Full text of The Employment Situation : August 1987

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NeWS ar
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Technical information: (202) 523-1371
523-1944
523-1959
Media contact:
523-1208

Washington, D.C. 20212
USDL

87-382

TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS
RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL
8:30 A.M. (EDT), FRIDAY,
SEPTEMBER 4, 1987

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:

AUGUST 1987

Employment rose in August and unemployment was unchanged, the Bureau
of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The
overall unemployment rate and the civilian worker rate remained at 5.9 and
6.0 percent, respectively. Both rates have declined by 0.7 percentage
point since the beginning of this year.
Total civilian employment—as measured by the monthly survey of
households—rose by 355,000 in August after seasonal adjustment. Nonfarm
payroll
employment—as
measured
by
the
monthly
survey
of
establishments—was up by 155,000.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The number of unemployed persons was unchanged at 7.2 million in
August, after seasonal adjustment, as were the jobless rates for nearly all
major labor force groups. The rates for adult men (5.2 percent), adult
women (5.3 percent), teenagers (16.0 percent), whites (5.1 percent), blacks
(12.4 percent), and Hispanics (8.0 percent) showed
little
or
no
over-the-month change. (See tables A-2 and A-3.)
The length of unemployment was also little changed in August. The
average (mean) duration of unemployment was about unchanged at 14.3 weeks,
while the median duration edged down slightly to 6.4 weeks.
(See table
A-7.)
The
number
of
persons
employed
part
time
for
economic
reasons—sometimes referred to as the partially unemployed—declined in
August to 5.3 million, returning to the May-June levels. Although this
figure has edged down slightly thus far in 1987, it remains relatively high
by historical standards. (See table A-4.)
Civilian Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
Civilian employment declined less than usual in August and, after
seasonal adjustment, advanced by 355,000 to 113.1 million. Most of this
increase occurred among teenagers. The proportion of the population that
is employed rose 0.2 percentage point to a new high of 61.8 percent. (See
table A-2.)



•

- 2The civilian labor force increased to 120.3 million in August, after
seasonal adjustment, with the labor force participation rate edging up to
65.7 percent. Over the past year, the labor force has grown by 2.1
million, with about half of the increase occurring among adult women.
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

Monthly data

Quarterly
averages
Category

I

JulyAug.
change

1987

1987

II

June

July

Aug.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Total employment 1/..
Civilian labor force...
Civilian employment..
Discouraged workers..

120,943
112,995
119,202
111,254
7,948
62,800
1,168

Thousands of
121,341 121,235
113,906 113,975
119,615 119,517
112,180 112,257
7,260
7,435
63,187
62,912
N.A.
1,037

persons
121,672
114,447
119,952
112,727
7,224
62,933
N.A.

122,038
114,817
120,302
113,081
7,221
62,700
N.A.

366
370
350
354
-3
-233
N.A.

Percent of labor force
Unemployment rates:
All civilian workers.

White
Black
Hispanic origin....

6.6
6.7
5.9
5.8
17.9
5.7
14.2
9.7

6.1
6.2
5.5
5.4
17.0
5.3
13.2
8.8

6.0
6.1
5.5
5.2
15.9
5.2
12.7
8.5

5.9
6.0
5.4
5.4
15.5
5.1
12.6
7.9

5.9
6.0
5.2
5.3
16.0
5.1
12.4
8.0

0
0
-0.2
-.1
.5

0
-.2
.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Service-producing....

101,133
24,733
76,399

Thousands of jobs
101,708 101,818 pl02,114 pl02,270
24,757
24,761 p24,857 p24,857
76,951
77,057 p77,257 p77,413

pl56
P0
pl56

Hours of work
Average weekly hours:
34.8
41.0
3.6

34.8
40.9
3.7

1/ Includes the resident Armed Forces.
p=preliminary•




34.8
41.0
3.7

p34.8
p41.0
p3.8

p0.2
p35.0
p'41.0
po
p3.8 1
P0

N.A.=not available.

- 3 Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
Total nonagricultural employment rose by 155,000 in August to a
seasonally adjusted level of 102.3 million.
Virtually all of the job
growth occurred in the service-producing sector. (See table B-l.)
Within the service sector, the services industry component continued
its strong job expansion, increasing by 90,000 in August. Over the year, 1
million jobs have been added in the industry.
As usual, health and
business services accounted for most of the over-the-month gain. Job
growth continued in finance, insurance, and real estate as employment
advanced by 25,000 over the month. Employment in retail and wholesale
trade was about unchanged from July levels.
In the goods-producing sector, manufacturing employment was unchanged
in August, following a substantial increase (90,000) in July. Employment
in automobiles rose by 20,000, after declining by 30,000 in
July
(seasonally adjusted). Most of the recent employment fluctuations in this
industry result from early plant shutdowns for model changeover and
extended layoffs for inventory reductions.
In contrast, employment in
apparel and other textile products declined by 20,000, a return to the June
level.
Construction employment was unchanged at 5.0 million in August.
Mining and its oil and gas extraction component continued the gradual
recovery from the job losses of the 1985-86 period.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonagricultural payrolls expanded by 0.2 hour after seasonal
adjustment, reaching 35.0 hours. Most of this increase occurred in retail
trade and wholesale trade. Manufacturing hours remained at 41.0 for the
fourth consecutive month, and overtime hours were unchanged from July at
3.8, both historically high levels. (See table B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls increased 0.5 percent in August
to 121.2 (1977=100), seasonally adjusted.
The manufacturing index was
about unchanged at 93.7. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings rose 0.8 percent in August, while average
weekly earnings rose 1.4 percent, seasonally adjusted. Before seasonal
adjustment, average hourly earnings rose by 4 cents to $8.95, and average
weekly earnings were up $4.09 to $315.94. Over the year, hourly earnings
were up 25 cents and weekly earnings rose $10.57.




- 4 The Hourly Earnings Index (Establishment Survey Data)
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 173.9 (1977=100) in August,
seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.4 percent from July. For the 12
months ended in August, the increase was 2.6 percent. The HEI excludes the
effects of two types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate
movements—fluctuations in manufacturing
overtime
and
interindustry
employment shifts.
In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI
decreased 1.4 percent during the 12-month period ended in July. (See table
B-4.)

The Employment Situation for September 1987 will be released on Friday,
October 2, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT).




Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys,
the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the
Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey).
The household survey provides the information on the labor
force, total employment, and unemployment that appears in
the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample
survey of about 59,500 households that is conducted by the
Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected
from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies.
The sample includes over 290,000 establishments employing
over 38 million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually
collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household
survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey
week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the
pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of technical
factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a
survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each
of these factors is explained below.
Coverage, definitions, and differences
between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are selected
so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population
16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is
classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.
Those who hold more than one job are classified according to
the job at which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all
as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or
on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were
paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were
on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their
eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if
they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at




that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Persons laid off from their
former jobs and awaiting recall and those expecting to report
to a job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be
counted as unemployed.
The labor force equals the sum of the number employed and
the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the
percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian
plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special
grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The
definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive
definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive yields U-7.
The overall unemployment rate is U-5a, while U-5b represents
the same measure with a civilian labor force base.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only
counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the
payroll records of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there are
many differences between the two surveys, among which are
the following:
— The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a
larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture,
the self-employed, unpaid family workers, private household workers, and
members of the resident Armed Forces;
— The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed; the establishment survey does not;
— The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older; the
establishment survey is not limited by age;
— The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at
more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be
counted separately for each appearance.

Other differences between the two surveys are described in
"Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and
Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon
request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as
changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.
For example, the labor force increases by a large number each
June, when schools close and many young people enter the job
market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very
large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may
account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular
pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in economic activity or increases in the participation
of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the
school's-out example, the large number of people entering the
labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined.
However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can
be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the
seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
economic activity.
Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment
contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all
employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and
average hourly earnings include components based on the
employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the
components and combining them. The second procedure
usually yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure
for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted
civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed
Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally
adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and
the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of
the labor force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June period
and again for the July-December period. The January revision
is applied to data that have been published over the previous 5
years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for
seasonal adjustment are calculated only once a year, along
with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed
at the end of the next section.

Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys
are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the
number of people employed and the other estimates drawn,
from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would
be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the
amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other
factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the
chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based
on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error




from the results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will
differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error from the
results of a complete census. At approximately the 90-percent
level of confidence—the confidence limits used by BLS in its
analyses—the error for the monthly change in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 328,000; for total
unemployment it is 220,000; and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures do not
mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes but,
rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that
the "true" level or rate would not be expected to differ from
the estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the
data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or
annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the
larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the
estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error
than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among
the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of
adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for
the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly
change in the jobless rate for men is .26 percentage point; for
teenagers, it is 1.25 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most current
months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these
estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the
returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are
revised. In other words, data for the month of September are
published in preliminary form in October and November and
in final form in December. To remove errors that build up
over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes can be
measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in
the classification of industries and allow for the formation of
new establishments.

Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide variety of data
in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by
BLS. It is available for$8.50per issue or$22.00per year from
the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
20204. A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders. .
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of
the standard errors for the household survey data published in
this release. For unemployment and other labor force
categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of
its <4Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the
data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual
amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P, and Q of that publication.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the population, Including Armed Forces in the United States, by sex
(Numbers Hi thousands)
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status and sex
Aug .
1986

July
1987

Aug .
1987

Aug .
1986

Apr .
1987

May
1 v87

June
1987

July
1987

Aug .
1 987

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population*
Laborforce*
Participation rate*
Total employed 2
Employment-population ratio 4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate§
Not In labor force

2,525
1,168
66. 4
3,212
62.0
1 ,697
1 ,515
3,440
8,075
7,955
6.6
1 ,357

184,605
123,825
67. 1
116,372
63.0
1 ,720
114,652
3,754
1 10,898
7,453
6.0
60,779

184,738
123,350
66.8
1 16,263
62.9
1 ,736
1 14,527
3,452
1 1 1 ,075
7,088
5.7
61,388

182,525
1 19,821
65.6
111 ,764
61 .2
1 ,697
1 10,067
3,057
107,010
8,057
6.7
62,704

184,079
121,070
65.8
1 13,570
61 .7
1 ,735
1 1 1 ,835
3,290
108,545
7,500
6.2
63,009

184,259
121,719
66. 1
1 14, 173
62.0
1 ,726
1 12,447
3,335
109,112
7,546
6.2
62,540

184,421
121 ,235
65.7
1 13,975
61.8
1,718
1 12,257
3, 1 78
109,079
7,260
6.0
63,187

184,605
121,672
65.9
1 14,447
62.0
1 ,720
1 12,727
3,219
109,508
7,224
5.9
62,933

184,738
122,038
66. 1
114,817
62.2
1 ,736
1 13,081
3,092
109,989
7,221
5.9
62,700

87,460
68,010
77.8
63,913
73.1
1 ,541
62,372
4,097
6.0

88,534
69,338
78.3
65,375
73.8
1 ,561
63,814
3,963
5.7

88,598
69,001
77.9
65,305
73.7
1 ,575
63,730
3,696
5.4

87,460
66,911
76.5
62,483
71 .4
1 ,541
60,942
4,428
6.6

88,271
67,603
76.6
63,417
71 .8
1 ,575
61,842
4,186
6.2

88,361
67,816
76.7
63,562
71 .9
1 ,566
61,996
4,254
6.3

88,442
67,556
76.4
63,471
71 .8
1 ,559
61,912
4,085
6.0

88,534
67,656
76.4
63,715
72.0
1 ,561
62,154
3,941
5.8

88,598
67,925
76.7
63,918
72. 1
1 ,575
62,343
4,007
5.9

95,065
53,157
55.9
49,299
51 .9
156
49,143
3,858
7.3

96,071
54,488
56.7
50,998
53. 1
159
50,839
3,490
6.4

96,140
54,350
56.5
50,958
53.0
161
50,797
3,392
6.2

95,065
52,910
55.7
49,281
51 .8
156
49,125
3,629
6.9

95,808
53,467
55.8
50,153
52.3
160
49,993
3,314
6.2

95,898
53,903
56.2
50,611
52.8
160
50,451
3,292
6.1

95,979
53,679
55.9
50,504
52.6
159
50,345
3,175
5.9

96,071
54,016
56.2
50,733
52.8
159
50,574
3,283
6.1

96,140
54,113
56.3
50,899
52.9
161
50,738
3,213
5.9

Men, 16 years and over
Noninstitutional population 2
Labor force 2
Participation rate8
Total employed 2
Employment-population ratio 4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate§
Women, 16 years and over
Noninstitutional population 2
Labor force 2
Participation rate3
Total employed 2
Employment-population ratio 4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate8

1
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;
therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
2
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.




1

Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
• Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident Armed
Forces).
4

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
(Numbers In thousands)

Seasonally adjusted*

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
Aug .
1986

July
1 987

Aug .
1987

Aug .
1986

Apr .
1987

Mny
198/

June
1987

July
1987

Aug .
1 987

TOTAL
Civilian nonlnstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

182,533
182,344
119,993
1 19,335
65.7
65.4
1 1 1 ,835 112,447
61
.6
61 .3
7,546
7,500
6.3
6.3

180,828
1 19,471
66. 1
111,515
61 .7
7,955
6.7

182,885
122,105
66.8
1 14,652
62.7
7,453
6. 1

183,002
121,614
66.5
1 14,527
62.6
7,088
5.8

180,828
1 18,124
65.3
1 10,067
60.9
8,057
6.8

78,634
61,689
78.5
58,344
74.2
2,355
55,989
3,345
5.4

79,625
62,645
78.7
59,458
74.7
2,556
56,902
3,187
5. 1

79,668
62,516
78.5
59,546
74.7
2,416
57,130
2,970
4.8

78,634
61 ,219
77.9
57,585
73.2
2,185
55,400
3,634
5.9

79,387
61,976
78.1
58,567
73.8
2,41 1
56,155
3,409
5.5

87,689
48,653
55.5
45,439
51 .8
702
44,737
3,214
6.6

88,632
49,564
55.9
46,811
52.8
749
46,062
2,753
5.6

88,685
49,683
56.0
46,840
52.8
680
46,161
2,843
5.7

87,689
48,950
55.8
45,956
52.4
622
45,334
2,994
6.1

14,505
9,129
62.9
7,732
53.3
383
7,349
1 ,397
15.3

14,628
9,896
67.6
8,383
57.3
448
7,934
1 ,513
15.3

14,649
9,415
64.3
8,141
55.6
356
7,785
1 ,274
13.5

14,505
7,955
54.8
6,526
45.0
250
6,276
1 ,429
18.0

182,703
119,517
65.4
112,257
61 .4
7,260
6.1

182,885
1 19,952
65.6
112,727
61 .6
7,224
6.0

183,002
120,302
65.7
113,081
61.8
7,221
6.0

79,474
62,156
78.2
58,721
73.9
2,441
56,280
3,436
5.5

79,536
62,057
78.0
58,620
73.7
2,307
56,313
3,437
5.5

79,625
62,116
78.0
58,793
73.8
2,343
56,450
3,323
5.4

79,668
62,053
77.9
58,818
73.8
2,254
56,564
3,235
5.2

88,395
49,466
56.0
46,751
52.9
587
46,164
2,715
5.5

88,464
49,774
56.3
47,094
53.2
634
46,460
2,680
5.4

88,546
49,714
56.1
47,126
53.2
615
46,512
2,588
5.2

88,632
49,971
56.4
47,288
53.4
619
46,669
2,683
5.4

88,685
49,989
56.4
47,324
53.4
603
46,722
2,664
5.3

14,562
7,894
54.2
6,518
44.8
292
6,226
1 ,376
17.4

14,595
8,063
55.2
6,633
45.4
261
6,372
1 ,430
17.7

14,621
7,746
53.0
6,511
44.5
257
6,254
1 ,235
15.9

14,628
7,865
53.8
6,647
45.4
258
6,389
1 ,218
15.5

14,649
8,260
56.4
6,939
47.4
236
6,703
1 ,321
16.0

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian nonlnstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian nonlnstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian nonlnstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identicai
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.




2

Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnstitutional population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)

Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
Aug .
1986

July
1 987

Aug .
1 987

Aug .
1 986

157,134
104,631
66.6
99,482
63.3
5,149
4.9

155,604
102, 122
65.6
96, 177
61.8
5,945
5.8

Apr .
1 98;

May
'78.'

June
1 987

July
1 98 7

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population . .
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

155,604
103,214
66.3
97,410
62.6
5,805
5.6

157,058
104,987
66.8
99,609
63.4
5,378
5. 1

156,676
102,894
65.7
97,340
62. 1
5,554
5.4

156 ,81 1
103,573
66. 1
98,050
62.5
5,524
5.3

156 ,93 0
103, 106
65. 7
97,716
62.3
5,390
5.2

15 7,058
103,272
65.8
97,958
6 2.4
5,314
5. 1

15 7,134
103,614
65.9
98,299
62.6
5,315
5. 1

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

53,996
78.8
51 ,531
75.2
2,466
4.6

54,625
78.9
52,250
75.5
2,375
4.3

54,558
78.8
52,335
75.6
2,224
4. 1

53,583
78.2
50,877
74.3
2,706
5. 1

54,051
78.3
51 ,462
74.6
2,589
4.8

54,314

78.6
51 ,755
74.9
2,558
4.7

54,213
78.4
51,581
74.6
2,632
4.9

54,214
78.3
51,682
74.7
2,532
4.7

54,164
78.2
51,714
74.7
2,449
4.5

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

41,320
54.9
38,984
51 .8
2,336
5.7

41,927
55.3
39,975
52.7
1 ,951
4.7

42,061
55.4
40,049
52.7
2,012
4.8

41 ,640
55.4
39,466
52.5
2,174
5.2

41 ,982
55.5
40,041
52.9
1 ,941
4.6

42,239
55.8
40,343
53.2
1 ,895
4.5

42,159
55.6
40,318
53.2
1 ,841
4.4

42,280
55.7
40,379
53.2
1 ,902
4.5

42,418
55.9
40,535
53.4
1 ,882
4.4

6,899
58. 1
5,834
49. 1
1 ,065
15.4
16.6
14.2

6,861
57.4
5,837
48.9
1 ,024
14.9
16.7
13.1

7,021
58.7
5,951
49.8
1 ,070
15.2
17.3
13.1

6,734
56.3
5,81 7
48.6
917
13.6
14.5
12.7

6,778
56.6
5,898
49.3
880
13.0
13.0
13.0

7,033
58.8
6,049
50.6
984
14.0
15.4
12.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

7,898
66.5
6,895
58.0
1 ,003
12.7
13.4
12.0

8,436
70.5
7,384
61 .7
1 ,051
12.5
12. 1
12.8

20,028
12,767
63.7
10,878
54.3
1 ,889
14.8

20,373
13,468
66. 1
11 ,645
57.2
1 ,823
13.5

20,396
13,393
65.7
11,721
57.5
1 ,671
12.5

20,028
12,553
62.7
10,716
53.5
1 ,837
14.6

20,279
12,743
62.8
11,090
54.7
1 ,653
13.0

20,312
12,860
63.3
11,080
54.6
1 ,779
13.8

20,341
12,863
63.2
1 1 ,223
55.2
1 ,640
12.7

20,373
13,047
64.0
11 ,401
56.0
1 ,647
12.6

20,396
13,194
64.7
11 ,563
56.7
1 ,630
12.4

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,923
74.7
5,166
65.2
756
12.8

6,159
76.3
5,463
67.7
696
11.3

6,121
75.8
5,491
68.0
630
10.3

5,885
74.2
5,110
64.5
775
1 3.2

5,980
74.4
5,328
66.3
652
10.9

6,033
75.0
5,279
65.6
754
12.5

6,001
74.5
5,31 1
65.9
690
11.5

6,089
75.4
5,404
66.9
686
11.3

6,079
75.2
5,431
67.2
647
10.7

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
*
Employment-population ratio 2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,849
58.7
5,067
50.8
782
13.4

6,104
60.2
5,388
53.2
716
11.7

6,118
60.3
5,379
53.0
739
12.1

5,841
58.6
5,112
51 .3
729
12.5

5,918
58. 7
5,238
51 .9
680
11.5

5,970
59. 1
5,278
52.2
691
11.6

6,017
59.5
5,349
52.9
669
11.1

6, 125
60.4
5,426
53.5
699
1 1 .4

6, 120
60.3
5,428
53.5
692
11.3

996
46.7
645
30.2
351
35.3
32.9
37.9

1 ,205
55.6
794
36.6
41 1
34. 1
33.9
34.3

1 ,154
53.2
852
39.3
302
26.2
28. 1
24.0

827
38.8
494
23. 1
333
40.3
38.8
41 .9

845
39.2
524
24.3
321
38.0
39.3
36.5

857
39. 7
523
24.2
334
39.0
40 . 3
37.6

844
39.0
563
26.0
281
33.3
31 .5

833
38.4
571
26.3
262
31 .5
31 .5
31 .4

995
45.9
704
32.5
291
29.2
32.6
25.3

12,925
8,688
67.2
8,013
62.0
. 675
7.8

12,397
8, 130
65.6
7,24 8
58.5
882
10.8

12,770
8,484
66.4
7, 701
60. 3
783
9.,?

12,809
8,586
67. 0
7,838
61.2
748
8. 7

12,848
8,452
65.8
7,730
60.2

8,012
67.0
7,098
59.4
913
1 1 .4
12.3
10.4

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population . .
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2
Unemployed ...'
Unemployment rate

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

3 5. 1

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population ..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

12,397
8,270
66. 7
7,393
5 7.6
877
10.6

12,887
8,583
66.6
7,883
61 .2
700
8.2

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
2
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.




12,887
8,411
65.3
7,744
6 0.1
667
7. 9

12,925
8,544
66. 1
7', 86 4
60 .8
680
8.0

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included
in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

TabU A-4. S«toct«d employment Indicator*
(Numbers In thousands)
Net seasonally ad|ueted
Category

Aug .
1986

Ju 1 y
1987

Aug .
1987

1 14,6 52

1 14,52 7
40,542
27,660
6,059

Seasonally adjusted
Apr .

Aug .
19 8 6

July
198 7

1 ve i

CHARACTERISTIC
111,515
39,994
26,834
5,791

Civilian employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

4 0,402
27,744
6,031

110,067
3 9 , 7 35
27,388
5,8.52

111,835
39,967
28,213

5,9 72

1 I i? , 4 4 7
40 , 029

28,495
b,92 1

1 I ? , 2 b 7 112,727
4 0 ,241
4Q ,057
2 8 ,4 26
2 8,458
5 ,939
6 ,1)1 3

113,
40 ,
,196
, 1 08

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagrlcultural Industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private Industries
Private households
Other Industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1 ,727
1 ,496
21 7

1 ,967
1 ,572
215

1 ,781
1 ,4 72
198

1 ,387
174

1 ,589
1 ,505
1 75

1 ,695
1 ,442
170

1,614
1 ,386
165

99,672
15,820
83,853
1 ,357
82,496
8,126
277

102,350
16,355
85,996
1 ,353
84,643
8,279
269

102,422
16, 140
86,281
1 ,273
85,008
8,397
256

98,586
16,446
82,140
1 ,24 7
80,893
7,956
271

100,112
16,484
83,628
1 ,26682,362
8,117
268

100,834
16,710
84, 124
1 ,266
82,858
8,142
275

100,420
16,956
83,464
1 ,146
82,318
8,328
274

100,838
16,931
83,907
1 ,224
82,683
8,205
268

101 ,334
16,760
84,574
1 ,1 72
83,402
8,216
250

All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,927
2,331
3, 199
11,036

6,219
2,387
3,452
11,826

5,694
2,417
2,900
11,590

5,471
2,417
2,741
13,981

5,391
2,322
2,746
13,862

5,282
2,223
2,665
14,573

5,184
2,317
2,579
15,054

5,508
2,456
2,722
14,422

5,262
2,515
2,494
14,634

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,669
2,192
3,096
10,645

5,848
2,203
3,290
11,324

5,373
2,207
2,803
11,136

5,269
2,283
2,678
13,606

5,110
2,137
2,662
13,399

5,029
2,071
2,594
14,069

4,918
2,155
2,477
14,485

5,235
2,295
2,634
13,946

4,998
2,306
2,433
14, 168

I ,509

1,619
1,429
154

1 ,56 6

1 ,363
159

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1

1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such
reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

Table A-5. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Quarterly average*

Monthly data

Measure

II
U-1

III

IV

July

II

Aug .

Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the
1 .9

1 .9

1 .8

1 .8

1 .7

1 . 7

1 .6

1 .6

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.3

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.8

5.5

5.4

5.4

5. 1

4.7

4.6

4.7

4.7

6.8

6.6

6.5

6.3

5.9

5.9

5.7

5.6

civilian labor force
U-2

Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force

U-3

Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the
civilian labor force
Unemployed full-time jobseekers as a percent of the full-time
civilian labor force

U-4

U-Sa

Total unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including the
resident Armed Forces

7.0

6.8

6.8

6.6

6. 1

6.0

5.9

5.9

U-Sb

Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force

7. 1

6.9

6 . 9

6. 7

6 .2

6 . 1

b.O

6 .0

U-6

Total full-time jobseekers plus Vt pert-time jobseekers plus Vt total on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less Vt of the
part-time labor force

U-7

Total full-time jobseekers plus Vi part-time jobseekers plus Vt total on part
time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the
civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less Vt of the
part-time labor force

N.A = not available.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Selected uiixwaieyiiiem Indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)

Unemployment rates1

Caisfary
Aug .
1986

Apr .
1987

May
1 98/

June
1 987

July
1 987

7,221
4,007
3,235
3,213
2,664
1 ,321

6.
6.
5.
6.
6.
18.

6.3
6.3
5.5
6.2
5.
17,

6.3
6.4
5.5
6. 1
5.4
17.7

6. 1
6.2
5.5
5.9
5.2
15.9

6.0

1 ,608
1 ,243
620

1 ,526
1 ,268
608

4.
5.
10.1

6,518
1 ,561

5,837
1 ,358

5,783
1 ,433

6,120
156
761
1 ,515
904
61 1
293
1 ,684
1,711
554
231

5,480
67
670
1 ,307
789
518
280
1 ,546
1 ,609
600
207

5,339
78
706
1 ,205
714
491
266
1 ,615
1 ,470
673
191

Aug .
1986

July
1987

8,057
4,428
3,634
3,629
2,994
1 ,429

7,224
3,941
3,323
3,283
2,683
1 ,218

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

1 ,729
1 ,478
653

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Labor force time lost*

Aug .
1987

Aug .
1 987

CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 years and over
Men, 16years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

6 . 0

5.4
6.
5.
15,

4
4,
9

3.9
4. 1
9.6

4.0
4.0
9.7

3,
4,
9.4

3.7
4.3
9.0

6.4
9.3
7.7

5.9
8.6
7.3

5.9
8.7
7.2

5.9
6.9
7. 1

5.7
7.9
6.9

5.6
8.2
6.8

6.9
16.6
12.4
6.9
6.8
6.9
4.8
7.5
5.6
3.3
13.3

6.2
11.1
1 1 .
6.
6.
6.
4.
7.
4,
3,
9,

6.3
12.9
12.1
6.4

6.2
10.8
1 1 .
5.
5.
6.
5.
7.
4.
3.

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utitities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
1

6,
7
10,
6
6,
5,
4,
6,
5,
3,
1 1

5.9
8.9
11.2
5.5

reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours- lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic

Table A-7. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Weeks of unemployment
Aug .
1986

July
1987

Aug .
1987

Aug.
1986

Apr .
1987

May
1987

June
1987

July
1987

Aug .
1987

3,348
2,576
2,031
862
1 , 170

3,415
2,276
1 ,762
787
975

3,101
2,305
1 ,682
642
1 ,040

3,436
2,407
2,272
1 ,068
1 ,204

3,143
2,232
2,075
1 ,025
1 ,049

3,349
2,118
2,101
1 ,003
1 ,098

3,085
2,114
2,055
998
1 ,057

3,168
2, 141
1 ,907
945
962

3,197
2, 1 70
1 ,884
814
1 ,070

15.3
7. 1

13.4
5.9

14.2
6.4

14.9
7.0

14.9
6.5

14.8
6.7

14.0
6.7

14.3
6.4

100.0
45.8
30.5
23.6
10.6
13. 1

100.0
43.8
32.5
23.7
9. 1
14.7

100.0
42.2
30.0
27.9
13.8
14.1

100.0
44.3
28.0
27.8
13.2
14.5

100.0
42.5
29. 1
28. 3
13.8
14.6

100.0
43.9
29. 7
26.4
13.1
13.3

100.0

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

15.6
7. 1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




100.0
42. 1
32.4
25.5
10.8
14.7

100.
42.
29.
28.
13.

44 . 1

29.9
26.0
11.2
14.8

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Reason for unemployment
tNumbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Aug .
1986

July
1987

Aug .
1987

Aug .
1986

Apr .
1987

May
1987

June
1987

July
1987

Aug .
1 987

3,624
884
2,740
1 ,043
2,196
1 ,093

3,385
839
2,546
1 ,068
1 ,91 1
1 ,089

3,145
730
2,415
1 ,062
1 ,991
890

3,824
1 ,017
2,807
990
2,199
1 ,014

3,732
958
2,774
923
1 ,940
91 1

3,61 1
906
2,705
906
2,018
1 ,018

3,565
901
2,664
949
1 ,969
798

3,522
918
2,604
1 ,007
1 ,913
801

3,339
850
2,489
1 ,006
1 ,997
829

100.0
44.4
10.3
34. 1
15.0
28.1
12.6

100.
47.
12.
35.
12.
27.
12.

100.
49.
12.
37.
12.
25.
12.

100.
47,
12,
35,
12,
26,
13,

100.0
49.0
12.4
36.6
13.0
27.0
11.0

100.
48.
12.
36.
13.
26.
1 1 .

100.0
46.6
1 1 .9
34.7
14.0
27.9
11.6

N U M B E R OF U N E M P L O Y E D
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

100.0
45.5
11.1
34.4
13. 1
27.6
13.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

2.6
.9
1 .6
.7

2.8
.9
1 .6
.9

3.0
.9
1 .8
.9

2.8
.8
1 .7
.7

2.9
.8
1 .6
.7

3.0
.8
1 .6
.7

3.0
.8
1 .7
.8

3.1
.8
1 .6
.8

3.2
.8
1 .9
.9

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Sex and age

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987

Aug.
1986

Apr.
1987

Hay
1987

June
1987

July
1987

Aug.
1987

8,057
3,001
1 ,429
641
787
1 ,572
5,087
4,525
561

7,224
2,686
1 ,218
573
623
1 ,468
4,532
4,090
457

7,221
2,685
1 ,321
636
691
1 ,364
4,564
4,072
479

6.8
12.9
18.0
19.8
16.8
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.7

6.3
12.6
17.4
19.2
16.3
10.1
4.8
5.0
3.4

6.
12.
17.
21 .
15.
9.
4.
5.
3.

6.1
12.2
15.9
18.8
13.7
10.2
4.6
4.9
3.2

6.
11 .
15.
17.
13.
9.
4.
5.
3.

6.0
1 1 .6
16.0
18.0
14.7
9. 1
4.7
5.0
3.2

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16to19years
16 to 17 years
18to19years
20 to 24 years.
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4,428
1 ,625
794
350
441
831
2,835
2,471
356

3,941
1 ,406
618
285
307
788
2,530
2,244
299

4,007
1 ,498
772
374
400
726
2,543
2,232
300

6.8
13.3
19.1
20.
18.
10.
5.
5.
4.

4.8
5.0
3.7

6.4
13.4
20.0
23.2
17.7
10.0
4.9
5.1
4.1

6.0
11 .9
15.5
16.6
13.8
10.0
4.7
4.9
3.4

6.0
12.4
18.
20.
16.
9.
4.
4.
3.

Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16to17yBars
18to19years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25to54years
55 years and over

3,629
1 ,376
635
291
346
741
2,252
2,054
205

3,283
1 ,280
600
288
316
680
2,002
1 ,846
158

3,213
1 ,187
549
262
291
638
2,022
1 ,839
179

6.9
12.4
16.7
18.7
15.4
10.2
5.4
5.8
3.3

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25to54years
55 years and over

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.




6
1 1 .
15
19,
12
9
4,
4,
3

5.9
11.7
15.4
18.9
13.0
9.7
4.4
4.7
2.8

6.0
10.7
13.9
15.3
12.9
8.9
4.7
5.0
2.9

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Employment status of black and other workers
(Numbers In thousands)

Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate . . . . . .
Not in labor force

Aug .
1986

July
1987

Aug .
1 987

Aug .
1986

Apr .
1 987

May
: »8>

June
1 98 7

July

1 937

1 98 7

25,224
16,256
64.4
14,105
55.9
2,151
13.2
8,968

25,826
17,118
66.3
15,043
58.2
2,0 76
12. 1
8,708

25,868
16,984
65.7
15,045
58.2
1 ,939
11.4
8,884

25,224
15,957
63.3
13,861
55.0
2,096
13.1
9,267

25,667
16,394
63.9
14,468
56.4
1 ,925
11.7
9,273

25,723

25,773
1 6 ,439
63.8
14,566
56.5
1 ,873
11.4
9,334

25,826
16,632
64 . 4
14,750
57. 1
1 ,882
11.3
9, 1 94

25,368
16 , 705

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

2

1 <? , 4 6 4

64.0
14,454
56.2
2,011
12.2
9,259

64 . 6
14,812

57.3
1 ,893
11.3
9,163

Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.

Table A-11. Occupational status of the employed and unemployed, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers In thousands)
Civilian employed

Unemployment rate

Unemployed

Occupation
Aug .
1986
Total, 16 years and over1

Aug .
1987

Aug .
1986

Aug .
1987

Aug .
1986

Aug .
1 987

7,088

6.7

5.8

672
312
360

2.7
2.4
3.0

2.4
2.2
2.5

111,515

1 14,527

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

26,183
12,753
13,431

27,750
13,791
13,958

731
319
41 1

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

34,784
3,387
13,446
17,952

35,285
3,470
13,708
18,107

1 ,742
115
763
864

1 ,622
1 12
696
81 3

4.8
3.3
5.4
4.6

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

14,935
1 ,007
1 ,829
12,098

15,277
956
1 ,932
12,389

1 ,335
78
60
1 ,196

1 ,257
63
75
1,119

7.
3.
9.

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,903
4,444
5,329
4,130

14,073
4,627
5,323
4,122

892
214
396
282

770
188
360
222

6.
4.
6.
6.

5.2
3.9
6.3
5. 1

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,809
8,155
4,579
5,075
912
4,162

18,161
8,346
4,750
5,065
935
4,130

1 ,874
877
340
657
142
514

9.
9.
6.
1 1 .
13.
1 1 .

8. 1
7.8
6. 1
1-0.5
11.3
10.3

3,901

3,981

249

Farming, forestry, and fishing
1
Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last job was in the
Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.




1 ,609
709
306
594
120
474
242

5.7

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)

Civilian labor fores

Vetsran status
and age

Civilian
nonlnstltutlonal
population
Total
Numbar
Aug.
1986

Aug.
1987

Aug .
1986

Aug.
1987

Aug .
1986

Aug .
1987

7,760
6,370
1 ,120
3,009
2,2^1
1 ,390

7,847
6,184
895
2,552
2,737
1 ,663

7,166
6,063
1 ,044
2,863
2,156
1 ,103

7,241
5,904
839
2,428
2,637
1 ,337

6,884
5,806
984
2,741
2,081
1 ,078

6,934
5,655
777
2,310
2,568
1 ,279

Aug .
1986

labor fores
Aug .
1987

Aug.
1986

Aug .
1987

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over

282
257
60
122
75
25

307
249
62
1 18
69
58

907
434
301
172

813
417
229
167

4.2
4.2
7.4
4.9
2.6
4.3

NONVETERANS
Total, 30to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years

18,529
8,600
5,765
4,164

19,585
8,910
6,252
4,423

17,579
8,183
5,476
3,920

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces between
August 5,1964 and May 7,1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Arm-




18,601
8,549
5,921
4,131

16,672
7,749
5,175
3,748

17,788
8,132
5,692
3,964

5.2
5.3
5.5
4.4

4.4
4.9
3.9
4.0

ed Forces; published data are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most
closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employment status of the civilian population for eleven large States
(Numbers in thousands)
Stata and employment statu*

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987

Aug.
1986

Apr .
1987

May
1987

June
1987

July
1987

Aug.
1987

20,170
13,541
12,639
902
6.7

20,592
13,981
13,142
839
6.0

20,624
13,891
13,141
751
5.4

20,170
13,423
12,536
887
6.6

20,477
13,761
12,959
802
5.8

20,516
13,917
13,070
847
6.1

20,553
13,742
12,989
753
5.5

20,592
13,819
13,064
7-5 5
5.5

20,624
13,775
13,036
739
5.4

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

9,202
5,711
5,373
338
5.9

441
985
630
356
5.9

9,460
5,925
5,589
336
5.7

9,202
5,630
5,299
331
5.9

9,376
5,837
5,515
322
5.5

9,398
5,881
5,562
319
5.4

9,419
5,840
5,546
294
5.0

9,441
5,899
5,587
312
5.3

9,460
5,851
5,519
332
5.7

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

8,661
5,751
5,298
453
7.9

8,687
5,874
5,455
419
7. 1

8,686
5,865
5,466
399
6.8

8,661
5,713
5,251
462
8.1

8,680
5,652
5,186
466
8.2

8,682
5,680
5,201
479
8.4.

8,684
5,727
5,297
430
7.5

8,687
5,778
5,356
422
7.3

8,686
5,819
5,409
410
7.0

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

4,554
3,137
3,021
116
3.7

4,573
3,132
3,052
80
2.6

4,573
3,153
3,065
89
2.8

4,554
3,081
2,961
120
3.9

4,568
3,070
2,947
123
4.0

4,570
3,069
2,954
115
3.7

4,571
3,114
3,015
99
3.2

4,573
3,069
2,993
76
2.5

4,573
3,097
3,005
92
3.0

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,868
4,418
4,071
348
7.9

6,931
4,599
4, 192
407
8.8

6,934
4,686
4,296
389
8.3

6,868
4,372
4,004
368
8.4

6,914
4,466
4,081
385
8.6

6,920
4,486
4, 124
362
8.1

6,925
4,513
4, 124
389
8.6

6,931
4,503
4, 129
374
8.3

6,934
4,6 38
4,231
407
8.8

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,929
3,951
3,775
176
4.5

5,987
4,025
3,843
181
4.5

5,990
4,022
3,867
155
3.9

5,929
3,916
3,724
192
4.9

5,971
3,946
3,791
155
3.9

5,977
4,003
3,836
167
4.2

5,981
3,977
3,809
168
4.2

5,987
3,930
3,771
159
4.0

5,990
3,98b
3,815
171
4. 3

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

13,737
8,530
8,030
501
5.9

13,782
8,674
8,280
394
4.5

13,781
8,669
8,292
376
4.3

13,737
8,390
7,886
504
6.0

13,769
8,473
8,062
411
4.9

13,774
8,491
8,082
409
4.8

13,777
8,535
8,145
390
4.6

13,782
8,481
8, 106
375
4.4

13,781
8,526
8, 145
381
4.5

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

4,767
3,252
3,085
167
5. 1

4,843
3,389
3,229
160
4.7

4,848
3,351
3,211
140
4.2

4,767
3,207
3,039
168
5.2

4,822
3,267
3,112
155
4.7

4,829
3,240
3, 101
139
4.3

4,836
3,292
3,143
149
4.5

4,843
3,322
3,171
151
4.5

4,848
3,306
3,165
141
4.3

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

8, 109
5,261
4,838
423
8.0

8, 136
5,325
4,967
358
6.7

8, 136
5,272
4,908
364
6.9

8,109
5,185
4,763
422

8,128
5,223
4,846
377
7.2

131
,294
878
416
7.9

8,133
5,237
4,859
378
7.2

136
240
868
372
7.1

8,136
5,205
4,841
364
7.0

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

9,243
5,790
5,423
366
6.3

9,283
5,787
5,453
335
5.8.

9,283
5,829
5,526
303
5.2

9,243
5,659
5,284
375
6.6

9,272
5,545
5,238
307
5.5

9,276
5,621
5,319
302
5.4

9,279
5,630
5,310
320
5.7

9,283
5,616
5,295
321
5.7

9,283
5,697
5,383
314
5.5

12,016
8,187
7,441
745
9.1

12,231
8,636
7,882
754
8.7

12,246
8,590
* 7,880
710
8.3

12,016
8,142
7,390
752
9.2

12,172
8,267
7,552
715
8.6

12,192
8,511
7,778
733
8.6

12,211
8,372
7,656
716
8.6

12,231
8,456
7,753
703
8.3

12,246
8,546
7,828
718
8.4

California
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida

New York

Ohio

Texas
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

• These ara the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates i
Federal fund allocation programs.




I In t

The population figures t '• not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers
I the seasonally adjusted columns.
In t

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

TabU B-1. Employaas on nonagricultural payrolls by Industry
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Industry
Aug.
1986

Total .
Total private
Goods-producing . .
Mining
Oil and gas extraction

July
19 87 Pi

Aug
1987 Pi

Aug.
1986

Apr .
1987

une
L 987

July
1 9 8 7 pl

99,641

102,704

83,967

85,610

85,734

86,076 83,125

84,560

84,677

84,787

85,089

25,096

25,088

25,084

25,319

24,639

24,759

24,752

24,761

24,857

748
427.3

753
432.0

748
428

729
416

735
420

738
425

743
429

5,208
5,301
1,380.9 1 , 3 1 2 . 0

5,313
1,339.1

5,368
1,346.9

4,946
1,295

5,019
1,272

4,999
1,267

5,008
1,266

5,008
1,263

753
426.7

Construction
General building contractors

June
1987

741
420.7 1

1 0 1 , 9 3 4 102,148 99,772

101,598 |101,708 101 ,818 102,114

Manufacturing
Production workers

19,042
12,925

19,139
13,053

19,023
12,915

19,198
13,090

18,945
12,857

19,011
12,939

19,018
12,946

19,015
12,958

19,106
13,021

Durable goods
Production workers

11,198
7,373

11,253
7,479

11,141
7,352

11,211 11,206
7,399
7,430

11,175
7,406

11,175
7,409

11,176
7,421

11,195
7,424

753,
509,
595,
753,
278,
430.8
,036.5
,088.3
,018.0
850.2
696.4
371.2

759.2
505.8
592
741
277
1,408
2,023
2,078
1,973
802.8
695.5
362.0

712
499
584
735
265
,423
,051
,123
,016
861
703
360

736
504
586
743
272
1,423
2,022
2,092
2,011
847
694
364

738
509
584
742
272
,420
,025
,087
,011
843
693
366

735
510
582
746
275
1,424
,028
,080
,010
842
693
368

740
519
582
. 749
276
1,425
2,032
2,087
1,994
813
696
371

7,886
5,574

7,882
5,563

7,739
5,458

7,836
5,533

7,843
5,537

7,839
5,537

7,911
5,597

1,616
58
707
1,102
671
1,462
1,021
168
786
148

1,642
56
724
1,104
677
1,493
1,018
164
809
149

1,633
57
727
1,107
677
1,497
1,022
164
809
150

1,634
57
729
1,108
676
1,498
1,014
164
810
149

1,646
58
737
1,131
676
1,503
1,026
163
.816
155

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

737,
497,
598
734
265
1,422,
2,038,
2,123,
1,979,
831,
704,
363,
I

7,844
5,552

' \ y 05.6
58.1
i
7 10
j. 1 , 1 0 3
,
5 74
j 1^4 57
j 1 > 0 26
'.. !
1 71
I
7 86
j
\ 50

761.
517,
598.
750,
278,
421.
,028.
,089.
975.
804.
695.
372.
7,987
5,660
1,727
56
736
1,111
678
1,502
1,034
168
816
155

,638.
53,
732.
,120.
683.
,499.
,022.
167.
816.
151.

1,683.
53,
723,
1,092.
677.
1,498.
1,032.
167.
806.
147.1

74,545

77,616

76,850

76,829

75,133

76,839

76,956

77,057

77,257

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communication and public utilities

5,211
3,027
2,184

5,391
3,156
2,235

5,367
3,118
2,249

5,385
3,135
2,250

5,202
3,035
2,167

5,348
3,124
2,224

5,344
3,120
2,224

5,350
3,128
2,222

5,360
3,131
2,229

Wholesale trade . . .
Durable g o o d s . . . .
Nondurable goods

5,766
3,398
2,368

5,810
3,422
2,388

5,825
3,434
2,391

5,829
3,437
2,392

5,736
3,382
2,354

5,772
3,397
2,375

5,775
3,401
2,374

5,781
3,405
2,376

5,796
3,417
2,379,

18,031
2,323.0
2,887.7
1,973.2
6,089.2

18,372
2,334.8
2,963.3
2,004.5
6,179.0

18,344
2,348.7
2,965.2
2,007.5
6,153.1

18,376 1 7 , 9 1 3
2,371
2,357.6
2,889
2,958.0
1,949
2,010.2
5,904
6,179.0

18,197
2,385
2,953
1,978
5,962

18,205
2,390
2,956
1,978
5,976

18,226
2,387
2,960
1,983
5,982

18,27l'
2,404
2,959
1,984
5,986

6,428
3,208
1,969
1,251

6,649
3,303
2,043
1,303

6,698
3,323
2,054
1,321

6,710
3,324
2,060
1,326

6,351
3,183
1,961
1,207

6,558
3,272
2,032
1,254

6,576
3,276
2,037
1,263

6,586
3,280
2,037
1,269

6,607
3,290
2,042
1,275

23,435
4,868.6
6,617.2

24,300
5,106.6
6,880.8

24,457
24,416
5,143.0 5 , 2 0 1 . 9
6,918.6 6 , 9 5 0 . 8

23,284
4,815
6,594

23,926
5,044
6,800

24,025
5,083
6,822

24,083
5,086
6,853

24,198
5,107
6,884

15,674
2,907
3,663
9,104

17,094
2,976
3,822
10,296

16,072 16,647
2,H82
2,971
3,881
3,726
9,884
9,375

17,038
2,933
3,943
10,162

17 ,031
2,935
3,947
10,149

17,031
2,935
3,932
10,164

17,025
2,930
3,950
10,145

Service-producing.

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations.
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Finance
Insurance
Real estate
Services
Business services.
Health services . . .
Government.
Federal.. .
State
Local . . . .
p = preliminary.




16,200
2,977
3,737
9,486

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

TaWa 6-2. Avaraga waafcly hours of production or nonaupenriaory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by Industry
I seasonally adjusted

Aug.
1986
Total private
0

June
1987

July
Aug.
Aug.
1987 p! 1987 P| 1986

Apr.
1987

May
1987

June
1987

Aug .
July
1987 P| 1987

35.1

35.0

35.0

35.3

34.7

34.7

34.9

34.8

34.8

35.0

42.3

42.4

42.3

43.2

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Construction

38.3

38.1

38.6

38.6

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Manufacturing
Overtime hours

40.7
3.5

41.1
3.7

40.6
3.6

40.9
3.9

40.8
3.5

40.6
3.5

41.0
3.8

41.0
3.7

41.0
3.8

41.0
3.8

Durable goods
Overtime hours

41.1
3.5

41.7
3.8

41.0
3.6

41.3
3.9

41.4
3.6

41.2
3.6

41.6
3.9

41.5
3.8

41.5
3.8

41.6
4.0

40.6
40.1
42.8
41.5
41.
41,
41,
40.
41,
41.
40.
39,

41.
40,
42,
43,
43,
41,
42.
41,
41,
42,
41,
39,

40.4
39.1
42.5
42.7
43.5
40.8
41
40
41
41
40
38

41,
39,
42,
42.
42.
41,
41,
40,
41,
41,
41.
39,

40
39
42
42
41
41
41
41
42
42
40
(2)

40
39
41
42
42
41
41.8
40.6
41.9
42.1
41.0
(2)

41
39
42
43
43
41
42
40
42
42
41
(2)

40
40
42
43
43
41
42
41
41
42
41
(2)

40.
39
42
43
43,
41,
42
41
41.8
41.8
41.6
(2)

40
39
42
43
43
41
42
41
41
42
42
(2)

40.1
3.6

40.3
3.6

40.0
3.6

40.3
3.9

40.0
3.4

39.7
3.3

40.2
3.7

40.2
3.6

40.3
3.7

40.3
3.7

40.
36.
41.
36.
43.
38.
41.
44.
41.
36.

40,
40,
42,
37,
43,
37,
42,
43,
41,
39,

39.
35.
41.
37.
43.
37.
41.
44.
41.
38.

40
35
41
37
43.1
38,
42,
44,
41.
38,

40.2
(2)
41.2
36.6
43.4
38.0
42.0
44.2
(2)
(2)

39.8
(2)
41.4
36.1
43.0
37.7
42.2
43.9
(2)
(2)

40.1
(2)
42.0
37.2
43.5
37.9
42.1
44.3
(2)
(2)

40.1
(2)
42.1
37.1
43.3
38.1
42.0
43.3
(2)
(2)

39.9
(2)
42.6
37.3
43.5
38.1
42.2
44.5
(2)
(2)

40.3
(2)
41.7
37.3
43.3
37.9
42.3
44.7
(2)
(2)

Transportation and pvbMc uMlttles

39.4

39.1

39.4

39.3

39.1

39.0

39.2

38.8

39.2

39.0

Whoteeato trade

38.5

38.4

38.3

38.5

38.4

38.2

38.3

38.2

38.1

38.4

nates trade...'

29.9

29.6

30.0

30.3

29.2

29.5

29^4

29.2

29.3

29.6

Fkiafioo, insurance, and real eeteto

36.5

36.4

36.1

36.6

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

32.8

32.6

32.8

33.0

32.4

32.4

32.5

32.5

32.5

32.6

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment

Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

* Data relate to production workers In mining and rnafwifacturing; to conetructlon
workers in construction; and to nonauparvtaory workers in tranepoftatlon and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, Insurance, and real aetata; and services.
These groups account for approximately foer-flftha of the total employees on private
nonagricultural payrolls.




a
This series Is not publlahed seasonally
small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular com)iponenta and coneequentty cannot
be separated with sufficient precision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average houriy and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by Industry
Average hourly •aminos

Total private
Seasonally adjusted

Aug.
1986

June
1987

July
1987 Pi

Aug .
1987

$8.70
8.77

$8.92
8.94

$8.91
8.96

$8.95
9.03

1305.37
304.32

12.51

12.44

12.33

12.42

529.17

•goods
Lumbor and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stons, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic stool products..
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

> footnote 1, table B-2.

Aug.
1986

June
1987

July
1987

Aug .
1987

$312.20
311.11

1311.85
311.81

$315.94
316.05

12.61

12.57

12.68

476.45

480.44

485.20

489.45

9.68

9.87

9.88

9.86

393.98

405.66

401.13

403.27

10.22
8.33
7.50
10.07
11.74
13.61
9.82
10.59
9.64
12.70
13.29

10.42
8.44
7.66
10.29
11.97
13.83
10.00
10.76
9.84
12.88
13.47
9.70
7.74

10.41
8.47
7.71
10.31
12.01
13.84
9.96
10.74
9.89
12.83
13.35
9.74
7.71

10.40
8.54
7.77
10.32
11.95
13.86
9.92
10.73
9.89
12.91
13.43
9.72
7.66

420.04
338.20
300.75
431.00
487.21
560.73
403.60
436.31
394.28
528.32
550.21
383.54
294.39

434.51
348.57
306.40
437.33
517.10
605.75
417.00
455.15
404.42
539.67
567.09
402.55
304.18

426.81
342.19
301.46
438.18
512.83
602.04
406.37
447.86
399.56
527.31
547.35
398.37
297.61

429.52
350.14
310.02
438.60
512.66
593.21
411.68
448.51
403.51
530.60
550.63
404.35
301.04

13.55
6.97
5.83
11.19
10.02
11.99
14.06
8.77
5.92

15.57
7.15
5.91
11.41
10.19
12.27
14.43
8.87
6.04

14.84
7.14
5.89
11.50
10.24
12.36
14.46
8.94
5.97

9 13
8 . 83
1 4 . 13
7, 19
5, 88
11.46
10.28
12.35
14.46
90
05

358.49
351.60
490.51
2S8.56
213.96
483.41
381.76
499.98
624.26
361.32
217.86

367.13
357.29
624.36
303.16
221.03
494.05
384.16
516.57
624.82
370.77
237.37

366.40
354.31
525.34
297.7.4
217.93
496.80
387.07
517.88
646.36
367.43
229.25

367.94
359.38
505.85
301.26
219.32
493.93
391.67
518.70
649.25
369.35
232.32

11.67

11.91

11.99

12.07

459.80

465.68

472.41

474.35

9.32

9.57

9.57

9.63

358.82

367.49

366.53

370.76

rtkMI
hiring

Average weekly •aminos

5.97

6.08

6.07

6.06

178.50

179.97

182.10

183.62

8.34

8.68

8.66

8.79

304.41

315.95

312.63

321.71

8.04

8.35

8.33

8.40

263.71

272.21

273.22

277.20

p • sjfsjiimmBfy«

Table B-4. Hourly Earnings Index for production or noneupervfeory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by Industry
(1*77-100)

Total privets nonfsiifK
Current ooflefs
C o n t e n t (1*77) dowsn
I
i<
I
Ti

*

III
Finance, Insurance, ens

1
2
3
4

Aug.
1986

June
1987

July
1987p

Aug.
1937p

Aug.
1986Aug.
1987

168.
94.
181.
152,
171.
170.
172.
157.

172.6
93.6
182.1
154.1
174.7
174.7
176.4
160.3

172.
93.
182.
153.
175.
175.
176.
160.

173.0
N.A.
182.0
153.9
174.4
175.7
177.5
160.7

2.6
(2)
.1

179,
172,

186.5
179.2

186.4
179.0

187.8
179.7

4.6
4.1

Aug.
1986

Apr.
1987

May
1987

June
1987

July
1987p

Aug.
1987p

July
1987Aug.
1987

169.5
95.2
(4)
152.0
172.7
171.2
(4)
158.6

172.6
94.2
(4)
153.7
175.0
175.2
(4)
159.8

172.9
94.0
(4)
154.1
174.4
176.2
(4)
160.2

172.9
93.8
(4)
155.0
174.7
175.6
(4)
160.3

173.2
93.7
(4)
154.3
174.8
176.2
(4)
160.9

173.9
N.A.
(4)
153.9
175.3
176.6

(4)
161.8

0.4
(3)
(4)
-.3
.3
.2
(4)
.6

(4)
174.6

(4)
179.4

(4)
179.9

(4)
179.9

(4)
180.5

(4)
181.7

(4)
.7

See footnote 1, table B - 2 .
Percent change Is -1.4 percent from July 1986 to July 1 9 8 7 , the latest month a v a i l a b l e .
Percent change Is -.1 percent from June 1987 to July 1 9 8 7 , the latest month a v a i l a b l e .
These series are not seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle
irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
N.A.
Data not available*
p - preliminary.




and/or

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
1

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by industry
(1977=100)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Industry

Total
Goods-producing

Aug.
1986

June
1987

July
Aug.
Aug.
1987 Pi 1987 PI 1986

Apr.
1987

May
1987

June
1987

July
Aug .
1987 P| 1987

120.1

122.1

122.4

123.8

117.6

119.6

120.2

120.0

120.6

100.0

102.1

97.8

98.0

99.2

98.9

99.5

100.3

Mining

83.2

83.7

84.4

86.8

82.6

81.3

83.4

83.5

85.3

146.6

141.1

146.1

148.2

132.0

132.8

134.3

132.6

133.3

133.6

92.2

94.0

91.9

93.9

91.9

92.1

93.1

93.1

93.6

93.7

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products . .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

89.0
102.9
106.6
90.0
59.8
47.5
87
84
100
92
80
101
80

91
106
109
89
64
52
90
87
100
97
86
103.1
82.2

88.5
104.8
105.9
88.6
62 .4
52 .1
86 .6
84.8
97.6
90.9
78.1
100.8
78.1

90.2
106.8
111.0
90
63
51
89
85
99
91
78
102
82

89.9
97.9
106.5
86.3
60
47
88
86
101
97
86.8
102.1
79.7

89
102
105
86
62
49
88
84.8
99.0
96.6
85.6
101.0
79.9

90.
103.
109.
86.
63.
50.
89.
86.
99.
97.
86.
102.
81.

90.5
101.7
109
86
63
51
89
86
99
96
85
102
81

90.5
102.4
111.6
86.1
63.9
52
89
87
100
94
81
103
82

91.1
102.0
111.1
86.3
64.5
51 .9
89.9
87.4
100.3
96.5
84.7
103.5
81.8

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

96.9
106.8
72.9
79.7
84.8
99.
128.
92.
85,
109.
56.

97.8
99.5
72.5
84.4
87.6
101.2
129.8
93.9
85.2
115.7
62.0

96.8
102
63
82
84
100
129
94
87.8
111.8

99
108
68
84,
86
100
131
94,
89
114,
62

95.
98.
72.8
78.8
84.
99.
128.
93.
83.
110,
55.8

95
99
77,
81,
83,
99,
128
93,
82,
112,
57,

97.0
99.6
80.1
82.9
85.8
100.5
130.0
93.7
84.5
114.5
59.5

97
99
76
83
85
100
131
92.8
83.4
114.8

98.2
99.8
72.9
85.4
88.2
100.6
131.6
94.5
84.9
115.3
61.4

97.6
99.7
68.8
82.9
86.5
100.2
131 .1
94.9
86.8
115.9

131.1

133.8

135.8

128.6

131.5

131.9

105.6

109.4

109.5

104.8

107.9

108.5

Construction
Manufacturing

58.6
Service-producing

59.7

134.7
Transportation and public utilities

118.4

118.7

122.2

123.3

119.4

117.5

117.4

117.7

125.9

118.6

121.6

121.2

140.6

138.6

142.0

Services

149.5

142.7
156.3

153.7

146.5

150.3

152.4

151.2

155.1
See footnote 1, table B-2.

141.6

142.5

144.2

1

121.1
120.4

146.1

144.4

117.5
117.6

124.6
Finance, insurance, and real estate

108.9
107.6

118.7
Retail trade

133.2

131.7

109.5
Wholesale trade

61 .1
132.2

151.7

108.6
118.3
122.3
144.0
153.3

p =s preliminary.

Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased
Time
span

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Over
1-month
span

55.9
53.2
53.5

47.0
48.1
56.8

52.4
48.1
58.6

47.3
53.5
58.4

53.2
52.4
58.6

46.8
46.8
55.1

53.8
52.4
p69.5

53.8
56.2
p54.9

47.8
55.1

53.2
53.2

54.3
59.7

57.3
59.7

Over
3-month
span

51.1
49.7
58.6

48.4
44.9
59.5

42.4
45.7
61.1

46.5
48.4
61.6

44.3
47.6
61.4

49.7
45.4
p68.4

47.0
48.4
p65.1

48.6
55.1

45.9
55.9

47.6
58.1

55.1
58.6

56.5
60.3

Over
6-month
span

46.5
47.6
61.9

46.5
47.6
62.7

43.2
43.0
58.9

44.3
43.2
p68.1

44.3
45.4
p65.9

45.1
48.4

43.0
47.3

44.3
53.0

49.2
59.2

49.2
58.9

47.3
57.8

45.9
58.9

44.6
43.2
p62.2

44.1
44.1
p64.6

43.8
46.2

40.8
45.7

41.6
47.8

41.6
49.5

42.2
49.5

42.4
51.6

43.8
54.9

44.3
52.2

44.1
55.1

42.4
56.5

Over
12-month
span

1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1, 3, and 6 month spans, on payrolls of 185
private nonagricultural industries. Data for the 12-month span are unadjusted,
p = preliminary.




NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.) Data are centered within the spans.

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