Full text of Employment and Payrolls : June 1935
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Serial N o. R . 267
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Isador Lubin, Commissioner
Employment and Pay Rolls
(Formerly “ Trend of Employment” )
+
June 1935
Prepared by
Division of Employment Statistics
L e w is
E.
T a lb e r t,
Chief
and
Division of Construction and Public Employment
H e r m a n B. Byer , C hief
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1935
CO N TEN TS
Page
Employment in June 1935.:_____________________________________ __________
Industrial empl oyment____________________________________________________
Manufacturing industries_____________________________________________
Factory employment and pay rolls since 1929___________________
Estimated number of wage earners and weekly pay rolls________
Trade, public utility, mining, and service industries__________________
Indexes of employment and pay rolls in trade, public utility,
mining, and service industries_______________________________
Revised indexes of employment and pay rolls in hotels, laundries,
and dyeing and cleaning establishments________________________
Employment in building construction________________________________
Employment on class I railroads______________________________________
Trend of industrial employment by States___________________________
Industrial employment and pay rolls in principal cities______________
Public employment________________________________________________________
Executive, legislative, military, and judicial services of the Federal
Government________________________________________________________
Construction projects financed by Public Works Administration______
Comparison by geographic divisions_____________________________
Monthly trend___________________________________________________
Value of material orders placed__________________________________
Emergency-work program_____________________________________________
Emergency conservation work________________________________________
State-road projects____________________________________________________
Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Cor
poration_____________________________________________________________
Construction projects financed from regular appropriations___________
Wage-rate changes_________________________________________________________
Manufacturing industries_____________________________________________
Trade, public utility, mining, and service industries__________________
(n )
1
2
2
8
11
14
16
17
21
25
25
34
35
35
37
39
41
42
45
46
47
49
52
55
55
58
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS1
Employment in June 1935
.RGELY as a result of seasonal influences, business activity slack
ened in June and industrial employment declined to moderately
lower levels.
Considering all factors, however, the record for the
month is relatively favorable. In the aggregate, it is estimated that
not more than 98,000 workers in the groups surveyed lost their jobs
during the month interval, and this decrease was largely counter
balanced by increases in several branches of public employment. The
Bureau does not collect reports for agricultural labor or for summer
employments such as camps, amusement parks, etc.
For manufacturing industries employment in June was 1.8 percent
below the May level. Industries of major importance contributing to
the decline were the automotive, blast furnaces-steel works-rolling
mills, foundries and machine shops, electrical machinery, apparatus
and supplies, cotton goods, silk goods, men’s and women’s clothing,
and boots and shoes. A number of manufacturing incfustries drawing
their main support from building construction reported substantial
gains in employment. These increases, however, were not sufficient
to offset the losses in other directions and for manufacturing as a whole
it is estimated that 126,000 fewer workers were carried on factory pay
rolls during the pay period ending nearest June 15 than during the
corresponding pay period of the previous month.
Employment in most of the nonmanufacturing industries increased
during the month, the only important exceptions being reported by
hotels and wholesale and retail distribution. The most vigorous
advance occurred in the coal-mining industry wbicb was stimulated by
forward buying occasioned by the prospect of a strike. Other impor
tant gains were reported by metal mining, building construction, class
I railroads, and dyeing and cleaning establishments.
In the field of public employment, increases over May were shown in
the executive and military services of the Federal Government. A
substantial gain was likewise reported in the number of workers
employed on the various types of construction projects financed by
public funds. Decreases, however, occurred in the judicial and legis
lative services of the Federal Government, and in the emergency
work-relief program.
i Formerly published as “ Trend of Em ploym ent.”
d )
2
Industrial Employment
Manufacturing Industries
T a k i n g the 3-year average 1923-25 as 100, the Bureau of Labor
Statistics index of factory employment for June stood at 79.6. The
current level of factory employment was below that of the correspond
ing month of last year when the index stood at 81.1.
The index of factory pay rolls declined somewhat more sharply than
employment during the month, standing at 66.4 percent of the 1923-25
average in June as against 68.5 in May, a decrease of 3.1 percent.
Measured in dollars, this represents a shrinkage of approximately
$4,300,000 in weekly wage disbursements. In spite of this decrease,
factory pay rolls are still higher than a year ago when the index stood
at 64.9 (see table 2). The May-June decline in the pay-roll index this
year was less pronounced than in any year, except 1933, since 1929.
Although the composite indexes of factory employment and pay
rolls were lower in June than in May, the decline was by no means
general. Of the 90 manufacturing industries surveyed, 33 reported
gains in employment, and 41 reported larger pay rolls. Increased
employment, moreover, is shown by 4 of the 14 major groups into
which the 90 manufacturing industries are classified. The food and
kindred products group reported the largest gain in employment,
adding approximately 19,600 workers to the pay rolls, an increase
of 3 percent. This was due to substantial seasonal gains in canning
and preserving, ice cream, butter, and beverages, coupled with smaller
increases in the slaughtering and meat-packing and baking industries.
The increase of 1.3 percent in employment in the stone-clay-glass
group represents an addition of about 2,400 workers. This increase
was entirely accounted for by the brick, cement, and glass industries,
as the other two industries in the group (pottery; and marble, granite,
slate, and other stone products) reported decreases in employment.
The resumption of operations in a number of brick establishments,
after the settlement of strikes, as well as seasonal influences, accounted
for the rise in the brick industry. Gains in the two industries included
in the tobacco group resulted in a net increase of 2.1 percent, which
accounted for approximately 1,700 additional jobs. Roughly, 1,000
more workers were added to the pay rolls of the railroad-repair-shop
group.
The largest decreases in employment were shown in the textile and
transportation groups, approximately 51,000 wage earners in each
group having been laid off. The percentage declines were 3.3 and
8.8, respectively. All of the industries, except aircraft, in the trans
portation group showed large losses in number of workers, and only
the carpet and woolen- and worsted-goods industries in the textile
group showed increases. The decreases in the textile industries were
3
largely seasonal. Although gains were shown in millwork and furni
ture, the decline of 9.1 percent in sawmills accounted for the net loss
in the lumber group of 3.9 percent, or approximately 18,400 workers.
The full effect of the strikes in the sawmill industry beginning in May
did not become apparent in the employment figures until June, for
the strikers were included in the May employment count as having
worked during part of the pay period covered. In June, however,
these workers did not appear on the pay-roll records, and the decline
was more marked. In the iron and steel group there was a falling off
of 0.8 percent in employment, the estimated number losing their jobs
being 5,200. Of the 13 industries in this group, 4 showed gains,
namely, plumbers’ supplies, cast-iron pipe, tin cans, and steam- and
hot-water-heating apparatus. Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling
mills, which are of major importance in the iron and steel group,
reported 1.6 percent fewer employees and a 7-percent decline in weekly
pay rolls. The paper and printing group dropped 4,800 workers, a
decrease of 0.9 percent. The chemical and allied products group
reported a reduction of approximately 2,900 workers, or 0.7 percent,
the only important decrease in the separate industries being a seasonal
decline of 28.1 percent in fertilizers. Despite gains in 5 of the 9 indus
tries included in the machinery group, the declines in the other four
(foundries and machine shops, electrical machinery, radios, and cash
registers) were sufficient to cause a net loss of 0.4 percent, a decrease
of 2,600 workers. A gain of 14 percent in the agricultural-implement
industry was due, in part, to the settlement of labor difficulties. Only
2 of the 8 industries in the nonferrous metals group (clocks and smelting
and refining) reported employment increases. The group, as a whole,
showed 1.1 percent fewer employees on the pay rolls.
The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are computed
from returns supplied by representative establishments in 90 manu
facturing industries, the 3-year average, 1923-25, being taken as the
base, or 100. In June, reports were received from 23,661 establish
ments employing 3,726,413 workers whose earnings in 1 week ending
nearest the 15th were $76,538,954.
Per capita weekly earnings in all manufacturing industries com
bined were $20.54 in June, or 1.3 percent less than in May. Despite
this decrease in the average, 46 of the separate manufacturing indus
tries covered showed gains over the month interval, the increases
ranging from less than 0.1 per cent to 14.5 percent. These per
capita weekly earnings, which reflect the influence of part-time and
over-time work, should not be confused with full-time weekly rates
of pay.
Some of the establishments that report employment and pay-roll
totals do not report man-hours. Consequently average hours and
average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied by a
4
smaller number of establishments than are used in computing per
capita weekly earnings and indexes of employment and pay rolls.
Average hours worked per week in all manufacturing industries com
bined showed a decrease of 1.1 percent, and average hourly earnings
advanced 0.3 percent. Thirty-nine of the industries for which manhour data are published showed gains in average hours worked per
week, and 44 showed higher average hourly earnings. Man-hour
data are not published for any industry for which available information
covers less than 20 percent of all employees in that industry.
Detailed statistics concerning employment, pay rolls, average hours
worked per week, per capita weekly earnings, and average hourly
earnings in manufacturing industries in June are presented in table 1.
Percentage changes from May of this year and June oi last year are
also given in this table.
Table 1.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing Industries, June 1935
Employment
Industry-
Index
June
1935
(3-year
aver
age
1923-25
= 100)
Per capita weekly
earnings 1
Pay roll
Percentage
change from—
M ay
1935
June
1934
Index
June
1935
(3-year
aver
age
1923-25
= 100)
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
M ay
1935
June
1934
Average hours worked
per week 2
Aver
age in
June
1935
M ay
1935
June
1934
Average hourly
earnings 2
Percentage
change from—
Aver
age in
June
1935
M ay
1935
June
1934
Percentage
change from—
Aver
age in
June
1935
M ay
1935
June
1934
Cents
__________________________
79.6
- 1 .8
- 1 .8
66.4
-3 .1
+ 2 .3
20.54
-1 .3
+ 4 .3
35.4
-1 .1
+ 1 .2
57.5
+ 0 .3
+ 3 .5
D u ra b le g o o d s ... _________________________
N o n d u r a b le g o o d s _________ _____________
69.5
90.4
-2 .5
-1 .3
- 1 .8
-2 .1
57.6
77.6
-4 .2
-1 .9
+ 1 .2
+ 3 .3
22.26
18.80
- 1 .7
-.7
+ 3 .1
+ 5 .4
38.0
34.9
-1 .6
-.3
.0
+ 2 .5
61.5
54.0
+ .8
+ .2
+ 3 .1
+ 4 .9
71.8
72.4
77.3
50.9
-.8
- 1 .6
- 3 .5
+ 3 .5
- 6 .0
- 8 .5
-8 .8
-5 .0
55.8
56.8
57.4
29.0
-4 .6
- 7 .0
- 1 1 .9
+ 5 .6
- 1 0 .9
-1 7 .6
-1 1 .0
+ .3
20.93
21. 39
19. 48
15.42
- 3 .8
-5 .5
- 8 .7
+ 2 ,1
- 5 .1
-9 .8
-2 .3
+ 5 .8
S4.2
32.4
33.7
31. 1
—2. 8
- 5 .3
-1 0 . 1
+ 1 .3
- 4 .9
- 1 0 .5
- 2 .5
+ 6 .2
61.5
66.2
57.3
48.9
+ 1 .1
+ .4
+ .7
.0
-2 .2
-3 .1
77.4
57.6
51.4
82.3
- 1 .2
-4 .0
-3 .3
+ 5 .1
- 2 .9
- 2 .4
- 2 9 .6
+ 2 8 .0
59.3
41.5
42.9
50.3
-.6
- 1 2 .6
+ 1 .4
+ 2 .7
+ 5 .0
-3 .3
- 1 8 .3
+ 3 1 .3
20. 05
21. 25
19. 59
19. 75
+. 6
- 9 .0
+ 4 .9
-2 .3
+ 8 .0
-1 .0
4-17.2
+ 2 .6
36.6
34.4
36.0
36.0
+ .5
- 7 .8
+ 3 .4
- 2 .2
+ 4 .9
- 6 .3
+ 2 4 .3
+ 1.2
54.3
61.9
54.9
55.0
-.5
- .3
+ .7
-.2
+ 2 .0
+ 7 .1
- 6 .1
+ 1 .1
51.5
98.5
56.0
96.0
+ .2
-.6
-. 1
+ 6 .2
+ 4 .7
+ 4 .6
-6 .2
-.7
34.6
73.4
40.7
93.8
+ .3
- 1 .0
-.5
+ 7 .8
+ 8 .8
+ 1 0 .9
- 4 .7
-.3
21. 54
21.10
20.11
20. 69
+ 00
-.4
-.4
+ 1 .5
+ 3 .5
+ 5 .9
+ 1 .5
+ .4
36.1
37.0
34.5
39.0
- .6
.0
- .6
+3. 2
-.3
-1 .8
-1 .9
-2 .0
59.5
57.1
58.2
52.8
+ .5
-.3
.0
-1 .5
+ 2 .2
+4. 5
+ 3 .2
-.2
63.9
122.3
-.6
- 4 .0
+ 4 .6
- 6 .9
59.4
109.8
-2 .3
-5 .2
+ 1 2 .7
- 8 .0
20. 94
21.37
- 1 .7
-1 .2
+ 7 .1
- .7
38.6
37.0
- 1 .8
-2 . 1
-6 .2
-5 .7
54.0
57.5
+ .2
+ .7
+ 1 6 .9
+ 3 .7
84.2
110.6
-.4
+ 1 4 .0
+ 4 .2
+ 5 0 .9
66.9
- 1 .3
+ 8 .6
- 1 .1
+ .3
+ 1 .1
39.9
+ .8
+ 2 .4
+ 2 .2
61.3
+ 6 7 .5
+ 4 .3
+ 1 0 .8
36.6
+ 1 5 .3
22.78
24. 67
-.9
127.5
62.2
+ .3
+ 2 .3
+ 8 .5
All in d u s trie s ___
Durable goods
I ro n a n d steel a n d th eir p ro d u c ts , n o t in
c lu d in g m a c h in e r y . ___________ ____________
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling m ills._
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, ____________
Cast-iron pipe---------------------------------------------------Cutlery (not including silver and plated cut
lery) and edge tools _ ____________ __________
Forgings, iron and steel________________________
Hardware------- ------------------------- . -------------------Plumbers’ supplies-------------------------------------------Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings. ______________________________
Stoves__________________________________________
Structural and ornamental metalwork_______
Tin cans and other tinware-------------------- ---------Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws)________________ _____ ________
W irew ork ... _____________________
__________
M a ch in e ry , n o t in c lu d in g tra n s p o r ta tio n
e q u ip m e n t ______. . . ____ ________
Agricultural implements----------- ------------------Cash registers, adding machines, and calcu
lating m a c h i n e s -------------- -------------------- .
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup
plies-------------------------------------------- --------- ---------
- .2
102.4
-.3
+ 8 .4
84.3
+ 1 .3
+11.5
27. 01
+ 1 .6
+ 2 .9
39.8
+ 1 .3
+ .6
68.1
+ .3
+ .8
69.6
- 1 .6
+ 5.1
56.1
- 3 .6
+ 8 .3
22.23
- 2 .1
+ 3 .2
35.3
-2 .2
+ .4
62.1
+ .6
+ 2.3
Table 1.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing Industries, June 1935— Continued
Employment
Industry
Index
June
1935
(3-year
aver
age
1923-25
= 100)
Percentage
change from—
M ay
1935
June
1934
102.8
72.8
85.1
165.5
64.0
96.3
93.7
416.0
107.2
48.2
28.4
66.2
53.8
65.6
52.9
79.5
64, 5
78.9
+ 1 .4
- 1 .4
+2.5
- 1 .5
+ .6
+ .5
- 8 .8
+ 6.1
- 7 .9
-2 0 .1
- 5 .7
-1 3 .4
+ .4
-.2
+ .4
- 1 .1
- 2 ,6
- 2 .4
+41.6
-.4
+20.0
-1 9 .7
-1 2 .6
+49.3
- 2 .0
-.5
+• 4
-1 6 .6
-1 2 .6
-1 3 .6
-1 0 .0
- 1 .6
-1 0 .8
+ 4.7
-1 5 .1
+ .9
80.7
65.5
68.9
73.4
+ .3
-.4
-.4
-.7
81.8
91,7
+ 2.9
—4.1
Per capita weekly
earnings 1
Pay roll
Index
June
1935
(3-year
aver
age
1923-25
= 100)
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
A ver
age in
June
1935
M ay
1935
June
1934
26.27
21.92
25. 25
19.42
22. 45
20. 62
25.62
25.15
26. 02
20.41
23.14
24. 35
26.81
26.86
26.80
20.52
20. 34
22.05
-0 .9
- 1 .5
-. 1
+ .9
+ .8
-3 .6
- 4 .1
+ 1 .0
-3 .5
-1 1 .3
-2 .9
-2 .4
-3 .2
-1 .8
-3 .2
.0
-2 .6
-.1
+ 5 .7
+ 2 .0
+ 4 .9
+ 7.1
+ 1 .8
-2 .6
+ 7 .1
-6 .7
+ 8 .3
-.9
- 1 .1
+ 6 .9
+ 5 .3
+• 7
+ 5 .9
+ 3 .1
+13. 0
+ 2 .0
+27.0
+ 2 .5
+20.1
+14.7
18.80
19. 61
20.20
21.98
+ 3 .6
-.2
+ 3 .2
+ .9
+22.3
- 1 .4
20.98
17,95
+ 1 .3
-2 .8
M ay
1935
June
1934
74.6
56.2
71.8
100.9
52.3
77.7
83.4
340.3
93.4
46.6
12.6
55.5
51.0
59.0
50.5
62.6
56.8
60.0
+ 0 .5
- 2 .9
+ 2.4
-.6
+ 1 .4
- 3 .1
-1 2 .5
+ 7 .1
-1 1 .1
-2 9 .2
- 8 .5
-1 5 .5
- 2 .9
-2 .0
- 2 .8
- 1 .1
-5 . 1
- 2 .5
+50.4
+ 1. 3
+26.0
-1 4 .1
-1 2 .1
+45.5
+ 5 .0
- 7 .1
+ 8 .9
-1 7 .8
-1 3 .7
-7 .8
- 5 .2
- 1 .0
-5 .6
+ 8 .1
-3 ,9
+ 2 .7
+16.3
+ 1 .4
+11.3
+ 5.9
67.2
49.5
59.8
57.1
+ 3 .9
-.5
+ 2 .7
+ .2
+21.4
—1.4
53.2
79.0
+ 4 .2
-6 ,8
Average hours worked
per week 2
Average hourly
earnings 2
Percentage
change from—
Aver
age in
June
1935
M ay
1935
June
1934
39.3
36.3
40.5
34.2
36.7
36.1
34.3
40.9
34.4
32.6
35. 0
32.4
39.6
43.7
39.2
37.1
37.7
37.7
-1 .0
- 1 .9
.0
+ 1 .5
+ 1 .1
-3 .0
- 7 .3
+ 3 .5
-7 .8
-1 0 .2
-3 .3
-2 .4
- 2 .9
-2 .0
-3 .0
-.3
-2 .8
-.3
+ 1 .7
.0
+ 3 .0
+ 3 .4
+ 2.1
- 4 .7
-.1
-8 .4
+ .6
- 9 .7
-6 .3
+ 4.1
- 4 .1
-1 .7
-4 .4
+ 2 .6
+36.2
+ .8
+ 9 .4
+ 1.1
+ 7 .9
+ 8 .0
38.3
33.7
37.7
38.6
+ 3 .0
- 1 .7
+ 3 .3
+ .5
+ .7
+•1
37.8
35.3
-.5
-3 .6
Percentage
change from—
Aver
age in
June
1935
M ay
1935
June
1934
Cents
66.8
60.3
62.2
56.9
61.4
56.9
74.5
64.8
75.7
62.7
66.2
74.2
67.9
61.2
68.5
55.0
53.9
58.5
0.0
+ .5
-.2
-.5
-.3
-.9
+ 3 .9
.0
+ 4 .7
- 1 .3
+ .6
-.9
-.3
+ .2
-.3
+ .7
+ .2
+ .3
+ 3 .5
+ 2.1
+ .6
+ .8
+ 1 .3
+ 2 .3
+ 7 .2
+10.5
+ 6 .5
+ 7 .6
+ 4 .5
+ 4 .8
+ 9 .3
+ 2 .8
+ 9 .9
+ 3 .4
-4 .4
+ 2 .2
+ 4 .9
-3 .2
+ 2 .7
+ 7 .3
49.1
57.8
53.7
56.9
+ .6
+ .3
+ .2
+ .4
+ 5 .0
+ 6 .0
+ 5 .4
+ 1 .3
-1 .3
-3 ,2
55.5
50.6
+ 1 .8
+ .6
+ 1 .8
+ 5 .4
Durable goods— Continued
Machinery, n o t including transportation
equipm ent— Continued.
Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels.
Foundry and machine-shop products________
Machine tools_______________________________
Radios and phonographs_______ ____________
Textile machinery and parts________________
Typewriters and parts______________________
Transportation eq uipm ent__________________
Aircraft_____________________________________
Autom obiles. __ ___________________________
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad____________
Locom otives__________ . . . ________________
Shipbuilding_______ _________________________
Railroad repair sh ops._...... .. ........ ............... .
Electric railroad_____________________________
Steam railroad______ ________________________
Nonferrous m etals and their products______
Aluminum manufactures_______________ _____
Brass, bronze, and copper products__________
Clocks and watches and time-recording de
vices___________________________ _____
Jewelry_________________________ ___________
Lighting equipment__________ _____________
Silverware and plated ware_______ _____ ____
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and
zinc____________ _____ _ ___________
Stamped and enameled ware_________
7601— 35-
L u m b e r a n d allied p r o d u c ts ............ ...................
Furniture__________________ ________________
Lumber:
M ill w ork--------------- --------------------------------Sawmills________ _______________________
Turpentine and rosin______________._ ______ S to n e , il&y, a n d glass p r o d u c ts _______ _____. .
Brick, tile, and terra cotta__________________
Cement__________ __________________________
Glass_______________________________________
Marble, granite, slate, and other p ro d u cts --.
Pottery_____________________ _______________
48.9
67.1
- 3 .9
+ .2
- 2 .2
+ 7.5
38.3
48.5
+ 4 .3
+ 2 .8
+ 7 .1
+17.7
16.64
17.15
+ 8 .5
+ 2 .6
+ 9 .4
+ 9 .2
38.0
37.7
+ 8 .6
+ 2 .4
+ 8 .4
+ 8 .3
43.5
45.4
+ .3
+ .4
- 1 .8
-.2
41.9
30.9
98.9
55.7
32.1
60.1
95.2
27.5
66.8
+ 3 .0
- 9 .1
-. 1
+ 1.3
+ 8 .6
+ 5 .3
+• 4
- 3 .2
- 6 .6
+10.6
-1 2 .0
+ .3
- 2 .5
- 6 .7
+ 1.7
+ 1.7
-1 8 .6
- 3 .7
31.5
20.9
59.9
40.5
19.3
40.1
82.0
19.1
46.1
+ 8 .5
+ 4 .0
+ 4 .7
+ .5
+ 9 .0
+ 8 .9
+ .5
-9 .9
-8 .4
+30.7
- 9 .9
+17.5
+ 4 .4
.0
+ .5
+11.7
-1 6 .2
+ 5 .5
17.33
16.13
13. 60
19.08
15.44
19.98
20.18
22. 97
18. 30
+ 5 .3
+14.5
+4. 7
-.8
+ .4
+ 3 .4
+• 1
- 7 .0
- 2 .0
+18.2
+ 2 .6
+16.9
+ 6 .9
+ 7 .3
- 1 .1
+10.2
+ 2 .1
+10.2
38.9
37.3
+ 6 .6
+14.8
+18.4
+ 5 .7
44.5
43.5
- 1 .1
+ .5
+ 1 .3
- 3 .9
34.7
34.6
35.4
34.9
33.5
33.9
+ .3
+ 1 .5
+ 2 .6
+ .9
-8 .2
-.9
+ 3 .0
+ 3 .8
-2 .3
+ 3 .2
-.3
+ 2 .9
55.3
44.9
56.5
58.0
69.2
54.2
-.4
+ .4
+ .7
-.9
+ 1 .0
+ .6
+ 4 .7
+. 1
+ 1 .6
+ 6.3
+ 2 .6
+ 9 .6
90.4
89.4
81.3
85.1
81.2
107.3
74.7
108.1
- 3 .3
- 1 .8
+ 2 .0
- 3 .3
- 9 .0
- 2 .4
- 7 .4
- 3 .5
- .6
-.6
+18.7
- 9 .7
+ 9
+ 1.6
-. 1
- 2 .3
70.9
72.0
76.7
65.6
65.9
78.9
67.6
93.7
- 6 .1
-3 .9
+ 4 .0
-7 .2
-1 3 .0
- 8 .5
- 1 .4
- 8 .2
15.20
14.95
21. 61
12.18
15. 57
17.03
21.59
14. 75
- 3 .9
- 2 .2
+ 1 .9
- 4 .0
-4 .4
- 6 .2
+ 6 .6
- 4 .9
+ 7 .4
+ 8 .2
+13.9
+11.2
+ 3 .5
+ 6 .3
-1 .6
- 4 .1
31.9
33.1
37.6
32.1
35.1
31.8
31.2
31.3
- 3 .4
- 2 .1
+ 2 .2
-3 .9
-4 .6
-5 .9
+ 9 .1
- 4 .6
+ 5 .1
+ 7 .4
+ 5 .5
+12.0
+ 5 .0
+ 6 .6
-1 6 .2
- 7 .1
47.5
44.8
56.3
37.9
44.3
53.3
69.2
47.8
-.4
-.2
-.4
-.3
.0
-.4
-1 .6
-.2
+ 3 .4
+ 2 .2
+ 5 .0
-.1
- 1 .9
+ 1 .5
+ 7 .3
+ 4 .0
63.1
96.7
88.6
86.6
108.4
87.5
100.3
55. 2
- 4 .2
+ 6 .2
- 7 .0
- 1 .1
- 1 2 .5
-4 .0
- 6 .5
- 1 0 .5
-1 6 .3
+ 4 0 .6
-.8
+ 6 .1
-4 .4
.0
+ 4 .3
- 1 4 .6
51.5
76.9
64.6
63.7
- 5 .4
+ 8 .0
- 1 0 .4
- 1 .2
-2 0 .2
-9 .5
- 1 1 .0
+ 6 .8
+ 7 .6
+35.5
+ .5
+ 4.1
+ 8 .2
- 1 .7
- 6 .3
-1 2 .7
14.90
18. 26
- 1 .3
+ 1 .7
- 3 .7
-.1
-8 .7
-5 .7
-4 .7
+ 4 .6
+ 1 1 .4
+ 5 .5
+ 9 .8
+ 2 .6
- 1 .5
-9 .1
32.9
37.2
29.2
28.6
28.4
31.8
30.8
.0
+ 2 .8
- 3 .6
- 1 .4
- 7 .8
-2 .2
- 3 .4
+ 4 .1
+ 1 6 .9
- 1 .9
+ 1 .6
- 5 .6
- 7 .5
- 1 8 .0
45.4
49.2
53.8
59.0
54.8
45.2
38.6
-1 .3
-.8
+ .9
-1 .4
.0
-1 .3
+ 1 .4
- 3 .8
+ 5 .4
+ 3 .1
+ 9 .0
+ 2 .2
+ 8 .3
98.4
83.0
80.6
92.8
98.0
114.2
170.0
77. 2
82.8
72.4
73.8
84.6
81.4
43.3
83.3
57.8
66.6
56.7
- 7 .6
- 4 .3
- 5 .3
-.4
+ 3 .0
+ 1.3
+ 5 .2
+ 5 .4
+19.8
- 2 .5
+ .4
+ 9 .0
+ 1 .0
- 2 .9
-.3
+ 2.1
+. 4
+ 2 .6
- 5 .9
- 5 .4
- 7 .1
+ 1.4
- 6 .8
-.3
- 7 .1
-1 3 .1
31.1
35.7
35.1
37.6
39.4
40.5
39.7
-.3
+ 4 .1
+ 5 .1
+ .8
+ 1 .0
+ .7
+ 1 .5
+ 1 .0
+ .3
-.3
+ .7
+ 3 .7
-.5
+ 1 .3
41.9
52.7
51.7
56.1
53. 7
53.7
77.7
-.9
-.4
-.8
+ .7
-.6
+ .2
.0
+10.8
+ 4.6
+ 4 .2
+ 6 .2
+ 4 .4
+ 4 .5
+ 1 .0
35.3
35.4
38.1
46.4
40.0
36.2
39.9
35.3
35.9
35.2
+ 5 .1
+ 2 .9
+ .8
+ 3 .8
.0
-5 .2
- 3 .9
+ 4 .4
+ 3 .2
+ 4 .5
+23.6
-2 .2
+ .2
-3 .6
-2 .2
+ 4.1
-1 .3
- 1 .3
+ 7 .6
- 3 .1
39.5
44.4
55.1
54.4
56.3
64.6
59.9
40.8
43.7
40.4
-2 .5
+ .2
- .4
-2 .2
+ .4
+ 2 .5
+214
-.3
+ .5
-.2
+ 1.0
+ 6 .2
+ 2 .8
+ 5 .4
+10.9
+ 6 .8
+ 4 .9
+ 6 .4
+ 4 .0
+ 7 .3
Nondurable goods
Textiles a n d th eir p r o d u c t s ___________________
Fabrics____________________________________ Carpets and rugs___________________ ____
Cotton goods_______________________ ____
Cotton small wares______________________
Dyeing and finishing textiles..____ _____
Hats, fur-felt............. ............................. .......
Knit go o d s ..----------------- ------- -----------------Silk and rayon goods____________________
W oolen and worsted goods______________
Wearing apparel----- -------------------------------------Clothing, men’s_____ ___________________
Clothing, w om en’s______________________
Corsets and allied garments_____________
M en ’s furnishings____ __________________
M illin ery_______________________________
Shirts and collars_______________________
L ea th er a n d its m a n u fa c t u r e s _______________
Boots and s h oes.-.---------------------------------------Leather_____________________________________
F o o d a n d k in d red p r o d u c ts ____________ _____
B a k in g ............................................................. .
Beverages________________ __________________
B utter____ _________________________________
Canning and preserving________ ____________
Confectionery________________________ ______
F lou r__________________ ____________________
Ice cream ___________________________________
Slaughtering and meat packing______________
Sugar, beet___________________ ______________
Sugar refining, cane__________ ______________
T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s _______________________
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff------Cigars and cigarettes................. ........... ..............
See footnotes at end of table.
- 8 .7
+5.1
- 1 .3
- 2 .4
-1 9 .7
- 9 .0
- 6 .9
- 7 .4
- 9 .0
- 7 .0
71.3
75.1
63.2
47. 2
94.7
70.9
64.7
91.1
90.3
99.6
173.4
60.8
96.5
63.3
62.9
68.4
74.8
40.7
73.6
46.8
67.2
44.2
—2.8
- 8 .8
- 1 .9
-2 .9
+ 1 .2
+ 3 .9
+ 2 .4
+ 6 .7
+ 6 .0
+22.6
- .1
+ 1 .0
+ 9 .9
+ 1.1
-3 .4
-2 .8
+ 6 .8
+ 4 .2
+ 7 .1
+ 5 6 .6
+ 4 .7
+16.7
- 1 .8
- 1 .7
16.11
17. 06
16. 47
- 5 .2
14.13
12.69
- 8 .3
+ .6
- 2 .7
-8 .2
+14.2
- 1 .7
+ 3 .2
- 5 .0
—10. 6
+14.6
+ 9 .1
+ .3
-.7
-1 4 .2
+ 4 .6
- 4 .8
- 1 .5
+ .9
-2 .0
20. 92
12. 93
18.36
17.48
21. 26
31.29
21.88
30. 90
21.00
14. 21
15. 86
21.10
25. 69
22. 77
22. 52
23. 61
14.38
15. 65
14.15
+ 8. 6
- 1 .3
+ 3 .4
+ 2 .6
+ 1 .5
+ .8
+ 1 .1
+ 1 .4
+■ 6
+ 2.3
+ 2.4
+ .6
+ .8
+ .1
-.5
-2 .5
+ 4. 7
+ 3 .8
+ 4 .4
-.2
+ 7 .8
+ 7 .1
+ 3 .8
-1 .0
+12.4
+ 5 .4
+ 3 .5
+ 2 .2
+2. 6
+25.5
+ 3 .7
+ 1 .8
+ 1 .9
+ 7 .0
+ 15.5
+ 2 .5
+ 6 .4
+ 10.9
+ 5 .1
Table 1.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing Industries, June 1935— Continued
Employment
Industry
Index
June
1935
(3-year
aver
age
1923-25
= 100)
Per capita weekly
earnings 1
Pay roll
Percentage
change from—
M ay
19S5
June
1934
95.6
83.1
109.1
- 0 .9
-1 .7
-.7
+ 1 .0
- 1 .0
+ 2 .9
85.1
99.0
- 1 .3
-.6
107.2
106.4
108.1
43.3
95.8
86.5
79.2
112.5
325.9
99.5
110.6
79.8
47.0
120.5
72.9
Index
June
1935
(3-year
aver
age
1923-25
= 100)
Percentage
change from—
M ay
1935
June
1934
83.4
74.5
87.4
- 1 .7
- 1 .3
+ .6
+ 5 .7
+. 9
+11.3
+ .4
+ .2
75.6
89.4
- 4 .1
-1 .2
- .7
- 1 .5
+ .9
+ 2 .4
- 1 .0
-.9
-2 8 .1
-.1
-.3
+ 1 .4
+ 2.1
- 1 .8
-.4
+ 2.6
+ 3.4
- 3 .2
-1 4 .6
- 1 .1
- 9 .6
+ 6 .5
+ 6.0
+19.0
-.4
-.7
- 6 .8
+ .9
95.0
93.7
98.0
42.0
93.7
72.6
69.2
94.0
240.5
95.8
99.3
64.9
41.8
- 3 .5
- 1 .0
- 3 .0
- 1 0 .8
97.7
58.9
Average hours worked
per w e e k 2
Percentage
change fiom —
Aver
age in
June
1935
Average hourly
earnings2
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Aver
age in
June
1935
A ver
age in
June
1935
M ay
1935
June
1934
37.4
36.5
38.5
0.0
+ .6
+ .8
+ 2 .4
-.8
+ 5 .2
Cents
69.3
50.5
53.0
+ 0 .4
-.2
+ .4
+ 4 .0
+ 2 .2
+ 3 .6
+ 6.1
+ 1 .8
37.2
36.7
.0
-.8
+ 4 .4
-.6
75.2
89.6
+ .3
+ .4
+ 4 .4
+ 5 .2
+ .9
+ 1 .0
-.7
+ 7 .0
+ .7
- 1 .5
+ 5 .0
-1 .0
+ 1 .4
+ .8
+ .5
-.6
- 3 .0
+ 5.1
+ 4 .6
+ 5 .2
+ 2 .4
+ 4.5
+ 9 .6
+13.4
+ 2 .9
+. 9
+11.9
+ 7 .5
+ 4 .6
+ .7
37.2
38.2
38.9
39.5
38.5
34.4
33.6
40.3
37.8
38.5
34.6
33.1
33.6
.0
+ .5
-1 .5
+ 1 .8
+ 1 .9
- 5 .5
+ 2 .8
-.5
+ 1 .9
+ .8
-.9
-1 .2
-1 .5
+ 1.5
+ 1 .6
+ 3 .2
+• 1
+ 2 .5
- 1 .0
+12.3
-.7
-1 .2
- 3 .6
+ 1 .3
- 1 .4
-7 .9
62.7
56.1
64.3
25.9
54.5
68.8
37.5
58.0
51.6
61.1
80.4
69.8
52.3
+ 2 .0
+ 1 .4
+ .6
+ 5 .3
-.5
+ 4 .4
+ 2 .5
-.3
-.6
.0
+ 1 .9
+ .4
- 1 .5
+ 4.8
+ 3 .4
+ 1 .8
+ 3 .9
+ 2 .1
+10.3
+ 1 .3
+ 4 .2
+ 1 .9
+15. 7
+ 8 .2
+ 5 .0
+ 5 .9
-3 .2
+ 1 .3
+ 1.5
+ 8 .0
35.9
30.9
- 3 .5
+ .7
- 3 .1
+ .6
54.9
84.5
.0
+ .7
+ 1 .3
+ 9 .3
M ay
1935
June
1934
24.46
18.35
20. 36
- 0 .8
+ .4
+ 1 .2
+ 4 .7
+ 1 .7
+ 8 .4
+ 6 .5
+ 2 .2
27. 59
33. 23
- 2 .8
-.7
+ .2
- .4
+ .2
+ 9 .6
-.2
-2 .4
-2 4 .5
-1 .1
+ 1 .1
+ 2 .1
+ 2 .6
- 2 .4
- 3 .4
+ 7 .8
+ 8 .2
+ 2 .0
-1 2 .5
+ 3 .8
-1 .2
+20.3
+ 8 .9
+20.3
+11.4
+ 6 .7
- 2 .4
+ 1 .7
23.30
21.36
25.05
10.04
20.74
23. 68
12. 58
23.36
19.51
23.46
27. 55
22.51
17.58
-6 .6
+ .4
-1 .7
-3 .6
19.56
25.85
M ay
1935
June
1934
Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and printing____ _______________________
Boxes, paper----------- ---------- --------------------------Paper and p u lp --------------------------------------------Printing and publishing:
Book and jo b ............ ................. ...................
Newspapers and periodicals_____________
Chemicals and allied products, and petro
leum refining________________________________
Other than petroleum refining----------------------Chemicals------------------------------ ------------Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal_________
Druggists’ preparations--------------------------Explosives------------------------------ ---------------Fertilizers__________________ ___________
Paints and varnishes_______ ____________R ayon and allied products--------------Soap-------------- ------------------ ------------- ..........
Petroleum refining-------- ------- --------------------Rubber products _ _________________ ____ _
Rubber boots and shoes—- ---------------------------Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires,
and inner tubes-----------------------------------------Rubber tires and inner tubes------------ ---------
1 Per capita weekly earnings are com puted from figures furnished b y all reporting establishments. Percentage changes over year com puted from indexes. Percentage changes
over m onth in the groups and in “ All industries” also com puted from indexes.
2 C om puted from available man-hour data—all reporting establishments do not furnish man-hours. Percentage changes over year com puted from indexes. The average hours
and average hourly earnings in the groups and in “ A ll industries’ ’ are weighted.
3 Less than Mo of 1 percent.
9
Factory Employment and Pay Rolls Since 1929
T h e long-time trend of factory employment and pay rolls is shown
by table 2 and the diagram on page 10. The table gives the com
posite index numbers (3-year average 1923-25 equals 100) of factory
employment and pay rolls from January 1929 through June 1935.
From this table it will be seen that although the June employment
index (79.6) is 1.8 percent lower than in May and also 1.8 percent
lower than in the corresponding month of last year, the average for
the first half of 1935 (80.9) is 1.6 percent higher than the average for
the first half of 1934 (79.6). Moreover, the index for June 1935 is 19
percent higher than for June 1933 and more than 30 percent higher
than for June 1932. The pay-roll index for June 1935 is 3.1 percent
lower than for May 1935, but 2.3 percent higher than in the correspond
ing month of last year, 40.7 percent higher than for June 1933, and 53.0
percent higher than for June 1932. The average index of factory pay
rolls for the first 6 months (68.3 percent) is 8.2 percent higher than
the average for the first half of 1934 (63.1).
The diagram on page 10 indicates the trend of factory employment
and pay rolls from January 1919 to June 1935.
E m p lo y m e n t
P a t R o u s
m
M a n u f a c tu r in g
3 - y e a r a v e r a g e 1 9 2 3 - 1^ 2 ^ = 1 0 0
U.S.Department of Labor
bureau
of labor statistics
Index
Numbers
////l
i
y
c
Washington
I n d u s tr ie s
.
lou
ion
1ZU
TIndex
,
Numbers
////I
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1£U
41
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i in
luu—\
90-
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ou
'fi
7
v v \
7? n 7 lx
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ou
— ^—
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tin
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Ofi
1U"
[1MM1! minimi 11111!1111111!1!fl11!Imill! i 11 minimi iiiiiiiiiii IIIIIIIIIII 1m11.1.11i iiiiiiiiiii 11111111111 IIIIIIIIIII iiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiii IIII.I1.I.J1.1LIIIIIIIIIII
f/ —1111919
1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 192T 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935
JQ/i
o(J
7( n
u
... 4........
ou
... £U
Ofi
1fl
1U
u
11
Table
2 ,— General
Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Manufacturing
Industries, January 1929 to June 1935
[3-year average, 1923-25=100]
Pay rolls
Employment
M onth
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
100.8
102.9
104.1
105.3
105.3
105.6
106.1
107.9
109.0
107.7
103.6
99.8
97.3
97.4
96.9
96.3
94.8
92.9
89.5
88.8
89.6
87.7
84.6
82.3
79.6
80.3
80.7
80.7
80.1
78.4
77.0
77.1
77.4
74.4
71.8
71.0
68.7
69.5
68.4
66.1
63.4
61.2
58.9
60.1
63.3
64.4
63.4
62.1
60.2
61.1
58.8
59.9
62.6
66.9
71.5
76.4
80.0
79.6
76.2
74.4
73.3 78.7
77.7 81.2
80.8 82.4
82.4 82.4
82.5 81.1
81.1 79.6
78.7
79. 5
75.8
78.4
76.8 : : : : : :
78.0
102.3
109.3
111. 6
112.6
112.9
111.2
107.2
112.0
112.9
112.4
104.1
100.7
95.9
98.8
98.8
97.7
95.4
92.3
84.3
83. 3
84.1
82.2
76.8
75.2
70.0
74.3
75.6
74.4
73.4
69.7
66.2
65.9
63.4
61.3
58.1
57.6
53.5
54.6
53.1
49.5
46.8
43.4
39.8
40.6
42.9
44.7
42.9
41.5
39.5
40.2
37. 1
38.8
42.7
47.2
50.8
56.8
59.1
59.4
55.5
54.5
54.0 64.1
60.6 69.1
64.8 70.7
67.3 70.8
67. 1 68.5
64.9 66.4
60.5
62.2
58.0
61.0
59.5 : : : : : :
63.2
Average. _ 104.8
91.5
77.4
64.1
69.0
78.8 i 80.9 109.1
88.7
67.5
46.1
48.5
61.9 i 68.3
January___
F eb ru a ry ...
M arch_____
A pril______
M a y_______
June......... ...
July_______
August____
September..
October____
N ovem ber. _
Decem ber. _
1 Average for 6 months.
Separate indexes for the two major divisions of manufacturing
industries, durable and nondurable goods, are given in table 3. The
durable-goods group shows declines of 2.5 percent in employment
and 4.2 percent in pay rolls from May to June. Somewhat more
moderate declines are shown for the nondurable-goods group, employ
ment being within 1.9 percent of the May level and the pay-rolls
index declining 1.9 percent.
Table 3.— Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in the Durable and Nondurable
Groups, January 1929 to June 1935
[3-year average 1923-25=100]
Durable group 1
Pay rolls
Employment
M onth
1929
J a n u a r y ...,
February.
M arch-------A p ril............
M a y .............
June........... .
July........ .
August____
September—
October.......
N ovem ber..
D e cem b er..
A vera g e..
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
99.1
101.7
103.5
105.3
106.5
106.4
106.3
107.3
106.8
105.0
100.3
95.8
93.1
93.3
93.1
92.8
91.8
89.1
84.7
82.2
81.0
79.6
77.1
74.9
71.9
72.1
72.2
72.2
71.4
69.5
66.8
65.3
64.5
61.8
60.3
59.7
57.3
57.8
56.5
54.6
52.9
50.9
48.5
46.9
47.3
47.7
48.1
47.3
45.4
45.8
43.9
44.4
47.0
50.7
55.3
60.1
63.4
63.2
61.2
60.7
59.8 66.1
63.5 69.3
67.1 70.8
70.0 71.6
71.5 71.3
70.8 69.5
67.4
66.1
64.2
62.8
62.2
64.3 .........
100.0
109.0
112.0
114.7
115.8
112.9
107.1
112.6
111.7
111.1
101.7
96.7
90.1
94.6
95.1
95.3
93.3
89.1
78.1
75.6
74.7
73.7
68.4
66.4
59.8
64.4
65.7
65.1
64.1
59.4
54.3
52.9
49.6
48.5
46. 4
45.8
41.3
42.0
40.4
38.0
37.0
33.3
29.8
28.2
27.9
29.8
30.0
29.4
27.6
27.7
25.3
26.6
30.8
34.7
38.0
43.9
44.7
45.4
42.5
42.3
41.6 52.5
47.9 58.6
52.8 60.5
57.4 61.8
58.6 60.1
56.9 57.6
49.9
50.0
45.5
46.4
46.1
50.4 ..........
103.7
86.1
67.3
51.3
53.4
65.8 2 69.8 108.8
82.9
56.3
33.9
35.8
50.3 2 58.5
See footnotes at end o ltable.
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
12
Table 3.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in the Durable and Nondurable
Groups, January 1929 to June 1935— Continued
[3-year average 1923-25=100]
Nondurable group 3
Pay rolls
E mployment
M onth
January___
February. __
M arch_____
A p ril........ .
M a y _______
J u n e ...........
J u ly_______
A ugust____
Septem ber..
October____
N ovem ber. _
D e ce m b er..
Average. .
1931
1932
1933
1934
1932
1933
1934
1935
1930
105.3
109.8
111.0
110.2
109.3
109.1
107.3
111.3
114.4
114.2
107.4
105.8
103.2
104.1
103.5
100.8
98.3
96.5
92.3
93. 2
96.0
93.0
87.4
86.5
83.0
86.9
88.3
86.3
85.2
82.7
81.3
82.5
80.8
77.6
73.0
72.5
69.1
70.7
69.2
64.0
59.3
56.2
52.6
56.3
61.8
63.6
59.2
56.9
54.5
56.2
52.1
54.4
57.9
63.1
67.0
73.3
77.6
77.3
72.1
70.1
69.7
76.9
80.1
80.0
78.1
75.1
73.9
77.8
74.0
79.6
76.6
79.5
92.7 2 92.9 109.6
95.2
81.6
61.6
64.6
76.8 2 80.7
1930
102.7
104.3
104.9
105.4
104.1
104.7
105.8
108.6
111.4
110.6
107.1
104.0
101.8
101.7
100.9
100.1
98.0
96.9
94.7
95.9
98.9
96.5
92.7
90.1
87.8
89.0
90.0
89.8
89.3
88.0
88.2
89.8
91.1
88.0
84.2
83.0
80.9
82.2
81.2
78.5
74.8
72.4
70.1
74.2
80.4
82.3
79.9
77.8
76.0
77.6
74.7
76.5
79.3
84.3
88.9
93.9
97.8
97.2
92.2
89.1
87.9
93.0
95.4
95.8
94.3
92.3
90.8
94.0
88.2
95.1
92.4
92.7
106.1
97.4
88.2
77.9
85.6
1935
1931
1929
1929
92.3
94.1
94.8
94.0
91.6
90.4
___
___
79.0
82.5
83.8
82.3
79.1
77.6
___
----
1 Includes the following groups of manufacturing industries: Iron and steel; machinery; transportation
equipment; railroad repair shops; nonferrous metals; lumber and allied products; and stone, clay, and glass
products.
2 Average for 6 months.
3 Includes remaining groups of manufacturing industries not shown under footnote 1.
Estimated Number of Wage Earners and Total Weekly Pay Rolls
T h e Bureau’s indexes of factory employment have been adjusted to
conform with the census trend through 1931, and on this basis it is
possible to make monthly estimates of the numbers of workers on
f actory pay rolls and total weekly wage disbursements. The index of
79.6 for June employment means that the total number of workers em
ployed by manufacturing industries during the month was 6,669,200,
a decrease of 126,300 compared with the number employed in the
previous month. The pay-roll index, 66.4, indicates that the weekly
wage disbursements in June amounted to $135,044,000 or $4,281,000
less than in May.
These estimates are made by multiplying the weighting factors of
the several groups of industries (number employed or weekly pay roll
in the base period, 1923-25) by the Bureau's index numbers of em
ployment or pay rolls. The estimates based on the Census of Manu
factures through 1931 are reasonably accurate estimates of the total
number of factory workers employed and their weekly pay rolls.
Adjustments to the census of 1933 are now being made.
Estimates of the number of wage earners employed and total weekly
wages are given in table 4 for the various groups into which the 90
manufacturing industries have been classified. The table shows the
estimated averages for the base period, 1923-25; annual averages for
the years 1929 to 1934, inclusive; and monthly estimates for the first
6 months of 1935. Although data are not available for all groups over
the entire period shown, the grand total for all manufacturing indus
tries has been adjusted to include all groups except manufactured gas
(which is included in the Bureau’s electric-light and manufacturedgas industry) and motion pictures.
13
Table 4.— Estimated Number of Wage Earners and Weekly Wages in All
Manufacturing Industries Combined and in Industry Groups
Total manufacturing
Iron and steel and
their products
Machinery, not in
eluding transporta
tion equipment
Year and month
Em ploy
ment
1923-25 average_______________
192 9
_________________
193 0
____
193 1
_____
193 2
193 3
193 4
________
1935: January_________ ___
February________________
M arch____________ _____
A pril_________________
M a y _______ ________ ___
June_____________ _ ____
Weekly
pay rolls
8, 381,700 $203, 476,000
8, 785, 600 221.937.000
7, 668, 400 180, 507,000
6, 484, 300 137,256, 000
93,757,000
5, 374,200
98,623, 000
5, 778,400
6, 600,100 126, 012,000
6, 595, 700 130, 503,000
6,809,000 140, 618,000
6, 906, 300 143.927.000
6,906,100 144, 075,000
6, 795, 500 139, 325,000
6,669, 200 135.044.000
Transportation
equipment
Em ploy
ment
W eekly
pay rolls
859.100 $24,658,000
881,000 26, 568, 000
766, 200 21,126, 000
598, 400 13, 562, 000
458.100
7,164,000
503, 400
8, 925,000
592, 800 12.074.000
582, 500 12, 798, 000
607, 400 14, 548, 000
616,800 14, 622, 000
620, 300 14, 647, 000
622, 000 14.425.000
616, 800 13, 759, 000
Railroad repair shops
E m ploy
ment
W eekly
pay rolls
878.100 $23,655,000
1,105, 700 31,761 000
918, 700 24.197.000
687.000 15.135.000
494,600
8, 546,000
517.100
8,975,000
682, 200 13, 525,000
699, 000 14, 382,000
720.000 15.163.000
738, 500 15,825, 000
747, 300 15.991.000
742.000 16.038.000
739,400 15.825.000
Nonferrous metals
and their products
Year and month
Em ploy
ment
1923-25 average________________
192 9
193 0
193 1
__
1932-.
1933-.
1934___________ __________
1935: January. ______ ______ .
February________________
March _________________
A pril__________________ _
M a y_____________________
June_________________
563, 500
583, 200
451,800
373, 800
315, 700
305, 600
467, 200
520, 700
568, 600
583, 800
590, 500
578,700
528, 000
W eekly
payrolls
$17,214,000
18,136,000
12, 076, 000
9, 003, 000
7, 012, 000
6, 799, 000
11, 800,000
13, 668, 000
16, 302,000
16, 904,000
17, 679,000
16, 216, 000
14,184, 000
Lumber and allied
products
Em ploy
ment
W eekly
pay rolls
482,100 $13,563,000
398, 200 12, 255, 000
353.800 10,316, 000
309, 000
8, 366, 000
257,400
5, 793, 000
5, 652, 000
250, 600
267, 400
6, 528, 000
248.800
5,941, 000
255,000
6, 510, 000
258, 400
6, 727, 000
255, 000
6, 876, 000
258, 400
7,121,000
259, 400
6,917, 000
Stone, clay, and glass
products
282,600
0)
0)
209, 000
164, 200
175, 200
210, 000
214, 500
223,800
227, 500
228, 600
227,200
224,700
W eekly
pay rolls
$7,329,000
0)
0)
4.622.000
2.865.000
3.039.000
4.105.000
4, 280,000
4.647.000
4.735.000
4.720.000
4, 639,000
4, 588,000
Textiles and their
products
Fabrics
Year and month
E m ploy
ment
1923-25 average________________
192 9
193 0
193 1
.......................
193 2
193 3
193 4
1935: January_________________
February____________ . . .
M arch________ ___________
April ___________________
M a y --------------------------------June_____________________
1 Comparable data not available.
E m ploy
ment
918,400
876, 500
699, 400
516,900
377,800
406.100
447, 400
432, 600
453, 700
464, 700
474, 800
467, 500
449.100
Weekly
pay rolls
$18, 523,000
18, 062, 000
13,464,000
8, 641, 000
4, 656,000
4,900, 000
6, 062,000
5,872, 000
6, 446, 000
6, 724, 000
6,946, 000
6, 446, 000
6, 724, 000
Em ploy
ment
350, 300
328, 500
280,800
222,800
156, 000
157, 500
185, 000
165, 300
173, 700
180,400
186, 400
192, 700
195,100
Weekly
pay rolls
$8,878,000
8,323, 000
6, 828, 000
4, 786,000
2, 588,000
2, 455, 000
3,153, 000
2,805, 000
3,090,000
3,320, 000
3, 489,000
3, 578,000
3, 596, 000
E m ploy
ment
W eekly
pay rolls
1.105.600 $20,368,000
1,095,900 20.251.000
950,400 16.167.000
886,700 14.308.000
794,100 10.367.000
952,600 12.664.000
989,300 14.448.000
1, 059, 200 16.742.000
1.074.600 17.211.000
1,065,800 16.967.000
1, 031, 500 15.887.000
1.006,100 15, 256,000
988, 400 14.665.000
14
Table 4.— Estimated Number of Wage Earners and Weekly Wages in All
Manufacturing Industries Combined and in Industry Groups— Continued
Textiles and their products—Continued
Year and month
E m ploy
ment
1923-25 average.
192 9
............
193 0
193 1
1932..............
193 3
193 4
............
1935: January..
February.
M arch___
A p ril........
M a y .........
June_____
Leather and its man
ufactures
Wearing apparel
474.100
536.700
497.700
472,000
401,800
418.100
432.100
423, 800
458, 900
480, 700
482,600
451, 800
420.100
W eekly
pay rolls
$10,336,000
11,476,000
9.630.000
8.338.000
5, 733,000
5, 757, 000
6, 992,000
6, 884, 000
8, 217,000
9.147.000
8.930.000
7, 452,000
6.677.000
Food and kindred
products
Group
W eekly
pay rolls
E m ploy
ment
1,629,400 $31,676,000
1, 706,900 33.321.000
1, 513,000 27,115, 000
1, 421, 000 23, 799, 000
1.250.300 16, 947,000
1,432, 700 19, 394,000
1,485,900 22, 564,000
1, 551, 200 24, 866,000
1.603.300 26, 766,000
1, 616,400 27.495.000
1, 583,800 26.101.000
1, 523, 500 23,915,000
1,473,000 22,458, 000
Tobacco manufactures
E m p loy
ment
323.500
318, 600
295,100
272,800
255.500
269, 400
284.000
285, 700
296, 300
299,900
296.000
280, 500
268, 500
W eekly
pay rolls
$6,986,000
6.915.000
5, 748,000
5.035.000
4, 060,000
4.394.000
5.164.000
5, 337, 000
5, 763,000
5.875.000
5, 526,000
5.051.000
4.953.000
Paper and printing
Year and month
E m ploy
ment
1923-25 average.
192 9
.
193 0
............
193 1
..........
193 2
............
193 3
193 4
1935: January..
February.
M arch___
A p ril____
M a y _____
June_____
668.300
753, 500
731.100
650, 500
577.100
631.000
711, 700
630,700
627.000
619.300
632, 700
635,500
655.100
W eekly
pay rolls
E m ploy
ment
$15,240,000
17.344.000
16, 593.000
14.173.000
11, 308,000
11.604.000
14.080.000
12, 696.000
12, 717,000
12, 648,000
13.030.000
13, 239,000
13, 769,000
138,400
116,100
108,300
99,700
88, 600
82, 700
86, 700
78, 200
79,300
80,000
78, 600
78, 300
80,000
W eekly
pay rolls
$2,225,000
1.819.000
1.617.000
1, 336,000
1.052.000
944.000
1.049.000
923.000
908.000
986.000
959.000
975.000
1.041.000
Chemicals and allied
products
E m p loy
ment
W eekly
pay rolls
531.100 $14,865,000
591, 5C0 17, 771,000
574.100 17.036.000
511,800 14, 461,000
451, 700 11.126.000
458,400 10.299.000
503, 700 11.829.000
507, 700 12, 397,000
513, 600 12.501.000
514, 600 12, 561,000
514, 600 12, 576,000
512,500 12. 606,000
507, 700 12, 397,000
R ubber products
Year and month
E m ploy
ment
1923-25 average
192 9
193 0
193 1
193 2
193 3
193 4
1935: January..
February.
March__
A pril____
M ay........
June........
333.000
384.800
364.700
316.800
279.700
315.400
361,600
361.000
364.300
375.400
371.300
359.800
356,900
W eekly
pay rolls
$8, 321,000
10, 068,000
9, 334,000
7.643.000
5, 861,000
6.179.000
7.437.000
7.620.000
7.751.000
7.997.000
7.980.000
7.886.000
7.907.000
E m ploy
ment
134.300
149,100
115.500
99,200
87,800
99,300
111.300
109.900
111.500
111.900
110,800
109.200
107.200
W eekly
pay rolls
$3,468,000
3, 986,000
2.934.000
2.165.000
1.555.000
1, 740,000
2.207.000
2.407.000
2.493.000
2.448.000
2.469.000
2.306.000
2.251.000
15
Trade, Public Utility, Mining, and Service Industries
G a in s in employment from May to June were reported in 13 of the
16 trade, public utility, mining, and service industries surveyed, and
14 showed gains in pay rolls. Two industries— wholesale trade and
hotels— reported declines in both employment and pay rolls. Retail
trade, although employing fewer workers, had larger pay rolls. In
the retail trade employment declined 0.1 percent due to a decrease
of 0.8 percent in general merchandising. Several important branches
of wholesaling (food, groceries, machinery, and hardware) reported
small gains in employment. Sharp declines in the trade group,
assemblers, and country buyers, were largely responsible for the 0.5
percent decline in employment in wholesale trade. Resort hotels
showed a seasonal expansion in employment, but year-round hotels
reported a decrease of 0.4 percent.
The declines in employment in trade and hotels were more than off
set by increased employment in other nonmanufacturing industries.
In anthracite mining employment increased 6 percent and a gain of
3.4 percent occurred in the soft-coal industry. Other important gains
are shown for the metal-mining industry, dyeing and cleaning estab
lishments, quarrying and nonmetallic mining, laundries, and brokerage
establishments. In the aggregate, the 16 nonmanufacturing indus
tries covered employed 18,100 more workers in June than in May and
paid out $3,345,000 more in weekly wages.
Indexes of employment and pay rolls, per capita weekly earnings,
average hours worked per week, and average hourly earnings in June
for 13 of the trade, public utility, mining, and service industries,
together with percentage changes from May 1935 and June 1934, are
shown in table 5. Man-hour data and indexes of employment and
pay rolls are not available for banking, brokerage, or insurance estab
lishments, but the table shows percentage changes in employment,
pay rolls, and per capita weekly earnings for these three industries.
7601— 35------ 3
Table 5.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings, June 1935
Industry
Coal mining:
Anthracite___ ______________________________.
Bitum inous. _______________________________
Metalliferous mining____________ ________________
Quarrying and nonmetallic m ining_____ _________
Crude-petroleum producing_____________________
Public utilities:
Telephone and teleg ra p h ___________________
Electric light and power and manufactured
gas-------------------------------------------------------------Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and
maintenance________ _____________________
Trade:
Wholesale___________________________________
R e ta il.______________________________________
General merchandising__________________
Other than general m erchandising...........
Hotels (cash payments only)3______________ _____
Laundi ies_______________________________________
Dyeing and cleaning _____ ____ _________ _____
B a n k s ..____ ____ ____________ _ _______________
Brokerage______________________
____ ________
Insurance -
Per capita weekly
earnings 1
Employment
Pay roll
Percentage
Index
change from—
June
1935
(aver
June
age 1929 M ay
1934
1935
= 100)
Percentage
Index
change from—
June
1935
(aver
June
age 1929 M a y
1934
= 100)
1935
A ver
age in
June
1935
+33.2
+31.8
+. 1
+ 3 .2
+ .9
-2 3 .8
+17. 4
+18.0
- 8.6
+ 2 .5
56.8
77.9
46.0
50.4
76.5
+ 6.0
+ 3 .4
+ 3.5
+ 1.8
+ .6
- 1 .2
+ 1.6
+ 1 2. 2
- 1 1. 0
- 4 .4
66.0
64.7
31.5
33.8
58.3
Percentage
change from—
Average hours worked
per week 1
Aver
age in
June
1935
M ay
1935
June
1934
$33.83
21.43
22.61
16. 38
27.40
+25.6
+27.5
- 3 .3
+ 1 .3
+ .3
+25.4
+15.7
+ 5 .2
+ 2.6
+ 7 .2
41.1
30.1
37.5
34.4
35.4
Percentage
change from—
Average hourly earnings1
Aver
age in
June
1935
Percentage
change from—
M ay
1935
June
1934
+26.1
+30.3
- 2.6
+ 1.8
- 1.1
+ 26.4
+19.6
- 1 .5
- 3 .3
-.2
Cents
82.8
71.8
59.3
47.4
77.5
+ 0 .7
- 2.8
-.8
-.8
+ 1.2
+ 0 .4
-.2
+ 6 .7
+ .3
+ 5 .5
+ 6.1
M ay
1935
June
1934
70.2
+ .3
- .3
74.4
+ 1.0
+ 4 .3
28.10
+ .7
+ 4 .6
38.5
-.3
+ 1 .4
75.3
+ 1.1
83.8
+ .7
-.2
79.8
+ ( 2)
+ 2.6
30. 28
—. 7
+ 2.8
38.7
- 2 .5
+ .3
78.4
+ 1.8
+ 4.5
71.7
+ .2
- 2.0
63.9
+ .4
+ 1.1
28. 29
+ .2
+ 3 .2
45.3
-.2
-.9
61.5
+ .5
+ 3 .4
82.1
82.1
90.7
79.8
4 81.3
82.3
83.6
(5)
(5)
-.5
-.1
-.8
+ .1
-.4
+1.5
+ 3.3
+. 5
+1.3
+. 3
-.2
-.6
+ .1
-.9
-.7
- 2.0
- 1 .5
+ 1.0
-1 4 .0
+ .6
64.6
62.4
76.3
59.5
* 63. 5
68.2
65.7
(5)
(5)
-.1
+ .6
+ .1
+ .7
-.3
+ 2 .4
+ 6 .5
+• 2
+ 2. 2
+. 7
+ 2.9
+ 1.6
+ 3 .2
+ 1 .2
+ 1.0
-. 1
+ 2 .5
+ 1.1
-1 5 .8
+ 2. 8
27.19
20. 50
17.71
22. 54
13.57
15. 75
19.12
31.47
34.88
36. 29
+ .4
+ .7
+ .9
+. 5
+. 1
+. 8
+ 3 .1
-.3
+ .8
+ .4
+ 3.1
+ 2 .3
+ 3 .1
+ 2.2
+ 1 .7
+ 2.0
+ 4.1
+• 1
- 2.1
+ 2.1
+ 1.2
+ 4 .4
+ 2.0
+ 4 .9
-.3
+ 3 .0
- 1.6
(*)
(5>
66.0
52.7
47.6
54.2
28.0
36.9
44.3
(5)
(5)
(5)
+ .3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
+ .5
(5)
(5)
(“)
+ 1.5
+ .2
-.1
+ .2
+ .2
-.8
+ 1.1
(5)
(5)
(8)
(5)
(!)
.0
41.0
41.5
+ .5
38.3
+ 1.1
42.5
+ .5
47.6
-.4
40.9
+ .7
, 43.0
-2 .5
(5)
' (5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
0)
(5)
1 Per capita weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished b y all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data furnished
b y a smaller number of establishments es some firms do not report man-hour information. Percentage changes over year computed from indexes.
2 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
3 The additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed,
* Revised on basis of census data for 1933.
5 Pata not available for 1929 basef
17
Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Trade, Public Utility, Mining, and
Service Industries
I n d e x e s of employment and pay rolls in 12 trade, public utility,
mining, and service industries and 2 subdivisions under retail trade are
shown by months in table 6 for the period January 1932 to June 1935.
The indexes for hotels have been revised to conform with the trends
indicated by the 1929 and 1933 census averages. These revised indexes
are given in table 7.
T ab le 0 .— Indexes o f E m p lo y m e n t and P ay R olls, January 1932 to June 1935
[12-month average, 1929=100]
Bituminous-coal mining
Anthracite mining
M on th
Em ploym ent
Pay rolls
Em ploym ent
Pay rolls
1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935
January______
February_____
M arch________
A p r i l . _______
M a y __________
June__________
J u ly - _
A ugust_______
September____
October. _____
N ovem ber____
Decem ber____
Average .
76.2
71.2
73.7
70.1
66.9
53.0
44.5
49.2
55.8
63.9
62.7
62.3
52.5
58.7
54.6
51.6
43.2
39.5
43.8
47.7
56.8
56.9
61.0
54.5
64.1
63.2
67.5
58.2
63.8
57.5
53.6
49.5
56.9
58.5
60.7
61.6
62.9
64.4
51.4
52.6
53. 5
56.8
____
61.5
57.3
61.2
72.0
58.0
37.4
34.5
41.4
47.0
66.7
51.0
56.2
43.2
56.8
48.8
37.4
30.0
34.3
38.2
46. 6
60.7
61.6
47.8
44.3
73.2
65.8
82.4
51.7
64.0
53.3
42.3
39.7
47.0
48.3
51.2
52.3
57.5
64.3
38.9
49.9
49.5
66.0
____
Average .
69.8
69.3
67.6
63.7
61.2
61.3
63.2
68.6
71.8
68.0
74.8
75.4
75.8
76.1
77.8
72.2
76.7
76.7
77.0
77.1
78.2
79.3
79.8
79.7
80.0
81.1
81.6
74.3
75.3
77.9
____
47.0
47.0
46.8
33.9
30.7
27.3
24.4
26.4
30.2
37.8
38.0
37.7
36.1
37.2
30.7
26.6
26.9
29.2
33.6
43.3
44.1
44.1
50.7
50.8
51.3
54.6
58.9
51.4
54.4
55.1
49.7
50.4
51.4
57.6
58.3
57.0
59.6
66.1
67.5
45.0
49.1
64. 7
62.5 51.7 59.6 156.9 53.7 45.8 55.9 154.4 67.4 67.9 77.2 178.4 35.6 37.8 54.2 158.7
Metalliferous mining
February_____
M arch________
A p r i l . _______
M a y __________
June__________
July____ ______
August_______
September____
October______
N ovem ber____
Decem ber____
80.8
77.4
75.2
65.5
62.6
60.5
58.6
59.4
62.4
67.0
69.4
70.0
49.3
46.9
45.0
43.3
38.3
32.2
29.5
28.6
29.3
30.5
31.9
33.3
32.4
31.5
30.0
29.4
30.0
31.5
33.0
36.8
38.9
40.7
40.6
40.6
39.6! 44.3
! 44.3
40. 31
39.8 45.0
41.7 46.0
40.8 44.4
41.0 46.0
39.9 ____
42.7 ____
42.3 ____
43.3 ____
43.2 ____
44.4 -------
29.7
27.8
26.5
25.0
23.8
20.1
16.9
16.5
17.0
18.0
18.7
18.7
18.1
17.8
17.4
16.4
17.0
18.3
19.0
21.9
23.9
25.9
25.6
26.2
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
25.4
26.0
25.9
27.2
25.6
26.7
25.1
27.0
25.9
28.2
28.5
29.4
30.1
29.9
30.9
31.8
31.4
31.5
____
____
____
____
------
48.9
47.4
46.0
48.6
50.6
49.5
49.5
51.1
52.4
52.4
49.4
42.3
35.1
34.8
35.1
39.3
43.4
47.3
49.5
51.6
52.6
53.2
51.1
45.3
39.7
38.8
42.0
48.7
54.3
56.6
55.6
54.7
53.3
51.8
49.5
42.1
30.2
29.6
28.7
30.0
32.3
30.0
29.1
29.7
____ 30.5
30.1
27.1
------- 22.1
36.9
37.3
40.5
45.3
49.5
50.4
18.1
17.4
17.8
20.2
23.8
27.5
28.4
29.9
29.3
31.2
28.3
24.4
21.3
21.0
24.1
29.9
35.0
37.0
35.0
34.0
32.4
32.1
29.4
23.6
20.8
22.2
24.9
28.9
32.8
33.8
-------
36.5 34.6 41.6 145.0 21.6 20.6 26.7 130.9 49.0 44.9 48.9 143.3 29.1 24.7 29.6 127.2
Crude-petroleum producing
Telephone and telegraph
i
January______
February_____
M arch....... .......
A pril_________
M a y __________
June__________
July.
.
August_______
September.......
October______
N ovem ber____
December____
Average.
54.9
54.4
51.4
54.9
54.5
54.2
55.4
57.4
56.2
56.8
56.5
57.2
57.2
57.0
56.5
56.8
56.9
58.0
59.5
60.8
66.2
70.6
72.2
75.0
7 , 2’ 74.9
72.4 74.2 I
72.8 74.0
74.0 74.9
76.7 76.0
80.0 76.5
81. 6
82.7
81.8 ____
79.5
78.8
78.7 -------
46.5
46.9
43.2
44.5
47.1
44.8
44. 6
42.9
41.9
42.5
42.4
41.7
39.9
41.7
42.5
40.1
41.6
40.6
42.2
42.5
44.4
50.1
50.3
53.2
53.0
50.5
52.5
53.4
56.4
56.9
60.0
61.2
59.7
60.8
59.0
59.5
55.5
54.9
56.0
56.7
57.8
58.3
____
------
83.0
82.0
81.7
81.2
80.6
79.9
79.1
78.1
77.4
76.2
75.5
74.8
74.6
73.9
73.2
72.3
70.1
69.2
68. 5
68.1
68.3
68. 7
68.9
69.4
70.2
69.8
70.0
70.2
70.2
70.4
71.0
71.0
70.9
70.3
69.9
69.7
70.5
70.0
69.8
69.7
70.0
70.2
89.1
89.6
88.2
83.4
82.8
82.1
79. 6
79.1
75.9
75. 7
74.3
------- 73.5
71.7
71.9
71.6
67.8
68.5
66.6
66. 7
66.1
64.6
67.0
67.7
67.7
69.0^ 73.9
67.9 72.9
70.4 75.3
68.8 73.1
71.4 73.7
71.3 74.4
72. 3
74.0
72.2
74.9
72.2
73.2 -------
55.3 62.2 77.7 175.1 44. J 44. ] 56.9 156.5 79.1 70.4 70.3 170.0 81.1 68.2 71.5 173.9
1 Average for 6 months.
18
Table 6.— Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls, January 1932 to June 1935—
Continued
[12-month average, 1929=100]
Electric light and power and manufactured
gas
M onth
Em ploym ent
Pay rolls
Employment
Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation
and maintenance 2
Pay rolls
1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935
January______ 89.3 77.7 82.2 82.7
February_____ 87.2 77.4 81.2 82.2
M arch------------ 85.5 76.9 81.7 82.2
A pril_________ 84.8 76.9 82.4 82.6
M a y _________ 84 0 76.9 83 1 83 9,
June__________ 83 ?, 77.3 84 0 83.8
July__________ 82.3 77.5 85.0
August----------- 81.5 78.1 85.6
September____ 81.0 80.3 85.8
October........ _. 79.9 82.2 85.8
N ovem ber....... 79.1 82.6 85.5
D ecem ber........ 78.4 81.8 83.6
Average.
88.4
86.0
85.4
82.4
84 ?
80.5
78.7
76.7
74.7
74.4
73.2
73.2
73.0
71.6
71.9
69.4
69.9
69.9
70.0
70.9
71.8
76.2
74.5
74.4
78.0
78.3
79.4
79.0
79.8
79.8
73.8
74.4
75.6
76.8
77.6
77.8
81.1
79.9
79.3
80.6
79.6
78.3
79.5
78.9
77.6
78.0
76.9
76.5
75.6
74.1
73.5
72.3
71.8
71.4
70.6
70.4
69.8
69.5
69.1
69.3
69.4
69.5
69.7
70.6
71.0
70.8
A pril___ ______
M a y __________
June__________
July--------------August
September
O ctober____ _.
Novem ber
D ecem ber..... .
Average.
Average.
80.7
79.7
78.6
77.6
76.6
75.6
75.2
74.9
75.6
76.2
76.0
75.4
73.6
72.4
71.3
71.5
72.2
73.9
75.1
77.9
80.3
81.7
81. 6
81.5
80.6
81. 2
81.8
82.1
82.8
82 3
82.2
82.5
83.5
84.3
85.1
85.0
84.2
84. 6
84.0
83. 2
82. 5
82. L
71.8
70.1
68.8
66.3
67.1
63. 5
61.9
60.3
60.1
60.8
60.1
59.3
58.3
55.1
53.5
52.4
53.8
53.7
55.5
57. 2
58.7
62.4
60.5
60.9
60.3
61.0
62.0
63.1
62.6
62.8
63.8
62. 7
63.6
64.5
64.2
64.8
63.9
64.6
65.2
64.8
64.6
64.6
:::::
80.3
78.3
78.6
78.7
77.2
76.3
73.1
71.8
74.2
76.3
75.4
80.9
72.1
70.4
68.9
73.3
72.1
73.2
71.0
75.4
80.6
83.3
83.9
89.1
59.2
60.1
62.2
62.9
63.0
63.2
63.8
62.8
62.4
63.0
61.8
62.3
60.9
60.6
59.4
58.1
58.2
58.0
57.4
58.2
57.8
59.8
59.4
59.6
62.9
63.1
63.4
63.3
63.6
63.9
79.8
79.6
81.5
82. 5
82.9
82.6
79.0
77.8
81.7
82.6
83.7
91.1
79.5
79.2
80.2
83.6
82.2
82.1
:::::
71.9
69.1
68.5
67.7
65.5
62.7
59.2
56.9
58.3
59.7
58.6
60.4
54.7
51.8
49.0
52.0
51.3
52.2
51.0
54.9
58.7
61.6
61.4
64.0
59.0
58.8
59.8
61.2
61.5
61.4
60.1
'58.4
60.6
61.9
61.9
66.2
59.7
59.3
60. 4
62.5
62.0
62.4
. .. .
76.8 76.1 82.8 183.4 64.2 56.8 63.0 164.6 76.8 76.1 82.1 181.1 63.2 55.2 60.9 161.1
Retail trade—other than general merchan
dising
84.8
81.2
82.6
82. 7
82.1
80.3
74.1
71.5
78.7
83.7
84.6
104.7
76.4
73.0
70.7
80.7
78.5
79.9
74.7
78.4
89.0
93.6
97.0
118.9
86.6
85.0
90.1
91.0
92.0
90.6
83.0
81.2
91.5
94.2
99.9
128.4
87.3
86.2
88.7
94.5
91.4
90.7
78.1
73.1
73.1
72.3
70.5
67.6
61.3
58.5
64.3
67.7
67.9
79.2
61.4
57.1
53.4
60.8
59.3
60.6
56.4
62.4
71.8
75.3
76.1
90.1
71.1
68.9
71.5
74.0
74.5
73.9
69.5
66.9
74.0
77.3
80.2
99.0
73.5
72.3
74.1
77.5
76.3
76.3
79.1
77.6
77.5
77.6
75.9
75.2
72.8
71.9
73.0
74.3
73.0
74.6
71.0
69.7
68.4
71.3
70.4
71.5
70.0
74.6
78.4
80.6
80.4
81.3
78.0
78.2
79.3
80.3
80.5
80.5
77.9
76.9
79.1
79.5
79.4
81.3
77.4
77. 3
78.0
80.7
79.8
79.8
70.6
68.3
67.5
66. 7
64.5
61.7
58.8
56.6
57.1
58.1
56.7
56.5
53.3
50.7
48.1
50.2
49.7
50.5
49.9
53.4
56.0
58.8
58.3
58.6
56.5
56.7
57.4
58.5
58.8
58.8
58.2
56.6
57.8
58.7
58.1
59.4
56.9
56.6
57.6
59.4
59.0
59.5
82.6 84.2 92.8 189.8 69.5 65.4 75.1 175.0 75.2 74.0 79.2 1 78.8 61.9 53.1 58.0 158.2
D yeing and cleaning
Laundries
Januarv______
February_____
M arch________
A pril_________
M a y .... .........
June ......... .....
July---------------August----------September____
October______
N ovem ber____
D ecem ber____
75.4
74.8
73.6
71.8
72.2
70.2
66.4
63.8
62.5
61.5
61.7
61.9
Total retail trade
Retail trade—general merchandising
January______
February_____
M arch________
April _____
M a y __________
June..................
July_____ _____
August----------September-----October______
N ovem ber____
D ecem ber____
71.2
71.0
71.3
71.4
71.6
71.7
83.0 78.8 83.8 182.8 79.8 72.0 77.9 179.1 75.5 70.0 72.1 171.4 68.0 58.9 62.2 163.4
Wholesale trade
January______
70.5
71.0
71.7
72.2
72.6
73. 2
73.1
72.8
72.5
72.2
71.8
71.0
88.2
86.3
85.4
85.4
84.8
84.4
83.6
82.2
81.9
80.7
79.4
79.1
78.6
77.5
76.1
76.5
76.6
79.2
79.5
81.1
82.6
81.3
78.4
78.4
78. 5
78.4
79.2
80.5
82.1
84.0
84.6
83.7
82.9
81.7
80.3
79.5
79.6
79.6
79.7
80.0
81.1
82,3
80.0
76.7
75.0
74.7
73.9
71.8
69.4
66.9
65.8
64.1
61.9
61.4
60.7
58.1
55.4
56.6
57.1
59.4
58.7
60.3
63.5
62.5
60.7
61.1
61.7
61.7
62.7
64.4
66.9
68.3
68.2
66.6
65.9
64.8
63.7
63.3
63.9
64.1
64.6
65.5
66.6
68.2
75.8 67.4
74.4 65.6
74.4 65.8
76.9 74.9
78.0 75.7
78.6 79.1
76.1 76.6
73.4 76.8
76.9 81.9
76.0 81.6
72.0 76.1
69.5■ 70.51
68.1
68.1
72.4
79.9
84.3
84.9
80.5
78.6
80.0
80.3
75.8
72.4
70.3
69.6
72.5
79.9
80.9
83.6
62.4
59.0
58.5
62.5
63.8
62.4
56.9
53.4
57.9
55.8
49.6
45.9
44.2
40.2
38.9
51.7
51.0
53.7
50.0
50.0
57.1
57.4
52.5
47.3
46.8
46.3
51.7
60.8
65.1
64.1
58.9
56.7
59.0
59.1
53.9
51.1
50.4
49.8
53.5
61.9
61.7
65.7
Average. 83.5 78.8 81.3 180.4 70.1 59.5i 64.9 1 65. 5 75.2’ 74.3i 77.1 176.1 57.3 49. 5 56.1 157.2
1 Average for 6 months.
2 N ot including electric-railroad car building and repairing; see transportation equipment and railroad
repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 1.
19
Pvevised Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Hotels
T he revised indexes of employment and pay rolls for hotels (table
7) relate to year-round hotels having 25 or more guest rooms and
supersede the former series in which year-round and resort hotels
were combined. This new series of indexes has been adjusted to
conform as far as possible to trends indicated by census data for hotels
of 25 rooms or more operating the entire year.
Although the Bureau collects employment and pay-roll data from
resort hotels as well as year-round hotels and has heretofore presented
unweighted indexes of employment and pay rolls covering both
types combined, technical difficulties do not permit an adjustment of
these indexes to census levels for 1933. In order to carry through
the adjustment to census trends, it was necessary to extract all resort
hotel data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ reporting “ sample”
over the period January 1929 to date, and reconstruct indexes to
cover only year-round hotels. The elimination of resort hotels from
the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ totals furnished a series which was
comparable with census data for 1929 and 1933.
In making the adjustment to census levels, census figures for
hotels operating the entire year and having 25 rooms or more were
used as a basis. Published census data for 1929 and 1933 give total
employment in this group of hotels for specific months only—-April,
July, October, and December— and annual pay rolls. Additional
census reports for the year 1933, however, show employment by
months for all year-round hotels. From this last-mentioned tabula
tion, it was possible to compute estimated employment for the missing
months in 1933 for year-round hotels having 25 rooms or more,
thereby arriving at an estimated yearly average based on the 12
months of 1933. This yearly average for 1933 was used in comparison
with the 4-month average for 1929, as no census data are available for
other months of 1929 from which computations could be made for the
missing months. As the census figures for the 4 months of 1929 and
the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ indexes for the 12 months of that
year do not show marked fluctuations, the true annual average would
probably not differ greatly from the census average of 4 months.
The method used in adjusting hotel indexes to the level of employ
ment or pay rolls as indicated by census reports for 1929 and 1933 was
the “ additive” or arithmetic method, which is similar to, though not
identical with, the method used in adjusting the Bureau’s indexes of
factory employment and pay rolls. This method is explained io
detail in Bulletin 610 of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The statistical bias which occurred in these indexes over this interval
was eliminated by means of cumulative decrements which were
applied to each monthly index from January 1930 through March
20
1933, and a constant decrement which was applied to each index
from April 1933 through December 1933.
The revised indexes for hotels are shown in table 7. Per capita
weekly earnings are given in table 8 and average weekly hours and
hourly earnings are shown in table 9.
Table 7.— Revised Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Year-Round
Hotels, January 19 29 to June 1935
[12-month average, 1929=100.0]
Employment
Pay roll
M onth
1929
January____
February. __
M a rch .. . . .
A p ril______
M a y ___ . . .
June___ . . .
J u ly _______
A ugust____
Septem ber..
October
N ovem ber. _
D ecem ber. _
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
97.8 99.7
99.5 101.1
100.2 99.9
99.9 98.5
99.9 98.2
100.1 97.3
99. 7 96.1
100.5 95.2
101.5 94.6
101.2 94.6
101.2 92.2
98.4 90.1
90.5
90.4
90.2
90.0
88.9
87.0
85.7
84.2
84.2
83.5
81.5
79.5
78.8
78.6
78.5
77.9
76.2
74.0
72.0
70.7
70.8
71.4
70.6
69.4
68.8
68.6
67.2
67.2
68.2
69.5
69.6
70.4
72.4
73.0
72.3
73.9
76.4
78.9
80.4
81.5
81.8
81.9
80.4
80.0
80.0
80.9
80.6
80.0
80.3
81.1
80.8
81. 1
81.6
81.3
86.3
74.1
70.1
80.2 181.0 100.0
Average. _ 100.0
96.5
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
98.7 99.8
101.4 102.7
102.4 102.5
100.6 99.2
1.00.1 98.8
99.2 97.7
99.1 95.9
97.8 94.1
99.2 93.1
101.0 93.4
100.9 91.4
99.7 89.1
87.8
89.0
88.6
86.0
85.1
82.2
79.9
77.5
77.1
76.7
74.5
72.6
70.5
69.5
68.1
66.1
64.2
61.0
57. 5
54.9
54.9
55.8
54.9
53.9
52.2
52.1
49.8
48.4
49.1
49.4
49.4
49.6
51.5
53.4
52.7
54.9
57.2
60.9
62.2
62.7
62.9
62.9
61. 5
60.2
61.0
62.7
62.4
62.2
62.2
63.5
63.9
63.6
63.7
63.5
81.4
60.9
51.0
61.6
i 63.4
96.5
1935
i Average for 6 months.
Table 8.— Per Capita Weekly Earnings in Year-Round Hotels
M onth
Average
Percent
age
change
from pre
ceding
month
1930
1929
_______
January
February__________
M arch_____________
A p ril______________
M a y ____ __________
June__ _____ . __
July_______________
A ugust____________
September_________
October
________
Novem ber
___
D ecem ber_________
$17.24
17.17
17.04
16. 94
17.04
16.81
16. 89
16. 62
16.71
17.08
17. 00
17.17
+ 1 .1
+ .3
-1 .6
-.5
- 1 .0
+ .4
- 2 .0
+ .3
+ 2 .3
-. 1
+ 1 .5
$13. 35
13. 36
13. 00
12. 64
12. 61
12. 44
12. 42
12. 35
12. 50
12.81
12. 86
13.10
$16.97
17.20
17. 62
17. 23
17.19
17.18
17.07
16.88
16.87
16.85
16. 88
16.87
- 2 .3
+ .4
—2. 5
- 2 .7
.0
- 1 .3
-.3
-.6
+ 1 .1
+ 2 .7
—.3
+ 1 .9 !
i
$12. 35
12. 93
13.21
13.19
13. 23
13. 25
13. 22
13.01
13.13
13.43
13.40
13.50
Average
Percent
age
change
from pre
ceding
m onth
- 1 .3
+ 1 .5
+ 1 .0
-1 .9
-.2
-.1
-.7
- 1 .0
-.4
+ .4
+ .4
-.2
$16. 56
16.76
16.70
16.31
16. 25
16.11
15.86
15. 67
15. 57
15. 65
15. 69
15. 59
-2 .0
+ 1 .5
-.4
-2 . 5
+ .1
-1 . 3
- 1 .4
- 1 .2
-.6
+ .3
-.5
-.2
1935
+ 0 .7
+ 3 .2
+ .1
-.6
-.2
.0
-.5
- 1 .6
+ 1 .2
+ 1. 5
—. 1
+ .5
$13.48
13. 66
13.81
13. 67
13.58
13. 57
Average
Percent
age
change
from pre
ceding
month
1932
1931
1934
1933
January-----February
M arch
April
M ay
June
July
August
September
October
N ovem ber__
December _
Average
Percent
age
change
from pre
ceding
month
- 0 .3
+ 1 .2
+ 1 .0
—.9
—.4
+ .1
$15.34
15.19
14.91
14.66
14. 56
14. 28
13.87
13. 55
13. 51
13. 66
13. 66
13.65
-2 .0
-1 .0
-1 .7
-2 .2
-.9
-2 .1
-3 .1
- 2 .6
-.2
+ 1 .0
-.7
-. 1
21
Table 9.— Average Weekly Hours and Hourly Earnings in Year-Round Hotels
Hours
Average
M onth
Percent
age
change
from pre Average
ceding
month
1932
January.......... ..........
February__________
M arch______ ______
A pril______ _______
M a y _____ _________
June___............... .......
July......................
August___ _____
September_______ _
October.
N ovem ber______ _
D ecem ber................
53.9
54.0
53.0
52.4
51.8
51.6
50.7
51.7
51.1
51.7
51.3
51.7
Percent
age
change
from pre
ceding
month
1933
+ 0 .2
+ 1 .7
-.8
-.6
-.2
—1.6
+ .2
- 1 .2
.0
-.8
+ 1 .4
51.4
51.8
50.9
50.9
51.4
50.5
50.8
50.1
50.2
50. 2
49.8
49.8
Average
Percent
age
change
from pre
ceding
month
1934
-0 .6
+ .8
- 1 .4
- 1 .2
+ 1 .2
- 2 .1
+ .6
—1.2
-.6
+ .2
+ .2
- 1 .4
Average
Percent
age
change
from pre
ceding
month
1935
48.8
48.0
47.8
46.6
47.4
47.2
46.9
46. 6
46.9
47.1
47.1
47.3
-2 .2
.0
-.8
- 2 .3
+ 1 .5
-.6
-.2
—.6
-.2
+ .4
-.2
+ .2
47.2
47.6
48.2
47.7
47.9
47.6
0.0
+ .2
+ 1 .5
-.8
+ .4
- .4
$24.7
26.2
26.8
27.3
27.2
27.4
27.5
27.3
27.5
27.8
27.9
27.9
+ 4 .7
+ 4 .0
+ 1 .5
+ .7
—.7
.0
- 1 .1
—.7
+ .7
+ .7
+ .7
.0
$27.9
28.0
28.0
28.1
28.0
28.0
-0 .7
+ .7
.0
.0
-.7
.0
Earnings
$27.4
26.9
27.5
26.9
26.8
26.9
26.3
25.0
25.4
25.2
25.3
24.9
January___________
February________ _
M arch_____________
A pril________ _____
M a y_______________
June_______________
July_____ _______ _
August__ ______
.
September
__
October.
Novem ber
December______
-1 .7
- 1 .1
- 1 .1
-1 .8
- 1 .5
- 2 .2
—3.1
+ 1 .6
+ .4
.0
-1 .6
$24.3
24.1
23.8
23.1
23.0
23.1
22.9
23.2
23.7
24.2
24.7
24.9
- 2 .4
-.8
- 1 .2
- 1 .7
—.9
+ .9
-.9
+• 9
+ 2 .6
+ 1 .7
+. 4
+ 2 .5
Employment in Building Construction
R e p o r t s from 10,219 firms engaged on public projects not financed
from Public Works Administration funds and in private building
construction show that in comparison with the previous month
employment in June increased 4.6 percent and pay rolls increased
6.2 percent. Two-thirds of the localities covered in the survey
shared in the increase. Compared with the corresponding month
of last year, employment in June shows an increase of 5.3 percent
and pay rolls an increase of 11.7 percent.
In June the weekly pay rolls for 88,732 workers amounted to
$2,137,546, as against $2,013,220 earned by 84,830 workers employed
by the same contractors in May. The average weekly earnings were
$24.09 in June and $23.73 in May. These are per capita weekly
earnings, computed by dividing the total amount of the weekly pay
roll by the total number of employees— part-time as well as full-time.
Reports from 9,832 firms, 96.2 percent of the 10,219 cooperating
firms, show that in June 81,303 men worked 2,489,508 hours and earned
$2,005,954 as compared with 78,263 workers employed by the identi
cal firms in May who worked 2,340,298 hours and earned $1,892,038.
22
The average hours per week were 30.6 in June and 29.9 in May.
Average hourly earnings amounted to 80.6 cents in June and 80.8
cents in May. These averages are computed from the reports of the
firms which included man-hour data.
The reports of the 10,219 firms which reported to the Bureau of
Labor Statistics in June are summarized in table 10. Workers of
all trades engaged for erecting, altering, or repairing buildings are
included in the table. Work on roads, bridges, and docks is omitted.
This survey covers building operations in various localities in 34
States and the District of Columbia.
Table 10.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in the BuildingConstruction Industry, June 1935
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State bureaus]
W)
£
Average
weekly
earnings
Average
hours per
week per
man 1
Average
hourly
earnings *
80.6
Alabama: Birmingham.
+ 5 .3
+ 6.1
19. 46
+ .8
31.3
+ 4 .7
62.3 - 4 .4
1
Percentage
change
from May 1935
+ 2 .3
June 1935
30.6
Percentage
change
from May 1935
+ 1 .5
Amount June 1935
24. 09
Percentage
change
from May 1935
+ 6 .2
o
&
&
a
53
&
Amount June 1935
+ 4 .6 2,137, 546
a
Percentage
change
from May 1935
A ll localities___________ 10, 219 88, 732
Locality
Number June 1935
Percentage
change
from May 1935
Pay rolls
Number June 1935
a
a>
Employment
Dollars
Dollars
California:
Los Angeles________
San Francisco-Oak
land_________ . . .
Other localities___
The State________
75
439
8,545
Cents
63.1
- 0 .2
15
855 + 1 6 .2
19,505
+ 2 1 .8
22. 81
+ 4 -9
36.1
+ 1 1 .1
23
15
852 + 2 4 .7
332
-.6
16,691
6,259
+ 21.1
-1 3 .6
19.59
18.85
-3 .0
- 1 3 .1
24.2
26.7
+ .8
+ 8 .5
80.8 - 4 . 0
70.7 - 1 9 . 9
+ 1 6 .3
42, 455 + 1 4 -6
20.82
-1 .5
29.6
53 2,039
-5 .&
+ 6 .9
70.3
- 7 .9
Colorado: D enver_____
168
670 +19.9
16, 208 +37.1
24.19 +14.4
30.4 +14.7
79.2
+ .5
Connecticut:
Bridgeport.................
Hartford....................
N ew H aven..............
131
247
135
503 + 2 .4
901 + 2 .7
625 -1 7 .3
12,187 + 3 .2
20,922 + 3 .8
15, 346 -1 8 .3
24. 23
23. 22
24. 55
+• 7
+ 1 .0
- 1 .2
32.3
32.9
33.6
75.2 + . 7
70.3 (2)
73.2 - 2 . 5
- 4 .5
23.88
(3)
33.0
+ .9
20,835 -1 5 .8
128, 252 + 7 .7
22. 40
27.83
-s .o
+ 8 .0
31.8
33.0
- 5 .9
+ 4 .8
70.4 - 2 . 2
84.0 + 3 .1
17.05 +12.0
20.12 - 2 .8
26.7
30.2
+ 5 .1
+ 1 .7
63.9 + 6 .5
66.5 - 4 .6
29.7
The State________
513 2,029
-4 .5
Delaware: W ilm ington.
District of Columbia___
88
930
406 4, 609
- 8 .6
-.2
Florida:
Jacksonville_______
M iam i........................
48, 455
39
223 - 7 .1
62 1, 214 +25. 0
3,802 + 4.1
24,427 +21.4
101 1,437 +18.7
28, 229 +18.8
19. 64
Georgia: Atlanta_______
119
+ 6.4
17,381 +18.5
18. 43 +11.3
Illinois:
Chicago____________
Other localities____
121 1,428 +13.1
116 4,654 +22.1
34, 848 + 4 .1
69,776 + 1 9 .3
24. 40
14.99
104,624 + 1 3 .7
17.20
The State...............
T he State...............
237 6,082
See footnotes at end of table.
943
+ 1 9 .8 !
(2)
+ .9
+ 1 .5
72.4
-.8
+ 2 .8
66. 2 - 2 . 6
33.3 +21.1
55.4 - 8 .1
-8 .0
-2 .3
(4)
w
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
- 5 .1
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
+ .1
23
Table 10.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in the BuildingConstruction Industry, June 1935— Continued
(Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State bureaus]
The State________
294 1,899 +10.3
Dollars
Dollars
6,411 +12.9 20.55
5,398 + 4 .5 22. 40
26,330 +16.6 22. 86
4,246 - 3 .4
21.89
I
- 5 .5
+ 4 .7
+ 1 .7
- 5 .4
Cents
79.5 + 6 .1
77.0 - 2 .2
76.9 + . 3
79.2 + 6 .2
77.5 + 1 .3
Percentage
change
from May 1935
25.9
29.1
29.7
27.6
June 1935
Percentage
change
from May 1935
+ 0 .2
+ 2.3
+ 1 .9
+ .6
Percentage
change
from May 1935
312 +12.6
60
241 + 2.1
69
129 1,152 +14.5
194 - 4 .0
36
Average
hourly
earnings1
Number June 1935
Indiana:
Evansville—.............
Fort W ayne_______
Indianapolis_______
South Bend....... .......
Amount June 1935
a
0
£
Percentage
change
from May 1935
o
©
Average
hours per
week per
man *
Average
weekly
earnings
Pay rolls
Amount June 1935
a
2
cn
a
Number June 1935
Locality
Employment
Percentage
change
from May 1935
tuo
.9
42,385 +12.1
22.32
+ 1 .5
28.8
+ .3
Iowa: Des Moines..........
Kansas: Wichita.^_____
Kentucky: Louisville—
Louisiana: New Orleans
Maine: Portland___ __
M aryland: Baltimore.—
Massachusetts: All lo
calities...........................
79
509 +27.6
46
21.8 +21.1
804 - 6 .4
133
113
720 - 1 .1
78
390 + 2 .4
108 1,331 -1 1 .7
11,733 +33.3
4,144 +15.0
15, 513 - 7 . 2
12,006 + 2 .2
8,901 + 5 .4
27,265 -1 1 .8
23.05
19.01
19.29
16. 68
22. 82
20.48
+ 4 .5
-5 .0
-.8
+ 3 .3
+ 3 .0
-.1
28.9
28.2
29.8
27.6
31.7
30.1
+ 6 .6
- 3 .1
+• 7
+ 7 .8
-.6
+ 4 .2
80.2
67.4
64.5
60.4
71.9
69.2
685 6,512 +12.5
174, 765 + 19.5
26.84
+ 6 .2
82.9
+ 4 .4
81.6 + 1 .7
Michigan:
Detroit........ .............
Flint.......... ...............
Grand Rapids_____
457 5,152 + 1 .4
56
296 -1 1 .6
104
324 -2 1 .0
139,871 + 6 .6
6,801 + 4 .1
6,213 -2 0 .4
27.15 + 5.1
22.98 +17.8
19.18
+ .8
34.7
+. 6
33.2 +11.4
30.4 - 2 .6
78.3 + 4 .5
69.2 + 5 .6
62.8 + 3 .3
- 2 .1
-1 .9
-1 .5
- 4 .1
+ 3 .5
- 4 .9
The State...............
617 5,772
-.9
152,885
+ 5 .0
26.49
+ 6 .0
34.3
+ .9
77.1 + 4 .9
Minnesota:
D uluth......................
Minneapolis_______
St. Paul.....................
43
167
184 1,108
135
637
-3 .5
+ 7 .4
- 3 .0
3,956
28,224
15,964
- 5 .5
+ 9 .8
-5 .2
23.69
25.47
25.06
- 2 .1
+ 2 .2
-2 .2
30.3
31.9
31.4
(2)
+ 1 .9
+ .3
78.8 - 1 .7
80.0 + .6
80.2 - 2 . 2
80.0
The State________
362 1,912
+ 2 .7
48,144
+ 3 .0
25.18
+ .3
31.6
+ 1 .3
Missouri:
Kansas C ity *______
St. Louis__________
230 1,466
515 2,761
+ 2 .4
+ 3 .3
37,144
77,173
+ 9 .4
+ 6 .4
25.34
27.95
+ 6 .8
+ 3.1
28.3
27.2
+ 8 .4
+ 2 .3
The State—...........
114,317
+ 7 .4
27.04
+ 4 .2
27.6
+ 4 .5
745 4, 227
+ 3 .0
Nebraska: O m aha.........
147
983
+ 3 .5
N ew York:
N ew York C ity ____
Other localities........
631 10, 098
333' 7,496
+ 1 .8
+9.1
316, 097
179,588
The State________
96J. 17,594
+4-5
495,685
North Carolina: Char
lotte____ ____________
Ohio:
A kron_______ _____
C incinnati8..............
Cleveland.............. .
D ayton____________
Youngstown------ ..
The State________
24.24 +13.3
33. 6 + 10.5
+8.1
+ 7 .6
31.30
23.96
+ 1 .9
- 1 .4
29.3
29.2
+ 4 .7
28.17
+ .2
29.2
315 +12.1
6,054 +24.0
83
408 +30.8
395 2,277 - 9 . 3
+ .2
606 2,796
132
433 + 9 .6
84
385 - 3 . 8
9,812 +28.9
57, 141 - 7 .7
79, 308 + 1.3
9,939 + 11. 4
9,595 - 9 .3
45
1, 300 6, 299
See footnotes at end of table.
7601— 35--------4
23, 827 +17.2
-1 .7
165, 793
- .9
-.5
89.7 - 2 . 0
102.8 + .8
98.2
-.2
72.0 + 2 .7
+ 1 .0 107.0 + .9
82.0 - 1 - 4
(2)
+ .3
96.8
-.3
19. 22 +10.6
33.0 +16.6
58.2 - 5 . 2
24. 05
25. 09
28. 36
22. 95
24.92
- 1 .4
+ 1 .8
+ 1. 1
+ 1 .6
- 5 .8
28.9
-.7
29. 2
-.7
28.4
+• 4
30.2 +11.9
26.8 - 6 . 0
83.1 —. 8
85.9 - 1 . 7
99.7 + .9
76. 1 - 9 . 2
93.0 + .3
26. 32
+ .8
28.7
91.4
(2)
-.9
24
Table 10.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in the BuildingConstruction Industry, June 1935— Continued
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State bureaus]
Oklahoma:
Oklahoma C ity ____
Tulsa______________
78
50
440 + 1. 4
247 +22.3
Dollars
Dollars
9, 353 +11.3 21. 26 + 9 .8
4,980 +34. 6 20.16 +10.0
29. 2 + 9 .0
32.4 + 26.6
Percentage
change
from May 1935
Average
hourly
earnings *
June 1935
Percentage
change
from May 1935
Average
hours per
week per
man 1
Number June 1935
Percentage
change
from May 1935
Amount June 1935
S
Percentage
change
from May 1935
'o
CD
,Q
Average
weekly
earnings
Pay rolls
Amount June 1935
a
©
CO
g
Percentage
change
from May 1935
Locality
Employment
Number June 1935
w>
.5
Cents
71. 6 - 0 . 8
62. 1 -1 2 .7
T h e S tate...........
128
687
+ 8 .0
14, 333 +18.4
20. 86
+ 9 .6
30.3 + 14.8
67.9 - 5 . 6
Oregon: Portland______
153
882
- 5 .4
20, 657
- 9 .0
23. 42
- 3 .8
26.5
-4 .7
88.4
Pennsylvania: i
Erie area___________
Philadelphia a rea ...
Pittsburgh area____
Reading area_______
Scranton area—_
Other areas________
21
167 - 9 .7
342 2,929 + 6.7
188 1,317 - 1 .9
38
270
(2)
165 -1 3 .2
n
2,285
+
1 .2
244
2,154 - 9 .4
61,467 + 9 .0
34, 779 + 1.2
4,958 - 2 . 9
3,749 -1 6 .2
48,325 + 4.0
12.90
20.99
26.41
18.36
22.72
21.15
+• 4
+ 2 .2
+ 3 .2
- 2 .9
- 3 .5
+ 2 .7
18.1
31.9
30.4
27.9
31.5
34.0
(2)
+ 3.9
+4-1
- 3 .1
-1 .6
+ .9
65.1
+ .3
68.4 - 1 .2
89.4 (?)
65.8 + .3
72.0 - 2 . 2
61.7 + 1 .6
+ .7
The State...............
857 7,133
+ 2.0
155,432
+4-2
21.79
+2.1
32.0
+ 2 .9
69.7
Rhode Island: Provi
dence...... .......................
253 1, 690
+ 1.7
40, 237
+ 5 .3
23.81
+ 3 .5
33.3
+ 4 .4
71.4 - 1 . 0
(2)
Tennessee:
Chattanooga_______
Knoxville..................
M em p h is..................
Nashville__________
29
193 + 4 .9
32
383 +16.8
66
394 +20. 1
73 . 649 + 19.5
2,888 +7. 8
6,946 +25.7
8,475 +27.9
9,725 + 17.8
14. 96
18. 14
21. 51
14. 98
+ 2 .7
+ 7 .7
+ 6 .5
-1 .4
25. 2
30.2
34.7
28.1
- 5 .3
+ 9 .8
+ 8 .8
-.7
59.3 + 8 .4
60.0 - 2 . 3
61.9 - 2 . 2
53.4 - . 7
The State________
200 1, 619 + 17. 1
28,034 +21.4
17.32
+ 3 .7
29.9
+ 4 .2
58.0
-.2
Texas:
Dallas_____________
E l Paso____________
H ouston___________
San A ntonio_______
173
815 - 5 .7
154 + 38.7
25
156 1, 078 +8. 1
86
489 + 7 .0
15, 082 + 3 .2
2,412 + 16.4
21, 543 +5. 5
6,184 -1 3 .0
18. 51 +9. 5
15.66 -1 6 . 1
19. 98 - 2 .4
12. 65 -1 8 .6
61.8
64. 6
66.7
55.7
- 5 .1
- 9 .7
-3 .2
-4 .8
440 2, 536
+ 4 .4
45, 221
The State..............
29.9 +14. 1
24. 2 - 7 . 3
30.0
(2)
22.8 -1 4 .0
+ 2 .3
17. 83
+ 1 .4
63.2 - 4 . 0
Utah: Salt Lake City___
71
259
- 1 .9
6,181
+ 9 .1
23. 86 +11. 2
30.1 +10.3
80.3 + 2 .6
Virginia:
N or f o l k - P o r t s
m outh___________
R ichm ond_________
64
113
394
859
- 3 .7
+ 5 .3
7, 126
16, 736
+3. 2
- 1 .7
18. 09
19. 48
+7. 2
-6 .6
28. 5
30. 1
+ 6 .3
-5 .6
63.4 + .6
64.0 - 1 . 5
177 1, 253
+ 2 .3
23, 862
-.2
19. 04
-2 .5
29.6
-1 .7
63.8
T he State________
Washington:
Seattle........... ............
Spokane___________
Tacom a____________
The State________
W est Virginia: Wheel
ing--------------- ------- -----Wisconsin: All localities.
138
59
74
703 - 1 .4
323 -2 2 .7
140 - 1 .4
271 1, 166
- 8 .4
293 +26.3
51
147 2,551\^ + 10.5
16, 601 - 1 .9
8.737 -1 6 .2
3,143 + 16.9
28.2
-.9
23. 61
-.5
27.05 + 8 .4
22.45 + 18.6
24.0 + 2 .1
32.7 + 3 .8
23.8 + 17 .2
98.5 + 2 .6
82.7 + 4 .6
94.5 + 1.4
-5 .2
24. 43
+ 3 .5
26.4
+ 2. 3
92.7 + 1 .2
6, 285 +23.5
50,422 + 4-7
21. 45
19.77
-2 .2
- 5 .3
29.8
31.9
-6 .0
-.3
72.0 + 4 .0
61.6 - 3 . 6
28, 481
1 Averages computed from reports furnished by 9,832 firms.
2 N o change.
3 Less than Ho of 1 percent decrease.
4 Data not available.
5 Includes both Kansas City, M o., and Kansas City, Kans.
6 Includes Covington and Newport, K y.
7 Each separate area includes from 2 to 8 counties.
-2 .0
25
Employment on Class I Railroads
A c c o r d i n g to preliminary reports of the Interstate Commerce
Commission there were 1,002,914 workers, exclusive of executives
and officials, employed in June by class I railroads— that is, roads
having operating revenues of $1,000,000 or over. This represents
a gain of 1.8 percent over the total of 985,163 workers employed in
May. Information concerning pay rolls in June is not yet available.
The total compensation in May of all employees except executives
and officials was $133,819,684 compared with $129,886,731 in April,
an increase of 3 percent.
Index number showing the monthly trend of employment by
class I railroads from January 1923 through June 1935 are given
in table 11. These indexes have been compiled by the Interstate
Commerce Commission and, as in the Bureau's indexes of factory
employment, the 3-year average, 1923-25, represents 100.
Table 11.— Indexes of Employment on Class I Railroads in the United States,
January 1923 to May 1935
[3 year average, 1923-25=100]
M onth
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
January_____
February____
M arch_______
April________
M a y ........ .......
June.___ ____
July_________
August
__
September___
October.........
96.7
96.9
97.3
98.8
99.1
97.9
98.0
98.9
99.6
100. 7
98.9
96.0
95.5
95.3
95.1
96.5
97.7
98.5
99.3
99.5
99.7
100.4
98.9
96.9
95.6
95.8
96.5
98.6
100.0
101.3
102.6
102.4
102.5
103.1
101.0
98.0
95.2
95.0
95.6
97.1
99.1
100.7
100.7
99.2
98.8
98.5
95.5
91.7
89.1
88.7
89.7
91.5
94.4
95.8
95.4
95.5
95.1
95.2
92. 7
89.5
88.0
88.6
89.8
91.9
94.6
95.8
96.3
97.1
96.5
96.6
92.8
88.5
86.1
85.2
85.3
86.7
88.3
86.3
84.5
83.5
82.0
80.2
76.9
74.8
73.5
72.6
72.7
73.4
73.8
72.7
72.3
71. 0
69.2
67.6
64.4
62.5
61.1
60.2
60.5
59.9
59.6
57.7
56.3
54.9
55.7
56.9
55.8
54.7
53.0
52.7
51.5
51.8
52.5
53.6
55.4
56.8
57.7
57.4
55.8
54.0
54.1
54.6
55.9
56.9
58.5
59.0
58.7
57.8
57.3
56.6
54.8
53.8
53.7
54.2
54.8
54.7
i 55.8
i 56.8
December___
98.4
98.6
100.4
101.9
104.8
107.1
108 2
109.2
107.7
107.1
105.0
99.1
Average___
104.0
98. 2
97.8
99.8
97. 3
92.7
93.1
83. 3
70.6
57.8
54. 4
56. 5
255.0
N o v e m b e r ___
1 Preliminary.
2 Average for 6 months.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
Trend of Industrial Employment, by States
C h a n g e s in employment and pay rolls from May to June 1935
are shown by States in table 12. These tabulations have been pre
pared from data secured directly from reporting establishments and
from information supplied by cooperating State agencies. The
combined total includes those types of employment shown in earlier
tables but does not include building-construction data, which are
shown by city and State totals in the section “ Building construction.”
In addition to the combined total of all groups, the changes in employ
ment and pay rolls in the manufacturing, public utility, hotel, whole
sale trade, retail trade, bituminous-coal mining, crude-petroleum
producing, quarrying and nonmetallic mining, metalliferous mining,
laundry, dyeing and cleaning, and banks-brokerage-insurance groups
26
are presented. In this State compilation the totals of the telephone
and telegraph, power and light, and electric-railroad operations
groups have been combined and are presented as one group— public
utilities.
The percentage changes shown in the table, unless otherwise
noted, are unweighted; that is, the industries included in the groups,
and the groups included in the grand total, have not been weighted
according to their relative importance in the combined totals.
The anthracite-mining industry, which is confined entirely to the
State of Pennsylvania, showed increases of 6 percent in employment
and 33.2 percent in pay rolls from May to June. These percentages
are based on reports received from 160 mines, which employed in
June 78,906 workers, whose earnings in the week ending nearest the
15th were $2,669,618.
When the identity of any reporting company would be disclosed by
the publication of a State total for any industrial group, figures for
the group do not appear in the separate industrial-group tabulation,
but are included in the State totals for “ All groups.” Details are not
given for any industrial group when the representation in the State
covers less than three establishments.
27
Table
12 .— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establish
ments in May and June 1935, by Geographic Divisions and by States
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued
by cooperating State organizations]
Total—All groups
N um
G eog ra p h ic D i N um
vision and State ber of ber on
pay
estab
roll
lish
June
ments
1935
N ew E n g la n d ___ 13,985 787,878
M aine— _______
797
49, 375
New Hampshire.
679
40, 721
Verm ont..............
480
15,062
Massachusetts.._ i 8,647 426, 668
Rhode Island___ 1, 262
85, 711
Connecticut____ 2,120 170, 341
M id d le A tla n tic.. 33,784 1,788,956
New Y ork______ 20, 611 772,123
N ew Jersey_____ 3,844 237, 872
Pennsylvania. __ 9,329 778, 961
E ast N o rth C en
tra l__________ 20,084 1,786,124
Ohio____________ 8, 507 525, 798
Indiana_________ 2, 593 166, 486
Illinois_________ 5 4,304 471, 283
M ichigan_______ 3. 617 454, 241
Wisconsin______ o1,063 168,316
West North Cen
tral __________ 12,164 401,010
86,072
M innesota. _ __ 2,219
Iow a___ _______ 1, 757
54,852
M issouri. _____ 3, 434 161, 031
North D a k ota ...
5,074
604
7,394
South D a k o ta ...
581
N ebraska. . ___ 1,808
32, 303
Kansas_________ s 1,761
54,284
S ou th A tiantic.. 11,033 706,193
13.102
Delaware_______
231
M aryland______ 1,682 105,125
District of Co
lum bia ...............
38,367
975
Virginia________ 2,131
87, 703
West Virginia.
1, 286 140, 913
North C arolina- 1, 304 135, 570
South Carolina._
661
57, 643
Georgia. .............. 1, 557
92, 970
Florida_________ 1,206
34,800
East South Cen
tral ___________ 4,613 247,034
K en tu cky______ 1,462
79. 707
81,313
Tennessee______ 1, 309
Alabam a_______ 1, 250
72, 675
Mississippi_____
592
13,339
West South Cen
tral ___________ 4,486 164,217
9 609
19,125
Arkansas_______
Louisiana______ 1,048
39, 808
42,475
Oklahoma______ 1,448
Texas ............... 1,381
62,809
M ountain «_____ 4,578 111, 252
805
17, 496
M ontana_______
Idaho__________
489
9,089
373
8, 749
W yom ing______
37, 693
Colorado. _.
1,176
378
6, 231
New Mexico °.__
535
12, 492
Arizona________
U tah_______ ___ _
560
16,158
262
3, 344
N evada...............
P a cific___________ 6,367 384,372
73, 813
Washington____ 3,151
Oregon_________ 1,418
45,230
California........... m , 798 265,329
Manufacturing
Per
Per
N um
cent
cent Num ber on
Amount
age
age ber of
of pay roll
pay
change (1 week) change estab
roll
from
lish
June 1935 from
June
M ay
M ay ments
1935
1935
1935
- 0 .5 $16,555,196
+ 1 .5
900, 678
+ 1 .0
761, 479
- 4 .1
306, 618
- 1 .1
-. 1
9,302,124
+ .1
-.3
- 1 .0
- 1 .9
+ .8
1, 699.161
3, 585,136
42,645,254
19, 730.021
5. 513, 389
17, 401,844
- 1 .8
- 1 .0
+ .3
40,575,021
11, 760, 464
3, 449. 050
-.8
10, 634, 509
- 5 .5
- 0 .2
+ 1.1
+ 2 .6
- 4 .4
-.7
+ .3
+ .4
+ 1 .8
-.6
- 1 .4
+ 5 .9
- 3 .6
+ .5
- 1 .9
-.1
11,167, 425 -1 2 .2
Per
Per
cent
cent
Amount
age
age
of pay roll
change (1 week) change
from
from
M ay June 1935 M ay
1935
1935
3,187
255
188
131
515,144
39, 659
33, 718
8, 444
- 1 .1 $9,978,963
+ 1 .2
692,019
+ 1 .0
602,679
- 8 .6
168,065
- 1 .1
+1. 5
4-2.9
- 9 .9
1,547
231,897
-2 .3
4, 591, 648
- 2.4
—2.4
- .3
410
64, 72i
656 136,705
4,924 1,031,637
- 1 .4
1,180.146
2, 744,406
22,326,056
31,894
i 757
2,273
-1 .6
- 2 .4
—. 7
9,167. 732
4, 733,070
8,425,254
- 1.7
-2 .8
-3 .0
—2. % 28,590,756
—L 8 8, 256,'360
1 2, 504, 977
—4.3
- .4
-4 .7
381,426
213.089
437,122
6,442 1,266,733
2,297 369, 014
647 121,900
1,948
795
755
+ 1 .5
3, 563,573
+ 1 .6
+ .4
-.2
+ 1 .6
+• 2
+ 2 .2
+ .8
+ .8
8,696,931
1, 936, 754
1,127. 433
3. 484'. 131
109, 382
186,128
678. 205
+ 2.3 2,216
-.4
385
+ 4 .0
390
+ 3 .9
798
+ .6
45
+ 2.4
32
-. 1
151
-. 1
- 1 .9
28A, 287
-5 .0
357, 953
133,579 \: + 1 .8
+ .8
-1 .1
+3. 6
+. 6
+3. 8
- 1 .1
+3. 0
-.3
_ ( 2)
6,153,860
-1 .3
8, 861, 696 - 1 0 .8
2, 813,863 i + 3.2
+ 2 .4
572
66,248
> -1 .5
1,309,284
+ 3.4
- 2 .2
+ 4 .6
+ 8.1
+ 1.6
+ 6.3
- 2 .8
+ .s
- 3 .1
+ 8.3
- + .1
+ 1 .3
1
-.5
- 1 .8
- 2 .5
- 2 .2
- 8 .7
917, 556 + 1.S
1, 587, 697 + 3. 3
3, 091,163 +11.7
1, 800, 636 - 4 .4
701,032 -6 .1
1, 350, 213 - 3 .7
603, 148 - 5 .4
40
407
239
583
182
367
196
3, 571
56, 364
51, 674
125, 281
50, 229
69, 354
15, 533
+ .8
.0
- 3 .9
- 1 .9
- 2 .9
-2 .7
- 4 .4
119, 774
982, 211
1, 062, 224
1, 625, 510
576, 733
884, 557
228,945
+ 1.4
+ 1.4
- 7 .9
- 4 .8
- 7 .3
- 4 .7
- 1 .8
- 1 .8
- 1 .9
-.3
- 1 .9
- 8 .2
4,083,45 >
1, 514, 296
1, 307, 313
1,067, 786
194, 055
916
283
308
2-32
93
- 2 .6
142,092
-3 . 3
29, 791
-.9
55, 881
49. 459 - 2 . 1
6, 961 -1 5 .6
+ (2)
- 1 .4
3,330,178
183,917
37, 434
28,371
78, 983
875
1, 545
10, 494
+ .3
1,17A, 898
+ 2.3
415
26, 215
- 1 .2
+ 5 .8
12,525,697
280,179
+ 1.7
+ 5.1
2,683
77
447,020
8. 76P
- 1 .8
+9.1
6,981,047
174, 809
+ .2
2,194,073
- 2 .4
+ 3.1
+• 1
+ 1 .4
+ 2.3
+ 3.6
+ 4.5
+ .7
- 1 .8
+ .2
+ 1.3
+3. 1
-.7
- 8 .9
+ 2 .6
+ 1 .3
_ (* )
+ 3 .4
-.5
- 2 .3
- 8 .6
-. 1
3,885,173
816.865
581.098
1, 626,813
20,428
34,886
220, 302
584, 780
2,153,494 - 3 .8
556, 971 - 4 .4
846, 352 - 1 .0
666, 111 - 4 .9
84, 060 -1 7 .3
+ .5
848
69,842
-.8
229
12,108
—. 7
- 1 .1
1,244,897
308,506
127,551
- 2.1
706, 004
916, 086
- 1 .5
+ 3 .9
207
134
19,164
10, 362
- 4 .6
+ .3
291, 233
213, 605
- 2 .8
+ 8 .9
-.2
278
28, 208
+ 2 .0
612. 508
+ .9
1,399, 582
2,526,927
429,127
197, 065
221, 336
842, 836
125. 452
273, 006
351, 916
86,189
9,421,110
1. 660. 524
1,012 233;
6, 748, 3531
+ 1.8
5s4
- 1 .4
79
+7. 2
51
+ 2 .2
46
+3. 6
181
+ 2.1
24
- 1 .9
40
+ 1.3
102
+ 1.8
31
+ .9 1,766
- 1 .7
476
+ 4.8
257
+ .9
1,033
+ 1 .9
30,07S + 2.6
4, 651 + 6.3
2. 926 +9. 0
1, 809 +7.4
-. 1
12, 803
242 +1. 3
1, 994 +3. 2
4, 852 +1. 2
801
+ .3
197,537
- 2 .3
30.678 -1 9 .6
23. 951 4-4.2
674,613 + 4 .3
105, 508 + 5 .5
64, 318 +14. 6
49.573 + 4 .7
287. 713 + 2 .7
5, 773 + 6 .0
41, 827 + 2 .9
97. 918 + 3.1
21, 983
-.2
4,709,022 + 1.7
616, 628 - 6 .6
495,947 + 9.7
142, 898
3,596,447
+ 1 .4
+ 2 .S
1 Includes construction, municipal, agricultural and office employment, amusement and recreation,
professional services, and trucking and handling.
2 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
3 Includes laundering and cleaning, but does not include food, canning and preserving.
4 Includes laundries.
5 Includes building and contracting.
« Includes construction but does not include hotels and restaurants, and public works.
28
Table 12 .— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establish
ments in May and June 1935, by Geographic Divisions and by States— Con.
[Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued
by cooperating State organizations]
Retail trade
Wholesale trade
N um N um
G e o g ra p h ic D i ber of ber on
vision and State estab
pay
roll
lish
June
ments
1935
N ew E n g la n d ___
M a in e.. ----------N ew Hampshire
V erm ont. _____
Massachusetts—.
Rhode Island___
Connecticut____
M id d le A tla n tic. _
New Y ork.........
N ew Jersey_____
Pennsylvania—
E ast N o r th C en
tr a l__________
Ohio
_______
Indiana ______
Illinois- _______
M ichigan_______
W isconsin______
W est N o r th C en
t r a l. __ _____
M innesota______
I o w a .. ________
M issouri______
N orth D akota.
South D akota__
Nebraska_______
Kansas________
Sou th A tia n ticD ela w a re- . . .
M arylan d______
D istrict of C o
lum bia_______
Virginia
------W est Virginia__
North C arolin aSouth Carolina—
Georgia_________
Florida_________
East South Cen
tral_______
.
K en tu cky______
Tennessee______
Alabam a_____ __
M ississippi_____
West Sou th Cen
t r a l ... ______
Arkansas_______
Louisiana_______
Oklahoma______
Texas___________
M ou n tain _____
M ontana___ __
I d a h o .............. —
W yom in g______
Colorado_______
N ew Mexico
Arizona_________
U tah___________
N evada................
P a c i f i c _________
W ashington____
Oregon. _______
California ____
Per
Per
N um
cent N um ber on
cent Amount
age ber of
age of pay roll
pay
change (1 week) change estab
roll
from lish
from
June
1935
June
M ay ments
M ay
1935
1935
1935
Per
Per
cent Am ount
cent
age
age
of
pay
roll
change (1 week) change
from
from
June
1935
M ay
M ay
1935
1935
1,292
103
39
31
826
96
197
5,192
3, 745
229
1,218
25,150
1, 553
447
553
17,059
1, 792
3, 746
88,821
65,122
4,151
19, 548
+ 0 .1
+ .7
- 1 .8
+ .5
-.2
+ .2
+ 1 .7
- ( 2)
- .3
+ 1 .6
+ .5
$661,586
37, 667
11,947
12,892
459,854
46,312
93,414
2,664,802
1,998,955
118,092
547, 755
- 0 .1 6,642
+ 1 .0
267
-.4
308
+ 1 .3
168
- . 2 4,338
-2 .4
599
+ .7
962
+ .3 17,532
+• 1 12,052
+ .3 2,101
+ .7 3, 379
99,383 - 0 . 3 $2,003,355
52,809
2, 735 + 1 .2
2,987
59, 319
-.3
1,746 + 1 .6
35, 097
1,358,308
67,228
-.8
9,835 + (*)
189, 347
14,852 + 1 .0
308,475
259,924
-.3
5,766,726
3,979, 398
173, 750
-.5
458,950
20, 287 - 4 .3
1, 328,378
65,887 + 1 .6
+ 0 .5
+ 2 .9
+ .8
+ 2 .5
+ .1
+ .7
+ 1. 4
+ .3
-.3
-.5
+ 2 .5
2,156
1,039
344
361
322
90
42,101
+ .3
15,632
+. 3
5,376 + ( 2)
-.3
12, 606
5,930 + 1 .0
2,557 + 2 .2
1,112,355
406, 545
132,835
848,647
157,978
66,350
+ .3
+ .3
+ .2
—. 8
+• 7
+ 4 .3
195,452 + (*)
- .2
63,630
16,891
+ .9
70,933 + ( 2)
32,114 + (2)
+ .5
11,884
3,862,213
1, 227, 392
320, 260
1,456,559
691, 727
166,275
+ 1 .5
+ 1 .3
+ 2 .1
+ 1 .7
+ 1 .5
+ .6
2,270
387
199
699
184
161
483
m
1,042
13
260
+ .4
33,998
7,804 + 1 .3
- .2
2,949
15,040 + (2)
+
6 .8
646
-.4
753
+
.5
3, 691
3,115 - 1 .0
17,747 - 9 .5
503
+. 4
4,388 + 1 .8
54
196
112
54
64
100
189
1,017 - 1 .6
3,028 - 1 .2
1,732
+ .3
683 + 1 .8
850
+ .4
1, 443
+. 1
4,103 -3 1 .4
30,108 - 7 . 8
71,937 + 3 .1
46,063
+ .1
19, 500 - 1 . 5
20, 252 + 1 .6
35, 299
-.7
73,114 -2 1 .3
550
192
200
96
62
9,156
2, 605
3,323
2,109
1,119
+ 3.1
- 3 .1
+ 9 .2
-.3
+ 7 .9
203,345 + (2)
56,448
+ .1
69, 747 - 1 .5
54, 572 + 4 .0
22, 578 - 4 . 4
613
122
172
165
m
591
100
67
26
166
35
69
78
50
1,098
730
275
93
11,470
+ .4
1,459
-.7
3,206
+• 1
2, 664 + 2 .9
-.6
4,141
7,482
-.8
963
-.7
576 + 7 .3
233 + 1 .7
3,063
+• 5
285 + 4 .0
762 -1 6 .1
1, 262 + 1 .0
338 +4. 3
19,437 + 2.9
10,116 + 4 .4
3, 683
+ .8
5,638 + 1 .9
7,898
3,827
1,150
1,250
1,619
52
898,559 + 1 .1 4,606
212,124 + 2 .3
950
1
510
78,600
391,167
+ . 2 1, 265
115
17,371 + 11.9
23, 316 + 9 .0
196
97, 527
+ .9
787
783
78,454
+ .1
411,575 - 4 .5 4,837
78
11, 378 - 2 . 0
678
103,924 + 1.1
72,657
16, 402
7,617
28,455
972
1, 232
8, 764
9,215
71,374
1, 380
17,969
- 1 .1
-.5
- 2 .3
-1 .1
+ .2
+ .2
-.8
-1 .6
_(2 )
-2 .4
+ 1 .6
1,398,423
310, 614
139, 509
580, 290
17,167
23, 592
161, 297
165,954
1,324,634
28, 969
343,916
+ 1 .3
+ 1 .0
+ 3 .1
+ 1 .2
-.5
+ 1 .7
+ 1 .3
+ .6
+ .5
+ .8
+ 2 .3
729
1,149
302
447
277
743
434
14, 455
11, 438
3,930
4, 295
3,290
8, 599
6, 018
+ 2 .9
-.4
+ .9
.0
-1 .8
-2 .8
- 5 .6
293, 613
213,143
71, 695
66, 916
47, 594
145, 394
113, 394
+ 2 .0
+ 1 .4
-.2
+ .5
-.6
-1 .9
-5 .6
1,647
396
403
680
168
24,223
7,862
8, 094
6, 349
1,918
- 1 .5
+• 1
- 2 .5
- 2 .3
-1 .0
430,579
142, 887
142, 611
114,822
30, 259
-1 .1
+. 8
-2 .2
- 2 .4
-.1
- . 3 1,733
279,531
36,727 + 2 .5
149
74, 480 - 1 . 7
419
63,798 + 1 .0
639
104,526
526
- .1
197,988
+ .3 2,000
27, 913
381
+ .9
13, 781 + 4 .2
247
6,929 + 3 .5
174
79,096 + 1 .5
398
6,469 + 1.3
205
17, 296 -1 3 .9
268
35,302 + 2 .7
222
11, 202 + 2 .1
105
528,637
+ . 4 2,243
277,465 + 1 .3 1, 540
101, 731
+ .2
575
- 1 .2
128
H9,441
30,408
2,272
6,944
7, 570
18,622
21,427
3,410
1,952
1,199
6, 957
1, 476
3, 274
2, 378
781
55,232
16,126
8, 745
30,861
- 2 .0
-1 .6
-1 .0
+ .3
-3 .7
+ .9
+ 2 .4
- 1 .7
+ 2 .7
+ 1 .1
+• 1
+ .2
- .2
+ 4 .4
+ .3
-.3
+ .4
+. 6
519,625
35,306
115, 426
136,893
232,000
459,338
78, 788
41,036
28, 286
138, 659
32, 711
67, 795
52,341
19, 722
1,133,256
337, 208
181, 046
615,002
-1 .4
-2 .0
-3 .0
+ .6
-1 .5
+ 2 .3
+ 1 .2
+ 1 .2
+ 4 .6
+ 3 .8
+ .6
+ 1 .8
+ 1 .5
+ 2 .9
-.2
+ 1 .6
+. 2
-1 .2
-.
s Less than Ho of 1 percent.
' Weighted percentage change.
? Includes construction, miscellaneous services (theaters), and restaurants.
6 Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel, and building stone.
Includes banks, insurance, and office employment.
« A p ril-M ay comparisons revised. Percentage changes from April should have been as follows: “ A ll
group s” , M ountain pay roll +1.3; New Mexico employment, +1.6; pay roll, +1.4; “ m anufacturing”
M ountain employment, +6.4; pay roll, +5.2; New Mexico em ployment, +0.4; pay roll, +4.4.
29
Table 12 •— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establish
ments in May and June 1935, by Geographic Divisions and by States— Con.
[Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics but are taken from reports issued
by cooperating State organizations.!
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
N um
G eog ra p h ic D i N um
vision and State ber of ber on
pay
estab
roll
lish
June
ments
1935
New E ngland___
M aine...............
New Hamp
shire________
Verm ont..........
Massachusetts
Lhode Island.
C onnecticut.. .
Middle Atlantic..
New Y ork____
N ew Jersey___
Pennsylvania _
East N o rth C en
t r a l____________
O h io .......... .
Indiana______
Illinois ______
Michigan_____
W isconsin____
West N o r th
Central________
Minnesota
Iow a__ _______
M issouri.........
North DakotaSouth Dakota.
Nebraska.........
Kansas_______
S outh Atlantic. _
Delaware_____
M aryland____
District of Co
lum bia..........
Virginia______
W est Virginia.
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia_______
Florida_______
East South Cen
tral____ _______
K entucky____
Tennessee____
Alabama ___
Mississippi___
West S o u t h
Central________
Arkansas_____
Louisiana____
Oklahoma........
Texas................
M ountain______
Montana_____
Idaho_________
W yom ing........
Colorado..........
New Mexico
Arizona______
U tah_________
Nevada
Pacific___________
Washington. . .
O r e g o n ._____
California____
Per
Per
N um
cent
cent N um ber on
Am ount
age ber of
age
of
pay
roll
pay
change (1 week) change estab
roll
from
from lish
June
1935
June
M ay
M a y ments
1935
1935
1935
94
11
3,086 - 3 .4
521 -1 6 .8
$59,920 - 5 .9
9,893 -2 5 .0
11
38
16
71 -2 1 .1
1,882 + 1 .9
413 - 4 .0
1,209 -3 9 .5
36,108 + 2 .2
9,141
+ .2
-2 .0
+1 1
+ 3 .0
.0
+ .4
199
8,292
2,231
589
5,472
290
138
75
22
43
12
7,662 + 5 .8
3,774 + 5 .3
1,710 -(-4.4
729 + 5 .0
1, 265 + 6 .6
m +81.4
155
25
23
59
4 ,170 + 1 .5
340 +21.4
-.2
507
1,594 + 5 .1
71,847 + 7 .8
5,356 +19.4
10,194 + 22.0
24, 227 +10.6
6
13
29
109
101 +83.6
419 - 8 . 3
1,209 - 6.4
+ .3
5,524
1,420 +55. 0
6, 278 +11.8
24,872 - 4 . 0
70,245 - 2 .6
7
245 +18.4
4,015 +21.1
- 2 .3
+ 2 .4
+ 6 .6
+ 1.1
+ .4
- 3 .3
17, 758 - 9 .3
-.9
11,167
4,617 +14.5
2,391 + 4 .5
18,298 - 3 .2
11,999 - 5 .5
30
19
10
4
23
16
1, 503
713
305
178
1,598
982
84
40
19
15
10
2,354 + 1 .5
952 - 2 .2
677 + 2 .9
551 + 1.5r
174 +20.0
38
3
5
14
16
23
8
1,482
86
609
210
577
297
104
-7 .6
-1 4 .9
-3 .8
+20.0
-1 7 .0
+11.2
+ 13.0
136,478
66,423
28,041
14,842
24, 551
2,621
+11.7
+12.5
+11.9
+12.8
+ 8 .2
+18.0
31
3,734
- 4 .9
$64,518
- 7 .5
3,096 - 2 .6
638 - 14.6
50,978 - 4 .9
13,540 -1 6 .2
51
22
3,378
1,285
56,713
+. 1
29,045 +11.2
13
1,567 -1 4 .9
16
526 -1 1 .6
31
(n)
- 7 .7
+ 5 .2
16, 453 -1 3 .1
11,215
- 8 .3
26,179 + 6 .3
9,435 + 3 .4
8,043 +11.0
6, 380 - 1 .6
2,321 +31.7
13
+ 5 .4
31,882 +12.5
4
9
427 +18.6
1,196 + 1 .4
7,372 - 2 . 6
24,510 +18.0
22,609
881
7,279
2,374
12,075
4,468
1,485
-6 .4
-1 2 .5
+19.9
+28.1
—20.7
+ 3 .9
+ 8 .4
25
1,114 +271.3
15,428 +273.7
12
4
21
13
15
34
1,163 + 2 .2
925 + 1 .0
3, 893 + 4 .8
2, 381 + 5.1
678 +10.6
3,163 +1 .6
28,845
17,170
89, 500
55, 710
16,109
88,017
4
SO
123
3,040
2, 641 + 24.5
85,376 - 1 .1
5
38 +90.0
605 +67.6
3
7
56 +14.3
99 - 6 .6
700 + 6 .7
1, 678 -1 2 .2
53
12
5
36
1,479
.0
517 -1 0 .4
71 +20.3
891 + 5 .7
28,861 - 6 .3
10, 088 - 7 .8
1,297 +14.6
17, 476 - 6 .7
Per
Per
cent
cent
Amount
age
age
roll
change of(1pay
week) change
from
from
June
1935
M ay
M ay
1935
1935
3,569 -1 1 .2
146,164 + 1.0
42,856 - 3 .9
11,856 + 1.1
91, 452 + 3 .5
18
353
68
35
150
11 Not available.
Metalliferous mining
25
88
16
7
1,623
1,114 +271. 3
14,811
3, 879
1,892
+ 3 .0
—1.4
+ 4.9
+ 3 .4
+1-6
15,428 +273. 7
354,402 —3.0
99, 676 —13.8
47,392 + 8 .5
-2 .0
+ 1 .1
-3 . 3
+ 7 .5
+ 6 .8
-.5
30
Table 12 .— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establish
ments in May and June 1935, by Geographic Divisions and by States— Con.
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y th3 Bureau of Labor Statistics but are taken from reports issued
b y cooperating State organizations]
Bituminous-coal mining
G e o g ra p h ic D i N um N um
vision and State ber of ber on
estab
pay
lish
roll
ments June
1935
N ew
Crude-petroleum producing
Per
Per
N um
cent
cent N um
Amount
age
age ber of ber on
of pay roll
pay
change (1 week) change estab
roll
from
from lish
June
1935
June
M ay
M ay ments
1935
1935
1935
Per
Per
cent
cent
Am ount
age
age
of pay roll
change (1 week) change
from
from
M av June 1935 M a y
1935
1935
Hamp-
V erm ont_____
Massachusetts.
Rhode Island..
Connecticut__
Middle A tlantic..
m
New Jersey. __
424
P ennsylvaniaEast North C e n
157
tral _____ ______
75
O hio_________
49
I n d ia n a _____
30
Illinois__ _____
3
M ichigan_____
W isconsin____
West North Cen
61
tral
M innesota___ ..
Iowa
______
Missouri______
18
North Dakota.
6
South D akota.
Nebraska
Kansas
16
S ou th Atlantic...
397
Delaware_____
M aryland____
U
Distrct of Co
lum bia_____
22
Virginia______
361
W est Virginia.
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Florida. . __
East South Cen
190
tral__ __________
130
K en tu cky____
12
Tennessee____
48
Alabam a_____
Mississippi___
West S outh Cen
25
tral____________
5
Arkansas_____
Louisiana____
15
Oklahoma____
5
Texas___
M o u n tain___
lie
10
M ontana_____
Idaho___ _____
32
W yom ing____
45
C olorado_____
14
N ew M e x ico ..
Arizona
Utah. ______
15
Nevada
Pacific. ________
12
12
W ashington. _.
O r e g o n ..____
California.
79,343
4 5 .6
79,343
$1,744,444
+43.9
23
681
+ 0 .3
$16,506
+ 0 .6
+ 5 .6
1,744,444 +43.9
23
681
+ .3
16, 506
+ .6
28,181 +11. fi
14, 666 + 7 .2
5,814 + 6 .5
614,064 +40.9
307, 691 +30.2
142, 332 +45.3
666
—.1
305 - 5 . 0
88 +35. 4
161 + 7 .3
112 -1 4 .5
14,694 + 2 .6
6, 654 - 1 . 2
1,770 +46.5
3, 365 + 6 .5
2,905 - 9 . 5
6,952
+ 2 4 .9
749
+ 8 .2
12, 345 +31.4
36
13
7
10
6
5,
+ 4 .2
102,142 +27.8
40
2,574
+ .*
68,443 +10.1
1, 792
1,278
323
+ 5 .7
+ .8
- 2 .4
37,182 +33. 5
18, 634 +17.8
6, 572 -1 8 .5
014
40
14
2, 574
691
+ .4
-.4
68,443 +10.1
14,923
+ .5
14
691
-.4
14,923
+ .5
2,
151,696
+ 6 4 .7
+ 6 .3
39,754
+ 4 1 -0
79,972
+ 1 .8
1,797,244
+31.4
1,450
+ 1 .8
28,218
+ 7 5 .0
4, 549
73,973
- 1 .3
+ 1 .9
74,140 + 5 .7
1, 694,886 +32.3
38, m
2 7 , 093
2, 54c
9, 010
- 1 .1
-.7
- 1 .1
- 2 .5
693,45,’) +14.6
523,156 +17.3
37, 248 +10.3
133, 051 + 6 .3
7
7
292
292
—1.4
- 1 .4
4.236
4.236
—1.8
-1 .8
884 +21.8
16,18C +51.9
114
7
18
75
18,67.
490
1,219
10, 342
—.3
- 1 .2
-.7
+ .4
532,10
12, 231
31, 789
265, 344
—1.4
-2 .8
+ 1 .5
-1 .6
14
6,620
-1 .3
222, 739
3
13
1,545
153
+ 6.S
.0
42,621
3,873
+ d
+ 2 .2
10
3
7
1, 070 + 9 .5
127 +10. 4
195 - 2 .5
30, 085
3,288
5,375
+ 4 .5
+ 6 .0
+ 4 .5
56
7,713
— .1
245,220
+ 1 .3
56
7,713
245, 220
+ 1 .3
75
-2 .6
451 +54.5
358
+. 3
10,72.i —2 3
826
-.6
1,381
+ 3 0 .3
8, 742 +136. 7
6, 063 + 2.7
235, 94
+ 1.9
21, 705 + 5.2
3, 501
3,331
1,687
+ 3 .0
- 3 .7
- 7 .8
85, 692 - 1 .0
64,716 +17.9
33,427 + 2 .8
1,380
- 5 .9
30, 407 -1 7 .9
i, m
1,100
—.2
-.2
28,508
28, 508
+ 8.1
+ 8.1
-.
1
31
Table 12.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establish
ments in May and June 1935, by Geographic Divisions and by States— Con.
[Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics but are taken from reports issued
by cooperating State organizations]
Public utilities
G eogra p h ic D i N um N um
vision and State ber of ber on
pay
estab
lish
roll
ments June
1935
N ew E n g la n d .
M aine____ _____
New Hampshire
Verm ont_______
Massachusetts—
Rhode Island___
Connecticut___
M id d le A tla n tic.
New Y ork_____
New Jersey-----Pennsylvania—
E ast N o rth C e n
tra l.............
Ohio__________
Indiana_______
Illinois.............
M ichigan______
Wisconsin_____
W est N o rth C en
t r a l...........
Minnesota_____
Iowa__________
Missouri______
North D akota..
South Dakota....
Nebraska_____
Kansas_______
S o u t h A t la n t ic ..
Delaware___
M aryland_____
District of Co
lum bia.. ....
Virginia_______
West Virginia__
North Carolina.
South Carolina..
Georgia_______
Florida________
E ast S o u t h C en
tra l_________
K entucky_____
T ennessee........
Alabam a. .........
Mississippi_____
W est S o u t h C e n
tr a l-................
Arkansas...........
Louisiana______
Oklahoma.........
Texas_________
M o u n t a in ____
M ontana______
Idaho_________
W yom ing_____
Colorado______
New M exico____
Arizona_____
U tah________
N evada_____
P a cific________
W ashington..
Oregon______
California___
521
85
64
52
68,427
2,981
2, 387
1. 564
1 2 125
45,873
43
152
2,214
801
5, 698
9,924
194,892
119, 904
21,541
58,447
1,291
567
143
155,557
35, 680
8,180
89
71,031
1,111
302
451
Per
Per
N um
cent
cent N um ber on
Amount
age
age ber of
of pay roll
pay
change (1 week) change estab
roll
from
from lish
June
1935
June
M ay
M ay ments
1935
1935
1935
+1.0
$2,076,596
79, 633
64,987
+ 1. *
2.0
40,340
+ .5
1, 395, 438
+ 1 .4
177, f "
318, 203
+ .7
+ .2
6,15." ,670
3,939, 342
+ .1
+ .4
646,134
+.2
1,670,184
+ 1 .3
+
+ ( 2)
29, 513
+ .6
+ 1 .5
8
+ .5
11,153
+ 1 .5
+ 1.0
1,213
30
5«,74‘
12, 952
9, 606
20,498
l,43r
1,101
5, 693
7 , . '"
51,818
1,164
99
12,360
+.6
54
197
126
126
91
234
256
10, 336
5, 709
5. 421
2, 134
2,152
7, 507
5, 035
+ .9
-.7
+ 1 .4
+2.8
+ .4
+ .5
315
275
119
219
15,613
6,339
5, 296
1,906
2, 072
+■
-.3
+ 2 .3
1.0
20,483
1,
5,914
6, 549
+ 1.5
330
6,799
+ 3 .1
69'i)
118
63
48
225
55
7,
14,10i
2, 29:
796
446
5,984
663
1, 513
1,
414
61,744
10, 255
5, 733
+. 9
+ 3.3
+ 1.5
1,897
273
507
349
184
128
294
12 162
827
29
184
284
40
225
193
45, 756
4,531,315
989,688
209,118
2,090,572
891, 280
350, 557
+4. 0
+. 6
1,539,982
352, 306
226, 506
564, 29:
34, 203
26, 281
142,911
+ .4
+ .8
1,392,802
32.889
+ .4
+ .5
+ .8
+2.1
+2.1
+
-
1.8
+1.0
+ .6
+•
+.-.44
+4.9
2
+2.4
-
.
1
-6 . 1
+. £
+• 6
+ 1 .0
+ .6
* Less than Ho of 1 percent.
11 N ot available.
Includes steam railways.
7601— 35------ 5
Hotels
192, 593
+ 1.6
153
23
13
18
63
10
26
44L4
211
81
152
-.9
+ .5
+ 4.5
+ 1.2
+ 3 .6
+ 3 .0
+ .9
+1.0
1.0
+
+ .5
-
-
434,356
117, 672
29,974
218,379
68,331
-.3
-1 .8
-7 .4
-A
+5. 3
309
70
53
85
20
18
38
25
13,884
3, 465
2, 395
5,102
303
267
1, 772
580
-A
+ 1.4
- 4 .3
+• 4
+ 2 .0
+ 1 .5
+ 1 .0
-1 .9
161,030
43,718
22, 710
63, 419
3,095
3, 006
18,433
6,649
-.1
+ 1 .8
-3 . 4
+ .4
274
5
12,931
- 4 .5
158,838
- 3 .2
287
695
+ .3
-5 .8
3,802
8,696
-1 .3
- 2 .9
-.4
+ 1.1
+ 1.2
+ 1.6
+ 6 .3
+ 1 .‘
- .5
+ 3 .4
19
351,997
149, 319
120, 813
39,601
42, 264
+.
-.2
+ 2.3
- 3 .0
-.7
511,22
+ .2
+1.2
-.7
- 1 .3
+• 5
1,310, 627
45
34
34
34
11
31
61
100
33
33
20
14
110
24
143, 232
157, 493
181,306
$120,376
+ ( 2>
9,946 + 1 9 .1
3,519 + 3 2 .2
4, 440 + 1 5 .3
SO,373
-3 .8
5,497
+ 3 .3
16,601
- .3
635, 768 + 1 .1
445,487
+ 1 .2
57, 717 + 7 .0
132, 564
- 1 .6
+ .2
—. 5
-4 . 1
+• 4
+ 3 .0
+ 2 .6
+ 3.1
-.6
+• 2
354,861
67, 290
15.966
10, 769
156.198
13,428
37,445
41, 663
12,102
1,767,068
292, 882
163, 559
8,523
+ 1 .0
898 +35. 4
294 + 3 6 .1
448 + 1 2 .3
- 5 .2
5,304
391
+4.G
1,188
+ .3
+ 1 .4
42,252
27,864
+1. 2
4, 686 + 6 .0
9,702
-.3
1935
32,982
9, 062
2,871
14,253
5, 283
1,513
299, 700
138,785
143, 306
44,458
42, 434
198,048
125, 873
29,191
1935
580
123
61
1.2 13 265
90
1.6
1.0
41
_ ( 2)
+ 1.2
+
Per
Per
cent
cent
Amount
age
age
of
pay
roll
change
(1 week) change
from
from
June
1935
M ay
M ay
17
36
33
+■4
+f.«
17G
32
19
11
50
17
18
13
16
301
85
56
+ .1
+ 1.
’
160
4, 535
- 1 .8
2,241
+ 2 .5
1,190
-.8
1, 419 - 1 1 .8
184 - 2 3 .3
1,280
-1 .9
1,106 - 1 9 .1
6,237
(ii)
- 4 .3
57,175
22, 037
21,275
8,916
4,947
6,930
- 1 .5
79,901
856
- 1 3 .4
+ .7
2, 842
-6 .8
- 1 3 .0
- 2 .8
- 4 .5
+ 3 .6
7 ,746
+ .8
-3 .8
- 1 .7
22, 038
15, 689
+ 3 .7
- 1 .9
+ 1 .3
34, 428
+ 1 .S
4,037 + 1.7
549
+.4.
445 - 7 .1
102 + 9 .7
1, 275 +11.1
419 - 5 .6
349 -1 4 .5
613 + 6.1
285 + 5 .2
13,401 + 1 .0
2, 632 - 2 .2
1,256 + 1.3
9,513
-.*8
-2 .2
73,026
- 1 .7
23, 640 + 1 .2
12,982
-.5
13,020 — 10. 6
1, 593
-1 .4
10, 588
-2 .4
11,491 - 1 5 .4
2,162 - 1 1 . 0
2, 440
- .9
-2 .4
1, 036
599 + 5 .6
1,842
1.390
+ .9
+ 2 .8
53,408
+ .8
8, 004
-.8
5, 283 - 3 .0
1,279 +2. 3
16, 612 + 6 .5
4,171
1
5, 556 -1 7 .7
8, 577 + 8 .5
3,926 + 3 .0
197,283
-.4
31,600
-.2
16, 530
+• 2
-.
149,157
h Includes restaurants,
w Includes railways and express.
-.5
32
Table 12 .— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establish
ments in May and June 1935, by Geographic Divisions and by States— Con.
[Figures in italics are not com piled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics but are taken from reports issued
b y cooperating State oganizationsj
Laundries
N um
■Geographic d i N um ber on
vision and State ber of
pay
estab
roll
lish
June
ments
1935
New E ngland ----M aine— .........
N ew Hampshire.
V erm ont........ -- Massachusetts—
R hode Island —
Connecticut------Middle Atlantic.
New Y o r k ..........
N ew Jersey-------Pennsylvania.
East North C e n
tral__________
Ohio __________
Indiana-----------M ichigan----------"Wisconsin____ _
West North Cen
tral__________
M innesota--------Iow a___________
M issouri_______
N orth D akota.-South D akota__
Nebraska----------Kansas_________
S o u th A tlan tic..
Delaware_____ _
M a r y la n d .------Dist. Columbia Virginia________
West Virginia__
North C arolin aSouth Carolina. .
Georgia_________
Florida_________
East South Cen
tral_____ _____
K entucky______
Tennessee______
Alabam a.......... —
Mississippi..........
West South
C en tralArkansas_______
Louisiana_______
Oklahoma______
T e x a s ..................
M ou n tain _______
M ontana.............
I d a h o ................
W yom ing............
C olorad o.. ..........
N ew Mexico
Arizona________
Utah........ ............
Pacific.. ----------Washington- . . .
Oregon___ ___
California
Dyeing and cleaning
Per
Per
cent Amount
cent Num N um
age of pay roll
age ber of ber on
pay
change (1 week) change estab
roll
from
from lish
June
1935
June
M ay
M a y ments
1935
1935
1935
Per
Per
cent
cent
A m ount
age
age
change of pay roll change
(1 week)
from
from
June
1935
M ay
M ay
1935
1935
249
27
20
5
140
21
36
166
85
44
37
9,574
552
341
88
6,022
1,098
1,473
14,829
7,281
4,827
2, 721
+1 .8
+ .7
+ 2.1
+ 2 .3
+ 1 .6
+ 1. 6
+ 3 .6
+2.0
+ 2.1
+ 2 .2
+ 1 .4
$157, 780
8,080
5,090
1,091
98,904
19,089
25, 526
260,818
131,936
84,822
44,060
+ 2 .6
+ 3 .3
+ 3 .4
+ 1 .5
+ 1 .9
+ 1 .8
+ 5 .8
+ 3 .4
+ 2 .6
+ 4 .9
+ 3 .0
123
10
5
7
78
6
17
83
24
13
46
3,685 + 8 .9
219 + 4 .8
59 + 5 .4
101 + 4 .1
2,520 +10.3
345 + 3 .9
441 + 8 .9
2,974 + 4.9
624 + 8 .0
444 + 4 .0
1,906 + 4.1
265
80
38
is 64
56
is 27
13,368
4,066
1,822
3,351
3,133
996
+ 1 .1
+ 1 .5
-.2
+ .5
+ 2 .2
+ .7
217,994
68, 409
27,047
58,152
48, 905
15,481
+ .8
+ 1 .4
-.9
+ .7
+. 3
+ 2 .8
150
75
36
3,991
2,155
607
39
1,229
167
35
25
44
10
6
13
is 84
148
4
22
20
24
18
10
9
18
23
7,172
1,543
970
2,636
226
128
816
853
10,696
303
1,688
2, 987
1,056
666
651
464
1,867
1,114
+ (2)
+ 1 .0
-.6
+ .1
+ 1 .3
+ 2 .4
- 3 .1
+ 1.1
+ 1 .4
-.7
+ 1 .4
+ 6 .4
+ .9
+ .6
+ 1.1
+ 1 .8
+• 1
- 6 .8
103,892
26, 615
13,833
35, 253
3, 519
1,608
11,331
11,733
147,528
5, 492
25,369
48, 497
12, 919
9,896
7 ,535
4,418
21,667
11, 735
2,259 + 3.5
39,737 + 6 .3
78
+ .9
+ 1 .8
518 + 1 .0
9, 638 + 2 .7
18
205 + 1 .5
+ 1 .0
16
3,786 + 1. 3
+ .5
27
1, 260 + 5 .5
21,489 + 9 .3
+ 2 .0
632
4
36 - 2 . 7
- .6
+ .8
4,192 + 5 .4
- 3 .7
240 + 1 .7
13
+ 4-7 _____ __ ______ ______ __________ __ __
26,645 + 2 .7
+ 2 .4
106
1,675 + 1 .3
4
63
.0
+ 3 .8
1, 338 + 8 .2
+ 3 .9
182 + 4 .0
3,842 + 8 .4
11
+ 6 .3
171 + 8 .9
3,196 + 12.2
5
400 + 3 .1
6, 605 + 7 .3
+ 1 .7
30
+ .2
12
256
-.8
4,080 - 1 . 7
182
2, 472 - 2 . 0
+ 1. 5
11
+• 6
+ 2 .4
1,157 + 2 .6
10
86 + 3 .6
-.2
12
2, 676 - 2 . 4
208 - 2 . 3
1,779 - 8 . 3
- 7 .6
11
127 - 6 . 6
66
35
15
11
5
3,789
1,613
1,391
509
276
+ 1.3
-. 1
+ 3 .0
+. 6
+ 1.8
42,015
20,368
13, 902
4, 691
3,054
-.9
- 1 .4
+. 8
-3 .2
- 1 .7
34
10
11
7
6
611
288
172
92
59
+ 1 .0
+ 2 .9
.0
-3 .2
+ 1 .7
63
15
6
22
20
92
14
16
9
29
4
11
9
3,112
600
361
952
1,299
3,485
359
336
200
1,438
210
323
619
+1 .7
+ 1 .0
+ 2 .6
+ 1 .7
+ 1 .6
+ 3 .4
+ 3 .2
+ 1 .5
+ 5.3
+ 4 .2
+1. 9
+. 3
+ 4 .0
38,396 + 2 ,6
6,288 + 8 .6
3,930
-.9
12,525 + 2.1
16, 653 + 3 .6
53,183 + 4.7
6, 636 + 2 .8
5, 297 + 1.1
3,611 +11.3
20,862 + 6 .2
3,528 + 6. 5
3,959 - 3 .0
9,290 + 5 .4
38
3
7
16
12
55
11
4
3
23
814
27
122
219
446
556
67
29
17
291
+ 3 .4
-6 .9
-.8
+ 4 .8
+ 4 .7
+ 4 .9
.0
- 3 .3
.0
+ 9 .4
12,463 + 4 .5
435 - 2 . 7
1,796
-.4
2,944 + 5 .3
7, 288 + 5 .9
10,964 + 8 .5
1,431 + 5 .2
562 - 2 . 9
394 + 1 .3
5, 710 +17.1
4
10
25
127
- 3 .8
+ 2 .4
362 -1 4 .0
2,505
+ .8
91
16
12
is 63
5,631
640
406
4,585
+ 3.4
+ .9
+ 1.0
+ 8 .9
30
20
10
320
204
116
+ .3
-.5
+ 1 .8
6,276
3, 933
2, 343
2 Less than Mo of 1 percent.
102,914
11,836
6, 759
84,319
+ 5.2
+ 6 .9
+ 4.1
+5.1
$67,041
3,896
1,140
1,714
44,930
6, 227
9,134
61,897
12,427
10, 703
38,767
+ 8 .3
+ 2 .9
+16.3
+ 8. 5
+ 8 .8
+ 6 .9
+11.4
+11.0
+ 9 .3
+11.5
+11.4
+ 1 .4
+ .8
+ 1 .5
82,446
44, 558
10,486
+ 4 .4
+ 3 .8
+ 1 .5
+ 2. 5
27,402
+ 6 .5
15 Includes dyeing and cleaning.
8,797
4, 277
2, 382
1, 263
875
-.1
+ 4 .2
- 2 .3
-7 .6
-2 .0
+ 3 .6
+ 3 .4
+ 3 .9
33
Table 12.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establish
ments in May and June 1935, by Geographic Divisions and by States— Con.
{Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by
cooperating State organizations]
Banks, brokerage, and insurance
Geographic division and State
N ew E n g la n d -------- ------- --------------------------M aine______________
____ ________ - N ew Hampshire---------------------------Verm ont..... ........................ ..................
Massachusetts-----------------------------------'Rhode Island---------------------------------------- Connecticut---------------- ------------------- ----M id d le A t l a n t i c ....
__________ .
N ew Y ork .................. ............................
N ew Jersey --------------------------------------- Pennsylvania--------------------------- -- .
E ast N o rth C en tra l_____
____
Ohio_______________________ ____________
Indiana______________ - - - . . . -------------Illinois------------ ------- --------------- - ...............
M ich ig a n .........................
........ . . ........
W isconsin....................... ................................
W est N o rth C e n tra l______
____
Minnesota__________________ ________ . .
I o w a __________________ ______
____
Missouri______________ _____
______
--------N orth Dakota------- ------------- .._
South Dakota---------------- ----------------------Nebraska............. - ------- ----------------------------Kansas__________________________________
S o u t h A tla n tic_______________ _________ D e la w a re ------- ------------- ------------------------M aryland--------------------------------------------- --District of Columbia----- . . -------------------Virginia---------------------------- ---------- -----------West Virginia----------------- ---------------------North Carolina---------------------------------------South Carolina------------------------ ------- --------Georgia......................... .................................Florida_____________ ____ _______ _______
E ast S o u t h C e n t r a l----------------------- --------K entucky....................................... ..................
Tennessee------------------------------ - ............ .......
A labam a............ .............................................
Mississippi— - _______________ _____
W est S o u t h C e n tra l_____________________
Arkansas. ______________________________
Louisiana.. _____________________________
Oklahoma---------------------------------- ------Texas.. _____________________________ .. .
M o u n t a in _____ __ __
________ _
M ontana------------------------------ ---------------I d a h o ..------------------------------------------------ W yom ing__________________ _____________
Colorado.............. ................... ........................
N ew M exico____________________________
-------- ---------------------- -------Arizona---Utah____
____________________________
Nevada----------- ------- --------------------------------P a cific____________________________________
W ashington_____________________________
Oregon__________________________ _______
California___ ____________________________
2 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
Number of Number on
establish
pay roll
June 1935
ments
432
16
31
30
10 224
75
56
1,454
665
124
665
622
273
43
90
186
30
273
54
13
77
35
31
16
16 47
256
18
28
28
42
49
29
13
29
20
78
21
29
13
15
96
18
13
23
42
143
23
14
12
39
10
26
16
3
1,215
33
31
1,151
12,358
257
417
236
7 ,845
1,790
1,813
85,629
51,005
13, 701
20,923
28,085
7,814
1, 227
11, 316
6, 597
1,131
11,654
4,329
440
4.618
250
224
414
1,379
7,482
555
896
1.295
1,415
665
620
140
1,114
782
2,396
710
1,067
458
161
2,851
253
427
652
1,519
2,602
238
133
122
1, 223
114
303
453
16
27,245
1, 523
1,146
24, 576
Percent Amount of
Percentage
age
pay roll
change
change
(1
week)
from
from
M ay 1935
M ay 1935 June 1935
+ 0 .2
—1.2
+ .7
+ 1 .3
+ .*
+ .3
-.2
+ .3
+ .3
+ .3
+ .5
+ .4
+ .8
+ .6
+ .2
+ .3
+ .3
—. 2
-1 .2
+ 3 .0
+ .4
.0
+ 1 .8
+ .2
-.3
+ .5
-.2
+ .7
+ .7
+ .4
+ .9
+ 1 .8
-1 .4
+ .7
-.3
+ .4
+ .9
+ .1
+ .7
-.6
+ 1 .3
+ 1 .6
+ 2 .6
+ 3 .8
-.2
+ .9
+ .4
+• 8
+ 1 .7
+ 1 .0
-1 .7
+ 1 .0
+ 1 .1
.0
+ 1.1
+ .3
+ 1 .1
+ 1 .2
$399,763
6, 735
11,589
6,871
234,834
73,926
65,808
2,929,687
1,820, 222
440,931
668,534
964,863
269,072
42,210
397,363
215,161
41,057
357,128
130,472
14,015
142,094
6,185
5,475
15,934
42,953
252,473
20,010
36, 749
49,642
46,559
19,941
16,608
4,460
33,686
24,818
80,296
25,162
37,568
13,869
3,697
86,002
6,339
14,801
21,246
43, 616
83,137
6,818
3,411
3,673
40,532
3,107
8, 566
16,525
505
877,441
49,960
40,380
787,101
16 Does not include brokerage.
+ 0 .6
— 1.0
+13.9
h 2
b.2
h 5
-.2
-.7
h 8
+ .6
+• 3
+ .1
+ .3
+ 1 .1
- .3
+ .2
+ .6
- .3
- .9
+ 1 .1
+ .6
- .5
+ 2.7
+ .7
—2.4
- .2
- .5
+ 1 .7
+ .8
- .2
+ 1 .3
+ 1 .6
+ 4 .6
—5.0
—1.1
+ .6
+ 1.7
+ .3
-.3
-.3
+ .9
+ 1 .3
+ 3 .3
+ .7
+0
+ .8
-.5
+. 1
+ 2 .3
+ .8
+ .8
+ 1 .1
+ 1 .0
+ .6
+ 1 .0
-.7
+ .4
+ 1 .1
34
Industrial Employment and Pay Rolls in Principal Cities
A c o m p a r i s o n of June employment and pay-roll totals with May
totals in 13 cities of the United States having a population of 500,000
or over is shown in table 13. These changes are computed from
reports received from identical establishments in each of the months
considered.
In addition to reports included in the several industrial groups
regularly covered in the survey of the Bureau, reports have also been
secured from establishments in other industries for inclusion in these
city totals. As information concerning employment in build ng con
struction is not available for all cities at this time, figures for this
industry have not been included in these city totals.
Table 13.— Fluctuations in Employment and Pay Rolls in June 1935 as Compared
with May 1935
Cities
N ew York C it y ------------Chicago, 111_____________
Philadelphia, P a _______
Detroit, M ic h ..................
Los Angeles, Calif............
Cleveland, Ohio...............
St. Louis, M o .......... .........
Baltimore, M d __.............
Boston, M a ss...................
Pittsburgh, P a_________
San Francisco, Calif.2___
Buffalo, N. Y_ _ _ .............
Milwaukee, W is........... —
Number of
establish*
ments re
porting in
both
months
16,363
3, 556
2, 783
1,558
2, 698
1,916
1,788
1,415
3,897
1,413
2,051
1,042
641
1 Per
centage
change
from
June 1935
M ay
1935
N um ber on pay roll
M a y 1935
605, 700
322, 924
217, 328
336, 722
130, 653
129, 251
120. 607
81,930
158,366
151,032
86,070
66,058
62. 794
597,940
319,060
218,163
311, 326
131, 887
125, 440
120, 247
81,920
155,927
149, 530
86,134
64, 665
62, 756
Am ount of pay roll
(1 week)
M a y 1935
Per
centage
change
from
June 1935
M ay
1935
- 1 .3 $15, 978, 964 $15, 824, 566
7, 864, 637
7,908, 721
- 1 .2
+ 0 .4
4,983, 626
5,021,833
-7 .5
9,449, 133
7, 932, 230
3,196,933
+ 0 .9
3, 226, 707
2, 873. 908
2,933, 314
-2 .9
2, 537,036
- 0 .3
2, 638, 572
1,
720,
848
1, 755, 330
-0 )
3, 687, 435
- 1 .5
3, 634, 225
3, 368, L59
3, 200, 451
—1.0
+ 0 .1
2, 279, 580
2, 261, 799
1,490,849
- 2 .1
1,481,463
- 0 .1
1, 491, 888
1, 486, 664
-1 .0
-0 .6
+ 0 .8
-1 6 .0
+ 0.1
+ 2 .9
+ 4.1
+ 2 .0
- 1 .4
-5 .0
- 0 .8
- 0 .6
-0 .4
i Less than Ho of 1 percent.
J A p ril-M ay tabulation revised as follows: April employment, 85,360; M a y em ployment, 83,695; per
centage change, —2.0; April pay roll, $2,215,570; M ay pay roll, $2,211,468; percentage change, —0.2.
Public Employment
I n c r e a s e s in the number of workers employed on the various
types of construction work featured the public employment reports
for June. Gains were also shown in the executive and military
services, and in emergency conservation (C. C. C.) work. Decreases
occurred in the judicial and egislative services, and in the emergency
work-relief program.
A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll statistics for June*
is given in table 14.
35
Table 14.— Summary of Federal Employment and Pay Rolls, June 1935
[Preliminary figures]
Employment
Class
June
Federal service:
Executive.. ........... ..................... - i 718,144
Judicial-. ............... ................... ..
1,854
Legislative.._____ _____________
4,871
M ilitary______ . . . ___ _________
258, 410
Construction projects financed b y
P .W . A _________________________
414, 306
Construction projects financed b y
R . F. C ___________________________
11,901
Construction projects financed b y
* regular governmental appropriar- tio n s... ...
. . . . . . . ____ _______
26,191
Relief work :
Ij,E mergency work p rogra m ........... 2, 021, 060
Emergency conservation w o r k ... 3 427, 512
M ay
2 712, 544
1, 879
4,877
254, 340
Per
centage
change
Pay roll
June
M ay
+ 0.8 $109, 295, 603 2$107,751,801
- 1 .3
449, 217
474, 736
1
1,154, 868
1,160,191
+ 1.6
21,361, 278
21, 462,144
394,875
+ 4.9
25,386, 962
10, 506
+13.3
1,191, 338
23, 057
+13.6
2, 228, 064
4 385,192
- 9 .3
+11.0
Per
cent
age
change
+ 1.4
- 5 .4
-.5
—. 5
24, 490, 087
+ 3.7
1,100, 977
+ 8 .2
1, 901, 454
1, 599, 937
+19.0
54,260, 054
s 19, 762,160
64, 559, 740
* 17, 719, 018
-1 6 .0
+11.5
* N ot including 1,398 employees transferred, but not reported b y department to which they were
assigned.
a Revised.
s',36,994 employees and a'pay roll of $4,703,553 included in executive service.
* 34,963 employee? and„a|pay roll of $4,408,840, included in executive service.
Executive, Legislative, Military, and Judicial Services of the
Federal Government
T h e number of workers in the executive and military services of
the United States Government in June was somewhat higher than in
May. Slight decreases, however, were reported in the number of
employees in the judicial and legislative services. More than 983,000
people were employed in the Federal service during June. Pay rolls
for the month totaled $132,200,000.
Information concerning employment in the executive departments
is collected by the Civil Service Commission from the various depart
ments and offices of the United States Government. The figures are
tabulated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Data for the legisla
tive, judicial, and military services are collected and tabulated by
the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
A comparison of the number of employees in the executive depart
ments oi the Federal Government in June 1935 with the number em
ployed in the previous month and in June 1934 is shown in table 15.
Data for employees working in the District of Columbia are shown
separately. Approximately 14 percent of the workers in the execu
tive departments are employed in the city of Washington.
36
Table 15.— Employees in the Executive Service of the United States, June 1934>
May 1935, and June 1935
District of Columbia
Outside District of
Columbia
1 Entire service
Item
Total
Perma Tem po
Total
rary
nent
Perma Tem po Total ! Perma- T em po
rary 1
nent
; nent
rary 1
N um ber of employees:
8,894 * 87,850 498,137 85,169 583,306 2577,093
June 1934.................... . 2 78,956
M a y 1935............ ............ 2 92,715 10, 256 2102,971 515,001 94,572 609,573 2607,716
92,679 11, 206 103,885 516,166 98,093 614, 259 608,845
June 1935_____________
Gain or loss:
June 1934 to June 1935— +13,723 +2,312 +16,035 +18,029 +12,924 +30,953 +31,752
M a y 1935 to June 1935-3 6
+950
+914 +1,165 +3,521 + 4, 686 +1,129
Percentage change:
+ 5. 50
June 1934 to June 1935- +17.38 +26. 00 +18. 25 + 3. 62 +15.17 +5.31
M a y 1935 to June 1935+ .2 3
+ 9. 26
+ . 89
+3. 72
+ . 77;
+ .1 9
0)
Labor turn-over, June 1935:
2,774
A d dition s«____________
3,840
1,066
9,448 26,901 36,349 10, 514
Separations 5__________
1,743
2,949
8,752 21,490 30, 242
1,206
9,958
Turn-over rate per 100........
1.15
16.24
2.85
1.70
22.31
4.94
1.64
94,063 *671,15&
104,828 *712,544
109,299 3718,144
+15,236 +46,988
+4,471 +5,600
+16. 20
+4.27
+ 7. 00
+ .7 9
29,675
23, 233
21. 70
40,189
33,191
4. 64
1 N ot including field employees of the Post Office Department or 31,203 employees hired under letters
of authorization b y the Department of Agriculture with a pay roll of $1,219,392.
2 Revised.
3 N ot including 1,398 employees transferred, but not reported b y department to which they were assigned.
4 Less than Mo of 1 percent.
5 N ot including employees transferred within the Government service, as such transfers should not be
regarded as labor turn-over.
During June there was a net gain of 5,600 employees in the Federal
executive service. Of this number 914 were employed in the Dis
trict of Columbia, and 4,686 outside the District. Appreciable
increases in employment were registered during the month in the
War Department, Department of the Interior, and the Resettlement
Administration. Decreases occurred in the Post Office Department,
Agricultural Adjustment Administration, Farm Credit Administra
tion, and the National Recovery Administration.
Employment in the executive departments of the United States
Government is shown in table 16, by months, from January 1934 to
June 1935, inclusive.
Table 16,— Employment in the Executive Departments of the United States by
Months, from January 1934 to June 1935
[Revised]
M onth
1934
January__________
February_________
M arch. ....................
A pril........................
M a y _ _ ................... .
June......... ...............
July______________
August
_______
September......... .
October _________
N ovem ber________
D ecem ber_______
Outside
District
District
of
of
Columbia
Columbia
78, 691
80, 538
82,194
84,482
86, 588
87,850
88, 645
91, 756
93, 255
94, 019
94, 521
94, 739
539,810
540,607
552,123
571,018
584, 720
583, 306
594, 031
596, 350
599,406
600,159
591,419
587, 294
Total
618,501
621,145
634, 317
655,500
671,308
671,156
682,676
688,106
692,661
694,178
685, 940
682, 033
M onth
1935
January............... .
February.................
M arch...................
A pril........................
M a y . . ...................
June.........................
District
of
Columbia
95, 077
96, 203
98, 048
101, 381
102,971
103,885
Outside 1
District
Total
of
Columbia
589,329
595,050
597,801
609, 028
609, 573
614, 259
684,406
691, 253
695,849
710,409
712, 544
t 718,144
1 N ot including 1,398 employees transferred, but not reported b y department to which they were assigned.
37
Employment in the executive service in June was higher than in
any previous month of the current year and was also higher than in
any month of 1934
Data concerning employment and pay rolls for all branches of the
United States Government are given in table 17, by months, from
January 1934 to June 1935, inclusive.
Table 17.— Employment and Pay Rolls for the United States Government, by
Months, 1934 and 1935
Executive service
M onth
M ilitary service
Judicial
service
Legislative
service
Total
N um
ber of A mount
em
of pay roll
ploy-
N um
N um
Num
N um
ber of Amount ber of Amount ber of Amount ber of
em of pay em of pay roll em
em
ploy
roll
ployploy- of pay roll ployees 1
618, 501
621,145
634,317
655, 500
671,308
671,156
682, 676
688,106
692, 661
694,178
685,940
682,033
573,076
616,547
970,308
412,871
921,228
893, 610
545,995
879, 377
200,192
690,445
133,056
106, 775
253, 097
253, 599
254, 634
255, 211
254,982
255,227
256,350
256, 625
257,355
258,187
260,300
259,968
382, 945
365,135
240,513
454,878
397, 551
739,952
587,571
689,866
986,672
102,969
945, 771
125,003
684,406
691,253
695,849
710,409
712', 544
2 718,144
97,986,182
98,576, 618
100,629,425
106, 744,129
1-07,751,801
109,295,603
261,254
260,478
258,650
256,491
254,340
258,410!
20,362,067
20,102,126
19, 977, 791
19,898,971
21,462,144
21,364,278
Amount
of pay roll
1934
January___
February. __
M arch____
A pril______
M a y ______
J u n e ..........
J u ly ............
August____
Septem ber.
O ctober___
N ovem ber. _
D ecem ber..
1,780 $417,000
1,742 430,843
1,854 443, 505
1,904 432,401
1,913 442,896
1,881 439,170
1,750 434,736
V " 439,014
1, 777 486,410
1,846 453,217
1,885 451,653
446,130
i,r
4,777
4,784
4,799
4, 797
4,794
4,810
4,645
4,655
4,653
4,632
4,630
4, r ~
$966,193
1,020,803
1,022,808
1,020,924
1,035,106
1,039,198
1,073,348
1,072,406
1,070,956
1,070,290
1,070,881
1,057,!*“
878,155
881,270
895, 604
917,412
932,997
933,074
945,421
951,076
956,446
958,843
952, 755
948, 510
339,214
433,328
677,134
321,074
796,781
111, 930
641,650
663
744,230
316,921
601,361
735,904
462,895
452,717
454, 664
475,804
474, 736
449, 217
4, 722
4,735
4, 759
4, 1
4,877
4,871
1,077,401
1,080,1
1,086,807
1,153,325
1,160,191
1,154,868
952,212
958,278
961,1
973,589
973,640
2 983,279
119,888,545
120,212,147
122,148,687
128,272,229*
130,848,872
132,263,96G
1935
January.. . .
February. __
M arch_____
April______
M a y ______
June_______
1.830
1,812
1.831
1,859
1,879
1,854
1 Revised.
2 N ot including 1,398 employees transferred, but not reported by department to which they were assigned.
Construction Projects Financed by Public Works Administration
T h e number of workers employed at the site of Public Works
Administration construction projects in June1 totaled 414,306.
Compared with the previous month, this is an increase of slightly
less than 20,000. It is the first time since November 1934 that the
number of workers engaged in work of this kind has exceeded 400,000,
although in June 1934 the number exceeded 610,000.
Pay-roll disbursements for work at the site of construction projects
financed from funds of the Public Works Administration amounted
to $25,400,000 in June, as against $24,500,000 in May.
During the month orders were placed for materials valued at
over $41,800,000.
i Unless otherwise expressly stated, when June is referred to in this study it may be accepted as meaning
the month ending June 15.
38
Details concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
during June on construction projects, other than railroad shop w^ork,
financed by Public Works Administration funds are given in table
18, by type of project.
Table 18.— Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction Projects Financed
From Public-Works Funds, June 1935
[Subject to revision]
Wage <iarners
T yp e of project
M axi
mum
number
em
ployed 1
Weekly
average
Num ber of
Amount of
man-hours
pay rolls
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
Federal projects
A ll projects_______________________
Building construction............. ..........
Forestry__ ________________ . . .
N aval vessels_____________
....
P ublic roads s______________
___
Reclam ation______________________
River, harbor, and flood control___
Streets and roads__________________
Water and sewerage.................. .........
Miscellaneous____________ ________
2 290,847
16, 266
2,910
21,906
(4)
29, 723
26,612
7, 871
503
9, 066
280,812 $16,986,260
27,849,871
$0.610
$25,843,847
13, 584
2, 907
21, 202
175,990
28, 405
22, 781
7, 009
442
8, 492
1, 246, 330
212, 542
3,119, 792
13,945, 000
4, 317, 473
2,953,747
662, 424
42,001
1, 350, 562
.778
.715
.832
.509
.665
.697
.594
.710
.601
1, 656, 280
167,004
2, 440, 499
14, 520, 000
2, 684,143
3, 358, 983
360, 920
34, 061
621,957
969, 573
151,986
2, 596, 402
7,101,900
2,872,820
2,058, 538
393,516
29,400
812,125
Non-Federal projects
A ll projects...................
Building construction___
___
Railroad construction___
______
.Streets and roads__________________
Water and sewerage____ __________
M iscellaneous____________________
115,415
95,953
$7, 554,173
9, 778, 652
$0. 773
$15, 532, 968
50, 093
10, 664
17, 035
34,413
3, 210
41, 698
9, 049
13, 982
28, 507
2, 717
3, 566,936
780, 298
961, 245
2, 016, 900
228, 824
3,953,114
1, 258, 009
1, 453, 677
2, 798, 380
315, 472
.902
.620
.661
.721
.725
7, 501,645
1, 505,899
1, 309, 561
4, 672, 510
543, 353
1 M axim um number employed during any 1 week of the month b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
2 Includes weekly average for public roads.
3 Estimated b y the Bureau of Public Roads.
4 N ot available; average number included in total.
The number of workers engaged on Federal construction projects in
June was 25,000 greater than in May. Substantial gains were regis
tered in both road-building and reclamation work.
Average hourly earnings on Federal projects ranged from 51 cents
for road work to 83 cents for naval vessel construction.
Employment on non-Federal construction projects showed a slight
rise during June. A decrease of 2,000 in the number of wage earners
engaged in water and sewerage construction was more than counter
balanced by increase in all other types of construction. On no type of
work did the average hourly earnings fall below 60 cents. Workers on
building-construction projects averaged 90 cents an hour.
^ Federal construction projects are financed entirely by allotments
made by the Public Works Administration to the various depart
ments and agencies of the Federal Government. The work is per
39
formed either by commercial firms to which contracts have been
awarded or by day labor hired directly by the Federal agencies.
Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made by the Public
Works Administration to a State or political subdivision thereof, or
occasionally to commercial firms. In allotting funds to States and
their political subdivisions, the Public Works Administration make a
direct grant of not more than 30 percent of the total construction cost.
The recipient finances the remaining 70 percent. Sometimes this
balance is financed by borrowing from the Public Works Administra
tion. When the Public Works Administration makes a loan, interest
is charged and a time is specified during which the loan must be repaid
in full.
No grants are made to commercial firms, though loans are made.
For the most part, commercial allotments have been made to railroads.
Railroad work financed by Public Works Administration loans falls
under three headings: First, construction work such as electrification,
the laying of rails and ties, repairs to buildings, bridges, etc.; second,
the building and repairing of locomotives and passenger and freight
cars in shops owned by the railroads; third, the building of loco
motives and passenger and freight cars in commercial shops.
Information concerning the first type of railroad work, i. e., con
struction, is shown in table 18, page 38. Employment in car and loco
motive shops owned by the railroads and in commercial car and
locomotive shops is shown in a separate table. (See table 21, p. 41.)
Comparison by Geographic Divisions
Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked in June 1935 on
construction projects financed by the Public Works Administration
fund is shown in table 19, by geographic divisions. Railroad shop
work is not included.
40
Table 19.— Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction Projects Financed
From Public-Works Funds, June 1935
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Geographic division
M axi
m um
number
em
ployed 1
W eekly
average
of Average
Amount of Number
man-hours earnings
pay rolls
worked
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
Federal projects
.All divisions 2_._...............................
290,847
N ew England............... ................
M iddle Atlantic______________
East North Central____ _________
West North Central_____________
South A tlantic..
______________
East South Central........ ..................
W est South Central_______ ______
M ountain_______ ________________
Pacific_____ ____ ____________ . . .
Outside continental United States
16,129
34, 000
31,979
49,196
47, 225
35,811
25, 942
27, 725
17,088
4,914
280,812 $16,986, 260
15,742
33, 009
30, 657
47, 618
45, 739
34, 726
25, 296
26, 851
16, 060
4, 276
1,277,688
2, 228,135
1,844, 480
1,867,477
2,850, 720
2,030, 204
862, 899
2, 266, 556
1,460,841
247, 557
27,849,871
$0.610
3 $25,843,847
1, 926,049
3, 566,059
2, 794,407
3, 363,133
4, 923,874
3, 596,897
1,878, 284
3,371, 727
1,878, 790
464,330
.663
.625
.660
.555
.579
.564
.459
.672
.778
.533
908,434
1, 347,984
758, 948
1,121,808
1, 996,422
1, 065,134
255,150
1,668, 333
1,801, 756
382, 808
Non-Federal projects
All divisions........ .............. ............ ...
115,415
95,953
$7,554,173
9, 778,652
$0,773
$15, 532, 968
New England____________________
M iddle Atlantic__________________
East North Central________ ______
W est North Central_____________
South A tlantic____ _____________
East South Central______________
____
West South Central.-.
M ountain_____________ ______ ___
Pacific_________ __ _ ____________
Outside continental United States.
12, 711
25,896
17,145
14,192
17,861
4,854
9, 388
2, 830
9, 707
831
10, 719
21. 768
14,183
11,637
15, 202
4, 059
7, 483
2, 259
7,950
693
899,865
2,012,176
1,088,460
828, 652
1,189,042
237, 328
398, 650
173,974
687,839
38,187
1,182, 746
2,207, 764
1,359, 799
1,095, 704
1,827,984
386, 741
638,811
224, 071
794,804
60, 228
.761
.911
.800
.756
.650
.614
.624
.776
.865
.634
1, 768,117
4, 200,992
2, 979,145
2, 049,198
1, 257, 335
471, 795
1, 057, 288
533,437
1,160,472
55,189
1 M axim um number employed during any 1 week of the month b y each contractor and Governm ent
agency doing force-account work. Includes weekly average for public-road projects.
2 Includes data for 838 wage earners which cannot be charged to any specific geographic division.
3 Includes $14,520,000 estimated value of materia! orders placed for public-road projects which cannot be
•charged to any specific geographic division.
Increased employment during the month is shown in 6 of the 9
geographic divisions. Only a slight decrease was registered in each of
the other divisions Considering Federal and non-Federal projects as
a whole, more employees are shown in the South Atlantic than in any
other geographic division.
The highest earnings per hour on Federal projects are shown in
the Pacific States; on non-Federal projects, in the Middle Atlantic
States. The lowest hourly earnings on Federal construction are
recorded in the West South Central States; on non-Federal, in the
East South Central States.
Table 20 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
during June 1935 in railway car and locomotive shops on projects
financed from funds of the Public Works Administration, by geo
graphic divisions. In comparison with May, there was a decrease of
approximately 4,000 in the number of workers engaged in the con
struction and repair of locomotives and passenger and freight cars.
41
Table
20 .— Employment
and Pay Rolls in Railway Car and Locomotive Shops
on Work Financed From Public-Works Funds, June 1935
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Geographic division
Maximum
number *
employed
Total, railroad and commercial
shops. .................... ....................
8,044
Semi
monthly
average
Amount of Number of
man-hours
pay rolls
worked
$846,529
(2)
1,171,655
Average
earnings
per hour
$0. 723
Value of
material
orders
placed
(2)
.Railroad shops
All divisions_________ ____ ______
2,661
2,604
$190, 571
254,871
$0. 748
$456,827
New England............. . . . ............ .
M iddle Atlantic_________________
392
2,289
392
2, 212
38,738
151,833
52, 660
202, 211
. 736
.751
14,250
442, 577
Commercial shops
All divisions.. .
____________
N ew England________ ___________
Middle Atlantic_________________
East North Central_______ ______
West North Central_____________
5,383
(2)
$655,958
916,784
$0. 715
(2)
35
4,897
375
76
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
3, 436
610, 671
36,933
4,918
5, 626
849,536
53,270
8,352
.611
.719
.693
.589
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
> Maximum number employed during either sem im onthly period b y each shop.
2 Data not available.
Monthly Trend
E m p l o y m e n t , pay rolls, and man-hours worked at the site of
Public Works Administration construction projects since the inception
of the program in July 1933 to June 1935 is shown in table 21.
Table 21.— Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1933 to June 1935, Inclusive, on
Projects Financed From Public-Works Funds
[Subject to revision]
M onth and year
Maximum
number
of wage
earners 1
July 1933 to June 1935, inclusive________
Am ount
of pay
rolls
Number
of manhours
worked
$458,346,860
761,962, 441
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
$0.602 $879, 641,326
1933
July __________________________________
August................................................. .......
September___________ _________________
October_____________ ____ __________ ...
Novem ber__________ __________ ________
D e c e m b e r ..._________________________
267
4,719
39, 535
146, 747
255, 512
300, 758
26,433
131,937
1, 784,996
6,353, 835
11, 552, 547
13, 091, 587
35, 217
206, 990
3, 296,162
12, 029, 751
21, 759, 245
24,391, 546
. 751
.637
.542
.528
.531
.537
202,100
1,628, 537
2 23,351,150
24,568,577
25, 702,750
1934
January_______ ______ ____________ ____
February____________________________ M arch _. . . . ____ ________________ .
April
------------------- ----------------------M a y ____ __ _________ _____ ___________
June..
____________________________
J u l y . . . . ___ __________________ _____ _
298,069
311, 381
307,274
382, 220
506, 056
610, 752
644, 729
12, 646, 241
14, 348, 094
14,113, 247
18, 785,405
25,942, 387
33,808, 429
34,845, 461
23,409,908
26, 544,346
25, 501, 446
32,937, 649
46, 052, 698
59, 873, 309
60, 736, 768
.540
.541
.553
.570
.563
.565
.574
24, 206,352
25,269,537
3 69, 766, 559
3 68, 526, 223
3 50,468, 427
3 60, 797, 939
3 53, 377, 997
1 Maximum number em ployed during any 1 week of the month b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work. Includes weekly average for public road projects.
2 Includes orders placed for material for naval vessels prior to October 1933.
3 Includes orders placed b y railroads for new equipment.
42
Table 21.— Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1933 to June 1935, Inclusive, on
Projects Financed From Public-Works Funds— Continued
[Subject to revision]
Maximum
number
of wage
earners 1
M onth and year
Amount
of pay
rolls
Number
of manhours
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
1934
_______
August______ _______________
September____________________ _____
October____ _________________ _________
N ovem ber________ ____________ ______
Decem ber_______________ _____________
602,360
549, 624
507,886
470,467
382, 594
$35,126,409
31, 688,655
29,289, 216
28, 791, 297
22,443,944
59,911,341
51,652,890
46, 632, 214
46, 454,108
34,955,156 I
1935
January___________ ______ ____________
F ebruary.. . __________________________
M arch_________ _______________ _
A pril___ ______________ ______________
M a y _______________ __________________
June___________________________________
304, 723
272, 273
281, 461
333,045
394,875
414, 306
18, 462, 677
16, 896, 475
17, 400, 798
20, 939, 741
24, 490, 087
25,386,962
27,478,022
25,144, 558
26,008,063
31,387,712
36, 763,164 1
38,800,178
Value of
material
orders
placed
$0. 586 3$53, 282, 956
.613 3 50, 685, 634
.628 3 50, 234, 495
54, 228, 457
.620
.642 » 45, 683, 081
.672
.672
.669
*67
.667
.654
.
3 30, 746,857
29, 264, 484
27, 276, 566
31,645,166
3 36,893, 840
41,833,642
In the aggregate more than $458,000,000 has been paid to workers
employed at the site of Public Works Administration construction
projects since July 1933. The hourly earnings of these men averaged
60 cents. During the 24-month period the value of material orders
placed has amounted to almost $880,000,000.
Value of Material Orders Placed
T h e value of materials for which orders have been placed from
the beginning of the Public Works program to June 1935 is shown by
type of material in table 22.
Table 22.— Value of Material Orders Placed for Public-Works Projects, by Type
of Material and Industry Groups
[Subject to revision]
Value of material orders
placed—
T ype of material
All materials...................................... ............................................. .
Textiles and their products:
Awnings, tents, canvas, e t c .—______ __________________
Carpets and rugs______________________________________
Cordage and t w in e ..._________ ________________________
Cotton goods---------------------- ---------- ----------- ------------------Felt goods____ ________________________________________
Jute goods............... ..............................................................
Linoleum _______ ______________________________________
Sacks and bags________________________________________
Upholstering materials, not elsewhere classified.............. .
W aste_________________________________________________
Forest products:
Cork products___ _____________________________________
Creosote_______________________________________________
Lumber and timber products, not elsewhere classified.
Planing-mill products______________________ ____________
W indow and door screens and weatherstrip____________
From begin
During
ning of pro m onth ending
gram to M a y June 15,1935
15, 1935
17,807,684
$41,833,642
205,946
45, 965
240,919
96,478
169,827
60, 508
94, 542
21,946
122,663
25,471
1,132
2,094
6,061
6, 515
323
1,791
22,631
1,042
2, 494
62
99,477
538,882
39,791, 529
4,867,176
85,113
11,354
51
1,945,037
285, 368
1,710
43
Table
22 .— Value of Material Orders Placed for Public-Works Projects, by Type
of Material and Industry Groups— Continued
[Subject to revision]
Value of material orders
placed—
T yp e of material
Chemicals and allied products:
Ammunition and related products____ ______ _______________ _____ ___
Chemicals, miscellaneous_________ ___________________________ _______
Compressed and liquefied gases_____________________ ____ ____________
Explosives........................................................................... ........... ...................
Paints and varnishes...................................................................... ...................
Stone, clay, and glass products:
Asbestos products, not elsewhere classified........................................ ..........
Brick, hollow tile, and other clay products_______ ______________ _____
Cement......... .............. ............................ ............................................................
Concrete products...... .......................................................................................
Crushed stone................. ........._.................................... _....................... ..........
Glass................. .............................................. .....................................................
Lim e............................ ............ ___.............. ............................................... ........
Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products______________________
Minerals and earths, ground or otherwise treated_____________________
Sand and gravel............. .................................. ........................ ..........................
Tiling, floor and wall, and terrazzo_________ __________________________
W all plaster, wall board, insulating board, and floor composition______
Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery:
Bolts, nuts, washers, etc................. ..................................... ...........................
Cast iron pipe and fittings........................................ ........ ............................ .
Doors, shutters, and window sash and frames, molding and trim (metal).
Firearms________________________ _______________ _______________ _____
Forgings, iron and steel........................................ ............................... ............
Hardware, miscellaneous..... .................................. ........ .............................. .
Heating and ventilating equipment............... ........................ ..................... .
Naiis and spikes................................................................. ..................... .........
Rail fastenings, excluding spikes. ............... ...................... .......... .................
Rails, steel.......................................................................... ................................
Springs, steel....... ........ ............................ - ..................................... ................. .
Steel works and rolling mill products, not elsewhere classified...................... .
Stoves and ranges, other than electric....................... .................................
Structural and reinforcing steel....................... - .......... ............... ........ ..........
Switches, railway................................................................ .............................
Tools, other than machine tools................................................................... .
Wire products, not elsewhere classified.................. ............................ ..........
Wrought pipe................................... ..................................................................
Nonferrous metals and their products:
Aluminum manufactures........._................................................................ .
Copper products......... .................................................................... ..................
Lead p roducts,........... ............................................. .................... ...................
Nonferrous-metal alloys and products, not elsewhere classified................
Sheet-metal w ork .................................................. ............................................
Zinc products....... ................................................... ...........................................
Machinery, not including transportation equipment:
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.................................. .........
Elevators and elevator equipment.......... ............................................... .......
Engines, turbines, tractors, and waterwheels_______ _________ _______
Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified.................
Machine tools____________________ ______ ______ __________ ___________
Meters (gas, water, etc.) and gas generators................................................
Pumps and pumping equipment-—........... ............ .......................................
Refrigerators and refrigerating and ice-making apparatus......... ............. Transportation equipment, air, land, and water:
Aircraft (new )_._................................................................................... ...........
Airplane parts-------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------Boats, steel and wooden (sm all).______________________________________
Carriages and wagons--------- ----------------------------------------------------------------Locomotives, other than steam............................................- --------------------Locomotives, steam............................................. ..............................................
Motorcycles and parts.............................................. ........ ............ - ..................
M otor vehicles, passenger..................................... ........ .......... .......................
Motor vehicles, tru cks..---------------------- ------------------- ----------------------------Railway cars, freight..... .........................- ...........................- ------- ---------------Railway cars, mail and express________________________________________
Railway cars, passenger____________________________________________
From begin
During
ning of pro
gram to M a y month ending
June 15,1935
15, 1935
$829, 332
265,654
254,147
3, 569,022
1,916,127
$3,941
21,874
8,052
209,116
129,676
11,289,954
109,309,453
16, 575,906
30,872,446
770,308
176,710
13, 589,193
104,285
52,647, 398
1,920, 504
2, 348,225
1,254
854, 798
5,681,863
904,661
2,095,282
50,718
1,602
671,904
4,136
3, 272,120
142,137
169,791
2,577,346
16,431, 036
4,324,487
772,981
4,125, 600
4,338, 393
8, 272,055
859, 288
5,640,870
18,952,356
590,356
57,999,976
205, 394
65, 058,052
57o, 699
4, 295,230
4, 733, 269
925,806
'"172," 593
313, 561
973, 651
58,722
169,907
1,043,313
266
2,354,412
11,656
3,390,400
145,110
205,828
213,649
231,312
249,565
571,188
201,299
1,229,535
2,375, 783
54,943
5,534
16, 230
16,410
7,924
92.755
952
40,856,044
868,087
10,499,343
87, 279,195
5,157,568
350, 066
9,856,187
625,988
1,415,207
76,548
973, 673
5,286,595
206,580
177,140
791,965
32,140
5, 755, 768
5, 081,370
1, 291,168
29,851
11,813, 333
6,837,064
274,395
489,925
8,625,811
35, 581, 924
429,443
8,893,300
153, 362
948,159
345,135
4,390
710
532
9,362
114, 002
44
Table
22 .—Value of Material Orders Placed for Public-Works Projects, by Type
of material and Industry Groups—Continued
[Subject to revisionl
Value of material orders
placed—
T ype of material
Miscellaneous:
Belting, miscellaneous__________________________ __ ____________________
Coal
__ ____________________________________________________________
_____________________________
Electric wiring and fixtures_____ ______
Furniture, including store and office fixtures___________________________
Instruments, professional and scientific________ ________________________
Mattresses and bed springs________________ __________________________
M odels and patterns___________________________________________________
Papei products________________________________________ ________________
Paving materials and mixtures, not elsewhere classified________________
Petroleum products____________________________________________________
Photogiaphic apparatus and materials________________________________
Plum bing supplies, not elsewhere classified______________
_________
Radio apparatus and supplies______________________ __________________
Roofing materials, not elsewhere classified____________ ____ ___________
R ubber goods___ _________________________ _____ _________ __________
Steam and other packing, pipe and boiler covering, and gaskets________
Theatrical scenery and stage equipment- __________ __________________
W indow shades and fixtures___________________________________ _____ _
Other materials
___ ____________ ________________________________
From begin
During
ning of pro m onth ending
gram to M a y June 15, 1935
15,1935
$31,321
1,383,647
5,019,443
2,066, 519
1,702, 231
33,183
20,409
52, 065
12,952,358
25,128, 057
159,400
8, 369,311
726,116
2,700,502
399, 046
797, 720
41,370
86, 686
36,709,988
$111
67,950
585,963
137,899
15,369
15,925
74&
1,939
843,104
1, 687,941
24,175
490, 622’
409
150,132*
18,366
39,358
1, 289
2,3651,279,704
Since the beginning of this construction program manufacturers
have benefited to the extent of nearly $880,000,000 by orders placed
for construction materials. The fabrication of these materials has
created employment in mines, factories, and work shops throughout all
sections of the United States. Total orders for iron and steel and their
products, excluding machinery, have amounted to more than $211,000,000. Machinery products valued at $165,000,000 have been
purchased. Orders placed for lumber and timber products have
amounted to $42,000,000. More than $115,000,000 has been spent
for cement.
Approximately 2,880,000 man-months of labor have been created
in the final fabrication of materials for which orders have been placed
since the beginning of the public-works program. Final fabrication
of the materials for which orders were placed during elune will require
approximately 135,000 man-months of labor. This accounts only
for labor required in the fabrication of the material in the form on
which it is to be used. For example, in connection with the fabrication
of steel rails only labor in the rolling mills is counted— not labor created
in mining, smelting, and transporting the ore, nor labor in the blast
furnaces, the open-hearth furnaces, nor the blooming mills.
In obtaining information concerning man-months of labor required
to fabricate materials, blanks are sent to each firm receiving a material
order from the United States Government or from State governments
or political subdivisions thereof, to be financed from the public-works
fund, asking them to estimate the number of man-hours of labor
created in their plant to manufacture the material specified by their
45
contract. For materials purchased directly by contractors, the
Bureau estimates the man-months of labor created. This estimate is
made by using the experience of the manufacturing plants as shown
by the Census of Manufactures, 1933.
Emergency^Work Program
I t is estimated that there were approximately 2 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 people
employed on the emergency-work program of the Federal Emergency
Relief Administration during June. Fewer workers were employed on
the emergency-work in June than in any month since October 1934.
The monthly figures shown in table 23 are larger than employment in
any given week during the month. Because of the fact that a limit is
placed on the earnings of employees, not more than 70 percent of the
total are working at any given time.
Table 23.— Employment and Pay Rolls for Workers on Emergency-Work
Program, March 1934 to June 1935
M onth
1934
M arch__________________
A pril......... ............ ..............
M a y ____ _____ __________
June___ ________________
J u lv __________ ________
A ugu st.. ______ ________
September_____________
October----------- --- ---------N ovem ber.. ___________
December__________ _____
N um ber of
employees
A m aunt of
pay roll
22,934
1,176,818
1, 362, 764
1, 504, 908
1, 725, 517
1,924,173
1, 950, 227
1,996, 716
2,159,14.5
2, 325, 753
$842,000
38, 970, 679
42,711, 283
42, 419, 720
47, 367, 349
54,921,432
50, 290,050
53, 904, 948
62, 849, 772
$62, 369, 648
M onth
1935
January_______ _______ __
February_______ _______
M arch__________________
April......... .
--_
M a y __________ _______
June 1____ ______________
N um ber of Am ount of
pay roll
employees
2,472,091
2, 459, 717
2,401, 581
2,308,839
2, 228,064
2,021,060
71,685, 663
63, 906, 282
62, 596, 378
62, 343, 804
64, 559, 740
54, 260,054
1 Preliminary.
During the week ending June 27 there were 1,494,000 workers
employed on the emergency-work program of the Federal Emergency
Relief Administration. This is an increase of about 64,000 in com
parison with the number working during the week ending May 30.
Disbursements for pay rolls increased $1,400,000 during the interval.
The number of employees and the amounts of pay rolls for the
emergency-work program for the weeks ending May 30 and June 27
are shown in table 24.
46
Table 24.—Employment and Pay Rolls for Workers on Emergency-Work
Program, Weeks Ending May 30 and June 27
[Subject to revision]
N um ber of employees week
ending—
Am ount of pay roll week
ending—
Geographic division
June 27
M a y 30
June 27
M a y 30
A ll divisions......................................- ........ ...........
Percentage change
_ __
1,494,319
+4. 45
1,430,684
$14,183,456
+11. 40
$12,731, 631
New England___________ _____ _____
- ...... M iddle Atlantic............. .........................................
East North C entral...............................
.......
W est North Central.................................... ..........
South Atlantic................. ................... ....................
East South Central_____________ _____________
W est South Central............. ................... ..............
M ountain_____________________ _________
Pacific___________________________ ____________
153,903
182.419
218,881
212, 261
223, 633
144,310
176, 725
49, 476
127, 711
151, 660
203,000
176, 340
224,155
198, 373
133,199
167, 954
43, 049
132, 957
1, 998, 519
3, 243, 787
2,134, 345
1, 646, 999
1, 197, 114
729,386
1,093, 276
497, 431
1,642, 599
1, 730,151
3, 208,898
1, 601,197
1, 569, 313
1,022, 754
648, 210
949, 381
402, 738
1, 598, 989
The increases in employment during the month interval were shared
by six of the geographic divisions. Disbursements for pay rolls,
however, increased in all nine divisions.
Emergency Conservation Work
D u r in g June there was a gain of more than 42,000 in the number
of workers employed on emergency conservation work. There were
over 427,500 men employed on this program during the month. This
is a larger enrollment than at any time since the program began.
June pay rolls totaled $19,760,000, an increase of 11 percent compared
with May. Enrolled workers received nearly $11,500,000 of this
amount. In addition to their pay, the enrolled men received free
board, clothing, and medical attention.
Employment and pay-roll statistics for each of the major groups
of workers engaged in emergency conservation work for May and
June 1935 are given in table 25.
Table 25.— Employment and Pay Rolls in Emergency Conservation Work,
May 1935 and June 1935
Num ber of employees
Amount of pay rolls
Group
June
M ay
June
M ay
A ll g r o u p s _______________________ ____________
427,512
385,192
$19, 762,160
$17, 719,018
Enrolled personnel---------- -------------------------------Reserve officers___________________________ ...
Educational advisers 1________________________
Supervisory and technical2...................... ............
367,430
10, 005
1,413
3 48, 664
335,606
9,054
1,428
* 39,104
11,474,839
2, 511,028
236,402
3 5, 539,891
10,480,938
2, 269, 625
237, 349
« 4, 731,106
1 Included in executive service table.
2 Includes carpenters, electricians, and laborers.
3 Thirty-six thousand nine hundred and ninety-four employees and pay roll of $4,703,553 included in
executive service table.
* Thirty-four thousand nine hundred and sixty-three employees and pay roll of $4,408,840 included in
executive service table.
47
Statistics of employment and pay rolls for Emergency Conservation
work are collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War
Department, Department of Agriculture, Treasury Department, and
the Department of the Interior. Five percent of the enrolled per
sonnel are paid $45 per month; 8 percent, $36 per month; and the
remaining 87 percent, $30 per month.
The number of employees and the amounts of pay rolls for each
month, January 1934 to June 1935, inclusive, are shown in table 26.
Table 26.— Monthly Totals of Employees and Pay Rolls in Emergency Conser
vation Work, January 1934 to June 1935
M onth
1934
January________ ____ ____
February_______________
M a r c h _______ _________
A pril____________________
M a y __ __ _____________
June____________________
July_____________________
August--------------------------September______________
October...............................
N ovem ber. .......................
December--------------------
Number of
employees
Am ount of
pay roll
331,594
321,829
247, 591
314, 664
335,871
280, 271
389,104
385,340
335, 788
391,894
387, 329
350, 028
$13, 581, 506
13,081,393
10, 792, 618
13,197, 012
14, 047,826
12, 641, 571
16, 033, 071
16, 364,048
15, 023,183
16, 939,922
16, 622,374
$15,415,071
Month
1935
January____________ ____
February ...................... .
March _________________
April___________________
M a y ........ ............ ............ .
June_______________ ____
Number of Amount of
employees
pay roll
398,692
373,850
294,955
368, 537
385,192
427,512
$16, 757,883
16,320,803
14,188,097
16, 401,114
17, 719,018
19, 762,160
Both employment and pay-roll figures were higher in June than in
any month since the inception of the emergency conservation program.
State Road Projects
T h e number of workers employed on State road construction and
maintenance during June totaled 169,076, an increase of more than
5,600 in comparison with the preceding month. The principal factor
contributing to this rise was the substantial gain of 10.4 percent in the
number of Workers engaged in the construction of new roads. A
small increase of 2 percent, however, was reported in the number of
workers employed on State road maintenance.
Table 27 shows the number of workers employed in building and
maintaining State roads and the pay rolls of these employees in May
and June 1935, by geographic divisions.
48
Table 27.—Employment on Construction and Maintenance of State Roads by
Geographic Division, May and June 1935 1
New roads
Geographic division
Number of
employees
June
All divisions____________
Percentage change______
30.823
+10.4
New England___________
M iddle A tlantic------------East North Central-------West North Central
South Atlantic__________
East South Central. __ _
W est South Central____
M ountain______________
Pacific_________ ______
O u tsid e
con tin e n ta l
United States_________
4,055
2,421
6, 522
3,402
7, 552
1,668
1,672
1, 475
2, 056
Maintenance
Amount of pay roll
M ay
June
M ay
Num ber of
employees
June,
A m ount of pay roll
M ay
June
M ay
27,924 $1,222,211 $1,031,085 138, 253 135, 541 $5, 857, 582 $4,977, 263
+18.5
+ 2 .0
+ 17.7
2, 006
2,117
5,316
3,182
7, 957
1, 948
1,116
2,274
2, 008
$154, 416
171, 504
305, 266
95, 431
141, 445
62, 797
57, 744
74, 302
159, 306
109, 966
136,150
208, 058
99, 519
149,379
56,972
41, 097
100, 300
129,644
13, 056
31, 642
17, 630
14, 219
29, 243
8. 598
12, 256
5, 702
5, 744
9,009
42, 159
17, 297
13, L47
25, 820
6, 784
10, 155
5, 295
5, 680
$615,172
1, 235,226
882, 445
544, 758
965,133
284,985
471, 540
401, 828
442,942
472,917
1,074, 012
662, 037
467, 537
810,153
239, 767
454, 782
358,166
421,853
163
195
13, 553
16, 039
1 Excluding employment furnished by projects financed from Public W orks fund.
The number of employees engaged in building new roads increased
in 6 of the 9 geographic divisions. Eight of the 9 divisions showed
increases in the number of workers employed in maintaining existing
roads.
Total pay-roll disbursements to workers engaged in building and
maintaining State roads during June amounted to more than
$7,000,000.
The number of employees working in building and maintaining
State roads during the period, January 1934 to June 1935, inclusive,
is given in table 28.
Table 28.— Employment on Construction and Maintenance of State Roads
January 1934 to June 1935 1
Number of employees working on—
Total pay
roll
M onth
N ew roads
Maintenance
Total
1934
January_________________ ___________________
February________________
_____ ______
M arch....... ....................... .......... ..... .......................
A pril____________________________ _____________
M a y _________________________________________
June-------------------------------------- ------- -----------------______
July___________ _______ ____
August___________________
___________
September------------------ -----------------------------------October---------- ------ ------------------------- ------------N ovem ber___________ ________ ___________ —
Decem ber____ ______________ ________________
25,345
22,311
19, 985
21, 510
27,161
37,642
45,478
53,540
61,865
71,008
66,106
41,919
136,440
126,904
132,144
136, 038
167,274
170,879
168,428
180,270
188,323
169,235
159, 451
134,680
161, 785
149,215
152,129
157,548
194,435
208, 521
213,906
233,810
250,188
240, 243
225,457
176, 599
$8,684,109
7,131,604
7,989,765
8,407,644
10, 275, 139
11,221,299
11, 255,685
12,435,163
13,012,305
12,439, 738
11,919,683
6, 756,087
1935
January_______________________________ __ ____
February----------- ------------- ---------- --------------------M arch_______________________________________
A p r i l . ______ _______________________________
M a y _________________________________________
June_________________________________________
23, 537
17, 940
18,391
24,193
27, 924
30,823
120, 283
122, 209
108,149
135,484
135, 541
138,253
143,820
140,149
126, 540
159,677
163,465
169,076
4,864,899
4, 575,171
4,896, 325
5, 501, 076
6,008,348
7,079, 793
1 Excluding employment furnished by projects financed from Public Works fund.
49
Reconstruction Finance Corporation Construction Projects
M o r e workers were employed at the site of Reconstruction Finance
Corporation construction projects in June than in any of the previous
months of 1935. The total number employed during the month was
11,901, as against 10,506 in May. Their earnings during the month
amounted to nearly $1,200,000. These are public projects for which
loans were approved prior to the creation of the PWA.
Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction
projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation during
June are given in table 29, by type of project.
Table 29.— Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruc
tion Finance Corporation, by Type of Project, June 1935
[Subject to revision]
Number
of wage
earners
Type of project
Amount of
pay rolls
Number of
man-hours
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
_________ -
11,901
$1,191,336
1,592, 744
$0. 748
$3, 998, 576
Bridges _____ ______
___ __
__________
^Building construction_______ ___ _________
Railroad construction-. __ _ ____________
_____________
Reclamation. ____ _______
Water and sewerage .. __________ _______
Miscellaneous____ .
_______ ______ ______
2,691
307
100
635
6, 799
1, 369
247,741
17,474
3, 230
19, 531
743, 592
159, 768
286,149
18,155
6,184
38, 239
1,006, 557
237,460
.866
.962
. 522
. 511
.739
.673
2,995,173
15,979
136
8, 519
924, 973
53, 796
A ll projects________________ __
Compared with the previous month, the most substantial gain in
employment in June is shown in the building of water and sewerage
systems. There was also a slight increase in the employment in
bridge building and miscellaneous construction projects.
Earnings during June averaged nearly 75 cents per hour. Building-construction workers were paid 96 cents per hour, and the workers
on reclamation projects received 51 cents per hour.
The number of employees, amounts of pay rolls, and man-hours
worked on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation during June are shown in table 30, by geographic
divisions.
Table 39.— Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruc
tion Finance Corporttion, by Geographic Divisions, June 1935
[Subject to revision]
Geographic division
Number
of wage
earners
Amount of Number of
man-hours
pay rolls
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
A ll divisions____________________________
11,901
$1,191,336
1,592, 744
$0. 748
$3,998, 576
M iddle A tlantic___ _____________________
East North Central______________________
East South Central_______________ _______
W est South Central......................... .........
M ountain_______________________________
Pacific_____ ______________ __________ . . .
608
334
80
88
635
10,156
40, 579
39,813
1,154
11,951
19,531
1,078, 308
49,439
35,188
1,912
12,496
38, 239
1, 455,470
.821
1.131
. 604
.956
. 511
.741
92,910
66,042
11
2, 529, 217
8, 519
1, 301, 877
50
The water and sewerage projects on which there was a large gain
in employment during the month are located in California, This
accounts for the gain of nearly 2,000 in employment in the Pacific
States. Of the 12,000 workers employed on Reconstruction Finance
Corporation construction projects, more than 10,000 are working in
the three Pacific States.
Details concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation are given in table 31 for the months April 1934 to June
1935, inclusive.
Table 31.— Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Recon
struction Finance Corporation, April 1934 to June 1935
[Subject to revision]
M onth
Number
of wage
earners
July................. ........................................... — A ugust____________________ _____________
September___________ _____________ _____
October_____ ________________ ________
N ovem ber__________ ____ ________
December _______________ ________ ___
1935
January----------------------------------------- ------February____ ___________________________
M arch___________________________________
A pril------------------- ------------------------------June-------------------------- ------------------------------
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
$20, 639, 520
28,584,809
$0.722
$40, 540,524
18, 731
19, 429
19,022
17, 475
17, 221
16,809
17, 482
16, 502
14, 321
1, 516, 915
1, 649, 920
1, 676,075
1, 612, 848
1, 697,161
1, 637,047
1, 596. 996
1, 621,468
1, 337, 719
2,308, 580
2, 358, 966
2, 314,136
2,141, 945
2, 282,181
2, 203, 881
2,181, 846
2, 233, 928
1, 859, 226
.657
.699
.724
.753
.744
.743
.732
.720
. 720
2,357,408
2,143,864
2, 230,065
2,402,174
2,384, 887
2, 579, 969
2, 274,174
2,856, 371
2, 440, 620
11,180
10, 373
9, 586
10, 300
10. 506
11,901
1,054, 708
1,048, 593
890, 333
1,007, 424
1,100, 977
1,191,336
1,484,190
1, 457, 662
1, 253, 493
1, 389,072
1, 522, 959
1, 592, 744
.711
.719
.710
.725
.723
.748
3, 966, 718
5,028, 547
1,072,886
2, 517,175
2, 287,090
3,998, 576
April 1934 to June 1935, inclusive.................
1934
A p ril_________________ ______- ------- ----------
Number of
A mount of
pay rolls man-hours
worked
Both the number of workers and the monthly disbursements for
pay rolls were higher in June than in any previous month of the
current year. The level of employment in 1935 on projects financed
by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, however, is below that
of 1934, as these projects are being brought to completion.
The value of materials for which orders have been placed by con
tractors working on Reconstruction Finance Corporation construction
projects since March 15, 1934, the earliest date for which figures are
available, is shown in table 32, by type of material.
51
Table 32*— Value of Material Orders Placed for Projects Financed by the
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, by Type of Material
Value of material orders
placed—
T yp e of material
A ll material_______ ___________________________ ____________________________
Textiles and their products:
Cordage and twine_____________________________________________________
Cotton goods_______ __________ ________________________ ______________
Felt g o o d s ..-.... ....... ................. _ ..................................... ................................
Forest products:
Cork products_________________________________________ _________ _____
Lumber and timber products, not elsewhere classified_____ ____________
Chemicals and allied products:
Compressed and liquefied gases________________________________________
E xp losiv es-___________________________________________________________
Paints and varnishes__________________________________________________
Stone, clay, and glass products:
Brick, hollow tile, and other clay products, not elsewhere classified.........
Cement_______________________________________________________________
Concrete products_____________________________________________________
Crushed stone. _ ______________________________________________________
Glass _________________________________________________________________
Lime . ___________________________________________________________ _
Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products__________________
Sand and gravel______ ________________________________________________
Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery:
Bolts, nuts, washers, etc ______________________ ______________________
Cast-iron pipe and fittings_________________ ____ _______________ ______
Forgings, iron and steel_______________________________________________
Hardware, miscellaneous______________________________________________
Heating and ventilating equipment____________________________________
Rails, steel.._ _______________________________________ _________________
Steel-works and rolling-mill products, not elsewhere classified____ _____
Structural and reinforcing steel.......................................................................
Tools, other than machine. ______________ - ___ - ___ _______ _ _ .
Wire and w're-work, not elsewhere classified___________________________
Nonferrous metals and their products:
Copper products . . ______________________________ ___________ ___ ___
Lead products____ ____________________________________________________
Sheet-metal w o r k ___ _____________________________________ ____ ______
Machinery, not including transportation equipment:
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies__ - _____________________
Elevators and elevator equipm en t-. ____________ .____________________
Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified__________
Machine tools. . ______________________________________________________
Pumps and pumping equipm ent.__ ___________________________________
Transportation equipment, air, land, and water:
M otor vehicles. - _____ _____________________________________________
Miscellaneous:
C o a l __ _______________________________________________________________
Ele trie wiring and fixtures____________________________________________
Furniture, including store and office fixtures_____ ____ ________________
Paving materials and mixtures, not elsewhere classified________________
Petroleum produc s____________________________________________________
Plumbing supplies, not elsewhere classified____________________________
Roofing materials, not elsewhere classified ._ _________________________
Rubber goods__________________________________________________________
Steam and other packing, pipe, and boiler covering, and gaskets_______
Other materials________________________________________________________
From Mar.
15, 1934, to
M a y 15,
1935
During pe
riod M ay 15
to June 15,
1935
$36,541,948
$3,998,576
6,819
59,016
4,447
6,240
1,370, 794
2,500
62,782
57,785
1,098, 938
30,060
5, 293
51, 243
354,496
1, 820, 303
1, 693, 594
42, 607
3,157
8,850
115, 811
475, 255
7,441
325, 992
50, 415
2, 261
9,115
415,458
661, 742
71,084
39,022
19,426,066
91,781
273,101
1,958, 247
15, 272
4,234
13,825
1, 502
57,129
4,293
418, 351
2, 578, 590
3,493
2,488
11,215
1,021
81, 538
1,008,152
2,859, 332
12,844
26,869
2,421
175, 356
1,968
25, 231
134,064
52, 689
22,393
1,780
31,453
513, 354 ............. 40,''246
241, 761
1, 341
4, 516
45, 531
6,953
67,437
1,401, 729
68,438
From this table it will be seen that during the 15-month period
materials valued at more than $36,500,000 have been purchased by
contractors working on projects financed by the Reconstruction Fi
nance Corporation. During the period, nearly $20,000,000 have
been spent for steel-works and rolling-mill products; nearly $3,000,000
for foundry and machine-shop products; and nearly $2,000,000 for
cement and for copper products.
52
Construction Projects Financed From Regular Governmental
Appropriations
A l t h o u g h the great bulk of the Federal Government’s construc
tion activity is financed from Public Works Administration funds,
construction of a routine nature is financed by appropriations made
by Congress direct to the several executive departments and agencies.
In June, 26,191 workers were employed on projects of this kind, which,
in comparison with May, is an increase of more than 3,000 workers.
Disbursements for pay rolls during the month totaled more than
$1,900,000, a gain of about $305,000 compared with May.
Whenever a construction contract is awarded or force-account
work is started by a department or unit of the Federal Government,
the Bureau of Labor Statistics is immediately notified of the name and
address of the contractor, the amount of the contract, and the type
of work to be done. Schedules are then mailed to the contractor or to
the Government agency doing force-account work requesting infor
mation concerning the number of men on the pay roll, the amount
disbursed for pay, the number of man-hours worked on the job, and
the value of the different types of materials for which orders have
been placed during the month.
Statistics showing employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
in June on construction projects financed by direct appropriations
to the various Federal departments and agencies are given in table 33 .
Details are shown for each of the several kinds of construction
projects financed by direct appropriations.
Table 33.— Employment on Construction Projects Financed from Regular
Governmental Appropriations, by Type of Project, June 1935
[Subject to revision]
Wage (earners
T ype of project
All projects____ ______
_______________
Building con struction... ______________
N aval vessels__________________________
Public roads 3__________________________
Reclam ation__________ ________________
River, harbor, and flood control-----------Streets and roads_______________________
W ater and sewerage.. _________________
Miscellaneous. ____
. .
_______ -
M axi
mum
number
em
ployed 1
2 26,191
7,597
5,015
(4)
147
5,898
1, 502
90
1,154
W eekly
average
Amount
of
pay rolls
Number
of manhours
worked
23,392 $1,904,454 2,842,470
6,085
4,780
4,788
115
5,350
1,260
72
942
433,271
575,931
337, 533
6, 568
438, 254
58,938
5,910
48,049
587,181
659,052
515, 735
9,220
856,157
120,058
8,274
86, 793
Average
earnings,
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
$0. 670 $2,980,270
.739
.874
.654
.712
.512
.491
.714
.554
572,612
1,253,426
690,094
11,308
323,498
58,970
2,087
48,275
1 Maxim um number employed during any 1 week of the m onth b y each contractor and Governm ent
agency doing force-account work.
2 Includes weekly average for public roads.
3 Estimated b y Bureau of Public Roads.
4 N ot available; average number included in total.
53
In June, increases in employment were reported in building con
struction; building of naval vessels; reclamation projects; river,
harbor, and flood-control work; and road building. Hourly earnings
during the month averaged 67 cents, compared with 67% cents in
May. The highest hourly earnings are shown in the construction
of naval vessels. For this class of work hourly earnings in June
averaged 87 cents.
The share of the different sections of the country in the employ
ment created by construction projects financed by regular govern
mental appropriations is indicated by table 34.
Table 34.— Employment on Construction Projects Financed from Regular
Governmental Appropriations by Geographic Division
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Geographic division
Amount
of pay
rolls
Number
of manhours
worked
Average
earn
ings per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
23,392 $1,904,454
2,842,470
$0. 670
2 $2,960, 270
241,977
356,983
175, 331
151,954
707, 667
209,828
421, 307
248, 751
270,911
57, 761
.814
.855
.681
.562
.699
.491
.492
.677
.716
.520
198,223
693,347
81,116
133,441
682, 271
123,617
137,940
21,756
192,455
6,016
Maximum W eekly
number
average
employed
All divisions_____ ___________________ _
i 26,191
N ew England________________ _______
M iddle A tlantic_______________________
East North Central___________________
West North Central__________________
South Atlantic___________________ ____
East South Central___________________
W est South Central......... .............. ..........
M ountain.......... ............... ........................
Pacific_________ _ ______
_ ______
Outside continental United States_____
2, 220
3,285
2,090
1,772
6, 262
1,794
3, 528
2,458
2,371
411
2,054
2,940
1,772
1,545
5,549
1,525
2,968
2,378
2,297
364
196,898
305, 255
119, 344
85,474
494,917
103,087
207,180
168, 323
193,913
30,063
1 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
2 Includes $690,094 estimated value of orders placed for public-roads projects which cannot be charged to
any specific geographic division.
In all sections of the country, with the exception of the East North
Central and the West North Central Divisions, employment on con
struction projects financed from regular governmental appropriations
in June was greater than in May. Average hourly earnings in June
were highest in the New England and the Middle Atlantic States
and lowest in the East South Central and the West South Central
States.
The monthly trend of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked on construction projects financed from regular governmental
appropriations from August 1934 to June 1935, inclusive, is shown in
table 35.
54
Table 35.—Employment on Construction Projects Financed from Regular
Governmental Appropriations, August 1934 to June 1935
[Subject to revision]
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
M onth
Num ber of Am ount of N um ber of
man-hours
wage
pay rolls
worked
earners
August 1934 to June 1935, inclusive.............
$10, 506,632
16,526,056
$0. 636
$23,339,674
5,601
9,800
13,593
18,211
16,276
329,440
493,363
689,604
1,014,945
859,998
557, 747
773,685
1,103, 523
1, 690,488
1, 468, 741
.591
.638
.625
.600
.586
150,506
842,292
982,835
3, 334, 648
1, 966, 441
12, 784
13,106
14, 659
22, 270
23, 057
26,191
669,199
704,190
862,886
1,389, 583
1, 599,937
1,904,454
1,062,118
1,102,884
1, 359,043
2, 210,893
2, 370,925
2, 842, 470
.630
.639
.635
.629
.675
.670
3,163,946
1,962,087
2,709,912
2,562, 404
2, 704, 333
2, 960, 270
1934
August..................... ........... .............................
September-------------- -------------- -----------------October........... - .............................. ..................
N ovem ber............................................... - . —
Decem ber.................................................. .......
1935
January..........................................................
February................. ................... .....................
M arch________ __________________ ______
April____ ______________________ _________
June.............................................. ....................
Over the 11-month period for which this information has been
collected disbursements for pay rolls on construction projects financed
from regular governmental appropriations has amounted to more than
$10,500,000. More than 16,500,000 man-hours of work have been
provided and hourly earnings have averaged nearly 64 cents.
The value of materials for which orders have been placed for use on
construction projects financed from direct governmental appropria
tions during the period, July 1, 1934, to June 15, 1935, is shown in
table 36, by kind of material. In the aggregate orders have been
placed for materials valued at more than $23,000,000 during the
period. Manufacturing concerns over the entire United States have
benefited by these orders. Steel firms have received orders valued
at more than $8,000,000, cement orders have totaled more than
$1,000,000, and orders for lumber and timber products have amounted
to nearly $1,400,000.
Table 36.— Value of Material Orders Placed for Use on Construction Projects
Financed from Regular Governmental Appropriations, by Type of Material
and Industry Groups
[Subject to revision]
Value of material orders
placed
T yp e of material
From July 1, During period
1934, to M a y
M a y 15 to
15, 1935
June 15,1935
A ll materials______ ________________ __________________________________ _____
Textiles and their products:
Cordage and twine_____________________________________________ ________
Cotton goods_____________________ __________________ __________________
Linoleum ______________________________________ ________________________
Forest products:
Lum ber and timber products, not elsewhere classified__________________
.....................................................................
.......^ ...........
Planing-mill
products
$20, 379, 404
$2,960,270
9, 582
1,503
1,618
1,113,829
98, 672
121,778
20,560
55
Table 36.— Value of Material Orders Placed for Use on Construction Projects
Financed from Regular Governmental Appropriations, by Type of Material
and Industry Groups— Continued
[Subject to revision]
Value of material orders
placed
T yp e of material
From July 1, During period
1934, to M ay
M a y 15 to
June 15,1935
15, 1935
Chemicals and allied products:
Chemicals, miscellaneous................... ............ ....................................................
Explosives___ ______________ _____ _____________ ________ _____________
Paints and varnishes........................... .......................................................... .
Stone, clay, and glass products:
Brick, hollow tile, and other clay products, not elsewhere classified
Cement and lime ..... ................ .
....... ,
.... ...................... ...
Concrete products____________________ ______ ___________ _____________
Crushed stone___________ _________ ___________________ _________ _____
Glass_______________ _____ _____________ _______ _____________ _____ ___
Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products................................... .......
Sand and gravel..................................... .......... ....................................................
Tiling, floor and wall, and terra/,7,0................ .
W all plaster, wall board, insulating board, and floor composition.............
Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery:
Bolts, nuts, washers, etc................... .................................................................
Cast-iron pipe and fittings........................................................................ .........
Doors, shutters, and window sash and frames, molding and trim (m etal).
Forgings, iron and s te e l--................................................. ............................ .
Hardware, miscellaneous. . ........... ................ ................... ................................
Heating and ventilating equipm ent...................................... ............ ............
N ails and spikes...... ................ .............. ................... .....
................. .......
Rails, steel_____________________________ _____________ ______ _________
Steel works, and rolling-mill products, not elsewhere classified_________
Structural and reinforcing steel____ _______________________ ___________
Tools, other than machine tools......... .......... ... ...............................................
Wire, and wirework products, not elsewhere classified ............................
Nonferrous metals and their products:
Aluminum manufactures.......... ... ............................... ........ ............................
Copper products________________ ________ __________ ___________ ______
Nonferrous-metal alloys and products, not elsewhere classified.................
Sheet-metal w o r k ........................................ ...................... ...............................
Machinery, not including transportation equipment:
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies................. .......... ..................
Elevators, and elevator equipment___________________________ ______ __
Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels._ _______________________
Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified__________
Machine tools_______ ____ ____________________________________________
Pumps and pumping equipment_______________________________________
Refrigerators and refrigerating and ice-making apparatus_______________
Transportation equipment, air, land, and water:
M otor vehicles, passenger and t r u c k s _______________________________
Miscellaneous:
Coal
_________ _ _____
____ ______________________________
Electric wiring and fixtures ______ _ _________________________________
Furniture, including store and office fixtures
__ ____________________
Paving materials and mixtures, not elsewhere classified________________
Petroleum products____ _____________ _________________________________
Photographic apparatus and materials
_____________________________
Plumbing supplies, not elsewhere classified __ __ ___________________
Roofing materials, not elsewhere classified______________ ______________
Rubber goods
.
__
__ __ ____________________
Steam and other packing, pipe and boiler covering, and gaskets______
Other materials________________________________________________________
$30,486
146,213
$1,939
7,074
14,423
181,588
838,900
128, 713
233,938
17,870
365,489
467,104
17,165
78,460
52,718
271,283
23,835
84,353
1,714
39,486
166,601
8,324
17,360
45,394
74,195
181,793
450,911
129, 781
292,479
18, 518
7, 214
2,154,197
3,943,902
36,144
165,537
7,948
22,663
55,066
41,262
13,884
73,608
1,836
2,051
396, 111
267,618
13,328
13,861
100, 790
2,826
1,666
9,381
2,774
1, 306, 537
118,580
2, 619,120
1,768,618
27,665
671,438
39,245
98,136
2,576
280, 111
382,780
3,047
28,237
1,474
80,825
9,838
1,001
204,975
233, 557
19,483
38,316
2,493
38,546
152,205
3,574
34,755
12,958
119,337
716,421
202,041
105,185
1, 231
825,927
5,099
95,027
Wage-Rate Changes in American Industry
Manufacturing Industries
I n f o r m a t io n concerning general wage-rate changes occurring in
reporting establishments between May 15 and June 15, 1935, is
given in table 37. This table covers 23,661 establishments employing
3,726,413 workers in June,
56
Increases in rates of pay were reported by 120 establishments in
37 industries, the average increase being 12.0 percent and the number
affected being 95,472. Thirteen automobile establishments reported
increases averaging 12.4 percent, and affecting 75,074 workers, and
four petroleum refineries reported an average increase of 5 percent in
rates affecting 8,373 workers. Five thousand and eighty-four wage
earners in 16 sawmills received 9.9 percent higher rates of pay than in
the preceding month. Other industries in which wage-rate increases
affecting more than 500 employees were reported were: Pottery (700),
steam fittings (623), paper and pulp (630), and machine tools (552).
Decreases were reported by 28 establishments in 14 industries.
These decreases averaged 19 percent and affected 1,550 workers.
Table 37,— Wage-Rate Changes in Manufacturing Industries During Month
Ending June 15, 1935
Industry
Estab
lish
ments
report
ing
Num ber of establish
ments reporting—
Total
number
of em
ployees
A ll manufacturing industries___ 23,661 3, 726,413
Percent of total................. .
100.0
100.0
Iron and steel and their prod
ucts, not including machinery:
Blast furnaces, steel works,
and rolling m ills_________
Bolts, nuts, washers, and
rivets____________________
Cast-iron pipe_____________
Cutlery (not including silver
and plated cutlery) and
edge tools----------------------- Forgings, iron and steel____
Hardware__________________
Plumbers’ supplies________
Steam and hot-water heat
ing apparatus and steam
fittings___________________
Stoves_____________________
Structural and ornamental
metal work___............. .......
T in cans and other tinware—
Tools (not including edge
tools, machine tools, files,
and saws)______ _________
W ire work__________________
M achinery, not including trans
portation equipment:
Agricultural implements----Cash registers, adding ma
chines, and calculating
machines___________ _____
Electrical machinery, appatus, and supplies_________
Engines, turbines, tractors,
and water wheels________
Foundry and machine-shop
products_________________
Machine tools_____________
Radios and phonographs___
Textile machinery and partsTypewriters and parts_____
1 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
Num ber of employees
having—
No
Wage- Wage- N o wage- Wage- Wagewage- rate in rate de
rate in rate de
rate
rate
creases creases changes creases creases
changes
23,513
99.4
120
.5
28
0)
% 391
97.4
95,472
2.6
289,604
92
8, 768
10,065
8,768
10,065
105
75
107
84
9,116
6,620
31,258
15,659
105
75
106
84
9,116
6, 620
31,206
15,659
77
213
17,918
27,577
76
212
17,295
27,4i7
277
97
19,216
19, 563
277
97
19, 216
19, 563
104
7,322
9,167
104
7, 322
9,167
77
29, 064
77
29,064
23
11, 790
23
402
126,328
11, 790
126, 257
85
42,426
83
42, 378
1, 582
167
48
148
145, 515
24,975
27,954
16, 312
10, 403
1,576
163
48
148
12
145, 311
24,423
27,954
16, 312
10,403
12
623
160
204
552
1,550
0)
Table 37.— Wage-Rate Changes in Manufacturing Industries During Month
Ending June 15, 1935— Continued
Industry
Transportation equipment:
Aircraft______________ _____
Automobiles_______ _______
Cars, electric- and steamrailroad__________________
Locom otives_______________
Shipbuilding______________
Railroad repair shops:
Electric railroad___________
Steam railroad_____________
Nonferrous metals and their
products:
Aluminum m anufactures...
Brass, bronze, and copper
products_________________
Clocks and watches and
time-recording devices___
Jewelry____________________
Lighting equipment_______
Silverware and plated ware.
Smelting and refining—cop
per, lead, and zinc.............
Stamped and enameld ware.
Lum ber and allied products:
Furniture___ ____ _________
Lumber:
M illw ork______________
Sawmills______________
Turpentine and rosin........ .
Stone, clay, and glass products:
Brick, tile, and terra cotta..
Cem ent.____ _________ ____
Glass_________ ____ _______
Marble, granite, slate, and
other products----------------Pottery------------------------------Textiles and their products:
Fabrics:
Carpets and rugs---------Cotton goods........ ..........
Cotton small wares____
Dyeing and finishing
textiles..........................
Hats, fur-felt___________
Knit goods____________
Silk and rayon goods___
W oolen and worsted
goods__________ _____
Wearing apparel:
Clothing, men’s..............
Clothing, wom en’s.........
Corsets and allied gar
ments-----------------------M en’s furnishings...........
M illinery.........................
Shirts and collars........ .
Leather and its manufactures:
Boots and shoes....... .............
Leather____________________
Food and kindred products:
Baking____ __________ ____
Beverages........................ —
Butter----- ---------- ---------------Canning and preserving-----Confectionery....... .................
Flour________ ____ _________
Ice cream__________________
Slaughtering and meat pack
ing----------------------------------Sugar, beet________________
Sugar refining, cane________
N umber of establish
ments reporting—
Estab
lish
ments
report
ing
Total
number
of em
ployees
28
334
7,445
352,669
28
321
60
12
104
15,631
5,700
31,529
60
12
103
364
528
19,148
82,402
359
528
Number of employees
having—
No
Wage- Wage- N o wage- Wage- Wagewage- rate in rate
rate
rate in rate de
de
rate
changes creases creases
changes creases creases
13
7,445
277,595
1
15,631
5,700
31,519
5
19,049
82,402
75,074
10
99
7,181
32
1
7,171
10
43,593
267
2
43,562
31
11,855
8,805
3,784
9,407
26
208
71
44
36
186
17,989
22,770
35
184
551
56, 581
548
2
1
56,507
57
17
539
30
20,380
68,296
2,667
469
519
30
14
16
2
4
19,912
62, 761
2,667
450
5,084
18
451
530
145
159
23,253
52,902
526
143
157
4
2
2
23,444
23,050
52,798
395
203
104
117
4,822
17,578
226
115
2
4,822
16, 878
700
110
20,130
260,057
9,578
32
673
109
175
55
605
260
173
55
605
259
1
132,491
43,503
143,258
484
2
84,497
41,776
1,036
891
1
92
128
172
6,940
8,200
7,210
27,636
39
92
128
172
6,940
8, 200
7,210
27, 636
354
174
112,470
34, 278
354
174
112,470
34,278
1,094
501
288
674
301
362
296
69,071
29, 421
4, 337
49, 734
31,863
14,631
10,984
1,088
500
288
673
300
358
295
291
68
13
90, 203
3,826
8, 633
291
67
13
33
32
675
11,855
8,805
3,784
9,407
1
2
17,689
22,499
2
1
1
1
4
4
1
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
300
271
20,130
259,833
9,559
224
19
43,253
6,808
132,491
43,379
144
142,904
354
84,497
41,664
5
107
91
120
10
68,970
29,301
4,337
49,534
31, 784
14,552
10,974
90,203
3,426
8.633
37
124
200
79
16
10
400
63
58
Table 37.— Wage-Rate Changes in Manufacturing Industries During Month
Ending June 15, 1935— Continued
Industry
T obacco manufactures:
Chewing and smoking totacco and snuff__________
Cigars and cigarettes.............
Paper and printing:
Boxes, paper_______________
Paper and pulp____________
Printing and publishing:
Book and jo b ...................
Newspapers and peri
odicals_______________
Chemicals and allied products,
and petroleum refining:
Other than petroleum re
fining:
Chemicals________ ____
Cottonseed—oil, cake,
and m eal____________
Druggists’ preparations.
Explosives_____________
Fertilizers_____________
Paints and varnishes___
R ayon and allied prod
ucts__________________
Soap___________________
Petroleum refining _______
R ubber products:
R ubber boots and shoes____
R ubber goods, other than
boots, shoes, tires, and
inner tubes____ _________
R ubber tires and inner
_______
tubes _
N um ber of employees
having—
Number of establish
ments reporting—
Estab
lish
ments
report
ing
Total
number
of em
ployees
39
210
8,068
46,062
39
210
715
396
33,225
105,409
715
394
2
1,409
57,828
1,401
6
611
51,756
605
147
33,642
146
96
61
28
337
616
2,717
7,116
3,506
9,748
22,605
96
61
26
336
613
29
94
204
47,446
15, 238
64,507
29
94
200
12
16,871
12
16,871
198
33,880
198
33,880
38
54,882
38
54,882
No
Wage- Wage- N o wage- Wage- Wagewagerate
rate in rate d e
rate in rate de
rate
changes creases creases changes creases crease,*
8,068
46,062
33,225
104,779
630
57,782
37
6
51,638
118
1
33,542
100
2
2
1
3
4
2,717
7,116
3,086
9,711
22, 386
47,446
15, 238
56,134
$
420
37
219
8,373
Trade, Public Utility, Mining, and Service Industries
Wage-rate changes reported by cooperating establishments in lt>
nonmanufactnring industries between May 15 and June 15 are indi
cated by table 38.
Increases averaging 6.7 percent were reported by 35 electric light
and power and 16 electric railroad establishments. The increases
affected 1,238 workers employed by the electric light and power
industry and 1,474 employees of the electric railroads. Fifty-three
wholesale trade establishments reported increases averaging 9.7
percent affecting 1,473 workers, and one metal mine indicated a 5-percent raise in rates of pay of 475 workers. Other increases reported
affected not more than 245 employees in any one industry.
Fifteen establishments in five industries reported wage-rate decrease
affecting a total of 161 workers.
59
Table 38.- -Wage-Rate Changes in Nonmanufacturing Industries During Month
Ending June 15, 1935
Industrial group
Anthracite mining______________
Percentage of total...............
Bituminous-coal mining------------Percentage of total________
Metalliferous mining____________
Percentage of total__________
Quarrying and nonmetallic min
ing________________________ ____
Percentage of total__________
Crude-petroleum producing____
Percentage of total---------- ...
Telephone and telegraph...
Percentage of total__________
Electric light and power and
manufactured gas........ ..............
Percentage of total__________
Eiectric-railroad and motor-bus
operation and maintenance—
Percentage.of total__________
"Wholesale trade_________________
Percentage of total--------------Retail trade_____________________
Percentage of total____ ____ Hotels___________________________
Percentage of total--------------Laundries_______________________
Percentage of t o t a l-...............
Dyeing and cleaning------------------Percentage of total__________
Banks___________________________
Percentage of total__________
Brokerage_______________________
Percentage of total------- -------Insurance.................. ..........................
Percentage of total...................
Number of establish
ments reporting—
Total
number
of em
ployees
160
100.0
1,383
100.0
250
100.0
78,906
100.0
243,088
100.0
29, 276
100.0
160
100.0
1,383
100.0
249
78,906
100.0
243,088
28,801
98.4
475
1.6
1,106
100.0
369
100.0
9, 388
100.0
34, 277
100.0
32,953
100.0
261, 513
100.0
1,101
99. 5
366
99. 2
9, 388
100.0
34,092
99.5
32. 762
99.4
261, 513
100.0
180
.5
191
2,713
100.0
239,143
100.0
2, 678
98.7
35
1.3
237,905
99.5
1,238
.5
477
100.0
16, 464
100.0
54,234
100.0
2,302
100.0
1,297
100.0
726
100.0
3,068
100.0
377
100.0
1,125
100.0
134,934
100.0
281, 755
100.0
824,884
100.0
138, 424
100.0
71,606
100.0
18, 296
100.0
99, 320
100.0
10, 750
100.0
70,458
100.0
460
96.4
16, 405
99.6
54,196
99.9
2, 302
16
3.4
53
.3
32
.1
133,406
98.9
280, 230
99.5
824, 605
1, 474
1.1
1,473
.5
245
0)
No
Wage- Wage- N o wage- Wagewage- rate
in rate de
rate
rate in rate de
rate
creases
creases changes creases creases
changes
0)
0)
<
100.0
138,424
100.0
1,294
99.8
726
71. 541
99.9
18, 296
100.0
99, 290
100.0
100.0
O
100.0
100.0
3, 065
99.9
376
99.7
1,125
J Less than Mo of 1 percent.
Number of employees
having—
Establishments
report
ing
100.0
10, 746
100.0
70,458
100.0
0)
54
0)l
52
0) '
34
0) '
16
0)
30
(0
0)
*
@FedFRASER