Full text of Employment and Payrolls : February 1938
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Serial No. R. 730
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Isador Lubin, Commissioner
•#•##############################•#########*
EMPLOYMENT
AND PAY ROLLS
Prepared by
DIVISION OF EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
Lewis E. Talbert, Chief
and
DIVISION OF CONSTRUCTION AND
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
Herman B. Byer, Chief
FEBRUARY 1938
**###+#+######++##+####+###+#####+###++++#####+##+####+#+####++#++####
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON
1938
CONTENTS
Page
Summary of employment reports for February 1938:
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
Detailed reports for February 1938:
Industrial and business employment
Public employment
1
4
7
22
Tables
TABLE 1.—All manufacturing industries combined and nonmanufacturing
industries—employment, pay rolls, and weekly earnings,
February 1938
TABLE 2.—Federal employment and pay rolls—summary, February 1938_
TABLE 3.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, February 1938
TABLE 4.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, December 1937
through February 1938
TABLE 5.—All manufacturing industries combined.and the durable- and
nondurable-goods groups—indexes of employment and pay
rolls, January 1937 to February 1938
TABLE 6.—Selected nonmanufacturing industries—indexes of employment and pay rolls, January 1937 to February 1938
TABLE 7.—Geographic divisions and States—comparison of employment
and pay rolls in identical establishments in January and
February 1938
TABLE 8.—-Principal metropolitan areas—comparison of employment and
pay rolls in identical establishments in January and
February 1938
TABLE 9.—Executive service of the Federal Government—employment
and pay rolls in January and February 1938
TABLE 10.—Executive service of the Federal Government—monthly
record of employment from February 1937 to February
1938, inclusive
TABLE 11.—Construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
February 1938, by type of project.
TABLE 12.—Construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds—summary of employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked, from July 1933 to February 1938, inclusive. _
TABLE 13.—Projects financed by The Works Program—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked, February 1938, by type of
project
(Hi)
4
6
8
12
18
18
20
22
23
24
24
26
27
IV
Page
TABLE 14.—Projects finaced by The Works Program—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked from the beginning of the
program in July 1935 to February 1938, inclusive
TABLE 15.—National Youth Administration work projects and Student
Aid financed by The Works Program—employment, pay
rolls, and man-hours worked from the beginning of the
programs to February 1938, inclusive
TABLE 16.—Civilian Conservation Corps—employment and pay rolls,
January and February 1938
TABLE 17.—Civilian Conservation Corps—employment and pay rolls, from
February 1937 to February 1938, inclusive
TABLE 18.—Construction projectsfinancedby the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, February 1938, by type of project
TABLE 19.—Construction projectsfinancedby the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation—summary of employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked, from April 1934 to February 1938, inclusive.
TABLE 20.—Construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
February 1938, by type of project
TABLE 21.—Construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
from August 1934 to February 1938, inclusive
TABLE 22.—Construction and maintenance of State roads—employment
and pay-roll disbursements, from February 1937 to February 1938, inclusive
28
29
29
30
30
31
32
32
33
Employment and Pay Rolls
SUMMARY OF REPORTS FOR FEBRUARY 1938
THERE was a further employment decline in February in the manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries surveyed monthly by
the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. The estimated reduction in the number of workers employed in these industries was
113,000. Weekly pay rolls were estimated as being $600,000 larger
than in January.
Comparisons with February 1937 showed estimated decreases in
these industries of 1,650,000 in the number of workers employed
and $48,200,000 in weekly pay rolls.
Class I railroads employed 927,435 workers in February, exclusive
of executives, officials, and staff assistants, according to a preliminary
report by the Interstate Commerce Commission. This represented
a reduction of 2.1 percent or 19,725 employees.
Employment in the military service of the Federal Government
was greater in February than in the preceding month, while employment in the executive and legislative services decreased, and in the
judicial service remained virtually the same. An increase in the
employment level occurred on projects operated by the Works
Progress Administration and on work projects of the National Youth
Administration. Decreases in the number of workers employed
occurred on P. W. A. construction projects, projects financed from
regular Federal appropriations, projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, and on Federal projects under The Works
Program. There was a decrease in the number of workers in the
Civilian Conservation Corps.
Industrial and Business Employment
Employment gains between January and February were reported
by 45 of the 89 manufacturing industries surveyed monthly and by
2 of the 16 nonmanufacturing industries covered. Pay-roll increases
were shown by 57 of the manufacturing and by 4 of the nonmanufacturing industries.
For manufacturing as a whole there was virtually no change in
employment and a gain of 2.2 percent or $3,200,000 in weekly wages.
This gain was, however, less than the usual seasonal increase for
(l)
February. The gain in pay rolls reflected an increase in working
time following customary shut-downs for holidays, inventory taking,
and repairs.
The increases were more evident in the nondurable-goods group of
industries than in the durable-goods group. Of the 45 durable-goods
industries covered, 15 showed employment gains and 24 showed payroll increases, the group as a whole falling off 2.4 percent (79,200
workers) in employment and 0.2 percent ($100,000) in weekly pay
rolls. The nondurable-goods group advanced 2.1 percent (78,300
workers) in employment and 4.5 percent ($3,300,000) in weekly pay
rolls with 30 of the 44 industries covered showing more workers
on their rolls and 33 paying out more in weekly wages.
Marked increases in employment, which were primarily seasonal,
were recorded for the following manufacturing industries: Men's
furnishings (17.9 percent), shirts and collars (16.1 percent), stoves
(15.8 percent), cigars and cigarettes (15.0 percent), men's clothing
(14.2 percent), fertilizers (13.1 percent), women's clothing (12.3
percent), millinery (11.3 percent), marble, granite, and slate (10.0
percent), carpets and rugs (8.4 percent), boots and shoes (4.9 percent),
millwork (4.7 percent), rayon and allied products (4.4 percent), and
knit goods (4.4 percent).
Employment declines were more in evidence among the durablegoods industries, notably locomotives (8.2 percent), wirework (6.7
percent), electrical machinery (6.3 percent), steam-railroad repair
shops (6.0 percent), smelting and refining (5.3 percent), electric- and
steam-railroad car building (5.2 percent), automobiles (4.5 percent),
hardware (4.5 percent), shipbuilding (4.0 percent), textile machinery
(4.0 percent), machine tools (4.0 percent), structural metalwork (4.0
percent), foundries and machine shops (3.5 percent), and blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills (1.9 percent).
Two of the nonmanufacturing industries surveyed, anthracite mining
and year-round hotels, showed small employment increases over the
month. The remaining 14 industries had fewer employees on their
rolls in February than in January. For wholesale trade, there was a
seasonal decline of 0.7 percent, the largest reductions in number of
workers having been made by firms dealing in farm products (5.6
percent), hardware (1.4 percent), paper and paper products (1.7 percent), food products (0.8 percent), and groceries (0.5 percent).
Retail stores reported a reduction of 1.8 percent in the number of
employees since January 15 and a 2.3-percent decline in weekly pay
rolls. These declines were somewhat larger than seasonal. Retail
dealers in farmers' supplies reported gains of 3.1 percent in employment and 2.9 percent in pay rolls. For the remaining lines of retail
trade employment recessions were widespread.
Metalliferous mines laid off 6.0 percent of their employees between
January and February, indicating reduced operations, which were due
in part to declines in the prices of certain metals, and continuing the
recession which began in October.
Employment in building construction (excluding projects financed
from public funds) fell 4.8 percent and pay rolls dropped 4.7 percent.
These declines, based on reports from 11,317 firms, were somewhat
smaller than is usual for this time of year.
The remaining 10 nonmanufacturing industries showed employment declines ranging from 0.1 to 2.7 percent.
A preliminary tabulation by the Interstate Commerce Commission
showed 927,435 employees, exclusive of executives, officials, and staff
assistants, working for class I railroads in February. This number was
19,725, or 2.1 percent lower than the January figure. February payroll totals were not available when this report was prepared. For
January the wage disbursements were $142,328,575, a decrease since
December of 5.8 percent, or $8,697,007.
Hours and earnings.—The average hours worked per week by factory
wage earners were 34.3 in February, an increase of 3.2 percent since
January. Average hourly earnings fell 0.9 percent to 65.7 cents, but
average weekly earnings advanced 2.3 percent to $23.33 because of the
longer hours worked. Wage-rate reductions affecting more than
40,000 wage earners were reported by approximately 100 of the 25,000
manufacturing establishments that report monthly employment
statistics to this Bureau. About two-thirds of the employees affected
were in cotton mills and most of the remainder were in plants manufacturing silk and rayon goods, woolen and worsted goods, knit goods,
shoes, and rubber goods, and in dyeing and finishing textile
establishments.
Of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries for which man-hour data
are available, 10 reported gains since January in the average number
of hours worked per week and 7 reported higher hourly earnings.
Ten of the sixteen nonmanufacturing industries covered reported
higher weekly earnings.
Previous to January 1938, the wording of the definition on the
schedules for public utilities, wholesale and retail trade, hotels, and
brokerage and insurance firms called for the inclusion of highersalaried employees such as corporation officers, executives, and others
whose duties are mainly supervisory. These employees have, for the
most part, always been excluded from employment reports for other
industries, and beginning with that month it was requested that they
be omitted also for the industries named above. For this reason,
the average hours worked per week, average hourly earnings, and
average weekly earnings for these industries are not comparable with
the figures appearing in issues of this pamphlet dated earlier than
January 1938.
The following table presents employment and pay-roll indexes and
average weekly earnings in February 1938 for all manufacturing industries combined, for selected nonmanufacturing industries, and for
class I railroads, with percentage changes over the month and year
intervals except in the few industries for which data are not available.
TABLE 1.—Employment,
Pay Rolls, and Earnings in All Manufacturing Industries
Combined and in Nonmanufacturing Industries, February 1938
Employment
Industry
All manufacturing industries
combined1
Class I steam railroads 2
Coal mining:
Anthracite *4
Bituminous
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic
mining
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph
Electric light and power and
manufactured gas
Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and maintenance
Trade:
Wholesale
Retail
General merchandising
Other than general merchandising
Hotels (year-round)46
Laundries4
Dyeing and cleaning4
Brokerage
_
Insurance
Building construction
Average weekly
earnings
Pay roll
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
change from—
change from—
change from—
Index.
Index,
Average
FebFebin February Janu- Feb- ruary Janu- Feb- ruary Janu- Feb1938
ary ruary
ary ruary
ary ruary
1937
1937
1938
1938
1937
(192325=
100)
82.2
-17.0
52.6
-2.0
+.7
-1.4
-6.0
-5.6
-8.9
-8.9
-1.3
-18.1
-23.6
$22.33
(1929=
100)
46.1 - 1 . 0
74.0 +5.3
55.9 - 5 . 0
-23.2
-11.7
+3.4
24.86
20.59
27.48
+2.3
-8.0
-14.3
(1929"
100)
60.0
95.4
63.4
(192326=
100)
73.2 +2.2
38.2
74.6
+1.4
+1.3
+.7
28.9
69.4
+2.6
+1.9
-23.6
19.19
34.43
89.5
-4.5
-.4
+8.9
+5.2
5 30.19
98.5
+8.3
-1.6
+9.6
+6.9
+1.1
+4.0
+2.8
-1.9
+.8
-15.8
-3.0
-6.7
+6.8
+7.5
+4.5
75.7
-2.7
92.9
-1.2
71.1
-1.6
-1.9
70.5
-.5
+2.6 5 32. 23 +1.1
+4.7
-.7
-1.8
-2.0
-1.8
-3.1
-4.5
75.3
68.5
81.5
-.2
+1.6
+.9
5 29.08 +.5
5 21.63 - . 5
« 18.50 - 1 . 8
+3.5
+4.0
+2.9
-1.7
-2.6
-1.1
-1.3
-2.3
-.1
-4.8
-2.8
-2.7
-14.8
65.8
83.5
79.1
65.0
-.3
« 15.16 +2.3
16.96
-.2
18.98
+.9
5 36.11 - . 1
5 36.29 - 1 . 9
28.56
+4.2
+5.8
+4.1
+5.0
-3.2
-7.0
+4.8
+.1
+.5
+2.0
-19.8
-2.3
-3.7
-2.0
+2.4
-1.3
-.5
-2.3
-2.0
-4.7
-1.7
+1.5
+6.4
+1.2
+2.2
-17.5
-5.1
-16.0
« 33. 60
s 24.03
i Revised indexes. Adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures.
* Preliminary. Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
*Not available.
4
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented in January 1938
issue of this pamphlet.
»Average weekly earnings not strictly comparable withfigurespublished in issues of this pamphlet dated
earlier than January 1938, as they now exclude corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose
duties are mainly supervisory.
e Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
i Less than Mo of 1 percent.
Public Employment
In the period from mid-January to mid-February, approximately
92,000 employees were working on P. W. A. construction projects.
This was a decline of 5,000 from the preceding month. Of the total
number of employees 24,000 were working on Federal and non-Federal
projects financed from N. I. R. A. funds and 68,000 on projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds. Pay-roll disbursements on all P. W. A. projects totaled $7,282,000.
During the period ending in mid-February 145,000 employees were
working on construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations, the lowest employment level on these projects since April
1937. When compared with January, this was a decrease of slightly
more than 9,000. Decreases in employment were shown on all types
of projects with the exception of residential building construction and
ship construction other than naval vessels. Pay-roll disbursements
amounted to $14,017,000 and were $1,689,000 less than in the preceding month.
Approximately 3,500 men were at work on construction projects
financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation during the period
from mid-January to mid-February. All types of projects registered
decreases in the number working. Pay-roll disbursements for the
period amounted to $514,000.
With a net increase of 172,000 workers on projects of the The Works
Program in February, employment on this program, exclusive of
Student Aid, amounted to $2,372,000. Of this number 147,000 were
at work on Federal projects under The Works Program, 2,074,000 on
projects operated by the Works Progress Administration, and 151,000
on work projects of the National Youth Administration. Beginning
with February and for each month hereafter, data for Student Aid
will be shown in the report for the following month. Exclusive of
Student Aid, pay rolls on The Works Program totaled $112,089,000
in February.
An increase in employment in the regular services of the Federal
Government was reported in the military service; decreases in employment were reported in the executive and legislative services; and employment in the judicial service showed virtually no change. Of the
809,000 employees in the executive service in February, 113,000 were
working in the District of Columbia and 696,000 outside the District.
Force-account employees (day labor hired by the Federal Government for construction work) formed 7.3 percent of the total number of
the employees in the executive service. The most marked increase in
employment occurred in the Post Office Department. Among the
Departments reporting decreases were the War Department and the
Department of Agriculture.
The number of workers employed in the Civilian Conservation
Corps was 328,000, a decrease of 7,000 as compared with January.
Decreases in employment were registered for all classes of workers with
the exception of nurses. Of the total number in camps during Febru57412—38
2
ary 284,000 were enrolled workers, 5,000 Reserve officers, 300 nurses,
1,600 educational advisers, and 37,000 supervisory and technical employees. The monthly pay roll for all classes of workers was in excess
of $15,062,000.
Continued seasonal reductions in employment on State roadconstruction work reduced the total number of men engaged during
the month ending February 15 to 128,000, a decline of 14,000 compared
with January. Of the total number employed 12,000, or 9.4 percent,
were at work on new road construction and nearly 116,000, or 90.6
percent, on maintenance and repairs to existing roads. Pay-roll disbursements for both types of work totaled $8,789,000.
A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll statistics for January and February is given in table 2.
TABLE 2.—Summary of Federal Employment and Pay Rolls, February 1938 *
[Preliminary figures]
Employment
Class
February
Federal services:
Executive2
808,951
Judicial
__.
2,156
Legislative
5,154
Military
333,624
Construction projects:
Financed by P. W. AA
_.
91, 581
Financed by R. F. C.8
_..
3,481
Financed by regular Federal
appropriations
144,776
Federal projects under The Works
Program
_
147,182
Projects operated by W. P. A
2,073,759
National Youth Administration:
Work projects
151,406
Student Aid
Civilian Conservation Corps
328,044
January
Percentage
change
Pay rolls
February
January
Percentage
change
- 0 . 4 $120,793,886 a $122,979,743
-.1
520,473
518,126
-.6
1,194,905
1,201, 451
+1.5 24,996,798
25,183, 692
-1.8
-5.3
-6.9
7,281, 549
513,923
7,836, 628
549,058
-7.1
-6.4
153,864
-5.9
14,016,649
15,705,838
-10.8
157,827
1,898,162
-6.7
+9.3
7,325,807
102,096,059
7,973,494
92,960,662
-8.1
+9.8
144,797
306, 341
335,244
+4.6
2,667,226
15,062,322
2, 549,914
1,992,810
15,444, 234
+4.6
-2.1
3 812,271
3 2,158
5,183
328,643
96,725
3,739
(°)
+.5
-.7
-2.5
1 Includes data on projects financed wholly or partially from Federal funds.
2
Includes force-account and supervisory and technical employees shown under other classifications to
the extent of 92,271 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $11,884,645 for February and 104,180 employees
and pay-roll disbursements of $12,690,435 for January.
a Revised.
* Data covering P. W. A. projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds are included.
These data are not shown under The Works Program. Includes 67,949 wage earners and $5,034,059 pay roll
for February; 67,967 wage earners and $5,176,438 pay roll for January, covering P. W. A. projects financed
from E. R. A. A. 1935,1936, and 1937 funds.
8
Includes 107 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $12,984 for February and 113 employees and payroll disbursements of $9,991 for January on projects financed by the R F C Mortgage Co.
• Not available.
DETAILED REPORTS FOR FEBRUARY 1938
Industrial and Business Employment
MONTHLY reports on employment and pay rolls are available for
the following groups: 89 manufacturing industries; 16 nonmanufacturing industries, including private building construction; and class I
steam railroads. The reports for the first two of these groups—•
manufacturing and nonmanufacturing—are based on sample surveys
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and in virtually all industries the
samples are large enough to be entirely representative. The figures
on class I steam railroads are compiled by the Interstate Commerce
Commission and are presented in the foregoing summary.
EMPLOYMENT, PAY ROLLS, HOURS, AND EARNINGS
The indexes of employment and pay rolls, average hours worked per
week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in February 1938 are
shown in table 3. Percentage changes from January 1938 and February 1937 are also given.
Indexes of employment and pay rolls as well as average hours worked
per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for
December 1937, January 1938, and February 1938, are presented in
table 4. The December and January figures may differ in some
instances from those previously published because of revisions necessitated by the inclusion of late reports and other causes.
Average weekly earnings shown in tables 3 and 4 are computed by
dividing the total weekly pay rolls in the reporting establishments by
the total number of full- and part-time employees reported. As all
reporting establishments do not supply man-hour data, average hours
worked per week and average hourly earnings are necessarily based
on data supplied by a smaller number of reporting firms. The size
and composition of the reporting sample varies slightly from month
to month and therefore the average hours per week, average hourly
earnings, and average weekly earnings shown in the two following
tables are not strictly comparable from month to month. The sample, however, is believed to be sufficiently adequate in virtually all
instances to indicate the general movements of earnings and hours
over the period shown.
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, February 1938
MANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average 1923-25=100 and are adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to October 1936]
Employment
Industry
All manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Durable goods
Index,
February
1938
__
82.2
73.3
91.8
Percentage
change from—
January
1938
February
1937
0
-17.0
—2 4 -21.4
+2.1 -12.7
Iron and steel and their products, not including
80.0
- 1 . 5 -22.6
machinery —
- 1 . 9 -21.9
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills... 88.7
63. 3
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets
+.1 -28.7
- 1 . 4 -18.7
54.5
Cast-iron pipe
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cut77.8
lery) and edge tools
_.
_. _
+.1 -11.7
48.4
—7.4 -31.9
Forgings, iron and steel
67.6
- 4 . 5 -30.3
Hardware
_«
_.
79.7
Plumbers' supplies
_
_
+1.1 -12.7
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings__
55.9
—1.3 -27.7
73.9 +15.8 -31.7
Stoves
61.4
- 3 . 7 -14.5
Structural and ornamental metal work
q
-13.1
85.5
Tin cans and other tinware
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
79.5
files, and saws)
- 2 . 4 -20.4
126 0
—6 7 -28.4
Wirework
Machinery, not including transportation equipment. 99.7
- 4 . 1 -15.9
Agricultural implements
137.6
- . 6 +15.7
Cash registers, adding machines, and calcu+.3
lating machines
127.6
+.6
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. 89.9
- 6 . 3 -17.8
Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels- 124.5
-4.5
-7.7
Average weekly
earnings l
Pay rolls5
Index,
February
1938
February
Average hourly
earnings l
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—•
Percentage
change from—
February
Percentage
change from—
February
January
1938
February
1937
34.3
+3.2
-15.6
Cents
65.7
— 12 4
-2.3
33.2
35.3
+2.6
+3.6
-20.7
-10.4
72.6
59.5
-1.0
+5.3
+7.0
+7.9
—23.6
-30.0
-29.7
-16.1
28.9
26.4
27.0
29.5
-31.5
-38.2
-39.0
-27.5
76.0
82.6
70.2
57.3
+1.2
+.8
20.38
21.58
20.07
20.59
+.9
+1.8
+11.9
-10.7
-26.2
-4.2
-9.6
34.2
29.2
30.1
30.8
+4.1
+5.7
+7.1
+.7
+1.9
+2.1
+9.3
-18.8
-33.7
-20.7
-20.6
61.5
74.2
66.6
66.9
-21.6
-14.4
-2.6
+.5
21.94
22.56
25.74
22.89
-1.2
-4.0
-43.3
-41.5
—16.7
-10.9
30.9
34.5
35.8
36.6
-31.2
-19.8
-15.5
-9.2
70.6
66.5
72.0
63.1
-3.9
—5.8
-4.3
-33.3
—34.6
-22.7
+.9
+2.'9
-25.4
-21.7
-19.4
+2.2
+26.1
21.32
20.38
25.48
28.46
-4.0
-7.4
-6.4
-5.2
-23.9
-8.5
29.30
24.88
29.59
-4.6
-1.1
-2.0
61.4
67.1
73.0
74.6
81.1
74.5
83.4
January
1938
February
1937
73.2
+2.2
-23.6
$22.32
63.7
85.2
-.2
+4.5
-31.1
-14.7
23.85
20.86
61.4
64.7
53.0
35.2
+3.7
+5.0
+7.9
—40.9
-45.4
-49.9
-31.8
21.54
21.60
18.94
17.24
63.6
34.3
60.1
54.0
+1.0
-21.1
-49.7
-33.2
-21.0
42.4
56.6
56.2
88.6
-2.4
+29.0
72.9
102.1
91.4
175.9
123.4
81.7
120.0
Average hours worked
per week *
-2.1
—5.7
+6.8
-3.5
1938
January
1938
February
1937
+2.3
+2.2
+2.3
-8.0
-4.5
+11.4
-.3
+.8
+2.6
-1.5
-16.4
-8.5
-8.0
i
+8.9
-5.5
-7.3
-.9
1938
34.4
30.4
34.6
38.2
36.3
33.3
35.7
-5.4
-.8
+8.3
-.4
-.1
-.8
+.9
+.2
+2.7
-4.0
-.6
-1.8
-14.5
-19.6
-12.8
1938
January
1938
February
1937
-0.9
+9.3
—.3
+11.3
+8.3
+.8
-1.9
-1.4
-.7
+2.5
+.9
— 4
+2.3
+.6
-1.2
+.1
-.3
+.2
-.6
-.5
+-1
+14.1
+14.2
+15.1
+15.1
+11.0
+11.4
+21.0
+14.2
+12.8
+6.4
+15.1
+13.7
+11.4
+16.6
+13.3
+16.5
+10.2
+14.2
+13.3
QO
Foundry and machine-shop products.__
Machine tools
Radios and phonographs
Textile machinery and parts
Typewriters and parts
Transportation equipment
_
Aircraft.
_
Automobiles
Cars, electric- and steam railroad
Locomotives
Shipbuilding
Railroad repair shops
Electric railroad
Steam railroad
Nonferrous metals and their products
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices.—
_.
Jewelry
_
Lighting equipment
Silverware and plated ware
_
_.
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.
Stamped and enameled ware
Lumber and allied products
Furniture
Lumber:
Millwork
__
_
Sawmills
_
Stone, clay, and glass products
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
Cement
Glass
_
_.
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
Pottery
_
__.
87.1
133.7
95.4
65.9
114.1
80.6
776.2
82.8
42.2
47.9
95.2
44.9
62.1
43.6
87.6
101.6
87.3
-3.5
-4.0
-1.9
-4.0
-3.0
-4.4
-16.5
-3.4
-44.1
-20.2
-22.1
-30.5
-4.5
-5.2
-8.2
-4.0
-5.7
-1.6
-6.0
-35.0
-32.9
-4.9
-3.5
-27.1
-2.0
-29.1
-21.4
-16.9
-28.3
76.8
120.4
71.6
51.6
87.6
67.0
698.9
62.3
47.9
37.0
109.5
45.6
68.5
44.0
73.5
97.2
70.2
104.1
84.1
65.8
71.1
76.8
105.5
54.3
68.1
4-4.1
+2.3
-4.9
+2.6
-5.3
+.3
+1.1
-13.4
-5.0
-32.0
-1.1
-2.6
-33.7
-17.5
-21.0
91.3
61.4
55.2
57.0
69.2
92.9
45.5
53.2
46.2
40.2
55.0
35.4
49.3
85.4
35.0
70.5
+4.7
+1.2
+.2
-1.7
-2.5
+9.8
+1.3
-16.2
—15.5
-18.2
-24.1
-15.3
-20.7
-6.6
-9.1
89.1
81.7
72.5
85.8
80.6
104.8
83.7
103.1
59.4
59.8
103.9
94.9
144.0
+5.3
+1.4
+8.4
-.9
+2.2
+1.2
+1.2
+4.4
+2.7
+1.1
+13.3
+14.2
+12.3
-19.1
-21.1
-27.5
-17.8
-24.7
-14.7
-7.1
—15.9
-29.0
-35.2
-15.3
-17.0
-13.0
+.6
-.9
-2.2
-2.0
-.6
-.2
+2.6
-2.9
-8.5
-6.0
-3.5
+14.1
-2.3
+3.6
-2.4
-2.2
-1.8
-4.2
-3.6
—26.8
-15.4
-42.3
-41.0
—36. 3
-40.3
+7.1
-48.9
-28.2
-.5
+11.8
-28.1
+5.7
24.85
27.64
19.99
21.61
20.50
26.86
28.64
25.85
27.25
29.63
31.15
29.44
31.19
29.07
22.70
23.69
22.77
+.6
-4.7
-4.3
+.6
+17.7
+2.1
+2.9
+2.2
+3.2
+6.9
-.2
+2.2
+1.8
+1.9
+1.2
+2.6
+.3
—12.3
-12.5
+3.2
-26.1
-18.2
-14.2
+4.4
+7.1
+4.7
+15.9
-1.3
+7.9
-21.4
-40.0
-21.8
-29.2
20.19
22.26
21.64
21.80
26.52
21.54
18.86
18.69
40.2
33.1
46.4
25.5
44.7
79.1
28.9
58.9
+.2
-4.2
+.3
+.3
-1.7
+2.8
+1.5
+4.6
+5.6
-6.6
+4.9
+7.1
+7.7
+10.2
+5.1
+6.9
+4.6
+.7
+3.9
+22.1
+15.0
-20.3
-16.6
-22.4
-32.9
-15.1
-26.2
-3.4
-12.8
19.99
18.62
21.50
17.26
22.99
22.56
24.91
22.10
+10.0
+3.0
-1.3
+4.6
+5.9
+8.3
+5.2
+3.8
+7.1
+4.5
+2.4
+6.5
+11.2
+13.5
74.3
69.3
54.6
71.2
75.8
89.5
72.6
102.9
45.7
50.3
81.1
73.3
108.4
+13.8
+6.9
+19.6
+1.3
+11.6
+6.7
+11.3
+14.8
+13.0
+2.9
+27.3
+25.9
+30.9
-25. 8
-29.0
-44.4
-29.0
-27.8
-20.0
-22.7
-18.7
-36.0
-38.8
-19.6
-25.8
-13.3
16.40
15.82
17.92
12.99
17.44
20.63
23.58
17.40
14.87
19.32
17.94
18.14
20.84
+8.0 - 8 . 1
+5.5 - 1 0 . 0
+10.3 - 2 3 . 4
+2.3 - 1 3 . 8
+9.1 —4.2
+5.5 - 6 . 3
+9.9 - 1 6 . 8
+10.0 - 3 . 3
+10.1 - 9 . 9
+1.7 - 5 . 7
+12.4 - 5 . 1
+10.3 - 1 0 . 7
— 3
+16.6
-30.5
-29.0
-20.2
-41.6
-17.8
-7.1
—38.6
-9.2
+.4
-1.4
-.8
-2.0
-9.6
-3.8
-18.6
-5.2
-2.3
-9.7
-8.2
+3.0
-9.5
-5.2
-10.3
-5.0
— 1.4
-5.2
-11.6
+.2
-7.0
+3.4
-4.1
34.8
38.0
31.7
32.4
31.2
30.4
40.4
28.2
36.1
38.3
36.2
40.3
44.1
39.9
33.9
34.6
30.6
33.6
36.9
32.0
34.6
38.7
34.2
36.1
34.6
+1.1
-4.2
-2.7
-.5
+15.2
+1,9
+2.4
+2.1
+1.9
+6.3
-.6
+2.6
+1.4
+2.7
+2.3
+3.2
2
-.6
+1.6
+10.2
+4.0
Q
+7^5
+6.0
+9.4
36.9
+9.0
36.8
+3.3
33.2
+6.1
32.1
+2.8
33.7
+2.4
32.4
+7.4
36.0 +10.5
34.7
+7.5
-6.4
-19.2
-17.4
-30.6
71.2
72.8
62.8
66.9
65.6
88.6
71.6
91.7
75.6
77.3
84.3
72.3
69.6
72.6
67.0
68.5
74.3
-18.7
-6.4
-19.9
-10.6
-7.4
—17.7
-14.2
-20.4
60.0
60.3
67.5
63.2
68.5
63.0
52.6
54.0
-.16.9
-9.6
-16.1
-22.6
-11.1
-14.5
-4.2
— 18.8
54.1
51.4
64.9
53.5
68.3
69.9
69.7
64.8
-14.5
-15.9
-33.8
-18.9
-9.8
-9.0
-19.7
-12.5
-14.5
-13.8
-11.4
-19.5
-3.8
51.1
48.5
65.6
41.3
48.1
55.1
71.9
52.7
44.2
58.6
56.0
60.7
59.3
-22.8
-17.7
-5.0
-29.6
-27.4
-24.1
-8.4
-30.5
-8.0
-10.2
+2.0
-5.6
+1.8
-.2
-.5
-2.1
+1.0
+2.3
+.1
+.4
+.1
+1.2
+.6
(2)
— 8
+'.6
-.9
-.8
-.5
+.6
-.9
-2.0
-.2
-.8
-.5
-2.3
-.6
-.7
-3.4
+.3
-.2
-.7
(2)
-.9
+.9
+1.5
+13. 2
+6.2
+9.2
+5.2
+12.4
-12.0
+15.1
+12.9
+16.3
+16.5
+8.1
+4.5
+7.1
+4.4
+12.5
+16.4
+17.4
+16.8
+3.0
+12.7
+3.2
+11.2
+9.9
+10.6
+11.5
+13.8
+9.3
+11.7
+14.0
+12.1
+8.8
+8.1
+16.9
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products...
_
Fabrics
_
Carpets and rugs
Cotton goods
Cotton small wares
D yeing andfinishingtextiles
Hats, fur-felt.
Knitgoods..
_
Silk and rayon goods
Woolen and worsted goods
Wearing apparel
Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
See footnotes at end of table.
_
-
32.4
32.8
27.3
31.4
36.4
37.3
33.6
33.8
33.3
33.0
31.8
29.4
33.2
+7.0
+6.2
+11.0
+3.8
+9.5
+8.1
+6.5
+8.9
+12.0
+3.3
+9.0
+9.2
+10.1
+.4
-.6
-.5
-1.3
-.7
-2.2
+.4
+.9
-1.9
—1.5
+1.3
-1.6
+5.4
+7.4
+7.4
+15.6
+6.7
+6.0
+3.6
+2.7
+10.8
+5.1
+9.2
+6.9
+9.0
+6.4
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, February 1938—Continued
MANUFACTURING—Continued
Industry
Index,
February
1938
Percentage
change from—
January
1938
Average weekly
earnings l
Pay rolls
Employment
February
1937
Index,
•ra-v.
Hebruary
1938
Percentage
change from—
January
1938
February
1937
February
Percentage
change from—
1938
1938
January
February
1937
+10.1
+12.7
+13.6
+2.6
+7.5
+9.1
+2.9
-3.4
—3.4
-4.8
—7.7
-9.7
-10.6
-3.7
Average hours worked
per week i
February
1938
Percentage
change from—
January
1938
February
1937
Average hourly
earnings i
February
1938
Percentage
change from—
January
1938
February
1937
Nondurable goods—Continued
Textiles and their products—Continued.
Wearing apparel—Continued.
Corsets and allied garments
Men's furnishings
Millinery
—.
Shirts and collars
X'Path«r and its manufactures
Boots and shoes
Leather - .
-Food and kindred products
_
Baking
,
Beverages
Butter
Canning and preserving
Confectionery
Flour
—
Ice cream
Slaughtering and meat packing
Sugar, beet
Sugar refining, cane
Tobacco manufactures
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff
Cigars and cigarettes
Paper and printing
Boxes, paper
Paper and pulp
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals
Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum
refining
_ _.
Other than patroleuTT) refining
Chemicals
,_ . . n
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal
86.4
115.2
55.8
103.7
89.4
93.7
77.6
101.5
129.7
189.8
80.7
79.2
75.8
73.6
61.6
88.0
31.6
71.3
58.8
58.8
58.7
101.1
89.8
108.7
95.2
103.2
118.1
111.9
115.5
100.3
+2.3
+17.9
+11.3
+16.1
+4.2
+4.9
+1.3
+12.6
+32.9
+26.5
+19.1
+12.0
+14.5
$15.99
13.41
22.53
12.14
19.05
18.13
23.11
24.74
25.35
32.35
22.83
16.30
17.67
25.87
28.89
27.32
31.43
23.75
15.82
17.27
14.89
27.40
20.16
23.51
-3.6
-15.3
—5.3
-2.8
-.2
—3.1
-4.4
-11.6
-6.4
84.1
88.3
43.6
84.4
73.5
72.3
80.2
104.2
126.0
209.1
66.4
77.7
74.1
73.1
57.7
95.9
42.0
64.1
48.8
68.2
46.4
96.5
87.6
103.2
+3.1
+8.8
+9.4
+2.4
+10.8
+.9
+5.5
+5.3
-.6
—2.3
-.6
89.1
100.7
-2.1
-.1
-2.3
+1.9
29.59
36.63
—1.5
-.2
+.8
-7.2
—8.6
-12.1
119.1
113.7
123.1
90.8
+1.4
+1.3
-8.6
—8.2
27.55
24.22
29.45
13.05
+.9
+.5
+1.1
-2.4
-1.2
+.1
+1.9
+.2
4j.3
-.7
—.1
+.5
-5.2
-6.9
+8.7
+13.3
+2.7
+15.0
+.1
+.6
+.5
+.1
+.5
-5.4
-3.9
—5.6
—19.4
—9.3
—18.1
—10.5
-8.0
-20.4
-3.4
-1.9
+4.3
—.2
-14.3
—4.6
—1.5
—.4
+22.2
+4.2
-2.1
+.8
+4.6
+1.0
-2.1
+.4
-.3
(2)
-11.5
—1.4
-6.2
-9.1
—22.3
—13.5
—24.5
-19.1
-17.8
-23.4
+2.9
+3.4
+10.4
+3.5
-20.0
-1.8
+3.3
+2.2
+8.5
-3.6
-3.1
—7.2
+1.3
-8.7
-4.0
-15.1
-9.1
-8.9
+35.0
-.9
+.8
+2.6
+.7
+1.2
+1.1
+1.8
+.4
o
+1.7
+4.8
+5.2
—7.4
—10.2
-5.5
-10.9
—7.6
-14.0
-11.4
Cents
45.2
37.6
61.7
39.7
52.6
50.3
63.4
60.9
58.3
84.3
49.5
48.8
47.7
58.9
61.9
68.9
76.1
61.9
46.0
49.1
45.5
75.9
55.1
62.4
+.3
+7.7
+11.6
+9.7
+2.5
38.0
36.6
—1.1
- . 1
-4.7
-2.1
78.5
96.6
-1.1
-i
+4.5
+5.9
+3.8
+.4
+3.6
+10.7
37.2
37.5
37.3
52.7
+1.5
+1.0
+1.3
-6.6
—8.9
-8.8
74.3
65.9
79.0
24.8
-.9
—1.1
+10.8
+9.8
+13.8
+9.2
+6.5
+5.3
+5.9
+3.6
-6.7
+2.9
+4.9
+2.8
-6.7 +12.5
+10.8 +13.8
+.1 +2.4
-3.4
-4.5
-.2
—.5
-.3
-3.6
+.8
+4.8
+4.8
+1.5
-5.6
+.4
-3.0
-2.9
(2)
35.6
32.1
36.6
32.0
36.0
35.9
36.6
40.7
43.7
38.6
46.5
34.4
37.0
43.1
45.5
39.7
41.8
38.4
83.1
35.4
32.8
37.4
36.9
37.7
+12.3
+10.9
+8.6
+3.8
+8.1
+9.2
+3.2
+.6
—12.1
-12.6
—13.0
-10.5
-3.6
-.7
—3.7
-18.1
-5.9
—4.5
+4.9
+2.7
+.7
1.2
+.1
+.4
-7.2
+7.8
+.1
—.5
+1.6
-6.3
—18.2
+2.3
+.8
—.1
—.3
-2.3
+3.4
+1.0
-2.6
+.3
+4.2
-2.7
—1.4
—1.4
-.5
-1.3
-4.2
—.1
+.5
—.9
+.3
+.2
+.1
—3.3
-2.0
-3.4
K
q
__
o
-1.7
+4.2
+13.4
-6.9
+7.0
+2.3
+1.5
+7.5
+9.0
+4.2
+5.6
+8.2
+13.8
+10.2
+8.3
+2.4
+15.2
+10.5
+7.5
+6.1
+7.4
-4.1
Druggists' preparations
Explosives
Fertilizers—
Paints and varnishes
Eayon and allied products
Soap
Petroleum refining
_
Eubber products
_
__
Rubber boots and shoes
Eubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires,
and inner tubes
Rubber tires and inner tubes
106.0
87.4
93.3
116.0
329.2
96.3
117.8
74.3
55.8
109.2
65.0
+.1
-3.1
+13.1
-.3
+4.4
+2.4
-.9
-5.1
-5.7
+.6
-8.8
-3.6
-6.2
-2.9
-11.6
-11.1
-12.3
-1.5
-26.9
-23.9
115.9
92.4
86.8
110.5
283.4
111.2
136.6
58.9
39.8
-2.1
+12.3
+10.6
+3.9
+2.9
+1.8
+1.7
-10.6
-10.3
-2.8
-.7
-.2
-13.2
-17.7
-10.7
+11.3
-43.6
-38.7
23.79
30.25
15.62
26.26
21.26
28.58
35.23
21.05
17.86
-22.8
-30.4
97.4
50.1
+2.7
-31.0
-50.6
20.42
22.54
-18.1
-.4
+13.5
+2.3
+4.4
-.9
+2.6
-5.8
-4.8
-1.7
-7.4
+1.8
+13.0
-22.9
-19.5
38.7
37.5
38.5
37.6
32.6
38.6
36.4
28.4
29.5
+2.1
-10.1
-10.6
-29.0
+9.6
-2.2
+15.9
-2.3
+4.1
-1.5
-.6
+.8
+5.9
+2.6
+5.9
-2.5
-3.8
-4.5
-3.9
-4.9
-10.3
-16.5
-8.9
+1.6
-24.3
-24.3
59.1
80.7
40.6
69.7
65.3
74.3
97.6
77.3
60.5
-2.6
+2.1
-4.4
-.3
-.6
-1.1
— 2
-i\
-1.0
+10.3
+8.6
+9.5
+11.2
+11.9
+11.0
+3.6
+7.4
34.3
23.6
+4.3
-9.5
-17.7
-31.1
59.7
95.1
-1.9
-.9
+7.0
+3.5
26.5
23.7
40.9
34.9
40.0
-1.7
+9.3
+1.0
+5.1
+1.4
-6.2
-25.8
-4.9
-13.7
+1.1
93.1
87.1
67.3
54.9
86.2
+0.9
~(2}
+17.4
+10.2
+2.1
+8.4
+5.8
+.4
+2.8
NONMANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929=100]
Coal mining:
Anthracite 33
Bituminous __
Metalliferous mining.
Quarrying and nonmetallic miningCrude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph 4
Electric light and power and manufactured
gas4—
_
Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and
maintenance 4
_
Trade:
Wholesale 4 .-..
_
Retail 4
General merchandising 4
Other than general merchandising 4
Hotels (year-round)3 4 5_
Laundries a
Dyeing and cleaning 3
Brokerage 4_
Insurance 4__
Building construction
60.0
95.4
63.4
38.2
74.6
+0.7
75.7
92.9
-5.6
-8.9
-8.9
-18.1
-23.2
-11.7
-23.6
+8.3
$24.86
20.59
27.48
19.19
34.43
-2.7
+1.4
+1.3
-1.0
+5.3
-5.0
+2.6
+1.9
89.5
-4.5
+8.9
30.19
+2.8
-1.9
-1.2
+.7
98.5
-.4
+5.2
33.60
+.8
71.1
-1.6
-1.9
70.5
-.5
+2.6
32.23
90.4
82.6
89.7
80.7
94.4
95.7
95.4
(6)
-.7
-1.8
-2.0
-1.7
-1.8
-3.1
-4.5
-2.6
29.08
21.63
18.50
24.03
15.16
16.96
18.98
36.11
36.29
28.56
+1.1
+.5
-2.8
-2.7
-14.8
+2.0
-19.8
-.2
-2.3
-3.7
-2.0
+2.4
-1.3
-.5
-2.3
-2.0
-4.7
+1.6
-1.1
-1.3
-2.3
-.1
-4.8
75.3
68.5
81.5
65.8
83.5
79.1
65.0
(6)
00
+.1
+.5
(8)
(6)
C
O
1
Average weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied
by a smaller number of establishments as all reporting firms do not furnish man-hours.
Percentage changes over year are computed from indexes. Percentage changes over
month in average weekly earnings for the manufacturing groups, for all manufacturing
industries combined, and for retail trade are also computed from indexes.
2
Less than Ho of 1 percent.
3
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented
+3.4
46.1
74.0
55.9
28.9
69.4
-1.4
-6.0
-1.3
-.9
+.9
-1.7
+1.5
+6.4
+1.2
+2.2
-17.5
-5.1
—16.0
-1.6
+6.9
+1.1
+4.0
-.5
-1.8
-.3
+2.3
-.2
+.9
-.1
-1.9
+C2)
-15.8
-3.0
-6.7
+6.8
+7.5
+4.5
+4.7
+3.5
+4.0
+2.9
+4.2
+5.8
+4.1
+5.0
-3.2
-7.0
+4.8
37.9
-4.3
+.3
84.4
-1.0
+1.4
+1.8
40.0
+1.4
+.9
-2.5
84.4
-.2
-1.6
69.9
+ 00
68.6
54.3
48.8
55.8
31.7
40.8
49.3
+.6
+.3
45.4
42.2
42.9
39.3
43.9
47.2
41.8
39.4
-00
+1.0
-2.1
-1.7
-1.3
-1.7
-2.9
-2.7
-5.2
30.4
8
+.1
-6.0
(8)
(6)
-.5
-1.6
-.2
+1.0
C
O
(6)
-.1
+.8
-.3
+1.9
-.3
-.5
(6)
(6)
-.1
+5.4
+6.8
+5.0
+7.2
+7.2
+6.8
+9.4
(8)
93.8
+7.0
+7.9
+6.9
00
+11.7
in4January 1938 issue of this pamphlet.
Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable with
figures published in pamphlets prior to January 1938 as they now exclude corporation
officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory. Comparable figures for December 1937 appear in table 4.
6
Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
8
Not available.
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, February 1938, January 1938, and
December 1937
MANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100, and are adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures. Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to October 1936.
Comparable series available on request]
Employment index
Industry
__
_._
Average hourly
earnings l
Decem- Februber
ary
1938
1937
Janu- December
ary
1937
1938
January
1938
22.93
34.3
33.2
34.4
Cents
65.7
Cents
66.3
Cents
66.6
23.26
20.47
24.95
20.68
33.2
35.3
32.3
34.0
34.4
34.3
72.6
59.5
72.7
60.2
72.9
60.0
21.54
21.60
18.94
17.24
20 43
20.17
17.62
17.26
22.49
22.47
20.39
19.65
28.9
26.4
27.0
29.5
27.7
24.9
25.3
29.3
30.1
27.3
29.7
33.7
76.0
82.6
70.2
57.3
75.5
81.8
69.7
58.2
76.1
82.8
68.9
58.1
74.6
49.0
80.6
55.3
20.38
21.58
20.07
20.59
20.24
21.22
17.94
21.45
22.32
24.60
21.63
21.96
34.2
29.2
30.1
30.8
33.6
28.6
27.4
32.3
37.5
33.7
32.2
32.3
61.5
74.2
66.6
66.9
62.5
74.7
65.1
66.5
61.2
73.3
67.2
67.9
43.4
43 9
58 5
88.1
49.1
56 0
68.2
94.4
21.94
22.56
25.74
22.89
22.21
20.21
25.74
22.93
22.90
21.26
27.59
23.10
30.9
34.5
35.8
36.6
31.1
31.8
35.8
36.7
32.8
38.4
37.6
70.6
66.5
72.0
63.1
70.9
65.0
72.1
63.2
69.6
65.4
72.0
62.2
72.9
102.1
75 9
108.4
82.4
136.1
21.32
20.38
21.60
20.36
21.96
21.47
34.4
30.4
34.7
30.7
35.2
31.5
61.4
67.1
62.0
66.4
62.2
68.2
113 1
139.6
91 4
175.9
95 5
172.1
110 6
173.5
25 48
28.46
25.52
27.73
27 25
27.67
34 6
38.2
34.4
37.1
36.9
37.3
73.0
74.6
73.2
74.8
73.1
74.4
129.0
104.7
141.2
123.4
81.7
120.0
128.5
88.1
128.2
137.9
102.9
143.6
29.30
24.88
29.59
30.71
25.17
30.15
33.05
27.01
31.32
36.3
33.3
35.7
37.8
33.5
36.3
39.6
36.1
37.9
81.1
74.5
83.4
81.6
74.9
83.2
84.1
74.8
82.9
January
1938
January
1938
82.2
_
Average hours worked
per week *
Decem- Februber
ary
1938
1937
Decem- Februber
ary
1937
1938
February
1938
All manufacturing industries—
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Average weekly
earnings i
Pay-roll index
82.2
88.6
73.2
71.6
80.9
22.32
21.88
73.3
91.8
75.1
89.9
84.3
93.3
63.7
85.2
63.8
81.5
77.0
85.8
23.85
20.86
80 0
88.7
63 3
54.5
81 2
90.5
63 2
55.3
90 0
99.6
73 5
60.2
61 4
64.7
53 0
35.2
59 2
61.7
49 1
36.0
71 9
75.5
66.1
44.3
77.8
48.4
67.6
79.7
77.7
52.3
70.8
78.9
83 9
60.6
84 0
79.8
63.6
34.3
60.1
54.0
63.0
36.3
56 3
56.0
55.9
73 9
61.4
85.5
56.6
63 8
63.8
85.7
61.8
77 2
69 5
91.3
42.4
56 6
56.2
88.6
79.5
126.0
81.5
135.1
87 6
161.2
99 7
137.6
104 0
138.4
127.6
89.9
124.5
126.8
95.9
130.4
Decem- February
ber
1938
1937
January
1938
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills—
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets
Cast-iron pipe
__
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools
Forgings, iron and steel
Hardware
_»
.
_ _
Plumbers' supplies
_
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings
Stoves
Structural and ornamental metal workTin cans and other tinware
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws)
Wirework
__
Machinery, not including transportation equipment
_ _.
Agricultural implements
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
__ _
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.
Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels. I
oo o
Foundry and machine-shop products..
Machine tools
Radios and phonographs
Textile machinery and parts
Typewriters and parts
Transportation equipment
Aircraft
Automobiles
Cars, electric-and steam-railroad—.
Locomotives
Shipbuilding
Railroad repair shops
Electric railroad
Steam railroad
Nonferrous metals and their products
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices
Jewelry
Lighting equipment
Silverware and plated ware
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.
Stamped and enameled ware
Lumber and allied products
Furniture
Lumber:
Mill work
Sawmills
Stone, clay, and glass products
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
Cement
Glass
Marble, granite, slate, and other products
Pottery
._.
87.1
133.7
95.4
65.9
114.1
80.6
776.2
82.8
42.2
47.9
95.2
44.9
62.1
43.6
87.6
101.6
87.3
90.3
139.2
97.1
68.6
117.7
84 3
771.5
86.8
44.5
52.2
99.2
47.6
63.1
46.4
88.4
103.9
89.1
98.1
148.1
124.0
73.7
127.0
105.5
781.0
112.9
55.8
59.5
104.8
52.7
63.5
51.9
98.9
114.1
97.0
76.8
120.4
71.6
51.6
87.6
67.0
698.9
62.3
47.9
37.0
109.5
45.6
68.5
44.0
73.5
97.2
70.2
79.1
131.5
76.2
53.4
76.8
68.6
674.9
63.8
48.9
37.7
114.2
47.3
68.4
45.9
73.3
96.9
71.4
93.0
149.0
98.7
63.4
106.6
92.4
700.7
90.8
65.0
53.7
126.5
55.7
70.1
54.7
86.5
110.7
80.3
24.85
27.64
19.99
21.61
20.50
26.86
28.64
25.85
27.25
29.63
31.15
29.44
31.19
29.07
22.70
23.69
22.77
24.46
29.01
20.81
21.27
17.41
26.23
27.79
25.15
26.41
28.11
31.21
28.87
30.61
28.52
22.49
23.11
22.73
26.47
31.03
20.90
23.53
22.40
27.40
28.06
26.44
27.93
35.15
32.69
30.48
31.38
30.33
23.49
24.18
23.36
34.8
38.0
31.7
32.4
31.2
30.4
10.4
28.2
36.1
38.3
36.2
40.3
44.1
39.9
33.9
34.6
30.6
34.1
39.7
32.7
32.8
27.1
29.7
89.4
27.4
35.4
36.4
36.1
39.4
43.5
39.0
33.1
33.5
30.8
37.0
42.2
33.2
35.7
35.2
31.2
39.8
29.2
J6.9
13.5
37.9
41.5
44.8
41.2
35.1
35.3
31.9
71.2
72.8
62.8
66.9
65.6
88.6
71.6
91.7
75.6
77.3
84.3
72.3
69.6
72.6
67.0
68.5
74.3
71.4
73.2
63.8
65.0
64.1
88.7
71.3
91.9
74.6
77.2
84.8
72.8
69.4
73.1
67.6
69.1
73.8
71.3
73.5
63.0
66.1
63.7
88.1
70.4
90.5
75.7
80.8
85.0
73.3
68.6
73.7
66.5
68.6
73.0
104.1
84.1
65.8
71.1
76.8
105. 5
54.3
68.1
99.8
82.2
69.2
69.3
81.1
105.2
53.7
68.5
115.3
89.9
87.1
76.1
85.3
122.6
58.1
74.5
91.3
61.4
55.2
57.0
69.2
92.9
45.5
53.2
88.8
60.5
52.7
54.0
74.0
88.6
42.5
49.4
105.3
70.6
72.1
67.7
80.2
114.7
48.4
60.0
20.19
22.26
21.64
21. 80
26.52
21.54
18.86
18.69
20.42
22.52
19.54
21.11
26.92
20.64
17.66
17.16
20.72
23. 5Z
21.31
24.18
27.73
21.69
18.62
19.27
33.6
36.9
32.0
34.6
38.7
34.2
36.1
34.6
33.6
36.3
28.8
33.2
39.1
31.8
34.6
31.8
35.4
38.2
31.7
37.7
40.2
35.0
36.3
36.0
60.0
60.3
67.5
63.2
68.5
63.0
52.6
54.0
60.7
61.9
67.9
63.6
68.9
64.6
51.6
53.8
58.5
61.3
67.5
64.1
69.0
61.8
51.3
53.7
46.2
40.2
55.0
35.4
49.3
85.4
35.0
70.5
44.1
39.7
55.1
35.3
50.2
87.6
31.9
69.7
47.6
42.8
63.2
41.1
60.5
100.0
38.0
74.1
40.2
33.1
46.4
25.5
44.7
79.1
28.9
58.9
36.5
31.5
43.4
24.3
44.4
76.2
23.7
51.3
42.8
33.9
54.5
30.8
58.0
95.8
30.8
59.7
19.99
18.62
21.50
17.26
22.99
22.56
24.91
22.10
18.85
17.70
19.97
16.53
22.45
20.89
22.26
19.43
20.38
17.56
21.86
17.95
24.34
23.01
23.64
21.19
36.9
36.8
33.2
32.1
33.7
32.4
36.0
34.7
34.0
36.5
31.1
31.2
32.8
29.8
32.9
32.1
37.0
36.4
33.8
33.8
36.1
32.4
35.1
34.9
54.1
51.4
64.9
53.5
68.3
69.9
69.7
64.8
55.3
49.3
65.1
54.1
68.4
70.4
67.9
64.0
55.2
48.8
64.9
53.5
67.4
71.2
67.5
63.1
89.1
81.7
72.5
85.8
80.6
104.8
83.7
103.1
59.4
59.8
84.6
80.6
66.9
86.6
78.8
103.6
82.7
98.8
57.8
59.1
88.2
84.0
78.3
89.0
84.9
105.3
83.5
103.3
63.2
81.1
74.3
69.3
54.6
71.2
75.8
89.5
72.6
102.9
45.7
50.3
65.3
64.8
45.6
70.3
67.9
83.9
65.2
89.7
40.4
48.9
68.7
68.9
54.4
74.1
74.9
86.5
64.9
95.1
48.1
49.6
16.40
15.83
17.92
12.99
17.44
20.63
23.58
17.40
14.87
19.32
15.31
15.02
16.24
12.73
15.96
19.59
21.40
15.64
13.55
18.97
15.42
15.36
16.50
13.13
16.47
19.81
21.13
16.00
14.75
18.69
32.4
32.8
27.3
31.4
36.4
37.3
33.6
33.8
33.3
33.0
30.2
30.7
24.6
30.2
33.1
34.2
31.2
30.8
29.5
32.0
30.3
31.4
25.6
30.9
33.5
34.0
30.8
31.7
32.0
31.7
51.1
48.5
65.6
41.3
48.1
55.1
71.9
52.7
44.2
58.6
51.1
48.9
65.9
42.0
48.7
56.9
72.0
51.9
45.5
59.4
51.1
49.0
64.4
42.3
50.0
58.0
70.6
51.3
46.0
59.2
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products
Fabrics
Carpets and rugs
Cotton goods
Cotton small wares
Dyeing and finishing textiles..
Hats, fur-felt
Knit goods
Silk and rayon goods
Woolen and worsted goods
See footnotes at end of table.
CO
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, February 1938, January 1938, and
December 1937—Continued
MANUFACTURING—Continued
Employment index
Industry
February
Pay-roll index
Average weekly
earnings i
Average hourly
earnings i
Janu- Decem Febru- Janu- Decem Febru- Janu- Decem- Febru- Janu- Decem- Febru- Janu- Decemary
1938
ber
1937
ary
ary
ary
1938
1938
ber
1937
ary
1938
Nondurable goods—Continued
Textiles and their products—Continued.
Wearing apparel
Clothing, men's..
_
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments
Men's furnishings-_.
Millinery.
_
_.
Shirts and collars
Leather and its manufactures
Boots and shoes
__
Leather
Food and kindred products
Baking
_
Beverages
_
Butter
-_
Canning and preserving,.
Confectionery
Flour
_
Ice cream
_
__.
Slaughtering and meat packing
Sugar, beet
_
Sugar refining, cane
_
Tobacco manufactures
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff
Cigars and cigarettes
Paper and printing
Boxes, paper
Paper and pulp
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals
Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum
refining
Other than petroleum refining
Chemicals
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal
Average hours worked
per week *
1938
1938
ber
1937
103.9
94.9
144.0
86.4
115.2
55.8
103. 7
89.4
93.7
77.6
101.5
129.7
189.8
80.7
79.2
75.8
73.6
61.6
88.0
31.6
71.3
58.8
58.8
58.7
101.1
89.8
108.7
91.7
83.2
128.3
84.4
97.6
50.1
89.3
85.8
89.3
76.6
102.7
129.6
186.2
80.5
81.9
76.4
73.7
61.3
92.8
33.9
65.6
51.9
57.2
51.1
101.0
89.3
108.2
95.6
84.0
131.0
87.6
118.8
44.1
106.3
81.8
83.8
78.6
107.3
131.6
187.4
81.6
89.1
87.2
75.1
63.7
90.9
146.1
75.0
60.8
56.9
61.2
104.1
96.9
109.4
81.1
73.3
108.4
84.1
88.3
43.6
84.4
73.5
72.3
80.2
104.2
126.0
209.1
66.4
77.7
74.1
73.1
57.7
95.9
42.0
64.1
48.8
68.2
46.4
96.5
87.6
103.2
63.7
58.2
82.8
74.7
66.5
34.4
70.9
65.6
63.1
76.9
106.4
125.0
199.8
65.7
79.4
73.8
73.3
57.8
108.3
40.8
58.9
44.6
66.6
41.9
95.6
83.1
98.0
65.2
55.5
86.0
79.7
89.8
27.4
87.3
58.4
53.2
78.5
110.4
127.4
202.0
65.8
86.6
86.8
74.0
60.4
104.7
135.8
72.4
55.7
67.9
54.2
100.8
92.8
98.8
$17.94
18.14
20.84
15.99
13.41
22.53
12.14
19.05
18.13
23.11
24.74
25.35
32.35
22.83
16.30
17.67
25.87
28.89
27.32
31.43
23.75
15.32
17.27
14.89
27.40
20.16
23.51
$16.13
16.44
17.87
14.99
12.05
20.02
11.87
17.96
16.94
22.43
25.22
25.18
31.33
22.54
16.12
17.58
25.86
29.24
29.30
28.37
23.72
15.85
17.31
15.48
26.96
19.25
22.41
$15.60
15.61
17.85
14.85
13.16
18.00
12.11
16.61
15.25
22.23
24.93
25.22
31.65
22.27
16.22
18.11
25.52
29.25
28.89
21.98
26.87
16.88
18.11
16.62
27.62
19.78
22.47
95.2
103.2
95.8
103.1
98.0
106.6
89.1
100.7
91.0
100.8
95.9
108.4
29.59
36.63
29.95
36.75
113.1
111.9
115.5
100.3
112.5
111.0
118.3
104.4
116.3
115.4
122.6
109.9
119.1
113.7
123.1
90.8
117.4
112.2
124.8
96.8
124.4
120.3
130.4
104.8
27.55
24.22
29.45
13.05
27.19
24.22
29.25
13.18
ary
1938
ary
1938
ber
1937
ary
1938
ary
1938
ber
1937
31.8
29.4
33.2
35.6
32.1
28.9
26.7
29.9
32.3
29.2
28.2
25.2
29.4
32.0
31.5
Cents
56.0
60.7
59.3
45.2
37.6
Cents
55.8
62.1
56.8
46.9
37.8
Cents
55.3
62.4
56.8
46.7
36.6
32.0
36.0
35.9
36.6
40.7
43.7
38.6
30.3
33.4
32.9
35.4
40.4
41.5
37.7
30.2
31.1
30.1
35.2
40.5
41.4
37.9
39.7
52.6
50.3
63.4
60.9
58.3
84.3
41.7
53.6
51.4
63.8
61.8
61.2
83.8
41.0
53.6
51.1
63.8
61.2
61.3
84.4
34.4
37.0
43.1
45.5
39.7
41.8
38.4
33.1
35.4
32.8
37.4
36.9
37.7
34.3
36.8
43.4
45.4
42.7
38.8
38.1
33.3
34.7
33.1
36.8
35.2
35.9
33.6
39.7
42.7
46.6
42.2
40.4
43.0
37.1
35.8
37.3
37.6
37.3
35.6
48.8
47.7
58.9
61.9
68.9
76.1
61.9
46. 0
49.1
45.5
75.9
55.1
62.4
48.3
48.0
58.6
62.6
68.8
76.0
59.6
47.6
50.3
47.2
76.2
55.1
62.4
49.6
45.6
58.9
61.7
68.0
55.6
60.8
45.5
51.1
44.9
76.5
53.4
63.1
30.75
38.45
38.0
36.6
38.4
36.7
39.7
37.7
78.5
96.6
79.3
96.9
78.3
99.1
27.93
25.06
29.51
13.48
37.2
37.5
37.3
52.7
36.6
37.1
36.8
53.2
38.0
38.5
37.4
55.0
74.3
65.9
79.0
24.8
75.2
66.8
79.7
25.0
74.3
66.2
78.9
24.7
Druggists' preparations
_.
Explosives
Fertilizers
Paints and varnishes
Rayon and allied products
Soap
Petroleum refining
Rubber products.
Rubber boots and shoes
Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires,
and inner tubes
Rubber tires and inner tubes
106.0
87.4
93.3
116.0
329. 2
96.3
117.8
74.3
55.8
105.9
90.2
82.6
116.3
315. 2
94.0
118.8
78.3
59.2
110.5
94.7
81.6
121.1
33S.8
94.6
120.2
86.0
68.0
115.9
92.4
86.8
110.5
283.4
111.2
136.6
58.9
39.8
118.4
82.3
78.5
106.4
275.5
109.2
134.3
65.9
44.3
124.0
100.3
82.3
116.1
313.5
111.2
137.9
77.1
54.6
23.79
30.25
15.62
26.26
21.26
28.58
35.23
21.05
17.86
24.37
26.11
16.17
25.16
21.58
28.65
34.31
22.41
18.76
24.40
29.48
16.74
26.40
22.98
28.58
34.88
23.90
20.08
38.7
37.5
38.5
37.6
32.6
38.6
36.4
28.4
29.5
39.0
33.0
37.6
35,9
32.9
38.4
35.2
29.0
30.7
39.8
37.8
38.2
37.8
35.3
38.7
36.3
31.1
33.6
59.1
80.7
40.6
69.7
65.3
74.3
97.6
77.3
60.5
60.0
79.0
43.0
70.1
65.7
74.8
98.1
79.2
61.1
57.7
78.0
43.9
69.9
65.1
74.3
97.1
78.9
59.8
109.2
65.0
108.6
71.3
120.9
76.6
97.4
50.1
94.9
61.1
110.9
70.8
20.42
22.54
19. 99
25.09
21.15
26.91
34.3
23.6
32.9
26.0
34.5
28.0
59.7
95.1
60.7
96.7
61.3
96.7
NONMANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-month average 1929=1001
Coal mining:
Anthracite 2_~
Bituminous 2
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum producing
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph 3
Electric light and power and manufactured
gas 3 .
Electric-railroad and motorbus operation and
maintenance 3
Trade:
Wholesale 3
___
Retail 3
General merchandising 3
Other than general merchandising a
Hotels (year round) 2 3 S
Laundries 2
Dyeing and 6cleaning 2
Brokerage 3
Insurance 3 e
Building construction 6_
60.0
95.4
63.4
38.2
74.6
59.6
96.8
67.4
38.8
75.3
61.4
99.4
70.4
43.9
76.5
46.1
74.0
55.9
28.9
69.4
46.5
70.2
58.9
28.2
68.2
51.3
95.1
65.1
33.4
69.8
$24.86
20.59
27.48
19.19
34.43
$25.27
19.26
27.24
18.66
33.80
$27.02
25.49
29.43
19.32
34.11
26.5
23.7
40.9
34.9
40.0
27.0
21.6
40.6
33.4
39.5
28.9
29.1
43.1
34.7
40.1
93.1
87.1
67.3
54.9
86.2
92.3
87.1
67.4
55.8
84.3
92.0
86.6
68.6
55.8
83.8
75.7
77.8
78.0
89.5
93.7
94.7
30.19
30.76
31.00
37.9
39.5
39.2
84.4
82.6
83.8
92.9
94.0
96.1
98.5
98.9
102.4
33.60
33. 47
33.91
40.0
39.3
40.4
84,4
85.5
84.2
71.1
72.2
72.8
70.5
70.9
71.9
32.23
32.11
32.29
45.4
45.0
45.8
69.9
70.0
69.4
90.4
90.9
84.1
82.6
91.5
89.7
82.1
80.7
94.3
94.4
96.7
95.7
96.7
95.4
-1.9
-2.3
— 1 +1.0
- 4 ! 8 -14.2
93.3
100.4
145.9
88.5
94.9
97.0
99.2
-1.6
75.3
68.5
81.5
65.8
83.5
79.1
65.0
-2.3
-2.0
-4.7
75.3
70.1
84.6
67.1
81.5
80.1
65.3
-3.4
77.8
80.6
123.3
71.8
82.6
81.1
68.6
-2.6
29.08
21.63
18.50
24.03
15.16
16.96
18.98
36.11
36.29
28.56
28.95
21.43
18.37
23.92
14. 90
17.04
18.66
36.23
37.38
28.36
29.14
19.94
16.79
23.74
15.00
17.03
19.09
36.79
37.45
28.53
42.2
42.9
39.3
43.9
47.2
41.8
39.4
4
42.1
43.1
39.9
44.0
46.6
41.8
39.0
4
42.7
43.1
40.9
44.1
46.6
42.0
40.2
4
68.6
54.3
48.8
55.8
31.7
40.8
49.3
68.3
54.5
48.9
56.1
31.1
41.0
49.2
4
68.4
52.4
45.5
55.4
31.3
40.5
49.1
92.5
()
91.9
+.2
-17.2
+.8
-15.2
_
1 _ /erage weekly earnings are computed fromfiguresfurnished by all reporting estabAver:
lishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied
by a small number of establishments as all reporting firms do not furnish man-hours.
Thefiguresare not strictly comparable from month to month because of changes in the
size and composition of the reporting sample.
2
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented in
January 1938 issue of this publication.
-.8
-22.7
()
(3)
30.4
()
(4)
()
(4)
30.5
30.9
(4)
93.8
()
(4)
3
Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not strictly comparable with
figures published in pamphlets prior to January 1938 as they now exclude corporation
officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory.
* Not available.
* Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
6
Indexes of employment and pay rolls not available; percentage changes from preceding
month substituted.
M
O\
16
INDEXES OF EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
Indexes of employment and pay rolls are given in tables 5 and 6
for all manufacturing industries combined, for the durable- and
nondurable-goods groups of manufacturing industries, and for 13
nonmanufacturing industries, including 2 subgroups under retail trade,
by months, from January 1937 to February 1938, inclusive. The
accompanying chart indicates the trend of factory employment and
pay rolls from January 1919 to February 1938.
The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are computed
from returns supplied by representative establishments in 89 manufacturing industries and cover wage earners only. The base used in
computing these indexes is the 3-year average 1923-25 as 100. In
February 1938 reports were received from 25,107 manufacturing establishments employing 3,989,185 workers, whose weekly earnings
were $89,064,288. The employment reports received from these establishments cover more than 55 percent of the total wage earners in
all manufacturing industries of the country and more than 65 percent
of the wage earners in the 89 industries included in the monthly survey
of the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The indexes for the nonmanufacturing industries are based on the
12-month average for 1929 as 100. Figures for mining, laundries,
dyeing and cleaning, and building construction cover wage earners
only, but the figures for public utilities, trade, hotels, brokerage, and
insurance relate to all employees, except corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory. For
crude-petroleum producing they cover wage earners and clerical field
force.
Data for both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries are
based on reports of the number of employees and amount of pay rolls
for the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month.
EMPLOYMENT & PAY BOLLS
ALL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
\tod&A/umbers
\
J92325100
Index'umbers
fit
lAfi
JAO
/20
120
100
60
i 4
(^
1
V
r
60
40
20
J
a
Roh
AT
(menf
v
Vf
?- I
\ \
100
60
60
40
20
Q
v
1919 /920 1921 1922 /923 1924 1925 1926 1927 /926 /929 ffiO /931 /932 1933 /934 1935 J936 1937 f93B u
(JMTED STATES BUREAU OF LABOR STAT/ST/CS
18
TABLE 5.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in All Manufacturing Industries
Combined and in the Durable- and Nondurable-Goods Groups 1
[Adjusted to 1933 Census of Manufactures—3-year average 1923=100]
Manufacturing
Nondurable goods3
Durable goods 2
Total
Month
Employment
Pay rolls
Employ-
Pay rolls
ment
Employment
Pay rolls
1937
January _ _
February
March
April
May
June
. -
1938
1937
1938
1937
1938
1937
1938
1937
1938
1937
96.5
99.0
101.1
102 1
102 3
101.1
82.2
82.2
90.7
95.8
101.1
104.9
105.2
102.9
71.6
73.2
90.4
93.2
96.4
98.6
99 9
98.8
75.1
73.3
86.6
92.5
100.0
106.4
107 5
104.6
63.8
63.7
103.0
105.2
106.1
105.9
104 8
103.5
89.9
91.8
96.0
99.9
102.6
102.9
102 3
100.8
101.4
102.3
102.1
100.5
94.7
88.6
100.4
103.8
100 1
100.1
89.5
80.9
98.9
98.1
97 3
97.6
92.4
84.3
100.7
104.0
99.4
101.7
89.9
77.0
104.1
106.9
107.3
103.6
97.3
93.3
98.0
95.5
97.5
103.4
81.5
85.2
100.0
103.5
100.9
98.2
89.0
85.8
99.3
July
August
September
October
November
December
1938
98. 5
Average
1
Comparable indexes for earlier years will be found in the February 1937 issue of this report, or in the
April 1937 issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
2
Includes the following groups of manufacturing industries: Iron and steel; machinery; transportation
equipment; railroad repair shops; nonferrous metals; lumber and allied products; and stone, clay, and
glass products.
3
Includes the following groups of manufacturing industries: Textiles and their products, leather and its
manufactures, food and kindred products, tobacco manufactures, paper and printing, chemicals and allied
products, products of petroleum and coal, rubber products, and a number of miscellaneous industries not
included in other groups.
TABLE 6.—Indexes
of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Nonmanufacturing
Industries, January 1937 to February 1938 l
[12-month average 1929=100]
Anthracite mining
Month
Bituminous-coal
mining
and nonMetalliferous mining Quarrying mining
metallic
Employ- Pay rolls Employ- Pay rolls Employ- Pay rolls Employ- Pay rolls
ment
ment
ment
ment
1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937
January..
_
February
March
April
May
June
July...
August
September
October
November
December
Average. .
65.2 59.6 46.4 46.5 104.5 96.8 93.6 70.2 66.8 2 67.4
63.6 60.0 44.6 46.1 104.7 95.4 96.4 74.0 69.6 63.4
106.1
103.5
73.1
59.0
41.1
65.1
69.4
89.7
76.2
63.6
48.2
61.5
79.4
78.5
96.1
61.6
96.2
55.3
83.3
79.5
1938 1937 1938
58.4 2 58.9 45.7 38.8 34.6 28.2
63.4 55.9 46.7 38.2 37.8 28.9
70 6
49 1
41 3
76.9
53 1
48 1
79.8
54.9
51.4
55.4
77.7
52.6
54.3
49.7
58.1
61.5
60.9
61.4
38.2
29.6
34.2
55.4
49.0
51.3
93.7
97.4
99.4
102.4
101.4
99.4
77.7
86.3
90.9
100.7
91.1
95.1
82.0
83.4
84.1
82.9
75.4
70.4
77.8
83.0
82.2
81.7
71.6
65.1
55.5
54.9
54.7
53.3
49.9
43.9
50.8
53.2
50.1
49.3
41.7
33.4
60.2
46.9
99.3
88.5
76.8
74.0
51.4
45.4
1 Comparable indexes for earlier years for all of these industries, except anthracite and bituminous-coal
mining, year-round hotels, laundries, and dyeing and cleaning, will be found in the November 1934 and subsequent issues of this pamphlet, or the February 1935 and subsequent issues of the Monthly Labor Review.
Indexes for anthracite and bituminous-coal mining, year-round hotels, laundries, and dyeing and cleaning
from January 1929 forward have been adjusted to the 1935 census and are presented in the January 1938
issue of this pamphlet.
2
Revised.
19
TABLE 6.—Indexes
of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Nonmanufacturing
Industries, January 1937 to February 1938—Continued
C rude-petrol eum
producing
Month
Telephone and telegraph
Electric light and Electric-railroad and
motorbus operapower, and manution and maintefactured gas
nance 3
Employ- Pay rolls Employ- Pay rolls Employ- Pay rolls EmployPay rolls
ment
ment
ment
ment
1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938
January
February
March
April
May
June
_
_
July _
August
September
October
November
December _
72.7 275.3 61.2 2 68.2 .74.4 77.8 83.6 293.7
73.5 74.6 64.1 69.4 74.8 75.7 82.2 89.6
75.4
63.9
87.2
74.2
76.6
86.3
67.7
75.8
68.2
77.7
89.5
76.7
78.5
88.6 _____
78.5 - - - - - 70.4
92.1 94.0 92.3 98.9 72.5 72.2 68.0 70.9
92.2 92.9 93.6 98.5 72.5 71.1 68.7 70.5
92.4
94.8
72.6
69.2
93.1
95.5
72.9
69 4
94.6
97.9
73.3
70.1
96.3
100.4
73.3
71.1
78.5
79.3
78.2
77.5
77.2 _____
76.5
Average. .
70.5
70.8
71.2
69.9
70.2 _____
69.8
79.7
79.8
79.8
79.6
78.9
78.0
92.1
92.1
92.3
94.9
91.4 _____
94.7
97.5
98.3
98.6
98.5
97.3
96.1
76.5 _____
68.2 _____
77.8
89.6 _-_._
95.6 _____
Wholesale trade
Employ- Pay rolls
ment
Month
Total retail trade
Employment
P a y rolls
102.2
102.6
104.0
105.3
103.8 _____
102.4
99.6 _____
73.4
73.4
73.7
73.4
73.2
72.8
70.8
73 1
71.6
71 4
71.8
71.9
73.1 _____
70.6
Retail trade—general merchandising
Retail trade—other
than general merchandising
Employ- Pay rolls
ment
Employment
Pay rolls
1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938
January
February
March
April
May.
June
July
__._
August
September
October
November
December
Average
85.4 2 84.1
85.2 82.6
88.5
88.8
89.9
90.5
90.7 2 91.0
92.0 90.4
92.1
91.9
90.8
90.3
72.6 2 75.4
74.1 75.3
75.0
75.4
76.1
76.3
90.6
91.8
93.0
94.0
93.5
93.3
76.9
79.0
78.3
79.3
78.3
77.8
87.6
86.2
90.7
92.1
91.7
100.4
72.8
72.3
74.4
75.9
75.3
80.6
95.9
93.8
103.7
108.1
109.8
145.9
92 0
76.6
89.8
73.1
104.3
68.0 2 70.1 95.1 2 91.5
67.9 68.5 93.9 89.7
70.5
100.3
71.9
99.6
73.5
102.1
74.4
102.9
Year-round hotels
Month
83.8 2 84.6
82.9 81.5
87.6
89.1
91.5
92.5
82.9 2 82.1
82.9 80.7
85.4
86.0
86.7
87.2
64.7 2 67.1
64.8 65.8
67.0
68 3
69.8
70 6
87.3
85.7
92.4
96.2
97.1
123.3
85.4
84.2
87.3
87.9
86.9
88.5
69.8
69 5
70.7
71 7
70.8
71.8
92.5
85.9
69.1
Laundries
Dyeing and cleaning
Employ- Pay rolls Employ- Pay rolls Employ- Pay rolls
ment
ment
ment
1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938 1937 1938
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Average
92.9 94.3 76.2 81.5
94.4 78.5 83.5
78.7
80.7
79.7
80.1
93.6
79.4
94.3
80.5
95.7
82.4
84.1
96.9
96.6
84.3
94.9
82.6
94.9
80.6
_ _ _ 93.9
_ _
94.4
96.1
95.3
94.4
__
98.3 96.7 78.2 80.1 98.8 96.7 64.7 65.3
98.4 95.7 78.1 79.1 98.0 95.4 63.6 65.0
98.5
79.3
104.3
71 8
109.2
80.4
98.3
80.1
83.3
113.9
100.3
86.1
118.5
103.9 "III 87.5
92.2
89.0
111.0
105.8
79.5
88.0
110.3
104.7
81.3
104.1
86.4
112.8
85.7
83.4
110.5
99.9
83.6
103.5
97.8
81.1
73.7
99.2
97.0
81.1
68.6
100.6
83.0
107.5
77.6
2
Revised.
3 Not including electric-railroad car building and repairing; see transportation equipment and railroad
repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 3.
20
TREND OF INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT, BY STATES
A comparison of employment and pay rolls, by States and geographic
divisions, in January and February 1938, is shown in table 7 for all
groups combined, and for all manufacturing industries combined based
on data supplied by reporting establishments. The percentage
changes shown, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted—that is, the
industries included in the manufacturing group and in the grand total
have not been weighted according to their relative importance.
The totals for all manufacturing industries combined include figures for miscellaneous manufacturing industries in addition to the 89
manufacturing industries presented in table 3. The totals for all
groups combined include all manufacturing industries, each of the
nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 3 (except building
construction), and seasonal hotels.
TABLE 7.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
January and February 1938, by Geographic Divisions and by States
in
[Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by
cooperative State organizations]
Total—All groups
Geographic division and State
Num- Number of ber on
estab- pay roll
lish- Februments ary 1938
PerPerPer- |
cent- Amount cent- Num- Num- centage
age ber of ber on
age
of pay
change roll (1 change estab- pay roll change
week)
from
from
lish- Febru- from
Janu- Febru- Janu- ments ary 1938 January 1938
ary
ary
ary
1938
1938
Dollars
79,367
181,853
',
- 1 0 17, 588,122
1,010,354
+2.8
+1.5
696,360
+2.1
299, 561
-1.9
+1.4 1,676,063
- 1 . 7 3,950,778
31,223 1.
1,973,900
Middle Atlantic
20,124 881, 284
New York
4,155 318, 787
New Jersey
Pennsylvania.. 6,944 773,829
>,
- . 4 50, 0 7 6 , 7 8 3
+.1 24,280,968
+.7 8,030,867
— 1 . 4 17,
",764,948
East North Central.- 23,611 1,935,248
7,046 520,001
Ohio.
2,531,. 225,356
Indiana
« 6,310 572,157
Illinois...
3,741 395,043
Michigan
222, 691
Wisconsin
- 1 . 7 46,
1,891,420
- 1 . 3 11,932,589
4,870,259
13,744
New England
Maine
791
New H a m p shire
436
Vermont
Massachusetts . i 8,258
Rhode Island. _ 1,225
2,433
Connecticut
West North Central. 11,124
Minnesota
2,071
Iowa
1,679
Missouri
2,827
North Dakota..
523
South Dakota..
445
1,421
Nebraska
Kansas
_. » 2,158
796,191
50,954
34,814
14, 319
m, 884
388, 533
78, 201
58,369
157,640
4,411
7, 289
28,129|
54, 497\
See footnotes at end of table.
Manufacturing
14,564,610
6 10,076,715
' \U7247
PerAmount centage
of pay
roll (l change
week)
from
Febru- January 1938 ary
1938
+0.4
+2.3
3,605
291
Dollars
540,794 +2.5 11,254,863
41,031 +4.0
777, 749
+9.2
202
146
1,802
418
746
28,126
9,012
251,269
61,591
149,765
+1.7
+.2
+'5
+.5
+1.7
+2.9
+4.8
+•4
+2.2
-1.5
+.1 27, 006, 237
407,957 +.8 10,754,769
285,422 +.6 5,835,957
476,912 *+S 10,415,511
5,436 1,120,291
3 829
2,314
-.4
-.3
8,491 1,461,204 - 1 . 2
2,569 386,831 - . 7
972 178,036 -1.4
-1.5
2,427 389,935 -1.1
— 2 1,007 349,514 -2.1
+1.2 81,516 156,888
+.6
- 1 . 4 9,166, 836 - 1 . 1
- 1 . 7 1,985,395 - 1 . 8
-4.
1, 338, 651 - 5 . 2
+.7 3, 613,672 +1.9
1PA 531 - 3 . 7
-2.1
189, 629 - 2 . 1
-2.0
628,964 - 1 .
io —.1 1,303,994 * -1.1
540,729
181, 306
5,365,278
1, 231,185
3,158,621
2,445
432
421
870
58
38
161
465
198, 880
37, 806
33,649
89,791
632
2,117
8,849
26,036
-1.0
-1.5
-6.8
+2.4
-.8
+.5
-4.1
-3.0
+2.9
+3.9
+13.5
+9.5
+2.6
+3.3
+1.1
+2.5..
+*.4
+1.0
'+H
34, 773, 802 + ()
8,847,083
3,784,878
9,682,111
8,623,913
4,733,097
970,373
801, 778
1,996,893
17, 719
52, 876
210, 740
682,718
+.2
+.8+.1
i+1.9
—1.1
-.3
-i.a
-7.3
+6.1
-3. 5
-6.4
-8.3
-3.6
21
TABLE 7.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in
January and February 1938, by Geographic Divisions and by States—Continued
Total—All groups
Geographic division and State
Num- Number of ber on
estab- pay roll
lish- Februments ary 1938
Manufacturing
PerPercent- Amount cent- Num- Numage
of pay
age ber of ber on
change roll (1 change estab- pay roll
week)
from lish- Februfrom
Janu- Febru- Janu- ments ary 1938
ary ary 1938 ary
1938
Dollan
9 15,237,337
321,916
+1.1 2,880,("
10, 576
South Atlantic
210
Delaware
1,578
Maryland
District of Co1,075
lumbia
2,055
Virginia
West Virginia- 1,233
North Carolina- 1,357
601
South Carolina.
1,435
Georgia
1,032
Florida
824,020
13,681
126,751
36,919
110,275
144,430
157, 591
75,707
107, 580
51,086
+4.5
+.4
+2.1
965,975
2,061,227
3,200,251
- . 5 2,317, 658
1,020,475
1,581,272
887,937
+7.3
+.7
+3.1
+7.7
+3.8
+1.9
4,070
1,349
'902
553
270,965
80,961
93,325
77, 644
19,035
4,721,328
1, 540,667
-1.7 1, 599,687
- . 7 1,282,482
298,492
+3.2
West South Central. 5,994
n865
Arkansas
991
Louisiana
1,342
Oklahoma
2 2,796
Texas._
228,174
28,908
50,154
41,468
107,6U
-.7 5,182,703
+.6 498,771
+.2 999,826
-2.4 1,026,712
-.9 2,657,894
Mountain
Montana
Idaho
Wyoming
Colorado
New Mexico.
Arizona
Utah
Nevada
4,023
630
425
310
1,169
296
44'
569
177
116,368
16,012
9,117
8,604
38, 549
6,818
14,986
19,401
2,881
Pacific
Washington..
Oregon
California
9,692
2,859
1,336
13 5,497
401, 282
82, 784
43, 302
275,196
-3.9 2,948, 724 -{•2.0
568
-3.2
465,900 -8.9
85
-8.6
222,243 -2.9
50
+1.0
41
-2. "
+.6
-4.0
943,190 -2.6
184
-.9
143, 584 +.9
35
-2.2
386,676 -4.6
38
-5.1
474,189 -1.8
118
83,962 +5.7
r
- . 8 11,021,278
-.4 2,492
552
+.5 2,131,498 +1.2
—. 3
311
-2. 1,098,352
-1.0 7, 791, 428 — 9 1,629
East South CentralKentucky
Tennessee
Alabama
Mississippi
-2.S ~
PerPercent- Amount centage
of pay
change roll (1
from
week)
from
Janu- Febru- January ary 1938 ary
1938
1938
+8! 3
451
250
617
212
380
198
546,056 +1.5
9,988 -4.0
86,451 t+2.8
3,195 +.4
76,190 +.7
51,426 +5.2
144,640 ()
(5)
69,183
+.4
83,549
21,434+145)
(
+2.0
-1.1
+3.2
+3.1
+7.4
302
371
252
97
164, 593
33,040 - . 2
66, 314 - 1 . 3
52,604 +•1
12,635 +4.4
+3.6
-4.5
+
-1.4
2,835
1,351
271
228
148
704
109,485 - . 3
17,615
28,123
11,635
62,112 -2.2
31,084 - -.4 1
2.
4,063 -2.4
2,060 +9.2
1,634 +.6
12,255 -6.7
1,021
2,997 +5.8
6,350 +2.9
-.2
704 -1.4
4
43,113 +2.1
23,612 - 1 . 2
186,665 -1.6
Dollars
9,144,841 +4.6
227, 934 -6,4
1,901,083 '+5.4
105,704
-.1
1,387,832 +2.9
1,125, 569 +11.8
2,090,096 +4.4
896,050 +2.2
1,075,668 +1.0
334,905 +15.8
2,737,006 +2.4
639,661 - 3 . 1
1,099,112 +4.9
815,389 +1.7
182,844 +11.5
278,625
525,725
276, 410
1,286,163
-2.4
+5.8
+1.5
-3.5
+3.6
792,422
+.3
5,348,233
1,056,360
562,672
8,729,201
+1.9
+4.0
+2.4
+1.2
109,940
+.2
48,206 +16.5
54,018 +3.5
311,969 -3.2
18, 705 +10.6
72,378
+.2
156,408
+.8
20,798 +3.8
1 Includes banks and trust companies, construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employment,
amusement and recreation, professional services, and trucking and handling.
2 Includes laundering and cleaning, and water, light and power.
3 Includes laundries.
* Weighted percentage change.
6 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
e Includes automobile, and miscellaneous services, restaurants, and building and contracting.
7
Includes construction, but not public works.
s Does not include logging.
• Includes financial institutions, miscellaneous services, and restaurants.
*° Weighted percentage change including hired farm labor.
n Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel and building stone.
12 Includes business and personal service.
13 Includes banks, insurance, and office employment.
INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT IN PRINCIPAL METROPOLITAN AREAS
A comparison of employment and pay rolls in January and February 1938 is made in table 8 for 13 metropolitan areas which had a
population of 500,000 or over in 1930. Cities within these areas, but
having a population of 100,000 or over are not included as data con
22
cerning them are tabulated separately and are available on request.
Footnotes in the table indicate which cities are excluded. The figures
represent reports from cooperating establishments and cover both fulland part-time workers in the manufacturing and nonmanufacturing
industries presented in table 3, with the exception of building construction, and include also miscellaneous industries.
TABLE 8.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in
January-February 1938, by Principal Metropolitan Areas
Metropolitan area
Number Number on Percentage Amount of
pay roll
pay roll change from
of estab(1 week)
January
lishments February
February
14,254
4,307
1,881
1,615
2,881
586,305
435,432
190,628
238,679
146,467
+0.7
Cleveland, Ohio..
St. Louis, Mo
Baltimore, M d —
Boston {
Pittsburgh, P a . . .
1,659
1,493
1,145
1,516
1,082
116,396
122,925
96,129
99,722
173,467
-1.5
+1.9
San Francisco «—
Buffalo, N . Y . . . .
Milwaukee, Wis..
1,628
805
1,136
80,320
52,468
97,531
New York i . . .
Chicago 3
Philadelphia 3..
Detroit, Mich.
Los Angeles 4_,
Percentage
change
from
January
$15,765,330
11,655,965
4,955,200
6,580,003
3,999,404
+1.9
-.1
-2.5
2,748,224
2,903,126
2,212, 754
2,691,109
3,999,422
-.7
-2.9
-1.8
2,351,201
1,328,659
2, 546,628
-1.6
+3.0
+2.0
+.1
+2.2
+.4
-1.8
+.6
-5.6
+.3
-1.8
-1.7
+1.9
-5.3
-1.8
1 Does not include Elizabeth, Jersey City, Newark, or Paterson, N. J.; nor Yonkers, N . Y.
2
Does not include Gary, Ind.
3 Does not include Camden, N . J.
4
Does not include Long Beach, Calif.
5
Figures relate to city of Boston only.
6
Does not include Oakland, Calif.
Public Employment
Employment created by the Federal Government includes employment in the regular agencies of the Government, employment on the
various construction programs wholly or partially financed by Federal
funds, and employment on relief-work projects.
Construction projects financed by the Public Works Administration are those projects authorized by title II of the National Industrial Recovery Act of June 16, 1933. This program of public works
was extended to June 30, 1937, by the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 and title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation
Act of 1936. The First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited
as the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, reappropriated
unobligated funds originally made available under the Emergency
Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 and authorized the use of $300,000,000 from funds on hand or received from the sale of securities.
The Public Works Administration was continued until July 1, 1939,
by the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937.
By authority of Public Resolution No. 11, Seventy-fourth Congress,
approved April 8, 1935, the President, in a series of Executive orders,
inaugurated a broad program of work to be carried out by 61 units
23
of the Federal Government. The Works Program was continued by
title II of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, cited as
the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1936, and was further
continued by the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1937. Employment created by this program includes employment on Federal
projects and employment on projects operated by the Works Progress
Administration. Federal projects are those conducted by Federal
agencies which have received allotments from The Works Program
fund. Projects operated by the Works Progress Administration are
those projects conducted under the supervision of the Works Progress
Administration with the cooperation of States, cities, or counties.
The Civilian Conservation Corps, created in April 1933, was further
extended under the authority of the Emergency Relief Appropriation
Act of 1935. During the fiscal year 1937 the Civilian Conservation
Corps was continued from appropriations authorized by the First
Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936. Beginning with July 1, 1937,
the Civilian Conservation Corps was continued for 3 years by an act
of Congress.
EXECUTIVE SERVICE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Statistics of employment and pay rolls for the executive service of
the Federal Government in January and February 1938 are given in
table 9.
TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls for the Executive Service of the U. S. Government,
January and February 1938
l
[Subject to revision]
Employment
Item
Pay rolls
Percentage
change
February
January
Percentage
change
February
Entire service:
Total
Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation
Force-account (regular and emergency)
Inside the District of Columbia:
Total
Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation
Force-account (regular and emergency)
Outside the District of Columbia:
Total
Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation
Force-account (regular and emergency)
January 3
808,951
812,271
-0.4
$120,793,886
$122,979,743
-1.8
689,723
59,893
686,533
61,285
+.5
-2.3
105,649,022
8,120,452
107,005,663
8,270,893
-1.3
-1.8
59,335
64,453
-7.9
7,024,412
7,703,187
-8.8
113,014
113,387
-.3
19,594,808
19,966,537
-1.9
93,936
13,573
93,773
13,860
+.2
-2.1
16,797,602
2,046,265
17,000,651
2,107,197
-1.2
-2.9
5,505
5,754
-4.3
750,941
858,689
-12.5
695,937
698,884
-.4
101,199,078
103,013,206
-1.8
595,787
46,320
592,760
47,425
+.5
-2.3
88,851,420
6,074,187
90,005,012
6,163,696
-1.3
-1.5
53,830
58,699
-8.3
6,273,471
6,844,498
-8.3
1 Data includes number of employees receiving pay during the last pay period of the month.
2 Revised.
8
24
The monthly record of employment in the executive service of the
United States Government from February 1937 to February 1938,
inclusive, is shown in table 10.
TABLE 10.—Employment in the Executive Service of the U. S. Government, by Months
February 1931 Through February 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Month
1937
February...
March
April
May 2 -._
June July 2 2
August
1
2
Outside
District District
of Colum- of Columbia
bia
116,259
116,535
116,755
116, 274
111, 981
110,942
111, 301
710,462
713,047
718,884
724,247
758,925
738,509
731,892
Month
Total
Outside
District District
of Colum- of Columbia
bia
Total
1937— Continued
September 2__
October 2 2
November 2
December
111,296
110,809
112,112
114,350
725,647
718,049
709,423
776,385
821,535
890,735
1938
January 2
February
826,721
829,582
835, 639
840,521
870,906
849,451
843,193
113,387
113,014
695,937
812,271
808,951
From June 1937 data include number of employees receiving pay during the last pay period of the month.
Revised.
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY THE PUBLIC WORKS
ADMINISTRATION
Details concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
during February on construction projects financed by Public Works
Administration funds are given in table 11, by type of project.
TABLE 11.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works
Administration Funds, February 1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum
number
employed 2
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
Average
earnings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects financed from N. I. R. A. funds
All projects
B uilding construction
Naval vessels
Public roads 4
__ _ -_
Keclamation
..
River, harbor, and flood control
Miscellaneous
312,917
11,911
$1,231, 725
1,606,505
$0.767
$852,482
2,298
3,416
(5)
1,670
748
114
1,885
3,060
4,671
1,574
616
105
282, 690
399,561
257,286
201, 274
76, 445
14, 489
240,627
482, 522
536,185
245,393
88,403
13,375
1.175
.828
.480
.820
.865
1.082
365,178
58,304
190,000
198,158
40,746
96
Non-Federal projects financed from N. I. R. A. funds
All projects
B uilding construction. _
Railroad construction
Streets and roads .
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
See footnotes at end of table.
10, 715
9,046
$1, 015, 765
1,006,347
$1.009
$1,809,868
4,849
24
643
4,048
1,151
4,014
22
557
3,469
984
529,077
72
31, 212
383,346
72, 058
453,953
149
41, 471
390,637
120,137
1.165
.483
.753
.981
.600
780,162
0
50,484
667, 300
111, 922
25
TABLE 11.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public W^orks
Administration Funds, February 1938 1—Continued
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum
number
employed 2
Weekly
average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
Average
earnings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds «
All projects 7
67,949
55,235
$5,034,059
6,184,801
$0,814
$9,450,857
Building construction 7
Electrification
_
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control-_
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
40,944
618
4,733
417
83
8,577
11,635
32,984
480
4,127
377
67
6,703
9,615
882
2,991, 987
36,401
465,697
44,674
6,652
460,468
912,610
115, 570
3, 441,536
44,913
559,036
52,829
8,195
805,839
1,141,227
131,226
.810
.833
.846
.812
.571
.800
.881
6,194, 254
97, 595
798,934
15, 911
21,042
770,014
1,326,030
227,077
942
i Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
* Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
»Includes weekly average for public roads.
* Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
8
Not available; weekly average included in total for all projects.
8
These data are also included in separate tables covering projects financed by The Works Program.
7
Includes a maximum of 3,908 and an average of 3,290 employees working on low-cost housing projects
financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 funds who were paid $443,844 for 407,300 man-hours of labor. Material orders
in the amount of $333,537 were placed for these projects. These data are also included in separate tables
covering projects financed from The Works Program.
Federal construction projects for which data are included in tables
11 and 12 are financed by allotments made by the Public Works
Administration to the various agencies and departments of the
Federal Government from funds provided under the National Industrial Recovery Act. The major portion of the low-cost housing program now under way, however, is financed by funds provided under
the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. The work is performed either by commercial firms which have been awarded contracts, or by day labor hired directly by the Federal agencies.
Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made by the Public
Works Administration from funds available under either the National
Industrial Recovery Act, the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act
of 1935, the First Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, or the Public
Works Administration Extension Act of 1937. Most of the allotments
have been made to the States and their political subdivisions, but
occasionally allotments have been made to commercial firms. In
financing projects for the States or their political subdivisions from
funds appropriated under the National Industrial Recovery Act, the
Public Works Administration makes a direct grant of not more than
30 percent of the total labor and material cost. When funds provided
under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, the First
Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1936, or the Public Works Administration Extension Act of 1937 are used to finance a non-Federal proj
26
ect, as much as 45 percent of the total cost may be furnished in the
form of a grant. The remaining 55 percent or more of the cost is
financed by the recipient. When circumstances justify such action,
the Public Works Administration may provide the grantee with the
additional funds by means of a loan. Allotments to commercial
enterprises are made only as loans. All loans made by the Public
Works Administration carry interest charges and have a definite
date of maturity. Collateral posted with the Public Works Administration to secure loans may be offered for sale to the public. In
this way a revolving fund is provided which enlarges the scope of the
activities of the Public Works Administration.
Commercial loans have been made, for the most part, to railroads.
Railroad work financed by loans made by the Public Works Administration falls under three headings: First, construction work in the
form of electrification, the laying of rails and ties, repairs to buildings,
bridges, etc.; second, the building and repairing of locomotives and
passenger and freight cars in shops operated by the railroads; and
third, locomotive and passenger- and freight-car building in commercial shops.
MONTHLY TREND
A summary of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
projects financed from Public Works Administration funds from July
1933 to February 1938, inclusive, is given in table 12.
TABLE 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1933 to February 1938, Inclusive, on
Projects Financed From Public Works Administration Funds l
[Subject to revision]
Maximum
number
of wage
earners *
Pay-roll disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
July 1933 to February 1938 K
$1,067,589,188
1,555,951,933
July to December 1933
January to December 1934. 3_.
January to December 1935 _.
January to December 1936 3.
January to December 19373.
33,244,066
308,393,662
270,548,829
271,331,937
168,952,517
62,209,479
523,484,012
392,127,344
353,259,435
206,780,970
.534
.589
7,836,628
7,281,549
9,293,040
8,797,653
.843
Year and month
January. _.
February..
Average
Value of
earnings material orders
per hour
placed
$1,860,025,613
.768
.817
1938*
96,725
91, 581
75,587,773
610,065,389
«439,244,485
< 432,513,423
275,757,903
4
14,943,433
11,913,207
1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work. Includes weekly average for public-roads projects.
3 Includes employees working on non-Federal projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 and 1936 funds and
low-cost housing projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1935 funds. Beginning with November 1937 data were
included on projects financed from E. R. A. A. 1937 funds. These data are also included in tables 13 and 14
covering projects financed by The Works Program. February figures include a maximum of 67,949 employees and a pay roll of $5,034,059.
4
Includes orders placed by railroads for new equipment.
27
THE WORKS PROGRAM
A detailed record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
on projects financed by The Works Program in February is shown in
table 13, by type of project.
TABLE 13.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by The Works Program,
February 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum Weekly
number
averemployed
age
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
Average
earnings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal projects
All projects
$7,325,807
14,975,695
44,244
234
7,477
4,856
2,488
10, 594
4,144
39,843
192
6,698
3,954
2,159
9,698
4,144
2,289,323
15,466
327,962
267,954
67,717
517,084
428,441
4,178,839
25,410
753,450
464,033
281,003
1,219,822
559,939
.548
.609
.435
.577
.241
.424
.765
4,184
35,291
16,410
8,780
448
8,032
3,255
33,822
213,845
1,935, 775
842,026
294, 246
14,200
111, 768
378,855
4,051,472
1,418,121
894,916
48,913
700,922
.564
.478
.594
.329
.290
.159
2147,182 135,335
Building construction
Electrification
Forestry 3
Grade-crossing elimination «
Hydroelectric power plants 4._
Plant, crop, and livestock conservation«.
Professional, technical, and clerical
4
Public roads
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
7,885
384
7,708
$0.489 $2,967,468
619,318
19,199
50,862
459, 204
70,037
37,208
917,882
290,767
102,338
5,056
32,994
P. W. A. projects financed from E. R. A. A. funds of 1935,1936,
and 1937 «
All projects
2 67,949
55, 235
$5,034,059
6,184,801
Building construction
Electrification
Heavy engineering
Reclamation
40,944
618
4,733
417
32,984
480
4,127
377
2,991,987
36, 401
465, 697
44, 674
3,441, 536
44,913
559,036
52,829
$0.814 $9,450,857
.810
.833
.846
6,194, 254
97, 595
798, 934
15,911
River, harbor, and flood control.
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
83
8,577
11, 635
942
67
6,703
9,615
882
6,652
460,468
912, 610
115, 570
8,195
805,839
1,141,227
131,226
.812
.571
.800
.881
21,042
770,014
1,326,030
227,077
Projects operated by Works Progress Administration
Allprojects
82,073,759
$102,096,059 203,558,366
$0,502
7
00
1
Unless otherwise noted data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 The data for the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, under plant, crop, and livestock conservation, and the Bureau of Forest Service, under forestry, are for the calendar month.
4
These data are for projects under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
* These data are for projects under construction in Puerto Rico.
6
Includes data for 64,041 employees working on non-Federal projects and 3,908 employees working on
low-cost housing projects. These data are included in separate tables covering projects under the jurisdiction of P. W. A.
7
Data are for the calendar month. Not available by type of project.
fi
Represents number of names on pay roll for week ending Feb. 26,1938.
8
Data on a monthly basis are not available.
28
MONTHLY TREND
Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects financed
by The Works Program from the beginning of the program in July 1935
to February 1938, inclusive, are given in table 14.
TABLE 14.—Employment and Pay Rolls, July 1935 to February 1938, Inclusive, on
Projects Financed by The Works Program 1
FSubject to revision]
Month and year
Maximum
number
employed 2
Number of
man-hours
worked
Pay-roll disbursements
Average Value of maearnings terial orders
placed
per hour
Federal projects
July 1935 to February 1938, inclusive-
$444,057,661
January...
February..
925,393,735
$0,480
$296,090,928
34,813, 554
241,066,237
152,878,569
July to December 1935
January to December 1936 *_.
January to December 1937...
77,558,683
522,135,029
295,002,722
.449
.462
.518
34,358,011
174,427,865
80,737,730
7,973,494
7,325,807
15,721,606
14,975,695
.507
3,599,854
2,967,468
1938
157,827
147,182
P. W. A. projects financed from E. R. A. A. funds of 1935, 1936,
and 1937 «
July 1935 to February 1938, inclusive-
$242,743,930
January...
February..
310,752,409
$0.781
$446,365,220
1,132,784
123,396,077
108,004,572
July to December 1935
January to December 1936..
January to December 1937..
1,718, 758
163,682,866
132,987,169
.754
.812
2,095,506
229,999,173
193,457,830
5,176,438
5,034,059
6,178,815
6,184,801
.814
11,361,854
9,450,857
1938
67,967
67,949
Projects operated by Works Progress Administration
July 1935 to February 1938, inclusive-
$3,213,678,843
January...
February..
6,686,146,745
$0.481
238,018,075
1, 592,942,964
1,187,661,083
July to December 1935
January to December 1936...
January to December 1937...
570,184,607
3, 432,621,686
2,297,005,627
.417
.464
.517
92,960,662
102,096,059
182,776,459
203,558,366
8
.509
.502
'$948,201,876
1938
1,898,162
2,073,759
1
Unless otherwise noted data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month on Federal and P . W. A. projects by each
contractor and Government agency doing force-account work.
«Revised.
4
These data are included in tables covering projects under the jurisdiction of The Public Works Administration. The data for February 1938 include 64,041 employees working on non-Federal projects and 3,908
employees working on low-cost housing projects.
5
These data are for the calendar month and exclude both work projects and Student Aid projects of tho
National Youth Administration, which appear in a separate table.
8
Data on a monthly basis are not available. This total represents expenditures through December 1937
and includes rentals and services and some sponsors' contributions. In the future data will be presented
quarterly.
Table 15 shows the employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
on work projects of the National Youth Administration from January
1936 to February 1938, inclusive. Similar data for Student Aid are
shown from September 1935 to January 1938, inclusive.
29
TABLE 15. -Employment and Pay Rolls from Beginning of Program Through February
19389 on National Youth Administration Projects Financed by The Works Program 1
fSubject to revision]
Month and year
Number of Pay-roll dispersons
employed bursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
Work projects
January 1936 to February 1938, inclusive-
$66,702,089
January...
February..
1988
75,827,799
87,092,351
2,549,914
2,667,226
$0,377 2 $5,549,074
177,105,195
28,883,589
32,601,360
7,288,377
January to December 1936_.
January to December 1937..
144,797
151,406
.374
.370
Student Aid
September 1935 to January 1938, inclusive
$58,233,433
194,736,260
6,363,503
25,888,559
19,612,976
85,424,616
82,756,012
$0,299
:-=
.324
.303
.290
1,992,810
6,942,656
.287
September to December 1935.
January to December 1936
January to December 1937
January..
1988
306,341
1
Data are for a calendar month.
* Data on a monthly basis are not available. This total represents expenditures through December 1937,
and includes rentals and services and some sponsors' contributions. In the future data will be presented
quarterly.
3
No expenditures for materials on this type of project.
CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS
Statistics concerning employment and pay rolls in the Civilian
Conservation Corps in January and February 1938 are presented in
table 16. The Civilian Conservation Corps is usually regarded as a
part of The Works Program, although it is now financed by a separate
appropriation.
TABLE 16.—Employment and Pay Rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps, January
and February 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees
Amount of pay rolls
Group
February
January
February
January
All groups.
328,044
335,244
$15,062,322
$15,444,234
Enrolled personnel a . . _. . .
Reserve officers
_.
Nurses 3
Educational advisers 3
3
Supervisory and technical
283,879
5,229
284
1,569
37,083
290,228
5,289
282
1,596
37,849
8,851,770
1,350,319
30,789
277,428
4,552,016
9,060,949
1,396,037
28,976
254,987
4,703,285
.
i Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amount of pay rolls are for
the entire month.
* February data include 4,383 enrollees and pay roll of $92,337 outside continental United States; in January the numbers were 4,207 enrollees and $89,854.
8
Included in executive service, tables 9 and 10.
30
Employment and pay-roll data for the Civilian Conservation Corps
are collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Department, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce,
and the Department of the Interior. The monthly pay of the enrolled
personnel is $30 per month. Assistant leaders, not to exceed 10 percent of the total number of enrollees, may receive up to $36 per month,
and leaders, not to exceed 6 percent, may receive up to $45 per month.
Monthly statistics of employment and pay rolls in the Civilian
Conservation Corps from February 1937 to February 1938, inclusive,
are given in table 17.
TABLE 17.—Employment and Pay Rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps, by Months,
February 1937 Through February 1938 i
[Subject to revision]
Month
Number of Monthly paydisburseemployees roll ments
1937
February
March
April
May
June.
July.
August
September
394,521
307,336
369,309
348,905
323,626
348,779
327,360
289,167
$18,314,594
15, 770,090
17, 502,905
16,719,019
16,085,832
16,851,511
16,380,024
14,950,554
Number of Monthly paydisburseemployees rollments
Month
1937—Continued
October
NovemberDecember..
363,256
350,714
338,217
$15,622,911
16,335,299
15,824,325
1938
January.
February..
335,244
328,044
15,444,234
15,062,322
i Data on number of employees refer to employment on last day of month. Amount of pay rolls are for
entire month.
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY RECONSTRUCTION FINANCE
CORPORATION
Statistics of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation in February are presented in table 18, by type of project.
TABLE 18.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation, by Type of Project, February 1938 l
[Subject to revision]
Type of project
All projects.
Building construction a
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
Number
of wage
earners 8
3,481
242
3,107
132
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
$513,923
23,427
479,817
10,679
Number of
man-hours
worked
during
month
579,287
26,138
538, 537
14,612
Average
earnings
per hour
$0.887
.896
.891
.731
Value of
material
orders
placed during month
$774,216
13,997
759,600
619
1 Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month.
Includes 107 employees; pay-roll disbursements of $12,984; 9,897 man-hours worked; and material orders
placed during the month of $6,760 on projects financed by R F C Mortgage Co.
8
31
A monthly summary of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation from August 1934 to February 1938, inclusive,
is given in table 19.
TABLE 19.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation, April 1934 to February 1938, Inclusive 1
[Subject to revision]
Year and month
Maximum
number of Pay-roll disbursements
wage
earners 2
Number of
man-hours
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
April 1934 to February 1938-
$55, 225, 558
73,889,036
$0.747
$85,002,680
April to December 1934
January to December 1935. .
January to December 1936-.
January to December 1937-.
14,452,541
14,283,449
15,717,824
9,708,763
20,022,708
19,477,373
21,144,078
12,052,511
.722
.733
.743
.806
18,783,135
24,316,752
23,795,516
16,302,450
549,058
513,923
613,079
579,287
.887
1,030,611
774,216
January...
February..
1938
3,739
3,481
i Includes projectsfinancedby RFC Mortgage Co. Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
* Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month.
CONSTRUCTION
PROJECTS
FINANCED
FROM
REGULAR
FEDERAL
APPROPRIATIONS
When a construction contract is awarded or force-account work is
started by a Department or agency of the Federal Government, the
Bureau of Labor Statistics is immediately notified, on forms supplied
by the Bureau, of the name and address of the contractor, the amount
of the contract, and the type of work to be performed. Blanks are
then mailed by the Bureau to the contractor or Government agency
doing the work. These reports are returned to the Bureau and show
the number of men on pay rolls, and the amounts disbursed for pay,
the number of man-hours worked on the project, and the value of
the different types of materials for which orders were placed during
the month.
The following tables present data concerning construction projects
for which contracts have been awarded since July 1, 1934. The
Bureau does not have statistics covering projects financed from regular
Federal appropriations for which contracts were awarded previous to
that date.
Data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations
during February are given in table 20, by type of project.
32
TABLE 20.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction Projects Financed From Regular
Federal Appropriations, by Type of Project, February 1938 1
[Subject to revision]
Number of wage
earners
Type of project
All projects
Maximum Weekly
number
employed2 average
3 144,776
Building construction:
Nonresidential
Residential
Electrification:
Rural Electrification Admin
istration projects 4 . _
Other than R. E. A. projects..
Forestry
Heavy engineering
Public roads »
Reclamation
River, harbor, andfloodcontrol:
Dredging, dikes, revetments,
etc
_
Locks and dams
Ship construction:
Naval vessels
Other than naval vessels
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
Monthly Number of
pay-roll man-hours Average
worked earnings
disburseduring
per hour
ments
month
133,843 $14,016,649
19,230,730
$0,729
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
$18,223,822
16,958
614
14,039
585
1,472,267
32,893
1, 576,760
89,044
.934
2,154, 583
46,949
6,384
63
97
58
6
()
10,465
5,106
39
97
56
31,818
10,070
382,868
932
4, 563
11,043
2, 275, 414
1,300,151
696,456
1,776
14,036
7,314
4,180, 763
1, 593, 647
.550
.525
.325
1. 510
.544
.816
1,953,432
355
6,025
1,326
3, 792,35ft
1,015,117
27.499
6,358
23,116
5,745
2,331,659
716, 511
3,645, 594
941,868
.640
.761
2,669,186
1,32G, 575
41,117
245
1,897
78
1,095
40,170
214
1,777
60
921
5,282,932
22,674
97, 506
4,548
6,124,804
21, 536
210,997
4,497
121,638
.863
1.053
.462
1.011
.663
4,967,671
3,839
170, 535
11,778
104,095
1
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor, and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 Includes weekly average for public-road projects.
* Financed by Rural Electrification Administration loans.
* Under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public Roads.
* Not available; weekly average included in total for all projects.
Employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction
projects financed from regular Federal appropriations from August
1934 to February 1938, inclusive, are shown in table 21.
TABLE 21.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction Projects Financed From
Regular Federal Appropriations, August 1934 to February 1938, Inclusive *
[Subject to revision]
Year and month
Maximum
number Pay-roll disof wage
bursements
earners2
August 1934 to February 1938..
August to December 1934...
January to December 1935..
January to December 1936..
January to December 1937..
January...
February..
Number of
man-hours
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
$392,06S, 273
576,668,375
$0.680
$535,047,151
4, 767,402
31,645, 314
325,992,929
199,940,141
8,721,451
50,911,488
191,026, 676
285,330,817
!~547
.622
.660
.701
8,329,694
59,015,233
177,841,977
250,118,787
15, 705,838
14,016,649
21,447,213
19,230,730
.732
.729
21,517,638
18,223,822
19S8
153,864
144,776
1
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor, and Government
agency doing force-account work. Includes weekly average for public-road projects.
33
STATE-ROADS PROJECTS
A record of employment and pay-roll disbursements in the construction and maintenance of State roads from February 1937 to
February 1938, inclusive, is presented in table 22.
TABLE 22.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction and Maintenance of State Roads
February 1937, Through February 1938 *
fSubject to revision]
Number of employees working on 2—
Month
New roads
February
March
April
May
June
July
19S7
Total pay
roll
Total
11,706
11,802
13,164
17,241
19,382
25,140
132,492
130,848
137,925
176,408
167,774
175,047
$8,560,561
8,333,600
9,108,030
10,850,394
11,069,510
11,998,370
160,143
167,028
160,045
163,182
146,340
188,522
193,660
187,325
192,673
170,165
12,815,790
12,843,370
12,134,860
12,776,701
10,377,340
15,394
12,252
1988
120,786
119,046
124,761
159,167
148,392
149,907
28,379
26,632
27,280
29,491
23,825
August
September
October.
November
December
January
February
Maintenance
126,565
115,710
141,959
127,962
9,577,200
8,789,148
1 Excluding employment furnished by projects financed from Public Works Administration and Works
Progress Administration funds. Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
* Average number working during month.
n
@FedFRASER