Full text of Employment and Payrolls : May 1952
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EMPLOYMENT
and Payrolls
MONTHLY
STATISTICAL
REPORT
MAY 1952
Employment Trends
? V Industry Developments
| \ Industry Statistics
\ . State and Area Statistics
*vN Payroll Data
V y
h
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Maurice J. Tobin - Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague * Commissioner
Publications on
Employment Developments
G4AG*UcvLle p U H H
tA e
/iir t e &
u ,
£ ta £ £ d * £ < ic d
The Bureau of Labor Statistics program in the measurement and analysis of
employment trends includes (1) the preparation of current monthly statistics on
employment, labor turnover, and hours and earnings in major industries, States and
areas; (2) the interpretation of these employment trends; (3) the analysis of long
term trends in employment in major occupations and industries; and (4) the prepara
tion of estimates of manpower requirements for the defense mobilization program and
estimates of prospective labor supply.
Employment statistics are prepared in co
operation with State agencies.
L is t e d below and co n tin u e d on the ( in s id e ) back co v e r a re the m a jor r e
p o r t s a v a ila b le to the p u b l i c . Distribution is free unless otherwise noted.
Requests for these publications specifying exact titles, should be addressed to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. S. Department of Labor, Washington 25, D. C.
EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLLS— Employment figures presented for approximately 250 individ
ual industries, for 48 States and the District of Columbia and for selected
areas, in varying industry detail.
On a national basis only, data on em
ployment of women in manufacturing industries available quarterly.
Report
also contains analysis of latest monthly employment trends and current and
anticipated developments in selected industries.
Press release, giving
analysis of current trends in broad industry groups based on preliminary
data, available approximately two weeks earlier.
Both reports published
mon thly.
HOURS AND EARNINGS— Average weekly earnings, average weekly hours, and average
hourly earnings for approximately 275 industries, and for States and se
lected areas.
Press release, giving analysis of current trends in broad
industry groups based on preliminary data, available approximately two
weeks earlier.
Both reports published monthly.
LABOR TURNOVER— ?Data on hiring, quits, layoffs, and discharges shown for 121 indi
vidual manufacturing and selected non-manufacturing industries.
On a
national basis only, data on women for selected industries available quar
terly.
Press release, giving analysis of current trends in broad industry
groups based on preliminary data, available approximately two weeks ear
lier.
Both reports published monthly.
These publications prepared by
DIVISION OF MANPOWER AND EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
Seymour L. Wolfbein, Chief
EMPLOYMENT
and Payrolls
MAY 1952
HOHTHLV STATISTICAL
HfWHT
CONTENTS
EMPLOYMENT DATA AT A GLANCE......... ..........
In this issue*
Statistics on
employaent of women
in manufacturing in
dustries, which are
issued
quarterly,
appear in table 10*
Text
comment
and a chart, on pages
k and £, interpret
developments in this
field*
II
EMPLOYMENT TEENDS..... .......................
Table As Employees in Nonagricultural Establish
ments, by Industry Division and Groups ••
Table Bs Employees in Manufacturing Industry
I
6
Groups ••••».*......•••••••••... •••••
7
Table C: Production Workers in Manufacturing
Industry Groups..••••••••••••••••••..•••
8
INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT fEPORT
Shipbuilding and Repairing..*.........*..........
9
OTHER INDUSTRIES IN BRIEF...... .......... .....
Merchant Marine
Boiler Shop Products
Railroad Cars and Streetcars
17
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL STATISTICS
1. Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments,
by Industry Division..••••••• ••••...•••.....
19
2. Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments,
by Industiy Division and Group..••••••••••..••
20
3# All Employees and Production Workers in Mining
and Manufacturing Industries#•••••••••.•••••••
22
U. Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing
Industries.•.•••••••••••••••••••••••••..••••••
26
5>. Indexes of Production-Worker Employment and
Weekly Payrolls in Manufacturing Industries.••
28
6. Employee s in the Shipbuilding and Repairing
Industiy, by Region...••••••••••••••••••..••••
29
7« Federal Civilian Employment and Payrolls in
All Areas and in Continental United States,
and Total Government Civilian Employment and
Payrolls in the District of C o l u m b i a . . 30
8. Emplqyees in Nonagricultural Establishments,
by Industiy Division, in Selected Areas.•••«••
31
9. Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments,
3U
by Industiy Division, in Selected Areas......
ID. Number of Women Employees and Women as a
Percent of Total Employment in Manufacturing
I n d u s t r i e s . U l
APPENDIX
Explanatory N o t e s . . . .... ••••••
h$
Glossary. ...••••••••• ••••••••..... ...............£l
List of Cooperating State Agencies..••••••••...... 53
Employment Data at a Glance
Factory Workweek Reduced in Most Manufacturing Industries
CHANGES IN AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS OF PRODUCTION WORKERS
BY INDUSTRY G RO UP*
Net C h an ge
MARCH
in H o u r s
1951~ M A R C H
1952
Net Ch an ge
in H o u r s
♦2
+2
♦1
-1
-2 -
* No
Change
reported
tra n sp o rta tio n
and
Food
in E l e c t r i c a l
E q u ip m e n t,
P rintin g,
M ach in ery,
Petroleum ,
Products.
-3
-3
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Current
April
1952 1 /
March
1952
April
1951
March
1951
4.6,24.6
15,754
899
2,418
4., 116
9,809
1,949
4,750
6,551
45,964
15,836
899
2,303
4,116
9,664
1,936
4,682
6,528
45,998
15,955
911
2,471
4,132
9,627
1,865
4,745
6,292
45,850
16,022
924
2,326
4,112
9,713
1,854
4,682
6,217
EMPLOYEES IN NONAGRICULTURAL
ESTABLISHMENTS (in thousands)
Transportation and
HOURS AND EARNINGS
IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
LABOR TURNOVER RATES
IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
April 1952 change from:
Year ago
40.0
$1,656
$66.24
40.6
$1,655
$67.19
41.0
$1,578
$64.70
41.1
$1,571
$64.57
Previous
month
Year ago
+282
- 82
0
+115
0
+145
+ 13
+ 68
+ 23
+248
-201
- 12
- 53
- 16
+182
+ 84
+ 5
+259
-.6
+$0,001
-40.95
-1.0
+$0,078
+$1.54
(Per 100 employees)
Accessions......... .
Separations.................
Layoffs........... ........
• ••
•. •
• ••
•••
. ..
•^Latest month's figures are preliminary
II
4.0
3.6
2.0
1.0
.3
4.5
4.6
2.7
1.0
.5
1................
4.6
4.1
2.5
.8
.5
_
...
. ..
...
. ..
...
. ..
...
...
...
...
Employment Trends
N A T IO N ’S FACTORIES REPORT 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 DECREASE
IN PRODUCTION W O RKERS OVER THE Y EA R
Production worker employment in manufacturing plants declined
by about 410,000 over the past year, to 12*7 million in mid-April 1952.
Additions to the workforce in defense-related industries were outweighed
by reductions in consumer goods and building materials manufacturing.
However, the employment situation continued generally favor
able because of expansion in other fields, and the national total of
unemployed workers — 1.6 million in early April, according to Census
Bureau estimates — remained at a postwar low for the season.
The number of employees in nonfarm industries, at 4-6.2 million
this April, was a quarter million higher than a year earlier* However,
the gain largely reflected the different timing of the Easter shopping
season. This year, retail stores reported a pre-Easter addition of
170,000 workers between March and April. In 1951, when Easter fell in
mid-March, they reduced their workforce between these months.
Between March and April, nonfarm employment rose by 280,000
as a result of seasonal employment expansion in contract construction
and service industries, as well as in retail trade. These gains more
theui offset seasonal employment declines in consumer soft goods manu
facturing. The brief work stoppage in the steel industry which began
late in April was not reflected in the month’s employment reports.
Over the year, production worker employment was reduced by
10 percent or more in the lumber, textile, and jewelry, toys, and mis
cellaneous manufacturing groups, and by from 5 to 7 percent in the
furniture, paper, fabricated metal, apparel, leather, and stone, clay,
and glass groups. Slackened demand for consumer goods and reduced
expenditures for residential construction have resulted in higher in
ventories and curtailed production schedules in these industries.
These industries, taken together, reported a net reduction
of nearly a half million production workers between April 1951 and
April 1952, Production worker employment on textile industry payrolls
was down by 120,000 over the year, and was the lowest recorded for the
month since 1940. (Sea Tables 4, B, and C,)
1
The only manufacturing industry groups reporting gains of over
2 percent in production worker employment over the year were transporta
tion equipment, machinery, instruments, and ordnance. The sharpest per
centage increase occurred in the comparatively small ordnance industry,
where the number of production workers rose from 30,000 in April 1951 to
57.000 this April.
These gains reflected expanded output of military goods and
industrial equipment needed for the defense production program. However,
the rate of employment expansion in defense-related industries has slowed
down considerably in recent months. For example, production worker em
ployment in aircraft plants has risen by an average of 5,000 per month
thus far this year, compared with an average monthly increase of about
13.000 between the Korean outbreak and the end of 1951*
In contrast to the decrease in production worker employment,
the number of nonproduction workers in manufacturing industries rose by
210.000 over the year. In expanding defense-connected industries, non
production workers have been added to the payroll at a more rapid rate
than production workers, reflecting greatly increased requirements for
technical and administrative personnel. On the other hand, in indus
tries where output has declined, overhead staffs — sales, office, tech
nical, and supervisory employees — have generally been maintained, while
the number of production workers has been reduced.
The number of workers employed in contract construction rose
seasonally by 115,000 between March and April, and, at 2.4. million, was
50.000 below the record April level of last year. Outlays for private
residential and commercial building were below April 1951 rates, but
military and industrial construction activity was up sharply over the
year*
Total Government employment increased slightly over the month,
to 6.6 million* More than half of the over-the-year gain of about
260.000 employees occurred in defense activities of the Federal Govern
ment — including military bases, arsenals, and navy yards. State and
local governments accounted for most of the remaining increase.
An employment gain between April 1951 and April 1952 also was
reported in finance — including banks, insurance companies, and related
fields -- where the number of workers was up by about 85,000.
FA C TO R Y W O RKW EEK ALSO REDUCED A HALF HOUR
The average workweek of factory production workers edged down
from 40*7 hours in mid-February to 4-0.6 hours in mid-March. The March
workweek was a half hour less than a year earlier, but was above the
post-World War II average for the month.
2
In contrast to the increase usually reported at this time of
year, the average workweek of the more than 7 million production workers
employed in plants manufacturing durable goods declined slightly — to
4-1.6 hours — between February and March. Most durable goods industry
groups reported some decreases in average weekly hours, reflecting con
tinued slackening in the output of consumer goods and building materials
and a slowing down in the expansion of defense-related activities.
However, plants producing military goods and industrial equip
ment required for the defense program continued to schedule extensive
overtime work* As a result, the durable goods workweek this March was
almost an hour above the highest March level reported in any postwar
year except 1951.
Between March 1951 and March 1952, the average workweek in du
rable goods manufacturing declined by three-tenths of an hour. Over-theyear decreases of about an hour were reported in the furniture and stone,
clay, and glass products industry groups, and of about a half hour in the
instruments, primary metals, and jewelry, toys, and miscellaneous groups*
The workweek in nondurable goods plants also edged down between
February and March, to 39.3 hours, and was seven-tenths of an hour less
than a year earlier as a result of over-the-year declines in hours in the
textile, paper, apparel, and chemical industry groups.
In the rubber and leather industry groups, however, hours this
March were higher than a year earlier. Tire output was stepped up re
cently after the removal of restrictions on the use of rubber, and employ
ment reports in the leather industry in recent months indicated a possible
halt in the downtrend that began last Spring.
HIRING CONTINUES LOW
BUT L A Y - O F F S DECLINE
In March 1952, for the eleventh consecutive month, hiring of
workers in manufacturing plants continued below the post-World War II
average for the season. Factory workers were hired in March at a rate
of AO per 1,000 employees, about the same as in February, but 13 percent
lower than in March 1951. Over-the-year reductions in hiring were re
ported not only in consumer goods industries, but also in most defenseconnected industries, where employment expansion has slowed down from
the rapid pace of a year earlier.
Lay-offs of factory workers declined between February and March,
for the fourth consecutive month. As a result, the lay-off rate of 10 per
1,000 employees this March was only slightly above the March 1951 rate,
the postwar low for the month*
3
The March 1952 rate contrasted with the relatively high lay
offs experienced in the Summer and Fall of last year, when consumer goods
industries were reducing their workforce because of slackened sales and
rising inventories. By November 1951, factory lay-offs rose to 17 per
1.000 employees, one of the highest November rates in over a decade. The
recent decline in lay-offs reflects a halt in the employment down-trend
in consumer goods industries.
However, in the t6xtile and stone, clay, and glass products in
dustry groups, lay-off rates this March were about three times the rates
of a year earlier and second highest for the month in the postwar period.
Employment and hours of work in these industries have declined signifi
cantly over the past year.
Factory workers were quitting their jobs at a rate of 20 per
1.000 employees in March — about the same as in the previous two months.
This rate was one-fifth lower than in March 1951, when expanding employ
ment opportunities permitted larger numbers of workers to change their
jobs. Over the year, all industry groups, except chemicals, reported de
creases in the quit rate.
A V ER A G E W EEKLY EARN IN GS OF 2 M ILLION
SOFT G O O D S W O RKERS REDUCED OVER THE YEA R
Weekly earnings of production workers in manufacturing plants
averaged ,$67*19 in March 1952, up slightly from February, and $2.62 more
than in March 1951. The largest increase in weekly pay over the year was
reported in the rubber products industry group, where earnings were up by
$7.93, partly because of longer hours* In contrast, average weekly earn
ings of the more than one million production workers in the textile in
dustry were $2.02 lower this March than a year earlier, reflecting a
shorter workweek, recent reductions in wage rates in Northern hosiery
mills, and the increased proportion of employment in the lower-wage
Southern mills. Production workers in the apparel industry earned an
average of $4-7*09 per week this March, 18 cents less than in March 1951.
Factory workers* gross hourly earnings — including overtin©
and other premium pay — averaged $1*66 in March, up by 1 cent from Feb
ruary, and by 8 cents, or about 5 percent, over the year.
EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN IN MANUFACTURING
REM AINS AT 4 M ILLION
About 4*1 million women were employed in manufacturing indus
tries in December 1951, constituting one-fourth of all manufacturing em
ployees. Half of these women workers were in the apparel, textile, food,
and electrical machinery industry groups. Women comprised a majority of
the work force in the apparel and tobacco industries and more than a
k
Women Hold One-fourth
of All Jobs in M anufacturing
EMPLOYMENT OF MEN AND WOMEN WORKERS
IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY GROUPS
D EC EM B ER 19S1
T H O U S A N D S OF W O R K E R S
500
1000
1500
third in the leather, textile, elec
trical machinery, instruments, and
jewelry, toys, and miscellaneous in
dustries.
Despite employment reductions in
1951 in consumer goods industries where
women workers are concentrated, the num
ber and proportion of women in manufac
turing employment were about the Same
as in December 1950. Decreases in the
number of women in these industries
were offset by their increased employ
ment in defense-related industries.
In nearly every industry, the
proportion of women workers remained
virtually unchanged over the year.
Aircrsift plants, however, added rela
tively more women than men in building
up their work force. Consequently,
the proportion of women in aircraft
rose from 14- to 19 percent. Similar
ly, in ordnance plants women increased
from 20 to 28 percent of total em
ployment.
In contrast to the unchanged
level of the past year, employment
of women in manufacturing rose by
4-00,000 during the 6 months between
the Korean outbreak and December 1950,
when the initial effects of the de
fense production program were super
imposed on expanding output of ci
vilian goods and services. However,
the proportion of women workers re
mained about a fourth of total manu
facturing employment.
74%
P
*ii
W
m
26%
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
5
Table A:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments,
by Industry Division and Selected Groups
(In thousands)
1951
1952
TOTAL.....
46,24-6 4.5,964
45,891
45,998
Net change
March
April
1952
1951
to
to
April
April
1952
1952
+282
+248
M A N U F A C T U R W 8......................
15,754 15,836
15,849
15,955
- 62
-201
Industry divisio n and group
April
March
February April
y
HIM IMG..............................
899
899
903
911
0
- 12
107
355
106
362
107
366
104
382
+ 1
- 7
+ 3
- 27
106
102
101
103
+ 4
+ 3
CONTRACT COHSTRUCT 1OR.........
2,418
2,303
2,310
2,471
+115
- 53
TRANSPORTATION MID PUBLIC
UTILITIES................. ........
4-,116
4-,116
4,108
4,132
0
- 16
TRADE...............................
9,809
9,664
9,646
9,627
+145
+182
2,599
2,621
2,626
2,579
- 22
+ 20
7,210
1,523
1,295
7,043
1,429
1,287
7,020
1,414
1,286
7,048
1,453
1,264
+167
+ 94
+ 8
+162
+ 70
+ 31
735
739
744
739
-
4
- 4
582
3,075
530
3,058
516
3,060
542
3,050
+ 52
+ 17
+ 40
+ 25
FINANCE.............................
1,949
1,936
1,919
1,865
+ 13
+ 84
SERVICE.............................
4,750
4., 682
4,666
4,745
+ 68
+ 5
GOVERNMENT..........................
6,551
6,528
6,490
6,292
+ 23
+259
2,362
4-,189
2,354
4,174
2,344
4,146
2,201
4,091
+ 8
+ 15
+161
+ 98
Nonmetallic Mining and
Pood and liquor s t o r e s . . . . . . . . .
Automotive and accessories
Apparel and accessories
1/ Preliminary.
6
Table B: Employees in Manufacturing Industry G roup*
(In thousands)
1952
In d u s try d iv is io n and group
MANUFACTURING.
DURABLE GOODS
1951
February April
April
y
March
15,754
15,836
15,849
15,955
- 82
-201
9,019
9,006
8,997
9,003
+ 13
+ 16
Ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s .........................
71.6
74.4
73.9
Lumber and wood p ro d u c ts
(ex cep t f u r n i t u r e ).....................................
732
729
729
F u rn itu re and f i x tu r e s .............................
343
345
345
S tone, c la y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ....
531
529
534
P rim ary m etal in d u s t r i e s ......................... 1,34* 1,348 1,353
F a b ric a te d m etal p ro d u c ts
(ex cep t ordnance, m achinery, and
tr a n s p o r ta tio n eq u ip m en t)....................
990
990
989
M achinery (ex cep t e l e c t r i c a l ) ............ 1,651 1,655 1,656
E le c tr ic a l m achinery..................................
968
967
953
T ra n s p o rta tio n equipm ent......................... 1,613 1,585 1,578
In stru m e n ts and r e la te d p r o d u c ts ...
318
317
323
M iscellan eo u s m anufacturing
i n d u s tr ie s ........................................................
461
461
461
NONDURABLE GOODS
6,735
Food and k in d re d p ro d u c ts ...................... 1,434
Tobacco m an u factu re s..................................
84
T e x tile - m ill p ro d u c ts ................................ 1,189
A pparel and o th e r fin is h e d
t e x t i l e p ro d u c ts ......................................... 1,110
Paper and a l li e d p ro d u c ts......................
475
P rin tin g , p u b lis h in g , and a l li e d
i n d u s t r i e s ........................................................
765
C hem icals and a l li e d p ro d u c ts ............
758
P ro d u cts o f petroleum and c o a l..........
273
Rubber p ro d u c ts ....................................
271
L eath er and le a th e r p ro d u c ts ...............
376
* Preliminary
Net change
March
April
1952
1951
to
to
April
April
1952
1952
37.7
+ 0.5 + 36.7
815
366
559
1,344
- 3
- 2
+ 3
0
- 86
- 23
- 25
+ 4
1,033
1,592
9a
1,520
295
0
- 4
- 14
+ 28
+ 5
-43
+ 59
+ 12
♦ 93
+ 28
500
0
-39
6,830
6,852
6,952
- 95
-217
1,441
85
1,207
1,447
87
1,217
1,466
83
1,309
- 7
- 1
- 18
- 32
+ 1
-120
1,168
483
1,172
483
1,168
500
-
58
- 8
- 58
- 25
764
761
267
271
383
767
760
267
270
382
757
749
258
270
392
+ 1
- 3
+ 6
0
- 7
+ 8
+ 9
+ 15
+ 1
- 16
Table C. Production W orkers in M a n u fa c tu rin g Industry G roup s
(In thousands)
1952
In d u s try d iv is io n and group
April
March
1951
February April
2/
MANUFACTURING
1952
12,808
13,108
- 95
-412
7,296
7,292
7,294
7,445
+ 4
-149
+ 0.6
+ 26.4
- 3
- 2
+ 4
- 1
-
- 1
- 3
-H
+ 21
+ 4
- 55
+ 35
- 10
+ 31
+ 15
NONDURABLE GOODS
C hem icals and a l li e d p ro d u c ts ............
P ro d u cts o f petroleum and c o a l..........
L eath er and le a th e r p ro d u c ts ...............
88
23
29
9
379
381
380
422
- 2
-43
5,400
5,499
5,514
5,663
- 99
-263
1,058
78
1,111
1,061
80
1,121
1,085
76
1,214
- 1
- 6
** 16
- 33
+ 1
-119
1,050
404
1,052
405
1,047
427
- 61
- 6
- 58
- 29
508
537
194
216
343
508
537
193
215
342
510
538
194
219
353
- 1
Food and k in d re d p ro d u c ts ...................... 1,052
Tobacco m a n u fa c tu re s..................................
77
T e x tile - m ill p ro d u c ts ................................ 1,095
A pparel and o th e r fin is h e d
t e x t i l e p ro d u a ts .........................................
989
Paper and a l li e d p ro d u c ts......................
398
P r in tin g , p u b lis h in g , and a l li e d
April
1952
12,791
Ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s ........................
56.7
56.1
54.7
30.3
Lumber and wood p ro d u c ts
(ex cep t f u r n i t u r e ) ....................................
667
664
752
665
F u rn itu re and f i x tu r e s .............................
296
296
317
294
S to n e, c la y , and g la s s p r o d u c ts ....
450
448
454
483
P rim ary m etal in d u s t r i e s ......................... 1,152 1,153 1,160 1,161
F a b ric a te d m etal p ro d u c ts
(ex cep t ordnance, m achinery, and
tr a n s p o r ta tio n eq u ip m en t)....................
805
804
805
859
M achinery (ex cep t e l e c t r i c a l ) ............ 1,274 1,277 1,281 1,239
E le c tr i c a l m achinery..................................
708
722
726
718
T ra n s p o rta tio n equipm ent......................... 1,274 1,253 1,246 1,243
In stru m e n ts and r e la te d p r o d u c ts ...
236
232
232
221
M isce llan eo u s m anufacturing
8
April
, , 12,696
DURABLE GOODS
^ Preliminary
Net change
April
March
1952
1951
to
to
507
534
197
216
335
- 3
+ 3
0
- 8
- 3
- 4
+ 3
- 3
- 18
BUtEAU OF LAtOK STATISTIC*
Industry Employment Report
SHIPBUILDING AND REPAIRING
Shipyard employment in the United States is nov in a period
of moderate expansion following one of relative stagnation. The
increase in employment has been more rapid than in most other
industries during the past 18 months, although the level of activity
in the shipbuilding and repairing industry still remains far belov
that of World War II. Shipyards reporting to the Bureau of Labor
Statistics were operating at less than 22 percent of capacity during
the fourth quarter of 1952 as measured by the ratio of present
employment to maximum potential employment with present equipment.
Since the outbreak of hostilities in Korea, total shipyard
employment has increased more than 96 percent. The work force in
March 1952 totaled 259,**-00 employees, an increase of 127,000 over
the postwar low of 132,400 in May 1950. Both private and naval ship
yards shared in the expansion, although naval shipyards expanded their
labor force somewhat more than private yards. Between May 1950 and
March 1952, employment in Navy shipyards doubled and private shipyard
employment increased 92 percent.
Despite this substantial employment increase and the high
turn-over rates prevailing in the industry, there is no general
shortage of shipyard workers at the present time, although local
shortages have appeared in scans areas and in some skilled occupations.
Hourly earnings compare favorably with other durable goods Industries
and many shipyards are located in labor surplus areas. High ship
yard turn-over rates reflect, primarily, periodic lay-offs of limit
ed duration. Because many shipyard workers' occupations are highly
specialized, they often are unable to find work in other industries
at comparable rates of pay.
REVIVAL IN SHIPYARD ACTIVITY
SINCE HOSTILITIES BEGAN IN KOREA
Total shipyard employment reached a new postwar low of
132,400 workers in May 1950. Private shipbuilders had under
construction, or on order, only 26 ships of more than 1,000 gross
tons each, and activity in naval shipyards also was at a low level.
9
Immediately fcllming tha outbreak of hostilities in June 1950, ship
yard employment started an upward trend. Repairing and reconditioning
activity resulting frcm the withdrawal of merchant ships from the re
serve fleet and the de-mothballing of naval vessels provided the
Initial stimulus for shipyards to expand employment. More than 800
ships from reserve anchorages were added to our Merchant Marine dur
ing the first Ifl months after the outbreak in Korea and the Navy was
expanded also to meet emergency requirements.
As the mobilization program developed, new ship construc
tion increased the need for workers, although repairing and re
conditioning activity continued to employ the majority of the.
industry's workers. By the end of 1950, the work force was 34,000
above the May 1950 level. Twenty-nine new merchant vessels were
under construction or on order in private shipyards at the beginning
of 1951 and both private and Navy yards were engaged in the construc
tion, repair, and conversion of naval vessels.
During 1951, shipyard employment increased steadily. In
the early part of the year, repair and reconversion of reactivated
merchant vessels occupied a large part of the labor force in private
shipyards. Navy yards were engaged also in similar work on ships
withdrawn from the "moth-balled fleet" and some of this work was
contracted to private yards.
New construction increased sharply in both private and
Navy yards during 1951* Private yards received contracts for 77 new
merchant vessels and still had 96 merchant ships (of more than 1,000
gross tons each) under construction or on order at the end of the
year. In addition to merchant ship construction, private yards re
ceived contracts for the construction of 22 naval vessels ranging
in size from the super aircraft carrier "Forrestal" to small craft
such as 1ST1s and minesweepers. These ships were in addition to the
11 naval vessels under construction at the beginning of the year.
The following tabulation compares tonnage of merchant and naval
vessels under construction in private yards at the end of 1949, 1950,
and 1951'
Tear
Merchant vessels
(gross tons)
19^9 ........
1950
1951
Source:
10
660,572
400,833
1,251,190
Naval vessels
(displacement tons)
42,085
^2,085
214,180
Annual Report of the Shipbuilders Council of America.
Bespit© increased ship construction, repairing and re
conditioning work continued to be the dominant activity in private
yards. In fact, a larger proportion of total man-hours was devoted
to repairing and reconditioning activities during the fourth quarter
of 1951 than in the quarter following Korean hostilities in the pre
ceding year. During the fourth quarter of 1951> almost 5^ percent
of all man-hours expended in private shipyards were on repairing and
reconditioning of merchant and naval vessels. Nev construction
activities occupied only 33 percent of the worktime of the private
shipyards' labor force. Approximately 7 percent of all 'man-hours
worked in private yards was devoted to miscellaneous activities, such
as construction of bridge caissons, boilers, and other structural
steel products.
Table 1. Percent of Man-hours Devoted to Construction,
Bepair, and Conversion, and Other Activities
in Private Shipyards, by Quarter, 1950-51 1/
Quarter
1950:
1951:
All
activities
3d qtr.—
4th qtr.—
100.0
100.0
1st
2d
3d
4th
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
qtr.—
qtr.—
qtr.—
qtr.—
Construction
38.6
36.2
32.4
32.3
34.6
33-1
Bepair and
conversion
Other
activities <
44.3
46.0
17.1
17.8
54.7
12.9
13.7
13.5
13.1
54.0
51.9
53.8
1j Cong)iled frost unpublished special quarterly shipyard reports to
the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
2/ Includes 6 to 8 percent nonallocable man-hours.
Employment increased more than 45 percent In Navy yards
and almost 4-5 percent In private yards during 1951* This sharp rate
of Increase continued through tne first quarter of 1952. Chart 1
shows the trend in shipyard employment since Korean hostilities began.
UPWARD TREND MAY CONTINUE THROUGH 195
The upward trend in shipyard employment which began after
the outbreak in Korea may continue until the end of 1952, but at a lov
er rate. Although there was a substantial increase in contracts for
nev vessels during 1951* many of these ships are still in the draft
ing stage. If construction begins on these vessels before ships now
on the ways are completed, employment in nev construction may rise
sharply.
11
C h a r t 1.
Shipyard Employment A lm ost
Doubled Since Korea
Thousands of Workers
In line with the long range
objectives of the mobilization pro
gram, the Maritime Administration
initiated a construction program for
35 large, high speed, dry cargo
vessels. These new "Mariners" are
designed to meet future peacetime or
wartime requirements, and they
incorporate the latest improvements
in ship design. To date, keels have
been laid for 15 ships. Other ves
sels also have been contracted for
by private owners, including 37 tank
ers, same of which have been orde’red
by foreign shippers.
An expanded shipbuilding pro
gram
also is under way on the
1 1 1 1 1 L. 1 1 ; 1 11 l i l t
U L.L
Great Lakes to meet the steel
May
1950
1951
1952
industry'8 increased demand for iron
ore. Fourteen bulk ore carriers
(with a capacity of 18,500 tons each)
are now under construction or on
order, and several large self unloading limestone carriers are being
built. The greater part of the Great Lakes construction program is
now concentrated in northern Wisconsin shipyards. Besides these
contracts, several yards in this area have sizeable Navy contracts
for minesweepers, landing vessels, and other small craft. Employment
in this region is at the highest level since World War II and is ex
pected to increase further during 1952.
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Congress auunorized an expanded program of naval
construction and conversion in 1951 > Although part of this program
was completed during the past year, a large part is still in the
drafting stage and is scheduled to take place in 1952 and 1953- The
Navy plans to spend more than $780 million in the fiscal year ending
June 30, 1953> f o r construction and conversion in addition to the
$718 million for maintenance and repair of the fleet.
Despite this large program the present 132,000 Navy
yard workers constitute a near-maximum level that will prevail in
the next few years. Total Navy yard employment will probably not ex
ceed 1^0,000 employees for several reasons. Congressional limita
tions on the number of Civil Service personnel that may be employed
in the Defense establishments include classified employees In naval
shipyards employed in key occupations such as engineering, designing,
drafting, and lofting. Because these restrictions indirectly limit
the number of production workers that may be employed on ship
construction and repair in Navy yards, an increasing proportion of
naval construction is expected to be done in private shipyards. This
will increase ship-construction employment further in private yards.
12
Ship repairing and reconditioning is expected to reBain the Industry's dominant activity during 1952, although ship
construction vill increase in relative importance. The repairing and
reconditioning of ships withdrawn from the reserve fleets has been
rirtually completed and soae of these vessels are being returned to
~nactive status. However, these ships must be conditioned to with
stand the elements and this generates some shipyard activity.
Repair of naval vessels also will remain at a rela
tively high level in 1952 and 1953* The Navy uses a cycle system of
repair whereby ships are scheduled' for repair and overhaul at regular
periods* The Navy also is continuing its modernization progreun begun
last year. Approximately 300 ships will be modernized. Improved
anti-aircraft weapons, radar equipment and underwater detection de
vices will be installed, and extensive improvement of submarines and
aircraft carriers will be carried out. Modifications had been com
pleted an more than 30 vessels at the end of the third quarter of
1951, but the bulk of the work is yet to be done. Navy yards will do
part of this repair and conversion, but a sizeable portion will be
contracted out to private shipyards. It is estimated that more than
20,000 workers in private yards were engaged in the repair of naval
vessels during 1951 and more may be required during 1952.
LABOR SUPPLY W ILL NOT LIMIT EXPAN SION
Although total shipyard employment is expected to in
crease moderately during 1952, no general shortage of workers is
anticipated. Present shortages in certain key occupations, however,
are expected to continue and may became more serious, particularly
in occupations common to other metalworking Industries, fortunately,
only a small proportion of total shipyard employment is located in
labor market shortage areas such as San Diego.
By far the largest number of shipyard workers are
employed in yards along the Atlantic Coast. Nearly two-thirds of the
work force in both private and Navy yards are employed in this region.
The remaining Navy yard employment is concentrated on the Pacif ic
Coast. Private yards, on the other hand, are scattered throughout
several areas. Private yards along the Gulf of Mexico employ about
15 percent of all employees in this segment of the industry, and those
along the Pacific Coast employ about 12 percent. Great Lakes and
inland yards account for the remaining 12 percent. The majority of
these yards are in labor market surplus areas, and none are located
in labor shortage areas.
Earnings of production workers in shipyards compare
favorably with other durable goods industries. This assists the in
dustry in recruiting workers. In March 1952, hourly earnings of ship
yard production workers averaged $1.90 compared with $ 1.65 la all
manufacturing and $1.7^ in durable goods (table 2). The higher level
13
Over 60 Percent of Shipyard W orkers
Are in Atlantic Coast Yards
THO USAN DS
of w o rk e rs
REGIONAL EMPLOYMENT IN
SHIPBUILDING AND REPAIR
North Pacific South Gulf
Atlantic
Atlantic
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT Of LABOR
Great Inland
Lakes
of earnings reflects in part the largs
proportion of skilled vorkers in the
shipbuilding and repairing industry.
Earnings of shipyard workers have
risen sharply since Korean hostilities
began, partly because of the longer
workweek. In July 1950, the workweek
averaged 37*9 hours compared with
111.3 hours in March 1952. As a re
sult of longer hours and higher
rates of pay, average weekly earnings
in shipyards in March 1952 were at
the highest level since World War II.
Turn-over rates are high in ship
building and repairing. This imposes
an additional recruiting burden upon
shipyards engaged in expanding their
work force. Between January 1950 and
February 1952, shipyard turn-over
rates fluctuated between 2 and 6 times
the durable goods average. In
February 1952, accessions were 3.6
times and separations were 2.9 times
the average for all durable goods.
High shipyard turn-over rates are due primarily to the
industry's irregular workload which results in periodic lay-offs. In
June 1950, lay-offs in private shipyards were more than 15 times the
durable-goods average. Lay-offs are often of short duration, how
ever, and workers do not necessarily leave the industry for other
employment.
Repair work is often done an short notice, frequently by
working around the clock. Although private yards reported they were
only working at 22 percent of capacity in the fourth quarter of 1951>
most shipyards were operating extra shifts.
Many specialized skills are used In the construction of
large custom built ships and lay-offs occur at various stages of con
struction as specialized vorkers complete assigned tasks. During
World War II, when a large number of identical ships were under
construction, lay-offs were greatly reduced because vorkers moved
from, (me ship to another. Lay-offs have declined sharply vith rising
shipyard activity. This downward trend nay continue, and may help
the industry retain its skilled labor force. On the other hand,
shipyard quit rates have been rising and were double the pre-Korea
level for shipbuilding and the durable goods average in February 1952.
Although the industry's relatively high turn-over rate will
probably continue to require additional recruiting efforts, it is not
expected to curtail necessary expansion.
Ut
Table 2.— Average Hours and Gross Earnings of Production
Workers In Shipbuilding and Repairing Com
pared With Durable Goods, 1947-51
Average
weekly earnings
Ship
building
and
Durable
repairing
goods
1947:
191*8 :
1949:
1950:
1951:
Average --------Average------ -—
Average--------Average-------- -Average---------
$57.59
1951:
January---------February — — — ---March----------April ----------}fey---------— —
June---------- —
July-----------August — — — — --September — — — —
October — — — — -—
November --------December — -------
64.73
69-^1
69.33
68.92
68.96
67.65
68.18
69.30
69.68
69.60
71.04
72.4o
72.66
70.27
68.79
69.55
1952:
January -j----- -—
February-^-------Marchi/----------
1/ Preliminary.
61.22
61.88
63.83
71.18
72.10
74.23
72.97
74.72
75.58
75.60
78.55
$52-46
57.11
58.03
63.32
69.97
71.01
71.10
71.05
72.71
72.15
72.18
72.55
Average
weekly hours
Ship
building
and
Durable
repairing
goods
Average
hourly earnings
Ship
building
Durable
and
repairing
goods
40.6
40.5
39.5
41.2
41.7
$1,458
40.4
40.1
39.7
39.7
40.0
40.4
40.1
39.9
40.1
39-0
40.5
41.5
41.6
41.9
42.0
41.8
4l.8
40.9
41.3
41.6
41.7
41.5
42.2
1.677
I.71B
1.729
1.736
1.737
1.776
1.792
40.7
40.3
41.3
41.8
41.7
41.6
39-5
38.7
37-8
38.2
39.9
38.6
1.582
1.637
1.671
1.784
1.812
1.807
1.851
1.871
1.845
1.857
1.878
1.902
$1,292
1.410
1.469
1.537
I.678
I.630
1.639
1.654
1.659
1.665
1.681
1.682
1.684
1.707
I .705
1.712
1.723
I.726
1.731
1.744
Table 3*— Labor Turn-over Bates in Ship and Boat
Building and Repairing Compared With
Durable Goods, 1950-51 l/
Total accessions
Ship
Durable
building
goods
Total separations
Ship
Durable
building
goods
1950: M a y .........
June — — — —
July-------August -----September — —
October ----November — —
December — —
1B.6
15.8
20.5
24.0
1*1.2
5.1
5.2
5.0
7.2
6.4
16.0
19.0
5.8
lfc.7
14.8
4.4
3-4
15.4
17.7
13.4
3.0
3.2
3-0
4.4
5.2
4.4
4.1
3.9
January ----February ---March — — ---April ------May — ------June-------July-------August — — — —
September ---October — — —
November — --December — — —
39.3
20.5
5.7
14.3
14.2
17.9
14.6
4.4
3.9
4.4
4.9
January 5y---February-^----
16.5
1951*
1952:
l/ Far 100 employees.
2/ Preliminary.
14.7
17.6
17 .4
14.9
17.6
15.8
11.7
15.2
11.7
11.2
14.4
16.5
13.8
18.1
16.7
Lay-offs
Ship
Durable
building
goods
13.7
14.0
11.0
33.3
12.1
0.7
3.2
3-3
3-7
3.3
3.2
1.1
0-7
0.7
1.0
1.1
1.0
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.5
1.5
3-6
4.1
5.1
4.8
1.3
1.2
4.1
4.7
16.3
4.9
4.5
4.8
3-9
3-1
4.5
4.7
5.4
5.2
4.6
4.2
3-7
4.6
4.0
10.0
11.1
3.8
3.8
4.8
5.1
4.7
0.7
1.1
1.4
13.9
9.9
13.2
11.0
10.0
10.8
10.4
5.1
5.1
5.0
5.1
4.3
0.6
0.6
1.7
1.8
2.0
10.0
12.4
Q.l
8.7
8.4
11.0
8.8
9.6
7.8
4.3
5.7
4.3
3.6
4.8
5-8
5.0
0.9
0.9
Quits
Ship Durable
building goods
5.6
4.5
4.7
6.1
5.5
5.1
4.4
3.5
1.7
1-9
1.9
3-0
3.6
2.9
2.3
1.8
2.2
2.2
2.7
3.0
3.0
2.7
2.4
3.2
3.2
2.6
1.9
1.5
1.8
1.9
Other Industries In Brief
MERCHANT MARINE
Employment of merchant seamen turned downward in April
for the first time since the outbreak of hostilities in Korea. Em
ployment had climbed steadily from about 75,(XX) in June 1950 to
about 105,000 in March 1952, a gain of AO percent. Then a sudden
drop in foreign aid export cargoes, mainly of coal, resulted in
orders to withdraw more than 350 Government-owned vessels from
active service. If these plans are carried out, shipboard employ
ment will drop to about 90,000 by the end of June. Coal shipments
to Europe are expected to pick up in the fall and winter months,
and employment probably will increase slightly.
BOILER SHOP PRODUCTS
Employment in the boiler shop products industry reached
a peak post-World War II level in March 1952. Production-worker
employment of 63,300 was about 14- percent more than in March of last
year and ^6 percent above the same month in 1950. In addition to
producing industrial, power, and marine boilers, plants in this in
dustry also make smokestacks and heavy tanks. These plants have
added about 20,000 workers to their payrolls during the past 2
years. This reflects the increased activity in the construction of
industrial plants, power facilities, and Government installations,
and an expanded shipbuilding program.
Some further employment gains are expected during the
coming months. The high rate of expenditure for new plant and
equipment evident throughout 1951 is expected to continue throughout
1952. According to a recent survey of business spending Intentions
by the Department of Commerce and the Securities and Exchange Com
mission, businessmen are planning to spend $24.1 billion in 1952,
same 4.percent higher in dollars, and larger in physical volume,
than the previous highs in 1951. Shipbuilding activity, which took
a sharp jump following the outbreak of hostilities in Korea, is
expected to make moderate gains over the 1951 level.
17
RAILROAD CARS AND STREETCARS
Employment in the manufacture of railroad cars and street
cars has remained relatively stable during the past nine months,
fluctuating between 34,000 and 38,100 production workers. In March
1952, 36,000 production workers were in the industry, an increase of
19 percent since the outbreak of Korean hostilities in June 1950, but
well under the postwar peak years of 1947 and 1948 when more than
50,000 production workers were employed in the industry.
Employment in the industry can be expected to increase some
what during 1952 as a result of the heavy demand for freight cars, the
major product of the industry. To provide defense transportation
facilities, the Defense Production Administration, in April 1952,
called for the production of 296,000 freight cars between January 1952
and July 1954, or an average of about 10,000 cars a month. This com
pares to a first quarter 1952 average of 8,000 freight cars a month.
Of the total number of freight cars produced, about 25 percent are
made outside the industry in carbuilding shops operated by railroads.
In addition to the building and rebuilding of freight cars, the indus
try builds also railway passenger cars, streetcars, rapid transit cars,
and trackless trolley busses.
18
Current Employment and|.| 144-N
J M1I I 111| 11 [Payroll Statistics
___________________
1 1 M
! I I I I I
I I I I l -M -4
Industry Data
Table It Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments
By Industry Division
(In thousands)
Year
and
nonth
Total
Contract Manufac
con
Mining
turing
struction
Transporta
tion and
public
utilities
Trade
Finance
Service
Govern
ment
Annual
average:
1939..
1940..
1941..
1942..
1943..
1944..
30,287
32,031
30,104
39,097
42,042
41,480
845
916
947
963
917
883
1,150
1, 294
1,790
2,170
1,567
1,094
10,078
10,780
12,974
15,051
17,381
17,111
2,912
3,013
3,248
3,433
3,619
3,798
6,612
6,940
7,416
7,333
7,189
7,260
1,382
1,419
1,462
1,440
1,401
1,374
3,321
3,477
3,705
3,857
3,919
3,934
3,987
4,192
4,622
5,431
6,049
6,026
1945..
1946..
1947..
1948..
1949..
1950..
1951••
40,009
41,412
43,371
44,201
43,000
44,124
46,401
826
852
943
981
932
904
920
1,132
1,661
1,982
2,165
2,156
2,318
3,872
4,023
4,122
4,151
3,979
4,010
7,522
8,602
9,196
9,491
9,438
9,524
1,394
1,586
1,641
1,716
1,763
1,812
4,055
4,621
4,786
4,799
4,782
4,761
9,804
5,967
5,607
5,454
5,613
5,811
5,910
2.569
15, 302
14,461
15,247
15,286
14,146
14,884
15*931
1,883
4,759
6,390
2,281
2,228
15.784
15,978
1,831
1.839
1,854
1.865
4,666
6,088
6,122
m i
J821•.« 45,246
F«b... 45,390
Mar... ^5.850
Apr... 45,998
Ssy... 46,226
June». 46,567
July.. 46,432
Aug... 46,724
Sopt.. 46,956
Oct... 46,902
K ov... 46,852
D « o... 47.663
1952
Jan... ^5,913
Feb... 45,891
M&r... 45.964
932
930
92^
911
915
927
906
922
917
917
917
916
909
903
899
See Explanatory Rotes
2,326
2.471
2,598
2,686
2,754
2,809
16,022
15.955
15,853
15,956
15.813
16,008
2,761
2,633
2,518
16,039
15.965
15,890
15.913
2,316
2,310
15.776
15.849
2,768
2,303
15,836
^t072
4,082
9.592
9.554
9.713
9,627
9.683
9.732
9.667
9.641
9,781
9.893
10,109
4,112
4,132
4,137
4,161
4,176
4,190
4,178
4,166
4,165
4 ,l6 l
10,660
1.914
I .898
I .898
1.907
1.912
4,103
4,108
4,116
9,720
9,646
9,664
1.909
1,919
1,936
1.874
1,893
1,908
4,657
4,682
4,745
4,789
4,835
4,852
4,839
4 ,'831
4,770
4,734
4,702
4,671
4,666
4,682
6,217
6,292
6,377
6,377
6,356
6,401
6,544
6,532
6,497
6,881
6,999
6,490
6,528
tod Glossary for definitions«
19
Industry Data
Table 2: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments
By Industry Division and Group
(In thousands)
In d u s try d iv is io n and group
Mar*
Feb.
*5,913
1*5,850
*5,390
899
903
909
92l*
930
106.U
6l . l *
361.6
268.3
101.7
106.7
100.9
100.8
105.
72.
396.
250.
99.
105.8
365.6
267.6
106.9
67.0
367.0
267.1*
CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION....
CONSTRUCTION.
Highway and s t r e e t . . . . .................
O ther n o n b u ild in g c o n s tru c tio n .
GENERAL
1951
Jan.
45,891
M etal m ining.................................• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
A n th ra c ite * ................................................................ • • • •
B itu m in o u s-co al.
Crude p etroleum and n a tu ra l gas p ro d u c tio n .
N onm etallic m ining and q u a rry in g .......................
BUILDING
Feb.
TOTAL... 1*5 ,961*
MINING.
NONBUILDING
1952
Mar.
61.8
72.8
* 02.3
251.5
97.1
2,303
2,310
2,316
2,326
2,228
397
395
390
39*
371
1*3.3
253.6
1*3.9
251.3
1* 0.3
1*9.
2**.
13*. 8
235.8
2*9.5
C O N S T R U C T I O N ......
1,906
1,915
1,926
1,932
1,857
C O N T R A C T O R S .........
773
779
775
807
763
1,133
1,136
1,151
1,125
1,09*
SPECIAL-TRADE
CONTRACTORS.
Plumbing and h e a t i n g . . . . . . . ..........
P a in tin g and d e c o r a t i n g . . . . . . . . .
E le c tr ic a l w o rk ....................... • • • • • •
O th er s p e c ia l- tr a d e c o n tra c to rs .
MANUFACTURING.
DURABLE GOODS....
N O N D U R A B L E GOODS.
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES.
T ra n s p o rta tio n .• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . .
I n t e r s t a t e r a i l r o a d s . ...................•• • • • • «
C lass I r a i l r o a d s . ,
L ocal ra ilw a y s and bus l i n e s . .................
T rucking and w areh o u sin g ...........................
O ther tr a n s p o r ta tio n and s e r v i c e s . .. .
A ir tr a n s p o r ta tio n (common c a r r ie r ) .
Communication.
T ele p h o n e.. . .
T e le g ra p h .. . .
See Explanatory Notes
20
287.8
1* 6.3
153.*
5*5.1
290.2
1*3.8
15*. 3
5W .0
296.9
11*6.1*
156.9
550.6
281*.7
11*6.7
138.3
555.5
282.6
130.2
139.0
5*1.7
15,836
15,8*9
15,776
16,022
15,978
9,006
6,830
8,997
6,852
8,9*6
6,830
8,969
7,053
8,877
7,101
l*,ll6
*,108
*,103
*,112
1*,082
2,85k
1,395
2,851
1,392
2,852
1,39*
1,221
1,218
139
639
11*1
681
87.8
639
679
87.5
712
663.0
*7.6
708
659.5
*7.1
and Glossary for definitions.
2,893
l,*5l
1,222
1,27*
11*1
1M*
626
637
680
672
86.3
76.S
701
652.8
*7.^
675
625.9
*7.8
2,866
1,1*29
1,253
11*4
62*
669
76.1
671
622.6
*7.9
Industry Data
Table 2-. Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments
By Industry Division and Group - Continued
(in thousands)
In d u s try d iv is io n and group
Mar.
1952
Fab.
550
549
.
19;51
Jan.
Mar.
F eb .
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
( C ontinued)
O ther p u b lic u t i l i t i e s . . . . . . #. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gas and e l e c t r i c u t i l i t i e s ......................................
E le c tr ic lig h t and power u t i l i t i e s . . . . . . . .
Gas u t i l i t i e s . • • • • • • • • » • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ..........
E le c tr ic l ig h t and gas u t i l i t i e s
com bined..................................................• • • • • • • • • • •
L ocal u t i l i t i e s , n o t elsew here
c l a s s i f i e d ..........................................................................
233 9
117.5
550
525.5
23 *.4
117.3
544
519.1
231.5
115.6
545
519.9
232.3
115.8
174.3
174.0
173.8
172.0
171.8
2^.2
23.9
2*.l
24.6
2* .7
526.0
234.1
117.6
525.*
9,66k
9,6*6
9,720
9,713
9,55*
W holesale t r a d e . ............................. .............................. .. 2,621
2,626
2,622
2,590
2,593
R e ta il t r a d e .....................................
7,0*3
G eneral m erchandise s t o r e s .............• • • • • • • • • • • 1,429
Food and liq u o r s to r e s ................................................ 1,287
A utom otive and a c c e s s o rie s d e a l e r s .............
739
A pparel and a c c e s s o rie s s to r e s ...................... ..
530
O ther r e t a i l t r a d e . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. ..
3,058
7,020
1,414
1,286
74*
516
7,123
1,512
1,26*
3,060
7,098
1,*72
1,282
7*9
531
3,06*
736
57*
3,037
1,*31
1,257
735
515
3,023
FINANCE.... ................................... . 1,936
1,919
1,909
1,85*
1,839
TRADE...........................................
Banks and t r u s t com panies...........• • • • • • • • • • • •
S e c u rity d e a le rs and e x c h a n g e s . . . . . . . . . . . . .
In su ran c e c a r r ie r s and a g e n t s . . . . . . . . . ..........
O ther fin a n c e ag en c ies and re a l e s t a t e . . . . .
479
61*..3
701
692
L aundries. ...........................................................................
GOVERNMENT......................................
F ed eral 1 / . . . . . . .................................................. ..
If
692
*72
63.9
685
**9
63.9
662
63.*
679
*,671
*,682
*,657
*28
*2*
435
*32
352.6
153.8
353.*
153.2
355.5
153.8
351.3
150.4
350.9
1*5.1
2*3
2*2
242
243
2*0
6,528
6, *90
6,509
6,217
6,122
2,354
4,174
2,344
4,146
2,331
4,178
2,146
4,071
2,085
4,057
686
688
*,666
430
F ou rth c la s s p o stm a ste rs are excluded h ere bu t a re in c lu d e d in T able 7.
**6
657
673
SERVICE......................................... 4,682
H o tels and lodging p la c e s ........................................
477
6*.0
6,961
21
Industry Data
Table 3:
All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries
(In thousands)
All employees
Jan.
1952
106.7
106.9
36.8
28.9
22.5
37.1
28.9
22.2
A N T H R A C I T E ....................................
28.9
22.5
61.*
61.8
67.0
72.2
61T U M 1N O U S - C O A L .............................
361.6
365.6
367.0
CRU DE P E T R O L E U M AND N A T U R A L GAS
P R O D U C T I O N ...................................
268.3
267.6
267. k
-101.7
—
100.9
15,8*9
8,997
MINING............................................................
M E T A L M I N I N G ..................................
Iron mining............. ..........
Copper mining......................
Lead and zinc mining..............
Petroleum and natural gas production
(except contract services).......
NONMETALLIC
MINING
AND
Q U A R R Y I N G ____
Mar.
1952
899
106.4
Production workers
Feb.
1952
903
Industry group and industry
36.8
MANUFACTURING..............................................
15,836
D U R A B L E G O O D S ................................
N O N D U R A B L E G O O D S ............................
9,006
6,830
A C C E S S O R I E S ..............
ORDNANCE
AND
FOOD
KINDRED
AND
P R O D U C T S .............
Meat products.....................
Dairy products....................
Canning and preserving...........
Grain-mill products..............
Bakery products......... .........
Sugar.............................
Confectionery and related products.
Beverages.........................
Miscellaneous food products......
TOBACCO
M A N U F A C T U R E S ....................
909
—
100.8
15.776
8, 91*6
6,830
6,852
71.6
73-9
1,4*1 l,**7
303.9 310.2
136.* 13*.6
128.7
130.6
283.3
26.7
93.6
205.9
131.8
85
69.2
1,452
Knitting mills......................
Dyeing and finishing textiles......
Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings .
Other textile-mi11 products.........
See E x p la n a t o r y Notes
22
and G lo s s a r y
89.3
52.5
130.6
Feb.
1952
—
9*.0
32.9
25.1
19.7
58.1
396.3
57.7
337.8
250.2
—
29.2
21.6
—
99-6
16,022
87
90
85
26.8
40.9
11.9
9.9
26.8
25.7
42.0
12.2
4.9
1,226
160.0
569.7
229.1
230 .*
89.8
52.1
130.0
fo r d e f in it io n s ,,
8 7 .8
|
50.9
128.6
19.8
127.9
87.9
12,791
8,969 7,292
7,053 5, *99
56.1
35-5
1,476 1,058
295.3 2*0.*
139.1
95.5
150.0
10*.1
126.4
96.*
287.5 186.2
28.8
21.7
78.*
97.2
213.4 138.2
27.3
96.6
202.3
129.9
130.2
131.0
28*. 8
26.5
229.6
Mar.
1952
—
93.7
32.9
25.1
310.7
133.5
131.3
131.0
286.2
28.7
97.8
203.9
129.3
*1.6
*1 .*
12.0
11.8
5.3
7.1
TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS.............................. 1,207 1,217
Yarn and thread mills..............
157.9 159.7
5^7.0 555.*
Broad-woven fabric mills...........
Cigarettes........................
Cigars............................
Tobacco and snuff.................
Tobacco stemming and redrying....
Mar.
1951
924
105.3
36.4
172.5
596.6
256.1
94.0
62.2
137.8
—
127.*
127.3
12*. 0
87.2
87.2
86.8
12,766
1,061
1,068
2**.l
9*. 6
105.5
96.5
186.9
22.2
2*6.*
93.7
105.8
97.0
187.2
2*.0
82.7
9*.7
80
82
23.9
39.*
10.1
2*.2
39.3
10.3
6.3
2*.2
38.8
10.3
1*6.8
516.*
209.9
79.1
**.8
113.6
32.6
25.6
19.0
67.9
372.2
13,189
7,29* 7 , 26* 7 , *28
5,51* 5,502 5,761
28.7
5*.7
53.5
12,808
78
1,111
•
--
136.2
*.5
' 1,319
--
81.3
13*. 3
95.*
96.6
138.1
Mar.
1951
—
93.2
3*1.5
Jan.
1952
—
9*. 2
33.1
25.2
19.5
63.O
3*3.5
1,121
1*9.0
525.*
210.1
79.3
**.5
113.1
9.0
1,131
1*9.0
5*0.0
209.0
77.9
*3.1
112,*
1,096
233.3
99.0
12*. 6
95.2
190.0
23.8
80.3
1*6.6
102.8
78
23.3
39.9
10.7
*.2
1,223
161.8
56*.*
236.*
83.9
5*. 3
122.6
Industry Data
Table 3: AM Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries - Continued
(In thousands)
All employees
Industry group and industry
Mar.
1952
APPAREL AW) OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE
PRODUCTS....................... 1,166
Feb.
Jan.
1952
1952
1,172
Men's and boys * suits and coats...
1*0 .1
140.9
clothing......................
V«ea's MUrwtMT...............
Women's, children’s under garments..
Millinery......................
Children's outerwear.............
Pur goods and miscellaneous apparel. .
Other fabricated textile products...
2^6.1
3*0 .2
102.5
25.9
69.9
87.O
1*6.6
251.5
344.7
101.7
25.6
70.0
88.6
146.6
732
729
Men’s aad
s and work
LUMBER AK9 *000 PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
FWUIITlNtE)..................................................
Logging caaps and contractors.....
Sawmills and planing Kills.......
Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated
structural wood products........
Wooden containers...............
Miscellaneous wood products.......
FURNITURE AND FIXTURES...........................
Household furniture................
Other furniture and fixtures.......
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS......................
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills...
Paperboard containers and boxes....
Other paper and allied products....
PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED
INDUSTRIES..................................................
Newspapers..........................
Periodi cals.....................
Books...............................
Commercial printing................
Lithographing.......................
Other printing and publishing......
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..............
Industrial inorganic chemicals.....
Industrial organic chemicals.......
Drugs and medicines................
Paints, pigments, and fillers......
Pert i1i zers ....................
Vegetable and animal oils and fats..
Other chemicals and allied products.
58.1
Production workers
Mu'.
1951
1,11*9 1,229
1*0.7 155.3
2* 7.2
261.9
339.8
335-5
98.9 107.8
25.*
23.*
65.9
68.1
90.3
95.9
11*6.7
15^.3
718
785
52.1
*23.2
*•■57.1
123.0
56.1
Mur.
1952
1,050
126.8
Feb.
Jan.
1952
1952
1,052
127.8
237.7 232.4
505.1 3C6.1
92.6
91.7
23.7 23.0
63.7 64.3
76.3 78.2
1^3.7 126.5
1,029
127.2
226.2
300.3
88.9
21.0
60.2
79.2
124.3
667
665
54.6
397*5
53.9
395.6
654
47.9
390.6
89.8
70.4
89.6
70.9
91.6
71.0
Mar.
1951
1,106
1*1.0
262.7
305.1
97.2
22.8
62.1
8*. 2
131.3
722
52.1
*26.0
107.*
77.*
58.7
*30.2
59.1
428.4
105.6
105.3
76.6
60.6
107.0
345
345
31*5
371*
296
296
296
326
237.3
107-5
236.7
108.2
237.2
107.5
265.0
109.1
208.5
87.9
207.9
88.5
208.0
87.6
236.1
90.0
U83
483
1*82
1*98
404
405
405
*2*
21+5.8
128.2
108.9
246.6
127.4
108.6
21*7.1
126.8
108. 1*
21*2.2
139.3
116.0
210.1
106.1
88.0
210.1
106.2
88.3
211.3
105.7
87.8
76k
767
768
760
508
508
510
302.9
304.0
54.7
51.5
204.1
40.0
303.2
5*.7
297-1
52.8
*9.3
206.9
1*1.1
152.1
35.6
35.7
166.8
30.9
152.0
35.2
35.9
I66.5
151.3
34.7
36.0
169.7
76.2
60.6
54.6
51.3
203.9
76.5
59.2
51.2
207.2
40.3
111.4
112.2
112.1
761
760
757
83.5
229.5
108.2
7*.8
35.0
59.6
83.5
227-3
110.2
74.9
42.2
54.0
168.6
83.4
228.3
109.0
74.7
38.8
57.1
168.3
39.9
166.6
83.5
65.0
112.8
7*8
80.1
221.7
10*. 8
76.0
*2.*
53.*
169.3
54.2
86.7
537
60.8
167.9
71.4
47.6
34.8
40.9
114.0
54.4
30.6
87.3
537
60.8
168.5
70.6
47.8
31.5
44.1
113.8
53.0
30.6
88.0
536
61.0
169.6
70.2
47.9
27.8
46.4
112.8
209.1
119.0
95-6
512
150.0
35-6
36.3
169.7
32.2
87.7
539
58.6
166.7
69.3
*9.6
35-6
*2.1
116.8
23
Industry Data
Table 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries - Continued
(In thousands)
All employees
Industry group and industry
PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL............
Petroleum refining..................
Coke and byproducts.................
Other petroleum and coal products...
RUBBER PRODUCTS..........................................
Tires and inner tubes...............
Rubber footwear.....................
Other rubber products..............
LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS................
1952
Feb.
1952
Jan.
1252
267
267
266
216.6
22.*
216.8
22.1
27.8
Mar.
28.3
271
119.3
29.9
216.*
22.1
27.*
Production workers
Mar.
1951
257
20*. 7
21.*
30.5
271
270
272
121.5
119.*
30.3
120.0
119.7
31.0
121.7
128.3
383
382
368
*10
**.2
**.6
**.2
112.5
30.6
50.6
Mar.
1952
19*
152.3
19.2
22.3
216
93-8
2*.2
97-6
3*3
39.7
2**.5
2*5.6
235.1 259.6 221.8
81.7
93.6
89.1
99.3
93.1
*50
STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS.......... 531
529
533
55*
138.* 137.6 1*6.9 121.2
Glass and glass products............
139.7
36.2
*2.8
*2.*
*2.5
*2.3
78.0
88.8
87.1
87.1
88.5
61.1
1*8.5
5*.*
55.0
Pottery and related products.......
5*.7
96.8
81.1
97.2
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
97.*
99.3
116.0
85.0
108.8
Other stone, clay, and glass products.
109.*
111.5
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES........................ 1,3*8
1,353 1,35* 1,3*1 1,153
Footwear (except rubber)...........
Other leather products.............
Blast furnaces, steel works, and
rolling mills............. .........
Iron and steel foundries......... .
Primary smelting and refining of
nonferrous metals..................
Rolling, drawing, and alloying of
nonferrous metals.............. ....
Other primary metal industries......
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)....................
Tin cans and other tinware.........
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware...
Heating apparatus (except electric)
and plumbers' supplies............
Fabricated structural metal products .
Metal stamping, coating, and
engraving..........................
Other fabricated metal products....
2U
655.5
271.2
57.0
100.1
112.6
151.8
990
*5 .*
1*8.0
1*3.0
2*5.3
172.*
236.0
657.9
27*.*
57.2
99.*
111.7
657.6
989
**.3
150.1
1*3.2
2*3.3
171.3
237.1
986
152.1
277.*
56.3
100.5
111.1
150.8
**.7
151.1
1*3.8
2*0.9
170.*
235.3
6*3 .*
279.9
56.6
10*. 0
110.7
1*6.0
1,031
*8.9
566.3
238.9
*7-5
m .
Jan.
1952
1952
r.
1951
193
193
192
152.6
18.9
21.8
152.7
18.8
21.*
215
218
9*.l
2*.7
96.1
3*2
330
*0.0
220.8
81.3
39.8
212.8
77.5
**8
120.0
36.1
78.0
*9.2
79.9
8*.6
1,160
*52
119.*
36.6
79.7
*9.0
80.8
86.7
1,162
1*9.0
18.5
2*.5
220
88.3
25.0
106.3
371
*5.9
237.0
87.6
*79
130.1
36.2
80.3
55.3
8**3
92*9
1,159
569.8
2*3.1
570.2
2*6.3
561.1
2*9.*
*7.7
*7.1
*7.*
81.0
93.6
12*. 6
93.0
12*. 9
82.2
92.*
12*. 1
122.0
805
805
80*
858
12*. 9
1* 1.7
115.*
186.7
1*3.0
195.5
133.9
176.*
81.8
39.6
167.1
122.0
162.7
225.9
11*.2
38.5
12*.3
11*.*
195.9
1*3.*
196.*
192.3
23*. 5
9*.*
25.*
97.9
Mb
189.*
1**.3
188.1
38.9
85.9
93.*
*2.7
166.1
197.0
Industry Data
Table 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries - Continued
(In thoaaea&a)
All employees
Industry group and industry
1952
MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL).......
Engines and turbines..............
Agricultural machinery and tractors..
Construction aad mini*4 machinery....
Metalworking machinery............
Special-industry machinery {except
metalworking machinery)..........
General lmrtaatrial machinery.....
Office and store machines and devices
Service-industry and household machines
Miscellaneous machinery parts......
ELECT!ICAL MACHINERY..............
Electrical generating, transmission,
distribution, and industrial
appstratus......................
Electrical equipment for vehicles....
Communication equipment............
Electrical appliances, lamps, and
miscellaneous products...........
1952
1952
1,579
100.1
05-7
189.6 19S.1
130.9 117.0
968
965
378.9
380.8
.3
82.5
362.*
359-0
79.*
353.*
185.9
133.5
312.3
19^.8
2*0.9
108. *
171-*
206.8
81.*
366.8
1,656
100.8
190.9
132.2
312.7
192.7
2*0.7
108.3
170.2
SCTJ.k
81.9
366.0
139.6
318
27.8
Ophthalmic goods.................
Photographic apparatus............
Watches and clocks....... ........
Professional and scientific
instruments.....................
6*.3
35.8
190.3
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTUR ING INDUSTRIES.
*6l
1*5.8
68.6
1 , 6*7
Ja n .
Mar.
1952
1952
1951
1,281 1,276
1,231
F#b.
1951
967
100.9
11.2
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware...
Toys and sporting goods..... .....
Costume Jewelry, buttons* notions....
Other miscellaneous manufacturing
industries.....................
1952
1,277
7**7 7**8
1*5.2 1*9.9
101.4 100,6
262.6
2*8.3 2*8.3
19*. 8
1*5.9 1*5-5
22*.1
173.2 173-3
102.3
89.6
89.6
18*.1
132.*
166.*
195.9
726
722
9**
1,655
139.7
1,578
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT........... 1,565
771.0
Automobiles.....................
771-5
Aircraft and parts...............
581*. 5 580.*
389.0 38^.7
Aircraft.......................
120.8 120.7
Aircraft engines and parts........
13.0
Aircraft propellers and parts.....
12.7
61.7
61.3
Other aircraft parts and equipment. ...
Ship and boat building and repairing..
143.1 139.8
Ship building and repairing.......
JS7.1 12*.7
16.0
Boat building and repairing.......
15.1
Railroad equipment...............
75*5
75.5
Other transportation equipment.....
INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS____
Production workers
Jan.
53.9
293.0
11.2
317
27.5
63.9
35-5
189*7
*61
*6.1
67.1
5*.7
293.3
310.0
193a
2*0.1
107.8
167.*
208.0
1*1.*
1,560
775.0
566.*
377.5
116.1
12.7
60.1
131.0
116.8
1*.2
76.6
11.1
316
27. 5
63.7
35.5
189.*
*53
*5.7
6*.5
52.6
290.6
1*8.7
2*6.5
65.7
151.0
1*6.8
1*9.0
T*«3
173.*
89.8
130.1
166.6
725
87.3
222.9
162.7
86.0
i*a.*
157.7
72*
272.8 262.1
66.5
6*.6
*83
272.9 273.1 271.1 273.2
112.1 112.5 11*.l 123.9
152.3
1,527
1,253 1,2*6 1,235 1,253
935.6
629.9 629.5 633.2 793-*
*00.0
*15.* 298.9
*27.1 *2*.0
286.7 283.5 278.9 20*.1
271.*
8*.l 8*.l
77.2
81.3
55.1
9.2
9.0
9.0
9.5
6.7
*1.9
*6.2
*7 .*
33-0
*7.1
125.8 122.*
95-6
109.5
11*.9
102.3
82.7
95.0
111.5 108.9
12.6
12.9
1*.5
l*.3 13.5
60.7
68.6
60 .5
61.7
5*.l
13.2
9.3
9-*
9-3
11.3
290
232
218
232
232
27.8
22.5
22.3
22.9
22.3
**.8
57.8
*2.5
**•7
**.7
30.1
30.*
30.1
3*. 2
28.9
170.0
13*.5 13*-5 135.1 123.*
380
508
*29
381
37*
36.8
*7.2
56.8
37.1 37-*
78.0
58.8
68.9
5**9
57.5
*5.0
6*.5
*5.6
*3.5
55.1
308.6
239.9 239.6 238.3 258.0
272.1
65.3
I n d u s t r y Dat a
Table 4: Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing Industries
(In thousand*)
1952
Mar.
F.b.
Jan.
1951
me.
169.6
34.0
11. 4
17.9
28.0
13-*
4.2
60.1
59.1
17.5
172.7
3*.l
11.3
17.6
27.7
13.4
4.6
62.3
57-5
16.4
174.7
34.0
11.2
17.4
28.1
13.3
6.0
63.6
58.4
16.5
162.6
3 M
12.1
18.1
27.6
14.1
5.1
61.3
60.3
22.3
100.6
382.0
74.5
56.6
91.1
30.2
30.9
8.0
102.6
383.5
80.9
56.7
51.7
30.3
30.8
8.5
102.7
392.0
85.2
56.9
51.7
30.2
29.5
8.3
113.1
426.5
72.0
67.2
56.9
36.9
36.7
9.4
78.2
H.5
75.5
11.2
75.5
11.7
87.7
12.9
103.9
26.6
104.9
26.5
105.8
26.6
124.7
29.2
21.2
__ JT
7.6
*7.*
18.*
21.6
mm *
!<£>
48.3
18.6
21.8
mm f
7.6
50.4
18.4
22.2
7.1
56.6
20.7
38.3
37-*
36.8
43.4
33.6
24.8
8.6
33.*
23.8
8.7
33.1
24.8
8.5
36.5
28.1
A /
Industry
FOOD AMO KINDRED PRODUCTS:
Meat packing, wholesale..................
Prepared Meats...........................
Concentrated M ilk ...................................................... ..
Ice cress and ices.......................
flour sad seal................... .......
Cane-sugar refining......................
Beet sugar...............................
Confectionery products...................
Malt liquors.............................
Distilled liquors, except brandy..........
TEXT ILE-W ILL PRODUCTS:
Tarn mills, wool (except carpet), cotton
and silk systems....... ................
Cotton M d rayon bioad-wcrren fabrics.....
Woolen tad worsted fabrics................
Pull-fashioned hosiery mills..............
Seanless hosiery mills....................
Wool carpets, rugs, aad carpet yarn.......
Fur-felt hats and hat bodies.......... ....
APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS:
Men's dress shirts and nightwear..........
Work shirts.................. .
FURNITURE A W FIXTURES:
Wood household furniture, except upholstered.
M a ttre ss e s and b e d s p rin g s ............................................
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS:
P l a s t ic m a t e r i a l s . . . ........................................................
S y n th e tic ru b b e r.................................................................
S y n th e tic f i b e r s .......................................*........................
Soap and g ly c e rin ...............................................................
STOKE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS:
G lass c o n ta in e rs .................................................................
P re ssed and blown g la s s , not elsew here
B rick and hollow t i l e .....................................................
See E x p lan ato ry N otes, se c tio n G.
26
8*6
I n d u s t r y Dat a
Table4-. Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing Industries - Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES:
Gray-iron foundries..........................
Malleable-iron foundries.....................
Steel foundries......................... .
Primary copper, lead, and zinc........... .
Primary aluminum..............................
Iron and steel forgings......................
Wire drawing..................................
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE,
MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT):
Cutlery and edge tools.......................
Hand tools, not elsewhere classified, files,
hand saws, and saw blades............. .
Hardware, not elsewhere classified.........
Metal plumbing fixtures and fittings........
Oil burners, heating and cooking apparatus,
not elsewhere classified....................
Structural and ornamental products..........
Boiler shop products...................... ...
Metal stampings........................... .
Mar.
1952
F«b.
Jan.
1951
Mar.
1*6.9
25.2
66.2
25.8
10.5
37.1
*3.2
1*9.7
26.5
66.*
26.0
10.3
37.5
*3.5
152.3
27.1
66.*
25.8
10.3
36.9
43.7
163.3
27.5
59.8
26.3
9.8
33.7
*3.6
21.0
21.3
21.7
2*.9
35-2
63.*
25.*
6*.o
36.*
25.5
37.0
63.7
26.0
38.5
7*.7
31.5
72.9
65.8
63.3
73-0
65.*
62.6
102.6
72.9
65.1
62.0
102.9
82.5
63.2
55.6
123.6
67.5
72.6
73.7
65.8
73-0
65.O
**.8
**.2
102.6
MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL):
Tractors......................................
Farm machinery, except tractors..... .
Machine tools.................................
Metalworking machinery, not elsewhere
classified...................................
Cutting tools, jigs, fixtur«s, etc........
Computing and related machines..............
Typewriters^..................................
Refrigeration machinery..... ................
Ball and roller bearings.....................
Machine shops .............................
7*.6
66.3
**.7
9*.9
*2.3
21.2
92.9
*9.0
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT:
Locomotives and parts..............
Railroad and streetcars...................
*2.6
21.5
*1.6
86.9
*0.3
20.8
106.2
*8.0
*9.*
*8.1
*5-*
*5.*
171.1
171.0
169.*
183.2
*6.6
*6 .*
*6.3
38.2
25.8
36.0
26.2
35-3
26.3
36.5
31.3
13.7
13.8
13.7
17.6
*7-5
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES:
Si Iverware and plated ware,. ...... .,...... * 1
96.0
72.0
75-7
57.*
89.*
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY:
Radios and related products.................
Telephone and telegraph equipment and
communication equipment, not elsewhere
classi fied...................................
95-7
*2.5
21.3
91.6
*9.2
72.0
2*.0
27
Employment and Payrolls
Table 5; Indexes of Production Worker Employment and Weekly Payrolls
in Manufacturing Industries
(19U7 -19I19 Average * 100)
P erio d
Aaanal
i v tr t ^ c :
1939............................................
1940............................................
1941............................................
1942............................................
1943............................................
1944............................................
1945............................................
1940............................................
1947............................................
1948............................................
1949............................................
1950............................................
1951.............
1951
P ro d u ctio n -w o rk er ,
employment index
66.2
71.2
87.9
103.9
121.V
118.1
29.9
3*.0
*9.3
72.2
99.0
106.8
lOfc.6
87.8
81.2
97.7
105.1
97.2
111.2
97.9
103A
102.8
93.8
99.2
105.4
105.2
106.6
106.6
May.................
P ro d u ctio n -w o rk er
p a y - ro ll index —'
106.0
105.0
129.2
126.8
128.5
130.0
129.5
128.1
105.6
129.8
104.2
105.7
105.8
105.1
104.3
104.4
126.4
128.4
130.9
103.2
103.5
103
130.*
130.9
131.2
129.8
129.8
132.9
1952
1/
R ep resen ts number o f p ro d u c tio n and r e la te d w orkers in m an u facturin g ex p resse d
as a p e rc e n ta g e o f average m onthly p ro d u c tio n w orker employment in 1947-1949
p e rio d .
2/ R ep re sen ts p ro d u c tio n w orker average weekly p a y ro ll ex p resse d as p e rc e n ta g e o f
average w eekly p a y ro ll fo r 1947-1949 p e rio d . A ggregate weekly p a y ro ll fo r a l l
m an u factu rin g i s d eriv ed by m u ltip ly in g g ro ss average weekly e a rn in g s by p ro
d u c tio n w orker employment.
28
Shipbuilding
Table 6: Employees in the Shipbuilding and Repairing Industry
by Region jy
(In thouMais)
Region
1952
Iter.
....
J«n.
I1
II
1951
Mar.
F eb.
ALL REGIONS............
259.4
256.4
248.0
210.7
198.8
PRIVATE...........................
127.1
124.7
116.8
95.0
94.4
NAVY..................................
132.3
131.7
131.2
115.7
10*.*
NORTH ATLANTIC.......
116.6
115.2
112.1
94.7
90.2
P r iv a te ...........................
57.6
59.0
56.6
58.6
53.7
58.4
43.5
51.2
*2.7
47.5
SOUTH ATLANTIC.......
44.5
1*4.8
43.2
36.6
34.1
19.6
24.9-
24.6
20.2
18.8
24.*
14.2
22.4
13.3
19.2
18.1
15.9
16.6
16.2
6k .
k
63.5
62.*
51.8
47.5
16.0
15.0
48.5
14.0
48.4
9.7
42.1
36.1
9.9
10.0
9.7
6.8
6.6
20.8
GULF:
P r iv a te ...........................
PACIFIC......w ......
P r iv a te ...........................
Navy..................................
11.4
GREAT LAKES:
P r iv a te ...........................
INLAND:
4.8
4.8
4.2
4.2
P r iv a te ...........................
4.7
1 The N orth A tla n tic re g io n in c lu d e s a l l y a rd s b o rd e rin g on th e A tla n tic in th e
fo llo w in g S ta te s : C o n n ectic u t, D elaw are, M aine, M aryland, M a ssach u setts, New
H am pshire, New J e rs e y , New York, P en n sy lv a n ia, Rhode Is la n d , and Verm ont.
The South A tla n tic re g io n in c lu d e s a l l y a rd s b o rd e rin g on th e A tla n tic in th e
fo llo w in g S ta te s : G eorgia, V irg in ia , N orth C a ro lin a , and South C a ro lin a .
The G u lf re g io n in c lu d e s a l l y a rd s b o rd e rin g on th e G ulf o f Mexico in th e f o l
lowing S ta te s : Alabama, F lo rid a , L o u isia n a, M is s is s ip p i, and T exas.
The P a c if ic re g io n in c lu d e s a l l y a rd s in C a lifo r n ia , Oregon, and W ashington.
The G reat Lakes re g io n in c lu d e s a l l y a rd s b o rd e rin g on th e G reat Lakes in th e
fo llo w in g S ta te s : I l l i n o i s , M ichigan, M innesota, New York, Ohio, P en n sy lv an ia,
and W isconsin.
The In la n d re g io n in c lu d e s a l l o th e r y a rd s.
29
Federal Government
T ab le
7:
Fe d e ral C iv ilia n E m p lo ym en t and Pay R o lls in A ll A r e a s and in C o n tin e n ta l U n ite d State s and T o ta l
G o v e rn m e n t C iv ilia n Em p lo ym en t and P a y ro lls in the D is t r ic t of C o lu m b ia
(in thousands)
Employment
(as of first of month)
Area and branch
Payrolls
(total for month)
1952
Feb.
Mar.
1952
Jan.
Mar.
Mar.
?•*.
1951
Jan.
Mar.
ALL AREAS
TOTAL FEDERAL....................... .
Executive 1/............ .,
Defease agencies 2/..... .
Post Office Department 3/,
Other agencies...... .
Legislative.... ........ . .
Judicial........... ....... .
2,551-1 2 , 537.5
2 , 538.7 2,525.2
1 , 31*.5 1,306.8
503.6
506.8
715-* 7 1 2 .8
8.4
8.3
*.0
*.0
2,524.3
2 ,3 3 2 .3
2 ,5 1 2 .1
1 ,2 9 6 .9
2 ,3 2 0 .2
502.*
7 1 2 .8
8 .3
3 .9
♦803,718 ♦801,375 $ 8*6,065 $ 7 0 6 ,1 8 *
798,509 796,100 8*0,57< 701,369
392,3*5 391,06s * 13,323 3 * 5,685
15«,&7 158,*te 158,767 133 , 3*2
6 9 7 .8
2* 7,293 2*6 ,55 7 268 , *«9 222,5*2
3,600 3,5*6 3,661
3 ,2 6 1
8.2
1,826 1 , 35*
1 ,6 0 9
1 ,7 2 9
3 .9
CONTINENTAL
UNITED STATES 1/
TOTAL FEDERAL.................................
2 , 373.5
Executive 1/..... ..............
Defense agencies 2/...........
Post Office Department 3/.....
Other agencies................
Legislative.....................
Judicial........................
2 .3 6 1 .2
.
5 06 .6
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
TOTAL GOVERNMENT................................
D. C.
TOTAL
G O V E R N M E N T ......................
F E D E R A L 5 / ......................
E x e cu tiv e 1/ .......................
Defense agencies 2/..........
Post Office Department 3/....
Other agencies.••••••••••••••.
Legislative....................
Judicial. ••••••••••..... .
2 ,3 6 2 .9
2 .3 5 0 .0
2 , 350.7 2 , 337.8
1 195.3 1,192.2 1.181.1
5OO.3
501.5
6 5 6 .*
657.0
659.3
8.*
8.3
8.3
3.9
3.9
3.9
2 72 .8
2 0 .5
252.3
2 *3 .2
87.1
8.0
1*8.1
8.*
.7
273.0
20.6
2 5 2 .*
2*3.*
8 7 .1
8.0
1 *8 .3
8 .3
.7
2 72 .0
2 0 .5
251.5
2 *2 .5
8 6 .5
7.9
1*8.1
8.3
.7
2.169.3 757 ,* * 6 755 , 2* * 797,797
2 .1 5 7 .3
1 ,0 1 5 .5
7 5 2 ,2 7 8
362,761
158,210
*87.1
6514.7 231,307
8.2
3,600
1 ,5 6 8
3.8
26^.6 101,430
20.3
6,242
2*4.3 95,188
2 3 5 .*
80.2
7 .7
1 *7 .5
8.2
.7
91,2 86
32,*58
3,389
55 , *39
3,6 0 0
302
6 6 *,3 8 9
750,014 792,357 659,812
361,775 382,580 317 , 1*0
1 5 7 ,8 2 *
230,415
,
158,110
251,667
3,6 6 1
101,213
1 09 ,7*5
6,2 6 6
9*,
9*7
6 ,6 3 5
103,110
9 1 ,0 8 *
,
*
, *
99,111
3* ,6 8 3
3 , *50
3 5*6
1,68*1
32 35
3 36
55,366
3 , 5*6
317
1,779
6 0,9 78
3 ,6 6 1
1 3 2 ,8*7
209,825
3 ,2 6 1
1,316
93,837
5,578
8 8,259
8
* , 709
2 9,403
,
2 9*9
52,357
338
3,2 6 1
289
Includes all executive agencies (except the Central Intelligence Agency), Government corporations. Federal
Reserve Banks, and mixed-oWnership banks of the Parra Credit Administration.
Civilian employment in navy
yards, arsenals, hospitals, and on force-account construction is included in total for executive agencies.
—
—^ Covers civilian employees of the Department of Defense (Secretary of Defense, Army, Navy, and Air Force),
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Canal Zone Government, Selective Service System, Mational Securities
Resources Board, National Security Council, and War Claims Commission.
q/
—
Includes Fourth Class Postmasters, excluded from Federal total in Table 2.
— / Covers only the
States and the District of Columbia.
— ^ Includes all Federal civilian employment in Washington Standard Metropolitan area (District of Columbia
adjacent Maryland and Virginia counties).
30
State Data
Table 8:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
by State
(In thousands)
State
Alabama........... .
Arizona............... .
Arkansas...........
...........
California
Colorado...............
Connecticut ............
Delaware........... .
District of Columbia
.. .
Florida ................
Georgia................
X/
^/
Idaho ..................
Illinois...............
Indiana................
Iowa...................
Total
19^2
1951
Mar. 1 F«h660.U
658.9 6U2.5
189.7 188.1 17U.5
300.3 299.3 311.3
3,536.9 3,528.2 3,l«12.3
377.0 378.2 363.1
830.8 827.8 806.9
520.2 520.lt 510.5
757.0 756.9 753.0
851.U 8U9.6 839.9
127.1 127.5 131.5
5/ 318U.7
5/
5/
V 1282.8
619.5 620.3 612.0
U83.6
512.0
512.U
-
•
•
266.8
259.9
7Ut.U 738.lt 72U.3
1,751.$ 1.753.3 1,791.3
261.9
Maryland .3/ ............
Massachusetts ...........
Minnesota...............
Mississippi .............
Missouri...............
Montana................
Nebraska...............
Nevada.................
New Hampshire...........
............................
New York ................... ............
North Carolina .....................
North Dakota.........................
Ohio .......................................
Oklahoma ...............................
Oregon ....................................
Pennsylvania ...........
Rhode Island .........................
New Mexico
8l0.lt
807.1
810.5
_
1,235.5 l,23lt. 6 1,205.1
11*3.2 11*2.7 1U3.0
32h.2 322.9 316.9
56.0
5U.6
56.7
165.2 166.2 169.I1
1,665.2 1,659.2 1,666.5
162.2
160.9 156.7
5, 808.lt 5,785.8 5,780.6
968.2
969.5 971.6
108.0
y
y
503.5
505.1
1*91.9
Mining
1952
Mar. 1 Feb.
21.lt 21.6
12.3 12.2
6.I1
6.5
33.9 3U.2
10.1 10.2
if
V6.6
^6
U.l* lt.5
5.9 5.9
§/
V,
5/
?/
S.7 2.9
18.3 18.1
57.0 56.lt
29.5 29.1
.6
.6
3.0 3.0
V
V
«.
16.6
8.9
10.9
y3.1
.2
l6.lt
9.2
11.1
5.1
.2
3*9 3.8
1U.2 13.8
10.9 10.6
3.k 3.5
2
/ 26.2
y
27
.2
U2.2 U2.6
1.1 1.1
172.1 165.6
y1.2
&
2.3
2.3
11.6
11.U,
116.8 115.9
llt.0
1U.0
1.2
1.2
23.5 23.8
2.9
2.9
121.1
122.0
3.5
3.5
10.2 9.9
1951
Mar.
22.3
11.7
6.U
3h.O
10.2
2/
y
6.7
U.5
5.5
llt.0
2.7
17.7
58.6
26.5
.5
2.lt
y
_
16 .k
-
8.8
11.0
y2.9
.2
3.8
n .6
10.8
3.6
.9
1.2
1*31.2 U2U.7 lt35.1
18^.8
3,670.1 3,61*9.6 3,702.8
297.8 297.8 309.7
y1.2
South Carolina ..........
506.2 1»99.8 1*82.5
South Dakota ............................
120.lt
2.3
118.5
120.3
12.2
Tennessee . \ / ...........................
773.2 768.0 77U.7
Texas ..........................................
107.5
2,112.3 2,106.9 2,0lt0.0
201.0
197.0
Utah X/......................................
13.2
201.0
1.1
Vermont ................
98.1
97.3
97.9
Virginia . 3 / ...........
23.1
85H.6 853.5 822.8
Washington”! ..............................
2.8
697.9 69O.lt 687.3
West V irg in ia.........................
127.2
516.8
5l 6.lt
529.9
Wisconsin...................................
1 , 036.1 1,039.7 l , 0lt2.1
3.3
Wyoming .....................................
80.6 77.U
9.5
81.2
1/ Revised series; not strict. Ly comparable w ltn previousxy puBiisma dat&.
2/ Mining combined with construction.
5/ See Footnote
Table 7, for explanatory note on government.
Contract Construction
1952
Mar. 1 Feb.
35.5
13.8
19.1
203.8
27.6
1*0.2
21.5
63.5
1*5.3
9.2
y5/,
2f.3
30.3
-*
8.5
51.3
52.7
-
36.0
53.5
6.9
15.6
U.9
5.0
77.8
Ut.3
201.6
76.9
S/
30.5
22.3
11*5.7
l5.lt
52.3
5.3
1*1*.5
162.8
8.1
2.6
58.9
1(1.7
13.9
Ut.o
U.9
1951
Mar.
29.8
U*.5
20.9
21*3.2
30.5
38.1
a .2
66.5
ltlt.U
36.1
lit. 2
18.6
213.6
28.7
38.8
20.8
65.5
U5.9
10.1 11.6
137.1
V,
5/ 1*9.1
25.9 27.2
32.6 32.2
mm
—
9.1 7.8
51.0 5U.6
52.5 68.1
35.6 38.2
5U.1 5U.6
6.9
7.2
15.7
lt.8
5.2
76.5
15.0
U.1
11*.2
16.8
199.6
217.1
62.lt
72.5
£- /
5.7
81.5
-$.k
31.5 31.6
a .3 23.lt
11*1*.7 11*9.1
lU.U llt.8
1*9.2 27.8
5.It lt.7
1*3.1*
163.1*
8.5
2.6
58.5
39.7
13.8
k5.2
U.9
1*7.8
16U.6
11.7
3.0
53.9
hl.U
16.6
Ui.5
5.1
31
State Data
Table 8: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
by State - Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
State
Mar.
.
Alabama....... .
Arizona.............
Arkansas............
California..........
Colorado............
Delaware...... .
District of Columbia. .
Florida .............
Georgia .............
1952
231.7
22.9
7U.0
92k.l
63.0
U29.2
51.1
17.2
113.1
300.8
Feb.
232.U
22.3
75.6
915.6
63.3
U29.7
51.1
17.U
112.5
301.7
1951
Mar.
230.U
17.8
SL.6
851.1
59.9
105.7
H9.U
16.7
111.0
30U.U
20.It
1229.3
606.2
163.3
110.5
153.1
UtU.lt
Hit. 3
21)5.8
7U). 3
1,160.3
203.7
92.6
370.9
18.0
18.3
5/
V
5/
5/
165.6
167.6
131.3 130. 1)
11*6.2
11)9.6
Louisiana ...........
Uil.7 lltk.2
Maine.......... . . .
112.1
115.8
255.1 252.9
Massachusetts.......
717.1 721.6
Michigan ...........
5/ 1,050.lt
Minnesota...........
205.8
205.6
Mississippi.........
91.9
92.5
Missouri ............
383.3 380.8
l 6.lt
16.8
Montana .............
l 6.k
58.1
52.6
58.9
Nevada .............
3.6
3.6
3.6
ait.6
Mew Hampshire.......
82.3
81.U
Hew Jersey ..........
765.1 76U.1 770.5
New Mexico..........
lluO
13.3
1U.2
New York ............
1,975.8 1,97U.7 1, 960.0
North Carolina ......
2.0
1)17.5 h2h.h kk5.8
North Dakota.........
P
Ohio...............
1, 275.6 1, 289.0
Oklahoma ............
69.7
77.7
77.U
Oregon..............
128.6
135.2
132.U
Pennsylvania........
1,U75.1 1, 1)76.U 1, 516.6
Rhode Island ........
11)5.1 lk7.0 155.3
South Carolina ......
236.3 215.0 222.2
South Dakota ........
11. 1)
11.3
11.3
Tennessee...........
263.0
260.9 266.lt
Texas...............
10.6.0
1)15.0
389.9
Utah................
28.lt
29.5
29.U
Vermont.............
38.1
38.8
38.9
Virginia............
2l)k.k
21)5.1 21(0.8
180.6
179.8
182.7
West Virginia^,.....
13k. 2 139.3
13k.3
ffisconsin ...........
1)51.1 1)53.8 1)56.5
6.2
6.2
5.5
Mining combined with service*
Hot available*
Idaho...............
Illinois ............
Indiana......... ...
Iowa ...............
Kansas..............
32
Public U til.
1952
1951
1 Feb. Mar.
56.7 56.3 53.7
20.7 20.6 20.6
31.3 31.2 32.0
323.1 32lt.lt 31U.2
1)3.7 lt3.7 1)2.6
lt2.2 U2.2 1)1 . 1}
32.0 32.0 31.1
71). 2 73.3 71.1
71.9 71.3 71.7
l 6 .lt 16.7 17.0
5/
5/ 297.3
112.6
5/
5/,
61.3 6T.6 62.5
63.8
63.3 62.7
59.6 59.6 59.2
8lt.8
82.1
83.5
19.1 19.9 18.9
75.6 7lt.O 72.0
121.3 121.lt 127.lt
Trans. and
«.
89.5 90.lt
25.7 26.2
126.lt 127.lt
22.3 22.2
lt2.1 I1I .6
8.6
10.2
HtO.3
17.7
507.1
60.S
8.6
10.2
11)0.8
17.lt
506.0
60.lt
22^9
lt9.1 k9. 5
I16. 8 lt6.6
352.7 351.3
16.U
16.3
28.0 27.5
10.6
10.5
227.2
61.2
228.8
22.1
8.5
81t.li
65.0
52.9
7lt.3
15.5
61.1
228.2
21.6
8.5
61t.7
52.8
7U.3
15.3
83.6
Trade
1952
Mar.
123.5
U7.1)
70.7
816.0
9k. 1
13lt.7
95.1
226.8
182.3
32.6
5/
5/
171.2
121.2
111.6
Ut9.3
k7.2
llt6.lt
353.6
•
88.9
26.1
126.6
22.0
lt2.5
8.5
10.lt
138.2
17.1
509.1
59.2
13.7
y
k f.l
U8.1
31)5.5
16.3
27.5
10.7
60.5
220.9
21. 1)
8.7
80.3
63.7
53.2
77.0
I5.lt
206.6
-
318.3
35.lt
90.2
11.8
27.3
266.9
38.1
1,232.7
180.2
55^7
12lt.5
99.5
670.0
52.0
89.6
3U.6
176.5
550.8
lt3.8
17.1)
181.2
15U.2
86.3
212.5
l 6.lt
Feb.
122.8
1)6.7
69.lt
811.1
9U.2
133.6
95.3
226.3
181.0
32.U
5/
5!
167.9
121.1
115.0
llt9.2
lt7.lt
1U5.9
352.9
1951
Mar.
126.0
UuO
73.5
79lu7
93.8
132.lt
9k.3
230.0
182.2
33.9
681.6
239.0
168.7
118.1
115.7
150.5
W.3
11*6.2
366.1
•
208.9
311.0
35.7
90.8
91.lt
11.6
11.0
27.2
27.9
266.5 271.7
38.2
35.6
1,226.7 1,257.9
180.0
180.3
35.6
55^8
S/
12lw8
125.8
99.2 100.6
670.0
686.3
55.6
52.2
89.0
88.7
35.9
3lt.9
175.lt 172.0
5U8.9 51)3.1
1*3.6
ltk.lt
17.2
17.2
180.3 17k. 8
156.8
152.6
85.lt
87.3
213.1) 215.2
16.0
16.5
207.3
319.3
35.3
State Data
Table 8: Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments by Industry Division,
by State - Continued
(In thousands)
State
Colorado........ ....... ..
District of Columbia .......
Idaho.....................
Illinois.................
Massachusetts . ............
Finance
19*2
Mar- 1 Feb.
19*5
6.3
7.9
162.8
15.0
38.3
19.1
6.3
7.8
160.9
15.1
38.1
18.2
5.7
8.0
158.5
i4.o
37.0
23.1
32.0
2W t
23.1
32.0
28,1
22.3
3U4
26.3
3.6
3.6
V
V
3.7
144.4
34.5
23.7
3 L ,
18*1
14.8
22.0
6.7
32.0
SluO
A
47.2
58.4
69.5
23.4
7l».3
189.5
14.3
330.6
89.8
64.7
lt6.5
58.2
69.2
23.7
73.lt
189.1
26.5
336.2
11*2.6
101.1
81.8
88.1
102.5.
44.1
106.0
232.3
26.3
334.1
11*1.6
100.5
8l.lt
87.5
101.8
43.9
105.8
230.8
137.4
99.2
79.9
8U.8
99.lt
39.8
100.3
215.7
235.8
120.8
67.9
147.7
26.3
63.lt
11.8
20,2
188.4
37.2
23U.3
120.0
67.5
146.7
28.1
227.3
118.3
66.4
143.2
27.7
3/
97.7
m
142.9
18.8
37.8
11.6
16.3
16U.1
22.2
«.
97.8
142.7
18.5
37.5
11.4
16.4
162.6
21.9
96.3
»
136.9
18.6
38.1
11.7
16.5
162.7
21.9
776.9
86.2
y
772.5
85.9
y
761.0
84.6
13.3
699.8
119.7
29.8
320.6
54.2
47.1
350.3
23.8
36.9
16.5
53.8
1»6.5
346.0
23.1
36.7
16.5
51.7
47.1
346.0
24.8
36.6
15.2
106.8
75.2
236.1
19.8
11.3
74.9
79.9
ltl.5
92.4
9.8
75.1
235.3
19.6
11.1
75.2
78.4
41.7
92.1
9.7
75.2
235.3
19.2
11.1
73.8
77.4
40.2
91.8
8.2
& 2
18.8
15.3
123.5
11.1
10.1
4.2
&
18.7
15.1
116.7
11.1
10.0
Ju2
24.1
86.lt
6.?
3.0
28.1i
26.3
9.1»
33.9
2.0
2lu0
85.0
6.5
3.0
28.6
26.3
9.1*
33.8
1.9
looming..... .............
116.7
37.5
54.1
613.8
75.U
66.7
10.9
272.9
123.4
136.1
.
36.5
7.1*
53.1
ti.0
16.2
1.2
b.5
57.8
5.0
Ohio.....................
Texas ....................
Utah.....................
Vermont ..............
Virginia.................
14.5
60.3
118.3
76.1
117.1
37.6
54.4
617.7
75.8
67.3
10.9
272.8
121*.2
137.1
_
37.3
7.6
1*00.9
23.8
South Carolina ...........
14.6
5/
52.6
2lu8
35.7
434.7
1)4.3
77.1
15.4
20.0
6.6
29.5
80.6
1*03.6
23.8
Oregon....... . ..........
53.9
28.3
36.1
1*54.6
47.6
78.7
_
58.9
117.3
81.0
Government
1951
19*2
Mar. 1 Feb.
Mar.
S .,
47.6
58.8
69.1*
23.6
75.0
190.5
New York.................
North Carolina......... . .
Montana..................
Nebraska.. ...............
Nevada ...................
New Hampshire.............
New Jersey..... ..........
New Mexico......... ......
55.0
28.7
36.5
455.5
47.7
78.9
•
58.5
116.6
81.2
1951
Mar-
16.0
4.2
16.3
1.2
U.7
57.8
k.4
Mississippi..............
Serrice
1<K2
Mar. 1 Feb.
17.9
14.6
21.8
6.7
31.5
8b.6
_
37.4
7.6
5U.5
4.2
16.3
1.3
4.7
58.7
U.3
Michigan.................
19*51
Mar.
5 k .k
397.0
22.1
k.l
5/
l8.lt
15.0
117.1
10.8
9.9
3.9
24.1
79.2
6.3
2.9
26.3
26.2
9.5
32.4
1.8
62.8
109.5
35.4
53.2
581.9
67.8
65.2
10.7
261t.6.
118.0
130.3
25.1
320.0
61.1
11.7
20.0
187.1
37.0
11.6
19.7
180.3
35.lt
66.7
380,7
34.0
71.8
35.6
69lu8
119.0
29.6
318.8
106.5
66.3
378.9
33.7
71.5
35.lt
667.7
117.4
29.2
305.3
101.3
6t.5
357.4
32J.
68.3
34.6
117.3
315.6
57.5
1S.5
158.9
345.2
57.4
124.5
16.2
116.5
314.2
57.lt
15.4
158.4
1*5.2
57.1
123.7
15.2
116.5
299.5
52.6
15.1
149.8
139.2
56.6
121.3
15.9
See Kzplanatery Notea and Glossary for d e fin itio n s*
33
Area Data
Table 9:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas
(In thousands)
Number of Employees
Area
1951
Jbe*
ALABAMA
Birmingham
Mining........ .......
Manufacturing...........* .••
Mobile
Manufacturing.
ARIZONA
Mar*
60*8
15.9
60*9
16*5
57.6
17.1
16.8
16.7
15.8
Phoenix
T otal...•••••* •••............
89.5 88.9 83.4
M in in g .............. .......... ..
.2
•2
*2
Contract Construction...
7.8
7.7
8*5
Manufacturing.................. ..
14.0 13.7 10.4
Trans, and Pub. U til....
9.6
9.7
9.7
Trade**..............................
25.3 25.1 23.9
Finance...............................
3-9
4.3
4.3
Serrice*•••.••••••••••••
12*6 12.4
11.6
Government. * ••••» •••••..
15.8 15.7
15.2
Tucson
Total........................ .
41.4 41.1 36.7
Mining*.................................
1.6
1.6
1.6
Contract Construetion...
3.3
3.3
3.3
2*0
Manufacturing............... ..
3.1* 3.2
Trans, and Pub. U til...*
5-3
5.4
5.1
8*6
Trade...................................
9.3
9.1
F inance.......................
1.2
1*0
1.2
Service................................
10*2 10.3
8*7
Government. ..................... .
7.0
7.1
6*4
ARKANSAS
L ittle Rockm W H ock
65.0 64.3
T o ta l; :....; :: ..................
65.6
Contract Construction*..
5.2
5.9
5.3
Manufacturing.................
12*4 12.3 12*5
Trans, and Pub. U til....
6*9
6.9
6*9
Trade.........••••••...............
17.0 16*5 17.6
Finance•••••••••••••••••
3.6
3.6
3.5
Service l / . . . •••••••••••
8*8
8.7
8*7
Government.............. •••••
11*2 11.2 10*7
CALIFORNIA
Los Angeles 2 /
1649.0 I6i£.7 1589.8
"foga:: ~;.*.......
Mining*.••* •••••* ••.* .••
15.5 15.7 15.5
Contract Construction...
90.3 95.7 112*6
Manufactur ing ***. *........ * 555.0 550.0 497.1
Trans* and Pub. U til...* U9.7 120*0 114.2
Trade*................
366*6 366*4 367.3
Finance***..... *.....
76.1 75.9
76*2
S e r v i c e . . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. 228*5 230*1 218*6
G overnm ent................... 197.3 194.9 188.3
34
Number of Employees
Area
Sacramento
Manufacturing.
San Diego
Manufacturing*
San Francisco-Oakland
Manufacturing*. . . . . . .
San Jose
Manufacturing.
Stockton
Manufacturing.
COLORADO
Denver
Mining*•*••••......
Contract Construction
Manufacturing.....
Trans, and Pub. U til
Trade*••*«.•••••••»•
Finance.•• ••••••••..
CONNECTICUT
Bridgeport
to ta l.** ..* ••••••••••••
Contract Construction ]
Manufacturing. *............ .
Trans, and Pub. U til*..
Trade*.***........... ..
F in an ce* .......................
Service*............ *•*•••••
Government*...•••> •••••
Hartford
T o ta l...
Contract Construction 1 /
Manufacturing................ 7*
Trans, and Pub. Util****
Trade******................ ..
F in a n c e ........................
Service...............................
Government*.................... ...
New B ritain
"7Kvsr:.;::.
Contract Construction 1 /
Manof acturing* *••••••*••
Trans* and Pub* Util****
Trade............ *........... .
Finance* **••••................ *
Service.................. *...........
Government***••••••••»•*
J95&
Mar.
Feb*
J35L.
Mar*
8*2
8*3
8*0
1|8*0
1^*7
38*0
174.6 173.4
174*0
21*6
20*6
19.1
11*0
11.2
9.4
1*0
18.1
43.1
25.9
58*4
10.4
1.0
19.5
40.4
25.0
56.8
117*4 117.0
5.0
4.9
69.3 69.1
5.2
5.2
18.7 18.5
2.1
2.1
9.8
9.7
7.5
7.4
112*3
4.7
65.7
5.0
17.2
2.2
9.4
7.3
196.9 195.6
8*6
8*4
83.3 82.7
7.4
7.4
37.8 37.4
24.0 24.0
19.7 19.7
16*1 36.1
184.2
8.1
41.0
.9
28*6
1.5
4.8
.5
2*5
40.9
.9
28*5
1.4
4.8
.5
2*4
2*4
17.8
43.3
25.9
58.2
10.4
41.1
.9
28*5
1.7
4.8
.5
2.5
2*2
2.2
1.0
9.7
74.1
7.0
36.8
23.4
19.1
15.7
Area Data
Table 9:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(In thousands)
Number of Employees
Area
CONNECTICUT - Continued
New Haven
Total.*** *.................. ..
Contract Construction 1/
Manufacturing...............*7*
Trans, and Pub* Util**.*
Trade*.............................. *
Finance* *.............. .
Service................................
Government.**••................
Stanford
Total*.« ...* • •• « ••....* .
Contract Construction 1f
Manufacturing.............. .
Trans, and Pub* U til**.*
Trade................. .
Finance..**........................
Service................ .
Government..........................
Waterbury
T o S r n r ..............................
Contract Construction 1/
Manufacturing....................
Trans* and Pub* Util.***
Trade *••••*•••.......... .
Finance........ *......... ...........
S ervice............ ...............
Government* **.*••••........
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Washington
T5isfr;;:................
Contract Construction* . *
Manufacturing. ..* ...........
Trans, and pub. U til....
T rade*..**....**..............
F in a n c e ....................
Service 1 / .............. ..
Government. .............. **..*
FLORIDA
Jacksonville
Manufacturing... *............
Trans, and Pub. U til..* .
Trade.••••••••••* ••••••.
Finance................................
Service l / m.................... .
Government. •*.*••...........*
Manufacturing•••••••*•••
Trans, and Pub* Util****
1952..
.jreo.
Mar. -
113.7
5.2
*45.1
12.8
20.8
5.0
17.6
7.2
113.9
5.3
1*5.3
12.8
20*9
5.0
17.7
7.1
112.3
5.4
44.1
12.8
20*5
4.9
17.3
7.3
47.1
3.4
22.0
2.5
8.5
1.4
6.0
3.2
1*6*9
3.3
21*9
2*5
8*5
1.4
6*1
3.2
1414.6
2*7
21*1
2.1*
8*1
1.3
5.7
3.3
68.2
2*1
44*7
2*7
8.8
1.1
4.3
4.6
68*1
2*1
44.7
2.8
0.7
1.0
4.2
4.6
66*5
1.9
44.4
2.5
8.6
1.0
4.o
4.2
618.1
39.2
26*2
1*3.7
122.3
30.4
73.8
282.5
617.1
37.5
26.2
43.8
122.4
30.4
7l*.2
282.6
607.1
40.3
24.4
42.2
121.4
28.9
75.6
274.3
18.1
15.1
31.6
6*0
11.8
14.6
17.8
15.1
31.3
5.9
11.8
14.7
17.7
15.3
30.7
5.9
11*6
14.1
18*0
24.8
18.0
24.9
Number of Employees
1951.
16*0
21*9
Area
Miami - Continued
Trade*.......... ••*.« •••.........
Finance*•••••* ••................
Service 1 /.................* .....
Government.* •••••••••••••
Taapa-St. Petersburg
...
Contract Construction..*.
Manufacturing.•*...*•«•«.
Trans* and Pub* U til.........
T rade...*.............................
Finance.......... ......................
Service l / .................. ••**•
Government................. ..
195]..
-125
JL3£*.
MftE*.
56.0
0.7
37.6
17.0
55.7
0.8
30.2
17.0
54.0
8*2
37.3
16*8
115.6
11.0
21.9
11.1
37.2
4.4
16.8
13.3
115.6
11.1
21*8
11.0
37.2
4.4
16.9
13.4
115.8
11*9
22*5
10.7
37.0
4.4
16.5
12.9
274.4
15.5
71.9
31.5
74.5
17.6
31.9
31.5
273.4
15.6
72.1
31.1
73.9
17.6
31.0
31.3
269.0
18.4
63.9
31.0
75.0
16.2
32.7
31.0
47.9
3.6
14.7
7.3
10.9
1.6
5.1
4.7
47.7
3.7
14.7
7.2
10.6
1.6
5.2
4.7
45.1
2.2
14.2
7.3
10.1
1.4
5.1
4.8
IDAHO
Boise
Total.. *........ *.....
Contract Construction....
Manufacturing..........
Trans, and Pub. Util*...*
Trade *•»•••♦•*.........
Finance................
Service....*••••••••••••
Government........... . *
18.6
1.4
1.5
2.5
5*8
1.1
3.0
3.5
18.6
1.4
1.5
2.5
5.7
1.1
3.0
3.5
3/
2*0
1.4
2.5
6*1
1.2
2.8
y
ILLINOIS
Davenport-Rock IslandMoline
Manufacturing*.......
1*3.5
1*3.5
1*3.3
GEORGIA
Atlanta
T otal................... .
Contract Construction* ***
Manufacturing*...................
Trans, and Pub. Util****.
Trade. ........................ ...........
Finance. *..............................
Service l/* .* * **•••*»••••
Government*•••••* ••••••••
Savannah
“TotaT.7.. ***.................. .
Contract Construction.***
Manufacturing..............
Trans* and Pub* Util.***.
Trade. ..........................••*••
Finance..................................
Service l/« * ........................
Government ..* • ••.............. *
35
Area Data
Table 9: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(in thousands)
Number of Bnployees
Area
1952
Mar. 1 Feb.
Mar.
TTJ.THOTS - Continued
Peoria
Manufacturing*****.....
1|8.9
49.0
48.0
Rockford
Manufactoring••*••••••••
1*0.9
1)0*0
1|0*7
INDIAKA
Evansville
Total...................
Manufacturing**•••••••••
Momanufacturing. ......
Port Wfcyne
TotalT. .*.............
Manufacturing..........
Noiuuusufactur ing. .......
Indianapolis
Total* **7~...........
Contract Construction.**
Manufacturing* *•••••••••
Trans * and Pub* tftll*...
Trade*.......
Finance...*.*.•........
Other Monoanufacturing.*
IOWA
Des Moines
Manufacturing..........
Area
1951
Humber of Bnployees
1952
1951
Mar. 1 Feb*
Mar.
LOUISim
Mew Orleans
63.5
33.4
30.1
63.4
33.1
79.6
79.4
i|2*0
37.4
78*7
42*5
36*2
142*0
37.7
268*7
9.4
112.2
26*2
59.3
14.0
47.6
269.2
9.2
112.9
26*4
59.2
lluO
47.4
30*2
269.9
13.0
112*6
25.4
60*4
13.4
45.1
47.9
48.6
47.1
2.7
11.9
5.8
13.2
2.9
7.2
3.4
47.6
2*9
12*0
5.8
13.4
2.9
7.2
3.4
1|6.5
2.2
11.7
5.6
13.5
2*8
7.3
3.4
528*7
.4
35.6
196*5
57.1
102.6
24.8
54.3
57.4
524.0
.4
35.5
195.1
55.6
101.7
24.5
54.1
57.1
511*5
.4
36.0
187.3
54.0
102.5
22.8
53.5
55.0
3Q4.3
306.0
304.2
28.1
27.9
32.2
32.6
32*7
36.7
75.9
76*3
77.3
54.4
54.5
55.6
604.7
692*3
39.6
1.7
10.3
6.3
10*5
40*6
2.2
11.4
6.2
10.1
MAIMB
Portland
Contract Construction* *.*
65.4
35.4
30*1
45.9
MMttUKD
Baltimore
Contract Construction****
Manufacturing*..........
MASSACHUSETTS
Boston
21*6
21*7
20.9
Fall River
KASSAS
Topeka
...........
Mining.••.*..••••••...**
Contract Construction*•.
Manufacturing *.........
Trans, aad Pub. Util....
Trade.*...............
Finance*.......*••..•••
Service*••••••••*.....
Qoveranent•••••••••*••••
1*2.1
.2
2*2
5.4
7.8
9.0
2*0
4.6
11.0
1*2.1
.2
2*3
5.3
7.8
9.1
1.9
4.7
11*0
41.3
.2
2.3
6*7
7.4
8*6
1.9
4.4
10*0
Mining....... *.......
Contract Construction*••
Manufacturing......
Tran, and Pub. Util*.*.
Trade.•••*•••.*•••••••••
Finance****•••••••••••••
Service.**...*••••••*•••
Qovernnent. •••••••••••*•
36
Springfield-Holyoke
Worcester
MICHIGAN
Detroit
Wichita
TSEcrr.. ........
New Bedford
112 *6
1.9
5.3
53.7
7.0
23.0
3.9
10.3
7.6
112.5
1.9
5.4
53.6
7.1
23.0
3.9
10.2
7.6
97.8
1.9
5.0
41.1
6.7
22.6
3.6
9.8
7.2
y
MDOBSOTA
Duluth
Contract Construction....
Manufacturing.....*••••*
39.2
1.6
9.9
6.5
10.5
Area Data
Table 9:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas
(In thousands)
Number of Bnplovees
1952
Mar. I Feb.
Area
MINNESOTA - Continued
Duluth - Continued
“HnSHce ...•.« •* ••••« .* .
Minneapolis
Total
Contract Construetion..
Manufacturing.*••••••*•
Trans* and Pub* U til..*
St* Paul
Total..................................
Contract Construction**
Manufacturing.*••••••••
Trans* and Pub* U til.*.
Finance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MISSISSIPPI
Jackson
ng t *,,,«**,*
MISSOURI
Kansas City
Contract Construction.*
Manufacturing........
Trans* and Pub. U til**•
Government•*«•»•«••••*.
St* Louis
MONTANA
Great Falls
Trans, and Pub. F til ...
Trade***••««.**«••«*•••
1 . 1*
5.1*
3.9
1 . 1*
5.5
3.9
25U.8 255.8
12.3 12.6
734* 72.6
26*2
25.6
7l*.3 7U.8
17.1 17.1
28.9 29.0
23.3 23.5
up ,1
6.0
1*0.0
20f7
3U.2
8*7
15.3
16*3
8.1
1951
Mar.
NEBRASKA
Total*. *........ ............ ••••
1 . 1*
5.2
Contract Construction...
Manufacturing....................
l*.l
Trans* and Pub* Util.***
256.6
H*. 3
72.0
25.7
75.6 NEVADA
16.6
Reno
Contract Construction***
28.7
Manufacturing l/.«.....
23.7
Trans* and PubT U til.*.*
i),i ,n
11*3.8
6.0
6.9
liO.O k 1.8
20.7 20*3 NEW HAMPSHIRE
3U.2 35.1* Manchester
8.6
8. 1*
Contract Construction. . .
15.3 11**8
Manufacturing*.*•••**•••
16.3 16.3
Trans* and pub* U til.* ..
7.8
8.9
351.8 355.1* 339.9
.8
.8
.8
16*9 18.1* 21.3
105.6 106. 1*
9l*.l*
1*3.2 1*3.1* 1*2. 1*
96.7 97.8 95.2
19.7 19.8 19.3
38.9 38.8 37.5
30.0
30.0
29.0
276.0
27i*.8
277.1*
2.8
2 . 1*
5.5
3.1
Number of Employees
Area
2.7
2. 1*
5.5
3.1
2.8
2. 1*
5.6
3.1
Government* «*.*•*.**••••
NEW JERSEY
Newark-Jersey City 5/
Paterson
5/
Perth Amboy 5/
Manufacturing* *•••....«•
Trenton
Manufacturing. ..*.*..**.
1952
Mar. 1 Feb.
137*7
6.3
32.2
22.9
35.1*
10.0
16.9
ll*.l
1.7
1.7
2.8
5.0
.6
U.5
1*0.1
1.2
21.0
2.3
7.2
1.7
137.5
6. 1*
31.7
35.7
22.8
10.1
17.0
ll *.0
1951
Mar.
135.1*
5.6
30*8
22*7
36.3
9.9
16*7
13.6
1.6
1.5
2.9
1+.9
.6
l*.l*
1.7
2.7
!*.9
.6
l*.l*
1*0.0
1*1 . 1*
1.3
20.8
2.3
7.1
1.7
k .2
1*6
1.5
2*3
7.2
22*2
2.6
1.6
1+.1
2*6
360.2
369.1
165.9 167.1
157.6
1*.2
2.6
361.1*
75.7
75.1*
78*1
1|2.8
1*3.2
1*6.1
Albuquerque
Contract Construction*. .
Manufacturing* *•••••••*•
Trans, and Pub. U til....
1*7.0
1*»8
7.6
1*.9
1*7.0
1*6.3
6*0
6*1*
Service l/..* ..* * •• •..• •
6.3
9.1
NEW MEXICO
12*1
2.2
5.0
7*1*
1*.9
12.0
2 . 1*
6.3
9.0
1*«6
11.8
2.7
6.2
8.6
37
Area Data
Table 9:
Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(In thousands)
Number of Employees
.1952-
Area
-Mar*
Albany-3 chone ctady~Tr oy
Manufacturing* . . . . . . • . •
88.2
Binghamton
Manufacturing. *••••••••
39.5
Buffalo
Manufacturing* *••••••••
205.7
Nassau and
Suffolk“Counties 3/
Manufacturing •.•..... .
Mew York-Northeastern
Hew Jersey
Manufacturing• . . . . . . .
New York City
5/
Contract Construction....
Manufacturing...... ....
Rochester
16.3
78.8
1776.9
3597.8
1*6
90.8
1036.4
339.8
825.0
336.4
556.4
411.4
Q8.5
1*0.0
84.2
38*14.
205,7 200*14.
16.3
76.9
16.4
60.8
1771.1 1771.7
3583.5 3615.8
1.6
1.7
91.6 114.5
1033.1 1046.7
339.3 339.4
821.3 843.9
334.1 332.3
554.0 5146.9
408.5 390.3
106.4 106.8 106.5
60.0
60.0
59.8
Utica-Roae
44.0
44.0
44.6
1*8.2
47.9
49.0
NORTH CAROLINA
Charlotte
Contract Construction...,
Manufacturing.
Trans, and Pub. Util....,
Trade.*....••••••••«•••<
Finance.............
38
NORTH DAKOTA
Fargo
Manufacturing..........
Trans. and Pub. Util...
Trade...... .........
Finance............. .
Service........... .
Government.••••••••••••
.1951,
Mar.
2.1
2.2
7.0
1*1
2.5
2.6
2.1
2.3
6.9
1.1
2*6
2.6
1.9
2.2
7.0
1.1
2.7
2.6
133.2
5.9
10.5
15.2
11*7
35.2
6.7
15.0
33.1
132.7
5.9
10.3
15.4
11.5
35.1
6*6
14.9
33.2
129.6
6*1
11.3
14.4
10.9
35.6
7.1
14.5
29.8
9.1
6.2
24.5
12.2
26.0
4.6
12.1
5.7
100.6
9.2
6.2
24.4
12*2
26.0
4.7
12.2
5.7
96.3
10.0
6.9
20*0
11.5
25.6
4.5
12.3
5.6
12.7
59.9
30.2
57.9
12.6
59.0
30.1
57.5
12.7
58.1
30.6
58.6
Manufacturing*....-
102.3
103.0
104.4
Erie
Manufacturing.•••••«
1*7.2
1*7.2
1*9.3
Harrisburg
Manufacturing. •....«
34.9
35.2
33.8
Lancaster
Manufacturing.••••*.
1*2.6
1*1.9
1*3.9
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City
_W a I 7 . “. . . . : ................
Mining.•••«.•••••••••••
Contract Construction.•
Manufacturing.........
Trans, and Pub. Util...
Trade*. ••••••••••.....
Finance. ........ .
Service.......... .
Government...........
Tulsa
Total................
Mining...............
Contract Construction..
Manufacturing...•••••••
Trans, and Pub. Util...
Trade...............
Finance..............
Service...... ..... .
Government....••••••••
100.4
OREGON
Syracuse
Westchester County 5/
Manufacturing.. .. .7 . .
JL25a..
Feb*
Mar.
NSW YORK
Elmira
Manufacturing.
Number of Employees
Area
1951
13.3
21.6
10.9
23.2
4.6
13.5
21.6
11.1
23.5
4.6
9.7
22.8
10*4
22.7
4.3
Portland
Contract Construction..
Manufacturing........
Trans, and Pub. Util...
Trade ••••••..........
PENNSYLVANIA
Alle ntown-Bethlehem-
Easton
Area Data
Table 9:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(in thousands)
Area
PENNSYLVANIA - Continued
Philadelphia
Manufacturing................
Pittsburgh
Mining. 77. .............. .
Manufacturing#. . . . . . . .
Trans, and Pub. U til..
Finance...........................
Reading
Manufacturing•••••••••
Scranton
Manufactur ing.............. .
Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Manufacturing.••••••••
Number of Employees
1951
1952
_Mar3
Feb
Mar.
581.6
582.9
594.6
31.5
371.4
75.1
2^.9
31.9
370.8
74.5
26.9
34.0
369.6
75.1
26.6
52.0
52.5
57.9
28.6
28.5
30.9
38.7
38.5
39.4
44.8
1*4.0
46.2
285.2
13.6
11*8.2
13.5
48.3
10.6
21.3
29.7
285.5
12.8
150.2
13.6
48..5
10.6
20.4
29.4
295.9
13.1
157.3
13.7
51.3
10.3
22.3
27.9
York
Manufacturing*••••••••
RHODE ISLAND
Providence
"*otfl7.77........................
Contract Construction.
Manufacturing...............
Trans, and Pub. U til..
Trade................................
Finance...........................
Service 1 /.............•••••
Government.................
SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston
Manufacturing.................
Trans, and Pub. Util*.
Columbia
Manufacturing.....• • • •
Greenville
Manufacturing.. . . . . . . .
SOUTH DAKOTA
Sioux Falls 2/
Manufacturing.• . . . . . . .
TENNESSEE
Chattanooga
Mining.777.....................
Manufacturing................
Trans, and Pub. U til..
Trade.•••••••••••••••.
Area
9.5
4.5
9.2
4.1
9.9
4.9
7.9
7.9
8.2
28.1*
28.0
28.8
5.2
5.3
5.2
.2
lj2.0
4.8
16.4
.2
41.7
4.8
16.1
.2
43.1
4.7
17.9
Number of Employees
1952
1951.
Feb.
Mar.
Mar
Chattanooga - Continued
Finance....... .......
Service..............
Government........ .
2.9
9.5
7.8
2.9
9.5
7.8
2.8
9.6
7.8
Knoxville
M ining .7 ................ .
Manufacturing.........
Trans, and Pub. Util..,
Trade...............
Finance•••••••••••...
Service.............
Government...........
2.6
41.7
7.2
20.6
3.5
9.6
12.9
2
41.3
7.1
20.3
3.5
9.5
12.8
2.9
41.5
7.2
21.5
3.7
9.2
12.7
M ining...........................
Manufacturing........ .
Trans, and Pub. Util...
Trade...............
Finance*............ .
Service............. .
Government.......... .
.3
40.8
15.6
47.9
7.9
22.4
20.7
.3
41.0
15.6
47.3
7.9
22.3
20.8
.3
41.4
15.6
47.7
7.4
22.5
18.4
Nashville
Manufacturing..........
Trans, and Pub. Util..<
Trade...............,
Finance..............
Service...... .
Government............
33.0
11.8
23.6
6.2
13.7
13.5
32.9
11.7
23.4
6.2
13.7
13.5
35.5
11.5
24.1
6.0
14.0
13.1
6.2
5.1
14.5
7.3
26.8
4.9
12.9
6.2
5.3
14.5
7.2
26.6
4.9
12.9
6.0
7.4
14.4
7.0
27.4
4.8
12.3
15.6
5.4
l.l
4.2
2.0
2.8
15.6
5.5
1.1
4.2
2.0
2.9
14.1
4.2
1.1
4.1
2.0
2.7
265.4
12.2
263.9
11.9
258.2
12.1
Memphis
UTAH
Salt Lake City 2/
Mining..........TV• . ..........
Contract Construction...
Manufacturing....................
Trans, and Pub. U til. 6/
Trade....................................
Finance................................
Service................................
VERMONT
Burlington
T otal..............................
Manufacturing...............
Trans, and Pub. U til..
Trade.•••••••••••••••.
Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Nonmanufacturing
WASHINGTON
Seattle
Total.
Contract Construction...
39
Area Data
Table 9:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas
(In thousands)
Number of Bnployees
Area
_1S5£-
JfeSL
WASHINGTON - Continued
Seattle - Continued
Manufacturing......... .
Trans* and Pub. Util.....
Trade..................
Finance......... .......
Service l/.............
Government.............
Spokane
TotalT. ••••..•••
Contract Construction....
Manuf acturing............
Trans, and Pub. Util.....
Trade*.....•••••••••••...
Finance........•••••••••
Serrice l/**«.........
Government.
Tacoma
Total
Contract Construction...•
Manufacturing,
&*...........
Trans, and Pub* Util,
73.3
27.6
66*9
14.7
33.0
37.7
64.8
3.3
13.3
10*7
17.9
2.7
9.2
7.7
67.2
3.3
16*6
6.4
fAbi
73.0
27.4
66*6
14.8
32.2
38.0
64.7
3.0
13.2
10*8
18*1
2.7
9.2
7.7
67.1
3.1
16*5
6*5
J35169.4
27.0
65.9
14.6
33.0
36*2
64.7
4.0
12.9
10.4
17.9
2*9
9.3
7.4
70.3
3.9
17.9
6*5
Number of Employees
Area
Tacoma - Continued
Trade*...........••••••
Finance.............. .
Service l/..........
Government.......... .
WEST VIRGINIA
Charleston
T o ta l................. ...........
Mining*.••••••••••••••••
Contract Construction..*
Manufacturing....... ..
Trans, and Pub. Util....
Trade............................. .
Finance........... .
Uo
2.5
6*7
17.3
95.1
20*7
3.3
27.4
9.1
14.4
2.5
6*6
17.5
94.9
20*8
-1251.
Mar.
14.6
2*4
6*7
18*3
97.6
22.2
4.0
16*0
2*8
Government....•••••••••
2.9
7.0
8.9
7.0
8.9
8*6
WISCONSIN
Milwaukee
Manufacturing..... •••••
193.0
196.2
195.3
Racine
Manufacturing*••.*••••••
24.7
24.5
24.8
Service.......... ..
l/ Includes mining*
Revised series; not strictly comparable with previously published data.
3/ Not available.
Includes mining and finance.
t/ Subarea of New York-Northeastern New Jersey.
5/ Excludes interstate railroads.
I
14.4
Feb.
3.3
27.3
9*1
15.9
See Explanatory Notes and OOLossary for definitions*
2/
1952
Mar*
27.9
9.0
16.4
2.7
Women in Industry
Table 10: Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of Total Employment
in Manufacturing Industries
December 1951
Industry group and industry
IJ.a f U V A «|
numoer
Per
cent
(thousands)
September 1951
1J «. H| lh A »
numoer
Per
cent
(thousands)
December 1950
Number
Per
cent
(thousands)
4,130.U
26
*,205.0
26
*,120.8
26
1 ,566.7
2,563.7
17
37
1,537.6
2 ,667.*
17
37
1,*86.6
2,63*.2
17
37
18.*
28
13.8
25
6.1
20
P R O D U C T S .............
365.8
2k
*76*7
28
376.7
25
Meat p ro d u c ts ...................... . . . . . . . .
D a iry p ro d u c ts ......................................
Canning and p r e s e r v in g . ...................
G r a in - m ill p r o d u c t s . . . . ...........« . . .
Bakery p r o d u c t s .• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .
S u g a r.• • • • • • • » • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • <
C o n fe ctio n e ry and re la t e d
p r o d u c t s .• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ...
Beverages. • • • • • • • • • • • • • ................ .
M isce lla n e o u s food p r o d u c t s .. . . . . .
67*6
28.5
58.0
21.1
71.2
3.6
22
21
16
65.*
31.1
170.5
21.6
72.5
3.1
6*.3
29.1
70.1
19.9
70.9
3.9
20
21
*2
16
25
9
22
21
*8
16
26
10
56.6
55.1
21.2
36.2
5*
59.0
22.9
36.1
55
11
27
9
26
22.9
36.6
56
11
27
M A N U F A C T U R E S ...................
56.1
61
58.1
61
5*.*
61
C ig a r e t t e s . ....................................«••
C ig a r s . • • • • • .........................................
Tobacco and s n u f f .........................
Tobacco stemming and r e d r y in g . . . .
12.2
32.8
5.1
6.0
*5
78
*3
53
11.8
32.1
5.3
8.9
*5
78
**
53
11.5
32.7
5.5
*.7
**
77
*6
*9
P R O D U C T S ..................
532.1
*3
529.1
*3
585.9
*3
Yarn and thread m i l l s .................
Broad-woven f a b r ic m i l l s . . . . • • • • •
K n it t in g m i l l s .....................................
Dyeing and f in is h in g t e x t i l e s . . . .
C arp e ts, ru g s, o th er f lo o r
c o v e r in g s ............................................
Other t e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s .. . . . .
7*-3
227.7
152.5
20.0
*6
39
66
23
75.6
230.2
1*8.3
19.2
*6
*0
66
23
80.2
252.9
166.9
21.7
*7
*0
66
23
12.1
*5-5
2*
36
11.2
**.6
23
35
15.5
*8.7
25
36
P R O D U C T S ...................................
878.*
76
872.5
76
892.5
75
Men's and boys' s u it s and c o a t s ..
Men's and boys' fu rn is h in g s and
work c lo t h in g . • • • • • • .............•••••
Women's outerw ear...............................
Women's, c h ild r e n 's under
garments..................
M i l l i n e r y . ..................................
C h ild r e n 's o u te rw e a r.• • • • • • • • ..• •
Fur goods and m isce lla n e o u s
a p p a re l.........................• • • • • • • .........
Other fa b ric a t e d t e x t il e
p r o d u c t s .• • • • • • • • » • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
8*.l
62
93.9
62
93.8
62
213.8
25*.6
8*
77
216.2
2*2.7
8*
76
226.6
2*8.7
8*
75
88.2
l*.5
5*.6
88
69
85
85.8
1*.8
53.1
88
69
85
93.8
1*.7
55-2
88
69
8*
71.2
72
73.2
72
66.1
72
97.*
65
92.8
65
93.6
6*
M A N U F A C T U R I N G ................................ .
DURABLE
G O O D S .............................. .
HONOURABLE
G O O D S .......................... .
ORDNANCE
AND
FOOD
KINDRED
AND
TOBACCO
A C C E S S O R I E S ...... .
TEXT ILE-MILL
APPAREL
AND
OTHER
FINISHED
ko
25
9
TEXTILE
la
Women in Industry
Table 10: Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of Total Employment
in Manufacturing Industries - Continued
September 1951
December 1951
Industry group and industry
Number
Per
cent
(thousands)
LUMBER
AND
WOOD
PRODUCTS
(EXCEPT
F U R N I T U R E ) ......................................
Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated
Humber
December 1■950
Per
cent
(thousands)
52.3
7
5*.0
1.3
17.*
2
1.5
7
2
8
9.*
13.1
11.0
17
18
9.2
13.3
12.8
16
20
57.9
17
61.6
17
17
*2.6
18
19.0
16
18
119.2
2*
27.6
11
*0.9
19.3
17
18
38.5
19.
P R O D U C T S ..................
111.8
23
11*. 2
23
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills-...
**1.6
*3.*
26.8
11
27.0
11
PAPER
AND
PRINTING,
ALLIED
PUBLISHING,
AND
CHEMICALS
AND
ALLIED
P R O D U C T S ............
Vegetable and animal oils and fats...
Other chemicals and allied
OF
PETROLEUM
AND
C O A L ..........
*0
33
*0
*5.9
*5.7
*0
216.2
28
212.1
28
206.5
27
5*.8
21.3
23.1
55.5
12.5
*9.0
18
53.6
19.5
18
52.3
18.5
21.0
18
139.6
18
7.5
35.1
*5.8
9
15
*2
1*
22.6
5*.*
12.*
*9.6
1*0 .*
7.6
35.*
*5.6
10.6
36
**
27
30
**
18
9
15
*2
1*
5
5*.l
12.3
35
*3
26
29
*8.3
*2
132.3
18
6.0
32.5
*3.0
8
15
10.3
6
1.7
3.0
*2
1*
6
6
1.7
3.*
35.1
21
36.1
21
35.8
22
1*.6
5
5
13.8
13.0
2
.*
5
5
2
.*
5
5
9
2.5
8
2.3
.*
h2
38
*5
27
30
*3
33
3.7
11.8
Other petroleum and coal
7
*2.7
**.5
10.6
1.8
PRODUCTS
32
8
19.8
ALLIED
1N D U S T R I E S ......................................
2
*
19.0
18
F I X T U R E S ......................
7
*
60.2
AND
56.5
1 .*
*
17
19
FURNITURE
Per
cent
(thousands)
8.7
13.5
11 .*
structural wood products........ .
Number
2.*
10.9
10.3
5
5
2
8
Women in Industry
Table 10: Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of Total Employment
in Manufacturing Industries - Continued
December 1951
Industry group and industry
Number
{thousands)
RUBBER
LEATHER
P R O D U C T S ..............................
AND
LEATHER
P R O D U C T S ............
C LAY,
AND
GLASS
P R O D U C T S .......
METAL
I N D U S T R I E S .................
Blast furnaces, steel works, and
Iron and steel foundries...........
Primary smelting and refining of
Rolling, drawing, and alloying of
FABRICATED
ORDNANCE,
METAL
PRODUCTS
MACHINERY,
TRANSPORTATION
(thousands)
27
73.7
27
21.8
15.8
18
20.7
15.7
18
38.1
51
31
20.1
37-6
51
31
1*.3
39.3
17
*9
31
173.9
*8
176.0
*8
183.8
*6
5.1
12
53
52
12
122.5
*8.*
53
6.*
121.9
*6.7
52
130.9
*6.5
52
50
89.8
17
95.6
17
93.8
17
3*.6
2*
3
38.2
1.1
26
37
26
2
10
20.8
37.2
1.0
8.7
12
10
5
9.*
*.9
3
10
36
5
22.0
*.3
36
*
*.8
20.2
18
21.2
18
20.6
18
78.7
6
77.9
6
72.1
6
23.7
12.3
1 .*
*
*
2*.*
*
*
21.7
11.0
3
*
3
1.7
3
11.8
1*.8
12
12
13
10
12.1
1*.0
11.6
13
19
193.0
19
26
l*«3
28
3
13
12.3
1 .*
11.*
1*.2
1*.2
12
1*.7
10
185.0
19
12.*
27
185.3
13.0
*1.8
28
*2.6
28
*7.1
28
19.1
13
19.5
13
21.1
18.3
8
17.0
7
36.2
22
2*
36.9
56.3
22
2*
1*.3
*0.9
55.3
13
7
8
(EXCEPT
AND
E Q U I P M E N T ) . .............
Cutlery, hand tools, and
Heating apparatus (except
electric) and plumbers' supplies...
Fabricated structural metal
Metal stamping, coating, and
Per
cent
7*.5
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster
PRIMARY
(thousands)
Number
28
1.1
8.8
20.3
Other stone, clay, glass products,..
Number
Per
cent
75.2
5.3
STONE,
December 1950
September 1951
Per
cent
57.2
22
2*
h3
Women in Industry
Table 10: Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of Total Employment
in Manufacturing Industries - Continued
December I95I
September 1951
December 1950
Industry group and industry
Number
Percent
(thousands)
HACK
1NERY
(EXCEPT
E L E C T R I C A L ) ..........
Number
Per
cent
(thousands}
Number
Per
cent
(thousands)
235.1
1*
226.1*
1*
204.1
14
13.0
13
12.6
Ik
9.7
12
19.0
10.5
41.3
10
8
13
16.8
10.3
38.1
10
8
13
17.0
9.3
32.7
10
8
13
21.6
33.6
11
IK
21.1+
33.2
11
Ik
19.3
28.7
11
14
30.5
28
30.2
28
26.7
27
26.0
39.6
16
19
24.8
39.0
15
19
26.8
33.9
15
18
362.6
38
351.3
37
361.0
39
108.3
25.9
178.6
29
31
*9
109.5
26.1
I63.I
29
32
*9
100.7
23.8
181.5
29
31
51
*9-8
35
52.6
35
55.0
36
196.7
13
185.9
12
iko .k
10
83.3
102.9
11
19
89.0
87.3
11
18
86.0
*5.9
10
14
4.0
4.8
1.7
3
6
15
k.k
3.5
1.7
3
6
15
2.7
3.7
2.1
3
6
16
109.3
35
106.9
35
98.5
35
12.1
18.9
19.3
*3
30
55
11.8
18.8
18.6
*3
30
5*
11.2
15.8
18.*
*1
29
5*
59.0
31
57.7
32
53.1
32
178.6
39
182.6
39
199.5
40
18.0
30.2
27.1
39
51
18.3
3^.5
26.6
38
1*8
51
23.I
33.9
33.6
40
*5
55
103.3
35
103.2
35
108.9
36
Agricultural machinery and
Construction and Mining machinery...
Special-industry machinery (except
Office and store machines and
Service-industry and household
E L E C T R I C A L M A C H I N E R Y .......................
Electrical generating, transmis
sion, distribution, and indusElectrical equipment for vehicles.••
Electrical appliances, lamps, and
TRANSPORTATION
E Q U I P M E N T ..................
Ship and boat building and
INSTRUMENTS
AND
RELATEO
P R O D U C T S ......
Professional and scientific
MISCELLANEOUS
MANUFACTURING
I N D U S T R I E S , ...................................
Jewelry, silverware, and plated
Costume jewelry, buttons, notions...
Other miscellaneous manufacturing
industries.
U4
k6
Explanatory Notes
Section A.
Purpose and Scope of the BLS Employment Statistics Program -
Employment statistics for nonfarm industries presented in this
monthly Report are part of the broad program of the Bureau of Labor
Statistics to provide timely, comprehensive, accurate and detailed infor
mation for the use of businessmen, government officials, legislators,
labor unions, research workers and the general public. Current employment
statistics furnish a basic indicator of changes in economic activity in
various sectors of the economy and are widely used in following business
developments and in making decisions in fields of marketing, personnel,
plant location and government policy. The BLS employment statistics pro
gram, providing data used in making official indexes of production,
productivity and national income, forms an important part of the Federal
statistical system.
The BLS publishes monthly the national total of employees in
nanagricultural establishments, giving totals by 8 major industrial
groups: manufacturing, mining, contract construction, transportation and
public utilities, trade, finance, service, and government. Series on "all
employees” and "production and related workers" are presented for the du
rable goods and nondurable goods subdivisions of manufacturing, 21 major
industry groups in manufacturing, over 100 separate manufacturing indus
tries; all employees and production workers are presented also for
selected mining industries. "All employees" only are published for over
40 industry groups in contract construction, transportation and public
utilities, trade, finance, service, and government. Statistics on the
number and proportion of women employees in manufacturing industries are
published quarterly. In addition, the Bureau of Labor Statistics pub
lishes monthly employment data by industry division for State and local
areas, compiled by cooperating State agencies.
Current national, state, and area statistics are published
monthly in the Employment and Payrolls Report. Employment data for
thirteen months are presented in the Current Statistics Section of each
issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Historical data are also presented in
the BLS Handbook of Labor Statistics (1950 edition). Summary tables
showing national data for prior months and years may be obtained by
writing to the BLS Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics.
Similar information is available for States and areas. A detailed expla
nation of the technique of preparing employment statistics is presented in
the Monthly Labor Review, January 1950 and in BLS Bulletin No. 993>
Techniques of Preparing Major BLS Statistical Series.
U5
Section B.
Definition of Employment -
BLS employment statistics represent the number of persons
employed in establishments in nonagrieultural industries in the continen
tal United States during a specified payroll period. Employment data for
nongovernmental establishments refer to persons who worked during, or re
ceived pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the
month. Current data for Federal government establishments generally refer
to persons vho worked during, or received pay for, any part of the last
pay period of the previous month; for state and local government, persons
who received pay for any part of the pay period ending on, or immediately
prior tOj the last day of the current month.
Employed persons include those vho are working full- or parttime, on a temporary or permanent basis. Persons on establishment
payrolls vho are on paid sick-leave, paid holiday or paid vacation, or who
work during a part of a specified pay period and are unemployed or on
strike during the other part of the period are considered employed.
Persons on the payroll of more than one establishment during the pay
period are counted each time reported. On the other hand, persons vho are
laid off or are on leave without pay, who are on strike for the entire pay
period, or vho are hired but do not report to work during the pay period
are not considered employed. Since proprietors, self-employed persons,
and unpaid family workers do not have the status of "employee", they are
not covered by BLS reports. Persons working as farm workers or as domes
tic workers in households are not within the scope of data for nonagricultural establishments. Government employment statistics refer to civilian
employees only and hence exclude members of the Armed Forces.
Section C. Method of Preparing Employment Series The BLS prepares monthly employment figures from statistical
reports voluntarily furnished by a group of establishments and from indus
try benchmark data, i.e. a complete count of employees generally compiled
from establishment reports required in the administration of the unemploy
ment insurance and old age and survivors insurance programs. Based on
establishment reports, eaployment statistics are prepared for numerous in
dustry classifications. Monthly employment data for each industry are
collected and prepared from these sources according to the methods out
lined in the following sections.
Section D.
Collection of Establishment Reports -
The BLS, with the cooperation of State agencies, collects
current employment information for most Industries by means of question
naires (BLS 790 Forms) mailed monthly to individual establishments. State
agencies mail most of the forms and when returned, examine them for
U6
Section D.
Collection of Establishment Reports (Continued) -
consistency, accuracy and completeness. States use the information to
prepare State and area series and send the schedules to the BLS Division
of Manpower and Employment Statistics for use In preparing the national
series. Each questionnaire provides space for reporting data for December
of the previous year and each month of the calendar yearj the same form is
returned each month to the reporting establishment to be completed.
Definitions of terms are described in detail in the instructions on each
form. This type of "shuttle" schedule is designed to assist firms to re
port consistently, accurately and with a minimum of cost. An
establishment is defined as a single physical location, such as a factory,
adnej or store where business is conducted. In the case of a company with
several plants or establishments, the BLS endeavors to obtain separate re
ports from each business unit which maintains separate payroll records
since each may be classified In a different industry.
Section. E.
Coverage of Establishment Reports -
The Bureau of Labor Statistics obtains monthly reports from
approximately 150,000 establishments, distributed by industry as shown by
the table below. The table also shows the approximate proportion of total
employment in each industry division covered by the group of establish
ments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual
industries within the divisions may vary frost the proportions shown.
APPROXIMATE SIZE AND COVERAGE OF MONTHLY SAMPLE
USED IN BLS EMPLOYMENT AMD PAY-ROLL STATISTICS
Division or industry
Mining
Contract construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities:
Interstate railroads (ICC)
Other transportation and public
utilities (BLS)
Trade
Finance
Service:
Hotels
Laundries and cleaning and
dyeing plants
Government:
Federal (Civil Service Commission.)
State and local (Bureau of Census quarterly)
Employees
:
Number
Number in :iPercent
:
of
establishments
sample :of total
19,500
1*2,000
502,000
776,000
10,660,000
55
—
1 ,1*06,000
96
13,000
58,500
9,200
i,3to,000
1 ,765,000
^9
1,300
139,000
29
2,200
99,000
19
—
2,336,000
100
—
2,61*5,000
65
3,300
639,000
28
66
18
23
Section F.
Classification of Establishments Reports -
To present meaningful tabulations of employment data,
establishments cure classified into industries an the basis of the princi
pal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume
for a recent year. In the case of an establishment making more than one
product, the entire employment of the plant is included under the industry
indicated by the most important product. The titles and descriptions of
industries presented in the 19*5 Standard Industrial Classification
Manual, Vol. I: (U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Washington, D. C.) are used
for classifying reports from manufacturing establishments; the 19*2
Industrial Classification Code, (U. S. Social Security Board) for reports
from nonmanufacturing establishments.
Section G. Benchmark Data Basic sources of benchmark information are periodic
tabulations of employment data, by industry, compiled by State agencies
from reports of establishments covered under State unemployment insurance
laws. Supplementary tabulations prepared by the U. S. Bureau of Old Age
and Survivors Insurance are used for the group of establishments exempt
from State unemployment insurance laws because of their small size. For
industries not covered by either of the two programs, benchmarks are .com
piled from special, establishment censuses: for example, for interstate
railroads, from establishment data reported to the ICC; for State and
local government, from data reported to the Bureau of the Census; for the
Federal government, from agency data compiled by the Civil Service
Commission. Establishments are classified into the same industrial
groupings for benchmark purposes as they are for monthly reporting.
Because the industry data from unemployment insurance and QASI
tabulations are not sufficiently detailed, the BLS has prepared for se
lected manufacturing industries special benchmarks based an data from the
19*7 Census of Manufactures. Table * shows current data an production
workers in these selected industries, based on Census benchmarks. Since
there are important differences la the methods of preparing the two sets
of benchmark data, monthly statistics derived from them are not strictly
comparable. Hence, totals for industry groups (e.g. broadwoven fabric
mills, iron and steel foundries) derived by adding the figures for the in
dividual component industries shown in Table *, differ from the industry
group totals shown in Table 3> based an benchmarks from social Insurance
programs.
Section H.
Estimating Method -
The estimating procedure for industries for which data on both
all employees and production and related workers are published (i.e.
U8
Section H.
Estimating Method (Continued) -
manufacturing and selected mining industries) is outlined below;
substantially the same method is used for industries for which only fig
ures on either all employees or production workers are published.
The first step is to determine total production-vorker
employment in the industry in the benchmark period since neither of the
social insurance programs furnishes benchmark data for production workers.
The all employee benchmark figure is multiplied by the ratio of the number
of production workers to all employees. The ratio is computed from estab
lishment reports which show data for both items for the benchmark period.
Thus, if 75 firms'report in the benchmark period 25,000 production workers
and an all employee total of 31 >250, the production worker - all employee
ratio would be .80, (25,000 divided by 31 *250)•
the all-employee
benchmark is 50,000, the production-worker total in the benchmark period
would be .80 times 50,000 or 1*0 ,000.
The second step is to compute the total production-worker
employment in the month following the benchmark period. The productionworker total for 1he benchmark period is multiplied by the percent change
over the month in production-worker employment in a group of establish
ments reporting in both months. Thus, if firms in the BU3 sample report
employment of 30,000 production workers in March and 31*200 in April, the
percentage increase would be 4 percent (1,200 divided by 30,000). The
production-worker total in April would be 1CA percent of 1*0,000, the
production-worker total in March, the benchmark month, or lj-1,600.
The third step is to compute the all-employee total for the
industry in the month following the benchmark period. The productionworker total for the month is divided by the ratio of production workers
to all employees. This ratio is computed from establishment reports for
the month showing data for both items. Thus, if these firms in April re
port 2lj.,000 production workers and a total of 29,600 employees, the ratio
of production workers to all employees would be .81 (2^,000 divided by
29,600). The all-employee total in April would be 51*358, (41,600 divided
by .81).
Figures for subsequent months are computed by carrying forward
the totals for the previous month according to the method described above.
When annual benchmark data become available, the ELS employment figures
for the benchmark period are compared with the total count. If differ
ences sure found, the BIS series are adjusted to agree with the benchmark
count.
U9
Section I.
Comparability vith other Employment Estimates -
Data published by other government and private agencies differ
from BLS employment statistics because of differences in definition,
sources of information, and methods of collection, classification and es
timation. BLS monthly figures are not comparable, for example, with the
estimates of the Bureau of the Census Monthly Beport on the Labor Force,
Census data are obtained by personal interviews with individual members of
a sample of households and are designed to provide information on the work
status of the whole population, classified into broad social and economic
groups. Tke BLS, an the other hand, obtains by mail questionnaire data on
employees, based on payroll records of business units and prepares de
tailed statistics on the industrial and geographic distribution of
employment and on hours of work and earnings.
Employment estimates derived by the Bureau of the Census from
its quinquennial census and annual sample surveys of manufacturing estab
lishments also differ from BLS employment statistics. Among the important
reasons for disagreement are differences in industries covered, in the
business units considered parts of an establishment, and in the industrial
classification of establishments.
Section J. Employment Statistics for States and Areas State and area employment statistics are collected and
prepared by State agencies in cooperation with the Bureau of Labor
Statistics. The names and addresses of these agencies are listed on the
last page of the Beport. State agencies use the same basic schedule as
the Bureau of Labor Statistics in collecting employment statistics. State
series are adjusted to benchmark data from State unemployment insurance
agencies and the Bureau of Old Age and Survivors Insurance. Because some
States have more recent benchmarks than others and use slightly varying
methods of computation, the sum of the State figures differs from the of
ficial U0 S. totals prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. State and
area data in greater industry detail and for earlier periods may be se
cured directly upon request to the appropriate State agency or to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
50
Glossary
All Employees
- Includes production and related wo rk ers as def in ed below and
workers en gaged in the following activities:
executivej purchasing, finance,
accounting, legal, personnel (including cafeterias, medical, etc.,), pr ofessional
and technical activities, sales, s a le s - de l i ve ry , advertising, credit collection,
and in installation and servicing of own products, routine office functions,
factory supervision (above the working foreman level).
Al so includes employees
on the e stablishment payroll engaged in n ew construction and major a dditions or
alterations to the plant who are utilized as a separate w orkf orc e (force-account
construction workers).
Contract Construction
— Covers only firms engaged in the construction business on
a contract basis for others.
Force-account construction workers, i.e., h i red
directly by and on the payrolls of Federal, State, and local government, public
utilities, a n d private establishments, are exc lud ed from contract construction
and included in the employment for such establishments.
Durable Goods —
The durable goods suodivision includes the following m ajo r indus
try groups:
ordnance and accessories; lumber and wood products (except furni
ture); furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass products; primary metal
industries; fabricated m etal products (except ordnance, machinery, and trans
portation equipment); m a c hine ry (except electrical); electrical machinery;
transportation equipment; instruments and related products; and mis ce l la n e ou s
m a n u fa c t ur i n g industries.
Finance -
Covers e sta blishments operating in the fields of finance, insurance, and
real estate; excludes the Federal Reserve Banks and the m i x e d - o wn er s hi p banks of
the Farm Credit Adm in i st r a t io n which are included under Government.
GoVGMTtient — Covers Federal, State, and local government establishments perfor mi ng
legislative, executive, and judicial functions, including Government c orp ora
tions, Government force-account construction, and such units as arsenals, navy
yards, hospitals.
F our th-class postmasters are e xcluded from table 2; they are
included, however, in table 7.
State and local government employment excludes,
as nominal employees, Daid volunteer firemen and el ect ed officials of small
local units.
Manufacturing
— Covers only private establishments; Government
m a n u f a c tu ri n g
operations such as arsenals and navy yards are excluded from m an u f ac t u r i n g and
included under Government.
Mining —
Covers establishm ent s engaged in the extraction from the earth of organic
and inorganic m i n eral s which occur in nature as solids, liquids, or gases; in
cludes various contract services required in m i n i n g operations, such as removal
of overburden, tunneling and shafting, and the dr il lin g or a cidizing of oil
wells; also includes ore dressing, beneficiating, and concentration.
51
nondurable Goods —
The n on d ura ble goods su bdi vision includes the following maj o r
industry groups:
food and kin dre d products; tobacco m an ufactures; textile-mill
products; appar el a nd other finished textile products; ^aper and allied products;
printing,, publishing, and allied industries; chemicals and all ie d products;
products of p e tr o le u m an d coal; rubber products; and leather and leather
products.
Payrolls
— Private pa yro ll s represent weekly payrolls of both full- and p art -ti me
pr oduction a nd related w orkers who w o rk e d during., or recei ved pay for, any part
of the pay per i o d e nd in g nearest the i5th of the month, before d ed uct ion for
old-age and u ne mpl oym ent insurance, group insurance, w it h ho l d in g tax, bonds, and
union dues; also, includes pay for sick leave, holidays, and vacations taken.
Excludes cash payments for vacations not taken, retroactive pay not earned d ur in g
pe riod reported, value of payments in kind, and bonuses, unless ea rned a nd paid
regularly each pay period.
Federal civilian payrolls are for the calendar month.
Production and Related Workers -
Includes w or k i n g foremen and all nonsuper vis ory
wo rkers (including lead m en and trainees) e ngaged in fabricating, processing,
assembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing,
shipping, m aintenance, repair, janitorial, w atc hma n services, products d e v e l o p
ment, auxiliary p roduction for plant's own use (e.g., power plant), and r ec or d
k ee pin g and other services closely a s s ocia ted with the above produ cti on
operat i o n s .
Service
— Covers e sta bli shm ent s primarily e n gage d in rende rin g services to indi
viduals and business firms, including automobile repair services.
Excludes
d om es tic service workers.
N ong overnment schools, hospitals, museums, etc., are
included u nde r Service; similar G ove rnment es tab lis hme nts are i ncluded under
Government.
Trade -
Covers e st a bl ish me nts engaged in w ho les ale trade, i.e., selling m e r c h a n
dise to retailers, a nd in retail trade, i.e., selling me rc ha n d is e for personal
or h o us e h ol d consumption, and r ende rin g services incidental to the sales of
goods.
Si milar Govern me nt e sta blishments are included under Government.
Transportation and Public utilitiss
— Covers only private establ ish me nts en g a g ed
in pro vid ing all types of transportation and related services; telephone, tele
graph, and other c omm uni ca tio n services; or pr oviding electricity, gas, steam,
water, or sanitary service.
Similar Government es tablishments are i ncluded .
under G o v e r n m e n t .
52
List of Cooperating State Agencies
ALABAMA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
DISTRICT OF
COLUMBIA
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
IDAHO
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA
OREGON
PENNSYLVANIA
RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VERMONT
VIRGINIA
WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA
WISCONSIN
WYOMING
Department o f I n d u s t r i a l R e l a t i o n s , Montgomery 5 .
Unemployment C o m p e n s a t i o n D i v i s i o n , Employment S e c u r i t y C o mmi s s i o n ,
Employment S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , Depar t ment o f L abor , L i t t l e Rock.
D i v i s i o n o f L a bo r S t a t i s t i c s and R e s e a r c h , Department o f I n d u s t r i a l
San F r a n c i s c o 1 .
U. S. Bureau o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s , Denver 2 .
Employment S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , Depar tment o f L abor, H a r t f o r d 15.
F e der a l R e s e r v e Bank o f P h i l a d e l p h i a , P h i l a d e l p h i a 1 , P e n n s y l v a n i a .
Phoenix.
Relations,
U. S. Employment S e r v i c e f o r D. C- , W a s h i n g t o n 25.
Unemployment C o m p e n s a t i o n D i v i s i o n , I n d u s t r i a l C o mmi s s i on , T a l l a h a s s e e .
Employment S e c u r i t y Agency, Depar tment o f L a bor, A t l a n t a 3 .
Employment S e c u r i t y Agency, B o i s e .
D i v i s i o n o f Pl a c ement and Unemployment C o m p e n s a t i o n , Department o f L a bo r , C h i c a g o 54.
Employment S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , I n d i a n a p o l i s 9.
Employment S e c u r i t y C o m mi s s i o n , Des M o i n e s 8 .
Employment S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , S t a t e La bo r Depa r t ment , Topeka.
Bureau o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Department o f Economi c S e c u r i t y , F r a n k f o r t .
D i v i s i o n o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Department o f L a bor, Ba t o n Rouge 4.
Employment S e c u r i t y C o m mi s s i on , A u g u s t a .
Department o f Employment S e c u r i t y , B a l t i m o r e 1 .
D i v i s i o n o f S t a t i s t i c s , Depart ment o f L a bo r and I n d u s t r i e s , B o s t o n 10 .
Employment S e c u r i t y C o mmi s s i on , D e t r o i t 2.
D i v i s i o n o f Employment and S e c u r i t y , S t . Paul 1 .
Employment S e c u r i t y C o mmi s s i on , J a c k s o n .
D i v i s i o n o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Department o f L a b o r and I n d u s t r i a l R e l a t i o n s ,
Jefferson City.
Unemployment C o m p e n s a t i o n C o m mi s s i on , Hel ena.
D i v i s i o n o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Department o f L a b o r , L i n c o l n 1 .
Employment S e c u r i t y De pa r t me nt , C a r s o n C i t y .
D i v i s i o n o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Depart ment o f L a b o r , C onc or d.
Department o f L a b o r and I n d u s t r y , T r e n t o n 8 .
Employment S e c u r i t y C o mmi s s i on , A l bu q ue r qu e.
Bureau o f R e s e a r c h and S t a t i s t i c s , D i v i s i o n o f Pl a c e me n t and Unemployment I n s u r a n c e ,
New York Department o f Labor , 1440 Broadway, New York 18.
Department o f L a b o r , R a l e i g h .
Unemployment C o m p e n s a t i o n D i v i s i o n , B i s m a r c k .
Bureau, o f Unemployment C o m p e n s a t i o n , Col u mb us 16.
Employment S e c u r i t y C o m mi s s i on , Okl ahoma C i t y 2 .
Unemployment C o m p e n s a t i o n C o mmi s s i on , Salem.
F e d e r a l R e s e r v e Bank o f P h i l a d e l p h i a , P h i l a d e l p h i a 1 ( m f g . ) ; Bur eau o f R e s e a r c h and
I n f o r m a t i o n , Depar t ment o f L a b o r and i n d u s t r y , H a r r i s b u r g ( n o n m f g . ) .
Depar tment o f L abor, P r o v i d e n c e 3 .
Employment S e c u r i t y C o mmi s s i on , C o l u m b i a 1 .
Employment S e c u r i t y De pa r t me nt , Aberdeen.
Department o f Employment S e c u r i t y , N a s h v i l l e 3 .
Employment C o mmi s s i on , A u s t i n 19.
Department o f Employment S e c u r i t y , I n d u s t r i a l C o mmi s s i o n , S a l t Lake C i t y 13 .
Unemployment C o m p e n s a t i o n C o mmi s s i o n , M o n t p e l i e r .
D i v i s i o n o f R e s e a r c h and S t a t i s t i c s , Department o f L a b o r and I n d u s t r y , Richmond 19 .
Employment s e c u r i t y Depa rt ment , O l ym p i a.
Department o f Employment S e c u r i t y , C h a r l e s t o n 5 .
I n d u s t r i a l C o mmi s s i on , M a d i s o n 3 .
Employment S e c u r i t y C o mmi s s i on , C a s p e r .
53
BLS CHRONOLOGIES OF WAGES IN SHIPBUILDING
AND SHIP REPAIR INDUSTRIES
Two of the Bureau's Wage Chronologies trace changes in wage rates and
related wage practices in the shipbuilding and ship repair industries.
Wage Chronology No. 18 deals with changes negotiated for Bethlehem
Steel Company's Atlantic Coast Shipyards from 19l*l to 19!?1> whil§
Chronology No. 21 covers the same period for Pacific Coast Shipbuilding.
Both pamphlets report on general wage changes over the period specified,
as well as changes in shift premium., overtime and holiday pay, premium
pay for Saturday and Sunday work, paid vacations, health and welfare
benefits, and similar contract provisions.
To get copies of these free publications as long as the supply lasts,
mail the order blank below to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. S.
Department of Labor, Washington 2£>, D. C.
ORDER FORM
TO:
Bureau of Labor Statistics
U. S. Department of Labor
Washington 25, D. C.
Please send me ......copies of Wage Chronology No.
Atlantic Shipyards,
.... copies of Wage Chronology No.
Coast Shipbuilding,
18, Bethlehem
I9ljl-5>1.
21, Pacific
19Ul-!?l.
Name...................... ........................ .
Street Address......................„..........
City, Zone, and State......................
Other Publications on
EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENTS
S T A T E AND A R EA D A TA — EM PLOYM EN T, HOU RS, AND EA R N IN G S
D a ta a v a i l a b l e f o r S t a t e s and a r e a s i n v a r y i n g
industry
MANPOWER R E P O R T S
in
• Special
to the d e f e n s e
not l i s t e d are
studies
of
m anp o w er p r o b l e m s
MANPOWER R E P O R T N o .
3
- The N a t i o n * s
8
- Ma n p o w e r R e q u i r e m e n t s
MANPOWER R E P O R T N o . 12
MANPOWER R E P O R T N o . 13
MANPOWER R E P O R T N o . 14
since
of
S cie n tific
and
of
Technical
the Machine
Manpower,
Tool
T h o se
available.*
December
Industry
C u r r e n t M o b i l i z a t i o n P r o g r a m , A u g u s t 1 951
- M an p ow er R e q u i r e m e n t s f o r t h e M e r c h a n t M a r i n e ,
- Ma n p o w e r R e q u i r e m e n t s i n M e t a l M i n i n g , O c t o b e r
1947.
importance
effort.
R e p o r t s n u m b e re d c o n s e c u t i v e l y a s i s s u e d *
e i t h e r r e s t r i c t e d f o r s e c u r i t y r e a s o n s o r no l o n g e r
MANPOWER R E P O R T N o .
MANPOWER R E P O R T N o . 10
MANPOWER R E P O R T N o * 11
d etail
a ctiv ities
in
1950
the
September
1 95 1
1951
- D e f e n s e Manpower R e q u i r e m e n t s i n E l e c t r o n i c s P r o d u c t i o n ,
F e b r u a r y 1952
- T h e E f f e c t s o f D e f e n s e P r o g r a m on E m p lo y m e n t i n A u t o m o b i l e
I n d u s t r y , J a n u a r y 1952
- P r o j e c t e d M an p ow er R e q u i r e m e n t s a n d S u p p l y ,, 1 9 5 2 - 1 9 5 3 ;
J a n u a r y 1952
O C C U P A TIO N A L OUTLOOK HANDBOOK, 2 d E D I T I O N , B u l l e t i n N o . 9 9 8 o f B u r e a u o f L a b o r
S t a t i s t i c s i s s u e d i n c o o p e r a t i o n w i t h the V e t e r a n s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n .
575 p p . - A v a i l a b l e f rom t h e S u p e r i n t e n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t
i n g O f f i c e , W a s h i n g t o n 25 D.
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C . , a t $3.00 a copy.
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o c c u p a t i o n s i n w h i c h most young p e o p l e w i l l f i n d j o b s .
Trends
and o u t l o o k a r e e m p h a s i z e d t o d e p i c t t h e c h a n g i n g n a t u r e o f o c c u p a t i o n a l
and i n d u s t r i a l l i f e , and to h e l p i n l o n g - r a n g e e d u c a t i o n a l and c a r e e r p l a n
ning.
O c c u p a t i o n r e p o r t s d e s c r i b e employment o u t l o o k , n a t u r e of w ork,
i n d u s t r i e s and l o c a l t i e s i n w h i c h w o r k e r s a r e e m p l o y e d , t r a i n i n g and q u a l i
f i c a t i o n s n e e d e d , e a r n i n g s , w o r k i n g c o n d i t i o n s , and s o u r c e s o f f u r t h e r
inform ation.
T h is m a t e r ia l i s c u r re n t as of l a t e 1950.
New e d i t i o n s o f t h e
H and b oo k w i l l be i s s u e d f rom t i m e t o t i m e .
S E L E C T E D F A C T S ON T H E EMPLOYM ENT AND ECON OM IC S T A T U S O F O LD ER MEN AND WOMEN*
J a n u a r y 1952
- B a s i c d a ta p e r t a i n i n g to o l d e r w o r k e r s , i n c l u d i n g i n f o r m a l
t i o n on p o p u l a t i o n a n d l a b o r f o r c e t r e n d s , i n d u s t r i a l a n d o c c u p a t i o n a l
c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , and
income and em p lo y m en t. ( S u p p l y o f c o p i e s o f f i r s t
e d i t i o n e x h a u s t e d ; a v a i l a b i l i t y o f a r e v i s e d e d i t i o n w i l l be a n n o u n ce d
t h i s summer.)
T A B L E S O F WORKING L I F E ,
1950,
labor
A vailable
from
W ashington.25,
LEN G TH O F WORKING L I F E
FO R MEN,
74 p p . - T a b l e s c o m p a r i n g a m a n ' s
fotrce e n t r y r a t e s , an d s e p a r a t i o n
the
Superintendent
D» C .
at
40
cents
of Documents,
a copy.
B ulletin
No*
1001,
August
l i f e span w i t h h i s work s p a n .
Also
r « t e s owing to d e a th and r e t i r e m e n t .
Government P r i n t i n g
O ffice,
@FedFRASER