Full text of The Employment Situation : April 1974

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V
H^fa.

m
Washington, D. C. 20212
Contact: J. B r e g g e r (202)

K. Hoyle (202)
home:

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U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
mm

OF urn STATISTICS

USDL - 74-221
FOR RELEASE: T r a n s m i s s i o n Embargo
10:00 A. M. (EDT)
Friday, May 3, 1974

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: APRIL 1974
Employment and unemployment showed little movement from March to April,
but unemployment was lower than in January and February, it was announced today by
the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U. S. Department of Labpr.

The Nation 1 s unem-

ployment rate w a s 5. 0 percent in April; it had been 5. 2 percent in both January and
F e b r u a r y and 5. 1 percent in March,
Total employment (as m e a s u r e d by the monthly sample survey of households) ,
at 85. 8 m i l l i o n in April, was e s s e n t i a l l y unchanged from March,
.employment has been at about this l e v e l since October 1973.

Moreover, total

Nonagricultural payroll

jobs (as m e a s u r e d by the monthly survey of b u s i n e s s establishments) r o s e slightly in
A p r i l and have shown little growth since l a s t fall.

Unemployment
The number of unemployed persons and the unemployment rate showed little
change f r o m March to April,

(See table A - l . )

f r o m the l e v e l s of the f i r s t 2 months of the year.

However, both have receded slightly
At 4. 5 million, seasonally adjusted,

the l e v e l of unemployment was about 200, 000 lower in April than in January and
February, although still 430, 000 higher than in October 1973 when j o b l e s s n e s s reached
a 3-1/2 y e a r low.

The unemployment rate, at 5. 0 percent, was not m a t e r i a l l y different

f r o m the 5, L-percent rate of March but was lower than the 5, 2-percent r a t e s recorded
in both January and February,

The April figure w a s equal to the y e a r - a g o rate.

The unemployment rate for t e e n a g e r s declined from 15. 0 p e r c e n t in March to
13, 8 percent in April.

This d e c r e a s e , which was concentrated among 16 and 17 y e a r -

olds, r e s u l t e d f r o m the net exit f r o m the labor force of a relatively large number of
youth.

This development was a l s o reflected by a drop in the number of unemployed

seeking their f i r s t job (table A-5) .
Among adult w o r k e r s , there w a s little change in unemployment in April (table
A-2) .

However, *at 3, 6 percent, the unemployment rate for adult men (20 y e a r s and

over) has i n c r e a s e d substantially f r o m its l e v e l in the l a s t few months of 1973




(3. 0 percent) .

The r a t e for adult w o m e n - 4 . 9 p e r c e n t in A p r i l - - h a s shown r e l a t i v e l y

l i t t l e m o v e m e n t since the end of the y e a r .
P r o b a b l y a s a r e f l e c t i o n of the l a b o r force developments among t e e n a g e r s , the
u n e m p l o y m e n t r a t e for p a r t - t i m e w o r k e r s declined f r o m 8.1 to 7. 3 p e r c e n t f r o m
M a r c h to A p r i l , while the r a t e for f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s held steady.at 4. 6 p e r c e n t .

Also

p r a c t i c a l l y unchanged in A p r i l w e r e the j o b l e s s r a t e s for household h e a d s and m a r r i e d
m e n , both of which had r i s e n s u b s t a n t i a l l y since l a s t fall.
Tabid A. Highlights of the employment situation (seasonally adjusted data)
Quarterly averages
Selected categories
I

1

87.6
83.2
47.5
28.6
7.1
4.4

Civilian labor force
Total employment
Adult women
Teenagers
Unemployment

1973
II |
88.5
84.1
47.7
29.2'
7.2
4.3

[

Monthly data

1 1974

III
89.0
84.8
48.1
29.5
7.2
4.2

I

Feb.
1 1974
I
(Millions of persons)

Mar.
1974

Apr.
1974

1 90.6
85.8
48.5
29.7
7.6
4.8

90.5
.85.9
48.4
29.9
7.6
4.6

90.3
85.8
48.3
30.1
7.4
4.5

5.2
3.5
5.1
15.3
4.7
•9.2
3.0
2.4
4.7
|
3.2

5.1
3.4
5.0
15.0
4.6
9.4
3.0
2.4
4.6
3.3

5.0
3.6
4.9
13.8
4.5
8.7
3.1
2.5
4.6
3.3

9.6

9.4

9.8

76.8p
24.2p
52.6p

76.9p
24.2p
52.7p

36.8p
40.4p
3.6p

36.6p
39.5p
2.8p

iv

89.9
85.7
48.5
29.7
7.5
4.2

90.5
85.8
48.5
29.7
7.6
4.7

1

(Percent of labor force)
Unemployment rates:
All workers
Adult men
Adult women
Teenagers
White
Negro and other races
Household heads
Full-time workers
State insured

!
I

•

5.0
3.4 I
5.0 i
14.7
4.5
9.0
3i0
2.4
4.6
2.8

4.9
3.3
4.8
14.7
4.4
9.0
2.9
2.3
4.3
2.7

4.7
3.1
4.8
14.3
4.2
•
9.0
2.7
2.1
4.2
.
2.7

4.7
3.0
4.7
14.3
4.2
8.6
2.8
2.1
4.3
2.7

5.2
3;5
5.1
15.3
4.7
9.4
3.0
2.4
4.6
3.2

(Weeks)
Average duration of

Goods-producing industries
Service-producing industries

10.6

9.9

9.7

74.6
23.7
50.9

75.3
24.0
51.3

75.7
24.2
51.6

9.9
9.5 1
(Millions of persons)
76.6
24.4
52.1

76.8
76.7p
24.3p
24.3
5 2 . 4 p | 1 52.5

(Hours of work)
Average weekly hours:
37.1
40.7 |
3.8 ]

37.2
40.7
3.9

37.1
40.7
3.8

37.0
40.6
3.7

36.8p
37.0
40.4p
40.5
3 . 6 p | 1 3.5

(1967-100)
Hourly Earnings Index, private
nonfarm:
142.7
110.8
p- preliminary.
N.A.- not available.




145.0
110.3

147.8
110.0

150.4

152.5p

152.5

109.3 J 107.8p J| 1 0 7 . 6

153.5p 154.6p
NA
107.2p |

SOURCE: Tables A-1, A-3, A-4, 8-1, B-2, and B-4.

•

-3-

The unemployment rate for Vietnam-era veterans 20 to 34 y e a r s old, at 5. 1
percent, was about the same in April as in the previous 3 months and a year ago.
Their rate had been close to 4 percent in the last quarter of 1973.

The jobless rate

for the declining number of veterans 20 to 24 y e a r s old was 9. 2 percent in April, well
above that of older veterans 25 to 29 (4. 5 percent) and 30 to 34 (2. 8 percent) .
a l s o higher than that for nonveterans 20 to 2 4 - - 7 . 6 percent.

It was

Unemployment among

younger veterans has remained high largely because most of them have only recently
entered the labor market and consequently lack the seniority and experience gained by
many of their nonveteran p e e r s .

This difference in the incidence of unemployment

between veterans and nonveterans disappears for the older age groups.

(See table A - 2 ) #

The unemployment rate for Negro workers, which had been essentially unchanged since January, edged down from 9. 4 to 8. 7 percent in April, returning to
about its average level for 1973.

The rate for white workers, at 4. 5 percent, was not

significantly changed over the month.
Among the major occupational and industry groups, the jobless situation was
little changed in April.

The only exceptions were i n c r e a s e s in unemployment among

nonfarm l a b o r e r s (from 9. 0 to 10. 4 percent) and construction workers (from 8. 4 to
10. 3 percent) • Since last fall, there has been a substantial increase in the unemployment rate for blue-collar workers, while the rates for white-collar and service
w o r k e r s have shown relatively little change.
The unemployment rate for workers covered by State unemployment insurance
p r o g r a m s held at 3. 3 percent in April, following consecutive monthly i n c r e a s e s during
the D e c e m b e r - M a r c h period.
The average (mean) duration of unemployment rose slightly--from 9. 4 to 9. 8
w e e k s - - a n d w a s about equal to its y e a r - a g o level (table A-4) .
Civilian Labor F o r c e and Total Employment
The civilian labor force w a s 90. 3 million in April (seasonally adjusted) , not
significantly changed from March.

(See table A - l . )

The labor force has not shown

any growth since January, as reduced labor market participation among adult men
and t e e n a g e r s has completely offset the continued expansion among adult women.

The

number of teenagers in the labor force exhibited a particularly sharp drop from March
to April.
Total employment in April, at 85. 8 million seasonally adjusted, was also
b a s i c a l l y unchanged from March.

After rising rapidly during the previous 2 y e a r s ,

total employment has, in effect, shown v e r y little growth since last October.




This is

-4-

attributable to employment weakness among adult m e n and teenagers, which, in turn,
r e f l e c t s a stagnation in the growth of jobs in the blue-collar and s e r v i c e occupations,
(See table A - 3 . )
The number of p e r s o n s working part time for economic reasons (those working
part time but wanting full-time jobs) d e c r e a s e d 150, 000 in April to 2. 4 million, the
second straight monthly decline.
Industry Payroll Employment
Nonfarm payroll employment i n c r e a s e d slightly in April to 76. 9 million,
s e a s o n a l l y adjusted, following a month of little change (as revised) .

April gains took

p l a c e in the service-producing industries, but there w a s also a rebound in manufacturing employment stemming l a r g e l y from r e c a l l s of auto workers.

(See table B - l . )

Employment in the goods-producing sector was e s s e n t i a l l y unchanged in April,
after declining by 90, 000 (as revised) in the previous month.

Goods-producing e m -

ployment has fallen by 240, 000 jobs since December 1973.
The April job situation in the goods industries was marked by offsetting m o v e ments.

In manufacturing, employment r e g i s t e r e d its first i n c r e a s e in 5 months,

advancing by 75, 000 ( s e a s o n a l l y adjusted) , all of it in the durable goods industries.
The i n c r e a s e resulted mainly f r o m a turn-around in the transportation equipment
industry, where 60, 000 w o r k e r s w e r e added to payrolls.
h e a v y employment l o s s e s .

This followed 3 months of

In contrast to the improvement in the manufacturing p i c -

ture, there w a s a decline of 70, 000 jobs in contract construction.
The i n c r e a s e in employment in the service-producing industries was concentrated in State and local government, s e r v i c e s , and retail trade.

Employment in this

s e c t o r h a s r i s e n by m o r e than half a million since l a s t December; State and local
government accounted for 200, 000 of this advance.
Hours of Work
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory w o r k e r s on private nonf a r m p a y r o l l s declined by 0. 2 hour in April to 36. 6 hours (after seasonal adjustment) .
The workweek curtailment was paced by an 0. 9-hour d e c r e a s e in manufacturing, with
cutbacks w i d e s p r e a d in both durable and nondurable goods s e c t o r s .
in manufacturing was a l s o off--by 0. 8 hour.

Average overtime

These declines probably resulted in

l a r g e part f r o m a normal reduction of work schedules in the Friday and Saturday p r e ceding E a s t e r (the week before E a s t e r was the reference week for the April survey) .
A s a result, c o m p a r i s o n s with previous periods are difficult to interpret; prior to
April, the factory workweek had declined gradually f r o m highs reached in e a r l y 1973.




-5Hourlv and Weekly Earnings
A v e r a g e hourly earnings of production w o r k e r s on private nonfarm p a y r o l l s
r o s e at a s e a s o n a l l y adjusted rate of 0. 2 percent in April,
hourly earnings have advanced by 6. 3 percent.

Since April a y e a r a g o ,

Average weekly earnings fell by 0. 3

p e r c e n t in April, due e n t i r e l y to the reduced workweek.

Since April 1973, w e e k l y

e a r n i n g s have i n c r e a s e d by 4. 5 p e r c e n t .
Before adjustment for seasonality,
April to $ 4 . 07.
by 24 c e n t s .

(See table B - 3 . )

average hourly earnings r o s e by 1 cent in

Since April 1973, hourly earnings have i n c r e a s e d

Weekly earnings a v e r a g e d $147. 74 in April, a d e c r e a s e of 86 cents f r o m

M a r c h but up $ 6 . 41 since April 1973.

The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly E a r n i n g s I n d e x - - e a r n i n g s adjusted for o v e r t i m e in manufacturing,
seasonality,

a n d the e f f e c t s of c h a n g e s i n t h e p r o p o r t i o n of w o r k e r s i n h i g h - w a g e a n d

l o w - w a g e i n d u s t r i e s - - w a s 154. 6 (1967 =100) i n A p r i l ,
(See table B - 4 . )

0. 7 p e r c e n t h i g h e r t h a n i n M a r c h .

The Index w a s 7 . 1 p e r c e n t above April a year ago.

All industries

r e c o r d e d g a i n s o v e r t h e p a s t 12 m o n t h s , r a n g i n g f r o m 5. 4 p e r c e n t i n f i n a n c e ,
a n d r e a l e s t a t e t o 9. 2 p e r c e n t i n m i n i n g .

insurance,

D u r i n g the 1 2 - m o n t h p e r i o d e n d e d i n M a r c h ,

t h e H o u r l y E a r n i n g s I n d e x i n d o l l a r s of c o n s t a n t p u r c h a s i n g p o w e r d e c l i n e d 2 . 9 p e r c e n t .




This release presents and analyzes statistics from two major surveys. Data on
labor force, total employment, and unemployment are derived from the sample survey of households conducted and tabulated by the Bureau of the Census for the
Bureau of Labor Statistics. Statistics on payroll employment, hours, and earnings
are collected by State agencies from payroll records of employers and are tabulated
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A description of the two surveys appears in the
BLS publication Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A - 1 . Employment status of the noninstitutional population
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment itatu*

Apr.
1973

Mar*
1974

Apr,
1974

Apr.
1973

Dec.
1973

Feb.
1974

Jan*
1974

Mar.
1974

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population1 . . . "
Total labor force
...*,.
Civilian noninstitutional population1
*
Civilian labor force .'
•
Employed
Agriculture
Nonaghcultural industries
Unemployed . . . . - . . . ' .
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

147,729 150,066
89,823
91,884
145,380 1 4 7 , 8 1 6
89,633
87,473
84,878
83,299
3,334
3,295
81,544
80,004
4,755
4,174
5.3
4.8"
58,183
57,906

150,283
91,736
148,040
89,493
65,192
3,437
81,756
4,301
4.8
58,547

147,729
90,622
145,380
88,272
83,854
3,356
80,498
• 4,418
5.0
57,108

149,436
92,315
147,155
90,033
85,669
3,643
82,026
4,364
4.8
57,121

149,656
92,801
147,398
90,543
85,811
3,794
82,017
4,732
5.2
56,855

149,857
92,814
147,599
90,556
85,803
3,852
81,951
4,753
5.2
57,043

150,066
92,747
147,816
90,496
85,863
3,699
82,164
4,633
5*1
57,320

62,623
51,111
60,699
49,186
47,487
2,488
44,999
1,699
3.5
11,512

63,622
51,752
61,601
49,931
47,962
2,503
45,459
1,969
3.9
11,870

63,712
51,738
61,897
49,924
48,104
2,508
45,596
1,820
3.6
11,973

62,623
51,254
60,699
49,329
47,655
2,472
45,183
1,674
3.4
11,370

63,355
51,931
61,510
50,085
48,559
2,569
45,990
1,526
3.0
11,424

63,455
52,197
61,628
50,371
48,660
2,687
45,973
1,711
3.4
11,258

63,536
52,139
61,709
50,312
48,529
2,708
45,821
1,783
3.5
11,397

63,622
51,912
61,801
50,091

48,379 J
2,646 I

68,997
30,513
29,146
502
28,644
1,367
4.5
38,484

70,035
31,650
30,089
493
29,596
1,561
4.9
38,385

70,139
31,611
30,159
494
29,666
1,452
4.6
38,528

68,997
30,500
29,036
547
28,489
1,464
4.8
38,497

69,781
31,169
29,596
595
29,001
1,573
5.0
38,612

69,640
31,133
29,519
628
28,891
1,614
5.2
38,707

69,937
31,329
29,722
641
29,081
1,607
5.1
38,608

70,035
31,496
29,916
613
29,303
1,582
5.0
38,537

.

15,684
7,774
6,666
305
6,361
1,108
14.2
7,910

15,981
8,052
6,826
338
6,488
1,226
15.2
7,928

16,004
7,958
6,929
435
6,494
1,029
12.9
8,046

15,684
8,443
7,163
337
6,826
1,280
15.2
7,241

15,864
8,779
7,514
479
7,035
1,265
14.4
7,085

15,°30
9,039
7,632
479
7,153
1,407
15.6
6,891

15,952
8,915
7,552
503
7,049
1,363
15.3
7,037

15,981
8,907
7,568
440
7,128
1,339
15.0
7,074

Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
..»...*•.»..*.
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

128,796
77,615
74,298
3,316
4.3
51,181

130,739
79,483
75,675
3,808
4,8
51,256

130,922
79,415
75,950
3,465
4.4
51,507

128,796
78,281
74,792
3,489
4.5
50,515

130,197
79,704
76,223
3,481
4.4
50,493

130,393
80,089
76,328
3,761
4.7
50,304

130,555
80,122
76,354
3,768
4.7
50,433

130,739
80,163
76,498
3,665
4.6
50,576

16,584
9,859
9,001
858
8.7
6,725

17,077
10,150
9,203
948
9.3
6,927

17,118
10,078
9,242
835
8.3
7,041

16,584
9,958
9,046
912
9.2
6,626

16,958
10,300
9,412
888
8.6
6,658

17,005
10,499
9,513
986
9.4
6,506

17,044
10,340
9,390
950
9.2
6,704

17,077
10,^89
9,323
966
9.4
6,786

Male*, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population1 . . . . . . . . .
Total labor force
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
.
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
•

45,733
1,712
3.4 I
11,710

Females, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force . . . *

.......

Both sexes, 16-19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1

Civilian labor forte
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
WHITE

NEGRO AND OTHER RACES
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
.
Unemployed
Unemployment rat*
Not in labor force

1

Seasonal variations are not present in the population figures; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Data relate to the noninstitutional population 16 years of age and over. Total noninstitutional population and total labor force indude persons in the Armed Forces.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A - 2 . Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons

(In thousands)
Apr.
Apr.
1973
1974

Selected categories

Total, 16 years and over
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over . . , . , . ,
Both sexes, 16-19 years

.

,

White, total
. ,7
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Negro and other races, total
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16*19 years

..............

Household heads . . . . . . .
Married men, spouse present
.
Full'time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over' . . . . .
State insured-2
.
Labor force time lost3

•
.

Unemployment rates

Apr*
1973

Dec*
1973

Jan*
1974

Feb.
1974

Mar.
1974

Apr*
1974

4,418
1,674
1,464
1,280

4,538
1,793
1,555
1,190

5.0
3*4
4*8
15.2

4.8
3.0
5.0
14.4

5.2
3.4
5.2
15.6

5,2
3.5
5.1
15.3

5.1
3.4
5.0
15,0

5.0
3.6
4.9
13.8

3,489
1,364
1,143
982

3,636
1,460
1,257
919

4,5
3.1
4*3
13.1

4.4
2.9
4.4
12.8

4,7
3.1
4.7
13.7

4*7
3,2
4.7
13.3.

4.6
3.0
4.7
12.8

4.5
3.2
4.6
11.9

912
310
301
301

883
333
280
270

9.2
6.2
7.5
32.5

8.6
4.9
8.7
28.7

9.4
5.8
9.1
29*1

9.2
6.6
7.9
29.2

9.4
6.8
7.0
33.8

8.7
6.5
6.8
30.3

1,519
963
3,363
1,040
787
1,572

1,612
981
3,592
942
857
2,142

3.0
2.4

2.8
2.2
4.4
7.5
.8
2.7
5.4

3.0
2.3
4.7
8,2
.8
3.0
5.7

3.0
2.4
4l7
8.4
.9
3.2
5.7

3.0
2.4
4.6
8.1
.9
3.3
5.6

1,262
258
131
222
651
1,703
444
849
410
709
95

1,218
282
147
186
603
2,021
470
1,060
491
688
86

3.1
2.2
1.5
3.9
4.3
5.4
3.8
5.6
8.7
6.0
3.1

3.1
2.3
1.4
4.5
4.3
5.3
3.2
5.8
8.3
6.2
2.4

3.2
2.5
1.7
4.0
4.5
6.0
3.8
7.0
8.4
5.5
1.9

3,2
2.0
1.8
4.2
4.5
6.1
3.9
6.8
9.3
6,1
2.1

2.8
1.9
1.5
3.8
4.0
6.1
3.6
7.2
9.0
6.1
2.8

2.8
2.2
1.6
3.3
3.9
6.4
3.9
7.1
10.4
5.8
2.7

3,162
418
927
479
448
126
892
780
463
106

3,442
466
1,080
637
443
149
948
776
421
116

4.9
9.3
4.4
3.8
5,1
2.7
5.7
4.4
3.3
8.0

5.0
8.2
4.3
3.9
4.9
3.1
6.1
4.6
2.5
6.4

5.3
9.1
5.1

6.3

5,4
7.9
5.3
5.1
5.7
3*1
6.0
4.9
2.8
6.7

5.1
8.4
5.2
5.0
5.5
3.8
5.8
4.4
2,8
7.8

5.3
10.3
5.0
5.0
5.1
3.0
5.9
4.3
2.9
8.2

288
143
119
26

292
113
144
35

5.5
9.0
4.3
2.8

4.3
7.5
3.4
2.8

5.2
10.6
3.6
3.1

5.0
10.0
3.8
2.7

5.1
9.0
4.3
2.8

5.1
9.2
4.5
2.8

645
407
146
92

775
455
184
136

5.1
7.5
3.8
2.7

4.7
6.6
4.0
2.1

5.2
7.2
4.0
3.2

5.5
7.8
4.3
3.2

5.8
7.6
4.9
3.7

OCCUPATION*
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives
*
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
INDUSTRY*
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers*
Construction
. ••
Manufacturing . . . .
•
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
•
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
VETERAN STATUS
Males, Vietnam-era veterans*:
20 to 34 years
20 to 24 years

25 to 29 yean
30 to 34 years
Males, nonveterans:
20 to 34 yean
20 to 24 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years

.
•-

.

Unemployment rate calculated as a percent of civilian labor force.
Insured unemployment under State programs; unemployment rate calculated as a percent of average covered employment.
Man-noun lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force man-houn.
Unemployment by occupation includes all experienced unemployed persons, whereas that by industry covers only unemployed wage and salary workera.
Includes mining, not shown separately.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served after August 4,1964.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A - 3 . Selected employment indicators
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Selected categories

Total employed, 16 years and over ,,
Males
Females
.
Household heads
.
Married men, spouse present
,
Married women, spouse present
.

.
.........

Seasonally adjusted

Apr.
1973

Apr.
1974

Apr*
1973

Dec*
1973

Jan.
1974

Feb.
1974

Mar.
1974

Apr.
1974

83,299
51,203
32,096
49,555
38,701
18,974

85,192
51,927
33,265
6h,864
38,858
19,575

83,854
51,641
32,213
49,589
38,807
18,899

85,669
52,732
32,937
50,565
39,252
19,334

85,811
52,910
32,901
50,807
39,394
19,147

85,803
52,716
33,087
50,825
39,268
19,224

85,863
52,556
33,307
50,706
39,025
19,349

85,775
52,370
33,405
50,738
38,975
19,497

39,859
11,634

41,590
12,446
8,883
5,416
14,845
29,182
11,361
13,749
4,072
11,353

39,868
11,471
8,573

41,138
12,030

41,375
12,350

5,427
14,397
29,909'
11,230
14,379

4,300
11,036
2,954

5,254
14,755
30,101
11,357
14,303
4,441
11,260
3,123

41,399
12,068
9,186
5,386
14,759
30,212
11,444
14,187
4,581
11,098

41,743
12,260
8,938
5,462
15,083
29,773
11,603
13,711
4,450
11,136
3,204

41,601
12,274
9,009
5,443
14,875
29,722
11,534
13,973
4,215
11,212
3,128

1,214
1,778
379

1,353
1,821
405

1,493
1,887
392

1,469

1,440
1,828
408

1,299
1,767
456

74,582
1,554
13,526
59,502
5,391

76,100
1,542

75,984

76,031

1,438

13,668
60,890

13,590
60,956
5,399
466

1,505
13,844
60,682
5,458
461

76,231
1,403
14,028

76,054
1,434
14,036

60,800
5,362

476

75,710
1,440
14,148
60,122
5,540
506

60,584
5,636
498

76,953
63,564

76,720
63,568

75,881
6 3 , 3 93

1,928

2,132
1,052
1,080
11,020

2,158
989

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
.......
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers , .
. ,
Craft and kindred workers
.
,
Operatives
..
Nonfarm laborers . . . .
,.
Service workers
,
Farm workers
.

8,456

5,3 98
14,372
29,362
11,057
14,151
4,154
11,178
2,900

3,066

9,099

3,326

9,031
5,408
14,586
29,760
11,337
13,990

4,433
11,177
3,380

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Sol f-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagriculturaf industries:
Wage and salary workers . . .
Private households
Government
Other
Self-empJoyed w o r k e r s . . . *
Unpaid family workers

.
.

1,175
1,769
350
74,230
1,560
13,627
59,044

5,297

1,257

1,758
421

469

5,455
473

1,919
429

520

PERSONS A T WORK '
Nonagricultural industries
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Usually work full time
Usually work part time
Part time for noneconomic reasons ,

.

966

962
11,461

1,169
10,325

1,192
1,370

2,586
1,213
1,373

77,164
63,911
2,754
1,381
1,373

10,796

10,368

10,499

77,396
64,038
2,562

76,801
63,847

1,291
10,469

75,696
63,378
2,390
1,078
1,312
9,928

76,993
63,984

2,540
1,249

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial disputes.

Table A - 4 . Duration of unemployment




Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Weeks of unemployment

Jan.
1974

Feb.
1974

Mar.
1974

Apr.
1974

2,466
1,437
768
440
328

2,427
1,426
830
505
325

2,464
1,388
815
503
312

2,269
1,467
857
528
329

9.3

9.4

9.6

9.4

9.8

100.0
53.5
29.4
17.1
9.5

100.0
52.8
30.8
16.4
9.4
7*0

100.0
51.8
30.5
17.7
10.8
6.9

100.0
52*8
29.7
17.5
10.8
6.7

100.0
49.4
31.9
18.7
11.5
1.7

Apr.
1973

Apr.
1974

Apr.
1973

Dec.
1973

1,878
1,274
1,022
649
373

1,931
1,257
1,112
728
384

2,207
1,487
787
467
320

2,308
1,270
740
409
331

11*4

11.2

10.0

100.0
45.0
30.5
24.5
15.5
8.9

100.0
44.9
29.2
25.9
16.9
8,9

100.0
49,3
33.2
17.6
10.4

1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

7

-l

7 7

-

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A - 5 . Reasons for unemployment
(Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Reason

Seasonally adjusted

Apr.
1973

Apr.
1974

Apr.
1973

Dec.
1973

Jan.
1974

Feb.
1974

Mar.
1974

Apr.
1974

1,728
615

1,677
657
1,451
682

1,761
765
1,266
593

2,006
731
1,252
682

2,052
750
1,240
630

2,022
739

1,275
556

2,069
674
1,110
448

1,186
632

2,007
720
1,263
549

100.0
41T4
14.7
30.5
13.3

100.0
48.1
15.7
25.8
10.4

100.0
37.5
14.7
32.5
15.3

100.0
40.2
17.4
28.9
13.5

100.0
42.9
15.6
26.8
14.6

100.0
43.9
16.1
26.5
13.5

100.0
44.2
16.1
25.9
13.8

100.0
• 44.2
15.9
27.8
12.1

2.0
.7
1.5
.6

2.3
.8
1.2
.5

1.9
.7
1.6
.8

2.0
.8
1.4
.7

2.2
.8
1.4
.8

2.3
.8
1.4
.7

2.2
.8
1.3
.7

2.2
.8
1.4
.6

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Lost last job
*...*
Left last job
Reentered labor force
Seeking first job . . . . . .

.
....,

.

.":

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed , . . .
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

.
..
.

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

Table A - 6 . Unemployment by sex and age
Seasonally adjusted unemployment rates

Not seasonally adjusted
Thousands of persons

Percent

looking for
full-time
work

Sex and age

Apr.
1973

Apr.
1974

Apr.
1974

Apr.
1973

Dec.
1973

Jan.
1974

Feb.
1974

Mar.
1974

Apr.
1974

4,174
1,108
501
938
2,128
1,753
376

4,301
1,029
500
529
968
2,304
1,919
384

79.3
53.2
31.6
73.3
88.5
87.1
88.7
79.2

5.0
15.2
18.8
12.4
8.1
3.2
3.3
2.5

4.8
14.4
16.7
12.9
7.7
3.1
3.3
2.6

5,
15.
19,
13,
8.
3,
3,
2.

5.2
15.3
17.9
12.9
8.6
3.3
3.5
2.9

5*1
15.0
18.4
12.7
8.1
3.3
3.4
2.7

5.0
13.8
15.7
12.5
8.1
3.3
3.6
2.6

Males, 16 years and over .
16 to 19 years
16to 17years . . . .
18to 19years . . . . .
20 to 24 years
,
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .,

2,286
587
359
228
528
1,171
941
230

2,401
581
306
275
542
1,278
1,051
226

83.2
52.3
36.3
70.2
89.7
94.5
96.5
85.4

4.4
14.5
19,0
10.8
7.8
2.7
2.7
2.4

4.0
13,6
16.3
11.9
6.7
2.4
2.5
2.4

4.4
14.1
18.8
11.2
7.9
2,7
2.7
2.6

4.5
14.6
18*0
11.6
8.3
2.8
2.7
2.9

4,4
14,4
17.6
12.1
7.9
2.7
2.7
2.4

4,
14.
16.
12.4

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years . . . * . . ,
16 to 17 yean
18 to 19 years „
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over...

1,888
521
248
273
410
957
811
146

1,900
448
194
254
426
1,026
868
158

74.4
54.2
24.2
77.2
87.1
77.9
79.4
69.6

6.0
16.0
18,5
14.3
8.4
4.0
4.3
2.8

6.2
15.4
17.2
14.0
8.9
4.2
4.6
2.8

6.6
17.3
20.1
15*6
9.3
4.2
4.6
3.1

6.4
16.2
17.8
14.4
9.0
4.3
4.8
2.9

6,2
15.8
19.3
13.4
8.4
4.2
4.5
3.4

5.9
13.5
14.9
12*6
8.4
4.1
4.4
3.0

Total, 16 years and over . . .
16to 1 9 y e a r s . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
65 years and over .




606

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry
(In thousands!
Not seasonally adjusted

Apr.
1973

Seasonally adjusted

Feb.
1974

Mar1974p

ftfi*

Apr.
1973

74,861

75,792

76,100

76, 678

75,105

76,626

23,631

23,708

23.771

23.950

23,906

24,468 1

. .*

603

641

643

652

608

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION

3.442

3,329

3.397

3,513

19,586
14,394

19,738
14.422

19,731
14,418

11,498
8,452

11,620
8,472

193.0
617.6
514.5
Furniture and fixtures
681.6
Stone, clay, and glass products . . . .
Primary metal industries . .
1,297.9
Fabricated metal products
1,439.5
Machinery, except electrical
2,016.3
Electrical equipment... *
1,958.2
Transportation equipment
1,869.2
Instruments and related products . .
479.3
430.7

Industry

TOTAL

'

GOODS-PRODUCING
MINING

MANUFACTURING

*

1

DURABLE GOODS

Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Apparel and other textile products .
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products

.

Rubber and plastics products, nee..
Leather and leather products
SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

1

Jan.
1974

Feb.
1974

M a r . pp
1974

1

Apr*p
1974P

r 7 6 , 526

76,813

76.785

76,911

24,296

24.317

24,227

24,231

646

654

656

656

658

3,571

3,732

3,636

3,757

3,717

3,644

19,785
14,470

19,727
14,521

20,090
14,771

20,006
14,682

19.904
14,563

19,854
14,528

19,929
14,601

11,612
8,466

11,684
8,542

11,534
8,483

11,859
8,712

11,774
8,624

11,683
8,524

11,644
8,495

11,722
8,574

190.2
630.4
520.7
681.3
1,328.2
1.445.7
2,135.3
2,036.7
1.706.1
518.5
427.2

190.3
633.9
520.0
687.9
1,325.3
1,442.7
2, 147.2
2,022.6
1,689. 1
519.0
434.1

187.7
638.1
521.7
688.2
1,332.3
1,446.2
2, 146.7
2,031.7
1,737.8
520.0
433.3

195
631
520
687
1,288
1,448
2,006
1,970
1,869
481
439

190
645
527
707
1,354
1,470
2,128
2,057
1,827
514
440

192
645
527
704
1,343
1,466
2,133
2,051
1,753
516
444

191
647
523
702
1,331
1,454
2,123
2 , 043
1,706
521
442

192
647
523
703
1,317
1,448
2,134
2,033
1,681
521
445

190
652
527
694
1,322
1,455
2,136
2,044
1,738
522
442

8,088
5,942

8, 118
5,950

8,119
5,952

8, 101
5,928

8,193
6,038

8,231
6,059

8*232
6,056

8.221
6,039

8,210
6,033

8,207
6,027

1,665.4
68.4
1,020.5
1.354.4
708.9
1,095.4
1,021.1
180.8
677.0
295.7

1,678.0
73.3
1,022. 1
1,309.9
723.5
1, 1 0 7 . 9
1,038.7
187.2
686.6
290.7

1,686.8
70.6
1,019*0
1,301.8
725.1
1,105.2
1,043.6
186.7
687.5
292.9

1,680.8
69.5
1,015.9
1,294.8
724.6
1, 103.4
1,045.6
188.1
684.7
293.5

1,746
76
1,023
1,357
712
1, 096
1,021
183
680
299

1,753
75
1,030
1,321
724
1,105
1,042
192 ;
693
296

1,754
76
1,029
1,315
729
1,106
1,046
193
693
291

1,755
76
1,025
1,309
729
1,109
1,045
192
690
291

1,764
77
1,020
1,293
730
1,105
1,046 1
190
690
295

1,762
77
1,018
1,297
728
1,105
1,046
190
688
296

51,230

52,084

52,329

52,728

51,199

52,158

r 52,230

52,496

52,558

4,559

4,616

4,633

4,636

4,591

4,644

4 , 684

4,691

4,675

4 , 669
16,518

1

NONDURABLE GOODS
Production workers . . . . . . . . . . .

Dec.
1973

52,680

16,088

16,127

16, 18C

16,398

16,217

16,398

16,417

16,472

16,480

4,000
12,088

4, 142
11,985

4 , 141
12,039

4, 141
12,257

4,044
12,173

4,152
12,246

4,184
12,233

4,192
12,280

4,183
12,297

4,187
12,331

4,019

4,087

4,103

4, 120

4,031

4,101

4,109

4,124

4,128

4,132

SERVICES

12,771

13,056

13,143

13,294

12,746

13,128

13,136

13,215

13,236

13,267

GOVERNMENT

13,793

14,198

14.27C

14,280

13,614

13,887

r13,884

13,994

14,039

14,094

2.631
11,162 |

2,659
11,539

2,667
11,603

2.670
11,610

2,628
10,986

2,654
11,233

r

2,670
11,324

2,675
11,364

2,667
11,427

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE * .
WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

FEDERAL

p*preliminary.
r » revised.




2,651
11,233

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA^

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls, by industry
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Apr.
1973

TOTAL PRIVATE

Feb.
1974

36.9

36.6

Mar.
1974 p
36.6

1974

p

Apr,
1973

Dec.
1973

Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
Feb.
1974
1974

Mar.
197-4 *

36.3

37.2

37.0

36.7

37.0

36.8

43.4

43.0

MINING

,

41.7

42.7

42.5

43.4

41.7

43.3

42.6

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION

,

36.8

36.4

36.8

35.9

37.0

37.2

36.2

37.7

37.2

MANUFACTURING
Overtime hours

40.7
3.8

40". 1
3.3

40.3
3.4

39-3
2.6

40.9
4.1

40.7
3.7

40.3
3.4

40.5
3.5

40.4
3.6

DURABLE GOODS
Overtime hours

41*6
4.1

40.7
3.4

40.9
3.6

39.7
2.6

41.8
4.4

41.3
3.9

40.8
3.5

41.1
3.6

40.9
3.7

42.0
41.1
39.8
42.2
42.5
41.5
42.4
40,3
42.5
40.7
39.0

42,
40,
38.
41,
41,
40.
42,
39.
40.1
40.5
38.7

43.0
40.3
39-2
41.5
41.7
41.1
42.7
39.9
40.3
40.5
38.9

42.0
40.1
38.4
41.1
40.8
39.5
41.1
38.8
38.7
39.5
37.8

42.0
41.1
40.4
42.3
42.2
41.8
42.5
40.6
43.5
40.8
39.0

42.6
40.9
39.6
42.2
42.4
41.5
42.9
40.1
41.0
41.0
38.8

41.9
40.4
39.8
41.6
41.8
41.0
42.3
39.6
40.0
40.6
38.3

42.1
40.6
39.7
41,
41
41,
' 42,
40
40
40.8
39.0

42,
40.
39.
41,
41,
41.3
42.4
39.9
40.3
40.5
38.9

39.5
3.3

39.2
3.1

39.3
3,1

38.6
2.5

39.8
3.6

39*8
3.4

39.6
3.4

39.6
3.3

39.5
3.3

39.5
38.0
41.3
36.0
42.6
37.8
42. 1
42.0
41.3
37.5

40.
37,
40,
35
42,
37,
41.8
41.9
40.6
37.7

40.0
36.8
40.3
35.6
42.2
37.7
41.9
42.3
40.7
37.8

39
37,
38
34
41
37
42.2
43.1
39.1
37.1

40.1
39.2
41.6
36.1
42.8
38.0
41.9
41.9
41.5
38.2

40.9
38.9
40.8
35.9
42.8
37.8
41.9
42.7
41.0
37.5

40.8
39.5
40.6
35.2
42.8
37.7
41.8
42.5
40.6
37.2

40.8
38.8
40.7
35.6
42.
37.
42.
42.
40.
37.8

40.5
38.1
40.4
35.5
42,5
37.7
41,9
42.9
40.9
38.1

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

40.2

40.3

40.3

39.7

40.7

40.4

40.8

40.4

40,5

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE . .

34.4

33.9

34.0|

34.1

34.8

34.5

34.3

34.4

34.3

39.3
33.0

38.7
32.4

38.8
3 2 . 4{

38.7
32.7

39.5
33.4

39.1
32.9

39.1
32.8

38.9
33.0

38.9
32,9

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

37.2

37*0

36.9]

36.8

37.2

37.2

36.9

3 7 . Oj

36.9

SERVICES

34.0

33.9

33.9

33.8

34.1

34.0

34.0

34.1

34.0

Ordnance and accessories

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures , . • . . . . . . ,
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal p r o d u c t s . . . . . . .
Machinery, except electrical...,.,
Electrical equipment
,
Transportation equipment
,
Instruments and related products.,
Miscellaneous manufacturing
NONDURABLE GOODS

Overtime

hours.............

Food and kindred products . . . . . .
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing . . •
,

Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and plastics products, nee .
Leather and leather products

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing: to construction workers in contract construction: and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonagricultural payrolls,
p-preliminary*




ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private
nonagricultural payrolls, by industry

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Industry

TOTAL PRIVATE
Seasonally adjusted . .
MINING
CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
Ordnance and accessories
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical...
Electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
NONDURABLE GOODS

Apr.
1973

Feb.
1974

Mar.
1974 P

Apr.
I9741

Apr.
1973

Feb.
1974

Mar.
1974g
$148.60 $147.74
149.78 149.33

$3.83
3.84

$4.04
4.04

$4.06
4.07

$4.07
4.08

$141.33
142.85

$147.86
149.48

4.60

4.99

4.99

5.05

191.82

213.07

212.08

6.31

6.74

6.75

6.77

232.21

245.34

248- 40

4.01

4.21

4.23

4.24

163.21

168.82

170.47

4.26

4.47

4.50

4.49

177.22

181.93

184.05

4.1S
3.51
3.21
4.11
4.92
4*19
4.49
3.81
5.00
3.81
3.22

4.51
3.73

4.51
3.74
3.41
4.33
5.30
4.43
4.78
3.98
5.27
4.07
3.42

4.52
3.77
3.41
4.35
5.34
4.41
4.73
3.99
5.23
4.07
3.43

175.56
144.26
127.76
173.44
209* 10
173.89
190.38
153.54
212.50
155.07
125.58

189.87
149.20
131,87
176.73
217.35
178*67
201.40
157.61
209.72
164.03
132.35

193.93
150.72
133.67
179. 70j
221.01
182.07
204.11
158.801
212.38
164.84
133.04)

3.63

3.83

3.85

3.87

143.39

150.14

151.311

4.09
4.15
3.04
2.88
4.35

149.31
144.78
119.77
98.64
175.09
175.01
185.24
219-24
155.29
104.63

161.20
146.65
123.62
101.24
181.45
179.79
193.95
227,10
159.56
110.08

161. 6q
147.57^
123.7a
102.17^
183.19
182.89
194,43

3.39
4.30
5.25
4.39

Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures . . . *
Textile mill products
*.••.*•.
Apparel and other textile products
Paper end allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and plastics products, nee
Leather and leather products

3.78
3.81
2.90
2.74
4.11
4.63
4.40
5.22
3.76
2.79

5.42
3.93
2.92

4.04
4.01
3.07
2.87
4.34
4.85
4.64
5,43
3.94
2,94

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES

4.96

5.24

5.23

5.27

199.39

211.17

210.77

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

3.16

3.36

3.37

3.38

108.70

113.90

114.581

4.07
2.83

4.31
2.99

4.33
3.01

4.37
3.01

159.95
93.39

166.80
96.88

168. 0(J
97. 52

3.59

3.75

3.75

3.76

133.55

138.75

138.381

3.32

3.53

3.54

3.56

112.88

119.67

120.01

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAILTRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE. AND REAL ESTATE
SERVICES
1
See footnote 1, table B-2.
^preliminary.




229.6q

160.36)
111.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Hourly Earnings Index for production or nonsupervisory workers in private nonfarm industries,
seasonally adjusted
[1967-tOOl
Percent change from
Industry

Dec.
1973

Jan.
1974

Feb,
1974

150.3

151.3

151,7

152.5

153.5

110.5

109.1

109.3

108.4

107.6

107.2

MINING

144.0

150.2

152,1

154,2

154.8

155.8

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION

153.4

160,3

161.2

160.5

162.5

MANUFACTURING

141.1

147.0

147,9

148.5

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES

154.6

160.0

160.2

141.2

146.9

139.1

144.7

Apr.
1973

Nov.
1973

Current dollars

144.4

Constant (1967) dollars

Mar.*
1974

Apr.*
1974

Apr. 1973- Mar. 1974Apr. 1974 Apr. 1974

TOTAL PRIVATE NONFARM:

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE

SERVICES

154.6

7.1

If

2/

157.3

9.2

.9

163.6

164.2

7.0

•4

149.3

150.1

151.5

7.4

.9

161.1

162.2

163.0

163.8

6.0

.5

147.9

148.8

149.1

150.1

150.9

6.8

.5

143*6

145.5

145.2

145.2

145.6

146,7

5.4

.8

149.9

151,3

152.1

152.9

153.9

155,0

7.1

.7

NA

i P e r c e n t change was - 2 . 9 from March 1973 t o March 1 9 7 4 , the l a t e s t month a v a i l a b l e ,
a P e r c e n t change was - 0 . 4 from February 1974 t o March 1 9 7 4 , the l a t e s t month a v a i l a b l e .
N.A.- not available,
preliminary.
NOTE: All series are in current dollars except where indicated. The index excludes effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to underlying wage-rate developments: Fluctuations in overtime premiums in manufacturing (the only sector for which overtime data are available) and the effects of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage and low-wage Industries. The seasonal
adjustment eliminates the effect of changes that normally occur at the same time and in about the same magnitude each year.




LABOR FORCE. EMPLOYMENT. UNEMPLOYMENT
HOUSEHOLD DATA - SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1.

LABOR FORCE AND EMPLOYMENT

2.

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT

C I V I L I A N LABOR FORCE
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT
NONAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT
THOUSANDS
95000

THOUSANDS

]

f-

90000

85000

*

60000

[

r%

[
'"

t

1

y

r

..</
***

75000

UULAI*

..,/

J

I
mmmml

20000

MUl.tlJ •tfcUi|l»li> utttlul* UUAMU

|.l.,lx.l„

Illlll

MIMIMIM

••1

65000

I

I

J

30000

LP* —

\

Hi

20000
•J

J
J
J
10000

10000
• •*•»•••

60000

U

40000

J
J
J

30000

1
]

t

>

n ""*" "

1365 1S66 1967 I960 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974

3-

-

70000

<

50000

J

75000

•V

J

-1
J

65000

1

60000

J

50000
"^»

]

/

y

J

60000

/

y

y

•

-

J
-J

j

"

/ '

i

I'

*

i

r[

/
/

PUUUU

40000

•-•

[

65000

1 90000

/*

/•*

95000

\

[

70000

AOULT MEN
AOULT WOMEN
TEENAGERS

MII.1I.IM Iilllllllli

lull. H I M I H I I I nti*l«il»Ldi*lit<»lnliilMLu nliiliihJ

0

1963 1966 1967 I960 1969 1970 1371 1972 1973 1974

UNEMPLOYMENT

4-

UNEMPLOYMENT
AOULT MEN
ADULT WOMEN
TEENAGERS

ALL C I V I L I A N WORKERS
F U L L - T I M E WORKERS
MARRIED MEJJ
THOUSANDS
6O0T>i

leotro

THOUSANDS
2250

2250

2000

2000

1750

1750

15 OCT

1500

1250

1250

1000

1000

750

750

J
Y\-

500CT

V

^
\

/

I

400a

3000-

\ \
\
L

20trcr

—A
Xfi^j ^

V

1

"vv-J/
j
* w •.-/
V *£
_M

'*

\
-3000

H

1

f2000

^ l_jj_.. _

J
/

per

4000

W

V
tooo

5000

*

*v*-Y

^

^ J

MUJUAJ
I..1.J
uu«Ui*
- i ~ * J «.l.ilnln
l..l,.l..|
I .1
1
1..H1, /I- !I- • - •
i.H..l.iT.n
w Ll..l..1i|
ulwliiiJ
iwUlt.1*., rl - iI..1..U1,
1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 L3W L971. J3M 1973 1974

Q Ul»l..h.|,,|..l
i
i




1000

0

500

500
1963 1966 1967 i960 1969 1970 1971 197Z 1973 1974

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
HOUSEHOLD DATA - SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
5.

UNEMPLOYMENT

RflTES

6.

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES

ALL C I V I L I A N WORKERS
STATE INSURED »
MARRIED MEN

TEENAGERS
ADULT WOMEN
ADULT MEN

PERCENT
7.0

PERCENT
7.0

20.0 I

20.0

6.-0

fcfH15-0

15.0
5.0

4.0

10.0

10.0

3.0
\w\

S.O

,r

W'

•AvJ

2.0

%

-\.l ./*'*!

H.

^;

5.0

^.->'
\

m

Q

llltlll»llllllllllllllllllllllMlMllllMlllll>hll>llllllll

>lll|lIlll»ill»lllll>w|ll(Mlllllllllllll»lM»lllnl

\

, Q

Q .Q

liiliilnhiliiliiliilJiaiiLiliiliiliJi*liJitli>^tlnliilrtliniiliiliiliilJi.ltili>hiliiliitiitiilii1ii1iilii)

1965 1966 1967 1969 1369 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974

7.

O.Q

196S 1966-L361 1969 1969 1970 1971 197Z 1979 1974

8.

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
_
_

NEGRO ANO OTHER RACES
WHITE

PART-TIME WORKERS
FULL-TIME WORKERS

PERTENT
10.D-i

PERCENT
12.5

12.5

10.0

10.0

7.5

7.5

5.0

— 5 . 0

2-5
1963 1966 1967 1969 1969 1970 1971 197Z 1973 1974

10.0

£-5

2^&4

0.0

O.tJ
L9«* t » e e 1367 196* iM*~\310

1971 L97Z 1973 1974

• = w t« thP week including the 12th of the month and represents the insured unemployed under

»,;.lZzi\zt?rj.:z^™Z™,"Z*£«. -—*.———- —«— —-


systems.


UNEMPLOYMENT
HOUSEHOLD DATA - SEASONALLY
9-

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES

10.

ADJUSTED

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES

BLUE COLLAR WORKERS
SERVICE WORKERS
WHITE COLLAR WORKERS

CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING

PERCENT
8.0

P.ERCENT
15.0

15.0

12.5

12.5

10.0

10-0

7.5
4-0
5.0

2.5

1 , 0

l"'"»"'-'"'"J-''"»-^"'

I..I..1X.I..I..I^I

l..i.,l.,i..l..i..l..lJ..i..l..i..L.i.,l..iJ

K,t..l

1

Q

Q

Q ||ihllllllll»lMltllllllilllllllllLllBlutlllllllllllhillitwlMhtlttlllllllMlllltllltlMltlllllllliilttll*lMllil

Q „ Q

1965 1966 1967 I960 1969 1970 1971 197Z 1973 1974

1963 1966 1967 I960 1969 1970 1971 197Z 1973 1974

12.

11 . AVERAGE DURATION
OF UNEMPLOYMENT

UNEMPLOYMENT BY REASON
JOB LOSERS
REENTRANTS

NEW ENTRANTS
JOB LEAVERS

WEEKS

13.0

13.0

12.0

12.0

THOUSANDS
2500

2500

2000

2000

1500

1500

1000

1000

500

500

11.Q

10-0

9-0

8-0

7 . o Ui*a«itiLiii>i.
196* 1966 1967 1960 1969 1970 1971 197* 1973 1974




1967

I960

!9€fr

1970

1971

197Z

1973

1974

NONflGRICULTURflL EMPLOYMENT AND HOURS
ESTABLISHMENT DATA - SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
13.

EMPLOYMENT

14

TOTAL NONflGRICULTURflL
SERVICE-PRODUCING
GOOOS-PRODUCING
MANUFACTURING

THOUSANDS
60000

60000

1

V

MAN-HOURS

TOTAL PRIVATE NONflGRICULTURflL
PRIVATE SERVICE-PRODUCING
GOODS-PRODUCING
MANUFACTURING
MILLIONS OF MAN-HOURS
2250 i
2250

70000

70000

f

2000

2000

1750

1750

1500

1500

1250

1250

1000

1000

j

60000 \*>

60000

h
,m

J

— *'

50000

50000

-

,-""

h

40000

*'

0
"m +

-—"

P." '
--•'"'

]

- +*

x

40000

]

30000

30000

750
p.-*****

,.*•****

,••»*•••

^-..

'..Mm.

,.•*••*•"

—+-

^ ^.
••luluh.

15.

" • " ' " ' -

MIIIIIIIII

^•-.../l^'

, »*

liaiillrfw HlllllllH

llllllulK

20000

L^

20000

«••••••*'

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

HOURS
42.0

42.0

41 . 0

41*0

40.0

40.0

K
uV

,•••/*
VJ—+-"

750

500

16. AVERAGE WEEKLY OVERTIME HOURS
IN MANUFACTURING

MANUFACTURING
TOTAL PRIVATE

39.0

500

,J.-.«.tA

HOURS
5*0,

5.0

4.0

4-0

3.0

3.0

2.0

2.0

1 .0

UO

39.0

\A
38.0

38.0

v\<
Wl

37.0

36.0

rvt

M

.""•VAj

'•ml ml I

37.0

»»'^>'<»l 36 . 0

1363 1966 1967 1960 1963 1970 1971 197Z 1973 t974


NOTE: Charts 14 and 15 relate to production or nonsupervisory
http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/
recent months are preliminary in charts 13-16.
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

0 ^Q U...U1..I.H..I.J 1.11.1 1 t I.il..fi.h.l.il..l..1..l..l..l..uli.tiil Lul I U,J Q Q
1963 1966 1967 I960 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974

workers; chart 16 relates to production workers. Data for the 2 most