Full text of Employment and Payrolls : September 1951
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EMPLOYMENT
and payrolls
DETAILED REPORT
SEPTEMBER 1951
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Maurice J. Tobin - Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague - Commissioner
U, 8. DEP;jtT2.iENT O F L u B O R
B u r e a u of Lab o r Stati s t ic s
W a s h i n g t o n 25, D» C#
November 30, 1951
E l (P L 0 Y » f T A M D P A Y R OL L S
D e ta i l e d R e p o r t
S e pt e m b er 1961
Contonta
Pago
Bnployront Review
E n p l o y n on t T
r
e
n
d
s
,
,
,
,
F o u r t h Vo l u n o i n Stc.to e n d A r o c Sori o s » wIAmufo.c tur ing
B i p l o y n cn t b y State" • N o w w
m
i
l
a
b
l
o
3
,
I n d u s t r y H i g h l i g h t s . * , ............................. ...........
Leather c.nd L eather P r o d u c t s
F u rn i t u re a n d Fi x t u re s
P a p e r and A l l i e d Products
Mcilleablo » I r o n F o u n dr i e s
T i n Cr.r.s and Oth e r Tinwc.ro
7
10
Industry Bciployv.unt R e p o r t s * * * . * * * * . 15
I3.litt.ry TBiiks
Trucking
Stfttistical T a b l e s » » * * » , * ♦ ♦ ♦ * « ♦ * » * ♦ * » » * * « » * * * * * * » * « ♦ . * * * » * » , A t l
E x p l a n a t o r y Kotos a n d G l o s s a r y , .**».**,*..»* ♦ * * « * , * * * ♦ * * , * * •
Prepared by
Division of T&npower and Enploy:.-.&i,.t Statistics
Seymour L. Wolfb®in, Chief
i
- 3 -
EMPLOYMENT TRENDS
O C T O B E R 1951
The number of employees In industry, coarseroe, and
government - at 46,G million in nid-October continued at a record high for the season. Hear—
ever, employment of production workers In' manufacturing plants this October'
was 150,000 lover than a year earlier, as reductions In consumer goods
industries outweighed gains in defense-connected industries, (Tables 1 to 3)
ISFG EU3DPCTIQK './(EISRS
DECLIKE OVER THE YEAR
The largest decreases in production worker employ*
ment over the yoar occurred in the consumer soft
goods industries - textiles, apparel, and leather where* contra-seasonal reductions were reported between Septenber and October,
A downtrend In employment In these industries lias been evident since 'die early
Spring of 1951> as a result of reduced sr.los end high inventories, Production worlser employment in the teirtile, leather, and apparel industries this
October was the lowest for the- month since the end of Zorld ;/ar II, and over
a quarter million, or 10 percent, below the level of a year earlier.
In the consumer durable goods industries, employment reductions have resulted
both from limitations on nondefense uses of metals and fran slackened consumer
buying during the past 6 months* Ppoduetion worker ernloTment in automobile
plants this October was down by about 140,000 from a year earlier* Other
consumer durable goods Industries repotting relatively large over-the-year
reductions Included, furniture, refrigerators and ’./ashing mcliines, toys, and
je»lry and tovermr.,
f
STtjgEE-jEAR GAItS
IffimSSfe BciPLOaElg
In contrast to the declines in consumer goods
manufacturing, factories producing military goods
and industrial equipment needed for the.defense
program continued to add production wor:$rs to their payrolls* Production
worker employment In aircraft plants wr.s e::panded by approcdwately 140,000,
o» about ■60 percent* between October 1950 and October 1951. Relatively large
gains also were reported in such industries as uctal-working machinery and
other Industrial equipment, shipbuilding# ordnance, and chemicals
AL GOVT EULOBflSHT Employment in tlie ?ederr.l Cfovernnent ’./as reduced
BEDQCSD moil SBFP TO OCT slightly between Septenber and October, the first
decrease siiice tlie start of tlie Korean 'ar, except
for a seasonal decline at the beginning of the year, Employment in nondefense
Federal agencies showed a small decline, and the number of employees in Federal
defense agencies remained substantially unchanged over the month, In contrast
to an average monthly gain of over 35,000 In the* year following the Korean
outbreak*
Employment in contract construction, at 2*7 million in October, about the same
as In.the previous month, continued at an alltime peak for the season* A
gain of over 100,000 workers over tlie nonth v.-as reported in retail trade, as
stores began to e:nand their sales staffs for the Christmas shopping season,;
T-ivELE 1
Bciplqyao© i n Momgrj.e.ulturnl Es tablisljients,, b y l n d u a t r y D i v i s i o n ttnd
Selected G r oups* October, Sepfcoftbw.; A u g u s t 1951 ana O o td b e r lv50
t
In d u s t r y d i v i s i o n and p r o u p i
I960
i
i
\
Oct*
s Sopt*
t Aug.
i
:
4
l
! 46, aid
146,687
;46,679
4 5, 8 9 8
15,926
|16,004
115,980
15,327
!
TOTAL
Oct.
i
\
KSJjUF^CTURIMG
^
i
i
J
j
:
:
i
:
t
Out •
1950
to
Oct e
1961
68
i/921
78
./ 99
939
4
j - 20
0
3
/
5
I - 41
1
i ..
;/
7
1
913
MINIim
N o*
$
: !
Sdp tie
: 1951
to
t !
Oct*
« 1951
1
1951
S
(In. thousands)
9 1?
925
105
3G.6
106
371
102
40.6
110
110
102
2,738
1
I 2,752
2 ,799
2,631
V* 14
i/ l 0 7
1
j
4 ,156
4 , 17 7
4 , 18 7
4,132
- 21
. / 24
i
2,912
694
550
i 2,925
696
556
2,926
!
700
561
2,912
670
550
- 13
$
$
e
1 / 24
0
9,(394
1 9,769
9 , 63 7
9,752
‘/ 1 2 5
;/ H 2
Wholesale- tfrade
2,616
| 2,598
2,59o
2,625
j/
:,
Retail tirade
G e n e r a l m e r c h a n d i s e store >s
Food and liquor stores
tjatoiaotivti and accesrorii !S
dealers
^.pnare-l and a ccessories
stores
Other r et a i l - t r a d e
7,278
1,545
1,273
7,059
1,399
1,258
7,137
1,539
1,219
757
741
I/107
60
\t
9
V
I
Im
1
2
1/152
751
! 7,171
‘ 1,405
1,269
|
I
753
5t51
il), l*jo
545
3,119
1
498
| 3 ,137
555
3,073
/ 16
|
1 / 24
1
I
1^
6
|/70
FINANCE
1,830
1,891
i 1,912
1,021
•m
SERVICE
4 ,7 7 0
4,852
j 4,839
4, 7 57
- 62
GOVERtjjaENT
6,5<5<d
j 6,64 b
! 6,400
6,039
- 13
!/493
|
2*522
4,210
C S v7
, 2,329
1,948
4,091
-
j i,20V.
i! / 3 7 4
!/ll9
Metal mining
B i trani nou s »c o»l
NrnifietSllio m i n i n g and
q u a r r yi n g
105
360
109
C O N T R A C T C O N S T R U C TI O N
TFuVISPOliT^TlON iVx’D P U BLIC
u n u n s s
Tra nsportati o n
Comiiiuni c a t io n
Oth e r p ub l i c u t i l i t i e s
TPuu)E
F e de r a l
State and Local
:
I
----------- jL___ »-----
\/
Preliminary
j
|
I
|
1 4 >°71
!
1
1
_______ .i
i
jm
13
2
1
Z
6
;/ 59
' / 10
/ 69
1
15
9
/
1
15
- 4 -
TABLE 2
Baployete in Vaaif*oturing Indaatry Groups,
Ootobor, Soptoribor, August 1951
and October 1950
(in thousands)
-— 1351
~
1—
*
1
t
i
1
I
Industry disisiop and group t Oct,
iI Sept* 1 AUg*
i y
*
«
:
I
i
DURABLE GOODS
16,926
16,004
15,980
16,827
00
e•
MANUFACTURING
I
t
Oot, t
*
t
/ 99
8,913
8,893
8,866
8,618
/so
/295
Ordnance and accessories
65,E\
49,,4
62,2
Xitinber and wood products
'
807 !
{except furniture)
801
817
Furni-bire and fixtures
337
333
334
j
Stone, clay, and glass
560
products
559
560 I
1,346
1,349 ' 1,352
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
(except ordnance, machinery,
994
and transportation equipment)
982
988
1,570
Machinery (except electrical) 1,608
1,576
927
Electrical machinery
964 ' 942
1,496
1,493
1,607
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related
301
products
308
305
Miscellaneous manufacturing
472 | 471
industri os
467
NONDURABLE GOODS
Pood and kindred products
Tobacco manufacture9
Textile-still products
Apparel and other finished
textile products
Ptxpor and allied products
Printing, publishing, and
allied industries
Chemicals and allied
products
Products of petroleum and
coal
Rubber products
Leather and leather products
Preliminary
Change
Sept* \; Oct,
1951
)i 1950
to
1i to
Oot,
1 0ot«
1951
ii 1951
27, 7 / 1,6
/ 26.1
849
378
- 6
/ 3
- 48
* 41
544
1,289
m4
- 1
/ 15
/ 56
1,013
1,426
915
1,394
«* 6
/30
/1 2
- 31
/182
/ 39
/ 99
272
/ 3
/ 36
510
/I
- 38
7,013
7,111
7,114
7,209
■98
-196
1,638
95
1,226
1,708
96
1,232
1,689
91
1,246
1,643
96
1,357
•70
- 1
- 6
- 5
• 1
-131
1,132
487
1,165
491
1,165
494
1,221
491
*23
- 4
— 89
• 4
769
764
759
754
/ 6
/ 15
770
761
749
720
/ 9
/ 50
267
267
362
265
273
366
266
273
382
252
269
406
/2
- 6
- 4
/ 15
- 2
- 44
«• 5 —
TABLE 5
Production Workers in Manufacturing Industry Groups,# October,
Soptomb or, august 1951 and Octobcr 1950
(In thousands)
t
8
8
Industry division and group* Oct#
* y
i
MuMJFAC TOEING j 12,983
DURABLE GOODS
. 7,286
%
• 13,070
TTdTb
‘t Net
i Sept*
t 1951
t Oot* i to
i Oot*
i
i
t
i 1961
k’
1
13,055 i 13,133 | -87
” 1961-~
i
t
i
t
lm SOpt# t t.U g ,
t
;
!
:
7,252 j
7,275
Change
; Oct,
t 1960
t to
l Oct,
1961
-150
7,186 1
i /ll
/1 0 0
40,;2
42,3
22,3 / 1.3
Ordnance and accessories
43*6
Lumber and wood products
m5
738
(except furniture)
743
751
786
Furniture and fixtures
284
329
289
285
/ 4
Stone, clay and glass
products
481
479
482
471
• 3
Primary metal industries
1,154
1,159
1.165
1,117
- 5
Fabricated metal products
I
(except ordnance, machinory *
1
816
850
and transportation equipment) 808
811 '
- 3
Machinery (except electrical) 1,2*3 S 1,219
1,104
/24
1,211
Electrical machinery
j
718 !
709
095 ;
710
/ 9
Transportation equipment
| 1,193 ! 1,210 , 1,107 ! 1,157
-17
Instruments and related
i
products
i
223
205 !
227
224
: / 3
!
Miscellaneous manufacturing
i
i
industries
393 I
391 !
389 |
436
/ 2
NONDURABLE GOODS
5,697
5,795
1,249
Food and kindred products
1,317
80
Tobacco manufactures
89
Textilo-mill products.
1,132 . 1,137
i
Apparel and other finished
textile products
1,014 ,. 1,036
Paper and allied products
! 412 I
417
I
;
Printing, publishing, and
allied industries
519 !
515
Chemicals and allied
products
651
542
Products of petroleum and
coal
199
197
Rubber products
212
218
Leather end leather products
327
321 j
— —.
.1
/
2
Preliminary
!
11
|
/ 21.3
- 47
- 40
/ 8
/ 37
- 42
/139
/ 6
/ 36
/ 22
- 43
5,803
6,947
-98
-250
1,301 1
84
1,153
1,260
89
1,264
-68
- 1
- 6
- 11
— 1
-132
1,047
419
1,100
421
•f22
- 5
- 86
« 9
510 |
!
514 !
i / 4
530
523
j
198
219 i
i
342 |
i
L.
/9
/
I
1
5
/ 28
190
/ 9
/ 2
» 6
219
• 7
367 |
46
! - 6
._„Ji...... -j
FOURTH VOLUME IN STATE AND AREA
SERIES - "MANUFACTURING EMPLOY
MENT BY STATE"-NOW AVAILABLE
m i AMIiUAL
PUBLICATION
The fourth release in the Bureau of Labor Statistics* series
on State and area employment date, entitled "lianufacturing
Employment by .Otato, 1950”, is now available for distribution.
It follows throe earlier volumes "Area Employment, 1950", "Kono.crioultur.1:!
Employment by State, 1950”, and "Hours and :>rnin>s in lihnuf-.eturing by State
and Aron, 1947~1950,,e Description of these volumes can be found in tho Isay
1951# July 1951# and August 1951 iseuec, respectively, of 22;rL0¥iF-i'T AID
PA'XHOLIS,
Those pnblicationc comprise 4 volumes of a series under the general
title "Bnploywent, Hours, am- Eiirninns — State and Aron lata". The data aro
prepared by State agencies cooperating with the Bureau of Labor Statistics*
SCOPE Cffi*
TIE. DATA
The relative case with vrhich statibtics on manufacturing
industries can bo colloctcd, aj compared with data on other
industrial se^nonts, mal:c3 tho current volume on "Vsnufaoturing Employment* by State" more complete than any of tho other .volumes ccmpilod
under the State and Area ProfTam, Although tho amount of industrial detail
shown under manufacturin?- varies from :’
,ori.o to f'tr.to, for every ."State there
aro estimates of total employment in manufacturing for every month since
January 1947•
The Standard Incustrl:.! Classification (SXC) code c'ividos manufacturing
into 21 broad industry ;:roups, l'n selectin';; the industries within each
industr-' division for publication, preference is Given to the detail that
most nearly describes the important activities in tho State, Industry
coverage for each of 20 major '.jrnufneturing subdivisions (excluding only the
ordnance industry) is substantial. The major limitation in tho data is the
abaenoo df detailed industry statistics for Mohican, the fifth largest State
in terms of workers employed. For half of the 20 major industry groups the
states x/hich provide esthetes cover 90 percent or more of tho industry* s
total employment, and in 8.others they represent at least 30 percent of the
industry^ employment.
USES OF
iianufacturing employment (is the largest industrial sogTHB DATA
nent in the economy, ciocounting for about onoi-third o?
'
the total nom'arm labor force. It has also proven, aver
tho last two decades, to bo ** next, to the construction industry - the most
dynamic of all thb industries - with rcspect to change in emplor/mont levels.
Because of its sise, volatility, and tho relatively high wages which it pays,
manufacturing lias a strong secondary effect on employment trends in trado,
service, transportation, and other industries. Its novcnonts, therefore,
are an important gauge of the economic welfare of tho State and its
communities. Continuous over the years, the statistics measure changes in
the economic structure of states and indicate the general direction of 3t."te
developments,
•Manufacturing industries buy and sell billions of dollars worth of goods and
setrvices annually, The distribution of employment, by industry and by State,
therefore, is a key to the location of markets which businessmen can uso in
distributing sales ftirccs, sotting sales quotas, and planning advertising
expenditures, Tho enploymerit trend in specific industries is useful to
businessmen who want a measure of changing levels ftir comparison with their
own plant jxarfoxnance,
Smi AP.Y OF
FI1DDIGS
ihnufacturing employment is highly concentrated within
a few States, Throe of them— -IIow York, Pennsylvania, and
Ohio— accoimtcd for 3 out of every 10 of tho country*s
manufacturing workers in 1950, ’.Jhon Illinois, .Michigan, and California, each
with morn than 5 percent of the country*s total, are "added, the si;: States in
combination account for half of all tho manufacturing workers in tho United
States, Tho first five States nontioned each h.ive more than 1 million
manufacturizy workers. .'.t the other Cud of the range, 25 States together
employed only 10 percent of‘the country*s nanufacturing workers.
Manufacturing frequently dominates n ~tate*s econcpny, In such compact
and industrialised ..States as Ihode Island and Connecticut, manufacturing
accounts for lialf of the nonfarn erploymcnt. At the end of the distribution
is the r-istrict of Columbia where govci*nnont, trade, and sorvico completely
overshadow other fields of ermloynent.
Host of the major industry groups in manufacturing are also concentrated
in relatively few States, Outstanding examples of industry concentration
are tobacco .mnufacturos, textiles, apparel, products of petroleum and coal,
leather products, machinery, and professional aud scientific instruments.
The noro dispersed industries include .food and kindred products and lumber
and wood products.
The distribution of manufacturing industries within n ot'.to nay be one
in which a single industry group dominates or strongly influences a State *s
manufacturing economy. Lumber, food products, and to;rti3.es arc tho
industries which most clearly torn? to follow this x?.ttorn. In Oregon,
employment in lumber ant?, wood products in 1950 cornrisod 60 porccrit of the
State*s manufacturing total. Textiles accounted for 64 percent of tho total
in South Carolina, and food products, 54 percent in Nebraska. Because of
their diversified industrial cofnosition, tho largo industrial States
is 52-1898
9(excluding Michigan) vere never dominated by one Industry to the extent
that the less industrialized States vert. Nevertheless, there was a heavy
concentration of apparel in New York, machinery in Ohio and Illinois,
primary metals in Pennsylvania and Ohio, and food products in California.
Another aspect of concentration is tha extent to which a State*s
manufacturing labor f o r c e is clustered in the large cities. In California
and Hew York in 1950, for example, 55 percent of all the manufacturing
workers vere found in Los Angeles and New York City, respectively. Five
metropolitan areas in California and nine in New York accounted for 84 per
cent of the manufacturing vorkors in their respective States. In Maryland,
three out of every four manufacturing workers vere located in Baltimore.
COPIES
AVAIIABUS
TO PUBLIC
Copies of the volume "Manufacturing Employment by State,
1950" (as veil as the three previous volumes "Area Bmployment 1950”, "Nonagricultural Employment by Stato 1950"#
and "Hours and E. raings in Manufacturing by Stato and Area,
19^7 • 1950”) may be obtained by vritinn to the Bureau of Labor Statistics,
Department of Labor, Washington 25# D. C. Current employment data for the
series contained in the foregoing volumes are available monthly In the
Bureau's regular report EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLLS. Requests for more de
tailed industry Information should be directed to the Bureau of Labor
Statistics or to the appropriate State agency. Names and addresses of
these agencies appear on page IV of this report.
• 10 -
INDUSTRY HIGHLIGHTS
LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS
Employment In September 1951 in leather and leather products
establishments totaled 327,000 production workers* This figure con
stituted a drop of 15,000 from the previous month, wis 45,000 less than
that for September 1960, and was the lowest fig tiro reported since
November 1945. Demand for shoes and other leather products has fallen
off from the high levels reached in the months immediately following the
outbreak of hostilities in Korea«
The long-term outlook for the shoe industry is fenerally favorable
because the demand for a necessity such as shoes expands vzith increases
in population and income# Synthetic materials, including certain types
of plastics, however, are making h*avy inroads ou the markets of the
leather tanneries* An increasing proportion ot* shoe soles, ladios
handbags, luggage, and maty ether articles formerly made of leather are
now made of synthetics#
FURNIT URE AND FIXTURES
Manufacturers of furniture and fixtures reported ir. September e
total of 534,000 workers# This represented a slight seasonal gain frcm
the previous month, although employment was about 12 percent lower than
in September 1950, and reflected a drop in furniture production from the
record level reached in the fall of 1950# Even though employment is
lower than in 1950, it is still 14 percent hipher than the postwar low
of 295,000 in Jtily 1949,
- u -
PAPER AND ALLIED
PRODUCTS
Employment In the paper and allied products plants in September
was slightly below the all-time hi^h of 500,OCX) reached in the spring of
1951, Turing the summer months, demand slackened somewhat and there was
a small drop in production. Compared with previous years, however, pro
duction is at a high level, and for the year 19*il the industry v,ill
establish* new production and employment records.
Currently, there are
about 50 percent more, workers in the industry than in 193?*•
MALLEABLE-IRON F O U N D R IE S
Employment in independent mallenble iron foundries has been rising
gradually during 1950 and 1951, recovering from a postwar lov; of 19,700
production w orkers in July 1949, which was almost down tn 1939 levels.
In September 1951 a total of over 28,000 production workers were, em
ployed in this industry, about 15 percent more than in September 19f>0,
as the industry expands to produce more malleable iron castinfa for the
mobilization program, employment will continue to rise.
In mid-1951 production was at an annual rote of about 1,100,000
tons* It is estimated that the use of malleable iron castings in mili
tary and civilian products v;ill require an annual output of 1,500,000
tons by early 1953# Although production for the automobile industry
(normally the largest single user of lnalle&ble castings) will decrease*
growing military requirements for castings tn such items us shells,
machine guns, tanks, and military trucks should more than offset this
loss# In addition, demands for malleable casting's will continue high
in such industries as plumbing supplies, railrondn, and machinery.
TIN CANS
TIN'WARE
Employment in the tin «ans and other tinv»are industry fluctuated
rel atively little throughout 1951* There were about 45,000 production
workers in September, only slir.htly more than in February, the lov? month
of 1951, itfien employment totaled about 42,000, The fluctuation was much
greater in 1950 however# when employment ranged from about 50,000 pro
duction workers in Septentoer to a low of about 36,000 in January.
«* 12 •
Production of tin cans, which accounts for nearly 95 percent of
the industry's total value of shipments, has been at hifh levels throupfrout 1951# Limitations on-the amount of mtal available for tin cans
were imposed in the-first quarter of 19*1, Amendments to the original
crdor have further limited their use .for such items as pet food, beer,
cleaninc compounds, insecticides, paint., and other ckeoieal products#
Limy producers have substituted other types of containers, particularly
plaiis, for their products#
The chief effect of the limitation orders has been to channel
metal cans into the- packaging of essential food products* Over-all
production of cans has increased sliphtly during the first half of 1951
as ccmpared with the same period of 1950* Production of cans for
packing nonfood items during the second quarter declined, however,
by about 12 percent from the similar period in 1960#
Continued high demand for metal containers and present plans for
allocating tin plate indicate that production-and enployment in this
industry vdll remain at hirh levels*
- 13 -
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
MAURICE J. TOBIN, SECRETARY
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Ewan Claque, Commissioner
. . . defense requirements expand employment
An estimated 15.000 workers were employed in the assembly of
military tanks in July 1951* This represents a substantial increase
since the period just before the outbreak of the Korean conflict vhen
tank activity was limited to overhauling and reconditioning of World War
II tanks. By .lnt.e 1952. emplc/itienv; (in tank at&evibly; is expected to
reach 45,000-'in order to attain a scheduled eev&nfold increeaeS/ in
production according to a study made by bhe Bureau of Labor Statistics.
By this time, major tank assemblers will be enjr’a*ed in quantity produc
tion and their facilities will be expanded to the extent that they can
produce 35>000 tanks a year, if required.
Trend in Employment
Upon our entrance into World War II, approximately 22,000
workers were turning out tanks. Tank assemblers, who were already pro
ducing for our allies when the United States entered World War II, more
than doubled their employment between Pearl Harbor and bhe latter part
of 1943 when tank production and employment reached a peak with more than
50,000 workers cm the payrolls.
1/ Some of these workers will be engaged in the manufacture of other
~
combat vehicles (armored utility carriers, motor carriages for selfpropelled artillery, and carf:o tractors) which will be made in tank
assembly plants. The >*reat majority of workers, however, will be
engaged in tank assembly.
2/
Statement of Charles E. Wilson in Th*.rd Quarterly Report to the
President by the Director of Defense Mobilization, October 1, 1951>
that: uThe tank-automotive program will increase sevenfold in
deliveries In the next year."
*
This report is reprinted from the Bureau's monthly publication,
Employment and Payrolls Detailed Report, September 1951*
14 *»
Tank producers now have great*, r clpacity and experience in making
military e^ui^ment than at the beginning of U'orJ.d*V»ar II. Consequently,
conversion to military output and the build-up in employment in the coming
year is expected to be at a mere rapid rate than in 1941-19-43, despite the
increased eiae and complexity of nocieru tenks. Te’dca now coming off the
production lines vein'll about '}Q percent moro thz..n the comparable models
produced during World ’/ar II and contain far more complex weapons and fire
control equipment.
Although the re ilroad equipment industry was the principal tank
producer at the time of our entering Viorlti War 31, the automotive inaustry
soon assumed production leadership tnd evfentualiy employed the greatest
number of workers in the industry. The automotive industry will be the
leading tank producer in the current program and will employ about half
the workers in non-Government tank assembly plants. The remainder.of the
non-Government workers will be divided between manufacturer* of railroad
equipment and agricultural Machinery.
Production Trends
The scheduling of large quantity tank production for the Defense
program began soon after June 19*50. Initial efforts vere devoted to the
procurement of plant space, Machinery, and personnel. A substantial number
of raoth-bni.led World war 11 tanks vers oi.*u> rebuilt or overhauled er> a
temporary measure to meet immediate needy for military trnks* This program
is continuing, but, in addition, new tanks are now rolling off the assembly
livi-^s in increasajruj numbers. Tocling-up has already been completed for
about c. third of the military program /aid preparations for production are
well advanced on the remsJ.ndei: of the program.
Working at full capacity during the war years 1941-19^5, the
Nation*factories turned out cpproximtt;*t.y 66,000 thinks in addition to
thous£.r;db of other combot vehicles (table 1 ). Present programs cr.ll for
the deve.iofwnt of greater c&^city than that achieved during Uorld l/ar II,
although tchwdtCed production ra^es are below peak wartime production rates.
Military tanks uve mainly produced by automotive, railroad equip
ment, and agricultural iaachindry co«npaoios because these firms have the
manufacturing experience, pl^it facilities, heavy metal fabricating
equipment, and skilled labor required for tank production. The com
panies holding tank contracts do not plan to convert many of their
present facilities and assembly line?;. A 1&x%e part of their produc
tion will be placed in new plant;:, or reconditioned wartime plants. In
IS 52-1898
- 15 Table 1
Combat Vehicle Production,
Selected Groups,
1940 - 19I45
Total
1940
1941
Total tanks
(new) - - - 85,933
351
Light - - - 28,323
Medium - - - 56,272
Heavy - - - 1,115
325
6
Self-propelled
mounts - - 48,000
1944
19^2
1943
4,352
24,694
29,493
0
2,591
1,761
0
8,212
4,043
10,947
13,746 21,246 13,246
0
54
35
6,267
0
87
12,584
2,715
11,42(5 21,194
19^5
-V
17,5b5~ 9,498
2,205
1,026
l/ Actual production - January throu.jh May 1945,
SOURCE: The Industry-Ordnance Team by Lt. Oen. Levin H. Camtoell, Jr.,
Whittlesey House, New York, 1946.
view of these plans, the build-up by tank assemblers will not directly
necessitate a drastic reduction in their civilian production.
Location or 3£mplo;nr.ent
The greater port of tank assembly capacity is now located in the
Great Lakes region and the Middle Atlantic States which are the establish
ed centers of transportation equipment and ranchJnery manufacturing.
Current planning culls for the division of the Nation into five tankproducin-.? areas which correspond to the present location of heuvy industry*
For strategic reasons, those areas would be as self-sufficient as possible*
Prime contractors and subcontractors, all located within the same area,
would act as fully integrated tank-building tinIts.
As production expands, employment will become more widely distri
buted tfeogrophicnlly than at present. However, Michigan will continue
to employ more workers in tank assembly thnn any oth^r State, even atpeak production, and employment will be heavily concentrated in the
Great Lakes region. This will be similar to the World War II pattern.
» 16 *
At the penk of tire Defense Pro*rem, it ie expected" thr*,t nil tM vorkars
enxi/^ed in tank ess«-m*oly will be employed la tV.<? following States!
Michigan
Hey York
Dela w re
Ohio
IlHnoW
California
Penceylwnia
Indiana
Wisconsin
ja&fcJaEa»
Tp.nk- production ie still in a prel.lciir.p.ry et»»e and oeeap&».
tionnl renaireirents bnve not become c’efrlv established. Vo'ever, there
is con«id.errble t-vtde^oe that the oer.a„*ttonal yPtterns In t*-nk: usseably
plants viti be sieller to those of World.V*r II. .Sarin* jbbs.t*wwr* after
sevrtrnl veR .*8 of production, tank ftss«>«Wy plants employee*, abolit* 40 perce&t "slfllJ&F, 25 p^roe'r.t 'S^.SstfVPrtd; end 15" prrc&ftt 'tfhsidiTl'ed
The royoini"/- 30 p?rc*nt of the Industry1■ employment consisted of pro«~
fessional, executive, adn>1n<strative, pnd clerJcnl occult ions. In 194?,
v:n<?ine.-.r8t drpftsmen, and other profrRs’onal and. snbprofessi on*il wor-lssrs
cisaprir<od "I.:*:5 then 3 percent of the industry's lnbor forda.' In 1941
end 194'i, tve percentages of professional *nd s tilled workers ««*ro tso/ae~
what hi<4’er.
Significant in deter** In lr.<» tlx> occul,-tion,xV j^ttern in t^nk.
nay-.-Kk1v dortnr World Var II wrs ti:e widespread practice of sdvtir.*
wxintiii'* '••tor fore* >'.nd pi<»nt fftMMti s to tan«r Assnably.- 2V>r <.-3rf.«&nle, rei.lro?,i c-onMHt".:rt co<n^rdefl usin# custom m*t>ods o<* nafti'xf,;ct.*»re"
nr. int tin d ,♦» .hix-hf.r p» *-i*on*rve .-.f s>d11#:d workers *».ft?r. conversion to
tan** ? savtcb1,v th*n the ju-hs produc+ior. 9;itnmobilf-.‘ industry,- Although65031m
the 8- d1f/ur#nc9P rrsuit'd from variations in t hf a-ie of enlicontracti::y, they t».-*r« also cnus^d
the «.*?♦ of different t-cfcniques
ard.^rosesers rtsic*- these Industries eerrted ov-r. into tan* manufao*
tflisv from tho*r civilian production tx^* Mon.ce.
Thsse differences hr*4 a
-’f " ct ,n,#an
occ,.iP.?tionf>l
distribution of vorkers eo*»!oy«-<? <n t!v v'*ri:«'is 8«FTtr>ts of the induet r - , . .Fom-'r milror.d ec,,ti«,.>’nt mnnufnetur*~o n«*-'d»\ higher i>ro,X)rtion
of workers who.**r-> trpln.-d for more fa n one operation "and who- s?.t up
their ovn tools, .Automotive RF.».nfeetorers visac* a bl.»her..prdportton o$
sp *cialis?ed skill vd wor'cers, s«tc>. us lob editors, die* e - . * e * . t o o l
r,«L$sr8, to set np machines for less scillod F/>ci'itie tool operators. As
- 17 a result, they were able to employ o hitzher proportion of semiskilled
workers than the former locomotive and railroad car builders.
Similar factors will probably influence the occupational require
ments of the various tank assemblers during the present Defense Program.
Since tank assembly requires a fairly high proportion of skilled labor,
tank assembly plants already face shortages of professional and skilled
workers similar to those faced by other defense industries. Shortages
have been especially severe in occupations such as those of engineers,
engineer draftsmen, tool and die makers, heat trenters, molders and
coremakers> and machinists, which are included in the United States
Department of Labor's list of critical occupations. Workers in these
occupations comprise almost a tenth of tank assembly employment; some of
these workers are urgently needed during the development and tooling-up
phase of production. As tanks roll off the assembly lines in increasing
numbers, other shortayes may develop in production occupations.
The principal plant workers in tank assembly are: assemblers,
machine tool operators, welders, machinists, and Inspectors. Although
all of these occupational groups contain large numbers of skilled workers,
assemblers, machine tool operators, and inspectors are predominantly semi
skilled-,workers who require only a. limited training time. As the defense
tank program roaches quantity production, Increased numbers of these less
skilled workers will be required.
Women hold only n small proportion of the jobs in tank assembly
plants because of the strenuous nature of the work and the hiyh proportion
of skilled trades required. During World War II, women accounted for only
17 percent of the plant workforce. Most of them were employed in office
occupations and in semiskilled and unskilled Jobs. At present;, women
comprise approximately 7 percent of all the employees working in nonGovemment tank assembly plants.
Tank Components and Spare Parts
A military"tank is essentially an armored automotive vehicle
carrying weapons. Like an automobile, it is composed of thousands of
individual pieces that must be machined, subassembled, and assembled.
Important subassemblies include hulls, transmissions, engines, turrets,
and fire control equipment. The assembly of tanks and the manufacture
of their component parts are usually done in separate plants. Most of
the hulls and turrets .Cor modern tanks are fabricated by the steel
castings industry, which does not assemble tanks.
Because most tank assembly and the manufacture of tank
assemblies are done by companies in the automobile, railroad
sub
- 18 equipment, farm machinery, and steel foundries Industries, data for these
Industries may be indicative of the hours and earnings of workers engaged
in the production of tanks, subassemblies, and components. Table 2 show
the average hourly earnings and the average weekly hours for these
industries.
Table 2
Hours and Earnings of Production Workers in Selected Durable
Goods Industries August 1991 and June 1950
Average Weekly
Average Weekly
Average Hourly |
Earnings
Hours
Earnings
Industry
1950 :
! 1951 ' 1950
1951 jj 1950
1951
August ii June
j August
June 1
! August
June
1i
Agricultural
!
!
i
1 machinery and
j
40.2
$1,588
1 tractors ..... i $71*68 I! $63.84 : 40.0
$1,792
j
!
i|
: 76.71
i
1
f
.Railroad
;
j equipment.... 4 76.13
!
1
!Steel
! 76.25
75.76
39-6
42.8
64.56
| 40.3
j
' 39.2
1.889
1.647
65.65
| 43.3
i
41.5
1.761
1.582
All Durable Goods
Industries ....
i
62.86
!
1.683
1.522
1 1.937
1.770
1l
69.68
1
i
41.4
41.3
1
il
• 19 -
INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT REPORTS
TRUCKING
• • • » trucking employment at record high
Trucks play a major role in our domestic transportation system*
They carry almost all city freight plus a itubstai'tihl portion of intercity
freight and thus actually transport more tonnage thf.n all other forms of trans
portation cabined* The railroad industry, however, carries the bulk of
Intercity freight#
Employment in establishments primarily engaged in local or long
.
distance trucking or warehousing reached an all-time high of 629,000 workers 2/
in September 1961# This represents an 18 percent increase over employment in
January 1847« In addition, the trucking industry estimates that there are
over 4 million other workers engaged in trucking including many who tnxy be
only incidentally pefrfbrsAng trucking duties such as driver salesmen (milk
men, bread deliverymen, etc*), and repairmen (plumbers, telephone servicemen,
etc #)
Table 1*-- Employment in Trucking and Warehousing, by Year and Month 3/
1947-51
(in thousands)
Year
Month
Average
•IT
•s
*
1
■
An# Feb# •
Mir# -
Iby June Ally Aug# •
Sept#Oot# Nov# Deo# •
• m
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
r_„. ---------------
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
651
566
548
584
mm
552
632
540
531
531
538
555
576
567
554
558
563
549
544
538
532
532
540
540
545
650
554
562
577
616
624
626
624
620
619
538
689
565
537
551
564
539
614
mm
561
564
621
655
mm
580
580
568
621
mm
583
579
r.7i
617
596
571
622
666
hb employment level is based on data from Social Insurance
Prog ams, fluctuated by monthly employment samples, These estlmate neeessorily
_____
exclude many industry workers suih as self*
employed persons 6nd proprietors*
614
620
629
mm
mm
-*
• 20
Growth of the Industry
The trucking Industry has grown rapidly sineo about 1903, when
trucks began to replace horse-drawn wagons. In 1910 there were only 10,000
trucks in use, all of them engaged in local delivery work. Today, four
decades later, about 6-3/4 million trucks serve American farms, hones, and
industries!
Table 2*—
Truck Registration of Canmoroial Vehicles in the
United States by Type of Operation
September 1951
Type of operation
Extractive • • • • • • • • • •
Construction
Manufacturing distribution • Wholesale distribution - • • Consumer distribution - - - - Other public utilities - - - Business, professional and
service personnel • • • • » • «
Institutional agencies • - - ■
Tank trucks
For-hire ■ •
Intercity eemmon carrier - - Local common carrier - - - - Tank trucks
Souroei
Number of trucks
Percent of total
8,720,000
100.0
7,010,000
3,050,000
420,000
175,000
705,000
556,000
665,000
1,476,000
160,000
86»1
35,0
4,8
2,0
9,0
4,1
7,6
16,9
1,8
225,000
36,000
165,000
2.6
#4
1,9
1 ,210,000
13,9
300,000
230,000
650,000
30,000
3,4
2,6
7,5
,3
Preliminary Defense Transportation administration estinatos.
• 21 w
In the early years of the century, trucking m s confined mainly to
local hauling because highways were few and generally bad, and trucks were
crude, mechanically unreliable, nnd heavier thnn the loads they could carry.
In the 1920*8 the trucking industry begun to compete with the railroads and
Inland water transportation for intercity traffic as a result of the develop
ment of pneumatic tires, better truck design and construction, and a constantly
expanding network of usable highways. By 1925 there were almost 2-1/2 million
trucks registered) 11 years later, that figure had jumped to about 4 million.
Preliminary estimates for September 1951 show about 0,720,000 trucks regis
tered in the United States#
Table 5**- Truck Registration of Privately Owned Vehicles
in the United States by Year
1910-51
Year
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919 - 1920
1921 - - •
1922
1923 — — •
1924
1925
1926 — — —
1927
1928
1929
Source*
Truck
registration
Yonr
10,123
20,773
42,404
67,667
99,015
158,506
250,048
391,057
605,496
897,755
1930
1931
1932
1983
1934
1985
1936
1937
1938
1939
1,107,633
1,281,508
1,569,523
1,849,086
2,176,838
2,483,215
2,807,354
2,969,780
3,171,542
3,408,088
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
U, S, Bureau of Public Roads*
Truck
registration
- - - - — — —
— — —
- - — — —
— — «•
— — —
---m m m
3,518,747
3,489,756
3,256,776
3,245,605
3,430,396
3,675,865
4,001,464
4,249,219
4,210,477
4,406,702
4,590,386
4,859,244
4,608,086
4,4f»0,176
4,513,340
4,834,742
5,725,(592
6,512,628
7,227,380
7,692,569
8,272,153
- 22
About 87,poreent of the ...nerlcan truck fleet Is cnguged oxolusivoly
in haul inf the. property of the. owners« These, owners include the thousands; of
bakeries, dairies, meat puckers and distributorsf chain stores, oil companies-,
and retail stores of all kinds* aIso included in this 87 percent are the
fleets of trucks operated by companies providing, telephone., gas, electric,
and viator service j the. trucks ownsd.and operated by Federal* Stute., ;and local
goverments) and the* millions of farm trucks*
The remaining 13 percent of the American truck fleet are "for-hire"
carriers that haul varied commodities for shippers who desire a trucking
service* There are more than 1 million for-hire trucks in operation today,
carrying general freight, household goods, heavy machinery, farm products,
motor vchides,.building materials, forest products, ores, an$ many other
kinds of goods* In 1944, 87*7 percent of.all trupks were operated in local
service and 12*5 percent were operated In intercity service, while 38*2 per
cent of the for-hire fleet was engaged in local service* Applying those per
centages to- the 1951 trucking fleet would result in figures of 7,600,000 for
local seryioo and about 1,100,000 for intercity service, 420,000 of them forhire trucks*•
Trucking Trends
Truck transport accounted for 12*4 percent of intercity ton-mtleage
in 1950, compared vA^h 8*4 percent in 1940* The growfth occurred in the post
war period. During World **ar II, the proportion of intercity traffic carried
by trucks declined to 4*S percent in 1844* But by 1950^ ton-milo performance
reached an all-time high of 126 billion, an increaso of one-third over 1949*
Total intercity ton-milo traffic carried by all forms d? transportation rese
15*2 percent in this samo period to o total of 1,017*0 billion ton-miles,
only 4*‘
4 percent below the wartime- peak carried In 1944^*
«• 23 <"
Table 4,— Volume of Intercity Freight Traffic in Ton-I Tiles,
by Kind of Transportation,
1949-50
Ton-miles
(billions)
Transport agency
Railways, steam and electric
including mail and express - Highways, for hire and pri
vate trucks - - - - - - - Inland waterways, including
Great Lakes - - - - - - - Pipe lines (oil) — — — — — — Airways (domestic revenue serv
ice, including express and
mail)
— —
1949
1950^/
534,7
596,9
93,7
Percent
of increase
1950
over
1949
Percent of
annual total
1949
1950
11,6
60.6
58,7
126,0
34,5
10,6
12,4
139,4
114,9
164,6
129,2
18,1
12,4
15,8
13,0
16,2
12,7
,2
,3
3/31.3
(3)
(3)
882,9
1,017,0
15,2
100,0
100,0
l/ Preliminary estimates.
airway ton-miles used in computinf percentage totaled 306 million in 1950,
and 235 million in 1949*
3/ Represents about ,03 of 1 pcreent of 1949, and ,03 of 1 percent in 1950.
'2
J
Source*
Interstate Commerce Commission,
For the first quarter of 1951, class I highway carriers reported a
25 percent increase in tonnage over the same period in I960, » 10 percent in
crease was registered for the second quarter. The rearmament program in the
months ahead will require deliveries of an anticipated ^4 billion per month
in military 11end-products" alone. To that will be added the transportation of
supplies to and from defense plants and the ordinary movement of civilian
goods. Even if the rearmament prof.ram causes a curtailment in civilian pro
duction, it will be more than offset by greatly expanded defense production.
The trucking industry probably will carry a greater volume of freight in 1952
than in 1951«
Employment Outlook
Employment prospects are bright# The ever-increasing demand for
trucking service has.created a sharp demani for workers. In recent months
the Industry has noted difficulties in-obtaining experienced and"qualified
driver, maintenance,- and clerical personnel. Employment, is nxpected to
continue to rise in 1952, making manpower an incrousingly serious .problem*
V/ork Force
The trucking industry offers a wide variety of employment oppor
tunities •in nest communities. Thv largest occupational group are drivers
and helpers mho comprise 67.7 peroenc of the industry's work force* They
are engaged in a number of specialised jobs., such as^those of local deliverynan, long distance hauler, household mover, oil field hauler, and the tank
truck driver, to name but a.fev/, Anpthor grojatp .of workers^ about 7.1 per
cent of the -work forcc, are.employed, in maintenance shops of trucking com
panies as mechanics, oilers, greasers, washers, and in >•. number of other
service type occupations. This group keeps equipment in safe and efficient
operating condition® The industry also requires nany unskilled labor'ors
who work as freight handlers, loading and unloading trucks*
Trucking jobs are becoming more specialized and colleges and
other schools are expanding thuir transportation courses to -include truck
driving and management. Some schools rive oourse.s especially designed to
train the highly skilled personnel needed in the industry, such- as traffic
and rate men, safety supervisors, and insurance nuvn, Finally, there are
many administrative and: clerical jobs*
Table 5.—
Occupational Structure in Selected Por-Hire
Trucking Companies, 19£1
Occupational groups
Drivers and helpers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - j>*iinistrativti and. clerical .aintfinance * « » — • • • » — • • » » • — — — — —
Platforn and dock workers
Sale§, advertising., and tariff
Insurance and salary - - - - - - - - - - - - - Other — — — — — — — — — — — —— — — — — — — — — — —
T o t a l ---- ------------- ---------------
Sources
vunerican Trucking Associations Inc*
Poroenfr
67,7
13 i5
7.1
6.9
2-1
,2
3v5
100.0
m26 •*
The working force of the Industry Is predominantly male, reflect
ing, in part, the physical demands of such work# Of the small proportion
of women in the industry, most work in offices. The proportion of ITegrvs
In the industry.Is relatively high* Although many work as freipht handlers
and in the other unskilled Jobs, many more are employed as drivers#
All
3K?!.0YI-55i:T AND i:/' ROLLS
Jetailed Report
statistical Tables
Z'eptember 1951
TA3LS
COIiTKHTS
£AGH
1
Employees In Uonagricultural Establishments, by Industry Division,•*••••
At2
2
Employees in Nonagriculfcural Establishments, by Industry Division
and Group,♦
At)
3
All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing
I n d U S t r i e S , . ,# eeee
4
#
.
s
e
A
t
5
Indexes of Produetion-Workcr Employment and Weekly Pay Rolls in
Manufacturing Industri......................... .....
AtlO
5
Employees in the Shipbuilding and Repairing Industry, by Region*«»««eeee
At11
6
Federal Civilian Employment and Pay Rolls in All Areas and in
Continental United States, and Total Civilian Government
Employment and Pay Itolls in Washington, De C« ••o»»»,«er«»e#«e«««e»•«*e»
At12
Employees in Honagricultural Establishments, by Industry Division,
by State................................................ .
At12
Employees in Honagricultural Establishments, by Industry Division,
in Selected A r e a s . , #
......... ..........
At17
Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing I n d u s t r i e s * ••••*•«
At23
7
8
9
Data for tho 2 most recent months
shown are subject to revision
#*•»«•*««#*
Explanatory note:; outlining briefly the
concepts, methodology, and sources used
in preparing data presented in tliis re
port appear in the appendix* See pages
1 «> vlii.________________________
A;2
T/J3LE 1: Employees In Uonacricultural Establishments* by Industry Division
(In thousands)
Year !
ana . Total
month.
1
1
Transporta-:
Contract , Hanufac-’
:
Govern:
tion
and
s
•
Mining. con
Trade $ Finance . Service : ment
public
:
turing s
struction .
utilities x
1
Annual
average:
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
30,287
32,031
36,164
39,697
42,042
41,480
845
916
947
983
917
883
1,150
1,294
1,790
2,170
1,567
1,094
10,078
10,780
12,974
15#051
17#38l
17,111
2,912
3,013
3,248
3,433
3,619
3,798
6,512
6,940
7,416
7,333
7,189
7,260
1,382
1,419
1,462
1,440
1,401
1,374
3,321
3,477
3,705
3,857
3,919
3,934
3,987
4,192
4,622
5,431
6,049
6,026
1945
1945
1947
1948
1949
1950
40,069
41,412
43,371
44,201
43,006
44,124
825
852
943.
$81
932
904
1,132
l,66l
1,982
2,165
2,156
2,318
15,302
14,461
15,247
15,286
14,146
14,884
3,872
4,023
4,122
4,151
3,977
4,010
7,522
8,602
9,196
9,491
9,438
9,524
1,394
1,586
1,641
1,715
1,753
1,812
4,055
4,621
4,786
4,799
4,782
4,761
5,967
5,607
5,454
5,613
5,811
5,910
July.
Aug..
Sept,
Oct,,
Nov.,
Dee,,
44,096
45,080
45,684
45,898
45,873
46,595
922
950
946
939 '
938
937
2,532
2,629
2,626
2,631
2,571
2,403
14,777
15,450
15,635
15,827
15,765
15,789
4,0u2
4,120
4,139
4,132
4,123
4,125
9,390
9.474
9,641
9,752
9,896
10,443
1,831
1,837
1,827
1,821
1,820
1,828
4,841
4,827
4,816
4,757
4,723
4,694
5,741
5,793
5,004
6,039
6,037
6,376
19S1
Jan.,
Feb.,
Mar..
Apr..
May.,
June.
45,246
45,390
45,850
45,998
46,226
46,56?
932
930
924
911
915
927
2,281
2,228
2,326
2,471
2,598
2,686
15,784
15.978
16,022
15,955
15.853
15,956
4,072
4,082
4,112
4,132
4,137
4,161
9,552
9,554
9,713
9,627
9,683
9,732
1,831
1,839
1,854
1,805
1,874
1,893
4,656
4,657
4,682
4,745
4,789
4,835
6,088
6,122
6,217
6,292
6,377
6,377
July. 46,432
Aug.. 46,679
Sept. 46.887
906
925
917
2,754
2,799
2,752
15,613
15.980
It',004
4.176
4,187
4,177
9,667
9.637
9,769
1,908
1.912
1.891
4,852
4,839
4,832
6.356
6,400
6,545
See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions*
TABLE
Zx
Employees In Honasricultural Establishments# by Industry
Division and Group
(In thousands)
Industry division atid grctip
September*
TOTAL
46,837
MINING
COilTRACT CONSTRUCTION
SPECIAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing and heating
Fain';ing $nd decorating
Electrical worl:
Other special-trade contractors
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS
TRANSIOPiTATIOi! AND ruaLIC UTILITIES
Transportation
In’
;ersVate railroads
Class I railroads
Local railways and bus lines
Trucking and warehousing
Other transportation and services
Air transportation (cjornon carrier)
Communication
Telephone
Telegraph
2,208
945
...... »5r**
GHK2RAL CONTRACTOR,:
N\
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
C
M
Highway apd street
Other nonbulldlng construction
!
|
925
105.01
105.6
68.3
67.9!
358.2|
371.1
269.6
266.YI
110.2
109.6 |
i
2,752 | 2,799
5
KOHBUILDIUO construction
i 46,679
917
petal mining
•
Anthracite
3i wuminoiis-coal
i
Prude petroleum and natural gas production;
Nonmetallic nir.inc and quarrying
•
JL2£L
August
1
. 46,432
950
{
'
1
10!/*1
65.5
359.4
267.8 ,
108.2 :
103.0
75.0
4o?iO
258*6 !
102,7
102.5
75.3
407.8
261.2
103.4
j
j 2,754
556
245.8
317.6
242.5 I
313 .'8
I.276
! 1,253
l
308.2
1C9.4
155.1 1
623.3
8,893
7,ui
; 15,900
1
i 8 ,8 6 6
; 7,114
4,177
j 4,107
2.925 1 2,926
1,458
1,46?
1,286 , 1,296
i4i ; 141
629 1 620
697 I 698
84.5 j
83.9
|
700
651.5
47.7
!
1
'
1
, 15.813
* 8,039
. 6,974
]
j 4,176
2 ,6 2 6
540
,
2 ,0 8 6
|
1 ,1 8 0
j
;
2 ,6 2 9
548
240.0
307.5
2 ,0 8 1
905
1,176
i
293.7
157.2
135.8
593.0
! 15.685
j
: 8,423
.
1 7,262
I
j
! 4,139
2,918
2,913
1.458
, 1,468
1,203
i 1,296
141 j
146
614
621
688
695
74.7
81.5
698
648.2
48.5
|
234.3 1
305.8
906
300.1 '
1C3.0 1
149.9 i
6 2 0 .1 I
See explanatory notes, sections A-Ga and the glossary for definitions.
j
563
945
696 |
647.7i
47.4!
45,080
946
960
309.5 ;
186.9 !
154.4i
612.3 ;
j 45,684
1
;o6
1 2,198
j
1950
[Sepvenbor * August
1
| 2,236
1,263
16,004
\ .July
671
621.6
48.0
285.7
158.3
133.7
597.5
15,450
|
! 8,294
1 Y.156
i
| 4,120
2,891
1,441
1,272
146
614
690
74.5
671
622,9
47.2
At4
TABLE 2: Employees In Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry
Division and Group (Continued)
(In thousands)
Industry division and group
1951
August
1
September1
July
U >5.9...
September1 August
TRANSPORTATION AMD PUBLIC UTILITIES
(Continued)
TRADE
556
530.2
235.2
118,7
561
534.8
236.9
120.3
560
533.7
237.5
119.8
555
529.5
236.6
118.6
558
534.7
238.6
118.0
176.5
177.6
176.4
174.3
175.1
25.5
26.3
25.9
25.4
OX
lMA
C
Other public utilities
Oas and electric utilities
Electric light and power utilities
Oas utilities
Electric light and gas utilities
combined
Local utilities, not elsewhere
classified
9,769
9,637
9.667
9,641
9,474
Wholesale trade
2,598
2,598
2,594
2,605
2,582
Retail trade
General- merchandise stores
Pood and liquor stores
Automotive and accessories dealers
Apparel and accessories stores
Other retail trade
7.171
1,48$
1,269
753
545
3,119
7.039
1,399
1.258
75V
498
3,127
7,073
1.407
1,268
756
512
3.130
<,036
1,474
1,210
743
540
3,0 60
6,892
1.387
1,200
749
491
3.065
1.891
1.912
1,908
1,827
1.83?
FINANCE
Banks and trust companies
Security dealers and exchanges
Insurance carriers and agents
Other finance agencies and real estate
SERVICE
Hotels and lodging places
Laundries
Cleaning and dyeing plants
notion pictures
GOVERNMENT
Federal 1/
State and local
466
63.3
676
686
471
64.3
687
690
471
64.3
682
691
435
61.4
658
683
4,832
4.839
4,852
4,816
4,82',
473
507
510
475
512
363,2
157.6
364.2
153.4
368.9
157*6
357.5
150.0
358.6
147.1
247
245
245
246
244
6,545
6.400
6,356
6,004
5,793
2,337
4,208
2,329
4,071
! 2,313
| 4,043
'
1,916
4,088
1,841
3,952
See explanatory notes, sections A-Q, and the glossary for definitions,
2/ Fourth olass postmasters are excluded here but are included in Table 6,
433 1
60.9
654
679
A:5
TAjJLI? 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industrie?*
(In thousands)
All employees
225L
Industry group and industry
My
saEsSiLflaesst
MiaillO
917
METAL MINING
105.0
j
I
925
906
105.6
105.1
Production workers
1951
September! August
J&Ijl
i
: -1
39*1
29.0 ;
19.9 1
1
38.3
29.0
20.3
67.9 ;
68.3 !
I
65.5
92.3 !
:
j
35.2 |
24.9 1
17.0 j
|
63.8 j
BITUMINOUS-COAL
368.2 :
371.1 |
\
359.4
342.8 1
346.2 | 334,6
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS
PRODUCTION
266*7 $
269.6 |
26?#8
129.8
133.4
131.9
95.9
96.5
94.6
i
39.2 •
28.7 I
19.7
{
Iron mining
Copper mining
Lead and zinc mining
1
ANTHRACITE
Petroleum and natural gas production
(except contract services)
109.6 1
NONiltiTALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING
MANUFACTURING
64.2 j
61.6
13,070
13,055
8,85.3
Y.lll
8,866
7,114
8,839
7,275
5,755
1 7,252
5,803
49.4
52.2
1.708
1
1
I
j
|
|
1
1
26.1
41.2
11.9
16.8
j
1,615
1.301
1,317
293.0
155.9
324.7
132.0
288.9
29.8
;-5.5
233.3
136.3
!
.
:
,
;
299.3
158.3
252.7
131.6
288.2
30.1
67.5
232.2
135.4
91
•
81
89
25.9
39.9
11.7
13.0
1
,
!
;
26.0
39.0
11.7
4.4
23.7
39.0 ?
10.3 :
15.7 1
234.6
107.2
315.8
98.6
192.6
25.4
84.7
156.0
102.0
*2,885
•
!7,226
|5,659
40.2 !
42.3
46.5
1.689
297.7
148.6
342.0
131.8
288.7
30.5
101.5 i
227.8 '
138.0 ,
96
6,974
Seo explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.
34.3
25.3
17.6
115,813
POOD AND KINDRiSD PRODUCTS
Cigarettes
Clears
Tobacco and snuff
Tobacco stemming and rcdrylng
35.2 |
25.2 !
17.3 |
i15,980
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
106.2
92.5
16,004
DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS
Meat products
Dairy products
Canning and preserving
Graln-mlll products
Bakery products
Sugar
Confectionery and relato-J products
Beverages
Miscellaneous food products
110.2 |
93.1
!
;
j
!
.
j
;
j
j
38.0
;1,225
232.6 |
113.7 !
298.7 I
99.1 ;
192.4 .!
24.6 |
78.6 ;
161.0 !
100,2
235.5
116,2
226.1
98.7
192.2
24.9
71.2
160.9
64
j
75
23.6
37.8
10.2
11.9
;
!
:
I
23.7
36.9
10,2
3.7
A s6
TABLE 2t All Employees an<l Production Workers In fiining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
( I n th o u s a n d s )
I n d u s tr y g ro u p an d I n d u s tr y
L , - -J & 1
......
. i^ b i
P ro d u c tio n w o rl:e rs
___
,______ __ ___ ............... ...
j .Ju ly.... S e p te m b e r i An. ruu k j J u ly
5
TJKXmiMIILL PRODUCTS
1.2C2
yarn and thread mills
Broad-woven fabric mills
Knitting mills
Dyeing and finishing textiles
Carpets, rugs, other floor covering*!
Other textlle-will products
» * .* '
5&8.0 «
226,7 '
fc?.7
48.4 i
126.7 i
APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILli
PRODUCTS
Men*u and boys* suits and coats
Men’s and boys1 furnishings and work
clothing
Women1s outerwear
Vfomen’s, children’s under garments
Millinery
Children’s outerwear
Fur goods and miscellaneous apparel
Other fabricated textile products
bogging camps and contractovs
Sawmills and planing mills
Klllwork, plywood, and prefabricated
structural wood products
Wooden containers
Miscellaneous wood products
FURNITUKJi AND mTURBS
Household furniture
Other furniture and fixtures
1
|
}
!
j
j
1
j
164.5
230.1
84.0
50.7 jI
126.9 1
1,110
,
153,5
551.1
207.2
73.4
40.6
H i t 1*
609.8
.
:
|
;
I
:
1,036
1 5 4 ,2 !
r-6i . 8 i
211. 8 i
73.41
41.2;
110,2;
1,047
1,167
153.6
573.7
210.3
<4.3
43.1
111.8
990
15*.* I
1
256.3 ;
319.5 =
V7.9 1
22.3 i
62.3 ;
loi.l I
143.0 ,
153.5 !
i
255.0 i
329.1 :
97.8 !
22.2 j
65.0 j
100.0 !
142.4
142.9
i
139.3 :
251.2
305.9
94.6
19.7
65.0
92.1
138.6
238.6
283.4
67.5
19.8
57.0
89.7
120.9
807
74?
751
748
r
!
i
|
j
!
1
140,2;
129.3
237.4!
293.9;
^.3i
19.61
59*5j
88.7 :
120.2:
233.1
271.0
fc;4.2
17.1
59.4
ro.i
116.0
813
80,4
474,3 .
!
7 6 .4
483.2
7 7 .3
477.0
7 6 .6 1
441.1 5
7 2 .5 :
448.41
7 3 .3
443.2
114.5 !
Y6.8
117.1
7 7 .6 j
62 .8 1
115.9
80.3
6 2 .1
98.6 !
71.2 j
101 . 6;
100.7
72.1=
5<''.6=
7 4 .4
5 5 .9
334
333
331
285
2?5 .6 '
108.3 •
224,0 .
108.9 '
223.7
IC6.9
196.0 '
8;).0 ‘
i
i
60.9
(
See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.
! 1,153
r+
CO
LUMBER AND HOOD PRODUCTS (RXCBPT
FURNITURE)
1.KS
1 *9.? {
>92.0 j
531 . e 1
83.3 ;
4p.O I
125.4 |
1,137
5 5.0 ’
;
1
2?i4
284
194. 5!
195.9
8 7 .8
8%3»
A:?
TABLE 5%
All Fi.iployees and Production ./orders In Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
Industry group and Industry
All employees
*431________
Septemberj Aususfc L July
PAH Tt Aim AXJiIFD PRODUCTS
Pulp# paper, and paperboard Mills
Fai«ei*hoard containers and boxes
Other paper and allied products
PRIHTIKO, PUBLISHING# AND ALLIED
nmUGTill&i
Newspaper;;
Periodicals
Books
Commercial printing
Lithographing
Other printing and publishing
CHEMICALS Ai!D ALLIITD PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial organic chemicals
Drugr, and medicines
Paints, pigments, and fillers
Fertilisers
Vegetable and animal oils and fats
Other chemicals and allied products
PRODUCTS Cl? PETROLEUM A1ID COAL
Petroleum refining
Coke and byproducts
Other petroleum ai d coal products
RUBBER PRODUCTS
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber footwear
Ocher rubber products
i
!
!
i
;
1
491
494
247.5 ■
152 .a
111.1 •
764
;
j
i
J
Production workers
1951
;:ei)tei,iber! August ! July
41;.
418
213,6 I
112.3 |
90.6 |
213.7 !
112.4 ;
92.4 j
213.5
112,4
92.5
|
1
515
!
510
507
259.1
52.2
49.0
2C4.2
40.4
112.9
11
jI
'
!
j
ji
j
152.6
35.4
36.8
167.7
32.6
SO.!
|
I
|
1
j
|
150,5
35.2
36.3
166.2
31.9
8;,5
744
j
542
530
61.3
173.2
70.1
4y.7
23.5
37.8
114.6
493
417
247.5 1
132.7 j
113.2 |
i
1
247.1
133.0
113.1
759
758
|
]
|
i
1
j
I
1
j
296 ,Y
53.6
50
204.0
4C.1
114.6
,
|
!
298.0
53.4
50.2
202.5
41.1
U4.1
761
|
745
64.6
232.2
107.4
75 .7
32.5
60.5
168.1
i
;
|
I
|
{
]
84.0
231.8
107.6
76.6
30.4
49.2
165.1
,
1
i
:
!
j
j
64.0
230.9
107,3
76.9
29.9
47.5
167.9
i
i
{
1
!
61,6
173.9
70.0
48.6
25.5
47.8
114.5
j
266
1
5
197
198
1??*
:
‘
I
;
!
:
5
i
j
i
‘
:
'
151.0
34.0
3Sr.3
166.8
31.4
68.5
526
|
5
1
1
.
!
|
61,0
172.3
70.3
50.2
22.9
35.6
114.0
i
!
!
265. |
266
i
212.3 l
22.11
30.5 !
213.2 |
22.2 |
30.3 1
213.7 1
22.2 i
30.5
153.7
*9.2 i
24.5 •;
154.1 1
19.4 ;
24.1 i
i
154.3
19.3
24.3
273
273
271
218
219
217
!
1
t
i
LEATHER AIID LEATHER PRODUCTS
j
;
i
j
117.1 ;
30.9 ;
124.8 ,
j
366
1
115.8 j
30.9 |
125.8 |
115.0
30.4
125.7
92,0 ;
25.3 !
101.1 i
91.2 |
25.2 ;
102.2
90.0
24.£
102.2
382
374
327
342
336
42.1 |
230.6 s
93.2
45.0 1
243.7 i
92.9 !
46.0
237.0
90.7
37.5 ;
207.8
81.4 j
I
j
j
Leather
Footwear (except rubber)
Other leather products
|
1
|
See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions
\
40.2
220.6 j
81.4 !
41.5
215,0
7*.3
A s8
TAJ3LE 3: .Ml Employees and Production Workers In Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
Production workers
All employees
222L
Industry group and industry
-1251-
September August * July
560
STONE, CLAY, AMD GLASS PRODUCTS
Glass and glass products
Cement, hydrauli0
Structural day produets
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Other stone, clay, and glass products
145,7
43 *6
93.6
57,1
103*3
116*3
1,349
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnaces, steel works, and
rolling mills
Iron and steel foundries
Primary smelting and refining of
nonferrous metals
tolling, drawing, and. alloying of
nonferrous metals
Nonferrous foundries
Other primary metal industries
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
GRDKAHCE, MACHINERY, AilD
TRANSPORTATION ECiUIPKEHT)
Tin cans and other tim/are
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
HeaVing apparatus (except electric)
and plumberst supplies
Fabricated structural metal products
Metal stamping, coabing, and
engraving
Other fabricated metal products
MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)
Engines and turbines
Agricultural machinery and tractors
Construction and mining machinery
Metalworking machinery
Special-lndustry machinery (except
metalworking machinery)
General industrial machinery
Office and store machines and devices
Service-industry and household machines
Miscellaneous machinery parts
1
!
661*3
281*0
j
54*9
j
96,9
106*5
148,6
j
i
i
1
,
j
\
986
'September Auygust f July
560
557
462
481
478
144.8
44.1
93.8
57.6
141.8
43.8
93.2
57.4
104.1
116.7
127.5
37.3
85.3
51.5
87.O
93.3
127.3
37.7
85.3
51.8
87.8
51.4
124.3
37.5
£4.8
51.6
87.8
91.8
103.8
116.1
1,352
11,341
661,1
280.9
1.159
656.5
277.9
573.4
250.1
11.155
575.8
250.0
571.6
247.1
46.5
46.8
97.4
lOp.O
147.8
55.5 !
I
98.0
106.8
146.6
73.2 j 78.7
50. 8
88.1
123.8 | 122.8
79.8
994
991
811
55*6 |
45.8 |
|
88.2
121.6
816
813
49.4
51.0 1 50.8
i
156.6
1
156.6
155.7
1
149.2 ! 150.5 i 152.2
230.2 ' 231.1 i 227.9
44.9 1
! 44.7 I 43.2
130.0 i
1 132.4 ! 130.9
i
120.6
121.7 l 122.8
180.3 ! 177.1
179.1
91.8
93.7 , 94.9
166.5 1 167.8 1 194.7
123.8 ! 121.9 j 121.1
292.6
288.3 1 293.5 j
;
:
1
197.7 j 198.5 1 196.8
234.3 ! 231.9 ! 230.1
106.4 ! 105.1 j 102.5
157.1 ! 138.5 ! 164.5
205.6 ' 202.9 I 201.9 1
69.8
71.2 1 68.6
130.0 i 151.5
129.7
90.8
93.8
91.5
230.3 1 226.7 l 232.1
1
|
ji 168.7 • 169.0 . 174.7
141.9 • 147.3
141.5
j; 233.3 '■ 233.5 j 229.7
195.2 ! 191.3
195.1
!
1,211
1,578
•1,570
11»235
|l,597
i: 1,219
i
See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions*
1,165
1
149.3
169.2
89.3
121.9
165.7
I 150.2 !
i 167.9 !
i 88.2 j
\ 123.1 !
5 162.5 |
149.4
166.8
£6.2
128.4
161.5
A: 9
TABLE 3J All Employees and Production Workers In Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
Industry group and industry
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY
Electrical generating, transmission,
distribution, ‘and industrial
apparatus
Electrical equipment for vehicles
Conjimirtcation equipment
Electrical appliances, lamps, and
miscellaneous products
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Automobiles
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and parts
Aircraft propellers and parts
Other aircraft parts and equipment
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Other transportation equipment
INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic apparatus
Watches and clocks
Professional and scientific
instruments
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURI!!6 INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Toys and sporting goods
Costume Jewelry, buttons, notions
Other miscellaneous manufacturing
Industries
Production workers
All employees
1951
_ 1951
4uly _September August » July _
September Au«ust
i
! 684
942
914
927
709
695
i
j
377.7
82,3
334.0
376.7
81,2
320.9
372,9
80.6
313.6
274,6
67.4
247.8
273.1 ! 271.1
6 6 .0 1
| 65.6
236.2 j! 229.5
148.2
148.3
146.4
119.3
: 117.7
119.3 |
1.507
1.496
1,490
1.197
|1,187
812,0
491.5
329.4
98.5
11.5
52.1
116.9
104.2
12.7
74.9
11.4
812.7
485.4
329.5
9i>.3
10.5
50.1
113.7
100.5
13.2
72.5
11.2
819.1
471.3
319.7 j
92.9 j
10.4
48.3
115.4
101,1
14.3
72.9
10.8
676.2 !
1 664.0
678.9
356.0
1
i 346,6
359.9
242,8 !
I 236.6
241,4
68.6 • 66,0 !
i 64.6
8.1
7.4 |
1
7.3
41.8
38.1
39.8
98.4
100.5
101.5
86.6
90.3
87.7
11.2
11.6
12.8
59.8
47.2
57.2
9.6
9.4
9.0
305
301
298
224
223
221
27.0
68,5
34.3
27.2
62.2
33.9
27.5
59.3
33.2
22.0
44.5
29.1
22.1
44.9
28.7
22.5
42.2
28.1
181.1
177.5
178.4
128.6
127.3
128.5
471
46?
460
391
389
3P3
48.5
70.8
52.3
38.7
63.7
44.5
39.2
64,0
45,2
39.4
61.8
44.3
296.0 j
288.4
| 290.9
!_______:
243.9
240.9
237.4
47,7 1
73.5 I
53.5 1
48.3
73.3
54.5
i
i
See explanatory notes, sections A-0, and the glossary for definitions.
1,210
As 10
TA3LB 4: Indexes of Production Worker Employment and Weekly Payrolls In
Manufacturing Industries
(1939 Average * 100)
Period
i
i
?roductlon-worker
employment Index
i
t
Produetlon-worker
Day-roll Index
Annual averages
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1S44
100.0
107.5
132.0
156.9
183.3
178.3
100.0
113.6
164.9
241.5
331.1
343.7
1545
1946
194?
1948
1949
195'>
157.0
147.8
156.2
155.2
141.6
149.7
293.5
271.7
326.9
351.4
325.3
371.7
July
August
September
Oetober
November
December
148.3
156.3
158.9
160.3
159.2
159.4
367.5
394.4
403.2
415.8
414.u
426.0
1251
January
February
March
April
Hay
June
158.9
161.0
161.0
160.0
158.6
159.5
424.0
430.0
435.0
433.2
428,4
434.3
July
August
September
157.3
155.4
159.5
422.8
430.2
436.9
im
See explanatory notes, section D, and the glossary for definitions.
At 11
TABLE 5t Employees in ttie Shipbuilding and RenSLzliig Industry* by Region 1/
(In thousmds)
-1951_
Region
July
227.6*
226.4
152.7
153.0
104.2
100.5
101.1
75.8
7C.4
». A.
127.1
125.3
76.9
74.6
105.0
103.4
72.3
71.6
48.5
56.5
47.5
55.9
36.4
33.9
36.7
32.9
41.0
39.8
26.1
25.2
ALL REGIONS
PRIVATE
NAVY
;
NORTH ATLANTIC
Private
Navy
SOOTH ATLANTIC
Private
Navy
GOLF}
Private
PACIFIC
Private
Navy
i
»
1950
August
September
AURUSt
September
50.7
If. A.
\
!
r
|
j
17.6
N. A.
16.8
24.2
16.0
23.8
9.6
16.5
5.5
15.7
1
'
1
j
1
i
|
I
13.7
13.0
16.8
12,8
14.4
56.5
55.1
34.6
35.5
10.3
K. A.
lc.5
46.4
9.5
45.6
8.3
26.5
5.5
26.0
6.8
6.6
6.4
2.4
2.1
5.1
5.1
4.9
4.3
GREAT LAKES:
Private
INLAND:
Private
4.2
i
The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following
statesi Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire# New Jersey,
New York, Pennsylvania# Rhode Island# and Vermont,
The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following
states: Georgia# Virginia# North Carolina# and South Carolina.
The Gulf region includes all yards bordering on the Gulf of Mexico in the following state*
Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas.
The Pacific region Includes all yards In California, Oregon, and Washington,
The Great lakes region Includes all yards bordering on the Great lakes in the following
statess Illinois, Michigan# Minnesota, New York* Ohio, Pennsylvania# and Wisconsin.
The Inland region includes all other yards.
A:12
TABLE 6: Federal Civilian Employment and Pay Rolls in All Areas and in Continental United States,
and Total Government Civilian Employment and Pay Rolls in Washington, D. C. 1/
(In thousands)
Area and branch
Employment
Pay rolls
(as of first of month)
(total for month)
________ 1951 _________
.... 1951 . ______
September August : July
September 1 August
July _
All areas
TOTAL FEDERAL
Executive
Defense agencies
Post Office Department 2/
Other agencies
Legislative
Judicial
Continental
United States
TOTAL FEDERAL
Executive
Defense agencies
Post Office Department 2/
Other agencies
Legislative
Judicial
Uashin&ton. D» C.
TOTAL GOVERNMENT
D. C, government
Federal
Executive
Defense agencies
Post Office Department
Other agencies
Legislative
Judicial
2.529.9
2.517.9
1 ,278.4
496.0
743.5
8.1
3.9
2.521.3 j 2,503.4
2.509.3 2,491.0
1,267.7 1,265.3
489,4
495.5
746.1
736.3
8.1
8.5
3.9
3.9
, 2,356.6
! 2,344,7
! 1,165,7
[ 494,0
j 685.0
j
8,1
!
1
2.349.0 2,329.8
2.337.1 2,317.5
1
| 1,156.1 1,141.2
| 493.4
487.5
j! 687.6
688.8
]
!
8.1
8.5
|
3.8
3.8
1|
i
643,930
639,041
311,251
130,243
197.547
3,213
1,676
724,164
719,202
357,459
130,329
231,414
3,257
1.705
693,405
688.626
337,591
132,500
218,535
3,195
1,584
|
278.4
20.1
258.3
249.5
87.8
7.8
153.9
8.1
.7 !
281.1
19.8
261.3
252.5
88.7
7.9
155.9
8.1
.7
280.3
19.9
260.4
251.2
87.7
7.9
155.6
6.5
♦7
See the glossary for definitions.
1/ Data for Central Intelligence Agency are excluded,
2/ Includes fourth class postmasters, excluded from Table 2,
$683,134 $769,173 0735,951
678,202 764,167 i 731,168
385,852
364,256
336,110
133,044
130,860
130,787
233,868
211,305
247,455
3,213
3,257
3,195
1,628
1,749
1,719
90,158
5,304
84,854
81,326
30,474
2,854
47,998
3,213
315
j
102,943 ]
1
4.5 9 1 !
98,352 !
94,766 j
!
1
35.357 !
2,975 !
56,434 j
|
3,257 |
i
329!
|
96.344
4,474
91.870
88.374
30.893
2.937
54,544
3,195
301
Asl3
TABLE 7$ Employees In Ncnagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
by State
(In thousands)
State
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Dist, of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa 1/
Kansas 1/
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Total
1951
Sept.
JtSSi
W
622.2
646.0
636.1
164.5
177.6
180.3
302.2
305.0
310.7
3,533.3 3,524.7 3,360.2
385.0
363.0
N.A.
829.5
820.9
790.8
i 5!7*7
667.5
| 838.5
529.3
662.4
841.5
485.3
655.7
814.2
142.2
139.9
139.1
i3,229.3 3,217.5 3,157.8
1,304.0 1,292.7 1,273.3
651.8
<39.0
619.6
506.5
475.5
512.9
|
272.6
766.2
1 ,802.6
Mining
1251
M
Sept.
iS6±. Sept,
Contract Construction
Sept.
Aug.
Sept.
23.1
12.3
6.8
35.3
26.2
M.A.
22.9
12.5
6.7
36.0
9.2
11.9
6.9
34.0
9.7
33.0
13.0
25.9
235.6
M.A.
33.8
13.0
24.4
242.3
32.4
31.0
13.1
19.9
240.6
27.3
2/
y
2/
45.8
46.5
42.8
£
4.5
6%
4.5
4.2
26.3
64.0
50.8
26.7
64.6
53.5
25.2
66.4
47.3
4.7
44.5
13.8
3.3
17.7
5.2
44,6
14,1
3.1
18,0
5.8
48.9
14.1
3.6
17.6
13.3
167.2
61.8
43.2
37.8
14.5
169.8
66.1
44.1
39.4
13.5
156.2
60.5
40.3
34.5
55.7
56.4
27.2
•6
y
62.3
27.0
•6
2.1
y
12.0
56.8
73.5
11.4
57.9
69.9
11.2
56.3
81.7
£
27.0
#6
270.5
276.5
771.0
721*3
1,796.1 1,777.2
2.7
834.8
18.5
18.5
18.1
47.1
46.8
47.3
58.6
13.7
60.3
14,1
56.7
14.7
20.0
4.1
7.8
87.5
1 6 .6
20.4
5.1
8.2
83.3
18,8
251.1
62.0
10.8
252.7
49.1
10.8
y
2.7
Michigan
Minnesota 2/
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
1
! 843.9
i1 ,228.0 1,220.9 1.194.3
156.8
155.6
1 155.5
9.8
9.6
9.4
9.7
9.4
10.3
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
330.4
328.6
321.8
61.0
61.0
57.8
; 173.6
176.7
174.*
j1.691.5 1,691.7 1 ,666.9
i
4/
3.2
.4
4.0
4/
3.2
.4
4.1
2.9
.2
3.8
Hew York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
i 5.805.7 5,779.8 5,701.7
938.3
927.6
927.7
j 115.8
116.0
117.1
11.6
3.6
.9
11.6
3.6
.8
11.2
3.5
.9
19.4
4.4
7.6
87.6
; 16,0
j
1 249.6
j 61.5
i 10,0
! 504.3
483.6
43.0
44.9
43.9
| 35.4
37.4
35.1
Oregon 1/
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
| 47f.O
476.1
479.1
•3,753.3 3,729.9 3,674.6
286.2
303.9
285.7
i 484.9
482.5
458.7
128.4
j 126.1
125.6
1.4
178.4
4/
.9
2.0
1.4
1.5
190.3
30.4
167.7
16.7
41.2
9.5
31.2
I89.O
16.3
40.9
9.4
34.0
173.7
16.4
26.1
11.6
Tennessee
Texas
Utah y
Vermont
Virginia
754.6
5 756.6
747.2
•2.C47.4 2,043.8 1,938.0
j 218.0
204.0
212.0
101.4
! 100.1
99.9
803.8
856.1
867.9
12.3
117.1
45.4
163.6
15.3
1 3.5
j 69.1
46.9
171,7
15/:
3.9
68.2
50.0
142.6
15.0
4.8
54.4
Washington 1/
Vest Virginia
Wisconsin
741.7
750.5
727.3
533.6
553.3
531.9
1,072.6 1 ,066.1 1,048.2
88.4
86.4
: 86,9
I 50.1
1 19.3
48.1
6.4
48.7
19.8
48.2
7.1
52.1
21.9
46.3
8.0
Wyoming
837.7
503.0
13.5
1.2
23.3
2.7
122.0
3.9
8.9
179.0
y
2.1
y
y
1.0
1.0
2.6
12.5
117.8
13.0
1.2
107.2
12.9
23.4
2.8
123.3
4.0
8.8
13.0
1.1
23.6
3.2
127.8
3.7
9.4
See footnotes at end of table and explanatory notes, sections 0 and H.
A:l4
TABLB 7: Employees In Nonagrlcultural Bstabllshaents by Industry Division,
by State
(In thousands)
State
Trans.& Fublie bill.
Manufacturing
1950
1951
1951
1950......
Sept. 1 Aug.
iept.
Sept. 1 Aug. Sept.
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
222*7
19.6
78.4
926.0
N.A.
219.1
18.8
76.9
933.8
65.1
223.3
15.4
78.7
843.3
62.1
Connecticut
Delaware
Dlst. of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
421.5
53.4
17.3
97.0
293.1
416.5
54.5
17.3
96.2
294.6
393.8
50.9
16.1
91.7
297.0
trade
1951
Sept'. 1 Aug«
,.1212Seot.
53.6 53.5 51.5
22.9 23.1 22.2
32.2 32.3 32.2
321.2 318.6 313.6
N.A, 45.0 43.9
125.1
43.6
69.9
802.7
N.A.
122.3
43.0
69.3
799.6
96.4
119.9
41.2
71.0
812.5
95.3
42.7
42.5
42,1
132,6
130.5
130.2
31.2
65.9
69.5
31.1
66.9
70.0
29.5
64.4
68,2
92,7
185.6
181.9
91.0
183.1
184.3
89.8
178.6
17.8 17.9 18,0
302.8 303.0 300.8
112.3 113.0 112.0
65.O 64,4 63.9
65.1 66.3 63.4
35.0
683.6
242.1
170.9
123.7
34.5
677.4
239,6
168.6
120.1
679.6
237.7
168.3
120.9
141.5
141.4
118.2
241.5
718.3
60.3 60.3 56.8
81.3 81.4 78.9
18.7 18.9
19.1
73.2 73.8 71.1
126.4 128.7 127.1
! 114.5
145.4
49.8
148.1
364.2
113.5
144.1
50.6
144.3
358.7
366.8
1,071.0 1,070.3 1.152.2
213.2
212.2
213.9
89.4
90.6
89.1
375.8
378.2
362.4
17.9
19.7
17.7
99.0 99.7 9?•!
26.8
25.3 26.6
130.3 130.8 126.6
24.3 24.2 23.2
208.9
207,0
211.0
307.5
37.0
302,2
37.5
308.8
37.3
51.6
3.5
82.2
761.1
13.1
43.9 44.3 43.2
8,8
9.0
9.1
10.5 10.7 10.7
141.6 142.0 137.7
17.6 17.8 17.2
91.8
13.0
28.5
274.2
37.6
91.3
13.3
29.0
274,8
37.5
93.0
12.0
28.9
277.1
36,3
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
1,950.6 1,941.4 1 ,912.2
423.2
440.1
419.1
6.0
6.2
5*2
1,285.6 1,285.1 1,239.3
75.6
67.8
75.5
489.4 489.1 489.2
62.4 61.7 57.0
15.0 15.2 14.4
50.2
122.1
121.2
123.0
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
157.8
157.5
159.5
1,488.7 1,486.2 1,470.1
136.1
154.0
135.9
215.6
215.5
215.3
11.6
11.7
11.7
, 48.6 48.7 49.4
358.6 357.1 345.7
15.4 15.4 15.8
26.5 27.1 25.0
11.1 11.3 11.4
107.2
676,0
51.0
88.1
36.0
105.9
662.1
51.0
87.2
36,4
105.9
674,3
51.5
84.7
38.1
60.2
60.2
58,7
218.7 219.0 219.6
22.4 22.6 22.6
9.2,
9.2
9.1
83.4 82.9 80.0
166,5
526.5
46.7
17.6
180,5
163.9
523.1
46.4
18,0
175.9
161.9
516,1
45.5
18,3
167.4
166.5
86.6
206.7
19.1
164.3
86.9
206,2
19.8
163,1
86.0
209.6
18.0
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
25.0
25.1
27.7
1,198.7 1,196.4 1,178.6
592.6
603.0
593.7
169.6
171.4
153.7
116.6
119.6
97.2
144,2
141,9
113.8
272.3
728.0
56.2
3.8
81.7
766.9
14.2
145.2
140.5
117.8
278.7
732.4
55.6
3.8
82.0
768.0
14.1
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
256.9
399.1
36.7
38.8
248.0
257.7
396.8
31.1
39.3
245.1
255.6
364..2
33 ..4
37.4
238,4
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
203.3
141.4
472.9
6,6
201.2
141.5
472.6
6.5
197.2
136.1
453.3
6.5
50.3
70.3
54.7
76.8
16.5
50.3
70.3
55.3
77.6
16.5
70.7
52.7
77.5
16.5
See footnotes at end of table and explanatory notes, sections 0 and H.
114.1
148.0
50.0
1,233.3 1,216,7 1,232.5
170.0
166.6
166.5
36,9
36.9
37.5
Ail5
TABLE 7: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
by State
(In thousands)
---------- --------Government
Service
Finance
.1950,
1950
State
1951
. 1955
1951..
..... )51
Sept, 1 Aug
Sept,
Aug, Sept.
Sept. 1 Aug, Sept.
SepL_
18.)
6,0
8,0
153.2
N.A,
18,1
5.8
8,0
153,9
15.0
18,0
5.4
8,0
144,7
14.8
55.0
25.5
35.1
454.4
ii.A,
54,8
25,0
34,9
449.2
48,7
52.2
19.9
35.3
439.7
45.5
115.2
37.4
54.4
604.9
74.8
111.6
36,4
52,5
591.3
73.2
100.1
35.4
50.2
531.8
64.4
38,1
38,0
37.4
81.2
81,2
78.2
23,7
30.8
26,0
23.8
31.0
25.9
22.6
30,7
24.9
58.1
94.4
75.3
58.2
93.9
75.1
58.6
88.9
74,9
67.6
11.1
278.4
123.4
137.4
65.7
10.7
281,2
120.3
133.6
66.3
10.5
243.5
116.3
119.1
3.7
148,1
36,1
24.5
16.9
3,8
150.8
36,5
25,0
17.3
3.8
145.4
34.6
23.7
16.4
14.5
349.2
90.6
67.0
49.0
14.7
347,4
90,9
66,5
48,3
14.7
338,5
90.6
67,2
48,1
25.0
335,2
144,3
101.4
83.1
24.2
328.0
139.9
97.9
80.5
23.6
310.0
130.4
99.1
77.4
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
15.5
20.5
6,9
31.4
82,3
15.6
20,6
6.9
31.5
83.6
15.1
19.2
6.7
30,5
78.3
56.0
68.9
25.4
77.6
196.1
56,6
69.I
26,0
78.4
194.4
56.0
69.7
25.5
75.7
194.1
87.4
96.7
45.4
104,1
232.1
84.8
94,2
44.3
103 .f
228.4
80.5
92.4
39.2
97.1
210.9
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
37.4
7.9
55.0
4.3
37.9
7.9
55.8
4.2
36.2
7.6
53.1
4.0
97.2
97.3
96.6
142.0
20.0
138,9
20,3
137.2
19.7
236.4
121.9
64.7
149.0
28.7
229.5
118.4
62.4
145.3
27.9
223.5
118.9
63.7
140.1
27.9
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
16.8
1.2
4.6
59.6
4.0
17.1
1.2
4.6
60,8
4.0
16.3
1.3
4.5
58.7
4.8
38.9
14.3
20.0
171.0
22.4
38.8
14.4
22.3
172.2
22.7
39.1
12.9
20,1
169.9
23.2
63.4
12.1
20.4
186.6
37.3
61.7
11.9
20.0
182.3
36.3
58.2
11.3
19.7
175.3
33.9
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio.
Oklahoma
391.3
23.1
4.1
353.8
23,0
4,1
387.7
22.0
4.1
84.6
12.9
Y86.5
85.3
12.8
759.8
84.7
13.8
18.1
18.4
17.8
51.8
50.7
51.4
701.5
109.9
30.1
320.8
108.0
689.5
106,3
29.2
312.5
104.6
656.4
104.8
29.4
294.2
94.4
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
15.5
121.o
10.7
8,8
4.2
15.6
Ml, 7
10.7
8.6
4,2
15,3
116,8
10.6
8.7
3.9
49.5
362.2
23.0
34.2
15,7
50.4
362.7
23.4
34.8
15.7
48,7
357.9
24.6
96.1
14.8
66.9
380.8
33.5
69.7
36,0
65.1
372.1
32.8
67.6
35.1
64.8
345.8
31.0
61.5
34.6
Tennessee
Texae
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
24.0
78.7
6.3
2.8
28,0
24,7
79.5
6.4
28.6
23.3
74.7
6.3
2.9
25.7
77.2
237.4
21.4
11.7
78.1
77.5
238.6
21.7
12.1
78,1
77.2
237.2
20.8
11,2
76,1
114.1
306,3
55.9
15.4
157.5
111.2
297.3
54.8
15.0
153.9
107.5
276.4
47.2
15.0
138.2
Washington
rfest Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
27.0
9.7
33.1
2.0
27.1
9.8
33.5
2.0
27,1
9.7
31.5
2.0
84,3
41,8
100.7
11,6
83.8
41.6
97.1
12,4
80.5
40.2
101.5
11,3
146.3
57.8
130.5
15.8
143.5
55.4
127.0
15.3
133.4
57.6
124.7
14.7
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Dlst« of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
l'%
See footnotes at end of table and explanatory notes, sections (I and H»
A:16
TABLE 7: Employees in Nonagrleultural Establishments by Industry Division,
by State
See explanatory notes, sections 0 and H,
1/ Revised series; not strictly comparable with previously published data.
2/ Government estimates and affected totals revised; not strictly comparable
with previously published data,
5/ Mining combined with construction,
4/ Mining combined with service,
N.A. - Not available*
At17
TABLE 8t Employees In Nonagrleultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas
(In thousands)
Humber of Employees
Number of' Employees
AREA
AREA
ALABAMA
Birmingham
Mining
Manufacturing
16,4
59.3
16.3
56.7
ARIZONA
Pheenlx
Mining
Manufacturing
Trans, & Pub, Util, 1/
Trade
Finance
Service
.2
12.2
7.9
23.7
3.9
11.2
.2
11
•§
7.8
23.2
3.8
10.9
Tucson
Mining
Manufacturing
Trans, * Pub, Utils 1/
Trade
Finance
Service
1.7
2.2
2.6
8.3
1.3
9.6
1.7
2.1
2.8
8.2
1.2
9.3
ARKANSAS
Little RockN. Little Rock
Total
Contract Const,
Kanufacturing
Trans, & Pub, Util,
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
65.7
6.9
12.2
6.5
17.5
3.5
8.4
10.9
64.4
6.5
11.9
6.5
17.2
3.5
8.2
10.7
CALIFORNIA
Lee Angeles
Kanufacturing
490.7
491.2
Sacramento
Manufacturing
12.6
13.5
San Diefto
Manufacturing
39.1
39.7
San Francisco-Oakland
Kanufacturing
San Jose
Manufacturing
COLORADO
Denver
Mining
Contraet Const,
Manufacturing
Trans. & Pub, Util,
Trade
Finance
190.3
191.1
41.9
40.3
N.A,
N.A,
N.A.
N.A,
N.A.
N.A.
1,0
20.0
43.8
26.0
57.9
10.7
18.5
58.0
.2
8.3
7.6
22.1
3.6
9.7
CONNECTICUT
Hartford
Total
Contract Censt, 2/
Manufacturing
Trans, * Pub, Util.
Trade
Flnanee
Service
Government
New Haven
Total
Contract Const, 2/
Manufacturing
Trans, * Pub, Vtll,
l*Z
Trade
leS
2.6 1 Flnanee
Servlee
7.9
l.o
O&vemment
6.1
Stamford
Total '
Contract Const, 2/
Manufacturing
Trans. * Pub, Util,
6.8
Trade
Finance
11.5
6.8
Servlee
Government
17.8
3.5
8.4 ;
i Waterbury
Total
10,5
Contraet Censt. %/
Manufacturing
Trans. * Pub, Util.
Trade
443.1
Flnanee
Servlee
11.2
Government
27.9
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Washington
Contraet Censt.
Manufacturing
182,8
' Trans. & Pub. Util,
, Trade
1 Flnanee
33.2 |
Servlee 2/
Government
1.0
18.5
40.3
25.4
57.2
10.2
FLORIDA
Jacksonville
Manufacturing
Trans, 6 Pub. Util,
Trade.
Finance
Aug.
Sept.
191.1
9.4
78.4
I*5
36.4
23.8
19.6
16.3
187.8
9.6
76.0
7.3
35.4
23.9
19.5
16.2
175.4
9.7
65.1
7.0
35.6
23.3
19.®
15.7
116,1
6,0
44,9
13,1
21.6
5.0
17.9
7.5
115.7
6.1
45.5
13.1
21,0
5.0
17.8
7.3
113.9
6,2
43,5
13.7
21.2
4.9
17.2
7.2
47.3
3.7
22,0
f’5
8.3
1.4
6.0
3,4
47.3
3.7
22.1
2.5
8.2
1.4
6.1
3.3
45.0
3.4
20.4
2.5
8,0
1.3
5,9
3.5
67.7
2.4
43.9
2.6
8.8
1.1
4,3
4,6
67.4
2.4
44.0
2.6
8.5
1.1
4.2
4.6
65,0
2,3
42,4
2.6
8,5
1.0
4.0
4.1
<18.5
41,9
25.7
42.3
116.6
30.8
lb 1
288.1
620,7
43.1
26.0
41,8
114.6
30.9
73.4
290,5
575.4
43.1
22.2
40.0
113.9
29,3
73.7
253.2
N.A.
N.A,
N.A.
N .A,
17.8
14.0
30.6
5.8
15.5
14.0
30.2
5.9
See footnotes at end of table and explanatory notes, sections 6, H, and I.
1252.
Sept.
A:l8
TABLE 8: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas
(In thousands)
AREA
FLORIDA-Contlnued
Jacksonville^Centlnued
Service 2/
Government
Miami
Manufacturing
Trans, k Pub, Util,
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
of Employees
1950
1951____
Sept, j Aug, Sept,
N,A,
N,A,
11.8
14.4
11.4
13.0
N,A,
N,A,
N,A.
13.2
22.3
52.7
8,8
27.7
16.6
13.8
20,0
47.6
8.6
24.5
16.5
101.1
9.7
19.4
9.5
32.4
5.0
12.9
12.2
N ,A ,
N,A,
N,A,
Tampa-St, Petersburg
Total
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans, k Pub, Util,
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
N.A,
N,A*
N,A,
N.A.
101.3
9.2
19.1
9.6
32.4
5.1
15.5
12.7
GEORGIA
Atlanta
Total
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans, k Pub, Util,
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
266,8
16,3
67.2
30.6
74.0
15.7
31.8
31.2
266,4
17.7
65.6
30.8
73.8
15.7
31.5
31.3
261.6
18.4
62.3
29.7
74.1
15.6
32.3
29.2
Savannah
Total
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans, k Fubf Util,
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
41.7
3.5
13.1
6.5
8.3
1.2
4.4
4.7
41.6
3.2
13.1
6.5
8.4
1.2
4.5
4.7
40.7
2.5
13.0
6.8
8.6
1.2
4.2
4.4
ILLINOIS
Davenport-Rock IslandMoline
Manufacturing
N,A,
N,Ae
N.A,
NeA,
N.A.
46.4
32,7
Peoria
Manufacturing
26.5
25.9
45.8
Rockford
Manufacturing
39.8
40,0
38.6
60.7
29.6
31.0
60.7
29.9
30.8
61.4
29.3
32.2
INDIANA
Evansville
Total
Manufacturing
Nonmanufacturing
AREA
Fort Wayne
Total
Manufacturing
Nonmanufacturing
Number of Employees
1950
1951
Sept. 1 Au k . Sept.
80.9
42.8
38.1
81.2
43.5
37,7
73.6
35.5
38.0
27V.5
1*.5
113.0
<5.6
60.9
14.1
46.4
275.2
15.9
112.8
25.9
60.3
14.3
46.1
258.9
14.6
101.3
24,9
59.5
13.4
45.2
IOWA
Des Moines
Manufacturing
20.8
21.0
17.6
KANSAS
Topeka
Total
Mining
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans, k Pub, Util,
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A,
N.A,
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
41.5
.1
2.5
5.1
8,2
8.9
2.1
4.4
10.4
38.4
.1
1.8
6.1
7.0
8.5
2.0
4.3
8,7
Wichita
Total
Mining
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans, k Pub, Util,
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
106.9
1.2
6.4
48.1
7.0
23.8
3.7
9.2
7.5
104.5
1.3
5.9
46.5
7.1
23.7
3.8
9.3
7.2
83.7
1.3
5.1
28.3
6.9
22.6
3.7
8.8
7.1
51.3
49.8
51.8
48.3
2.9
13.3
5.4
12.9
2.5
7.-9
3.4
48.6
2.8
13.3
5.5
13.1
2.5
8.0
3.4
48.0
2.5
13.1
5.7
13.2
2.4
7.8
3.3
528.5
.5
526.1
.6
499.8
.5
Indianapolis
Total
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans, k Pub* Util,
Trade
Finance
Other Nonmfg, Jj/
LOUISIANA
New Orleans
Manufacturing
MAINE
Portland
' Total ’
| Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans, k Pub, Util,
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
: Government
1
1
1MARYLAND
i Baltimore
1 total
j Mining
See footnotes at end ef table and explanatory notes, sections 0, H, and I.
TABLE 8: Employees In Nonagricultural £stafell*ha*nts hj Industry JJlirlslw, Selected Areas
(In thousands)
AREA
Number
ovees _
_
1951---T
mo
Sept. | -Auk. 1 Sept,
tfARYLAND-Continued
Baltimore-Continued
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans* & Pub, Util*
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
37.9
196.0
54.2
103.8
24.5
55.3
56.3
39.0
195.9
54.9
100.4
24.6
54.9
55.8
36,6
176.1
53.3
103.1
23.5
52.8
53.9
MASSACHUSETTS
Boston
Manufacturing
305,9
306.2
286.0
Fall River
Manufacturing
29,7
29.4
30.4
New Bedford
Manufacturing
AREA
MISSISSIPPI
Jackson
Manufacturing
MISSOURI
Kansas City
Total
Mining
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans, <6 Pub, Util,
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
St, Louis
Manufacturing
34.1
34.7
76.6
76.6
77.2
Worcester
Manufacturing
55.2
55.2
52.7
MONTANA
Great Falls
Manufacturing
Trans, & Pub, Util,
Trade
Service 5/
43.0
2.6
11.7
7.2
10.7
1.4
5.1
4.2
NEBRASKA
Omaha
Total
1 Contract Constf
1 Manufacturing
] Trans, & Pub, ptil.
1 Trade
1
Finance
Service 2/
Government
41.5
2.3
10.2
7.5
10.6
1.4
5.4
4.2
41.2
2.2
10.2
7.5
10.5
1.4
5.3
4.1
Minneapolis
Total
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans, & Pub, Util,
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
260.5
16.6
71.8
26.5
75.9
17.2
28.6
24.0
259.6
16.6
72.0
26.8
75.0
17.3
28.6
23.3
St, Paul
Total
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans., k Pub, Util,
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
144.7
7.8
41.7
20.9
34.8
8.6
14.6
16.2
144.4
7.8
41.9
20.9
34.3
8.8
14.5
16.1
7.9
7.6
8.3
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
330.2
.9
17.7
94.8
41.3
94.6
19.0
41.2
20.8
N.A.
208.1
206,8
2.7
2.6
5.8
3,3
2.7
2.5
5.9
3.2
3.1
2.5
5.9
3.3
141.4
6.9
31.9
23.5
37.4
10.4
17.3
14.1
141.5
7.1
31.8
23.6
37.1
10.6
17.2
14.1
137.8
7.3
30.0
22.8
37.6
10.2
17.1
13.0
N.A.
1.8
1.7
3.1
6.0
.9
5.4
2.5
1.6
3.0
5.6
.9
5.4
40.7
1.8
20.7
2.3
7.4
1.7
4.2
2.6
40.7
1.7
21.0
2.2
N.A.
35.0
Springfield-Hcl.voke
Manufacturing
MINNESOTA
Duluth
Total
Contract Const*
Manufacturing
Trans. & Fub, Util,
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
Number of Employees
1
---1L Sept. 1 auk . Sept.
NEVADA
Ren*
257.4
Contract Const,
16.4
Manufacturing 2/
70.8
Trans, 3c Pub, Util,
25.6
Trade
77.0
Finance
16.4
28.6 ! Service
22.3
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Manchester
Total
145.5
Contract Const,
8.5
Manufacturing
43.3
Trans, & Pub, Util,
20.1
35.4 I Trade
Finance
8.5
Service
14.0
Government
15.8
N .A .
N .A .
N .A .
N.A.
N .A .
40.2
1.8
20.1
2.3
7.5
1.7
4.2
2.6
jL
See footnotes at end of table and explanatory notes, sections G, H, and I,
1.6
4.1
2.5
A: 20
TABLE 8: Employees in Nenagrlcultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas
(In thousands)
AREA
NEW JERSEY
Newark-Jersey City*6/
Manufacturing
Number of Employees
1951
Sept
Sept.
iX-AH-*-
10.6
22.3
10.8
22.9
4.5
10.6
21.9
10,8
22.6
4.6
8.6
22.7
10.1
22.0
4,3
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City
Total
Mining
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans. & Pub. Util.
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
128.2
5.7
8.9
15.0
11.5
34.0
6.8
13.333.2
126.6
5.7
9.3
14.4
11.4
33.6
6.8
13.1
32.6
119.9
5.8
10.1
13.5
10.7
35.1
6.6
13.1
24.8
Tulsa
Total
Mlning
Contract Const*
Manufacturing
Trans. & Pub. Util'.
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
91.3
9.4
5.8
21.2
10.7
24,4
4.4
9.8
5.7
91.1
9.6
5.7
21.0
10.9
24.1
9.6
5.7
88.8
9.1
7.1
17.9
11.0
24.0
4.6
9.7
5.5
16.2
OREGON
Portland 3/
Manufacturing
64.5
63.2
64.7
*9.9
PENNSYLVANIA
Philadelphia
Manufacturing
583.2
574.0
578.1
Pittsburgh
Mjning
Manufacturing
Trans, & Pub. Util.
Finance
32.1
374.5
75.9
27.5
32.4
376.3
76.2
28.3
34.2
351.6
75.4
26.5
RHODE ISLAND
Providence
Total
Contract Const.
Manufacturing
Trans. & PUb. Util,
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
*81.8
14.8
142.7
13.7
48.9
10.7
21.3
29.7
281.1
14,4
142.6
13.8
48.9
10.8
21.6
29.0
294.4
14.4
157.4
14.3
48.6
10.5
22.5
26.7
8.6
8.4
8.6
362.1
358.9
Paterson 6/
Manufacturing
162.1
163.1
157.2
Perth Amtoy 6/
Manufacturing
76.3
76.1
77.3
Trenton
tenufaeturlng
43.6
43.0
42.8
5*7
6.9
4.8
12.0
2.2
6.4
5.8
6.9
4.8
11.8
2.2
6.4
7.1
5.4
4.8
11.9
2.6
6.4
UE'J MEXICO
NF.W YORK
Albany-Schencctady-Troy
Kanufacturing
Binghamton
Kanufacturing
Buffalo
Manufacturing
Elmira
Manufacturing
Nassau and
Suffolk Countles 6/
Manufacturing
68.9
87,9
79.0
39.6
39.4
36.8
203,9
202,0
17.4
17.2
70.5
<9.5
191-1
New York-Northeastern
New Jersey 6/ .
Kanufacturing
1757.4 1750.2 1750.6
New York City 6/
Contract Const.
Manufacturing
Trade
129.3
117.2 119.0
1029.5 1022.9 1050.0
832.6
817.7 631.9
Pochester
Manufacturing
106.8
108.8
104.7
Syracuse
Manufacturing
59.7
58.3
46.8
Itica-Rome
Isanui'acturing
45.4
45.8
46.2
Westchester County 6/
Kanufacturing
46.0
46,1
Number of Employees
1350
1951
Sept. 1 Aug. I SeptT
NORTH CAROLINA
Charlotte
Contract Const.
Manufacturing
Trans. & Pub. Util.
Trade
Finance
362.6
Albuquerque
Contract Const.
Manufacturing
Trans, k Pub. Util.
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
AREA
47.4
SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston
Manufacturing
See footnotes at end of table and explanatory notes, sections 6, H, and I,
As21
TABLE 8: Employees in Nenagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas
(In thousands)
AREA
1 Number of Employees
1951
1950
Sept. i Aug, Sept.
SOUTH CAROLINA-Continued
Charleston-fContinued
Trans. & Pub, Util.
Lake City-Con.
I Salt
Finance
5.1
5.6
7.8
7.7
7.6
Greenvilie
Manufacturing
2ff.l
28.4
27.0
WASHINGTON
Seattle 3/
Total
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans. & Pub, Util,
Trade
Finance
Service 2j
Government
5.3
5.0
TENNESSEE
Chattanooga
fcining
Manufacturing
Trans, & Pub. Util,
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
.2
41.4
4.9
17.4
2.9
9.6
7.8
.2
-41*9
4,9
16.8
2.9
9.6
7.8
.2
42.2
4.8
16.4
2.8
9.4
7.8
Knoxville
Mining
Manufacturing
Trans. & Pub, Util.
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
41,7
7.0
21.2
3.6
9.4
12.9
42.2
7.0
20.9
3.7
9.5
12.9
Memphis
Mining
Manufacturing
Trans. fc Pub, Util.
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
.4
42.4
15.3
47.9
7.7
22.5
20.3
.4
42.0
15.4
46.8
7.7
22.5
19.8
Nashville
Manufacturing
Trans. & Pub, Util.
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
34.3
11.7
23.7
6.2
14.2
13.1
33.8
11.4
23.5
6.4
14.1
13.1
38.8
7.4
21.4 j Tacoma 3/
3.7 I Total w
9.0 j Contract Const.
Manufacturing
12.1
Trans, & Pub. Util*
Trade
.3 ! Finance
38.2 ! Service 2/
15.2 I Government
46.7 i
7.0 !WEST VIRGINIA
22.7 : Charleston
Total
15.6
I Mining
Contract Const.
34.4 ! Manufacturing
Trans, & Pub, Util.
11,2
Trade
24,4
6.0 | Finance
Service
14.2
13.0 j Government
5.8
8.4
15.0
7.3
28.3
iWISCONSIN
Milwaukee
Manufacturing
5.7
8.8
14.5
Racine
7.1
Manufacturing
28.0
UTAH
Salt Lake City
Mining
Contract Const.
Manufacturing
Trans. & Pub, Util. 1/
Tradti
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
2.7
N.A.
5.0
4.7
5.5
6.1
5.3
VERMONT
Burlington
Manufacturing
5.2
2,6
Number of Employees
1951
Sept. 1 Auk. Sent.
3.9
Columbia
Manufacturing
SOUTH DAKOTA
Sioux Falls
Manufacturing
AREA
2.6
Spokane 2Z
Total
Contract Const,
Manufacturing
Trans. & Pub, Util.
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
271.7
272.1
260.5
14.2
14.1
15.9
72.8
73.2
65.3
28.9
28.6
30.2
68.2
67.9
66.5
14.8
14,9
14.6
34.635.0
33.3
38.2
38.4
34.7
68.1
4,4
14.2
11.1
18.2
2.9
9.6
7.7
67,7
4,1
14.2
11,1
18.3
2.9
9.5
7.7
67.4
4.4
13.7
11.2
18.'•
3.1
9.7
7.0
73.2
4,4
18.3
6.4
15.5
2.5
7.7
18.4
74.5
4.6
19.6
6.4
15.2
2.4
7.9
18.4
75,0
5.6
20.6
7.0
15.0
2.6
7.2
17.0
98.0
21*
3,ti
28.8
9.2
16.8
2.8
6.9
8.8
98.4
21.3
3.9
28.9
9.2
16.7
2.8
7.0
8.6
97.0
21.3
5.9
26.1
9.1
16.9
2.7
7.0
8.2
195.8
197.2
185.9
24.6
24,6
23.7
See footnotes at end of table and explanatory notes, sections G, H, and I,
A:22
TABLE 8:
Employees In Nonagr1cultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas
See explanatory notes, sections 0, H, and I,
}J
Excludes interstate railroads•
2/ Includes mining,
5/ Revised series; not strictly comparable witn previously published data,
4/ Includes mining, service, and government,
S/ Includes mining and finance,
6/ The New York-Northeastern New Jersey Standard Metropolitan Area is comprised
of the following subdivisions:
New Jersey:
Navarji-jersey City
fatenMn
Perth Ariboy
New York:
Nassau and Suffolk Counties
New York City
Rockland County
Westchester County
N#A♦ • Not available.
A:23
TaBLK 9: Production Workers in Selected tfanufaoturing Industries
(In thoueatfrtte)
Industry
l
.
September
August
FOOD AMD KIUBRED PRODUCTS:
Heat packing, wholesale
Prepared meats
Coneentx'ated milk
Ice cream and ices
Flour and meal
Cane-sugar refining
Beet sugar
Confectionery products
Halt liquors
Distilled liquors, except brandy
1*3.4
33.4
13.0
20.9
28.7
12.5
7.9
64.1
66.6
£0.2
162.1
TEXTILE-HILL PRODUCTS:
Yarn mills, wool (except carpet), cotton
and silk systems
Cotton and rayon broad-woven fabrics
.ioolen and worsted fabrics
Pull-fashioned hosiery mills
Seamless hosiery mills
Knit underwear mills
Wool carpets, rugs, and carpet yarn
Pur-felt hats and hat bodies
IOC.7
3<:8.7
68.6
58.3
48.7
32.2
26.9
7.5
107.4
403.3
APPAREL AKD OTHHR FIHI3HED TEXTILE KtODUCTSi
Ken*a drees shirts and nightwear
VJork shirts
35.5
13.7
25.0
28.2
13.8
6.2
58.8
'i9<7
19.•}
J u ly
165.>
54.-;
14.0
25.5
27 .>•
14.2
6.2
52.8
69.6
19.2
S3.4
107.2
409.7
97.7
59.7
49.9
>2.9
28.3
6.5
49.4
33.5
29.5
8.3
78.8
11.8
78.5
12.6
76.0
12.3
FURNITURE AKD FIXTURES*
Wood household furniture, except upholstered
Mattresses and bedsprings
59.7
27.4
97.9
27.I
26.6
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS*
Plastics materials
Synthetic rubber
Synthetic fibers
Soap and glycerin
22.7
7.7
56.1
18.8
22.9
18.8
22.9
7.6
56.5
18.4
41.7
43.5
43.6
33.9
28.8
8.9
32.1
29.7
29.6
8.f.
9.0
STONE, CLAY, AKD GLASS PRODUCTS;
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, not elsewhere
classified
Brick and hollow tile
Sewer pipe
See explanatory notes, section A.
7.7
56.6
59.2
^9.6
29.5
At 24
.'ABLS 9t Production ',/orkers in Selected Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
Industry
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRY:
Gray«iron foundries
Malleable-iron foundries
Steel foundries
Primary copper, lead, and zinc
Primary aluminum
Iron and steel forgings
Wire drawing
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE,
MACHirmitY, and transportation ecuipk;;n t }*
Cutlery and edge tools
Hand tools, not elsewhere classified, files,
hand sawn, and saw blaies
Hardware, not elsewhere classified
Ketal plumbing fixtures and fittings
Oil burners, heating and cooking apparatus,
not elsewhere classified
Structural and ornamental products
Boiler shop products
Ketal stampings
MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL):
Tractors
Farm machinery, except tractors
Machine tools
Metalworking machinery, not elsewhere
classified
Cutting tools. Jigs, fixtures, etc.
Computing and related machines
Typewriters
Refrigeration machinery
Ball and roller bearings
Machine shops
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY:
Radios and related products
Telephone and telegraph equipment and
communlcation equipment, not elsewhere
classified
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT*
Locomotives and parts
Railroad and streetcars
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES:
Silverware and plated ware
See explanatory notes. seetlon A.
September
11
'
i
1951_..
August
July
1
!
155.6
28,1
65.4
24.6
10.2
35.6
43.7
156.3
26.2
64.7
25.0
10.4
34.7
44.3
i
|
|
i
j
|
155.8
27.6
63.2
2>.4
10.2
34.5
42.6
23.0
23.4
|
22.4
37.7
6u,6
28.3
37.8
68.3
29«5
;
!
|
37.0
(6.3
30.3
74.4
64.4
53.4
102.4
;
|
73.4
64.2
59.4
102.6
1
I
50.7
!*•'}
73.3
64.1
57.0
10? .4
!
■
51.7
74.8
<2.3
7‘
,.7
60.1
43.1
91.2
41.9
21.1
86.2
4Y.6
46.9
42.2
91.4
41.7
21./
90.3
45.9
4».5
54.6
43.7
92.5
42.1
2*.3
85.4
49.8
47.3
i
:
5
32.0
35.1
14.9
138.4
142.7
152.1
41.3
j
I
1
1
42.0
i
41.5
16.7
34.0
31.3
33.8
...
15*5-
.
EXPLANATORY DOTES
election A. Scope of the BIS Employment Series - The Bureau
of Labor Statistics publishes each month the number of employees in all
nonagricultural establishments and in the 8 major industry divisions:
mining, contract construction, manufacturing, transportation and public•
utilities, trade, finance, service, and government.. Both all-employee
and production-worker employment series are also presented for 21 major
manufacturing groups, over 100 separate manufacturing industries, and
the durable and nondurable goods subdivisions. Within nonmanufacturing,
total employment information is published for over 50 series. Pro
duction worker employment is also presented for most of the industry
components of the mining division.
Table 9 shows production-worker data for 60 new industries.
These series are based on the levels of employment indicated by the 19^7
Census of Manufactures and have been carried forward by use of the
employment changes reported by the BIS monthly sample of cooperating
establishments. These series are not comparable with the data shown
in table 3 since the latter are adjusted to bench-mark levels indi
cated by social insurance agency data through 1947.
Hours and earnings information for manufacturing and selected
nomanufacturing industries are published monthly in the Hours and
Earnings Industry Report and in the Monthly Labor Review.
Section B. Definition of Employment - For privately operated
establishments in the nonagH culturaluiniustries the BIS employment
information covers all full- and part-time employees who were on the
pay roll, i.e., who worked during, or received pay for, the pay period
ending nearest the 15th of the month
For Federal establishments the
employment period relates to the pay period ending prior to the first
of the month; in State and local governments, during the pay period
ending on or just before the last of the month. Proprietors, selfemployed persons, domestic servants, unpaid family workers, and members
of the armed forces are excluded from the employment information.
Section C. Comparability With Other Employment Data - The
Bureau of Labor Statistics employment series differ from the Monthly
Report on the Labor Force in the following respects: (l) The BIS series
are based on reports from cooperating establishments, while the MRLF is
based-on employment information obtained from household interviews;
(2 ) persons who worked in more than one establishment during the re
porting period would be counted more than once in the BLS series, but
not in the MRLF; (?) the BLS information covers all full- and parttime wage and salary workers In private nonagricultural establishments
who worked during, or received pay for, the pay period ending nearest
the 15th of the month; in Federal establishments during the pay period
ending just before the first of the month; and In State and local govern
ment during the pay period ending on or just before the last of the month,
while the MRLF series relates to the calendar week which contains the 8th
day of the month; (4) proprietors, self-employed, domestic servants, and
unpaid family workers are excluded from the BLS but not the MRLF series.
i
Section D. Methodology - Changes in the level of employment
are based on reports from a sample group of establishments, inasmuch
as full coverage is" prohibitively costly and time-consuming. In asing
a sample, it is essential that a complete count or "bench mark" bo
established from which the series m y be carried forward. Briefly,
the BIS computes employment data as follows: first; a bonch mark or
level of employment is determined; second, a sample of establishments
is selected; and third, changes in employment indicated by this
reporting sample are applied to the bench mark to determine the
monthly employment between bench-mark periods. An illustration of the
estimation procedure used in those industries for which both all
employee and production-worker employment information is published
follows: The latest production-worker employment bench mark for a
given industry was 50,000 in January, According to the BIS reporting
sample, 60 establishments in that industry employed 25,000 workers in
January and 26,000 in February, an increase of 4 percent. The February
figure of 52,000 would be derived by applying the change for identical
establishments reported in the January-February sample to the bench
mark:
50,000 x 26,000 (or 1.04) « 52,000
257005
The estimated all-employee level of 65,000 for February is then
determined by using that month's sample ratio (.800 ) of production
workers to total employment
52 000 (or multipli**
*3
1 .2 5 ) = 65 ,000 .
TBoo
When a new bench mark becomes available, employment data
prepared since the last bench mark are reviewed to determine if any
adjustment of level is required. In general, the month-to-month changes
in employment reflect the fluctuations shown by establishments reporting
to the BIS, while the level of employment is determined by the bench
mark.
The pay-roll index is obtained by dividing the total weekly
pay roll for a given month by the average weekly pay roll in 1939*
Aggregate weekly pay rolls for all manufacturing industries combined
are derived by multiplying gross average weekly earnings by productionworker employment.
Section E. Sources of Sample Data - Approximately 1^5,000
cooperating establishments furnish monthly employment and pay-roll
schedules, by stall, to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In addition,
the Bureau makes use of data collected by the Interstate Commerce
Commission, the Civil Service Commission, and the Bureau of the Census.
- ii -
APPROXIMATE COVERAGE OP MONTHLY SAMPLE USED I&
BLS EMPLOYMENT AND PAY-ROLL STATISTICS
:
Employees
:Number in:Percent
: Number of
: establishments : sample :of total
Division or industry
Mining
Contract construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities:
Interstate railroads (ICC)
Rest of division (BLS)
Trade
Finance
Service:
Hotels
Laundries and cleaning and dyeing
plants
Government:
Federal (Civil Service Commission)
State and local (Bureau of Census quarterly)
3,000
19 300
39,000
467,000
539,000
9,092;COO
50
26
64
-12,500
58,100
7,900
1 ,329 ,COO
1 ,309,000
1 ,676,000
367,000
98
51
18
20
1,300
144,000
35
1,800
97,COO
20
m•»
1,939,000
ICO
--
2 ,450,COO
62
Section P. Sources of Bench-Mark Data - Reports from Unemploy
ment Insurance Agencies presenting (1) employment in firms liable for
contributions to State unemployment compensation funds, and (2) tabulations
from the Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance on employment in firms
exempt from State unemployment insurance laws because of their small size
comprise the basic sources of bench-mark data for nonfara employment. Most
of the employment data in this report have been adjusted to levels indicated
by these sources for 1947 . Special bench marks arc used for industries not
covered by the Social Security program. Bench marks for State and local
government are based on data compiled by the Bureau of the Census, while
information on Federal Government employment is made available by the U. S.
Civil Service Commission. The Interstate Commerce Cacanission is the
source for railroads.
Bench marks for production-worker employment are not available
on a regular basis. The production-worker series are, therefore, derived b”
applying to all-employee bench marks the ratio of production-worker employ
ment to total employment, as determined from the Bureau's industry samples.
Section G. Industrial Classification - In the BLS employment
and hours and earnings series, reporting establishments are classified into
significant economic groups on the basis of major postwar product or
activity as determined from, annual sales data. The following references
present the industry classification structure currently used in the
employment statistics program.
- iii -
(1)
For Manufacturing industries - Standard Industrial
Classification Manual, Vol. I. Manufacturing
Industries, Bureau of the Budget, November 1945;
(2)
For nonmanufacturing industries - Industrial
Classification Code, Federal Security Agency
Social Security itoard, 1942.
Section H. State Bnployment - State data are collected and
prepared in cooperation with various State Agencies as indicated below.
The series have been adjusted to recent data made available by State
Unemployment Insurance Agencies and the Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors
Insurance. Since some States have adjusted to more recent bench-marks
than others, and because varying methods of computation are used,
the total of the State series differs from the national total. A number
of States also make available more detailed industry data and information
for earlier periods which may be secured directly upon request to the
appropriate State agency.
The following publications are available upon request from the
BIS Regional Offices or the Bureau's Washington Office:
Nonagricultural Employment, by State, 1947-48-49;
Nonagricultural Employment, by State, 1$50;
Employment in Manufacturing Industries, by State,
1947-48-49;
Area Employment, 1950.
COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES
Alabama - Department of Industrial Relations, Montgomery 5 .
Arizona « Unemployment Compensation Division, Employment Security
Commission, Phoenix.
Arkansas - Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, Little Rock.
California - Division of Labor Statistics and Research, Department of
Industrial Relations, San Francisco 1.
Colorado - Department of Employment Security, Denver 2,
Connecticut - Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, Hartford 5.
Delaware - Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Philadelphia 1, I~,
District of Columbia - U. S. Employment Service for D. C., Washington 25 .
Florida - Unemployment Compensation Division, Industrial Commission,
Tallahassee.
Georgia - Employment Security Agency, Department of Labor, Atlanta 3*
Idaho - Employment Security Agency, Boise.
Illinois - Division of Placement and Unemployment Compensation, Department
of Labor, Chicago 54.
Indiana - Employment Security Division, Indianapolis 9Iowa - Employment Security Commission, Des Moines 8.
Kansas - Employment Security Division, State Labor Department, Topeka.
- iv -
i«.cnfcvcA„ - Jvrouu of Employment Security, Department of Economic
Security, Frankfort
Louisiana - Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor,
Baton Rouge 4.
Maine - Employment Security Commission, Augusta.
Maryland - Department of Employment Security, Baltimore 1.
Massachusetts - Division of Statistics, Department of Labor and
Industries, Boston 10.
Michigan - Employment Security Commission, Detroit 2.
Minnesota - Division of Employment and Security, St. Paul 1.
Mississippi - Employment Security Commission, Jackson.
Missouri - Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor and
Industrial Relations, Jefferson City.
Montana - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Helena.
Nebraska - Division of Employment (Security, Department of Labor, Lincoln 1,
Nevada - Employment Security Department, Carson City.
New Hampshire - Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor.
Concord.
New Jersey - Department of Labor and Industry, Trenton 8 .
New Mexico • Employment Security Commission Albuquerque.
New York - Bureau of Research and Statistics, Division of Placement and
Unemployment Insurance, New Yoirk Department of Labor, 1440
Broadway, New York 18 .
North Carolina . Department of labor, Raleigh.
North Dakota - Unemployment Compensation Division. Bismarck.
Ohio - Bureau of Unemployment Compensation, Columbus 16.
Oklahoma « Employment Security Commission Oklahoma City 2,
Oregon - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Salem.
Pennsylvania - Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Philadelphia .1 (mfg.);
Bureau of Research and Information, Department of Labor
and Industry, Harrisburg (nonznfg.).
Rhode Island - Department of Labor, Providence 3South Carolina - Etaployment Security Commission, Columbia 10.
South Dakota - Employment Security Department, Aberdeen.
Tennessee- Department of Employment Security,. Nashville $.
Texas - Etaployment Commission, Austin 19 .
Utah - Department of Employment Security Industrial Commission, Salt Lake
City l?.
Vermont - Unemployment Compensation Commission. Montpelier.
Virginia - Division of Research and Statistics, pepartment of Labor and
Industry, Richmond 19 .
Washington - Employment Security Department, Olympia.
Vest Virginia - Department of Employment Security, Charleston.
Wisconsin - Industrial Commission, Madison 3*
Wyoming. - Employment Security Commission, Casper.
Section I. Area Employment - Figures on area employment are
prepared by cooperating State agencies. The methods of adjusting to bench
marks and of making computations used to prepare State employment are also
applied in preparing area information. Hence, the appropriate qualifications
should also be observed. For a number of areas, data in greater industry
detail and for earlier periods can be obtained by writing directly to the
appropriate State agency.
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GLOSSARY
All Bnployees or Wage and Salary Workers - In addition to production and related
workers as defined elsewhere, includes workers engaged in the following
activities: executive, purchasing, finance, accounting, legal, personnel
(including cafeterias, medical, etc.), professional and technical activities,
sales, sales-delivery, advertising, credit collection, and in installation
and servicing of own products, routine office functions, factory supervision
(above the working foreman level)
Also includes employees on the
establishment pay roll engaged in new construction and major additions or
alterations to the plant who are utilized as a separate work force (forceaccount construction workers).
Continental United States - Covers only the 48 States and the District of
Columbia.
Contract Construction - Covers only firms engaged in the construction
business on a contract basis for others. Force-account construction workers,
i.e., hired directly by and on the pay rolls of Federal State, and local
government, public utilities, and private establishments, are excluded from
contract construction and included in the employment for such establishments.
Defense Agencies - Covers civilian employees of the Department of Defense
(Secretary of Defense: Army, Air Force and Navy), National Advisory
Committee for Aeronautics. The Panama Canal, Selective Service System,
National Security Resources Board, National Security Council.
Durable Goods - The durable goods subdivision includes the following major
groups: ordnance and accessories; lumber and wood products (except
furniture); furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass products;
primary metal industries; fabricated metal products (except ordnance,
machinery, and transportation equipment); machinery (except electrical);
electrical machinery; transportation equipment; instruments and related
products; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries.
Federal Government - Executive Branch - Includes Government corporations
(including Federal Reserve Banks and mixed-ownership banks of the Farm
Credit Administration ) and other activities performed by Government
personnel in establishments such as navy yards, arsenals, hospitals, and
on force-account construction. Data, which are based mainly on reports
to the Civil Service Commission, are adjusted to maintain continuity of
coverage and definition with information for former periods.
Finance - Covers establishments operating in the fields of finance,
insurance, and real estate; excludes the Federal Reserve Banks and the
mixed-ownership banks of the Farm Credit Administration which are included
under Government.
- vi -
Government - Covera Federal, State and local governmental establishments
performing legislative, executive, and judicial functions, as veil as all
government-operated establishments and institutions (arsenals navy
yards, hospitals, etc.), government corporations, and government forceaccount construction. Fourth class postmasters are excluded from table 2,
because they presumably have other major jobs; they are included, however,
in table 6 . State and local government employment excludes as nominal
employees paid volunteer firemen, employees hired to conduct elections,
and elected officials of email local government*
Indexes of. Manufacturing Production-Vorker Employment - Number of production
workers expressed as a percentage of the average employment in 1939 •
Indexes of Manufacturing Production-Worker Weekly Pay Rolls - Productionworker weekly pay rolls expressed'as a percentage of the average weekly
pay roll for 1939 .
Manufacturing - Covers only privately-operated establishments; governmental
manufacturing operations such as arsenals and navy yards are excluded from
manufacturing and included with government.
Mining - Covers establishments engaged in the extraction from the earth of
organic and inorganic minerals which occur in nature as solidd, liquids,
or gases; includes various contract services required in mining operations;
such as removal of over-burden, tunnelling and shafting, and the drilling
or acidizing of oil wells; also includes ore dressing, beneficiating, and
concentration.
Nondurable Goods - The nondurable goods subdivision includes the following
iaajor croups: food and kindred producth ; tobacco manufactures; textilemill products; apparel and other finished textile products; paper and
allied products; printing, publishing, and allied industries; chemicals and
allied products; products of petroleum and coal; rubber products; and
leather and leather products.
Pay Rolls - Private pay rolls represent weekly pay rolls of both full- and
part-time production and related workers who worked during, or received
pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month,
before deductions for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance,
withholding tax, bonds, and union dues; also, includes pay for sick leave,
holidays, and vacations taken. Excludes cash payments for vacations not
taken, retroactive pay not earned during period reported, value of payments
in kind, and bonuses, unless earned and paid regularly each pay period.
Federal civilian pay rolls aover the working days in the calendar month.
Production and Related Workers - Includes working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (including lead men and trainees) engaged in fabricating,
processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing,
warehousing, shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial, watchman services,
products development, auxiliary production for plant’s own use (e.g ,
power plant), and record-keeping and other services closely associated
with the above production operations.
- vii -
Service - Covers establishments primarily engaged in rendering services to
individuals and business fims including automobile repair services
Excludes all government-operated serviced such as hospitals, museums,
etc., and all domestic service employees.
Trade - Covers establishments engaged in wholesale tiv.de, i e , selling
merchandise to retailers, and in retail trade, i.e. selling merchandise
for personal or household consumption, and rendering services incidental
to the sales of goods
Transportation and Public UtSlltiea - Covers only privately-owned and
operated enterprises engaged £1 providing all types of transportation and
related services; telephone telegraph# and other communication services;
or providing electricity, gas, steam, water, or sanitary service.
Government operated establishments are included under government.
Washington, D. C. - Data for the executive branch of the Federal Government
also include areas in Maryland and Virginia which are within the
metropolitan area, as defined by the Bureau of the Census.
viii -
(IS 52-169*)
Labor - D. C.
@FedFRASER