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E

M

P

L

O

Y

M

E

N

T

and Payrolls
MONTHLY

STA TISTICA L

REPORT

DECEMBER 1952

E m p l o y m e n t Trends
? V

Industry D e v e l o p m e n t s
In d u s t r y Statistics

v . State a n d A r e a Statistics
^

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Maurice J. Tobin - Secretary




Payroll D a t a

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague - Commissioner

Publications on

Employment Developments
CW&UaJU *

""",l

iJ p B

fo&H

B u to o cw * ,

S ia t£ d * tic d

The Bureau of Labor Statistics pro gra m in the mea su r e me n t and analysis of
employment trends includes (1) the preparation of current mon th ly statistics on
employment, labor turnover, and hours and earnings in major industries, States and
areas; (2) the interpretation of these employment trends; (3) the analysis of lon g
term trends in employment in m ajor occupat ion s and industries; and (4) the p r e p a r a 
tion of estimates of manpow er requirements for the defense m o bi l iz ati on p rogram .and
estimates of pr ospective labor supply.
Employment statistics are pre pa red in c o 
operation with State agencies.

Listed below and continued on the (inside) back cover are the major re
ports available to the public. Distri but ion is free unl ess o t h erw ise noted.
R eq ues ts for these p ubl ications specifying exact titles, should be addressed
B u reau of L abor Statistics, U. S. Dep art me nt of Labor, Washington 25, D. C.

to the

E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S — E mp lo yme nt figures pr ese nte d for approxi mat ely 200 i n d i v i d 
ual industries, for 48 States and the Distri ct of C ol um bia and for selected
areas, in v arying industry detail.
On a na tional basis only, data on e m 
ployment of women in m an u fa c t u r i ng industries available quarterly.
Report
also contains analysis of latest m o n thl y employment trends and current and
anticipated d eve lop men ts in selected industries.
P ress release, giving
analysis of current trends in broad industry groups based on prelim in ary
data, available approxim ate ly two weeks earlier.
Both reports published
monthly.
H O U R S A N D E a R N I N G S — Average week ly earnings, average we ekly hours, and average
hourly earnings for appro xim ate ly 275 industries, and for States and s e 
lected areas.
Press release, giving analysis of current trends in broad
industry groups based on p rel imi nar y data, available app roximately two
weeks earlier.
Both reports pub li she d monthly.
L A B O R T U R N O V E R — Data on hiring, quits, layoffs, and di scharges shown for 121 i n d i
vidual m an u f a ct u r i n g and selected n on - m a n u f ac t u r i n g industries.
On a
national basis only, data on women for selected industries available q u a r 
terly.
Press release, giving analysis of current trends in broad industry
groups based on pr e l im in a ry data, available appr oxi mat el y two weeks e a r 
lier.
Both reports pub li s he d monthly.




These publications prepared by
DIVISION OF MANPOWER AND EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
Seymour L. Wolfbe in, Chief

EMPLOYMENT
and
DECEMBER 1952

Payrolls

MONTHLY STA TIST IC A L
REPORT

CONTENTS
PAGE
EMPLOYMENT DATA AT A GLANCE,...............
II

■■■ m — ■ 4

EMPLOYMENT TRENDS....... ..................
Table At Employees in Nonagricultural Estab
lishments, by Industry Division and Group ,,
Table B: Bnployees in Manufacturing Industry
Groups,•
6

Next month.

1
5>

STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT IN THE
POST-WORLD WAR II PERIOD (Part H ) .........

7

INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT REPORT
Iren and Steel,,•••••.•*•«•..,.,•*,*.,«••,,«•

17

CURRENT EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL STATISTICS

Beginning with the January
issue, the Employment and
Payrolls Report will contain
detailed labor turn-over
data for over 100 industries.
Users of employment data will
thus obtain a comprehensive
picture of employment acti
vities in one publication.
This will also result in
economies for the Bureau in
that the previous
Labor
Turn-Over Report which had
been issued as a separate
publication through December
1952 will be discontinued.




1, Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments,
by Industry Division.,,,..••»••••*•,,•••«.
2, Bnployees in Nonagricultural Establishments,
by Industry Division and Group........ ..
3, All Employees and Production Workers in
Mining and Manufacturing Industries.
il. Indexes of Production-Worker Ehployiftent and
Weekly Payrolls in Manufacturing
Industries....... .
5. Bnployees in the Shipbuilding and Repairing
Industry, by R e g i o n , . .••.••••••,,«•
6, Federal Civilian Employment in All Areas and
in Continental United States, and Total
Goverment Civilian Employment in the
District of Columbia.•.••••»*•,.,•••«••.,,
7* Bnployees in Nonagricultural Establishments,
by Industry Division, by State,....•••••,,
8, Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments,
by Industry Division, in Selected Areas,,,

21

22
21*
28

29

30
31
3h

(Data for the two most recent months shown are
subject to revision,)

CHARTS
Index of Weekly Earnings in Manufacturing...,,
Index of Production-Worker Employment and
Weekly Payrolls,,,.,.,.,,,,,,.,,.«•••••••••••
Bnployees in Nonagricultural Establishments by
Major Industry Divisions.....................

I*
16

20

APPENDIX
Explanatory Notes............. .. . . . , , ill
Glossary..
•••
|t7
List of Cooperating State Agencies,

E m p lo y m e n t D a t a

at a

Current

G la n c e

Year ago

November 1952 change froms
Previous
month

November
1<5$2 1/

October
1952

November
1951

47,862
16,529
875
2,586

47,826
16,493
870
2,699

46,852
lL^
Aon
■
y,o
ysj
917
2,633

46,902
017
fOJ.

4. r
11 0
— 11J

4,230
10,285
1.970
A)
7(V

4,165
10,109
-LfyV (
I I'M
4,
Ob

4,166
7,07^
4,770

6,663

/ ?/n
10,094
1,969
4,766
6,695

in
— LU
IQ!
+> L7J.
1
n.
+ J
- 42
- 32

+ 63
- 10
1//
+, loo

41.2
$1*715
$70,66

/I /
$1,705
$70.59

/n
^
Z
fU,p
$1,626
$65.85

/n
abn /It c
,41

_ 0
+e!oi
+5?.07

+ *7
+$ .089
+$4.81

5.3
/2
2,8
#7
#7

39
/ **
1*9
1,7
•7f

//
/7
•J
1 y
,8

••#
•••
•••
#♦•
•••

•••
•••
•••
•••
••0

October
1951

Year ago

EMPLOYEES IN NONAGRICULTURAL
ESTABLISHMENT*? (in thousands)
Total,.... .......... ,,,,
Manufacturing,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Mining,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Contract Construction,,,,,,
Transportation and
public utilities,,,,,,,,,,
Trade,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

L TIL

Government,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

1 qz:

+ ±U
+ 639
- 42
- 47

+ 65

•»rjt’
+1 1/0

HOURS AND EARNINGS
IN MANUFACTURIN6 INDUSTRIES
Average hourly earnings,,,,,,
LABOR TURNOVER RATES
IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
(Per 100 employees)
Separations,,,,,,, ,,••••••••,
Quits.......... „.....
Layoffs....

^Latest month's figures are preliminary
II




J

Uf/A A
V/
£
'/<
7 /

Y< V
A 4
A A

£ 7 ,A
£% A
A A

Employment Trends

PHB-CHRISTMAS TKADE EXPANSION
CLIMAXES RECORD EMPLOYMENT YEAR
Boosted by pre-Christmas hiring
in retail trade, the number of nonfarm employees maintained a record
level in November, making 1952 a new
all-time high employment year. The
year 1952 saw recovery in civilian
goods industries from 1951's reduced
levels and continued— but slower— ex
pansion in military goods industries.
The number of employees in nonfarm industries, at 47.9 million in
November, was up by 1 million since
November 1951. Most of this gain oocurred in manufacturing, where the
continued expansion in military goocb
industries and recovery in consumer
goods industries have carried employ
ment 640,000 above last year's level.
Significant increases have also oc
curred in trade, finance, and Govern
ment employment. (See tables A and B.)
Between October and November,
nonfarm employment was little changed,
in contrast to the usual decline.
Seasonal declines in construction and
food canning were offset by the preChristmas expansion in retail sales
staffs and further gains in metal
working manufacturing industries.
Manufacturing employment rose
slightly over the month to a postWorld War II peak of 16.5 million.
Factory deployment usually drops in
November, reflecting seasonal reduc
tions in food canning, apparel, and
tobacco. This November, however, ap
parel manufacturers did not reduce




their work force and consumer durable
goods industries continued to expand,
reflecting the improved sales and in
ventory pictures in these industries.
Employment in nearly all consumer
goods industries was significantly
higher than the depressed levels in
November 1951, when reduced sales and
rising inventories were forcing pro
duction cut-backs.
Employment in industries pro
ducing military equipment— ordnance,
aircraft, and shipbuilding— continued
to rise during 1952 but at a decreas
ing rate. From January to October
this year, ordnance plants expanded
employment by 17 percent, aircraft
plants by 15 percent, and shipbuild
ing by 15 percent. During the same
period of 1951, increases in these
industries amounted to 92 percent,
40 percent, and 23 percent respec
tively. In the nearly 2-1/2 years
since the outbreak of the Korean war,
these three industries have expanded
their work force by 145 percent with
520,000 new workers.
Present production schedules in
dicate continued slowing down in the
rate of growth in military end pro
duct industries in 1953. Shipbuild
ing employment appears to have lev
eled off already. Military electron
ics will reach its employment peak
in the spring of 1953, ordnance in
the summer, and aircraft by the first
quarter of 1954. (See chart, page II.)
During 1952, industries pro
ducing industrial equipment halted
their employment expansion. Expen

1

ditures on new plant and equipment
have remained relatively constant
for the past year at an annual rate
of $27 'billion. November 1952 em
ployment in the machinery industry,
at 1.6 million, was slightly less
than a year earlier, and the aver
age workweek was a half hour shorter.
This contrasts with the sharp gains
in the first year after Korea, when
employment rose "by over a quartermillion and the workweek rose by 2
hours, to 43-1/2 hours.
Employment in contract construc
tion declined seasonally between Ootober and November by 110,000. How
ever, at 2.6 million, employment
was about equal to the all-time high
for the season reached a year ago.
The 86,000 new dwelling units started
in November were only slightly uxder
the 1950 record level for the montb
Employment in trade rose by
190,000 in preparation for the
Christmas shopping season, hitting
10.3 million, an all-time high for
November. A small seasonal decline
in service industries carried en^*
ployment to 4.7 million'this Novem
ber, about the same as a year ago.
Government employment declined
slightly as State and local govern
ments curtailed highway construc
tion activities. Federal Government
employment continued to decline
slightly for the fourth consecutive
month, as the steady uptrend since
Korea in Federal defense agency ci
vilian employment leveled dff at
1.2 million.
WORKWEEK HITS POSTWAR
PEAK OF 41.4 HOURS
The average workweek, in the Na
tion' 3 factories rose slightly, to
41.4 hours in mid-October 1952. eqgQ.
2




to the previous post-World War II
peak reached in December 1950 and
about 1 hour longer than in October
1951. Gains in weekly hours were re
ported in most industry groups be
tween September and October of this
year as manufacturing employment rose
to a postwar peak of 16.5 million.
Expanding production in consumer
goods industries for the Christmas
season boosted hours in many indus
tries. In the primary metals and
transportation equipment industries,
weekly hours were at postwar peaks
as steel production continued to
break records and automobile pro
duction reached the highest levels
in more than a year.
The 1-hour increase in the work
week above the October 1951 level re
sulted primarily from recovery in
consumer goods industries. At this
time last year, production cut-backs
brought reduced workweeks in nearly
all consumer goods industries, pri
marily as a result of slackened con
sumer buying and rising inventories.
The apparel, textile, and leather
products industries reported the
largest over-the-year gains in the
workweek, of from 2 to 3 hours. The
October workweek in each of these in
dustries was about equal to previous
postwar highs for the season.
EARNINGS AT ALL-TIME
HIGH OF $1.71 AN HDUB.
Factory workers' average hourly
earnings— including overtime and
other premium pay— rose by 1 cent
between September and October, to
$1.71, primarily because of more orertime premium pay with the longer work
week. Over the year, hourly earn
ings have increased by 9 cents, or
5—l/2 percent, reflecting both in
creased overtime and oost-of-liviag
and other wage rate adjustments al-

lowed under the wage stabilization
program. (See chart, page 4.)
Workers in durable goods indus
tries fared better than workers in
nondurable goods in the over-theyear gains in earnings. Hourly earn
ings in durable goods plants rose by
7 percent, to $1.82 this October, com
pared to an increase of less than 4
percent, to $1.55, for workers pro
ducing nondurable goods.

unchanged between September and Oc
tober, in contrast to the usual sea
sonal increase, and, at only 7 per
1,000 workers, was the lowest Octo
ber level since 1944.

The favorable labor turnover
picture was reflected in rising man
ufacturing employment and the small
number of workers claiming State un
employment insurance benefits. With
factory employment rising to a post
war peak, the number of unemployment
The longer workweek and increased claimants dropped to a postwar low
hourly pay brought the factory workere1 in mid-October of only 617,000, a
quarter-million fewer than in Octo
average weekly pay check, before tax
and other deductions, to an all-time
ber 1951.
high of $70.59 in mid-October. Here
The factory lay-off rate was
also, workers in durable goods plants
only one-half the rate of a year ago,
received the greatest gains over the
year, because of the greater increase with sharp declines reported in nearly
all consumer goods industries. Bis
in their hourly earnings. Their
ing employment in consumer goods in
weekly earnings averaged $76.76 in
dustries this fall contrasts sharply
October, an increase of $5.66 from
with the production cut-backs under
last October, while workers produc
way a year earlier. This October,
ing nondurable goods earned an aver
fewer than half as many workers were
age of $63.42, an increase of $4.42.
laid off as in October 1951 in indus
There are wide disparities among tries producing consumer goods; in
cluding shoes, apparel, textiles,
industry groups in average weekly
cigarettes, radios and television,
earnings, partly reflecting differ
automobiles, jewelry, and furniture.
ences in the length of the workweek.
This October, earnings ranged from a
Factories were hiring workers
low of $47.56 and $48.19 a week for
tobacco products and apparel workers at a rate 20 percent higher than in
respectively to a high of $85.96 and October 1951. In the fall of last
$87.64 for workers in transportation year, hiring rates had dropped to
the lowest levels in over a decade,
equipment and petroleum products in
dustries.
except for 1949.

LABOR TURNOVER DATA. INDICATE
FAVORABLE EMPLOYMENT PICTURE
The continuation of one of the
most ^favorable employment situations
for workers in manufacturing indus
tries since World War II was indi
cated by labor turnover statistics
for October. The rate at which fac
tory workers were laid off remained




The rate at which factory workers
were voluntarily quitting their jobs
was up by 12 percent over the year,
reflecting the improved situation in
consumer goods industries. The
greatest over-the-year gains in quit
rates were reported in consumer goods
industries, where the production cut
backs under way last year at this
time had lessened opportunities to
shift jobs.

3

INDEX OF WEEKLY EARNINGS
IN MANUFACTURING

1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952
E S T IM A T E S O F W O R L D W A R H A N D

1914 1915 1916
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

BUREAUOFLABORSTATISTICS




P O S T W A R U N D E R S T A T E M E N T B Y TH E

1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927

Table A:

Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments,

by Industry Division and Selected Groups

(In thousands)
1952
Industry d iv isio n and group

1951

Net nh
Oct.

Nov.

Nov.
1952

Nov.
1952

Nov.
1/

Oct.

TOTAL....

4.7,862

47,826

47,727

46,852

+ 36

4*1,010

MANUFACTURING..................

16,529

16,493

16,389

15,890

+ 36

+ 639

MINING........................

875

870

885

917

+

-

42

106
338

102
335

104
344

105
368

+ 4+ 3

4-

1
30

107

108

109

107

-

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION...........

2,586

2,699

2,761

2,633

-113

-

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES....................

4,230

4,240

4,224

4,165

- 10

4-

65

2,940
732
558

2,950
730
560

2,929
729
566

2,912
701
552

- 10
+ 2
- 2

44+

28
31
6

10,285

10,094

9,960

10,109

+191

+

176

2,682

2,655

2,641

2,657

+ 27

4-

25

7,603
1,717
1,317

7,439
1,592
1,311

7,319
1,507
1,293

7,452
1,701
1,295

+164
+125
4- 6

+ 151
4- 16
4- 22

762

754

747

759

4- 8

4*

586
3,221

572
3,210

555
3,217

580
3,117

4- 14
4- 11

+
6
4- 104

FINANCE.......................

1,970

1,969

1,971

1,907

4-

4-

63

SERVICE.......................

4,724

4,766

4,825

4,734

-

10

GOVERNMENT....................

6,663

6,695

6,712

6,497

- 32

4- 166

2,385
4,278

2,389
4,306

2,407
4,305

2,325
4,172

- 4
- 28

+
4-

Nonmetallic mining and

TRADE.........................

Pood and liquor s to re s............. ..
Automotive and accessories
Apparel and accessories

Sept.

Nov.

5

1

1

0

3

60
106

1/ Preliminary.




5

Table B:

Employees in Manufacturing Industry Groups

(In thousands)

1952
Sept.

Nov.

16,493

16,389

15,890

+ 36

+639

9,4-33

9,336

9,190

8,976

+ 97

+457

84

81

81

63

+ 3

+ 21

759
365
555
1,375

765
360
551
1,363

785
354
546
1,354

783
342
552
1,339

- 6
+ 5
+ 12

+
+
+

1,051
1,607
1,050
1,729
343

1,034
1,585
1,023
1,725
336

1,008
1,564
1,000
1,668
332

984
1,625
955
1,551
313

+
+
+
+
+

17
22
27
4
7

+ 67
- 18
+ 95
+178
+ 30

515

513

498

469

+

2

NONDURABLE GOODS

7,096

7,157

7,199

6,914

- 61

+182

Food and kindred prod u c t s ..........
Tobacco m a nufact u r e s................
Textile-mi 11 pr o d u c t s ...............
Apparel and other finished
textile p r o d u c t s...................
Paper and allied p r o d u c t s ..........
Printing, publishing, and allied
industries..........................
Chemicals and allied products......
Products of petroleum and coal.....
Rubber p r o d u c t s ......................
Leather and leather p r o d u c t s .......

1,559
94
1,252

1,629
99
1,243

1,712
99
1,234

1,547
93
1,227

- 70
- 5
+ 9

+

1,183
501

1,186
497

1,185
489

1,128
486

- 3
+ 4

+ 55
+ 15

785
768
281
279
394

781
768
282
277
395

771
759
282
273
395

773
762
269
273
356

+ 4
0
1
+ 2
1

+
+
+
+
+

Industry division and group

MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
Ordnance and accessories...........
Lumber and wood products
(except furnitu r e ) .................
Furniture and fixtures..............
Stone, clay, and glass products....
Primary metal industries...........
Fabricated metal products
(except ordnance, machinery, and
transportation e quipment).........
Machinery (except e lectrical) ......
Electrical m a c h i n e r y ................
Transportation equipment...........
Instruments and related products...
Miscellaneous manufacturing
industries..........................

^ Preliminary

6




Nov.
1/

Oct.

16,529

Net c\ranee
Nov.
Oct.
1951
1952
to
to
Nov.
19*52

1951

+

4

+

24
23
3
36

46

+

12
1
+ 25

12
6
12
6
38

State and Area
Employment in the
Post-World War H
Period
part

n
This is the last of a series of two articles
(the first appeared in the November issue) on
Post-World War II trends in employment, hours
and earnings for States and major metropolitan
areas. The article is based on statistics
gathered by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and
cooperating State agencies, and is extracted
from a recently published 90-page volume under
the title "Employment, Hours, and Earnings—
State and Area Data, 19^7-51."

EMPLOYMENT TRENDS
The post-World War II period
was characterized by a lack of
"normality" which tended to obscure
seasonal and cyclical trends.
Beginning in 19^7 and con
tinuing through most of 19^8, the
trend of employment reflected in
tense efforts to produce goods
and services to fill deferred needs
created by war-imposed restrictions
and scarcities. Nonfarm employment
in those 2 years expanded by almost
7 percent to an all-time yearly
high of bk.2 million.
Although minor setbacks,
particularly in the so-called
’luxury" lines, took place during
19^7 and 19^8 , it was not until
19^9 that the first serious postwar
adjustment occurred. Excessive
accumulation of inventories caused




manufacturing employment to fall
precipitously. The drop of 1.1
million in manufacturing between
19^8 and 19^9 accounted for vir
tually the entire decline in non
farm employment between those
years.
Employment recovered sharply
in early 1950, however, and seemed
well on its way to recoup previous
losses. The advent of the Korean
War touched off a boom resulting
in a nonfarm employment average of
45.5 million during the last half
of 1950 and ^6.1 million during
1951> each a successive all-time
high.
The increase of 7 percent in
nonfarm employment for the country
as a whole between 19^7 and 1951
resulted from widely diverse
changes in the individual States,
underlining the importance of

7

gathering data on other than a
national basis. Although all
States for which data are avail
able showed gains, the increases
ranged from 1 percent in Vermont
to 31 percent in New Mexico
(chart II). Among the nine States
with nonfarm employment of more
than 1 million, the largest
gains— 20 percent and 1^ percent—
occurred in Texas and California
respectively. On the other hand,
Pennsylvania and Illinois each re
ported modest increases of only 2
percent. The New England and
Middle Atlantic States consistent
ly reported gains which were less
than the national average. With
the sxception of the Great Lakes
States in which the pattern was
mixed, the gains in all other
regions were just as consistently
above the national average.
Manufacturing
Manufacturing employment for
the country, as a whole reached a
new post-World War II high in 1951.
The new peak, which reached l6
million for several months during
the year, was the immediate out
growth of the outbreak of Korean
hostilities and reflected the ex
pansion in defense-related indus
tries. By mid-1951j consumergoods industries began to show a
weakness which characterized their
status for the rest of the year.
Although over-all manufacturing em
ployment in 1951 was only J00,000,
or ^.5 percent, above 19^7, it was
fully 1.8 million, or 12.6 percent
higher than the "inventory re
cession" year of 19^9»
The largest employment gains,
in general, were recorded outside
the industrial East and Great
Lakes States. Eight States re

8




ported employment expansions of 15
percent or more; only three—
Kansas, Texas, and California— had
relatively large numbers of manu
facturing workers. In Kansas, the
increase was almost wholly in air
craft. In California and Texas,
however, the gains were spread more
evenly. In California, for example,
lumber increased 33 percent, pri
mary metals 36 percent, fabricated
metals 23 percent, electrical ma
chinery 112 percent, and transpor
tation equipment (mostly aircraft)
^5 percent. In Texas, gains of
more than 30 percent were reported
in chemicals, primary metals,
fabricated metals, and transporta
tion equipment (also aircraft).
For 10 States, manufacturing
employment expanded by 10 to 15
percent. Included in this group,
as well as in the group of States
with the largest category of in
creases, were virtually all the
Mountain States. Twenty-one
other States had gains- of less than
10 percent.
Some of the largest indus
trial States, on the other hand,
had fewer manufacturing workers in
1951 than in 19^7 • In this group
were New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and
Illinois, each with losses of
between 1 and 2 percent. Although
strikes affected these declines in
some instances, their effect was
minimal. The employment losses
were widespread, particularly in
textiles, leather products, and ma
chinery. Of the nine States in
which declines occurred, none ex
ceeded 3 percent.
Movement to South and West
Manufacturing activity over
the past 5 years, as measured by

Chart H .

PERCENT INCREASE IN NONAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT
By State, 1947-51
STATES WITH NONAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT IN 1951 OF:
500,000 -999,999
1 Million or Over
PERCENT

Data not available for Ohio, Mich., Dela.,
D.C.Va., W.Va,Ky., Ala., Miss., La. The
1951 data for Md. not comparable with 1947.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
IU R IA U OF LABOR STATISTICS




Table 3 r

R eg ional employment in m anufacturing , by t o t a l and p ercent d is t r ib u t io n ,
1947-51

Employment
( i n thousands)

Percentage d is t r ib u t io n

Region
1947

T o ta l .......................................

1948

1949

1950

1t
1
i
1t

!

1951

1947

jE
st
Jt
:

1948

i:
1:
::
:

::
j

1949

:
:

1950

:
1
jI
i

1951

P ercent
change
1947-51

-

-

-

-

-

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 ,5 2 7 .9

1 ,5 1 0 .7

1 ,3 7 2 .4

1 ,4 4 7 .6

1, 541.3

10 .0

9 .9

9 .7

9 .7

9 .7

+ 0 .9

-

- 0 .2

Middle A t la n t ic ............

4 ,2 0 3 .5

4 ,1 8 3 .2

3 ,8 2 4 .2

3 ,9 5 6 .4

4, 193.5

2 7 .6

2 7 .4

2 7 .1

2 6 .7

2 6 .3

E a s t North C e n tra l • .

4 ,5 1 1 .5

4 ,5 0 3 .3

4 ,1 2 8 .8

4 ,4 0 3 .6

4 ,6 7 9 .8

2 9 .6

29 .5

2 9 .2

2 9 .6

29 .3

+ 3 .7

West North C e n tra l . .

846. I

85 1.0

821.1

854.2

936.8

5 .6

5 .6

5 .8

5 .7

5 .9

+10.7

1 ,6 4 4 .9

1 ,6 7 0 .3

1 ,5 6 7 .0

1 ,6 5 5 .8

1 ,7 6 3 .8

10 .8

10.9

11.1

11.1

11 .1

+ 7 .2

4 .6

4 .6

+ 4 .2

E a s t South C e n tra l ••

70 5.9

71 5.9

65 0 .8

68 8.9

735.5

4 .6

4 .7

4 .6

West South C e n tra l ••

612.1

63 4.8

60 8.9

6 3 4 .7

69 7.7

4 .0

4 .2

4 .3

4 .3

4 .3

+14.0

156.2

159.7

153.6

162.6

179.7

1 .0

1 .0

1 .1

1 .1

1 .1

+15.0

1 ,0 2 8 .1

1, 046.1

996.2

1 ,0 6 9 .1

* 1 ,2 2 7 .0

6 .8

6 .8

7 .1

7 .2

7 .7

+19.3

P a c i f i c ..................................

employment, has shewn a steady
shift to the South Atlantic, West
South Central, rad Pacific regions
(table 3)* The shift is not meas
ured in actual losses of workers
from one region to another, since
all regions, vith the exception of
the Middle Atlantic States, re
ported gains for manufacturing em
ployment between 19*7 and 1951*
Rather, the shift is measured in
the faster rate of growth in some
regions than in others. Although
the outbreak of Korean hostilities
and the attendant defense produc
tion hastened the movement, the
shift was well under way before
the start of hostilities.
The sharpest 19*7“1951 em
ployment gain— 19 percent-- was re
ported on the Pacific Coast. As
a result of this improvement, the
region increased its proportion of
the Nation's manufacturing workers
from 6.8 percent in 19*7 to 7*7
percent in 1951* Almost as large
were the gains recorded in the
West North Central, West South
Central, South Atlantic, and
Mountain regions.

10




The relative employment shift
was at the expense of the heavy in
dustrialized States of the New
England, Middle Atlantic, and East
North Central regions. Losses in
the East were especially severe
considering the short period of
time involved. In 1951 New
England had 9*7 percent of the
Nation's manufacturing employment
compared with 10 percent in 19*7 •
The proportion in the Middle Atlan
tic States dropped from 27.6 to
26.3 percent.
The defense program has ob
viously had a greater impact on
some areas than others.. The scope
of this impact can be measured best
by the trend in manufacturing em
ployment for the country as a whole.
Between 19*9 and 1951— the period
for which most areas have con
tinuous data— the Nation’s factory
employment increased 12.€ percent.
Largely because of*the aircraft pro
gram, however, Wichita reported a
gain of 90 percent, Nassau and Suf
folk Counties of New York 52 per
cent, and San Diego 65 percent.
The slowdown in textiles and

apparel, on the other hand, kept
the employment gain below 5 percent
in such areas as Hew York City,
Lancaster, and Reading. In evalua
ting trends between 19^9 and 1951#
it should be recalled that the sub
stantial gains recorded by most
areas reflect a calculation from a
deflated base caused by the "inven
tory recession" to a very high
level influenced by Korean rearma
ment and civilian "scare" buying.
Mining
Between 19^7 and 1951 this
industry reported a decline of 2
percent, a continuation of the
long-term down-trend which has
characterized it for many years.
Even the unparalleled demands of
World War II and the great indus
trial needs in the postwar period
were unable to arrest the cyclical
trend. Technological advances
were the chief factors in the em
ployment contraction.
Most of the postwar decline
was centered in anthracite and
bituminous-coal, and States such
as Pennsylvania, Illinois, Indiana,
and Alabama reported employment
losses ranging up to 33 percent.
Employment in the production of
crude petroleum and natural gas,
and nonmetallic mining recorded
substantial gains, however, thus
accounting for employment increases
in Texas and Oklahoma.

workers employed. Construction
employment in 1951 averaged 2.6
million, almost one-third higher
than in 19^7 , and more them double
the 1939 level.
Industrial expansion for both
civilian and defense needs and
the series of 1-million-plus homebuilding years were noticeable in
virtually all the States.
With
the over-all increase in employ
ment of almost 30 percent between
19^7 and 1951, individual State
increases reached more than 50
percent in many instances. The
only exceptions to this trend
were New Hampshire, Vermont, and
Nevada, where construction employ
ment approximated only 5,000
workers in each State.
Government
The liquidation of many
Federal establishments in the
immediate postwar period was off
set by increasing employment in
State and local government agen
cies, as thousands of school em
ployees were added to public pay
rolls. The Korean hostilities
expanded government activity,
particularly in arsenals, navy
yards, and atomic energy installa
tions. As a result, Federal em
ployment expanded 22 percent
between 19^7 and 1951* State and
local governments increased their
employment by 15 percent in the
same period.

Construction
The post-World War II con
struction boom achieved a magni
tude in 1950 and 1951 unparalleled
in the Nation's history.
Not
even the crest in wartime construc
tion in 19^2 could approach the
high levels of either 1950 or
1951 in the number of building




Every State reported a post
war increase in government employ
ment. Some of the largest in
creases occurred in those States
where the United States navy yards
are located, for example, in
California, Washington, and
Massachusetts. Other large in
creases were in States such as

11

New Mexico, Tennessee, and South
Carolina where atomic energy in
stallations are located, and in
such States as Indiana, Alabama,
and Georgia with their large
arsenals. Despite the presence
at Washington of the Naval Gun
Factory and the huge Federal
civilian establishment, the
District of Columbia reported a
gain of only 16 percent, slightly
below the national average.
Trade
During 1951 employment in
trade was at an all-time high,
and workers in wholesale and re
tail trade numbered 9*8 million
or 600,000 (7 percent) over 19*+7
and about one-half again as great
as in 1939 .
Within States, the heaviest
increases in employment occurred
outside the established centers
of trade. For example, the
largest States (300,000 or more
workers in trade in 1951 ) re
ported small gains which did not
exceed 6 percent over the 5 -year
period. In this group were
Massachusetts, New York, Penn
sylvania, Illinois, and California
(data for Michigan and Ohio not
available). The two major ex
ceptions to this generalization
were Texas and Missouri with ex
pansions of 20 and 1*4- percent,
respectively.
Among the intermediate-size
States (between 100,000 and 3^0,000
in trade employment), the heaviest
gain occurred in Maryland where a
vast new suburban trading area
sei*ves the increased needs of work
ers employed in the metropolitan
Washington, D. C., area. Other
States reporting substantial in
creases were Arizona, the Carolinas,

12




Indiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and
Tennessee.
Transportation and
Public Utilities
This group showed virtually
no employment change between 19^7
and 1951 * The figures in combina
tion, however, concealed the down
trend in interstate railroads on
the one hand, and expansion in com
munication and other public utili
ties on the other. Seven of the
nine New England and Middle Atlan
tic States, reported postwar
declines; most of the remaining
States outside these regions had
moderate expansions.
Finance and Service
All States for which data
were available showed substantial
postwar increases in the finance
group, attributed mostly to
accelerated growth in banks and
insurance companies. Increases in
service employment were consider
ably more modest.
HOURS AND EARNINGS
Hourly Earnings Up 29
Percent in 5 Years
The level of average hourly
earnings for manufacttaring workers
in a State and locality is deter
mined largely by the complexity of
industrial composition, occupational
structure, degree of unionization,
and previously established regional
patterns. In general, hourly earn
ings in the Northern and Western
States exceeded those in the South
(chart Hi). The highest average
hourly earnings in manufacturing
were reported in Oregon, where the
average was $1 .9^ (in 1951 ), almost
double that in Mississippi, where

cr\
rH

Chart H I.

GROSS AVERAGE HOURLY EARNINGS IN MANUFACTURING
By State, 1951

A V E R A G E H O U R LY EA R N IN G S

vm
wm

$1.00

to

1 .24

1.25

to

1.49

1.50

to

1.74

1.75

to $1.99

D a ta not a v a ila b le for District of Co lum b ia,
K entu cky, O h io a n d W est V irg in ia .
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS




the average was the lowest in the
country. In both States, lumber
and wood products dominate the manu
facturing employment pattern, in
Oregon with 58 percent of the
State's total and in Mississippi
with 37 percent of the State's
total.
The trend of average hourly
earnings for the country as a whole
went through three distinct phases
in the 19^7-51 period. In the
first phase, 1947-48, upward
pressures on wage? were clearly
evident as average hourly earnings
increased from $1.17 in January
19^7 to $1.1*0 in December 19^8, a
gain of about 20 percent; overtime
was not a factor in the increase
because the average workweek
actually declined during this time.
The second phase, beginning
with 19^9 and ending just before the
outbreak of Korean hostilities, was
a period of leveling and consoli
dating gains; hourly earnings in
creased only 5 cents— to $1.^-5 in
June 1950. Because the workweek
increased by one hour the gain
would have been even smaller if
overtime payments had been ex
cluded. Not reflected in these
figures, however, are the indirect
but relatively substantial advances
during 19^9 in the form of pension
and welfare benefits. The Fair
Labor Standards Act in early 195°
tended to raise earnings in many
Southern States.
Korean hostilities touched
off a third phase in the earnings
trend as hourly earnings rose to
$1.61* by the close of 1951> an in
crease of 19 cents per hour or 13
percent. Part of the increase was
due to the somewhat larger propor
tion of workers employed in durable

14




goods production in 1951 as
pared with 1950*

com

Wage scales are traditionally
higher in the "hard-goods" indus
tries. For example, in .1951 average
hourly earnings in this group of
industries averaged $1.68 as com
pared with $1.48 in the nondurables.
A considerable amount of premium
pay for overtime in the durables
was another factor in inflating the
average hourly earnings for the
country as a whole.
Nevertheless, the greatest
factor in the post-Korean hourly
earnings trendy particularly in
1950, were bonafide wage increases
provided through collective bar
gaining agreements. The last
quarter of 1950 was characterized
by unusual wage activity as both
employers and unions tried to anti
cipate the wage stabilization dead
line of January 25, 1951* During
1951, hourly wage increases in the
automobile, farm equipment, elec
trical machinery, and similar in
dustries reflected the effect of
escalator clauses tied to the BLS
Consumers * Price Index.
There were very small
differences among the States in
the trend of hourly earnings
between 19^9 and 1951* For the
29 States reporting continuous
data in this period, the increase
in only 4 of them fell outside the
13- to 17 -percent range; the in
crease for the country as a whole
averaged 14 percent.
Workweek Extended ThroughOut 5^Year Span
Expansion in the length of
the workweek was coincident with
the increase in hourly earnings

and contributed to its higher
level through overtime premium
payments. Workers in manufacturing
during 1951 were employed an aver
age of 40.7 hours weekly, a slight
increase over 1950 and the highest
yearly average in the post-World War
II period.
In any plant the average
weekly hours per worker are likely
to fall below the scheduled work
week by 1 l/2 to 2 hours because
of absenteeism, turn-over, etc.}
therefore, it is clear that the
average scheduled workweek in
each of the five years since 1946
included from 1 to 2 hours of
overtime.
The State trends after 1947
reflected, in general, the high
level of output in the immediate
postwar period, the "inventory
recession" of late 1949 and early
1950, and the post-Korean civilian
buying and military output boom.
The average length of the manufac
turing workweek in the various
States is influenced by customary
practices in the different indus
tries as well as by the changing
business situation. In New York
State, for example, a strong down
ward influence on the State average
is always exercised by the apparel
industry where collective bargain
ing agreements specify workweeks
of less than 40 hours; in both
1950 and 1951, the average apparel
workweek did not exceed 35 hours.
In Florida, patterns in tiie food
industry make for a high State
average, somewhat irrespective of
current economic conditions; the
average workweek for that State
after 19^8> the first year data
were available, was never less
than 42 hours.
On the other hand, indus
tries in many States are extremely




sensitive to the prevailing level
of activity. Connecticut and
Wisconsin, for example, where
durable-goods production is domi
nant and most likely to be affected
by the defense impact, show widely
fluctuating workweeks in the postwar
period. In Connecticut, the spread
between 1949 and 1951 was as high
as 3*5 hours. Depressed conditions
in the textile industry in 1951
adversely affected the workweek in
Rhode Island, North and South
Carolina, and Georgia.
Weekly Earnings
3et New Records
Average weekly earnings
reached an all-time high of $67*40
by December 1951* a gain of 15 per
cent over June 1950# the month
Korean hostilities began. The 1951
average of $64.88 was also a yearly
record and almost a third greater
than in 1947; almost the entire gain
was due to an increase in hourly
earnings, because the average work
week was virtually the same in 1947
and 1951* When the gain was ad
justed with the increased cost of
living, however, a worker with three
dependents found that his weekly pay
increased slightly under 10 percent
in "real" purchasing power.
As in past years, the highest
weekly earnings were reported for
the West Coast, Rocky Mountain, and
Great Lakes Areas. Manufacturing
workers in Washington, Oregon,
California, Nevada, Indiana, and
Michigan earned between $74 and $80
by the close of 1951* The New
England, South Atlantic, and South
Central States were, with few ex
ceptions, consistently below the
national average. The chemicals
and petroleum industries in Texas
and Oklahoma were primarily respon
sible for the relatively high week
ly earnings in those two South
Central States.
15

INDEX OF PRODUCTION-WORKER EMPLOYMENT AND WEEKLY PAYROLLS
1947-49=100

1939

1940

1945

1950

1953
Prod u ction W o rk e rs O n ly

U N ITED S TA TE S d e p a r t m e n t o f l a b o r
B U R E A U O F LA B O R s t a t i s t i c s




A d ju sted to B e n ch -M a rk
D a ta Throug h 1 9 4 7 .

Industry Employment Report
IRON AND STEEL
Production-worker employment
in the iron and steel industry 1/,
recovering from the drop caused by
the industry-wide strike which ended
in August, had moved up to 567,000
in October. This figure was about
29,000 higher than at the outbreak
of Korean hostilities, and close to
the pre-strike level of 569*000 in
the first quarter of 1952. The in
dustry is now past the midpoint of
the largest expansion program in its
history. In October, steel was pro
duced at an annual rate of more than
115.000.000 ingot tons, compared
with the June 1950 level of around
98.000.000. By early 195^> capacity
is expected to reach 123,000,000 tona
As the industry continues to expand
in 1953, a small increase in employ
ment is expected.
To meet basic requirements of
the mobilization program, the Govern
ment took steps to regulate consump
tion of steel for civilian products.
An industry-wide expansion program
was adopted with a goal of 123 mil
lion tons of capacity on January 1,
195^— a capacity adequate to maintain
annual production of 120 million
tons. 2/ When completed, this ex
pansion will represent a growth of
more than 20 percent over the level
of June 1950. The goal of 120,000,000
tons may be regarded as the culmina
tion of an expansion which began in
early 1950. At that time there was
an increase in steel-making activity




because of improvement in general
business conditions and a steel shortage resulting from the strike of late
I9U9. At the beginning of the
Korean hostilities, the industry was
operating at a peak capacity of
99,000,000 tons. Output was higher
than at any time during World War II.
Production continued to rise through
the second half of 1950 and 1951During 1951 a total of
105,199,848 tons of steel were pro
duced, almost 8-1/2 million tons
more than the total for 1950. By
October 1952, 56 percent of the new
capacity planned In the expansion
program was completed and during
that month the industry produced
9,696,500 tans of steel, an all-time
high. This outpouring of steel may
be compared with the World War II
peak of 7*8 million attained in
March 19^4.
As production levels moved
steadily upward to new records,
employment also moved to new highs.
Although by the first quarter of
1952 (immediately before the industry
wide strike began) output was up 10
percent over mid-1950 levels, employ
ment gains were smaller. From
l/ Includes only blast furnaces,
steel works, and rolling mills.
2/ Seventh Quarterly Beport to the
President, by the Director of Defense
Mobilization, October 1, 1952, p.l4.

17

mid- 1950 levels of about 538,000
production workers, employment rose
steadily through 1950 and the first
half of 195I? leveling off at approxi
mately 570,000 workers. It remained
at about that level for the remainder
of 1951 aad until the beginning of the
strike in the second quarter of 1952.
By October, production-worker employ
ment of 567,000 was almost up to the
first-quarter level. Thus, the net
gain in employment from the outbreak
of Korean hostilities to the begin
ning of the labor dispute was about 6
percent, as compared with a produc
tion gain of almost 10 percent.
The difference in the rate of
increase was due to a number of
factors, the most important of these
being the change in the workweek.
Average weekly hours rose from 39*8
at the start of the Korean action to
40.8 in early 1952, and were at this
level in October 1952. Thus, while
employment rose 6 percent, the total
njanber of manhours worked in the
industry increased 9 percent, almost
as much as the production gain in the
corresponding period. Another factor
influencing the number of workers
needed to produce a given amount of
steel is the composition of the
finished steel shipments. The "lighter"
steel products (such as sheet, strip,
or tin plate) require more man hours
per ton to produce than do the
"heavier" products (plates, bars, or
structural shapes). Shifts in the
relative importance of the two classes
of products affect the tonnage output
per man hour. During the last 2 years
there has been a small change in the
pattern of finished steel shipments.
The lighter products, requiring
relatively more man-hours, have de
clined as a proportion of the total.
A continuing increase in the relative
importance of the heavy products in
1953 is expected to increase the
number of tons produced per man-hour

18




worked. A third factor limiting em
ployment growth is the increased
technical efficiency of the new facil
ities already installed in this peri
od and the withdrawal of a small
amount of older, less efficient
equipment.
In the coming year, the net
effect of these factors is expected
to limit the growth of employment to
minor changes around the present
level. Further changes in product
mix tending towards the heavier pro
ducts will result from the increased
proportion of output to be used in
military items in 1953* The installa
tion of new facilities will increase
the relative importance of more effi
cient facilities. Therefore, although
a production rise of about ^ percent
is anticipated in the coming year,
employment is expected to rise only
slightly above the October 1952 level
of 567>000 workers.
The largest single addition to
the workforce will be made at the
United States Steel Corp. Fairless
Works at Morrisville, Pa., the only
new completely integrated plant which
has been built during the expansion
program. This plant, which in
October had not begun operations,
will employ about 5*000 workers and
produce about 1..8 million tons a year
Vhen in full operation. Most of
the other employment iacreases vhlch
have occurred or may be expected are
in existing centers of steel produc
tion where the industry has expanded.
The industry is concentrated
in the northern and eastern parts of
the United States. The PittsburghYoungstcwn area is the leading steel
center. Farther east are large
plants in Buffalo, N. Y.; Johnstown




and Bethlehem, Pa.; and Sparrows
Point (near Baltimore),Md. The
Great Lakes region has many important
steel centers, particularly in the
Chicago and Cleveland areas. Much
of the steel-making in the South is
done in the Birmingham area. In the
far West, mills are located in
Geneva and Provo, Utah, and in
Fontana, Calif. About three-fourths
of the workers in the industry are
employed in five States:
Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois,
and New York.
The working force of the
industry is predominantly male, re
flecting in part the heat and the
great physical demands of much of
the production work. About 6 per
cent of the workforce are women
who are in offices and in the less
physically demanding plant jobs
such as sorting and inspecting tin
plate. The proportion of Negroes
in iron and steel plants is higher
than in most manufacturing industries;
they constitute about one-eighth of
the plant workers. Although a large
number of Negroes work on the labor
gang and in other unskilled jobs,
many are employed in semiskilled and
skilled occupations.
In recent months earnings in
the industry have been at all-time
record levels. In September 1952,
production workers in blast furnaces,
steel works, and rolling mills earned
on the average $87 -5^ for a workweek
of 14-1.0 hours. In the same month,
the average for all manufacturing
industries was $70 .0^ for ^1.3 hours
of work. Average hourly earnings in
iron and steel and in manufacturing
generally were $2,135 and $1 ,696,
respectively.

19

EMPLOYEES IN NON AGRICULTURAL ESTABLISHMENTS
BY MAJOR INDUSTRY DIVISION
Millions

U N ITED S TA TE S D E P A R TM EN T OF LA B O R
BU R E A U OF LA B O R S T A T IS T IC S




Millions

Current Employment and
Payroll Statistics:
Table U Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments
By Industry Division
(In thousands)
Year
and
month

Total

Contract
con
Mining
struction

Manufac
turing

Transporta
tion and
public
utilities

Trade

Finance

Service

Govern
ment

Annual
average:
1 9 3 9 ..
1 9 4 0 ..
1 9 4 1 ..
19 4 2 ..
1 9 4 3 ..
1 9 4 4 ..

3 0 ,2 8 7
3 2 ,0 3 1
3 0 ,184
3 9 ,6 9 7
4 2 ,0 4 2
4 1 ,4 8 0

845
910
947
983
917
883

1,1 5 0
1 ,2 9 4
1 ,7 9 0
2 ,1 7 0
1 ,5 0 7
1 ,0 9 4

10 ,078
10,780
12,974
15 ,051
17 ,381
1 7 ,111

2,9 1 2
3 ,0 1 3
3 ,2 4 8
3,4 3 3
3 ,0 19
3 ,7 9 8

0,012
0 ,9 4 0
7 ,4 1 0
7 ,3 3 3
7 ,1 8 9
7 ,2 0 0

1 ,3 8 2
1,4 19
1 ,4 02
1,4 40
1,4 0 1
1 ,3 74

3 ,3 2 1
3 ,4 7 7
3 ,7 0 5
3 ,8 5 7
3 ,9 19
3 ,9 34

3 ,9 8 7
4 ,1 9 2
4 ,0 2 2
5 ,4 3 1
0 ,0 4 9
0,020

1 9 4 5 ..
1 9 4 6 ..
1 9 4 7 ..
1 9 4 8 ..
1 9 4 9 ..
1 9 5 0 ..

4 0 ,0 0 9
4 1 ,4 1 2
4 3 ,3 7 1
4 4 ,2 0 1
4 3 ,0 0 0
4 4 ,1 2 4

820
852
943
981
932
904

1 ,1 3 2
1,001
1 ,9 8 2
2 ,1 0 5
2 ,1 5 0
2 ,3 1 8

15 ,302
14,401
15 ,247
15 ,280
14 ,140
1 4 ,884

7 ,5 2 2
8,002
9 ,1 9 0
9 ,4 9 1
9 ,4 3 8
9 ,5 2 4

1 ,3 94
1 ,5 8 0
1 ,0 4 1
1,7 10
1 ,7 03
1,8 1 2

4 ,0 5 5
4 ,0 2 1
4 ,7 8 0
4 ,7 9 9
4 ,7 8 2
4 ,7 0 1

5 ,9 0 7
5 ,0 0 7
5,4 5 4
5 ,0 1 3
5 ,8 1 1
5 ,9 1 0

920

2,569

15.931

3 ,8 7 2
4 ,0 2 3
4 ,1 2 2
4 ,1 5 1
3,9 7 7
4 ,0 1 0

*6,72* 922
**6,956 917

2.809
2.768

16,008
16.039
15.965
15.890
15,913

1951..
1951

Aug..

Sept.
Oct..

*6 ,*01

*6,902

*ov.. *6,852
Dee..

iasi
Jan..
Feb..
Mar..
Apr..

Nay..

*7.663

*5#913
*5,899
*6#ooi

*6,299
*6,329

June.

*6,292

July.

*6,006

Aug.

Sept.
Oct..

*7 , 12*

*7,727
*7.826

917
917
916

2.633

909
902
90*

2,308

896

893
81*
78*
897

885

870

See Explanatory Motes




2.761

2.518

2.316
2.296

2 . 1*16
2.522

2.663

2,722
2.781
2.761
2,699

15.776
15.859
15.869
15,795
15.654
15 ,wo
15.162
16,028
16,389

16.4-93

*,1**

9,804 1,883

4.190
4,166
4,165

9,641
9.781
9.893
10,109

1,91*
1,898

4.103
4.111
4,118
4.096
4,131
4 ,168

9.720
9.643

4,140

9.792
9.784
9.960

1,909
1.919
1.937
1.952
1,958
1,977
1,993
1,993
1,971
1.969

4.178
4,161

4,208
4,224

4,240

10,660

9,668

9.845
9.773
9,838

10,094

1,898

1,907
1.912

*,759

6,390

*,839
*,831
*,770
*,73*

6,401
6,544
6.532
6.497

*,671

6,509
6,490

*,7*8
*,796
*,837

6,551

*,702

*,667
*,681

*,855
*,8**
*,825
*,766

6,881

6,528

6,602

6,585
6,558
6.589
6,712
6,695

fend Glossary for definitions.

21

I n d u s t r y D a ta
Table 2: Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments
By Industry Division and Group

(In thousands)
Industry division and group

Oc t .

j

1952

Sept.

1952
Aug.

Oct*

Se p t .

TOTAL... 47,826

1*7,727

1*7,121*

1*6,902

1*6,956

870

885

897

917

917

102.2
62.6
33U.7
262.0
108.1

103.7
62.7
31*3.7
265.7
108.7

106.5
63.0
31*5.5
273.2
109.0

10U.3
67.2
367.0
268.7
109.3

103.7
67.9
366.5
269.1
109.5

MINING.................................

Bituminous-coal.•
Crude petroleum and natural gas production.

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION...................
N O N B U I L D I N G C O N S T R U C T I O N .......................

2,699

2,761

2,781

2,761

2,768

551

567

575

514*

55U

21*3.5
307.7

252.3
31U.5

257.1*
317.3

23U.5
309.6

21*0.1*
313.1

BU I L D I N G C O N S T R U C T I O N ..........................

2,ll*8

2,191*

2,206

GE N E R A L C O N T R A C T O R S .............................

879

898

908

91*1*

91*5

S P E C I A L - T R A D E C O N T R A C T O R S .....................

1,269

1,296

1,298

1,273

1,269

Plumbing and heating.......................
Painting and decorating....................

315.5
180.7
16U.8
608.0

313.6
191.0
168.7
622.1*

311.5
188.1*
168.5
629.7

2,217

31U.0
182.9
155.3
620.7

2,211*

308.1*
188.8
153.1*
618.6

MANUFACTURING...... ....................

16,1*93

16,389

16,028

15,965

16,039

D U R ABLE G O O D S ....................................
N O N D U R A B L E G O O D S .................................

9,336
7,157

9,190
7,199

8,916
7,112

8,91*2
7,023

8,913
7,126

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES.......

l*,2l*0

l*,22l*

1*,208

1*,166

1*,178

Other transportation and services.... .

2,901
2,950
2,925
2,915
2,929
1,1*1*0
1,1*22
1,1*07
1,391*
1,1*57
1,221
1,21*8
1,287
1,271
1,231*
136
138
lljl
135
H*1
692
680
662
6ia
631
706
696
701
707
693
92.6
92.0
81*.l
92.5
83.7
730
1*6.8

See Explanatory Notes
22




and Glossary for definitions*

729
681.9
1*6.1

735
688.1
1*5.5

697
61*8.5
1*7.5

696
61*7.8
1*7.1*

I n d u s t r y Data
Table 2: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments
By Industry Division and Group - Continued

(in thousands)
Industry division and group

1952
Oct,

Sept.,

1951
Aug.

Oct*

Sept.

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
(Continued)
Other public utilities.............. ........
Gas and electric utilities.......... .
Electric light and power utilities........
Gas utilities.............•••••••••••••••••
Electric light and gas utilities
combined............... .............
Local utilities, not elsewhere
classified.................. ...... .

560
535.1
238.0
120.5

566
51*o.i
21*0.3
121.1*

572
51*6.1
21*2.9
123.0

551*
528.7
236.2
118.U

557
531.7
236.2
118.8

176.6

178.1*

180.2

17U.1

176.7

25.1

25.5

25.9

25.0

25.1*

TRADE.......... . ...... ............. ............

10,091*

9,960

9,781*

9,893

9,781

Wholesale trade......... ........ .............

2,655

2,61*1

2,637

2,622

2,591*

Retail trade........................ ...........
General merchandise stores.................
Pood and liquor stores.....................
Automotive and accessories dealers.........
Apparel and accessories stores.............
Other retail trade................ «•••••••••

7,1*39
1,592
1,311
751*
572
3,210

7,319
1,507
1,293
71*7
555
3,217

7,11*7
1 ,1*10
1,287
752
501*
3,191*

7,271
1,550
1,281
71*8
561
3,131

7,187
1,1*87
1,271*
751*
51*1*
3,128

FINANCE............................ .............

1,969

1,971

1,993

1,898

1,898

Banks and trust companies..................
Security dealers and exchanges.............
Insurance carriers and agents..............
Other finance agencies and real estate....

U95
65.2
715
69U

1*91*
65.2
716
696

500
65.7
725
702

1*67
63.7
682
685

U66
63.1*
68U
685

1*,766

U,825

l*,81jit

1*,770

U,831

1*25

1*63

505

U37

1*73

36U.5
163.3

365.2
160.1

369.1
156.2

360.0
159.3

362.1
157.1*

21*3

21*5

21*1*

21*1*

21*7

GOVERNMENT......................................

6,695

6,712

6,589

6,532

6,51*1*

Federal 1/.............. ........ ...... .
State and local..............................

2,389
1*,306

2,1*07
1*,305

2,1*18
1*,171

2,322
!*,210

2,336
1*,208

SERVICE................. ........... .............
Hotels and lodging places................. .
Laundries.......... ......................
Cleaning and dyeing plants.......... ......
Motion pictures............................

If

Fourth class postmasters are excluded here but are included in Table 6.




Industry Data
Table 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries
(In thousands)
All employees

Production workers

Industry group and industry

Oct*

Sept.

1952

1952

Aug*
1952

Aug.
1952

Oct.

Oct.

Sept.

1951

1952

1952
-

-

-

Oct.

1951

870

885

897

917

-

METAL MINING......................

102.2

103.7

106.5

10fc.3

88.7

90.1

92.8

91.8

Iron mining............. *.........

38.8

27.8
19.7

38.9
29.8
19.9

38.2

Lead and zinc mining..............

38.2
27.8
19.4

27.9
20.9

34.0
23.6
16.7

3*.7
23.6
16.9

3*.6
25.6
17.2

34.2
24.3
18.2

ANTHRACITE........................

62.6

62.7

63.0

67.2

58.8

59.0

59.3

63.2

B1TUM1NOUS-COAL...................

33*-7

3*3.7

3*5.5

367.0

311.6

318.6

321.0

3*3.0

CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS
PRODUCTION.......................

262.0

265.7

273.2

268.7

M IN ING ...................................................

Petroleum and natural gas production
(except contract services).......

NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING___

-

-

108.1

108.7

-

109.0

-

109.3

-

-

-

-

128.9

131.0

135.8

127.7

93.5

94.0

9*.5

95-5

MANUFACTURING.......................................

4*93

4389

4028

15,965

13,337

13,246

12,886

12,997

DURABLE GOODS.....................
NONDURABLE GOODS..................

*336
7,157

9,190
7,199

8,916
7,112

8,9*2
7,023

7.553
5,784

7,*17
5,829

7,1*6
5,7*0

7,296
5,701

ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES.........
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS........

Dairy products....................
Canning and preserving...........
Grain-mill products..............
Bakery products...................
Confectionery and related products.
Miscellaneous food products......

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.............

81.1

81.3
1,629

1,712

298.0
142.2
251.3
134.3
29*.8
47.4
103.5
218.5
139-*

299.3
147.8
338.9
134.9
294.2
31.7
100.6
224.2
140.2

99
27.7

79.6
1,682
294.1
155.*
307.7
135.9
28.7
93.7
235.6
135.2

99

95

96

91

28.1

26.6
42.0

25.1
40.9

*3.1

28.0
42.2

Tobacco stemming and redrying....

16.0

16.0

12.8

Yarn and thread mills...............
Broad—woven fabric mills............
Knitting mills........ .
Dyeing and finishing textiles......
Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings .
Other textile-mill products........
See E x p la n a to r y No tes and G lo s s a r y

24




1,243

11.8

1,234

165.8
554.4
248.1
90.9
48.3
135.6

for definitions.

298.7
144.7
263.4

1,233

291.6
46.1
106.3
221.5
140.3

296.1

43.2

TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS...............

1,644

60.8

235.*
99-*
225.9
99.6
19*.3
*1.5
86.3
146.2
104.3

Cig ars........ ...................

11.8

59.0

165.3

553.2

244.7
89.8
49.5
131.8

11.7
1,215

163.4
549.4
240.7
88.1
44.9
j.28.0

131.3

11.7
15.8

1,228
161.3
578.0
228.4
84.7
*9-5
126.4

10.1

14.9
1,1*7
I 55.O
523.9
227.8
80.5
41.4
II8.5

60.7
1,312
236.5
104.2

59.1
1,279

231.8

1U.3

*6.9
1,25*

236.3

193.9
26.6

19*. 0
23.8

150.9
104.5

160.0
100.1

102.8
238.1
97.9
195.1
40.2
89.2
150.0
104.8

87

89

3H.1
100.4
83.8

91
25.5

40.8

10.1
14.7

1,138
15*.6
522.2
224.6
79-5
42.2
115.2

280.3

101.2

76.9

25.5

39.9

10.1
11.8
1,120
153.0
519.2
220.7
rr.9
37.*
111.6

24.0
39.8
10.2

14.8
1,133

150.5
5*6 .2
208.5
7*.9
41.6
110.8

Industry Data
Fable 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries - Continued
(in thousands)
All employees

ProductA on workers

Industry group and industry

Oct.
1952
APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE
PRODUCTS........................
Men's and boys' suits and coats....
Men's and boys' furnishings and work
clothing...........................
Women's outerwear..................
Women's, children's under garments..
Millinery..........................
Children's outerwear.... ,..........
Pur goods and miscellaneous apparel..
Other fabricated textile products...

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS.(EXCEPT
FURNITURE)......................
Sawmills and planing mills.........
Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated
structural wood products..........
Wooden containers..................

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES............
Household furniture................
Other furniture and fixtures.......

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS..........
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills...
Paperboard containers and boxes....
Other paper and allied products....

PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED
INDUSTRIES......................
Newspapers.........................
Periodicals........................
Books...............................
Commercial printing................
Lithographing......................
Other printing and publishing......

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS......
Industrial inorganic chemicals.....
Industrial organic chemicals.......
Drugs and medicines................
Paints, pigments, and fillers......
Fertilizers........ .
Vegetable and animal oils and fats..
Other chemicals and allied products.




1,186

Sept.
1952

1,185

Aug.
1952

1,170

142.0

143.2

141.2

274.5
318.3

271.4
325.4
107.5

Oct.
1951

1,138

130.6

256.2

255.3
282.7

252.7

248.9
292.4
93.1
19.3
63.5

237.5

785

791

53.1
462.5

470.4

69.0

78.1

474.0

471.4

116.3

116.7

116.1

115.2

74.1

73.2

58.8

58.6

73.0
58.5

77.0

360

354

251.9
IO8.3

108.1

497
243.0
141.6

1,019

127.5

765

66.4

1,050

Oct.
1951

129.0

148.6

99.2

1,064

Aug.
19*52

127.6

152.0

21.6
69.4
98.2

1,062

Sept.
1952

144.2

267.9
326.4
104.8
21.7
69.5
94.5
144.2

110.6
20.2
69.1

Oct.
1952

305.5
99.7

98.8
18.1
63.0

290.9

95.8
19.3
63.3

270.1
89.8

21.1
63.6
102.2
IU5.2

129.2

86.6
126.5

83.2
122.1

123.3

803

701

721

727

740

49.3
^31.5

437.4

65.5
441.8

74.2
*39-3

100.6
67.6
52.2

100.0
67.3
51.9

100.0
71.1

61.1

87.4

100.1
68.1
52.3

63.0

18.7

58.1
91.0

5*. 9

346

337

309

303

295

289

239.7

229.8
107.3

221.4

106.2

215.8
87.6

209.5
85.8

201.2

489

488

488

416

4io

408

413

244.9
133.6

2*6.3
131 .4

207.5

205.8

112.2

240.9
137-1
111.3

113.9

110.4

117.9
90.5

209.2
110.5
88.5

212.3
110.7
90.2

781

771

767

769

522

514

509

517

307.3
55.7
53.4

305.1

306.6

300.7

54.5

54.5
50.9

15^.7
3^.9

36.6
1660 4

153.6
34.2

152.8

55.4

155.2
35.^
37.2
169.3
31.9

36.2
165.0

31.5

30.3
89.5

245.7

109.6

87.8

90.0

87.9

35.5
36.7
168.9
32.9
90.5

52.6
203.0

52.2
201.0

206.3

117.6

40.6
114.6

39.2
113.8

42.1
114.6

768

759

745

763

535

526

513

544

83.7
231.3

59.8
169.9
68.4
*7.9

60.0
168.0
68.2

60.1
168.1

61.2
172.1
69.9
48.1

*7-7

42.2
114.3

69.4
47.1
23.5
32.7

206.0
40.9

83.3
235.9
109.7
75.0
33.3
61.3

169.2

83.6

84.2

233.7

233 .^

73.9
33.6
55.5

110.9
74.0
30.7
45.6

110.0

168.3

166.6

107.9

75.1
32.7

64.5
168.2

92.6

26.1

115.0

90.1

47.2

26.5

112.3

25.8
52.0
114.4

Industry Data
Table 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries - Continued
(In thousands)
All employees
Industry group and industry

PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.....
Petroleum refining..................
Coke and byproducts................
Other petroleum and coal products...

RUBBER PRODUCTS...................

Other rubber products..............

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS.......

Footwear (except rubber)...........
Other leather products.............

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS....
Glass and glass products...........
Cement, hydraulic...................
Pottery and related products.......
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Other stone, clay, and glass products.

Oct.
195?

Other primary metal industries.....

26




Oct.
1952

Aug.

Oct.

1952

1952

1951

269

203

203

205

197
153.6
24.8

282

284

227.7

228.6

230.4
22.8
30.7

215.4
22.1
31.1

158.7
19.3
24.9

159.1

160.6

24.7

19.3
24.6

216

22.8
31.0

22.7

30.8

19.2

19.0

277

273

269

269

220

120.1
31.2

119.3
29.8
120.1

115*0

125.6

120.1
30.3
122.6

31.1
122.9

93.5
25.5
101.0

395

395

397

359

355

355

357

320

46.2
247.5

251.5

45.8
254.8
96.0

42.6
224.0
92.5

41.7
224.0

41.4
228.2

201.4

89.0

85.5

41.2
231.9
84.2

100.9

*5-9
97.6

93-4
24.6

98.0

212
92.3
24.0
95-5

215

89.8
25.5
99.4

38.1
80.8

551

546

543

559

465

462

458

479

153.1
43.6
88.8
53.2

151.9
*3.1

146.7

106.8

127.1
37.0
81.6
46.8
84.5
81.0

128.2
37.1

107.1

133.1
37.0
78.7
47.5
85.5

132.5

52.1
102.0

146.6
43.6
91.4
52.3
101.8

102.9
109.2

89.8

1,354

1,304

43.3
93.2
56.8
103.1
115.4
1,349

83.0

1,164

36.6

80.1
46.4
84.9
81.4
1,155

1,110

84.7
51.1
87 .0
91.0
1,160

269.2

655.4
268.6

625.3
260.7

655.6
280.4

567.0
237.2

565.9

539-5

228.9

569.7
248.7

56.0

56.5

57.7

56.3

M6.1

46.7

47.7

47.2

104.8

102.9

100.1

115.8
160.5

110.8

98.5

149.7

94.0
128.4

81.1
91.9
120.7

90.8

157.6

108.3
149-7

85.3
97.2
131.1

83.4

112.8

123.4

972

988

842

820

783

809

48.9
152.7

43.0
121.3

*5.9
119.3

44.5
112.1

126.6

148.6
234.2

127.9
192.1

125.2

120.8
187.8

120.2
181.7

170.1

158.6
199.1

149.3
191.2

136.1

233.2

142.9
194.5

656.4

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)......... 1,034
Tin cans and other tinware.........
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware...
Heating apparatus (except electric)
and plumbers’ supplies............
Fabricated structural metal products .
Metal stamping, coating, and
engraving. ................ .......
Other fabricated metal products.....

Oct.
1951

Sept.

1952

Aug.

282

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES........... 1,363
Blast furnaces, steel works, and
rolling mills......................
Iron and steel foundries............
Primary smelting and refining of
nonferrous metals..................
Rolling, drawing, and alloying of
nonferrous metals.................

Sept.
1952

Production workers

1,008

50.1

48.5
147.6

51.5
145.3

137.9

158.1
250.8

155.5
245.9

244.9

189.7

179.6
230.6

166.8
221.1

239.O

151.2

236.4

188.6

181.8

80.1

42.9

Industry Data
Table 3: AM Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries - Continued
(In thousands)
All employees

Production workers

Industry group and industry

MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL).
Engines and turbines................
Agricultural machinery and tractors..
Construction and mining machinery....
Metalworking machinery..............
Special-industry machinery (except
metalworking machinery).... .*.......
General industry machinery..........
Office and store machines and devices
Service-industry and household machines
Miscellaneous machinery parts.......

ELECTRICAL MACHINERY................
Electrical generating, transmission,
distribution, and industrial
apparatus...........................
Electrical equipment for vehicles...«
Communication equipment.............
Electrical appliances, lamps, and
miscellaneous products.............

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT............
Automobiles.....................,. .. .
Aircraft and parts..................
Aircraft............................
Aircraft engines and parts.........
Aircraft propellers and parts.......
Other aircraft parts and equipment. .. .
Ship and boat building and repairing..
Ship building and repairing..,,.....
Boat building and repairing........
Railroad equipment...............
Other transportation equipment......

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATEO PRODUCTS.....
Ophthalmic goods....... .............
Photographic apparatus....,.........
Watches and clocks..................
Professional and scientific
instruments............ ............

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTUR ING INDUSTR!ES.
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware. ..
Toys and sporting goods....... .....
Costume jewelry, buttons, notions....
Other miscellaneous manufacturing
industries..........................




Oct*

Sept.

Aug.

Oct.

Oct*

Sept.

Aug.

1952

1952

1952
1,560

1951

1952

1952

1952

1,611

1,206

1,185

1,181

1,585
98.4
145.6

1,564

309.7

97.4
137.9
127.1
309.8

95.4
147.3
127.1
309.0

95.1
187.8
124.8
294.3

71.8
104.8
96.3
245.3

70.9
97.5
95-7
246.0

185.4
235.4
108.1
180.6
19M

184.9
234.1
107.3
173.4
191.7

189.1
236.6
106.9

196.7
236.9
107.2

137.O
166.7

207.4

140.9
154.2

136.1
165.0
87.8
134.2
151.5

963

944

764

411.6

79.3
400.9

368.2
74.6
383.0

369.1
82.3
346.0

146.0

142.8

137.4

146.9

127.2

1,023

383.4
82.0

1,725
835.8
652.4
427.9
135.1
14.8
74.6
151.3
131.2

20.1

71.8
13.3
336

1,000

377-^

1,668
810.8
621.0
401.2
132.5
14.5

72.8

152.7
132.4
20.3
70.4
12.8
332

166.6

181.8

1,549
674.3
639.0
425.7
129.1
14.2
70.0
151.8
131.1
20.7

71>8
12.3

329

161.0

1,511

70.2
145.6
94.3
231.9

139.4

87.7
127.7
145.1

148.9
171.3
90.4
123.5
165.7

743

708

707

273.8
65.2
307.1

268.7
62.8
297.1

259.2
58.3
280.7

265.0
67.2
257.5

117.8

114.5

109.5

117.7

88.6

1,367
691.2
474.7
311.5
95.4

5*.3
118.9
306.2
12.7
77-4

57.1
133.2
115.3
17.9
56.8

11.5

11.3

310

1951
1,242

68.7
105.5
95.6
244.4

807.1
496.2
339-8
90.3

11.8

Oct.

10.7

246

1,311
664.1

445.5
286.9
92.9
10.4
55.3
135.1
117.0
18.1
55.2
10.9
242

166.6

1,192

1,205

115.4

667.4
362.1
248.7
62.4
8.3
42.7
103.7
92.5

18.4
56.5

62.2

525.3
465.9
312.0
90.0

10.2

53.7
133.8

10.4

238

11.2
9.7

228

27.4
62.3
35.0

21.5
46.6
34.0

21.3

21.3

22.3

46.7
33.0

47.0

38.7

26.5
67.4
37-3

31.7

44.2
29.5

203.5

200.4

197.7

185.6

143.5

140.5

137.6

132.3

513

498

479

471

428

414

395

390

26.8

26.5

66.2

66.6

39.9

47.9
90.9
59.1

57-8

44.1
84.7
55.6

315.2

305.O

294.7

46.6

88.1

47.6
72.1

53.4

39.2
80.3
49.2

38.0
77-4
48.1

35.6
74.1
45.8

38.6
62.4
44.4

297.8

259.1

250.1

239.9

244.8

27

E m p lo y m e n t and P a y r o l l s
Table4: Indexes of Production W orker Employment and W eekly Payrolls
in Manufacturing Industries

(191*7 -191*9 Average = 100)
Production-worker
employment index jy

Period

Production-worker
pay-roll index 2/

Annual average:
1939.....................
1940 ......... ......
1941 ........... .........
1942......... ...........
1943. * ........ ..........
19 4 4 .............. ,.....

66.2
71.2

29.9
3^.0
^9.3

87.5
103 .s
121.4
118.1

1945 .....................
1946........... .........
1947............. .......
1948 .....................
1 949.....................
1 950.....................

72.2
99.0

102.8
87.8
81.2

104.0
97.9
103.4

97.7
I05 .I
97.2

102.8
93.8
99.2
105.4

1951......................

111.2
129.2

1951
August,...................
September..... .
Ofetober...................
November.................
December...... ...........

105.7

1252
January........... .
February................ ..
March......................
April............. .
May............. .
June................... .
July.......................
August........ ........ .
September........ ....... .
October............. .
If

128.4
130.9

105.8
105 .I

129.8
129.8

104.3
104.4

132.9

103.2
10; .6

131.0

130.4

103.6
102.9
101.8

131.9

128.1
128.1
126.4

99.7

.

_

......

97.5
104.2
107.1
207^.8 _____ ______

121.1
133.3
141.7
. . .

.

.

.........

Represents number of production and related workers in manufacturing expressed
as a percentage of average monthly production worker employment in 1947-1949
period.

2 / Represents production worker average weekly payroll expressed as percentage of
average weekly payroll for 1947-1949 period.
Aggregate weekly payroll for all
manufacturing is derived by multiplying gross average weekly earnings by pro
duction worker employment.

28




Shi pbuilding
Table5: Employees in the Shipbuilding and Repairing Industry
by Region jy

Region

Oct,

(In thousands)
1952
Sept._

... ...

1951
Oct.

Aug.

Sept.

ALL REGIONS............

261*.1

266.4

266.4

234.8

231.7

P R I V A T E ..............

131.2

132.*

131.1

106.2

104.3

N A V Y .................

132.9

13*.0

135.3

128.6

127.4

NORTH ATLANTIC.......

126.3

127.8

127.9

108.4

107.6

Private............
Navy................

65.8
6O.5

66.5
61.3.

66.2
61.7

50.7
57-7

50.7
56.9

SOOTH ATLANTIC.......

44.6

44.8

45.2

41.9

41.7

20.2

20.1
2 M

20.2
25.0

17.6
24.3

17.5
24.2

21.3

21.4

20.8

13.9

14.2

PACIFIC...............

60.4

60.7

60.4

58.4

56.5

Private............
Navy................

12.4
48.0

12.7
48.0

11.8
48.6

11.8
46.6

10.2
46.3

7.0

7-3

7.6

7.3

6.8

4.5

4.4

*.5

4.9

*.9

Private............
N avy................

24.4

GULF:
Private............

GREAT LAKES:
Private............

INLAND:
Private........... .

u
The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the
following States:
Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont.
The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the
following States:

Florida, Georgia, Horth Carolina, South Carolina,s.ud Virginia.

The Gulf region includes all yards bordering on the Gulf of Mexico in the fol
lowing States:
Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas.
The Pacific region includes all yards in California,

Oregon,

and Washington.

The Great Lakes region includes all yards ^ordering on the Great Lakes in the
following States:
Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania,
and Wisconsin.
The Inland region includes all other yards.




29

Federal Governi|ient
Table 6: Federal Civilian Employment in All Areas and in Continental United States and Total
Government Civilian Employment in the District of Columbia
(In thousands)
Employment
(as of first of month)

Area and branch
Oct.

1952
Sept.

1951
Aug.

Oct.

Sept.

ALL AREAS

2,592.2

2,610.1*

2,621.5

2,5 1 M

2,528.7

2,579.6
1,3*6.7
516.0
716.9
8.7
3.9

2,597.7
1,352.9
515.8
729.0
8.8
3.9

2,608.9
1,358.2
515.8
73M
8.7
3.9

2,502.8
1,279.*
*95.7
727.7
8.2
3.9

2,516.7
1,277.2
1*96.0
7*3.5
8.1
3.9

TOTAL FEDERAL....................

2,*07.7

2,1*25-9

2,l»37.l

2,3*1.5

2,355.3

2,*13.3
1,228.0
513.6
671.7
8.8
3-8

2,1*21*.6
1,233.7
513.6
677.3
8.7
3.8

2,329.*
1,166.1
*93.6
669.7
8.2
3.9

2,3*3.*
1 ,16k.k

Judicial....*.................

2,395.2
1,221.0
513.8
660.1*
8.7
3.8

TOTAL FEDERAL....................

CONTINENTAL
UNITED STATES »*/

k$k.o

685.0
8.1
3.8

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
TOTAL GOVERNMENT.... .............

269.6

271.8

271*.3

27*.0

278.0

0. C. GOVERNMENT................
TOTAL FEDERAL £/................

20<,1*
2*9.2

20.1
251.7

19.6
251*.7

20.3
253.7

20.0
258.0

239.7
88.*
8.1
1*3.2
8.7
.8

2U2.1
89.O
8.1
1U5.0
8.8
.8

2l*5.2
89.9
8.2
11*7.1
8.7
.8

2kk.Q

2*9.2
87.*
7.8
15*.0
8.1
.7

^

86.6
7.7
150.5
8.2
.7

Includes all executive agencies (except the Central Intelligence Agency), Government corporations, Federal
Reserve Banks, and mixed-ownership banks of the Farm Credit Administration, Civilian employment in navy
yards, arsenals, hospitals, and on force-account construction is included in total for executive agencies*

Of Covers civilian employees of the Department of Defense (Secretary of Defense, Army, Navy, and Air Force)*

National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Canal Zone Government, Selective Service System, National
Security Resources Board, National Security Council, and War Claims Commission.
—^ Includes fourth-class pos^masters, excluded from Federal total in table 2.
—f Includes the 48 States and the District of Columbia,

—^ Includes all Federal civilian employment in Washington Standard Metropolitan-area (District, of Columbia
and adjacent Maryland and Virginia counties).

30




State Data
Table 7: Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments by Industry Division,
by State
(In thousands)
Total
State
Oct.
Alabama .
%/.................
Arizona ..................
California ...............
Colorado.................
Connecticut ...» .........
Delaware..................
District of Columbia .....
Florida . l/..............
Georgia............ . ...
Idaho ....................
Illinois.................

Sept.

New York .................
North Carolina ...........
North Dakota.............
Ohio X/..................
Oklahoma .................
Oregon ..l/...............
Pennsylvania .............
Rhode Island .*/..........
South Carolina .j/........

South Dakota ............
Tennessee ..............
Texas ..................
Utah.....................
Vermont ..................
Virginia.................
Washington ...............
West Virginia............
Wisconsin................
Wyoming .................

1951

1952

1951

Oct.

Oct. I Sept,

Oct.

Oct. I Sept.

Oct.

21.6
12.2
7.0
3*.9
11.5
(?/)
-

-

-

-

(3/)
6.9
*.5

20.5
77.1
*5.7

21.0
76.6
*6.*

21.9
7*.5
*8.7

5 .*
*2.7
15.3
3.6
19.0
56.9
28.7
.6
2.9
(3/)

9.9
182.*
66.2
3*.7
*0 .*

10.2
189.0
68.3
36.1
*0.2

12.2
182.9
71.1
38.0
*2.9

52*.5
735.7
858.6

(3/)
6.8
*.2

1*2 .*
1*1.1
1*1.1
3,35*.* 3,3*3.2 3,310.6
1,381.7 1,383.0 1,369.0
6*0.0
637.0
635.9
551.8
551.6
525.7

5.2
38.9
1*.9
3.5
18.2
50.5
30.3
.6
2.9
(3/)

5.2
38.2
15.1
3.6
18.3
50.8
29.9
.6
3.0
(3/)

-

-

-

522.3
765.6
875.0

-

-

68*.0
660.1
67*. 1
280.1
286.5
282.7
772.8
753.0
779.7
1,797.0 1,793.7 1,793.5
_

Minnesota................
Mississippi ..............
Missouri.................
Montana..................
Nebraska..l/ .............
Nevada.*/................
New Hampshire.............
New Jersey..]/............
New Mexico...............

1952
20.2
12.7
6.7
35.1
12.0
(2/)
(3/J
6.9
*.2

518.3
779.8
876.0

.

8*6.2

85*.1

-

837.0

>-

Contract Construction

1951

688.1
688.7
665.7
182.8
199.3
196.9
318.2
323.9
315.1
3,808.9 3,791.9 3,627.2
1*27.2
*08.3
*30.5
850.0
837.7
8*6.7

-

Maryland ................

Mining

1952

-

1,288.9 1,285.8 1,250.0
15*.6
158.*
157.3
3*8.8
3*8.9
339.*
62.5
6*.7
59.7
17*.8
173.3
173.3
1,821.9 1 821.6
172.2

19.1
12.6
6.5
3^.5
12.1
(2/)
-

38.0
17.1
18.6
253.6
31.7
**.9

*2.1
17.0
22.8
252.9
32.6
*5.0

39.0
13.5
25.*
2*5.2
32.2
**.5

-

-

-

57.9
13.9
56.8
67.3

56.8
l*.6
58.5
71.0

5*. 7
17.2
57.5
80.9

-

_

.

_

_

_

19.1

19.3

19.0

*3.9

*3.9

*6.7

-

-

-

-

-

-

9.5
10.8
(3/)
3.0
.1

9.*
10.7
(2/)
3.1
.1

9.5
10.1

68.6
12.*
21.*
5.7
6.9
100.2
15.2

67.0
12.2
21.0
5.3
7.7
103.1
15.0

k.6

k.6

k.6

15.2

15.2

13A

68.0
11.*
21.0
5.2
6.9
99.5
13.9

125.8

12.1
3.2
1.8
25.0
*1.*
1.3
160.1
(3/)
1.2
2.0

12.0
3.2
1.8
25.1
*2.2
1.*
162.7
(3/)
1.2
2.0

11.9
3.*
1.1
26.1
*3.5
1.3
17*.*
(3/)
1.2
2.1

2*3.3
76.6
10.1
163.9
31.1
27.0
175.0
18.9
61.7
8.5

2*6.7
80.*
11.*
172.0
31.6
29.1
178.5
19.3
62.8
8.8

251.5
69.8
9.8
159.3
33.7
28.5
18*. 3
16.9
*6.3
11.2

806.6
788.8
803.9
2,202.9 2,198.6 2,121.8
220.0
213.0
101.6
888.7
882.8
756.0
766.0
513.8
519.0
532.2
1,076.0 1 088.8 1 060.8
86.7
86.1
89.3

10.3
122.0
13.*
1.1
20.2
2.8
106.*
3.9
9.2

10.6
12*.1
12.1
.7
21.0
2.8
110.2
*.1
9.6

11.8
11*. 1
13.6
1.2
22.0
2.9
121.*
*.0
10.0

53.0
165.5
1*.6
*.1
5*.0
*6.8
19.0
57.1
7.2

52.7
163.3
l*.6
*.l
58.7
*7.8
19.6
58.3
7.6

52.3
17*.1
13.7
3.5
61.7
50.8
19.8
57.2
7.*

,

6,019.8
1,017.1
117.1
3,017.6
518.2
*6*.*
3,758.5
306.6
532.9
12*.0

1,765.6
173.1 162.7
6,011.5 5,87*.*
1,012.9 983.8
117.8
11*. 8
3, 016.0 2,972.3
511.2
517.*
*85.8
*68.6
3,7*9.9 3,73* .7
305.*
295.1
53*.0 505.3
12*.3

223.0
99.9
889.9

,

99.1
7*5.*

,

1 .2
.3

See footnotes at and of table.




31

Table 7:

Employees in N onagricultural Establishm ents by Industry Division,
by State - Continued

(in thousands)

State
Alabama.1/..........
California..........
Connecticut....... .
Delaware.......... .
District of Columbia. .
Florida
.........
Georgia............

.1 /

Idaho..............
Illinois ...........
Indiana ............
Ioira .1/...........
Kansas.............
Louisiana ..........
Maine .............
Maryland...........
Massachusetts .......
Michigan ...........
Minnesota...........
Mississippi.l/ . . ...
Missouri ...........
Montana............
Nebraska .1/.........
Nevada ............
New Hampshire.......
‘New Jersqy..1/.......
New Mexico.........
New Tork ...........
North Carolina ......
North Dakota........
Ohio .1/...........
Oklahoma ...........
Oregon. .1/..........
Pennsylvania........
Rhode Island........
South Carolina .l/. . . .
South Dakota.......
Tennessee..........
Texas..............
Utah...............
Vermont............
Virginia...........
West Virginia.......
Wisconsin ..........
Wyoming....... .....

Manufacturing
1952
1951
Oct. 1 Sept.

Oct.

233.8
236.5
29.0
29.8
81.8
81.9
1,039.9 1,028.3
71.8
72.6
*29.3
62.1
6*.2
17.2
17.*
111.8
113.3
310.5
309.3




56.1
20.7
31.*
3*1.1
*5.6
*2 .1

56.0
20.6
30.9
3*0.2
*5-7
*2.3

32.5
72.2
72.8

32.*
71.6
73.2

55.8
19.8
31.6
326.9
*3.7
*1.7
31.8
69.3
70.5

27.6
28.9
25.9
1,256.0 1,2**.6 1,2*5.*
616.*
636.5
639.5
165.6
172.1
171.3
1*0.6
1*0.*
12*.8
1*5.8
150.0
1*5.5
162.6
155.0
1*5.6
120.9
122.7
117.7
269.6
258.6
277.6
717.6
72*.3
730.9

17.6
303.*
107.9
61.5
68.5
60.3
85.2
19.3
75.0
116.9

17.7
303.7
107.5
61.8
68.5
60.5
86.0
19.5
75.8
116.6

17.3
305.0
109.5
61.1
66.0
61.3
85.3
19.0
72.6
116.*

(5/) 1,090.8 1,073.8
207.7
98.0
98.1
95.3
*05.0
370.2
*0*.3
20.0
20.5
19.5
61.6
62.0
56.8
*.0
3-7
3-9
81.6
81.3
80.7
839.8
805.0
8*2.2
16.*

95.7
2 6.6
133.*
23.6
**.6
9.1
10.6
152.0
19.*

96.6
26.7
133.9

**.7
9.2
10.7
152.2
18.8

96.*
27.1
131.6
23.*
**.0
8.9
10.7
1*5.6
18.0

2,052.1 2,039.9
4*8.1
***.6
*36.2
6.6
6.*
6.5
1,356.9 1,3*9.5 1,31*.9
81.6
77.0
80.7
159.0
1*2.5
152.3
1,507.9 l,*9*.l 1,*«2.9
1*0.2
1*6.1
1*7.6
220.8
220.3
217.5
12.2
11.3
11.5

51*.*
63.2
1*.2
2*1.0
50.a
*9.8
35*.2
16.3
28.*
10.3

512.8
62.3
1*.*
2*2 .0
50.0
*9.7
35*.2
16.5
28.1
10.*

51*.7
59.*
1**2
2**.8
50.2
*8.5
356.5
16.*
26.7
10.2

265.2
*09.6
3*.5
38.2
2*8.3
200.6
137.*
*57.0
7.1

62.3
23*.*
22.9
8>3
88.8
69.0
55.2
76.0
16.2

61.7
233.6
23.3
8.6
88.7
70.0
55.*
76.1
16.2

61.6
226.8
21.5
8.6
88.8
69.0
56.6
75.7
16.0

431.5

2lJ.*

277.9
*25.9
3*.2
39.5
253.6
207.5
136.1
*62.7
7.2

227.*
25.7

8*.0

950.3
70.1
*26.7
57.5
17.*
105.9
306.0

223.5

16.5

See footnotes at end of table*

32

Trans. and Public Util.
1952
1951
Oct. 1 Sept.
Oct.

15.1
1,95*.2

277.3
*23.9
36.0
38.0
250.5
212.8
137.5
*75.6
7.0

-

-

-

23.8

Trade
1952
Oct. | S«pt.
1*0.1
*9.6
75.7
866.6
106.3
1*0.3
96.6
230.6
188.*

97.0
221.2
187.5

36.2
708.6
273.8
16*.8
128.7
117.3
151.0
*9.9
150.2
376.2

699.5
270.8
16*.3
128.9
117.2
1*8.7
*9.8
1*5.8
373.2

.
211.9

209.0

-

323.0
39.1
95.8
13.2
29.8
300.*
39.0

137.7
*8.7
7*.9
858.3
106.8
138.2
-

35.6

-

319.*
39.2
9*.9
13.7
29.8
299.5
38.7

1951
Oct.
130.5
*5.6
76.8
839.0
103.1
136.9
-

97.3
217.5
18*.2
36.0
699.*
275.9
168.5
125.2
119.1
150.6
*9.8
1*9.3
370.3
.
210.5
325.*
37.7
9*.9
12.5
30.1
29841]
37.1

1,270.5 1,255.7 1,255.6
186.1
18*.1
189.7
37.0
36.7
36.3
566.2
56*.6
560.7
126.1
128.5
127.9
106.0
107.2
109.9
683.8
680.1
692.3
52.6
53.7
53.3
96.9
97.3
93.9
36.6
38.1
36.9
182.8
585.1
*8.3
18.0
195.1
171.8
86.2
219.8
18.6

180.*
582.2
*8.5
18.1
193.2
172.1
8*.8
216.3
18.7

176.0
558.6
*7.1
17.7
189.1
168.*
86.6
218.1
18.0

State Data
Table 7: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
by State - Continued
(In thousands)

State

Finance
1952
Oct. | Sept.

1951
Oct.

20.0
6.2
8.5
166.3
16.4
*0.9

19.2
5.9
8.3
158.3
15.5
39.6

19.8
6.3
8.4
166.6
16.5
*0.9
Delaware........... . . . ..

Illinois..... ..........
Iowa.1/.................

Massachusetts ........ .
Michigan................
Mississippi .l/...........
Missouri..............
Montana.................
Nebraska .1/.............
Nevada .
..............
New Jersey. .lj...........
New Mexico..............
New York................
Ohio .1/.................

Rhode Island ..4/.........

Texas ..................
Utah...................
Vermont.......... .
Virginia.6/..............

%oming .......................................................

Service
1952
Oct. | Sept.
56.0
2*.0
36.7
*72.0
62.9
83.1

Government
1951
1952
Oct. | S*pt.
Oct.
123.0
38.5
56.0
637.1
81.9
67.7
12.1
269.6
131.3
1*1.6

122.9
38.7
55.9
638.8
82.3
67.9
12.1
272.2
131.*
1*1.6

116.7
37.9
5*.0
615.1
78.6
66.*
11.6
273.9
123.7
137.8

-

-

23.2
36.2
29.2

23.2
35.7
28.9

22.7
33.2
27.4

58.7
112.3
83.6

59.1
110.*
83.9

55.5
22.2
36.8
457.4
53.6
81.9
59.5
104.7
79.5

3.8
155.5
40.2
25.6
17.9
16.4
21.8
7.1
33.1
84.8

3.8
157.1
40.3
25.8
17.9
16.5
22.1
7.1
33.1
84.2

3.7
151.7
38.4
24.5
17.0
15.9
21.3
6.8
31.4
81.2

1*.5
362.6
93.9
73.9
5V.0
63.3
70.1
25.*
78.1
196.1

1*.6
363.9
93.*
75.0
5*.*
62.1
70.3
26.5
78.3
199.1

14.8
348.8
95.7
71.0
51.6
59.8
70.7
25.5
76.3
194.1

26.3
3*7.0
1*8.2
10*.2
83.3
90.9
105.1
*5.6
107.1
231.*

26.*
3*7.3
1*8.1
10*.0
83.2
90.9
105.3
*5.7
107.6
232.0

25.8
33*.7
1*6.8
99.1
79.2
87.7
103.2
*3.5
10*.*
219.7

_

99.7

.
97.8

238.5
12*.*
69.2
1*6 .1
28.*
63.2
12.0
20.8
190.2
39.*

230.9
121.7
67.2
1*6.*
28.0
61.7
11.*
20.*
179.3
37.5

-

-

-

.

-

.

37.6
8.2
55.5
4.7
17.6
1.4
4.8
60.8
5.6

37.8
8.2
56.1
4.7
17.5
1.4
4.8
60.8
5.5

37.3
7.8
54.6
4.4
16.6
1.2
4.6
60.6
4.6

404.0
25.0
4.0
86.3
19.0
15.7
124.2
11.5
11.7
4.4

403.7
24.9
4.0
87.2
19.1
15.7
125.3
11.7
11.6
4.5

400.8
23.1
3.7
84.2
18.4
15.4
120.7
11.1
10.5
4.2

24.8
93.7
6.7
3.1
28.2
27.5
10.4
34.6
2.0

24.7
93.3
6.9
3.0
28.3
27.7
10.7
34.5
2.2

24.0
81.8
6.5
2.9
28.5
26.9
10.3
33.5
1.8

55.5
2*.7
36.6
*69.5
60.5
82.5

1951
Oct.

-

-

-

1*8.6
18.9
*5.0
1*.8
18.7
172.3
23.*

148.0
19.7
45.3
15.6
20.4
m .3
23.9

145.3
18.8
44.4
13.5
18.8
168.7
22.0

238.5
12*.*
69.3
1*5.9
28.3
63.2
11.9
20.8
190.1
39.2

801.0. 816.4
88.6
88.8
12.8
12.9
25*.7 253.9
56.8
57.0
52.1
52.1
355.3 360.8
23.8
24.4
39.6
39.*
l*.9
15.3

784.6
86.9
13.0
263.8
54.9
50.2
355.0
23.9
38.7
15.0

722.3
122.7
30.8
325.2
109.*
68.8
389.*
3*.8
72.9
35.5

72*.*
122.5
30.7
325.6
109.1
68.9
390.*
3*.8
73.0
35.5

701.1
120.9
29.6
312.9
107.*
66.*
380.9
33.3
70.5
33.0

76.4
250.4
21.5
11.5
80.6
85.4
41.5
97.5
11.9

76.5
239.7
20.4
11.3
81.1
80.7
41.2
94.0
9.9

119.7
327.*
59.1
16.0
168.5
1*7.1
59.*
126.*
16.0

120.1
327.8
59.8
16.0
168.9
1*7.*
59.3
126.*
16.1

121.*
317.1
55.8
15.6
163.3
1*6 .1
58.9
121.3
15.9

100.2

75.8
2*8.9
20.7
11.*
80.3
83.5
*1.1
95.6
10.3

1/ Revised series; not strictly comparable with previously published data. 2/ Mining combined with
construction. 3/ Mining combined with service, 4/ Government estimates and affected totals revised; not
strictly comparable with previously published data. 5/ Hot available. 6/ Federal employment in Maryland
and Virginia portions of the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area included in data for District of Columbia.




33

Table 8: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas
(in thousands)

Number of Bnplovees
Oct.
ALABAMA
Birmingham
Mining...............
Manufacturing....... .
Mobile
Manufact ur ing....... .

Sept.

78.3
23*.2
201.1

75.3
227.9
193.1

18.1

17.5

1*.3

Sacramento
Manufacturing..........

13.1

13.2

12.9

San Diego
Manufactur ing.........

49.6

50.2

*1.1

898.8
1.5
65.9
190.8
101.5
199-6
5*.3
107.5
177.7

902.5
1.5
65.3
196.5
102.3
197.9
54.7
106.9
177.4

886.3
1.5
63.3
189.0
99.4
197.6
52.3
105.6
177.6

San Jose
Manufacturing•

29.7

38.*

3*.5

Stockton
Manufactur ing.

16.5

17.2

16.9

1.2
19.9
*5.2
26.8
63.5
11.4

1.2
20.6
44.9
26.8
62.9
11.5

1.3
21.4
43.8
26.0
61.1
10.6

(2/)

115.5
5.7
66.9
5.0
18.3
2.3
9.8
7.7

Tucson
Total............... .
Mining.............. .
Contract construction,
Manufactur ing....... .
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade............... .
Finance............. .
Service............. .
Government.......... .

*5.1
1.5
5.2
8.5
5.0
10.0
1.3
6.*
7.2

**.7
1.6
5.2
8.*
*.9
9.8
1.3
6.2
7.3

39.6
1.7
3.3
6.5
*.9
9.3
1.1
6.0
6.8




77.5
235.6
201.4

62.0

85.6
.2
7.9
13.0
8.8
2*.6
*.0
11.1
16.0

34

Oct.

15.7
59.8

90.5
.2
7.8
1*.8
9.8
26.2
*.2
11.3
16.2

San Francisco-Oakland

Contract construction....
Manufactur in*...........

COLORADO
Denver
Contract construction...•

(2/)

m
(2/)
(i/)
(2/)
m
(£/)
( 2/)

1*.7

68.*
6.8
13.0
7.1
17.3
3.7
9.0

11.7

13.1

Trans, and pub

util....

67.2

7.*
12.6

6.9
17.2

3.6
8.7
10.9

13.*

17*7.3 1708.* 1630.2
15.8
16.2
15.9
103.7 103.1 105.3
60*.9 573.0 520.1
125.3 12*. 2 119.6
373.0
383.1
378.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Sept.

1*.9
60.*

92.1
.2
7.9
15.2
9.9
26.8
*.3
11.8
16.0

CALIFORNIA
Fresno
Manufacturing.......

1951

Oct.
Los Angeles - Continued
Finance.... ...........
Service...............
Government............

1*.2

ARKANSAS
Little Rock-N. Little
Rock
Total............... .
Contract construction,
Manufacturing....... .
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade............... .
Finance............. .
Service l/.......... .
Government.......... .

1952

Area

Oct.

ARIZONA
Phoenix
Total............... ,
Mining.............. .
Contract construction,
Manufacturing....... .
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade............... .
Finance............. .
Service............. .
Government.......... .

Los Angeles
Total................
Mining..............
Contract construction
Manufacturing.......
Trans, and pub.'util.
Trade...............

Number of Employees

-- 1555--- r w

Area

CONNECTICUT
Bridgeport
Total
Contract construction l/,
Manufacturing.......
Trane. and pub. util.
Trade.................. .
Finance..................
Service.......... .......
Government............. .
Hartford
Total.................. ,
Contract construction l/,
Manufacturing..... .
Trans. and pub. util.
Trade........ ...... .....,

(2/)

(2/)

m
(2/)
<a/>

(2/)
(2/)
(2/)

(2/)

m
<£/,)
(2/)
(2/)

(2/)
G/>
(2/)
(2/)
(2/)
(2/)
(2/)

(2/)
(2/)
(2/)
(2/)
(2/)

192.8

9.*
79.2
7.3
37.2

Area Data
Table 8: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
( i n th o u san d s)

Number of Employees

Area

Oct.
COHHECTICUT - Continued
Hartford - Continued
Finance................
Service................
Government.............
Wev Britain
Total..................
Contract construction l/
Manufacturing..........
Trans, and pub. util....
Trade..................
Finance........ ........
Serrice................
O o T o r o M & t ......................

New Haven
Total..................
Contract construction l/
Manufactur ing..........
Trans, and pub. util*...
Trade..................
Finance................
Service................
Government.............

Number of Employees

1555--- ri55r

(2/)

a/)

(2/)

| Sept.

(2/)
(2/)
(2/)

Area

Oct.

23.8
19.7
16.3

(2/)
(2/)

Washington - Continued
Manufactur ing........
Trans, and pub. util..
Trade................
Finance..............
Service l/...........
Government.......... .
FLORIDA
Jacksonville 3/
Manufacturing........
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade................
Finance. ............. .
Service..............
Government...........

( 2/)

(1/)
(2/)

(W)
(2/)
(2/)

(2/)
(2/)

Miami
Manufacturing...........
Trans, and pub. util....

(S/)
(S/)
(2/)

GO
(
e/)

Service l/..............
Government..............

(2/)

1951

1952
Oct.

Sept.

Oct.

27.0
44.0
124.2
30.7
74.7
279.3

27.4
43.8
124.6
30.7
75.0
281.9

26.1
43.6
125.3
29.5
75.1
283.6

17.6

18.4
14.1
32.5
6.4

18.1

14.6
32.7
6.5
l
a¥.8
.

14.9
1^9

15.2

17.1
24.4
52.2
8.8
31.4
17.6

16.0
24.1
51.1
8.8
30.6
17.5

14.4
22.7
48.6
8.5
29.8
16.7

109.8
10.9
21.2
10.7
34.7
4.5
14.4
13.5

107.7
11.2
20.8
10.8
33.3
4.4
14.0
13.3

107.1
11.9
20.2
10.4
33.*
4.3
13.9
13.2

280.3
14.7
74.8
31.9
77.9
18.0
31.9
31.1

280.2
15.0
74.3
31.9
77.3
18.0
32.4
31.3

275.7
17.9
70.2
30.9
76.4
16.9
32.0
31.*

49.4
*.3
15.0
6.9
11.6
1.7

49.4
4.2
15.0
7.0
11.6
1.7

46.5
3.1
14.1
7.2
10.6
1.5

(2/)

(2/)

14.0
31.7
6.3

(2/)

Tanrpa-St. Petersburg
Stanford
Total..................
Contract construction l/
Manufacturing..........
Trans, and pub. util....
Trade..................
Finance................
Service................
Government..............

(2/)

(2/)
(£/)
(I/)
(2/)
(W)
(2/)
(2/)

(2/)
(£/)

Contract construction....
Manufacturing...........
Trans, and pub. util....

(2/)
(2/)
(2/)
(2/)

Service l/..............
Government..............

ao

(2/)

Vaterbury
Total..................
Contract construction l/,
Manufactur ing..........
Trans, and pub. util....,
Trade..................
Finance................
Service................
Government.............
DELAWARE
Wilmington
Manufacturing.......... .
DISTRICT OF COISMBIA
Washington
Total.............. .
Contract construction.,.,

GEORGIA
Atlanta
Contract construction....
Manufacturing............
Trans, and pub. util....

Service l/.......... .
Government..............
Savannah

55.0

J6.4

51.0
Contract construction....
Manufacturing............

Trans, and pub. util.,...
618.4
38.5

623.8
40.4

622.5
39.3

See footnotes at end of table*




35

Area Data
Tabk S: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(in thousands)
Number of Employees

Area
GEORGIA - Continued
Savannah - Continued
Serrice l/.
Government•

1952
Oct. 1 Sept,

135.
1
Oct.

5.2
*.7

*.7

*.7

20.2
1.7
1.7
2.8
6.2
1.2
2.9
3.7

20.3
2.1
1.6
2.7
6.0
1.2
2.9
3.8

19.8
2.0
1.*
2.6
6.3
1.1
3.0
3.*

Davenport-Rock Island"
Moline
ManufacturIng......

36.5

3*.o

*3.*

Peoria
Manufacturing......

H6.8

*7.1

*7-7

Rockford
Manufacturing......

HO.8

40.1

38o 3

IDAHO
Boise
Total..............
Contract construction..
Manufacturing........
Trane, and pub. util...
Trade..............
Finance.............
Service.............
Government..........

5-2

5.3

nxnrois

UDIAKA.
Evansville
Total.........
Manufacturing....
WonmanufacturIng.
Tort Wayne
Total.........
Manufacturing.
lTonmanufacturing.
Total................
Contract construction....
Manufacturing.........
Trade................
Other nonmanufacturing...
ICVA
Des Moines
Manufacturing.
See footnotes at end of table.

36




70.k
39.1
31.3
80.0
38.6

69.2
38.2
31.0

Area

60.9
29.5

31.*

80.9
39.8

*1.5

79A
38.1
Hi. 3

*1.1

278.8
11.6
111.2
27.0
65.O
1*.*
*9.6

278.5
13.5
110.1
26.7
63.6
1*.3
50.3

27*. 1
13.5
113.5
25.6
61.1
l*.l
*6.2

21.5

21.0

21.0

Number of Employees
_1952_
.1251Oct.
Sept.
Oct.

!AESAS
Topeka
Total..............
,
Mining............ .
Contract construction,
Manufacturing...... .
Trans, and pub. util..
Trade.............,
Finance........... .
Service........... .
Government........ .

*5.1
.2
3.5
5.6
8.1
9.6
2.1
*.9
11.2

**.8
.2
3.5
5.5
8.0
9.5
2.1
*.9
11.2

*3.0
.2
2.9
5.1
8.1
9.3
1.9
*.6
10.9

Wichita
Total...........
Mining..............
Contract construction,
Manufacturing....... .
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade.......... ..
Finance.... ...... .
Service..... ........
Government... .

117.0
1.9
5.1
57.0
7.2
23.6
3.9
10.6
7.8

116.7
2.0
5.2
56.6
7.1
23.6
*.0
10.6
7.8

Ul.*
2.0
7.1
50.7
7.1
23.3
3.8
10.1
7.5

LOUISIAEA
Baton Rouge
Manufacturing......
Finance............

18.9
1.5

19.0
1.5

18.0
1.5

New Orleans
Manufacturing......

52.5

51.6

*7.*

MADJB
Levi8ton
Total.............
Contract construction
Manufacturing........
Trans, and pub. util.
Trade.............
Finance.... ......
Service l/........
Government........

28.7
1.2
16.0
1.2
5.1
.6
3.5
1.1

29.0
1.1
16.3
1.2
5.1
.6
3.6
1.1

27.2
1.0
1*.8
1.2
5-1
.6
3.5
1.0

Portland
Total..............
Contract construction,
Manufacturing...... .
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade..............
Finance... ....... .
Service l/........ .
Government.... .

*9.1
2.7
12.8
5.9
13.9
3.0
7.*
3.*

*9.*
2.7
13.1
6.0
13.8
3.0
7.*
3.*

*9.6
3.5
12.7
5.8
13.8
2.9
7.5
3.*

Area Data
Table 8: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(In thousands)

Number of Employees
Area

1952
Oct. 1 Sept.

Oct.

MARYLAND
Baltimore
Total............... .
Mining.............. .
Contract construction...,
Manufacturing........ .
Trans, and pub. util....,
Trade...............
Finance............. .
Service............. .
Government...........
MASSACHUSETTS
Boston
Total...............
Contract construction...
Manufacturing........ .
Trans. and pub. util.
Trade...............
Finance............
Service.............
Government...........

539.3

.*

39.5
199.3
56.5
105.2
25.6
55.0
57.8

980.8

*7.7

305.*
75.7
229.9
61.9
126.9
133.3

538.6

*
ko..o
199.5
57.*
102.6

25.5
55.2
58.0

971.7

*8.2

302.9
7*.l

22*.7
60.9
127.3
133.6

529.2
.6

39.2
195.3
53.7
105.2

2*.*

5*.*
56.*

969.3
*7.5
300.0
73.1
233.0
60.*
125.3
130.0

Fall Biver
Manufacturing........

29.7

28.9

29.9

New Bedford
Manufacturing.........

32.3

31.9

3*.0

76.6

75.7

77.1

5*.6

5*.*

55.1

SpringfieId-Holyoke
Worcester
Manufacturing..........
MICHIGAN
Detroit
Manufacturing.........

(2/)

63*.7

628.*

MINNESOTA
Duluth
Contract construction....
Trans, and pub. util...

Minneapolis
Total................
Contract construction....

Number of Employees

Area

1951

*3.2
2.3
11.2
7.6
10.9
1.*
5.8
*.0

*2.5
2.1
10.8
7.6
10.9
1.*
5.7
*.0

*2.0
2.3
10.5
7.5
10.6
1.*
5.5
*.2

26*.7
1*.5
76.8

263.7
1*.5
76.6

259.9
16.2
72.3

1951
Oct.

Sept.

Oct.

Minneapolis - Continued
Trans, and pub. util..
Trade.............
Finance............ .
Service 1/.........
Government.........

26.7
76.2
17.1
29.0
2*.5

27.0
75.5
17.2
28.6
2*.3

26.0
75.5
17.2
28.7
2*.0

St. Paul
Total.............
Contract construction.
Manufacturing.......
Trans, and pub. util..
Trade.............
Finance............
Service l/.........
Government.........

1*7.1
7.2
*1.9
21.0
35.7
8.9
15.7
16.6

1*5.7
7.3
*1.6
21.1
3*.8
8.9
15.5
16.6

1**.7
7.6
*1.*
20.5
35.6
8.5
15.0
16.2

MISSISSIPPI
Jackson
Manufacturing...... .

(2/)

8.*

8.1

MISSOURI
Kansas City
Total..............
Mining............ .
Contract construction,
Manufacturing...... .
.Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade..............
Finance.......
Service... .
Government........ .

360.9
.8
18.5
110.2
*3.9
99.3
19.*
38.6
30.2

358.2
.5
18.9
109.9
*3.8
96.9
19.7
38.5
30.0

363.3
.9
23.6
106.*
*3.8
99.*
20.0
39.2
30.0

St. Louis
Manufacturing..... .

289.6

287.8

268.9

MONTANA
Great Falls
Manufacturing......
Trans, and pub. util.
Trade.............
Service */...........

2.9
2.7
5.3
2.9

2.9
2.7
5.*
3.2

2.8
2.7
5.*
2.9

1*2.6
8.7
31.2
2*„*
36.1
10.2
17.3
l*.6

1*3.7
8.8
32.7
2*.3
35.7
10.2
17.5
1*.5

1*0.*
8.2
30.9
23.1
36.*
10.1
17.6
l*.l

NEBRASKA

Omaha
Total.............
Contract construction
Manufacturing......
Trans, and pub. util.
Trade.............
Finance...........
Service l/........
Government........

See footnotes at end or table.




3?

A rea Data
Table 8: Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(in thousands)

Number of Employees

Number of Employees

Area

19p2
Oct. | Sept

NEVADA
Reno
Contract construction,
Manufacturing l/......
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade.............
Finance............
Service............
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Manchester
Total.............
Contract construction.
Manufacturing.......
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade.............
Finance............
Service............
Government.........

1.8
2.1
3.0
5.5
.8
5.0

*0.1
1.*
20.6
2.*
7.3
1.7
*.2
2.6

1.9
2.1
3.1
5.8
.8
5.8

JSSL.

Area
Oct

Oct.

1.7
1.6
3.2
5.*
.7
k.6

*0.3
1.3
20.9
2.*
7.2
1.7
*.3
2.6

39.1
1.5
19.7
2.3
7.2
1.6
*.2
2.6

Newark-Jersey City 5/
Manufacturing........

367.6 366.3

362.8

Pater8on 5/
Manufacturing........

Sept.

m .

Oct.

Elmira
Manufacturing.

17.0

16.6

17.3

Nassau and
Suffolk Counties 5/
Manufacturing.....

90.1

88.5

72.8

Nev York-Northeastern
Nev Jersey
Manufacturing......

18*3.1

Nev York City 5/
Total.............
Mining.............
Contract construction.
Manufacturing.......
Trans, and pub. util..
Trade.............
Finance............
Service............
Government.........

3690.1 3668.7 3623.*
1.8
1.8
1.7
102.2
116.*
105.5
107*.7 1067.3 1023.9
3*3.0 3*3.9
3**.l
8*1.6 831.O 836.2
335.8 335.3
33*.7
566.0
559.6 555.2
*2*.0 *25.3 *11.*

MifiW JJKRSjsi

1831.5 17*2.*

Rochester
Manufacturing.

112.2

173.6 172.8 150.*

Syracuse
Manufacturing.

62.5

61.* 60.6

111.2

107.5

Perth Amboy 5/
Manufacturing........

75.5

75.*

76.2

Utica-Rome
Manufacturing.

*3.5

*3.6

*5.8

Trenton
Manufacturing........

*5.0

**.7

*3.0

Westchester County g/
Manufacturing......

51.3

51.0

*5.6

NORTH CAROLINA
Charlotte
Contract construction.
ManufacturIng.......
Trans, and pub. util..
Trade.............
Finance............

5.8
22.1
10.1
2*.7
*.5

6.0
21.9
10.1
2*. 3
*.5

6.7
22.3
9.8
2*.2
*.2

NORTH DAKOTA
Fargo
Manufacturing......
Trans, and pub. util.
Trade.............
Finance...........
Service...........
Government........

2.2
2.*
7.3
1.1
2.7
2.6

2.1
2.3
7.3
1.1
2.7
2.6

2.0
2.3
7.0
1.1
2.7
2.6

OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City
Total.............

135.0

135.1

13*. 3

NSW MEXICO
Albuquerque
Total..............
Contract construction..
Manufacturing.......
Trans, and pub. util..,
Trade......... .....
Finance............
Service l/..........
Government..........

51.1
*.9
8.5
5.2
13.3
3.1
6.8
9.3

50.8
5.0
8.3
5.2
13.0
3.1
6.9
9.3

*6.9
*.9
7.2
5.1
12.*
2.3
6.*
8.6

NEW YORK
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Manufacturing... .....

90.7

89.8

88.7

Binghamton
Manufacturing.......

*0.*

*0.*

39.6

Buffalo
Manufacturing.......
See footnotes at end of table.

38




210.0

209.1

198.3

Area Data
Table & Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(In thousands)

Number of Employees

Area

--- 1955-----

1951"

Oct.

Oct.

OKLAHOMA - Continued
Oklahoma. City - Continued
Mining.................
Contract construction...
Manufacturing..........
Trans, and pub. util....
Trade............. .
Finance................
Service................
Government.............
Tulsa
Total..................
Mining.................
Contract construction...
Manufacturing.... ......
Trans, and pub. util....
Trade....... *..........
Finance................
Service................
Government.............
OREGON
Portland 3/
Contract construction...
ManufacturIng..........
Trans, and pub. util....
Trade..................

5.8
9.8
15.3
11.7
36.4
6.3
15.9
33.9
105.9
9.2
6.7
28.1

12.5
26.6
4.7
12.5
5.8

15.7
62.3
31.7
62.9

PKVKSTLYAKIA
Allentoim-BethlehemEastan
Manufacturing.... ......
Erie
Manufacturing..........
Harrisburg
Manufacturing..........

45.3
38.0

Sept.

5.7
10.3
15.0
11.7
36.4
6.4
15.8
33.9

5.7
10.5
15.7
11.2
35.8
7.1
14.8
33.5

105.3
9.1
6.6
27.4
12.5
26.8
4.7
12.5
5.7

99.9
9.5
7.1
22.9
12.1
25.8
4.5
12.2
5.7

16.3
65.8
31.8
64.2

102.3

43.9

48.3

43.8

42.7

Oct.

31.6

29.2

39.7

40.1

38.1

45.0

44.8

44.1

302.4
16.6
155.6
14.9
51.3
11.4
22.2
30.4

300.7
17.0
153.5
15.1
50.3
11.6
22.8
30.4

289.6
14.9
146.3
14.9
50.8
11.0
22.3
29.4

4.4
9.1
4.1
11.5
1.6

5.0
9.2
4.1
11.5
1.5

3.5
8.9
3.7
10.7
1.3

Columbia 3/
Manufacturing.........

8.0

8.0

7.9

Greenville 3/
Manufacturing.........

29.5

29.2

28.0

5.1
7.1
1.2
6.7

5.1
7.1
1.2
6.7

5.4
7.3
1.1
6.7

.2
43.7
4.8
17.7
3.0
9.7
7.9

.2
43.6
4.8
17.3
3.0
9.7
7.9

.2
41.3
4.9
17.4
2.9
9.6
7.8

2.8

2.8

2.6

Wilkes-Barre— Hazleton
York
RHODE ISLAND
Providence
Contract construction....
ManufacturIng.........
Trans, and pub. util...

Government............
SOUTH CAR0LHA
Charleston 3/
Contract construction....
Manufacturing.........

SOOTH DAKOTA
Sioux Falls

35.3
42.9

Philadelphia
Manufacturing..........

607.1

Pittsburgh
Mining.................
Manufactur ing..........
Trans, and pub. util....
Finance................

30.4
378.8
74.8
28.3

30.9
375.3
7^.5
28.6

32.1
372.7
76.0
27.2

TEMMESSXK
Chattanooga
Mining............
Manufacturing......
Trans, and pub. util
Trade.............
Finance...........
Service............
Government.........

Reading
Manufacturing..........

53.0

52.5

53.6

Knoxville
Mining.............

601.7

Sept.

30.9

Service 6/............
Lancaster
Manufacturing..........

1951

1952
Oct.

14.6
63.7
31.2
61.0

102.8

38.3

Number of Employees
Area

572.4

See footnotes at end of table.




39

Area Data
Table 8: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(in thousands)

Number of Employees

Area
TENHKSSEB - Continued
Knoxville - Continued
Manufacturing......
Trans, and pub. util.
Trade.............
Finance...........
Service...........
Government........
Memphis
Mining............
Manufacturing......
Trans, and pub. util.
Trade.............
Finance...........
Service...........
Government........
Nashville
Manufacturing.........

1952
Oct.
Sept.

*3.8
7.2
22.1
3.7
9.*
12.5

*1.3
7.0
21.3
3.6
9.5
12.8

.*

.*
*2.0
15.2
50.2

.*
*2.2
15.*
*9.3
7.7

20.9

22.3
21.3

22.6
20.5

35.2
12.3
2*.2
6.8
1*.2
13.0

3**9
12.2
2*.l
6.8
1*.2
13.1

3*.6
11.6
2*.0
6.2
1*.2
13.1

k2.k

15.13
51.0
.1

22.2

6.k

VERMONT
Burlington
Total..............
ManufacturIng........
Trans, and pub. util...
Trade..............
Service.............
Other nonmanufacturing.
Springfield
Total..............
Manufacturing........
Trams, and pub. util...
Trade..............
Service.............
Other nonmanufacturing.
1/
2/
3/
¥/
5/
6/

Oct.

**.3
7.2
22.1
3.6
9.*
12.7

103.0

Trans, and pub. util...

Area

7.1
15.9
12.2
30.2
5.1
12.1
13.9

103.0
6.5
7.0
15.7
12.*
30.2
5.1
12.3
13.9

(2/)

6.0

7.8
15.2

(2/)
28.8

38.7

38.*

38.6

276.0
12.6
76.3
28.1
70.9
1*.9
3*.5
38.7

278.0
13.1
75.8
28.7
71.*
1*.9
35.0
39.1

269.8
13.0
71.5
28.2
69.*
1*.7
33.9
39.1

Spokane
Total... ..........
Contract construction.
Manufacturing.......
Trans, and pub. util..
Trade.............
Finance............
Service l/.........
Government....... .

69.7
5.5
13.8
11.1
18.6
3.1
9.2
8.*

70.8
5.6
1*.3
11.3
18.5
3.1
9.7
8.3

69.6
5.*
1*.2
10.9
18.7
3.0
9.8
7.6

Tacoma
Total.............
Contract construction.
Manufacturing.......
Trane, and pub. util..
Trade.............
Finance............
Service l/.........
Government.........

72.1
*.5
18.6
6.7
1*.6
2.5
6.9
18.3

73.9
*.5
19.6
6.7
15.2
2.5
7.2
18.2

73.2
*.*
18.5
6.6
1*.9
2.*
7.0
19.*

WEST VIRGINIA
Charleston
Total.............
Mining............
Contract construction
Manufacturing......
Trans, and pub. util.
Trade.............
Finance...........
Service...........
Government........

9*.7
18.1
*.*
27.9
9.0
16.5
2.9
7.1
9.0

96.1
18.8
*.5
28.3
9.1
16.6
2.9
7.1
9.0

97.7
21.1
3.9
28.5
9.2
16.6
2.8
6.9
8.9

WISCONSIN
Milwaukee
ManufacturIng......

L92.5

191.7

196.6

22.6

22.2

2*.*

Manufacturing..........
WASHINGTON
Seattle
Contract construction....
Manufactur ing..........
Trans, and pub. util...
Service l/.............
Government.............

*.9
1 2 .0

(2/)

16.5
5.7

16.7
5.9

1.1

1.1

*.*

1.1

k.k

k.k

2.0

2.1

2.0

3.2

3.1

3.3

10.*
7.7
.2
.9
.5
1.1

10.*
7.7
.2
.9
.5
1.1

10.0
7.3
.2
.9
.5
1.0

16.0

5.2

Racine
Manufacturing.... «.

Includes mining.
Not available.
Revised series; not strictly comparable vith previously published data.
Includes mining and finance.
Subarea of Nev York-Northeastern New Jersey.
Includes transportation and public utilities, and government.

40




Number of Employees
_1952_
1SB1.
Oct.
Sept.
Oct.

VIRGINIA
Richmond

UTAH
Salt Lake City
Contract construction....

Igi-

Explanatory Notes

Section A.

Purpose and Scope of the BLS Employment Statistics Program -

Employment statistics for nonfarm industries presented in this
monthly Beport are part of the broad program of the Bureau of Labor
Statistics to provide timely, comprehensive, accurate and detailed infor
mation for the use of businessmen, government officials, legislators,
labor unions, research vorkers and the general public* Current employment
statistics furnish a basic indicator of changes in economic activity in
various sectors of the economy and are widely used in following business
developments and in making decisions in fields of marketing, personnel,
plant location and government policy. The BLS employment statistics pro
gram, providing data used In making official indexes of production,
productivity and national Income, forms an Important part of the Federal
statistical system.
The BI£ publishes monthly the national total of employees in
nonagricultural establishments, giving totals by 8 major Industrial
groups: manufacturing, mining, contract construction, transportation and
public utilities, trade, finance, service, and government. Series an "all
employees" and "production and related workers" are presented for the du
rable goods and nondurable goods subdivisions of manufacturing, 21 major
industry groups in manufacturing, over 100 separate manufacturing Indus
tries; all employees and production workers are presented also for
selected mining industries. "All employees" only are published for over
Industry groups in contract construction, transportation and public
utilities, trade, finance, service, and government. Statistics on the
number and proportion of women employees in manufacturing industries are
published quarterly. In addition, the Bureau of Labor Statistics pub
lishes monthly employment data by industry division for State and local
areas, compiled by cooperating State agencies.
Current national, state, and area statistics are published
monthly In the Employment and Payrolls Beport. Employment data for
thirteen months are presented in the Current Statistics Section of each
issue of the Monthly Labor Beview. Historical data are also presented In
the BLS Handbook of Labor Statistics (1950 edition). Summary tables
shoving national data for prior months and years may be obtained by
writing to the BLS Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics.
Similar information is available for States and areas. A detailed expla
nation of the technique of preparing employment statistics Is presented in
the Monthly Labor Beview, January 1950 and In BIS Bulletin Ho. 993,
Techniques of Preparing Major BliS Statistical Series.




41

Section B. Definition of Employment BLS employment statistics represent the number of persons
employed in establishments in nonagricultural industries in the continen
tal United States during a specified payroll period. Employment data for
nongovernmental establishments refer to persons who worked during, or re
ceived pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the
month. Current data for Federal government establishments generally refer
to persons who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the last
pay period of the previous month; for state and local government, persons
nho received pay for any part of the pay period ending on, or immediately
prior to. the last day of the current month.
Employed persona Include those who are working full- or parttime, on a temporary or permanent basis. Persons on establishment
payrolls who are on paid sick-leave, paid holiday or paid vacation, or who
work during a part of a specified pay period and are unemployed or on
8trike during the other part of the period are considered employed.
Persons an the payroll of more than one establishment during the pay
period are counted each time reported. On the other hand, persons who are
laid off or are on leave without pay, who are on strike for the entire pay
period, or who are hired but do not report to work during the pay period
are not considered employed. Since proprietors, self-employed persons,
and unpaid family workers do not have the status of "employee", they are
not covered by BLS reports. Persons working as farm workers or as domes
tic workers in households are not within the scope of data for nonagricul
tural establishments. Government employment statistics refer to civilian
employees only and hence exclude members of the Armed Forces.
Section C. Method of Preparing Employment Series The BLS prepares monthly employment figures from statistical
reports voluntarily furnished by a group of establishments and from indus
try benchmark data, i.e. a complete count of employees generally compiled
from establishment reports required in the administration of the unemploy
ment insurance and old age and survivors Insurance programs. Based on
establishment reports, employment statistics are prepared for numerous in
dustry classifications. Monthly employment data for each industry are
collected and prepared from these sources according to the methods out
lined in the following sections.
Section D. Collection of Establishment Reports The BLS, with the cooperation of State agencies, collects
current employment Information for most Industries by means of question
naires (BUS 790 Forms) mailed monthly to individual establishments. State
agencies mall most of the forms and whan returned, examine them for

42




Section D.

Collectiom of Establishment Reports (Continued) -

consistency, accuracy and completeness. States use the information to
prepare State and area series and send the schedules to the BLS Division
of Manpower and Employment Statistics for use In preparing the national
series. Each questionnaire provides space for reporting data for December
of the previous year and each month of the calendar year; the same form is
returned each month to the reporting establishment to be completed.
Definitions of terms sure described in detail in the instructions on each
form. This type of "shuttle" schedule is designed to assist firms to re
port consistently, accurately and with a minimum of cost* An
establishment is defined as a single physical location, such as a factory,
mine, or store where business is conducted. In the case of a company with
several plants or establishments, the BLS endeavors to obtain separate re
ports from each business unit vhich maintains separate payroll records
since each may be classified in a different industry.
Section E.

Coverage of Establishment Reports -

The Bureau of Labor Statistics obtains monthly reports from
approximately 150,000 establishments, distributed by industry as shown by
the table below. The table also shows the approximate proportion of total
employment in each industry division covered by the group of establish
ments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual
industries within the divisions may vary from the proportions shown.
APPROXIMATE SIZE AND COVERAGE OF MONTHLY SAMPLE
USED IN BLS EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL STATISTICS
Division or industry
Mining
Contract construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities:
Interstate railroads (ICC)
Other transportation and public
utilities (BLS)
Trade
Finance
Service:
Hotels
Laundries and cleaning and
dyeing plants
Government:
Federal (Civil Service Commission)
State and local (Bureau of Census quarterly)




:
Number
:
Employees
:
of
sNumber in :Percent
:e8tablishments: sample ::of total
3,300
19,500
k2,OOQ

776,000
10,660,000

55
28
66

—

1 ,1*06,000

96

13,000
58,500

b9
18

9,200

1,3*1,000
1,765,000
U39,000

1,300

139,000

29

2,200

99,000

19

—

2,336,000

100

—

2,61*5,000

65

502,000

23

43

Section F.

ClassIfication of Establishments Beports -

To preseat meaningful tabulations of employment data,
establishments are classified Into industries an the basis of the principal
product or activity determined from information an aimimi sales volume for a
recent year. In the case of an establishment making more than one product,
the entire employment of the plant is included under the Industry indicated
by the most important product. The titles and descriptions of Industries
presented in the 1<&5 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, Vol. I:
(U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Washington, D. C.) are used for classifying re
ports from manufacturing establishments; the 1<&2 Industrial Classification
Code, (U. S. Social Security Board) for reports from ncnmanufacturing estab
lishments .
Section G. Benchmark Data Basic sources of benchmark information are periodic tabulations
of employment data, by Industry, compiled by State agencies from reports of
establishments covered under State unemployment insurance lavs.
Supplementary tabulations prepared by the U. S. Bureau of Old Age and
Survivors Insurance are used for the group of establishments exempt from
State unemployment Insurance lavs because of their small size. For Indus
tries not covered by either of the two programs, benchmarks are compiled from
special establishment censuses: for example, for Interstate railroads, from
establishment data reported to the ICC; for State and local government, from
data reported to the Bureau of the Census; for the Federal government, from
agency data compiled by the Civil Service Commission. Establishments are
classified into the same Industrial groupings for benchmark purposes as they
are for monthly reporting.
Section H. Estimating Method The estimating procedure for industries for which data on both
all employees and production and related vorkers are published (i.e. manufac
turing and selected mining industries) is outlined below; substantially the
same method is used for industries for which only figures on either all em
ployees or production workers are published.
The first step is to determine total productlon-vorker employment
in the Industry in the benchmark period since neither of the social insurance
programs furnishes benchmark data for production vorkers. The all employee
benchmark figure is multiplied by the ratio of the number of production
vorkers to all employees. The ratio is computed from establishment reports
which shov data for both items for the benchmark period. Thus, if 75 firms
report In the benchmark period 25,(XX) production vorkers and an all-employee
total of 31,250, the production vorker - all employee ratio would be .80,
(25,000 divided by 31,250). If the all-employee benchmark is 50,000, the
production-vorker total In the benchmark period vould be .80 times 50,000 or
HO,000.

44




Section H.

Estimating Method (Continued) -

The second step is to compute the total productian-vorker
employment in the month following the benchmark period. The productianvorker total for the benchmark period is multiplied by the percent change
over the month in productian-vorker employment in a group of establishments
reporting in both months. Thus, if firms in the BLS sample report employment
of 30,000 production vorkers in March and 31,200 in April, the percentage in
crease would be % percent (1,200 divided by 30,000). The productian-vorker
total in April vould be 10^ percent of 1|0,000, the production-vorker total in
March, the benchmark month, or Ul,600.
The third step is to compute the all-employee total for the
Industry in the month following the benchmark period. The production-vorker
total for the month is divided by the ratio of production vorkers to all em
ployees. This ratio is computed from establishment reports for the month
showing data for both item. Thus, if these firms in April report 2^,000
production vorkers and a total of 29,600 employees, the ratio of production
vorkers to all employees vould be .81 (21*,000 divided by 29,600). The allemployee total in April vould be 51,358, (4l,6C0 divided by .81).
Figures for subsequent months axe computed by carrying forvard
the totals for the previous month according to the method described above.
When annual benchmark data become available, the BI£> employment figures for
the benchmark period are compared vith the total count. If differences are
found, the BLS series are adjusted to agree vith the benchmark count.
Section I. Comparability vith other Employment Estimates Data published by other government and private agencies differ
from BLS employment statistics because of differences in definition, sources
of information, and methods of collection, classification and estimation.
BLS monthly figures are not comparable, for example, vith the estimates of
the Bureau of the Census Monthly Report on the Labor Force. Census data are
obtained by personal intervlevs vith individual members of a sample of house
holds and are designed to provide information on the work status of the vhole
population, classified into broad social and economic groups. The BLS, an
the other hand, obtains by mall questionnaire data on employees, based an
payroll records of business units and prepares detailed statistics an the in
dustrial and geographic distribution of employment and on hours of vork and
earnings.
Employment estimates derived by tne Bureau of the Census from its
quinquennial census and annual sample surveys of manufacturing establishments
also differ from BLS employment statistics. Among the important reasons for
disagreement are differences In industries covered, In the business units
considered parts of an establishment, and in the Industrial classification of
establishments.




45

Section J. Eaglpyment Statistics for States and Areas State and area employment statistics are collected and prepared
by State agencies In cooperation vith the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The
names and addresses of these agencies are listed on the last page of the
Report. State agencies use the same basic schedule as the Bureau of Labor
Statistics in collecting employment statistics. State series axe adjusted to
benchmark data from State unemployment Insurance agencies and the Bureau of
Old Age and Survivors Insurance. Because some States have more recent bench
marks than others and use slightly varying methods of computation, the sum of
the State figures differs from the official U. S. totals prepared by the
Bureau of Labor Statistics. State and area data In greater Industry detail
and for earlier periods may be secured directly upon request to the appropri
ate State agency or to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

46




Glossary

All Employees

— In c lu d e s p ro d u ctio n and r e l a t e d w orkers as d e f in e d below and
w orkers engaged in the f o llo w in g a c t i v i t i e s :
e x e c u t i v e , p u rc h a s in g , finance.,
acc o u n tin g , l e g a l , p e rso n n e l ( in c lu d in g c a f e t e r i a s , m e d ic a l, e t c . , ) , p r o f e s s i o n a l
and t e c h n i c a l a c t i v i t i e s , s a l e s , s a l e s - d e l i v e r y , a d v e r t i s i n g , c r e d i t c o l l e c t i o n ,
and in i n s t a l l a t i o n and s e r v i c i n g of own p ro d u c ts , r o u t in e o f f i c e f u n c t i o n s ,
f a c t o r y s u p e r v i s i o n (above the working foreman l e v e l ) .
A ls o in c lu d e s employees
on the e s t a b lis h m e n t p a y r o l l engaged in new c o n s t r u c t i o n and major a d d i t i o n s or
a l t e r a t i o n s to the p la n t who a r e u t i l i z e d as a s e p a r a t e w o rkfo rce ( f o r c e -a c c o u n t
co n stru ctio n w o rke rs).

Contract Construction

— C o v ers only firm s engaged in the c o n s t r u c t i o n b u s in e s s on
a contract b a sis for o th e rs.
F o rce -a cco u n t c o n s t r u c t i o n w o rk e rs, i . e . , h i r e d
d i r e c t l y by and on the p a y r o l l s of F e d e r a l , S t a t e , and l o c a l government, p u b l ic
u t i l i t i e s , and p r i v a t e e s t a b li s h m e n t s , a r e exclu d e d from c o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t io n
and in clu d e d in the employment f o r such e s t a b l is h m e n t s .

Durable Goods

— The d u ra b le goods s u b d i v i s io n in c lu d e s the f o llo w in g major ind us
t r y groups:
ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ; lumber and wood p roducts (except f u r n i 
t u r e ) ; f u r n i t u r e and f i x t u r e s ; sto n e , c l a y , and g l a s s p r o d u c t s ; primary m etal
i n d u s t r i e s ; f a b r i c a t e d m etal p roducts (except ordnance, m ach in e ry, and t r a n s 
p o r t a t io n equipm ent); m achinery (except e l e c t r i c a l ) ; e l e c t r i c a l m ach in e ry;
t r a n s p o r t a t io n equipment; in stru m e n ts and r e l a t e d p ro d u c t s ; and m is c e lla n e o u s
m anufactu ring i n d u s t r i e s .

Finance -

Covers e s t a b lis h m e n t s o p e ra tin g in the f i e l d s of f in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and
r e a l e s t a t e ; e x clu d e s the F e d e r a l Reserve Banks and the m ixed-ow nership banks of
the Farm C r e d it A d m in is t r a t io n which a re in c lu d e d under Government.

Government

— Covers F e d e r a l , S t a t e , and l o c a l government e s t a b lis h m e n t s perform ing
l e g i s l a t i v e , e x e c u t iv e , and j u d i c i a l f u n c t i o n s , in c l u d i n g Government co rp o ra 
t i o n s , Government fo r c e - a c c o u n t c o n s t r u c t i o n , and such u n i t s as a r s e n a l s , navy
yard s, h o sp ita ls.
F o u r t h - c l a s s p o stm aste rs a re excluded from t a b le 2; they a r e
in c lu d e d , however, in t a b le 6 .
S t a t e and l o c a l government employment e x c lu d e s ,
as nominal employees, p aid v o lu n t e e r firemen and e l e c t e d o f f i c i a l s of s m a ll
lo ca l u n it s .

Manufacturing

— Covers only p r i v a t e e s t a b li s h m e n t s ; Government m anu factu rin g
o p e ra tio n s such as a r s e n a l s and navy y a r d s a r e excluded from m an u factu rin g and
in clu d e d under Government.

Mining

— Covers e s t a b lis h m e n t s engaged in the e x t r a c t i o n from the e a r t h of o rg a n ic
and in o r g a n ic m in e r a ls which occur in n a tu re as s o l i d s , l i q u i d s , or g a s e s ; i n 
c lu d e s v a r io u s c o n t r a c t s e r v i c e s r e q u ir e d in m ining o p e r a t io n s , such as removal
of overburden, tu n n e lin g and s h a f t i n g , and the d r i l l i n g or a c i d i z i n g of o i l
w e l l s ; a l s o in c lu d e s ore d r e s s i n g , b e n e f i c i a t i n g , and c o n c e n t r a t i o n .




47

nondurable Goods

— The nondurable goods s u b d i v i s i o n i n c lu d e s the f o llo w in g major
i n d u s t r y g roup s:
food and k in d re d p r o d u c t s ; tobacco m a n u fa c tu re s; t e x t i l e - m i l l
p r o d u c t s ; a p p a r e l and o th e r f i n i s h e d t e x t i l e p ro d u c t s ; paper and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ;
p r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , and a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s ; c h e m ic a ls and a l l i e d p ro d u c t s ;
p ro d u cts of petroleum and c o a l ; rubber p ro d u c t s ; and l e a t h e r and l e a t h e r
pro ducts.

Payrolls

— P r i v a t e p a y r o l l s r e p r e s e n t weekly p a y r o l l s of both f u l l - and p a r t - t i m e
p ro d u ctio n and r e l a t e d w orkers who worked d u rin g , or r e c e i v e d pay f o r , any p a r t
of the pay p e r io d ending n e a r e s t the 15th of the month, b e fo re d ed u ctio n fo r
o ld -a g e and unemployment in s u r a n c e , group i n s u r a n c e , w it h h o ld in g t a x , bonds, and
union d u es; a l s o , in c l u d e s pay f o r s i c k le a v e , h o l i d a y s , and v a c a t io n s take n .
E x c lu d e s cash payments f o r v a c a t io n s not tak e n , r e t r o a c t i v e pay not earned d u rin g
p e rio d r e p o r t e d , v a lu e of payments in k in d , and bonuses, u n l e s s earned and p a id
r e g u l a r l y each pay p e r io d .

Production and Related Workers -

I n c l u d e s working foremen and a l l n o n s u p e rv iso ry
w orkers ( i n c l u d i n g le a d men and t r a i n e e s ) engaged in f a b r i c a t i n g , p r o c e s s in g ,
a s se m b lin g , in s p e c t i o n , r e c e i v i n g , s t o r a g e , h a n d lin g , p ackin g , w arehousing,
s h ip p in g , m ain tenan ce, r e p a i r , j a n i t o r i a l , watchman s e r v i c e s , p ro ducts d eve lo p 
ment, a u x i l i a r y p ro d u ctio n fo r p l a n t ’ s own use ( e . g . , power p l a n t ) , and r e c o r d 
keeping and other s e r v i c e s c l o s e l y a s s o c i a t e d w ith the above p ro d u ctio n
operat i o n s .

Service

— Covers e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r i m a r i l y engaged in re n d e rin g s e r v i c e s to i n d i 
v i d u a l s and b u s in e s s f i r m s , i n c l u d in g automobile r e p a i r s e r v i c e s .
E x c lu d e s
dom estic s e r v i c e w o rk e r s .
Nongovernment s c h o o l s , h o s p i t a l s , museums, e t c . , a r e
in c lu d e d under S e r v i c e ; s i m i l a r Government e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e in c lu d e d under
Government.

Trade -

Covers e s t a b lis h m e n t s engaged in w h o le s a le t r a d e , i . e . , s e l l i n g merchan
d i s e to r e t a i l e r s , and in r e t a i l t r a d e , i . e . , s e l l i n g m erchandise fo r p e rs o n a l
or household consumption, and r e n d e rin g s e r v i c e s i n c i d e n t a l to the s a l e s of
goods.
S i m i l a r Government e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e in c lu d e d under Government.

Transportation and Public U t i l i t i e s

— Covers only p r i v a t e e s t a b lis h m e n t s engaged
in p ro v id in g a l l types of t r a n s p o r t a t io n and r e l a t e d s e r v i c e s ; te le p h o n e , t e l e 
graph, and o th e r communication s e r v i c e s ; or p ro v id in g e l e c t r i c i t y , gas, steam,
w a te r, or s a n i t a r y s e r v i c e .
S i m i l a r Government e s t a b lis h m e n t s a re in c lu d e d
under Government.

48




List of Cooperating State Agencies

ALABAMA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
D IS T R IC T OF
COLUMBIA
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
IDAHO
IL L IN O IS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
M IS S IS S IP P I
MISSOURI

Department of In d u s t r i a l d e la t io n s , Montgomery 5.
Unemployment Compensation D iv is io n , Employment S e c u rity Commission, Phoenix.
Employment S e c u rity D iv is io n , Department of Labor, L i t t l e Rock.
D iv is io n .of Labor S t a t i s t i c s and Research, Department of I n d u s t r ia l R e la t io n s ,
San F ra n cis co 1.
- U. S. Bureau of Labor S t a t i s t i c s , Denver 2.
- Employment S e c u rity D iv is io n , Department of Labor, H artford 15.
- Federal Reserve Bank of P h ila d e lp h ia , P h i la d e lp h i a 1, Pennsylvania.

~

-

MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK

-

NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA
OREGON
PENNSYLVANIA

*-

RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VERMONT
V IR G IN IA
WASHINGTON
WEST V IR G IN IA
WISCONSIN
WYOMING

-




U. S. Employment S e rv ic e fo r D. C., Washington 2 5 .
In d u s t ria l Commission, Tallahassee.
Employment S e c u rity Agency, Department of Labor, A tla n ta 3.
Employment S e c u rity Agency, Boise.
I l l i n o i s State Employment Service and Division of Unemployment Compensation, Chicago 54
Employment S e cu rity D iv is io n , In d ia n a p o lis 9 .
Employment S e c u rity Commission, Des Moines 8 .
Employment S e c u rity D i v is io n , State Labor Department, Topeka.
Bureau of Employment S e c u rity , Department of Economic S e c u rity , F ra n k f o r t.
D iv is io n of Employment S e c u rity , Department of Labor, Baton Rouge 4 .
Employment S e c u rity Commission, Augusta.
Department of Employment S e c u rity , Baltim ore l .
D iv is io n of S t a t i s t i c s , Department of Labor and In d u s t r ie s , Boston 10.
Employment S e c u rity Commission, D e troit 2.
D iv is io n of Employment and S e c u rity , St. Paul 1.
Eropleyment S e c u rity Commission, Jackson.
D iv is io n of Employment S e c u rity , Department of Labor and I n d u s t r i a l R e la tio n s ,
J e f f e r s o n C it y .
Unemployment Compensation Commission, Helena.
D iv is io n of Employment S e c u rity , Department of Labor, L in coln 1.
Employment S e cu rity Department, Carson C it y .
D iv is io n of Employment S e c u rity , Department of Labor, Concord.
Department of Labor and In d u s try , Trenton 8 .
Employment S e c u rity Commission, Albuquerque.
8 ureau of Research and S t a t i s t i c s , D i v i s i o n of Employment,
New York Department of Labor, 1440 Broadway, New York 18 .
Department of Labor, R ale ig h.
Unemployment Compensation D iv is io n , Bismarck.
Bureau of U.iemployment Compensation, Columbus 16 .
Employment S e c u rity Commission, Oklahoma C it y 2.
Unemployment Compensation Commission, Salem.
Federal Reserve Bank of P h ila d e lp h ia , P h i la d e lp h i a 1 (m fg .); Bureau of Research and
Inform atiao , Department of Labor and In d u s try , H arrisb u rg (nonmfg.).
Department of Labor, Providence 3.
Employment S e cu rity Commission, Columbia 1 .
Employment S e c u rity Department, Aberdeen.
Department of Employment S e c u rity , N a s h v ille 3.
Employment Commission,, Austin 19.
Department of Employment S e c u rity , I n d u s t r ia l Commission, Salt Lake C it y 13.
Unemployment Compensation Commission, M ontpelier.
D iv is io n of Research and S t a t i s t i c s , Department of Labor and In d u s try , Richmond 19.
Employment S e c u rity Department, Olympia.
Department of Employment S e c u rity , Charleston 5.
I n d u s t r i a l Commission, Madison 3.
Employment S e c u rity Commission, Casper.

49

Other Publications on
EM P LO Y M EN T D EV ELO PM EN TS

STATE A ND ARE A D A T A — EMPLOYMENT, HOURS, A ND E ARNIN GS Data available for States and areas in v arying

industry detail

since

1947.

MANPOW ER RE POR TS - Special studies of manpower problems in activities of importance
to the defense effort.
Reports numbered consecut ive ly as issued.
Those
not listed are either restricted for security reasons or no longer available.
M A NPOW ER R EP O R T No. 3 - The N ation's Scientific and Technical Manpower, (December 1950)
M AN POW ER RE PO RT N o « 8 • Manpower Re qui rements of the Machine Tool Indus try in the
Current M o b ili zat ion Program* (August 1951)
MANPOWE R R EPORT N o . 11 - Manpower R equirements in Metal Minin g,( Oct obe r 1951)
MA NPOWER R E POR T N o . 12 • Defense Manpower Req uirements in Electronics Production,
(February 1952)
M AN PO WER R E P O RT N o . 13 - The Effects of Defense P ro g ra m on Employment in Automobile
Industry. (January 1952;
MANP OWE R R EPO RT N o . 14 - P roj ected Manpower Requirements and S u p p l y , 1952-1953:
(January 1952}
M A NPOW ER RE P OR T N o . 16 - M anpower Requirements in the Aircraft Industry, (June 1952)
M A NP O W ER R EPOR T N o . 17

- Manpower Req uirements
(August 1952)

in the P r od uc t i o n of M i li t a ry Weapons.

O C C U P A T IO N A L O U T LOO K H A N D B O O K , 2d EDITION, Bul le ti n No. 998 of Bureau of Labor
Statistics issued in cooperation with the Veterans Administration.
575 pp. - A vailable from the Superintendent of Documents, Government P r i n t 
ing Office, W as h i ng t o n 25, D. C . , at $3.00 a c o p y . A co mpr ehensive coverage
of major occupations for use in guidance with reports on each of 433 o c c u 
pations and industries including industrial, professional, “w h i t e - c o l l a r , "
and farming occupations in which most young people will find jobs.
Trends
and outlook are e mphasized to depict the changing nature of occupational
and industrial life, and to help in long-range educational and career p l a n 
ning.
O c cupa ti on reports describe employment outlook, nature of work,
industries and l o c a 1ties in w hic h w o rkers are employed, training and q u a l i 
fications needed, earnings, wo rk i ng conditions, and sources of further
information.
This material is current as of late 1950.
N ew editions of the
Handbo ok will be issued from time to time.
E M PLO Y M E NT A N D E CONO MI C STATUS OF OL D E R ME N A N D WOMEN, Bul le tin No. 1092, May 1952 Basis data pertaining to older workers including information on po pulation
and labor force trends, industrial and occupa tio nal characteristics, and
income and employment.
Avai lab le from the S up erintendent of Documents,
Government Printin g Office, Was hin gto n 25, D. C . , at 30 cents a copy.
TABLES O F W O R KI NG LIFE, L EN G T H OF W O RKIN G L IFE FOR MEN, B ul le ti n No. 1001, August
1950, 74 pp. - Tables c om paring a man *s life span wi th his wo rk s p a n . Also
labor force entry rates, and separation rates owing to death and retirement.
Available from the Superintendent of Documents, Govern me nt Pr in t in g Office,
Wash ing ton 25, D. C . , at 40 cents a copy.
Full text of Employment and Payrolls : December 1952

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