Full text of Employment and Payrolls : March 1937
The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
Serial No. K". 554
fit*
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Isador Lubin, Commissioner
Employment and Pay Rolls
March 1937
+
Prepared by
Division of Employment Statistics
LEWIS E. TALBERT, Chief
and
Division of Construction and Public Employment
HERMAN B. BYER, Chief
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1937
CONTENTS
Summary of employment reports for March 1937:
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
Detailed reports for March 1937:
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
Pag8
1
5
8
24
Tables
TABLE 1.—All manufacturing Industries combined and nonmanufacturing
industries—employment, pay rolls, and weekly earnings,
March 1937
TABLE 2.—Federal employment and pay rolls—summary, February and
March 1937
TABLE 3.—Value of material orders placed on projects financed wholly or
partially from Federal funds and number of man-months of
labor created in final fabrication of materials purchased for
first quarter of 1937, the first quarter of 1936, and the last
quarter of 1936
TABLE 4.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, March 1937
TABLE 5.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—revised
employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, January 1937_ _
TABLE 6.—All manufacturing industries combined and the durable- and
nondurable-goods groups—indexes of employment and pay
rolls, January 1936 to March 1937
TABLE 7.—Selected nonmanufacturing industries—indexes of employment and pay rolls, January 1936 to March 1937
TABLE 8.—Geographic divisions and States—comparison of employment
and pay rolls in identical establishments in February and
March 1937
TABLE 9.—Principal cities—comparison of employment and pay rolls in
identical establishments in February arid March 1937
TABLE 10.—Executive service of the Federal Government—employment
in March 1937, February 1937, and March 1936
TABLE 11.—Executive service of the Federal Government—monthly record
of employment from March 1936 to March 1937, inclusive.
TABLE 12.—Construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
March 1937, by type of project
TABLE 13.—Construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds—summary of employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked, from July 1933 to March 1937, inclusive
TABLE 14.—Projects financed by The Works Program—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked, March 1937, by type of
project
(in)
5
7
8
9
15
20
20
22
24
26
26
27
29
29
IV
Page
TABLE 15.—National Youth Administration and Student-Aid projects
financed by The Works Program—employment, pay rolls,
and man-hours worked, March 1937
TABLE 16.—Projects financed by The Works Program—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked from the beginning of the program in July 1935 to March 1937, inclusive
TABLE 17.—National Youth Administration and Student-Aid projects
financed by The Works Program—employment, pay rolls,
and man-hours worked from the beginning of the projects
to March 1937, inclusive
TABLE 18.—Emergency conservation work—employment and pay rolls,
February and March 1937
TABLE 19.—Emergency conservation work—employment and pay rolls
from March 1936 to March 1937, inclusive
TABLE 20.—Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, March 1937, by type of project
TABLE 21.—Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation—summary of employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked, from March 1936 to March 1937, inclusive..
TABLE 22.—Construction projects financed from regular governmental
appropriations—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, March 1937, by type of project
TABLE 23.—Construction projects financed from regular governmental
appropriations—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, from March 1936 to March 1937, inclusive
TABLE 24.—Construction and maintenance of State roads—employment
and pay-roll disbursements, from March 1936 to March
1937, inclusive
TABLE 25.—Construction projects financed by Federal funds—value of
material orders placed for the first quarter of 1937, by type
of material
TABLE 26.—Federal, professional, technical, and clerical projects financed
by The Works Program—value of material orders placed
for the first quarter of 1937, the first quarter of 1936, and
the last quarter of 1936
TABLE 27.—Rentals and services on projects operated by the Works
Progress Administration from July 1935 to December 1936,
inclusive, and for the first quarter of 1937
TABLE 28.—Value of public contracts awarded for materials from September 28, 1936, through December 1936 and the first quarter
of 1937
30
31
32
32
33
33
34
35
35
36
37
39
40
40
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
Summary of Reports for March 1937
APPROXIMATELY 330,000 more employees were on the pay
JCX, rolls of the manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries
surveyed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in March than in February.
Weekly wage disbursements in March were $14,700,000 greater than
the previous month. With a single exception (January 1937) employment gains have been shown each month since February 1936, and
with but two exceptions (July 1936 and January 1937) increases in
weekly pay rolls have been reported each month since January 1936.
Comparing March 1936 with March 1937, nearly 1,670,000 workers
were added to the pay rolls of the industrial establishments covered
by the Bureau's monthly surveys. Wage disbursements were
$68,000,000 greater than in March of last year.
In addition to the employment gains in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in March, 2,579 workers (exclusive of
executives and officers) were added to the pay rolls of class I railroads
during the month, according to a preliminary report by the Interstate
Commerce Commission.
Increases in employment were reported in the executive, judicial,
legislative, and military services of the Federal Government. Public
employment reports in March showed that there was virtually no
change in the number of employees working on construction projects
financed by the Public Works Administration. Seasonal influences
were reflected in the gain in the number of workers employed on
construction projects financed by regular governmental appropriations
and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. The downward trend
in employment on Federal projects under The Works Program and on
projects operated by the Works Progress Administration continued.
A sharp decrease occurred on the emergency conservation program.
This decrease was caused by the end of an enlistment period.
Industrial and Business Employment
INCREASES in employment from February to March were reported
by 78 of the 89 manufacturing industries covered and pay-roll gains
were indicated by 79 industries. For all manufacturing industries
combined, employment and pay rolls in March rose 2.1 and 5,5 per-
(1)
cent, respectively, representing increases of 177,000 in the number of
wage earners and $10,900,000 in weekly wage disbursements. These
gains brought the indexes of employment and pay rolls to the highest
levels reached since November 1929.
Compared with March 1936, factory employment shows an increase
of 15.0 percent and pay rolls an increase of 30.3 percent. These percentage gains indicate that 1,109,000 workers have been added to
factory pay rolls and weekly wage disbursements have increased
$47,900,000 since March 1937.
Wage-rate increases contributed to the large pay-roll gains, 405,356
factory workers having received increases between February 15 and
March 15 according to returns from cooperating establishments
employing 4,899,958 workers. As the survey covers only approximately 55.0 percent of all factory workers and as some firms in the
reporting sample may have failed to report wage-rate changes, the
foregoing figure does not represent all raises that have occurred
during the month interval.
A seasonal expansion in factory employment and pay rolls is expected in March, as employment gains for this month have been
recorded in 15 of the preceding 18 years for which data are available
and pay rolls have risen in 14 years. With but few exceptions, however, the current gains were more pronounced than the March gains
reported in preceding years.
Among the manufacturing industries which reported large seasonal
employment gains were fertilizers (41.4 percent), agricultural implements (10.6 percent), sawmills (9.9 percent), cement (9.1 percent),
millineiy (8.6 percent), marble-granite-slate (7.7 percent), brick-tileterra cotta (5.9 percent), and beverages (5.7 percent). Smaller seasonal gains were reported in industries related to building construction, among them being plumbers' supplies (4.8 percent), steam and
hot-water heating apparatus (3.2 percent), structural metal work
(3.3 percent), millwork (2.9 percent), and glass (2.2 percent). The
gain of 9.4 percent in the rubber boot and shoe industry was due
primarily to a resumption of operations following the settlement of
strikes. Large increases reflecting further industrial improvement
were reported in railroad-car building (11.7 percent), shipbuilding
(8.3 percent), locomotives (7.6 percent), lighting equipment (7.3
percent), and wirework (5.9 percent).
Other industries of major importance reporting employment gains
were automobiles (3.3 percent); machine tools (3.2 percent); blast
furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills (3.1 percent); women's clothing
(2.6 percent); foundries and machine shops (2,3 percent); electrical
machinery, apparatus, and supplies (1.7 percent); and men's clothing
(1.6 percent).
Among the 11 industries reporting declines in employment were
cottonseed oil, cake, and meal (16.2 percent), and radios and phonographs (4.5 percent). Both of these recessions were seasonal. In
addition, there was a decline of 13.1 percent in the rubber-tire industry,
chiefly because of strikes.
The 16 nonmanufacturing industries surveyed showed a net gain
between February and March of 154,000 workers and an increase of
$3,800,000 in weekly pay rolls. Wage-rate increases affecting 53,480
employees were reported by cooperating nonmanufacturing firms. Of
this number, 15,160 were in metal mines and 23,842 were in the telephone and telegraph and electric light and power industries.
As in manufacturing, employment and pay-roll gains were widespread, only one of the industries (anthracite mining) having reported
an employment decline and only two industries (anthracite mining
and insurance) having reported decreases in pay rolls. Spring purchasing combined with Easter trade accounted largely for the gain of
130,000 or 3.9 percent in retail-trade employment. The general
merchandising group (department stores, variety, and general merchandising stores, and mail-order houses) showed a seasonal gain of
6.8 percent, or 52,000 workers. A sharp seasonal gain was also shown
in retail apparel stores (13.3 percent) and gains ranging from 1.2
to 2.0 percent were shown in retail drugs, hardware, automobiles,
and lumber and building materials. Dyeing and cleaning plants
reported a sharp seasonal expansion in employment (6.4 percent)
and quarries and nonmetallic mines also showed a seasonal gain (5.2
percent). The employment gain of 5.0 percent in metal mining
raised the March index for this industry to 73.1, the highest level
since October 1930, and indicates an increase of 155.6 percent
from the low point recorded in August 1932. The private building
construction industry showed a seasonal expansion of 2.3 percent in
employment and bituminous-coal mines reported a gain of 1.3 percent, the index for the latter industry exceeding the level of any
month since April 1931. Employment in wholesale trade showed a
gain of less than 0.1 percent, the losses in several seasonal lines of
wholesale activity having offset the gains reported in dry goods and
apparel, food products, groceries, hardware, chemicals, and drugs,
and a number of other important branches of wholesale trade. Among
the larger gains in various lines of wholesale trade was an increase of
4.6 percent in the iron and steel scrap business which reflects activity
resulting from the increased price for this type of material.
According to a preliminary report by the Interstate Commerce
Commission, class I railroads employed 1,089,446 workers (exclusive
of executives and officials) in March as compared with 1,086,867 in
February, a gain of 0.2 percent. Corresponding pay-roll information
for March was not available at the time this report was prepared.
Wage disbursements for February, however, amounted to $147,207,372, a decrease of 4.1 percent in comparison with January when the
payments aggregated $153,438,897.
Hours and earnings.—Average hours worked per week by factory
wage earners showed an increase of 1.3 percent between February
and March and average hourly earnings increased 2.1 percent. The
March averages, based on man-hour data supplied by cooperating
establishments were 41.0 hours and 61.3 cents, respectively. Average
weekly earnings in March for both full- and part-time factory wage
earners ($25.54) were 3.3 percent higher than in the preceding month.
Of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries for which man-hour data
are available, 12 showed gains in average hours worked per week and
8 reported increased hourly earnings. Higher average weekly earnings were reported by 11 of the 16 industries covered.
Table 1 presents a summary of employment and pay-roll indexes
and average weekly earnings in March 1937 for all manufacturing
industries combined, for selected nonmanufacturing industries, and
for class I railroads, with percentage changes over the month and
year intervals except in the few industries for which certain items
cannot be computed. The indexes of employment and pay rolls for
the manufacturing industries are based on the 3-year average 1923-25
as 100, and for the nonmanufacturing industries on the 12-month
average of 1929 as 100. The information for the manufacturing
industries, mining, laundries, dyeing, and cleaning, and building
construction covers wage earners only. For crude-petroleum producing, it covers wage earners and clerical field force. The figures for
public utilities, trade, hotels, brokerage, and insurance cover all
employees, including executives.
Table 1.—Employment, Pay Rolls, and Earnings in All Manufacturing Industries
Combined and in Nonmanufacturing Industries, March 1937
Employment
Percentage
change from—j
Industry
Index
March
1937
Febru- March
ary
1936
Percentage
change from—
Index
March
1937
Febru- March
ary
1937
(192825=
All manufacturing industries com- 100)
bined i
101.1 +2.1 +15.0
Class I steam railroads 2_
.-. 61.7 +.5 +7.9
(1929=
Coal mining:
100)
Anthracite
48.9 -7.3
Bituminous
85.9 +1.3 +6.8
Metalliferous mining
73.1 +5.0 +30.8
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining. 49.1 +5.2 +16.3
Crude-petroleum producing
74.3 +1.1 +4.8
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph
75.4
+.8 +7.3
Electric light and power and
92.2
manufactured gas
+.2 +6.2
Electric-railroad and motorbus
operation and maintenance.. 72.6 +.2 +2.1
Trade:
92.1 +() +7.6
Wholesale
88.5 +3.9 +8.1
Ketail
.
100.3 +6.8 +10.3
General merchandising
Other than general mer85.4 +3.0 +7.3
chandising
86.9
Hotels (year-round)»
+.6 +4.9
+.2 +8.1
Laundries
88.7
Dyeing and cleaning.-.
81.1 +6.4 +8.5
+6.3
+.7
Brokerage
()
+(4) +1.4
Insurance
+2.3 +24.0
Building construction
Average weekly
earnings
Pay roll
Average in
March
1937
1937
(192825=
100)
101.1 +5.5
(3)
(3)
(1929=
100)
37.8 -7.9
88.4 +7.3
70.6 +11.4
41.3 +9.4
63.7
75.0
70.5
87.6
67.0
72.7
77.5
61.7
1
2 Revised and adjusted to Census of Manufactures totals for
3 Preliminary—Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
4 Not available.
5 Less than Mo of 1 percent.
+.7
+1.2
+3.9
+5.6
+3.4
+.3
+1.5
+13.0
+1.0
-4.6
+2.4
Febru- March
ary
1936
1937
+30.3
(3)
-11.2
+26.0
+56.3
+33.7
+13.8
-.2
+12.6
+5.7
+10.1
94.5
+1.3
69.2
Percentage
change from—
$25. 54 +3.3
(3)
(3)
22.51
26.22
30.57
21.11
32.15
30.84
33.15
+2.0
31.24
+8.7
+11.0
+13.3
28.92
21.35
18.24
+10.4
+10.2
+10.8
+9.4
+12.3
+5.9
+41.8
23.87
14.43
16.41
18.76
38.89
39.24
27.93
+13.3
(3)
-.7
-4.6
+6.0 +17.9
+6.0 +19.5
+4.0 +15.0
-1.3 +8.5
+4.8 +4.9
+1.1 +3.7
+.5
-.1
+1.2 +1.0
-(*)
+2.7
-1.1
+2.7
+.4 +2.9
- . 3 +5.0
+1.3 +2.5
+6.1
+.8
+.3 +5.7
-4.6 +4.4
+.1 +14.8
1933.
Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
Public Employment
EMPLOYMENT on construction projects financed from Public Works
Administration funds showed no significant change during March.
The total number of workers employed on these projects was 174,000,
a decrease of less than 1 percent compared with the 175,000 employed
in February. The number of workers employed on Federal and nonFederal projects financed from funds provided by the National
Industrial Recovery Act remained virtually the same. A small
decrease occurred, however, in the number employed on projects
financed from funds provided by the Emergency Relief Appropriation
Acts of 1935 and 1936. Pay-roll disbursements for March on all
projects financed by the Public Works Administration totaled
$13,354,000.
A substantial increase was reported in the number of workers
employed on construction projects financed from regular governmental
143861—37
2
appropriations in March. During the month 120,000 employees were
working on construction projects. This was an increase of 7,000 or
6.6 percent compared with February. The sharp decrease in employment on miscellaneous projects and small decreases in the number
of workers on building construction, naval vessels, and streets and
roads were offset by increases on all other types of projects. The
most significant percentage increase occured on electrification projects.
Marked percentage increases in employment were also reported for
public roads and river, harbor, and flood control. Forestry, reclamation, and water and sewerage projects also registered increases. Total
pay-roll disbursements in March amounted to $11,848,000.
In March 8,000 wage earners were employed on projects financed
by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. This was an increase
of approximately 400 or 5 percent compared with the number working
in February. All of this gain was reported on water and sewerage
projects, and employment on other types of projects, i. e., bridges,
building construction, and miscellaneous, remained virtually the same.
The employment on reclamation projects dropped from 33 in February to 17 in March. Total pay-roll disbursements of $929,000 were
7 percent greater than in February.
The number of wage earners employed on projects financed by The
Works Program was 2,973,000. This was a decrease of 18,000 compared with the preceding month. Of this total, 250,000 were working
on Federal projects; 2,105,000 on that part of the program operated
by the Works Progress Administration, and 618,000 on National
Youth Administration work projects and Student-Aid. Total payroll disbursements amounted to $133,649,000.
In the regular agencies of the Federal Government, increases were
reported for the executive, judicial, legislative, and military services.
The increase in the level of employment for the executive service was
less than 1 percent in March as compared with February, but was
3.1 percent higher than in March a year ago. Of the 830,000 employees in the executive service in March, 713,000 were working outside
the District of Columbia and 117,000 were employed in the District.
The most pronounced increases in number of workers in the executive
departments of the Federal Government occurred in the Post Office
Department and in the Department of Agriculture. The Home
Owners, Loan Corporation and the Interior Department reported
moderate decreases in the number of workers employed.
Due to the end of an enlistment period employment in emergency
conservation work declined sharply during March. Total employment on this program amounted to 307,000, a drop of 87,000 or 22.1
percent compared with February. Virtually all of this decrease was
shown in enrolled personnel. The number of reserve officers and
educational advisers remained the same, and more than 1,000 super
visory and technical employees were added to the pay roll. Pay-roll
disbursements totaled $15,770,000, a decrease of 13.9 percent during
March.
A total of 131,000 workers were employed during March on the
construction and maintenance of roads financed wholly from State
funds. This was a moderate decrease compared with the 132,000
workers employed in February. Of the total number employed 91.0
percent were engaged in maintenance work and the remaining 9.0
percent were working on new construction. Pay-roll disbursements
for the month totaled $8,334,000.
A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll statistics for
February and March is given in table 2.
Table 2.—Summary of Federal Employment and Pay Rolls, March 1937 x
[Preliminary figures]
Pay roll
Employment
Class
March
1937
Percentage
February change
1937
Federal service:
s 829, 582 826,721
Executive: 2
1,995
1,919
Judicial
5,044
5,060
Legislative
Military
316,160 « 314,216
Construction projects:
373,574
174,990
Financed by P. W. A.»«
Financed by R. F. C.7
7,696
7,299
Financed by regular governmental
132, 770
120,175
appropriations
Federal projects under The Works
249,690
Program
267, 525
2,104,938 2,125, 742
Projects operated by W. P. A
National Youth Administration:
191, 569 189, 228
Work projects
426, 666 408,055
Student-Aid
Relief work:
Emergency conservation
8
307,337
394,521
work
+0.3
+4.0
+.3
+.6
March
1937
February
1937
$128, 244,418
525, 722
1,188, 663
23,462,794
$126,530,725
477,950
1,185,405
* 22,866, 765
+5.4
+6.6
13,353,904
929,032
13, 796, 390
864,776
11,847, 783
10,904, 648
-6.7
-1.0
12, 504,895
114, 688,415
13,024,133
115, 544,451
+1.2
+4.6
3, 224,944
3,230, 513
3, 239, 694
3,110,991
-22.1
15,770,090
18, 314, 594
Percentage
change
+1.4
+10.0
+.3
+2.6
-3.2
+7.4
+8.6
-4.0
-.7
-.5
+3.8
-13.9
1
Includes data on projects financed wholly or partially from Federal funds.
2 Includes employees of Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Howard University.
Includes 16 employees by transfer previously reported as separations, not actual additions for March.
4 Revised.
« Data covering P. W. A. projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 and 1936 funds are included. These
data are not shown under The Works Program.
e Includes 113,930 wage earners and $8,254,306 pay roll for March; 115,214 wage earners and $8,428,606 pay
roll7 for February covering P. W. A. projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 and 1936 funds.
Includes 55 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $2,111 for March and 20 employees and pay-roll
disbursements
of $1,075 for February on projects financed by RFC Mortgage Co.
8
Includes 39,829 employees and pay roll of $5,482,134 for March and 39,252 employees and pay roll of
$5,440,943 for February included in executive service.
3
The value of material orders placed on projects financed wholly or
partially from Federal funds during the first quarter of 1937 amounted
to $243,214,000. It is estimated that approximately 687,000 manmonths of labor were created in the final fabrication of these materials,
exclusive of rentals and services on projects operated by W. P. A,
In the corresponding quarter of 1936 the value of material orders
placed amounted to $181,091,000 and 634,000 man-months of labor
were created in final fabrication. During the last quarter of 1936
material orders valued at $332,162,000 were placed and 951,000 manmonths of labor were created in final fabrication.
8
Table 3 shows the value of material orders placed on the various
programs financed by Federal funds during the first quarter of 1937,
the first quarter of 1936, and the last quarter of 1936 and the manmonths of employment created in the final fabrication of the materials
used.
Table 3.—Value of Material Orders Placed on Projects Financed Wholly or
Partially From Federal Funds and Number of Man-Months of Labor Created
in Final Fabrication of Materials Purchased
[Subject to revision]
Value of material orders placed
Program
First quarter of 1937
All projects.
First quarter of 1936
Last quarter of 1936
$243, 214, 296 $181,090,676 $332,161, 775
P. W. A.i
R. F. C.J
Regular3 governmental appropriations __.Federal projects under The Works
Program:
Construction
Professional, technical, and clerical
Projects operated by W. P. A
Rentals and services on projects operated by W. P . A.._
National Youth Administration:
Work projects
Man-months of labor
created in final fabrication
First
quarter
of 1937
Last
First
quarter quarter
of 1936 of 1936
686, 550 634,069
950,826
259, 602 342,102
12,034
17,034
66, 561,476
4,486, 462
75,325, 963
4,177, 279
98, 867, 507 232, 634
5, 739, 795 12, 458
38,163, 221
19, 535, 879
52, 737, 673 123,130
59,528
167, 668
21, 535, 585
26, 499, 288
32, 400, 924
72,068
88,068
102, 279
290,884
65, 665, 275
202, 211
55, 350,056
347, 609
90, 236,094
1,021
243,900
795
214,042
1,276
319,145
46,150,914
51, 458, 431
360,479
373, 742
1,339
1,322
1
Data covering P. W. A. projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 and 1936 funds are included. These
data
are not shown under The Works Program.
2
Includes R F C Mortgage Co. Does not include projects for which contracts were awarded before March
15,3 1934.
Does not include projects for which contracts were awarded before July 1, 1934.
* Data not available.
Detailed Reports for March 1937
Industrial and Business Employment
M
ONTHLY reports on employment and pay rolls in industrial
and business industries are now available for the following
groups: 89 manufacturing industries; 16 nonmanufacturing industries,
including building construction; and class I steam railroads. The
reports for the first two of these groups—manufacturing and nonmanufacturing—are based on sample surveys by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, and in virtually all industries the samples are large enough
to be entirely representative. The figures on class I steam railroads
are compiled by the Interstate Commerce Commission and are presented in the foregoing summary.
Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in March 1937
THE indexes of employment and pay rolls, average hours worked
per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings in
manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in March 1937 are
shown in table 4. Percentage changes from February 1937 and March
1936 are also given.
Table 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, March 1937
Man ufactur in g
[Indexes are based on 3-year average 1923-25=100 and are adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures]
Percentage
change from—
Industry
AH manufacturing industries*
Durable goods*
Nondurable goods
March
1937
+5.5 +30.3
+8.1 +39.3
+2.7
+20.8
5. 54
+3.1 +15. 0
+3.4 +20.3
+10.4
101.1
+24.8
+26.2
+27.9
+17.3
79.7
113.0
74.2
100.2
+3.3
+3.1
+1.7
+2.9
+1.4
+2.2
+3.2
+4.8
+3.2
+4.5
+3.3
+1.8
+31.0
+20.0
+29.2
+8.6
+8.4
+7.3
+2.3
+7.4
84.1
+4.2
72.1
+5.7
116.6 +29.5
80.4 +17.6
78.6
+5.1
102.4
+5.9
72.2
+7.0
104.2
+4.9
102.0
186.5
+2.2
+5.9
+28.4
+28.2
110.9
180.3
+1.5
+15.6
96.4
106.1
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery *
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills.. Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets..
Cast-iron pipe
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools
Forgings, iron and steel
Hardware*
Plumbers' supplies
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings
Stoves
Structural and ornamental metalwork.
Tin cans and other tinware
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws)
Wirework.__
Footnotes at end of table.
106.8
117.1
90.2
69.1
89.4
72.7
100.1
95.7
+.9
+13.8
+28.4
+28.6
+12.9
100.0
102.6
112.6
127.2
108.2
55.5
Average hours worked
per week i
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Index,
Index,
March
March
1937 Febru1937 FebruMarch
March
ary
ary
1936
1936
1937
1937
101.1
.
Average weekly
earnings *
Pay rolls
Employment
Febru- March
ary
1936
1937
Average hourly
earnings -i
Percentage
change from—
March
1937
Febru- March
ary
1936
1937
Percentage
change from—
March
1937
Febru- March
ary
1936
1937
Cents
61.3
41.0
+1.3
+6.1
28.78
21.98
+3.3 +13.3
+4.5 +15.9
+1.8 +9.5
42.4
39.6
+1.6
+.9
+6.1
+5.8
67.0
55.4
+3.0
+.7
+49.3
+53.0
+56.7
+45.5
+30.0
+49.1
+57.6
+30,3
30.07
32.45
27.79
21. 56
+4.9
+4.1
+.6
+4.4
43.2
43.5
44.9
40.7
+2.2
+1.3
-.8
+1.9
+2.9
+2.9
+1.4
+2.1
+2.8
+3.5
+25.5
+12.2
56.5
68.9
61.1
60.1
+1.3
+2.5
+9.6
+3.2
+60.6
+30.3
+55.9
+14.8
28.46
26.63
-27. 38
23.05
+1.8
+1.3
+3.6
+2.9
+22. 5
+8.4
+20.7
+5.7
44.5
42.5
43.0
40.6
64.0
62.4
63.8
57.2
+40.8
+37.5
25.42
24. 59
-.7
+9.1
+9.7
+8.4
45.1
40.7
+7.1
+6.7
+13.5
+16.6
+2.1 +9.1
+.9
+8.3
+15.0 +10.0
+8.8 +9.3
+.4 +12.1
-.3
+4.8
+1.9 +13.2
+1.0 +1.5
-2.1 +4.6
+.6
+5.2
69.0
74.8
61.9
52.2
23.89
30.86
26,31
26.03
19.6
+21.1
+22.5
+24.0
+14.2
+16.2
+22.5
+15. 5
+1.6
+.6
+1.7
+1.9
+1.5
+3.6
43.3
44.9
43.3
43.3
56.3
60.4
+7.2
+8.6
+4.5
+10.5
+12.9
+ 7.8
+4.1
+4.7
+7.3
+11.2
+5,5
+9.6
+3.1
+7.2
+3.8
+5.0
+7.7
Table 4.-—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, March 1937—Continued
Manufactu rin g
Pay rolls
Employment
Industry
Average weekly
earnings !
Percentage
change from—
Index,
March
1937 FebruFebru- March
March
ary
ary
1936
1936
1937
1937
March
+3.3
+10.6
$38.51
27.66
+3.8
+5.1
33.17
27.82
31.03
28.99
32.45
20.36
28.39
26.76
33.43
27, 89
33.25
27.49
29.39
30.34
*30.33
29.50
30.45
36.18
26.35
29.06
23.05
23.47
26.58
25.54
27.33
22.99
+5.0
+2.8
+2.5
+3.8
+3.9
+7.1
-.4
+6.7
+5.5
+3.1
+5.0
+6.2
+2.0
+9.5
+3.8
+2.4
+2.9
+5.3
+5.4
+4.2
+6.5
+4.6
+13.1
+5.5
+6.1
+1.5
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Index,
March
1937
Average hours worked
per week i
1937
Febru- March
ary
1936
1937
Average hourly
earnings *
Percentage
change from—
March
1937
Percentage
change from—
March
Febru- March
ary
1936
1937
1937
Febru- March
ary
1936
1937
Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, not including transportation
equipment
Agricultural implements
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppliesEngines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels..
Foundry and machine-shop products
Machine tools
Radios and phonographs . .
Textile machinery and partsType writers and parts
.
Transportation equipment.
Aircraft..
Automobiles
....
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad,
Locomotives.
_
Shipbuilding
Railroad repair shops
Electric railroad..
Steam railroad
Nonferrous metals and their products
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products.
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices.
Jewelry
Lighting equipment
Silverware and plated ware
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and z i n c .
Stamped and enameled ware
m.3
131.5
130.5
111.2
139.8
106.8
142.8
163.0
84.9
152.8
m.o
790,8
131.6
70.2
54.2
106.8
63.3
64.0
62.1
114.6
124.2
124.1
122.1
88.6
103.8
73.8
81.1
165.3
+2.6
+ 1.7
+3.6
+2.3
+3.2
-4.5
+2.8
+4.3
+4.3
+4.6
43.3
+11.7
+7.6
+8.3
+1.0
+1.1
+1.1
+3.8
+1.6
+1.9
+1.6
+.1
+7.3
+2.7
+2.8
+3.9
+35.1
+2.1
+13.0
+35.4
+15.5
+26.6
+29.2
+6.0
+20.4
+36.2
+ 19.9
+54.0
+16. 9
+41. 4
+104.3
+15.2
+7.3
+3.0
+7.6
+31.1
+19.1
+25.6
+16.3
+18.7
+43.0
+13.6
+4.5
+22.8
135.5
162.1
140.3
112.1
139.2
111.6
152.7
127.1
89.6
153.2
133.6
703.4
132.2
79.1
40.8
116.0
65.8
67.1
65.9
111.8
130.4
127.8
120.2
69.2
109.3
67.9
75.2
163.2
+6.3 +44.6
+16.2 +12.7
+7.8 +31.8
+4.5 +54.2
+6.2 +30.4
+6.3 +48.0
+7.3 +49.2
+2.3 +21.2
+2.4 +36.4
+11.3 +63.8
+10.1 +43.1
+7.8 +67.4
+8.5 +40.0
+18.6 +72.0
+9.7 +159. 6
+18.6 +27.7
+8.0
+3.8
+5.4
+3.5
+8.3
+4.0
+8.0 +44.1
+7.1 +39.9
+6.3 +59.7
+8.2 +31.8
+4.7 +36.9
+21.6 +77.1
+8.3 +33.5
+9.1 +21.2
+5.4 +34.3
+15.5
+11.0
+16.7
+14.0
+13.9
+17.0
+15.5
+14.2
+13.5
+20.3
+18.4
+5.6
+19.8
+22.5
+27.1
+10.8
+0.8
+2.4
+.6
+19.0
+17.4
+27.1
+13.3
+15.3
+23.8
+17.5
+16.1
+9.5
43.3
41.7
+1.5
+3.0
+7.4
+1.4
Cents
65.8
66.6
42.7
41.7
41.4
44.9
46.9
36.5
45.6
44.1
39.3
45.3
38.9
41.0
43.8
38.1
44.3
44.7
44.2
43.6
43.0
43.7
43.0
39.3
42.4
41.8
42.7
42.0
+1.1
+1.1
+1.3
+1.5
+7.5
-1.8
+2.5
+.4
+3.2
-.7
+3.8
+1.2
+7.2
+3.3
+2.6
+3.3
+1.6
+1.5
+.1
+2.4
+2.3
+7.1
+5.3
+2.5
-.2
+3.3
+6.8
+3.8
+8.3
+5.6
+10.8
+6.2
+14.5
+6.7
+7.3
+5.6
+15.1
+20.6
+5.5
+.9
-1.1
+1.1
+7.3
+5.6
+10.5
+7.3
+11.8
+12.1
+14.9
+1.6
78.4
66.4
75.1
64.6
69.1
56.0
62,5
60.7
83.8
62.6
85.7
67.0
67.0
79.0
68.9
64.6
69.2
61.1
61.3
66.6
53.6
59.8
63.0
61.4
63.9
54.8
.
i
+.7
+3.4
+2.4
+8.3
+9.2
+5.5
+2.3
+1.4
+2.6
+2.2
-.2
+1.4
+4.1
+4.8
+.1
+5.7
+2.3
+.8
+.3
-.3
+12.4
+7.4
+10.1
+8.6
+9.1
+3.5
+6.7
+8.4
+11.5
-2.0
+13.9
+5.4
+5.3
+4.9
-.1
+3.4
-.3
+10.9
+11.7
+15.2
+6.6
+3.5
+10.8
+.8
+14.2
+9.3
+.2
-.3
+3.4
+3.8
+4.2
+4.0
+2.6
+6.0
+.6
+3.5
+1.4
Lumber and allied products
Furniture..
_
Lumber:
Millwork
Sawmills
Stone, clay, and glass products
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
Cement..
Glass
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
Pottery
69.8
87.5
56.7
52.3
70.3
49.3
63.5
110.1
40.4
81.1
64.6
76.9
+28.4
+39.5
+40.1
+18.7
+37.1
+51.9
+59. 2
+31.3
+29.4
+23.5
20.78
20.81
+3.1 +20.4
+23. 9
+4". 7 +51. 5
+1.0 +34.1
+4.1 +28.1
+.6 +12.0
- 4 . 7 + 16.9
+.3 +12.9
-.9
+ 20.1
- 3 . 9 +21.6
+9.4 +15.0
+6.9 +15.7
+10.4 +13.7
+6.1 +6.9
+8.3 +25.3
+28.4 +5.0
+9.4 +23.2
+1.7 +26.4
+1.3 +28.6
+2.6 +20.6
+2.8 +15.4
+1.8 +13.3
+11.5 +16.9
+.3 +5.8
- 7 . 8 +23.3
+.9 +12.3
-.5
+1.6
+5.2 +10.4
+3.5 +22.0
+2.7 +8.0
+22.0 +15.0
+12.7
-i.i +11.6
+12.8
18.42
17.66
23.71
15.27
18.76
22.04
26.74
17.79
16.56
20.18
20.55
21.69
22.09
17.31
15.00
26.72
14.24
21.50
20.84
24.11
23.72
24.19
32.46
21.91
16.15
17.42
24.12
27.94
25.26
26.50
28.42
15.82
17.05
15.55
+6.1
+1.6
+2.9
+9.9
+4.6
+5.9
+9.1
+2.2
+7.7
+4.6
+13.9
+22.2
+25.5
+7.2
+19.4
+29.8
+36.5
+13.7
+18.8
+9.0
+11.0
+2.5
+4.4
52.6
48.0 +20.7
66.1 +10.5
42.6 +12.2
62.5 +18.9
115.1
+7.4
33.5 +12.0
73.9
+9.3
+.9
+.2
+2.3
+.8
+10.6
+11.6
+22.2
+16.9
+16.8
+2.9
+4.5
+7.5
+8.9
+7.0
+8.8
+6.0
+8.5
+4.9
+21.5
+2.5
+17.9
+7.7
+8.6
+4.1
+8.3
+6.9
+12.7
+5.8
+14.4
+5.0
-1.4
+6.9
+10.7
+10.2
-3.3
+2.7
+1.0
+3.1
103.2
97.5
102.8
101.4
109.3
112.6
89.5
127.0
70.7
79.0
110.4
105.7
138.0
98.2
123.1
64.7
122.4
92.4
89.0
107.3
104.1
124.1
211.0
64.4
89.5
76.2
70.4
59.4
91.5
44.8
80.7
52.4
65.5
50.8
21.55
20.53
23.95
21.19
24.33
25.15
24.33
24.17
+4.8
+.8
+1.4
+9.7
+5.6
+6.0
+9.0
+5.0
+4.0
+4.6
+12.8
+14.2
+11.7
+10.8
+14.9
+17.2
+16.5
+15.3
+9.0
+13.4
43.3
43.1
+1.1
+4.9
+6.8
+9.0
+2.9
+6.4
+8.8
+7.6
+4.9
+4.5
+6.9
48.6
48.8
44.8
43.1
40.4
43.3
39.1
38.4
37.6
43.2
+1.0
+1.9
+2.8
+3.7
+5.%8
+1.9
+.6
+2.2
+2.2
+8.8
+11.0
+24.0
+14.6
+9.8
+8.8
4-11.9
+5.0
+10.2
+13.6
+5.6
+9.2
+4.7
+1.8
+3.2
+2 4
+4.4
+17.4
+18.3
+15.9
+6.7
+6.1
+3.8
— (2)
+7.7
+6.9
+3.1
+3.2
+10.1
-2.1
+18.9
+9.8
+10.6
+9.5
38.2
38.8
40.2
39.1
41.2
40.3
37.4
38.5
38.1
37.8
37.0
37.4
35.5
38.9
39.0
+6.4
+6.4
+.4 +18.0
+.3
+7.0
+1,3 +7.9
-.7
+5.6
-5.9
+1.4
+.2 +4.5
-1.7
+8.0
-1.7
+6.2
+4.4 +5.9
+4.4 +10.7
+4.1 +3.7
+2.8 +2.9
+3.2 +1.2
37.5
+3.1
+.6
- 1 . 4 +14.2
40.9
- 1 . 9 +15.0
40.9
40.9
+.8 +10.7
42.0
+.4 +3.3
43.8
+1.2 +7.7
40.7
+4.3
+.8
37.5
-6.6
+4.1
(2)
39.7
+4.8
-2.1
43.4
+.8
47.6
+2.0 +1.3
41.0
+.5 +1.4
39.8
+1.9 - 3 . 7
45.9 +20.2 +13.9
—# 1
36.7
+5.5
— 6
37.1
+3.7
36.7
o' +5.8
48.1
45.5
59.1
39.0
45.9
54.2
70.4
47.3
43.5
53.5
53.1
57.0
57.0
44.5
33.6
-.2
48.3
48.6
59.5
49.4
62.2
65.6
64.9
56.0
+4.5
+1.3
+.4
+7.8
tti
+3.0
+3.0
+3.6
+1.0
+5.8
+8.0
+2.1
+6.7
+7.3
+8.4
+8.5
+9.9
+4.4
+2.2
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products
Fabrics
Carpets and rugs
Cotton goods
Cotton small wares
Dyeing and finishing textiles
Hats, fur-felt
Knit goods
•Silk and rayon goods
__
Woolen and worsted goods
Wearing apparel
Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments
Men's furnishings
Millinery
Shirts and collars
Leather and its manufactures..
__
Boots and shoes
Leather
Pood and kindred products
Baking
Beverages
Butter
Canning and preserving
Confectionery
Flour
___
Ice cream
Slaughtering and meat packing.
__
Sugar, beet
Sugar refining, cane
Tobacco manufactures
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff
Cigars and cigarettes
Footnotes at end of table.
111.2
103.8
102.3
105.1
108.6
123.1
90.8
123.7
82.7
90.3
125.5
116.2
169.9
93.2
147.6
66.8
130.1
100.8
102.7
98.8
105.7
133.7
192.5
82.3
89.6
78.8
74.2
64.6
90.7
38.9
76.2
60.8
57.0
61.2
+1.6
+.3
+.8
+.8
*-1.2
-2.2
+2.4
+1.6
+2.6
+1.7
+3.4
+8.6
+2.8
+.9
+.8
+1.4
+.6
+1.2
+5.7
+1.8
-3.1
-.8
-.7
+4.5
-.7
+4.2
+1.2
+.5
-3.2
+1.1
i
A
-t
-.3
+2.3
+.3
+2.6
+ .3
-5.4
-.4
+.4
-1.8
+6.9
+5.1
+7.5
+4.3
+4.8
+18.3
+6.4
+.8
+.5
+1.2
+2.2
+.6
+5.4
-1.4
-4.9
+1.7
+.1
+.8
+4.2
-1.4
+20.5
-.8
+.5
-1.2
+1.1
-.4
37.5
52.6
50.9
59.1
56.5
55.8
80.7
44.7
43.6
54.9
57.6
60.8
68.6
60.8
42.8
46.2
42.4
+1.1
+.1
+1.8
0
+1.7
+.9
-1.6
— 5
+1.9
-.1
+2.4
+2.1
+2.5
+1.5
+1.3
+1.9
+1.0
+1.2
+.4
+1.2
-.4
+1.1
+2.0
+1.8
+1.3
-.8
+2.8
-.6
+.1
-1.3
+1.1
-1.6
+2.6
+4.0
+4.0
+7.2
+3.7
+2.3
+4.1
+.9
+1.9
+6.8
+.6
+2.0
0
-1.1
-2.0
+2.2
+2.7
+2.2
+4.8
+5.4
+1.5
+2.6
+7.4
+1.9
+1.6
+.6
+8.3
+2.8
+2.2
+4.7
+6.7
+4.4
Table 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, March 1937—Continued
Manufacturing
Industry
Average weekly
earnings i
Pay rolls
Employment
Average hours worked
per week l
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
change from—
change from—
change from—
change from—
change from—
Index,
Index,
March
March
March
March
March
1937
1937
1937
1937 Febru1937 FebruFebru- March
Febru- March
Febru- March
March
March
ary
ary
ary
ary
ary
1936
1936
1936
1936
1937
1937
1937
1937
1937
Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and printing
Boxes, paper
Paper and pulp
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals
Chemicals and allied products, and petrol e u m refining
Other than petroleum refining
Chemicals
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal
Druggists' preparations
Explosives
Fertilizers
Paints and varnishes
Rayon and allied products
Soap
Petroleum refining
Rubber products
Rubber boots and shoes
Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires,
and inner tubes
Rubber tires and inner tubes
Average hourly
earnings i
107.1
103.7
117.6
98.0
105.6
+1.3
+2.1
+1.3
+.6
+1.6
-4.8
+9.4
+9.8
+10.9
+16.6
-8.4
+8.9
+7.8
+10.7
+11.3
+7.9
+17.1
+5.2
+28.3
+13.5
144.2
81.2
+1.9
-13.1
+20.0
+41.8
+.8
+1.1
+.8
+6.0
+3.0
75.7
94.2
-2.0
+1.5
+.4
+1.6
+U.8
+12.6
+12.3
+14.0
+4.5
+10.3
+14.2
+9.9
+14.8
+13.1
+8.8
+16.6
+14.3
40.4
41.6
40.9
49.3
40.5
40.4
44.9
42.9
39.8
40.9
36.5
38.2
39.9
+1.4
+1.2
+.2
-2.4
-.4
+5.9
+9.9
+1.4
+1.8
-2.9
+1.6
+1.8
+1.6
+2.9
+3.5
+1.4
+9.3
+2.3
-.8
+12.4
+4.2
+2.5
+3.4
+.3
+3.7
+4.6
71.0
24.1
55.2
75.6
34.3
63.5
58.0
66.7
88.3
73.9
56.2
+1.5
+2.6
+15.1
+14.6
41.4
35.1
+2.3
-.4
+10.5
$28.21
20.93
24.88
+2.2
+1.3
+1.3
+7.4
+9.5
+13.7
41.1
43.1
43.7
94.2
103.3
30.24
36.75
+2.8
+2.9
+6.2
+4.8
138.1
128.8
140.2
58.6
121.2
97.5
127.6
133.1
349.7
123.2
125.6
99.8
72.2
+3.6
+4.0
+3.7
-12.9
+1.6
+4.8
+46.8
+4.6
+1.5
-1.0
+2.3
-4.4
+11.2
+23.6
+25.0
+30.9
+4.6
+1?.8
+18.8
+26.3
+22.4
+24.0
+32.3
+14.6
+49.6
+29.6
26.57
24.62
29.03
11.77
23.62
30.51
15.40
27.21
23.07
27.18
31.83
27.69
22.39
+1.2
+1.0
+1.7
+4.1
-.4
+8.2
+3.8
+1.9
146.0
90.4
+3.4
-10.8
+38.1
+62.6
23.36
32.57
+11.4
+2.9
+3.5
+2.9
+2.0
-16.2
+2.0
-3.2
+41.4
+2.6
Cents
71.4
49.2
56.8
+16.6
+24.4
+23.6
+18.4
+7.8
104.1
106.7
116.5
124.9
126.0
134.0
68.7
112.2
90.2
135.9
134.6
373.3
111.0
120.5
98.7
80.2
+5.5
+8.4
+5.8
40.5
37.7
+1.3
+.8
+.5
+1.5
+2.3
+3.6
+3.4
+2.6
+3.4
+4.6
+8.5
+13.6
+8.8
+.7
57.1
93.0
+0.9
+.6
+.8
+1.2
+1.0
+1.9
+1.1
+7.0
-.4
-.3
+1.6
+6.6
-1.4
()
+9.8
+10.5
+10.8
+5.7
+.6
+11.4
+2.5
+5.3
+12.2
+9.3
+9.5
+13.2
+7.7
+1.7
+.5
+6.3
+14.4
_(2)
+2.2
-5.6
+.6
+.8
2
-1.1
+( )
+.1
+2.7
Nonmanufacturing
[Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929=100]
co
§
^
I
w
I
Coalmining:
Anthracite
Bituminous
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
I
Telephone and telegraph
w
Electric light and power and manufactured
gas
Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and
maintenance
Trade:
Wholesale
Eetail**.
General merchandising **
Other than general merchandising
Hotels (year-round) 3
Laundries
Dyeing and cleaning
Brokerage
Insurance
Building construction
48.9
85.9
73.1
49.1
74.0
75.4
92.2
72.6
92.1
88.5
100.3
85.4
86.9
88.7
81.1
4
()
(4)
(4)
-7.3
-6.9
+1.3 +6.8
+5.0 +30.8
+5.2 +16.3
+.7 +4.4
+.8 +7.3
+.2 +6.2
-0.7
-4.6
+6.0
+6.0
+4.0
30.84
+4.8
+17.9
+19.5
+15.0
+9.7
+4.9
+1.3 +10.1
33.15
+1.1
+3.7
+2.0
31.24
+8.7
+11.0
+13. 3
+10.4
+10.2
+10.8
+9.4
+12.3
+5.9
+41.8
28.92
21.35
18.24
23.87
14.43
16.41
18.76
38.89
39.24
27.93
+.5
+1.2
~(2)
-1.1
+.4
-.3
+1.3
+6.1
-11.2
+26.0
+56.3
+33.7
+14.5
+12.6
94.5
+.2
+2.1
69.2
+ (2)
+7.6
+8.1
+10.3
+7.3
+4.9
+8.1
+8.5
+6.3
+1.4
+24.0
75.0
70.5
87.6
67.0
72.7
77.5
61.7
4
+3.9
+6.8
+3.0
+.6
+.2
+6.4
+.7
+ (4)(2)
+2.3
22.51
26.22
30.57
21.11
31.92
-7.9
+7.3
+11.4
+9.4
+.4
86.9
+5.7
37.8
88.4
70.6
41.3
64.1
()
(*)
(4)
+.7
+1.2
+3.9
+5.6
+3.4
+.3
+1.5
+13.0
+1.0
-4.6
+2.4
-.3
+.3
-4.6
+.1
-i
+1.0
+2.7
+2.7
+2.9
+5.0
+2.5
+.8
+5.7
+4.4
+14.8
39.1
+0.7
+6.2
+2.8
+4.3
+.7
+3.1
40.8
+.7
46.4
+.7
+1.0
-1.8
+.4
-.5
-.7
28.5
33.8
45.0
42.0
39.8
42.9
43.5
40.2
44.6
4S.3
43.0
42.5
4
()
(4)
31.5
i-r
- A
+.6
+.4
+3.4
4
()
(4)
-1.2
+2.3
+17.6
+5.0
+6.7
+5.9
+1.1
+2.1
78.8
78.6
68.1
50.5
80.5
- 1 . 5A
+1.5
+.3
-.3
(4)
4
()
+3.1
-0.7
-.8
+3.2
+.5
-1.0
-5.3
-i
+14! 6
+7.5
+2.6
81.8
+1.5
+3.8
81.4
0
+2.7
66.4
-.2
+2.1
67.5
53.5
49.0
54.8
29.7
38.0
45.5
4
+.3
+.6
+.5
+.8rj
+2.1
4
88.2
+1.0
()
(4)
+.s
(4)
()
+.6
+3.2
+5.3
+2.8
+4.4
+2.2
+.7
()
()
+11.4
1
Average weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied
by a smaller number of establishments as all reporting firms do not furnish man-hours. Percentage changes over year are computed from indexes. Percentage changes over month
in average
weekly earnings for the manufacturing groups, for all manufacturing industries combined, and for retail trade are also computed from indexes.
2
Less than Ho of 1 percent.
3
Cash
payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
4
Not available.
•December data revised as follows:
All manufacturing industries.—Pay-roll index, 95.2; percentage change from November, +5. 0; percentage change from December 1935, +22.7.
Average weekly earnings, $24.87; percentage change from November, +3.6; percentage change from December 1935, +10. 4.
Average hours, percentage change from November, +1.4; percentage change from December 1935, +6.1.
Durable goods.—Average weekly earnings, $28.02; percentage change from November, +3.2; percentage change from December 1935, +12.8.
Average hours, 42.9; percentage change from November, +0.2; percentage change from December 1935, +7.0.
Average hourly earnings, 64.5; percentage change from November, +2.9; percentage change from December 1935, +4.9.
Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery.—Pay-roll index, 103.2; percentage change from November, +7.7; percentage change from December 1935, +38.9.
Average weekly earnings, $29.34; percentage change from November, +6.5; percentage change from December 1935, +17.9.
Average hours, 43.6; percentage change from November, +0.5; percentage change from December 1935, +9.3.
Average hourly earnings, 66.9: percentage change from November, +5.9; percentage change from December 1935, +7.4.
Hardware.—Pay-roll index, 116.2; percentage change from November, +9.4; percentage change from December 1935, +38.1.
Average weekly earnings, $27.43; percentage change from November, +4.7; percentage change from December 1935, +17.4.
Average hours, 46.2; percentage change from November, +2.9; percentage change from December 1935, +10.0.
Average hourly earnings, 60.3; percentage change from November, +1.8; percentage change from December 1935, +7.6.
** November and December hours and hourly earnings revised as follows:
Retail trade.—November hours, 43.8; percentage change from October +0.1; percentage change from November 1936, +2.5.
November hourly earnings, 52.2; percentage change from October, +0.5; percentage change from November 1936, +1.1.
December hours, 44.3; percentage change from December 1936, +1.1.
December hourly earnings, 50.8; percentage change from November, —3.1; percentage change from December 1936, +1.3.
General merchandising.—November hours, 40.8; percentage change from October,—0.1; percentage change from November 1936, +3.9.
November hourly earnings, 46.1; percentage change from October, +0.2; percentage change from November 1936, +0.2.
December hours, 42.9; percentage change from November, +4.7; percentage change from December 1936, +2.0.
December hourly earnings, 42.6; percentage change from November, —7.7; percentage change from December 1936, +.2.
15
Revised Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing
and Nonmanufacturing Industries, January 1937
TABLE 5 summarizes certain revisions that have been necessary in
employment and pay-roll indexes, average weekly earnings, average
hours, and average hourly earnings for January chiefly because of
late reports from firms in flood areas.
Although all items for each industry were not affected by the
revisions, data are presented for all items for the convenience of the
reader. Where revisions have not been made, the figures are shown
in bold-face type.
Table 5.—Revised Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, January 1937
[Figures in bold face type indicate that revisions were not necessary]
Manufacturing
[Indexes are based on 3-year average 1923-25=100 and are adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures]
Pay rolls
Employme nt
Industry
Index,
January
-1Q07
All manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery), and edge tools
Hardware
Stoves
Machinery, not including transportation equipment.
Agricultural implements
Radios and phonographs
Transportation equipment
Aircraft
Automobiles
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad
Shipbuilding
96.5
90.4
103.0
100.0
86.9
Percentage
change from—
JanuDecember ary
1936
1936
Index,
January
1007
Average weekly earnings 1
Average hours worked
per week 1
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
December
1936
Janu-
January
1937
ary
1936
December
1936
January
1936
January
1937
December
1936
January
1936
Average hourly earnings 1
Percentage
change from—
January
1937
+11.2
90.7
-4.6
+22.9
$24.02
-3.1
+10.6
39.6
-3.7
+6.0
Cents
59.6
- 2 . 5 +14.9
— 1.0 +8.0
86.6
96.0
-7.3
-1.5
+29.4
+16.4
26.54
21.31
-5.0
+12.7
+7.7
40.6
38.7
-5.2
-1.9
+6.8
+5.0
64.3
54.9
+18.5
+20.4
99.8
97.8
-2.2
7
18.54
26.12
-2.9
-4.2
-3.6
-4.9
-6.0
-29.8
-20.0
23.24
22.98
23.18
-6.0
-16.3
-10.9
42.6
41.6
39.5
-7.4
-9.9
-8.6
+20.6
-10.7
+6.2
+9.8
+64.9
+6.2
+35.7
+10.2
111.0
131.6
146.0
100.7
606.3
108.2
58.8
96.8
-2.3
48.4
-12.8
-16.7
-2.2
-20.3
-1.8
+6.9
+34.5
-3.2
+21.0
+17.5
+63.5
+13.0
+59.5
+17.3
26.67
26.52
20.48
28.21
26.23
28.42
25.91
28.40
-3.0
+.2
-5.6
-9.7
-6.9
-11.7
+.3
+1.6
+11.5
+8.6
+13.9
+7.1
-3.3
+6.4
+18.5
+6.5
41.8
40.9
36.4
36.9
42.7
36.5
39.9
35.9
-4.0
+.1
-6.5
-8.3
-5.9
-9.9
+11.0
+7.9
+7.9
+5.5
+9.5
+7.2
+2.2
+9.0
+3.3
+.4
+2.4
+11.3
+3.3
66.9
60.6
80.3
81.6
76.8
+21.0
+13.9
+9.8
+7.0
+8.7
42.0
43.2
+10. 4
-1.2
+17.2
+43.4
+37.2
+21.2
+5.8
+27.6
-1.6
-.4
87.1
80.2
96.7
+3.7
_ 1
-16.1
-10. 2
114.9
111.3
187.1
112.7
725.4
125. 2
55.7
94.5
+.7
+8.1
-7.7
-7.7
+5.0
-9.7
-2.1
+5.1
-.6
__ 0
+2.5
December
1936
January
1936
+0.3
+3.9
-.2
+4.4
+2.7
+1.1
0
55.3
55.5
59.3
+.7
+1.2
-8.1
-1.8
63.6
65.3
56.3
76.9
62. 1
78.5
64.9
78.2
+.9
+.4
+1.0
-1.7
-1.0
-1.7
+.3
-1.2
. +7.7
+5.3
+ 1.3
+1.1
-.2
+4.6
+6.1
+4.6
+3.6
-1.6
+4.6
+5.4
+2.6
Nonferrous metals and their products
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices.
Lumber and allied products
Lumber
Millwork
Sawmills
Stone, clay, and glass products
Brick
Cement
Glass
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
Pottery
_
106.9
118.4
65.0
-4.2
-2.4
-3.1
53.8
46.8
62.5
45.6
57.1
92.8
36.3
74.8
-.4
-4.5
-6.9
-6.4
-7.9
-7.8
-11.5
-2.1
107.1
115.6
154.9
130.0
55.4
119.2
97.5
99.0
105.2
182.3
80.4
90.4
57.1
57.2
57.0
+.7
+.7
+.6
+12.5
+14.9
+9.8
+23.1
+.6
+13.2
+25.8
+43.1
-1.1
+26.4
+7.9
97.1
109.1
54.9
-8.0
-7.5
-9.3
47.1
37.2
52.7
36.4
49.9
84.6
28.5
63.2
-7.1
-10.5
-10.8
-11.1
-15.1
-11.1
-14.4
-3.1
+27.6
+30.0
+19.6
+36.1
+2.3
+25.8
+45.6
+72.0
+4.4
+44.2
+24.7
24.49
21.57
18.80
-3.9
-5.2
-6.3
20.15
17.51
21.38
19.29
21.63
21.98
23.10
22.45
-6.8
-6.3
-4.3
-5.1
-7.8
-3.6
-3.3
-1.1
+13.4
+13.1
+9.0
+10.5
+1.8
+11.1
+15.9
+20.1
+5.4
+14.2
+15.5
41.6
40.9
-6.2
-7.0
-6.0
42.5
39.8
38.2
40.5
35.7
36.8
36.1
40.4
-6.8
-4.7
-4.4
-5.4
-9.9
-2.2
-5.8
-2.9
37.1
33.5
32.6
36.1
-2.0
34.1
40.6
40.7
41.3
38.4
-8.3
41.1
+5.6
+8.8
+4.4
+10.3
+.9
+9.2
+11.2
+16.3
+5.9
+10.8
+10.7
59.1
52.3
46.1
+2.4
+2.3
-.7
2
+( )
47.8
44.6
56.5
48.0
60.6
60.0
64.7
55.8
+.1
+.3
+2.3
+6,8
+5.1
+4.4
47.5
51.6
55.3
32.3
+.8
+.2
+1.2
+1.0
+5.9
+6.4
+2.2
38.0
51.5
49.9
55.6
79.8
+11.5
+1.3
+2.6
+1.2
+2.8
+3.6
+9.3
+.9
+2.6
42.7
43.5
45.5
43.2
-2.2
-1.2
+3.1
+.3
+7.3
+5.1
+1.0
+.1
-.6
+1.2
+4.8
+3.5
-.6
+3.4
+2.0
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products
Wearing apparel
Women's clothing
Men's furnishings
Millinery
Shirts and collars
Leather and its manufactures
Boots and shoes
Food and kindred products
Beverages
Butter
Canning and preserving
Tobacco manufactures
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff
Cigars and cigarettes
Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum refining
Other than petroleum refining:
Chemicals
Fertilizers
Soap
Rubber products
Rubber tires and inner tubes
120.2
120.4
87.1
100.3
101.3
92.7
+9.1
+9.3
+9.3
- 7 . 5 +19.6
+23.3 +5.6
- 2 . 9 +21.1
+3.7 +5.0
+5.3 +6.3
-4.9
+6.9
+.7 +13.0
-1.4
+4.3
-6.7
+6.3
-9.8
+4.0
-.6
+1.4
-11.0
+4.5
+.8 +7.5
+.9 +8.7
+8.3 +8.0
+1.5 +5.1
-.6
+18.3
+.2 +22.1
0
+18.0
+2.1 +10.3
+3.9 +8.5
-18.9 +14.2
+41.9 +4.8
-11.1
+22.4
+10.2 +12.5
+15.4 +14.0
- 4 . 9 +11.9
+.1 +14.9
-.8
+8.5
- 4 . 9 +19.7
-15.0
+9.5
-1.6
+6.4
-17.0 +10.1
119.4
+.9 +18.9
119.4
+1.2 +20.9
77.8
+8.6 +19.6
107.1
+2.7 +15.0
99.4
- 5 . 2 +27.4
94.6
- 5 . 1 +26.9
94.6
88.1
107.7
93.3
41.4
99.6
86.3
82.4
100.5
187.8
62.4
86.3
47.1
63.7
45.1
17.80
18.09
19.12
13.04
20.04
12.79
20.69
20.00
22.96
30.38
21.67
15.49
15.27
16.68
14.94
25.91
23.96
14.42
26.19
26.30
29.83
-.7
+1.3
+3.3
-12.3
+15.0
-8.4
+6.2
+9.6
+8.1
+.9
-.7
-4.5
—.8
+.9
+7.1
+7.2
—.1
+4.6
-.7
+1.7
+.7 +4.1
+1.8 +12.6
-5.7
+5.4
-2.9
+7.1
-6.7
+5.5
+.1 +10.6
+.3 +11.2
+.2 +10.6
+1.2 +9.6
-4.6
+7.7
-5.3
+3.9
-.7
+.5
-6.0
+4.0
+5.8
-1.7
-1.4
37.2
35.0
36.8
34.8
-7.6
-2.2
-8.3
39.4
-1.6
40.7
39.8
39.7
37.0
33.4
-1.2
+.6
+1.8
-.8
-5.5
-6.4
-1.3
-.5
-1.6
66.9
59.7
36.2
66.2
72.9
89.3
+.7
-5.8
-4.1
-5.8
-5.9
+.8
-1.8
+1.3
+1.5
+2.2
+.8
+1.3
+2.6
—, 7
+3.0
+1.8
+1.4
-1.6
+2.1
+.8
+.7
+.8
+4.6
+1.5
+4.9
+4.3
+4.4
+4.2
+8.2
+ (2)
+8.3
+1.8
+8.6
+5.0
+4.3
* Average weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied by
a smaller number of establishments as all reporting firms do not furnish man-hours. Percentage changes over year are computed from indexes. Percentage changes over month in
average weekly earnings for the manufacturing groups, for all manufacturing industries combined, and for retail trade are also computed from indexes.
2 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
Table 5.—Revised Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, January 1937—Con*
[Figures in bold face type indicate that revisions were not necessary]
Jslon m anufaduring
[Indexes are based on 3-year average 1923-25=100 and are adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures]
Industry
Coal mining:
Bituminous
Public utilities:
Electric light and power and manufactured gas_
Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and
maintenance
Trade:
Retail
__.
General merchandising
_
0 ther than general merchandising
Average weekly earnings
Employment
Pay rolls
Percentage
change from—
Index,
January
JanuDe1937 cember
ary
1936
1936
Percentage
change from—
Index,
January
DeJanu1937 cember
ary
1936
1936
January
1937
-6.0
+13.2
$23.86
79.9
Average hours worked
per week
January
1936
-6.8
+6.7
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
December
1936
Average hourly earnings
January
1937
30.6
December
1936
January
1936
-6.5
+4.5
34.6
+0.9
+6.1
92.1
-1.2
+7.0
92.3
-1.6
+8.8
32.51
-.4
+1.7
39.9
-2.2
72.5
-.1
+2.5
68.0
-2.0
+4.6
30.81
-1.9
+2.0
46.1
-1.6
85.4
95.1
82.9
-14.2
-33.7
-5.8
+6.2
+7.8
+5.8
68.0
83.8
64.7
-10.5
-27.8
-4.2
+9.5
+9.8
+9.5
21.27
18.38
23.70
+4.4
+8.8
+1.8
+3.1
+1.8
+3.5
43.9
41.1
44.8
o
-4." 2
-.2
January
1937
DeJanucember ary
1936
1936
Cents
79.4
-0.1
+1.3
82.0
+2.1
+1.8
+.1
66.1
-.5
+2.0
+.4
+.1
+.6
52.9
47.7
54.5
+5.2
+11.9
+1.7
+2.0
+1.8
+2.1
+1.7
00
19
Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls, January 1936 to March 1937
INDEXES of employment and pay rolls are given in tables 6 and 7
for all manufacturing industries combined, for the durable- and
nondurable-goods groups of manufacturing industries separately, and
for 13 nonmanufacturing industries including 2 subgroups under
retail trade, by months, January 1936 to March 1937, inclusive.
The accompanying chart indicates the trend of factory employment
and pay rolls from January 1919 to March 1937.
The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are computed from
returns supplied by representative establishments in 89 manufacturing
industries and cover only wage earners. The base used in computing
these indexes is the 3-year average 1923-25 as 100. In March 1937
reports were received from 25,331 manufacturing establishments employing 4,899,958 workers whose weekly earnings were $125,157,284.
The employment reports received from these establishments cover
more than 55 percent of the total wage earners in all manufacturing
industries of the country and more than 65 percent of the wage
earners in the 89 industries included in the monthly survey of the
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The indexes for nonmanufacturing industries are also computed
from data supplied by reporting establishments, but the base is the
12-month average for 1929 as 100. Figures for mining, laundries,
dyeing and cleaning, and building construction cover wage earners
only, but the figures for public utilities, trade, hotels, brokerage, and
insurance relate to all employees, including executives. For crudepetroleum producing they cover wage earners and clerical field force.
Data for both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries are
based on reports of the number of employees and amount of pay rolls
for the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month.
EMPLOYMENT & P \ Y K O I X S
ALL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
J92325=100
Inder Numbers
'40
IndexIJ/>
Numbers
/20
100
SO
120
J)
J 1
4
7
60
trsf-
/v
J
Rol is'
\
20
r
^
\
40
1
fmeL it
lVr-V
V
if
r
too
80
60
40
20
Q
1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 J924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 /9S0 193/ /932 1933 /934 1935 J936 J937 1938 u
ifA/Tio STATES BUREAU OF LABOR STAWT/CS
to
o
21
Table 6.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in All Manufacturing Industries
Combined and in the Durable- and Nondurable-Goods Groups, January 1936
to March 1937 l
[Adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufacture—3-year average 1923-25=100]
Manufacturing
Nondurable goods 3
Durable goods 2
Total
Month
Employment
May
June
July .
August
September
October
November
December
Average.
Employment
Pay rolls
Employment
Pay rolls
1937
1936
1937
1936
1937
1936
1937
1936
1937
86.8 96.5
86.9 99.0
87.9 101.1
89.1
89.8
90.1
73.8 90.7
73.7 95.8
77.6 101.1
79.3
80.8
81.1
78.7
78.6
80.2
82.3
84.0
84.7
90.4
93.2
96.4
66.9
66.6
71.8
76.0
78.5
79.0
86.6
92.5
100.0
95.4
95.8
96.1
96.3
96.0
95.9
103.0
105.2
106.1
82.5
82.7
84.9
83.5
83.8
83.9
96.0
99.9
102.6
91.2
93 5
95.5
96 7
96.9
98 1
80.2
83 5
83.6
89 0
90.7
95 2
84.6
84 7
8.5.7
89.2
91.0
92 7
75.9
77 0
77.2
85.3
88.9
93.4
98.2
102.8
105.9
104.7
103.3
104.0
85.6
91 8
91.6
93.7
92.9
97.5
91.9
82.4
84.7
78.0
99.5
87.9
1936
January
February
March
April
Pay rolls
1937
1936
1
Comparable indexes for earlier years will be found in the February 1937 issue of this report, or in the
April
1937 issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
2
Includes the following groups of manufacturing industries: Iron and steel; machinery; transportation
equipment; railroad repair shops; nonferrous metals; lumber and allied products; and stone, clay, and glass
products.
3
Includes the following groups of manufacturing industries: Textiles and their products, leather and its
manufactures, food and kindred products, tobacco manufactures, paper and printing, chemicals and allied
products, products of petroleum and coal, rubber products, and a number of miscellaneous industries not
included in other groups.
Table 7.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Nonmanufacturing
Industries, January 1936 to March 1937 *
[12-month average 1929=100]
Anthracite mining
Month
Employ- Pay rolls
ment
Bituminous-coal
mining
Employment
Pay rolls
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Employment
Employment
Pay rolls
Pay rolls
1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937
January
February
March
April
May
June
July..
August
September
October.
November
December
Average..
59.1
61.2
52.5
49.8
54.9
51.2
54.1 54.4 42.7 79.8 84.6
52.7 76.7 41.0 80.2 84.8
48.9 42.6 37.8 80.4 85.9
28.6
77.5
76.2
56.3
42.0
—-- - - - - 75.7
70.6
78.4
70.2
62.6
62.2
61.5
79.9 54.2 66.8 41.7
82.4 55.5 69.6 42.8
88.4 55.9 73.1 45.1
45.5
57.5
47.7
60.8
61.9
----- - - - - 48.2
48.4
41.1
47.6
49.9
51.5
54.8
37.2
31.4
34.9
48.5
40.3
55.4
75.5
76.9
78.2
81.1
82.3
83.9
62.6
65.4
71.0
79.2
80.7
85.0
61.3
61.6
63.1
64.2
62.9
64.4
51.8
45.7
79.0
70.8 -- —
60.3 - — 48.4
46.1
48.2
50.0
53.7
54.6
57.7
58.4 39.4 45.7 25.5 34.6
63.4 36.9 46.7 23.9 37.8
70.6 42.2 49.1 30.9 41.3
36.1
48.4
42.1
52.0
53.5
------ - - - - 44.0
54.4
55.3
54.9
54.6
52.6
49.4
43.9
46.2
44.8
46.2
43.5
39.4
49.5 . . . . .
38.9 —
-
i Comparable indexes for earlier years for all of these industries, except year-round hotels, will be found
in the November 1934 and subsequent issues of this pamphlet, or the February 1935 and subsequent issues
of the Monthly Labor Review. Comparable indexes for year-round hotels will be found in the June 1935
issue of this pamphlet, or the September 1935 issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
99
Table 7.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Nonmanufacturing
Industries, January 1936 to March 1937—Continued
Crude-petroleum
producing
Month
Employment
Pay rolls
Telephone and telegraph
Electric light and
power, and manufactured gas
Electric-railroad and
motorbus operation and
maintenance 2
Employment
Employment
Employment
Pay rolls
P a y rolls
Pay rolls
1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937
January
February
March
April.
May
June
71.1 72.7 55.7 61.0 70.1 74.4 75.0 83.8 86.1 92.1 84.8 92.3 70.7 72.5 65.0 68.0
70.8 73.5 55.7 63.8 69.9 74.8 76.2 82.3 86.1 92.0 84.7 93.3 71.7 72.5 68.3 68.7
70.9 74.3 56.0 63.7 70.2 75.4 77.2 86.9 86.8 92.2 85.9 94.5 71.2 72.6 67.8 69.2
65.9
57.1
70.8
76.0
88.0
86.2
71.3
71.3
66.1
58.0
71.6
89.0
78.5
87.0
71.5
72.7
66.8
58.9
72.1
90.4
77.4
88.1
71.7
73.7
July . .
August
September
October
November
December _
75.4
60.4
75 0
59 7
60.4
74.5
73.6
59.6
73.2 - — 60.1
72.4
61.3
Average. _ 72.9
58.6 . . . . .
Wholesale trade
Month
Employment
Pay rolls
73.1
73 5
73.7
73.8
73.7
73.6
79.9
81 2
78.8
83.1
81.6
82.4
91.7
93 1
93.5
94.0
93.5
93.2
89.8
89 8
91.4
92.7
91.8
93.8
72.4
72 4
72.8
73.1
73.0
72.5
66.5
66 5
66.4
67.7
69.7
69.3
72.2
78.9
90.5
88.8
72.0
67.2
Total retail trade
Employment
Pay rolls
Retail trade—general merchandising
Retail trade—other
than general merchandising
Employment
Employment
P a y rolls
P a y rolls
1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937
January. __
February
March
April
May
June
85.6 90.7 66.6 72.6 80.4 85.4 62.1 68.0 88.2 95.1 76.4 83.8 78.4 82.9 59.1 64.7
85.0 92.0 66.6 74.1 79.7 85.2 61.6 67.9 85.1 93.9 73.9 82.9 78.3 82.9 59.1 64.8
85.6 92.1 69.0 75.0 81.9 88.5 63.5 70.5 90.9 100.3 77.3 87.6 79.5 85.4 60.7 67.0
85.7
67.9
81.0
85.2
65.3
97.4
82.0
62.1
84.6
68.2
80.8
65.8
95.5
82.3
85.0
62.7
84.6
68.4
81.3
66.4
96.4
82.6
63.3
85.5
July
August
September
October
November
December
85.4
86.3
88.0
89.0
89.7
91.0
Average.. 86.7
69.0
69.7
70.5
71.5
73.1
72.8
83.2
82.4
88.6
88.7
90.1
99.6
65.1
64 4
66.6
68 3
70.1
75.9
90.7
89 4
98.5
103 9
109.3
143.4
69.4 . . . . .
85.7
66.3
99.1
Year-round hotels
Employment
Month
Pay rolls
77.3
76.4
82.8
87.2
91.4
116.2 _____
83.5
Laundries
Employment
Pay rolls
81.2
80 5
83.5
84.7
85.1
88.1
62.6
61 9
63.3
64.4
65.7
67.6
82.2 . . . . .
62.7
Dyeing and cleaning
Employment
Pay rolls
1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936 1937 1936
January
February
March..
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November.
December
Average
.
_
_
81.9
82.8
82.8
83.2
84.1
83.9
83.3
83.2
84.2
85.4
84.6
84.0
83.6
1937
85.5 64.9 70.4 81.5 88.5 68.3 76.4 71.5 76.8 51.6 55.6
86.4 66.5 72.5 81.2 88.6 67.8 76.3 70.3 76.2 49.0 54.6
86.9 66.0 72.7 82.1 88.7 69.9 77.5 74.7 81.1 56.4 61.7
83.2
70.9
64.1
66.3
81.8
75.6
72.2
67.0
87.3
85.5
69.2
66.6
75.8
87.5
87. 2
90.5
64.8
66.0
85.5
79.0
66.1
89.6
63.2
83.5
76.7
89.6
76.6
67.5
66.1
86.7
69.6
87.6
66.7
75.3
86.5
60.2
74.5
81.3
. . . . . 69.6 - — 87.0
69.8
87.6
57.3
76.1
77.7
67.2
81.2
73.9
86 1
61.7
2 Not including electric-railroad car building and repairing; see transportation.equipment and railroad
repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 3.
23
Trend of Industrial and Business Employment, by States
A COMPARISON of employment and pay rolls, by States and geographic divisions, in February and March 1937, is shown in table 8 for
all groups combined, and for all manufacturing industries combined,
based on data supplied by reporting establishments. The percentage
changes shown, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted—that is, the
industries included in the manufacturing group and in the grand total
have not been weighted according to their relative importance.
The totals for all manufacturing industries combined include
figures for miscellaneous manufacturing industries in addition to the
89 manufacturing industries presented in table 4. The totals for all
groups combined include all manufacturing industries and each of the
nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 4 except building
construction.
Table 8.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in February and March 1937, by Geographic Divisions and by States
[Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued
by cooperating State organizations]
Manufacturing
Total—All groups
PerPerPerPerAmount cent- Num- Number cent- Amount centGeographic divison Num- Number centage
age
of
pay
age
of
pay
age
ber of on pay change
ber of on pay change
and State
change estabroll
roll
change
estabroll
roll
(1
week)
from
(1
week)
from
from
from
lish- March Feblish- March FebMarch
March
FebFebments
1937
1937
1937
ruary ments
ruary
ruary
1937
ruary
1937
1937
1937
1937
New England
13,784
Maine
786
New
Hamp604
shire
474
Vermont
Massachusetts _ 2 8,473
Rhode Island,. 1,278
2,169
Connecticut
Middle AtlanticNew York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania..
East North Central
Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
Michigan
Wisconsin
Dollars
952,895
60, 745
Dollars
+1. 122 : !, 415,985 +2.6
+.5 1, 283,000 +.1
3,505
282
677,016
50,440
204
145
1,695
429
750
32, 803
12, 646
315,167
81, 616
184,344
5,224 1,280,384
3 2,079 472,125
*834
2,311
- . 1 840,157
39,846
428, 219
19,095 +1.4
611, 119 +/ "6 12,\ HO, 630
2, 222, 747
101,342 +
220, 748 - 1 . 2 5, 501, 232
34,859 3,280,1,792
23,
.,'036,485
4,102 349, 529
7,682 894,778
+2. 2 29,
9,159,090
7 23,
":, 290, 278
+1.4
+2.9
+3.
+3.6
+3.7
+4.3
+3.4
+2.9
21,754 2,361,611
8,155 663,388
276,358
8 6, 295
3,834 585,880
193,155
+1.7 66,447,197
+2.0 18, 633,366
' " 7,393,529
+.2
+2.1 17,106,739
+1.0 18, 251,331
+3.5 5,062, 232
+4.9
+4.7
+3.9
+3.4
+6.7
+5.9
7,498 1,788,123
2,550 499.316
903 228.317
2,403
452, 593
916 447,811
160,086
+2.0 10,573,849
2,225,301
1, 590, 288
4,364,546
121,382
206,184
767, 224
1,298,924.
+4.2
+3.3
+3.4
+5.5
2,456
432
426
887
57
41
162
451
West North Cen12,004 439,643
tral
89,029
2,222
Minnesota
66, 784
Iowa
_ 1,863
Missouri
3,108 181,037
632
5,145
North Dakota..
8,024
South Dakota..
576
32,887
Nebraska
_ 1, 568
8 2,035
66,737
Kansas
See footnotes at end of table.
+1.3
+ 1 . 5 61,536,357
+1.0
+2.4
+1.2
+2.4
+2.0
+.1
+2.0
+lO
-1.0
+5.2
+3.8
+56
221,509
42, 258
39, 306
101, 258
688
2,260
11,558
24,181
+0.!
-0)
15,620,871
1,037, 537
+2.8
671, 660
281,388
7,313,700
1, 723, 278
4, 593,308
' 1,139,296
214s
+1.0
+3.2
+4-0
-1.8
+3.9
+4.8
+6.2
+3.6
+7
- 1 . 3 51,586,295
+2.3
o
+2.'O
+1.7
-2.2
+1.4
+2. 0 33,1,985,191
+2. 8 13,',115,465
+1.1 6,730,430
+
529,479 +5.4
+1. 6 14,
6, 277,695 +3.9
-9.4
+32
+1.5
+1.4
+1.2
+1.8
+2.4
+3.1
+1.6
+.7
12,079,105
14,423,815
4,276,,'"
5,351,891
1,059,118
963,587
2,386, 229
19, 763
55,442
280,523
687,229
+4-0
8
-3.9
+18
+5.4
+4.4
+4.4
+6.6
+.6
+13.7
+3.5
+4.4
Table 8.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in February and March 1937, by Geographic Divisions and by States—Con.
[Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued
by cooperating State organizations]
Total—All groups
Geographic divison Num- Number
ber of on pay
and State
estab- roll
lish, March
ments 1937
South Atlantic,..
Delaware
Maryland
District of Columbia
Virginia
West Virgina..,
North Carolina.
South Carolina.
Georgia
Florida
East South Central
Kentucky.
Tennessee
Alabama
Mississippi
Percentage
change
from
February
1937
Manufacturing
PerAmount cent- Num- Number
age ber of on pay
of pay
change estabroll
roll
(1 week) from lish- March
March Feb- ments 1937
ruary
1937
1937
Dollars
588,897
12,339
91,961
+2.0
+3.6
Dollars
11,048,232
304,050
+4.1
+6.0
38
462
254
584
206
384
199
3,883
75, 255
62,476
154, 808
69,067
94, 765
24,343
+1.2
+.8
+2.7
+1.0
+2.9
+2.6
+1.0
130,115
1,476,154
1, 618, 615
2,432, 239
1,001,087
1,442, 258
385, 684
+1.7
+1.9
+5.5
+1.0
+2.2
+4.7
+3.8
+11.2
+30.1
44.1
+3.4
+.8
999
299
376
243
81
197,215
39,264
81, 223
66,806
9,922
+3.9
+10.1
+2.8
+2.0
+2.1
3,577,374
891,635
1,425, 981
1,106, 856
152,902
+8.1
+25.5
+4.3
+2.8
+4.1
+2.6
+2.9
+4.7
+18
1,104
167
238
143
656
104,020
17,193
27,135
12,086
47,606
+1.8
+2A
+3.0
+L6
2,169, 793
287,701
462, 692
279,833
1,139,566
+2.9 3,585,109 +3.1
656,373 +10.2
+6.1
+6.9
238,425 +7.5
+.6 269,622 - 4 . 4
-.8
+1.6 1,085,642
+ 1.0
172,262 - 1 . 3
+4.4
527,003 +6.8
+1.5
538,938 +2.9
+2.4
96,844 +8.0
591
84
57
41
199
33
41
108
28
37,836
4,917
2,774
1,660
16,406
1,105
3,068
6,856
1,050
+5.1
+11.2
+21.2
+3.4
+3.9
-3.6
+3.4
+1.3
984,086
143,628
64,538
52, 238
432,492
18, 885
74,765
165, 290
32, 250
+3.1 12,400,446 +7.6
+7.0 2,725,689 +11."
+7.2 1,354,440 +13.2
+1.2 8,320,817 +5.5
2,570
+5.6
7,142,790
1, 500,567
761,847
4,880,376
+5.1
+4-2
+5.8
+6.0
+4-9
+5.7
+18.7
+13.4
+4.3
+2.4
-5.1
+2.8
+4.1
+9.4
+10.6
+19.1
+20.6
+6.9
+1.8 17,937,718
+4.3
11,310
201
1,559
886,838
16,093
132,691
402,504 <+4.6
+2.9
+2.9 8,231,528 +7.8
2,764
84
553
1.'
2,190
1,276
1,471
765
1,557
1,102
41, 730
111, 144
160, 580
168,435
77, 362
121,882
56,921
+2.1 1,065,824
+1.0 2, 212,121
+1.9 4, 203,748
2, 673,501
+3!
1,156,311
+2.5 2,034,952
957,229
-.5
+2.4
+2.0
+7.5
+1.0
+2.4
+4.4
+.2
5,819,965
1,953,336
1,952,130
1, 659,596
254,903
+1.8 4,505,356
-{-1.3 419,221
+1.5
926,491
+2.4 986,572
+1.7 2,173,072
4,282 305,832
87,070
1,279
1,272 107,409
1, 238 95, 682
15, 671
493
West South Cen4,499 202,813
tral
23, 570
"378
Arkansas
48, 686
1,015
Louisiana..
40,651
1,353
Oklahoma
89,906
121,758
Texas
4,444 134,561
Mountain
21,122
707
Montana
9,579
488
Idaho
9,298
334
Wyoming
1,263
43,134
Colorado
331
7,525
New Mexico
48^
19, 528
Arizona.....
619
Utah
21,114
215
3,261
Nevada
Pacific
9,765 449,856
Washington
3,173 101,863
53, 281
1,353
Oregon
13 5, 239 294,712
California
PerPercent Amount centage
age
of pay
3hange roll
change
from Q week) from
FebMarch
February
ruary
1937
1937
1937
+3.7
+6.7
+2.7
+2.4
+2.2
302
1,701
255,163
57, 315
31,351
166, 497
+51
+4.
+1L5
+2.9
+8/
12 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
Includes banks and trust companies; construction; municipal, agricultural, and office employment;
amusement and recreation; professional services; and trucking and handling.
34 Includes laundering and cleaning, and water, light, and power.
Includes laundries.
6«Weighted percentage change.
7 Includes automobile, and miscellaneous services, restaurants, and building and contracting.
Includes construction, but not hotels and restaurants, or public works.
98 Does not include logging.
Includes financial institutions, miscellaneous services, and restaurants.
w Percentages weighted. Agriculturalfiguresare not included in employment and pay-roll totals nor in
percentage change for pay roll, but are included in percentage change for employment.
112 Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel, and building stone.
1 Includes business and personal service and real estate,
is Includes banks, insurance, and office employment.
25
Industrial and Business Employment and Pay Rolls in Principal Cities
A COMPARISON of March 1937 employment and pay rolls with the
February totals in 13 cities of the United States having a population
of 500,000 or over is made in table 9. The changes are computed
from reports received from identical establishments in both months.
In addition to reports included in the several industrial groups
regularly covered in the survey by the Bureau, reports have also
been secured from establishments in other industries for inclusion
in these city totals. As information concerning employment in
building construction is not available for all cities at this time, figures
for this industry have not been included in these city totals.
Table 9.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in February and March 1937, by Principal Cities
City
establish-
Number Percentage
change
on pay
roll March from February 1937
1937
Amount of
pay roll
(1 week)
March 1937
Percentage
change
from February 1937
17,166
4,473
2,487
1,630
2.795
723,066
494,019
231,036
377, 519
160, 397
+1.9
+2.0
+1.6
-4.1
+.2
$20,056, 595
13, 813, 717
6,162, 341
12,034, 996
4,486,709
+4.2
+2.7
+3.2
-1.9
+4.4
Cleveland, Ohio
St. Louis, Mo
Baltimore, Md
Boston, Mass
1,759
1,569
1,240
3,873
149, 611
143,408
103. 560
194,218
+5.5
+2.3
+3.5
+1.4
4. 249,687
3,619, 255
2. 595.212
4,842,947
+8.1
+5.3
+7.9
+2.9
Pittsburgh, Pa
San Francisco, Calif.
Buffalo, N . Y . .
Milwaukee, Wis
1,373
1,693
943
638
217, 479
91,160
76. 679
86, 764
+1.6
+4.5
+3.6
+4.4
6. 357, 486
2,653,924
2,166,473
2,358,973
+3.9
+9.3
+7.7
+7.8
New York, N. Y . . .
Chicago, 111
Philadelphia, Pa
Detroit, Mich
Los Angeles, Calif--.
Public Employment
EMPLOYMENT created by the Federal Government includes employment in the regular agencies of the Government, employment on the
various construction programs wholly or partially financed by Federal
funds, and employment on relief-work projects.
Construction projects financed by the Public Works Administration
are those projects authorized by title II of the National Industrial
Kecovery Act of June 16, 1933. This program of public works has
been extended to June 30, 1937, by the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 and title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act
of 1936. The First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as the
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, reappropriated unobligated funds originally made available under the Emergency Relief
Appropriation Act of 1935 and authorized the use of $300,000,000
from funds on hand or received from the sale of securities.
26
By authority of Public Resolution No. 11, Seventy-fourth Congress,
approved April 8, 1935, the President, in a series of Executive orders,
inaugurated a broad program of works to be carried out by 61 units of
the Federal Government. The Works Program has been continued
by title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited
as the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936. Employment
created by this program includes employment on Federal projects
and employment on projects operated by the Works Progress Administration. Federal projects are those conducted by Federal agencies
which have received allotments from The Works Program fund.
Projects operated by the Works Progress Administration are those
projects conducted under the supervision of the Works Progress Administration with the cooperation of States, cities, or counties.
The emergency conservation program (Civilian Conservation
Corps) created in April 1933 was further extended under authority
of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. Since July 1,
1936, emergency conservation work has been continued from appropriations authorized by the First Deficiency x^ppropriation Act of
1936.
With the following exceptions, statistics on public employment
refer to the month ending on the 15th. Employment statistics for
the Federal service and for emergency conservation work refer to the
number employed on the last day of the month; pay-roll data are for
the entire month. The value of material orders placed for projects
operated by the Works Progress Administration is a cumulative total
from the beginning of the program to the end of the current calendar
month and is not available on a monthly basis. Employment and
pay-roll statistics on National Youth Administration work projects
and Student-Aid are for the calendar month. Data on the value of
material orders placed on work projects of the National Youth Administration are cumulative through the current calendar month.
Executive Service of the Federal Government
STATISTICS of employment in the executive service of the Federal
Government in March 1937, February 1937, and March 1936 are given
in table 10.
27
Table 10.—Employees in the Executive Service of the U. S. Government, March
1937, March 1936, and February 1937 *
[Subject to revision]
District of Columbia
2
Outside District of
Columbia
Entire service 2
Item
Total Permanent
Perma- Temnent
porary
Number of employees:
108, 788
March 1937
108, 244
February 1937
105,514
March 1936
Percentage change:
February 1937 to March
+0.50
1937
March 1936 to March
+3.10
1937
Labor turn-over March 1937:
Number of—
940
Separations 6
1,309
Accessions 5
Turn-over rate per 100:
Separation rate
0.87
1.21
Accession rate
Temporarys
7,747 116,535 615,132
8,015 116,259 613,721
7,215 112, 729 597,077
Total Permanent
Temporary 3
Total
97,915 713,047 723,920 105,662 * 829, 582
96,741 710,462 721,965 104,756 826, 721
94,712 691, 789 702, 591 101,927 804, 518
-3.34
+0.24
+0.23
+1.21
+0.36
+0.27
+0.86
+7.37
+3.38
+3.02
+3.38
+3.07
+3.04
+3.66
936
761
1,876
2,070
8,309
9,129
14,129
15,960
22,438
25,089
9,249
10,438
15,065
16,721
11.88
9.66
1.61
1.78
1.35
1.49
14.52
16.40
3.15
3.52
1.28
1.44
14.32
15.89
+0.35
+3.12
24,314
27,159
2.94
3.28
1 Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month.
2 Includes employees of Columbia institution for the Deaf and Howard University.
3 Not including field employees of Post Office Department or 42,940 employees hired under letters of authorization
by the Department of Agriculture, with a pay roll of $1,858,100.
4
Includes 16 employees by transfer previously reported as separations, not actual additions for March.
s Not including employees transferred within the Government service, as such transfers should not be
regarded as labor turn-over.
The monthly record of employment in the executive service of the
United States Government from March 1936 to March 1937, inclusive,
is shown in table 11.
Table 11.—Employment in the Executive Service of the U. S.
Government, by
Months, March 1936 Through March 1937 l
[Subject to revision]
District
of Columbia
Outside
District
of Columbia
Total
March
April
May.
June
112, 729
115,412
117, 219
117,459
691, 789
693, 385
699, 034
705,193
804, 518
808.797
816, 253
822, 652
July
August
SeptemberOctober
116, 250
115, 796
115, 050
114,783
712,557
716, 579
718, 990
724, 361
832, 375
834,040
839,144
Month
1936
Month
District
of Columbia
Outside
District
of Columbia
Total
115,174
116,345
722,098
712,962
837, 272
829, 307
116, 259
116,259
116, 535
713,924
710,462
713,047
830,183
826, 721
829, 582
1936—Continued
November
December
1937
January
February
March
i Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month.
28
Construction Projects Financed by the Public Works Administration
DETAILS concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
during March on construction projects financed by Public Works
Administration funds are given in table 12, by type of project.
Table 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed
From Public
Works Administration Funds, March 1937 J
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Maximum
number
employed 2
Type of project
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number
of manhours
worked
during
month
Average
earnings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed during month
Federal projects financed from N . I. R. A. funds
3 32,621
30,296
$3,009,993
3,926,879
$0. 767
$2,332,236
3,575
11, 506
9,083
1,246
388,595
1,445,805
404,070
157, 411
431, 772
1, 798, 566
826, 390
181,744
.900
.804
...
4,405
12, 260
(6)
1,309
855,751
457,867
350,000
259,620
River, harbor, and flood control
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
4,802
101
32
629
4,180
71
28
607
549,432
5,886
2,157
56,637
603, 520
7,936
3,643
73, 308
.910
.742
.592
.773
390,365
1,632
1,194
15, 807
All projects
Building construction._
Naval vessels
Public roads *
Reclamation—
_
Non-Federal projects financed from N . I. R. A. funds
All projects
27,023
22,594
$2,089,605
2,266,966
$0,922
$3,642,810
Building construction
Railroad construction.
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage..
Miscellaneous
13, 673
126
1,357
9,356
2,511
11,243
116
1,106
8,016
2,113
1,041,387
2,909
105,004
816,363
123,942
1,037,568
4,983
118,384
862, 608
243,423
1.004
.584
.887
.946
.509
2,242,692
0
89,173
1,044,381
266, 564
Projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 and 1936 funds 6
All projects 7.._
Building construction
Electrification
Heavy engineering.._
Reclamation
._
7
River, harbor, and flood control
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
_
1
113,930
96,170
$8,254,306
10,147,405
73,001
387
2,826
3,055
61,778
320
2,293
2,783
5,595,313
28,765
251,544
312,580
6,223,641
36,342
278,569
444,473
.792
.903
.703
9,595,307
72,889
512,011
349,413
449
11,984
21,154
1,074
351
9,754
17,977
914
28,958
488, 417
1,465, 964
82, 765
38,452
1,025,296
1,997,376
103,256
.753
.476
.734
.802
30,248
972,883
2, 771,996
181, 642
$0. 813 $14,486,389
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work.
3
Includes weekly average for public roads.
< Estimated by the Bureau of Public Roads.
6 Not available; average included in total.
6
These data are also included in separate tables covering projects financed by The Works Program.
' Includes a maximum of 15,108 and an average of 13,512 employees working on low-cost housing projects
financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 funds who were paid $1,559,681 for 1,649,791 man-hours of labor. Material
orders in the amount of $1,911,760 were placed for these projects. These data are also included in separate
tables covering projects financed from The Works Program.
29
Federal construction projects for which data are included in table 12
are financed by allotments made by the Public Works Administration
to. the various agencies and departments of the Federal Government
from funds provided under the National Industrial Recovery Act.
The major portion of the low-cost housing program now under way,
however, is financed by funds provided under the Emergency Relief
Appropriation Act of 1935. The work is performed either by commercial firms which have been awarded contracts, or by day labor
hired directly by the Federal agencies.
Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made by the
Public Works Administration from funds available under either the
National Industrial Recovery Act, the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, or the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936.
Most of the allotments have been made to the States and their political
subdivisions, but occasionally allotments have been made to commercial firms. In financing projects for the States or their political
subdivisions from funds appropriated under the National Industrial
Recovery Act, the Public Works Administration makes a direct grant
of not more than 30 percent of the total labor and material cost.
When funds provided under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act
of 1935 or the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936 are used to
finance a non-Federal project, as much as 45 percent of the total cost
may be furnished in the form of a grant. The remaining 55 percent
or more of the cost is financed by the recipient. When circumstances
justify such action, the Public Works Administration may provide the
grantee with the additional funds by means of a loan. Allotments to
commercial enterprises are made only as loans. All loans made by
the Public Works Administration carry interest charges and have a
definite date of maturity. Collateral posted with the Public Works
Administration to secure loans may be offered for sale to the public.
In this way a revolving fund is provided which enlarges the scope of
the activities of the Public Works Administration.
Commercial loans have been made, for the most part, to railroads.
Railroad work financed by loans made by the Public Works Administration falls under three headings: First, construction work in the form
of electrification, the laying of rails and ties, repairs to buildings,
bridges, etc.; second, the building and repairing of locomotives and
passenger and freight cars in shops operated by the railroads; and
third, locomotive and passenger- and freight-car building in commercial shops.
Monthly Trend
A SUMMARY of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
projects financed from Public Works Administration funds from July
1933 to March 1937, inclusive, is given in table 13.
30
Table 13.—Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1933 to March 1937, Inclusive,
on
Projects Financed From Public Works Administration Funds 1
[Subject to revision]
Maximum
number
of wage2
earners
Monthly
pay-roll disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked during month
July 1933 to February 1937, inclusive 3 4 .
$897,307,982
1,346,046,679
$0.667
July to December 1933, inclusive
January to December 1934, i n c l u s i v3 e4 January to December 1935, inclusive 3 4_
January to December 1936, inclusive _
33, 244,066
308,311,143
270,393,548
242, 768,950
62, 209,479
523,561,666
391,919,033
316, 666,182
.534
.589
75,524,702
« 610,051,090
« 439,152,426
5 401,065,634
.823
.832
.817
26,929,308
19,170,733
20,461, 435
Year and month
January 3_—
3
February
_
March 3
1937
202,175
174,990
173, 574
Value of
Average
material
earnings orders
placed
per hour during
month
18,768,676
16,580,393
16,341, 250
15, 439,981
13,796,390
13,353,904
$1,592,355,328
1
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work. Includes weekly average for public-road projects.
3
Includes employees working on non-Federal projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 and 1936 funds
and low-cost housing projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 funds. These data are also included in separate
tables covering projects financed by The Works Program.
<8 Revised.
Includes orders placed by railroads for new equipment.
The Works Program
A DETAILED record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
on projects financed by The Works Program in March is shown in
table 14, by type of project.
Table 14.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by The Works
Program, March 1937 1
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum Weekly
number
employed * average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
Average
earnings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects
All projects.
Building construction
Electrification
Forestry
Grade-crossing elimination
Heavy engineering
Hydroelectric power plants 3
Plant, crop, and livestock conservation
Professional, technical, and clerical.
Public roads
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control. _
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
.-
249, 690
228,903
$12, 504,895
25, 666, 281
$0. 487
$7, 356,372
39,737
5,623
27,914
17,016
113
517
36, 274
5,440
25, 749
13,849
87
517
2,399,507
144, 252
1,139,008
931,196
6,528
7,813
3, 766,606
375,900
2, 639, 330
1, 550, 403
6,872
28, 647
.637
.384
.432
.601
.950
.273
1,320,592
611,183
306, 691
1,596,930
1,743
1,725
31,193
15,939
19, 250
63,808
' 10, 268
7,743
1,435
9,134
28,319
15,921
15,892
60, 657
9,484
6,894
1,368
8,452
950, 306
1,310,523
903, 306
3,104, 356
845,411
268,845
35,825
458,019
3, 645, 502
2,179, 212
1,805,837
6,842,167
1,149,465
764,596
97,519
814, 225
.261
.601
.500
.454
.735
.352
.367
.563
14, 234
121, 218
1,050,577
1, 575,122
488,471
47,119
10,991
209,776
^Unless otherwise noted data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2jfMaximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 These data are for projects under construction in Puerto Rico.
31
Table 14.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by The Works
Program, March 1937—Continued
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum Weekly
number
employed average
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Average
earnings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
P. W. A. projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 and 1936 funds *
113,930
96,170
$8,254,306
10,147,405
$0.813
$14,486,389
Building construction
Electrification
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
73,001
387
2,826
3,055
61,778
320
2,293
2,783
5, 595,313
28, 765
251, 544
312, 580
6, 223,641
36,342
278,569
444,473
.792
.903
.703
9,595,307
72,889
512,011
349,413
River, harbor, and flood controlStreets and roads
„•
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
449
11,984
21,154
1,074
•351
9,754
17,977
914
28,958
488,417
1,465,964
82, 765
38,452
1,025, 296
1,997,376
103,256
.753
.476
.734
.802
30,248
972,883
2,771,996
181,642
All projects..
Projects operated by Works Progress Administration
.-
2,104,938
26,101, 290
$0.507
Conservation
Highway, road, and street
Housing
Professional, technical, and clerical.
Public building
126,173
737, 202
5,121
223,927
173,880
7,026,893
35,972,820
343,070
16,829,674
11,238,471
15, 743,925
77,249, 236
547,877
25,062,671
17,617,618
.446
.454
.626
.672
.638
Publicly owned or operated utilities
Recreational facilities 8
Sanitation and health...
Sewing, canning, gardening, etc
Transportation.
_
Not elsewhere classified
214, 566
181, 241
62, 543
255,485
11,635,607
11,093,847
2,844,033
11,881,166
2,229,586
4,493, 248
22,199, 566
18,405, 274
6,656, 231
29,093,106
4,135,415
9,390,371
.524
.603
.427
.408
.539
.478
All projects.._
_
86,732
4
Includes data for 98,822 employees working on non-Federal projects ,and 15,108 employees working on
low-cost housing projects. These data are included in tables covering projects under the jurisdiction of
P.6 W. A.
Data on a monthly basis are not available.
6
Exclusive of buildings.
Statistics on employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
National Youth Administration work projects and Student-Aid in
jMarch are shown in table 15, by type of project.
Table 15.—Employment and Pay Rolls on National Youth Administration
and
Student-Aid Projects Financed by The Works Program, March 1937 x
[Subject to revision]
Type of program
Number Monthly
pay-roll
of persons disburseemployed
ments
Total
618, 235 $6,455,457
Work projects
Student-Aid
191, 569
426, 666
-
1 Data are for the calendar month.
2 Data are not available on a monthly basis.
3 No expenditures for materials on this type of project.
Number of
man-hours Average
worked ' earnings
during
per hour
month
19,898,313
$0,324
3, 224, 944 8, 724,840
3,230,513 11,173,473
.370
.289
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
32
Monthly Trend
EMPLOYMENT, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects financed
by The Works Program from the beginning of the program in July
1935 to March 1937, inclusive, are given in table 16.
Table 16.—Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1935 to Marchx 1937, Inclusive, on
Projects Financed by The Works Program
[Subject to revision]
Month and Year
Maximum
number
employed 2
Value of
Number of Average
material
man-hours earnings
orders
worked dur- per
hour
placed
during month
ing month
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Federal projects
July 1935 to March 1937, inclusive July to December 1935
January to December 1936..
1987
January. _.
February.
March
$303,190,798
328,867
267,525
249,690
15,652,964
13,024,133
12,504,895
661,801,125
$0.458
$198,529,818
80,745,958
496,064, 222
.458
.454
34,763,337
141,940,012
32,064,351
27, 260, 313
25, 666,281
.478
.487
7,595, 246
6, 874,851
7, 356,372
P. W. A. projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935-36 funds 3
September 1935 to March 1936, inclusive
September to December 1935.
January to December 1936
$133,354,616
175,159, 786
$0.761
$259, 306,338
883,741
106,441,300
1,326,721
142,082,051
.749
2,061,700
212,853,501
9,346,663
8,428,606
8,254,306
11,390,883
10,212,726
10,147,405
.821
.825
.813
16,361,268
13, 543,480
14,486, 389
1987
January. _.
February..
March
131,153
115, 214
113,930
Projects operated by Works Progress Administration *
August 1935 to March 1937, inclusive.
$2,101,780,846 4,495, 791,160
August to December 1935...
January to December 1936.
January
February...
March
$0.467 5 $648, 622,003
367,589,041
170,911,331
1,582,023,819 3,445,582,254
.465
.459
231,218,557
225,300,018
226,101, 290
.513
.513
.507
1987
2,132,861
2,125,742
2,104,938
118,612,830
115,544,451
114,688,415
1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 These data are included in tables covering projects under the jurisdiction of the Public Works Administration. The data for Ma'rch include 98,822 employees working on non-Federal projects and 15,108 employees
working on low-cost housing projects.
4
These data exclude work projects and Student-Aid of the National Youth Administration which
appear
in
separate table.
6
Data on a monthly basis are not available.
Table 17 shows the employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
work projects of the National Youth Administration from January
1936 to February 1937, inclusive. Similar data for Student-Aid
projects are shown from September 1935 to February 1937, inclusive.
33
Table 17.—Employment and Pay Rolls From Beginning of Program Through
March 1937, Inclusive, on National Youth Administration and Student-Aid
Projects Financed by The Works Program x
[Subject to revision]
Number of
man-hours Average
earnings
worked
per hour
during
month
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
persons
employed
Month and year
Value of
material
orders
placed
Work projects
January 1936 to March 1937, inclusive-
$38, 371,395 101,328,572
January to December 1936
January. _.
February..
March
$0,379
28,822,196
75,659,914
.381
3,084,561
3, 239, 694
3, 224,944
8, 212,091
8, 731, 727
8,724,840
.376
.371
.370
> $1, 204,125
1937
184,686
189, 228
191,569
Student-Aid
$41,150,300 135.724,873
September 1935 to March 1937, inclusive.
$0.303
.' i: •* : —:—;—
September to December 1935January to December 1936
19, 612,976
84, 656, 382
.324
9, 549,420
3,110,991 10,732, 622
3,230, 513 11,173,473
.294
.290
6,363,503
25,640,600
1937
389,074
408,055
426, 666
January...
February..
March
1
2
3
Data are for the calendar month.
These data are no available on a monthly basis.
No expenditures for materials on this type of project.
Emergency Conservation Work
STATISTICS concerning employment and pay rolls in emergency conservation work in February and March 1937 are presented in table 18.
Emergency conservation work is usually regarded as a part of
The Works Program, although it is now financed by a separate
appropriation.
Table 18.—Employment
and Pay Rolls in Emergency Conservation
February and March 1937 l
Work,
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees
Amount of pay rolls
March
March
Group
February
February
All groups
307,337
394,521
$15,770,090
$18,314,594
Enrolled personnel 2
Reserve officers
Educational advisers 3'
Supervisory and technical 4
257,155
8,040
2,134
5
40,008
345,454
8,042
2,135
6
38, 890
7,981,431
2,078,225
362,470
5,347,964
10,746,861
1,981,902
358,426
e 5,227,405
5
1
Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amounts of pay rolls are for
entire
month.
2
March data include 3,597 enrollees and pay roll of $62,789 outside continental United States; February
3,570
enrollees
and pay roll of $69,795.
3
Included in executive service, tables 10 and 11.
4
Includes
carpenters,
electricians, and laborers.
5
37,695 employees and pay roll of $5,119,664 also included in executive service, tables 10 and 11.
6
37,117 employees and pay roll of $5,082,517 also included in executive service, tables 10 and 11.
34
Employment and pay-roll data for emergency conservation workers
are collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Department, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce,
the Treasury Department, and the Department of the Interior. The
monthly pay of the enrolled personnel is distributed as follows: 5.0
percent are paid $45; 8.0 percent, $36; and the remaining 87.0 percent,
$30. The enrolled men, in addition to their pay, are provided with
board, clothing, and medical services.
Monthly statistics of employment and pay rolls on the emergency
conservation program from March 1936 to March 1937, inclusive, are
given in table 19.
Table 19.—Employment and Pay Rolls in Emergency Conservation Work, by
Months, March 1936 Through March 1937 *
[Subject to revision]
Number of
employees
Month
Monthly
pay-roll disbursements
July
August..
September
Monthly
pay-roll disbursements
1936— Continued
1936
March
April
May
June
Number of
employees
Month
._...
354,387
389, 032
405. 646
381, 305
$16,924,697
17, 724, 292
18,257, 959
17, 633,925
October
November
December
402, 368
381,425
318,707
18,064,882
17,475. 592
16,005, 247
January
February
March
402,669
389,122
374, 744
$17,292,812
18,232,391
17,382, 448
407, 723
394, 521
307, 337
18,650, 537
18,314, 594
15, 770, 090
1937
_
1
Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amounts of pay rolls are for
entire month.
Construction Projects Financed by Reconstruction Finance Corporation
STATISTICS of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation in March are presented in table 20, by type of project.
Table 20.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, by Type of Project, March 1937 *
[Subject to revision]
Type of project
Number
of wage
earners 2
All projects
7,6
Bridges
Building construction
Reclamation
Water and sewerage..
M iscellaneous
30
619
17
6,683
347
1
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
$929,032
3,188
42,130
948
849,426
33,340
Number of
man-hours Average
earnings
worked
per hour
during
month
1,191,977
75,798
1,830
1,062, 774
48,589
$0. 779
1.068
.556
.518
.799
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
$1,138,460
49,888
442
1,081,094
7,036
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
23 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month.
Includes 55 employees, pay-roll disbursements of $2,111, 2,498 man-hours worked, arid material orders
placed during the month amounting to $6,092 on projects financed by RFC Mortgage Co.
35
A monthly summary of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation from March 1936 to March 1937, inclusive, is
given in table 21.
Table 21.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, March 1936 Through March 1937 * 2
[Subject to revision]
Number of
man-hours
Value of
Average
material
earnings orders
placed
per h o u r during month
Number
of wage
earners 3
Monthly
pay-roll disbursements
March
April
May
June
8,134
10,021
10,988
8,501
$916,059
1,133,880
962, 280
941, 680
1,193,145
1,479,182
1,244,097
1,252,193
$0. 768
.767
.773
.752
$1,385,640
1,292,063
1,441, 248
2,527,262
July
August
September
October
November
December..,
9,843
9,658
10, 290
8,864
9,611
9,189
1,063,728
1,065, 744
1,085, 642
1,002,648
1,108, 258
1,106,816
1,436,201
1,441,791
1, 510,109
1,347,317
1,502,460
1, 514,355
.741
.739
.719
.744
.738
.731
2,050,370
1,314, 692
1,420,444
1,298,643
3,008,077
1,433,075
8,232
7,299
7,696
968,077
864, 776
929,032
1,300,989
1,150,721
1,191, 977
.744
.752
.779
2,329,944
1,018,058
1,138,460
Month
January.
February
March
__
1937
_._
ing month
1 Includes projects financed by RFC Mortgage Co.
2 Data are for month ending on the 15th.
s Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month.
Construction Projects Financed From Regular Governmental
Appropriations
WHENEVER a construction contract is awarded or force-account
work is started by a department or agency of the Federal Government, the Bureau of Labor Statistics is immediately notified, on forms
supplied by the Bureau, of the name and address of the contractor,
the amount of the contract, and the type of work to be performed.
Blanks are then mailed by the Bureau to the contractor or Government agency doing the work. These reports are returned to the
Bureau and show the number of men on pay rolls, the amounts disbursed for pay, the number of man-hours worked on the project, and
the value of the different types of materials for which orders were
placed during the month.
The following tables present data concerning construction projects
for which contracts have been awarded since July 1, 1934. The Bureau
does not have statistics covering projects financed from regular governmental appropriations for which contracts were awarded previous to
that date.
Data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed from regular governmental appropriations during March are given in table 22, by type of project.
36
Table 22.—Employment on Construction Projects Financed From Regular
Governmental Appropriations, by Type of Project, March 1937 *
[Subject to revision]
Number of wage
earners
Type of project
Maximum
number
employed 2
All projects
._
3120,175
Building construction
Electrification
.
Forestry
Naval vessels4
Public roads
23,723
373
12
37,758
Reclamation.River, harbor, and flood control-_
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage __
_
M is cellaneous
917
29,562
1,877
49
2,673
Weekly
average
Value of
Number of
man-hours Average material
orders
worked
earnings
during
per hour placed durmonth
ing month
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
112, 432 $11,847, 783
16, 280,905
$0. 728
$12,820,438
21, 030
330
10
37, 204
23,231
2,135, 557
19, 731
860
5, 250, 539
1, 592,664
2,699, 266
32,662
1,366
6, 060,411
2,933, 012
.791
.604
.630
.866
.543
2,785,308
108,475
190
5, 561, 561
1,379, 544
860
25, 462
1,700
38
2,567
133, 635
2, 432,666
89, 742
4,626
187, 763
176, 697
3, 915, 641
190,095
6,121
265, 634
.756
.621
.472
.756
.707
140,381
2,469,010
94,448
15, 086
266, 435
1
2
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work.
3
Includes weekly average for public roads.
4
Estimated by the Bureau of Public Roads.
* Not available; average number included in total.
Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction
projects financed from regular governmental appropriations from
March 1936 to March 1937, inclusive, are shown by months in table23.
Table 23.—Employment on Construction Projects Financed From Regular
Governmental Appropriations, March 1936 Through March 1937 *
[Subject to revision]
Month
Number
of wage
earners 2
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed during month
1936
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
_
..
49, 585
61,920
80,988
109,056
$3, 603,027
5, 207,801
6,091,936
9,438,391
5,848,368
8, 589,355
10,139,783
14, 658, 624
$0. 616
.606
.601
.644
$6, 856, 592
8, 812, 739
9,843,405
13, 285, 515
146, 265
165, 870
166,902
175,071
152, 513
144, 274
14,286,923
15,341,364
14,846,961
16,931,017
13,766, 630
13,491, 223
21, 624,176
23,151, 796
22,475,820
25, 505,296
20, 375, 741
19,164, 694
.661
.663
.661
.664
.676
.704
25,153,349
19, 288, 486
20, 872, 551
20, 357, 778
16, 370, 640
16, 009, 255
119, 853
112, 770
120,175
11, 857,007
10, 904, 648
11, 847, 783
16, 506,278
14, 735, 028
16,280,905
.718
.740
.728
11, 729, 532
13, 613,251
12,820, 438
1937
January
February
March
12 Data are for the month ending on the 15th. Revised from March through November 1936.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
StatcRoads Projects
A RECORD of employment and pay-roll disbursements in the construction and maintenance of State roads from March 1936 to March
1937, inclusive, is presented in table 24.
37
Table 24.—Employment on Construction and Maintenance of State Roads,
March 1936 Through March 1937 1
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees working on—2
Month
New
roads
Maintenance
Total
Total
pay
roll
1936
March.
April . . .
May___
June...
July....
8,150
11,339
16, 566
20,773
21,744
133,386
143,305
164, 356
165, 363
164,956
141, 536
154, 644
180,922
186,136
186, 700
$7,689,770
8, 918, 024
10, 560,866
11, 488, 253
11,839, 215
August
September.
October
November.
December..
26, 810
34, 459
34,136
27, 988
21, 394
158,882
151, 772
149,717
153,688
138, 540
185, 692
186, 231
183,853
181, 676
159, 934
11,937, 585
11,806, 481
11, 566,892
11,330,509
10, 000,371
15, 622
11, 706
11, 802
117,576
120, 786
119, 046
133,198
132, 492
130,848
8, 387,864
8, 560, 561
8, 333,600
January. __
February.
March
1937
1
Excluding employment furnished by projects financed from Public Works Administration funds and
Works
Progress Administration funds. Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2
Monthly average.
Material Orders Placed
THE value of material orders placed on construction projects financed
by Federal funds in the first quarter of 1937 l is presented in table 25.
In the first quarter of 1937 on the Public Works Administration
program, orders have been placed for materials valued at approximately $66,561,000. Of this amount, $18,890,000 has been expended
for iron and steel products, $3,990,000 for cement, $5,070,000 for
forest products, and $11,510,000 for machinery.
On projects operated by the Works Progress Administration,
material orders placed in the first quarter of 1937 amounted to
$66,026,000. Previous sections of this report have shown the number
of workers employed at the site of construction projects financed
from Federal funds. The direct employment, however, is only a
partial picture, as the manufacture of the materials used on the
projects also creates a large amount of employment.
It is estimated that in fabricating the materials listed in table 25
approximately 687,000 man-months of labor have been, or will be
created. This includes only the labor required in the fabrication of
material in the form in which it is to be used. No estimate is made
of the labor required in producing the raw material or in transporting
it to the point of manufacture. In manufacturing structural steel,
for example, the only labor included is that occurring in the fabricating mills. No estimate is made for the labor created in mining, smelting, and transporting the ore; nor for the labor in the blast furnaces,
the open hearth furnaces, and the blooming mills.
1
Unless otherwise specified, data presented in this section are of the 15th of the month.
38
Table 25.—Value of Material Orders Placed on Construction Projects Financed
by Federal Funds for the First Quarter of 1937
[Subject to revision]
Projects
Type of material
Total
$196,772,498
All materials
1
Textiles and their products.
8,968,777
21,632
Awnings, tents, canvas, etc
3,275
Carpets and rugs
18,779
Cordage and twine
1,740
Cotton goods
7,212
Felt goods
_
_
.-_
4,145
Jute goods
-.
102,383
Linoleum
__.
44,119
Sacks and bags
.._
4,000
Upholstering materials, n. e. c
2,861
Waste
Federal
Reconconstruc- Operated
Public
Regular tion
under
Works struction
governby
The
Adminis- Finance
Corpo-2 mental 3 Works
W. P. A.
tration i ration
Program *
$66,561,476 $4,486,462 $38,163,221 $21,535,585 $66,025, 754
118, 644
Forest products..
Cork products
Lumber and timber products, n. e. c.
Planing-mill products
Window and door screens and
weatherstrip.
17,088,283
5,070, 245
24,846
7,342, 301
2, 336,471
17, 369
3,452, 724
1,556,508
50, 374
43,644
Chemicals and allied products
Ammunition and related products.
Chemicals, miscellaneous
Compressed and liquefied gases
Explosives
Paints and varnishes
5 3, 386,872
22,398
56, 514
59,617
547,142
1,891,065
Stone, clay, and glass products
Asbestos products, n. e. c
Brick, hollow tile, and other clay
products
Cement
Concrete products
_.
Crushed stone
Glass
Lime
Marble, granite, slate, and other
stone products
Minerals and earth, ground or
otherwise treated
Sand and gravel
Tiling,floorand wall, and terrazo—
Wall plaster, wallboard, insulating
board, andfloorcomposition
49,220,744
22,632
7,300, 726
13,946,895
7,418, 637
4, 250, 655
330,924
40,482
1,709
7,153
3, 259
1,955
1,275
6,450
3,094
91,294
99
4,000
65
67,897
21,896
4,199
16
11,824
116
25
85
7,793
42,945
8,571
8,758, 631
5,000
349
737
966
3,296
1,075
1,902
89,029
2,185, 513 2,409,205
5 7, 334, 291
86, 803
2,226
6,326
1,825,044
348,316
680,741
66,927
277,985
381,082
22,398
26,125
17, 872
192,858
421,488
12, 533
53,800
594
23,427
11,004
128,160
115,394
6,962
18, 208
172,324
183,588
1,170, 001
17,362,862 2,178,174
5,163,990
4, 273,403
20, 242, 315
5,827
19,466
1,076
2,090
379, 779
1, 715,148
333,885
672, 201
54,554
4,869
205,934
1, 532, 946
527, 578
369,578
36,104
5,105
795
712,371
291,189
120,351
510
2,804
1,075,657
108,199
122
1,009, 552
212,976
103,447
80, 229
3,686,458
5,092
3,990, 369 2,042, 702
3,553,166
1, 554
723,488
3,649
239,905
361
30,508
2,378,190
1,373,835
12, 283
8, 515, 669
849,388
9,357
2,240,094
527,703
1,155,349
968,513
1,151
1,977, 730
429,421
1,980,137
3,023,463
4, 665, 730
3,002,454
2,481,739
4, 070,015
Iron and steel and their products,
p
ildi
hi
'45,470,461 18.890,137
775,645 7, 762,049 5,970,275 12,072,355
nott including
machinery
Bolts, nuts, washers, etc
354, 691
168,758
78, 691
Cast-iron pipe and fittings
6,857,424
2,600,681
72,131
331,425
205,742
3,647,445
Doors, shutters, and window sash
and frames, molding and trim
(metal)
2,355,005
1, 555, 684
502
768, 663
30,156
Firearms
Forgings, iron and steel.
_.
807,525
168, 378
4,704
530,913
103,530
Hardware, miscellaneous
1,817, 375
1,027,463
48,749
354,457
386, 706
Heating and ventilating equipment 5,213,184 3,649, 740
484,402
163,939
1,820
913,283
Nails and spikes
255, 728
123, 721
42,361
88,625
1,021
1 Includes material orders placed on P. W. A. projectsfinancedby the Emergency Relief Appropriation
Acts
2 of 1935 and 1936.
Does not include material orders placed on projects for which contracts were awarded before Mar. 15,
1934. Includes projectsfinancedby RFC Mortgage Company.
39
Table 25.—Value of Material Orders Placed on Construction Projects Financed
by Federal Funds for the First Quarter of 1937—Continued
Projects
Type of material
Rail fastenings, excluding spikes
Rails, steel
Springs, steel
Steel-works and rolling-mill products, n e e
Stoves and ranges, other than electric
_
Structural and reinforcing steel
Switches railway
Tools, other than machine tools
Wire products, n. e. c
Wrought pipe
Nonferrous metals and their products
Total
Public
Works
Administration
Reconstruction
Finance
Corporation
Regular
governmental
Federal
construction under Operated
by
The
W. P. A.
Works
Program
$9, 684
115,600
119
$3,071
65, 599
119
$531
1,300
$4,291
44,137
$1,791
4,564
4, 525,758
2,184,869
70, 676
1,616,854
653, 359
9,302
16, 297,643
685
1,178, 797
977,911
741,103
8,221
6,109, 376
558,003
436
2,845,868
54, 778
353, 781
629,965
1,180
6,902
1,438
81,423
414, 080
73, 981
645
3,853,432
685
159,543
203,148
35, 719
M,598,230
666,188
225
371,159
209, 528
143,356
89,923
34,661
87,329
70,100
31,826
10
56,000
10,949
1,901
27
8,874
924
344,886
625,945
8,329
95,134
378, 695
3,104
245,346
51, 944
5,019
4,259
195, 238
206
Machinery, not including trans5 33,627,840
portation equipment
11, 509, 632
932, 448 15, 200, 355
2,891, 504
s 3,093, 901
1,230,126
2,318
1, 647, 584
Aluminum manufactures
Copper products
- _Lead products
Nonferrous-metal alloys and products n e e
Sheet-metal work
Zinc products
Electrical machinery, apparatus,
9,099,435
and supplies
Elevators and elevator equipment. 1, 653,693
Engines, turbines, tractors, and
5, 214, 467
waterwheels
Foundry and machine-shop prod15,096, 866
ucts, n. e. c
394,994
Machine tools
Meters (gas, water, etc.) and gas
114,303
generators
Pumps and pumping e q u i p m e n t - 1,847,489
Refrigerators and refrigerating and
132,887
ice-making apparatus
Transportation equipment—air,
land, and water... _ _
Aircraft (new)
Airplane parts
Boats, steel and wooden (small)
Carriages and wagons
Locomotives, other than steam
Locomotives, steam
Motorcycles and parts
Motor vehicles, passenger
Motor vehicles, trucks
Railway cars, freight
Railway cars, mail and express
Railway cars, passenger
Miscellaneous _ _ .
__.
1,999,118
1,172, 929
147
68
61,254
4,201
4,161,353
474, 245
742,472
45, 799
4,124,091
302,105
6, 646,837
136, 350
820, 813
171
5,073, 703
191,952
1,182, 902
66, 521
114, 200
626, 631
210
1,126,698
103
93,950
48,313
13,479
30,066
240,892
3,997
1,094
5,038
972
71,095
$2,930, 964
881,873
s 351,130
1, 372, 611
55, 657
425, 232
86,179
16,900
9,778
7,865
7,712
118, 598
279,956
1,124
69,478
1,784
10, 654
6,925
18, 050
108,765
126,117
55, 657
36,986, 059
12,176, 848
429,867
7,104,207
5,137,800
12,137, 337
12,438
45
22
8,753
8,686
Belting, miscellaneous
53,228
581, 260
412, 020
55, 677
552
59,783
Coal
571
754
82
101
Creosote
773, 684
5, 312, 346
2, 674, 213
25, 371 1,839,078
Electric wiring and fixtures
Furniture, including store and
989, 605
300
45,144
108,001
2, 844,146
1, 701,096
office fixtures
Instruments, professional
and
5,220
35, 389
63,174
103, 783
scientific
. .12, 008
11,832
176
Mattresses and bed springs
1,872
76
703
1,093
Models and patterns
15,136
1,769
11, 797
1,570
Paper products
5
Includes material orders placed for projects operated by W. P . A. which are not classified in detail.
40
Table 25.—Value of Material Orders Placed on Construction Projects Financed
by Federal Funds for the First Quarter of 1937—Continued
Projects
Type of material
Total
Paving materials and mixtures,
$4,266,078
n. e. c
Petroleum products
5,500,766
Photographic apparatus and materials
49,188
4,148, 294
Plumbing supplies, n. e. c _
11, 605
Kadio apparatus and supplies
Roofing materials, n. e. c
842, 786
Rubber goods
399, 984
Steam and other packing, pipe
and boiler covering, and gaskets.
204, 571
Theatrical scenery and stage equipment
46, 571
62, 446
Window shades and fixtures
12, 573, 712
Other materials. .
__
Federal
construction under Operated
by
The
W . P . A.
Works
Program
Public
Works
Administration
Reconstruction
Finance
Corporation
$486,682
1,105, 725
$337
143,663
$318, 648
1, 580, 452
$189,922
1,112, 581
$3, 270, 489
1, 558, 345
Regular
governmental
22, 265
2, 374, 069
11, 605
599, 740
49,810
8,179
25,146
468,052
1,777
355,099
942, 895
2,503
29,654
78, 768
33, 321
161, 775
79, 344
207,855
183, 027
442
20, 254
848
46, 571
58, 783
2, 739,096
218, 866
262
2, 506, 283
3,401
2, 353, 339
4, 756,128
The information concerning man-months of labor created in fabricating materials is obtained by sending a questionnaire to each firm
receiving an award for materials to be financed from Federal or State
funds. The manufacturer is requested to make an estimate of the
number of man-hours created in his plant in manufacturing the materials specified in the contract. For materials purchased directly by
contractors the Bureau estimates the man-months of labor created.
This estimate is based upon the findings of the Census of Manufacturers for 1933.
The value of material orders placed on Federal professional, technical, and clerical projects financed by The Works Program, by type
of material, for the first quarter of 1937, the first quarter of 1936, and
the last quarter of 1936 is shown in table 26.
Table 26.—Value of Material Orders Placed on Federal Professional, Technical
and Clerical Projects Financed by The Works Program
[Subject to revision]
Type of material
First quarter First quarter Last quarter
of 1937
of 1936
of 1936
Total
Computing machines
Furniture
Office supplies
Stationery
Typewriters
Other office machines
Other materials
Rental of machinery and equipment
$202,211
$347,609
2,450
6,502
53,158
7,938
13,073
12,605
40, 602
6,645
5,499
13,074
25, 632
12,139
7,553
17,651
103, 612
92,020
9,354
9,334
77,218
33,380
1,203
948
246,178
42,936
41
A cumulative total for rentals and services on projects operated by
the Works Progress Administration from July 1935 to December 1936,
inclusive, and for the first quarter of 1937 is shown in table 27, by type
of rental and service.
Table 27.—Rentals and Services on Projects Operated by the Works Progress
Administration
[Subject to revision]
July 1935
through
December
1936
Type of rental and service
All rentals and services
Busses and autos.
Teams and wagons
Trucks and vans
Other transportation and travel
_
_
.
Paving, road building, and other construction equipment.
Other equipment (including office equipment).
Space rentals and services
Other services (including utilities)
1
First quarter
of 1937 i
$212,105,768
2,660,632
15,660,403
115, 957,483
4,651,823
$46,150,914
742,342
2,202,463
22,734,107
1,183,674
54,855,178
5, 844,836
5,812,968
6,662,445
13, 532,815
685,243
2, 043,446
3,026,824
Quarterly period ending Mar. 31,1937.
In connection with the administration of the Walsh-Healy Act the
Bureau of Labor Statistics has been collecting data on supply contracts
awarded by Federal agencies of the United States for the manufacture
or furnishing of materials, supplies, articles, and equipment in any
amount exceeding $10,000.
Table 28 shows the cumulative value of public contracts awarded
under the act for materials from September 28, 1936, to December
1936, inclusive, and for the first quarter of 1937. The first public
contracts were awarded under the act in September 1936.
Table 28.—Value of Supply Contracts Awarded by the Federal Government
Which Contain Agreements to Comply With the Public Contracts Act, by
Industrial Groups and Type of Material
[Subject to revision]
Value of contracts awarded
Type of materials
All materials
Food and kindred products
•Canned fruits and vegetables._
Cereal preparations
Coffee
Condensed and evaporated milk
Feeds, prepared, for animals and fowls..
Flour and other grain-mill products
Meat-packing products. _
Shortenings and vegetable cooking oil
Sugar
Tea
Miscellaneous subsistence stores and supplies.
Sept. 28,
quarter
1936, through First1937
Dec. 1936
$39,732,359
$75,203,441
1,425,903
4,053,504
74,377
12, 860
92,103
60,313
178,897
238,930
331, 905
205,364
130,514
16,421
84, 219
265,654
26, 826
633,803
329,639
392,322
197,533
367,443
98,855
414,187
1,327,242
42
Table 28.—Value of Supply Contracts Awarded by the Federal Government
Which Contain Agreements to Comply With the Public Contracts Act, by
Industrial Groups and Type of Material—Continued
[Subject to revision]
Value of contracts awarded
Type of materials
Sept. 28,
quarter
1936, through First1937
Dec. 1936
$6,501,319
Textiles and their products
$34,127, 602
Canvas bags and covers
Clothing (overcoats, suits, trousers, etc.)
Cordage and twine, including thread
_
Cotton gloves
__.
Cotton goods (drills, prints, sheeting, etc.)
..
Cotton shirts
Furnishing goods, men's, n. e. c
House-furnishing goods (pillow cases, sheets, etc.) Knit goods (hosiery, underwear, etc.)
Oilcloth
Woolen goods (flannel, suiting, etc.)
Work clothing
Miscellaneous textile products
68, 811
47,500
30, 940
9,999
205,292
312, 758
007,447
301,435
34,350
10,350
330,544
95,345
46,548
19,381,813
1,972,042
780,320
Forest products
794,451
822,271
Cork and cork products.-Furniture
Lumber and timber products, n. e. c
Planing-mill products.
Treated lumber and timber
Miscellaneous forest products
__
15,873
36,460
377,345
181, 729
183,044
__
2,312,464
_.
11, 209
62,321
18,872
2,220,062
210,195
Chemicals and allied products.
992,535
1,172,470
Ammunition and related products-.._._.
Compressed and liquefied gases
Explosives
Fertilizer
Linseed oil
Paints and varnishes
Soap and soap chips
Miscellaneous chemicals
60,971
498, 585
57, 567
52,663
67,135
74,644
180,970
37,044
32,080
114,105
122,134
205,427
303,613
358,067
Paper and allied products.-
_
Blueprint paper
Ledger paper
Paper towels
Miscellaneous paper products
1,188, 794
182, 853
243,516
4, 503, 608
420,241
367, 584
2,857, 826
lf
47,378
462,912
165, 638
130,297
16,046
210,195
Products of asphalt, coal, and petroleum.
11,201,280
5,061,152
Asphalt, oil, tar, and mixtures..
CoalCoke..
Fuel oil and lubricating oil
Gasoline
Miscellaneous coal and petroleum product
1,350,648
29,746
11/335
5,123, 845
4, 660, 206
25, 500
517, 909
24, 659
1,715,759
2, 781, 825
21,000
Leather and its manufactures
1,237, 698
3,105, 231
Belting leather
Boots and shoes
Boot and shoe cut stock
Boot and shoe findings
Gloves
_
Shoe upper leather
Miscellaneous feather goods
15, 203
1,026,156
Stone, clay, and glass products.
3,184. 097
2,255,695
115, 883
855,820
517, 767
220,697
422,876
40,000
72,315
45,500
1,018, 284
231, 921
240,093
149,628
BrickCement
•_
Concrete pipe
Concrete, ready mixed.
Crushed stone
Dirt fill
Glass
26,106
38,882
90,325
41,026
2,939, 380
15, 077
38,319
112,455
16,397
Table 28.-—Value of Supply Contracts Awarded by the Federal Government
Which Contain Agreements to Comply With the Public Contracts Act, by
Industrial Groups and Type of Material—Continued
[Subject to revision]
Value of contracts awarded
Type of materials
Marble and granite
Minerals and earths
Riprap stone...
Sand and gravel
Soil, black, earth
Terracotta
Tile, clay
_
_
_
Tile, drain
Vitrified clay and terra cotta pipe
Miscellaneous stone, clay, and glass products.._
Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery..
Cast-iron pipe and fittings
Fencing materials
Forgings, iron and steel
Hardware, miscellaneous
Metal doors, sash, and frames
Metal furniture_
Metal shingles.
Ornamental metalwork
Pipe and fittings
Plumbing
fixtures
__
Rails, steel
Railway tie plates
_
Reinforcing bars
Steel pipe
Steel sheets, plates, shapes, and strips
Structural steel, fabricated, and sheet steel piling
Tools, other than machine tools
Wire rope
Miscellaneous iron and steel products
Nonferrous metals and their alloys.
Aluminum manufactures
Brass
Bronze.
Magnesium
_.
Nickel
Plated ware
Sheet-metal work..
Tin..
ZincMiscellaneous nonferrous metals and alloys.
Machinery, not including transportation equipment and electrical equipment
...
Air-conditioning equipment
Engines, turbines, tractors, and parts .
Filter-room equipment
Laundry machinery and equipment-..
Machine tools..
Phonographs and accessories
Power shovels and draglines
Printing machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Refrigerators.
Road machinery.
Windlasses, hawsers, etc
Miscellaneous machinery and parts
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppliesBatteries
Cable and insulated wire.
Circuit breakers
Electric dynamometer
Sept. 28,
quarter
1936, through First1937
Dec. 1936
$56,001
$3,662
75,900
173,759
448, 900
103,490
16,155
11, 711
39,161
$15,119
2. 788,039
4,107, 583
179, 712
60,879
114,209
220,453
31,985
579, 845
51,256
44, 559
115,156
46,980
124, 731
63,384
59,896
19, 010
85, 366
139,386
11, 270
153,430
29, 750
17, 600
73,668
35, 325
114, 564
20,690
164,069
290, 096
180, 935
536, 301
148,191
111, 436
545, 914
110,123
35, 670
1,089,124
734, 695
42,986
314,536
737,195
370,023
1,720,297
90, 733
87,700
191,887
15, 270
577, 239
12,874
23,892
80, 250
61,320
50,250
"127803"
74,667
1, 572, 719
18,800
607,085
39, 331
37,977
145,839
28,130
54,978
311, 558
12,348
404, 421
6,064,058
57,500
777,968
26,640
94, 779
150, 636
61,265
472,348
16,000
476,045
69,081
836,280
35,355
42,024
30,108
3,190,084
2,358, 636
4,957, 537
39,933
607,040
41,336
13,105
1,043,031
1,875,843
54,055
397,577
44
Table 28.—Value of Supply Contracts Awarded by the Federal Government
Which Contain Agreements to Comply With the Public Contracts Act, by
Industrial Groups and Type of Material—Continued
[Subject to revision]
Value of contracts awarded
Type of materials
Sept. 28,
quarter
1936, through First1937
Dec. 1936
Electric motors
_..
Electric heaters and ranges.
Electric starters
Electric valves
_
Electric welding equipment
Generators and spare parts
Lighting equipment...
___
Radio equipment and supplies
__
Spark plugs
Switchboards
Transformers
Transmitters, shaft, master indicators
Miscellaneous electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppliesTransportation equipment
_
Aircraft
_
_._
Aircraft parts and equipment—
Boats (lifeboats)
Dump wagons
Motor vehicles, passenger
Motor vehicles, trucks
_
Trucks, n. e. c
_
Miscellaneous...
Brooms, brushes, bristles, etc
_.
Cafeteria equipment
Instruments, professional and scientific
Laboratory equipment
Oyster shell
.__
Photographic apparatus and material
Printing and publishing
Rubber products
Other materials..
$25,020
39,078
40,998
11, 585
115,102
1,009,473
182,094
82, 287
12,000
11,467
96, 727
18,895
12,496
$11,694
108,021
271,809
3, 399,060
5,651,403
785, 519
2, 388,813
88,018
3,457,059
39,359
299,684
372,116
852,197
40, 386
41, 550
41,206
14,450
100,242
97,411
12, 625
507, 622
1, 559, 345
1, 594,135
1, 894,443
127, 536
18,633
726, 726
16, 263
31,150
33,000
396, 825
41, 529
87, 675
114, 798
220,155
"417," 893
184,192
273, 741
264,046
534,416
The value of public contracts awarded for materials by Federal
agencies totaled $39,732,000 in 1936 and amounted to $75,203,000
during the first quarter of 1937. Of the contracts awarded in the
first quarter of 1937, $34,128,000 was for textiles and textile products,
$6,064,000 for machinery not including transportation and electrical
equipment, and $5,651,000 for transportation equipment.
o
@FedFRASER