Full text of The Employment Situation : April 2009
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News United States Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 http://www.bls.gov/cps/ USDL 09-0482 Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 http://www.bls.gov/ces/ Media contact: (202) 691-5902 Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT), Friday, May 8, 2009. THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: APRIL 2009 Nonfarm payroll employment continued to decline in April (-539,000), and the unemployment rate rose from 8.5 to 8.9 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Since the recession began in December 2007, 5.7 million jobs have been lost. In April, job losses were large and widespread across nearly all major private-sector industries. Overall, privatesector employment fell by 611,000. Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, April 2007 – April 2009 Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, seasonally adjusted, April 2007 – April 2009 Percent Thousands 10.0 400 9.0 200 8.0 0 7.0 -200 6.0 -400 5.0 -600 -800 4.0 A pr-07 Jul-07 Oct-07 Jan-08 A pr-08 Jul-08 Oct-08 Jan-09 A pr-09 A pr-07 Jul-07 Oct-07 Jan-08 A pr-08 Jul-08 Oct-08 Jan-09 A pr-09 Unemployment (Household Survey Data) The number of unemployed persons increased by 563,000 to 13.7 million in April, and the unemployment rate rose to 8.9 percent. Over the past 12 months, the number of unemployed persons has risen by 6.0 million, and the unemployment rate has grown by 3.9 percentage points. (See table A-1.) Unemployment rates rose in April for adult men (9.4 percent) and blacks (15.0 percent). The jobless rates for adult women (7.1 percent), teenagers (21.5 percent), whites (8.0 percent), and Hispanics (11.3 percent) were little changed over the month. The unemployment rate for Asians was 6.6 percent in April, not seasonally adjusted, up from 3.2 percent a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 2 Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Quarterly averages Category IV 2008 I 2009 Monthly data Feb. 2009 Apr. 2009 Mar.-Apr. change 154,731 141,007 13,724 80,541 683 120 563 -497 8.5 8.8 7.0 21.7 7.9 13.3 11.4 8.9 9.4 7.1 21.5 8.0 15.0 11.3 0.4 .6 .1 -.2 .1 1.7 -.1 p 132,953 p 19,514 p 6,458 p 12,301 p 113,439 p 14,870 p 16,899 p 19,148 p 13,194 p 22,541 p 132,414 p 19,244 p 6,348 p 12,152 p 113,170 p 14,824 p 16,777 p 19,163 p 13,150 p 22,613 p -539 p -270 p -110 p -149 p -269 p -47 p -122 p 15 p -44 p 72 p 33.2 p 39.6 p 2.7 p 0.0 p .2 p .1 Mar. 2009 Labor force status HOUSEHOLD DATA Civilian labor force …………….…………… 154,648 Employment …………………….………… 144,046 Unemployment ……………….…………… 10,602 Not in labor force ………………….………… 80,177 153,993 141,578 12,415 80,920 154,214 141,748 12,467 80,699 154,048 140,887 13,161 81,038 Unemployment rates All workers ……………….……………....… Adult men …………………....……...…… Adult women ………….…………………… Teenagers ………….………………...…… White ……….………….…...…………… Black or African American ………….…… Hispanic or Latino ethnicity ………..…… 6.9 6.8 5.6 20.7 6.3 11.5 8.9 8.1 8.2 6.7 21.3 7.4 13.1 10.7 8.1 8.1 6.7 21.6 7.3 13.4 10.9 Employment ESTABLISHMENT DATA Nonfarm employment ……….……...……… 135,727 Goods-producing 1…...…...……………… 20,803 Construction ..…...…………….………… 6,949 Manufacturing …………………....…… 13,062 Service-providing 1 ………...……..……… 114,924 Retail trade 2 …...…………….…..…… 15,127 Professional and business service ….....… 17,485 Education and health services …..…….… 19,035 Leisure and hospitality …...……………. 13,348 Government ………...…………………… 22,538 p 133,646 p 19,824 p 6,586 p 12,470 p 113,822 p 14,932 p 17,044 p 19,135 p 13,233 p 22,543 133,652 19,832 6,593 12,468 113,820 14,934 17,029 19,138 13,236 22,547 Hours of work 3 Total private ……...…………...…………… Manufacturing …………….……...……… Overtime ……...………………..…….… 33.4 40.2 3.2 p 33.3 p 39.6 p 2.7 33.3 39.5 2.7 p 33.2 p 39.4 p 2.6 Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 3 Total private ……...………………….……… 104.1 p 101.8 101.9 p 100.9 p 100.3 p -0.6 p $18.51 p 614.53 p $0.01 p .33 Earnings 3 Average hourly earnings, total private …...… Average weekly earnings, total private ……. 1 $18.34 612.55 p $18.46 p 614.21 $18.46 614.72 p $18.50 p 614.20 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated using unrounded data. 3 Data relate to private production and nonsupervisory workers. p = preliminary. 2 3 Among the unemployed, the number of job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs rose by 571,000 in April to 8.8 million. This group has more than doubled in size over the past 12 months. (See table A-8.) The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) increased by 498,000 to 3.7 million over the month and has risen by 2.4 million since the start of the recession in December 2007. (See table A-9.) Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) The civilian labor force participation rate rose in April to 65.8 percent, and the employmentpopulation ratio was unchanged at 59.9 percent. The employment-population ratios for adult men and women showed little or no change over the month. However, since December 2007, the men's ratio was down by 4.4 percentage points, while the women's ratio was down by 1.3 percentage points. (See table A-1.) In April, the number of persons working part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary part-time workers) was essentially unchanged at 8.9 million; however, the number of such workers has risen by 3.7 million over the past 12 months. (See table A-5.) Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) About 2.1 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally attached to the labor force in April, 675,000 more than a year earlier. These individuals wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. Among the marginally attached, there were 740,000 discouraged workers in April, up by 328,000 from a year earlier. Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The other 1.4 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in April had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-13.) Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data) Nonfarm payroll employment fell by 539,000 in April to 132.4 million; private-sector employment declined by 611,000. Since the recession began in December 2007, payroll employment has fallen by 5.7 million. In April, job losses continued in most major private-sector industries. Employment rose in the federal government mainly due to hiring of temporary workers for Census 2010. (See table B-1.) Employment in manufacturing fell by 149,000 over the month, with widespread job losses among the component industries. Three durable goods industries—transportation equipment (-34,000), fabricated metal products (-29,000), and machinery (-22,000)—accounted for more than half of the decline. Since September 2008, manufacturing has lost 1.2 million jobs. Construction employment declined by 110,000 in April, with losses spread throughout the sector. Over the past 6 months, job losses have averaged 120,000 per month, compared with 46,000 per month from December 2007 through October 2008. 4 The professional and business services industry lost 122,000 jobs in April. This industry has shed an average of 139,000 jobs per month since October 2008. Half of the April decline occurred in temporary help services. Employment in retail trade fell by 47,000 in April. Job losses in department stores (-14,000), automobile dealers (-9,000), and building material and garden supply stores (-8,000) accounted for most of the decline. Wholesale trade employment was down by 41,000 over the month, with much of the decrease among durable goods wholesalers. Employment in transportation and warehousing declined by 38,000 in April, with losses concentrated in truck transportation (-16,000) and warehousing and storage (-8,000). Employment in financial activities declined by 40,000 over the month. Job losses occurred throughout the sector, including real estate and rental and leasing (-15,000) and credit intermediation and related activities (-14,000). The leisure and hospitality industry lost 44,000 jobs in April. Health care employment grew by 17,000 in April. Job gains in health care have averaged 17,000 per month thus far in 2009, down from an average of 30,000 per month during 2008. Employment in federal government rose by 66,000 over the month largely due to the hiring of temporary workers for Census 2010 preparatory work. The change in total nonfarm employment for February was revised from -651,000 to -681,000, and the change for March was revised from -663,000 to -699,000. Monthly revisions result from additional sample reports and the monthly recalculation of seasonal factors. Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data) In April, the average workweek for production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.2 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek increased by 0.2 hour to 39.6 hours, and factory overtime rose by 0.1 hour to 2.7 hours. (See table B-2.) The index of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls fell by 0.6 percent in April. The manufacturing index declined by 0.9 percent over the month. (See table B-5.) Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data) In April, average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls was essentially unchanged. This followed a gain of 4 cents in March. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings increased by 3.2 percent, and average weekly earnings rose by 1.3 percent. (See table B-3.) _____________________________ The Employment Situation for May 2009 is scheduled to be released on Friday, June 5, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT). 5 Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates Why are there two monthly measures of employment? The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of 107,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? Neither the establishment nor household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Thus, while it is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The household survey does include questions about whether respondents were born outside the United States. Data from these questions show that foreign-born workers accounted for 15.6 percent of the labor force in 2008. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit http://www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past 6 values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance benefits? No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in the Employment Situation news release. Technical Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides the information on the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with state agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses and government agencies covering approximately 400,000 individual worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of unemployment insurance tax accounts. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2007 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: • The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. • The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. • The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. • The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity. Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most supersectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus 430,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -330,000 to 530,000 (100,000 +/- 430,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment is about +/-280,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/-.19 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly estimates. The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component uses business deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from 0.1 percent to 0.6 percent. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-8778339. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted 1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Apr. 2008 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 233,198 153,208 65.7 145,921 62.6 7,287 4.8 79,990 4,677 235,086 153,728 65.4 139,833 59.5 13,895 9.0 81,358 5,535 235,271 153,834 65.4 140,586 59.8 13,248 8.6 81,437 5,868 233,198 153,932 66.0 146,257 62.7 7,675 5.0 79,267 4,782 235,035 154,447 65.7 143,338 61.0 11,108 7.2 80,588 5,488 234,739 153,716 65.5 142,099 60.5 11,616 7.6 81,023 5,643 234,913 154,214 65.6 141,748 60.3 12,467 8.1 80,699 5,645 235,086 154,048 65.5 140,887 59.9 13,161 8.5 81,038 5,814 235,271 154,731 65.8 141,007 59.9 13,724 8.9 80,541 5,935 112,803 81,864 72.6 77,745 68.9 4,119 5.0 30,939 113,758 81,839 71.9 73,195 64.3 8,644 10.6 31,919 113,857 81,878 71.9 73,771 64.8 8,107 9.9 31,979 112,803 82,290 73.0 78,029 69.2 4,262 5.2 30,512 113,769 82,338 72.4 75,847 66.7 6,491 7.9 31,431 113,573 81,863 72.1 75,092 66.1 6,771 8.3 31,710 113,666 81,994 72.1 74,777 65.8 7,217 8.8 31,672 113,758 81,804 71.9 74,053 65.1 7,751 9.5 31,954 113,857 82,358 72.3 74,116 65.1 8,242 10.0 31,498 104,152 78,632 75.5 75,048 72.1 3,584 4.6 25,520 105,095 78,826 75.0 70,984 67.5 7,842 9.9 26,269 105,196 78,811 74.9 71,468 67.9 7,343 9.3 26,386 104,152 78,820 75.7 75,147 72.2 3,673 4.7 25,332 105,083 78,998 75.2 73,285 69.7 5,714 7.2 26,085 104,902 78,585 74.9 72,613 69.2 5,972 7.6 26,318 104,999 78,687 74.9 72,293 68.9 6,394 8.1 26,312 105,095 78,578 74.8 71,655 68.2 6,923 8.8 26,516 105,196 79,081 75.2 71,678 68.1 7,403 9.4 26,115 120,396 71,344 59.3 68,176 56.6 3,168 4.4 49,052 121,328 71,889 59.3 66,638 54.9 5,251 7.3 49,438 121,415 71,956 59.3 66,815 55.0 5,141 7.1 49,458 120,396 71,641 59.5 68,228 56.7 3,413 4.8 48,754 121,266 72,109 59.5 67,491 55.7 4,618 6.4 49,157 121,166 71,853 59.3 67,007 55.3 4,845 6.7 49,313 121,247 72,220 59.6 66,970 55.2 5,250 7.3 49,027 121,328 72,244 59.5 66,834 55.1 5,410 7.5 49,084 121,415 72,372 59.6 66,890 55.1 5,482 7.6 49,042 111,990 68,053 60.8 65,329 58.3 2,724 4.0 43,937 112,908 68,883 61.0 64,123 56.8 4,760 6.9 44,025 112,999 68,957 61.0 64,318 56.9 4,639 6.7 44,041 111,990 68,118 60.8 65,196 58.2 2,923 4.3 43,872 112,825 68,891 61.1 64,860 57.5 4,031 5.9 43,935 112,738 68,584 60.8 64,298 57.0 4,286 6.2 44,154 112,824 68,917 61.1 64,271 57.0 4,646 6.7 43,907 112,908 68,977 61.1 64,148 56.8 4,828 7.0 43,931 112,999 69,148 61.2 64,226 56.8 4,922 7.1 43,850 17,056 6,523 38.2 5,544 32.5 979 15.0 10,533 17,083 6,019 35.2 4,726 27.7 1,293 21.5 11,064 17,076 6,066 35.5 4,799 28.1 1,267 20.9 11,010 17,056 6,993 41.0 5,914 34.7 1,079 15.4 10,063 17,126 6,557 38.3 5,194 30.3 1,363 20.8 10,568 17,098 6,547 38.3 5,188 30.3 1,359 20.8 10,551 17,090 6,610 38.7 5,184 30.3 1,427 21.6 10,480 17,083 6,493 38.0 5,083 29.8 1,410 21.7 10,590 17,076 6,501 38.1 5,103 29.9 1,398 21.5 10,575 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ..................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................. Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate ................................................ Not in labor force .......................................................... Persons who currently want a job ............................... Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ..................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................. Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate ................................................ Not in labor force .......................................................... Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ..................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................. Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate ................................................ Not in labor force .......................................................... Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ..................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................. Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate ................................................ Not in labor force .......................................................... Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ..................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................. Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate ................................................ Not in labor force .......................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ..................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................. Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate ................................................ Not in labor force .......................................................... 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted 1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age Apr. 2008 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 189,147 124,599 65.9 119,341 63.1 5,258 4.2 64,548 190,436 125,433 65.9 114,831 60.3 10,602 8.5 65,003 190,552 125,316 65.8 115,587 60.7 9,729 7.8 65,235 189,147 125,198 66.2 119,644 63.3 5,554 4.4 63,949 190,351 125,634 66.0 117,357 61.7 8,277 6.6 64,718 190,225 125,312 65.9 116,692 61.3 8,621 6.9 64,913 190,331 125,703 66.0 116,481 61.2 9,222 7.3 64,628 190,436 125,599 66.0 115,693 60.8 9,906 7.9 64,837 190,552 126,110 66.2 115,977 60.9 10,133 8.0 64,441 65,110 75.8 62,483 72.8 2,627 4.0 65,363 75.5 59,307 68.5 6,056 9.3 65,298 75.4 59,847 69.1 5,451 8.3 65,220 76.0 62,510 72.8 2,710 4.2 65,331 75.5 61,101 70.7 4,230 6.5 65,126 75.4 60,683 70.2 4,443 6.8 65,180 75.4 60,361 69.8 4,819 7.4 65,032 75.2 59,811 69.1 5,221 8.0 65,509 75.7 59,967 69.3 5,543 8.5 54,102 60.0 52,195 57.9 1,907 3.5 54,997 60.5 51,462 56.6 3,535 6.4 55,033 60.5 51,692 56.9 3,341 6.1 54,206 60.1 52,180 57.8 2,026 3.7 54,878 60.5 51,846 57.1 3,031 5.5 54,786 60.4 51,601 56.9 3,185 5.8 54,967 60.5 51,624 56.9 3,344 6.1 55,115 60.7 51,519 56.7 3,596 6.5 55,227 60.8 51,695 56.9 3,533 6.4 5,386 41.2 4,663 35.7 723 13.4 5,073 38.8 4,062 31.1 1,010 19.9 4,986 38.2 4,049 31.0 937 18.8 5,772 44.1 4,955 37.9 817 14.2 5,425 41.4 4,409 33.6 1,016 18.7 5,400 41.3 4,408 33.7 993 18.4 5,556 42.5 4,497 34.4 1,059 19.1 5,452 41.7 4,363 33.4 1,089 20.0 5,374 41.1 4,316 33.0 1,058 19.7 27,746 17,654 63.6 16,207 58.4 1,447 8.2 10,092 28,118 17,429 62.0 15,074 53.6 2,355 13.5 10,689 28,153 17,670 62.8 15,119 53.7 2,551 14.4 10,483 27,746 17,755 64.0 16,200 58.4 1,555 8.8 9,991 28,059 17,796 63.4 15,674 55.9 2,122 11.9 10,263 28,052 17,791 63.4 15,546 55.4 2,245 12.6 10,261 28,085 17,703 63.0 15,336 54.6 2,368 13.4 10,382 28,118 17,542 62.4 15,212 54.1 2,330 13.3 10,576 28,153 17,816 63.3 15,142 53.8 2,673 15.0 10,337 7,905 70.9 7,243 65.0 662 8.4 7,850 69.4 6,566 58.0 1,284 16.4 7,932 70.0 6,567 58.0 1,365 17.2 7,943 71.2 7,262 65.1 681 8.6 7,999 70.8 6,930 61.4 1,069 13.4 7,979 70.7 6,850 60.7 1,129 14.1 7,949 70.4 6,762 59.9 1,187 14.9 7,917 70.0 6,700 59.2 1,218 15.4 7,990 70.5 6,620 58.4 1,370 17.2 9,039 64.9 8,419 60.4 620 6.9 8,935 63.3 8,071 57.2 864 9.7 9,023 63.9 8,076 57.2 947 10.5 9,044 64.9 8,359 60.0 685 7.6 9,060 64.4 8,256 58.7 804 8.9 9,022 64.1 8,194 58.2 828 9.2 9,006 63.9 8,115 57.6 890 9.9 8,932 63.3 8,045 57.0 887 9.9 9,064 64.1 8,025 56.8 1,038 11.5 710 26.6 545 20.4 165 23.3 644 23.9 437 16.2 207 32.2 714 26.5 475 17.7 239 33.5 768 28.8 579 21.7 189 24.6 736 27.4 488 18.1 248 33.7 790 29.4 502 18.6 288 36.5 749 27.8 459 17.0 290 38.8 692 25.7 467 17.4 225 32.5 762 28.3 497 18.5 265 34.7 WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Not in labor force .......................................................... Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Not in labor force .......................................................... Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. See footnotes at end of table. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted 1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age Apr. 2008 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 10,658 7,220 67.7 6,985 65.5 234 3.2 3,438 10,778 7,111 66.0 6,656 61.8 455 6.4 3,667 10,788 7,128 66.1 6,659 61.7 469 6.6 3,660 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) ASIAN Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Not in labor force .......................................................... 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted 1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Apr. 2008 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 31,911 21,901 68.6 20,456 64.1 1,445 6.6 10,010 32,585 22,188 68.1 19,485 59.8 2,703 12.2 10,397 32,671 22,317 68.3 19,895 60.9 2,422 10.9 10,354 31,911 21,920 68.7 20,392 63.9 1,528 7.0 9,990 32,649 22,134 67.8 20,096 61.6 2,038 9.2 10,515 32,417 21,931 67.7 19,800 61.1 2,132 9.7 10,486 32,501 22,100 68.0 19,684 60.6 2,416 10.9 10,401 32,585 22,175 68.1 19,640 60.3 2,536 11.4 10,410 32,671 22,376 68.5 19,854 60.8 2,521 11.3 10,295 12,495 84.1 11,769 79.2 726 5.8 12,648 83.4 11,110 73.3 1,538 12.2 12,698 83.6 11,407 75.1 1,291 10.2 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 8,272 59.0 7,774 55.4 497 6.0 8,567 59.8 7,645 53.3 922 10.8 8,601 59.9 7,740 53.9 860 10.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 1,134 37.6 913 30.3 222 19.5 974 31.4 731 23.6 243 24.9 1,018 32.8 748 24.1 270 26.5 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Not in labor force .......................................................... Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2008 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 12,280 46.2 11,353 42.7 927 7.6 12,102 46.1 10,220 38.9 1,882 15.5 12,180 46.2 10,399 39.5 1,781 14.6 12,102 45.6 11,148 42.0 954 7.9 12,108 46.4 10,793 41.4 1,315 10.9 12,024 45.9 10,577 40.4 1,446 12.0 11,955 46.4 10,445 40.5 1,510 12.6 11,997 45.7 10,399 39.6 1,598 13.3 12,027 45.7 10,251 38.9 1,776 14.8 37,703 62.2 35,837 59.1 1,865 4.9 38,516 62.4 34,661 56.2 3,854 10.0 38,300 62.4 34,733 56.6 3,568 9.3 37,809 62.4 35,907 59.3 1,902 5.0 38,656 62.5 35,683 57.6 2,972 7.7 38,675 62.4 35,599 57.4 3,075 8.0 38,463 62.2 35,270 57.1 3,193 8.3 38,434 62.3 34,981 56.7 3,454 9.0 38,687 63.0 35,086 57.1 3,601 9.3 36,635 72.1 35,219 69.3 1,415 3.9 36,872 71.7 34,011 66.1 2,861 7.8 36,917 71.6 34,169 66.3 2,748 7.4 36,637 72.1 35,189 69.3 1,447 4.0 37,049 72.0 34,969 68.0 2,080 5.6 36,693 72.0 34,433 67.6 2,260 6.2 37,362 72.1 34,738 67.1 2,624 7.0 36,921 71.8 34,267 66.6 2,653 7.2 36,959 71.7 34,207 66.4 2,752 7.4 45,234 78.3 44,351 76.7 883 2.0 45,304 77.9 43,377 74.6 1,927 4.3 45,377 77.6 43,547 74.5 1,831 4.0 45,136 78.1 44,181 76.4 955 2.1 45,182 77.9 43,517 75.0 1,665 3.7 45,208 77.8 43,474 74.8 1,735 3.8 45,027 77.6 43,177 74.4 1,850 4.1 45,401 78.1 43,431 74.7 1,970 4.3 45,442 77.7 43,466 74.4 1,977 4.4 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force .......................................................... Participation rate ......................................................... Employed ...................................................................... Employment-population ratio ...................................... Unemployed ................................................................. Unemployment rate .................................................... High school graduates, no college 1 Civilian labor force .......................................................... Participation rate ......................................................... Employed ...................................................................... Employment-population ratio ...................................... Unemployed ................................................................. Unemployment rate .................................................... Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force .......................................................... Participation rate ......................................................... Employed ...................................................................... Employment-population ratio ...................................... Unemployed ................................................................. Unemployment rate .................................................... Bachelor’s degree and higher 2 Civilian labor force .......................................................... Participation rate ......................................................... Employed ...................................................................... Employment-population ratio ...................................... Unemployed ................................................................. Unemployment rate .................................................... 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Category Apr. 2008 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries ................................... Wage and salary workers ............................................. Self-employed workers ................................................. Unpaid family workers .................................................. 2,074 1,203 840 31 1,930 1,061 847 22 2,087 1,164 894 29 2,111 1,247 841 (1) 2,191 1,264 925 (1) 2,149 1,233 903 (1) 2,148 1,244 875 (1) 2,050 1,167 875 (1) 2,134 1,209 887 (1) Nonagricultural industries ............................................... Wage and salary workers ............................................. Government ................................................................ Private industries ........................................................ Private households ................................................... Other industries ........................................................ Self-employed workers ................................................. Unpaid family workers .................................................. 143,847 134,369 21,657 112,712 780 111,932 9,353 125 137,903 128,782 21,072 107,711 738 106,972 9,063 57 138,498 129,381 21,548 107,832 716 107,116 9,063 54 144,219 134,698 21,309 113,341 (1) 112,585 9,371 (1) 141,047 132,082 21,395 110,684 (1) 109,863 8,940 (1) 139,952 131,110 21,237 109,997 (1) 109,217 8,816 (1) 139,579 130,465 21,192 109,311 (1) 108,574 8,962 (1) 138,842 129,478 20,904 108,674 (1) 107,898 9,184 (1) 138,828 129,724 21,211 108,555 (1) 107,813 9,052 (1) All industries: Part time for economic reasons .................................. Slack work or business conditions ........................... Could only find part-time work ................................. Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 5,071 3,456 1,348 20,607 9,305 7,103 1,969 19,228 8,648 6,533 1,852 19,644 5,240 3,580 1,325 19,792 8,038 6,020 1,617 18,922 7,839 5,766 1,667 18,864 8,626 6,443 1,764 18,855 9,049 6,857 1,839 18,833 8,910 6,699 1,810 19,065 Nonagricultural industries: Part time for economic reasons .................................. Slack work or business conditions ........................... Could only find part-time work ................................. Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 4,978 3,389 1,345 20,289 9,168 7,005 1,957 18,892 8,556 6,462 1,842 19,282 5,152 3,537 1,328 19,436 7,932 5,938 1,619 18,642 7,705 5,660 1,658 18,567 8,543 6,390 1,760 18,562 8,942 6,773 1,850 18,493 8,826 6,650 1,802 18,661 PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2 1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Selected employment indicators (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Characteristic Apr. 2008 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 20 years and over ......................................................... 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 25 years and over ....................................................... 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 55 years and over ..................................................... 145,921 5,544 1,898 3,646 140,377 13,617 126,760 100,035 31,615 33,835 34,584 26,725 139,833 4,726 1,569 3,157 135,107 12,838 122,269 95,268 29,942 31,654 33,672 27,000 140,586 4,799 1,585 3,214 135,786 12,939 122,847 95,761 30,092 31,811 33,859 27,086 146,257 5,914 2,068 3,827 140,342 13,759 126,566 99,957 31,615 33,760 34,582 26,609 143,338 5,194 1,779 3,413 138,144 13,374 124,748 97,651 30,864 32,691 34,097 27,096 142,099 5,188 1,741 3,441 136,911 13,050 123,911 96,693 30,449 32,308 33,936 27,218 141,748 5,184 1,854 3,348 136,564 13,157 123,302 96,255 30,369 31,999 33,888 27,047 140,887 5,083 1,755 3,300 135,804 13,090 122,662 95,720 30,211 31,746 33,763 26,942 141,007 5,103 1,737 3,353 135,904 13,090 122,838 95,805 30,140 31,770 33,896 27,032 Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 20 years and over ......................................................... 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 25 years and over ....................................................... 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 55 years and over ..................................................... 77,745 2,697 863 1,833 75,048 7,186 67,862 53,684 17,285 18,213 18,186 14,179 73,195 2,211 709 1,502 70,984 6,478 64,506 50,369 16,010 16,909 17,450 14,137 73,771 2,303 747 1,555 71,468 6,612 64,856 50,700 16,122 17,024 17,555 14,156 78,029 2,882 944 1,941 75,147 7,284 67,837 53,702 17,320 18,199 18,183 14,135 75,847 2,562 847 1,712 73,285 6,863 66,456 52,128 16,789 17,663 17,676 14,328 75,092 2,479 818 1,654 72,613 6,723 65,879 51,480 16,461 17,452 17,567 14,399 74,777 2,484 837 1,640 72,293 6,784 65,479 51,125 16,449 17,144 17,532 14,354 74,053 2,398 803 1,579 71,655 6,656 65,031 50,865 16,288 17,027 17,550 14,166 74,116 2,438 817 1,635 71,678 6,701 64,960 50,802 16,199 17,027 17,576 14,157 Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 20 years and over ......................................................... 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 25 years and over ....................................................... 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 55 years and over ..................................................... 68,176 2,847 1,034 1,812 65,329 6,431 58,898 46,351 14,330 15,622 16,399 12,547 66,638 2,515 860 1,655 64,123 6,360 57,763 44,899 13,932 14,745 16,223 12,864 66,815 2,497 838 1,659 64,318 6,327 57,991 45,061 13,970 14,787 16,304 12,930 68,228 3,032 1,124 1,886 65,196 6,474 58,728 46,254 14,294 15,560 16,399 12,474 67,491 2,632 932 1,701 64,860 6,510 58,292 45,523 14,075 15,027 16,421 12,769 67,007 2,709 923 1,787 64,298 6,327 58,032 45,213 13,988 14,856 16,369 12,819 66,970 2,699 1,017 1,708 64,271 6,372 57,823 45,131 13,920 14,855 16,356 12,693 66,834 2,685 952 1,721 64,148 6,434 57,631 44,855 13,922 14,719 16,214 12,776 66,890 2,664 920 1,718 64,226 6,389 57,878 45,003 13,941 14,742 16,320 12,875 46,002 36,331 9,111 44,356 35,507 8,749 44,470 35,668 8,951 45,968 36,144 (1) 45,182 35,632 (1) 44,712 35,375 (1) 44,502 35,563 (1) 44,470 35,481 (1) 44,469 35,444 (1) 120,027 25,894 112,215 27,617 112,746 27,840 120,899 25,339 116,865 26,250 115,794 26,200 114,853 26,590 113,665 26,963 113,725 27,066 7,630 5.2 7,723 5.5 7,781 5.5 7,671 5.2 7,352 5.1 7,441 5.2 7,626 5.4 7,656 5.4 7,748 5.5 AGE AND SEX MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present ......................................... Married women, spouse present .................................... Women who maintain families ........................................ FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers 2 ......................................................... Part-time workers 3 ......................................................... MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders ................................................. Percent of total employed ........................................... 1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates 1 Apr. 2008 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 20 years and over ......................................................... 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 25 years and over ....................................................... 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 55 years and over ..................................................... 7,675 1,079 522 590 6,596 1,353 5,229 4,387 1,712 1,374 1,301 839 13,161 1,410 544 870 11,751 2,128 9,572 7,832 2,984 2,447 2,401 1,784 13,724 1,398 520 908 12,326 2,258 9,999 8,139 3,229 2,580 2,330 1,849 5.0 15.4 20.2 13.4 4.5 9.0 4.0 4.2 5.1 3.9 3.6 3.1 7.2 20.8 24.1 19.1 6.6 12.1 6.0 6.3 7.5 5.9 5.5 4.9 7.6 20.8 21.4 20.2 7.0 12.1 6.4 6.7 7.9 6.5 5.9 5.2 8.1 21.6 22.9 21.0 7.5 12.9 6.9 7.2 8.7 6.8 6.2 5.6 8.5 21.7 23.7 20.9 8.0 14.0 7.2 7.6 9.0 7.2 6.6 6.2 8.9 21.5 23.0 21.3 8.3 14.7 7.5 7.8 9.7 7.5 6.4 6.4 Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 20 years and over ......................................................... 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 25 years and over ....................................................... 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 55 years and over ..................................................... 4,262 588 274 328 3,673 813 2,846 2,415 932 767 717 430 7,751 828 315 514 6,923 1,335 5,566 4,607 1,833 1,426 1,348 959 8,242 839 291 555 7,403 1,424 5,911 4,889 2,026 1,516 1,347 1,022 5.2 17.0 22.5 14.5 4.7 10.0 4.0 4.3 5.1 4.0 3.8 3.0 7.9 23.3 27.0 21.5 7.2 14.2 6.4 6.7 8.3 5.9 6.1 5.1 8.3 24.4 26.5 22.8 7.6 14.1 6.9 7.3 8.8 6.6 6.7 5.3 8.8 24.9 26.5 24.7 8.1 14.6 7.5 7.9 9.5 7.2 7.0 6.0 9.5 25.7 28.2 24.6 8.8 16.7 7.9 8.3 10.1 7.7 7.1 6.3 10.0 25.6 26.3 25.3 9.4 17.5 8.3 8.8 11.1 8.2 7.1 6.7 Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 20 years and over ......................................................... 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 25 years and over ....................................................... 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 55 years and over 2 .................................................. 3,413 491 248 262 2,923 540 2,384 1,972 780 607 584 366 5,410 582 229 357 4,828 793 4,006 3,225 1,151 1,021 1,054 789 5,482 560 229 353 4,922 834 4,088 3,250 1,203 1,064 983 745 4.8 13.9 18.1 12.2 4.3 7.7 3.9 4.1 5.2 3.8 3.4 2.8 6.4 18.2 21.2 16.6 5.9 9.8 5.4 5.7 6.5 5.8 4.9 4.3 6.7 17.1 16.2 17.5 6.2 10.0 5.8 6.0 6.8 6.4 5.0 5.4 7.3 18.3 19.8 17.0 6.7 10.9 6.2 6.4 7.7 6.4 5.3 5.3 7.5 17.8 19.4 17.2 7.0 11.0 6.5 6.7 7.6 6.5 6.1 5.8 7.6 17.4 19.9 17.1 7.1 11.5 6.6 6.7 7.9 6.7 5.7 5.4 1,342 1,115 661 2,718 2,022 1,058 2,986 2,077 999 2.8 3.0 6.8 4.4 4.5 9.5 5.0 4.7 10.3 5.5 5.1 10.3 5.8 5.4 10.8 6.3 5.5 10.0 6,360 1,322 11,535 1,676 12,037 1,744 5.0 5.0 7.5 5.9 8.0 5.9 8.6 5.8 9.2 5.9 9.6 6.1 AGE AND SEX MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present ......................................... Married women, spouse present .................................... Women who maintain families 2 ..................................... FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers 3 ......................................................... Part-time workers 4 ......................................................... 1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Reason Apr. 2008 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 3,931 1,053 2,878 2,114 764 816 1,995 545 9,315 1,990 7,325 5,880 1,445 850 2,984 747 8,687 1,586 7,101 5,853 1,248 842 2,932 788 4,043 1,103 2,939 (1) (1) 860 2,145 625 6,471 1,524 4,946 (1) (1) 1,007 2,777 829 6,980 1,441 5,539 (1) (1) 917 2,751 780 7,696 1,488 6,208 (1) (1) 820 2,834 1,005 8,243 1,557 6,686 (1) (1) 887 2,974 868 8,814 1,625 7,189 (1) (1) 890 3,087 900 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 53.9 14.4 39.5 11.2 27.4 7.5 67.0 14.3 52.7 6.1 21.5 5.4 65.6 12.0 53.6 6.4 22.1 5.9 52.7 14.4 38.3 11.2 28.0 8.1 58.4 13.8 44.6 9.1 25.1 7.5 61.1 12.6 48.5 8.0 24.1 6.8 62.3 12.0 50.2 6.6 22.9 8.1 63.5 12.0 51.5 6.8 22.9 6.7 64.4 11.9 52.5 6.5 22.5 6.6 2.6 .5 1.3 .4 6.1 .6 1.9 .5 5.6 .5 1.9 .5 2.6 .6 1.4 .4 4.2 .7 1.8 .5 4.5 .6 1.8 .5 5.0 .5 1.8 .7 5.4 .6 1.9 .6 5.7 .6 2.0 .6 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs On temporary layoff .................................................... Not on temporary layoff .............................................. Permanent job losers .............................................. Persons who completed temporary jobs ................ Job leavers ..................................................................... Reentrants ...................................................................... New entrants .................................................................. PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed ........................................................... Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ............................................................................. On temporary layoff .................................................. Not on temporary layoff ............................................ Job leavers ................................................................... Reentrants .................................................................... New entrants ................................................................ UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ............................................................................. Job leavers ................................................................... Reentrants .................................................................... New entrants ................................................................ 1 Data not available. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Duration Apr. 2008 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Less than 5 weeks .............................................................................. 5 to 14 weeks ..................................................................................... 15 weeks and over ............................................................................. 15 to 26 weeks ................................................................................ 27 weeks and over .......................................................................... 2,151 2,225 2,911 1,473 1,439 3,067 4,523 6,305 2,971 3,334 2,855 3,526 6,867 2,966 3,901 2,496 2,529 2,652 1,277 1,375 3,267 3,398 4,517 1,927 2,591 3,658 3,519 4,634 1,987 2,647 3,404 3,969 5,264 2,347 2,917 3,371 4,041 5,715 2,534 3,182 3,346 3,982 6,211 2,531 3,680 Average (mean) duration, in weeks .................................................... Median duration, in weeks .................................................................. 18.3 11.0 21.2 13.1 23.4 15.4 17.0 9.3 19.7 10.6 19.8 10.3 19.8 11.0 20.1 11.2 21.4 12.5 100.0 29.5 30.5 40.0 20.2 19.7 100.0 22.1 32.5 45.4 21.4 24.0 100.0 21.5 26.6 51.8 22.4 29.4 100.0 32.5 32.9 34.6 16.6 17.9 100.0 29.2 30.4 40.4 17.2 23.2 100.0 31.0 29.8 39.2 16.8 22.4 100.0 26.9 31.4 41.7 18.6 23.1 100.0 25.7 30.8 43.5 19.3 24.2 100.0 24.7 29.4 45.9 18.7 27.2 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed ............................................................................... Less than 5 weeks ............................................................................ 5 to 14 weeks ................................................................................... 15 weeks and over ........................................................................... 15 to 26 weeks ............................................................................... 27 weeks and over ......................................................................... NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Employed Unemployed Occupation Total, 16 years and over 1 ....................................................... Management, professional, and related occupations ............. Management, business, and financial operations occupations ................................................................................ Professional and related occupations ...................................... Service occupations ....................................................................... Sales and office occupations ....................................................... Sales and related occupations .................................................. Office and administrative support occupations ...................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations .................................................................................... Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................. Construction and extraction occupations ................................ Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ Production, transportation, and material moving occupations .................................................................................... Production occupations .............................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations ................. Apr. 2008 Apr. 2009 Unemployment rates Apr. 2008 Apr. 2009 145,921 52,819 140,586 52,597 7,287 1,088 13,248 2,164 4.8 2.0 8.6 4.0 21,621 31,198 24,064 36,222 16,381 19,841 21,455 31,142 24,548 34,053 15,555 18,498 467 621 1,406 1,605 741 865 995 1,170 2,354 2,966 1,463 1,503 2.1 2.0 5.5 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.4 3.6 8.7 8.0 8.6 7.5 14,673 954 8,628 5,091 13,453 924 7,423 5,107 1,381 111 1,097 173 2,438 166 1,816 456 8.6 10.5 11.3 3.3 15.3 15.2 19.7 8.2 18,144 9,196 8,948 15,934 7,563 8,371 1,239 679 560 2,501 1,306 1,196 6.4 6.9 5.9 13.6 14.7 12.5 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Apr. 2008 Apr. 2009 HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Industry and class of worker Apr. 2008 Total, 16 years and over 1 .................................................... Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .................... Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ......................... Construction .................................................................................. Manufacturing ............................................................................... Durable goods ............................................................................ Nondurable goods ..................................................................... Wholesale and retail trade ......................................................... Transportation and utilities ......................................................... Information ..................................................................................... Financial activities ........................................................................ Professional and business services ......................................... Education and health services .................................................. Leisure and hospitality ................................................................ Other services ............................................................................... Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ...... Government workers ..................................................................... Self employed and unpaid family workers ................................. Unemployment rates Apr. 2009 7,287 5,923 28 1,057 796 505 291 919 245 143 324 736 551 874 251 108 373 338 Apr. 2008 13,248 11,222 125 1,737 1,968 1,278 690 1,833 541 320 561 1,448 964 1,322 403 176 575 488 Apr. 2009 4.8 5.0 3.6 11.1 4.8 4.8 5.0 4.5 4.0 4.4 3.4 5.3 2.8 6.9 4.0 8.6 1.7 3.2 8.6 9.4 16.1 18.7 12.4 12.8 11.8 9.0 9.0 10.1 6.0 10.4 4.6 10.2 6.4 13.5 2.6 4.6 1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2009 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2007 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2007 North American Industry Classification System. No historical data have been revised. Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization (Percent) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Measure Apr. 2008 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force ..................................................................... 1.9 4.1 4.5 1.7 2.9 3.0 3.4 3.7 4.0 U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force .............................................. 2.6 6.1 5.6 2.6 4.2 4.5 5.0 5.4 5.7 U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate) ................................................. 4.8 9.0 8.6 5.0 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.5 8.9 U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers ........................... 5.0 9.4 9.0 5.2 7.6 8.0 8.5 8.9 9.3 U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers ................................ 5.6 10.3 9.8 5.9 8.3 8.8 9.3 9.8 10.1 U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers 8.9 16.2 15.4 9.2 13.5 13.9 14.8 15.6 15.8 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not looking currently for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For more information, see "BLS introduces new range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Total Men Women Category Apr. 2008 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Apr. 2009 79,990 4,677 1,414 81,437 5,868 2,089 30,939 2,152 726 31,979 2,805 1,105 49,052 2,525 688 49,458 3,063 984 412 1,002 740 1,350 250 476 470 635 162 526 270 714 Total multiple jobholders 4 .................................................................. Percent of total employed ............................................................... 7,630 5.2 7,781 5.5 3,852 5.0 3,775 5.1 3,779 5.5 4,006 6.0 Primary job full time, secondary job part time ................................. Primary and secondary jobs both part time .................................... Primary and secondary jobs both full time ...................................... Hours vary on primary or secondary job ......................................... 4,197 1,811 248 1,333 4,119 2,025 231 1,347 2,336 586 165 741 2,226 659 137 715 1,861 1,225 82 592 1,894 1,366 94 633 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force .................................................................. Persons who currently want a job ...................................................... Marginally attached to the labor force 1 ........................................ Reason not currently looking: Discouragement over job prospects 2 .................................. Reasons other than discouragement 3 ................................. MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS 1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Industry Apr. 2008 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2009p Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Apr. 2009p Change from: Mar. 2009Apr. 2009 p Total nonfarm ............................. 137,543 132,138 132,054 132,295 137,654 135,074 134,333 133,652 132,953 132,414 -539 Total private ........................................ 114,697 109,295 109,124 109,300 115,203 112,542 111,793 111,105 110,412 109,801 -611 Goods-producing ............................................ 21,441 19,253 19,049 18,994 21,679 20,532 20,127 19,832 19,514 19,244 -270 Mining and logging ................................................... Logging ........................................................... Mining .................................................................... Oil and gas extraction ........................................ Mining, except oil and gas 1................................. Coal mining ...................................................... Support activities for mining .............................. 746 54.6 691.7 153.1 219.4 77.8 319.2 754 54.3 700.1 166.7 213.6 83.9 319.8 738 48.4 689.1 165.1 213.4 83.2 310.6 729 45.8 682.7 165.0 216.6 80.6 301.1 756 58.6 697.8 155.1 222.9 78.1 319.8 789 55.7 733.3 169.4 229.2 84.5 334.7 781 55.2 725.3 167.7 227.9 84.9 329.7 771 54.5 716.4 167.8 225.7 84.1 322.9 755 51.0 703.9 167.1 222.8 83.3 314.0 744 49.6 694.2 167.9 220.6 81.5 305.7 -11 -1.4 -9.7 .8 -2.2 -1.8 -8.3 Construction ............................................................. Construction of buildings ................................... Residential building ......................................... Nonresidential building .................................... Heavy and civil engineering construction ........ Specialty trade contractors ............................... Residential specialty trade contractors ........... Nonresidential specialty trade contractors ..... 7,174 1,654.8 834.3 820.5 949.4 4,570.0 2,028.4 2,541.6 6,156 1,439.8 700.0 739.8 816.5 3,899.2 1,684.3 2,214.9 6,114 1,421.1 689.4 731.7 826.2 3,866.5 1,673.6 2,192.9 6,196 1,423.1 691.6 731.5 867.0 3,905.6 1,691.9 2,213.7 7,337 1,693.8 857.5 836.3 980.5 4,662.3 2,076.1 2,586.2 6,841 1,572.9 769.4 803.5 933.2 4,335.2 1,883.6 2,451.6 6,706 1,536.9 755.2 781.7 926.6 4,242.2 1,838.3 2,403.9 6,593 1,509.5 741.2 768.3 919.0 4,164.4 1,801.2 2,363.2 6,458 1,481.4 723.7 757.7 906.6 4,069.9 1,757.2 2,312.7 6,348 1,459.7 711.1 748.6 889.4 3,998.9 1,717.7 2,281.2 -110 -21.7 -12.6 -9.1 -17.2 -71.0 -39.5 -31.5 Manufacturing ........................................................... Production workers ....................................... 13,521 9,745 12,343 8,702 12,197 8,570 12,069 8,473 13,586 9,795 12,902 9,174 12,640 8,946 12,468 8,804 12,301 8,656 12,152 8,537 -149 -119 Durable goods ....................................................... Production workers ....................................... Wood products ................................................... Nonmetallic mineral products ............................ Primary metals .................................................... Fabricated metal products ................................. Machinery ........................................................... Computer and electronic products 1.................... Computer and peripheral equipment ............. Communications equipment ........................... Semiconductors and electronic components . Electronic instruments ..................................... Electrical equipment and appliances ................ Transportation equipment 1.................................. Motor vehicles and parts 2................................. Furniture and related products .......................... Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................ 8,567 6,087 472.0 472.8 450.6 1,539.5 1,190.3 1,251.7 183.4 128.7 436.0 441.6 427.2 1,638.6 905.9 494.3 630.3 7,686 5,300 373.7 406.1 393.8 1,392.4 1,097.0 1,193.3 174.1 130.1 401.5 430.5 398.3 1,418.4 715.6 412.2 600.3 7,576 5,203 377.2 402.3 385.6 1,364.3 1,069.8 1,184.6 173.2 128.0 396.5 430.7 388.6 1,402.6 708.1 404.6 596.8 7,472 5,121 382.7 413.8 372.5 1,334.9 1,045.8 1,171.8 170.2 128.4 388.8 429.9 379.1 1,373.0 682.8 401.2 597.1 8,587 6,099 477.3 477.2 449.7 1,546.0 1,193.1 1,255.7 184.0 129.1 437.0 442.9 428.5 1,632.1 898.0 495.2 632.5 8,085 5,633 416.2 441.2 419.6 1,461.5 1,150.2 1,223.7 180.0 129.1 417.4 437.5 412.0 1,501.8 781.5 440.6 618.4 7,881 5,458 403.9 434.3 409.3 1,425.3 1,126.0 1,212.9 180.3 129.6 410.5 433.8 406.1 1,423.5 711.2 428.6 611.0 7,753 5,352 390.4 425.8 395.2 1,399.0 1,100.8 1,196.9 175.5 129.0 403.3 431.9 399.1 1,423.7 718.7 417.4 604.5 7,626 5,241 389.9 416.0 386.2 1,369.9 1,072.7 1,188.6 173.8 128.5 397.8 431.9 389.8 1,403.3 705.7 408.3 601.1 7,499 5,135 388.6 415.0 374.4 1,341.2 1,051.2 1,176.9 170.9 128.7 390.9 431.3 380.5 1,369.5 676.6 400.7 600.5 -127 -106 -1.3 -1.0 -11.8 -28.7 -21.5 -11.7 -2.9 .2 -6.9 -.6 -9.3 -33.8 -29.1 -7.6 -.6 Nondurable goods ................................................. 4,954 Production workers ....................................... 3,658 Food manufacturing ........................................... 1,449.9 Beverages and tobacco products ...................... 197.4 Textile mills ......................................................... 155.5 Textile product mills ........................................... 151.5 Apparel ................................................................ 202.5 Leather and allied products ............................... 33.4 Paper and paper products ................................. 448.8 Printing and related support activities ............... 603.8 Petroleum and coal products ............................. 115.0 Chemicals ........................................................... 853.2 Plastics and rubber products ............................. 742.9 4,657 3,402 1,438.3 185.5 128.9 133.4 174.3 31.4 419.1 546.0 110.4 825.9 663.9 4,621 3,367 1,436.6 185.7 127.5 128.6 171.9 31.5 415.6 537.8 111.3 820.9 653.6 4,597 3,352 1,439.2 185.7 126.8 126.1 168.2 32.2 412.9 529.2 113.3 815.4 648.4 4,999 3,696 1,483.2 201.6 155.9 150.1 202.5 33.6 450.6 605.6 115.9 854.1 745.5 4,817 3,541 1,477.6 195.8 136.8 141.2 183.5 32.6 433.4 567.0 116.9 837.1 694.9 4,759 3,488 1,470.7 194.2 133.6 137.4 178.9 32.4 427.3 558.1 114.2 832.7 679.7 4,715 3,452 1,467.2 191.3 130.0 134.2 176.3 31.9 422.5 549.2 114.6 828.2 669.3 4,675 3,415 1,465.2 191.7 128.2 129.4 173.0 31.8 419.1 539.9 114.5 823.1 659.2 4,653 3,402 1,475.2 190.5 127.6 127.2 169.1 32.0 415.6 532.2 114.6 818.7 650.6 -22 -13 10.0 -1.2 -.6 -2.2 -3.9 .2 -3.5 -7.7 .1 -4.4 -8.6 See footnotes at the end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Industry Apr. 2008 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2009p Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Apr. 2009p Service-providing .............................................. 116,102 112,885 113,005 113,301 115,975 114,542 114,206 113,820 113,439 113,170 Change from: Mar. 2009Apr. 2009 p -269 Private service-providing ............................... 93,256 90,042 90,075 90,306 93,524 92,010 91,666 91,273 90,898 90,557 -341 Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................... 26,331 25,217 25,171 25,106 26,562 25,843 25,735 25,605 25,471 25,345 -126 Wholesale trade .................................................... 5,979.2 Durable goods .................................................... 3,079.1 Nondurable goods .............................................. 2,054.8 Electronic markets and agents and brokers ..... 845.3 5,723.7 2,906.9 1,980.2 836.6 5,704.9 2,884.8 1,984.0 836.1 5,679.8 2,860.4 1,985.3 834.1 5,995.9 3,087.2 2,060.9 847.8 5,850.7 2,978.6 2,025.1 847.0 5,819.3 2,959.6 2,013.9 845.8 5,773.7 2,926.2 2,006.6 840.9 5,736.9 2,897.3 2,000.4 839.2 5,696.2 2,868.5 1,992.7 835.0 -40.7 -28.8 -7.7 -4.2 Retail trade ............................................................ 15,261.2 14,649.2 14,641.9 14,627.5 15,457.6 15,037.9 14,991.5 14,934.3 14,870.4 14,823.7 Motor vehicle and parts dealers 1........................ 1,882.3 1,688.9 1,684.4 1,687.0 1,885.1 1,745.6 1,730.1 1,716.8 1,701.7 1,690.1 Automobile dealers ......................................... 1,218.5 1,066.0 1,059.1 1,055.8 1,220.9 1,099.9 1,088.6 1,078.7 1,067.3 1,058.0 Furniture and home furnishings stores ............. 542.5 493.4 489.7 486.5 549.5 514.2 508.3 499.7 497.9 492.5 Electronics and appliance stores ....................... 548.5 532.2 513.3 510.4 554.5 538.6 535.5 533.7 518.7 517.1 Building material and garden supply stores ...... 1,281.7 1,157.2 1,168.7 1,207.1 1,254.5 1,227.8 1,214.9 1,207.1 1,193.3 1,185.8 Food and beverage stores ................................. 2,841.8 2,802.2 2,801.7 2,788.3 2,866.7 2,835.1 2,835.3 2,826.0 2,824.8 2,820.0 Health and personal care stores ....................... 999.9 981.3 980.3 980.7 1,006.9 991.2 985.7 986.9 985.8 985.7 Gasoline stations ................................................ 842.5 820.9 820.5 825.0 848.5 834.4 833.0 832.1 830.3 831.2 Clothing and clothing accessories stores ......... 1,445.0 1,389.4 1,380.1 1,374.8 1,495.0 1,448.5 1,445.0 1,443.8 1,435.3 1,434.1 Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores ................................................................ 624.4 600.4 591.1 586.6 646.2 624.3 620.8 613.6 610.2 609.6 General merchandise stores 1............................. 2,982.5 2,964.3 3,016.4 2,986.7 3,052.9 3,029.2 3,040.7 3,040.7 3,047.4 3,039.3 Department stores .......................................... 1,522.7 1,489.5 1,502.2 1,477.4 1,576.4 1,521.2 1,529.1 1,532.6 1,531.9 1,518.3 Miscellaneous store retailers ............................. 839.4 805.0 786.6 788.7 855.0 825.0 819.5 815.1 807.6 802.5 Nonstore retailers ............................................... 430.7 414.0 409.1 405.7 442.8 424.0 422.7 418.8 417.4 415.8 -46.7 -11.6 -9.3 -5.4 -1.6 -7.5 -4.8 -.1 .9 -1.2 Transportation and warehousing .......................... 4,534.3 Air transportation ................................................ 500.2 Rail transportation .............................................. 231.2 Water transportation ........................................... 65.0 Truck transportation ........................................... 1,394.5 Transit and ground passenger transportation ... 439.5 Pipeline transportation ....................................... 40.5 Scenic and sightseeing transportation .............. 25.2 Support activities for transportation ................... 593.3 Couriers and messengers .................................. 572.3 Warehousing and storage .................................. 672.6 -.6 -8.1 -13.6 -5.1 -1.6 4,276.0 471.8 222.3 57.6 1,280.6 419.9 42.8 20.3 557.8 558.3 644.6 4,255.4 471.9 222.3 57.2 1,274.9 419.4 42.4 20.8 547.3 551.9 647.3 4,231.8 470.6 222.3 57.4 1,268.0 414.9 42.7 24.6 545.3 549.4 636.6 4,551.7 501.9 231.1 66.2 1,410.4 423.0 40.9 28.4 593.0 577.8 679.0 4,389.9 477.8 226.8 60.3 1,340.8 410.1 43.3 27.2 579.5 564.6 659.5 4,354.4 476.8 227.1 59.7 1,323.3 408.1 43.1 26.9 569.3 563.2 656.9 4,327.0 474.8 224.1 60.9 1,313.9 406.4 43.1 27.0 561.0 563.7 652.1 4,293.6 472.7 223.4 60.0 1,299.6 405.4 42.9 26.8 552.7 558.4 651.7 4,255.5 469.5 221.9 58.6 1,283.4 399.2 43.2 27.3 550.9 557.4 644.1 -38.1 -3.2 -1.5 -1.4 -16.2 -6.2 .3 .5 -1.8 -1.0 -7.6 556.0 568.2 568.7 566.8 557.1 564.6 569.3 570.0 570.3 569.8 -.5 Information ................................................................ 3,012 Publishing industries, except Internet ............... 890.6 Motion picture and sound recording industries . 381.6 Broadcasting, except Internet ............................ 316.7 Telecommunications .......................................... 1,024.5 Data processing, hosting and related services . 265.4 Other information services ................................. 133.1 2,905 833.7 381.3 300.4 1,002.1 252.4 134.8 2,902 826.0 392.8 298.1 996.1 255.3 133.2 2,884 818.9 396.6 294.9 986.3 254.8 132.8 3,017 893.2 384.5 317.3 1,025.5 263.2 132.9 2,940 857.8 377.2 308.1 1,004.0 256.4 136.5 2,924 846.3 376.7 306.5 1,001.6 257.0 135.7 2,918 836.3 389.8 302.5 999.5 254.6 134.8 2,904 828.1 394.0 299.4 995.2 253.9 133.4 2,887 822.6 394.5 297.0 987.6 253.0 132.6 -17 -5.5 .5 -2.4 -7.6 -.9 -.8 Financial activities .................................................... Finance and insurance .......................................... Monetary authorities - central bank ................... Credit intermediation and related activities 1....... Depository credit intermediation 1..................... Commercial banking .................................... Securities, commodity contracts, investments .. Insurance carriers and related activities ........... Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles ........ Real estate and rental and leasing ....................... Real estate .......................................................... Rental and leasing services ............................... Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets ......... 7,853 5,848.1 20.8 2,648.7 1,789.0 1,338.3 814.0 2,276.2 88.4 2,004.6 1,407.1 569.5 28.0 7,814 5,825.7 20.8 2,634.1 1,779.7 1,331.6 807.1 2,275.8 87.9 1,988.5 1,397.5 562.9 28.1 7,779 5,794.0 20.5 2,616.0 1,775.0 1,327.6 797.9 2,272.1 87.5 1,984.8 1,394.5 562.1 28.2 8,190 6,050.8 22.7 2,756.6 1,827.9 1,363.4 867.4 2,313.4 90.7 2,139.6 1,486.9 624.3 28.4 8,010 5,924.0 21.3 2,680.8 1,804.9 1,351.8 839.9 2,292.0 90.0 2,085.8 1,458.2 599.3 28.3 7,954 5,890.4 21.0 2,665.3 1,798.1 1,346.6 826.5 2,287.4 90.2 2,063.2 1,444.9 589.9 28.4 7,898 5,853.9 20.9 2,648.8 1,790.9 1,340.5 814.9 2,281.1 88.2 2,043.8 1,432.4 583.2 28.2 7,855 5,828.7 20.8 2,633.7 1,783.5 1,334.3 807.5 2,278.9 87.8 2,026.4 1,421.7 576.2 28.5 7,815 5,803.4 20.5 2,619.7 1,779.7 1,330.2 800.5 2,274.9 87.8 2,011.8 1,411.9 571.6 28.3 -40 -25.3 -.3 -14.0 -3.8 -4.1 -7.0 -4.0 .0 -14.6 -9.8 -4.6 -.2 Utilities ................................................................... See footnotes at the end of table. 8,167 6,044.9 22.7 2,756.3 1,825.4 1,363.4 867.0 2,308.6 90.3 2,122.2 1,477.0 617.0 28.2 ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Change from: Mar. 2009Apr. 2009 p Industry Apr. 2008 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Apr. 2009p Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Apr. 2009p Professional and business services ........................ Professional and technical services 1..................... Legal services .................................................. Accounting and bookkeeping services ........... Architectural and engineering services .......... Computer systems design and related services .......................................................... Management and technical consulting services .......................................................... Management of companies and enterprises ....... Administrative and waste services ....................... Administrative and support services 1................. Employment services 1...................................... Temporary help services ............................. Business support services .............................. Services to buildings and dwellings ............... Waste management and remediation services 17,897 7,893.6 1,161.1 1,053.9 1,438.0 16,750 7,797.9 1,139.6 1,061.2 1,371.8 16,691 7,754.9 1,140.4 1,038.8 1,357.9 16,756 7,739.8 1,136.7 1,028.2 1,353.4 17,950 7,833.7 1,166.6 954.1 1,451.7 17,356 7,797.2 1,156.8 933.7 1,419.4 17,205 7,765.5 1,154.1 927.5 1,411.1 17,029 7,729.2 1,148.7 924.4 1,394.2 16,899 7,700.5 1,146.5 925.3 1,379.5 16,777 7,683.4 1,142.8 927.9 1,366.0 -122 -17.1 -3.7 2.6 -13.5 1,436.9 1,459.5 1,451.8 1,451.1 1,441.7 1,466.8 1,462.4 1,463.7 1,459.0 1,457.6 -1.4 993.0 1,892.7 8,110.8 7,754.9 3,194.5 2,387.9 830.2 1,848.8 355.9 1,010.2 1,854.8 7,097.6 6,743.8 2,494.1 1,772.4 806.6 1,628.4 353.8 1,006.4 1,850.2 7,085.4 6,731.6 2,440.2 1,729.1 807.7 1,655.0 353.8 1,010.1 1,828.2 7,187.6 6,829.2 2,436.1 1,720.3 791.4 1,777.1 358.4 999.2 1,903.8 8,212.0 7,853.6 3,285.6 2,464.0 828.4 1,853.8 358.4 1,020.5 1,872.1 7,686.3 7,324.4 2,829.5 2,055.6 816.0 1,818.1 361.9 1,025.7 1,871.7 7,567.5 7,203.1 2,720.5 1,965.7 817.6 1,812.5 364.4 1,021.6 1,862.1 7,437.8 7,076.5 2,638.7 1,892.7 805.0 1,796.8 361.3 1,017.3 1,854.8 7,343.4 6,982.6 2,551.7 1,821.1 801.6 1,787.9 360.8 1,018.9 1,839.6 7,253.5 6,892.2 2,482.8 1,758.6 793.8 1,780.7 361.3 1.6 -15.2 -89.9 -90.4 -68.9 -62.5 -7.8 -7.2 .5 Education and health services ................................ 18,906 19,237 19,277 19,322 18,752 19,080 19,119 19,138 19,148 19,163 Educational services ............................................. 3,166.8 3,218.0 3,221.5 3,227.1 3,017.4 3,063.1 3,088.4 3,083.1 3,077.2 3,075.1 Health care and social assistance ........................ 15,739.2 16,019.4 16,055.4 16,094.8 15,734.1 16,017.0 16,030.3 16,054.7 16,071.1 16,087.9 Health care 3......................................................... 13,213.5 13,472.8 13,496.0 13,523.6 13,239.1 13,475.9 13,490.2 13,515.0 13,528.9 13,545.6 Ambulatory health care services 1.................... 5,615.7 5,750.0 5,761.8 5,792.2 5,622.6 5,742.6 5,753.3 5,770.1 5,777.5 5,795.2 Offices of physicians .................................... 2,246.4 2,297.7 2,302.0 2,305.1 2,251.8 2,294.5 2,300.4 2,304.4 2,307.9 2,310.1 Outpatient care centers ................................ 531.2 537.6 536.9 540.7 530.4 536.7 538.0 538.5 537.5 540.5 Home health care services .......................... 946.5 985.1 991.4 1,006.0 948.7 980.7 981.4 991.0 994.8 1,003.6 Hospitals .......................................................... 4,594.8 4,700.1 4,700.1 4,697.8 4,610.4 4,703.7 4,707.5 4,711.3 4,711.4 4,712.0 Nursing and residential care facilities 1............ 3,003.0 3,022.7 3,034.1 3,033.6 3,006.1 3,029.6 3,029.4 3,033.6 3,040.0 3,038.4 Nursing care facilities ................................... 1,612.9 1,611.7 1,617.4 1,619.1 1,615.0 1,617.3 1,616.6 1,617.9 1,620.8 1,621.9 Social assistance 1................................................ 2,525.7 2,546.6 2,559.4 2,571.2 2,495.0 2,541.1 2,540.1 2,539.7 2,542.2 2,542.3 Child day care services ................................... 882.0 873.0 873.5 873.6 859.9 864.3 862.7 860.4 856.4 853.5 15 -2.1 16.8 16.7 17.7 2.2 3.0 8.8 .6 -1.6 1.1 .1 -2.9 Leisure and hospitality ............................................. 13,401 12,682 12,816 13,043 13,512 13,304 13,268 13,236 13,194 13,150 Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................... 1,936.7 1,744.0 1,773.8 1,854.5 1,984.9 1,947.1 1,943.8 1,936.2 1,925.9 1,896.9 Performing arts and spectator sports ................ 415.1 370.2 376.9 394.6 409.5 401.4 405.7 398.6 397.7 390.9 Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks ...... 130.1 119.1 120.8 128.3 132.9 130.8 130.3 130.9 129.9 130.0 Amusements, gambling, and recreation ........... 1,391.5 1,254.7 1,276.1 1,331.6 1,442.5 1,414.9 1,407.8 1,406.7 1,398.3 1,376.0 Accommodation and food services ...................... 11,464.7 10,937.9 11,042.4 11,188.7 11,527.5 11,356.5 11,323.7 11,299.7 11,267.6 11,253.3 Accommodation .................................................. 1,835.7 1,681.3 1,672.5 1,680.9 1,881.1 1,794.3 1,768.4 1,754.7 1,732.8 1,724.8 Food services and drinking places .................... 9,629.0 9,256.6 9,369.9 9,507.8 9,646.4 9,562.2 9,555.3 9,545.0 9,534.8 9,528.5 -44 -29.0 -6.8 .1 -22.3 -14.3 -8.0 -6.3 Other services .......................................................... 5,542 Repair and maintenance .................................... 1,249.4 Personal and laundry services .......................... 1,331.4 Membership associations and organizations .... 2,960.9 5,398 1,165.3 1,295.0 2,937.7 5,404 1,164.8 1,295.4 2,943.9 5,416 1,168.7 1,301.3 2,945.5 5,541 1,242.2 1,324.9 2,973.5 5,477 1,189.9 1,320.9 2,965.7 5,461 1,184.7 1,313.6 2,963.1 5,449 1,177.3 1,312.5 2,958.7 5,427 1,167.6 1,303.9 2,955.2 5,420 1,165.1 1,298.6 2,956.3 -7 -2.5 -5.3 1.1 Government .............................................................. Federal ................................................................... Federal, except U.S. Postal Service ................. U.S. Postal Service ............................................ State government .................................................. State government education .............................. State government, excluding education ............ Local government .................................................. Local government education ............................. Local government, excluding education ........... 22,843 2,780 2,057.7 722.0 5,305 2,507.1 2,798.3 14,758 8,388.9 6,369.3 22,930 2,788 2,070.5 717.7 5,329 2,528.0 2,801.0 14,813 8,436.6 6,376.0 22,995 2,865 2,142.2 723.2 5,333 2,534.5 2,798.8 14,797 8,403.8 6,393.0 22,451 2,758 1,996.4 761.3 5,159 2,340.0 2,819.4 14,534 8,066.2 6,467.6 22,532 2,778 2,057.3 720.9 5,196 2,381.3 2,814.8 14,558 8,060.5 6,497.7 22,540 2,793 2,065.8 726.9 5,192 2,380.2 2,811.6 14,555 8,070.7 6,484.7 22,547 2,796 2,071.0 724.9 5,192 2,382.3 2,809.4 14,559 8,076.7 6,482.5 22,541 2,806 2,082.5 723.5 5,190 2,382.5 2,807.6 14,545 8,072.4 6,472.5 22,613 2,872 2,145.0 726.7 5,192 2,388.1 2,803.6 14,549 8,076.2 6,473.2 72 66 62.5 3.2 2 5.6 -4.0 4 3.8 .7 1 22,846 2,747 1,989.7 757.2 5,300 2,484.4 2,815.2 14,799 8,402.2 6,397.0 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 2 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Not seasonally adjusted Industry Seasonally adjusted Change from: Mar. 2009Apr. 2009 p Apr. 2008 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Apr. 2009p Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Apr. 2009p Total private ....................................... 33.6 33.2 33.2 32.8 33.8 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.2 33.2 0.0 Goods-producing .......................................... 40.2 38.6 38.7 38.4 40.4 39.4 39.3 39.2 39.0 39.0 .0 Mining and logging ................................................. 44.5 43.5 42.9 42.6 45.0 44.3 44.2 43.9 43.4 43.0 -.4 Construction ............................................................ 38.4 37.0 37.3 37.0 38.9 38.0 37.9 38.0 37.7 37.6 -.1 Manufacturing ......................................................... Overtime hours ............................................ 41.0 3.8 39.2 2.5 39.2 2.5 38.9 2.3 41.0 4.0 39.9 2.9 39.8 2.9 39.5 2.7 39.4 2.6 39.6 2.7 .2 .1 Durable goods ..................................................... Overtime hours ............................................ 41.3 3.9 39.2 2.3 39.2 2.3 39.0 2.1 41.4 4.0 40.0 2.8 39.8 2.7 39.6 2.5 39.4 2.4 39.7 2.5 .3 .1 Wood products .................................................. Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... Primary metals .................................................. Fabricated metal products .............................. Machinery .......................................................... Computer and electronic products ................ Electrical equipment and appliances ............ Transportation equipment ............................... Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. Furniture and related products ....................... Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 38.6 42.2 42.3 41.6 42.5 40.9 40.9 42.5 42.2 38.3 39.2 36.0 38.6 39.8 39.2 40.5 40.3 38.5 40.1 38.1 36.9 37.8 36.2 39.2 40.3 38.8 40.1 39.8 38.6 40.2 38.3 37.6 38.4 36.5 40.2 39.3 38.1 39.8 39.6 38.6 40.2 39.2 36.7 38.2 38.6 42.3 42.6 41.6 42.5 41.1 41.0 42.5 42.1 38.7 39.3 36.8 40.9 40.5 40.3 41.1 40.4 39.7 40.9 39.9 37.3 38.3 36.9 40.2 40.4 39.7 40.9 40.7 39.4 40.4 38.6 37.7 38.4 37.1 40.0 40.1 39.5 40.6 40.5 38.9 40.1 38.2 37.4 38.2 36.9 39.9 40.2 39.0 40.2 39.9 38.8 40.3 38.5 37.7 38.3 37.0 40.2 40.1 39.1 40.5 40.3 39.6 41.0 39.8 37.4 38.5 .1 .3 -.1 .1 .3 .4 .8 .7 1.3 -.3 .2 Nondurable goods ............................................... Overtime hours ............................................ 40.4 3.7 39.1 2.8 39.2 2.8 38.8 2.6 40.5 3.9 39.7 3.1 39.7 3.2 39.5 3.0 39.4 3.0 39.5 3.0 .1 .0 Food manufacturing ......................................... Beverages and tobacco products .................. Textile mills ........................................................ Textile product mills ......................................... Apparel ............................................................... Leather and allied products ............................ Paper and paper products .............................. Printing and related support activities ........... Petroleum and coal products .......................... Chemicals .......................................................... Plastics and rubber products .......................... 40.4 39.7 38.3 38.2 36.8 38.9 43.2 38.4 42.9 41.3 41.0 39.3 36.6 35.9 37.0 35.4 32.8 41.1 37.1 43.5 41.1 39.4 39.5 35.8 36.0 37.0 36.3 33.2 40.7 37.6 43.4 40.9 39.2 38.7 35.1 35.6 36.7 35.7 31.8 40.9 37.0 44.2 40.7 39.1 40.8 39.4 38.4 38.3 36.6 38.6 43.3 38.5 43.2 41.3 41.0 39.8 36.7 37.0 37.1 36.0 34.7 41.9 38.0 45.3 41.1 40.0 40.1 37.0 37.1 37.0 36.0 34.0 41.6 37.7 45.1 41.1 39.9 39.9 37.0 36.4 37.1 35.6 33.3 41.5 37.3 43.8 41.1 39.6 40.0 36.1 36.2 37.0 36.1 33.0 41.0 37.5 44.4 40.9 39.3 40.0 35.8 36.3 37.1 36.1 32.6 41.3 37.5 44.7 40.9 39.8 .0 -.3 .1 .1 .0 -.4 .3 .0 .3 .0 .5 Private service-providing ............................. 32.2 32.3 32.2 31.9 32.4 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 .0 Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 33.1 32.7 32.7 32.6 33.3 32.9 32.9 32.8 32.8 32.8 .0 Wholesale trade ................................................... 38.2 38.0 37.8 37.4 38.3 37.8 38.1 37.9 37.7 37.8 .1 Retail trade ........................................................... 29.9 29.6 29.6 29.6 30.2 29.7 29.7 29.8 29.8 29.8 .0 Transportation and warehousing ...................... 36.2 35.4 36.1 35.5 36.6 36.2 36.0 35.7 36.0 36.0 .0 Utilities ................................................................... 42.7 43.3 42.2 42.4 42.6 42.9 42.6 43.2 42.5 42.4 -.1 Information ............................................................... 36.3 37.1 36.8 36.2 36.6 37.0 37.2 36.9 36.7 36.5 -.2 Financial activities .................................................. 35.7 36.8 36.4 35.8 35.9 35.9 36.2 36.2 36.0 36.0 .0 Professional and business services .................... 34.8 34.9 34.9 34.4 34.8 34.8 34.9 34.8 34.7 34.8 .1 Education and health services ............................. 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.3 32.6 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.5 .1 Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 25.2 24.9 24.8 24.6 25.4 25.0 24.8 25.0 24.8 24.8 .0 Other services ......................................................... 30.7 30.7 30.5 30.4 30.8 30.6 30.7 30.6 30.5 30.5 .0 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Average hourly earnings Industry Average weekly earnings Apr. 2008 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Apr. 2009p Apr. 2008 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Total private ....................................... Seasonally adjusted ..................... $17.95 17.94 $18.57 18.46 $18.56 18.50 $18.51 18.51 $603.12 606.37 $616.52 614.72 $616.19 614.20 $607.13 614.53 Goods-producing .......................................... 19.09 19.64 19.74 19.80 767.42 758.10 763.94 760.32 Mining and logging ................................................. 21.78 23.19 23.44 23.54 969.21 1,008.77 1,005.58 1,002.80 Construction ............................................................ 21.49 22.25 22.46 22.45 825.22 823.25 837.76 830.65 Manufacturing ......................................................... 17.64 18.07 18.09 18.14 723.24 708.34 709.13 705.65 Durable goods ..................................................... Wood products .................................................. Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... Primary metals .................................................. Fabricated metal products .............................. Machinery .......................................................... Computer and electronic products ................ Electrical equipment and appliances ............ Transportation equipment ............................... Furniture and related products ....................... Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 18.59 14.00 17.12 20.21 16.82 17.91 20.86 15.74 23.59 14.45 14.96 19.09 14.77 17.03 19.75 17.30 18.17 21.42 15.93 24.69 14.85 15.97 19.18 14.68 17.22 19.69 17.30 18.23 21.69 15.95 24.82 15.02 16.00 19.22 14.70 17.45 19.91 17.45 18.16 21.77 15.97 24.78 14.98 16.14 767.77 540.40 722.46 854.88 699.71 761.18 853.17 643.77 1,002.58 553.44 586.43 748.33 531.72 657.36 786.05 678.16 735.89 863.23 613.31 990.07 547.97 603.67 751.86 531.42 675.02 793.51 671.24 731.02 863.26 615.67 997.76 564.75 614.40 749.58 536.55 701.49 782.46 664.85 722.77 862.09 616.44 996.16 549.77 616.55 Nondurable goods ............................................... Food manufacturing ......................................... Beverages and tobacco products .................. Textile mills ........................................................ Textile product mills ......................................... Apparel ............................................................... Leather and allied products ............................ Paper and paper products .............................. Printing and related support activities ........... Petroleum and coal products .......................... Chemicals .......................................................... Plastics and rubber products .......................... 16.03 13.88 19.41 13.45 11.77 11.51 12.63 18.64 16.63 26.96 19.35 15.80 16.48 14.30 20.25 13.76 11.53 11.40 14.19 18.99 16.79 29.57 19.96 16.22 16.42 14.22 20.40 13.89 11.32 11.25 14.18 18.90 16.72 29.82 19.93 16.17 16.49 14.27 20.03 13.82 11.34 11.50 14.27 19.17 16.78 28.88 19.94 16.20 647.61 560.75 770.58 515.14 449.61 423.57 491.31 805.25 638.59 1,156.58 799.16 647.80 644.37 561.99 741.15 493.98 426.61 403.56 465.43 780.49 622.91 1,286.30 820.36 639.07 643.66 561.69 730.32 500.04 418.84 408.38 470.78 769.23 628.67 1,294.19 815.14 633.86 639.81 552.25 703.05 491.99 416.18 410.55 453.79 784.05 620.86 1,276.50 811.56 633.42 Private service-providing ............................. 17.67 18.33 18.31 18.24 568.97 592.06 589.58 581.86 Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 16.13 16.47 16.43 16.41 533.90 538.57 537.26 534.97 Wholesale trade ................................................... 20.01 20.65 20.66 20.70 764.38 784.70 780.95 774.18 Retail trade ........................................................... 12.89 12.99 13.01 13.02 385.41 384.50 385.10 385.39 Transportation and warehousing ...................... 18.30 18.73 18.54 18.51 662.46 663.04 669.29 657.11 Utilities ................................................................... 28.70 29.70 29.41 29.52 1,225.49 1,286.01 1,241.10 1,251.65 Information ............................................................... 24.56 25.12 25.39 25.27 891.53 931.95 934.35 914.77 Financial activities .................................................. 20.21 20.68 20.70 20.66 721.50 761.02 753.48 739.63 Professional and business services .................... 20.91 22.52 22.54 22.28 727.67 785.95 786.65 766.43 Education and health services ............................. 18.75 19.26 19.20 19.29 607.50 624.02 624.00 623.07 Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 10.81 11.06 10.99 10.97 272.41 275.39 272.55 269.86 Other services ......................................................... 16.09 16.34 16.34 16.30 493.96 501.64 498.37 495.52 1 See p= footnote 1, table B-2. preliminary. Apr. 2009p ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted Percent change from: Mar. 2009-p Apr. 2009 Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Apr. 2009p Total private: Current dollars ................................................ Constant (1982) dollars 2................................. $17.94 8.29 $18.40 8.65 $18.43 8.64 $18.46 8.61 $18.50 8.64 $18.51 N.A. 0.1 Goods-producing .......................................................... 19.16 19.69 19.72 19.78 19.86 19.84 -.1 Mining and logging ................................................................. 21.77 23.23 23.14 23.14 23.41 23.49 .3 Construction ............................................................................ 21.62 22.41 22.43 22.42 22.60 22.57 -.1 Manufacturing ......................................................................... Excluding overtime 4..................................................... 17.64 16.82 17.96 17.33 17.99 17.36 18.07 17.47 18.11 17.53 18.13 17.53 .1 .0 Durable goods ..................................................................... 18.61 18.94 18.99 19.09 19.18 19.21 .2 Nondurable goods ............................................................... 16.01 16.39 16.43 16.49 16.46 16.49 .2 Private service-providing ............................................. 17.63 18.10 18.14 18.17 18.19 18.22 .2 Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................................... 16.08 16.31 16.36 16.38 16.37 16.40 .2 Wholesale trade ................................................................... 20.05 20.31 20.41 20.52 20.60 20.70 .5 Retail trade ........................................................................... 12.84 12.94 12.97 12.96 12.97 12.98 .1 Transportation and warehousing ...................................... 18.31 18.66 18.72 18.67 18.62 18.62 .0 Utilities ................................................................................... 28.54 29.16 29.22 29.67 29.29 29.36 .2 Information ............................................................................... 24.56 24.91 24.98 25.09 25.30 25.27 -.1 Financial activities .................................................................. 20.17 20.53 20.53 20.55 20.63 20.63 .0 Professional and business services .................................... 20.90 21.97 22.04 22.17 22.28 22.30 .1 Education and health services ............................................. 18.74 19.20 19.18 19.24 19.21 19.29 .4 Leisure and hospitality ........................................................... 10.81 10.94 10.97 10.97 10.97 10.96 -.1 Other services ......................................................................... 16.00 16.29 16.30 16.25 16.23 16.23 .0 Industry 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. 3 Change was .3 percent from Feb. 2009 to Mar. 2009, the latest month available. 2 The (3) 4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half. N.A. = not available. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2008 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Apr. 2009p Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Percent Apr. change from: 2009p Mar. 2009Apr. 2009 p Total private ....................................... 106.2 99.6 99.5 98.6 107.4 103.2 102.5 101.9 100.9 100.3 -0.6 97.1 82.0 81.1 80.3 99.0 90.4 88.1 86.5 84.3 82.9 -1.7 Mining and logging ................................................. 132.0 130.1 124.9 121.6 135.6 139.1 138.3 135.1 129.6 125.9 -2.9 Construction ............................................................ 105.9 85.8 85.9 86.7 110.4 99.8 97.5 96.1 93.0 90.6 -2.6 Manufacturing ......................................................... 91.7 78.3 77.1 75.6 92.2 84.0 81.7 79.8 78.3 77.6 -.9 Durable goods ..................................................... 94.4 Wood products .................................................. 79.5 Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 93.0 Primary metals .................................................. 90.2 Fabricated metal products .............................. 103.2 Machinery .......................................................... 103.6 Computer and electronic products ................ 102.7 Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 88.9 Transportation equipment ............................... 92.5 Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 77.4 Furniture and related products ....................... 77.7 Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 90.2 78.1 57.9 72.0 71.3 86.4 88.5 93.3 78.1 72.1 52.8 60.8 82.2 76.6 58.8 72.3 70.2 83.4 84.7 91.2 76.0 71.6 52.7 60.7 82.1 75.0 60.0 76.8 65.6 79.7 82.4 89.0 74.1 69.7 51.8 58.7 82.4 94.9 80.6 94.1 90.5 103.6 104.0 103.5 89.5 91.9 76.2 78.7 90.7 84.6 66.7 84.0 78.1 93.8 94.8 96.8 83.8 79.0 61.3 66.1 85.9 81.6 64.6 81.0 75.6 89.8 91.8 96.4 81.8 73.2 53.5 64.7 84.8 79.6 62.5 78.9 72.0 87.4 88.9 94.1 79.1 72.4 53.2 62.5 83.7 77.6 62.1 76.6 70.1 84.1 85.4 91.5 76.7 71.7 52.7 61.4 82.6 76.6 61.7 77.2 67.3 82.2 84.3 91.0 76.3 70.6 51.8 59.9 83.3 -1.3 -.6 .8 -4.0 -2.3 -1.3 -.5 -.5 -1.5 -1.7 -2.4 .8 Nondurable goods ............................................... Food manufacturing ......................................... Beverages and tobacco products .................. Textile mills ........................................................ Textile product mills ......................................... Apparel ............................................................... Leather and allied products ............................ Paper and paper products .............................. Printing and related support activities ........... Petroleum and coal products .......................... Chemicals .......................................................... Plastics and rubber products .......................... 87.1 98.2 89.6 49.2 72.1 57.9 71.2 84.6 87.8 96.6 95.3 89.1 78.4 94.4 83.6 37.2 61.0 47.6 56.8 75.0 75.7 83.5 90.2 75.1 77.8 94.5 82.1 37.0 58.5 48.0 57.7 73.3 75.6 84.1 89.0 73.3 76.6 92.9 80.7 36.4 56.9 45.7 56.9 73.3 73.0 90.7 87.8 72.5 88.2 101.7 92.1 49.4 71.5 57.8 71.1 85.3 88.3 98.9 95.2 89.1 82.8 98.6 89.3 40.7 65.0 51.3 62.5 79.8 80.6 98.4 91.8 80.2 81.6 98.7 90.1 39.7 62.7 49.7 60.9 77.9 78.7 93.3 91.0 78.0 80.3 98.0 88.8 38.2 61.4 48.4 59.1 76.4 76.5 89.2 90.4 76.2 79.3 97.9 86.4 37.2 58.6 48.0 58.4 74.8 75.6 89.9 89.1 74.4 79.2 98.7 85.1 37.3 57.6 46.6 58.3 74.8 74.5 93.7 88.2 74.6 -.1 .8 -1.5 .3 -1.7 -2.9 -.2 .0 -1.5 4.2 -1.0 .3 Private service-providing ............................. 108.5 104.9 104.7 104.0 109.5 107.0 106.6 105.9 105.4 105.0 -.4 Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 103.1 97.4 97.2 96.7 104.8 100.6 100.2 99.3 98.9 98.3 -.6 Wholesale trade ................................................... 109.2 103.4 102.4 100.8 109.9 105.5 105.6 104.2 102.9 102.2 -.7 99.1 94.1 94.1 94.0 101.6 97.1 96.8 96.8 96.4 96.0 -.4 Transportation and warehousing ...................... 107.7 99.2 100.8 98.5 109.3 104.2 102.8 101.2 101.6 100.7 -.9 Industry Goods-producing .......................................... Retail trade ........................................................... Utilities ................................................................... 97.6 101.4 98.7 98.6 97.7 100.2 100.1 101.6 99.8 99.2 -.6 Information ............................................................... 99.7 98.3 97.6 95.3 100.7 99.6 99.4 98.4 97.5 96.6 -.9 Financial activities .................................................. 107.2 106.8 105.1 102.9 108.3 106.2 106.5 105.8 104.6 103.9 -.7 Professional and business services .................... 114.9 106.7 106.4 105.3 115.4 110.8 110.1 108.6 107.4 106.8 -.6 Education and health services ............................. 115.6 117.9 118.5 118.1 115.4 116.9 117.2 116.9 117.4 117.8 .3 Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 109.4 102.0 102.8 103.9 111.2 107.8 106.7 107.2 106.0 105.7 -.3 97.0 96.5 96.5 99.9 98.3 98.2 97.6 97.0 96.9 -.1 Other services ......................................................... 1 See 99.6 footnote 1, table B-2. motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. p = preliminary. NOTE: The index of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing 2 Includes the current months estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production and nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Apr. 2008 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Apr. 2009p Apr. 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009p Percent Apr. change from: 2009p Mar. 2009Apr. 2009 p Total private ....................................... 127.3 123.6 123.4 121.9 128.7 126.9 126.2 125.7 124.7 124.0 -0.6 Goods-producing .......................................... 113.5 98.6 98.1 97.4 116.1 109.0 106.4 104.7 102.5 100.7 -1.8 Mining and logging ................................................. 167.1 175.5 170.3 166.4 171.7 188.0 186.2 181.8 176.5 172.0 -2.5 Construction ............................................................ 122.9 103.0 104.2 105.1 128.9 120.8 118.0 116.4 113.5 110.5 -2.6 Manufacturing ......................................................... 105.8 92.5 91.2 89.7 106.3 98.7 96.1 94.3 92.7 92.0 -.8 Durable goods ..................................................... 109.6 93.0 91.8 90.0 110.2 100.1 96.8 94.9 92.9 91.9 -1.1 Nondurable goods ............................................... 98.6 91.3 90.2 89.3 99.8 95.9 94.7 93.6 92.2 92.3 .1 Private service-providing ............................. 131.4 131.8 131.4 130.1 132.4 132.8 132.6 131.9 131.5 131.2 -.2 Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 118.6 114.4 114.0 113.2 120.3 117.0 116.9 116.1 115.4 115.0 -.3 Wholesale trade ................................................... 128.7 125.8 124.7 122.9 129.8 126.2 126.9 126.0 124.9 124.7 -.2 Retail trade ........................................................... 109.5 104.8 105.0 105.0 111.8 107.7 107.7 107.5 107.2 106.8 -.4 Transportation and warehousing ...................... 125.0 117.8 118.5 115.7 127.0 123.3 122.1 119.9 120.0 119.0 -.8 Utilities ................................................................... 116.9 125.7 121.2 121.5 116.4 121.9 122.1 125.8 122.1 121.6 -.4 Information ............................................................... 121.3 122.3 122.7 119.3 122.5 122.8 122.9 122.2 122.1 120.9 -1.0 Financial activities .................................................. 133.9 136.6 134.6 131.4 135.0 134.9 135.1 134.4 133.4 132.5 -.7 Professional and business services .................... 142.9 143.0 142.7 139.7 143.5 144.9 144.3 143.3 142.3 141.7 -.4 Education and health services ............................. 142.5 149.2 149.6 149.8 142.1 147.5 147.8 147.9 148.2 149.4 .8 Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 134.3 128.2 128.3 129.4 136.5 133.9 132.9 133.6 132.1 131.5 -.5 Other services ......................................................... 116.8 115.5 114.9 114.6 116.5 116.6 116.6 115.6 114.7 114.5 -.2 Industry 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. preliminary. NOTE: The index of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate payrolls p= by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate payroll estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and production and nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change (Percent) Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Private nonfarm payrolls, 271 industries 1 Over 1-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... 52.6 64.9 53.5 42.1 22.1 60.1 62.2 55.5 40.6 20.8 54.1 63.8 52.4 44.1 p 20.3 58.1 59.8 49.4 41.1 p 28.2 56.8 49.1 55.9 42.6 58.3 51.8 48.3 36.9 58.5 59.2 50.7 37.6 59.2 55.4 46.5 39.1 54.2 55.7 55.9 34.7 55.9 56.3 57.2 33.0 62.7 59.4 59.4 27.1 57.6 60.7 57.9 20.5 51.7 67.7 62.5 57.7 18.6 57.2 68.6 54.8 44.8 14.2 59.0 65.1 54.2 40.2 p 14.6 59.8 65.1 54.8 39.7 p 15.9 57.9 60.5 54.1 37.3 62.0 58.9 50.4 33.6 60.5 55.5 52.8 33.6 62.9 57.0 48.7 32.8 60.3 55.0 53.3 34.9 55.5 54.4 53.9 33.2 56.3 59.0 58.3 26.9 62.7 64.2 62.5 20.8 55.4 64.6 60.3 56.6 21.6 57.9 63.8 57.2 53.0 17.2 58.1 67.5 60.5 50.7 p 14.2 57.0 66.2 58.3 47.4 p 15.1 58.3 65.5 55.5 40.2 60.9 66.6 56.5 33.4 63.1 60.3 52.8 31.0 63.3 61.1 52.4 33.4 61.6 57.9 56.6 30.6 59.6 57.9 54.4 29.0 61.4 62.4 56.8 26.0 62.5 59.0 59.0 24.4 60.9 67.2 63.3 54.4 24.0 60.9 65.5 59.4 56.1 22.0 60.0 65.9 61.1 52.6 p 19.7 59.2 62.9 59.6 49.1 p 18.6 58.3 65.5 59.2 50.2 60.3 66.8 58.3 47.8 61.3 64.8 56.8 43.7 63.3 64.4 57.2 42.3 60.7 66.6 59.4 38.0 59.2 65.9 58.9 37.8 59.8 64.9 58.1 32.3 61.8 66.2 59.6 28.2 Over 3-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... Over 6-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... Over 12-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... Manufacturing payrolls, 83 industries 1 Over 1-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... 36.7 57.8 44.6 30.7 6.0 46.4 49.4 41.0 28.9 9.6 42.2 53.6 30.7 37.3 p 12.7 46.4 47.0 24.7 32.5 p 26.5 40.4 37.3 38.0 40.4 33.7 50.6 32.5 25.3 41.0 49.4 43.4 25.9 43.4 42.2 30.7 27.7 45.8 40.4 39.2 22.9 47.6 42.8 42.8 18.7 44.6 41.0 60.8 15.1 47.0 44.0 48.2 10.2 36.7 56.6 40.4 48.8 6.0 43.4 57.2 33.1 33.7 3.6 41.0 48.2 33.1 28.3 p 2.4 41.6 48.2 28.9 29.5 p 10.8 35.5 44.6 29.5 26.5 36.1 50.0 30.1 22.9 34.9 43.4 31.9 19.9 36.7 45.2 28.9 16.9 42.2 36.7 30.7 22.3 44.0 33.1 30.7 21.1 38.6 35.5 39.2 15.1 48.8 39.2 51.2 11.4 33.7 45.2 37.3 34.3 9.0 39.8 45.2 33.1 30.1 4.8 38.0 50.6 29.5 37.3 p 4.8 36.1 48.8 28.9 35.5 p 7.2 35.5 50.6 30.7 25.3 34.9 50.0 34.9 20.5 39.8 45.2 28.9 17.5 36.1 47.0 26.5 18.1 36.1 43.4 29.5 16.9 38.0 42.2 28.3 13.3 36.7 39.8 33.7 11.4 39.8 34.3 38.0 9.6 45.2 44.0 39.8 27.7 8.4 44.0 41.0 36.7 28.9 4.8 42.2 41.0 37.3 25.9 p 4.8 41.0 39.8 30.7 25.3 p 4.8 36.7 39.8 28.9 30.7 35.5 45.2 29.5 27.1 32.5 42.2 30.7 24.7 34.3 42.8 28.9 19.3 33.1 47.0 33.1 21.7 33.7 48.8 28.9 21.7 33.7 45.8 34.3 16.9 38.0 44.6 35.5 15.1 Over 3-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... Over 6-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... Over 12-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... 1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. p = preliminary. NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
@FedFRASER