Full text of Employment and Payrolls : November 1939
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Serial No. R. 1052 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Frances Perkins, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Isador Lubin, Commissioner »++#+##+#+#####+#+#++####+##+###+++##+#+#++* [- S i l l *) »##+#+#++##» EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS Prepared by DIVISION OF EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS Lewis E. Talbert, Chief and DIVISION OF CONSTRUCTION AND PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT Herman B, Byer, Chief NOVEMBER 1939 ####################»#############»############»»#»############ ####### UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE • WASHINGTON • 1940 CONTENTS Summary of employment reports for November 1939: Total nonagricultural employment Industrial and business employment Public employment Detailed tables for November 1939: Industrial and business employment Public employment Page 1 1 4 7 21 Tables SUMMARY TABLE 1.—All manufacturing industries combined and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, and weekly earnings, November 1939 TABLE 2.—Federal employment and pay rolls—summary, November 1939_ 4 6 INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT TABLE 3.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, November 1939 TABLE 4.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, September through November 1939 TABLE 5.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—indexes of employment and pay rolls, November 1938 through November 1939 TABLE 6.—Geographic divisions and States—comparison of employment and pay rolls in identical establishments in October and November 1939 TABLE 7.—Principal metropolitan areas—comparison of employment and pay rolls in identical establishments in October and November 1939 8 12 18 19 21 PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT TABLE 8.—Executive service of the Federal Government—employment and pay rolls in October and November 1939 TABLE 9.—Construction projectsfinancedby Public Works Administration funds—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, November 1939, by type of project TABLE 10.—Housing projects of the U. S. Housing Authority—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, November 1939, by geographic division TABLE 11.—Projects financed and operated by the Work Projects Administration—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, November 1939, by type of project (HI) 22 22 26 27 IV Page 12.—National Youth Administration work projects and Student Aid—employment and pay rolls, October and November 1939 TABLE 13.—Civilian Conservation Corps—employment and pay rolls, October and November 1939 TABLE 14.—Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, November 1939, by type of project TABLE 15.—Construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, November 1939, by type of project TABLE 16.—Construction and maintenance of State roads—employment and pay-roll disbursements, November 1939, October 1939, and November 1938 TABLE 27 28 28 29 30 Employment and Pay Rolls SUMMARY OF REPORTS FOR NOVEMBER 1939 Total Nonagricultural Employment EMPLOYMENT in nonagricultural industries decreased in November by about 100,000 from the mid-October level. Ordinarily employment is reduced by about 350,000 at this time of year because of seasonal curtailment in many industries. The smaller reduction this year indicates continued strength in the industrial situation, the principal declines being in construction and in transportation. Employment in water transportation has been adversely affected by neutrality legislation and by labor disputes, while class I railroads laid off about 17,000 workers as a result of seasonal curtailment of maintenance-ofway activities. These figures do not include emergency employment, which increased 157,000 in November as follows: 119,000 on projects operated by the Work Projects Administration, 15,000 in the Civilian Conservation Corps, and 23,000 on work projects of the National Youth Administration. Industrial and Business Employment Fifty-nine of the ninety manufacturing industries surveyed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported more workers employed in November than in October and 45 reported larger pay rolls. Of the 16 nonmanufacturing industries covered, only 3 showed employment gains and 5 reported larger pay rolls. Although the net gain in factory employment in November was slight—about 17,000 wage earners, or 0.2 percent—it was noteworthy in that it marked the sixth consecutive monthly employment increase and was in contrast with an expected seasonal decline of 1.9 percent. Weekly wage disbursements in manufacturing industries were also larger by nearly $400,000, or 0.2 percent, in contrast with an average October-November decline of about 3.0 percent. The November factory employment level was 11.3 percent above that of a year ago and the pay-roll level was 20.6 percent higher. Both employment and pay rolls were at the highest levels since the autumn of 1937. (l) Among the more important employment increases (all larger than seasonal, or contraseasonal) were steel (27,200 wage earners); foundries and machine shops (16,700 wage earners); cotton goods (11,100 wage earners); woolen and worsted goods (7,300 wage earners); electrical machinery) 6,900 wage earners); slaughtering and meat packing (6,700 wage earners); aircraft (5,400 wage earners); brass, bronze, and copper products (4,100 wage earners); cars, electric- and steam-railroad (3,700 wage earners); machine tools (3,700 wage earners); hardware (3,500 wage earners); furniture (3,800 wage earners); agricultural implements (3,000 wage earners); book and job printing (2,500 wage earners); and chemicals (2,200 wage earners). The gain in the aircraft industry was the fourteenth consecutive monthly increase and brought the employment index for this industry to an all-time high, nearly three and a half times the 1929 average. Employment declines, for the most part seasonal, were reported by 9 of the durable-goods group of industries and 22 of the nondurablegoods group of industries. Important seasonal declines were reported for canning and preserving (50,400 wage earners), women's clothing (13,100 wage earners), boots and shoes (10,900 wage earners), men's clothing (8,500 wage earners), millinery (5,000 wage earners), beverages (2,700 wage earners), and baking (2,500 wage earners). Employment in automobile factories showed a contraseasonal decrease of 5.2 percent, or 22,900 wage earners, as the result of labor disputes. Employment in retail establishments showed a larger than seasonal gain of 1.7 percent, or 58,600 workers, and weekly pay rolls increased by 0.8 percent, or $570,000. The general merchandise group (department stores, variety stores, and mail-order houses) accounted for virtually all of the employment gain in this industry. The delivery of new automobile models accounted for an employment increase of 0.8 percent in the automotive group under retail trade, while jewelry stores took on 5.8 percent more workers to handle holiday trade. Furniture stores added 1.5 percent to their personnel. Principal reductions were in lumber yards and in coal, wood, and ice establishments. Wholesale firms decreased their forces slightly (0.1 percent) and reduced their weekly pay rolls by 1.2 percent, or $579,000. Principal employment declines were shown by automotive firms and by firms dealing in farm products, groceries and food specialties, and dry goods and apparel. Among the more important fields of wholesale trade showing increases in employment were food products; machinery, equipment, and supplies; petroleum and petroleum products; electrical appliances and machinery; lumber and building materials; chemicals, drugs, and allied products; and hardware. Anthracite mines decreased employment by 1.1 percent and weekly pay rolls by 19.5 percent, or $451,000, partly because of decreased production in the first half of November, caused by Election Day and the observance of Armistice Day. The number of workers in bituminous-coal mines was increased seasonally by 2.2 percent, or 9,200 workers, while their weekly pay rolls declined 0.9 percent, or $i00,000. Metal mines increased their working forces contraseasonally by 1.6 percent, or 1,100 workers, and their weekly pay rolls by 0.4 percent, or $10,000. The seasonal closing of quarrying operations in some localities resulted in a 2.1-percent employment decline and a 6.0-percent pay-roll reduction, these percentages being smaller than the average for November. Employment in private building construction decreased seasonally by 3.1 percent and pay rolls by 3.6 percent from October to November, according to reports from 13,975 contractors employing 141,391 workers. These declines were smaller than in previous years. Largest employment declines of about 6 percent were in the North Central States, on the Pacific coast, and in the East South Central States. Smaller reductions of about 2 percent were reported in the Middle Atlantic and the New England States. Contractors in the West South Central and Mountain States reported decreases of 3 percent in the volume of employment. There was a substantial gain of about 20 percent in Florida and moderate increases in Maryland, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia, resulting in a 1-percent increase for the South Atlantic area. The reports on which these figures are based do not cover construction projects financed by the Work Projects Administration, the Public Works Administration, and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation or by regular appropriations of the Federal, State, or local governments. A preliminary report of the Interstate Commerce Commission showed an employment decline by class I railroads from October to November of 1.6 percent, the total number of workers in November being 1,038,404. Corresponding pay rolls were not available when this report was prepared. For October they were $171,966,431, a gain of 7.4 percent over the September figure. Hours and earnings.—The average hours worked per week by wage earners in manufacturing industries were 38.6 in November, a decrease of 1.3 percent since October. The average hourly earnings of these workers were 65.3 cents, an increase of 1.1 percent as compared with the preceding month. Average weekly earnings of factory workers were $25.78, showing no change since October. Of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries for which man-hours are available, 4 showed increases in average hours worked per week and 7 reported gains in average hourly earnings. Five of the sixteen nonmanufacturing industries surveyed reported higher average weekly earnings. Employment and pay-roll indexes and average weekly earnings in November 1939 for all manufacturing industries combined, for selected nonmanufacturing industries, and for class I railroads, with percentage changes over the month and year intervals, are presented in table 1. TABLE 1.—Employment, Pay Rolls, and Earnings in All Manufacturing Industries Combined and in Nonmanufacturing Industries, November 1939 Employment Industry All manufacturing industries combined * Class I steam railroads * Coal mining: Anthracite*4 Bituminous Metalliferous mining Quarrying and nonmetallic mining Crude-petroleum producing.. . Public utilities: Telephone and telegraph . Electric light and power and manufactured gas Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and maintenance Trade: Wholesale Retail General merchandising Other than general merchandising _ Hotels (year-round) *< Laundries 4 Dyeing and cleaning * Brokerage Insurance Building construction._ Average weekly earnings Pay rolls Percentage Percentage Percentage change from— change from— Aver- change from— Index Index age in NovemNovember 1939 Octo- Novem- ber 1939 Octo- Novem- NovemOcto- November ber ber ber ber 1939 ber ber 1939 1939 1938 1938 1938 (1928-25 = 100) 103.8 +0.2 58.1 - 1 . 6 (1929 = 100) 51.3 - 1 . 1 95.0 +2.2 66.3 +1.6 47.0 63.7 -2.1 74.8 -.8 93.4 92.4 89.9 110.4 84.5 91.9 95.6 99.5 (1928-25 = 100) 101.8 +0.2 +11.3 +8.1 +.6 +7.2 +7.2 +5.9 (1929= 100) 42.0 -19.5 96.7 -.9 63.7 +.4 +15.3 +10.9 +13.6 +2.6 s 32. 81 -2.2 +2.2 74.8 95.8 -1.2 +.8 +4.5 +5.3 5 29. 94 - 1 . 1 +4.6 5 20. 82 - . 8 +4.4 » 17. 30 - 2 . 4 +2.3 +1.1 70.4 81.9 82.9 72.1 -.2 -.3 -1.2 -6.7 -1.3 +4.6 +.8 +4.5 +1.7 +1.4 +2.3 +.7 +.6 +1.6 101.5 -.4 +.4 70.6 79.3 -1.1 -.4 -5.3 -1.2 -.2 -3.1 26.90 -18.6 27.84 - 3 . 0 30.15 - 1 . 2 -2.6 -. 1 +1.7 +7.0 +.1 +8.4 +.2 +.6 42.9 59.3 +2.9 +3.5 +5.6 +2.8 -.6 +2.1 -3.0 -.7 +1.2 +5.1 +16.0 +18.9 +21.8 +15.1 -6.5 +1.7 +3.0 $25. 78 +8.7 +.3 +1.1 +1.3 -6.8 -. 1 +20.6 94.5 -6.0 +.7 -.7 +.5 +.2 -3.6 -2.3 -2.3 +.9 +12.4 22.07 33. 71 s 30. 80 5 34. 33 -4.0 +1.6 * 24.10 - . 2 615. 53 +.8 17. 75 - . 8 19.95 - 1 . 5 s 36.17 - . 1 5 34. 58 +.4 30.89 -.5 -1.2 -1.6 -.3 +6.9 12 Revised indexes—Adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures. Preliminary—Source: Interstate Commerce Commission. 3 Not available. 4 Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented in January 1938 issue of this pamphlet. * Average weekly earnings not strictly comparable with figures published in issues of this pamphlet dated earlier than January 1938, as they now exclude corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory. «7 Less than Ho of 1 percent. Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed. Public Employment Because of seasonal influences and the fact that a number of projects are nearing completion, employment on construction projects financed from Public Works Administration funds declined from 221,000 in October to 204,000 in the month ending November 15, a decrease of 17,000. Wage payments of $19,152,000 for the month were $1,675,000 less than in October. Further employment gains were reported on low-rent projects of the United States Housing Authority. The number of workers employed during the month ending November 15 was 30,000, an increase of 3,000 since October. Pay-roll disbursements amounted to $3,615,000. These figures cover new construction and demolition and pertain only to those projects started under the United States Housing Authority; those formerly under the Public Works Administration are shown under the Public Works Administration building construction projects in this report. Decreased employment on construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations resulted largely from the seasonal curtailment of work on public-road projects. Decreased employment was also reported on a number of other types of projects. Among those on which increases occurred were building construction, rural electrification, and naval vessels. Total employment on these projects for the month ending November 15 was 276,000, a decrease of 12,000 from October. Pay rolls for the month were $28,688,000. Employment on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation increased to 2,600 during the month ending November 15. Pay-roll disbursements for the month totaled $309,000. In November more workers were given employment on projects operated by the Work Projects Administration. Work-relief employment on these projects rose from 1,826,000 in October to 1,945,000 in November, an increase of 119,000. Pay rolls of $101,726,000 were $3,183,000 more than in October. Employment on Federal agency projects financed by the Work Projects Administration increased 2,000 in November, bringing the total up to 88,000. Pay rolls for the month were $4,425,000. Substantial gains were reported in November on work projects of the National Youth Administration and on the Student Aid program. Employment on the work projects increased 23,000, bringing the number at work to 261,000. Pay-roll disbursements totaled $4,850,000. On the Student Aid program, employment rose from 356,000 to 423,000. Pay rolls for the month were $2,959,000. Enlistments in the Civilian Conservation Corps resulted in a gain of 15,000 in the number employed in camps during November. Of the 335,000 on the pay roll, 298,000 were enrollecs; 300 reserve officers; 1,600 educational advisers; 300 nurses; and 34,800 supervisory and technical employees. Pay rolls for the whole group were $14,868,000. In the regular services of the Federal Government, increases were reported in the judicial, legislative, and military services while a decrease was reported in the executive service. Of the 933,000 employees in the executive service, 126,000 were working in the District of Columbia and 807,000 outside the District. Force202860—40 2 6 account employees (employees who are on the Federal pay roll and arc engaged on construction projects) were 10.1 percent of the total number of employees in the executive service. Increased employment was reported in the Post Office and Navy Departments and in the Panama Canal; decreased employment in the War Department, Federal Works Agency, Department of the Interior, Department of Agriculture, Tennessee Valley Authority, and the Department of Commerce. As a result of seasonal influences employment on State-financed road projects was curtailed by 20,000 in the month ending November 15. Of the 138,000 at work, 23,600 were engaged in the construction of new roads and 114,400 in maintenance. Pay rolls for both types of work were $10,409,000. A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll data for November is given in table 2. TABLE 2.—Summary of Federal Employment and Pay Rolls, November and October 1939 » [Preliminary figures] Pay rolls Employment I Class November! October Federal services: 932, 654 Executive 2 2, 367 J ud icial __ 5, 583 Legislative 402, 513 Military Construction projects: 204, 036 Financed by P. W. A.* 29, 502 IJ. S. TI. A. low-rent housing 2, 638 Financed by R. F. C.» Financed by regular Federal ap276,073 propriations Federal acency projects financed by the Work Projects Administration.. 87,955 1,915, 352 Projects operated by W P. A National Youth Administration: 261,181 Work projects 423,122 Student Aid 335, 099 Civilian Conservation Corps 1 2 3 Percentage |change November -0.5 $141.409,860 October Percentage change -0.5 937, 576 2,357 5.418 386, 216 +.4 +3.0 +4.2 570, 968 1, 255,856 29, 686, 462 $142, 092, 645 569,870 1, 234, 990 29,819,814 +.2 + 1.7 220,612 26. 523 2; 470 -7.5 + 11.5 +6.8 19,151,916 3, 615. 213 308,911 20, 826, 535 2, 941, 809 274, 070 -8.0 +22. 9 + 12.7 -.4 28, 688; 231 29, 305, 560 -2. 1 86.168 1, 825, 734 +2.1 +6.6 4, 425,156 101,725,646 4, 219, 650 98, 543, 038 +3.2 237, 788 3 356, 040 319, 636 +9.8 +18.8 +4.8 4,850,311 2,958,862 14, 868, 058 4, 432,127 s 2,350,905 14, 342, 739 +9.4 +25.9 +3.7 288, 497 Includes data on projects financed wholly or partially from Federal funds. Includes force-account and supervisory and technical employees shown under other classifications to the extent of 129,095 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $16,415,643 for November 1939, and 133,421 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $16,637,168 for October 1939. 31 Revised. Data covering P. W. A. projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act funds, Emergency Relief Appropriation Acts of 1935,1936, and 1937 funds, and Public Works Administration Appropriation Ac: of 1938 funds are included. These data are not shown under projects financed by the Work Projects Administration. Includes 12,439 wage earners and $1,213,687 pay roll for November 1939; 13,347 wage earners and $1,266,959 pay roll for October 1939, covering Public Works Administration projects financed from Emergency Relief Appropriation Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds. Includes 183,630 wage earners and $17,180,010 pay roll for November 1939; 198,951 wage earners and $1«,589,415 pay roll for October 1939, covering Public Works Administration projects financed from funds provided by the Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 193S. »Includes 973 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $101,831 for November 1939; 559 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $48,380 for October 1939 on projects financed by the R F C Mortgage Co. DETAILED TABLES FOR NOVEMBER 1939 Industrial and Business Employment MONTHLY reports on employment and pay rolls are available for the following groups: 90 manufacturing industries; 16 nonmanufacturing industries, including private building construction; and class I steam railroads. The reports for the first two of these groups— manufacturing and nonmanufacturing—are based on sample surveys by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The figures on class I steam railroads are compiled by the Interstate Commerce Commission and are presented in the foregoing summary. EMPLOYMENT, PAY ROLLS, HOURS, AND EARNINGS The indexes of employment and pay rolls as well as average hours worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in November 1939 are shown in table 3. Percentage changes from October 1939 and November 1938 are also given. The employment and pay-roll indexes, as well as average hours worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for September, October, and November 1939, where available, are presented in table 4. The September and October figures, where given, may differ in some instances from those previously published, because of revisions necessitated primarily by the inclusion of late reports. The average weekly earnings shown in tables 3 and 4, are computed by dividing the total weekly pay rolls in the reporting establishments by the total number of full- and part-time employees reported. As not all reporting establishments supply man-hours, average hours worked per week and average hourly earnings are necessarily based on data furnished by a smaller number of reporting firms. The size and composition of the reporting sample varies slightly from month to month. Therefore the average hours per week, average hourly earnings, and average wreekly earnings shown may not be strictly comparable from month to month. The sample, however, is believed to be sufficiently adequate in virtually all instances to indicate the general movements of earnings and hours over the period shown. The changes from the preceding month, expressed as percentages, are based on identical lists of firms for the 2 months, but the changes from November 1938 are computed from chain indexes based on the month-to-month percentage changes. TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, November 1939 MANUFACTURING [Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25= 100. New series—adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures for all industries except automobiles and not comparable to indexes published in the July 1939 and earUer issues of the pamphlet. Comparable series available upon requestl Employment Industry All manufacturing Index Novem ber 1939 _.. 103.8 Percentage change from— Percentage change from— October 1939 Index NoNovemvember ber 1938 October 1939 November 1938 +0.2 +11.3 +0.2 +1.7 +20.6 Durable Percentage change from— October 1939 No vember 1938 No_ vember 1939 I Percentage | change from— October 1939 November 1938 Average hourly earnings» November 1939 +8.4 38.6 -1.3 +5.2 Cents 65.3 Percentage change from— October November 1938 +1.1 +1.9 -0.4 0 +10.3 +5.0 39.7 37.6 -1.0 -1.6 +8.1 +2.6 71.6 59.9 •At +.6 +2.0 +41.5 +51.0 +42.4 +27.4 30.60 33.08 29.32 23.12 +14.0 +15.3 +14.4 +16.4 39.8 39.2 43.0 39.4 -1.8 -2.2 ~( 2 ) +2.2 + 12.3 +15.9 +16.1 +15.7 76.7 84.7 68.2 58.3 +28.2 +54.5 +23.1 +41.9 +15.1 24.38 32.59 27.58 27.07 24.49 59.4 78.1 68.5 68.2 62.2 -4. 2 -6.8 -1.8 -5.9 +40.1 +27.6 +38.0 +17.9 28.00 26.18 28.52 23.82 -5.2 -5.4 -1.5 -.5 41.9 41.8 40.3 39.7 39.3 40.1 38.9 39.3 38.9 +1.1 +6.4 +3.5 +15.1 +.3 +3.4 -3.9 +23.7 -2.5 +3.4 79.8 87.5 67.1 104.7 ! +5.0 +19.7 +2.8 +26.6 +1.3 +20.1 +11.0 +9.3 +4.9 +.3 -!6 +.1 +1.3 +.8 +1.1 +1.3 +.6 +8.0 +12.0 +8.3 -2.8 -.8 -1.7 -2.6 -.7 +2.4 +2.7 +4.2 +1.4 -4.0 -2.4 -5.6 +10.4 -1.7 +8.8 —.7 +3.6 +18.8 69.9 67.4 72.5 61.8 +.1 +.2 +1.0 +18.0 +11.1 +23.9 +23.4 96.7 199.7 117.0 140.5 +5.5 +8.9 +5.4 +7.0 +30.8 +21.9 +40.6 +38.1 25.62 28.73 30.27 +2.5 +.4 +.6 +2.0 +3.7 +7.6 +6.6 +31.0 31.93 29.34 +11.2 +9.5 +56.1 33.46 +1.2 +2.1 +.7 +.7 +1.4 +.7 +2.5 62.0 70.0 72.3 78.7 128.6 109.6 41.7 41.1 40.9 38.7 38.9 40.2 42.1 +8.7 +6.6 +12. 7 +12.9 +.6 -4.6 +3.2 +19.7 +4.3 +32.3 +10.9 +9.8 +13.5 +12.0 +11.7 +9.3 +18.0 +15.8 • 109.2 +2.2 -1.4 101.3 102.4 111.1 121.8 118.3 77.4 +4.0 +24.1 +5.8 +30.8 +4.3 i +24.4 +1.0 | +9.4 114.6 127.3 142.4 73.9 +2.2 +3.0 +3.6 +3.5 109.3 70.1 106.4 83.2 166.3 102.6 83.7 118.6 77.6 171.3 87.3 96.1 76.0 100.0 +5. 2 ' +22.1 +7. 5 +28. 7 +6.8 + +1.2 +19.8 +1.7 +12.4 +13.8 +1.1 +16.5 -1.4 +15.1 - . 4 +26.4 -5.4 +12.5 95.2 172.8 111.0 124.6 +4.7 +4.2 +4.1 +5.8 127.1 100.4 -1.3 $25.78 goods Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery _. Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets Cast-iron pipe Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools • Forgings, iron and steel Hardware Plumbers' supplies Stamped and enameled ware.. Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steam fittings Stoves Structural and ornamental metal work Tin cans and other tinware ___*. Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws) Wirework... Machinery, not including transportation equipment. Agricultural implements (including tractors).. Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines _ Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills November 1939 Average hours worked per week » 29.32 22.06 101.8 ••• Durable goods... Nondurable goods Average weekly earnings i Pay rolls 109.8 139.1 + +4.6 +1.8 +1.2 +1.4 +.4 +3.1 -1.2 +.1 -.8 +4.3 +2! 4 -2.1 -1.2 +1.0 +.8 +.3 +1.7 -.3 +2.0 +3.0 +.6 -.6 82.3 73.1 +.1 0 79.9 +.7 +1.9 OO Foundry and machine-shop products Machine tools _ Radios and phonographs Textile rnachinery and parts Typewriters and parts ... 95.4 94.3 +4.6 +24.6 183.9 +7.8 +48.0 237.8 179.7 +1.8 +36.9 170.3 84.3 81.9 +5.8 +27.6 128.0 +3.1 - 1 . 5 125.7 102.8 Transportation equipment _ 108.0 -2.4 +11.4 1, 749. 5 +12.4 +111.2 1,718.0 Aircraft _ 102.1 Automobiles -5.2 +.2 109.3 46.5 +14.4 +62.7 Cars, electric- and steam-railroad 40.2 26.1 Locomotives 25.0 +2.3 +60.1 132.9 Shipbuilding -.5 +33.0 141.0 113.4 Nonferrous metals and their products 115.3 +2.7 +19.5 173.3 Aluminum manufactures +3.1 +29.7 194.3 137.4 Brass, bronze, and copper products +4.8 +29.4 157.0 93.1 Clocks and watches and time-recording devices 99.8 +3.6 +10.7 107.0 Jewelry 90.9 +.3 +10.0 93.4 Lighting equipment -5.1 78.2 +9.1 76.2 Silverware and plated ware 75.1 +4.1 +10.7 86.0 Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc 85.3 +2.7 +12.3 73.0 Lumber and allied products 68.8 +.8 +12.8 96.8 Furniture _ 86.2 +2.3 +15.1 Lumber: Millwork Sawmills Stone, clay, and glass products _ Brick, tile, and terra cotta Cement .. Glass . Marble, granite, slate, and other products.. Pottery 64.1 65. 5 85.6 64. 6 70.4 109.8 50.1 95.3 +12.2 +11.8 +10.7 -.3 +14.7 -1.8 +3.1 +2.7 +12.0 -2.3 +3.5 +4.0 +10.9 52.8 60.8 78.7 54.3 66.6 120.2 38.5 89.2 +7.7 +10.3 +15.0 +12.4 +15.1 +11.8 -.5 +1.8 +6.4 +14.4 + 11.3 +5.2 + 14.3 +2.9 +4.1 +1.9 +12.0 -8.1 +3.1 +5.7 92.9 91.7 75.8 90.8 90.5 115.2 73.1 170.0 63.5 75.0 130.2 60.0 82.3 89.2 76.1 116.1 121.6 138.8 48.5 116.9 +.9 +.1 +.9 +5.3 +43.1 +14.6 +98.5 +.4 +45.1 +8.2 +37.4 -.1 -2.6 - 1 . 7 +13.0 +13.6 +116. 9 -3.6 +1.6 +7.3 +84.5 +1.6 +94.6 - 1 . 8 +45.5 +1.5 +32.5 +1.8 +34.9 +1.9 +51.0 +1.2 +19.6 - 1 . 8 +15.1 - 5 . 1 +12.8 +6.0 +15.6 +4.9 +19.8 +.1 +23.1 +1.5 +25.8 +1.6 +21.3 - 1 . 2 +21.7 - 2 . 0 +16.9 - 4 . 0 +28.4 -6.6 +6.7 -.8 +16.1 - 1 . 9 +15.0 +2.5 +13.5 40.9 47.0 40.3 40.8 37.9 38.6 41.8 38.4 37.1 37.8 37.9 41.0 40.7 41.7 40.4 41.0 39.9 44.0 39.1 39.7 40.5 -1.5 +14.8 +34.2 +6.0 +7.5 -1.2 +1.4 +2.8 +1.3 +13.4 +21.6 +9.3 +10.9 +4.2 +16.7 +8.1 +4.8 +3.3 +4.3 +6.7 +9.0 +9.2 +8.3 +7.9 +5.5 +11.9 +3.4 +3.6 +11.4 +2.3 -.5 17.72 17.67 +2.0 -.9 24.66 15.37 +5.1 18.89 +.4 -1.2 20.96 22.41 +15.4 -2.8 19.83 17. 62 - 4 . 1 15. 72 +.4 -2.7 19.21 16.90 +3.7 19.98 +2.8 -5.1 17.86 -4.1 18.84 -7.5 18.64 -3.3 17.14 15.73 +2.1 -2.7 20.94 +.5 14.71 +7.2 +6.1 +10.9 +9.6 +5.6 +1.3 +6.6 -1.4 +6.8 +8.1 +8.9 +12.2 +6.3 +9.2 +12.3 +8.9 +1.5 +2.7 +4.6 +9.3 38.1 37.3 37.3 37.4 39.7 38.7 31.4 36.0 37.2 37.5 39.0 37.4 37.8 33.7 32.2 33.6 36.7 37.4 32.5 36.0 29.43 35.91 23.47 26.73 24.09 33.96 30.65 35.32 27.03 29.55 31.85 28.25 27.37 31.39 23.84 23.94 27.01 28.48 27.80 20.64 21.63 23.04 19.20 22.07 21.67 27.09 26.80 26. 76 23.75 +.7 +6.2 -1.3 +2.3 -3.2 +.7 +1.1 +1.8 -6.2 -.7 -1.2 -1.2 -1.2 -2.8 -2.3 -2.1 -.1 +1.8 +2.2 -.7 -.8 +.6 -1.3 -3.0 -3.7 -4.9 -3.5 +.4 42.6 38.6 37.8 38.6 38.8 36.5 38.0 38.1 +.4 +5.0 +13.7 +29.8 -3.1 +4.6 +12.0 +1.5 -3.2 +.2 +1.0 +4.0 -.2 +3.9 + 1.5 +1.9 - 1 . 1 +14.8 - 1 . 4 +19.5 -1.1 +9.4 -.9 +5.9 -1.5 +.9 - 1 . 9 +10.3 -2.4 +3.9 -1.3 +4.6 +.9 +3.6 +.9 +3.5 +1.5 +3.0 -3.0 -2.0 -.8 -4.1 -3.6 -4.7 -3.8 -4.1 -.5 -1.6 +2.7 +6.1 +7.1 -.1 +4.0 +5.6 +2.2 +1.6 +10.0 +4.3 72.0 76.5 58.3 65.6 63.5 88.8 74.8 92.5 72.8 77.9 84.4 69.0 67.2 75.3 59.1 57.7 67.7 65.2 71.2 51.5 53.6 54.2 49.7 65.7 55.4 69.8 73.5 71.4 62.1 +.4 +1.3 +1.8 +.9 0 -.3 +.1 +.3 +.8 +•4 -.2 +.3 -5.2 -.9 +.1 -.6 -.9 +.8 +.7 +2.S +1.3 +1.7 +2.9 +.6 +1.0 -1.1 +.6 +1.5 +.4 +1.3 +3.7 +1.4 -4.2 -1.5 -1.8 -.3 -l.*2 +1.8 +.8 +4.3 +2.7 +6.1 +4.0 -.2 -.1 +.5 +3.7 +5.5 +3.0 +1.2 +8.2 +2.5 +6.0 +1.2 +1.7 +3.9 -1.4 Nondurable goods Textiles and their products Fabrics Carpet and rugs Cotton goods... Cotton small wares Dyeing andfinishingtextiles Hats, fur-felt. Hosiery Knitted outerwear Knitted underwear Knitted cloth Silk and rayon goods Woolen and worsted goods Wearing apparel Clothing, men's Clothing, women's Corsets and allied garments Men's furnishings Millinery Shirts and collars See footnotes at end of table. . .... . 107.9 100.9 85.1 96.8 93.1 134.2 88.4 154.7 77.7 80.8 153.9 67. 0 95.0 118.7 104.7 168.0 116.9 136.7 66.5 127.6 -.4 +2.1 +2.3 +2.6 +1.1 +.9 +3.2 +.6 -5.0 +.7 +1.2 +1.4 +4.4 -4.8 -4.3 -5.8 -.6 -4.8 -18.9 +.5 -.9 +4.2 +1.4 +7.9 +1.5 -.3 +19.1 -2.2 -8.8 +1.2 -1.5 +5.1 +7.4 -9.6 -8.2 -12.8 -3.8 -2.8 -21.1 +1.0 +15.4 +17.0 +27.6 +23.2 +21.6 + 13.4 +6.0 +.4 +13.9 +23. 8 +21.2 +18.0 +21.4 +12.5 +17.0 +11.1 +13.6 -5.7 +8.0 +15. 6 -1.6 -1.3 -.8 -1.4 0 -2.1 +13.7 -3.4 -6.3 -2.7 -4.5 -1.5 +1.8 -2.6 -4.0 -.4 -4.7 -3.9 -6.8 -3.9 +4.1 +2.3 +5.0 +2.4 +4.8 +.3 +.7 -4.0 +1.3 +7.1 +7.0 +5.8 +5.7 +7.5 +10.4 +9.8 -1.0 -2.2 +9.7 + 1.1 49.4 47.8 66.1 41.0 48.4 53.7 71.2 55.8 46.8 42.1 46.7 44.9 52.7 52.5 58.4 52.2 46.0 41.1 63.6 41.2 +1.8 +3.0 -.1 +6.6 +.7 +1.1 +2.2 ~(2) +2.3 +3.2 +1.9 +5.2 +.6 -.4 +1.0 -3.4 +1.2 +6.5 +4.3 +4.1 +3.0 +3.7 +5.5 +7.1 +1.4 +1.1 +3.6 +3.5 +4.9 +2.0 +.6 +6.2 +.2 +2.5 +2.3 +1.4 +1.4 +5.8 -4.3 i +7.9 TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and JS'onmanufacturing Industries, November 1939—Continued MANUFACTURING [Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100. New series—adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures for all industries except automobiles and not comparable to indexes published in the July 1939 and earlier issues of the pamphlet. Comparable series available upon request] Industry Nondurable Percentage change from— October 1939 November --4.5 -5.5 +1.7 +1.4 +3.1 +1.6 +.8 +1.4 +1.1 -.1 +3.4 1938 Index November 1939 Percentage change from— October 1939 No- No- vember vember 1939 +7.1 +7.7 +6.0 +3.9 +3.0 +3.3 +2.2 +8.3 +12.2 $18. 20 16.46 24.76 24.93 25.97 32.89 22.47 16.55 19.06 24.48 29.32 27.45 25.77 23.35 17.50 17.92 17.40 29.22 22.60 26.61 1938 Percentage change from— October 1939 No- vember 1938 Average hours worked per \*-eek i Percentage T^0_ i change from— veinber NoOc1939 tober vember 1938 i 1939 goods—Continued Leather and its manufactures Boots and shoes Leather. __ _ Food and kindred products _ Baking Beverages Butter Canning and preserving Confectionery Flour Ice cream . Slaughtering and meat packing ... Sugar, beet Sugar refining, cane Tobacco manufactures ___ Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff Cigars and cigarettes Paper and printing _ Boxes, paper Paper and pulp Printing and publishing: Book and job Newspapers and periodicals Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum refining Petroleum refining Other than petroleum refining Chemicals Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal Index Novem ber 1939 Average weekly earningsi Pay rolls Employment 91.9 89.0 87.9 129.7 146.5 261. 2 94.1 120.4 98.0 77.9 69.3 108.0 286.5 93.0 66.4 61.0 66.9 117.5 128.9 115.2 101.0 116.6 122.6 123.7 122.3 137.5 121.1 -.5 -5.7 -1.0 -3.6 -.9 -33.4 +1.2 -5.3 -5.0 +5.2 +- 7(2.)8 -.4 -2.2 -.5 +.9 +.4 +1.4 +1.9 -.5 +.2 +.8 +.1 +2.9 -12.7 -1.4 +.7 +5.5 -2.2 -.6 -2.8 -4.0 -2.8 +4.6 +12.7 +8.8 +.6 +.8 +7.0 +3.0 +8.0 +15. 3 -9. 5 71.1 64.6 87.2 125.3 136.9 293.7 79.3 100.7 96.2 70.5 57.8 112.5 283. 7 77.2 62.9 67.7 62.2 114.2 145. 4 124.6 88.7 109.3 133.0 137.9 131.4 161.2 113.3 -7.1 -9.2 -1.1 -3.5 +.2 -5.0 -2.8 -34.7 +.2 -14.6 -7.1 +4.5 +15.9 -10.7 -.8 -4.5 -.3 +.4 -3.5 -.8 +5.0 -1.1 -.2 -1.5 +.2 +2.1 -5.7 -.8 +1.2 +5.2 -4.2 -1.2 +1.8 -1.2 +2.2 +9.3 +18.6 +21.0 +5.5 +.9 +12.4 +3.1 +15.8 +23.6 +2.1 30.71 37.83 29.52 34.94 27.25 31.73 15.36 -2.6 -4.0 -.5 +2.3 +1.2 — 1.4 -1.8 -1.9 -1.0 -9.8 -2.2 -.7 +15. 8 -3.2 -.4 +5.3 +6.3 +2.7 +2.2 +2.2 +1.9 +1.1 +8.4 +8.7 +.4 +.5 2 -( ) -1.9 -.5 -4.2 -5.1 — 1.7 -1.1 +.6 -2.6 -1.8 -9.0 -2.7 -5.8 -4.6 -.6 +16.3 -2.3 -1.1 -2.6 + 1.6 +2.0 +.8 -.6 +.5 +( 2 ) +.9 -1.9 +5.7 -2.2 -2.9 -1.4 -5.8 -1.4 38.8 36.2 +2.6 -.5 +( 2 ) +1.3 +.1 +1.3 +4.4 +4.1 +8.8 +4.8 -.4 -1.3 -.5 +5.1 -(2) +7.1 +7.3 +12.9 38. 8 36.1 39.8 40.3 44.9 -2. 4 -2.0 -2.5 -2.0 -7.4 -2.3 +.2 -.5 -3.9 -2.2 +3.1 -2.3 0 -.8 +8.1 +4.6 +2.8 +5.1 +4.4 +5.0 +11.2 +4.9 33.8 32.5 38.7 40.1 41.7 37.7 46.3 34.8 39.5 40.5 44.1 40.0 49.2 37.2 36.6 34.2 36. 9 39.6 41.7 42.5 -.9 -.7 -4.0 -2.0 +2.7 + (2) +3.6 +3.8 -1.5 Average hourly earnings 1 Noveinber •I Q O Q Percentage change from— October 1939 Cents 53.9 51.4 63.9 62.5 62.7 88.1 48.5 48.8 48.8 60.2 64.2 68.4 52.9 62.8 47.9 52.4 47.4 77.2 54.5 62.7 +1.3 +1.1 +.9 +2.8 +.7 +.9 -.4 +6.9 +1.5 -2.5 +1.0 -.1 +.7 -.9 +.9 +.3 +1.0 -(2) -.2 -.2 80.3 101.3 +.4 +.1 75.2 97.2 67.7 78.7 33.1 +1.8 No- vember 1938 +1.7 +1.7 +1.8 +2.1 +2.2 +1.7 -.5 +4.9 +2.6 +2.1 +2.8 +.3 +4.4 +.9 +3.8 +2.5 +3.9 +.5 +1.1 +2.2 +.3 +2.1 +2.6 -.2 -.3 +2.7 +1.2 +15.6 +4.9 +3.3 +13.5 Druggists' p r e p a r a t i o n s . . . Explosives Fertilizers Paints and varnishes R a y o n and allied products Soap. Rubber products R u b b e r boots and shoes R u b b e r tires and inner t u b e s . . R u b b e r goods other 117.7 106.1 91.5 125.1 313.4 88.6 94.0 62.3 74.6 161.3 +.9 +1.9 - 72. 1 -( ) +1.0 -2.0 +1.7 +.3 +1.4 +2.4 +6.0 +22.8 +4.0 +6.8 +4.5 +11.9 + 14.2 +1.7 +13.9 +19.0 131.1 127.6 75.9 131.5 310.4 104.4 100.1 66.6 86.4 162.6 -1.4 +1.9 -5.0 -2.4 +2.5 -4.2 -1.8 +4.8 -4.6 +.8 +9.9 +32.7 +15.9 +13.3 +12.0 +13.7 +20.6 +14.0 +17.8 +26.9 25. 24 32.98 15.32 28.72 25.42 27.60 29.02 24.51 33.78 24.55 -2.2 ~( 2 ) +1.5 -2.3 +1.4 -2.2 -3.4 +4.5 -5.9 -1.5 59.5 82.6 45.1 71.5 65.9 69.7 76.8 61.1 95.9 61.4 +6.5 +.3 +1.6 +2. 1 -( ) -6.0 -2.1 +4.8 +5.0 +4.8 +2.8 +4.6 +3.4 +3.4 +9.4 +2.3 +2.5 28.8 31.7 41.2 40.1 38.4 -19.0 -2.9 -2.5 -5.5 +14.7 +12. 0 +6.6 +3. 9 •itt -1.1 Cents 92.3 89.0 73. 5 54.5 88.4 40.6 39.9 34.0 40.2 38.6 39.6 38.0 40.1 35.2 40.3 -2.1 +9.9 +5.1 +7.2 +1.4 +5.6 +12.0 +3.4 +6.6 +15.3 +10. 9 +13. 6 +8.7 +.3 +3.7 -8.0 +.2 -4.7 -2.5 -.2 -2.4 -3.0 +4.5 -.3 -.3 0 -.2 +.4 +.7 +2.9 +6.6 +2.2 +2.5 -2.0 +2.1 +2.4 +1.1 +4.1 NON MANUFACTURING [Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929=100] Coal mining: Anthracites 3 Bituminous Metalliferous mining Quarrying and nonmetallic mining Crude-petroleum producing Public utilities: Telephone and telegraph <___ Electric light and power arid manufactured gas 4 Electric-railroad4 and motorbus operation and maintenance . Trade: 4 Wholesale . ... . 4 Retail .. . General merchandising«_ . . .4 . Other than 3general merchandising Hotels (year-round) * *.. . . 3 Laundries __ ... Dyeing and cleaning V . ...... 4 Brokerage . .. Insurance 4 . . . Buildimr construction +0.6 +7.2 +1.6 j +7.2 +5.9 - 2 . 1 i -6.8 - . 9 • 42.0 96. 7 63. 7 42. 9 59. 3 -19.5 —9 -.8 + 6 94. 5 93. 4 -. 1 +1.6 69. 8 -.4 92. 4 89. 9 110. 4 84. ft 91. 9 95. G 99. 5 -.1 51. 3 95.0 66. 3 47. 0 63. i -1.1 ! +2.2 • 74. 8 +1.7 +7.0 +. 1 -1.1 -.4 -5.3 -1.2 -.2 -3.1 +16.0 +18.9 +21.8 +15.1 -fi. 5 $26. 90 27.84 30.15 22.07 33. 71 -.7 +1.7 30. 80 + M 3S.9 +.2 +.1 79.7 -.1 101. 5 +.5 +3.0 34.33 +.6 +1.3 40.1 + 2.1 +.7 85.8 — 1.2 + 4 70.6 -2.6 +2.0 32.81 -2.2 +2.2 46.0 -1.5 +2.1 70.3 -.4 +2.9 +3.5 +5.6 +2.8 -.6 +2.1 -3.0 -.7 +1.2 +5.1 79. 3 74. 8 95. 8 70. 4 81. 9 82. 9 72. 1 -1.2 +5. 3 +4.6 +4.4 +4.6 +.8 +4.5 29. 94 20. 82 17.30 24. 10 15.53 17.75 19. 95 36. 17 34. 58 30. 89 -1.1 -.8 -2.4 -.2 +2.3 + 1.1 41.6 42. 4 38.8 43.6 46.8 42.4 41.3 -1.4 -.7 -.3 -.7 -.7 — .5 -.7 -.4 -.3 72.0 I 55.1 47.5 57.6 33.1 42.0 50.1 (6) (8) 92.6 +.1 (6) +.4 -6.0 +.7 +.8 +4.5 -.2 -.3 -1.2 -6.7 -1.3 » Revised series for "all manufacturing," for various groups under manufacturing, for sawmills, fertilizers, soap, and telephone and telegraph. Mimeographed sheets giving averages for these, as well as for the remaining industries covered, by years, 1932 to 1938, inclusive, and by months, January 1938 to September 1939, inclusive, available on request. Average weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied by a smaller number of establishments, as not all reporting firms furnish manhours. The figures are not strictly comparable from month to month because of changes in the size and composition of the reporting sample. +.2 -3.6 -2.3 -2.3 +.9 +12.4 -18.6 -3.0 -1.2 -4.0 +1.6 +.8 -.8 -1.5 I -1.2 +1.7 +1.4 +2. 3 +.7 +'4 -1.0 -.3 (6) -.5 +6. 9 33.4 +2.0 +.6 -.7 -2.3 (6) 6 f) -1.4 +.4 -2.3 (fl) 6 () +4.0 -0.7 +1.6 -.4 -.2 -2.0 +.6 + 2 -.2 +.7 () +1.1 +0.5 -.3 +6.7 +4.8 +1.4 +.5 +.4 +.3 +3.4 +1.4 -.4 +2.2 +1.1 +1.4 +2.8 () +2.6 2 Less than Ho of 1 percent. 3 Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to J a n u a r y 1929 presented in J a n u a r y 1938 issue of this publication. * Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable w i t h figures published in pamphlets prior to J a n u a r y 1938, as t h e y now exclude corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory. * Cash p a y m e n t s only; t h e additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed. fl Not available. TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries MANUFACTURING] (Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100, and are adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures for all industries except automobiles. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to August 1939. Comparable series available upon request] Employment index Industry Novem- October ber 1939 1939 All manufacturing Average weekly earnings i Pay-roll index Average hours worked per week i Sep- November tember 1939 1939 October 1939 Sep- Novem- Octotember ber ber 1939 1939 1939 $25. 78 $25. 81 $24. 72 38.6 38.1 87.8 100.5 29.51 22.06 29.71 22.02 28.18 21.54 39.7 37.6 40.1 38.2 Sep- Novem- October ber tember 1939 1939 Average hourly earnings 1 Sep- Novem- Octotember ber ber 1939 1939 September 3939 38.0 Cents 65.3 Cents 64.6 Cents 38.2 37.8 71.6 59.9 71.8 59.0 103.8 103.6 1C0.2 101.8 101.6 _ 98.2 108.2 96.1 110.7 110.2 101.3 102.4 99.6 103.8 Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery _ 111.1 106.8 97.2 114.6 112.1 82.8 30.60 31.10 28.25 39.8 40.3 37.0 76.7 76.4 76.1 121.8 118.3 77.4 115.1 113.4 76.6 101.1 10C. 7 74.6 127.3 142.4 73.9 123.6 137.5 71.4 95.3 111. 1 62.9 33.08 29. 32 23.12 33.91 29.56 22.60 29.77 26.90 20.48 39.2 43.0 39.4 40.0 42.8 38.5 35.2 39.2 34.9 84.7 68.2 58.3 84.8 68.9 58.3 84.5 68.7 57.9 109.3 70.1 106.4 83.2 166.3 103.9 65.2 99.7 82.1 163.6 96.9 58.9 94.2 79.5 156.7 102.6 83.7 118.6 77.6 171.3 95.0 74.7 109.6 79.9 172.7 84.7 63.0 113.9 71.8 158.8 24.38 32. 59 27.58 27.07 24.49 23.75 31.24 27.13 28.18 25.08 22.72 29.15 29.85 26.13 24. G7 41.9 41.8 40.3 39.7 39.3 41.5 40.4 40.2 41.3 40.4 39.3 38.4 41.4 38.8 38.5 59.4 78.1 68.5 68.2 62.2 58.6 77.4 67.6 68.3 62.1 59.0 75.8 72.2 67.4 62.5 87.3 96.1 76.0 100.0 86.4 97.4 76. 3 105.7 81.2 92.0 73.8 107.0 79.8 87.5 67.1 104.7 83.3 93.9 68.3 111.3 71.3 82.2 63.3 117.4 28.00 26.18 28.52 23.82 29.49 27.68 28.87 23.86 26.84 25.65 27.62 24.86 40.1 38.9 39.3 38.9 41.8 41.2 39.9 39.1 38.6 38.8 38.3 40.5 67.4 72.5 61.8 70.6 67.4 72.5 61.0 69.7 66.3 72.1 61.5 95.2 172.8 90.9 165.9 85.8 144.9 96.7 199.7 91.7 183.3 81.6 161.4 25.62 28.73 25.41 27.47 24.02 27.70 41.7 41.1 41.1 40.3 38.9 39.4 62.0 70.0 62.0 68.2 61.9 70.4 111.0 124. 6 106.6 117.8 100.3 116.1 117.0 140.5 111.0 131.3 100.9 125.0 29.52 30.27 29.20 29.92 40.9 38.7 40.6 38.4 39.1 37.3 127.1 100.4 126.3 97.3 126.7 92.2 128.6 109.6 126.1 105.7 123.6 98.4 31.93 29.34 31.50 29.24 28.23 28.91 30.80 28.71 38.9 40.2 38.4 40.0 37.5 38.9 72.3 78.7 82.3 73.1 72.1 78.2 82.2 73.3 72.2 77.8 82.5 74.0 Durable goods... Nondurable goods.. Durable goods __ Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills.. Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets Cast-iron pipe.._ Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools Forgings, iron and steel Hardware Plumbers' supplies Stamped and enameled ware Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steam fittings Stoves Structural and ornamental metal work Tin cans and other tinware Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws) Wirework Machinery, not including transportation equipment _. Agricultural implements (including tractors) Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 70.9 58.3 Engine?, turbine?, water wheels, and wind mills. Foundry and machino-shop products Machine tools Radio and phonographs . Textile machinery and parts Typewriters and parts Transportation equipment Aircraft . . Automobiles Oars, electric- and steam-railroad Locomotives. Shipbuilding Nonferrous metals and their products Aluminum manufactures Brass, bronzo, and copper products Clocks and watches and time-recording do vices... Jewelry...Lighting equipment Silverware and plated ware Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc lumber and allied products Furniture. Lumber: Millwork Sawmills . . .. Stone, clay, and glass products Brick, tile, and terra cotta . . . Cement-.. ... . Glass. ............ Marble, eranite, slate, and other products Pottery. ... 116. 2 105. 2 109. 8 99.2 139. 1 129. 2 01.2 01. 3 89. .i 80.2 85.8 95.4 237. 8 207 fi 170. 6 183.9 181.8 156. 2 170.5 170.7 150. 1 170.3 169. 6 130.0 S4. 3 81.0 73.1 79.7 77.3 75.7 124.1 128.0 122.0 125.7 125.9 122.2 109.9 105.3 102.8 97.0 108.0 99.5 1,749.5 l.oon.4 1,466.5 1,718.0 1, 512.1 1.361.6 102.9 107.8 102.1 08.7 109. 3 113.3 40.7 33. 2 40.2 1 37. 5 27.5 4(5. 5 25.6 25. 5 26.1 27.6 25. 0 24.6 132.0 143.6 1.34.8 133.6 129.0 141.0 113.4 100.3 115.3 113.6 98.5 110.4 194.3 166. 7 168. 1 100.8 173.3 150.9 137.4 115.2 154.1 122.8 157.0 131.1 33. 40 20. 43 35.91 23.47 26. 73 2U)0 33.96 30.65 35.32 27. 03 20. 55 31.85 28.25 27.37 31.39 32. 48 29. 27 33. 80 23.79 26. 14 24. SS 33.82 30. 30 34. 75 28. 85 20. 75 32. 26 28.58 27.70 32. 21 30.97 27. 86 32.10 22, 92 26.15 24. 58 33.25 29.07 34.41 25. % 28. 57 31.41 26.69 26. 07 20.15 •V2. 1 39.6 38.9 4.3.0 30. 8 39. 8 38. 5 37.3 40.0 30. 0 34.8 37.3 37.4 39.9 39.5 10.9 79.9 72.0 76. 5 58. 3 65.6 63. 5 88.8 74.8 02. 5 72.8 77.0 84.4 69.0 67.2 75.3 79. 1 71. S 75.4 57.3 65.0 03. 5 89.1 74.8 02.2 76. 8 77. 3 84.2 69.1 67.0 75.7 71.5 75. 0 57. 7 65. 8 H3.S 89.5 74. 2 03.4 74.6 76. 0 82.5 67.4 68. 0 71.4 41.7 41. I 40.8 44. <i 41.fi 40.2 30. 2 38.1 41. X 37.7 37. 5 3S. 5 38. 3 41.4 41.2 42. 6 03. 1 107.0 03.4 76. 2 80. 0 73.0 S6.8 00.0 106. 7 08.4 73.1 83.8 72.4 04.6 86. 0 00.9 88.3 71.4 77.4 70.0 90.7 00. 8 90.0 78. 2 75.1 85.3 68.8 86.2 08. 6 02. 6 82. 4 70.8 81.3 68.7 84.9 88.3 83. 6 74.7 r>5. 6 71.3 63.5 78.1 23.84 23. 04 27.01 28. 48 27. 80 20.64 21.63 24. 30 24. 50 27. 03 27.08 L>7. 20 20.80 21.72 22.80 23. 54 27. 42 2(». 54 25. 85 19.95 20.95 •10. 4 •11.4 41. 0 30.0 -14. 0 39. 1 39.7 40. 5 41.5 30 ".> 43. 6 3S. 5 40.9 41.3 39.1 40.8 39. 5 41.4 36. 0 39.3 39.8 59.1 57.7 67.7 65. 2 71.2 51.5 53. 6 59.0 58. 2 68. 3 04. S 70. 7 50.2 52.7 58. 4 57. 0 HO. I A4. <i 70 0 50.1 53. 0 64.1 65.5 85.6 64.6 70.4 LOO.« 50.1 05. 3 63. 6 65.5 84.8 61. 8 71.« 1 ;)6. 0 51.2 91. 6 62.2 63.4 81.7 63. 2 71.4 100.9 51. 6 85.9 52.8 60.8 78.7 54.3 66.6 120.2 38. 5 89.2 52.0 61.6 80.3 56.6 71.3 121.2 39.2 87. 0 49.7 56.5 71.7 50.4 67.8 105.0 38. 5 74.4 23.04 19.20 25.09 21.67 27.09 26.80 26. 76 23.75 22.91 19.45 25.98 22.51 28. 48 27. 7i 26.71 24. 15 22.51 18.39 24.03 20.66 27. 04 25. 43 26.00 22.00 42. 6 38. 6 37.8 38.6 38.8 36. 5 38.0 38.1 43.0 40.3 39.2 40. 5 40.4 38.0 SS. 2 38. 8 42.1 38.4 37.0 38.1 38.3 35.4 36.9 36. 7 54.2 49.7 65.7 55.4 69.8 73.5 <1.4 62. 1 53.2 48 3 65.4 55.1 70.5 73.0 70.0 61.8 53.5 47.9 64.7 54.0 70.7 71.8 70.3 62. 0 107.9 100.0 85.1 96.8 93.1 134.2 88.4 154.7 77.7 80.8 153.9 67. 6 95.0 108.3 98.8 83.2 94.3 02.1 132.9 85.7 153.8 81.7 80.2 152.1 66. 7 90.9 104.5 93.5 78.3 89.4 84.3 125.0 90.0 L49.8 78.6 77.7 143. 2 63. 2 82.1 92.9 91.7 75.8 90.8 90.5 115.2 73.1 170.0 63. 5 75.0 130. 2 60.0 82.3 93.7 88.0 74.8 84.2 89.2 115.5 61.4 173. S 69.7 74.1 132.2 57. L 76.6 86.6 81.0 68.3 79.2 81.5 107.7 73.5 156.4 61.9 67.1 120.9 52.1 G7. 6 17.72 17.67 24.66 15.37 18.89 20.96 22.41 19.83 17.62 15.72 19.21 16.90 19.98 17.58 17.21 25.01 14.61 18.93 21.21 19.34 20.40 18. 31 15. 60 19.74 16.31 i 19.46 ' 16.91 16.73 24.28 14.49 18. 81 20.99 21.95 18.85 16.90 14.66 19.17 15. 71 19.00 38.1 37.3 37.3 37.4 39.7 38.7 31.4 36.0 36.9 • 37.5 30. 0 37.4 37.8 36.7 37.8 37.7 38.0 30. (> 39.5 27.6 37. I 30. 3 38. 4 4.1.0 38. 0 37.1 35.5 37.0 36.8 37.8 39.5 39.1 31.1 35. 5 49.4 47.8 66.1 41.0 48.4 53.7 71.2 55.8 47.1 42.1 46.7 44.0 52.7 48.6 46.4 66.4 38.4 48.1 53.1 69. 7 55.5 46. I 40.7 ! 45. S 42. 6 52.5 48.2 46.1 65.9 38.4 48.3 53.1 69.3 53. 4 45. 6 40.4 45.9 42.6 52. 9 40. 9 47.0 40. 3 40.8 37. 0 38.6 41.S 3S. 1 37. I 37.8 37. 0 41.0 •10. 7 Nondurable goods Textiles and their products Fabrics . _. Carpets and rugs.. . Cotton goods Cotton small wares Dyeing and finishing textiles Hats, fur-felt Hosiery .. Knitted outerwear Knitted underwear .. Knitted cloth Silk and rayon goods Woolen and worsted goods See footnotes at end of table. .... _. 36.8 36.4 39.7 36. 6 36.0 TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls. Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Non-manufacturing Industries—Continued MAIN I 1WCTUKINC--Continued |Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-2;")- IOH, and ore adjusted lo 1937 Census of Manufactures for all industries except automobiles. No! comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to August 1939. Comparable series available upon reoiiesti Kinploymenr index Industry Textiles and their products--Continued. Wearing a pparel Clothing, men's Clothing, women's . . . . Corsets and allied garments Men's f u r n i s h i n g s . . . Millinery Shirts and collars Leather and its manufactures Boots and s h o e s - . . . Leather Food and kindred products ... Baking Beverages Butter . Canning and preserving Confectionery . Flour Icecream .. .... ._. Slaughtering and meat packing Sugar, beet Sugar refining, c a n e . . . . ._ .. Tobacco manufactures Chewing and smoking tobacco and snulT. Cigars and cigarettes . Paper and printing Boxes, paper Paper and pulp Printing and publishing: Book and j o b . . . . . . . . Newspapers and periodicals. Chemical, petroleum, and coal products. Petroleum refining _ Other than petroleum refining. Chemicals .. Pay-roll index Average weekly earnings Average hours worked per week 1 Novem-i Octo- ; Sep- No vein- OctoSep- Novem-, Octo- J Sep- Novem- October ber tember ber ber ber ' ber ; tember ber ber tember .1930 : .1939 ' 1939 1939 : 1939 . 1939 1.939 . .1939 1939 ' 1939 I 1939 118.7 104.7 1G8.0 116.9 136.7 60.5 : 127. 0 i 91.9 j 89.0 87.9 ' 129.7 j 146. 5 261. 2 94.1 120.4 ! 98.0 ! 77.9 " 69.3 . 108.0 : 286.5 ' 93. 0 66.4 til.O 06.9: 117.5 :, 128.9 115.2 101.0 Ii6.6 122.6 . 123.7 122.3 137.5 89.2 : 70.1 : 116.1 ; 121.6 ! 138.8 48.5 : 116.9 71.1 : 04.0 87.2 • 125.3 . 130.9 293. 7 79.3 100.7 ' 90. 2 70.5 i 57.8 112.5 2S3.7 ; 77.2 : 62.9 ! 07.7 , 02.2 • 113.0 124.8 110.6 178.8 115.9 132.0 88.5 123.2 97.8 96. 5 86. 5 150.7 148.0 287. 4 99.1 303. 7 91.4 S4.3 82.3 101. 3 120.8 90.7 66.4 61. 2 07. 0 113.2 118.8 108.8 82.9 133.2 120.5 142.9 61.5 115.7 76.5 71.1 88.2 129.9 130.0 309.0 81.6 154. 1 90. 0 S2.0 (12. 2 .107.7 244. 9 86. 5 63.4 70.8 02. 4 • 113.8 ' H4.2 ; 145.4 • 150.6 : 125.0 124.6 ! 99. I 117.2 122.3 122.7 122.2 133. 6 98.3 116.2 118.0 123.1 110.7 123.0 ! 88.7 ! 1.09.3 : i33.o: 137.9 ; 131.4 i 161.2 : 124.7 109 4 178.2 117.6 143.7 82.0 126.9 96.2 94.1 88.4 137.6 ; 148.0 270.9 : 95.0 ! 180.7 : 96.8 • 82. 3 i 73.0 I 102.7 ' 280. 5 100.9 . 66.7 02. i 67.2 116.5 128.3 84.1 110.4 133.3 : 14.0.0 j 131.2 j 157.9 i Sep- Novem- Octotember ber ' ber 1939 1939 1939 Cents 62.9 07. 1 02. 3 109.3 133. 2 113. I $17.86 : 18.84 : 18.64 I 17.14 ! 15.73 j 20.53 : 14.71 : 18.20 : 10.46 I 24.70 ! 24.93 25.97 : 32. S9 22.47 . 10.55 ' 19.00 •• 24.48 29. 32 27.45 25. 77 23.35 17. 50 17.92 17.40 • 29.22 I 22.00 ; 20.01 | $18.63 19.65 20.15 17.78 15.33 21.11 , 14.64 18.74 ! 17.20 i 24.91 24.35 25.05 • 33.29 ' 22. 99 16. 87 19.25 . 27.00 29.97 ' 27. 00 22.25 : 24.12 : 17.55 ' 18.37 17.30 29.40 23.46 27. 19 $17. 40 18. 62 17.82 17.13 13.99 25. 70 13. 29 18.45 17. 04 24. 32 24.19 26. 00 34. 04 22. 72 17. 32 19. 43 29.98 29.31 27. 99 25.12 20. 75 17.44 17. 73 17.37 28. 89 22. 28 25. 04 85. 0 109.8 124.6 134.8 121. 5 139.7 30.71 37. 83 29. 52 34. 94 27. 25 31.73 29. 70 37. 92 29.54 35. 77 26.99 32. 51 30.38 38. 03 28.74 34. 38 20. 31 31.08 92.1 79.6 118.1 120.3 120.7 81.3 102.3 76.6 72.4 84.2 139.7 138.8 335. 5 83.8 204. 3 til. 5 93. 0 08. 0 107.9 110.0 SO. 3 Average hourly earnings 33. 7 32. 2 33. 0 30. 7 37. 4 32.5 30.0 ; 33.8 32.5 38.7 40.1 41.7 : 37. 7 l<>. 3 34.8 I 39. 5 40.5 i -14. J : 40. 0 19.2 : 37.2 36.6 34.2 . 30.9 , 39.6 •H.7 42. f, 38.8 36. 2 38.8 36.1 39. S 40.3 : ! ; j ! ' 34.5 ! 33.6 i 33. 0 38.0 39.0 34.9 37.3 35.3 34.3 39.4 40.5 41.4 38.7 47.2 38.1 40.7 43.1 40. 3 40.3 42.3 38.1 37.0 35.2 37.2 39.7 43.4 43. 2 : ! i i j ! i j | 37.8 36.2 39.8 36.9 : 40.8 i 41.2 ' 32.8 31.9 31.8 37.4 35.7 36. 8 34. 5 34.8 33.9 38. 6 41.6 42.1 39. 8 47.1 41.0 10. 0 •17. 3 40.1 40. 8 42.1 43.0 36.9 34.1 37.2 39.0 41.3 41.4 38.3 36.3 38.8 35. 6 39.9 39.8 Cents 52.5 , 58.4 i 52.2 ! 46.0 : 41.1 03.0 . 41.2 S3. 9 51.4 j 63.9 j 62.5 ! 62.7 ! 88.1 ! 48. 5 ' 48.8 i 48.8 00. 2 04.2 , 08.4 ; 52.9 j 62.8 i 47.9 I 52.1 ' 47.4 , 77.2 54.5 02. 7 • 80.3 101.3 75.2 97.2 67.7 78.7 September 1939 ! ! i ' 52. 7 57.8 54.0 1 45.0 38.4 i 00.8 39. 3 : 53.2 50.8 63. 3 60.8 02.3 87.1 48.7 45.7 48.0 01.4 63. 9 08. 5 52. 0 03. 3 47.4 52.1 46.9 77.3 54. 6 02.9 SO. 1 101. 3 73.8 97.4 i 65.9 78.9 ' 51.9 57.5 51.2 45. 4 38.0 04.3 38.5 53.2 50. 8 63. 4 58.? 02.0 SO. 4 48. 3 13.2 48.0 02.8 63.1 OS. 0 61. 1 62.2 47.5 51.;') 17.0 77.4 54. 4 62.0 80. 5 100.7 74.1 96.9 65.8 78.1 121.1 117.7 106.1 91.5 125.1 313.4 88.0 94.0 02.3 74.6 161.3 Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal.. Druggists' preparations Explosives-Fertilizers... . Paints and varnishes. . . . Rayon and allied products Soap.. . . Rubber products .Rubber boots and shoes Rubber tires and inner tubes Rubber goods, other. 138.7 U6.7; L04.2 I 120.2 113.9 99.0 98.5 • 98.4 125.1 • 122.1 310. 2 , 300. 2 90.4 88.5 82.4 88.0 62.2; 59.8 : 73.6 ! 70.0 157.5 1 141.6 = | ! i " 113.3 ' 131. J : 127. 6 75.9 131.5 ' 310. 4 104. 4 100.1 66. 6 86.4 162. 0 •SONM \ \ t 120. 2 133.0 ! L25.2 ; 79.8 ! 134.6; 303.0 : 109.0 101.9 99. 9 123. 8 114. 4 86.3 127.5 286. 4 107. 1 91.0 6 3 . r> 62. 2 82. 7 90. 6 161.2 . 134.9 v\cr\ i J5.36 25. 24 32.98 15.32 28.72 25. 42 27. 60 29.02 24. 51 33. 78 21 55 11.21 25. 82 33. 07 14.91 29. 46 25.03 28.23 30.11 23. 45 35.91 25. 01 13. 76 24. 65 31.52 16. 27 28. 65 24. 49 28.33 28.93 23. 89 34. 55 23. 20 28.6 > 59.5 ; 83.0 42.0 71.2 " 04. 6 69.6 76.9 61. 1. ! 96. 1 6L. 2 28.9 59. 6 80.7 44. 2 70.4 64. 6 70.3 76.8 61. 6 95.1) 60. 3 14.9 40.6 39.9 ; 34.0 ! 40.2 , 38.6 ! 39.6 ' 38.0 i 10. 1 35. 2 i 40.3 i 48. 5 41.5 39.9 35. 5 41.4 38.7 40.6 : 39.2 ! 38.4 ! 37.5 i 41.3 i 17. 1 39. 3 39. 0 36. 8 40. 7 37.9 40. 3 37.6 38. 8 36. 2 38. 8 28. 8 • 31.7 ' 41.2 40. J ;vS 4 35 u 32. 0 42. i 42.3 . 37. 5 28. •2S. 30. 40. ;ix. 30. ! 39. 5 88. \ 79.7 80. 5 Cent* 92.0 89.0 70. 1 54. 9 87.8 79. 0 39.2 39. 5 85. 8 85. 0 85. 1 33. 1 • 59.5 82.6 45.1 71.5 65.9 • 69.7 : 76.8 61.1 95.9 61.4 HIM; [Indexes art' based on 12-month average, 1929=1001 Coal mini tig: Anthracite. : Bituminous'Metalliferous mining- . .. Quarrying and nonmctallic mining Crude-petroleum producing Tiihiic utilities: Telephone and telegraph ". ..... Klectric light and power and manufactured gas 3 . . - .. Klecitric-railroad and moiorbus operation and maintenance '•' Trade: Wholesale ".. Retail 3 . General merchandising 3 Other than general merchandising ;t Hotels (yoar-round) ^ < Laundries -'. . . Dyeing and cleaning -' Brokerage :i3 55 Insurance . . . Building construction 5. 51.3 05.0 ! 06.3 V7.0 03.7 \ 51. 9 93. 0 05. 3 48.0 04. 3 •19.4 S5. 4 f'2. 9 17. 9 n.", 0 42. 96. 03. 42. 50. 0 7 7 9 3 74. S • 75. 4 75. 3 04.5 93.4 93. 5 93. 7 1.01. o 09.8 70. 1 oo. 8 70. 0 72. 4 92.4 • 89.9 1L0. 4 84.5 . 91.9 ' 95.0 . 99.5 ' -i.2; 2 92.4 88.4 103.2 84.5 92.9 90. t) 105.1 -.0 _ 9 -.6 90. 5 87.3 100.1 83.9 91.3 97.8 105. 2 79.3 i 74.8 95. 8 70.4 , 81.9 82.9 i 72.1 -1.3 : 80.3 74. 1 91. 7 70.5 82.2 83. 9 77.3 -1.3 +8.1 — 4 +>> i % i * i i ricily comparable from d composition of the reporting sa sample ple. -' Indexes adjusted td to 1935 census. census C Comparable series hack to January 1920 presen in January 1938 iissue of this publication. 40. 1 80. 2 55. 1 12. 7 lilt. X 95. 2 101.0 $26.64 25. 51 27. 00 22 25 .Ti! 33 1 .". 0 4 3 Cents 92.3 89. (i -•> r ii 5 Cents 03.0 8* 2 72.7 54. H 88. 5 91.9 30. 80 31. 25 31. 22 :>S. !• 34. 33 33. 08 33. 73 in. i 70. 4 32. 81 33. 75 32. 91 46. (i 10. 5 45. 4 70. 3 71.0 71. 5 78.0 72.3 88.3 09.0 SO. 4 84. 5 78.3 29.94 20.82 17. 30 24.10 15. 53 17. 75 19.95 36.17 34. 58 30. 89 30. 27 21.17 17.71 24.10 15.43 17. 84 20.32 36.65 36.14 31.08 29.99 20. 95 17. 62 23. 77 15.25 17.59 20.48 36.31 35. 94 31.05 41.6 42.4 38.8 , 43.6 40. 8 42. i 42.7 : 39.0 43. 9 4.1. 0 42. 5 38. 9 43. 0 40. 5 42.5 42.7 72.0 55.1. 47. 5 57. 6 33. 1 42.0 50. I 71.8 55. 1 48 4 57. 2 33. 0 41.8 49.1 (*) (•) 91.0 71.0 54.7 48.0 56.8 32. 0 41.4 49.3 -.4 •H.5 :; $20. 90 $33. 03 27. 84 28. 49 30. 15 30. 01 22.07 23. 23 33. 71 33. 71 101.0 + 10.6 +.2 ' - 0 -3.0 ! -1.0 arious groups under manufacturing, for series for "all manufacturing," for various ilegraph. Mimeographed sheets, giving sawmills, fertilizers, soap, and telephone and teleg * i • .12.2 07. 0 03. 4 t.c.. 0 ;>S. 8 : 42.4 i 41.3 (•) («) 33.4 | ; ; . 46.4 • 42.7 42.5 : (0) . (°) 34. 0 (6) (6) 33. 9 f") 92.0 («) 91.8 Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours no!, strictly comparable with figures published in pamphlets prior to January 1038 as they now exclude corporation olTicers. executives, and other employees whose duties aree mainly mainly supervisory. supervisory, + Ca Cash payments only: the additional value of board, room and tips canno room, and tips cannot be computed. puted •"' Indexes of employment and p-.iy rolls not. available, percentage changes from preceding month substituted. •7; Not available. T.ess than Mo of 1 percent. 16 INDEXES OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS Indexes of employment and pay rolls are given in table 5 for all manufacturing industries combined, for the durable- and nondurablegoods groups of manufacturing industries, and for each of 13 nonmanufacturing industries, including 2 subgroups under retail trade, by months, from November 1938 to November 1939, inclusive. The accompanying chart indicates the trend of factory employment and pay rolls from January 1919 to November 1939. The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are based on the 3-year average 1923-25 as 100. They relate to wage earners only and are computed from reports supplied by representative manufacturing establishments in 90 manufacturing industries. These reports cover more than 55 percent of the total wage earners in all manufacturing industries of the country and more than 65 percent of the wage earners in the 90 industries included in the monthly survey of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The indexes for the nonmanufacturing industries are based on the 12-month average for 1929 as 100. Figures for mining, laundries, and dyeing and cleaning cover wage earners only, but the figures for public utilities, trade, and hotels relate to all employees except corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory. For crude-petroleum production they cover wage earners and the clerical Held force. The coverage of the reporting samples for the various nonmanufacturing industries ranges from approximately 25 percent for wholesale trade and dyeing and cleaning to approximately 80 percent lor quarrying and nonmetallic mining, anthracite mining, and public utilities. Data for both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries are based on reports of the number of employees and amount of pay rolls for the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS ALL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES 1923-25-100 INDEX 140 100 ! K 120 r r I v ^fl, AA 100 T r PAY ROLI_s % / / M 80 i 60 60 - 40 20 120 EMPLOYMENT^ 1 P pr 80 140 40 V 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 UNITED STATES BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 20 1940 ADJUSTED TO 1937 CENSUS 18 TABLE 5.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Manufacturing1 manufacturing 2 and Non- Industries, November 1938 to November 1939, Inclusive Employment Industry 1938 Av. 1938 1939 Nov. Dec. J a n . j F e b . Mar. Apr. May JunejJuly Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Manufacturing 89.7 93.3 94.0 92.2 93.6 94.3 94.1 93.0 93.4 93. 5 96.3 100.2 103.6 103. 8 All industries. 77.9 82.9 83.8 82.3 83.3 84.1 84.8 84.0 84.6 83.0 83.9 19.8 96.1 98.2 Durable goods 3 . Nondurable goods '__._ 100.9 103.1 103.8 101.7 103.5 104. 0 103. 0 101. 6 101. 103.5 108.1 110.2 110.7 109.2 Nonmanufacturing Anthracite mining ... Bituminous-coal mining ._ Metalliferous mining Quarrying and nonmetallic mining Crude-petroleum producing Telephone and telegraph.. Electric light and power. and manufactured gas ._ Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and maintenance . .. . . Wholesale trade Retail trade General merchandising .. Other than general merchandising Year-round hotels. Laundries.. _ . . . . Dyeing and denning . . . 52.3 51.0 51.3 50.0 52.2 51.7 53.0 52. 6 51.2 44.7 48.5 49.4 51.9 51.3 86.7 88.6 89.3 88.7 88.6 87.4 25.9 47.9 78.3 79.4 81.4 85.4 93.0 95.0 59.0 61.9 62.3 62.6 60.9 61.0 61.5 61.9 61.6 60.4 60.4 62.9 65.3 66.3 42.3 44.4 41.4 38.3 37.9 40.1 43.0 45.6 47.3 47.5 48.1 47.9 48.0 72.1 68.3 67.8 67.0 66. 2 65. 8 66. 1 67.0 67.3 66.7 65.0 64. 3 63. 7 75.1 74.4 74.3 74.1 73.3 73.4 74.1 74.7 75.3 75.4 75.5 75.3 75.4 74.8 92.3 91.9 91.4 90.0 89.6 89.5 90.3 91.0 92.3 93.2 93.8 93. 5 93.4 70.3 69.5 69.2 69.3 69. 5 69.1 69. fli 69. 7 69,. 8 70.1 88.8 89.8 90.0 88.3 87.9 87. 4 87.31 87. 2 88.1 87.9 89.0 90.5 92.4 92.4 85.2 98.1 82.2 81.5 83.8; 85.5; 85.7 86.4 83.6 82.5 87.3 88.4 0 104. 5 144.1 90.7 88.8 i. 2 96.9 06.897.4 91.7 89.! 100.1 103.2 110.4 81.8 82.3 86.0 80.0 79.6 81.3 82.5: 82.8 83.5 81.5 80.6 83.9 92.7 92.5 92.0 91.8 92.6 92.7i 93.2! 93.9 92.8 90. 3 89.8 91.3 95.7 93.7 93. 3 92.8 92. Q9! 93.51 95.51 98. 7\ 100.0 99.1 97.8 104.3 102. 5 97.9 94.2 92.1 — 4jl02.2il07.0iH0.1,106. 5~ 102.!. 7 105. 2 84.5 84.5 92.9 91.9 96. 0 : 95.6 105. i. 1 99. 5 Pay rolls Manufacturing All industries Durable goods 3 Nondurable goods «.__. 77.9 84.4 87.1 83.7 86.0 87.6 85. 5 85.0 86. 5 84.4 89.7 93. 8 101. f; 101.8 67.6 77.6 79.6 76.0 77.7 79.4 79. 51 78.8 80.7 76.0 81.5 87.8 99. 6 101. 3 92.1 95.4 92.4 95.3 96.7 92.2 91.9 93.0 93.7 99.0 100.5 103.8 103.4 89. Nnnman ufact uring Anthracite mining ... Bituminous-coal mining Metalliferous mining.. . Quarrying and nonmetallic mining.... Crude-petroleum producing ... Telephone and telegraph. Electric light and power, and manufactured gas. Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and maintenance Wholesale trade Retail trade General merchandising Other than general chandising Year-roun d hotels Laundries ... Dyeing and cleaning 38.2 36.2 42.5 38.0 45.2 34.2 43.4 57.0 36.1 25.2 33.8 40.1 52.2 42.0 67.9 81.4 80.9 78.2 81.2 77.8 17.6 20.4 66. 5 64. 5 74.6 80.2 97.6 96.7 50.4 52.3 54.1 55.3 53.4 53.6 52.6 54.1 53. 8 48.5 53.0 55.1 63.4 63.7 35.1 37.2 33.7 30.2 29.7 33.1 35.9 39.7 41.7 40.9 42.9 42.7 45.6 42.9 66. 5 63.3 62.5 60.9 62.7 61.3 60.8 61.2 62. 5 61.9 62.0 60.8 58.8 59.3 92.1 93.0 92.5 92.0 91.7 91.9 92.1 93.7 93.7 94.6 94.3 94.9 95.2 94. 5 98.5 98.6 98.2 95.9 96.4 96.7 96.9 98.8 100. 2 100.0 101.1 101.0 101.0 101.5 69.7 68.8 69.7 71.1 70.5 69.6 70.1 71.2 70.6 71.0 70.4 72.4 70.6 74.7 75.4 75.7 75.5 74.6 74.7 74.8 74.9 75.8 75.8 76.2 78.0 80.3 79.3 70.4 71.5 79.2 69.7 68.4 71.3 71.5 72. 5 70.9 69.4 72.3 74.1 74.8 87.8 91.8 122.9 84.0 81.0 83.4 86.6 86.7 88.1 83.8 81.1 88.3 91.7 95.8 66. 80.3 80.6 75.3 67.3 81.3 79.3 73.9 70.1 81. 1 80.0 68. 3 66. 7 80.2 79.6 65.8 65.8 82.8 78.6 63.2 66.8 81.1 79.3 67.' 68.1 68. 3 69.3 68.2 81.9 82.4 82.0 79. 1 70.9 83.9 «6.9 88.0 73. 3 j 83.0 84.2 77.1 67.0 79.2 85.9 73.0 69.0 80.4 84.5 78.3 70.5 82.2 83.9 77.3 70.4 81. 9 82.9 72.1 13-year average, 1923-25 = 100 - a d j u s t e d to 1937 Census of Manufactures. 2 12-month avenge for 1929=100. Comparable indexes are in November 1934 and subsequent issues of Employment and Pay Rolls, or in February 1935 and subsequent issues of Monthly Labor Review, except for anthracite an-! bituminous-coal mining, year-round hotels, laundries, and dyeing and cleaning. Indexes for these industries from January 1929 forward have been adjusted to the 1935 census and are presented in 3the January 1938 and subsequent issues of Employment and Pay Rolls. Includes: Iron and steel, machinery, transportation equipment, nonferrous metals, lumber and allied products, and stone, clay, and glass products. 4 Incudes: Textiles and their products, leather and its manufactures, food and kindred products, tobacco manufactures, paper and printing, chemicals and allied products, products of petroleum and coal, rubber products, and a number of miscellaneous industries not included in other groups. 19 TREND OF INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT, BY STATES A comparison of employment and pay rolls, by States and geographic divisions, in October and November 1939 is shown in table 6 for all groups combined and for all manufacturing industries combined based on data supplied by reporting establishments. The percentage changes shown, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted— that is, the industries included in the manufacturing group and in the total for all groups have not been weighted according to their relative importance. The totals for all manufacturing industries combined include figures for miscellaneous manufacturing industries in addition to the 90 manufacturing industries presented in table 3. The totals for all groups combined include all manufacturing industries, each of the nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 3 (except building construction), and seasonal hotels. Similar comparisons showing only percentage changes are available in mimeographed form for all groups combined, all manufacturing, anthracite mining, bituminous-coal mining, metalliferous mining, quarrying and nonmetallic mining, crude-petroleum production, public utilities, wholesale trade, retail trade, hotels, laundries, dyeing and cleaning, and brokerage and insurance. TABLE 6.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in October and November 1939, by Geographic Divisions and by States [Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by cooperating State organizations] Manufacturing Total—all groups PercentGeographic division Xum-1 Numage ber of I ber on and State estab- ! pay roll lish- Novem- Octoments i ber 1939 ber 1939 New England Maine . _. New Hampshire Vermont Massachusetts.. Rhode Island.. _ Connecticut . ._ 11,864 760 540 430 i 7, 546 817 1.771 Middle Atlantic... New York New Jersey Pennsylvania 31,383 2,254 ,399 19,439 979,878 3,587 372,493 8,357 902,028 East North Central. Ohio Indiana.. Illinois ... Michigan.. Wisconsin 23,770 21,207,968 6,291 546,253 2,935 286,829] »6, 756 653,239 3, 575 o 4.213 252, 778 918,210 53,928 38, 512 18, 660 491910 100, 543 211,051 Amount of pay roll (1 week), November 1939 ; Dollars + 1.3 21,934,720 -1.5i 1,109.99(5 +.7! 784,056 +5. 8, 431, 699 +.8:11,838,563 I Per! ccnt; age g h change t from | Octo; ber ! 1939 +2.9 -1.3 Percent- Amount Num- Numage of pay ber of roll estabfrom (1 week), lish- NoVem- j OctoNovcmments i ber 1939 ber ber 1939 1939 ! Per| centI age jchange i from i Octo! ber | 1939 Dollars ! 3,543 656,718 +1.7 15,359,620| 273 46,119 - 1 . 6 929,6481 207 34,623 705,163 148 12, 569 +9.2 291,939 1,797 294,437 6, 729,229 417 85,272 +3^4 1, 846, 534 701 183,698 +3.6 4,857,107 +3.7 +. +5.7 +1.0 + +3.2 2,198,1721 +12.0 +3.3] 5,578,234! +4.5 + 1.5 61,613,755! +.4 6,788 1,376,820 +1. 5 37,656,616 + . 8 27,187,624! +.5 * 2,756 482,'591 7 13,370,389 + 1 . 5 10,094.003: +1.8 l,610i 324,424 +1." ' 8,842,267 + 2 . 3 24,332,128 +.5 +1.4 +1.8 +1.9 -3.9 +2.4 -.2 2,422 569,805 + +4.2 -1.3 +4.1 +9.4 +1.9 +14. 3 +4.8 +1.4 +.4 +1.9 7, 443,960 s + 2 5 5 15,. 62, 984, 860! 8, 212 1,,694,810 49,950,000! - 1 . 5 15,748.868 +.2 2,316 436,443 +1.4 12,966,4601 3 +.2 1.082 234, 4*2t+1.3 6,677,15 4\ 7,869,855 -.3 +.4 - . 1 2,356 436,521 +2.10' 11, 17,693,497: '\981,4D8\ -.1 14,916,487 - 4 . 2 7 1,006 411,368 -5. 9 IS,f, 574,3251 -6.7 6,756,153 +2.3 1,452 176,026 3 + 5 . / 4,810,659\ 3 4-3.3 20 TABLE 6.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in October and November 1939, by Geographic Divisions and by States—Continued Total—all groups Manufacturing PerPercent- Amount centGeographic division Num- Numage of pay age ber of ber on and State roll change estab- pay roll yhange (1 week), from from lish- NovemNovem- Octoments ber 1939 October 1939 ber ber 1939 1939 West North Central. 10.701 M, 682 Minnesota 1.543 Iowa... 2,460 Missouri 417 North Dakota . 382 South Dakota.... 867 Nebraska * 2.400 Kansas 426,882 +0.2 183,010 59,811 +3".l 144, 764 - . 4 3.449 - 2 . 0 3,694 - 0 ) +.2 26 432 55,722 i ° ; ' -0.8 * -1.0 -6.3 +2.3 +3.5 PercentNum- Numage ber of ber on estab- pay roll change from lish- Novemments ber 1939 October 1939 PerAmount centof pay age roll change (lweek), from Novem- October ber 1939 1939 Dollars 2,404 630 356 774 25 28 133 458 220,959 ,53,898 38,440 90, 886 352 889 11.044 25, 950 +0.8 5,508,067 +0.6 +.6 1, 452,147 +.5 +5.1 963,598 +2.9 -.8 2.132,906 - . 6 -8.3 9,150 - 9 . 1 +3.5 19.425 +17.2 +1.2 281.372 +10. 5 649,469 -2.8 South Atlantic Delaware Maryland District of Columbia Virginia... West Virginia.... North Carolina.. South Carolina.. Georgia Florida 8,967 226 869,422 16,212 153,882 7 17,973,227 404.493 +2.3 8,927,380 +2.3 2,872 630,008 +1. 6 12,!, 180,730 +2.9 +1.0 79 282, 745 -.4 11.672 +.9 +2.1 642 110,719 3+.7 2, 871,962 3+.S 931 1, 513 1,017 1,306 625 1,003 777 28,992 117,724 138,977 171,636 86,372 117,361 38, 766 + 1.7 +.3 +2.4 +1.3 +2.8 757, 322 2,326,887 3, 855,131 2, 786,176 1,320,693 1,900, 885 694, 310 +4^4 +1.' +1.0 +2.4 +5.9 +3.9 +5.0 East South Central. Kentucky Tennessee Alabama Mississippi 3.526 1,028 953 1,185 360 279.034 +1.2 5,362,360 76,213 +1.8 1,722,826 94.809 +1.2 1,725,061 88,157 +1.1 1.619.044 A 19. 855 295. 429 West South Central. Arkansas Louisiana Oklahoma Texas.. _ 4,911 " 752 716 1,144 2,299 211,843 Mountain Montana. Idaho Wyoming Colorado New Mexico Arizona... Utah Nevada 3,427 497 408 298 1,020 245 374 488 97 Pacific Washington Oregon California , -A -2.9 +.7 +1.7 +.6 -1.0 37 451 200 649 259 377 178 991 283 339 274 95 3.083 87,080 54,636 158.618 81, 542 100, 718 22.040 —.6 -.1 +3.6 +1.3 +3.1 +.9 +3.0 192,116 +1.5 35.000 +3.2 75, 646 +1.3 66,067 +1.4 15, 403 -.2 +'.-2 -1.1 -1.5 113,124 19,404 -1.1 -2.8 -2.1 114.469 -.9 3,022.812 +.6 17,192 +5.7 482. 690 +5.1 274. 924 - 1 . 5 10, 667 233. 502 -6.4 8,124 h91, 351 +2.8 34, 377 -3.0! -.1 -.31 114.087 5.228 15, 792 +2. 0; 449.897 +1.2 20, 963 - 5 . 6l 511.763 -2.1 64, 598 - 4 . 1 2,126 - 1 . 7 534 73 56 38 193 29 37 94 14 37,155 5, 888 4,187 1,833 14,099 716 2,672 7, 476 284 -5.5 -1.6 -2.0 -13.3 -15.2 2,679 519 284 1,876 264,361 54, 851 29,423 180,087 -5.0 -4.2 -5.0 -5.2 9,549 475.455 83, 977 1,990 39, 771 839 12 6,720 851,707 —3.413, 747.119 - 3 . !5j 2,319,067 -4.0 1,004,480 -3.3 10,423,572 -4.5 -3.8 -7.8 -4.3 3, 544,729 759,403 1, 396, 345 1,169, 550 219,431 + +1.7 +2.4 +6.6 +5.2 +2.9 +1.1 -1.7 +1.0 +3.1 +1.1 2,458,126 - 1 . 8 1 808, 779 619. 650 +1^2 31,680 287. 770 - 1 . 9 12,051 +1.4 49,989 3 - . 7 /. 246,927 3 -2.9 1,231 246 232 138 615 4,736,186 481,754 -8.0 987. 505 49. 525 -.8 871,111 35, 343 +.6 100, 027 +.2 2,445,816 106,143 1,690, 200 l, 470,977 2.581.195 1. 234.898 1, 562,890 379,720 -5'. 6 +5.0 +.6 957, 619 +1.7 158,380 - 6 . 0 107.333 - 5 . 7 54. 082 - 2 . 1 370, 722 +10.3 13, 720 +4.0 —.2 66,976 +.8 177,998 8,408 -26.8 7, 540, 786 1, 53o, 324 759, 797 5,242,665 -5.5 -4.4 -9.2 -5.3 t Includes banks and trust companies; construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employment; amusement and recreation; professional services; and trucking and handling. * Includes laundering and cleaning; and water, light, and power. 3 Weighted percentage change. * Less than ^io of 1 percent. »Includes automobile and miscellaneous services; restaurants; and building and contracting. 6 Includes construction but not public works. 7 Does not include logging. 8 Includes banks; real estate; pipe-line transportation; motor transportation (other than operation and maintenance); water transportation; hospitals and clinics; and personal, business, mechanical repair, and miscellaneous services. * Includes financial institutions, miscellaneous services, and restaurants. i° Weighted percentage change, including hired farm labor. 11 Includes automobile dealers and garages; and sand, gravel, and building stone. 1* Includes banks, insurance, and office employment. 21 INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT IN PRINCIPAL METROPOLITAN AREAS A comparison of employment and pay rolls in October and November 1939 is made in table 7 for 13 metropolitan areas, each of which had a population of 500,000 or over in 1930. Cities within these areas, but having a population of 100,000 or over, are not included. Footnotes to the table specify which cities are excluded. Data concerning them have been prepared in a supplementary tabulation which is available on request. Thefiguresrepresent reports from cooperating establishments and cover both full- and part-time workers in the manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 3, with the exception of building construction, and include also miscellaneous industries. Revisions made in the figures after they have gone to press, chiefly because of late reports by cooperating firms, are incorporated in the supplementary tabulation mentioned above. This supplementary tabulation covers these 13 metropolitan areas as well as other metropolitan areas and cities having a population of 100,000 or more according to the 1930 Census of Population. TABLE 7.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in October and November 1939, by Principal Metropolitan Areas Metropolitan area Number of Number on Percentage establishpay roll, change from ments, I October November November 1939 1939 1939 Amount of pay roll (1 week), November 1939 Percentage change from October i $17,256,753 12,350,912 6,128, 740 9,451,411 4, 570, 718 +0.6 +.4 +.1 -8.2 -1.5 116, 559 114,364 116,747 188,147 200,697 +0.6 +2.5 +.7 -8.2 +.1 +2.6 +.8 +2.3 +.1 +4.0 3, 541, S97 2,859, 725 3,006,162 4, 611, 784 6,110,925 +1.2 -.6 +2.3 77,229 74. 973 98, 111 -3.8 +3.7 +5.0 2, 334,186 2,106, 759 2, 781,958 New York '... Chicago2 Philadelphia 3. Detroit Los Angeles 4 . 13,375 4,295 2,266 1,441 2,749 633,075 446,857 223, 782 281,416 156,851 Cleveland St. Louis.. Baltimore Boston 5 Pittsburgh. _. 1,472 1,288 1,124 2,961 1,181 San Francisco '.. Buffalo Milwaukee 1,540 111 947 (6) +2.3 -6.2 +2.9 +6.3 1 2 3 Does not include Elizabeth, Jersey City, Newark, or Paterson, N. J., or Yonkers. NT. Y. Does not include Gary, Ind. Does not include Camden, N . J. < Does not include Long Beach, Calif. s Does not include Cambridge, Lynn, or Somerville, Mass. 6 Less than Ho of 1 percent. 7 Does not include Oakland, Calif. Public Employment Employment created by the Federal Government includes employment financed from both regular and emergency appropriations. EXECUTIVE SERVICE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT Statistics of employment and pay rolls for the executive service of the Federal Government in November and October 1939 are given in table 8. 22 TABLE 8.—Employment and Pay Rolls for the Executive Service of the U. S. Govern- ment, November and October 1939 l fSubject to revision] Pay rolls Employment Class Entire service: Total Novem October2 Percentage ber change . October 2 Percentage change 932, 654 937, 576 -0. 5 $141,409,866 $142, 092, 645 -0.5 Regular appropriation 782, 741 Emergency appropriation 57, 474 Force-account (regular and emergency). 92, 439 783,036 58, 074 96. 466 (a) -1.0 -4.2 122,724,835 7,407, 583 11,277,448 123, 254, 046 7, 426, 740 11,411.859 -.4 -.3 -1.2 22,513,067 22, 556, 416 -.2 20,103,093 1, 380, 604 1, 029, 370 20. 162. 958 1,356,171 1, 037, 287 -.3 +1.8 —. 5 Inside the District of Columbia: Total 126,268 126. 502 Regular appropriation 110.853 Emergency appropriation 8,874 Force-account (regular and emergency). 6, 541 111,266 8, 774 6,462 Outside the District of Columbia: Total 806, 386 Regular appropriation 671,888 Emergency appropriation 48. 600 Force-account (regular and emergency). 85, 898 1 2 3 4 November o — 4 + 1-1 +1.2 811.074 ' -.6 118,896,799 119, 536, 229 671, 770 49. 300 90, 004 (4) 102,621,742 6. 026, 979 10, 248,078 103,091,088 6, 070, 569 10, 374, 572 -1.4 -4.6 -.8 -1.2 Data include number of employees receiving pay during the last pay period of the month. Revised. Decrease less than Mo of 1 percent. Increase less than Mo of 1 percent. CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY THE PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATION Details concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked during November on construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds are given in table 9, by type of project. TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works Administration Funds November 1939 l [Subject to revision] Wage earners Type of project Maximum number employed ? Weekly average Monthly pay roll disbursements Number of man-hours Average worked earnings per hour during month Value of material orders placed during month Federal projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act funds All projects Building construction Naval vessels4 Public roads Reclamation River, harbor, and flood control Water and sewerage. Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table. 3 1,356 1,134 $103,404 148,457 $0. 697 $148,185 174 3 136 174 431 148 22,693 195 36. 731 21.925 19,277 220 49,656 28, 374 1.177 .886 .740 .773 16,648 487 79,400 16,746 321 230 23 263 130 23 13, 405 5,511 2.944 23, 214 23,711 4,005 .577 .232 .735 24, 217 10,387 300 (5) 23 TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works Administration Funds November 1939—Continued Wage earners Type of project Maximum number employed 2 I All projects .- Airport construction (exclusive of buildings) Building construction.. Electrification Reclamation River, harbor, and flood control.... Ship construction Streets and roads Water and sewerage Miscellaneous Professional, technical, and clerical- Number of man-hours Average worked earnings per hour during month Monthly pay roll disbursements Weekly average Value of material orders placed durinc month Federal projects financed from Public Works Administration Appropriation Act 1933 funds 21, 100 17,978 $2,178,983 2,323,266 $0,938 $2,528, 707 873 H,259 943 1,618 851 11,808 879 1,483 101, 635 1, 513,992 104,249 156,329 186,312 1,464,496 103, 436 193, 750 .546 1.034 1.008 .807 154,832 2,015,088 56,761 82, 247 1,244 203 333 49?, 665 1,055 157 293 440 635 469 377 119,159 18, 574 31,499 29,442 50,751 : 53,353 I 141,420 18,005 39,635 40,011 63,656 .843 1.032 .795 . 736 .797 72, 545 .735 ' 107,209 35,213 39,693 21, 573 12,869 3,222 Non-Federal projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act funds A. 11 projects 6_. Building construction 6_. Railroad construction _.. Streets and roads Water and sewerage Miscellaneous 6,611 5,956 $654,785 3,043 212 727 220 2,409 2,778 212 533 172 2,261 470,847 604 20, 774 22,863 139,697 730,917 I 345,408 1, 203 33,929 15, 518 334,859 $0,896 1.363 .502 .612 1.473 .417 i $1,236,694 506, 435 0 61,879 94,116 574,264 Non-Federal projects financed from Emergency Relief Appropriation Act 1935. 1936, and 1937 funds A11 projects Building construction . Electrification Heavy engineering Reclamation Streets and roads Water and sewerage. M iscellaneous 12, 439 $1,213,687 | 10, 622 1,631 624 6,979 ; 787 53 2,365 1, 350 499 6,176 600 • 34 ! 1,963 ! o! I 0 I 137.749 43,036 700,264 101,654 870 230,114 0 0. 790 1,536,848 142,711 64,384 929,304 129,527 968 269,954 0 ! ! i i ! ! i . 965 .668 .754 .785 .899 .852 0 $2,674,309 400, 553 345,120 810, 558 44, 825 2,180 315,952 755,121 Non-Federal projects financed from Public Works Administration Appropriation Act 1938 funds All projects. Building construction Electrification Heavy engineering Reclamation . . . River, harbor, and flood control... .... Streets and roads Water and sewerage M iscellaneous 1 2 162,530 ; 135,815 '$15,001,057 ! 16,086,157 89,070 1,582 18, 296 1,217 73,384 1,228 15,798 1,248 233 26,725 j 25,208 199 211 21,946 21,846 154 I I i ; $0,933 $36,434,059 7,554,583 115,688 2,541,049 116,011 ! 7,565,044 I 147,198 i 2,254,670 ! 149,895 .999 . 786 1.127 .774 19, 569, 303 548,324 3, 833, 332 153,111 20,791 2,176,621 2,464,982 11,332 i 25,418 i 2,920,677 ! 3,010,158 i 13,097 .818 .745 .819 .865 215, 683 3, 572,805 3,929,534 4, 611,967 i Data are for the month ending on the 15th. Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government agency doing force-account work. 3 Includes weekly average for public roads. 4 Under the jurisdiction of the Public Roads Administration. s Not available: Weekly average included in total for all projects. 6 Includes data for workers engaged in construction of underground tunnel who, because of the additional risk involved, were paid at rates higher than those usually paid for building construction. 24 Construction projects financed by the Public Works Administration are those projects authorized by title II of the National Industrial Recovery Act of June 16, 1933. This program of public works was extended to June 30, 1937, by the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 and title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936. The First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, ^appropriated unobligated funds originally made available under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 and authorized the use of $300,000,000 from funds on hand or received from the sale of securities. The Public Works Administration was continued until July 1, 1939, by the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937, and the Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938 further continued the program to June 30, 1941. On July 1, 1939, pursuant to the provisions of Reorganization Plan No. 1, the Public Works Administration was transferred to the Federal Works Agency. Federal construction projects for which data are included in table 9 are financed by allotments made by the Public Works Administration to the various agencies and departments of the Federal Government from funds provided under the National Industrial Recovery Act. The major portion of the low-rent housing program of the Public Works Administration, however, was financed by funds provided under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. Federal construction projects are also financed by allotments from funds provided under the Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938. The work is performed either by commercial firms which have been awarded contracts, or by day labor hired directly by the Federal agencies. Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made by the Public Works Administration from funds available under either the National Industrial Recovery Act, the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937, or the Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938. Most of the allotments have been made to the States and their political subdivisions, but occasionally allotments have been made to commercial firms. In financing projects for the States or their political subdivisions from funds appropriated under the National Industrial Recovery Act, the Public Works Administration makes a direct grant of not more than 30 percent of the total labor and material cost. When funds provided under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937, or the Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938 are used to finance a non-Federal project, a? much as 45 percent of the total cost may bo furnished in the form of 25 a grant. The remaining 55 percent or more of the cost is financed by the recipient. When circumstances justify such action, the Public Works Administration may provide the grantee with the additional funds by means of a loan. Allotments to commercial enterprises are made only as loans. All loans made by the Public Works Administration carry interest charges and have a definite date of maturity. Collateral posted with the Public Works Administration to secure loans may be offered for sale to the public. In this way a revolving fund is provided which enlarges the scope of the activities of the Public Works Administration. Commercial loans have been made, for the most part, to railroads. Railroad work financed by loans made by the Public Works Administration falls under three headings: First, construction work in the form of electrification, the laying of rails and ties, repairs to buildings, bridges, etc.; second, the building and repairing of locomotives and passenger and freight cars in shops operated by the railroads; and third, locomotive and passenger- and freight-car building in commercial shops. UNITED STATES HOUSING AUTHORITY The United States Housing Authority was created by Public, No. 412, Seventy-fifth Congress, approved September 1, 1937, as a corporate body of the Department of the Interior for the purpose of assisting the States and their political subdivisions in remedying the unsafe and insanitary housing conditions and the acute shortage of decent, safe, and sanitary dwellings for families of low income, and in alleviating present and recurring unemployment. Executive Order No. 7732, dated October 27, 1937, transferred to the Authority all the housing and slum-clearance projects of the Federal Emergency Administration of Public Works and all assets, contracts, records, applications, libraries, research materials, and other property held in connection with such projects or with the housing or slum-clearance activities of the Public Works Administration, together with the unexpended balance of funds allocated to the Public Works Administration for the construction of any housing or slum-clearance projects. This executive order was modified by Executive Order No. 7839, dated March 12, 1938, under which the two Puerto Rico projects were transferred to the Puerto Rico Reconstruction Administration. The President's Reorganization Plan No. 1, effective July 1, 1939, transferred the U. S. Housing Authority from the Department of the Interior to the Federal Works Agency. Table 10 shows data for November 1939 on projects of the U. S. Housing Authority. These figures pertain only to new projects under the U. S. Housing Authority and not to those formerly under the Public Works Administration. 26 TABLE 10.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Low-Rent Housing Projects Operated by the U. S. Housing Authority, November 1939 [Subject to revision] Employment Geographic division Maximum number employed ' Nine divisions 29, 562 New England Middle Atlantic East North Central . West North Central... South Atlantic. East South Central . West South Central. Pacific Outside continental United States.. 374 10,019 3,632 797 5,905 5, 076 2,9S7 509 263 1 Weekly average Monthly pay-roll disbursements 25, 472 $3, 615,213 342 8,660 3,107 748 4,914 4,493 2,526 438 244 Number of manhours worked during month 3, 652, 533 Average earnings per hour Value of material orders placed during month $0. 990 $5,199, 680 42. 403 48, 754 1, 551, 893 1, 224, 896 509, 622 456, 857 121,122 132, 512 491, 663 650, 589 538, 753 675, 491 274, 042 366. 571 63, 707 62,936 21,108 33, 927 .870 1. 267 1.115 .914 .756 .798 .750 1.012 .622 0 1, 798, 404 596, 349 174. 452 1,112,417 900, 567 508, 232 69, 0*)7 40.192 Maximum employed during any 1 week of the month. WORK PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM By authority of Public Resolution No. 11, Seventy-fourth Congress, approved April 8, 1935, the President established the Works Progress Administration and charged it with the responsibility of coordinating the execution of the work-relief program as a whole. The Works Progress Administration wras continued by subsequent relief appropriations but the scope of its activities was narrowed considerably. A number of activities included in the original program were continued without important change in scope or objective but were financed under other appropriations. In accordance with the provisions of Reorganization Plan No. 1, effective July 1, 1939, the name of the agency was changed to Work Projects Administration and it became a part of the Federal Works Agency. The Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1939 extended the Work Projects Administration until June 30, 1940, and authorized it to carry out the functions that had been vested in the Works Progress Administration. Employment on the Work Projects Administration program includes employment on Federal agency projects and employment on projects operated by the Work Projects Administration. Federal agency projects are those conducted by Federal agencies which have received allotments from the Work Projects Administration. Projects operated by the Work Projects Administration are those projects conducted under the supervision of that agency with the cooperation of States, cities, or counties. A record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects financed and operated by the Work Projects Administration in November is shown in table 11, by type of project. 27 TABLE 11.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed and Operated by the Work Projects Administration, November 1939 [Subject to revision] Wage earners Type of project Maximum number employed Weekly average Value of material orders placed during month Number of Averman-hours age worked earnduring ings per month hour Monthly pay-roll disbursements Federal agency projects A11 projects 1 87,955 I 83, C Airport construction (exclusive of buildings) Building construction.. . Electrification Forestry Grade-crossing elimination *. Hydroelectric power plants 3 Plant, crop, and livestock conservation Professional, technical, and clerical Public roads 2 Reclamation .. . River, harbor, and flood control Streets and roads Water and sewerage Miscellaneous $4,425,156 ! 10,146,987 i $0,436 | 1,666 38,781 112 8,600 765 1,357 1,591 j 35,713 | 110 | 8,546 613 1,297 7,785 5,008 569 15, 699 1,176 3,080 334 3,023 7,662 4,876 440 15,402 1,046 2,684 320 2,788 83,856 1,952, 787 4,400 405,820 41,891 44,924 403, 939 336,924 29,350 822,896 72,842 103, 524 11,154 110,849 j 198,279 4,314,603 11,860 1,071,668 75,192 187,245 .423 .453 .371 .399 .557 .240 889, 568 589,682 50,084 1,998, 702 133,022 310,271 33,443 337, 368 .454 .571 .586 .412 . 548 .334 .334 .329 $603,981 i | i j I 1,891 231,445 3,355 59,639 66,378 5,000 47,632 13,617 50,562 48,358 22,094 14,843 14,704 24,463 , I i ' i Projects operated by Work Projects Administration * All p r o j e c t s . . «1,945,352 $101,725,646 229,891,013 $0,442 1 Maxinium number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government agency doing force-account work. 2 These data are for projects under the jurisdiction of the Public Roads Administration. 3 These data are for projects under construction in Puerto Rico. * Data arc for the calendar month. Not available by type of project. *ti Represents number of names on pay roll as of Nov. 29, 1939. Data on a monthly basis are not available. NATIONAL YOUTH ADMINISTRATION Employment and pay rolls on the National Youth Administration projects for October and November 1939 are shown in table 12. TABLE 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls on National Youth Administration October and November 1939 Projects, [Subject to revision] Number of employees Amount of pay rolls Type of project November October November October Total 084,303 593,828 $7,809,173 $6, 783,032 Student Aid Work projects 423,122 261,181 i 356,040 237,788 2, 958,862 4, 850, 311 i 2,350, 905 4,432,127 i Revised. 28 CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS The Civilian Conservation Corps was created by an act of Congress approved June 28, 1937, and succeeded the Emergency Conservation Work which had been set up in April 1933. On July 1, 1939, the Civilian Conservation Corps lost its status as an independent agency and was transferred to the Federal Security Agency. Employment and pay-roll data for the Civilian Conservation Corps are collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Department, the Department of Agriculture, and the Department of the Interior. The monthly pay of the enrolled personnel is $30 per month. Assistant leaders, not to exceed 10 percent of the total number of enrollees, may receive up to $36 per month, and leaders, not to exceed 6 percent, may receive up to $45 per month. Employment and pay rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps in October and November 1939 are presented in table 13. TABLE 13.—Employment and Pay Rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps, October and November 1939 1 [Subject to revision] Group All groups Enrolled personnel 8 Reserve officers Nurses 3 Educational advisers 3 Supervisory and techuical 3 Number of employees November October 335,099 298,158 285 298 1,595 34,763 319,636 281,817 864 302 1,597 35,056 Amount of pay rolls November October $14,868,058 9,538.539 191,324 39,815 266,108 4,832,272 $14,342,739 8,766,359 351,071 40,423 267,160 4,917,726 1 Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amount of pay rolls are for the entire month. 1 November data include 4,577 enrollees and pay roll of $100,209 outside continental United States; in October the corresponding figures were 4,265 enrollees and pay roll of $95,779. »Included in executive service, table 8. CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY RECONSTRUCTION FINANCE CORPORATION Statistics of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation in November are presented in table 14, by type of project. TABLE 14.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, by Type of Project, November 1939 * [Subject to revision] Maximum number of wage earners» Monthly pay-roll disbursements Number of man-hours worked during month All projects 2,638 $308,911 361,754 $0,854 $365,590 Building construction *_ Water and sewerage 2,235 403 253,977 54,934 300,059 61,695 .846 .890 341,619 23,971 Type of project Average earnings per hour Value of material orders placed during month » Data are for the month ending on the 15th. * Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor. Includes 973 employees, pay-roll disbursements of $101,831, 115,324 man-hours worked, and material orders placed of $51,005 on projects financed by the RFC Mortgage Co. 8 29 CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED FROM REGULAR FEDERAL APPROPRIATIONS When a construction contract is awarded or force-account work is started by a department or agency of the Federal Government, the Bureau of Labor Statistics is immediately notified, on forms supplied by the Bureau, of the name and address of the contractor, the amount of the contract, and the type of work to be performed. Blanks are then mailed by the Bureau to the contractor or Government agency doing the work. These reports are returned to the Bureau and show the number of men on pay rolls, the amounts disbursed for pay, the number of man-hours worked on the project, and the value of the different types of materials for which orders were placed during the month. Data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations during November are given in table 15, by type of project. TABLE 15.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction Projects Financed from Regular Federal Appropriations, by Type of Project, November 1939 l [Subject to revision] Number of wage earners Type of project Maximum Weekly number employed * average All projects Building construction Electrification: Rural Electrification Administration projects * Other than Rural Electrification Administration projects Forestry _ Heavy engineering. Public roads *.. Reclamation River, harbor, and flood control: Dredging, dikes, revetments, etc Locks and dams Ship construction: Naval vessels.. Other than naval vessels Streets and roads Water and sewerage Miscellaneous 1 2 Monthly pay-roll disbursements Number of Value of man-hours Average material worked earnings orders during per hour placed durmonth ing month 258,380 38,416,899 $0. 747 $42,995,577 17,481 2,181,010 .924 2,993,310 13, 702 11,065 1,490,298 .506 3, 569,159 230 43 155 (6) 23, 438 157 38 116 79, 878 22,618 12,538 2,448 17,591 6,440,473 3, 314, 758 17,644 5,449 14, 580 10,357, 313 3, 799, 259 .711 .449 1.207 .622 .872 5,814 2,859 0 10.677,971 10,303 33, 878 9,620 3, 604, 017 1, 292,122 5,807,837 1, 623, 322 .621 .796 3,961,821 995,524 60,534 18, 708 4,013 354 3,850 59, 293 16,800 3, 523 291 3,622 8,532,582 2,065, 214 275, 693 28,218 331,979 9,580,498 2,465,810 448, 537 38,629 586, 713 .838 .615 .730 .566 12,578,516 2,982,843 505,534 44,482 794,146 Data are for the month ending on the 15th. Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor, and Government agency doing force-account work. 3 Includes weekly average for public-road projects. <5 Financed by Rural Electrification Administration loans. Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads. 8 Not available, weekly average included in the total for all projects. 30 STATE-ROADS PROJECTS A record of employment and pay-roll disbursements in the construction and maintenance of roads financed wholly from State or local funds in November 1939, compared with October 1939, and November 1938, is presented in table 16. TABLE 16.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction and Maintenance Roads, November 1939, October 1939, and November 1938 l of State [Subject to revision] Number of employees 2 Pay-roll disbursements Item November October November November 1938 1939 1939 1939 October 1939 Total 138,005 158,108 231,759 $10,409,450 $11,338,800 New roads. Maintenance 23,588 114,417 29,252 128, 856 28,439 203, 320 1 2 1,632,630 8, 776, 820 1,898,360 9,440,440 November 1938 $14,959,749 1,899,410 13,060, 339 Data are for the month ending on the 15th and are for projects financed wholly from State or local funds. Average number working during month. O
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