Full text of Employment and Payrolls : June 1950
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EMPLOYMENT
and pay rolls
DETAILED REPORT
JUNE
1950
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Maurice J. Tobin * Secretary
BUREAU OF LA80R STATISTICS
Ewan Clague - Commissioner
I H P 0 a T A i! T H O T ! C E
The following new and revised series are now available:
Revised Estimates of Mining Enralo.rmcnt. 1943 to Date
Employment data for selected mining industries are shown in t’
JLs
report on a revised basis. Both the all-enployeo and production-worlcer
scries for iron mining, copier mining, total metal mining, and bituminous
coal mining were revised from January 1947 to date. Production-worker
data for lead and zinc nining were revised for 1943-46* Because those
revisions were compensating, no chance was necessary in the mining division
series on total employment. The hours and earnings series likewise wore
not affected Sy these revisions. Suiiaary sheets shotting the revised series
nonthly fron 1939 through April 1950 are available upon rccuert.
Employment in Nonapricultural ;jata.Hlidinent.«i Revised in Trade and Service
D'ivisions. 1939-46
A revised suiarary sheet of employment in nonagricultural establish
ments by industry division nonthly fron 1939 through April 1950 is now
available. The data show the automotive repair service industry in the
service division throughout the period. In former summaries it was shown
as part of the trade division prior to 1947* The shift did not affect the
nonagricultural employment total.
Employment on Boatbuilding and Hcmirine. 19Z.7 to Date. Kow Series
With tliis issue da', a are published for the :irst tine on total
and production-worker employment in the boatbuilding and repairing industry
(SIC industry 3732)# The new scries appear in table 2, page Ato. They
were prepared in the same way as other data in this table and as described
in the explanatory notes. Data for this industry will be published in
this report regularly hereafter. Hours and earnings data for this industry
also appear for the first tine in the June Hours and Eaminrs Industry
I.enort. Summary sheets showing employment, hours, and earnings series
for this industry monthly from January 1947 through April 1950 arc
available upon request.
Nonagricultural Employment by State. 19A7-4&-49
A summary report has just been issued under the above title
giving employment in nonagricultural establishments in each of 32 States
for which data are available,nonthly for the period shown. The data, which
are given by industry division, incorporate the most recent revisions of
the series. The summary serves as a recap for recent years of data appear
ing currently in table 6 of this report. Tho summary is available upon
request.
NOTE: Personnel and Pay of the Military Branch
of the Federal Government, shown in former issues
of this report, are now omitted for security
reasons.
August 23, 1950
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington 25, D. C.
Executive 2/f20
Ext. 351
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
Detailed Report
Juno 1950
CONTENTS
PAGE
Enploynent Trends In Selected Industries
Synthetic Fibers........... ....................
2
Railroad Equipnent............... ...............
6
Enploynent and Pay Rolls Statistical Data..........
A si
Explanatory Motes............ ..............
i
Glossary............. ...... .....................
v
Prepared by
Division of Enploynent Statistics
Sanuel Weiss, Chief
2
.... Shipments ot Record High
Substantial toxtilo rccovory through rdd-1950 and con
tinued high output of rayon tiro-type fibers havo placcd June’
s
54>100 production work-forco in the synthetic fibor industry at
the highest level in 1,5 months. By contrast, the 1949 employment
trend was downward to a post war low of 47,700 workers in July,
general layoffs resulting frov. excessive inventories. The average
workweek in June was 39.3 hours, morethan one hour longer than
the workweek in nid-Jun© of last year and almost 2 hours greater
than the postwar hourly low in April 1949•
Donestic deliveries of rayon (about 92 percent of all
synthetics) for the 6-nont& period through June 1950 v/ero aliaoat
half-again as largo as shipments in tho corresponding period of
the previous year. Tho recovery was attributed nainly to textiletype rayon; tire-typo rayon fiber output remained stable. In
fact, in the declining 1949 period, when output of rayon droppod
12 percont, deliveries of tire-type rayon filaments rose.
Tho synthetic fibor industry is currently producing
greater poundage than in the high 1943 period despite a substantial
decline in employment since that time. Although the procise
reasons for such lowered monhour requirements since 1942 aro not
known, they m y bo accounted for by a combination of the following
factors: differing product output, such as larger proportions of
coarse rather than fine fibers, possibly roduced r.tanhours utilization
in newer non-celluloso synthetics, technological inprovouents, find
inproved worker efficiency.
* Tho synthetic fiber industry (SIC 2825) is conprised of estab
lishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rayon, nylon, and
other synthetic fibers, except glass, to be used as material
for further manufacturing.
Synthetics Recover High Level
Juno rayon shipnonts of 103 nillion pounds continued the
high level which has characterized 1950, according to the Textile
Economics Bureau. For the first 6-nonths a half-yearly record
was attained as 605 million pounds of rayon were delivered includ
ing the all-tine nonthly peak of 106 nillion pounds in March.
This recovery followed a 1949 downtrend when rayon output dipped
12 percent, the first decline in an otherwise uninterrupod 10year clinb.
High autonobile output in 1949 stimulated a 10 percent
gain in tire-type rayon over the previous year. In 1950 these
sane yarns were averaging 25 nillion pounds nonthly, approximately
the sane output as in 1949, but a tremendous gain fron the less
than one nillion pounds produced nonthly in the prowar period.
Likewise, textile denand was improving. Rayon textile-type
deliveries rose 67 percent for the first 6-nonths of 1950 conparod
with tho sano period last year, reflecting increasing use in non*a
suitings, woncn’
s wear and other textile products.
Despite the 1949 reduction in rayon, production of the
newer nylon and other non-cellulose synthetic fibers in that year
increased one-fifth to an output of 91 nillion pounds. In 1949,
those new fibers accounted for about one-tenth of all sysithetics
whereas prior to tho war, they were produced only in nominal
quantities. An illustration of the constant change anong the
various synthetic segnonts is afforded by an intra-industry shift
in wonenTs hosiery which has soon low denier nylon practically
replacing rayon.
In April of last year, rayon producers* inventories
totaled 63 nillion pounds, which were groator than deliveries in
that nonth. This contrasts sharply with end-of"April stocks in
other postwar years which averaged only about one-sixth of nonthly
shipnents* It was not until early 1950 that inventories returned
to a nore nornal balance.
Uso of synthetics and blonds of synthetics and natural
fibers has grown so rapidly that between 1939 and 1949, the proportion
of total cotton, wool, silk and.synthetic fiber consumption accounted
for by synthetics increased fron. 10 percent to 20 percent of the
total, according to the Textilo Economics Bureau. Extrenely import
ant factors in the sensational growth of rayon (in cor* .ci'cial pro
duct! oh in U. S. since 1909) have been its relatively low price as
conparod with that of the natural fibers, as well as the possiblity
of greater product control and the chenical uniformity of synthetics.
Enploynent Stable Tills Year
Juno’
s 54,100 production workers in tho synthetic fiber
industry was only 400 onployocs above the May level, but 5,700
workers nore than in June 1949* Fron a high of 60,600 production
workers in October 1948, layoffs brought enploynent to a postwar
low of 47,700 in July of 1949. Starting with August, however,
there was a steady upward trend until the end of 1949 when cnployncnt stabilized at current levels.
The June'hiring and separation rates of 1,9 and 0,8
percent respectively, stamp the industry’
s workforce as one of tho
aost stable in all manufacturing. Accessions for all soft goods
factory workers in Juno averaged 3.9 percent and separations
2,6 percent.
State Yoar-to-Year Trend Upward
Tho South contains about three-fourths of the industry’
s
enploynentj Virginia and Tennessee accounting for one-fourth and
one-fifth respectively, of tho United States total, Enploynent
in the industry as a whole rose 12 percent fron June 1949 to June
1950, with an unusually large gain of 16 percent reported in
Tennessee,
Table I
Enploynent Index l/, 1949-1950, Hours and Earnings for Production
Workers, June 1950, in the Synthetic Fibers Industry
: Enploynent Index :
: (Juno 1949 » 100) :
*
:
_____125?___ ;
* June
_Ita.; Juno:
Average Hoiirs and Earnings
June, 1950
•
Wcok.ly ••
• Hourly
Earn ; Weekly : Earn
j Hours : ing s
ings
Total U. S.
100,0
111.0 111.8 #57.73
39.3
$1,469
South
Virginia
Tennessee
North
100,0
100,0
100,0
100.0
110,2
103,3
112.5
114.1
39.4
39.7
39.a
39.1
1.453
1.473
1.435
1.512
111.1
103.7
115.6
114.4
57.25
58.48
57.11
59.12
1/ Data are based on a sanplo group of establishments, conprising
80 percent of tho industry. For U, S, totals see Table II,
State totals are not available.
Hours up fron Last Year
The average workweek in Juno 1950 was 39.3 hours, about
one hour ahead of last June and considerably higher than the low
of 37.5 hours in April 1949. The June workweek is about tho sane
as tho 1947 and 1948 annual averages. Regional figures indicate
that sone overtine was being worked particularly in Tennessee and
Virginia.
Hourly earnings in June average $1,47 chewing little
change over the past year. The current level however is 20 cents
above June 1947. Average weekly earnings of $57.73 wore at an
all-tine high. Northern earnings in June were alnost $2.00 per
week higher' than those in Southern plants, despite a sonewhat
shorter workweek in tho North.
Table
II *
Enploynent, Hours and Earnings of Production Workers
in the Synthetic Fiber Industry, by Month 1949-1950
Year
and
Month
Average 1947
1943
1949
••
: Average : Average : Average
: Weekly : Weekly : Hourly
: Nunber
•*
:Earninss : Hours
: Enrninss
(thousands)
57i9
59.9
52.7
149.02
53.05
55.20
39.5
39.5
38.6
$1,241
1.343
1.430
60*0
51.a
47.7
52.1
55.55
53.63
55.13
55.63
39.2
37.5
38.1
38.9
1.417
1.430
1.447
1.430
53.5
53.5
53.6
53.8
53.7
54.1
56.45
55.99
55.97
56.52
57.35
57.73
39.2
39.1
39.0
38.9
39.5
39.3
1.440
1.432
1.435
1.453
1.452
1.469
i m
January
April
July
October
1950
January
February
March
April
May
June
* Data are based upon reports fron cooperating establishments
covering both full-and part-tine enployees who worked during
or received pay for the pay period ending nearest the 15th of
the nonth
6,
Employment in the railroad equipment industries i/
increased during tho socond quarter of 1950, and thus reversed
a decline which had prevailed for more than a year. The increase
reflected higher locomotive and freight car production. Under
lying the latter movement were the substantial ordors resulting
fron tho continued replacement of steam locomotives by Diesel
units and the purchase of freight cars by the Sqvitcblc Life
Ascm-r.icc Society for leasing to several railroads.
Further orders for rolling stock may appear as a
result of the current negotiations for additional orders of
freight cars and locomotives based on leasing arrangements* the
rising level of business activity, and the high rate of railroad
car retirements so far this year. Railroad cix retirements are
now averaging aboiit 6,000 per month. In addition, the industry
will probably benefit from orders for special equipment to fill
defense needs. During World War II, the industry built tanks,
prime movers, and special railroad cars designed for troop
movements.
Between the two World Warn, this industry was
characterized by a long-term employment decline. World War II
and the immediate postwar boom reversed this trend. The reappearance of the downward trend was suggested in 1949 when
railroad car orders dropped to insignificant levels, but in
1950 orders once more turned upward.
1/
These are the locomotive and parts manufacturing (SIC 3741)
and the railroad and street car manufacturing industries
(SIC 3742), Similar manufacturing activities which occur
in railroad owned shops are excluded*
Railroad and Street Cars 2/
The independent railroad car building industry added
appropriately 6,000 production workers to its workforce in the
second quarter of 1950 as a rise in freight car orders
stimulated production. Employment in June totaled 30,000 ^/,
a drop of about 4-0 percent from average employment in 1947 and
1948 (see Table II p. ).
The stream of new orders reflected primarily a
novel plan for the financing of freight car production. Under
this plan, the Equitable Life Assurance Socioty purchases new
freight cars and leases thorn to the railroads. The roads
will thereby receive the immediate benefits of reduced repair
costs and improved rolling stock while their working capital
remains untapped.
Though orders of
freight cars to independent
shops in the first six Kontha of 1950 wore substantially above
the total of about 3,000 rado ill the first half of 1949, they
were only a bit more than ono-half tho number ordered in the
like period of 1947. Orders received in 1947 and 1948 covered
the backlog of domestic demand and tho emergency needs of
foreign countries (see Table I below). Widespread currency
devaluation abroad has since made the prospects of further
large foreign sales rather dubious.
Table I
Year
:
:
:Domestic Orders:
•
•
1946
1947
1948
.1949
1950 (6 nos.)
Source:
*•
48,000
93,000
58,000
4,000
27,000
Deliveries
ExDort
Domestic
:
13,000
32,000
53,000
28,000
83,000
63,000
7,000
2,000
3,000
200
American 'Railway Car Institute
27 Tho analysis is limited to freight car production since it
constitutes by far the most important product of the
industry. In 1949, the industry produced 63,000 freight
cars, 1,045 passenger train cars, 684 transit cars, and
1,430 trolley coaches,
2/ Workers tjpployod in railroad owned shops are excluded.
The declinc of orders in 194-9 signified a temporary
reassertion of the lon£~tona downward trend in tbo 3 evol of
tho industry*3 operations* Thi3 trend is illustrated by tho
reduction of tho production-worker force fron 30,000 in 1923
to 24,000 in 1939> and restjTbs fron tho dependence of tho car
manufacturing industry on ono m i or customer-the Nation* s
railroads*
Table II
Production Worker Employment in tho Railroad and
Street Oar Manufacturing Industry,
by Month, 1947 - 1950
h/.... Month
••!
1947
......
!
1948
.. n.v rr._....... r) B
;
1949
Average
50.3
51.2
43.3
January
February
Jferch
April
Mhy
June
46.9
48.8
49.7
50.9
50.4
50.5
50.2
49.9
51.0
50.8
52.2
52.4
51.9
50.3
50.6
50.0
50.1
51.6
52.9
53.1
52.2
49*6
51.4
51.1
51.1
50.8
52.4
43.5
39.7
37.7
34.2
31.1
July
August
September
October
November
December
52.8
48.7
47.2
;
•
1950
28.4
27.0
25.9
24,7
28.4
30.8
30.2
Locomotive .and Parts Industry
The locomotive manufacturing industry responded to
the spurt in orders during the first half of 1950 by lengthening
the workweek rather sharply. Average weekly hours in January
1950 were 39*Oj by May 1950, they had risen to 40.9* In Juno
weekly hours dropped to 39*5 reflecting the working down of
order backlogs and a slight enlargement of the workforce,
Tho industry added 600 workers in the second quarter
of 1950. Juno employment totaled 20,400, about 20 percent bolow
tho 1948 average of 25,800 (see Table IV p.io), but more than
double tho 1939 level of 6,000. Between 19?-3 and 1939
employment fell from 30,000 to 6,000.
9.
The number of loconotives ordered in the first six
nonths of 1950 was approximately double that for the comparable
period a year ago. However, unfilled orders, on January 1950
were about 50 percent below the level of January 1, 1949.
•The peak in postwar loconotive orders was reached in
1948. The following year a rather sharp reduction in denand
fron both domestic and foreign sources occurred (see Table III
bolow). Data for the first six nonths of 1950 indicate that
the decline in this segnent of railroad equipnent nanufacturing
is not following as drastic a d6wntrend as the carbuilding
industry.
Table III
Loconotive Orders
Icar
*
•
Donestic
•
*
Foreign
•
629
655
435
115
1/
1,052
2.229
2,717
1,808
1.229
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950 (6 nos.)
1/ Not available*
Source: Railway Age
The limited decline in loconotive orders reflects
continuation of the Dieselization program whereby railroads
have been achieving greater economics of operation than with
stean loconotives. In 1949# 1,865 new loconotives were
installed, only 57 of which were stean. Today Diesel lcconotives provide a m j or share of railroad service.
Diesel Service as Percent of Total Service,
1940 and 1949
Passenger Service
•
•
♦
•
* Freight Service
*
Yard Service
1940
5.2
.05
9.4
1949
49.3
34.9
50.8
10
Table 17
Production Worker Employment in the Locomotive and Parts
Manufacturing Industry, by Month, 1947 - 1950
Month
Average
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1947
:
1948
:
1949
25.4
25.8
22.7
26,6
26.5
26,6
25,7
27,0
26,0
25,1
23.8
24.3
23.7
24 »4
25.I
25.9
26.1
26,4
26.8
26.7
26,5
26.4
26,4
17.7
27.0
26.4
26.4
26.5
25.8
25.8
25.1
24.4
23,8
:
1950
19.6
19.9
19.6
20.0.
20.5
20.4
22,6
12,2
22,1
21.9
21.7
21*7
Hours and Earnings in tho Equipment Indttstry
Hourly earnings in the locomotive building industry
in June 1950 were $1,72. This was higher than the figures for
carbuilding ($1,576) and for all manufacturing ($1,719) (see
Table V p. il) and is explained primarily by the highly skilled
work required in loconotivo nanufacturing,
As stated above weekly hours in loconotivo manufac
turing during June were 39.5, and in carbuilding 38.7* The
average for all durable goods industries, however, was 41*4*
Thus, the two equipment industries are part of a group in
durable goods manufacturing where overtime can bo expanded
substantially to meet any defense orders*
Table V
Hours and Earnings, June 1950
•
•
•
•
•
»
All manufacturing
Average : Average
Weekly
Weekly
Earnings : Hours
: Average
Hourly
: Earnings
$58.89
40.5
11.454
Railroad and street ears
60.99
38.7
1.576
Locomotives and parts
67.90
39.5
1.719
Eauiment Manuf ac trring and tho Railroads
The level of employment in the railroad equipment
industries reflects the size of orders placed by the Nation*s
railroads. Thus, in 1948, enployncnt in tho equipment indus
tries registered 24-yoar rocord highs as the result of large
postwar orders placed by tho roads. These orders reflected
the progran for replacing obsolete stock and for neeting war
deferred needs which was facilitated by tho high level rail
road earnings during the war and inmediate postwar periods.
Prospects of lowered earnings in 1949 as well as the filling
of deferred needs explain the subsequent drastic reduction
in orders and the resulting enploynent decline in the
equipnent industries. Possible defense orders and a generally
high level of economic activity nay change this picture.
Over the past quarter of a century, however, the
trend of employment in the equipment industries has been
steadily downward. Underlying the reduction are two major
factors* the relative decline of railroads as a transpor
tation medium and the improvement and more efficient use of
railroad equipment.
In 1926, the railroads carried 77 percent of
connercial inter-city freight trafficj by 1949 this had fallen
to 62 percent (see table VI p. 12). The decline has been
even noro marked in the field of passenger trafficj in 1926
the railroads carried 75 percent of connercial inter-city
passenger traffic, in 1949 only 54 percent. Table VII page 12
which describes the percentage distribution of passenger
traffic does not show the depressing impact of increased
automobile usage on total commercial traffic.
12.
Table VI
Percentage Distribution of Comercial Intercity Freight
Traffic in tho United States
:
!• 1926:• 1940; 1^43!« 1944!• 1947!• 1948:1949
•
Total
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Steal:i railroads
Great Lakes
Shipping
Rivers and canals
Motor trucks
Oil pipe lines
Air carriers
76.8
62.3
14.1
1.6
2.8
4.4
0.3
14.4 10.3
2.6
3.7
8.4 4.8
11.1 9.5
0.1
0.1
72.7
70.0
67.5 64.4 61.5
9.9 10.3
3.0
3.5
8.0
4.6
12.4 10.6
0.1
0.1
10.7
4.3
8.7
11.8
0.1
11.0
4.6
10.5
12.3
0.1
Source:
Association of American Railroads.
Oonpared with 1926 railroads today are carrying more
freight traffic with fewer freight cars. This is illustrated
by the 73 percent increase in the ton-uilcs performance for
each freight train hour over this period.
The effect of thaa© factors of .increasing competition
and improved efficiency is to reduce the; railroad’
s need for new
equipment. Attempts to achieve economies by improving efficiency,
however, do provide large short-tern oquipnent orders as exempli
fied by tho dieselization progran currently underway.
Table VII
Percentage Distribution of Comercial Intercity Passenger
Traffic in the United States
44
: 1926•:
44»
1940 i• j.1943•! 1944.•* 1947!« 19481• 1949
Total
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Stean railroads
75.2 61.5 72.8 74.4 58.5 56.3 54.0
Electric interurban 11.7
2.4 1.6 1.6 1.0 0.9 0.9
Inland waterways
3.9 3.4 1.6 1.7 2.3 2.4 2.6
Buses
9.2 30.0 22.7 20.6 30.4 32.3 31.9
Air carriers
2.7 1.3 1.7 7.8 8.1 10.6
Sources
Association of American Railroads
Asl
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
Detailed Report
June 1950
TABLE
1
2
CONTENTS
PAGE'
Employees In Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry Division
and G r o u p ................... ...............................................
A:2
All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing
Industries. .. ...................................... ....................... .
A: 4
3
Indexes of Production-Lorker Employment and Weekly Pay Rolls in
Manufacturing Industries.........................................A: 9
H
Employees in Private and (J. S; Navy Shipyards, by Region..............
5
Federal Civilian Employment and Pay Rolls in All Areas and in
Continental United States, and Total Civilian Government Employment
and Pay Rolls in Wasiiinguon, D. C
.
.
A
*
6
7
8
A : 10
11
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry Division,
by S t a t e ............................. ..... ............... ..........
A:12
Employees in Nonagricultural 'Establishments by Industry Division, in
Selected A r e a s .......... ......................... •
....................
A;l6
Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing Industries................
As-19
Data for the 2 most recent months
shown are subject to revision
* * * * * * * * * *
I
i
t
Explanatory notes outlining briefly the .
jconcepts, methodology, and sources used j
jin preparing data presented in this reSport appear in the appendix. See pages j
___ ______ __ ___________________ j
A;2
?A31E lj
rn^loyees in Hcn&crlcultural Establishments, by Incustry
Division and Group*
(In thousands)
Industry division and group
1
TOTAL
MINING**
Metal mining
Anthracite
Bituminous-coal
Crude petroleum and natural gas production
Nonmetallic mining and quarrying
i
.j
j
CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
June
May
43,969
! 43,330
944
939
101.8
75.3
100.4
76.2
412.6
411.2
2 5 5 .8
99.6
2.413
I 14,681.
{ April
j*
Kay
June
I:
!
i 42.835
|- 42,731
|
968
974
939 ;
i
I
108.2
I
107.0
98.5 ■
77.0
75.3 !
77.i
431.6
419.0 i
424.5
251.4 !
260.1
261.9
98.0
9^.5
97.5
j
42,926
252.1
97.5 1
2,242
2,076 , j
14,421
14,162
2,205
i
i 13,884
7,813
7,548
7,392
2,137
15,877
7,441
i
DURABLE GOODS
Ordnance and accessories
Lumber and wood products (except furniture)
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products (except.ordnance,
machinery, and transportation equipment)
Machinery (except electrical)
Electrical machinery
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
NONDURABLE GOODS
F^od and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile-mill products
Apparel and other finished textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing, publishing, and allied industries
Chemicals and allied products
Products of petroleum and soal
Rub b e r products
Leather and leather products
7.971
,
23.5
805
j
!. 349
511
i
1,217
\
1
j
924
1
1,342
j
.8.09
.
I 1,307
j
243
440
1i
1
j 6,710
!
j
j 1,519
82
! 1,264
; 1,094
468
j
742
672
;
240
!
247
j
382
23.2
785
1
348
501
1,190
22.8
753
347 j
487
= 1,171
26.1
25.3
747
298
478
1,135
733
301
482
1.158
.
843
1.327
746
1.183
896
876
836
1,328
1,307
1.285
800
1,269
239
434
791
1,122
236
435
725
1,224
236
403
6,608
6 ,6l4
6.492
; 6,436
1,462
83
1,252
1,093
459
737
1,432
83
l, 26 l
1,119
458
735
675
234 j
238 i
1,501
91
1.170
1,073
434
725
642
246
230
380
5 1,436
90
1,175
670
236
242
374
379
238
404
1,070
437
722
j
654
246
233
373
See explanatory notes, sections A-G* and the glossary for definitions.
* Employment series, beginning January 1939 to date, incorporating revised data for the trade and
service divisions, I 939-I 946 inclusive, are available upon request. See Introductory notice,
**See footnote, table 2, page A : 8.
TABLE 1:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry
Division and Group (Continued)
(In thousands)
Industry division and group
;
nunc
r
.1250.
may
J.J. j
O UX1C
JL912.
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
;4,023
3.,888
3,928
4,031
;4,021
Transportation
Interstate railroads
Class I railroads
Local railways and bus lines
Trucking and warehousing
Other transportation and services
.2,813
1,407
:1,240
14?
576
2,688
2,733
1,356
2,800
2,792
l,4l6
1,188
1,230
159
540
1,237
159
532
691
685
Communication
Telephone
Telegraph
Other public utilities
Gas and electric utilities
Local utilities
1,299
1,135
149
1,410
683
562
678
150
554
673
662
659
657
614.4
46.7
610.7
609.2
691
636.6
46.9
46.9
53.1
695
639.1
54.5
548
541
522.2
515.8
2 5 .O
538
512.5
25.3
540
515.2
24.8
534
509.3
24.4
25.5
9,424
9,338
9,346
9,336
9,342
Wholesale trade
2,498
2,477
! 2 ,477
2 ,491
2 ,482
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Pood and liquor stores
Automotive and accessories dealers
Apparel and accessories stores
Other retail trade
6,926
1,432
6,861
6,869
1,466
1,200
6,845
1,401
6,860
706
1,208
670
1,203
661
TRADE
FINANCE
Banks and trust companies
Security dealers and exchanges
Insurance carriers and agents
Other finance agencies and real estate
SERVICE
Hotels and lodging places
Laundries
Cleaning and dyeing plants
1,206
1,432
1,205
714
530
1,434
731
533
3,024
2,980
545
2,952
553
3,013
564
2,998
1,826
: 1,812
1,803
1,774
1,763
427
420
645
421
59.2
640
694
692
639
686
4,826
4,790
4,757
4,834
4,804
475
451
441
487
464
362.0
155.9
353.3
347.4
146.1
361.0
154.1
352.6
153.1
60.0
58.2 |i
150.2
'
iI
417
.55.3
413
55.3
616
686
612
683
i
Motion pictures
GOVERNMENT
Federal
State and local
237
236
236
240
238
5,832
5,900
5,915
: 5,803
5.813
1,851
3,981
1,890
4,010
1,939
3,976
1,909
! 3,894
3,915
See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.
1,898
A si*
TABLE 2:
All Employees and Production Workers In Mining and Manufacturing Industries
(In thousands)
Production workers
Al l employees
1950
June
1! May
! April
— 1— '
In d u stry group and in d u stry
!
r
'
Juno
|
May
' , A pril
944
939
101.8
100.4
98.5;
90.3
89.0
87.2
56.0
35.9
27.9
30.3
24.8
19.2
32.5
24.8
17.4
24.8
20.0
16,6
16.6
75.3
76.2
33.8 ,
28.0 |
1 9 .1 ;
i
I
75.3 j
32.5
28.1
70.8
71.6
70.7
BITUMINOUS- COAL
411.2
412.6
1
419.0 ;
385.3
387.5
393.8
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS
PRODUCTION
255.8
252.1
251.4 ■
—
*"~
MINING**
METAL MINING
Iron mining
Copper mining
Lead and zinc mining
ANTHRACITE
Petroleum and n a tu ra l gas productioiji
NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES
i
99.6
j1
il4,68l
7,971
! 6,710
23.5
j
i
1,519
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
292.9
156.6
174.5
125.2
284.9
29.7
139.1
14,421
7,813
6,608
!
!
--
i
127.8
124.1
123.5
94.5|
87.3
84.9
82.4
:
j
14,162
>
.
j
;1 7,548
6,614
| 12,072
j
11,840
11,597
j 6,598
| 5,474
6,452
5,388
! 6,195
i 5,402
23.2 i
1,462
286.9
148,8 :
151.5 ;
121.5 |
2 8 7 .1 '
29.1 i
8 3 .7 ;
213.1j
13 5 .0 !
22.8;
18.9
|
1,432
j 1,142
282.7 ;
141.4 |
144.9 1
120.2 I
284.6 j
27. Oj
90.6!
04
90.2
226.0
97.3
|
O
'O
O
Meat products
D airy products
Canning and preservin g
G rain -m ill products
Bakery products
Sugar
Confectionery and re la te d products
Beverages
M iscellaneous food products
j
i
939
134.1,
18.6
1,090
232.3
114.5
149.0
95.3
227.2
190.9
1.92.7
24.4
72.7
146.6
99.4
24.9
73.8
157.5
103.3
108.3
126.4
92.4
18.3
1 ,0 6 5 .
223.3
102.8
119.9
91.4
191.0
22.6
74.6
140.9
98.4
1
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
C ig a re tte s
C igars
Tobacco and snuff
Tobacco stemming and redrying
1
82
83
25.4
39.5
12.0
25.5 1
39.7:
12.1:
i
5.7 =
83
|
25.5:
39.3 j
12.4 j
5.5!
"
See explanatory notes, sections A~G, and the glossary for definitions.
75
76
76
22.8
37.4
10.5
4.2
22.8
37.6
10.6
4.9
22.9
37.2
11 . 0
4.7
TABLE Zx
A;p
All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
..
Industry group and industry
... II j.
,
I
j
i
j* June
43*1 employee?5
' -135P _
* May
j April
]| 1.252
;
;:
153.2
155.9 !
611.9 i
603.3
2J0.2 i
231.7
1 *261;
TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS
¥arn and thread mills
Broad-Wov^n fabric mills
'
Knitting mills
i
Dyeing' and finishing textiles
tarpets, rugs, other floor coverings
Other tsxtile-mlll products
86.3 |
60.2 |
119.1 :
86.2
60.2
117.8
APPAREL AKB OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE
PRODUCTS
1.094
1,093
.
Men1s and boys1 suits and coats
148.9
11*3.1
Men1s and boys1 furnishings and work!
clothing
| 254.0
255.9
VIomen1s out erwear
j
286.2
279.9
Womens, children^ under garments I
102.2
99-7
Millinery
18.7
17.5 j
Children’
s outerwear
i
65.1
62.8
Fur goods and miscellaneous apparel j1
38.6 1
85.3
138,6
Other fabricated textile products
j 139.0
yjMBEF. AJ05 WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
5'UR*aroRiS)
rTlT^ITWE
Household furniture
Other furniture and fixtures
t
l,2ol
1,174
!1
1950
Hay
.-.
April
1,172
1,163
106.1
143.0
573.1
212.7
76.7
52.7
104.6
976
97S
li*6. t
134.9
128.9
131.7
258 .6'
238.2
241.3
254.1
92 ,e
271.6
136.9
236.7
246.0
89.7
15.1
59.0
77.2
117.7
154.7
08.3
145.9
581.3
210.9
7 6.6
60.9
52.8
602.8
236.1
117.8
j
j
1,119
305.2
105.5
2©.7
63.6
82.6
j
144.5
572.7
217.9
1
78.8
53.6
1^4.5
1,003
16.3
95.4
18 .O
57.2
74.2
58.0
71.8
116.6
115.4
692
78$
753
743
723
71.9 ]
471.7
67.1*
!*6o ,3
59.2
**39.8
67.3
441.5
430.3
121*. 1
121.7
75.3
120.2
7M-.1*
59.8
108.1
72.1
60.0
53.5
62.8
54.7
409.9
105.9
69.7
53.9
104.4
69.1
54.0
349
31*8
347
302
302
303
21*9.0
99.7
248.5
99.5
21*8.8
221.9
80.4
221.4
222.0
80.7
98.6
i
See explanatory^nctes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions,
June
305
77.5
59.6
AND FIXTURES
:1
Production workers
!
j
Logging ^.smps and contractors
S a f a r i t*\\? planing mills
M 5.3
o'* •p.-io , 'ind prefabricated
St'^Wv’
*U. i
products
>Toedi:n
Mlcc<?.;Lluvi^ous wood products
■
81.0
.
A: 6
TABLE 2:
All Employees and Production Workers in Mining-and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thpusands)
All er.ployees
Industry group and i n d u s t r y
f ■ May
- ..-.............. - ______ ____________
!'
i
June
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
\
4-68
j
235.5
124.5
107.5-
i 231.7
■121.4
; 105.8
74-2
' 737
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Other paper and allied products
1
•\
PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED
INDUSTRIES
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Commercial printing
Lithographing
Other printing and publishing
PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL
Petroleum refining
Coke and byproducts
Other petroleum and coal products
RUBBER PRODUCTS
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber footwear
Other rubber products
LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS
Leather
Footwear (except rubber)
Other leather products
j
!1
!
i
;
230.6
!
501
j
433.
! 497
:
198.9
150.3
33.8
35.0
!■ 166.0
;
I
149.3
34.5
34.7
164.0
31.0
84.1
= 147.7.
35.0
(
34.9
164.9
30.9
:
672
670
675
240
188.3
21.1
30.1
293.5
51.5
45.3
88.7
I
l
1
31.1
84.4
83.2
,485
53.6
147.8
41.6
53.2
153.4
54.5
150.0
6 1 .8 .
47.6
23.9
37.7
107.9
29.8
45.1
35.6
39.8
107.3
106.9
234
181
177
176
187.0
20.7
185.7
20.5
1 3 8 .018.5
136.1
28.6
27.8
24.5
135.6
17.9
22.3
71.8 •
196.0
93.4
69.3
35.9
50.0
154.0
' 236
70.5
194.1
93.4
69.1
!
I
i
I
i
I
247
242
238
j
;
1
110.0
24; 2
113.1
108/4
23.9
109.4
106.6
(
i
I
j
,
'
382
374
379
343
49.6
247.3
84.8
49.4
240.6
49.5
244.3
85.4
224.0
73,7
83.8
199
24.1
87.5
19.2
10 7.4
92.2
See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.
j ■201.6
i 200..7
1 103.3 . ! 103.4
|
86.8
1 86.6
735
39.9
105.7
!
j
! 391
105.6
106.8
!
!
:
* April
204.9
105.9-
107.2
296.2
2
m .
f June
?
May
\ '
'
! 400
i 392
!
|
!
;
j
t
121.3
51.3
i 45.4
197.6
40.0
:
j
j
\
| 458
293.2
• 51.2
45.5
199.8
40.0
73.5
199.0
9’
K5
72.5
29.9
48.1
154.6
1
April
K\
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial organic chemicals
Drugs and medicines
Paints, pigments, and fillers
Fertilizers
Vegetable and animal oils and fats
Other chemicals and allied products
I
1
!
;
459
f
00
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Production workers
1950
45.0
52.8
1 4 6 .0 .
60 .6 .
61.0
45.5
42.7
18 .1
23.2
I . 194
■ 191
.1 9 . 1
84.0 .
19.3
89.1
87.2
8 5.7
|
;
490
335
44.9
2 1 7.7
72.8
i
|
341
;
45.0
221.5
74.6
As7
TABLE 2:
All Employees arid Production Workers In Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
-----— ..... ..
- —— T
All employees
i
!
_ - .195.0...
June
11 May
April rt j!1
1>. ,,'„"f„
i
Industry group and industry
1
STOKE, C U Y , AND GLASS PRODUCTS
Glass and glass products
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster
products
Other stone, clay, and glass producti
1
511
501
487
5
441
134.5
42.7
128.8
!
118.2
! •-116.0
112.8
36.0
76.0
36.5
75.6
56.3
131.7
42.1
79.9
57.6
57.6
50.8
35.4
68.6
52.3'
92.9
101.7
89.7
100.0
86.4
97.1
82.8
1,217
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Production workers
1950
.May
!1 ...April
June
1,190
41.5
|i»l71
431
72.9
52.2
79.6
79.8
1
: 1,050
419
76.0
73.5
75.9
78.3
;1,025
1,007
1
Blast furnaces, steel works, and
rolling mills
Iron and steel foundries
Primary smelting and refining of
nonferrous metals
Rolling, drawing, and alloying of
nonferrous metals
Nonferrous foundries
Other primary metal industries
MACHINERY (EXCEPT 'ELECTRICAL)
538.0
599.2
227.9
220.3
215.7
55.2
54.6
54,2
’ 96.0
94.9
87.4
126.1
93.2
84.3
124.1
896
87 6
91.8
| 129.6
200.1
i!
•1
924
i
i 48.6
•156.4
45.6
154.4
152.5
• 149.0
| 198.4
145.4
192.4
143.9
! 190.3
162.2
: 156.3
195.6
188.0
i
1
1
170.5
200.6
jl.342
Engines and turbines
Agricultural machinery and tractors
Construction and mining machinery
Metalworking machinery
Speclal-irldustry machinery (except
metalworking machinery)
General industrial machinery
Office and store machines and device* 1
Service-industry and household
machines
Miscellaneous machinery parts
46.0
45.5
80.2
78.9
73.6
522.5
188.1
:
45.2
105.0
■77.1
70.7
103.3
1! 7 69
742
722
j
!
11
1*3.1
39.8
39.0
132.8
130.8
129.2
122,3
15^.3
119.1
148.3
117.7
148.0
• 168.1
140.2
163.9
134.4
155.6
77,?108.3
1,328
7-3 > 6180.6
73.5
180.3
97.8
212.3
:
95.9
44.6
|1,307
95.4
204.5
183.7
162.6
181.3
■
178.8
89.4
88.4
88.0
l 8l.O
181,8
156.6
! 175,6
158.8
j
| 1,034
-'(4.9 • 1
180.5
207.2
165.1
J!
i’
!
160.8
152.6
; 1,022
55.^ j
141.0 '■
]!
70.4
162.7
: 148.2
:i 120.7
56.0
141.4
68.4
158.1
145.8
1,003
53.4
142.4
• 68.3
155.4
122.6
120.9
128,7
73.5
125.9
•73.2
, .148.9
j 124.3
143.3
120.4
124.3
' 130.5
|
74.4. •=
See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.
}
529.4
193.0
I
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
ORDNANCE,*MACHINERY, AND
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)
Tin cans and other tinware
Cutlery, hand tocrls, and hardware
Heating apparatus (except electric)
and plumbers 1 supplies
Fabricated structural metal products
Metal stamping, coating, and
engraving
Other fabricated metal products
606.4
616.3
A:8
1VU3LE 2;
jij.} Employees ana rroauction Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Xnaustries (Continuea)
(In thousands)
Industry group and industry
Electrical generating, transmission,
distribution, and industrial
apparatus
Electrical equipment for vehicles
Communication equipment
Electrical appliances, lamps, and
miscellaneous products
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Automobiles
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and parts
Aircraft propellers and parts
Other aircraft parts and equipment
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing***
Railroad equipment
Other transportation equipment
INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic apparatus
Watches and clocks
Professional and scientific
instruments
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
ON
0
CO
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY
All employees
■ 1:950
June
)
May
! April
800
I!
Production workers
1950
_
1 June
! -Kay ..1 April
791
6l4
605
595
221.9
53.8
219.3
217.1
52.5
217.2
110.4
108.1
i
307.3 :
69.6 !
i 295.0 ;
307.3
67.8
303.3
66.6
288.6
287.6
221.9
55.9
225.9
j
136.2
133.7
110.4
136.2
1.269
1,307
894.2
257.2
!
1
170.7 !
52.1 7.8
26.6
81.0
6 6 .5
1H .5
63.7
11.1
|
2^3
| 1,122
862.4
254.4,;
169.3 1
50.8 j
7.9
26.4
80 ;1
66.3
13.8
61.8
10.7
239
]i
jI
j
!
>•
26.8
79.9
66.7
55.9
12.7
49.0
9.4
1 5 *2
58.4
10.1
236
48.5
28.1
28.0
28.5
139.4
137.1
Wo
434
|
764.0
187.3 I
125.1
37.2 |
5.819.8 "
68.6
720.3
253.3
167,9
50.7
7.9
25.0
49.1
24.9
50.1
1,078
181
1,046
899
736.3 • |
185.6 j
124.4 :
36.2 1
5.3 1
19.7 |
67.2 i
55.2 |
12.0 |
47.-6 1
9.1 i!
|
595.3
184.9
123.4
36.1
5.3
20,1
66.6
55.4
11.2
43,5
8,6
176
174
|
20.1
36.5
23.6
20.-2 j
35-4 \
23 *6 1
20.2
34.8
24.1
133.7" j
100.3.
97.0 |
94.8
435-
367
25.0
|1
36l-
.j
j
363
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
42.1 1
52.5 1
42i0
52.7 i
52.7
42.5
62.1
60.7 j
Toys and sporting goods
71.3 i
60.6
69.7
69.5
52.8 j
Costume Jewelry, buttons, notions
5 1 .5'
53.1
44.3
44.7
42.9 |
Other miscellaneous manufacturing
259.8
263.1
259.8 1.. 217.9
. 215.6:1 . 215,4...
Industries
See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions,
** Employment data for some of the mining industries have been revised. Metal mining, iron
mining, coppefr mining, and bituminous-coal mining employment data were revised from January 1947
forward. Lead and zinc mining production-worker data were revised for I 943-I 94S inclusive# The
..iinin,' division t o t a l :employment and the hours and earnings data were fiat affected by this re
vision, Summary sheets showing employment, hours, and earning*-'*iata, frcm January :1939 forward,
are available upon request ♦
*** Summary sheets Shoving employment, hours, and earnings data, from January 1947 forward, are
available upon requestt
TABLE 3s
Indexes of Production-Worker Employment and Weekly Pay Rolls in
Manufacturing Industries
(1939 Average *» 100)
Period
••
•
Production-worker
employment index
••
•
Production- worker
pay-roll index
Annual average:
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
100.0
100.0
107.5
132.8
156.9
183.3
113.6
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
178.3
157.0
155.2
343.7
293.5
271.7
326.9
351.4
1949
141.6
325.3
141.8
319.2
138.2
312.8
133.4
315.7
136.9
141.1
143.7
312.8
138.8
320.9
137.8
140.4
313.9
32$.3
139.8
139.9
329.2
330.0
141.0
141.6
144.5
147.4
333.5
337.2
348.8
2242
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1950
January
February
March
April
May
June
147.8
156.2
See explanatory notes, section D, and the. glossary for definitions*
164.9
241.5
331.1
323.0
335*1
362.2
At 10
TABLE 4:
Employees In Private and U. S # Navy Shipyards, by Region 1/
(In thousands)
!
Region
ALL REGIONS
PRIVATE
NAVY
1
1
i
i
*i
j
Private
Navy
SOUTH ATLANTIC
GULF:
Private
1
j
1950
May
1 9 4 9 ..........
' ' A p ril. *
June
S May
.134.9
132.5
133.9
176.5
| 183,5
66.5
66.3
66.7
91.3
i 95.1
68.4
66.2
67.2
85.2
j 38.4
68.1
65.8
65.5
87.0
1 89.3
37,1
31.0
35.7
30,1
35.5
30.0
49.4
37.6
! 50.5
: 38.8
22.8
22.8
22.2
28.4
1 29.2
8.5
14.3
8.4
13.8
11.9
16.5
12.1
17.1
9.3
8.9
9.0
13.9
14.7
28.5
28.5
29.8
40.1
43.0
6.4
23.4
9.0
31.1
10.5
32.5
3.4
2.5
2.7
7-9
14.9
.
'
!
|
PACIFIC
Private
Navy
•*
;
;
|
NORTH ATLANTIC
Private
Navy
June
!
6.0
22.5
•
6.7
21.8
:
!
GREAT LAKES:
Private
'
INLAND:
Private
!
!
2.1
2.4
1i
j
j
i!
4.i
j
4.1
4.0
1
;
4.6
4.6
1 / The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic
in the following states: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont*
The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic
in the following states: Georgia, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina.
The Gulf region includes all yards bordering on the Gulf of Mexico in the
following states: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas.
The Pacific region includes all yards in California, Oregon, and Washington.
The Great Lakes region includes all yards bordering on the Great Lakes
in the fpllowing states: Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin.
The Inland region includes all other yards.
A: 11
TABL2 5:
Federal Civilian Employment and Pay Rolls in All Areas and in Continental United States,
and Total Civilian Government Employment and Fay Rolls in Washington, D. C. 1/
(In thousands)
Area and branch
All" Areas
i
!
r
T*
i
Employment
(as of first of month)
1950
May
! April
. June
Pay rolls
(total for month)
I
1950
j1 June
!
May
^ April
I
1
(
TOTAL FEDERAL
Executive
Defense agencies
Post Office Department
Other agencies 2 /
Legislative*
Judicial
2 .022.2
2.010.3
780.6
497.4
732.3
8.1
3.8
2,110.9 j$551.574 . $ 577,915 , $539,71©
573,-026
2,099.0 1 546,748
535,057.
220,044
210,416
192,199"
773.7
130,361
131,117
129,051
503.9
211,721
821.4
207,281 ! 222,621
3,246
3,-232
8.1
3,270
1,441
3.8
1.-556
1,643
2,061.9
2,050.1
775.8
501.9
772-4
8-.0
3'.8
1
Continental
United States
TOTAL FEDERAL
Executive
Defense agencies
Post Office Department
Other agencies 2 /
Legislative
Judicial
1,871.2
1,859.4
6"4.6
495.5
i
689.3 <
8.1
;
3.7
1 ,910.2
1 ,898.5
1,959.8 i 517,089
1,948.0
512,305
670.1
50Q.0
728.4
777.8
8.0
8 .1
188^569
128,528
195.209
3,270
3*7
5.7
1.513
668.2
502.0
;
210,261
200,167
3.246
1,598 ;
3,232
1,401
84,018 |
5,705'
7 8 ,3 1 3 :
74,785 i
74,519
5,0?0
22,607
2,872 j
49 ,3 0 6 1
20,416
i
i1
;'
1
541,195 : 506,984
536,351 , 502,351
196,249 : 171,555
130,629
129,841
Washington, D. C.
TOTAL GOVERNMENT
D. C. government
Federal
Executive
Defense agencies
Post Office Department
Other agencies
Legislative
Judicial
;
j'
j
!
j
238.7
20.0
2 1 8 .7 '
209 .9 .
240.0
20.2
239.8
219.8
219.8 |
2U.1
21*1.0
64.8
7.7137.4'
8.1
.7,'
65.6
7.8
137.7
8.0
.7
20.0
6 5 .4 1
7 .9
137.7 !
8.1-j
.7 i
i
81,026
5,566
75’
,460
71,917 .
21,775
2,829
47,313
3,270
273
3,246!
282j
69,489
65,993
2,786
42,791
3,232
264
See the glossary for definitions.
1/ Data for Central Intelligence Agency are excluded.
2 / I ncludes’
131,800 Census enumerators in.April, 8*1',800 in May, in the continental United States
only.
TABLE
6:
kxlZ
*Emjvl<$yees .in N o n a g r i c u l t u r a l E s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y I n d u s t r y D i v i s i o n ,
by S t a t e
(i n t h o u s a n d s 7
i.... . . .. Total
.......
19^0______
June
^ay.. .
i
j
St at e
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
C a lifo r n ia
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware *
Dist* of Col« JL/
F U r ’i da
Georgia
152.8
1349
June
150.2
286.2
283.3
277.5
3 ,077.6 3 ,042.5 3,008.1
337.5
336.3
327.9
N.A.
742,0
73H.1
*
Contract construction^
Minins
1950
1949
19^0
1949.
June
June
May
June
June May.
2 3 .4 24,5
12 .6 ' 12,3
4 .7
5.2
32.0 31.7
8.1
8 .4
2/
1/
27.8
11,6
11.3
18.9
17.0
174.6
34.1
181.4..
22.8
1 8 ,4
10,2
N.A. 2/ 36.1 2/ 34,1
1 3 .4
7 .°
2J
763 .8.
10.3
14.4
l8l.8
19.9
N.A.
5.1
58.0
4 ,1
4 .4
44 .0
5^.7
40 ,3
46,7
34.9
5.6
, 5 .9
47.1
15.2
2 .3
1 7 .4
13,2
10,8
N.A.
53.0
36.7
3 2 .3
N«A»
4-9 .3
32.3
2.3,0
10.5
119.8
25.5 26.5
♦O
.7
2.8
1 .9,
2J
4 :3 6 2 .4
‘
.'4,7
-6,9
9 .9
45.6
57.6
15.7
17.5
4 0.5
36.5
38.7
9 .0
N.A.
13.5
17.1
6 .2
^ 5 .9
12.1
46.9
12.2
74-1 .5
4 .1
Idaho
Illinois *
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky l /
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland *
Massachusetts
123*1
128.9
. pr.A. 3,065.2
!l, 231.0 1,205.9 1,156.1
600.3
596.1
579 .^
4 ^9 .1
452.3
452.0
5 .7
li.k .
14.6
2.3
16.9
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Je rse y
New Mexico
1i
778.6
| 783.3
77^.3
1
| N.A. i , H 3.9 1,120.6
j 155.0
1 52.li 150.9
310; 6
'308.7
303.1
55.6
53.7
52 v° 1
I 6 3 , -4
107.3
163.5
j! i , 5 8 5 . 9 1, 56 0 .5 1 , 558.9
j1 1^ 7 .9
146.4
142,6
4.3
79.8
17.6
74.8
17.5
8.3
71.8
16,0
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohi#
‘
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Hhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
j 5 , 5 2 2 #2 5 , 496 ,3 5 ,479.0 11.0 10.7 11,6
j
3.6
H .8
113.4
109.2
1 11.4
%J
.9
j
j 464.1
4 6 1.4 43.1 42.8 43,8
458,7
!' *+37.5
430.1
422 .3
1.7
1.7
1.7
j 3,54-9-5 3 ^ 6 9 , 9 3 ,490.1 191.8 192.7 200t9
| 280.0
274.6
265.4
i/
i/
$/
{
1.2
1.2
1.1
j
2.6
2 .4
2 .5
230.3
220.6
2 16 ,4
9.6
6.9
9 .9
27.5
28.4
162.5
13.0
25,5
24.7
150.2
25.5
152.2
11.4
9 .2
Tennessee
Texas
Utah l /
Vermont
Virginia
-Washington
West V ir gi nia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
129.0
N•A•
258.3
26.0
2 57.4
681.3
686,2
699.7
[1,539.0 1 ,614.8 1,632.2
248.8
\
.7
1.9
i/
17.2
N.A.
10.9
3/
N.A,
14 .1
2.2
16.7
9 .3
10.0
2.9
• *3
10.9
3/
2,5
•3
11.1
10.5
11.6
3.8
3.7
i/
3.2
.3
\
I
i
707.7
702,3
186.0
180.3
9 5.5
94 .0
668.3
56 i.o
j
i
!
1
S e e f o o t n o t e s a t e nd
763.3
ni'8
88.5
9 86 .4
63.7
693.9
8 -2
9 .0
1 5 .3
4 .6
8,0
52.7
29.6
29.6
18.7
4.6
25.3
11.6 12.0 13.3
103,0 100.0 102,3
18^.4 12.7 12,5 13.3
1.0
1.0
1,1
9 5.1
39.9
38.9
. 35*7
15.0
4 .i
12*5
3.8
12,0
5.1
679.8
2.3
48,2
4-5.5
46,2
3,6
9.3
43.5
3 9 .4
4 2 .5
8 .3
3.2
3.2-
126.8 128.1
9 74.0
3.3
3*5
82.2
10.8 11.1
135.3
12,2
of table and e x p l a n a t o r y nates, s e c t i o n s G and H #
10,6
A:13
T A B L E 6:
Employees
in N o n a g r i c u l t u r a l E s t a b l i s h m e n t s
by State
(in t h o u s a n d s )
Man afacturing
State
June
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Dist* of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
1950
208,8
15.7
72.3
734.8
54.3
362.6
1+6.5
16. i+
86.5
265.3
20.8
N.a .
•
90.0
135.0
132.4
108.3
213.5
64 *+. 5
May
206.2
15.6.
71.1
722.0
53.4
359*5.
44.8
16.3
88.7
266*0
Trans,
19 4q
Jane
200.9.
Sc
May
1 19 %
June
53.0
N.A.
44.6
16.3
81.9
250.6
I
June
19 '56
1949
May
June
114.6
36.9
67.3
73^.5
20.7
32.0
20.6
50.5
51.7
41.9
40.5
41 .0
4 o.o
4 2 .4
N.A.
777.9
S 7 .7
124.5
118.3
37.6
69.6
765.6
86.2
122.9
2 9 .4
28.9
31.0
9 0 .3
90.1
91.2
1 1 :1
6 4 .4
66.7
167.0
167.8
I65.9
32.1
N.A.
31.8
N.A.
231,0
I6b,l
118.1
5 1.3
20.6
31.3 3 0 a
699.6 308.7 3? 7 .3 313.5
15.4
6 8 .4
Trade
pub . ut*
19 50
t Jape
by I n d u s t r y D i v i s i o n ,
66.6
65.6
22.6 16.3 15.8
16.1
17.9.
N.A, N.A. 294.2
N •A» 1 ,1 17.0
509.2 IO8.5 100.8 102.0
557.1
147.7
140.7 61.8 60.9 0O.5
88.0 6 2 .4 6o .4 62.7
88.3
126,6
131.3
132.4
133.2 76.7 76.0 79 .5
101.6
106.4 19.3 18.6 19.5
209.3.
211.1 7 3.9 70.0 73 .3
632.8.
6 29 .3 137.0 134.5 137.6
118.3
37.8
68.6
233.8
I65.0
118.1
136.7
49.9
119.8
88.8
N.A.
32.8
641.1
227.9
164.9
116.8
136.8
138.6
48.7
49.7
119.8
310.7
119.6
305.8
87.8
206.7
205.3
209.3
N.A. 120.9 122.9
3 l $ : l 22.9 22.3 2 2 .4
48.8 40.7 39 .4 40.3
8.1
8.5
8 .3
3.1
72.9 10.5 10.4 10.5
686.3 133.4 131.6 136.2
11.3 15.2 14.7 15.1
N.A.
287.9
292.0
37.8
37.6
8 8 .4
90.«
326.1
Michigan
Minnesota
Miss iss ippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
N e w Hampshire
N e w Jersey
New Mexico
1,103.1+ 1,069.1
N e w York
Nor t h 'Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvani a
Khode Island
oouth Carolina
South Dakota
1 ,744.3 1 ,739.0 1,702.1 502.6 '499.3 51^.3 1 ,217.4 1,212 .7 1 , 241.1
392.0
156.2
391.2
157.2
366.5 51.8 52.8 51.6
157.5
* .8
3 6 .4
6.0
36.2
14.1
14.2
13.6
37.1
5 .5
1,150.6 1 , 131.2 1,090.7
66.0
122.1
65.0
6 4 .4 48.2 47.1 *49.6
119.9
119.9
101.8
100.5
129.0
137.6
99.8
137.1 44.9 43.8 4 \>.3
668 .3
662.6
6^9.0
1 ,379.2 1,362.1 1 , 350.3 337.9 294,9 325.3
50.8
5O.5
49.8
131.6
123.2 -16.0 16.0 17.0
134.5
200.6
196.6 25.9 26.0 25.2
199.6
10.9
1 1 .4 11.4 11.1 1 1.4
36.8
11.4
36.9
37.5
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
YJisconsin
Wyoming
~ee footnotes
190.5
83 .7
N.A.
18.7
*+8.3
3 .1
75.7
.709.3
80.8
334.6
18.5
46 .6
3.1
74 .5
696.6
11.8
11.7
242 . 1 . 237.4
337.0
337.4
27.1 .
26.2
34 .1+ . 33.9
2 1 1 .4
213.3
109.6 . 169.4
131.4
129.6
4 l8 . 4
4 ii.o
5 .7 .
5.5
at e n d of t a b l e
976.6
184.8
75 .0
8 7.7
8 7 .1
89.2
11.5
28.8
270.5
33-5
232.2 ■55.8
55.6 56.2
328.7 226.1 224.3 217.1
27.1 .20.0 19.8 21.3
9.2
3 3 .4 • 9 .2
9 -3
153.1
180.5
65.1
156.1
5^.4
7 7 .6
13.4
84 .9
211.9
6 4 .4
51.5
402.9 . .7 6 .4
6.5 ■
15.1
125.9
62.9
50.2
7 4 .4
14 .4
and expla n a t o r y notes,
507,0
44 .1
18,0
20?. 3
17.5
s e c t i o n s G and H*
37.9
10.8
28.5
266.7
28.3
272.9
33.7
31.4
153.2
504.3
4 3.1
17.7
154.1
84 .2
206.7
16.6
11.4
155.6
491.2
4 3.0
18 .3
157.9
8 4 .2
206.7
17.6
T A B L E 6:
Employees
in N o n a g r i c u l t u r a l E s t a b l i s h m e n t s
A:l4
by Industry Division,
/ hy State
(in thousands.)
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecti cut
Delaware
D i s t # of Columbia
F l o rida
Georgia
Mich i g a n
Minneso ta
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New H a m p s h i r e «
New Jersey
Ne w Mexico
Ne w York
North Carolina
North.Dakota
Ohi*
Oklahoma
Oregon .
Pennsylvania
Rhode ,Island
South Carolina
South JDakota
Tennessee
Texas
U tah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wiscons in
Wyoming.
See footnotes
■11 h
*4.0
lM-5.6
13.2
36.4
36.9 1 16.5
4 .8
4.4
7 .3
1 .3
145.4 144 .3
13.0
1 3.0
N.A.
36.3
21.8
32.6
24 . 3
21.3
32.2
'3 .?
■
n: a .
3.6
,N.A.
3^.2
24.1
33.6
23.1
l'6.l
22.6
2’
1.3
26.5
'24.0
> 4
160.2
34.2
23.2
15.5
Governmen t
Service
1950
. .1949 . .
1950
. ■19^9 .
June
June
June
May
June
May
52.4
52.8 . 96.0.
18.0 32.7
33.7 4 8.7
376.6 513.2
47.6 62.5
N.A.
65.0
52.5
17.8
17.3
35.2
384.0
380.0
46.7
76.9
. 4 5 .3
75 .7'
35.1
9 7 .4
32.5
50.1
515.9
62.5
65.6
00
•
June
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
MaineMary l a n d
Massachusetts
Finance
! 19^9
May j June
1950
<
State
2J 58.2’
,2/ 60.0 237.7
.113.6
8O.6 114.8
78.7
78.5
14.2
N.A.
90.7
6 9 .4
46.6
14 . 6. 23.2
365.4 N.A.
90.9 126.4
i4 a
N.A.
90.6
69.3
94.6
31.2
49.3
523.7
61.5
N.A.
243.9
112.2
116,2
114.4
23.6
N.A.
23.1
3 2 0 .6
124.1
90.0
75*1
129.3
95.2
68.3
92.6
4 6 .9
76.7
78.0
17.5
6 .7
% •?
78.6
6 4 .3 9 0 .4
54.2
17.1
63.9
■6.5
24.7
, 25.2
6; 7
25.7 38.3
108.0 . 107.2 -91.7
109.1
30.9 . 29.9
77.8
77.3 3 / 199.4 i / 2 0 1 . 3 2/202.1 206.4
91.6
38.8
91.8
205.7
91.5
202.2
35.8
35.6
34.9
96.5
97.0 108.5
111.3
108.5'
' N.A.
5°‘«5
3 *.o
15 i9
■51.9
3.7
15.7
1.1
N.A.
135.0
'12 . 0
38.0
11.2
129.0 .N.A.
19.6 .2 7 .4
39.2 58.1
12.0 .10.5
137.8
? .9
4 .4
4 ;4
4 .4
57.7
3-5
19*9
164.9
17.7
161.5
23.1
1 9 .4
165.8 167.3
23.3 31.5
382.0
20.0
774.8
769 .7 .
766.6 658.1
3-4
13.2
16.2
1.1
56.9
3 .8 -
383.7
19.8
3.9
16,8
l4 *2
117.6
.10.5
15.9
46.9
17'.5
i;i
•56 iQ
3 i7
384:0
19 .‘4
3.8
19.9
39.1
23.5
95 .8 '
127.0
13.1
l6.-*>' 16*. 7 : '49-9
14 ;0
i 4 .o
”
46.9
116 .-0 H 5.5
,358.9
io-. a 2 / 2 5 . 5
10 .4
.50.1.
46.0
19*7
12.9
1 01.4
28.7
52.3 90 .5
46.6 .62.0
. :355*2 333-4
2/ 26.5 29.7
-59.0
4 .1
4.-0
4.0
'13.6
13.7
•22 ,4
70.0
6-.1
22.1
68.2
6.-0
2.8
22.2
66.1
•5.8
2'.8
■78.0
231.3
19.0
H.O
228 .6
18.1
10.6
232.1 266.8
. 19.I 42 .0
10.9 .14.8
25.5
9 .^
25.2
9.3
31.1
i » 7'
78.0
40.3
77.0
40.2
7 8 .1 123.1
4 i.i 55-7
9 1 .3 122.3
11 . 5. 14.5
2 .9
25.8
9*5
3l»^
1'.9
31.5
1*9
54.7
I0.8
77.7
'95.6
9.1;
at end of t a b l e and e x p l a n a t o r y n o t e s ,
13.8
30.6
7 7 .5 104,8
sections
G and H #
27.6
59.0
10.5
90.2
39.1
26.7
58.0
10.3
169.6
31.8
19.1
163.9
30 . 5 ,
660.3
103.0
643.0
19.7
29 .4
100.9
28.0
91.8
62.6
8 9 .4
337.5
331 .;7
30.9
29*7
30.1
60,5
60.1.
29.7
61.-1
105.4
101.2
42 .1
264.7
43.8
l 4.2
270.3
15.0
123.6 : 124.7
57.2
55 .2
124.3 118.2
14.5
14.0
A : 15
TABLii 6:
Employees
in N o n a g r i c u l t u r a l E s t a b l i s h m e n t s ,
by State
by Industry Division,
See explanatory notes, sections G and H #
* The manufacturing series for taese. States are based on the
Social
Security Bpard Classification (others are on the 19*+5 Standard Industrial
Classifi cati on ) *
1/ Revised series; not strictly- comparable with previously published data#
2J Mining combined with contract construction*
3 / Mining combined with service*
N.A*
-
Not available*
Aue
TABLE 7t En^lcyees in Nomgricultuml Establishments “
by Industry Division* Selected Areas
___
(in tbausaaods)
_______ ___________ __
Number of Employees'
dumber of Employees
1950
1 1949
Juw
Jur*e
AHIZOrA
Phoenix
Mining
fofcnufacturing
Trans* & Pub* Ut* JLj
Trade
Finance
Service
Tucson
Mining
l&nnfacturing
Trans* & Pub* Ut* 1J
^rado
Finance
Service
•1
*1
9.2
6*9
19*7
3*1
8*3
9.1
7*1
19*7
3*2
1*4
1.6
1*7
8*1
*9
4*2
8.8
1.4
1*7
1*8
6.1
1.0
4*5
jm ^ s k s
Little Bock
Total
Cent* Const*
Ifomfacturing
Trans* & Pub* Ut*
Trade
Fimnce
Service 2 f
GrovaniiDent
COlvltBJCTICUT
.Bridgeport
Cont* Const* 2 ]
Wanufacturing
Trans* & Pub* Ut*
Tradu
^inancq
Service
Hertford
Cont* Const* 2/
Ifemfacturing
Trsns* & Pub* Ut*
^mde
Finance
Service
Nbir Britain
Cont* Const* 2 f
Manufacturing
Trans, & Pub* Ut*
Trade
63*4
5*6
11.1
6*8
17*9
3*3
8*4
10.6
62*7
5.0
10.9
6.8
17*7
3*3
8*6
10.6
June
C0r^T,TIOT (Contfd*)
Nor Britain (Contfd.)
N.A*
finance
N*A* ‘ Service
N.A.
N.A*
New Ife,ven
N.A*
Cent* Const* 2 ]
N.A.
Jfenu&cturing
Trans* & Pub* Ut.
Trade
' HA*
Finance
N.A.
Service
N.A*
SUL
Waterbury
Cont* Const, 2 j
,. tf»A*
N.A.
Manufacturing
Trans. & Pub* Ut#
Trade
Hmnce
61*0
Service
, **«...
.5
.5
1*1
1.1
N.A.
N.A.
40.7
40.0
IT.A*
N.A.
N.A.
H*A.
N.A.
SU.
N.A.
N.A*
N.A.
H.A.
IT.A.
N.A*
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
39*2
IT.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
J
June
.5
1.1
5.3
38*7
13.2
19*9
4*7
8*3
1*7
35*5
o* 5
8*4
1.1
2*2
4*6
10.3
6*7
17*0
3.2
GEORGIA
Atlanta
Manufacturing
„ 57*9
58.6
56.3
8*6
10.8
Savannah
Manufacturing
12.6
12*7
10,8
19*2
18.8
18*2
3&*0
37*0
38*8
*1
*1
2*0
6.6
ic m
N.A.
N,A«
55.6
54*9
N.A*
N.A.
N.A*
N.A*
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A*
N.A*
60.7
60.3
N.A*
N.A.
N.A*
N*A.
N.A.
tf.A.
N.A.
N..W
3*8
49*6
4*9
16#6
2*1
5.3
7.1
57*9
6*9
35*7
23*2
9*9
1.0
1.0
1*0
25*1
24*4
22.7
1*2
1*2
1.2
4*3
4.3
4*4
Des Moines
Manufacturing
KANSAS
Topeka.
Totol
Mining
Cont* Const*
Manufacturing
Tmias* 4 Pub. Ut*
Tmde
Finance
Service
G-oVemiasnt
Wichita
Total
Mining
Cont* Const.
Mknufacturing
Trans* & Pub. Ut*
See footnotes at end of table and explanatoiy notes, sections G, H, and I*
1949
1950
*1
1.6
6*5
6*9
8*2
*9
6.4
6.7
8*0
2.0
7.0
8*2
1*9
4*4
4*4
8*6
8*6
1.9
4*5
8.7
78*4
1.3
5*0
24*7
77*2
1.3
4.7
24.4
6.7
77.7
1*4
4.7
24.3
7*3
6.8
A:17
TABLE 7s Employees in Nonagricultural Establi shunts by Industry Division, Selected Areas
•
'
(in thousands)
Number of Eraployees
Number of Employees
1950
1949
1950
1949
June
June
Jttt*3 [ ik s
June
Mr*y.
KMTSVS "(Cont’ d.)
MISSOURI (Cont1A*)
i
Wichita (Cont’ d.)
Kansas City (Cent* d* )
Tride
39.3
21*5
21* 3
21*3
ixsans* & Pub* Ut#
; 40*3 | 39*9
Finance
89*9
3*7
3*6
Tirade
92*8 I 9 i a
3.5
Service
18*5
8,7
8.S
8*6
limnce
18*5 j 18*6
Governck-at
6*7
6*5
40*5
6*8
‘10.1 j 40*0
Sbrvice
20*8
20*6 | .20.6
Government
Louisiana
|
i
New Orleans
\
St* Louis
Manufacturing
47*8
47*4
48.2
191.5
195*8
J&jaufacturiag 3j
197,3
1
MNI-TESOTA.
m t »
Dulutri
Beno
Total
41,8
41.1 1!
41.1
.3
*1
i3
Mining
Cont. Const*
2*0
2.2
1*5
1 .5
25.1
Cont, Const,
2*7
Manufacturing
11*3
10. 5
11*3
1*4
1*3
1.4
Mmufac. tur ing
Trans* & Pub* Ut*
7.1
6*9
1*2
7*0
Trans. & Pub. Ut* 1J
1.1
l.l
Trade
10.7
11* 5
5.4
10*3
5.1
Txnde
5*3
Finance .
1*4
1.4
*7
Finance
•8
.8
I*4
Service 2 /
'5*2
5.0
5*2
5*3
5.1
Service .
5,3
Government
4*1
4*0
4*1
NEST JERSEY
Minneapolis
i Trenton
Total
2454 6
244*3
241*0 ji
43.6
40.3
44,5
Manufacturing
Cont, Const*
13*9
12.5
12*8
Manufacturing
66*0
64*2
61*3
sm im io o
Trans. & Pub* Ut*
24*9
24*7
25*4
Albucruerque
Trade
75*0
75*0
5.6
6.2
76*3
Cont* Const*
6*2
finance
16*1
15.9
16*1
4.7
4 .0
4*9
%n.ufacturing
Service 2 j
28*2 ' 28*1 ’ 28.7
2*7 ' 2.4
2*8
Tinns. & Pub. Ut* i f
Government
9*6.
23*1
a a
21*8
11*1
Trade
11*1
2*1
1.7
2*3
Finance
St. Paul
6.1
6*3
Service 2]
6*3
*
Total
140*2
139*4 136*0
Cont. Const*
6*9
6.6
7*2
METC YC2E
1'feufacturing
40*0
38*8
40.4
Albany«*Sch.etiect; vdy-Troy
Trans* & Pub* t?t*
19*8
77.9
75*3
19*9
19*8
?5i2
Mmufacti iving
^is-tde
33.9
33.2
34i 5
Finance
8.4
8*3
8l3
Binghamt on«Er,d1cot t Service zf
1440
14*2
14.2
Johnson City
Government
15* 2
35.7
3548
15*9
16.2
35.9
Manufacturing zj
MISSOURI
Kansas City (including
feisas City, l&msas)
total
Minitig
Sent* Const*
Manufacturing Zj
Buffalo
Ukm f'a c tur iiig
319.3
*9
16*3
89*9
314,1
*8
16.0
87*3
310.2
.7
16.3
84* 3
Elmira
Itonfacturing zj
Sea footnotes nt end of table fttjd explanatory notes» Actions G» H f and I*
180*6
178.8
167.7
14*8
14.5
13*1
A:l8
TABLE 7:
Employees in Nomgri cultural Establishments by Industry'Division, Selected Areas
(in thousands)
Kunioer of Eroployees
Number of Employees
1949
1950
1S49
1950
Jura-j
M
ay
Juno
’ June
Juno . ‘
Miy
*
IW YGBK (Caat*d.)
5¥21NEStJEE (Coat'd.)
King.ston~Newburgh~
Kpoxville (Coiit’ d .)
Poughkeepsie
■ 1 .8 .
1.9
1.9
Finance
Manufacturing
34# 0
33.8.. 33.0
8.1 ■ 8.2
8.1
Service
9.9
9.8
Government
9.8
New York City
Manufacturing
935.7
9 4 2 .5 ’ 915.4
Memphis
.4
#4
.4
Mining
,
Bachester
Manufacturing
38.2
38.5
39.3
Manufacturing
97.7
99# 4
95.3
17.1
17.2
16.5
^irras. & Pub. Ut.
;
39.9
39.0 ■ 39.1
Trade
Syracuse
5.4
5.3
FiniutcB
5#5
Manufacturing52.4*
51.5
48.5
Service
22.2 . 22.3
22.7
13*4
13.4
14.1
Government
’Ut ica~Bome~Herki mer ^
L ittle Falls,
'Sishville
Manufacturing..
42.9
42*7 ' 40.3
32.5
Manufacturing
30.4
33.2
NDBTH CABOLIWx
Charlotte
Mtnufa ctur ing
20.1
19.9
19.3
OlttAHCm
Oklahoma City
Manufacturing
14.2
14.1
&A*
^ulsa
!'4tnufactur ing
. 17.2
IS. 7*
N.A.
SOUTH GftPOLim.
Charleston
Manufacturing
8 .3
TENNESSEE
Qhattfinooga
Mining
Manufacturing
Tians, & Pub. Ut.
Trade
Finance
Service
Government
38.7
5.2
14.6
2.3
9 .7
7.9
Knoxville
Mining
Manufacturing
Trans. & Pub. Ut.
'^nde
.2
8.6
8.9
♦3
38.3
5.1
15.0
2.3
9 .5
7.7
4.
35.8
5.0
13,6
2.5
9.4
7.1
1.2
1.2
27.7
S« 5
14# 4
27.6
6 .5
14,4
1.3
26.1
6.8
14.5
m s -UNGTON
Seattle
Total
Cent. Const#
Manufacturing
Tmns. & Pub. Ut*
Trade
finance
•Service 2j
Government
Spokane
^otal
Cent. Const#
Muiufac tur ing
Trans. & Pub. Ut#
Trade
Finance
Service 2j
Government
Tf;'C0TT).
Total
Cont. Const#
Minufac tur ing
Trans. & Pub. Ut.
Tm-de
Finance
Service 2j
Government
1J Excludes in terstate railroads*
2j Includes mining and quarrying*
Zj Bevised series; not s tric tly comparable with previously published data#
N#A. ~ Hot available.
See explanatory notes s, sections G, H and I.
241.8
13.9
58.0
26.1
64*6
13.7
33.7
31.7
240# 5
13.0
58.1
26.1
64.6
13. 5
33.4
31.8
248.3
13.3
64.8
26.0
63.5
13.9
33.6
33.3
64*2
4 .3
12.5
63.4
4 .3
12.3
10.3
17.6
64.4
4.9
11.9
10.7
17.4
9.3
6.7
9 .4
7.4
64.5
4*1
3.8
19.3 i 18.4
6 .5
6 .5
13.9
13.8
2#3
2.3
S. 7
6.7
13.2 |
! 13,1
64*7
4 .0
17.8
6 .4
13.9
10.6
18.0
2.9
9.3
6.7
66.0
2.8
2.8
2.2
6.8
13.7
A; 19
TABLE 0:
Production Workers In Selected Manufacturing Industries
(In thousands)
Industry
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS:
Meat packing, wholesale
Flour and meal
Confectionery products
Malt liquors
Distilled liquors, except brandy
TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS:
Yarn mills, wool (except carpet), cotton
and eilk systems ‘
Cotton and rayon broad-woven fabrics
Woolen and worsted fabrics
Full-fashioned hosiery mills
Seamless hosiery mills
Knit underwear mills
.Wool carpets, rugs, and carpet yarn
Fur-felt hats and hat bodies
June
j
!
!161,5
' 26.9
i 56.3
j 66.1
j 20.3
j
j
|104.6
|404,0
! 109.1
| 64.5
\ 50.1.
i 31.3
38.4
April
1
158.8
27.0
156.9
26.9
57.1
55.8
58.6
60.8
20.0
101.9
402.9
103.9
65.3
50.2
19.2
102.9
404,4
' 102.9
66 .4
52.7
32.8
31.9
38.. 1
8.8
8.1
37.8
7.6
78.9
11.7
80.4
82.5
11.6
11.6
118.9
26.7
118.9
26.9
20.1
19.5
4,8
53.8
j
APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS:
Men*s dress shirts and nightwear
W ork shirts
j
j
FURNITURE AND FIXTURES;
j
Wood household furniture, except upholstered! 119.8
Mattresses and bedsprings
, 27.0
i
II1
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS:
Plastics materials
20.5
Synthetic rubber
5-5
54.1
Synthetic fibers
Scap and glycerin
1i 18.3
STONE, CIAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS:
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, not elsewhere
classified
Brick and hollow tile
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES:
Gray-iron foundries
Malleable-iron foundries
Steel foundries
Primary copper, lead, and zinc
Primary aluminum
Iron and steel’forgings
Wire drawing
:
18.8
39.4
38.7
36.6
32.6
29.3
31.8
32.3
27.9
26.8
137.4
132.7
22.2
130.1
22.0
j
23.0
40.6
38.8
26.1
26.1
28.5
8.6
27.9
39.6
38.6
8.4
27.3
38.4
42.1
26.4
8.6
See note at end of table, and explanatory-notes, section A,
5.0
53.7
18.4
A:20
TABLE S:
Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
Industry
FABRICATED’
METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE,
MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION E Q U I PMENT):
Cutlery and edge tools
Hand tools, not elsewhere classified, files,
hand saws, and saw blades
Hardware, not elsewhere classified
Metal plumbing fixtures and fittings
Oil burners, heating and cooking apparatus,
not elsewhere classified
Structural and ornamental products
Boiler shop products
Metal stampings
MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL):
Tractors
Farm machinery, except tractors
Machine tools
Metalworking machinery, not elsewhere
classified
Cutting tools, jigs, fixtures, etc.
Computing and related machines
Typewriters
Refrigeration machinery
Machine shops
1
ij , irjl . ,
!! June
i1
1950
!
May
»
April
!
[!
22.7
23.1
23.1
1
32.0
|
|I'
73.5
28.4
31.8
71.7
31.4
70.7
28.1
27.9
73.6
55.6
45.5
72.5
54.3
44.4
!
i
I
76.5
57.4
^ .9
1 113.9
i
65.9
73,2
38.7
.
•
108.3
102.3
56.4
73.0
37.7
66.0
74.8
37.0
35.2
34.5
60.5
60.1
33.9
17.8
112.3;
33.7
33.7
17.4
105.8
32.2
150.9
146.0
.143.7
34.7
34.6
34,8
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT:
Locomotives'and parts
Railroad and streetcars
20.4
30.4
20.5
28,4
20.0
24.7
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES*
Silverware and plated ware
16.9
17.0
17.0
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY:
Radios and related- products
Telephone and telegraph equipment and
communication equipment, not elsewhere
classified
!
35.8
i 62.8
j 34.2
j 17,9
! 111.3
I
35.3
ii
1
See explanatory notes, section A,
N O T E : These series include production and related workers who worked during, or received
pay for, the pay period ending nearest the 15 th of the month. The series are based on the
levels of employment indicated b y the 19^7 Census of Manufactures and have been carried
forward by use of the employment changes reported by the BLS monthly sample of
cooperating establishments. The. series shown in this table are not comparable with data
shown in table 2 of this R e p o r t , since the latter are adjusted to 19^7 levels indicated
by data from the social insurance programs. Data from January 19^7 a**e available upon
request to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Such requests should specify the series for
which data are desired.
EXPLANATORY NOTES
Section A, Scope of the BLS Employment Series - The Bureau of Labor Statistics
publishes each month the number of employees in all aonagricultural establishments and in
the 8 major Industry divisions: mining, contract construction, manufacturing, transporta
tion and public utilities, trade, finance, service, and government. Both all-employee and
production-worker employment series are also presented for 21 major manufacturing groups,
10? separate manufacturing industries, and the durable and nondurable goods subdivisions.
Within nonmanufacturing, total employment information is published for 34 series,
Production-worker employment is also presented for most of the industry components of the
mining division.
Beginning*with the March 1950 issue of this Re g o r t , table 'f shows productionworker data for 53 new Industries. These series are based on the levels of employment
Indicated by the 19^7 Census of Manufactures-and have been carried forward by use of the
employment changes reported by the BLS monthly sample of cooperating establishments.
These series are not comparable with the data shown in table 2 since the latter are a d
justed to 1947 levels indicated by data from the social insurance programs..
Hours and earnings Information for manufacturing and selected nonmanufacturing
industries are published monthly in the Hours and Earnings Industry Report and in the"
Monthly Labor R e v i e w ,
Section B # Definition of Employment - For privately operated establishments
in the nonagricultural industries the ELS employment Information covers all full- and
part-time employees who were on the ray roll, i.e., who worked during, or received pay
for, the pay period ending nearest the 15 th of the month. For Federal establishments the
employment period relates to the pay period ending prior to the first of the month; in
State and local governments, during the pay period ending on or just before the last of
the month* Proprietors, self-employed persons, domestic servants, unpaid family workers,
and members of the armed forces are excluded from the ‘
employment information.
Section C. Comparability With Other Employment Data - The Bureau of Labor
Statistics employment series differ from the Monthly Report on the Labor. Force in the
following respects: (1 ) The BLS series are based on reports from cooperating establish
ments, while the MRLF is based on employment information obtained from household inter
views; (2 ) persons who worked in more than one establishment during the reporting period
would be counted more, than .once in the BLS series, but not' in the MRLF; (3) the BLS infor
mation covers all full^ and part-time wage and salary workers in private noftagricultural
establishments w h o :worked during, or received pay for, the pay period ending nearest the
15 th of the month; in Federal establishments during the pay period ending just before the
first of the month; and in State and local government during the pay period ending on or
just before the last of the month, while the MRIP series relates to the calendar week which
contains the 8 th day of the month; (4) proprietors, self-employed persons, domestic
servants, and unpaid family workers are excluded from the BLS but not the MELF series.
Section D. Methodology - Changes in the level of employment are based.on
reports from a sample group of establishments, inasmuch as full coverage is prohibitively
costly and time-consuming. In using a sample, it is essential that a complete count
or “bench mark" be established from which the series may be carried forward. Briefly,
the BLS computes employment data as follows: first, a bench mark or level of employment
is determined; second, a -sample of establishments is selected; and third, changes in
employment indicated by this reporting sample* are applied to the bench mark to determine
the monthly employment between bench-mark periods. An illustration of the estimation
procedure used in those Industries for which both all-employee and production-worker
employment information Is published follows: The latest production-worker employment
- i -
bench mark for a given industry was 50*000 in January. According to the BLS reporting
sample, 60 establishments in that industry employed 25,000 workers in -January and
26,000 in February, an increase of 4 percent. The February figure of 52,000 would be
derived by applying the change for identical establishments reported in the JanuaryFebruary sample to the bench marks
50,000 x 26,000 ( or 1 . 04 ) » 52,000
25,000
The estimated all-employee level of 65,000 for February is then determined by using
that m o n t h !s sample ratio (. 800 ) of production workers to total employment,
^ lo o
*or m u ltlPlie d
1.25) = 65,000}.
W h e n a new bench mark becomes available, employment data prepared since the
last bfcnch mark are reviewed to determine if any adjustment of level is required* In
general, the month-to-month changes in employment reflect the. fluctuations shown by
establishments reporting to the BLS, while the level of employment is determined by
the bench mark*
The pay-roll index is obtained by dividing the total weekly pay roll for a
given month by the average weekly pay roll in 1939* Aggregate weekly pay rolls for all
manufacturing industries combined are derived by multiplying gross average weekly
earnings by production-worker employment,
Section E* Sources of Sample Data - Approximately 120,000 cooperating
establishments furnish monthly employment and pay-roll schedules, by mail, to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics. In addition, the Bureau makes use of data collected by
the Interstate Commerce Commission, the Civil Service Commission and the Bureau of the
Census.
APPROXIMATE COVERAGE OF MONTHLY SAMPLE USED-IK
BLS EMPLOYMENT AND PAY-ROLL STATISTICS
Division or
industry
Mining
Contract construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public, utilities':
Interstate railroads (ICC)
Rest of division (BLS)
Trade
Finance
Service:
Hotels
Laundries and cleaning and dyeing:plants
Government:
Federal (Civil Service Commission)
State and local (Bureau of Census-quarterly)
*
♦
Employees
Number of
Number in t Percent
establishments'
sample
: of total
. ,,, „ .... : r ..: ,J5- '
2,700
15,000
35,200
460,000
450,000
8,845,000
—
46,300
1,359,000
1 ,056,000
1 ,379,000
6,000
281,000
15
16
1,200
1,700
115,000
86,000
25
1?
1 ,885,000
100
2,400,000
62
10,500
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**7
23
62
98
41
Section P. Sources of Bench-Mark Data - Reports from Unemployment Insurance
Agencies presenting (1) employment in firms liable for contributions to State unemploy
ment compensation funds, and (2 ) tabulations from the Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors
Insurance on employment in firms exempt from State unemployment insurance laws because
of their small size comprise the basic sources of bench-mark data for nonfarm employment.
Most of the employment data in this report have buen adjusted to levels indicated by
these sources for 191i7 • Special bench marks are used for industries not covered by the
Social Security program. Bench marks for State and local government are based on data
compiled by the Bureau of the Census, while information on Federal Government employment
is made available by the U. S. Civil Service Commission. The Interstate Commerce
Commission is the source for railroads.
Bench marks for production-worker employment are not available on a regular
basis. The production-worker series are, therefore, derived by applying to all-employee
bench marks the ratio of production-worker employment to total employment, as determined
from the Bureau*s Industry samples.
Section G. Industrial Classification - In the BLS employment and hours and
earnings series, reporting establishments are classified into significant economic
groups on the basis of major postwar product or activity as determined from annual
sales data. The following references present the industry classification structure
currently used in the employment statistics program*
(1 ) For manufacturing industries - Standard Industrial
Classification Manual, Vol. I, Manufacturing
Industries, Bureau of the Budget, November 19^ 5 ;
(2 ) For nonmanufacturing Industries - Industrial
Classification Code, Federal Security Agency,
Social Security Board, 19^2 *
Section H* State Employment - State data are collected and prepared in
cooperation with various State Agencies as indicated below. The series have been
adjusted to recent data made available by State Unemployment Insurance Agencies and
the Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance. Since some States have adjusted to
more recent bench marks than others, and because varying methods of computation are
used, the total of the State series differs from the national total. A number of
States also make available more detailed industry data and information for earlier
periods which may be secured directly upon request to the appropriate State Agency.
The following publications are available upon request from the BLS Regional
Offices or the Bureau’
s Washington Office:
Nonagricultural Employment, by State, 1947^48-49j
Employment in Manufacturing Industries, by State,
1947^48^49 (in process).
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COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES
Alabama - Department of Industrial Relations, Montgomery 5 .
Arizona - Unemployment Compensation Division, Employment Security Commission, Phoenix.
Arkansas - Employment Security Division, Department of Labor,.Little Rock.
California - Division of Labor Statistics and Research, Department of Industrial Relation's,
San Francisco 1 .
Colorado - Department of Employment Security, Denver 2 .
Connecticut - Employment Security Division, Department of Labor and Factory Inspection,
Hartford 5 *
Delaware
Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Philadelphia 1 , Pennsylvania,
District of Columbia - U. S. Employment Service for D. C., Washington 25#
Florida - Unemployment Compensation Division, Industrial Commission, Tallahassee*
Georgia - Employment Security Agency, Department of Labor, Atlanta 3 *
Idaho - Employment Security Agency, Boise,
Illinois - Division of Placement and Unemployment Compensation, Department of Labor,
Chicago -54.
Indiana - Employment Security Division, Indianapolis 9 *
Iowa - Employment Security Commission, Des Moines 9 ,
Kansas - Employment Security Division, State Labor Department, Topeka*
Kentucky - Bureau of Employment Security, Department of Economic Security, Frankfort*
Louisiana - Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor, Baton Rouge 4 *
Maine - Employment Security Commission, Augusta.
Maryland - Employment•Security Board, Department of Employment Security, Baltimore 1 .
Massachusetts - Division of Statistics, Department of Labor and Industries, Boston 10.
Michigan - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Detroit 2f*
Minnesota - Division of Employment and Security, St. Paul 1 .
Mississippi - Employment Security Commission, Jackson.
Missouri - Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor and Industrial Relations,
Jefferson City.
Montana - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Helena.
Nebraska « Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor, Lincoln 1 .
Nevada - Employment Security Department, Carson City.
New Hampshire - Employment Service and Unemployment Compensation Division, Bureau of
Labor, Concord.
New Jersey - Department of Labor and Industry, Trenton 8 .
New M e x i c o - Employment Security Commission, Albuquerque.
New York - Bureau of Research and Statistics, Division of Placement and Unemployment
Insurance, New York Department of Labor, 342 Madison Avenue, New ’
York 17.
North Carolina - Department of Labor, Raleigh.
North Dakota - Unemployment Compensation Division, Bismarck.
Ohio - Bureau of Unemployment Compensation, Columbus 16.
Oklahoma - Employment Security Commission, Oklahoma City 2 .
Oregon - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Salem.
Pennsylvania - Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Philadelphia 1 (mfg*)j Bureau of
Research.and Information, Department of Labor and Industry, Harrisburg
(nonmfg*).
Rhode Island - Department of Labor, Providence 2 *
South Carolina - Employment Security Commission, Columbia 10*
South Dakota - Employment Security Department, Aberdeen.
- iv -
Tennessee - Department of Employment Security, Nashville 3.
Texas - Employment Commission, A u s t i n .19.
Utah - Department of Employment Security, Industrial Commission, Salt Lake City 13.
Vermont - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Montpelier.
Virginia - Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor and Industry, Richmond.
Washington - Employment.Security Department, Olympia.
West Virginia - Department of Employment Security, Charleston.
Wisconsin - Industrial Commission, Madison 3.
Wyoming - Employment Security Commission, Casper*
Section I. Area Employment - Figures on area employment are prepared by
cooperating State agencies# The methods of adjusting to bench marks and of making
computations used to prepare State employment are also applied in preparing area infor
mation* Hence, the appropriate qualifications should also be observed. For a number of
areas, data in greater Industry detail and for earlier periods can be obtained by
writing directly to the appropriate State agency,
GLOSSARY
All Employees or Wage and Salary Workers - In addition to production and related workers
as defined elsewhere, Includes workers engaged in the following activities: executive,
purchasing, finance, accounting, legal, personnel (including cafeterias, medical, etc.),
professional and technical activities, sales, sales-delivery, advertising, credit collection,
and in installation and servicing of own products, routine office functions, factory
supervision (above the working foremen level). Also includes employees on the establish
ment pay roll engaged in new construction and major additions or alterations to the
plant who are utilized as a separate work force (force-account construction workers).
Continental United States - Covers only the 48 States and the District of Columbia.
Contract Construction - Covers only firms engaged in the construction business on a
contract basis for others. Force-account construction workers, i.e., hired directly
by and on the pay rolls of Federal, State, and local government, public utilities, and
private establishments, are excluded from contract construction and included in the
employment for such establishments.
Defense Agencies - Covers civilian employees of the Department of. Defense (Secretary of
Defense; Army, Air Force, and Navy), Maritime Commission, National Advisory Committee
for Aeronautics, The Panama Canal, Philippine Allen Property Administration, Philippine
War Damage Commission, Selective Service System, National Security Resources Board,
National Security Council.
Durable Goods - The durable goods subdivision includes the following major groups:
ordnance and accessories; lumber and wood products (except furniture); furniture and
fixtures; stone, clay, and glass products; primary metal industries; fabricated metal
products (except ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment); machinery (except
electrical); electrical machinery; transportation equipment; instruments and related
products; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries,
- v
Federal Government - Executive Branch - Includes Government corporations (including
Federal Reserve Banks and mixed-ownership banks of the Farm Credit Administration) and
other activities performed by Government personnel in establishments such as navy yards,,
arsenals, hospitals, and on force-account construction. Data, which are based mainly
on reports to the Civil Service Commission, are adjusted tp maintain continuity of
coverage and definition with information for former periods.
Finance - Covers establishments operating i*i the fields of finance, insurance, and real
estate; excludes the Federal Reserve Banks and the mixed-ownership banks of the Farm
Credit Administration which are included under Government.
Government
Covers Federal, State, and local governmental establishments performing
legislative, executive, and judicial functions, as well as all government-operated
establishments and institutions (arsenals, navy yards, hospitals, etc.), government
corporations, and government force-account construction. Fourth-class postmasters
are excluded from table 1, because they presumably have other major Jobs; they are
included, however, in table 5 .
Indexes of Manufacturing Production-Worker Employment - Number of production workers
expressed as a percentage of the average employment in 1939 .
Indexes of Manufacturing Production-Worker Weekly Pay Rolls - Production-worker weekly
piay rolls expressed as a percentage of the average weekly pay roll for 1939 .
Manufacturing - Covers only privately-operated establishments; governmental manufacturing
operations such as arsenals and navy yards are excluded from manufacturing and included
with government.
Mining - Covers establishments engaged in the extraction from the earth of organic and
inorganic minerals which occur in nature as solids, liquids, or gases; includes various
contract services required in mining operations, such as removal of overburden,
tunnelling and shafting, and the drilling or acidizing of oil wells; also includes ore
dressing, beneficiating, and concentration.
Nondurable Goods
The nondurable goods subdivision includes the following major groups:
food and kindred products; tobacco manufactures; textile-mill products; apparel and
other finished textile products; paper and allied products; printing, publishing, and
allied industries; chemicals and allied products; products of petroleum and coal;
rubber products; and leather and leather products.
- vi
Pay Rolls - Private pay rolls represent weekly pay rolls of both full- and part-time
production and related workers who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the
pay period ending nearest the 15 th of the month, before deductions for old-age and
unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, and union dues; also,
includes pay for sick leave, holidays, and vacations taken. Excludes cash payments
for vacations not taken, retroactive pay not earned during period reported, value of
payments in kind, and bonuses, unless earned and paid regularly each pay period. Federal
civilian pay rolls cover the working days in the calendar month.
Production and Related Workers - Includes working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers
(including lead m en and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspec
tion, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, maintenance, repair,
janitorial, watchman services, product development, auxiliary production for plant*s own
use (e.g., power plant), and record-keeping and other services closely associated with
the above production operations.
Service - Covers establishments primarily engaged in rendering services to individuals
and business firms, including automobile repair services. Excludes all governmentoperated services such as hospitals, museums, etc., and all domestic service employees.
Trade - Covers establishments engaged in wholesale trade, i.e., selling merchandise to
retailers, and in retail trade, i.e., selling merchandise for personal or household
consumption, and rendering sex’
vices incidental to the sales of goods.
Transportation and Public Utilities - Covers only privately-owned and operated enter
prises engaged in providing all types of transportation and related services; telephone,
telegraph, and other communication services; Dr providing electricity, gas, steam, water,
or sanitary service. Government operated establishments are included under government,
Washington, D. C« - Data for the executive branch of the Federal Government also include
areas in Maryland and Virginia which are within the metropolitan area, as defined by the
Bureau of the Census,
- vii -
:l s
51- 537)
Labor - D.C,
@FedFRASER