Full text of The Employment Situation : August 1976

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News f
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Contact:

J. Bregger (202)
K. Hoyle (202)
home:

523-1944
523-1371
523-1913
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Washington, D.C. 20212

#

USDL 76-1190
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS
EMBARGOED UNTIL 10:00 A. M. (EDT), FRIDAY,
SEPTEMBER 3, 1976

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:

AUGUST 1976

Both unemployment and total employment were about unchanged in August, it was
reported today by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U. S. Department of Labor.

The

Nation's unemployment rate was 7.9 percent, little different from the July rate of
7.8 percent but 0.6 percentage point above the 1976 low reached in May.
Total employment—as measured by the monthly survey of households—totaled
88.0 million in August, about the same level as in July.

Since its March 1975 recession

low, employment has grown by 3.9 million, or an average monthly change over the 17-month
span of nearly 230,000.
Nonagricultural payroll employment—as measured by the monthly survey of establishments—rose by 240,000 to 79.4 million.

Payroll jobs were 3.1 million above their

June 1975 recession low, a monthly average gain of 220,000.
Unemployment
Both the number of unemployed persons and the unemployment rate were little changed
in August, after rising in the 2 previous months.

A total of 7.5 million persons

(adjusted for seasonality) were jobless, representing 7.9 percent of the labor force.
(See table A-l.)
Although overall joblessness was essentially unchanged, there were offsetting movements among major labor force groups.

In particular, the unemployment rate for teenagers,

which had been declining gradually since the beginning of the year, rose from 18.1 to
19.7 percent, while there was an improvement in the job situation for adult m e n —
especially among heads of households.
among adult women:

Divergent movements in joblessness were visible

The jobless rate for those 25 years of age and over declined over

the month, while the rate for younger women (20-24 years) increased substantially.
There was also a sizeable rise in the unemployment rate of female family heads.
table A-2.)




(See

Jobless rates for white and black workers, at 7.1 and 13.6 percent, respectively,
were about the same as in July.

However, the rate for black teenagers, which had

dropped substantially in the prior month, returned to the June level.

(See table A-2.)

There was a substantial increase in the number of workers who were seeking their
first job, a reflection of the increased joblessness among teenage and young adult women.
On the other hand, after rising markedly in June and July, there was little change in the

Table A. Highlights of the employment situation (seasonally.adjusted data)
Monthly data

Quarterly averages

1975

Selected categories
•

II

III

1976
IV

I

1976
II

June

July

Aug.

94,643
87,500
48,391
31,845
7,264
7,143

95,333
87,907
48,535
31,958
7,414
7,426

95,487
87,981
48,682
31,988
7,311
7,506

7.4
5.7
7.1
18.7
6.7
12.8
4.9
4.1
7.0

7.5
6.0
7.1
18.4
6.8
13.3
5.1
4.4
7.4

7.8
6.1
7.6
18.1
7.1
12.9
5.4
4.5
7.3

7.9
5.9
7.7
19.7
7.1
13.6
5.2
4.2
7.5

15.8

16.9

15.8

15.5

(Thousands of persons)

92,531
84,443
47,286
30,129
7,029
8,087

Civilian labor force
Total employment
Adult men
Adult women
Teenagers
Unemployment

93,134
85,138
47,551
30,537
7,050
7,997

93,153
85,241
47,540
30,665
7,036
7,912

93,553
86,402
47,998
31,234
7,169
7,151

94,546
87,532
48,504
31,677
7,351
7,014

(Percent of labor force)
Unemployment rates:
All workers
Adult men
Adult women
Teenagers
White
Black and other
Household heads
Married men
Full-time workers

*

8.7
7.0
8.4
20.2
8.0
14.1
6.0
5.5
8.4

8.6
7.0
7.9
20.2
7.9
14.1
5.9
5.4
8.3

8.5
7.0
7.9
19.5
7.8
14.0
5.9
5.1
8.2

7.6
5.7
7.4
19.4
6.9
13.1
5.0
4.1
7.1
(Weeks)

Average duration of
unemployment

13.8

15.6

16.5

16.3

(Thousands of persons)
Nonfarm payroll employment
Goods-producing industries
Service-producing industries

76,438
22,300
54,138

77,004
22,414
54,590

77,642
22,690
54,952

78,392
22,943
55,450

78,943
23,119
55,824

78,943 79,192p
23,091 23,094p
55,852 56,098p

79,431p
23,113p
56,318p

(Hours of work)
Average weekly hours:
Total private nonfarm
Manufacturing
Manufacturing overtime

35.9
39.1
2.4

36.1
39.6
2.7

36.3
40.0
2.9

36.4
40.3
3.1

36.1
39.9
2.9

36.1
40.2
3.1

36.2p
40.2p
3.2p

184.5
108.5

185.6p
108.6p

36.2p
39. 9p
3. Op

(1967 =100)
Hourly Earnings Index, private
nonfarm:
In current dollars
In constant dollars
p= preliminary.




170.7
107.0

174.3
107.0

177.8
107.5

180.6
107.9

183.5
108.4

N.A.=not available.

186.5p
N. A .

- 3 -

number of persons who had lost their last job.

The average (mean) duration of unemployment

also held relatively steady in August at 15.5 weeks.

(See tables A-5 and A-4.)

In addition to the relative stability in total unemployment, there was no change,
for the second consecutive month, in the number of persons working part time for economic
reasons—those who wish to work full time but are on reduced workweeks involuntarily.
(See table A-3.)
Total Employment and the Labor Force
Total employment and the civilian labor force, at 88.0 and 95.5 million, respectively,
were both about^unchanged in August following sizeable increases in July.

A small

increase in employment among adult men was offset by a slight decrease among teenagers.
Total employment now stands 3.9 million above its March 1975 recession low.
Since August 1975, the civilian labor force has risen 2.4 million.

Adult women made

up 1.4 million of this increase, with adult men and teenagers accounting for about
700,000 and 300,000, respectively.

(See table A-l.)

Industry Payroll Employment
An increase of 240,000 jobs in nonagricultural establishments brought the level of
payroll employment to 79.4 million in August, seasonally adjusted.

After remaining about

unchanged during the April-June period, the payroll job count has increased by 500,000
over the past 2 months and by August was 3.1 million above the recession low of June 1975.
Over-the-month increases in employment occurred in about 60 percent of the 17 2 private
nonfarm industries that comprise the BLS index of diffusion.

(See tables B-l and B-6.)

Manufacturing employment, which had shown no growth since April, increased by
85,000 in August, in part due to the settlement of several strikes.

The gain, most of

which occurred in durable goods industries, brought the number of factory jobs 935,000
above its July 1975 cyclical low.
Employment also rose over the month in services (75,000), State and local government
(55,000), and retail trade (45,000).

About half the increase in services was due to the

settlement of the New York City hospital workers1 strike.
Mining payrolls shrank by 40,000 as a result of strikes in the coal industry.
Contract construction employment declined by 25,000, as the industry continued to behave
sluggishly.




- 4 Hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls was unchanged in August at 36.2 hours, seasonally adjusted.

(See table B-2.)

The workweek has remained essentially unchanged for the past 6 months at a level slightly
above the spring 1975 low of 35.9 hours.
Whereas most other industries showed little change over the month, the manufacturing
workweek was down to 39.9 hours but remained 1.1 hours longer than in February 1975.
Most of this decline occurred in the overtime component.
The index of aggregate weekly hours of private nonagricultural production or
nonsupervisory workers was about unchanged in August at 111.0 (1967=100).

Although

increases have slowed since the beginning of this year, the index was 4.8 percent above
its March 1975 recession low.

The factory index, at 94.1, also remained about the same

over the month but was up 8.9 percent from its cyclical low.

(See table B-5.)

Hourly and Weekly Earnings
Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls rose 0.2 percent over the month and 6.8 percent since August 1975
(seasonally adjusted).

Average weekly earnings also rose 0.2 percent in August, reflecting

the small increase in average hourly earnings.

Weekly earnings have risen 6.8 percent

over the past year.
. Before adjustment for seasonality, average hourly earnings were $4.87 in August, up
1 cent from July.

Since August 1975, hourly earnings have risen 31 cents.

earnings increased 36 cents over the month to $178.24.
risen $11.34 since last August.

Weekly

Average weekly earnings have

(See table B-3.)

The Hourly Earnings Index
Thfi Hourly Earnings Index—earnings adjusted for overtime in manufacturing,
seasonality, and the effects of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage and
..vw-wage industries—was 186.5 (1967=100) in August, 0.5 percent higher than in July.
The index was 6.8 percent above August a year ago.

During the 12-month period ended in

July the Hourly Earnings Index in dollars of constant purchasing power rose 1.8 percent.
(See table B- 4.)






- 5 -

This release presents and analyzes statistics from two major surveys. Data on labor force,
total employment, and unemployment are derived from the sample survey of households
conducted and tabulated by .the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau o f Labor Statistics.
Statistics on payroll employment, hours, and earnings are collected by State agencies from
payroll records of employers and are tabulated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Unless
otherwise indicated, data for both series relate to the week o f the specified month containing the 12th day. A description of the two surveys appears in the BLS publication

Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the noninstitutional population
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status

Seasonally adjusted

Aug.

July

Aug.

Aug.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

1975

1976

1976

1975

1976

1976

1976

1976

1976

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population1
Total labor force
Participation rate
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

153,824
96,493
62.7
151,639
94,308
62.2
86,612
3,886
82,726
7,696
8.2
57,331

156,142
99,325
63.6
154,002
97,185
63.1
89,608
3,931
85,677
7,577
7.8
56,817

156,367
98,837
63.2
154,220
96,690
62.7
89,367
3,842
85,525
7,323
7.6
57,530

153,824
95,397
62.0
151,639
93,212
61.5
85,288
3,464
81,824
7,924
8.5
58,427

155,516
96,583
62.1
153,371
94,439
61.6
87,399
3,417
83,982
7,040
7.5
58,932

155,711
96,699
62.1
153,570
94,557
61.6
87,697
3,329
84,368
6,860
7.3
59,013

155,925
96,780
62.1
153,788
94,643
61.5
87,500
3,294
84,206
7,143
7.5
59,145

156,142
97,473
62.4
154,002
95,333
61.9
87,907
3,341
84,566
7,426
7.8
58,669

156,367
97,634
62.4
154,220
95,487
61.9
87,981
3,424
84,557
7,506
7.9
58,733

65,234
53,121
81.4
63,498
51,385
80.9
48,250
2,579
45,671
3,136
6.1
12,113

66,279
53,760
81.1
64,586
52,068
80.6
49,143
2,596
46,547
2,925
5.6
12,518

66,384
53,765
81.0
64,688
52,068
80.5
49,307
2,531
46,776
2,761
5.3
12,619

65,234
52,866
81.0
63,498
51,130
80.5
47,655
2,461
45,194

66,002
53,010
80.3
64,311
51,319
79.8
48,524

3,475
6.8
12,368

2,405
46,119
2,795
5.4
12,992

66,087
53,144
80.4
64,398
51,455
79.9
48,596
2,427
46,169
2,859
5.6
12,943

66,182
53,144
80.3
64,492
51,454
79.8
48,391
2,430
45,961
3,063
6.0
13,038

66,279
53,387
80.5
64,586
51,694
80.0
48,535
2,449
46,086
3,159
6.1
12,892

66,384
53,436
80.5
64,688
51,740
80.0
48,682
2,415
46,267
3,058
5.9
12,948

71,839
32,663
45.5
29,925
628
29,298
2,738
8.4
39,176

72,966
33,769
46.3
31,126
632
30,494
2,643
7.8
39,196

73,078
34,058
46.6
31,288
633
30,656
2,770
8.1
39,020

71,839
33,227
46.3
30,607
542
30,065
2,620
7.9
3 8 , 6 12

72,653
34,019
46.8
31,523
540
30,983
2,496
7.3
38,634

72,753
33,972
46.7
31,664
473
31,191
2,308
6.8
38,781

72,857
34,290
47.1
31,845
479
31,366
2,445
7.1
38,567

72,966
34,583
47.4
31,958
488
31,470
2,625
7.6
38,383

73,078
34,639
47.4
31,988
546
31,442
2,651
7.7
38,439

16,302
10,259
63.8
8,437
680
7,757
1,823
17.8
6,042

16,450
11,348
69.0
9,339
704
8,635
2,008
17.7
5,102

16,454
10,563
64.2
8,772
679
8,093
1,791
17.0
5,891

16,302
8,855
54.3
7,026
461
6,565
1,829
20.7
7,447

16,407
9,101
55.5
7,352
472
6,880
1,749
19.2
7,306

16,419
9,130
55.6
7,437
429
7,008
1,693
18.5
7,289

16,439
8,899
54.1
7,264
385
6,879
1,635
18.4
7,540

16,450
9,056
55.1
7,414
404
7,010
1,642
18.1
7,394

16,454
9,108
55.4
7,311
463
6,848
1,797
19.7
7,346

133,760
83,417
62.4
77,217
6,201
7.4
50,343

135,643
85,850
63.3
79,856
5,993
7.0
49,793

135,822
85,453
62.9
79,604
5,849
6.8
50,369

133,760
82,556
61.7
76,130
6,426
7.8
51,204

135,141
83,451
61.8
77,867
5,584
6.7
51,690

135,296
83,642
61.8
78,087
5,555
6.6
51,654

135,473
83,805
61.9
78,120
5,685
6.8
51,668

135,643
84,359
62.2
78,341
6,018
7.1
51,284

135,822
84,503
62.2
78,468
6,035
7.1
51,319

17,879
10,891
60.9
9,396
1,495
13.7
6,988

18,359
11,335
61.7
9,752
1,584
14.0
7,024

18,398
11,237
61.1
9,763
1,474
13.1
7,161

17,879
10,659
59.6
9,134
1,525
14.3
7,220

18,230
10,901
59.8
9,489
1,412
13.0
7,329

18,273
10,838
59.3
9,511
1,327
12.2
7,435

18,315
10,826
59.1
9,382
1,444
13.3
7,489

18,359
10,867
59.2
9,466
1,401
12.9
7,492

18,398
11,003
59.8
9,505
1,498
13.6
7,395

Males, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population 1
Total labor force
Participation rate
Civilian noninstitutional population'
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Females, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
BLACK AND OTHER
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

1

Seasonal variations are not present in the population figures; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Selected categories

Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)

illMIViplOYIMIIt fllN

Aug.
1975

Aug.
1976

Aug.
1975

Apr.
1976

Hay
1976

June
1976

July
1976

Aug.
. 1976

7,924
3,475
2,620
1,829

7,506
3,058
2,651
1,797

8.5
6.8
7.9
20.7

7.5
5.4
7.3 .
19.2

7.3
5.6
6.8
18.5

7.5
6.0
7.1
18.4

7.8
6.1
7.6
18.1

7.9
5.9
7.7
19.7

White, total
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years

6,426
2,873
2,070
1,483

6,035
2,539
2,085
1,411

7.8
6.3
7.2
18.7

6.7
4.9
6.7
16.6

6.6
5.1
6.3
16.3

6.8
5.4
6.5
16.1

7.1
5.7
6.9
16.3

7.1
5.5
7.0
17.3

Black and other, total
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years

1,525
618
554
353

1,498
535
570
393

14.3
11.6
12.6
37.6

13.0
10.0
10.9
39.2

12.2
9.2
10.4
38.5

13.3
10.7
11.3
40.3

12.9
10.3
11.7
34.1

13.6
9.9
12.3
40.2

Household heads, total
Males
With relatives
Without relatives
Females
With relatives
Without relatives

3,062
2,416
2,059
357
626
416
210

2,792
2,054
1,662
392
693
466
227

5.7
5.4
5.1
7.9
7.5
10.3
4.9

4.8
4.5
3.9
9.3
6.9
9.3
4.7

4.8
4.4
4.0
8.1
6.3
8.6
4.1

5.1
4.8
4.3
8.9
6.7
9.2
4.4

5.4
4.9
4.5
8.6
7.7
10.0
5.5

5.2
4.5
4.1
8.1
8.0
11.1
5.1

Married men, spouse present
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

2,096
6,466
1,445
2,878

1,687
6,059
1,437
2,387

5.2
8.1
10.3
3.1
8.9

3.9
7.0
10.7
2.2
8.2

4.0
6.8
10.2
2.1
8.1

4.4
7.4
9.0
2.3
7.7

4.5
7.3
10.7
2.4
7.9

4.2
7.5
9.9
2.5
8.2

4.6
3.0
3.0
5.8
6.5
11.9
8.5
13.3 .
16.2
9.2
3.7

4.8
3.4
2.8
4.9
7.0
9.0
7.0
9.3
13.2
8.1
4.8

4.6
3.2
3.2
4.8
6.4
9.0
6.2
9.5
14.0
8.1
5.0

4.4
2.9
3.1
5.1
6.1
9.3
7.3
9.8
12.7
8.6
4.1

4.8
3.1
3.5
5.4
6.7
9.6
7.4
10.1
13.2
8.5
4.5

5.0
3.1
3.5
5.9
7.0
9.8
7.0
10.3
14.8
8.5
3.5

Total, 16 years and over
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over
Both sexes. 16-19 years

—

—

OCCUPATION3
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers

2,074
399
281
341
1,053
3,792
1,032
1,968
792
1,190
114

' 2,283
433
339
345
1,166
3,125
846
1,529
750
1,146
106

6,239
895
2,333
1,483
850
270
1,518
1,178
622
159

5,641
782
1,733
966
767
224
1,606
1,266
704
151

9.3
19.7
11.1
12.0
9.8
5.6
8.9
6.2
4.0
10.5

7.6
15.3
7.6
7.7
7.6
4.1
8.3
6.2
5.0
11.6

7.6
14.1
7.3
7.4
7.3
5.3
8.1
6.4
4.8
13.1

7.8
17.0
7.6
7.5
7.7
5.2
8.2
6.3
4.2
10.9

8.0
17.7
7.8
7.3
8.4
5.2
8.5
6.4
4.5
12.4

8.2
17.1
8.2
7.7
8.9
4.7
9.0
6.5
4.4
10.0

30 to 34 years

568
183
268
117

465
142
205
118

9.3
18.1
8.2
6.4

6.7
14.7
6.2
3.7

7.3
14.7
6.6
5.1

8.8
19.6
7.9
5.5

8.4
20.0
6.8
5.7

7.4
15.4
6.8
5.0

Males, nonveterans:
20 to 34 years
20 to 24 yean
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years

1,419
894
352
173

1,331
759
392
180

9.9
13.9
8.3
4.7

7.9
10.8
6.0
5.0

7.9
10.9
6.0
4.8

7.8
10.5
6.4
4.9

8.7
10.9
8.3
5.3

8.8
11.4
8.1
5.0

Blue-collar workers
Operatives

'

Farm workers

.

INDUSTRY 3
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers 4
Construction
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
VETERAN STATUS
Males. Vietnam-era veterans5:
20 to 34 years
2D to 24 yean

Unemployment rate calculated as a percent of civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
Unemployment by occupation includes all experienced unemployed persons, whereas that by industry covers only unemployed wage and salary workers.
Includes mining, not shown separately.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served between August 5,1964, and April 30,1975.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Selected employment indicators
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Selected categories

Total employed, 16 years and over
Males
Females
Household heads
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present

Seasonally adjusted

Aug.
19175

Aug.
1976

Aug.
1975

Apr.
1976

May
1976

June
1976

July
1976

Aug.
1976

86,612

89,367

85,288

87,399

87,697

87,500

87,907

87,981

52,915
33,696
50,524
38,238
19,023

54,196
35,171
51,272
38,466
19,831

51,446
33,842
50,437
38,012
19,603

52,490
34,909
51,165
38,205
20,073

52,554
35,143
51,200
38,215
20,280

52,243
35,257
51,163
38,090
20,337

52,501
35,406
51,054
38,147
20,399

52,655
35,326
51,170
38,237
20,444

42,224
12,418
9,107
5,563
15,136
29,239
11,445
13,176
4,619
11,784
3,364

43,441
12,981
9,421
5,593
15,446
30,180
11,656
13,658
4,866
12,452
3,295

42,536
12,944
8,970
5,521
15,101
27,968
11,051
12,807
4,110
11,676
3,008

43,433
13,004
9,387
5,488
15,554
29,110
11,161
13,508
4,441
11,858
2,922

43,792
13,262
9,200 1
5,562
15,768
29,115
11,268
13,514
4,333
11,981
2,833

43,763
13,439
9,257
5,512
15,555
29,166
11,238
13,690
4,238
12,028
2,802

43,481
13,297
9,179
5,435
15,570
29,279
11,372
13,530
4,377
12,185
2,878

43,782
13,536
9,282
5,549
15,415
28,853
11,251
13,273
4,329
12,325
2,951

1,602
1,769
515

1,604
1,776
462

1,361
1,702
397

1,388
1,641
394

1,286
1,672
359

1,299
1,670
341

1,301
1,695
340

1,363
1,709
356

76,554
1,375
14,164
61,015
5,687
486

79,341
1,409
14,658
63,274
5,719
464

75,711
1,366
14,805
59,540
5,633
457

77,834
1,351
14,796
61,687
5,608
463

78,134
1,294
14,850
61,990
5,778
460

78,098
1,415
14,894
• 61,789
5,657
451

78,390
1,436
14,988
61,966
5,649
432

. 78,469
1,401
15,317
61,751
5,662
436

71,939
60,319
3,895
1,535
2,360
7,725

74,350
62,683
3,682
1,384
2,298
7,985

76,323
62,198
3,234
1,436
1,798
10,891

77,413
63,708
3,248
1,342
1,906
10,457

79,056
64,947
3,382
1,457
1,925
10,727

79,497
64,860
3,080
1,307
1,773
11,557

79,189
65,259
3,012
1,259
1,753
10,918

78,931
64,622
3,047
1,295
1,752
11,262

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except form
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farmworkers

,

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Private households
Government
Other
a
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
PERSONS AT WORK 1
Nonagricultural industries
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Usually work full time
Usually work part time
Part time for noneconomic reasons

1

*

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial disputes.

Table A-4. Duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Weeks of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

*

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

Aug.
1975

Aug.
1976

Aug.
1975

Apr.
1976

May
1976

June
1976

July
1976

Aug.
1976

2,668
2,548
2,481

2,738
2,526
2,058

2,758
2,449
2,878

2,979
1,883
2,035

2,855
1,947
1,998

2,618
2,261
2,215

2,951
2,028
2,317

2,829
2,427
2,387

998
1,482

785
1,274

1,431
1,447

669
1,366

830
1,168

914
1,301

1,116
1,201

1,143
1,244

15.2

15.2

15.5

15.7

15.0

16.9

15.8

15.5

100.0
34.7

100.0
37.4

33.1
32.2

34.5
28.1

100.0
34.1
30.3
35.6

100.0
43.2
27.3
29.5

100.0
42.0
28.6
29.4

100.0
36.9
31.9
31.2

100.0
40.4
27.8
31.8

100.0
37.0
31.8
31.2

13.0
19.3

10.7
17.4

17.7
17.9

9.7
19.8

12.2
17.2

12.9
18.3

15.3
16.5

15.0
16.3

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than S weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Reasons for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]

Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Reason

Aug.
1975

Aug.
1976

Aug.
1975

Apr.

4,016
848
1,877
955

3,308
1,080
1,939
997

100.0
52.2
11.1
24.4
12.4

4.3
.9
2.0
1.0

1976

May
1976

June
1976

July
1976

Aug.
1976

4,588
792
1,873
909

3,499
831
1,833
894

3,461
881
1,781
856

3,623
882
1,795
805

3,843
964
1,856
795

3,781
1,008
1,935
951

100.0
45.2
14.7
26.5
13.6

100.0
56.2
9.7
22.9
11.1

100.0
49.6
11.8
26.0
12.7

100.,0
49.,6
12..6
25.,5
12.,3

100.,0
51.,0
12.,4
25..3
11.,3

100.,0
51.,5
12.,9
24.,9
10.,7

100.0
49.3
13.1
25.2
12.4

3.4
1.1
2.0
1.0

4.9
.8
2.0
1.0

3.7
.9
1.9
.9

3..7
.9
1.,9
,9

3.,8
,9
1.,9
,9

4.,0
1.,0
1.,9
,8

4.0
1.1
2.0
1.0

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Lost last job
Left last job
Reentered labor force
Seeking first job . . . .

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed . . .
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants . . . .

, UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

Table A-6. Unemployment by sex and age
Seasonally adjusted unemployment rates

Not seasonally adjusted
Thousands of persons
Sex and age

Percent
looking for
full-time
work
Aug.

Aug.

Aug.

Aug.

Apr.

1976

1976

1975

1976

May
1976

June
1976

July
1976

Aug.

1975
7,696
1,823
820
1,002
1,836
4,037
3,429
608

7,323
1,791
833
958
1,682
3,850
3,225
625

81.4
64.5
42.3
83.8
89.7
85.7
87.7
75.5

8.5
20.7
22.8
19.4
13.4
6.0
6.4
4.7

7.5
19.2
20.8
18.2
.11.8
5.1
5.3
4.6

7.3
18.5
21.9
16.4
11.1
5.0
5.3
4.2

7.5
18.4
-21.5
15.6
11.4
5.5
5.7
4.7

7.S
18.1
20.8
15.9
11.2
5.9
6.1
4.8

7.9
19.7
22.5
18.0
11.8
5.6
5.8
4.8

Males, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4,102
967
439
528
1,002
2,133
1,782
351

3,650
888
430
458
838
1,924
1,570
354

86.5
64.6
43.7
84.3
93.9
93.3
95.7
83.1

8.0
20.8
22.9
19.5
14.5
5.5
5.9
4.5

6.7
20.1
21.5
19.1
11.2
4.5
4.6
4.4

6.8
19.4
23.1
16.9
11.3
4.4
4.5
4.4

7.0
18.5
21.3
15.9
11.7
5.0
5.1
4.8

7.2
18.4
21.0
16.4
11.9
5.1
5.4
4.2

7.0
18.8
21.8
16.7
11.8
4.9
5.1
4.5

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

3,594
856
381
475
833
1,904
1,647
258

3,673
903 .
403
500
844
1,926
1,655
271

76.4
64.2
40.7
83.4
85.4
78.1
80.2
65.3

9.3
20.5
22.6
19.3
12.0
6.8
7.4
5.1

8.5
18.1
19.9
17.1
12.6
6.1
6.5
4.9

8.0
17.5
20.5
15.9
10.8
6.0
6.4
4.0

8.3
18.2
21.6
15.3
11.0
6.3
6.7
4.5

8.7
17.8
20.7
15.3
10.4
7.1
7.3
5.8

9.1
20.8
23.3
19.5
11.8
6.6
7.0
5.2

Total. 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over




,

1976

*

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

TOTAL

June
1976

Aug.
1975

Seasonally adjusted

July
1976 P

Aug.
1976 ^

Aug.
1975

Apr.
1976

May
1976

June
1976

July
1976

Aug.
1976

76, 9 0 0

79, 8 0 5

7 8, 9 0 0

79, 2 8 0

77, 0 2 3

78, 9 6 3

78, 9 2 3

7 8, 9 4 3

79, 1 9 2

79, 43-1

22,901

23, 4 3 5

23, 2 0 2

23, 5 8 6

22, 4 1 8

23, 144

23, 123

23, 091

23, 0 9 4

23, 113

763

795

804

763

749

772

773

779

788

749

3, 6 8 8

3, 5 2 3

3, 5 7 8

3, 6 1 0

3,415

3, 3 9 9

3, 3 8 6

3, 3 6 2

3, 3 6 9

3, 3 4 3

MANUFACTURING
Production workers

18, 4 5 0
13, 1 8 0

19, 1 1 7
13, 7 7 4

18, 8 2 0
13,473

19, 2 1 3
13, 8 3 9

18, 2 5 4
13,011

18, 9 7 3
13, 6 6 8

18, 9 6 4
13,656

18, 9 5 0
13, 6 3 0

18, 9 3 7
13, 6 1 0

19, 0 2 1
13, 6 7 9

DURABLE GOODS
Production workers

10, 5 9 2
7, 4 6 8

11, 1 6 2
7, 9 9 4

10, 9 5 8
7, 7 9 0

11, 1 2 6
7, 9 3 8

10, 5 6 3
7, 4 5 0

11, 0 0 0
7, 8 5 8

11, 0 4 6
7, 9 0 0

11, 0 4 6
7, 8 9 0

11, 0 3 5
7, 8 7 7

11, 1 0 3
7, 9 3 4

161
597
492
624
1, 1 8 1
1, 3 8 9
2, 0 5 4
1, 8 2 8

161
600
495
626
1, 1 8 7

416. 0

158
602
490
627
1, 1 9 7
1, 3 8 8
- 2, 0 6 5
ls 8 3 3
1, 7 4 7
512
42 7

157
604
490
630
1, 2 0 3
1, 3 8 6
2, 0 7 5

519. 1
4 2 7. 3

167
563
452
610
1, 1 4 8
1, 3 3 1
2, 0 1 3
1, 7 4 7
1, 6 4 5
481
406

1, 8 1 9
' 1, 7 3 5
512
424

156
605
486
629
1, 2 0 9
1, 4 0 4
2, 0 8 9
1, 8 5 0
1, 7 4 3
516
416

7, 8 6 2
5, 6 8 3

8, 0 8 7
5, 9 0 1

7, 6 9 1
5, 5 6 1

7, 9 7 3
5, 8 1 0

7, 9 1 8
5, 7 5 6

7, 9 0 4
5, 7 4 0

7, 9 0 2
5, 7 3 3

7, 9 1 8
5, 7 4 5

1, 6 8 8
78
918
1, 2 4 5

1, 7 1 2
75
973
1, 3 1 5
678

1, 7 1 6
74

1, 7 1 3
80
965
1, 3 0 8

1, 7 2 6
76
971
1, 3 0 6

199
588
256

1, 7 0 7
75
972
1, 3 1 7
674
1, 0 7 7
1, 0 3 3
204
634
2 80

679
1, 0 7 9
1, 0 3 3
202
571
272

679
1, 0 8 0
1, 0 3 4
202
577
267

GOODS-PRODUCING
MINING
CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION

Ordnance and accessories
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products . . . .
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products . .
Miscellaneous manufacturing
NONDURABLE GOODS
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products.
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and plastics products, nec. .
Leather and leather products

157. 5
622. 8
493. 8
640o 8
1, 2 1 5 . 1
1, 4 0 0 o 9
2, 0 8 1 . 8
1, 7 4 0 . 3 ; 1, 8 4 2 . 3
1, 7 6 0 . 8
1, 6 3 6 . 8
515. 3
483. 8
430. 8
417. 0

167.
5 83 0
457.
624.
1, 1 4 7 .
1, 3 3 2 .
2, 0 0 0 .

4
9
4
9
8
0
6

7, 8 5 8
5, 7 1 2

7, 9 5 5
5, 7 8 0

156. 5
622. 8
480. 8
642. 3
1, 2 0 7 . 4
1, 3 7 3 . 1
2, 0 6 2 . 5
1, 8 0 7 . 6
1, 6 7 7 . 4
511. 3

156.
627.
491o
644.
1, 2 0 9 .
1, 4 0 5 .
2, 0 7 6 .
1, 8 4 2 .
1, 7 2 5 .

8
4
9
9
3
2
6
3
4

1, 8 4 4 . 8
1, 7 4 8 . 9.
82. 3
73. 2
951. 9
976. 7
1, 3 1 6 . 8
1, 2 5 1 . 6
685. 3
678. 9
1, 0 7 5 . 3 . 1, 0 7 7 . 7
1, 0 4 2 . 4
1, 0 4 1 . 6
207. 3
207. 0
581. 1
567. 1
.266. 0
273. 2

1, 7 3 9
510
425

1,
2,
1,
1,

391
064
833
74 8
512
429

l,'069 e 5
1, 0 1 5 . 8
2 04. 6
592.4
262. 6

1, 7 0 7 . 4
67. 7
981. 3
1, 3 3 1 . 0
684. 7
1, 0 7 7 . 8
1, 0 3 6 . 2
205. 7
580. 0
2 82. 7

279

969
1, 3 1 5
677
1, 0 7 6
1, 0 2 7
202
573
275

53, 9 9 9

56, 3 7 0

55, 6 9 8

55, 6 9 4

54, 6 0 5

55, 8 1 9

55, 8 0 0

55, 8 5 2

56, 0 9 8

56, 3 1 8

4, 4 9 3

4, 5 3 1

4, 5 3 2

4, 5 2 2

4, 4 6 6

4, 5 1 0

4, 4 9 8

4, 4 7 7

4, 4 9 2

4, 4 9 5

16, 9 5 9

17, 5 5 2

17, 5 0 9

17, 5 5 3

17, 0 1 6

1 7, 4 4 4

17, 4 3 9

17, 4 6 0

17, 5 5 9

17, 6 1 2

4, 1 9 2
12, 7 6 7

4, 2 8 0
13, 2 7 2

4, 2 9 2
13, 2 1 7

4, 3 0 2
13, 2 5 1

4, 1 5 9
12, 8 5 7

4, 2 5 5
13, 1 8 9

4, 2 6 2
13, 1 7 7

4, 2 5 4
13, 2 0 6

4, 2 6 2
13, 2 9 7

4, 2 6 8
13, 3 4 4

4, 2 7 3

4, 3 4 4

4, 3 6 5

4, 3 6 8

4, 2 1 8

4, 2 9 3

4, 2 7 8

4, 2 9 7

4, 3 0 0

4, 3 1 2

SERVICES

14, 1 6 2

14, 7 7 5

14, 7 7 8

14, 8 1 2

14, 0 5 0

14, 4 9 8

14, 5 1 4

14, 5 5 7

14, 6 1 7

14, 6 9 4

GOVERNMENT

14, 1 1 2

15, 1 6 8

14, 5 1 4

14, 4 3 9

14, 8 5 5

15, 0 7 4

15, 0 7 1

15, 0 6 1

15, 1 3 0

15,205

2, 7 7 5
11, 3 3 7

2, 7 5 8
12, 4 1 0

2, 7 7 5
11, 7 3 9

2, 7 5 8
11, 6 8 1

2, 7 5 6
12, 0 9 9

2, 7 3 0
12, 3 4 4

2, 7 2 7
12, 3 4 4

2, 7 2 5
12, 3 3 6

2, 7 2 1
12, 4 0 9

2, 7 3 9
12, 4 6 6

SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE . .
WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

FEDERAL
STATE AND LOCAL

p=preliminary.




1, 8 0 4 .
85.
923.
1, 2 5 5 .
644.

1
1
4
1
9

639
1, 0 7 2
1, 0 0 8

1, 0 7 9
1, 0 3 1
203
573

ESTABLISHMENT

DATA

ESTABLISHMENT

DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls, by industry

Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

TOTAL PRIVATE
MINING

Aug.
1975

June
1976

Seasonally adjusted

July
1976p

Aug.
1976p

Aug,
1975

Apr.
1976

May
1976

June
1976

July
1976P

Aug.
1976 p

36. 6

36. 4

36. 6

36. 6

36. 2

36. 1

36. 2

36. 1

36. 2

36. 2

42. 0

42. 8

43. 0

40. 0

41. 8

42. 6

42. 5

42. 3

42. 8

39. 8

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION

37. 8

37. 9

37. 9

38. 0

36. 7

37. 5

37. 2

37. 1

36. 8

36. 9

MANUFACTURING
Overtime hours

39. 7
2. 9

40. 4
3. 2

40. 0
3. 1

39. 9
3. 1

39. 7
2. 8

39. 4
2. 5

40. 2
3. 2

40. 2
3. 1

40. 2
3. 2

39. 9
3. 0

DURABLE GOODS
Overtime hours

39. 9
2. 7

41. 1
3. 4

40. 5
3. 1

40. 5
3. 2

40. 2
2. 7

39. 7
2. 5

40. 9
3. 3

40. 8
3. 3

40. 8
3. 2

40. 8
3. 2

41.
40.
39.
41.
41.
41.
41.
40.
42.
40.
38.

2
6
0
7
3
3
2
3
8
5
7

40.4
40. 3
38. 3
41. .3
41. 1
40. 6
40. 6
39. 5
42. 0
40. 1
38. 4

40.
40.
39.
41.
41.
41.
40.
39.
40.
40.
38.

41.
39.
38.
40.
39.
40.
40.
39.
41.
39.
38.

40.
40.
38.
41.
40.
40.
41.
40.
42.
40.
38.

41.
39.
38.
41.
41.
40.
41.
40.
42.
40.
38.

1
8
6
2
1
9
1
1
4
5
6

40. 8
40. 4
38. 6
41. 1
41. 3
40. 8
41. 2
40. 1
42. 0
40. 6
38. 7

40. 3
40. 5
38. 7
40. 7
41. 4
41. 1
41. 2
39. 9
41. 4
40. 6
38. 5

39. 5
3. 1

39. 4
3. 0

39. 2
3. 0

39. 2
2. 9

39. 3
2. 9

38. 7
2. 6

39. 5
3. 1

39. 2
2. 9

39. 1
3. 0

39. 0
2. 7

41.
38.
40.
35.
42.
37.
40.
41.
40.
38.

40.
38.
40.
35.
42.
37.
41.
42.
40.
37.

2
2
7
9
6
5
6
2
5
8

40. 5
33. 8
40. 0
35.6
42. 3
37. 6
41. 4
42. 6
39. 8
37. 5

40. 6
36. 4
39. 8
35. 4
42. 5
37. 7
41. 1
42. 2
39. 8
36. 7

40.
37.
40.
35.
42.
37.
41.
41.
40.
38.

40.
39.
39.
34.
41.
37.
41.
42.
39.
37.

40. 2
38. 4
40. 7
35. 9
42. 8
37. 5
41. 6
42. 2
40. 7
38. 1

40. 0
38. 4
40. 3
35. 9
42. 5
37. 4
41. 4
41. 9
40. 3
37. 1

40.
34.
40.
35.
42.
37.
41.
42.
40,
37.

1
5
2
5
3
6
5
1
2
1

40. 0
35.9
39.6
35. 0
42. 2
37. 5
41. 3
42. 2
39. 8
36.6

39. 9

40. 0

40. 3

40. 2

39. 5

40. 0

39. 6

39. 8

39. 8

39. 8

34. 6

33. 9

34. 5

34. 5

33. 8

33. 9

33. 8

33. 6

33. 6

33. 7

38. 7
33. 4

38. 9
32. 4

39. 3
33. 0

. 39. 3
33. 0

38. 6
32. 3

38. 9
32. 5

38. 9
32. 3

38. 7
32. 0

39. 1
31. 9

39. 2
31. 9

FINANCE, INSURANCE, A N D
REAL ESTATE

36. 4

36. 6

36. 7

37. 0

36. 3

36. 6

36. 8

36. 6

36. 6

36.9

SERVICES

34. 3

33. 6

34. 0

33. 9

33. 8

33. 5

33. 7

33. 4

33. 4 j

33. 4

Ordnance and accessories
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products. . . .
Miscellaneous manufacturing
NONDURABLE GOODS
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and plastics products, nec . . .
Leather and leather products

41.
39.
38.
41.
39.
40.
40.
39.
40.
39.
38.

0
8
8
1
6
0
4
5
0
3
3

3
2
6
9
4
2
9
0
1
2

T R A N S P O R T A T I O N A N D PUBLIC
UTILITIES
WHOLESALE A N D R E T A I L T R A D E
WHOLESALE T R A D E
RETAIL T R A D E

1

1
8
2
1
1
1
8
8
2
4
6

'

2
5
3
7
9
0
8
6
2
5
2

7
6
4
5
1
1
1
0
1
0

39.
40.
38.
41.
40.
39.
40.
39.
40.
39.
38.

6
0
4
0
4
6
2
2
6
6
0

0
0
0
9
8
1
5
2
4
5

8
1
9
3
9
9
1
2
2
8
7

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing: to construction workers in contract construction: and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; whole-

sale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonagricultural payrolls.
p=preliminary.




ESTABLISHMENT

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

DATA

Table B 3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonagricultural payrolls, by industry
Average hourly earnings
Industry

Aug.
1975

Seasonally adjusted

$166. 90
165. 43

6. 32*

6. 37

6. 21

. 248. 64

7. 60

7. 68

7. 70

4. 82

5. 15

5. 19

5. 16

5. 53

5. 55

5. 28
4. 39
3. 78
4. 96
6.29
5. 10
5. 39
4. 60
6. 01
4. 57
3. 79

5. 64
4. 76
3.96
5. 30
6. 77
5. 44
5. 72
4.84
6. 52
4.83
3.99

5. 72
4. 82
3. 97
5. 34
6.83
5. 42
5. 74
4.88
6. 48
4.87
4. 03

4. 36

4. 62

4. 68

4. 58
4. 32
3. 38
3. 16
5. 10
5. 45
5. 44
6. 55
4. 39
3.21

4. 94
4.92
5. 23
4.99
3. 72
3. 59
3. 39
3. 40
5. 47
5. 39
5. 65 1 5. 67
5. 84
5.91
7. 12
7. 11
4. 40
4. 38
3. 41
3. 43

6.05

6. 42

j

6. 45

3.96

1

3.97

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
Ordnance and accessorirs
Lumber and wood products
Fum ture and fixtures
Stom.\ clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

NONDURABLE GOODS
F )od and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and plasties products, nec
Leather and leather product?

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

i
|
1
1
|

Aug.
1975
$4. 87
4.88

5. 92

MINING

Average weekly earnings

July DP
1976
$4. 86
4. 87

$4.56
4. 57

TOTAL PRIVATE

June.
1976

3. 76

i

$4.84
4. 84

i

June
1976

July p
1976 P

$176.18 $177.88
174. 72 176.29

ftfeP

; $178.24
| 176.66

270. 50

273.91 |

248.40

274. 81 |

288.04

291- 07 |

292.60

5. 20

191. 35

208.06

207.60 !

207.48

5. 57

227.28

224.78 J

225.59

5. 75
4. 86
4. 03
5. 35
6.91
5. 48
5. 79
4.88
6. 53
4. 88
4. 03

205. 88 |
j
I
J l t > . •V. !
174. 72 i
146. 66 |
203. 86 ,
249. 08
204.00
217. 76
181. 70
240. 40
179- 60
145.16

232.37
193.26
154.44
221.01
279-60
224. 67
235.66
195. 05
279-06
195. 62
154. 41

231.09
194. 25
152. 05
220.54
280. 71
220.05
233.04
192. 76
272. 16
195. 29
154.75

230.58
198.29
157.98 "
219-89
284.00
225.23
236.23
194. 22
262.51
197.15
155. 56

4. 68

172. 22

182. 03

183. 46

183. 46

189-15
165. 02
137. 23
113., 44
216 . 24
202.. 74
222,. 5011
268. 55
176. 04 !!
122. 62

197.78
199-79
146. 11
122. 06
229-61
211.88
242. 94
300.04
177.39
129-65

200.07
168.66
148. 80
120.68 !
231. 38
213. 19
244. 67
303.31
175. 12
127.88

198.94
174.72
148. 85
120.71
234.60
214. 51
242. 49
300. 04
175.52
126.62

6. 49

241. 40

256.80

259-94

260.90

3. 96

130. 10

134. 24

136.97

136.62

203. 18 1
117.15

203.18
116.16

4.
4.
3.
3.
5.
5.
5.
7.
4.
3.

90
80
74
41
52
69
90
11
41
45

1
1

1

j
1
1
|
!

4.93
3. 35

5. 14
3. 53

!
!
j

5. 17
3. 55

5. 17
3. 52

190.,79
111.,89

199.95
114. 37

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE

4. 15

4. 34

!
j

4. 36

4. 40

151,.06

158.84

160.01

162.80

SERVICES

4. 03

4. 34

1
i

4. 32

4. 35

138 . 23

145. 82

146. 88

147. 47

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

1
See footnote 1, table B-2.
p=preliminary.




i
j

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4.
Hourly earnings index for production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls, by -industry division, seasonally adjusted
[1967=100]
Percent change from

Industry

Aug.
1975

Mar.
1976

Apr.
1976

Hay
1976

June
1976

July p
1976

Aug. P
1976

Aug. 1975Aug. 1976

July 1976Aug. 1976

174,,6
107,.3
186,,2
176,,7
173,.3
186,.2
170,.5
163,,0
177..1

181.,4
108. 2
194. 8
183,,4
180,,7
194. 8
174. 9
168. 3
185.,2

182.,2
108..3
195.,9
183,,2
181.,8
195.,5
175.,7
169..0
186,.5

183. 7
108. 5
197. 6
185. 1
182. 4
198. 5
177. 3
170. 4
188. 2

184.,5
108.,5
197.,7
185.,8
183.,6
199. 4
177. 5
170. 0
189. 3

185.6
108.6
199.1
188.3
185.2
199.5
178.8
170.7
189.0

186,.5
N,.A.
202,,1
186,.9
186,,3
200,,0
178,.9
173,.4
191..2

6,,8
(2)
8,,6
5,.7
7,.5
7,.4
4,,9
6,.3
7,,9

0,.5
(3)
1,.5
.8
.6
,3
,1
1,.5
1, ,2

TOTAL PRIVATE NONFARM:
Current dollars
Constant (1967) dollars
MINING
CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE
SERVICES
1

See footnote 1, table B-2.

2

Percent change was 1.8 from July 1975 to July 1976, the latest month available.
Percent change was 0 . 1 from June 1976 to July 1976, the latest month available.

3

N.A- - not available.
preliminary.
NOTE: All series are in current dollars except where indicated. The index excludes effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to underlying wage-rate developments: Fluctuations in overtime premiums in manufacturing (the only sector for which overtime data are available) and the effects of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage and low-wage industries.

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls, by industry, seasonally adjusted
[1967=100]

1975

1976

Industry division and group

Aug.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July P

Aug

109. 3

110. 3

110. 5

110.,2

110. 7

111. 2

110. 6

110.,9

111. 0

94. 3

95. 5

95. 2

94.,8

94. 5

96. 0

95. 5

95.,4

94. 9

124. 7

125. 7

125. 2

124. 4

124. 8

124. 9

124. 4

124. 9

128. 1

111. 7

97. 3

97. 7

98. 8

100. 3

98. 8

93. 4

98. 8

97. 8

96. 8

96. 6

96.0

90. 8

90. 9

92. 5

93. 7

93. 6

94.,0

92. 7

94. 7

94. 2

94.,0

94. 1

93. 6
41. 0
96. 4
104. 8
99. 1
87.,4
98. 3
94. 3
91. 9
92.,3
109. 9
95. 7

93. 4
40. 7
96. 1
102. 5
99. 1
88. 7
97. 9
94. 0
91. 6
92. 6
109. 1
94. 6

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

107. 4

107. 9

108. 4

108. 8

91. 2

92. 4

92. 7

92. 9

118. 6

119. 9

125. 0

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION

98. 3

98. 6

MANUFACTURING

89. 0

90. 3

TOTAL
GOODS-PRODUCING
MINING

86. 7
87. 7
43. 7
43. 0
90. 1
88. 8
92. 6
97. 4
94. 5
95. 7
83. 5
81. 7
90. 9
92. 0
91. 0
91. 8
84. 3
84. 9
82. 9
82. 2
97. 2
99. 4
89. 0
91. 4
92. 4
94. 1
96., 1 96. 9
85.,8
88. 1
93.,0
96.4
85. 3
87. 8
89. 6
91. 3
92.,4
91. 9
94.,5
96. 1
107.,3 108. 9
110. 6 113. 0
72., 1 74. 9
118.,7 118. 7

87.
42.
92.
97.
95.
81.
92.
91.
85.
81.
100.
91.

8
9
1
9
7
9
8
9
8
5
8
3

88.
40.
90.
99.
96.
82.
92.
92.
85.
83.
101.
90.

1
8
8
2
2
3
7
0
5
1
7
8

90. 0
41. 5
93. 4
101. 0
97. 1
83. 6
94. 6
92. 5
87. 5
87.,3
103. 4
91. 7

91. 3
41. 6
97. 0
101. 5
97. 6
84. 1
95. 7
93. 4
89. 0
89. 0
105. 0
94. 4

91. 3
40. 9
96.4
103. 1
96. 7
84. 9
96. 6
93. 2
89. 2
88. 2
105. 2
94. 3

92.,0
91. 0
41. 0
40. 3
95. 2
95. 8
102, 8 102. 5
95.,7
98. 0
85.,3
85. 8
97.,3
95. 0
93.,3
91. 6
90.,3
89. 2
90. 8
88. 5
106.,3 105. 7
95., 1 92. 9

95.
96.
85.
98.
90.
92.
91.
97.
110.
114.
77.

1
5
6
1
0
0
8
4
2
7
2

95. 0
95. 1
93. 4
98. 0
90. 1
92. 6
92. 4
97. 6
111. 6
113.,5
77. 2

96. 2
95.,4
87. 4
99., 1
92. 1
94., 7
93.,5
98., 1
111., 1
116., 2
78. 1

97. 1
96. 9
90. 6
99. 7
93. 1
95. 2
93. 4
98.,5
113,,8
118. 8
79. 3

96.,9
95.,5
85,,6
98.,6
92.,6
95.,9
92.,7
99.„ i
114.,4
121..8
79.,9

95.
95.
84.
95.
88.
95.
92.
99.
114.
118.
78.

119. 3

119. 8

119.,7

120. 6

96. 9
97. 3
88. 8
99. 0
91. 8
95. 8
92. 5
99. 4
114. 4
119. 3
78. 9
121. 0

120..9

121. 9

94. 6
96. 2
95. 4
95.,0
96., 7 96. 5
96.,6
97. 0
83.,6
82. 2
81.,2
79.A
97.,4
96. 8
98. 0
99.,5
91. 2
91. 3
89.,5 . 88. 1
96. 9
97.,9
96. 7
97. 2
93. 2
93..4
92., 7 93.,2
98. 4
99,,5
99,. 1 99. 2
113,.9 111.,4 111,.9 112. 2
107,.8 106.,2 105,,7 105. 6
72. 6
75,,5
76. 2
79.,2
121., 7 121., 1 121..6 122. 2

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

100.,5

101. 1

101. 2

101.,5

101,, 7

101.,5

102. 7

102,.5

102. 9

101,.4

101,,4

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE

114.,6

114.,6

115., 1 115., 2 115.,5

116. 8

116. 8

116..8

118. 2

117..7

116.

111.,0
115.,9

111., 3 112. 0
115. 8 116. 2

DURABLE GOODS
Ordnance and accessories
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical equipment and supplies . . . .
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products . . . .
Miscellaneous manufacturing, Ind
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and plastics products, nec . . .
Leather and leather products
SERVICE-PRODUCING

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES
See footnote 1, table B-2.
P" preliminary.
1




3
9
9
2
9
0
1
5
8
5
3

93.,3
93. 8
38. 8
39. 9
97. 9
98. 4
102.,3 101. 8
98. 2
99. 6
90. 6
89. 9
97. 4
99. 6
94. 7
95. 8
90. 8
92. 4
90.,7
89. 8
109.,7 109. 7
93., 7 90. 9

101,. 7 101. 8

112.,3
116.,6

113.,4 113. 6
118., 1 118. 0

113,, 2 114. 3 114,,5
118,. 1 119., 7 118..9

117,.6
113,. 7 115,, i
118,.0 118.!5

115.,5
118..9

122,. 9 123.,5 123,, 7 125., 1 124..5
131.,4 131., 1 132.,0 133., 1 132.,3

125.. 1 125. 8

125,.5

126,, 3 126..3

127..6

133..3

133,. 7 134.,3

134,. 5 135,.0

135..9

111.,5
116.,6

133. 9

126., 1 126,.2
135,.3

118.,0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B - 6 . Indexes of diffusion:

Year and month

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Percent of industries in which employment 1 increased

Over 1-month span

Over 3-month span

Over 6-month span

Over 12-month span

1973
January

76

7

84. 0

February
March

81. 7

75

0

8 3 ., 7

73

8

7 6 ., 2

79. 4
79.4

8 1 .. 1
8 0 .. 8
8 2 .. 6

74. 7
72. 1
66.6

8 1 .. 4
7 9 ., 7
7 8 .. 5

April
May
June

62

5

59
68

9
0

7 1 ., 5
7 0 .. 3
6 3 ., 1

July
August
September

55, 8
63. 1
61 6

6 6 ., 9
6 4 ., 8
7 4 ., 7

72. 1
72. 7

7 5 ., 6
7 3 ., 5

73. 0

6 9 ., 2

October . , .
November . .
December . ,

72. 7
75. 0
66. 6

7 5 ., 9

75. 6

7 6 ., 5
7 0 ., 1

70. 3
66. 0

6 6 ., 0
6 6 ., 6
64. 2

59. 3
52. 6
4 6 ., 5

62. 8
53. 8
4 8 ., 0

49. 7

May

4 7 ., 1
55. 2

June

53. 2

48. 3
51. 7
52. 6

49.7
45. 6

July
August . . . .
September

52. 3
45. 9
36. 0

45. 1
39. 2

37. 2
31. 1

40. 4

23. 3

October . , ,
November . .
December

3 7 ., 8
20. 1

28. 8
21. 5

18. 6

13. 4

17. 2
13. 1

18. 6
16. 6
14. 0

1974
January . . .
February
March
April

60. 8
55. 2

48. 5

17. 7

63. 4
59. 6
55. 2
50. 3
40.
2 8 ., 2
27. 0
22. 4
20. 9

1975
18. 6

12. 5

13.4

16. 6

February
March

16. 6
25. 0

13. 7
19. 2

13. 1
16.3

17. 4
17. 4

April

40. 4
53. 8
40. 4

35. 8
40. 4
48. 5

27.9
40. 1
60. 8

25. 9
40. 4

55. 2
73. 5

55. 8
80. 2
81. 4

67. 4
67. 4
76. 5

50. 3
62. 5

70. 3

79.4
82. 0

75. 9
7Q _ 1

75.6

81. 4

May
June
July
August
September
October

81. 7
, .,

64. 8
54. 7

November
December . .

66,6

68. 9
72. 7

75. 0
70. 1
70. 9

78. 8

February
March

80. 2

81. 7
78. 8

77. 9
74. 4

April

75. 3

May
June

77. 3

66. 3
42. 4

74.

67.7
58. l p

69. 8p

July

55. 5p
59. 3p

54. 9P

20. 9

7 1 . .2

1976
January

.. .

September . .
October . . .
November . ,
December . .

1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted, on payrolls of 172 private nonagricultural industries,
p = preliminary.




lp

ft
79.

4r>
lp

LABOR FORCE. EMPLOYMENT * UNEMPLOYMENT
HOUSEHOLD DATA - SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1.

LABOR

FORCE

AND

EMPLOYMENT

2 . TOTAL

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT
NONAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT
THOUSANDS
1OOOOO

*

95000

/;

90000

f

65000

50000

40000

40000

30000

30000

20000

20000

ioooo

10000

80000

mm*

75000

75000

/70000

50000

65000

r,

/
/

•V.

60000

/ ;

i

4

80000

THOUSANDS
60000

90000

/
i /

RDULT MEN
ADULT WOMEN
TEENAGERS
100000

95000

EMPLOYMENT

•

•

70000

*

65000
1867

1869

1868

3.

1870

1871

1872

1873

1874

1879

1876

1867

UNEMPLOYMENT

1868

1868

4.

ALL CIVILIAN WORKERS
FULL-TIME WORKERS
MARRIED MEN
THOUSANDS
10000

1870

t871

187*

1873

1874

UNEMPLOYMENT

THOUSANDS
4000

4000

H1

3500

£Kf

7500

i

3000

j
J:*rA

5000
L

2000

j

1500
2500

2500
V .

r
J

1867 1866 1868 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876




1000

u

<

\

•V

,

i

V I

<wA-V

3500

V:
\

2500
5000

1876

ADULT MEN
ADULT WOMEN
TEENAGERS
ioooo

7500

1875

3000

i.

1
V

2500

V ;
2000

W;

V.'

1500

fj

1."

500
1867 1866 1868 1870 1871 1972 1873 1874 1875 1876

1000

500

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
HOUSEHOLD DATA - SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
5.

UNEMPLOYMENT

RATES

6 * UNEMPLOYMENT

ALL CIVILIAN WORKERS
H O U S E H O L D HEAOS
HARRIED MEN

RATES

TEENAGERS
ADULT WOMEN
ADULT MEN

PERCENT

10.0

10.0

7 .5

7 .5

PERCENT
25.0

25.0

20.0

20.0

15.0

15.0

V

S.O

5.0

10.0

10.0

2.5

t

2.5
5.0

•VI
5.0

"W.
0 .Q liiniiiiiiiliiiMiiiiiiliiiiaiiiiiliiiiUMiJitinii
1867 1866 1868 1870 1871 1872 1879 1874 1875 1876

7.

UNEMPLOYMENT

RATES

NEGRO A N D OTHER
WHITE

10.0

7.5

V

/!

A

-A

15.0

12.5

0.0

RATES

WORKERS
WORKERS

PERCENT
12.5

12.5

10.0

10.0

10.0
7.5

t
f

A

7.5

v7

fo* s

7.5

V ;
S.O
iJ

r
/

PART-TIME
FULL-TIME

Vi™

JJ

1
1

5.0

, 8 . UNEMPLOYMENT

RACES

PERCENT
15.0

12.5

1867 1866 1868 1870 1871 1872 1879 1874 1875 1876

5.0

5.0
' W

•v..

«

Vs.
2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5
-

0.0

1867 1866 1868 1870 1871 1872 1879 1874 1875 1876




0.0

0 .0

1867 1866 1868 1870 1871 1872 1879 1874 1875 1876

0.0

UNEMPLOYMENT
HOUSEHOLD DATA - SEASONALLY
9.

UNEMPLOYMENT

10.

RATES

ADJUSTED

UNEMPLOYMENT

ALUE COLLAR W O R K E R S
S E R V I C E WORKERS
WHITE COLLAR W O R K E R S

CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING

PERCENT
15.0

15.0

A
A

12.5

>>

10.0

I

RATES

7 .5

12.S

PERCENT
25.0

25.0

20.0

20.0

15.0

15.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

7.5
%y

tIJ
t
f

5.0

/

2.5
V "

J*

V

A

A-

j

5.0

1

V

5.0

5.0
2.5

Qa Q

0 . 0 "'^iriJiUiiUaJtOiditlii

OF

0.0

1967 1966 1969 1970 1971 1972 1979 1974 1975 1976

1967 1860 1869 1970 1871 1872 1873 1874 187S 1876

1 1 . AVERAGE

i

DURATION

12.

UNEMPLOYMENT

BY

REASON

JOB LOSERS
REENTRANTS
NEW E N T R A N T S
JOB L E A V E R S

UNEMPLOYMENT

WEEKS
17.5

17.5

15.0

15.0

THOUSANDS

6 000

6000

5000

5000

-

4000
12.5

4000

12.5
-

J

3000
10.0

10.0
2000

\
ST'

7 .5

7 .S
1000

5 . Q i»»*«Ull>MltttM>M»IMHltU«tttlll«U»llltlWlllMl*lUlll«lMlM*llll»*l»il»U»M»llrfll>lll«lll>ll«lllM>lMlMllll
1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976




•M •

i/;
3000

2000

/I

¥ S .1

r^i

5 .Q
1967 1966 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1876

1000

NONAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT AND HOURS
ESTABLISHMENT DATA - SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
13.

14.

EMPLOYMENT

.

TOTAL NONA6RI CULTURAL
SERVICE-PR0DUCIN6
6000S-PR00UCING
MANUFACTURING

HOURS

TOTAL PRIVATE N0NA6RI CULTURAL
PRIVATE SERVICE-PRODUCING
6000S-PR0DUCIN6
MANUFACTURING

THOUSANDS
90000

90000

MILLIONS OF HOURS
2250

2250

80000

80000

2000

2000

70000

70000

1750

1750

60000

60000

1500

1500

SOOOO

50000

1250

1250

40000

40000

1000

30000

30000

750

20000

20000

500

:
mmm

*

1000

—

•MNi

N

750

500

250
1867

15.

1860

1808

1870

1871

AVERAGE

1872

1879

1874

WEEKLY

1875

1870

1807

HOURS

16.

r

-

IN

42.0

1

41 .0

40.0

\i

39-0

W
1 ihJ
, - r/

K

*

V

1800

1808

1870

1871

1872

1873

WEEKLY

1873

1874

1875

1870

OVERTIME

MANUFACTURING

4.0

4-0

A
VH

3.0

3.0

2.0

2.0

1874

1875

V,: 36.0

1 .0

1 .0

1870

1807

1800

1808

1870

1871

1872

1873

1874

1875

1870

NOTE: Charts 14 and 15 relate to production or nonsupervisory workers; chart 16 relates to production workers. Data for the 2 most
recent months are preliminary in charts 13-16.



HOURS

37.0

V

36.0

1807

1872

5.0

39-0

38.0

t

1871

HOURS
5.0

40.0

38.0

V •v

1870

41 .0

V

37.0

1808

AVERAGE

MANUFACTURING
TOTAL PRIVATE
HOURS
42.0

1800

#

0.0