Full text of Employment and Payrolls : February 1935
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Serial No. R. 221
U N I T E D STATES D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R
Frances Perkins, Secretary
B U R E A U O F L A B O R STATISTICS
Isador Lukin, Commissioner
T
r
e
n
d
o
f
E
m
p
l
o
y
m
+
February 1935
+
Prepared by
Division of Employment Statistics
L ewis
E. T a l b e r t , Chief
and
Division of Construction and Public Employment
H
erman
B. Byer, Chief
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON :1935
e
n
t
CONTENTS
Page
Employment in February 1935_____________________________________
1
Industrial employment____________________________________________
2
Manufacturing industries______________________________________ 2-14
Long-time trend of factory employment and pay rolls--------- 9-11
Estimated number of wage earners and weekly pay rolls_______ 12-14
Nonmanufacturing industries__________________________________ 14-23
Indexes of employment and pay-roll totals in nonmanufacturing
industries_____________________________________________ 16-18
Employment in building construction________________________18-22
Employment by class I railroads------------ ----- ---------22-23
Trend of industrial employment by States_______________________ 23-31
Industrial employment and pay rolls in principal cities____________
32
32
Public employment______________________ _________________________
Employment and pay rolls in the Federal service_________________ 33-35
Employment created by Public Works Administration funds_______ 35-37
Comparison by geographic divisions._______________________ 37-39
Monthly trend___________________________________________ 39-40
Value of material orders placed____________________________ 40-43
Emergency-work program------------------------ -------------43-44
Emergency conservation work_________________________________ 44-45
State-road projects------------------------------------------- 45-46
Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Cor
poration__________________________________________________ 46-48
Construction projects financed from regular appropriations_________ 48-51
Wage-rate changes--- ------------ ------------------------- -----51-55
Manufacturing industries______________________________________51-54
Nonmanufacturing industries__________________________________ 54-55
(ii)
TR EN D OF EM PLO YM ENT
Em ploym ent in F e bru ary 1935
O N T I N U E D expansion in the rate of business activity in Feb
ruary resulted in a further rise in industrial employment. In
the aggregate, approximately 205,000 more workers had jobs in
industries canvassed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in midFebruary than on the corresponding date of the month preceding.
The combined weekly pay rolls in February show an increase of
about $11,600,000 over January.
A major factor in the February upturn was the rise of 3.2 percent
in factory employment. This increase w as greater than seasonal and
it brings the index of employment in manufacturing industries to
81.2 percent of the 1923-25 average, the highest figure reached since
last May. Compared with the corresponding month of 1934, factory
employment in February shows an increase of 4.5 percent.
A number of important nonmanufacturing industries also show
increased employment in February. Employment in both branches
of the coal-mining industry, for example, was higher than in January.
Gains were also reported in metal mining, quarrying, and several of
the service industries. A small increase is likewise shown in the
number of wage earners employed by the class I railroads.
Although the trend of industrial employment during the month
was definitely upward, declines were reported in several industries.
Employment in the beet-sugar industry in February shows a sharp
seasonal decrease of 16.5 percent in comparison with the previous
month. Among the other manufacturing industries showing declines
were slaughtering and meat-packing, cottonseed oil-cake-meal, and
canning. Of the nonmanufacturing industries, declines are shown
for building construction, public utilities, crude-petroleum producing,
banks, brokerage houses, dyeing and cleaning establishments, and
the retail trade.
In contrast with the trend of industrial employment, public e m
ployment fell off slightly in February. Reports from all Federal
agencies indicate that approximately 25,000 fewer workers were on
public pay rolls in February than in the preceding month. The
decrease in public employment was due in large measure to reductions
in the number of workers employed on projects financed by the Public
C
(1)
2
W o r k s
Administration
There w a s
Conservation
are
a n d
the Reconstruction Finance
also a r e d u c t i o n in t h e n u m b e r
s h o w n
C a m p s .
in
the
O n
the
n u m b e r
w o r k
p r o g r a m
of
the
Small
increases
were
tive services of t h e
other hand,
of
workers
Federal
likewise
Federal
of m e n
increases in e m p l o y m e n t
engaged
E m e r g e n c y
reported
in
Corporation.
w o r k i n g in Civilian
o n
the
Relief
the
emergency-
Administration.
executive
a n d
legisla
Govern men t.
Industrial E m p l o y m e n t
Manufacturing Industries
T aking
the 3-year a v e r a g e of 1 9 2 3 - 2 5 as
Statistics* i n d e x
In
comparison
percent.
A n
of factory
with
in
factory
the a d v a n c e
vigorous t h a n usual.
100,
the B u r e a u of L a b o r
for F e b r u a r y
the previous m o n t h
increase
this s e a s o n , b u t
e m p l o y m e n t
stood
at
81.2.
this r e p r e s e n t s a g a i n o f 3.2
e m p l o y m e n t
is
to
be
expected
during the current year w a s
m u c h
at
m o r e
D u r i n g t h e 16 y e a r s for w h i c h reco r d s are avail
able the 1 9 3 5 increase in e m p l o y m e n t in m a n u f a c t u r i n g establishments
has been
E v e n
exceeded
m o r e
increase
o nly once.
striking t h a n
in factory
p a y
t h e rise o f t h e e m p l o y m e n t i n d e x w a s
r o ll s.
F o r
February
69.1, a g a i n of 7.8 p e r c e n t in c o m p a r i s o n
the
with
the
pay-roll i n d e x
the
preceding
w a s
mo n t h .
T h e m o r e p r o n o u n c e d i n c r e a s e o f t h e p a y - r o l l i n d e x is l a r g e l y e x p l a i n e d
b y the fact that the J a n u a r y p a y p eriod w a s influenced to s o m e ext e n t
b y the N e w
ning
of
d o u bt
s o m e
also
T h e
gains
in
shared
the
s a m e
industries
groups
in
year
for i n v e n t o r y
curtailed in
a n d
February,
repairs.
as
a
W o r k i n g
n u m b e r
time
w a s
of establishments
n o
in
parts of the c o u n t r y o b s e r v e Lincoln's birthday.
being
A t
Y e a r holiday a n d the c u s t o m a r y s h u t - d o w n s at the begin
the
factory
b y
72
time,
covered.
s h o w e d
January.
a
T h e
of
e m p l o y m e n t
the
90
increased
O f
the
smaller
p a y
u p
this g r o u p
establishments
percent
in
Al th o u g h
n o u n c e d
February
rolls w e r e
v o l u m e
transportation
reported
of
e m p l o y m e n t
e quipment
manufacturing
plants
widespread,
b y
surveyed.
76
of
the
February
with
a
than
rise
of
A l l five o f t h e i n d u s t r i e s t h a t m a k e
railroad
were
the
the transportation e q u i p m e n t
gain, substantial
in
group,
c o n t r i b u t e d to t h e increase, b u t
automobile
were
industries
14 m a j o r industry groups, only the food
9.2 percent, s h o w s t h e largest gain.
in
in
manufacturing
increases
m o s t
group
were
a gain of 27.5 percent
cars
a n d
a
gain
important
shows
likewise
the
of
m o s t
reported
8.7
factors.
b y
pro
the
s t o n e , c l a y , a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s , i r o n a n d steel, l u m b e r , a n d n o n f e r r o u s
metal
b y
groups.
Smaller
the mach i n e r y
repair
gains
s h o p s , textiles, l e a t h e r ,
groups.
of
less
than
4
percent
were
s h o w n
(not including transportation e q u i p m e n t ) , railroad
tobacco,
paper,
chemical,
a n d
rubber
3
O n
b y
the other hand,
the food group
contraction
in
a moderate
decline of 0.6 p e r c e n t w a s
in F e b r u a r y .
the
This
slaughtering
a n d
decline w a s
reported
chiefly d u e
to th e
industry.
Other
meat-packing
industries in the f o o d g r o u p w h i c h r e p o r t e d decreases in e m p l o y m e n t
were
beet
sugar,
butter,
canning
a n d
preserving,
a n d
cane-sugar
refining.
Aside
from
groups
the
reported
declines in
decreased
the
food
group,
employment.
13
F o r
industries in
the
m o s t
other
part,
h o w
ever, these declines w e r e of m i n o r i m p o r t a n c e .
I t is s i g n i f i c a n t t h a t t h e m o s t
substantial increases in e m p l o y m e n t
o v e r t h e m o n t h interval w e r e r e p o r t e d b y t h e d u r a b l e - g o o d s industries.
A s
against
of
industries,
4.8
a n
increase
percent.
T h e
striking w h e n
p a y
rolls
in
c o m p a r e d
of 2
percent
for t h e
in
durable-goods
e m p l o y m e n t
contrast
p a y rolls a r e
February
the
between
the
compared.
were
11.6
nondurable-goods
t w o
F o r
percent
group
groups
the
even
m o r e
durable-goods
group
higher
is
group
advanced
than
w i t h a rise o f o n l y 4 . 4 p e r c e n t i n t h e p a y
in
January,
rolls o f t h e n o n
durable-goods group.
T h e
Bureau's
c o m p u t e d
90
from
indexes
manufacturing
were
received
workers
received
f rom
percent
of the
e m p l o y m e n t
the
country.
were
February
cooperating
total w a g e
a n d
p a y
rolls
are
representative e s t a b l ishments in
In February,
establishments
earnings
nearest
these
of
23,659
weekly
ending
factory
industries
from
wh o s e
period
of
returns supplied b y
employing
$78,241,493
15.
T h e
during
the
e m p l o y m e n t
establishments
earners in
reports
3,737,389
cover
m o r e
all m a n u f a c t u r i n g
p a y
reports
than
50
industries in
the country.
T h e inform a t i o n furnished b y the cooperating firms n o t o n l y affords
a reliable g u i d e to t h e total v o l u m e
manufacturing
weekly
industries,
earnings.
In
but
also
February
of
e m p l o y m e n t
shows
average
the
per
i n all m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d
a n d
trend
capita
p a y
of
rolls i n
per
weekly
rose 4.5 per c e n t
capita
earnings
above
the
J a n u a r y level, a n d i n c o m p a r i s o n w i t h F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 4 s h o w a n i n c r e a s e
o f 9.1 p e r c e n t .
G a i n s in p e r capita earnings o v e r J a n u a r y are s h o w n
in
manufacturing
75
of
the
90
in c o m p a r i s o n
with
the
industries
previous
m o n t h
canvassed.
ranged
T h e
f rom
0.1
increases
percent
to
15.3 percent.
T h e
per
confused
b y
capita
weekly
earnings
w i t h full-time w e e k l y
simply
d i v i d i n g t h e total a m o u n t
total n u m b e r
of e m p l o y e e s
s h o w n
in
table
rates of w a g e s .
of p a y
1
T h e y
m u s t
not
be
are c o m p u t e d
roll f o r t h e w e e k
b y
the
(part-time as well as full-time w o r k e r s ) .
T h e i n f o r m a t i o n f u r n i s h e d b y t he identical m a n u f a c t u r i n g establish
m e n t s i n d i c a t e t h a t f o r all m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s t h e a v e r a g e h o u r s
w o r k e d
January
per
w e e k
a n d
that
during
February
average
hourly
were
3.7
earnings
percent
higher
increased
0.4
than
in
percent
4
over
January.
average
O f
hours
the
industries
w o r k e d
a n d
46
covered,
reported
67
s h o w e d
increased
increases
hourly
in
earnings.
All of the reporting establishments d o n o t s u p p l y m a n - h o u r i n f o r m a
tion.
In
w o r k e d
per
consequence,
w e e k
a n d
the
Bureau's
average
hourly
figures
o n
average
hours
earnings
are
c o m p u t e d
fr om
d a t a furnished b y a smaller n u m b e r of establishments t h a n are c o v e r e d
in
the
hours
m o n t h l y
w o r k e d
survey
per
of
w e e k
manufacturing
a n d
hourly
for t h o s e industries for w h i c h
industries.
average
T h e
average
earnings are given only
available information
covers
at
least
2 0 p e r c e n t o f all e m p l o y e e s i n t h e i n d u s t r y .
Detailed
hours
in
are
statistics
w o r k e d
February
concerning
per week,
for e a c h
presented
in
table
of
a n d
per
the
90
1.
T h e
c h a n g e s in c o m p a r i s o n w i t h
sponding m o n t h
of last y e a r .
employment,
capita w e e k l y
manufacturing
table
also
gives
the previous m o n t h
p a y
a n d
rolls,
average
hourly
earnings
industries
a
canvassed
clear v i e w
a n d
with
of
the
the corre
Table 1.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing Industries, February 1935
Industry
Index
Feb
ruary
1936
(3-year
aver
age
1923-25
=100)
Per capita weekly
earnings1
P a y roll
Employment
Percentage
change from—
Janu
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
Index
Feb
ruary
1935
(3-year
aver
age
1923-25
=100)
Percentage
change from—
J anu
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
Average hours w o r k e d
per w e e k i
Ja n u
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
$20.93
+4 . 5
+9 . 1
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Aver
age in
Feb
ruary
1935
Average hourly
earnings1
Aver
age in
Feb
ruary
1935
Aver
age m
Feb
ruary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
2 36.4
+ 3. 7
+1 . 9
>56.7
+0.4
+5.9
Cents
J anu
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
Ja n u
ary
1935
A H industries.......................... ....... -
81.2
+3.2
+4.5
69.1
+7 .8
+14.0
D u r a b l e - g o o d s g r o u p ...... ..... ......... ....
69.3
+4.8
+9.1
58.6
+11.6
+22.3
70.7
72.9
78.0
48.6
+ 4.3
+5.0
-3.4
-2.6
+6.2
+8.3
-.5
-2.0
59.0
63.8
63.8
25.6
+13.7
+18.3
+2 . 4
-4 .4
+29.1
+38.4
+16.0
-5. 2
23.81
20.54
14.74
+12.7
+ 6.0
-1.7
+28.0
+16.8
-3. 0
35.7
37.1
29.2
+11.2
+6.6
-2.3
+15.9
+10.8
-5.0
66.8
55.5
50.0
+.9
-.4
+.8
+9.5
+5.2
+2.3
78.4
61.1
66.2
70.2
+3. 4
+6.5
+9.0
+4.8
+5.7
+9.5
-23.7
+28.6
60.0
51.0
49.6
42.9
+8 .2
+12.6
+19.0
+6.1
+13.2
+19.2
-11.0
+54.9
20.92
23.99
20.42
19.23
+4 . 7
+5.7
+ 9.3
+1. 2
+7 . 0
+8 .9
+17.4
+20.7
38.1
39.5
36.5
36.0
+3. 5
+5.6
+7.4
+.8
+2.2
+1 . 3
+17.6
+18.0
54.8
61.1
56.0
53.3
+.7
+.3
+1. 8
+.4
+4.6
+10.2
-2.C
+3.2
49.6
89.0
63.8
86.4
+3.5
+9.9
-3.8
+.4
+9.3
+18.0
+1.9
+7.3
33.1
63.3
37.6
77.3
+6 . 9
+14.3
-4.7
- 4.2
+23.5
+31.1
+12.2
+9.6
21.85
19.74
19.61
18.87
+ 3. 3
+ 4.1
-1.0
-4.6
+13.4
+11.0
+9.6
+2.1
36.3
35.3
32.9
35.4
+3.7
+1 . 7
-2.4
- 4.8
+3 . 8
-.8
+1 . 8
+1 . 9
60.2
55.8
59.6
53.0
-.2
+2 . 4
+1 . 4
(3)
+8.5
+6.7
+8.0
-1.1
63.3
122.5
+ 4.0
+ 1.5
+3.8
+1. 5
59.2
114.2
+9 .3
+11.2
+21.8
+23.5
21.41
22.58
+5.1
+9.6
+16.9
+21.9
39.2
38.8
+5.7
+8.7
+3.8
+13.3
54.7
58.1
-.6
+ 1. 0
+15.4
+8.1
82.1
92.7
+3.1
+3.5
+12.6
+22.6
64.3
100.9
+5.8
+ 3. 5
+24.1
+33.3
23.03
+(<)
+8.5
38.4
- 1.3
-3.6
60.3
+.7
+13.4
102.1
67.5
85.5
+.4
+ 2.5
+7.5
+4 .0
+14.0
+36.1
82.0
55.0
59.9
+3 . 5
+4 . 9
+10.0
+14.2
+34.5
+51.3
26.42
22.99
25.18
+3.1
+2 . 3
+ 2. 3
+9 . 8
+18.0
+11.1
39.2
35.7
38.5
+3.4
+2.0
+2.7
+3 . 9
+ 6. 7
+4.6
67.8
63.1
65.3
-.7
-.2
-.5
+ 4.7
+7.1
+6 . 2
I r o n a n d steel a n d their products, n o t in clu d
i n g m a c h i n e r y _______________ ______ __________
Blast furnaces, steel works, a n d rolling mills___
Bolts, nuts, washers, a n d rivets................
Cast-iron pipe................................
Cutlery (not including silver a n d plated cut
lery), a n d edge tools.........................
Forgings, iron a n d steel.......................
H a r d w a r e .....................................
Pl umbers’supplies............................
S t e a m a n d hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings...............................
Stoves........................................
Structural a n d ornamental met alw ork .........
T i n cans a n d other tinware....................
Tools (not including edge tools, machi ne tools,
files, a n d saws)..............................
W i r e w o r k .....................................
M a c h i n e r y , n o t i n c l u d i n g transportation
e a u i o m e n t ___
__________________________
Agricultural implements......................
C a s h registers, adding machines, a n d calculat
ing machines................................
Electrical machinery, apparatus, a n d supplies..
Engines, turbines, tractors, a n d water wheels—
See footnotes atend oftable.
Table 1.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing Industries, February 1935— Continued
Employment
Industry
M a c h i n e r y , n o t incl udi ng t ran sp o r t a t i o n
e q u i p m e n t — Continued.
F o u n d r y a n d machine-shop products... ......
M a c h i n e tools....................... .........
Radios a n d phonographs.................... .
Textile machinery a n d parts--------- --------Typewriters a n d parts........... .............
Transportation e q u i p m e n t
__ _____ ______
Aircraft.......................................
Automobiles.................... .............
Cars, electric- a n d steam-railroad.......... —
Locomotives.....................-............
Shipbuilding............ .....................
Ra ilroad repair s h o p s
__ ___________
Electric railroad__.............................
S t e a m railroad................................
N o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s a n d their prod uct s. .......
A l u m i n u m manufactures.............. -......
Brass, bronze, a n d copper products,.......... .
Clocks a n d watches a n d time-recording devices.
Jewelry............................ -.........
Lighting e qui p m e n t ...........................
Silverware an d plated w a r e ....................
Smelting a n d refining— copper, lead, an d zinc...
S t a m p e d a n d enameled w a r e ..................
L u m b e r a n d allied pr o d u c t s
_________________
Furniture.....................................
Lumber:
Millwork.................... .............
Sawmills....................... ..........
Turpentine a n d rosin..........................
Index
Feb
ruary
1935
(3-year
aver
age
1923-25
=100)
Per capita weekly
earnings 1
P a y roll
Percentage
change from—
Janu
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
72.0
76.9
186.0
64.8
98.6
100.9
323.9
117.5
43.6
30.9
72.8
52.9
65.9
51.9
79.2
65.0
80.8
78.0
70.6
68.3
67.5
75.0
94.3
49.4
66.9
+4.0
+5.2
-2.3
+1 .0
-2.9
+9.2
+5.0
+8.7
+27.5
+2.2
+6.6
+2.5
+1.0
+2.6
+4.3
+6 .2
+7.1
+1.2
+3.0
+3.1
-.4
+2.0
+5.8
+4.9
+4.3
+12.3
+13.4
+4.8
-12.6
+8.5
+19.3
-6.7
+20.6
+15.6
+58.5
+10.3
-.9
+.2
-1.1
+11.7
-18.3
+11.1
+24.2
+16.3
+10.2
+1.2
+17.0
+18.2
+4.9
+7. 2
37.9
32.7
96.3
+5.7
+5.9
+.7
+5. 0
+4.5
-2.3
Index
Feb
ruary
1935
(3-year
aver
age
1923-25
=100)
Percentage
change from—
Ja nu
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
+8.1
+8. 6
-7 .7
+1.1
-6.7
+19.3
+5. 6
+19.7
+36.7
+ 2.8
+6 .3
+9 .6
+ 2.9
+10.1
+8.6
+14.9
+8 .4
+11.5
+6.3
+4.9
+8.4
+3 .2
+11.9
+9. 8
+ 8.3
+22.7
+16.6
+6 .9
-13.2
+7.1
+31.7
-12.8
+34.0
+22.6
+76.6
+21.8
+5. 3
+5.9
+5.1
+31.5
-3.9
+23.0
+25.1
+18.2
+18.8
+10.5
+27.3
+31.1
+14.1
+16.3
25.3
+9. 6 +16.6
21.4 +12.1 +12.0
54.21 +2 .8
+4.8
55.7
63.2
103.2
52.6
79.5
94.7
265.4
110.3
43.4
13.6
59.7
48.0
59.7
47.2
63.4
58.7
63.2
62.9
54.0
57.4
51.5
48.0
86.8
34.8
47.1
Average hours wo r k e d
per w e e k 1
Percentage
change from—
Aver
age in
Feb
ruary
1935
Janu
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
21.93
24.45
17.93
22.16
20.94
+ 3.9
+ 3.3
-5.5
+• 1
-3.9
+9 .6
+2 .8
+2.1
+.2
-1.1
24.22
27.84
21.16
21.38
23.60
+. 6
+10.1
+7.2
+.5
-.3
27.04
25.50
Average hourly
earnings1
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Aver
age in
Feb
ruary
1935
Janu
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
36.6
39.9
31.2
36.3
36.2
+4 .3
+ 3.1
-4.3
+.6
-5.2
+4 .1
-2.5
- 3. 2
-4.3
-11.4
-6.8
+10.9
+ 6.4
+10.5
+10.5
38.9
39.7
34.6
34.2
30.7
+• 5
+11.2
+6.5
-.3
-3. 2
+1 . 9
+7 . 4
+ 5.6
+6 . 4
44.8
39.3
20.82
22.42
18.34
19.64
20.04
21.29
20.95
19.14
+8 . 3
+1 . 2
+10.2
+3.1
+1 .8
+ 8.8
+1.1
+5 .8
+18.0
+10.9
+ 1.7
+1 . 6
+7 .9
+ 8.9
+8 .6
+10.7
16.56
+3 .9
15.59
14.94
13.55
+ 3.7
+5 .9
+2.0
Av e r
age in
Feb
ruary
1935
Cents
' 59.9
Ja n u
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
61.4
57.5
61.1
57.8
-0.3
+.2
-1. 2
-.5
+1 .6
+5.3
+4.3
+4.3
+3.0
+12.1
-6.3
(3)
-.6
+4.4
+1. 6
64.3
70.2
61.4
62.5
76.2
-.6
-.9
+1. 0
+.6
+2.1
+2.9
+9.9
+ 5.2
+5.1
+12.2
+1.4
+7 .1
+1.8
+.9
59.9
65.0
00
+.5
+ 5.8
+5.4
39.1
39.5
38.5
36.5
37.6
36.3
38.6
38.1
+11.1
+2 . 6
+11.0
+ 4. 0
+4 .7
+6. 5
+ 2. 9
+8 . 2
+44.4
+6.4
-4.2
-2.2
+5 . 8
+1 . 3
+3.1
+4. 6
53.2
56.9
47.7
53.7
54.2
58.1
54.2
50.2
-2.8
-1.4
-.6
+.2
-2.6
+ 2.3
-1.6
-2.1
+3.3
+6.0
+6.7
+7.1
+1.4
+8.4
+5.6
+7. 7
+8.2
37.4
+5 . 9
+5.2
44.2
-1.3
+1.5
+10.7
+7.2
+7. 2
35.3
34.7
+5 . 4
+4 .8
+7.4
+5 . 5
44.2
43.4
-1.3
+1 . 2
+ 2.4
+.1
126816— 35-- 2
St on e , d a y , a n d glass p r o d u c t s ...........
Brick, tile, a n d terra cotta...............
C e m e n t .................................
Glass....................................
Marble, granite, slate, a n d other products.
Pottery.................................
49.6
26.7
37.8
91.7
22.6
71.4
+5.1
+3.8
+1.6
+6.1
+13.0
+2.1
-.4
+.4
-7.8
+2.5
-18.4
+3.0
34.8
15.0
22.1
75.6
14.4
50.3
+10.1
+15.1
+4.1
+ 8.3
+30.2
+7. 2
N o n d u r a b l e - g o o d s g r o u p .................
94.1
+2.0
+1.2
82.5
+4.4
Textiles a n d their p r o d u c t s ........... ....
Fabrics................ .................
Carpets a n d m g s ..... ..............
Cotton goods........................
Cotton small wares....... ..........
Dy e i n g a n d finishing textiles.. _.....
Hats, fur-felt......... ....... ......
Knit goods... .... .......... ......
Silk a n d rayon goods................
W o o l e n a n d worsted goods........ .
Wea rin g apparel.... ................ ...
Clothing, m e n ’
s...................
Clothing, w o m e n ’
s... ..............
Corsets a n d allied garments_________
Men’
s furnishings...................
Millinery...... ...... ..............
Shirts a n d collars......... ..........
L e a t h e r a n d its m a n u f a c t u r e s ...........
Boots a n d shoes.................. ......
Leather........... ......... ...........
F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ..............
Ba k i n g ............................. ....
Beverages...............................
Butter... ............................. .
C a n nin g a n d preserving.................
Confectionery................ ..........
Flour_________ ____________ _________ ___
Icecr eam................ ...............
Slaughtering a n d m e a t packing........ .
Sugar, beet............... ..............
Sugar refining, cane.....................
T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ........ ..........
C h e w i n g an d smoking tobacco a n d snufL
Cigars a n d cigarettes............ ..... .
P a p e r a n d printing........ ...............
Boxes, paper............ ........ ..... .
Paper a n d pulp.........................
Printing a n d publishing:
B o o k a n d job... ........ ...........
Ne wsp ape rs a n d periodicals.........
98.4
97.2
69.7
96.7
90.9
117.8
82.1
112.5
81.3
93.9
96.8
91.8
125.1
90.3
108.0
66.5
99.8
91.6
90.7
95.6
93.8
111.3
145.7
67.6
58.3
80.3
76.5
61.3
87.2
35.7
81.5
57.3
72.6
55.3
96.7
84.6
108.7
+3.4
+1.5
+4.9
+.4
+7.1
+.6
+3.5
+ 3. 0
+.7
+2 .2
+8.3
+9.4
+6.7
-.6
+14.4
+ 6.5
+10.4
+3.7
+4.3
+1.7
-.6
+4.3
+.8
-1.0
-4.8
+2.1
+.4
+.9
-7.5
-16.5
-3.4
+1 .4
-1.2
+1. 8
+1. 2
+1. 7
+1.8
+1.7
+.8
(3)
-3.1
+4.8
+4 .2
-1.3
+5. 0
-4.9
+9.3
+3. 6
+7. 4
+5.1
-1.2
+6.9
-20.7
+1. 2
+1.4
+1 .2
+2.1
-. 1
+2. 7
+3. 0
-8.9
+7 .4
+1.4
+1.5
+7.4
-8.7
+14.8
-2.0
-7.7
-10.4
-7.4
+9.9
+4.8
+ 6. 0
84.5
84.5
60.5
82.8
82.0
100.6
81.2
112.1
70.0
74.9
79.5
71.8
101.6
90.5
75.2
58.7
95.7
82.5
79.2
92.6
83.4
93.7
137.2
52.2
64.8
70.3
66.1
49.6
76.5
37.1
69.6
40.8
66.7
37.5
84.1
76.5
86.8
+7. 6
+2 . 8
+9.0
+1.2
+11.3
-2. 0
+17.1
+5.5
+2 . 2
+2. 4
+19.4
+25.9
+15.8
+5 .3
+25.5
+8.8
+23.1
+8.0
+9 . 2
+4.6
+.1
+4. 5
+2. 9
+.9
+.7
+4 . 3
+3.6
+2.0
-9.0
-5.5
-2.01
-1.7
-2.5
- 1.8
+.8
+2 .1
+4 . 0
+8 . 5
+7.9
+26.0
+2 . 7
+11.4
+4.2
+3 . 6
+13.3
+. 6
+16.3
+1.0
+18.5
+8.0
+5 . 6
+6. 1
-17.7
+13.9
+1 . 0
-2. 2
+12.1
+2 .8
+2 . 5
+6.8
-7. 6
+13.9
+4.6
+7. 3
+12.0
-2.7
+26.2
+4. 8
-10.3
-10.0
-10.5
+10.7
+9. 9
+13.6
89.3
98.0
+1.8
-.4
+5.1
<3)
78.1
88.8
+(*)
-.8
+14.3
+5. 7
Seefootnotes atend oftable.
+4.5 .
15.32
+14.5
17.73?
-1.8
19.36
+2 .9
20.4*
-12.7
+14.1
18.31
+10.8
+2 . 5
+2.1
+13.3
+6 . 3
+.6
+6.3
+5.0 +11.8
+15.3
32.6
30.3
33.6
31.8
35.0
+7. 6
+4 .1
+.9
+3 . 9
+4. 8
+1.1
4?. 7
58.4
57.6
66.5
51.9
+4.7
+.8
+4 . 4
+.8
+2.8
319
+11.6
-.9
-4 .2
-3.7
+.4
-1.7
+.9
+5 . 4
+7. 5
+1.6
+8.8
+5. 2
+10.1
+8.1
-.9
+11.8
-.8
-.6
+.9
+.4
+6.0
+7 .3 .
.
.
19.78
13.52
17.20
19.66
22.81
16.95
15.82
18.27
18.53
19.54
16.18
13.81
20.37
12.77
19; 13
21.20
21.05
28.80
20.33
li06
I OI
+3.9
+26.0
+3.9
-2 .5
+13.1
+2.4
+1.5
+6.4
+.8
+6.2
(3)
+4.8
+8.0
+5.8
+.2 +6.6
+15.1 +10.6
+8.4 + 2 . 5
+6.0 +7 . 2
+9.6
-.8
+2.2 + 4 . 3
+11.5
+4.6
+2.8
+.2
+2.1
+1.8
+5.8
+2.1
+3.2
35.6
35.6
38.3
36.7
32.4
35.4
34.6
37.0
-.8
+17.0
+2.6
+.6
-.5
61.4
+1 .7
+6.2
35.9
32.0
+7.8
+7 . 7
+5.6
4&0
40.7
-2.2
-14.4
+2 . 3
-2.4
+15.4
42.3
+2 . 9
+17.4
51.0
56.8
+.6
+1.1
+5. 6
+6. 3
52.4
76.6
-.9
+.4
+2. 3
+4. 6
+.7
40.9
44.2
54.9
58.2
55.5
68.4
57.4
+1 .7
+.2
+.4
-.7
+6. 5
+4.2
+3.7
+7.1
+7 .9
+3 . 2
+9 . 2
+.1
+5 . 3
41.5
38.9
+3. 2
+.5
+11.0
+11.0
+3.1
50.4
52.7
+.2
+5 .3
+5 .3
+4. 4
+.4
72.8
87.4
-.8
+.5
+4 .7
+6 .3
-3.5
+9 . 9
+3 . 9
+1.9
<3)
+3.8
40.1
37.4
+2.2
+.8
-8.1
+1.0
-1.2
-.3
+5 . 8
+4.2
+4.6
+2 . 3
+1. 9
+2.4
-3.9
-2.4
+3.0
+7 . 5
34.2
35.4
38.3
42.9
38.7
38.3
38.1
+9 . 4
+1 . 3
+13.2
+1.5
14.08
12.25
-1.3
-3. 6
+.5
-3.7
34.0
31.6
-4.5
-3.7
18.34
20.28
+.4
+2.2
+4 . 9
+7.2
36.5
38.5
+1.4
+1 . 9
27.04
32.93
-1.7
+8.8
+5.4
37.3
37.1
-.5
+.8
-.4
+2 . 5
+1 .4
+2 .9
+5 . 0
+5 .3
+2.4
37.4
37.7
+6.6
+10.6
(3)
-.2
-1.8
+14.0
21.13
25.35
21.70
25.47
21.82
+1.0
-1.6
+1.0
+5.7
45.0
53.5
71.1
48.3
45.8
49.4
30.2
+12.9
+1.1
+6.2
+2.8
55.7
+6.3
-2.4
-2.9
+3 . 3
-.8
+6.1
-.5
-2.1
+4.5
+1.7
-12.8
-.1
(3)
Table 1.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing Industries, February 1935— Continued
Industry
C h e m i c a l s a n d allied products, a n d p e t r o l e u m
refining......... ...... ..... ....... .........
Other than petroleum refining_______ ____ ____
Chemicals.................................
Cottonseed— oil, cake, a n d m e a l ...........
Druggists' preparations....................
Explosives............-...................
Fertilizers..... -..........................
Paints a n d varnishes......................
R a y o n a n d allied products.................
S o a p ......................................
Petroleum refining...................... -....
R u b b e r p r o d u c t s ............. ..... ............
R u b b e r boots a n d shoes.......................
R u b b e r goods, other than boots, shoes, tires,
an d inner tubes.............................
R u b b e r tires a n d inner tubes..................
Index
Feb
ruary
1935
(3-year
aver
age
1923-25
=100)
Per capita weekly
earnings1
P a y roll
Employment
Percentage
change from—
Janu
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
109.4
109.9
102.8
70.7
102.4
89.3
120.3
102.2
346.8
102.1
107.3
83.2
52.5
+• 9
+1.6
-.2
-7.0
+1.1
+1.3
+8.3
+3.6
+2 .6
+3 .0
-1.6
+1.7
-.2
-1.1
-.6
-1.9
-36.4
(3)
-6.6
-1.0
+4 . 7
+6.6
+4 . 2
-3.0
-1.7
-6.4
123.9
75.7
+2.9
+1.3
-4.1
+1. 5
Index
Feb
ruary
1935
(3-year
aver
age
1923-25
=100)
Average hours wor k e d
per w e e k 1
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
change from—
Av e r
age in
Feb
ruary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
Percentage
change from—
Aver
age in
Feb
ruary
1935
J an u
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
93.2
92.5
91.0
68.9
97.9
75.5
91.1
83.7
252.3
94.3
95.3
71.9
49.4
+1. 7
+2.2
+.2
-1.3
+1. 1
+10.5
+9.0
+5 .3
+2.8
+4.0
+. 1
+3 . 6
-3.7
+6 . 9
+7. 4
+3. 4
-29.6
+6.6
+9 . 7
+11.6
+12.3
+14.7
+12.9
+5. 0
+10.3
+3 . 6
24.63
11.18
19.40
24.02
12.07
22.54
19.29
22.08
27.18
+. 4
+6. 1
-.1
+9. 1
+.6
+1.7
+. 3
+1.0
+1.7
+5.6
+10.8
+6.4
+18.0
+12.4
+7.3
+7.6
+8.3
+8.4
39.3
42.7
38.2
37.3
35.8
38.9
38.2
38.3
35.0
+2 . 1
+6.0
-1.0
+8.4
+2.3
+1.6
18.37
- 3.5
+13.9
36.1
104.9
65.8
+2.8
+5. 9
+7 .3
+13.6
19.15
28.12
(3)
+4.5
+12.2
+12.3
36.6
33.8
Ja nu
ary
1935
Average hourly
earnings1
Janu
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
Percentage
change from—
Aver
age in
Feb
ruary
1935
Ja n u
ary
1935
Feb
ruary
1934
Cents
+3 .5
+7.2
-1.4
(*)
+.6
+.8
- 1.8
+2.6
+6 . 7
+2 . 5
-1. 6
+1.8
- 6.7
+3.0
62.8
26.1
51.2
64.5
33.6
57.9
50.5
57.7
78.2
-.9
+2.7
+ 3.9
+ 4.1
+2.6
+ 9.4
+8.6
+6.0
+15.2
+8.1
- 2.7
+9.1
50.9
-.6
+ 3.9
+.5
(3)
+6.8
+2.2
52.1
84.0
-.8
+3.7
+1.0
+10.6
-.3
+.3
+3.3
+. 2
+.6
+.7
i Per capita weekly earnings are c o m p u t e d from figures furnished b y all reporting establishments. Average hours an d average hourly earnings are c o m p u t e d from data furnished
b y a smaller n u m b e r of establishments as s o m e firms do not report man-hour information. Figures for groups not computed. Percentage changes over year o n per capita weekly
earnings, average hours worked_per week, a n d average hourly earnings c o m put ed from indexes. ^Percentage change over m o n t h o n per capita weekly earnings in ’
’
All Industries”
also c o m p u t e d from indexes.
* Weighted.
* N o change.
< Less than H o of 1 percent.
9
Long-time Trend of Factory Employmen t and P a y Rolls
A
l t h o u g h
than
for a n y
t h e i n d e x of factory e m p l o y m e n t in F e b r u a r y w a s h i g h e r
m o n t h
since last M a y ,
w a s h i g h e r t h a n for a n y m o n t h
the index
since J u n e
for factory p a y
1931.
rolls
In comparison with
t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g m o n t h of last y e a r f a c t o r y e m p l o y m e n t in F e b r u a r y
shows
an
percent.
w a s
increase
of 4.5
percent
a n d
the
pay-roll i n d e x
w a s
u p
14
I n spite of these substantial gains, e m p l o y m e n t in F e b r u a r y
still 1 8 . 8 p e r c e n t b e l o w
the
1923-25
3 0 . 9 p o i n t s is r e q u i r e d i n f a c t o r y p a y
average
a n d
a n
increase of
rolls b e f o r e t h e a v e r a g e f o r t h e
b a s e p e r i o d , 1 9 2 3 - 2 5 , is r e a c h e d .
T h e
long-time trend of factory e m p l o y m e n t
graphically b y
the
diagram
o n
page
10.
a n d p a y
T h e
index
r o l l s is s h o w n
n u m b e r s
wh ich
w e r e u s e d i n p l o t t i n g t h e c h a r t a r e g i v e n i n t a b l e 2.
Table
2.—
G e n e r a l I n d e x e s of E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls in M a n u f a c t u r i n g
Industries— J a n u a r y 1 9 1 9 to F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 5
[3-year average, 1923-25=100]
Employment
Month
1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935
Ja nua ry ___ 105.3 114.9
F ebruary__ 102.0 113.7
M a r c h _____ 102.4 116.0
April...... 102.5 114.5
M a y _______ 103.1 112.0
J u n e ....... 104.3 111.1
July....... 106.9 108.5
A u g u s t ____ 109.7 108.8
September _ 111.7 107.5
October___ 111.3 103.7
N o v e m b e r . . 112.6 97.4
D e c e mbe r.. 114.4 89.7
81.0
82.6
83.2
82.1
81.9
81.0
79.8
81.2
83.4
84.1
84.2
83.3
82.5 100.7 100.2
84.6 102.5 101.5
85.9 104.6 101.7
85.8 105.0 99.9
87.9 105.3 96.8
89.8 106.0 93.8
88.2 104.9 91.0
91.4 105.2 92.1
94.5 105.7 94.4
97.0 104.5 95.3
99.0 103.2 94.8
100.5 101.4 96.1
96.3 100.5 98.2
98.1 101.5 99.7
98.8 102.1 100.2
98.7 101.4 99.6
98.1 100.4 99.1
98.0 100.3 99.1
97.8 99.4 98.1
99.5 101.4 99.3
101.5 103.4 100.5
102.2 103.1 99.6
101.8 101.4 97.4
101.5 100.0 96.1
95.0 100.8
96.5 102.9
97.6 104.1
97.1 105.3
97.0 105.3
97.8 105.6
97.7 106.1
100.1 107.9
102.2 109.0
102.6 107.7
101.7 103.6
101.2 99.8
97.3
97.4
96.9
96.3
94.8
92.9
89.5
88.8
89.6
87.7
84.6
82.3
79.6
80.3
80.7
80.7
80.1
78.4
77.0
77.1
77.4
74.4
71.8
71.0
68.7
69.5
68.4
66.1
63.4
61.2
58.9
60.1
63.3
64.4
63.4
62.1
60. *
61.1
58.8
59.9
62.6
66.9
71.5
76.4
80.0
79.6
76.2
74.4
73.3 78.7
77.7 81.2
80.8
82.4 ___
82.5
81.1
78.7
79.5
75.8
78.4
76.8
78.0 ....
A v e r a g e . 107.2 108.9 82.3 90.6 104.1 96.5 99.4 101.2 98.9 98.9 104.8 91.5 77.4 64.1 69.0 78.8 180.0
P a y rolls
Ja nua ry___
Feb ruary—
M a r c h _____
April......
M a y . . ....
J u n e _______
July_______
A u g u s t ....
September..
October___
No v e m b e r . .
December..
95.3 117.2
89.6 115.5
90.0 123.7
89.2 120.9
90.0 122.4
92.0 124.2
94.8 119.3
99.9 121.6
104.7 119.8
102.2 115.8
106.7 107.0
114.0 98.0
82.8
81.3
81.7
79.0
77.3
75.4
71.7
73.9
73.4
72.6
71.7
73.3
69.6 94.6 98.8 95.4 100.9 98.4 96.0 102.3
72.4 97.9 104.1 100.8 105.0 104.4 101.2 109.3
74.9 102.5 104.1 102.4 106.5 105.7 102.5 111.6
73.8 103.8 101.8 100.0 104.4 104.5 100.5 112.6
77.2 107.3 97.5 100.7 103.1 104.0 101.3 112.9
80.5 107.5 92.4 98.7 103.3 102.4 101.7 111.2
78.5 103.3 85.7 96.8 99.0 98.5 99.0 107. i
83.0 103.8 89.3 99.3 103.4 101.9 103.3 112.0
87.0 104.3 92.5 98.8 104.4 101.4 104.7 112.9
89.5 106.6 95.1 104.6 107.6 102.1 108.2 112.4
93.4 104.5 93.7 104.6 104.1 98.5 105.0 104.1
95.7 102.9 97.6 105.2 103.5 99.5 105.6 100.7
95.9
98.8
98.8
97.7
95.4
92.3
84.3
83.3
84.1
82.2
76.8
75.2
70.0
74.3
75.6
74.4
73.4
69.7
66.2
65.9
63.4
61.3
58.1
57.6
53.5
54.6
53.1
49.5
46.8
43.4
39.8
40.6
42.9
44.7
42.9
41.5
54.0 64.1
60.6 69.1
64.8 ___
67.3 ___
67.1
64.9
60.5
62.2
58.0 ___
61.0 ___
59.5
63.2
39.5
40.2
37.1
38.8
42.7
47.2
50.8
56.8
59.1
59.4
55.5
54.5
A v e r a g e . 97.4 117.1 76.2 8 1 3 103.3 96.1 100.6 103.8 101.8 102.4 109.1 88.7 67.5 46.1 48.5 61.9 166.6
i Average for 2 months.
T a b l e 3 gives e m p l o y m e n t
nondurable groups b y
T h e s e i n d e x e s are also b a s e d
a n d pay-roll indexes for t he d u r a b l e a n d
m o n t h s
fr o m
o n
January
1923
to F e b r u a r y
the 3-year average,
1923-25
1935.
as 100.
the
E m p lo y m e n t e P a y R o lls «.
M a n u fa c tu r in g
3 -y e a r average 1923 1 ^ 2 ? -1 0 0
U.S.Department of L abo r
B U R E A U OF L A B O R S T A T I S T I C S
Index
Washington
In d u s tr ie s
Index
Numbers
Numbers
140
m
130-
Qloi
A\ \\
1
I Jt
90 y
\
80 70 -
120110-
100 -
-
60-
50 --
£IV - RoUy
/' V w/
r
UO-
-
30 20
0 . iiiiinitii imiiiiiii imiiiiiii imiiiiiii tiiiniiiii lllllllllll lllllllllll lllllllllll imiiiiiii imiiiiiii 1III I Mill minimi iiiiiiiini iiiiiiiini iiiiiiiini lllllllllll niiiiiiiii
1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935
10
130
-120
--110
- 100
- 90
so
-
70
- 60
- ^0
- 40
- 30
20
10
0
11
T a b ' e 3.—
I n d e x e s of E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R olls in t h e D u r a b l e a n d N o n d u r a b l e
G r o u p s , J a n u a r y 1 9 2 3 to J a n u a r y 1 9 3 5
[3-year average 1923-25=100]
Durable group 1
Employment
Month
Jan u a r y ___
Febr uar y— .
M a r c h — ___
April.....
M a y ______
J u n e ......
July......
A u g u s t ___
September.
October___
November.
December.
Average.
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
99.2
101.5
104.0
105.6
106.6
107.7
106.6
106.4
106.0
105.4
104.3
102.0
104.6
100.6
102.0
103.1
102.7
98.8
94.7
91.1
91.0
91.8
93.4
93.1
94.7
96.4
95.3
97.0
98.3
99.3
99.1
98.4
97.3
98.2
99.7
101.4
101.8
101.9
99.0
100.9
102.3
103.3
103.5
102.8
102.3
101.1
102.1
102.7
102.2
100.3
98.3
101.8
95.6
97.3
98.2
98.1
98.0
97.1
94.9
95.3
94.9
94.3
92.1
90.9
95.6
89.8
91.8
93.7
94.7
96.1
96.6
95.8
98.1
99.4
99.8
99.3
98.8
96.2
99.1
101.7
103.5
105.3
106.5
106.4
106.3
107.3
106.8
105.0
100.3
95.8
93.1
93.3
93.1
92.8
91.8
89.1
84.7
82.2
81.0
79.6
77.1
74.9
45.4
45.8
43.9
44.4
47.0
50.7
55.3
60.1
63.4
63.2
61.2
60.7
53.4
66.1
69.3
_____
______
86.1
57.3
57.8
56.5
54.6
52.9
50.9
48.5
46.9
47.3
47.7
48.1
47.3
51.3
59.8
63.5
67.1
70.0
71.5
70.8
67.4
66.1
64.2
62.8
62.2
64.3
103.7
71.9
72.1
72.2
72.2
71.4
69.5
66.8
65.3
64.5
61.8
60.3
59.7
67.3
90.1
94.6
95.1
95.3
93.3
89.1
78.1
75.6
74.7
73.7
68.4
66.4
82.9
59.8
64.4
65.7
65.1
64.1
59.4
54.3
52.9
49.6
48.5
46.4
45.8
56.3
41.3
42.0
40.4
38.0
37.0
33.3
29.8
28.2
27.9
29.8
30.0
29.4
33.9
27.6
27.7
25.3
26.6
30.8
34.7
38.0
43.9
44.7
45.4
42.5
42.3
35.8
41.6
52.5
47.9
58.6.
52.8
57.4
58.6 ______
56.9
49.9
50.0
45.5
46.4
46.1
50.4
50.3 2 55.6
65.8
_____
.
.....
2 67.7
P a y rolls
J anu ary ___
February ~
M a r c h ....
April_____
M a y ......
Ju n e ......
July......
A u g u s t ___
September.
October___
November.
December .
Average.
91.6
95.8
101.4
104.6
109.1
110.0
104.5
106.0
105.2
108.9
107.4
104.0
104.0
97.9
105.5
106.6
105.7
100.3
93.0
84.0
87.3
89.0
93.0
91.8
95.9
95.8
92.5
99.7
101.7
100.8
101.9
99.2
95.4
97.5
97.1
104.6
105.3
105.7
100.1
99.0
105.2
107.3
106.5
105.2
104.9
99.1
103.7
103.1
107.0
103.2
100.9
103.8
93.3
101.1
103.4
103.2
103.2
99.8
93.9
97.5
95.1
96.8
93.3
94.1
97.9
89.5
96.8
99.5
99.8
101.8
101.2
97.1
102.0
102.3
107.0
104.2
103.9
100.4
100.0
109.0
112.0
114.7
115.8
112.9
107.1
112.6
111.7
111.1
101.7
96.7
108.8
Nondurable group 3
Employment
jMontn
1923
J a n u ary ..... 102.5
Februa ry .... 103.8
M a r c h ....... 105.3
April.
____ 104.4
May..
____ 104.1
June
___ 104.2
July
__ 103.3
A u g u s t . . ___ 104.0
105.2
S ept emb er—
103.6
October
N o v e m b e r ___ 102.2
D e c e m b e r ___ 100.8
A v e r a g e ___ 103.6
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
99.8
100.8
100.1
97.0
94.6
93.0
90.9
93.4
97.3
97.3
96.7
97.7
96.6
97.5
99.3
99.5
98.3
97.0
97.5
98.5
101.0
103.5
103.2
101.9
101.1
99.8
100.2
100.6
100.9
99.1
97.8
98.3
97.5
100.6
104.1
104.2
102.5
101.9
100.6
101.0
102.3
102.5
101.3
100.3
101.2
101.6
103.5
106.5
105.2
103.1
101.7
102.5
100.6
101.8
101.8
99.6
98.0
99.0
99.7
102.3
105.3
105.6
104.3
103.7
101.8
102.7
104.3
104.9
105.4
104.1
104.7
105.8
108.6
111.4
110.6
107.1
104.0
106.1
101.8
101.7
100.9
100.1
98.0
96.9
94.7
95.9
98.9
96.5
92.7
90.1
97.4
87.8
89.0
90.0
89.8
89.3
88.0
88.2
89.8
91.1
88.0
84.2
83.0
88.2
80.9
82.2
81.2
78.5
74.8
72.4
70.1
74.2
80.4
82.3
79.9
77.8
77.9
76.0
77.6
74.7
76.5
79.3
84.3
88.9
93.9
97.8
97.2
92.2
89.1
85.6
87.9
92.3
94.1
93.0
95.4
95.8
94.3
92.3
90.8
94.0
88.2
95.1
92.4
92.7 .....
92.7 2 93. £
103.2
104.1
103.5
100.8
98.3
96.5
92.3
93.2
96.0
93.0
87.4
86.5
96.2
83.0
86.9
88.3
86.3
85.2
82.7
81.3
82.5
80.8
77.6
73.0
72.5
81.7
69.1
70.7
69.2
64.0
59.3
56.2
52.6
56.3
61.8
63.6
59.2
56.9
61.6
54.5
56.2
52.1
54.4
57.9
63.1
67.0
73.3
77.6
77.3
72.1
70.1
64.6
79.0
69.7
76.9
82.5
80.1 _____
80.0
78.1
75.1
73.9
77.8
74.0 _____
79.6
76.6
79.5
76.8 2 80.8
1935
P a y rolls
J a n uar y.....
Fe bruary....
M a r c h .......
April.
___
M a y . . ______
J une
July. __ __ _
___
Au g u s t
Se pte mbe r___
October
N o v e m b e r ___
D e c e m b e r ___
A v e r a g e ___
98.5
100.8
104.1
103.1
105.0
104.5
101.9
101.1
103.2
103.6
100.8
101.6
102.4
99.8
102.2
101.0
96.8
94.1
91.6
88.0
91.9
96.9
97.8
96.1
100.0
96.4
99.3
102.1
103.4
99.0
99.2
98.2
98.6
101.7
101.0
104.7
103.7
104.6
101.3
103.5
104.9
105.5
101.8
100.4
101.3
98.9
103.0
105.9
108.5
105.3
106.8
103.8
104.7
108.6
108.7
106.1
105.1
105.8
104.3
107.4
109.6
108.8
105.1
106.3
106.7
104.1
106.8
106.4
101.5
100.8
102.5
101.6
104.9
107.6
109.8
106.1
107.8
105.0
105.3
109.8
111.0
110.2
109.3
109.1
107.3
111.3
114.4
114.2
107.4
105.8
109.6
i Includes the following groups of manufacturing industries: Iron a n d steel; machinery; transportation
equipment; railroad repair shops; nonferrous metals; l u m b e r a n d allied products; a n d stone, clay, a n d
glass products.
* Average for 2 months.
* Includes remaining groups of manufacturing industries not s h o w n u nder footnote 1.
12
Estimated N u m b e r of Wa g e Earners and Total Weekly P a y Rolls
W
the B u r e a u ’
s i n d e x a d j u s t e d to c o n f o r m w i t h t he c e n s u s t r e n d
i t h
t h r o u g h 1 9 3 1 it is n o w p o s s i b l e t o m a k e m o n t h l y e s t i m a t e s o f t h e t o t a l
n u m b e r
of
w a g e
industries.
81.2
earners
a n d
total
p a y
rolls i n
T r a n s l a t e d into t e r m s of w o r k e r s
for F e b r u a r y m e a n s
that
the
the
manufacturing
employed,
total n u m b e r
the i n d e x of
of w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d
b y m a n u f a c t u r i n g industries d u r i n g the m o n t h a m o u n t e d to 6,809,000,
a n
increase
of 213,000
previous m o n t h .
c o m p a r e d
with
the
n u m b e r
emp lo y e d
in
the
T h e pay-roll i n d e x of 69.1 indicates that the w e e k l y
p a y rolls i n F e b r u a r y f o r m a n u f a c t u r i n g a s a w h o l e t o t a l e d $ 1 4 0 , 6 1 8 , X)00, a g a i n o f $ 1 0 , 1 1 5 , 0 0 0 i n c o m p a r i s o n w i t h J a n u a r y .
T h e
estimated
n u m b e r
al l m a n u f a c t u r i n g
of
w a g e
industries
earners
co m b i n e d
a n d
a n d
in
weekly
the
14
p a y
rolls i n
m a j o r
groups
a n d t h e 2 textile s u b g r o u p s i n t o w h i c h t h e s e m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s
h a v e b e e n classified a r e s h o w n i n t a b l e 4.
n u m b e r
period,
uary
of
w a g e
1923-25,
a n d
earners
for t h e
February
a n d
weekly
years
1935.
1929
These
to
T h i s table gives the a v e r a g e
p a y
rolls
1934,
estimates
m u l t i p l y i n g t h e w e i g h t i n g factors of t h e
for
the
inclusive,
have
index
a n d
been
base
for J a n
c o m p u t e d
several g r o u p s
b y
of industries
( n u m b e r e m p l o y e d o r w e e k l y p a y roll i n t h e i n d e x b a s e p e r i o d , 1 9 2 3 25),
b y
(which
the
the
B u r e a u ’
s
ha ve
period
been
1919-31),
f o r al l g r o u p s
ufacturing
groups.
bined
b y
of
e m p l o y m e n t
with
100.
co m b i n e d
hav e
a n d
(which
industries
is i n c l u d e d
manufactured-gas
do
in
the
T h e
or
census
D a t a
been
e s t i m a t e d total e m p l o y m e n t
industry
p o w e r
conform
dividing
f o r all m a n u f a c t u r i n g
tured-gas
a n d
a n d
n u m b e r s
to
o v e r t h e entire period s h o w n .
industries
T h e
index
adjusted
are
p a y
rolls
trends
over
not
available
t o t a l s f o r all m a n
adjusted
to
include
al l
a n d w e e k l y p a y rolls c o m
not
the
industry)
include
the m a n u f a c
Bureau's
or
the
electric light
motion-picture
industry.
T a b l e 4.—
E s t i m a t e d N u m b e r o f W a g e E a r n e r s a n d W e e k l y W a g e s i n all M a n u
facturing Industries C o m b i n e d a n d in I n d u s t r y G r o u p s
Total manufacturing
Iron a n d steel a n d
their products
Machinery, not in
cluding transporta
tion e q u ipm ent
Yea r a n d m o n t h
Employ
ment
1923-25 average............... —
192 9
193 0
193 1
193 2
193 3
193 4
.
1935: J anu ary ..................
February.................
Weekly
p a y rolls
8.381.700 $203,476,000
8,785,600 221.937.000
7.668.400 180.507.000
6,484,300 137.256.000
5,374,200
93.757.000
5.778.400
98.623.000
6,600,100 126.012.000
6.595.700 130.503.000
6,809,000 140.618.000
Employ
ment
Weekly
p a y rolls
859.100 $24,658,000
881,000 26.568.000
766,200 21.126.000
598.400 13.562.000
458.100
7.164.000
503.400
8.925.000
592,800 12.074.000
582,500 12.798.000
607.400 14.548.000
Employ
ment
Weekly
p a y rolls
878.100 $23,655,000
1,105,700 31.761.000
918,700 24.197.000
687.000 15.135.000
494,600
8.546.000
517.100
8.975.000
682,200 13.525.000
699.000 14.382.000
720.000 15.163.000
13
Table 4.— Estimated Number of Wage Earners and Weekly Wages in all M a n u
facturing Industries Combined and in Industry Groups— Continued
Transportation
equip men t
Railroad repair shops
Nonferrous metals
a n d their products
Ye a r a n d m o n t h
Employ
ment
Weekly
p a y rolls
563,500 $17,214,000
1923-25 average.................
192 9
583.200
18.136.000
193 0
451.800
12.076.000
193 1
373.800
9.008.000
193................. 2 ........................
315.700
7.012.000
305.600
193 3
6.799.000
11.800.000
193 4
467.200
1935: January..................
520.700
13.668.000
February.................
16.302.000
568.600
L u m b e r a n d allied
products
Employ
ment
Weekly
p a y rolls
482,100 $13,563,000
398,200 12.255.000
353.800 10.316.000
309.000
8.366.000
257.400
5.793.000
250,600
5.652.000
267.400
6.528.000
248.800
5.941.000
255.000
6.510.000
Stone, clay, a n d glass
products
Employ
ment
282,600
8
209.000
164.200
175.200
210.000
214,500
223,800
Weekly
p a y rolls
$7,329,000
8
4.622.000
2.865.000
3.039.000
4.105.000
4.280.000
4.647.000
Textiles a n d their
products
Fabrics
Year and m o n t h
Employ
ment
918.400
876,500
699.400
516,900
377,800
406,100
447.400
432,600
453,700
1923-25 average.................
192 9
193 0
193............................. 1
193 2
193 3
-...........
193 4
1935: J anuary ............ ......
February.................
Weekly
p a y rolls
$18,523,000
18,062,000
13,464,000
8.641.000
4.656.000
4.900.000
6.062.000
5.872.000
6.446.000
Employ
ment
350.300
328.500
280,800
222,800
156.000
157.500
185.000
165.300
173,700
Weekly
payrolls
$8,878,000
8.323.000
6.828.000
4.786.000
2.588.000
2.455.000
3.153.000
2.805.000
3.090.000
Employ
ment
Weekly
p a y rolls
1.105.600 $20,368,000
1,095,900 20.251.000
950,400 16.167.000
886,700 14.308.000
794,100 10.367.000
952,600 12.664.000
989,300 14.448.000
1,059,200 16.742.000
1.074.600 17.211.000
Textiles a n d their products— Continued
W e a rin g apparel
Year and m o n t h
Employ
ment
1923-25 average.................
192 9
193 0
193 1
193 2
193 3
193 4
1935: January .................
February.................
i Com p a r a b l e data not available.
474.100
536.700
497.700
472,000
401.800
418.100
432.100
423.800
458,900
Weekly
p a y rolls
$10,336,000
11,476,000
9.680.000
8.338.000
5.733.000
5.757.000
6.992.000
6.884.000
8.217.000
Group
Leather a n d its
manufactures
Weekly
p a y rolls
Employ
ment
1,629,400 $31,676,000
1.706.900 33.321.000
1.513.000 27.115.000
1.421.000 23.799.000
1.250.300 16.947.000
1,432,700 19.394.000
1.485.900 22.564.000
1,551,200 24.866.000
1.603.300 26.766.000
323.500
318,600
295,100
272,800
255.500
269,400
284,000
285,700
296,300
Employ
ment
Weekly
p a y rolls
$6,986,000
6.915.000
5.748.000
5.035.000
4.060.000
4.394.000
5.164.000
5.337.000
5.763.000
14
Table 4.— Estimated Number of Wage Earners and Weekly Wages in all M a n u
facturing Industries Combined and in Industry Groups— Continued
F o o d a n d kindred
products
Tobacco manufactures
Paper a n d printing
Ye a r a n d m o n t h
Weekly
p a y rolls
Employ
ment
1923-25 average.................
192 9
193 0
.......
193 1
193 2
193 3
193 4
1935: J anuary ..................
February— .............
668,300
753.500
731.100
650.500
577.100
631.000
711.700
630.700
627.000
Weekly
p a y rolls
Employ
ment
$15,240,000
17.344.000
16.593.000
14.173.000
11.308.000
11.604.000
14.080.000
12.696.000
12.717.000
138,400
116,100
108,300
99.700
88,600
82.700
86.700
78,200
79,300
$2,225,000
1.819.000
1.617.000
1.336.000
1.052.000
944.000
1.049.000
923.000
908.000
Chemicals a n d allied
products
Weekly
p a y rolls
Employ
ment
531.100 $14,865,000
591,500 17.771.000
574.100 17.036.000
511,800 14.461.000
451.700 11.126.000
458,400 10.299.000
503.700 11.829.000
507.700 12.397.000
513,600 12.501.000
R u b b e r products
Ye ar a n d m o n t h
Weekly
p a y rolls
Employment
333.000
384.800
364.700
316.800
279.700
315,400
361,600
361.000
364,300
1923-25 average.
192 9
193 0
193 1
193 2
193 3
1034...........
1935: January. _
February.
Weekly
p a y rolls
Employment
$8,321,000
10,068,000
9.334.000
7.643.000
5.861.000
6.179.000
7.437.000
7.620.000
7.751.000
134.300
149,100
115,500
99,200
87,800
99.300
111,300
109,900
111,700
$3,468,000
3.986.000
2.934.000
2.165.000
1.555.000
1.740.000
2.207.000
2.407.000
2.493.000
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g Industries
E
a
in n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g industries in F e b r u a r y presents
m p l o y m e n t
m i x e d
picture
of
gains
a n d
losses.
O f
the
16
nonmanufacturing
industries other t h a n building construction s u r v e y e d m o n t h l y
b y
the
B u r e a u o f L a b o r Statistics, 9 r e p o r t e d g a i n s i n e m p l o y m e n t f r o m J a n
uary
to F e b r u a r y
a n d
10
of the industries reported increases in p a y
ro lls .
Table
5
shows
indexes
of
e m p l o y m e n t
a n d
p a y
r o lls ,
w e e k l y earnings, a v e r a g e h o u r s w o r k e d
per week, a n d
earnings
in
nonmanufacturing
covered,
together
February
with
for
13
of
the
percentage
changes
f rom
1934.
Indexes
of e m p l o y m e n t
a n d
a n d
insurance
establishments
are
brokerage,
table
February
shows
the
trend
of
employment,
p a y
per
industries
January
p a y
not
1935
a n d
rolls f o r b a n k i n g ,
available,
rolls,
capita
average hourly
a n d
but
earnings
the
for
t h e s e thr e e industries.
T h e
B u r e a u
has
discontinued
publication
of
figures
for
e m p l o y
m e n t in t h e real estate b u s i n e s s until a c o n s i d e r a b l e increase in c o v e r
a g e c a n b e effected.
Table 5.— Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Nonmanufacturing Industries, February 1935
Employment
Industry
Coal mining:
Anthracite-............................... ...
Bituminous............... ........ ...... ...
Metalliferous mi n i n g....... ......... ..... ......
Quarrying a n d nonmetallic min i n g ................
Crude-petroleum producing....... ..... .........
Public utilities:
Telephone a n d telegraph........... ..........
Electric light a n d p o wer a n d manufactured gas. „
Electric-railroad a n d motor-bus operation and
maintenance................................
Trade:
Wholesale....................................
Retail........... ............... .............
General merchandising....... ............
Other than general merchandising.........
Hotels (cash p a y m e n t s only)*........... ..........
Laundries........................................
Dy ein g a n d cleaning.................... .........
B a n k s .................................. .........
Brokerage................. .......................
Insurance7......................................
Per capital weekly earn Average hours wo rk e d
ings i
per w e e k i
P a y roll
Average hourly earn
ings 1
Index
Index
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Av e r change from—
Ave r change from—
Febru change from—
Fe bru change from—
A v e r change from—
ary
ary
age in
age in
age in
1935
Febru
1935
F e b ru
Fe br u
(aver Janu Febru (aver Jan u Fe br u ary
Ja nu Fe bru
ary
Ja n u Fe bru ary
Ja n u Feb r u
ary
ary
ary
ary age 1929 ary
ary
ary
age 1929 ary
ary
ary
1935
1935
1935
1934
1934
1935
=100)
1935
1934
1934
1935
1934
1935
=100)
1935
64.4
81.1
44.3
37.3
74.2
+2.5
+1.4
+ ( 2)
+.9
-.9
+1.9
+6.6
+9.9
-3.9
+2.5
64.3
66.1
29.9
22.2
54.9
+11.9
+10.9
-.5
+6. 6
-1.2
-2.3
+21.1
+15.0
+5 .7
+ 8. 7
29.11
21.08
21.97
15.08
28.76
+9.1
+ 9.3
-.5
+5 .7
-.3
-4.1
+13.7
+4.7
+10.0
+6.0
35.2
+6.7
29.8 +10.0
37.3
+3 .3
32.4
+5 . 9
34.9. +1 . 2
-9.6
-5.1
-2.8
+ 5.5
-1.9
70.0
82.2
-.7
-.6
+. 3
+1.2
72.9
78.3
-1.4
+.3
+7 . 4
+5. 2
27.65
29.52
-.7
+.9
+7.0
+4.0
38.3
39.4
+.3
+ 1.5
Certis
82.0
72.0
58.5
46.5
77.3
-0.1
+.7
-4.1
(3)
-3.4
+2. 3
+23.7
+8 . 2
+5 . 0
+5 .4
+2.7
-.8
74.3
74.6
-.7
-. 3
+7.1
+6.3
71.0
-.3
00
63.1
+.4
+5.0
28.30
+.7
+ 5.1
45.7
+.9
+1.0
60.9
-1.0
+7.4
84.6
79.2
86.2
77.3
86.7
79.6
69.6
(6)
(•)
(«)
+.5
-.4
-1.3
-.2
+ 1.6
+ ( 2)
-1.0
+.9
-. 5
+00
+4.2
-.5
+1.4
-1.2
+2 .2
+1.5
+ 2.2
+1.3
-25.3
+.6
64.6
59.3
72.3
56.6
67.8
64.1
49.8
(6)
(6)
(6)
+1.0
-. 7
-1.6
-.6
+2.8
+.3
-1 .2
+.3
-.9
+2. 9
+ 5.9
+.9
+4 . 9
-.2
+4.0
+ 3. 9
+7.6
+1.7
-27.7
+4. 9
26.33
20.21
17.27
22.41
13.60
15.19
17.42
31.59
34.41
36.45
+.4
-.2
-.3
-.4
+1.1
+.3
-.2
-.6
-.3
+2.9
+1.7
+1 . 4
+ 3.5
+1.0
+1. 7
+ 2. 3
+5 . 3
+.4
-3 . 0
+4.3
40.7
<40.7
38.3
41.7
47.8
40.4
40.4
(6)
(6)
(6)
+1.0
-.2
-.5
(3)
+.4
+.7
+.2
(«)
+2.1
+2. 9
+2.2
+3.0
-3.0
+3.8
+3 . 2
(6)
(6)
(6)
64.6
<54.4
47.7
56.2
27.9
36.2
43.4
(6)
(6)
(6)
-.3
(3)
+.4
-.2
+.7
-.5
(3)
(«)
(6)
(6)
-1.1
+1 .2
+1. 4
+1.3
+1. 7
-1.1
+ 1.5
(«)
(6)
(6)
fo
(«)
1 Per capita weekly earnings are c o m p u t e d from figures furnished b y all reporting establishments. Average hours a n d average hourly earnings are c o m p u t e d from data furnished
b y a smaller n u m b e r of establishments as s o m e firms do not report man-hour information. Percentage changes over year c o m p u t e d from indexes.
2 Less than H o of 1 percent.
3 N o change.
4 Weighted, not comparable with previously published data.
6 T h e additional value of board, room, a n d tips cannot be computed.
• N o t available.
7 P a y rolls d o not include annual bonus payments. Inclusion of such pay m e n t s w o u l d show: Percentage change in p a y rolls from January 1935, +6.2; from February 1934, +8.3;
per capital weekly earnings in February 1935, $37.62; percentage change in per capita weekly earnings from January 1935, +6.2; from February 1934, +7.7.
16
Indexes of Employ ment and Pay-Roll Totals in Nonmanufacturing
Industries
In d e x
n u m b e r s
manufacturing
m o n t h s
T h e
of
e m p l o y m e n t
industries
fr om January
a n d
1932
2
to F e b r u a r y
indexes for the wholesale
revised
to
conform
with
a n d
the
pay-roll
subdivisions
a n d
totals
under
for
retail
13
n o n
trade
b y
1 9 3 5 a r e s h o w n i n t a b l e 6.
retail t r a d e h a v e
trends indicated
b y
the
recently b e e n
1929
a n d
1933
census averages.
T h e
indexes
for
“t o t a l
retail
trade” ha v e
been
c o m p u t e d
b y
w e i g h t i n g t h e i n d e x e s o f t h e t w o s u b g r o u p s , “g e n e r a l m e r c h a n d i s i n g ”
a n d
“o t h e r t h a n g e n e r a l m e r c h a n d i s i n g / ’
T a b l e 6.—
I n d e x e s o f E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R o l l s for N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g I n d u s
tries, J a n u a r y 1 9 3 2 t o F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 5
112-month average, 1929=100}
Anthracite mining
Month
Employment
Bituminous-coal m ining
P a y rolls
Employment
P a y rolls
1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935
Ja nuary...... .
F ebr u a r y .....
M a r c h .......
April.........
M a y __________
J u n e .........
July..........
A u g u s t .......
Sep t e m b e r ____
October.... .
N o v e m b e r ____
D e c e m b e r ....
Average.
76.2
71.2
73.7
70.1
86.9
53.0
44.5
49.2
55.8
63.9
62.7
62.3
52.5
58.7
54.6
51.6
43.2
39.5
43.8
47.7
56.8
56.9
61.0
54.5
64.1 62.9 61.5 43.2 73.2 57.5
75.8 80.0 47.0 36.1 51.3 59. ft
63.2 64.4 57.3 56.8 65.8 64.3 77.4 69.3 76.1 81.1 47.0 37.2 54.6 66.1
67.5
61.2 48.8 82.4
75.2 67.6 77.8
46.8 30.7 58.9
58.2
72.0 37.4 51.7
65.5 63.7 72.2
33. 26.6 51.4
63.8
58.0 30.0 64.0
62.6 61.2 76.7
30.7 26.9 54.4
57.5
37.4 34.3 53.3
60.5 61.3 76.7
27.3
55.1
53.6
34.5 38.2 42.3
58.6 63.2 77.0
24.4
49.7
49.5
41.4 46.6 39.7
59.4 68.6 77.1
26.4 43.3 50.4
56.9
47.0 60.7 47.0
62.4 71.8 78.2
30.2 44.1 51.4
58.5
66.7 61.6 48.3
67.0 68.0 79.
37.8 44.1 57.6
60.7
51.0 47.8 51.2
69.4 74.8 79.8
38.0 50.7 58.3
61.6
56.2 44.3 52.3
70.0 75.4 79.7
37.7 50.8 57.0
62.5 51.7 59.6 1 63.7 53.7 45.8 55.9 160.9 67.4 67.9 77.2 180.6 35.6 37.8 54.2 * 62.9
Metalliferous mining
January ______
F e b rua ry.....
M a r c h .......
April.........
M a y .........
J u n e .........
July..........
A u g u s t .......
S e p tem ber ---October......
N o v e m b e r ____
D e c e m b e r ____
Average.
49.3
46.9
45.0
43.3
38.3
32.2
29.5
28.6
29.3
30.5
31.9
33.3
32.4
31.5
30.0
29.4
30.0
31.5
33.0
36.8
38.9
40.7
40.6
40.6
40.3
39.8
41.7
40.8
41.0
39.9
42.7
42.3
43.3
43.2
44.4
29.7
27.8
26.5
25.0
23.8
20.1
16.9
16.5
17.0
18.0
18.7
18.7
18.1
17.8
17.4
16.4
17.0
18.3
19.0
21.9
23.9
25.
25.
26.2
Quarrying a n d nonmetallic m ining
25.4 30.1 48.9 35.1 39.7 36.9 30.2 18.1 21.3
47.4 34.8 38.8 37.3 29.6 17.4 21.0
26.0
46.0 35.1 42.0
25.9
28.7 17.8 24.1
27.2
48.6 39.3 48.7
30.0 20.2 29.9
50.6 43 4 54.3
25.6
32.3 23.8 35.0
26.7
49.5 47.3 56.6
30.0 27.5 37.0
25.1
49.5 49.5 55.6
29.1 28.4 35.0
27.0
51.1 51. 54.7
29.7 29.9 34.0
52.4 52.6 53.
25.9
30.5 29.3 32.4
28.2
52.4 53.2 51.8
30.1 31.2 32.1
28.5
49.4 51.1 49.5
27.1 28.3 29.4
29.4
42.3 45.3 42.1
22.1 24.4 23.6
36.5 34.6 41.6 1 44.3 21.6 20.6 26.7 1 30.0 49.0 44.9 48.9 1 37.1 29.1 24.7 29.6 1 21.5
Crude-petroleum producing
January......
Fe bru ary ....
M a r c h .......
April....... .
M a y .........
J u n e ... .... .
July.........
A u g u s t _______
Sep tem ber ___
October......
N o v e m b e r ___
D e c e m b e r ____
Average.
1
20.»
22.2
54.9
54.4
51.4
54.9
54.5
54.2
55.4
57.4
56.2
56.8
56.5
57.2
Telephone a n d telegraph
73.2 74.9 46.5
53.0 55.5 83.0 74.6 70.2 70.5 89.1 71.7 69.0 73.9
72.4 74.2 46.9 41.7 50.5 54.9 82.0 73.9 69.8 70.0 89.6 71.9 67.9 72. ^
43.2 42.5 52.5
72.8
88.2 71.6 70.4
81.7 73.2 70.0
44.5 40.1 53.4
81.2 72.3 70.2
74.0
83.4 67.8 68.8
76.7
47.1 41.6 56.4
80.6 70.1 70.2
82.8 68.5 71.4
80.0
44.8 40.6 56.9
82.1 66.6 71.3
79. 69.2 70.4
81.6
44.6 42.2 60.0
79.1 68.5 71.0
79.6 66.7 72.3
82.7
42.9 42.5 61.2
78.1 68.1 71.0
79.1 66.1 74.0
66.2 81.8
41.9 44.4 59.7
77.4 68.3 70.9
75.9 64.6 72.2
76.2 68.7 70.3
70.6 79.5
42.5 50.1 60.8
75.7 67.0 74.9
42.4 50.3 59.0
72.2 78.8
75.5 68.9 69.9
74.3 67.7 72.2
75.0 78.7
74.8 69.4 69.7
41.7 53.2 59.5
73.5 67.7 73.2
57.2
57.0
56.5
56.8
56.9
58.0
59.5
60.8
55.3 62.2 77.7 1 74.6 44.1 44.1 56.9 1 55.2 79.1 70.4 70.3 1 70.3 81.1 68.2 71.5 1 73.4*
Average for 2 months.
17
Table f>.— Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls for Nonmanufacturing Indus
tries, January 1932 to February 1935— Continued
Electric light a n d p o w e r a n d m a n u f a c
tured gas
P a y rolls
Employment
Electric-railroad a n d motor-bus operation
a n d maintenance *
Employment
P a y rolls
1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935
Janua ry ........
F e b rua ry......
M a r c h .........
April.......... .
M a y .......... .
J u n e .......... .
July............
A u g u s t ........ .
Se p t e m b e r .... .
October....... .
N o v e m b e r .... .
D e c e m b e r .....
A verage—
89.3
87.2
85.5
84 8
84.0
83.2
82.3
81.5
81.0
79.9
79.1
78.4
77.7
77.4
76.9
76 9
76.9
77.3
77.5
78.1
80.3
82.2
82.6
81.8
82.2 82.7
81.2 82.2
81.7
82.4
83.1
74.0
85.0 ___
85.6 ___
85.8 ___
85.8 ___
85.5 ___
83.6 ---
88.4
86.0
85.4
82 4
84.2
80.5
78.7
76.7
74.7
74.4
73.2
73.2
73.0
71.6
71.9
69.4
69.9
69.9
70.0
70.9
71.8
76.2
74.5
74.4
73.8 78.0
74.4 78.3
75.6 ___
76.8
77.6
77.8
81.1 ___
79.9 ___
79.3 ___
80.6 ___
79.6 ___
78.3 ....
79.5
78.9
77.6
78.0
76.9
76.5
75.6
74.1
73.5
72.3
71.8
71.4
70.6
70.4
69.8
69.5
69.1
69.3
69.4
69.5
69.7
70.6
71.0
70.8
Average___
60.9
60.6
59.4
58.1
58.2
58.0
57.4
58.2
57.8
59.8
59.4
59.6
59.2 62.9
60.1 _63.1
62.2 ___
62.9
63.0
63.2 ___
63.8 __ _
62.8 __ _
62.4
63.0 ___
61.8 ___
62.3 ---
80.7
79.7
78.6
77.6
76.6
75.6
75.2
74.9
75.6
76.2
76.0
75.4
73.6
72.4
71.3
71.5
72.2
73.9
75.1
77.9
80.3
81.7
81.6
81.5
80.6 84.2
81.2 84.6
81.8 ___
82.1 ___
82.8 ___
82.3 ___
82.2 ___
82.5
83.5 ~__
84.3 ___
85.1 ___
85.0
71.8
70.1
68.8
66.3
67.1
63.5
61.9
60.3
60.1
60.8
60.1
59.3
58.3
55.1
53.5
52.4
53.8
53.7
55.5
57.2
58.7
62.4
60.5
60.9
Total retail trade
60.3 63.9
61.0 64.6
62.0 ___
63.1 ___
62.6 ___
62.8 ___
63.8 ___
62.7
63.6 IIII64.5 ___
64.2 ___
64.8 ....
80.3
78.3
78.6
78.7
77.2
76.3
73.1
71.8
74.2
76.3
75.4
80.9
72.1
70.4
68.9
73.3
72.1
73.2
71.0
75.4
80.6
83.3
83.9
89.1
79.8 79.5
79.6 79.2
81.5 ___
82.5 ___
82.9 ___
82.6 ___
79.0 ___
77.8
81.7
82.6 ___
83.7
91.1 ....
71.9
69.1
68.5
67.7
65.5
62.7
59.2
56.9
58.3
59.7
58.6
60.4
54.7
51.8
49.0
52.0
51.3
52.2
51.0
54.9
58.7
61.6
61.4
64.0
59.0 59.7
58.8 59.3
59.8
61.2 ___
61.5
61.4
60.1 ___
58.4
60.6
61.9 ___
61.9
66.2 ....
76.8 76.1 82.8 184.4 64.2 56.8 63.0 164.3 76.8 76.1 82.1 179.4 63.2 55.2 60.9 159.5
Retail trade— General merchandising
Jan uar y_______
Fe br u a r y _____
M a r c h ________
April.........
M a y ......... .
J u n e ...... ...
July......... .
A u g u s t .......
S e p t e m b e r ____
October......
N o v e m b e r ____
D e c e m b e r ....
75.4
74.8
73.6
71.8
72.2
70.2
66.4
63.8
62.5
61.5
61.7
61.9
83.0 78.8 83.8 182.5 79.8 72.0 77.9 178.2 75.5 70.0 72.1 171.1 68.0 58.9 62.2 163.0
Wholesale trade
Janu ary ....... .
Fe br u a r y .......
M a r c h ........ .
April..........
M a y ......... .
Ju ne. .........
July...........
A u g u s t ........
Sep t e m b e r ....
October.......
N o v e m b e r ....
D e c e m b e r .....
70.5 71.2
71.0 71.0
71.7 ___
72.2
72.6
73.2 ___
73.1 ___
72.8 ___
72.5 ___
72.2 ___
71.8 ___
71.0 ....
84.8
81.2
82.6
82.7
82.1
80.3
74.1
71.5
78.7
83.7
84.6
104.7
Retail trade— other than general merchaning
76.4 86.6 87.3 78.1 61.4 71.1 73.5 79.1 71.0 78.0 77.4 70.6 53.3 56.5 56.9
73.0 85.0 86.2 73.1 57.1 68.9 72.3 77. 69.7 78.2 77.3 68.3 50.7 56.7 56. &
73.1 53.4 71.5
70.7 90.1
77.5 68.4 79.3
67.5 48.1 57.4
80.7 91.0
72.3 60.8 74.0
77. b 71.3 80.3
66.7 50.2 58.5
78.5 92.0
70.5 59.3 74.5
75.9 70.4 80.5
64.5 49.7 58.8
79.9 90.6
67.6 60.6 73.9
75.2 71.5 80.5
61.7 50.5 58.8
74.7 83.0
61.3 56.4 69.5
72.8 70.0 77.9
58.8 49.9 58.2
78.4 81.2
58.5 62.4 66.
71.9 74.6 76.9
56. 53.4 56.
89.0 91.5
64.3 71.8 74.0
73.0 78.4 79.1
57.1 56.0 57.8
93.6 94.2
67.7 75.3 77.3
74.3 80.6 79.5
58.1 58.8 58.7
97.0 99.9
67.9 76.1 99.0
73.0 80.4 79.4
56.7 58.3 58.1
79.2 90.1 80.2
118.9 128.4
74.6 81.3 81.2
56.5 58.6 59.4
Average___ 82.6 84.2 92.8 186.8 69.5 65.4 75.1 172.9 75.2 74.0 79.2 177.4 61.!
53.1 58.0 *56.8
1 Average for 2 months.
* N o t including electric-railroad car building a n d repairing; see transportation e q ui pme nt a n d railroad
repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 1.
18
Table 6.— Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls for Nonmanufacturing Indus
tries, January 1932 to February 1935— Continued
Hotels
Laundries
Employment
P a y rolls
Employment
P a y rolls
1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935 1932 1933 1934 1935
83.2
84.3
84.0
82.7
80.1
78.0
78.4
77.6
77.0
75.4
74.3
73.2
Ja nuary.........
Fe br u a r y ________
M a r c h ....... .
April____________
M a y ............
J u n e ......... —
July.--.........
A u g u s t ..........
Se p t e m b e r ______
October.........
N o v e m b e r ......
D e c e m b e r .......
Aver age —
73.8
73.8
72.4
71.9
71.9
73.6
75.6
77.1
78.7
77.0
75.8
77.6
81.5 85.4 73.9 55.7 60.8 66.0 88.2 78.6 78.5 79.6 80.0 60.7 61.7 63.9
84.8 86.7 73.9 55.9 65.2 67.8 86.3 77.5 78.4 79.6 76.7 58.1 61.7 64.1
86.4
72.4 53.5 66.6
85.4 76.1 79.2
75.0 55.4 62.7
85.4 76.5 80.5
86.6
69.6 51.7 66.5
74.7 56.6 64.4
84.8 76.6 82.1
73.9 57.1 66.9
67.0 51.8 65.9
85.7
86.2
63.8 52.3 66.2
84.4 79.2 84.0
71.8 59.4 68.3
69.4 58.7 68.2
86.3
61.8 53.3 65.6
83.6 79.5 84.6
82.2 81.1 83.7
86.2
59.6 54.0 64.5
66.9 60.3 66.6 :::::
84.4
65.8 63.5 65.9
59.1 55.6 64.3
81.9 82.6 82.9
64.1 62.5 64.8
84.2
80.7 81.3 81.7
58.6 56.2 65.3
79.4 78.4 80.3
57.5 55.2 64.9
61.9 60.7 63.7
83.7
61.4 61.1 63.3
56.6 57.6 64.9
79.1 78.4 79.5
83.3
79.0 74.9 84.9 186.1 64.5 54.4 65.1 166.9 83.5 78.8 81.3 179.6 70.1 59.5 64.9 164.0
D y e i n g a n d cleaning
75.8
74.4
74.4
76.9
78.0
78.6
76.1
73.4
76.9
76.0
72.0
69.5
Jan uar y _________
F e b r u a r y ________
M a r c h __________
April___ ________
M a y __________
J u n e __________
J u l y ____________
A u g u s t __________
S e p t e m b e r _____
October_________
N o v e m b e r ______
D e c e m b e r _______
67.4
65.6
65.8
74.9
75.7
79.1
76.6
76.8
81.9
81.6
76.1
70.5
68.1 70.3 62.4 44.2 46.8 50.4
68.1 69.6 59.0 40.2 46.3 49.8
72.4
58.5 38.9 51.7
62.5 51.7 60.8
79.9
63.8 51.0 65.1
84.3
62.4 53.7 64.1
84.9
56.9 50.0 58.9
80.5
53.4 50.0 56.7
78.6
57.9 57.1 59.0
80.0
55.8 57.4 59.1
80.3
49.6 52.5 53.9
75.8
72.4
45.9 47.3 51.1
75.2 74.3 77.1 i 70.0 57.3 49.5 56.1 150.1
A verage—
i Average for 2 months.
Em pl o y m e n t in Building Construction
R
e p o r t s
f r o m
from
10,236 firms e n g a g e d o n public projects n o t financed
Public W o r k s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n allotments a n d in private building
construction
indicate
a
small
decline
C o m p a r e d with the preceding m o n t h
in
building-construction
in
p a y
rolls.
These
e m p l o y m e n t
in
a n d
decreases, h o w e v e r ,
r e p o r t e d in previous years in F e b r u a r y .
January-February
to
10 percent
to
percent.
decrease
the
Moreover,
a
decrease
of
3.2
percent
In
1932, 1933, a n d
ranged
rolls r a n g e d
1935
nearly
8.6 p e r c e n t
11.6 per c e n t
the
a n d
February
fro m
fr o m
been
1934, the
of
rolls o v e r J a n u a r y .
in
February.
are smaller t h a n h a v e
in e m p l o y m e n t
decrease in p a y
in
localities f or w h i c h d a t a a r e a v a i l a b l e s h o w g a i n s i n e m p l o y m e n t
p a y
16.5
a n d
e m p l o y m e n t
a d e c r e a s e o f 4 p e r c e n t is s h o w n
half
19
In comparison with the corresponding m o n t h
m e n t
in building construction in F e b r u a r y
13.3 p e r c e n t a n d
In
b y
February
the
p a y rolls w e r e u p
the weekly
contractors
a m o u n t e d
to $1,463,053
workers e m p lo yed
p a y
b y
to
the
c o m p a r e d
the s a m e
a n increase of
20.8 percent.
roll f o r t h e
reporting
of last y e a r , e m p l o y
1935 s hows
with
64,240
B u r e a u
workers
of
L a b o r
$1,511,845
earned
contractors in J a n u a r y .
e m pl oye d
Statistics
b y
T h e
66,951
average
w e e k l y earnings of the w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in the construction i n d ustry
in F e b r u a r y
a m o u n t e d
to $22.77, as against $22.58 in J a n u a r y .
T h e
p e r capita w e e k l y e a r n i n g s are c o m p u t e d b y div i d i n g t h e total a m o u n t
o f w e e k l y p a y roll b y t h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f e m p l o y e e s a n d c o n s e q u e n t l y
p a r t - t i m e as well as full-time w o r k e r s are included.
Reports
f rom
firms, indicate
to
1,661,131
ceeding
9,853
that
firms,
the
in F e b r u a r y
m onth.
In
96.3
percent
man-hours
as against
February
the
of
w o r k e d
the
b y
10,236
of w o r k e r s
b y
working
dividing the n u m b e r
emp l o y e d
b y
the
a m o u n t e d
1,720,433 m a n - h o u r s
time
per
27.4 hours, as c o m p a r e d w i t h 27.2 h o u r s in J a n u a r y .
were c o m p u t e d
cooperative
employees
in the pre-
w e e k
of m a n - h o u r s b y
the n u m b e r
firms reporting m a n - h o u r s .
age hourly earnings a m o u n t e d
averaged
T h e s e averages
to 83.7 cents in F e b r u a r y ,
T h e
aver
the s a m e
as
in J a n u a r y .
T a b l e 7 s u m m a r i z e s t h e replies of t h e 1 0 , 2 3 6 c o n t r a c t o r s o n proj e c t s
not financed b y
the
b y
B u r e a u
the
Public W o r k s
of L a b o r
cooperating
Administration funds w h o
Statistics i n F e b r u a r y .
firms w h o
were
engaged
r e p a i r i n g b u i l d i n g s a r e i n c l u d e d i n t h e table.
a n d
d o c k s is n o t i n c l u d e d .
v a r i o u s localities i n 3 4
T h e
States a n d
r e p o r t e d to
All w o r k e r s
in erecting,
W o r k
e m plo yed
altering, o r
o n bridges, roads,
reports c o v e r building opera t i o n s in
t h e District of C o l u m b i a .
20
Table
7.—
E m p l o y m e n t , P a y R oll s, H o u r s , a n d E a r n i n g s
Construction Industry, F e b r u a r y 19 3 5
in t h e B u i l d i n g -
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the B u r e a u of L a bor Statistics b ut are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State bureaus]
Employment
P a y rolls
a
Average
week ly
earnings
Average
hours per
w e e k per
man1
Av erage
hourly
earnings *
All localities............. 10, 238 64,240
Al a b a m a : Birmingham...
California:
Los Angeles.........
S a n Francisco-Oakland...............
Other localities......
T h e State..........
Dollars
-4.0 1,463,053
-3. 2
7,492
+6 . 3
Dollars
22.77
+0. 8
27.4
+0.7
15.29
+2 .1
24.4
(2)
Cents
83.7
Percentage change
from January 1935
February 1935
Percentage chang e
from January 1935
February
1935
Number
Percentage change
from January 1935
February
1935
Amount
Percentage cha nge
from January 1935
a
£
February
1935
<3
Amount
a
<B
O
Percentage change
from January 1935
8*
2
00
Number
Locality
February
1935
1
(2)
83
490
19
656 - 2 1 .7
18,257 -80.5
20.21 - U .8
28.4
—9.6
71.2 - 1 . 8
20
17
614 +12.2
175 - 24.2
18,200 -5 .8
8,671 -2 1.4
21.50 - 15 .6
20.98 +8.7
26.0
24.8
-8 .8
- 2 .7
82.6 - 7.5
84.6 + 6.7
56 1,445 -10 .6
80,128 -20.1
20.85 -10 .6
26.9
- 9 .1
77.4 - 1 .8
10,736
+1.8
19.88
-4.5
24.4
(2)
81.9 - 4 . 3
24.03
22.01
23.61
+ 8 . 2 30.0
-4.5 29.5
+ 7 . 6 29.7
+3.4
-2.0
+6.8
80.1 + 5 . 3
74.0 -1 . 9
79.7 +1. 1
-f-4.0
63.0 + 2 . 6
Colorado: D e n v e r .......
195
540
+6.5
Connecticut:
Bridgeport__________
Hartford.............
N e w H a v e n .........
109
253
149
373
676
666
-9 .0
— 6. G
-6.1
8,962 — 1.6
14,878 -10.9
15,724 +1.1
511 1,715
-6.9
39,564
-4.3
23.07
+ 2 . 8 29.7
+2.4
77.5
+.9
95
752
366 2,986
+9.0
- 9.0
15,684 + 5 . 7
77,521 -10.6
20.86
25.96
- 3.0 29.4
-1 . 7 29.5
-3.3
-1. 3
70.8
88.8
(2)
39
67
169 +11.9
817 -18.2
2,689 +19.7
17,481 -23.5
15.91
21.40
+7 . 0 24.7
-6 .4 28.5
-3.1
-8.4
64.4 +10.5
75.1 + 2 . 0
T h e State.........
Delaware: W i lmi ngt on. ..
District of C o l u m b i a ....
Florida:
Jacksonville.........
M i a m i ...............
-.7
T h e State.........
106
986 -14.3
20,170 -19.6
20.46
-6 .2 27.9
-7 . 9
73.4 + 2 . 1
Georgia: Atlanta........
127
814
-4.5
13,137
-6 .7
16.14
-2 .3 24.1
- 7.3
66.9 + 5 . 4
Illinois:
Chicago.............
Other localities......
188 1,081 +10.8
96 1,422 -10 .2
28,428
26,284
+8.6
+2.9
21.67 - 6 .5
18.45 +14-5
(3)
(W3)
T h e State.........
Indiana:
Evansville...........
Fort W a y n e .........
Indianapolis.........
South B e n d _________
T h e State..........
Iowa: D e s M o i n e s .......
Kansas: Wichita........
Ke ntu cky : Louisville____
Louisiana: N e w Orleans—
Ma ine: Portland........
Mary lan d: Baltimore___
Massachusetts: All locali
ties....................
m
60
75
137
33
2,508
- 2 .2
246 -14.0
155 - 9 . 4
799 + 2 . 7
145 -5 . 8
(3)
49,657 +8.2 19.84 + 5.5 (3)
3,884 -36.3
2,780 -6 . 9
17,712
+.3
2,737 - 5 . 4
15.79 -25.9
17.94 + 2 . 7
22.17 -2 .3
+.5
18.88
27,113
20.16
(3)
(3)
(3)
21.7 -20.5
23.3
-.9
28.0 - 4 1
25.4 + 1 . 6
72.8
77.1
79.1
74.3
26.0
(3)
00
(3)
-6.7
+3.9
+1.7
-1.3
-5. 8
77.4
+.3
20.12 + 1 . 6
18.46 +18.3
17.43 -10.8
17.71 + 4 . 0
19.39 -2 .6
83.9
68.9
65.9
65.5
78.7
+2 . 1
+6.3
-4.9
+2.2
+1.8
88,819 -28 .7
20.51
+ 6.9
-.4
24.1
26.8 +10 .7
26.5 -6. 7
27.1 + 1 . 9
24.7 -3 .9
102 1,649 -28.0
8,189 + 10. 2
3,931 +19.4
15,354 -8. 5
14,555 + 2 . 5
3,646 -18.2
29.8
-8 .9
69.8 + 7.6
688 8,950
94,529
28.98
+ 5.7
28.8
+ 7.2
84.6
305 1,345
83
58
137
105
81
-3.2
407 + 8 . 5
+.9
213
881 + 2 . 6
822 -1. 4
188 -16.1
- 5 .4
-8.5
(*)
* Averages c o m p u t e d from reports furnished b y 9,853 firms.
2 N o change.
3 D a t a not available.
* Less than H o of 1 percent decrease.
(3)
-5. 5
-1.4
21
7*—
E m p l o y m e n t , P a y Rolls, H o u r s , a n d E a r n i n g s in t h e B u i l d i n g Construction Industry, F e b r u a r y 1935— C o n t i n u e d
{Figures in italics are not compiled b y the B u r e a u of L a b o r Statistics ut are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State bureaus]
Michigan:
Detroit..............
Flint.— ...... ......
G r a n d R a p i d s _______
469 3,391
50
112
103
290
+1.0
-4 . 3
+1.4
T h e State..........
622 3,793
+.9
Minnesota:
D u l u t h .............
Minneapolis.........
St. Pa ul_____________
47
199
134
119
829
539
-6 .3
- 1. 9
+3.1
Dollars
95,316
-.5
2,426 +15.1
4,623 +15.7
Dollars
28.11 - 1 . 5
21.66 + 20.3
15.94 +14.0
32.0 -2. 4
27.5 +26.1
24.7 +13.3
Percentage ch ang e
from January 1935
1935
Average
hourly
earnings
February
February
1935
Percentage chang e
from January 1935
§
Average
hours per
w e e k per
man1
Number
1
Percentage cha nge
from January 1935
Number
©
February
1935
i
Amount
2
j Percentage cha nge
from January 1935
i
Of
Locality
February
1935
I£
Average
weekly
earnings
Percentage change
from January 1935
P a y rolls
February
1935
Employment
Amount
Table
Cents
87.7 + . 7
77.8 - 5 . 8
64.6 + . 8
+.4
26.99
-.4
31.3
-.9
2,095 -11.5
17,249 -4. 6
12,383
+.8
17.61
20.81
22.97
-5 . 5
- 2.7
-2.2
23.7
26.4
30.2
-8 . 5
-1.1
-1 . 3
74.6 + 4 . 3
79.3 - 1 . 1
76.2 - . 7
102,365
86.0
+.2
T h e State..........
380 1,487
-.5
31,722
-3 .0
21.34
-2 . 5
27.6
-1.4
77.7
Missouri:
Ka n s a s C i t y 8________
St. Louis____________
240 1,242
536 2,376
-8 .5
-1 . 5
31,043
59,913
-3.2
+.6
24.99
25.22
+5.7
+2.2
27.9
25.5
+6.9
+2.4
89.9 - 1 . 7
99.1 (*)
T h e State..........
-.6
776 3,618
- 4.0
90,956
-.7
25.14
+3.4
26.3
+4.0
95.8
Nebraska: O m a h a .......
152
+7.5
14,883
+9.6
20.47
+1.9
28.0
-2 . 4
73.1 + 4 . 4
N e w York:
N e w Y o r k City......
Other localities......
687 8,362 - 6.7
826 5,125 -13 .3
242,857
120,864
-7.8
- 7.0
29.04
28.58
-1 .2
+7.8
26.5
28.2
+ .4 109.7
+9.3 88.5 - 1 . 9
868 18,487
363,721
- 7 .6
26.97
+2.0
27.1
+ 8.4
99.4 - 1 . 7
-6.6
61.1 - 5 . 4
T h e State..........
North
Carolina:
Char-
- 9.3
— .5
284
-7.8
4,411 -18.4
15.53 -11.5
25.4
81
179
407 1,489
590 1,769
142
410
89
344
-6.3
+.6
+7.9
+3.5
-9 . 7
3,601 -5 .4
32,949 + 1 . 6
45,542 +13.2
9,046 +15.5
8,227 + 2 . 6
20.12 +1 . 0
22.13 + 1. 1
25.74 + 4 . 9
22.06 +11.5
23.92 +13.7
23.2 +4 . 5 86.6 - 3 . 7
26.5 -1 . 5 83.9 + 3 . 6
24.7 + 2.1 103.9 + 2 . 2
26.9 + 10.2 82.1 + 1 . 6
27.2 + 8 . 4 88.0 + 5 . 1
T h e State.......... 1,309 4,191
+2 . 5
99,365
+7.7
23.71
+5.0
25.7
+2.0
92.2 + 2 . 9
5,940 + 2 . 6
2,350 -14.0
16.83
16.10
-9 . 9
+2.5
24.7
23.2
+.4
+8.9
68.1 -10.2
71.1 - 6 . 0
68.9 - 9 . 0
Ohio:
A k r o n ..... -.... ...
Cincinnati •.... ....
Cleveland...........
D a y t o n ..............
Y o u n g s t o w n _________
Oklahoma:
O k l a h o m a City......
Tulsa ......... ......
49
727
85
42
353 +13.9
146 -16.1
T h e State..........
127
499
-2 . 7
16.61
-5 . 7
24.3
+3.8
Oregon: Portland........
155
605 +14.4
12,089 +13.6
19.98
-.7
24.7
-.8
80.8
-.2
Pennsylvania:7
Erie area............
Philadelphia area....
Pittsburgh area______
Readi ng area..... —
Scranton area________
Other areas— ........
28
185 + S . S
309 1,974 -10 .9
186 1,166 + 14.8
39
164 + 1.9
26
116 +28.9
U8 1,511 -12 .2
2,308 +18.2
89,854 - 4.9
29,221 +6.6
2,823
2,554 +26.8
29,641 - 8 .6
12.48
20.19
25.08
17.21
22.02
19.62
+ 4 .1
+6.7
- 7 .1
+ 2.4
- 2 .0
+4.0
+.7
28.6
28.0
26.1
28.7
80.2
+8.7
+ .4
4
- 1.0
+2.4
78.0
71.7
90.8
68.6
77.0
64.2
+ 1.8
20.80
+8.0
28.4
+8.6
78.6
T h e State..........
831 5,115
+3.1
-4 .8
8,290
106,401
-2 .0
i Averages c o m p u t e d fr om reports furnished b y 9,853 firms.
* N o change.
* Includes both K a n s a s City, M o., a n d K ans a s City, Kans.
* Includes Covington a n d N ewport, K y .
* E a c h separate area includes from 2 to 8 counties.
14.8
-•4
-7.1
+2.9
+ 1.6
22
7.—
E m p l o y m e n t , P a y Rolls, H o u r s , a n d E a r n i n g s in t h e B u i l d i n g Construction Industry, F e b r u a r y 1935— C o n t i n u e d
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the B u r e a u of L a b o r Statistics, b u t are taken f r o m reports issued
b y cooperating state organizations]
Rhode
Island: Provi
dence..................
249
898 -11.8
Tennessee:
Chattanooga.........
Knoxville............
M e m p h i s ............
Nashville............
30
35
71
73
121 + 5 . 2
308 -5.8
305 + 5 . 2
318 -41.0
1,917 +21.3
4,886 -12.1
4,775 -3. 7
4,344 -42.0
209 1,052 -17.2
907 +19.2
134
(2)
978 + 5 . 2
361 +50.4
T h e State..........
Texas:
Dallas...............
El Paso..............
H o u s t o n .............
S a n Antonio.........
T h e State..........
Utah: Salt L a k e City___
Virginia:
N orfolk-Portsmouth. _
R i c h m o n d ...........
T h e State..........
189
23
165
82
Dollars
459 2,380 +15.3
18,837
-9.1
Dollars
+3.0
20.98
28.0
+3.3
Percentage c h ang e
from January 1935
1935
February
Cents
74.8
+.1
15.84 +15.3
15.86 -6.7
15.66 -8 .4
13.66 - 1.7
22.7 -1 .7
-.8
24.7
24.0 -6 .6
24.3 -11.6
69.8 +17.5
64.2 - 6 . 0
65.1 - 2 . 3
56.3 +11.5
15,922 -18.7
15.13
24.2
-6 .9
62.7 + 5 . 9
14,807 +19.2
2,207 - 2 . 2
17,681 -5.5
4,219 + 6 . 7
16.33
+• 1
16.47 - 2. 2
18.08 -10.1
11.69 -29.0
+.8
26.3
26.2 + 1 . 9
24.9 -15.6
19.6 -26.0
62.2
62.8
72.4
59.6
-1.0
-4.3
+5.1
-4.2
38,914
16.35
- 9.6
24.7 -10.5
66.0
+.3
19.82 +23.1
24.6 +10.8
81.1 +11.4
+4.2
-1 . 8
70
197 +17.2
3,904 +44.3
59
114
324 +11.0
736 -9 . 0
5,634 +17.2
14,844 -4.1
17.39
20.17
+5.7
+5.5
26.2
29.6
+2.7
+7.2
66.5 + 3 . 1
68.8 - . 4
20,478
19.32
+4 . 9
28.5
+5.6
68.1
173 1,060
-3. 7
+1 . 0
Washington:
Seattle...............
S p o k a n e.............
T a c o m a .............
152
57
74
643 +17.6
154 -6.1
179 +98.9
13,440 + 8 . 7
3,371 -10.0
3,110 +53.2
20.90 -7. 5
21.89 -4.1
17.37 -23.0
T h e State..........
283
976 +21.8
19,921
+9.8
20.41
189 +15.2
149 1,996 + 18.8
3,320
+9.4
17.57
W e s t Virginia: Wheeling.
Wisconsin: All localities—
Average
hourly
earnings
Percentage c han ge
from January 1935
February
1935
Number
February
1935
Amount
February
1935
Percentage ch ang e
from January 1935
Number
o
©
.o
!A m o u n t
February
1935
2
Locality
Average
hours per
w e e k per
man1
Average
weekly
earnings
P a y rolls
Percentage ch ang e
from January 1935
Employment
60
.s
£
Percentage ch ang e
from January 1935
Table
53
42,324 +35.3
+.3
21.3 - 7 . 0
25.2 -4 .5
18.7 -24.6
98.1 - . 8
86.8 + . 6
93.0 + 2 . 4
- 9.8
21.4 -10.1
95.2
+.1
-5. 0
27.0
65.1
+.2
21.20 +13.9
-5.3
30.3 +11.0
69.5 +5.8
i Averages c o m p u t e d fr om reports furnished b y 9,853 firms.
* N o change.
E m p lo ym e nt by Class I Railroads
R eports
railroads—
or over—
a n d
of the Interstate C o m m e r c e
t h a t is, al l r o a d s h a v i n g
s h o w
that the n u m b e r
of fic i a l s , i n c r e a s e d f r o m
(preliminary) o n F e b r u a r y
mation
concerning
the
railroads for F e b r u a r y
data
available
are
railroads a m o u n t e d
1934, w h e n
C o m m i s s i o n
c o v e r i n g class I
operating revenues
of $1,000,000
of e m p l o y e e s , exclusive of execu t i v e s
947,567 o n J a n u a r y
15, 1 9 3 5 , t o 9 5 6 , 9 8 4
15, 1 9 3 5 , a n i n c r e a s e of 1 p e r c e n t .
total
compensation
of
employees
1 9 3 5 is n o t y e t a v a i l a b l e .
for J a n u a r y ,
w h e n
to $126,805,045.
the
In
total
T h e
p a y
of
Infor
class
I
latest pay-roll
rolls o f
comparison with
class
I
D e c e m b e r
t h e t o t a l p a y rolls o f t h e r a i l r o a d s a m o u n t e d t o $ 1 1 8 , 0 6 4 , -
2 9 1 , this r e p r e s e n t s a n i n c r e a s e of 7.4 p e r c e n t .
23
T h e
uary
m o n t h l y
1923
t a b l e 8.
trend
of e m p l o y m e n t
o n
1 9 3 5 is s h o w n
b y
to F e b r u a r y
These index n u m b e r s
C o m m e r c e
Commission,
ployment, the
T a b l e 8.—
1923-25
and,
class I railroads f r o m
the index n u m b e r s
h a v e been compiled b y
like t h e B u r e a u ' s i n d e x
J a n
given in
the Interstate
of factory
e m
a v e r a g e is t h e b a s e .
Indexes of E m p l o y m e n t
on
C l a s s I R a i l r o a d s in t h e U n i t e d
States,
J a n u a r y 1 9 2 3 to F e b r u a r y 1 935
[3-year average, 1923-26=100]
Month
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
J a n u a r y .......
Febru ary......
M a r c h .........
April__________
M a y ...........
J u n e ...........
July----------A u g u s t ........
Se p t e m b e r .....
October........
N o v e m b e r _____
D e c e m b e r .....
98.4
98.1
100.4
101.9
104.8
107.1
108.2
109.2
107.7
107.1
106.0
99.1
96.7
96.9
97.3
98.8
99.1
97.9
98.0
98.9
99.6
100.7
98.9
96.0
95.5
95.3
95.1
96.5
97.7
98.5
99.3
99.5
99.7
100.4
98.9
96.9
95.6
95.8
96.5
98.6
100.0
101.3
102.6
102.4
102.5
103.1
101.0
98.0
95.2
95.0
95.6
97.1
99.1
95.8
100.7
99.2
98.8
98.5
95.5
91.7
89.1
88.7
89.7
91.5
94.4
95.8
95.4
95.5
95.1
95.2
92.7
89.5
88.0
88.6
89.8
91.9
94.6
95.8
96.3
97.1
96.5
96.6
92.8
88.5
86.1
85.2
85.3
86.7
88.3
86.3
84.5
83.5
82.0
80.2
76.9
74.8
73.5
72.6
72.7
73.4
73.8
72.7
72.3
71.0
69.2
67.6
64.4
62.5
61.1
60.2
60.5
59.9
59.6
57.7
56.3
54.9
55.7
56.9
55.8
54.7
53.0
52.7
51.5
51.8
52.5
53.6
55.4
56.8
57.7
57.4
55.8
54.0
54.1
54.6
55.9
56.9
58.5
59.0
58.7
57.8
57.0
56.6
54.8
53.8
153.7
154.2
Average.. 104.0
98.2
97.8
99.8
97.3
92.7
93.1
83.3
70.6
57.8
54.4
56.5
2 54.0
1 Preliminary.
2 Average for 2 months.
Source: Interstate C o m m e r c e Commission.
T r e n d
F luctuations
as
c o m p a r e d
s h o w n
fr om
of Industrial E m p l o y m e n t ,
States
in e m p l o y m e n t a n d pay-roll totals in F e b r u a r y 19 3 5 ,
with
January
b y
States in
data
secured
information
b y
table
1935,
9.
directly f r o m
supplied
b y
in
These
certain
reporting
cooperating
industrial
tabulations h a v e
State
groups,
been
are
prepared
establishments
a n d
agencies.
c o m b i n e d
T h e
fro m
t o t a l o f al l g r o u p s d o e s n o t i n c l u d e b u i l d i n g - c o n s t r u c t i o n d a t a , w h i c h
are s h o w n b y
tion."
In
city a n d
S t a t e t o t a l s i n t h e s e c t i o n “B u i l d i n g c o n s t r u c
addition to t h e c o m b i n e d
e m p l o y m e n t
t o t a l o f all g r o u p s ,
th e t r e n d of
a n d p a y rolls i n t h e m a n u f a c t u r i n g , p u b l i c utility, h o t e l ,
w h o l e s a l e t r a d e , retail tra d e , b i t u m i n o u s - c o a l m i n i n g , c r u d e - p e t r o l e u m
producing,
quarrying
laundry, dyeing a n d
is p r e s e n t e d .
In
a n d
nonmetallic
cleaning, a n d
this S t a t e
mining,
metalliferous mining,
banks-brokerage-insurance groups
compilation,
the
totals of t h e
telephone
a n d t e l e g r a p h , p o w e r a n d light, a n d e l e c t r i c - r a i l r o a d o p e r a t i o n s g r o u p s
h a v e been c o m b i n e d a n d
T h e
percentage
otherwise
the
noted,
groups,
a n d
are presented as o n e g r o u p —
changes
are
the
s h o w n
unweighted;
groups
in the
that
comprising
p u b l i c utilities.
a c com pan yin g
is, t h e
the
table, u n l e s s
industries in c l u d e d
t o t a l o f all g r o u p s ,
in
h a v e
n o t b e e n w e i g h t e d a c c o r d i n g to their relative i m p o r t a n c e in t h e c o m
b i n e d totals.
24
T h e
State
anthracite-mining industry,
of P e n n s y lvania,
s h o w e d
of 2.5 per c e n t in e m p l o y m e n t
percentages
are
based
o n
wh ich
is c o n f i n e d
increases f r o m
a n d
reports
entirely to
Ja nua ry
11.9 percent in p a y
received
fro m
160
to
the
Febru ary
rolls.
T h e s e
mines,
whi c h
e m p l o y e d in F e b r u a r y 89,464 w o r k e r s w h o s e earnings in 1 w e e k e n d i n g
nearest th e 1 5 t h w e r e $2,604,721.
" Whe n
the
identity
of a n y
reporting
c o m p a n y
w o u l d
be
disclosed
b y t h e p u b l i c a t i o n of a S t a t e total for a n y industrial g r o u p , figures for
the group
bu t
d o
n o t a p p e a r in the separate industrial-group tabulation,
a r e i n c l u d e d i n t h e S t a t e t o t a l s f o r “A l l g r o u p s . ”
presented
for
a n y
industrial
group
w h e n
S t a t e c o v e r s less t h a n t h r e e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
the
D a t a
representation
are not
in
the
25
T a b l e 9.—
C o m p a r i s o n o f E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y R olls in Identical E s t a b l i s h m e n t s
in J a n u a r y a n d F e b r u a r y 1935, b y S t ates
[Figures initalicsarenot compiled by the Bureau ofLabor Statistics,but aretaken from reportsissued by
cooperating State organizations]
Total— all groups
State
Num
N u m ber on
ber of
pay
estab roll
lish F e b r u
men t s
ary
1935
Manufacturing
Per
Per
Per
Per
N u m cent
cent N u m ber
cent
cent A m o u n t
on
Amount
age
age
age
of p a y roll
ber of
pay
of p a y roll age
change (1 week) change
change (1 week) change estab
roll
from
from
from
lish
February from
February
bru
Janu
Janu
J a n u m e n t s F eary
Janu
1935
19351
ary
ary
ary
ary
1935
1935
1935
1935
1935
A l a b a m a .........
74,352
1,!
Arizona..........
531 13,901
Arkansas.........
*815 26,384
California........ 3 1,706 241,182
Colorado.........
i,r“ 37.703
+ 7 . 0 $1,097,836
272,497
+1.0
+9.4
+2.7
405,411
6,188,244
+ 1.4
Connecticut......
Delaware. ........
Dist. of Columbia.
Florida...........
Georgia..........
2,133 168,504
223 11,885
963 33,034
1,164 48,777
94,511
3,455,183
251,875
777,110
763,059
1,433,686
+1.0
+2.1
Ida h o ............
Illinois-..........
Indiana..........
I o w a ... .........
Ka ns as...........
8,264
479
(*)
2,552 163,151
55,031
l,1
+2.1
+2.9
-.6
+1.7
+2.1
+.3
165.711
+1.8
+ 1 .3
+1.7
3,491,010
1,155,910
+2.8
117,668
377 26,253
1,108,867
- 1 .5
405
+6.0
-2.1
292
219
268
1, ...
51,509
K e n t u c k y ........
1,630 79,359
Louisiana........
1,026 43,720
M a i n e ...........
863 49,871
M a r y l a n d ........
1,678 102,412
Massachusetts___ 5 8,762 438,871
M i c h i g a n ........
Mi nnesota.— ....
Mississippi.......
Missouri.........
M o n t a n a .........
3,526 454,175
2,189 80,623
608 16,523
3,470 159,933
801 15,427
N e b r a s k a ........
N e v a d a ..........
N e w H a m p s h i r e -.
N e w Jersey......
N e w M e x i c o _____
1,805 34,453
247
2.<—
711 43,862
3,854 244, 718
361
5,925
N e w Y o r k ....... 17.249 695.313
N o r t h Carolina___ 1,232 142,609
N o r t h D a k o t a ____
5,r
504
Oh i o ..........
8,927 529,719
O k l a h o m a .....
1,570 37,707
Oregon ........
Pennsylvania..
R h o d e Island..
South Carolina—
South D a k o t a —
Tennessee.....
Te x a s .........
Utah..........
V e r m o n t ______
Virginia.......
W a s h i n g t o n --W e s t Virginia—
Wisconsin.....
W y o m i n g .....
1,366 40,053
9,612 780.891
1,245 88,146
668 66,838
7,564
404
1,353
81,603
1,261
61,600
590
516
2,137
16,370
14,913
92,691
3,234 72,251
1,250 138,467
™ 1,028 162,118
382
7,r“
+ 1.0
+ 1.4
-1.3
-2.0
+1 . 5
-.9
+.2
+1.6
828,687
1,496,477
736,479
941.702
2,107, i
+. ‘ 9,400,844
+8.0
-.5
+3.1
+4.2
+3.1
+3.
+3 . 6
+ 5.7
+1 ‘
+ 6 . 7 12,176,083 +15.6
+ 1 . 5 1,776,055 +2.2
235,846 + 3 . 4
+2.1
+2.6 3,423,560 + 3 . 6
393,956
-.5
-5.7
-.7
-1.0
+.6
+• 3
+1.0
+1.6
+.2
+.2
732.912
70,988
804,705
5,559,638
115,373
17,562,999
1,997,790
116,051
+ 3 . 0 12,232, 789
762,365
“(7)
854,001
+3.5
+ 1 . 9 17,234,839
+.6 1,761,871
885,329
+.5
183,174
+.‘
+2.1
-8.8
-3.1
+8.0
+1.0
+ 1. 5
+1.8
+8.3
-.8
1,338,259
1,401,047
-2.
1,601,601
2,999,508
194,030
49,841
2,184
670 135,361
7,682
70
V
46
184 19,392
331 70,880
2,685,708
153,839
102,992
256,416
975,073
+ 3.1
+3.8
+7.0
-.3
+1.8
41,435
+5.8
2,499,926
546, 514
+4.7
+3.7
+9.8
24,945
-2 .9
643,256
— 8.1
30,081
24,133
41,567
+3.4
-3 .6
+.6
542,669
356,395
755,870
+4.5
-4.0
+5.0
62
2,126
688 66,071
1,561 243,445
- 3.0
+2.8
387
104
796
91
32,016
10,027
76.585
3,674
154
25
199
12,965
729
37,601
-1.5
20,239
399
207
31
68,282
59,731
1,783
+1.1
+.4
+1.0
53
1,827
+6.2
+6.6
+8.6
+1.5
-5.8
+4.4
+.4
+4.5
6,565
+4.8
1,833,371
14,937
+. 3
+ 4 . 6 8,919,867
-.7 202,162
+11.9
+7.4
+ 11. 9
+1.6
+1.0
-.1
+.8
- 2 .7
31,385
54,039
663! 754
+.1
+3 . 5
444
241
277,931
+8.5
+18.9
+8.7 9,265,996
55,932
759 181,116
-.3
-3.0
+4.9
+2.5
82.585
148
425
+ 1.5
+4.0
4,668,808
+3. 1
298
4.597
9,698
56,710
4,870, "
10,144,609
667,953
+4.2
126,433
+3. 1
+ 5 . 8 1,548,067
86,175
-9.3
874
100
287,889
3. 160,579
«+S.5 1,279,418 «+10.0
+7.
2,171 424,437
+8.
+.7
+2.5
+4.4
-.9
-2.6
800 888,256
+5. 1
+7.4
+4.0
+9 . 9
+9.1
+3.5
+4.3
11,481
625
46
2,408 381,307
158 10, 394
-1.1
$676,630
41,880
252,745
174
-1.7
+ 8. 5
+.*
+1.0
+1.1
— 12. ~
+2.8
+5.4
+3.4
+2.6
+2.0
+1.2
8747 210,820
-1.
27
328
+2.0 *1,898 884,298
+1.2
586 132,799
+.3
365,513
292,333 +12.3
1,683, 766 +2.2
8,416,441
229
46
822 16,751
943 126,711
- 4.8
+11.8
+2.~
381,858
8,878,862
1,278,713
769,621
35,005
870,462
686,072
90,638
186,109
989,133
619,471
+4.0
+ 3 . 4 1,179,
6+8.6 2,742,467
+5 . 1
48,619
+1.5
+6.6
-1.2
+5.9
+1 . 5
+.8
+.7
+5.1
- 2 .4
+1.6
+ 16. 0
+5.4
+9.8
+1 0.7
6 +9 .4
+6.5
1 D o e s not include annual bo nus payments.
(See note 7, table 5.)
* Includes automobile dealers a n d garages, a n d sand, gravel, a n d building stone.
* Includes banks, insurance, a n d office em ployment.
* Includes building a n d contracting.
• Includes construction, municipal, agricultural, a n d office em plo yme nt, a m u s e m e n t a n d recreation,
professional, a n d transportation services.
6 W e i ght ed percentage change.
7 Less than H o of 1 percent.
8 Includes laundries.
• Includes laundering a n d cleaning, but does not include food, canning, a n d preserving.
10 Includes construction, but does not include hotels a n d restaurants, an d public works.
26
Table 9.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in January and February 1935, by States— Continued
[Figures'initalicsare not compiled by the Bureau ofLabor Statistics,but are taken from reportsissued by
cooperating State organizations]
Wholesale trade
State
Alabama—
Arizona__
Arkansas..
California.
Colorado—
Connecticut....
Delaware______
Dist. of Columbia.
Florida____ ___
Georgia.......
Idaho__
Illinois--.
Indiana.
Iowa___
KansasKentucky....
Louisiana....
Maine......
Maryland....
Massachusetts.
Michigan. __
Minnesota..
Mississippi..
Missouri__
Montana__
Nebraska....
Nevada.......
N ew HampshireNew Jersey__
New Mexico__
New York...
North Carolina—
North Dakota___
Ohio.. .....
Oklahoma___
Oregon.......
Pennsylvania__
Bhode Island__
South Carolina..
South Dakota....
Tennessee..
Texas....
Utah— ...
Vermont— .
Virginia__
Washington__
West Virginia..
Wisconsin...
Wyoming....
Num
ber of
estab
lish
ments
N u m Per
ber on cent
age
pay change
roll from
Febru Janu
ary
ary
1935
1935
Betail trade
Per
Amount of cent
pay roll age
(1 week) change
from
February Janu
1935
ary
-0.4
Num
N u m ber on
ber of pay
estab roll
lish Febru
ments ary
1935
1935
+1.0
109
67
2,406
2,092
138
92
1,700
5,299
216
14
60
225
104
7,659
517
671
+.4
12,3
-9.4
234
349
170
5,452
3,129
135,256
80.242
+1.4
1.114
594
2,826
-1.5
71,103
17,770
9,693
166
+1.
+. 1
801
8,941
203
173
105
3,
3,243
1,489
-9.5
62,802
74,030
36,409
590
428
249
7,139
146
3,149
+.5
$58,577
24,817
-.1
79,428
+1 . 5
— .7
+8.
-.8
1,112 +3.
8,173 +1.0
1,496
+1.3
+.2
-.3
249 s,r~ -1.1
17,776
+.
327
6,546
+•
332
8,824 -2.0
1,112 -2.3
63
710 14,975
+.5
683
275
5,876
2,946
121
2,627
28,784
-.4
+2.0
84
741
+1.2
734
13,265
1,494
13,333
6,743
8,687
+1.9
43,275
149,318
+1.7
145,948
11,536
33,157
120,500
35,974
+4.8
-2.1
+5.2
+.2
+ 1.6
-2.5
-1.5
542
8,098
1,?
95
1,087
-7 . 0
2,340
-.8
673 16,332
8 4 ,686
4
4,352 66,597
471,412 +1.8
1,600 28,985
172,387 +2.0
-.2 1,049 16,248
233,552
22,571
195
1,951
+• 1
381,449 +1.0
1,385 29,848
386
2,889
27.243 -1. ‘
450
48
43
226
35
3,872
281
+.9
+.7
+.4
-1 . 4
+1 . 5
99,932
9,516
12,558
118,147
6,492
3,621
65
115
1,038
157
66,155
798
487
15,970
2,517
270
1,207
96
64
52
3,405
19,895
211
3,182
266
1,
775
481
-cp
+5! 2
-.6
+1.1
-.6
+3. 5
+.“
-1. 4
-2.0
-1.3
-1.
-2.
180
V"
212
-.4
477
3,572 -15.
782
113
9,892
1,800
45
1,934
73
27
26
7Less than Ho of 1 percent.
235
+.3
-1.
+.7
-4. 5
2,033,646
22,617
11,818
411,431
59,754
+1.5
+(7)
-1.
-1.1
+1.
+1.5
-3.5
+7.5
+.2
-.1
94,713 +1.0
547,458 +2.6
47,946
+.1
-.2
17,879
11,376 -2.0
70,056
-.6
108,157 - 6.0
28,072
10, 779
77,390
-2.9
271,916
46,398
+2 .3
44,154
6,697
-1.1
-2.
-.2
+1.7
-4.6
816
102
258
2.115
190
8,571
656
2,483
19,988
1,171
9,376 125,055
421
4,020
140
1,653
4,252 58,119
779
7,
Per
Per
cent Amount cent
age
of pay
age
change roll (1 change
from
from
week)
Janu Febru Janu
ary
ary
ary
1935
1935
+1.0
-2. 4
- 2.1
+1.
$104,971
57,812
-2. 9
+4.0
-2.5
283,966
29,815
284,205
127,316
144,321
-2. 4
+.9
42,931
588,967
161,992
+.5
-(J)
+.1
-.8
+.9
-2.1
36,293
176,634
- 1 .5
+6 . 7
+1.7
131,142
112,819
45,982
-.2
-.6
-.7
— 1.5
-.9
-3 .1
-1.4
307,421
- 2 .3
+.4
-.9
-1.8
-.5
646,757
317,497
30,041
611,537
66,450
-1.2
-2.7
-.8
-.4
157,395
17,547
50,483
450.989
24,953
-1.7 1,333,342
-2.3
-.8
-1. '
-1.1
+3.8
+1 .3
-1.5
2,975,975
60,652
33,611
-1.8 1,113,—
+.2 142,915
-.4 167,087
8,150
262
149
2,580
1,387
10, 261
1,658
292
15,062
3,454
-.7
+4.5
306,651
62,876
10,516
- 3 .1
148,724
1,072
-.4
-1.9
355,252
198,676
468
180
-.8
-1 .5
+.9
8,153
63,910
9,317
2,925
1,520
9,127
+0.8
-.8
-1 .3
-1 . 4
577
3,596
601
271
196
343
1935
+3 .1 1,262,961
178,230
-1 . 4
41,528
+3.7
31,083
-1.0
-2 .7
- 8.0
-3.7
-2.1
-3 .5
141.989
171,502
57,708
28,054
185,587
24,307
-1.2
-2.3
+1.5
+.2
-.8
+.6
+. 1
-3 . 3
-10.2
-2.8
+.4
+.5
+1.5
-1.1
+2.3
-4.0
-2.2
+.6
-1.2
-2.2
-2 . 4
-.6
+.2
-2.0
-1 . 3
27
Table 9.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in January and February 1935, by States— Continued
IFiguresinitalicsarenot compiled by the Bureau ofLabor Statistics,but aretaken from reportsissuedby
cooperating State organizations]
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
State
Num
ber
on
pay
roll
lish- Febru
ments
ary
Num
ber
of
N u m PerPer
Per
Per
ber
cent- A m o u n t cent
cent A m o u n t cent N u m
ber
on
of pay
age
of pay
age
age
change
of
roll
roll
change
change
pay
from (1 week) from
roll
from (1 week) from estab
Janu February Janu lish Febru Janu February Janu
ary
ary
ary ments
ary
1935
ary
1935
1935
1,157
+44.3
$19,293
87,053
+7.2
2,892
+8.7
60,101
+6.4
1,997
+1.2
45,779
+3.9
1,804
-8.8
22,660
-.6
4,627
1,067
+.8
+2.6
74,375
19,899
+3.3
+13.0
1,781
3,571
-1. 3
-7. 6
19,538
105,813
+5.6
+3.0
370
- 7.3
9,455
+1.6
+1.2
16,283
+.1
1,176
-.3
19,645
+7.0
413 +2 . 7
40 +25.0
$4,581
488
+8 . 9
24
+9.1,
-.5
15,235
439
-10.8
Connecticut___
Delaware... .
Dist. of Columbia.
Florida_______
Georgia.......
131
+.8
2,273
+2.7
1,325
-4. 8
-5. 4
9,680
13,015
-9 .5
-3.1
Kentucky......
Louisiana______
M a i n e .........
Maryland .....
Massachusetts -.
Nebraska.......
N e v a d a ........
N e w Hampshire.
N e w Jersey.....
N e w Mexico____
Texas___
U t a h .....
Vermont..
Virginia...
-22.9
+4.6
15 -67.4
6,298 -15.1
7,528 + 2 . 7
311 -66.3
-10 .4
-3.1
857 +8 .9
144 -4. 6
189 +12.5
1,061 +6 . 3
50 -21.9
Missouri.
Montana..
Oregon.........
Pennsylvania--R h o d e Island___
South Carolina_
South Dakota__
7,349 -10.2
15,927 + 7 . 5
4,702 +14.8
24,081 - . 1
313
Michigan..
Minnesota.
N e w Y o r k ......
North Carolina__
North Dakota__
Ohio...........
O k l a h o ma ______
407 -13.6
1,054 + 8 . 4
283 + 2 . 9
1,240 - 1.7
146
2,198
14,183 +9 . 5
2,665 +6.1
2,629 +84.8
14,482 +13.8
755 -11.3
(“
)
1,778
+68.2
67
337
-6 .9
-7 . 4
1,
-14.8
-.5
6,414
145
+7 .1
60,174 +23.7
165 +17.9
+26.5
1,797 +12.4
1,041 +37.3
18
585
+2.1
174 +87.0
42
1,601
-2. 3
+9.4
1,“' +11.8
Washington.— .
W e s t Virginia..
Wisconsin-___
W y o m i n g . ___
281 +66.3
792 + 2 . 5
10S +12.0
11 N o change.
27,567
-6.5
25,857 -8 .4
3,341 +22.5
64 +16.4
3,467 + 4 . 9
- 3.5
13
-.2
2,417
110
U
-7.0
-15
124
12
1,
+48.3
+4.1
5,867 -10.5
142
1,356 -11.9
305 +23.0
1935
1935
-6.1
Alabama...
Arizona__
Arkansas..
California..
Colorado...
Idaho...
Illinois—
Indiana.
Iowa_
1935
1935
1935
36,110
1,310
5,995
+1.4
-8 .9
-5.3
2,801 +69.8
960 + 7 . 9
28,345 +24.5
11,790 + 4 . 9
3,592 +71.3
+19.5
12,120
1,867 +50.1
13
(12)
360
+8.8
7,575
+7.2
2,147
-1.3
47,461
-.5
784
+8.4
15,945
+2.8
i2 N o t available.
28
Table 9.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in January and February 1935, by States— Continued
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued
b y cooperating State organizations]
Bituminous-coal mining
State
Alabama.
Ariznna
Arlransas _
California
Colorado________
Crude-petroleum producing
Per
Per
Per
Per
N u m cent A m o u n t cent N u m N u m cent A m o u n t
cent
N u m ber
on
of
pay
ber
on
age
age
of
pay
age
age
ber
of
ber of
change roll (1 change estab pay roll, change roll (1 change
estab payroll,
week),
from
from
week),
from
Febru from
lish
lish Febru
ary
ary
Janu February Janu ments
Janu February Janu
ments
ary
1935
ary
ary
ary
1935
1935
1935
1935
1935
1935
1935
10,396 +22.3
$165,205 +23.6
21 1,728 -2.1
53
25,148 -2.1
41
4,367
-5.4
85,507
-9.8
51
22
6,030
2,125
+1.7
+1.0
148,266
46,058
+5.5
+2.0
26,956
+2.9
1,509 -.8
80,598 +5.0
7
34
314
9,464
-2.5
-1.1
$7,738
313,845
-2.8
+1.8
9
4
163
20
-4.7
-4.8
3,454
303
-4.6
-11.9
61,043 +11.6
21
1,514
+.7
37,387
+1.0
531,860 +13.6
3
8
189
241
-5.0
+.4
2,856
6,465
-8.0
-(0
fJnnnftfttifiiit- _
Delaware________
Dist. of Columbia .
Florida__________
Georgia_________
Tdftho
Illinois..........
Indiana_________
Iow a ____________
Transas__________
U
2,104 -1.6
K e n t u c k y_______
Louisiana_______
M a i n e ___________
M a r y l a n d _______
Massachusetts___
121
Michigan________
Minnesota_______
Mississippi______
Missouri-_______
M o n t a n a ________
3
959
+3.0
24,463
-2.0
3
54
+42.1
1,007
+7.6
19
10
1,805
851
-.1
-2.9
31,273
24,046
-2.7
+1.7
7
30
+11.1
803
+4.4
Nebraska ____ N e v a d a _________
N e w Hampshire
N e w Jersey______
N e w Mexico_____
13
1,672
+1.5
33,065
-6.2
5
192
+9.7
4,667
-4.1
5
235
-4.1
5,129
-6.4
N e w Y o r k _______
North Carolina
North Dakota___
Ohio............
Oklahoma..
Oregon
Pennsylvania....
R h o d e Island____
South Carolina
South Dakota.. __
Tennessee_______
Texas_____'___ __
U t a h ............
Ve r m o n t________
Virginiift.f______
Washington_____
We s t Virginia....
Wisconsin_______
W y o m i n g _______
H
6
77
17
509
14,643
779
(“)
+.1
-3.2
11,692 +6.2
320,973 +11.9
10,511 -14.6
8
58
79
5,383
+1.3
+.6
1,157
130,156
-2.5
+9.1
449
76,319
+.6
1,637,617 +14.8
21
798
-7.3
19,633
+1.9
17
5
17
3,286
368
2,414
-. 9
-.5
-3.8
55,244
6,568
67,316
+7.9
+4.4
+2.8
36
10,948
-.9
204,131
-2.5
13
358
1,053
68,913
-.4
+1.1
32
3,634
-2.1
30,468 +1.8
1,485,545 +11.8
91,179
7 Less than H o of 1 percent.
-7.6
7 5,692 -4.1 199,642 +2.7
7
278
-26.3
5,279
-19.7
5
120
(“)
3,474
+.5
n N o change.
29
'Table 9.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in January and February 1935, by States— Continued
.[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State organizations]
Public utilities
State
Hotels
Per
o u n t of
N u m N u m cent
age A mpay
roll
ber of ber on change
estab payroll, from (1 week),
lish Febru Jan February
1935
ments ary 1935 uary
1935
Per
cent
age
change
from
Jan
uary
1935
A l a b a m a........
Arizona.... .....
Arkansas— *......
California........
Colorado........
209
•Connecticut.....
Delaware________
Dist. of Columbia.
Florida.. .......
Georgia.........
111
29
21
186
186
Idaho...........
Illinois__________
Indiana.........
Iowa__..........
Kansas..........
Num
ber on
payroll,
Febru
ary 1935
Per
cent
age
change
from
Jan
uary
1935
Amount
of pay roll
(1 week),
February
1935
Per
cent
age
change
from
Jan
uary
1935
22
18
1,204
707
+0.8
+17.8
$10,680
10,746
+2.4
+17.6
Num
ber of
estab
lish
ments
1,908
1,648
+1.0
+1.5
$39,909
38,014
-2.2
50
1,178
+1.5
16,222
+1.0
7,795
1,136
7,003
5,304
7,368
-.2
-.5
+1.6
+ .5
-.6
236,758
31,694
192,014
131,435
195,025
+1.5
+1.1
+2.7
+1.1
-.4
31
5
45
104
37
1,294
295
4,396
5,972
1,605
-2.5
+2.8
+.6
+21.7
+2.7
17,722
4,139
70,82b
71,140
14,499
+1.0
+8.3
+3.2
+24.8
+8.5
57
776
-3.2
15,935
-1.4
19
426
+1.9
5,089
+2.7
135
398
9,092
8,815
-.3
-1.1
-.1
232,889
207,317
161,580
+1.3
-1.4
-.6
-58
2,617
2,618
-2.0
-1.1
28,906
24,780
+3.4
+5.3
285
150
169
6,401
5,704
2,939
+.1
-.8
-5.6
- 2.2
+.1
147,233
138,509
79,082
-.6
-.8
-2.7
33
19
16
1,946
2,106
609
+3.0
+4.6
+1.3
- 1.5
-.6
20,402
23,236
7,721
+4.7
+5.6
+1.8
Michigan........
Minnesota.......
Mississippi......
Missouri........
M o n t a n a ________
410
203
191
257
113
29,271
12,601
2,049
20,528
2,109
+.6
+.1
+.8
-.8
-2.9
884,178
336,496
40,875
559,745
61,515
+.2
+. 5
-2.4
-1.1
-7.0
91
66
18
88
33
5,450
3,323
623
5,090
528
+4.9
+2.8
+10.5
-.7
+.4
67,996
41,394
5,047
65,159
7,301
+2.0
+5.2
+10.5
+1.5
+1.5
Nebraska........
Nevada..........
N e w Hampshire..
N e w Jersey______
N e w Mexico_____
304
38
137
256
53
5,764
367
2,204
20,652
634
+.3
-3.2
+•7
-2.2
+.6
145,518
11,381
59,015
618,577
12,685
-.1
-2.2
-4.6
-2.3
-1.1
38
15
10
76
17
1,695
246
252
3,761
493
+. 5
+3.4
+9.6
-6.1
+.6
18,277
3,503
2,941
47,597
4,226
+1.7
+.9
+6.3
-4.2
+4.1
N e w Y o r k _______
North Carolina__
North Dakota___
Oh i o............
O k l a h o m a .......
879
73
128
484
268
89,255
1,942
1,280
34,948
6,466
-.9
-.3
+. 9
-.6
-.8
2,824,750
-.1
40,712
-.7
30,846 -1.8
960,662 + ( 0
149,942 -1.6
220
30
20
125
40
30,740
1,458
294
9,048
1,474
-.1
+ .6
-.3
+1.0
+5.4
Oregon..........
Pennsylvania____
R h o d e Island____
South Carolina__
South Dakota....
798 48,181 -.8 1,893,842 +(*)
5,587
63
148
10
17
18
1,405
9,676
358
502
259
(“)
+.2
+2.0
+11.1
+1.2
Tennessee.......
Texas...........
U t a h ............
V e r m o n t........
Virginia.........
7,418
814
71
+. 1
- 2.0
-2.0
-2.1
-.7
35
Washington......
We s t Virginia
Wisconsin_______
W y o m i n g ........
184
111
-.8
-2.3
+.S
-2.8
Kentucky.......
Louisiana........
M a i n e ... .......
M a r y l a n d .......
Massachusetts---
89
65
+<0
te 1,077 -18.8 &4,944 -16.1
+.1 1,267,920 +4.2
U 42,178
145,414 -1.4
5,789
-.6
M
m
6,850
95 12,218
u m 45,871
174
868,606 +1.4
1,862,474 +.8
81 1,002 +6.8 9,275 +7.2
169 9,040 +.9 148,167 +8.2
29
784 +1.2
18 675
66 5,685
8,159
+.9
8,604 +8.8
84,848
494,448
+.2
13,091
+1.7
3,213
-.1
116,630 -(*)
16,757
+7.7
-.4
156,928
-.7
5,531 -1.7
2,133 +10.8
934
+. 5
170,275
41,670
22,938
+1.0
+5.4
-2.0
248
4,992
111,472
205,001
+1.0
87 2,846 +1.8
15
15
35
493
354
1,824
-1.2
+2.0
(»)
27,872 -8.7
101
152
39,069
28,453
139,600
-6.2
+ 1.0
-1.3
+6.0
-2.8
2,468
1,860
1,066
5,680
282,624
165,045
-.1
-1.7
84
36
2,523
1,273
-.3
+2.7
11,202
-5.7
13
101
-1.0
47
77
60
49
9,943
6,489
11,045
485
7 Less than H o of 1 percent.
11 N o change.
12 N o t available.
848,857 +2.7
4» 1,419
18,420
133,964
5,149
4,487
3,012
+•4
is Includes restaurants.
^ Includes steam railways.
14 Includes railways and express.
+.9
+2.2
+3.0
+9.1
+3.4
21,885
+4.9
6,594
3,333
19,489
+3.4
+. 2
+2.2
29,525
13,735
(12)
1,334
-. 3
+2.7
+:i
30
Table 9.— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments;
in January and February 1935, by States— Continued
[Figures in italicsare not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics,but are taken from reports issued
by cooperating Stateorganizations]
Laundries
State
Alabama...
Arizona___
Arkansas..
California..
Colorado...
Num
N u m ber on
ber of pay
estab roll
lish Febru
ments
ary
1935
16
11
Connecticut_____
Delaware.......
District of C o l u m
bia...........
Florida.........
Georgia.........
Idaho—
Illinois.-.
Indiana..
Io w a --Kansas...
779
347
19 54S
w 59 4,800
Per
Per
Per
N u m Per
cent A m o u n t cent N u m ber
mount
cent
on cent Aof
of pay
age
age
pay
age
age
roll
change ber of pay
change
roll
change
roll change
from (1 week) from estab
from (1 week) from
lish
Febru
Janu February Janu ments
Janu February Janu
ary
ary
ary
1935
ary
1935
ary
1935
1935
1935
1935
1935
-0.3
+1.5
$7,997
4,704
+1.0
-2.2
-1.8
-2.0
"— 2.0
$663
-2.2
-1.0
3,932
-3.6-
201
4,244
-.1
90
144
(“)
+12.5
-2.7
1,230
1,350
1,935
+18. ft
504
115
-1.7
-.4
8,063
2,148
-l.fr
+2.1
1,273
2,626
-2.5
48
+4.4
5,628 -.2
76,100 +. 1
'" 5 6
1,163
-2.0
36
4
1,130
297
-.4
-1.3
18
2,678
1,495
V “
-.2
+11.6
17
322
-1.5
5,037
-.7
40
28
1,751
-.1
-.4
- 1.0
25,090
14,873
10,165
+1.8
-.2
+ 1.2
+.7
-.3
+.2
22,112
+ .4
1,779 -.2
5,888
27,055
94,688
-.5
77 1,849
+.5
-.5
+2.1
+3.0
-2.5
46,617
23,794
3.815
35,559
6,342
-.4
+.7
-1.4
783
452
48
958
50
22
20
(16)
l
Dyeing and cleaning
Kentucky.....
Louisiana.....
Maine. .......
Maryland.....
Massachusetts.
1,102
789
1,747
303
546
Michigan...
3,012
1,471
360
2,681
357
Minnesota..
Mississippi-
Missouri--
Montana—
-3.4
+2.9
15,271
17,937
4,952
19
-4.0
42,817
+. 5
20,549 +24.6
23,072 -3.3
3,156
7,636
+.4
+.6
+.5
+3.7
8
5
7
10
*218
273
95
150
200
1,625
+3.1
-1.0
330
-5.5
-2.4
1,170
7,003
+2.1
117
-3.4
-3.3
6,220
1,505
-2.2
+2.3
-1.1
36,676
2,238
+2. a
-2.6
-3.6
+2.7
-1.4
+2.9
1.487
22,845
5,159
968
644
-.7
+4.1
-5.9
+3.5
-4.0
1,845
7.487
1,870
883
5,064
-.3
+3.6
-4.8
2,376
2,956
+2.8
+1.0
-7.7
4,495
77,451
3,259
+4.0
N e w Y o r k ......
North Carolina..
North Dakota__
Ohio...........
O k l a h o m a ......
7,080
569
260
3,971
919
-. 6
126,611
6,311
3,871
64,694
11,522
+.6
+1.2
-1, ‘
+.5
-.1
1,945
181
4,866
42,634
18,066
4,123
1,552
- .2
74
1,404
307
71
35
+1.8
-2.3
+1.6
16,280
9,825
945
13,896
-4.3
-.4
-2.9
+.9
12,262
9,494
+1.3
2,505
-4.2
1,(—
429
127
Tennessee..
Texas....
U t a h ......
Vermont...
Virginia.— .
16
26
12
6
23
1,456
1,420
682
84
1,139
Washington— .
W e s t Virginia..
Wisconsin....
W y o m i n g ....
18
19
705
665
10£7
8
11N o
890
153
change.
-1. ‘
+2.3
-3.3
-1.6
+.7
-3.8
8,111 -4.2
668 -10.7
-2.8
11,895
2,760
+. 4
-3.2
-7.7
8,482 +5.5
82,047 -4.?
15,345
- 1.2
103
-9.0
+.3
-.7
+.7
+1.4
8.9
+ .1
+2.7
+1.7
+.8
+.5
Oregon........
Pennsylvania...
R h o d e Island...
South Carolina..
South Dakota...
-
-5.7
301
4,692
- .8
-.2
-.1
+8.1
-2.&
-2.1
15,876
999
824
-1.2
-1.1
-.7
-L0
-1.1
+1.6
Nebraska..... .
N e v a d a ........
N e w Hampshire .
N e w Jersey.....
N e w Mexico....
210
-1.4
-6.5— 17.5
+1.7
-1.
-.5
+1.0
-2.2
14,810 +2.1
146
435
112
+1.8
-1.2
12,557 -1.8
139
19
ie Includes dyeing and cleaning.
+3.fr
-7.8.
+i.a
-.6
-
4 .7
-.9
+.5
- 2.5
- 3. a
+.6
+.8
31
Table 9*— Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in January and February 1935, by States— Continued
[Figuresinitalicsarenot compiled by the Bureau ofLabor Statistics,but aretakenfrom reportsissuedby
cooperating Stateorganizations]
Banks, brokerage, and insurance
State
Number
of estab
lishments
Percent A m o u n t of Percentage
Number
age
change
pay roll
on pay roll change
from
(1 week)
from
February
i January
January February
1935
1935
1935
1935
A l a b a m a ... .............................
Arizona..................................
Arkansas......... .......................
California.... ...........................
Colorado.................................
12
23
16
1,119
41
324
234
152
22,168
1,200
-1.5
+8.8
00
+.5
+.3
$9,330
6,642
3,980
722,644
40,170
-0.8
+7.6
+.2
+.8
+.6
Connecticut..............................
Delaware.................................
District of Columbia......................
Florida..................................
Georgia..................................
51
13
29
23
27
1,668
399
1,317
772
1,017
-.1
-.5
-.1
+.4
+.1
60,627
14,405
49,869
24,673
30,772
- .6
-1.0
+.4
+1.6
+.5
Idaho....................................
Illinois...................................
Indiana..................................
I o wa ....................................
Kansas...................................
14
83
42
13
131
10,951
1,193
898
-.8
+7.0
+.3
-1.5
-.4
3,320
388,357
41,132
30,600
- .7
+1.7
+1.7
+1.4
20
12
15
25
672
316
21b
873
25,270
13,068
6,065
35,847
229,179
-.2
+.4
-.4
+. 1
17 47
9U
30,286
-.1
Kentucky................................
Louisiana................................
Maine.____ ___ __________________________
M a ryland...................... .... ....
Massachusetts-................ ...........
ii m
7,758
(“)
-.3
-1.4
(n)
+.1
Michigan.............. ..................
Minnesota...............................
Mississippi...............................
Missouri... ........ .....................
Montana.................................
175
51
15
78
22
6,118
4,477
164
4,618
231
-1.0
+2.7
(ll)
-.1
+.4
200,410
124,694
3,767
140,875
6,514
+.1
-1.8
+.9
- ( 7)
-1.4
Nebraska............ ....................
N e v a d a ..... ............................
N e w Hampshire...... ...................
N e w Jersey______________________________
N e w Mexico...... ....... ............. .
17
3
32
119
10
517
15
386
12,941
108
+. 2
+7.1
+1.0
+.2
-.9
18, 561
475
9,200
381,443
2,933
+.3
+1.9
-1.9
-.8
-3.1
N e w Y o r k ...... ....... .................
North Carolina...........................
North Dakota.................... ........
658
28
34
251
25
50,877
601
225
7,272
499
-.2
+.4
-.2
-.6
-.1
1,797,195
16,190
5,584
250,694
15,453
-.1
+.7
-1.0
+1.0
-1.0
14
19,407
-.1
+. *
617,m
26,524
+.1
- .4
-1.6
+1.8
Oklahoma............ ...................
Oregon. ..................................
Pennsylvania............................
R h o d e Island.............................
South Carolina...........................
South Dakota............................
622
30
10
1,436
107
214
Tennessee................................
Texas....................................
Utah....................................
V e r m o n t .................................
Virginia.................................
28
43
14
27
44
1,046
1,671
446
187
1,135
Washington..............................
W est Virginia.... .......................
Wisconsin.... .................. .........
W y m i n g .................................
27
1,253
27
11
1,086
107
i Does not include annual bonus payments.
7 Less than H o of 1 percent.
11 N o change.
27 Does not include brokerage.
65
45
751
571
(See note 7, table 5.)
-.3
(u)
-.9
+. 6
+.4
-1.1
-.5
-.9
-7.2
-.2
-.5
-.9
58,220
3,256
5,321
36,926
48,020
16,000
5,432
+.1
-1 . 3
+(*)
-.3
-.4
37,686
+.7
-. 3
42,486
16,680
39,810
3,171
-. 7
+1.1
+2.8
-.7
32
Industrial E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls in Principal Cities
F
lu ctu ati ons
1935
in e m p l o y m e n t
as c o m p a r e d
and
with January
pay-roll totals in F e b r u a r y
1 9 3 5 in 13
cities of t h e U n i t e d
S t a t e s h a y i n g a p o p u l a t i o n of 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 o r o v e r a r e p r e s e n t e d i n t a b l e 10..
T h e s e c h a n g e s a r e c o m p u t e d f r o m r e p o r t s r e c e i v e d f r o m identical
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in e a c h of t h e m o n t h s c o n s i d e r e d .
I n a d d i t i o n to r e p o r t s r e c e i v e d f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in t h e s e v e r a L
industrial g r o u p s re g u l a r l y c o v e r e d in t h e s u r v e y of t h e B u r e a u , e x
c l u d i n g b u i l d i n g c on s tr u c t i o n , r e p o r t s h a v e also b e e n s e c u r e d f r o m
o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n t h e s e cities for in cl u si o n in
these
totals.
I n f o r m a t i o n c o n c e r n i n g e m p l o y m e n t in b u i l d i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n is n o t
ava il a bl e for all cities a t this t i m e a n d t h e re f or e h a s n o t b e e n i n c l u d e d .
Table
10.— Fluctuations in E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls in J a n u a r y 1935 as
C o m p a r e d with F e br u a r y 1935
N u m b e r of
establish
ments re
porting
in both
months
Cities
N e w Y o r k City--.......
Chicago, HI.............
Philadelphia, P a ........
Detroit, M i c h ..........
Los Angeles, Calif.......
Cleveland, Ohio........
St. Louis, M o ... .......
Baltimore, M d .........
Boston, M a s s ...........
Pittsburgh, P a ..........
San Francisco, Calif.....
Buffalo, N. Y _ .........
Milwaukee, W i s ________
13,807
3.932
2.932
1,598
2,300
1,992
1,903
1,374
3,402
1,423
1,510
1,014
795
N u m b e r on pay roll
January
1935
February
1935
523,836
350,135
212,444
299,358
119,800
122,781
113,305
75,898
147,253
112,703
68,038
61,314
60,867
527,754
357,436
214,655
319,393
121,171
126,332
116,772
76,994
148,554
116,202
68,466
64,310
62,291
Per
cent
age
change
from
Janu
ary
1935
A m o u n t of pay roll
(1 week)
January
1935
February
1935
Per
cent
age
change
Janu
ary
1935
+0.7 $13,409,455 $13,555,291
8,769,291
8,461,575
+2.1
4,852,054
4,941,866
+1.0
8,966,346
7,727,417
+6.7
2,923,679
2,974,701
+1.1
2,746,790
3,011,454
+2.9
+3.1
2,407,604
2,521,504
1,580,322
1,647,390
+1.4
3,408,224
+.9
3,494,715
+3.1
2,358,210
2,517,378
1,712,004
1,743,815
+. 6
1,440,762
+4.9
1,404,868
+2.3
1,357,486
1,427,634
+1.1
+3.6
+1.9
+16.0
+1.7
+9.6
+4.7
+4.2
+2.5+6.7
+1.9
+2.6
+5.2‘
Public E m p l o y m e n t
A
l t h o u g h
industrial e m p l o y m e n t in F e b r u a r y w a s s u bs t a n t i a l l y
h i g h e r t h a n i n J a n u a r y , p u b l i c e m p l o y m e n t declined.
Including the
w o r k e r s e n g a g e d o n relief projects, t h e n u m b e r of w o r k e r s o n F e d e r a l
p a y rolls d e c l i n e d 0.6 p e r c e nt .
A s p r e v i o u s l y indi c at e d, t h e p r incipal f a ct o r c o n t r i b u t i n g to t h e
d e c li n e in p u b l i c e m p l o y m e n t w a s t h e s h a r p r e d u c t i o n i n t h e n u m b e r
o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d o n c o n s t r u c t i o n p r o je c ts f i n a n c e d b y t h e P u b l i c
W o r k s Administration a n d the Reconstruction F i n a n c e Corporation.
A n o t h e r i m p o r t a n t f a c t o r w a s t h e d e c r e a s e in t h e n u m b e r of w o r k e r s
e n r o ll e d a t civilian c o n s e r v a t i o n c a m p s .
T h e s e losses w e r e p a r t l y
offset b y a n i n c r e a s e in e m p l o y m e n t u n d e r t h e e m e r g e n c y - w o r k p r o
g r a m a n d s m a l l e r increa s es in t h e n u m b e r of w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in
t h e e x e c u t i v e a n d legislative b r a n c h e s of t h e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t .
The
number
of w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d
on
S t a t e - r o a d p r o j e ct s w a s
p e r c e n t less i n F e b r u a r y t h a n in t h e p r e v i o u s m o n t h .
2.5
33
A summary of the Federal employment and pay-roll statistics in
February as compared with January is given in table 11.
T able
11.— Statistical S u m m a r y of Federal E m p l o y m e n t
F e b r u a r y 1935
and
Pay
Rolls,
[Preliminary figures]
Employment
Class
February
1935
Federal service:
Executive........................
680,646
Judicial..........................
1,812
Legislative.... ...................
4,735
Military.........................
260,478
Projects financed b y P. W . A ..........
272,419
Projects financed b y R. F. O ..........
10,373
Projects financed b y regular govern
mental appropriation...............
13,106
Relief work:
Emergency-work program......... 2,500,000
Emergency conservation w o r k _____ 1 373,884
January
1935
674,997
1,830
4,722
261,264
304,338
11,180
12,784
2,472,751
* 398,717
P a y roll
Per
centage February
1935
change
January
1935
Per
centage
change
+0.8 $98,217,486 $97,614,242
-1.0
452,717
462,895
1,077,401
+.3
1,080,686
-.3 20,102,126 20,362,067
-10.5 16,908,981 18,425,762
-7.2
1,054,708
1,048,593
+0.6
-2.3
+.2
-1.3
-8.2
-.6
669,199
+5.2
+1.1 66,000,000 71,687,596
-6.2 1 16,327,380 2 16,761,696
-7.9
-2.6
704,190
-2.5
132.013 employees and pay roll of $3,969,296 included in executive service.
* 30,498 employees and pay roll of $3,599,808 included in executive service.
E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls in t h e Federal Service
C
o m p a r i n g
F e b r u a r y w i t h J a n u a r y , t h e r e w e r e incre a se s i n t h e
e x e c u t i v e a n d legislative services.
S light d e c r e a s e s o c c u r r e d , h o w
ever, in t h e m i l i t a r y a n d judicial services.
I n f o r m a t i o n c o n c e r n i n g e m p l o y m e n t in t h e executive d e p a r t m e n t s
is collected b y t h e C ivil S e r v i c e C o m m i s s i o n f r o m t h e v a r i o u s d e p a r t
m e n t s a n d offices of t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s G o v e r n m e n t .
t a b u l a t e d b y t h e B u r e a u of L a b o r Statistics.
T h e figures a r e
E m p l o y m e n t d a t a for
t h e legislative, judicial, a n d m i l i t a r y services a r e collected b y
the
B u r e a u of L a b o r Statistics.
T a b l e 1 2 s h o w s t h e n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s i n e x e c u t i v e d e p a r t m e n t s
of t h e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t .
D a t a for e m p l o y e e s w o r k i n g in t h e District of C o l u m b i a a r e s h o w n
separately.
A p p r o x i m a t e l y 1 4 p e r c e n t of t h e e m p l o y e e s in t h e e x e c u
tive b r a n c h e s a r e w o r k i n g in t h e city of W a s h i n g t o n .
34
Table 13.— E m p l o y e e s in the Executive Service of the United States, F e b r u a r y
1934, J a n u a r y 1935, a n d F e b r u a r y 1935
District of Columbia
Item
Outside the District
Entire service
P e r m a T e m p o Total P e r m a T e m p o Total P e r m a T e m p o Total
nent
rary
rary 1
nent
rary i
nent
N u m b e r of employees:
71,623
February 1934.........
January 1935.. ........ 87,106
February 1935.......... 87,969
Gain or loss:
February 1934 to F e b
ruary 1935........... +16,346
January 1935 to F e b
+863
ruary 1935...... -....
Percentage change:
February 1934 to F eb
ruary 1935........... +22.82
January 1935 to F e b
ruary 1935...........
+0.99
Labor turn-over, February
1935:
1,846
Additions 2............
1,024
Separations 2.... ......
Turn-over rate per 100......
1.17
8,290
7,283
7,548
79,913 474,767
94,389 503,014
95,517 504,456
57,072 531,839 546,390
77,594 580,608 590,120
80,573 585,029 592,425
65, 362 611, 752
84,877 674,997
88,121 680,546
-742 +15,604 +29,689 +23,501 +53,190 +46,035 +22,759 +68, 794
+265 +1,128 +1,442 +2,979 +4,421 +2,305 +3,244 +5,549
-8.95 +19.53
+6.25 +41.18 +10.00
+3.64
+1.20
+0.29
+3.84
+0.76
+0.39
+3.82
+0.82
1,423
1,115
15.04
3,269
2,139
2.25
5,947
4. 520
0.90
14, 278
11,290
14.28
20,225
15,810
2.71
7,793
5,544
0.94
15, 701
12,405
14.34
23,494
17,949
2.65
+8.43 +34.82 +11.25
1 N o t including field employees of the Post Office Department or 15,806 employees hired under letters
of authorization b y the Department of Agriculture with a pay roll of $540,946.
2 N o t including employees transferred within the Government service, as such transfers should not be
regarded as labor turn-over.
I n c o m p a r i s o n w i t h t h e p r e v i o u s m o n t h , e m p l o y m e n t in e x e cutive
d e p a r t m e n t s i n F e b r u a r y i n c r e a s e d b y m o r e t h a n 5,000.
Comparing
F e b r u a r y w i t h t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g m o n t h of t h e p r e c e d i n g ye a r, t h e r e
w a s a g a i n of o v e r 6 8, 000.
I n t h e District of C o l u m b i a , e m p l o y m e n t
i n F e b r u a r y s h o w e d a n i n c r e a s e of 1 , 1 0 0 o v e r J a n u a r y , a n d a n i n c r e a s e
o f 1 5 , 6 0 0 o v e r F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 4.
T h e t u r n -over rate p e r 1 0 0 e m p l o y e e s
i n t h e e x e c u t i v e service a s a w h o l e for t h e m o n t h of F e b r u a r y w a s 2.65.
T a b l e 1 3 s h o w s e m p l o y m e n t i n t h e e x e c u t i v e d e p a r t m e n t s of t h e
U n i t e d S t a t e s G o v e r n m e n t , b y m o n t h s , f r o m J a n u a r y 1 9 3 4 to F e b
r u a r y 1 9 3 5 , inclusive.
Table 13,— E m p l o y m e n t in the Executive D e p a r t m e n t s of the Uni t ed States, b y
M o n t h s , f r o m J a n u a r y 1934 to F e b r u a r y 1935
Months
1934
January..........
February.........
M a r c h ...........
April.............
M a y .............
J une.............
July..............
August.......... .
District
of C o
lumbia
Outside
District
of C o
lumbia
78,045
79,913
81,569
83,850
85,939
87,196
87,978
91,065
530,094
531,839
541,990
560,258
573,145
573,898
583,531
585,772
Total
608,139
611,752
623,559
644,108
659,086
661,094
671,509
676,837
District
of C o
lumbia
Outside
District
of C o
lumbia
1934— Con.
September........
October..........
N o v e m b e r ........
D ecember ........
92,557
93,322
93,827
94,050
589,280
590,183
581,615
578,223
681,837
683,505
675,442
672,273
1935
January..........
February........
94,389
95,517
580,608
585,029
674,997
680,546
Months
Total
35
T h e n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s in t h e District of C o l u m b i a w a s h i g h e r
o n F e b r u a r y 28, 19 3 5 , t h a n for a n y m o n t h d u r i n g 1 9 3 4 .
T h e total
e m p l o y m e n t o u t s i d e t h e D istrict of C o l u m b i a , h o w e v e r , w a s h i g h e r
d u r i n g A u g u s t , S e p t e m b e r , a n d O c t o b e r 1 9 3 4 t h a n i n F e b r u a r y 1 93 5 .
T a b l e 1 4 s h o w s t h e n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s a n d a m o u n t s of p a y rolls
for all b r a n c h e s of t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s G o v e r n m e n t , b y m o n t h s , f r o m
J a n u a r y 1 9 3 4 to F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 5 , inclusive.
Table 14.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls for the United States G o v e r n m e n t , b y
M o n t h s , 1934 a n d 1935
Executive service
Month
1934
January--February. _
M a r c h ....
April.....
M a y ......
June______
July______
August...
September.
October--November.
D e c e m b e r-
serv
Military service1 Judicial
ice
Num
Num
ber of A m o u n t of ber of
em
em
pay
roll
ploy
ploy
ees
ees
608,139
611,752
623,559
644,108
659,086
661,094
671,509
676.837
681.837
683, 505
675,442
672,273
1935
January___ 674,997
February. _ 680,546
$77,450,498
83,524, 296
84,837,493
85,090,283
89,577,479
91,540,629
95,184,175
98,518,203
98,848,540
101,632,505
100, 787,487
100, 736,351
Amount
of pay
roll
253,097 $18,382,945
253,599 19,365,135
254,634 18,240, 513
255, 211 18,454,878
254,982 18,397,551
255, 227 18,739,952
256,350 19,587,571
256, 625 19,689,866
257,355 19,986,672
258,187 19,102,969
260, 300 20,945,771
259,968 20,125,003
Num
ber of A m o u n t
e m of pay
ploy roll
ees
1,780 $417,000
1,742 430,843
1,854 443,505
1,904 432,401
1,913 442,896
1,881 439,170
1,750 434,736
1,690 439,014
1,777 486,410
1,846 453,217
1,885 451,653
1,861 446,130
Legislative
service2
Num
ber of A m o u n t
e m of pay
ploy
roll
ees
4,777
4,784
4,799
4,797
4,794
4,810
4,645
4,655
4,653
4,632
4,630
4,648
$966,193
1,020,803
1,022,808
1,020,924
1,035,106
1,039,198
1,073,348
1,072,406
1,070,956
1, 070,290
1,070,881
1,057,996
Total2
Em
ploy
ees
P a y roll
867,793
871,877
884,846
906,020
920,775
923,012
934, 254
939,807
945,622
948,170
942,257
938,750
$97, 216,636
104,341,077
104,544,319
104,998,486
109,453,032
111,758,949
116,279,830
119, 719,489
120, 392,578
122,258,981
123,255,792
122,365,480
97,614,242 261,254 20,362,067 1,830 462,895 4,722 1,077,401 942,803 119,516,605
98,217,485 260,478 20,102,126 1,812 452,717 4,735 1,080,686 947,571 119,853,014
1 Revised.
2 Subject to further revision.
E m p l o y m e n t Created b y Public W o r k s A d ministration F u n d 1
C o m p a r e d w i t h J a n u a r y , a d e c r e a s e of 3 2 , 0 0 0 is s h o w n in t h e n u m
b e r of w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d a t t h e site of P u b l i c W o r k s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n
c o n s t r u c t i o n pr o je c ts in F e b r u a r y .
a m o u n t e d to 2 7 2 , 4 1 9 .
T o t a l e m p l o y m e n t for F e b r u a r y
T h e s e w o r k e r s e a r n e d o v e r $ 1 6 , 9 0 0 , 0 0 0 for
w o r k p e r f o r m e d during the m o n t h .
P u r c h a s e o r d e r s w e r e p l a c e d d u r i n g F e b r u a r y for m a t e r i a l v a l u e d at
m o r e t h a n $27,000,000.
A s u m m a r y of e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls, a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d d u r
i n g F e b r u a r y o n c o n s t r u c t i o n pro j ec t s f i n a n c e d b y t h e P u b l i c W o r k s
A d m i n i s t r a t i o n f u n d , b y t y p e of project, is g i v e n in table 15.
1 W henever the m o n t h of February is spoken of in this study it is assumed to m e a n the m o n t h ending:
Feb. 15.
36
Table 15.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls o n Construction Projects F in anced f r o m
Public W o r k s Funds, F e b r u a r y 1935
[Subject to revision]
W a g e earners
T y p e of project
Maxi
mum
number
employ
ed i
W eekly
average
u m b e r of Average
A m o u n t of Nman-hours
earnings
pay rolls
worked
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
Federal projects
All projects....................... 2 177,723
Building construction.............
Forestry.........................
Naval vessels.....................
Public roads *....................
Reclamation.....................
River, harbor, and flood control
Streets and roads.................
Water and sewerage...... ........
Miscellaneous....................
15,147
896
21,451
(4)
16,628
27,851
4,184
753
14,346
166,911 $10,763,748
16,833,149
$0,639
$16,819,520
870,883
80,860
2,525,980
2,330,200
1,599,177
1,957,850
136,560
38,559
1,223,679
1,177,807
95,778
2,979,075
4,985,500
2,355,183
2,838,488
328,212
58,600
2,014,506
.739
.844
.848
.467
.679
.690
.416
.658
.607
1,744,623
61,326
1,871,922
2,600,000
4,674,110
2,918,510
107,982
39,516
2,801,531
12,258
887
20,802
76,467
15,858
22,728
3,721
634
13,556
Non-Federal projects
All projects.......................
83,613
67,966
$5,261,779
6,993,595
$0,752
$9,193,058
Building construction.............
Railroad construction.............
Streets and roads.................
Water and sewerage......... .....
Miscellaneous....... ....... .....
35,484
11,064
5,207
30,277
1,581
28,438
9,966
4,038
24,220
1,304
2,237,781
1,011,298
239,174
1,665,999
107,527
2,517,941
1,621,420
336,750
2,365,197
152,287
.889
.624
.710
.704
.706
5,357,353
189,648
387,992
2,959,100
298,965
1 M a x i m u m n u m b e r employed during any 1 w e e k of the m o n t h b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
* Includes weekly average for public roads.
* Estimated b y the Bureau of Public Roads.
*Not available; average n u m b e r included in total.
F e d e r a l c o n s t r u c t i o n p r o je c ts a r e f i n a n c e d entirely b y a l l o t m e n t s
made
b y t h e P u b l i c W o r k s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n to t h e v a r i o u s d e p a r t
m e n t s a n d a g e n c i e s of t h e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t .
T h e w o r k is p e r
f o r m e d either b y c o m m e r c i a l f i r m s t o w h i c h t h e c o n t r a c t s h a v e b e e n
a w a r d e d o r b y d a y l a b o r h i r e d directly b y t h e F e d e r a l agencies.
Non-Federal
Public
Works
pr o j e c t s a r e f i n a n c e d b y
Administration
to
a
State
allotments m a d e
by
the
o r political s u b d i v i s i o n
thereof, o r i n s o m e cases, t o c o m m e r c i a l firms.
I n t h e c a s e o f allot
m e n t s t o S t a t e s a n d their political subdivisions, t h e P u b l i c W o r k s
A d m i n i s t r a t i o n m a k e s a direct g r a n t of n o t m o r e t h a n 3 0 p e r c e n t of
t h e total c o n s t r u c t i o n cost.
T h e p u b l i c a g e n c y to w h i c h t h e l o a n is
m a d e fi n an c e s t h e o t h e r 7 0 p e rc e n t .
F o r m a n y projects, t h e a d d i
tional f i n a n c i n g is o b t a i n e d a s a l o a n f r o m t h e P u b l i c W o r k s A d m i n i s
tration.
Where
F o r o t h e r p ro j e c t s a l o a n is p r o c u r e d f r o m o u t s i d e sources.
the Public W o r k s Administration m a k e s
a loan, interest is
c h a r g e d a n d a t i m e is specified d u r i n g w h i c h t h e l o a n m u s t b e r e p a i d
in full.
37
N o
gra n t s are m a d e
t o c o m m e r c i a l firms.
For
c o m m e r c i a l a l l o t m e n t s h a v e b e e n m a d e t o railroads.
financed b y
Public W o r k s
the m o s t
part
Railroad w o r k
A d m i n i s t r a t i o n l o a n s falls u n d e r
three
headings:
First, c o n s t r u c t i o n w o r k s u c h a s electrification, l a y i n g of
rails a n d
ties, repairs to buildings, etc.; s e c o n d , t h e b u i l d i n g a n d
r ep a i r i n g of l o c o m o t i v e s a n d p a s s e n g e r a n d freight c ar s i n railroad
s h o p s ; third, t h e b u i l d i n g of l o c o m o t i v e s a n d p a s s e n g e r a n d freight
ca r s in c o m m e r c i a l s h o p s .
D a t a c o n c e r n i n g e m p l o y m e n t c r e a t e d b y railroad c o n s t r u c t i o n is
s h o w n in table 15.
E m p l o y m e n t i n railroad c a r a n d l o c o m o t i v e s h o p s
a n d in c o m m e r c i a l c a r a n d l o c o m o t i v e s h o p s is s h o w n in t a ble 17,
p a g e 39.
C o m p a r i n g F e b r u a r y w i t h J a n u a r y , t h e r e w a s a d e c r e a s e of 2 4 , 0 0 0
in t h e n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s o n F e d e r a l c o n s t r u c t i o n proj e ct s a n d a
d e c r e a s e of 1 4 , 0 0 0 i n t h e n u m b e r of w o r k e r s o n n o n - F e d e r a l projects.
E a r n i n g s p e r h o u r o n F e d e r a l pro j ec t s a v e r a g e d 6 4 cents, w i t h a l o w
of less t h a n 4 2 c e n t s for street a n d r o a d p a v i n g , a n d a h i g h of n e a r l y
8 5 c e n t s for w o r k o n n a v a l vessels.
O n n o n - F e d e r a l p ro j ec t s h o u r l y
e a r n i n g s r a n g e d f r o m 6 2 c e n t s for railroad c o n s t r u c t i o n t o 8 9 c e n t s
for b u i l d i n g c o n s t r uc t io n .
C o m p a r i s o n b y G eo g r a p h i c Divisions
T
a b l e
1 6 s h o w s , b y g e o g r a p h i c divisions, e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls,
a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d during F e b r u a r y 1935 o n Federal a n d nonF e d e r a l c o n s t r u c t i o n pr o je c ts f i n a n c e d f r o m
the public w o r k s fund.
38
Table 16.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls o n Construction Projects F i n an c ed from.
Public W o r k s Funds, Fe b ru a r y 1935
[Subject to revision]
W a g e earners
Geographic division
Maxi
mum
n u m b e r W eekly
average
em
ployed 1
N u m b e r of Average
A m o u n t of man-hours earnings
p ay rolls
per
worked
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
Federal projects
All divisions2___________________
177,723
N e w England...................
Middle Atlantic.................
East North Central..............
W e s t North Central..............
South Atlantic........... -......
East South Central..............
W e s t South Central..............
Mountain.......................
Pacific.... ......................
Outside continental United States..
7,798
13,791
12,401
24,986
32,578
24,898
27,387
15,687
11,556
6,394
166,911 $10,763,748
16,833,149
737,794
1,151,541
663,719
860,694
2,339,981
1,183,557
981,735
1,360,758
1,161,989
296,184
930,370
1,480,201
930,644
1,553,647
3,465,660
2,187,273
2,199,324
2,062,955
1,384,535
607,191
7,440
12,680
11,484
22,924
30,594
23,981
26,269
14,857
10,812
5,623
$0.639 3 $16,819,520
.793
.778
.713
.554
.675
.541
.446
.660
.839
.488
1,779,248
1,484,633
604,089
828,763
2,026,208
2,001,790
573,634
1,743,411
2,849,579
326,015
N o n - F e d e r a l projects
All divisions.....................
83,613
67,966
$5,261,779
6,993,595
$0.752
$9,193,058
N e w England...................
Middle Atlantic.................
East North Central..............
W e s t North Central...... .......
South Atlantic...................
East South Central..............
W e s t South Central..............
Mountain.......................
Pacific..........................
Outside continental United States..
7,730
15,347
12,867
8,077
18,176
4,612
6,654
1,864
7,282
1,004
5,626
12,539
10,401
6,629
15,419
3,726
5,383
1,433
5,953
857
441,549
1,072,587
886,773
473,047
1,275,880
184,790
291,347
108,723
475,769
51,314
539,269
1,242,334
969,159
670,364
2,011,525
305,663
472,744
142,096
554,117
86,324
.819
.863
.915
.706
.634
.605
.616
.765
.859
.594
780,292
1,946,266
1,447,771
1,621,978
1,002,240
310,121
776,365
302,718
904,296
101,011
1 M a x i m u m n u m b e r employed during any 1 week of the m o n t h b y each contractor and Govern m e n t
agency doing force-account work. Includes weekly average for public-road projects.
2Includes data for 247 wage earners which cannot be charged to any specific geographic division.
3 Includes $2,600,000, estimated value of material orders placed for public-road projects which cannot be
charged to any specific geographic division.
C o n s i d e r i n g F e d e r a l projects, t h e S o u t h A t l a n t i c c o n t i n u e d to s h o w
a h i g h e r n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s t h a n a n y o t h e r g e o g r a p h i c division.
T h e h i g h e s t h o u r l y e a r n i n g s a r e s h o w n for t h e Pacific S t a t e s a n d t h e
l o w e s t for t h e W e s t S o u t h C e n t r a l States.
T h e S o u t h A t l a n t i c divi
s io n also h a d t h e largest n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s e n g a g e d o n n o n - F e d e r a l
projects.
T h e h i g h e s t a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s o n n o n - F e d e r a l pro j e c t s w e r e
s h o w n in t h e E a s t N o r t h C e n t r a l S t a t e s a n d t h e l o w e s t i n t h e E a s t
S o u t h C e n t r a l States.
T a b l e 1 7 s h o w s , b y g e o g r a p h i c divisions, e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls,
a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d in c a r a n d l o c o m o t i v e s h o p s o n w o r k f i n a n c e d
f r o m the P u b l i c W o r k s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n f u n d d u r i n g F e b r u a r y 1935.
T h e tab l e i n c l u d e s d a t a for s h o p s o p e r a t e d b y t h e railroads a n d b y
c o m m e r c i a l firms.
39
T able 17.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls in R a i l w a y C a r a n d L o c o m o t i v e S h o p s
o n W o r k Financ e d f r o m Public W o r k s Funds, F e b r u ar y 1935
[Subject to revision]
W a g e earners
Geographic division
Total, railroad and commercial
shops..........................
u m b e r of Average
Ma x i
A m o u n t of Nman-hours
earnings
mum
Semi
pay rolls
per hour
worked
n u m b e r monthly
em
average
ployed i
11,083
(’
)
$883,454
1,329,921
Value of
material
orders
placed
$0,664
$996,906
Railroad s hops
All divisions......................
4,637
4,422
$241,264
339,939
$0.710
$996,906
N e w England....................
Middle Atlantic..................
East North Central...............
W e s t North Central...............
South Atlantic...................
East South Central.._____________
Mountain................ ........
Pacific...........................
484
2,518
293
844
145
484
2,418
241
803
137
52,300
105,434
11,859
44,342
10,303
76,511
139,694
17,828
64,428
16,309
.684
.755
.665
.688
.632
116
237
113
226
4,177
12,849
6,409
18,760
.652
.685
19,582
597,494
37,617
106,903
188,153
303
19,698
27,156
C o m m e r c i a l shops
All divisions......................
6,446
N e w England....................
Middle Atlantic..... ........ ....
East North Central..... ..........
West North Central...............
588
4,696
478
684
(2)
$642,190
989,982
$0.649
(*)
8
8
56,043
472,652
54,759
58,736
91,411
708,426
76,934
113,211
.613
.667
.712
.519
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
i M a x i m u m n u m b e r employed during either semimonthly period b y each shop.
* Data not available.
T h e n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s w o r k i n g o n P u b l i c W o r k s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n
j o b s in railroad s h o p s i n F e b r u a r y c o n t i n u e d to decline.
There was
a n increase, h o w e v e r , in t h e n u m b e r of s u c h e m p l o y e e s w o r k i n g in
c o m m e r c i a l shops.
Monthly Trend
T a b l e 1 8 s h o w s e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls, a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d b y
e m p l o y e e s since t h e i n c e p t i o n of t h e p u b l i c w o r k s p r o g r a m in A u g u s t
1 9 3 3 to F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 5 , inclusive.
40
Table 18.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls, A u g u s t 1933 to F e br u a r y 1935, Inclusive,
o n Projects Fina n ce d f r o m Public W o r k s F u n d s
[Subject to revision]
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of N u m b e r of
wage
man-hours
pay rolls
earners
worked
M o n t h and year
August 1933 to February 1935, inclusive.
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
materia]
orders
placed
$377,307,176
649,196,746
4,699
33,836
121,403
254,784
270,408
280,040
1,961,496
7,325,313
14,458,364
15,424,700
539,454
3,920,009
14,636,603
27,862,280
29,866,249
.519
.500
.500
.519
.516
202,100
1,622,365
122,513,767
24,299,055
24,850,188
August...............................
September............................
October.. ...........................
N o v e m b e r ............................
D ecember............................
273,583
295,741
292,696
371,234
491,166
592,057
624,286
602,581
549,910
507,799
469,874
382,594
14,574,960
15,246,423
15,636,545
17,907,842
25,076,908
32,783,533
33,829,858
35,142,770
31,720,317
29,280,240
28,831,432
22,491,692
27,658,591
28,938,177
29,171,634
31,559,966
44,912,412
58,335,119
59,436,314
59,943,328
51,699,495
46,617,616
46,494,195
35,021,864
.527
.527
.536
.567
.558
.562
.569
.586
.614
.622
.620
.642
23,793,459
24,565,004
69,448,218
2 67,150,664
2 49,720,378
2 57,589,895
2 51,644,174
2 53,282,956
2 50,685,634
2 50,234,495
54,228,457
2 45,683,081
1935
January..............................
February.............................
304,338
272,419
18,425,762
16,908,981
27,426,775
25,156,665
.672 2 28,806,857
.672
27,009,484
1933
August...............................
September............................
October. .............................
N o v e m b e r ...... .....................
December............................
1934
January..............................
February.............. ..............
M a r c h ...............................
April................................
M a y . ................................
$0,581 $727,330,231
1 Includes orders placed for naval vessels prior to October 1933.
2 Includes orders placed b y railroads for n e w equipment.
S i n c e A u g u s t 1 9 3 3 o v e r $ 3 7 7 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 h a s b e e n d i s b u r s e d for p a y
rolls for w o r k e r s a t t h e site of P u b l i c W o r k s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n c o n s t r u c
tion projects.
D u r i n g t h e s a m e p e r i o d o r d e r s w e r e p l a c e d for m a
terials v a l u e d a t o v e r $ 7 2 7 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 .
N e a r l y 650,000,000 m a n - h o u r s
o f w o r k h a v e b e e n p r o v i d e d a t t h e site, a n d e a r n i n g s h a v e a v e r a g e d
o v e r 5 8 cents p e r hour.
V a l u e o f Ma t er i al O r d e r s Placed
T
h e
v a l u e of m a t e r i a l s for w h i c h p u r c h a s e o r d e r s h a v e b e e n p l a c e d
f r o m t h e b e g i n n i n g of t h e P u b l i c W o r k s A d m i n i s t r a t i o n p r o g r a m i n
August
1933
to F e b r u a r y
g i v e n in t able 19.
1 9 3 5 , inclusive, b y
t y p e of m at e r i a l , is
41
T able 19.— Value of Material Orders Placed o n Public W o r k s Projects, b y T y p e
of Material
[Subject to revision]
Value of material orders
placed—
T y p e of material
All material..
Aircraft (new)..........................
Airplane parts....................... ...
A l u m i n u m manufactures.................
A m mu n i t i o n and related products........
Asbestos products, not elsewhere classified..
Awnings, tents, canvas, etc..............
Belting, miscellaneous............. ,....
Boats, steel and wooden (small)..........
Bolts, nuts, washers, etc....... ..........
Brick, hollow tile, and other clay products.
Carpets and rugs........................
Carriages and wagons...................
Cast-iron pipe and fittings...............
C e m e n t ..
Chemicals..........................
Coal................................
Compressed and liquefied gases.......
Concrete products...................
Copper products....................
Cordage and twine..................
Cork products, not elsewhere classified.
Cotton goods..... ..................
Creosote.
Crushed stone......................................................
Doors, shutters, and w i n d o w sash and frames, molding and trim (metal).
Electric wiring and fixtures............................. ............
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies...... ............. ....
Elevators and parts.................................................
Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels...... -..... -........ ...
Explosives.........................................................
Felt goods..........................................................
Firearms.... .............. -............ ...................... ...
Forgings, iron and steel.................................... -........
Foundry and machine shop products, not elsewhere classified______ ____
Furniture, including store and office fixtures----- -------------- -----Glass..
Hardware, miscellaneous..............
Heating and ventilating equipment....
Instruments, professional and scientific..
Jute goods...........................
Lead products.......................
Lime..
Linoleum.................................................
Locomotives, other than steam.............................
Locomotives, steam............... ........................
L u m b e r and timber products, not elsewhere classified........
Machine tools........................ .....................
Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products..............
Mattresses and bed springs.................................
Meters (gas, water, etc.) and gas generators..................
Minerals and earths, ground or otherwise treated....... .....
Models and patterns.......................................
Motorcycles and parts.....................................
Motor vehicles, passenger..................................
Motor vehicles, trucks.....................................
Nails mud spikes
Nonferrous-metal alloys and products, not elsewhere classified..
Paints and varnishes......................................
Paper products..................................-....... —
Paving materials and mixtures, not elsewhere classified.......
Petroleum products.......................................
Photographic apparatus and materials......................
Planing mill products......................................
Plumbing supplies, not elsewhere classified...... — ........
P u m p s and pu m p i n g equipment...........................
Radio apparatus and supplies.................... .........
Rail fastenings, excluding spikes............................
Rails, steel............. ... ..............................
Railway cars, freight....................................
Bailway cars, mail and express.............................
F r o m begin
During
ning of pro m o n t h end
gram to Jan. ing Feb. 15,
15,1935
1935
$700,320,747
$27,009,484
4,375,117
4,562,086
173,809
759,502
58.481
170,538
28,597
I,278,556
2,146,393
8,138,332
44,018
28,893
12,409,017
95,837,302
215.543
1,092,634
223,635
12,591,523
475,355
212,703
65,701
72,493
469,990
25,994,250
2,994,813
2,470,760
33,529,029
313,471
6,196,523
2,796,659
166,233
772,738
3,430,284
74,145,459
1,566,135
526,327
3,135,834
4,926,641
1,497,405
51.481
137,547
166,253
36,539
II,813,333
6,837,064
33,362,468
4,171,995
11,175,358
15,771
239,579
98,564
11,321
274,395
1,372,116
8,444,598
672,581
1,032,709
1,504,683
40,615
11,193,223
20,445.925
156,312
3,712,826
6,433,468
7,892,570
4,940,639
17,974,156
35,392,551
429,443
18,093
6,098
1,376
5,180
42
2,542
76,777
655,005
859,813
1,570,353
16,945
106,665
6,716
796,179
23,620
6,417
10,356
7,152
38,497
503,145
207,578
511,743
2,633,315
77,871
867,880
128,352
2,093
‘
"‘
"159,"744
2,305,070
62,396
55,388
282,057
819,333
14,061
2,192
8,852
1,211
9,114
1,232,950
288,229
495,644
34
26,511
4,037
728
39,168
28,616
30,332
50,558
99,090
3,118
187,410
666,048
1,795
276,553
417,663
304,076
55,613
24,293
11,467
42
Table 19*— Value of Material Orders Placed o n Public W o r k s Projects, b y T y p e
of Material— Co n ti n ue d
Value of material orders
placed—
T y p e of material
F r o m begin
During
ning of pro m o n t h end
gram to Jan. ing Feb. 15,
15,1935
1935
Railway cars, passenger...............................................
Refrigerators and refrigerating and ice-making apparatus................
Roofing materials, not elsewhere classified..... ........................
Rubb e r goods........................................................
Sacks and bags....................................... ...............
Sand and gravel.......... ..... j .... ................................
Sheet-metal w o r k .................. ..................................
Springs, steel.........................................................
Steam and other packing, pipe and boiler covering, and gaskets..........
Steel-works and rolling-mill products, other than steel rails, including struc
tural and ornamental metal w o r k ........................... .........
Stoves and ranges, other than electric..................................
Switches, railway....................................................
Theatrical scenery and stage equipment................................
Tiling, floor and wall, and terrazzo.....................................
Tools, other than machine tools........................................
Upholstering materials, not elsewhere classified.........................
Wall plaster, wall board, insulating board, and floor composition.........
Was t e ............................................................. .
W i n d o w and door screens and weatherstrip.............................
W i n d o w shades and fixtures...........................................
Wire products, not elsewhere classified............ .....................
W rought pipe........................................................
Zinc products........................................................
Other...............................................................
$7,527,435
576,490
2,010,554
282,943
20,486
44,568,374
2,081,799
574,965
580,570
98,180,508
198,538
774,631
36,319
1,325,812
3,650,596
104,526
1,581,715
23,959
75,086
71,628
3,823,455
558,416
21,158
32,078,341
$12,945
138, 576
50,378
989,003
89,567
4,190
35,529
5,452,533
317
4,855
133,527
131,985
808
158,116
347
1,968
1,915
165,027
119,724
4,992
1,037,912
A p p r o x i m a t e l y 9 0 , 0 0 0 m a n - m o n t h s of l a b o r will b e c r e a t e d in t h e
m a n u f a c t u r e of m a t e r i a l for w h i c h p u r c h a s e o r d e r s w e r e p l a c e d d u r i n g
F e b r u a r y 1 9 35.
T h i s a c c o u n t s o n l y for l a b o r r e q u i r e d in t h e fa b rica
tion of m a t e r i a l in t h e f o r m in w h i c h it is to b e us e d .
I n the m a n u
f a c t u r e of brick, for e x a m p l e , o n l y t h e l a b o r e m p l o y e d in t h e m a n u f a c
t u r i n g p r o c e s s is i n c l u d e d .
N o a l l o w a n c e is m a d e for t h e l a b o r r e q u i r e d
i n t a k i n g t h e c l a y f r o m t h e pits o r in h a u l i n g t h e c l a y a n d o t h e r m a t e
rials u s e d in t h e b r i c k plant.
I n f abricating steel rails o n l y l a b o r in
t h e rolling mills is c o u n t e d — n o t l a b o r c r e a t e d in m i n i n g , s m e l t i n g ,
a n d t r a n s p o r t i n g t h e ore, n o r l a b o r in t h e blast furnaces, t h e o p e n h e a r t h furnaces, n o r t h e b l o o m i n g mills.
I n o r d e r to o b t a i n d a t a c o n c e r n i n g t h e m a n - m o n t h s of l a b o r c r e a t e d
in fabricating material, b l a n k s
a re s e n t to e a c h f i r m r e c e i v i n g a
material o r der f r o m the U n i t e d States G o v e r n m e n t or f r o m State
g o v e r n m e n t s o r political su b d i v i s i o n s thereof, to b e f i n a n c e d f r o m t h e
p u b l i c w o r k s f u n d , a s k i n g t h e m to e s t i m a t e t h e n u m b e r of m a n - h o u r s
o f l a b o r c r e a t e d in their p l a n t in m a n u f a c t u r i n g t h e m a t e r i a l specified
i n t h e contract.
F o r m a t e r i a l s p u r c h a s e d directly b y c o n t r a c t o r s o n
t h e job, t h e B u r e a u
estimates the m a n - m o n t h s
of l a b o r created.
T h i s e s t i m a t e is m a d e b y u s i n g t h e e x p e r i e n c e of t h e m a n u f a c t u r i n g
p l a n t s a s s h o w n b y t h e C e n s u s of M a n u f a c t u r e r s , 1933.
O v e r t h e 1 9 - m o n t h p e r i o d o r d e r s h a v e b e e n p l a c e d for m a t e r i a l s
v a l u e d at m o r e
t h a n $727,000,000.
It is e s t i m a t e d t h a t in fabri-
43
e a t i n g this m a t e r i a l a p p r o x i m a t e l y 2 , 3 9 0 , 0 0 0 m a n - m o n t h s of l a b o r
h a s b e e n o r will b e created.
Emergency-Work Program
W
o r k
was
provided
for
100,000
additional
employees
on
the
e m e r g e n c y - w o r k p r o g r a m d u r i n g t h e w e e k e n d i n g F e b r u a r y 28, a n
i n c r e a s e of m o r e t h a n 6 p e r c e n t w h e n c o m p a r e d w i t h t h e w e e k e n d i n g
J a n u a r y 31.
P a y rolls i n c r e a s e d o n l y 2 p e r c e n t c o m p a r i n g t h e s a m e periods.
T a b l e 2 0 s h o w s t h e n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s a n d a m o u n t s of p a y rolls
for w o r k e r s o n t h e e m e r g e n c y - w o r k p r o g r a m for t h e w e e k s e n d i n g
J a n u a r y 3 1 a n d F e b r u a r y 28.
Table 20.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls for W o r k e r s o n E m e r g e n c y - W o r k
Prog ra m , W e e k E n d i n g Jan. 31 a n d Feb. 28, 1935
[Subject to revision]
N u m b e r of employees
week ending—
A m o u n t of pay roll
week ending—
Geographic division
Feb. 28
Jan. 31
Feb. 28
Jan. 31
All divisions.... ................ ..... .....
Percentage change_____ _____________________
1,752,573
+6.24
1,649,605
$15,433,479
+2.09
$15,117,850
N e w England................... .... ......
Middle Atlantic_______ ____ ________________
East North Central.................... ....
Wes t North Central________________ ________
South Atlantic.......... ..... .............
East South Central.... ........ ...... ......
Wes t South Central_________________________
Mountain__________________________________
Pacific................ .....................
148,598
252,852
238,761
312,176
221,227
122,528
219,576
65,080
171, 775
127,385
268,194
236,841
290,102
203,554
90,759
218,932
48,784
165,054
1,736,941
3,730,885
2,319,656
2,230, 712
1,069,351
570,564
1,141, 759
628, 729
2,004,882
1,362,847
4,226,849
2,264,226
2,005,978
1,075,079
464,620
1,371,686
510,300
1,836,265
I n c r e a s e s w e r e r e p o r t e d in F e b r u a r y in 8 of t h e 9 g e o g r a p h i c divi
sions.
work
I n the M i d d l e Atlantic States o n l y w e r e there f e w e r p e o p l e o n
relief t h a n
during
the preceding m o n t h .
The
West
North
C e n t r a l States, w h i c h i n c l u d e m o s t of t h e d r o u g h t areas, h a d
the
largest n u m b e r of p e o p l e a t w o r k o n this p r o g r a m .
T a b l e 2 1 s h o w s t h e n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s a n d a m o u n t of p a y rolls
for t h o s e g i v e n e m p l o y m e n t b y t h e e m e r g e n c y - w o r k p r o g r a m of t h e
Federal
Emergency
Relief A d m i n i s t r a t i o n ,
by
months,
from
the
i n c e p t i o n of t h e p r o g r a m in M a r c h 1 9 3 4 to F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 5 , inclusive.
Table 21.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls for W o r k e r s o n E m e r g e n c y - W o r k
P ro g r a m , M a r c h 1934 to F e b r u a r y 1935
Month
1934
M a r c h _________________
April...................
M a y ...................
June...................
July...................
August_________________
September..............
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of
employees
pay roll
22,934
1,176,818
1,343,214
1,477,753
1,723,295
1,922,029
1,950,728
1Revised.
$842,000
38,953,678
42,214,039
42,221,757
47,244,553
54,870,823
50,178,571
Month
October
November
December
1934
__
_________
____ _______
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of
employees
pay roll
1,998,167
2,147,091
2,299,333
$52,861,038
62,845,540
61,922,514
1935
January________________ 1 2,472,751 1 71,687,596
February............... 2 2,500,000 2 66,000,000
2Preliminary.
44
It w a s
estimated
that
during
February
2,500,000 people
were
g i v e n e m p l o y m e n t o n t h e w o r k p r o g r a m of t h e F e d e r a l E m e r g e n c y
R eli e f A d m i n i s t r a t i o n .
given t i m e as m a n y
T h i s d o e s n o t m e a n , h o w e v e r , that at a n y
as 2,500,000 p e o p l e w e r e e m p l o y e d .
Because
o f t h e fact t h a t a limit is p l a c e d o n t h e e a r n i n g s o f e m p l o y e e s , n o t
m o r e t h a n 7 0 p e r c e n t of this n u m b e r a r e w o r k i n g d u r i n g a n y g i v e n
week.
E m e r g e n c y Conservation W o r k
T
h e r e
w a s a d e c r e a s e of 2 5 , 0 0 0 i n t h e e n ro l le d p e r s o n n e l i n C i v i
lian C o n s e r v a t i o n C a m p s c o m p a r i n g F e b r u a r y w i t h J a n u a r y .
e m p l o y m e n t for t h e m o n t h
Total
a m o u n t e d to o v e r $ 3 7 3 , 0 0 0 ; p a y rolls
to t a l e d o v e r $ 1 6 , 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 .
In
addition
to
their p a y ,
the
e n ro l le d p e r s o n n e l
received
free
b o a r d , clothing, a n d m e d i c a l attention.
T a b l e 2 2 s h o w s e m p l o y m e n t a n d p a y rolls for e m e r g e n c y c o n s e r v a
tion w o r k for t h e m o n t h s of J a n u a r y a n d F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 5 , b y t y p e
of w o r k .
Table
— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls in the E m e r g e n c y Conservation W o r k ,
Fe b r u a r y a n d J a n u ar y 1935
N u m b e r of employees
A m o u n t of pay rolls
Group
February
January
February
January
All groups__________________________________
373,884
1 398,717
$16,327,380
i $16,761,696
Enrolled personnel..........................
Reserve officers.............................
Educational advisers........................
Supervisory and technical *..................
332,710
6,618
1,287
*33,269
1358,840
6,312
1,286
«32,279
10,390,572
1,650,359
205,765
*4,080,684
1 11,206,572
1,574,437
205,607
<3,775,080
i Revised.
* Includes carpenters, electricians, and laborers.
* 32,013 employees and pay roll of $3,969,296 included in executive service table.
4 30,498 employees and pay roll of $3,599,808 included in executive service table.
A l t h o u g h there w a s
a d e crease in t h e n u m b e r
of e n r o ll e d m e n ,
slight inc r ea s es a r e s h o w n i n t h e n u m b e r of r e s e r v e officers, e d u c a
tional advisers, a n d s u p e r v i s o r y a n d t e ch n ic a l e m p l o y e e s in F e b r u a r y .
I n f o r m a t i o n c o n c e r n i n g e m p l o y m e n t a n d p a y rolls for e m e r g e n c y
c o n s e r v a t i o n w o r k is collected b y t h e B u r e a u of L a b o r Statistics f r o m
t h e W a r D e p a r t m e n t , D e p a r t m e n t of A g r i c u l t u r e , T r e a s u r y D e p a r t
m e n t , a n d t h e D e p a r t m e n t of t h e Interior.
T h e p a y of t h e e n ro l l e d
p e r s o n n e l is f i gu r e d a s follows: 5 p e r c e n t a r e p a i d $ 4 5 p e r m o n t h ,
8 percent $36 per m o n t h ,
and
the r e m a i n i n g 8 7 percent $ 3 0 per
month.
T a b l e 2 3 s h o w s e m p l o y m e n t a n d p a y rolls for e m e r g e n c y c o n s e r v a
t ion w o r k , b y m o n t h s , J a n u a r y 1 9 3 4 to F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 5 , inclusive.
45
T a bl e 23.— M o n t h l y Totals of E m p l o y e e s a n d P a y Rolls in the E m e r g e n c y
Conservation W o r k , J a n u ar y 1934 to F e b r u a r y 1935
Month
N u m b e r of
employees
1934
January..............
February.... ........ .
M a r c h ...............
April.................
M a y .................
June.................
July........ .........
...............
A m o u n t of
pay roll
331,594
$13,581,506
321,829
13,081,393
247,591
10,792,319
314,664
13,214,018
14,047,512
335,871
12, 641,401
280,271
16,032,734
389,104
August16,363,826
385,340
N u m b e r of
employees
Month
A m o u n t of
pay roll
1934
September............
October..............
November............
Decem b e r............
335,785
391,894
387,329
350,028
$15,022,969
16,939,595
16,622,110
15,414,634
1935
January... ........ ..
February.............
i 398,717
373,884
1 16,761,696
16,327,380
* Revised.
S t a t e - R o a d Projects
M
o r e
t h a n 1 4 0 , 0 0 0 m e n w e r e e m p l o y e d in b u i l d i n g a n d m a i n t a i n i n g
S t a t e r o a d s d u r i n g t h e m o n t h of F e b r u a r y .
T he s e m e n were paid
n e a r l y $ 4 , 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 for their m o n t h ’
s work.
The number
of e m p l o y e e s e n g a g e d i n b u i l d i n g a n d m a i n t a i n i n g
S t a t e r o a d s i n J a n u a r y a n d F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 5 b y g e o g r a p h i c divisions is
g i v e n in ta bl e 24.
Table 34.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d M a i n t e n a n c e of State R o a d s
Divisions, Fe b ru a r y a n d J a n u a r y 1935 1
New
Geographic division
N u m b e r of
employees
All divisions...... ..... 17,940
Percentage change______ -23.78
N e w England..........
Middle Atlantic........
East North Central.....
West North Central....
South Atlantic.........
East South Central.....
West South Central----Mountain..............
Pacific.................
Outside
continental
United States_________
911
795
1,520
1,452
6,122
1.385
1,768
1.386
2,601
23,537
$559,581
-26.45
1,616
1,415
2,739
2,145
7,635
1,601
1,585
1,581
3,220
$40,100
55,522
66,114
40,412
77,719
29,686
60,256
73,491
116,281
Geographic
Maintenance
A m o u n t of pay roll
Febru Janu February
ary
ary
by
January
N u m b e r of
employees
Febru
ary
$760,774 122,209
+1.60
51,432
83,362
125,282
57,920
113,075
50,155
58,741
88,867
131,940
A m o u n t of pay roll
Janu
ary
February
January
120,283 $4,015,590 $4,104,125
-2.16
8,086
25,910
18,004
12,660
24,887
11,428
9,161
4,618
7,366
7,504
26,915
17,490
13,454
22,363
10,768
9,147
6,191
6,381
$337,694
710,100
670,259
496,568
574,236
196,211
374,465
265,047
385,317
307,360
771,613
718,995
418,606
581,050
201,412
400,617
310,210
390,129
89
70
5,693
4,133
* Excluding employment furnished b y projects financed from Public Works fund.
E m p l o y e e s w o r k i n g o n n e w S t a t e - r o a d w o r k a m o u n t e d to 12.8 p e r
c e n t of t h e total e m p l o y e d .
T h e m a i n t e n a n c e of existing r o a d s p r o
v i d e d w o r k for 8 7 . 2 p e r c e n t .
T a b l e 2 5 s h o w s t h e n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s e n g a g e d in t h e c o n s t r u c
tio n a n d m a i n t e n a n c e of S t a t e r o a d s d u r i n g t h e m o n t h s J a n u a r y 1 9 3 4
t o F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 5 , inclusive.
46
Table 25.— E m p l o y m e n t o n Construction a n d M a i n t e n a n c e of State Roads,
J a n u a r y 1934 to F e b r u ar y 1935 1
N u m b e r of employees working on—
Total^pay
Month
N e w roads
1934
January.......... .....................
February..............................
M a r c h ............................ .....
April...................... ............
Maintenance
Total
July..........-....................... .
August— ........... ................. .
September............................. .
October................-..............
N o v e m b e r . ....................... .....
December.............................
25,345
22,311
19,985
21,510
27,161
37,642
45,478
53,540
61,865
71,008
66,106
41,919
136,440
126,904
132,144
136,038
167,274
170,879
168,428
180,270
188,323
169,235
159,451
134,680
161,785
149,215
152,129
157,548
194,435
208,521
213,906
233,810
250,188
240,243
225,557
176,599
$8,684,109
7,131,604
7,989,765
8,407,644
10,275,139
11,221,299
11, 255,685
12,435,163
13,012, 305
12, 439, 738
11,919,683
6, 756,087
1935
January..................... -........ February......................... .....
23,537
17,940
120,283
122,209
143,820
140,149
4,864,899
4,575,171
i Excluding employment furnished b y projects financed from public works funds.
C o n s t r u c t i o n Projects F i n a n c e d b y t h e R e c o n s t r u c t i o n F i n a n c e
Corporation
T
h e r e
w e r e 1 0 , 3 7 3 e m p l o y e e s w o r k i n g at t h e site of R e c o n s t r u c
t i o n F i n a n c e C o r p o r a t i o n c o n s t r u c t i o n p ro jects d u r i n g t h e m o n t h of
February.
T h i s is a d e c r e a s e of 8 0 0 w h e n c o m p a r e d w i t h t h e p r e c e d
ing m o n t h .
P a y rolls for t h e m o n t h a m o u n t e d to o v e r $1 , 00 0 , 0 0 0 .
T a b l e 2 6 s h o w s e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls, a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d o n
c o n s t r u c t i o n p r oj e ct s f i n a n c e d b y t h e R e c o n s t r u c t i o n F i n a n c e C o r
p o r a t i o n d u r i n g F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 5 , b y t y p e of project.
Table 26.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls for Projects Finan ce d b y the R e c o n
struction Finance Corporation, F e b r u a r y 1935
[Subject to revision]
T y p e of project
Number
of wage
earners
u m b e r of
A m o u n t of Nman-hours
pay rolls
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
All projects_______ !____________ ________
10,373
$1,048,593
1,457,662
$0.719
$5,028,547
Bridges_____________________ ________ __
Building construction___________________
Railroad construction___________________
Reclamation____________________________
W ater and sewerage____________ ________
Miscellaneous__________________________
4,153
147
186
986
4,129
772
373,132
8,943
6,666
50,944
521,027
87,881
452,784
11,289
12,207
116,291
737,196
127,895
.824
.792
.546
.438
.707
.687
4,128,374
10,990
9,096
30,712
527,259
322,116
A v e r a g e h ourly earnings o n Reconstruction F i n a n c e C o r p o r a t i o n
c o n s t r u c t i o n p r oj e ct s r a n g e d f r o m 4 3 c e n t s for r e c l a m a t i o n w o r k to
8 2 c e n t s for w o r k o n bridges.
T h e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s for all t y p e s of
pr oj e ct s a v e r a g e d 7 1 c e n t s p e r h o u r .
T a b l e 2 7 s h o w s e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls, a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d o n
c o n s t r u c t i o n p r o je c ts f i n a n c e d b y t h e R e c o n s t r u c t i o n F i n a n c e C o r
p o r a t i o n d u r i n g F e b r u a r y , b y g e o g r a p h i c divisions.
47
T ab l e 27.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls for Projects Financed b y the R e c o n
struction Finance Corporation, F e b r u a r y 1935
[Subject to revision]
u m b e r of
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of Nman-hours
employees payrolls
worked
Geographic divisions
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
A D divisions...........................
10,373
$1,048,593
1,457,662
$0,719
$5,028,547
Middle Atlantic........................
East North Central.....................
East South Central.....................
West South Central....................
M o u n t a in ..............................
Pacific_________________________________
345
302
186
513
986
8,041
27,674
41,030
6,666
35,577
50,944
886,702
28,707
35,738
12,207
46,601
116,293
1,218,118
.964
1.148
.546
.763
.438
.728
969,822
14,134
9,096
30,712
4,004,783
M o r e t h a n 7 0 p e r c e n t of all w o r k e r s o n t h e s e p r o jects w e r e w o r k i n g
in t h e Pacific States.
C o m p a r e d w i t h J a n u a r y , there w e r e decreases
i n e m p l o y m e n t i n all g e o g r a p h i c divisions e x c e p t t h e Pacific.
In
creased e m p l o y m e n t o n the S a n Fr a n c i s c o - O a k l a n d B r i d g e a c c o u n t e d
for t h e c h a n g e in t h e Pacific division.
H o u r l y e a m i f t g s .were l o w e s t i n t h e M o u n t a i n S t a t e s a n d h i g h e s t in
t h e E a s t N o r t h C e n t r a l States.
T a b l e 2 8 s h o w s d a t a c o n c e r n i n g e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls, a n d m a n h o u r s w o r k e d d u r i n g t h e m o n t h s A p r i l 1 9 3 4 t o F e b r u a r y 1 935, inclu
sive, o n c o n s t r u c t i o n p r o jects f i n a n c e d b y t h e R e c o n s t r u c t i o n F i n a n c e
Corporation.
Table 28.— E m p l o y m e n t a n d P a y Rolls for Projects Financed b y the R e c o n
struction Finance Corporation, April 1934 to Febr u a r y 1935
[Subject to revision]
Month
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of N u m b e r of
wage
pay rolls man-hours
earners
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
1934
April..................................
M a y ...................................
June...................................
July...................................
August................................
September.............................
October................................
N o v e m b e r .............................
December..............................
18,731
19,429
19,022
17,475
17,221
16,809
17,482
16,502
14,321
$1,516,915
1,649,920
1,676,075
1,612,848
1,697,161
1,637,047
1,596,996
1,621,468
1,337,719
2,308,580
2,358,966
2,314,136
2,141,945
2,282,181
2,203,881
2,181,846
2,233,928
1,859,226
$0,657
.699
.724
.753
.744
.743
.732
.726
.720
$2,357,408
2,143,864
2,230,065
2,402,174
2,384,887
2,579,969
2,274,174
2,856,371
2,440,620
1935
January................................
February..............................
11,180
10,373
1,054,708
1,048,593
1,484,190
1,457,662
.711
.719
3,966,718
5,028,547
E m p l o y m e n t o n t h e s e p r oj e ct s d e c r e a s e d f r o m a p e a k of m o r e t h a n
19,000 in M a y
1 9 3 4 to slightly o v e r 1 0 , 0 0 0 in F e b r u a r y 19 35.
ings p e r h o u r a v e r a g e d m o r e
t h a n 7 0 c e n t s for e a c h m o n t h
Earn
since
J u n e 19 34.
T a b l e 2 9 s h o w s t h e v a l u e of m a t e r i a l s for w h i c h o r d e r s h a v e b e e n
p l a c e d since M a r c h 15, 1 9 3 4 , b y c o n t r a c t o r s w o r k i n g o n R e c o n s t r u c
tion F i n a n c e C o r p o r a t i o n projects, b y t y p e of m aterial.
48
Table 29.— Value of Material Orders Placed for Projects Fin an c ed b y the
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, b y T y p e of Material
Value of materials—
T y p e of material
F r o m Mar. During period
1934 to Jan.
Jan. 15, to
15,1935
Feb. 15,1935
All material.
$25,636,250
Asphalt and _
Bolts, nuts, rivets, etc____
Cast-iron pipe and fittings................................
C e m e n t .................. ..............................
Clay products-..........................................
Compressed and liquefied gases...........................
Concrete products.......................................
Copper products.........................................
Cordage and twine............................... ........
Cotton goods............................................
Crushed stone......................................... .
Electrical machinery and supplies.........................
Explosives..............................................
Felt goods, etc...........................................
Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified.
Fuel oil.................................................
Gasoline................................................
Glass...................................................
Hardware, miscellaneous............. — .................
Insulation materials......................................
L i m e ...................................................
Lubricating oils and greases...............................
L u m b e r and timber products.............................
Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products............
Motor vehicles and supplies...... .......................
Paints and varnishes....... .............................
Plumbing supplies.......................................
P u m p s and p u m p i n g equipment..........................
Rails, railway...........................................
Roofing.................................................
Rubb e r goods...........................................
Sand and gravel.................... -....................
Sheet-metal works.......................................
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus....................
Steel-works and rolling-mill products............ ..........
Tools...................................................
Wire and wirework, not elsewhere classified..........~ ....
Other...................................................
Orders
have
been
placed
for
materials
$5,028,647
31,453
6,858
371,893
1,397,387
319.777
51,242
35,921
1,374,057
1,368,552
4,671
41,052
37,477
853,005
859,949
2,267
11,709'
37,668
4,662
5,20592,710
218,314
1,089
7,828
78,487
4 447
2,129* 707
49,241
320,851
3,157
399,805
67,437
8,850
31,434
1,181,134
102,402
127.778
30,060
231,486
12,844
24,856
4,516
32,158
417,533
28,245
64,023
12,143,527
78,252
267,722
1,121,491
valued
at
122,874
"’
2i,‘
59a
“26,‘
048
1,747
48,044
3,943
3,875
”
"2,-792
21,040
1,577
1,76a
4,161,862
61,549
more
than
$ 3 0 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 d u r i n g t h e p e r i o d for w h i c h d a t a h a v e b e e n collected.
M o r e t h a n half o f this a m o u n t h a s b e e n s p e n t for s t e e l - w o r k s a n d
rolling-mill
products.
The
next
largest
amount
was
spent
for
f o u n d r y a n d m a c h i n e - s h o p products.
Construction Projects Financed From Regular Appropriations
D
u r i n g
February
13,106 people w e r e e m p l o y e d o n construction
p ro j ec t s f i n a n c e d f r o m g o v e r n m e n t a l
appropriations m a d e
C o n g r e s s to t h e v a r i o u s e x e c u t i v e d e p a r t m e n t s .
by
the
T h i s is a n i n c r e a s e
o f slightly m o r e t h a n 3 p e r c e n t a s c o m p a r e d w i t h t h e p r e v i o u s m o n t h .
T h e figures i n c l u d e e m p l o y e e s w o r k i n g o n c o n t r a c t s a w a r d e d sin c e
J u l y 1, 1934 .
C o m p a r i n g F e b r u a r y w i t h the preceding m o n t h ,
t h e r e w e r e i n
c r e as e s i n e m p l o y m e n t i n b u i l d i n g co n s t r u c t i o n , river, h a r b o r , a n d
flood-control w o r k , n a v a l vessels, a n d m i s c e l l a n e o u s projects.
De
49
c r ea s es w e r e s h o w n
o n r o a d building a n d
o n water a n d sewerage
systems.
W h e n e v e r a c o n s t r u c t i o n c o n t r a c t is a w a r d e d b y a d e p a r t m e n t o r
u n i t o f t h e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t , t h e B u r e a u of L a b o r Statistics is
i m m e d i a t e l y notified, o n f o r m s s u p p l i e d b y
the B u r e a u , the n a m e
a n d a d d r e s s of t h e cont r ac t or , t h e a m o u n t of t h e contract, a n d t h e
t y p e of w o r k to b e p e r f o r m e d .
B l a n k s a r e t h e n m a i l e d to t h e c o n
tractor, w h o r e t u r n s his r e p o r t to t h e B u r e a u s h o w i n g t h e n u m b e r o f
men
o n his p a y rolls, t h e a m o u n t of t h e p a y rolls, t h e n u m b e r of
m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d , a n d t h e v a l u e of o r d e r s p l a c e d for e a c h of t h e
different t y p e s of m a t e r i a l s h e h a s p u r c h a s e d .
T h e f o l l o w i n g tables s h o w i n f o r m a t i o n c o n c e r n i n g s u c h w o r k o n
c o n s t r u c t i o n pr o je c ts o n w h i c h w o r k st a r t e d since J u l y 1, 193 4.
The
B u r e a u h a s n o d a t a for proj e ct s t h a t w e r e u n d e r w a y p r e v i o u s to t h a t
date.
T a b l e 3 0 s h o w s , for t h e m o n t h of F e b r u a r y 1 9 35 , e m p l o y m e n t , p a y
rolls, a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d o n c o n s t r u c t i o n p r o j e ct s st a r t e d since
J u l y 1, 1 9 34 , w h i c h a r e f i n a n c e d f r o m direct a p p r o p r i a t i o n s to t h e
v a r i o u s F e d e r a l d e p a r t m e n t s a n d agencies, b y t y p e of project.
T able 30.— E m p l o y m e n t o n Construction Projects Fi n anced f r o m
G o v e r n m e n t a l Appropriations, F e b r u a r y 1935
Regular
[Subject to revision]
W a g e earners
T y p e of project
Maximum
Number»
employed
Weekly
average
All projects.. .......................
213,106
11,163
Building construction.................
Public roads 3........................
River, harbor, and flood control.......
Streets and roads.....................
Naval vessels........................
Water and sewerage..................
Miscellaneous........................
3,379
(«)
4,518
1,501
1,662
189
628
2,666
1,229
3,830
1,309
1,523
142
464
Amount
of pay
rolls
Number
of manhours
worked
Average Value of
earnings material
orders
per hour placed
$704,190 1,102,864
185,709
55,028
230,717
46,512
159,093
10.168
16,963
234,005
90,078
435,911
120,267
181,754
15.492
25,357
$0.639 $1,962,087
.794
.611
.529
.387
.875
.656
.669
333,352
65, 251
290,173
29, 551
1,201,705
9,635
32,420
i M a x i m u m n u m b e r employed during any 1 week of the mo n t h b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
* Includes weekly average for public roads.
a Estimated by the Bureau of Public Roads.
*N o t available; average n u m b e r included in total.
E a r n i n g s p e r h o u r d u r i n g F e b r u a r y a v e r a g e d 6 3 cents.
T o t a l dis
b u r s e m e n t s for p a y rolls d u r i n g t h e m o n t h to ta l ed o v e r $ 7 0 0 , 0 0 0 .
T a b l e 3 1 s h o w s for t h e m o n t h of F e b r u a r y , e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls,
a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d o n c o n s t r u c t i o n p r o je c ts s t a r t e d since J u l y 1,
1934, w h i c h are financed f r o m regular g o v e r n m e n t a l appropriations, b y
g e o g r a p h i c divisions.
50
T ab l e
31.— E m p l o y m e n t o n Construction Projects F i nanced f r o m Regular
G o v e r n m e n t a l Appropriations, F e b r u a r y 1935
[Subject to revision]
W a g e earners
Geographic divison
Maximum
number e m
ployed 1
Weekly
average
u m b e r of Average
A m o u n t of Nman-hours
^earnings,
pay rolls - worked
per hour
Value of
material
oM^rs
placed
All divisions... ............
13,106
11,163
$704,190
1,102,864
N e w England...............
Middle Atlantic.... ........
East North Central.........
West North Central.........
South Atlantic..............
East South Central..........
W e s t South Central.........
M o u n t a i n..................
Pacific......................
Outside continental United
States....................
1,123
1,117
806
1,583
2,417
870
3,181
928
881
987
966
676
1,408
1,946
766
2,588
883
787
78,528
81,062
49,254
75,954
140,203
51,547
123,776
42,730
51,431
95,746
107,538
65,692
143,964
187,113
93,067
243,525
75,842
74,242
.820
.754
.750
.528
.749
.554
.508
.563
.693
452,016
781,896
84,128
61,499
266,444
52,770
121,006
10,427
59,958
200
156
9,705
16,135
.601
6,692
$0,639 *$1,962,087
i M a x i m u m nu m b e r employed during any 1 week of the m o n t h b y each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3 Includes $65,251 estimated value of orders placed for public-roads projects which cannot be charged to
an y specific geographic division.
A v e r a g e e a r n i n g s p e r h o u r r a n g e d f r o m a l o w of 5 0 c e n t s in t h e W e s t
S o u t h C e n t r a l S t a t e s t o a h i g h of 8 2 c e n t s in t h e N e w E n g l a n d States.
T a b l e 3 2 s h o w s , for t h e m o n t h s A u g u s t 1 9 3 4 t o F e b r u a r y 1 9 3 5 ,
inclusive, e m p l o y m e n t , p a y rolls, a n d m a n - h o u r s w o r k e d o n c o n s t r u c
t i o n p r o je c ts starting since J u l y 1 , 1 9 3 4 , w h i c h a r e f i n a n c e d f r o m direct
g o v e r n m e n t a l appropriations.
Table 32.— E m p l o y m e n t o n Construction Projects F i na n ce d f r o m R egular
G o v e r n m e n t a l Appropriations, A u g u s t 1934 to F e b r u a r y 1935
[Subject to revision]
Month
N u m b e r of A m o u n t of N u m b e r of
wage
pay rolls man-hours
earners
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
1934
August________-_______________________
September..................... ........
October................................
N o v e m b e r ..................... ....... D e c e m b e r ..............................
5,601
9,800
13,593
18,211
16,276
$329,440
493,363
689,604
1,014,945
859,998
557,747
773,685
1,103,523
1,690,488
1,468,741
$0,591
.638
.625
.600
.586
$150,506
842,292
982,835
3,334,648
1,966,441
1935
January................................
February..............................
12,784
13,106
669,199
704,190
1,062,118
1,102,864
.630
.639
3,163,946
1,962,087
T a b l e 3 3 s h o w s t h e v a l u e of m a t e r i a l o r d e r s p l a c e d d u r i n g t h e
p er i od , J u l y 1, 1 9 3 4 , t o F e b r u a r y 15, 19 3 5 , o n c o n s t r u c t i o n p r o j e c t s
f i n a n c e d f r o m direct g o v e r n m e n t a l a p p r o p r i a t i o n s , b y t y p e of ma t e r i a l .
51
Table 33.— Material Orders Placed for use o n Construction Projects Fi n anced
f r o m Regular G o v e r n m e n t a l Appropriations, b y T y p e of Material
Value of material orders
placed—
T y p e of material
F r o m July 1, During pe
1934, to Jan. riod Jan. 15 to
15, 1935
Feb. 15,1935
All material..............................................
Bolts, nuts, rivets, etc.....................................
Brick and hollow tile......................................
Cast-iron pipe and fittings. ................................
C e m e n t and lime.. ......................................
Coal.....................................................
Concrete products.. .....................................
Copper products..........................................
Cordage and twine........................................
Crushed stone.. .........................................
Electric wiring and fixtures... ........... ................
Electrical machinery and supplies..........................
Elevators and parts.......................................
Engines, turbines, tractors, etc.............................
Explosives...............................................
Forgings.................................................
Foundry and machine-shops products, not elsewhere classified
Glass....................................................
Hardware................................................
Heating and ventilating equipment........................
L u m b e r and timber products.. ...........................
Machine tools............................................
Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products.............
Metal doors, etc..........................................
Motor vehicles...........................................
Nails and spikes ..........................................
Paints and varnishes......................................
Paving mixtures............................ .............
Petroleum products.......................................
Planing mill products.....................................
Plumbing supplies........................................
P u m p s and pumping equipment...........................
Refrigerating equipment..................................
Roofing materials.........................................
Sand and gravel... ......................................
Sheet-metal w o r k .........................................
Steel-works and rolling-mill products.......................
Steel, structural and reinforcing............................
Tiling, floor and wall, and terrazzo.........................
Tools, other than machine tools............................
Wall plaster, wall board, and insulating board..............
Waterproofing materials...................................
Wire products, not elsewhere classified.....................
Other....................................................
$10,290,162
$1,962,087
21,235
65,682
26,097
350,579
33,541
54,774
47,441
7,113
107,190
143,872
357,899
30,762
1,713,545
13,776
148,564
732,975
10,054
65,977
72,965
717,304
10,455
238,193
21,889
5,512
13,893
81,037
54,281
262,757
34,477
114,000
261,657
24,924
60,880
187,100
82,901
961,431
2,560,901
5,141
13,870
56,418
6,678
60,521
449,901
1,849
14,463
9,736
30,417
94,761
14,907
3,951
12,325
17,916
369.129
21,557
314,343
3,019
26,417
166,661
1,934
11,122
106,739
58,048
9,396
107,369
1,049
15,110
3,604
67,145
7,680
18,925
112,732
8,730
1,549
22,362
2,401
120,035
59,240
2,332
1,995
8,258
87,856
S i n c e J u l y 1, 1 9 3 4 , o r d e r s h a v e b e e n p l a c e d for c o n s t r u c t i o n m a
terial v a l u e d a t o v e r $ 1 2 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 .
S t r u c t u r a l a n d rei nf o rc i ng steel
a c c o u n t e d for a n e x p e n d i t u r e of o v e r $ 2 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 , w h i l e e x p e n d i t u r e s
for e ng ines, turbines, etc., a m o u n t e d t o o v e r $2 , 00 0 , 0 0 0 .
Wage-Rate Changes in American Industries
Manufacturing Industries
T
a b l e
3 4 presents information concerning w a g e -rate a d j u s t m e n t s
occurring b e t w e e n
shown
by
January
reports received
15,
from
1 9 3 5,
and
23,659
February
15,
manufacturing
1935,
as
establish
m e n t s e m p l o y i n g 3 , 7 3 7 , 3 8 9 w o r k e r s in F e b r u a r y .
N i n e t y - f i v e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in 3 2 industries r e p o r t e d w a g e - r a t e i n
c r e as e s a v e r a g i n g 8 p e r c e n t a n d affecting 1 3 , 0 5 5 e m p l o y e e s .
e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in 3
industries r e p o r t e d
11.1 p e r c e n t a n d affected 2 8 3 w o r k e r s .
decreases w h i c h
Five
averaged
52
A n
a v e r a g e i n c r e a s e of 11.4 p e r c e n t affecting 2 , 3 2 5 w o r k e r s w a s
r e p o r t e d in t h e a u t o m o b i l e i n d u s t r y .
I n the f o u n d r y a n d m a c h i n e -
s h o p i n d u s t r y t h e i n c re a se s a v e r a g e d 5.1 p e r c e n t a n d affected 1 , 9 3 9
wage
earners, a n d i n t h e p a p e r a n d
pulp industry the wage-rate
i n c re a se s r e p o r t e d a v e r a g e d 6.4 p e r c e n t a n d affected 1 , 8 7 7 w o r k e r s .
I n t h e f ur n i t u r e i n d u s t r y 1 , 1 5 8 e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e d a n a v e r a g e i n c r e a s e
o f 5.7 p e r c e n t i n w a g e - r a t e s , w h i l e in t h e shirt a n d collar i n d u s t r y
1 , 0 3 5 w o r k e r s r e c e i v e d a n a v e r a g e i n c r e a s e o f 1 0 p e r c en t .
A n average
i n c r e a s e of 9.4 p e r c e n t w a s r e c e i v e d b y 8 6 1 w a g e e a r n e r s in t h e m e n ’
s
clothing industry.
W a g e - r a t e in cr e as e s a v e r a g i n g 7.5 p e r c e n t a n d
affecting 7 0 5 w o r k e r s w e r e r e p o r t e d b y c o o p e r a t i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n
t h e ru b be r - t i r e i n d u s t r y , a n d inc r ea s es a v e r a g i n g 6.7 p e r c e n t affect
i n g 6 6 9 w o r k e r s i n t h e electrical m a c h i n e r y , a p p a r a t u s , a n d s u p p l i e s
i n d u s t r y w e r e reported.
O t h e r inc re a se s affected 4 0 6 e m p l o y e e s o r
less in a n y o n e i n d u s t r y .
T able 34*— W a g e - R a t e C h a n g e s in M a n u fa c tu r in g Industries D u r i n g M o n t h
E n d i n g Feb. 15, 1935
Industry
Estab Total
lish
mber
ments nu
of e m
report ployees
ing
All manufacturing industries____ 23,650 3,737,389
Percentage of total..___ -_.. 100.0
100.0
Iron and steel and their products,
not including machinery:
Blast furnaces, steel works,
and rolling mills..........
Bolts, nuts, washers, and
rivets__ ...____ -____ — _
Cast-iron pipe..............
Cutlery (not including silver
and plated cutlery) and
edge tools________________
Forgings, iron and steel..___
H a r d w a r e . ________________
Plumbers’supplies_________
Steam- and hot-water-heating apparatus and steam
fittings
. . _______
Stoves..__ _______________ _
Structural and ornamental
metalwork...............
Tin cans and other tinware. .
Tools (not including edge
tools, machine tools, files,
and saws)____________-_W i r e w o r k . _____________ __
Machinery, not including trans
portation equipment:
Agricultural implements..._
Cash registers, adding m a
chines, and calculating m a
chines
. Electrical machinery, appa
ratus, and supplies_______
Engines, turbines, tractors,
and water wheels
__ ...
Foundry and machine-shop
products
. __ ___
Machine tools
...
Radios and phonographs___
Textile machinery and parts.
Typewriters and parts......
* Less than
Ho of 1 percent.
N u m b e r of establish
ments reporting—
No
Wage- Wagewagerate
rate
rate
in
de
changes creases creases
23,559
99.6
95
0.4
1
0)
N u m b e r of employees
having—
No
wagerate
changes
Wage- Wagerate
rate
in
de
creases creases
5 3,724,051
99.6
13,055
0.3
264,753
200
222
264,953
221
53
46
9,022
8,034
53
46
165
83
102
81
13,929
9,986
32,070
10,302
165
82
100
81
1
2
13,929
9,743
32,042
10,302
243
28
93
204
21,184
24,611
93
202
2
21,184
24,349
262
290
92
19,301
17,266
290
92
133
109
10,670
10,684
131
107
2
2
10,645
10,674
25
10
84
25,290
83
1
25,263
27
6
123,656
27
15,542
27
367
124,325
361
108
41,010
108
1,534
198
53
146
14
150,666
23,245
32,080
15,959
11,092
1,527
198
53
146
14
9,022
8,034
19,301
17,266
15,542
669
41,010
7
148,727
23,245
32,080
15,959
11,092
1,939
283
(0
53
Table 34.— Wage-Rate Changes in Manufacturing Industries During Month
Ending Feb. 15, 1935— Continued
Industry
Transportation equipment:
Aircraft...................
Automobiles............ .
Cars, electric and steam rail
road.....................
Locomotives............. ~
Shipbuilding........... ...
Railroad repair shops:
Electric railroad............
Steam railroad.............
Nonferrous metals and their
products:
A l u m i n u m manufactures____
Brass, bronze, and copper
products.................
Clocks and watches and timerecording devices.........
Jewelry....................
Lighting equipment........
Silverware aha plated ware-»_
Smelting and refining— cop
per, lead, and zinc........
Stamped and enameled ware.
L u m b e r and allied products:
Furniture.............. ...
Lumber:
Millw o r k ............. .
Sawmills.............. .
Turpentine and rosin.......
Stone, clay, and glass products:
Brick, tile, and terra cotta__
C e m e n t ................ ...
Glass..................... .
Marble, granite, slate, and
other products............
Pottery....................
Textiles and their products:
Fabrics:
Carpets and rugs...... .
Cotton goods.......... .
Cotton small wares.... .
Dyeing and finishing tex
tiles..................
Hats, fur-felt.......... .
Knit goods.............
Silk and rayon goods___
Woolen and worsted
goods.............. .
Wearing apparel:
Clothing, m e n ’
s.........
Clothing, w o m e n ’
s......
Corsets and allied gar
ments............... .
Men’
s furnishings.......
Millinery..............
Shirts and collars.......
Leather and its manufactures:
Boots and shoes............
Leather....................
Foo d and kindred products:
Baking....................
Beverages.................
Butter.... ................
Canning and preserving....
Confectionery..............
Flour.....................
Ice cream..................
Slaughtering and meat pack
ing......................
Sugar, beet................
Sugar refining, cane.........
Tobacco manufacturers:
Chewing and smoking to
bacco and snuff..........
Cigars and cigarettes.......
Estab Total
lish
u mb e r
ments nof
em
report ployees
ing
30
310
4,786
367,927
N u m b e r of establish
ments reporting—
No
wagerate
changes
30
66
11
rate
in-
Wagerate
de-
N u m b e r of employees
having—
No
wagerate
4,786
95
15,257
3,998
32,294
95
15,257
3,998
32,294
347
499
17,680
78,841
343
499
17,274
78,841
11
Wage- Wagerate
rate
in
decreases
2,325
406
32
6,848
304
45,986
303
45,980
27
168
71
57
11,518
9,337
4,061
7,938
26
11,513
9,337
4,053
7,938
43
206
17,849
24,955
43
205
17,849
24,937
18
534
52,716
51,558
1,158
546
571
26
24,003
61,704
2,379
545
571
26
23,986
61,704
2,379
494
137
154
16,813
14,218
52,895
494
137
154
16,813
14,218
52,895
237
117
3,894
17,692
237
116
3,894
17,654
678
113
17,396
289,497
11,254
30
678
113
17,396
289,497
11,254
265
43,671
7,707
121,507
54,205
164
50
439
262
43,303
7,707
121,507
54,168
491
135,895
491
135,895
121,335
41,189
1,591
628
120,474
41,155
861
34
35
81
129
167
5,192
8,863
7,957
24,920
35
81
129
160
5,192
8,863
7,957
23,885
1,035
307
160
112,664
32,493
307
158
112,664
32,316
177
1,017
484
284
802
317
383
346
59,959
24,182
3,953
44,632
38,264
14,842
8,451
1,016
484
284
802
316
382
346
59,938
24,182
3,953
44,632
38,134
14,822
8,451
292
57
14
94,826
2,925
9,240
225
9,844
45,468
165
50
6,848
94,826
2,925
9,240
39
225
9,844
45,468
17
37
21
130
20
54
Table 34,— Wage-Rate Changes in Manufacturing Industries During Month
Ending Feb. 15, 1935— Continued
Estab Total
lish
umber
ments nof
em
report ployees
ing
Industry
Paper and printing:
Boxes, paper.............. .
Paper and pulp..... .......
Printing and publishing:
Bo o k and job........ .
Newspapers and periodi
cals........... ......
Chemicals and allied products,
and petroleum refining:
Other than petroleum refin
ing:
Chemicals_______ ______
Cottonseed— oil, c a k e ,
and meal.............
Druggists’preparations—
Explosives.............
Fertilizers______________
Paints and varnishes____
R a y o n and allied prod
ucts__________________
Soap____________ ______
Petroleum refining
__ _
Rubber products:
Rubber boots and shoes_____
Rubber goods, other than
boots, shoes, tires, and
inner tubes_______________
Rubber tires and inner tubes.
N u m b e r of establish
ments reporting—
No
Wage- Wagerate
wagerate
rate
de
in
changes creases creases
N u m b e r of employees
having—
No
wagerate
changes
Wage- Wagerate
rate
in
de
creases creases
34,955
109,502
683
421
3
7
1,349
60, 784
1,338
11
60,732
52
519
49, 791
516
3
49,502
289
128
25,453
127
1
25,437
16
85
79
30
295
606
4,210
9,250
4,269
14,172
20,488
85
79
30
295
603
30
112
192
49,497
15,417
60,299
29
112
192
10
16,369
10
168
51
26,770
57,022
168
50
686
428
34,896
107,625
3
1
59
1,877
4,210
9,250
4,269
14,172
20,242
49,470
15,417
60,299
24627
16,369
1
26,770
56,317
705
N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g Industries
Wage-rate changes occurring between January 15 and February
15, 1935, which were reported by cooperating establishments in 16
nonmanufacturing industries, are shown in table 35.
Increases affecting 5,199 employees were reported by 414 estab
lishments in four industries. Of these employees, 2,778 were in the
electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance industry
and received an average wage-rate increase of 18 percent. An aver
age increase of 7.5 percent affecting 2,008 employees was reported
by 367 wholesale-trade establishments, and one of 9.2 percent affect
ing 315 employees was reported by 39 retail establishments.
The wage-rate decreases reported affected only 118 workers in 20
establishments.
55
Table 35.— W age-Rate Changes in Nonm anufacturing Industries D uring M onth
Ending Feb. 15, 1935
Industrial group
N u m b e r of establish
ments reporting—
Estab Total
lish
ments n u m b e r
report of eming
WageNo
rate
wageinrate
changes
Anthracite mining..... .......
Percentage of total..........
Bituminous coal mining....... .
Percentage of total..........
Metalliferous mining___________
Percentage of total...... ...
Quarrying and nonmetallic min-
160
100.0
1,423
100.0
250
100.0
250,556
Percentage of total_________
Crude petroleum producing____
Percentage of total..... ....
Telephone and telegraph_______
Percentage of total_________
Electric light and power and
manufactured gas____________
Percentage of total..... ....
Electric-railroad and motor-bus
operation and maintenance___
Percentage of total..........
Wholesale trade...............
Percentage of total_________
Retail trade..................
Percentage of total.........
Hotels. ...... .... ...........
Percentage of total....... .
Laundries....................
Percentage of total........_
Dyeing and cleaning..........
Percentage of total.........
Ba n k s ....... ................
Percentage of total.........
Brokerage.......... ..........
Percentage of total.........
Insurance....................
Percentage of total.........
100.0
244
100.0
7,968
100.0
1,050
23,935
100.0 100.0
244
100.0 100.0
258,357
7,968
100.0 100.0
2,588
199,170
2,587
453
123,985
15,967
293,223
446
98.5
15,591
97.6
52,723
99.9
2,457
100.0
100.0
100.0
52,773
100.0
2,457
100.0
1,307
100.0
614
100.0
2,925
100.0
379
100.0
1,034
100.0
89,464
100.0
100.0
787,199
100.0
146,882
100.0
69,985
100.0
14,171
100.0
92,908
100.0
10,929
100.0
66,496
100.0
100.0
100.0
29,369
100.0
23,935
1,050
O
100.0
1,307
100.0
614
100.0
2,925
100.0
379
100.0
1,034
100.0
Wage- Wagerate
rate
in
decreases
250,556
100.0
100.0
258,357
100.0
27,941
27,941
100.0 100.0
No
wagerate
89,464
160
100.0 100.0
1,423
100.0 100.0
250
29,369
100.0 100.0
i Less than H o of 1 percent.
Wagerate
de-
N u m b e r of employees
having—
199,072
100.0
0)
7
1.5
367
2.3
39
0.1
0.1
11
0)
121,207
97.8
291,141
99.3
786,840
98
0)
2,778
2.2
2,008
0.7
315
100.0 (»)
100.0
69,985
100.0
14,171
100.0
92,908
100.0
10,929
100.0
66,496
100.0
146,882
74
0)
0)*
@FedFRASER