Full text of Employment and Payrolls : March 1935
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Serial N o . R . 2 3 1
UNITED STATES D E P A R T M E N T OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Isador Lubin, Commissioner
T r e n d
o f E m p lo y m e n t
+
March 1935
+
Prepared by
Division of Employment Statistics
Lbwk E. T
a lb er t,
Chief
and
Division ofConstruction and Public Employment
H
er m an
B. Byer,
Chief
UNI T E D STATES
G O V E R N M E N T P R I N T I N G OFFICE
W A S H I N G T O N : 1935
CONTENTS
Page
Employment in M arch 1935------------------- ------------------------------------------Industrial employment_______________________________________________
M anufacturing industries_________________________________________
Long-time trend of factory employment and pay rolls__________
Estimated number of wage earners and weekly pay ro lls_______
Nonmanufacturing industries_____________________________________
Indexes of employment and pay-roll totals in nonmanufacturing
industries_________________________________________________
Employment in building construction_________________________
Employment on class I railroads______________________________
Trend of industrial employment by States_________________________
Industrial employment and pay rolls in principal cities_____________
Public employment___________________________________________________
Employment and pay rolls in the Federal service__________________
Employment created by Public W orks Adm inistration funds_______
Comparison by geographic divisions__________________________
Monthly trend______________________________________________
Value of m aterial orders placed_______________________________
Emergency-work program________________________________________
Emergency conservation work____________________________________
State-road projects_______________________________________________
Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Cor
poration_______________________________________________________
Construction projects financed from regular appropriations_________
Wage-rate changes___________________________________________________
Manufacturing industries_________________________________________
Nonmanufacturing industries_____________________________________
(ii)
1
2
2
8
10
12
15
17
21
22
30
30
31
33
35
37
37
40
41
42
43
46
49
49
52
TR E N D OF EM P LO YM EN T
Trend 6f Employment, March 1935
O N T I N U E D business activity in March was attended by a
further rise in industrial employment and pay rolls. Approxi
mately 124,000 workers were returned to jobs in the industries can
vassed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, while the weekly wage
bill was increased by $4,700,000, comparing March with February
1935. These estimates are based on reports from 129,681 repre
sentative establishments employing 6,533,946 workers in March
1935.
A comparison with March 1934 shows 124,000 more employees and
an increase of $16,600,000 in weekly wages paid out in March of this
year.
Manufacturing industries alone accounted for gains over the
month interval of 97,000 or 1.5 percent in employment and $3,300,000
or 2.5 percent in weekly wages, while retail trade gave jobs to 36,000
more workers in March than in February with an added weekly wage
disbursement of over $1,000,000.
In addition to the total gains already mentioned, there was a gain
over the month of 9,000 workers or 0.9 percent in employment on
class I railroads.
Industrial Employment
C
M a n u f a c t u r i n g Industries
T h e March index of factory employment is 82.4 as compared
with an average of 100 for the 3-year period 1923-25. This repre
sents a gain over February of 1.5 percent or approximately 97,000
workers and, excepting April and May of last year, is the highest
point reached since November 1930. The March pay-roll index
stands at 70.7 and exceeds all previous levels since May 1931. The
gain from February was 2.3 percent or approximately $3,300,000 in
weekly wages.
March marks the fourth successive month in which gains in factory
employment and pay rolls were shown. Increases are usually shown
in March as evidenced by the fact that over the 16-year period
1919-34, employment rose in this month in each of 13 years and
pay rolls in each of 12 years. The current gains compare favorably
(1)
2
with the increases in all of these years except 1934 when business
activity was greater than usual.
Sixty-eight of the ninety manufacturing industries surveyed
showed increased employment, while 67 showed gains in pay rolls. Of
the 14 major groups into which the manufacturing industries are
classified, only 1, food, showed less employees in March than in
February. The percentage decline was 1.2, which was the equivalent
of almost 8,000 workers. The greatest increase in employment
(more than 18,000) was shown in the machinery group. The per
centage gain was 2.6 and was shared by 7 of the 9 industries com
prising this group. Among them were foundry and machine-shop,
electrical machinery, agricultural implement, and machine-tool
industries. The gain in the latter industry reflected demand for
metal-cutting power-driven machinery, while the settlement of labor
difficulties accounted in part for the rise in agricultural implements.
More than 15,000 workers were returned to employment in the trans
portation group, the net increase of 2.7 percent being due primarily to
gains of 19.6 percent in the electric and steam car-building industry
and 1.7 in automobiles. Seasonal expansion in the wearing apparel
industries was the major factor in the return to work of 13,000 em
ployees in the textile group, although 3 of the 8 fabric-manufacturing
industries also showed gains. Substantial numbers of employees
ranging from 3,000 to 11,000 were also returned to work in the
chemical, lumber, iron and steel, stone-clay-glass, nonferrous metal,
leather, and railroad-repair shop groups. The paper and printing,
tobacco products, and rubber products groups together accounted for
a gain of approximately 2,000 wage earners.
Employment in the durable-goods industries was still 29.2 percent
below the level of the base period 1923-25, while employment in the
nondurable-goods industries was only 5.2 percent below the base
period. The gains over the month interval were 2.2 percent in the
former and only 0.7 percent in the latter. The increases in pay rolls
were more pronounced.
The Bureau’
s indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are com
puted from returns supplied by representative establishments in 90
manufacturing industries. In March reports were received from
24,659 establishments employing in that month 3,893,468 workers
whose weekly wages were $82,132,593. More than 50 percent of all
the wage earners in the manufacturing industries of the country were
covered by these reports.
Per capita weekly earnings are also computed from these reports.
They should not be confused with full-time weekly rates of wages, as
they are obtained by dividing the total number of employees (parttime as well as full-time workers) into the total weekly pay roll. In
March the average weekly earnings for all manufacturing industries
3
combined were $21.09 or 0.8 percent higher than in February. Sixtythree of the ninety manufacturing industries canvassed showed
higher weekly rates of pay in March than in February, the percent
age changes ranging from 8.7 to 0.3.
Reports of man-hour data by a smaller number of establishments—
some firms do not report man-hours— showed that average hours
worked per week during March were 0.3 percent higher than in Febru
ary and average hourly earnings were 0.4 percent higher. Of the
industries forwhich man-hour data are published, 55 showed increases
in average hours worked per week and 48 reported increased hourly
earnings. Man-hour data are not published for any industry for
which available information covers less than 20 percent of all em
ployees in that industry.
Detailed statistics concerning employment, pay rolls, average hours
worked per week, per capita weekly earnings, and average hourly
earnings in manufacturing industries in March are presented in
table 1. This table also presents the percentage changes from
February of this year and March of last year.
Table 1.—Employment, Pay Rolls, and Earnings in Manufacturing Industries, March 1935
Industry
All industries.... ......... ....... -......
Durable goods group......... ....... .....
Nondurable goods group----- ------ -----Durable
Percentage
Index
M a r c h change from—
1935
(3-year
average Febru Ma r c h
1923-25 ary 1935 1934
-100)
Percentage
Percentage
Index
change from—
March change from—
Aver
1935
age in
(3-year
M a rc h
average Febru M a r c h
1935 Febru M a rc h
1923-25 ary 1935 1934
ary 1935 1934
-100)
82.4
+1.5
+2.0
70.7
+2.3
+9.1
70.8
94.8
+2.2
+.7
+5.5
— .6
60.5
83.8
+3.2
+1.6
+14.6
+4.6
71.8
74.0
78.3
48.6
+1.6
+1.5
+.3
+.1
+2.6
+5.6
-2.2
-3.4
59.3
63.3
66.1
25.1
+. 5
-.7
+3.6
-2.1
80.1
61.7
56.5
72.4
+2.2
+.9
+.4
+3.1
+.3
-.2
-29.9
+26.6
61.2
51.6
47.9
44.8
50.3
91.8
55.0
86.4
+1.5
+3.2
+2.3
+1.2
+9.8
+9.7
+2.0
+1.2
64.3
124.5
+1.6
+1.6
84.1
101.3
Average hours worked Average hourly earnings1
per w e e k 1
Percentage
Percentage
change from—
change from—
Aver
Aver
age in
age in
March
Ma r c h
r
1935 Febru M a r c h
1935 Febru M
ary 1935 1934
ary 1935 1934
Cents
*56.8
+0.4
+5.9
+5.4
+12.3
-2.6
66.8
56.6
48.5
-.1
-.5
-.8
+8.7
+.9
+1.1
-.3
-1.8
-3.3
+1.4
-.4
+.2
+7.6
+16.1
54.6
61.8
55.7
53.2
(*)
+2.0
-.5
-.2
+6.3
+10.2
-3.3
+1.5
36.0
36.9
33.6
37.4
-.8
+4.5
+1.5
+5.6
+1.3
-2.4
+3.0
-1.0
59.4
56.8
58.8
53.3
(3)
-.2
-.7
+.8
+7.5
+8.4
+5.7
+2.1
+11.1
+16.8
39.7
38.3
+1.0
-.5
+1.1
+6.3
54.5
59.0
-.2
-.3
+12.1
+9.6
+3.0
+8.6
39.8
+3.6
-2.1
60.2
-.3
+12.1
+1.1
+11.0
39.2
-.3
+3.4
68.6
+1.2
+6.1
+1.6
+16.8
36.3
+1.4
+6.9
61.6
+.3
+7.5
21.09
+0.8
+7.0
*36.6
+0.3
+0.5
+15.6
+21.3
+11.3
-3.8
23.45
21.97
13.88
-2.2
+3.2
-2.2
+15.1
+14.1
-.5
35.2
38.8
28.2
-1.9
+3.7
-1.7
+2.0
+1.2
-3.5
+4.5
+7.0
+7.3
-25.9
+48.8
20.83
23.95
19.61
19.65
-.2
+. 3
-3.8
+1.4
+6.7
+7.8
+6.4
+18.0
38.1
38.7
35.3
36.9
33.5
68.2
38.7
83.3
+1.0
+7.7
+2.9
+7.7
+20.9
+19.6
+10.3
+4.5
21.44
20.98
19.70
20.05
-.6
+4.3
+ .6
+6.5
+10.2
+8.8
+7.4
+3.2
+3.0
-.8
60.5
115.1
+2.3
+.8
+15.2
+15.7
21.68
22.64
+.6
-.7
+2.6
+9.3
+9.5
+33.5
66.9
113.7
+4.4
+12.7
+19.9
+45.4
23.76
103.0
+.9
+3.5
83.6
+2.0
+14.8
26.78
69.2
+2.5
+12.0
57.2
+4.0
+30.6
22.83
Goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery----------------- ---------- ---Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills..
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets............
Cast-iron pipe----- ---------------------Cutlery (not including silver and plated cut
lery), and edge tools... ............ ....
Forgings, iron and steel.......... ........
Hardware___________ ______ ____________
Plumbers’supplies---- --------------- —
Steam and hot-water-heating apparatus and
steam fittings------- --------- ---------Stoves----------------- ----------------Structural and ornamental metal work......
Tin cans and other tinware............... .
Tools (not including edge tools, machine
tools, files, and saws)........... ........ .
Wirework................. .... ..........
Machinery, not including transportation equip
me n t..................................... .
Agricultural implements..... ............ .
Cash registers, adding machines, and calcu
lating machines.......... ............. .
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup
plies..................................
Per capita weekly
earnings 1
P a y roll
Em p loyment
Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels.
Foundry and machine-shop products...... .
Machine tools........................... .
Radios and phonographs................. .
Textile machinery and parts.............. .
Typewriters and parts................... .
Transportation equipment................... .
Aircraft................................. .
Automobiles............................ .
Cars, electric, and steam-railroad.......... .
Locomotives............................ .
Shipbuilding»............................
Railroad repair shops........................ .
Electric railroad... ..................... .
Steam railroad.......................... .
Nonferrous metals and their products......... .
A l u m i n u m manufactures..................
Brass, bronze, and copper products.. .......
Clocks and watches and time-recording de
vices.................................. .
Jewelry................................. .
Lighting equipment.......................
Silverware and plated ware............... .
Smelting and refining— copper, lead, and zinc
Stamped and enameled ware...............
L u m b e r and allied products.................. .
Furniture...............................
Lumber:
Mill wor k ............................
Sawmills............................ .
Turpentine and rosin.................... .
Stone, clay, and glass products............... .
Brick, tile, and terra cotta................ .
C e m e n t ..................................
Glass.. ................................ .
Marble, granite, slate, and other products....
Pottery................................. .
25.36
22.23
25.09
18.50
22.10
21.62
+.8
+1.1
+1.7
+5.5
-.4
+3.0
+12.3
+7.3
+3.2
+8.2
+.5
-.1
38.9
37.1
40.5
33.3
36.5
37.5
+ .8
+1.1
+1.8
+7.4
+.3
+4.5
+5.1
+1.9
-.8
0)
-3.6
-8.0
65.4
59.9
61.9
55.7
60.8
57.5
ft
<3)
-.2
-1.6
-.3
-1.2
+6.S
+5.3
+3.2
+6.0
+3.3
+9.5
25.61
28.04
22.24
22.20
24.50
+3.0
+.4
+5.2
+2.5
+3.9
-2.1
+4.1
+10.9
+11.6
+12.6
39.7
39.6
36.0
34.8
32.1
+2.1
+.3
+3.7
+.6
+1.6
-2.5
-5.1
+3.2
+3.1
+4.9
64.6
71.0
62.0
63.8
75.2
+.6
+.7
+1.3
+1.9
+1.8
+1.8
+8.5
+5.6
+7.7
+10.4
27.25
26.03
+1.7
+2.0
+4.2
+5.9
45.1
40.0
+1.8
+2.3
+.7
+.9
60.1
65.2
+.2
-.2
+4.9
+4.8
21.30
22.38
+1.3
-.3
+16.6
+8.5
38.9
38.9
-.8
-1.5
+46.5
+2.8
54.8
57.6
+2.0
+1.1
+1.8
+6.7
+4.4
-.2
-.8
+2.1
+.7
+5.3
+4.3
+5.5
18.96
19.41
18.97
21.42
20.93
19.78
+3.4
-.1
-2.9
-.2
-.1
+2.4
+6.6
+1.9
+2.7
+4.8
+2.8
+8.5
39.4
35.6
36.3
37.3
38.1
38.6
+2.6
-2.2
-4.2
-.3
-1.3
+1.6
-.8
-2.4
-1.7
-2.6
-2.7
+2.6
48.0
54.4
52.8
57.0
54.9
51.1
+. 6
+1.5
+1.1
(3)
+1.3
+1.2
+7.7
+9.2
+3.8
+8.2
+5.4
+7.5
17.12
+2.2
+10.1
38.0
+1.6
+7.5
44.9
+.4
+1.7
25.8
22.4
62.3
37.4
16.3
25.0
81.3
15.2
52.4
+2.1
+4.4
-3.4
+7.5
+&3
+13.3
+7.5
+5.8
+4.1
1 78
15.29
14.33
+1.2
+1.8
-6.8
+9.0
+5.1
+14.9
35.8
35.3
09
+.8
+.3
09
+5.6
+2.4
0>)
44.0
43.8
09
+ .5
+1.6
09
+3.4
+.7
09
15.18
18.05
20.40
20.85
18.73
+• 9
+3.0
+5.2
+2.4
+2.0
+15.3
+6.0
+9.3
+1.7
+10.4
33.2
31.5
35.1
31.4
35.9
+1.5
+3.3
+4.5
+3.6
+1.1
+5.4
-2.2
-.5
-3.1
+.4
45.6
57.3
58.5
67.0
51.4
-.4
-.3
+1.0
-1.2
+1.0
+6.8
+8.2
+10.1
+6.4
+9.4
86.8
83.3
68.3
80.6
79.6
100.3
83.1
114.6
65.6
72.5
+2.7
-1.4
+13.0
-2.7
-2.9
-.3
+2.4
+2.3
-6.3
-3.2
20.71
13.36
16.84
19.77
22.85
17.03
15.66
17.93
+4.5
-1.5
-2.5
+.5
(3>
+. 4
-.4
-1.8
+19.8
+2.5
+2.8
+2.4
+5.4
+5.2
+6.3
+6.0
37.0
35.1
37.2
36.5
31.9
35.8
34.6
36.2
+3.6
-1.4
-3.1
-.3
-1.5
+.8
-.3
-2.2
+2.4
-.4
+2.2
-1.1
-5.3
+.6
+4.1
+6.2
55.7
38.1
45.0
54.0
70.6
48.2
45.3
49.5
+.9
09
+. 2
+.7
-.7
-.2
-.2
+. 6
+10.6
+2.5
+*4
+4.1
+5.7
+5.2
+4.5
-.7
90.8
73.5
79.6
189.0
64.8
95.9
103.6
329.1
119.5
52.2
32.5
74.9
53.6
65.8
52.7
80.5
66.9
82.0
+6.3
+2.1
+3.5
+1.6
(<)
-2.7
+2.7
+1.6
+1.7
+19.6
+4.9
+2.9
+1.3
-.1
+1.4
+1.6
+2.8
+1.5
+38.0
+7.6
+12.3
+.7
-14.5
-1.9
+10.9
-1.6
+10.2
+27.0
+43.2
+8.1
-3.4
-.8
-3.7
+7.2
-17.9
+5.0
64.2
57.5
66.5
110.6
52.3
79.7
98.2
277.6
112.7
54.5
14.6
63.8
49.6
60.7
48.9
64.6
61.2
64.0
+7.2
+3.2
+5.2
+7.2
-.5
+ .2
+3.7
+4.6
+2.2
+25.8
+7.5
+6.9
+3.3
+1.6
+3.5
+1.9
+4.2
+1.2
78.8
70.5
69.8
69.0
75.7
97.0
50.6
69.1
+1.1
-.1
+2.1
+2.2
+.9
+2.9
+214
+3.3
+16.4
+8.3
+8.4
-.6
+17.9
+10.9
+4.3
+9.7
65.7
53.9
57.0
52.5
48.3
91.4
36.3
49.7
38.3
33.5
99.7
51.5
27.6
41.6
93.7
23.4
72.9
+1.0
+2.5
+3.6
+3.8
+7.4
+9.9
+2.2
+3.3
+2.1
+1.9
+2.8
-1.7
-1.2
+2.6
-1.9
-.2
-20.9
+1.7
99.2
96.4
75.4
95.5
90.5
116.9
84.0
114.5
76.5
92.4
+.8
-.8
+8.1
-1.2
-.4
-.8
+2.4
+1.8
-5.9
-1.5
-.8
-2.0
+3.9
-7.4
-3.5
-.3
-1.1
+2.0
-9.7
+12.3
N o n d u r a b l e goods
Textiles and their products...................
Fabrics..................................
Carpets and rugs..................... .
Cotton goods.........................
Cotton small wares....................
Dyeing and finishing textiles...........
Hats, fur-felt..........................
Knit goods...........................
Silk and rayon goods................. .
Woolen and worsted goods............ .
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1.—Employment, Pay Rolls, and Earnings in Manufacturing Industries, March 1935— Continued
Empl o y m e n t
Industry
Per capita weekly
earnings1
Pa y roll
Percentage
Index
M a r c h change from—
1935
(3-year
average Febru M a r c h
1923-25 ary 1935 1934
“100)
lAverage hours worked Average hourly earnings1
per w e e k 1
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Index
change from—
change from—
change from—
Ma r c h change from—
Aver
Aver
Aver
1935
age in
age in
age in
(3-year
rch
March
average Febru M a r c h M a r c h Febru M a r c h M a1935
Febru M a r c h
1935 Febru M a r c h
1935
1923-25 ary 1935 1934
ary 1935 1934
ary 1935 1934
ary 1935 1934
-100)
N o n d u r a b l e g o ods— Continued
Textiles and their products— Continued.
Wearing apparel____ _____________________
Clothing, m e n ’
s.......................
Clothing, women's....................
Corsets and allied garments............
Men’
s furnishings.....................
Millinery. ............. ..............
Shirts and collars......................
Leather and its manufactures____________ _____
Boots and shoes..........................
Leather..................................
Food and kindred products...................
Baking__________________________________
Beverages................................
Butter...................................
Canning and preserving...................
Confectionery............................
Flour....................................
Icecream................................
Slaughtering and meat packing............
Sugar, beet...............................
Sugar refining, cane.......................
Tobacco manufactures........................
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff....
Cigars and cigarettes......................
Paper and printing...........................
Boxes, paper.............................
Paper and pulp...........................
Printing and publishing:
B ook and job.........................
Newspapers and periodicals............
101.4
94.6
133.6
93.7
111.6
70.2
104.3
92.7
92.1
95.5
92.7
110.9
151.3
67.8
54.7
82.2
75.0
64.2
82.9
35.1
81.0
57.8
70.6
56.1
96.9
86.3
109.7
+4.8
+3.1
+6.8
+3.8
+3.4
+5.6
+4.6
+1.2
+1.5
-.1
-1.2
-.4
+3.8
+.4
-6.2
+2.4
-2.0
+4.7
-5.0
-1.6
-.6
+.9
— 2.7
+1.4
+.2
+2.0
+.9
+2.0
+6,7
+2.4
-1.5
+1.4
-18.7
-.7
<»)
-.1
+.4
-3.6
+.5
+2.4
-U.7
-19.2
+2.4
+.5
+8.4
-10.7
+10.4
-6.0
-10.2
-12.9
-9.8
+3.4
+3.0
+5.1
88.5
82.0
111.3
91.4
80.4
70.5
101.3
84.1
80.7
94.2
83.0
93.7
146.9
52.4
60.4
72.9
63.5
52.4
73.5
36.4
69.6
44.3
67.7
41.3
84.5
79.6
88.4
+11.3
+14.2
+9.5
+1.0
+6.8
+20.1
+5.8
+1.9
+1.9
+1.7
-.5
-(<)
+7.0
+. 4
-6.8
+3.8
-4.0
+5.8
-3.9
-2.0
-.1
+8.6
+1.4
+10.2
+.5
+4.1
+1.9
+8.7
+24.4
+2.8
+. 3
+.5
-16.5
+6.4
- .4
-4.0
+12.3
+1.0
87.4
98.8
-2.1
+.8
+4.7
+.6
77.0
89.2
-1.3
+ .5
+11.8
+4.1
-10.3
-10.1
+7.2
+5.5
+12.7
-3.2
+25.1
+4.7
-3.3
-6.2
-2.8
+8.8
+6.4
+12.5
Cents
20.39
20.29
15.83
14.40
23.29
12.97
+10,7
+2.5
-2.7
+3.3
+13.7
+1.1
+16.8
+.4
+2.2
-.7
+3.0
+7.2
32.9
(«)
34.5
32.7
34.1
30.4
+9.3
00
-3.4
+2.5
+4.9
+.7
+5.7
(«)
-1.2
-17.4
-2.4
-3.2
62.1
(#)
45.2
41.5
63.0
42.4
+1.5
(«)
+.2
+2.2
+1.9
(3)
+9.0
(#)
-.6
+18.5
-2.9
16.3
19.09
21.43
+.5
+1.8
-3.9
+11.8
36.7
38.2
-2.1
+1.3
-7.9
+2.6
51.5
56.4
+1.8
+.2
+5.5
+5.8
20.50
29.32
20.38
13.61
16.11
20.66
25.62
22.09
24.78
21.94
+.4
+3.0
-(*)
-.7
+1.4
-2.1
+1.1
+1.2
-.4
+.4
+1.8
+3.6
+1.2
+11.4
+4.6
+5.0
+4.0
+8.5
+13.7
+11.5
39.0
38.2
(#)
33.4
36.1
37.5
44.1
38.7
39.1
37.9
-.3
+3.0
(«)
-2.6
+2.0
-1.3
+1.8
00
+1.8
-.8
-2.1
+1.2
(6)
+3.2
-.8
-1.7
+1.8
-.9
+10.5
+3.7
51.8
76.5
(6)
40.3
44.1
53.8
56.7
56.3
68.0
57.4
+.2
(8)
(«)
+2.5
-.7
-.2
+.2
+1.1
-.9
(3)
+4.0
+2.8
(«)
+6.9
+6.1
+6.6
+5.2
+9.5
-1.0
+8.0
14.83
13.37
+4.1
+8.7
+7.4
+7.4
33.9
33.5
+1.2
+5.0
-5.3
-3.3
43.9
40.0
+2.8
+3.1
+13.2
+11.6
19.04
20.49
+2.1
+1.0
+3.5
+7.5
37.6
38.9
+1.9
+.8
+. 1
+3.5
50.6
52.7
(3)
+.2
+3.6
+5.1
27.25
32.80
+ .9
-.4
+6.9
+3.3
37.5
37.0
+.3
(3)
+4.0
-.3
73.1
88.6
+ .6
+.2
+4.0
+6.4
IZZ221
18—
I
Chemicals and allied products and petroleum
refining................................... .
Other than petroleum refining............ .
Chemicals........... ............... .
Cottonseed— oil, cake, and meal....... .
Druggists’preparations............... .
Explosives............................
Fertilizers........................... .
Paints and varnishes................. .
R a y o n and allied products............ .
Soap................................ .
Petroleum refining *...................... .
Rubber products............................ .
Rubber boots and shoes.................. .
Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires,
and inner tubes........................ .
Rubber tires and inner tubes...............
112.7
113.9
103.4
74.9
98.9
88.3
167.5
104.2
348.9
103.3
107.9
83.3
51.7
126.1
75.1
-.1
+3.0
+3.6
+.4
+.6 -4.0
+ 6.0 - 21.6
-3.4
-4.1
- 1.1 - 6.8
+39.3
+4.4
+ 2.0 +5.9
+.6 +8.4
+ 1.2 +.2
+.6 - 2.1
+.4 -4.4
-1.5
+ 1.8
-.2
96.1
96.0
93.7
75.1
95.9
73.0
130.4
86.2
-6.5
252.3
95.9
96.4
70.6
49.8
-4.3
-3.8
107.1
62.7
+3.1
+3.8
+2.9
+9.1
- 2.0
-3.4
+43.1
+3.0
(4)
+ 1.2
- 1.8
+1.7
+7.9
+8.7
+5.2
-11.5
+3.6
+3.5
+21.5
+ 11.8
+15.6
+8.5
+4.8
+.1
+.8 +3.1
+ 2.1 + 1.0
-4.5
- 1.1
25.00
10.50
19.98
23.57
11.18
22.94
19.21
22.25
27.48
+2.2
+2.8
+1.4
-2.3
+2.7
+1.0
-.6
+.4
+ .6
+9.6
+13.0
+7.8
+11.4
+16.1
+5.5
+6.8
+8.3
+7.0
19.01
+2.3
19.61
27.14
+.3
-4.3
+ .8
+1.3
+ .6
+.2
-3.9
-.5
+1.0
-.9
-.5
+2.3
+1.4
+5.8
+2.5
+10.0
+8.1
+6.8
+15.0
+7.0
52.2
+ .6
+4.7
52.8
84.8
+1.1
<3)
+1.0
+10.5
40.0
44.6
38.7
36.4
34.5
39.3
37.6
38.8
35.0
+1.5
+2.3
+1.3
-2.7
+7.1
+1.3
-1.6
+1.3
+1.2
+6.5
+13.3
+3.2
+2.0
+5.4
-2.6
-.1
-6.4
+2.6
62.6
23.8
52.3
64.7
32.4
58.4
51.1
57.4
78.7
+13.6
36.4
+1.7
+5.6
+5.9
+3.2
37.2
32.4
-1.1
-4.1
+.6
-5.9
1 Per capita weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished b y all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data furnished
b y a smaller num b e r of establishments, as some firms do not report man-hour information. Figures for groups not computed. Percentage changes over year on par capita weekly
earnings, average hours worked per week, and average hourly earnings computed from indexes. Percentage change over mo n th on per capita weekly earnings in “All industries”
also computed from indexes.
2Weighted.
* N o change.
*Less than H o of 1 percent.
* February data revised in table below:
Average hours worked per week
Industry
Shipbuilding...............
Petroleum refining.........
Average hourly earnings
Percentage change from—
Average in
February
1935
Cents
31.6
34.7
January
1935
-0.3
+1.8
February
1934
+4.6
+2.2
Percentage change from—
Average in
February
1935
Cents
74.0
79.1
January
1935
-0.8
+.3
®Not presented, as man-hour data covered less than 20 percent of total estimated employment in industry.
February
1934
+9.0
+9.3
8
Long-Time T rend o f Factory Employment and Pay R olls
G e n e r a l indexes of factory employment and pay rolls, based on
the 3-year average 1923-25 as 100, are presented below by months
from January 1929 through March 1935. The chart on the following
page is plotted from these indexes and gives a more graphic presenta
tion of the trend over this period.
Table 2 *— General Indexes of Employment and Pay R olls in M anufacturing
Industries— January 1929 to M arch 1935
[3-year average, 1923-25=100]
Employment
Pay rolls
Month
1929
January.. ..
February. __
M a r c h .....
April......
M a y ......
June.......
July.......
August....
September. _
October...
November..
December. _
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1929
1930
1932
1931
1933
1934
1935
100.8
102.9
104.1
105.3
105.3
105.6
106.1
107.9
109.0
107.7
103.6
99.8
97.3
97.4
96.9
96.3
94.8
92.9
89.5
88.8
89.6
87.7
84.6
82.3
79.6
80.3
80.7
80.7
80.1
78.4
77.0
77.1
77.4
74.4
71.8
71.0
68.7
69.5
68.4
66.1
63.4
61.2
58.9
60.1
63.3
64.4
63.4
62.1
60.2
61.1
58.8
59.9
62.6
66.9
71.5
76.4
80.0
79.6
76.2
74.4
73.3
77.7
80.8
82.4
82.5
81.1
78.7
79.5
75.8
78.4
76.8
78.0
78.7 102.3
81.2 109.3
82.4 111.6
112.6
112.9
111.2
107.2
112.0
112.9
112.4
104.1
100.7
95.9
98.8
98.8
97.7
95.4
92.3
84.3
83.3
84.1
82.2
76.8
75.2
70.0
74.3
75.6
74.4
73.4
69.7
66.2
65.9
63.4
61.3
58.1
57.6
53.5
54.6
53.1
49.5
46.8
43.4
39.8
40.6
42.9
44.7
42.9
41.5
39.5
40.2
37.1
38.8
42.7
47.2
50.8
56.8
59.1
59.4
55.5
54.5
54.0
60.6
64.8
67.3
67.1
64.9
60.5
62.2
58.0
61.0
59.5
63.2
Average. _ 104.8
91.5
77.4
64.1
69.0
78.8 1 80.8 109.1
88.7
67.5
46.1
48.5
61.9 168.0
64.1
69.1
70.7
i Average for 3 months.
Table 3 gives employment and pay-roll indexes for the durable- and
nondurable-goods groups by months from January 1929 through
March 1935. These indexes are likewise based on the 3-year average,
1923-25 as 100.
Table 3«— Indexes of Employm ent and Pay R olls in the D urable and Nondurable
Groups, January 1929 to M arch 1935
[3-year average, 1923-25-100]
Durable group 1
Employment
P a y rolls
Month
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
99.1
101.7
103.5
105.3
106.5
106.4
106.3
107.3
106.8
105.0
100.3
95.8
93.1
93.3
93.1
92.8
91.8
89.1
84.7
82.2
81.0
79.6
77.1
74.9
71.9
72.1
72.2
72.2
71.4
69.5
66.8
65.3
64.5
61.8
60.3
59.7
57.3
57.8
56.5
54.6
52.9
50.9
48.5
46.9
47.3
47.7
48.1
47.3
45.4
45.8
43.9
44.4
47.0
50.7
55.3
60.1
63.4
63.2
61.2
60.7
59.8
63.5
67.1
70.0
71.5
70.8
67.4
66.1
64.2
62.8
62.2
64.3
66.1 100.0
69.3 109.0
70.8 112.0
114.7
115.8
112.9
107.1
112.6
111.7
111.1
101.7
96.7
90.1
94.6
95.1
95.3
93.3
89.1
78.1
75.6
74.7
73.7
68.4
66.4
59.8
64.4
65.7
65.1
64.1
59.4
54.3
52.9
49.6
48.5
46.4
45.8
41.3
42.0
40.4
38.0
37.0
33.3
29.8
28.2
27.9
29.8
30.0
29.4
27.6
27.7
25.3
26.6
30.8
34.7
38.0
43.9
44.7
45.4
42.5
42.3
41.6
47.9
52.8
57.4
58.6
56.9
49.9
50.0
45.5
46.4
46.1
50.4
Average.. 103.7
86.1
67.3
51.3
53.4
65.8 >68.7 108.8
82.9
56.3
33.9
35.8
50.3 *57.2
January--February. ..
M a r c h _____
April......
M a y ______
June.......
July.......
A ugust....
September..
October....
November. _
December..
52.5
58.6
60.5
* Includes the following groups of manufacturing industries: Iron and steel; machinery; transportation
equipment; railroad repair shops; nonferrous metals; lumber and allied products; and stone, clay, a n d
glass products.
* Average for 3 months.
E
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y
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ind€X
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U.S.Department of Labor
B U R E A U OF L A B O R STATISTICS
Washington
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1UU
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DO
lltllllllll imimiir itmiimt lllll!!!!!! IMIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIII
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
11111111111 IIIIIIIIIII 1m u m u
imiiiiiii
1928
1930
1927
1929
11111111111 iiiiinnii iiiiiiiiiii
1931
1932
1933
iiiiimm ininiini
1934
1935
/I
L*“ (/
10
Table 3.— Indexes of Em ploym ent and Pay R olls in the Durable and Nondurable
Groups, January 1929 to M arch 1935— Continued
[3-year average, 1923-25=100]
Nondurable group 3
Employment
P a y rolls
Month
1923
1934
1935
1929
1930
92.3
94.1
94.8
__ __
105.3
109.8
111.0
110.2
109.3
109.1
107.3
111.3
114.4
114.2
107.4
105.8
103.2
104.1
103.5
100.8
98.3
96.5
92.3
93.2
96.0
93.0
87.4
86.5
83.0
86.9
88.3
86.3
85.2
82.7
81.3
82.5
80.8
77.6
73.0
72.5
69.1
70.7
69.2
64.0
59.3
56.2
52.6
56.3
61.8
63.6
59.2
56.9
54.5
56.2
52.1
54.4
57.9
63.1
67.0
73.3
77.6
77.3
72.1
70.1
69.7
76.9
80.1
80.0
78.1
75.1
73.9
77.8
74.0
79.6
76.6
79.5
92.7 *93.7 109.6
96.2
81.7
61.6
64.6
76.8 2 81.8
1930
102.7
104.3
104.9
105.4
104.1
104.7
105.8
108.6
111.4
110.6
107.1
104.0
101.8
101.7
100.9
100.1
98.0
96.9
94.7
95.9
98.9
96.5
92.7
90.1
87.8
89.0
90.0
89.8
89.3
88.0
88.2
89.8
91.1
88.0
84.2
83.0
80.9
82.2
81.2
78.5
74.8
72.4
70.1
74.2
80.4
82.3
79.9
77.8
76.0
77.6
74.7
76.5
79.3
84.3
88.9
93.9
97.8
97.2
92.2
89.1
87.9
93.0
95.4
95.8
94.3
92.3
90.8
94.0
88.2
95.1
92.4
92.7
Average. . 106.1
97.4
88.2
77.9
85.6
January___
February...
M a r c h .....
April......
M a y ......
June......
July.......
August....
September..
October____
November..
December..
1931
1932
1929
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
79.0
82.5
83.8
_____
_____
_____
_____
.....
2Average for 3 months.
3 Includes remaining groups of manufacturing industries not s hown under footnote 1.
Estimated N u m b e r of W a g e Earners a n d Tot a l W e e k l y P a y Rolls
T h e adjustment of the Bureau’
s indexes of factory employment and
pay rolls to conform with the trend shown by census totals through
1931 makes possible more accurate estimates each month of the num
ber of wage earners and the total pay rolls in the manufacturing in
dustries. Thus the general employment index of 82.4 for March
means that there were an estimated 6,906,300 workers on jobs in
factories in that month. The corresponding pay-roll index, 70.7,
represents an estimated weekly wage disbursement of $143,927,000.
The gains over February amounted to 97,000 in number of workers
and $3,300,000 in weekly pay roll.
The estimated number of wage earners and amount of weekly pay
rolls in all manufacturing industries combined and in the 14 major
groups and the 2 textile subgroups into which these manufacturing
industries have been classified are shown in table 4. This table gives
the average number of wage earners and weekly pay rolls for the index
base period, 1923-25, for the years 1929 to 1934, inclusive, and for
the months January through March 1935. These estimates have
been computed by multiplying the weighting factors of the several
groups of industries (number employed or weekly pay rollin the index
base period, 1923-25), by the Bureau’
s index numbers of employment
or pay rolls (which have been adjusted to conform with the census
trends over the period 1919-31), and dividing by 100. Data are not
available for all groups over the entire period shown. The totals for
all manufacturing industries combined have been adjusted to include
all groups. The estimated total employment and weekly pay rolls
11
combined for all manufacturing industries do not include the manufactured-gas industry (which is included in the Bureau’
s electric
light and power and manufactured-gas industry) or the motion-picture
industry.
Table 4.— Estim ated Number of Wage Earners and Weekly Wages in A ll M anu
facturing Industries Combined and in Industry Groups
Total manufacturing
Iron and steel and
their products
Machinery, not in
cluding transporta
tion equipment
Year and m o n t h
Employ
ment
1923-25 average...............
192 9
193 0
193 1
193 2
193 3
1934.........................
1935: January................
February...............
M a r c h .................
We e k l y
pay rolls
8.381.700 $203,476,000
8,785,600 221.937.000
7.668.400 180.507.000
6.484.300 137.256.000
5,374,200
93.757.000
5.778.400
98.623.000
6,600,100 126.012.000
6.595.700 130.503.000
6,809,000 140.618.000
6.906.300 193.927.000
Transportation
equipment
Employ
ment
Week l y
pay rolls
859.100 $24,658,000
881,000 26.568.000
766,200 21.126.000
598.400 13.562.000
458.100
7.164.000
503.400
8.925.000
592.800 12.074.000
582,500 12.798.000
607.400 14.548.000
616.800 14.622.000
Railroad repair shops
Employ
m ent
Weekly
pay rolls
878.100 $23,655,000
1,105,700 31.761.000
918,700 24.197.000
687.000 15.135.000
494,600
8.546.000
517.100
8.975.000
682,200 13.525.000
699.000 14.382.000
i 720,000 115,163,000
738,500 15.825.000
Nonferrous metals
and their products
Year and m o n t h
Employ
me n t
1923-25 average...............
192 9
193 0
193 1
193 2
193 3
193 4
1935: January..______________
February-.......... ...
M a r c h .................
563,500
583.200
451.800
373.800
315.700
305.600
467.200
520.700
568.600
583.800
Week l y
pay rolls
$17,214,000
18.136.000
12.076.000
9.008.000
7.012.000
6.799.000
11.800.000
13.668.000
16.302.000
16.904.000
L u m b e r and allied
products
Employ
me n t
Wee k l y
pay rolls
482,100 $13,563,000
398,200 12.255.000
353.800 10.316.000
309.000
8.366.000
257.400
5.793.000
250,600
5.652.000
267.400
6.528.000
248.800
5.941.000
6.510.000
255.000
6.727.000
258.400
Stone, clay, and glass
products
Year and m o n t h
We e k l y
pay rolls
282,600
$7,329,000
8
209.000
164.200
175.200
210.000
214.500
223,800
227.500
$
4.622.000
2.865.000
3.039.000
4.105.000
4.280.000
4.647.000
4.735.000
Textiles and their
products
Fabrics
Employ
me n t
1823-25 average....... .......
192 9
193 0
193 1
.
193 2
193 3
193 4
1935: January................
February...............
M a r c h .................
JR e vised.
* Comparable data not available.
Employ
ment
918.400
876,500
699.400
516,900
377,800
406,100
447.400
432,600
453.700
464.700
W eekly
pay rolls
$18,523,000
18,062,000
13,464,000
8.641.000
4.656.000
4.900.000
6.062.000
5.872.000
6.446.000
6.724.000
Employ
ment
Week l y
pay rolls
Employ
ment
350.300
328.500
280,800
222,800
156.000
157.500
185.000
165.300
173,700
180,400
$8,878,000
8.323.000
6.828.000
4.786.000
2.588.000
2.455.000
3.153.000
2.805.000
3.090.000
3.320.000
1.105.600 $20,368,000
1,095,900 20.251.000
950,400 16.167.000
886,700 14.308.000
794,100 10.367.000
952,600 12.664.000
989,300 14.448.000
1,059,200 16.742.000
1.074.600 17.211.000
1,065,800 16.967.000
Wee k l y
pay rolls
12
Table 4*— Estimated Number of Wage Earners and Weekly Wages in All Manu
facturing Industries Combined and in Industry Groups— Continued
Textiles and their products— Continued
Wearing apparel
Year and m o n t h
Employ
m e nt
1923-25 average...............
192 9
193 0
193 1
193 2
193 3
193 4
1935: January................
February...............
M a r c h .................
474.100
536.700
497.700
472,000
401.800
418.100
432.100
423.800
458,900
480.700
Leather and its m a n
ufactures
Gr o u p
W eekly
pay rolls
$10,336,000
11,476,000
9.680.000
8.338.000
5.733.000
5.757.000
6.992.000
6.884.000
8.217.000
9.147.000
Food and kindred
products
Employ
ment
W e ek l y
pa y rolls
1.629.400 $31,676,000
1.706.900 33.321.000
1.513.000 27.115.000
1.421.000 23.799.000
1.250.300 16.947.000
1,432,700 19.394.000
1.485.900 22.564.000
1,551,200 24.866.000
1.603.300 26.766.000
1.616.400 27.495.000
Tobacco manufactures
Employ
ment
323.500
318,600
295,100
272,800
255.500
269,400
284,000
285,700
296,300
299,900
Weekly
p a y rolls
$6,986,000
6.915.000
5.748.000
5.035.000
4.060.000
4.394.000
5.164.000
5.337.000
5.763.000
5.875.000
Paper and printing
Year and m o n t h
Employ
ment
1923-25 average...............
192 9
193 0
193 1
193 2
193 3
193 4
1935: January................
February...............
M a r c h .................
668.300
753.500
731.100
650.500
577.100
631.000
711.700
630.700
627.000
619.300
W eekly
pay rolls
Employ
m e nt
$15,240,000
17.344.000
16.593.000
14.173.000
11.308.000
11.604.000
14.080.000
12.696.000
12.717.000
12.648.000
138,400
116,100
108,300
99.700
88,600
82.700
86.700
78,200
79,300
80,000
W eekly
pay rolls
$2,225,000
1.819.000
1.617.000
1.336.000
1.052.000
944.000
1.049.000
923.000
908.000
986.000
Chemicals and allied
products
Employ
ment
Weekly
p ay rolls
531.100 $14,865,000
591.600 17.771.000
574.100 17.036.000
511,800 14.461.000
451.700 11.126.000
458,400 10.299.000
503.700 11.829.000
507.700 12.397.000
513.600 12.501.000
514.600 12.561.000
R u bber products
Year and m o n t h
Employ
ment
1923-26 average.
192 9
.
193 0
.
193 1
.
193 2
.
193 3
193 4
1936: January..
February.
M a r c h __
333.000
384.800
364.700
316.800
279.700
316.400
361,600
361.000
364,300
376.400
Week l y
pay rolls
$8,321,000
10,068,000
9.334.000
7.643.000
6.861.000
6.179.000
7.437.000
7.620.000
7.761.000
7.997.000
Employ
m e nt
134,300
149,100
116,600
99,200
87,800
99,300
111, 300
109.900
111,600
111.900
Wee k l y
pay rolls
$3,468,000
3.986.000
2.934.000
2.165.000
1.655.000
1.740.000
2.207.000
2.407.000
2.493.000
2.448.000
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g Industries
T h e nonmanufacturing industries presented a mixed picture in
March of gains and losses in employment and pay rolls. Ten of the
sixteen nonmanufacturing industries, other than building construc
tion, surveyed monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported
gains in employment and 14 showed increased pay rolls. Retail
trade establishments added 42,000 new employees to their rolls,
largely due to spring expansion, the percentage gain over the month
13
being 1.3. The gain in their weekly wage disbursements in March
was even larger, 1.9 percent or over $1,000,000. Anthracite mining
registered a sharp loss in employment due to lack of orders (20.2 per
cent or almost 19,000) and an even more severe decline in weekly
pay roll (39.5 percent or over $1,100,000). In the aggregate, the 16
industries combined showed a net gain of approximately 21,000 in
number of employees and $1,200,000 in weekly wages.
Table 5 shows indexes of employment and pay rolls, per capita
weekly earnings, average hours worked per week, and average hourly
earnings in March for 13 of the nonmanufacturing industries covered,
together with percentage changes from February 1935 and March
1934. Indexes of employment and pay rolls for banking, brokerage,
and insurance establishments are not available, but the table shows
the percentage changes in employment, pay rolls, and earnings, for
these three industries.
The Bureau has discontinued publication of figures for employment
in the real-estate business until a considerable increase in coverage
can be effected.
Table 5.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Nonmanufacturing Industries, March 1935
E m p loyment
Industry
Coal mining:
Anthracite................... ..... ......
Bituminous..............................
Metalliferous mining.........................
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining.............
Crude petroleum producing...................
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph..................
Electric light and power and manufactured
gas....................................
Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation
and maintenance........................
Trade:
Wholesale................................
Retail *..................................
General merchandising................
Other than general merchandising *.....
Hotels (cash payments only)3.................
Laundries...................................
Dyeing and cleaning..........................
Brokerage...................................
Insurance....................................
Per capita weekly
earnings1
Pay roll
Average hours worked
per w e e k 1
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Index
Index
change from—
change from—
M a r c h change from—
M a r c h change from—
Aver
Aver
1935
1.935
age in
age in
(aver
(aver
age
Febru M a rc h
age
Febru M a r c h M a r c h Febru M a r c h M a r c h Febru M a r c h
1935
1935
ary
ary
1929
ary
ary
1929
1934
1934
1934
1934
1935
1«35
1935
1935
=100)
=100)
51.4
81.6
45.0
40.5
74.0
-20.2
+.6
+1.6
+8.7
-.2
-23.9
+4.9
+13.1
-3.6
+1.6
38.9
67.5
30.9
24.9
56.0
-39.5
+2.1
+3.2
+12.1
+2.1
-52.8
+14.6
+19.3
+3.3
+6.7
$22.09
21.32
22.16
15.60
29.01
-24.1
+1.4
+1.6
+3.1
+2.3
-38.0
+9.2
+5.5
+7.1
+5.0
27.2
30.5
38.0
32.8
35.0
-22.5
+2.0
+2.2
+1.9
+2.0
-39.7
-9,0
+.3
+1.2
-1.2
Average hourly
earnings1
Percentage
change from—
Aver
age in
M a r c h Febru
March
1935
ary
1934
1,935
Cents
81.4
71.0
57A
47.5
78.3
-1.1
-.8
-.9
+1.1
+1.7
+.5
+23.8
+5.1
+5.4
+6.7
69.8
-.2
- . 3 ’ 75.3
+3.4
+7.0
28.59
+3.7
+7.3
38.5
+ .5
+2.7
76.5
+3.2
+7.7
82.2
+.1
+.6
79.4
+1.5
+5.0
30.70
+1.5
+4.4
39.9
+1.3
+.6
76.0
-.3
+5.1
71.3
+. 4
-.6
63.4
+.5
+1.9
28.27
+ .1
+2.4
45.8
-.7
-1.7
61.2
+1.0
+4.1
84.0
80.2
88.7
78.0
86.5
79.7
72.5
(5)
(6)
(8)
-.7
+1.3
+2.9
+. 9
-.3
+.1
+4.1
+(«)
+.1
+.3
+2.7
-1.6
-1.6
-1.6
+.1
+.6
+.1
+1.0
-25.6
+.6
65.2
60.4
74.1
57.6
68.2
64.6
53.5
+1.0
+1.9
+2.5
+1.8
+. 6
+.8
+7.5
+.1
-1.1
+ .3
+5.2
+1.0
+3.6
+.3
+2.4
+3.0
+3.5
+1.7
-28.4
+6.4
26.59
20.44
17.89
22.29
13.75
15.38
17.97
31.74
34.29
36.95
+1.8
+. 3
-.4
+.9
+.9
+. 7
+3.2
- ( 6)
-. 2
+.1
+2.4
+2.6
+5.2
+1.9
+2.2
+2.4
+3.4
+.5
-3.7
+5.7
41.0
41.3
38.1
42.2
48.4
40.5
41.0
+.2
+. 2
-.3
+.2
+1.3
+. 5
+2.5
+1.2
+3.7
+ .7
+4.2
-1.0
+3.4
+3.1
64.3
52.6
48.3
53.9
27.9
36.4
43.8
(6)
(5)
(8)
+1.1
+.4
+.2
+.4
(4)
(<)
+ .2
+.8
+1.9
+4.9
+1.2
+.6
-1.1
+ .2
(8)
(6)
(5)
8
(»)
8
(5)
8
(5)
w
14
8
(fi)
1 Per capita weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished b y all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data furnished
b y a smaller n um b e r of establishments as some firms do not report man-hour information. Percentage changes over year computed from indexes.
2 February data revised as follows: Total retail trade— average hours, 40.9; percentage change from January 1935, none; from February 1934, +3.0; average hourly earnings,
54.2, cents; percentage change from January 1935, none; from February 1934, +1.2. Retail trade other than general merchandising— average hours, 41.7; percentage change from
January 1935, none; from February 1934, +3.0; average hourly earnings, 56.2 cents; percentage change from January 1935, — 0.2; from February 1934, +1.3.
s T h e additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
* N o change.
# N o t available.
« Less than M o of*l percent.
15
Indexes o f Employment and P ay-R oll T otals in Nonmanufacturing
Industries
In d e x numbers of employment and pay-roll totals for 13 non
manufacturing industries and 2 subdivisions under retail trade by
months from January 1932 to March 1935 are shown in table 6.
The indexes for wholesale and retail trade have recently been
revised to conform with the trends indicated by the 1929 and 1933
census averages.
The indexes for “total retail trade”have been computed by
weighting the indexes of the two subgroups, “general merchandising”
and “other than general merchandising.”
Table 6.— Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls for Nonm anufacturing Indus
tries, January 1932 to M arch 1935
[12-month average, 1929=100]
Bituminous-coal mining
Anthracite mining
Month
P a y rolls
Employment
P a y rolls
Employment
1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935
January......
February.....
M a r c h .......
April........
M a y . . .......
June.........
July... ......
August.......
September . ..
October______
November .
D ecember ....
76.2
71.2
73.7
70.1
66.9
53.0
44.5
49.2
55.8
63.9
62.7
62.3
52.5
58.7
54.6
51.6
43.2
39.5
43.8
47.7
56.8
56.9
61.0
54.5
64.1
63.2
67.5
58.2
63.8
57.5
53.6
49.5
56.9
58.5
60.7
61.6
62.9
64.4
51.4
____
____
____
____
____
....
61.5
57.3
61.2
72.0
58.0
37.4
34.5
41.4
47.0
66.7
51.0
56.2
43.2
56.8
48.8
37.4
30.0
34.3
38.2
46.6
60.7
61.6
47.8
44.3
73.2
65.8
82.4
51.7
64.0
53.3
42.3
39.7
47.0
48.3
51.2
52.3
57.5 80.8 69.8 75.8
64.3 77.4 69.3 76.1
38.9 75.2 67.6 77.8
65.5 63.7 72.2
62.6 61.2 76.7
____ 60.5 61.3 76.7
____ 58.6 63.2 77.0
____ 59.4 68.6 77.1
____ 62.4 71.8 78.2
67.0 68.0 79.3
69.4 74.8 79.8
---- 70.0 75.4 79.7
80.0
81.1
81.6
____
____
____
____
____
____
47.0
47.0
46.8
33.9
30.7
27.3
24.4
26.4
30.2
37.8
38.0
---- 37.7
36.1
37.2
30.7
26.6
26.9
29.2
33.6
43.3
44.1
44.1
50.7
50.8
51.3
54.6
58.9
51.4
54.4
55.1
49.7
50.4
51.4
57.6
58.3
57.0
59.6
66.1
67.5
____
____
Average. 62.5 51.7 59.6 »59.6 53.7 45.8 55.9 153.6 67.4 67.9 77.2 180.9 35.6 37.8 54.2 164.4
Metalliferous mining
January......
February.....
M a r c h .......
April........
M a y _________
June_________
July.........
August.......
September___
October......
N o v e m b e r ....
Dece m be r....
49.3
46.9
45.0
43.3
38.3
32.2
29.5
28.6
29.3
30.5
31.9
33.3
32.4
31.5
30.0
29.4
30.0
31.5
33.0
36.8
38.9
40.7
40.6
40.6
39.6
40.3
39.8
41.7
40.8
41.0
39.9
42.7
42.3
43.3
43.2
44.4
44.3
44.3
45.0
____
____
____
____
____
____
29.7
27.8
26.5
25.0
23.8
20.1
16.9
16.5
17.0
18.0
18.7
18.7
18.1
17.8
17.4
16.4
17.0
18.3
19.0
21.9
23.9
25.9
25.6
26.2
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
25.4
26.0
25.9
27.2
25.6
26.7
25.1
27.0
25.9
28.2
28.5
29.4
30.1
29.9
30.9
____
____
____
____
____
____
48. d
47.4
46.0
48.6
50.6
49.5
49.5
51.1
52.4
52.4
49.4
42.3
35.1
34.8
35.1
39.3
43.4
47.3
49.5
51.6
52.6
53.2
51.1
45.3
39.7
38.8
42.0
48.7
54.3
56.6
55.6
54.7
53.3
51.8
49.5
42.1
36.9
37.3
40.5
____
____
____
____
____
____
30.2
29.6
28.7
30.0
32.3
30.0
29.1
29.7
30.5
30.1
27.1
22.1
18.1
17.4
17.8
20.2
23.8
27.5
28.4
29.9
29.3
31.2
28.3
24.4
21.3 20.8
21.0 22.2
24.1 24.9
29.9 ____
35.0
37.0
35.0 ____
34.0
32.4 ____
32.1
29.4 ____
23.6 ....
Average. 36.5 34.6 41.6 144.5 21.6 20.6 26.7 130.3 49.0 44.9 48.9 138.2 29.1 24.7 29.6 122.6
Crude-petroleum producing
January......
February....
M a r c h .......
April....... .
M a y ____ ____
June....... .
July--------August.......
September...
October.... .
N o v e m b e r ...
D e c ember....
54.9
54.4
51.4
54.9
54.5
54.2
55.4
57.4
56.2
56.8
56.5
57.2
57.2
57.0
56.5
56.8
56.9
58.0
59.5
60.8
66.2
70.6
72.2
75.0
73.2
72.4
72.8
74.0
76.7
80.0
81.6
82.7
81.8
79.5
78.8
78.7
74.9 46.5 39.9 53.0
74.2 46.9 41.7 50.5
74.0 43.2 42.5 52.5
44.5 40.1 53.4
”1 " 47.1 41.6 56.4
____ 44.8 40.6 56.9
____ 44.6 42.2 60.0
____ 42.9 42.5 61.2
____ 41.9 44.4 59.7
____ 42.5 50.1 60.8
____ 42.4 50.3 59.0
.... 41.7 53.2 59.5
Telephone and telegraph
55.5 83.0 74.6 70.2
54.9 82.0 73.9 69.8
56.0 81.7 73.2 70.0
81.2 72.3 70.2
80.6 70.1 70.2
____ 79.9 69.2 70.4
____ 79.1 68.5 71.0
____ 78.1 68.1 71.0
____ 77.4 68.3 70.9
____ 76.2 68.7 70.3
____ 75.5 68.9 69.9
---- 74.8 69.4 69.7
70.5 89.1 71.7 69.0 73.9
70.0 89.6 71.9 67.9 72.9
69.8 88.2 71.6 70.4 75.3
83.4 67.8 68.8
82.8 68.5 71.4
____ 82.1 66.6 71.3 ____
____ 79.6 66.7 72.3 ____
____ 79.1 66.1 74.0 ____
____ 75.9 64.6 72.2 ____
____ 75.7 67.0 74.9 ____
____ 74.3 67.7 72.2 ____
---- 73.5 67.7 73.2 ....
Average . 55.3 62.2 77.7 174.4 44.1 44.1 56.9 155.5 79.1 70.4 70.3 170.1 81.1 68.2 71.5 174.0
i Average for 3 months.
133227— 35---- 3
16
Table 6.— Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls for Nonmanufacturing Indus*
tries, January 1932 to March 1935— Continued
Electric light and power and manufac
tured gas
Month
Employment
P a y rolls
Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation
and maintenance 2
1032 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934
January......
February.....
M a r c h .......
April........
M a y .........
June....... .
July.........
August.......
September...
October......
N o v e m b e r ___
December ....
89.3
87.2
85.5
84.8
84.0
83.2
82.3
81.5
81.0
79.9
79.1
78.4
77.7
77.4
76.9
76.9
76.9
77.3
77.5
78.1
80.3
82.2
82.6
81.8
1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934
82.2 82.7 88.4 73.0 73.8 78.0 79.5 70.6 70.5 71.2 75.4 60.9 59.2 62.9
81.2 82.2
71.6 74.4 78.3 78.9 70.4 71.0 71.0 74.8 60.6 60.1 63.1
81.7 82.2 85.4 71.9 75.6 79.4 77.6 69.8 71.7 71.3 73.6 59.4 62.2 63.4
82.4
82.4 69.4 76.8
71.8 58.1 62.9
78.0 69.5 72.2
72.2 58.2 63.0
84.2 69.9 77.6
83.1
76.9 69.1 72.6
84.0
80.5 69.9 77.8
70.2 58.0 63.2
76.5 69.3 73.2
85.0
78.7 70.0 81.1
69.4
73.1
66.4 57.4 63.8
75.6
74.1 69.5 72.8
85.6
76.7 70.9 79.9
63.8 58.2 62.8
85.8
74.7 71.8 79.3
62.5 57.8 62.4
73.5 69.7 72.5
74.4 76.2 80.6
61.5 59.8 63.0
72.3 70.6 72.2
85.8
73.2 74.5 79.6
61* 7 59.4 61.8
71.8 71.0 71.8
85.5
73.2 74.4 78.3
61.9 59.6 62.3
71.4 70.8 71.0
86.0
»82.4 79.8 72.0 77.9 178.6 75.5 70.0 72.1 171.2
Average- 83.0 78.8
Wholesale trade
January......
February.....
M a r c h .......
April........
M a y .........
June.........
July.........
August.......
September___
October......
N o v e m b e r ....
December....
80.7
79.7
78.6
77.6
76.6
75.6
75.2
74.9
75.6
76.2
76.0
75.4
73.6
72.4
71.3
71.5
72.2
73.9
75.1
77.9
80.3
81.7
81.6
81.5
76.4
73.0
70.7
80.7
78.5
79.9
74.7
78.4
89.0
93.6
97.0
118.9
62.2 163.1
Total retail trade
68.8
66.2
184.3 64.2 56.8 63.0 164.6 76.8 76.1 82.1 179.6
86.6
85.0
90.1
91.0
92.0
90.6
83.0
81.2
91.5
94.2
99.9
128.4
87.3 78.1 61.4 71.1 73.5
86.2 73.1 57.1 68.9 72.3
88.7 73.1 53.4 71.5 74.1
72.3 60.8 74.0 ____
70.5 59.3 74.5
67.6 60.6 73.9
61.3 56.4 69.5
58.5 62.4 66.9
____ 64.3 71.8 74.0
67.7 75.3 77.3
____ 67.9 76.1 80.2
79.2 90.1 99.0
13.2 55.2
159.8
Retail trade— other than general
merchandising
Retail trade— general merchandising
84.8
81.2
82.6
82.7
82.1
80.3
74.1
71.5
78.7
83.7
84.6
104.7
68.0 58.9
80.6 84.2 71.8 58.3 60.3 63.9 80.3 72.1 79.8 79.5 71.9 54.7 59.0 59.7
81.2 84.6 70.1 55.1 61.0 64.6 78.3 70.4 79.6 79.2 69.1 51.8 58.8 59.3
81.8 84.0
53.5 62.0 65.2 78.6 68.9 81.5 80.2 68.5 49.0 59.8 60.4
82.1
66.3 52.4 63.1
78.7 73.3 82.5
67.7 52.0 61.2
77.2 72.1 82.9
82.8
67.1 53.8 62.6
65.5 51.3 61.5
82.3
63.5 53.7 62.8
76.3 73.2 82.6
62.7 52.2 61.4
82.2
61.9 55.5 63.
73.1 71.0 79.0
59. 51.0 60.1
60.3 57.2 62.7
82.5
71.8 75.4 77.8
56.9 54.9 58.4
60.1 58.7 63.6
74.2 80.6 81.7
58.3 58.7 60.6
83.5
84.3
60.8 62.4 64.5
76.3
82.6
59.7 61.6 61.9
85.1
75.4
60.1 60.5 64.2
83.7
58.6 61.4 61.9
85.0
59.3 60.9 64.8
60.4 64.0
80.9
91.1
Average . 76.8 76.1
January.
February.....
M a r c h __
April--May....
June___
July....
August—
September___
October......
N o v e m b e r ____
December.
P a y rolls
Em p l o y m e n t
79.1
77.6
77.5
77.6
75.9
75.2
72.8
71.9
73.0
74.3
73.0
74.6
71.0
69.7
68.4
71.3
70.4
71.5
70.0
74.6
78.4
80.6
80.4
81.3
78.0
78.2
79.3
80.3
80.5
80.5
77.9
76.9
79.1
79.5
79.4
81.3
77.4
77.3
78.0
____
70.6
68.3
67.5
66.7
64.5
61.7
58.8
56.6
____ 57.1
58.1
____ 56.7
56.5
53.3
50.7
48.1
50.2
49.7
50.5
49.9
53.4
56.0
58.8
58.3
58.6
56.5 56.9
56.7 56.6
57.4 57.6
58.5
58.8
58.8
58.2
56.6
57.8
58.7
58.1
59.4
82.6 84.2 92.8 187.4 69.5 65.4 75.1 173.3 75.2 74.0 79.2 177.6 61.9 53.1 58.0 157.0
* Average for 3 months.
* N o t including electric-railroad car building and repairing; see transportation equipment and railroad
xepair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 1.
17
Table 6.— Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls for Nonmanufacturing Indus
tries, January 1932 to March 1935— Continued
Hotels
Month
Employment
Laundries
P a y rolls
Employment
P a y rolls
1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935
January......
February_____
M a r c h __ ___
April........
M a y _________
June__.......
July.........
A u g u s t ______
September___
October......
N o v e m b e r ___
De c ember....
83.2
84.3
84.0
82.7
80.1
78.0
78.4
77.6
77.0
75.4
74.3
73.2
73.8
73.8
72.4
71.9
71.9
73.6
75.6
77.1
78.7
77.0
75.8
77.6
81.5 85.4
84.8 86.7
86.4 86.5
86.6
85.7
86.2 ....
86.3
86.2
84.4
84.2
83.7 :::::
83.3
73.9
73.9
72.4
69.6
67.0
63.8
61.8
59.6
59.1
58.6
57.5
56.6
55.7
55.9
53.5
51.7
51.8
52.3
53.3
54.0
55.6
56.2
55.2
57.6
60.8 66.0
65.2 67.8
66.6 68.2
66.5
65.9
66.2 ....
65.6
64.5
64.3
65.3
64.9 :::::
64.9
88.2
86.3
85.4
85.4
84.8
84.4
83.6
82.2
81.9
80.7
79.4
79.1
78.6
77.5
76.1
76.5
76.6
79.2
79.5
81.1
82.6
81.3
78.4
78.4
78.5 79.6
78.4 79.6
79.2 79.7
80.5
82.1
84.0
84.6 ....
83.7
82.9
81.7
80.3 :::::
79.5
80.0
76.7
75.0
74.7
73.9
71.8
69.4
66.9
65.8
64.1
61.9
61.4
60.7
58.1
55.4
56.6
57.1
59.4
58.7
60.3
63.5
62.5
60.7
61.1
61.7
61.7
62.7
64.4
66.9
68.3
68.2
66.6
65.9
64.8
63.7
63.3
63.9
64.1
64.6
....
....
Average. 79.0 74.9 84.9 *86.2 64.5 54.4 65.1 167.3 83.5 78.8 81.3 179.6 70.1 59.5 64.9 164.2
Dyeing and cleaning
.J anuary______
February_____
Ma r c h . ______
April........
M a y . _____ __
June.-___ __
July_________
August_______
September___
October______
N o v e m b e r ____
D ece m b e r ____
75.8
74.4
74.4
76.9
78.0
78.6
76.1
73.4
76.9
76.0
72.0
69.5
67.4
65.6
65.8
74.9
75.7
79.1
76.6
76.8
81.9
81.6
76.1
70.5
68.1 70.3 62.4 44.2 46.8 50.4
68.1 69.6 59.0 40.2 46.3 49.8
72.4 72.5 58.5 38.9 51.7 53.5
62.5 51.7 60.8
79.9
63.8 51.0 65.1
84.3
62.4 53.7 64.1
84.9
56.9 50.0 58.9
80.5
53.4 50.0 56.7
78.6
57.9 57.1 59.0
80.0
80.3
55.8 57.4 59.1
49.6 52.5 53.9
75.8
72.4
45.9 47.3 51.1
Average. 75.2 74.3 77.1 170.8 57.3 49.5 56.1 151.2
* Average for 3 months.
E m p l o y m e n t in Building Construction
R e p o r t s from 10,404 firms engaged on public projects not financed
from Public Works Administration funds and in private building
construction show that in March 1935 employment increased 3.2
percent and pay rolls increased 3.7 percent compared with the pre
ceding month. About two-thirds of the localities for which data are
available showed gains in employment and pay rollsover February.
In comparison with March 1934, employment showed an increase
of 4.1 percent and pay rolls an increase of 7.3 percent.
In March the weekly pay roll for 68,461 workers employed by
10,404 reporting firms amounted to $1,567,598 as compared with
$1,512,275 earned by 66,368 workers employed by the same con
tractors in February. The average weekly earnings were $22.90
in March and $22.79 in February. These are per capita weekly
•earnings— computed by dividing the total amount of the weekly pay
rollby the total number of employees— part-time as well as full-time.
Reports from 10,019 firms, 96.3 percent of the cooperating firms,
show that they employed in March 64,065 men who worked 1,770,513
18
hours in 1 week and earned $1,470,164 as compared with 62,579
workers in February who earned in 1 week $1,437,299 and worked
1,717,518 hours. The average hours per week were 27.6 in March
and 27.4 in February. Average hourly earnings amounted to 83
cents in March and 83.7 cents in February. For alllocalities covered
in the survey these averages are computed from the reports of those
firms which included man-hour data.
Table 7 summarizes the replies of the 10,404 firms which reported
to the Bureau of Labor Statistics in March. Workers of all trades
engaged for erecting, altering, or repairing buildings are included in
the table. Work on roads, bridges, and docks is omitted. This
survey covers building operations in various localities in 34 States
and the District of Columbia.
Table 7.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in the BuildingConstruction Industry, M arch 1935
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State bureaus]
Dollars
All localities.......... 10,404 68,461
+3.2 1,567,598
Alabama: Birmingham.
82
+1.3
California:
Los Angeles— .....
San Francisco-Oakland............
Other localities....
19 672
26 680
17 825
62 1,677
T h e State.......
484
+3.7
8,283 +13.8
Dollars
22.90
186
544
Connecticut:
Bridgeport........
Hartford..........
N e w H a v e n .......
-7.0
106
250
151
279 -18.7
695 +5.8
612 -9.7
+0.5
17.11 +12.4
+7.8 14,m +11.6 21.48
+.9 15,685 + 8.4 22.99
+57.8 4,907 +26.5 15.10
+11.4 84,946 +12.0 20.84
Colorado: Denver.....
27.6
+0.7
28.1 +14.7
+8.9
+7.5
-19.8
+.6
81.0
27.6
19.0
27.8
+7.6
+7.0
- 15.6
+2.6
Percentage change
from February 1935
Average
hourly
earnings1
March 1935
Percentage change
from February 1935
Average
hours per
week per
man 1
Number March 1935
Percentage change
from February 1935
Average
weekly
earnings
Amount March 1935
Percentage change
from February 1935
P a y rolls
Amount March 1935
1
Percentage change
from February 1935
§
a
0
Employment
Number March 1935
Locality
W>
a
■
§
S*
£
Cents
83.0 -0.8
62.0
-.5
69.2
88.2
79.7
76.4
-8.4
+.1
-4.9
-2.1
-.4
20.60
+7.1
25.3
+6.8
80.2 -1.5
6,415 -22.7
15,453 +6.5
14,358 -9.6
22.99
22.23
23.46
-5.0
+.7
+.2
27.6
29.5
29.7
-8.3
+.3
+.7
83.2 +3.7
74.9 + . 5
79.1 - . 6
11,204
T h e State.......
507 1,586
-5.5
36,226
-6.4
22.84
-.9
29.2
-1.4
77.9
+. 1
Delaware: Wilmington.
District of Columbia—
96
798
365 3,076
+5.0
+4.9
16,049
77,511
+.8
+.8
20.11
25.20
-4.0
-3.9
28.0
28.2
-4.8
-4.1
71.7
89.6
+.6
(’
)
Florida:
Jacksonville.......
M i a m i ............
42
57
233 +34.7
600 -19.7
4,035 +41.7
12,972 -17.2
17.32
21.62
+5.2
+3.1
26.4
29.8
+3.9
+5.7
62.0 -6.2
72.6 -2.3
T h e State.......
99
833
-9.5
17,007
-8.1
20.42
+1.5
28.9
+4.3
70.2 -3.8
Georgia: Atlanta......
131
801
-1.1
13,611
+3.7
16.99
+4.9
28.6 +18.7
59.5 -11.6
* Averages computed from^reports furnished b y 10,019 firms.
* N o change.
19
Table 7.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in the BuildingConstruction Industry, M arch 1935— Continued
[Figures in italicsarenot compiled by the Bureau ofLabor Statisticsbut are taken from reports issued by
cooperating State bureaus]
1
§
<3
Dollars
Dollars
m
860 -25.6 21,257 -15.0 24.72 + 14.2
106 2,418 + 42.7 52,966 +74.6 21.90 +22.8
m 8,278 +15.0 74,228 +84.1 22.64 +16.6
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
61
80
139
35
+8.5
+3.1
-2.9
-.2
§ z
T h e State__
Indiana:
Evansville___
Fort Wayne..
Indianapolis..
South B e n d — .
270 +8.4
211 +37.0
871 +22.3
120 — 18.4
315 1,472 +16.6
T h e State..
81
60
139
110
85
Iowa: De s Moines___
Kansas: Wichita.....
Kentucky: Louisville.
io
BH
•s
s
3
!
S3
fc
&
fl
Illinois:
Chicago.......
Other localities.
3
05
y-H
359
210
672
826
198
1
s
a
S3
I
!
s
io
a
<
Average
hourly
earnings1
Ud
§
■S
a
Cents
Percentage change
from February 1935
o
&
Average
hours per
week per
man»
Percentage change
from February 1935
i
Average
weekly
earnings
Percentage change
from February 1935
92?
P a y rolls
Percentage change
from February 1935
Locality
Percentage change
from February 1935
Employment
60
fl
1
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
23.6
24.2
27.7
24.4
+7.3
+3.4
-2.1
-2.0
73.3 +1.1
76.8 -.1
79.3 -1.0
74.8 +1.8
26.2
+17.6
+41.2
+18.8
-18.5
17.32
18.58
21.95
18.27
29,911 +17.1
20.32
+.4
+ .8
77.7
-.1
22.18
17.95
19.39
18.03
19.15
+9.5
+.4
+4.4
+2.6
+3.6
27.2 +12.9
25.7 (2)
28.4 +5.6
28.2 +4.1
24.0 +6.7
81.7
69.8
67.4
63.9
79.6
-3.5
+.3
-3.0
-1.7
-3.2
-.4
4,677
3,921
19,121
2,192
--877 ~ 7,962
+4.0
3,769
-7.4
13,031
14,894
+. 6
3,792
+4.8
- 14.6 24,078
(<)
+4.4
-3.4
+3.2
+8.6
Maine: Portland-.....
Maryland: Baltimore...
Massachusetts: All lo
calities.............
—25.7 18.18 -18.0 26.5 -12.8 68.9
84 1,828
684 8,966 +.4 98,522 -1.1 28.68 -1.5 27.8 -1.8 84.8 +.2
Michigan:
Detroit.......
Flint.........
Grand Rapids.
478 3,960 +10.4
52
128 +10.8
103
298 +1.7
109,612 +10.0
2,238 -10.9
5,441 +14.6
27.68
-.4
17.48 -17.9
18.26 +12.7
+.9
32.4
22.3 -15.8
28.3 +12.7
85.4 -1.3
75.9 -4.3
64.5 - . 2
633 4,386
117,291
26.74
31.9
+1.6
84.0 - 1 . 2
74.7 +2.8
78.1 -1.6
80.0 +1.5
T h e State___
Minnesota:
Duluth..
mneapoli
St. Paul...
46
200
144
T h e State......
Missouri:
Kansas City *_____
St. Louis.........
T h e State......
Nebraska: O m a h a ....
N e w York:
N e w Y ork City--Other localities____
159 +33.6
679 -11.7
687 -3.4
+9.7
(2)
3,334 +55.6
14,375 -11.0
16,135 -3.9
20.97 +16.5
21.17
+.8
23.49
-. 6
28.2 +13.7
26.9 +1.1
29.5 -2.0
390 1,525
-4.6
33,844
-3.5
22.19
+1.1
28.2
+.7
246 1,191
536 2,406
+.6
+2.8
30,112
61,690
+1.4
+5.0
25.28
25.64
+.8
+.2
28.3
25.8
+1.4
+1.6
782 3,597
+2.0
91,802
+3.8
25.52
+1.7
26.6
+1.5
96.0
+.2
152
+3.4
14,248 +12.2
21.30
+8.5
29.4
+9.3
72.5
- .7
669
78.6
(’
)
89.6 -1.0
99.5 + . 8
576 8,905 -2.7 266,945 +.9 29.98 +8.8 27.8 + S * 107.7 +.2
829 5,228 +1.7 118,090 -2.6 22.69 -4.2 26.9 -4.6 88.9 + • 4
90514,188 - 1.2 885,086 -.2 27.24 +1.0 27.6 +.4 99.1 +.6
T h e StateNorth Carolina: Char
lotte................
Ohio:
A k r o n ............
Cincinnati6_______
Cleveland--......
Dayt o n.......... .
Youngstown......
T h e State—
+9.7
50
328
+8.3
81
251 +26.8
409 1,713 +11.2
606 1,805 -3.5
144
394
+• 3
412 +19.1
90
. 1,330 4,575
+5.2
55.5 -8.1
+9.4
15.38
+1.1
27.7
+9.9
5,071 +25.4
37,744 +10.6
44,199 -8.0
8,195 -6.6
9,251 +11.8
20.20
22.03
24.49
20.80
22.45
-1.1
-.5
-4.6
-6.8
-6.1
24.2
26.5
24.4
25.9
25.4
-.8 83.4 - . 2
-.4 83.4 - . 2
-2.0 100.7 -1.9
-4.8 80.2 -2.3
-6.6 88.3 + . 2
22.83i -3.9
25.4
-1.9
5,045
104,460
+1.2
90.0 -1.9
* Averages computed from reports furnished by
< Less than M e of 1 percent increase.
10,019 firms,
8 Includes both Kansas City, Mo., and Kansas
a N o change.
City, Kans.
8 Data not available.
• Includes Covington an d Newport, K y .
20
Table 7.— Employm ent, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in the Building Construction Industry, M arch 1935— Continued
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau Labor Statistics but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State bureaus]
Oklahoma:
O kl a h o m a City....
Tulsa.............
80
43
401 +16.6
186 +20.0
T h e State..... .
Percentage change
from February 1935
March 1935
1,779
52,047
81,784
2,687
2,201
87,762
128,160
-19.8
+1.2
+4.7
-U.5
+7.1
+11.2
+4.2
11.40
20.82
24.75
17.82
18.97
19.19
20.67
-8.9
-.8
-1.1
-8.2
-1.2
-.6
-.6
18.1
28.4
27.0
26.7
25.0
29.9
28.2
-7.7
-1.4
-2.6
-1.1
-1.2
-.8
- 1.1
72.8 - . 7
72.2 +1.0
91.8 +1.9
66.7 -2.8
76.6 + . a
68.6 <*>
78.2 + . 5
22,229 +16.9
20.19
-2.8
27.1
-3.6
74.5 +
11.91 -18.5
15.81
-.3
16.44 +1.3
14.84 +18.2
21.1
23.1
27.0
24.1
-.5
-5.3
+8.4
+8.1
56.4 -18.0
68.4 +5.2
61.0 -6.6
61.7 +9.4
15.06
24.2
+3.4
62.3
175 +38.9
272 -3.5
312 -1.0
391 +4.0
+4.6
2,085 +13.2
4,299 -3.9
5,130
+. 3
5,804 +23.0
17,318
+7.3
16,151 +14.9
2,147 0)
25,389 +38.1
5,388 +40.1
453 2,600 +12.7
49,075 +27.7
3,880 +14.3
Virginia:
N orfolk-Portsmouth
R i c h m o n d ........
63
116
371
760
(2)
+5.0
6,249
14,903
179 1,131
+3.3
21,152
671 +1.5
201 +32.2
186 +2.2
+2.5
1.1
-.6
18.91 +16.8
16.64
+.8
20.21 +10.1
14.93 +19.2
29.5 +15.2
26.2 +1.6
28.6 +12.6
25.1 +27.4
64.6 +1.7
63.5 - . 8
70.9 -1.5
59.5 -6.3
18.88 +13.3
28.3 +14.6
66.9
20.86
+7.5
27.1 +12.0
77.2 -4.6
-3.8
+1.4
16.84
19.61
-3.9
-3.4
25.6
28.3
-3.4
-4.1
65.8
69.2
-.5
+.4
-.2
18.70
-3.4
27.4
-3.9
68.2
+.3
-.4
14,787 +6.2
4,573 +38.6
3,794 +22.2
22.04 +4.6
22.75 +4.8
20.40 +19.5
22.1 +1.8
27.9 +12.5
22.8 +22.6
99.6 + 2.6
81.6 -6.8
89.4 -2.4
278 1,058
+6.3
23,154 +13.9
21.88
+7.1
23.3
+7.9
93.8
53
179
148 2,074
-8.2
+4.7
3,083 -10.0
40,356 -4.6
17.22
19.46
-1.9
-8.9
25.9
29.4
-6.2
-3.6
66.4 + 4 .2
65.0 -6.6
» Averages computed from reports furnished b y 10,019 firms,
* N o change.
* Less than M « of 1 percent increase.
7 E a c h separate area includes form 2 to 8 counties.
Percentage change
from February 1935
11.4
+1.5
+5.9
-8.6
+8.4
+11.8
+4.9
-
+6.3
T h e State.......
N umber March 1935
84.9 -1.4
186
West Virginia: Wheel
ing.................
Wisconsin: All localities.
Percentage change
from February 1935
70.3 + 1 . 3
+7.9
854 -1.6
183
129
-.8
25
168 1,256 +25.3
361 +17.6
77
150
55
73
Amount March 1935
-2.1
24.7
69
T h e State— ......
Percentage change
from February 1935
23.4
9,793 +17.5
Utah: Salt Lake City...
Washington:
Seattle....... ....
Spokane........—
T a c o m a ........ —
71.7 + 5 . 6
67.8 -7. 0
-.1
252 l.ipi +20.3
214 1,150
Cents
+6.1
19 156
871 2,561
198 u m
148
41 116
28
261 1,968
918 6,281
T h e State.......
21.7 -11.1
26.9 +17.5
16.68
Pennsylvania:7
Erie area..........
Philadelphia area...
Pittsburgh area....
Reading area......
Scranton area......
Other areas... ....
Texas:
Dallas............
El Paso......... —
Houston..........
San Antonio...... .
15.78 -5.0
18.63 +10.3
20.94
843
32
35
70
77
Dollars
+7.7
587 +17.6
156
Tennessee:
Chattanooga......
Knoxville.........
M e m p h i s .........
Nashville.........
6,328 +10.8
3,465 +32.4
Average
hourly
earnings1
17,654
123
T h e State— ......
Dollars
Average
hours per
w eek per
man *
+1.6
T h e State.......
Oregon: Portland......
R h o d e Island: Provi
dence...............
Average
weekly
earnings
P a y rolls
Amount March 1935
Percentage change
from February 1935
Number March 1935
Number of firms reporting
Locality
Employment
-.8
21
Employment on Class I Railroads
A c c o r d i n g to reports of the Interstate Commerce Commission
there were in March 965,637 employees, exclusive of executives and
officials (preliminary), on class I railroads— that is, roads having
operating revenues of $1,000,000 or over— as compared with 956,880
in February. This represents an increase of 0.9 percent. Informa
tion concerning pay rolls in March is not yet available. The total
compensation of all employees except executives and officials was
$117,928,027 in February as compared with $126,805,045 in January.
The decline over the month interval amounted to 7 percent. How
ever, this decline should not be viewed with alarm as February had
only 28 days while January had 31. By reducing pay rolls to a com
parable basis, we find that February actually showed a gain of 3
percent.
The monthly trend of employment is shown from January 1923
through March 1935 by the index numbers given in table 8. These
indexes have been compiled by the Interstate Commerce Commission,
and like the Bureau’
s indexes of factory employment are based on the
3-year average, 1923-25, as 100.
Table 8.— Indexes of Employm ent on Class I Railroads in the United States,
January 1923 to February 1935
[3-year average, 1923-25=100]
Month
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
January.....
February___
M a r c h ......
April........
M a y ____ ___
June........
July........
August______
September___
October_____
N o v e m b e r ___
December___
98.4
98.6
100.4
101.9
104.8
107.1
108.2
109.2
107.7
107.1
105.0
99.1
96.7
96.9
97.3
98.8
99.1
97.9
98.0
98.9
99.6
100.7
98.9
96.0
95.5
95.3
95.1
96.5
97.7
98.5
99.3
99.5
99.7
100.4
98.9
96.9
95.6
95.8
96.5
98.6
100.0
101.3
102.6
102.4
102.5
103.1
101.0
98.0
95.2
95.0
95.6
97.1
99.1
100.7
100.7
99.2
98.8
98.5
95.5
91.7
89.1
88.7
89.7
91.5
94.4
95.8
95.4
95.5
95.1
95.2
92.7
89.5
88.0
88.6
89.8
91.9
94.6
95.8
96.3
97.1
96.5
96.6
92.8
88.5
86.1
85.2
85.3
86.7
88.3
86.3
84.5
83.5
82.0
80.2
76.9
74.8
73.5
72.6
72.7
73.4
73.8
72.7
72.3
71.0
69.2
67.6
64.4
62.5
61.1
60.2
60.5
59.9
59.6
57.7
56.3
54.9
55.7
56.9
55.8
54.7
53.0
52.7
51.5
51.8
52.5
53.6
55.4
56.8
57.7
57.4
55.8
54.0
54.1
54.6
55.9
56.9
58.5
59.0
58.7
57.8
57.0
56.6
54.8
53.8
53.7
^54.2
1 54.7
Average---
104.0
98.2
97.8
99.8
97.3
92.7
93.1
83.3
70.6
57.8
54.4
56.5
2 54.2
1 Preliminary.
2 Average for 3 months.
Source: Interstate C o m m e r c e Commission.
22
Trend of Industrial Employment, by States
F l u c t u a t i o n s in employment and pay-roll totals in March 1935,
as compared with February 1935, in certain industrial groups, are
shown by States in table 9. These tabulations have been prepared
from data secured directly from reporting establishments and from
information supplied by cooperating State agencies. The combined
total of all groups does not include building-construction data, which
are shown by city and State totals in the section “Building construc
tion.” In addition to the combined total of all groups, the trend of
employment and pay rolls in the manufacturing, public utility, hotel,
wholesale trade, retail trade, bituminous-coal mining, crude-petroleum
producing, quarrying and nonmetallic mining, metalliferous mining,
laundry, dyeing and cleaning, and banks-brokerage-insurance groups
is presented. In this State compilation, the totals of the telephone
and telegraph, power and light, and electric-railroad operations
groups have been combined and are presented as one group— public
utilities.
The percentage changes shown in the accompanying table, unless
otherwise noted, are unweighted; that is, the industries included in
the groups, and the groups comprising the total of all groups, have
not been weighted according to their relative importance in the
combined totals.
The anthracite mining industry, which is confined entirely to the
State of Pennsylvania, showed decreases from February to March of
20.2 percent in employment and 39.5 percent in pay rolls. These
percentages are based on reports received from 160 mines, which
employed in March 71,401 workers whose earnings in 1 week ending
nearest the 15th were $1,577,003.
When the identity of any reporting company would be disclosed by
the publication of a State total for any industrial group, figures for
the group do not appear in the separate industrial-group tabulation,
but are included in the State totals for “
All groups.” Data are not
presented for any industrial group when the representation in the
State covers less than three establishments.
23
Table 9.— Comparison of Employm ent and Pay R olls in Identical Establishm ents
in February and M arch 1935, by States
[Figures in italicsarenot compiled by the Bureau ofLabor Statistics,but aretaken from reports issuedby
cooperating State organizations]
Manufacturing
Total-—allgroups
State
Alabama..
Arizona- —
Arkansas—
California
Colorado—
Connecticut....
Delaware______
District of C o
lumbia______
Florida........
Georgia........
Idaho...
Illinois..
Indiana..
Io w a ___
Kansas..
Kentu c k y .....
Louisiana.....
M a i n e ........
Maryland.....
Massachusetts..
Michigan..
Minnesota..
Mississippi..
Missouri___
M o n t a n a __
Nebraska......
N e v a d a ..... .
N e w Hampshire.
N e w Jersey____
N e w Mexico___
Num
ber of
estab
lish
ments
Per
N u m cent A m o u n t
age
ber on
change a r c
from
week)
March Feb
March
ruary
1935
1935
1935
1,238
538
77,690
12,359
+1.4 $1,191,829
-1.3
256,593
Per
cent
age
change
from
Feb
ruary
1935
+5.3
+ 1.1
1641 23,818 -.1 847,699 - 1.0
* 1,716 288,658 +.9 6,066,872 +1.9
1,313
2,206 178,014
11,719
220
955 37,029
1,301 52,273
1,—
100,738
+.4
+.1
-.4
+ 2.1
-4.3
+2.4
858,722
3,708,156
252,820
870,413
833,846
1,482,807
+.6
+ 1.6
+.7
+ 2.1
- 1.*
+ 1.8
504
172,022 +2.4
8,492 +1.3
8 4,419 477,448 + 1.0 10,988,840 + 2.2
2,643 168,805 +3.2 3,702,575 +6.7
1,795 55,597
1,158,920 +
*2 , m 58,856
1,184, " - 2.0
1,519
1,035
83,846
+.9
-.4
-.9
2.2
1,611,314
+• 1
376
6,207
51,871
2,256
+0.9
+.1
$723,310
42,979
179
12,176
+ 1.6
267,915
+.4
+1.3 2,891,903
154,653
+.4
+2.9
252 15,025
962 125,841
706 143,780
7,725
+ 2.8
107,695
275,545
-7.1
+2.7 1,006,693
+. 9
-3.3
+1.3
64
2,174
+8.5
+4.2
655 124,019
401 28,990
,7Sd
20,831
Tennessee.
Texas_____
U t a h .....
Vermont...
Virginia__
1,840 58,885 +.4 1,849,568 -.8
1,401
85,507
+1.5
1,381,259
+2.3
606
510
2,194
15,789
14.917
91.791
-.4
+1.4
339.844
295,921
1,679,536
+2.9
3,345 79,605
1,301 147,145
+1.3
1,788,126
3,214,718
+4.0
+3.1
1
1.8
- 2.2
+ 2.6
-1.
- 1.2
91,020 168,808 +1.5 8,444,592 +1.4
7,183 -3.4 188,311 +2.7
638,008
324,248
729,972
+ 2.1
96,087
+1.5
231,157
23,996
686,205
+. 7
+1.3
-1.5
32,468
+4.0
-4.0
-2.9
+.9
-2.7
+1.5
-2.7
-.6
-4.0
+3.3
302
909.173
- .‘16,890,817
-1.5 1,737, 561
+
857,654
-2.2
173,007
1,439 41,413
9,817 781,976
1,265 88,632
678 64,903
530
7,171
1,6
+ 8.0
2.0
24,817 - 2.0 589,210 - 2.0
8 1,912 890,190
617 135,141
50
2,486 387,478
152 10,086
Oregon........
Pennsylvania__
R h o d e Island__
South Carolina.
South Dakota..
+3.6 2,750,671
607,793
+
410
+2.4
+.3
+. 1
+1.4
+2.5
+.2
1.8
40,903
1,984 298,726 + 1.7 6,474,761 +2.7
18,922,443
2,019,282
-1.4
108,819
+
12,305,417
784,730
+ 1.1
- 1.0
3,303
20,336
76,485
+4.8
17,564 743,370
1,272 144,737
5,032
536,746
38,007
+3.3
-2.5
+.2 208,848 + 1.2
+ . 5 8,098,901
+.«
47
208
385
123,928
+3.1
Per
centage
change
from
Febru
ary
1935
230
44
-.5
714,587 + 2.0
42,556
229 22,713
888 49,519 -3.5 925,607 -4.4
268 40,838
1,706 106,494 + 1.2 2,205,■" +2.2
610 70,095
*8,749 482,520 -.2 9,422,827 + . 0 1,560 246,818
3,586 465,327 +1.4 12,342,113 +1. 5
882 406,641
2,220 82.916 +3.3 1,813,067 +3.9
409 35,653
616 17,703 + 2.0
244,889 + 2.0
108 11,040
3,543 163,002 + 2.2 3,497,180 +4.0
833 81,926
816 16,372
-.1 421.173 +1.7
94
4,091
702,302 +2.3
163 10,634
1,1 32.790 _(«)
3,233
+.5
84,526 + 1.8
923
36
831,249
746 45,627
-.6
-.9
206 39,287
3,875 251,422 + 1.2 5,861,528 +3.7
216,764
N e w Y o r k .... .
North Carolina.
North Dakota...
Ohio..........
Okl a h o m a .....
Washington...
We s t Virginia.
Wisconsin....
W y o m i n g ....
Per A m o u n t
N u m centage
N u m ber
on change of pay
ber of
pay
roll (1
from
estab
week)
roll
lish
r c h Febru
March
ary
ments M a1935
1935
1935
355
- 1.8
+.1
- .4
+ 1.5 4,829,049
+ 8.6
6,712
+ 8.8
+1.5
+8.7
1
+. 1,862,551
+1.7
19,816
+1.7 9,046,226
197,965
2.0
+3.2
+.1
+.2
+ 1.2
-.3
+4.7
68,746
57,185
+2.7
405,929
+. 5 8,689,088
-1.* 1,256,675
+1.4
730,186
33,374
37,953
+4.0
774,521
+4.8
1,585
- 12.1
44,210
- 8.2
2,179 480,020
423
206
33
+.9
-5.7
5+ 1.6 1,876,979 5+S.8
+ 1.0 4,995,858 +2.4
11,967,004 +4.1
+8.4
+5.7
755,216
+6.7
+2.9
131,521
+ 1.1
+ 2.8 1,685,436 +5.3
+2.8
-3.8
+.3
6.2
-7.1
60,222
+ 1.6 918,101 + 1.2
819 27,092 -.8 684,188 -.2
110 4,512 +1.9 90,443 + 4 . 9
141
9,481
-4.1
184,381
- 2.6
451 60,751
+1.3 1,062,776
+ 2.1
i,r~
249 55,433
+ 2.8 1,183,815 + 1.1
756 188,588 *+1.7 2,792,757 *+2.9
48
1Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel, and building stone.
2Includes banks, insurance, and office employment.
3Includes building and contracting.
4 Includes construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employment, amusement and recreation,
professional, and transportation services.
* Weighted percentage change.
6 Less than M o of 1 percent.
7Includes laundries.
8 Includes laundering and cleaning, but does not include food, canning, and preserving.
• Includes construction, but does not include hotels and restaurants, and public works.
133227—35------4
24
Table 9.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in February and March 1935, by States— Continued
{Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued
by cooperating State organizations]
Retail trade
Wholesale trade
State
Alabama...
Arizona___
Arkansas_
California..
Colorado...
Connecticut___
Delaware.......
District of C o
lumbia......
Florida........
Georgia. .......
Idaho,
Illinois..
Indiana.
Iowa.
Kentucky..
Louisiana..
M a i n e ____
Maryland.
Michigan..
Minnesota.
Missou___
Montana..
Nebraska......
N e v a d a . . .....
New Hampshire.
N e w Jersey....
N e w Mexico___
Per
Per
Amount
cent
N u m N u m cent
age
age
ber
on
ber of
change
change
estab'
from
from
week)
?
o
a
i
lishM a r c h ’ Feb
r c h F e b
ments M a1935
ruary
ruary
1935
1935
1935
113
68
2,353
1,142
- 20.6
+0.5
3,465
- 1.2
+7.3
-7.1
87,413
-.8
84,879 - 2.2
160,881 +1.1
221
5,448 -27.0
523 -
114,305 -17.5
11,723
1,102
32,583
154,976
40,652
182
16
237
113
1.1
10,336
1,618
+3.0
-6.9
+.1
67
676 - 10.1
898 12,998 + 1.9
367
5,576 + 1.8
206
-.1
3,298
S69 2,995 +.4
211 3,
-9.8
-.9
178
3,297
107
1,613 - 1.0
m 8,511
m 17,641 W
348
413
68
741
102
48
42
233
915
724
+1.3
-2.7
214
3,194
+.3
81
31
216
1,132
545
3,617
+.6
-.7
- 2.6
WashingtonW e s t Virginia.
Wisconsin___
W y o m i n g ___
771
123
9,674
1,901
+.3
• Less than
of 1 percent.
168 4,067 +2.1
218
+.8
- 1.8
688 +.S
+1.3
-4.5
307,521
29,239
+ 1.8
738
506
811
14,009
7,442
9,239
290,723
142,288
156,607
+1.5
+1.9
+3.2
68,811
-2.3
+4.2
+.5
452
453
280
7,
7,617
2,673
2,074
+.3
+.2
+. 5
1,678
965
204
1,418
391
31,621
16,544
2,066
28,703
3,223
873
109
307
2,128
207
9,270
786
2,767
20,453
1,473
17,253
7,726
1,948,165
19,515
18,471
440,581
-1.9
+1.9
+.4
-.7
-.2
+1.7
+.2
+2.5
+6.4
--3.2
--4.0
99,730
556,596
48,344
21,254
20,375
+7.5
-.9
+.2
+ 2.8
-.4
+2.5
-.4
43,289
+3.6
325,777
142,913
+3.8
+.6 1,891,790 +1.7
+ 1.2
192,056
+ 2.6 143,710
-.4
129,556
- 1.6 54,475
810,225
+i:S 1,819,806
+5.8
+3.5
+ 1.0
+2.9
+1.4
+.8
+2.5
-3.0
+1.4
-.1
+.6
+3.0
+1.9
-.5
+1.7
+2.7
174,964
20,341
55,024
465,674
32,701
+1.5
+2.7
+3.9
+2.9
+ 2.2
+ 2.8
tt?
- 1.0
+ 2.0
+ 1.1
+ 2.2
2.6
+ 1.0
+3.7
+3.4
9,801 157,642
432
4,084
132
926
3,973 62,170
811
8,167
3,539,742
+4.1
62,007
+1.4
17,181
+3.8 1,192,020
151,770
+
3,674
614
278
171
8,646
64,605
9,561
3,192
1,116
178,312
-.9 1,312,339
-.7
185,677
+4.7
45,706
+1.3
21,500
+3.6
+5.5
+2.7
155,216
+3.1
+1.7
59,046
33,134
202,785
+.5
+2.4
+ 2.6
+.2
+ 1.8
73,170
+3.0
500
8,619
+3.5
+1.3
+.2
264
168
1,170
2,762
1,583
10,994
272,604
50,152
+2.7
+3.1
1,722
318
16,230
3,895
+1.7
-.7
338,597
72,749
+.8
179
1,135
+.7
26,233
22,842
+ 1.6
672,245
311,153
31,444
579,546
75,001
32,167
12,655
82,315
96,860 +2.6
-1.5
+3.1
10,44% +1.7
672 16,882
86,988 + 1.1
470.022 +.4 4,850 66,095
+ 2.1
+3.7
+2.3
64,386
79,244
39,572
+.2
+ 1.2
-1.4
+ 1.!
+.6
-.5
+.7
14,556
1,410
78,808 +1.1
64,466
678
723
16,782
2,797
i,r*‘ - 1.0
1,009
82
270
105.022
10,520
12,161
118,016
6,946
3,445
20,464
+ 6.8
1,206
+.3
-3.2
-1.7
-1.4
-1.4
281
1,272
99
71
161
172
$119,166
66,862
-.1
4,017
303
473
4,081
279
Oregon.-._______
Pennsylvania...
R h o d e Island. ..
South Carolina..
South Dakota__
i,r
+2.5
+1.7
+.9
- 10.6
3,664
56
187
3,367
14,654
170,905
213,643
24,145
400,542
29,728
-.1
- 8.8
+2.9
678
291
138,748
86,384
+.5
+1.7
- 1.2
+1.7
+ 6.6
Per
centage
change
from
Febru-
166 2,812 + 1.1 46,728 - . 8
120 27,276 +2.8 548,79; +8.4
+ 2.0 170,165
8,520
552
868,162 +8.9 1,
6,474
8,093
1,186
15,534
1,053
N e w Y o r k _____
North CarolinaNorth Dakota.
Ohio________
O k l a h o m a___
Texas
U t a h ________
V e r m o n t ....
Virginia.....
$60,579
20,758
116 1,882
100 6,708 % s
Per A m o u n t
N u m centage
N u m ber
on change
ber of
from
estab
week)
s a r
lish
r c h Febru- M a r c h
ments M a1935
1935
881 8,976 + 2.1 166,870
+ 1.8
+ 1.2
58 10,772 +1.9 160,286
+.4
+1.7
+1.4
-.6
+.4
-.4
+2.7
25
Table 9*— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in February and March 1935, by States— Continued
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State organizations]
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
State
A l a ba m a .... ..
Arizona________
California______
Colorado_______
Connecticut
Delaware
Dist.ofColumbia.
Florida .
Georgia. ___
Idaho__________
Tnfiian^___ _
Iowa.
Kansas.-
Per
Amount
N u m N u m cent
age
ber
on
ber of
change
estab
from
week)
lish* M assr
r c h F e b
March
ments
1935 ruary
1935
1935
Per
cent
age
change
from
F e b
ruary
1935
16
3
4
45
5
544 +5.8
44 +10.0
103 (10)
— .1
1,045
16 -33.3
$6,757 +15.6
516 +5.7
1,055 +5.2
19,524 +1.3
300 — 11.5
24
194 +48.1
3,363 +48.0
(10)
+3.5
17
21
959
1,373
22
69
20
486 +16.8
1,286 +24.0
303 +1.0
1,245 +1.5
84
Michigan______
Minnesota_____
Mississippi_____
Missouri_______
Montana- ......
44
20
10
59
8
1,288 +2.8
171 +28.6
193 +2.1
1,218 +8.9
64 +14.3
23,316 +6.5
3,025 +20.9
2,104 — 20.0
16,534 +9.0
1,145 +39.8
Nebraska._
N e v a d a ________
N e w Hampshire.
N e w Jersey---N e w Mexico___
5
242 +70.4
2,527 +42.1
11
31
89 +32.8
467 +3.3
1,818 +66.9
8,800
— .5
77
12
1,683 +22.8
315 +1.9
35,364 +35.8
4,036 +19.1
119
15
2,815 +12.0
148 -1.3
42,497 +11.9
1,874 +25.7
Oregon________
Pennsylvania___
R h o d e Island
South Carolina..
South Dakota.„
5
150
52 -18.7
3,759 +7.5
915
62,634
5
5
195 +18.2
33 — 60.7
Tennessee______
T e x a s . _____ __
U t a h ..........
Vermont
Virginia__
__
19
17
+4.0
+1.5
95 +5.6
1,658 +3.6
1,345 +23.8
+8.6
+♦4
1,973 +19.9
30,685 +8.3
15,387 +30.5
Washington
We s t Virginia...
Wisconsin.
W y o m i n g . . . ___
14
20
396 +27.3
785
— .9
6,330 +55.8
11,916 — 1.7
1,871 + . *
N e w Vnftr .
North CarolinaNorth Dakota.
Ohio
Oklahoma______
8
38
31
12
595
641
107 +8.9
io N o change.
1,149
2,635
-0.7
+.7
88 2,668 +6.6
8,897 +19.3
22,040 +40.7
5,291 +5.7
28,189 — .2.5
39
7
10
7
9
20
$22,706
63,963
Per
centage
change
from
Febru
ary
1935
+17.7
— .3
~67,200 +10.5
13
1,049
+.1
28,761
+ 4.0
7
2,008
+.8
46,251
+1.2
+4.9
+3.6
K entucky ____
Louisiana. __
M a in e__ <.______
M a r yland______
Massachusetts__
19
761 +1.3
715 +3.8
91 +31.9
1S6 - 7.6
354 +24.6
11,570
13,633
Per
N u m centage A m o u n t
N u m ber
of pay
change
on
ber of
from
roll (1
estab
week)
Febru
S
S
lish M a r c h
March
ary
ments
1935
1935
1935
12 urn
—
.4
20,886
6,987 — 6.7
8,835 +17.4
1,552 +78.0
1,782 — 21.0
6,443 +23.5
+3.3
+3.8
41
25
4,597
1,059
-1.4
+21.3
79,007
19,133
+ 5.8
+31.9
13
17
1,845
3,691
+1.2
+3.4
20,246
108,956
+.6
+3.0
15
554
-2.3
13,725
+.3
4
842
+.7
16,162
-.7
25
1,301
-1.4
21,376
-4.0
4
68
+1.5
1,486
+20.6
4
367
+1.9
7,469
-1.4
1,827
+.3
39,336
+4.4
2,443 +35.9
530 — 46.2
6,392
18,478
12
<“>
721 -1.8
u N o t available.
16,466 -8.0
26
Table 9.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in February and March 1935, by States— Continued
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State organizations]
Bituminous-coal mining
State
A l a b a m a __ ____
Arizona.....
Arkansas
California.......
Colorado....___
Per
N u m cent A m o u n t
N u m ber
age
on
ber of
change
estab
week)
from
S
S
lish
r c h Feb
March
ments M a1935
ruary
1935
1935
56
10,812
+1.6
11
668
-50.0
49
4,638
-5.1
Crude-petroleum producing
Per
cent
age
change
from
Feb
ruary
1935
Per
N u m N u m centage A m o u n t
ber of ber on change
from
estab
week)
lish
r c h Febru
March
ary
ments M a1935
1935
1935
Per
centage
change
from
Febru
ary
1935
$187,199 +11.4
7,467 - 46.2
6
43
291
9,790
-2.7
+2,1
$7,401
319,053
+1.4
+00
— 6.6
+2.3
— 4.5
11
4
205
20
+2.0
(10)
4,444
343
+5.2
+13.2
40396
+6.4
-3.9
6
8
243
231
— .4
-4.1
3, »11
6,058
+9.4
-6.4
7
28
-6.7
792
-1.4
84,646
-9.8
219,409
144,107
49,961
534,655
Connecticut____
Delaware______
District of C o
lumbia__ ____
Florida________
Georgia___ .....
Idaho___ ______
Illinois________ _
_____ __
Iowa._____ ___ _
Kansas......___
28 9,088 -*.4
48
25
5,785
2,350
— .6
— 2.2
— 1.6
Kentucky.......
Louisiana____...
M a i n e _________
Mar y l a n d ______
Massachusetts__
131
28,184
+.3
IS 1,487
-1.5
28,790 -6.8
Michigan........
Minnesota____ _
Mississippi_____
Missouri______ _
M o n t a n a _______
3
971
+1.3
27,189 +11.1
19
11
1,739
963
— 3.7
-7.1
25,109 — 19.7
23,610 -13.7
Nebraska____...
N e v a d a ________
N e w Hampshire.
N e w Jersey_____
N e w Mexico____
12
1,697
+6.4
33,531
N e w York_____
North Carolina
North Dakota...
Ohio...........
Olrlahomft
Oregon..........
Pennsylvania—
R h o d e Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee______
Texas____ _____
U t a h ..........
Vermont_______
Virginia.— _____
Washington____
Wes t Virginia— .
Wisconsin______
W y o m i n g ______
23 2,060
8
78
17
526 -11.7
15,086 +2.8
684 -12.2
40,982 —19.6..... 23 " ”1,576
+8.4
10,668 — 17.8
301,745 — 6.3
8,819 -16.1
1,811,987
227
+14.6
5,695
+20.7
257
+2.0
5,890
+5.5
15
72
216
5,610
— .5
-1.2
4,174
142,376
-.9
+5.5
17
828
+9.5
19,754
+5.8
455
82,878
+3.7
18
5
15
3,256
370
2,157
— .1
+.5
-9.2
58,081 +8.9
6,196 -5.7
52,353 -21.2
23
4,918
+1.3
97,537
+9.5
13
380
1,186
76,033
+.9
+.7
32,586
1,682,294
-3.2
+4.4
12
472
30
3,214
-1.0
88,093
+9.6
10
198
* Less than H o of 1 percent.
+6.2
6
6
12 6,721 +1.6 226,066 -2.5
-7.1
+.5
i°N o change.
10,931
+3.7
5,932
+9.7
27
Table 9.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in February and March 1935, by States— Continued
{Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State organizations]
Hotels
Public utilities
Per
N u m cent A m o u n t
N u m ber
of pay
age
on
ber of
change roll (1
estab
from
week)
lish
March
rch Feb
ments M a1935
1935
ruary
1935
State
sr
A l a b a m a _______
Arizona..... .
Arkansas.......
California......
•Colorado.......
Connecticut....
Delaware......
District of C o
lumbia_______
Florida________
•Georgia.... ...
Idaho____ ____ _
Illinois...... .
Indiana________
I o w a _____ _____
Kansas.......
^Kentucky......
Louisiana......
M a i n e .........
Mary l an d......
Massachusetts - .
Per
cent
age
change
from
F e b
ruary
1935
89
64
1,882
1,637
210
5,899
-1.4
+.2
+.i
+.*
+1.7
$41,679
40,564
+4.4
+7.8
133
29
9,896
1,120
+.1
-1.4
308,509 -2.6
35,660 +12.5
153,691
+5.5
22
185
186
10,316
5,284
7,364
+1.7
+1.6
-.1
286,281
141,778
201,113
25 1,265
43 41,860
27,948 -.6
1,285,857 +4-9
Per A m o u n t
N u m centage
N u m ber
on change
ber of
from
estab
week)
lish
March
r c h Febru
ments M a1935
ary
1935
1935
sa
22
20
$11,033
12,707
+3.3
+1.7
5
290
-1.7
4,000
-3.4
+3.9
+9.9
+3.1
45
101
37
4,461
5,635
1,673
+1.4
-.6
+4.2
71,565
66,493
14,885
+1.0
-2.0
+2.7
57
775
-.1
15,926
-.1
9,206
8,937
+. 8
-1.0
236,499
214,624
+1.3
+1.8
19
12272
64
57
285
125
169
6,553
5,323
2,912
+2.4
-.1
-.9
154,288 +4.8
134,023 +3.1
79,088 + ( 6)
87 70,869 -.8 2,090,128 +1.5
«
+1.3
+2.3
28 1,095 + 24.8
9,416 +18.8
159 9,264 +4.6 148,928 +1.8
15,794
-1.7
- 2.5
50
1,157
-1.4
17,792
30
1,270
+.8
136
455
13164
7,899 +1.8
1,212
854
Per
centage
change
from
Febru
ary
1935
190,588 -2.8
99 12,188 -.8 861,155 -1.2
m 44,902 - 1.0 1,820,285 -8.1
428
+. 5
5,345
+5.0
2,681
2,487
+2.3
-1.2
29,006
24,012
+.2
+1.8
33
19
16
1,973
2,096
612
+1.4
-.2
+. 3
728 -.8
19
66 5,468 -8.0
20,739
23,807
7,772
+1.7
+2.6
+.6
8,995 -.6
81,409 -4.0
28
14,148 —1.7 221,768
676 -8.8
-.6
8,161 +2.8
Michigan......
Minnesota.....
Mississippi.....
Missouri.......
M o n t a n a .......
409
236
191
271
113
29,264 + 0 0
12,807
+. 9
2,028 -1.0
20,419
+.2
2,139 +1.4
905,175
344,046
43,586
580,915
65,899
+2.4
+1.9
+6.6
+4.6
+7.1
92
66
18
89
32
5,356
3,253
829
5,144
491
-2.1
-2.2
+2.2
+1.4
-4.1
68,858
40,520
7,060
64,741
6,958
+1.0
-2.2
+3.8
-.1
+.6
Nebraska......
N e v a d a ........
N e w Hampshire.
N e w Jersey.....
N e w Mexico___
362
34
137
267
53
5,814
360
2,159
20,738
669
+. 6
+5.6
-2.0
+.1
+5.5
151,989
10,943
60,195
635,148
13,757
+4.2
+1.8
+2.0
+2.4
+8.5
38
15
10
76
17
1,720
245
248
3,823
421
-1.9
-.4
-1.6
+1.6
-.9
18,774
3,590
2,949
48,875
4,251
+.8
+2.5
+. 3
+1.7
+.2
N e w Y o r k .....
North CarolinaNorth Dakota...
Ohio...........
O k l ah o m a ......
907 118,068
2,031
93
1,320
181
494 35,055
6,491
267
-.4
+. 8
-.4
+. 3
+1.0
3,895,435
43,317
32,743
982,052
155,879
+1.7
+3.8
+3.8
+2.2
+4.3
222
33
20
125
41
30,315
1,550
282
9,003
1,445
-1.6
+1.4
-4.7
-.5
-2.2
501,826
14,129
3,202
116,861
16,506
+.7
+3.6
-1.8
+.2
-1.8
Oregon........
Pennsylvania.
R h o d e Island___
South Carolina..
South Dakota...
889 54,584
178
5,640
+5.5
5,504
2,267
1,062
+.4
+(«)
+.1
+6.3
+2.4
166,081
46
76
130
1,591,658 +.1
167,853
44,766
26,761
-1.0
+7.4
+8.5
63
148
10
18
18
1,401
9,542
360
542
259
-.3
-1.6
(.0)
+3.4
(10)
18,885
134,180
5,175
4,930
2,942
+2.3
-.2
+.4
+4.8
-2.3
Tennessee......
Texas..........
U t a h ..........
V e r m o n t.......
Virginia........
408 8,801
248
5,049
+7.5
35
2,470
1,838
1,049
5,831
+1.1
- 1.4
-1.2
-1.6
+.1
119,884
71
101
178
201
116
t« 41
49
10,988
10,168
6,292
+1.6
-1.0
- 1.0
-1.4
Washington....
W e s t Virginia...
Wisconsin......
W y o m i n g ......
478
6 Less than H o of 1 percent.
10 N o change.
* N o t available.
21,738
-.7
6,784
3,358
20,266
+5.2
+1.0
+3.9
282,227 -1.0
40,036
26,941
149,107
+2.5
-5.3
+4.8
+• 1
88 8,088 +1.2
15
15
36
511
354
1,861
+5.6
-.3
+1.5
89,890 +5.8
299,002
165,884
+5.5
+3.0
83
36
2,546
1,272
+1.1
-.1
11,429
+2,0
13
101
30,565
+3.7
+1.4
13,933
(ll)
1,377 ‘
"+§.'2
847,844 +1.8
42 1,418
-.6
(10)
12 Includes restaurants.
13 Includes steam railways.
m Includes railways and express.
28
Table 9.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in February and March 1935, by States— Continued
[Figures in italicsare not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued
by cooperating State organizations]
Laundries
Per
N u m N u m cent
age
ber of ber on
estab
lish M as ra cr h from
Feb
ments 1035 ruary
1935
State
A l a b a m a .......
Arizona........
Arkansas.......
California......
Colorado.......
14
li
Connecticut____
Delaware......
District of C o
lumbia.......
Florida........
Georgia........
Idaho..........
Illinois.........
Indiana........
Iow a ... .......
Kansas........
10
16
e$
3
20
23
18
739
279
+ 0.1
+ 1.1
625
4,661 t:*
u$5
7
25
221
24,519
3,926
+2.4
+2.3
1,491
1,962
-2.7
-.3
+.7
43,812
19,048
23,145
+ 1.8
+3.1
1,710
1,019
+ 1.2
-.5
796 +.5
1,834
373
-.5
+.3
-1.4
+ 1.2
3,183
1,595
234
2,844
431
Nebraska-......
Nev a d a. . ......
N e w Hampshire.
N e w Jersey____
N e w Mexico___
810
47
300
+1.7
209
- .5
625
261
3,848
16
Tennessee......
Texas....... .
U t a h ..........
Ve r m o n t.......
Virginia........
22
10
6
25
«
17
14
27
9
+21
+1.4
+1.3
10,254 +1.1
23,414
3,846
7,068
-.8
28,131 +2.6
94,558 -.1
-.6
11,563
971
4,307
78,024
3,185
+.6
124,722
7,094
3,975
62,527
11,656
+.4
+.3
+2.4
- 1.8
+ 2.8
1,451
1,329
638
104
1,097
+. 6
+4.0
-.3
+ 1.0
+.6
0)
704 (1
453 + 2.0
914 +8.0
+1.7
• Less than H o of 1 percent.
» N o change.
5,117
24,619
14,012
(to)
- 1.0
+.9
-8.9
+.3
54,573 +.1
49,232
376
2,827
1,077
444
125
181
+.7
+.1
+.9
-.1
37,641
7,867
6,240
43,291
18,450
4,222
1,575
N u m Per
N u m ber on centage A m o u n t
ber of
change
from
estab
lish M a r c h Febru week)
March
ary
ments
1935
1935
1935
76
+.8
-.1
Michigan______
Minnesota_____
Mississippi.....
Missouri.......
M o n t a n a .... ...
12
-1.3
6,730 +6.7
83,227 +U1
+1.3
-3.1
26 1,
5,842 t l
Oregon........
Pennsylvania...
R h o d e Island___
South CarolinaSouth Dakota. —
$7,599
3,933
1,500
142
N e w Y o r k _____
North Carolina..
North Dakota.. .
Ohio...........
Okl a h o m a ......
week)
March
1935
Percentage
change
from
Feb
ruary
1935
1,443
16
K entucky ......
Louisiana______
M a i n e .........
Ma r y l a n d ......
Massachusetts__
Washington____
We s t Virginia...
Wisconsin______
W y o m i n g ......
Amount
i*70 3,229 - 2.8
37
26
Dyeing and cleaning
+2.4
+.6
-.1
+ 1.1
+ 2.8
+.2
+.2
+. 3
16
- 2.2
+1.7
+1.3
+.1
+3.1
+7.9
4,060
+ 10.6
-.8
(10
)
5,453
941
+.9
+.4
92
159
490
125
181
97
155
+3.0
(10)
+1.3
+ 6.8
+8.7
(10)
+21
+9.9
199 +3.6
1,931 +4.4
440
48
1,012
+6.4
(+1.9
10)
+14.0
+12.9
2,610
1,377
2,985
+.7
+ 8.2
8,649
+22.5
+7.7
18,364
7,818
730
17,055
+9.9
+4.7
+9.3
+14.7
+3.0
34,147 + 6.6
+4.2
3,319
+6.3
+3.3
+.6
1,068
7,028
+4.6
+2.3
+9.9
+.9
8,837
1,691
+11.5
+3.0
488
118
+4.5
1,817
(10)
+2.9
34,875
2,460
+ 2.8
87
1,513
323
76
35
+3.6
+4.3
+5.2
+1.3
1,672
26,368
5,601
1,063
661
+ 11.8
+ 8.6
+3.6
+ 2.6
- 2.8
122 + 6.1
1,778
8,581
2,239
1,174
6,550
+9.8
+6.3
+7.9
+7.5
+9.7
+ 1.1
3,227
3,818
+7.6
(10)
81
423
+14.1
+3.9
12,316
+.7
6,951 +14.8
176
+1.9
8,626
2,425
199
+4.7
2,f“
+3.9
+2.5
+5.1
+13.2
+9.8
134
484
13,169 +4.7
1,278
1,410
2,168
67
-.3
14,558
16,303 +11.5
9,421 +1.3
1,328 +4.8
12,834
-.2
+3.6
219
-2.3
+.8
+.8
$1,100
262
47
+ 1.6
+2.7
+.5
+2.5
(10)
Per
centage
change
from
Febru
ary
1935
17
-1.5
-10.5
i« Include dyeing and cleaning.
+.7
- 1.2
-2.3
29
Table 9*— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in February and March 1935, by States— Continued
{Figuresinitalicsarenot compiled by the Bureau ofLabor Statistics but aretaken from reports issued by
cooperating State organizations]
Banks, brokerage, and insurance
Percent A m o u n t of
m b e r on
age
pay roll Percentage
N u m b e r of N upay
roll
change
from
week) change
establish
March
from F eb (1
February
March
ments
ruary
1935
1935
1935
1935
State
A l a b a m a ................................
Arizona.................................
Arkansas................................
California.___________ ___________________
Colorado................................
6
16
4
1,105
26
362
136
101
21,016
721
+1.1
+.7
-1.0
+.6
+1.1
$10,701
4,161
2,399
684,102
25,531
+0.4
-.1
-.7
+.1
+5.5
Connecticut................... ..........
Delaware.............. ....... ..........
District of Columbia...... ........ ......
Florida.................................
Georgia.................................
31
12
21
17
19
1,108
339
1,071
698
865
-. 2
+.3
+ .6
+.9
+1.3
34,791
11,769
36,476
20,738
23,911
+.2
-1.6
+.6
+.6
-.4
Idaho___________________________________
Illinois................... .... ....... .
Indiana.................................
Iowa....................................
___ . . . . . .
Kansas___ •
25
28
11
7,927
689
362
+.5
-.3
+1.1
+.S
260,910
22,139
11,505
-.5
-1.2
+1.1
+.1
15
4
7
14
567
94
122
465
7,764
+.4
-1.1
+1.7
(10)
+(«)
18,606
3,593
3,123
12,594
280,066
-.5
-. 8
-.3
+(•)
+.4
3,426
3,301
79
2,618
131
-1.2
-1.3
(10)
+.3
+.8
106,957
92,844
1,916
69,415
3,791
-1.2
+.3
+.1
+.2
+1.3
K entucky...............................
Louisiana...............................
M a i n e ..................................
Maryl a n d.... ..........................
Massachusetts___________________________
»•48
i
782
24,888
Michigan................................
Minnesota.......................... ....
Mississippi____ ____ _____________________
Missouri......... ........ ..............
M o n t a n a ..... „........... ..... ........
93
32
7
31
15
Nebraska...............................
N e v a d a _________________________________
N e w Hampshire.................. ..... .
N e w Jersey......... ....................
N e w Mexico_____________________________
6
84
+1.2
2,987
-5.6
9
59
3
242
11,605
26
-.8
+.2
+4.0
7,522
382,121
781
+23.7
+9.7
+.9
N e w Y o r k .......................... ....
North Carolina— _______ _________________
North Dakota___________________________
Ohio....................................
O k l ahoma............ ..................
439
12
5
103
16
29,912
195
79
2,476
139
-.4
+.5
-2.5
-.9
(10)
1,085,473
4,942
2,260
81,859
4,740
+.3
-.1
-2.6
+1.6
+1.7
Oregon..................................
Pennsylvania............................
R h o d e Island............................
South Carolina__________________________
South Dakota___________________________
665
25
*1,859
29,923
+. 3
-2.2
688,888
+1.2
1,192
87
49,494
3,084
+.8
-3.3
Tennessee............... ...............
Texas...................................
U t a h ....................................
Vermont________________ ____ ___________
Virginia.................................
10
25
9
4
32
150
427
195
62
954
+1.4
+1.4
+.5
+1.6
+. 1
4,872
12,022
6,046
2,265
29,979
-4.5
+1.3
+.7
+2.1
-. 7
Washington_____ ______ _________________
W e s t Virginia...........................
Wisconsin.......................-.......
W y o m i n g _______________________________
16
20
7
569
340
102
-1.4
-.3
-1.0
18,341
12,275
2,683
-.3
+12.7
-.1
• L e ss t h a n H o o f
*• N o c h a n g e .
1p ercent*
45
6
867
(10)
<• D o e s n o t i n d u d e b ro k e ra g e .
-1.6
30
In d u s tr ia l E m p lo y m e n t an d P a y R o lls in P rin c ip a l C itie s
F
as
l u c t u a t io n s
compared
having
a
These
in e m p l o y m e n t
with
February
population
changes
are
of
and
1935
500,000
computed
pay-roll totals in M a r c h
in
or
13
cities o f t h e U n i t e d
over
from
are
reports
e s ta b l is h me n ts in e a c h of t he m o n t h s
presented
received
in
1935
States
table
from
10.
identical
considered.
I n addition to reports received f r o m establishments in the several
industrial
groups
excluding
building
regularly
covered
construction,
in
the
reports
survey
have
of
also
the
Bureau,
been
secured
f r o m o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n t h e s e c ities f o r i n c l u s i o n i n t h e s e t o t a l s .
Information concerning e m p l o y m e n t
available
for
all
c ities
at
this
i n b u i l d i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n is n o t
time
and
therefore
has
not
been
included.
T a b l e 10.— F l u c t u a t i o n s in E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s in M a r c h 1 9 3 5 a s c o m
pared with F e b r u a r y 1935
Cities
N e w Yor k City......
Chicago, 111---- ------Philadelphia, P a .......
Detroit, M i c h .........
Los Angeles, Calif......
Cleveland, Ohio.......
St. Louis, M o .........
Baltimore, M d ........
Boston, M a s s ..........
Pittsburgh, P a ........
San Francisco, Calif____
Buffalo, N. Y ..........
Milwaukee, W i s .......
A m o u n t of pay roll
Per
(1 week)
centage
change
from
Feb
March
ruary February
1935
1935
1935
N u m b e r on pay roll
N u m b e r of
establish
ments
reporting
in both
months
February
1935
13,774
3,886
2,955
1,570
2.574
1,954
1,846
1,436
3,859
1,507
1.575
1,022
820
561,605
350,658
217,105
313,538
127,638
126,013
114,283
80,425
158,089
123,386
69,307
65,109
62,260
March
1935
568,367
353,437
218, 547
317,334
128,942
129,502
117,067
81,987
159,628
123,673
69,853
66,039
63,484
14,437,397
8,502,391
5,026,245
8,738,828
3,077,366
2,988,796
2,448,443
1,696,814
3,683,167
2,733,050
1,742,463
1.528.609
1.402.610
+1.2
+.8
+.7
+1.2
+1.0
+2.8
+2.4
+1.9
+1.0
+.2
+.8
+1.4
+2.0
Per
centage
ohangA
from
Feb
ruary
1935
14,850,762
8,639,014
5,116,337
8,809,347
3,124,606
3,091,404
2,549,431
1,754,055
3,731,746
2,818,614
1,776,127
1,534,331
1,440,662
+2.9
+1.6
+1.8
+.8
+1.5
+3.4
+4.1
+3.4
+1.3
+3.1
+1.9
+•4
+2.7
Public E m p l o y m e n t
T
here wa s
relief w o r k
marked
a d e c i d e d increase in F e d e r a l e m p l o y m e n t exclusive of
in
March.
gain.
si t e o f P . W .
There
Construction
were
nearly
projects
10,000
especially
showed
additional w o r k e r s
A . construction projects a n d m o r e t h a n
a t t h e site o f c o n s t r u c t i o n p r o j e c t s f i n a n c e d b y
at
a
the
1,500 additional
direct g o v e r n m e n t a l
appropriations.
I n c r e a s e s w e r e also s h o w n in t h e n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s i n t h e e x e c u
tive, legislative, a n d j u d i c i a l s e r v i c e s o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e G o v e r n m e n t .
There
was
relief w o r k .
amounted
a
substantial
decline in
the
numb e r
of
employees
in
I n t h e case of t h e e m e r g e n c y - w o r k p r o g r a m t h e decline
to 2.4 percent.
In
to t h e fact t h a t F e b r u a r y w a s
decline w a s m u c h
sharper.
Emergency
the e n d
Conservation
of a n
Work,
due
e n r o l l m e n t period, the
31
A
s u m m a r y
of
comparing M a r c h
the
Federal
employment
and
pay-roll
statistics,
w i t h F e b r u a r y , is s h o w n i n t a b l e 1 1 .
T a b l e 11.— S u m m a r y o f F e d e r a l E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls, M a r c h 1 9 3 5
[Preliminary figures]
Employment
Class
March
Federal service:
684,918
Executive.....................
1,831
Judicial.......................
4,759
Legislative....................
Military....... ...............
258,650
Construction projects financed b y
P. W . A ........................
281,461
Construction projects financed b y
R. F. C .........................
9,586
Construction projects financed b y
regular governmental appropria
tions............................
14,659
Relief work:
Emergency work program...... 2,400,000
Emergency conservation work... 2 294,931
February
680,546
1,812
4,735
260,478
P a y roll
Per
centage
change
March
February
Per
centage
change
+0.6 $100,730,579
454,664
+1.0
+.5
1,086,807
-.7
19,977,791
$98,217,485
452,717
1,080,686
20,102,126
+2.6
+.4
+. 6
- .6
1272,273
+3.4
17,400,798
116,896,475
+3.0
10,373
-7.6
890,333
1,048,593
-15.1
13,106
+11.8
862,886
704,190
+22.5
12,458,143
3 373,847
-2.4
-21.1
64,000,000
* 14,183,295
1 63,753,000
>16,320,028
+. 4
-13.1
1 Revised.
2 33,053 employees and a pa y roll of $4,248,774 included in executive service.
3 31,976 employees and a pay roll of $3,961,944 included in executive service.
E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls in the Federal Service
E m p lo y m e n t i n c r e a s e s w e r e s h o w n i n t h e e x e c u t i v e , judicial, a n d
legislative services,
however,
a
comparing
slight d e c r e a s e
in
M a r c h
the
with
military
February.
service.
There
was,
Disbursements
f o r p a y rolls f o r t h e F e d e r a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t d u r i n g M a r c h t o t a l e d o v e r
$ 122,000,000.
I n f o r m a t i o n c o n c e r n i n g e m p l o y m e n t in the executive d e p a r t m e n t s
is c o l l e c t e d b y
t h e Civil Service C o m m i s s i o n in t h e vari o u s d e p a r t
m e n t s a n d off i c e s o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s G o v e r n m e n t .
t a b u l a t e d b y t h e B u r e a u o f L a b o r Statistics.
T h e figures a r e
D a t a f o r t h e legislative,
judicial, a n d m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e s a r e c o l l e c t e d b y
the B u r e a u
of L a b o r
Statistics.
Table
ments
the
12 s h o w s the n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s in the executive d e p a r t
of t h e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t .
District of C o l u m b i a
percent
of e m p l o y e e s
Washington.
in
are s h o w n
the
Data
for e m p l o y e e s w o r k i n g in
separately.
executive
Approximately
service w o r k
in
the
city
14
of
32
Table
12,—
E m p l o y e e s in t h e E x e c u t i v e S e r v i c e o f t h e U n i t e d States, M a r c h 1 9 3 4 ,
F e b r u a r y 1935, a n d M a r c h 1 9 3 5
Item
District of Columbia
Outside the District
Entire service
P e r m a T e m p o Total
rary
nent
Pe r m a T e m p o Total
rary 1
nent
P e r m a T e m p o Total
rary 1
nent
N u m b e r of employees:
M a r c h 1934........... 73,106
87,969
February 1935........
M a r c h 1935........... 89,231
Gain or loss:
M a r c h 1934 to M a r c h
1935................ +16,125
February 1935 to M a r c h
1935................ +1,262
Percentage change:
M a r c h 1934 to M a r c h
1935................ +22.06
February 1935 to M a r c h
1935................ +1.43
Labor turn-over, M a r c h
1935:
1,984
Additions2...........
888
Separations2.........
1.00
Turn-over rate per 100____
81,569 481,922
95,517 504,456
97,388 505,031
8,463
7,548
8,157
60,068 541,990 555,028
80,573 585,029 592,425
82,499 587,530 594,262
68,531 623,559
88,121 680,546
90,656 684,918
-306 +15,819 +23,109 +22,431 +45,540 +39,234 +22,125 +61,359
+575 +1,926 +2,501 +1,837 +2,535 +4,372
+609 +1,871
-3.62 +19.39
+8.07
+1.96
2,129
1,221
15.55
4,113
2,109
2.19
+9.84
+4.80 +37.34
+8.40
+.11
+2.39
+.43
+.31
+2.88
+.64
8,302
6,637
1.31
16,824
15,089
18.51
25,126
21,726
3.71
10,286
7,525
1.27
18,953
16,310
18.25
29,239
23,835
3.49
+7.07 +32.28
1 N o t including field employees of the Post Office Department or 19,738 employees hired under letters
of authorization b y the Department of Agriculture with a pay roll of $714,280.
* N o t including employees transferred within the Government service as such transfers should not be
regarded as labor turn-over.
T h e r e w a s a n increase of o v e r 4 ,3 0 0 in t h e n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s in
e x e c u t i v e service of t h e U n i t e d States G o v e r n m e n t c o m p a r i n g M a r c h
with the preceding m o n t h .
1 percent.
E m p l o y m e n t
This w a s
in the
a p e r c e n t a g e g a i n o f less t h a n
District of C o l u m b i a
increased
by
2 percent, w h i l e e m p l o y m e n t outside t h e District increased b u t fourtenths of 1 percent.
m o n t h
of t h e
Comparing M a r c h
previous
year,
1935 with the corresponding
there w a s
an
increase
of o v e r
60,000
o r 9.8 p e r c e n t i n t h e e x e c u t i v e service.
O v e r this p e r i o d e m p l o y m e n t
in the
19
District of C o l u m b i a
increased
percent
and
employment
outside t h e District increased 8 percent.
Table 13 s h o w s
employment
in t h e e xecutive d e p a r t m e n t s of t h e
U n i t e d States G o v e r n m e n t b y m o n t h s , f r o m J a n u a r y
1935,
1 9 3 4 to M a r c h
inclusive.
T a b l e 13.— E m p l o y m e n t in t h e E x e c u t i v e D e p a r t m e n t s o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s b y
m o n t h s , J a n u a r y 1 9 3 4 to M a r c h 1 9 3 5
Month
District Outside
of C o District of
lumbia Columbia
Total
1934
January.........
February........
M a r c h ...........
April............
M a y .............
June.............
July.............
August..........
September.......
Month
District Outside
of C o District of
lumbia Columbia
Total
1934
78,045
79,913
81,569
83,850
85,939
87,196
87,978
91,065
92,557
530,094
531,839
541,990
560,258
573,147
573,898
583,531
585,772
589,280
608,139
611,752
623,559
644,108
659,086
661,094
671,509
676.837
681.837
October..........
N o v e m b e r ..... .
D ecember........
93,322
93,827
94,050
590,183
581,615
578,223
683,505
675,442
672,273
94,389
95,517
97,388
580,608
585,029
587,530
674,997
680,546
684,918
tg
1935
January.........
February........
M a r c h ...........
33
E m p l o y m e n t
in
the
e x e c u t i v e service w a s
higher in M a r c h
1935
t h a n d u r i n g a n y m o n t h of t h e p r e v i o u s 2 years.
T a b l e 1 4 s h o w s t h e n u m b e r o f e m p l o y e e s a n d a m o u n t s o f p a y rolls
f o r all b r a n c h e s o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s G o v e r n m e n t ,
January
1 9 3 4 to M a r c h
by
months, from
1 9 3 5 , inclusive.
T a b l e 14.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s for t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s G o v e r n m e n t , b y
months, 1934 a n d 1935
Month
Judicial
service
Military service
Executive service
Num
Num
Num
of A m o u n t
ber of A m o u n t of ber of A m o u n t of ber
em
pay
employ pay roll employ pay roll ploy ofroll
ees
ees
ees
Legislative
service 1
Total i
Num
ber of A m o u n t
e m of pay
ploy
roll
ees
Em
ploy
ees
P a y roll
867,793
871,877
884,846
906,020
920,775
923,012
934.254
939,807
945,622
948,170
942,257
938,750
$97,216,636
104,341,077
104,544,319
104,998,486
109,453,032
111, 758,949
116,279,830
119,719,489
120,392,578
122,258,981
123,255,792
122,365,480
1934
January___
February._
M a r c h ....
April.....
......
June______
July... ..
August...
September.
October___
November.
December..
608,139
611,752
623,559
644,108
659,086
661,094
671,509
676.837
681.837
683,505
675,442
672,273
$77,450,498
83,524,296
84,837,493
85,090,283
89,577,479
91,540,629
95,184,175
98,518,203
98,848,540
101,632,505
100,787,487
100,736,351
253,097 $18,382,945
253,599 19,365,135
254,634 18,240,513
255,211 18,454,878
May
254,982
18,397,551
255,227 18,739,952
256,350 19,587,571
256,625 19,689,866
257,355 19,986,672
258,187 19,102,969
260,300 20,945,771
259,968 20,125,003
1,780 $417,000
1,742 430,843
1,854 443,505
1,904 432,401
1,913 442,896
1,881 439,170
1,750 434,736
1,690 439,014
1,777 486,410
1,846 453,217
1,885 451,653
1,861 446,130
4,777
4,784
4,799
4,797
4,794
4,810
4,645
4,655
4,653
4,632
4,630
4,648
$966,193
1,020,803
1,022,808
1,020,924
1,035,106
1,039,198
1,073,348
1,072,406
1,070,956
1,070,290
1,070,881
1,057,996
1935
January___ 674,997 97,614,242 261, 254 20,362,067 1.830 462.895 4,722 1,077,401 942,803 119,516,605
February.. 680,546 98,217,485 260,478 20,102,126 1,812 452,717 4,735 1,080,686 947,571 119,853,014
M a r c h .... 684,918 100,730,579 258,650 19,977,791 1.831 454,664 4,759 1,086,807 950,158 122,249,841
1 Subject to revision.
E m p l o y m e n t Created b y the Public W o r k s Administration F u n d
F or t h e first t i m e s i n c e J u l y 1 9 3 4 t h e r e is a n i n c r e a s e i n t h e n u m b e r
of w o r k e r s
a t t h e s it e o f P u b l i c W o r k s
projects, c o m p a r i n g
ing M a r c h 1
This
is a n
previous
the current m o n t h
increase
of a p p r o x i m a t e l y
10,000
as c o m p a r e d
with
the
month.
P a y rolls f o r M a r c h
$ 1 7 ,4 0 0 ,0 0 0 .
$ 2 7 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .
a m o u n t e d to
Orders were placed
15 s u m m a r i z e s b y t y p e o f p r o j e c t t h e d a t a c o n c e r n i n g e m
ployment,
struction
D u r
2 8 1 ,4 6 1 e m p l o y e e s w o r k e d a t t h e s i t e o f t h e s e p r o j e c t s .
for m a t e r i a l v a l u e d at o v e r
Table
Administration construction
with the past m o n t h .
pay
rolls, a n d
projects
man-hours
financed
by
the
worked
Public
during
W o r k s
M a r c h
on con
Administration
fund.
i Whenever the m o n t h of M a r c h is spoken of in this study, it is assumed to m e a n the mo n t h ending
M a r c h 15.
34
T a b l e 15.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Ro l l s o n C o n s t r u c t i o n P r o j e c t s F i n a n c e d f r o m
Public W o r k s Funds, M a r c h 1935
{Subject to revision]
W a g e earners
Number
of man hours
worked
Amount
Maxi
mum
n u mb e r
em
ployed 1
T y p e of project
°l$S?
Weekly
average
Average
earnings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
Federal projects
178,204 $11,385,289
All projects...................... 2187,180
Building construction............
Forestry........................
Naval vessels....................
Public Roads 3...................
Reclamation............. .......
River, harbor and flood control..
Streets and roads................
Water and sewerage..............
Miscellaneous...................
14,320
1,059
23,254
(4)
23,888
25,823
4,258
692
8,253
12,187
1,055
22,807
85,633
23,159
21,429
3,453
609
7,872
808,916
83,329
2,846,080
2,879,400
2,112,883
1,770,352
143,457
41,870
699,002
17,908,436
$0.636
$16,441,878
1,074,929
107,442
3,382,543
6,050,000
3,194,752
2,474,497
337,147
63,819
1,223,307
.753
.776
.841
.476
.661
.715
.426
.656
.571
1,395,715
42,158
2,492,509
5,400,000
3,379,005
2,712,666
178,177
45,504
796,144
Non- F ed e r a l projects
All projects......................
82,786
69,682
$5,064,661
6,684,995
$0.758
$10,198,280
Building construction............
Railroad construction............
Streets and roads................
Water and sewerage..............
Miscellaneous...................
36,492
10,367
5,065
29,153
1,709
30,327
9,800
4,143
23,991
1,421
2,294,343
947,772
245,602
1,468,330
108,614
2,593,633
1,510,065
362,426
2,072,676
146,195
.885
.628
.678
.708
.743
5,978,685
232,167
453,465
2,982,434
551,529
i M a x i m u m n u m b e r employed during any 1 week of the m o n t h b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
a Includes weekly average for public roads.
3 Estimated b y the Bureau of Public Roads.
*N o t available: average n u m b e r included in total.
Federal
construction projects are financed
entirely b y
allotments
m a d e b y the P ub l i c W o r k s Ad m i n i s t r a t i o n to the various d e p a r t m e n t s
and
agencies
either b y
of the
Federal
Government.
c o m m e r c i a l firms to w h i c h
T h e
work
is p e r f o r m e d
the contracts h a v e
b e e n let o r
b y d a y l a b o r h i r e d directly b y th e F e d e r a l agencies.
Non-Federal
projects
are
financed
by
allotments
m a d e
by
the
P u b l i c W o r k s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n t o a S t a t e o r political s u b d i v i s i o n t h e r e o f
or in s o m e
c a s e s to c o m m e r c i a l firms.
In
allotments to States a n d
t h e i r political s u b d i v i s i o n s , t h e P u b l i c W o r k s
Administration m a k e s
a direct g r a n t of n o t m o r e
t h a n 3 0 p e r c e n t of t h e total c o n s t r u c t i o n
cost.
to w h i c h
T h e
public
agency
the other 7 0 percent.
For m a n y
the
a l l o t m e n t is m a d e
o b t a i n e d as a lo a n f r o m the Public W o r k s Administration.
w ork
t h e l o a n is p r o c u r e d f r o m
finances
p r o j e c t s t h e a d d i t i o n a l f i n a n c i n g is
outside sources.
W h e r e
F o r other
the Public
W o r k s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n m a k e s a l o a n , i n t e r e s t is c h a r g e d a n d a t i m e is
s p e c i f i e d d u r i n g w h i c h t h e l o a n m u s t b e r e p a i d i n full.
N o
g r a n t s a r e m a d e t o c o m m e r c i a l firms.
mercial
allotments
financed
by
Public
have
been
W o r k s
m a d e
First, c o n s t r u c t i o n w o r k
rails a n d
ties, r e p a i r s
buildings,
such
F o r t h e m o s t part, c o m
railroads.
Administration
headings:
to
to
loans
Kailroad
falls
under
work
three
a s electrification, l a y i n g o f
etc.; s e c o n d ,
the
building
and
35
repairing of l o c o m o t i v e s
and
passenger
and
freight cars in railroad
s h o p s ; third, t h e b u i l d i n g of l o c o m o t i v e s a n d
passenger a n d
freight
cars in c o m m e r c i a l shops.
Data
shown
c o n c e r n i n g e m p l o y m e n t created b y railroad construction are
i n t a b l e 15, p a g e 34.
E m p l o y m e n t
in r a i l w a y c ar a n d
loco
m o t i v e s h o p s is s h o w n i n a s e p a r a t e t a b l e ( s e e t a b l e 1 7 , p . 3 6 ) .
Increases in e m p l o y m e n t
following
types
of
over the past m o n t h
Federal
projects:
Foresty
r e c l a mation, a n d p u b l i c - r o a d building.
tering increases w e r e
were shown
work,
Non-Federal
building construction a n d
naval
in the
vessels,
p r o j e c t s regis
miscellaneous work.
H o u r l y earnings o n Federal w o r k w e r e s o m e w h a t lower t h a n o n non Federal
work.
Workers
on
naval
vessels
drew
the
highest
hourly
p a y o n F e d e r a l projects, a n d street a n d r o a d w o r k e r s t h e lowest.
O n
n o n - F e d e r a l projects the highest h o u r l y earnings o c c u r r e d in building
construction a n d t h e l o w e s t in railroad construction.
Comparison b y Geographic Divisions
T
and
able
16
shows
man-hours
by
worked
geographic
during
divisions e m p l o y m e n t ,
M a r c h
1935
on
pay
rolls,
and
non-
Federal
F e d e r a l construction projects financed f r o m public w o r k s funds.
T a b l e 16.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R o ll s o n C o n s t r u c t i o n P r o j e c t s F i n a n c e d f r o m
Public W o r k s Funds, M a r c h 1935
[Subject to revisionl
W a g e earners
Geographic division
Maxi
mum
number
em
ployed 1
Weekly
average
u m b e r of Average Value of m a
A m o u n t of Nman-hours
earnings terial orders
payrolls
worked
per hour
placed
Federal projects
All divisions3..................
187,180
N e w England..................
Middle Atlantic................
East North Central.............
West North Central.............
South Atlantic.................
East South Central.............
West South Central.............
Mountain......................
Pacific.........................
Outside continental United States.
7,834
14,312
12,663
29,033
36,902
25,075
25,283
15,971
13,302
6,541
178,204 $11,385,289
7,644
13,735
11,906
26,672
35,360
24,297
24,695
15,451
12,616
5,564
790,178
1,232,052
686,406
996,349
2,551,099
1,236,885
904,019
1,374,601
1,289,933
299,021
A-ll divisions....................
82,786
69,682
$5,064,661
N e w England..................
Middle Atlantic................
East North Central.............
W e s t North Central.............
South Atlantic.................
East South Central.............
W e s t South Central.............
Mountain......................
Pacific..... .... ...............
Outside continental United States.
6,767
15,920
11,838
8,197
19,170
4,687
7,515
1,338
6,766
588
5,540
13,555
10,018
6,656
16,935
3,770
6,006
1,092
5,628
482
395,960
1,174,024
745,735
420,836
1,292,627
186,510
307,922
73,730
444,636
22,681
17,908,436
$0,636
3 $16,441,878
980,240
1,621,413
994,807
1,854,165
3,873,951
2,255,522
2,074,686
2,054,895
1,552,435
607,041
.806
.760
.690
.537
.659
.548
.436
.669
.831
.493
591,797
1,275,500
1,290,327
619,694
1,912,826
940,145
305,500
2,289,876
1,412,575
400,768
6,684,995
$0.758
$10,198,280
482,559
1,322,297
824,733
550,227
2,050,783
316,481
484,966
89,200
523,001
40,748
.821
.888
.904
.765
.630
.589
.635
.827
.850
.557
745,341
2,740,200
1,214,030
1,598,151
1,300,196
436,628
1,001,722
347,042
787,736
27,234
Non-Federal projects
iM a x i m u m n u m b e r employed during any 1 week of the m o n t h b y each contractor and Government
agencydoing force-account work. Includes weekly average for public-road projects.
* Includes data for 264 wage earners which cannot be charged to a n y specific geographic division.
* Includes $5,400,000 estimated value of material orders placed for public-road projects which cannot be
charged to any specific geographic division.
36
O f t h e total o f 2 8 2 , 0 0 0 w o r k e r s , m o r e t h a n 5 5 , 0 0 0 w e r e e m p l o y e d in
t h e S o u t h A t l a n t i c States.
North
Central
States.
N e a r l y 40,000 w e r e w o r k i n g in the W e s t
T h e W e st
South Central
States s h o w e d the
l o w e s t a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s p e r h o u r o n F e d e r a l projects, w h i l e t h e E a s t
South
Central s h o w e d
projects.
T h e
the lowest earnings per h o u r o n
non-Federal
highest h o u r l y earnings o n F e d e r a l projects o c c u r r e d
in t h e Pacific States, o n n o n - F e d e r a l in t h e E a s t N o r t h C e n t r a l States.
Table
17 shows,
by
g e o g r a p h i c divisions, e m p l o y m e n t ,
pay
rolls,
a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d in car a n d l o c o m o t i v e s h o p s o n w o r k financed
f r o m the Public W o r k s Administration f u n d during M a r c h
1935.
T a b l e 17*— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Ro l l s in R a i l w a y C a r a n d L o c o m o t i v e S h o p s
o n W o r k F i n a n c e d f r o m Public W o r k s F u n d s , M a r c h 1935
[Subject to revision]
W a g e (earners
Geographic division
Total, railroad and commercial
shops.........................
u m b e r of Average
Maxi
A m o u n t of Nman-hours
earnings
mum
Semi
pay rolls
worked
per hour
monthly
num
ber e m average
ployed 1
11,495
(*)
$950,848
1,414,632
Value of
material
orders
placed
$0,672
$636,408
Railroad shops
AlTdivisions.....................
4,716
4,393
$259,667
363,338
$0,715
$636,408
N e w England------------------Middle Atlantic----...__________
East North Central______________
West North Central-------------South Atlantic___________________
Mountain_______________________
Pacific..........................
483
2,225
459
922
115
190
322
483
2,069
386
896
115
150
294
51,421
99,741
23,006
52,325
9,973
6,660
16,541
74,554
129,114
34,228
74,937
16,072
10,221
24,212
.690
.773
.672
.698
.621
.652
.683
17,543
133,052
60,422
172,299
177,577
31,747
43,768
C o m m e r c i a l s hops
All divisions.....................
6,779
N e w England...................
Middle Atlantic.................
East North Central..............
We s t North Central______________
284
5,406
395
694
<’
)
$691,181
1,051,294
$0,657
(>)
38,975
1,830,701
59,178
122,440
.611
.678
.728
.499
(8)
1
(’
)
23,826
563,114
43,105
61,136
ii
i M a x i m u m n u m b e r employed during either semimonthly period b y each shop.
* Dat a not available.
As compared with the previous month, there was a slight increase
in the number of workers engaged in railroad shop work financed
from the Public Works Administration fund. The increase was
caused by the awarding of a few additional contracts.
37
Mon th ly Trend
T a b l e 1 8 s h o w s e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls, a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d b y
employees
since
1 9 3 3 to M a r c h
the inception
of t h e
public w o r k
program
in J u l y
1 9 3 5 , inclusive.
T a b l e 18.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls, J u l y 1 9 3 3 t o M a r c h 1 9 3 5 , Inclusive, o n
Projects F i n a n c e d f r o m Public W o r k s F u n d s
[Revised; subject to further revision]
M o n t h and year
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of
wage
pay rolls
earners
N u m b e r of
man-hours
worked
$387,530,070
655,011,477
July 1933 to M a r c h 1935, inclusive.....
Value of
material
orders
placed
Average
earnings
per hour
$0,592 $769,268,678
1933
July................................
August..............................
September...........................
October.............................
N o v e m b e r ...........................
D e c ember...........................
267
4,719
39,535
146,747
255,512
300,758
26,433
131,937
1,784,996
6,353,835
11,552,547
13,091,587
35,217
206,990
3,296,162
12,029,751
21,759,245
24,391,546
.751
.637
.542
.528
.531
.537
1934
January.. ..........................
February............................
M a r c h ..............................
April................................
M a y ................................
June................................
July................................
August..............................
September...........................
October.............................
N o v e m b e r ...........................
Dec e m b e r ...........................
298,069
311,381
307,274
382,220
506,056
610,752
644,729
602,360
549,624
507,886
470,467
382,594
12,646,241
14,348,094
14,113,247
18,785,405
25,942,387
33,808,429
34,845,461
35,126,409
31,688,655
29,289,216
28,791,297
22,443,944
23,409,998
26,544,346
25,501,446
32,937,649
46,052,698
59,873,309
60,736,768
59,911,341
51,652,890
46,632,214
46,454,108
34,955,156
.540
24,206,352
.541
25,269,537
.553 *69,766,559
.570 2 68,526,223
.563 >50,468,427
.565
60,797,939
.574 2 53,377,997
.586 2 53,282,956
.613 2 50,685,634
.628 2 50,234,495
.620
54,228,457
.642 2 45,683,081
1935
January. ............................
February............................
M a r c h . .............................
304,723
272,273
281,461
18,462,677
16,896,475
17,400,798
27,478,022
25,144,558
26,008,063
.672
.672
.669
202,100
1,628,537
123,351,150
24,568,577
25,702,750
2 30,746,857
29,264,484
27,276,566
i Includes orders placed for material for naval vessels prior to October 1933.
* Includes orders placed b y railroads for n e w equipment.
Since
the
beginning
Administration
000,000.
During
Their
the
of the
construction
earnings
period
program
employees
projects h a v e
have
practically
averaged
been
nearly
$770,000,000
has
on
Public
paid
60
nearly
cents
been
per
W o r k s
$390,hour.
expended
for
placed f r o m
the
materials.
Value of Material Orders Placed
V
alue
beginning
of m a t erials for w h i c h
of
the
public
works
orders h a v e
program
t y p e o f m a t e r i a l , is s h o w n i n t a b l e 1 9 .
in
been
July
1933
to
date,
by
38
T a b l e 19.— V a l u e o f M a t e r i a l O r d e r s P l a c e d for P u b l i c W o r k s P rojects, b y T y p e
of M ater i a l
[Subject to revision]
Value of material orders
placed—
T y p e of material
F r o m begin
ning of
program to
Feb. 15,
19351
During
month
ending
Mar. 15,
1935
All materials.................. ...... ..............................
$741,992,112
$27,276,566
Aircraft (new).....................................................
Airplane parts.....................................................
A l u m i n u m manufactures...........................................
A m m u n i t i o n and related products...................................
Asbestos products, not elsewhere classified...........................
Awnings, tents, canvas, etc.........................................
Belting, miscellaneous.. ............................................
Boats, steel and wood e n (small)................... ..................
Bolts, nuts, washers, etc.— --------------- ----------------- -------Brick, hollow tile, and other clay products...........................
Carpets and rugs...................................................
Carriages and wagons..............................................
Cast-iron pipe and fittings..........................................
C e m e n t ...........................................................
Chemicals.........................................................
Coal...................... -.......................................
Compressed and liquefied gases......................................
Concrete products..... ............................................
Copper products-------- ----------.................................
Cordage and twine................ -................................
Cork products, not elsewhere classified...............................
Cotton goods......................................................
Creosote...........................................................
Crushed stone.....................................................
Doors, shutters, and w i n d o w sash and frames, molding and trim (metal)
Electric wiring and fixtures.............. -..........................
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies........................
Elevators and parts................................................
Engines, turbines, tractors, and waterwheels.........................
Explosives... .....................................................
Felt goods.........................................................
Firearms..........................................................
Forgings, iron and steel.............................................
Foundry and machine shop products, not elsewhere classified..........
Furniture, including store and office fixtures-------------------------Glass................................. — ..........................
Hardware, miscellaneous............................................
Heating and ventilating equipment..................................
Instruments, professional and scientific— ......— -....................
Jute goods.................-.......................................
Lead products.....................................................
L i m e ..............................................................
Linoleum..........................................................
Locomotives, other than steam......................................
Locomotives, steam....... .........................................
L u m b e r and timber products, not elsewhere classified.................
Machine tools......................................................
Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products......................
Mattresses and bed springs.........................................
Meters (gas, water, etc.), and gas generators..........................
Minerals and earths, ground or otherwise treated.....................
Models and patterns...............................................
Motorcycles and parts..............................................
Motor vehicles, passenger...........................................
Motor vehicles, trucks..............................................
Nails and spikes...................................................
Nonferrous-metal alloys and products, not elsewhere classified.........
Paints and varnishes..... ..........................................
Paper products....................................................
Paving materials, and mixtures, not elsewhere classified...............
Petroleum products................................................
Photographic apparatus and materials...............................
Planing-mill products..............................................
Plumbing supplies, not elsewhere classified...........................
P u m p s and p um p i n g equipment....................................
Badio apparatus and supplies... ...................................
Rail fastenings, excluding spikes.....-...............................
5,747,233
4,562,086
191,902
765.600
59,857
175,718
28,639
1,281,098
2,293,666
9,036,384
44,018
28,893
13,592,148
99,430,012
232,488
1,199,299
230,351
13,947,724
498,975
219,120
76,057
79,645
508,487
27,200,028
3,294,967
3,487,113
37,012,733
415,444
7,508,182
3,019,296
168,326
772,738
3,637,315
78,052,009
1,628,531
607,640
3,557,259
6,186,124
1,511,466
53,673
146,399
167,464
45,653
11,813,333
6,837,064
35,435,236
4,609,354
12,008,778
15,805
266,090
102.601
12,049
274,395
477,867
8,473,214
721,099
1,083,267
1,632,697
43,733
11,659,187
21,835,017
158,107
4,143,995
7,054,342
8,388,301
658,611
5,197,432
8,535
518,485
40,488
6,670
5,710
8,068
343
875
89,693
607,751
768
» Revised.
922,404
2,454,293
3,744
49,037
6,166
695,601
18,680
6,248
926
16
2,728
837,655
333,205
474,289
1,613,566
91,356
911,621
118,452
187,610
2,555,176
96,866
55,428
193,157
702,031
145,522
667
23,324
2,440
10,461
1,149,683
180,215
511,417
32,194
222
2,045
"'5,"72i
99,986
30,149
55,789
88,012
2,170
310,260
858,442
539
242,382
418,274
297,880
267
5,069
39
T a b l e 19.— V a l u e o f M a t e r i a l O r d e r s P l a c e d for P u b l i c W o r k s Projects, b y T y p e
of M a t e r i a l — C o n t i n u e d
Value of material orders
placed—
T y p e of material
F r o m begin
ning of
program to
Feb. 15,
1935 1
During
month
ending
Mar. 15,
1935
Bails, steel........ ...................................................
Railway cars, freight..................................................
Railway cars, mail and express.........................................
Railway cars, passenger...............................................
Refrigerators, and refrigerating and ice-making machinery... ............
Roofing materials, not elsewhere classified...............................
R u b b e r goods... .....................................................
Sacks and bags.......................................................
San d a n d gravel.... ..................................................
Sheet-metal wor k ................................. ....................
Springs, steel.........................................................
Steam and other packing, pipe and boiler covering, and gaskets...........
Steel-works and rolling-mill products, other than steel rails, including struc
tural and ornamental metal w o r k .....................................
Stoves and ranges, other than electric...................................
Switches, railway.....................................................
Theatrical scenery and stage equipment................................
Tiling, floor and wall, and terrazzo.....................................
Tools, other than machine tools........................................
Upholstering materials, not elsewhere classified..........................
Wall plaster, wall board, insulating board, and floor composition---------W a s t e ................................................................
W i n d o w and door screens and weatherstrip____ ____ _____ -..............
W i n d o w shades and fixtures........................ — ................
Wire products, not elsewhere classified..................................
W r o u g h t pipe.........................................................
Zinc products.........................................................
Other materials............ .................... ... ............ ......
$17,995,602
35,392,551
429,443
7,527,435
589,435
2,170,231
333,321
20,486
46,715,009
2,171,366
579,155
616,099
14,301
116,145
23,110
107
1,418,877
65,697
8,762
53,217
105,609,794
198,855
549,714
36,319
1,497,503
3,836,738
105,334
1,789,837
24,306
77,054
73,543
4,127,466
678,140
26,150
33,217,892
5,666,789
5,650
196
578
109,215
157,000
11,376
156,906
304
5,170
4,440
205,583
16,109
953
1,127,330
$17,409
i Revised.
Orders have
been
placed
since t h e ince p t i o n of t h e public w o r k s
p r o g r a m for m a t e r i a l v a l u e d at n e a r l y $ 7 7 0 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 .
that
in
fabricating
this
material
approximately
I t is e s t i m a t e d
2,520,000
man-
m o n t h s o f l a b o r h a s b e e n o r will b e c r e a t e d .
Approximately 90,000 m a n - m o n t h s
o f l a b o r will b e c r e a t e d i n t h e
m a n u f a c t u r e of m a t e r i a l for w h i c h p u r c h a s e o r d e r s w e r e p l a c e d d u r i n g
M a r c h
1935.
This
accounts
o n l y for l a b o r r e q u i r e d in t h e fabrica
t i o n o f m a t e r i a l i n t h e f o r m i n w h i c h it is t o b e u s e d .
I n the m a n u
f a c t u r e of brick, for e x a m p l e , o n l y t h e l a b o r e m p l o y e d in t h e m a n u
facturing
process
is i n c l u d e d .
N o
estimate
is m a d e
of
the
labor
r e q u i r e d in t a k i n g t h e c l a y f r o m t h e pits o r i n t r a n s p o r t i n g t h e c l a y
and
other
materials
used
in
the
brick
plant.
ra i l s o n l y l a b o r i n t h e r o l l i n g m i l l s is c o u n t e d —
mining,
smelting,
and
transporting
the
In
fabricating
steel
n o t lab o r c r e a t e d in
ore, n o r
labor in
the
blast
f u r n a c e s , t h e o p e n - h e a r t h f u r n a c e s , n o r t h e b l o o m i n g mills.
In
obtaining data concerning the m a n - m o n t h s
of l a b o r c r e a t e d in
fabricating material, b l a n k s are sent to e a c h firm receiving a material
order f r o m the U n i t e d States G o v e r n m e n t or f r o m State g o v e r n m e n t s
o r political s u b d i v i s i o n s t h e r e o f , t o b e f i n a n c e d f r o m t h e p u b l i c w o r k s
fund,
asking
them
to
estimate
the
numb e r
of
man-hours
of l abor
c r e a t e d in their p l a n t in m a n u f a c t u r i n g t h e m a t e r i a l specified in t h e
40
contract.
job,
For
materials
the B u r e a u
purchased
estimates
directly
the m a n - m o n t h s
by
contractors
on
of lab o r created.
the
This
e s t i m a t e is m a d e b y u s i n g t h e e x p e r i e n c e o f t h e m a n u f a c t u r i n g p l a n t s
as s h o w n b y t h e C e n s u s of M a n u f a c t u r e s ,
1933.
Emergency-Work Program
D u r i n g
the w e e k
ending M a r c h
28
there w e r e
1,732,000 w o r k e r s
e m p l o y e d b y the e m e r g e n c y - w o r k p r o g r a m of the F e d e r a l E m e r g e n c y
Relief Administration.
T h i s is a d e c r e a s e o f 1 . 2 p e r c e n t a s c o m p a r e d
w i t h t h e last w e e k in F e b r u a r y .
P a y rolls, o n t h e c o n t r a r y , i n c r e a s e d
1.7 p e r c e n t d u r i n g t h e s a m e p e r iod.
T a b l e 2 0 s h o w s t h e n u m b e r o f e m p l o y e e s a n d a m o u n t s o f p a y ro l l s
for w o r k e r s
on
the
emergency-work
program
for t h e
weeks
ending
F e b r u a r y 2 8 a n d M a r c h 28, 1935.
T a b l e 20.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s for W o r k e r s o n E m e r g e n c y - W o r k P r o
g r a m , W e e k s E n d i n g F e b r u a r y 2 8 a n d M a r c h 28, 1 9 3 5
[Subject to revision]
N u m b e r of employees week
ending—
Geographic division
Mar. 28
A m o u n t of pay roll week
ending—
Feb. 28
Mar. 28
Feb. 28
All divisions...............................
Percentage change__________________________
1,732,386
-1.15
1,752,573
$15,691,155
+1.67
$15,433,479
N e w England.... -..................... ...
Middle Atlantic................ .. .........
East North Central.... ....................
West North Central........................
South Atlantic.... ........................
East South Central.........................
W est South Central........................
Mountain_________________________________
Pacific_____________________________________
157,494
221,996
258,603
302,809
230,855
145,904
191,989
66,425
156,311
148,598
252,852
238,761
312,176
221,227
122, 528
219,576
65,080
171,775
1,892,778
3,473,086
2,573,128
2,232,396
1,249,868
703,987
1,073,011
677,834
1,815,067
1,736,941
3,730,885
2,319,656
2,230,712
1,069,351
570,564
1,141,759
628,729
2,004,882
I n c r e a s e s i n t h e n u m b e r o f e m p l o y e e s o n this p r o g r a m o c c u r r e d i n
the N e w
England
A t l a n t i c States,
States, t h e E a s t N o r t h
the
East
South
Central
C e n t r a l States, t h e S o u t h
States,
and
the
Mountain
States.
T a b l e 2 1 s h o w s t h e n u m b e r o f e m p l o y e e s a n d a m o u n t s o f p a y rolls
on
the e m e r g e n c y - w o r k program,
the w o r k in M a r c h
Table
21.—
1 9 3 4 to M a r c h
by
months,
from
t he inception of
1 9 3 5 , inclusive.
E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s for W o r k e r s o n E m e r g e n c y - W o r k P r o
g r a m , M a r c h 1 9 3 4 to M a r c h 1 9 3 5
Month
1934
M a r c h .................
April..................
M a y _-________________
June...................
July...................
August________________
September... ..........
October................
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of
employees1 pay roll1
22,934
1,176,818
1,362,750
1,504,861
1,723,354
1,924,156
1,950,227
1,996,639
* Revised.
$842,000
38,970,679
42,750,569
42,386,551
47,281,292
54,920,851
50,290,049
53,901,989
Month
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of
employees1 pay roll1
1934— Continued
N o v e m b e r .............
D e c e m b er -
2,159,063
2,324,898
$62,847,485
62,332,531
1935
J a n u a r y__
2,472,352
February..... ......... 2,458,143
M a r c h _______ ____ _____ 2 2,400,000
71, 687, 596
63,753,000
2 64,000,000
* Preliminary.
41
T h e r e w e r e f e w e r p e o p l e o n t h e r olls o f t h e e m e r g e n c y - w o r k p r o g r a m
in M a r c h
1 9 3 5 t h a n for a n y m o n t h of t h e c u r r e n t c a l e n d a r year.
Because
of the
longer
month,
pay
ro l l s f o r M a r c h
w e r e slightly
higher than during February.
E m e r g e n c y Conservation W o r k
B
ecause M a r c h
marked
camps
was
t h e e n d of a n e n r o l l m e n t period, there w a s
decrease in t h e n u m b e r
as
compared
with
a
of w o r k e r s i n civilian c o n s e r v a t i o n
February.
entirely to t h e enrolled personnel.
T h e
decrease
E m p l o y m e n t
was
for M a r c h
n e a r l y 2 9 5 , 0 0 0 a n d p a y r olls a g g r e g a t e d o v e r $ 1 4 , 1 8 3 , 0 0 0 .
confined
totaled
In addi
t ion to their p a y , t h e e n r o l l e d p e r s o n n e l r e c e i v e d free b o a r d , clothing,
a n d m e d i c a l attention.
Table 22 shows e m p l o y m e n t
a n d p a y rolls f o r all t y p e s o f w o r k e r s
e n g a g e d in e m e r g e n c y c o n s e r v a t i o n w o r k for t h e m o n t h s of F e b r u a r y
and M a r c h
Table
1935.
— Employment
a n d P a y R o l l s in E m e r g e n c y
February a n d M a r c h 1935
Conservation
Work,
N u m b e r of employees
A m o u n t of pay rolls
March
March
Group
February
February
All groups.________________________________
294,931
i 373,847
$14,183,295
i $16,320,028
Enrolled personnel.................. -......
Reserve officers.............................
Educational advisers.......................
Supervisory and technical2.................
251,707
6,660
1,483
*35,081
332,710
6,618
1,287
1 * 33,232
7,860,807
1,660,386
236,486
8 4,425,616
10,390,572
1,650,359
205,765
1 4 4,073,332
i Revised.
3 Includes carpenters, electricians, and laborers.
* 33,053 employees and pay roll of $4,248,774 included in executive service table.
*31,976 employees and pay roll of $3,961,944 included in executive service table.
I n s p i t e o f t h e f a l l i n g off i n t h e n u m b e r o f e n r o l l e d m e n
Conservation
Camps,
there w a s
a
gain
in
the
n u mb e r
in Civilian
of R e s e r v e
officers, e d u c a t i o n a l a d v i s e r s , a n d s u p e r v i s o r y a n d t e c h n i c a l w o r k e r s .
T h e s e additional w o r k e r s w e r e h i r e d to m a k e p r e p a r a t i o n s for a f u t u r e
increased n u m b e r
of enrolled w o r ke r s,
a s it is e x p e c t e d
within
the
n e x t 3 m o n t h s t h e n u m b e r o f e n r o l l e d p e r s o n n e l will r e a c h a n e w h i g h .
Information
concerning e m p l o y m e n t
and
pay
r olls f o r e m e r g e n c y
c o n s e r v a t i o n w o r k is c o l l e c t e d b y t h e B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s f r o m
the W a r
Department,
D e p a r t m e n t of Agriculture, T r e a s u r y D e p a r t
m e n t , a n d t h e D e p a r t m e n t of t h e Interior.
p e r s o n n e l is f i g u r e d
8
percent,
$36
per
a s follows:
month;
and
5
percent
the
T h e p a y of t h e enrolled
are p a i d
remaining
87
$45
per m o n t h ;
percent,
$30
per
month.
Table
23
shows
employment
and
pay
r o lls f o r e m e r g e n c y
vat i o n w o r k b y m o n t h s , J a n u a r y 1 9 3 4 to M a r c h
conser
1 9 3 5 , inclusive.
42
T a b l e 23.— M o n t h l y T o t a l s o f E m p l o y e e s a n d P a y Rol l s in E m e r g e n c y C o n s e r
vation W o r k , J a n u a r y 1 9 3 4 to M a r c h 1 9 3 5
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of
employees
pay roll
Month
1934
January..... .
February.... .
M a r c h ........
April........ .
M a y ........ .
June........ .
July......... .
August.......
September____
331,594
321,829
247,591
314,664
335,871
280, 271
389,104
385,340
335, 785
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of
employees
pay roll
Month
1934— Continued
$13,581,
13,081,
10,792,
13,214,
14,047,
12,641,
16,032,
16,363,
15,022,
October............
N o v e m b e r ..........
December..........
391,894
387,329
350,028
$16,939,595
16,622,110
15,414,634
1935
January............
February...........
M a r c h .............
398,717
>373,847
294,931
16,761,696
i 16,320,028
14,183,295
i Revised.
State^Road Projects
M
ore
than
125,000 people w e r e
employed
taining State r o a d s d u r i n g the m o n t h
of
14,000
workers
as
compared
employed
with
during
tli3
previous
M a r c h
totaled
increase of $ 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 as c o m p a r e d
Th e
State
numb er
roads
of
employees
in F e b r u a r y
This
month.
P a y
nearly
m a i n
is a d e c r e a s e
ro l ls
for
$4,900,000,
an
with February.
engaged
and
in b u i l d i n g a n d
of M a r c h .
M a r c h
in
1935
building
and
is s h o w n ,
maintaining
by
geographic
divisions, in table 24.
T a b l e 24.— E m p l o y m e n t o n C o n s t r u c t i o n a n d M a i n t e n a n c e o f S t a t e R o a d s , b y
G e o g r a p h i c Divisions, F e b r u a r y a n d M a r c h 1 9 3 5 1
New
N u m b e r of
employees
Geographic division
A m o u n t of pay roll
Febru
ary
March
All divisions.......... 18,391
Percentage change - - - +2.5
17,940
$643,618
+15.0
542
750
1,772
1,622
6,424
1,367
1,722
1,350
2,842
911
795
1,520
1,452
6,122
1.385
1,768
1.386
2,601
28,258
47,189
87,236
52,398
93,173
36,244
65,177
85,631
148,312
March
N e w England.........
Middle Atlantic.......
East North Central....
West North Central___
South Atlantic........
East South Central--West South Central___
Mou n t ai n............
Pacific................
O u t s i d e continental
United States _______
Maintenance
February
N u m b e r of
employees
March
$559,581 108,149
-11.5
40,100
55,522
66,114
40,412
77,719
29,686
60,256
73,491
116,281
Febru
ary
A m o u n t of pay roll
March
February
122,209 $4,252,707 $4,015,590
+5.9
5,693
22,645
18,872
11,385
21,820
7,692
9,192
4,315
6,416
8,086
25,910
18,004
12,660
24,887
11,428
9,161
4,618
7,366
317,645
728,676
743,390
426,837
669,348
215,584
429,183
286,724
429,013
337,694
710,100
670,259
496,568
574,236
196,211
374,465
265,047
385,317
119
89
6,307
5,69$
i Excluding employment furnished b y projects financed from public works fund.
Employees working on n e w
p e r c e n t o f t h e tot a l .
provided w o r k
T h e
for 85.5
S t a t e - r o a d projects a c c o u n t e d for 14.5
repair a n d
maintenance
of existing r o a d s
percent.
T a b l e 2 5 s h o w s t h e n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s e n g a g e d in t h e c o n s t r u c
tion a n d m a i n t e n a n c e of S t a t e r o a d s d u r i n g t h e m o n t h s , J a n u a r y 1934s
t o M a r c h 19 3 5 , inclusive.
43
Table
25 . — E m p l o y m e n t
o n Construction a n d M a i n t e n a n c e
J a n u a r y 1 9 3 4 to M a r c h 1 9 3 5 1
of State R o a d s ,
N u m b e r of employees working on—
Total^ay
Month
N e w roads
1934
January...................................
February..................................
M a r c h ....................................
April......................................
Total
Maintenance
June......................................
July.......................................
August....................................
September.................................
October...................................
N o v e m b e r .................................
D e c e m b e r.................................
25,345
22,311
19,985
21,510
27,161
37,642
45,478
53,540
61,865
71,008
66, i06
41,919
136,440
126,904
132, 111
136,038
167,274
170,879
168,428
180,270
188,323
169,235
159,451
134,680
161,785
149,215
152,129
157,548
194,435
208,521
213,906
233,810
250,188
240,243
225,557
176,599
$8,684,109
7,131,604
7,989,765
8,407,644
10,275,139
11,221,299
11,255,685
12,435,163
13,012,305
12,439,738
11,919,683
6,756,087
1935
January...................................
February..................................
M a r c h ....................................
23,537
17,940
18,391
120,283
122,209
108,149
143,820
140,149
126,540
4,864,899
4,575,171
4,896,325
i Excluding employment furnished b y projects financed from public works fund.
C on st ruction Projects F in a nc ed b y the Reconstru ct i on Finance
C or poration
T
here was
a de c r e a s e of a p p r o x i m a t e l y 8 0 0 in t h e n u m b e r of e m
p l o y e e s w o r k i n g a t t h e site o f c o n s t r u c t i o n p r o j e c t s f i n a n c e d b y
construction
February.
Finance
D u e
Corporation
funds,
to t h e fact t h a t n o
n e w
b e i n g a w a r d e d f r o m t h i s f u n d , it m a y
a
gradual
months.
decrease in
the
n umber
P a y r o lls f o r M a r c h
comparing
M a r c h
R e
with
construction contracts are
b e e x p e c t e d t h a t t h e r e will b e
of e m p l o y e e s
during
the
coming
w e r e $ 1 5 8 , 0 0 0 less t h a n d u r i n g F e b r u
ary.
Table 26 shows employment,
construction
projects
poration during M a r c h
financed
p a y rolls, a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d o n
by
the
Reconstruction
Finance
Cor
1935, b y t y p e of project.
T a b l e £6 .— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s o n P r o j e c t s F i n a n c e d b y t h e R e c o n s t r u c
t i on F i n a n c e C o r p o r a t i o n , b y T y p e o f Project, M a r c h 1 9 3 5
[Subject to revision]
T y p e of project
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of N u m b e r of
wage
pay rolls man-hours
earners
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
All projects_____ .______________________
9,586
$890,333
1,253,493
$0.710
$1,072,886
Bridges................... ...........
Building construction__________________
Railroad construction....... ...........
Reclamation............... ............
Water and sewerage. _.... ..... ........
Miscellaneous.........................
2,907
153
99
1,534
4,043
850
278,301
12,022
3,304
47,218
462,368
87,120
308,568
13,884
5,056
161,176
634,790
130,019
.902
.866
.653
.293
.728
.670
203,544
10,694
619
38,683
579,130
240,216
44
Earnings per hour during M a r c h
averaged 71
cents.
Workers
on
r e c l a m a t i o n p r o j e c t s d r e w less t h a n 3 0 c e n t s , w h i l e t h o s e w o r k i n g o n
bridge construction d r e w m o r e t h a n 90 cents per hour.
T a b l e 2 7 s h o w s e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls, a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d o n
construction projects financed b y the R e c o n s t r u c t i o n F i n a n c e C o r p o
r a t i o n d u r i n g M a r c h , b y g e o g r a p h i c divisions.
T a b l e 27.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s o n P r o j e c t s F i n a n c e d b y t h e R e c o n s t r u c
t i o n F i n a n c e C o r p o r a t i o n , b y G e o g r a p h i c Divisions, M a r c h 1 9 3 5
[Subject to revision]
u m b e r of
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of Nman-hours
employees
pay rolls
worked
Geographic division
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
All divisions...........................
9,586
$890,333
1,253,493
$0.710
$1,072,886
Middle Atlantic.......................
East North Central....................
East South Central....................
Wes t South Central....................
Mountain. ............................
Pacific_____________________ ____ ______
262
329
101
138
1,534
7,222
20,981
40,917
3,344
16,954
47,218
760,919
22,464
34,497
5,166
17,483
161,176
1,012,707
.934
1.186
.647
.970
.293
.751
11,735
12,327
619
Decreases
East
North
occurred
Central
in
and
all o f t h e
geographic
the M o u n t a i n
States.
divisions
T h e
38,683
1,009,522
except
the
small increase
in t h e E a s t N o r t h C e n t r a l States w a s c a u s e d b y a s e a sonal p i c k - u p in
construction
activity.
In
recl a m a t i o n projects w e r e
the
Mountain
under
way,
States
a
n u m b er
causing a pick-up
of l arge
of o v e r
60
p e r c e n t i n t h e n u m b e r o f e m p l o y e e s i n t h a t dist r i c t .
T a b l e 2 8 s h o w s d a t a c o n c e r n i n g e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls, a n d m a n h o u r s w o r k e d d u r i n g t h e m o n t h s , A p r i l 1 9 3 4 to M a r c h 1935, inclusive,
on
construction
projects
financed
by
the
Reconstruction
Finance
Corporation.
T a b l e 28.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s o n P r o j e c t s F i n a n c e d b y t h e R e c o n s t r u c
tio n F i n a n c e C o r p o r a t i o n , A p r i l 1 9 3 4 t o M a r c h 1 9 3 5
[Subject to revision]
Month
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of N u m b e r of
wage
p ay rolls man-hours
earners
worked
1934
April................
M a y . ................
June.................
July.................
August.............. .
September........... .
October..............
N o v e m b e r ...........
D e c ember.............
18,731
19,429
19,022
17,475
17,221
16,809
17,482
16,502
14,321
$1,516,915
1,649,920
1,676,075
1,612,848
1,697,161
1,637,047
1,596,996
1,621,468
1,337,719
1935
January.............
February............
M a r c h ...............
11,180
10,373
9,586
1,054,708
1,048,593
2,308,580
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
2,314,136
2,141,945
2,282,181
2,203,881
2,181,846
2,233,928
1,859,226
$0,657
.699
.724
.753
.744
.743
.732
.726
.720
$2,357,408
2,143,864
2,230,065
2.402.174
2,384,887
2,579,969
2.274.174
2,856,371
2,440,620
1,484,190
1,457,662
1,253,493
.711
.719
.710
3,966,718
5,028,547
1,072,886
45
on
these
projects d u r i n g M a r c h 1 9 3 5 t h a n d u r i n g t h e p e a k m o n t h of M a y
Less
than
50
percent
as m a n y
employees
were
working
1934.
T h e a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r M a r c h w e r e less t h a n f o r a n y m o n t h
since M a y
1934.
T a b l e 2 9 s h o w s t h e v a l u e of m a t erials for w h i c h orders h a v e b e e n
p l a c e d since M a r c h
15, 1 9 3 4 , b y c o n t r a c t o r s w o r k i n g o n R e c o n s t r u c
tion F i n a n c e C o r p o r a t i o n c o n s t r u c t i o n projects, b y
t y p e of material.
T a b l e 29*— V a l u e o f M a t e r i a l O r d e r s P l a c e d for P r o j e c t s F i n a n c e d b y t h e R e c o n
s t r uction F i n a n c e C o r p o r a t i o n , b y T y p e o f M a t e r i a l
Value of material orders
placed—
T y p e of material
F r o m M a r c h During period
1934 to Feb.
Feb. 15 to
Mar. 15,1935
15,1935
All material........ ............... .....................
$30,664,797
Asphalt and paving materials............................
Bolts, nuts, rivets, etc...................................
Cast-iron pipe and fittings...............................
C e m e n t .................................................
Clay products...........................................
31,453
9,115
383,602
1,435,055
Compressed and liquefied gases...........................
Concrete products.......................................
Copper products........................................
Cordage and twine...... ........ ....... ..... ... .......
Cotton goods............................................
Crushed stone...........................................
Electrical machinery and supplies........................
Explosives-.............................................
Felt goods, etc..........................................
Foundry and machine-shop products not elsewhere classified.
Fuel oil.................................................
Gasoline.................................. .............
Glass...................................................
Hardware, miscellaneous..... ..... ...... ...............
Insulation materials......... .... .................. .....
L i m e ............. ...................... ..............
Lubricating oils and greases...... .............. .........
L u m b e r and timber products............. ....... ........
Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products............
Mo t o r vehicles and supplies.......... .... ...............
Paints and varnishes....... ........ .....................
Plumbing supplies______________ _______________ ________
P u m p s and p u m p i n g equipment.........................
Rails, railway...........................................
Roofing............................. ..... ..............
R u b b e r goods...........................................
Sand and gravel...... ..... ......... ...................
Sheet-metal works.-................ .... ..... ..........
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus.. .................
Steel-works and rolling-mill products......................
Tools..... ......... ................... .................
Wire and wirework, not elsewhere classified...............
Other..................................................
During
the
12-month
p e r i o d for w h i c h
$1,072,886
51,242
41,126
1,466,776
1,586,866
5,760
48,880
37,477
931,492
949,845
4,447
2,252,581
49,241
342,444
3,157
425,853
67,437
8,850
33,181
1,229,178
102,402
131.721
30,060
231,486
12,844
28,731
4,516
34,950
438,579
28,245
65,600
16,305,389
80,015
267.722
1,183,040
the B u r e a u
has been
4,472
55,313
4,162
1,447
5,735
22,738
163,756
1,059
2,642
9,344
48,991
137,249
16,494
'46,’
690
2,92050,567
1,113
1,044
"l,'587
3,840
12,533
26,273
4,019
382,395
2,378
64,125
col
lecting this i n f o r m a t i o n , o r d e r s h a v e b e e n p l a c e d for m a t e r i a l s v a l u e d
at nearly $32,000,000.
N e a r l y $ 1 7 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 h a s b e e n s p e n t f o r steel
w o r k s a n d rolling-mill p r o d u c t s a n d o v e r $ 2 , 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 for m a c h i n e - s h o p
products.
46
E m p l o y m e n t o n C onstruction Projects Fi na n c e d f r o m R e g u l a r
G o v e r n m e n t a l Appropriations
T h e r e w a s a n i n c r e a s e o f 1 ,6 0 0 i n t h e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d
on
construction projects financed f r o m g o v e r n m e n t a l appropriations
m a d e
by
t h e C o n g r e s s direct to t h e v a r i o u s e x e c u t i v e d e p a r t m e n t s .
During
1 4 ,7 0 0 p e o p l e w e r e w o r k i n g a t t h e s i t e o f t h e s e
e a r n e d $ 8 6 3 ,0 0 0 d u r i n g t h e m o n t h .
In
M a r c h
projects.
These
workers
creases in e m p l o y m e n t , c o m p a r i n g M a r c h w i t h F e b r u a r y , w e r e s h o w n
on
the
following
types
of
construction:
Building,
street
and
road
p a v i n g , n a v a l vessels, w a t e r a n d s e w e r a g e s y s t e m s , a n d m i s c e l l a n e o u s
projects.
A
slight d e c r e a s e w a s r e g i s t e r e d o n river, h a r b o r , a n d f l o o d -
control w o r k .
Whenever
a
construction
contract
is
awarded
or
force-account
w o r k is s t a r t e d b y a d e p a r t m e n t o r u n i t o f t h e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t ,
t h e B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s is i m m e d i a t e l y n o t i f i e d o n f o r m s s u p
plied b y
t he B u r e a u , of t h e n a m e
amount
of
the
contract,
and
a n d address of the contractor, the
the
type
of
work
to
be
performed.
B l a n k s are t h e n m a i l e d to the contractor or the G o v e r n m e n t a g e n c y
doing
force-account
work,
w h o
s h o w i n g the n u m b e r of m e n
rolls, t h e n u m b e r
returns
the
report
to
the
Bureau
o n t h e p a y rolls, t h e a m o u n t o f t h e p a y
of m a n - h o u r s
worked,
and
the value
of different
t y p e s of m a t e r i a l for w h i c h orders h a v e b e e n placed.
T h e
following
tables s h o w
information
concerning
cons t r u c t i o n projects o n w h i c h w o r k started since J u l y
such
work
1, 1 9 3 4 .
on
T h e
B u r e a u h a s n o d a t a for projects t h a t w e r e u n d e r w a y p r e v i o u s to t h a t
date.
Table
30 s h o w s , for t h e m o n t h of M a r c h 1935, e m p l o y m e n t , p a y
rolls, a n d
July
man-hours
worked
on
construction projects started since
1, 1 9 3 4 , w h i c h a r e f i n a n c e d f r o m d i r e c t a p p r o p r i a t i o n s t o t h e
v a r i o u s F e d e r a l d e p a r t m e n t s a n d agencies, b y t y p e of project.
Table
30.— E m p l o y m e n t o n C o n s t r u c t i o n P r o j e c t s F i n a n c e d f r o m R e g u l a r
G o v e r n m e n t a l A p p r o p r i a t i o n s , b y T y p e o f Project, M a r c h 1 9 3 5
[Subject to revisionj
W a g e (earners
T y p e of project
All projects. ..........................
Building construction..................
Public roads3.........................
River, harbor, and flood control........
Streets and roads......................
Naval vessels.........................
Water and sewerage...................
Miscellaneous.........................
Maxi
m u m 1 W eekly
n u m b e r average
employed
2 14,659
13,068
4,010
(4)
4,494
1,674
2,209
202
664
3,296
1,406
4,208
1,461
2,052
153
492
f 1 M a x i m u m n u m b e r employed during any 1 week
of the m o n t h b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
Amount
of pay
rolls
Number
of m a n hours
worked
$862,886 1,359,043
210,202
66,787
297,393
52,847
207,832
9,762
18,063
294,599
107,211
539,091
123,288
252,894
14,740
27,220
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
$0,635 $2,709,912
.714
.623
.552
.429
.822
.662
.664
441,164
79,226
239,016
34,605
1,893,394
3,007
19,500
2 Includes weekly average for Public Roads,
8 Estimated b y the Bureau of Public Roads,
* N o t available; average n u m b e r included in total.
47
A v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s for street a n d r o a d w o r k e r s w a s 4 3 cents.
In
contrast,
T h e
workers
average
for
on
naval
all t y p e s
of
vessels
earned
construction
82
cents
63%
was
per
hour.
cents.
M a r c h
p a y r o lls a m o u n t e d t o o v e r $ 8 6 0 , 0 0 0 .
There
building
were
increases
construction,
in
the
road
n u m b e r
work,
of
naval
workers
vessels,
sewerage w o r k comparing M a r c h with February.
o ccurred in building construction.
A
employed
and
water
on
and
T h e largest increase
g r e a t n u m b e r o f p o s t o f f ic e s i n
small t o w n s t h r o u g h o u t the U n i t e d States are n o w u n d e r construction.
Table
31
s h o w s , for t h e m o n t h
of M a r c h ,
employment,
pay
rolls,
a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d o n c o n s t r u c t i o n p r o j e c t s s t a r t e d s i n c e J u l y 1,
1934, w h i c h are financed f r o m
regular g o v e r n m e n t a l
appropriations,
b y g e o g r a p h i c divisions.
Table
31.— E m p l o y m e n t o n C o n s t r u c t i o n P r o j e c t s F i n a n c e d f r o m R e g u l a r
G o v e r n m e n t a l A p p r o p r i a t i o n s , b y G e o g r a p h i c Divi s i o n , M a r c h 1 9 3 5
[Subject to revision]
Amount
Number
of manhours
worked
Aver
age
earn
ings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
W a g e eairners
Geographic division
M a x i m u m W eekly
aver
number
e m pl o y e d » age
All divisions........................
14,659
13,068
$862,886
1,359,043
$0,635
* $2,709,912
N e w England.......................
Middle Atlantic.....................
East North Central..................
W e s t North Central..................
South Atlantic......................
East South Central..................
We s t South Central..................
Mountain...........................
Pacific..________ ____________________
Outside continental United States____
1,260
1,523
999
1,559
2,907
1,014
2,484
1,299
1,063
561
1,146
1,277
886
1,416
2,488
906
2,223
1,236
1,003
488
94,925
91,489
67,741
74,326
174,778
62,468
132,595
63,707
84,367
26,491
115,392
120,205
75,111
128,960
253.365
120,569
263,248
113,535
107.365
61,293
.823
.761
.769
.576
.690
.518
.504
.661
.786
.432
759,981
564,229
175,911
77,823
756,532
88,065
119,629
17,666
60,774
11,176
i M a x i m u m n u m b e r employed during any 1 week of the m o n t h b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
^4
* Includes $79,226 estimated value of orders placed for public-roads projects which cannot be charged to
any specific geographic division.
T h e
for
S o u t h Atlantic States p r o v i d e d the greatest a m o u n t
construction
appropriations.
the
largest
States.
employees
financed
from
factor
In the W e s t
in
employment
employment
is c o n s i d e r a b l e
activity.
There
c o m p a r i n g g e o g r a p h i c divisions.
U n i t e d States d o
Table
32
in
the
South
are
Atlantic
S o u t h C e n t r a l S t a t e s , river, h a r b o r , a n d f i o o d -
struction
T h e
of w o r k
governmental
B u i l d i n g o p e r a t i o n s in t h e city of W a s h i n g t o n
seasonal
control w o r k created m o r e
hour.
direct
In no
t h a n a n y o t her t y p e of c o n
range
in h o u r l y
earnings
single section of c o n t i n e n t a l
average earnings a m o u n t
t o less t h a n 5 0 c e n t s p e r
highest earnings are s h o w n in the N e w
England
shows,
to M a r c h
for t h e m o n t h s
of A u g u s t
1934
States.
1935,
i n c l u s i v e , e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls, a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d o n c o n s t r u c
tion projects
starting
appropriations m a d e
m e n t s a n d agencies.
since J u l y
by
the
1,
1934,
Congress
which
are
financed
from
direct to t h e F e d e r a l d e p a r t
48
Table
3 2.— E m p l o y m e n t o n C o n s t r u c t i o n P r o j e c t s F i n a n c e d f r o m
G o v e r n m e n t a l Appropriations, A u g u s t 1 9 3 4 to M a r c h 1 9 3 5
Regular
[Subject to revision]
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of N u m b e r of
wage
pay rolls man-hours
earners
worked
Month
1934
August..............
September...........
October..............
N o v e m b e r ...........
D e c ember............
1935
January.............
February............
M a r c h ...............
Table
period,
33
July
shows
the
1, 1 9 3 4 ,
value
to
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
5,601
9,800
13,593
18,211
16,276
$329,440
493,363
689,604
1,014,945
859,998
557,747
773,685
1,103,523
1,690,488
1,468,741
$0.591
.638
.625
.600
.586
$150,506
842,292
982,835
3,334,648
1,966,441
12,784
13,106
14,659
669,199
704,190
862,886
1,062,118
1,102,864
1,359,043
.630
.639
.635
3,163,946
1,962,087
2,709,912
of
M a r c h
material
15,
1935,
orders
on
placed
during
construction
the
projects
f i n a n c e d f r o m direct g o v e r n m e n t a l appropriations, b y t y p e of material.
T a b l e 33 . — M a t e r i a l O r d e r s P l a c e d for C o n s t r u c t i o n P r o j e c t s F i n a n c e d
R e g u l a r G o v e r n m e n t a l Appropriations, b y T y p e of Mat e r i a l
from
Value of material orders
placed
T y p e of material
F r o m July During period
1934 to Feb.
Feb. 15 to
Mar. 15,1935
15, 1935
All material..............................................
$12,252,249
$2,709,912
Bolts, nuts, rivets, etc....................................
Brick and hollow tile.....................................
Cast-iron pipe and fittings.................................
Ce m e n t and lime.........................................
Coal.....................................................
Concrete products........................................ .
Copper products......................................... .
Cordage and twine.......................................
Crushed stone............................................
Electric wiring and fixtures.................................
Electrical machinery and supplies......................... .
Elevators and parts....................................... .
Engines, turbines, tractors, etc............................ .
Explosives............................................... .
Forgings................................................. .
Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified..
Glass.................................................... .
Hardware.................................................
Heating and ventilating equipment........................ .
L u m b e r and timber products...............................
Machine tools
_____
___
___,
Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products............. .
Metal doors, etc.......................................... .
Motor vehicles...........................................
Nails and spikes...........................................
Paints and varnishes.....................................
Paving mixtures..........................................
Petroleum products.......................................
Planing-mill products.....................................
Plumbing supplies........................................
P u m p s and pum p in g equipment...........................
Rails, steel...............................................
Refrigerating equipment..................................
Roofing materials.........................................
Rubber g oods...........................................
Sand and gravel..........................................
Sheet-metal w o r k .........................................
Steel-works and rolling mill products......................
Steel, structural and reinforcing............................
Tiling, floor and wall, and terrazzo.........................
Tools, other than machine tools............................
Wall plaster, wall board, and insulating board..............
Waterproofing materials..................................
Wire products, not elsewhere classified.....................
Other....................................................
23,084
80,145
35,833
380,996
128,302
69,681
51,392
7,113
119,515
161,788
727,028
52,319
2,027,888
16,795
174,981
899,636
11,988
77,099
179,704
775,352
12,788
247,589
129,258
6,561
13,893
96,147
57,885
329,902
42,157
132,925
374,389
7,934
17,540
33,654
62,429
209,462
85,302
1,081,466
2,620,141
7,473
15,865
64,676
6,678
83,213
537,757
8,020
54.362
23,610
27,598
3,580
1,211
9,825
24.179
240,385
39,143
198,868
2,081
138,699
324,812
1,694
16,255
52,295
63.362
10,308
36,152
16,930
1,701
1,241
12.179
4,099
83,365
16,429
18,135
247,487
4,409
2,489
7,184
1,231
31,083
"413,"950
453,647
1,719
2,438
3,837
’
""29,"315
55,131
49
D u r i n g this p e r i o d o r d e r s h a v e b e e n p l a c e d for m a t e r i a l v a l u e d a t
nearly $15,000,000.
O r d e r s p l a c e d for v a r i o u s t y p e s o f steel m a k e s
u p t h e largest single ite m .
W a g e - R a t e C h a n g e s in A m e r i c a n IndustryM a n u f a c t u r i n g Industries
T he
following
table
presents
information
adjustments occurring b e t w e e n F e b r u a r y
shown
by
reports
received
from
24,658
concerning
15 a n d M a r c h
wage-rate
15, 1 9 3 5 , a s
establishments
employing
3,889,414 w o r k e r s in M a r c h .
Sixty-one
establishments
in
28
industries
reported
wage-rate
increases a v e r a g i n g 7.9 p e r c e n t a n d affecting 9 , 5 1 5 e m p l o y e e s .
T h e o u t s t a n d i n g w a g e - r a t e a d j u s t m e n t w a s a n a v e r a g e increase of 7
percent received b y
lishments.
This
until M a r c h
Three
average
3,840 e m p l o y e e s in 2 g l a s s - m a n u f a c t u r i n g estab
was
effective
February
1,
but
was
not
reported
15.
woolenwage-rate
and
worsted-goods
increase
of
establishments
5.2 p e r c e n t
to
1,365
reported
employees,
an
701
w o r k e r s in 3 a u t o m o b i l e p l a n t s r e c e i v e d a n 8.9 p e r c e n t increase a n d
595
e m p l o y e e s in
ments
received
13
foundry
increases
and
machine-shop
averaging
6.3
products
percent.
a f f e c t e d 4 6 6 e m p l o y e e s o r less i n a n y o n e i n d u s t r y .
Other
establish
increases
50
Table 34.— Wage-Rate Changes in Manufacturing Industries During Month
Ending March 15, 1935
N u m b e r of establish
ments reporting—
Estab-
Industry
Total
ber
ments num
of
em
report
ployees
ing
All manufacturing industries___ 24,658 3,889,414
Percentage of total........
100.0
100.0
Iron and steel and their prod
ucts, not including machin
ery:
Blast furnaces, steel works,
and rolling mills........
Bolts, nuts, washers, and
rivets..................
Cast-iron pipe............
Cutlery (not including sil
ver and plated cutlery)
and edge tools..... ....
Forgings, iron and steel....
Hardware...... ..........
Plumbers’supplies________
Steam and hot-water-heat
ing apparatus and steam
fittings___ ____________ _
Stoves___________________
Structural and ornamental
metalwork........ .....
Tin cans and other tinware..
Tools (not including edge
tools, machine tools, files,
and saws)........... ...
W irework________________
Machinery, not including trans
portation equipment:
Agricultural implements___
Cash registers, adding machaines, and calculating
machines......... .....
Electrical machinery, appa
ratus, and supplies......
Engines, turbines, tractors,
and water wheels_______
Foundry and machine-shop
products________________
Machine tools_____ ■
_______
Radios and phonographs___
Textile machinery ana parts.
Typewriters and parts_____
Transportation equipment:
Aircraft.._________________
Automobiles..... ........
Cars, electric- and steamrailroad........... .....
Locomotives______________
Shipbuilding...... .. ....
Railroad repair shops:
Electric railroad___________
Steam railroad____________
Nonferrous metals and their
products:
A l u m i n u m manufactures__
Brass, bronze, and copper
products................
Clocks and watches and
time-recording devices...
Jewelry............ ......
Lighting equipment.......
Silverware and plated ware..
Smelting and refining— cop
per, lead, and zinc.......
Stamped and enameled
ware.......... .........
L u m b e r and allied products:
Furniture................
Lumber:
Millwork.............
Sawmills— .... .......
Turpentine and rosin......
N u m b e r of employees
having—
No
Wage- Wage- N o wage- Wage- Wagewage- rate
in rate de
rate
rate in rate de
rate creases
creases changes creases creases
changes
24,597
99.8
61
.2
3,879,899
99.8
227
276,120
227
50
45
8,375
8,522
50
44
170
90
109
93
14,291
10.763
32,778
11,835
170
90
109
93
92
207
21,006
25,288
91
206
302
95
20,663
17,284
302
95
20,663
17,284
137
111
11,372
14,059
137
111
11,372
14,059
83
27,726
83
27,726
9,515
.2
276,120
1
8,375
8,422
100
14,291
10.763
32,778
11,835
1
1
20,998
25,280
s
8
25
15,556
25
418
130,421
414
4
130,345
111
44,448
109
2
44,358
90
1,656
192
48
152
13
162,973
23,145
32,387
16,215
10,795
1,643
190
48
152
13
13
2
162,378
22,739
32,387
16,215
10,795
595
406
32
327
6,997
367,560
31
324
1
3
6,859
366,859
138
701
69
13
107
19,049
4,676
33,875
69
13
107
383
525
20,483
80,681
381
525
36
7,662
36
271
46,124
270
28
197
70
54
11,666
30.763
4,075
8,939
28
197
70
53
44
18,0f>3
44
216
24, 709
215
572
57,648
572
578
612
31
25,210
69,510
2,787
578
612
30
15,556
76
19,049
4,676
33,875
2
20,459
80,681
1
45,658
466
1
11,666
10.763
4,075
8,734
205
24
7,662
18,063
1
24,659
50
57,648
1
25,210
69,510
2,773
14
51
Table 34.— Wage-Rate Changes in Manufacturing Industries During Month
Ending March 15, 1935— Continued
Industry
Stone, clay, and glass products:
Brick, tile, and terra cotta...
C e m e n t ..................
Glass1...................
Marble, granite, slate, and
other products......... .
Pottery..................
Textiles and their products:
Fabrics:
Carpets and rugs......
Cotton goods.........
Cotton small wares....
Dyeing and finishing
textiles.............
Hats, fur-felt..........
Knit goods.... .......
Silk and rayon goods....
Woolen and worsted
goods...............
Wearing apparel:
Clothing, m e n ’
s.......... .
Clothing, w o m e n ’
s........
Corsets and allied garments.
Men’
s furnishings........ .
Millinery................ .
Shirts and collars........ .
Leather and its manufactures:
Boots and shoes.......... .
Leather................. .
Foo d and kindred products:
Baking.................. .
Beverages............... .
Butter.................. .
Canning and preserving___
Confectionery............ .
Flour................... .
Ice cream................ .
Slaughtering and meat
packing.................
Sugar, beet.............. .
Sugar refining, cane...... .
Tobacco manufactures:
Chewing and smoking to
bacco and snuff..........
Cigars and cigarettes..... .
Paper and printing:
Boxes, paper............. .
Paper and pulp.......... .
Printing and publishing:
Book and job........ .
Newspapers and peri
odicals............. .
Chemicals and allied products,
and petroleum refinings:
Other than petroleum re
finings:
Chemicals........... .
Cottonseed oil, cake.
and meal............
Druggists’preparations.
Explosives........... .
Fertilizers.............
Paints and varnishes....
Ra y o n and allied prod
ucts............... .
Soap..................
Petroleum refining....... .
Rubber products:
Rubber boots and shoes___
Rubber goods, other than
boots, shoes, tires, and
inner tubes............ .
Rubber tires and inner
tubes.................. .
iSee text,,p. 49.
Estab Total
lish nu m b e r
ments
of e m
report ployees
ing
N u m b e r of establish
ments reporting—
N u m b e r of employees
having—
No
Wage- Wage- N o wage- wagewage- rate
rate
in- rate derate in rate derate
changes
535
135
168
20,487
15,129
55,181
534
135
166
20,425
15,129
51,341
230
123
3,769
18,863
230
122
18,819
32
690
127
18,700
296,109
12,448
32
690
127
18,700
296,109
12,448
172
58
474
277
45,602
8,350
130,955
52,546
172
58
474
276
45,602
8,350
130,955
52,540
531
141,001
528
139,636
1,365
1,619
647
1,619
647
39
135
165
128,125
44,072
6,887
9,608
8,572
25,857
135
164
86
128,125
44,072
6,887
9,608
8,572
25,772
85
345
173
124,923
35,464
345
172
124,923
35,314
150
994
527
306
722
318
397
349
58,947
26,840
4,114
39,396
35,964
15,599
994
527
306
721
318
396
349
58,947
26,840
4,114
39,382
35,964
15,531
68
309
64
14
91,763
3,031
9,189
309
64
14
91,763
3,031
9,189
222
8,419
47,012
221
8,419
46,801
726
441
37,261
112,727
726
439
37,261
112,683
44
1,428
62,339
1,423
62,010
329
564
52,912
558
52,557
355
129
29,385
129
29,385
91
76
33
337
634
4,555
8,468
4,332
20,213
21,320
91
76
33
337
634
4,555
8,468
4,332
20,213
21,320
27
112
208
48,064
16,318
63,275
27
112
208
48,064
16,318
63,275
13
18,974
13
18,974
189
29,537
188
29.476
38
51,477
38
51.477
3,840
14
211
61
52
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g In d u str ie s
D ata c o n c e r n i n g
15 a n d M a r c h
c h a n g e s in w a g e rates occurring b e t w e e n F e b r u a r y
15 w h i c h were reported b y cooperating establishments
in 1 6 i ndustries o t h e r t h a n m a n u f a c t u r i n g , a r e p r e s e n t e d i n t a b l e 35.
W a g e - r a t e increases affecting 2 , 7 9 4 e m p l o y e e s o c c u r r e d in 6 0 of t h e
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n t h e p u b l i c utilities g r o u p w h i c h r e p o r t e a c h m o n t h
to
the
Bureau
of L a b o r
Statistics.
These
increases
were
confined
m a i n l y to the t e lephone a n d telegraph industry, w h e r e t h e y a v e r a g e d
4.1 p e r c e n t a n d affected 1 , 8 2 7 w o r k e r s .
In establishments producing
electric light a n d p o w e r a n d m a n u f a c t u r e d ga s , 8 7 9 e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e d
increases a v e r a g i n g 5 percent.
T h e
o n l y c h a n g e s r e p o r t e d in t h e g r o u p of m i n i n g industries w e r e
increases in 4 b i t u m i n o u s coal m i n e s w h i c h a v e r a g e d 5.5 p e r c e n t a n d
affected 1,040 e m p l o y e e s .
I n tfie g r o u p o f t r a d e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , 3 8 w h o l e s a l e c o n c e r n s g r a n t e d
a n a v e r a g e w a g e - r a t e increase of 8.5 p e r c e n t to 6 7 5 w o r k e r s , a n d
retail-trade e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n c r e a s e d t h e a v e r a g e r a t e of p a y
employees b y
T h e
39
of 2 4 3
11.3 percent.
r e m a i n i n g c h a n g e s r e p o r t e d w e r e negligible, affecting a s t h e y
d i d o n l y 8 8 e m p l o y e e s o r less i n a n y o n e i n d u s t r y .
T a b l e 35.— W a g e - R a t e C h a n g e s in N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g I n d u s t r i e s D u r i n g M o n t h
E n d i n g M a r c h 15, 1 9 3 5
Industrial group
N u m b e r of establish
ments reporting—
Estab Total
lish.
umber
ments nof
em
report ployees
ing
Anthracite mining.........
160
Percentage of total______
Bituminous coal mining....
1.472
Percentage of total______
Metalliferous mining.......
262
Percentage of total........
Quarrying and nonmetallic
1,091
mining.....................
Percentage of total........
Crude petroleum producing____
290
Percentage of total........
Telephone and telegraph......
8,289
Percentage of total........
Electric light and power and
2,719
manufactured gas...........
Percentage of total........
Electric railroad and motor bus
480
operation and maintenance...
Percentage of total........
Wholesale trade... ........... 17,017
Percentage of total........
Retail trade.................. 64,253
Percentage of total........
Hotels........ .... .......... 2.472
Percentage of total........
Laundries.................... 1,349
Percentage of total____ ____
Dyeing and cleaning..........
639
Percentage of total........
2,680
B a n k s ____ ________________ __
Percentage of total........
380
Brokerage......... -..........
Percentage of total........
1,065
Insurance....................
Percentage of total........
100.0
100.0
100.0
No
Wage- Wage- N o wage- Wage- W agewage- rate
in- rate derate in- rate de
rate
rate
changes
creases
changes
160
71,401
71,401
100.0 100.0
1,468
100.0 99.7
28,669
262
100.0 100.0
100.0
259,590
27,646
258,550
99.6
28,669
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0 100.0
290
100.0 100.0
260,564
8,239
100.0 99.4
100.0
238,024
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
133,307
100.0
100.0
827,974
100.0
147,344
100.0
72,906
100.0
15,577
100.0
85,927
100.0
10,779
100.0
69,062
100.0
27,646
100.0
100.0
28,241
100.0
295,006
O
1,040
.4
100.0
1,091
i Less than H o of 1 percent.
N u m b e r of employees
having—
28,241
50
258,737
99.3
1,827
.7
2,713
99.8
237,145
99.6
879
.4
476
99.2
16,978
99.8
54,209
99.9
2,472
133,219
99.9
294,312
99.8
827,715
675
100.0
1,348
99.9
639
100.0
2,680
100.0
380
100.0
1,065
100.0
.1
(0 I
0)
100.0
100.0
72,901
100.0
15,577
100.0
85,927
100.0
10,779
100.0
69,062
100.0
147,344
.1
19
.2 0) .16
243
0)
0)
0)
@FedFRASER