Full text of Employment and Payrolls : March - April 1942

The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.

For immediate-release
Friday, I^lay2 9 ^ ^ 9 4 2 ^

DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY

The gain of <381,000 m total civil nonagrioultural employment from mid-March to
mid-April raised the April aggregate to 40,775,000, Secretary of^Labor Frances
Perkins reported toaay (Friday). "This total exceeded all previous April levels
and was 2,545,000 greatet than in April of last year^" she said.
"Increased employment on contract construction, largely on Federal projects,
accounted for 137,000 of the increase over the month interval# Other major groups
reporting gains were manufacturing; transportation and public utilities; finance,
service, and miscellaneous; and Federal, State, and local government services.
Employment in the mining group shrowod no change from the March level, gains 'in
quarrying and metal mining offsetting the decreases reported in coal mining and
crude petroleum production. The combined reports from wholesale and retail trade
establishments indicated a not contrasoasonal decline of 53,000 over the preceding
month, due in part to the direct and indirect government restrictions affecting the
sales of automobiles, tiros, electrical appliances and other commodities.
"Approximately one-half of the gain of more than 2,500,000 nonagrioultural
workers over the year occurred in manufacturing industries. With but one exception
(wholesale and retail trade), all other major groups showed employment gains over
April of last year. -Substantial declines in the v/holesale and retail automotive
and the retail furniture groups contributed to the decline of 134,000 in trade em­
ployment over the year# All major retail groups reported fewer employees than in
April 1941, with the exception of the group of retail food stores# This year preEaster shopping occurred too early in April to affect employment in retail stores
in the pay period ending nearest the 15th, while last year, Easter buying was'con­
centrated in the middle v^rcek of the month and accounted largely for a substantial
employment gain.
"The increase of 0.5 percent in factory employment between March and April was
about twice as large as the normally expected expansion vj*hilc the corresponding inincrease in weekly pay rolls, 1.9 percent or nearly $6,800,000, was in contrast to
"a typical decrease of 0*8 percent (§2,800,000) for this month. The durable goods
group showed a gain of 1*3 percent (72,700) in employment while the nondurable goods
group'reported a reduction of 0*4 percent (21,300).
"Many industries continued to show employment- declines as a result of shortages
of materials and lay-offs ponding plant conversion to war production. Among such
durable goods industries wore automobiles, hardware, plumbers' supplies, stamped
and enameled ivaro, tin cans, business mo-chir.es, jewelry, and silverware and plated
ware. Sharp increases, however, in such important war industries as shipbuilding,
aircraft, foundries and machine-shops, engines, electrical machinery, and machine
tools offset those declines sufficiently to cause a not gain in the durable goods
group and in all manufacturing industries combined.
"In the nondurable goods group, substantial seasonal increases were reported
for the beverage, canning, ice cream, boot sugar, and butter industries and'smaller
gains for cane sugar refining and knitted outerwear* Contrasoasonal gains wcro
shown in the cotton goods, silk and rayon, and woolen and worsted goods industries.
Declines in other nondurable goods industries, however, notably cottonseed oil,
cake and meal; millinery; carnets and rugs; rubber goods; fertilizers; fur-felt hata
and hosiery more than offset those gains to cause a not decline in the group as a
whole*
"The April index of factory employment stood at 135*7 (1923-25=100) a rise of
10*7 percent since April of last year, and the corresponding pay-roll index v/as
186.4, an increase of 38*4 percent since last year* As has boon indicated in pre­
ceding reports, factory pay rolls have advanced much more sharply than employment
in recent months duo to increased working hours in many industries, overtime pre­
miums, and ivago-ratc increases.
"Fewer factory workers were affected by wage-rate increases in April than in
any month since Mdrch of last year. Wage-rate increases betiveen March 16 and



April 15, 1942, woro reported by 590 manufacturing establishments out of a reporting
samplo of about 30,000. They averaged 8.1 pc-rccnt and affected about 110,000 work­
ers out of a total of 6,000,000 employed by the covered plants.
"Employment in anthracite mining doclinod 1.1 percont and bituminous coal mining
employment fell 0.5 percent. Metal mining as a whole showed an employment increase
of 0.7 percent and employment in quarrying and nonmotallic mining showod a less-thanscasonal increase of *5.7 percont. In crude petroleum production employment doclinod
by 1 percont.
"Employment by street railways and busses again showod an incrcaso of about 1
percent, reflecting tho domand for additional transportation facilities. Increases
of a seasonal character woro roported by hotols, laundries, private building con­
tractors, and dyeing and cloaning establishments. Brokoragc firms roportod fewer
employees.
"Retail establishments roported a net contrasoasonal decline of 0.5 percont in
tho number of workers due primarily to reductions in the automotive and furniture
groups reflecting the effect of the war program on the sales of automobiles, tires,
gasoline, and electrical appliances and radios. Wholesale firms reported a largerthan-seasonal employment decline of 1.6 percent, due partially to reduced employment
in the automotive and electrical groups.
"Federally-financed construction showed a more-than-seasonal expansion during
the month ending April 15, adding 177,000 workers and $35,649,000 pay rolls. Those
represented increases of 15 and 18 percent respectively over the preceding month, and
of 63 and 93 percont respectively over tho past year. In April, all Fcdorally-financod construction employed 1,372,000 persons and paid out a total of $234,328,000
in pay rolls.
"War construction, not including housing, required 88 percent of the employment
and 89 percont of tho pay rolls. Expansion during April v/as concentrated mainly on
tho construction of cantonments, ordnance, plants, air corps stations, now ships, air­
ports, and streets and roads.
"Nonwar construction othor than housing, showed slight incroasos in employment
and pay rolls during tho month of April, but aggregated only 124,000 omployoos and
$19,154,000 pay rolls, loss than 10 percont of the total construction requirements.
"Public housing employment has doclinod stoadily since July 1941, showing a not
decrease of 42 percent since April a year ago, from 72,900 to 42,600 persons. On
tho othor hand, tho war public works program including tho construction of schools,
hospitals, waterworks, and sanitary and recreational facilities servicing war-hous­
ing areas, has boon expanding gradually since tho incoption of tho program in Octo­
ber 1941.
"Employment in tho executive branch of tho Federal Government excoedod tho
2,000,000 mark during the month of April, with tho addition of 10,300 persons inside
tho District of Columbia and 97,800 outside tho District. Both employment and pay
rolls increased 6 percent during the current month, but over the past year employ­
ment increased 63 percent and pay rolls 73 porcont. Tho April pay rolls for tho
executive service woro $327,119,000.
"Tho oxpansion of war industries has boon accompanied by drastic contraction
of work-roliof projects. During April, WtA personnel declined 96,800 persons, and
during the past year 755,000. Those represented decreases of 10 and 47 porcont
respectively. Tho contraction has affoctcd personnel on v^rar projocts of tho WRA
somewhat less than on othors— 4 porcont during the past month and 33 porcont during
tho past year.
"Tho NYA dropped 10,100 persons from its student-work program and 15,300 persons
from its out-of-school work program during April. Over the past year NYA personnel
has ccntra.ctod over 50 porcont.
"Personnel on the CCC program likewise dropped sharply during April with the
declines distributed among tho different groups as follows: enrollees, 18,000
persons or 18 percent; nurses, 8 or 16 percent; educational advisers, 93 or 12 per­
cent; supervisory and technical, 1,080 or 6 percent. Over the past year total CCC
personnel has declined 64 percent and total, pay rolls 59 percent."




- 3 -

ESTIMATES OF TOTAL NONAGRICULTURAL DEPLOYMENT
(In thousands)

- April
March
1942
(Pre1942
liainan?
Total civil nonagricultural employ­
40,773
ment
Employees in nonagricultrual estab­
lishments.... -.............. ......
3A,63C
Manufacturing.................
12,(97
Mining.... ...................
660
Contract Construction........
1,575
Transportation & public utilities 3,344
Trade.........................
6,65S
Finance, service & miscellaneous
4,264
Federal, State and local rovernment...... ......... ........
4,732

Change
March
to
April
1942

April
1941

Cnange
April
1941 to
April
194^2

40,392

+361

36,228

+2,545

34,249
12,645
€60
1,738
3,277
6,711
4,195

+361
+ 52
0
+137
+ 67
- 53
+ 69

32,065
11,6(4
%4
1,775
3,113
6,792
A, 174

+2,545
+1,213
+ 296
+ ICO
+ 231
- 134
^
90

A,623

+1C9

3,963

+

749

The estimates of "Total civil nonagricultural employment", given on
the first line of the above table, represent the total number of persons engaged
in gainful work in the United States in nonagricultural industries, excluding
military and naval porscnnel, persons employod onW . P. A, or N. Y, A. projects,
and ertrolloes in C. C. C. camps. The series described as "Employees in nonagricultural establishments" excludes also proprietors and firm membors, solf-ecployed
persons, casual workors end persona in dcmestic service. The estimates for "Employ­
ees in nonagricultural establishments" are shewn separately for each of seven major
industry groups. Data for the manufacturing and trade groups have been revised to
include adjustments to preliminary 1939 Census d^ta.
The figures rcpncs< nt t'-c number of persons wording at any time during
the vcck ending nearest the middle of each month. The totals for the United States
have been adjusted to conform to the figures shorn by the 193C Census of Occupations
or the number of nonagricultural "gainful workers" less the number shewn to have
been unemployed for one week or more at the time of the Census. Separate estimates
for "Employees in nonagricultural cstaMishmcnta" arc shewn in the following tabled
for rach of the AS States rjad the District ef Columbia for March and April 1942
and April 1941. Tables shewing the estimates for each State frcm July 1937 to date
arc available on request. Because the State figures do not include employees on




- 4 merchant vessels, and because of certain adjustments in the United States estimates
which have not been made on a State basis, the total of the State estimates will not
agree exactly with the figures for the United States as a whole.
These estimates are based in large part on industrial censuses and on
regular reports of employers to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics and to
other Government agencies, such as the Interstate Commerce Commission. Data derived
from employers* quarterly reports in connection with "old age and survivors'
insurance," and employers' monthly reports in connection with unemployment compen­
sation have been used extensively as a check on estimates derived from other sources,
and in some industries they have provided the most reliable information available.

ESTIMATED NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES IN NONAGRICULTURAL ESTABLISHMENTS, BY STATES
(in thousands)

April
1942

March
1942

Change
March to
April 1942
Numbe r
Percent

April
1941

Change
April 1941 to
April 1942
Number
Percent

New England
Maine
New Hampshire
Ve rmont
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut

3,016
228
147
79
1,577
263
722

2,987
221
145
79
1,559
262
721

+29
+ 7
+ 2
0
+18
+ 1
+ 1

+ .9
+3.0
+ .7
+ .6
+1.2
+ .4
+ .1

2,789
197
138'
74
1,457
264
659

+227
+ 31
+ 9
+ 5
+120
- 1
+ 63

+ 8.1
+15.6
+ 5.8
+ 7.6
+ 8.3
- .5
+ 9.5

Middle Atlantic
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania

8,705
4,285
1,350
3,070

8,637
4,247
1,343
3,047

+68
+38
+ 7
+23

+
+
+
+

.8
.9
.5
.8

8,043
4,029
1,250
2,764

+662
+256
+100
+306

+ 8.2
+ 6.4
+ 8.1
+11.1

East North Central
Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
Michigan
Wisconsin

7, 784
2,093
912
2,549
1,495
735

7,705
2,069
904
2,535
1,479
718

+ 79
+24
+ 8
+14
+16
+17

+1.0
+1.2
+ .8
+ .6
+1.1
+2.4

7,410
1,937
872
2,394
1,527
680

+374
+156
+ 40
+155
- 32
+ 55

+
+
+
+
+

West North Central
Minnesota
Iowa
Missouri
North Dakota
South Dakota
Nebraska
Kansas

2,642
575
429
914
78
86
219
341

2,586
561
423
896
76
86
215
329

+56
+14
+ 6
+18
+ 2
0
+ 4
+12

+2.2
+2.5
+1.5
+2.0
+2.3
+ .4
+1.8
+3.4

2,442
539
409
823
75
81
200
315

+200
+ 36
+ 20
+ 91
+ 3
+ 5
+ 19
+ 26

+ 8.2
+ 6,6
+ 5.0
+11.0
+ 4.8
+ 5.8
+ 9.5
+ 8.2




5.0
8.1
4.6
6.5
2.1
8.0

- 5 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES IN NONAGRICULTURAL ESTABLISHMENTS, BY STATES

(in thousands)

r*.......

Change
March to
April 1942
Pe rcent
Number

)
April
1941

Change
April 1941 to
April 1942
Percent
Number

April
1942

March
1942

South Atlantic
Delaware
Ma ryland
District of Columbia
Virginia
West Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Florida

4,226
76
64 7
497
639
408
662
337
557
403

- 4,196
75
649
479
629
403
6 9
333
552
417

+30
+ 1
- 2
+18
+10
+ 5
+ 3
+ 4
+ 5
-14

+ .7
+1.5
- .3
+3.7
+1.5
+1.2
+ .6
+1.3
+ .9
-3.2

' 3,809
74
583
392
559
301
658
325
524
393

+417
+ 2
+ 64
+105
+ 80
+107
+ 4
+ 12
+ 33
+ 10

+11.0
+ 2.5
+11.0
+26.7
+14.4
+35.4
+ .7
+ 3.9
+ 6.3
+ 2.5

East South Central
Kentucky
Tennessee
Alabama
Mississippi

1,654
406 527
522
199

1,615
397
516
503
199

+39
+ 9
+n
+19
0

+2.4
+2.2
+2.2
+3.8
- .3

1,426
350
479
405
192

+228
+ 56
+ 48
+117
+ 7

+16.0
+16.0
+10.1
+29.0
+ 3.6

West South Central
ArkansasLouisiana
Oklahoma
Texas

2,187
220
442
323
1,202

2,134
221
420
318
1,175

+53
- 1
+22
+ 5
+27

+2.5
- .2
+5.3
+1.6
+2.3

1,990
183
399
295
1,113

+197
+ 37
+ 43
+ 28
+ 89

+ 9.8
+20.5
+10.6
+ 9.3
+ 7.9

Mountain
Montana
1 daho
Wyoming
Colorado
Now Mox'ico
Arizona
Utah
'Nevada,.

867
115*
89
55
249
80
105
136
38

846
112
86
54
247
78
104
128
37

+21
+ 3
+ 3
+ 1
+ 2
+ 2
+ 1
+ 8
+ .1

+2.6
+2.8
+4.2
+2.7
+ .9
+2.3
+ .5
+6.2
+2.5

778
111
85
53
221
70
94
110
34

+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

89
4
4
2
28
10
11
26
4

+11.5
+ 3.7
+ 5.1
+ 5.0
+12.8
+13.2
+11.6
+23.7
+11.7

Pacific
Washington
Oregon
California

3,048
546
322
2,180

2,992
534
307
2,151

+56
+12
+15
+29

+1.9
+2.3
+4.6
+1.3

2,615
458
253
1,904

+4 3
+ 88
+ 69
+276

+16.6
+19.3
+27.4
+14.5




-6-

of employment and pay rolls for all manufacturing industries combined, Class I
S + a a m railroads, and for those nonmanufacturing industries for which information is available,
-,re shown below for April 1942, with percentage changes from March 1942 and April 1941. The
3-year average 1923-25 is used as a base in computing the indexes for the manufacturing indus­
tries and the 5-year average 1935-39 as a base for Class I steam railroads. For the other
no manufacturing industries information for years prior to 1929 is not available from the Bureau* s
rcrords, and the 12-month average for 1929 is used as a base in computing the index numbers.
These indexes are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
The data for manufacturing, mining, building construction, laundries, and dyeing and
cleaning cover wage earners only; those for railroads cover all employees while the data for
water transportation cover employees on vessels of 1,000 gross tons or over in deep-sea trades
only. The data for other industries exclude proprietors and firm members, corporation officers,
..... " K y ^ R o l l
Rmployment
Percentage
Percentage
Index
Index
change from—
Aixril
change from—
AprilITprTT
April
March
1942
industry
Iv%irch
1942
1942
1941
1941
1942
i/
1/
(1923-25=105)
(1923-25=100)
+38.4
+ 1.9
IvANUFACTURING.......................
2/
186.4
+ 0.5
+10.7
2/ 135.7
1935-39=100)
(1935-39=100 )
CLASS 1 STEAM RAILROADS 3/.........
+14.6
4/
121.5
+ 4.2
d/
4/
(1929=100)
(1929=100)
TRADE:
+10.4
92.0
- 2.0
- 1.6
- 5/
92.4
+ 1.4
J
Food products..... .
4/
4/
+ .8
+12,3
+ 1.3
Groceries and food specialties.
- 2.9
- 1.4
+1Q.6
+ 2.2
4^
Dry goods and apparel..........
- 1.9
- 1.4
4/
+ 7.1
4/
- 3.0
- .5
^hchinery, equipment & supplies
- .4
+18.2
+ 5.6
4/
Farm products..................
-17.4
-21.9
- 1.8
-11.6
4/
4/
Petroleum & petroleum products
- 5.3
(includes bulk tank stations)
4/
- 1.1
4/
+ 7.8
+ 1.9
Automotive......................
- 2.8
- 3.9
+ .*2
- 7.5
,
3
/
Retail..... ......................
+ 1.6
6/ 93.2
- .5
- 4.0
6/ 93.9
- .5
F
o
o
d
.
.
+11.1
112.0
- .9
+ 4.9
112.8
- .8
+ 8.0
General merchandising..........
6/ 107.6
+ 1.6
6/ 106.5
- 1.0
+ 1.2
0
+ 2.4
Apparel...... . . . . . . . . . . . . .
94.8
94.4
- 5.1
+ 2.3
Furniture.
.
- 1.9
- 1.0
71.2
- 3.0
-11.3
68.1
Automotive.......... ......... ..
-34.7
62.6
- 4.7
59.4
- 6.3
-34.5
+ 8.8
79.0
+ 3.5
Lumber and building materials..
- 2.4
73.1
+ 1.2
PUBLIC UTILITIES:
Telephone and telegraph..........
6/ 91.0
+ 9.4
6/ 122.0
+13.7
+ .6
+ .1
Electric light and power..... ..
6 / 113.6
+ 5.7
+ .2
6/ 89.2
- 2.3
- .5
6/ 84.5
+17.4
. Street railways and busses 7/**.*
- .2
6/ 72.5
+ 6.2
+ 1.1
MINING:
A n t h r a c i t e .
+83.6
-12.3
47.9
44.7
- 1.7
- 1.1
Bituminous-coal..................
+ 1.3
+664.7
118.4
+296.3
93.3
- .5
Metalliferous..................... .
+22.9
97.0
82.5
+ 7.0
- 2.1
+ .7
Quarrying and nonmetallic........
+23.2
57.9
+ 6.3
50.4
+ 5.7
+ 4.5
+ 8.8
, Crude-petroleum production.......
- 1.0
- 1.6
62.8
+ .4
59.1
-SERVICES:
Hotels (year-round).......... ..
8/ 93.5
+ 7.3
+ 1.6
+ 2.1
95.0
- .2
Laundries........................
+ 5.0
108.4
+ 4.0
110.2
+13.2
+ 2.1
Dyeing and c l e a n i n g . ^ .
105.6
+ 6.5
+ 3.4
+13.9
121.2
+ 7.9
Brokerage..... .
- 4.0
- 3.5
- 7.5
-10.2
4/
4/
- .8
+ 5.7
+ 1.0
- .5
4/
4/
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION....... .
+ 8.4
;+ 4.8
- 7.2
+ 7.2
4/
4/
WATER TRANSPORTATION............. ..
+13.5
9/ 73.6
- 2.8
- 8.1
10/
+28.9
2/ Adjusted to preliminary 1939 Census figures,
3/ Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
4 / Not available.
5 / Less than one-tenth of one percent.
6/ Retail-trade indexes adjusted to 1935 Census, public utility indexes to 1937 Census.
7/ Covers street railways and trolley and motor-bus operations of subsidiary, affiliated and
successor companies.
]3/ Cash payments only; value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
9/ Based on estimates prepared by the United States ?&ritimc Coiaaission.
10/ Pay-roll index; on 1929 base not available. Includes war bonuses and value of subsistence
and lodgingJ




7 Index Numbers of Employment and Pay Rolls of Wage Earners in MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures, Except as Indicated in Notes 2 and 4
_________
(3"Year Average 1923-25 = 100.0)

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

Pay Rolls
Mar. ' Apr.
1/Apr.
1942
1942
1941

Employment
1 /Apr. ' Mar.
Apr.
1942
1942
1941

ALL INDUSTRIES 2/...... ..

123.7

i?$.o

122.6

I 86.4

182.9

134.7

Durable goods 2/........
Nondurable goods 2/.....

149.3
122.7

147.4
123.2

127.7
117.8

223.8
144.4

217.3
144.3

149.9
117.7

135.2

135.7

129.4

180.0

181.0

150.9

151.0
170.5
99.0

150.0
169.0
98.1

137.4
154.7
92.6

191.4
282.3
131.2

193.4
273.7
126.7

164.1
212.0
104.2

128.9
127.2
91.4
81.9
206.8

136.4
125.0
94.8
89^0
211.5

116.6
99.8
116.6
100.8
210.0

173.6
231.7
132.9
93.5
305.7

181.4
221.7
136.8
102.1
308.7

125.1
141.0
135.7
98.4
242.5

121.6
123.2
89.8
91.8
Stoves........... .......... ........
Structural and ornamental metalwork 113.5
110.4
109.9 ' 115.9
j
Tools (not including edge tools,
machine tools, files, and saws).. 155.2 ' 154.9
Wirework...........................
156.7 I 161.3
Machinery, not including transporta- i
194.0
197.7
Agricultural implements (including
166.3
169.1
Cash registers , adding machines ?
170.0
176.7
Electrical machinery, apparatus,
and supplies . ........... ....
2/
Engines , turbines , water aheels
3/
3/
160.6
Foundry and machine-shop products . .
157.3
2/
y
210.4
211.1
110.1
109.7
125.7
147.1
224.1
233.4
y
86.2
84.5
Cars, electric** and steam-railroad.
3/
2/
2/
2/
2/
2/
See footnote at end of table.

108.9
109.2
99.1
109.5

173.0
104.4
145.6
143.8

173.0
104.7
140.2
150.0

116.8
110.6
103.4
127.3

133.2
207.4

237.9
237.2

234.2
234.9

165.5
242.8

156.2

313*9

307.8

197.4

168.5

248.7

250.4

229.6

151.3

249.9

261.3

191.0

2/

2/

3/

2/
233.6
3/
296.0
156.1
171.0
380.5
2/
132.8
2/
2/
2/

2/
227.3
y
290.7
156.3
212.6
349.9
2/
132.1

3/
152.2
2/
163^9
112.1
174.5
191.6
2/
147.3

2/

2/

Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products,
not including machinery.........
Blast furnaces? steel works, and
rolling mills....................
Bolts 3 nuts, washers, and rivets...
Cast-iron pipe............ ........
Cutlery (not including silver and
plated cutlery)? and edge tools..
Forgings, iron and steel..........
Hardware.......... .
Stamped and enameled ware..........
Steam and hot-water heating appa-




3/

.

2/
130.0
2/
158.5
98.9
138.3
166.3
3/
132.4.
2/
2/
2/

.

- 8 Index Numbers of Employment and Pay Rolls, of Wage Earners in MJWUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures, Except as Indicated in Notes 2 and 4
____________________
(3-Year Average 1923-25 = 100.0)

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

Employment
Apr.
1/Apr. ' Mar.
"* 19/,2
1942
1941

Durable, poods— continued
Nonferrous metals and their products. 143.6
Aluminum manufactures.... .........
2/
Brass, bronze, and copper products.
2/
Clocks and watches and timerecording devices................ 110.1
Jewelrv............................
100.2
Lighting equipment.................
95.8.
66.0
Silverware and plated ware........
Smelting and refining— copper; lead.
102.1
Lumber and allied products........
73.7
Furniture......... ........... .
97.5
Lumber:
Mill vjork ............ .............
70.7
Sawmills....... *.......... ......
6^.9
95.4
70.1
Bricky tile, and terra cotta..... ..
Cement...................... .......
79.3
125.8
Marble, granite? slate, and other
39.9
119.8
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products.........
Cotton goods.....................
Dyeing and finishing textiles....

Clothing, men's *.................
Clothing, women's ..... ..........
Corsets and allied garments......

See footnote at end of table.




113.0
105.2
70.5
114.1
111.8
138.2
68.1
124.9
82.1
88.8
154.7
63.0
104.2
125.6
123.0
165.6
115.1
113.5
78.2
132.3

Pay Rolls
Mar.
Apr.
1/Apr.
" 1942
1942
1941

y

138*7
2/
2/

206.2
2/
2/

209.1
3/
2/

157.2
3/
3/

111.0
105.8
98.9
77.1

114.2
104.4
U3.2
81.5

165.8
109.0
112.3
79.5

160.1
113.9
109.1
95.5

133.6
93.7
106.0
82.0

101.4
74.0
101.1

100.3
73.8
97.6

127.9
87.9
114.3

127.6
86.7
116.2

106.6
75.7
95.2

70.5
64 .I
94.3
68.3
77.9
126.1

69.7
65.2
93.0
69.2
74.2
1.21,8

70.2
75.1
104.2
70.3
90.2
I64 .I

67.8
72.9
103.6.
68.6
. 88.5
165.4

59.3
66.4
91.1
62.4
75.5
143.5

38,7
119.8

45.3
.113.1

32.7
133.9

30.5
136.8

34.6
lll.l

113.5
105.0
77.1
113.2
111.1
138.3
71.6
128.5
80.1
88.1
153.4
62.3
103.1
12.7.7
123.5
169.5
116.8
115.0
86,2
132.9

112.1
103.7
87.0
104.7
100.8
143.3
80.9
141.9
71.4
82.6
141.5
68.5
IO4.2
126.2
117.9
171.9
118.1
122.3
87.8
130.8

128.6
126.6
76.1
14S. 5
152.6
156.5
61.5
149.0
86.0
110.2
169.7
70.7
127.3
124.5
120.7
151.2
156.6
137.3
66.2
159.8

129.2
124.8
81.2
146.4
148.0
151.7
72.8
154.0
82.9
106.9
163.9
67.8
123.0
130.1
123.3
162.5
159.6
140.5
82.7
132.0

107.0
104.1
81.5
113.3
107.4
134.7
66.0
155.2
63.9
8A.0
132,7
60.1
101.5
106.2
98.3
132.3
132.5
123.9
75.5
127.1

147.9

- 9 Index Numbers of Employment and Pay Rolls of Wage Earners in MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures, Except as Indicated in Notes 2 and 4
____________________________ (-3-Year Average 1923-25 = 100.0)
_________________________
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Nondurable coods— continued
Leather and its manufactures.........
Leather J.. .t...:...................
Food and kindred products...........
B
a
k
i
n
g
....... ..
Butter...............................
Canning and preserving.............
FT our................................
Ice cream.... ................ ......

Tobacco manufactures.;...............
Chewing and smoking tobacco & snuff
, Cigars and cigarettes..............

Printing and publishing:
Book and job........'.........
Newspapers and periodicals.......
Chemical, petroleum,and coal products
Petroleum refining....'.............
Other than petroleum refining.-....
Chemicals..........................
Cottonseed— oil; cake, and meal..
Explosives .................. :.....
Paints and varnishes.............
Rayon and allied products..'.....
Rubber products................. *......
Rubber tires and inner tubes.'.... .
Rubber goodsy other..'..............

l/
2/
3/

Employment
l/Apr. ^ Mar.
' Apr.
19A1
1942
1942

Pay Rolls
l/Apr #
Mar.
Apr.
"* 19A2
1942 _J^41 __

'98.0
101+9
115.0
100.3
98.6
95.8
97.3
109.9
97.6
90.0
122.1
95.1
152.8
131.6
123.6
132.7
149.6
160.7
146.5
150.3
300.1 . 289.1
271.5
398.4
108.1
109.0
102.3
102.9
104.0
118.6
96.9
97.3
92.0
87.3
86.4 .102.5
77.7
78.7
77.4 ' 85.7'
77.8
73.6
77.5
71.5
160.2
134.0 . 110.2
133.3
62.0
41.6
43.6*
45.3
102.6
92.7
91.9
94.4
64.2
73.2
63.5'
65.4
52.3
72.9
52.3
53.5
67.0
65.6
64.7
73.1
121.0
133.1
121.9
119.4
126.6 ' 172.6
133.7
131.1
129.7 . 129^7. 120.3 , 171.9

117.1 ' 92.3
112.2
89.1
123.7
95.1
150.6
125.2
160.6
140.9
378.1
331.4
103.1
89.9
109.8
87.5
85.8
108.6
86.8
76.4
68.8
69.2
159.7
115.1
48.2
56.1
86.3
92.5
70.6
58.9
61.6
70.3
70.5
58.5
121.2
134.8
150.7
176.4
175.7
139.1

102.8
96.3
-99.3 .. 100.9
114.0
114.6
115.0
117.1
157.0
158.2. . 135.9 '220.6
177.8
131.8 130 .8
120.5
233.8
164.8
139..6
163.1
192.5
192.9
162.4
293.4
82.0
90.6
75.9
94.0
155.6
155.8
122.4 . 206.5
3/
2/.
3/
152.8. 165.6
177.1
178.7
139.0
140.7
137.4
177.4
387.6
313.2 .317.9
310.3
91.6
92.6
136.9
92.3
105.0 .129.7
98.9
94.3
73.8
75.0
92.3
72.4
72.8 . 74.2 . 82.3.
IO4.4
*227.9
158.3 -172.1, 180.5

97.6
113.9
218.9
179.6
231.1
287.8
97.9
199.6 '
175.9
179.4
394.4
137.3
132.3
99.3
106.3
229.1

93.7
112.4
158.3
142.4
163.4
208.3
84.2
137.7
3/
176.9
157.9
342.3
115.6
122.3
83.6
106.3
194.9

April 1942 indexes preliminary; subject to revision.
Adjusted to' preliminary 1939 Census figures.
Included in total and group indexes, but not available for publication
separately.
Adjusted on basis*of a complete employment survey of the aircraft industry for
August 194-0. Not comparable to.indexes.appearing in press releases dated
earlier'than November 194-0. Revised figures available in mimeograph form.




- 10 INDEXES OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS IN FIFTY-FIVE ADDITIONAL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
(Preliminary)
(l2--month average 1939 = 100.0)
rplovtnent
Pay Rolls
!
Mar.
Mar.
Apr.
!Apr.
Industry
Anr.
Apr.
1942
1941
1942 - 1941
1942
1942
Iron and Steel B-roup
203.3
126.9
202.0
Metal doors anddshutters.......... 134.1
137.5
135.9.
P'irearms.................. .
1/
1/
l/
1/
l/
i/ :
178.7
391.1
226. 3
307.4
501.4
242.5
181,7
158,0
........... 139.8
136.3
186,0
Vsfire drawing. *
138.9
Wrought pipe not made in rolling
J.QL/.
mills............................. 178.3
242.2
161.6
155.'2
275.2
Steel barrels, kegs, and drums.... 134.'3
143.0, 112.4
203,3
219,5
139,0
Machinery Group
Machine tool ac-cessories..........
1/
1/
l/
1/
1/
l/
P um p s ........... .................... 255.0
470.9
449., 5' ' 218,5
244'. 3
165.4
Re frige rators and re frige rating
apparatus........... ...... ......... 113.9
152,4
179,0
150.9
159.3
112.5
Tz
n
^
135^9
250,3
121.9
u .o
139.4
139.2
Washing machines, wringers, and
driers ........ .................... 114.3
151,8
158,5
162,6
130.8
107.6
Transportation Equipment Group
.Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts.. 122.3
145. 7
205,2
169.4 ,
148.0
170.6
Nonferrous Metals Group
Sheet-metal w o r k . ................... 150.3
217.7
149.8
142. 2
215^ 3
161,2
Smelting and refining of scrap
me t a l . .. ................... .
219,7
1-15.4
164. 6
141.2
167.5
219.3
Lumber Group
Caskets and morticians goods......
109,3
99.5
123.6
129,0.
102.5 ' 102.6
Wood preserving....... ............. 116.3
116.9
123.4
168.3
163.4
14 9.5
Wood turned and *shaped............ 112.9
157,7
135. 3
117.2
151.6
H8.6
.Wooden boxes, other than cigar.... 125.4
125.-7
177.1
176,5
137. 7
118.3
Mattresses and bedsprings.......... 122.1
152.0
127,7
118. 5
116.2
170.2
Stone, Clay & Glass Products Group
Abrasives........ . . ....... ...... .. 204.5
197. 9
171.8
297.4
277.2
202,8
Asbestos products....... ........... 132.4
134. h
184,4
121.3' *184'. 5
140,8
L i m e .......... .................. 117.7
116. 6
120.0
141.0
162.*6
159.2
Gypsum............................ .. 108. &
103.7
134.1
135,7
111.1
127.2
Glass products made from purchased
e:lass .................. ....
125.1
128.9
134.6
14 3.5
151,0 ' ' 155.5
Wallboard and plaster, except.
122.8.
137.1
127.5
122.8
142,1
191,2
Textiles
Textile b a ^ s .
^
^
. 122.4
129.8
111.0 - 144*. 8
153,4
119.7
C ordage and twine............. .
142.6
139.4
124.4 '200.7
147.9
194.7
Curtains, draperies & bedspreads.. 103.0
103.7
144.2
142,1
115.0
38.2
House furnishings, other,......... 12C.3
115^3
141.5
136.8
151.2
1S3.1
Jute goods, except felt.......... . 117,5
116.9
123.0
152,7
152,6
159.8
Handke rchief s ...................... .
^ ,J
97.0
101.1
125.9
127,0
112,8
Leather Group
Boot & shoe cut stock & findings.. 104.9
108,2
103.3
138.7
111,7
134.6
Leather gloves and mittens........ 144,5
141,5135.7
.189.3
169.4
185.2
Trunks and suitcases....... .
177.9
176.1
130,8
205.0
133.3
200.6




- 11 INDEXES OF EMPLOYMENT AIJD PAY ROLLS IN FIFTY-FIVE ADDITIONAL l.^HUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
(Preliminary)
_______________________________ (12-month average 1939 = 100.0)_______________ _____________
Pay Rolls
Employment
Industry
Mar.
Apr.
Apr.
Mar.
Apr.
Mar.
1942
194L__
1942
19-'):2
194.2..
1%?Food Group
113.9
161.0
155.0
101.7
Cereal preparations ..........
120.7
115.5
117.7
161.4
169.4
Condensed and evaporated milk.
137.3
133.4
109.6
113.5
144.4
Feeds, prepared............... .
144.2
105.4
117.9
114.9
Paper and Printing Group
129.9
172.9
Paper bags......................
163.4
130.4
115.0
126.0
118.5
Envelopes ................ ...... .
135.5
137.5
118.5
117.6 ; 112.0
Paper goods, not elsewhere
124.7
147.1
classified.
147.2
123.7
117.7
124.2
143.3
121.5
Bookbinding...................... . . 107.8
105.9
141.8
109.2
107.4
107.9
98.7
107.2
Lithographing................. ......
96.4
98.1
Chemical, Petroleum, & Coal Products
Ammunition..........................
1/
1/
1/
1/
1/
1/
160.9
203.4
135.7
Compressed and liquefied gases..... 155.8
154.4
208.6
Perfumes and cosmetics....... .
99.5
117.4
116.1
102.4
100.8
99.4
159.7
Coke-oven products....... ......... 121.6
125.6
11*5.8
155.0
122.0
Paving materials........ ..... .... 86.9
113.3
102.2
97.2
112.0
88.1
Roofing mate rials.................. 121.8
150.9
136.0
123.3
121.5
159.6
Mi sc e 1lane ous G roup
Chemical fire extinguishers........
l/
1/
1/
1/
V
l/
Buttons........................... .. 122.1
171.3
174.1
129.6
122.2
111.9
Instruments, professional,
scientific, and commercial....-,...
1/
1/
1/
1/
Optical goods................. ......
-L/
V
V
1/
1/
Photographic apparatus............. 130.9
131.0
177.9
175.7
128.9
113.6
Pianos, organs, and parts......... 100.0
123.4 . 127.6
129.3
108.1
123.1
Toys, games, and playground
equipment.......................... 121.1
157.7
122.4
106.6
156.6
108.5
l/ Not available for publication.




12
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS (INCLUDING SHIP CONSTRUCTION)
FINANCED WHOLLY OR PARTIALLY FROM FULERAL ?UNDS AND ON STATE ROADS FINANCED
WHOLLY FROM STATE OR LOCAL FUITS, APRIL 1941 AND MARCH AND APRIL 1942

(in thousands)
Employment
!
Awil '
! March i April
1942
1942 } 1941
1/

Program

All Federal programs......

1,371.5 1,194.6

Financed by regular Federal
Appropriations 2/............. 1,278.8 1,099.3
1,156.2
995.9
Other........
Public housing........ .........

Financed by R.F.C. ^,/..........
Other.......................... j
State roads

6/...............

New roads............... .

-L

200,505

95,004

142.7

18,84-3

169,544
14,710

72.9
i
.3 :i 11.0

5,879

6,106

9,100

61

121

1,338

370

164

V

8,665
8,419
246

8,033
7,839

1,135
861

194

274

13,368

11-,760

lj-,ol2

2,949

2,210

2,529

10,419

9,550

9,283

1.8 1
1

y

45 .6
// ^ !

7 .5
5.2

1..2!!
i

2.3

1 OQ O i[ 145.5
; 2.46.3
r
* it
!
; 36.9
27.91 34.6

Maintenance................... ; 109.4
1
i-- -- -

$234,328 $198,678 $121,297

i
i
109,724

47.1

^ 44*9

April
1941

134,254

42.6

46.2

' March
1942

219,353

103.4

.......... 1
*A
!
Defense Public Works <^/......... !____

April
1942
1/

749.7
607.0

122.6

Financed by P.W.A.

841.1

Pay rolls

102.0;! 110.9
!
!

14,720

l/ Preliminary.
2/ Employment data represent the weekly average; pay-roll data are for the month
ending the 15th except data for Federal-aid roads which are for the calendar
month. Data for Federal-aid roads for April 1942 are estimated.
2/ Includes all Federal housing projects including those formerly under the United
States Housing Authority.
Employment data represent the weekly average 3 pay-roll data arc for the month
ending on the 15th.
J5/ Program not in operation.
6/ Data are for the calendar month. Employment data represent the average number
working during the month. Data for April 1942 are estimated.




13

m C M Y M E N T .AND PAY ROLLS IN REGULAR FEDERAL SERVICES
APRIL 1941 AND MARCH AND APRIL 1942
(In thousands)
Pay rolls

Employment
Service

April
1942
1/

March
1942

April
1941

April
1942
1/

March
1942

April
194I

2,034# 2 1,926.1 1,251.3 $327,119 $309,765 $189,213
Inside District of Columbia...

238.8

.172.9

43,039

Outside District of Columbia.. 1,785.1 1,687.3 1,078.4

284,080

249.1

Legislative.....................

6.5

6.3

6.0

1,380

Judicial........ ........

2.7

2.6

2.5

670

41.259
268,506

29,426
159,787

1,369 ___ 1,320
672

641

l/ Preliminary.
2/ Data for April 1942 include 211,882 force-account employees also included under
construction projects, and 16,322 supervisory and technical employees also
included under C.C.C. Employment data are for the last pay period of the
month, payroll data for the calendar month.
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS ON WORK-RELIEF PROGRAMS
APRIL 1941 AND MARCH AND APRIL 1942
(in thousands)
Employment
Program

1!?.P . . p r o e c t s

..............

April '
March
1942
1942
2/

866.7
305.6
561.1
446.0
233.0
Student work program .........
Out-of-school work program. ... 208.0
Civilian Conservation Corps j>/..
97.1 i

963.5
317.8
645.7
471.4
248.1
223.3
116.3

April
1941

April
1942
1/

1,621.6 $57,600
453.7 20,100
1,167.9 37,500
6,810
905.7
480.4 1,648
5,162
425.3
266.6
5,084

Pay rolls
!
!
April
March
1942
1941

$62,909 $95,022
20,513
V
42,396
y
11,856
7,152
1 ^ 8 1 ' 3,369
8,437
5,471
5,846
12,339

j
l/ Preliminary.
2/ Pay-roll data represent disbursements made during the calendar month, employment
data represent the weekly average.
3/ Break-down not available.
4/ Employment data are for the last pay period of the month. Pay-roll data for the
calendar month.
5/ Employment represents for enrolled personnel, an average of counts taken at
10-day intervals, and for other groups, the number employed on the last day
of the month. Pay-roll data are for the calendar month.