Full text of Employment and Payrolls : July 1940

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Serial No. R. 1169

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Isador Lubin, Commissioner

•##########################################4 [* llili

I »##++####+#+<

EMPLOYMENT
AND PAY ROLLS
Prepared by
DIVISION OF EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
Lewis E. Talbert, Chief
and
DIVISION OF CONSTRUCTION AND
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
Herman B. Byer, Chief

JULY 1940
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE • WASHINGTON • 1940




CONTENTS
Summary of employment reports for July 1940:
Total nonagricultural employment
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
Detailed tables for July 1940:
Nonagricultural employment
Industrial and business employment
Public employment

.

__

..
...

page
1
1
6
7
10
25

Tables
SUMMABY

TABLE

1.—All manufacturing industries combined and nonmanufacturing
industries—employment, pay rolls, and weekly earnings,
July 1940
TABLE 2.—Federal employment and pay rolls—summary, July 1940
NONAGRICULTURAL

EMPLOYMENT

TABLE 3.—Estimates of nonagricultural employment, by major groups..
TABLE 4.—Estimated number of employees in nonagricultural establishments, by StatesINDUSTRIAL, AND BUSINESS

9

13
18
23
24

EMPLOYMENT

TABLE 9.—Executive service of the Federal Government—employment
and pay rolls in June and July 1940
TABLE 10.—Construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
July 1940, by type of project
TABLE 11.—Housing projects of the United States Housing Authority—
employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, July 1940,
by geographic division




8

EMPLOYMENT

TABLE 5.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, July 1940 .__
TABLE 6.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, May through July
1940
TABLE 7.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—indexes of
employment and pay rolls, July 1939 through July 1940__
TABLE 8.—Principal metropolitan areas—comparison of employment and
pay rolls in identical establishments in June and July 1940_.
PUBLIC

5
7

(in)

25
26
27

IV
Page

12.-—Projects financed by the Work Projects Administration—
employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on Federal
agency projects, July 1940, by type of project; employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects operated
by the Work Projects Administration, July 1940
TABLE 13.—Projects operated by the Work Projects Administration—
employment, pay rolls and, man-hours worked, June 1940,
by type of project
TABLE 14.—-National Youth Administration student work program and
out-of-school work program, employment and pay rolls,
June and July 1940
TABLE 15.—Civilian Conservation Corps—employment and pay rolls,
June and July 1940
TABLE 16.—Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, July 1940, by type of project
TABLE 17.—Construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations-—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
July 1940, by type of project
TABLE 18.—Construction and maintenance of State roads—employment
and pay-roll disbursements, July 1940, June 1940, and
July 1939
TABLE




28
29
29
30
30
31
31

Employment and Pay Rolls

SUMMARY OF REPORTS FOR JULY 1940
Total Nonagricultural

Employment

MORE than 110,000 additional workers found employment in nonagricultural industries between mid-June and mid-July. This brought
the estimated number of workers in nonagricultural occupations to
35,600,000, which was the maximum reached this year and about
1,000,000 greater than in the corresponding month of last year.
Employment on private and public building construction continued
to rise in July, about 75,000 more workers being employed than in
the preceding month. Transportation and public-utility companies
added 30,000 workers to their staffs, the major portion of which gain
was on steam railroads. A net gain of 7,000 workers was reported in
the group of mining industries, and factories added about 5,000 workers to their pay rolls. Seasonal summer recessions in retail trade
activity resulted in a net decline of more than 75,000 workers in
wholesale and retail trade, and a negligible loss was reported in the
group of finance, service, and miscellaneous industries.
The* above summary excludes emergency employment which, as a
result of the following changes, showed a net increase of 16,000: Increases of 68,000 on projects operated by the Work Projects Administration and 34,000 in the Civilian Conservation Corps and a decrease
of 86,000 on the out-of-school work program of the National Youth
Administration.
Industrial and Business

Employment

Increases in employment were reported by 52 of the 90 manufacturing industries surveyed and 9 of the 16 nonmanufacturing industries covered. Pay-roll gains were shown by 45 of the manufacturing and 7 of the nonmanufacturing industries.
The gain of 0.1 percent or about 9,000 workers in manufacturing
industries, while not pronounced, was noteworthy in that factory employment usually declines by about 31,000 workers from June to July.
This contraseasonal gain was due in large measure to continued expansion in the war-materials industries. Aircraft firms took on an additional 5,200 workers in July; shipbuilding companies, 3,900; and




(1)

plants manufacturing engines, 3,000 workers. Machine-tool plants
added 1,800 workers to their forces, and firms manufacturing aluminum products and explosives took on nearly 1,000 additional workers.
Other manufacturing industries stimulated directly or indirectly by
Government or war orders were iron and steel, with an increase of
19,100 employees; woolen and worsted goods, 13,600; shoes, 12,500;
men's clothing, 8,400; and cotton goods, 4,900. The approach of
peak season operations in the canning industry was reflected in the
gain of 32,900 workers, which was less than the usual seasonal expansion. Larger-than-seasonal gains, however, were reported in slaughtering and meat packing (3,700); and book and job printing (2,600).
The increase in factory employment was accompanied by a decline
of 1.4 percent, or about $2,600,000, in weekly factory pay rolls. July
pay rolls are normally reduced by shut-downs for inventory and repairs and the observance of the Fourth of July holiday. The current
pay-roll decline, however, is not as great as the expected seasonal
reduction of 3.7 percent, or $6,900,000.
There were about 90,000 fewer workers employed in the automobile and parts plants in July than in the preceding month, the earlier
change-over for models this year resulting in a sharper decline than
is customarily experienced. Although nearly 14,000 fewer workers
were employed in women's clothing factories in July than in June,
this decline was not as marked as usual for this season. Other
manufacturing industries in which substantial reductions in forces
were reported included newspapers, wirework, millinery, shirts and
collars, agricultural implements, and cigars and cigarettes.
Employment in the private building construction industry increased
5.9 percent from June to July and weekly pay rolls rose 5.2 percent.
The greater-than-seasonal employment increases registered in each
of the previous 3 months were continued, the current month's gain
being slightly larger than the 4.5 percent increase from June to July
1939, and substantially larger than the 1.7 percent average gain for
this month during the 1932-39 period. Employment in July 1940
was 10.7 percent above July 1939, and pay rolls were 13.8 percent
above the level of a year ago. Increases in private construction were
general throughout the country, eight of the nine geographic divisions
reporting increased employment. In the Mountain States, employment declined slightly, following the marked increases in previous
months. General building contractors increased employment by 7.6
percent, while special-trades contractors registered a 3.9 percent gain.
The more pronounced employment gains in the special-trades group
were in plastering, 13.9 percent; tile and terrazzo contracting, 8.9
percent; plumbing, 6.2 percent; structural-steel erection, 14.1 percent;
ornamental metalwork, 7.8 percent; and building insulation, 4.4
percent. Brick and stone contractors reported employment declines




of 4.7 percent; painting contractors, 2.1 percent; and glazing contractors, 4.6 percent. The reports on which the building construction
figures are based do not cover construction projects financed by the
Work Projects Administration, the Public Works Administration, and
the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, or by regular appropriations
of the Federal, State, or local governments.
In the group of mining industries, anthracite and bituminous-coal
mines both reported contraseasonal gains of 1.4 percent. Pay rolls
in anthracite mines, however, declined sharply from mid-June to midJuly, due in part to the Fourth of July shut-down; while in the bituminous mines, pay rolls registered a greater increase than employment,
reflecting increased industrial demands. A slight gain of 0.5 percent
in metal mines, which continued the employment gains of the last 3
months, was accompanied by a 5.1-percent loss in pay rolls, which
occurred principally in the nonferrous mines. Employment in quarries
and nonmetallic mines and in crude-petroleum production remained
virtually unchanged, decreases of one-tenth, of 1 percent being reported in each industry. Employment in the telephone and telegraph
and in the electric light and power industries increased 1.4 percent,
continuing the gains reported each month since the early part of this
year, while the number of employees on street railways and busses
remained unchanged from the preceding month.
Seasonal losses in employment were reported in year-round hotels
and dyeing and cleaning plants, reflecting customary midsummer curtailment. Brokerage houses reduced their personnel by 1.5 percent
while insurance companies reported a small increase in employment,
0.7 percent. In retail trade, the employment decline of 2.7 percent
from June to July reflected the usual midsummer trend. Department
stores curtailed employment by 8.5 percent; women's apparel stores,
15.3 percent; shoe stores, 14.1 percent; men's and boy's clothing, 11.8
percent; and family clothing, 9.4 percent. Among the few retail lines
reporting increased employment were dealers in milk and other dairy
products, automotive supplies, lumber and building materials, plumbing and heating equipment, cigars, drugs, and ice.
Employment in wholesale trade remained virtually unchanged
between mid-June and mid-July, the increase amounting to 0.2 percent. Among the more pronounced percentage increases in employment were 4.4 percent in hardware, 3.7 percent in iron and steel
scrap, 1.5 percent in plumbing and heating equipment and supplies,
1.4 percent in metals and minerals, and 1.1 percent in lumber and
building materials. Increases of 1 percent or less were reported in
such important lines as food, groceries, petroleum products, automotive
products, chemicals and drugs, and electrical supplies. Eeductions
in employment were reported by dealers in dry goods and apparel
(0.7 percent), machinery, equipment, and supplies (0.2 percent),




furniture and furnishings (0.1 percent), while wholesalers of farm
products reduced their forces seasonally by 8.1 percent and assemblers
and country buyers by 10.9 percent.
A preliminary report of the Interstate Commerce Commission
showed an employment gain by class I railroads of 1.5 percent, or
nearly 14,300 workers, between June and July. The total number
employed in July was 1,050,254. Corresponding pay-roll figures
for July were not available when this report was prepared. For
June they were $159,753,638, a decrease of 0.6 percent since May.
Hours and earnings.—The average hours worked per week by
manufacturing wage earners were 37.3 in July, a decrease of 0.7 percent since June. The corresponding average hourly earnings were
66.7 cents, a decrease of 0.5 percent from the preceding month. The
average weekly earnings of factory workers were $25.25, a decrease
of 1.5 percent since June. Wage-rate increases affecting more than
38,000 factory wage earners were reported in July by 223 cooperating
establishments. The industries in which the greatest number of
workers were affected were electrical machinery (11,700), shipbuilding
(2,900), paper and pulp (3,500), steel (2,200), and woolen and worsted
goods (1,700). As the Bureau's survey does not cover all establishments in an industry and some firms may have failed to report wage
changes, the above numbers should not be construed to represent the
total number of wage changes occurring in manufacturing industries.
Of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries for whic-h man-hours are
available, 4 showed gains in average hours worked per week and 6
showed gains in average hourly earnings. Six of the sixteen nonmanufacturing industries surveyed reported gains in weekly earnings.
Employment and pay-roll indexes and average weekly earnings
for July 1940 are given in table 1 for all manufacturing industries
combined, for selected nonmanufacturing industries, for water transportation, and for class I railroads. Percentage changes over the
month and year intervals are also given.




TABLE 1.—Employment, Pay Rolls, and Earnings in All Manufacturing Industries
Combined and in Nonmanufacturing Industries, July 1940 (Preliminary Figures)

Industry-

All manufacturing industries
combined^
_
Class I steam railroads 2
Coal mining: 4
Anthracite 4
Bituminous
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum production.. _
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph 88 .. _
Electric light and power 6 7
Street railways and busses _
Trade:
Wholesale8
Retail 5
410
Hotels (year-round)
Laundries4
Dyeing and cleaning4
Brokerage
Insurance
Building construction
Water transportation "

Employment

Pay roll

Average weekly earnings

Percentage
Index, change from—
July
1940
July
June

Percentage
Index, change from—
July
1940 June
July

Percentage
Aver- change from—
age in
July

(1923-25
100)
99.5
58.8

1940

1939

+0.1

+6.4

+1.5

+4.8

+1.4
+1.4
+.5

+13.7
+7.0
+16.9

-.1
-.1

-5.3

+1.4
+1.4

+3.2
+2.8

+.2

+.7

+2.0
+2.5
-.8
+.3 +2.4
+1.4
-4.1
+1.6
-1.5
+.7 +1.4
+5.9 +10.7
-2.7
-2.7

+3.1

1940

1940

1939

June
1940

July
1939

(1923-25
=100)
96.5 - 1 . 4

+14.3

$25. 25 - 1 . 5

+7.4

(1929=
100)
36.4 - 1 0 . 5
75.5 +2.1
62.1 - 5 . 1

+44.4
+17.0
+28.0

23.52 -11.7
23.65 +.7
27.34 -5.6

+27.0
+9.4
+9.5

+5.9
-4.6

22.63 - 1 . 1
33.92

+5.1

43.3
59.1
102.4
105.5
70.0

-1.3

+.4
+2.3
+.6

78.5
+.1
83.1 -2.0
80.2 - 2 . 3
90.1 -2.5
79.9 -10.8

-3.3

8

+2.0
+5.2

+.5 +.7
+.9 +2.6

+6.0 «31. 75
+4.3 8 34.75 - . 8
+.9 6 33. 58 - . 7
+3.5
+4.5
+1.4
+2.4
+3.7
-.3
+4.7
+13.8

6 30. 41
e 21.68
e 15.54
18.00
20.06
6 36.05
6 37. 39
31.78

0

+1.5
+1.8

+1.5

+.8 +2.0
+.5 +2.3

-2.8
-7.0
-1.8

+2.2
-1.9
+1.3 +3.2
-.6
+2.7

1 Revised indexes—Adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures.
> Preliminary—Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
a4 Not available.
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented in January 1938
issue of this pamphlet.
« Retail-trade indexes adjusted to 1935 census and public-utility indexes to 1937 census. Not comparable
with indexes published in pamphlets prior to January 1940 or in the Monthly Labor Review prior to April
1940.
Revised series available upon request.
6
Average weekly earnings not strictly comparable with figures published in issues of the pamphlet dated
earlier than January 1938, as they now exclude corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose
duties
are mainly supervisory.
7
Covers street railways and trolley and motorbus operations of subsidiary, affiliated, and successor
companies.
8
Less than Mo of 1 percent.
9
Indexes adjusted to 1933 census. Comparable series in November 1934 and subsequent issues of pamphlet.
i° Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
» Based on estimates prepared by the United States Maritime Commission.

261956—40

2




Public Employment
Employment on construction projects financed by the Public
Works Administration continued to decline, with a drop of 16,000 in
the month ending July 15. Wage payments of $7,714,000 to the
76,000 workers employed on P. W. A. projects were $1,591,000 less
than in June.
Contractors on low-rent projects of the United States Housing
Authority employed an additional 1,000 building-trades workers in
the month ending July 15. Pay-roll disbursements of $5,335,000 to
the 51,000 men employed were $380,000 more than in June.
Sizable gains on public road, ship construction, and dredging
projects brought employment on construction projects financed from
regular Federal appropriations up to 318,000 for the month ending
July 15. Pay rolls of $34,647,000 were $2,828,000 more than in the
preceding month.
The number of wage earners on construction projects financed by
the Reconstruction Finance Corporation rose from 2,100 to 2,200 in
the month ending July 15. Pay-roll disbursements totaled $265,000,
an increase of $5,000 over June.
The return of approximately 68,000 persons to jobs on work-relief
projects operated by the Work Projects Administration brought
employment up to 1,651,000 for the month of July. The number at
work, however, was 493,000 less than in July 1939. Pay-roll disbursements of $95,030,000 were $1,515,000 less than in June. The
number of persons at work on Federal agency projects under the Work
Projects Administration fell 4,000 in July.
The number of workers employed on the out-of-school work program of the National Youth Administration declined 86,000 in July.
Because of the end of the school year in June the student work program
was inoperative in July.
As a result of the beginning of an enlistment period, employment
in camps of the Civilian Conservation Corps rose 34,000 in July. Of
the 316,500 on the pay roll, 280,100 were enrollees; 1,600, educational
advisers; 200, nurses; and 34,600, supervisory and technical employees.
Employment increases were reported in all the regular services of
the Federal Government. Of the 1,023,000 employees in the executive
service, 138,000 were working in the District of Columbia and 885,000
outside the District. Force-account employees (employees on the
pay roll of the United States Government who are engaged on construction projects, and whose period of employment terminates as the
project is completed) were 10 percent of the total number of employees
in the executive service.
State-financed road projects showed a seasonal increase of 8,000
in July. Of the 198,000 on the pay roll, 62,000 were engaged in the




construction of new roads and 136,000 on maintenance. Pay-roll
disbursements for both types of road work were $14,696,000.
A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll data for July is
given in table 2.
TABLE 2.—Summary of Employment and Pay Rolls in Regular Federal Services and on
Projects Financed Wholly or Partially from Federal Funds, July and June 1940
[Preliminary figures]
Employment
Class
July

June

Federal Services:
1,023,341 1,011,066
Executive l .
2,783
2,468
Judicial—__
5,985
5,886
Legislative..
515,822
473, 680
Military ___
Construction projects:
Financed by P. W. A.*
76, 042
91, 609
50, 526
U. S. H. A. low-rent housing
49, 743
2,213
Financed by R. F. C.3
2,095
Financed by regular Federal
317, 691 299, 760
appropriations
Federal agency projects financed by
Works Projects Administration.-_ 107, 803 112, 328
Projects operated by W. P . A
1, 651, 407 1, 583, 242
National Youth Administration:
S tudent work program 4 ..
0
314,539
Out-of-school program
188. 029 274, 090
Civilian Conservation Corps..
316, 548 s 282, 896

Pay rolls

Percentage
change

July

June

Percentage
change

+1.2 $154, 741,114 $149,076, 667
+12.8
699, 287
585, 419
+1.7
1. 315, 833
1, 303,166
+8.9
37, 732,671
33, 729,173

+3.8
+19.5
+1.0
+11.9

-17.0
+1.6
+5.6

7, 714,121
5, 335,120
264, 726

9, 305,085
4, 954, 520
259,871

-17.1
+7.7
+1.9

+6.0

34,646,957

31,818, 888

+8.9

-4.0
+4.3

4, 376, 523
95, 030, 429

5,142, 507
96, 545, 418

-14.9
-2.6

0
2,321,283
3, 332, 612
5, 558, 254
14,146, 541 « 13, 421, 374

-100.0
-40.0
+5.4

-100.0
-31.4
+11.9

1
Includes force-account and supervisory and technical employees shown uitfder other classifications to the
extent of 134,071 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $18,137,390 for July 1940, and 131,475 employees
and pay-roll disbursements of $17,406,799 for June 1940.
2 Data covering P . W. A. projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act funds, Emergency
Relief Appropriation Acts of 1935, 1936,1937 funds, and Public Works Administration Appropriation Act
of 1938 funds are included. These data are not shown under projects financed by the Work Projects Administration. Includes 6,606 wage earners and $681,795 pay roll for July 1940; 7,456 wage earners and $716,866
pay roll for June 1940, covering Public Works Administration projects financed from Emergency Relief
Appropriation Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds. Includes 66,769 wage earners and $6,744,740 pay roll for
July 1940; 81,254 wage earners and $8,299,485 pay roll for June 1940, covering Public Works Administration
projects financed from funds provided by the Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938.
3
Includes 1,284 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $168,404 for July 1940; 1,078 employees and payroll disbursements of $162,325 for June
' ' financed by the RFC
"
"
ne 194C
1940 on projects
Mortgage
Co.
* Not in operation during July.
*Revised.

DETAILED TABLES FOR JULY 1940
Estimates of Nonagricultural Employment
TWO sets of estimates of nonagricultural employment have been
prepared. The first, "Total nonagricultural employment/' given on
the first line of table 3, shows the estimated number of persons engaged
in gainful work in the United States in nonagricultural industries,
including proprietors and firm members, self-employed persons,
casual workers, and domestic workers. The second series, which is
described as "Employees in nonagricultural establishments/' does
not include proprietors, self-employed persons, and domestic or casual
workers. Neither set offiguresincludes persons employed on W. P. A.
or N. Y. A. projects or enrollees in C. C. C. camps. The estimates




8
for "Employees in nonagricultural establishments" are shown separately for each of seven major industry groups. Tables giving figures for
each group, by months, for the period from January 1929 to date are
available on request.
The figures represent the number of persons working at any time
during the week ending nearest the middle of each month. The totals
for the United States have been adjusted to conform to the figures
shown by the 1930 Census of Occupations for the number of nonagricultural "gainful workers" less the number shown to have been
unemployed for 1 week or more at the time of the census. Separate
estimates for "Employees in nonagricultural establishments" are
shown in table 4 for each of the 48 States and the District of Columbia
for June and July 1940 and July 1939. Tables showing monthly
figures for each State from January 1938 to date are available on
request. The State figures do not include the armed forces of the
United States nor employees on merchant vessels. Certain adjustments have been made in the United States estimates which cannot
be made on a State basis, and for this reason the total of the State
estimates will not agree exactly with the United States figures even
if allowance is made for military, naval, and maritime employment.
These estimates are based in large part on industrial censuses and on
regular reports of employers to the United States Bureau of Labor
Statistics and to other Government agencies, such as the Interstate
Commerce Commission. Data derived from employers' quarterly
reports in connection with "old age and survivors' insurance," and
employers' monthly reports in connection with unemployment compensation have been used extensively as a check on estimates derived
from other sources, and in some industries they have provided the
most reliable information available.
TABLE 3.—Estimates of Nonagricultural Employment, by Major Groups
[In thousands]

Industrial group

Total nonagricultural employment*
Employees in nonagricultural establishments2
Manufacturing
__
__.
Mining
Construction
Transportation and public utilities
Trade
._.
Finance, service, and miscellaneous
Federal, State and local government, including
armed forces
_
_
_

July 1940
(preliminary)

June
1940

Change,
June to
July 1940

35,593
29,453
9,539
845
1,393
3,022
6,097
4,213

35,485
29,341
9,534
838
1,317
2,991
6,174
4,214

+108
+112

4,344

4,273

July
1939

34,579
28,436

Change,
July 1939
to
July 1940

-77
-1

787
1,388
2,936
5,992
4,174

+1,014
+1,017
+506
+58
+5
+86
+105
+39

+71

4,126

+218

+76
+31

1
Includes proprietors, firm members, self-employed persons, casual workers, and domestic workers.
2
Does not include proprietors, firm members, self-employed persons, casual workers, and domestic
workers.




TABLE 4.—Estimated

Number

of Employees

in Nonagricuhural

Establishments,

by

States
[Excludes proprietors, firm members, self-employed persons, casual workers, domestic workers, the armed
forces of the United States, and employees on merchant vessels]
[In thousands]

Geographic division and State

July 1940
(prelim- June 1940
inary)

Change, June to
July 1940
July 1939

Number

Pe r
nt
Q *: "

+1.9
+3.0
+5.3
+1.9
+2.1
+1.2

New* England
Maine
New Hampshire .
Vermont
Massachusetts...
Rhode Island
Connecticut

2,480
192
131
80
1,285
224
568

2,432
186
125
78
1,259
221
563

+48
+6
+6
+2
+26
+3
+5

Middle Atlantic
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania..

7,628
3,821
1,158
2,647

7,602
3,827
1,151
2,624

+24

East North Central-

6,599
1,735
757
2,214
1,261
632

1,733
762
2,194
1,331
620

West North CentralMinnesota
Iowa
Missouri
North Dakota..
South Dakota..
Nebraska
Kansas

2,339
526
396
757
79
85
204
292

2,339
524
399
759
78
83
203
293

South Atlantic
Delaware
Maryland...
_.
District of Columbia.

3,361
69
507
342
481
368
554
273
454
313

3,348
69
497
335
481
368
556
269
454
319

+13
0
+10
+7
+4

+1.8

0

-.1
-2.1

East South Central..
Kentucky
Tennessee
Alabama

1,328
356
441
352
179

1,316
355
435
350
176

West South CentralArkansas
Louisiana
Oklahoma
__
Texas

1,789
175
363
291

1,780
169

+12
+1
+6
+2
+3
+9
+6
+3
+3

+.9
+.3
+1.4
+.6
+1.6
+.5
+3.6
+.8
+.9

Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
Michigan
Wisconsin

Virginia
West Virginia
N o r t h Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Florida

Mountain
Montana
Idaho
Wyoming
Colorado
New Mexico.
Arizona
Utah
Nevada
Pacific
WashingtonOregon
California

i Less than 0.1 percent.




-6

+7
+23

+.8
+.3

+*6
+.9

-41

+2

-5
+20
-70
+12

+1
+2
+1

-A
+1.8
+2.0

+2.0
+2.1
0)

-.3

+1.8
+1.6
+2.0
+3.1
+3.2

+12
+1

112
32

767
113
85
52
219
70
88
108
32

433
232
1,727

2,365
422
234
1,709

+27
+11

+3.7
+.6
+1.1
+2.6

-2

+1.0

54
226

I
-2

+4
0

+18

7,308
3,740
1,079
2,489

2,324
522
398
755
77
82
201
289

-5.3
+2.0

-1

0
0
-2

2,408
196
130
74
1,266
220
522

6,301
1,655
713
2,101
1,211
621

0

-3
-2

Number Percent-

+.1
-.6
+.9

+2

963
779
114

Change, July 1939
to July 1940

-1.0
-1.9

-1.0

3,258
64
481
319
468
353
553
269
442
309

+72

+2.9

+1
+6
+19

+1.2
+7.3
+1.5
+1.9
+8.7
+4.4
+2.2
+7.3
+6.3
+4.7
+4.8
+6.2
+5.4
+4.1
+1.8
+.6
+.8

+318
+81
+79
+158
+298
+80
+44
+113
+50
+11
+15
+4
-2
+2
+2
+3
+3
+3
+103
+5
+26
+23
+13
+15
+1

+4

-2.4

-.3

+.3

+2.3
+2.7
+1.3
+1.0
+3.2
+7.6
+5.5
+7.4
+2.9
+4.1
0)
+1.8
+2.7
+1.2
+2.5
+2.2
+4.0
+3.3

1,295
348
424
341
182

+33
+8
+17
+11
-3

-1.6

1,778
173
356
294
955

+11
+2
+7

+.6
+1.4
+1.9

+5
+17
+4
+2

+.5

762
110
84
54
220
69
85
110
30
2,331
413
229
1,689

-3

0

+6
0

+1
+2
+2
+61
+20
+3
+88

-.9

+3^8
+3.1
+.7
+2.7
0)
+1.7
+1.9
+5.9
+2.6
+5.0
+1.0
+2.2

10
Industrial and Business

Employment

Monthly reports on employment and pay rolls are available for 90
manufacturing industries; 16 nonmanufacturing industries, including
private building construction; water transportation; and class I
steam railroads. The reports for the first 2 of these groups—manufacturing and nonmanufacturing—are based on sample surveys by
the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The figures on water transportation
are based on estimates prepared by the Maritime Commission, and
those on class I steam railroads are compiled by the Interstate Commerce Commission. They are presented in the foregoing summary.
The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are based on the
3-year average 1923-25 as 100 and are adjusted to 1937 census data.
They relate to wage earners only and are computed from reports supplied by representative manufacturing establishments in 90 manufacturing industries. These reports cover more than 55 percent of
the total wage earners in all manufacturing industries of the country
and more than 65 percent of the wage earners in the 90 industries
included in the monthly survey of the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The indexes for the nonmanufacturing industries are based on the
12-month average for 1929 as 100. Figures for mining, laundries,
and dyeing and cleaning cover wage earners only, but the figures for
public utilities, trade, and hotels relate to all employees except corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are
mainly supervisory. For crude-petroleum production they cover
wage earners and clerical field force. The coverage of the reporting
samples for the various nonmanufacturing industries ranges from
approximately 25 percent for wholesale and retail trade, dyeing and
cleaning, and insurance, to approximately 80 percent for quarrying
and nonmetallic mining, anthracite mining, and public utilities.
The indexes for retail trade have been adjusted to conform in general
with the 1935 census of retail distribution and are weighted by lines
of trade. For the public utilities they have been adjusted to the 1937
census of electrical industries, for wholesale trade to the 1933 census,
and for coal mining, year-round hotels, laundries, and dyeing and
cleaning to the 1935 censuses.
Data for both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries
are based on reports of the number of employees and amount of pay
rolls for the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month.
The average weekly earnings shown in tables 5 and 6 are computed
by dividing the total weekly pay rolls in the reporting establishments
by the total number of full- and part-time employees reported. As
not all reporting establishments supply man-hours, average hours
worked per week and average hourly earnings are necessarily based on
data furnished by a smaller number of reporting firms. The size and




11
composition of the reporting sample vary slightly from month to
month. Therefore, the average hours per week, average hourly
earnings, and average weekly earnings shown may not be strictly
comparable from month to month. The sample, however, is believed
to be sufficiently adequate in virtually all instances to indicate the
general movement of earnings and hours over the period shown.
The changes from the preceding month, expressed as percentages, are
based on identical lists of firms for the 2 months, but the changes from
July 1939 are computed from chain indexes based on the month-tomonth percentage changes.
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY-ROLL INDEXES, AVERAGE HOURS, AND
AVERAGE EARNINGS

The indexes of employment and pay rolls as well as average hours
worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in July 1940
are shown in table 5. Percentage changes from June 1940 and July
1939 are also given.
The employment and pay-roll indexes, as well as average hours
worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for May, June, and July 1940, where available, are presented in
table 6. The May and June figures, where given, may differ in some
instances from those previously published because of revisions necessitated primarily by the inclusion of late reports.
In table 7, indexes of employment and pay rolls are given for all
manufacturing industries combined, for the durable- and nondurablegoods groups of manufacturing industries, and for each of 13 nonmanufacturing industries, by months, from July 1939 to July 1940,
inclusive. The accompanying chart indicates the trend of factory
employment and pay rolls from January 1919 to July 1940.




EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
ALL MANUFACTURING

INDUSTRIES

1923-25=100

IN0EX

, NOEX
140

120

100

J

80

1

E:MPL OYMENT v

ft*

1

i

•J

J

V

100

J1

P

I

v
>

PAY ROL LS

60

80

60

/

40

20

120

1

40

nr\

1919

1920

1921

1922

1923

UNITEC STATES BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS




1924

1925

1926

1927

1928

1929

1930

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

1936

1937

1938

1939

1940

ADJUSTED TO 1937 C ENSUS

TABLE 5.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, July 1940
w

MANUFACTURING

§

llndexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100. New series—adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures for all industries except automobiles, and not comparable to indexes published

in the July 1939 and earlier issues of the pamplet. Comparable series available upon request.]

i

Industry

Index
July
1940

Percentage
change from—
June
1940

All manufacturing..
Durable goods
Nondurable goods.

95.6
103.3

+0.1
-1.4
+1.6

Average weekly
earnings i

Pay rolls

Employment

July
1939

+6.4
+15.2
-.2

Index
July
1940

Percentage
change from—
June
1940

'6.5

-1.4

96.0
97.1

-4.0

+1.7

July
1939

June
1940

$25. 25
28.52
21.87

-1.5

+.2

July
1940
July
1939

+7.4
+9.6
+3.9

Average hourly
earnings i

Percentage
change from—

Percentage
change from—
July
1940

+14.3
+26.3
+3.6

Average hours worked
per week *

June
1940

37. 3

-0. 7

37.9
36.7

-1.9
+.5

Percentage
change from—
July
1940

July
1939

+1.3
+4.8
-1.6

June
1940

Cents
68.7

-0.5

72.7
61.5

-.7
-. 1

July
1939

+4.8
+3.7
+4.6
CO

Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including

machinery
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills...
Bolts, nuts, washers and rivets
Cast-iron pipe
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools
Forgings, iron and steel
___.
Hardware
_
Plumbers's supplies
Stamped and enameled ware
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings.Stoves
Structural and ornamental metalwork
..
Tin cans and other tinware
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws)
_-.
Wirework
_. _
See footnotes at end of table.




+1.5
+2.0
+1.6
+7.0

+32.7
+41.7
+36.1
+13. 9

$28. 89
30.75
25.04
22.97

-1.0
-.1

+19.0
+41.6
+31.0
+13.7
+20.8

23.81
30.90
25.45
25.63
25.93

78.0
81.3
67.6
113.4

+1.8
-1.8
+4.2

+30.1
+11.7
+15.2
+10.3

28.25
25.21
28.87
24.38

+2.8

91.7
140.8

+3.5
-12.6

+27.0
+13.5

24.60
25.96

106.2
119.0
109.1
78.2

+2.4
+4.1
+4.6
+1.8

+18.4
+24.9
+17.4
+4.8

104.3
118.2
113.1
74.9

98.8
67.8
82.9
84.3
152. 4

-2.4
+2.8
+1.6
+1.8

+14.2
+24.5
+20.2
+10.0
+6.1

90.6
77.6
85.7
74.2
166.1

84.2
91.8
76.0
105.9

-1.0

+11.3
+7.4
+10.6
+5.7
+18.0
+8.2

94.0
136.2

+3.5
+3.0
+2.6
-10.5

+4.7
+1.6
+2.1

+12.1
+13.4
+14.8
+8.6

37.2
36.4
36.1
37.9

+4.1
+13.7
+9.1
+3.3
+13.8

38.6
39.4
37. 3
36*6
38.6

+.7

+16.9
+4.1
+4 2
+4.4

39.8
37.4
39.0
39.1

+.9

+7.7
+4.9

-2.0
-2.9

+5.1
+1.4
+1.8
-1.6
-.1

+2.3
-1.0

-3.0
-2.3

39.0 i
37.1 I

-1.5
-3.5

+5.5

+8.5
+13.4
+12.9
+3.9

77.7
84.9
69.5
60.3

+.4
+(2)
+.6

+.2
+.9

+2.0
+9.2

62.4
78.7
68.3
70.1
67.2

+1.1
+1.0
+.4
+.5
+2.3
+1.3
-1.1
-.3

-2.0
-.7

-.5
-1.1

+.7 +5.9
+1.5 +13.5
+.3
+1.7
+1.1
+1.5
-2.1

+1.3

71.1
67.7
73.8
62.7

+.1

+5.6
+2.3

63.1
70.0

-1.6

-.5

+.7

+2.4
-.1

+2.1
+4.5
+1.9
+4.6
+9.7
+4.5
+7.7
+3.2
+2.6
+2.7
+3.7
+2.1
+2.5

T A B L E 5.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing

and Nonmanufacturing

Industries, July

1940—Continued

MANUFACTURING—Continued
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25 = 100. New series—adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures for all industries except automobiles, and not comparable to indexes published
in the July 1939 and earlier issues of the pamplet. Comparable series available upon request.]
Employment
Industry

Index
TnW
July
ly'lU
1QAH

Average weekly
earnings

Pay roll

Percentage
change from—

Index
Julv

Percentage
change from—

1940

June
1940

July
1939

+0.9

+21.3
+15.5
+1.9
+19.6
+74.1
+18.6
+59. 6
+10.6

July

Percentage
change from—

1940
June
1940

July
1939

June

July
1939

-0.4

+10.3
+5.1
+8.1
+8.5
+16.7
+8.5
+16.4
+10.2
-1.8
+8.8
+2.8
+2.0
+2.0
+9.3
+9.2
+7.5
+9.6
+8.2
+12.8
+5.6
+3.2
+10.5
-.1
+5.1

1940

worked
Avera^;eperhours
week
1
Percentage
change from—
July
1940

June

July
1939

40.5
38.3

-0.7

40.0
39.8

-.9
-.8

43.7
40.1
47.6
38.6
39.2
38.5

-.5
-.9
-.8

+6.5
+3.1
+6.7
+5.5
+11.6
+6.2
+13.7
+1.7
-3.1
+7.3
+3.7
+2.6
-.3
+7.2
+5.2
+4.9
+4.1
+2.0
+5.0
+3.8
+2.5
+6.9
-1.4
+2.2

1940

Average hourly
earnings

July
1940

Percentage
change from—
1940

i

Durable goods— Continued
Machinery, not including transportation equipment.
Agricultural implements (including tractors) _.
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies
Engines, turbines, water wheels, and wind'
mills
Foundry and machine-shop products-.
Machine tools
_.. .
Radios and phonographs
Textile machinery and p a r t s . . _ _
Typewriters and parts....
Transportation equipment
Aircraft
Automobiles
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad Locomotives
Shipbuilding

Nonferrous metals and their products
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices
Jewelry
. __
Lighting equipment
Silverware and plated ware
Smelting and refining—copper, lead and zinc...




118.1
130.6
129.6
103.8
167.5
98.0
235.2
143.4
77.0
114.3

-4.9
-.6

+.5
+5.9
+1.1
+2.6
+1.7
-2.5
+3.0

97.6 -13.1
2, 703. 3 +7.3
82.5 - 2 1 . 4
-1.2
50.6
31.1
+6.7
170.1
+4.5
106.9
181.1
129.7

+.3
+2.6
+2.1

90.1
93.2
76.8
63.1
89.0

-1.2

+2.1
-8.4
-7.6

+2.0

o
-5. 2

125.7
148.9

+0.5

135.6
118.1

-1.8

223.8
96.3
308.0
138.5
73.4
116.9

+6.2
+.5
+ 1.7
+3.4
-.9
+4.3

-5.7
-.2

96.2 -19.0
+22.2
+93.2 2,635.4 +4.8
80.2 - 2 8 . 4
+7.9
42.7
-5.7
+58.1
31.3
+8.3
+9.7
193.4
+36.8
+4.1
+17.1 105.8
0
+21.1 194.1 - 5 . 0
146.
2
+24.7
+3.8
+12.9
-1.2
91.1
__ n
75.8
+7.1
7! 9
64.4
+9.0
-8.4
51.2
+.7
86.8
+17.1
+1.3

+33.7 830.23
+21. 3 30.42
+10.2 32.92
+29.7 30.14
+103.1 35.14
+28.7 29.34
+85.8 36.34
+21.9 23.90
-1.8
26.13
+3.1 25.05
+25.6 31.88
+97.0 30.48
+10.1 32.14
+72.8 26.43
+18.2 30.99
+47.0 34.03
+28.4 27.12
+31.1 26.05
+40.7 30.46
+19.2 22.42
+10.5 22.71
+20.4 26.51
23.39
+.7
+23.0 27.29

0

-1.2
—.7

+.3
-.6
—.9

+1.7
+1.6
+1.2
-6.8
-2.3
-8.9
-4.6

+2.9
-.4

0

-7! 4

+1.7
0

-2.7

+.5
-.9

_

ft

36.2
42.0
34.1
35.0
39.1
39.3
38.8
36.5
40.4
37.6
38.1
37.7
36.3
38.2

-.6

+.2
-.5
+2.0
-5.0
-1.8
-8.4
-4.7

+2.5
+.1
-.4

-8.1

+1.4
+.4
-.8

+2.6
-.2

-1.0

July
1939

June

Cents
74.4
79.5
82.7
76.5
80.3
73.0
76.6
62.1
66.8
65.1
89.1
73.8
94.9
75.5
79.2
86.2
70.1
71.4
75.7
59.5
58.1
70.1
64.6
71.5

+0.2
-.2

-.4

+.1
+.5
+.1
+L5
+2.1
_ n
-1.6
-.5
-.5

+.1
+.4
-.7

1

+'.8
+.2
-.4

-2.2
-2.0
-.4

+.3

+2.8
+1.7
+1.4
+3.2
+4.0
+1.8
+2.5
+8.7
+1.4
+1.5
+.6
+.8
+2.2
+1.9
+3.7
+3.6
+5.3
+6.0
+7.4
+1.2
+.7
+3.6
+1.2
+2.8

Lumber and allied products
Furniture
Lumber:
Millwork
Sawmills
_
Stone, clay, and glass products..
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
._ _
Cement
Glass.
Marble, granite, slate, and other products_.
Pottery

- - 1A I

+2.2
+4.0

60.7
74.3

-4.6
-2.2

+4.8

+.6
-7.2
-2.7
+1.4

+6.6

48.8
53.9
71.4
51.8
68.4
106.2
34.2
71.0

94.5
-3.5
+.9
88.0
+2.7 -3.2
70.8
+.9
-4.0
88.0
+1.3 +2.7
74.0
-6.9
+.4
116.1
-2.6
+.3
82.9 +16. 4 -8.0
131.2
+.7 -11.9
66.1
+4.8 - 8 . 4
72.4
—. 5 - 1 . 1
136. 3 +6.5
+.3
60.5
+1.3 -12.6
83.3 +10.0
-3.5
104.9
-4.2
-2.7
103.2
-1.8
+4.7
137.3
-4.6
-7.3
10*. 5 - 8 . 4
-8.3
109.8 + (2)
-11.4
54.5 -17.1
-2.5
110.6
-5.9
-3.9

77.7
76.4
54.0
78.2
69.2
95.0
78.4
129.5
53.8
63.0
117.1
46.6
73.8
75.6
76.7
89.0
99.7
97.7
36.5
87.8

+3.1
+5.4
-1.2
+4.7
+3.7
+2.2
+36.3
+1.3
+6.3
-.9
+9.2
+2.1
+13.0
-1.3
+7.8
-6.4
-8.7
+3.0

+5.5
+7.0

-8.1
-8.4
-6.3

76.4
74.6
76.0

+4.5
+•1

+.4

A

+.7

131.4
142.1
352.8
89.9
146.7
69.2
75.8
78.1
117.6
55. 5
91.4

+14.0
+19.0
+.4
+1.9
+1.0

87.7
62.6
61.5
82.6
64.1
72.0
104.2
47.5
87.3

+1.8
t 7
' 4.

-hi 5
-'.7
-2.0
-2.5

+.8

+3.6
+4.2
-.7
+8.2
-12.3

-2.1
-4.4
-3.9
-6.5

+7.6
+9.2
+7.5
+6.6
+8.3
+11. 6
+.5
+16.0
-14.3
+8.8

19.37
20.28

-4.4
-1.7

21.66
18.02
23.55
20.72
27.12
24.93
25.33
20.53

-1.2
-6.7
-2.4

16.85
16.71
21.11
14.43
18.12
20.05
25.84
17.60
17.37
14.63
19.34
15.82
20.44
17.26
19.35
17.27
16.11
13.87
19.84
12.71

+2.1
+2.6
-2.0
+3.4
+3.3
+1.9
+17.1
+.5
+1.4
-.3
+2.6
+.8
+2.7
+1.5
+3.0
+.9
-.3
+2.9
-6.5

-.1

-1.5
-3.7
-2.0
-4.0

+5.2
+4.9
+2.6
+5.5
+4.5
+7.1
+1.2
+7.2
-2.2
+2.0

37.0
37.1

-3.7
-2.2

39.7
36.4
35.5
37.1
37.9
33.7
34.7
34.6

-1.8
-5.0
-2.2

+1.6
+3.0
-1.9
+5.2
+1.7
-.1
+4.4
+1.3
+3.7
-1.4
+2.5
+4.4
+5.5

33.8
34.8
31. 7
34.9
37.0
36.4
35.9
31.8
35.9
34.3
39.0
34.3
36.4
31.9
32.2
31.6
34.2
31.7
29.2
32.0

+.7
+1.9
-1.9
+2.6
+2.0
+2.7
+12.8
-1.4
+1.2
-.3
+5.4
+.6
+2.7

+7.8
+10.1

-.6

-2.7
-3.9
g
-2*. 3

+•2

51.9
55.0

-.8

54.8
49.6
66.5
55.3
71.5
74.2
73.7
63.7

+.7
+1.5
+2.2
+.1
+4.1
-3.4
-1.8

-.7

+.5
+.5
-1.8

+.1
+.4
+1.2
+.3Q
-.5

+4.5
+4.4
+3.2
+4.7
+3.2
+5.1
+1.0
+3.5
+1.5
+2.9

Nondurable goods

Textiles and their products
Fabrics
Carpets and rugs
Cotton goods
._
Cotton small wares
Dyeing and finishing textiles
Hats, fur-felt
Hosiery
Knitted outerwear
Knitted underwear
Knitted cloth
Silk and rayon goods
Woolen and worsted goods _.
Wearing apparel
Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments
Men's furnishings
Millinery
Shirts and collars
leather and its manufactures._.
Boots and shoes
Leather
Food and kindred products
Baking
Beverages
.
Butter
Canning and preserving
Confectionery
_Flour
Ice cream
Slaughtering and meat packing..
Sugar, beet
Sugar refining, cane
See footnotes at end of table.




___

91.6
90.7

80.1
185.5
147.1
300.4
104.6
179.9
73.6
80.0
92.1
111.1
57.7
101.1

+•1

A

-.5
-.3

+28*. 0 -8.7
-1.5
+4.8
+3.2
-2.9
-.6
+.2
+2.7 +10.4
+9.0
+.8
+2.8
+3.3

-22. 5
-4.7

-1.9
-.3

-5.8

+8.0

-5.2
-2.7
-3.9
-10.6
-4.9
-2.6

+2.7
-9.0
+1.6

-5.1
-2.2
-8.1
-12.0
-7.4
-.4

-3.8
-8.6
-8.9
-7.4

+2.2
+2.2
-1.7
-.9
+1.2
+25.2 -4.6
-4.3
+7.9
+4.9 -5.7
+.3 ; +1.5
+2.5 +7.7
+2.4 +3.5
+3.1 +13.5
-6.1

-.8

+8.0
+11.2
+.3
-2.5
24.33
26.69
+.9
34.45
-5.7
22.93
15.86
-2.'2
18.48
-2.8
25.59
+1.7
29.66
+•1

-1.0
-.3

-3.6
-4.0

+4.7
+2.1
+2.2

19.80
18.75
23.69

-1.2

35.9
35.7
36.7

27.76
24.88
25.45

+1.8
+2.8
-1.4
+.4
+4.6
+2.9
-2.9
+2.0
-2.4
+2.6
+10.0

39.9
41.8
39.3
47.4
36.3
35.7
41.9
46.0
40.3
35.8
39.3

-.2

-6.1

+.3

-.6
-.6

-2.0
-.3

-4.2

+.1
-.2

-8.2
o

-.4

-.5

+.3
-5.5
-.7
+5.0
-3.3
+1.8
-1.7
+ (2)
-3.1
+1.0

-1.4
-3.1
-1.6
-6.2
-4.0
-9.5
-8.8
-5.6
-3.9
-3.4

50.2
48.6
66.5
41.2
49.0
54.6
75.0
55.8
47.2
43.4
48.5
45.8
56.3
53.4
59.8
52.0
47.2
41.8
64.8
40.9

-6.5
-7.1
-4.0

55.3
53.2
64.6

-.5
-.4

62.4
64.0
88.0
47.7
44.3
51.9
61.0
63.5
68.9
72.3
64.7

-4.4
—3.6
-6.4
-3.7
-3.2
-3.9

+3.9
-6.2
-1.9
<j

I-J

-3.0
-1.0
+1.6
+4.2
-2.7
-3.8
-3.1

+8.4
+8.9

+1.4
+.7
-.1
+.4
+1.4
-.7
+3.6
+1.3
+.6
+.6
-2.0
+.2
-00
+2.9
+2.5
+4.9
+.8
+1.7
-5.4
+.8
+.3
+.5
+.5
-2.1
+.6
-.7
+•1
-7.2
+.6
-.2
+1.7
-.2

-2.3
-.7

+5.5
+6.2
+4.8
+8.6
+5.3
+3.3
+5.3
+7.7
+5.5
+8.2
+3.3
+7.5
+6.6
+4.4
+3.9
+3.2
+4.8
+9.1
+5.0
+7.8
+6.7
+7.7
+2.9
+2.3
+2.1^
+1.6
+1.2
-.*3
+.5
+5.0
+.6
-4.3
+1.0

Or

TABLE 5.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, July

1940—Continued

MANUFACTURING—Continued
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100. New series—adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures for all industries except automobiles, and not comparable to indexes published
in the July 1939 and earlier issues of the pamphlet. Comparable series available upon request.]

Industry

Average weekly
earnings

Pay rolls

Employment

Index

Percentage
change from—

July
1940

June
1940

July
1939

-3.9
-3.3
-3.7

-4.6
-5.2
-4.3

Index
July
1940

Percentage
change from—
June

July
1939

62.3
66.5
61.7

-6.9
-1.3
-7.6

+0.8

111.2
127.4
126.4

-.7
_(2)

1940

July
1940

Percentage
change from—
June
1940

1

Average hours worked
per week

July
1940

July
1939

Percentage
change from—
June

July

-3.3

-0.2

+.1

+.1

1940

Average hourly
earnings

July
1940

1939

Percentage
change from—
June

July
1939

-0.5

+5.3
+4.6
+5.5
+2.8
+2.8
+5.4
+ 1.4
+2.5
+3.1
+.6
+5.4
+4.6
+11.7
+2.5
+4.3
+3.3
+2.4
+5.5
+.1
+1.4
+.9
+1.6
+3.3

1940

Nondurable goods—Continued
Cents
Tobacco manufactures

Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuffCigars and cigarettes
.
Paper and printing

Boxes, paper
__.
_ . ___
Paper and pulp
-_
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals
._ _
Chemical, petroleum, and coal products

Petroleum refining
Other than petroleum refining
Chemicals
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and mealDruggists'preparations..
Explosives
Fertilizers
Paints and varnishes
Rayon and allied products.. _.
Soap
-_- --- .
Rubber products
Rubber boots and shoes
Rubber tires and inner tubes..
Rubber goods, other




62.4
56.1
63.2
114.7
116.2
117.0
99.0
113.5
118.6
122.9
117.6
140.4
45.3
113.7
132,7
79.8
124.6
306.9
81.3
83.5
53.6
69.3
137.8

+.2 +4.2
+.7 +5.9
+.6 +10.6
-.1
+1.9
-2.4
+1.4
-.4
+7.3
-.2
+.9
-.4
+9.1
+1.5 +20.0

-11.8
-1.9

-8.1

+4.8
+5.0 +45.6
-9.9
+8.6
— 1.5
+2.0
+.3 +3.3
Q

-.8

+.1 +6.1
- 2 . 4 +18.7
+1.2 +4.1
-.4
+5.4

86.7
106.1
133.5
136.6
132.5
168.9
43.4
124.8
166.8
69.7
132.4
314.7
99.9
85.2
50.7
77.4
131. 9

+.2
+1.8
-3.6

+.2
-.4

+.3
+2.2
-6.2
-1.0

+8.5

-11.1
-2.8

+.1

—. 5

-1.4
-9.7
,o
-'.9

-1.2

+1.2
+9.0
+9.3
+24.9
+1.4
+3.8
+13.3
+3.8
+16.6
+29.2
+4.2
+5.1
+62.3
+9.9
+6.8
+11.1
+.9
+4.5
+19.3
+.4
+8.6

$18.36
19.16
18.19

-3.2

30.12
34.73
28.27
32.45
15.15
24.91
34.43
16.05
29.13
26.32
28.77

+5.6
+4.2
-4.0
+5.6
+4.6
-.9
-.8
+3.1
-.5
+12.8
-.1
+ 1.5
-1.3
+2.4
+.7 +5.6
-.2
+2.9
+.7 +6.9
+•7
+7.7
+6.3 +13.4
+.8
+.1
+3.3 +11.4
—.4
+.4
-1.3
+3.7
-.1
+7.6
-.3
+1.7

27.90
21.81
32.66
23.30

-1.5
-7.5
-1.4
-.5

29.00
21.82
26.48
30.57
37.72

+2.1

-1.5

+.5
-3.4
+3.0

36.8
35.4
36.9

-3.7

38.
39.0
40.8

-.6
-1.7

38.4
35.5

-1.1

38.5
35.3
39.7
40.2
42.4
40.1
40.9
35.2
40.4
38.9
40.4
35.7
35.5
33.8
38.0

-.2

+!4
+.4
+7.2
+4.3
+3.0

+2.3
+.5
+6.8
+.1
+.5
+2.2
+2.0
+2.0
+3.1
+1.9
-1.5
+6.9

+•1

+ 1.1
+ 1.9
+ 1.6

+.9
+.1

g

-2.5
-1.9
-.4
-2.1
-6.9
-1.5
-1.1

-2.0

-2.4
-.3

-5.1

+.2

50.2
54.3
49.4
79.1

+1.4
-.7

-.4
-.3

56.6
64.9

+1.1

81.3
103.3

-.8
-.5

78.3
98.6
70.8
80.8
33.9
61.2
83.9
44.9
72.1
67.6
71.2

+.8
+.5
+1.0
+.3

78.5
61.0
97.1
62.2

+.6

-.5

+.1
+.3
+3.0
+.6
+.3
-.3

-.6

+.4
+.5

NONMANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929=100]
Coal mining: 3
Anthracite 3
Bituminous
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum production
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph *88
Electric light and power * 4 8 6
Street railways and busses _
Trade:
Wholesale * '
Retail < «8. . . .
Food
General merchandising *8_
Apparel fi 8
Furniture 8
Automotive
Lumber 8
Hotels (year-round)
3 4»
Laundries 3
Dyeing and cleaning a
Brokerage*
Insurance 4 .
Building construction

50.8
84.9
70.6
47.9
63.7

+1.4
+1.4
+.5

78.9
92.5
68.5

+1.4
+1.4
~(2)
+.2

89.7
89.4
104.0
90.3
76.4
75.9
86.8
75.7
89.5
102.4
108.0
8
()
(8)
(8)

-!i

-2.7
-.8

-6.1
-13.2
-2.3

+.3
+.8

-2.7

+.3

-4.1
-1.5

+.7
+5.9

+13.7
+7.0
+16.9
+.7

36.4
75.5
62.1
43.3
59.1

+3.2
+2.8

102.4
105.5
70.0

+2.0
+2.5
+1.1
+2.4
+1.7
-1.3
+6.5
+4.8
-.3
+2.4
+1.4
+1.6
+1.4
+10.7

78.5
83.1
96.2
84.5
71.7
67.4
82.9
72.5
80.2
90.1
79.9
8

-5.3

-.8

()
(8)
(8)

+44.4 $23. 52 -11.7
+.7
+2.1 +17.0 23.65
-5.6
- 5 . 1 +28.0
27.34
-1.3
+5.9 22.63 - 1 . 1
-4.6
33.92
+.5
+.4
+.9
+2.3 +6.0 31.75
-.8
+.6 +4.3 34.75
-.7
+.9 33.58
0
+.1 +3.5 30.41
-2.0
+.8
+4.5 21.68
23.64
— 1 +2.7
+.7
-5!4
+.9
+3.9 18.36
-10.8
+2.1 21.70 +2.6
-4.1
+.4 28.64 - 1 . 9
-.9
-.6
+11.4 28.56
+.7
+1.5 +7.2 26.77
15.54
-2.3
+.5
+1.4
-2.5
+2.4 18.00 - 2 . 8
-10.8
+3.7 20.06 - 7 . 0
-.3
-1.8
36.05
-3.3
+2.0 +4.7 37.39 +1.3
-.6
+5.2 +13.8 31.78
-10.5

1
Revised series. Mimeographed sheets giving averages by years, 1932 to 1938, inclusive, and by months, January 1938 to September 1939, inclusive, available on request.
Average hours and average heurly earnings are computed from data supplied by a smaller
number of establishments than average weekly earnings, as not all reportingfirmsfurnish
man-hours. The figures are not strictly comparable from month to month because of
changes in the size and composition of the reporting sample.
23 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented
in January 1938 issue of pamphlet.
* Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not comparable with figures
published in pamphlets prior to January 1938, as they now exclude corporation officers,
executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory.




+27.0
+9.4

ill
+.7
+2.6
+1.5
+1.8
+1.5
+2.0
+1.5
+1.5
+.3
+1.7
+4.6
+2.4
+2.3
-00
+2.2
-1.9
+3.2
+ 2.7

26.3
26.6
38.0
39.8
38.0
40.0
39.1
45.6
41.0
43.0
43.9
38.3
38.5
44.2
47.3
42.8
46.7
43.1
42.5
8
()
(8)

33.6

-9.9
-.6

-5.2
-1.1

+1.6
+1.3
—.4

-1.4
-.4

+.1
+.7

-1.3

+.8
+.2
-.3

+.1
+.8

-1.9
- 58 . 7
()
(8)
-.4

+31.8
+10.9
+4.5
+2.0
+.2
-( a )
+.9
+.2
-.9
8
)
8
)
8)
8
)

(8)

+1.4
-1.5
+.2
(88)
()
+.6

91.8
89.1
72.2
56.8
87.6
79.8
89.1
72.5
74.0
55.3
52.6
47.8
56.2
69.8
60.2
63.3
33.1
41.8
48.6
8
()
(8)

94.7

-0.4

+.5
-.4
+•3
-.8

—.5

+.1
+.4
+.4
+1.0
+.1
+1.9
+1.9

+1.7

-1.6
-.2

+1.1
-.7
-.9

- 18 . 0
()
(8)
-.2

8
Retail-trade indexes adjusted to 1935 census and public-utility indexes to 1937 census.
Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to January 1940 or in Monthly
Labor Reviews prior to April 1940. Comparable series for earlier months available upon
request.
« Covers street railways and trolley and motorbus operations of subsidiary, affiliated,
and successor companies; formerly "electric-railroad and motorbus operation and maintenance."
i Indexes adjusted to 1933 census. Comparable series in November 1934 and subsequent
issues of pamphlet.
8 Not available.
• Cash payments only; value of board, room, and tips not included.

TABLE 6.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing

Industries

MANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100, and are adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures for all industries except automobiles. Not comparable to indexes published in
pamphlets prior to August 1939. Comparable series available upon request]
Employment index

Average weekly
earnings l

Pay-roll index

Average hours worked
per week 1

Average hourly
earnings l

Industry
July
1940
All manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

__

_

._

June
1940

May
1940

July
1940

June
1940

May
1940

July
1940

June
1940

May
1940

July
1940

June
1940

May
1940

July
1940

June
1940

May
1940

$25. 79 $25.43

37.3

37.5

37.2

Cents
66.7

Cents
67.2

Cents
66.9

29.48
21.81

28.80
21.72

37.9
36.7

38.7
36.4

38.2
36.3

72.7
61.5

73.2
61.7

73.0
61.5

28.89
30.75
25.04
22.97

29.30
31.53
25.79
21.80

28.16
29.87
25.07
21.00

37.2
36.4
36.1
37.9

37.6
37.1
37.3
35.9

36.6
35.5
36.5
34.6

77.7
84.9
69.5
60.3

77.4
84.9
69.1
60.5

76.7
84.2
68.7
60.3

92.0
73.4
101.9
72.7
162.1

23.81
30.90
25.45
25.63
25.93

23.63
30.48
25.85
25.70
25.34

23.40
29.90
26.14
25.94
24.67

38.6
39.4
37.3
36.6
38.6

38.6
39.1
38.0
36.8
38.3

38.7
38.5
37.8
37.1
38.1

62.4
78.7
68.3
70.1
67.2

62.0
78.1
68.0
70.0
65.7

61.4
77.7
69.2
70.0
64.3

76.6
82.7
64.8
113.5

74.5
84.0
61.7
100.9

28.25
25.21
28.87
24.38

27.47
25.49
28.56
25.04

26.77
26.35
28.13
24.04

39.8
37.4
39.0
39.1

39.2
37.3
38.6
39.8

37.8
38.4
38.0
38.6

71.1
67.7
73.8
62.7

70.3
68.4
74.1
63.2

70.9
68.8
74.1
62.4

91.7
140.8

88.6
161.0

90.2
169.7

24.60
25.96

24.42
26.48

24.75
26.42

39.0
37.1

38.9
37.5

39.6
37.2

63.1
70.0

62.8
70.7

62.7
71.1

113.9
139.6

125.7
148.9

125.1
157.8

122.3
164.0

30.29
30.42

30.41
30.74

30.11
31.42

40.5
38.3

40.8
38.6

40.5
39.4

74.4
79.5

130.4
103.3

129.0
101.9

135.6
118.1

138.0
118.3

133.5
114.3

32.92
30.14

33.32
30.52

32.58
30.01

40.0
39.8

40.4
40.2

39.7
39.8

82.7
76.5

74.3
79.8
83.0
76.4

74.1
79.9
82.4
75.7

158.1

148.9

223.8

210.7

193.8

35.14

35.05

34.21

43.7

43.8

43.1

80.3

80.3

79.7

99.5

99.4

99.0

96.5

97.9

96.3

$25.25

95.6
103.3

97.0
101.8

96.5
101. 5

96.0
97.1

100.0
95.5

97.5
94.9

28.52
21.87

106.2
119.0
109.1
78.2

103.7S
114.3
104.2
76.8

101.9
109.1
105.8
75.8

104.3
116.2
113.1
74.9

102.8
113.9
111.3
70.0

97.2
103.1
109.8
66.8

98.8
67.8
82.9
84.3
152.4

101.2
66.0
81.6
82.9
152.7

102.5
66.7
95.9
81.8
156.4

90.6
77.6
85.7
74.2
166.1

91.6
74.1
85.8
73.0
162.6

84.2
91.8
76.0
105.9

85.1
92.6
73.5
102.8

85.0
91.1
71.1
95.6

78.0
81.3
67.6
113.4

94.0
136.2

91.6
152.1

92.0
161.1

116.1
130.6

115.1
137.3

129.6
103.8
167.5

Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery
_ __.
_____
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills—
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets
Cast-iron pipe
Cutlery (not including silver and plated
cutlery) and edge tools
Forgings, iron and steel
Hardware
Plumbers' supplies
_
_
PtfiTnpfirl ftTirl fin flm filer) wftffi

Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings
Stoves . .
Structural and ornamental metal work
Tin cans and other tinware
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws)
Wirework___
__.
Machinery, not including transportation equipment.
Agricultural implements (including tractors) __
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
_ ._
._ __
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppliesEngines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills
_




oo

98.0
Foundry and machine-shop products96.9
96.5
96.3
95.8
94.6
235.2
Machine tools
229.1 221.1 308.0
302.9
289.7
143.4
Radios and phonographs
141.0
136.5
138.5
134.0
126.9
77.0
Textile machinery and parts
79.0
82.2
73.4
74.1
77.0
114.3
Typewriters and parts
111.0
113.1
116.9
112.1
114.0
116.6
112.3
115.0
96.2
118.8
97.6
Tra.nsportatio:n equipment
2, 703.3 2, 518.7 2,328. 2 2,635.4 2, 514.0 2, 212. 6
Aircraft..
cf
82.5
Automobiles
104.9
109.8
80.2
112.0
111.1
50.6
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad _.
51.2
55.7
42.7
45.3
49.9
31.1
Locomotives
29.1
28.2
31.3
28.5
26.9
170.1
Shipbuilding
162.8
158.2
193.4
185.8
180.4
106.6
105.3
105.8
103.6
106.9
105.8
Nonferrous metals and their products
181.1
Aluminum manufactures
176.5
172.9
194.1
204.3
201.5
129.7
Brass, bronze, and copper products
127.1
125.5
146.2
140.8
134.2
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices. 90.1
91.1
89.7
91.1
92.2
94.0
93.2
Jewelry.
_
91.2
88.7
75.8
76.3
72.6
76.8
Lighting equipment
83.9
84.1
64.4
70.0
72.4
63.1
Silverware and plated ware
68.3
70.4
51.2
55.9
61.3
89.0
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc
87.2
85.5
86.8
85.7
84.3
68.3
lumber and allied products
68.0
63.6
63.3
60.7
87.7
Furniture
88.1
87.3
74.3
75.9
74.8
Lumber:
61.5
60.7
62.6
48.5
47.8
48.8
Millwork
61.5
Sawmills
61.9
61.9
53.9
58.1
58.3
82.0
Stone, clay, and glass products
82.9
73.4
74.6
71.4
64.1
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
63.1
60.9
51.8
51.1
49.2
72.0
Cement
72.4
70.8
68.4
69.9
69.2
104.2
Glass
104.9
104.4
106.2
111.0
112.0
47.5
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
48.5
49.1
34.2
35.6
38.8
87.3
Pottery
89.5
90.6
71.0
75.8
84.2

29.34
36.34
23.90
26.13
25.05

29.41
36.68
23.61
25.70
24.75

29.29
36.35
23.09
25.71
24.73

40.1
47.6
38.6
39.2
38.5

40.4
47.9
38.5
39.4
37.7

40.1
47.5
38.2
39.6
38.1

73.0
76.6
62.1
66.8
65.1

72.8
76.6
61.4
65.4
65.6

73.0
76.6
60.6
65.1
64.9

31.88
30.48
32.14
26.43
30.99
34.03

34.21
31.18
35.28
27.68
30.12
34.24

32.83
29.69
33.47
28.05
29.35
34.20

36.2
42.0
34.1
35.0
39.1
39.3

38.1
42.7
37.0
36.7
38.2
39.2

36.7
41.2
35.4
37.2
37.4
39.5

89.1
73.8
94.9
75.5
79.2
86.2

90.5
74.2
95.5
75.3
78.9
86.9

90.2
73.2
94.7
75.4
78.5
86.2

27.12
26.05
30.46
22.42
22.71
26.51
23.39
27.29

27.25
28.20
29.95
22.44
23.35
26.38
23.58
27.57

27.02
28.38
29.00
23.25
22.84
27.21
25.06
27.71

38.6
36.5
40.4
37.6
38.1
37.7
36.3
38.2

39.0
39.7
39.8
37.5
38.7
36.9
36.5
38.7

38.8
39.8
38.8
38.9
37.7
38.3
38.6
38.9

70.1
71.4
75.7
59.5
58.1
70.1
64.6
71.5

70.2
71.0
75.5
59.8
59.5
71.5
64.7
71.3

70.1
71.3
75.0
59.7
59.9
71.0
65.1
71.2

19.37
20.28

20.17
20.67

20.22
20.59

37.0
37.1

38.5
38.1

38.7
38.0

51.9
55.0

52.3
54.8

52.1
54.6

21.66
18.02

22.02
19.32

22.02
19.43

39.7
36.4

40.2
38.3

40.3
38.7

54.8
49.6

54.5
50.5

54.6
50.3

23.55
20.72
27.12
24.93
25.33
20.53

24.20
20.74
27.42
25.89
25.84
21.52

24.79
20.65
27.78
26.18
27.84
23.64

35.5
37.1
37.9
33.7
34.7
34.6

36.8
37.4
38.9
35.1
34.9
35.4

37.1
37.4
39.3
35.6
37.9
37.5

66.5
55.3
71.5
74.2
73.7
63.7

66.4
55.1
70.4
74.0
74.4
64.0

55.1
70.6
73.9
73.3

16.85
16.71
21.11
14.43
18.12
20.05
25.84
17.60
17.37
14.63
19.34
15.82
20.44

16.43
16.24
21.55
13.92
17.54
19.67
22.08
17. 52
17.13
14.68
18.76
15.78
19.87

16.52
16.35
21.91
14.24
17.38
19.70
18.98
17.81
17.30
14.82
18.26
16.15
19. 38

33.8
34.8
31.7
34.9
37.0
36.4
35.9
31.8
35.9
34.3
39.0
34.3
36.4

33.5
34.1
32.4
34.0
36.3
35.5
31.6
32.2
35.8
34.4
37.0
34.2
35.3

33.7
34.3
32.7
34.5
35.9
35.6
26.3
32.5
36.0
34.6
36.3
35.1
34.5

50.2
48.6
66.5
41.2
49.0
54.6
75.0
55.8
47.2
43.4
48.5
45.8
56.3

49.6
48.4
06.6
41.0
48.7
54.9
72.4
55.3
47.1
43.0
49.5
45.8
56.3

49.6
48.4
67.0
41.2
48.6
54.9
71.7
55.8
47.5
43.0
48.9
45.7
56.3

Nondurable goods

Textiles and their products
Fabrics
Carpets and rugs
Cotton goods
Cotton small wares
Dyeing and finishing textiles.
Hats, fur-felt
Hosiery
Knitted outerwear
Knitted underwear
Knitted cloth
Silk and rayon goods
Woolen and worsted goods...
See footnotes at end of table.




94.5
88.0
70.8
88.0
74.0
116.1
82.9
131.2
66.1
72.4
136. 3
60.5
83.3

93.7
85.7
70.2
86.9
73.8
115.7
71.2
130.2
63.1
72.8
128.0
59.7
75.7

96.0
87.0
75.7
88.8
76.0
122.6
66.2
133.7
61.6
73.6
127.4
62.1
71.8

77.7
76.4
54.0
78.2
69.2
95.0
78.4
129.5
53.8
63.0
117.1
46.6
73.8

75.4
72.5
54.6
74.7
66.8
93.0
57.5
127.9
50.6
63.6
107.2
45.6
65.4

77.9
73.9
59.9
78.1
68.2
98.9
46.0
133.5
49.9
64.9
103.5
48.6
60.3

CD

TABLE 6.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries—Continued
MANUFACTURING—Continued
Employment index

Average weekly
earnings

Pay-roll index

Average hours worked
per week

Average hourly
earnings

Industry
July
1940

June
1940

May
1940

104.9
103.2
137.3
102.5
109.8
54.5
110.6

107.9
98.6
148.1
111.9
109.7
65.7
115.1

112.2
95.1
162.6
114.4
115.0
74.6
121.2

91.6
90.7
80.1

86.8
84.8
80.1

135.5
147.1
300.4
104.6
179.9
73.6
80.0
92.1
111.1
57.7
101.1

June
1940

June
1940

May
1940

75,6
76.7
89.0
99.7
97.7
36.5
87 8

76.6
71.1
95.1
109.2
94.9
47.1
92.0

81.0
64.6
112.3
116.5
96.2
54.1
101.2

86.8
84.6
80.6

76.4
74.6
76.0

67.0
62.7
75.7

63.6
58.1
76.7

19.80
18.75
23.69

18.17
16.87
23.56

129.7
147.0
301.5
105.0
140.5
74.7
77.6
92.0
108.2
52.9
98.3

121.7
144.8
278.7
99.9
100.1
76.1
78.5
83.8
105.7
47.4
95-2

131.4
142.1
352.8
89.9
146.7
69.2
75.8
78.1
117.6
55 5
91.4

129.0
140.8
375.6
90.8
117.2
72.3
72.3
77.9
114.7
54.2
88.7

121.5
137.8
330.6
84.8
89.5
75.4
73.1
70.1
110.4
49.3
80.0

24.33
26.69
34.45
22.93
15.86
18.48
25.59
29.66
27.76
24.88
25.45

62.4
56.1
63.2

64.9
58.0
65.7

62.2
58.6
62.6

62.3
66.5
61.7

66.9
67.4
66.7

60.7
66.5
59.9

114.7
116.2
117.0

114.5
115.3
116.2

115.0
114.0
115.2

111.2
127.4
126.4

112.0
127.4
126.2

99.0
113.5

97.1
116.2

99.3
117.1

86.7
106.1

85.1
110.1

July
1940

July
1940

May
1940

July
1940

June
1940

May
1940

July
1940

June
1940

May
1940

Nondurable goods— Continued
Textiles and their products—Continued.
Wearing apparel
Clothing, men's _ _
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments
Men's furnishings
Millinery
Shirts and collars
Leather and its manufactures _
Boots and shoes
Leather

_

_
_-

--

Food and kindred products
Baking
Beverages
Butter
Canning and preserving
Confectionery
._
Flour
Ice cream
__
_ _
Slaughtering and meat packing
Sugar, beet
Sugar refining, cane . _ _ _
Tobacco manufactures
__
__ _
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff Cigars and cigarettes
Paper and printing
Boxes, paper
Paper and pulp
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals




31.9
32.2
31.6
34.2
31.7
29.2
32.0

32.5
32.3
32.7
34.0
31.9
31.6
32.1

32.7
31.0
33.8
35.5
32.4
32.3
33.4

Cents
53.4
59.8
52.0
47.2
41.8
64.8
40.9

Cents
51.8
58.1
49.6
46.6
41.1
68.5
40.7

Cents
51.8
57.3
51.2
46.6
39.8
66.3
40.5

17.26
15.65
23.74

35.9
35.7
36.7

83.2
32.3
36.9

30.9
29.5
37.0

55.3
53.2
64.6

55.3
53.1
64.2

55.5
53.3
64.2

25.54
26.57
36.52
23.04
16.21
18.98
25.13
29.63
27.82
26.55
25.37

25.64
26.46
34.68
22.63
17.37
19.46
25.17
29.30
27.43
27.04
23.64

89.9
41.8
39.3
47.4
36.3
35.7
41.9
46.0
40.3
35.8
39.3

40.1
41.7
41.6
47.7
34.3
36.8
41.2
46.6
40.2
37.1
38.9

40.1
41.7
40.0
46.8
34.9
37.9
41.1
46.2
39.9
37.9
37.1

62.4
64.0
88.0
47.7
44.3
51.9
61.0
63.5
68.9
72.3
64.7

64.1
63.9
88.7
47.6
47.7
51.6
61 1
62.5
69.1
74.0
65.2

64.7
63.7
87.9
47.9
50.7
51.5
60.7
63.0
68.8
74.2
63.6

18.36
19.16
18.19

18.98
18.77
19.03

18.02
18.38
17.92

36.8
35.4
36.9

38.1
35.4
38.4

36.4
34.7
36.6

50.2
54.3
49.4

50.5
53.5
50.1

49.7
53.2
49.3

113.1
124.6
124.2

29.00
21.82
26.48

29.27
21.99
26.70

29.88
21.72
26.52

38.4
39.0
40.8

38.5
39.0
41.5

38.8
38.7
41.6

79.1
56.6
64.9

79.7
56.7
64.4

79.4
56.3
63.8

88.4
112.3

30.57
37.72

30.59
38.21

31.11
38.56

38.4
35.5

37.9
36.0

38.7
36.2

81.3
103.3

82.0
103.8

82.1
103.5

$17. 26 $16. 96 $16.97
17.59
19.35
18.69
17.22
18.59
17.27
16.82
16.11 16.16
13.05
13.87
13.48
19.84
21.08
21.40
12.71
12.84
13.43

77.7
98.3
70.2
80.6
34.3
61.1
83.6
44.3
71.7
67.5
71.5

76.0
97.5
68.6
80.3
34.2
60.5
82.5
43.0
71.6
67.3
71.4

36.4
37.3
35.1
37.7

78.3
98.6
70.9
80.8
33.9
61.2
83.9
44.9
72.1
67.6
71.2
78.5
61.0
97.1
62.2

78.0
61.4
96.7
61.9

77.8
61.3
96.8
61.4

29.3
26.8
40.1
40.2
37.4

27.9
27.1
41.2
40.3
38.3

91.8
89.1
72.2
56.8
87.6

92.2
88.7
72.5
56.7
88.3

91.6
88.2
72.2
56.1
87.3

Chemical, petroleum, and coal products.
Petroleum refining
Other than petroleum refining
Chemicals
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal
Druggists' preparations
Explosives
Fertilizers
Paints and varnishes
Rayon and allied products
Soap
:

118.5
122.9
117.4
140.4
45.3
113.7
132.7
79.8
124.6
306.9
81.3

119.0
123.2
118.0
138.3
51.4
115.8
126.4
88.5
126.4
306.0
81.5

120.6
121.8
120.4
136.2
63.8
118.4
118.0
128.8
125.9
304.3
81.4

133.4
136.6
132.4
168.9
43.4
124.8
166. 8
69.7
132.4
314.7
99.9

133.2
137.1
132.0
165.2
46.3
126.1
153.7
78.4
136.2
314.3
100.4

133.5
136.8
132.5
161.9
56.6
128.5
141.2
118.1
136.3
311.4
98.0

30.12
34.73
28.27
32.45
15.15
24.91
34.43
16.05
29.13
26.32
28.77

30.08
34.84
28.09
32.23
14.27
24.71
33.32
15.99
29.55
26.36
28.85

29.73
35.14
27.47
32.09
14.02
24.64
32.80
16.50
29.62
26.27
28.19

38.5
35.3
39.7
40.2
42.4
40.1
40.9
35.2
40.4
38.9
40.4

38.5
35.7
39.6
40.0
39.5
38.3
39.9
36.1
41.2
39.1
40.4

38.8
36.2
39.7
40.0
39.6
39.0
39.7
38.4
41.4
39.0
39.5

Rubber products
Rubber boots and shoes
Rubber tires and inner tubes
Rubber goods other

83.5
53.6
69.3
137.8

83.4
54.9
68.5
138.4

83.8
54.1
69.0
139.6

85.2
50.7
77.4
131.9

86.4
56.2
77.5
133.1

87.1
53.8
79.9
131.3

27.90
21.81
32.66
23.30

28.27
23.50
33.11
23.42

28.39
22.85
33.88
22.87

35.7
35.5
33.8
38.0

36.4
38. 3
34.3
38.2

$23. 52 $26.63
23.65
23.48
27.34
28.95
22.63
22.89
33.92
33.74

$25. 20
23.85
29.59
22.74
34.05

26.3
26.6
38.0
39.8
38.0

NONMANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929=100]
Coal mining:
Anthracite 2
Bituminous 2
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic minings
Crude-petroleum production
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph334 4
Electric light and power
Street railways and busses 3 4 5_
Trade:
Wholesale 3 <s
Retails* 4
Food
General merchandising 3 *..
Apparel 4 4
Furniture 4
Automotive
Lumber 4
See footnotes a t end of table.




50.8
84.9
70.6
47.9
63.7

50.2
83.8
70.3
47.9
63.8

52.2
85.1
69.2
46.9
63.3

36.4
75.5
62.1
43.3
59.1

40.6
73.9
65.4
43.9
58.8

40.0
75.3
65.7
42.7
58.7

78.9
92.5
68.5

77.8
91.2
68.5

77.3
90.6
68.4

102.4
105.5
70.0

100.0
104.8
70.5

98.8
104.2
69.2

31. 75
34.75
33.58

31.54
35.03
33.80

31.43
35.09
33.39

40.0
39.1
45.6

39.5
39.3
46.3

39.3
40.1
46.1

79.8
89.1
72.5

80.3
89.0
72.3

80.4
87.4
71.6

89.7
89.4
104.0
90.3
76.4
75.9
86.8
75.7

89.6
91.9
104.8
96.2
88.0
77.7
86.5
75.1

88.9
91.2
104.3
95.1
87.1
77.7
86.1
74.6

78.5
83.1
96.2
84.5
71.7
67.4
82.9
72.5

78.4
84.8
96.3
89.8
80.4
70.3
83.4
71.4

77.4
83.4
95.2
86.6
78.4
70.8
82.6
70.7

30.41
21.68
23.64
18.36
21.70
28.64
28.56
26.77

30.41
21.51
23.48
18.20
21.15
29.19
28.82
26.58

30.54
21.32
23.38
17.88
20.99
29.04
28.63
26.60

41.0
43.0
43.9
38.3
38.5
44.2
47.3
42.8

41.2
42.9
43.5
38.9
38.2
44.1
47.5
42.7

41.4
42.6
43.1
38.2
38.0
44.0
47.5
42.9

74.0
55.3
52.6
47.8
56.2
69.8
60.2
63.3

73.7
54.8
52.5
46.9
55.2
70.9
60.3
62.6

74.1
54.5
52.5
46.1
54.7
68.9
60.1
62.7

TABLE 6.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing

Industries—Continued

NONMANUFACTURING—Continued
[Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929=100]
Employment index

Pay-roll index

Average weekly
earnings

Average hours worked
per week

Average hourly
earnings

Industry

2 37
Hotels (year-round)
.
Laundries 2
Dyeing and3 8cleaning 2 ...
Brokerage
Insurance 3 8
Building construction 8 .

July
1940

June
1940

May
1940

July
1940

June
1940

May
1940

July
1940

June
1940

May
1940

89.5
102.4
108.0
-1.5

92.0
102.1
112.6
-.2

93.4
99.1
108.7
+.4
+.3
+13.6

80.2
90.1
79.9
-3.3
+2.0
+5.2

82.0
92.4
89.6
-1.6
-.2
+5.0

83.0
88.5
85.4
-1.0

$15.54
18.00
20.06
36.05
37.39
31.78

$15.47
18.51
21.57
36.73
36.90
31.94

$15.36
18.32
21.46
37.42
37.01
31.99

+.7
+5.9

+.4
+5.1

1 Revised series. Mimeographed sheets, giving averages by years, 1932 to 1938, inclusive, and by months, January 1938 to September 1939, inclusive, available on request.
Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied by a smaller
number of establishments than average weekly earnings, as not all reporting firms furnish
man-hours. The figures are not strictly comparable from month to month because of
changes in the size and composition of the reporting sample.
2 Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented
in3January 1938 issue of pamphlet.
Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not comparable with figures
published in pamphlets prior to January 1938 as they now exclude corporation officers,
executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory.
< Retail-trade indexes adjusted to 1935 census and public-utility indexes to 1937 census.
Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to January 1940 or in Monthly




+.7
+19.5

July
1940

June
1940

May
1940

46.7
43.1
42.5

46.3
43.9
45.0

46.3
43.5
44.7

()
33.6

()

()

33.8

33.5

July
1940

June
1940

May
1940

CenU
33.1
41.8
48.6

Cents
33.3
42.2
49.1

Cents
33.1
42.1
48.9

()
94.7

()

94.8

CO
95.5

Labor Reviews prior to April 1940. Comparable series for earlier months available upon
request.
8
Covers street railways and trolley and motorbus operations of subsidiary, affiliated,
and successor companies; formerly "electric-railroad and motorbus operation and maintenance."
«Indexes adjusted to 1933 census. Comparable series in November 1934 and subsequent
issues
of pamphlet.
7
Cash payments only; value of board, room, and tips not included.
8
Indexes of employment and pay rolls are not available; percentage changes from preceding month substituted.
«Not available.

fcO

23
TABLE 7.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Manufacturing
manufacturing 2 Industries, July 1939 to July 1940, Inclusive

1

and Non-

Employment
Industry

1940

1939
Av.

July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July

Manufacturing

All industries

96.8 93.5 96.3 100.2 103.6 103.8 104.1 101.4 101.4 100.8

99.0 99.4

Durable goods 3
Nondurable goods i
Nonmanufacturing

6.1 98.2 100.0 97.4 96.6 96.4 96.0 6.5 97.0 95.6
87.8 83.0 83.9
105.5 103. 5 108.1 110. 2 110.8 109. 2 108.0 105. 3 106.1 105.1 103.0 101.5 101.7 103.3

Anthracite mining«
Bituminous-coal mining 6..
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum production
Telephone and telegraph66_
Electric light and power .Street 67
railways and
busses
Wholesale trade
Retail trade e
Year-round5 hotels 5
Laundries
Dyeing and cleaning 5

50.6 44.7 48.5 49.4 61.9 51.3 51.0 51.5 52.0 52.6 51.6 52.2 50.2 50.8
78.6 79.4 81.4 85.4 93.0 94.9 92.6 91.8 91.7 89.7 86.2 85.1 83.8 84.9
70.3 70.6
66.2 67.7
62.7 60.4 60.4 62.9 65.3 66.5 67.3 66.4
44.6 47.5 48.1 47.9 48.0 47.1 44.0

37.8 38.3 41.0 44.5 46.9 47.9

47.9

67.3
65.0 64.3 63.8 63.1 63.2 63.0 63.2 63.1 63.3 63.8 63.7
75.8 76.5 76.6 76.4 76.5 76.1 75.8 76.1 75.9 76.0 76.7 77.3 77.8 78.9
89.2 89.3 90.0 90.6 91.2 92.5
89.0 90.0 90.6 90.6 90.4 90.3 90.1
69.0 69.1 69.2 69.2 69.5
89.2 87.9 89.0 90.5 92.4
87.2 86.3 90.5 91.7
92.0 90.3 89.8 91.3 92.9
95.99 100.0 99.1 97.8 96.0
101. 3 106.5 102.7 105. 2 105.1

92.1
93.3
91.8
95.1
97.8

69.0
92.2
104. 2
90.8
95.6
97.4

68.8
90.6
87.7
91.3
96.0
94.0

68.7
90.2
87.0
92.1
95.8
93.7

68.2 68.3 68.4 68.5 68.5
90.5 89.3 88.9 89.6 89.7
91.1 89.8 91.2 91.9 89.4
92.0 92.7 93.4 92.0 89.5
16.2 97.2 99.1 102.1 102.4
99.5 104.5 108.7 112.6 108.0

Pay rolls

Manufacturing
All industries....

84.4
3

85.2
Durable goods
97.0
Nondurable goods *
Nonmanufacturing
Anthracite mining » __ 39.5
Bituminous-coal mining»_. 69.9
Metalliferous mining
56.0
Quarrying and nonmetallic
mining
38.7
Crude-petroleum produc61.0
tion
Telephone and telegraph66.
Electric light and power _ _ 100.4
Street 6 7railways and
busses
69.5
Wholesale trade
76.6
Retail trade e
80.8
Year-round5 hotels 8—
81.2
Laundries
_
_ 83.1
Dyeing and cleaning 5
73.6

89.7 93.8 101.6 101.6 103. 7 98.3 97.8

18.2 96.3

96.3 97.9 96.5

97.6
76.0 81.5 87.8 99.6 100.9 104.6 1)872
97. 5 100.0 96.0
93.7 99.0 100.5103.9102.4 102.8 98.4 99.1 99.0 95.4 94.9 95.5 97.1

25.2
40.1 52.2 42.0 26.6 52.5 32.9
64.5 74.6 80.2 97.6 96.3 84.3 87.0 87.0
48.5 53.0 55.1 63.4
65.0 63.6 64.2

38.4 36.3 40.0 40.6 36.4
78.3 72.2 75.3 73.9 75.5
63.2 63.5 65.7 65.4 62.1

40.9 42.9 42.7 45.6 42.9 39.2 29.6 30.8 34.1 38.1 42.7 43.9 43.3
M
59.2 58.4 59.0 58.4 59.0 58.7 58.8
61.9 62.0 60.8 58.8
!.4
6.3
8.1 8.7 98.8 100.0 102.4
97.2 96.4 97.4 97.4
101.1 102.2 102. 2 102.0 102. 5 102.4 101.6 102. 2 102. 3 103.3 104.2 104.8 105. 5
75.8
79.5
79.1
88.0
77.1

76.2
78.0
79.2
85.9
73.0

69.2
78.0
80.9
80.4
84.5
78.3

71.2
80.3
83.2
82.2
83.9
77.3

69.4
79.0
83.6
81.8
82.9
70.8

69.8
79.1
91.8
81.1
83.7

69.0
77.1
79.9
81.1
83.4
65.5

71.5
77.1
79.1
82.7
83.1
64.4

69.5
77.8
82.0
81.8
84.1
72.7

69.2
77.4
82.3
83.2
85.6
79.6

69.2
77.4
83.4
83.0
88.5
85.4

70.5 70.0
78.4 78.5
83.1
82.0 80.2
92.4 90.1
79.9

i 3-year average 1923-25=100—adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures.
312-month average for 1929=100. Comparable indexes for wholesale trade, quarrying, metal mining, and
crude petroleum production are in November 1934 and subsequent issues of Employment and Pay Rolls,
or in February 1935 and subsequent issues of MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW. For other nonmanufacturing
indexes
see notes 5 and 6.
3
Indexes: Iron and steel, machinery, transportation equipment, nonferrous metals, lumber and allied
products,
and stone, clay, and glass products.
4
Includes: Textiles and their products, leather and its manufactures, food and kindred products, tobacco
manufactures, paper and printing, chemicals and allied products, products of petroleum and coal, rubber
products, and a number of miscellaneous industries not included in other groups.
s Indexes have been adjusted to the 1935 census. Comparable series from January 1929 forward are presented
in January 1938 and subsequent issues of pamphlet.
6
Retail trade indexes adjusted to 1935 census and public-utility indexes to 1937 census. Not comparable
with indexes published in pamphlets prior to January 1940 or in MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW prior to April
1940.
Comparable series January 1929 to December 1939 available in mimeographed form.
7
Covers street railways and trolley and motorbus operations of subsidiary, affiliated, and successor
companies.




24
INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT IN PRINCIPAL
METROPOLITAN AREAS

A comparison of employment and pay rolls in June and July 1940
is made in table 8 for 13 metropolitan areas, each of which had a
population of 500,000 or over in 1930. Cities within these areas
but having a population of 100,000 or over are not included. Footnotes to the table specify which cities are excluded. Data concerning them have been prepared in a supplementary tabulation which
is available on request. The figures represent reports from cooperaing establishments and cover both full- and part-time workers in the
manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 3,
with the exception of building construction, and include also miscellaneous industries.
Kevisions made in the figures after they have gone to press, chiefly
because of late reports by cooperating firms, are incorporated in the
supplementary tabulation mentioned above. This supplementary
tabulation covers these 13 metropolitan areas as well as other metropolitan areas and cities having a population of 100,000 or more
according to the 1930 Census of Population.
TABLE 8.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in
June and July 1940, by Principal Metropolitan Areas
Metropolitan area

New York
i.._.
Chicago 2
Philadelphia 3..
Detroit
Los Angeles 4_.
Cleveland
St. Louis
Baltimore
Boston»
Pittsburgh
8

San Francisco .
Buffalo
Milwaukee

Number
of establishments
July 1940

Number
on pay
roll
July 1940

Percentage
change
from
June 1940

14,325
4,383
2,439
1,652
3,025

759,551
461,223
244,496
277,997
184,139

-1.7
+1.0

1,624
1,391
1,147
2,936
1,205

132,437
127,760
118,854
184,522
200,612

1,818
779
1,001

102,490
82,299
102,901

+.4

-13.2
-1.0
-2.2

+.4
+.8

+1.9
+.3

+(77 )
-( - )1 . 0

Amount of
pay roll
(1 week)
July 1940
$21,526,817
13,155,706
6.867,023
9,190,810
5,449,644
3,842,300
3, 212,008
3,080,381
4, 813, 218
5,867,404
3,149,997
2,354,970
2,998,191

» Does not include Elizabeth, Jersey City, Newark, or Paterson, N . J., or Yonkers, N . Y.
Does not include Gary, Ind.
Does not include Camden, N. J.
Does not include Long Beach, Calif.
Does not include Cambridge, Lynn, or Somerville, Mass.
Does not include Oakland, Calif.
Less than Ho of 1 percent.

2
3
4
6
6
7




Percentage
change
from
June 1940
-2.0

+.7
+.3

-16.9
-.9

-4.8
-.1
-.1
+2.1
-.2
-1.8

25
Public Employment
Employment created by the Federal Government includes employment financed from both regular and emergency appropriations.
EXECUTIVE SERVICE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

Statistics of employment and pay rolls for the executive service of
the Federal Government in July and June 1940 are given in table 9.
TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls for the Executive Service of the United States
Government, July and June 1940 l
[Subject to revision]
Employment
Class
July
Entire service:
Total

June

1,023,341 1,011,066

Regular appropriation
E mergency appropriation.
Force-account
Inside the District of Columbia:
Total

873,724
52,022
97, 595

Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation..
Force-account
Outside the District of Columbia:
Total
Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation..
Force-account.

123,259
8,020
7,208

118,178
8,714
6,931

884,854

877,243

750,465
44,002
90, 387

737,873
53,126
86, 244

856,051
61,840
93,175

Pay rolls
Percentage
change
+1.2
+2.1
-15.9
+4.7
+3.5

138,487

July

Percentage
change

June

$154,741,114 $149,076,667
;

135,157,160
6,879,289
12,704,665
24,225,906

129,699,324
7,777,168
11, 600,175

+3.8
+4.2
,

• •

"

-11.5

+9.5

23,245,677

+4.2

20,841, 765
1,349,035
1,054,877

+4.6

m '-8

1

+4.3
-8.0
+4.0

+1.7
-17.2
+4.8

130, 515, 208

125,830,990

113,363,474
5, 651,400
11,500,334

108,857,559
6,428,133
10,545, 298

-9.0

+14.2
+8.7
-

+4.1
+9.1

-12.1

Data include number of employees receiving pay during the last pay period of the month.

CONSTRUCTION

PROJECTS FINANCED BY
ADMINISTRATION

THE

PUBLIC

WORKS

Details concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
during July on construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds are given in table 10, by type of project.




26
TABLE 10.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed from Public Works Administration Funds, July 1940 l
[Subject to revision]
Employment
Type of project

Maximum 2 Weekly
average

All programs..

76,042

63,588

Monthly
pay rolls

$7,714,121

Man-hours Average
worked earnings
during
per hour
month

7,923,640

Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month

$0,974 $13,499,759

Federal projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act
funds
All projects

___

Building construction
Public roads *
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous

3 691

544

$49,507

65, 418

$0. 757

$87,601

413

313
64
57
62
22
26

30,202
3,700
6,960
3,620
1,340
3,685

36,053
5,060
9, 884
6,358
3,331
4, 732

.838
.731
.704
.569
.402
.779

68,518
7,400
1,937
8,586
830
330

___
)

59
98
31
26

Federal projects financed from Public Works Administration
Appropriation Act 1938 funds
All projects

7,422

6,492

$726, 404

803,028

$0,905

Airport construction (exclusive of
buildings)
Building construction
Electrification
Reclamation. __
River, harbor, and flood control
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage.
_
Miscellaneous
Professional, technical, and clerical ...

481
3,918
544
1,375
497
81
189
143
194

472
3 267
500
1 312
423
78
169
135
136

51,418
382,337
43,847
152,316
42, 397
7,777
12, 435
12, 397
21,480

80, 443
362,974
54,297
192,202
50,621
10,361
11, 298
15,133
25,699

1.053
.808
.792
.838
.751
1.101
.819
.836

$723,669
46, 551
385.189
14, 448
204, 803
43,927
19,072
4,893
953

Non-Federal projects financed from National Industrial Recovery
Act funds
All projects

1,976

Building construction
Streets and roads
M iscellaneou s

1,331
384
261

1,083
341
230

$238,169

215,136

$1.107

$319,119

186,666
33,176
18, 327

144, 441
46,018
24,677

1.292
.721
.743

198,197
62,484
58,438

Non-Federal projects financed from Emergency Relief Appropriation
Act 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds
All projects

6,606

5 944

$681,705

869,085

$0.784

$864. 564

Buildirg construction.
Electrification
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
Water and sewerage...
Miscellaneous

684
636
4,330
266
690
0

562
550
3 966
247
619
0

75,039
54, 451
462, 249
32, 826
57,140
0

59,539
64, 411
629,365
37, 811
77,959
0

1.260
.845
.734
.868
.733
0

121, 226
108, 578
524,230
18,002
76,600
15,928

See footnotes at end of table.




27
TABLE 10.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed from Public Works Administration Funds* July 1940 1—Continued
[Subject to revision]
Employment
Type of project

Weekly
Maximum 2 average

Monthly
pay rolls

Man-hours
worked Average
during
earnings
month
per hour

Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month

Non-Federal projects financed from Public Works Administration
Appropriation Act 1938 funds
All projects
Building construction
Electrification
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous

._

_

59,347

48,954

$6,018, 336

5,970,973

16, 271
1,077
13,997
376
19
15, 408
12,192
7

13, 241
772
11,609
333
13
12,806
10,175
5

1,613, 449
105,430
1, 595, 333
40, 525
1,205
1, 337, 669
1,324,124
601

1,377,446
99,324
1,456,639
47,083
1,114
1,661,046
1, 327, 807
514

$1.008
1.171
1.061
1.095
.861
1.082
.805
.997
1.169

$11,504,806
2,568,939
295, 808
2,023, 829
26,800
15,046
2, 400,982
2,463, 509
1, 709,893

1
2

Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work.
3
Includes weekly average for public roads.
4
Under the jurisdiction of the Public Roads Administration.
5
Not available: weekly average included in total for all projects.

UNITED STATES HOUSING AUTHORITY

Table 11 shows data concerning employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked in July 1940 on low-rent projects of the United States
Housing Authority.
TABLE 11.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Low-Rent Housing Projects Operated by the
United States Housing Authority, July 1940
[Subject to revision]
Employment
Geographic division
Maximum J Weekly
average
All divisions
New England
Middle Atlantic
East North Central
West North Central
South Atlantic . .

_

_ -

..

East South Central
West South Central
Mountain
Pacific
Outside continental United States..
1

Monthly
pay rolls

Manhours
worked
during
month

Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month

50,526

43,325

$5,335,120

5,530,107

$0.965

$7,031,843

4,968
10,767
5,489
522
12,503

4.469
9,135
4,756
461
10,391

681,375
1,361,825
745,085
52,165
1,017,757

597,093
1,061,772
631,088
58,589
1, 359, 279

1.141
1.283
1.181
.890
. 749

857,317
1,891,542
850,453
93,051
1, 567,162

8,277
5,263
381
1,553
803

7,096
4,570
338
1,426
683

735, 975
449,460
48,124
212, 417
30, 937

920, 209
559, 786
41,400
204,864
96,027

.800
.803
1.162
1.037
.322

855,054
500,681
140,349
239,800
36,434

Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month.




Average
earnings
per hour

28
WORK PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM

A record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
projects financed by the Work Projects Administration in July is
shown in table 12, by type of project.
TABLE 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Work Projects

Administration, July 1940
[Subject to revision]
Employment
Type of project

Maximum

Weekly
average

Monthly
pay rolls

Value of
Man-hours Average material
worked
orders
earnings placed
during
per hour during
month
month

Projects operated by Federal Agencies
All projects
Airport construction (exclusive of
buildings)
Building construction
Electrification
Forestry
Grade-crossing elimination *
Hydroelectric power plants 3
Plant, crop, and livestock conservation
Professional, technical,
and clerical. _.
Public roads2
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous

107,803

102,313

7,369
40,306
106
15,251
241

6,839
37,175
101
15, 249
192

$4,376,523
90,622
1, 536,104
2,853
693,899
15, 739

$0,404

$714, 599

415, 789
3,656,816
6,563
1, 763, 201
26,270

.218
.420
.435
.394
.599

3,210
225, 745
155
101, 402
24, 931

10,845,286

1,178

1,173

48,905

201, 730

.242

20,000

12, 651
4,807
245
16, 762

12, 524
4,662
181
16,100

624,552
335,329
11, 705
705, 977

1,405,786
576, 699
20,944
1,840,288

.444
.581
.559
.384

62,032
70,454
3,988
122, 755

1,205
2,094
848
4,740

1,006
1,861
774
4,476

61,870
77, 405
20, 278
151,285

116, 688
228, 596
93, 438
492,478

.530
.339
.217
.307

14, 448
15,795
7,874
41,810

Projects operated by Work Projects Administration 4
All projects

5

1,651, 407

$95,030,429 207,734, 571

0.457

1
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month on Federal projects by each contractor and
Government
agency doing force-account work.
2
Projects under the jurisdiction of the Public Roads Administration.
3
Projects
under
construction in Puerto Rico.
4
Data are for the calendar month. Will be published by type of project in August pamphlet.
8
Represents
number
of names on pay roll as of July 31,1940.
8
Date on a monthly basis are not available.

A record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects operated by the Work Projects Administration in June is shown
in table 13, by type of project.




29
TABLE 13.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Operated by the Work Projects
Administration, by Type of Project, June 1940
[Subject to revision]
Employment l

Type of project

Pay rolls

Man-hours
worked

Average
earnings
per hour

1,583,242 $96, 545, 418 213,994, 961

All projects .
Conservation
Highway, road, and street
Professional, technical, and clerical-..
Public buildings
Publicly owned or operated utilities..

39, 578
673,036
280, 325
143, 952
157,921

Recreational facilities
Sanitation and health
Sewing, canning, and gardening, etc...
Transportation
Not elsewhere classified

90, 224
24,067
110, 367
22,174
41, 598

2,602,145
37, 562,001
19,751,011
8,952,623
9, 644,053

$0.451

5,902, 971
90,904,827
38,365,523
18,093,057
20,792,209

.441
.413
.515
.495
.464

5, 589,499 11,579,676
1,380,094
3,329,044
6, 564, 933 16,500, 209
1,339, 719
2, 734,036
3,159,340
5, 703,409

.483
.415
.396
.490
.554

i As of June 26,1940.

NATIONAL YOUTH ADMINISTRATION

Employment and pay rolls on the National Youth Administration
projects for July and June 1940 are shown in table 14.
TABLE 14.—Employment and Pay Rolls on National Youth Administration Projects,
July and June 1940
[Subject to revision]
Employment

Pay rolls

Type of project

Total

_.

Student work program J
Out-of-school work program
1

July

June

188,029

588,629

0
188,029

314, 539
274,098

July
$3,332,612

June
$7,879,537

~~2,321,283
3,332,612
5,558,254

Not in operation during July.

CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS

Employment and pay rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps in
July and June 1940 are presented in table 15.




30
TABLE 15.—Employment and Pay Rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps, July and
June 1940 *
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees

Amount of pay rolls

Group

June

July

All groups
Enrolled personnel 3
Nurses *
Educational advisers 4
Supervisory and technical 4

_

June

July

316, 548

2 282,896

$14,146,541

2 $13,421,374

280,072
222
1,560
34,694

244,596
231
1,546
2 36, 523

8, 713,816
29,629
259, 592
5,143, 504

7,614,750
31,163
260,048
2 5, 515, 413

1 Employment figure is monthly average for enrolled personnel, and number employed on last day of
month
for other groups.
2
Revised.
3
July data include 3,531 enrollees and pay roll of $69,171 outside continental United States; in June the
corresponding
figures were 3,678 enrollees and pay roll of $77,774.
4
Included in executive service, table 9.

CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY RECONSTRUCTION
FINANCE CORPORATION

Statistics of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation in July are presented in table 16, by type of project.
TABLE 16.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation, by Type of Project, July 1940 1
[Subject to revision]

Type of project

Employment 2

Monthly
pay rolls

Man-hours
worked
during
month

Average
earnings
per hour

Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month

All projects

2,213

$264,726

241,246

$1.097

$350, 596

Building construction 3_
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage

2,014
50
149

235,762
3,920
25,044

211,345
4,171
25, 730

1.116
.940
.973

247,204
10, 301
93, 091

* Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor.
»Includes 1,284 employees; pay-roll disbursements of $168,404; 134,022 man-hours worked; and material
orders placed of $138,166 on projects financed by R F C Mortgage Co.

CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED FROM REGULAR FEDERAL
APPROPRIATIONS

Data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations
during July are given in table 17, by type of project.




31
TABLE 17.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction Projects Financed from Regular
Federal Appropriations, by Type of Project, July 1940 1
[Subject to revision]
Employment
Type of project

All projects
Building construction
.
Electrification:
Rural Electrification
Administration projects 4
Other than R. E. A. projects
Forestry
Heavy engineering
Public roads 5
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control:
Dredgings, dikes, revetments, etc.
Locks and dams
Ship construction:
Naval vessels
Other than naval vessels. _ Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous

Monthly
pay rolls

Value of
Man-hours Average material
worked earnings
orders
during
durmonth per hour placed
ing month

Maximum 2

Weekly
average

3 317,691

300,560 $34,646,957 44,798,981

27, 302

22,581

6,975
489
15
140
6
()
24,838

5,903
387
15
127
101,481
23,843

31,340
7,557

27,768
6,728

77,854
25,794
2,824
256
10,826

75,435
23,172
2,523
197
10,400

$0,773 $46,015,449

2, 655,929

.965

4,459,094

752,425
425,458
37,959
26,870
1.840
846
19,250
25,354
9,869,039 15,144,153
3,353,242 3, 666, 990

.565
.708
.460
1.317
.652
.914

1,844,575
42,882
5
13, 709,338
7, 375,638

4,460,082
1,075, 579

.844

3, 289,698
1,060, 353

2,561, 797

3,080,038
907,924

11,082, 833 12,586, 767
2, 528,836 3,020,445
323,641
216,354
20,933
26,477
547,433 1,027,444

.881
.837
.791
.533

10,190,853
2, 379, 793
245,008
36,574
1,381, 638

1
2

Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency
doing force-account work.
3
Includes weekly average for public-road projects.
* Financed by Rural Electrification Administration loans.
« Under the jurisdiction of the Public Roads Administration.
6
Not available; weekly average included in the total for all projects.

STATE-ROADS PROJECTS

A record of employment and pay-roll disbursements on the construction and maintenance of roads financed wholly from State or local
funds in July 1940, compared with June 1940, and July 1939, is
presented in table 18.
TABLE 18.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction and Maintenance of State
Roads, July 1940, June 1940, and July 1939 1
[Subject to revision]
Employment 3

Pay rolls

Item
June
1940

July
1939

July
1940

June
1940

July
1939

Total

197,950

189,730

146,202 $14,696,498 $13,450,050

$10,521,530

New roads
Maintenance

61,705
136,245

55,679
134,051

20,045
126,157

3,555,180
9,894,870

1,310,890
9,210,640

July
1940

3,984,957
10,711,541

1
Projects financed wholly from State or local funds. July and June 1940 data are for the calendar month;
July
1939 for the month ending on the 15th.
8
Average number working during month,




O