Full text of Employment and Payrolls : December 1950
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EMPLOYMENT
and payrolls
DETAILED REPORT
DECEMBER 1950
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Maurice J. Tobin • Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague - Commissioner
Important Notioe
Starting with this issue, production-worker employment for
the ball and roller-bearing industry is presented as a part of the
machinery (exoept eleotrioal) group in table 9 of this Report. J.
summary table showing the series from January 1947 to date is available
upon request*
U. S. DEPARTMENTOF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statietioe
Washington 25, D. C,
torch 2, 1951
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
Detailed Keport
December 1960
CONTENTS
PAGE
Charti Employment in Manufacturing, Durable and
Nondurable Goods Indus tries, 1959 to date....*
1
Empl^rnxwit Trends in Soleoted Industries
Footarear........ .
.
.
c
.
.
.
Statistical Data,.......0
2
. Asl
Explanatory Notes*,# » • • * • • « • * * » « • • • • » • » • * * • 1
G
l
o
s
s
a
r
y
*
Prepared by
Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics
Seymour L. Wolfbein, Chief
▼
EMPLOYMENT IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
ALL EMPLOYEES
MILLIONS
UNITEO STATES DEPAR TM EN T OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STA TISTIC S
MILLIONS
2.
. . . . employment turns up in 1950.
Employment in the footwear (except rubber) industry in 1950 turned
upward after declining steadily for tn-j past 2 years, however, the gain
over 1949 was relatively small, amounting to 3,000 workers or 1.4 percent.
Because of a longer workweek in 1950, the increase in the number <»f manhours worked totaled 4 percent. Production was expected to sho’
-r an
increase of 3.6 percent for the year. Despite these gains, both pro
duction and employment will still be considerably short of the postwar
peaks reached in 194-6 and 1947, respectively.
Employment in shoe manufacturing over the laSt 10 years has failed
to keep pe.ee with employment in mariUfacturing as a whole and with foot
wear production. The 229,000 factory workers in 1950 actually totaled
3,000 fewer than in 1939. Increasing productivity and a shift to new
shoe types requiring less labor time than formerly are mainly responsible
for the downward employment trend.
Postwar Decline in Production and Employment
Although footwear production reached its peak in 1946, it was not
until a year later than footvear employment achieved its record level.
Between 1946 and 1947 shoe output dropned by 11.5 percent and the number
of factory workers increased by 7.5 percent to a total of '235,500. This
divergence in trends was a postwar phenomenon. In 19A6, owing to a
tremendous accumulated demand for typ«s of shoes that tod not been avail
able during the war, shoe production spurted. National output reached
an all-time peak of 529,000,000 pairs, an average of 3.72 pairs per
person. The percent of National income spent on shoes and other footwear
was the highest since 1939. The year 1946 was the last in the wartime
cycle during which ths industry produced on capacity basis.
Large price increases in 1947 and the lessening urgency to buy
shoes as deferred demands vere met i\‘
ire than offset the further rise in
total consumer spending. Both per capita and total shoe consumption
slumped drastically. The Recline was small ia staple lines of dress and
work shoes; it was very large in the specialty lines of sandals, playshoes,
slippers, and athletic shoes.
Also in 1947, for the first time since the prewar period, seasonality of production and distribution ro-appeared. Well-defined peaks
were again observable in the pre-Easter and preschool periods. At the
same time, competition forced the return of more types of shoe styling
which further cut manufacturing efficiency and increased unit man-hours.
Therefore, additional workers were hired in 194.7 and the average number
of man-hours required per pair in the manufacture of shoes increased about
6 percent during the year. This productivity decline in 1 year cancelled
more than half the man-hour gains achieved between 1939 and 194-6.
Continuation of boom conditions in practically all other lines of
economic activity and some revival in the demand for shoes in late 194-7
and early 194.8 prompted expanded output again. Emplsyraent responded
directly t© increased output. The average number of factory workers in
the first half of 194-8 was 3.4- percent higher than in the corresponding
period of the previous year. In February 194-8, production-worker employ
ment of 250,800 was at an all-time high.
When consumption lagged behind production in the latter half of
•194-8, many producers and their retail outlets built up excessive inventories
and consequently curtailed operations. In 194-9, however, output climbed
again to the impressive total of 473,000,000 pairs. The increase was
accomplished with a considerably smaller work force. Employment for the
year declined to 226,200, off 3.7 percent from the previous year.
Production, Employment, and Length of Workweek in the
Footwear Ind’
istry, 1939-1950
Year
Production \/
(thousands of
pairs)
1939
194-7
194-8
194-9
1950
4-24-,136
4-68,069
4-62,320
4-73,005
4-90,000 (E)
Average
employment
of factory
workers
Average
workweek
(in hours)
2.32.,L
2-35.5
234-.8
226,3
229.3
35.6
38.3
36.6
35.9
36.8
]./ Data provided by Bureau of the Census.
2/ Estimated on basis o? Census of Manufactures data.
Current Trend
The shoe industry expanded its operations in the last half of 1950
with year-to-year comparisons for successive months showing ever-widening
gaps. Production of footwear for the first 11 months of 1950 was 4percent ahead of that in the corresponding period of 194-9. Military
orders were negligible in the sudden increase. Estimates by thfe Bureau
of the Census for the entire year indicate that about 4-90,000,000 pairs
of shoes, were produced, about 17,000,000 more than in 194-9.
4
Employment, however, has failed to keep pace with production. The
number of factory workers in December totaled 228,600, a seasonal increase
of 1.4 percent from November. For 1950 as a whole, only 1.3 percent more
workers was employed than in 1949. The change in the number of workers
by itself, however, is slightly misleading, since the average workweek
in 1950, at 36.8, was about an hour longer than in the previous year. On
a man-hour basis, the increase totaled 4.1 percent over 1949, closely
approximating the production trend.
Production Worker Employment in the Footwear Industry
by Month, 1947-50
(in thousands)
1947
1948
1949
1950
Average
235.5
234.8
226.2
229.3
January
February
March
April
May
June
232.9
235.3
236.1
232.7
224.4
226.7
249.2
250.8
247.4
229.4
219.1
229.3
232.5
234.5
234.4
227.8
215.7
222.5
231.4
234.5
234.5
221.5
217.5
224.3
July
August
September
October
November
December
229,6
237.2
239.5
241.0
243.2
247.9
232.9
238.7
235.3
233.4
223.9
227.5
226.3
234.2
230.2
224.3
208.0
223.7
229,8
237.1
236.7
230.3
225.5
228.6
Period
Among the major shoe producing States, outstanding employment gains
were recorded in New Hampshire and Missouri; October 1949 to October 1950
increases (latest data available) amounted to 5 percent each. In New
Hampshire, the increase is attributed to the reopening of several plants
which had previously closed down and possibly to the irflux of a few
Massachusetts establishments. The gain in Missouri was due in part to the
transfer of some plants from Illinois and New England as well as general
expansion in activity. Employment in Massachusetts, Maine, Pennsylvania,
and New York remained virtually stationary over the year.
1951 Outlook is Favorable
As of the beginning of 1951, the industry was generally optimistic,
with most responsible sources anticipating greater production than in 1950.
The National Production Authority estimates that over 500 million pairs of
shoes will be produced during the year, with the military buying 8 to 10
million at a minimum. Despite tho fact that military shoes take more than
three times as much upper leather as men’
s civilian shoes, it is anticipated
that shoe making materials, including leather, will be sufficient to meet
requirements.
5.
The National Shoe Manufacturers Association reports the possi
bility of an even sharper increase in output in 1951, if the international
situation becomes more critical. Manufacturers might be expected to push
production in anticipation of material shortages and an increasing con
sumer demand. In 194-1, just prior to our entry into the war, shoe produc
tion increased by 94 million pairs, or 23 percont, over the year previous.
Most of that increase reflected civilian demand since only 15 million of
the additional pairs produced were purchased by tho military.
Long-Term Trend of Employment is Down
The footwear industry is one of the few major groups in the
Amerioan economy which has failed to keep pace with employment in manufac
turing as a whole. In fact, 1950 employment of approximately 229,000 was
actually 3,000 lower than in 1939. Output over the same period increased
14 percent.
Several factors account for tho long-term relative decline. Tech
nological change has contributed somewhat to increased output with fewer manhours. Installation of conveyor belts, elimination of hand cutting in some
instances, a new technique of "sliplasting,w and other improvements have
resulted in a productivity increase of 3.5 percent between 1939 and 1943.
In addition, new shoe types introduced during tho war have continued to be
popular. These shoes, including casuals end plsyshoes, are made with
materials such as fabric, plastics, rubber, and cork as a substitute in
whole or in part for leather, and require fewer man-hours per shoe than the
conventional types.
Regional Distribution of Footwear Industry
In July 1948, more than 1,100 companies were manufacturing shoes
in the United States. Regionally, New England produced about 32 percent of
the shoes in 1949, the Middle Atlantic States 28 percent. Major concentra
tions by States (in 1949), in order of descending importance, were found in
New York, Massachusetts, Missouri, Pennsylvania and New Hampshire.
Percentage of Shoe Production by States
* Illi-: Miss-*
s
:
*
*
i
*
*
*Penn.t
Ohio*
nois * ouri * Wise. tOthei
Year tU. §.*Mass.:Maine*N. H. IN. Y.
1949 100.0 17.5
1946 100,0 20.7
1939 100.0 19,5
1929 100.0 23.41919 100.0 35.3
1899 100.0 47.1
Source*
5.8
6,1
6,8
4.3
5.8
4.9
8.2 17,9
8,2 19.0
9.0 16.6
6.9 21.7
6.9 19.0
9.7
8.9
9.9
8.2
7.7
4.8
7.1
5.7
3.8
3.3
4.1
3.3
5.4
6.4
6.1
6,6
7,5
7,5
3.2
2,8
Bureau of Census, Department of Commerce.
11.9
11.4
11.5
13.3
8.0
3.8
3.7
3,5
3.9
4.8
3.4
1.6
15.3
13.0
13.4
10.0
5.9
9.1
6.
New England’
s share of the market shows a long-term declinc. In
fact, since 194-6, with the exception of Pennsylvania, all the old established
shoe areas have lost ground; only Pennsylvania end a group of "other”States
have shown marked increases in importance.
The shift in markets combined with the low capital requirements
for entering the shoe industry, wage levels, and the incrcr.sed mechanization
of the production process have accounted for past shifts.
Shoe workers are paid on a piecc-rate basis with incentive plans
in effect in most plants. Average hourly earnings: are generally highest in
large urban areas, in small plants, in factories producing men’
s and women’
s
shoes, and where union organization is strong.
Hours of work and average weekly earnings showed their usual
seasonal increase in December 1950 as the workweek increased to 37.4 hours.
Evidence of the increasing tempo of activity is afforded by a month-to-month
comparison with last year. January and February 1950 each showed a workweek
which was one-half hour longer than January and February 194-9* By mid-year,
the spread was 1 hour and in only one month since- then has it been less than
1-1/2 hours.
Average hourly earnings of $1.17 in December were fractionally
higher than in November. This was the fifth successive month in which a new
record was established.
Labor costs in shoe production average more than 25 percent of
total manufacturing costs and ere second in importance only to material
costs. Regional differences in the wage rnt<s of shoe workers, therefore,
are of great importance to the highly competitive shoe industry. In the
past, migration of firms within areas and between areas has been motivated
to a great extent by the desire of manufacturers to utilize less expensive
labor.
Average Hourly Earnings in the Footwear Industry for Selected States
November 1950
State
California
Indiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Missouri
1 Average hourly
:
earnings
$ 1.47
1.03
1.12
.97
1.26
1.13
: i!
:ss
State
*33 Haw Hsrpshire
3 33 New York
333 Ohio
333 Pennsylvania
333 Wisconsin
t Average hourly
3
earnings
$ 1.24
1.27
1.15
1.02
1*24
7,
U.S. DEPARTKitfIT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table 1*
straight-tbie average hourly earnings l / IK selected occupations in footwear manufacturing,
BY PROCESS AND WAGE AREA, SEPTEMBER 1950
Occupation and sex
Womenfs Cement Process Shoes - Conventional Lasted
Nev England
South
Los
‘
Missouri,* St
Worces New
(except Louis, Angeles,
Lewis Boston,!HfT?r- [Lynn eastern
ter,
York,
New
Calif.
Mo.
Mass. * hill, ‘
Mass
ton,
Hamp Mass. n . y : St. Louis)
• Mass.*
Maine
shire
______ :______ :
Auburn- :
:
:
Plant occupations, men
Assemblers for pullover, machine ....
Bed-machine operators ............. .
Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand ...
Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine
Edge trimmers, machine ••••••..... .
.Taney 3titehers ........ ............
Floor boys ................ .........
Mechanics, maintenance ............. .
Side lasters, machine ........ ......
Sole attachers, cement process ......
Top stitchers...... ............... .
Treers ..... ....... ................
Tampers ........... .................
Wood-heel-seat fitters, hand ........
Wood-heel-seat fitters, machine .....
01.72
1.62
( 2/ )
1.59
1.91
(2/)
.77
1.71
1.80
1.48
(2/)
1.43
(2/0
(2/)
1.59
*>1.67
1.54
( 2/ )
1.67
1.91
1.70
.87
2.00
1.74
1.53
1.84
1.59
( 2/ )
( 2/ )
1.63
:£<1.71
: 1.88
• ( 2/ )
: 1.67
: 1.78
: ( 2/ )
: .83
: 1.72
s 1.90
: 1.64
: (2/)
: 1.65
•
WX
: (2/)
:1.43
::*1.8
: 1.6
: (2/
: 1.6
: 1.6
: (2/
: .8
: 1.8
: 1.57
: 1.79
: (2/
: 1.52
: (£/
: 1.79
: 1. 6Q
81.55
1.67
(2/)
1.50
1.75
(2/)
.89
1.60
1.63
1.52
(2/)
1.45
(2/)
(2/)
1.38
$1.69 $2.03: $1.27 *$1.61
2.12:
1.66
1.40 : 1.62
2.30:
1.33 : 1.69
(a/)
1.64 1.51* 1.33 : 1.57
2.55*
1.75
1.44 : 1.85
2.22:
(2/)
s (2/)
.83
.85 : 1.00
.94:
1.67
(2/):
1.41 : 1.54
1.45 : 1.66
1.63 2.15*
1.48
2.23:
1.15 : I .48
2.04:
(2/) : (2/)
(a/)
1.31 : 1.65
1.35 1.93:
2.12:
(2/) : (2/)
(2/)
1.98:
1.17 : 1.65
(2/)
1.04 : 1.74
1.59 1.91:
1.16
.91
1.29
(2/)
1.45
1.37
.98
1.60
(2/)
1.77
:
:
:
*
:
:
:
:
t
:
1.13
.91
1.16
(2/)
1.08
1.14
.94
1.23
(2/)
1.16
(2/)
$1.85
1.73
&)
1.88
1.68
1.48
.99
1.71
1.83
WX
2/
lift
Plant occupations, women
Fancy stitchers
Floor girls •...
Top stitchers ..
Treers ........
Vampers .......
1.25
.95
1.31
(2/)
1.24
1.13 s
.96:
1.25:
(2/):
1.24:
1.66:
1.04:
(2/):
W
X1
(2/):
:
:
:
*
:
.94
.93
1.05
.97
1.00
1.20
.95
1.27
1.37
1.32
1.48
1.02
1.53
(2/)
1.52
: .87
: .87
: 1.04
: (2/)
: (2/)
Office occupations, women
Clerks, payroll *.....
Clerk-typists ........
Stenographers, general
.78 :
*
.87 :
.83
.81 1.16:
.93 * .87 : .89:
.90 : (2/) : .83:
1.02:
.84
(2/)
.86
1.27:
(2/)
.95 * .91 : .87:
:
:
:
-*
Women1s Cement Process
Men*s
Goodyear
Welt
Shoes
Shoes - Slip Lasted
(2/ )
Missouri, # St.
Los
(except * Louisj Angeles,
St. Louis)f Mo.
Calif.
—
(2/)
*1.13
1.36
(2/)
.94
1.33
1.01
(2/)
1.32
-
wx
2/
(2/)
Plant occupations, women
Fancy stitchers .....................
Floor girls ......... ...............
Platform-cover stitchers ............
Sock-lining stitchers ...............
Top stitchers.......... ............
Treers ..............................
Vampers........ ....................
Office occupations, women
Clerks, payroll .................. .
Clerk-typists .............. ..... .
Stenographers, general ..............
.87
1.00
1.07
1.07
.94
1.09
.80
:
:
: : $1.58
: 1.43
: 1.64
: WX
: (2/)
: : 1.35
: 1.54
: _
: (2/)
* 1.42
: : (2/)
: 1.21
: (2/)
:
:
: .91
: .95
: 1.15
: .97
: .98
: 1.17
: .98
:
:
.88 : 1.17
.78 :
.84
.92 :
:
(g/)
1/ Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work.
2/ Insufficient data to permit presentation of an average.
1.08
Children’
s Children* s
Goodyear Stitchdown
Welt Shoes
Shoes
South
New
eastern
York,
Illinois Pennsyl
N. Y.
vania
:
Plant occupations, men
Assemblers for pullover, machine ....
Bed-machine operators.............. .
Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand ...
Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine
Edge trimmers, machine ..............
Fancy stitchers .....................
Floor boys .........................
Goodyear stitchers ..................
Mechanics, maintenance ..............
Platfom-cover lasters..............
Side lasters, machine ............. .
Sock-lining stitchers ...... ........
Sole attachers, cement process ......
Thread lasters .................... .
Top stitchers .......................
Treers........... ............ .....
Vampers .............................
Brock- Worces
ton,
ter,
Mass.
Mass.
.92
.79
.92
-
$1.92
1.92
2.18
1.66
(2/)
1.65
1.80
$1.69
1.51
1.47
1.66
1.89
(2/)
(2/)
$1.47
1.47
(2/)
1.57
1.76
(2/)
(2/)
1.56
1.59
1.53
$1.71
1.79
1.87
1.62
1.85
(2/)
.87
1.68
1.49
1.85
1.64
•
1.52
(2/)
(2/)
1.65
1.68
_
1.57
(2/)
1.43
1.42
1.54
(a/)
1.94
1.75
1.61
1.26
(2/)
1.12
.90
_
1.11
(2/)
1.42
1.09
1.19
1.13
.96
1.24
1.18
1.31
(2/)
.88
(2/)
.86
.86
(2/)
.90
(2/)
.95
(2/)
a f t
_
(2/)
1.44
1.24
1.13
.89
(2/)
1.61
_
(2/)
(2/)
(2/)
$1.09
1.35
1.10
1.22
1.35
(2/)
.78
1.17
1.33
_
1.21
(2/)
$1.83
1.92
2.01
.84
1.89
(s/)
(2/)
(2/)
2.17
1.84
(2/)
1.83
.98
.87
1.45
.98
1.02
.85
1.01
_
1.42
1.09
1.49
/
A(2/)
.98
.93
.96
______J
1.29
w,
e.
A survey covering selector, occupations in the footwear industry
in 13 ma,1or areas for September 1°50 was recently completed by the
Department of Labor (table 1), It sfeovod thst New York workers making
women’
s cement process sho^s (conventional lasted) generally had the
highest average hourly earnings (exclusive of premium pay for overtime
and night work) among the branches of tho footwear industry.
Average earrings of men in New York oxeceded &2 an hour in almost
two-thirds of the selected occupations and were below 01.90 in only two
occupations. The loweot earnings were most eommon in the children's
Goodyear volt branch of the industry in Southeastern Pennsylvania and the
women’
s cement process (slip lasted) branch in Missouri (except in
St. Louis).
Edge trimmers wore the highest paid cmeng the selected occupations,
average earnings ranging from $1,35 an hour in plants making children’
s
Goodyear welt shoes in Southeastern Pennsylvania to $2.55 in women’
s
cement process shoe plants in New York. In two-thirds of the areas,
workers in this occupation averaged $1.75 or more an hour. Floor boys
were the lowest paid among the men’
s occupations and averaged below $1
an hour in all except cne area.
Among the women’
a occupations, top stitchers and vampers most
coramonly had the highest average hourly earnings; area levels ranged from
94 cents to 01,61 and So cents to £1.77, respectively. Floor girls usually
had the lowest average earnings.
In the women’
s nement process (convontdcnal 3asted) branch of the
industry in New England, Boston and Haverhill e*ccupatio*al average
earnings ranked somewhat higher than those in tho other four areas. Among
the three areas shown fer men’
s Goodyear welt shoes, the earnings levels
in Illinois and in Brockton typically were higher than those in Worcester.
Trends in Output. Per Man-hour
The average number of men-hours required per pair in the manufacture
of shoes was reduced almost 10 percent from 1939 to 194.6 but increased
about 6 percent in lf47 (table 2). Man-hours required per pair were
reduced in all but 1 year from 1939 to 1946; in 1942 wartime problems
caused a slight rise in unit labor requirements. Heavy production and
extensive curtailment of shoe styling favored manufacturing efficiency
and aided in the reduction *if unit man-hours, despite scarcity of labor
and frequent material shortages. Lower production and increased styling
resulted in increased man-hours per pair of shoes in 1947,
1/ For a fuller discussion, see Trends in Man-hours Expended per Pair in
the Footwear Industry, 1939-1947 and 1947-194%. United States Department
of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
TABLE 2 - INDEXES OF TOTAL (DIRECT AND INDIRECT) MAN-HOURS EXPENDED
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOES
By Class and Factory Price Line
(1939=100)
Classification
of shoes
19U0
191*1
1%2
1943
1914
1945
1946
1947
ALL SHOES B3P0RTED 98.5
95.1
96.0
94.2
9 2 .2
91.2
90.4
9 5 .9
9 6 .6
101.8
98.4
98.6
96.3
97*5
98.6
98*5
1 0 1 .7
1 0 1 .2
Dress shoes
101.9 97.7 96.8
L<Sff-priced
tsitJ
1 6 0 .4
Low medium-priced
98.14 95*8 96.1
Medium-priced
100.6 98.4 96.ii
High-priced
106.5 95.5 93*8
Work shoes
101.5 101.8 107.4
93«8
Man's shoes
Women's shoes
Low-priced
Low medium-prioed
Medium-priced
High medium-priced
High-priced
94*2
90.5
9 2 .2
92.8
99.6
93.6
87.8
88.1
93.8
92.7
youths’
* and boys' shoeslQ3*8
9e.2
9 2 .5
M
95*4 1 0 0 . 3 97l2
95*6 98*8 101.8
91.0 91.1 92.9
108.6 110.0 108.6
86*1
93.5
91.9
88.5
9573
8U.2
82*4
89*7
87.7
94*8
96.6
98.8
91.5
97*1
86.6
88.7
97 q2 100.7 1 0 0 . 8
9475 IO6.8 99.9
101.1 9 7 . 8
99.5
101.1 104*1 1 0 8 . 1
9 5 .0
94*7 9 7 . 9
104*9 1 0 6 . 5 ioe . 9
aU.7 83 >9 9 0 . 8
B 5 T 3 yt 7T ltrpj
82.9 9 1 . 4 77.^ 82.2
84*0 8 3 . 5 7 6 . 6 80.9
8 7 .6
88.6 89.9 92.8
8 8 .3
89*4 88.2 95*2
97*0
19W
9£*3 104*9
1 ^ 3
8 7 *8
8 5 .8
97.p
78-^
1 0 3 .8
1QU.5
io4*7 95.8 92*3
104*3 101.8 97.8
2§sk
95*5
95.3
9^.3
9 0
93.5
Infants' shoes
103.0 99.0 99*7 95.8 96.5
98.1
House slippers
116.4
rt
r-l
Or-l
Mieses* and children's
shoes
Low-priced
High-priced
93*9
95.5
91.9 92.2 105.1 106.6
1/ For 1939-19^7> average factory price in 19^5 was used to classify
establishments by pric« groups. For 19^8, factory prices in 19^8 used.
2/ Not shown to avoid disclosure of individual companies.
10.
The reduction in man-hours was accomplished largely in direct
labor categories which constitute over 90 porcent of the man-hours
expended in shoe production. In contrast, the indirect or overhead
labor expended per unit of output increased by almost a third from
1939 through 1947— a characteristic trend in many manufacturing indus
tries during World War II. Over lead labor in the shoe factories was
not rcsducod in 1947 when production dropped, and tho result was a 10
percent increase in the indirect man-hours per pair from 1946.
Reductions in man-hours per pair were largest in establishments
producing women's shoes, i.e., 16 percent from 1939 to 1946. Unit
man-hourci in women’
s shoe production, hovover, increased more than 7
porcent from 1946 to 1947 due to increased styling and lowered production
volume. In the manufacture of men’
s dross shoes, practical!:/ the same
number of .man-hours were required in 1947 as in 1939. The reductions
in man-hours per pair between 1939 and 1943 vcre lost by 1947. In
contrast with most other typc3 of shoesr man-hour requirements increased
per pair of men’
s work shoos during tho war. This product benefited
little from tho simplified wartime styling. Small reductions wore made
in man-hours required to produce most types o.f juveniles’shoes during
the period.
Man-hours required to manufacture a pair of shoes increased about
1 percent from 1947 to 1943, thus chocking tho sr.arp rise from 1946 to
1947. The adverse effect of a slight drop in total production, accompanied
by an incroase in complexity, stylo range, and quality demands, was nearly
offset by a 10 porcent increase in the amount of footwear constructed with
rubber or composition soles.
manufacturers reported that the latter
types required fewer man-hours por pair than did leather soled footwear.
In 1948 there was virtually no shortage of either materials or labor.
Kan-hour3 per pair in tbs direct labor categories were virtually
the same in 1948 as in 1947. But indirect labor rose almost 4 percent
fron 1947 to 1948, reaching a next high nearly 40 porcent above 1939.
This additional rise in overhead man-hours was caused by ur.der-utilization of capacity, irregular schodiiling of work in factories having
smaller orders, and the return to seasonal operation patterns.
Women Hold Many Jobs
Ono of every two jobs in tho footwear industry today is held by a
woman. World War II provided tho impetus for a substantially increased
proportion of women in the industry although tnoir wartime gains wore
not maintained in the postwar period.
In October 1939, women held 45 percent of the jobs in the shoe
industry. Due to the shortage of male work-rs and the pressure to try
women in jobs ordinarily considered suitable only for men, the proportion
of women increased to 5V percent by the first half of 1945. Since then,
their proportion has declined slowly, but steadily. In September 1950,
the latest period for wJiich data are available, women held 52 peroent
of the industry’
s jobs.
Ail
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY R O U S
Detailed Report
December 1950
CONTENTS
TABLE
PAQE
a
Employees In Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry Division .... . A:2
2
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry Division
and group..... ............ ............. ........ ................. .
A:3
3
All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing
Industries..... ................... ................... .......... ...* A:5
4
Indexes of Production-Worker Employment and Weekly Pay Rolls in
Manufacturing Industries........................... ................ . A:JO
5
Employees in the Shipbuilding and Repairing Industry, by Region...... .
Aj11
6
federal Civilian Employment and Pay Rolls in All Areas and in
Continental United States, and Total Civilian Government Employment
and Pay Rolls in Washington, D. C .................... ...... ..... .
As 12
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry Division,
by State...... ......................... ............. ........... .
h t 13
7
6
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry Division, in
Selected Areas,.......,.,......... ........................ .......... A: 17
9
Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing Industries................. A;Zft
Data for the 2 most recent months
shown are subject to revision
Explanatory iiotes outlining briefly the
concepts, methodology, and sources used
in preparing data presented in this re I
port appear in the appendix. See pages!
TABI£ 1:
Year
and
month
As2
Employees In Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry Division
(In thousands)
t
g
jTransporta-•:
Contract
t Kanufac- > tlon and * m
* Total * Mining |
con*
. .
Trade
t
* turlng j public
:
t
,
structlon
,
1
* utilities. i
1
1____
»
Annual
average*
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
30*287
32,031
36.164
39.697
42,042
1944
19**5
1946
1947
1948
41,480
40,069
41,412
43.371
44,201
1949
1
#•
* Finance | Service : Govern
* ment
:
••
%
t
i
i
1,150
1,294
1,790
*,170
1.567
10,078
10,760
12.974
15.051
17.381
2,912
3.013
3.248
3.433
3.(19
6,612
6,940
7,416
7.333
7.189
1.419
1,462
1,440
1,401
3.321
3.477
3.705
3.857
3.919
3,987
4,192
4,622
5,431
6,049
883
1,094
826
852
1.132
1.1,661
943
981
1.9S2
2,165
17.111
15.302
14,461
15.247
1'5,?86
3.798
3.672
4,023
4,122
4,151
7,260
7,522
8,602
9.196
9.491
1,37*
1,39**
1.586
1,641
1,716
3.934
4.055
4,621
4,786
4,799
6,026
5.967
5.607
5,454
5,613
43,006
932
2.156
14,146
3.977
9,438
1,763
4,782
5.811
M 2
Oct,,
Nov.,
Dec..
42,601
42,784
43 .694
593
917
940
2.313
2,244
2,088
13.892
13.807
14.031
3,871
3,892
3,930
9,505
9,607
10,156
1.767
1.766
1,770
4,794
4,768
4,738
5,866
5,783
1950
Jan..
F e b ,,
Mar.,
Apr..
Ma y ,•
June,
42,125
41,661
42.295
42,926
43,311
**3,945
861
595
938
939
940
946
1,919
1,861
1.907
2,076
8,245
2,414
13.980
13.997
14,103
14,162
14,412
14,666
3,869
9.246
9.152
1,772
1.777
1.791
1.803
4,701
5,777
5.742
5,769
5,915
5,900
5,832
14.777
15.450
15.685
15 .827
15.758
15,765
July,
Aug.,
Sept,
Oct.,
Nov.,
Dec.,
845
916
947
983
917
44,096
922
2.532
45,080
45,684
45.898
45,866
**6,577
950
946
939
935
934
2,629
2,626
2.631
2.571
2,393
3,841
3.873
3.928
3.885
4,023
4,062
4,120
4.139
4,132
4,133
4.124
9,206
9.346
9,326
9#**H
9,390
9,474
9,641
9,752
1.812
1.827
1,831
1.837
I .827
4,696
4,708
**,757
4,790
4,826
4,841
4,827
9,898
1,821
1.821
4.816
4,757
4,723
10,460
1.829
4,696
See explanatory notes, sections A - Q , and the glossary for definitions.
1.382
6,041
5,741
5,793
6,004
6,039
6.037
6,376
As?
TABLE Zt
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by Industry
Division and Group
(In thousands)
_. .
Industry division and group
1949
1950
December
December! Novemberi October
*
TOTAL
46,577
MINING
934
Metal mining
Anthracite
Bituminous-eoal
Crude petroleum and natural gas production
Nonmetallic mining and quarrying
1 45»866
{
i
j
!
J03«3-;
73.2j
403.3j
254.7!
99.ll
CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION
2,393
935
45.898
43,694
42,784
939
940
917
102.2!
74.3!
402.2!
254.21
102.l!
| 2,571
November
96.6
76.3
101.5
74.4
405,8
255.5
102.1
419.7
253.4
93.6
89.3
76.7
400.9
254.8
95.7
2,088
2,244
534
378
447
228.5
305.8
147.7
250.7
188.4
258.4
I 2,631
\
NONBUILDING CONSTRUCTION
428
Highway and street
Other nonbuilding construction
j
166.6!
261.0|
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
1.965
I
505
|
210.8;
294.41
2,066
' 2,097
1.710
1,797
733
778
977
1.019
j
GENERAL CONTRACTORS
SPECIAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing and heating
Painting and decorating
Electrical work
Other special-trade contractors
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS
839
|
893
905
1,126
|
1.173
j 1,192
289.8 !
;
I
132,9!
139 .3 j
563 .6 j
j 15.7*5
j
i
j 8,701
7,064
294.11
146.8:
138.4|
593.6!
j 15,758
!
i
|!
296.6 ]I
254,3
257.9
158.1'
127.2
113.2
137.6;
125.1
125.5
434.2
600.1 |
508.6
i
I
14,031
13,807
15,827
8,618
7,209
j 8,658
| 7,1-00
7,303
6,728
7,050
3,930
] 5,892
2,732
| 2,689
; 1,281
;^ 1,114
ir
155
i
571
6,757
f
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
Transportation
Interstate railroads
Class I railroads
Local railways and bus lines
Trucking and warehousing
Other transportation and services
Air transportation (common carrier)
Communication
Telephone
Telegraph
4,124
j 4,123
> 4,132
a
!
1,460 !
1,277 j
145 j
621 !
681 !
74.6;
2,907
2,910 , 2,912
1,465 j 1,462
1.292
1.291
145
145
616
621
684 .
684
74.2;
74.4
1,333
1,149
154
566
679
75.2
682
75.8
66 0
611.7
47.7
665
615.5
I
670
j
620#9j
48#6 :
664 ;
615.3 i
48.0!
See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions*
|
670
620.9
47.9
48.2
Ajf>
TABLE 2t
Eoployees In Horagrleuitural Kstai>li*hRents, by Industry
Divi s io n and Group (Continued)
(In thousands)
Industry division and group
1949 _
__________i------- -—
December *■Kovember! October i December) Noveabe
!
s
TRANSPORTATION AUD PUBLIC UTILITIES (Continued)
Other public utilities
Gas and .electric .utilities
Electric light and power utilities
Local utilities
TpADB
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food and liquor stores
Automotive and accessories dealers
Apparel and accessories stores
Ot&er retail trade
PI&IICE
Banks and trust companies
Security dealers and exchanges
Insurance carriers and agents
Other finance agencies and real estate
SEKVICB
Hotels and lodging places
Laundries
Cleaning and dyeing plants.
Motion pictures
mrmmm
Federal
State and local
I
i
j
&9
I 550
523.8 ! 525.1
233.1 j 234,0
24,8
2!*.7
5*2*7 jr
*32.5 1
24,6 j
if
10,4#0
9. C$8
b,7$2
:
1
.
j
|
i
538
513.0
232.7
24,6
i 533
] 513.5
j 232,8
j 24.6
110,155
(9.607
1i
2,523
i2,623
i12,625
1 2,5**2
|2.538
7,837
2,0&3
1,264
753
[7,069
11.590
!1,208
| 704
?.nu
! 632
! 3.051
1 560
3,066
17,127
;1.539
jl,21?
1 741
1 555
13,073
! 7,614
! 1,987
| 1.217
1 m
m
7,275
1.653
1,21*3
747
j 5 66
1,829
1,821
1,621
j 1,770
jl.766
i
1 415
I 55.1
l 627
i 669
440
61 .J
656
672
|
i
437
51.0
651
672
433
60.8
651
|
67 6
|
4,6p5
1^ , 7 2 3
>,757
4J2
**33
1*1*1
352.8
i 352.8
1^.4
1 *6 .9 \
•842-
2**3
6,376'
6,037
416
55.**
630
669
2,333
4,043
1,980
J*,057
13,007
i
j 4.738
14,768
|
443
j 444
355.5 S
151.1 j
t
346.7
142,7
! 347.7
I 144.7
i
244
238
f 238
6,041
|5,7§3
i 2,101
|l,823
13,960
i6,03&
j
I
1,948
:4,oyi
See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.
i
j 3,9*0
1
i
As 5
TABUS 3 :
All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries
(In thousands)
Industry group,and industry
Iron mining
Copper mining
Lead and. zinc mining
a m
.1252.
1
j
i
i
j
1
ANTHRACITE
BITTJMINOUS-'COAL
Production workers
October
^December! November! October |i, .December
rr n , } November1j
i
MINING
METAL MINING
Ail employees
935
939
103.3 j
102.2
35.9 |
28.5 j
36.1
28.2
20.1
101.5 j
1
36.6 1
28.1 I
20.5
?
73.? ;
}
!
403.3
1
Petroleum and natural gas production 1I
25^.7
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS
PRODUCTION
NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING
MANUFACTURING
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
74.3
402.2
]i
!
89.7
32.5
32.8
19.9 I
1
17.9
32.6
24.7
17.5
74.4 |
I1
405.8
i
68.8
69.9
69.9
379.1
378,0
381,5
254.2
25.0
24,6
17,4
—
99.l!
102.1
102.1
15,758
15,827
8.701
7 ,06k
8,658
1 8,618
1 7,100
7,209
i
mm
255.5
| 15,765
29.1
i
28.8
1I
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
125.1
124,4
126,0
86.6
89.6
89.6
13,038
13,029
^3,133
7,198
5,831
7,186
| 7,241
| 5,797
I
23.5
27.7 i
23.2
5,947
22,3
1
1,643
|i 1,150
300.8
1,191
252.7
96.7
142.8
253.2
128,4
140.3
92.4
292.2
190.6
50.7
114.2
217.7
142.7
39.9
243.9
100,0
168,0
92,8
89.1
145,7
102.3
240,0
101,9
226,3
96.8
196.3
193.0
46.6
93.7
148.6
104,3
45,8
97.2
149,4
84
89
23.7
41,0
90
91
96
82
26.2
26.2 j
43.0 |
12.4 j
14.0 j
40.0 |
10.5 j
23,8
41.0
10,5
8.2
8,2
1
1,260
106,6
I
j
j
42.0
j
j
26.4
43.2
12.0
12.1
9.3
9.2 j
See explanatory notes, sections A - G , and the glossary for definitions.
90.4
j
!i 1,528
1,572
i
Meat products
j:
314.0
305.7
Dairy products
140.1
136 .6 ;
Canning and preserving
193.8
164.3 1
Grain-mill products.
124.2 ‘ 124.5
Bakery products
289.4
287.1!
Sugar
I
45.0
51.8
Confectionery, and related products
110.6
105.9
Beverages
213.0
215.9
Miscellaneous food products
139.8
137.9
Cigarettes
Cigars
Tobacco and snuff
Tobacco stemming and redrylng 1/
91.6
j
DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES
--
95**
23.6 !
11,0
13,0
A; 6
ABUS 5s
All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
Industry group and Industry
aSXTXZg-MXXA PRODUCTS
m
December j November j October
1.350
!
1,356
| 1,357
Production workers
1950
Dsoei^ber ■
November iOctober
1.258
\ 1,261
1,261*
1
Yarn and thread mills
Iroad-noven fabric mills
Knitting mills
Dyeing afcd finishing textiles
Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings
Other textile-mill products
.PFAKBIi AW OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE
PRODUCTS
170*5;
632.7 *
254.2i
93.2]
62.5}
136.81
171.6!
637 .3 |
254.6!
95.3!
62.51
136.4!
1,186 i 1,17?
171.3
633.7
256.0
93.6
61.7
135.5
1,221
150.2]
150.7S
152.4
clothing
Women’
s outerwear
Women*s, children^ under garments
Millinery
270.5;
330.3!
108 .0 ?
309.8!
112.4|
272.8 |
Children’
s outerwear
Pur goods and fcis&ellanesus apparel
Other fabricated textile product*
€S.5<
273.3 1
331.91
113.21
22.8 j
68.9 i
101.21
157.2|
Hen’
s and boys1 suits and coats
Men's and boys1 furnishings and work
.UMBER A m WOOD HUfcUCTS (EXCEPT
FURNITURE)
Logging camps and contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Millwork, plywood, and j*efabricated
structural Wood products
Wooden containers
miscellaneous wood products
160.7 f
160.7
606.1
83.3!
55.0:
1 2 2 .5 j
j
83 .4|
55.Of
122.1;
607.4
236.3
83.7
54.5
121.3
\
234.0 ]
| 1,059 [ 1,100
:
138.2
136.2 \
136.71
t
254.2
253.5:
251 .3 !
276,4;
297.0
296.91
102.5
101.7!
97.8!
20,1
15.81
18.8|
60
.
3
!
63.1
6o .7|
89.0
79.4 {
a* .7i
125*6 j
135.5
129.9|
O 67
91.5|
J4T.9|
it
96.91
151.91
617
81*0
B49
78.2f
l*86.2i
492.5
78.4
67.2
1*40.5
73.5 =
453.61
73.8
461.5
129.9!
1 3 1 .Oj
112.8
75.3
57.1
113.6!
76.5!
57.1;
114,8
77.1
57.7
378
325
327
329
270.9i
107 .li
238.3
86.8
241.5!
85 .8j
71.8
472.2|
\
128.91
80.
63.4!
5
82.1*!
63.6]
URNITUBE AND F U T U R E S
»> j
376
Household furniture
Other furniture and fixtures
266.7^
270.5!
105.9!
106.4!
j
82.7j
64.Oj
tee explanatory notes, sections A-Q, and the glossary for definitions.
159.9;
603.0 !
231*.2 i
753
j
774
j
j
785
241.9
86.9
A*7
TABLE Js
All Employees and Production Workers In Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
Production workers
All employees
-1950
____
1950
B9GMbW.\: November • October 1 December I Hoveaiber! Octohfer
J
1
1
Industry group and Industry
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS1
501
Pulp, paper* and paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Other paper and allied products
244.5 i
140,8 1
115.2 |
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Commercial printing
Lithographing
Other printing and publishing
m>
RUBBER PRODUCTS
756
207.X
53.2
48.6
295.3
53.3
48.4
205.1
**2.3
114.0
j 292.9
!
52.8
48.4
1 204.8
I 42.1
j U3.1
152.7
34.9
36.7
171.1
32.9
1 150.3
34.9
3 6.6
149.7
35.1
| 170.5
! 33.3
170.2
33.0
89.8
89,6
720
j 720
:
523
| 521
523
56.7
162.0
67.4
48.2
I 56.3
j 160.2
1 66.3
j 48.1
25,9
49.8
114.4
55.9
159.1
73.7
33.1
58.9
165.7
:
1
Tires and inner tubed
Rubber footwear
Other rubber products
LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS
Leather
Footwear (except rubber)
Other leather products
762
101.1
Petroleum refining
Coke and byproducts
Other petroleum and coal products
j
j
{
I 518
76.9 i 76.6
210.5 j 208.8
100.0 ! 99.5
74.0
73.5
32.3 [ 32.9
61.1
61.9
.165.3 i 166*4
26.7
47.3
114.5
9^.3
i 515
\
(I
514
3 6.6
|
89.2
65.8
48.7
2 6.6
50.8
115.8
I
190,
254
254
252
191
201.6
21.2
31.4
201.5
21.3
31.1
199.3
147.5
18.4
25.2
274
273
269
222
117.5
29.1
127.3
117.6
28.5
126,4
il5.7
28.0
125.3
93.1
23.9
105.3
93.5
23.3
!
j 104.7
22.i3
104.1
396
398
358
! 360
j
367
51.9 i
250.9 '
93.3
51.6
51.4
248.3 i 253,4
98.3 11 101.5
47.2
228.8
47.2
j
; 225.5
j
87.0
46.7
230.3
21,4
31.3
| 40 6
i
I
&%% explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions.
jI 210.3
!j 120.4
90,5
|
|[ 75«*
77.3 I
213.2 1
PRODUCES OF PETROLEUM AND COAL
; 210.8
■ 121.9
421
i
! 241.7
!I 140.0
|i1 109.5
41.9 i
114.J |
i
72?
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial organic chemicals
Drugs and medicines
Paints* pigments, and fillers
Fertilizers
Vegetable and animal oils and fats
Other chemicals and allied products
212.2
121.2
9^.7
? 427
j
242.5
141.9
114.8
206.9 1
ALLIED PRODUCTS
428
491
*99
I
PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED
INDUSTRIES
CHEMICALS
|
;
82.4
191
147.7
18.4
24.8
,
222
146.5
18.6
25.1
219
92.0
89.7
As 8
TASLE
3s
All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
Production workers
All employees
Industry group and industry
STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS
Glass and glass products
Cement, hjltraulic
Structux^aii olay products
pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster
products
Other stone, clay, and glass products
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnaces, steel works, and
rolling mills
Iron and steel foundries
Primary smelting and refining of
nonferrous metals
Rolling, drawing, and alloying of
nonferrous metals
Nonferrous foundries
Other primary metal industries
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
OTONANCE, MACHINERY, AND
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)
Tin cans and other tinware
Cutlery, hand tools* and hardware
Heating apparatus (except electric)
and plumbers1 supplies
Fabricated structural metal products
Metal stamping, coating, and
engraving
Other fabricated metal products
MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)
Engines and turbines
Agricultural machinery and tractors
Construction and mining machinery
Metalworking machinery
Special^industry machinery (exempt
metalworking machinery)
General industrial machinery
Office and store machines and devices
Service-industry and household
machines
Miscellaneous machinery parts
m
J350L
*|? Novembexf October
5*7
.—
■
f—
j
551
i
144.1 I
*2.4 i
87*1 ?
i
!
97.8 *
i
m .r ]
315
544
473
477
42.8 I
88.6 |
(Si «0 |
144.1
43.1
87,9
50.1
127.4
36.4
79.0
55.2
128.7
36.7
98.5 1
1*4.0 j
98.5
112.5
83.3
91.9
145.6 !
j 1.303
639.9 {
266.7 j
r
i
}:
December!* November? October
| 1,289
j 1.142
633.7 !
255.4
637.3
262.1
56.6 |
|
54.8 J
103.8 ]
109.7 |
102.7 ?
106.8
141.8 j
139.0
55.5
102.3
104.8 !
137.6 |
127.0
37.0
79.8
80.6
55.2
i
84.2 !
91.3 |
1.125
52.2
84.5
90.0
1.117
555.5
237.9
553.1
232.5
552.6
47.2
45.3
46.5
87.1
94.4
85.7
85.8
119.6
91.8
117.0
89.7
115.7
851
849
850
141.4
226.8
1
1.017
,018
t
| 1.013
45,9
51.2 !
169.4 1
50.2 i
168.6
166.1
45.3
143.7
44.2
143.0
160.6 ;
220.6 j
I 63 .O :
219.4 1
164.4
216.7
133.0
173.0
135.5 j1
171.8
137.1
170.9
185.5 i
231.0 ;
184.3 j
231*2 j
184.8
160.5
195.2
159.8
195.1
160.7
194.3
|
M l
1.458
51.9
229.1
1,426
1.163
78.6
I 65.Ij
72.9
163.5
110.4 |
2 5 0 .8 ;
108.9 :
184.2
212.5 !
99.1 1
181.0
206.8 ;
181.6 :
185.9
1.133
i1
81.6 i
175.9 I
111.7 1
258.8 ‘
62.3
136.3
60,4
1,104
55.0
124.3
83.8
125.6
82,2
242.9
204.7
197.1
189.7
178.2
203.0
140.4
'154.7
137.6
150.3
97.8 j
95.9
83.2
81.8
135.8
146.7
80.3
1 8 5 .0 |
182.0 |
1*7.1 ’
150,8
182.3
178.2 !
150.4 1
147.6
See explanatory notes, sections A-G, and the glossary for definitions*
|! *71
)
80,6
147,6
144,1
A%9
EABLB 3s
All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
Production workers
All employees
1950
_ 1950 r_ _
December 1} November* October* 'December November f October
1
j
|
Industry group and industry
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY
932
Electrical generating, transmission,
distribution, and industrial
apparatus
Electrical equipment for vehicles
Communication equipment
Electrical appliances, lamps, and
miscellaneous -products
INSTRUMENTS AMD RELATED PRODUCTS
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic apparatus
Watches and clocks
Professional and scientific
instruments
|
:
915
341.5 ;
75.0 !
345.5 |
j
152.8 ;
720
723
t
[
I
710
1
rRAHSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Automobiles
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and parts
Aircraft propellers and parts
Other aircraft parts and equipment
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and ^repairing
Railroad equipment
Other transportation equipment
928
3^9.0
77,5 1
352.3 :
352.?
[
|
j
153.3
154.0
j
1.397
i■
j
-j
j
j
j
•
!
j
j
j
j
j
j
i
•
i
6 6 .9 i
9.1 i
35.11
92.0 i
11 i l \
14.3 '!
65.9 !
13,l|j
280
26.9 j
55.2 !
34,0 j
163 .8 J!
CO
CT\
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES!
i
i
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware ;
Toys and sporting goods
j
Costume jewelry, buttons, notions
j
Other miscellaneous manufacturing
i
Industries
,
!
;|
884.1 !
341,6 j1
2J0.5 ji
345.0
76.0
1,370
878.2
323.4
217.6
63.5
8.9
33.4
89.1
75.6
13.5
65.9
13.6
277
| 1.394
|
1 922.7
| 305.1
i 205.0
60.1
1
i
8.5
}
31.5
I
88.6
j
75.3
!
13.3
64.3
1
j
13.7
j
26,7 j
55,<S ;
33.9 j
272
158.1
509
|
510
57.11
77.6|
63.7!
58.1
81.9
65,6
j
;
2 9 9.7)
302,9
1
1
172.6
58.2
84.5
65.7
301.7
49.4
6.1
26,7
78.8
66.3
32.8 j
j
125.1
754.4
254.8
1i
!'
1
i
i
j
j
!
i
j
i!
!
|
j
I
|
61.8 i
277.2
f; 1,151
.
254,3
63.1
1
26.2
54.5
160,9
257.6
12.5
51.9
11.2
2*2
277.7
t
126.0
1,128
I
Ii
251.7
60.9
272.2
125.0
i 1,157
749.7
239.2
161.4 1
W.5 !
5.9
794.8
224.5
151.5
43.6
5.7
23.7
75.8
64.3
11.5
50.4
11.9
25,4
76.0 J
64.3 !
11.7
51.7
11.8
209
22.0
40.8
21.8
40.6
28 ,9
28.9 1
205
21.3
40.2
28.0
120.1
117.6
115.3
424
433
436
46.9
68.2
54.2
254.8
47.7 |
72.6
48.1
75.3
56.0
56.2
256.2
256.1
See explanatory notes, sections A-0, and the glossary for definitions.
1/
August and September 1950 revised as follows;
workers - 10#fc and 14*2*
All employees - 11 A and 1% Z ; production
A: 10
TABLE 4?
Indexes of Production-Worker Employment and Weekly Payrolls In
Manufacturing Industries
(1939 Average * 100}
Period
:
:
Produetion-worker
endowment Index
:
Froduction-worker
payroll index
Annual average:
1939
19^0
19^1
19^2
19^3
100.0
107.5
122,8
156.9
123.5
100.0
113.6
164.9
241.5
331.1
1944
19^5
1946
19^7
1948
178.3
157.0
147.8
155.2
343.7
293.5
271.7
326.9
351.4
I 9U 9
1950
141.6
325.3
138.8
137,8
140,4
320.5
313.9
329,3
139.8
139.9
141.0
141.6
144.5
147.3
148.3
329.2
330.0
333.5
337.2
348.0
362.7
367.5.
156,3
394.4
403.2
415.8
415.1
424,9
156.2
1949
October
November
December
im .
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
158.9
160.3
159.0
159.2
See explanatory notes, section D # and the glossary for definitions#
AU1
TABLE 5:
Employees in the ShlttiuiMing and Repairing Industry, by Region 1/
(In thousands)
Region
167,0 I l^O.J
ALL REGIONS
PRIVATE
NAVY
NORTH ATLANTIC
Private
Navy
77.7
I
75.6
1I
*9.3 ;\
84.7
l
77,1 j
i
:
38.8 1
38.3 ;
*
38.2
36.2
30.2 j
2^.2
i
SOOTH ATLANTIC
Private
Navy
GULP:
Private
j
I
i
U.5
18.7 !
1*2.5
1*5.6
75.3
72.3
7*.8
70.8
81.0
;
70.2
72.5
!
68,2
i
»
71.*
37.3
35.2
I 38.9
’ 29.5
:
1
*1.8
29.6
2>%5
;
22.9
.
23.*
11.0
I$ a
!
:\
10.9
17.6
t
'
!
1
!
j
i
•
w
13.£
i
;
{
t
9.6
15.8
|
*
t
39.*
:
11.6 ;1
>
i
37.8
35.5
7.1 .
32,5 •:
7.5 i
30.3 ;:
7.3
28.::
11.5
i
Private
Navy
1
!
GREAT LAKES:
(
Private
1
#:
1
*.3 I
i
j
INLAND;
;
156.3
I
j
PACIFIC
„m 9„
jm.
11 December1 November* October * Decomber! November
12.9
<i
2.9 ]!t
to. 9
3*.i
7.0
27.1
10.9
;
3*.2
6.8
|
*
27.*
j
2.5
\
2.6
1
i
t
2.9
X
1
Private
y
:
*.5
'
t
3.5 i
3.2
The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering cn the Atlantic
In the following states: Connecticut; Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
New Hautpshire, New Jersey, New Vo:*k, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont.
The South Atlantic region l'.mludes- all yn,vds 1,ordering cn the Atlantic in
the following states; Georgia, 7:.r*'*i.r*4a, >;orta Or.rolxna, and South Carolina.
The Gulf region includes ail y.irus» bcrderir^; on the Gulf cf Mexico in
the following states: Alabama, Florida, Louisianaj Mississippi, and Texas»
The Pacific region Includes all yards in California, Oregon, and
Washington,
The Great Lakes region Includes all yards bordering on the Great Lakes in
the following states: Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Penn
sylvania, and Wisconsin,
The Inland region includes all other yards.
A* 12
TABUS 6t
Federal Civilian Employment and Fay Rolls In All Areas and in Continental United States,
and Total Civilian Government Bjnployaent atKj pay {\0ij 5 in Washington, C. C. 1/
(In thousands)
Pay rolls
(total for month)
Area and branek
2252.
December j Ifoyemfcer | October
All Areas
TOTAL FEDERAL
Executive
Defense agencies
Post Office Department
Other agencies
Legislative
Judicial
Continental
United States
TOTAL FEDERAL
Executive
Defense agencies
Post Office Department
Other agencies
Legislative
Judicial
Ii
|
!|
2*508.9 j 2,152.0 j 2,117.4
2 ,496.9 j 2,139.9 j 2,105.3
995.9
\
811.8 1
689,2 i
8.1 !
3.9 1
i»
:
S
i
{
970,0 j
<*82.2 S
687*7 I
8.2 |
|
3 . 9
i3
2*352.8 1 2,000,3
2,3*10,9 !1 1,988.3
885.6 jI
862.9
808.9
480.1*
61*6.4
645.0
8,2
8.1
3.8
3.8
256.2 |
20.3 !
235.9
227.1
74.1
12.7
140.3
8.1
i
1
i
|
!
:
.7 !
Data for Central Intelligence Agency are excluded*
8.2
3.9
! 1 .968.3
i 1 .956.3
828.3
i 482.0
646.0
8.2
!
r
i
247.9 |
20.4 j
227.5 ;
218.6 !1
72.4 I1
7.6 j
138.6 i
8.2 j
.7 |
See the glossary for definitions
1/
689,2
I October
££88,620 : $621,491
£83,884 j 616,609
266,958 ! 273,633
213,247 1 129.869
213.107
203,679
3,207
3.292
1.590
1.529
j$613,359
| 608,511
| 267,622
I 129,665
i 2(1,224
3.250
1.598
i
.Washington. D, C.
TOTAL GOVERNMENT
D. C. government
Federal
Executive
Defense agencies
Post Office Department
Other agencies
Legislative
Judicial
932.3
483.8
oaaa.
December ; November
M
244.8
20.1
224.7
215.8
70,3
7.5
137.5
8.2
•7;
652,050
583.978 1 576,155
579.140
647,358
242,681
212,460
192,217
3.207
1.485
84,457
5,570
78.88?
75.388
23,683
4,872
46.833
3.207
292
1 571.357
248,667 ! 243.233
129.“13 ; 129,178
201,060 ! 198,946
3.250
3.292
1.546
1.5W
j
i
!
!
|
j
!
:
;
85.379 i
5.796 j
79.584
75.991
24,545
2,888
48,558
3.292
!
!
{
|
!
I
301 j
84.657
5,680
78,977
75,424
24.495
2.892
48,037
3,250
303
A:13
T A B L L *]%
Employees
in N o n a g r i c u l t u r a l •Esrtablistiraents b y I n d u s t r y D i v i s i o n ,
/ b y iTfcate
^ In t h o u s a n d s )
TotAl
State
Dec»
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
Califo r n i a
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Dist* of Col#
Florida
Georgia JJ
Itfa'ho
Illinois
Iixd-iana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
M a ss a c h u se tts
MiChl-gan
Minnesota
M ississippi
Missouri
M in in g
194^
JL25.Q.
i
Dec,
Not.
m
Nov*
25.0 25,6
l6"',2
VjOmO
157.7 12*2 12.4
291*0 6.8- 7.0
306 #6 3 0 4 , 0
3/3§0.8 3,350,2 3,146,1 34.0 33*8
10.2
368,6. 36o,4i ^4,3.2
' .0
So8,4
792.5
i/
826.3
817*2
769.0
673
4,4
4/
6.2
4.2
136.6
5*6
5.7
125*3
3 ,080.2 N.A. N.A,
1.29:.3 1 ,280.6 1 , 180.6 14.0 i4,o
005.3
3.6
099*4
90.7
b8
474.6
if82.2
$.5 17.0 16,9
132.8
N «A •
N'.iC.
K •ii«
2b0,b
2^7.8
N* A#
249.3
722.9
6;i0.5
1,735*5 1.708.5 1,668.4
7.2.3
820,9
816.3
.7
I.9
4/
fh
67.4
44.9
4.3
5,2
47,8
14,1
13.8
19.3
237,9
26.1
38.3
m
9,9
16,1
203.1
20.2
2/33,4
54.8
32.4
N •ii.•
48.1
29.5
N•A •
8,6
106,0
7 #1
34,9
34,1
24.6
k x .o
5.5*2
57.6
10.8
^ 9,4
61.4
8.7
47.7
11.2
13,1
31.5
44.1
26.1
52.6
45,5
33*4
10,5
9t3
9,6
10.5
3,3
47.5
9.8
16.3
4.5
53.0
13.0
4/
3.3
9.4
9r7/
17.9
40.0
8.0
14.9
7*7
87.4
69.8
5 ,851 .1+ 5.744.6 5 , 5 9 2 to
10.7
3: l
O klahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
3qu£h C a r o l i n a
•South Dakota
,2
4/
274
4.9
6,7
4.3
3.4
9.9
83.4
15*0
io'»o
11.0
10,4
233,7
248.9
2,05.7
1,0
,8
8,2
10.3
5*6
48.3,4 467.7 44.0 43.4
492.5
1.4
4 .2.0
1.4
4.4.3
410,9
3 ,730.4 3,687.8 3,5054 1-6.7 187.2
302.8
283.6
306.2
it/]
4/
468.1
462.2
439.2
1.0
170
119.4
119.6
117.8
2.3
2.7
42.2
1.3
33.3
26.2
1 0,2
14.3
iw’
i
L66.5
30*3
20.7
139.2
It).4
6.2
8.1
I S
42.3
46,9
3«V7
13.0
14.0
4.5
ro .2
4.o
43.4
17.9
40.4
1.9
47.1
21.5
33*6
16.1
6.9
31:5
116,7
H5*3
111.1
756»i
748.1
721.8
201.2
199.1
i ?5.4
99*4
97,4
696.1
534.3
1 ,052.6 i,o4o.i
t'2.1
82.7
693.6
53 o *6
i.
2J
18.0
227,2
27.7
38.3
41.4
New York JL/
North Carolina
^o'rth Dakota
3ee footnotes
13,5
1^,0
&
Tenn^us^ee
Texas
J t a h 1/
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
29,9
11.8
7,4
33,4
10,6
Cofa.traot C o n struction
I S I
i m
Dec i
Nov#
Dac«
778.1 -16.4 16; 7
3.8
II,5
Nebra s k a
Nevada
N e w ,Eamps hire
N e w Jersey
New Mexico
Doc,
3.4
17.0
61,0
26.4 2 A
,6
ii
2*6
2.0
4/
4/
1 ,178.0 1,1-3 *8; 1 ,126,9
152. D1 14
l49»l
321.0 30L-,
324,4
51.0
55*1
39 ••4
169.8
169.3 164; 1
1 ,692,2 1 ,671.0 1,575.6
149.0
.141,6
150.0
Montana
J 9 W
95.1
3,4
13.0 13.1
107.0 106.0
13.7
1.0
23.4
13*4
202,6
£
2,6
13.1
97,6
13.1
1.0
1.0
22.2 , 24.2
642.6
3.1
3.3
1518,7 J :Q ik 128.9 131,0
971.4
3*2
3.5
9.4
9.2
7;>*0 s . 3
24.4
4.2
a t e n d of t a b l e a n d e x p l a n a t o r y n o t e s 9 s e c t i o n s G a n d H *
l4'.2
i*s.l
25,7’
44.0
A:l4Ta BLE 7 :
.riaployees i n N o n a g r i c u l t u r a l E s t a b l i s h m e n t s b y I n d u s t r y D i v i s i o n ,
by State
(in thousands)
State
Alabama
Ar i zona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Dist* of Col*
Flo r i d a
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kans as
Kentu c k y
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Mi n n e s o t a
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
N e w Hampshire
N e w Jersey
N e w Mexico
N e w York
N o rth Carolina
N or t h Dakota
Ohio
O k l ahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
JRhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas :’
Utah
Vermont'
V i rginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
>»ee f o o t n o t e s
Manufacturing
i m
I
2E
Dec#
Nov,
222,0
211.3 51.7 51.7 50.3
22.1 22.0
21.1
'I*? 31.7 32.4
00,7
31.1
1 1 .7
823.1
688.7 312.2 312,2 304,2
63.8 , 55.9 42.8 43.2
40.4
4-00.2 2/3=2.£ 4l.7 41.6 2/41.4
15*9
76.7
810.7
63.3
*+o*+. 0
48. »f
15*3
102.5
290.0
20.5
N.a .
596,3
152.0
101.8
N.a.
N •A •
107.7
227.0
M
7 07 0
221.3
16 .4
Af8 .2
16.0
97.6
291.7
269.1
N.A.
18.8
1 ,119*5
N.A.
149.7
519*5
148.5
23.6
596.0
99.3
N. a *
144.5
107.9
223.8
708.6
358.9
3*53*8
19.6
52.8
3* 3
3.3
80.3
767.3
12.3
42.8
16.4
97.6
28.8
67.3
68.5
1,131.8 1,142.8
2J3.3
2°1*^
18.3
52.9
Dec,
Trans. & pub, u t .
1 9 0 0 ___ ~19**9
Dec, Nov, Dec,
19*9
7c>5.4
12.1
17.0
28.7
30.1
6^.4
66.1
68 . 3 ' 65.6
15.6
284.3
100.9
59.0
59.7'
56,5
77.0
17.3
N.~.
115.5 111.6
62,6 63.1
8*5.2 62.6 63.1
138 .1 N.A, N •A •
139.1 N.A. 76,8
18.5 i *,6
99202.0 75.5 74,9
644-. 3 136.1 135.9
68.6
l40,2
1 .490.5
152.0
216.1
11.1
0.5
257.1
>0,3
31*3
375.4
31*1
238.2
138.0
449.8
h.s
371.2
3?.4
238.1
178.2
139.2
’
*1 :f
Dec.
3.29, 0
121.6
eS:l
98.2
72.8
815.0
1 2 f-»,9
41,9
74.6
140,5
94.1
132.0
, 95.7
2/135*5
98.1
92.0
97.4
192.4
183.4
182*5
16.2
3% 4
N.a.
255,3
170.7
123.2
244.5
Soj. 9
44,7
4o.6
N.A.
165.5
813.7
35.8
247.5
169.1
1 22 . 3
70.7
135.1
134.7
335.3
91.2
84.3
222.7
215.0
217.7
328.2 124.8 124.9
17.8 22.5 23.0
47.9 4i.i 42.5
121.7
20.9
38.4
8.2
10.3
132.7
14.7
310.6
37.1
300.0
305.3
37.4
92.9
11,0
30.0
931.7
1^ 4.5
88.4
lc.3
79.°
3.1
.74.9
10t6
10.8
137,5
15,1
093.7
8.5
$.?
10.5
137.9
10.2
5*9
14.0
14.3
.2 1 ,095.7
•O
63.2 49.8 50.0
i4*:. 0
117.7 4&.1 48.3
1 ,494.3 1,341.1 343.6 340.")
1 *52.9
135.1 16,0 •lS.i
201.6 26,1 2o .0
215.5
ll.S
11.1 11.3 11.4
255.8
1949
Nov,
Deci
119.3
N.A,
139.0
50.3
128.5
317 .s
1.535.4 1 , 9 3 5 .0 1 ,760.8 490,6 482.6
401.0 52,8 ^ 2.1
422.9
6.3
1.268.4
Trade
2.
2 .0 59.6
5 9 ,6
340.5 221,2 218.3
2l/.1 21 .-; 22.0
34.5
222.9
l>6.8
126.0
388.0
6.5
9.1
80,1
63.4
*2*1
76.7
14# 9
9*1
80.1
64.3
52.6
lb .1
a t e n d of t a b l e a n d e x p l a n a t o r y n o t e s ,
K .A.
N.A.
52.9
36.4
93.4
11.1
96.3
11.2
29.7
277.6
34.7
30,7
292.s
35.3
118.7
144.5
52.5
129.6
34*', 6
286.1
33.5
492.9 1 , 329.8 1 ,266.8 1 ,293.3
168.1
176.9
176.9
32.3
38.1
38.4
13.4
37.7
’
48.8
4«,2
315.0
16 .'3
25 .'4
10.8
128.0
108.6
729.2
6.6
92.2
37.0
?6,7
lil'.l
2014
176,1
•2>9
V''k
60.8
4y •0
74.3
13.8
12 S.
*23 *3'
688.9
86.4
36.7
165.9
542.6
'48.1
18.9
189*1
168,1
93*9
17.8
sections G and
174.8
176.8
15 .5
179.0
86,4.
211.2
H'.
38.5
H20.7
164.4
±
88.0
521.9
4«,7
1.7.9
220.4
122.8
103.3
700.7
•i4.9
17.2
45.9
162.4
90.8
218.5
17.0
T A B L E 7*
A: 15
E m p l o y e e s in N o n a g r i c u l t u r a l E s t a b l i s h m e n t s by I n d u s t r y D i v i s i o n ,
by S t a t e
( i n thoiisands)
State
Finance
1950 ' • 1949
Nov*
Dec.
Dec*
_
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado.
Connecticut
Delaware
Dist# of Col#
Florida
Georgia
1 7 .4
5.2
7.9
li*8.o
13.8
37.0
23.3
3 1.2
2 4 .3
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
3.7
N.A.
34. 2
23.4
16.0
N.A.
n .a .
6,8
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
N$w Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
N^w York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
•South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
west Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Service
ic>50__
Nov#
Dec,
__
1949
Dec,
105,6
36.5
55.0
572*3
68.9
69.7
1 1 .0
256.2
119.6
1 2 7 .1
101.8
3 5 .3
5 2 .3
542.5
65.8
6 5 .4
10,4
247,9
1 1 5 ,1
122.0
97.6
3*<>7
51.7.
53^.7
64.1
6 8 .3
10 .2
244,5
115 .5
1 17.0
24.2
13.9
N*A*
3 5 1 ,2
88.S l4l*3
64,5 100.2
46.6
83.3
N.A.
54 .-4
H.A.
63?1
41.2
2 >.2
104.9 100.7
I99.4 224.1
23.5
H.A.
133.4
94.9
79.0
N.A.
92.5
39.1
96.7
208.8
24,0
3^ 9 ,0
1 3 2 ,7
9 7 ,5
79 .8
80,0
93.9
40.2
93.2
215.2
235.2
1 1 6 .1
65.0
1 5 1 .6
2 8 ,3
63.1
11.7
20.7
186.5
33.3
222**
111.1
62.7
140*2
27.5
'59.0
11*4
19.6
176.0
32.4
225.0
1 1 3 .8
64.3
145,9
27.0
60,8
10,4
20.5
173.3
31.8
7i4.o
10 9 .3
3 0 .1
3 16 .1
100.9
S k .*?
36f».o
32.7
54.7
33»o
6 5 8 .3 692.4
105.2 106 .O
29.0
29.4
298.3 298.1
96.5
92.9
82.8
63.8
344.2 34^.6
30.9
3 1 .0
64.1 - 61.8
31,6
31.2
16 .0
5.0
7.6
140.6
50*7
20.4
34.6
438,2
43.6
77.2
50.8
19.6
3 4 .7
^ 39.2
**3*5
77.5
f/1.3
!9*f
33.8
427,7
>3.5
2/76.1
22.9
31a
24,7
2 1 ,3
2 7 .5
23.8
57.0
57.8
5 8 .3
7**.7
7**.1*
73.5
1&4.6
33.1
22.7
14.3
14.4
17.2
6.7
29.8
76,2
14,3
N. a .
8 9 .6
63.6
46,8
Ni^a
N.A*
22.8
105.9
1S:*7
14.4
**-•A •
89.6
64.5
46.3
79*8
3.7
N.A,
3*+. 2
2 3 .I
16.1
N.A.
17.5
6 .7
3 1 .1
7?. 3
64.3
23.7
10 6.5
196.9
36.2
3 6 .1
3^.9
96*5
96.9
9*+«7
;;o.8
3.9
16,4
1.2
Po,8
3.9
16.4
1.2
j+,5
58 .2 ,
50,2
3.8
15.4
1.1
4.4
57.0
3.9
124.5
125.5
18.7
ie.7
3 8 .3 ' 3S .2
11,4 1 1 1 .5
16.2
1 7 .2
162.8
164.7
2 1.9
2 2 .3
126.2
12.9
3&.1
10.6
1 6 .3
159.6
22.0
;«.o
k .3
1 7 .3
7.8
146*5
13.7
37.0 2/ 36,8
386.4
19.5
k .2
386 .1
19.^
4,2
384.4
3-9*6
3.8
750.8
756.0
752.1
1 3 .6
13.7
1 3 .0
!'/•$
14,0
116,7
10.7
8.6
4,1
17.8
I4,t>
116 .1+
io.7
S'*5
4,6
16 .5
13.8
1 1 4 .3
10,2
7.7
4,o
*0.0
48,1
348.6
24.1
3J5.0
14.2
2 2 .1
op-.5
5*8
2,8
2M
24.8
75.5
229.7
19.5
10,2
7;-. 7
2 30 .4
19.4
1 0 .0
75*3
22;i.l
lc.8
10,1
75*5
9.3 ’3?.^
9^.6
30.7
9.4
1.7
76.5
;j9* c
99.2
10 ,2
?*•. 6
A*,
92.5
8 .5
2 3 .1
*•3
2.8
2<j.8
25*9
94
3Ut>
1 .8
75.6
2.§
2-,,8
26.0
9.6
31. f>
1.8
,
Government
-I960... ] 1949
Dec.
Dec,
Nov#
..
51.6
50.7
48.4
45.1
,'49.8 , 343.6
24.8
25.5
3>.0
3^.3
14.1 , i4.o
1 10 .7 106,4
291.7 278.7
48.8
47.1
1 5 .5
14.7
146.3 141.2
l4l.i 136.6
58.2
56.3
131.7 s 1^4.7
l-.l j i**.7
1------•alee f o o t n o t e s a t e n d o f t a b l e a n d e x p l a n a t o r y n o t e s 9 s e c t i o n s G a n d H #
1 0 7 .1
274 .4
4 3.5
1 *1,3
135 .9
125.5
JL
S
58.0
126.7
14.7
A:l6
TABLE
E m p l o y e e s in N o n ' a g r i c u l i i r a l E s t a b l i s h m e n t s , b y I n d u s t r y D i v i s i o n ,
by ^tate
»^ee explanatory not; s, sec.tl^n# $ ^.nd n.
* Ttu manufacturing series f ^ r
^tat* # ***# based on tho iy h 2 Social
Security Board Classification (<ftlv^rs ar^ ©& t>,* 19**5 Standard Industrial
Classification j +
1/ Revised series) not strictly «kmj*ar?ibl8 with previously published data#
1 / Not comparable with curr^-ht data*
3 / Mining combined with contract constriction#
ty/ Mining combined with service#
N#a*# - Hot available#
A:i?
TABLE 8: Employees in NcnagricuJturn! Est:/:Mish;nontp
(la, tiiv;.cmids)
\y Iadj.rtry
Division, Selected Areas
ifosfcar of Bmnlovees
1949
1950
Nov.
Deo.
Doc.
Nuinbei of Sriolcyees
19S0
1949
2Tov,
Dec,
Dec.
ARIZOKA
Phoenix
Mining
Ifenufacturizig
Trans* & Pub, Ut, l/
Trade
Finance
Service
N.A.
K.JL
IT.A.
itf.A.
IT.A.
H.A.
IT.A.
21.A.
IT.A*
11.A.
IT.A.
J.A.
.Tucson
i&aing
lfemfcicturixxg
Trans, &Piib, Ut, 1^
Trade
Finance
Service
N.A,
H.A,
li.At
:t.a .
it.a .
IT.A.
B.A.
17.A,
H.A,
H.A.
ARKANSAS
Little Rock
Total
Conte Const,
Ifcmfacturiu^:
Tran®, & Pub, Ut,
Trade
Finance
Service 2f
G-ovornment
65,6
6,1
11.7
6*5
18,7
3.S
8,6
10,5
V.A.
.1
9.0
7.3
20,5
5.0
9.5
(KIKSSMCCT
Br5,d,ceDort •
Cent. Coast, z!
HamfeiCturing
Irens. & Pub. Vtf
Tttedo
Finance
Service
<$.3
61.3
4,9
17,9
2.1
5,7
4.4
61.6
5.0
17,2
2,1
5.7
*T.A.
::.a .
HA.
3,A.
iuA,
3.A.
1.4
1.8
2,0
8,7
.9
4.9
Hartford.
Cont. Const. 2j
$4i»4i*actur3ng
$rmxs, & Bib. Ut,
Iiado
Finance
S&rvioe
7.5
711,2
5,9
39.1
23.3
10,4
7.8
68,3
6.9
37.2
'23.3
10.4
it.a .
'tVsv Britain
Coii^a Const, o j
It’
/ttifcvcturln?
liens. & Pub, Ut,
TraAo
Finance
Service
1.0
28.2
1.3
5,2
,6
1.3
27.8
1.3
4,7
,5
1,3
1,0
IT.A.
HA.
H.A.
3.A.
IT.A.
H.A.
Sow %.von
Ct-nt* Const.
i&anifttctaring
Taans, 4 Prib. TJt,
Trado
Fiaimoe
Sjrvico
5,8
43.5
13.0
21, i)
4.8
8.4
5.6
.44*2
13.1
20.6
4,7
8.5
H.JU
IT.A.
HA.
31 A,
n.
IT.A.
1,9
43.5
2.5
9.1
1,0
2.6
3,0
43.1
3,5
8,7
1.0
3,6
H.A.
h a .
11A.
»j.A.
IT.A.
21.A.
15.0
15.3
31.6
5.9
11,6
13.3
15.9
14,5
30.8
5.9
11,7
13.2
13.8
14.7
31.6
5.5
11.2
13.9
62.9
5,7
11.0
6,3
17,8
3.3
8.3
10,8
65,3
6.4
11,3
8.8
18.3
3,5
8,6
10,5
CALHD3TIA
Los Aeurelus
Hfcmfacturinf
488,7
<56,3
384wQ
San Piego
I/bxBifacturing
suo
31,8
21.8
San Iranoisco^Qokland
Meuaufaltering
Son uose
Manufacturing
CQLOBAtO
Denver
VTining
Cont, Const,
^femfocturing
Irons, & Puib, Ut*
Trade
fimnoe
i
171,3
171,7
151.5
19,5
21.7
17,2
Tiatsrbuxy
Cont. Coast, 2f
Ifenafacburing
Treins. & Pu1>. Ut*
Tmde
Finance
Swrvleo
1.0
12,5
34,4
83.5
513.7
8,7
mmnA
vaoksanvillfi
Mizmfactvirinc
Teens. & Put, Ut,
Irixde
Pinance
Service 2 /
OmMznn«ait
1.0
18.9
«..o
2^9
39.1
3.6
1.0
17.5
40.4
55,0
56,9
3,6
8©e footnotes at end of t»!blo and a3q>lany.toxy notes, saetians G-, H, and X,
11.A.
11.A.
U.A.
&A.
:;.a .
A! 18
TMJS
8l
S n p lo y o o s I n Ilo n tv T ric u lto r si E te ta b lis h o e a ta 'by In d u s tr y D iv is io n , S o le c to d Ar-tas
(hi
thousnzids)
Sunfcor of Ess? Lovoos
1949
1950
ftov. :.£p<b
Dgo,
ISadbj? of Smloflte^s
1SBDITov,
LDbc#
5L0BIT& (Cont1* ,)
l&Tuai
limufvxsiiuring
Trans* & Pub, Ut,
Trade
Pincvncc
Sofrvice 2j
Grovyranunt
TamprwSt. P:.t.'rsbur£
Total
Cont> Const*
Mmuff;.cturing
Trans, &Pu'u. Ut,
Trade
VixiLince
Service 2 j
Government
GEORGIA
Atlanta 3 /
•Manufacturing
Savannah 3 /
Ifcnufactusing
1949
Doe#
16,4
51*6
56*4
8*9
32.4
17*4
16,9
30*8
50.8
8*9
28*8
1 6 ,8
13,5
30,9
® ,6
8,2
39,8
17,6
110,2
9 .4
21,6
9 ,6
37,7
5.1
H i
12,9
106,7
9*7
21.1
9 ,5
35,4
5*1
13,8
1 Z .Z
106,5
9,8
20,9
M
36,1
4 ,6
13,7
I* Vs
61*8 . 61,8
57,8
BEStS (Oont’ d .)
I’crpckr. (Coat'd.)
Co£»t, CkxuSt,
Mhr;ufacturi«fe
Trans, & Pub-, Vt,
T*r do
2'lr/yxoo
6cj%vic*
Govemnmt
It 7
5,3
7,0
9 ,0
2 ,0
4,1
9 ,0
1 ,9
6 ,2
7 ,0
8,6
2 ,0
4 ,2
8 ,0
Total
LSu
Conte Const,
^raii;jjoturiag
Tranr, -2c Pub, Ut,
Srruiv
yirzuioo
Service
3ovcrnio»it
89,3
1.1
4.8
33,4
6,9
23,7
3,7
8,7
7,1
86*3
3 ,2
4 ,9
31,0
6,9
23.0
3 ,7
8*7
7,0
75.7
1 .2
4,0
23.2
6.6
32.2
5.5
8 ,4
6 .7
15,1
IT.A*
50,8
47.5
Total
Ccx.t, Coast,
^aui'aciturisg
Tr?’r*ss « Pub, Ut,
$R.ido
Viaanvoi;
Svrvioo jg/
GoW';xiii».nt
46,3
2,1
11.8
5.5
13,7
2, *£
7 .4
3,4
46,1
2 ,2
11,7
5,8
13,3
2 ,4
7,6
3 ,3
44,2
1.9
10.7
5,5
13.0
2.3
7.4
3.4
:.c:-T38eMA
Biluth.
Total
Coat, Coi;i;t*
I-Jbnsifacturi^g
Tmns, 3: Pub, Ut,
Tn^dc
ri'i/mcc
S.rvioo 2j
Gorrovnmuixt
41*5
2 ,2
11.4
6 ,2
11,0
1 .4
5.1
4 .2
43.3
2 ,4
11,7
7 ,7
10,7
1#4
5,2
4,2
39.3
1 .9
10.7
.5,8
10.6
1 ,4
4.9
3.1
266,8
259,4
251.7
6.5
6.8
8,8
1.9
4,2
8.9
io d isl -:^
ilew Orisons
Hinsifr-cturiang
13*2
1.9
12,0
:a f f s
DDUtil
Jb rt TTavne
*otnl
Ifcixufacturing
Noxmunufaeturinn;
Indiwaspolis
Toted
Conte Const,
Manufncturlog
Trans* & Pub* Ut,
Trade
Timaoo
Oth$r Honmfg* 4 /
I® 1
Jfes Ifcinos
Ifenufojctxirirag
79*3 1 79,0
43,0
a, 5
37*2
37, S
68,4
33,4
35,1
f£7*4
1**2
107*9
36,0
64,0
13*3
45,1
£63, 3
13,6
10B,7
24,8
61,2
13,3
44,7
239,3
10, S
85* 4
23.3
61,7
12,7
45,5
17,7
17,4
17,9
39*1
•1
38# 7
♦1
38,6
el
chsas
ToBuha
Total
I&ning
800 footnotes at cad of table and esplemtory nates,
l&nac&Dolis
Total
socticeis G, H, and I,
A! 1 9
T/BI5 8t
BnployQ cs i n H o & ag rio u liu ro l I s t a b l i s h n e n t s t>y In d u s tr y D iv is io n , S o le c t o d A im s
( i n thou srn & s)
llxti& jT of Smnloyoos
Pec,
Hov,
15,4
MEmafacturiiig
71.2
26*4
62,1
IS* 5
28*9
26# 4
1x7,4
7,5
41,9
20# 7
38*2
8.3
14# 4
16.3
Trade
Finance
Serviceg f
O
ovom
oent
16*5
70.6
25.8
78# 4
16.5
29*0
22*6
146.6
8# 3
42. 5
30.2
36.6
12.7
62,1
25*4
80,6
15.7
28,4
26.7
139*1
6,6
37# 9
19.9
36,5
8.2
8.2
14.5
16.2
13.9
18.1
MISSOURI
KansasCity(including
KansasCity#Kansas)
lotcl
M
ining
C
ont#Const,
M
anufacturing
Trans. & P
ub*U
t#
Trade
Tincnce
Service
0-ovom
oB
D
nt
St. IiQUiS
14umfac.turing
327*3
.9
16,8
93.8
39.8
96.3
16.7
40.1
3 M
210.1
334.0
,9
17# 6
91.4
40# 0
94.4
18.4
40.5
312.7
20.8
20. E
206,3
.8
14# 4
85.1
39.2
95,0
17.9
39.8
189*8
mrm.
Beno
Cent*Const*
M
anufox?turitig3/
Trgtns, &
Pub*U
t*
Trade
finance
Service
2.2
1.6
2.9
5.7
2.4
1,6
1,6
3.0
5.4
1.4
2,9
5.5
♦8
4.9
,8
,e
5.0
L ?
Hanehestor
20.8
taring
Sea f o o t n o te * a t o sd
0#
364.0
362*3
326.1
■:;5.5
46*0
41*0
5,9
5.6
4.6
11.7
2# 4
6*0
2#*x
6*3
^3
4.3
10,9
&0
6.0
6,0
6,2
J^baay^flc^^octn^y^Troy
llmufocturing
83.0
32*0
76.5
Binghar^ton-Sndi cottw
Johnson City
llnufactur ing
36.9
36*8
35.9
Buffalo
"I nufcicburing
197# 0
196.0
171,6
Ela&m
Marazfactur ing
16*4
16,2
12,9
Kingst en-HewburghPougfckeo-psie
Iv^aiufc,ctur ing
34.9
35,2
34.2
1036,7 1039,3
861.9
901,1
969,3
877.6
.%£*-
Newark
Cont. Const#
O
ont*Cojist.
$tm
ufbcturing
Irons*&P
ub
#U
t#
UovT
:E 7 jehsst
M
inneapolis (Cont*!,)
St. PaKl
Totel
1950
Bpc»
Bcc,
MKttBSOai (Con**cU)
Trans, &
Pub*tJt*
trade
Tincnco
Service 2^
G-ovomrocnt
Ifambor o f Smplovoes
1949
1 99 0
20,5
Ifcsnfnoturing
IrpntMm
■.tumfacturhig
IE7LEKIC0
Al'buqucrgya
Coat:, Const*
Lfcnufacturing
Trans* 5? Pub, ^t*
Tm&o
Fiiicnco
Service ^
5.6
4.7
11.6
Y OPX
3
!W York City /
Mamfrictuying
Tirde
Hoca..vst(,ir
Mayufr*ctur ing
106,0
106.4
93.5
Irraause
!l«r5xfn,cturing
58.6
58.4
48.4
TJti ca-HomDwScrkimrw
L ittle Falls
. l-'f^mfacturing
47.0
47.1
41,7
IB. 6
tc4>le m * e a ^ p liw to x y n o te s * s e c t io n s &, H, and 1 ,
M
TABES 8 :
20
Em ployees i n H o n s g r ic u ltu r o l E s ta b lis h m e n ts b y In d u s tr y D iv is io n , S e le c t e d A reas
( i n thou sand s)
Hmtiber o f Sm ployeos
.R u b e s o f Em ployees
13m
Pec.
ITov,
Pec,
22,0
22.0
20.3
irara c i B x m
Charlotte
M
anufacturing
oki a m
O
klahom
aCity
M
ining
Ifeimfacturiiig
Trans*&Pub*Ut,
Trade
Finance
Service
Tulsa
lining
Ifem
facturing
Trcrns. &P
ub*Ut,
Tm
de
Finance
Service
BH3EISL&®
Providence
ifanufacturing
5*4
14.0
10.9
36.0
7,0
13.4
9,8
18,3
5,6
13.6
10.6
35,1
7,1
13,3
9,2
10*0
i8a
10,6
25,9
4,5
9,3
24,3
4,6
9,5
IT.A,
13,0
H* A*
N
.A,
IT. A,
IT.A,
IT, A.
13,6
H.A,
ii.A,
IT,A.
H,A b
181,6
142,6
SOUTH CABOLm
Colunfeia
24aiufc.cturing
SOUTH DAKOTA
Sioux Ralls
Ifeoufacturing
9,3
7,7
4# 9
8.9
7,9
4,9
8,4
7 .1
K,JU
Tsede
FinaxtP®
Service
G
overnm
ent
,2
•2
43,9
5.3
17,6
2*5
9,2
8,0
43,8
5.3
16,5
2,5
9,2
7,8
37.0
4.9
16.0
2,4
9.3
7.4
2,4
40.5
2,4
39.9
2,5
33,4
a
Raoyville
M
ining
Ifcmfaoturing
SrfgjiUt
Manufacturing
Tm
ris, & Rib, Ut,
Tm
de
Seyvico
G
-oveirusent
frit. fate-fitig?/
M
ining
Cent, Const,
l&mfacturing
Trans*&P
ub*Ut. l/
Tm
de
Finance
Boc,
7,2
J.0,0
3.5
7.1
18,7
3.5
8.6
8 .6
20.6
12.5
13,5
,4
40,2
17.5
44.6
5,9
,5
40.6
17.2
43.3
5.9
21.7
16,2
21.8
17,0
6.3
3. ru
8,7
12,3
.4
38.6
17,3
45.8
5,4
22,2
12.9
34,3
34,5
32.6
10.8
10,8
io, r
23,1
5,7
13,9
13,5
22*1
23.5
5.3
13.7
13.6
5,7
13,8
13,0
5,9
5.9
8 ,2
8,6
15,1
6,8
29*9
4,7
15.4
6.9
28.4
5*9
6.3
13.3
6,7
28.3
4.4
5,5
5,4
5,3
253*9
13.3
61.9
25.3
68.5
14.4
32.5
37.9
290,7
14,0
63.3
25.5
65.4
14.4
32.4
35,8
240,5
11,7
56*1
24.6
67.7
13.6
32.6
34,4
7jra?CT0H
Seattle
Total
Cont, Const,
Ifcnufacturing
Trans. &Pub, Ut,
Trade
Finance
Service^
Government
S e e f o o t n o t e s a t end o f t a b l e read e x p la n a to x y n o te s * s e c t io n s 0 , Ht and I ,
IToVt
V2FLD11T
Burlington
Ifem
facturing
TExIIISSTSE
Chattanooga
Tuning
14m
ufaoturing
Trans*&Pub. Ut,
jfenpM
s
lining
Mmfacturing
Trans, &Pub. Ut,
Trade
Finance
Service
G
ovem
nm
t
Pec*
mm
figgtg sfa>a
14om
fe.cturing
!2
H
L
'‘?lE
s)S
S
[S(Cont^d
.*
)
Knoxville (ContB
d,)
Trans#&Pub, Ut,
Tm
de
Finance
Service
G
?ov::m
m
cnt
Finance*
161,3
1940
1950
194 9
At 21
T/JBL3 85
Em ployees i n E o n c g r i c u li u r r l £st.?Jblish m on ts 'by In d u s tr y D i v i s io n , S e le c t e d
Jixoas
( l a thou sand s)
Sfaribar of Emoloyoos
1349
1950
Dec.
Hov.
Doc*-
ITuabor of Siaployocs
1980
1949
2Tov.
Dec*
Dec*
'VJSHirnGS^QIT (C oatee)
Sookano
Total
Cont. Const#
24'nufcicturing
Irens* & Pub* Ut*
2rr.de
Finance
Service 2j
Gbveznmsnt
65. G
3.8
12*5
10*7
18.8
2*9
9*3
7.5
Sfecom
$btd
Cont* Const#
Jfewfacturkig
Trons. 5: Pub# Ut*
Erode
Finance
Service 2 j
Goveranssnt
65*7
4*8
12*8
10.9
18*0
2*9
9*4
7*0
71.5
70*5
4*2
4*6
18.3
17*9
5*7
6*8
15*4
1 . . 6
2.4
2.4
5*8
3.8
i 17*6
17*3
i
See esplemntoiy notes, sections C, H, cuad I .
65*2
3*3
H#5
10*0
18*4
2*8
9*0
7*1
64*2
3*6
17.1
'3ss? v rs & zm .
Cfapjrlestan
*otnl
*3ai}ig
Cont* Const#
lfonf?-.cturing
Irons* &Pub* Ut#
Finr;ice
Service
Govvmsunt
2 * 6
7.2
8*7
192*1
190.7
161.3
15*1
2 * 2
Bacino
lir$jfnoturing
^4*1
24.0
130*7
3*6
13*5
Includes mining and <$uL^rxyi*a£.
Includes mining end quarrying* service* rod ?ov<;inncnt#
97*4
22.8
5*8
24*3
8*5
17*8
6 * 1
Bevised series; not s tr ic tly coqparrxblo v?ith previously piiblirJicd d?vfcru
4/
8 * 6
98*0
22*3
5.6
26# 5
9 .0
18*8
2*8
5*9
0.4
•’
ISODKSCT
•3Ll?«aukoe
I^nufacturing
1^ Excludes interstrvfco r&ilrords.
2j
99*2
22.8
5el
26.9
9*0
17*2
2*7
7*1
jj
A ; 22
TABLE 9?
Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing Industries
(In thousands)
Industry
December * November ' October
POQIP AMD KUORSD PRODUCTS s
Heat packing, wholesale
Prepared meats
Concentrated milk
Ice cream *na ices
Flour and Mr.aJ
Cane-sugaz- refining
Beet sugar
Confectlcoery products
Halt liquors
Dlstillealiquors, except brandy
T m i l W J I L L PRODUCTS}
X a m milT.s, wool (except carpets), cotton
and silk systems
Cotton and rayon broad-woven fabrics
Woolen and .worsted fabrics
Full-fashioned hosiery mills.
Seamless hosiery mills
Knit underwear mills
Wool carpets, rugs and carpet yarn
Fur felt hats and bat bodies
34a
11.6
12.1
17.7
26.7
14.0
18.3
26.5
14.5
16.1
68.2
23.0
71.6
57.4
24.2
24.8
112.6
426.5
106.6
68.2
57.7
35.7
39.6
9.4
|
1
I
j
•
;
i
I
Mia explanatory notes, section A .
j
I
I
58,2
34.6
39.3
9.2
|
j
!
|
1
1
!
I
114.5
423.2
114.1
68.1
58.3
36.3
38,8
8.6
i
:
j
129.9 !
129.2
28.6 |
29.3 I
30.1
f
STONE, CLAY, AHD OXASS PRODUCTSI
Glass containers
Tressed and blown glass, not elsewhere
classified
Brick and hollow tile
Sewer pipe
113.9
425.3
U0.7
68.3
23.2
1i
128.4
L
j;
;i
!
j1
i
74.6
59.3
i
87.7 !
11.6 i
11.6
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS*
Plastics materials
Synthetic rubber
Synthetic fibers
Soap and glycerin
15.0
22.5
1
i
85.9
PURHITURBAMD FIXTURES s
Wood household furniture, except upholstered
Hattresses and bedsprlngs
27.2
58.**
1
APPAREL AMD OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS*
Hen's dress shirts and nightwear
Work shirts
167.4
34.6
12.5
19.0
170.3
177.5
34.4
i
•
21.5
7 .0
56.5
20.0
41.2
36.7
28.9
8.6
j
j
s
)
|
;
1
|
!
|
!
{
87.0
12.0
21,3 1
6.7 !
56.3 j
21.3
6.6
20.0 }
56.0
20*5
j
40.9
41,0
t
37.8 j
29.4 »
8.9 j
36.7
29.5
9.0
A j £3
TABLE 9:
Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing Industries (Continued)
(In thousands)
i250-
Industry
Decemberg November1 October
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES:
Gray-iron foundries
Malleable-iron foundries
Steel foundries
Primary copper, lead, and zinc
Primary aluminum
Iron and steel forgings
Wire drawing
160.3
25.6
54.8
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES:
Silverware and plated ware
25.0
37.7
76.4
31.7
37.1
76.3
31.7
36.1
76.1
31.5
81.5
84.1
61 .0
54.1
120.0
86.3
61.4
25.6
I
61.8
54.4
119.9
65.2
68.0
51.1
1
58.1
i
|
64.6
48.9
40.5
|
40.0
76.4
37.6
20.7
107.9
42.6
4i .3
80.0
38.8
20.6
103.9
43.6
42.0
190.1
i
|
|
!
|
j
i
52.6
121.4
iI
|1
:
57.3
64.2
47.0
39.4
72.4
36.9
20.2
105.1
41.7
40.3
! 192.3
187.2
j
36.6
||
35.8
j
35.9
i
i
I1
!
22.5
29.0
i|
|
|
i
.23.6
23.0
29.3
29.8
1
1
18*3
See explanatory notes, section A,
* New series; data are available from January 19^7 •
25.5
9.4
32.3
43.7
MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL):
Tractors
Farm machinery, except tractors
Machine tools
Metalworking machinery, not elsewhere
classified
Cutting tools,, .Jigs, fixtures, etc.
Computing and related machines
Typewriters
Refrigeration machinery
Ball and roller bearings *
Machine shops
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT:
Locomotives and parts
Railroad and streetcars
153.6
24.7
51.1
26.2
9.2
30.4
43.0
26*5
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE,
MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT):
Cutlery and edge tools
Hand tools, not elsewhere classified, files,
hand saws, and saw blades
Hardware, not elsewhere classified
Metal plumbing fixtures and fittings
Oil burners, heating and cooking apparatus,
not elsewhere classified
Structural and ornamental products
Boll.er shop products
Meta,! stampings
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY:
Radios and related products
Telephone and telegraph equipment and
communication equipment, not elsewhere
classified
157.3
25.1
52.9
25.2
9.3
31.0
43.4
:
!|
<|
18.3
I
-j|
18.5
1________
EXPLANATORY MOTES
Section A« Scope of the BLS Employment Series - The Bureau of Labor Statistics
publishes each month the number of employees in all nonagricultural establishments and in
the 8 major industry divisions: mining, contract construction, manufacturing, transporta
tion and public utilities, trade, finance, service, and government* Both all-employee
and production-worker employment series are also presented for 21 major manufacturing
groups, over 100 separate manufacturing industries, and the durable and nondurable goods
subdivisions. Within nonmanufacturing, total employment information is published for
o v e r 50 series. Production worker employment is also presented for most of the
industry components of the mining division.
Table 9 shows production-worker data for 60 new industries. These series
are based on the levels of employment indicated by the 19*+7 Census of Manufactures and
have been carried forward by use Of the employment changes reported by the BLS monthly
sample of cooperating establishments. These series are not comparable with the data
shown in table 3 since the latter are adjusted to bench-mark levels indicated by Social
insurance agency data through 19^ 7 ,
Hours and earnings Information for manufacturing and selected nonmanufacturing
industries are published monthly in the Hours and Earnings Industry Report and in the
Monthly Labor R e v i e w ,
Section B. Definition of Employment - For privately operated establishments
in the nonagricultural industries the BLS employment information covers all full- and
part-time employees who were on the pay roll, i.e., who worked during, or received pay
for, the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. For Federal establishments
the employment period relates to the pay period ending prior to the first of the
month; in State and local governments, during the pay period ending on or Just before
the last of the month. Proprietors, self-employed persons, domestic servants, unpaid
family workers, and members of the armed forces are excluded from the employment
information.
Section C, Comparability With Other Employment Data - The Bureau of Labor
Statistics employment series differ from the Monthly Report on the Labor Force in the
following r e s p e c t s : . (1) The BLS series are based on reports from cooperating establish
ments, while the MRLF is based on employment information obtained from household inter
views; ( 2 ) persons who worked in more than one establishment during the reporting
period would be counted more than once in the BLS series, but not In the MRLF; (3) the
BLS information covers all full- and part-time wage and salary workers in private
nonagricultural establishments who worked during, or received pay for, the pay period
ending nearest the 15 th of the month; in Federal establishments during the pay period
ending just before the first of the month; and in State and local government during
the pay period ending on or just before the last of the month, while the MRLF series
relates to the calendar week which contains the 8th day of the month; (4) proprietors,
self-employed, domestic servants, and unpaid family workers are excluded from the
BLS but not the MRLF series.
Section D. Methodology - Changes in the level of employment are based on
reports from a sample group of establishments, inasmuch as full coverage is
prohibitively costly and time-consuming. In using a sample, it is essential that a
complete count or "bench m a r k 1* be established from which the series may be carried
forward. Briefly, the BLS- computes employment data as follows: first, a bench mark
or level of employment is determined; second a sample of establishments is selected;
and third, changes in employment indicated by this reporting sample are applied to
the bench mark to determine the monthly employment between bench-mark periods. An
illustration of the estimation procedure used in those industries for which both all-
- 1 -
employee and production-worker employment information is published follows: The latest
production-worker employment bench mark for a given Industry was 50,000 in January.
According to the BLT, reporting sample, CO establishments in that industry employed
25,000 workers in January and 26,000 in February; an Increase of 4 percent. The February
figure of 52,000 would be derived by applying the change for identical establishments
reported in the January-February sample to the bench mark:
50*000 x 26,000 ,
, _
( o r ' 1 *0 U )
“ 52' 000
The estimated all- employee level of 65,000 for February is then determined by usins
that month's sample ratio (, 800} of production workers to total employment
(or multiplied by 1. 25 ) - 65 ,000,
When a new bench mark becomes available, employment data prepared since the
last bench m ar k are reviewed to determine if any adjustment of level is required. In
general, the month-to-month changes in employment reflect the fluctuations shown by
establishments reporting to the BLS, while the level of employment is determined by
the bench mark.
The pay-roll index is obtained by dividing the total weekly pay roll for a
given month by the average weekly pay roll in 1?39« Aggregate weekly pay rolls for all
manufacturing industries combined are derived by multiplying gross average weekly
earnings by production-worker employment.
Section E» Sources of Sample Data - Approximately 1^3,000 cooperating
establishments furnish monthly employment and pay-roll sched’
iles, by mail, to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics. In addition, the Bureau makes use of data collected by
the Interstate Commerce Commission, the Civil Service Commission, and the Bureau of
the Census.
APPROXIMATE COVERAGE OF MONTHLY SAMPLE USED IN
BLS EMPLOYMENT AND PAY-ROLL STATISTICS
•
S
Employees
m Number of
: Number In : Percent
* establishments i
sample : of total
Division or industry
Mining
Contract construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities;
Interstate railroads (ICC)
Rest of division (BLS)
Trade
Finance
Services
Hotels
Laundries and cleaning and dyeing plants
Governments
Federal (Civil Service Commission)
State and local (Bureau of Census quarterly)
- ii -
3,000
U6 7 ,000
19,500
3 9 ,0 0 0
539.000
9,052,000
--
1 ,32?,000
1 ,309,000
1 ,676,000
367,000
12.500
58,100
7.900
1.300
1,800
- -
m . o o o
50
26
6U
98
51
18
20
33
97.000
20
1,939.000
100
2 .450,000
62
Section P. Sources of Bench-Mark Data - Reports from Unemployment Insurance
Agencies presenting (1) employment in firms liable for contributions to State unemploy
ment compensation funds, and (2) tabulations from the Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors
Insurance on Employment in firms exempt from State unemployment insurance laws because
of their small size comprise the basic sources of bench-mark data for nonfarm employment,
Most of the employment data in this report have been adjusted to levels indicated by
these sources for 1947* Special bench marks are used for industries not oovered by the
Social Security program. Bench marks for State and local government are based on data
compiled by the Bureau of the Census, while information on Federal Government employment
is made available by the U, S. Civil Service Commission. The Interstate Commerce
Commission is the source for railroads,
Btench marks for production-worker employment are not available on a regular
basis. The production-worker series are, therefore, derived b y applying to all-employee
bench marks the ratio of production-worker employment to total employment, as determined
fi'om the Bureau's industry samples.
Section G, Industrial Classification - In the BLS employment and hours and
earnings series, reporting establishments are classified into significant economic
groups on the basis of major postwar product or activity as determined from annual
sales data. The following references present the industry classification structure
currently used in the employment statistics program,
(1)
For manufacturing industries - Standard Industrial
Classification M a n u a l , Vol, I, Manufacturing
Industries, Bureau of the Budget, November 1945;
(2)
For nonmanufacturing industries - Industrial
Classification Cod e , Federal Security Agency
Social Security Board, 1942,
Section H. State Employment - State data are collected and prepared in
cooperation with various State Agencies as indicated below. The series have been
adjusted to recent data made available by State Unemployment Insurance Agencies and
the Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance. Since some States have adjusted to
more recent bench-marks than others, and because varying methods of computation are
used, the total of the State series differs from the national total. A number of
States also make available more detailed industry data and information for earlier
periods which may be secured directly upon request to the appropriate State Agency.
The following publications are available upon request from the BLS Regional
Offices or the Bureau's Washington Office:
Nonagricultural Employment, by State, 1947-48-49;
Employment in Manufacturing Industries, by State,
I 9U 7 .48-49,
- iii
-
COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES
Alabama - Department of Industrial Relations, Montgomery 5*
Arizona - Unemployment Compensation Division, Employment Security Commission, Phoenix.
Arkansas - Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, Little Rock.
California - Division of Labor Statistics and Research, Department of Industrial
Relations, San Francisco l #
Colorado - Department of Employment Security, Denver 2.
Connecticut - Employment Security Division, Department of Labor,
Hartford 5 .
Delaware
Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Philadelphia 1, Pennsylvania.
District of Columbia - U. S. Employment Service for D. C., Washington 25 .
Florida - Unemployment Compensation Division, Industrial Commission, Tallahassee.
Georgia - Employment Security Agency, Department of Labor; Atlanta 3 .
Idaho - Employment Security Agency, Boise.
Illinois - Division of Placement and Unemployment Compensation, Department of Labor,
Chicago 54 .
Indiana - Employment Security Division, Indianapolis 9 .
Iowa - Employment Security Commission, Des Moines 8 .
Kansas - Employment Security Division, State Labor Department, Topeka.
Kentucky - Bureau of Employment Security, Department of Economic Security, Frankfort.
Louisiana - Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor, Baton Rouge 4.
Maine - Employment Security Commission, Augusta,
Maryland - Department of Employment Security, Baltimore 1*
Massachusetts - Division of Statistics, Department of Labor and Industries, Boston 10,
Michigan - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Detroit 2,
Minnesota - Division of Employment and Seeurity, St. Paul 1.
Mississippi - Employment Security Commission, Jackson.
Missouri - Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor and Industrial Relations,
Jefferson City.
Montana - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Helena.
Nebraska - Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor, Lincoln 1.
Nevada - Employment Security Department, Carson City.
New Hampshire - Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor, Concord.
New Jersey - Department of Labor and Industry, Trenton 8 .
New Mexico - Employment Security Commission, Albuquerque.
New York - Bureau of Research and Statistics, Division of Placement and Unemployment
Insurance, New York Department of Labor, 1440 Broadway, New York 18 .
North Carolina - Department of Labor, Raleigh.
North Dakota - Unemployment Compensation Division, Bismarck.
Ohio - Bureau of Unemployment Compensation, Columbus 16.
Oklahoma - Employment Security Commission, Oklahoma City 2.
Oregon - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Salem.
Pennsylvania - Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Philadelphia 1 (mfg.); Bureau of
Research and Information, Department of Labor and Industry, Harrisburg
(nonmfg.).
Rhode Island - Department of Labor, Providence 2.
South Carolina - Employment Security Commission, Columbia 10.
South Dakota - Employment Security Department, Aberdeen.
iv -
Tennessee - Department of Employment Security, Nashville 3*
Texas - Employment Commission, Austin 19.
Utah - Department of Employment Security, Industrial Commission, Salt Lake City 13 .
Vermont - Unemployment Compensation Commission, Montpelier*
Virginia - Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor and Industry,
Richmond 19 .
Washington - Employment Security Department, Olympia.
West Virginia - Department of Employment Security, Charleston.
Wisconsin - Industrial Commission, Madison 3 .
Wyoming - Employment Security Commission, Casper.
Section I, Area Employment - Figures on area employment are prepared by
cooperating State agencies* The methods of adjusting to bench marks and of making
computations used to prepare State employment are also applied in preparing area inform
ation. Hence, the appropriate qualifications should also be observed. For a number of
areas, data in greater industry detail and for earlier periods can be obtained by
writing directly to the appropriate State agency,
GLOSSARY
All Employees or Wage and Salary Workers - In addition to production and related workers
as defined elsewhere, includes workers engaged in the following activities: executive,
purchasing, finance, accounting, legal, personnel (including cafeterias, medical, etc.),
professional and technical activities, sales, sales-delivery, advertising, credit
collection, and in Installation and servicing of own products, routine office functions,
factory supervision (above the working foremen level). Also includes employees on the
establishment pay roll engaged in new construction and major additions or alterations
to the plant who are utilized as a separate work force (force-account construction
w orkers).
Continental United States
- Covers only the U 8 States and the District of Columbia.
Contract Construction - Covers only firms engaged in the construction business on a
contract basis for others. Force-account construction workers, i.e,, hired directly
by and on the pay rolls of Federal, State, and local government, public utilities, and
private establishments, are excluded from contract construction and Included in the
employment for such establishments.
Defense Agencies - Covers civilian employees of the Department of Defense (Secretary of
Defense: Army, Air Force, and Navy), National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, The
Panama Canal, Philippine Alien Property Administration, Philippine Wa r Damage Commission,
Selective Service System, National Security Resources Board, National Security Council.
Durable Goods - The durable goods subdivision includes the following major groups:
ordnance and accessories; lumber and wood products (except furniture); furniture and
fixtures; stone, clay, and glass products; primary metal industries; fabricated metal
products (except ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment); machinery (except
electrical); electrical machinery; transportation equipment; instruments and related
products; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries.
Federal Government - Executive Branch - Includes Government corporations {including
Federal Reserve Banks and mixed-ownership banks of the Farm Credit Administration) and
other activities performed by Government personnel in establishments such as navy yards,
arsenals, hospitals, and on force-account construction* Data, which are based mainly
on reports to the Civil Service Commission, are adjusted to maintain continuity of
coverage and definition with information for former periods.
Finance - Covers establishments opera'tlng In the fields of finance, Insurance, and real
estate; excludes the Federal Reserve Banks and the mixed-ownership banks cf the Farm
Credit Administration which are Included under Government..
Government - Covers Federal, State, and local governmental establishments performing
legislative, executive, and Judicial functions, as veil as all government-operated
establishments and Institutions (arsenals, navy yards, hospitals, etc,), government
corporations, and government force-account construction. Fourth-class postmasters
are excluded from table l f because they presumably have other major jjobs; they are
included, however, in table 5 .
Indexes of Manufacturing Productlon-Worker Employment - Number of production workers
expressed as a percentage of the average employment in 1935 #
Indexes of Manufacturing Production-Wopker Weekly Pay Rolls - Froductioij-worker weekly
pay rolls, expressed as a percentage of the average weekly pay roll for 1 ? 39 #
Manufacturing - Covers c&ly privately-operated establishments; governmental manufacturing
operations auch as arsenals and navy yards are excluded from manufacturing and Included
with government.
Mining - Covers establishments eri/sa^ed in the extraction from the earth of organic and
inorganic minerals which occur in nature as solids, liquids, or &ases; Includes various
contract services required in mining operations, such as removal of overburden,
tunnelling and shafting, and the drilling or acidizing of oil wellsj also includes ore
dressing, teneficiating, and concentration.
N ondurable G oods - The nondurable coeds subdivision includes the following major groups:
food and kindred products; tobacco manufactures; textile-mill products; apparel and
other finished textile products; paper and allied products; printing, publishing,, and
allied industries; chemicals and allied products; products of petroleum and coal;
rubber products; and leather and leather products.
Pay Rolls - Private pay rolls represent weekly pay rolls of both full- and part-time
production and related workers who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the
pay period ending nearest the 15 th of the month, before deductions for old-age and
unemployment insurance, croup insurance, withholding tax, bonds, and "ruon dues; also,
includes pay for sick leave, holilays, and vacations tr.l:en. Excluder, ci.sh payments
for vacations not'taken, retroactive pay not earned duiing period reported, value of
payments in kind, and bonuses, unless earned and paid regularly each pay period. Federal
civilian pay rolls cover the working days in the calendar month#
- vi -
Production and Related Workers - Includes working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers
(including lead m e n and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspec
tion, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, maintenance, repair,
Janitorial, watchman services, products development, auxiliary production for plant's own
use (e*g#, power plant), and record-keeping and other services closely associated with
the above production operations#
Service - Covers establishments primarily engaged in rendering services to individuals
and business firms, including automobile repair services* Excludes all governmentoperated services such as hospitals, museums, etc#, and all domestic service employees#
Trade - Covers establishments engaged in wholesale trade, i.e., celling merchandise to
retailers, and In retail trade, i#e#, selling merchandise for personal or household
consumption, and rendering services incidental to the sales of goods#
transportation and Public Utilities - Covers only privately-owned and operated enter
prises engaged in providing all types of transportation and related services; telephone,
telegraph, and other communication services; or providing electricity, gas, stsam, water,
or sanitary service* Government operated establishments are included under government.
Kashlnston, D. C. - Data for the executive branch of the Federal Government also Include
areas in Maryland end Virginia which are within the metropolitan area, as defined by
the Bureau of the Census,
(LS 51-5072)
- vli -
Labor - D, C#
@FedFRASER