Full text of Employment and Payrolls : June 1951

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EMPLOYMENT

and payrolls

DETAILED REPORT
JUNE 1951

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Maurice J. Tobin - Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague - Commitfioner

U. 3. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington 25, D. 0.
August 29, 1951

EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
Detailed Report
June 1951

CONTENTS

PAGE

Employment Review
Employment Trends . . . ......... •
Industry Employment Reports*
Automobiles ............ . . . . . . . ..........
Merchant Marine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Statistical Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..........
ExpLanatory Notes and Glossary ................ .




Prepared by
Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics
Seymour L. Wolfbein, Chief

2
9
15
Asl
i

2.

JULY

1951

The employment situation showed continued strength in the Nation"
as a whole in raid-Summer 1951, despite the recent declines in activity in
certain sectors of the econoray. Total employment in nonfarm activities in
July was at an al.l-time high for tho month and the unemployment level re■gained at a postwar low for the season. Although a moderate rise in
industrial lay-offs in July was indicated by unemployment insurance reports,
thsse lay-of:?s were largely of very short duration and had little apparent
effect on the over-all unemployment total,
Smolovment and hours declines in consumer-durable goods industries
Employment and hours in most of the consumer durable goods industries
have been declining since early Spring, as a result of restrictions on nondefense uses of metal as well as some slackening in consumer demand from the
record levels of earlier months. Available production data indicate, however,
that cutbacks in the output of civilian goods have been relatively greater
than the employment reductions in these industries. In part, this may reflect
the stepped-up flow of military procurement orders as the defense production
program gained momentum. Reductions in the worb.reek also have served to
lessen the effect of production cutbacks on employment.
The following table shows that appreciable declines in production
worker employment and man-hours have occurred between Karch and June of this
year in selected consumer durable goods industries, with the sharpest
reductions occurring in plants producing furniture and radio and television
sets,' In fact, employment in all but 2 of the selected 7 industries in
June 1951 was below the June 1950 X-svel, in contrast to an over-all gain
of 3 percent in total manufacturing employment over this period. Escept
in the radio and television industry, man-hours declined even more sharply
than employment, becsuso of decreases in tho'averago workweek.




Changes in employment and manhours in
solcctcd consumer durable goods industries,
June 1950 and March - Juno 1951

Industry

Production worker erat?loyment
Humber
Percent change in
: (in thousands) :
Percent change
manhours
: Juno: March:June: June 1950-: March — June 1950-s March : 1951: 1951 :1950: June .1951 :Juna 1951 Juno 1951 sJune 1951

Automobiles
!737,3!793.4
Household furniture 199,1!236,1
I
1$.
Radios and telcvis-!
ion
j149.41183,2
?
Service industry
i
and household
j
1
machines
j139.9:143.4
Heating apparatus ;128.6j133.9
Toys and sporting j
goods
j 65.51 68.9
1
Jewelry and silver-)
i
ware
j 41.4| 47,2
1
i
j
i

-3.6
:764.7;
j
j
i222.3« -10.4
t
1
;
'
!
»
!151.6j -1,5
:
|
[
|
i
i147.9!
-5.4
:121,9;
5.5
i
3,0
63,6 j
!
i
i
-2,6
i 42.5|
i
!
!
i
1i

|

-7,1
-15.7

-11.9
—14,5

-IS.4

-0.7

[
1
-5.7 j
-4,0 I

-10.8
7.1

-4.9

1.2

-12.3

-3.5

j -9.8
j -20,3
i
j -18.4

1
1;

! -10.9
! -5,3
!
j -6,6
I
i -16,4
i
1

Nonfarm employment dips seasonally in July
The number of employees
by about 200,000 between mid-Juno
at a record high for the season.
downs in manufacturing industries
as retail trade and public school
construction, and dofense-rolnted

in industry, commerce, and government declined
end mid-July, but, at 46.4- million, was still
Over the month, widespread vacation shut­
and mid-summer reductions in such fields .
employment more then offset gains in canning,
industries, (See Tables 1 end 2).

Factory employment, at 15.8 million in mid-July, was down by more'
than 100,000 over tho month. Minor employment declines wore reported in
nearly every industry, partly reflecting short-term lay-offs of workers
not eligible for vacation pay when their plants shut down. Somewhat greater
reductions occurred in industries producing certain consumer durable goods,
including radios and television sets, refrigerators end other household
appliances, and automobiles.
Seasonal employment declines were reported in the textile, apparel,
and lumber industries over the month. On the other hand, airoraft plants
continued to add workers, and, by mid-July, had increased their employment
by over 200,000, or 86 percent, since the start of tho Korean War in June 1950.




Employment in contract construction was at an all-tin© high of
2.7 million in July, following a noderate seasonal gain of AO,000 over the
month. Increases in. expenditures far industrial and military construction
were reported in July, continuing the sharp uptrend of recent months. How­
ever, private home-building expenditures failed to show the normal seasonal
gain and commercial building began to drop, as the affects of restrictions
on nondefense construction became more evident*
Employment in Federal defense, agencies, including naval shipyards,
arsenals, and military bases, rose by about 28,000 over the month. Federal
defense employment in the continental U. 8. totaled 1.1 million in July,
up by nearly a half million from June 1950. Well over nine-tenths of this
increase occurred in Government defense installations located outside of the
Washington, D. C. area.
Factory workWeole reduced to year-ago level
The average workweek of production workers in manufacturing plants
declined by nearly a half hour between laid-June and mid-July, to 40.4- hours,
or about the level of a year ago. The reduction in hours over tho month
occurred primarily among tho durable goods industries* and was largely the
result of widespread vacation shutdowns.
Over the year, decreases in the a v e r a g e workweek have teen reported
in many consumer durable goods industries, such as household appliances,
furniture, and automobiles* where both hours and employment have boon
declining since early Spring of this year. Slackened consumer demand since
Spring also has resulted in reductions in tho average workweek below the
level of a year ago in certain soft-goods industries* including textiles,
leather, and men’s and boys’ clothing. However, significant over-the-yoar
increases in hours have been reported in such defense-connected industries
as metalworking machinery, pircraft, and shipbuilding.
Average weekly earnings of production workers in manufacturing
declined 76 cents over tho month but-, at $64.56 in July, were $5*35 above
a year ago. The June to July decrease resulted primarily from a reduction
of nearly ah hour in the average workweek in durable goods plants. Gross
hourly earnings of factory workers, including overtime and other premium
pay, averaged $1.60 in July, unchanged over the month and up 14 cents over
the year.
Factory hiring at pre-Korea level in Juno
Factories hired workers at a rate of 48 per 1,000 employees'in
June, the same rate as in June 1950. This contrasts with the pattern in
earlier months of this year, when the hiring rate in manufacturing industries
Was substantially above the rato in the corresponding months of 1950, and
reflects the recent easing in demand in many consumer goods industries*
Hiring rates continued significantly higher than a year earlier, however,




in a number of industries relatod to defense production, including machinery,
ordnance, instruments, chemicals, and petroleum products.
BeWean May and June, the hiring rate in manufacturing industries
rose moderately, largely because of initial preparations for the Fall season
in a number of soft goods industries. However, in the apparel, textiles,
and furniture industries, the hiring rate in June wcs lower than the rato
of separations due to quits, lay-offs, and other causes*
Lay-offs of manufacturing' vrorkers declined between May and Juno
from 12 to 9 per 1,000 employees, and equalled the Juno 1950 rato — a
postwar low for the month. Seasonal declines in lay-offs wore reported
in most nondurable goods industries. Lay-off ratos were highest' in Juno
in furniture and automobile plants. In the latter industry, curtailments
of automobile production have resulted in relatively high lay-off rates in
the past few months.
The quit rato of factory workers also declined between May and
June, from 28 to 2/+ per 1,000 employees, but remained substantially above
the June 1950 level of 17 per 1,000. However, the quit rato was above year-/
ago levels in every industry group, with incroasos most pronounced in
dofense-rolated industries, including primary metals, machinery, and
ordnance. Relatively small increases in voluntary separations over thq
year were reported in most consumer goods industries, where employment
opportunities have slackened in rocont months.
Total unemployment continues at -seasonal low
Unemployment totaled 1,9 million in July, or more than 300,000
below the previous postwar low for the month in 1943, according to Bureau
of tho Census estimates. This vms tho sixth consecutive month in which
the unemployment total was below the previous postwar low point for the
season. Most of thoso seeking work in July, moreover, had boon unemployed
onlyxfor brief periods accompanying recent entry into the labor force or
voluntary job shifting. Only about one out of every eight job seekers had
been unemployed for 15 weeks or more. A year ago, by way of contrast, one
out of five jobless workers was in this group of long-term unemployed.
Botwocn June and July 1951, unemployment dropped by 100,0Q0 as
young people who had entered tho labor market with tho closo of the school
year were rapidly absorbed into employment. Unemployment among adult.workers,
aged 25 years and over, remained substantially unchanged over tho month and,
at 1 million in July, was down to about half the level of a year earlier*
Continued claims for State unemployment insurance benefits showed
a moderate contraseasonal rise in July, to about 1 million, or approximately
tho same as in the corresponding month in 1943* In the previous quarter,
however, continued claims, had avoragod about 10 percent below 1948 levels
for the corresponding period.




6.

Reports from State employment security agencies indicated that both
curtailficnts in certain consumer goods industries and widespread vacation
shutdowns had been responsible for these increases in c.laims• llony of the
wbrkers added to plant payrolls in recent months and not eligible for vacation
guy'applied for unemployment benefits when their plants shut down. Short-term
.iay~of£s of this.typo, with c specific date cf return, r'onorally arc not
reflected in tho Census count of unemployed and isuty largely account for the
difference in trend over tho month between Census estimates and unemployment
insurance claimsidata.

In response to larga-scalo expanaion in. employment opportunities,
relatively heavy inflows of wonon into tho labor force have occurrod over the
past year. A net influx of 1.1 million women botween July 1950 and July 1951
has offset a comparable decline in the; number of men in tho civilian labor
force resulting from tho large-scale build-up of the anted forces since the
outbreak of the Korean war. «.s a result, tho civilian labor force of 64.4
million in July of this year was at about tho somo level c.p in July 1950.
In March 1951, manufacturing plaints reported c. tctnl of 4.2 Million
women on their payrolls, a net addition of a half million women ever tho
yatir, This increase has boon concontratod in industries whore rapid expansion
in total employment has occurred. In tho metals and-metals products Industries,
whcro total omplojTiisnt roso by 1,4- million over tho yodr, 500,000 wonon were
added to plant.payrolls.
Over all, tho relative importance of wo-ion '.;orkors in manufacturing
plants remained unchanged ovor'tho year — at 26 percent of total manufacturing
employment in booh Kerch 1950 and March 1951. This reflects the fact that the
heavy industries, which normally employ relatively few women, accountcd for.
the bulk''of the rise in total factory employment, Novortholoss, most industries
shewed an incro-sso in the proportion of -women employed ovor tho- yoar, Among
the industries where tho percentage of voiaon workers rose significantly woro
household equipment, opthr.lmic and photographic goods, aircraft, and
corjrainication equipment. The gains in tho proportion of women rjorkors woro,
however-* much (smaller than in the early Worlcl >.?ar II period when both inflows
of wceaon into tho labor force aid withdrawals of men to armed,forces wore on
a Considerably- groxter scale.
Despite tho oviclonco of inerorred utilisation of wonon workers in
many industries, the basic pattern of their employment in rrsanufacturing
remains, essentially unchanged, In March 1951, about half of the women working
in raanufacturing'plants woro employed in tho food, textile, apparel and leather
industries. Tho apparel industry alone employed over 900,000 women, constitut­
ing throo-quartcrs of bho industry’s labor force.




7.

TABLE 1

Employees in Nonagricultural'Establishments, by Industry Division and Selected Groups
July, June, Fay, 1951 and July 1950

Indu3try division
and group

TOTAL

w
n
ii

1
1!

(In thousands)

July
V

June

46,339

46,563

15,830

15,964
7

1950

,Net __Qh£ng£_r
June
July
1
1950
1951
to
to
j May ' July
July
July
1951
! 1951 i
[
46,232
44,096 -174
+2,293
i

MANUFACTURING
MIKING
Metal mining
Bituminous-coal
Nonmetallic mining and
quarrying
CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

! 15,873
j
?
!

14,777 ! -134

-

26

+
-

3
26

+

7

+1,053

j

896

923

1

913

106

105
379

!
1

356

104
377

922 I - 27
1
103 + 1
382 - 23

108

108

106

101

0

2,726

2,683

2,592

2,532

+ 43

+ 194

4,062
7

+ 5

+ lo4

2,922
686
553

4,133 1
\
2,912
680
5^6

2,839 - 10
667 + 4
556 + 11

+
+
+

9,720

9,676

9,390 - 72

+ 266

i

I
I
4, 166

4,161

\

j

Transportation
Communication
Other public utilities

2,912 I
690
564 i

73
23
8

j

TRADE

9,656 1

i

Wholesale trade

2,58-4 i

2.580

2,567

2,528

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Pood and liquor stores
Automotive and accessories
dealers
Apparel arid accessories
stores
Other retail trade

7,072 |
1,397 !
1,276 |
t

7,143
1,457
1,269

7,109
1,472
1,269

6 ,862! - 76
1,3721 - 60
1,203! + 7
i

753
519
3,127

FINANCE

1,907

SERVICE

4,352

!
i
f
!
I

;

fH o

54a
3,126

:
;

742

746
J

5 4 9 1I
i
j

3,077

+

j!
|[
[

+

4

+

56

+ 210
+ 25
+ 73

5

+

7

!

501 - 29
3,040|!1 + 1

+

IS

+

87

|
1

1,893

1.875

l,83l!

+

14

+

76

4,834

4,7S8

4,841

+

18

+

11

21

+

615

I

+

493

5

+

\

GOVERNMENT
Federal
State and local
1/ Preliminary




i

6,377

6,377

2,313 1 2,271
4,106
4,o43

2,244
4-, 133

6,356 !

!

5,741.1

-

1,820 i
3,921 j

-

+

42
63

122

8*

TA3L3 2
Employees in Manufacturing Industry Qroups
July, June, May 1951 and July 1950
(In thousands)

~W 51
Indust:v Qroup

MANUFA0TURIN0
DURABLE QOOIB

July
}J

’

T
*r... 1 ..

June

15,*30 . 15,964

8,85iJ

9,006

Ordnance and accessories
44.5
41.9
Lunber and wood produots
(except furniture)
843
G19
Furniture and fixtures
330
335
Stone, clay, and glass
products
56,?
553
Primary netal industries
1,349 ! 1,354
Fabricated netal products
(except ordnance, machinery,
and transportation equipment) 9&5
1,019
1,620
Machinery (except electrical) 1,602
934
Electrical nachinery
903
Transportation equipnent
1,521
1,519
Instrunents and related
products
299
293
Miscellaneous manufacturing
450
industries
479
NONDURABLE Q00ES
Food and kin lved products
Tobacco ncnufacturos
Textilo-nill products
Apparel and other finished
textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing,publishing, and
allied industries
Ohenioals and allied
products
Products of petroleun and
eoal
Rubber products
Leather and leather products

1/

Preliminary




I9’56“

Net change
July
June
1950
1951
to
to
July
July
1951
.M L . _ .

May

July

15,373

;14,777

-134

+1.053

8,907

7,97C

1.148

■f oao

39.9

23.7 ♦ 2.6

+

20.C
7
20

G35
349

ai2
350

- 24
- 5

+
-

560
1,345

512
1,222

- 9
- 5

+ 4l
+ 127

1,026
1,604
932
1,512

929
1,343
017
1,297

«• 34
» lo
• 31
+ 2

+ 56
+ 259
+ 86
+ 224

297

242

-

6

+

51

47

430

«■ 21

+

20

6,972

6,95o

6 ?<j u 6

6,799

+ 14

+ 173

1,615
G2
1,256

1,53Q
w2
1,295

1,4C3
Cl
1,301

1,617
02
1,250

+ 77
0
- 39

+

2
0
6

1,111
496

1,119
502

1,120
49C

1,097
465

-

3
6

+
+

14
31

759

761

760

739

-

2

+

20

742

742

742.

669

0

+

73

266
2'5o
37/

264
273
X '2

260
271
370

241
249
390

+ 2
- 5
- 5

+
-

25
19
13

i

EMPLOYMENT IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
ALL EMPLOYEES
MILLIONS

MILLIONS

20

15

10

UNITED STATES DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS




INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT REPORTS
AUTOMOBILES
...cut-backs in employment expected
Employment in the automobile industry^ declined
during the second quarter of 1951 from the record-breaking
levels attained since the outbreak of Korean hostilities.
June employment showed a net decline of over 56,000 pro­
duction workers from the 1951 high of 793,UOO in March.
During the third and fourth quarter fewer workers will be
employed to produce the limited number of cars and trucks
scheduled under the Controlled Materials Plan. Anticipated
employment declines on civilian products may reach 100,000
workers, but will be partly offset by increasing employment
on defense production of such items as jet aircraft engines
and tanks, for which the automobile industry already holds
contracts.
Employment Trends and Outlook
Month by month declines in employment character­
ized the second quarter of 1951 in contrast to the all-time
high quarterly average of 78It,000 production workers dnriing
the first quarter. In June 737,300 production workers were
employed, a net decline of over 56,000 workers from the 1951
high of 7?3,UOO in March. Some plants have shut down com­
pletely for a week or two. In other plants, the second
Shift has been eliminated or assembly line production halted
for 1 or 2 days during the week.
By the end of 1951, automobile employment is ex­
pected to -show a decline of about 100,000 production workers
from second quarter levels, if the workweek remains close, to
the present average of about lj.0 hours. This estimate is.
based upon an output in the fourth quarter, under the Con­
trolled Materials Plan, of 1.1 million passenger cars and
275,000 trucks, and a small increase in the production .of
replacement parts over 1950 levels. (See table II.)

1. The automoblie industry includes establishments pri­
marily engaged in manufacturing motor vehicles, passengercar bodies, truck and bus bodies, motor vehicle parts and
accessories, and truck and automobile trailers.




10.

Statements in early July by several spokesmen for tho auto­
mobile industry indicate that only a small percentage of their
workers were actually engaged in producing military equipment
at that time although a. growing volume of defense contractshad been obtained. Large increases in the number of automobile
workers in defense production are not anticipated until 1952;
only a itoderats rise in employment on military orders is ex­
pected daring the second half of 1951. As those increases occur,
they will partly offset employment declines in motor-vehicle
production,
•
Estimates of declining employment for ti e second half
of 1951 contrast sharply .with the 195>0 pattern. In Kay 1950,
automobile employment began & steady- upward climb, rising to an
all-time peak in October of nearly 795,000 production workers.
The 19?0 employment average of 713,500 exceeded all previous
levels for the industry by more than 50,000, even though there
was a long work stoppage at one of the major producers,
Thw trend of employment has been upward throughout
most of the post World War II period despite wide monthly
fluctuations. Employment for the years 19hl to 19h9 averaged
about lli percent higher than the prewar peak of 571,000 pro­
duction workers in 19al« Increases in employment during World.
War II reflect conversion of the industry to defense production
with only a small proportion of total manhours devoted to the
output of motor vehicles*

PRODUCTION WORKER EMPLOYMENT - AUTOKOBILS IHDMSTRY, 1932-51
(In thousands)
Period Total
Period
Total
'1932... W T ~
1950: January... .
Zl<7k
1933... 2<7
February..... 567,1
193U... 380
March ...... . 575*6
1935.. . 1*08
April ... ..... 595.3
1936... 1*30
Kay,........ . 736.3
1937... 505
June....... ?61t.7
1938... 3C6
July,....v,f... 756.7
1939... h02
%-ust....... 730,9
19l*0... U65
Septembor...... 737.8
19141... 571
October........ 7 ? M
19U2... lj.90
November.... . 760,1|
19U3... 61&
December..... 767.3
19l|Ii.., 663
191*5... 538
19511 January... .
767.3
191*6.,. *>UU
February....... 790,6
191*7.,. 61*8.8
March.......... 793.1;
191*8... 657.6
April.......... 77U.1
19l*9... 61*3.5
May...... ,... 752.6
1950... 713.5
June...... ... 737.3




Production Trends
Output of motor vehicles in tho United States in 1?50
surpassed all previous levels. The total production of over 8
million units included 6,6 million passenger cars. Although
tho first quarter total was only 1,6 million vehicles, the in­
dustry produced well over 2 million vehicles in each of tho
last three quarters' of tho year. Capacity operations through­
out the entire year, would have resulted in an even higher
total output. Part of this huge demand for motor vehicles was
the result of advance buying in anticipation of future short­
ages. However, the American market has absorbed about 3
jnillion passenger cars each 6 months since the beginning of 19U9*
Production during the first quarter of 1951 was close
to the 1950 level with a total of about 1,980,000 vehicles —
1,6 million passenger cars and 373,000 trucks. Total output
during the second quarter declined by more than 72,000 units
from the first quarter rato. Passenger car production dropped
over 106,000 units, but an increase in truck production partial*
>
offset the decline. Truck production in the second
quarter of 1951 reached nearly l>13,C/00 units — the highest on
record. The previous peak level was attained in the second
quarter of 19U8 when 362,000 trucks wore produced.
Materials restrictions were applied to the production
of passenger cars but not to truck production in the second
quarter. Steel, copper, and aluminum were allocated to manu­
facturers of’passenger cars on the basis of their use of these
metal3 during tho period of January-June 1950, with some modi­
fication for inequities. Steel consumption was held to
slightly less than 00 percent of base period use, copper to
70 percent, and aluminum to 65 percent. Materials limitations
in the second quarter resulted in a smaller unit decline than
these percentages indicate, although by the end of the*, period
some plants were forced to close down for short periods of
time because of the lack of materials.
In July, the National Production Administration began
to allocate the tiiree basic metals — steel, copper and
aluminuiii — to both military and civilian claimants, under the
Controlled Materials Plan, Under present controls, producers
of passenger cars are permitted only enough, steel to make
about 1*2 million units in the third quarter. Individual pro**
dxtcers, although limited in the amounts of material available,
have discretion as to actual output during the period, and may
use their supplies to produce a larger number of light-weight
cars or s smaller number of heavier ones. Truck production of
275>000 units in the third quarter is provided for under the
Controlled Materials Plan. Output by individual producers is
based pn a percentage of this total.




12.

TABLE

II

MOTOR VEHICLE OUTPUT BY QUARTERS, 1949-51
(in .thousands)

Type Veliicle and Period

Number of Vehicles
1949
1950
1951

Passenger care:
First quarter
Second quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter

1,053
1*325
1,575
1,162

1,602
1,343
1,751
1,495
1,895 1/1,200
1,677 1/1,100

Total

5,115

6,666 1/5,397

Average

1,279

1,666 1/1,349

Trucks and busses:
First quarter
Second quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter
Total

323
293
288
225

294
360
352 1/
326 1/

378
413
275
275

1,129

1,332 1/1,341

282

333 1/ 335

First qvvrter
Second quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter

1,376
•1,618
1,863
1,307

1,980
1,637
1,908
2>113
2,^ 4.8 1/1,475
2,005 1/1,375

Total

6,244

8,003 1/6,738

Average

1,561

2,001 1/1,685

Average

TOTAL:

-.. . "viw........... .

1 / Estimated
Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Survey of Current Business.
Data include total factory sales of motor vehicles- produced in
plants in the United States.




Fourth quarter allocations havfo not yet boon announced
for trucks, although it appears likely that some upward adjust­
ment may bo made, particularly if larger quantities of trucks
are scheduled for military deliveries. A further cutback in
passenger car production for th<r fourth.quarter has been
announced, limiting output to about 1.1 million cars. These es­
timates indicate that in 1951 total motor vehicle output will
be slightly higher than in 19lt9 — down about 1*2 million units
from the 8 million peak achieved in 1950, Production of passen­
ger cars will total 5.U million in contrast to last yearns
total «f 6.6 million, but truck output will be about tho same as
in 1950 — lf3 million units.
Replacement parts sales which took a declining pro­
portion of total dollar sales of the automobile industry in 195*0*
increased during the first quarter of 1951, The 1951 production
is expected to be about 10 percent higher than the 1950 total.
Limitations on output of new vehicles tend to stimulate demand
for replacement parts as the average age of vehicle s in use in­
creases, No limitation has been made on mdtal supplies for the
production of replacement parts.
Military Output by the Automobile Industry

Currently defense contracts for military items to be
produced by the automobile industry are estimated t$ total well
over 07 billion. In addition, many aircraft contracts are being
subcontracted to plants now turning ovt automobile engtoe3 and
parts. Output of military equipment by the automobile industry
is increasing. The large expansion, however, is not expected
until well into 1952. The increase in employment resulting
from military contracts has thus frr been obscured by the down­
ward trend of employment in the production of civilian items*
The situation today under partial mobilization differs
from the Nation's experience in World War II, At that time
automobile and truck production for civilian use was completely
curtailed, and existing facilities 'were converted to the manu­
facture of military items. At tho height of World War II
motor vehicles and parts, including comi?t vehicles, represented
only about 32 percent of the industry's total dollar volume of
shipments. Aircraft and parts accounted for 16 percent of total
shipments and aircraft engines nearly lU percent. Remaining
shipments by the industry between July 19U3 ~ June 19UU in­
cluded such diverse items as tanks, guns and mounts,
ammunition, bombs, depth charges, mines and torpedoes, amphibian
combat vehicles and parts, and marine engines, Present nobilization plans call for the production of many of these same
items by tho automobile industry.




1-4.
Several factors tend to create a longer time lag be­
tween the aw?.rdj-ng of a. military .contract and the delivery date
of the scheduled item. One factor is the complexity of design.
of most equipment introduced since World War II, requiring a
longer period of engineering and tooling-up before assembly'
line production can be started. Since no complete curtailment
of civilian automobile production is anticipated, plant facil­
ities must be increased if both military and civilian output
are to be achieved simultaneously. The shortage of machine
tools for these plants has also slowed the transition to
defense production,
Location of the Industry
About three-fourths of all workers in the automobile
industry are employed ,in the tfcjree East North Central States
of Michigan, Ohio, and Indiana. More than half of all Auto­
mobile employment is concentrated in Michigan, However, this
represents a decline from the prewar level when nearly twothirds of all automobile workers were employed in that state.
Other States in which a substantial number of auto­
mobile workers are employed include New York, Wisconsin,
Pennsylvania, California and Illinois,




15*

Industry Employment Reports

MERCHANT MARINE
• • • employment leveling off after rapid expansion

Efnployr-int in the American merchant marine hns increased almost onethird since the outbreak of hostilities in Korea. It climbed from a post­
war low of about 75,000 in June 1950, to about 100,000 by July 1951*
This rapid growth in employment has orented a tight balance between
labor supply and demand. As a result, shortages have appeared in the
following occupations* radio operator, hi»h pressure marine engineer,
able seaman, and in the skilled engine department occupations such as
oiler, fireman, water tender, < nd electrician. To date, however, there
have been' no manpower shortages comparable to those «f World War II?
Moreover, the industry is approaching the- peak of its anticipated pepootine expansion so that few new jobs will be added during the next few
years. During this period the main manpower problem will bo1to find re­
placements for the thousands of men -rho loavo the industry eaoh y<uar.
Merchant Marine Vital to National Defense
The American merchant marine is a vital link in the Nation’s trans­
portation System. In time of war it becomes an indispensable auxiliary
to our Armed Forces. In time of peace it carries cargo and passengers to
and from other countries and our offshore possessions#
In July 1951, the active American merchant marine consistod of about
1,900 deep-sea vessels of 1,000 gross tons or over. Most of the ships are
dry cargo vessels and tankers. About 1,300 of those vessels are privately
owned and operated and the renr.inder government owned. With the exception
of about 160 vessels operated by the Military Sea Transport Service and
government owned ships aro operated by private steamship lines.
Activity Greatest Along; Atlantic Coast
Shipping operations aro scattered along 7,000 miles of coast line in
70 ports v/ith more thin half of the Nation’s shipping activity limited to
16 principal deep sen ports along the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific Coasts.
Greatest sea-borne comrsjrce flews through the Atlantic ports, with Now York
the busiest port in the Nation. Otvher important Atlantic ports are those
in the Philadelphia harbor area, Baltimore, Boston, Norfolk, Charleston,
and Savannah. The Gulf ports handle a substantial volume of cargo, much of
which is petroleum and petroleum products. Chief ports in the Gulf area
are Houston and Galveston, New Orleans, Port Arthur, Mobile and Tampa. On
the West Coast the principal ports aro those in the San Francisco B‘:y aroa,
the San Pedro-Wilmington area, and the Puget Sound and Columbia ^iver pcrts*




Shipping Rises Sharply to Meet Defense Weeds
The outbreak of war in Korea on June 25, 1050, marked a turning
point in the shipping outlook* Shipping activity declined, during thq
period following World War II# While war-stimulated business m s
declining, the world merchant fleet, grew steadily, This brought inten­
sified competition which forced down world shipping rates, By the fall
of 1949 and the: first half of 1950 many Amorican operators found it more
difficult than usual to compete with lower cost foreign operators. As
a result charters were -canceled and American vessels were laid. up. By
June 1950 the American flag fleet tad Shrunk to about 1,400 vessels*
from the more than 4,000 Amerionn flag vessels in operation during World
War II.
Korean hostilities created a sharp damand for additional shipping
space* Ship3 wore needed to transport troops and supplies to the Korean
fighting fronts, to bolster our European defenses, and to help our allies
stock pile strategic materials. Direct military requirements arising
from the war in Korea were not the only reasons for the shipping boom.
A large volume of coal, grain, and foodstuffs had also begun to move to
Europe in the latter part of 1950, some of it Economic Cooperation Admini­
stration aid and much of it finanoed by European countries with their own
funds* On the import side the United States begun to make substantial
imports of petroleum and strategic ores and minerals to build up our
stook piles.
The increased volume of world trade resulted in a shortage of
available ships. This was reflected in the sharp increase of freight
rates, particularly in the unscheduled service. For example, coal moves
to Europe at a rate of |12 per ton compared with $4 per ton before the
outbreak of hostilities in Korea. To meet the demand for shipping spaee
the a'ctive, American flag, oceangoing fleet incroasod from about 1,400
vessels in June 1950 to about 1,900 in July 1951,
The outlook for the latter part of 1951 and for 1952 is dependent
upon many unpredictable factors. If the present tempo of the limited
mobilization program continues through 1952, military and economic re­
quirements throughout the world will necessitate the addition of another
50 to 100 American flag vessels. Economic Cooperation Administration is
carrying on a heavy coal shipment program this summer and in the fall
world grain shipments will pick up. In addition the military require­
ments for a European build-up will strengthen the industry’s position.
By early 1952 the American fleet will level off at about 1,950 to 2,000
ships. This will probably represent the peak of maritime expansion, In
the event of full mobilization the number of ships required would of
course greatly exceed this estimate.




TABLE 1

ESTIMATED AVERAGE MONTHLY EMPLOYMENT ON AMERICAN FLa G MERCHANT VESSELS
1929-51 1/

Averago
monthly
employment 2/

Year

July

1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
193
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951

-

---------- ---------- - - 63,825
- - - - - - ---- - - - - 62,360
- - - - - ---- 57,180
-------- ------------ - - - - 52,600
-------- -------- - ~ 54,620
- - ------ ----- -------------- • 56,295
------ ------------------- - 56,575
-------- - - - -------- -- - - 53,025
7
................. - - - - - 57,170
-------------- -------- 50,905
------ -------- -52,445
- - ------ - - - - - - - - - - 50,975
------ ------ - 50,225
- - - - - - - - - - - ---- ---- 47,650
---------------------- - 76,800
---------- ---------- - - - - 125,755
---------- ------------ ----- 158,755
- ...... ...... ......... - - - 127,175
- - - ---- - - - - - - - - - - - 115,000
------- 3/90,000
- - - - - - - - - - - - - ---- 3/80,000
---- -------- -- 3/62,000
- ------------ - ~
- 3/87,000

l/ Represents personnel on active merchant steam and motor vessels of
1,000 gross tons and over, engaged in deep-sea trades. Includes only com­
bination passenger and ffeight, freight, and tank vessels,
2/ Excludes personnel employed on vessels under bareboat charter, or
owned by Army or Navy,
3/ Includes personnel employed on vessels under barebcat charter.
Source*




United States Maritime Administration

Employment Pp One-Third. Sinco Korean War

Since* the outbroak of hostilities in Korea, anployment has increased
substantially. By July 1951, shipboard employment had climbed to about
100,000, It is expected that by early 1952 the industry will hr&vo 1,950
to 2,000 vessels in activo operation, a gain of from 80 to 100 ships over
the July 1951 figure* From 2,000 to 4,000 seamen will be needod to man
these additional ships based on an averago crew of 40,
Wido fluctuations in employment are chr-racteristio of the ooean
shipping industry. These ups and downs in employment ore associated with
changes in world political and economic conditions and particularly with
war and national deforce needs. War, with its tremendous requirements for
shipping space, causes a .sha rp rise in maritime employment Table 1 shows
that at the peak of World War II employment on American flag merchant
vessels rose to almost 160,000, compared with 50,000 prior to the attack
on Pearl Harbor. The volume of shipping produced for war was far greater
than could be utilized in pcacetimc commerce.and excess ships wore sold
or put into reserve .anchorages, Employment declined steadily to a level
of about 75,000 in June 1950,
Employment Outlook Favorable
Employment levels are oxpcctcd to remain .high for the next few years
if international conditions reca:in tenet;. The long-range employment tread,
however, will bo downward* Many nations are expanding their merchant fleet.
This will intensify world shipping competition and force rates down, Any
substantial drop in the current- rate structure will result in the laying-up
of a number of privately -owned American flag -vessels. Moreover, any reduc­
tions in military sh.ipping needs and Economic Cooperation Administration
requirements would cut down the size of- the activo government owned fleet.
But for the next few years at least, despite the -levelling off of emplcymentf the industry will offer favorable employment opportunities because
of high labor turn over.
Labor Turn Over High
Ocean voyages aro generally long, confining, and hazardous so that
seamen customarily take time off between trips for relaxation ashore*
Such time off may bo for « we ok or' more. Others leave the sea for short
periods of time because of illnoss or for personal or businoss reasons.
Many more tiro of sea life and the frequent spoils of unemployment and
permanently leave the industry for shore employment, On the average,
seamen work about 8 or 9 months in the year, and there is constant move­
ment into and out of the industry at all timos.




19.
To replaco mon v;hc temporarily or permanently leave the industry
there must be a reserve of seamen for naming purposes* Tho sizs of this
reserve is estimated at about 25 to 30 percent of tho total number of men
employed, Actually this reserve forco varies fraa time to tine* In bad
times the reserve force is generally larger than 30 percent because of tho
number of men looking for work, but it is much smaller than 25 percent
when sturitimc employment rises rharply.
Tho pool of potential seamen is far greater than that which vias
available at tho outset of World War II, when nearly 100,000 experienced
workers were brought back to sea according to a Maritime Commission
estimate# Morecvor, the active labor force today is almost twice as
large as that existing in December 19*-1.
World War II experience leaves little doubt that in timo of grave
national peril many experienced sea.ron would return to the aoa to help
meet wartime shipping needs. During the present period of limited mobili­
zation, however, it has been extremely difficult to persuade experienced
men to return* They can be given no assurance of long-term employment
and are thus naturally roluctant to give up sceuro, year-round, shore jobs.
As a result, whenever ship sailings are stepped up it is difficult to re­
cruit experienced non.




EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS

Detailed Report

Statistical Tables
June 1951

CONTENTS

PAGE

Employees in Nonagrlcultural Establishments, by Industry Division.....,.

A:2

Employees in Nonagrlcultural Establishments, by Industry Division
and Group......... .,...................... .
................. ..

A:3

All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing
Industries ........................... ...............................

A; 5

Indexes of Production-Worker Employment and Weekly Pay Rolls in
Manufacturing Industries
.................. ........

A: 10

Employees in the Shipbuilding and Repairing Industry, by Region......

A:11

Federal Civilian Employment and Pay Rolls In All Areas and In
Continental United States, and Total Civilian Government Employment
and Pay Holls in Washington, D, C ................. ......... .

A: 12

Employees in Nonagrlcultural Establishments, by Industry Division,
by State........ .............................. ......... .

A: 13

Employees in Nonagrlcultural Establishments, by Industry Division, in
Selected Areas.,....................... .............. ,...... .

A: 17

Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing Industries............ .

A:22




Data for the 2 most recent months
shown are subject to revision

!

##*#****##*
Explanatory notes outlining briefly the !
concepts, methodology, and sources used |
in preparing data presented in this re- 1
port appear in the appendix. See pages J
i - viii.
__________ ______________ j

A:2
TABLE 1?

Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry Division

(In thousands)

Contract
con*
struction

Manufac­
turing

Pransportation and
public
utilities

Finance * Service

Govern­
ment

Annual
average:
1939
li&O
1941
1942
19^3
1944

30.287

845

32.031
36,164
39.697
42,042
41,480

916

19^5
1946
19^7
1948
1949
1950

l|-0,069
41,412
43,371
4^,201
43.006
44,124

826
852

1.132
l,66l

9^3

1.982

981

2.165
2.156

* 2 ,9 2 6

43,311
43.945

939
940
946

44,096

922

45,o8o
45,684

950
946
939
938
937

947
983
917
883

932
904

1,150
1,294
1.790

2,170
1.567
1.094

2.318

10,078
10,780

6,612

1.382

6,940
7,416
7.333
7.189

7.260

1,419
1,462
1,440
1,401
1,374

7,522

1,394

8,602

1.586

14,146
14,884

3.872
4.023
4.122
4,151
3,977
4,010

14,162
14,413
14,666

3.928
3,885
4.023

9.346
9.326
9.411

1.803

14,777
15.450
15.685
15.327
15.765
15.789

4,062
4,120
4.139
4,132
4.123
4,125

9.390
9.^74
9,641
9,752
9.896
10,443

1.831
1.837
1.827

4.072
4,082
4,112
M 32

9.592
9.554
9,713
9,627

4,138
4,161

9.676

12.974
15.051
17,381

1 7 .1 1 1
15,302
14,461
15.247

15.286

2,912
3.013
3.248
3.433
3.619
3.798

9.196
9,491
9.438
9.524

3,321
3,477
3.705
3,857
3.919
3.934

3.987
4,192
4,622
5.431
6,049

4,055
4,621
4,786
4,799
4.782
4,761

5.967
5.607
5.^54

4,757
4.790
4,826

5.915
5.900
5.832
5.741
5.793
6,oo4

1,821
1,820
1.828

4,841
4,827
4,816
4,757
4,723
4,694

1.831

4,666

1,839
1.854
1,865
1.875
1.893

4.557

1,641

1,716
1.763

1,812

6,026

5,613
5,811
5,910

19^0
Apr..
May..
June.
July.
Atfg. .
Sept.
Odt..
Nov..
Dec..

45.898
45.873
46,595

2.076
2.245
2,414
2.532
2.629

2,626
2.631
2.571
2.403

125k

Jan.,
Feb..
Mar,.
Apr..
May..
June;

2,281
2,228
2,326

15,784
15,978

45,850

932
930
924

45,998
46.232
46,563

911
913
923

2.471
2,592

15,955
15.873
15,964

45.246
45.390

2,683

16,022

9,728

See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.




1,812
1.827

4,682
^.745
4,788
4,834

6,039
6,037
6,376

6,088
6,122
6,217
6,292
6 ,377
6,377

A: 3
TABLE 2:

Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry
Division and Group

(In thousands)
r ....----April

June

**6,563

;46,232

45,998

**3,9^5

;43.311

923

913

911

946

940

105.4
70.2
378.6

103.5
70.4

103.8
67.6
381.9
254.6
103.1

101.8

99.9
76.1
413.1
253.9
97.3

__ June__
TOTAL
MINING
Metal mining
Anthracite
31tuninous-coal
Crude petroleum and natural gas production
Nonmetallie mining and quarrying

2,683
538

Highway and street
Other nonbuilding construction

j 2,592
:

2,1*15

926

GENERAL CONTRACTORS

1.219

SFECIAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
Transportation
Interstate railroads
Class I railroadsLocal railways and bus lines
Trucking and warehousing
Other transportation and services
Air transportation (common Carrier)

460

493

442

181.3 •
278 .6/

213.5
279.3

260.0

89I

848

827

j 1,193

1,163

1,094

289.3

291.5
167.5
142.1
592.2

155.9
139.1
578.4

182.4

1,803

j

i 1,037

267.4
140.0

257.1
126.7

127.6
558.6

766

122,0

j

530.8

14,666

114,413

9,606

1 8,987

6,958

j 6,886

9,003
6»952

7,964
6.702

1 7,809
6,6 04

4,l6l

4,138

4,132

4,023

: 5.885

2,912

2.813
1.407
1,240
147
577

! 2,685

619

2,909
1,463
1,287
144
624

684

678

682

2,922

\

1.470
1.295
142
617

, 1^65
j 1,291
144
j

79.*

686

680

637.2
48.3

630,3
48.8

See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.




2,245

15,955

693
82,6

j
j

2,414

1.921

.!

May

I 15.873

15.96**

DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS

258.9
100.0

2,011

173.8
146.2
598.8

MANUFACTURING

j
i

75.3
410.4

! 2,084

300.2

Plumbing and heating
Painting and decorating
Electrical work
Other £T>ecial~trade contractors

508

. 2.471

213.8 :
294,6

230.3
307.7

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

;

255,9
105.8

107.9

NONBUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Communication
Telephone
Telegraph

377.3

260.6

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION

1950
i

1951
May

Industry division and group

78.5

678
629.0
48.4

74.6

1 1.296
j 1,155
1
149
!
562
!
678
|
74.6

662
614.6
46.7

659
610.7
i

**6.9

A:V
TABLE 2 i

Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry
Division and Group (Continued)

(In thousands)

Industry divisleft and group

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
(Continued)
Other public utilities
Gas and electric utilities
Electric- light and power utilities
Gas utilities
Electric light and gas utilities
combined
Local utilities, not elsewhere classified

1952
j June__

.Banks and trust companies
Security dealers and exchanges
Insurance carriers, and agents
Other finance agencies and real estate

527.1
235.0
H7.9 i

546
521.1
232.5
116.0

545
519.8
231,9
115.6

548
522.3
235.2
115.5

541
515*8
232.5
113.1

1
;

174.2 :
25.5 |

172.6
24.9

172.3
25,4

171.6

170.2

25.6

25.0

GOVERNMENT
Federal JL/
State and local

9,728

9.676

9,627

9.411

9,326

2,580

.
: 2,567

2,579

2,502

2,479

7,109

7,048

1; 1,472

1,453
1,264

6,847
1,412
1,204
714
533

1,812

' 7,148
:M 5 7

1.269
71*8
548

549
3,077

739
542
: 3,050

6,909
1,411
1,205
733
536
3,024

1.875

1,865

1,827

1.269
742
j
;

1 3.126
1
. 1,893

451
63.9

427

664
695

662
688

646
694

4 ,83^

4,788

4,745

4,826

4,790

j

479

451

445

482

451

i
|

365.0
161.0

359.6
158.5

354.4
153.0

362.1

353.7

155.9

150.1

248

249

249

249

236

! 6,377
|

6,377

6,292

5,832

5,900

1 2,271
1 4,106

2,244
4,133

4,091

| 1,851
| 3,981

4,010

1

460

63 .8 ;
671
698

2,201

See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.
1/

Fourth class postmasters are excluded here but are included in Table 6 .




2,984

452
63.8

|
i
!
!

1

Motion pictures

Hay

55 ?

|

Laundries
Cleaning and dyeing plants

June

!
;
!

SERVICE
Hotels and lodging places

j

it

Wholesale trade

FINANCE

1950
April

•
i

TRADE

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Pood and liquor stores
Automotive and accessories dealers
Apparel and accessories stores
Other retail trade

Hay

60.0

t

421
59.2
640

692

1,890

A:5
TABLE 3:

All Employees and Production Workers In Mining and Manufacturing Industries

(In thousands)
...

1 June
MINING
METAL MINING

ANTHRACITE
BITUMINOUS-COAL

1951
i_ JMay __ ;April

923

913

105,4

103.5

38.6

Iron mining
Copper mining
Lead and zinc mining

Production workers
1951
j ....
| June
iApril
I May

.

Industry group and industry

911

i

--

!

—

103.81
i

92.8

9 1 .2

91.7

34 .4
25.2
1 7.8

33.8

33.1

24.8
17.3

25.3
17.6

66,0

66.1

63.6

353.7

352,8

357.4

28.9
20.4

37.7
28.5 I
19.9
i

70.2

70.4

36.9
28.91
20 .2 i
11
67.6 1

■378.6

377.3

381 .91!
t

CRUDE PETROLEUM 'AND NATURAL GAS
PRODUCTION

260 .6

Petroleum and natural gas production
(except contract services)

254,6

--

NONME*PALLIC MINING' AND QUARRYING

107.9

MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS

255.9

i
|

105.8

103.1 |

15.964

15.873

15,955

i 9,006
j
6,958

8,987
6,886

9,003
6,952

--

j

129.7

125.6

124.9

94.8

93.0

90.2

113,058:

13,004

13.108

i 7.^12
1 5.646

7,417
5.587

7.445

1

5.663

1

ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES

41.9
1.538

POOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Dairy products
Canning and preserving
Grain-mill products
Bakery products
Sugar
Confectionery and related products
Beverages
Miscellaneous food products
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES

296.5
I

!
i

!
f

1

157.9
179.5
128.4

39.9
1.483
291.7
150.3

162,6
123.1

37.7
1,466

291.6
143.7
153.3’

126.1
286.2
28,6

289.5
29.8

286.5

90.4

90.6
213.8

210,0

135.0

134.5

226.0
139.7

29.3

82

81

i

25.7

1

40.5
11.9
4.3

92,1

33.8
1,144
232.7
115.1
153.7
95.8
191.9
24.6
73.5
155.2
101.7

32.1
1,097
229.3

109.0
136.4
90.3

189.4
24.1
73-7
145.8
99.1

30.3

1,085
229,2
103.1
128.0
93-8
189.7
23.5
75.3
143.4
99.2

83

76

74

25.4

25.6

23.1

40,8

12.1

37.2
10.5
3.6

38.6

12 .1

23.3
38.3
10.3
3.6

22.9

39-3

76

i
Cigarettes
Cigars
Tobacco and snuff
Tobacco stemming and redrying

4.4

4.8!

See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.




10.5
4.0

TABLE 3:

All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued,

(In thousands)

Production workers

All employees
Industry group and Industry

1
TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS
Yarn and thread mills
Broad-woven fabric mills
Knitting m i l l s
Dyeing a:*id finishing textiles
Carpets* rugs, other floor coverings
Other textile-mill products

1,295
i
j

1
1

May

June

|1.301

168.4;

613,8
235.2i
89 .6 !
55*o|
132.7;

170.8
603 .6
241.2

90.8
5&.5
135.6

i April

1.309

1 June
1
1 1.199
j

171.2
599.1 1
250.1 1
87.6
61.0
140.3

160.2

50.6

567.3
230.3
77.6
53.2

120.3

125.0

79.1;
47.1!
117.5:

148.6
|
!
i
I

132 .5 ; 134.6

138.2

280.2

247.5:
256.4:
86.3!
14.5
59.7i
85.7i
1 17 .6;

252.9
251.3
89.I
14.6
56.3

261.1

82.7
119.0

94.9
17.5
59.5
83 .I
125.4

815

778

770

752

79.0!
459.4;
:
107 .5;
7 5 .9!
56 .6:

76.5
452.2

442.5

107.5
76.3
57.3

107.7
76.3
58.5

302

317

301.5
105.7 |
20.0 j!
6i>.4
94.9
148.1

835

83.4492.3

486.3

70.3
473.7

122.9
81.7

122.7

123.4 i

82.3

82.5

6^.9

63.4

64.8

80.5

1

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
|

i

335

349

227.6
107.5

240.4

366

256.0
108.6 ! 109.5

See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.

00

843

ro

Logging camps and contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated
structural wood products
Wooden containers
Miscellaneous wood products




:! 1,047

267.4

1

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
FURNITURE)

Household furniture
Other furniture and fixtures

265 *6 ; 271.7
290*7
285.6
99.6
96 .9!
1 7 .0 ;
17.1
62.0
65.5:
98 .0 :
94.4
159 .5 ! 141.0

;1,001

152.0

CO

Men's and boys1 suits and coats
Men*s and boys* furnishings and work
clothing
Womens outerwear
Women*s, children’s under garments
Millinery
Children’s outerwear
Fur goods and miscellaneous apparel
Other fabricated textile products

1,000

1,168

80.3

i

1

!1,120

1,214

159.9

157.3'

11

1.119

April

583 .l1 572.8
215 .2 ! 221.6

j

APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE
PRODUCES

May
;
:1,206

199 .1 : 212.0
88.8 j 89.8

66.5

226.8
90.5

A:7
TABLE 3:

All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)

(In thousands)

Industry group and industry

‘
j

__

All employees
____[___ Production workers
1951___________L— ___
1951 __
April
May
June
May
| April i June

502

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS

4?8

! 500

427

424

427

213.0
117.0
94.3

212.4
118.7
95.4

1
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Other paper and allied products
PRINTING* PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED
INDUSTRIES
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Commercial printing
Lithographing
Other printing and publishing
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS

250.7

136.5
■

114.5

246.2
245.5
137.2 :
; 139.1
114.4
115.7

i

216.3
| 116.6
!
94.1

iI

1

761

760

757

I 511

510

510

299.5
52.2
49.4
206.2

299.9
52.5
49.0
204.9
41.1

297.1

152.0

150.6

34.5
35.8

35.4

167.8

167.9

112.2

32.1
87.3

32.2

112.1

152.5
3 3 .7
i
35.9
1 168.7
3 2 .1
!
88.1

742

749

41.1
112.7
742

52.8
49.1
204.8
41.3

528

531

36.0

e7.5

538

1

Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial organic chemicals
Drugs and medicines
Paints, pigments, and fillers
Fertilizers
Vegetable and animal oils and fats
Other chemicals and allied products
PRODUCTS OP PETROLEUM AND COAL

83.6

81.7
225.3

81.0

31.3
47.8
167.1

36.4
49.1

224.2
105.3
76.3
40.1
51.7

167.2

170.6

2m

260

258

228.7
107.1

76.8

106.0
76.6

60.7
1 171.5
!
70 .7
50.1

!

59.5

169.6
70 .1
4 9.9

59.2
168.4
69.7
49.8

24.6

29.6

36.2

37.5

33.4
40.3

114.6

115.2

117.0

197

194

194

153.3
19.1
24.8

150.7

18.7

150.2
18.6

24.4

24.8

221

219

i
Petroleum refining
Coke and 'byproducts
Other petroleum and coal products
RUBBER PRODUCTS
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber footwear
Other rubber products
LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS
Leather
Footwear (except rubber)
Other leather products

210.9
22.0
3 1 .1

208.2
21.6

205.7

30.5

30.7

273

271

21.5

270

112.2
113.8
31.2 ; 30.8
128.4 | 128.0

111.7
30.3
128.4

89.7

88.2

25.7
105.3

25.4

105.8

87.4
24.8
106.3

382

392

343

331

353

42.7
210.3
77.6

44.4
224.9
84.1

370

47.0 ; 47.6
244.0 ; 232.7
90.8 | 89.2

49.1
247.4
95.9

See explanatory notes, sections A~G, and the glossary for definitions,




219

42.3
| 221.0
| 79.8

A: 8

TABLE 3:

All Employees and Production Workers In Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
All employees_______j
Production _wor!cers^
I
1951
1951
April
^April___ : June
June
May
1 May

Industry group and industry

562

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS

560

559

1

^85

484

483

129.5
37.3
84.8
54.0

131.1
36.5

132.0
.36.3
8I .7
55.2
85.4

i

147.0

Glass and glass products
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Other stone, clay, and glass products

**3.5
93.3
59.8
102.3

116.2

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES

1,354

60.5

61.0

101.2

100.5

116.4

116.1

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)

1,344

1.345

1,161

92.8
1,161

1
253.5

56.4

47.8

46.4

47.2

99.7

103.1

110.9

1

93.0

84.9
93.3

146.5

|

82.5
91.1
123.6

81.3

110.9

123.0

122.5

843

850

859

43.6
137.2

42.9
138.3

43.1
140.3

128.6

130.1
178.8

132.8

177.2
158.9
197.6

161.9
197.7

166.4
198.3

644.8

283.6

282,6

57.2

55.6

100.7
109.4
148.4

147.6

i
i
1

570.5

251.5

1
1.019

1.026

i

1,033

162.3

49.1
163.9

49.4
I65 .O

ij

157.8

159.3

227.6

229.9

161.6
228.1

|

185.8
236.1

188,5

192.6

11

235.4

236.4

i

49.7

i

1I

177.7

i

!

j 1,620
*
!

1
i
i

1
1
I

i
I
!

91.5
196.1
121.0
296.5
198.4
230.2
105.6
176.5
204.4

1,604
89.9
193.2

1,256

88.8

118.5

193.1
117.0

2S0.4

287.0

197.6

197.1
226,8

228.2

1

1.592

104.7
179.9

103.3
179.7

201.2

199.2

See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.




1,169

5^.7
85.7
92.9

561.6

647.4

1

Engines and turbines
Agricultural machinery and tractors
Construction and mining machinery
Metalworking machinery
Spec^al-industry machinery (except
metalworking machinery)
General industrial machinery
Office and store machines and devices
Service-industry and household machines
Miscellaneous machinery parts

86.8
92.6

83.0

564.5
252.3

653.5
264.7

i

i

MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)

j
!
i
i
|
j

i

Blast furnaces, steel works, and
rolling mills
Iron and steel foundries
Primary smelting and refining of
nonferrous metals
Rolling, drawing, and alloying of
nonferrous metals
Nonferrous foundries
Other primary metal industries

Tin cans and other tinware
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Heating apparatus (except electric)
and plumbers1 supplies
Fabricated structural metal products
Metal stamping,* coating, and
engraving
Other fabricated metal products

91.0

148.8
42.4
89.7

148.1
42.6

!
J;
j
i
]
i
!
i
■
!
;

68.8
152.9
90.9
233.6
150.7
166.9
88.7
139.9
163.5

1,246
67.9
151.7

88.9
228.8
149.7 ;
165.7

1,239

67.0
151.8
87.8
226.7

150.0
164.7

88.2

86.9

143.6
161.4

144.1

160.1

A: 9
TABLE 3:

All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)

(In thousands)

Production workers

Electrical generating, transmission,
distribution, and industrial
apparatus
Electrical equipment for vehicles
Communication equipment
Electrical appliances, lamps, and
miscellaneous products
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Automobiles
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and parts
Aircraft propellers and parts
Other aircraft parts and equipment
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Other transportation equipment
INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic apparatus
Watches and clocks
Professional and scientific
instruments
13CELLANE0US MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

I'
|
i
j

1951

1951

June

j
1i

ELECTRICAL MACHINERY

i
!

May

April

934

VO
V>l
ro

Industry group and industry

941

!

June

I

705

i

718

1
1

i
i

1

266.4

343.6

275.9 i 270.6
67.2
67.5
240.5 ; 248.6

151.9

120.9 i 122.2

123.6

377.0;1 370.1
82.4!i 82.0
325.0 j
I 329.3
!

365.0

142.6
1.519

150.7
1,512

675.7
447.6
302.9

892.7
427.4

87.0

84.2
10.4
44.6
109.0
94.2
14.8

1 0 .?

•*7.5

112.0
97.3
1^.7
73.1
10.9
299

28.0
60.5

288.2

72.0
11.2
297

28.1

|

;

80.8

1,520

j 1,232

913.9
415.9
281.7

737.3
330.4
224.4

81.1
10.2

61.2
7.3
37.5
97.6
84.3
13.3
57.8
9.1

42.9

108.6
93.8
14.8

7 0 .1
11.9

223

295

28.0
58.6

43.9

34.5

34.2

59.0
33.9

176.5

175.7

173.4

479

487

500

22.8

j1.231

66.1
261.5

1,243

752.6
317.4
215.6
59.3
7 .4
35 .1
94.6
81.4
13.2
57.0
9.3

774.1
309.3
211.3
57.1
7.4

222

221

33-5
9^.3

81.1
13.2
55.5

10.0

23.1
42.8

28.8

23.0
42.9
28.4

127.4

127.5

125.7

399

410

422

]
|

29.2

l
i

Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Toys and sporting goods
Costume jewelry, buttons, notions
Other miscellaneous manufacturing
industries

50.6

52.4
77.3
55*8

54.9
78.9

300.4 : 301.1

305.6

74.9
53.3

60.8

i

See explanatory notes, sections A*G, and the glossary for definitions.




41.4

43.1

65.5
44.7

67.6

45.3
69.4

47.1

51.9

247.8

251.7

255.7

A: 10
TABLE 4 t

Indexes of Production Worker Employment and Weekly Payrolls In
Manufacturing Industries

(1939 Average = 100 )

Period

Annual average:
1939

1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950

1950
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December,

ProductIon-worker
employment Index

Production-worker
pay-roll Index

100.0

100.0

107.5
132.8
156.9
183.3
178.3

113.6

157.0
147.8

164.9
241.5
331.1
343.7

156.2

293.5
271.7
326.9

155.2
141.6
149.7

325.3
371.7

351.4

141.6
144.5
147.3

337.2
348.0
362.7

148.3
156.3
158.9

367.5
394.4
403.2
415.8
414.6
426.0

160.3
159.2
159.4

1951
January
February
March
April
May
June

158.9
161 .O
161.0
160*0

158.7
159.4

See explanatory notes, section D, and the glossary for definitions.



424.*
430.0
435.0
433.2
428,8
435.7

A: 11

TABLE 5:

Employees in the Shipbuilding and Repairing Industry, by Region 1/

(In thousands}

Region
June

1950

1951
Hay

April

June

May

ALL REGIONS

221.4

216.9

214.8

134,8

132.4

PRIVATE

97.3

<A.2

93.8

66.4

66.2

124.1

122.7

121.0

68.4

66 • 2

101,0

99.9

97.6

68.0

65*8

45a
55.9

44.6

43.2
54.4

37.0

35-7

55.3

3 1 .0

30a

38.5

3T.2

37.5

22.8

22.8

15.1
23.4

14.1
23.1

14.6
22.9

7.9
14,9

14.3

18.0

16.2

17.1

9.3

8.9

53.^

53.^

52.0

28.5

28.4

NAVY
NORTH ATLANTIC
Private
Navy
SOUTH ATLANTIC
Private
Navy

8*5

GULF:
Private
PACIFIC
Private
Navy

8.6

9*1

6*6

44.3

8.3
43.7

6,0

44,8

22.5

21*8

6.1

5,8

6,2

2.1

2.4

4.4

4.4

4.4

4.1

4.1

GREAT LAKES:
Private
INLAND:
Private

1/
The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following
states: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey,
New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont.
The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following
states: Georgia, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina.
The Gulf region includes all yards bordering on the Gulf of Mexico in the following states;
Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas.
The Pacific region includes all yards in California, Oregon, and Washington.
The Great Lakes region includes all yards.bordering on the Great Lakes in the following
states: Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York# Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin,
The Inland region includes all other yards.



A:12

TABLE 6 : Federal Civilian Employment and Pay Rolls in All Areas and in Continental United States,
and Total Civilian Government Employment and Pay Rolls in Washington, D. C. 1/
(In thousands)

Employment
Fay rolls
(as of first of month)
{total for month)
— ---- — ~
----- --- ” * ~---- '
------ ---- *— rrr:------------„ 1?51
_________ 1951___
_ June
_May
April
J u n e _____May__ _ April__

„„
Area and br&ngh

All Areas
TOTAL FEDERAL
Executive
Defense agencies
Post Office Department 2/
Other agencies
Legislative
Judicial

2,462.3
2,450.1
1,237.5
491.2
721.4
8.3
3.9

2,432.6
2,420.5
1 ,212.1
492.1
716.3

2,385.5
2,373.5
1 ,180.0
488.4
705.1

8.2

8 .1

3.9

3.9

2 ,263.9
2 ,251.9
1 ,089.8
490.3
671.8
3 .2
3.8

2 ,219.9
2 ,£o'8 .o

271.4
20.1
251.3
242.4

268.5
20.3
248.2239.4

83.6

82.2

7.8

7.8
149.4

$702,517
697.505
346,264
131,634
219,607
3,379
1,633

$742,529
737,428
370,700
131,353
235,375
3,338
1,763

$687,876
683,273
337,876
129,796

661,940

698,694

656,-972
318,668
131,128

693,633
340,465

648,017
643,454

207,176
3,379
3-589

222,323
3,338
1,718

203,539
3,197

94,033
5,573
83,460
84,779
29,619
2,940

104,400
5,883
98.517.
94,863

91.887
5,618
86,269
82,781

31,082

28,739
2,855

215,601
3,197
1,406

TOTAL FEDERAL
Executive
Defense agencies
Poet Office Department 2
Other agencies
Legislative
Judicial

/

2,290.5
2 ,2.7 8 .4
1,113.3

489.3
675.8
8 .3
3.8

1,059.7
486.6

661.7
8.1
3.8

O
«
CO
vn
O

Continental
United States

310,605
129,310

1,366

Washington, D, C.
TOTAL GOVERNMENT
D. C. government
Federal
Executive
Defense agencies
Post Office Department
Other agencies
Legislative
Judicial

272.4

20.0
252 A
2 *3 A

83.9
7 .7
151.8
8.3
.7

151.0
8.2
.7

8 .1
.7

See the glossary for definitions.
1/

Data for Central Intelligence Agency are excluded.

2/

Includes fourth class postmasters, excluded from Table 2.




52,220
3,379

302

2.946
60,835
3.338
3lo

51,187
3,197
291

A*13
TABLE 7*

-- -----— .~1
State
..
nlabama
Ari zona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware 1 /
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Idaho.
Illinois 1 /
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
ousi ana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts

{4

Mi chi gar. 2/
Iviinnesota
Mississippi
Missouri 1 /
Montana
Nebraska 1 /
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
Now Mexico
New York \J
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio 1/
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
U-fcah 2 /
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

Employees in N onagri cultural Establishments by Industry Division^
by otate
(I n thousands)

-w
1
June

634.3
177.2
303.4

"fotsi
.......
May..

959

j I
. ,.
1 June

625.5
176
.9
307.6
3, 392.4

820.6

596,5
15^.7
295.0
3
, 165.7
372*8
339.3
818,2 759.3

519.4
681.2

517,2
693.8

h W ,o
373.8

827.9

!lining
.......1951 _________
June 1 May

829,5

22,3
12,2
6,6
34.3 .
9.3

22,9
12.3
6.6
35.2
8.9

2/

481,4
643,4
770.8

y
6/1
4.5
45.4
5.2

139.6
3, 136.3
208.6 3, 132.4
106,6
31,25,0,4
,2
.31,*
1, 290.0 1, 230,7
620,4
612.1 594,1
490.8 462.2
497.7

. 14.5
2.3
17.7

2/
y
&

4.5
4•55.4
*0
■13. 4.
2,2
. 17.?

57.6

270.1

743.3
1,804.3

823.9
1,210.9
153.9

260.4 261,1
696,5
1, 801,0 1, 733,5
1, 201,7
151.3

18,3

18.3

9.2
10
,0

8,9
10,1

•7

732.4

815.9

y

57.5
25.3
.7
2.5
V

26,2

783.3
1,147.1
■153.6

323.8 313.9 .! y
55*4 |
6,9 167.2 1 3.5
171.2 1656.3
♦3
1,679.8 1, 6
00,4 1 3.7
1,667.5
147,4 ! 13.1
15$* 3
154,9.
5, 689,0 5, 505.8 ■i 11.5
5,721.3
924,6
917,4
873.6 l 3.6
116.1 114,6 114,4
1 1,0
498.0 494.1 472.7 !I 44,0
327.7
57.8

457.1
3,738,6
299.2
474,2

118.0

2, 750.5
015,4
: m.h
101.4
837.1

3, 723.8
301,1
470,4

116.2

752.5
1,594,2
204.5
100,0

829.5
1! 726.5
717.9
534,6
537.6
1, 08554,4
,3 1, 08423.6
,0

*51.:3,541.7
285.9
440.2
120.6
723.4
1,884,5
187,2

|
;
*
I
1

96,2

775.3
673.0
521,3
997.6
85,4

j
i
'
;
1

1.8
161,1

y

1,0
2,1
12#5

115,3
12*6
1*2
22*5

3y^
.3
3.9
12,4
11.2
3.6
.9

.

¥
67o
4.0

5.6

y
1.1
2.1
12.5

111,3
12.4
1.2
22.5

3.8
8.9

44,1

42.1

4o,8

25.2
66.3
52.1

64.7

25.2
52.6

25.4
59.6
42,3

5.5
57.2

y

17.2
8.2
10.4

10,1

69,1

79.6

44,9

42.3

40,5

57.6
13.4

13.0
16.8

55.8

52.0

19.7

34.4

31.7

88.0
16,8
2641,6
3.5

3.5
.6

14.6
12.2
146,6
155.8
53.0
" 59.5
34.0 ■
33.6
33.0
34.5

6.7
57.5
68.0

17.4
3.9
7.5

y
3.0
♦3
3.S
11.7
10,8

10.4
33.8

55.8

12.9

5.0
8.3
79.4
1S.8
229.6
239.5
58.9 45.8
10,5
9.4
4.1
,7.0
37.4
16.4

28.9
29.0
176.0 1627*3
6,5 163.4
16,3 16,3 14.8

y
1.1

33.7
7.4

2,6

3.2
126.8
3.5
9.4

32.7

36.7

.7
2.3

12,9
105.3
12,6
1,1
24,4

34.5

38,0

17.2
6
263.8
.9

27.7
11.8

20,4
221,1
20,4

15,0
163.3 >
64,4

47.5
14.6
2.8

1.5
191.6

30.1

14.0
25.5

26.0
234,0 230,7

y

1.7
178.0

Contrr ct Construction
1950 ,
1951
Jung 1 wfoy
June
30.1
14,0

11,6
6.1
33.3
9.2

42,4

See footnotes at end of table and explanatory notes, sections 0 and H*




26,0

44,1

2.8 2.9
125,5 125.1
3.9
9.0

l9§0 ....1
June

!:
i!
I!
;1
1
I
ii
j1
'•
||

30.5
6.5

25.3
10,1

44,8

47.1

3.7

13.1
4,1
53.1

45,7
0,0 139.0
162.7 16
l4.o
15.0
4.1

61.5
45.9
19.5
47.7

6.9

60,3
44.7
19.5
44.7

6,3

46,7

21.2

43.3
8.6

A :l4

TABLE 7*

finployees In

Nor:agricultural Establishments by Industry Division,

i>y State
(in thousands)

Manufacturing

State

1951

jilabaJna
Ari zona
itrk&n'sas
California
Colorado

50.1
21*2

842.1

32.1

850,0

62.4

61.1

30.9
302.2

44.3

31.8
311.1
43.4

417.3
50.6

418.0

366.8

41.9

41.4

45.9

42.1

5O0I

16.4
90.1
274,2

30.4
66.2
70.2

30.2
66.6
70,2

65.0
64.2

178.6

23.0
23.3
1,210.3 1,155.9
569.6
597®°
150,2
159.4

301.2
112.5

17.5

17.2
29V.1
112,5

16,5
296.6
10C.5

60?. 3

662.7

33.8

33.3
671.1

241.4

240.1
166.5

161.8

^5.3

Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts

76.5

17.0
100.8
290,1

75.2
731.0

91.6

145.9

144.7

136.9
IO9.5

136.2

140.1

111,5
223.6

1 ,126.6
206,1
88.7
373.2
17.2

1.133-7

1 .108.7
l?o.5

55.2
3.5

53.1
3.4

bo.i

766,0
13.3
1,885.fr

417.0

6.2
1,286,3

73.5
152.2
1 ,498.0
147.6
216.8
11.2

736.6

202.5
90,5
367.4
16.9

664,9

1

May

22.6

! Junu

41.7

34.5

19.1
70.7
125.7

97.2

87.7
25.4

98.4
25.5

18.5

128.3

766.1

711.6

139.4

13.3

11.7

| 141.5
j l5»6

16.5

1 ,870.0 1 ,750.5

! 486.9

487.2

485.5

8.8
10.7

1 60.6

25.5

128,4
23.3

122,9
22.5

■
45.1
8,6

41.6

10,7

60.2

5ft,l

14.9

14.6

14.3
49.6

72.2

66.6

j 4«.8

49.1

144.7

147.0

I 48.9
1 352.7
! 15.5
1 26.4
j 11.7

43.2
353.3
15.2

176.8

118.0

110,7

209.4

208.7

206,7

303.6
37.0

302.4
36.5

296,0

! >2.4
! u .8
! 28.8
1 275.7
i 35.5

92.3
11.4

90,6

145.0 144.8
49.8 49.4
43.5
143.9
145.5 143.2
364.2
368,2 366.4

;

28.5
273.4
35*1

123.4
100.7

53.1

85.'0

86.1

11.5

34.6

34.4

60.I
214.5

57.9
216,4

21.8

21.0

163.5
515.5
45.5

9.0
79.1

I63.3
515.8
i 46.1
17.9
174.4
160,4

155,5

240.6

383*9

29.1

34+.0
27.2

60,1
216,1
22,2

236.7

3!?.2

234.7

34.9

218.2

9.2

61.9

80.0

Washington
Wost Virginia

195*3
142.8

69.8

457.2
6.1

175.3
131.4
4l8,4

! 70.0

Wisconsin

190.4
141.6
452.7
5.9

1 79.1
j 16.1
!

77.1
15.8

9.0

5V.3

See footnotes at end of table and explanatory notes* sections 0 and H#

46.6

64.2
51.5
7<>.3
15.2

20# 0

273.3
33.3

121.8

52.5

259.4

U .6

122.8

101,9
675.0

330.7
30.5
39.3

37.3

[1 ,238.1 1,234,8 1 ,225,6
162.1
! 166.6
165.7
36.3
36.9

103.4

26.9

H7.7

114,7

145 .,0

676.6

256.1

54.7

204,4

337.7
15.6
25.5
11.4

i’eniiesSoe

6,1

90.5
190.2
171.5

72.3

18.9

;

j

90.8

197.5

71.7
126.4

8.5
10.5
136.8
15.6

11.1

130.1

114,2

44.1

204. 2
11.4

133.7

57.8
7M

50.,0
3.3

214.5

133.8

59.5
78.6

23.9

1 ,502.9 1,375.3
149.9
139.7

785.3
90.9

60,0
80.I

130.0

412.8
399.3
6.1
5.9
1,234.5 1 ,173.1

-■4.0

04.1

19.0

75.7

95.9

166.7
118.1

63.1

84..0
342.6

79.0

70.9
790.7

91.3

29.4

43.7

795.7

62.1
61.9

1 64.2

133.7

248.7

254.8
735.4

312.0

54.7

110,0

115.6

22,8

!

Texas
Utah
Ve rmont
Virginia




117.6
40.6
71.0

52.3

Kentucky

Wyoming

121* J

52.3

Kansas

Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
outh Dakota

121.6
43.4
69.9

209ol
X5..2

597*9

ji

Juno

216.1
18.3

162.1
113.6

New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma

-lay

224,0
13.'/

25.3

Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico

1252__

Juno.

June

1 ,216.7

Michigan
Mihnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana

1951

June

288,5

Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa

Trade

j

May

17.1
99.5

lorida
rgia

Trans, & Public Utile
.1.951..-.... L l?59

June

78.0

Connecticut
Delav/arc.District of Columbia

:

1950

87.5
■ 211,0
i

18.6

17.6

173.1

05.6
209,6
17.2

664.1

51.0
81.1
36.8
159.4

501.0
44,4

18,2
166.7
155.7
84,9-

207,3
18.1

A:15
ThBLE 7$

Employees In Nonagri cultural Establishments by Industry Division,
by State
(In thousands)

Finance
State

June
Alabama
Arizona
kansas
difomia
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Mlchi gem
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
Naw Hampshire
Now Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
lorth Dakota
io
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota

17.7
5.7

8.0

153.3

I May

17»7
5*7
7.9
152.3

2 E

June

17.2
5.3

7.7

142.^

Service
1951
i 1950
June i May [ June

89.2

66,3
10,7
272.9
120*1

66.1
10.8
271.3
120.2

65.0
10.0
238.7
113.6

7^.7

133.3

133.2

114.8

24,0
24.2
327*2 327.0
l4o,5 I'll.2
94,6
95»’+
82.0
8o,4

305.5
126,4
9?, 6

36.9

37.0

37,1

80,1

79.1*

78.2

2jl.4

23.3

22.3

25.*+

24.7

29.7
25.1

59.1
59.'+
94.3 100,1
75.3 75.4

3*8
149,6

3*8
146.9

3.8
147.3

35.8

35.1

34.2

91.6

18.0

17.3

23.3
16.4

68.4
47.9

15.5

15.2
1?.8

14.8

56.6
68.7

24.3
20.1

23.8

19-

6.8

6.8

31.3

30.4

30.4

81.6

60.7

77.5

37.1

36.8
4.1

35.8
7.8
52.5
4.0

16.8

16.5

1.2

1.1

*+»5
59.3
4.3

4.4
58.5
4.5

390,0

3*57.2

7.9
;u2

55.1
17.2

i*2
**•5
59.9
4.1
389.3
22,6
4.1

13.4

7.9
5^.3

22.2
4.1

18.1

14.5

14.5

120.5

119.1

lO.g
8.4
M

Tennessee

24.6
77.9

6.6

10.4

8.5
4.2
23.9

6.7

21.8

3.9

18.0
14,8

117.'
10.3

8.3

4.1

23.2

76.6

74.0

6.4
2.9

2.9

6.2

Vermont
Virginia

2.9
28.4

28,2

25.?

Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

27.0

26.7

26.5

9.7
32.7

9.6 9.5
32.4 31.7

210

2.0

1.8

14.2
344.6

14.5
336,0
90.7

*+7«7

^7.7

57.6
69.3
24.0

56.2

25.3
76.6
78.5
195.7 195.8

97.6

58.7

14.3
3lH.8
91.2
67*9

57.6

67.8

ili.5 111.5
36.3 36.4
53.2
52.7

585.6

77.1
195.2

84.8
94.2
43.5
101,9
226,4

96.5

230.0
112,1

56.8

25.2

137.3 139.3 13**6

85.2
>4.5
42.8

23.2

76.7
77.1
90.4
33.3

101.2
225.2

92.8
206.4

231.1

219.2
108,5
61.7

112.5
62,9
•53.3
144<,9 145,2
27.8 27.9

136.3

27.4

20.4

19.5

39.7
12.9

12.0

39.8

39.0
12.4

61.9
12,2

56.4
10.5

I6.9
167.9

12.2
182.1

182,4

23.1

19.3
169,7
22.3

33.8

33*8

19.*+
167.3
31.5

779.1 770*9 761.2
35.6
66.0 65,6
13.4 13.3
13.3

667,2
107.0

685,5
108.0

655.6

29.3

50.5

104.8

29.5
311.9
104.1

28.7
287.7
90.5

53.^ 50.4 49.8
362.9 358.9 358.9
23.8
24.8
23.3

370.4

19.2
170.6

23.1

50.9

35.2
14.8
77.^
239.1
21.5
11.9
78.1
79.9
41.9
95.1
11.4

50.3

35.1
14.6
77.3

35.7

13.6
77.5

61,7

20.1

312.2

63.6

20.1

63.8
370.0
32.9

101,4

62.0

67.7

33.3.4
29.7
59,0

32.0

30.6

110,8 111.0

104.8

32.9
67.7
31.9

295.8

266.8

54.8

4a.2

77.*+

11,4
77.2

15.1
153.6 153.3

14.7
130.7

79.5
42.0

78.3

145.2

144.4
56.7

123 .I

40.3

95.3

9»+.7

128,1

122.3

15.3

14,6

236.6
20.5

238.0
20,5

11.3

10.6

Sec- footnotes at end of table and explanatory notes, sections G and H,




587.9
71.6

14.5

30.6

19S1
i 1950.
June I May I June

71.8

14.5

30.9

Government
J

96.0
34.6
43.7
513.2
62.5

54.2
53.6 52.8
24,0
18.4
24.0
35.0
35.2
35.5
446.4 44z,8 436,7
45,4 45,4
^5.9

15.1

Texas
Utah

225k.

11 ,6 .

295,8

55.3

15.0

56.0
127.6
15.3

55.7

Atl6

TABLE 7<

Employees In Nonagricultural Establishment*
by .State

by Industry Division,

See explanatory notes, sections G and H*

\ f Government estimatee and affeot^d totals revised; not strictly comparable with previously
pubH i hid dstft*

2/ Revised sorloei not strictly comparable sdth previousiy published data*
j/ Mining combined with construction#
4/ Mining combined with service#




Asl?
TABLE 6:

Employees In Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Aroas
(In thousands)

AREA

Number of Employe03
1950
L... 1951
June ! May
June

ALABAMA
Birmingham
Mining
Manufaoturing
ARIZONA
Phoenix
ivlining
Manufacturing
Trails, it Public Util. 1/
Track?

Pina?!ce
Service
Tuscon
Mining
Manuf?i,cturing
Trans* St Public Util#l/
Trade
Finanoo
Servi ce
ARKANSAS
Little Rook
Total
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans# & Public Util*
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Gove rnment
CALIFORNIA
Los iingoles
Manufacturing

16,3
58.5

.1

1 1,6
7.7
23.7

15.7
53.6

.1

18.3
55.9

21.5

H
10.7

H
10.8

3.5
9.5

1 .7
2.0
3.0
8.2
1.2
9.0

1 .7
1.9
2.9
8.3
1.2
9.1

1.6
1.7

6.5
17.2
3.5
M
10.5

476.0

64.5
6.0
12.0
6.4
17.7
3*5

8.5

10.6

470.4

Washlngton««Continue d
Manufacturing
Tr:-ais# & Public Util#
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Gove rument

7.2

2.5
8.0
1,0

*».7

64.0
6,4
11.3
6.7
17.4

W

8.4
10.5

401.2

1950

1951

June

•1
8.1 FLORIDA

11.4
7.7
24.2

64,3
S.4
12,0

Number of Employees
AREA

25.7
40.9
114,7
30.4
74,2
2C2 ,1

f May

June

2^.2
!+0.6
114.2

22«1
114.1

30.3
74,7
281,0

74.3
248.4

39.7
26.9

JapkaonYllIe
KanuTaSfcuring

17.4

Trans. & Public Util#
Trade
Fincmco
Service 2/
Government

14.5
31 .0 '
5.7
11.8
14.5

Miami
kanuffictuning
Trans# & Public Util#
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
Tampa-St» Petor^bur^
Total
Contract Construction
Manufacturing

Trans# & Public Util*
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Govo rnment

16.4
14.7
31.2
5.8
11,8

14,0

13.6
3G.5
5.7

14,5

11.2
12.9

14.0
21.7
52.4
8.4

15.0

12.9
19.1

27.4

21.7
53.6
a. 5

l6.">

29.0
16,6

46.2
8.4
23.9
17.4

IO3.2

104.4

99.8

9.3
19.2

9.2
19.3

19.1

').<!

9*7

33.3

34.4

9.4
9*4

32.2

5.1

5,0

13.5
12.9

13.7
12.8

13.0

264.6
17.9
64.2
30.5
72.9
15.5

263.5

250.2
16 .a
57.2
27.6
71.7
15.4
32.5
29,0

4,6
12.2

GEORGIA.

Atlanta

Sacramento
Manufacturing
San Dle^o
Manufacturing
San Francisco-Oakland
Manufacturing
San Jose
Manufacturing
CQLORiiDO
Denver
Mining
Contract Construction
“knuf acturing
Trans* & Public Util#
Trade
Finance
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Washington
Total
Contract Construction

10.0

37.7

10*1

36.4

21.?5

Total
Contract Construction
Manufacture ng
Trans# & Public Util#
Trade
Finance
oervice 2/

174.4

173.4

15?.**

21.0

21.9

17.4

T«7tal

1.0
H. 3
35.9

Contract Construction
Manufactur ing
Tr.ais# & Public Util#
T rude
Finance,
Service 2/

1.0
19.9
42,1

25,8
5/.8
10,7

609.7
41,7

1.0

19.5

41.5
25.3
57.3
10.4

607.6
41.6

Gove rnnent

63.2
30.3
73.5

15.2
31.8

31.1

Savannah

24.1

54.1
10.0

571.2
**3.7

40,8
3.1

3 M
2#0
12#3

4,4
4,4

6.8
8.2
1.2
4.1
**.5

6.0
8.3
1.2
4.3
4.2

ILLINOIS
Peoria
^lanufaoturing

47.8

47.0

44,1

Rockford
Manufacturing

40.7

Government

See footnotes at end of table and explanatory notes, sections G, H, and I#




32.0
31.6

18.4

4l.i
3.2
12.6
6.3
i5»5

1.2

12.9

36*8

A»l8
TABLE 8t

Employees in Nonagrlcultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas
(In thousands)

AREA

Number of Employees
1^0
1951
'
June
Juno | Hay

INDIANA

Fort I’ayne
Total
Manufacturi ng
Nonmanufactur ing
Indianapolis
total
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans* & Public Util#
Trade
Finance
Other Nanmanufaoturing

^ 3.5

32.1
31.4

79.9
42.4
37.5

64,0

64,2

32.8
31,2

32.6
31.5

78,7
41.7
37.0

27*+.7 272.1
16,0 14.6

113.0 112.6
25.3 25.O
60.5 60.3
14,0
'+5.8

13.7
46.0

73.8
37 8

36.0

248.4
13*1
94.2
24.2
58.3
13.3
45.4

IQUA

Des ^oines
Manufacturing
IUNSAii
Topeka
Total
Mining
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans« & Public Util*
Trade
Finance
Service
Government

21.1

41.8

.1
2.3
6.7
7.3
9.0

2.0

4#3

10.2

20.6

41.3
.1
2,2
6.9
7.2

8.8
2.1
4.3
9.9

19.1

38.0
.1
1.6
6.5
6.9

8.2

1.9
4.4

8.6

Ilohita
Minium

J..*>
* Construction
Mar-utacturi ng
Trans# & Public Util#
Trade
Finance

Service
Government

99.6
1.3

4.8
43.0
6.9
23.7
3.7
9.1
7.2

97.0
1.3
4.6
4i,o
6.9
23.5
3*7
9*0
7.2

78.4
1.3

5.0

24.7

6.8
21.5
3.7

8.7
6.8

LOUISIANA
Nev; Oreleans
Manufacturing

51.9

51.2

46,2

MAINE
Portland
Total
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans# & Public Util#
Trade
Finance
Service 2 /
Gove mine nt

4, .0
2.3

12.5

45.9

2.2

46^4

2.3
12.1

5.5

11.9
5.4

2,4

2.4

2.4

8.0

7.9

7.9

3.4

3.4

12.9

12.7

5.6

12.9
3.2

Baltimore
“Total
. Mining
Contract Construct!oh
Manufacturing
Trans# & Public Util#
Trade
Finance
Service
Government

.

519.2
•6

37.2
191.9
53.2
101,6
24.3

515.5
,5

38.0
189,2

53.8
100.4

23.6

487.6
•5
35.5

168.7

53.4

100.4
23,6

55.6

54.8
55.2,

54.2
51,3

Massachusetts
Boston
Manufacturing

303.1

303.I

275.8

' Fall River
Sanufa cturi ng

30.5

31.5

28,7

New Bedford
Manufacturing

36.1

36.9

31.S

Springfield-Holyoke
Manufa cturi ng

7 S.1

76.3'

72.7

Worcester
Manufacturi ng

55.3

54.9

50.4

4l.6

4o,8

41.8

2.1
11.3

2.1

2.2

7,1

10.4
7-1

11,3
7,3
10.^

1.4
5.3
4,1

1.4
5*3
4.1

i , 1*

MIi'JNESOT*.
Duluth
Total
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans# & Public Util#
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
Minneapolis
Total
Contract Construction
| Manufacturing
! Trans# a Public Util*
j Trade
Finance
Service 2 /
Government
i
! St. Paul
| Total
Contract Construction
> Manufacturing
Trans# & Public Util#
Traae
Finance
Service 2 /
Government
MISSISSIPPI
Jackson
Manufactur i ng

See footnotes at end of table and explanatory notes, sections G, H, and I#




Nutubor of Employees
1951
i_M 5 °
June
June 1 May

^tRYLitND

Evansville
'Total
Manufactu ring
Nonmanufacturing

AREA

54.8

10.3

260.2
16.5
72.7
26.3
76.1
16.9
28.4

23.4
144.7
7.7
41.7

20.6
34.9

8.6
15.0
16.2

7.6

10.3

5,2
4,1

258.2 245.6
15.5
72.4

13.9

25.8

24.7
75.0

75.8

16.7
28.6

23.4

66.0

16.1
28.2
21,8

144.0 140.2
7.2
7.4
4l.4 4o,o
20.4 19.9
34.9 34.5
8.4
8.5
14.9 14,2
16.4 15,9

8,3

7*7

AjV)
TABLE 8j

Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas
(In thousands)

Number of jftnfrloyecs

Number of &nployee3

AREA

Juno
MISSOURI
Kansas City (including
Kajqsaa^City» Kanaag)
Total

kilning
Contract Construct!vn
iiianuflecturing

Trans* & Public Util#
Trado
Finance

Service
Government
St* Louis
Manufacturing

NEBRASKA
Omaha
"Total
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans# & Public Util*
Trade
Finance
Service 2f
Government
NEVADA
Reno
Contract Construction
Manufacturing 2/
Trans* & Public Util*
Trade
Finance
Service
NEW HAilPSHIRE
Manchester
Total
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans# & Public Util*
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
NEW JERSEY
Neygrk-Jersey City
Manufacturing
Pate rson
Manufacturing

3^0*1
•9

.k
100*2
21

332.9
•9
20.8

95.0

*+3.6
93.5
19.5

42.9

39.8

39.8

21,2

21.2

92.9

19.4

208.4

1953L

JL252.
June

June

May

^5.3

45.0

44.3

5.8

6.0
6.6

6.1

4.8
11.7
2.3

11.3

6.3

6.1

6.2

87.4

86.4

75,2

"Manufacturing

38.4

37.5

35.9

Buffalo
Manufacturing

203.2

200,9

180.6

Elmira
Manufacturing

16.7

16.6

14.8

118,8

117.1*

967.7

965.9

Juno
Trenton
M&nufaetufcing

210.4

MONTANA
Great Falls
Manufacturing
Trans* & Public Util#
Trade

ay

AREA

1950

318.0 NEW MEXICO

*Z

15.6
90,2
40.7
90.5
16.8

4o.8

Albuquerque
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans* & Public Util#
Trade
Finance
Service 2 /

20.6
196.9

NKW YORK
Alba?iy~S chene0tady-Tra y
""Manufacturing

6,5
4.8
11.7

2.2

*».?
4.5
2.5

Binghamton
2.7
2.6

5.7

141.5

6.6

32.5
23.I
37.7

10.6

17.3
14.0

2.7
2.5
5.7

140.2
6.5
32.1

22.8

3^.7
10.4
17.0
13.8

3.2
2.4
5.6

13^.6
6.4
29.9

21.8

36.7
17.0

12.9

1.9

2.0
1.6

S.1
5.8
.9
5.2

3.0
5.6
.9
*♦.9

3.0
5.5

40.5

1*6
20.7

40.1
1.5

20.6

4.1

2.3
7.6
1.5
4.0

2.6

2.6

2.3
7.7

1.6

365.4
163.2

366,0
162.4

838.9

837.7

126,2
932.3
827.3

Rochester
Manufacturing

106.7

105.0

97.7

ayi
"fe
anufacturing

60.1

59.9

52.4

Utlca-Rome
Manufacturing

46.1

45.8

42.9

10.3
22.5

10.5

10,1

1.8
1.6

1.6

Neyr York City
Contract Conttructlon
Manufacturing
Trade

.8 NORTH CAROLINA

Charlotte
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans* & Public Util#
! Trade
3
1.8 | Finance
5.0

20,7
9.8
21.7

4.4

4.3

123.5

123*8

8,3

8.4
5.9
13.7
U.l
34.1
6.7
13.0
30.9

112,6
9.5
5.6
13.1

10.6

22.4
4.4

1<?»0
2.1 joKLAHOfU
7.8

1.6

4,0
2.5

335.3

Oklahoma City
*Total
Contract ^onstruction
Mining
Manufacturing
Trans# 8t Public Util*
Trade
Finance
Service
Government

7.9

21.7
10.6
22.5

5*6
13.9

11,1

33.9

6.6

13.1
3U1

10,4
34.1
6.7
-I3.0
20.4

146.4
Tulsa

Perth Amboy
Manufacturing
See footnotes at




Total
77.6

77.>+

75.0

Mining

of t vble and explanatory notes, sections Gj H, and I#

90.7
9.6

90.3

9.8

86.2
8.9

A:20
TABLE 6$

Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division* Selected Areas
(In thousands)
Number of Employees

Number of Employees
AREA

‘,
‘&T_Xi25o;

June I May
OKLAH0MA~Continuod
Tulsa-Continued
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans* & Public Util*
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
OREGON
Portland
TE'nufacturlng

5.6

1 June

6,6

6.3
20.*+ 19.7
11.0 10.7

16.7

4.6

24,0
4.5

23.3
4.5

9.6
5.7

5.6

9.7

9.6

24,3

62.1

58.6

11.1

5.5

581.6 586.4

527.2

Pittsburgh
Manufacturing

377.0 373.5

335.3

293.7 2?5.9
14.4 14.5
153.5 156.1
13.8 13.7
50.3 51.0
10,6 10.4
22,0 21,4

277.0
12.9
143,1

RHODE ISLAND
Provideace
'"Total"
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans* & Public Util#
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
Carolina
Charleston
Manufacturing
Trans* & Publio Util*

29.1

28.8

14.2
48,2
10,2
22,6

8.1

8*3

8*0
5*1

^•3

7t9

5#fl

7*2

SOUTH DAKOTA
Sjoux Falls
Manufacturing

5.2

5.0

5.2

TENNESSEE

Knoxville
Mining
Manufacturing
Trans* & Public Util*
Trade
Finance

Memphis
Mining
Manufacturing
Trans* & Public Util#
Tcade
Finance
Service
Government
Nashville
"kanufacturJ.ng
Trans# & Public Util*
Trade
Finance
Service
Governmtnt
UTAH
Salt kgice City k /

Tffning
Contract Construction
Manufactur ing
Trans# & Public Util# 1/
Trade
Finance
VERMONT
Burlington
Manufacturing

Columbia
"Manufacturing

Mining
Manufacturing
Trans* & Public Util*
Trade
Finance
Service
Government

Knoxville-Continued
Service
Government

25.8

south

*2
42.0
4.9

17,0

2.8
9.6
7.8
2.7
40.7
7.0
21.2
3.7

♦ <

42.6
4.8
17.5
2.8

,2
37,7
4,7

15.8

9.6
7.8

2.7
9.9
7.8

2.7
41.8
7.0

2,5
36.7
7.2

21*3
3.6

21.4
3.6

ii&SHIKGTON
Seattle
Total
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans* & Public Util#
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
Spokane
Total
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans* & Public Util*
Trade
Finance
Service 2f
Governm§ot
Tacoma
uw
Total
Contract Construction
Manufacturing
Trans* & Public Util*

See ^oo'tnotes at end of table and explanatory notes, sections 6, H, and I,




19S0
June

9.4
12,9

9,2
12,9

9.0
12,4

.4
41,7

,4
41.4
15.4
47.1
7.4

.3
39.4
15.2
45.1
6.7

June

57.9

PENNSYLVANIA
Philadelphia
Manufacturing

.ML
j May

AREA

15.2
46,5
7.5
22,6

22.5

19*3

18.7

35*p

35*8
11.4
24.1
5.9
14.0
13.1

1U*

23.8
6.1
13.8
13.1
6.1
7.9

14.7
7*2

6.0
7.7
14,3
7.0

23.0

13.4

32.5
11.3
23.7

5.8
14.7

13.1

5.9

8.0
13.2

6.7

27.6

27.2

5*o

4.8

4.7

6*1

6,0

5.3

28.8

267.3 265.1
13.5 13.1
72.2 71.3
29.1 2?.6

241.8
14.4
57.8
25.7

66.2
14,5
33.4
38,4

66.0
14,4
33.3
37.4

65.0

14,3
32*9
31.7

66.?
4.1
14.0

65.8

ss.o
4,2

3.7
13.5
10,4

18,1

12.9
10.7
17.8

2,9
9*7
7.5

2.9
9.7
7.5

3.X
5.6
6.8

73.3

7?.4
4.5

67.1
4.9
I8.7
6.3

10.5
18.2

14.6
18.9
6.5

18.6
6.5

Aj2l
T**BliE 8?

Employees lii Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division, Selected Areas
(In thousands)

AREA
WASHINGTON-Continue d
Tacoma-Contiijuad
Trade
Finance
Service 2/
Government
WEST VIRGINIA
Charleston
Total
Mining
Contract Construction
Manufacturing

Number of Employroes
...m i
1 1950
June I May i June

iM
2.7
7»X

16*7

1^.4
2.7
6.3

18.8

98,2
21.3

97.3

20.6

28,2

21.3
«U

l*+.5

2.6

7.0
13.1

AREA
Charieston^Continue d
Trans* & Public Util*
Trade
Finance
Service
Government

WISCONSIN
Milwaukee
Manufacturing
96.4
22.0
5.8 Racine
Manufacturing
25.5

See explanatory notes, sections G, H, and I,
1/ Excludes interstate railroads*
2/ Includes mining*
jJ Include a mining, service, and government#
k/ Revised series) not strictly comparable with previously published data#




Number of Employees
1251 ___ 1950
June
Juno | May

lb. 6

2.7
7.1

8.8

196.6
25.I

2.7

8.6
16.6
2.6

8.7

7.2
8.3

9.0
16.3
7.1

19^.2 176.4
2M

22.3

A: 22
TABLE 9:

Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing Industries

(In thousands)

Industry
—

POOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS:
Meat packing, wholesale
prepared meats
Concentrated milk
Ice cream and lees
Fleur and meal
Cane-sugar refining
Beet sugar
Confectionery products
Malt liquors
Distilled liquors, except brandy
TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS;
Yarn mills, wool (except carpet)# cotton
and silk systems
Cotton and rayon broad-woven fabrics
Woolen and worsted fabrics
Full-fashioned hosiery mills
Seamless hosiery mills
Knit underwear mills
Wool carpets, rugs, and carpet yarn
Fur-felt hats and hat bodies
APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS:
Men»s dress shirts and nightwear
Work shirts
FURNITURE AND FIXTURES:
Wood household furniture, except upholstered
Mattresses and bedsprings
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS:
Plastics materials
Synthetic rubber
Synthetic fibers
Soap and glycerin
STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS:
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, not elsewhere
classified
Brick ard hollow tile
Sewer pipe

See explanatory notes, section A,




i
ii
i.

.1251
June

Hay

April

161.2

159.2
33.8
13.4
21.2
27.1
13.9
5.8
55.9
62.8
17.5

159.4
33.8

100.7

111.7
405.5
101.6

60.6

63.6

?o.o
34.1

51.1
34.5
35.7
8.3

111.7
397.3
104.3
65.9
54.4
35.7
38.3
8.9

34.1
14.2
22 . *

2?.If
14.?
6.0
55.5
66.7

18.8

109.7

415.6

33.4
8.1

12.')
19.1
27.0
13.8

5.4
56.8

60.6
19.2

82.0
13.2

84.8
13.1

87.6
13.0

104.4

109. s

118.7

22.4

27.5

28.5

22.0

22.3
7.2

16.9

22.4
7.5
56.4
19.4

44.1

44.1

44.0

33.9

35.4
29 .1
8.7

36.6

7.4
56.4

29.9
8.9

56.6
20.4

28.7
8.7

A:23
TABLE 9:

Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing Industries (Continued)

(In thousands)

Industry

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES 5
Gray-iron foundries
Malleable-iron foundries
Steel foundries
Primary copper# lead, and sine
Primary aluminum
Iron and steel forgings
Vfire drawing
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE,
MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT):
Cutlery and edge tools
Hand tools, not elsewhere classified, files,
hand saws, and saw blades
Hardware, not elsewhere classified
Metal plumbing fixtures and fittings
Oil burners, heating and cooking apparatus,
not elsewhere classified
Structural and ornamental products
Boiler shop products
Metal stampings
MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICA.L):
Tractors
Farm machinery, except tractors
Machine tools
Metalworking machinery, not elsewhere
classified
Cutting tools, Jigs, fixtures, etc.
Computing and related machines
Typewriters
Refrigeration machinery
Ball and roller bearings
Machine shops

June

____M a y _____ __ __Agri 1

162.0

162.7

28.1

27.9

63.5

62.3
26.0
9.4

26.2

163.7
27.7

61.0
26.1

10.3
34.8
44.4

34.2
44.1

23.9

24.2

24.6

38.5
71.4

38.8
72.0

30.9

31.1

38.7
73.5
31.4

78.2
65.0
53.5

79.4
64.5
56.2

116.6

119.6

73.7
75.7
59.6

72.5
75.8
58.5

72.2

*3.9
92.1
41.7

42.3

41.8

9.9
34.0
43.9

81.7
63.7

56.0
123.5

76.4
58.4

90.8

88.8

41.5
21.4

41.0

21.8
98.8

101.6

21.2
102.6

47.4
^7.2

46.6
46.5

46.1
46.3

149.4

157.7

171.1

40.4

39.3

38.9

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT:
Locomotives and parts
Railroad and streetcars

25.2
34.2

24.9
33.5

24.7
32.1

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES:
Silverware and plated ware

16.3

16.9

17.5

ELECTRICAL MACHINERY:
Radios and related products
Telephone and telegraph equipment and
communication equipment, not elsewhere
classified

S*e explanatory notes, section A.




EXPLANATORY NOTES

Section A. Scope of the BLS Employment Series - The Bureau of Labor
Statistics publishes each month the number of employees in all nonagricultural es­
tablishments and in the 8 major industry divisions: mining, contract construction,
manufacturing, transportation and public utilities, trade, finance, service, and
government. Both all-employee and production-worker employment series are also pre­
sented for 21 major manufacturing groups, over 100 separate manufacturing
industries, and the durable and nondurable goods subdivisions* Within nonmanufac­
turing, total employment information is published for over 50 series. Production
worker employment is also presented for most of the industry components of the
mining division.
Table 9 shows production-worker data for 60 new industries. These series
are based on the levels of employment indicated by the 19^7 Census of Manufactures
and have been carried forward by use of the employment changes reported by the BLS
monthly sample of cooperating establishments. These series are not comparable with
the data shown in table 3 since the latter are adjusted to bench-mark levels indi­
cated by social insurance agency data through 19^7 *
Hours and earnings information for manufacturing and selected
nonmanufacturing industries are published monthly in the Hours and Earnings Industry
Report and in the Monthly Labor Review.
Section B, Definition of Employment - For privately operated
establishments in the nonagricultural industries the BLS employment Information
covers all full- and part-time employees who were on the pay roll, i.e., who worked
during, or received pay for, the pay period ending nearest the 15 th of the month.
For Federal establishments the employment period relates to the pay period ending
prior to the first of the month; in State and local governments, during the pay
period ending on or just before the last of the month. Proprietors, self-employed
persons, domestic servants, unpaid family workers, and members of the armed forces
are excluded from the employment information.
Section C. Comparability With Other Employment Data - The Bureau of Labor
Statistics employment series differ from the Monthly Report on the Labor Force in
the following respects: (1) The BLS series are based on reports from cooperating
establishments, while the MRLF is based on employment information obtained from
household interviews; (2) persons who worked in more than one establishment during
the reporting period would be counted more than once in the BLS series, but not in
the MRLF; (3) the BLS information covers all full- and part-time wage and salary
workers in private nonagricultural establishments who worked during, or received pay
for, the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month; in Federal establishments
during the pay period ending just before the first of the month; and in State and
local government during the pay period ending on or just before the last of the
month, while the MRLF series relates to bhe calendar week which contains the 8th day
of the month; (4) proprietors, self-employed, domestic servants, and unpaid family
workers are excluded from the BLS but not the MRLF series.
Section D. Methodology - Changes in the level of employment are based on
reports from a sample group of establishments, inasmuch as full coverage is prohibi­
tively costly and time-consuming. In using a sample, it is essential that a
complete count or "bench mark" be established from which the series may be carried




- i -

forward. Briefly, the BLS computes employment data as follows: first, a bench mark
or level of employment is determined; second, a sample of establishments is se­
lected; and third, changes in employment indicated by this reporting sample are
applied to the bench mark to determine the monthly employment between bench-mark
periods. An Illustration of the estimation procedure used in those Industries for
which both all-emplo;* oe and production-worker employment Information is published
follows: The latest productionrworker employment bench mark for a given ..Industry
was 50,000 in January, According to the BLS reporting sample, 60 establishments.in
that industry employed 25»000 workers in January and 26,000 in February, an increase
of
percent. The February figure of 52,000 would be derived by applying the change
for identical establishments reported in the January-February sample to the bench
mark:

52,000

The estimated all-employee level of 65,000 for February is then determined by using
that month's sample ratio (.800 ) of production workers to total employment

52»000 jor muitipiied by 1 .2 5 ) * 65 ,000 .
.800

When a new bench mark becomes available, employment data prepared since
the last bench mark are reviewed to determine if any adjustment of level is re­
quired. In general, the month-to-month changes in employment reflect the
fluctuations shown by establishments reporting to the BLS, while the level of em­
ployment is determined by the bench mark.
The pay-roll index is obtained by dividing the total weekly pay roll for a
given month by the average weekly pay roll in 1939* Aggregate weekly pay rolls for
all manufacturing industries combined are derived by multiplying gross average
weekly earnings by p, oduction-worker employment.
Section E. Sources of Sample Data - Approximately 1^3#000 cooperating
establishments furnish monthly employment and pay-roll schedules, by mail, to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics. In addition, the Bureau makes use of data collected by
the Interstate Commerce Commission, the Civil Service Commission, and the Bureau of
the Census,




- ii -

APPROXIMATE COVERAGE OP MONTHLY SAMPLE USED IN
BLS EMPLOYMENT AND PAY-KOLL STATISTICS

*

Division or industry

Mining
Contract construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities:
Interstate railroads (ICC)
Rest of division (BLS)
Trade
Finance
Service:
Hotels
Laundries and cleanly and dyeing plants
Government:
Federal (Civil Service Commission)
State and local (3ureau of Census quarterly)

:
Employees
Numbei* of
: Number in : Percent
establishments
: sample
: of total
3,000
19*300
39..00Q

467.000
539.000
9,092,000.

--

12*500
58 tloo.

1.329,000
1,309,000
1,676,000

7,900

367,000

1*300
it8 oo

144,000
9.
7 ,000

33

1 .939.000

100

2 ,450,000

62

50

26
64

98
5.1
18
20

zo

Section P. Sources of Bench-Mark Tata - Reports from Unemployment
Insurance Agencies presenting (1) employment in firms liable for contributions to
State unemployment compensation funds, and (2) tabulations from the Bureau of OldAge and Survivors Insurance on Employment in firms exempt from State unemployment
insurance laws because of their-small size comprise thebaslc^sources of bench-mark
data for nonfarm employment.. Most of the.employment data in this report have been
adjusted to levels indicated by these sources for 1947. Special bench marks are
used for industries .'not covered by the Social Security program. Bench marks for
State and local government are based on -data compiled by the Bureau of the Census#
while information on Federal Government employment is made available by the U, S.
Civil Service Commission. The Interstate Commerce Commission is the source for
railroads.
Bench marks for production-worker employment are not -available on a
regular basis. The production-worker series are* therefore,, derived by applying to
all-employee bench marks the ratio of production-worker employment to total employ­
ment, as determined from the Bureaufs industry samples.
Section G. Industrial Classification - In the BLS employment and hours
and earnings scries, reporting establishments are.classified into significant eco­
nomic groups on the basis of major postwar product or activity as determined from
annual sales data,. The following references, present the industry olasaiflcation
structure currently used in the owployrwajnfc statistI q c program*




- ill -

(1)

For manufacturing industries - Standard Industrial
Classification Manual, Vol. I, Manufacturing
Industries, Bureau of the Budget, llovember i9^5;

(2)

For nonmanufacturing industries - Industrial
Classification Code, Federal Security Agency
Social Security Board, 19^2.

Section H. State Employment - State data are collected and prepared in
cooperation with various State Agencies as indicated below, The series have been
Adjusted to repent data made available by State Unemployment Insurance Agencies and
th^ Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance, Since some States have adjusted to
more recent bench-marks than others, and because varying methods of computation are
used, the total of the State series differs from the national total, A number of
States also make available more detailed Industry data and information for earlier
periods which may be secured directly upon request to the appropriate State Agency,
The following publications are available upon request from the BLS
Regional Offices or the Bureau1s Washington Office;

Honagrlcultural Employment, by State, 19^7-^8-49;
Employment in Manufacturing Industries, by State,

19^7-^8 -4 9 ,

COQPI&ATING STff^/.G^IClES

Alabama * Department of Industrial Relation* Montgomery 5*
Arizona - Unemployment Compensation Division, Employment Security Commission,
Phoenix.
Arkansas - Employment Security Division, Department of Labor# Little Rock.
California - Division of Labor Statistics and Research, Department of Industrial
Relations, San Francisco 1.
Colorado - Department of Employment Security, Denver 2.
Connecticut - Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, Hartford 5*
Delaware - Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Philadelphia 1, Pennsylvania*
District of Columbia - II. S. Employment S e r v i c e for D. C,, Washington 25.
Florida * Unemployment Compensation, Division* Industrial Commission, Tallahassee*
Georgia - Employment Security Agency, Department of Labor,, Atlanta 3.
.Idaho - Employment Security Agency, Boise.
Illinois - Division of Placement and Unemployment Compensation, Department ef Labor,
Chicago
Indiana - Employment Security Division, Indianapolis 9*
Iowa - Employment Security Commission, Pes Moines 8.
Kansas - Employment Security Division* State Labor Department * Topeka .
Kentucky - Bureau, of Employment Security# Department of Economic Security,




Frankfort.
- Iv -

Louisiana - Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor, Baton Rouge
Maine - Employment Security Commission, Augur; fca.
Maryland - Department of Employment Security, Baltimore 1.
Massachusetts - Division of Statistics, Department of Labor and Industries,
Boston 10.
Michigan - Employment Security Commission, Detroit 2.
Minnesota - Division of Employment and Security, St. Paul 1.
Mississippi - Employment Security Commission, Jacks on.
Missouri - Division of Saployment Security, Department of Labor and Industrial
Relations, Jefferson City.
Montana - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Helena.
Nebraska - Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor, Lincoln 1,
Nevada - Employment Security Department, Carson City.
New Hampshire - Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor, Concord.
New Jersey - Department of Labor and Industry, Trenton 8.
New Mexico - Employment Security Commission, Albuquerque.
New York - Bureau of Research and Statistics, Division of Placement and Unemployment
insurance. New York Department of Labor, 1 W 0 Broadway, New York 18.
North Carolina -> Department of Labor, Raleigh.
North Dakota - Unemployment Compensation Division, Bismarck.
Oh^o - Bureau of Unemployment Compensation, Columbus 16.
Oklahoma - Employment Security Commission, Melanoma City 2.
Oregon - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Salem.
Pennsylvania - Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Philadelphia 1 (mfg.); Bureau
of Research and Information, Department of Labor and Industry,
Harrisburg tnonmfg.).
Rhode Island - Department of Labor, Providence 2.
South Carolina - Employment Security Commission, Columbia 10.
South Dakota - Employment Security Department, Aberdeen.
Tennessee - Department of Employment Security, Nashville 3.
Texas * Employment Commission, Austin 19.
Utah - Department of Employment Security, Industrial Commission, Salt Lake City 13.
Vermont"- Unemployment Compensation Commission, Montpelier.
Virginia - Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor and Industry,
Richmond 19.
Washington - Employment Security Department, Olympia^
West Virginia - Department of Employment Security, Charleston.
Wisconsin - Industrial Commission, Madison 3.
Wyoming - Employment Security Commission, Casper.

Section I. Area Employment - Figures oh area employment are prepared by
cooperating State agencies. The methods of adjusting to bench marks and of making
computations used to prepare State employment are also applied in preparing area in­
formation. Hence, the appropriate qualifications should also be observed. For a
number of areas, data in greater industry detail and for earlier periods can be ob­
tained by writing directly to the appropriate State agency.




- v -

GLOSSARY

All Employees or Wage and Salary Workers - In addition to production and related
workers as defined elsewhere, Includes workers engaged in the following activi­
ties: executive, purchasing, finance, accounting, legal, personnel (including
cafeterias, medical, etc.), professional and technical activities, sales, salesdelivery, advertising, credit collection, and in installation and servicing of own
products, routine office functions, factory supervision (above the working foreman
level). Also includes employees on.the establishment pay roll engaged in new con­
struction and major additions or alterations to the plant who are utilized as a
separate work force (force-account construction workers).
Continental United States - Covers only the 48 States and the District of Columbia.
Contract Construction - Covers only firms engaged in the construction business on a
contract basis for others. Force-account construction workers, i.e., hired di­
rectly by and on the pay rolls of Federal, State, and local government, public
utilities, and private establisliments, are excluded from contract construction and
included in the employment for such establishments.
Defense Agencies - Covers civilian employees of the Department of Defense (Secretary
of Defense: Army, Air Force, and Navy), National Advisory Committee for
Aeronautics, The Panama Canal, Philippine Alien Property Administration,
Philippine War Damage Commission, Selective Service System, National Security
Resources Board, National Security Council.
Durable Goods - The durable goods subdivision includes the following major groups:
ordnance and accessories; lumber and wood products (except furniture); furniture
and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass products; primary metal industries; fabri­
cated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment);
machinery (except electrical); electrical machinery; transportation equipment; in­
struments and related products; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries.
Federal Government - Executive Branch - Includes Government corporations (including
Federal Reserve Banks and mixed-ownership banks of the Farm Credit Administration)
and other activities performed by Government personnel in establishments such as
navy yards, arsenals, hospitals, and on force-account construction. Data, which
are based mainly on reports to,the Civil Service Commission, are adjusted to main­
tain continuity of coverage and definition with information for former periods*
Finance - Covers establishments operating in the fields of finance, insurance, and
real estate; excludes the Federal Reserve Banks and the mixed-ownership banks of
the Farm Credit Administration which are included under Government.
Government - Covers Federal, State, and local governmental establishments performing
legislative, executive, and judicial functions, as well as all government-operated
establishments and institutions, (arsenals, navy yards, hospitals, etc.), govern­
ment corporations, and government force-account construction. Fourth-class
postmasters are excluded from table 2, because they presumably have other major
jobs; they are included, however, in table 6. State and local government




- vi -

employment excludes as nominal employees paid volunteer firemen# employees hired
to conduct elections, and elected officials of small local governments.
Indexes of Manufacturing Production-Worker Employment - Number of production workers
expressed as a percentage of the average employment in 1939 .
Indexes of Manufacturing Production-Worker Weekly Pay Rolls - Productlon-worker
weekly pay rolls expressed as a percentage of the average weekly pay roll for
1939.
Manufacturing - Covers only privately-operated establishments; governmental
manufacturing operations such as arsenals and navy yards are excluded from manu­
facturing and Included with government.
Mining - Covers establishments engaged in the extraction from the earth of organic
and inorganic minerals which occur in nature as solids# liquids, or gases; in­
cludes various contract services required in mining operations, such as removal of
over-burden, tunnelling and shafting, and the drilling or acidizing of oil wells;
also includes ore dressing, beneficiating, and concentration.
Nondurable Goods - The nondurable goods subdivision includes the following major
groups: food and kindred products; tobacco manufactures; textile-mill products;
apparel and other finished textile products; paper and allied products; printing#
publishing, and allied industries; chemicals and allied products; products of
petroleum and coal; rubber products; and leather and leather products.
Pay Rolls - Private pay rolls represent weekly pay rolls of both full- and part-time
production and related workers who worked during, or received pay for, any part of
the pay period ending nearest the 15 th of the month, before deductions for old-age
and unemployment insurance# group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, and union
dues; also, includes pay for sick leave, holidays, and vacations taken. Excludes
cash payments for vacations not taken, retroactive pay not earned dxiring period
reported, value of payments in kind, and bonuses, unless earned and paid regularly
each pay period. Federal civilian pay rolls cover the working days in the calen­
dar month.
Production and Related Workers - Includes working foremen and all nonsupervisory
workers (including lead men and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, as­
sembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing,
shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial, watchman services, products develop­
ment, auxiliary production for plant’s own use (e.g., power plant), and record­
keeping and other services closely associated with the above production
operations.




- vii -

Service - Covers establishments primarily engaged in rendering services to
individuals and business firms, including automobile repair services. Excludes
all government-operated services such as hospitals, museums, etc*, and all domes­
tic service employees.
Trade - Covers establishments engaged in wholesale trade, i.e., selling merchandise
to retailers, and in retail trade, i.e., selling merchandise for personal or
household consumption, arid rendering services incidental to the sales of goods.
Transportation and Public Utilities - Covers only privately-owned and operated
enterprises engaged in providing all types of transportation and related services;
telephone, telegraph, and other communication services; or providing electricity,
gas, steam, vrater, or sanitary service. Government operated establishments are
included under government.
Washington, D. C. - Data for the executive branch of the Federal Government also
include areas in Maryland and Virginia which ai?e within the metropolitan area, as
defined by the Bureau of the Census.

Labor - D. C.

- viii -

(LS 52-556)