Full text of The Employment Situation : April 1971

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NEWS

0. S. DEPARTM ENT OF K O O K
OFFICE OF IN FO R M ATION , W A SHIN GTO N . D. C. 20210

USDL - 7 1 -2 6 4
B ureau of L a b or S ta tistics
(2 0 2 )9 6 1 -2 6 3 3 o r 96 1-2 5 4 2

TRANSMISSION E M B AR G O
10:00 A« M. (E D T )
F rid a y , May 7, 1971

THE E M P L O Y M E N T SITUATION:

A P R IL 1971

The em ploym en t situation was e sse n tia lly unchanged in A p r il, the U. S.
D epartm ent of Labor* s B ureau of L a b or S ta tistics re p o rte d today«
The A p ril unem ploym ent rate was 6.1 p e rce n t, not sign ifica n tly d if f e r ­
ent fr o m the 60 0 p e rce n t in M arch*

Since reach in g a 9 -y e a r peak in D e c e m ­

b er 1970 (60 2 p e r c e n t ), the jo b le s s rate has m ov ed n a rrow ly betw een 5 .8
and 6. 1 p e rce n t.

J o b le s s ra te s fo r m o st m a jo r grou p s in the la b o r f o r c e

show ed little o r no change in A p ril, rem ainin g c lo s e to th eir re ce n t h igh s.
The unem ploym ent rate fo r w o r k e rs c o v e r e d by State unem ploym ent in su ra n ce
p r o g r a m s w as 3 .9 p e rce n t in A p ril, the sam e as in M a rch .
T ota l em ploym en t edged up slightly in A p ril, p r im a r ily as a re s u lt o f
an in c r e a s e in a g ricu ltu ra l em ploym en t.

O ver the past y e a r, total e m p lo y ­

m ent has shown little change on a sea son a lly adjusted b a s is .
N onfarm p a y ro ll em ploym en t a lso show ed a v e ry sm a ll in c r e a s e in
A p r il.

At 7 0 .7 m illio n (sea son a lly adjusted) in A p ril, p a y ro ll em p loy m en t

has rem a in ed fa ir ly le v e l sin ce the beginning o f the y e a r, a fte r fa llin g
substantially b elow its a lltim e high rea ch ed in M a rch 1970.

O v e r-th e -m o n th

gains in State and lo c a l g overn m en t, co n tra ct co n stru ctio n , and fin a n ce ,
in su ra n ce and r e a l estate w e re la rg e ly o ffs e t by d e clin e s in m anufacturin g
and tra n sp orta tion and public u tilitie s.




The d ro p in m anufacturin g r e p re se n te d

Included at the end of this p r e s s r e le a s e
a re 22 graphs that p resen t re ce n t trends
in the m a jo r s e r ie s on em ploym en t, un­
em ploym en t, and h ou rs. T hese ch a rts
a re being in trod u ced as a reg u la r m on th ­
ly featu re to p rovide a h is to r ic a l p e r s p e c ­
tive on cu rren t d evelopm en ts in the
em ploym en t situation.

-2 -

its fourth straight m onthly d e clin e and brought fa c to r y em p loy m en t to its
lo w e s t le v e l in 5 y e a rs (with the e x ce p tio n o f the se co n d m onth o f the 1970
auto s t r ik e ).
U nem ploym ent
The num ber of un em ployed p e rs o n s f e ll 480, 000 this A p ril to 4. 7 m illio n .
The d ro p w as c lo s e to the usual d e clin e betw een M a rch and A p r il.
J o b le s s ra te s fo r m o st la b o r fo r c e g rou p s w e re little changed in A p ril.
The unem ploym ent rate fo r adult m en, at 4 .4 p e rce n t, w as about the sam e
as in M a rch and w as sligh tly below the 7 -y e a r high re a ch e d in D e ce m b e r
1970.

The rate fo r m a r r ie d m en , at 3. 1 p e rce n t, a ls o w as e sse n tia lly

unchanged in A p ril; a fter having r is e n a lm o st uninterruptedly throughout
1970, th eir rate has gra du ally d rifte d dow nw ard in e a rly 1971 fr o m its high
m a rk o f 3. 4 p e rce n t in D e c e m b e r .
A t 6. 0 p e rce n t in A p r il, the unem ploym ent rate fo r adult w om en was
substantially unchanged at its highest le v e l sin ce O cto b e r 1961.

The jo b le s s

rate fo r te e n a g e rs - - 17. 2 p e rce n t in A p ril - - w as a lso little changed o v e r
the m onth.

With the e x ce p tio n o f F e b ru a ry , the teenage rate has rem a in ed

17. 0 p e rce n t o r higher sin ce la st fa ll.
The rate fo r p a r t-tim e w o r k e r s r o s e fr o m 8. 7 to 9. 4 p e rce n t o v e r the
m onth to the highest le v e l sin ce the s e r ie s began in 1963.

F o r fu ll-tim e

w o r k e r s , the unem ploym ent rate was unchanged in A p r il at 5. 5 p e rce n t.
A fte r holding steady betw een D e ce m b e r and M a rch , the jo b le s s rate fo r
N eg ro w o r k e rs m ov ed up fr o m 9. 4 p e rce n t in M a rch to 10. 0 p e rce n t in A p ril,
its highest le v e l sin ce January 1964.

The o v e r -th e -m o n th change p rim a r ily

r e fle c t e d in c r e a s e d jo b le s s n e s s am ong adult N eg ro w om en , w h ose rate has
been m oving upward sin ce late 1970.

The unem ploym ent rate fo r w hites w as

unchanged at 5 .6 p e rce n t, rem aining at its re ce n t high re a ch e d la st w in ter.
Am ong the m a jo r industry d iv is io n s , the un em ploym ent rate fo r w o r k e r s
who la st w ork ed in co n s tru ctio n , at 9 .6 p e rce n t in A p ril, fe ll below the
1 0 -p e rc e n t m ark fo r the fir s t tim e in 1971.
gradu ally d eclin ed sin ce late 1970.

The rate in this industry has

The jo b le s s rate fo r w o r k e r s in tr a n s ­

p ortation and public u tilities r o s e to 4 .0 p e rce n t in A p ril, follow in g a d e clin e
in M a rch .

In m anufacturin g, the un em ploym ent rate of 7. 0 p e rce n t was

about unchanged o v e r the m onth, rem ainin g below its w inter highs.




- 3 -

Am ong the m a jo r o ccu p a tio n g ro u p s, the jo b le s s rate fo r cra ftsm e n and
fo re m e n d ropped in A p ril fr o m 4. 9 to 4e 5 p e rce n t, p o s s ib ly reflectinjg the
re ce n t strength in the co n s tru ctio n in d u stry 0 The un em ploym ent rate fo r
p r o fe s s io n a l and te ch n ica l w o r k e r s , at 3. 3 p e rce n t in A p ril, continued near
its highest point sin ce the m onthly s e r ie s began in 1958c
F o r w o r k e r s c o v e r e d by State unem ploym ent in su ra n ce p r o g r a m s , the
unem ploym ent rate w as unchanged in A p ril at 3 .9 p e rce n t, follow in g a ris e
in M a rch .

The State in su re d rate had peaked at 4 .6 p e rce n t in N ovem ber

during the auto strik e but had d e clin e d to 3. 7 p e rce n t by F e b ru a ry .
The num ber of p e rso n s un em ployed 15 w eeks o r m o re totaled 1. 1 m illio n
in A p ril, sea son a lly adjusted, the fifth co n se cu tiv e m onth at this le v e l.

The

a v era ge (m ean) duration of jo b le s s n e s s , at 10.9 w eek s, was a lso unchanged
betw een M a rch and A p ril at the highest le v e l r e c o r d e d sin ce M a rch 1966.
Although unem ploym ent has shown little change thus fa r in 1971, the a vera ge
duration of unem ploym ent has d rifte d upw ards.
The num ber of p e rs o n s w hose unem ploym ent stem m ed fr o m the lo s s of
th eir la st jo b r o s e by 100, 000 in A p ril to 2. 3 m illio n (se a so n a lly a d ju ste d ).
A fter rea ch in g a high of 2. 5 m illio n in D e ce m b e r 1970, jo b le s s n e s s am ong
these w o r k e r s has rem a in ed betw een 2. 2 and 2 .3 m illio n sin ce the beginning
o f 1971.

H ow ever, there has b een a 100,000 in c r e a s e in unem ploym ent

sin ce D e ce m b e r am ong p e rs o n s with no p re v io u s w ork e x p e r ie n c e .
The num ber of p e rso n s who w ork ed part tim e fo r e c o n o m ic re a so n s in
n on a g ricu ltu ra l in d u strie s but wanted fu ll-tim e jo b s rem a in ed at 20 5 m illio n
in A p ril, se a so n a lly a dju sted, the sam e as the 8 -y e a r high re a ch e d in
D ecem ber.

The ra tio of la b o r f o r c e tim e lo s t by p e rso n s w orking part tim e

in volu n tarily as w e ll as by the unem ployed w as 6. 4 p e rce n t in A p r il.

(L a b or

f o r c e tim e lo s t is a m e a su re of m a n -h o u rs lo s t to the e co n o m y through unem ­
p loym en t and involu ntary p a r t-tim e em ploym en t, taken as a p e rce n t of total
m a n -h o u rs o ffe r e d by those in the la b or f o r c e . )

A fter risin g a lm o st unin­

te rru p te d ly throughout 1970, la b o r f o r c e tim e lo s t has shown little change
during the f ir s t 4 m onths o f 1971.
C iv ilia n L a b or F o r c e and T ota l E m p loym en t
The num ber of p e rs o n s in the civ ilia n la b o r f o r c e , at 8 2 .9 m illio n in
A p ril, w as 230, 000 h igh er than in M a rch .

A fter sea son a l adjustm ent, the

la b or fo r c e was up by about 310, 000 o v e r the m onth, to about the sam e le v e l




-4-

as in Jan u aryc

The la b o r fo r c e had r is e n sharply during the la tter half of

1970, but sin ce January, d e clin e s am ong adult fe m a le s have o ffs e t net la b or
fo r c e gains am ong adult m en and teenagers®
T ota l em p loy m en t, at 780 2 m illio n in A p r il, w as up 700, 000 fr o m M a rch ,
a slig h tly la r g e r in c r e a s e than the a v e ra g e M a r c h -A p r il em p loy m en t gains
o f re ce n t years®

A fte r se a so n a l adjustm en t, total em p loy m en t edged up

225, 000 o v e r the m onth, w ith n ea rly a ll of the change o c c u r r in g in a g ricu ltu re ,
p r im a r ily am ong te e n a g e r s .

N o n a g ricu ltu ra l em ploym en t (which in clu d es

s e lf-e m p lo y e d , p riv a te h ou seh old and unpaid fa m ily w o r k e r s , as w e ll as
wage and sa la ry w o r k e r s ) w as little changed o v e r the m onth.

T ota l e m p lo y ­

ment has rem a in ed on a v irtu a l plateau sin ce la st M ay, fluctuating within the
n a rro w range o f 78. 5 to 78. 7 m illio n .

In re ce n t m onths, a d e clin e in e m p lo y ­

m ent of adult w om en has been o ffs e t by em p loy m en t gains am ong adult m en.
Industry P a y r o ll E m p loy m en t
The num ber of w age and sa la ry w o r k e r s on n o n a g ricu ltu ra l p a y ro lls w as
70. 4 m illio n in A p r il, 500, 000 m o r e than in M a rch .

The ris^ w as sligh tly

m o r e than the usual M a r c h -A p r il pickup, and a fter se a so n a l adjustm ent, non­
fa rm p a y ro ll em p loy m en t w as up 55, 000 fr o m the M a rch le v e l; part of the
in c r e a s e w as a ccou n ted fo r by the net retu rn to w ork o f about 35, 000 s t r ik e r s .
C o m p a re d with A p r il 1970, the total nu m ber of p a y ro ll jo b s has fa lle n by
3 8 0 ,0 0 0 .
O v er the m onth, se a so n a lly adjusted em p loym en t in c r e a s e s in State and
lo c a l g ov ern m en t, co n tra ct co n s tru ctio n , and fin a n ce, in su ra n ce and re a l
esta te m o r e than o ffs e t d e c lin e s in m anufacturin g and tra n sp o rta tio n and
p ublic u tilitie s .

The la r g e s t r is e o c c u r r e d in State and lo c a l g ov ern m en t

(55, 0 0 0 ), w h ere e m p loy m en t continued its grow th pattern of the past s e v e r a l
yea rs.

In co n tra ct co n s tru ctio n , em p loy m en t in c r e a s e d by 50, 000, s e a s o n ­

a lly adjusted, the se co n d straigh t m onthly in c r e a s e follow in g a y e a r of n ea rly
continuous d e c lin e s .

O v er the y e a r, h ow ever, co n s tru ctio n em p loy m en t was

still down by 115, 000, o r 3. 5 percent*,

E m p loym en t was up by 25, 000 in

fin a n ce, in su ra n ce and re a l e sta te .
M anufacturing em p loy m en t fe ll 3 5 ,0 0 0 in A p ril (se a so n a lly a d ju s te d ),
the fou rth straigh t m onthly d e clin e follow in g term in a tion of the auto strik e.
The d e clin e w ould have been la r g e r e x ce p t fo r a net red u ction in the num ber




-b-

o f w o r k e r s o ff p a y r o lls due to strik e a ctiv ity .

With the e x ce p tio n o f N ov em b er

1970 (the secon d m onth o f the auto s t r ik e ), m anufacturin g em p loy m en t in
A p r il w as at its lo w e s t point in 5 y e a r s .

O ver the y e a r , em p loy m en t in

m anufacturin g w as down by o v e r 1. 1 m illio n , a 5. 8 p e rce n t d e c lin e .
The A p r il cu tbacks in m anufacturin g w e re la r g e ly con fin ed to the d u ra ­
b le g ood s s e c t o r , p a r tic u la rly in the m a ch in e ry (15, 0 0 0 ), e le c t r ic a l eq u ip ­
m ent (2 0 ,0 0 0 ), and tra n sp orta tion equipm ent (2 0 ,0 0 0 ) in d u s tr ie s .

T his m o r e

than o ffs e t an em p loy m en t in c r e a s e o f 25, 000 in fa b rica te d m e ta l p ro d u cts,
w h ich o c c u r r e d la r g e ly as a r e s u lt o f the co n c lu sio n o f a strik e in the industry.
E m p loym en t in nondurable g o o d s w as unchanged in A p ril, as a sm a ll
r is e in ap p a rel cou n tered sligh t d e c r e a s e s in oth er s o ft -g o o d s in d u strie s.
F ollow in g d e c lin e s throughout m o st of 1970, n o n d u ra b le -g o o d s em ploym en t
has been v irtu a lly unchanged sin ce late in 1970.
In tra n sp o rta tio n and p u blic u tilitie s , em p loy m en t d e clin e d by 3 5 ,0 0 0 ,
se a so n a lly adju sted, re fle ctin g both jo b cu tb a ck s in the in d u stry and a net
in c r e a s e in strik e a ctiv ity .

E m p loy m en t in s e r v ic e s d rop p ed slig h tly

(1 5 ,0 0 0 ) o v e r the m onth.
In co n tra st to substantial em p loy m en t in c r e a s e s during m u ch o f 1970 and
the e n tire d eca d e o f the 60* s, the s e r v ic e s e c t o r has shown on ly m o d e ra te
g row th in re ce n t m on th s, m o s t o f it in State and lo c a l g ov ern m en t.

C o m p a red

with a y e a r e a r lie r , h ow ev er, em p loy m en t in the tota l s e r v ic e -p r o d u c in g
s e c t o r has r is e n by 880, 000 (1. 9 p e r c e n t ), p rov id in g a p a rtia l o ffs e t to the
1. 3 m illio n jo b lo s s in the g o o d s s e c t o r .
H ou rs o f W ork
The w ork w eek fo r a ll ra n k -a n d -file w o r k e r s on p riv a te n on a g ricu ltu ra l
p a y r o lls ed ged up by 0. 1 hour in A p ril fo r the secon d m onth in a row , to
37. 1 h o u rs, se a so n a lly a d ju sted .
h ou rs sin ce late 1970.

The w ork w eek has rem a in ed c lo s e to 37. 0

O v e r-th e -m o n th in c r e a s e s in tra n sp o rta tio n and

p u b lic u tilitie s , tra d e , and s e r v ic e s co u n te re d d e c lin e s in co n tra ct c o n s tr u c ­
tion and m an u fa ctu rin g.
In m a n u factu rin g, the sea so n a lly adjusted a v e ra g e w ork w eek m o v e d down
0. 1 hour in A p ril, to 39. 8 h o u rs.

C om p a red with la st A p r il, fa c to r y h ou rs

w e re down 0. 2 h ou r, and w e re 1. 1 h ou rs b elow the re ce n t high of 4 0 .9 h ou rs
la st re a ch e d in M a rch 1969.




The A p r il d e c r e a s e in the fa c to r y w orkw eek

-6 -

o c c u r r e d e n tire ly in the d u r a b le -g o o d s in d u s trie s , e s p e c ia lly tra n sp orta tion
equipm ent.
F a c to r y o v e rtim e w as unchanged in A p r il at 2. 8 h ou rs (se a so n a lly
a d ju s te d ), n ear the 7 -y e a r low re a ch e d in late 1970o W ith the e x ce p tio n of
F e b ru a ry 1971, o v e r tim e h ou rs have re m a in e d within the n a rrow range of
2. 7 - 2 .8 h o u rs sin ce S ep tem b er 1970.
E a rn in g s
A v e r a g e h ou rly e a rn in g s o f r a n k -a n d -file w o r k e r s on p riv a te n o n a g ricu ltu ra l p a y r o lls w e r e $ 3 .3 9 in A p r il, up 2 ce n ts fr o m M a rch .

H ourly ea rn in gs

w ere 21 ce n ts, o r 6 .6 p e rce n t, above a y e a r ago.
A s a r e s u lt of the A p r il in c r e a s e in h ou rly ea rn in g s, a v e ra g e w eek ly
e a rn in g s w e r e up 73 cen ts o v e r the m onth to $ 1 2 4 .7 5 .

I n c r e a s e s w ere

r e c o r d e d in a ll o f the m a jo r industry d iv is io n s with the e x ce p tio n o f fin a n ce,
in su ra n ce and r e a l e s ta te .

C o m p a re d w ith A p ril 1970, a v e ra g e w eek ly e a rn ­

in g s w e r e up by $ 7 .4 1 , o r 6 .3 p e rce n t.

D uring the la te st 12-m on th p e rio d

f o r w h ich C on su m er P r ic e Index data a re a v a ila b le - - M a rch 1970 to M a rch
1971 - - the Index r o s e by 4 .6 p e rce n t.




T his r e le a s e p re se n ts and a n alyzes s ta tis tics
fr o m tw o m a jo r s u r v e y s . Data on la b o r f o r c e , tota l
e m p lo y m e n t, and u n em ploym ent a re d e riv e d fro m the
sa m p le s u r v e y o f h ou seh old s con d u cted and tabulated
by the B ureau o f the C ensus f o r the B ureau o f L a b o r
S ta tistics. S ta tistics on in d u stry e m p loy m en t, h o u r s ,
and ea rn in gs a re c o lle c t e d by State a g e n cie s fr o m
p a y r o ll r e c o r d s o f e m p lo y e rs and a re tabulated by the
B ureau o f L a b o r S ta tis tics . A d e s c r ip tio n o f the two
su rv e y s ap p ea rs in the BLS p u b lica tio n E m p loym en t
and E a rn in g s.

TobU

A -l:

E m p loym e nt status of the n o n in s titu tio n a l p o p u la tio n b y

sex an d age

(In thousands)

Seasonally adjusted
A p r.
1971

Employment status, age, and sex

M ar.
1971

A p r.
1970

A p r.
1971

M ar.
1 971

F eb.
1 97 1

Jan.
1971

D ec.
197 0

Total

Total labor force ......................................
Civilian labor force .........................................
Employed.......................................................
Agriculture..................................................
Nonagricultural industries..........................
On part time for economic reasons............
Usually work full time.............................
Uaually work part time ..........................
Unemployed....................................................

8 5 ,7 8 0
8 2 ,8 9 8
7 8 ,2 0 4
3 ,5 0 5
7 4 ,6 9 9
2 ,2 3 0
1 ,2 4 2
988
4 ,6 9 4

8 5 ,5 9 8
8 2 ,6 6 8
7 7 ,4 9 3
3_,042
7 4 ,4 5 2
2 ,3 7 7
1 ,2 8 4
1 ,0 9 3
5 ,1 7 5

8 5 ,2 3 1
8 1 ,9 6 0
7 8 ,4 0 8
3 ,5 3 1
7 4 ,8 7 7
2 ,1 0 7
1 ,3 0 8
799
3 ,5 5 2

8 6 ,6 6 5
8 3 ,7 8 3
7 8 ,6 9 8
3 ,5 5 8
7 5 ,1 4 0
2 ,4 9 4
1 ,3 0 9
1 ,1 8 5
5 ,0 8 5

8 6 ,4 0 5
8 3 ,4 7 5
7 8 ,4 7 5
3 ,3 9 6
7 5 ,0 7 9
2 ,4 5 5
1 ,2 4 2
1 ,2 1 3
5 ,0 0 0

8 6 ,3 3 4
8 3 ,3 8 4
7 8 ,5 3 7
3 ,3 2 9
7 5 ,2 0 8
2 ,4 5 8
1 ,2 2 7
1 ,2 3 1
4 ,8 4 7

8 6 ,8 7 3
8 3 j8 9 7
7 8 ,8 6 4
3 ,4 1 3
7 5 ,4 5 1
2 ,4 8 4
1 ,3 7 7
1 ,1 0 7
5 ,0 3 3

8 6 ,6 2 2
8 3 ,6 0 9
7 8 ,4 6 3
3 ,4 0 8
7 5 ,0 5 5
2 ,5 3 3
1 ,3 8 2
1 ,1 5 1
5 ,1 4 6

4 7 ,5 6 5
4 5 ,4 9 4

4 7 ,0 2 7
4 5 ,5 2 9
2 ,6 3 6
4 2 ,8 9 3
1 ,4 9 8

4 7 ,7 0 3
4 5 ,6 2 5

2 ,5 1 8
4 2 ,9 7 6
2 ,0 7 0

4 7 ,3 6 7
4 4 ,9 9 6
2 ,3 2 4
4 2 ,6 7 1
2 ,3 7 1

2 ,4 7 6
4 3 ,1 4 9
2 ,0 7 8

4 7 ,4 2 5
4 5 ,4 1 1
2 ,4 3 9
4 2 ,9 7 2
2 ,0 1 4

4 7 ,2 3 9
4 5 ,2 3 7
2 ,3 4 7
4 2 ,8 9 0
2 ,0 0 2

4 7 ,4 8 0
4 5 ,4 2 5
2 ,4 3 5
4 2 ,9 9 0
2 ,0 5 5

4 7 ,5 3 1
4 5 ,3 6 5
2 ,4 5 8
4 2 ,9 0 7
2 ,1 6 6

2 8 ,5 7 2
2 6 ,9 7 8
535
2 6 ,4 4 4
1 ,5 9 3

2 8 ,7 1 0
2 7 ,0 4 9
412
2 6 ,6 3 7
1 ,6 6 1

2 8 ,3 8 2
2 7 ,2 1 0
521
2 6 ,6 8 9
1 ,1 7 1

2 8 ,4 8 9
2 6 ,7 9 1
583
2 6 ,2 0 8
1 ,6 9 8

2 8 ,5 9 4
2 6 ,9 3 8
539
2 6 ,3 9 9
1 ,6 5 6

2 8 ,6 4 5 .
2 7 ,0 5 1
551
2 6 ,5 0 0
1 ,5 9 4

2 8 ,8 5 5
2 7 ,2 1 1
544
2 6 ,6 6 7
1 ,6 4 4

2 8 ,6 4 4
2 6 ,9 8 8
538
2 6 ,4 5 0
1 ,6 5 6

6 ,7 6 1
5*731
452
5 ,2 7 9
1 ,0 3 0

6 ,5 9 1
5 ,4 4 8
r3 05
5 ,1 4 3
1 ,1 4 2

6 ,5 5 1
5 ,6 6 9
374
5 ,2 9 4
883

7 ,5 9 1
6 ,2 8 2
499
5 ,7 8 3
1 ,3 0 9

7 ,4 5 6
6 ,1 2 6
418
5 ,7 0 8
1 ,3 3 0

7 ,5 0 0
6 ,2 4 9
431
5 ,8 1 8
1 ,2 5 1

7 ,5 6 2
6 ,2 2 8
434
5 ,7 9 4
1 ,3 3 4

7 ,4 3 4
6 ,1 1 0
412
5 ,6 9 8
1 ,3 2 4

Man, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force...........................................
Employed.......................................................
Agriculture..................................................
Nonagricultural industries..........................
Unemployed....................................................
Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force ................... .................
Employed .......................................................
Agriculture..................................................
Nonagricultural industries..........................
Unemployed....................................................
Both sexes, 16-19 years

Civiliad labor force...........................................
Employed.......................................................
Agriculture................................................
Nonagricultural industries..........................
Unemployed....................................................

Table A-2:

Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)

Seasonally adjusted
Full- and part-time
employment status, sex,
and age

A p r.
1 971

A p r.
1 97 0

A p r.
1 97 1

M ar.
197 1

F eb.
1 97 1

Jan.
1971

D ec.
1 97 0

Apr.
1 97 0

Full time
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force........................................
Employed....................................................
Unemployed................................................•
Unemployment rate......................................

7 0 ,2 1 1
6 6 ,5 0 5
3 ,6 9 9
5 .3

6 9 ,2 5 5
6 6 ,4 6 7
2 ,7 8 7
4 .0

7 1 ,8 1 0
6 7 ,8 9 6
3 ,9 1 4
5 .5

' 7 1 ,3 5 1
6 7 ,4 1 0
3 ,9 4 1
5 .5

7 1 ,6 2 7
6 7 ,7 6 5
3 ,8 6 2
5 .4

7 1 ,7 1 0
6 7 ,7 6 6
3 ,9 4 4
5 .5

7 1 ,9 3 7
6 7 ,8 0 5
4 ,1 3 2
5 .7

7 0 ,8 0 8
67 r 8 3 0
2 ,9 7 8
4 .2

lien, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force.................................
Employed....................................................
Unemployed ................................................
Unemployment rate......................................

4 5 ,0 5 1
4 3 ,1 3 0
1 ,9 2 2
4 .3

4 4 ,5 6 5
4 3 ,1 8 3
1 ,3 8 1
3 .1

4 5 ,3 2 6
4 3 ,4 3 4
1 ,8 9 2
4 .2

4 5 ,0 5 5
4 3 ,2 1 7
1 ,8 3 8
4 .1

4 5 ,0 4 8
4 3 ,2 0 2
1 ,8 4 6
4 .1

4 5 ,1 3 8
4 3 ,2 7 2
1 ,8 6 6
4 .1

4 5 ,3 0 0
4 3 ,3 1 8
1 ,9 8 2
4 .4

4 4 ,8 4 6
4 3 ,4 8 7
1 ,3 5 9
3 .0

Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force........................................
Employed.................................... ............
Unemployed................................................
Unemployment rate . ....................................

2 2 ,2 7 6
2 1 ,0 0 3
1 ,2 7 3
5 .7

2 1 ,9 0 8
2 0 ,9 5 8
9 51
4 .3

2 2 ,4 4 8
2 1 ,1 3 0
1 ,3 1 8
5 .9

2 2 ,3 4 9
2 1 ,0 1 3
1 ,3 3 6
6 .0

2 2 ,5 9 9
2 1 ,3 3 1
1 ,2 6 8
5 .6

2 2 ,5 7 5
2 1 ,2 6 9
1 ,3 0 6
5 .8

2 2 ,5 1 2
2 1 ,1 9 1
1 ,3 2 1
5 .9

2 2 ,0 6 9
2 1 ,0 8 5
984
4 .5

1 2 ,6 8 7
1 1 ,6 9 2

1 2 ,7 0 6
1 1 ,9 4 0
7 65
6 .0

1 1 ,8 5 3
1 0 ,7 3 9
1 ,1 1 4
9 .4

1 2 ,0 9 2
1 1 ,0 3 8
1 ,0 5 4
8 .7

1 1 ,7 4 7
1 0 ,7 2 7
1 ,0 2 0
8 .7

1 2 ,2 9 1
1 1 ,1 5 6
1 ,1 3 5
9 .2

1 1 ,6 4 0
1 0 ,6 3 7
1 ,0 0 3
8 .6

1 1 ,8 3 1
1 0 ,9 7 6
855
7 .2

Fait time
Total, 16 yeara and over:
Civilian labor force........................................
Employed....................................................
Unemployed..................................................
Unemployment rate......................................

995
7 .8

NOTE: Persons on part-time schedules lor economic reasons are included in the full-time employed category; unemployed persons are allocated by whether seeking full- or
part-time work.




T able A-3:

M a j o r u n em plo ym en t indicato rs
(Persons 16 years and over)

Thousands o f persons
unemployed
A p r.
1971

A p r.
1 97 0

Seasonally adjusted rates o f unemployment
A p r.
1971

M a r.
1 97 1

F eb.
1971

Jan.
197 1

D ec.
1 97 0

A p r.
1 97 0

Total (a ll civilian w ork ers).....................................

4 ,6 9 4

3 ,5 5 2

6 .1

6 .0

5 .8

6 .0

6 .2

4 .7

Men, 20 years and over ......................................
Women, 20 years and o v e r ...................................
Both sexes, 16-19 y e a r s ......................................

2 ,0 7 0
1 ,5 9 3
1 ,0 3 0

1 ,4 9 8
1 ,1 7 1
883

4 .4
6 .0
1 7 .2

4 .2
5 .8
1 7 .8

4 .2
5 .6
1 6 .7

4 .3
5 .7
1 7 .6

4 .6
5 .8
1 7 .8

3 .2
4 .4
1 5 .3

W h ite ........................................................................
Negro and other r a c e s ........................................

3 ,8 4 4
849

2 ,8 6 1
691

5 .6
1 0 .0

5 .6
9 .4

5 .3
9 .6

5 .6
9 .5

5 .6
9 .5

4 .2
8 .3

Married men...................................................................
Full-time w o rk e r s.......................................................
Part-time w o rk e r s.......................................................
Unemployed 15 weeks and ov er1 .............................
State insured2 .............................................................
Labor force time lo s t5 ...............................................

1 ,2 5 9
3 ,6 9 9
995
1 ,4 6 6
2 ,3 2 3
--

9 41
2 ,7 8 7
765
772
1 ,7 6 7
--

3 .1
5 .5
9 .4
1 .3
3 .9
6 .4

3 .2
5 .5
8 .7
1 .3
* 3 .9
6 .5

3 .2
5 .4
8 .7
1 .3
3 .7
6 .3

3 .3
5 .5
9 .2
1 .3
3 .7
6 .4

3 .4
5 .7
8 .6
1 .3
4 .2
6 .4

2 .3
4 .2
7 .2
.7
3 .0
5 .0

1 ,2 9 5
284
133
6 39
2 39
2 ,1 7 6
5 19
1 ,2 2 0
436
667
58

967
182
93
499
1 93
1 ,6 7 2
397
940
3 35
471
67

3 .8
3 .3
. 1 .6
5 .2
4 .5
7 .4
4 .5
8 .6
1 0 .2
6 .3
1 .8

3 .7
3 .4
1 .7
4 .9
4 .4
7 .4
4 .9
8 .4
1 0 .0
6 .0
2 .2

3 .5
3 .3
1 .5
4 .7
3 .9
7 .4
4 .3
8 .4
1 1 .3
5 .9
3 .2

3 .5
3 .0
1 .5
4 .9
4 .1
7 .6
5 .1
8 .6
1 0 .6
6 .4
3 .2

3 .8
2 .9
1 .7
5 .3
5 .1
7 .8
5 .0
9 .0
1 1 .0
6 .2
3 .3

2 .8
2 .1
1 .2
3 .9
3 .9
5 .6
3 .5
6 .3
8 .6
4 .9
2 .0

3 ,7 3 7
428
1 ,4 2 9
869
560
181
9 25
764
293
83

2 ,8 1 3
3 65
1 ,0 1 8
6 02
415
165
696
' 5 45
2 19
76

6 .4
1 0 .9
6 .9
7 .3
6 .4
3 .3
6 .7
5 .3
2 .8
6 .5

6 .1
1 1 .0
6 .8
7 .1
6 .4
4 .0 ’
6 .2
4 .8
2 .6
9 .4

6 .4
1 1 .2
7 .2
7 .2
7 .1
4 .6
6 .1
5 .0
2 .9
9 .0

6 .6
1 1 .8
7 .6
8 .0
7 .2
4 .1
6 .7
4 .9
3 .0
9 .6

4 .8
8 .3
4 .7
4 .9
4 .6
3 .7
5 .3
3 .9
2 .1
5 .9

Occupation4
White-collar w o r k e r s .................................................
Professional and t e c h n ic a l....................... ..
Managers, officia ls, and p r o p r ie to rs...............
Clerical w orkers....................................................
Sales workers .......................................................
Blue-collar w ork ers....................................................
Craftsmen and forem en.........................................
Operatives .............................................................
Nonfarm laborers....................................................
Service w o r k e r s ..........................................................
Farm workers . .............................................................

Industry4
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers5 ......................................................................
C o n s tru ctio n ..........................................................
Manufacturing .......................................................
Durable goods ....................................................
Nondurable g o o d s ..............................................
Transportation and public u t il it i e s ..................
Wholesale and retail trade...................................
Finance and service in d u s t r ie s .......................
Government wage and salary workers.....................
Agricultural wage and salary w o r k e r s ..................

6 .3 '
9 .6
7 .0
7 .5
6 .3
4 .0
6 .5
5 .3
2 .8
6 .1

^Unemployment rate calculated as a percent of civilian labor force.

^Unemployment by occupation includes all experienced unemployed persons, whereas
that by industry covers only unemployed wage and salary workers.

^Insured unemployment under State programs—unemployment rate calculated as a percent
of average covered employment.

^Includes mining, not shown separately.

^Man-hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic reasons as a
percent of potentially available labor force man-hours.

Table A-4:

Unemployed persons 16 years and over by duration of unemployment
(In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted

Duration o f unemployment

A p r.
197 1

A p r.
1 97 0

A p r.
1 97 1

M ar.
1 971

Feb.

L ess than 5 w e e k s .......................................................
5 to 14 w e e k s ................................................................
15 weeks and o v e r .......................................................
15 to 26 w e e k s .........................................*.............
27 weeks and over . ............................................

1 ,8 8 2
1 ,3 4 6
1 ,4 6 6
9 48
5 18

1 ,8 3 6
9 44
772
537
235

2 ,2 7 6
1 ,5 6 0
1 ,0 7 1
6 41
430

2 ,1 1 6
1 ,6 4 9
1 ,1 0 7
6 51
456

Average (mean) duration, in w e e k s .......................

12.6

9 .5

1 0 .9

10.8




Jan.
1 97 1

Dec.

2 ,1 5 4
1 ,5 9 5
1 ,0 6 9
6 14
455

2 ,3 2 2
1 ,6 2 4
1 ,0 7 9
413

2 ,4 5 6
1 ,6 1 2
1 ,0 8 4
750
334

2 ,2 2 0
1 ,0 9 4
564
3 69
195

1 0 .4

1 0 .4

9 .7

8 .2

1 97 1

666

197 0

A p r.
197 0

Table

A -5:

U n e m p lo y e d

p e rso n s by rea son for u n e m p lo y m e n t

(Numbers in thousands)
S ea son a lly adjusted
Reason for unemployment

D ec.
1970

A p r.
197 0

2 ,2 8 1
643
1 ,4 9 7
644

2 ,5 3 6
6 14
1 ,4 7 2
5 94

1 ,5 7 8
5 52
1 ,1 8 6
5 25

1 0 0 .0
4 7 .4
1 3 .5
2 6 .9
1 2 .2

1 0 0 .0
4 5 .0
1 2 .7
2 9 .6
1 2 .7

1 0 0 .0
4 8 .6
1 1 .8
2 8 .2
1 1 .4

1 0 0 .0
4 1 .1
1 4 .4
3 0 .9
1 3 .7

2 .6

2 .7

2 .7

3 .0

1 .9

.7
1 .8
.8

.8
1 .6
.7

.8
1 .8
.8

.7
1 .8
.7

.7
1 .4
.6

F eb.
1971

M a r.
1 971

A p r.
197 1

A p r.
197 0

A p r.
197 1

2 ,4 1 3
557
1 ,2 3 2
491

1 ,6 6 9
507
1 ,0 0 1
3 75

2 ,2 8 1
606
1 ,4 6 0
688

2 ,1 8 5
594
1 ,5 3 7
678

2 ,2 8 8
652
1 ,2 9 6
5 89

1 0 0 .0
5 1 .5
1 1 .9
2 6 .3
1 0 .5

1 0 0 .0
4 7 .0
1 4 .3
2 8 .2
1 0 .5

1 0 0 .0
4 5 .3
1 2 .0
2 9 .0
1 3 .7

1 0 0 .0
4 3 ,8
1 1 .9
3 0 .8
1 3 .6

2 .9
.7
1 .5
.6

2 .1

2 .7
.7
1 .7
.8

Jan.
1971

Number of unemployed
L ost last j o b ................................................................
Left last j o b ................................................................
Reentered labor f o r c e ...............................................
Never worked b e f o r e ..................................................

Percent distribution
Total unem ployed............................................... ..
L eft last j o b ...........................................................
Reentered labor fo r c e ............................................
Never worked before...............................................

Unemployed os a percent of the
civilia n labor force
L ost last job . ................. ............................................
Left last j o b ................................................................
Reentered labor force.......................... .......................
Never worked b e f o r e ..................................................

.6
1 .2
.5

NOTE: Seasonally adjusted data fo r unemployed persons who never worked before have been changed as a r e s u lt o f a r e v is io n in the
seasonal adjustment procedures a ffe c t in g th is s e r ie s .

T a b le A - 6 :

T housa nds o f p erson s
A g e and se x

U n e m p lo y e d

P ercen t
look in g for
full-tim e
work

p e rs o n s b y a g e a n d sex

S ea son a lly a d ju sted unem ploym ent rates
A p r.
1971

Feb.
197 1

J a n ..

D ec.
1 97 0

A p r.
1 97 0

A p r.
1971

A p r.
1 97 0

T o ta l, 16 y ears and o v e r ...................................

4 ,6 9 4

3 ,5 5 2

7 8 .8

6 .1

6 .0

5 .8

6 .0

6 .2

4 .7

16 to 19 y e a r s .......................................................
16 and 17 y e a r s .............................................
18 and 19 y e a r s .............................................
20 to 24 y e a r s .......................................................
25 yea rs and o v e r .............................................
25 to 54 y e a r s ................................................
55 y ears and o v e r ..........................................

1 ,0 3 0
489
541
1 ,0 2 0
2 ,6 4 4
2 ,1 0 3
541

8 83
449
434
705
1 ,9 6 5
1 ,5 5 0
414

4 8 .9
2 9 .4
6 6 .7
8 7 .6
8 7 .0
8 9 .8
7 6 .0

1 7 .2
1 8 .3
1 5 .8
1 0 .4
4 .0 '
4 .2
3 .6

1 7 .8
1 8 .8
1 7 .2
1 0 .0
4 .0
4 .2
3 .3

1 6 .7
1 7 .4
1 6 .1
9 .4
3 .9
4 .0
3 .6

1 7 .6
2 0 .3
1 6 .0
9 .7
4 .0
4 .1
3 .6

1 7 .8
1 9 .8
1 6 .5
1 0 .2
4 .2
4 .4
3 .5

1 5 .3
1 7*2
1 3 .3
7 .7
3 .0
3 .1
2 .7

M ales, 16 y ea rs and o v e r ....................................

2 ,6 4 2

1 ,9 8 1

8 2 .8

5 .3

5 .3

5 .2

5 .4

5 .6

4 .1

16 to 19 y e a r s .......................................................
16 and 17 y e a r s .............................................
18 and 19 y e a r s .............................................
20 to 24 y e a r s .......................................................
25 y ea rs and o v e r .............................................
25 to 54 y e a r s ................................................
55 y ea rs and o v e r ..........................................

572
296
275
5 74
1 ,4 9 7
1 ,1 3 8
359

483
255
228
389
1 ,1 0 9
837
272

4 6 .5
3 0 .4
6 4 .4
9 0 .8
9 3 .6
9 6 .9
8 2 .7

1 6 .5
1 8 .5
1 4 .9
1 0 .5
3 .5
3 .4
3 .7

1 7 .0
1 8 .4
1 6 .0
1 0 .0
3 .4
3 .4
3 .5

1 6 .2
1 7 .3
1 5 .3
9 .7
3 .4
3 .2
3 .9

1 7 .6
1 9 .8
1 5 .7
1 0 .4
3 .5
3 .4
3 .8

1 7 .2
2 0 .0
1 5 .0
1 0 .9
3 .7
3 .6
3 .7

1 4 .6
1 6 .5
1 3 .1
7 .8
2 .6
2 .5
2 .7

F em a les, 16 y ea rs and o v e r .............................

2 ,0 5 2

1 ,5 7 1

7 3 .6

7 .3

7 .2

6 .8

6 .9

7 .1

5 .6

16 to 19 y e a r s .......................................................
16 and 17 y e a r s .............................................

459
193
266
447
1 ,1 4 7
965
182

400
1 94
206
3 16
856
7 14
142

5 1 .9
2 8 .0
6 9 .2
8 3 .4
7 8 .4
8 1 .2
6 3 .2

1 8 .2
1 7 .9
1 6 .9
1 0 .3
5 .0
5 .5
3 .4

1 8 .8
1 9 .4
1 8 .5
1 0 .1
5 .0
5 .6
3 .1

1 7 .2
1 7 .5
1 7 .0
9 .1
4 .8
5 .3
3 .1

1 7 .7
2 1 .0
1 6 .4
9 .0
4 .9
5 .2
3 .3

1 8 .6
1 9 .4
1 8 .2
9 .3
5 .1
5 .7
3 .1

1 6 .1
1 8 .0
1 3 .5
7 .6
3 .8
4 .1
2 .7

18 and 19 y e a r s ............................. ... . . . .
20 to 24 y e a r s .......................................................
25 y ea rs and o v e r .............................................
25 to 54 y e a r s ................................................
55 y ears and o v e r ..........................................




A p r.

1971

M ar.

197 1

1 97 1

T a b l e B -1 :

E m p l o y e e s on n o n a g r i c u l t u r a l p a y r o l l s , b y ind u str y,

(In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted

Change from
Industry

A Pr ’ p
1971p

M ar.
197 1 P

Feb.
1971

A pr.
197 0

Change from

A pr.
1 97 0

M ar.
197 1

Apr-197 l p

M ar.
197 1 p

Feb.
1971

M ar.
1971

TOTAL.......................................

7 0,376

69", 8 7 6

69,533

7 0 ,7 58

500

-3 82

70,7 19

7 0,6 62

70,590

57

G O O D S - P R O D U C I N G ......................

2 2,267

2 2,0 98

2 2,007

23, 529

169

- 1 , 2 62

22, 573

22, 559

2 2 ,5 49

14

M IN IN G ............................................

6 15

606

6 06

616

9

-1

621

622

623

-1

C O N T R ACT CO N STRU CT IO N ..........

3, 171

2, 9 58

2, 8 3 3

3, 28 6

213

-1 1 5

3, 3 0 7

3, 2 5 8

3, 198

49

M A N U F A C T U R IN G ...........................
P r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s .................

18,481
13,358

1 8,534
13,380

18,5 68
13, 4 0 4

19,627
14,240

-5 3
-2 2

- 1 , 146
-882

18,645
13, 5 0 3

18,679
13,502

1 8,728
13,5 43

-34
1

DU RA BL E G O O D S ................................
P r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s .................

10, 5 4 2

1 0,577

1 0,611

1 1,488

-35

-946

1 0,582

10,618

10,662

-36

7 ,5 5 9

7 ,5 6 9

7 , 6 01

8, 2 8 2

-1 0

-7 23

7, 592

7, 598

7 ,6 4 2

-6

Ordnance and a cce s s o rie s . . . . . .
Lumber and wood p rod u cts...............

201. 5
562. 8
448. 8
607. 7
1, 2 5 4 . 4
1, 3 0 2 . 7
1 ,8 0 7 .5
1, 7 8 3 . 2
1, 7 8 1 . 1
428. 3
398. 7

206. 2
558. 3
4 4 7 .5
604. 1
1, 2 5 2 . 6
1, 3 3 0 . 5
1 ,8 1 1 .9
1, 7 8 7 . 7
1 ,7 8 7 . 1
430. 9
394. 4

202
577
452
623

20 6
576
449
627

-3
2
1
0

1, 3 2 9 . 5
I , 402. 5
2 ,0 4 0 . 4
1, 9 5 9 . 1
1 ,9 2 8 .9
469. 1
421. 3

2 2.9
-1 7. 0
-2 5 .9
-2 8 .6
-1. 4
1. 8

-6 2. 0
-6 . 2
-1 4. 4
-20. 9
-7 4 .7
-7 69
-2 4 9 .9
-201. 8
-1 7 6 .4
-4 2. 2
-20. 8

199
579
453
623

Instruments and related products .
M iscellaneous manufacturing . . . .

19 8. 1
568. 3
448. 5
618. 9
1, 2 5 4 . 8
1, 3 2 5 . 6
1 ,7 9 0 .5
1 ,7 5 7 .3
1 ,7 5 2 .5
426. 9
400. 5

1, 2 4 9
1, 3 3 4
1, 7 8 3
1, 7 7 5
1 ,7 4 9
429
409

1, 2 5 3
1, 311
1, 7 9 7
1 ,7 9 4
1 ,7 6 9
429
41 1

1, 25 5
1, 337
1 ,8 0 5
1, 7 8 6
1 ,7 7 6
432
413

-4
23
-14
-1 9
-2 0
0
-2

NO ND U R A B L E G O O D S ............
P r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s .................

7, 9 3 9
5 ,7 9 9

7 , 95 7
5 , 81 1

7 , 9 57
5, 8 0 3

8 , 139'
5, 9 58

-18
-12

-200
-1 59

8, 063
5, 9 11

8 ,0 6 1
5, 904

8 ,0 6 6
5 ,9 0 1

2
7

Food and kindred p r o d u c t s ............
T ob a cco m a nufactures.....................
T extile mill p r o d u c t s ......................

1, 6 8 8 . 4
65. 2
940. 1
1, 3 8 4 . 5
683. 6
1 ,0 8 7 .9
1, 0 2 9 . 3

2
4
6
4
2
9
8

-3 . 4
-2. 4
1. 6
-6 .8
-3 .9
-4. 0
1. 7

-3 3. 8
-6 .2
-3 4. 5
2. 1
-3 0. 6
-2 2 .0
-3 4 .5

1, 7 7 7
74
941
1, 3 8 4
694
1 ,0 9 3
1, 0 3 0

1 ,7 8 4
76
946
1, 371
695
1 ,0 9 6
1, 0 3 6

-7
0
3
12
-3
-4
-2

190. 4
580. 8
3 29 . 1

1. 1
-2. 2
. 4

-1. 1
-2 5 .9
-1 3 .6

1, 7 7 0
74
944
1, 3 96
691
1, 0 8 9
1, 0 2 8
1 92
559
3 20

192
560
316

19 2
555
31 5

0
-1
4

Stone, clay , and g la ss products . .
Primary metal in d u s t r ie s ...............
Fabricated metal products...............
Machinery, except electrica l . . . .
Electrical equipment .........................
Transportation equipm ent................

Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied p rod u cts...............
Printing and p u b lis h in g ..................
Chem icals and allied products . . .
Petroleum and coal products . . . .
Rubber and pla stics products, nec
Leather and leather products . . . .

189- 3
5 5 4 .9
315. 5

1, 6 9 1 . 8 1 , 6 9 6 . 9
7 3. 0
67. 6
9 39.6
938. 5
1, 3 9 1 . 3 1, 3 7 6 , 9
687. 5
689. 4
1 ,0 9 1 .9 1 ,0 9 3 . 2
1 ,0 2 7 .6 1 ,0 2 9 .7
1 88 . 2
557. 1
315. 1

1 87 . 7
553. 0
317. 2

260. 1
574. 5
462. 9
639.8

1, 7 2 2 .
71.
974.
1, 3 82 .
714.
1, 1 09 .
1 ,0 6 3.

-3.
5.
■ -.
11.
.

4
5
3
2
4

S E R V I C E - P R O D U C I N G ....................

4 8 ,1 09

4 7 ,7 78

4 7,526

4 7 ,2 2 9

331

880

4 8 , 146

48,103

4 8 ,0 4 1

43

TRAN SPO RTATIO N AND P U B LIC
U T I L I T I E S .................... ................

4, 4 4 5

4 ,4 5 8

4, 444

4 ,4 3 2

-13

13

4 , 4 81

4 , 5 17

4, 521

-3 6

W HO LESALE AND R E T A IL TR A D E .

15,0 03

14,822

1 4,757

1 4,818

181

185

15,1 43

15,142

15,141

1

WHOLESALE T R A D E .............
RETAIL T R A D E .................

3, 8 2 8
11, 175

3, 8 3 3
10,9 89

3 ,8 2 5
1 0,932

3, 8 0 3
11,015

-5
186

25
160

3, 8 7 8
11,2 65

3, 8 8 3
1 1,259

3 ,8 7 1
1 1,270

-5
6

FIN AN CE , INSURANCE, AND
R E A L E S T A T E • ............................

3, 7 6 4

3, 7 2 7

3 ,7 0 8

3 ,6 5 8

37

106

3, 7 7 9

3 ,7 5 3

3, 7 4 5

26

S E R V I C E S ........................................

11, 79 1

11, 70 1

11,6 08

11,564

90

227

11,791

11,807

11,7 85

-1 6

G O V E R N M E N T ................................ '

13,106

1 3,070

1 3,009

12,757

36

34 9

1 2,952

12,8 84

1 2,849

68

F E OE RA L .....................

2 ,6 6 8

2 ,6 4 9

2 ,6 4 6

2 ,8 3 8

19

-170

2 ,6 6 8

2 ,6 5 7

2 ,6 5 9

11

STATE AN D L O C A L .............

1 0,438

10,421

1 0,363

9 ,9 1 9

17

519

1 0,284

1 0 , 22 7

10,190

57

p = preliminary.




T a b l e B-2:

A v e r a g e w e e k ly hours of p ro d u ctio n or n o n su p e rv iso ry w o rk e rs
on p riv a te n o n a g ric u ltu ra l p a y r o lls , by in d u stry

Seasonal ly adjusted

Change from
Industry

197 l p

M ar.
197 1P

Feb.
1971

Apr.
1 97 0

M ar.
1971

Apr.
1 97 0

A p rp

19 7 l p

M ar.
197 l p

Feb.
1971

Change from

M ar.
1971

TOTAL PRIVATE.....................

36. 8

3 6 .8

36. 6

36. 9

0. 0

-0 . 1

37 . 1

37. 0

36.9

0. 1

U IM IM C.......................................................

42. 3

42. 1

41. 9

43. 1

. 2

-. 8

42. 3

42. 9

42. 7

-.6

C O N T R ACT CO N STRU CT IO N ............

37. 1

3 7. 1

35. 5

37. 9

0

8

37. 5

37. 9

36.8

-.4

M A N U F A C T U R IN G .................................

3 9.5
2. 6

39. 7
2. 7

39.4
2. 7

39. 7
2. 8

-. 2

-. 2

2

39. 8
2. 8

39.9
2 .8

3 9.5
2 .9

-. 1

-. 1

40. 1
2. 5

4 0 .4
2. 7

3 9. 9
2. 6

40. 2
2. 8

3
-. 2

-. 1
-. 3

40. 3
2. 7

40. 5
2 .8

40. 1
2 .8

-. 2
-. 1

41. 2
40. 1
38. 6
4 1 .4
41. 0
3 9.9
40. 0
3 9.4
40. 5
39. 3
38.4

41. 8
40. 1
3 9.4
4 1.4
40. 8
40. 0

40.
39.
38.
41.
40.
40.

8
8
7
5
4
6

-. 6
0
-. 8

.
-.
-.
.

.4
3
1
1
6
1

41.
40.
39.
41.
40.
40.

5
1
2
5
7
2

42. 1
40. 1
39. 7
4 1.9
40. 7
40. 3

41. 7
40. 1
39.3
4 1 .4
40. 6
40. 2

-.6
0
-. 5
-.4
0
-. 1

40. 5
39. 7
41. 3
3 9 .7
3 8.8

41. 2
39.4
38. 7
40. 6
40. 5
39. 8
40. 1
39. 2
40. 8
39. 3
38 . 0

4 1 .4
39. 6
39. 2
40. 3
3 8.8

-. 5
-. 3

8
-.4
-.4

-1 .4
-. 2
1. 3
- 1. 0
-. 4

40.
3 9.
41.
39.
38.

0
8
0
5
6

40. 2
3 9. 8
4 1 .8
39.7
38.8

40. 1
3 9.2
41. 5
3 9 .3
37. 8

-. 2
0
-.8
-. 2
-. 2

38 . 8
2 .6

3 8 .9
2. 7

38. 7
2. 7

3 9 . 0,
2. 8

-. 1

-. 2
-. 2

39 . 2
2. 8

39. 1
2 .9

3 8 .9
2 .9

. 1
-. 1

39 .
37.
40.
35.
41.
3 7.
41.
42.
40.
3 7.

7
2
1
0
7
2
9
6
1
0

39. 9
36. 8
40. 3
35. 3
41. 6
37. 5
4 1 .4
41. 8
3 9.9
3 7. 1

40. 0
3 5.7
40. 0
3 4. 7
4 1.4
37 . 1
41. 3
42. 3
39.6
36. 9

3 9 .9
37. 1
3 9 .9
35. 4
41. 7
37. 7
41. 6
42. 2
40. 3
36. 3

2
1
2
4

. 2
-. 1

4 0 .4
37.9
4 0 .4
35. 1
4 1 .8
37. 5
4 1 .4
42. 2
40. 2
37.4

4 0 .7
36. 1
40. 1
34. 7
4 1 .8
37. 3
41. 5
43. 3
40. 0
3 6 . fr'

0

3
4
2
7

4 0 .4
38.4
40. 8
35. 1
42. 1
37 . 4
41. 7
42. 3
40. 5
38 . 1

TR AN SPO RTATIO N AND P U B L IC
u t i l i t i e s .....................................

40. 2

40. 1

40. 1

39. 8

. 1

. 4

40. 6

40. 5

40. 3

. 1

W H O LESALE AND R E T A IL T R A D E .

3 4. 9

34. 7

3 4. 6

3 4 .9

. 2

35 . 3

35. 0

35. 0

. 3

WHOLESALE TRADE ••• •• *• •• •• •

39. 4
3 3. 4

39. 5
33. 2

39. 4
33 . 1

39 . 9
33. 3

1
. 2

39. 6
3 3. 8

39. 6
33. 6

39. 6
33. 5

0

RETAIL T R A D E ...................... ...............

FIN AN CE, INSURANCE, AND
r e a l e s t a t e ..............................

36.9

3 6.9

36. 8

36.9

0

36.9

3 6.9

36. 8

0

S E R V I C E S ......................... ..............

3 4. 1

34. 0

34. 1

34 . 3

-. 2

34. 2

34.0

34. 2

Lumber and wood products . . . . .
Stone, cla y , and g la ss products . .

Machinery, except electrica l . . . .
p lfC ffira 1 «»(|i]ipm^nr . . . . . . . . .
Transportation equipment . . . . . .
Instruments and related products .
M iscellaneous manufacturing. . . .

NONDURAoLc OOUD5 •••••••••••

0 criimc h o u r s
ftnr)

pfndurf c ............

T ob a cco manufactures • • • • • • • •
Te*T*le mill produrrs . . . . . . . . .
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied p rod u cts............ ...
Printing and p u b lis h in g ..................
C hem icals and a llied p rod u cts. . .
Petroleum and coa l products . . . .
Rubber and p la stics products, nec
Leather and leather products,. . . .

0
. 2

1

1
2
. 4
-. 2

3
. 1
3
. 5
. 8

0

. 1

-.
.
.
-.

0
-. 5
.
.
-.
.

0

5
. 1

*Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing: to construction workers in contract construction: and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths o f the total employment on private
nonagricultural payrolls,
p - preliminary.




0

. 5

.4
0
. 3
-.
.
.
.
.

1
3
1
3
7

. 2

. 2

T a b l e B-3:

A v e r a g e ho u rly a n d w e e k ly e a rn in g s o f p ro d u c tio n or n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s
on p r iv a t e n o n a g r ic u lt u r a l p a y r o lls , by in d u s try

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Industry

1 9 7 1P

Feb.
1971

........

$3. 39

$3. 37

$3. 35

$ 3. 18

$0 . 02

M IN IN G ..........................................

4 . 04

4 . 00

4 . 00

3. 79

. 04

C O N T RACT CO N STRU CT IO N -------

5. 54

5. 51

5. 53

5. 09

M A N U F A C T U R IN G .........................

3. 54

3. 52

3. 51

DU RA BL E G O O D S ..............

3. 77

3. 75

Instruments and related products
M iscellaneous manufacturing. . .

3. 79
3. 10
2. 85
3 .5 8
4 . 19
3. 69
3. 94
3. 47
4. 44
3. 50
2 . 96

NO N D U R A B L E G O O D S ...........

TOTAL PRIVATE..........

Ordnance and a cce s s o rie s .............
Lumber and wood prod u cts............
Furniture and fi x t u r e s ..................
Scone, cla y , and g la ss products .
Primary metal in d u s t r ie s ............

E lectrical equipm ent......................
Transportation equipm ent............

Food and kindred products . . . .
T ob a cco m anufactures..................
T extile mill produ cts......................
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied p rodu cts............
Printing and p u b lis h in g ...............
Chem icals and allied produ cts. .
Petroleum and coa l products . . .
Rubber and pla stics products, nec
Leather and leather products . . .

A pr.
1970

Change from

M ar.
1 9 7 1P

A p r.

M ar.
197 1

Apr.
1 97 0

Apr.
1 9 7 1P

M ar.
1 9 7 1P

Feb.
1971

A pr.
1970

Change from

M ar.
1971

Apr.
1970

$0. 21 $ 1 2 4 . 7 5

$ 12 4 .0 2

$ 1 2 2 .6 1

$ 1 1 7 .3 4

$0 . 73

$ 7.41

. 25

1 70.89

168.40

167 .60

1 63.35

2. 4 9

7. 54

. 03

.4 5

205.53

2 04 .42

1 96.32

192.91

1. 11

12. 62

3. 32

. 02

. 22

1 39.83

139.74

138.29

131 .80

.0 9

8 . 03

3. 74

3. 52

. 02

. 25

1 51 . 18

1 51.50

1 49.23

14 1 . 50

- . 32

9. 68

3. 77
3. 07
2 .8 5
3. 57
4 . 13
3 .6 6
3 .9 3
3 .4 7
4 . 43
3 .4 7
2 .9 3

3. 77
3. 06
2 . 84
3. 55
4 . 10
3. 67
3 .9 0
3 .4 4
4. 45
3 .4 6
2 .9 4

3.
2.
2.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
4.
3.
2.

. 02
.0 3

.21
. 22
. 12
. 23
. 32
. 19
. 19
. 23
.4 4
. 21
. 16

1 56 . 15
124.31
1 10 .01
1 48 .21
171.79
1 47.23
1 57 .60
1 36.72
179.82
137.55
113.66

1 57.59
1 23 . 11
1 12.29
1 47.80
168 .50
1 46 .40
1 59 . 17
137.76
1 82.96
1 37.76.
1 13.68

155.32
1 20 . 56
109.91
144.13
166.05
146.07
156.39
1 34.85
1 81.56
1 35.98
1 11 .72

1 46.06
114 .62
1 05.65
1 39.03
156.35
1 42 . 10
155.25
1 28.30
156 .80
132.59
108.64

-1 .4 4
1. 20
- 2 . 28
.41
3 .2 9
.8 3
- 1 . 57
- 1 . 04
- 3 . 14
- . 21
- . 02

10. 09
9 .6 9
4 . 36
9 . 18
15.4 4
5. 13
2 .3 5
8 .4 2
2 3 . 02
4 . 96
5. 02

3. 23

3. 21

3. 20

3. 04

. 02

. 19

125 .32

124.87

1 23.84

118 .56

3.
3.
2.
2.
3.
4.
3.
4.
3.
2.

3. 34
3. 12
2. 55
2. 48
3. 59
4 . 09
3. 8 4
4 .4 8
3. 32
2. 59

3. 33
3. 02
2. 54
2. 48
3. 58
4 . 08
3 .8 4
4 .4 8
3. 32
2 . 58

3. 12
2 .9 8
2 .4 2
2. 37
3. 37
3. 85
3 .6 1
4 . 26
3. 16
2. 48

.0 4
. 14 .
-.0 1
- . 01
.0 2
.0 3
. 04
. 10
. 04
- . 02

. 26
. 28
. 12
. 10
.2 4
. 27
. 27
. 32
. 20
. 09

1 34.19
1 21.27
1 01.85
8 6 . 54
15 0 . 54
1 53.26
1 62.57
195.11
134.74
9 5 .0 9

1 33.27
1 14.82
102.77
8 7 . 54
1 49.34
153.38
158.98
1 87.26
1 32.47
9 6 . 09

1 33.20
107.81
1 01.60
8 6 . 06
148.21
15 1 . 37
1 58.59
189 .50
1 31.47
9 5 . 20

124 .49
110.56
9 6 . 50
8 3.9 0
1 4 0 . 53
145.15
1 50.18
179.77
127.35
9 0 . 02

.9 2
6 .4 5
- . 92
- 1 . 00
1. 2 0
- . 12
3 .5 9
7 .8 5

9. 70
10. 71
5 .2 9
2 .6 4
10. 01
8 . 11
12. 39
15. 34

2. 27
- 1 . 00

7 . 39
5. 07

38
26
54
47
61
12
88
58
36
57

58
88
73
35
87
50
75
24
00
29
80

0
.
.
.
.

01
06
03
01

0
. 01
. 03
. 03

.4 5 ;

6 . 76

TRAN SPO RTATIO N AND P U B L IC
U T I L I T I E S ...................................

4 .'0 4

4 . 01

4 . 03

3. 75

.0 3

. 29

162.41

1 60 . 8 0

161 .60

149.25

1. 61

13. 16

W HO LESALE AND R E T A IL T R AD E

2. 84

2 .8 3

2. 83

2. 69

. 01

. 15

9 9 . 12

9 8 . 20

9 7.9 2

93.8 8

.9 2

5 . 24

WHOLESALE TRAD E ............
RETAIL T R A D E ................

3. 6 2
2 . 55

3 .5 9
2. 54

3 .5 9
2. 54

3 .4 0
2 .4 1

. 03
. 01

. 22
. 14

1 42.63
8 5 . 17

141.81
8 4 . 33

1 41 . 45
8 4 . 07

135 .66
8 0 . 25

. 82
. 84

6. 97
4 .9 2

FIN AN CE. INSURANCE, AND
R E A L E S T A T E ...........................

3. 24

3. 24

3. 23

3. 03

.2 1

119.56

1 19.56

118.86

1 11.81

S E R V I C E S ...........................

3. 01

3. 00

3. 00

2 .7 9

. 22

102 .64

102 .00

102.30

95. 70

lootivolc 1, ta b le B -2.
p * p re lim in a ry .




...

0

. 01

0

7 .7 5

.6 4

6. 94

_

EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT-HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

2. AOULT MEN

1. ALL CIVILIAN WORKERS
EMPLOYMENT J N

EMPLOYMENT

THOUSANDS

IN THOUSANDS
47S00

45000

42500

3. AOULT WOMEN
EMPLOYMENT

EMPLOYMENT

IN THOUSANDS

IN THOUSANDS

2*7500

20000

17500

5. ALL CIVILIAN WORKERS
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

6. ADULT MEN
UNEMPLOYMENT R~ATE
6 .0

5 .0

4*0

3 .0

2 .0

1.0
7. AOULT WOMEN
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE




8. TEENAGERS
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

UNEMPLOYMENT-HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

10. NEGRO ANO OTHER RACES

9. WHITE WORKERS

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

12. PART-TIME WORKERS

11. FULL-TIME WORKERS

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
7 .0

2.0

14. JOB LEAVERS
UNEMPLOYMENT

IN THOUSANDS

UNEMPLOYMENT

15. REENTRANTS
UNEMPLOYMENT




IN THOUSANDS

IN THOUSANDS

16. NEW ENTRANTS
UNEMPLOYMENT

IN THOUSANOS

EMPLOYMENT AND HOURS-ESTABLISHMENT SURVEY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

17. TOTAL NONAGRICULTURE
EMPLOYMENT

1 8 . TOTAL P R I V A T E
PRODUCTION OR NONSUPERVISORY WORKERS
AVERA6E WEEKLY HOURS

IN THOUSANDS

7S00Q r*

75000

70000

70000

6S000

65000

60000

60000

SS000

55000

3 9 .S r
3 9 .0 -

50000

1862

1889

1864

1865

1866

1867

1866

1868

50000

1870

3 8 .0

3 6 .0

19. GOOQS-PROQUCING INDUSTRIES
EMPLOYMENT

20. SERVICE-PROOUCING INDUSTRIES
EMPLOYMENT

IN THOUSANOS
25000

24000

24000

23000

23000

22000

22000

21000

21000

20000

20000

19000

1865

1866

1867

1866

19000

1868

IN THOUSANOS

55000 r

65000

50000 -

50000

45000

45000

40000

40000

35000

35000

30000

21 . MANUFACTURING
EMPLOYMENT

22. MANUFACTURING
PRODUCTION WORKERS
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

IN THOUSANOS
21000

- 4 1 .5

20000

20000

-

- 4 1 .0
19000 -

19000

18000 ~

18000

17000 -

17000

- 4 0 .5
4 0 .0

3 9 .0

160 0 0

1862
N OTE:

1869

1864

1865

1867

1866

1868

1870

1871

1 6 000

1862

Data for the two most recent months on charts 17-22 are preliminary.




1869

1864

1865

1866

1867

1866