Full text of The Employment Situation : April 2014
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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, May 2, 2014 USDL-14-0701 Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — APRIL 2014 Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 288,000, and the unemployment rate fell by 0.4 percentage point to 6.3 percent in April, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment gains were widespread, led by job growth in professional and business services, retail trade, food services and drinking places, and construction. Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, April 2012 – April 2014 Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, seasonally adjusted, April 2012 – April 2014 Percent 9.0 Thousands 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 A pr-12 Jul-12 Oct-12 Jan-13 A pr-13 Jul-13 Oct-13 Jan-14 A pr-14 Apr-12 Jul-12 Oct-12 Jan-13 Apr-13 Jul-13 Oct-13 Jan-14 Apr-14 Household Survey Data In April, the unemployment rate fell from 6.7 percent to 6.3 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, at 9.8 million, decreased by 733,000. Both measures had shown little movement over the prior 4 months. Over the year, the unemployment rate and the number of unemployed persons declined by 1.2 percentage points and 1.9 million, respectively. (See table A-1.) Among the major worker groups, unemployment rates declined in April for adult men (5.9 percent), adult women (5.7 percent), teenagers (19.1 percent), whites (5.3 percent), blacks (11.6 percent), and Hispanics (7.3 percent). The jobless rate for Asians was 5.7 percent (not seasonally adjusted), little changed over the year. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) In April, the number of unemployed reentrants and new entrants declined by 417,000 and 126,000, respectively. (Reentrants are persons who previously worked but were not in the labor force prior to beginning their job search, and new entrants are persons who have never worked.) The number of job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs decreased by 253,000 to 5.2 million. (See table A-11.) The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) declined by 287,000 in April to 3.5 million; these individuals accounted for 35.3 percent of the unemployed. Over the past 12 months, the number of long-term unemployed has decreased by 908,000. (See table A-12.) The civilian labor force dropped by 806,000 in April, following an increase of 503,000 in March. The labor force participation rate fell by 0.4 percentage point to 62.8 percent in April. The participation rate has shown no clear trend in recent months and currently is the same as it was this past October. The employment-population ratio showed no change over the month (58.9 percent) and has changed little over the year. (See table A-1.) The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary part-time workers) was little changed at 7.5 million in April. These individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find full-time work. (See table A-8.) In April, 2.2 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, down slightly from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.) Among the marginally attached, there were 783,000 discouraged workers in April, little changed from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.4 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in April had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) Establishment Survey Data Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 288,000 in April. Job growth had averaged 190,000 per month over the prior 12 months. In April, employment growth was widespread, led by gains in professional and business services, retail trade, food services and drinking places, and construction. (See table B-1.) Professional and business services added 75,000 jobs in April. Employment in this industry had increased by an average of 55,000 per month over the prior 12 months. In April, employment growth continued in temporary help services (+24,000), in management of companies and enterprises (+12,000), and in computer systems design and related services (+9,000). Retail trade employment rose by 35,000 in April. Over the past 12 months, employment in this industry has grown by 327,000. Within retail trade, job growth over the month occurred in food and beverage stores (+9,000), general merchandise stores (+8,000), motor vehicle and parts dealers (+6,000), and -2- nonstore retailers (+4,000). Electronics and appliance stores lost 11,000 jobs in April. Wholesale trade added 16,000 jobs over the month and has added 126,000 jobs over the year. In April, employment rose in food services and drinking places (+33,000), about in line with its prior 12-month average gain of 28,000 per month. In April, employment in construction grew by 32,000, with job growth in heavy and civil engineering construction (+11,000) and residential building (+7,000). Construction has added 189,000 jobs over the past year, with almost three-fourths of the gain occurring in the past 6 months. Health care employment increased by 19,000 in April, about in line with the prior 12-month average gain of 17,000 per month. Employment in other services, which includes membership associations and personal and laundry services, rose by 15,000 over the month. Mining added 10,000 jobs in April, with most of the gain in support activities for mining (+7,000). Employment in other major industries, including manufacturing, transportation and warehousing, information, financial activities, and government, changed little over the month. The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.5 hours in April. The manufacturing workweek decreased by 0.2 hour in April to 40.8 hours, and factory overtime was unchanged at 3.5 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) In April, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls were unchanged at $24.31. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have risen by 1.9 percent. In April, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees edged up by 3 cents to $20.50. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for February was revised from +197,000 to +222,000, and the change for March was revised from +192,000 to +203,000. With these revisions, employment gains in February and March were 36,000 higher than previously reported. _____________ The Employment Situation for May is scheduled to be released on Friday, June 6, 2014, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT). -3- Upcoming Changes to the Establishment Survey Data Effective with the release of July 2014 data on August 1, 2014, the establishment survey will implement new sample units into production on a quarterly basis, replacing the current practice of implementing new sample units annually. There is no change to the establishment survey sample design. More information about the quarterly sample implementation is available at www.bls.gov/ces/cesqsi.htm. -4- HOUSEHOLD DATA Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Category Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014 Change from: Mar. 2014Apr. 2014 Apr. 2014 Employment status Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force.......................................................... . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed.................................................................. . Employment-population ratio......................................... . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245,175 155,359 63.4 143,676 58.6 11,683 7.5 89,815 247,085 155,724 63.0 145,266 58.8 10,459 6.7 91,361 247,258 156,227 63.2 145,742 58.9 10,486 6.7 91,030 247,439 155,421 62.8 145,669 58.9 9,753 6.3 92,018 181 -806 -0.4 -73 0.0 -733 -0.4 988 Unemployment rates Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asian (not seasonally adjusted)........................................... . Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ . 7.5 7.1 6.6 23.7 6.6 13.1 5.1 9.0 6.7 6.4 5.9 21.4 5.8 12.0 6.0 8.1 6.7 6.2 6.2 20.9 5.8 12.4 5.4 7.9 6.3 5.9 5.7 19.1 5.3 11.6 5.7 7.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -1.8 -0.5 -0.8 – -0.6 Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................. . 6.1 11.5 7.5 6.3 3.9 5.5 9.8 6.4 6.2 3.4 5.4 9.6 6.3 6.1 3.4 5.2 8.9 6.3 5.7 3.3 -0.2 -0.7 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 Reason for unemployment Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers..................................................................... . Reentrants...................................................................... . New entrants................................................................... . 6,367 857 3,131 1,268 5,448 823 2,997 1,229 5,489 815 3,037 1,169 5,236 784 2,620 1,043 -253 -31 -417 -126 Duration of unemployment Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over............................................................ . 2,491 2,844 1,969 4,360 2,373 2,568 1,615 3,849 2,461 2,581 1,677 3,739 2,447 2,359 1,533 3,452 -14 -222 -144 -287 Employed persons at work part time Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons. . ....................................... . 7,929 5,124 2,549 18,921 7,186 4,251 2,692 19,027 7,411 4,512 2,731 19,216 7,465 4,555 2,669 18,886 54 43 -62 -330 Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted) Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers....................................................... . 2,347 835 2,303 755 2,168 698 2,160 783 – – - Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 188 -11 -3 -2 -6 0 -0.7 -6 199 5.7 22.6 5.7 -6 10 72 22.0 51 44.1 33 4 15 222 201 48 4 24 20 17 11.8 3 153 14.7 -5.6 -4.9 -11 10 82 25.4 32 23.8 35 1 21 203 202 29 5 17 7 14 0.4 -7 173 4.4 24.8 12.0 -1 0 52 24.7 37 31.0 34 7 1 288 273 53 9 32 12 11 5.2 1 220 15.7 34.5 11.3 -3 6 75 24.0 40 27.9 28 15 15 WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2 Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.4 48.0 82.6 49.4 48.0 82.7 49.4 48.0 82.7 49.4 48.0 82.7 HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.4 $23.86 $820.78 98.0 -0.2 111.6 0.1 34.3 $24.29 $833.15 99.4 -0.1 115.2 0.2 34.5 $24.31 $838.70 100.1 0.7 116.2 0.9 34.5 $24.31 $838.70 100.4 0.3 116.5 0.3 HOURS AND EARNINGS PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.7 $20.04 $675.35 105.8 -0.1 141.6 -0.1 33.4 $20.49 $684.37 106.6 -0.4 146.0 0.1 33.7 $20.47 $689.84 107.8 1.1 147.5 1.0 33.7 $20.50 $690.85 108.1 0.3 148.1 0.4 59.5 46.9 61.0 53.1 61.0 53.7 67.0 58.6 Category DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)5 Total private (264 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. 4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. 5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. p Preliminary 2 Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The Employment Situation news release. 3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance benefits? No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently looking for work? Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Slightly more than 20 percent of all employees in the payroll survey sample have a weekly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the effect of extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln. Technical Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses and government agencies, representing approximately 554,000 individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls. The includes approximately one-third of active sample all nonfarm payroll employees. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries. Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers whose businesses are unicorporated, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity. Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 90,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -40,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages. The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component excludes employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death employment. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Apr. 2013 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Dec. 2013 Jan. 2014 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245,175 154,739 63.1 143,724 58.6 11,014 7.1 90,436 6,329 247,258 155,627 62.9 145,090 58.7 10,537 6.8 91,630 5,891 247,439 154,845 62.6 145,767 58.9 9,079 5.9 92,594 6,088 245,175 155,359 63.4 143,676 58.6 11,683 7.5 89,815 6,389 246,745 154,937 62.8 144,586 58.6 10,351 6.7 91,808 6,111 246,915 155,460 63.0 145,224 58.8 10,236 6.6 91,455 6,348 247,085 155,724 63.0 145,266 58.8 10,459 6.7 91,361 6,060 247,258 156,227 63.2 145,742 58.9 10,486 6.7 91,030 6,146 247,439 155,421 62.8 145,669 58.9 9,753 6.3 92,018 6,146 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,296 82,201 69.5 76,029 64.3 6,172 7.5 36,095 119,395 82,586 69.2 76,718 64.3 5,868 7.1 36,809 119,488 82,104 68.7 77,086 64.5 5,018 6.1 37,384 118,296 82,713 69.9 76,270 64.5 6,443 7.8 35,583 119,103 82,323 69.1 76,723 64.4 5,599 6.8 36,780 119,218 82,662 69.3 77,060 64.6 5,602 6.8 36,556 119,306 82,597 69.2 76,808 64.4 5,789 7.0 36,709 119,395 83,052 69.6 77,416 64.8 5,636 6.8 36,343 119,488 82,586 69.1 77,292 64.7 5,294 6.4 36,902 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,736 79,551 72.5 74,042 67.5 5,509 6.9 30,184 110,930 79,949 72.1 74,711 67.3 5,238 6.6 30,981 111,027 79,571 71.7 75,059 67.6 4,512 5.7 31,456 109,736 79,868 72.8 74,161 67.6 5,707 7.1 29,868 110,613 79,464 71.8 74,467 67.3 4,997 6.3 31,149 110,746 79,892 72.1 74,916 67.6 4,975 6.2 30,855 110,838 79,917 72.1 74,780 67.5 5,137 6.4 30,921 110,930 80,171 72.3 75,230 67.8 4,941 6.2 30,760 111,027 79,851 71.9 75,134 67.7 4,718 5.9 31,176 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,878 72,538 57.2 67,695 53.4 4,843 6.7 54,340 127,863 73,041 57.1 68,373 53.5 4,669 6.4 54,822 127,951 72,741 56.9 68,680 53.7 4,061 5.6 55,210 126,878 72,646 57.3 67,406 53.1 5,240 7.2 54,232 127,642 72,614 56.9 67,862 53.2 4,752 6.5 55,028 127,696 72,797 57.0 68,163 53.4 4,634 6.4 54,899 127,779 73,128 57.2 68,458 53.6 4,670 6.4 54,652 127,863 73,175 57.2 68,325 53.4 4,850 6.6 54,688 127,951 72,835 56.9 68,376 53.4 4,459 6.1 55,116 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,612 69,833 58.9 65,533 55.3 4,300 6.2 48,778 119,669 70,402 58.8 66,170 55.3 4,232 6.0 49,267 119,760 70,100 58.5 66,452 55.5 3,648 5.2 49,660 118,612 69,764 58.8 65,148 54.9 4,616 6.6 48,847 119,433 69,831 58.5 65,617 54.9 4,214 6.0 49,602 119,497 70,023 58.6 65,909 55.2 4,114 5.9 49,475 119,583 70,331 58.8 66,183 55.3 4,148 5.9 49,252 119,669 70,361 58.8 66,008 55.2 4,352 6.2 49,309 119,760 70,037 58.5 66,057 55.2 3,980 5.7 49,724 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,827 5,355 31.8 4,149 24.7 1,206 22.5 11,473 16,658 5,276 31.7 4,209 25.3 1,066 20.2 11,382 16,652 5,174 31.1 4,256 25.6 918 17.7 11,478 16,827 5,727 34.0 4,368 26.0 1,360 23.7 11,100 16,700 5,642 33.8 4,502 27.0 1,140 20.2 11,058 16,671 5,545 33.3 4,399 26.4 1,147 20.7 11,125 16,664 5,476 32.9 4,303 25.8 1,173 21.4 11,188 16,658 5,696 34.2 4,503 27.0 1,193 20.9 10,962 16,652 5,534 33.2 4,479 26.9 1,055 19.1 11,119 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ASIAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Apr. 2013 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Dec. 2013 Jan. 2014 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 194,041 123,048 63.4 115,231 59.4 7,817 6.4 70,993 195,117 123,157 63.1 115,851 59.4 7,306 5.9 71,959 195,210 122,659 62.8 116,536 59.7 6,123 5.0 72,550 194,041 123,544 63.7 115,338 59.4 8,206 6.6 70,497 194,927 122,879 63.0 115,623 59.3 7,256 5.9 72,048 194,944 123,500 63.4 116,409 59.7 7,091 5.7 71,444 195,029 123,641 63.4 116,447 59.7 7,193 5.8 71,388 195,117 123,763 63.4 116,581 59.7 7,183 5.8 71,353 195,210 123,111 63.1 116,601 59.7 6,510 5.3 72,099 64,441 73.0 60,450 68.5 3,992 6.2 64,407 72.4 60,730 68.3 3,677 5.7 64,216 72.1 61,097 68.6 3,119 4.9 64,687 73.3 60,552 68.6 4,134 6.4 64,221 72.3 60,637 68.3 3,584 5.6 64,551 72.6 61,048 68.7 3,503 5.4 64,594 72.6 61,020 68.6 3,574 5.5 64,724 72.7 61,282 68.9 3,441 5.3 64,445 72.4 61,182 68.7 3,264 5.1 54,300 58.3 51,374 55.1 2,926 5.4 54,537 58.2 51,674 55.1 2,864 5.3 54,358 58.0 51,984 55.4 2,374 4.4 54,233 58.2 51,149 54.9 3,084 5.7 54,173 57.8 51,308 54.8 2,866 5.3 54,505 58.2 51,695 55.2 2,810 5.2 54,635 58.3 51,822 55.3 2,813 5.1 54,509 58.1 51,597 55.0 2,911 5.3 54,277 57.9 51,730 55.2 2,547 4.7 4,307 34.4 3,408 27.2 899 20.9 4,213 34.0 3,448 27.8 765 18.2 4,085 33.0 3,455 27.9 630 15.4 4,624 36.9 3,636 29.0 988 21.4 4,485 36.1 3,678 29.6 806 18.0 4,444 35.8 3,666 29.5 777 17.5 4,412 35.6 3,606 29.1 807 18.3 4,531 36.5 3,701 29.9 830 18.3 4,389 35.4 3,690 29.8 699 15.9 30,290 18,532 61.2 16,240 53.6 2,292 12.4 11,758 30,719 18,763 61.1 16,501 53.7 2,262 12.1 11,956 30,755 18,675 60.7 16,682 54.2 1,993 10.7 12,080 30,290 18,605 61.4 16,162 53.4 2,442 13.1 11,685 30,569 18,401 60.2 16,215 53.0 2,186 11.9 12,168 30,651 18,558 60.5 16,310 53.2 2,249 12.1 12,093 30,685 18,654 60.8 16,416 53.5 2,237 12.0 12,031 30,719 18,756 61.1 16,437 53.5 2,319 12.4 11,963 30,755 18,720 60.9 16,556 53.8 2,164 11.6 12,035 8,326 67.0 7,287 58.7 1,039 12.5 8,531 67.3 7,471 58.9 1,059 12.4 8,391 66.1 7,520 59.2 872 10.4 8,377 67.5 7,313 58.9 1,065 12.7 8,255 65.6 7,302 58.0 953 11.5 8,367 66.2 7,359 58.2 1,008 12.0 8,430 66.6 7,345 58.0 1,085 12.9 8,496 67.0 7,470 58.9 1,026 12.1 8,435 66.4 7,522 59.2 913 10.8 9,543 62.4 8,531 55.8 1,012 10.6 9,635 62.1 8,628 55.6 1,006 10.4 9,626 62.0 8,722 56.1 903 9.4 9,514 62.2 8,425 55.1 1,090 11.5 9,451 61.2 8,466 54.8 986 10.4 9,525 61.5 8,537 55.1 988 10.4 9,594 61.9 8,646 55.8 948 9.9 9,614 62.0 8,554 55.1 1,060 11.0 9,583 61.7 8,590 55.3 993 10.4 663 25.7 422 16.3 241 36.4 598 23.7 401 15.9 197 32.9 658 26.2 440 17.5 218 33.2 713 27.6 425 16.5 288 40.4 694 27.4 448 17.7 246 35.5 666 26.4 413 16.4 253 38.0 630 24.9 425 16.9 204 32.4 646 25.6 413 16.4 233 36.1 701 27.9 443 17.6 258 36.8 13,244 13,769 13,841 – – – – – – HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apr. 2013 8,456 63.9 8,025 60.6 431 5.1 4,788 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 8,889 64.6 8,409 61.1 480 5.4 4,880 8,782 63.4 8,283 59.8 498 5.7 5,059 Apr. 2013 Dec. 2013 – – – – – – – Jan. 2014 – – – – – – – Feb. 2014 – – – – – – – Mar. 2014 – – – – – – – Apr. 2014 – – – – – – – 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. - Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 – – – – – – – HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Apr. 2013 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Dec. 2013 Jan. 2014 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 37,320 24,475 65.6 22,412 60.1 2,063 8.4 12,845 38,126 25,158 66.0 23,126 60.7 2,031 8.1 12,968 38,203 25,028 65.5 23,343 61.1 1,685 6.7 13,175 37,320 24,531 65.7 22,327 59.8 2,205 9.0 12,788 37,955 24,863 65.5 22,805 60.1 2,058 8.3 13,092 37,976 25,053 66.0 22,961 60.5 2,092 8.4 12,923 38,053 25,061 65.9 23,021 60.5 2,040 8.1 12,992 38,126 25,266 66.3 23,264 61.0 2,002 7.9 12,859 38,203 25,055 65.6 23,232 60.8 1,824 7.3 13,148 13,640 81.1 12,602 74.9 1,037 7.6 13,922 80.8 12,968 75.2 954 6.9 13,869 80.3 13,080 75.7 789 5.7 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 9,796 58.2 9,062 53.8 734 7.5 10,200 59.2 9,342 54.2 857 8.4 10,136 58.7 9,462 54.8 674 6.6 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1,039 28.5 748 20.5 291 28.0 1,036 28.4 816 22.3 220 21.3 1,023 28.0 801 21.9 222 21.7 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. - Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2013 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Dec. 2013 Jan. 2014 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,072 45.1 9,810 39.9 1,262 11.4 11,150 45.7 10,011 41.0 1,139 10.2 10,946 44.9 10,006 41.0 940 8.6 10,960 44.6 9,696 39.5 1,264 11.5 10,748 43.7 9,699 39.4 1,049 9.8 11,004 44.5 9,953 40.2 1,051 9.6 11,154 46.2 10,056 41.7 1,098 9.8 11,199 45.9 10,128 41.5 1,071 9.6 10,891 44.6 9,925 40.7 965 8.9 High school graduates, no college1 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,224 58.7 33,614 54.5 2,610 7.2 36,214 58.5 33,759 54.5 2,455 6.8 36,050 57.9 33,890 54.4 2,160 6.0 36,252 58.8 33,551 54.4 2,702 7.5 36,242 58.0 33,677 53.9 2,565 7.1 35,924 58.1 33,593 54.3 2,331 6.5 36,108 58.5 33,792 54.7 2,316 6.4 36,392 58.8 34,106 55.1 2,286 6.3 36,089 58.0 33,830 54.3 2,258 6.3 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,058 67.8 34,820 63.7 2,238 6.0 37,065 67.0 34,812 62.9 2,253 6.1 37,176 66.9 35,165 63.3 2,011 5.4 37,338 68.3 34,971 64.0 2,367 6.3 37,021 67.6 34,750 63.4 2,272 6.1 36,992 67.3 34,758 63.3 2,234 6.0 37,169 66.9 34,876 62.8 2,293 6.2 37,158 67.1 34,904 63.0 2,254 6.1 37,364 67.3 35,218 63.4 2,146 5.7 Bachelor’s degree and higher2 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,663 75.9 47,888 73.2 1,775 3.6 50,257 75.2 48,570 72.7 1,687 3.4 50,212 75.5 48,684 73.2 1,527 3.0 49,445 75.5 47,529 72.6 1,916 3.9 49,759 75.3 48,134 72.8 1,625 3.3 50,427 75.7 48,797 73.2 1,629 3.2 50,240 75.2 48,543 72.6 1,697 3.4 49,908 74.7 48,198 72.2 1,711 3.4 49,934 75.1 48,279 72.6 1,655 3.3 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Apr. 2013 Men Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Women Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Apr. 2014 VETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,467 11,185 52.1 10,492 48.9 693 6.2 10,282 21,239 10,727 50.5 10,124 47.7 603 5.6 10,512 19,247 9,766 50.7 9,139 47.5 627 6.4 9,481 18,992 9,337 49.2 8,815 46.4 522 5.6 9,655 2,220 1,420 63.9 1,353 61.0 66 4.7 800 2,247 1,390 61.8 1,308 58.2 81 5.8 857 Gulf War-era II veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,804 2,256 80.5 2,086 74.4 170 7.5 548 3,019 2,403 79.6 2,240 74.2 163 6.8 615 2,245 1,874 83.5 1,732 77.1 143 7.6 371 2,444 2,019 82.6 1,885 77.1 134 6.6 425 558 381 68.3 354 63.4 27 7.2 177 575 385 66.9 355 61.7 30 7.7 190 Gulf War-era I veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,425 2,850 83.2 2,693 78.6 157 5.5 575 3,421 2,764 80.8 2,635 77.0 129 4.7 658 2,738 2,337 85.4 2,198 80.3 139 5.9 401 2,704 2,246 83.0 2,144 79.3 102 4.5 458 687 513 74.6 495 72.0 18 3.5 174 717 518 72.2 491 68.5 27 5.2 199 World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,916 3,135 31.6 2,915 29.4 220 7.0 6,781 9,476 2,755 29.1 2,620 27.7 134 4.9 6,721 9,538 3,009 31.5 2,799 29.3 210 7.0 6,529 9,120 2,659 29.2 2,536 27.8 123 4.6 6,461 378 126 33.4 116 30.7 10 8.3 252 356 96 26.9 85 23.8 11 11.6 260 Veterans of other service periods Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,322 2,944 55.3 2,798 52.6 146 5.0 2,378 5,323 2,805 52.7 2,629 49.4 177 6.3 2,518 4,726 2,545 53.9 2,409 51.0 136 5.3 2,181 4,724 2,414 51.1 2,251 47.6 163 6.8 2,310 596 399 66.9 389 65.2 10 2.6 197 599 391 65.3 378 63.1 13 3.4 208 NONVETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214,659 141,712 66.0 131,871 61.4 9,840 6.9 72,948 217,259 142,440 65.6 134,317 61.8 8,123 5.7 74,819 94,424 71,577 75.8 66,284 70.2 5,293 7.4 22,847 95,940 71,995 75.0 67,700 70.6 4,295 6.0 23,945 120,236 70,134 58.3 65,588 54.5 4,547 6.5 50,101 121,319 70,445 58.1 66,617 54.9 3,828 5.4 50,874 NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2014, estimates for veterans incorporate updated weighting procedures. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Persons with a disability Employment status, sex, and age Apr. 2013 Apr. 2014 Persons with no disability Apr. 2013 Apr. 2014 TOTAL, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 28,908 5,985 20.7 5,215 18.0 770 12.9 22,922 28,915 5,528 19.1 4,838 16.7 690 12.5 23,388 216,267 148,754 68.8 138,509 64.0 10,245 6.9 67,513 218,524 149,317 68.3 140,929 64.5 8,389 5.6 69,207 Men, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 2,680 35.0 2,312 30.2 367 13.7 4,966 2,488 32.5 2,128 27.8 359 14.4 5,172 75,010 81.9 69,465 75.8 5,545 7.4 16,614 74,982 81.5 70,562 76.7 4,421 5.9 17,038 Women, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 2,281 28.7 1,943 24.5 338 14.8 5,659 2,057 26.4 1,782 22.8 275 13.4 5,745 66,597 70.2 62,273 65.6 4,325 6.5 28,297 66,893 70.2 63,250 66.4 3,643 5.4 28,425 Both sexes, 65 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 1,024 7.7 960 7.2 64 6.3 12,297 983 7.3 927 6.9 56 5.7 12,470 7,147 24.0 6,771 22.8 375 5.3 22,602 7,442 23.9 7,117 22.8 325 4.4 23,743 NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status and nativity Apr. 2013 Men Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Women Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Apr. 2014 Foreign born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 37,842 24,982 66.0 23,292 61.6 1,690 6.8 12,860 38,391 25,127 65.5 23,713 61.8 1,414 5.6 13,264 18,500 14,572 78.8 13,636 73.7 936 6.4 3,929 18,592 14,590 78.5 13,828 74.4 763 5.2 4,001 19,342 10,410 53.8 9,656 49.9 754 7.2 8,932 19,799 10,536 53.2 9,885 49.9 652 6.2 9,263 Native born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 207,332 129,757 62.6 120,432 58.1 9,325 7.2 77,575 209,049 129,718 62.1 122,054 58.4 7,664 5.9 79,330 99,796 67,629 67.8 62,393 62.5 5,236 7.7 32,167 100,896 67,514 66.9 63,259 62.7 4,255 6.3 33,383 107,537 62,128 57.8 58,039 54.0 4,089 6.6 45,409 108,152 62,205 57.5 58,795 54.4 3,409 5.5 45,948 NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Category CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government.................................... . Private industries..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other industries............................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2 All industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2013 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Dec. 2013 Jan. 2014 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 1,951 1,144 783 23 141,774 133,065 20,635 112,429 617 111,813 8,632 77 2,008 1,265 727 16 143,082 134,512 20,862 113,650 861 112,788 8,521 49 2,048 1,265 773 10 143,718 135,119 20,626 114,494 868 113,625 8,518 81 2,048 1,243 779 – 141,604 132,861 20,319 112,555 – 111,911 8,651 – 2,229 1,377 812 – 142,337 133,858 20,063 113,818 – 112,918 8,506 – 2,183 1,391 760 – 142,970 134,384 20,383 114,001 – 113,164 8,569 – 2,150 1,373 768 – 143,132 134,428 20,192 114,177 – 113,317 8,697 – 2,148 1,375 743 – 143,543 134,745 20,401 114,327 – 113,444 8,674 – 2,161 1,382 767 – 143,531 134,860 20,320 114,532 – 113,643 8,559 – 7,709 4,920 2,530 19,829 7,455 4,397 2,741 19,732 7,243 4,346 2,615 19,707 7,929 5,124 2,549 18,921 7,771 4,884 2,592 18,731 7,257 4,405 2,571 19,165 7,186 4,251 2,692 19,027 7,411 4,512 2,731 19,216 7,465 4,555 2,669 18,886 7,590 4,845 2,513 19,494 7,321 4,325 2,713 19,424 7,120 4,277 2,604 19,393 7,796 5,051 2,465 18,582 7,650 4,801 2,586 18,436 7,130 4,327 2,550 18,856 7,071 4,208 2,653 18,672 7,324 4,454 2,697 18,903 7,333 4,487 2,623 18,603 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. 3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. 4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2013 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Dec. 2013 Jan. 2014 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143,724 4,149 1,361 2,787 139,576 13,444 126,132 94,591 31,185 30,749 32,658 31,540 145,090 4,209 1,409 2,800 140,881 13,729 127,152 95,100 31,697 30,940 32,463 32,052 145,767 4,256 1,325 2,931 141,511 13,765 127,745 95,421 31,751 31,031 32,639 32,324 143,676 4,368 1,486 2,876 139,309 13,567 125,682 94,395 31,153 30,642 32,600 31,287 144,586 4,502 1,530 2,943 140,083 13,875 126,289 94,660 31,546 30,741 32,372 31,629 145,224 4,399 1,608 2,776 140,825 13,761 126,992 95,212 31,776 31,059 32,377 31,780 145,266 4,303 1,512 2,830 140,963 13,704 127,260 95,241 31,883 31,007 32,351 32,019 145,742 4,503 1,591 2,922 141,238 13,905 127,246 95,360 31,849 30,960 32,552 31,886 145,669 4,479 1,472 3,016 141,190 13,879 127,211 95,151 31,713 30,905 32,533 32,060 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,029 1,987 607 1,380 74,042 6,877 67,166 50,543 16,837 16,666 17,040 16,623 76,718 2,007 621 1,385 74,711 7,099 67,612 50,730 17,144 16,619 16,967 16,882 77,086 2,027 571 1,457 75,059 7,099 67,960 50,903 17,132 16,674 17,097 17,056 76,270 2,109 660 1,439 74,161 6,990 67,102 50,568 16,898 16,657 17,013 16,534 76,723 2,257 743 1,489 74,467 7,097 67,400 50,626 17,007 16,610 17,009 16,774 77,060 2,144 762 1,369 74,916 7,032 67,769 50,926 17,123 16,760 17,043 16,843 76,808 2,028 673 1,375 74,780 7,005 67,731 50,810 17,218 16,613 16,980 16,921 77,416 2,186 706 1,481 75,230 7,223 67,961 51,101 17,340 16,706 17,055 16,860 77,292 2,159 644 1,516 75,134 7,206 67,875 50,909 17,185 16,657 17,066 16,966 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,695 2,162 755 1,408 65,533 6,567 58,966 44,048 14,348 14,083 15,618 14,918 68,373 2,203 788 1,415 66,170 6,630 59,540 44,370 14,553 14,321 15,496 15,170 68,680 2,228 754 1,474 66,452 6,666 59,786 44,518 14,619 14,357 15,542 15,268 67,406 2,258 826 1,436 65,148 6,577 58,580 43,827 14,255 13,985 15,587 14,753 67,862 2,246 787 1,454 65,617 6,778 58,888 44,034 14,539 14,131 15,363 14,855 68,163 2,255 845 1,407 65,909 6,729 59,223 44,286 14,653 14,299 15,334 14,937 68,458 2,275 839 1,455 66,183 6,700 59,529 44,431 14,665 14,395 15,371 15,098 68,325 2,317 885 1,441 66,008 6,683 59,285 44,259 14,509 14,254 15,497 15,026 68,376 2,320 828 1,500 66,057 6,672 59,336 44,242 14,528 14,247 15,466 15,094 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,905 34,442 9,465 44,183 34,838 9,344 44,449 34,830 9,602 44,016 34,434 – 43,939 34,404 – 44,187 34,448 – 44,292 34,619 – 44,483 34,779 – 44,525 34,813 – FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,674 28,050 116,985 28,106 118,073 27,693 116,062 27,552 117,278 27,372 117,656 27,540 117,819 27,330 118,003 27,695 118,415 27,297 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,029 4.9 7,143 4.9 7,162 4.9 6,982 4.9 6,877 4.8 6,849 4.7 6,960 4.8 6,998 4.8 7,093 4.9 SELF-EMPLOYMENT Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,342 9,415 5,462 9,249 5,384 9,290 – 9,430 – 9,317 – 9,329 – 9,465 – 9,417 – 9,326 1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Apr. 2013 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Dec. 2013 Jan. 2014 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,683 1,360 559 808 10,323 2,046 8,174 6,384 2,492 1,885 2,008 1,810 10,486 1,193 399 765 9,293 1,938 7,313 5,712 2,334 1,674 1,704 1,585 9,753 1,055 418 634 8,698 1,642 6,984 5,431 2,251 1,593 1,588 1,569 7.5 23.7 27.3 21.9 6.9 13.1 6.1 6.3 7.4 5.8 5.8 5.5 6.7 20.2 23.8 18.3 6.2 11.1 5.6 5.8 6.9 5.4 5.1 5.1 6.6 20.7 21.9 19.8 6.1 11.9 5.4 5.6 6.8 5.0 5.1 4.5 6.7 21.4 21.8 21.0 6.2 11.9 5.5 5.8 7.0 5.1 5.1 4.6 6.7 20.9 20.1 20.7 6.2 12.2 5.4 5.7 6.8 5.1 5.0 4.7 6.3 19.1 22.1 17.4 5.8 10.6 5.2 5.4 6.6 4.9 4.7 4.7 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,443 736 296 447 5,707 1,141 4,493 3,500 1,384 1,008 1,107 994 5,636 695 238 442 4,941 1,103 3,815 2,967 1,194 871 902 848 5,294 576 236 333 4,718 982 3,710 2,865 1,215 831 819 845 7.8 25.9 31.0 23.7 7.1 14.0 6.3 6.5 7.6 5.7 6.1 5.7 6.8 21.1 24.6 18.9 6.3 11.8 5.7 5.8 7.0 5.3 5.0 5.3 6.8 22.6 23.0 22.0 6.2 12.9 5.5 5.7 6.9 5.0 5.2 4.6 7.0 24.3 25.0 24.2 6.4 13.4 5.6 5.8 7.0 5.2 5.3 4.7 6.8 24.1 25.2 23.0 6.2 13.2 5.3 5.5 6.4 5.0 5.0 4.8 6.4 21.1 26.8 18.0 5.9 12.0 5.2 5.3 6.6 4.8 4.6 4.7 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,240 624 263 361 4,616 906 3,681 2,885 1,108 876 901 800 4,850 498 162 323 4,352 835 3,498 2,745 1,140 803 802 734 4,459 479 182 301 3,980 660 3,274 2,566 1,036 761 769 721 7.2 21.6 24.2 20.1 6.6 12.1 5.9 6.2 7.2 5.9 5.5 5.1 6.5 19.3 23.0 17.6 6.0 10.4 5.5 5.7 6.7 5.4 5.2 4.9 6.4 18.7 20.9 17.6 5.9 10.9 5.3 5.5 6.6 5.1 4.9 4.6 6.4 18.7 19.1 17.6 5.9 10.3 5.4 5.7 7.1 5.0 4.9 4.5 6.6 17.7 15.4 18.3 6.2 11.1 5.6 5.8 7.3 5.3 4.9 4.7 6.1 17.1 18.0 16.7 5.7 9.0 5.2 5.5 6.7 5.1 4.7 4.6 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present..................... . Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,042 1,593 1,086 1,744 1,538 923 1,617 1,404 897 4.4 4.4 10.3 3.8 4.5 8.7 3.8 3.9 9.1 3.8 4.2 9.1 3.8 4.2 9.0 3.5 3.9 8.5 FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,925 1,749 8,881 1,581 8,206 1,500 7.9 6.0 6.8 5.9 6.9 5.1 7.0 5.6 7.0 5.4 6.5 5.2 1 Not seasonally adjusted. Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Reason Apr. 2013 Mar. 2014 Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Dec. 2013 Jan. 2014 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . Job leavers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . 6,079 1,080 4,998 3,840 1,158 836 2,966 1,133 5,779 1,236 4,543 3,370 1,174 780 2,929 1,049 4,972 931 4,041 2,996 1,045 751 2,425 932 6,367 1,179 5,188 3,933 1,255 857 3,131 1,268 5,366 997 4,369 3,219 1,150 862 3,036 1,201 5,407 986 4,421 3,341 1,080 818 2,937 1,184 5,448 1,036 4,412 3,230 1,182 823 2,997 1,229 5,489 1,051 4,438 3,295 1,143 815 3,037 1,169 5,236 1,021 4,215 3,077 1,138 784 2,620 1,043 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . 55.2 9.8 45.4 7.6 26.9 10.3 54.8 11.7 43.1 7.4 27.8 10.0 54.8 10.3 44.5 8.3 26.7 10.3 54.8 10.1 44.6 7.4 26.9 10.9 51.3 9.5 41.8 8.2 29.0 11.5 52.3 9.5 42.7 7.9 28.4 11.4 51.9 9.9 42.0 7.8 28.5 11.7 52.2 10.0 42.2 7.8 28.9 11.1 54.1 10.5 43.5 8.1 27.1 10.8 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . 3.9 0.5 1.9 0.7 3.7 0.5 1.9 0.7 3.2 0.5 1.6 0.6 4.1 0.6 2.0 0.8 3.5 0.6 2.0 0.8 3.5 0.5 1.9 0.8 3.5 0.5 1.9 0.8 3.5 0.5 1.9 0.7 3.4 0.5 1.7 0.7 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Duration Apr. 2013 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2013 Dec. 2013 Jan. 2014 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,045 2,375 6,594 2,106 4,488 2,064 2,766 5,708 1,913 3,795 1,993 1,946 5,139 1,653 3,486 2,491 2,844 6,329 1,969 4,360 2,255 2,506 5,530 1,651 3,878 2,434 2,429 5,336 1,689 3,646 2,373 2,568 5,464 1,615 3,849 2,461 2,581 5,417 1,677 3,739 2,447 2,359 4,985 1,533 3,452 Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.0 20.0 36.2 17.3 37.1 18.4 36.6 17.3 37.1 17.1 35.4 16.0 37.1 16.4 35.6 16.3 35.1 16.0 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.6 21.6 59.9 19.1 40.8 19.6 26.2 54.2 18.2 36.0 22.0 21.4 56.6 18.2 38.4 21.4 24.4 54.3 16.9 37.4 21.9 24.4 53.7 16.0 37.7 23.9 23.8 52.3 16.6 35.8 22.8 24.7 52.5 15.5 37.0 23.5 24.7 51.8 16.0 35.8 25.0 24.1 50.9 15.7 35.3 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Employed Occupation Total, 16 years and over1............................................ . Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Management, business, and financial operations occupations......... . . . . . . . . . . ................................. . Professional and related occupations......................... . Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and related occupations................................. . Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations....................................................... . Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................................................... . Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Unemployed Unemployment rates Apr. 2013 Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Apr. 2014 143,724 54,767 145,767 55,896 11,014 1,980 9,079 1,642 7.1 3.5 5.9 2.9 22,737 32,031 25,840 33,616 15,457 18,159 22,707 33,189 25,755 33,873 16,076 17,797 836 1,144 2,294 2,501 1,151 1,349 748 894 1,777 2,079 997 1,082 3.5 3.4 8.2 6.9 6.9 6.9 3.2 2.6 6.5 5.8 5.8 5.7 12,680 858 6,786 5,036 13,178 935 7,536 4,707 1,483 104 1,137 242 1,168 152 821 195 10.5 10.8 14.3 4.6 8.1 14.0 9.8 4.0 16,821 8,009 8,811 17,065 8,184 8,881 1,601 726 875 1,446 671 776 8.7 8.3 9.0 7.8 7.6 8.0 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Industry and class of worker Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... . Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing......... . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . ......................................... . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government workers.................................................................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Apr. 2013 Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Apr. 2014 11,014 8,608 73 1,077 963 583 379 1,484 355 152 515 1,259 983 1,327 420 110 715 447 9,079 7,105 39 796 790 441 349 1,225 372 175 470 1,062 826 1,047 304 151 581 310 7.1 7.1 6.1 13.2 6.4 6.2 6.7 7.4 5.7 5.4 5.4 8.1 4.4 9.6 6.7 9.1 3.3 4.5 5.9 5.8 3.8 9.4 5.2 4.6 6.1 5.9 6.0 5.7 5.0 6.8 3.7 8.0 4.8 11.0 2.7 3.2 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent] Not seasonally adjusted Measure U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force.................................... . Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2013 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Dec. 2013 Jan. 2014 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014 4.3 3.7 3.3 4.1 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.9 3.7 3.2 4.1 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.4 7.1 6.8 5.9 7.5 6.7 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.3 7.6 7.2 6.3 8.0 7.2 7.1 7.2 7.1 6.7 8.5 8.1 7.2 8.9 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.0 7.6 13.4 12.8 11.8 13.9 13.1 12.7 12.6 12.7 12.3 NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Category Apr. 2013 Men Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Women Apr. 2014 Apr. 2013 Apr. 2014 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . . 90,436 6,329 2,347 835 1,512 92,594 6,088 2,160 783 1,378 36,095 2,958 1,220 496 724 37,384 2,963 1,192 488 704 54,340 3,370 1,127 339 788 55,210 3,125 969 295 674 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders4. . . . . . . . . ................................... . Percent of total employed......................................... . Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both full time. . . . . . . . . . . . .......... . Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,029 4.9 3,761 1,934 198 1,089 7,162 4.9 3,805 2,008 246 1,055 3,493 4.6 2,177 587 104 608 3,498 4.5 2,105 686 149 539 3,536 5.2 1,583 1,347 93 481 3,665 5.3 1,699 1,322 97 516 1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. 2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p 135,911 113,617 18,458 136,192 114,047 18,383 137,136 114,881 18,556 138,288 115,990 18,807 135,885 114,010 18,669 137,761 115,908 18,924 137,964 116,110 18,953 138,252 116,383 19,006 Change from: Mar.2014 Apr.2014p 288 273 53 Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, except oil and gas1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 848 48.9 799.3 194.0 208.3 78.1 397.0 875 52.5 822.3 206.9 204.0 78.5 411.4 884 52.6 830.9 206.8 205.8 77.7 418.3 896 50.5 845.8 208.2 211.2 78.2 426.4 857 52.3 805.1 194.9 210.8 78.1 399.4 892 54.1 837.9 207.8 212.9 78.7 417.2 897 55.2 842.1 207.8 212.4 78.0 421.9 906 54.0 851.7 208.9 213.6 78.5 429.2 9 -1.2 9.6 1.1 1.2 0.5 7.3 Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 5,669 1,247.0 592.2 654.8 850.2 3,572.0 1,504.3 2,067.7 5,529 1,270.3 614.9 655.4 793.2 3,465.4 1,470.0 1,995.4 5,655 1,287.1 622.9 664.2 822.4 3,545.2 1,505.7 2,039.5 5,867 1,317.1 641.8 675.3 889.1 3,660.5 1,562.4 2,098.1 5,811 1,279.8 609.2 670.6 879.9 3,650.8 1,540.2 2,110.6 5,951 1,334.4 648.4 686.0 902.4 3,713.7 1,585.9 2,127.8 5,968 1,339.3 652.4 686.9 904.3 3,724.4 1,591.8 2,132.6 6,000 1,350.3 659.3 691.0 914.8 3,734.6 1,598.0 2,136.6 32 11.0 6.9 4.1 10.5 10.2 6.2 4.0 Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,941 11,979 12,017 12,044 12,001 12,081 12,088 12,100 12 Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer and electronic products1. . . . . . . . . . Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semiconductors and electronic components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . Transportation equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,513 345.6 368.6 397.4 1,424.5 1,104.9 1,065.1 156.6 103.2 7,551 356.4 363.8 395.4 1,438.0 1,110.8 1,052.8 161.5 99.0 7,586 358.0 371.4 396.5 1,438.8 1,114.9 1,055.2 161.9 99.7 7,606 362.5 380.3 398.0 1,446.2 1,118.0 1,051.3 162.1 100.3 7,533 348.5 372.0 397.3 1,428.4 1,107.1 1,069.0 157.4 103.6 7,599 362.6 379.2 397.0 1,447.9 1,112.8 1,057.4 162.0 99.5 7,613 363.8 381.0 397.0 1,446.8 1,115.8 1,057.6 162.5 99.9 7,624 365.8 382.8 397.3 1,450.6 1,120.0 1,055.2 162.7 100.6 11 2.0 1.8 0.3 3.8 4.2 -2.4 0.2 0.7 373.9 393.0 373.4 1,500.5 810.9 355.6 369.5 384.7 375.6 1,524.4 845.0 357.9 367.9 387.7 375.8 1,533.8 850.9 362.8 365.8 384.7 377.6 1,530.9 851.2 364.5 375.2 394.0 375.0 1,499.1 808.6 356.7 370.5 386.8 376.7 1,524.0 843.8 363.0 368.7 388.2 377.8 1,526.5 844.2 364.7 367.2 386.1 379.2 1,529.4 849.4 365.2 -1.5 -2.1 1.4 2.9 5.2 0.5 576.9 576.2 578.5 576.6 579.7 578.4 581.5 578.9 -2.6 Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,428 1,445.9 116.9 113.1 142.8 377.6 450.8 110.1 792.1 654.7 4,428 1,460.4 116.4 109.6 136.7 374.9 440.3 109.2 794.5 659.5 4,431 1,458.0 116.9 110.7 135.6 374.5 441.2 110.5 797.0 659.1 4,438 1,455.5 117.2 111.2 134.9 374.7 443.1 111.4 798.2 661.3 4,468 1,474.4 117.0 113.5 142.4 379.6 451.8 111.1 793.4 656.3 4,482 1,490.4 117.4 111.0 136.7 376.8 442.7 113.1 796.4 663.5 4,475 1,485.9 117.1 111.3 135.7 376.5 442.8 112.9 797.1 660.7 4,476 1,484.0 117.4 111.5 134.9 376.6 443.8 112.2 798.6 662.3 1 -1.9 0.3 0.2 -0.8 0.1 1.0 -0.7 1.5 1.6 223.7 226.1 227.8 230.4 228.1 233.7 234.6 234.7 0.1 Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,159 95,664 96,325 97,183 95,341 96,984 97,157 97,377 220 Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,500 25,771 25,877 26,048 25,718 26,171 26,215 26,274 59 Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic markets and agents and brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,704.5 2,853.4 1,971.2 879.9 896.0 897.1 904.0 882.3 903.9 902.1 906.5 4.4 Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle and parts dealers1. . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,801.7 1,778.2 1,127.2 14,940.8 1,808.8 1,154.2 15,002.9 1,822.6 1,157.6 15,122.0 1,842.5 1,162.1 14,967.0 1,778.0 1,127.9 15,234.6 1,833.2 1,162.4 15,259.4 1,835.7 1,162.0 15,293.9 1,841.4 1,162.6 34.5 5.7 0.6 See footnotes at end of table. 5,780.1 2,903.2 1,980.9 5,799.3 2,916.8 1,985.4 5,833.2 2,921.6 2,007.6 5,724.0 2,865.2 1,976.5 5,829.8 2,919.5 2,006.4 5,834.2 2,928.3 2,003.8 5,849.9 2,931.4 2,012.0 15.7 3.1 8.2 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2014p Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Change from: Mar.2014 Apr.2014p Retail trade - Continued Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . Building material and garden supply stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit and ground passenger transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439.0 482.4 443.8 502.8 442.2 497.6 444.6 481.2 444.4 489.8 448.9 504.3 449.0 502.1 450.0 491.6 1.0 -10.5 1,236.7 2,881.8 1,009.0 852.0 1,327.3 1,172.8 2,953.6 1,003.0 855.0 1,344.4 1,206.9 2,958.4 1,008.1 859.3 1,339.9 1,262.8 2,971.7 1,006.5 866.6 1,356.0 1,193.7 2,910.9 1,015.3 858.9 1,379.8 1,222.4 2,985.1 1,009.2 871.7 1,398.9 1,218.9 2,993.4 1,015.1 873.1 1,397.8 1,221.7 3,002.4 1,013.8 873.7 1,408.3 2.8 9.0 -1.3 0.6 10.5 569.3 2,997.2 1,309.5 784.2 444.6 572.9 3,035.1 1,308.1 781.1 467.5 574.5 3,053.3 1,301.3 774.2 465.9 574.9 3,060.9 1,297.7 786.0 468.3 588.7 3,048.7 1,344.7 799.4 459.4 589.5 3,101.3 1,339.1 794.8 475.3 594.9 3,104.0 1,337.2 797.5 477.9 596.4 3,112.2 1,332.7 800.4 482.0 1.5 8.2 -4.5 2.9 4.1 4,442.4 448.8 232.8 65.0 1,364.7 4,502.7 450.8 231.8 65.6 1,355.1 4,525.0 455.2 232.7 65.3 1,367.7 4,543.9 453.3 234.1 66.9 1,386.4 4,475.5 448.5 232.5 65.9 1,380.7 4,557.2 453.4 233.1 67.5 1,390.4 4,569.2 455.9 233.2 66.7 1,394.7 4,580.5 452.7 233.6 67.6 1,401.5 11.3 -3.2 0.4 0.9 6.8 463.0 43.3 26.0 588.1 514.4 696.3 465.1 45.1 22.5 598.8 547.2 720.7 468.0 45.1 23.8 599.9 540.9 726.4 466.0 45.3 26.5 607.2 531.7 726.5 447.3 43.7 28.7 589.2 534.0 705.0 451.5 45.2 29.2 601.6 556.1 729.2 453.9 45.3 29.1 603.2 554.4 732.8 451.2 45.6 29.2 608.0 555.7 735.4 -2.7 0.3 0.1 4.8 1.3 2.6 Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551.1 547.3 550.2 548.7 551.9 549.8 551.7 549.6 -2.1 Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . Motion picture and sound recording industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing, hosting and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,684 733.5 2,646 726.4 2,653 726.6 2,648 725.7 2,688 735.7 2,660 729.7 2,659 728.8 2,656 727.8 -3 -1.0 357.8 285.9 850.9 310.0 286.6 853.6 313.0 287.5 854.4 302.7 289.1 856.5 358.0 285.3 852.3 318.2 287.1 852.9 315.0 287.5 854.6 307.7 288.4 857.5 -7.3 0.9 2.9 266.5 189.8 267.2 202.4 267.9 203.7 268.7 204.8 265.5 191.5 268.7 203.7 268.0 205.1 268.1 206.4 0.1 1.3 Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . Credit intermediation and related activities1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 7,834 5,858.6 17.7 7,861 5,872.8 18.1 7,869 5,868.6 18.0 7,889 5,862.3 18.0 7,863 5,870.7 17.9 7,910 5,880.8 18.3 7,910 5,875.9 18.2 7,916 5,874.3 18.2 6 -1.6 0.0 2,619.9 1,735.5 1,313.8 2,578.6 1,708.2 1,283.2 2,570.6 1,705.3 1,281.0 2,565.2 1,699.9 1,275.1 2,623.0 1,737.5 1,316.0 2,582.3 1,709.9 1,283.7 2,575.3 1,707.4 1,281.4 2,569.6 1,701.9 1,277.3 -5.7 -5.5 -4.1 860.4 2,360.6 1,975.8 1,439.4 513.4 23.0 868.9 2,407.2 1,988.1 1,450.5 515.6 22.0 871.2 2,408.8 2,000.1 1,457.2 520.8 22.1 870.1 2,409.0 2,027.1 1,471.3 533.8 22.0 862.4 2,367.4 1,991.8 1,447.6 521.0 23.2 870.5 2,409.7 2,028.7 1,473.6 532.9 22.2 871.3 2,411.1 2,033.8 1,478.1 533.4 22.3 871.8 2,414.7 2,041.9 1,480.0 539.7 22.2 0.5 3.6 8.1 1.9 6.3 -0.1 18,404 8,163.1 1,132.0 1,027.9 1,334.5 18,696 8,318.5 1,129.6 1,063.9 1,362.4 18,833 8,328.0 1,134.3 1,051.4 1,369.0 19,074 8,364.4 1,132.6 1,038.3 1,380.0 18,434 8,090.8 1,135.7 926.0 1,344.8 18,973 8,253.1 1,136.4 934.2 1,381.8 19,025 8,264.8 1,137.6 934.2 1,386.6 19,100 8,289.9 1,136.4 936.6 1,390.4 75 25.1 -1.2 2.4 3.8 1,682.0 1,730.8 1,729.1 1,744.6 1,686.9 1,735.9 1,739.4 1,748.3 8.9 1,161.7 2,073.6 1,195.5 2,107.2 1,201.5 2,113.6 1,212.6 2,123.5 1,165.4 2,084.1 1,206.3 2,119.7 1,211.0 2,121.7 1,216.0 2,133.6 5.0 11.9 Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and technical services1. . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . Computer systems design and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management of companies and enterprises. . . See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Change from: Mar.2014 Apr.2014p Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Administrative and support services1. . . . . . . . Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . Waste management and remediation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,167.5 7,796.6 3,202.5 2,548.3 838.5 1,865.2 8,269.8 7,902.0 3,358.8 2,685.6 861.2 1,764.3 8,391.6 8,021.0 3,425.5 2,739.5 858.3 1,801.9 8,585.8 8,210.3 3,486.5 2,794.6 855.4 1,923.1 8,259.4 7,884.2 3,274.5 2,612.1 844.8 1,867.9 8,599.9 8,223.6 3,495.8 2,806.8 860.4 1,926.8 8,638.0 8,259.7 3,530.5 2,831.5 861.1 1,923.3 8,676.6 8,297.3 3,558.1 2,855.5 862.4 1,925.2 38.6 37.6 27.6 24.0 1.3 1.9 370.9 367.8 370.6 375.5 375.2 376.3 378.3 379.3 1.0 Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . . Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing and residential care facilities1. . . . Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Social assistance1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,222 3,509.8 17,712.0 14,456.8 6,446.1 2,421.0 672.5 1,225.4 4,793.4 3,217.3 1,654.0 3,255.2 868.8 21,388 3,514.8 17,873.5 14,578.9 6,570.5 2,464.9 703.7 1,257.2 4,781.3 3,227.1 1,640.8 3,294.6 868.0 21,486 3,541.4 17,944.1 14,626.9 6,599.0 2,473.9 706.3 1,267.3 4,793.0 3,234.9 1,643.4 3,317.2 876.3 21,553 3,567.1 17,985.5 14,652.6 6,619.6 2,477.8 710.4 1,272.6 4,788.8 3,244.2 1,649.7 3,332.9 878.3 21,040 3,345.1 17,695.1 14,470.0 6,450.8 2,427.9 672.5 1,224.1 4,799.0 3,220.2 1,656.0 3,225.1 845.2 21,290 3,378.5 17,911.9 14,627.6 6,592.4 2,471.9 704.1 1,263.9 4,790.1 3,245.1 1,651.0 3,284.3 852.3 21,327 3,384.1 17,942.9 14,649.5 6,612.4 2,477.6 706.8 1,270.6 4,793.2 3,243.9 1,647.9 3,293.4 853.5 21,367 3,396.5 17,970.8 14,668.2 6,625.0 2,483.2 710.3 1,273.1 4,794.9 3,248.3 1,651.5 3,302.6 853.5 40 12.4 27.9 18.7 12.6 5.6 3.5 2.5 1.7 4.4 3.6 9.2 0.0 Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 14,070 1,969.9 434.8 13,873 1,885.1 405.0 14,145 1,940.1 420.4 14,470 2,019.8 447.0 14,145 2,018.3 423.3 14,495 2,089.2 435.3 14,529 2,084.6 435.6 14,557 2,075.4 434.9 28 -9.2 -0.7 137.3 1,397.8 12,100.4 1,813.5 10,286.9 130.8 1,349.3 11,987.9 1,779.6 10,208.3 134.7 1,385.0 12,205.2 1,805.6 10,399.6 140.4 1,432.4 12,450.4 1,833.5 10,616.9 139.5 1,455.5 12,127.1 1,860.0 10,267.1 142.2 1,511.7 12,405.8 1,870.1 10,535.7 142.3 1,506.7 12,444.2 1,873.2 10,571.0 142.5 1,498.0 12,481.7 1,878.1 10,603.6 0.2 -8.7 37.5 4.9 32.6 Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership associations and organizations. . . 5,445 1,212.3 1,335.1 2,897.8 5,429 1,196.3 1,337.5 2,895.4 5,462 1,207.7 1,351.2 2,903.5 5,501 1,216.2 1,368.1 2,916.2 5,453 1,209.9 1,333.2 2,910.3 5,485 1,208.2 1,355.0 2,921.3 5,492 1,211.1 1,359.4 2,921.9 5,507 1,213.2 1,365.4 2,928.0 15 2.1 6.0 6.1 Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 22,294 2,795.0 2,187.5 607.9 5,211.0 2,558.8 2,651.8 14,288.0 8,106.3 6,181.3 22,145 2,702.0 2,115.5 586.6 5,188.0 2,539.5 2,648.5 14,255.0 8,087.0 6,167.8 22,255 2,703.0 2,115.6 587.1 5,210.0 2,557.6 2,651.9 14,342.0 8,148.2 6,193.6 22,298 2,718.0 2,118.9 598.7 5,221.0 2,566.4 2,654.1 14,359.0 8,139.0 6,219.8 21,875 2,791.0 2,190.2 600.6 5,053.0 2,399.7 2,653.1 14,031.0 7,767.8 6,263.6 21,853 2,718.0 2,129.4 588.6 5,066.0 2,407.4 2,658.2 14,069.0 7,779.8 6,289.1 21,854 2,711.0 2,123.4 587.8 5,061.0 2,403.9 2,657.4 14,082.0 7,786.6 6,295.6 21,869 2,708.0 2,119.4 588.6 5,062.0 2,405.5 2,656.1 14,099.0 7,798.6 6,300.4 15 -3.0 -4.0 0.8 1.0 1.6 -1.3 17.0 12.0 4.8 Industry Professional and business services - Continued 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p Preliminary 2 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 34.4 40.3 43.2 39.0 40.7 41.1 40.0 33.3 34.5 38.5 31.4 38.6 42.2 36.6 37.2 36.0 32.7 26.1 31.8 34.3 40.2 45.0 38.1 40.8 41.3 40.1 33.1 34.3 38.7 31.1 38.6 42.2 36.9 37.1 36.1 32.5 25.8 31.6 34.5 40.6 45.5 39.1 41.0 41.4 40.4 33.3 34.4 38.9 31.2 38.6 42.3 37.0 37.2 36.3 32.6 26.2 31.8 34.5 40.5 44.1 39.2 40.8 41.3 40.1 33.3 34.4 38.8 31.2 38.7 42.1 36.9 37.1 36.2 32.8 26.2 31.8 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.... . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................. . 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.4 Industry p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services.................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . .................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $23.86 24.98 29.12 26.04 24.18 25.56 21.78 23.60 20.92 27.60 16.61 22.23 34.88 32.82 30.00 28.48 24.35 13.43 21.24 $24.29 25.58 30.76 26.56 24.71 26.10 22.28 23.99 21.30 27.96 16.84 22.84 35.93 33.38 30.47 28.92 24.59 13.76 21.87 $24.31 25.61 30.88 26.50 24.75 26.13 22.35 24.00 21.34 28.05 16.88 22.86 35.66 33.67 30.59 28.94 24.58 13.73 21.72 $24.31 25.59 30.70 26.58 24.70 26.04 22.35 24.01 21.40 28.10 16.93 23.00 35.50 33.83 30.50 28.91 24.58 13.78 21.73 $820.78 1,006.69 1,257.98 1,015.56 984.13 1,050.52 871.20 785.88 721.74 1,062.60 521.55 858.08 1,471.94 1,201.21 1,116.00 1,025.28 796.25 350.52 675.43 $833.15 1,028.32 1,384.20 1,011.94 1,008.17 1,077.93 893.43 794.07 730.59 1,082.05 523.72 881.62 1,516.25 1,231.72 1,130.44 1,044.01 799.18 355.01 691.09 $838.70 1,039.77 1,405.04 1,036.15 1,014.75 1,081.78 902.94 799.20 734.10 1,091.15 526.66 882.40 1,508.42 1,245.79 1,137.95 1,050.52 801.31 359.73 690.70 $838.70 1,036.40 1,353.87 1,041.94 1,007.76 1,075.45 896.24 799.53 736.16 1,090.28 528.22 890.10 1,494.55 1,248.33 1,131.55 1,046.54 806.22 361.04 691.01 p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours1 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2 Industry Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Percent change from: Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.0 85.7 116.3 78.1 87.9 87.2 89.2 101.6 96.5 96.2 95.5 98.9 100.8 89.8 95.8 104.4 110.4 105.3 96.1 99.4 86.7 126.1 78.2 88.7 88.4 89.7 102.7 97.6 98.4 96.2 100.7 100.4 89.6 96.1 107.7 111.1 106.7 96.0 100.1 87.7 128.2 80.4 89.2 88.7 90.2 103.5 98.1 99.0 96.7 100.9 101.0 89.8 96.4 108.6 111.6 108.6 96.8 100.4 87.7 125.5 81.1 88.8 88.6 89.6 103.8 98.3 99.0 96.9 101.5 100.1 89.5 96.2 108.7 112.5 108.8 97.0 0.3 0.0 -2.1 0.9 -0.4 -0.1 -0.7 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.6 -0.9 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.2 1 Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Percent change from: Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014p 111.6 96.8 136.0 88.4 98.8 99.0 98.6 116.3 108.7 110.7 104.8 111.5 116.1 105.0 112.1 120.4 126.7 114.1 115.8 115.2 100.2 155.8 90.2 101.9 102.4 101.4 119.5 111.9 114.9 107.1 116.7 119.2 106.5 114.2 126.2 128.6 118.5 119.2 116.2 101.5 159.0 92.6 102.6 103.0 102.3 120.5 112.7 115.9 107.9 117.1 119.0 107.7 115.0 127.4 129.2 120.3 119.3 116.5 101.4 154.8 93.6 102.0 102.5 101.6 120.8 113.2 116.1 108.5 118.4 117.4 107.8 114.4 127.4 130.2 121.0 119.7 0.3 -0.1 -2.6 1.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.6 1.1 -1.3 0.1 -0.5 0.0 0.8 0.6 0.3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees Industry Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods................................. . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................... . Information........................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................... . Government............................................ . 67,171 54,692 4,111 118 741 3,252 1,738 1,514 50,581 10,391 1,693.3 7,513.3 1,048.5 136.3 1,068 4,542 8,186 16,176 7,362 2,856 12,479 68,065 55,590 4,151 119 754 3,278 1,751 1,527 51,439 10,602 1,725.7 7,669.7 1,072.5 134.0 1,068 4,543 8,467 16,351 7,536 2,872 12,475 68,165 55,685 4,154 119 758 3,277 1,751 1,526 51,531 10,628 1,719.9 7,694.2 1,079.9 134.1 1,069 4,536 8,493 16,375 7,550 2,880 12,480 68,331 55,838 4,162 121 759 3,282 1,754 1,528 51,676 10,660 1,726.4 7,718.1 1,081.6 133.4 1,068 4,538 8,535 16,408 7,577 2,890 12,493 49.4 48.0 22.0 13.8 12.8 27.1 23.1 33.9 53.1 40.4 29.6 50.2 23.4 24.7 39.7 57.8 44.4 76.9 52.0 52.4 57.0 49.4 48.0 21.9 13.3 12.7 27.1 23.0 34.1 53.0 40.5 29.6 50.3 23.5 24.4 40.2 57.4 44.6 76.8 52.0 52.4 57.1 49.4 48.0 21.9 13.3 12.7 27.1 23.0 34.1 53.0 40.5 29.5 50.4 23.6 24.3 40.2 57.3 44.6 76.8 52.0 52.4 57.1 49.4 48.0 21.9 13.4 12.7 27.1 23.0 34.1 53.1 40.6 29.5 50.5 23.6 24.3 40.2 57.3 44.7 76.8 52.1 52.5 57.1 p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [In thousands] Industry Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing........ . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade.................................................................. . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing............................................... . Utilities............................................................................. . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . ......................................... . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . 94,175 13,437 632 4,391 8,414 5,175 3,239 80,738 21,762 4,608.9 12,838.7 3,869.2 444.8 2,178 6,056 15,229 18,462 12,495 4,556 95,814 13,641 655 4,503 8,483 5,230 3,253 82,173 22,119 4,707.0 13,026.7 3,940.4 445.2 2,155 6,098 15,735 18,697 12,802 4,567 96,008 13,675 658 4,520 8,497 5,243 3,254 82,333 22,153 4,710.4 13,043.8 3,952.2 446.1 2,154 6,097 15,789 18,731 12,832 4,577 96,275 13,743 665 4,556 8,522 5,264 3,258 82,532 22,197 4,737.4 13,055.8 3,959.0 444.9 2,154 6,108 15,866 18,762 12,858 4,587 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 33.7 41.2 45.5 39.6 41.8 42.1 41.2 32.4 33.6 38.6 30.1 38.5 41.8 35.9 36.7 35.3 32.2 25.0 30.8 33.4 40.8 47.5 38.4 41.5 42.0 40.9 32.2 33.2 38.5 29.6 38.0 42.1 36.2 36.6 35.3 31.9 24.8 30.6 33.7 41.5 47.8 39.5 42.0 42.4 41.4 32.4 33.5 38.7 29.9 38.4 42.0 36.1 36.8 35.5 32.0 25.2 30.8 33.7 41.4 47.3 39.7 41.9 42.3 41.2 32.4 33.6 38.6 30.0 38.5 41.9 36.1 36.6 35.5 32.1 25.2 30.8 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.... . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................. . 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.1 4.6 4.7 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.2 Industry 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services.................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . .................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $20.04 21.17 26.63 24.24 19.21 20.24 17.52 19.80 17.63 22.47 13.94 19.63 31.98 27.94 23.71 23.61 21.19 11.72 17.89 $20.49 21.46 26.72 24.56 19.48 20.54 17.72 20.28 18.17 23.26 14.23 20.28 32.96 28.70 24.45 24.13 21.53 11.94 18.36 $20.47 21.50 26.44 24.53 19.54 20.64 17.74 20.26 18.16 23.15 14.26 20.39 32.83 28.71 24.57 24.10 21.49 11.96 18.27 $20.50 21.55 26.53 24.66 19.53 20.63 17.72 20.28 18.24 23.29 14.30 20.52 32.75 28.89 24.57 24.07 21.49 11.96 18.32 $675.35 872.20 1,211.67 959.90 802.98 852.10 721.82 641.52 592.37 867.34 419.59 755.76 1,336.76 1,003.05 870.16 833.43 682.32 293.00 551.01 $684.37 875.57 1,269.20 943.10 808.42 862.68 724.75 653.02 603.24 895.51 421.21 770.64 1,387.62 1,038.94 894.87 851.79 686.81 296.11 561.82 $689.84 892.25 1,263.83 968.94 820.68 875.14 734.44 656.42 608.36 895.91 426.37 782.98 1,378.86 1,036.43 904.18 855.55 687.68 301.39 562.72 $690.85 892.17 1,254.87 979.00 818.31 872.65 730.06 657.07 612.86 898.99 429.00 790.02 1,372.23 1,042.93 899.26 854.49 689.83 301.39 564.26 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [2002=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours2 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3 Industry Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Percent change from: Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.8 84.6 152.8 87.1 80.7 81.9 78.6 111.4 101.9 104.8 97.8 112.1 95.1 89.2 104.6 120.5 126.9 114.4 98.4 106.6 85.0 165.3 86.6 80.8 82.5 78.4 112.7 102.4 106.7 97.6 112.7 95.9 89.0 105.1 124.5 127.3 116.3 98.0 107.8 86.7 167.1 89.4 81.9 83.5 79.4 113.6 103.5 107.4 98.7 114.2 95.8 88.8 105.6 125.6 127.9 118.4 98.9 108.1 86.9 167.2 90.6 82.0 83.7 79.1 113.9 104.0 107.7 99.1 114.7 95.3 88.8 105.2 126.2 128.5 118.7 99.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.2 1 Apr. 2013 Feb. 2014 Mar. 2014p Apr. 2014p Percent change from: Mar. 2014 Apr. 2014p 141.6 109.7 236.7 114.0 101.4 103.4 97.3 151.3 128.2 138.7 116.9 139.6 126.9 123.4 152.6 169.3 177.4 152.3 128.3 146.0 111.8 256.9 114.8 103.0 105.8 98.2 156.7 132.7 146.2 119.0 145.0 131.9 126.5 158.0 178.8 180.8 157.7 131.1 147.5 114.2 257.0 118.4 104.7 107.6 99.5 157.9 134.0 146.4 120.7 147.8 131.3 126.1 159.7 180.2 181.4 160.9 131.6 148.1 114.7 257.9 120.6 104.7 107.8 99.0 158.4 135.3 147.7 121.5 149.3 130.3 126.9 159.1 180.8 182.3 161.2 132.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.9 0.0 0.2 -0.5 0.3 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.0 -0.8 0.6 -0.4 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.5 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary