Full text of Employment and Payrolls : October 1952
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EMPLOYMENT and Payrolls MONTHLY S T A T IS T IC A L R EP O R T OCTOBER 1952 Employment Trends Industry Developments Industry Statistics State and Area Statistics Payroll Data UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Maurice J. Tobin - Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague - Commissioner Publications on Employment Developments cHj&UcUUe — — p u u n /iirteau, JZa&osi 4>ta>t£4*t£c4. The Bureau of Labor Statistics program in the measure ment and analysis of employment trends includes ( 1 ) the preparation of current monthly statistics on employment, labor turnover, and hours and earnings in major industries, States and areas; ( 2 ) the interpretation of these employment trends; ( 3 ) the analysis of lo n g term trends in employment in major occupations and industries; and ( 4 ) the p r e p a r a tion of estimates of manpower requirements for the defense m obilization program and estimates of prospective labor supply. Employment statistics are prepared in c o operation with State agencies. L is te d below and continued on the (in sid e ) back cover are the major re p orts a va ila b le to the public. Distribution is free unless otherwise noted. Requests for these publications specifying exact titles, should be addressed Bur eau of Labor Statistics, U. S. Department of Labor, Washington 25, D. C. to the E M P L O Y M E N T AND P A Y R O L L S — Employment figures presented for approximately 250 i n d i v i d ual industries, for 48 States and the District of Columbia and for selected areas, in varying industry detail. On a national basis only, data on e m ployment of women in m a n u fact uring industries available quarterly. Report also contains analysis of latest m onthly employment trends and current and anticipated developments in selected industries. Press release, giving analysis of current trends in broad industry groups based on preliminary data, available approximately two weeks earlier. Both reports published mon t h l y . HOU RS AND EARNINGS — Average weekly earnings, average weekly hours, and average hourly earnings for approximately 275 industries, and for States and s e lected areas. Press release, giving analysis of current trends in broad industry groups based on preliminary data, available approximately two weeks earlier. Both reports published monthly. L A B O R T U R N O V E R — Data on hiring, quits, layoffs, and discharges shown for 121 i n d i vidual man u f a c t u r i n g and selected n o n - m a n u f a c t u r i n g industries. On a national basis only, data on women for selected industries available q u a r terly. Press release, giving analysis of current trends in broad industry groups based on preli minary data, available approximately two weeks e a r lier. Both reports published monthly. These publications prepared by DIVISION OF MANPOWER AND EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS Seymour L. Wolfbein, Chief EM PLOYM ENT and OCTOBER 1952 Payrolls MONTHLY STATISTIC AL REPORT CONTENTS PAGE EMPLOYMENT DATA AT A GLANCE................ In this issue.•••• Trends in the employment of women in manufacturing industries are described on pages 6 and 7. The analysis reveals an increased parti cipation by women in heavy industries since 1939 and a chart depicting this trend is included on page II. The latest quarterly statistics on the employ ment of women can be found in table 9> page 33. This table will be shown in future issues dated January, April, July, and October. With this issue, publi cation of government pay roll statistics formerly shown in table 6 is dis continued. The Civil Service Commission, however, will continue monthly collection of the data. H EMPLOYMENT TRENDS.......................... ... 1 Table A: Employees in Nonagrieultural Estab lishments, by Industry Division and Group.. U Table B: Employees in Manufacturing Industry Groups*................ .................... !? Women Fill More Heavy Industry Jobs......... 6 INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT REPORT Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous M e t a l s . . . . . . o . . . . 9 CURRENT EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL STATISTICS 1. Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments, by Industry Division....... ...... 2. Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments, by Industry Division and Group............. 3# All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing I n d u s t r i e s U. Indexes of Production-Worker Employment and Weekly Payrolls in Manufacturing Industries.................... . 5# Employees in the Shipbuilding and Repairing Industry, by Region...... ..... . 6, Federal Civilian Employment in All Areas and in Continental United States, and Total Government Civilian Employment in the District of Columbia................... . ?• Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments, by Industry Division, by State............. 8. Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments, by Industry Division, in Selected Areas.... 9. Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of Total Employment in Manu facturing Industries....................... 13 lij. 16 20 21 22 23 26 33 (Data for the two most recent months shown are subject to revision.) CHART Trend of Selected Measures of Average Weekly Earnings in Manufacturing..................... 8 APPENDIX Explanatory Notes......... ............ . 37 Glossary.... ................. . U3 List of Cooperating State Agencies............. hS Employment Data at a Glance Thousands of Em ployees The num ber of w om en w orkers in m anufacturing has declin ed from W orld W a r IE peaks but r e mains substantially ab o ve p re w a r levels. The proportion of w om en w orkers in d u ra b le goods industries has increased sign ificantly. 17,500 ^ A ll M anu facturing 15,000 10,000 5,000 1939 1944 1939 1952 1944 1952 1939 1944 1952 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR •UKEAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Current September 1952 1/ Year ago August 1952 September 1951 1 September 1952 change from: August 1951 Previous month Year ago EMPLOYEES IN NONAGRICULTURAL ESTABLISHMENTS (in thousands) Mining................. 47,579 16,284. 885 2,74-7 47,060 15,976 387 2,781 46,956 16,039 917 2,768 46,724 16,008 922 2,809 +519 +308 - 2 - 34 +623 +245 - 32 - 21 4 ,2 16 9,931 1,972 4,832 6,712 4,202 9,789 1,992 4,844 6,589 4,178 9,781 1,898 4,831 6,544 4,190 1,914 4,839 6,401 + 14 +142 - 20 - 12 +123 + 38 +150 + 74 + 1 +168 41.1 $1,693 $69.58 40.6 $1,670 567.80 40.6 $1,613 065.49 40.3 $1,596 $64.32 + + .5 +$ .080 +$4.09 ••• ••• ••♦ ••• *♦• 5.7 4.5 3.0 .9 .6 4.3 5.1 3.1 1.3 .7 4.5 5.3 3.1 1.4 .8 Transportation and 9,6a HOURS AND EARNINGS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES .5 • 4 .023 +$1.78 LABOR TURNOVER RATES IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES (Per 100 employees) Accessions........ ......... Separations..... . Quits..... ......... . Layoffs. .......... . ■^Latest month's figures are preliminary II ••» ••• t•• ••• ••• ••• •♦• •«• ••• ••• Employment Trends NONFARM EMPLOYMENT AT AN ALL-TIME HIGH IN SEPTEMBER An additional 520,000 workers were hired in nonfarm establishments in September, raising employment to an all-time record high for that month. Continued expansion in manu facturing, plus seasonal gains in retail trade and public schools, ac counted for the half million increase over the month. At 47.6 million, nonfarm employment was 600,000 above the level of a year earlier, with significant gains reported in manu facturing, trade, finance, and Gov ernment activities. parel, and leather products industries was slightly above the level of a year earlier, reflecting the moderate recovery which began in early summer. Employment in contract construc tion declined slightly in September, as the seasonal peak passed, but, at 2.7 million, was about equal to the all-time record for the month reached a year ago. Construction expendi tures continued at record levels, 3*1 billion dollars in September, as overvthe-year declines in private indus trial building were outweighed by ex panded Federal expenditures on mili tary, atomic energy, and defense plant facilities. (See tables A and B Employment in manufacturing es The number of employees in fi tablishments rose by 300,000 between nancial institutions dropped slightly mid-August and mid-September 1952 seasonally, but, at 2,0 million, was to 16.3 million, the highest level also at a record high for the month*— since the end of World War II. Sea up by 70,000 since September 1951. sonal gains were reported in food linployment in banking, insurance, products, textile, apparel, jewelry, real estate, and investment houses and other consumer goods industries, and most metalworking industries, in has shown a sharp upward trend over the past decade, adding over a half cluding automobile plants, continued million more employees since the end to expand their work force as steel of World War II. mills reached new production peaks. Factory employment increased by a quarter of a million over the year, with most of the expansion reported in plants producing military goods, such as ordnance, aircraft, and ships. However, employment in many consumer goods industries was also up from the levels of a year ago, when slackened consumer demand and rising inventories brought production cutbacks in most of these industries. Total employment in the textile, ap Employment in State and local government rose by 120,000 between August and September, as public schools reopened in the fall* The steady growth in the need for public highways, educational institutions, and other services provided by State and local governments has also re sulted in a long-term upward trend in employment, which, at 4-*3 million this September, was at an all-time high — up b/ 100,000 over the past year. 1 Retail stores reported the usual seasonal expansion with the beginning of fall apparel sales. The addition of 130,000 workers in September brought employment in retail trade to 7.3 million, a record peak for the season. FACTORY LAY-OFFS ONETWTRn T.ras THAN YEAR AGO The number of factory workers laid off this August — 9 out of every 1,000 employed — was about a third less than in August 1951, when most consumer goods industries were reducing their work force because of slackened consumer demand and rising inventories. Nearly all manufactur ing industry groups reported fewer lay-offs this August. Lay-off rates in the textile, apparel, and leather products industries this August were among the lowest reported for the season since the end of World War II, reflecting the improved employment situation in these industries. A favorable employment situation throughout the Nation was also indi cated by the relatively small number of individuals claiming State unem ployment insurance benefits. At less than 700,000 in mid-September, the number of claimants had dropped to a postwar low. Factory hiring, at a rate of 57 per 1,000 employees this August, was one-fourth above the rate of a year earlier, with most industry groups reporting increased hiring. Expand ing employment in the textile, appaiv el, and leather products industries was reflected in the hi^i rates of hiring in these industries, which were half again as large as a year ago. Most metalworking industries also re ported a more rapid pace in hiring 2 this August, despite the general slowing in the expansion of defenserelated industries. This occurred as many plants recalled workers on short-term lay-offs in July because of the steel stoppage. The changes in labor turnover rates between July and August pri marily reflected the rapid recovery from the steel stoppage, with lay offs declining sharply and hiring increasing in metalworking plants. However, the usual seasonal pick-up in hiring in the textile, apparel, paper, furniture, and food products industry groups also contributed to the expansion in factory hiring. The rate at which factory worksis were quitting their jobs rose sea sonally, from 22 per 1,000 employees in July to 30 in August, largely re flecting school-age workers quitting jobs at the end of summer vacation. UPTREND IN HOORLY EARNINGS LEVELS OFF Average hourly earnings of the nearly 13 million factory production workers were $1.67 an hour in August, including overtime and other premium pay, representing an increase of 7-1/2 cents, or 4-1/2 percent, over August 1951. The 1951-52 increase was only half that of the preceding year when hourly earnings rose by 14 cents, or 9 percent. Hourly earnings rose only slightly in the past half-year, up less than 1-1/2 cents, in contrast to the steady up trend since the spring of 1950, Increases in average hourly earnings in the past 2 years have resulted both from the rising pro portion of workers in higher-paid defense-related industries and from cost of living and other wage rate adjustments allowed under wage sta bilisation policy. of $2.07 in the printing and publish ing and $2.15 in the petroleum pro ducts industries in August 1952. In the past year, the upward pressure on average hourly earnings from both of these factors has di minished. Most industries producing industrial equipment have halted their employment expansion in the past year, and the growth of indus tries producing military goods has slowed considerably. Thus, the pro portion of the Nation's production workers in the high-wage durable goods industries was virtually the same in August 1952 as in August 1951. Likewise, the upward movement of con sumer prices slowed during the past year, with the 3 percent increase in consumer prices between August 1951 and August 1952 less than half that of the preceding year. Between July and August, average hourly earnings rose try about 2 cents primarily because of more overtime work. This resulted from the return to a prestrike workweek following the shorter hours in mid-July. Higher wage rates in the steel industry, how ever, also contributed to the overthe-month gain, with the primary metals industry group reporting an increase of 11.3 cents in average earnings, to *1.94- an hour. WORKWEEK RISES IH AUGUST The average factory workweek rose by seven-tenths of an hour be tween mid-July and mid-August, to 40.6 hours. Hours are usually longer Although average hourly earnings in August than in July, when the work week is shortened by the scheduling in manufacturing rose by 14 percent over the past 2 years, there were dis of vacations and inventory shut-downs parities among industry groups in the by many plants. Hours rose in all metalworking industry groups, reflect average gain because of varying de ing rapid recovery from the steel step grees of unionization and economic page, which had also tended to reduce conditions in the industries. Sub overtime in some of these plants dur stantially less-than-average gains — under 11 percent — were recorded in ing July. the apparel, printing, textile, to Greater-than-seasonal gains of bacco, and leather products groups. On the other hand, greater-than-aver- an hour or more in the workweek were also reported in the textile, apparel age gains — more than 17 percent — were reported in the electrical ma and leather products industries, con chinery, primary metals, instruments, tinuing the recovery in hours and em and petroleum products industry groups. ployment which has accompanied some improvement in soft goods markets The smaller relative gains in this summer. earnings in ^ tobacco and apparel industries have widened the substan Factory workers' weekly pay tial disparities in average hourly checks before taxes averaged $67.80 earnings existing among industry in August, up 12.04- from July, pri groups. Average hourly earnings marily because of the longer work among industries ranged from a low week. Over the past year weekly of 51.21 in the tobacco products and earnings have risen $3*48, or 5.4 $1.29 in the apparel groups to a high percent. 3 Table A: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry Division and Selected Groups (In thousands) 1952 Industry division and group Sept. August 1951 July- Sept. 1/ Net change August Sept. 1952 1951 to to Sept. Sept. 1952 1952 TOTAL...... 47,579 47,060 45,992 46,956 +519 +623 MANUFACTURING....................... 16,284 15,976 15,153 16,039 +308 +245 MINING............................... 885 887 784 917 -2 -32 91 353 95 347 74 268 104 367 -4 +6 -13 -14 107 107 106 110 0 -3 CONTRACT CONSTRUCT 1OH.............. 2,747 2,781 2,721 2,768 -34 -21 TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES.......................... 4,216 4,202 4,141 4,178 + H +38 2,927 723 566 2,892 736 574 2,840 2,925 729 572 696 +35 -13 557 -8 9,931 9,789 9,787 9,781 +H2 +150 2,646 2,637 2,623 2,594 +9 +52 7,285 1,490 1,289 7,152 1,411 7,357 1,487 1,274 +133 +79 1,290 7,164 1,418 1,294 -1 +98 +3 +15 744 751 756 754 -7 -10 547 3,215 505 3,195 518 3,178 544 3,128 +42 Other retail trade.......•...•. +20 +3 +87 FINANCE.............................. 1,972 1,992 1,991 1,898 -20 +74 SERVICE.............................. 4,832 4,844 4,397 4,331 -12 +1 GOVERNMENT......... ................. 6,712 6,589 6,558 6,544 +123 +168 2,407 4,305 2,418 4,171 2,416 2,336 4,208 +134 Nonmetallic mining and TRADE................................ Pood and liquor stores..... . Automotive and accessories Apparel and accessories If Preliminary. 4 4,142 -11 +2 +27 +9 +7 1 +97 Table B: Employees in Manufacturing Industry Groups (In thousands) 1952 Industry division and group MANUFACTURING.... DURABLE GOODS Ordnance and accessories........... Lumber and wood products (except furniture)................ Furniture and fixtures............. Stone, clay, and glass products.... Primary metal industries........... Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment)......... Machinery (except electrical)..... Electrical machinery............... Transportation equipment........... Instruments and related products... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries......................... NONDURABLE GOODS Food and kindred products.......... Tobacco manufactures............... Textile-mill products.............. Apparel and other finished textile products................... Paper and allied products.......... Printing, publishing, and allied Chemicals and allied products..... Products of petroleum and coal.... 1951 Net change August Sept. 1952 1951 to to Sept* 3ept* 1952 1952 Sept# / August July- SeDt. 1/ 16,284- 15,976 15,153 16,039 +308 +245 9,092 8,863 8,292 8,913 +229 +179 82 79 79 55 +3 +27 762 347 544 1,345 770 342 541 1,304 758 334 524 890 808 334 561 1,351 -8 +5 +3 +41 ” 46 +13 -17 -6 988 1,573 999 1,631 330 950 1,575 957 1,542 327 906 1,581 930 1,510 323 989 1,585 942 1,514 307 +38 -2 +42 +89 +3 -1 -12 +57 +117 +23 491 476 457 467 +15 +24. 7,192 7,113 6,861 7,126 +79 +66 1,707 97 1,234 1,688 93 1,216 1,619 85 1,174 1,721 96 1,231 +19 +4 +18 -H +1 +3 1,185 491 1,169 487 1,102 474 1,156 490 +16 +4 +29 +1 768 763 281 275 391 766 747 283 268 396 764 742 268 256 377 764 764 267 272 365 +2 +16 -2 +7 -5 +4 -1 +H +3 +26 1 1 Preliminary 5 Women Fill More Heavy Industry Jobs WOMEN EMPLOYMENT IN MANUFACTURING AT A.l MILLION IN JUNE The 4,1 million women workers in the Nation’s factories in June 1952 accounted for 26 percent of the total work force. The number of women in manufacturing has grown by more than 4.00,000 in the 2 years since the out break of hostilities in Korea. The proportion of women in the work force has remained substantially constant in manufacturing as a whole, but, in the ordnance and aircraft industries, where defense orders have brought rapid expansion, women have been hired at a faster rate than men. The pro portion of women in both of these in dustries is still below World War II peaks, however, at 27 percent in ord nance and 19 percent in aircraft. In June, 38 percent of the wanen in manufacturing industries were em ployed in durable goods and 62 per cent in nondurable goods plants. More than half of ■'J.l women employ ees were concentrated in four indus try groups: food, textiles, apparel, and electrical machinery. Women comprised more than a tiiird of all employees in nondurable goods industries. They accounted for more than 50 percent of the work force in the tobacco and apparel in dustries, and more than a tiiird in leather products, textiles, electri cal machinery, instruments, jewelry, toys, and miscellaneous manufactur 6 ing. By contrast, less than 8 per3ent of the workers in primary metals, lumber, and petroleum products were women. 55 PERCENT INCREASE SINCE 1939 The number of women working in manufacturing has increased by 55 percent since 1939, from 2.6 to 4.1 million. This resulted in a slight increase in the proportion of women in manufacturing, which rose from 25 to 26 percent. However, since manufacturing has expanded relative ly more than other segments of the economy, the proportion of all wo men in the labor force working in manufacturing industries increased significantly. (See chart, page IL) Most of the growth in manufac turing has taken place in plants producing durable goods, where more than 1 million women were added be tween October 1939 and June 1952, compared with slightly less than a half million in nondurable goods industries during the same period. This increase in the number of wo men in nondurable goods has only kept pace with the rise of total employment in those plants, so that the percentage of women in the total is the same this year as before World War II, In durable goods in dustries, on the other hand, women accounted for 17 percent of the to tal work force in June 1952, com pared with 11 percent in 1939, WORLD WAR II EMPLOYMENT GAIKS This increased participation of women in durable goods manufac turing has resulted to some extent from World War II experience. The most rapid expansion during the war took place in durable goods in dustries and at a time when manpower was becoming scarce. As a result, women were given jobs in industries and occupations which had hitherto been open to men only. During the postwar period, when employment has remained at high levels, many more women have remained in these rela tively hi^h-paying jobs. Another factor contributing to the increase of women workers in durable goods industries is the rapid growth of overhead or nonpro duction worker staffs. The larger percentage of women among clerical and office workers has thus also contributed to the increasing pro portion of women in durable goods industries. However, the importance of women on the production lines has increased significantly since before World War II. Women as a proportion of all production workers in plants producing durable goods increased from 9 percent in October 1939 to 13 percent in March 1947. 7 TREND OF SELECTED MEASURES OF AVERAGE WEEKLY EARNINGS IN MANUFACTURING 1939=100 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS 0 8 STATISTICS Of IA O Industry Employment Report JF * PRIMARY SMELTING AND REFINING OF NONFERROUS METALS Plants engaged in the primary smeltinr and refining of nonferrous metals make up a relatively small in dustry ii/hose importance in a mobilizsti on period is out of proportion to its size. During the last 2 years there has been a shortage of nonfer rous metals, particularly copper and aluminum. This shortage has resulted in limitations on the use of these metals in civilian products. Thus far in the defense production program, therie has been little rise in employ ment despite the great demand for the industry's products. Because of the limited supply of ore available from domestic mines and foreign sources, there has been no increase in the smelting and refi ning of copper. In the primary aluminum industiy employ ment expansion has awaited the con struction of new deduction" facili ties. Production worker employment of ii.7,500 in August 1952 in the primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals industry was less than 1; per cent higher than at the outbreak of Korean hostilities. A moderate em ployment increase is expected during the remainder of 1952 and in 1953* Nearly all the increase will come in the primary aluminum industry which i.s presently engaged in a large ex pansion program. Employment in mid-1952 was about 65 percent above the 1°39 level, but considerably below the 1"orld War II peak reached at the end of 19^4.3• The world War II demand for nonferrous metals, particularly aluminum for aircraft and other mili tary products, brought about a large expansion of production facilities. Employment rose from about 1+0,000 production workers at the end of 19l£ to a peak of about 60,000 at the end of 19U3. The number of workers then declined steadily until the end of the war.Employment continued to fall in the immediate postwar period, reaching a low point of fewer than 32,000 production workers in April 191+6 . As the Nation's industries con verted to peacetime products, demand for nonferrous metals increased sharply. The industry's employment climbed to nearly 1+7,000 production workers by the end of 19U6 and fluc tuated in a narrow range around this level during 191+7 and i9i4.fi. The gen eral decline in business conditions in 191+9 was reflected in a fallingoff in demand for nonferrous metals. The number of production workers dropped below 1+0,000 in the latter part of 1949, the lowest level since raid-1946. Employment picked up again during the first half of 1950,and had reached 1*6,000 production workers at the time of the outbreak of hostili ties in Korea in June. During the present mobilization period nonferrous metals have been in extremely short supply. In order to provide enough copper and aluminum for the production of military equip ment, the Federal Government found it necessary to limit the use of these metals in civilian products. However, the great demand for the industry's products has not resulted in a large employment expansion. The 47,500 pro duction workers in August 1952 were only 1,500 more than the June 1950 level. Some increase in employment is expected drrinf* the next 2 years .Mostof the new workers will be needed to man the new facilities now being con structed for the production of pri mary aluminum. The expansion pro gram currently under way is adding considerably to the present capacity for the reduction of alumina to aluminum. has moved upward. Demand for aluminum rose stead ily during 1950 because of the rear mament program, greater utilization of aluminum in civilian and military goods, and the substitution of alumi num for other nonferrous metals vdiose chances of increased production seemsd leps favorable. By the end of 1950 it was evident that the supply of aluminum would not meet both military and civilian needs, and that a large expansion in production would be re quired in order to meet the increas ing demand. To meet this demand,the aluminum industiy has undertaken an expansion program inhich, by the end of 1954, ^ 1 1 have more than doubled the capacity existing at the end of 1951. It is estimated that primary alumi rum production for 1952 will fall just short of 1,000,000 tons, compared with 836,881 tons in 1951* Completion of the current expansion will give the industry a capacity of 1.7 million tons by the end of 1954» Output of the smelters and re finers of the other three important nonferrous metals, copper, lead, and The production of primary alx’mi- zinc, has followed somewhat similar num during the first 6 months of 1952 trends over the past 10 years. During World War II, annual production of set a record for any comparable primary copper rose to a level con period in the postwar years. About siderably above that of the immediate 165,000 short tons of primary alumi prewar period. In 1946 it had de num were produced in the United States in 1939* World War II demand clined to slightly below the prewar level but then began a steady rise for aluminum for aircraft and other through 1950 except for a temporary military uses brought about a rapid expansion of production facilities. setback in 1949* Output in 1943 reached a peak of Although mobilization require 920,179 tons of aluminum, or about 7 ments greatly stimulated the demand times the annual prewar average for copper, production actually de (1935-39)• Production declined to clined somewhat in 1951 from the 409,630 tons in 1946 but from that post-World War II peak recorded in year on, except for a short period in 1949, output of primary aluminum 1950. Output in 1952 is expected to 10 approximate last year’s production. There has been no expansion in the smelting and refining of copper be cause of the inadequate supply of cop per ore available from domestic mines and foreign countries. Although there has been a sub stantial easing of the copper situa tion in recent months, plans are un derway to increase our supplies of this vital metal by opening new mine deposits and reactivating old mines in the United States, as well as boosting the production of copper ore in foreign countries.However,most in— creases from these sources are not expected to come until after 1953. The smelting and refining of the various non ferrous metals differ greatly in processing methods, plant location, and manpower requirements. The smelting of copper occurs after the ore is mined and concentrated.The smelting process converts the ore in to metallic form by the use of heat and fluxes. The principal product of the smelters is called "blister” cop per. Although this product is almost pure, it still contains some impuri ties which make it undesirable for industrial use. These impurities are subsequently lemoved in refining plants by fire or electrolytic process. Lost of the copper is refined electrolytically because this method pro duces pure copper, which is especial^ desirable for use in the electric in dustry. This process also permits both the recovery of precious metals such as gold and silver, and the re moval of baser metals such as lead and zinc. Electrolytic copper, the product of the refinery, is then shipped to other plants where it is rolled, drawn, and extruded into such basic shapes as plates, sheets, rods, wires, and tubing. Most smelters are located near the mining and ore concentrating centers from which they receive their ore, except for a few East Coast smelters which process import ed ores. Of the II4.principal pri mary copper smelters, 10 are located in the I-.Iountain States and 1 plant each in New Jersey, New York, Texas, and Y/ashington. Copper was refined in the United States in 1950 in 13 plants. Five of these with nearly two thirds of the total refining capacity are located on the Atlantic Seaboard. The concentration of capacity on the East Coast reflects the importance of smelted but unre fined imports and the near-by markets for refined copper. Three refineries are located on the Great Lakes, and the other plants are located near the western smelters. The reduction of alumina to aluminum metal is the last stop in the three basic operations needed to produce aluminum. The other two are the mining of bauxite and the pro duction of alumina by chemical oper ations. Reduction of alumina to matal is accomplished by electrolytic processes and requires huge amounts of electric energy. This reduction takes place in electrolytic cells which are called "pots” by the in dustry. 1 olten aluminum is periodi cally drawn off in the forai of "pigs." The process is continuous, around the clock, throughout the year. Pig aluminum is recast in the form of in gots and is generally marketed to fabricators in this manner. In vievr of the large amount of electric power needed for the re duction of alumina into aluminum, the plants are located near sources of cheap power. The major producing area in primary aluminum is the 11 Pacific Northwest, where the river systems provide the necessary power for these reduction plants. Water pov/er also provides the electricity for plants in New York,North Caroling and Alabama. A plant in Point Comfort, Tex. is now operating on natural gas vihich generates electricity. Several thousand new vrorkers will be needed to man the new facilities now being constructed in Chalmette, La.j Corpus Christi and Rockdale, Tex.j Wenatchee, Wash.; Arkedelphia, Ark.j and Kalispell, Mont. Production-worker employment in the primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals 1939-52 (In thousands) Period 1939 ........... 1940 .......... l?i|l........... 191+2........... 1943 .......... 19k k .......... 1 9 4 5 ........... 191+6.......... 1 9 4 7 .......... 1948 ........... 1/ Subject to revision. 12 Number of workers 28.8 33.7 38.8 43-5 55.2 50.0 41.0 38.9 46.9 46.e Period Number of workers 43.3 1949 ........... 45.4 1950 ........... 47.2 1 9 5 1 ........... 47.1 1952: January .... 47.5 February ... March ..... 47.4 47.6 April .... ........ 47.8 47.3 June ...... 1/ 46.Q J u l y ...... 1/47.5 August .... Current Employment and Table I*. Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments By Industry Division (In thousands) Y ear and a o n th T o ta l M in in g C o n tra c t con s t r u c t io n M anufac t u r in g 1 9 3 9 .. 1 9 4 0 .. 1 9 4 1 .. 1 9 4 2 .. 1 9 4 3 .. 1 9 4 4 .. 3 0 ,2 8 7 3 2 ,0 3 1 3 6 ,1 6 4 3 9 ,6 9 7 4 2 ,0 4 2 4 1 ,4 8 0 845 916 947 983 9 17 983 1 ,1 5 0 1, 294 1 ,7 9 0 2 ,1 7 0 1 ,5 6 7 1 ,0 9 4 1 0 ,0 7 8 1 0 ,7 8 0 1 2 ,9 7 4 1 5 ,0 5 1 1 7 ,3 8 1 1 7 , 111 1 9 4 5 .. 1 9 4 6 .. 1 9 4 7 .. 1 9 4 8 .. 1 9 4 9 .. 1 9 5 0 .. 4 0 ,0 6 9 4 1 ,4 1 2 4 3 ,3 7 1 4 4 ,2 0 1 4 3 ,0 0 6 4 4 ,1 2 4 46,4-02 826 852 943 981 932 904 1 ,1 3 2 1 ,6 6 1 1 ,9 8 2 2 ,1 6 5 2 ,1 5 6 2 ,3 1 8 920 Ju n e. 46,567 J u ly . A u g .. S e p t. O c t .. N o v .. D ec. # T ra n s p o rta t io n and p u b lic u t ilit ie s T ra d e F in a n c e S e r v ic e G o v ern ment 2 ,9 1 2 3 ,0 1 3 3 ,2 4 8 3 ,4 3 3 3 ,6 1 9 3 ,7 9 8 6 ,6 1 2 6 ,9 4 0 7 ,4 1 6 7 ,3 3 3 7 ,1 8 9 7 ,2 6 0 1 ,3 8 2 1 ,4 1 9 1 ,4 6 2 1 ,4 4 0 1 ,4 0 1 1 ,3 7 4 3 ,3 2 1 3 ,4 7 7 3 ,7 0 5 3 ,8 5 7 3 ,9 1 9 3 ,9 3 4 3 ,9 8 7 4 ,1 9 2 4 ,6 2 2 5 ,4 3 1 6 ,0 4 9 6 ,0 2 6 1 5 ,3 0 2 1 4 ,4 6 1 1 5 ,2 4 7 1 5 ,2 8 6 1 4 ,1 4 6 1 4 ,8 8 4 3 ,8 7 2 4 ,0 2 3 4 ,1 2 2 4 ,1 5 1 3 ,9 7 7 4 ,0 1 0 7 ,5 2 2 8 ,6 0 2 9 ,1 9 6 9 ,4 9 1 9 ,4 3 8 9 ,5 2 4 1 ,3 9 4 1 ,5 8 6 1 ,6 4 1 1 ,7 1 6 1 ,7 6 3 1 ,8 1 2 4 ,0 5 5 4 ,6 2 1 4 ,7 8 6 4 ,7 9 9 4 ,7 8 2 4 ,7 6 1 5 ,9 6 7 5 ,6 0 7 5 ,4 5 4 5 ,6 1 3 5 ,8 1 1 5 ,9 1 0 2,569 15,931 4,144 9,804 1,883 *,759 6,390 927 2,686 15,956 4 ,1 6 1 9,732 1,893 4,835 6,377 46,432 46,724 46,956 46,902 46,852 47,663 906 922 917 917 917 n6 2,75*+ 2,809 2,768 2,761 2,633 2,518 15,813 16,008 16,039 15,965 15,890 15.913 4,176 4,190 *,178 4,166 4,165 9,667 9,641 9.781 9,893 10,109 10,660 1,908 1,914 1,898 1,898 1,907 1.912 4,852 4,839 4,831 4,770 4,734 4,702 6,356 6,401 6,544 6,532 6,497 6,881 J a n .. Feb .* M a r. . A p r.. M a y .. June. 45.913 2,316 2,308 2.296 2,416 2.522 2,663 15.776 15,859 15,869 15.795 15,654 15,w o 4,103 4,111 4,118 4,096 4,131 4,168 9,720 9,643 46,001 *6,299 46,329 46,292 909 902 904 896 893 814 9,845 9.773 9,838 1,909 1.919 1.937 1,952 1,958 1.977 4,671 4,667 4.681 4,748 4,796 4,837 6,509 6,490 6,528 6,551 6,602 6.585 J u ly . A ug.* *5,992 47,060 784 887 2,721 2,781 15,153 15.976 4,141 4,202 9,787 9,789 1.991 1.992 4,857 4,844 6,558 6,589 Annual average: 1951 1951 4 ,l6 l .W2 * 5 ,8 9 9 See Explanatory Notes 9 ,668 and Glossary for definitions. 13 Industry Data Table 2: Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments By Industry Division and Group (In thousands) 1952 Industry division and group TOTAL. MINING* Metal mining*.........•••••••••••...... .... Anthracite. ........ •••••••••••••*•••••••••• Bituminous— coal. ••••••••••*•••••••••••»••«« Crude petroleum and natural gas production. Nonmetallic mining and quarrying...... ..... ltwi Au k . July June Aug. July *7 ,06o *5,992 *6,292 *6,72* * 6,*32 887 78* 81* 922 906 P'l 63.6 3W .5 ZTk.b 107 A 74.2 60.9 267.9 275.3 105.6 77.0 65.2 29*.2 272.1 105.6 105.2 68.3 369.6 269.5 109.8 105.1 65.5 359.* 267.8 108.2 2,721 2,663 2,809 2,75* NONBUILDING CONSTRUCTION. 573 548 536 568 556 2*3.3 30*.* 237.2 298.3 2*7.7 320.5 2*2.5 313.8 Highway and street........... „ Other nonbuilding construction. CO H 2,781 ii CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION....... 2,208 2,173 2,0.27 2 ,2*1 2,198 GENERAL CONTRACTORS............. 906 89* 878 963 9*5 SPECIAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS. 1,302 1,279 1,2*9 1,278 1,253 BUILDING CONSTRUCT IO N .. . . e Plumbing and heating............ Painting and decorating......... Electrical work............... . Other special-trade contractors. MANUFACTURING. DURABLE G O O D S.... NONDURABLE GOODS. TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES. Transportation............... . Interstate railroads................, Class I r a i l r o a d s . ^ , Local railways and bus lines........, Trucking and warehousing.......... .., Other transportation and services..., Air transportation (common carrier), Communication. Telephone.... Telegraph. ••• See Explanatory Notes u 310.6 186.3 168.6 636.7 306.9 18*.9 167.0 620.0 299.* 177.* 162.3 609.6 305.7 189.9 15*. 0 628.4 300.1 183.0 1*9.9 620.1 15,976 15,153 15,*10 16,008 15,813 8,863 7,113 8,292 6,86l 8,621 6,789 8,878 7,130 8,839 6,97* it.,202 *,1*1 *,168 *,190 *,176 2,892 2,8*0 2,88* 2,918 2,929 1,*68 1,*68 1,396 1,392 1,351 1,182 1,296 1,225 1,219 1,297 1*2 138 1*1 137 137 61* 656 651 621 653 698 700 698 707 695 90.6 92.4 81.5 83.7 91.7 736 689.2 *5.5 and Glossary for definitions. 729 682.1 *6.2 720 6m 700 698 In d u stry D ata Table 2: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments By Industry Division and Group - Continued (in thousands) Industry division and group Aug. j 19*52 J u ly 1951 Ju n e Au k , J u lv TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ( Continued) Other public utilities............. ••••••••• Gas and electric utilities............... . Electric light and power utilities.,,,.... Gas utilities.••••••••...... ••••••••••••• Electric light and gas utilities combined............ . Local utilities, not elsewhere classified........ 574 5 4 7 .8 2 4 3 .0 1 2 4 ,1 572 5 4 5 .9 2 4 2 .7 1 2 3 .7 564 5 3 8 .4 2 3 9 .2 1 2 1 .9 561 560 5 3 4 .7 2 3 7 .1 1 2 0 .3 5 3 3 .7 2 3 7 .5 119.8 1 8 0 .7 1 7 9 .5 1 7 7 .3 1 7 7 .3 1 7 6 .4 26.0 2 5 .7 25. I 26.2 2 5 .9 TRADE......................................................... ..................... 9,789 9 ,78 7 9,838 9 ,6 4 1 9 ,66 7 Wholesale trade........ ..................... 2 ,6 3 7 2 ,6 2 3 2, 6l 8 2 ,5 9 6 2 ,5 9 4 Retail trade.... ................... ....... . 7 ,1 5 2 General merchandise stores........ ••••••••• 1 ,4 1 1 Pood and liquor stores...................... 1,290 Automotive and accessories dealers......... 751 Apparel and accessories stores......... 505 Other retail trade........... • •••*....... . 3 A 9 5 7 ,1 6 4 1 ,4 1 8 1 ,2 9 4 756 7,220 7 ,0 4 5 1 ,3 9 9 7 ,0 7 3 1 ,4 0 7 757 756 3 ,1 7 8 3,160 3 ,1 2 9 3 ,1 3 0 FINANCE........ ................................................................... 1,9 9 2 1 ,9 9 1 1 ,9 7 7 1 ,9 1 4 1,908 501 518 501 65.2 721 1,4 6 0 1,292 75* 55* 490 6 4 .5 713 709 1,260 500 1,268 512 Banks and trust companies,......... ....... . Security dealers and exchanges,............ Insurance carriers and agents.............. Other finance agencies and real estate.... 725 701 SERVICE............................................................................ 4,81* 4 ,8 5 7 4 ,8 3 7 4 ,8 3 9 4 ,8 5 2 508 5 11 475 507 510 366.6 3 7 0 .7 Hotels and lodging places.............. . 6 5 .3 704 4 71 6 4 .3 690 689 471 6 4 .3 682 691 1 5 5 .9 160.9 I 368.6 65. I 3 6 4 .5 1 5 3 .3 3 6 8 .9 1 5 7 .6 244 244 248 245 245 GOVERNMENT........................................ ............................ 6 ,58 9 6,558 6,585 6 ,4 0 1 6,356 2 ,4 1 6 4 ,1 4 2 2,381 4 ,2 0 4 2 ,3 3 0 4,073 2 ,3 1 3 4 ,0 4 3 Laundries. ••••••••••«•••••••«.... .*•••••• Motion pictures.................. . Federal 1/................. . State and local..... ...... ................. 1/ 2 , 1*18 4 ,1 7 1 Fourth class postmasters are excluded here but are Included in Table 7. 15 Industry Data Table 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries (in thousands) All employees Production workers Industry group and industry MINING.......................................................... Aug. 1918 July 1952 June 1952 Aug. 19^1 887 78* 81* 922 Aug. 1952 METAL MININb...................... 95.2 7*.2 77.0 105.2 82.1 Iron m i n i n g ............... ........... Copper m i n i n g ........................ Lead and zinc m i n i n g ................ 28.0 19.8 7.1 28.* 20.* 8.0 29.5 21.5 39.0 28.8 20.0 ANTHRACITE........................ 63.6 60.9 65.2 B1TUM1NOUS-COAL................... 3*6.5 267.9 CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION....................... 27*.* Petroleum and natural gas produc t i o n (except contract s e r v i c e s ) ........ NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING___ July 1952 June 1Q52 Aug. 1<«1 60.7 63.7 92.6 23.8 3.1 25.6 17.2 2*.3 17.6 3.9 25.5 18.7 25 .0 68.3 59.8 57.2 61.3 6*.2 29*. 2 369.6 32*.3 2*5.2 , 272.1 3*5.2 275.3 272.1 269.5 — — — — — -- — — 136.1 136.1 13*.0 132.9 107.lv 105.6 105.6 109.8 92.9 91.0 91.3 96.5 29.5 35.0 17.3 MANUFACTURING............................................. 15,976 15,153 15,*10 16,008 12,8*6 12,059 12,329 13,069 8,863 8,292 6,861 8,621 6,789 8,878 7,130 7,096 5,750 6,550 5,509 6,888 5,**1 7,261 DURABLE GOODS..................... NONDURABLE GOODS.................. ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES......... FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS........ Meat p r o d u c t s . ...................... Dairy p r o d u c t s ...................... Canning and p r e s e r v i n g ............. Gra in-mill p r o d u c t s ................ Sug a r ...... ................. . Confec t i o n e r y and related products. 7,113 79.1 1,688 29*.7 155-8 315.9 136.2 293.2 27.9 92.7 235.2 Mis c e l laneous food p r o d u c t s ....... TOBACCO MANUFACTURES............. Tobacco and s n u f f ................... Tobacco stemming and r e d r y i n g ..... TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS............................. Knitting m i l l s ....... ................. Dyeing and finishing t e x t i l e s ....... Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings . Other texti l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ......... See E x p l a n a t o r y No te s and G l o s s a r y 16 136.6 79.1 1,619 295.* 159.0 2*3.7 135-1 29*.0 28.8 87.3 238.9 137.1 93 85 28.0 *1.8 11.6 11.9 27-2 *1.9 11.3 *•5 1,216 163,8 3*9.3 239.9 88.7 *7.1 127.0 1,17* 79.3 1 ,53* 1,698 29*.7 155.5 179.7 133.2 290.5 28.5 88.5 227.3 135.9 295.1 156.* 332.8 132.1 288.3 29.7 95.2 232.0 136.2 85 27.2 *2.0 11.7 *.3 1,176 155.7 538.3 228.1 157.3 536.2 231.8 8*.2 *3.8 12*.0 8*.7 *1.1 12*.8 for definitions* 50.8 59.1 1,288 59.5 1,221 59.8 1,138 5,808 *1.3 1,307 23*.0 232.0 112.9 15*.5 99.* 23.0 76.2 11*.8 217.9 100.8 19*.6 23.7 71.1 159.9 101.3 101.2 91 86 78 78 8* 26.0 39.9 11.7 13.3 25.6 2*.7 39.7 9.7 3.7 2*.6 23.6 39.8 37.7 10.2 12.2 1 ,2*7 l6t.8 592.7 230.9 83.2 *9.2 126.0 231.9 111.7 289.* 101.3 193.2 39.7 10.0 10.9 1,123 153.3 519.7 221.0 78.3 39.8 110.9 162.7 1,081 1*5.1 508.7 208.7 7*.0 36.6 107.6 190.0 23.7 71.9 153.2 100.8 10.0 3.5 1,082 1*6.6 506.2 212.lv 7*.7 3*.0 108.2 233.1 n * .2 30*.5 99.2 192.3 2*.7 78.2 160.5 99.9 1,152 15*.0 561.2 211.5 73.* *1.2 110.5 Industry Data Table 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries - Continued ( i n thou san ds) All employees Industry group and industry APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS................................................ Men's and boys' suits and coats.... Men's and boys' furnishings and work clothing............................. Women's outerwear.................... Women's, children's under garments.. M illinery............................. Children's outerwear................. Fur goods and miscellaneous apparel.. Other fabricated textile products... LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURNITURE)............................................ Logging camps and contractors....... Sawmills and planing m i l l s ........ Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated structural wood p r o ducts........... Wooden containers.................... Miscellaneous wood products......... FURNITURE AND FIXTURES......................... Household furniture.................. Other furniture and fixtures........ PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS............ Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills... Paperboard containers and b o x e s .... Other paper and allied products..... PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES............................................ Newspapers............................. Periodicals........................... Commercial p r i n t i n g .................. L ithographing......................... Other printing and publishing....... CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS............ Industrial inorganic chemicals..... Industrial organic chemicals........ Drugs and m e d i cines............. . Paints, pigments, and fillers....... Vegetable and animal oils and fats.. Other chemicals and allied products. Product.ion workers Aug. J u ly June 1952 Aug. Aug* J u ly June Aug. 1952 1952 1951 1952 1952 1952 1951 1,169 1,102 1,091 1,167 1,052 1,047 985 972 132.9 152.8 129.1 118.3 119.4 93.4 144.9 256.2 329.8 97.5 21.6 65.3 101.4 2*6.6 19.0 67.7 87.8 136.4 258.7 286.5 101.5 16.1 67.9 89.1 138.1 142.5 82.1 122.8 238.5 269.6 89.0 16.5 61.8 76.8 114.1 239.8 252.4 90.7 13.9 62.0 78.0 116.0 19.0 59-7 89.5 119.7 770 758 763 8lfl 706 693 697 75* 59.6 457.5 76.8 56.6 481.8 430.9 57-3 420.7 55.5 423.7 72.9 449.0 111.7 75.2 59.1 118.4 78.0 67.1 96.7 96.0 69.4 52.5 103.0 72.3 56.7 142.0 131.3 264.8 327.6 257.3 302.9 99.7 105.6 21.6 69.0 60.3 61.2 29^.8 9*.7 18.9 63.2 139.2 238.0 294.5 87.0 463.8 *53.3 114.9 72.8 58.4 112.6 342 334 338 333 293 284 288 285 236.9 105.3 231.1 102.7 231.6 106.4 223.9 108.8 207.8 85.1 201.5 202.0 86.2 195.2 89.4 487 474 482 494 408 395 403 419 245.6 132.3 109.5 237.6 127.5 108.7 244.2 209.3 U 0 .3 202.0 105.7 86.8 208.8 109.1 248.1 132.5 107*0 87.5 214.6 112.1 92.3 766 764 767 759 508 507 511 509 304.0 54.4 52.4 201.8 39.5 114.0 302.8 304.3 53-9 298.5 53.9 51.6 202.6 39.1 113.8 153.5 33.8 204.1 39-2 113.6 53.5 50.3 202.2 40.9 113.9 153.2 34.0 35.6 165.5 30.0 88.9 15^.3 33.6 36.7 I 67.O 30.1 150.5 35.2 36.4 747 742 739 753 514 512 512 84.0 234.5 112.1 73.9 30.5 45.4 166.9 84.1 230.9 112.0 7*.5 30.1 44.5 84.1 233.3 108.3 76.9 30.6 *9.9 60.3 168.9 69.7 47.1 23.2 60.7 166.7 60.9 163.2 72.8 58.1 166.0 129.0 52.2 83.8 224.7 111.2 74.1 32.0 45.2 167.6 62.0 113.0 169.4 99.2 51.9 88.5 36.1 165.1 30.5 89.3 32.6 112.6 67.0 51.6 82.7 69.9 hl.9 22.9 31.8 112.1 88.9 70.4 47.6 24.7 32.2 113.3 165.8 31.8 89.6 531 61.1 173.8 70.2 *9.7 23.8 37.9 114.5 Industry Data Table 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries - Continued (In thousands) All employees Industry group and industry PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL........... Petroleum refining................... Other petroleum and coal products... RUBBER PRODUCTS..................................... Tires and inner t u b e s ................ Aug. 1952 Ju ly 1<W2 June 1952 Aug. 1951 Aug. 1952 Ju ly Ju n . 1 952 1952 Aug. 10^1 283 268 265 267 203 190 190 198 229-5 22.1 31.0 225.7 12.2 30.2 220.5 21* .0 22.2 30.* 159.5 18.K 2*.6 156.6 15*.6 15*.0 9.5 2 * .l 10.9 2*.0 19.* 2*.2 268 256 271 272 211 201 119.0 121.5 29.* 120.0 116.5 119.6 119*3 2k.2 112.lt. 396 377 379 382 357 *6.0 25*-7 9*.8 *5.0 2*1.1 91.2 **.8 2**.6 89. I **.8 2**.0 231,8 5M 52* 536 56* 1^6.5 *3.7 90.6 52 . V 102.2 1*1.6 *0.5 1*3.7 *0.5 50.5 100.* 101.7 53.2 101.2 1*8.5 **.0 93.* 57.7 890 899 635.6 261.6 2*5.2 252.6 231.0 266.8 659.8 5*6.0 280.7 228.9 57.2 56.7 56.9 56.8 100.3 111.9 136.9 95.5 111.1 128.8 99-3 112.2 132.7 97.8 108.* 1*8.3 110.0 102.3 950 906 95* 996 763 722 *8.3 132.2 *8.6 1*5.1 158.0 112.0 107.2 119.0 132.3 1*1.* 213.6 1*5.0 221.6 151.0 230.3 233.0 120.6 17*. 6 112.1 159.3 115.3 167.3 121.8 180.8 163.5 217.2 161.9 208.6 173.5 219.9 169.0 23*.0 133.7 177.5 132.3 168.9 1**.5 1*2.1 195.2 29.3 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS.............. Footwear (except r u b ber)............ Other leather produc t s . . ............ STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS......... Glass and glass p r o d u c t s............ Structural clay prod u c t s ............ Pottery and related pr o d u c t s........ Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products Other stone, clay, and glass products. PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES..................... Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mil l s . ..................... Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals. Rolling, drawing, and alloying of nonferrous m e t a l s ................... Other primary metal industries.••... FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT).................. Tin cans and other tinware.......... Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware... Heating apparatus (except electric) and p l u m b e r s 1 supplies............. Fabricated structural metal products . Metal stamping, coating, and engraving................. . Other fabricated metal p r o d u c t s .... 18 Production workers 105.6 1,30* 50.1 138.1 150 .* 89.2 1*.2 30.1 91.8 105.8 30.9 12*.5 92.8 103.8 116.1 1,352 50.9 92.* 23.5 9* .7 92.9 18.6 89.0 215 95-3 23.7 95-7 218 91.5 25.2 101.2 339 3*0 3*3 ko.k 218.7 79.8 *0.2 221.* 77.9 *0.0 221.3 81.2 *58 khl *53 *6* 127.2 122.6 12*. 6 3 * .l 82.* *7 .* 8 * .l 80.6 130.1 37.7 kl.k 83.3 * 6.9 8*.8 80.* 33-g 79.8 kk.l 83.1 76.6 85.0 51.9 87.8 91.* 702 716 163.0 221.1 155.0 23*.8 57*.7 2* 9.6 *7.5 * 6.9 *7-3 *7-7 81.1 76.6 92.2 79-8 93.2 105.6 79.3 90.5 122.9 769 817 1,106 92.8 **.* *2.* *2.8 180.1 1,165 **.8 Industry Data Table 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries - Continued (In thousands) All employees Production workers Industry group and industry MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)....... Engines and turbines.................. Agricultural machinery and tractors.. Construction and mining machinery.... Metalworking mach i n e r y ................ Special-industry machinery (except metalworking machin e r y ) ......... . General industry m a c h inery ........ . Office and store machines and devices Service-industry and household machines Miscellaneous machinery p a r t s ........ ELECTRICAL MACHINERY............... Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus............................. Electrical equipment for v ehicles.... Communication equipment............... Electrical appliances, lamps, and miscellaneous prod u c t s .............. TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT............ Automobiles............................ Aircraft and p a r t s .................... Aircraft.............................. Aircraft engines and p a r t s ..... . Aircraft propellers and parts....... Other aircraft parts and equipment. . . . Ship and boat building and repairing.. Ship building and repairing......... Boat building and repairing......... Railroad equipment.................... Other transportation equipment..... . INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS.... Ophthalmic goods. .................. . Photographic apparatus.......... . Hatches and clocks.................... Professional and scientific M 1SCELLANEOUS MANUFACTUR 1N6 1NDUSTR IES. Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware. . . Toys and sporting goods.............. Costume jewelry, buttons, notions.... Other miscellaneous manufacturing Aug. 1952 July June 1952 Aug. 1951 Aug. 1952 July 1952 1952 June 1952 Aug. 1951 1,575 1,581 1,640 1,573 1,191 1,200 1,261 1,209 103.8 9^.6 190.0 312.8 100.4 166.1 127.5 308.1 169.7 122.1 286.1 187.7 235.6 106.9 163.5 189.4 190.0 232.8 104.3 160.9 190.5 191.4 957 97.1 154.7 127.0 130.2 312.9 69.3 112.5 95-0 246.5 73.7 123.8 95.6 138.5 140.1 164.4 85.4 122.9 242.2 77.1 147.9 98.3 247.8 70-9 127.4 91.8 224.5 142.4 150*0 168.0 88.3 125.0 162.7 107.4 164.8 203.0 197.3 233.0 105.3 162.7 202.4 88.0 124.9 149.8 151.8 126.9 162.8 930 956 927 705 683 706 696 365.9 74.2 380.6 358.5 76.6 363.0 374.4 81.7 365.9 374.1 81.2 323.2 257.6 251.3 280.9 60.6 265.3 266.2 65.2 268.2 271.6 66.1 238.5 135-8 132.3 133.7 148.6 108.8 105.4 106.7 119.4 1,542 1,510 236.6 1,670 674.2 635.6 661.6 622.5 820.3 425.2 415.6 125.3 13.9 67.7 151.7 130.4 21.3 62.4 406.1 124.9 13.9 66.1 126.7 14.3 69.4 151.0 129.6 21.4 68.3 12.4 327 11.7 323 58.0 1,186 168.9 88.6 512.1 452.8 671.9 446.9 303.8 88.3 87.2 298.9 87.2 131.5 20.7 74.6 11.5 49.8 114.4 101.2 13.2 72.4 ll.l 10.2 53-4 133.1 113.8 19.3 55-4 10.4 9.9 51.9 134.4 115.1 19.3 49.4 322 302 236 232 152.2 66.7 27.2 812.4 486.3 330.6 95-4 10.5 1,198 1,323 1,159 523.8 463.6 311.7 611.0 26.6 67.0 26.9 1,497 166.1 675.1 357.1 243.7 66.6 7.4 39.4 99.3 10.0 50.8 134.7 116.0 18.7 59.3 9.7 9.8 87.6 11.7 57-4 9.3 233 224 21.9 37.5 36.0 36.3 33.9 21.4 47.0 31.8 196.0 193.3 192.5 178.3 135.4 133.8 134.6 128.0 476 457 464 465 393 374 382 388 65.8 27.3 62.3 21.6 46.4 30.4 46.1 30.7 22.2 44.9 28.6 43.7 83.5 54.5 42.7 77-9 51.9 43.9 77.6 51.4 48.5 73-2 53.4 35-3 72.6 45.3 42.8 294.7 284.7 290.9 290.3 240.2 230.0 34.1 67.0 j 35.4 67.3 42.3 L 236^ | 39.4 64.1 44.3 240.6 19 Em ploym ent and P a y ro lls Table4: Indexes of Production W orker Employment and W eekly P ayro lls in Manufacturing Industries (191*7 -191*9 Average = 100) Period Production-worker employment index 1/ Production-worker pay-roll index Z/ Annual average: 66.2 1939.................... 1940................ 1941.................... 1942..... .............. 1943.................... 1944............. ...... 87.9 103.9 121.4 118.1 1945.................... 1946.................... 104.0 97.9 1948.......... ......... 1949.................. 1950.................... 11.2 103.4 102.8 29.9 3^.0 49.3 72.2 99.0 102.8 87.8 81.2 97.7 105.1 97.2 111.2 1951.................... 93.8 99.2 105.4 129.2 1951 June 105.6 129.6 104.2 105.7 126.4 128.4 130.9 105.8 105.1 104.3 104.4 129.8 129.8 132.9 1952 February........... . April................... May.................. . July.................... 103.2 103.6 103.6 102.9 101.8 99.7 130.4 131.0 131.9 128.1 128.3 126.4 97.5 103.9 121.1 133.0 1/ Represents number of production and related workers in manufacturing expressed as a percentage of average monthly production worker employment in 1947-1949 period, 2/ Represents production worker average weekly payroll expressed as percentage of average weekly payroll for 1947-1949 period. Aggregate weekly payroll for all manufacturing is derived by multiplying gross average weekly earnings by pro duction worker employment. 20 S hipb u ildin g Table 5: Employees in the Shipbuilding and Repairing Industry by Region JL/ (In thousands) 1952 Region 1951 Atut. J^X y June Aue. .Tilly ALL REGIONS....................... 26I4-.9 265.9 266.8 2 2 8 .3 226. 1*. PRIVATE............ 129.6 130.i«. 131.5 101.2 101.1 NAVY............... 135.3 135.5 135.3 1 2 7 .1 1 2 5 .3 127.0 125.9 123.9 105.1 1 0 3 .k 65.3 61.7 65.0 60.9 60.5 6 3 .k U8.6 56.5 * 7 .5 5 5 .9 ^ 5 .3 t5 A ^ 5.6 1*1.0 3 9 .8 20.3 25.0 20.1 2 5 .3 20.3 25.3 16.8 21*.2 16.0 23.8 Private............ 1 9 .7 20.0 21.7 13.6 16.8 P A C I F I C ........................... 60.5 61.6 62.3 5 6 .9 5 5 .1 Private............ Navy............... 11.9 1 2 .3 ^ 9 .3 12.8 ^ 9.5 1 0 .5 9 .5 k8 . 6 W A *5-6 7 .9 8.2 8.5 6.6 6.k It-.8 k.8 5.1 k.9 NORTH ATLANTIC............. Navy............... SOUTH ATLANTIC............. GULF: GREAT LAKES: Private............ INLAND: Private............ The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. The Gulf region includes all yards bordering on the Gulf of Mexico in the fol lowing States: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. The Pacific region includes all yards in California, Oregon, and Washington. The Great Lakes region includes all yards bordering on the Great Lakes in the following States: Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. The Inland region Includes all other yards. 21 F e d e r a l G ov er n me n t Table 6= Federal Civilian Employment in All Areas and in Continental United States and Total Government Civilian Employment in the District of Columbia ( In thousands) Employment (as of first of month) Area and branch 1952 J u ly Aua. 1951 June Au k , J u ly ALL AREAS 2 ,621.5 2,619.1 2,582.9 2,521.3 2,503.* 2,570.2 1,33*.0 512.5 723.7 8.7 *.0 2,509.3 1,267.7 *95.5 7*6.1 8.7 3.9 1,356.1 51*.5 735.8 8.7 *.0 8.1 3.9 2,*91.0 1,265.3 *89.* 736.3 8.5 3.9 2,437-1 2,*3*.7 2,399.8 2,3*9.0 2,329.8 2,424.6 1,233.7 513.6 677.3 8.7 3.8 2,387.2 1,210.* 510.3 666.5 8.7 3.9 2,337.1 1,156.1 *93.* 687.6 2,317.5 1,232.3 512.3 677.5 8.7 3.9 TOTAL GOVERNMENT............... 274.8 275.5 D. C. GOVERNMENT............... TOTAL FEDERAL £/............... 20.1 254.7 20.1 255.* 245.2 89.9 8.2 147.1 8.7 .8 2*6.0 89.7 2*2.8 87.8 8.7 .7 8.1 1*6.9 8.7 .7 TOTAL FEDERAL................. 2,608.9 1,358.2 515.8 73b. 9 2,6o6.l4- CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES $1 TOTAL FEDERAL................. J u d i c i a l .................................................. 2,*22.1 3.8 *87.5 688.8 8.5 3.8 272.7 281.1 280.3 20.5 252.2 19.8 261.3 19.9 260.* DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 8.2 1*8.1 1,1*1.2 8.1 252.5 88.7 7.9 155.9 8.1 .7 251.2 87.7 7.9 155.6 8.5 .7 Includes all executive agencies (except the Central Intelligence Agency), Government co rp o ra tio n s, Federal Reserve Banks, and mixed-ownership banks of the Farm Credit Administration. C iv il ia n employment in navy yards, arsenals, hospitals, and on force-account construction is included in t o t a l fo r execu tive agencies. — ^ Covers civilian employees of the Department of Defense (Secretary of Defense, Army, Navy, and A ir Force)« National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Canal Zone Government, S e le c t iv e S e rv ice System, National Security Resources Board, National Security Council, and War Claims Commission. — ^ Includes fourth-class postmasters, excluded from Federal total in table 2. — ^ Includes the 48 States and the District of Columbia. —^ Includes all Federal civilian employment in Washington Standard Metropolitan area (District, of Columbia and adjacent Maryland and Virginia counties/. 22 State Data Table 7: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, by State (In thousands) T o tal S ta te Alabama.... ............ Arizona ,l/............... 1952 Auir. 1 July 668.7 192.9 308.8 California .............. Colorado................ Connecticut ............. Delaware................ District of Columbia ..... Florida ................ Georgia................ 3,775.6 *13.0 (g/) - Idaho . 0/............... 1*1.2 3,315.6 1,35*.* Indiana................. Kansas.......... ....... Kentucky................ M a in e .................................... ... Maryland ............... M a s sa c h u s e tts . l/ . . ............... Mississippi . ............ 522.0 70*.9 869.9 63*.0 5*1.5 - 667.6 286.* 777.6 1,788.9 Pennsylvania ............ Rhode Island ................... South Carolina................ South Dakota .l/.......... Tennessee ............... Texas ............................. Utah .1f .......................... Vermont ................. Virginia......................... Washington ...................... West Virginia................. Wisconsin........................ TNfyoming......................... (V) 6.0 *.3 139.0 1*3.9 3,276.5 3,27*.8 1,250.6 1,358.9 638.9 639.0 537.6 521.1 663.3 656.9 283.2 282.9 738.6 771.2 1,771.1 1,806.6 5.5 39.2 15.1 2.9 5.* 38.7 858.3 - - - - 512.9 *80.6 3,695.6 298.5 515.3 125.3 1,2*3.7 158,2 335.2 1,2*9.2 156.7 332.0 175.1 1,687.6 178.6 1,690.5 163.2 65.8 168.6 5,861.2 978.1 118.1 - 511.3 *69.8 3,*1*.2 293.3 509.6 125.3 61.0 5,881.6 967.6 116.9 - 508.0 *76.1 3,727.* 295.6 *9*.0 128.6 790.* 798.5 789.3 2,193.9 2,177.3 2,120.8 219.8 21*. 1 212.3 100.3 99.0 101.5 885.O 87*.6 871.1 7*6.7 738.3 7*1.7 *99.8 532.1 516.7 1,06*.0 1,076.* 1,078.3 93.8 6.3 35.2 11.3 (2/) (V) - 5,9*5.7 996.1 118.2 6.5 35.3 11.3 (2/) 11.2 12.1 528.1 688.* 857.* 837.7 158.6 12.9 52*. 9 70*.9 - 335.6 66.0 177.5 1,711.3 169.7 20.6 - 81*. 5 Montana.......................... Nebraska......................... Nevada............................ New Hampshire. 1 / .............. New Jersey....................... New Mexico l/. . . . .......... Mining 19*52 Aug. July - - 1,265.9 North D akota - l / . .............. O h i o .............................. Oklahoma ........................ O re g o n ................ .......... 3,655.9 *01.2 (2/) 6*9-3 177.0 313.2 3,619.0 *07.2 820.9 8*1.5 M i s s o u r i ...................................... New York ........................ North Carolina ................ 63*.6 192.0 307.9 1951 Aug. 92.3 90.2 - 6.2 *.3 18.* 5*.l 29.* .6 3.0 <*/) - 15.0 2.8 18.8 50.3 30.5 .6 3.0 (it/) . 17.5 - 9.1 10.8 (*/) 3.1 .1 *.i 15.0 12.0 3.3 1.8 26.0 *2.5 1.2 165.7 (*/) 1.2 2.1 10.9 13.2 12*.9 .7 21.2 2.9 112.5 *.1 9.7 2.7 9.0 10.5 (*/) 3.2 .1 *.1 15.1 10.8 3.* 1.8 26.0 *2.3 1.2 116.2 (V) 1.3 2.1 11.0 123.9 11.8 .7 20.8 2.8 io*.3 3.2 9.2 C o n t ra c t C o n s t r u c t io n 1951 19■52 1 July A ug. Aug. 21.* 12.2 6.* *1.6 16.* 2*.5 2*9.0 35.9 10.6 (3/> <*/) 6.5 *.6 5.* *3.8 15.7 3.1 19.1 57.* 28.5 .6 2.7 (it/) 31.2 Cg/) - 22.2 69.1 *9.1 - 9.0 9.9 (V) 3.2 .3 *.1 12.9 12.1 3.5 1.0 26.2 *5.6 1.* 176.7 (*/) 1.2 2.3 11.6 116.3 13.0 1.2 21.8 2.8 122.5 *.1 9.9 16.1 2*. 3 226.6 30.2 <£/) 21.7 69.1 50.9 10.5 192.6 71.6 9.9 192.6 70.8 **.1 *3.8 **.* *1.6 - - 56.6 57.5 13.7 59.3 70.3 72.5 *3.9 *2.* „ 18.5 *3.6 13.7 61.* 1951 Aug. 38.8 13.1 2*.5 2*8.7 32.0 *6.5 <2.0 £ ‘.2 *50.* 13.7 189.* 7*.* **.1 *5.5 - 56.5 1*.8 58.1 78.8 _ - - *6.8 - 65.6 13.8 70.9 20.9 6.3 7.3 91.1 1*.3 22.1 *.1 8.0 87.5 16.* 2*5.6 82.0 11.3 2*3.1 25*.2 68.0 11.3 32.3 173.7 19.5 55.8 9.5 31.8 29.1 167.5 19.9 5*.9 9.5 35.7 31.2 189.0 5*.5 172.6 1*.6 *.3 55.2 170.3 1*.* *.0 57.0 183.9 **.7 20.2 57.8 7-7 *5.* 19.5 56.6 7.7 6*.7 13.3 20.8 5.8 7.1 92.8 1*.7 30.8 60.7 83.8 11.5 60.1 13.6 16.3 *0.5 11.3 15.0 3.9 63.3 *8.7 20.6 57.9 8.0 See footnotes atend of table. 23 State Data Table 7: Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments by Industry Division, by State - Continued (in thousands) State Alabama............. Arkansas............ California.......... Delaware............ District of Columbia. . Florida ............ Georgia ............ Idaho.1/ ............ Illinois ........... Indiana....... . ... Iowa............... Kansas.............. Kentucky............ Louisiana ........... Maine .............. Maryland............ Massachusetts.l/..... Michigan ........... Minnesota.... ....... Mississippi......... Missouri ............ Montana ............ Nebraska.......... . New Hampshire .l/. . . . . New Jersey .......... New Mexico .1/....... Manufacturing 1952 1951 Aug. 1 July Aug. 228.2 28.0 76.8 1,038.8 67.7 82 17,1 103.8 305.7 28.0 1,230.7 616.8 163.8 136.0 1**.5 152.9 123.1 279.5 713.1 <2/) 219. V 95.6 390.9 18.9 61.0 *.0 81.3 769.8 16.1 New York ............ North Carolina ...... North Dakota, l / ..... Ohio............... Oklahoma ............ Oregon.............. Pennsylvania........ Rhode Island........ South Carolina ...... South Dakota ..1/. .... 1,98*.9 *33.7 6.5 1,2**.* 79.* pannessee........... Texas.............. Utah.1/............. Vermont............. 27*. 3 *21.2 Washington .......... West Virginia........ Wisconsin .......... Wyoming............. 161.2 1,*67.2 1*0.5 220.9 11.* 32.8 76.6 970.6 59.1 (|/) 58.3 17.* 102.9 296.7 27.8 1,192.2 520.9 169.3 13*.0 136.1 1*9.8 120.1 2*2.5 693.6 22*.9 23.2 81.8 962.* 67.* *16.5 60.* 17.3 98.* 307.7 27.1 1,221.8 613.0 169.7 118.8 151.3 1*5.7 120.6 278.7 736.9 215.1 989.2 1,080.0 212.2 95.0 373.9 9*.3 373.2 19.0 61.1 *.0 79.8 7*5.* 15.7 1,888.7 *15.5 6.6 1,15*.0 78.3 153.5 1,253.8 135.0 216.8 11.5 266.9 *16.1 37.7 250.0 207.6 27.8 36.8 2*1.1 202.2 135.5 *53.6 7.2 129.1 *68.3 7.2 See footnotes at end of table. 24 20*.1 27.7 18.8 56.6 3.8 81.2 766.8 Trans. and Public Util. 1952 1951 Auflt. 1 July Aug, 57.5 21.2 32.3 338.9 *6.8 (2/) 32.* 72.1 73.2 17.8 302.6 105.0 6*.l 66.6 59.2 8*.* 19.7 73.9 117.* 95.7 25.* 131.* 23.9 **.3 9.* 10.9 1*2.* 55-7 21.6 31.9 323.* *5.9 (2/) 55.8 20.0 32.3 326.7 *5.0 *2.5 32.6 72.0 32.0 70.6 196.1 72.7 71.* 185.5 17.2 17.7 307.0 110.9 6*.* 3*.6 691.3 269.7 169.* 125.3 110.5 1*7.6 50.3 1*2.6 299.* 101.8 6*.3 67.2 58.9 8*.* 19.8 67.9 116.2 89.7 25.3 126.5 23.7 **.1 1*.7 18.8 9.5 10.9 1*1.* 18.9 1,95*.6 *31.0 511.2 508.8 6.2 1,285.1 75.5 157.8 1,*86.0 1*1.5 219.5 11.8 62.0 1*.5 229.9 50.3 *9.5 3**.5 16.5 28.3 10.5 267.2 61.2 *02.9 33.3 39.5 2*3.8 23*. 7 23.9 201.2 139.* *71.2 6.6 8.8 86.5 69.* 5*.7 75.6 16.7 Trade 1952 Aug. 1 July 61.5 1*.3 223.0 50.5 *8.9 327.7 16.5 28.3 10.* 66.6 60.* 83.3 19.5 73.8 119.3 _ 99.7 26.1 131.1 2*.2 **.1 9.1 10.9 1*2.0 17.9 511.* 59.2 1*.6 2*2.7 50,* *8.7 357.1 16.6 27.7 10.5 60.8 60.9 233.8 23.5 228.5 67.7 53.0 8.9 87.7 70.3 57.0 77.3 16.3 8.8 86.6 76.6 16.6 22.6 125.9 *7.2 70.* 8*9.7 103.8 (£/) 93.* 368.6 . 206.5 - 320.0 39.5 91.6 l*.l 30.* 125.9 *7.6 70.8 8*2.7 102.7 (2/) 95.3 197.3 182.1 3*.l 695.6 266.8 168.7 125.3 110.6 1*7.2 50.* 1*3.8 370.1 . 206.9 319.8 39.1 91.3 13.5 30.1 272.7 38.* 276.3 38.3 1,233.6 1,2*8.3 181.9 183.1 36.2 1951 Aug. 123.0 **.2 71.6 827.6 102.6 130.5 92.8 191.* 18*. 5 35.2 683.3 270.* 168.6 123.6 116.8 1*9.6 50.9 1**.3 367.5 . 207.0 317.3 38.8 92.3 13.3 30.6 27*. 8 37.* 1,23*.8 557.* 559-7 178.3 36.5 552.7 105.3 671.9 51.5 88.7 36.7 105.3 678.0 52.1 88.* 105.9 662.1 36.9 38.3 178.5 575.2 *8.1 18.3 176.8 172.8 57*.2 *8.0 18.3 555.6 *6.9 126.0 191.8 36.2 126.8 163.9 8*.7 191.2 163.1 85.2 19.* 217.5 19.2 217.0 125.1 52.7 88.6 18.2 183.O 16*.3 85.1 216.* 19.0 State Data Table 7: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, by State - Continued (in thousands) Finance 1952 Aug. I July State 20.2 6.2 8.1 Colorado............... * , , Delaware ••• . . . • . •••• *••»« District of Columbia . .5/. • . . Idaho. 1/.................. Illinois............... Indiana ................. 167-7 16.3 (2/) . . ........... JL/ ........ Michigan........... ... . . . . Mississippi.............. Missouri,............ ... Montana................... Nebraska.......... . ..... Nevada . . . . ............. New Hampshire, l/......... New Jersey............... New Mexico, l/...................................... New York................. North Carolina ........... North Dakota . , l/ . . . . . . . Ohio............... .... . South Carolina.......... ... South Dakota , X / .......... ... . . . , Utah . 1 / ....... .. .......... Vermont ................. Virginia. £/...... . , .................... Wisconsin................ looming.......................................................... - 19.1 5.8 57.6 23.1 8.1 159.7 15.7 38.0 - 36.9 *68.9 5*.2 (2/) - 57.0 23.1 36.9 *67.0 5*.l (2/) - 58.6 29.1 8*.* 59.0 100.6 8*.8 3.8 160.5 *0.8 26.3 18.9 15.5 22.1 7.0 33.3 85.5 3*7 156.* 38,9 25 .O 17.3 15.9 21.0 6.9 31.5 82.3 1*.5 358.7 91.* 6*.2 50.7 1*.5 358.8 91.7 6*.* 50.7 38.5 7.7 56.1 *.7 16.9 1.5 *.8 38.* 7.7 56.0 1*5.5 19.8 38.5 * .0 37.9 7.6 55.5 *.* 16.5 1.2 *.7 60.9 60.9 5.3 60.8 k .6 23.8 *08.5 25.1 *.1 *10.3 25.5 *02.8 19.3 15.6 127.1 11.8 10.6 86.* 19.3 15.* 126.9 11.8 10.* *.5 18.6 15.6 121.7 11.2 10.0 *.3 2*.9 91.2 6.9 3.0 28.6 27.* 10.9 35.1 2.2 2*. 8 62.8 6.6 3.0 29.3 27.1 10.7 3*.0 1.9 3.8 160.1 *0.9 26.3 18.9 22.* 7.1 33.* 85.* 23.3 32.2 - 5.3 es. 3 *.6 93.5 6.9 3.0 28.6 27.5 10.8 35.0 2.2 _ *.6 16.9 ?-3 *.0 1/ Bevlsed series; aot strict!y comparable with previously published data, 2/ Wot available. 2/ Mining eonbined with construction. Service 1952 Aug. 1 «uly 23.1 31.7 27.1 25.0 Texas............................................. 16.5 (§/> - 23.3 32.* 29.2 15.6 Maryland . Massachusetts 20.1 6.1 8.1 167.2 1951 Aug. 23.2 3.9 85.5 99.8 60.6 70.7 27.2 78.9 201.0 - 62.1 70.6 27.2 80.0 201.3 «. 99.1 - 99.2 .. 16.0 22.$ 177.8 836.2 88.5 12.6 56.5 50.5 362.9 2*.2 38.5 1*.8 76.8 252.2 21.* 11.8 80.* 85.7 *1.* 95.7 1*.8 5*.8 21.5 35.6 *5*. 9 55.9 81.2 - 59.7 99.5 78.2 15.5 3*5.1 93.5 66.5 *9.7 59.9 71.8 27.3 78.* 198.3 - 97«3 - 1* 5.5 1*1.9 20.0 19.7 38.* 38.6 15.9 1*.* 21.9 22.9 178.6 172.2 23 .* 23.0 8* 1.6 822.3 88.9 87.5 12.8 12.8 - - 1951 Aug. - 56.1 53.6 50.* 50.3 363.2 362/7 23.6 2*.2 38.6 37.0 15.2 1*.9 76.9 77.8 21.* 11.8 21.9 11.7 82.* 250.8 2*2.* 81.3 8*.9 *1.2 9*.9 1*.2 83.8 *0.* 95.* 12.* * / Ni b lag ccablMd Government 1952 1951 Aug. Aug. I July 117.1 37.9 53.3 117.0 37.7 53.0 111.5 37.0 52*9 603.1 627.3 81.7 (2/) 10.9 275.0 125.* 138.5 623.2 81.* (2/) 10.8 275.6 12*.8 137.7 78.0 65.7 10.7 281.2 121.1 133.5 26.5 3*0 .* 1*3.8 99.5 81.8 87.9 102.7 **.7 107.0 233.1 26.3 338.6 1*2.8 98.8 81.1 87.3 102.1 **.* 106.7 231.9 25.6 328.0 1*2.1 97.9 80.5 85.1 100.5 *2.3 103.7 223.5 235.0 120.9 66.7 233.5 120.1 66.3 1*7.* 27.5 62.5 12.1 20.2 189.8 37.6 229.5 118.* 65.7 1*5.3 27.3 61.7 11.9 20.0 709.5 117.6 689.5 116.9 1*8.2 27.7 62.6 12.1 20.3 190.8 37.6 713.7 118.* 31.2 322.3 106.6 66.5 382.5 31.0 182.3 36.3 30.6 321.7 106.2 66.1 312.5 103.5 380.8 65.1 3*.5 71.3 35-9 3*.* 70.9 35.7 372.1 33.1 69.5 35.1 117.3 116.7 317.0 58.5 15.5 118.* 308.* 5*.8 15.2 319.6 58.9 15.6 165.8 1*5.0 56.9 125.1 16.1 16*.9 1**.8 56.6 12*. 2 16.0 159.8 1*3.5 56.* 122.1 16.1 vitl ••rric.e 5/ See footaote 5, table 6, for explanatory note on government. 2 A re a Data Table & Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas (In thousands) Number of Qnployees 1951 193 Area Aug ALABAMA Birmingham Mining.............. July Aug. 1*.9 57.2 5.* 39.8 15.7 56.3 17.2 16.9 13.8 ABIZOHA Phoenix 1/ 88.2 .2 7.* l*.l 10.0 25.5 *.2 10.9 15.9 Tucson l/ Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction.... Manufacturing............ *3.2 1.5 5.1 7.9 5.3 9.3 1.3 5.8 7.0 15.8 82.1 .1 7.9 11.5 8.6 23.7 3.9 10.7 15.7 *3.* 1.8 5.0 7.7 5.5 9.3 1.2 5.9 7.0 37.3 1.7 3.1 5.7 *•9 8.6 1.1 5.7 6.5 88.3 .2 7.3 1*.* 10.0 25.6 *.2 10.8 ARKANSAS Little Bock-B. Little Bock 67.8 7.0 12.8 7.2 16.7 3.7 8.9 11.6 Contract construction.... Manufacturing......... 67.1 6.9 12.6 7.0 16.9 3.7 8.9 11.* 65.5 7.2 12.1 6.8 16.7 3.6 8.6 10.7 CALIFORNIA Fresno 13.7 11.3 12.0 1710.3 167*.8 566.2 1622.0 16.1 107.9 515.5 119.3 375.5 373.* Los Angeles 16.1 Contract construction.... Manufacturing......... Trade............... 8.. footacrtas at .ad of tabl*. 26 102.2 58*.* 12*.0 375.6 16.0 90.* 117.6 -ispg.. 1991 Aug. | July Los Angelaa - Continued Finance.............. Serrice.............. Gorerraent............ Mobile Mining.............. Contract construction.... Number of Employees Area 78.* 77.9 76.5 233.1 196.5 23*.6 225.6 19*.3 189.* Sacra— nto Manufacturing... ..... 13.6 9.7 12.8 San Diego Manufacturing......... 51.* 51.6 *0 .0 San FrancIsco-Oakland Manufacturing........ . <2/> 17*.5 191.1 San Jose Manufaeturing......... 38. k 29.2 39.3 Stockton Manufacturing......... 18.3 13.8 18.1 COLORADO Denver Mining.............. Contract construction.••. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade............... Finance......... .................... 1.3 19.2 **.3 28.2 63.0 11.8 1.3 18.5 *3.5 27.5 62.* 11.9 1.2 21.7 *3.7 26.* 60.9 10.9 COnXKCTICOT Bridgeport Total............... Contract construction 2/. Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util..... Trade............... Finance.............. Serrice....... ....... Ooremnent..... ...... (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) <2/) (1/) 119.* 6.1 69.* 5.* 19.2 2.1 10.1 7.1 11*. 9 5.8 67.* 5.1 17.* 2.2 9.5 7.5 Hartford Total............... Contract construction 2/. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pul». util..... Trade............... Finance.............. Serrice............... GorerxuMnt......... . (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (2/) (2/) 191.6 10.6 7*.9 7.7 37.2 2*.9 19.9 187.8 9.6 76.0 7.3 35.* 23.9 19.5 Mew Britain Total............... Contract construction £/. Manufacturing......... (2/) (3/) (3/) 39.8 1.0 27.2 *1.1 1.1 28.7 16.3 16.2 A re a Data Table 8: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas - Continued (In thousands) Number of Employees Area C01HIXCTICUT - Continued Heir Britain - Continued Trans, and pub. util... Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government............ Hew Haven Total................. Contract construction 2/* Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub* util... Trade....... *........ Finance............... Service.......*........ Government............ Stamford Total................. Contract construction 2/. Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government............ Waterbury Total................. Contract construction 2/. Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade... *............ Finance.*............. Service.*.............. Government............ 1952 ~wr Aug. I July au*. (3/) (2/) (3/) (!/) (3/) 1.7 4.7 .6 2.* 2.1 (2/) 116.0 (3/) (3/> (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (3/) (2/) (3/) (;/) (2/) (2/) (3/} (2/) (3/) (2/) (2/) (3/) (I/) 5.9 **.6 13.0 21.5 5.* 18.0 7.6 *8.7 3.9 22.3 2.6 8.7 1.5 6.5 3.3 60.7 2.5 37.0 2.6 8.7 1.2 *.2 *.6 1.* *.5 .5 2.* 2.5 115.7 6.1 *5.5 13.1 21.0 5.0 17.8 7.3 *7.3 3.7 22.1 2.5 8.2 1.* 6.1 3.3 67.* 2.* **.0 2.6 8.5 1.1 *.2 *.6 DISTRICT OF COLOMBIA Contract construction.*** Trans, and pub. util... Trade....... *....... Service 2/........... FLORIDA Jacksonville Manufacturing......... Trans* and pub* util... 62*.7 *2.8 27.* **.0 120.3 30.8 7*.7 28**7 18*5 1**3 31.8 627.7 42.3 27.4 43.8 122.8 30.7 75-* 285.3 17.9 14.0 31.6 627.5 40.4 26.2 44.1 120.1 30.1 75.7 290.9 18.0 1*.5 30.0 Number of Employees Area Am Jacksonville - Continued Finance.......... Service 2/........... Government........... Miami Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util... Trade................ Finance.............. Service 2/........... Government........... Tampa-St. Petersburg Total................ Contract construction* * Manufactur ing........ Trans, and pub. util*** Trade................ Finance.............. Service 2/........... Government........... GEORGIA Atlanta Total................ Contract construction** Manufacturing....***** Trans, and pub. util**. Trade.......... *.... Finance.............. Service 2/........ *** Government........... Savannah Total................ Contract construction** Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub* util*.* Trade................ Finance.......... . Service 2/........... Government........... jp. July M 6.2 12*0 15.0 6.1 12.0 15.* 5.9 11.7 1*.9 15.6 23.8 15.8 23.6 50.2 22.* 50.* 8.9 31.3 17.6 105.5 11.0 20.0 10*7 32.9 *•5 13.9 8.9 31.6 17.5 105.9 11.1 20.0 10.8 13.* *7.* 8.3 28.7 16.6 10*.* 12.0 19.6 10.3 32.1 12.6 33.1 *.* 1*.* 12*7 27*.* 273.6 69.1 31.7 75.9 31.7 75.5 75.2 32*3 31.3 31.* 31.3 *9*8 V.3 1**9 7.* 11.3 1.7 5.5 M *9.3 *6.* 2.7 20*3 1.9 1.7 2*7 20*3 1.9 1.7 2*7 19.8 2*1 2*9 3.7 2*9 3.8 2*9 3.* 16.0 18.1 17.0 67.* 18.0 32*6 *.1 1*.8 7.2 11.3 1.7 5.5 *.7 *.* 13.6 12.5 273.5 19.5 66.9 31.2 16.8 32.6 1**2 7.* 10.* 1.* 5.6 *.7 IDAHO BoIb. \j Total.•*•••••••••*••••« Contract construction*• Manufacturing........ Trans* and pub* util..* Trade. ......... . Finance.............. Service.............. Government.... *...... 6*2 1*2 6*1 1*2 1.5 2*7 6*1 1*1 See footnotes at end of table 27 A re a Data Table & Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas - Continued (in thousands) Number of Employees Number of Employees Area 1952 Au*. ILLBrOIS Daynport-Bock Island’ Moline Manufacturing...... July 1951 Area Aug. Wichita - Continued 39.3 39.3 **.0 Peoria Manufacturing.... 35.3 *5.6 26.1 Rockford Manufacturing....... *0,7 *0.0 39.6 Wev Orleans Total............... Manufacturing......... ffonnemufacturing,..... 67.* 36.8 30.6 6*.7 3*.2 30.* 60.7 29.9 30.8 Total............... Manufacturing....... *... Borwanufacturing....... 77.* 37.2 *0.2 72.5 32,* *o. L 80.6 39.7 *0.9 Trans, and pub. util.... Indianapolis Total........... ...... Contract construction...• Manufacturing... ....... Trane. and pub. util...». Trade... .......... *. Finance............. Other ncpuianufacturing... 27*.* 12.2 108.* 267.6 12.0 63.0 1*.6 61.7 1*.6 *9.7 26.0 50.1 103.2 26.6 275.* 15.9 112.9 25.9 60.3 1*.3 *6.1 Oovernnent.............. 20.9 21.0 Contract construction..•. Trans, and pub. util.... 21.1 Wichita Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction.... Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... See footnotes at end of table 28 23.5 *.0 10.7 7.8 23.2 3.8 10.2 7.3 18.8 1.5 18.9 1.5 18.1 1.5 50.8 *9.5 *6,8 29.1 1.1 16.* 1.2 5.1 .6 3.6 1.1 2S.* 28.5 1.2 15.7 1.2 5.2 .6 3.6 1.0 *9.7 2.6 13.2 6.0 13.9 3.1 7.5 3.* *9.6 2.6 13.1 6.0 1*.0 3.0 7.5 3.* *9.8 3.2 12.7 5.9 530.7 .* *0.9 195.5 56.1 99.2 503.5 .* *1.9 172.0 ;..l 1!>.8 1,2 5.0 .6 3.6 1.1 l*.l 2.9 7.6 3.* MABYLAJ® Baltimore EAJSAS Topeka Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction. ... Manufacturing*........ Trans, and pub. util*.... Trade............... Finance........ ...... Serrice.............. Oovernnent........... *.0 10.6 7.8 Portland IWk Be8 Moines Manufacturing. 23.6 MAHX Leviston Contract construction.... Fort Wayne l/ 1951 Aug. LOOTSIAHA Baton Rouge HCDIAKA Evansville 1952 Aug. 1 July **.7 .2 3.8 5.3 7.9 9.3 2.2 *.8 11.3 **.* .2 3.2 5.* 7.9 9.* 2.2 *.8 11.* *3.1 .2 3.0 5.3 8.3 9.0 2.0 *.7 10.8 117.2 116.* 2.0 5.2 57.1 7.1 2.0 5.2 56.3 7.1 106.6 2.1 6.6 *6.6 6.9 Mining................. Contract construction.... Finance................ MASSACHUSETTS Boston 25.8 99.5 25.7 55.3 57.5 57.* 526.1 .6 39.0 195.9 5*.9 100.* 2*. 6 5*.9 55.8 310.2 305.5 306.2 2«.* 26.7 29.* 50.6 56.0 Fall River A re a Data Table & Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas - Continued (In thousands) Number of Employees 1952 1951 Aug. Aug. July Area MASSACHUSETTS - Continued Weir Bedford Manufacturing........ , 31.3 Springfield-Holyoke Manufacturing........ . 7*.* 30.8 71.* 3*.7 Area Kansas City - Continued Contract construction.... Manufacturing.......... 53.9 MICHIGAI Detroit Manufacturing........ . 53.2 76.6 280.9 271.8 276.9 2.9 2.7 5.* 3.0 2.9 2.7 5.* 3.0 2.9 2.8 5.5 3.1 1*2.* 8.8 1*2.8 8.8 32.5 1*0.1 8.0 31.1 38.6 55.2 (3/) 578.3 627.6 MQRTAXA Great Falls ManufacturIng.......... *1.6 2.0 10.5 7.5 10.5 1.* 5.7 3.9 35.* 1.9 6.5 6.0 10.1 1.* 5.7 3.9 *1.2 2.2 10.2 7.5 10.5 1.* 5.3 *.1 Service */............. HEBBASK* Omaha Contract construction.... St. Paul Total..... Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util..* Trade................ Finance.............. Service 2/...................... Government..»......... 2*. 8 102.0 **.5 98.* 20.2 38.9 29.5 St. Louis MUmSSOTA Duluth Total.............. Contract construction.. Manufacturing....... . Trans. and pub. util..* Trade................ Finance.............. Service 2/...................... Government.... ...... . Minneapolis Total,............. . Contract construction.» Manufacturing........ Trans* and pub. util... Trade................ Finance....... •. *.... Serrice 2 / . . . . . . . . . . . . . (km»rnnent...... ...... 30.1 19.2 97.9 *3.* 97.2 19.7 38.7 30.1 18.8 107.6 *3.* 96.9 19.7 Service............... Worcester Manufacturing........ Number of Employees 1952 1951 Aug. I July Aug. 262.2 261.0 1*.7 7*.8 1*,3 7*.2 26.9 7*.9 17.5 27.6 7*. 8 17.6 28.* 2*.* 28.6 2*.5 1*3.7 7-3 *0.3 21.1 3*.0 9.1 15.5 16.5 1**.* 7.2 *1.1 20.9 3*.2 9.0 15.3 16.5 259.6 16.6 72.0 26.8 75.0 17.3 28.6 23.3 1**.* 7.8 *1.9 20.9 3**3 8.8 1*.5 16.1 Trans, and pub. util... Finance................ Service 2/............ Government............. HEVAJDA Reno Contract construction.... Manufacturing 2/....... Trans, and pub. util... Finance............ . 32.1 2*.0 35.* 10.3 17.5 l*.6 23.8 1*.6 10.1 17.5 l*.l 1.8 2.2 3.0 6.0 .7 6.0 1.9 2.2 3.0 5.8 .7 6.0 1.6 1.7 3.2 5.6 .6 5.* *0.5 1.3 21.0 2.* 7.2 1.7 *.3 2.6 *0.0 1.* 20.3 2.* 7.3 1.7 *.2 2.7 *0.5 1.5 21.0 2.3 7.2 1.6 *.3 2.6 35.* 10.3 17.6 23.2 36.2 ME* HAMPSHIRE Manchester l/ MISSISSIPPI Jackson Manufacturing........ Contract construction.... 8.3 8.3 7.9 Trans, and pub. util... MISSOURI ganaas City Total................ Mining........... . 355.6 .5 3*6.7 .5 359.1 .8 Service............... Government............ See footnotes at end of table. 29 A re a Data Table 8: Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas - Continued (in thousands) Number o f Em ployees 1952 Area Aug. IEW JERSEY Wevark-Jersey City 2/ Manufacturing...... Paterson 2/ Manufacturing........ July 1951 Aug, 358.3 351.9 362.1 170.5 16*.6 163.I 7^.8 73.6 76.1 Area Number of Employees 1952 1951 Aug. | July | Aug Tork City 5/ - Con Finance......... Serrice. .......... , Cknremnent........ 55*.3 *19.6 3*1.2 558.1 *17.1 539.3 *0*.9 Rochester Manufacturing......, 109.5 108.9 108.5 60.6 56.5 58.8 Syracuse Manufacturing...... 339.3 336.1 Trenton *3.5 WWW MEXICO Albuquerque 1/ Total................. Contract construction.... 50.0 *•7 8.2 5.2 12.9 3.0 6.8 9.2 Trans, and pub. util... XRT YORK Albany-Schenectady-Troy Manufacturing........ Binghamton Manufacturing........ Buffalo Manufacturing........ 8.0 5.3 12.6 2.9 6.8 9.3 kl.k *5.0 k6 .9 WORTH CAROUBA Charlotte Contract construction Manufacturing... ... Trans, and pub. util., Trade............ Finance.......... . 21.6 11.0 23.6 *.9 m (3/) 21.5 11.1 2 3.k (2/) 21.9 10.8 22.6 5.0 k.6 W0ERTH DAKOTA Fargo Manufacturing..... Trans, and pub. util., Trade............ . Finance.......... , Serrice.......... . Goremnent........ 2.2 2.3 7.1 1.1 2.6 2.6 2.0 2.3 7.0 1.2 2.6 2.6 135.3 !>.9 10.2 15.2 11.8 35.9 13*.6 133.5 5.9 10.2 6.k 6.k 16.1 3*.0 15.9 33.9 5.9 11.9 15.2 11.* 35.1 7.0 1k.6 32.6 10*. 3 103.2 8.9 6.5 26.7 12.7 26.5 8.9 6.5 25.5 12.7 26.* *.8 3.1 39.6 39.2 39.2 16.* 85.7 17.2 70.2 1789.3 1711.1 17**.5 3613.7 3567.9 103.* 10*2.2 103.3 980.9 3576.2 1.8 121.6 811.5 885-0 1.8 3*1.6 1.8 3*0.6 k6.k *6.3 5.* 6.7 5.1 12.2 2.3 6.6 8.0 87.1 86.6 See footnotes at end of table. 30 k.6 Utica-Bcie Manufacturing..... . Westchester County 5/ Manufacturing... 88.5 16.0 Wassau and Suffolk Counties 5/ Manufacturing........ lew York City 5/ Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction. • Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util... Trade............... *9.5 *3.0 20s.1 177.5 202.7 Ilmira Manufacturing........ Weir Tork-Northeastern Wev Jersey Manufacturing........ 39.3 1015.2 3*0.8 816.3 OKLAHOMA Oklahoma City Total............ Mining............ Contract construction. Manufacturing..... . Trans, and pub. util., Trade............ . Finance.......... . Serrice.......... , GoTenUDBDt. .......................... , Tulsa Total...... ..... . Mining........... . Contract construction, Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util., Trade............ . Finance.......... . 2.1 2 .k 7.2 1.2 2.6 2.6 k.S 15.0 11.7 35.8 98.8 9.7 6.9 22.3 12.0 25.6 k.6 Area Data Table S.- Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas - Continued (in thousands) Number of Employees Number of Employees T952----- 1 1551’ Area 12.5 5.7 Government............ GRXGOV Portland Contract construction.... 16.7 66.1 32.2 60.8 Trans, and pub. util... Trade................. PKMXSTLTAMIA A1lentown-BethlehemSaston Manufacturing.......... 102.0 Krle *3.5 Manufacturing.......... Harrisburg Manufacturing.......... 12.7 5.7 12.2 5.7 16.1 16.1 62.7 31.* 60.* 63.2 31.3 60.9 80.8 **.0 | July Aug. 11.7 22.6 11.7 22.0 30.1 11.2 22.* 28.8 SOOTH CAKOLIMA Charleston Contract construction ManufacturIng...... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............. Finance............ 3.0 8.9 *.* 10.7 1.* 3.0 8.8 *.3 10.7 1.* 3.1 8.5 *.3 10.3 1.3 Columbia Manufacturing...... 7.9 7.9 7.9 Greenville Manufacturing...... 28.5 28.1 28.* SOUTH DAKOTA Sioux Falls Manufacturing...... Trade............. Finance............ Service 6/......... 5.3 7.0 1.3 6.7 5.3 6.9 1.3 6.7 5.5 7.2 1.2 6.7 TEHKSSB Chattanooga Mining............ Manufacturing..... Trans, and pub. util Trade............ Finance........... Service........... Government........ Pittsburgh Mining................ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util... .2 *2.8 *.8 16.7 3.1 9.7 7.9 .2 *2.6 *.8 .2 *1.9 *.9 31.6 35.2 *3.2 *2.6 *3.0 586.1 572.3 573.2 11.3 2*2.8 32.* 376.* 76.1 3*8.0 72.9 29.3 Beading Manufacturing.......... 51.5 Scranton Manufacturing.......... 30.7 69.2 3.1 9.7 7.9 2.9 9.6 7.8 Baoxvlllo Mining............ Manufacturing..... Trans, and pub. util Trade............ Finance........... Service........... Government........ 29.5 28.3 50.2 55.0 29-7 2.8 **.1 7.1 21.1 3.7 9.5 12.8 2.8 *3.5 21.0 3.7 9.6 12.8 2.7 *2.2 7.0 20.9 3.7 9.5 12.9 .* *1.7 15.1 *8.5 8.1 22.* 21.6 .* 38.* 15.3 *8.5 8.1 22.2 21.5 .* *2.0 15.* *6.8 7.7 22.5 19.8 30.2 *9.9 37.6 31.0 Providence - Continued finance............ Service 2/......... Government......... 103.1 Lancaster Philadelphia ManufacturIng.......... 1951 Aug. Aug. OKLAHOMA - Continued Tulsa - Continued 1952 Area 29.0 V 1Ikes-Barre — Hazleton 39.6 38.* 38.3 *5.6 **.0 *5.5 York 16.8 7.1 16.8 Memphis HHGDS ISLA1D Providence Total................. Contract construction.... Trans, and pub. util... Mining............ 293.0 17.1 1*7.1 15.1 *9.2 288.* 17.5 1*2.2 15.1 *9.8 288.7 1*.* 1*6.6 15.0 50.3 Manufacturing..... Trans, and pub. util Trade............ Finance........... Service........... Government........ See footnotes at end. of table. 31 Area Data Table ft Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas - Continued (in thousands) Number o f Employees A rea July TKMSSEZ - Continued ■ashvllle Manufacturing........ Trans, aad pub. util.... Trade.............. Finance............ Service............ Government.......... UTAH Salt Lrve City l/ Mining............. Contract construction... ManufacturIng........ Trans, and pub. util. jJ Trade.............. Finance............ Service............ ▼*EM0*T Burlington Total.............. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.............. Service............ Other nonnanufacturlng.. Springfield Total.............. ManufacturIng........ Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.............. Service............ Other nonnanufacturlng.. WASiraroToii Seattle Total............. Contract construction.< Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util... Trade............ . Number of Bnployees Area 3*.0 12.2 2*. 1 6.9 13.9 13.5 6.5 7.* 33.5 12.1 23.8 6.8 1*.0 13.6 6.* 7.7 15.6 15.6 8.2 8.1 29.8 5.2 13.1 30.0 5.2 13-1 16.7 5.6 1.2 *.5 2.1 3.3 16.8 5.6 1.2 *.5 2.1 3.* Aug. 33.8 11.* 23.5 6.* l*.l 13.1 5.9 8.3 1*.7 7.* 28.5 5.0 13.3 17.0 6.1 1.2 *.* 2c 1 3.2 10.5 7.7 .2 .9 .5 1.1 10.3 7.6 .2 .9 .5 1.1 9.8 7.1 .2 .9 .5 1.0 276.5 13.7 77.3 28.7 69.* 272.3 272.1 l*.l 73.2 Seattle - Continued Finance.......... . Service 2/......... Government......... Spokane Total........... . Contract construction, Manufacturing..... . Trans, and pub. util., Trade........... . Finance.......... . Service 2/......... Government......... Tacoma Total........... . Contract construction. Manufacturing..... . Trans, and pub. util., Trade........... . Finance.......... . Service 2/........ Government........, 1951 July 1*.9 3*.* 38.1 1*.9 3*.6 38.2 1*.9 35.0 38.* 68.7 *.5 1*.9 10.8 68.* 69.3 5.7 1*.2 11.1 18.3 2.9 9.5 7.7 18.0 3.0 9.6 7.9 70.8 k.6 1*.7 10.7 17.9 2.9 9.7 7.9 69.0 *.3 17.9 6.3 Ik. 3 2.6 6.9 7*. 5 16.7 19.6 6.* 15.2 2.* 7.9 18.* 19.2 *.5 28.1 9.1 16.* 2.9 7.1 9.0 95.2 18.3 *.* 28.1 9.0 16.6 2.9 7.1 8.9 98.* 21.3 3.9 28.9 9.2 16.7 2.8 7.0 8.8 Milwaukee Manufacturing..... 186.2 186.3 198.9 Baclne Manufacturing..... 22.9 2*.l 2*.5 wist t h w h i a Charleston Total........... Mining........... Contract construction, Manufacturing..... Trans, and pub. util. Trade........... Finance.......... Service.......... Government........ *.1 19.7 6.* l*.3 2.6 7.1 16.6 96.1 k.6 viscdsn 13.8 7*.0 27.6 69.2 28.6 67.9 1/ Bevised series; not strletly comparable irith previously published data. 2/ Includes mining. 3/ Mot available. kj Includes mining and finance. 2/ Subarea of lev Tork-Mortheastem M r Jersey. 6/ Inoludes transportation and public utilities, and government, j/ Xxcludes Interstate railroads. 32 1952 Aug Women in Industry Table 9: Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of Total Employment in Manufacturing Industries June 1952 In d u stry group and in d u stry Number March 1952 Per cent ( thousands) Number June 1951 Per cent Number Per cent ( thousands) (thousands) MANUFACTURING.................... *,079*7 26 *,123.7 26 *,1 13 .0 26 DURABLE GOODS................... NONDURABLE QOODS................ 1,575-7 2,50*.0 18 37 1,580.7 2,5*3.0 17 37 1,5*7.0 2,566.0 17 37 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES......... 21.7 27 20.7 28 9.9 2* FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS........ 369.3 2* 339.0 2* 370.2 2* 64.3 33.* 71.7 22 22 *0 63.6 28.* 21 21 22 21 21.8 16 2* 65.3 32.6 70.* 21.* 70 .8 3.3 70.9 3.2 11 *6 .7 21.7 69.2 3.1 36 17 2* 12 39 17 25 11 C onfection ery and re la te d 10 28 *8.8 19.1 38.5 5* 28 *9.6 20.3 36.* 51.2 60 51.* 60 *9 .* 60 12.1 ** 78 *3 11.6 32.7 5.1 28 2.0 ** 78 *3 38 11.5 31.5 5.1 1.3 *5 78 *3 31 *5.7 20.2 38.1 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES............ 32.9 5.0 1.2 TEXT 1LE-M1LL PRODUCTS........... 52 9 53 8 28 509.9 *3 520.1 *3 560.7 *3 72.7 210.7 15*.* 18.7 *6 72 .8 215.2 152.8 19.9 *6 78 .2 2*6 .1 155.* 20.* *6 *0 66 39 67 22 39 67 22 23 Carpets, rugs, other flo o r APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS...................... Men'8 and boys' s u it s and c o a t s .•• Men's and boys' fu rn is h in g s and 21 8.7 **.7 12.7 *6 .7 2* 36 36 13.3 *7.3 2* 36 831.2 76 89*.3 76 8*9.8 76 79.9 60 85.8 61 93.3 62 2 17.0 223.8 8* 78 215.8 26*.9 8* 77 222.8 85 77 88.9 10.7 58.2 88 66 86 90.5 18.9 60.2 88 8* .7 11.1 87 73 86 55.0 85 6* .3 72 63.9 72 69.6 71 88.* 6* 9*.3 65 89.5 6* 223.8 Women's, c h ild r e n 's under M illin e r y ............................................... 66 Fur goods and m iscella n eo u s Other fa b ric a te d t e x t ile Women in Industry Table 9: Number of Women Employees and Women at a Percent of Total Employment in Manufacturing Industries • Continued June 1952 In d u s try group and in d u stry Number March 1952 Per cent ( thousands) (thousands) LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS Number June 195;1 Per cent Number Per cent ( thousands) (EXCEPT FURNI T U R E ) ................................ 53.2 7 51.8 7 57.1 7 1.2 17.2 2 k 1.5 20.0 1* 1.2 2 17.8 1* 8.9 13*8 11.5 8 18 2 M illw o rk, plywood, and p re fa b ric a te d FURNITURE AND F I X T U R E S .................. PAPER AND ALLIED P R O D UCTS............... Pulp, paper, and paperboard m ills* .* * PRINTING, 8.2 8 9.8 8 18 11*.1 19 13.3 11.9 20 11.7 17 19 60.0 18 61.1 18 57.5 17 1*0.3 17 19 1*1.1* 17 38.0 17 19.7 19.7 18 19.5 18 109.8 23 108.5 23 H7.9 2k 26.1 11 26.5 11 31 1*0 39.1* 1*2.6 11 31 39 27.6 1*0.5 1*3.2 1*1*.5 1*5.8 33 ko 211.6 28 209.1 27 209*2 27 55.1 20.0 23.7 53.1 11*1 18 37 1*6 5l*.6 20.1* 18 53.9 18.3 18 23*2 38 l*-5 26 PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIE S...... . ....................... 1*2 55.1 11*9 1*8.3 35 M* 27 29 1*3 11*3.2 19 139.2 19 9 7-8 16 31*.2 1*7.0 7.3 3l*.8 9 15 1*1*.9 10.7 1.8 3.3 1*2 26 53.2 H.5 29 1*8.6 28 1*3 1*6.2 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PROD U C T S .......... 11*6.1 20 1*3 15 Vegetable and animal o i l s and f a t s . . . 7.9 35.3 1*7.8 11.1 2.0 3.8 21.7 6 11.1 2.1 9 3.9 9 15 1*3 15 5 7 38.2 23 37.1 22 36.1* 22 l€*i* 6 15.5 6 13.1 5 13 A .3 6 12.6 6 10.3 2 .1* 2 .1* 5 2 2*7 9 2*5 9 2.1* 8 11* 6 7 Other chem icals and a l l ie d O t h « r petroleum and c o a l 34 Women in Industry Table 9: Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of Total Employment in Manufacturing Industries - Continued March 1952 June 1952 In d u stry group and in d u stry Number Per cent ( thousands) RUBBER PRODUCTS................... STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS..... ( thousands) Number Per cent ( thousands) 28 27 73.7 27 75.6 18 18 50 31 18 15.8 3 6 .7 21.3 1*.9 37.5 20.1 50 31 39.7 51 31 185.8 *9 188.2 *9 180,9 *7 5.7 134.0 13 55 13 46.1 52 5.6 13*. 1 *8.5 55 52 5.7 129.9 *5.3 12 53 50 90.6 17 88.7 17 96,6 17 37.2 1.0 8,* 19.2 26 35.3 1.1 8.5 38.9 1.1 9.0 21.* 26 19.8 25 3 10 37 5.0 19.8 5 19 *.5 19.5 5 18 *•7 21.5 5 18 71.1 8 80.3 6 76.* 6 13.9 1*.* 6 5 25 .O 13.1 * 5 22.3 12,3 3 * 1,6 3 1.* 3 1.* 2 11.8 15.5 13.9 12 1* 11 11.8 1*.3 1*,7 12 13 10 11.7 1*.9 13.8 12 1* 18*. 2 19 185.9 19 195.* 19 13.5 28 12.3 27 13.2 27 *0,6 28 *1,7 28 **,9 28 18.7 13 18.7 13 21.2 13 17.5 8 17.8 7 16.1 7 38.7 55.2 22 37.3 25 58.1 22 25 *2,3 57.7 23 2* 72,7 21.* 1k.6 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS....... Number June 1951 Per cent 3 9 36 3 10 36 Concrete, gypsum, and p la s t e r Other stone, cla y , g la ss p ro d u c ts .•• PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES........... B la s t fu rn aces, s t e e l works, and r o llin g m i l l s ......................................... Prim ary sm elting and r e f in in g o f R o llin g , drawing, and a llo y in g o f Nonferrous fo u n d rie s ............................. Other prim ary metal in d u s t r i e s . , . . , . FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)......... T in cans and other t in w a r e . . , ............ C u tle ry , hand to o ls, and Heating apparatus (except e l e c t r ic ) and plum bers' s u p p lie s .,, Fab rica te d s t r u c t u r a l metal 9 H etal stamping, coating, and Other fa b ric a te d metal p ro d u c ts ,, , , , 35 Women in Industry Table 9: Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of Total Employment in Manufacturing Industries - Continued Industry group and industry Number Per cent (thousands) MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)...... June 1951 March 1952 June 1952 Number Per cent (thousands) Number Percent (thousands) 231.6 Ik 233.9 14 228.6 1* 13.7 13 13.0 13 12.2 13 18.6 19.2 Agricultural machinery and Construction and mining machinery.•• 10.7 *1.3 10 8 10.5 10 8 19.0 10.1 10 8 13 kl.3 13 39-* 13 20.9 32.* 11 21.0 33.2 11 1* 21.8 Ik 32.5 11 1* 30.2 28 30.6 28 29.4 28 25.2 38.6 15 19 26.5 38.6 15 19 25.6 38.6 15 19 356.9 37 365.7 38 349-9 38 105.9 28 179.7 31 *9 109.0 25 .4 183.3 29 31 50 110.6 25.0 160.0 29 32 *9 *6.3 35 48.0 35 53.4 36 214.7 13 201.7 13 183-7 12 Special-industry machinery (except Office and store machines and Service-industry and household ELECTRICAL MACHINERY............... Electrical generating, transmis sion, distribution, and indusElectrical equipment for vehicles... 25.9 Electrical appliances, lamps, and TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT........... 90.3 11 82.6 11 98.1 11 113.0 19 108.4 19 76.3 17 *.7 5.1 1.7 3 7 15 *.3 *.9 1.5 3 3 Ik 3.5 4.3 1.5 Ik 112.4 35 111.5 35 104.7 35 11.5 20.3 k2 12.0 18.1 20.1 19.6 19.9 *3 30 55 11 .-9 31 56 18.4 *3 30 5* 60.5 31 60.0 31 56.3 32 179.3 39 179A 39 187.2 39 39 kk 19.4 35.3 52 28.2 39 *7 52 35 104.3 35 Ship and boat building and INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS... 6 6 Professional and scientific MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES....................... Jewelry, silverware, and plated Toys and sporting goods............. Costume jewelry, buttons, notions... 16.2 37 35** 25.9 k6 51 17.7 30.6 27.9 101.8 35 103.2 Other miscellaneous manufacturing 36 Explanatory Notes Section A. Purpose and Scope of the BLS Employment S ta tis tic s Program - Employment statistics for nonfarm industries presented in this monthly Report are part of the broad program of the Bureau of Labor Statistics to provide timely, comprehensive, accurate and detailed infor mation for the use of businessmen, government officials, legislators, labor unions, research workers and the general public* Current employment statistics furnish a basic Indicator of changes in economic activity in various sectors of the economy and are videly used in following business developments and in making decisions in fields of marketing, personnel, plant location and government policy. The BLS employment statistics pro gram, providing data used in makiiig official Indexes of production, productivity and national Income, forms an important part of the Federal statistical system. The BLS publishes monthly the national total of employees in nonagricultural establishments, giving totals by 8 major industrial groups: manufacturing, mining, contract construction, transportation and public utilities, trade, finance, service, and government. Series on "all employees" and "production and related workers" are presented for the du rable goods and nondurable goods subdivisions of manufacturing, 21 major industry groups in manufacturing, over 100 separate manufacturing indus tries; all employees and production workers are presented also for selected mining industries. "All employees" only are published for over M5 industry groups in contract construction, transportation and public utilities, trade, finance, service, and government. Statistics on the number and proportion of women employees in manufacturing Industries are published quarterly. In addition, the Bureau of Labor Statistics pub lishes monthly employment data by industry division for State and local areas, compiled by cooperating State agencies. Current national, state, and area statistics are published monthly in the Employment and Payrolls Report. Employment date, for thirteen months are presented in the Current Statistics Section of each issue of the Monthly Labor Beview. Historical, data are also presented in the BLS Handbook of Labor Statistics (1950 edition). Summary tables shoving national data for prior months and years may be obtained by writing to the BI£ Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics. Similar Information is available for States and areas. A detailed expla nation of the technique of preparing employment statistics is presented 1m the Monthly Labor Bevlev, January 1950 and In BLS Bulletin Vo. 993# Techniques of Preparing Major BLS Statistical Series. 37 Section B. Definition of Employment - BLS employment statistics represent the number of persons employed in establishments in nonagrieultural Industries in the continen tal United States during a specified payroll period. Employment data for nongovernmental establishments refer to persons vho worked during, or re ceived pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Current data for Federal government establishments generally refer to persons vho worked during, or received pay for, any part of the last pay period of the previous month; for state and local government, persons vho received pay for any part of the pay period ending on, or immediately prior tOf the last day of the current month. Employed persons include those vho are working full- or parttime, on a temporary or permanent basis. Persons on establishment payrolls vho axe on paid sick-leave, paid holiday or paid vacation, or vho work during a part of a specified pay period and are unemployed or on strike during the other part of the period are considered employed. Persons on the payroll of moire than one establishment during the pay period are counted each time reported. On the other hand, persons vho cure laid off or are on leave without pay, vho are on strike for the entire pay period, or vho are hired but do not report to work during the pay period are not considered employed. Since proprietors, self-employed persons, and unpaid family vorkers do not have the status of "employee", they are not covered by BLS reports. Persons working as farm vorkers or as domes tic vorkers in households are not within the scope of data for aomagricultural establishments. Government employment statistics refer to civilian employees only and hence exclude members of the Armed Forces. Section C. Method of Preparing Employment Series - The BLS prepares monthly employment figures from statistical reports voluntarily furnished by a group of establishments and from indus try benchmark data, i.e. a complete count of employees generally compiled from establishment reports required in the administration of the unemploy ment Insurance and old age and survivors Insurance programs. Based on establishment reports, employment statistics are prepared for numerous in dustry classifications. Monthly employment data for each Industry are collected and prepared from these sources according to the methods out lined in the following sections. Section D. Collection of Establishment Reports - The BUS, vith the cooperation of State agencies, collects current employment information for most industries by means of question naires (BLS 790 Forms) mailed monthly to Individual establishments. State agencies mall most of the forms and vhen returned, examine them for 38 Section D. Collection of Establishment Reports (Continued) - consistency, accuracy and completeness. States use the Information to prepare State and area series and send the schedules to the BLS Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics for use in preparing the national series. Each questionnaire provides space for reporting data for December of the previous year and each month of the calendar year j the same form is returned each month to the reporting establishment to be completed. Definitions of terms sure described in detail in the instructions on each form. This type of "shuttle" schedule is designed to assist firms to re port consistently, accurately and with a minimum of cost. An establishment is defined as a single physical location, such as a factory, mine, or store where business is conducted. In the case of a c o m p a n y vith several plants or establishments, the BLS endeavors to obtain separate re ports from each business unit which maintains separate payroll records since each may be classified In a different industry. Section E. Coverage of Establishment Reports - The Bureau of Labor Statistics obtains monthly reports from approximately 150,000 establishments, distributed by industry as shown by the table belov. The table also shovs the approximate proportion of total employment in each Industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the divisions may vary from the proportions shown. APPROXIMATE SIZE AMD COVERAGE OF MONTHLY SAMPLE USED IN BLS EMPLOYMENT AMD PAYROLL STATISTICS Division or industry Mining Contract construction Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities: Interstate railroads (ICC) Other transportation and public utilities (BLS) Trade Finance Service: Hotels Laundries and cleaning and dyeing plants Government: Federal (Civil Service Commission) State and local (Bureau of Census quarterly) Employees : Number : of Number in ::Percent sample :of total :establishments 19,500 1*2,000 502,000 776,000 10,660,000 55 — 1,1*06,000 96 13,000 58,500 9,200 i,3ta,ooo 1,765,000 1*39,000 h9 1,300 139,000 29 2,200 99,000 19 2,336,000 100 2, 61*5,000 65 3 >300 — 28 66 18 23 39 Section F. Classification of Establishments Reports - To present meaningful tabulations of employment data, establishments axe classified Into Industries an the basis of the principal product or activity determined from Information on annna.1 sales volume for a recent year. In the case of an establishment making more than one product, the entire employment of the plant is Included under the industry indicated by the most important product. The titles and descriptions of Industries presented In the 19^5 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, Vol. I: (U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Washington, D. C.) are used for classifying re ports from manufacturing establishments; the 19^2 Industrial Classification Code, (U. S. Social Security Board) for reports from ncnmanufacturing estab lishments . Section G. Benchmark Data Basic sources of benchmark information are periodic tabulations of employment data, by Industry, compiled by State agencies from reports of establishments covered under State unemployment insurance lavs. Supplementary tabulations prepared by the U. S. Bureau of Old Age and Survivors Insurance are used for the group of establishments exempt from State unemployment insurance lavs because of their small size. For Indus tries not covered by either of the tvo programs, benchmarks axe compiled from special establishment censuses: for example, for interstate railroads, from establishment data reported to the ICC; for State and local government, from data reported to the Bureau of the Census; for the Federal government, from agency data compiled by the Civil Service Commission. Establishments axe classified into the same Industrial groupings for benchmark purposes as they are for monthly reporting. Section H. Estimating Method The estimating procedure for industries for which data on both all employees and production and related workers are published (i.e. manufac turing and selected mining industries) is outlined below; substantially the same method is used for Industries for which only figures on either all em ployees or production workers are published. The first step is to determine total productian-vorker employment In the industry in the benchmark period since neither of the social Insurance programs furnishes benchmark data for production workers. The all employee benchmark figure is multiplied by the ratio of the number of production vorkers to all employees. The ratio is computed from establishment reports which show data for both items for the benchmark period. Thus, if 75 firms report in the benchmark period 25,000 production vorkers and an all-employee total of 31,250, the production vorker - all employee ratio would be .80, (25,000 divided by 31,250). If the all-employee benchmark is 50,000, the productian-vorker total in the benchmark period vould be .80 times 50,000 or 0 000 ^, . 4.0 Section H. Estimating Method (Continued) - The second step is to compute the total production-vorker employment in the month folloving the benchmark period. The productlanworker total for the benchmark period is multiplied by the percent change over the nonth in production-worker employment in a group of establishments reporting in both mouths. Thus, if firms in the BLS sample report employment of 30,000 production workers in March and 31,200 in April, the percentage in crease would be 1* percent (1,200 divided by 30,000). The production-worker total in April would be 10k percent of 1*0,000, the production-worker total in March, the benchmark month, or 1*1,600. The third step is to compute the all-employee total for the industry in the month following the benchmark period. The production-worker total for the month is divided by the ratio of production workers to all em ployees. This ratio is computed from establishment reports for the month showing data for both items. Thus, if these firms in April report 21*,000 production workers and a total of 29,600 employees, the ratio of production workers to all employees would be .81 (2l*,000 divided by 29,600). The allenrployee total in April would be 51,358, (1|-1,600 divided by .81). Figures for subsequent months are confuted by carrying forward the totals for the previous month according to the method described above. When annual benchmark data become available, the BLS enployment figures for the benchmark period are compared with the total count. If differences are found, the BLS series are adjusted to agree with the benchmark count. Section I. Comparability with other Employment Estimates - Data published by other government and private agencies differ from BI£ employment statistics because of differences in definition, sources of information, and methods of collection, classification and estimation. BIB monthly figures are not comparable, for example, with the estimates of the Bureau of the Census Monthly Report on the Labor Force. Census data are obtained by personal interviews with individual members of a sample of house holds and are designed to provide information on the work status of the whole population, classified into broad social and economic groups. The BLS, on the other hand, obtains by mall questionnaire data on employees, based on payroll records of business units and prepares detailed statistics on the in dustrial and geographic distribution of employment and on hours of work and earnings. Employment estimates derived by tne Bureau of the Census from its quinquennial census and annual sample surveys of manufacturing establishments also differ from BLS employment statistics. Among the important reasons for disagreement are differences in industries covered, in the business units considered parts of an establishment, and in the industrial classification of establishments. 4-1 Section J. Employment Statistics for States and Areas State and area employment statistics are collected and prepared by State agencies In cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The names and addresses of these agencies are listed on the last page of the Report, St&te agencies use the same basic schedule as the Bureau of Labor Statistics in collecting employment statistics. State series are adjusted to benchmark data from State unemployment Insurance agencies and the Bureau of Old Age and Survivors Insurance. Because some States hare more recent bench marks than others and use slightly -varying methods of computation, the sum of the State figures differs from the official U. S. totals prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. State and area data in greater industry detail and for earlier periods may be secured directly upon request to the appropri ate State agency or to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 42 Glossary A ll Employses — Includes production and related workers as defined below and workers engaged in the following activities: executive., purchasing, finance, accounting, legal., personnel (including cafeterias, medical, etc.j )j professional and technical activities, sales, sales-delivery j advertising, credit collection, and in installation and servicing of own products, routine office functions, factory supervision (above the working foreman level). Also includes employees on the establishment payroll engaged in new construction and major additions or alterations to the plant who are utilized as a separate workforce (force-account construction workers). Contract Construction — Covers only firms engaged in the construction business oh a contract basis for others. Force-account construction workers, i.e., hired directly by and on the payrolls of Federal, State, and local government, public utilities, and private establishments, are excluded from contract construction and included in the employment for such establishments. Durable Goods — The durable goods subdivision includes the following major indus try groups: ordnance and accessories; lumber and wood products (except furni ture); furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass products; primary metal industries; fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and trans portation equipment); machinery (except electrical); electrical machinery; transportation equipment; instruments and related products; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries. Finance - Covers establishments operating in the fields of finance, insurance, and real estate; excludes the Federal Reserve Banks and the mixed-ownership banks of the Farm Credit Administration which are included under Government. Government — Covers Federal, State, and local government establishments performing legislative, executive, and judicial functions, including Government corpora tions, Government force-account construction, and such units as arsenals, naV^ yards, hospitals. Fourth-class po&tmasters are excluded from table 2; they are included, however, in table 7. State and local government employment excludes, as nominal employees, paid volunteer firemen and elected officials of small local units. Manufacturing — Covers only private establishments; Government manufacturing operations such as arsenals and navy yards are excluded from manufacturing and included under Government. Mining — Covers establishments engaged in the extraction from the earth of organic and inorganic minerals which occur in nature as solids, liquids, or gases; in cludes various contract services required in mining operations, such as removal of overburden, tunneling and shafting, and the drilling or acidizing of oil wells; also includes ore dressing, beneficiating, and concentration. 43 Nondurable Goods — The nond urable goods subdiv ision includes the following m a j o r industry groups: food and kindred products; tobacco manufactures; textile—m il l products; apparel a nd other finished textile products; paper and a llied products; printing, publishing, and all ied industries; chemicals a n d a llied products; products of p e t r o l e u m a n d coal; rubber products; and leather and leather products. P ayrolls - Private payro lls represent weekly payrolls of both full- and pa r t - t i m e p roduction and related workers who w o r k e d during, or receiv ed pay for, any part of the pay p e r i o d e ndin g nearest the i5th of the month, before d e d u ct ion for old-age and unem ploym ent insurance, group insurance, w i t h h o l d i n g tax, bonds, a nd union dues; also, includes pay for sick leave, holidays, and vaca tions taken. Excludes cash payments for vacations not taken, retroactive pay not earned duri ng pe riod reported, value of payments in kind, and bonuses, unless ear ned a n d paid regularly each pay period. Production and Related Workers - Includes w o r k i n g foremen and all n o nsu pervis ory workers (including lead m en and trainees) en gaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial, w a t chman services, products d e v e l o p ment, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant), and r ecord ke ep ing and other services closely a ssoci a t e d with the above produc tion operations. Service — Covers establish ments primarily engag ed in renderi ng services to indi viduals and business firms, including automo bile repair services. Excludes domestic service workers. No ngovernment schools, hospitals, museums, etc., are included unde r Service; similar Government establis hment s are included under Government. Trade - Covers establ ishme nts en gaged in whole sale trade, i.e., sell ing m e r c h a n dise to retailers, and in retail trade, i.e., selling m e r c han dise for personal or h ouse h o l d consumption, and render ing services incidental to the sales of goods. Similar Gov ernment establishments are included under Government. Transportation and P ublic U t ilit ie s — Covers only private establishme nts enga ged in providing all types of transportation and related services; telephone, tele graph, and other communicat ion services; or providing electricity, gas, steam, water, or sanitary service. Similar Government establishments are included under G o v e r n m e n t . hh List of Cooperating State Agencies ALABAMA ARIZONA ARKANSAS CALIFORNIA COLORADO CONNECTICUT DELAWARE D IS T RICT OF COLUMBIA FLORIDA GEORGIA IDAHO ILLIN O IS INDIANA IOWA KANSAS KENTUCKY LOUISIANA MAINE MARYLAND MASSACHUSETTS MICHIGAN MINNESOTA M IS S IS S IP P I MISSOURI Department o f I n d u s t r i a l R e l a t i o n s , Montgomery 5 . Unemployment Compensation D i v i s i o n , Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, Employment S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , Department o f La bor, L i t t l e Rock. D i v i s i o n o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s and R e s e a r c h , Department o f I n d u s t r i a l San F r a n c is c o 1 . U. S. Bureau of Labor S t a t i s t i c s , Denver 2. - Employment S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , Department of La bo r, H a r t fo r d 15 . - Fe de ra l R ese rve Bank of P h i l a d e l p h i a , P h i l a d e l p h i a 1 , P e n n s y lv a n i a . — P h o e n ix. R e la tio n s, - U. S. Employment S e r v i c e f o r D. C . , Washington 2 5 . - Unemployment Compensation D i v i s i o n , I n d u s t r i a l Commission, T a l l a h a s s e e . - Employment S e c u r i t y Agency, Department o f Labo r, A t l a n t a 3 . - Employment S e c u r i t y Agency, B o is e . - I l l i n o i s State Employment S e rv ice and D iv is io n of Unemployment Compensation, Chicago 54 I n d i a n a p o l i s 9. - Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, Des Moines 8. - Employment S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , S t a t e Labor Department, Topeka. - Bureau of Employment S e c u r i t y , Department of Economic S e c u r i t y , F r a n k f o r t . - D i v i s i o n o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Department of Labor, Baton Rouge 4 . - Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, Augusta. - Department of Employment S e c u r i t y , B a lt im o r e 1. - D i v i s i o n of S t a t i s t i c s , Department of Labor and I n d u s t r i e s , Boston 10. - Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, D e t r o i t 2. - D i v i s i o n o f Employment and S e c u r i t y , S t . Paul 1 . - Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, J a c k s o n . D i v i s i o n o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Department of Labor and I n d u s t r i a l R e l a t i o n s , Je ffe rso n C ity . - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Helena. MONTANA - D i v i s i o n of Employment S e c u r i t y , Department o f La b o r, L i n c o l n 1 . NEBRASKA - Employment S e c u r i t y Departm ent, Carson C i t y . NEVADA NEW HAMPSHIRE - D i v i s i o n o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Department of La b o r, Concord. - Department o f Labor and I n d u s t r y , T re n to n 8. NEW JERSEY NEW MEXICO - Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, Albuquerque. NEW YORK — Bureau o f R esearch and S t a t i s t i c s , D i v i s i o n o f Placement and Unemployment In s u ra n c e New York Department o f La bor, 1440 B ro a d w a y,. New York 18. NORTH CAROLINA - Department o f La bo r, R a l e ig h . - Unemployment Compensation D i v i s i o n , B is m a rc k . NORTH DAKOTA OHIO - Bureau o f Unemployment Compensation, Columbus 16. _ OKLAHOMA Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, Oklahoma C i t y 2 . - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Salem. OREGON Fe de ral R ese rve Bank of P h i l a d e l p h i a , P h i l a d e l p h i a 1 ( m f g . ) ; Bureau of R esearch and PENNSYLVANIA In f o r m a t i o n , Department o f Labor and I n d u s t r y , H a r r i s b u r g (n o n m fg .). RHODE ISLAND - Department o f Labor, P ro v id e n c e 3 . SOUTH CAROLINA - Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, Columbia 1. - Employment S e c u r i t y Department, Aberdeen. SOUTH DAKOTA - Department o f Employment S e c u r i t y , N a s h v i l l e 3 . TENNESSEE - Employment Commission, A u s tin 19. TEXAS - Department of Employment S e c u r i t y , I n d u s t r i a l Commission, S a l t Lake C i t y 13 . UTAH VERMONT - Unemployment Compensation Commission, M o n tp e lie r . VIRGINIA - D i v i s i o n o f Research and S t a t i s t i c s , Department o f Labor and I n d u s t r y , Richmond 19 . - Employment s e c u r i t y Department, Olympia. WASHINGTON WEST VIRGINIA - Department o f Employment S e c u r i t y , C h a r le s t o n 5 . - I n d u s t r i a l Commission, Madison 3 . WISCONSIN WYOMING - Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, C a sp e r. - Employment S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , U5 Other Publications on EM PLOYM EN T DEVELOPM ENTS S T A T E AND A R E A D A T A — EM P LO Y M EN T , Data av a ila b le MANPOWER R E P O R T S to not the for • Sp ecial defense listed HOURS, States studies effort. either MANPOWER R E P O R T N o . 3 - The MANPOWER R E P O R T N o . 8 - Manpower MANPOWER R E P O R T N o . 11 - Manpower MANPOWER R E P O R T N o . 12 - Defense MANPOWER R E P O R T N o . 1 3 - The N atio n’ s 575 pp. ing O ffice* of m ajor Manpower - Manpower for farm ing occupations are and in d u stria l and and in to at in the and data labor in c o m e force and P rin tin g T A B L E S O F W ORKIN G L I F E , 1950, 74 pp. labor force W ashington to most depict help in from 25, the D. w hich young 1950) the 1951) P roduction. in Autom obile 1952*1953. people 40 w ill fin d nature of em ployed, and No. D. sep aration cents of a rates 30 w ith owing Documents, copy. at B u lletin span p lan work, and q u a li further 1092, on May of the 1952 - p o p u latio n c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , and 25, life Trends career of of info rm atio n C ., occu New e d i t i o n s W ashington F O R M EN , and tra in in g Superintendent a m an's job s. nature 1950. o ccu patio nal 433 occupational sources B u lle tin in clu d in g of P rin t coverage "w h ite -co llar," educatio nal late Labor G o v e rn m e n t each the Superintendent at on outlook, are of A com prehensive from com paring and Bureau reports co nd itio ns, and of 1952) A d m in istratio n. p ro fe ssio n a l, changing workers I n d u s t r y . (Ju n e Documents, long-range workers A va ila b le rates, C ., in 1951) copy. w ith the L E N G T H O F W ORKING L I F E entry In d ustry Supply, 998 of a employment w orking o ld er O ffice, - Tables and No. in d u stria l, in d u stria l employment. Government A va ila b le trends, av a ilab le . M a n p o w e r . (D e ce m b e r A ircraft T h is m a te ria l is cu rre n t as of be i s s u e d from tim e to t im e . p ertain in g Those long er o n E m p lo y m e n t EM PLO YM EN T AND EC O N O M IC S T A T U S O F O L D E R MEN AND WOMEN, B a sis no E le ctro n ics Veterans $3.00 guidance describe earnings, the B u lletin C ., w hich to reports lo caitie s needed, info rm atio n . H andbook w i l l use in in Superintendent D. em phasized life , Program w ith in clu d in g outlook ficatio n s the 25, and in d u stries EDITION, from in d u stries O ccupation in im portance issued. M ining,(O ctober R equirem ents Requirem ents 2d and ning. of 1947. 1952) cooperation occupations M etal or sin ce 1 95 2) W ashington and in as Tool Program . (August Defense P rojected • A v a ila b le p atio n s of (January in reasons M achine Requirem ents In d u stry. issued a ctiv itie s Technical the d etail 1952) Effects O C C U P A T IO N A L O U TLO O K HAND BOO K, and of in co n secu tively security Requirem ents Manpower ind u stry problem s S cie n tific M o b ilizatio n (January S ta tistics for - varying numbered R equirem ents (February MANPOWER R E P O R T N o . 1 6 in manpower restricted Current - of AND E A R N IN G S areas Reports are MANPOWER R E P O R T N o . 1 4 and to of Documents, cents No. his copy. 1001, work death Government a and August span. A lso retirem ent. P rin tin g O ffice,
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