Full text of The Employment Situation : April 1985

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NeWS Sr 4>
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Washington, D.C. 20212

Technical information: (202) 523-1371
523-1944
523-1959
Media contact:
523-1913

USDL

85-184

TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS
RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL
8:30 A.M. (EDT), FRIDAY,
MAY 3, 1985

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: APRIL 1985
Nonfarm payroll employment rose in April, and unemployment
was
unchanged, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor
reported today. The overall jobless rate was 7.2 percent and the rate for
civilian workers was 7.3 percent; both were the same as in the prior 2
months and have shown little movement since last fall.
The number of nonagricultural payroll jobs—as measured by the monthly
survey
of
establishments—rose by 215,000 in April, after seasonal
adjustment, to 96.7 million, as there were continued large job advances in
services and construction.
At 106.9 million, civilian employment—as
measured by the monthly survey of households—was little changed from
March.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
For the third month in a row, there was no change in the seasonally
adjusted level of unemployment (8.4 million) and the rate for civilian
workers (7.3 percent). Both measures have changed very little since last
autumn.
There were also no significant over-the-month changes among any of the
major worker groups.
Jobless rates for adult men (6.3 percent), adult
women (6.8 percent), teenagers (17.7 percent), whites (6.3 percent), blacks
(15.3 percent), and workers of Hispanic origin (10.3 percent) all were
virtually unchanged. As with the overall figure, there has been little
movement in any of these rates since last autumn. (See tables A-2 and
A-3.)
There was very little change in the measures of unemployment duration
in April. The median edged back to the January level of 6.7 weeks, and the
mean was about unchanged at 16.1 weeks. Both were down markedly over the
year, as was the number unemployed for 6 months or more. (See table A-7.)
Civilian Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
over

Civilian employment rose about in line with usual seasonal patterns
the month and, after seasonal adjustment, was little different from




- 2 the March level. The employment-population ratio, at 60.1 percent, edged
down by 0.2 percentage point from the record high level of the prior month.
Over the year, the number of employed persons rose by 2.5 million, much
smaller than the increase of 4.8 million that had occurred in the prior
12-month period. (See table A-2.)
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

Quarterly
averages

Monthly data
Mar.Apr.
change

Category
1984

1985

IV

I

1985

I
Feb.

1

| Mar.

| Apr.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
115,885
107,652
114,185
105,951
8,233
62,948
1,303

Thousands of persons
116,858 116,787 117,215 117,073
108 ,,432 108,388 108,820 108,647
115,158 115,084 115,514 115,371
106,732 106,685 107,119 106,945
8,426
8,396
8,399
8,426
62,364 62,432 62,153 62,428
1,253
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

-142
-173
-143
-174
30

275
N.A.

Percent of labor force
Unemployment rates:

White
Black

7.1
7.2
6.2
6.6
18.4
6.2
15.1
10.5

7.2
7.3
6.3
6.7
18.4
6.2
16.3
9.7

7.2
7.3
6.3
6.7
18.5
6.3
15.5
10.1

7.2
7.3
6.2
6.7
18.2
6.2
15.2
10.2

7.2
7.3
6.3
6.8
17.7
6.3
15.3
10.3

0
0
0.1

.1
-.5
.1

.1
.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
r

Nonfarm payroll employment..

95,445 p96,240
25,154 p25,300
70,291 p70,940

rhousands of jobs
96,161 p96,514 p96,731
25,235 p25,326 p25,361
70,926 p71,188 p71,370

p217
p35
P 182

Hours of work
Average weekly hours:

Manufacturing overtime....

35.2
40.5
3.4

p35.1
p40.3
P 3.3

\J
Includes the resident Armed Forces.
p=preliminary.




35.0
40.0
3.3

p35.2
p40.4
p3.3

p35.1
p40.3
p3.4

p-0.1
p-.l
P.l

N.A.=not available.

- 3 The civilian labor force was also about unchanged in April at a
seasonally adjusted level of 115.4 million. Over the year, the labor force
increased by 2.2 million. All of this increase occurred among adults—1.5
million women and 700,000 men.
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
Total nonagricultural employment, at 96.7 million, rose by 215,000 in
April, seasonally adjusted. Three-fourths of this increase took place in
services and construction. April job expansion occurred in slightly more
than half of the industries in the BLS index of diffusion. (See tables 3-1
and B-6.)
The over-the-month gain of 90,000 in the services industry was a
continuation of the strong employment growth that has long been evident.
At 21.6 million in April, the services employment total was 1.1 million
above the year-earlier level. Construction employment advanced by 70,000
over the month after seasonal adjustment and, at 4.7 million, was up by
410,000 over the year, reflecting strength in homebuilding and highway
construction.
Also registering substantial employment gains in April were
wholesale trade and finance, insurance, and real estate.
Manufacturing employment fell by 45,000 in April, the third consecutive
monthly decline. Since January, 130,000 manufacturing jobs have been lost.
Nearly all of the April job decrease occurred in durable goods, where
losses were generally small but pervasive, paced by a 15,000 drop in
electrical and electronic equipment.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls edged down a tenth of an hour in April, seasonally
adjusted. Weekly hours in manufacturing also dropped 0.1 hour, but factory
overtime edged up a tenth to 3.4 hours. (See table B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged in April at 115.3
(1977=100). Reflecting reductions in both factory jobs and hours, the
manufacturing index dropped 0.4 percent to 95.1. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings increased 0.5 percent in April, and average
weekly earnings increased 0.2 percent, seasonally adjusted. Prior to
seasonal adjustment, average hourly earnings rose 3 cents to $8.55, and
average weekly earnings were up 20 cents to $298.40. Over the past year,
hourly earnings have risen 26 cents and weekly earnings $5.76. (See table
B-3.)




- 4 The Hourly Earnings Index (Establishment Survey Data)
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 164.4 (1977=100) in April,
seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.1 percent from March. For the 12
months ended in April, the increase (before seasonal adjustment) was 2.9
percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two types of changes unrelated to
underlying wage rate movements—fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing
and interindustry employment shifts.
In dollars of constant purchasing
power, the HEI decreased 0.7 percent during the 12-month period ended in
March. (See table B-4.)




****************************************************
*

*

*
*
*
*
*
*

*
*
*
*
*
*

The establishment-based series on nonagricultural
payroll employment, hours, and earnings will be revised
next month to reflect the annual employment benchmark
adjustments
and
updated
seasonal
factors.
The
Employment Situation news release
of
May
data,
scheduled for June 7, will introduce these revisions.

*
***********************************************************

*

Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys,
the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the
Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey).
The household survey provides the information on the labor
force, total employment, and unemployment that appears in
the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample
survey of about 59,500 households that is conducted by the
Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected
from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies.
The sample includes over 200,000 establishments employing over
35 million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually
collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household
survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey
week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the
pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of technical
factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a
survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each
of these factors is explained below.
Coverage, definitions, and differences
between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are selected
so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population
16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is
classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.
Those who hold more than one job are classified according to
the job at which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all
as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or
on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were
paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were
on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their
eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if
they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at




that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Also included among the
unemployed are persons not looking for work because they
were laid off and waiting to be recalled and those expecting to
report to a job within 30 days.
The labor force equals the sum of the number employed and
the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the
percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian
plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special
grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The
definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive
definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive yields U-7.
The overall unemployment rate is U-5a, while U-5b represents
the same measure with a civilian labor force base.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only
counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the
payroll recprds of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there are
many differences between the two surveys, among which are
the following:
— The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a
larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture,
the self-employed, unpaid family workers, private household workers, and
members of the resident Armed Forces;
— The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed; the establishment survey does not;
— The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older; the
establishment survey is not limited by age;
— The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at
more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be
counted separately for each appearance.

Other differences between the two surveys are described in
"Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and
Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon
request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as
changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.
For example, the labor force increases by a large number each
June, when schools close and many young people enter the job
market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very
large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may
account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular
pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in economic activity or increases in the participation
of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the
school's-out example, the large number of people, entering the
labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined.
However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can
be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the
seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
economic activity.
Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment
contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all
employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and
average hourly earnings include components based on the
employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the
components and combining them. The second procedure
usually yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure
for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted
civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed
Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally
adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and
the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of
the labor force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-Jur:? period
and again for the July-December period. The January revision
is applied to data that have been published over the previous 5
years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for
seasonal adjustment are calculated only once a year, along
with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed
at the end of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys
are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the
number of people employed and the other estimates drawn
from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would
be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the
amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other
factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the
chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based
on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error




from the results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will
differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error from the
results of a complete census. At approximately the 90-percent
level of confidence—the confidence limits used by BLS in its
analyses—the error for the monthly change in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 328,000; for total
unemployment it is 220,000; and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures do not
mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes but,
rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that
the "true" level or rate would not be expected to differ from
the estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the
data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or
annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the
larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the
estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error
than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among
the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of
adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for
the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly
change in the jobless rate for men is .26 percentage point; for
teenagers, it is 1.25 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most current
months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these
estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the
returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are
revised. In other words, data for the month of September are
published in preliminary form in October and November and
in final form in December. To remove errors that build up
over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes can be
measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in
the classification of industries and allow for the formation of
new establishments.
Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation, BIS regularly publishes a wide variety of data
in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by
BLS. It is available for $4.50 per issue or $31.00 per year from
the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
20204. A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of
the standard errors for the household survey data published in
this release. For unemployment and other labor force
categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of
its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the
data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual
amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P, and Q of that publication.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

TabJa A-1. Employment status of ths population, Including Armed Fprcsa In the Unltsd Stats*, by N X
(Number* In thousands)
Neteeaaenally adjusted
Employment atatua and sex
Apr.
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr .
1985

Apr .
1984

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1985

Feb.
1985

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

TOTAL
Noninatltutlonal population1
Labor force*
Participation rate*
Total employed*
Employment-population ratio4 . . .
Realdent Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagriculturel Industrie*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*
Not In labor force

177 ,662
113 ,845
64.1
105 ,321
59.3
1 ,693
103 ,628
3 ,191
100 ,437
8 ,525
7.5
63 ,817

179,368
116,095
64.7
107,469
59.9
1,701
105,768
2,909
102,859
8,625
7.4
63,273

179,501
116,027
64.6
107,877
60.1
1,702
106,175
3,229
102,946
8,150
7.0
63,474

177,662
114,895
64.7
106,095
59.7
1,693
104,402
3,379
101,023
8,800
7.7
62,767

179,004
116,162
64.9
107,971
60.3
1,698
106,273
3,385
102,888
8,191
7.1
62,842

179,081
116,572
65.1
108,088
60.4
1,697
106,391
3,320
103,071
8,484
7.3
62,509

179,219
116,787
65.2
108,308
60.5
1,703
106,685
3,340
103,345
8,399
7.2
62,432

179,368
117,215
65.3
108,820
60.7
1,701
107,119
3,362
103,757
8,396
7.2
62,153

179,501
117,073
65.2
108,647
60.5
1,702
106,945
3,428
103,517
8,426
7.2
62,428

84,953
64,575
76.0
59,665
70.2
1,548
58,117
4,909
7.6

85,764
65,194
76.0
60,326
70.3
1,553
58,773
4,868
7.5

85,827
65,359
76.2
60,7 79
70.8
1,553
59,226
4,580
7.0

84,953
65,200
76.7
60,289
71.0
1,548
58,741
4,911
7.5

85,607
65,814
76.9
61,2-52
71.6
1,550
59,702
4,562
6.9

85,629
65,822
76.9
61,213
71.5
1,549
59,664
4,609
7.0

85,692
65,818
76.8
61,226
71.4
1,554
59,672
4,592
7.0

85,764
65,923
76.9
61,427
71.6
1,553
59,874
4,495
6.8

85,827
65,986
76.9
61,405
71.5
1,553
59,852
4,582
6.9

92,709
49,271
53.1
45,655
49.2
145
45,510
3,615
7.3

93,603
50,901
54.4
47,143
50.4
148
46,995
3,758
7.4

93,674
50,668
54.1
47,098
50.3
149
46,949
3,570
7.0

92,709
49,695
53.6
45,806
49.4
145
45,661
3,889
7.8

93,397
50,348
53.9
46,719
50.0
148
46,571
3,629
7.2

93,452
50,750
54.3
46,875
50.2
148
46,727
3,875
7.6

93,527
50,970
54.5
47,162
50.4
149
47,013
3,807
7.5

93,603
51,293
54.8
47,392
50.6
148
47,244
3,900
7.6

93,674
51,086
54.5
47,242
50.4
149
47,093
3,844
7.5

Men, 16 yeara and over
Noninatltutlonal population*
Labor force*
Participation rate'
Total employed*
Employment-population ratio4 . . .
Realdent Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*
Women, 1# years and over
Noninatltutlonal population*
Labor force*
Participation rate*:
•
Total employed*
Employment-population ratio4 . . .
Realdent Armed Forces

Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate'

,

—

1
The population and Armed Forces figurea are not adjuoted for seasonal variation;
therefore, Identical numbers appear In the unadjusted and. seasonally adjuated
columns.
' Include* members of the Armed Forces stationed In the United States.




' Labor force as a percent of the noninatltutlonal population.
4
Total employment as a percent of the noninatltutlonal population. .
' Unemployment aa a percent of the labor.force (Including the realdent Armed
Forces).

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Tabla A-2. Employmant atatua of tha civilian population by aax and
(Numbers In thousand*)

Not
Employment statue, aax, and age

Apr.
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1965

Feb.
1985

Mar.
1985

TOTAL
Civilian npnlnstltutlonal population

Civilian labor force
Participation rata
Employed
Employment-population ratio1 . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

175,969
112,152
63.7
103,628
58.9
8,525
7.6

177,667
114,394
64.4
105,768
59.5
8,625
7.5

177,799
114,325
64.3
106,175
59. *l
8,150
7.1

175,969
113,202
64.3
104,402
59.3
8,800
7.8

177,306
114,464
64.6
106,273
59.9
8,191
7.2

177,384
114,875
64.8
106,391
60.0
8,484
7.4

177,516
115,084
64.8
106,685
60.1
8,399
7.3

177,667
115,514
65.0
107,119
60.3
8,396
7.3

75,973
59,203
-77.9
55,022
72.4
2,355
52,667
4,181
7.1

76,904
59,825
77.8
55,713
72.4
2,105
53,608
4,112
6.9

76,988
59,914
,77.8
56,012
72.8
2,302
53,710
3,902
6.5

75,973
59,474
78.3
55,387
72.9
2,446
52,941
4,087
6.9

76,753
60,131
78.3
56,372
73.4
2,494
53,878
3,759
6.3

76,760
60,033
78.2
56,234
73.3
2,417
53,817
3,798
- 6.3

76,829
60,061
78.2
56,287
73.3
2,362
53,926
3,774
6.3

76,904
60,152
78.2
56,421
73.4
2,326
54,095
3,731
6.2

85,168
45,562
53.5
42,594
50.0
570
42,024
2,969
6.5

86,181
47,165
54.7
44,043
51.1
557
43,485
3,122
6.6

86,274
47,044
54.5
44,042
51.0
605
43,437
3,002
6.4

85,168
45,685
53.6
42,524
49.9
613
41,911
3,161
6.9

85,995
46,463
54.0
43,511
50.6
595
42,916
2,952
6.4

86,015
46,771
54.4
43,610
50.7
592
43,018
3,161
6.8

86,086
46,894
54.5
43,768
50.8
614
43,153
3,126
6.7

86,181
47,193
54.8
44,014
51.1
659
43,355
3,179
6.7

14,828
7,387
49.8
6,012,
. 40.5
266
5,745
1,375
18.6

14,582
7,404
50.8
6,013
41.2
247
5,766
1,391
18v8

14,538
7,367
50.7
6,121
42.1
322
5,799
1,246
16.9

14,828
8,043
54.2
6,491
43.8
320
6,171
1,552
19.3

14,557
7,870
54.1
6,390
43.9
296
6,094
1,480
18.8

14,610
8,072
55.2
6,547
44.8
311
6,236
1,525
18.9

14,600
8,129
55.7
6,630
45.4
364
6,266
1,499
18.4

14,582
8,169
56.0
6,684
45.8
377
6,307
1,485
18.2

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian nonlnatltutlonal population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio* . . .
Agriculture
Nonagrlcultural Induatrlea
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 20 yeara and over
Civilian nonlnatltutlonal population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio* . . .
Agriculture
Nonagrlcultural Industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
•oth aexee, 16 to 19 yeara
Civilian nonlnatltutlonal population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio* . . .
Agriculture
Nonagrlcultural Industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
The population flguroa are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical
numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.




' Civilian employment aa a percent of the civilian nonlnatltutlonal population,

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Selected employment Indicators
(Numbers In thousands)
Net seasonally adjusted
Category

Seasonally adjusted

Apr.
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1985

Feb.
1985

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

103,628
38,789
25,533
5,486

105,768
39,136
26,247
5,597

106,175
39,197
26,136
5,628

104,402
39,012
25,468
5,482

106,273
39,443
26,122
5,396

106,391
39,441
25,912
5,584

106,685
39,357
26,108
5,525

107,119
39,531
26,195
5,631

106,945
39,434
26,058
5,622

1,526
1,485
181

1,338
1,376
195

1,603
1,433
192

1,627
1,545
215

1,733
1,485
212

1,596
1,531
227

1,611
1,503
242

1,610
1,502
263

1,705
1,491
231

92,243
16,052
76,191
1,234
74,957
7,850
343

94,813
16,324
78,488
1,153
77,335
7,707
340

94,907
16,255
78,652
1,163
77,489
7,734
305

92,908
15,765
77,143
1,280
75,863
7,812
341

94,725
15,858
78,867
1,257
77,610
7,786
357

95,068
15,738
79,330
1,374
77,956
7,783
343

95,348
16,009
79,339
1,304
78,035
7,673
340

95,756
16,004
79,752
1,210
78,542
7,809
320

95,617
15,968
79,649
1,208
78,441
7,696
304

5,325
2,256
2,738
14,376

;,466
2,612
2,527
14,455

5,239
2,433
2,452
14,353

5,758
2,390
3,085
13,326

5,814
2,596
2,873
13,239

5,628
2,431
2,848
13,355

5,335
2,212
2,835
13,647

5,664
2,599
2,744
13,624

5,664
2,580
2,755
13,278

5,132
2,148
2,668
13,910

5,249
2,465
2,469
14,017

4,998
2,273
2,393
13,835

5,520
2,255
2,982
12,924

5,596
2,473
2,793
12,778

5,389
2,287
2,749
12,861

5,077
2,040
2,751
13,157

5,400
2,405
2,649
13,137

5,374
2,390
2,668
12,834

CHARACTERISTIC

Civilian employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagrlcultural Industries:

Wage and salary workers
Government
Private Industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons

Slack work
Could only find part-time work

Voluntary part time
Nonagrlcultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such
reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

Table A-5. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Quarterly averages

1984
II
U-1

Monthly data
1985

III

1985
Feb.

IV

Apr.

Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the

civilian labor force
U-2

Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force

U-3

Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the
civilian labor force
Unemployed full-time jobseekers as a percent of the full-time

U-4

.-

civilian labor force

2.7

2.4

2.3

2.1

2.0

2. 1

2.1

2.1

4.2

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.7

3.6

3.7

6.1

5.8

5.7

5.6

5.7

5.6

5.6

5.7

7.6

7.2

7.1

7.0

7.0

7.1

6.9

6.9

U-5a

Total unemployed as a percent of the labor force. Including the
resident Armed Forces

7.8

7.4

7.3

7.1

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

U-5b

Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force

7.9

7.5

7.4

7.2

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

U-6

Total full-time jobseekers plus Vi part-time jobseekers plus Vi total on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less Vi of the
part-time labor force

10.5

10.1

10.0

9.8

9.8

9.7

9.7

U-7

Total full-time jobseekers plus Vi part-time jobseekers plus Vi total on part
time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the
civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less Vi of the
part-time labor force

11.7

11.1

11.0

10.9

N.A = not available.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Tabla A-3. Employment statue of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers In thousands)

Employment status, raoe, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
Apr.
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1985

Feb.
1985

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

WHITI
152,178
97,625
64.2
91,244
60.0
6,381
6.5

153,296
99,148
64.7
92,634
60.4
6,514
6.6

153,388
99,023
64.6
92,950
60.6
6,074
6.1

152,178
98,419
64.7
91,852
60.4
6,567
6.7

152,734
99,005
64.8
92,884
60.8
6,121
6.2

153,103
99,496
65.0
93,124
60.8
6,372
6.4

153,191
99,711
65.1
93,552
61.1
6,159
6.2

153,296
100,035
65.3
93,785
61.2
6,250
6.2

153,388
99,805
65.1
93,544
61.0
6,262
6.3

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

52,153
78.4
48,984
73.7
3,169
6. 1

52,560
78.2
49,395
73.5
3,165
6.0

52,631
78.3
49,670
73.9
2,960
5.6

52,387
78.8
49,284
74.1
3,103
5.9

52,695
78.8
49,840
74.5
2,855
5.4

52,727
78.6
49,808
74.3
2,918
5.5

52,750
78.6
49,907
74.4
2,843
5.4

52,823
78.6
49,995
74.4
2,828
5.4

52,866
78.6
49,970
74.3
2,896
5.5

"
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

38,934
53.0
36,761
50.0
2,173
5.6

40,139
54.1
37,836
51.0
2,303
5.7

39,990
53.9
37,799
50.9
2,191
5.5

38,987
53.1
36,667
49.9
2,320
6.0

39,434
53.4
37,259
50.4
2,175
5.5

39,789
53.7
37,440
50.6
2,348
5.9

39,925
53.9
37,681
50.8
2,244
5.6

40,158
54.1
37,798
51.0
2,360
5.9

40,024
53.9
37,686
50.8
2,338
5.8

Both sexes, 10 to 10 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,538
53.5
5,499
45.0
1,039
15.9
16.4
15.4

6,449
54.0
5,403
45.2
1,046
16.2
17.2
15.2

6,403
53.7
5,481
46.0
922
14.4
14.9
13.9

7,045
57.6
5,901
48.3
1,144
16.2
16.8
15.7

6,876
57.3
5,785
48.2
1,091
15.9
16.2
15.5

6,981
58.2
5,876
49.0
1,105
15.8
15.9
15.8

7,036
58.8
5,964
49.8
1,072
15.2
17.0
13.4

7,054
59.1
5,992
50.2
1,062
15.1
15.2
14.9

6,915
58.0
5,888
49.4
1,027
14.9
15.3
14.3

19,274
11,694
60.7
9,778
50.7
1,916
16.4

19,569
12,121
61.9
10,276
52.5
1,844
15.2

19,594
12,197
62.2
10,370
52.9
1,827
15.0

19,274
11,898
61.7
9,913
51.4
1,985
16.7

19,513
12,306
63.1
10,462
53.6
1,844
15.0

19,518
12,315
63.1
10,475
53.7
1,840
14.9

19,542
12,309
63.0
10,301
52.7
2,008
16.3

19,569
12,280
62.8
10,412
53.2
1,869
15.2

19,594
12,403
63.3
10,508
53.6
1,894
15.3

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,582
73.9
4,684
62.0
898
16.1

5,651
73.5
4,860
63.2
791
14.0

5,692
73.9
4,888
63.5
805
14.1

5,599
74.1
4,728
62.6
871
15.6

5,762
74.9
4,998
65.0
764
13.3

5,699
74.4
4,973
64.9
726
12.7

5,735
74.8
4,907
64.0
828
14.4

5,683
73.9
4,929
64.1
754
13.3

5,713
74.2
4,937
64.1
776
13.6

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,396
56.5
4,685
49.1
711
13.2

5,684
58.5
4,943
50.9
741
13.0

5,705
58.6
4,978
51.2
726
12.7

5,459
57.2
4,717
49.4
742
13.6

5,703
58.9
4,977
51.4
726
12.7

5,709
59.0
4,977
51.4
732
12.8

5,671
58.5
4,881
50.3
790
13.9

5,684
58.5
4,953
51.0
731
12.9

5,767
59.3
5,008
51.5
759
13.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

716
32.9
409
18.8
307
42.9
41.4
44.6

786
36.2
474
21.9
312
39.7
40.3
39.1

800
37.0
504
23.3
296
37.0
36.4
37.6

840
38.6
468
21.5
372
44.3
42.9
45.9

841
39.4
487
22.8
354
42.1
43.8
40.1

907
41.7
525
24.1
382
42.1
45.3
38.5

904
41.6
514
23.7
390
43.1
41.1
45.3

913
42.1
530
24.4
383
41.9
40.9
43.1

923
42.6
563
26.0
360
39.0
38.5
39.5

11,088
7,093
64.0
6,303
56.8
789
11.1

11,425
7,340
64.2
6,536
57.2
804
11.0

11,457
7,314
63.8
6,584
57.5
730
10.0

11,088
7,113
64.2
6,294
56.8
819
11.5

11,332
7,472
65.9
6,698
59.1
774
10.4

11,363
7,255
63.8
6,487
57.1
768
10.6

11,394
7,330
64.3
6,621
58.1
709
9.7

11,425
7,365
64.5
6,615
57.9
750
10.2

11,457
7,336
64.0
6,577
57.4
759
10.3

Civilian nonlnstltutionsl population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

BLACK
Civilian nonlnstltutionsl population.
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed . . . '
Unemployment rate

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian nonlnstltutionsl population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
'.
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal vaMatlon; therefore, Identical
numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
* Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnstltutionsl population.




NOTE: Detail for the above race and HIspanlc-orlgIn groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races"group are not presented and HIspanics are Included
in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Selected unemployment Indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
wployad par
An tnoueanda)
Category
Apr.
1985

Apr.
1964

Mar.
1985

8,800
4,911
4,087
3,889
3,161
1,552

8,396
4,495
3,731
3,900
3,179
1,485

8,426
4,582
3,807
3,844
3,197
1,422

7,
7,
6,
7,
6.
19.

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

1,932
1,579
643

1,741
1,644
637

1,755
1,628
682

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Labor force time loaf*

7,331
1,473

6,821
1,572

6,852
1,590

6,474
98
808
1,690
975
715
329
1,864
1,685
725
237

6,177
112
803
1^708
989
718
281
1,641
1,632
649
223

6,236
116
783
1,771
1,041
730
331
1,609
1,626
622
258

Apr.
1984

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1985

Feb.
1985

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

18.8

7.
7.
6.
7,
6.
18.

7.
7.
6.
7.
6.
18.

7.3
7.
6.
7.
6.
18.

7.3
7.1
6.3
7.5
r 6.8
17.7

4.7
5.8
10.5

4.4
5.4
9.6

4.
5.
10.

4.
5.
11.

4.2
5.9
10.2

.4.3
5.9
10.8

7.5
9.3
8.8

6.9
8.8
8.3

7.
9.
8.

7.
8.
8.

CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16yaara and over
Man, 16 years end over
Men, 20 yeara and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

6.9
9.7
8.2

INDUSTRY
Nonagrlcultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
*
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utltttlea
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service Industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

1
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
* Aggregate houra- lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic

7.
10.
14.
7.
7.
8.
5.
8.
6.
4.
12.

7.
10.
13.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
4.
12.

7.3
10.1
13.
7.

7.
10.
13.
7,
7.
8.
5.
7.
5.
3.
13.

7.2
11.0
13.3
7.7
7.4
8.1
4.6
7.5
5.7
3.9
12.2

7.3
10.9
13.3
8.0
7.8
8.3
5.4
7.3
5.7
3.7
13.1

reasons aa a percent of potentially available labor force houra.

Table A-7. Duration of unemployment
(Number* In thousands)

Weeks of unemployment

j

Apr.
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1985

Feb.
1985

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

2,981
2,206
3,337
1,431
1,906

3,159
2,696
2,770
1,321
1,449

3,120
2,242
2,788
1,306
1,483

3,407
2,485
2,842
1,102
1,740

3,282
2,516
2,374
972
1,402

3,662
2,552
2,243
941
1,302

3,524
2,469
2,416
1,076
1,340

3,590
2,478
2,400
1,065
1,335

3,558
2,525
2,377
1,022
1,354

20.5
10.0

17.0
8.7

17.7
8.3

18.7
8.1

17.3
7.4

15.3
6.7

15.9
7.2

15.9
7.1

16.1
6.7

100.0
36.6
31.3
32.1
15.3
16.8

100.0
38.3
27.5
34.2
16.0
18.2

100.0
40.2
30.8
29.1
11.9
17*2

100.0
43.3
30.2
26.5
11.1
15.4

100.
41.
29.
28.
12.8
15.9

100.0
42.4
29.3
28.3
12.6
15.8

100.0
42.1
29.8
28.1
12»1
16.0

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
19 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, In weeks
Median duration, In weeks
• f RCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Leas than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




*

100.
35.
25.
39.
16.
22.

100.
39.
28.
32.
12.
19.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers In thousand*) '
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Reason
Apr.
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1985

Feb.
f985

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

4,599
1,087
3,51.2
727
2,107
1,092

4,578
1,349
3,229
795
2,282
971

4,291
1,172
3,119

4 531
1 ,117
3 414792
2 ,301
1 197

4,176
1,070
3,106
858
2,218
1,011

4,313
1,229
3,084
884
2,244
1,049

4,251
1,240
3,011
865
2,233
1,035

4,158
1,163
2,995
848
2,341
1,090

4,228
1,208
3,019
838
2,312
1,072

100.
53,
12.
41.
8.
24,
12.8

100.
53.
15.
37.
9.
26.
11.

100.
52.
14.
38.
9.
26.
11.

100.0
51.4
12.7
38.7
9.0
26.1
13.6

100.0
50.5
12.9
37.6
10.4
26.8
12.2

100.0
50.8
14.5
36.3
10.4
26.4
12.4

100.0
50.7
14.8
35.9
10.3
26.6
12.3

100.0
49.3
13.8
35.5
10.0
27.7
12.9

100.
50.
14.
35.
9.
27.
12.

4.0
.7
2.0
1.1

3.6
.7
1.9
.9

NUMBER OF UNIMPLOYID
Job I.
On layoff
Other Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

768
2,122

969

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

t

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

4.1
.6
1.9
1.

4.0
.7
2.0
.8

3.7
.7
1.9
.8

3.7
.8
1.9
.9

3.8
.8
2.0
.9

3.7
.7
2.0
.9

3.6
.7
2.0
.9

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
nployedper
(In thousands)

Sex and age
Apr.
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1985

Feb.
1985

Mar.
1985

Apr.'
1985

8,800
3,495
1,552
676
880
1,943
5,307
4,637
641

8,396
3,236
1,485
685
811
1,751
5,149
4,543
599

8,426
3,161
1,422
660
767
1,739
5,263
4,642
599

7.8
14.5
19.3
22.1
17.6
12.1
6.0
6.3
4.3

7.2
13.5
18.8
21.0
17.
10.
5.
5.
4.

7.4
13.6
18.9
21
17
10
5
6
4

7.
13.
18.
20.
17.
11.
5.
5,
3.

7,
13.
18.
20.
16;
11.
5.
5.
4.

7.3
13.3
17.7
20.7.
15.8
11.0
5.
6.
4.

Men, 16 years and o v e r —
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16to17years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years.
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over —

4,911
1,920
824
372
457
1,096
2,994
2,587
395

4,495
1,734
764
378
392
970
2,750
2,401
339

4,582
1,716
775
374
406
941
2,865
2,516
344

7.
14,
19.
23.
17,
12.
5.
6.
4.

7.1
14.1
19.4
19.8
19.3
11.5
5.4
5.6
4.4

7.2
13.8
19.1
21.2
18.0
11.2
5.5
5.8
4.3

7.
14.
19.
20.
18.
11.8
5.4
5,
4.

7.
13.
18.
22.
15.
11.
5.
5.
3.

7.
13.
18.
21.
16.
11.
5.
5.
3.

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16to17years —
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over . . .

3,889
1,575
728
304
423
847
2,313
2,050
246

3,900
1,502
721
307
419
781
2,399
2,142
260

3,844'
1,445
647
286
361
798
2,398
2,126
255

7.8
14.0
18.8
20.8
17.6

7.2
12.8
18
22
16
10
5
6
i3

7.
13.
18.
21.
16.
10.
6.
6.
4.

7.
12.
17.
19.
16.
10.
5.
6.
3.

7.
13.
18.
19.
17.
10.
6.
6.
4.

7.
12.
17.
19.8
15.5
10.
6.
6.
4.

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

1

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian tabor force.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Tabfa A-10. Emptoymant atatua of bJaok and othar worfcara
(Numbers In thousands)

EHipvoyinowt atatua

Civilian nonlnatltutlonal population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rata
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not In labor force
< The population figures are not adjusted for
numbers appear In the unadjuated and seasonally

Apr.
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1985

Feb.
1985

23,791
14,528
61.1
12,384
52.1
2,144
•
14.8
9,263

24,371
15,245
62.6
13,134
53.9
2,111
13.8
9,125

24,411
15,302
62.7
13,225
54.2
2,076
13.6
9,110

23,791
14,783
62.1
12,558
52.8
2,225
15.1
9,008

24,572
15,540
63.2
13,420
54.6
2,120
13.6
9,032

24,282
15,415
63.5
13,310
54.8
2,105
13.7
8,867

24,325
15,361
63.1
13,125
54.0
2,236
14.6
8,96*

variation; therefore, Identical

Mar.
•1985
24,371
15,528
63.7
13,368
54.9
2,160
13.9
8,843

Apr.
1985
24,411
15,572
63.8
13,410
54.9
2,161
13.9
8,839

> Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnatltutlonal population.

Tabla A-11. Occupational atatua of tna amployod and unamployad, not aaaaonally adjuatad
(Numbers In thousands)

Total, 16 years and over*

j.

Apr.
1984

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

Apr.
1985

7.6

7.1

103,628

106,175

8,525

8,150

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

24,977
11,373
13,603

25,969
12,152
13,817

564
298
266

622
314
308

2.3
2.5
2.2

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, Including clerical

32,020
3,060
12,351
16,609

32,734
3,133
12,475
17,125

1,683
87
711
885

1,588
85
675
829

4.6
2.6
5.1
4.6

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

14,024
1,004
1,604
11,417

14,310
955
1,679
11,676

1,424
67
89
1,268

1,346
53
71
1,222

9.2
6.3
5.3
10.0

8.6
5.3
4.1
9.5

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trade*
Other precision production, craft, and repair

12,771
4,368
4,382
4,021

13,116
4,430
4,473
4,213

1,130
265
598
267

1,109
231
590
288

8.1
5.7
12.0
6.2

7.8
5.0
11.7
6.4

Operators, fabricators, and laborem
Machine operators, assemblers, and Inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaner*, helpers, and leborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

16,486
7,897
4,422
4,167
591
3,576

16,584
7,747
4,637
4,200
,588
3,613

2,237
949
455
833
203
630

2,163
1,008
411
744
198
547

11.
10.
9.
16.
25.
15.

11.5
11.5
8.1
15.1
25.2
13.2

3,349

3,462

317

311

Farming, forestry, and fishing
'Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last Job was In the Armed
IForces are Included In the unemployed total.




8.6

8.2

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

TaMa A-12. Employmawt atatva of mala Vlatnanvara vatarana and nonvatarana by aga, not aaaaowaHy adjuatad
(Number* in thousands)

CMHMItaftwrtataat

, — ..
Veteran statue
and age

m~~

Empwysv

Total

^eseewi ov

NiMibef
Apr.
1984

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

Apr.
1985

7,394
6,411
1,819
3,240
1,352
983

7,613
6,512
1,434
3,383
1,695
1,101

6,906
6,146
1,705
3,131
1,310
760

7,135
6,272
1,379
3,257
1,636
863

6,533
5,803
1,600
2,948
1,255
730

6,720
5,884
1,259
3,045
1,580
836

373
343
105
183
55
30

16,030
7,269
4,701
4,060

17,036
7,871
4,868
4,297

15,194
6,884
4,471
3,839

16,154
7,506
4,605
4,043

14,252
6,439
4,172
3,641

15,256
7,052
4,365
3,839

942
445
299
198

Apr.
1984

Apr.
1984

Apr.
1985

415
388
120
212
56
27

5.4
5.6
6.2
5.8
4.2
3.9

5.8
6.2
8.7
6.5
3.4
3.1

898
454
240
204

6.2
6.5
6.7
5.2

5.6
6.0
5.2
5.0

Apr.
1985

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over

45 years and over
NONVETERANS

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served In the Armed Forces between
August S, 1964 and May 7,1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served In the Armed Forces; published data are limited to thoee 30 to 44 veers of age, the group that most
closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.




Data for 25-to 29 year-old veterans are no longer shown In thtetaWo because Ihe group
Is rapidly disappearing (Into the 30-34 aga category) and the numbers remainingtorsome)
labor force categories are not large enough to warrant their continued publication.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employment status of the civilian population for eleven large States
(Numbers In thousands)
Apr.
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1985

Feb.
1985

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rata

18,935
12,291
11,345
946
7.7

19,206
12,715
11,781
934
7.3

19,228
12,705
11,784
921
7.3

18,935
12,396
11,434
962
7.8

19,137
12,635
11,734
901
7.1

19,161
12,815
11,886
930
7.3

19,182
12,803
11,950
853
6.7

19,206
12,818
11,928
890
6.9

19,228
12,817
11,877
940
7.3

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rata

8 , 5 47
4 , 9 55
..

8,721
5,239
4,933
307
5.9

8,7 36
5,225
4,904
321
6.1

8,547
5,052
4,731
321
6.4

8,676
5,170
4,868
302
5.8

8,691
5,311
4,981
330'
6.2

8,706
5,322
4,999
323
6.1

8,721
5,337
4,997
340
6.4

8,736
5,326
4,969
357
6.7

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force

8,604

8,639
5,583
5,131
452
8.1

8,641
5,650
5,123
526
9.3

8,604
5,575
5,038
537
9.6

8,631
5,673
5,173
500
8.8

8,634
5,681
5,166
516
9.1

8,636
5,611
5,115
496
8.8

8,639
5,625
5,190
435
7.7

8,641
5,684
5,151
533
9.4

4,551
J,037
2,895
142
4.7

4,554
3,047
2,934
113
3.7

4,507
3,079
2,915
164
5.3

4,540
3,061
2,930
131
4.3

4,544
3,037
2,933
105
3.4

4,547
3,095
2,980
115
3.7

4,551
3,070
2,941
129
4.2

4,554
3,085
2,962
123
4.0

11.0

6,802
4,399
3,941
459
10.4

6,806
4,350
3,902
448
10.3

6,750
4,373
3,897
476
10.9

6,790
4,384
3,918
466
10.6

6,794
4,396
3,913
484
11.0

6,798
4,393
3,990
403
9.2

6,802
4,455
4,041
414
9.3

6,806
4,376
3,9 30
446
10.2

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rata

5,827
3,920
3,662
258
6.6

5,881
3,842
3,588
254
6.6

5,885
3,851
3,622
229
5.9

5,827
3,916
3,651
265
6.8

5,868
3,794
3,575
219
5.8

5,873
3,818
3,583
234
6.1

5,877
3,869
3,627
242
6.3

5,881
3,864
3,633
231
6.0

5,885
3,843
3,606
237
6.2

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed

13,613
7,933
7,417
516
6.5

13,691
8,140
7,551
589
7.2

13,696
8,114
7,575
539
6.6

13,613
8,008
7,463
545
6.8

13,674
8,275
7,698
577
7.0

13,680
8,242
7,713
529
6.4

13,685
8,125
7,607
518
6.4

13,691
8,111
7,576
535
6.6

13,696
8,193
7,625
568
6.9

4,554
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

4,635
3,044
2,874
169
5.6

4,641
3,028
2,870
157
5.2

4,554
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

4,614
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

4,621
3,056
2,848
208
6.8

4,628
3,063
2,878
185
6.0

4,635
3,058
2,894
164
5.4

4,641
3,042
2,865
177
5.8

8,049
4,506
489
9.8

8,075
5,069
4,578
491
9.7

8,076
5,110
4,657
454
8.9

8,049
5,061
4,559
502
9.9

8,070
5,151
4,684
467
9.1

8,072
5,130
4,697
433
8.4

8,073
5,162
4,711
451
8.7

8,075
5,179
4,704
475
9.2

8,076
5,176
4,711
465
9.0

9,203
5,317
4,8 29
488
9.2

9,233
5,414
4,958
456
8.4

9,234
5,448
5,000
447
8.2

9,203
5,436
4,935
501
9.2

9,227
5,533
5,110
423
7.6

9,230
5,500
5,074
426
7.7

9,231
5,470
5,023
447
8.2

9,233
5,557
5,116
441
7.9

9,234
5,575
5,114
461
8.3

11,413
7,758
7,258
500
6.4

11,541
8,018
7,443
575
7.2

11,550
7,915
7,416
499
6.3

11,413
7,809
7,282
527
6.7

11,509
7,937
7,461
476
6.0

11,520
7,822
7,314
508
6.5

11,530
7,880
7,339
541
6.9

11,541
8,052
7,484
568
7.1

11,550
7,966
7,442
524
6.6

Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rata

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.

Civilian labor tore*
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rata

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population,

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rata

Unemployment rate

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population,
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rata

4,670
285
5.7

5,540
5,012
528
9.5

4,507
3,038
2,884

153
5.0

6,750
4,344
3,864
480

Onto
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population

Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployment rate

4,995

< These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used in the administration of Federal fund allocation programs.
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and the~seasonally adjusted columns.




•Official estimates for North Carolina prior to' 1985 are not derived from the
household survey. Consequently, seasonally adjusted data are not published.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonagricuitural payrolls by industry
(In thousands)

Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Total

Ape.
1984

Feb.
1985

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

93, 229

94,851

95,638

96,483 93,449

ipr.
1984

Da;.
1994

Jan.
1985

Feb,
1985

95,581

96,045

96,161

96,514
80,411

Mar. „
1985 "I

Total private

77/013

78, 500

79,199

80,071 77,546

79,518

79,971

80,073

Goods-producing ..

24,468

24,543

24,771

2 5 , 0 4 8 24,760

25,258

25,338

25,235

25,326

977
63 4.3

987
637.0

990
630.1

1,002
630.2

984
612

1,000
646

1,000
641

1,001
636

1,000
634

4,470
4,205
4,011
4,059
1,056.9 1,054.8 1 , 1 0 8 . 4 1 , 1 5 8 . 3

4,246
1 , 110

4,»57
1,159

4,530
1,186

4,492
1,171

4,606
1,206

Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Manufacturing
Production workers

19,432
13,368

19,545
13,329

19,576
13,356

19,576 19,530
13,369 13, 443

19,801
13,571

19,808
13,569

19,742
13,491

19,720
13,463

Durable goods
Production workers

11,533
7,794

11,692
7,823

11,718
7,848

11,718 11,551
7 , 8 5 0 7,799

11,834
7,969

11,844
7,965

11,797
7,902

11,778
7,880

700.6

679.1
49 5.9
530.3

717
495
612
859
318
1,502
2,253
2,281

715

708
497

1,993
904
732
390

614
860
319
1,498
2,248
2,282
2,010
912
731
389

709
500
613
848
315
1,488

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.
Leather and leather products

685.
496.
592.

688.2

852.
851.4
316.
313.3
1,433.4 1 , 4 8 2 .
456
193.8 2 , 2 4 3 . 3 2 , 2 4 5 .
20 5.8 2,264.2 2 , 2 5 6 .
1,939.2 1 , 9 9 6 .
906
877.
878.7
856
731.
729.6
717.2
379.
375.4
386.3

846.9
313.9
1,480.8
2,240.8
2,247.5
2,006.1
880.9
731.2
379.2

714
482
604
879
345
1 , 459
2 , 189
2,212
1,905
857
719
388

7,858
5,519

7,979
5,644

7,967
5,602

1,598.0 1,591.8
64. 1
65.3
717.5
710.8
1,174
1,166.1
679.4
678.3
1,398.5 1,400.9
1,063.6 1,065.7
180 4
178.7
809.5
807.0
183.3
182.5

1,648

1,658

67
766

69
727

1,226
680
1,348
1,057
189
79 0
208

1,186
684
1,386
1,068
184
814
191

728
1,185
684
1,390
1,065
184
812
187

71,435 68,689

70,423

48 2 . 2

597.6
886

349

7,899
5,574

7,853
5,506

1,583.8 1,596.8
58. 2
52.4
714.8
765.6
1,220.6 1,176.7
678.1
677.4
1,349.5 1,392.1
1 , 0 5 5 . 5 1,059.6
178.6
187.0
805.8
790.5
18 2.7
206.9

7,858
5,508

493.4
604.0

497

608
855
316
1,494
2,241

2,236

2,276

2,271

2,001
891
733
384

1,995
877
734
384

7,964
5,604

7,945
5,589

7,942
5,583

1,660

1,656
69
720
1,179
684
1,392
1,064
183
813
185

1,661
68
715
1,176
683
1,396
1,065
182
811
185

70,707

70,926

71,188

69

68,776

70,308

70,867

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communication and public utilities

5,094
2,836
2,258

5,204
2,939
2,265

5,196
2,935
2,261

5,236
2,976
2,260

5,129
2,862
2,267

5,249
2,974
2,275

5,266
2,984
2,282

5,281
3,002
2,279

5,255
2,983
2,272

Wholesale trade . . . .
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

5,449
3,209
2,240

5,621
3,325
2,296

5,655
3,344
2,311

5,689
3,369
2,320

5, 473
3,215
2,258

5,641
3,328
2,313

665
340
325

5,672
3,348
2,324

5,691
3,357
2,334

15,918
2,167.8
2,609.0
1,735.8
5,148.4

16,268
2,286.6
2,699.1
1,764.1
5,120.4

16,432
2,284.7
2,711.6
1,777.9
5,235.4

16,674 16,095
2,282.1 2,251
2,635
2,715-6
1 , 8 0 0 . 3 1,743
5 , 4 2 9 . 3 5 , 154

16,526
2,331
2,710
1,777
5,327

16,707
2,368
2,714
1,780
5,359

16,754
2,365
2,726
1,796
5,390

16,836
2,380
2,747
1,805
5,414

5,594
2,822
1,740
1,032

5,742
2,907
1,789
1,046

5,774
2,921
1,794
1,059

5, 640
2,851
1,742
1,047

5,749
2,886
1,785
1 ,078

5,764
2,900
1,786
1,078

5,796
2,919
1,793
1,084

5,825
2,936
1,796
1,093

20,490 21,122 21,371 2 1 , 6 1 3 20,449
3 , 8 8 0 . 6 4,157.3 4,224.9 4 , 2 6 0 . 1 3,912
6 , 0 4 3 . 6 6,137.5 6,159.0 6 , 1 7 8 . 0 6,062

21,395
4,151
6,115

21,231
4,193
6,140

21,335
4,225
6,162

21,478
4,268
6,178

16,412 15,903
2,807 2,771
3 , 8 3 2 3,69 3
9 , 7 7 3 9,439

16,063
2,809
3,711
9,543

16,074
2,807
3,713
9,554

16,088
2,805
3,721
9,562

16,103
2,811
3,728
9,564

Service-producing.

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations.
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate
Services
Business services.
Health services . . .
Government.
Federal...
State
Local
p = preliminary.




16,216
2,765
3,785
9,666

16,351
2,788
3,810
9,753

16,439
2,797
3,829
9,813

5,811
2,927
1,798
1,086

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Avsrag* weekly hours of production or nonsuparvlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by Industry
Not seaeonally adjusted

wVSBORWiy eMJtMtoO

Industry

ipr.
1984
Total private

35.3

Feb.
1935

Bar.
1985

34.7

p

35.0

Apr..
1985

lpr.
pi 1984

34.9

35.4

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1985

Feb.
1985

Bar.
1985

Apr.
1985
35.1

35.3

35.2

35.0

35.2

(2)

(2)

(2)

(21

Mining

43.0

43.2

43.6

43.5

(2)

(2)

Conetnictton

37.5

36.6

37.6

37.7

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(21

Manufacturing

40.9
3.4

39.7
3.1

40.4
3.1

40.1
3.0

41.1
3.7

40.7
3.4

40.6
3.3

40.0
3.3

40.4
3.3

40.3
3.4

41.6
3.6

43.3
3.4

41.2
3.4

40.8
3.2

41.8
4.0

41.4
3.6

41.4
3.6

40.6
3.6

41.1
3.5

41.0
3.5

40.2
39.5
42.2
42.4

39.
39.
41.
41.
40.
41.
41.7
40.7
42.6
43.4
39.2

39.3
38.8
42.0
41.3
41.3
41.0
41.0
40.0
42.fr
43.8
40.6
38.8

40.4
39.7
42.3
42.2
41.0
41.8
42.3
41.3
43.5
44.8
41.4.
(2)

40.0
39.6
41.7
41.2
39.7
41.4

41. 1
39.5

38.3
38.6
40.4
40.8
40.6
40.4
41.3
40.0
41.5
41.9
40.6
38.5

(2)

40.0
40.5
41.6
41.0
39.7
41.4
41.7
40.8
43.3
44,. 6
41.2
(2)

38.8
39.4
41.4
40.8
40.6
40.6
41.0
40.1
41.7
42.2
40.6
(2)

39.5
39.4
42.1
41.1
•40. 8
41.2
41.6
40.7
42.4
43.4
41.0
(2)

39.5
39.0
42.1
41.1
40.5
41.3
41.2
40.3
42.7
43.7
40.9
(2)

39.8
3.1

38.8
2.8

39.3
2.8

39.0
2.8

40.2
3.4

39.6
3.1

39.5
2.9

39.2
2.9

39.5
3.0

39.4
3.1

39.5
39.5
40.5
36.8
43.0
38.0
42.0
43.9
42. 1
37.0

39.3
37.4
38.6
35-5
42.5
37.3
41.8
42.5
40.5
35.8

39.3
37.6
38.9
36.1
42.8
37.7
42.1
42.6
41.1
36.3

39.1
34.5
38.6
35.3
42.7
37.4
41.9
44.2
40.9
36.6

40. 1
(2,
41.2
37.4
4 3.2
38.2
42.0
43.7
(2)
37.5

40.1
(21
39.
36.
43.1
37.7
41.9
42.9
(2)
36.9

39.8
(2)
39.3
36.2
43.1
37.9
42.0
43.4
(2)
37.0

39.6
(21
38.8
35.7
42.8
37.6
41.9
43,5
(2)
36.2

39.8
(2)
39.1
36.2
43.1
37.6
42.2
43.6
(2)
36.9

39.7
(2)
39.3
35.9
42.9
37.6
41.9
44.0
(2)
37.1

Overtime hours
Durable goods

Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products

Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

41.1

Transportation and public utilities

39.3

39.1

39.3

39.2

39.5

33.2

39.2

39.4

39.5

39.4

Wholesale trade

38.5

38.2

38.5

38.5

38.7

38.6

38.6

38.5

38.7

38.7

Retail trade

29.8

29.1

29.4

29.4

30.0

33.1

29.8

29.7

29.8

29.6

Finance, Insurance, and real estate

36.5

36.4

36.4

36.5

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(21

32.7

32.5

32.6

32.6

32.8

32.8

32.7

32.7

32.8

32.7

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction
workers in construction; and to nonsupervlsory workers In transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, Insurance, and real estate; and services.
These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private
nonagrlcultural payrolls.




.. * This serfes is not published seasonally adjuated since the seasonal component la
, small relative to the trend-cycle and/or Irregular components and oonsequently cannot
be separated with sufficient precision.
' p * preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsuporvlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural
payrolls by Industry
Awns* wMkly earnings

Total private
S*a$on»lly *dju$tod

Construction

Apr.
1985 P

$8.29
B.31

$8.53
8.51

18.52
8.53

$8.55
8.57

11.62

11.83

11.81

.11.73

499.66

511.06

514.92

11.95

12.26

12. 17

12.18

448.13

448.72

457.59

459.19

9.11

9.42

9.43

9.48

372.60

373.97

380.97

380.15

9.67

9.97
8.05
7.03
9.72
11.65
13.42
9.56
10.13
9.28
12.59
13.29
9.07
7.15

9.98
8.02

10.01
8.00
7.10
9.79
11.62
13.34
9.64
10 ,18
9 .33
12.59
13.33
9 .07
7 .13

402.27
317.19
267.02
401.32
488.02
549.73
387.61
417.21
364.49
523.43
563.94
353.80
275.32

401.79
308.32
271.36
392.69
475.32
544.85
386.22
415.33
371.20
522.49
556.85
368.24
275.2.8

411.18
315.19
277.46
404.35
479.91
540.09
395.52
423.67
380.14
535.06
574.18
371.96
280.28

408.41
314.40
275. 48
411.18
479.91
550.94
395.24
417.38
373.20
536. 33
583.85
368.24
276.64

329.94
332.99
451.49
260.42
202.03
442.47
353.02
460.74
590.02
347.33
210.16

333.68
333.06
434.96
254.76
201.29
453.90
357.71
477.36
595.43
343.04
207.29

338.37
336.41
444.81
258.30
205.77
456.68
361.92
479.94
592.14
347.30
210.90

338.52
337.04
404.00
257.85
202. 27
459.45
358.07
481.85
62 3.'22
348.06
213.01

435.05

442.22

443.30

4 4 3 . 35

11.62
13.27
9.60
10.16
9.34
12.56
13.23
9.05
7.15

10.29
9.29
10.97
13.44
8.25
5.-68

8.60
8.54
11.63
6.60
5.67
10.68
9.59
11.42
14.01
8.47
5.79

10.67
9.60
11.40
13.90
8.45
5.81

8.68
8.62
11.71
6.68
5.73
10.76
9.59
11.50
14.10
8.51
5.82

11.07

11.31

11.28

11.31

8.29
9.43

Transportation and public utilities

Apr.
1985

Mar.
1985 P|

Mar.
1985 P

11.51
13. 12
9.34
9.91
8.89
12.06
12.56
8.73
6.97

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred producta
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile producta
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicala and allied producta
Petroleum and coal prr -lucts
Rubber and mlacellansuua plastics products
Leather and leather products

Feb.
1985

Feb.
1985

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood producta . . . ,
Furniture and fixture*
Stona, clay, and glaaa products
Primary matal Industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products..
Fabricated metal producta
' Machinery, except electrical
- Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related producta
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Apr.
1984

Apr.
1934

8.61
8.56
11.83

$292.64 $295.99 $ 2 9 8 . 2 0 $298.40
300.81
294.17
297.85 3 0 0 . 2 6
510.26

Wholesale trade

8.89

9.21

9.19

9.22

342.27

351.82

353.82

354. 97

Retail trade

5.90

6.01

6.00

6.00

175.82

174.89

176.40

176.40

7.62

7.87

7.87

7.91

279.13

286.47

286.47

288.72

7.85

7.84

7.85

243.52

255.13

255.58

255.91

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

,

7.60

See footnote 1, table B-2.

p • preliminary.

Table B-4. Hourly Earnings Index for production or noneupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by industry
(1977 m 1QQ)

Wot eooeonalry ad|ueted

Seasonally adjusted

Pareant
Industry

Total private nonfarm:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
Mining
Construction
Transportation and pubfteutMMIee .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, Insurance, and
real eetate
Jcrvlcos

Apr.
1984

Feb.
1985

Mar.
1985p

Apr.
1985p

159.8
95.4
172.9
145.5
161.6
160.9
164.6
154.2

164.1
94.9
178.2
148.9
166.7
164.9
170.0
156.2

164.1
94.5
177.1
148.1
167.0
164.3
169.7
156.2

164.4
N.A.
177.2
147.8
167.7
164.4
169.7
156.4

165.8
162.3

170.2
167.0

170.3
167.0

170.7
167.3

CtMnQO
ffMR!
Apr.
1984Apr.
1985

Percent
ehang*
from:
Apr.
1984

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1985

Feb.
1985

Mar.
1985p

Apr.
1985p

Mar.
1985Apr .
1985

2.9
(2)
2.5
1.6
3.8
2.2
3.1
1.5

159.9
95.3
(4)
146.6
161.6
161.3
(4)
153.7

163.1
94.7
(4)
147.5
165.1
164.3
(4)
155.4

162.8
94.4
(4)
148.0
165.9
163.4
(4)
154.8

163.8
94.6
(4)
149.6
166.6
164.4
(4)
155.8

164.2
94.4
(4)
149.1
167.1'
164.9
(4)
156.1

164.4
N.A.
(4)
149.0
167.7
164.8
(4)
156.0

0.1
(3)
(4)
-. 1
.3
-.1
(4)
-. 1

2.9
3.1

(4)
162.3

(4)
166.6

(4)
164.8

(4)
166.0

(4)
167.0

(4)
167.3

(4)
. 2

See footnote 1, table B-2.
Percent change is -0.7 percent from March 1984 to March 1985, the latest month available.
Percent change is -0.2 percent from February 1985 to March 1985, the latest month available.
These series are not seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or
irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

N.A. - not available,
p " preliminary.
http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/
2
3
4

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
1

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or honsupervlsory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by industry
(1977 »100)
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Total
Goods-producing

Apr.
1984

Feb.
1985

Mar
1985 p

Apr.
1985

Apr.
1984

110.6

110.5

112.6

113.8

112.0

98.0

94.9

97.7

98.6

Dec.
1984

Jan.
1985

Feb.
1985

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

114.6

114.6

114.2

115.3

115.3

100.9

101.2

99.4

100.8

100.8

Mining

111.7

113.0

114.4

115.8

114.7

116.5

113.5

115.5

Construction

106.0

100.9

110.1

118.5

112.6

118.7

121.5

120.2

124.8

126.0

96.7

94.6

95.5

95.1

95.8

92.8

94.6

93.9

97.0

96.8

Durable good*
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ..
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

95.3
96.2
02.5
87.8
75.2
64
90
95
12

"92.6
88.2
102.8

94.8
91.4
104.2
85.4
70.3
56.3
92.0
96.6
111.8
98.9
91.3
108.9
82.5

94
91
102
88
69
56
91
94
109.0
99.4
92.6
107.6
82.0

95.8
98.6
103.1
89.2
74.1
62.3
91.5
95.2
113.6
96.8
91.8
109.3
86.5

96.9
97.8
105.5
89.1
70.7
55.3
93.8
97.4
114.9
99.9
97.0
111.2
86.2

96.8
97.8
108.1
89.1
70
55
93
96
114
101
98.8
109.3
84.9

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

96.6
92.2
84.1
84.0
94.9
98.7
116.3
96.2
85.8
113.6
79.6

93.1
92.2
89.
74,
87,
. 97.
117,
95,
80,
110,
66.

94,
'93
84,
74,
89,
98,
119,
96.
81,
112,

67.8

93
92
75
75
86
98
119
96.1
87.2
112.7
68.6

98.8
98
93
85
96
99
116
96
86
113.8
81.4

96.6
99.6
93.0
76.8
90.9
99
118
95.8
83.4
114.
72.

96.5
99.1
92.8
77.3
90.2
100.1
119.1
95.9
85 ,1
114 ,4
71.1

117.6

119.2

120.9

122.3

118.6

122.1

Transportation and public utilities

102.9

104.7

105.1

106.0

104.4

Wholesale trade

112.0

115.1

116.6

117.3

113.3

Retail trade

108.2

107.6

109.7

111.4

Finance, insurance, and real estate

122.6

124.8

125.7

126.7

Services

131.4

134.3

136.3

137.8

Manufacturing

Service-producing

1

90.1
94.9
110.2
95.7
88.1
107.1
80.1

See footnote 1, table B-2.

94,
93,
104,
87.
69.
55,
91.
94.

118.8

96.5
90.8
107. 7
82. 9

95
95
105
89
69
55
92
95
112.1
97.6
91.3
109.1
83.7

94.6
94.1
103. 1
89.8
68.7
55.0
92.4
94.6
109.8
99.4
92.2
108.5
82.9

95.3
98.4
94.0
75.1
88.5
99.4
118.6
95.7
85.3
112.1
69.1

96.0
99.3
91.2
75.3
89.4
100.1
118.8
96.3
85.5
113.1
70.0

95.8
98.8
84.8
76.6
88.3
99.3
119.5
96.1
87.8
112.9
69.9

122.1

122.4

123.3

123.3

106.1

106.2

107.1

107.0

107.3

116.8

117.4

117.2

118.3

118.8

110.3

114.1

113.4

113.4

114.1

113.5

123.1

126.6

126.0

126.0

126.8

127.5

131.4

135.4

135.7

136.5

137.8

137.9

p = preliminary.

Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 Increased
Time
span

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Over
1-month
span

54.3
71.1
58.4

46.5
73.2
47.3

60.8
67.0
p54.6

68.9
63.8
p51.9

69.5
64.1

64.6
63.0

74.3
62.4

68.6
57.6

69.5
40.8

75 4
65.7

69.7
51.9

73.8
63.5

Over
3-month
span

46.8
82.4
57.6

57.3
80.5
p51.6

64.1
76.5
p48.1

75.1
71.1

75.7
68.4

77.8
68.9

74.1
63.5

81.6
58.1

80.8
58.6

78.9
53.5

79.5
64.9

77.6
61.9

Over
6-month
span

50.8
81.9
p53.2

63.0
82.7

69.2
79.7

75.1
75.4

80.0
69.2

82.4
63.2

84.1
62.4

82.4
62.7

84.6
63.5

85.9
60.5

86.8
55.1

83.8
p59.7

49.5
86.5

54.3
81.9

61.9
78.9

71.1
76.8

77.3
74.3

79.5
73.8

83.8
71.1

88.1
63.2

86.8
p64.1

87.3
p60.3

85.4

87.3

Year

Over
12-month
span

Number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,3, and 6 month spans, on payrolls
of 185 private nonagricultural industries,
p = preliminary.




NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.) Data are centered within the spans.

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington, D.C. 20212
Official Business
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