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S C IE N T IF IC A N D

document collection

T E C H N IC A L

P E R S O N N E L IN
S T A T E G O V E R N M E N T A G E N C IE S ,




1 9 6 2

Bulletin N o . 1412

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard Wirtz, Se cretary
B U R E A U O F L A B O R STATISTICS
E w a n Clague, C ommissioner




Em ploym ent of
S C IE N T IF IC AND T E C H N IC A L
PER SO N N EL IN
ST A T E GOVERNM ENT A G EN CIES,




1962

Bulletin No. 1412
June 1964

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 50 cents




PREFACE
T h i s b u l l e t i n s u m m a r i z e s the f i n d i n g s of a s u r v e y m a d e
b y t h e B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s o f t h e U . S . D e p a r t m e n t o f
L a b o r t o o b t a i n i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h e e m p l o y m e n t of s c i e n t i f i c
and t e c h n i c a l p e r s o n n e l by S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t a g e n c i e s in
J a n u a r y 1962.
T h e s u r v e y w a s t h e s e c o n d of i t s k i n d , t he
f i r s t h a v i n g b e e n m a d e b y the B u r e a u f or the N a t i o n a l S c i e n c e
F o u n d a t i o n as o f J a n u a r y 1 9 5 9 .
These surveys represent a
series c overing e m p l o y m e n t of s c i e n t i f i c and technical p e r ­
s o n n e l i n a l l s e c t o r s of t h e e c o n o m y .
Related surveys
c o n d u c t e d b y the B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s c o v e r s u c h e m ­
p l o y m e n t in p r i v a t e industry, local g o v e r n m e n t s , and n o n p r o f i t
organizations.
Sci e n t i f i c and technical e m p l oyment in colleges
a n d u n i v e r s i t i e s a n d i n t h e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t is s u r v e y e d b y
ot h e r U.S. G o v e r n m e n t agencies.




i n

The present survey covered virtually all State agencies,
e x c e p t e d u c a t i o n a l i n s t i t u t i o n s , e m p l o y i n g p e r s o n s w o r k i n g as
s c i e n t i s t s , e n g i n e e r s , or t e c h n i c i a n s .
T h e r e s p o n s e to t h e
s u r v e y w a s e x c e l l e n t , w i t h a b o u t 98 p e r c e n t o f the 1 , 6 7 0
agencies contacted providing usable information, but certain
p r o b l e m s t e n d to l i m i t t h e c o m p a r a b i l i t y of d a t a o b t a i n e d f r o m
i n d i v i d u a l S t a t e s and to m a k e i n t e r s t a t e c o m p a r i s o n s d i f f i c u l t
to i n t e r p r e t .
As in all o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t s u r v e y s , d e f i ­
n i t i o n s of i m p o r t a n t i t e m s u n d o u b t e d l y w e r e i n t e r p r e t e d d i f ­
f e r e n t l y by the v a r i o u s a g e n c y o f f i c i a l s .
More importantly,
the f u n c t i o n s p e r f o r m e d a n d t h e o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e s d i f f e r
f r o m S t a t e to S t a t e .
( F o r a m o r e d e t a i l e d d i s c u s s i o n of d e f i n i ­
t i o n a l a n d t e c h n i c a l p r o b l e m s s e e A p p e n d i x B, S c o p e a n d M e t h o d
of S u r v e y .)
The d a t a c o l l e c t e d provide d e t a i l e d information, by o c c u ­
p ation, on the s c i e n t i f i c and t e c h n i c a l p e r s o n n e l e m p l o y e d b y
S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s , a n d t h e f u n c t i o n s t h e y p e r f o r m e d in S t a t e
a g e n c i e s o f d i f f e r e n t t y p e s , as of J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 .
They also
p r o v i d e t h e b a s i s f o r a c o m p a r i s o n of s c i e n t i f i c a n d t e c h n i c a l
e m p l o y m e n t i n S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s w i t h d a t a c o l l e c t e d i n an
e a r l i e r survey. P art I of t h e r e p o r t s u m m a r i z e s the f i n d i n g s
of t h e 1 9 6 2 s u r v e y ; P a r t II is d e v o t e d t o a c o n s i d e r a t i o n o f
t h e c h a n g e s in e m p l o y m e n t b e t w e e n J a n u a r y 1 9 5 9 a n d J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 .
T h e 1 9 6 2 s u r v e y w a s c a r r i e d o u t a n d t h e r e p o r t p r e p a r e d in
the B u r e a u ' s D i v i s i o n of O c c u p a t i o n a l E m p l o y m e n t S t a t i s t i c s ,
C o r a E. T a y l o r , C h i e f , u n d e r t h e g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n of H a r o l d
G o l d s t e i n , A s s i s t a n t C o m m i s s i o n e r f o r M a n p o w e r and E m p l o y m e n t
Statistics.
W i l l i a m L. C o p e l a n d h a d s u p e r v i s o r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y
f o r the p r o j e c t a n d p r e p a r e d t h e r e p o r t w i t h t h e a s s i s t a n c e of
Jack Golomb.




IV

CONTENTS
Page

P r e f a c e ------------------------------------------------------------------------S u m m a r y o f f i n d i n g s --------------------------------------------------------P a r t I. E m p l o y m e n t of s c i e n t i f i c a n d t e c h n i c a l p e r s o n n e l ,
J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ---E n g i n e e r s -------------------------------------------------------------------S c i e n t i s t s ------------------------------------------------------------------L i f e s c i e n t i s t s --------------------------------------------------------P h y s i c a l s c i e n t i s t s --------------------------------P s y c h o l o g i s t s -----------------------------------------------------------D e g r e e s h e l d b y s c i e n t i s t s ------------------------------------------T e c h n i c i a n s -----------------------------------------------------------------P a r t II. C h a n g e s in s c i e n t i f i c a n d t e c h n i c a l e m p l o y m e n t ,
1 9 5 9 t o 1 9 6 2 ----------------------------------------------------------------

iii
1
3
7
10
10
12
15
15
16
19

Appendices:
A.
B.
C.

S t a t i s t i c a l t a b l e s ------------------------------------------------------S c o p e a n d m e t h o d o f s u r v e y -------------------------------------------Q u e s t i o n n a i r e a n d c o v e r i n g l e t t e r s ----------------------------------

Text
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

25
63
69

tables:

O c c u p a t i o n a l d i s t r i b u t i o n o f s c i e n t i f i c and t e c h n i c a l
p e r s o n n e l e m p l o y e d by S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s ,
J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -----E n g i n e e r s e m p l o y e d by S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s , b y t y p e o f a g e n c y ,
J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -----------------------------------------------------------L i f e s c i e n t i s t s e m p l o y e d b y S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s , b y t y p e of
a g e n c y , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -------------------------------------------------Phys i c a l s c i e ntists e m p l o y e d by State governments, by type
of a g e n c y , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ---------------------------------------------Scientists employed by State governments, by highest degree
held and type of agency,
J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 --------------------------S c i e n t i s t s h o l d i n g h e a l t h d e g r e e s , b y t y p e of d e g r e e a n d
State g o v e rnment agency,
J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 --------------------------T e c h n i c i a n s e m p l o y e d b y S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t s , b y t y p e o f agency,
J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -----------------------------------------------------------C h a n g e in S t a t e g o v e r n m e n t e m p l o y m e n t , J a n u a r y 1 9 5 9 to
J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -----------------------------------------------------------C h a n g e in e m p l o y m e n t of s c i e n t i f i c a n d t e c h n i c a l p e r s o n n e l
in State governments, by o c c u p a t i o n a l group, January 1959
a n d J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -------------------------------------------------------




v

6
9
11
13
17
17
18
22

23

CONTENTS--Continued
Page
Appendix
AAAAAAAAA-

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

A-10.
A-ll.
A-12.
A-13.
A-14.
A-15.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.
A-21.

tables:

E n g i n e e r s , s c i e n t i s t s , a n d t e c h n i c i a n s , b y ty p e of
a g e n c y a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ------------------------------E n g i n e e r s , b y t y p e o f a g e n c y a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -----E n g i n e e r s in a l l a g e n c i e s , b y o c c u p a t i o n a n d S t a t e ,
J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ------------------------------------------------------E n g i n e e r s in h i g h w a y a g e n c i e s , by o c c u p a t i o n a n d S t a t e ,
J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ------------------------------------------------------E n g i n e e r s in p u b l i c w o r k s a g e n c i e s (except hi g h w a y ) , by
o c c u p a t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -------------------------E n g i n e e r s in h e a l t h a n d w e l f a r e a g e n c i e s , b y o c c u p a t i o n
a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ---------------------------------------E n g i n e e r s in a g r i c u l t u r e a n d c o n s e r v a t i o n a g e n c i e s , b y
o c c u p a t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -------------------------E n g i n e e r s in all a g e ncies, by p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n and State,
J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 - - - ---------------------------------------------------E n g i n e e r s in h i g h w a y a g e n c i e s , b v p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n and
S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ---------------------------------------------Engineers in public works agencies (except highway), by
p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -----------------E n g i n e e r s in h e a l t h a n d w e l f a r e agencies, by p r i m a r y
f u n c t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ---------------------------Engin e e r s in agriculture and c o n s e r v a t i o n agencies, by
p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -----------------E n g i n e e r s in a l l a g e n c i e s , b y p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n a n d
o c c u p a t i o n , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 --------------------------------------E n g i n e e r s in h i g h w a y age n c i e s , by p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n and
o c c u p a t i o n , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 --------------------------------------E n g i n e e r s in p u b l i c w o r k s a g e n c i e s ( e x c e p t h i g h w a y ) , by
p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n a n d o c c u p a t i o n , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ----------E n g i n e e r s in h e a l t h and w e l f a r e a g e n c i e s , b y p r i m a r y
f u n c t i o n a n d o c c u p a t i o n , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ---------------------E n g i n e e r s in a g r i c u l t u r e and c o n s e r v a t i o n a g e n c i e s , by
p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n a n d o c c u p a t i o n , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ----------S c i e n t i s t s in all a g e n c i e s , b y t y p e of a g e n c y a n d S t a t e ,
J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ---------------------------------------- --------------S c i e n t i s t s in all a g e n c i e s , b y o c c u p a t i o n and S t a t e ,
J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ------------------------------------------------------S c i e n t i s t s in h i g h w a y and p u b l i c w o r k s a g e n c i e s , by
o c c u p a t i o n a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 -------------------------S c i e n t i s t s in h e a l t h a n d w e l f a r e age n c i e s , by o c c u p a t i o n
a n d S t a t e , J a n u a r y 1 9 6 2 ----------------------------------------




vi

26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
38
39
39
40
41
42
43
44

CONTENTS--Continued
Page
Appendix tables--Continued
A-22. Scientists in agriculture and conservation agencies, by
occupation and State, January 1962------------------A-23. Scientists in all agencies, by primary function and State,
January 1962----------------------------------------A-24. Scientists in highway and public works agencies, by
primary function and State, January 1962------------A-25. Scientists in health and welfare agencies, by primary
function and State, January 1962--------------------A-26. Scientists in agriculture and conservation agencies, by
primary function and State, January 1962------------A-27. Scientists in all agencies, by primary function and
occupation, January 1962----------------------------A-28. Scientists in highway agencies, by primary function and
occupation, January 1962----------------------------A-29. Scientists in public works agencies (except highway), by
primary function and occupation, January 1962--------A-30. Scientists in health and welfare agencies, by primary
function and occupation, January 1962-- 1------------A-31. Scientists in agriculture and conservation agencies, by
primary function and occupation, January 1962--------A-32. Scientists in all agencies, by highest academic degree
and State, January 1962-----------------------------A-33. Scientists with health degrees, by type of degree and
State, January 1962---------------------------------A-34. Technicians, by type of agency and State, January 1962—
A-35. Technicians in all agencies, by occupation and State,
January 1962----------------------------------------A-36. Technicians in highway agencies, by occupation and
State, January 1962---------------------------------A-37. Technicians in public works agencies (except highway),
by occupation and State, January 1962---------------A-38. Technicians in health and welfare agencies, by occupation
and State, January 1962-----------------------------A-39. Technicians in physical health agencies, by occupation
and State, January 1962-----------------------------A-40. Technicians in agriculture and conservation agencies,
by occupation and State, January 1962---------------A-41. Technicians, scientists and engineers, and ratio of
technicians to scientists and engineers, by type of
agency, January 1962---------------------------------




vii

45
46
47
48
49
50
50
51
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62




1

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
Approximately 48,000 scientists and engineers and 55,500
technicians were employed by agencies within the 50 State
governments in January 1962. Altogether, these workers
accounted for slightly more than 9 percent of all State em­
ployees outside State educational institutions. From January
1959 to January 1962, their employment increased nearly 20
percent, growing twice as fast as total State government
employment over the period.
Of the approximately 34,000 engineers, about 88 percent
were civil engineers--most of whom were employed by highway
and public works agencies, combined. Employment of engineers
increased at a slightly higher rate, between 1959 and 1962,
than employment of either scientists or technicians.
Nearly three-fourths of the approximately 14,000 scientists
employed by State agencies were in the life science fields-biological, agricultural, and medical. About 43 percent of the
4,514 biological scientists worked in fish and game agencies
and 36 percent were in agencies concerned with physical health.
The 4,073 agricultural scientists were concentrated in agencies
concerned with natural resources (54 percent) and in agriculture
agencies (42 percent). Medical scientists, numbering 1,930 were
employed primarily in physical health agencies (65 percent) and
secondarily in mental health agencies (22 percent).
The remaining scientists--accounting for one-fourth of all
scientific personnel--were chemists (1,381), geologists and
geophysicists (898), psychologists (517), mathematicians (448),
and a group of unclassified scientists (274))
One scientist in every 4 was reported to hold an advanced
degree; about 6 percent held the doctorate. Persons whose
highest degree was a bachelor’s or first professional degree
comprised about 60 percent of all scientists. Approximately
14 percent of the scientists had no degree. More than 2,600
scientists held a professional health degree; of these 70
percent were doctors of medicine (M.D.) or doctors of veteri­
nary medicine (D.V.M.).




2

Slightly more than one-half of the 55,500 technicians
employed by State government agencies in January 1962 were
classified as engineering technicians, about 22 percent as
surveyors, 12 percent as draftsmen, and 10 percent as medi­
cal, agricultural and biological technicians. The remainder
(less than 5 percent) included about 1,000 physical science
aids and about 1,500 technicians who were not classified by
occupation. Employment of engineering and physical science
technicians showed a greater relative increase (24 percent)
between 1959 and 1962 than did other types of technicians.




3

PART I
EMPLOYMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PERSONNEL,




JANUARY 1962




5

EMPLOYMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PERSONNEL,
JANUARY 1962
Approximately 103,500 engineers, scientists, and techni­
cians were employed in January 1962 by the 50 State governments
to carry out a variety of scientific and technical activities in
areas ranging from heavy construction to mental health. About
34,000 of these employees were engineers, 14,000 were scientists,
and 55,500 were technicians. (See table 1.) This group includes
essentially all scientific and technical personnel employed by
State governments in January 1962, except those working for State
educational institutions. 1/ Altogether, they accounted for about
6 percent of all State government employees and about 9 percent
of all State employees outside educational institutions.
In con­
trast, scientific and technical personnel accounted for only about
3 percent of all employment in private industry (excluding agri­
culture) in January 1962. 2/
The major factors affecting the employment of scientific
and technical personnel by the individual States are the services
undertaken by agencies of each State, and the funds appropriated
for these services. Although the most populous States employed
the greatest numbers of scientific and technical personnel, popu­
lation affects such employment only indirectly as one of the
influences upon the financial resources available and the expendi­
tures necessary to provide certain services to the citizens of
each State. However, no direct relationship between population
and scientific and technical employment can be assumed.
The detailed data for individual States, shown in the
tables in appendix A, are not necessarily comparable from one
State to another. Distributions of scientific and technical
personnel by occupation and type of agency are affected, for
each State, not only by considerations of major natural resources,
major industries, climate, and other influences on the services
undertaken, but also by State constitutions and laws, policy

1/ See appendix B, Scope and Method of Survey for the
coverage.
2/ Scientific and Technical Personnel in Industry, 1962,
report on a survey conducted by.the U.S. Department of Labor,
Bureau of Labor Statistics (in press).




Table 1. Occupational distribution of scientific and technical
personnel employed by State governments, January 1962

Occupational group

Number

All groups...............

103,530

100.0

Engineers........................

33,994

32.8

Civil engineers................
Other engineers................

30,047
3,947

29.0
3.8

Scientists.......................

14,035

13.6

Biological scientists..........
Agricultural scientists........
Medical scientists.............
Chemists.......................
Geologists and geophysicists....
Psychologists..................
Mathematicians.................
Other scientists...............

4,514
4,073
1,930
1,381
898
517
448
274

4.4
3.9
1.9
1.3
.9
.5
.4
.3

Technicians......................

55,501

53.6

Engineering technicians........
Surveyors......................
Draftsmen...... ................
Medical, agricultural, and
biological technicians.......
Physical science technicians....
Other technicians..............

28,343
12,240
6,684

27.4
11.8
6.4

5,671
1,030
1,533

5.5
1.0
1.5

Percent

1/ See questionnaire reproduced in appendix C for definitions
of occupations used in this survey.




7

decisions, choices of organizational structure, and other
factors. For example, some States prefer to contract to
consulting or other firms work which, in other States, is
performed by personnel--including scientists, engineers,
and technicians--on State payrolls. The assignment of
responsibilities to agencies may also follow different
patterns in the various States. Examples of the effect
of choices of organization are departments of water supply
variously reported as part of public works agencies or of
natural resources agencies, and food and drug laws enforced
by health agencies or by agricultural agencies.
To assist State officials in reporting employment of
scientific and technical personnel, definitions were pro­
vided for most of the occupations. Personnel were classified
as engineers if they were engaged in engineering work at a
level requiring knowledge of the field equivalent at least
to that acquired through completion of a 4-year college course.
Scientists were defined in a parallel manner. Technicians weie
described as workers engaged in activities requiring a knowl­
edge of engineering or science comparable to that acquired
through about 2 years of post-high school training. The defi­
nitions of the occupations covered in this report, as well as
other terms used in the survey, are reproduced in appendix C.
Data for January 1962 on the numbers employed in each
scientific and technical occupational group, the functions
performed, and the agency of employment are presented in sum­
mary form in the sections of this report which follow. For a
somewhat more descriptive account of the activities of scien­
tific and technical personnel in the various State agencies,
see the report on a similar survey conducted in 1959. 3/
ENGINEERS
State governments reported employment of 33,994 engineers
in January 1962. Of these, 30,047 (about 88 percent) were re­
ported as civil engineers, a group which also included sanitary,
construction, architectural, structural, highway, and other
related specialties. The remaining 3,947 included all other
types of engineers employed by State governments.

3/ Employment of Scientific and Technical Personnel in
State Government Agencies, Report on a 1959 Survey, NSF 61-17,
prepared for the National Science Foundation by the U.S. Depart­
ment of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Available from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C. 20402 (price 45 cents).




8

The distribution of engineers- by type of agency is shown
in table 2. Civil engineers were concentrated in highway
agencies (93 percent). Most of these engineers planned,
designed, and supervised the construction of highways, public
buildings, dams, and other new public works, but some were
concerned with maintenance and repair. The "other" engineers
were also concentrated in highway and public works agencies,
though to a lesser degree.
Survey respondents were asked to classify their scientific
and technical employees according to primary activity or func­
tion performed. The engineers employed by State governments
were distributed by function as follows:
Engineers
All

Civil

Other

All functions i/ ..... ___ 100.0

100.0

100.0

48.4
26.5
17.5
2.0
5.6

37.3
21.4
24.8
4.1
12.4

Operations and services....
Planning..................
Inspection................
Research..................
Other functions...........

___ 47.0
___ 25.9
___ 18.4
___
2.3
___
6.4

1/ For definitions of functions see questionnaire repro­
duced in appendix C.
Nearly two-thirds of all engineers were classified by
their agencies as primarily engaged in the combined areas
of operations and services and inspection. Together, these
functions comprise the technical activities related to the
regular operation of government programs including the en­
forcement of laws, regulations, and standards, and cover
most of the on-going, day-by-day, technical business of the
State governments. About one-quarter of the engineers, how­
ever, were primarily engaged in planning, which includes
technical activity concerned with initiating or improving
programs, policies, legislation, and standards, and which is
concerned with activities of the future. Another 2 percent
of the engineers were engaged in research to advance scien­
tific knowledge in the natural sciences and engineering, also
a function that looks largely to the future. The State govern­
ments employed about 2 engineers primarily engaged in planning
or research for every 5 employed in all other functions.




9

Table 2.

Engineers employed by State governments, by type of
agency, January 1962
(Percent distribution)
Engineers
Agency

All

Civil

^

Other

33,994
100.0

30,047
100.0

3,947
100.0

Highway and public works....

90.5

94.4

61.0

Highway...................
Public works..............

88.4
2.1

92.8
1.6

55.0
6.0

Health and welfare..........

3.7

2.9

9.7

Physical health...........
Mental health.............
Welfare...................

3.3
.2
.2

2.8
(3/)
.1

7.0
1.5
1.2

Agriculture and conservation.

2.5

1.7

8.9

Natural resources.........
Pish and game............ .
Agriculture...............

2.1
.3
.1

1.3
.3
.1

8.0
.4
.5

Other agencies..............

3.3

1.0

20.4

All agencies:

Number....
Percent...

l/ Includes sanitary, construction, architectural, structural,
highway, and other related specialties.
2/ Includes all engineering specialties not classified as
civil engineering.
3/ Less than 0.05 percent.




1 0

Detailed data on the employment of engineers by type of
agency, occupation, and by function for each State are pre­
sented in the tables in appendix A.
SCIENTISTS
Scientists employed by State governments in January 1962
numbered 14,035 or about 14 percent of all scientific and
technical employment in State agencies. About 7 out of 10
of these employees were life scientists and most of the
remainder were physical scientists. This distribution is
the reverse of that for scientific employment in private
industry where physical scientists far outnumber other types
of scientists.
Unlike engineers, who were employed almost exclusively in
highway and public works agencies, scientists were concentrated
in agriculture and conservation (53 percent) and in health and
welfare agencies (36 percent). The types of services performed
by these agencies determine their need for scientists in cer­
tain fields of specialization.
Life Scientists
The three largest scientific occupational groups employed
by State governments in January 1962 were biological scien­
tists (4,514), agricultural scientists (4,073), and medical
scientists (1,930). 4/
Together, these groups comprise all
scientists dealing with life processes— plant, animal, or
human.
The concentrations of life scientists by type of employing
agency were very marked, with sharp differences among occupa­
tional groups.
(See table 3.) Biological scientists were
reported chiefly by fish and game agencies and physical health
agencies, agricultural scientists by natural resources and
agriculture agencies, and medical scientists by health agencies.
No life scientists were reported by highway or public works
agencies.

4/ Persons primarily engaged in patient treatment and care
were excluded from the survey. See questionnaire reproduced in
appendix C for definitions of the occupations used in this survey.




1 1

Table 3.

Life scientists employed by State governments,
of agency, January 1962

try

type

(Percent distribution)
Life scientists
Agency
All

Biolog­
ical

Agricul­ Medical
tural

Number.... 10,517
Percent... 100.0

4,514
100.0

4,073
100.0

1,930
100.0

Agriculture and conservation.

62.7

58.4

96.3

1.8

Natural resources.........
Agriculture...............
Fish and game.............

24.1
19.6
19.0

7.9
7.3
43.2

53.5
41.5
1.3

Health and welfare..........

34.8

39.0

1.9

94.5

Physical health...........
Mental health.............
Welfare...................

27.8
5.1
1.9

36.0
2.6
.4

1.2
(2/)
7

64.9
21.6
8.0

Other agencies..............

2.5

2.6

1.8

3.7

All agencies:

l/ None reported.
2/ Less than 0.05 percent.




u/>

1.8

(i

/>

12

Life scientists were also markedly concentrated by func­
tion, as shown in the following tabulation:
Life Scientists
All’

Biolog­
ical

All functions...

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Operations and
services.........
Inspection.........
Research...........
Planning...........
Other functions....

53.3
17.7
15.5
9.7
3.8

45.0
14.3
27.8
9.2
3.7

62.4
25.5
2.2
5.7
4.2

53.7
9.3
14.6
19.4
3.0

Agricul­
tural

Medical

As with engineers, most life scientists were concerned with
their agencies' regular operations. Unlike engineers, however,
a substantial proportion of the biological scientists and of the
medical scientists were engaged in research. The proportion of
life scientists engaged in planning activities was materially
less than that of engineers so engaged.
Detailed data on the employment of life scientists by type
of agency, occupation, and by function for each State are pre­
sented in the tables in appendix A.
Physical Scientists
State government agencies reported employment of 2,727
physical scientists in January 1962--1,381 chemists, 898
geologists and geophysicists, and 448 mathematicians. 5 / The
distribution of these scientists by type of agency is shown in
table 4.

5/ It is likely that some physical scientists were also
included among the 274 unclassified scientists. It is believed,
for example, that a small number of physicists and metallurgists
were included in the unclassified category. On the other hand,
it is recognized that all mathematicians are not closely allied
with the physical sciences.




Table 4.

Physical scientists employed by State governments, by
type of agency, January 1962
(Percent distribution)
Physical scientists

Agency
All

All agencies:

Number...
Percent..

Geologists
Chemists and geo­ Mathema­
physicists ticians

2,727
100.0

1,381
100.0

898
100.0

448
100.0

Agriculture and conservation.

30.7

28.0

45.8

8.9

Natural resources......... 1
Agriculture...............
Fish and game.............

16.0
13.8
.9

1.5
25.7
.8

45.5
.1
.2

2.0
4.4
2.5

Health and welfare..........

28.7

45.8

(1/)

33.7

Physical health...........
Mental health.............
Welfare...................

26.0
1.5
1.2

44.1
1.7
(!/)

ci/)
(I/)
(i/)

21.9
4.2
7.6

Highway and public works....

25.9

16.3

42.5

22.1

Highway...................
Public works..............
O
Other agencies..............

23.1
2.8

14.4
1.9

37.4
5.1

21.0
1.1

14.7

9.9

11.7

35.3

l/ None reported.




1 4

As with engineers and the life science specialists, each
of the three physical science occupational groups showed marked
concentration in particular types of agencies.. Agencies con­
cerned with physical health, agriculture, and highways employed
84 percent of all the chemists. Natural resource agencies and
highway agencies employed 83 percent of the geologists and geo­
physicists.
Mathematicians were the only occupational group heavily
concentrated (35 percent) in the miscellaneous or ,,othern
agencies category. About two-fifths of the mathematicians-many of them actuaries--in the "other" agencies category were
employed in agencies dealing with insurance matters. The
remainder of the mathematicians were employed by a wide variety
of types of agencies, but with the largest number in physical
health and highway agencies.
The distribution of physical scientists by primary function
performed is shown below:
Physical scientists
All

Chemists

Geologists
and geo­
physicists

Mathema­
ticians

All functions......

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Operations and services.
Research...............
Inspection.............
Planning...............
Other functions........

33.2
28.6
22.8
11.5
3.9

31.6
23.0
37.7
4.4
3.3

35.2
37.2
10.0
15.4
2.2

34.1
28.6
2.9
25.7
8.7

Around a third of each occupational group was engaged in
operations and service activities in January 1962. The pro­
portion of chemists primarily engaged in inspection activities,
chiefly in agriculture and health agencies, was the highest for
any occupational group in the survey. Geologists and geophysi­
cists made up the only occupational group in the survey for
whom research was the major function.
Detailed data on the employment of physical scientists by
type of agency, occupation, and by function for each State are
presented in the tables in appendix A.




1 5

Psychologists
There were 517 psychologists employed by State agencies in
January 1962. This number does not include psychologists en­
gaged primarily in the care and treatment of patients.
Psychologists were more concentrated in a single type of
agency than any other occupational group except civil engineers
and agricultural scientists. As shown below, nearly half the
psychologists were employed by mental health agencies.
Percent
All agencies......

100.0

Health and welfare........

88.6

Mental health........
Physical health......
Welfare.................

48.2
24.2
16.2

Other agencies............

11.4

About 3 out of 5 psychologists were engaged in operations and
services and 1 out of 5 was engaged in research.
The distribution of psychologists by function was as follows
Percent
All functions........

100.0

Operations and services.....
Research....................
Planning....................
Inspection..................
Other functions.............

63.2
21.5
8.9
.6
5.8

Degrees Held by Scientists
This survey obtained for the first time data on the degrees
held by scientists employed by State government agencies. The
data, summarized in tables 5 and 6, include the numbers of
scientists by highest degree, and the numbers of scientists
holding health degrees by type of degree. Detailed data by
State are presented in the tables in appendix A.




16

About 14 percent of the 14,035 scientists employed by State
governments in January 1962 were reported to hold no degree
(table 5). This compares with approximately 40 percent of State
employed engineers who held no degree. 6/ Close to two-thirds
of the scientists without a degree were in agriculture and con­
servation agencies; about 40 percent of these were reported by
California agencies and about 9 percent by Michigan agencies as
working primarily in forest management.
TECHNICIANS
State government agencies employed 55,501 technicians in
January 1962. Employment was reported separately for 5 occu­
pational groups--engineering technicians; surveyors; draftsmen;
medical, agricultural, and biological technicians; physical
science technicians--and a residual group of "other” techni­
cians who were not further classified. The distribution of
technician employment by type of agency for each occupational
group is shown in table 7.
About 85 percent of all technicians were classified in
three occupational groups; engineering technicians (51 percent),
surveyors (22 percent), and draftsmen (12 percent). These
groups were concentrated very heavily (91 percent or more) in
highway agencies.
The medical, agricultural, and biological technicians were
divided equally between agriculture and conservation agencies
and health and welfare agencies, with a very small number re­
ported by "other" agencies. About half of the physical science
technicians were reported by highway agencies, and most of the
remainder were employed in natural resource agencies and in
physical health agencies in approximately the same numbers.
Most technicians act as assistants to scientists or engi­
neers. Overall, there were about 115 workers for every 100
scientists and engineers employed by State agencies in 1962.
This is a much higher ratio than in private industry, where
there are only 69 technicians per 100 scientists and engineers,
on the average. However, only in highway agencies did the Stateemployed technicians exceed the number of scientists and engi­
neers (149 to 100). In health and welfare agencies, the average
was 54 technicians per 100 scientists and engineers, and in
agriculture and conservation agencies, it was 48 per 100.

6/ Data on the educational attainment of engineers were
collected in the 1959 survey. See footnote 3.




17
Table 5.

Scientists employed by State governments, by highest degree
held and type of agency, January 1962
(Percent distribution)

All
scien­
tists

Agency

All agencies:

Number...
Percent..

Highway and public works...
Health and welfare........
Agriculture and conservation.
Other agencies............

Bachelor’s
or first
No
Ph.D. Master’s profes­
sional
degree degree
degree
degree l/

14,035
100.0

887
100.0

2,765
100.0

8,463
100.0

1,920
100.0

5.9
35.5
53.1
5.5

1.1
58.0
27.4
13.5

3.5
45.2
43.1
8.2

7.4
31.7
56.2
4.7

4.9
27.8
65.4
1.9

1/ Includes M.D., D.D.S., D.V.M., and other professional health
degrees.
Table 6.

Scientists holding health degrees, by type of degree and
State government agency, January 1962
(Percent distribution)
All
scientists
with
M.D.
health
degrees

Agency

D.V.M.

D.D.S.

Other

Number...
Percent..

2,640
100.0

1,093
100.0

793
100.0

202
100.0

552
100.0

Health and welfare........
Agriculture and conservation.
Other agencies............

67.6
31.1
1.3

98.2
(1/)
1.8

7.9
90.8
1.3

82.7
17.3

87.2
12.1
.7

All agencies:

l/ None reported.




ci/)

Table 7.

Technicians employed by State governments, by type of agency, January 1962
(Percent distribution)
EngiAll
neering
techni­ techni­ Surveyors Draftsmen
cians
cians

Agency

Medical,
agricul­
tural ,and
biological
technicians

Physical
science Other
techni­
cians

55,501
100.0

28,343
100.0

12,240
100.0

6,684
100.0

5,671
100.0

1,030
100.0

1,533
100.0

Highway and public works...

84.0

95.9

98.6

92.8

Cl/)

49.3

40.9

Highway.................
Public works.... ........

82.7
1.3

94.5
1.4

98.3
.3

91.1
1.7

d/)
ci/)

49.0
.3

31.6
9.3

Agriculture and conservation.

7.2

1.1

1.2

3.7

49.0

18.4

20.4

Natural resources........
Agriculture.............
Fish and game............

3.1
2.2
1.9

1.0
(1/)
.1

1.0

(1/)
.2

3.3
.1
.3

13.0
20.0
16.0

14.5
3.9
(1/)

14.4
3.2
2.8

Health and welfare..........

6.1

.5

(1/)

ci/)

49.5

21.2

14.9

Physical health..........
Mental health............
Welfare.................

4.4
1.1
.6

.4
Cl/)
.1

a/)
CV )
CV)

a/)
Cl/)
(T/)

36.4
8.9
4.2

16.5
2.5
2.2

7.2
5.5
2.2

Other agencies.............

2.7

2.5

.2

3.5

1.5

11.1

23.8

All agencies:

l/

Number....
Percent...

Less than 0.05 percent.




PART II
CHANGES IN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL EMPLOYMENT,




1959 to 1962




21

CHANGES IN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL EMPLOYMENT, 1959 to 1962
Scientific and technical employment in State government
agencies in January 1962 was nearly 20 percent greater than
in January 1959. This represents an average annual rate of
increase of slightly more than 6 percent over the 3-year
period; this is not to suggest, however, that the growth rate
was even over the period.
Table 8 compares the growth in employment of scientists,
engineers, and technicians with the overall growth in State
government employment. Since the survey did not cover scien­
tific and technical employment in State educational agencies,
comparison is also made with total State employment excepting
that in educational institutions.
During the 3-year period
under consideration, noneducational State government employ­
ment increased nearly 7 percent--about 2.3 percent per year,
on the average. This annual rate is somewhat less than twofifths of the rate of growth shown by scientific and technical
employment only.
Table 9 presents data reported for January 1959 and that
reported for January 1962 by broad occupational classes. The
changes in employment by detailed occupation are the net result
of widely diverse changes reported by individual States for the
two periods. Because it has not been practical to recontact each
reporting agency to investigate the reasons for the changes, no
assessment can be made of the relative influences of changes in
personnel classification, changes in the interpretation of defi­
nitions, and true changes in the numbers of persons working in
the different occupational categories. Nevertheless, changes in
the size of the gross groupings shown in table 9 are believed to
reasonably represent the correct order of magnitude.




Table 8.

Change in State government employment, January 1959
to January 1962
Number
Employee group

January
1959

January
1962

Percent
change

All State government
employment l/............

1,533,000

1,686,400

10.0

State employment, except
educational l/...............

1,048,300

1,120,900

6.9

All scientific and technical
employees 2/...............

86,246

103,013

19.4

Engineers..................
Scientists 2/..............
Technicians................

28,172
11,276
46,798

33,994
13,518
55,501

20.7
19.9
18.6

l/ Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor
Statistics, Employment and Earnings Statistics for the United
States, 1909-62 (Bulletin 1312-1, 1963) .
2/ Psychologists are excluded because a change in defini­
tion resulted in noncomparable data for 1959 and 1962.




Table 9. Change in employment of scientific and technical
personnel in State governments, by occupational group,
January 1959 and January 1962
Number
Occupational group

January
1959

January
1962

Percent
change

All scientific and technical
occupations 1/..............

86,246

103,013

19.4

Engineers..........................

28,172

33,994

20.7

Civil engineers..................
Other engineers..................

26,082
2,090

30,047
3,947

15.2
88.8

Scientists l/......................

11,276

13,518

19.9

Life scientists..................
Other scientists.................

8,846
2,430

10,517
3,001

18.9
23.5

Technicians.................... „. ..

46,798

55,501

18.6

Engineering and physical science
technicians....................
Other technicians................

23,781
23,017

29,373
26,128

23.5
13.5

1 / Psychologists are excluded because a change in definition
resulted in noncomparable data for 1959 and 1962.







2 5

APPENDIX A
STATISTICAL TABLES
Most of the tables included in this appepdix present data
for each State. However, caution is urged in making State-byState comparisons of employment without acquiring an intimate
knowledge of individual State programs, practices, and classi­
fication systems. For example, wide differences exist in the
types of programs undertaken by States in any given year, in
practices such as the hiring of scientific and technical workers
or the use of outside consulting services, and in functions per­
formed by agencies with similar names or by personnel with the
same occupational titles. Although State tables are presented
by region for the reader’s convenience, statistics by region are
not likely to be comparable, for the reasons cited.




26

Table A-l.

Engineers, scientists, and technicians, by type of agency and State, January 1962

All
agencies

Total

Highway

103,530

78,199

20,331

Agriculture and conservation

Health and welfare

Highway and public works
State

Fish
and
game

Agri­ Natural
re­
culture
sources

Other
agencies

Total

76,670

1,529

9,638

7,404

1,521

713

12,292

3,159

3,710

5,423

3,401

14,594

14,225

369

2,619

1,833

571

215

1,926

264

552

1,110

1,192

1,463
716
2,493
444
1,800
6,761
5,652
467
530

1,204
429
1,766
360
1,132
4,464
4,629
266
344

1,180
412
1,766
354
1,112
4,464
4,352
254
331

24
17
-6
20
—
277
12
13

159
100
525
44
353
749
415
150
124

80
64
326
44
218
744
185
89
83

68
36
191
-32
—
228
12
4

11
-8
-103
5
2
49
37

61
180
154
32
216
731
463
39
50

3
51
43
22
45
—
81
14
5

58
44
4
3
26
265
123
16
13

__
85
107
7
145
466
259
9
32

39
7
53
8
99
817
145
12
12

23,638

18,168

17,972

196

1,950

1,295

563

92

2,649

316

720

1,613

871

Illinois........
Indiana.........
Iowa............
Kansas..........
Michigan....... .
Minnesota...... .
Missouri........
Nebraska........
North Dakota....
Ohio............
South Dakota......
Wisconsin........

3,033
1,316
1,479
1,633
3,629
2,294
2,145
1,014
570
4,323
261
1,931

2,366
878
1,222
1,397
2,765
1,696
1,798
801
339
3,414
139
1,353

2,359
849
1,213
1,369
2,738
1,696
1,798
786
327
3,362
123
1,352

7
29
9
28
27
-—
15
12
52
16
1

230
273
39
71
324
162
91
72
83
430
25
150

211
178
35
67
228
94
90
31
78
125
25
133

__

91
4
-92
47
—
19
5
305
__

19
4
—
4
4
21
1
22
—
—

24
—
—
13
—
86
74
47
24
—
48

17

101
100
210
156
452
391
173
78
145
441
91
311

31
—
33
64
107
71
65
12
103
94
30
110

46
100
177
79
345
234
34
19
18
347
13
201

341
65
8
14
88
45
83
63
3
38
6
117

South.............

33,778

27,136

26,548

588

3,128

2,677

140

311

2,886

656

1,089

1,141

628

Alabama........ .
Arkansas........
Delaware........
Florida.........
Georgia.........
Kentucky........
Louisiana.......
Maryland....... .
Mi s s i s s i p p i . . ....
North Carolina....
Oklahoma........
South Carolina....
Tennessee.......
Texas...........
Virginia........
West Virginia....

2,798
733
291
1,833
2,451
2,379
2,401
1,478
1,350
2,024
612
1,369
2,461
6,900
3,438
1,260

2,449
546
234
1,062
2,156
1,867
2,052
1,131
1,068
1,582
423
1,071
1,939
5,908
2,605
1,043

2,423
546
234
1,049
2,156
1,842
1,743
1,084
1,055
1,537
411
1,068
1,938
5,840
2,587
1,035

26
—
__
13
_
25
309
47
13
45
1?
3
1
68
18

128
31
23
338
177
126
150
194
14
191
106
70
349
389
383
8

14
..
3
1
—
9
..
75

—
«_
3
7
50
..
--

41
75
10
203
27
2
62
—

__
6
28
3
__
__
1

__
9
1
1
224
__
16

172
130
29
376
63
284
176
50
223
220
41
134
160
247
415
166

40
20
6
37
25
60
71
10
11
40

8

142
31
26
342
184
185
150
269
14
191
121
99
353
613
383
25

17
73
100
58
88

128
11
56
33
121
236
9

91
35
13
136
11
222
43
40
137
52
30
61
54
26
121
69

35
26
2
53
48
43
23
28
45
31
27
65
9
132
35
26

Far West..........

25,783

18,301

17,925

376

1,941

1,599

247

95

4,831

1,923

1,349

1,559

710

Alaska..........
Arizona.........
California..... .
Colorado....... .
H a w a i i ............ .
Idaho...........
Montana.........
Nevada..........
New Mexico.... ..
Oregon..........
Utah............
Washington......
Wyoming........ .

635
823
13,059
1,077
863
759
993
575
838
2,053
959
2,285
864

353
644
9,692
816
398
364
815
428
672
1,214
763
1,484
658

334
639
9,692
745
351
357
789
411
612
1,160
711
1,482
642

19
5
—
71
47
7
26
17
60
54
52
2
16

111
71
765
61
303
74
29
35
73
95
41
266
17

110
71
548
61
264
67
29
26
67
87
40
218
11

1
_
192

159
101
2,165
170
153
321
143
94
86
602
149
499
189

110
56
773
36
33
71
42
48
36
247
137
193
141

Northeast.........
Connecticut.....
Maine...........
Massachusetts....
New Hampshire.....
New Jersey......
New York........
Pennsylvania....
Rhode Island....
Vermont........ .

Middle west.......




Physical
health

Mental
health

Public
works

—

__

38
7

Welfare

mm

25
..
1
..

__

__

9

--

_
..
__
—

6

8
1
48
6

Total

__

75

29
649
122
97
219
61
21
34
40
__

41
36

49
16
743
12
23
31
40
25
16
315
12
265
12

12
7
437
30
9
„
6
18
7
142
6,
36r
—

27

Tab l e A-2.

Engineers,

by type of agency and State, January 1962

Highway and public works
State

All
agencies

Public
works

Health and welfare

Agriculture and conservation

Physical. Mental
health) Welfares Total
health

Fish
and
game

, Agri- Natural
culture»
re-'
sources

*

Other
agencies

Total

Highway

33,994

30,775

30,048

727

1,257

1,119

72

66

854

109

39

706

1,108

Northeast.........

7,846

6,840

6,662

178

373

317

41

15

245

21

—

224

388

Connecticut.....
Maine.........
Massachusetts...
New Hampshire...
New Jersey......
New York......
Pennsylvania.•..
Rhode Island....
Vermont.••••.•••

643
299
772
342
1,064
3,084
1,237
107
298

628
270
685
328
909
2,658
981
93
288

613
258
685
322
893
2,658
870
86
277

15
12
_
6
16
—
Ill
7
11

9
14
39
13
55
122
106
9
6

8
12
32
13
46
120
74
8
4

1

—

1
3
__
1
1
_
15
..
—

mm

1
2

1
10
6
1
56
67
102
1
1

7
6
—
55
67
87
1
1

5
5
42
_
44
237
48
4
3

Middle West.••••••

7,257

6,531

6,433

98

326

295

17

14

171

17

19

135

229

Illinois........
Indiana..... . .
Iowa...... ... •
Kansas..... •. ••
Michigan......
Minnesota.••••••
Missouri.....
Nebraska.....
North Dakota...,
Ohio..... •••••
South Dakota....
Wisconsin,••••••

1,550
474
347
467
975
592
794
279
168
896
76
639

1,441
418
310
413
852
508
758
253
155
826
64
533

1,438
400
308
399
835
508
758
249
148
802
56
532

3
18
2
14
17
..
..
4
7
24
8
1

45
38
24
20
58
25
20
5
8
44
7
32

39
37
22
16
49
25
20
5
7
39
7
29

__
1
2
_
8
..
..
..
1
5

6
..

mm

__
_

__
..
..
-3

8
8
10
27
17
39
8
10
3
13
3
25

8
8
10
9
16
38
2
3
3
13

8,868

8,170

7,950

220

329

283

14

32

140

2
_
_
__
—
1
..
2
-—
6
1
1
-..
1

__
u.
_
2
—
5
—
—
--1
1
1
22
_
—

8
2
2
5
5
11
28
6
3
44
3
—
5
4
9
5

5

298

Total......

South............
Alabama.........
Arkansas..••••••
Delaware......
Florida........
Georgia. ...... .
Kentucky.... .
Louisiana.....
Maryland........
Mississippi.••••
North Carolina..
Oklahoma. ..... .
South Carolina,.
Tennessee.••••..
Texas....... ..
Virginia........
West Virginia...
Far West........
Alaska....•••••
Arizona..... ..
California.....
Colorado.•••••..
Hawaii........
Idaho...••••••••
Montana••••....
Nevada........
New Mexico.•••••
Oregon........
Utah..........
Washington.....
Wyoming.........




Total

2
7
—
-..
32

—

..
..
9
2

4
1
..

531
177
70
642
920
711
546
560
247
821
168
877
332
1,393
745
128

499
160
64
587
898
657
495
516
225
732
137
825
303
1,259
697
116

495
160
64
578
898
632
415
495
215
705
130
823
303
1,235
691
111

4
__
__
9
—
25
80
21
10
27
7
2
_
24
6
5

19
9
4
44
14
27
12
29
7
28
14
16
24
63
16
3

17
9
4
42
14
21
12
27
7
28
7
14
22
41
16
2

10,023

9,234

9,003

231

229

224

—

6
10
119
10
8
5
7
4
6
22
3
20
4

__
—
__
__
..
—
-—

..
1
..
1
_

—
..
-—

1
1
1
--

256
116
6,027
408
192
116
319
187
112
724
236
1,080
250

234
92
5,559
380
181
107
307
167
92
658
228
988
241

225
87
5,559
327
150
100
297
159
61
617
202
986
233

9
5
__
53
31
7
10
8
31
41
26
2
8

6
10
120
10
9
5
7
4
6
23
4
21
4

—

11
12
137
13
..
4
1
13
12
26
3
61
5

_
_
—
..
1
6
7
«_
*3
-18

2
--

..
..
—
..
—

_
—
..
—

25

56
10
3
7
48
20
8
11
2
13
2
49

20

102

229

...

8
—
2
1
5
10
26
2
1
28
3
—
4
2
5
5

5
6
_
6
3
16
11
9
12
17
14
36
..
67
23
4

18
1
..
..

1
2
4
1i
1
—
_
1
2
4
—

—
4
—
—
—
—
1
15
-—
_
-—
—

53

-

245

262

3
4
5
3

_
—
__
..
—
—
—
—
—
—
-—
—

a
8
132
10
—
2
1
10
12
14
2
42
4

5
2
211
5
2
—
4
3
2
17
1
10

—

2
—
3
..
12
1
19
1

28
T a b l e A- 3 .

Engineers in all agencies,

b y occupation and

All
engineers

State

State, J a n u a r y

Civil
engineers

1962

Other
engineers

Total.... ........ ............ .

33.994

30,047

3.947

Northeast. ...... ..................... ..

7,846

6,503

1,343

Connecticut...... . ....... .
Maine..................................
Massachusetts...... ....................
New Hampshire............
New Jersey..................... ........
New York............. .••....
Pennsylvania........................... .
Rhode Island......................... .
Vermont.... •••••........

643
299
772
342
1,064
3,084
1,237
107
298

621
215
750
326
677
2,724
952
93
145

22
84
22
16
387
360
285
14
153

Middle West.*.............................

7,257

6,799

458

Illinois..... ......... ••••••••••••••••••
Indiana. ........ ......................
Iowa................. ................ .
Kansas........... ............ .........
Michigan................... ........... .
Minnesota.......... ........ ...........
Missouri............. ......... ........
Nebraska. ... ........ ................. .
North Dakota............. ...... ••••••••
Ohio...................................
South Dakota....... ....... .............
Wisconsin. ......... ••••••••••••••••••••••

1,550
474
347
467
975
592
794
279
168
896
76
639

1,493
455
338
441
839
534
782
269
160
833
60
595

57
19
9
26
136
58
12
10
8
63
16
44

.......•••••••••••

8,868

8,255

613

Alabama...................... ....... .
Arkansas.......... •••••••••••••••••••••••
Delaware.................... •••••.... .
Florida................................
Georgia............ ......... ..........
Kentucky..................... •••••••••••
Louisiana...................... ...... .
Maryland........... ....................
Mississippi.......... ...................
North Carolina.......... ............ .
Oklahoma.... ..... ......................
South Carolina.••••••.... ••••....... .
Tennessee................................
Texas..••••••••.
..... ........... .
Virginia............. ••••••••••••••.....
West Virginia..........•••••...... ••••••

531
177
70
642
920
711
546
560
247
821
168
877
332
1,393
745
128

518
170
68
619
913
671
458
500
161
771
141
829
326
1,302
697

13
7
2
23
7
40
88
60
86
50
27
48
6
91
48

111

17

10,023

8,490

1,533

256
116
6,027
408
192
116
319
187
112
724
236
1,080
250

244
92
5,225
103
181
105
82
174
80
695
217
1,046
246

12
24
802
305
11
11
237
13
32
29
19
34
4

South....

Far West.................................
Alaska.••••••••..••••••••••••••••••••....
Arizona..... ...................•••••••••
California...... ....... •••••...........
Colorado................. •••••••••••••••
Hawaii.................... ....... .
Idaho............... •••••••••••••••••••••
Montana...•••••••••••••••••••••••.... ••••
Nevada......... •••••••...... ....... ••••
New Mexico..............................
Oregon................. ........ ...... .
Utah...................................
Washington..................... ........
Wyoming........................ ........




29

Table

A-4.

Engineers

in

highway

agencies,

by

occupation

and

State,

January

1962

Al 1
engineers

Civi 1
engineers

Total............................

30,048

27,878

2,170

Northeast................ ................

6.662

5.809

853

Connect icut............. ................
Maine........ ..........................
Massachusetts......................... .
New Hampsh ire............. ........... ..
New Jersey.......... ........ .
New York............ .......... .
Pennsylvania........... ............. .
Rhode Island..................... .
Vermont..... ....... .

613
258
685
322
893
2,658
870
86
277

613
193
669
319
597
2,500
708
76
134

65
16
3
296
158
162
10
143

6,433

6,299

134

1,438
400
308
399
835
508
758
249
148
802
56
532

1,418
397
308
391
766
503
755
249
143
788
50
531

20
3
—
8
69
5
3
—
5
14
6
1

7,950

7,735

215

495
*60
64
578
898
632
415
495
215
705
130
823
303
1,235'
691
III

495
159
64
573
898
616
373
464
137
704
130
816
303
1,235
666
102

_

16
42
31
78
1
—
7
—
—
25
9

9.003

8.035

968

225
87
5,559
327
150
100
297
159
61
617
202
986
233

225
86
5,096
50
15Q
98
72
159
61
617
202
986
233

State

Middle West..............................
Illinois...............................
Indiana.......... ...... .............. ..
Iowa.... ..................... .
Kansas.................................
Michigan..............................
Minnesota.................. ............
Missouri...................... .........
Nebraska..................... ..........
North Dakota.............. ..............
Ohio...................................
South Dakota.................. .........
Wisconsin............... ........ ......
South............... ........ ...... ......
Alabama......................... .......
Arkansas................... ............
Delaware................................
Florida............... ........ ...... .
Georgia........ ............. ...........
Kentucky..............................
Louisiana................... ...........
Maryland..................... ........ ..
Mississippi...................... ......
North Caro 1ina............. .
Oklahoma............. ................ ..
South Carol ina.............. ...........
Tennessee.................. ............
Texas.............. .....................
Virginia..................... ..........
West Virginia...........................
Far West.................................




Alaska.............. ............... .
Arizona..................... ......... ..
Ca 1iforn ia ........ ........ ..... ......
Colorado.............. .......... .......
Hawa Ii..... ............ .......... .....
Idaho............. ............. .......
Montana................................
Nevada..................... ............
New Mexico.............................
Oregon............ '........ ............
Utah...................................
Wash ington............................ ..
Wyoming................................

Other
engineers

1
—
5
—

1
463
277
—
2
225
—
—

—
—
—

30
Table

A-5«

Engineers

in

public

works

agencies

(except

highway),

by

occupation

and

State,

January

1962

Al 1
engineers

Ci vi 1
engineers

Other
engi neers

Tota 1.............................

727

489

238

Northeast............... ....... ...........

178

104

74

Connect icut......................... .
Maine....................................
Massachusetts....................... .....
New Hampshire.............. ..............
New Jersey...................... ...... .
New York.............................
Pennsylvania.............. ...............
Rhode Island.................. ...........
Vermont....................... ...........

15
12
—
6
16
—
111
7
II

3
5
—
3
6
—
75
6
6

12
7
—
3
10

98

62

36

Illinois.................................
Indiana............................... .
Iowa.....................................
Kansas............................ ......
Michigan....... .............. ............
Minnesota.............................. .
Missouri................. ............ .
Nebraska................................ .
North Dakota......... ......... ....... .
Ohio.....................................
South Dakota................. .............
Wisconsin..... ................................

3
18
2
14
17
—
—
4
7
24
8
I

1
16
2
11
5
—
—
4
7
10
5
I

2
2
—
3
12
—
—
—
—
14
3
—

South....... ................. .............

220

169

51

2
—
3
—
15
72
13
10
19
5
I
—
20
6
3

2
—
—
6
—
10
8
8
—
8
2
1
—
4
—
2

State

Middle West................................

Alabama............................. .
Arkansas..................... .
De 1aware................. .................
Florida..................................
Georgia............. ........ ............
Kentucky.................................
Louisiana.................................
Maryland............ .....................
Mississippi.............. ....... ........
North Carol ina............................
Oklahoma..................................
South Carolina..... ...... ..... ..........
Tennessee.................................
Texas..............................
Virginia........................ .
West Virginia.............................

4
—
— •*
9
—
25
80
21
10
27
7
2
—
24
6
5

36
l
5

Far West...................... .............

231

154

77

Alaska.......................... .
Arizona.................... ........ .
Cal ifornia................... ......... .
Colorado..................... .
Hawai i............. ..... ................
Idaho......... ......... .
Montana...... ............... ...... ......
Nevada.................. .................
New Mex ico.............. .
Oregon.............. ......... ..... .....
Utah.....................................
Washington......... ......................
Wyoming....................... ...........

9
5
—
53
31
7
JO
8
31
41
26
2
8

4
2
—
36
28
5
9
1
16
33
11
2
7

5
3
—
17
3
2
1
7
15
8
15
—
1




31

T a b l e A-6.

Engineers

in h e a l t h

and welfare

State

agencies,

b y o c c u p a t i o n a nd State,

All
engineers

Civil
engineers

January

1Q 62

Other
engineers

1,257

873

384

373

267

106

Connecticut........ ....... ..............
Maine....................................
Massachusetts........................ .
New Hampshire. •• ............... ..........
New Jersey...................... ........
New York........... ••••••••......... •••••
Pennsylvania.............................
Rhode Is land ........................ •••••
Vermont. .......................... ......

9
14
39
13
55
122
106
9
6

12
38
3
11
119
74
7
3

9
2
1
10
44
3
32
2
3

Middle Nest.......... ........ ............

326

227

99

Illinois................................
Indiana. ......... .......... ..... .......
Iowa.......... .........................
Kansas.................. ................
Michigan........................... .
Minnesota...............................
Missouri................................
Nebraska............. ...................
North Dakota••••.... .....................
Ohio....................................
South Dakota.... ....... ........ ....... .
Wisconsin................. ...............

45
38
24
20
58
25
20
’
5
8
44
7
32

39
33
22
20
30
1
20
3
8
29
—
22

6
5
2
—
28
24
—
2
—
15
7
10

South.................. ...................

329

245

84

Alabama.......... ............. .........
Arkansas. •••••............. ........... .
Delaware. ........ ............. ......... .
Florida............ .....................
Georgia, ••••••.............. ......... .
Kentucky.,,,..... ........... ............
Louisiana................................
Maryland........................... .
Mississippi.•......... .......... ........
North Carolina....... ................ .
Oklahoma..•••••••................ ••••••••
South Carolina...•••••••...... ...........
Tennessee. •••••••••••••••.............. ..
Texas....................................
Virginia.... ............................
Nest Virginia................... .

19
9
4
44
14
27
12
29
7
28
14
16
24
63
16
3

15
9
4
39
10
20
12
20
7
18
3
8
22
41
15
2

4
—
—
5
4
7
9
—
10
11
8
2
22
1
1

229

134

95

6
10
120
10

6
—
64
10
1
—
—
2

Total.... ....................... .
Northeast.................................

Far West.•••••••....... ........ .
Alaska........ .......... ............... .
Arizona..................................
California.. ••••••• •••••••....... .
Colorado................. ••••••••••••••...
Hawaii. •••••••••..... •••••••.............
Idaho. ........... ............ ..... .
Montana.......... ........ . ............
Nevada*.. . . . . . . . . ....
New Mexico............. ..................
Oregon............. ...... .............. .
Utah....................................
Washington.............. ••••.............
Wyoming.............................. ..




9
5
7

4

__
10
56
—
8
5
7

2

6

3

3

23
4
21
4

22

1
1
1
1

3

20
3

32
Table A-7.

Engineers in agriculture a n d conservation agencies,

All
engineers

Total..............................
Northeast..................................
Connecticut.............. ................
Maine...f................................
Massachusetts............................
New Hampshire.............................
New Jersey............................ ;..
New York,................................
Pennsylvania.............................
Rhode Island.............................
Vermont...................................
Middle West................................

b y o c c u p a t i o n a n d St a t e ,

Civil
engineers

January 1962

Other
engineers

m

502

352

2U5

183

62

i
10
6
1
56
67
102
1
1

1
h

3
1
55
i|0
77
1
1

__
6
3
1
27
25
_

171

no

8
8
10
27
17
39
8
10
3
13
3
25

h

19
Hi
21
6
8
—
1
3
22

6
8
3
18
2
2
3
12
—
3

South......................................

ll|0

69

71

Alabama..................................
Arkansas,........... .....................
Delaware.................................
Florida...................... ............
Georgia..................................
Kentucky.............................. .
Louisiana................................
Maryland.................................
Mississippi....................... '...... .
North Carolina............................
Oklahoma......................... ........
South Carolina............................
Tennessee................................
Texas,.............. ....................
Virginia................... ..............
West Virginia.......••••••........

8
2
2
5
5
ll
28
6
3

5
2
—
—
5
8
—
3
1
28
1
_
1

3

Illinois.......... ............ ......... .
Indiana.... ........ .....................
Iowa.....................................
Kansas................................ .
Michigan.................................
Minnesota............................... .
Missouri........... .....................
Nebraska......... .......................
North Dakota.............................
Ohio............. .......................
South Dakota.............................
Wisconsin................................

Far West...................................
Alaska............................... .
Arizona..................................
California...............................
Colorado.................................
Hawaii...................................
Idaho................... .................
Montana..................................
Nevada...................................
New Mexico,........................ ......
Oregon........ ......... ....... ........ ,
Utah.................................... .
Washington........................ ...... .
Wyoming...................... ........... ,




h h

3
—
5
U
9
5
298
11
12
137
13
—

k

1
13
12
26
3
61
5

61
k

8
h

2
5
3
28
3
2
16
2
_
U

k

8
3

l
2

liiO

158

h
h

53
6
—
2
—
11
—
20
1
36
3

7
8
81
7
—
2
1
2
12
6
2
25
2

33

■Table A - 8.

State

Engineers in all agencies, by primary function and State, January 1962

All
functions

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

Total..................

33,991;

769

8,810

6,21*6

15,989

2,180

Northeast.....................

7,8U6

72

2,080

2,608

2,250

836

59
17
61*
19
318
1,U79
596
9

112
235
318
176
592
1*08
316

37U
*
29
11
103
81*

61
32

—
196

1,558

3,611

258

707
U6
112
1*6
336

23U
36U
203
237
U5U

3i;7
217
80
786
1*35

60
10
9
1*7
28
6
23
8
22
36
—
9

5,226

379

Connecticut..................
6U3
Maine.................
299
772
Massachusetts.............. .
New Hampshire...............
3U2
1,061*
New Jersey..................
3,081;
New York...... ............. .
Pennsylvania................
1,237
Rhode Island......... ......
107
Vermont..................... .. .
298_ .

1*
—
5
l
l
29
2i*
—
8

9l*
1*2
356
135
50
1,081*
267
37
....... 15 .
1.U96

h i

Middle West...................

7,257

33U

Illinois....................
Indiana.................. .
Iowa................. ......
Kansas......................
Michigan....................
Minnesota............... .
Missouri................... .
Nebraska....................
North Dakota................
Ohio........................
South Dakota................
Wisconsin...................

1,550
U7U
3U7
167
975
592
79U
279
168
896
76
63^

90
1
5
86
71
16
11
3
5
36
5
5

32
25
163

117
29
18
6
3
27

South............ ..........

8,868

139

1,719

i,U05

531
177
70
61*2
920
711
51*6
560
2i*7
821
168
877
332
1,393
7l*5

5
5
1
15
lU
7

115
1*1*
1*
195
152

3 k

128

3
5
2
20
—
—
13
15
—

68
36
67
131
25
285
9
88
232
58

Far West...... ................

10,023

221*

3,515

Alaska.......... ...........
Arizona.....................
California..................
Colorado........... .
Hawaii. ........... ..........
Idaho.................... .
Montana.••••••••••••.........
Nevada............... ......
New Mexico...................
Oregon.............. ........
Utah........................
Washington.... ........ .
Wyoming......................

256
116
6,027
1*08
192
116
319
187
112
72l*
236
1,080
250

5
99
22
5
2
35
9
5
30
5
3
1*

Alabama.... ...... ..........
Arkansas.... ..... ...........
Delaware.•••••••••.... .
Florida........ .
Georgia..... ...............
Kentucky. •••••......•••••••••
Louisiana...................
Maryland............... .
Mississippi..... ....... .....
North Carolina..............
Oklahoma.....................
South Carolina.
Tennessee.... ...............
Texas............ ..........
Virginia..... ...............
West Virginia...............




1*59
53
18
51
86
2I4.8
296
22
h i

210

157
11
2 ,1 9 k

106
95
11
52
88
13
15
99
60
1U

111

6 k

.

211

k3

52

3U7
116
65
385
720
352
159
257
161*
561*
106
1*90
68
1,11*7
271
15

675

h,902

8
1
1*57*
13
17
10
85
9
28
5
27

86
99
2,103
228
63
88
101
81
65
661
93
1,013
221

12
—

lii
3 k

81*
21*
261
7
116
16
79
2i*l
ll*l*
221

k

11

3 k

-3
—
58
261
3
k

8
1
23
Hi
1
—

3
101

5
—

571*
39
12
5
1*6
—
1
13
12
~

34
Table A -9*

State

Engineers in highway agencies, by primary function and State, January 1962

All
functions

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

Total....................

30,048

650

7,914

5,229

14,317

1,938

Northeast,.... ............... .

6,662

59

1,786

2,348

1,682

787

Connecticut. ....... ....... ..
Maine.......................
Massachusetts.. .......... .
New Hampshire............. .
New Jersey.•••••••••••••••••••
New York................... ..
Pennsylvania................
Rhode Island................ .
Vermont......................

613
258
685
322
893
2,658
.870
86
277

4
—
—
..
_
26
21

50
5
31
11
270
1,375
563
3
40

104
224
313
170
482
222
90
53
24

373
..
15
11
103
78
11

8

82
29
326
130
38
957
185
30
9

6,433

296

1,277

1,375

3,317

168

1,438
400
308
399
835
508
758
249
148
802
56
532

60
—
5
80
71
16
10
3
5
36
5
5

436
20
14
36
50
227
286
12
36
9
21
130

679
22
90
29
299
107
104
26
18
1

208
358
199
215
407
158
341
200
70
734
30
397

55

7,950

120

1,528

1,178

4,808

495
160
64
578
898
632
415
495
215
705
130
823
303
1,235
691
111

1
5
1
7
14
7
34
3
5
..
20
_
—
12
11
—

103
40
3
188
145
191
31
17
66
99
20
276
2
62
230
55

56
8
..
10
25
66
_
231
—
101
—
69
241
123
200
48

335
107
60
373
714
335
90
244
144
500
90
478
46
1,037
250
5

9,003

175

3,323

328

4,510

225
87
5,559
327
150
100
297
159
61
617
202
986
233

•mm

150
7
2,729
81
73
10
49
84
3
_

5
—
192
..
11
4
80

70
79
1,971
194
56

Middle West....... ........ ..
Illinois....................
Indiana.....................
Iowa........................
Kansas... ......... ..........
Michigan....... .
Minnesota.......... .
Missouri....................
Nebraska. ••••••...••.........
North Dakota..
Ohio. •••••..... .
South Dakota.
Wisconsin...................
South.
Alabama.....................
Arkansas. ••••• ..... ..... ...
Delaware....................
Florida.....................
Georgia......................
Kentucky. ......... ...... .
L o u i s i a n a . ..........
Maryland....................
Mississippi.................
North Carolina................
Oklahoma.•••••..............
South Carolina .......... .
Tennessee.•••••..............
Texas.......................
Virginia............... .....
West Virginia...............
Far West......................
Alaska. ..... ..... .
Ar izona.................... .
California...................
Colorado.....................
Hawaii.... ....... ...........
Idaho...... .......... ......
Montana.....................
Nevada..................... .
New Mexico.••••......... .
Oregon.................... ..
Utah........................
Washington.••••••••••.... .
Wyoming........... .




1
93
21
1
2
35
5
5
3
5
—

4

90
35
12

—

8
2
..
19
—
7

84
87
62
51
614
81
951
210

196

..
39

8
—
17

8
19
22
—
316

—
—
33
260
—
5
_
_
14
1
_
3
667
_
574
31
9
_

46
__
7
—

35
Table A-10* Engineers in public works agencies (except highway), by primary function and State, January 1962

State

All
functions

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

Total.•••.................

727

34

216

106

267

104

Northeast.....................

178

1

55

29

67

26

Connecticut.........
Maine. ....................
Massachusetts..... ...... .
New Hampshire...... ....... .
New Jersey.
New York...................
Pennsylvania...............
Rhode Is land.
..... .
Vermont.

15
12

__

—
..
1
—
---—

9
4
—
2
—
—
34
4
2

—
—
2
13
-10
-4

6
5
-1
3
-44
3
5

..
3
—
-—
-23
-—

98

~

47

22

15

14

3
18
2
14
17
—
-4
7
24
8
1

__

1
—
—

..
1
—

—

2
13
1
13
5
—
—
—
5
4
3
1

__

2
3
--

1
--4
2
5
2
--

—
—
—
—
—
13
—
—

--

60

20

109

31

2
—
—
2
—
-27
13
1
3
3
—
—
9
—

2
—
—
6
—
—
4
1
6
-1
—
—
--

—

—

..
—
-1
—
-49
7
3
21
2
—
—
15
6
5

_

—
—
-—
25
—
-—
3
1
2
—
—
—
""

54

35

76

33

4
3
—
29

5
—
—
1
3
5

Middle West..................
Illinois...................
Indiana....................
Iowa................. .
Kansas........ .............
Michigan. ...... .......... .
M i n n e s o t a . .......
Missouri ..•••..........
Nebraska.•
North Dakota............. .
Ohio.......................
South Dakota............... .
Wisconsin.••••••••••••••••••.
South................ .
Alabama. ...................
Arkansas
Delaware................. .
Florida...••••••••••••••••••.
Georgia.................. .
Kentucky. •••••.........
Louisiana-,....... .
Maryland.
Mississippi.................
North Carolina.........••••••
Oklahoma.....................
South Carolina.............
Tennessee............ ....••••
Texas.•••••••••••••••••...•••
Virginia............ .......
West Virginia.... ..........
Far West.......... .
Alaska•••••••••••••••••••.•• •
Arizona....................
California................
Colorado. ......... •••••••.••
Hawaii•••••••.... .
Idaho.•••••••••••••••••••••• •
Montana.•••••••••••••••••••..
Nevada........ .............
New Mexico.•
Oregon. .....................
Utah.......................
Washington.................
Wyoming........... •••••••••




6
16
—
Ill
7
11

220
4
—
-9
—
25
80
21
10
27
7
2
—

24
6
5
231
9
5
—
53
31
7
10
8
31
41
26
2
8

—
—
—
—
—
--—
—

—
-—
—
—
-—
—
—
—

-—
-—
-33

4
1
1
11
--—

....

—
-1
4

2
—
19
18

-—
3
6

—
—

—

—
--

1
1
5
2
6

4
—

24
—
—

—

1
15
2
6
2

--

2
9
2
10
—
9
—

—
—

1
13
5
—

8

36

Table A-ll* Engineers in health and welfare agencies, by primary function and State, January 1962

State

Total,. ............. .

All
functions

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

1,257

19

183

380

639

36

373

3

34

90

240

6

9
14
39
13
55
122
1069
6

..
1
-1
1
—
_
—

4
15
2
2
3
4
1
3

8
8
19
6
35
7
2
4
1

2
4
5
17
106
100
4
2

1
..
—
-—
5
—
..
— .

Middle West................. .

326

—

46

103

149

28

Illinois...... .......... .
Indiana. ....... ...... .....
Iowa.......................
Kansas.................. .
Michigan.......... ........
Minnesota.............. ....,
Missouri,.,••••••••.........
Nebraska.......
North Dakota.............. .
Ohio.......................
South Dakota................
Wisconsin..... ........ ..

45
38
24
20
58
25
20
5
8
44
7
32

_
••
-—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
~

6
7
2
—
9
2
3
1
1
6
1
8

23
19
20
16
—
—
13
1
-1
..
10

16
4
2
4
29
23
4
3
7
37
6
14

8
—
—
20
—
—
—
—
—
-—

South.................. ••••••

329

7

67

126

127

2

Alabama.••••••••...........
Arkansas....................
Delaware..••••••••..........
Florida........... ..........
Georgia........ ............
Kentucky..••••.............
Louisiana................ ..
Maryland................ .
Mississippi................
North Carolina.............
Oklahoma..... ..... ........
South Carolina..............
Tennessee.•••••••••.... .
Texas......................
Virginia...................
West Virginia............. .

19
9
4
44
14
27
12
29
7
28
14
16
24
63
16
3

3
—
-4
—
-—
—
—
-—
—
--—
--

6
4
—
5
5
7
4
5
—
4
1
6
5
15
—
~

4
—
—
28
8
9
6
24
—
11
4
3
—
12
15
2

6
5
4
5
1
11
2
—
7
13
9
7
19
36
1
1

—
-—
—
—

Far W est................ •••..

229

9

36

61

123

--

6
10
120
10
9
5
7
4
6
23
4
21
4

4
5
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
-—

1
15
2
3
1
2
1
2
5
2
2

-38
7
-4
4
—
2
—
1
1
4

Northeast............... •••••
Connect 1cut •••••••••••..... .
Maine,............... .
Massachusetts..••••••••.•••••
New Hampshire,.............
New Jersey.................
New York,....... ......... .
Pennsylvania.... ........ ..,
Rhode I s l a n d . ,
Vermont. ••••••••.... ..... ..

Alaska......................
Arizona....................
California.......... ...... .
C o l o r a d o . ...........
Hawaii......................
Idaho............. ...... .
Montana. .......... .........
Nevada.••••••••••••••••••••• •
New Mexico.••••••••••.••....
Oregon.....................
Utah.......................
Washington.............. .
Wyoming....................




_

..

6
5
62
1
6
1
3
2
18
1
18
■”

„
—
..
2
—
—
—
—
—
--

..
—
—
-—
—
—
-—
--

- 37
Table A-12. Engineers in agriculture and conservation agencies, by primary function and State, January 1962

State

All
functions

Total,..................

854
245

Northeast, ............ .
Connecticut,...... .........
Maine,.....................
Massachusetts..... .
New Hampshire,............. .
New Jersey,.......... .
New York,...................
Pennsylvania,..... ...... .
Rhode Island,..,,.........
Vermont,............... ..

1
10
6
1
56
67
102
1
1

Middle West,.......... *......

171

Illinois...................
Indiana....................
Iowa.......................
Kansas,.....................
Michigan. ................ .
Minnesota,.................
Missouri. ........ ........ .
Nebraska........ ......... .
North Dakota............... .
Ohio.......................
South Dakota••••...........
Wisconsin..................

8
8
10
27
17
39
8
10
3
13
3
25

South. •••••••.••..... .

•

Alabama,....................
Arkansas,,............... ..
Delaware...................
Florida,....... ............
Georgia, ...... .............
Kentucky,.••••••.•••••......
Louisiana,
Maryland,...................
Mississippi. ......... .
North Carolina.... ........ .
Oklahoma. ............ ......
South Carolina,•••••.... ••••
Tennessee,...........
Texas......................
Virginia....................
West Virginia...............
Far West..... .......... .
Alaska,. ••••..........••••••
Ar izona ............ ........
California............... .
Colorado....................
Hawaii................. •••••
Idaho........ .............
Montana,...................
Nevada,............ .......
New Mexico,•••....... ......
Oregon,....................
Utah................... .
Washington.
Wyoming, ..... •••••••.......




Operations
and
services

Planning

Inspection

28

248

122

425

31

6

59

28

150

2

1
1

3
«...

5
2
1
..
16
35
_«

—

—

Research

3

1
3

Other

'1
..

1

—
56
41
48
1
—

—

55

12

78

20

mm

1
-__
8
—
—
..
..
1
..
2

2
__
—
18
4
25
2
8
..
6
3
10

4
1
9
1
--

—

2
6
1
2
5
14
6
2
__
6
—
11

..
-3
—
-2

140

11

49

21

56

3

8
2
2
5
5
11
28
6
3
44
3
—
5
4
9
5

1
_
«...
4
—
—
—
—
-2
—
-_
—
4
—

3
_
1
..
2
6
6
—
-22
1
..
2
1
2
3

2
-__
—
1
4
12
-—
2
—
—
..
—
-—

2
2
1
1
2
1
9
4
3
18
2
3
3
3
2

—
-1
2
—
..
—
—
-—
—
—

5

85

61

141

6

«..

3
__
46
2
__
__
__
2
3
5
1
21
2

3
1
43
2
__
2
«...

5
11
48
3

6

298
11
12
137
13
..
4*
1
13
12
26
3
61
5

—

6
__
—
6
..
..
—
-_

__
__
__

__
3
2
—

—
—
9
16

7
3

—

2
1
11
2
15
2
38
3

..
1
--

—
..

--

- 38 Table A-13.

Occupation

Engineers in all agencies, by primary function and occupation, January 1962
A ll
fu n ction s

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
se r v ice s

Other

Number employed

E ngineers............... . ..........................

33,99U

769

8,810

6,21*6

15,989

2,180

C i v i l ................................................
O t h e r ..............................................

30,01)7
3,91)7

607
162

7,961)
81)6

5,268
978

11), 518
1,1)71

1,690
1)90

1)7.0

6.1*

1*8. 1*

5 .6
12.1)

Percent d is tr ib u tio n
Engineers............................................

100.0

2.3

25.9

18. 1)

C i v i l ................................................
Other................................................

100.0
100.0

2 .0
l*.l

26.5
21.1)

17 .5
21).8

Table A -ll*.

Occupation

37.3

Engineers in highway ag en cies, by primary fu n ction and occu pa tion , January 1962

A ll
fu n ctio n s

Research

Planning

In spection

Operations
and
s e r v ice s

Other

Number employed

Engineers......................................
C i v i l ................................................
Other..................... ........................ ..

30,01*8

650

7,911)

5,229

11), 317

1,938

27,878
2,170

5Uo
110

7,391)
520

1),81)7
382

13,506
811

1,591
3U7

Percent d is tr ib u tio n
E n gin eers.........................................

100.0

2.2

26,3

17.U

U7.6

6.1*

C i v i l ........................... ..................
Other....................................... ..

100.0
100.0

1 .9
5 .1

26.5
2l*.0

17.1)
17 .6

U8.5
37.1*

5 .7
16.0




39

Table A-15.

Engineers in public works agencies (except highway), by primary function and occupation, January 1962

AU
functions

Occupation

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

Number employed
.......

727

34

216

106

267

104

Civil................... .
Other...... .................

489
238

30
4

165
51

57
49

195
72

42
62

Engineers..•

Percent distribution
Engineers................ •••••

100.0

4.7

29.7

14.6

36.7

14.3

Civil..,.,..................
Other.................•••••••

100.0
100.0

6.1
1.7

33.7
21.4

11.7
20.6

39.9
30.3

8.6
26.1

Table A-16.

Engineers in health and welfare agencies, by primary function and occupation, January 1962

Occupation

All
functions

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

Number employed

Engineers....... ............. .

1,257

19

183

380

639

36

Civil.......................
Other ...... .

873
384

12
7

146
37

263
117

424
215

28
8

__________
1
Percent distribution
Engineers......................

100.0

1.5

14.6

30.2

50,8

2.9

Civil...... .............. .
Other...... .

100.0
100.0

1.4
1.8

16.7
9.6

30.1
30.5

48.6
56.0

3.2
2.1




40
Table A-17, Engineers in agriculture and conservation agencies, by primary function and occupation, January 1962

Occupation

All
functions

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

Number employed
Engineers.....................

854

28

248

122

425

31

Civil.......................
Other,.......... ........... .

502
352

8
20

157
91

38
84

290
135

9
22

Percent distribution
Engineers..... •••••••.........

100.0

3.3

29.0

14.3

49.8

3.6

Civil....,............. .
Other.......................

100.0
100.0

1.6
5.7

31.3
25.9

7.6
23.9

57.7
38.3

1.8
6.2




41
Table A -18.

Scientists in all agencies, by type of agency and State, January 1962

Highway and public works
All
agencies

Total

14,035

825

Northeast,•••••....

2,787

Connecticut..•••.
Maine..........
Massachusetts.•••
New Hampshire....
New Jersey.••••••
New York.......
Pennsylvania.••••
Rhode Island.....
Vermont..........

Health and welfare

Agriculture and conservation

Public
works

Total

730

95

4,986

3,836

825

325

7,447

2,027

2,439

2,981

777

120

116

4

1,436

974

348

114

981

190

256

535

250

190
207
504
50
288
788
564
95
101

12
5
—
3
2
32
65
..
1

12
5
__
3
2
32
62
..
—

—
_
-—
—
3
..
1

113
57
384
14
206
380
157
66
59

57
37
205
14
107
377
86
56
35

52
20
174
—
17
__
71
10
4

4
_
5
—
82
3
—
__
20

58
145
112
30
69
214
286
29
38

47
19
21
44
—
43
11
5

58
32
..
2
17
11
117
13
6

66
93
7
8
203
126
5
27

7
-8
3
11
162
56
__
3

2,735

198

182

16

853

639

175

39

1,451

232

462

757

233

Illinois.........
Indiana..........
Iowa......... .
Kansas...........
Michigan.........
Minnesota........
Missouri........
Nebraska. ..... .
North Dakota.....
Ohio.......... .
South Dakota.....
Wisconsin......

347
219
67
164
487
415
192
83
145
326
67
223

31
7
6
52
24
8
30
7
7
12
4
10

28
7
52
21
8
30
7
6
11
2
10

3
—
6
_
3
..
-..
1
1
2
—

122
140
9
39
121
95
39
27
45
159
9
48

109
109
9
39
108
48
38
15
44
67
9
44

27
__
_
13
30
..
12
1
92
—
—

17
—
_
__
—
78
46
32
19
-40
—

11
—
29
,26
92
68
33
4
60
62
8
69

23
64
20
44
243
156
23
4
14
85
6
75

143
8
3
3
7
10
21
9

-4

51
64
49
70
335
302
102
40
93
147
54
144

South. ...... ••••••

3,890

240

188

52

1,478

1,280

74

124

2,014

475

802 |

737

158

192
131
39
495
129
224
110
215
292
265
67
153
278
594
582
124

15
12
—
6
2
12
9
—
59
31
6
2
15
23
33
15

15
12
-4
2
12
9
—
59
14
6
2
15
-26
12

__
—
—
2
—
--—
—
17
0
—
-23
7
3

67
10
16
190
63
108
21
166
7
91
33
44
148
343
170
1

65
10
13
188
57
78
21
123
7
91
25
27
146
258
170
1

2
—
3
1
—
6
—
43
-—
—
17
2
-—

1
6
24
—
—
—
-8
—
—
85
—
—

99
107
23
282
43
95
75
42'
199
131
24
94
115
207
375
103

22
17
6
34
20
27
57
6
10
39
-16
36
98
42
45

26
55 i
10 1
143
18
-5
—
60
86
8
29
33
100
224
5

51
35
7
105
5
68
13
36
129
6
16
49
46
9
109
53

11
2
-17
21
9
5
7
27
12
4
13
-21
4
5

4,623

267

244

23

1,219

943

228

48

919

952

136

143
134
1,888
143
434
344
131
93
131
496
180
404
102

15
6
136
8
9
10
1
-8
29
36
—
9

15
6
136
_
8
10
_

12
48
559
29
290
37
16
23
52
52
20
73
8

11
48
364
29
256
30
16
14
46
50
20
55
4

1
..
177

23
327
76
96
201
52
15
27
38
__
34
30

18
7
494
1
14
27
18
9
4
162
2
191
5

1
5
53
1
5
—
2
3
4
61
-1
—

State

Total.......

Middle West..•••••••

Alabama..........
Arkansas..•••••••
Delaware.........
Florida........
Georgia..........
Kentucky.........
Louisiana......
Maryland.... .
Mississippi*.•...
North Carolina...
Oklahoma..•••••••
South Carolina...
Tennessee•
Texas..........
Virginia...... .
West Virginia....
Far West.........
Alaska....... . •
Arizona.........
California.....
Colorado.......
Hawaii.......
Idaho..........
Montana........
Nevada.........
New Mexico. .....
Oregon..•••••••••
Utah.......... .
Washington......
Wyoming..........




Highway

8
26
26
-9

—
—
8
1
.
1
—
—
3
10
-—

Physical Mental
health health

Welfare

13
4_
-17
1
_
_

—

..
18
__
—
_

34
7
..
9
—
..
—
—

•

..
6
2
—
13
4

Total

Fish
and
game

'

3,001

1,130

115
75
1,140
105
130
297
112
67
67
354
124
330
85

97
45
319
28
20
69
42
43
36
154
122
105
50

Agri­ Natural
re­
culture
sources

j
1
1
;
,
1
!•

Other
agencies

8
-21

- 42
Table A-19.

Scientists in all agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

Geologists
All
Chemists and geo­
scientists
physicists

State

Agricul­
tural
Biological
Mathema­ Medical
ticians scientists scienists scientists

Other
Psychol­
ogists scientists

Total........

14,035

1,381

898

448

1,930

4,073

4,514

517

274

Northeast...........

2,787

325

93

125

515

648

812

189

80

Connecticut......
Ma ine.............
Massachusetts....
New Hampshire....
New Jersey........
New Yor k..........
Pennsylvania.....
Rhode Island.....
Vermont...........

190
207
504
50
288
788
564
95
101

21
10
42
11
17
171
43
5
5

5
31

1
26
215
6
124
42
66
12
23

58
69
91
9
32
103
233
5
48

74
60
78
23
78
348
65
69
17

24
5
68

2
1

-7
28
22
---

5
5
10
1
19
66
16
3
--

8
10
67
1
6

3
20
52
-2

Middle W e s t .........

2,735

327

311

113

257

695

882

77

73

Illinois..........
Indiana...........
Iowa..............
Kans a s ............
Michigan..........
Minnesota.........
Missouri..........
Nebraska..........
North Dakota.....
Ohio..............
South Da k o t a .....
Wisconsin.........

347
219
67
164
487
415
192
83
145
326
67
223

63
16
11
38
70
32
21
9
13
24

28
4
1
2
16
10
9
3

30

69
7
9
71
49
5
46
4
21
20
9
1

24

17
36
5
6
-30
22
16
9
87
2
27

22
29
12
20
142
188
31
6
59
96
8
82

145
75
19
15
202
111
59
40
38
79
47
52

—

—

16
__

13
7
36
1
4
5
4

3
39
10
12
1
3
3
1
--

7

1
-86

3,890

430

220

93

619

1,161

1,105

176

Alabama...........
Arkansas..........
Delaware..........
Florida...........
Georgia..... .
Kentucky..........
Louisiana.........
Maryland..........
Mississippi......
North Carolina....
Oklahoma..........
South Carolina....
Tennessee.........
Te x a s .............
Virginia..........
West Virginia....

192
131
39
495
129
224
110
215
292
265
67
153
278
594
582
124

24
14
-75
29
24
18
24
16
53
18
17
20
23
62
13

21
3
4
16
4
7
21
2
11
19
19
8
16
26
28
15

5
6
1
6
4
2
-10
3
16
2
3
8
15
10
2

8
1
6
16
40
47
6
65
15
24
6
28
66
176
115
--

58
83
13
168

2

80
5
35
161
51
-41
47
114
259
46

74
21
13
152
43
52
55
68
35
90
13
29
118
190
105
47

1
57
5
7
5
9
-4
9
26
1
50
--

2
51
8
-1
2
__
3
1

Far W e s t ............

4,623

299

274

117

539

1,569

1,715

75

35

Alaska............
Arizona...........
California. ......
Colorado..........
Hawaii............
Idaho.............
Montana...........
Nevada............
New Mexico........
Oregon............
U t a h..............
Washington........
Wyoming...........

143
134
1,888
143
434
344
131
93
131
496
180
404
102

6
6
199
15
-3
8
6
7
24
5
17
3

15
6
149
1
1
8
2
2
12
24
28
14
12

2
3
49
7
12
3
3
1
4
20
8
4
1

6
24
242
3
147
16
5
8
20
22
7
37
2

13
24
641
68
70
212
63
20
27
208

101
63
580
41
178
98
49
49
56
181
132
133
54

7
16
__
26
4
1
7
4
4
__
5
1

1
12
8
__
--

South.... ..........




L

194
29

3
1
5
4
5

1
13
__

-''

- 43
Table A -20. Scientists in highway and public works agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962
All
scientists

Chemists

Geologists
and
geophysicists

825

225

Northeast.............. ................... .

120

Connecticut............. ............ .....
Maine.......................... ..........
Massachusetts..... ........................
New hampshire..............................
New. Jersey...... ............... ...........
New Y o r k . . . ... ...... ............ .
Pennsylvania............. ............••••••
Rhode Island...............................
Vermont........ ............. ........ ••....

12
5
—
3
2
32
65
—
1

Middle West... ......... .......... ......... .

State

Total...............................

Mathematicians

Other
scientists

382

99

119

29

23

23

H5

7
—
—
2
—
10
9
1

5
5
—
—
—
12
1
—
—

—
—
1
1
10
11
—
~

__
—
—
—
1
—
HU
—
—

198

9ii

80

17

7

31
7
6
£2

3
2
—
30
15
—
10
3
7
6
3
1

2
—
—
—
2
~
9
—
—
—
—

b

-1
—
1
—
—
—
1
—

Illinois..................................
Indiana........... .......... ••••••..... .
Iowa....................... ......... .....
Kansas......... ...........................
Michigan. ••••..... ••••••••••.... ...........
Minnesota......................... .......
Missouri.......................... ........
Nebraska..................................
North Dakota........... ............ ......
Ohio.....................................
South Dakota..............................
Wisconsin.................................

8
30
7
7
12
U
10

26
5
2
22
6
8
10
U
—
6
—
5

South........ ..............................

2H0

79

85

19

57

Alabama.................. .................
Arkansas.. .................................
Delaware.............................. .
Florida...................................
Georgia...................................
Kentucky..................................
Louisiana....... ........... ........ ......
Maryland................................. .
Mississippi. •••••.••........... ............
North Carolina.............................
Oklahoma. ..................... ........... .
South Carolina....... ..................... .
Tennessee...................... .......... .
Texas....................................
Virginia..................................
West Virginia. ................. ...........

15

6
1
—
3
2
6
2
—
6
19
2

U
3
—
3
—
5
7
—
2
12

5
5
—
—
—
1—
—
—
—

_
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
51
—

—

—

—

—

12
—
10
10

3
22
15
5

2
—
1
5
--

—
—
—
3
--

Far West....... ...... .....................

267

23

19k

Ho

10

Alaska...... ........... .................
Arizona................. ............... .
California.............. ...... ...........
Colorado........... ......................
Hawaii......................... ...........
Idaho......... ........ ..................
Montana............ ......... ......... .
Nevada.... .............................. .
New Mexico....................... .........
Oregon.................................. .
Utah.....................................
Washington. ................... ............
Wyoming..................... ........ ......

15
6
136
8
9
10
1

2
2
7

13
3
113

_
—
15

_
1
1
8




2h

12
—
6
2
12
9
—
59
31
6
2
15
23
33
15

—

8
29
36

—

0
1
—
—
—

9
2
—

—

9

k

—

—

1
8
1
—
8
13
26
—
8

8
1
—
—
—

—

k

—
—
—
—
—

7
8
—

—
—
—

1

44
Table A -21,

State

Scientists in health and welfare agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962
A ll
s c ie n tis ts

Chemists

Mathema­
tic ia n s

M edical
s c ie n tis ts

A gricu l­
tu ra l
s c ie n tis ts

B io lo g ic a l
s c ie n tis ts

Psychol­
o g ists

Other
s c ie n tis ts

T o ta l................................

U ,986

632

151

1 ,8 2 3

79

1 ,7 6 0

U58

83

N ortheast....................................... ..

l,li3 6

230

28

50U

Uo

U7U

150

10

C onnecticut................................
Maine................................ ..
M assachusetts............................
Hew Hampshire............................
New J e r s e y ................................
New York......................................
Pennsylvania..............................
Rhode I s la n d ........................
Vermont.........................................

113
57
38U
1U
206
380
157
66
59

Hi
10
36
7
12
128
Hi
5
U

5

26

10
—
—
3
—

213
5
12I4
35
65
12
23

7U
11
5U

—
—
—
2
8
—
—

15

Uo
197
UO
U5
11

2U
5
68
—
8
—
38
1
6

—

Middle W est.....................................

853

99

51

2i0i

10

33U

71

UU

122
IliO
9
39
121
95
39
27
15
159
9
U8

10
11
—
6
38
1
3
3
13
11
...

19
2
—
2
6
7
—
—

3

12
—
3

17
36
U
6
—
2U
22
13
7
87
2
26

3
1
2
—
1
—
—
1
1
—
1

76
U2
U
1U
72
25
13
6
19
UU
7
12

South................ ............................ ....

1,U 78

125

31

578

2U

Alabama.........................................
Arkansas.......................................
D elaw are......................................
F lo rid a .........................................
G eorgia.........................................
Kentucky................................
L o u isia n a .,....................... ..
M aryland.....................................
M ississip p i................................
North C arolina.
Oklahoma.......................................
South C a ro lin a .•••••••.•••
T ennessee.• • • • • ....................
T e x a s............................................
V irg in ia .......................................
West V irg in ia ............................

67
10

U
5
—
11
11

„
—
—

6
—
1
2
—
8
6
U
—

8
1
6
16
Uo
U7
6
65
—
2ii
6
9
59
176
115
—

iil

1»97

I ll i n o i s .......................................
Indiana.........................................
Iowa................ ......................... ..
Kansas.............. ......................
M ichigan.....................................
M in n e s o ta .................. ...............
M issouri.................................. ....
Nebraska......... ......................
North Dakota.
Ohio....................... ................. ..
South Dakota..............................

16
190
63
108
21
166
7
91
33
UU
1U8
3U3
170
1

16
8
22
7
7
3
6
8
12
U
1

Far W est...........................................

1 ,2 1 9

178

A laska...........................................
A rizo n a ...................................
C a lifo r n ia ••••••.....................
Colorado.......................................
H aw aii..........................................
Id a h o ............. ...............................
Montana.................................... ..
Nevada.......................................
New M exico..................................
Oregon.............. .......................... ..
Utah................................................
W ashington..................................
Wyoming.................................... ....

12
U8
559
29
290
37
16
23
52
52
&)
73
8

1
U
135
11
~
1
2
3
5
7
3
6
—*




1

10
—

—

—
1
—
2
1

2
27
2
—

2
—
—

u
u
—
—

6
2li
205
3
Hi6
Hi
5
8
20
20
7
37
2

—
3
—
10
12
—
—

2

mm—
13
—
—
5
36

1
U
5
U
—

_

33

—

9
—
1
—
1
—

—
—

3

—

537

16U

19

1
—
1
—
—
2
9
—
—

53
U
7
100
6
2U
2
61
—
50
13
12
68
90
U7
—

2
—
1
57
U
6
5
9
—
U
9
1
50
—
—

"u
—
2
—
u
—
1
2
—
—
—

5

105

73

10

1
—
10
—

16

_
—
1
5

5

3
—
—
—
—

—
2
—
—

11
16U

7
. 16

13

9

—

—

118

26

—

16
8
5
16
19
10

U
1
7
U
2

25
5

—

5

1

—
—
1
—

45
Table A-22,

Scientists in agriculture and conservation agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

State

All
scientists

Chemists

Geologists
and geo­
physicists

Mathema­
ticians

Medical
scientists

Agricul­
tural
scientists

Biological
scientists

Other
scientists

Total.............

T,hli7

387

1*11

1*0

36

3,922

2,636

15

Northeast............. .....

981

18

51*

1

,T„

600

306

2

Connecticut............. .
Maine...................
Massachusetts.............
New Hampshire........ .
New Jersey...............
New York.................
Pennsylvania............. .
Rhode Island.............
Vermont..................

112
30
69
211*
286
29
38

—
—
—
1
9
8
—
—

26
—
—
7
—
21
—
—

—
—
—
1
—
—
_
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
_
—

58
69
88
9
22
85
233
5
31

1*9
21*
21
38
120
21*
21*
6

1
_
_
_
—
_
_
1

103

11*7

12

8

679

1*95

7

—
—
_
—
6
—
—
2
—
—
—

22
26
11
18
11*2
187
31
3
58
95
8
78

17
33
15
1
130
86
1*6
31*
19
31*
1*0
L*0

58

Middle West................ .
Illinois.................
Indiana.......... ••••....
Iowa....................
Kansas-...................
Michigan.................
Minnesota........... ...••
Missouri................ .
Nebraska.................
North Dakota... .........
Ohio....................
South Dakota......... .
Wisconsin................
South •••..•••..... ........
Alabama..................
Arkansas............... .
Delaware.................
Florida... ..............
Georgia................. .
Kentucky.................
Louisiana................
Maryland..... ...........
Mississippi.......... •••••
North Carolina............
Oklahoma.................
South Carolina............
Tennessee. •••••..... .
Texas...................
Virginia.................
West Virginia............
Far West........ ..........
Alaska...................
Arizona..................
California...............
Colorado.................
Hawaii...................
Idaho.... ...............
Montana......... ........
Nevada............ .......
New Mexico......... ......
Oregon...................
Utah....................
Washington...............
Wyoming..................




51
61*
1*9
70
335
302
102
1*0
93
11*7
51*
11*1*
?,om
99
107
23
282
1*3
95
75
1*2
199
131
21*
91*
115
207
375
103
3,001
115
75
1,11*0
105
130
297
112
67
67
35U
121*
330
85

12
—
9
10
25
17
5
2
—
1*
—
19

5
9
1*1
31*
5
18
1
n*
n*
6
~

1
—
—
—
—
...
7

186

131

11

26

1,121

538

1

n*
7
—
57
13
—
3
—
—
25
9
10
—
3
1*5
—

17
—
1*
12
3
—
11*
2
9
7
15
8
13
1*
13
10

„
—
_
1
—
—
—
—
1
9
—
—
—
—
—
—

„
—
—
_
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
19
7
—
—
—

58
83
13
160
__
69
5
33
155
5o
—
la
1*5
105
259
45

10
17
6
52
2-7

„
—
..

53
7
31*
1*0
—
16
50
95
58
47

80

79

16

2

1,522

1,297

13
19
637
68
70
212
63
20
21
176
—
19U
29

96
52
1*16
28
60
82
1*1
1*3
1*0

3
—
1*3
1*
—
1
6
3
2
i*
—
11
3

2
3
36
1
—
—
1
1
1*
11
2
H*
1*

—
—
—

k

1
1
6
l*
—
1
—
—
—
—
3
—*■

__
—
—
—
—
2
—
—
—
—
—
—

26

160

122
108
1*9

_
5
—
—
2
_
—
—
_
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
1
5
—
2
—
—
—
—
—
—
3

46
Table A -23,

Scientists in all agencies, by primary function and State, January 1962

State

All
functions

Total....................

14,035

2,568

1,437

2,511

6„953

566

Northeast...... ......

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

2,787

591

285

351

1,458

102

Connecticut.••••••••••••••••••
Maine.......................
Massachusetts.••••••••••••••••
New Hampshire.............. .
New Jersey.
New York.... ................
Pennsylvania. •••••...... •••••
Rhode Island..................
Vermont.•••••.... .

190
207
504
50
288
788
564
95
101

19
58
45
4
33
357
59
8
8

24
22
54
8
32
83
22
16
24

82
25
57
6
15
20
98
40
8

53
99
305
31
197
320
364
29
60

12
3
43
1
11
8
21
2
1

Middle West.................. .

2,735

641

245

400

1,304

145

Illinois................... .
Indiana................. ..
Iowa...................
Kansas......................
Michigan.
Minnesota. ••••••........•••••
Missouri ...... ..............
Nebraska. ....... ........ .
North Dakota.•••••••••••••••••
Ohio........... ............
South Dakota.••••••••.••.... .
Wisconsin.••••••••.•••••••••••

347
219
67
164
487
415
19?
83
145
326
67
223

145
36
3
77
95
103
43
15
18
75
19
12

27
40
6
8
51
21
28
6
8
36
3
11

35
21
15
56
88
59
24
13
22
37
5
25

128
117
37
22
164
225
94
45
97
177
40
158

12
5
6
1
89
7
3
4
..
1
_
17

3,890

551

494

919

1,821

105

Alabama,..*...................
Arkansas. •••••...........••••
Delaware............... •••••
Florida.•••••••••••••••••••••.
Georgia.................. .
Kentucky........ •••••••••••••
Louisiana...... .............
Maryland.
Mississippi•••••.... .
North Carolina............. ..
Oklahoma.••••••..... . ...... .
South Carolina..............*.
Tennessee.••••••••••••••••••••
Texas............... •••••••••
Virginia..... ............. .
West Virginia...••••••••••••••

192
131
39
495
129
224
110
215
292
265
67
153
278
594
582
124

38
5
12
102
11
17
31
36
13
10
20
16
35
134
41
30

22
8
3
54
33
33
1
53
28
41
6
12
27
82
80
11

41
38
5
158
33
46
4
19
59
91
11
12
1
216
182
3

84
44
18
171
42
128
73
106
189
111
30
102
208
161
278
76

7
36
1
10
10
—
1
1
3
12
—
11
7
1
1
4

Far West..................... .

4,623

785

413

841

2,370

214

A
l
a
s
k
a
.
•
Arizona......
California................. .
Colorado...... ..... ....... .
Hawaii.......... ............
Idaho.................... .
Montana.•••••••••••••••.... .
Nevada................
New Mexico.•••••••••••••••••••
Oregon...................... .
Utah........................
Washington.
Wyoming..•••••••••••••••••••••

143
134
1,888
143
434
344
131
93
131
496
180
404
102

17
20
430
39
35
26
15
2
38
55
33
64
11

11
12
139
12
40
12
12
8
12
75
42
13
25

20
17
278
47
153
124
16
14
25
45
46
20
36

95
85
1,021
44
205
103
48
69
51
265
53
307
24

South..




—
20
1
1
79
40
5
56
6
6

47
Table A - 24.

Scientists in highway and public works, agencies, by primary function and State, January 1962

State

Total................. .
Northeast............ ........
Connecticut.................
Maine. •......................
Massachusetts.................
New Hampshire............... .
New Jersey..... .............
New York.......... ..........
Pennsylvania......... ..... ..
Rhode I s l a n d . . .
Vermont........ ••••••••••••••
Middle West...................
Illinois......................
Indiana.....................
Iowa...........
Kansas.••••••.••••••••.......
Michi gan.•••.....•••.........
Minnesota............ .......
Missouri........... ..... .
Nebraska. ........ .
North Dakota.•••••••••••••.,••
Ohio........................
South Dakota.•••••••••••••.•••
Wi scons in. •••••••••........
South •••••••••••••.... ...... .
Alabama. ••••••........... .
Arkansas.
De laware •••••••••........
Florida.......
Georgia.
Kentucky. •••....... .
Louisiana. ••••..........
Maryland. •••••••...........••
Mississippi.................
North Carolina.... ....... .
Oklahoma................. .
South Carolina..••••••••••••••
Tennessee. ......... .
Texas.
Virginia. •••••••••••..... .
West Virginia.•••••••••••....
Far West..........
Alaska.......................
Ar izona •••••••••••..... .
California..................
Colorado.••••••••••••••.••••••
Hawaii.......
Idaho........................
Montana.
Nevada...,..... ••••••••••••••
New Mexico.......... •••••••••
Oregon......................
Utah........................
Washington. ......... ..... .
Wvnmina*




All
functions

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

825

146

188

190

270

31

120

12

34

41

22

11

__
1
2
22
9

__

••

..
21
_
1

_
11

32

12
5
..
3
2
32
65
..
1

—
10
..
--

--

12
5
__
—
-10
14
...
~

198

69

10

80

31

3
__

52
24
8
30
7
7
12
4
10

2
_
_
31
21
1
—
__
_
11
2
1

-—

26
...
..
21
2
7
10
7
6
—
1
—

240

38

57

15
12
—

__

7
6

__
__
2

..
1
..
5
__
1

7
..
..
—
15
..

—
7

6
..
..
..
_

_
1
9

__
1
-—

35

105

5

6
3
—
3
-11
—
--

__
1
_
1
—
—
--

__
1
—
----

2
12
9
—
59
31
6
2
15
23
33
15

—
-..
6
..
15
4
2
—

9
7
..
2
-1
--16
1
—
-—
2
19
--

267

27

87

1
4
3
1

__
-69
2
7
-1

—

—

—

—
--

—
—

—
—

--

1
15

18
9

1
5

—
5

—
--

6

15
6
136
8
9
10
1
—

—
..
2
-9

~
—
—

8

29
36

—
9

8
2
6
—
2

7
1

-—

—

—

--

5
—
—
—
-5
2

43
25
-2
—
17
7
9

----—
4

34

111

8

15
—
..
—

_«
5
63
2

—

..

-—
1
1

9

--

—

1

—
2

—

48

Table

A

- 25*

Scientists

in

health

All
functions

State

and

welfare

agencies,

Research

by

primary

Inspection

669

1,102

587

1.U36

388

12U

Connecticut*............. ...
Maine*.....................
Massachusetts...............
New Hampshire...............
New Jersey..................
New York...................
Pennsylvania................
Rhode Island............... *
Vermont.............. .......

113
57
381i
lU
206
380
157
66
59

15
1
30
—
31
283
25
—
3

6
7
U3
6
25
3
8
8
18

Middle West...................

853

195

119

122
mo
9
39
121
95
39
27
U5
159
9
U8

m
26
—
2
21
52
—
12
6
58
3
1

1.U78
67
10
16
190
63
108
21
166
7
91
33

Northeast............. ..... .

Illinois...................
Indiana....................
Iowa........ ...............
Kansas.....................
Michigan....... ............
Minnesota,................. .
Missouri...................
Nebraska*...... ............ *
North Dakota* **.i............. *
Ohio.......................
South Dakota................
Wisconsin*...... ...........
South..................... .
Alabama. ........... ........
Arkansas......... *.........
Delaware......... *........ *
Florida....................
Georgia....................
Kentucky..... .......... ...*
Louisiana..... .......... .
Maryland...... ........ .....
Mississippi..........*......
North Carolina.•••••........ .
Oklahoma....................
South Carolina........... .
Tennessee*........... ..... .
Texas........ ..............
Virginia*...................
West Virginia.... ......... *
Far West......... ............




'

—
13
3
17

k

51
6
10
—
—
39
1

U6
U7
219
2
131
9U
12U
17
37

9
2
ai
—
9
—
—
2
—

70

37U

95

2
13
5
31
—
1
3
2
10

89
70
—
6

„

250

299

13
—
3
62
3

6

1,219

3U3
7
300
2
7
10
—
—

7
—
—

10
—

—

38
18
9
29
78
a
33

725
hh

Ill
22
1

10
12
57
26
U3
16
69
7
10
25
30
119
131
126
—

9h
wmwm

156

613

5
22

7
U2

—

1

—

1x9

12
19
26
—
51
—
2U
6
U
18
62
22
—

15
35
3
15
—
U5
—
2
—

mmmm'

h
18
8
U
3
11
m
5
—

—

—

81
—

•

■

Other

63

176

k

Operations
and
services

1962

717

1
2

ms
3U3
170
1

12
U8
559
29
290
37
16
23
52
52
20
73
8

Alaska*.....................
Arizona...... ••••••........
California............ ......
Colorado....................
Hawaii......... ......... .
Idaho*............... .
Montana.....................
Nevada*.................... ...
New Mexico..................... ..............................................
Oregon..................................................................................
Utah.........................................................................................
Washington.................. ..................................................
Wyoming............... * ....................................

h

January

199

37

1726

State,

2,h29

23
1
11

1
30
—
3
2
8
9
38
—
—

hh

and

Planning

a,986

Total..................

function

1
6
1
9
1
U
a

12
29
195
23
isa
16
11
ia
33

2lx
13
59
—

5
_
87
1
1
—
—
-...
1
28
a
—
—

10
—

—

1
1
9

—
—
—

2
1

—

—
13
. .

. .
—

3
. .
—
—

1
—

a

4 9

Table

A

-26.

Scientists

in

agriculture

All
functions

State

Total................
Northeast.............. .
Connecticut........ ........
Maine......................
Massachusetts..............
New Hampshire....... ...... .
New Jersey.................
New York.... ..............
Pennsylvania......... ......
Rhode Island... ...........
Vermont...................
Middle West..................
Illinois...................
Indiana.... ...............
Iowa.......................
Kansas.............. ......
Michigan...................
Minnesota.............. .
Missouri.. ...... ...........
Nebraska...................
North Dakota...............
Ohio......................
South Dakota...............
Wisconsin..................
South......... ..... ..
Alabama............. ......
Arkansas......... .........
Delaware...................
Florida....................
Georgia......... .
Kentucky................. .
Louisiana..................
Maryland..................
Mississippi........... .....
North Carolina..............
Oklahoma...... .
South Carolina.... ........
Tennessee..................
Texas..... ................
Virginia..................
West Virginia..........
Far West.... ..... ..........
Alaska... ...... ........
Arizona....................
California............ .....
Colorado....... ......... .
Hawaii....................
Idaho.....................
Montana...... ••••••........
Nevada........... ........
New Mexico................. .
Oregon........ ...... ..... .
Utah......................
Washington............... .
Wyoming....................




•

and

conservation

Research

agencies,

by

primary

function

and

State,

January

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

5U1

1,5m

U,008

263

7,1*1*7

l,09U

981

139

75

lUo

617

58
1U5
112
30
69
21U
286
29
38

„

18
15
10
1
U
8
5
8
6

33
20
2

U
52
85
27
62
17U
182
12
19

57
13
1
2
30
23
8
5

1962

—

—
1
76
1
7

__

_

10
3
1
2
1
1
1
—
__

1

105

237

857

18

U
13
2
6
37
15
5
1
7
13
2

7
8
9
U
85
UU

n

—

36
3
22

29
33
35
16
162
187
5U
3U
68
92
35
112

—
6
—
1
—
—
—
—

333

1U2

553

91*3

U3

99
107
23
282
U3
95
75
U2
199
131
2U
9U
115
207
375
103

25
5
9
39
5
13
21
6
13
7
12
8
11
90
39
30

7
1
3
29
7
U
1
2
5
9
—
8
9
10
39
8

25
35
U
ioU
16
—
1
—
52
Ul
9
10
1
103
152
—

Uo
31
6
no
15
78
52
3U
129
. 7U
3
68
89
U
1U5
6f>

3,001

388

219

611

1,591

U5
75
1,1U0
105
130
297
112
67
67
35U
12U
330
85

17
12
123
33
23
16
15
—
23
36
27
5U

11
7
Ul
6
1U
U
6
5
1
51
36
12
25

5
10
198
U7
72
123
15
7
2U
3U
30

82
U6
758
19
21
78
36
55
1U
18U
31
2U8
19

1,1*51

23U

51
6U
U9
70
335
302
102
Uo
93
1U7
5U
mu

10
3
UU
51
50
3U
—
12
6
1U
10

2,01U

9

9
k
6

16
30

—
—
—

*

2
35
1
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
5
—
—

—
192
—
20
—

—
76
Uo
—
5
U9
—
—

2

50

Table A -27.

S cientists in all agencies,

All
functions

Occupation

by p r imary funct i o n a n d occupation, J a n u a r y 1962

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

Number employed
Scientists........... ........ .
Chemists........ ....... ......
Geologists and geophysicists.....
Mathematicians.................
Medical scientists.............
Agricultural scientists.•
Biological scientists.♦••••••••••
Psychologists..................
Other scientists............. .

14,035

2,568

1,437

2,511

6,953

566

1,381
898
448
1,930
4,073
4,514
517
274

318
334
128
282
91
1,256
111
48

61
138
115
374
233
415
46
55

519
90
13
179
1,037
644
3
26

437
316
153
1,037
2,539
2,033
327
111

46
20
39
58
173
166
30
34

Percent distribution
Scienti sts..................... .

100.0

18.3

10.2

17.9

49.6

4.0

Chemists.................. •••••
Geologists and geophysicists....
Mathematicians........ .
Medical scientists........ ..
Agricultural scientists........
Biological scientists.•••••••••••
Psychologists.................
Other scientists...............

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

23.0
37.2
28.6
14.6
2.2
27.8
21.5
17.5

4.4
15.4
25.7
19.4
5.7
9.2
8.9
20.1

37.7
10.0
2.9
9.3
25.5
14.3
.6
9.5

31.6
35.2
34.1
53.7
62,4
45.0
63.2
40.5

3.3
2.2
8.7
3.0
4.2
3.7
5.8
12.4

Table A-28.

Scientists in highway agencies, by primary function and occupation, January 1962

Occupation

All
functions

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

Number employed
Scientists...... ............. .
Chemists...... ..... ...... .
Geologists and geophysicists.••.•
Mathematicians..... .......... .
Other scientists...............

730

136

174

186

212

22

199
336
94
101

38
80
8
10

2
87
63
22

124
56
6
—

35
105
14
58

««
8
3
11

Percent distribution
Scientists......... ............
Chemists...... .......... .
Geologists and geophysicists....
Mathematicians.••.•••••••......
Other scientists.




100.0

18.6

23.8

25.5

29.1

3.0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

19.1
23.8
8.5
9.9

1.0
25.9
67.0
21.8

62.3
16.7
6.4
—

17.6
31.2
14.9
57.4

2.4
3.2
10.9

51

Table A-29.

Scientists

in p u b l i c w o r k s a g e n c i e s

All
functions

Occupation

(except highway),

Research

by primary

Planning

function and occupation,

.Inspection

Operations
and
services

January

1962

Other

Number emp]Loyed
Scientists...................
Chemists* •• ............... ..
Geologists and geophysicists.
Mathematicians..............
Other scientists....... .

95

10

14

4

58

9

26
46
5
18

6
1
3

11
1
2

1
2
__
1

22
26
3
7

3
1
..
5

Percent disstribution

..

Scientists....................

100.0

5.3

39.9

5,3

46.1

3.4

Chemists...................
Geologists and geophysicists.
Mathematicians. •••••.......
Other scientists............

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

5.3
3.3
21.1

45.0
86.7
10.5

25.6
1.2
-5.3

67.4
47.9
10.0
36.8

7.0
.6

Table A-30.

—

26.3

Scientists in health and welfare agencies, by primary function and occupation, January 1962

Occupation

All
functions

Research

Planning

Inspection

Operations
and
services

Other

Number employed
Scientists....................

4,986

1,102

587

669

2,429

199

Chemists. ••••••••...... •••••
Mathematicians...... .
Medical scientists..
Agricultural scientists.....
Biological scientists.•••••••
Psychologists..............
Other scientists............

632
151
1,823
79
1,760
458
83

233
60
277
6
395
107
24

31
23
354
14
108
44
13

113
147
11
377

220
58
994
47
796
291
23

35
10
51
1
84
16
2

—

—

21

Percent distribution
Scientists...... .......... .
Chemists................. .
Mathematicians.......•••••••
Medical scientists......... .
Agricultural scientists.....
Biological scientists........
Psychologists......«•»••••...
Other scientists.••••••••••••




10Q.0

22.1

11.8

13.4

48.7

4.0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

36.9
39.8
15.2
7.6
22.4
23.4
28.9

4.9
15.2
19.4
17.7
6.1
9.6
15.7

17.9
—
8.1
13.9
21.4

34.8
38.4
54.5
59.5
45.3
63.5
27.7

5.5
6.6
2.8
1.3
4.8
3.5
2.4

25.3

52

Table

A-31.

Scientists

Occupation

in

agriculture

All
functions

and

conservation

Research

agencies,

by

Planning

primary

function

Inspection

and

occupation,

January

1962

Operations
and
services

Other

263

Number employed

Scientists,....................

7,447

1,094

541

1,541

4,008

Chemists, ...... .............
Geologists and geophysicists..
Mathematicians,..............
Medical scientists.,.........
Agricultural scientists.......
Biological scientists.........
Other scientists............

387
411
40
36
3,922
2,636
15

23
171
11

14
28
3
1
207
286
2

228
30
-3
1,024
254
2

121
171
25
26
2,433
1,219
8

—

84
804
1

1

1
11
1
6
169
73
2

Percent distribution
Scientists, ....... ............
Chemists....................
Geologists and geophysicists..
Mathematicians......... .
Medical scientists...... .
agricultural scientists......
Biological scientists........
Other scientists.............




100.0

14.7

7.3

20.7

53.8

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

5.9
41.6
27.5
—
2.1
30.5
6.7

3.6
6.8
7.5
2.8
5.3
10.8
13.3

58.9
7.3

31.3
41.6
62.5
72.2
62.2
46.3
53,4

8.3
26.1
9.6
13.3

'

3.5
.3
2,7
2.5
16.7
4.3
2.8
13.3

53

Table

A-32.

Scientists

in

all

agencies,

by

highest

academic

degree

and

State,

January

1962

Degree
State

All
scientists

Doctor's

Master’s

Bachelor*s

None

Total..... ........................

1^,035

887

2,765

8,U63

1,920

Northeast........ ..........................

2,787

275

U99

1,625

388

190
207
SOU

7
Uo

11
81
116
102
17
18

112
H j3
18U
30
1S8
S21
3S1
68
S8

U8
7
201
9
IS
23
S8
8
19

Connecticut............... ................
Maine....... ................ .......... ..
Massachusetts........................... ..
New Hampshire.............................
New Jersey................................
New York................ •••••.............
Pennsylvania................... ..........
Rhode Island..............................
Vermont............... ...................

56U
9S
101

23
17
12
—
3U
128
S3
2
6

Middle West.................................

2,735

212

S60

1,705

258

Illinois..................................
Indiana.............. ....................
Iowa........... ........... ..............
Kansas.............. .....................
Michigan..... ............................
Minnesota....... •••••.................... .
Missouri....... *....... ............ .......
Nebraska..... .......... .................
North Dakota..... ........................
Ohio.... *...............................
South Dakota...............................
Wisconsin............. ...................

3U7
219
67
16U
U87
UlS
83
1US
326
67
223

67
16
10
1U
uo
2U
12
10
7
U
1
7

66
36
17
Uo
117
Ul
61
23
28
38
17
76

192
1U9
21
102
319
227
101
:Ul
102
267
U8
136

22
18
19
8
11
123
18
9
8
17
1
U

3,890

1S8

8U3

2,560

329

192
131
39
U9S
129
22U
110
21S
292
26S
67
153
278
59U
S82
12U

U

20
28
8
132
28
3U
37
U8
3U
7U

8
26
—
27
7
16
—
S
SU
6
u
u
17
117
36
9US

South............. ........................
Alabama......... ....................... ..
Arkansas............ ......................
Delaware........... ...... .................
Florida..................................
Georgia....... .......................... .
Kentucky.......................... .
Louisiana.............. ...................
Maryland... ................. .......... ..
Mississippi................. ..............
North Carolina.......... ........... .......
Oklahoma............ .....................
South Carolina............ .................
Tennessee......... .................. .....
Texas............... .....................
Virginia............ ......................
West Virginia.... ........................
Far West... ...... ....... ................
Alaska........................ .......... .
Arizona......... .........................
California.................... ...........
Colorado.,..................... ...........
Hawaii......... ......................... .
Idaho.... ................... ........... .
Montana............... .
Nevada........................... .......
New Mexico.............. ................. .
Oregon................. ............. .
Utah.....................................
Washington................................
Wyoming...,........ ...... .................




50
288
788

192

107

6
3
6
17
U
11
10
is
U
25
is
6

31
103
120
SU
66

160
77
26
309
88
171
67
iUS
200
17U
27
103
1SU
332
U77
SO

U,623

2U2

863

2,573

1U3
13U
1,888
3ii3
U3U
3UU
131
93
131
U96
180
uou
102

6
11
118
2
20
23
3
7
U
2U
2
18
U

26
3U
268
U3
133
SI
SO
1U
20
120
36
S3
IS

80
81
868
59
238
2S1
77
60
10U
308
78
287

—

s

27

26

*

2

31
8

63U

39
U3
19
1
12
3
UU
6U
U6
1

1

54

Table

A-33,

Scientists

with

State

Total,.............................. TT
Northeast,................................
Connecticut,....................... ........
Maine, ••••.... .............................
Massachusetts...............................
New Hampshire,................. ...... ......
New Jersey,••••••.,......................
New York,,,,,,,........... ............. .
Pennsylvania..... ......... .................
Rhode Island...................... ,
Vermont.............. ......................
Middle West..................................
Illinois...................... .............
Indiana............... .....................
Iowa..... .......... ............. ..........
Kansas.....................................
Michigan............... ....................
Minnesota...... ......... ......... ....... tt
Missouri,...... ...................
Nebraska.................................. .
North Dakota.................... ......... .
Ohio.................... ...... ............
South Dakota .............................. .#
Wi sconsin................................. tt
South. .••••.... ........ ......... ...... .....

health

degrees,

All
health
degrees

by

type

of

degree

M. D.

and

State,

D. D. S.

January

1962

D. V. M.

Other

2,640

1,093

202

793

552

528

299

61

81

87

34
38
136
7
120
53
109
16
15

27
22
71
4
51
40
60
14
10

2
27
1
18
1
10
1
1

2
6
4
2
18
9
37

5
8
34

44

184

22

187

47

17
34
5
14
44
54
24
10
59
107
9
63

11
26
3
6
5
18
10
5
7
82

5
6
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
__

1
2
1
7
38
24
8

__

11

786

403
6

3

33
3
2.
1
1

11
4
4

1

51
22
8
25

1
1
26

74

138

171

2

12
4

17
3
6

58
2
3
4

Alabama. ............... ................. .
Arkansas. ...... ......................ttrf ftt
Delaware...... .............. .
Florida. ...................... ....... .....
Georgia....................................
Kentucky. ............... ..................
Louisiana..
.
.
..... .
Maryland. .................................. .
Mississippi,........................... .
North Carolina,..,,.,.,,,.,...,.,,,.,........
Oklahoma. ............................... T.rT
South Carolina................ .T..r,
Tennessee.... ............................. ,
Texas,......................................
Virginia................................. .
West Virginia.............................. .

20
4
4
231
37
42
4
71
8
43
18
35
61
69
137
2

Far West..................... ................

886

207

45

387

247

Alaska............................ ...... .
Arizona....... ......... .......... .........
California................ .................
Colorado........................ .......... .
Hawaii,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...............
Idaho......................................
Mont ana ....... ...... ............ ..........
Nevada..................................... .
New Mexico................................. .
Oregon. .................... ..... ..... .
Utah,............................... ..... .
Washington..................................
Wyoming........ ........ .......... ...........

10
29
337
3
29
197
43
10
32
50
5
111
30

6
19
84
2
20
11
4
2
17
8
2
29
3

__

1
8
176
1
9
124

3
1
73




mm

3
104
24
21
63
5
12
6
8
24
40
87
—

2
2
__
1
7
7
27
-

1
4
__
__
__
35
2
1
1
1
—

1
52
8
12
6

3
1
19
1
7
23
1

5
5
18
13
27

28
12
7
29
15
1

__
62
4
3
8
23
2
68

55
Table A-34, Technicians, by type of agency and State, January 1962
Highway and public works
State

T o t a l ....... .

All
agencies

Total

Highway

Public
works

Health and welfare

Total

Physical
health

Mental
health

Agriculture and conservation

Welfare

Total

Fish
and
game

Agr i ­
culture

Natural
re­
sources

Other
agencies

55,501

46,599

45,892

707

3,395

2,449

624

322

3,991

1,023

1,232

1,736

1,516

9,698

7,634

7,447

187

810

542

182

36

700

53

296

351

554

C o n necticut.....
M a i n e . • ..........
Mas s a c h u s e t t s . ..
N e w Hampshire...
N e w J e r s e y ......
N ew Y o r k . .......
P e n nsylvania....
Rhode Island....
V e r m o n t , ...... ..

630
210
1,222
52
448
2,839
3,351
265
131

564
154
1,031
29
221
1,774
3,583
173
55

555
149
1,031
29
217
1,774
3,420
168
54

9
5

15
15
89
17
65
247
25
25
44

16
14
10
..
15
—
125
2
—

6
..
3
12
__
2
48
15

2
25
36
1
91
450
75
9
11

2
1
24
—

4
—
163
5
1

37
29
102
17
92
247
152
75
59

_
__
23
3
—

12
4
1
9
254
6
3
7

t12
3
__
82
196
46
3
4

27
2
3
5
44
418
41
8
6

Middle West.......

13,646

11,439

11,357

82

771

361

371

39

1,027

67

239

721

409

Illinois........
I ndiana,,...••••
Iowa............
K a n s a s . ..........
M i c h i g a n . .......
M i n n e s o t a . ......
M i s s o u r i ........
Nebr a s k a . ...... .
North Dakota....
O h i o .............
South Dakota....
Wisconsin...... .

1,141
623
1,065
1,007
2,167
1,287
1,159
652
257
3,101
118
1,069

894
453
906
932
1,839
1,180
1,010
541
177
2,576
71
810

893
442
905
918
1,832
1,180
1,010
530
173
2,549
65
810

1
11
1
14
7

63
95
6
12
145
42
32
40
30
227
9
70

63
32
4
12
71
21
32
11
27
19
9
60

63
2
-71
17

—
__
__

7
—
..
13

_

—
22
-—
10

42
28
151
59
100
50
63
28
49
281
34
142

20
—
4
20
14
3
32
8
43
32
22
41

15
28
147
26
86
40
9
12
1
249
7
101

142
47
2
4
33
15
54
43
1
17
4
47

21,020

18,726

18,410

316

1,321

1,114

155

732

163

267

302

241

Alabama.........
Arkansas........
D e l a w a r e •••...••
Flor i d a .........
G e o r g i a . ........
K e n t u c k y ......
Louisiana.......
M a r y l a n d ........
M i s s i s s i p p i .....
North C a r o 1in a ..
O k l a h o m a ........
South Carolina..
T e n n e s s e e . ......
T e x a s ............
Virginia........
West Virginia...

2,075
425
182
696
1,402
1,444
1,745
703
811
938
377
339
1,851
4,913
2,111
1,008

1,935
374
170
469
1,256
1,198
1,543
615
784
819
280
244
1,621
4,626
1,875
912

1,913
374
170
467
1,256
1,198
1,319
589
781
818
275
243
1,620
4,605
1,870
912

22
__
—
2
—
-229
26
3
1
5
1
1
21
5
—

56
12
6
108
107
50
117
74
-72
74
39
181
207
197
21

46
12
6
108
106
27
117
44
—
72
74
29
181
90
197
5

18
1
-3
5
32
12
—
-—
—
1
36

15
20
—
56
9
2
57
—
14
27
3
27

—

—

1
21
—
—
—
—
..
—
-117
..
16

65
21
4
39
15
178
73
2
21
45
14
40
40
36
31
58

12
43

21
12
4

32
—
4
30
1
144
4
2
7
13
11
12
4
15
7
11

19
18
2
30
24
18
7
12
6
2
9
16
9
44
8
17

Far W e s t . .........

11,137

8,800

3,678

122

493

432

19

42

1,532

740

430

362

312

A l a s k a . .••••••••
A r i z o n a ..........
C a l i f o r n i a . .....
Colorado........
H a w a i i . . . . ......
Idaho............
Montana.........
N e v a d a . ....... .
N e w M e x i c o . . . . ••
Oregon.
Utah............
Washington......
Wyoming.........

236
573
5,144
526
237
299
543
295
595
833
543
801
512

104
546
3,997
428
208
247
507
261
572
527
499
496
408

94
546
3,997
418
193
247
492
252
543
517
483 ;
496
400

10
__
—
10
15
-15
9
29
10
16

93
13
86
22
4
32
6
8
15
20
17
172
5

93
13
65
22
—
32
6
8
15
15
17
143
3

__
-6

33
14
888
52
23
20
30
14
7
222
22
108
99

10
7
449
5
13
—
-2
—
81
14
69
90

__

-15
__
4

23
1
117
1
9
2
21

6
—
173
24
2
-—
12
1
64

North e a s t .........

South..




—
—

—
—
11
4
27
6
—

—
3

7
3
208
—
—
52

3
4

10

—
—
..
2
..
30
—
—
__
10
__
—
..

—
-—
—
—
—
““

—
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
5

—
29
2

—
7
22
8
5
5
—

—

6
322
46
1
18
9
6
7
2
-7

6

i

6
—
139
8
32
3

5
25

56
Table A-35. Technicians in all agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962
Medical,
Engineering Physical
Other
agricul­
t e c h n i c i a n s scie n c e
technicians
tural, a nd
technicians 1 b i o l o g i c a l
technicians

Total
technicians

Draftsmen

T o t a l . . . .........................

55, 5 0 1

6,684

12, 2 4 0

28,343

1 , 030

5,671

1,5 3 3

N o r t h e a s t . • • • . . .......... .................

9,698

1,021

1,776

5,266

201

1,098

336

C o n n e c t i c u t . .............. .
M a i n e ..... • • • • • • • • ........ • • • • • .......
Massachusetts.•
N e w H a m p s h i r e . • • • • • • ...... ...........
N e w J e r s e y . ......................... .
N e w Y o r k . . •••••.••••••••••
P e n n s y l v a n i a . ..........................
R h o d e I s l a n d . . . . . . . . . . ........... .
V e r m o n t . . . . . . . . . . ........ ..............

630
210
1,222
52
448
2,889
3,851
265
131

58
30
2 69
2
36
377
188
44
17

162
62
373
27
41
844
244
16

1

355
67
391
2
147
999
3,159
113
33

2
97
52
7
27
16

37
37
118
10
87
542
163
47
57

18
14
71
9
40
75
90
18
1

M i d d l e W e s t . . .................... ........ .

1 3,646

1,7 3 4

3,054

6,789

344

1,400

325

I l l i n o i s . . . . . . . . ...................... .
I n d i a n a . ...... ......................... .
I o w a . . . . . . . . . . . .......... .
K a n s a s . .............................. .
M i c h i g a n . . • • • • • . . ................. .
M i n n e s o t a . • • • • ..... .................. .
M i s s o u r i . . ...............................
N e b r a s k a . . . . . . ................... ••••••
N o r t h D a k o t a . ............................
O h i o . . ............... ........ .
South D a k o t a . .......................
W i s c o n s i n . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . . . . .....

1,141
623
1,065
1,007
2,167
1,287
1,159
652
257
3,101
118
1,069

334
57
163
87
176
375
97
39
52
258
25
71

101
58
327
8 08
61
339
63
359
27
660
45
206

532
349
450
9
1,498
495
889
192
99
1,699
5
572

47
11
4
13
224
„„

95
88
119
41
185
64
73
46
64
420
34
171

32
60
2
49
23
14
21
14
3
54
4
49

21,020

1,924

4,867

11, 7 3 0

2 97

1,582

620

2,075
425
182
696
1,402
1,444
i;745
703
811
938
377
339
1,851
4,796
2,228
1,008

189
16
12
155
1
107
39
95
77
99
106
118
60
360
434
56

1,432
59
62
156
178
781
377
36
-400
150
30
192
4 58
426
130

325
291
97
187
799
333
1,138
480
661
347
—
113
1,379
3,328
1,033
719

13
10
1
52
19
111
—
5
—
..
26
__
__
34
3
23

65
33
3
124
92
77
176
73
19
91
73
48
214
111
315
68

51
16
7
22
313
35
15
14
54
1
22
30
6
5
17
12

1 1,137

2,005

2,543

4,558

188

1,591

252

236
573
5,1 4 4
526
237
299
543
295
595
8 33
543
801
512

31
72
811
55
64
85
186
32
282
137
92
104
54

5
254
717
337
29
75
2
27
98
339
205
4 05
50

101
2 23
2,684
39
115
55
317
201
193
130
156
36
308

67
—

28
23
8 14
57
18
52
24
1
22
195
30
227
100

4
1
81
38
11
__

S t ate

Sou t h . .................................... .
A l a b a m a . • • • • • ..........
A r k a n s a s . .......... .................... .
D e l a w a r e * ............................... .
Flor i d a . ..................................
G e o r g i a ...................................
K e n t u c k y . . . . • • ....................... .
Louisiana*. • • • • • ..... ...................
M a r y l a n d * • • • • • ........... ..............
M i s s i s s i p p i . . .......................... .
North Carolina.
O k l a h o m a ................................ .
S o u t h C a r o l i n a . ..... ...................
T e n n e s s e e ...... .......... ..............
T e x a s ..... ...............................
V i r g i n i a ..................................
W e s t V i r g i n i a . . . . .......... .
F a r W e s t . ................... .
A l a s k a . . ....................... .
A r i z o n a . ........................
C a l i f o r n i a ..............................
C o l o r a d o . • • • . . ..... ......... .
H a w a i i ............................... .
I d a h o . . . . ................ ......... .
M o n t a n a . . . . . . . . . . .................
N e v a d a . . . . . .................... ........
N e w M e x i c o . .................. ..........
O r e g o n . .............................
U t a h . . * , . . . . • • • • ....... .
W a s h i n g t o n . ......... . . . * ............
W y o m i n g .................................




_

Surveyors

..

16
2
12
10
5
—

37
—
—
32
-—
—
2
44
6
_________“

'

14
34
—
30
16
23

57
Table A-36. Technicians in highway agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

Draftsmen

Surveyors

Engineering
technicians

45,892

6,088

12,037

26,778

505

484

7,447

918

1,695

4,635

128

71

555
149
1,081
29
217
1,774
3,420
168
54

55
25
267
2
14
355
145
39
16

162
62
373
27
41
780
229
14
7

338
62
376

11,357

1,559

Illinois. ..........
I ndiana....................
I o w a . ...........................
Kansas. • .................... .
Mic h i g a n . . . . . . . . .................
M i n n e s o t a .........................
M i s s o u r i ..........................
Nebraska. ...•••••..... ......... .
North D a k o t a . .....................
O h i o . . ............................
South Dakota.
Wisconsin. ...... ...............

893
442
905
918
1,882
1,180
1,010
530
173
2,549
65
810

S o u t h . ......... .....................

State

T o t a l .....................
Nort h e a s t .............. ...... .
Connecticut. ........... ..........
M a i n e . ........... ............ ..
Mas s a c h u s e t t s ....... ••••..... ..
N e w H a m p s h i r e ..... ...............
New J e r s e y . .......................
N e w Y o r k ..........• •••...........
Pennsylvania. . ................
Rhode Is l a n d ...... ...... ...... .
V e r m o n t . ...... ...................

All
technicians

Physical
science
technicians

Other
technicians

__

77
609
3,046
112
15

__
__
__
82
30
—
—
16

..
3
—

2,986

6,513

234

65

296
50
154
62
156
355
89
30
50
238
20
59

100
50
317
808
55
333
56
344
25
653
45
200

497
342
434
__
1,456
482
851
156
98
1,658
__
539

—
..
5
215
__

..

18,410

1,790

4,835

11,391

A l a b a m a ........... ................
Arkansas ••••••••• ...... .
Delaware. ••••....... •••••..... .
Florida. ........... ...............
G e o rgia.............. ...........
Kentucky. ••••••••••.••• ....... .
Loui s i a n a . ........................
M a r y l a n d . . . . . ....................
Mississippi....................
North C a r o l i n a . ................ .
O k l a h o m a . .•••.•••...............
South Carolina..
Tennessee.
T e x a s ...... .......................
V i r g i n i a ............ ........... ..
West Vir g i n i a . ...................

1,913
374
170
467
1,256
1,198
1,319
589
781
818
275
243
1,620
4,605
1,870
912

175
14
12
150
-93
25
85
76
80
100
115
51
333
430
51

1,425
59
62
156
178
781
368
32
-400
150
28
192
454
422
128

313
291
96
161
793
324
926 .
467
659
338
—
100
1,377
3,818
1,018
710

10
..
—
—
—
—
—
-—
25
__
—
__
—
23

—
-__
285
—
—
5
46
—
—
..
—

Far W e s t . ............................

8,678

1,821

2,521

4,239

85

12

9
—
—
-—
32
—
—

Middle W e s t . . ...................

A l a s k a . ............... ......... .
A r i z o n a . . ................... .
Cal i f o r n i a . ••••••...............
Colorado.
H a w aii............ ............ ..
Idaho. ••••••••...... .
M o n t a n a . ................ ......... •
N e v a d a . .................. .
N e w M e x i c o . .............. .
O r e g o n . . . ...............
U t a h ...............................
Washington. ........... .
W y o m i n g . ..... ........... .........




94

22

««

63

546

71

254

221

3,997
418
193
247
492
252
543
517
483
496
400

749
50
54
85
175
29
277
78
83
95
53

712
337
28
75
__
27
95
339
203
401
50

2,524
31
111
55
317
196
171
100
153
-297

14
__
__
__
__
—
53

65
__
3

43
__
10
..
..

—
12
336

_

—
44
—

..

—

__
—
12
—
-—
—
..
—
—
—

58 Table ^-37.

Technicians in public works agencies (except highway), by occupation and State, January 1962

S t ate

T o t a l , ........ ......... .
N o r t h e a s t ..........................
C o n n e c t i c u t .................... .
M a i n e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... .
Massachusetts..
N e w H a m p s h i r e . . . • • • • • ..... .
N e w J e r s e y ................ .
N e w Y o r k . ........ ........
P e n n s y l v a n i a . ...................
R h o d e I s l a n d . ...................
V e r m o n t ..... ....................

Draftsmen

Surveyors

Engineering
technicians

707

116

31

414

3

143

187

14

3

96

2

72

__

-w

9
5

4
..

1
__
__
__

163
5
1

11
2
--

M i d d l e w e s t ............... ........

82

28

I l l i n o i s , ..................... .
I n d i a n a . .........................
Iowa. ...................... .
K a n s a s . . ............... ........
M i c h i g a n ........................ .
M i n n e s o t a . ..... .................
M i s s o u r i . . . . . . . ................
N e b r a s k a . • • • • ..... .
N o r t h D a k o t a . ...................
O h i o ..............................
S o u t h D a k o t a . . . . . . . . ..........
W i s c o n s i n . ..................

1
11
1
14
7
__

1
3
1
14
__

S o u t h . ............. ........ .
A l a b a m a • • • • • • • ........
A r k a n s a s . .......... .
D e l a w a r e . ....... ......... .
F l o r i d a . ........... .............
G e o r g i a . . . . . . ...................
K e n t u c k y . ............... .
Louisiana.
M a r y l a n d . ..... ......... ........
M i s s i s s i p p i . . ... ........ .
N o r t h C a r o l i n a . . . . . . ..........
O k l a h o m a .................... .
S o u t h C a r o l i n a . • • • • • • • • • .....
T e n n e s s e e . .......................
T e x a s . ............... .
V i r g i n i a . ............... ........
W e s t V i r g i n i a . . . . . . . . .........
F a r W e s t . ..........
A l a s k a ..... ......................
A r i z o n a ..................... .
C a l i f o r n i a , .... ......... .
C o l o r a d o . .......... .............
H a w a i i . . • ........................
I d a h o ..... .......................
M o n t a n a . . • • • • • • • • • ...... .
N e v a d a ...... ....................
N e w M e x i c o . . . . . . ...............
O r e g o n .......... .......... .
U t a h ..............................
W a s h i n g t o n , .............. .
W y o m i n g . .........................




Physical
sci e n c e
technicians

All
technicians

11
4
27
6
—

9

_

4

__
__
__

__

__
__
__
85

64

1
1

--

—

9

35

....

10

7

1

__
__

1
2
—

__
__

mm

__

__

1
2
5
1

__
2
__
_«
—

316

41

11

22
—
__

8
__

2
--

2

7
_„
10

_

__
__
__
....

__
__
__

....

12
5
--

--

..

2 26

...

33

10

14

_.

__
__

229
26
3
1
5
1
1
21
5
—

1
10
..
--

__
—

9
3
..

122

33

8

57

1

_»

—

9
9
1
__

8
3

203
10
1

1

....
...

.....
•-

10

10

..

..

__

2
4

__
..

_

..

2
8

..

__

15
9
29
10
16

11
1
4
3
4

—

8

1

--

..
...
__
__
__
__
..
__
..
..
__
__

10
15

4

-2

—

—

Other
technicians

—

1
--

3
2

2
22
6
3

..

__

—

8

2
2
—
23

__
__

__
_

2
..

9
4
1
1
4
1

_

..
__
1

6
2
__

2
6

__

...

..

7

__

...

—

—

59
Table A— 38. Technicians in health and welfare agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962.

State
Total.....••••••••••••....... .
Northeast............... ...... ...... ...••
Connecticut..............................
Maine.....................................
Massachusetts.......................... .
NewHampshire........... ...........
NewJersey...............................
NewYork.................................
Pennsylvania.............................
Rhode Island......... ..................
Vermont.................... .............
Middle West................................
Illinois.................................
Indiana................... ............. .
Iowa............. ...... ............
Kansas...................................
Michigan.................................
Minnesota................................
Missouri..................................
Nebraska........... .............. .
North Dakota............................
Ohio.....................................
South Dakota........................
Wisconsin................................
South......................................
Alabama............... .............. .. ••
Arkansas..............................
Delaware................. ...... .
Florida..................................
Georgia*.... ....... ......... ...........
Kentucky*....................... ........
Louisiana. ••...••••....................
Maryland.............. ...................
Mississippi*...................... .
North Carolina......••••...............
Oklahoma......... .......................
South Carolina*................... .
Tennessee.•...•••••••..................
Texas....................................
Virginia.................................
West Virginia...........................
Far West.......................... ........
Alaska*............ ............... .
Arizona........ ..........•••............
California*..............................
Colorado.................. ..............
Hawaii........................ ...........
Idaho................. ............... .
Montana.............. ....... ............
Nevada............................ ......
NewMexico............ ••••••«•••••••••
Oregon.....................*............
Utah......................................
Washington..
Wyoming..................................




All
technicians

Engineering
technicians

Physical
science
technicians

3,395
810

11*3
26

218

37
29
102
17
92
2U7
1#
75
59

_
3
11*
—
—
—
—
—

-—
—
—

771
63
95
6
12
ll*5
1*2
32
UO
30
227
9
70

58
22

9

—
—
—
—
11
—
18
—
7
—
—

63

15
22

—
26
—
■
25

_
—
—
—
1
—
—
2
12
10

—
—

1,321
56
12
6
108
107
50
117
7l*
—
72
7i*
39
181
90
31U
21

21

31

5
—
—
—
—
5
—
—
—
—
—
—
2
—
9
—

_
—
—
2l*
7
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

U93

38
20
2

9958
—
37

93
13
86
22
1*
32
6
8
15
20
17
172
5

—
5
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
11

—
—
—
—
—
—
1*
—

—

Medical,
agricultural, Other
and biological technicians
technicians
2,806
676
37
21*
81*
9
77
201*
151
1*1
1*9

228
1*5

—
2
1*
8
—
21
1
8
1

585
1*1
71*
k
12
121
31
32
11
18
171*
8
59

103

1,211
1*1
12

58
10
—
6
2
8
1
6
1

—

82
92
1*1*
111
73
—
72
70
31
179
90
293
21
331*
15
10

la
13
i*

—
21
2

—
23
—
—
9
—
36
1
11

—
—
1*
8
—
—
12
—
22

—
1
8

h
—

32
5

—

15
20
17
157
5

—
—
—
—

—

1
8

60
Table A-39.

Technicians in physical health agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

Medical,
Physical
agricultural,
science
and biological technicians
technicians

All
technicians

Engineering
technicians

Total................................
Northeast........................ .............
Connecticut*......... •..... ....... .
Maine........ •••••..... ....................
Massachusetts............................. .
NewHampshire...............................
NewJersey........ ............ .
NewYork.........••••••...... .............
Pennsylvania......................
Rhode Island................................
Vermont.................................. .

2,hh9

109

2,061

5H2

23

U57

15
15
89
17
65
2l»7
25
25

M
M
M
M
1U
—
—
—
—
—
9

15
15
71
9
65
20U
2h
20
3h

Middle West...................................
Illinois.....................................
Indiana.....................................
Iowa................. .......................
Michigan......................................
Minnesota...................................
Missouri.............. .....................
Nebraska....................................
North Dakota........ ...................... .
Ohio.........................................
South Dakota................................
Wisconsin.................... ....... ......
South.........................................
Alabama..................... ..............
Arkansas................................ ••••
Delaware...............................
Florida.....................................
Georgia........................ .........••••
Kentucky................................. .
Louisiana................................
Maryland....................••••••••......
Mississippi.................................
North Carolina............••••••••••..... .
Oklahoma...............................•••••
South Carolina....................... .
Tennessee..................•••••••....... .
Texas............................... ........
Virginia....................................
West Virginia...............................
Far West........................... ...........
Alaska.......... ...... .....................
Arizona..,..................................
California................. •••••..... ••••.
Colorado...............................•••••
Hawaii.................
Idaho............ ....................... .
Montana........ .............................
Nevada..................................... .
NewMexico................. ............. .
Oregon............................. .........
Utah.........................................
Washington.......... •••••..... ............
Wyoming......... ............................

361

36

287

State




hh

169
27

Other
technicians
no
35

__
—
—
—
—
22
—
5
—
■

__
—

23

15

_
—
—
—
1
—
—
—
12
10

-M
12
—
—
1
—
—
—
—
—

h

8
21
1
—
1

—

63
32
h
12
71
21
32
11
27
19
9
60

22
—
—
—
—
11
—
—
—
3
—
—

hi

1,101

12

1,032

31

39

h6

5

33
12

—
—

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

—

—
-—
.. —
>■ —
5
—
hh
—
—
—
72
—
7U
—
29
2
181
—
90
—
197
—
S 38
U32
12
6
108
106
27
117

93
13
65
22
—
32
6
8
15
15
-17
Ui3
3

20
2

—
5
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
liM
M

20
h
12
69
10
32
11
15
6
8
59

—

82
91
22
111
U3
—
72
70
25
179
90
197
285
15
10
32
13
—
32
5
—
15
15
17
128
3

—
—

2h
7

88
58
—
26

—
—
—
—
—
-—
—
h
M
M

1
1

8
6
2
8

6
1

—
—
U
k
—
—
—
—
21
1
7

h
—
—

1
8

—
—
—
—

61
Table A-UO.

Technicians in agriculture and conservation agencies, by occupation and State, January 1962

State
Total...........................
Northeast.................................
Connecticut,...........................
Maine...................................
Massachusetts..........................
NewHampshire......... ................
NewJersey..............................
NewYork........ ...................... .
Pennsylvania...........................
Rhode Island...........................
Vermont.................................
Middle West...............................
Illinois................................
Indiana.................................
Iowa.....................................
Kansas..................................
Michigan.............................. .
Minnesota........ ......................
Missouri......... ......................
Nebraska.......................... .
North Dakota...........................
Ohio................................
South Dakota........... ...............
Wisconsin...............................
South.....................................
Alabama.................................
Arkansas....................
Delaware................................
Florida.................................
Georgia..•••••••••••••••••...........
Kentucky.......................... .
Louisiana..............................
Maryland................................
Mississippi,...........................
North Carolina.........................
Oklahoma................. ........ •••••
South Carolina.........................
Tennessee....... ...................... .
Texas..................................
Virginia.•............... ••••..........
West Virginia..........................
Far West...................... ............
Alaska...........................
Arizona.................................
California..............................
Colorado................................
Hawaii...................................
Idaho...................................
Montana......... ...................... .
Nevada..................................
NewMexico..............................
Oregon...................................
Utah.....................................
Washington..............................
Wyoming......................... .......




M
edical,
agricul­
Total
Engineering Physical
Other
tural, and technicians
science biological
technicians Draftsmen Surveyors technicians technicians
technicians
3,991
700

2U8

2
25
36
1
91
h$0
75
9
11

__

55
k

2

—

12
17
20

—
—

1,027
k2
28
151
59
100
50
63
28
h9
281
3h
XU2
732

73
2
3
8
8
13
11
5
1
—
8
3
11
50

65
21

__5
_
l
l

h

89
15
178
73
2
21
U5
1U
ko
hO

36
31
58

1
3
1
—
17
h
1

—

11
—
5

151
76

«...
—
—
~
—

6h
12

—
—
U5
_
l
10
—
h

6
7
11

_
3
—

3
16

__7
_
—
—
—

312

190

119

1

2

—
—
—
—
—
1
—
—

—
—
70
15
28

—
U
78

27

2
5
16
9
11

_
—

—.

3
2
—
21

—

9
U5
__7
1
16

~

2

h

8
8

—
2
—
—
—
5
—
159
13
1
2h
6
111

—
—
9
—
—
—
—

2

3
3

—
—
—
-1
—
—
—
3
—

1
1

—
—
—
1
—
h
—

h

2,777
U20

__

13
3h
1
9
338
12
6
7
768
32

Hi

113
29
6U
33
hO
lh
h6

313
29
2
6

—
—
—

16
2
3

—

36
6
5
—
5

—
_6
3

2U5
26
112

h

352
18
21
1
39
—
30
65

no

—
11*

19
3
17
35
21
22
U7

7
15

l

9
8
3h

—
—
7
—
6
21
5
—
3
1

1,532

70

1U

70

3

1,237

138

33
lh
888
52
23
20
30

8
1
35
3
1

5
—
5
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
a

7
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
1
—

13
13
769

_
—

lli

7
222
22
108
99

—
—
1
—
9
3
8
1

22
1

—
—
—
3
—
23
—
11
3

2

hh

Hi

20
19
1
7
160
12
70
95

57
h
8

—
n
9
—

29
7
13

62

Table A-41.

Technicians, scientists and engineers, and ratio of technicians to
scientists and engineers, by type of agency, January 1962

Agency

T o t a l ...........................

Technicians

Scientists
and
engineers

Average number
of technicians
per 100
scientists and
engineers

55,501

48,029

115.6

Highway and public w o r k s ..............

46,599

31,600

147.5

H i g h w a y ...............................
Public w o r k s .........................

45,892
707

30,778
822

149.1
86.0

Health and w e l f a r e ....................

3,395

6,243

54.4

Physical h e a l t h ......................
Mental h e a l t h ........................
W e l f a r e ...............................

2,449
624
322

4,955
897
391

49.4
69.6
82.4

Agriculture and c o n s e r v a t i o n.........

3,991

8,301

48.1

Fish and g a m e ........................
A g r i c u l t u r e ..........................
Natural reso u r c e s...................

1,023
1,232
1,736

2,136
2,478
3,687

47.9
49.7
47.1

Other a g e n c i e s .........................

1,516

1,885

80.4




63

APPENDIX B
SCOPE AND METHOD OF SURVEY
This appendix provides a brief report on the scope and
methodology of the survey, and on some of the problems en­
countered in conducting it. This information serves as a
background for interpreting the data presented.
Coverage of the Survey
This is the second survey of scientific and technical per­
sonnel in State government agencies conducted by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor, l/ The survey
covered all State government agencies, within each of the 50
States, which were judged at all likely to employ persons work­
ing as scientists, engineers, or technicians, with the exception
of educational institutions which are covered by data collected
by the Office of Education of the U.S. Department of Health,
Education, and Welfare.
The State agencies excluded from this survey as not likely
to employ scientific or technical personnel are of three general
types--legislative bodies, judicial bodies, and boards and com­
missions with regulatory and licensing functions. However, the
overriding criterion was the apparent nature of the functions
of each individual agency. The mailing list of agencies was
compiled from current State directories and similar listings,
and telephone directories were used where necessary to obtain
precise agency names and addresses. The complete mailing list
included 1,670 agencies.
Conduct of the Survey
The questionnaire used in this survey (appendix C) was
developed in consultation with the National Science Foundation
and with the advice and cooperation of a number of State
officials. It was based on the questionnaire used in 1959 for
the same type of survey, in order to obtain reasonable com­
parability.

1/ See Employment of Scientific and Technical Personnel in
State Government Agencies, Report on a 1959 Survey, NSF 61-17,
prepared for the National Science Foundation by the U.S. Depart­
ment of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.



64

However, some revisions were made in order to eliminate
items that yielded inadequate or unsatisfactory data in 1959,
or were considered unnecessarily burdensome to the respondent,
and to supplement and improve the quality of the data obtained
in 1962. Modifications included: Addition of separate report­
ing items for engineering technicians and physical science tech­
nicians; addition of items on educational attainment of scien­
tists; addition of an instruction to exclude practitioners from
the data reported for psychologists; omission of separate re­
porting items for electrical and electronic engineers, mechanical
engineers, physicists, and metallurgists; omission of items for
educational attainment data on engineers; and omission of certain
items regarding scientific and technical personnel in research.
A preliminary draft of the questionnaire was tested by visits
to several State personnel departments and to several agencies
known to employ scientific and technical workers. Their comments
were useful in developing the final questionnaire. The question­
naires were mailed directly to the State agencies.
In several
instances, additional copies of the questionnaire were requested
by the agencies for collecting data from their subunits.
The organizational structure of several States was not clear
from directories and other available information. Often it
appeared that a questionnaire was being sent to one or more sub­
units of an agency which was itself receiving a questionnaire.
In such cases, in order to avoid duplicate reporting, the higher
organizational unit was asked by special letter not to include
data on any subunits which were receiving separate questionnaires
these subunits were specifically identified in the letters. The
letters were mechanically reproduced in conjunction with the
printing of the address labels. There were 124 such letters sent
in the first mailing.
The questionnaires were mailed in July 1962. Of the 1,670
agencies contacted, 1,130 responded to this initial request. In
August 1962, followup letters to the remaining 540 agencies
yielded 378 additional responses. The final mail followup was
sent in September 1962 to the 162 agencies which had not yet
replied.




65

After the final mailing, 60 agencies still had not replied.
Of these, 20 were known to be employers of large numbers of
scientific and technical personnel; they were contacted by tele­
phone or telegram. At the close of the survey, 1,630 (or 98
percent) of the 1,670 agencies on the initial mailing list had
provided all or part of the information sought. Investigation
of available data on the 40 agencies not responding and not con­
tacted by telephone led to the finding that 35 of them probably
employed no scientific and technical personnel and that the re­
maining 5 probably employed very few.
Insofar as possible, reporting errors were eliminated by
editing and checking procedures and through correspondence
with agencies whose reports appeared to involve serious in­
consistencies or misinterpretation of questions or definitions.
In most cases where some schedule items were either un­
answered or only partially answered, the missing data were
imputed on the basis of information given in other parts of
the schedule or on the basis of responses for similar agencies
in the same geographic area. In other cases, correspondence
was initiated in order to obtain the missing information.
Definitions
The brief definitions of important items printed on the
questionnaire (appendix C) were made reasonably comparable
to those used in the 1962 survey of scientific and technical
personnel employed in private industry. Necessary modifica­
tions were developed in consultation with officials of State
personnel departments and State agencies employing scientific
and technical personnel. The definitions were tested in several
State agencies before the final questionnaire was printed. The
objective was to formulate definitions which would accurately
and clearly describe the information and also be consistent
with standard personnel records.
Comparability Limitations
State-by-State comparisons of the statistics of scientific
and technical personnel in State government employment should
not be attempted without considerable supplemental information.
Wide differences exist among State agencies with similar titles,
with regard to the nature and scope of services provided, organi­
zational structure, recordkeeping procedures, personnel practices,




66

occupational titles, and many other characteristics. Some
variation in interpretation and application of the defini­
tions was therefore inevitable. Also contributing to reduced
State-by-State comparability is the fact that functions per­
formed by State governments in some States are performed by
local governments or contracted to private industry in other
States. 2/
Comparison of the 1959 and the 1962 data must be analyzed
with considerable caution, especially with respect to indi­
vidual State data. Attempts were made to verify the reports
of those agencies which indicated very large changes in the
number of scientific and technical personnel they employed
over the 3-year period. The reported differences were often
found to be valid, reflecting significant changes in agency
activities. However, in some cases, the changes resulted
from differing interpretation of the definitions in 1959 and
in 1962.
In addition, the activity classification of some agencies
was changed from "other” in 1959 to a different category in
1962.
However, the impact of this change on comparability
was slight because of the relatively small number of scien­
tific and technical personnel in the agencies affected.
The 1959 and 1962 statistics on psychologists are not
comparable, because the 1962 questionnaire specifically ex­
cluded practitioners and the 1959 questionnaire did not.
Classification of Data
Agency Grouping. For purposes of this report, State
agencies were grouped into categories as follows:
Highway, public works, and related agencies
Highways--Departments of public roads; intrastate bridge
and turnpike authorities; etc.
Public Works--Departments of public works, engineering
and water resources; divisions of flood control; dam
authorities; etc.

2/ A survey of scientific and technical personnel in local
governments will be conducted in 1964 by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics. Data from the two surveys will yield some degree
of State-by-State comparability for State and local governments
combined.



67

Health, welfare, and related agencies
Physical health--Departments of health, boards of pharmacy,
boards of water pollution; etc.
Mental health--Departments of mental health; mental health
boards; etc.
WeIfare--Departments of welfare; charity boards, youth
services; etc.
Agriculture, conservation and related agencies
Agriculture--Departments of agriculture; milk control
commissions; livestock sanitary boards; etc.
Fish and game--Departments of fish and game; fishery
products laboratories; etc.
Natural resources--Departments of conservation; forests
and parks; mines; geological surveys; etc.
Other--Types of agencies not classifiable into the above
categories. Examples: Departments of Commerce; Labor;
Budget; Banking; Taxation; Archives.
Classification was not precise for those agencies which
conducted activities extending into two or more of the cate­
gories listed above. In such cases, the classification was
based on the agency’s primary activities as indicated by the
schedule or other available information. The adverse effect
on the quality of the statistics was negligible, however,
since there were very few cases which had to be handled on
this basis.
Regional Groupings. The following regional groups of
States were established for convenience in presenting some
of the data for this survey:
Northeast. New England and Middle Atlantic States
(Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire,
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island,
Vermont).




68

South. South Atlantic, East South Central, and West
South Central States (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware,
Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland,
Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina,
Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia).
Middle West. East North Central and West North Central
States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan,
Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, Soi-th
Dakota, Wisconsin).
Far West. Mountain and Pacific States (Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,
New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming).







69

APPENDIX C
QUESTIONNAIRE AND COVERING LETTERS

70

B .L .S . N o . 2 6 4 5 (R e v is e d 6 - 1 5 - 6 2 )

B ud get B ureau N o. 4 4 - R U 8 1 .
A p p r o v a l e x p ire s D e c e m b e r 3 1, 1962.

A S U R V EY O F SCIENTIFIC A N D T EC H N IC A L P E R S O N N E L
E M P L O Y E D B Y STATE G O V E R N M E N T S
1962
Conducted by the
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
Bureau of Labor Statistics
All information supplied on this form will be used for statistical
purposes only and will not be published in a manner that will dis­
close information concerning individual agencies without their express
permission.
If you employ scientists, engineers, or technicians, please complete
the entire questionnaire, supplying as much information as possible.

should apply, if possible, to the pay period ending nearest January
15, 1962.
If extra copies o f the questionnaire would be helpful, they may be
obtained on request.

PLEA SE N O T E .—Even i f you do not employ any scientists, engineers, or
technicians, please answer item 1 below. Reasonable estimates will be sat­

isfactory. Please enter “ O ” where appropriate, or “ not available” if
such is the case, rather than leave a question unanswered. Data

Mail completed questionnaire to:
COM M ISSIONER OF LABO R STATISTICS
U.S. D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r
Washington 25, D.C.

IDENTIFICATION OF R E P O R T I N G UNIT

r

n
Y our reply to this questionnaire should be re­
stricted, if possible, to the unit identified at left.
Some agencies may receive questionnaires for each
o f their divisions. I f it is not feasible to supply
data for each division, please indicate in item 5 on
page 3 the divisions or other units covered by this
report.

L

-1
(Change address if in correct)

Terms in H E A V Y CAPITALS are defined on Pages 4 and 5.

Please read definitions carefully.
January 1962

1.

A. Total employment: Enter the T O T A L N U M BE R OF PAID EMPLOYEES o f the R E P O R T IN G U N IT (include
both full- and part-time employees)..............................................................................................................................................
...............................
b. SCIENTISTS A N D EN GIN EERS: Enter the total number o f persons included in IA above who were working as
SCIENTISTS or ENGINEERS....................................................................................................................................................

..............................

c. TECHNICIANS: Enter the total number o f persons included in 1A above who were working as T E C H N IC IA N S ... .

...............................

d. All other employees ( 1A minus lb and l c ) ........................................................................................................................................................... ..........
IF Y O U EMPLOY A N Y SCIENTISTS, ENGINEERS, O R TE CH N IC IA N S (entries in lb or lc ) , PLEASE COMPLETE ENTIRE FORM.
COMPLETE ON LY THIS PAGE IF ANSWERS T O BOTH lb A N D lc ARE ZERO.
Name and title o f person to be addressed if questions arise concerning this report:




Telephone No.

71
TiRMS IN HEAVY CAPITALS ARE DEFINED.
2.

PLEASE READ DEFINITIONS CAREFULLY

Please enter below the total number o f persons on the payroll(s) o f the R E P O R T IN G U N IT working as SCIENTISTS or ENGINEERS in Jan­
uary 1962. The sum o f the entries in lines I and II o f column (1 ) should equal the entry for January 1962 in question lb on page 1. In the remaining
columns and lines enter the number o f SCIENTISTS and ENGINEERS engaged in the individual occupations shown and distribute them ac­
cording to the functions in which they spent the greatest proportion o f their time. Count each person only once. If you cannot supply all the
detail requested, enter as much information as you can.
PRIMARY FUNCTION—JANUARY 1962
(Classify individuals according to the function occupying the greatest proportion of their time.)

OCCUPATION
(Personnel working in borderline
specializations, such as biochemis­
try, should be classified in the listed
occupations with which their work
is most closely identified.)

TOTAL
EMPLOYED
IN ALL
FUNCTIONS

0)

I. Total E N G IN E E R S ...................
a. C IV IL .......................................
b. All other ENGINEERS........
II. Total S C IE N TIS T S ...................
c. Chemists...................................

d. Geologists and geophysicists..
e. M A T H E M A T IC IA N S ........
f. M EDICAL SCIENTISTS. . .
(exclude practitioners)
g. A G R IC U LT U R A L
SCIEN TISTS.........................
h. B IO LO G IC A L
SCIEN TISTS.........................

i.

Psychologists (exclude practi­
tioners) ....................................

j. All other SCIENTISTS (please
specify occupation).................




RESEARCH
(includes product
or process
development)
(2)

PLANNING

INSPEC­
TION

OPERATIONS
AND
SERVICES

ALL OTHER
FUNCTIONS

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

3.

A. How many o f the total number o f SCIENTISTS have the following degrees? Count only one degree for each scientist.

If a scientist has more

than one degree, count only the degree listed first in the order below:
Total SCIENTISTS (same as item 2, line II, col. ( 1 ) ) ...........................................................................................................

B.

------- - ...... -

a. Ph. D. degree.............................................................................................................................................................................

...................................

b. Master’s degree...........................................................................................................................................................................

...................................

c. Bachelor’s or first professional degree (e.g., B.S., B.A., M.D., D.D.S., e t c .)....................................................................

..................................

d. N o degree...................................................................................................................................................................................

...................................

O f the degrees listed above for SCIENTISTS, how many are professional health degrees as specified below?
a. M.D. degree................................................................................................................................................................................

..................................

b. D.D.S. degree.............................................................................................................................................................................

..................................

c. D.V.M. degree............................................................................................................................................................................

..................................

d. Other professional health degrees............................................................................................................................................

..................................

4. O f the T O T A L NUM BER OF PAID EMPLOYEES in January 1962, how many were employed as TECHNICIANS?
Total TECH N ICIAN S (same as item lc, page 1 ) .........................................................................................................................

.....

........ ..... -

a. Draftsmen..........................................................................................................................................................................................
b. Surveyors...........................................................................................................................................................................................
c. Engineering technicians (except draftsmen and surveyors)........................................................................................................

..................................

d. Physical science technicians.............................................................................................................................................................
e. Medical, agricultural and biological technicians...........................................................................................................................

..................................

f. All other TE C H N IC IA N S.........................................................................................................................................................................................................
5. Please list any major organizational divisions or sections o f the R EPO RTIN G U N IT and give the total number o f scientists and engineers employed
by each.

Name of sub-unit

6.

Total number of SCIENTISTS and ENGINEERS employed,
January 1962

Please give a brief description o f the work performed by scientific and technical personnel employed by the R E P O R T IN G U N IT . (Descriptive
pamphlets or other printed material will be especially helpful.)




73
DEFINITIONS
R E P O R T I N G UNIT.— The State government agency or division of such agency to which this questionnaire is ad­
dressed and all the subdivisions and organizational units within that agency or its division, except for the exclusions spe­
cifically listed in this definition. Include State hospitals, clinics, prisons, and other institutions under the jurisdiction of
the reporting unit. Exclude State universities and colleges, agricultural experiment stations, agricultural extension serv­
ices, or hospitals affiliated with State universities. However, include other State agencies which are located at State
universities.
T O T A L N U M B E R OF PAID EMPLOYEES.— All permanent and temporary employees paid by the reporting unit,
except for the exclusions specifically listed in this definition. Include both employees under civil service systems and
employees outside civil service. Include employees on State payrolls who work for local and county agencies. All classi­
fied, unclassified, and contract employees, exempt employees, laborers, and others paid directly by the reporting unit should
be included. Consultants (whether paid by project, fee, or other basis) should be included only ifthey were employed
full time during the reporting period or ifit is known that their part-time employment by the reporting unit was their
primary employment. Exclude unpaid personnel, part-time consultants primarily employed elsewhere, or personnel on
the payroll of contracting firms.
SCIENTISTS.— Count as scientists all persons actually engaged in scientific work at a level which requires a knowl­
edge of physical, engineering, mathematical, biological, agricultural, medical, psychological, and other natural sciences
equivalent at least to that acquired through completion of a 4-year college course with a major in these fields, regardless
of whether they hold a college degree in the field. Include scientists in research, planning, inspection, administration,
technical service, technical writing, technical drawing and exhibit design, data collecting, and all other positions which
require them to use the indicated level of scientific knowledge in their work. Exclude persons trained in science but cur­
rently employed in positions not requiring the use of such training. Exclude social scientists.
ENGINEERS.— Count as engineers all persons actually engaged in chemical, civil, electrical, mechanical, metallurgical,
and all other types of engineering work at a level which requires knowledge of engineering, physical, life, or mathematical
sciences equivalent at least to that acquired through completion of a 4-year college course with a major in one of these
fields, regardless of whether they hold a college degree in the field. Include those persons in research, planning, inspec­
tion, administration, technical service, technical writing, and other positions which require them to use the indicated level
of knowledge in their work. Exclude persons tjained in engineering, but currently employed in positions not requiring
the use of such training. Include architectural engineers but exclude architects. Also exclude stationary engineers.
(Draftsmen and engineering aids should be counted as technicians.)
TECHNICIANS.— Count as technicians all persons actually engaged in technical work at a level requiring knowledge
of physical, engineering, mathematical, biological, or other natural sciences comparable to the knowledge acquired through
technical institute, junior college, or other formal post-high school training less extensive than 4-year college training, or
through equivalent on-the-job training or experience. Some typical job titles are: draftsmen, surveyors, engineering aids,
laboratory technicians and assistants, conservationist aids, electronic technicians, X-ray technicians, and museum technicians.
Exclude personnel engaged primarily in care of patients. Exclude also skilled workers and craftsmen such as machinists,
plumbers, and electricians.
CIVIL ENGINEERS.— Include sanitary, construction, architectural, structural, highway engineers, and all other
civil engineering specialties. Also include city planning engineers.
M A T H E M A T I C I A N S . — Count as mathematicians only those persons whose position requires knowledge of mathe­
matics equivalent at least to that acquired through a 4-year college course with a major in mathematics and who spend the
greatest proportion of their time in development or application of mathematical techniques. Include actuaries and mathe­
matical analysts. Include statisticians and programmers for computers only ifthey specialize in mathematical techniques.
Exclude accountants.
MEDICAL SCIENTISTS.— Count as medical scientists only those physicians, dentists, public health specialists,
pharmacists, and members of other scientific professions concerned with the understanding of human diseases and improve­
ment of human health, who spend the greatest proportion of their time in clinical investigation and other research, tech­
nical writing, and related activities. Exclude persons who spend the greatest proportion of their time in providing care
to patients, dispensing drugs or services, diagnosis, etc. Persons working as pathologists, microbiologists, pharmacologists,
etc. should be excluded from the figures on medical scientists and included in the figures on biological scientists.
A G R I C U L T U R A L SCIENTISTS.— Count as agricultural scientists all persons who spend the greatest proportion
of their time in understanding and improving agricultural productivity, such as those working in agronomy, animal hus­
bandry, forestry, horticulture, range management, soil culture, and veterinary science. Exclude veterinarians who are
primarily engaged in providing care to animals.
BIOLOGICAL SCIENTISTS.— Count as biological scientists all persons who work in sciences which deal with life
processes, other than those classified as agricultural and medical sciences. Include pathologists, microbiologists, pharma­
cologists, bacteriologists, toxicologists, botanists, zoologists, etc.
RESEARCH.— Enter in column (2) of item 2 the number of scientists and engineers included in column (1) who
spend the greatest proportion of their time performing or supervising basic and applied investigation to advance scientific
knowledge in the natural sciences (including medicine and psychology) and engineering. Also include those persons
primarily engaged in technical development activities concerned with solving nonroutine problems encountered in applying
research findings or other general scientific knowledge to specific projects or processes. Exclude persons who spend the
greatest proportion of their time in quality control, routine testing, market research, routine gathering of statistics, or other
nontechnical activities or technical services.



74
P L A N N I N G . — Enter in column (3) of item 2 the number of scientists and engineers included in column (1) who
primarily perform or supervise technical activities concerned with formulating, initiating, or improving governmental pro­
grams, policies, legislation, or standards. Include scientists and engineers engaged in such activities as preliminary engi­
neering and design of new highways, developing health programs, initiating conservation projects, devising new
construction programs, etc.
INSPECTION.— Enter in column (4) of item 2 the number of scientists and engineers included in column (1) who
primarily perform or supervise technical activities which deal with the enforcement of governmental laws, regulations,
standards, or programs. Include scientists and engineers engaged in such activities as testing and analysis of soils and
material used in road construction, of food and fertilizers for composition and compliance with State regulations, of drugs,
medicines, and cosmetics for deterioration and adulteration, etc. Also include those who inspect private hospitals, ware­
houses, restaurants, etc. for compliance with State regulations.
O P E R A T I O N S A N D SERVICES.— Enter in column (3) of item 2 the number of scientists and engineers included
in column (1) who spend the greatest proportion of their time performing or supervising technical activities primarily
related to the regular operation of government programs other than inspection. Include scientists and engineers engaged
in such activities as managing forests and parks; purchasing materials; letting contracts; constructing and maintaining high­
ways, hospitals, and other public works; controlling insects; field exploration for minerals, fuels, and other natural
resources; operating fish hatcheries; etc.
ALL O T H E R FUNCTIONS.— Enter in column (6) of item 2 the number of scientists and engineers included in
column (1) who spend the greatest proportion of their time performing functions other than those listed in columns (2)
through (5).




75
U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F LA B O R
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
W a s h i n g t o n 25, D'.C.

In reply please
refer to No. 341

Gentlemen:
The Bureau of Labor* Statistics is conducting a survey to provide
data on the 1962 employment of scientific and technical personnel by the
50 State governments. The information requested is comparable to that
obtained in a similar survey conducted in 1959.
The findings of this survey— together with similar studies of
other segments of our economy— will be used in assessing the country's
present and future needs for scientists, engineers, and technicians and
in formulating policies and programs to strengthen our resources of
scientific and technical personnel. We hope the results will also be
useful to State governments in evaluating their own scientific manpower
needs and policies.
Your cooperation in providing the information requested in the
enclosed questionnaire is of great importance to the success of this
undertaking. Questionnaires are being mailed only to a selected group
of agencies in each State, and separate replies are needed from all of
these agencies, even those which do not employ any scientists, engineers.
or technicians. Please include in your return data for all organizational
units within the particular department or agency to which the questionnaire
is addressed except those units which your questionnaire indicates should
be excluded. A duplicate copy of each questionnaire is enclosed for your
files.
We shall be extremely grateful for a prompt response to this
survey. If you have any questions regarding coverage or the interpreta­
tion of the questionnaire, please call Mr. Harold Liebling of our Washington
staff (Executive 3-2420, extension 2607) or write to me.

Enclosures



Sincerely yours,

76
U.S. D E P A R T M EN T O F LA B O R
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
W ashington

25, D.C.

In r e p ly p le a s e
r e f e r t o N o , 341

Gentlemeni
Several weeks ago we wrote you regarding a Bureau of Labor
Statistics survey of scientific and technical personnel employed by
State Governments.
Since we have not yet received a reply, we are
writing again to request your cooperation.
This survey is part of a comprehensive program of studies of
scientific and technical personnel being undertaken by the Federal
Government.
The findings of these studies will be used in assessing
the country*s present and future needs for such personnel and in
formulating scientific manpower policies and programs.
Information about your agency is important to the success of
this survey.
Sven if you do not employ scientists, engineers, or
technicians, it is Important that the questionnaire be returned to u s .
(if this is the case, only the first page need be lilted in.)

Reasonable estimates w ill be satisfactory. I f information i s
not available on a l l items covered by the questionnaire, please supply
as much as possible. For your convenience, we are enclosing additional
copies of the form.
I f your agency i s included in the report of another agenoy or
department, please advise us.
We sh all be extremely grateful for a prompt response to th is
survey. I f you have any quastions regarding coverage or interpretation
of the questionnaire, please c a ll Mr. Harold L ie b lin g of our Waahington
ataff (Executive 3*2420, extension 2607) or write to me.
Very tru ly yours,

Inolosures




77

U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F LABO R
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTIC*
W ashington

25, D . C .

In r e p ly p le a s e
r e f e r t o N o . 341

Gentlemen:
In early July, we wrote you regarding a survey of scientific and
technical personnel employed by State governments.
In August we wrote
you again on this matter. According to our records, we have not yet
received your reply.
We are aware, of course, of the pressing obligations of your own
work.
However, because of the Federal Government's vital need for data
o n the country's manpower needs and resources, we are contacting you once
again to urge you to complete and mail the questionnaire. A report from
your organization Is very important even if you do not employ scientists,
engineers, or technicians.
(If this is the case, only the first page
need be filled in.)------Reasonable estimates will be satisfactory.
If information is not
available on all items covered by the questionnaire, please supply as much
as possible.
For your convenience, we are enclosing additional copies of
the form.
Please return one in the enclosed envelope and retain one for
your files.
If your agency is included in the report of another agency or
department, please advise us.
We shall be extremely grateful for a prompt reply.
If you have
any questions regarding coverage or interpretation of the questionnaire,
please call Mr. Harold Liebling of our Washington staff (Executive 3*2420,
extension 2607) or write to me.
Sincerely yours,

Enclosures




☆ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE :1964

0-735-216