Full text of Employment and Payrolls : November 1936
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Serial No. R . 495
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Isador Lubin, Commissioner
Employment and Pay Rolls
+
November 1936
+
Prepared by
Division of Employment Statistics
L ewis E. T
alb ert ,
Chief
and
Division of Construction and Public Employment
H er m a n B. B yer , Chief
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1937
CO N TEN TS
Page
Summary of employment reports for November 1936:
Industrial and business employment__________________________________
Public employment___________________________________________________
Detailed reports for November 1936:
Industrial and business employment__________________________________
Public employment___________________________________________________
1
5
7
19
Tables
T able
T able
T able
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T able
1.— All manufacturing industries combined and nonmanufactur
ing Industries— employment, pay rolls, and weekly earnings,
November 1936____________________________________________
2.— Federal employment and pay rolls— summary, October and
November 1936____________________________________________
3.— Manufacturing and nonmanufactuijing industries— employ
ment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, November 1936_____
4.— All manufacturing industries combined— indexes of employ
ment and pay rolls, January 1919 to November 1936______
5.— Selected nonmanufacturing industries— indexes of employ
ment and pay rolls, January 1935 to November 1936______
6.— Geographic divisions and States— comparison of employment
and pay rolls in identical establishments in October and
November 1936____________________________________________
7.— Principal cities— comparison of employment and pay rolls in
identical establishments in October and November 1936___
8.— Executive service of the Federal Government— employment
in November 1935 and October and November 1936______
9.— Executive service of the Federal Government— monthly
record of employment from November 1935 to November
1936, inclusive_____________________________________________
10.— Construction projects financed by Public Works Adminis
tration funds— employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, November 1936, by type of project_______________
11.— Construction projects financed by Public Works Adminis
tration funds— summary of employment, pay rolls, and
man-hours worked, from July 1933 to November 1936,
inclusive____________________________________________________
12.— Projects financed by The Works Program— employment,
pay rolls, and man-hours worked, November 1936, by type
of project__________________________________________________
13.— Projects financed by The Works Program— employment,
pay rolls, and man-hours worked from the beginning of the
program in July 1935 to November 1936, inclusive________
14.— Emergency conservation work— employment and pay rolls,
October and November 1936_______________________________
(HI)
4
6
8
13
14
17
18
20
20
21
23
23
25
26
IV
Page
T
able
T
able
T
able
T
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T
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T
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15.— Emergency conservation work— employment and pay rolls
from November 1935 to November 1936, inclusive_________
16.— Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation— employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked, November 1936, by type of project________
17.— Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation— summary of employment, pay rolls, and
man-hours worked, from November 1935 to November 1936,
inclusive____________________________________________________
18.— Construction projects financed from regular governmental
appropriations— employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, November 1936, by type of project________ _______
19.— Construction projects financed from regular governmental
appropriations— employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, from November 1935 to November 1936, inclusive.
20.— Construction and maintenance of State roads— employment
and pay-roll disbursements, from November 1935 to Novem
ber 1936, inclusive__________________________________________
26
27
27
28
29
9
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
Summary of Reports for November 1936
E
M PLO YM EN T in the combined manufacturing and nonmanu
facturing industries surveyed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics
showed a further expansion in November. The gain amounted to
approximately 84,000 and continued the unbroken succession of em
ployment increases which had been shown each month since Febru
ary. Corresponding weekly pay rolls in November were over
$5,900,000 greater than in the preceding month.
Comparisons with November 1935 showed a gain of nearly
1,170,000 workers over the year interval and an increase of nearly
$51,400,000 in weekly wage disbursements in these industries, which
employ more than half of the working population.
Class I steam railroads, on the other hand, showed a decline from
October to November of 16,934 in number of workers, exclusive of
executives and officials, according to a preliminary report by the
Interstate Commerce Commission.
Public employment in November increased on construction projects
financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and on projects
operated by the Works Progress Administration. Decreases in the
number of wage earners employed, on the other hand, occurred on
construction projects financed by the Public Works Administration,
on construction projects financed by regular governmental appropria
tions, on Federal projects under The Works Program, and in emer
gency conservation work.
Industrial and Business Employment
Although factory employment increased only 0.2 percent from Oc
tober to November, this slight gain of approximately 19,000 workers
was noteworthy because employment had declined from October to
November in 14 of the preceding 17 years for which data are avail
able. Factory pay rolls also rose in November. The gain of 1.9 per
cent, representing approximately $3,400,000, for 1 week, was the only
increase to be reported in November during the preceding 17 years
with the exceptions of 1919 and 1922. Of the 89 manufacturing indus
tries surveyed, 56 showed gains in employment over the month interval,
and 54 showed increases in pay rolls. Although the gains were
widely distributed among the durable- and nondurable-goods indus-
(1)
2
tries, employment in the former group as a whole rose 1.9 percent,
and in the latter group it fell 1.4 percent.
The outstanding employment gain over the month interval was
one of 16.6 percent in the automobile industry, due to increased
production on new models. Other industries for which substantial
gains were reported over the month interval were hardware (8.0 per
cent), lighting equipment (6.9 percent), woolen and worsted goods
(6.7 percent), wirework (6.5 percent), iron and steel forgings (6.1 per
cent), and slaughtering and meat packing (5.6 percent). Industries
of major importance in which smaller gains occurred were electrical
machinery (3.5 percent), cigars and cigarettes (2.4 percent), cotton
goods (1.9 percent), furniture (1.6 percent), foundries and machine
shops (1.4 percent), book and job printing (1.4 percent), and steam
and hot-water heating apparatus (0.9 percent). With a single excep
tion, employment in the machine-tool industry has been increasing
steadily since October 1934. With 1923-25 as the base or 100, the
November employment index for this industry was 127.8, an increase
of 1.3 percent over October and the highest level recorded in any
month since June 1930.
The largest declines in employment from October to November were
seasonal. The canning and preserving industry showed a decline of
42.7 percent; millinery, 15.6 percent; fertilizer, 9.2 percent; tin cans
and other tinware, 6.7 percent; boots and shoes, 5.5 percent; ice cream,
5.4 percent; agricultural implements, 4.4 percent; beverages, 4.1 per
cent; and radios and phonographs, 3.5 percent. The declines of 10.4
percent in employment in cane-sugar refining, 5.1 percent in ship
building, and 4.8 percent in sawmills, were due in part to the maritime
strike. Labor disturbances in several localities also partly accounted
for the decrease of 5.8 percent in the glass industry. Employment in
blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills showed a slight decline of
0.2 percent, but pay rolls for November were 3.1 percent greater than
in the preceding month. The November employment index for this
industry (107.7) is, with the exception of October, the highest level
recorded in any month since April 1924.
Five of the sixteen nonmanufacturing industries surveyed showed
gains in employment from October to November, and 9 showed in
creases in pay rolls. The net increase in employment for the non
manufacturing industries amounted to more than 64,000 workers, and
weekly pay rolls were increased by over $2,500,000.
Reflecting a seasonal expansion, employment in retail trade estab
lishments increased by approximately 65,000 workers from October
to November, a gain of 1.9 percent. The general merchandising sub
group under retail trade, which includes department, variety, and
general merchandise stores, and mail order houses, showed an increase
of 6.3 percent, and the subgroup, other than general merchandise,
showed a gain of 0.5 percent. Among the separate lines of retail
3
trade showing employment gains were retail furniture (3.4 percent),
jewelry (3.6 percent), hardware (1.1 percent), and automobiles (1.0
percent).
Wholesale trade establishments also employed more workers in
November than in the preceding month, the gain being 0.9 percent,
or over 11,000 in actual numbers. Among the several branches of
wholesale trade sharing in this gain were farm products, including
leaf tobacco (36.6 percent), automobiles (0.8 percent), hardware
(1.1 percent), and machinery, equipment, and supplies (1.5 percent).
Anthracite and bituminous-coal mines reported substantial increases
in number of workers, and smaller gains were reported by crudepetroleum producing and brokerage firms.
Among the declines in nonmanufacturing industries were seasonal
recessions in quarrying, laundries, dyeing and cleaning, hotels, and
private building construction. Metal mines reported fewer em
ployees in November than in the preceding month and slight decreases
were shown in reports received from telephone and telegraph, power
and light, electric-railroad and motorbus operation and maintenance,
and insurance companies.
According to preliminary reports of the Interstate Commerce
Commission, class I railroads employed 1,079,972 workers (exclusive
of executives and officials) in November compared with 1,096,906
in October, a decrease of 1.5 percent. Corresponding pay-roll
information for November was not available at the time this report
was prepared. The total compensation of all employees except
executives and officials was $159,693,330 in October and $150,980,283
in September, the gain over the month interval being 5.8 percent.
The Commission’s preliminary indexes of employment, based on the
3-year average 1923-25 as 100, were 61.1 for November and 62.1
for October. The final September index was 61.7.
Hours and earnings.— Factory wage earners worked an average of
40.6 hours per week in November at an average hourly rate of 58.0
cents. The average workweek was 0.1 percent longer in November
than in October and the average hourly rate was 1.2 percent higher.
Compared with November 1935, there were gains of 7.2 percent in
average hours worked per week and 2.1 percent in average hourly
earnings. Average weekly earnings of factory workers in November
1936 were $23.94 or 1.7 percent higher than in the preceding month
and 10.0 percent higher than in the corresponding month of 1935.
Only 6 of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries for which man-hour
data are compiled showed gains from October to November in aver
age hours worked per week, but 10 showed increases in average hourly
earnings. Gains in average weekly earnings were reported in 10 of
the 16 nonmanufacturing industries surveyed.
Although many establishments reported decreased pay rolls during
the November 15th pay period because of the observance of Armistice
4
Day and because of election day, the decreases were offset in part by
wage-rate increases. Approximately 228,000 employees, chiefly fac
tory wage earners, in the total of over 7,800,000 workers covered by
the Bureau’s November survey received wage-rate increases between
October 15 and November 15.
Table 1 presents a summary of employment and pay-roll indexes
and average weekly earnings in November 1936 for all manufacturing
industries combined, for selected nonmanufacturing industries, and
for class I railroads, with percentage changes over the month and year
intervals except in the few industries for which certain items cannot
be computed. The indexes of employment and pay rolls for the
manufacturing industries are based on the 3-year average 1923-25 as
100, and for the nonmanufacturing industries on the 12-month aver
age for 1929 as 100.
As explained in the preceding issue of this publication, the indexes
of factory employment and pay rolls have been revised and adjusted
to the 1933 Census of Manufactures.
Table 1.— Employment, Pay Rolls, and Earnings in All Manufacturing Industries
Combined and in Nonmanufacturing Industries, November 1936
Em ploym ent
Industry
All manufacturing indus
tries combined 1_________
Class I steam railroads 2___
Index
Novem
ber
1936
{ m s -25
= 100)
96.7
61.1
(1929=
Coal mining:
100)
Anthracite........................
51.5
B itu m in ou s___________
82.3
Metalliferous mining_______
62.9
Quarrying and nonmetallic
m ining___________________
52.6
Crude-petroleum producing.
73.2
Public utilities:
Telephone and tele
graph------------------------73.7
Electric light and power
and manufactured gas.
93.5
Electric-railroad and
motorbus operation
and maintenance____
73.0
Trade:
W holesale.____ _______
89.7
R etail.......... ...................
90.4
General merchan
dising____________
110.4
Other than general
merchandising___
85.1
Hotels (year-round) *______
84.6
Laundries_________________
87.0
D yeing and cleaning_______
81.3
Brokerage_________________
(3)
Insurance— ______________
(3)
Building construction...........
(3)
Pay roll
Percentage
change from—
Index
Novem
Octo N ovem ber
1936
ber
ber
1935
1936
Average w eekly earnings
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
A ver
change from—
age in
Octo N ovem N ovem Octo N ovem
ber
ber
ber
ber
ber
1936
1936
1935
1936
1935
+ 0 .2
+ 9 .0
{1923-25
= 100)
90.5
+ 1 .9
+19.9
$23.94
+ 1 .7
- 1 .6
+ 9 .5
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
+ 3 .2
+ 1 .6
-2 .0
+10.4
+ 8 .2
+19.6
{1929=
100)
40.3
80.7
54.6
-1 7 .1
+ 1 .9
+ 1 .6
+41.9
+23.1
+37.8
22. 75
25. 02
27.63
- 1 9 .6
+ .3
+ 3 .7
+ 28.4
+ 13.7
+ 15.3
-3 .6
-.6
+12.7
+ .3
43.5
60.1
-5 .9
+ .9
+35.5
+ 5 .0
20.80
30.49
- 2 .4
+ 1 .5
+20.2
+ 4 .7
-.2
+ 5.6
81.6
-1 .8
+ 9 .0
29.65
- 1 .6
+ 3 .2
-.5
+ 6.7
91.8
-1 .0
+10.1
31.93
-.5
+ 3 .2
-.
(3)
1
+ 2 .7
69.7
+ 2 .9
+ 9 .2
31.05
+ 3 .1
+ 6 .4
+ .9
+ 1 .9
+ 3 .8
+ 6 .9
73.2
70.1
+ 2 .2
+ 2 .6
+ 9 .4
+10.6
29. 25
20. 56
+ 1 .4
+ .7
+ 5 .4
+ 3 .6
+ 6 .3
+ 8.7
91.4
+ 4.8
+11.4
17.23
-1 .4
+ 2 .5
+ .5
- 1 .0
-.7
—6.0
+ 1 .4
-.1
- 1 .9
+ 6.1
+ 3 .8
+ 7.1
+ 6 .5
+14.1
+ 1.1
+33.1
65.7
. 69.6
74.5
60.2
(3)
(3)
(3)
+ 2.1
+ .1
- 1 .1
- 9 .6
+ 2 .2
+ 1 .7
-.1
+10.3
+ 7 .5
+11.6
+ 8 .8
+20.4
+ 4 .9
+61.5
23.66
14.18
15.95
18.15
37. 75
38.02
28.89
+ 1 .6
+ 1 .1
-.4
-3 .8
+ .7
+ 1 .8
+ 1 .8
+ 3 .9
+ 3 .5
+ 4 .4
+ 2 .1
+ 5 .4
+ 3 .8
+ 21.4
1 Revised and adjusted to Census of Manufactures totals for 1933.
2 Preliminary—Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
3 N ot available.
* Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
+ 10 .0
5
Public Employment
In November, more than 269,000 employees were working on
construction projects financed from Public Works Administration
funds. Compared with the previous month this is a decrease of
16,000. Losses in employment occurred on Federal and non-Federal
projects financed from funds provided by the National Industrial
Recovery Act and on non-Federal public-works projects financed
from funds released under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act
of 1935. Pay-roll disbursements during the month amounted to
$20,854,000, a decrease of $1,436,000 in comparison with the October
total.
On projects financed from regular governmental appropriations
156,000 workers were employed in November, a decrease of 7.6
percent compared with October. Included in this total are the
workers employed on the Tennessee Valley Authority projects.
Statistics concerning these projects formerly appeared under projects
financed from Public Works Administration funds. November pay
roll disbursements totaled $14,307,000, a decrease of $2,064,000
compared with the previous month.
In November 9,600 wage earners were employed on projects
financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. Compared
with the previous month, November employment showed a gain of
8.4 percent. The increase was wholly accounted for by gains in
the number of workers employed on reclamation work and on wTater
and sewerage projects. Pay-roll disbursements for November totaled
$1,108,000, an increase of $106,000 over the previous month.
The number of wage earners engaged on projects financed by The
Works Program increased moderately in November. During the
month 3,131,000 employees were working on these projects, a gain
of 55,000 compared with October. The increase occurred on that
part of the program operated by the Works Progress Administration
and was partially accounted for by an expansion of employment in
the drought areas. Employment on projects operated by the Works
Progress Administration totaled 2,726,000, and 405,000 persons were
employed on Federal projects. Total pay-roll disbursements amounted
to $158,618,000, an increase of $3,940,000 over October.
In the regular agencies of the Federal Government small decreases
in employment occurred in the executive, judicial, and legislative
branches; a slight increase, however, was reported for the military
service. Employment in the executive service was virtually un
changed in November but was 5.0 percent higher than in November
1935. Of the 839,000 employees in the executive service in Novem
ber, 115,000 were working in the District of Columbia and 724,000
outside the District. The most marked increases in employment in
117256— 37--------2
6
the executive departments of the Federal Government in November
occurred in the Social Security Board, the Post Office Department,
and the Navy Department. Pronounced decreases in the number of
workers, on the other hand, were reported for the War Department,
the Department of the Interior, and the Tennessee Valley Authority.
In November, 391,000 employees were engaged on emergency
conservation work, a decrease of 14,000 compared with the previous
month. All groups of workers, with the exception of educational
advisers, showed decreases. Pay rolls for the month totaled
$18,605,000.
A total of 182,000 workers were employed on the construction and
maintenance of State roads during the month. Of the total, 15.0
percent were engaged on the construction of new roads and 85.0
percent in maintenance. Total pay-roll disbursements amounted to
$11,331,000.
A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll statistics for
October and November is given in table 2.
Table 2.— Summary of Federal Employment and Pay Rolls, November 1936
[Preliminary figures]
Pay roll
Em ploym ent
Class
N ovem
ber
Federal service:
Executive 1................. ............. .........
Judicial____________________ ______
Legislative___________________ . . .
M ilitary___________ ___________
Construction projects:
Financed b y P. W . A _ ............ .......
Financed b y R . F. C ____________
Financed b y regular governmental
appropriations..............................
The W orks Program: s
Federal projects__________________
Projects operated b y W . P. A ____
Relief work: Emergency conservation
w ork______ ____ ____________________
October
Per
centage
change
Novem ber
October
Per
centage
change
841,301
1,987
5,402
303,960
-0 .2
-.1
-.4
+ .6
$130, 237,173 3$131,039,213
501,392
501,803
1, 231,814
1, 236, 283
26,072,885
23,427,278
-0 .6
-.1
-.4
+ 11 .3
* 269,167 3 5 284,903
6 9, 611
7 8,864
-5 .5
+ 8 .4
* 20,854,480 3 5 22,290,424
6 1,108,258
7 1,002, 648
- 6 .4
+ 10 .5
2 839,446
1,985
5, 381
305, 757
155, 839
3 168,657
-7 .6
14,307,158
3 16,370,857
- 1 2 .6
404,671
2, 726,361
437,839
2,637, 742
-7 .6
+ 3 .4
20, 074,062
138,543,440
21, 785, 609
132,892,258
- 7 .9
+ 4 .3
9 391,296
io 404,826
-3 .3
• 18,604,821
io 17,662, 545
+ 5.3
1 Includes employees of Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Howard University.
2 Includes 363 employees b y transfer previously reported as separations b y transfer not actual additions
for N ovem ber.
3 Revised.
4 Includes 166,178 wage earners and $12,135,818 pay roll covering P. W . A . projects financed from E . R .
A . A . 1935 funds.
5Includes 171,203 wage earners and $12,356,655 pay roll covering P. W . A . projects financed from E . R . A . A .
1935 funds.
6 Includes 81 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $4,145 on projects financed b y R . F. C. M ort
gage Co.
7 Includes 139 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $11,128 on projects financed b y R . F. C. M ort
gage Co.
8 Data covering P. W . A . projects financed from E . R . A . A . 1935 funds are not included in The W orks
Program and shown only under P. W . A.
9 Includes 40,348 employees and pay roll of $5,751,433 also included in executive service.
10 Includes 40,744 employees and pay roll of $5,402,280 also included in executive service.
7
Detailed Reports for November 1936
Industrial and Business Employment
O N TH LY reports on employment and pay rolls in industrial
and business industries are now available for the following
groups: 89 manufacturing industries; 16 nonmanufacturing industries,
including building construction; and class I steam railroads. The
reports for the first .two of these groups— manufacturing and non
manufacturing— are based on sample surveys by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, and in virtually all industries the samples are large enough
to be entirely representative. The figures on class I steam railroads
are compiled by the Interstate Commerce Commission and are pre
sented in the foregoing summary.
M
Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Novem ber 1936
T h e indexes of employment and pay rolls, average hours worked
per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings in
manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in November 1936
are shown in table 3. Percentage changes from October 1936 and
November 1935 are also given. The indexes for the manufacturing
industries have been revised and adjusted to the 1933 Census of
Manufactures as explained in the preceding issue of this publication.
Table 3.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, November 1936
Manufacturing (indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25— 100)
Industry
Average weekly
earnings 1
Employment
Pay rolls
Percentage
Index
change from—
N o
vem
ber
N o
1936
Octo
vem
ber
(re
ber
vised
1936
1935
series)2
Percentage
Index
change from—
N o
vem
ber
N o
1936
Octo
vem
ber
(re
ber
1936
vised
1935
series)2
Average hours worked
per week i
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Novem- ber
1936
Octo
ber
1936
N o
vem
ber
1935
Average hourly
earnings 1
N o
vem
ber
1936
Octo
ber
1936
N o
vem
ber
1935
Percentage
change from—
N o
vem
ber
1936
Octo
ber
1936
N o
vem
ber
1935
All m anufacturing industries___________ ______
96.7
+ 0 .2
+ 9 .0
90.5
+ 1 .9
+19.9
$23.94
+ 1 .7
+10.0
40.6
+ 0 .1
+ 7 .2
Cents
58.0
+ 1 .2
+ 2 .1
Durable goods____ ___________________ ______
Nondurable goods. ...... ............ .......................
90.6
103.2
+ 1 .9
- 1 .4
+13.1
+ 5 .4
88.5
93.0
+ 4 .1
-.7
+27.2
+12.2
27.13
20.55
+ 2 .2
+ .7
+12.4
+ 6 .4
42.7
38.4
+ .7
-.6
+ 8 .9
+ 5 .0
62.7
53.2
+ 1 .5
+ .4
+ 2 .7
+ .7
97.8
107.7
80.6
65.6
+ .2
-.2
+ 2 .8
- 1 .1
+16.7
+18.0
+14.1
+20.1
94.4
105.0
88.6
47.8
+ 2 .5
+ 3 .1
+ 2. 3
-3 .7
+36.6
+40.5
+ 34.4
+43.5
27.47
29.13
25.41
19.91
+ 2 .2
+ 3 .3
-.4
- 2 .6
+17.0
+19.0
+ 17.9
+19.3
43.4
43.5
44.2
39.4
+ 1 .0
+ 2 .4
-. 1
- 3 .3
+ 14.3
+17.6
+17. 5
+18.0
63.2
67.3
57.5
49.9
+ 1 .3
+ 1 .4
-.4
+ .8
+ 1 .9
+ 1 .7
+• 2
+ .9
85.8
64.4
73.4
85.8
+ 3.3
+6.1
+ 8 .0
+ .3
+6.8
+16.2
+14.2
+ .4
82. 5
58.3
83.6
63.3
+5. 3
+12.6
+14.3
-4 .0
+19.0
+28.4
+ 30.2
+ 9 .2
23. 75
28. 21
26.20
22.85
+ 2 .0
+ 6 .2
+ 5 .8
- 4 .4
+11.4
+10.6
+ 14.0
+ 8 .8
45.4
44.5
44.8
39.5
+ 1 .2
+ 5 .1
+ .5
-5 .0
+10.8
+ 5 .9
+ 8 .7
+ 4 .7
52.3
63.6
59.3
57.8
+• 7
+ 1 .0
+ 6 .2
+ .6
+ .4
+ 4 .2
+ 5 .5
+ 3 .5
73.7
114.6
73.2
95.8
+ .9
- 2 .1
- 2 .2
-6 .7
+20.4
+12.2
+32.4
+ 2.3
65.9
102.9
65.5
92.2
+• 6
- 5 .4
-4 .3
-5 .2
+38.9
+28.5
+58.3
+ 4 .8
26. 05
25.99
25.23
21.22
-.4
- 3 .4
-2 .2
+ 1 .7
+15.1
+ 14.2
+19.1
+ 2 .6
43.4
44.2
43.0
39.2
-.3
-4 .4
-2 .3
+ .3
+12.0
+13.6
+19.3
+ 1 .9
59.9
59.1
58.7
54.5
-.2
+ .7
+• 1
+ 1 .3
+ 2 .5
+ .1
-.2
+ .6
93.5
164.2
+ 4 .3
+ 6 .5
+21.3
+24.6
97.6
167.0
+ 3 .7
+14.2
+29.6
+39.4
24. 34
25.04
-.7
+ 7 .2
+ 6 .9
+11.8
45.1
45.2
-1 .0
+ 4 .9
+ 7 .4
+11.8
53.9
55.4
+. 6
+ 2 .2
-.2
+ .2
111.3
91.1
+ 1 .6
- 4 .4
+15.3
-1 9 .6
105.4
97.3
+ 2 .8
-3 .7
+27.0
-1 6 .5
26.16
24. 54
+ 1 .2
+ .8
+10.1
+ 3 .8
42.4
40.2
+ .4
-.8
+ 7 .6
+ 3 .0
61.7
61.1
+ 1 .0
+ .8
+ 2 .7
+ .4
119.5
103.0
116.8
97.0
+ .5
+ 3 .5
+ 4 .5
+ 1 .4
+10.7
+20.4
+ 9 .2
+20.8
111.6
96.8
105.3
93.3
-4 .2
+ 4 .5
+ 6 .2
+ 3 .4
+ 19.7
+31.4
+15.8
+35.6
28.83
25. 97
28.00
26. 71
-4 .7
+ 1 .0
+ 1 .6
+ 2 .0
+ 8 .1
+ 9 .0
+ 6 .0
+ 12.2
40.0
41.4
40.3
43.8
-7 .0
+ 1 .3
+ .6
+ 1 .1
+ 3 .2
+ 7 .6
+ 4 .0
+ 9 .7
72.8
62.3
69.6
60.9
+ 2 .1
+• 1
+ .9
+ 1 .2
+ 4 .6
+ 1 .8
+ 2 .0
+ 3 .0
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not in
cluding machinery ________________________
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling m ills. _
__ _ _
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets___
Cast-iron pipe____
__ _
_ _
___ _
Cutlery (not including silver and plated
cutlery) and edge tools. __ _________ __
Forgings iron and steeL. ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
Hardware _ .
_______________________ __
Plumbers’ supplies______ __________ __ _
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings. -------------------------------------------Stoves ________
_______
_ —
---------Structural and ornamental metalwork-----------Tin cans and other tinware_______
______
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and s a w s )___________________________
W irework_____
___ ________ __ _ __
Machinery, not including transportation
equipm ent __________________________________
Agricultural im plem ents.__
------- ----- ___
Cash registers, adding machines, and calcu
lating machines---------_ ------Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.
Engines, turbines, tractors, and water w heels..
Foundry and machine-shop products------ -------
Maohine tools____ ___________________________
Radios and phonographs_____________________
Textile machinery and parts--------------------------Typewriters and parts________________________
T r a n s p o r ta tio n e q u ip m e n t _____ _____________
Aircraft_________________________ ____________
A utom obiles_________________________________
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad_____________
Locom otives. _________________________________
Shipbuilding_________________________________
R a ilro a d repair s h o p s __________________________
Electric railroad-_____ ______________________ _
Steam railroad_______________________________
N o n fe rr o u s m e ta ls a n d th e ir p r o d u c ts _______
Aluminum manufactures_____________ ______
Brass, bronze, and copper products..................
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices.
Jewelry______ _____________________ ______. . . .
Lighting equipment—................... ............. .......
Silverware and plated ware__________________
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.
Stamped and enameled w a re .._____ _________
L u m b e r a n d allied p r o d u c t s . _____________
Furniture___ ________________________________
Lum ber:
M illw ork_________________________________
Sawmills____________________________ ____
S to n e , cla y , a n d glass p r o d u c ts _______________
Brick, tile, and terra cotta____________________
Cement______________________________________
Glass_________________________________________
Marble, granite, slate, and other products____
Pottery____ ______________________ __________
Nondurable goods
T extiles a n d th eir p r o d u c ts _____________ _______
Fabrics______________________________________
Carpets and rugs_________________________
Cotton goods_____________________________
Cotton small wares______________ ________
Dyeing and finishing textiles_____________
Hats, fur-felt_______ ______________________
Knit goods_______________ ________________
Silk and rayon goods_______________ _____
Woolen and worsted goods__________ ____
W earing apparel____________ ________________
Clothing, m en’s_________________ _______
Clothing, w om en’s________ _______________
Corsets and allied garments_________ ____
M en’s furnishings_______ ________________
M illinery________ ________________________
Shirts and collars_______________ __________
See footnotes at end of table.
+ 1 .6
+31.2
-4 .7
-1 .4
+ 1 .7
+21.8
+ 4 .3
+31.9
+ 18.3 +£3. 7
+ 4 .8
+23.6
+23.9
+20.4
- 3 .5
+76.8
+ 4 .4 +106.1
-5 .7
+25.6
+ 2 .0
+24.0
+ 3 .0
+10.4
+25.2
+ 2 .1
+ 2 .3
+23.9
+ 3 .9
+27.9
+ .9
+24.4
+ 5 .0
+19.9
- 7 .3
+24.5
+17.1
+36.6
+ 4. 7 +21.3
+ 3 .2
+19.6
+ .4
+21.8
- 4 .3
+21.4
+ .8
+32.1
29.28
21.11
24.35
25.81
31.29
26. 93
32. 27
24. 50
27.31
27.68
30.78
29.06
31.06
25.08
24. 56
26.28
23. 73
23.75
25. 46
26. 96
26.00
23.18
20.12
20. 79
+ .2
- 1 .3
+ .7
-.2
+ 5 .0
+ .3
+ 6 .3
-1 .5
+ 1 .8
-.6
+ 1 .7
+ 3 .1
+ 1 .7
+ .7
+ 2 .5
-.5
+ 2 .5
- 6 .1
+ 9 .6
+ 1 .9
+ 2 .8
-.6
- 2 .3
-.7
+ 8 .6
+ 5 .0
+ 8 .0
+ 9 .3
+ 9 .5
-2 .2
+ 9 .8
+15.3
+24.5
+ 8 .4
+ 9 .8
+ 7 .4
+10.2
+11.6
+ 9 .3
+11.5
+ 6 .2
+10.9
+11.8
+17.1
+15.1
+11.9
+11.8
+13.9
-.5
45.5
-3 .2
38.6
-.4
40.7
-.6
45.5
41.0
+ 3 .2
43.1
+• 1
41.6 * + 3 .9
-2 .2
38.7
+ 1 .5
42.9
35.7
- 1 .1
+ 1 .6
44.8
+ 3 .0
44.8
+ 1 .5
44.8
+ .2
43.9
43.4
+ 2 .6
-.5
43.3
+ 1 .8
46.6
-7 .4
41.7
+ 5 .4
45.4
+ 2 .4
46.4
+ 3 .7
43.5
-1 .4
43.4
-2 .1
43.5
45.3
-1 .8
+ 6 .6
-1 .2
+ 10.2
+ 12.4
+ 5 .6
-.6
+ 5 .4
+ 11.4
+19.8
+ 8 .4
+ 8 .9
+ 5 .1
+ 9 .4
+ 7 .6
+ 4 .7
+ 5 .5
+ 2 .7
+ 8 .9
+ 9 .4
+ 23 .0
+ 8 .7
+ 7 .6
+ 8 .3
+10.8
64.3
54.7
60.0
56.8
76.5
63.1
77.9
63.2
63.6
77.2
69.2
63.4
69.7
56.9
56.6
60.8
50.5
56.5
56.2
57.8
59.7
53.5
46.3
46.1
+ .8
+ 2 .0
+ 1 .5
+ 1 .2
+ 2 .2
-.1
+ 2 .4
+ .7
+ .3
+ ( 3)
+ .1
+ .1
+ .1
+ .5
+ .4
-.1
+ .6
+ 1 .4
+ 4 .0
-.3
-.9
+ .5
-.8
+ 1 .0
+ 2 .0
+ 6 .5
- 1 .7
+ .7
+ 3 .7
- 1 .4
+ 4 .8
+ 3 .5
+ 3 .8
+ .6
+ 1 .1
+ 2 .2
+1. o
+ 3 .8
+ 4 .7
+5. 6
+ 2 .7
+• 1
+ 2 .3
- 4 .3
+ 6 .2
+ 4 .7
+ .9
+ 3 .6
49.6
42.7
61.1
41.1
63.1
99.4
34.2
67.1
-.5
-9 .2
-2 .2
-.4
+ 1 .7
- 3 .5
-1 0 .4
+ 1 .4
+30.5
+11.5
+25.5
+40.4
+53.5
+10.6
+ 41.2
+18.3
21.45
19.09
23.23
20.17
24. 37
24. 50
23.60
23. 35
-.5
-4 .7
+ .4
-.3
+ 3 .8
+ 2 .4
- 8 .3
+ 1 .5
+14.1
+ 8 .8
+14.5
+14.7
+24.2
+13.7
+15.3
+12.5
45.4
41.9
41.4
44.0
41.6
40.3
36.9
42.0
-.9
-2 .8
+ .5
-1 .2
+ 3 .4
+ 3 .5
-8 .8
-1 .0
+12.9
+ 7 .8
+11.6
+ 12.7
+ 22.2
+ 9 .1
+16.9
+ 9 .3
47.3
46.2
56.0
46.1
58.6
60.9
63.4
55.7
+. 3
-2 .0
-.4
+ 1 .1
+ .3
- 1 .1
-.5
+ .2
+ .9
+• 6
+ 1 .7
+ 1 .0
+ 2 .0
+ 4 .2
-1 .0
+ 1 .5
87.2
86.7
89.6
87.9
97.8
100.6
68.0
124.2
63.8
66.1
84.6
79.3
102.7
88.1
125.5
31.2
116.4
- 1 .5
+ 1 .9
-.2
+ 1 .6
-2 .0
+ 2 .9
+ 11.8
+ ( 3)
-4 .8
+ 9 .3
-7 .5
-3 .4
-1 3 .8
-2 .6
+ 6 .7
-1 8 .3
+ .5
+ 8 .1
+ 6 .6
+31.8
+17.7
+ 9 .3
+ 8 .6
+ 8 .7
+ 3 .5
-4 .8
-8 .4
+11.0
+ 8 .9
+13.1
+ 8 .1
+13.8
+10.4
+10.2
16.76
16. 54
22. 51
14. 02
17. 47
20. 66
22.18
17.84
15.84
18.15
17.39
17.90
18. 25
16.05
15.99
18. 35
14.05
- 2 .0
+ .2
- 1 .1
-.3
-3 .9
+. 3
+12.5
+• 3
-3 .0
+ 2 .4
- 5 .7
- 2 .1
-1 1 .0
-3 .4
+ 3 .2
- 3 .3
-.6
+ 3 .2
+ 3 .4
+19.5
+ 5 .3
+ 3 .6
+ 10.0
+12.4
+ .7
+ 1 .1
+ 2 .2
+ 2 .7
+ 3 .5
+ 2 .2
+ 5 .1
-2 .9
+ 6 .8
+ 1 .4
36.5
38.2
40.0
38.3
39.3
40.4
32.3
38.4
37.5
36.7
33.1
32.1
31.8
35.0
38.6
28.8
37.8
-.8
+ .2
-1 .3
-.3
-2 .7
+ (3)
+17.2
+ 1 .0
-2 .2
+ 2 .2
-3 .5
-2 .4
-5 .8
-4 .6
-1 .3
-7 .2
-1 .5
+ 5 .2
+ 5 .4
+20.4
+ 5 .9
+ 6 .5
+ 13.8
+12.4
+ 2 .0
+ 6 .0
+ 1. 2
+ 6 .0
+ 11.5
+ 2 .9
+ 8 .7
+. 4
+ 6 .8
+ 1 .6
45.9
43.4
56.3
36.6
44.5
50.8
67.7
47.4
42.2
49.6
51.0
55.2
53.8
45.0
36.3
58.8
37.0
- 1 .6
-.2
+ .2
-.1
-.8
+. 5
- 3 .6
-.5
- 1 .1
+ .2
- 3 .4
-.2
- 7 .5
+ .5
+• 6
+ 1 .9
+ 1 .1
- 2 .2
- 1 .7
-.3
-.1
-2 .1
- 3 .8
-.2
-.7
-4 .8
+ .9
-3 .0
- 3 .6
- 2 .3
- 2 .3
- 2 .2
-2 .6
- 1 .2
127.8
210.6
74.0
139.0
114.7
532.4
128.3
60.1
40.5
97.4
60.6
63.3
60.4
110.0
118.8
112.9
120.5
100.7
97.2
73.8
79.4
156.0
67.8
88.3
+ 1 .3
- 3 .5
+ 1 .0
+ 4 .5
+12.7
+ 4 .4
+16.6
- 2 .0
+ 2 .5
- 5 .1
+. 3
(3)
+. 4
+ 1 .6
+ 1.4
+ 1 .4
+ 2 .4
- 1 .3
+ 6 .9
+ 2 .8
+ .4
+ 1.1
- 2 .0
+1. 6
+20.7
- 6 .2
+13.0
+20.7
+12.9
+26.4
+ 9.6
+53.2
+65.3
+15.8
+12.8
+ 2 .8
+13.8
+11.1
+16.8
+11.5
+12.9
+12.2
+21.9
+ 3.5
+ 4 .0
+ 8.9
+ 8 .5
+15.9
124.4
169.4
67.4
134.4
112.9
389.8
125.8
60.6
28.2
97.3
65.2
65.5
65.4
102.0
114.9
103.8
121.9
78.0
97.0
71.6
70.0
155.0
60.8
77.6
53.4
49.9
67.3
49.6
64.2
97.6
43.3
77.0
+ ( 3)
-4 .8
- 2 .6
(3)
—2. 0
—5. 8
- 2 .3
-.1
+14.2
+ 2 .9
+ 9 .6
+22.4
+23.4
- 2 .7
+22.7
+ 5 .2
104.8
98.8
94.3
99.5
103.6
117.8
82.7
121.0
80.0
83.8
116.0
106.5
158.1
90.4
143.0
47.8
124.7
+ .5
+ 1 .8
+. 9
+ 1 .9
+ 2 .0
+ 2 .6
-.7
-.3
- 1 .9
+ 6 .7
- 1 .9
- 1 .4
- 3 .2
+. 8
+ 3 .4
-1 5 .6
+ 1 .0
+ 4.7
+ 3.1
+10.3
+11.8
+ 5 .6
- 1 .4
- 3 .2
+ 2 .8
- 6 .0
-1 0 .4
+ 8.1
+ 4.9
+10.8
+ 2 .8
+17.2
+ 3 .4
+ 8 .5
Table 3,— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, November 1936— Con.
Manufacturing {indexes are based on 3-year average, 1 9 2 3 -2 5 = 1 0 0 )— Continued
Industry
Index
N o
vem
ber
1936
(re
vised
series)2
Percentage
change from—
Average weekly
earnings 1
Pay rolls
Employment
Percentage
Index
change from—
N o
vem
ber
N o
1936
Octo
vem
(re
ber
ber
vised
1936
1935
series)2
N o
vem
ber
1936
Octo
ber
1936
N o
vem
ber
1935
89.0
87.8
98.4
114.1
133. 0
183.0
82.0
113.1
91.9
74.7
62.2
96.9
273.6
68.0
65.9
57.1
66.9
105.0
106.2
111.9
- 4 .1
- 5 .5
+ 1.2
- 8 .1
+ .3
- 4 .1
-.9
-4 2 .7
+ 1 .0
- 2 .8
- 5 .4
+ 5 .6
+ .7
-1 0 .4
+ 2 .2
+. 9
+ 2 .4
+ 1 .0
+ .7
+ 1.1
+ 2 .9
+ 4 .3
- 1 .2
+ 5.8
+ 5 .6
+11.0
+ 2.4
-.7
+ 6.1
- 3 .7
+ 3 .6
+15.0
+ 2 .2
-1 0 .5
+ 4 .3
+ .9
+ 4 .6
+ 5.6
+ 6.1
+ 4.1
67.3
58.2
100.8
108.3
120.4
191.3
65.1
98.2
84.6
70.4
56.3
99.8
268.8
58.6
54.8
62.1
53.9
98.6
108.8
104.5
-9 .1
-1 3 .6
+ 1 .8
- 2 .9
+ 1 .2
-3 .8
+ ( 3)
-4 5 .2
-2 .0
-3 .3
-2 .7
+12.5
+33.1
-4 .4
+ .2
+ 1 .9
+. 1
+ 2 .2
+ .7
+ 2 .6
+ 4 .5
+ 4 .5
+ 4 .7
+14.0
+11.2
+13.8
+ 9 .6
+ 6 .8
+12.7
+ 1. 6
+ 8 .6
+26.8
+14.7
+ 1 .4
+ 7 .9
+ 9 .9
+ 7 .6
+13.6
+13.4
+14.7
95.6
105.3
+ 1 .4
+ .5
+ 8 .5
+ 3.9
87.6
101.8
+ 3 .3
+ 1 .2
119.7
119.4
130.0
103.6
105.9
95.4
—.5
-.7
+ .1
+ .1
+ 1 .4
+ 2 .4
+ 4 .5
+ 4 .9
+11.7
- 4 .3
+ 1 .4
+13.5
114.8
113.4
127.5
83.1
112.7
98.3
+ .3
-.4
+ 2 .3
-1 .6
+. 1
+ 2 .2
Average hours worked
per week 1
Percentage
change from—
Octo
ber
1936
N o
vem
ber
1935
$17.45
15.90
22.79
22.63
23. 57
30. 65
22.43
14.00
16. 69
23.89
27. 67
25. 76
22. 52
23.13
15.21
16.11
15.04
27.32
20.81
23. 47
-5 .1
-8 .6
+. 6
+ 5 .7
+ .9
+ .3
+ .9
-4 .4
- 3 .0
—. 6
+ 2 .9
+ 6 .5
+32.2
+ 6 .7
- 1 .9
+ 1 .1
- 2 .3
+ 1 .2
+ ( 3)
+ 1 .5
+ 1 .5
+. 1
+ 6 .2
+ 7 .7
+ 5 .3
+ 2 .5
+ 7 .2
+ 7 .6
+ 6 .3
+ 5 .5
+ 4 .8
+10.5
+12.1
+13.4
+ 3 .5
+ 9 .3
+ 2 .8
+ 7 .6
+ 6 .9
+10.4
+14.9
+11.3
29 09
36. 32
+ 1 .9
+ .7
+13.1
+13.1
+20.3
-1 .4
+ 11.8
+28.5
24.92
22. 75
27. 38
11.20
22.88
28.43
+ .8
+• 2
+ 2 .2
-1 .8
-1 .3
-.2
Average hourly
• earnings 1
Percentage
change from—
N o
vem
ber
1936
Percentage
change from—
N o
vem
ber
1936
Octo
ber
1936
N o
vem
ber
1935
35.1
33.6
40.1
42.4
43.0
39.0
47.4
36.0
42.7
44.6
47.3
44.0
53.1
41.3
36.8
35.8
36.9
40.9
44.6
43.5
- 4 .6
-6 .3
+ .4
+ .8
+ .3
-1 .5
-.1
-1 0 -5
- 1 .4
- 1 .0
+ 1 .1
+ 2 .0
+38.8
+13.4
- 2 .3
- 1 .1
- 2 .5
+ 1 .4
+ .8
+ 1.1
+ 2 .5
+ 2 .6
+ 4.1
+ 5.7
+ 7 .2
+ .8
+ 5 .8
+ 6 .0
+10.6
+ 7 .4
+ 3 .5
+ 6.7
+ 7 .2
+13.8
+ 2 .8
+ 5 .1
+ 2 .5
+ 6 .2
+ 8 .9
+ 8 .0
Cents
50.9
49.3
56.5
53.2
55.0
78 6
46.7
39.8
39.3
53.0
57.6
58.5
43.2
53.0
41.1
45.0
40.6
69.8
47.0
54.0
0.0
-.2
+. 1
+ 4 .5
+. 5
+ 1 .8
+ 2 .0
+ 6 .1
-1 .8
+ .2
+ 1 .5
+ 4 .5
- 3 .4
-1 0 .9
_ (3 )
+ 2 .1
-.1
- (3 )
-.8
+ .2
-2 .1
-3 .5
+1.*
+ 3. (
+1.1
+1.C
+ 3 .1
+4.1
-4 .S
-2 .1
-A
+3J
+5.4
—4. (
+ .4
+4.1
+ .5
+ .*
- 1.1
+2.C
+ 5 .8
+ 6 .9
39.6
37.6
+ 2 .4
+ .9
+ 5 .2
+ 3 .7
74.5
93.4
_(3 )
+ .2
+ .4
+1.2
+ 8 .2
+ 7 .8
+7. 7
+ 2 .9
+10.2
+13.5
39.8
41.0
41.6
53.6
40.4
41.3
—.5
- 1 .1
+ 1 .6
+ .5
+ .5
-.7
+ 3 .8
+ 3 .1
+ 3 .7
+ 6 .8
+ 9 .5
+10.8
63.8
56.8
65.9
20.9
54.1
68.8
+ 1 .2
+ 1 .2
+ .5
- 2 .1
- 1 .4
+ .6
+4.5
+4. "4
+3.*
-3 .S
- .S
+2.8
Octo
ber
1936
N o
vem
ber
1935
Nondurable goods—Continued
Leather and its m anufactures..............................
Boots and shoes______________________________
Leather........ .............. .............. ............ ....................
Food and kindred products..................................
Baking............. .......... ......................... .....................
Beverages----------------------- -------------------------------Butter------------------------- ------------ ----------------------Canning and preserving..................... .................
C onfectionery........................................................ F lour_______________ _________________________
Ice cream.................................................................
Slaughtering and meat packing____ __________
Sugar, beet----------------------------- ----------- -----------Sugar refining, cane______ ____________________
Tobacco m anufactures__________________ ______
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff_____
Cigars and cigarettes........................... ................ .
Paper and printing______ ______________________
Boxes, paper_________ ________________________
Paper and p ulp ___ ___________________________
Printing and publishing:
Book and jo b ------------------- -----------------------Newspapers and periodicals___
_______
Chemicals and allied products, and petro
leu m refining................................ ..........................
Other than petroleum refining........... ..................
Chemicals________ ________________________
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal__________
Druggists’ preparations............ ..................
Explosives.........................................................
Fertilizers_______________ ________________
Paints and varnishes......................................
R ayon and allied products............................
Soap___...............................................................
Petroleum r e f i n i n g . _____ __________________
R ubber products......................................... .................
R ubber boots and shoes_______ ______________
R ubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires,
and inner tubes........ _•.........................................
R ubber tires and inner tubes...............................
69.8
125.3
364.0
102.5
121.1
100.0
79.9
-9 .2
-2 .6
+ .7
- 4 .3
+• 4
+ 2 .1
+ 1 .9
- 4 .1
+ 2 .4
+ 4 .0
+. 6
+ 3.2
+16.0
+13.9
63.1
116.8
299.6
101.6
119.1
101.2
69.2
-9 .4
-2 .3
- 2 .6
-3 .5
+ 2 .8
+ 4 .5
+ 6 .7
+ 6 .5
+ 9 .6
+ 7 .8
+ 5 .4
+13.5
+31.1
+29.5
14. 77
25.61
20.36
24.31
30.43
27.30
21. 55
-.1
+ .3
- 3 .3
+. 8
+ 2 .3
+ 2 .3
+ 4 .7
+11.0
+ 7 .0
+ 3 .6
+ 5 .0
+ 9 .9
+ 12.9
+13.8
39.3
42.2
37.1
39.9
36.5
38.7
40.8
-1 .7
-.9
-5 .4
- 1 .6
+ 1 .7
+. 9
+ 3 .7
+11.8
+ 4 .3
- 3 .7
+ 3 .6
+ 5 .6
+ 8 .1
+11.7
37.6
60.9
54.9
61.2
83.9
71.9
52.8
+ 1 .7
+ 1 .1
+ 2 .2
+ 2 .5
+• 7
+ 1 .3
+ 1 .0
+• 1
+ 2 .5
+ 7 .9
+ 1 .6
+ 4 .2
+ 4 .4
+ .4
135.6
90.9
+ 2 .1
+ 2 .2
+10.4
+20.7
130.5
98.9
+ 1 .8
+ 5 .4
+23.7
+35.3
22.48
31.82
-.2
+ 3 .1
+12.3
+ 11.8
41.8
36.1
- 1 .3
+ 1 .6
+ 9 .7
+ 6 .8
54.3
89.0
+ 1 .3
+ 1 .3
+ 3 .3
+ 4 .2
-1 7 .2
+ 1 .2
+ 3 .1
- 2 .1
+ .9
+23.6
+16.0
+10.2
+19.3
+ 7 .3
83.0
79.5
62.6
48.3
77.2
- 1 .6
-.5
+ .6
-.2
+ .6
+ 2 .9
- 2 .5
+ 5 .5
+ .8
- 3 .3
Nonmanufacturing {indexes are based on 12-month average 1929— 100)
Coal mining:
Anthracite...............................................................
Bituminous..............................................................
Metalliferous m ining...................... ..............................
Quarrying and nonmetallic m ining............. ..............
Crude-petroleum producing........................................
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph................................. .
Electric light and power and manufactured
gas-------------------------------------------------- ------- —
Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and
maintenance..........................................................
Trade:
Wholesale............................................ .....................
R etail.--------------------------------------------------------General merchandising-------------- --------------Other than general merchandising________
Hotels (year-round) *__________ __________________
Laundries__________ _____________________________
D yeing and cleaning______ ____________________
Brokerage........................................... ....................... .
Insurance____ ___________________________________
Building construction........ ...........................................
+ 3 .2
+ 1 .6
- 2 .0
- 3 .6
—.6
+10.4
+ 8 .2
+19.6
+12.7
+ .3
40.3
80.7
54.6
43.5
60.1
-1 7 .1
+ 1 .9
+ 1 .6
- 5 .9
+ .9
73.7
-.2
+ 5.6
81.6
93.5
-.5
+ 6.7
91.8
73.0
-.1
+ 2.7
89.7
90.4
110.4
85.1
84.6
87.0
81.3
(5)
(5)
(5)
+. 9
+ 1 .9
+ 6 .3
+ .5
- 1 .0
-.7
- 6 .0
+ 1 .4
-.1
- 1 .9
+ 3.8
+ 6 .9
+ 8.7
+ 6.1
+ 3.8
+ 7.1
+ 6.5
+14.1
+ 1.1
+33.1
51.5
82.3
62.9
52.6
73.2
+41.9
+23.1
+37.8
+35.5
+ 5 .0
22.75
25.02
27. 63
20.80
30. 49
-1 9 .6
+ .3
+ 3 .7
-2 .4
+ 1 .5
+28.4
+13.7
+ 15.3
+20.2
+ 4 .7
- 1 .8
+ 9 .0
29. 65
-1 .6
+ 3 .2
38.6
- 2 .8
-.9
79.6
+ 1.1
+ 4 .6
- 1 .0
+10.1
31.93
-.5
+ 3 .2
39.9
-2 .4
+ .7
80.4
+ 2 .0
+ 2 .7
69.7
+ 2 .9
+ 9 .2
31.05
+ 3 .1
+ 6 .4
46.9
+ 1 .4
+ 3 .1
65.1
+ 1 .4
+ 3 .2
73.2
70.1
91.4
65.7
69.6
74.5
60.2
(5)
(5)
(5)
+ 2 .2
+ 2 .6
+ 4 .8
+ 2 .1
+ .1
- 1 .1
-9 .6
+ 2 .2
+ 1 .7 .
-.1
+ 9 .4
+10.6
+11.4
+10.3
+ 7 .5
+11. 6
+ 8 .8
+20.4
+ 4 .9
+61.5
29. 25
20.56
17.23
23. 66
14.18
15.95
18.15
37.75
38.02
28.89
+ 1 .4
+ .7
-1 .4
+ 1 .6
+ 1 .1
-.4
-3 .8
+ .7
+ 1 .8
+ 1 .8
+ 5 .4
+ 3 .6
+ 2. 5
+ 3 .9
+ 3 .5
+ 4 .4
+ 2 .1
+ 5 .4
+ 3 .8
+21.4
43.3
44.0
41.7
44.8
47.7
42.1
42.2
(5)
(*)
33.9
+ .4
+ .6
+ 2 .0
+ .3
-.2
-1 .0
-3 .0
(5)
(5)
-.1
+ 2 .9
+ 3 .0
+ 6 .1
+ 2 .4
+ .6
+ 3 .3
+ 2 .2
(5)
(5)
+14.0
67.4
51.9
45.1
54.3
29.6
37.6
44.3
(5)
(«)
85.0
+. 8
+ ( 3)
- 1 .9
+ .8
+ .5
+ .6
-.7
(5)
(5)
+ 2 .0
+ 2 .6
+ .6
-1 .9
+ 1.1
+ 2 .9
+ 1 .3
+ 1 .3
(5)
(5)
+ 6 .4
27.5
31.8
44.2
42.9
39.2
1 Average weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished b y all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied b y a
smaller number of establishments as all reporting firms do not furnish man-hours. Percentage changes over year are com puted from indexes. Percentage changes over month in aver
age weekly earnings for the manufacturing groups, for all manufacturing industries combined, and for retail trade are also computed from indexes.
2 Comparable indexes for earlier years are available in mimeographed form and will be furnished b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics on request.
3 Less than 1/10 of 1 percent.
* Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
* N ot available.
13
Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls
G e n e r a l indexes of factory employment and pay rolls, adjusted
to the 1933 Census of Manufactures, are given in table 4 for the
months January 1919 to November 1936. They supersede the
previously published series, which was adjusted only to the 1931
Census. The accompanying chart indicates the trend of factory em
ployment and pay rolls from January 1919 to November 1936 as
shown by the adjusted indexes. Indexes for 13 nonmanufacturing
industries including 2 subgroups under retail trade, by months,
January 1935 to November 1936, inclusive, are presented in table 5.
The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are computed
from returns supplied by representative establishments in 89 manu
facturing industries. The base used in computing these indexes is
the 3-year average 1923-25 as 100. In November 1936 reports
were received from 25,529 establishments employing 4,666,056 work
ers whose weeldy earnings were $111,702,922. The employment
reports received from these establishments cover more than 55 percent
of the total wage earners in all manufacturing industries of the coun
try and more than 65 percent of the wage earners in the 89 industries
included in the monthly survey of the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The indexes for nonmanufacturing industries are also computed
from data supplied by reporting establishments, but the base is the
12-month average for 1929 as 100.
Data for both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries are
based on reports of the number of employees and amount of pay rolls
for the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month.
Table 4.— General Indexes of Factory Employment and Pay Rolls, by Months,
January 1919 to November 1936, adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures1
[1923-25=100]
M onth
and
year
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
M ay
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
N ov.
Dec.
A ver
age
109.1
108.4
81.3
91,0
105.2
92.1
99.7
101.4
99.3
100.1
107.7
88.6
77.0
61.8
79.6
83.5
86.1
93.4
111.2
107.1
83.3
94.0
105.6
94.3
101.6
103.5
100.4
102.1
108.7
89.5
77.3
65.1
83.2
80.0
88.0
95.3
110.8
103.4
84.1
96.7
104.4
95.1
102.2
103.1
99.5
102.4
107.5
87.6
74.6
66.3
82.8
82.2
89.3
96.5
112.0
97.2
84.2
98.4
103.1
94.7
101.9
101.3
97.3
101. 5
103.3
84.4
72.0
65.5
79.5
80.3
88.7
2 96.7
113.8
89.6
83.2
99.7
101.3
96.1
101.6
100.0
96.0
101.0
99.6
82.1
71.2
64.3
77.6
81.4
88.2
1061,7
107.8
82.2
90.3
104.1
96.4
99.5
101.3
98.9
98.7
104.7
91.3
77.3
65.5
72.0
82.4
85.9
Employment
1919___
1920___
1921___
1922___
1923___
1924----1925—
1926----1927----1928----1929— .
1930—
1931— .
1932—
1933— .
1934....
1935----1936-----
104.8
114.3
80.9
82.5
100.8
100.1
96.5
100.7
98.2
94.8
100.6
97.1
79.5
69.1
62.6
76.5
82.0
86.6
101.6
113.3
82.4
84.5
102.6
101.5
98.2
101.7
99.7
96.4
102.9
97.1
80.1
70.3
63.7
81.1
84.9
86.7
101.9
115.5
83.0
85.7
104. 7
101.7
99.1
102.2
100.3
97.4
104.1
96.7
80.5
69.3
61.5
84.4
86.0
87.8
Footnotes at end of table.
117256— 37-------3
102.0
114.0
82.0
85.5
105.2
100.0
98.9
101.5
99.6
97.0
105.3
96.1
80.4
67.1
62.9
86.0
86.2
89.0
102.6
111.5
81.8
87.8
105.3
96.7
98.2
100.4
99.0
97.0
105.2
94.5
79.8
64.6
65.8
86.2
84.7
89.6
103.8
110.6
80.9
89.5
106.0
93.8
98.1
100.4
99.1
97.6
105.4
92.6
78.0
62.5
70.2
84.9
83.1
89.9
106.5
108.1
79.7
87.8
104.9
90.8
98.0
99.4
98.0
97.5
105.9
89.3
76.9
60.4
74.9
82.4
83.4
91.0
14
Table 4.— General Indexes of Factory Employment and Pay Rolls, by Months,
January 1919 to November 1936, adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures—
Continued
M on th
and
year
Jan.
Feb.
M ar.
Apr.
M ay
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
N ov.
D ec.
100.9
122.7
74.6
83.2
103.8
89.2
99.5
103.3
101.7
103.2
112.0
83.1
65.8
41.0
57.7
63.2
70.9
83.4
105.7
120.9
74.2
87.1
104.2
92.3
98.8
104.3
101.2
104.6
112.8
83.8
63.3
43.5
60.6
59.1
73.5
83.4
103.2
116.9
73.4
89.6
106.5
94.9
104.7
107.4
102.0
108.2
112.3
82.0
61.4
45.3
60.4
62.1
76.3
88.8
107.7 115.0
99.0
108.1
72.5
74.0
93.4
95.7
104.4 102.8
93.4
97.7
104.7 105.1
104.0 103.3
99.4
98.4
105.0 105.7
104.1 100.5
75.0
76.6
58.1
57.5
43.5
42.3
56.5
55.5
60.6
64.1
75.5
77.4
2 90.5 ............
Aver
age
Pay Rolls
1919___
96.2
1920----- 118.3
1921___
83.7
1922___
70.3
1923___
94.8
1924___
98.7
1925—
95.7
1926—
100.9
1927___
98.2
1928___
95.9
1929___ 102.4
1930—
95.6
1931—
69.9
1932—
53.6
1933—
40.1
1934— . 54.6
1935___
64.9
1936—
73.6
90.4
116.7
82.1
73.1
98.1
104.1
100.9
105.1
104.3
101.1
109.3
98.6
74.1
54.8
41.0
61 3
69.9
73.6
91.0
124.8
82.4
75.3
102.8
104.1
102.6
106.6
105.7
102.6
111.6
98.6
75.4
53.1
37.9
65.6
71.6
77.4
90.0
122.0
79.7
74.2
104.1
101.9
100.1
104.3
104.3
100.5
112.7
97.5
74.2
49.4
39.8
68.1
71.6
79.1
90.9
123.5
78.1
77.6
107.5
97.5
100.8
103.0
104.1
101.3
112.9
95.1
73.1
46.8
43.7
68.1
69.3
80.6
92.9
125.3
76.2
80.9
107.7
92.2
98.8
103.2
102.4
101.7
111.2
92.0
69.5
43.5
48.1
66.0
67.3
80.8
95.6
120.4
72.4
78.6
103.4
85.4
96.9
98.9
98.4
99.1
107.1
84.1
66.1
40.2
51.7
61.3
66.4
80.0
98.3
118.2
76.9
81.6
103.3
96.0
100.7
103.7
101.7
102.4
109.1
88.5
67.4
46.4
49.4
62.8
71.2
----
i Comparable revised indexes for each of 89 manufacturing industries, for the durable- and non-durable
goods groups, for 14 divisions under these groups, and for 2 subgroups under textiles are available in m imeo
graphed form and will be supplied on request.
1 The N ovem ber 1936 em ploym ent index without the adjustment would be 92.6, and the corresponding
pay roll index 88.2.
Table 5.— Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Nonmanufacturing
Industries, January 1935 to November 1936 1
[12-month average 1929=100]
Anthracite mining
M on th
E m p loy
ment
Pay rolls
Bituminous-coal
mining
Em ploy
ment
Pay rolls
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Em ploy
ment
E m p loy
ment
P ay rolls
P ay rolls
1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936
January.........
62.9 59.1 57.5 54.4 80.0 79.8 59.6
February______ 64.4 61.2 64.3 76.7 81.1 80.2 66.1
M arch________ 51.4 52.5 38.9 42.6 81.6 80.4 67.5
April__________ 52.6 49.8 49.9 28.6 74.3 77.5 45.0
M a y __________ 53.5 54.9 49.5 56.3 75.3 76.2 49.1
June__________ 56.8 51.2 66.0 42.0 77.9 75.7 64.7
J u ly__...............
A ugust-----------Septem ber____
October_______
N ovem ber____
Decem ber_____
49.4
38.7
46.0
58.8
46.6
57.3
48.4
41.1
47.6
49.9
51.5
Average— 53.2
37.5
28.3
38.2
55.9
28.4
55.4
47.5
See footnotes at end of table.
37.2
31.4
34.9
48.5
40.3
70.0
73.4
77.1
74.3
76.1
79.1
76.7
75.5
76.9
78.2
81.1
82.3
—
35.9
45.8
60.1
69.8
65.5
69.5
58.2
70.6
78.4
70.2
62.6
62.2
61.5
44.3
44.3
45.0
46.0
44.4
46.0
54.2
55.5
55.9
57.5
60.8
61.9
30.1
29.9
30.9
31.8
31.4
31.5
41.7
42.8
45.1
45.5
47.7
48.2
36.9
37.3
40.5
45.3
49.5
50.4
39.4
36.9
42.2
48.4
52.0
53.5
20.8
22.2
24.9
28.9
32.8
33.8
25.5
23.9
30.9
36.1
42.1
44.0
62.6
65.4
71.0
79.2
80.7
45.2
46.3
48.9
51.6
52.6
53.5
61.3
61.6
63.1
64.2
62.9
31.1
33.4
35.4
38.7
39.6
43.2
46.1
48.2
50.0
53.7
54.6
50.9
51.0
50.0
50.0
46.7
43.1
54.4
55.3
54.9
54.6
52.6
34.4
36.3
35.4
36.5
32.1
29.7
43.9
46.2
44.8
46.2
43.5
47.3
33.9
46.0
30.7
15
Table 5.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Nonmanufacturing
Industries, January 1935 to November 1936— Continued
Crude-petroleum
producing
Telephone and
telegraph
Electric light and
power, and manu
factured gas
Electric-railroad and
m o to r b u s o p e ra
tion and mainte
nance a
Em ploy
ment
E m ploy
ment
M onth
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
P ay rolls
Pay rolls
1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936
January...........
February____
M arch-----------A pril____ _____
M a y __________
June__________
71.1
70.8
70.9
71.3
72.7
73.7
55.5
54.9
56.0
56.7
57.
59.2
55.7
55.7
56.0
57.1
58.0
58.9
70.5
70.0
69.8
69.7
70.0
70.2
70.1
69.9
70.2
70.8
71.6
72.1
73.9
72.9
75.3
73.1
73.7
74.4
75.0
76.2
77.2
76.0
78.5
77.4
71.2
71.0
71.3
71.4
71.6
71.7
70.7
71.7
71.2
71.3
71.5
71.7
62.9
63.1
63.4
63.
63.6
63.9
65.0
68.3
67.8
65.9
J u ly__.............
August....... . . .
September___
October______
N ovem ber___
December____
75.4
75.0
74.5
73.6
73.2
58.
60.9
57.9
57.2
60.4
59.7
60.4
59.6
60.1
70.3
70.5
70.4
70.0
73.1
73.5
73.7
73.
73.7
75.7
75.5
73.8
74.
74.9
75.6
71.5
79.
84.8 91.7 81.5
81.2
71.2
93.1 82.8
78.
93.5 84.5 91.4 71.0
83.1 87.4 94.0 84.4 92.7 71.1
81.6 87.6 93.5 83.4 91.
71.1
70.5
86.0
72.4
72.4
72.8
73.1
73.0
63.4
63.3
64.0
64.1
63.8
66.5
66.5
66.4
67.7
69.7
Average-
74.9
57.9
Wholesale trade
M onth
E m ploy
ment
74.5
70.1
Pay rolls
86.1
86.1
86.8
88.0
89.0
90.4
84.8
Total retail trade
E m ploy
ment
82.7
82.2
82.3
82.
83.
83.
P ay rolls
78.0
78.3
79.4
79.0
79.
79.8
84.8
84.7
85.9
86.2
87.0
88.1
71.2
81.4
66.1
66.1
63.7
Retail trade—gen
eral merchandising
Retail trade—other
than general mer
chandising
E m ploy
ment
E m ploy
ment
Pay rolls
Pay rolls
1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936
January_______
February..........
M arch...............
April..................
M a y__________
June.................
84.2
84.6
84.0
83.2
82.5
82.1
85.6
85.0
85.6
85.7
84.6
84.6
63.9
64.6
65.2
64.8
64.6
64.6
66.6
66.6
69.0
67.9
68.2
68.4
79.5
79.2
80.2
83.5
82.2
82.2
80.4
79.7
81.9
85.2
85.0
85.5
59.7
59.3
60.4
62.5
62.0
62.5
62.1
61.6
63.5
65.3
65.8
66.4
87.3
86.2
88.6
94.4
91.3
91.2
88.2
85.1
90.9
97.4
95.5
96.4
73.5
72.3
74.1
77.5
76.3
76.7
76.4
73.9
77.3
81.0
80.8
81.3
77.4
77.3
78.0
80.7
79.8
79.8
78.4
78.3
79.5
82.0
82.3
82.6
56.9
56.6
57.6
59.4
59.0
59.5
59.1
59.1
60.7
62.1
62.7
63.3
July__ ________
August..............
September........
October.............
N ovem ber........
Decem ber.........
82.1
82.7
83.7
85.7
86.4
86.8
85.4
86.3
88.0
89.0
89.7
69.0
69.7
70.6
71.6
73.2
........
79.3
78.0
81.8
83.8
84.6
92.9
83.2
82.4
86.6
88.7
90.4
........
60.5
59.3
62.5
63.2
63.4
69.3
65.1
64.4
66.6
68.3
70.1
85.5
83.1
92.2
97.1
101.6
131.7
90.7
89.4
98.5
103.9
110.4
........
72.0
69.5
77.2
79.8
82.0
104.5
77.3
76.4
82.8
87.2
91.4
........
77.7
76.7
79.1
80.3
80.1
82.7
81.2
80.5
83.5
84.7
85.1
........
58.1
57.2
59.4
59.8
59.6
62.0
62.6
61.9
63.3
64.4
65.7
---------
64.6
64.8
67.2
66.8
66.9
68.6
A verage- 84.0
.....
65.6
.....
82.3
.....
62.1
94.2
.....
78.0
.....
79.1
.....
58.8
See footnotes at end of table.
.....
.....
16
Table 5.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Nonmanufacturing
Industries, January 1935 to November 1936— Continued
Year-round hotels
M onth
E m ploy
ment
P ay rolls
Laundries
E m ploy
ment
D yeing and cleaning
P ay rolls
E m ploy
ment
P ay rolls
1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936 1935 1936
January______________ ______________
February____________________________
M arch__________________________ _____
A pril____________________________ ___
M a y _________________________________
June____________ _______________ ____
80.3
81.1
80.8
81.1
81.6
81.3
81.9
82.8
82.8
83.2
84.1
83.9
62.2
63.5
63.9
63.6
63.7
63.5
64.9
66.5
66.0
66.3
67.0
66.6
79.6
79.6
79.7
80.0
81.1
82.3
81.5
81.2
82.1
83.2
85.5
87.2
63.9
64.1
64.6
65.5
66.6
68.2
68.3
67.8
69.9
70.9
75.6
75.8
70.3
69.6
72.5
79.9
80.9
83.6
71.5
70.3
74.7
81.8
87.3
87.5
50.4
49.8
53.5
61.9
61.7
65.7
51.6
49.0
56.4
64.1
72.2
69.2
J u l y . . . ____ _________________________
August............................................. .........
September______ ____________________
October_______ ______________________
N o v e m b e r __________________________
D ecem ber____________________________
80.3
80.7
81.1
81.6
81.5
80.8
83.3
83.2
84.2
85.4
84.6
62.1
62.0
63.1
64.3
64.8
64.2
66.0
66.1
67.5
69.6
69.6
84.4
84.2
83.0
81.9
81.3
81.1
90.5
89.6
89.6
87.6
87.0
70.9
69.2
67.9
67.1
66.7
67.5
79.0
76.7
76.6
75.3
74.5
81.7
79.4
82.1
80.4
76.3
73.4
85.5
83.5
86.7
86.5
81.3
61.5
58.2
63.1
61.1
55.4
52.9
64.8
63.2
66.1
66.7
60.2
Average_______________________
81.0
63.4
81.5
66.9
77.5
57.9
* Comparable indexes for earlier years for all of these industries, except year-round hotels, will be found
in the N ovem ber 1934 and subsequent issues of this pamphlet, or the February 1935 and subsequent issues
of the M on th ly Labor Review. Comparable indexes for year-round hotels will be found in the June 1935
issue of this pamphlet, or the September 1935 issue of the M on th ly Labor Review.
3 N ot including electric-railroad car building and repairing; see transportation equipm ent and railroad
repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 3.
Trend o f Industrial and Business Employment by States
A c o m p a r i s o n of employment and pay rolls, by States and geo
graphic divisions, in October and November 1936, is shown in table
6 for all groups combined, and for all manufacturing industries com
bined, based on data supplied by reporting establishments. The
percentage changes shown, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted—
that is, the industries included in the manufacturing group and in
the grand total have not been weighted according to their relative
importance.
The totals for all manufacturing industries combined include
figures for miscellaneous manufacturing industries in addition to th«
89 manufacturing industries presented in table 3. The totals for all
groups combined include all manufacturing industries and each of
the nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 3 except building
construction.
17
Table 6.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in October and November 1936, by Geographic Divisions and by States
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State organizations]
Total—All groups
Geographic divi
sion and State
Per
Per
Per
Per
N um Number cent Amount
cent N um Number cent Amount cent
of pay
of pay
ber
ber
on pay
age
age
on
pay
age
age
roll
roll
roll
of
of
roll
change (1 week)
change (1 week) change
chang
estab N ovem from
from estab N ovem from
from
N
ovem
N
ovem
lish
ber
ber
Octo lish
Octo
Octo
Octo
ber
ber
ber
ber
ber
ments
1936
ments
1936
ber
1936
1936
1936
1936
1936
1936
New England....... 14,151
831
M aine................
N ew
H am p
632
shire...............
487
Verm ont.........
Massachusetts. i 8.670
Rhode Island. _ 1,261
2,270
Connecticut___
Middle A tla n tic ..
N ew Y ork ........
N ew Jersey___
Pennsylvania..
Manufacturing
913,668
56,145
Dollars
+ 1 .1 20,154,192
- 2 . 8 1,024,552
+ 1 .0
-7 .8
3,540
299
630,768
44,948
Dollars
+ 1 .1 13,287,615
774,071
-3 .0
+ 0 .9
-8 .8
37,105
18,383
497,090
95,657
209,288
-.6
701,018
381,167
+. 7
+ 1.2 11,181,909
+ 1.8 1,890,307
+ 2 .2 4,975,239
-1 .8
-1 .6
+ 2.4
-3 .8
+ 2.5
206
147
1,695
435
758
29,816
11, 505
295,583
76,472
172,444
-.9
529,390
+ 2 .2
232,509
+ 1 .5 6,290,653
+ 2 .6 1,403,986
+1.1 4,057,006
-2 .8
- 1 .3
+ 3 .2
- 4 .3
+ 2 .2
36,435 2,250,658
24,136 1,029,452
4,031 335,330
8,268 885,876
+ .3
+. 5
+ 1.0
-.1
57,413,113
27,261,578
8,359,861
21, 791,674
-.2
5,074 1,204,210
+ . 6 3 2, 010 445,375
+ 2 .0
* 780 246,676
- 1 .9
2,284 512,159
- . 1 29,741,831 + 0
-.2
+• 1 11,435,534
+ .8 5,982,268 + 2 .4
- . 8 12,324,029 - 1.0
East North Cen
tra l....................... 20,377 2,278,778
8,352 642,345
Ohio...................
Indiana............. 2,837 262,080
Illinois.............. 5 4 ,904 602,331
M ichigan..........
3,798 586,166
W isconsin.........
*986 185, 856
+ 2 .8 60,966,781 + 5.9
+ .7 16,965,082 + 2.9
- 1.1 6,638,956 + 1.8
+ 1 .3 15,100,503 + 2 .3
+ 9 .9 17,642,681 +16.2
+ .5
4 . 4,619,559
West N orth Cen
tral_____________ 11,692
M innesota........
2,157
1,703
Iowa__________
3,146
M issouri...........
North D akota..
529
468
South D akota..
Nebraska..........
1,563
Kansas.............. 9 2,126
433,095
92,395
64,390
172,809
5,419
6,324
35,661
56,097
+. 7
+ 2 .0
+ 2.1
-.3
-.2
-.3
+ .4
+•4
9,951,463
2,233, 985
1,450,201
3,928, 724
128,000
139,183
825,539
1,245,831
+ 2 .2
+ 2.6
+ 4 .9
+ 1 .0
+ .3
+ .4
+ 4 .8
+ 1.1
2,414
414
426
911
44
38
161
420
219,515
43,432
36,870
95, 708
694
2,519
14,074
26,218
+ . 9 4,985,696 + 3 .4
+ 3 .3 1,048,654 + 5 .0
841,772 + 8 .6
+ 4 .0
- 1 .0 2,053,393
+. 1
- 3 .1
18,208 - 3 . 2
+ 2. 5
54,698 + 2 .9
+ .8
340,983 +11.1
627,988 + 1 .3
-.4
834,404
15,455
123, 559
+ 1 . 1 16,193, 637
+ .2
365,348
- . 1 2,781,195
+ 1 .7
+ 2 .0
- 1.0
2,768
86
529
550,816
11,329
81,442
+ .7
- 1 .3
8-.7
9, 733,556
266,008
1, 804,208
+ 1 .7
+ 1 .2
8 - .1
42,552 + 1. l 1,063,865
109,237 + 1.0 2,091,296
3,811,816
151,618 - ( 2)
159,932 + 1 .2 2,414,734
72,296 + 1 .2 1,021,830
114, 867 + 1.1 1,845,283
44,888 + 9.1
798,270
+ 1 .7
+ 3.0
+ 1 .6
+ 1 .6
+ 2 .0
+ 2 .0
+ 7 .9
45
466
255
589
231
368
199
4,105
73,346
59,675
146,255
64,649
88,604
21,411
+ 2 .6
+ .9
- 1 .3
+ 1 .0
+ 1 .4
+ 1 .4
+ 5 .2
137,816
1,360,414
1,487,434
2,168,601
879,440
1,284,363
345,272
+ 3 .2
+ 3 .6
+ 3 .8
+ 1 .4
+ 2 .3
+ 2 .6
+ 2 .2
5,387,753
1,861,962
1,802, 648
1,470, 884
252,259
South A tla n tic ... 11,276
207
Delaware_____
1,543
M aryland.........
District of Co
1,096
lum bia...........
2,254
Virginia.............
1,253
W est V irginiaNorth Carolina. 1,468
802
South Carolina.
1,532
Georgia.............
1,121
Florida..............
7,589 1,744,072 + 3 .0 47,572,076 + 6 .6
2,620 477,834
+ .5 13,018, 749 + 3 .2
909 221, 409 - 1.1 5,692,625 + 1 .9
2,358 403,891 + 1.2 10,075,128 + 2.2
969 492,153 +10.4 15,033,246 +17.5
‘ 733 148, 785 8 + .5 3,752,328 8 - 2.0
East South Cen
tral............... .........
K en tu cky.........
Tennessee-........
Alabama...........
M ississip p i.....
4,523
1,350
1,361
1,269
543
291,900
87,956
101,383
87,585
14,976
+ .7
+ .4
+ .8
+ 1 .3
- 1 .1
+ 1 .8
+ 2 .2
+ .8
+ 2 .8
-.9
1,026
314
386
243
83
183,666
39, 596
75,335
60,634
8,101
+ .6 3,199, 706
801,107
+• 1
+ 1 .0 1,302,079
+ .9
973,698
122,822
-2 .8
+ 1 .6
+ 2 .9
+ .7
+ 2 .3
-3 .2
West South Cen
tral_____________
Arkansas...........
Louisiana..........
Oklahoma_____
Texas............. 11
4,574
">503
1,021
1,382
1,668
197,635
24,999
46,266
39. 407
86,963
+ 1 .2 4,180,581 + 2 .2
420,409 + (2)
+ .s
881, 729 + 2 .8
+ .8
905,808 + 1 .4
+• 4
+ 1.8 1,972,635 + 2 .9
1,059
188
240
139
492
94, 782
17,439
23,930
11,713
41,700
+ .9 1,892,163
275,420
-.4
+ .7
396,578
260,868
+. 6
+ 1.6
959,297
+ 3 .4
+ .s
+ 3 .1
+ 2 .0
+ 4 .7
M ou n tain ..............
M ontana....... .
Idaho _________
W yom in g.........
Colorado______
New M ex ico.__
A rizon a ............
U ta h ..............
4,443
699
477
329
1,256
325
515
625
217
139,024 - 3 .3 3,554,562
620,383
21,311
-.5
12, 227 - 6 .3
291, 755
9, 703
-.5
286,034
47,874 - 3 .1 1,184,171
141,429
6,542 + 1 .9
16, 245 + 3 .5
417,157
21,971 -1 2 .0
525, 503
88,130
3,151 + 1 .4
+ 1 .9
-.4
-2 .5
+ 2 .9
+ 4 .5
+ 1 .9
+ 5 .8
-2 .2
+ 2 .4
601
87
58
37
199
32
46
113
29
See footnotes at end of table.
45,921 - 8 .4 1,114,442 + 1 .5
5, 910 - 3 . 7
157,042 - 4 . 8
4,845 -1 1 .7
108,513 -1 2 .1
2, 252 - 3 . 4
63,283
+• 1
19,491 - 5 .9
478,893 + 9 .5
799 +10.5
13, 269 - 8 .4
3,165
+. 2
73,949 + 2 .1
8,437 -2 0 .1
189,169 - 1 . 8
1,022 + 1 .6
30,324 + 3 .8
18
Table 6.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in October and November 1936, by Geographic Divisions and by States— Con.
Total—All groups
Geographic divi
sion and State
Manufacturing
Per
Per
Per
Per
N um Number cent Amount
cent N um Num ber cent Am ount cent
of pay
of pay
ber
on pay
age
ber
age
on
pay
age
age
roll
roll
roll
change (1 week)
of
of
roll
change
change (1 week)
change
from
estab N ovem from
estab
N
ovem
from
from
Octo
lish
ber
Octo N ovem
Octo lish
ber
Octo N ovem
ber
ber
ber
ments
1936
ber
ber
ments
ber
1936
1936
1936
1936
1936
1936
1936
P a cific------------------- 9,038
Washington___
3, 085
O regon .............
1,365
California_____ 12 4,588
436,398
96, 626
49,885
279,887
Dollars
- 5 .7 11,368,956
- 7 .1 2,399,805
- 8 . 9 1, 218, 504
-4 - 7 7,750,647
- 4 .7
-8 .0
-9 .9
- 2.8
3,351
571
288
1,492
Dollars
m , 03i - 9 . 5 6,363,735
-8 .8
52, 592 -1 1 .1 1, 248, 062 -1 3 .6
27,197 -1 4 .3
617,841 -1 7 .6
156,282 - 8.0 4,396,822 - 6.0
1 Includes banks and trust companies, construction, municipal, agricultural, and office em ploym ent,
amusement and recreation, professional services, and trucking and handling.
2 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
3 Includes laundering and cleaning, water, light, and power.
4 Includes laundries.
5 Includes automobile and miscellaneous services, restaurants, and building and contracting.
6 Includes construction, but not hotels, restaurants, or public works.
7 Does not include logging.
8 W eighted percentage change.
• Includes financial institutions, miscellaneous services, and restaurants.
Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel, and building stone.
“ Includes business and personal service, and real estate.
i2 Includes banks, insurance, and office employment.
Industrial and Business Employment and Pay Rolls in Principal Cities
A c o m p a r i s o n of November employment and pay rolls with the
October totals in 13 cities of the United States having a population
of 500,000 or over is made in table 7. The changes are computed
from reports received from identical establishments in both months.
In addition to reports included in the several industrial groups
regularly covered in the survey by the Bureau, reports have also
been secured from establishments in other industries for inclusion in
these city totals. As information concerning employment in building
construction is not available for all cities at this time, figures for this
industry have not been included in these city totals.
Table 7.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in October and November 1936, by Principal Cities
C ity
N ew York, N . Y . _ ........................... ...........
Chicago, 111....................................................
Philadelphia, P a_____ __________________
Detroit, M ich ............. .................................
Los Angeles, Calif........................................
Cleveland, Ohio......................... .................
St. Louis, M o __________________________
Baltimore, M d ____ _____________________
Boston, Mass.2_______ __________________
Pittsburgh, P a . . ..........................................
San Francisco, Calif___________ _________
Buffalo, N . Y .......... .....................................
Milwaukee, W is_________ ______________
1 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
2 Data relate to “ industrial area.”
Num ber
Number of
establish on pay roll
Novem
ber
ments
1936
16,986
4,729
2,593
1,629
2,702
1, 805
1,598
1,243
1, 579
1, 442
1,658
1, 042
696
636,425
474,413
243,687
383,303
149,359
145,262
133,110
95,389
109,235
213,198
87,496
78,335
79,324
Percentage
change
from
October
1936
H-0.9
+ 1 .6
+. 8
+11.6
-2 .5
+ 1 .4
-0 )
-.2
+ .1
+ .6
-7 .1
+ 2 .1
+ 1 .0
A m ount cf
pay roll
(1 week)
N ovem ber
1936
$15,959, 528
12, 574,376
6, 251,476
12, 213,422
4,105,840
3,905,604
3,131,935
2,232,463
2,772, 502
5,715,022
2,413,801
2, 037,747
2, 044, 598
Percentage
change
from
October
1936
+ 1 .1
+ 2 .7
+ .1
+ 17 .9
+ 1 .6
+ 2 .9
+ 1 .8
+ 2 .5
+ .9
+ .4
-7 .1
+ 1 .5
+ 2 .6
19
Public Employment
E m p l o y m e n t created by the Federal Government includes em
ployment in the regular agencies of the Government, employment on
the various construction programs wholly or partially financed by
Federal funds, and employment on relief-work projects.
Construction projects financed by the Public Works Administra
tion are those projects authorized by title II of the National Indus
trial Recovery Act of June 16, 1933. This program of public works
has been extended to June 30, 1937, by the Emergency Relief Appro
priation Acts of 1935 and 1936.
By authority of Public Resolution No. 11, Seventy-fourth Congress,
approved April 8, 1935, the President, in a series of Executive orders,
inaugurated a broad program of works to be carried out by 61 units
of the Federal Government. The Works Program has been con
tinued by title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936,
cited as the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936. Employ
ment created by this program includes employment on Federal
projects and employment on projects operated by the Works Progress
Administration. Federal projects are those conducted by Federal
agencies which have received allotments from The Works Program
fund. Projects operated by the Works Progress Administration are
those projects conducted under the supervision of the Works Progress
Administration.
The emergency conservation program (Civilian Conservation
Corps) created in April 1933 was further extended under authority
of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. Since July 1,
1936, emergency conservation work has been continued from appro
priations authorized by the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936.
With the following exceptions, statistics on public employment
refer to the month ending on the 15th.
Employment statistics for the Federal service and for emergency
conservation work refer to the number employed on the last day of
the month; pay-roll data are for the entire month. The value of
material orders placed for projects operated by the Works Progress
Administration are for the calendar month. All statistics on National
Youth Administration projects are for the calendar month.
Exccutivc Scrvicc o f the Federal Governm ent
S t a t is t ic s of employment in the executive service of the Federal
Government in November 1935, and October and November 1936,
are given in table 8.
20
Table 8.—Employees in the Executive Service of the United States Government,
November 1935, October and November 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
District of Columbia 2
Outside District of
Columbia
Entire service 2
Item
P erm a T em p o
Total
rary
nent
Em ploym ent:
N um ber of employees:
Novem ber 1936...............
October 1936................ .
N ovem ber 1935._............
Percentage change:
October 1936 to N ovem
ber 1936.......................
N ovem ber 1935 to N ov
ember 1936....................
Labor turn-over, November
1936:
Num ber of:
Separations 5....................
A ccessions5.................. .
Turn-over rate per 100:
Separation rate...............
Accession rate..................
107,777
107, 638
103, 111
P erm a T em p o
rary 3 Total
nent
P e rm a T e m p o
rary 3 Total
nent
7,408 115,185 621,364 102,897 724,261 729,141 110,305 4839,446
7,156 114,794 620,163 106,344 726, 507 727,801 113,500 841, 301
8,088 111, 199 589,394 100,808 690,202 692, 505 108,896 801, 401
+0.13
+ 3. 52
+0.34
+ 0.19
-3 .2 4
-0 .3 1
+0.18
-2 .8 1
- 0 .2 2
+ 4.53
-8 .4 1
+3. 58
+ 5.4 2
+2.07
+ 4.93
+ 5.29
+ 1.2 9
+ 4. 75
870
1,065
728
1,089
1,598
2,154
7,724
8,362
15, 337
12,651
23,061
21,013
8,594
9,427
16,065
13,740
24, 659
23,167
.81
.99
10.00
14.95
1.39
1.87
1.24
1.35
14.66
12.09
3.18
2.90
1.18
1. 29
14.36
12.28
2. 93
2. 76
1 Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month.
2 Includes employees of Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Howard University.
3 N ot including field employees of Post Office Department or 21,876 employees hired under letters of
authorization b y the Department of Agriculture with a pay roll of $1,218,210.
* Includes 363 employees b y transfer previously reported as separations, not actual additions for N ovem
ber.
» N ot including employees transferred within the Government service, as such transfers should not be
regarded as labor turn-over.
The monthly record of employment in the executive service of the
United States Government from November 1935 to November 1936,
inclusive, is shown in table 9.
Table 9.— Employment in the Executive Service of the United States Govern
ment, by Months, November 1935 to November 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
M onth
Outside
District District
of
of
Columbia Columbia
M onth
M a y______ ________
June............. .............
117,229
117,470
700,999
707,156
818,228
824, 626
July................. .........
August_____ ____ _
September.................
October____________
N ovem ber.................
116, 261
115,807
115, 061
114, 794
115,185
714,600
718,697
721, 093
726, 507
724,261
830, 861
834, 504
836,154
841, 301
839, 446
1935
N ovem ber.................
Decem ber..................
Total
1936—Continued
111, 199
112,091
690,202
704, 155
801,401
816, 226
111, 800
112, 708
112, 739
115, 422
689, 499
687, 626
693, 665
695, 315
801, 299
800,334
806, 404
810,767
1936
January.....................
February........ ..........
M arch.......................
A pril...........................
Outside
District
District
of
of
Columbia Columbia
Total
1 Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month.
Construction Projects Financed by Public W orks Adm inistration
D e t a il s concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
during November on construction projects financed by Public Works
Administration funds are given in table 10, by type of project.
21
Table 10.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works
Administration Funds, November 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
T yp e of project
Maximum Weekly
number
em p loyed 2 average
M orth ly
pay-roll
disburse
ments
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Num ber of A ver
age
man-hours
earn
worked
during
ings per
month
hour
Federal projects financed from 'N . I. R . A . funds
All projects 3.................1.......................
Building construction 3........ ..............
Naval vessels........................................
Public roads 5........................................
Reclamation___ ______________ ____
River, harbor, and flood control____
Streets and roads................................
W ater and sewerage_______________
Miscellaneous.................................... .
< 72,219
23,040
15,579
(6)
1,952
14, 548
1,485
392
608
65,925
$6,607,488
19,647
14,744
14,615
1,749
12,937
1,344
327
562
2,211,584
1, 764, 549
704,349
209,757
1,570,618
71, 212
20,854
54,565
8,373,318
$0. 789
$6,045,617
2,423,138
2,170,721
1,323,500
279, 740
1,894,318
157,605
40,526
83, 770
.913
.813
.532
.750
.829
.452
.515
.651
2,969,568
589,134
970,000
194,311
1,204,104
79,364
13,608
25,528
Non-Federal projects financed from N . I. R . A . funds
All projects............................................
42,797
35,903
$3,395, 535
3,833, 531
$0.886
$6,907,482
Building construction.........................
Streets and roads............ ....................
Water and sewerage............................
Miscellaneous____________- ................
20,528
4,005
14,807
3,457
17,121
3,382
12,674
2, 726
1,595,572
271, 552
1,325,999
202,412
1,675, 667
320,815
1,498,659
338,390
.952
.846
.885
.598
3,297,633
511,499
2,425,694
672, 656
Non-Federal “ transportation loan” projects financed from N . I.
R . A . funds
All projects................................... .........
2,110
Railroad construction..........................
Railroad car and locomotive shops._
Operated b y railroads_____ _____
Operated by commercial firm s._
292
1,818
1,656
162
(0
233
(7)
1,484
0
$134, 582
207,237
$0.649
13,176
121,406
109,103
12,303
25, 214
182,023
160,305
21, 718
.523
.667
.681
.566
0
98
(7)
14,731
(7)
Non-Federal projects financed from E . R . A . A. 1935 funds 8
All projects............................................
Building construction..........................
Electrification......................................
H eavy engineering...............................
Reclamation_______________________
River, harbor, and flood control___
Streets and roads............ ............... .....
W ater and sewerage.............................
Miscellaneous..... ..................................
152,041
91,757
582
2,368
2,700
1,366
18, 761
33,512
995
126,940 $10, 716,875
75,888
492
2,055
2,461
1,119
15,153
28,967
805
6, 684, 740
34,833
206,444
239, 651
96,932
876,282
2,500,841
77.152
13,640,080
$0. 786
$20,994,687
7,734,309
49,290
249,453
336,412
147,521
1,672,255
3,364,073
86,767
.864
.707
.828
.712
.657
.524
.743
.889
11,419,260
534,919
1,429,364
264,300
245,259
2,351, 675
4, 632,224
117,686
1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 Includes a maximum of 14,137 and an average of 12,365 employees working on low-cost housing projects
financed from E. R . A. A . funds, who were paid $1,418,943 for 1,588,051 man-hours of labor. Material orders
in the amount of $1,848,265 were placed for these projects. These data are also included in separate tables
covering projects financed from The Works Program.
* Includes weekly average for public roads.
Estimated b y the Bureau of Public Roads.
6 N ot available; average included in total.
7 Data not available.
s These data are also included in separate tables covering projects financed by The Works Program.
22
Federal construction projects are financed by allotments made by
the Public Works Administration to the various agencies and depart
ments of the Federal Government from funds provided under the
National Industrial Recovery Act. The major portion of the lowcost housing program now under way, however, is financed by funds
provided under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935.
The work is performed either by commercial firms, which have been
awarded contracts, or by day labor hired directly by the Federal
agencies.
Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made by the
Public Works Administration from funds available under either the
National Industrial Recovery Act or the Emergency Relief Appro
priation Act of 1935. Most of the allotments have been made to the
States and their political subdivisions, but occasionally allotments
have been made to commercial firms. In financing projects for the
States or their political subdivisions from funds appropriated under the
National Industrial Recovery Act, the Public Works Administration
makes a direct grant of not more than 30 percent of the total labor
and material cost. When funds provided under the Emergency Relief
Appropriation Act of 1935 are used to finance a non-Federal project,
as much as 45 percent of the total cost may be furnished in the
form of a grant. The remaining 55 percent or more of the cost is
financed by the recipient. When circumstances justify such action,
the Public Works Administration may provide the grantee with
the additional funds by means of a loan. Allotments to commer
cial enterprises are made only as loans. All loans made by the
Public Works Administration carry interest charges and have a definite
date of maturity. Collateral posted with the Public Works Adminis
tration to secure loans may be offered for sale to the public. In this
way a revolving fund is provided which enlarges the scope of the
activities of the Public Works Administration.
Commercial loans have been made, for the most part, to railroads.
Railroad work financed by loans made by the Public W orks Adminis
tration falls under three headings: First, construction work in the
form o f electrification, the laying of rails and ties, repairs to buildings,
bridges, e tc .; second, the building and repairing of locom otives and
passenger and freight cars in shops operated by the railroads; and
third, locom otive and passenger- and freight-car building in com
mercial shops.
Monthly Trend
A summary o f employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
projects financed from Public Works Administration funds from July
1933 to N ovem ber 1936 is given in table 11.
23
Table 11.—Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1933 to November 1936, Inclusive,
on Projects Financed From Public Works Administration Funds 1
[Subject to revision]
M axi
mum
number
of wage
earners 2
Year and month
July 1933 to Novem ber 1936, inclusive 3 4_
July to December 1933, inclusive 4_____
January to December 1934, inclusive____
January to December 1935, inclusive 3 4
M onthly
pay-roll
disburse
ments
Number of
man-hours
worked dur
ing month
Average
earnings
per hour
$835, 767,164 1, 270,615, 380
Value of ma
terial orders
placed dur
ing month
$0.658
$1,494,991,242
33, 066, 928
308, 311,143
270,195, 762
61,921, 959
523, 561, 666
391, 579, 803
.534
.589
.690
75,482, 079
s 610, 051, 090
s 439,152,426
1936
January 3_______________________________
February 3______ ____________ _________
March 3__ _____ _______________ .. _____
A p r il3__________________________________
M a y 3___ __________________ __________ .
June 3__________________________________
197,820
176, 764
202, 236
264, 427
315, 393
349, 572
14, 399, 381
12, 220, 479
13, 981,176
18,915. 663
22, 590,878
25, 840, 926
19,195, 535
16,404, 771
18, 519, 649
25, 203, 010
30, 377, 869
34, 418, 037
.750
.745
.755
.751
.744
.751
22, 796, 818
23,460, 743
29, 068, 402
32, 459, 393
« 39, 778, 571
37,803, 419
July 3 6______________ ______ ____________
August 36-_ ___________________________
September 3 «__________ ________ ______
October 3 e_____ ____ _________ __________
N ovem ber 3______ _____________________
336, 047
330, 784
311, 361
284,903
269,167
24, 841, 359
24, 676,121
23, 582, 444
22, 290,424
20, 854, 480
32, 749,131
32, 235, 040
30, 254, 704
28,140, 040
26, 054,166
.759
.766
.779
.792
.800
40, 589, 226
38,088,931
38,152, 624
34,144,905
33,962,615
1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work. Includes weekly average for public-road projects.
3 Includes employees working on non-Federal projects and low-cost housing projects financed from
E. R . A. A . 1935 funds. These data are also included in separate tables covering projects financed b y The
Works Program.
4 Revised.
5 Includes orders placed b y railroads for new equipment.
6 Revised—Data for Tennessee Valley Authority projects transferred to tables showing data for projects
financed from regular governmental appropriations.
T h e Works Program
A d e t a i l e d record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked on projects financed by The Works Program in November
is shown in table 12, by type of project.
Table 12.— Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by The Works
Program, November 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
T yp e of project
Maximum W eekly
number
employed 2 average
M onthly
pay-roll
disburse
ments
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
A ver
age
earn
ings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects
All p rojects................. .........................
404,671
360,691
$20,074,062
42,946,903
$0.467
$10,511,624
Building construction______________
Electrification_______ ______________
Forestry___________________________
Grade-crossing elim ination............
H eavy engineering_______ __________
Hydroelectric power plants 3_______
Plant, crop, and livestock conserva
tion_________
__ _______ __
Professional, technical, and clerical._
Public roads_______________________
R eclam ation.. ___________ __ _
River, harbor, and flood control-----Streets and roads...... ............ .............
Water and sewerage______________ .
Miscellaneous.......................................
45,608
2,079
29,023
39,148
174
4, 296
42. 770
1, 743
26, 375
31, 798
168
3,084
2, 785,104
103,508
1, 299, 505
2,409,147
11, 283
37,018
4, 524, 391
207,160
2,920,246
3,926,650
13, 673
151,374
.616
.500
.445
.614
.825
.245
40,170
18,023
80,672
77,325
21,404
4, 022
811
41,916
36,963
17,964
64, 770
74,196
17,716
3, 710
673
38, 761
1, 295.327
1,426,656
3, 748, 589
3,925, 239
1, 756, 213
169,404
43,088
1,063, 981
4, 990, 322
2, 257,005
7, 954, 651
8, 699,977
2, 539, 678
425,981
75, 577
4,260, 218
.260
.632
.471
.451
.692
.398
.570
.250
1,391,785
101,906
484,859
3,081,341
7,324
4,149
H
38,646
163,600
2, 610,070
1, 203,901
962, 628
87, 529
21, 320
352, 566
See footnotes at end of table.
24
Table 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by The Works
Program, November 1936— Continued
[Subject to revision]
W age earners
T yp e of project
Maximum
number
employed
W eekly
average
M onthly
pay-roll
disburse
ments
N um ber of
man-hours
worked
during
month
A ver
age
earn
ings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
P. W . A . projects financed from E . R . A . A .— 1935 funds 4
All projects............... .................... .......
166,178
Building construction_____________
Electrification_______________ ____ _
H eavy engineering__________ ______
Reclam ation________________ _____
River, harbor, and flood control___
Streets and roads____ ______________
W ater and sewerage............................
Miscellaneous........................................
105,894
582
2,368
2,700
1, 366
18, 761
33, 512
995
139,305
$12,135,818
15,228,131
$0.797
$22,842,952
8,103,683
34,833
206,444
239, 651
96,932
876, 282
2, 500,841
77,152
9,322,360
49, 290
249,453
336,412
147, 521
1,672, 255
3, 364,073
86, 767
.707
.828
.712
.657
.524
.743
13,267,525
534,919
1,429,364
264,300
245, 259
2,351,675
4, 632,224
117,686
Projects operated b y W . P. A .
All projects 5_._................................ .
2,726,361
$138, 543,440 278, 586,423
i. 497
«$40,630,391
Conservation..................... ...................
Highway, road, and street.__...........
Housing___________________________
National Y outh Administration 7.._
Professional, technical,and clerical..
Public building_________ ___________
P ublicly owned or operated utilities.
Recreational facilities 8________ ____
Sanitation and health______________
Sewing, canning, gardening, etc____
Transportation____________________
N ot elsewhere classified_______ _____
135,395
1,045,970
5,412
162, 246
248, 524
217,736
194, 658
221,155
65, 224
295,617
58,435
74, 599
6, 266,935 13,479, 658
48,375,095 108,491,058
368,157
587,400
7,462,494
2, 766,120
18,871,916 28,025,829
13,322,744 21, 264,940
10, 444,539 19,967,807
13,339,948 22,957,334
3,109, 350
7,167, 266
14,025,646 34,297,357
3, 249,031
6,159,004
4,329,030
8, 511,986
.465
.446
.627
.371
.673
.627
.523
.581
.434
.409
.528
.509
809,022
9,013,664
17,813
98,844
703,669
4,908,050
3,162,830
2,767,295
650,254
446,552
1,115,280
545,082
1 Unless otherwise noted data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 M axim um number em ployed during any 1 week of the month b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 These data are for projects under construction in Puerto Rico.
4 Includes data for 152,041 employees working on non-Federal projects and 14,137 employees working on
low-cost housing projects. These data are included in tables covering projects under the jurisdiction of
P. W . A.
5 Includes data for 1,390 workers in Hawaii who were paid $74,929 for 214,290 man-hours of work for which
a distribution b y type of project is not available.
« The value of material orders placed, excluding those for National Youth Administration projects, and
the cost of rentals and services, is for the month ending N ov. 30, 1936. Includes $16,392,036 cost of rentals
and services, for month ending Oct. 31, 1936, for which a distribution b y type of project is not available.
7 These data are for the month ending Oct. 31, 1936, and exclude student-aid projects.
8 Exclusive of buildings.
'Monthly Trend
E m p l o y m e n t , pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects financed
by The Works Program from the beginning of the program in July
1935 to November 1936 are given in table 13.
25
Table 13.— Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1935 to November 1936, Inclusive, on
Projects Financed by The Works Program 1
[Subject to revision]
M onth and year
Maximum
number
em
ployed a
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
M onthly
pay-roll
disburse
ments
Average
earnings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects
July 1935 to Novem ber 1936, inclusive .
$243,413, 553
538,915, 508
$0.452
$166, 737,143
July to December 1935________________
3 36,951,974
3 80, 745,958
3. 458
3 34, 763,337
1936
January.......................... ............................
February............. ......................................
M arch....... ..................... ............................
April........................ ...................................
M a y . .......... .................... ..........................
June.............................................................
248,929
298, 589
325, 505
375,865
401, 298
453,012
11,179, 541
12,529,207
14,431, 789
16,563,885
19,160, 510
22, 657, 507
25, 955,820
29,173,914
35, 243,886
38, 563,300
43, 267,437
50,680, 511
.431
.429
.409
.430
.443
.447
8,988, 622
9, 684, 578
8, 028,299
12,903,903
12,668, 052
14,431,802
July.............................................................
A ugu st...................................... .................
September...................................................
October............ ............. ............................
N ovem ber...................................................
451, 570
451,960
439,897
437,839
404,671
22,699,760
22,794, 588
22, 585,121
21,785, 609
20,074, 062
48,849,680
48, 559,862
47, 786,683
47,141,554
42,946,903
.465
.469
.473
.462
.467
16,198,583
13,191,899
13, 095,741
12, 270, 703
10, 511, 624
P. W . A . projects financed from E. R . A. A . 1936 funds *
September 1935 to Novem ber 1936, in
clusive....................................................
September to December 1935.
$96,180,439
129, 527, 237
$0. 743
$195,007,423
3 883, 741
3 1, 326,721
.666
2,061, 700
1936
January...
February..
M arch.......
A p ril........
M a y _____
June_____
23,740
39,848
64, 223
112,345
149, 334
176,184
1,128,635
1,794,866
3,032, 280
6,346,433
9,101,702
11,435,825
1,621,349
2,609, 270
4, 525, 546
9,211,679
13, 011,674
15,843,765
.696
.688
.670
.689
.700
.722
3,632,378
8, 611,717
10, 548, 343
14, 725, 726
20,112,332
20,454, 214
J u l y - ..........
August____
September..
October___
N ovem b er-
188, 076
191,433
184, 518
171, 203
166,178
12, 277,476
12,892, 537
12, 794,471
12,356,655
12,135,818
16, 574,227
17,159,189
16, 597, 561
15,818,125
15, 228,131
.741
.751
.771
.781
.797
23,404, 501
24, 067, 345
23,150,164
21,396, 051
22,842,952
Projects operated b y W . P. A.
August 1935 to Novem ber 1936, in
clusive..... ............ ............ ......................
i. 457
s 483, 749,122
170, 911, 331
367, 589,041
.465
46,042,303
$1,631, 330, 070 3,573, 230,903
August to December 1935..
1936
January. _.
February..
M arch___
A pril_____
M a y _____
June_____
2,812,391
2,950,481.
3, 095, 261
2,875, 299
2, 579,937
2, 395,423
128,383, 000
137,182,000
144, 471, 000
144,988, 000
132,820, 000
126, 253, 000
314, 664, 210
332,966, 010
341, 539, 000
333,305,740
297,136,460
275, 661, 570
.408
.412
.423
.435
.447
.458
19,860,772
17,896, 597
17, 592,687
19, 586, 594
22, 060,924
22, 674, 265
J u l y - .........
August____
Septmeber..
October___
N ovem ber-
2,412, 462
2,462, 590
2, 560, 701
2, 637, 742
2, 726, 361
122, 774, 427
124, 731,158
127, 380,456
132,892, 258
138, 543,440
265, 669,182
247, 539, 090
253, 720, 345
264,853, 832
278, 586, 423
.462
.504
.502
.502
.497
21,177, 078
24,454,315
23,553,327
47, 572, 532
40, 630,391
1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th with exceptions noted in the preceding table.
2 Maximum number em ployed during any 1 week of the month b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 Revised.
*■These data are included in tables covering projects under the jurisdiction of the Public Works A dm in
istration. The data for Novem ber include 152,041 employees working on non-Federal projects and 14,137
employees working on low-cost housing projects.
8 Includes expenditures of $160,647,337 for rentals and services from the beginning of program through
Sept. 30, 1936, for which m onthly data are not available.
26
Emergency Conservation W ork
S
concerning employment and pay rolls in emergency
conservation work in October and November 1936 are presented in
table 14.
t a t is t ic s
Table 14,— Employment and Pay Rolls in Emergency Conservation Work
October and November 1936 1
[Subject to revisionl
Num ber of employees
Am ount of pay rolls
Group
N ovem ber
October
N ovem ber
October
A ll groups_____________________________________
391,296
404, 826
$18,604,821
$17, 662, 545
Enrolled personnel2_________________ _______
Reserve officers___ __ ______ ________________
Educational advisers 3_________________________
Supervisory and techn ical4__________ _______ _
341,097
8,159
2,174
« 39,866
354,083
8,297
2,157
6 40, 289
10, 620, 628
2,063,459
372,430
« 5, 548, 304
10, 031, 019
2,038,922
369, 733
e 5, 222, 871
1 Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amounts of pay rolls are for
entire m onth.
2 Novem ber data include 2,819 enrollees and pay roll of $56,206 outside continental United States; October,
2,725 enrollees and pay roll of $58,105.
3 Included in executive service, tables 8 and 9.
4 Includes carpenters, electricians, and laborers.
6 38,174 employees and pay roll of $5,379,003 also included in executive service, tables 8 and 9.
6 38,587 employees and pay roll of $5,032,547 also included in executive service, tables 8 and 9.
Employment and pay-roll data for emergency conservation workers
are collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Depart
ment, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce,
the Treasury Department, and the Department of the Interior.
The monthly pay of the enrolled personnel is distributed as follows:
5.0 percent are paid $45; 8.0 percent, $36; and the remaining 87.0
percent, $30. The enrolled men, in addition to their pay, are pro
vided with board, clothing, and medical services.
Monthly statistics of employment and pay rolls on the emergency
conservation program from November 1935 to November 1936,
inclusive, are given in table 15.
Table 15,—Monthly Totals of Employees and Pay Rolls in Emergency Conserva
tion Work, November 1935 to November 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
M onth
Num ber of
employees
M onthly
pay-roll
disburse
ments
1935
N ovem ber__________
Decem ber. _________
M onth
N um ber of
employees
M on th ly
pay-roll
disburse
ments
1936— Continued
546,683
509,126
$24, 021, 262
21, 958, 301
478, 751
454,231
356,273
391, 002
21,429,044
20, 484, 493
17, 249, 609
18, 063, 534
M a y ________________
June___________ ____
J u ly._____ __________
407,621
383, 279
404,422
$18, 598,026
17, 973,962
18,417, 372
A u g u s t _____________
September___________
October __ ________
N ovem ber___________
383,554
320,821
404,826
391,296
17,840, 653
16, 367,897
17,662,545
18,604,821
1936
January_____________
February_____ _______
M arch_____________
A p ril________________
1 Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month.
entire m onth.
A m ounts of pay rolls are for
27
Construction Projects Financed b y Reconstruction Finance Corporation
S t a t is t ic s of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Cor
poration in November are presented in table 16, by type of project.
Table 16.— Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation, by Type of Project, November 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
Number of
man-hours Average
earnings
worked
during
per hour
month
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Number
of wage
earners
M onthly
pay-roll
disburse
ments
9,611
$1, 108, 258
1, 502,460
$0. 738
$3,008,077
Bridges___________________________ __________
482
47, 783
Building construction 2...... .............. .......... ..........
773
58,119
Reclam ation____________ _______ ________ __
49
3, 704
____________________ Water
_____ and sewerage
7,859
950,472
Miscellaneous_____ _________ ________________
48,180
448
48,159
125, 688
6,464
1, 257,088
65,061
.992
.462
. 573
.756
.741
20,206
172,565
35,127
2,774,879
5,300
Type of project
All projects______________ ________________
_
1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Includes 81 employees; pay-roll disbursements of $4,145; 4,482 man-hours worked; and material orders
placed during the month amounting to $40,438 on projects financed b y R F C Mortgage Co.
A monthly summary of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation from November 1935 to November 1936, in
clusive, is given in table 17.
Table 17.— Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruc
tion Finance Corporation, November 1935 to November 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
Number
of wage
earners
M onthly
pay-roll dis
bursements
Number of
man-hours
worked dur
ing month
Average
earnings
per hour
1935
Novem ber......... ................................... .........
D ecem ber______________________ _______
9,802
7,792
$1,002,151
870,129
1,344,959
1,161,473
$0. 745
.749
$1,411,729
1,383, 330
1936
January________________________________
February___ _______ ____________________
M arch_________________________________
A pril___________________________________
M a y _______________ ____________________
June____________________________________
7, 560
7, 961
8,134
10, 021
10, 988
8, 501
850, 271
905,455
916, 059
1,133,880
962,280
941, 680
1, 093, 350
1,179,431
1,193,145
1,479,182
1, 244,097
1,252,193
.778
.768
.768
.767
.773
.752
1,355, 520
1,436,119
1, 385, 640
1, 292,063
1,441,248
2, 527, 262
July____________________________________
August______________________________ __
Septem ber............................. ........... . . . .
O ctob er..
____ _____ ________________
N ovem ber______ _______________________
9, 843
9, 658
10, 290
8, 864
9,611
1,063, 728
1,065, 744
1,085, 642
1, 002, 648
1,108, 258
1, 436, 201
1, 441, 791
1, 510,109
1, 347, 317
1, 502, 460
.741
.739
.719
.744
. 738
2, 050, 370
1, 314, 692
1, 420, 444
1, 298, 643
3, 008, 077
M onth
1 Includes projects financed by RFC Mortgage Co.
Data are for month ending the 15th.
Value of ma
terial orders
placed dur
ing month
28
Construction Projects Financed From Regula ^Governm ental
Appropriations
W h e n e v e r a construction contract is awarded or force-account
work is started by a department or agency of the Federal Govern
ment, the Bureau of Labor Statistics is immediately notified on forms
supplied by the Bureau of the name and address of the contractor,
the amount of the contract, and the type of work to be performed.
Blanks are then mailed by the Bureau to the contractor or Govern
ment agency doing the work. These reports are returned to the
Bureau and show the number of men on pay rolls, the amounts dis
bursed for pay, the number of man-hours worked on the project, and
the value of the different types of materials for which orders were
placed during the month.
The following tables present data concerning construction projects
for which contracts have been awarded since July 1, 1934. The
Bureau does not have statistics covering projects financed from reg
ular governmental appropriations for which contracts were awarded
previous to that date.
Data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed from regular governmental appropria
tions during November are given in table 18, by type of project.
Table 18.— Employment on Construction Projects Financed From Regular Gov
ernmental Appropriations, by Type of Project, November 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
Num ber of wage
earners
T yp e of project
Maximum W eekly
number em
average
ployed *
M onthly
pay-roll
disburse
ments
Num ber of
man-hours Average
earnings
worked
during
per hour
month
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
A ll projects.........................................
3 155,839
21,061,396
$0.679
$16,844,360
Building construction......................
Electrification...................................
Forestry______ ____ ____________
Naval vessels................................... .
Public roads *.................. .................
28,249
121
170
34, OU
(fi)
25,154
112
161
33, 514
54,637
2,442,002
6,714
11,080
4, 449, 523
3,968,975
3,268,944
10,496
23,529
5,136,733
7,047, 611
.747
.640
.471
.866
.563
2,951,744
11,119
4,320
4, 723, 830
5, 465, 906
R eclam a tion ______ : .......................
River, harbor, and flood control.
Streets and roads................... ..........
Water and sewerage..................... .
Miscellaneous.................... .............
875
32,195
2,524
281
2,776
845
28,433
2,329
205
2,428
141, 003
2,950, 577
139, 809
19, 561
177,914
176,036
4,801,816
287,960
31,576
276,695
.801
.614
.486
.619
.643
1,148
3,008,899
179,145
15, 602
482,647
147,818 $14,307,158
1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maxim um number em ployed during any 1 week of the month b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 Includes weekly average for public roads.
* Estimated b y the Bureau of Public Roads.
4 N ot available; average number included in total.
Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction
projects financed from regular governmental appropriations from
November 1935 to November 1936, are shown, by months, in table 19.
29
Table 19.—Employment on Construction Projects Financed from Regular Gov
ernmental Appropriations, November 1935 to November 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
Number
of wage
earners
M onthly
pay-roll dis
bursements
Number of
man-hours
worked dur
ing month
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of ma
terial orders
placed dur
ing month
1935
N ovem ber______________________________
December................... ................................ .
63,912
56, 780
$4,077,395
3, 707, 963
6, 559, 665
5, 980,118
$0.622
.620
$6,690,405
6,155,840
1936
January________________________________
February__________ _____ _______________
M arch_____________________ ____________
A pril_______________________ _______ ____
M a y _______ _________________ ________
June___________________________________
46,895
43,915
47, 538
60,107
79, 789
102,376
3, 990, 725
3,619, 025
3,674, 896
5, 205, 353
6, 242, 763
8,631,104
6, 246,418
5, 545,115
5, 814,569
8, 375, 190
10. 262, 637
13,692,884
.639
.653
.632
.622
.608
.630
5, 584, 611
6, 669,016
7,185,019
9,861,378
12, 559, 367
12,347,453
July 2________________________ __________
A u gu st2________________________________
September 2____________________________
October 2----------------- ------------------- --------Novem ber---- ---------- ------------------------------
137, 475
158, 939
167, 745
168.657
155, 839
13, 552, 299
14, 663, 201
15, 272,860
16, 370, 857
14, 307,158
20, 552, 261
22, 023,669
23,044, 847
24, 708,818
21, 061, 396
.659
.666
.663
.663
.679
25,670, 217
18, 767, 905
21, 301,074
19, 998,984
16,844, 360
M onth
1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Revised—Data for Tennessee Valley Authority project transferred from table showing data for projects
financed from Public W orks Administration funds.
State^Roads Projects
A r e c o r d of employment and pay-roll disbursements in the con
struction and maintenance of State roads from November 1935 to
November 1936, is presented in table 20.
Table 20.— Employment on Construction and Maintenance of State Roads,
November 1935 to November 1936 1
[Subject to revision]
Num ber of employees working on—
Total pay
roll
M onth
New roads
M ainte
nance
Total
1935
Novem ber.............................. .......... ............................ ..........
December........................ .........................................................
32,487
27,046
139,138
321, 690
171, 625
148, 736
$7,156,025
6,139, 581
1936
January------------------ --------------------- ------------------------------February............ .................................................... ...............
M arch................................... ....................... ................... .........
A pril------- -------------------------------------------------------------------M a y _________________ ____ _________________________
June............... - ..................... .............................. .....................
14,358
10, 256
8,150
11,339
16,566
20, 773
105, 795
119, 777
133,386
143, 305
164,356
165, 363
120,153
130,033
141, 536
154, 644
180,922
186,136
7,481, 502
7,572, 614
7,689, 770
8,918,024
10, 560,866
11,488, 253
July...........................................................................................
August_____________ __________ ______________________
September............... ............................................... ................
October----------------------- ------------------- --------------------------N ovem ber_____________________ ___________ __________
21,744
26,810
34, 459
34,136
27,988
164,956
158,882
151, 772
149, 717
153,688
186, 700
185, 692
186, 231
183,853
181, 676
11,839, 215
11,937, 585
11, 806, 481
11, 566, 892
11, 330, 509
1 Excluding employment furnished b y projects financed from Public W orks Administration funds and
W orks Progress Administration funds. Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
O
@FedFRASER