Full text of Employment and Payrolls : July - August 1942

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For immediate release
Wednesday, September 30s 1942
DEPARTMENT OF L'iBOR
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY
Employment in nonagrioultural establishments in August exceeded all previous
levels, Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins reported today (Wednesday).
"The August total of 37/739,000 was 555,000 greater than in July and was 2,332,000
above the August 1941 level," she said,
"Employment gains were reported in manufacturing, Federal, State, and local
government services, building construction, and transportation and public utilities.
These increases were slightly offset by employment declines in trade, mining, and
finance and service.
"The rise of 337,000 in factory employment continued the virtually unbroken
succession of increases reported since June 1940 and brought to nearly 4,700,000
the number of workers added to factory employment since the beginning of the Defense
Program. Employment in the Federal^ State, and local government services increased
by; 205,000 over the previous;month. Most of this increase occured in the Y7ar Depart­
ment. An additional 23,000 workers were hired in August on construction work. In
the transportation and public utility groups, employment increased by 14,000,
"The decline of 13,000 in the wholesale and retail trade group continued the
series of monthly decreases which began in April. Government restrictions affecting
certain lines of trade contributed to the decline, In the mining group, losses in
employment in each major line of mining activity resulted in a net decline of 5,000
workers. The largest decline (1.2 percent) was in metal mining and was attributable
to reduced forces in copper, lead, zinc, gold, and silver mines. Employment in the
finance, service, and miscellaneous group was 6,000 lower than in July.
"The increase of 1$641,000 in factory employment over the year interval
accounted for a major portion of the gain of more than 2 ,300,000 in nonagrioultural
establishments. Employment in the Federal, State, and local government services
was 1,000,000 greater than in August 1941* Smaller gains were shown in the trans­
portation and public utility, and the finance, service, and miscellaneous groups.
Among the three major groups reporting fewer workers in August 1942 than in August
1941) the decline in trade employment was most outstanding (406,000). The losses
in mining and contract construction amounted to 61,000 and 42 ,000, respectively.
"As industry continued to strive for greater production of war g ocds, the
number of wage earners in all manufacturing industries corrbined increased by 2.2
percent. The corresponding weekly wages increased by 4.9 percent or $19,300,000.
These gains were much larger than the seasonally expected increases of 1.5 percent
in employment and 3*1 percent in pay rolls and exceeded' the advances of any month
since June 1941*
"The increases in the durable goods manufacturing group of 2,6 percent in
employment and 5*8 percent in weekly pay rolls Yi/ere due primarily to expansion in
industries geared to the war effort, notably shipbuilding, aircraft, radios,
instruments, engines, automobiles, brass, bronze, and copper products^electrical
machinery, ammunition, explosives, and machine tools. The increase in employ­
ment of 3.7 percent or 14,500 workers in the automobile industry was the fourth
successive monthly gain, indicating the accelerated production of war materials.




"In the nondurable goods group the increase in employment of 1.6 percent was
due chiefly to seasonal gains in canning and preserving (18.9 percent or 34;000
workers), women*s clothing (9.8 percent or 17,700 workers), men's clothing (3.1
percent or 6,300 workers), millinery (32.2 percent or 5,4-00 workers), and confecticnery (10,1 percent or 5*300 workers). The beverage industry showed an in­
crease of 3.8 percent or 3?400 workers and the rubber tire and tube industry a
further gain of 4*5 percent or 2,800 wage earners. The increase in the latter in­
dustry is the fourth consecutive monthly rise and reflects production on Govern­
ment orders,
"Among industries reporting employment declines due primarily to material
shortages and freeze orders were east-iron pipe, plumber's supplies, stoves,
business machines, fur-*felt hats, and silk and rayon goods.
"The August over-all factory employment and pay-roll indexes, 145.3 and
214.Ay respectively (based on the 1923*25 average as 100) were the highest on rec­
ord' and were 9.2 percent and 35.6 percent higher, respectively, than the indexes
for August 1941. As emphasized in previous reports, the gains in pay rolls over
the year interval were much larger than in employment due primarily to increase in
the number of hours worked, to overtime premiums, and to increases in basic
wage rates.
"Retail trade as a whole showed a net employment loss of 0.9 percent. Com­
pared with August 1941 there was a decline of 7.6 percent. Retail stores engaged
in general merchandising reported a slight employment increase (0.3 percent),
while food and apparel stores reported employment declines.' Dealers in furniture,
automobiles and automobile supplies, and lumber and building materials also re­
ported employment reductions, reflecting the adverse effect of the v?ar urogram.
In wholesale trade employment remained at the July level, Losses in such major
lines as food products, petroleum and petroleum products, and machinery equipment
and supplies, offset gains reported by dealers in groceries and food specialties,
dry goods and apparel, and farm products.
"Metal mining employment fell off 1.2 percent due primarily to reductions in
c.opper, lead and zinc, and gold and silver mining. Operators of iron mines in­
creased their forces by 1,4 percent. In 'the remaining four major mining industries
employment, declines ranged from 0,4 percent in quarrying and nonmetailic mining to
0.8 percent in bituminous coal mining. Compared with August 1941 employment in
metal mines showed an increase of less than one percent while anthracite and bitnninaua; coal mines reported reductions of 6,7 and 0.4 percent, respectively,
quarrying and nonmetailic mines a reduction cf 4.7 percent, and crude oil producers
a reduction of 8.6 percent.
"In public utilities employment gains of 0,5 percent reported by telephone
and telegraph companies and 0,4 percent reported by street railways and busses were
offset by a decline of 1.2 percent in the electric light and power industry, which
was effected by government restrictions on the use of materials. The gains of 7.5
percent in employment, and 19*2 percent in pay rolls since August 1941 in the street
railway and bus industry reflected an increased demand for public transportation
resulting in increased hours, as well as wage-rate increases.
"In the service industries larger-than-seasonal employment declines were shown,
the most pronounced loss being in the dyeing and cleaning industry (2,6 percent).
Year-round hotels reported 1.3* percent and laundries 1.4 percent fewer employees.
Brokerage firms reported an employment reduction of 2.9 percent and insurance firms
a loss of 0.5 percent.




-

3

"Wage-rate increases averaging 8.5 percent and affecting 390,000 factory wage
earners were reported by 619 manufacturing establishments out of a reporting
sample of about 30/000 establishments employing 7,000,000 workers. Substantial
numbers of wage earners received wage-rate increases between July 16 and August 15
in the following manufacturing industries: shipbuilding, cotton goods , and steel.
In nonmanufacturing industries the largest number' of workers affected by wage-rate
increases were reported by the public utilities (7,000).
"Employment of wage and salaried workers in manufacturing industries continued
to rise in most States. Large relative increases over July 1942 were shown for
California, Delaware, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Montana, New Mcxico,
and Wyoming. Total manufacturing employment decreased from July to August 1942 in
the District of Columbia? Minnesota, Now Hampshire, North Carolina, Oregon, Rhode
Island, South Dakota? West Virginia, and Wisconsin.
"Manufacturing employment increased by more than 30 percent from August 1941 to
August 1942 in Utah (77 percent) , Kansas (65 percent), Colorado (4.6 percent, Calif­
ornia (43 percont) , Washington (43 percent), Alabama (36 percent)? Texas (33 per­
cent)? Oregon (32 percent), and Maryland (31 percont).
. "The total number of employees in nonagricultural establishments increased ever
the month in all States except the District of Columbia? New Hampshire? Oklahoma?
Oregon, Rhode Island? South Dakota? Tennessee, Vermont, West Virginia? and Wisconsin.
The most sigSificant increases occured in those States most directly affected by in­
creased war production.
"Employment on Federally-financed construction (including shipbuilding)ex ceded
'2,000., 000"
in the month ending August 15? 1942. Of the 95?OCO workers added since
mid-July, 90,000 were engaged on war projects - mainly housing, ship construction,
and construction' of aviation facilities— and 5,000 were engaged on nonwar projects
(river? harbor? and flood control projects). Since August 1941 employment on con­
struction projects not directly connected with the war effort has declined $1,200
While employment on war projects has increased 1,209,000. In August 1942, only
268.000 of tho more than 2,000,000 construction and shipbuilding workers were on the
direct pay roll of the Federal Government. The others were employed by contractors
and subcontractors.
"The increase of 194)000 employees in the Federal executive service, mostly in
in the War Department? brought the total to 2,572,000 in the month of August. Inside
the District of Columbia, the increase amounted to less than 1,000, while outside the
District the estimated increase, based on preliminary reports ? amounted t.cl93,000.
During August 1942, payrolls for the executive service amounted to ^422,262,000 —
$35,239,000 more than in July and $204,490,000 more than in August 1941*
"Employment on the war production training program of the National Youth Admin­
istration amounted in August to 97,000, a decline of 26,900 since July and of
222.000 since August a year age. It should be noted that the NYA program which was
formerly known as the "out-of-school work program?" was converted in July from a workrelief program into a war production training program. The student work program of
the NYA was closed for the summer vacation period and employed no workers in July
and August.
"Personnel on the two work-relief programs ** WPA and CCC - declined 83,700
during the month of August and 792,000 during the past year. Pay roll declines
for the corresponding periods were $12,039,000 and $39,419,000. In August
personnel on the WPA totalled 447,000 and on the COO 6,500."




(aS 42**2b'll)

- 4 REVISED ESTIMATES OF EMPLOYMENT IN NONAGRICULTUI-LAL ESTAin,ISHlv]ENTS
BY INDUSTRY DIVISIONS (in. Thousands)

37,789
14,978
518

c
-p

Total l/
;
Manufacturing.
!
M i n i n g ..............................
i
Contract construction and Federal
f o rc e -*a c c ount const rue t i on
:
Transportation and public utilities.
Trade....... .. „.....
. .
Finance, service, and miscellaneous.!
Federal, State, and local governm e n t ............ -_ ............. .....

t—i

Industry Division

^ Change
iChange
A',;'*.
;
Aun;. 1941
; Au,?.
1941
"to
. 1.942...;
.4....Aug..19.4..2
37,234 ^ + 555
35,457
+2,332
14,641
+ 337
13,337
+1,641
979 '
61
923 .
5

lAug. 1942 !
;(prelim- i; July
1942
mary;

+ 23
2,173
2,108
3,401
+ 14
3,519
- 13
6,897 i
3,504
' 4,355
4,300
6
i
^3.8.9, ..5.,..18.4.;.+ 205.. ;.4,,370. <

2,131
3,533
6,491
4,349

+
+

42
132
406
49

+1,019

1^/ Estim..ates exclude proprietors.of unincorporated businesses, self-employed persons,
domestics employed in private h e m e s , public emergency employees (WPA, NYA, and
CCC), and personnel in the armed forces.
The above estimates of employees in nonagricultural establishments are a
-continuation of the adjusted series presented in the August 31., 1942 mimeographed
press release. The figures represent the number of persons working at any time dur­
ing the.pay period ending nearest the 15th of each month. The estimates exclude
proprietors of unincorporated businesses, self-employed persons, unpaid family
workers, domestics employed in private homes, public emergency employees (WPA, COG,
and NYA), as well as personnel in the armed forces.
As in previous series, current monthly estimates are made chiefly on the basis
of month-1o-month changes in employment reported t o 'the Bureau of Labor Statistics
by a large number of cooperating employers in many diversified industries. The
levels in many industries have been adjusted on the basis of data made available by
the Bureau of Employment Security of the Social Security Board covering employment
figures reported under the State Unemployment Compensation programs. Since most of
the State laws exclude small firms from coverage, estimates for such exclusions were
made on the basis of special State tabulations prepared by the Bureau of Old-age and
Survivors Insurance, whose program covers all employers regardless of size of firm.
Estimates in other industries were made on the basis of data reported to other
government agencies such as the Interstate Commerce Commission, Civil Service Com­
mission, and the Bureau of the Census.
Revised monthly estimates of employees in nonagricultural establishments from
January 1939 to June 1942 for 5 of the 7 major industry divisions are available on
request. Revised estimates for the trade and service industry divisions for this
period and revised estimates for all industry divisions from 1929 to 1939 are con­
templated and will be released at a later date.




- 5 -

Revised monthly estimates of total employees in nonagricultural establishments
and wage and salaried employees in manufacturing industries, by State, from January
1939 to June 1942 are also available on request. Separate estimates for each of the
48 States and the District of Columbia for July and August 1942 and August 1941 are
shewn in the following table. Because the State figures do not include employees' on
merchant vessels, and because of certain adjustments in the United States estimates
which have not been made on a State basis, the total of the State estimates will not
agree exactly with the figures for the United States as a whole.

ESTIMATED NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES IN NONAGRICULTURAL ESTABLISHME
(in thousands)
j August
Region and State . 1942
j(prelim..................... i.inary.)..

.T.QTA.L..
July
1942
(Revised)

August
1941

August
1942
(prelim....i.mry).

BY STATE
TURING.
July
1942
(Revised)

August
1341

New England__ 3,252
Maine.... .........J
309
New Hampshire.....-...;
153
Vermont...... ..... i
87.1
Massachusetts ......j 1,654
Rhode Island-..... .
291
Connecticut._______ j. 758

3,237
303
155
87.3
1,546
292
754

3,105
257
159
90.1
1,588
293
718

1,835
155
77. 4
37. 9
740
156
469

1,624
149
78.0
37.2
738
158
464

1,544
121
79
34
722
164
423

Middle Atlantic...___; 9,394
New York....771.... 4,576
New Jersey......... 1,550
Pennsylvania...... ^ 3,268

9,308
4,520
1,535
3,253

9,074
4,470
1,468
3,136

4,061
1,770
849
1,442

3,987
1,720
832
1,435

3,805
1,667
767
1,371

East North Central...; 8,537
O h i Q 7 " 7 . " ? r r " l . .' 2,288
Indiana__ ...._____
1,067
Illinois.... .
. , 2,700
Michigan........... 1,702
Yvisconsin........
780

8,417
2,273
1,041
2,654
1,662
787

8,144
2,167
1,018
2,645
1,584
730

4,098
1,141
542
1,096
944
375

4,012
1,137
517
1,060
915
383

3,750
1,038
494
1,056
818
344

^Vest North Central..;
2,825
Minne s o t a ......... 599
Iowa„............ ..j
452
Missouri.......... ,
964
North Dakota,..,.. ^
67.7
South Dakota......;
92.3
Nebraska...........
252
Kansas ........... .
398

2,772
593
446
945
67.5
93.4
248
379




i

2,645
600
454
887
73.5
82.4
;
222
'
326

807
158
143
333
5. 6
10.2
44. 9
112.2

792
161
136
328
5.4
10.7
44.9
105.6

662
146
116
282
5,
9
35
68,

-6-

BRTIMATED NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES IN riONACRlCObTURAh ESTAbLISHMEMS, BY STATE
(In thousands)
Total
Region and State

"Angust
1942

South Atlantic.
Delaware........
Maryland........
D. C . ......... .
Virginia .......
lAest Virginia....:
North Carolina___;
South Carolina__ j
Georgia........... i
Florida .......... ;

4,739
98.8
735
493
751
440
748
392

East South Central.;
Kentucky.........j
Tennessee........:
Alabama.. ....... :
Mississippi...... j

1,869

West South Central..
Arkansas ...... ... ;.
Louisiana....... .
Oklahoma
Texas
:
...........i
Moun tain.....
Montana....
Idaho.....
Ysyoming.__
Colorado__
New? Mexico.
Arizona ___
U tah.......
Nevada. ___

2,463
278
480
358
1,347

Pacific.
Washington.
Oregon_____
California^.

3,605




640

436

452
575
588
254

986
119
''98.5

65.0

303
83.9
110.4
168
38.1

638
387
2,580

....July''

1942
4,631
93.4
704
499
737
441
721
384
626
426

"August"
1941

Manufa c turing
August
July
Augu5
1942
1942
1941
(Eraiin!ine.ry.)..:..(Rs.YiR.e.d)...;......

4,335
95.2

642

409
674
437
716
363
603
396

i
:
!
!
i
!
j
!
i
i

248

' 1,728
428
:
539
505
256

2,421
274
^ 469
361
^ ±,317

2,159
227
4^8
328
1,176

1,848

442
578
580

!
!
^
^

i
963
114
97.0
61.2
300
81.9
106.1
.165
37.8
3,501
627
389
2,485

i
^

906 ;
123
99.8i
64.3!
264 :
84 .8 !
96.8;
133 ;
40.2;
3,050
523
310
2,217

1,643
50.9
336
14.6
227

125
375

184
251

79.8

.1,608 : 1,880
46.0!
43.5
312
257
I 4.8
14.3
221
204
126 : 124
377 !i 367
170
184
248
237
71.6
79.5 ;:

631
108
218
277
73.4

670
105
'^
2.15 ;:
273 :;
77.3

565
78.6
137
57.4
292

552
77.4;

161
18.0
18.8
4.9
62.7
5.2
10.5
39.4
1.6
.1,326
243
143
935

56.1
284
154
l;.'.3
17.8
4.4

61.6
4.6

10.2
38.6
1.6
1,245
235
150
860

.586
106
203
204
73.3
447
66
110
50
219
120
16.2
18.7
4.7
43.1
5.1

8.5

22.2
1.5
933
169
112

652

- 7Indexes of employment o.nd pay rolls for all manufacturing industries combined, Class I steam
railroads, and for those n^nmanufacturing industries for which information is available, are
shown below for August 1942, with percentage changes from July 1942 and August 1941. The 3-year
average 1923-25 is used as a base in computing the indexes for manufacturing industries and the
5-year average 1935-39 as a base for Class I steam railroads. For the other nonmanufarturing
industries information for years prisr to 1929 is not avail?.hle from the Bureau's records, and
the 12-month average for 3.929 is used as a base in computing the index numbers. These indexes
are not adjusted far seasonal variation.
'The data for manufacturing, mining, building construction, laundries^ and dyeing and cleaning
cover wage earners only; those fir railroads cover all employees while the data for water trans­
portation cover employees on vessels of 1,000 gross tons or over in deep-sea trades only. The
data for other industries exclude proprietors and firm members, corporation officers, executives,
and others whose work is mainly supervisory*
i

Employment

j

Pay Roll

Index
jPercentage
j Index
j Percentage
Industry
Aug.
!cixm g e frMDr-.!; ^ Aug.
ichange from1942
Aug.
iJuly
July ! Augj,"!' " 1942
1941!
;
1942
1941
1942
i
1/
1/
(1923-25=100);
!(1923-25=100)
MANUFACTURING.
^
....
+35.6
!+ 4.9
2/ 145.3
! 4 2.2: +-9.2.! 2/ 214.4
:(1935-3&=100)
(1935-39=100)i
CIASS 1 STEAM RAILROADS 3/
^
I
129.6
+ .5' + 9.6i
4/
4/
4/
(1929=100)
(1929=100)
TR^DR:
^
1.7
Wholesale , . . . .
............ ;
89,8
; + .1 ! - 6 .3!
91.3
!- 5/
Food products, . .................... . ;
l.S'i - 1.3j
*4
+10.3
^
Groceries and food specialties/
!
4.0
!+ .2
.1; - 3.3
4/
Dry goods and apparel,
j
4.5
.3! - - 10 .d
i+ 2.1
4/
4/
Machinery, equipment and supplies , L
+11.5
!- .3
4/
d/
! - .1:' + .1
:+19.5
Farm products.............
j
+20.0
4/
d/
j +43.9! +12.4
Petroleum and petroleum products
* i
1.6
(includes bulk tank stations)
!
i— .4
V
d/
! - 1.4! - 7.3
4- .5! ' -ie .2
9.2
!+ 1.0
Automotive,
,.
, ...i!
d/
Retail- ^
. ! 6/ 89.5
.9! - - 7.6 6/ 91.4
2.K
j
!- .4
118.5
112.3
i - 1.6; + 3.6
+12.5
!- .3
................... ; . *
+ .3! + .3 6/104.3
General merchandising
,._
6/103.9
i- .8
5.0
81.0
!
7.8
83.9
!— 1.8
A p p a p e l ............... .
. .. *
1.1 i + .6
Furniture aMliousefurni!shings /
/
60.3
j - 2.4 j -23.2
62.4
-17.9.
!- 1.6
Automotive ..................
,
52.6
! — 1^5 i -43.3
57.9
-39.5
!
Lumber and building materials . . .
!
69.5
1 - i.ej -16.5
- 6 .2
80.1
i- .9
!
j
PUBLIC UTILITIES:
I
+ .51 + 4.^ 6/12'. ,C
;+ .6
+ 8.9
Telephone and telegraph
.
. ! 6/ 93.9
Electric light and power
*
*, ! 6/ 65.7
j *.
- 10 .d 6/112 .0
!- .3
- 2.1
Street railways and busses 7 /
. ! 6/ 75.0
j 4- .4j + 7.5j 6/.93,7
+1*.2
if 3.2
*3NING:
^
'* i
46.7
Anthraoite...... ^ !
48.1
- 5.8
.5! - 6.?!
!+ 4.9
Bitumi^ous-coal
.
...
120.5
92.2
j
!+ 6.9
- .4
+ 2.7
............
, i
Metalliferous , ,
60.6
i
+23.4
105.4
!+ 3.8
1.2 i +
51.4
!
Quarrying and itoiuBctali^c mining . , , . !
66.8
+12.6
.4! - 4.^
!+ 1.3
i+ .9
Crudc-petroleum production.
. !
.6! i* 8.6!
56.9
j
63.2
+ 2.7
:
SERVICES:
i
Hotels (year-round)
. . . ,!
93.3
!
1.3! - 1.^ 8/ 97.2
+10.2
^!+ .9
116.a
117.5
+11.6
1.4! + 2,5!
l a u n d r i e s .........
1
i- .8
Dyeing and cleaning
. j
123.6
; - 2.6 j + 4,d
105.6
iv 3.3
+14.7
-20.4
!- 4.0
Brokerage
^
.... .
....
. !
4/
4/
i - 2.9! -21.3
Insurance ...................... .
.5j - 1.5
!- 1.6
+ 3.0
4/

^

1/ Preliminary#
Sourcet Ihteystate #enmeree ConKiission,
5/ Less than oa*-4enth of #ne poyeent*

!

2 / Adjusted to preliminary 1939 Census figures#
4/ Not available#

6/ Retail-trade indexes adjusted to 1935 Census, public utility indexes to 1937 Census,

7/ Covers street railways and trolley and motor^us operations of subsidiary, affiliated and
successor companies*

8/ Cash payments only; value of board^ r#om, and tips cannot be computed,
9/ Based on estimates prepared ^y the United States Maritime Commission.
1 0 / Pay-roll index on 1929 base not available. Includes war bonuses and value af subsistence and

lodging.




Index Numbers o f Employment and Pay Rolls of Wage Earners in MiiNUFACTt!RING INDUSTRIES
Adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures, Except as Indicated in Notes 2 and 4
(3-Year Average 1923-25 = 1 0 0. 0)
MANUFACTURER} INDUSTRIES

ALL INDUSTRIES 2/....... J

145.3

142.2

133.1

214.4

204.3

Aug.
1941
-158.1

Durable goods 2/........

165.1
126.4

160.9
124.4

138.7
127.7

267.0
155.6

252.3
150.5

177.6
136.3

134.6

135.0

139.9

192.8

lu8 .1

172.0

150.5
176.1
90.8

151.6
175.0
93.7

149.1
171.3
96.1

203.2
314.7
132.7

201.3
291.0
132.0

183.3
257.3
111.8

123.1
124.9
135.1
133.5
97.8 ; 95.4
62.8
65.6
201.5
199.5

127.4
110.6
113.2
102.6
224.5

176.9
245.3'
165.5
82.8
324.5

177 ..2
241.1
150.7
8O .4
308.1

147.5
169.8
145.7
107.1
286.0

123.1
84.6
123.3
111.0

120.1
89.0
121.4
107.4

123.2
117.2
110-.0
145.3

184.3
109.3
172.3
160.4

172.8
112.9
159.0
146.7

147.7
127.4
125.2
184.7

152.3
151.6

151.6
156.1

142.6
189.8

245.7
244.4

233.7
251.1

190.1
247.9

215.4

210.3

177.0

363*9

347.8

244.5

163.0

165.4

172.0

259.8

255.4

227.5

181.;0L

185.2

170.3

291.2

294.7 ,! 223.1

2/

2/

3/

2/

1/

Durable goods
Iron and steel and th<Ar products,
not including machinery........
Blast furnaces, steel works, and
rolling mills.....................
Bolts, nuts, washers , and rivets ...
Cutlery (not including silver and
plated cutlery), and edge tools..
Plumber's- supplies
Stamped-and enameled ware..........
Steam and hot-water heating appaStructural- and ornamental metal wk
Tin ;cans and other tinware........
Tools (not including edge tools,
machine toolsy files, and saivs)..

Aug.
1942-

July
1942

Machinery, not including transportaAgricultur^l implements (including
Cash registers, adding machines,
and calculating machines.........
Electrical machinery, apparatus,
'and supplies .......................
Engines, turbines, water wheels
and windmills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foundry and mac h'inc-c hop'products..

2/ . 3/
170.2
167.4
2/
2/
Radios and phonographs............ * 210.5
197.4
Textile machinery and parts........ 105.7
107.5
Typewriters and parts.,i
98.7
99.9
Transportation equipment
293.2
312.3
2/
2/
Aut omobiles.... .....n^...........
99.2
95..6
Cars, eleetric- and 3teain-railroad.
2/
2/
Locomotives^.................. J..
3/
2/
.2/"




Aug.
1941

3/
145.6
2/
20FT.4
IO8.4
155.7
172.0
3-/
110.9
-2/

l/"Aug.
1942

July
1942

3/'

3/
2/
262.0
250.3
2/
2/
309.3
293.1
158.1
158 .2 .
156.2
148.9
524.1
477.-4'
' . 2/
' 2/
'158.3
147.9
2/.
2/
.2/
.2/
... 2/...
1 , 3/

3/
2/
186.0
3/
234.0
135.8
222.3
224.4
2/
'139.2
2/
2/

-9-

Durable ^oods — continued
Nonferrous metals and their products
Brass, bronze, and copper products.
Clocks and watches and time-*

Silverware and plated ware..... ...
Smelting and refining--copper, lead

149-2
2/
2/

146.6
3/
2/

145.5
3/
2/

105.7
88.1
87.0
65.8

109.0
89.4
88.0
63.7

100.0
73.5
92.1

100.1
73.3
93.0

72.9
66.0
92.2
67.7
85.2
119.0

223.5
2/
3/

182.6
3/
3/

118.0 %L80.6
118.0 101.1
111.8 111.1
84.8
89.0

179.7
98.5
110.7
81.2

156.4
113.3
118.7
94.4

103.5
81.0
IO 8.4

138.3
97.7
114.6

137.1
93.3
109.6

118.4
92.3
116.1

71.7
65.6
91.8
68,9
84.6
115.0

78.0
70.7
101.3
79,4
83,5
130.0

81.9
88.0
105.3
72.5
104.3
157.8

77.0
84.2
100.2
71.9
101.2
143.3

74.8
80.3
104.2
77.0
93.9
155.4

37.9
113.7

37.6
115.5

44.6
119.4

32.5
132.5

32.7
126.6

36.1
124.1

109.7
103 s3
69.2
llA.o
112.1
127,6
55.5
118.2
76.5
87.3
145.8
61.9
104.6
119.1
117.7
155.1
106.1
112.4
69.8
127.9

108.2
104.2
70.8
114.5
112.9
128.0
62.6
118.3
77.3
87,9
151.0
63.4
105.6.
112.4
114.2
141.3
96.9
110.8
52.8
128.2

115.4
106.9
90.5
109.9
106.4
136.3
82.0
141.5
81.3
86.4
161.4
67.9
108.9
129.6
123.3
175.7
119.1
128.1
79.8
133.6

130.7
132.6
81.7
157,0
168.9
147.8
59.3
155.6
80.7
111.4
I64.1
69.4
142.1
118.7
114.1
142.5
136.0
148.3
72.0
153.5

124.3 119.3
129.9 114.4
81.9
93.4
150.8 126.2
167.0 123.3
145.0 132.5
63.2
90.5.
145.5 153.9
81.1
77.3
110.1
90.8
I66.4 157.3
63.7
69.9
144 .2 118.5
105.6 121.7
107.7 113.6
120.3 . 154.3
124.3 139.4
138.6 I44.4
40.6
74.5
150.2 140.6

Lumber:
Stone, clay, and glass products.... .

1/ Aug.
19A2
231.3
2/
3/

Marble, granite, slate, and other
Nondurable goods

Cotton small wares................
Dyeing and finishing textiles....

Corsets and allied garments......

See footnote at end of table.




Pay Rolls
July
1942

!

Employment
Aug.
1/ Aug. July
19A2
1942
1941

S s'

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

,

Index Numbers of Employment and Pay Rolls of Wage Earners in MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures, Except as Indicated in Notes 2 and 4
(3**Year Average 1923-25 = 100.0)

-10-

Index Numbers of Employment and Pay Rolls of Wage Earners in MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures, Except as Indicated in Notes 2 and 4
(3^Year Average 1923-2$ = 100.0)

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Nondurable goods-"-continued
Leather and its manufactures *....
Boots and shoes...............
Leather........................
Food and kindred products........
B a k i n g .....................

E:-.ployr^nt
July
1/"Aug.
1942
1942

96.2
94.1
91.6
93.5
88.2
90.8
156.6
I64.1
160.1
162.1
325.8
338.1
121.2
124.3
Canning and preserving a........
256.2
215.5
Confectionery.... .. ..........
93.4
84.9
Flour..........................
80.7
81.3
Ice Cream...................... '
95.8
93.5
Slaughtering and meat packing.. + * <3 150,0
150.7
89.6
Sugar, beet
61.7
**9
Sugar refining, cane...........
84.0
85.2
66.1
Tobacco manufactures =,............
6.4.5
52.C
Chewing and smoking tobacco & snuff
51.5
67.8 ' 66.1
Cigars and cigarettes«
115.6
Paper and printings....
114.7
118.1
119 2
Boxes, paper
119.2
Paper and pulp*.......
12l! 5
Printing and publishing:
Book and job<,
99.4
99.1
109-.8 110.4
Newspapers and periodicals
156.7
s 157.4
Petroleum refining
13 .4 .7
133.9
162.2
Other than petroleum refining
162,9
195.2
C h e m i c a l s . .... .. ... ..
193.5
Cottonseed— oil, cake, and meal..
64.9
60.5
163.2
Druggists' preparations c..
161.5
Explosives ................
3/
^
.
-93.3
Fertilizers.............
96.9
126.2
126.2
Paints and varnishe
306.6
Rayon and allied products«...
309.1
83.1
Soap..................... .
83.4
Ruboer products% . . . . . .
105,1
101.3
76.8
Rubber boots and shoes,
.
<74.4
86.1
82.6
Rubber tires and inner tubes...
168.7 i 163.5
Rubber goods ? othe-A * + W + W <

_
Aug. 17 Aug.
1942
1941

Pay Rolls
July
Aug
1942
19,41....

101.1
98.3
94.8
'159.3
152.7
328.1
111.1
304.4
91.1
78.1
94.8
. 122.4
63.6
95.4
65 .8
52.3
67.5
. 123.9
142.0
127.8

108.4
102<,1
120.2
194.0
186.3
491.6
131.2
315.6
116.1
10A.4
92.7
185.3
112.6
85.8
84.O
78.3
84.5
130.2
163.7
165.1

110.2 104.7
103.4 100 .7
123.8 109 .0
186.5 I65 .5
182.0 155 ,2
467.7 429 .7
131.3 105 .1
273.6 324 .7
102.5 1100 .6
98.0
30 .9
.2
95.3
188.1 142 .9
79.0
67 .8
86.6 100 .3
78.5 .70 .0
68 2
75.9
70 !i
78.6
128,4 130 .9
158.9 181 .9
162.3 162 .7

105.5
114.7
-143.1
- 127.9
146.7
180.1
70.9
135.7
3/
89.6
144.8
329.3
97.4
< 111.8
79.4
j 86.7
} 192.9

96.3
113.0
232.6
187.8
246.4
310.2
70.7
213.7
2/
U9.4
162.0
400.8
121.9
151.8
110.7
134.7
229.3

95.9
111,6
230.8
186.5
^44.4
313.4
65.5
207.7
2/
118.4
161.6
392.6
121.7
145.6
99.6
130.4
221.3

98 .5
109 .8
181 .5
159 .1
188 .4
2/7 $^O
65 .1
j165 .0
2/
! 90 .8
j171 .5
j368 .2
i135 ,1
j138 .8
j102 .2
j116 *4
j228 .3
i

1/ August 1942 indexes preliminary; subject to revision.
,2/ Adjusted to preliminary..3.939 Census figures.
Included in total and group indexes, but not available-for publication separatcAdjusted on basis of a complete employment survey of the aircraft industry for
August 194P* Not comparable to indexes appearing in press releases dated,
earlier than November 1940. Revised figures available in mimeographed form.




INDEXES OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS IN FIFTY-Fr/E A DD ITIO ^L Iv^NUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

(Preliminary)
(12-month average 1939 = 100)
Aug.
1942
Iron and Steel Group
"Metal doors and shutters#^........

Wire drawing . . . „
l^rought pipe not made in roiling
mills
**
,.
*
Steel barrels, kegs, and drums
Iv&chlnery Group
Machine tool accessories.
Pumps.
.......
Refrigerators and refrigerating
apparatus .
Sewing machines
,.
Washing machines, wringers, and
driers ... ...... .
Transportation Equipment Group
Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts
Nonferrous-Metals'Group
Sheet-metal work
Smelting and refining of scrap
metal
Lumber Group
Caskets and morticians goods
Wood preserving.
Wood turned and shaped
,t
Wooden boxes, other than cigar.
M e t r e s se s and bedsprings* .
Stone, Clay and Glass Products Group
Abrasives
Asbestos products.
Lime
Gypsum
Glass products made fr^m purchased
glass
Wallboard and plaster, except
gypsum. /
Textiles
Textile bags. . .
Cordage and twine
... . ......
Curtains, draperies, & bedspreads
House furnishings, tther
Jute goods, except felt
Handkerchiefs
Leather Group
Boot and shoe cut stnck & findings.
Leather gloves and mittens
,
Trunks o.nd suitcases
Food Group
Cereal preparations. . . . . . .
Condensed and evaporated milk
Feeds, prepared . .
Paper and Printing Group
Paper bags
Enve H ope s .
.. . .
Paper goods, not elsewhere classified
Bookbinding .
Lithographing




Employment
July
: Aug.
1942
i 1941

Aug.
1942

Pay Rolls
July
' Aug.
1941
1942

134.1
V
273.1
146.5

139.2
1/
270.3
142.4

: 145.7
!
1/
^ 199.7
j 138.2

203.4
1/
466.8
201.2

210.9
1/
457.4
197.5

196.4
i/
275.1
i 170.6

209.6
108.7

192.7
122.6

! 150.8
- 138.5

367.1
155.5

321.3
165.4

198.7
^ 179.4

1/
279.8

V
274.7

1/
194.1

1/
536.1

1/
521.5

1/
! 284.6

106.4
128.0

100.4
125.6

143.1
129.7

163.6
229.5

151.1
223.0

172.1
198.2

117,5

108.2

125.0

188.4

186.6

152.4

138,9 '

140.5

168.4

233.4

224.4

206.4

147.3

149.3

149.5

217.3

213.8

- 189.9

167.3

169.8

147.1

246.2

246.5

188.4

90,4
117.2
110.0
129.2
89.3

92.0
117.4
111.4
127.4
98.8

104.5
125.4
113.6
123.4
12*9.7

111.2
:' 186.5
i^ 152.4
193.5
^ 114.7

115.6
181.3
153.4
187.8
124.5

= 116.0
161.0
134.4
164.1
159.7

214.7
131.5 .
113.3
96.1

212.5
131.1
112.9
100.3

186.8
146.2
125.5
110.3

324.3
207.2
161.8
133.7

314.1
207,3
157.1
138.5

234.6
191.4
161.1
149.0

115.0

117.0

145.4

144.8 ^

142.7

162.6

134.9

136.1

. 142.7

189.3 ^

182.1

181.1

^ 129.3 : 124.0
134.6 ! 137.0
98.8 '
93.8
142.9
144.9
' 109.2 , 108.6
92.1';
93.6

113.0
136.9
111.0
135.5
134.2
108.2

167.9 ^
196.2
137.2
194.7
= 165.1
126.1

154.9
202.9
127.1
195.1
160.7
126.7

131.9
182.4
164.2
166.4
177.9
131.6

! 107.7
149.9
163.1

125.9
194.6
; 224.5

124.6
191.3
210.2

126.4
194.0
166.9

^ 167.7
: 193.2
- 165.4

155.6
199.1
168.4

143.9
142.6
126.6

143.5
129.5
140.7
139.9
93.7

141.2
128.3
139.5
141.6
94.5

153.2
132.7
144.6
148.3
121.5

95.2 !
96.8
148.6
148.9
180.2,
180.2

;
j
j
;

122.3
145.1
; 122.9

117.3
150.5
122.1

' 120.1
123.7
111.6

i 110.0
109.1
i 116.6
! 107.7
85.6

110.9
110.5
117.8
109.5
86.7

=
i
i
^

130.2
120.5
126.8
116.0
106.5

INDEXES OF EI^LOYMBNT AND

ROLLS IN FIFTY-FIVE ADDITIONAL M^JUFACTURBJG INDUSTRIES
(Preliminary)

(12-month average 1939 - 100.0)
Industry

Aug.
1942

Chemical, Petroleum & Coal Pptni&cts
A n minition...... .
1/
Compressed and liquefied gases
162.7
Perfumes and cosmetics
103.6
Coke-oven products
125.5
Paving materials
70.6
Roofing materials
131.6
Mis ce11ane^us Group
Chemical fire extinguishers,
: 2/
Buttons,
116.3
Instruments, professional, scientific,
and ce-piercial
*
1/
Optical goods.
1/
Photographic apparatus
141.0
84.6
Pianos, organs, and parts.
**
.
87.6
Toys, games, & playground equipment

Employment
: July ; Aug.
! 1942 i 1941

Aug
194

Pay Rolls
July
1942

Aug.
1941

!
!
!
!
!
j

1/
164.5
102.4
124.9
85.9
131.5

i/
!
j 140.4
! 106.4
! 126.2
i 127.0
j 134.9

233
121
169
106
188

1/
232.7
119.6
162.6
121.4
185.7

1/
167.0
115.5
147.5
158.8
168.8

!

1/ !
1/
114.6 ^ 116.2

173

1/
169.6

1/
148.2

!
!

1/
1/
137.8
91.9
95.3

!
1/
=
1/
i 126.9 ! 195
= 126.1 j 125
i, 144.6 ! 122

1/
189.5
131.1
126.6

1/
1/
156.4
144.6
157.1

!

2 ^ Not available for publication.

DJDEX NUI\aLRS OF EMPLOYMENT AND RYY ROLLS IN NONi.AmFACTmDJG D^DUSTRIES
Aug. and July 1942 and Aug. 1941
Class 1 steam railroads l/

^t s * *

Coal mining:

Anthracite
<,
Bituminous
Metalliferous mining......
Ruarrying and nonmetalli^. mining
Crude-petroleum production
^^
Public utilities:.
Telephone and telegraph
Electric light and power
Street railways and busses.
Trade: Wholesale
Retail
Hotels (year-round) 3/
Laundries,
Dyeing and cleaning'
Brokerage 4/ /
Insurance 4/^
Building construction 4/

^

(1935-39=100.0)
12C.6
129.0
118.3
(1929=100.0)
46.9
46.7
50.0
92.6
92.2
93.0
80.6
81.5
79.9
51.4
51.6
53.9
56.9
57.2
62.2
93.9
85.7
75.0
89.8
89.5
93.3
117.5
123.6
-2.9
.5
2.6

93.5
86.7
74.7
89.7
90.3
94.5
119.1
126.9
- 5.3
+ *b
- 4.2

89.6
95.2
69.7
95.P
96.9
94.5
114.6
118.9
-21.3
- - 1.5
:-27.7

:

(1935-39=100.0)
2/'
E/
2/
(1929=100.0)
45.9
51.1
48.1
120.5
117.3
112.7
105.4
85.4
1C1;6
59.3
66.8
65.9
62.6
61.5
63.2
126.8
112.6
93.7
91.3
91.4
97.2
116.9
105.6
- 4.0
- 1.6
- 2.2

126.f)
113.0
90.9
91.3
91.8
96.3
117.8
109.2
- 3.8
+ ^
- 3.2

116.4
115.1
78.6
89.8
94.0
88.2
104.7
92.1
-20.4
+ 3.0
-12.3

l/ Preliminary; source— Interstate Commerce Commission.
2/ Not available.
3/ Cash payments only; additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
4/ Indexes of employment and pay rolls not available. Percentage changes from July to August
1942, June t- July 1942, and August 1941 to August 1942 substituted.
5/ Based on estimates prepared by the U. S. Maritime Commission covering steam and motor
merchant vessels cf 1,000 gross tones or over in deep-sea trades only. Pay-roll data
include war btnuses and value of subsistence and lodging. Pay-roll indexes on 1929
base not available. Percentage changes from July to August 1942, June to July 1942, and
.^gust 1941 ^-t^ August*. 1942 .substituted.




- 13 EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS (INCLUDING SHIP CONSTRUCTION)
FINANCED WHOLLY OR PARTIALLY FROM FEDERAL FUNDS AMD ON STATE ROADS FINANCED
WHOLLY FROM STATE OR LOCAL FUNDS, AUGUST 1941 .AND JULY AND AUGUST 1942
(In thousands)

Employment
August
July
;August
1942
1942
' 1941

Program

____________ . 1 /

All Federal programs.

. ............

2,003.1

Financed by regular
j
Federal appropriations 2/....!1,812^3 1,773.3
W a r . .... .................. 1,694.2 1,660.0
118.1
Other...............
103.3
Public housing

344,156 :119,443
324,334 : 99,090
19,772 [ 20,353
10,301 j 12,049

65.9

90.1

12,086

A/1

.1

.1

5.1

7

11

^/...

8.5

7.6

3/

1,031

913

12.9
10.1
2.8

17,632.
17,240
392

12,923
12,561

Financed by R.F.C.
W a r . ...........
Other...........
State roads 6/
Neitj reacts
Maintenance .................!

4
2/

163.6

356,258
336,700
19,558

737.1
573.5

79.8

Financed,by P.W.A*
Vi^ar public works

Pay rolls
August ;July
August
1942
* 1942
1S^41
^.1Z. ^
$387,OL4
309 ^134,547

102.4
100.2
2.2

60.9

59.1
1.8

..160.,.6... 163,8
47.2'
49.4
113.4
114.4

672
5/

362

2,383
2,005
378

.206,3.: ..1.6,120.;.16,.C45..
67.7
4,575 : 4,460
138.6
11,545 ! 11,535

16.,.843
5,2.27
11,618

Preliminary.
Employment data represent the weekly average j payroll data are for the nonth
ending on the 15th exccpt.'for Federal-aid roads which are for the calendar
month. Data for Federal-aid roads for August 1942 are estimated.
Includes all Federal housing projects including those, formerly under the
United States Housing Authority.
Employment data represent the weekly average? pay roll data are for the month
ending on the 15th.
Program not in operation.
Data are for the calendar month. Employment data represent the average number
working during the month. Data for August 1942 arc estimated.




14
BACLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS IN REGULAR FEDERAL SERVICES, THE NATIONAL
YOUTH ADMINISTRATION AND ON WORK-RELIEF PROGRAMS
AUGUST 1941 AND JULY AND AUGUST 1942
(In thousands)
-

Employment

Pay rolls

Class

July
August
August
August
July
August
1942
1942
1942
^ 1941
i 1942
1941
1/
...!/....
....
.....................
.......... !.........
Executive service 2/ 3/,...... 2,571.5 4/2,378.0 ;i1,445.0 $422,262 ^/$387,024 217,772
Inside District of Columbia.
276.6
275.7
49,942
48,14$ 31,740
186.9
Outside District of Columbia 2,294.9
338,87-$ 186,032
2,102,3 1,258.1 372,320
6.0

1,358

1,369.

1,335

2.7

2,6

672

672:

641

97.0

123.9

318.4

3,042

3,349

447.3
167.7
^ 279.6

525.1
241.5
283.6

1 ,04.2.6

.31,603
12,39i::
19,212!
i

4.2,499
19,234
23,265

1,046 :

2,i89)

Judicial.....................

6.5 !

6.5

2,7

i:

NYA - War production training

i
7,565

WodK*"-relief programs:
349.7
692.9

Civilian Conservation.
6.5
!
l/
2/

12.3

203.3 ;

62,083
20,78^
41,300
;
9,986

;.......... i.....;...

Preliminary.
Data for August include 267,585 forco-account enployees also included under
construction projects and 6,051 supervisory and techincal employees also in­
cluded under CCC. Data for public employment offices which were federalized
in January 1942? are included in July and August 1942.
2/ Employment data are for the last pay period of the month: payroll data for the
complete monthly period.
Includes employment and estimated pay roll for the transportation service of the
War Department.
ji/ Beginning i3±th July 1942, NYA projects are no longer considered work-relief
projects but are primarily training programs for war workers. Training program
was called out-of-school work program prior to July 1942.
6/ Pay-roll data represent disbursements made during the calendar month, employ­
ment data represent the '.vcekly average.
7/ Employment represents for enrolled personnel an average of counts taken at
10-day intervals, and for other groups, the nujnber employed on the last day of
the month. Pay-roll data are for tho calendar month.