Full text of Employment and Payrolls : August 1952
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E
M
P
L
O
Y
M
E
N
T
and Payrolls
MONTHLY
STATISTICAL
REPORT
AUGUST 1952
Employment Trends
^ V Industry Developments
\ \ Industry Statistics
\ i State and Area Statistics
*vN Payroll Data
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Maurice J. Tobin - Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague - Commissioner
Publications on
Employment Developments
cxjxUl&ble p U M H
"
t/te
Z & uto e& u,
J}cU & k S ic U id ic d .
The Bureau of Labor Statistics pro gra m in the m e as u r e me n t and analysis of
employment trends includes (1) the p rep aration of current mon thl y statistics on
employment, labor turnover, and hours and earnings in major industries, States and
areas; (2) the interpretation of these employment trends; (3) the analysis of l on g
term trends in employment in major o ccupations and industries; and (4) the p r e p a r a
tion of estimates of manpo wer requirements for the defense m ob i li za tio n program and
estimates of pr ospective labor supply.
Employment statistics are prepa red in c o
operation with State agencies.
L i s t e d b e l o w a n d c o n t i n u e d on the (inside) b a c k cover are the m a j o r r e
p o r t s a v ailable to the p u b l i c . Dist ri but ion is free unless other wis e noted.
R eq ue sts for these publica tio ns specifying exact titles, should be addressed to the
B u r e a u of Labor Statistics, U. S. D epa rtment of Labor, Washington 25, D. C.
E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S — Em plo ym e n t figures presen ted for approxim ate ly 250 i nd i v i d
ual industries, for 48 States and the Di str ict of Colu mb ia and for selected
areas, in vary ing industry detail.
On a national basis only, data on e m
ployment of women in m an u f a c t u r i n g industries a vailable quarterly.
Report
also contains analysis of latest m ont hl y employment trends and current and
anticipated devel opm ent s in selected industries.
Pres s release, giving
analysis of current trends in broad industry groups based on pre lim in ary
data, available app rox im ate ly two weeks earlier.
Both reports pu blished
monthly.
H O UR S A N D E A R N I N G S — Average we ek ly earnings, average w eekly hours, and average
hourly earnings for appro xim at ely 275 industries, and for States and s e
lected areas.
Press release, giving analysis of current trends in broad
industry groups based on p re l i min ary data, a vailable ap proximately two
weeks earlier.
Both reports p ubli she d monthly.
L A B O R T U R N O V E R -*•Data on hiring, quits, layoffs, and dischar ges shown for 121 i n d i
vidual m a n u f a c t u r i n g and selected n o n - m a n u f a c t u ri n g industries.
On a
national basis only, data on women for selected industries available q u a r
terly.
Press release, giving analysis of current trends in broad industry
groups based on pr e l i m in a r y data, available app rox ima te ly two weeks e a r
lier.
Both reports p ubl i s h ed monthly.
These publications prepared by
DIVISION OF MANPOWER AND EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
Seymour L. Wolfbein, Chief
EM PLO YM ENT
and
Payrolls
MONT
AUGUST 1952
UKPORT
CONTENTS
EMPLOYMENT DATA AT A GLANCE
II
EMPLOYMENT TRENDS..........................................................
Table A? Employe#* In Nonagricultural Establishments,
by Industry Division and Group.....................
Table B: Employees in Manufacturing Industry Groups..
This month.......
"Employment and Shift
Operations in Selected
Metalworking Industries,
January 1951-January 1952"
is the subject; of an article
starting on page 13 of this
issue , The analysis traces
the Incidence of multi-shift
work In industries most
closely allied to the defense
effort as well as In those
generally Identified with
civilian-type activities.
Also in this issue.......
Statistics on employ
ment of women in manufac
turing industries, which
are Issued quarterly,
appear in table 10, page 43.
PAGE
INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT REPORT
Woolen and Worsted Fabrics...............................................
Employment and Shift Operations in Selected Metalworking
Industries, January 1951 - January 1952........................
1
5
6
7
13
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL STATISTICS
1. Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, fry
Industry Division........................................................
2. Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by
Industry Division and Group........................................
3. All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and
Manufacturing Industries.............................................
4. Production Workers in Selected Manufacturing
Industries....................................................................
5. Indexes of Productlon-Worker Employment and Weekly
Payrolls in Manufacturing Industries..........................
6. Employees in the Shipbuilding and Repairing
Industry, by Region.....................................................
7. Federal C ivilian Employment and Payrolls in All
Areas and In Continental United States, and
Total Government C ivilian Employment and Payrolls
in the D istrict of Columbia..........................................
8. Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by
Industry Division, by State..........................................
9. Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by
Industry Division, in Selected Areas...........................
10. Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of
Total Employment In Manufacturing Industries...............
21
22
24
28
30
31
32
33
36
43
(Data for the two most recent months shown are subject
to revisio n .)
APPENDIX
Explanatory Notes..........................
Glossary........................................
List of Cooperating State Agencies
47
53
55
Employment Data at a Glance
Following Rapid Gains
in the First Year After
Korea, Employment
^ M E T A L W O R K IN G
M A C H IN E R Y
200
Leveled Off in Capital
Goods I n d u s t r i e s . . .
100
\ E N G IN E S A N D
T U R B IN E S
I I I.1 i i I i i J__L I I I
1951
1952
I I I I I I
1950
UNITED STATES DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
*
i l
Ele ctrical generating, transm ission,distribution, and industrial apparatus.
Current
Year ago
July 1952 Chang© frcou
Previous
month
June
1952
July
1951
45,941
15,104
790
2,729
46,378
15,487
827
2,663
46,432
15,813
906
2,754
46,567
15,956
927
2,686
-437
-383
- 37
+ 66
4,124
9,731
1,996
4,859
6,558
4,163
9,836
1,978
4,839
6,585
4,176
9,667
1,908
4,852
6,356
4,161
9,732
1,893
4,835
6,377
- 39
- 52
- 55
+ 18
+114
+ 88
+ 7
+202
39.9
1.650
65.84
40.4
1.658
66.98
40.2
40.7
•..
••*
...
...
4.8
3.7
2.1
1.0
.6
July
1952
y
Jane
1951
Year ago
EMPLOYEES IN NONAGRjCULTURAL
ESTABLISHMENTS (in thousands)
Total....................
Transportation and
+ 20
- 27
-491
-709
-116
- 25
HOURS AND EARNINGS
IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Average weekly hours.••••••• •
1.598
64.24
1.599
65.08
- 0.5
- *.008
-*1.14
- 0.3
+ $.052
+11.60
LABOR TURNOVER RATES
IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
(Per 100 employees)
*•»
^Latest month's figures are preliminary
4.2
4.4
2.4
1.3
.7
4.9
4.3
2.5
1.0
.8
...
...
...
...
...
•••
•••
••*
•••
•••
Employment Trends
NONFARM EMPLOYMENT DROPS 4 0 0 , OOO IN JU LY
The number of empxo^oaa in nonfarm industries declined by over
4-00,000 between mid-June and mid-July, to 4-5.9 million. Seasonal employ
ment gains in construction, food processing, and other industries partly
offset the effects of the steel strike.
About 900,000 workers were off industry payrolls in mid-July
because of the steel strike. Approximately half of these were steel
workers and iron ore miners directly affected. The others were workers
in steel-using industries, coal mines, and railroads.
The number of workers affected doubled between mid-June and midJuly. As of mid-June, the employment effects were limited to the steel
industry itself, iron and coal mining, and railroads. Steel-using in
dustries generally had maintained output and employment by drawing on
their steel inventories. Between June and July, however, employment in
metalworking industries decreased by about 4-00,000, with most of the
decline reported by automobile plants. Vacation shut-downs in many metal
working plants •— idling some workers who do not get paid vacations —
also contributed to this employment reduction.
Weekly claims for State unemployment insurance benefits also
provide a measure of the employment impact on other industries of the
stoppage in steel. At the end of June — after one month of the stop
page — the number of workers claiming these benefits — about 1 million —
was almost unchanged from the May level. In mid-July, however, these
claims began to rise significantly, reaching a peak of 1.4- million by
the month's end. In early August, after the steel industry resumed opera
tions, the number of workers claiming benefits dropped by over 100,000*
Construction employment rose seasonally by 70,000 between June
and July, to 2.7 million, only slightly under the all-time peak for July
reached last year.
Financial institutions — including banks, insurance companies,
and real estate firms — continued to expand their staffs, reaching a
record 2 million employees this July. The number of workers in retail
and wholesale trade, at 7.8 million in July, was 100,000 higher than a
year earlier.
1
State and local Government employment declined slightly between
June and July as many teachers left public school payrolls at the close
of the school year. Over the year, however, State and local employment
was up by 100,000. Federal defense agencies «— including naval yards,
military bases, and other Defense Department facilities — continued to
add workers, reporting a net gain of 90,000 civilian employees over the
year.
FACTORY LAY-O FFS CONTINUED LOW IN JUNE
The lay-off rate for all manufacturing edged down between May
and June — from 11 to 10 per 1,000 employees. Fewer lay-offs were re
ported in each industry group except transportation equipment and stone,
clay, and glass. Several firebrick plants shut down and steel shortages
began to force production cut-backs in automobile plants in late June.
However, the relatively low level of lay-offs in June in metal-goods
industries reflected, the fact that steel inventories allowed virtually
uninterrupted production in most manufacturing plants during the month.
Defense-related industries, including the ordnance, primary metals,
fabricated metals, electrical maohinery, machinery, and instrument groups,
reported fewer lay-offs in June.
Reduced lay-offs over the month in the soft goods industries
reflected an improved employment situation. Seasonal employment gains
were reported in June by the food, textile, apparel, and leather indus
tries.
Factory lay-offs have remained at or near postwar lows for the
season this spring as the employment down-trend in most consumer goods
industries was halted. This contrasts with the summer and fall of 1951
when, despite continued expansion in defense-related industries, factory
lay-offs rose above the postwar average as consumer goods industries re
duced their work force.
Factory hiring rose seasonally, from 39 to U8 per 1,000 employ
ees, between May and June, with increased hiring reported in nearly all
industry groups. The settlement of the industrial dispute in oil re
fineries and the resumption of production in related industries contri
buted to greater-than-seasonal gains in hiring for the petroleum and
chemical industry groups.
The slight down-trend in manufacturing employment over the past
year has been reflected in reduced hiring rates. Since May 1951, the
factory hiring rate has remained below the postwar average for the sea
son. This contrasts with the higher rates during the first year after
Korea, when expansion in both defense-related and consumer goods indus
tries boosted factory employment by 2-1/2 million workers between
June 1950 and June 1951.
2
A minor seasonal decline was reported in the factory quit rate,
from 22 per 1,000 employees in May to 21 in June* In plants manufactur
ing durable goods, the number of vorkers voluntarily quitting their jobs
remained substantially lover than a year ago* In recent months, oppor
tunities for job shifting have been reduced with the leveling off of
employment expansion in defense-related industries*
W ORKW EEK ROSE SEASON ALLY IN JUNE
The average workweek of the 12-1/2 million production vorkers
in the Nation'* factories rose slightly betveen mid-May and mid-June —
from 40*2 to 40*4 hours* Reduced hours in the steel industry -- because
of the strike — were outweighed ty increased hours in other industries*
Betveen May and June, hotrrs rose seasonally in the food, lum
ber, tobacco, and leather industry groups. Textile mills reported an
over-the-month gain of a half hour in the vorkveek. Average weekly
hours in textile, apparel, and leather industries have recovered from
the levels of last fall, vhen they vere at or near 10-year lovs for the
Season because of slackened consumer buying and high inventories. The
workweek this June vas only slightly lover than a year earlier in tex
tiles, and vas up by 1 hour in apparel and by 1-1/2 hours in leather.
Hours in the petroleum group recovered to normal levels bet
veen May and June with the settlement of the strike in oil refining. On
the other hand, the industrial dispute in basic steel resulted in a
sharply reduced vorkveek in mid-June — almost 3 hours less than a year
ago — in the primary metals group. However, as of mid-June, the steel
strike had not significantly affected the vorkveek in most steel-using
industries.
Over the year, the factory workweek was down by three-tenths
of an houf, with most industry groups reporting shorter hours this June.
The recovery in soft goods brought the average workweek in nondurable
goods up to last year’s level. In durable goods manufacturing, however,
the average vorkveek vas down by seven-tenths of an hour, despite longer
hours in many plants producing military goods.
The vorkveek vas reduced by about an hour over the year in the
electrical machinery, machinery, and instruments industry groups. Employ
ment has edged down in the machinery and electrical machinery industries
in recent months as orders for many types of industrial equipment de
clined from the peaks reached last fall. However, the average workweek
in machinery plants of 42.7 hours indicates that these plants continued
to schedule extensive overtime.
3
HOURLY PAY OF FACTORY W ORKERS LEVELS OFF
In mid-June, factory workers* hourly earnings averaged $1.66,
including overtime and other premium pay# While hourly earnings have
been unchanged for the last four months, over the year they were up by
6 cents, or nearly U percent. In the previous year, from June 1950 to
June 1951, they had risen by more than twice this amount — 14-1/2 cants—
or by 10 percent. While these increases resulted mainly ftcm higher
wage rates, the rising proportion of workers in the high-wage defenserelated industries also contributed to the over-all gain in average
factory earnings.
Over the past year, there have been wide differences among
industry groups in the change in earnings. Hourly earnings in the apparel
and primary metals industries were about the same as a year ago, and in
textiles they were up less than 2 percent. On the other hand, increases
of more than 6 percent were reported in the ordnance, instruments, and
rubber products groups.
Average weekly earnings rose by 37 cents over the month, to
$66.98 in June, because of the slightly longer workweek. This was
$1.90, or 3 percent, higher than a year earlier.
k
Table A:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments,
by Industry Division and Selected Groups
(In thousands)
TOTAL.... 45,941
46,378
46,355
46,432
Net c!hange
June
July
1952
1951
to
to
July
July
1952
1952
**437
■<■91
MANUFACTURING................ 15,104
15,487
15,680
15,813
-383
-709
790
827
893
906
- 37
-116
78
272
80
305
107
349
105
359
- 2
- 33
- 27
- 87
107
106
106
108
+ 1
- 1
CONTRACT CONSTRUCT 1OH.........
2,729
2,663
2,520
2,754
+ 66
- 25
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES...... ...........
4,124
4,163
4,134
4,176
- 39
- 52
2,833
720
571
2,880
720
563
2,894
N. A.
554
2,918
698
560
-47
0
+ 8
- 85
+ 22
+ 11
9,781
9,836
9,773
9,667
- 55
+114
2,622
2,618
2,601
2,594
+ 4
7,159
1,417
1,297
7,218
1,457
1,296
7,172
1,466
1,296
7,073
1,407
1,268
- 59
- 40
+ 1
750
751
741
756
- 1
+ 29
— 6
525
3,170
551
3,163
552
3,117
512
3,130
- 26
+ 7
+ 13
+ 40
FINANCE....................
1,996
1,978
1,958
1,908
+ 18
+ 88
SERVICE....................
4,859
4,839
4,795
4,852
+ 20
+ 7
GOVERNMENT..................
6,558
6,585
6,602
6,356
- 27
+202
2,416
4,142
2,381
4,204
2,371
4,231
2,313
4,043
♦ 35
- 62
+103
+ 99
1952
Industry division and group
MINING.....................
Jtuw
1951
May
July
Nonmetallic mining and
T^ADE......................
Food and liquor stores...... . •
Automotive and accessories
+ 28
+ 86
+ 10
Apparel and accessories
1/ Preliminary*
Table B:
Employees in Manufacturing Industry G roups
(In thousands)
1952
Industry division and group
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
Ordnance and accessories...... .
Lumber and wood products
(except furniture)...............
Furniture and fixtures............
Stone, clay, and glass products....
Primary metal industries..........
Fabricated metal products
(except ordnance, machinery, and
transportation e q u i p m e n t .
Machinery (except electrical).....
Electrical machinery....... . ......
Transportation equipment.... ......
Instruments and related products...
Miscellaneous manufacturing
industries....... ................
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products.........
Tobacco manufactures..............
Textile-mill products.............
Apparel and other finished
Paper and allied products.........
Printing, publishing, and allied
industries.......................
Chemicals and allied products.....
Products of petroleum and coal....
Rubber products...................
Leather and leather products......
1 Preliminary
6
June
Net change
Ju ly
1952
1951
to
to
J u ly
Ju ly
1952
1952
1951
May
Jose
Ju ly
15,104
15,487
15,680
15,813 •
-383
-709
8,251
8,689
9,012
8,839
-438
-588
79
80
78
47
-
1
+ 32
766
334
533
920
772
337
535
945
709
336
530
1,342
813
331
557
1,341
— 6
- 3
- 2
- 25
-4 7
+ 3
- 24
-421
906
1,605
926
1,409
321
970
1,642
953
1,672
324
981
1,651
956
1,649
322
991
1,597
914
1,490
298
- 64
- 37
- 27
-263
- 3
+
+
+
85
8
12
81
23
452
459
458
460
-
-
8
6,853
6,798
6,668
6,974
+ 55
-121
1,599
86
1,174
1,530
85
1,181
1,465
85
1,178
1,615
81
1,262
+
+ 69
1
- 7
- 16
+ 5
- 88
1,097
471
1,092
480
1,078
476
1,110
493
+ 5
- 9
- 13
- 22
771
738
272
257
388
771
739
270
270
380
766
741
240
269
370
758
744
266
271
374
0
1
+ 2
- 13
+ 8
+
+
+
-
7
13
6
6
14
14
^feMTorv
^
Reprinted from the August 1952 Issue of "Employment and Payrolls,B
»ontMJr *®port of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor.
Prepared in the Bureau's Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics.
Industry Employment Report
WOOLEN AND WORSTED FABRICS
MiUs weaving woolen and worsted fabrics have not shared in
the great increase in manufacturing employment since 1939. The number
of workers declined nearly a third over the period, whereas employment
in manufacturing as a whole went up 60 percent. April 1952 employment
in woolen and worsted fabrics was 7 1 ,900, the lowest figure for any
month in the postwar period. The rate of production in the first
quarter of 1952 was less than the 1939 average, even though a large
quantity of current production is for military use. Between 1939 and
1952 both employment and production have fluctuated widely.
Woolen and worsted fabrios are used chiefly for apparel.
About 85 percent of the total yardage produced is apparel fabric, the
remainder includes such nonapparel fabrics as blankets and upholstery
materials.. (See chart 1).
INDUSTRY BOOMS IN WORLD W AR S
AND THE EARLY POSTWAR PERIOD
abnormally high demand for woolen and worsted fabrics
characterized World War II and the early postwar period. Per capita
consumption of cleaned apparel-class wool rose from the 1939 level of
2.22 pounds to more than 4 pounds each year from 1942 through 1946.
In 1948 per capita consumption was 3.29 pounds. The output of woolen
and worsted fabrics increased from 372 million yards in 1939 to 536
million yards in 1943> when about half the yardage was for military
use. Army requirements for each soldier illustrate why military
consumption of woolen fabrics was so great. The initial issue per man
in the A m y in World War II amounted to roughly 75 pounds of oleaned
wool a year} annual maintenance requirements were 40 pounds. Under
combat conditions this amount increased sharply.
The rapid rise in production brought about increases in em
ployment, particularly in grading, scouring, and combing operations in
order to meet military demands for heavier fabrics which required more
wool per yard.
7
C hart 1.
85% off Output is Apparel Fabrics
WOOLEN AND WORSTED
Thousands of Finished
Linear Y ard s
500
400
300
200
100
^ Includes some fabrics contain
ing 24 - 49.9 percent Wool.
Source: Bureau of the Consul
Vith the decline in
Government buying after 1944,
larger quantities of woolen and
worsted fabrics again became avail
able to civilians whose supplies
had been sharply limited during
the early years of the war. More
over, the return of millions of men
from the Armed Forces to civilian
life created an abnormally high
demand for woolen and worsted
apparel fabrics. As late as 1947,
the yardage produced for men's and
boy's wear was about 45 million
yards greater than for women's and
children'8 wear, although normally
the quantity of fabric produced for
each group is about the same. The
decline in blanket production from
80 million yards in 194-5 to 29
million yards in 1947 also reflected
a return to more normal buying
habits.
Total fabric output in
1947 and 1948 averaged about 500 million yards, about 40 percent higher
than the 1939 level but a drop of about 100 million yards from the peak
1946 output. Production worker employment averaged about 123,000
during 1947 and 1948. (See chart 2).
PRODUCTION AND EM PLOYMENT DECLINE AFTER 1948
After mid-1948 the trend of employment and production was
downward, partly because of the abnormally high levels attained in the
early postwar period. Voolen and worsted fabric output dropped by more
than 80 million yards between 1948 and 1949 as the abnormally high -rate
of expenditure for clothing declined. About 55 million yards of the
decline was in apparel fabrics for men's and boy's wear. Both employ
ment and production began to recover during the latter months of the
yeai*, but 1949 production worker employment was abo.ut 22. percent less
than the 1947-48 average.
By June 1950, the month of the outbreak of Korean hostilities,
employment had increased to 108,800 production workers, about 16 per
cent higher than June 1949* fiaployment gained only slightly in the
latter half of 1950, and for the year showed only a 6-percent increase
over 1949* Despite the action in Korea, the volume of production for
Government orders was only a small part of total output. (See chart 3).
Production of military
fabrics shoved a sharp increase in
1951, hut because of declines in
fabric output for civilian use,
over-all output vas 17 percent
lover than in the previous year.
Total voolen and vorsted fabric
output declined to 367 million
yard* in 1951, vith about a third
of this amount produced for
Government orders,. Production of
apparel fabrics for military use
rose from 9 million yards in the
first quarter of 1951 to veil over
32 million yards in the third
quarter, and totaled almost 95
million yards during the year. The
production of apparel fabrics for
civilian use, however, dropped 50
percent betveen the first and third
quarter of 1951* Nonapparel fabric
production also declined during
1951t although blanket yardage vas
above the 1950 total reflecting
the increased production for mili
tary requirements.
Chart 2
.
Em ploym ent D eclines 3 8 %
Since Early 19 4 7
WOOLEN AND WORSTED FABRICS
THOUSANDS OF PRODUCTION W ORKERS
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT Of LABOR
Fabric output in the first quarter of 1952 totaled about
87)000 yards, but a smaller quantity of apparel fabric vas produced for
government orders than during the latter half of 1951. Nonapparel
fabric production continued to decline.
Average employment in 1951 vas dovn 12 percent from 1950. In
the spring of 1951, a. vork stoppage in most of the major voolen and
worsts mills idled some 4.8,000 vorkers and lasted about 74 days. Em
ploys^ at dropped to a lov of 72,000 la March 1951 vhen the stoppage
affected mills in most of the Nev England and Middle Atlantic States,
and in Georgia and Kentucky. Following the end of the dispute, em
ployment turned upward in the second quarter, but because of declining
consumer demand, production and employment ievels for the industry
during the latter half of 1951 were veil below those of earlier post
war years. The downward trend continued throughout the early months
of 1952. In June, however, employment stood at 76,500 production
vorkers, a 6 percent increase over the postvar lov of 71,900 during
April 1952.
9
INCREASING USE OF SYNTHETIC FIBERS
AFFECT EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK
Under the present mobilization program, military orders vill
continue to absorb large quantities of woolen worsted apparel fabrics
and blanketing. Government orders in 1952 probably will be smaller
than in 1951, however, and it is unlikely that civilian buying will in
crease sufficiently to maintain production at the 1951 level of 367
million yards of woolen and worsted fabric— the smallest output since
1940.
The current low employment and sharp drop in civilian buying
of woolen and #worsted fabrics is due partly to an over-all decline in
consumer expenditures for clothing from the high level of the early
postwar years. Other factors contributing *.o the decline include the
shift to the use of synthetic fibers in apparel manufacture; and
changes in clothing styles, such as the wearing of lighter weight
clothing by both men and women, and the wearing of more sportswear.
For example, cuttings of men's suits declined about a fourth between
1947 and 1951> while production of dress and sports trousers increased.
Moreover, the proportion of separate trousers made from wool dropped
sharply from about three-fourths of the total output in 1947 to about a
third in 1951. Extensive use of synthetic fibers in women's and
children's clothing began in the 193P's.
Although style changes
and consumer preferences for
synthetic fabrics have adversely
affected the woolen and worsted
fabrics industry, it is now util
izing many of the new man-made
fibers in blended fabrics of which
wool is the chief fiber. Military
orders also include a number of
blended fabrics for major uses
such as shirting, uniform serge,
and lining materials. As the pro
portion of synthetic fibers con
sumed by the woolen and worsted
industry increases, employment in
wool-grading and other processing
operations will decline. Modifi
cation in woolen and worsted yarn
spinning machinery will also re
duce man-hour requirements per
yard of fabric. However, the in
creased use of blended fabrics
made from a combination of wool and
synthetic fibers, the growing
population, and a rising per capita
1C
Chart 3.
Government Buying Supports Output
WOOLEN AND WORSTED APPAREL FABRICS
Thousands off Finished
Linear Y ards
Ist.Q tr. Rato
* Includes some fabrics contain
ing 24 • 49.9 percent wool.
Sourcet Bureau of the Census
disposable income, will have a favorable effect on employment.
MORE THAN HALF THE W O RKERS ARE EMPLOYED
IN NEW ENGLAND
Geographically, employment in the woolen and worsted fabrics
is less concentrated than in the cotton and rayon broad-woven fabrics
industry. Estimates of the regional distribution of employment made by
the Bureau of Labor Statistics show that about 57 percent of all produc
tion workers in woolen and worsted fabric mills are employed in the New
England area, and about half of these axe employed in Massachusetts.
(See table 1). Census data show an increase in woolen and worsted
manufacturing employment in the New England region between 1919 and
1947. The South Atlantic States, which have 67 percent of the produc
tion worker employment in cotton and rayon broad-woven fabrics, employ
less than 10 percent of the woolen and worsted mill workers.*
Table 1 compares the percent distribution of production
workers in the two broad-woven fabrics industries by region.
Table 1.— Percentage Distribution of Production Workers.in the
Cotton and Synthetic and Woolen and Vorsted Industries,
by Region, 1952
Region
New England - ------Middle Atlantic ---East North Central-West North Central-South Atlantic-----East South Central-West South Central-Mountain----------Pacifio --------- -
1/
Cotton and synthetic
15.5
4.5
.1
.1
67c3
10.4
2.1
—
2/
Woolen and worsted"^
56.8
21.0
6.2
8.5
—
—
1.2
1/ Based on January 1952 data* from Bureau- of Labor Statistics sample.
7j Based on March 1952 data. Figures do not add to 100 percent
because States with fewer than 3 establishments are not included.
Data based on Bureau of Labor Statistics Sample.
* See "Cotton and Bayou Broad-Woven Fabrics -" in Employment and Pay
rolls* June 1952* p. **-12.
Jl
About three-fourths of the workers in the woolen and worsted
manufacturing industry in 194-7 were employed in mills producing
fabrics made from wool. The remainder worked in specialized scouring
and combing plants, woolen system yarn mills, or in finishing plants.
A large proportion of these workers were employed in mills
which are completely integrated— those which carry on all the manu
facturing operations from the initial cleaning and scouring of the wool
through the spinning and weaving of the fabric and the finishing of the
cloth. Before World Wax II, a study of the industry's machinery showed
that about 85 percent of the woolen and worsted broad looms were
operated by integrated companies which did both spinning and weaving.
About 40 percent of the looms were owned by companies which manufac
tured both woolen and worsted fabrics. Woolen and worsted fabrics
differ in that a higher proportion of new wool and longer wool fibers
are used in worsted fabrics. Yarns are spun more tightly for worsteds
which have a smooth hard-finished surface, whereas wool fabrics such as
blankets and tweeds have a heavy nap.
Plants with more than 1,000 workers have about 40 percent of
the employment in woolen and worsted fabrics mills. Nearly a fourth of
the industry's workers are employed in mills employing less thari 250
employees according to the 1947 Census of Manufactures.
Plants pro
ducing only woolen fabrics employ on the average only about half as
many workers as do worsted fabric mills.
EARNINGS AND HOURS
Earnings of production workers in the woolen and worsted
fabrics industry were $1.55 an hour in May 1955 — about 27 cents an
hour higher than the average for production workers in cotton and
synthetic broad-woven fabrics. Weekly earnings reflected this higher
hourly rate, as well as the longer workweek in worsted and woolen mills
where hours have remained near the 1951 average of 39.1 a week. Pro
duction workers in woolen and worsted fabric mills averaged $61.7? »■
week in May 1952* This was t u *74 nore than the average weekly
earnings of those in the cotton and synthetic broad-woven fabric pro
duction.
A nation-wide survey of wages and related working conditions
in $he textile industry was made by the Division of Wages and Indus
trial Relations of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in the spring of
1952. Preliminary information is available in the release entitled
nEarnings and Belated Wage Practices in the Woolen and Worsted Textile
Industry, April-May 1952.*
12
EMPLOYMENT AND SHIFT OPERATIONS
IN SELECTED METALWORKING INDUSTRIES
JANUARY 1951 - JANUARY 1952
As part of the current defense program, industrial facilities
have Deen expanded to provide more military goods and defense-related
products. Production has also been expanded in existing plants byutilizing additional workers on extra shifts. Information regarding
the extent of second and third shift operation and the amount of week
end work is useful in measuring the utilization of both new and exist
ing industrial capacity. It also gives some information regarding the
way the Nation's manpower resources are being used.
Shift operation data provide a valuable index of the potential
additional capacity which could be made available by using more workers
on second and third shifts. It also serves as a guide in planning for
the construction of additional facilities. However, much of the
industrial expansion in the current defense period has been influenced
by the possibility of full mobilization rather than current defense
program requirements alone. Knowledge of the extent to which industry
has been able to recruit workers for second and third shifts in exist
ing plants can help in determining the advisability of constructing
new plants in particular areas.
Employment of large numbers of additional workers on second and
third shifts and lengthening the workweek can create serious problems
for the workers, the plant management, and the community as a whole.
Night shifts and week-end work cause significant changes in the living
arrangements of employees and their families and for the community.
Night workers need the use of eating, recreation, and transportation
facilities which are normally operated only for day workers. Plant
managers are faced with such problems as work schedules, the recruit
ment, assignment, and rotation of workers on extra shifts, and the
training of skilled and supervisory workers.
To provide statistical information on these and related aspects
of employment in key defense industries, the Division of Manpower and
7*
Se
^eCetuect
....
"Shift Operations in Selected Metalworking Industries, January
1951 ~ January 1952" will be published as a separate report for release
in October 1952. The report will contain additional detailed statisti
cal tables. A limited number of copies will be available for free
distribution.
13
Employment Statistics of the Bureau of Labor Statistics undertook a
series of quarterly surveys of important metalworking plants. The
plants surveyed are of basic importance in the Nation's defense
mobilization program, and this report summarizes the results of the
surveys made in 1951 and in January 1952.
EMPLOYMENT TRENDS
A c le a r p ic t u re o f the employment tre n d s in the m etalw orking
in d u s trie s is n e ce ssa ry to understand and in te rp re t the changes w hich
have o ccu rre d in the p a tte rn s o f s h if t o p e ra tio n s and scheduled hours
o f work d u rin g 1951* Between the outbreak o f h o s t ilit ie s in Korea
and Jan u ary 1952, p ro d u ctio n w orker employment in the m etalw orking
in d u s try groups— fa b ric a te d m etal p ro d u c ts, m achinery except e le c t r i
c a l, e le c t r ic a l m achinery, and tra n s p o rta tio n eq u ip m en t--in crease d by
15 p e rc e n t. However, most o f t h is g a in (1 2 .3 p e rce n t) o ccu rre d be
tween J u ly and December 1950. T h is f i r s t upsurge in employment was
due not so much to the a c tu a l im pact o f defense p ro d u c tio n , as to
sc a re b u yin g by consumers and businessm en in a n t ic ip a t io n o f expected
fu tu re sh o rtag es and r is in g p r ic e s .
D u rin g t h is p e rio d employment in many o f the consumer m etal
goods in d u s trie s reached a ll- t im e re co rd le v e ls . The s it u a t io n in
1951 was somewhat d iff e r e n t . M etal lim it a t io n s f o r c iv ilia n p ro d uc
t io n and sharp drops in consumer demands fo r many p ro d u cts fo rce d c u t
backs in p ro d u ctio n and employment in most o f the im portant consumer
goods in d u s t r ie s . D e sp ite g ain s in defense p ro d u ctio n w hich took up
some o f the s la c k caused by the cu t-b a ck s in c iv ilia n in d u s t r ie s ,
t o t a l m etalw orking employment showed a s lig h t drop d u rin g the f i r s t
h a lf o f 1951.
In the second h a lf o f the y e a r m etalw orking employment turned
upward a g a in , w ith s t e a d ily m ounting defense output more than o f f
s e t t in g co n tinued employment lo s s e s in the consumer goods in d u s t r ie s .
By Ja n u a ry 1952 t o t a l employment in these m etalw orking in d u s trie s was
about 3 p e rce n t h ig h e r than in January 1951* C hart 1 shftws some o f
the v a r ia t io n s in employment movements among defense and c iv ilia n
type in d u s trie s in 1951 and through Jan u ary 1952.
CH AN G IN G PATTERNS IN SHIFT OPERATION
P ro p o rtio n a te ly few er p ro d u ctio n w orkers in m etalw orking
in d u s t r ie s were employed on second and t h ir d s h if t s in Jan u ary 1952
than a y e a r e a r lie r d e sp ite a 3 p e rce n t employment in c re a s e . T h is
r e la t iv e re d u c tio n in s h if t o p e ra tio n s o ccu rre d p rim a rily because of
employment cu t-b a ck s in many in d u s trie s w hich have s u b s ta n tia l p a rts
o f t h e ir output going to c iv ilia n u se s. About 75 p e rce n t o f the
fa c to ry w orkers were employed on the f i r s t o r " d a y lig h t" s h if t ,
20.3 percent on the second shift, and only 3>8 percent on the third.
This represents a slight decrease over the previous year when the per
centage of workers on the second and third shifts totaled 20.9 and
u*
4.2 percent, respectively. Plants operating extra shifts accounted for
89 percent of the production worker employment reported in January 1952.
Almost half the workers— 46.9 percent— were employed in plants opera
ting three or more shifts, and 42.1 percent were employed in plants
operating two shifts.
CURTAILED EXTRA
SHIFTS
FIRST
Every industry showing a decrease in employment
(except for one small industry), had a lower pro
portion of workers on extra shifts in January 1952
than in January 1951 (tables 1 and 2). Thus, it appears that employers
who reduced their payrolls laid off the extra-shift workers first.
Among the consumer goods industries which reduced their extra-shift
employment (chart 2), were tin cans and other tinware; cutlery, hand
tools, and hardware; automobiles; and the service and household
machinery industries which makes such products as sewing and washing
machines. The automobile industry suffered especially large reductions
in employment— about 130,000 workers over the year. As a result, the
proportion of workers on the second shift fell from 27-8 percent in
January 1951 to 24.6 percent in January 1952, and the proportion on the
third shift fell from 5*4 percent in January 1951 to 3*8 in January
1952. Despite this reduction, however, the automobile industry still
had a larger percentage of its workers on extra shifts than many of
the other metalworking industries.
Extra-shift operations feel the impact of lay-offs more than
first shift employment for several reason*. Second and third shift
activity places a greater supervisory load on the company and some
times results in increased maintenance problems. Frequently, night
workers have less seniority than day workers and this may partially
account for the sharper reduction in third-shift workers.
KX1*k A SHIFT EXPANSIONS The expansions in extra-shift operations
IN DEFENSE INDUSTRIES
occurred primarily among industries either
directly producing military products or items
which are closely related to the defense program. The aircraft and
parts industry increased its proportion of workers on the second
shift from 25.9 percent in January 1951 to 30.4 percent in January
1952 and also boosted its third-shift employment from 4.6 to 6.4 per
cent in this same period. Other defense related industries increasing
the percentage of workers an extra shifts over the year were the
engines and turbines industry; the ship and boatbuilding and repairing
industry; and the metalworking machinery industry which includes the
vital machine tool plants. In each of these industries there was a
substantial employment increase partly effected by the placement of
additional workers on second and third shifts.
The percentage of total metalworking employment on second and
third shifts fell between January 1951 and January 1952, despite the
net gain in employment. This was partly because the expanding defense
industries hired many of their new employees for new or reopened
plants and consequently put a large proportion of them on the first
C h a r t 1.
Declining Employment in Civilian Type Industries
PERCENT CHANGE IN EMPLOYMENT IN SELECTED METALWORKING INDUSTRIES
January 1951-Ja n u a ry 1952
PERCEN T
CHANGE
60
40
20-
0-
-20J
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
shift. This is particularly true of the aircraft and parts industry
which had the largest employment gain of any metalworking Industry
(chart 1). If all additional employees in this industry had gone into
plants which had been operating in January 1951, most of them would
have had to work the second or third shift. The industry constructed
new facilities, however, and reopened standby World War II plants.
Consequently, more than half the additiom.1 employees worked the first
shift. The ratio of employment on second and third shifts did increase,
but far less than would have been necessary had the industry been con
fined to using facilities existing in January 1951*
As part of the defense program there has been extensive
facility expansion which was far from complete in January 1952. As
new metalworking industry plants begin operation, they will tend to
restrict the possible increases in the ratio of extra shift operations
because the first shifts will be staffed before extensive second and
third shift operation will be undertaken.
16
C h a rt 2.
C h a n g in g
P a tte rn
o f
S h ift
O p e r a tio n s
in
S e le c te d
M e ta lw o r k in g
In d u s t r ie s
PERCENT OF PRODUCTION WORKER EMPLOYMENT ON EACH SHIFT
IN SELECTED METALWORKING INDUSTRIES
JANUARY
1 st
Sh ip an d B o a t B u ild in g
an d R e p a irin g
M e ta lw o r k in g M a c h in e ry
1951 A N D J A N U A R Y
3 d
1952
S h ift
2 d
^ .
;? ; v
-.7 ,
1* ? . :
..
* ,
8i.o
4 th
47.1
1 ,8 %
(2 .0 %
L -„ ifo % 3
P | .5 %
- v
^
v~'
E 3 %
'
C utlery, H a n d T oo ls
an d H a rd w a re
ie i.o % i
■14.11
%M
2 .° %
|22%
S e r v ic e -ln d u stry an d
H ou se hold M a c h in e s
&7A%\
3 3%
| 2 .4 %
r a ,4 % i
© 3%
& s s k m u
*Sr
Jp3%
Electrical A p p lia n ce s ,
Lam ps, a n d
M isce lla n e o u s Products
^ 0 %
J'.-.;'
\
..
M e ta l Stam p in g, C o a tin g ,
an d E n g ra vin g
....
u
zz.z%i
E n gin e s a n d Turbines
.. .... .............
; V ;^ 5 .9 % ]
A irc ra ft an d P a rts
>......
h ' ? . ' 1.............
Tin C a n s an d other
-7 % (
T in w are
2L®%
E l»%
^ ^ 2 5 .9 % i
. V H 2 5 .5 % 1
^ 8 %
| p %
W ^ £ 2 4 ;6 % |
I3 * s %
1
^ 4 %
A u tom obiles
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT Of lABO«
3 0 .4 % j
^ 7 %
iT .0 %
J a n u a ry 1951
1 J a n u ary 1952
MHKAUOf LASOft STATISTICS
SHLKm* OPERA.TIONS
FRACTICES VARY
AMONG INDtJRTRTRR
As chart 3 indicates, there was considerable variation among metalworking industries in January 1952
in the extent of extra-shift operations. Some of
these differences are partially accounted for by
relative Impact of the defense program on particular industries,
but to a considerable extent they reflect basic differences in the
nature of the industry's operations. Among the industries with rela
tively high percentages of extra-shift employment were the aircraft
and parts; electrical equipment for vehicij.es; engines and turbines;
and tin cans and other tinware. The automobile industry also had a
relatively high proportion even though the percentage of extra shift
workers fell substantially from the January 1951 level. In the air
craft and parts and the engines and turbines industries, the relatively
large proportion of workers on second and third shifts largely reflects
the impact of the defense program, although the aircraft and parts
industry has been organized (as a result of its large-scale operations
17
xn World War II) to operate on a
two or three shift basis. The tin
can and- the automobile industries
customarily have relatively high
extra-shift operations because they
are highly mechanized and make ex
tensive use of costly production
facilities. Efficient operating
practices require that these
facilities be used as intensively
as possible.
Chart 3.
Variations in Shift Operation
Practices Among Metalworking
Januory 1951 - Ja n u a ry 1952
in d u s t r ie s
Number of Industries
7*
Industries which had rela
tively low utilization of extra
shift employment— less than one
worker in five on second and third
shifts— included office and store
machines and devices; special in
dustry machinery; cutlery, hand
too1b , and hardware; heating
apparatus and plumbers' supplies;
35-39
10-14
15-19
2 0 -2 4 2 5 -2 9 3 0 -3 4
P e rc e n t of w o r k e r s on e x t r a sh ifts
fabricated structural metal
£
1 Ja n u a ry 1951
products; communication equipment;
Ja n u a ry 1952
ship and boatbuilding and repairing;
and other transportation equipment.
The metalworking machinery industry
also customarily operates on a one-anirt basis. Since the inception of
the defense program this industry group increased its extra-shift opera
tion slightly so that in January 1952 it approximated the average for
.all-metalworking industries.
» STATES OEFAKTMENT Of LAKM
A variety of reasons account for the low ratio of shift opera
tions in these industries. In some cases, it results from a relatively
large amount of available capacity in relationship to current produc
tion demands on the industry. In other cases, where production is at
relatively high levels, the industry is restricted in its shift opera
tions 'by the difficulty of obtaining enough skilled workers to staff
the extra shifts. Most of these industries have operated predominantly
on a one-shift schedule. In periods of high demand for their products
they tend to increase hours rather than add workers on extra shifts.
For example, the metalworking machinery industry, faced with heavy de
mands for vitally needed machine tools, has had to increase production
substantially. Employment rose 16.3 percent over the year, but little
change occurred in the shift pattern. This was, in part, due to a
shortage of such Lkilled workers as tool and die makers and to the
nature of the industry. The industry placed greater emphasis on in
creasing the workweek than on expanding shift operations. Average
weekly hours in the metalworking machinery group rose from ^3 *2 in
1©50 to 47-3 in January 1952, compared with the all-manufacturing aver
age of 1*0.8 hours. The shipbuilding' industry has also had a long
18
history of one-shift operations because night work is considered
hazardous, expensive, and less efficient. Despite a sharp rise in
employment in 1951> only 19 percent of the workers were on extra shifts
in January 1952- The industry had available a large amount of capacity
carried over from World War II and held ready cm a stand-by basis.
Thus, the industry was able to expand production by hiring new workers
for "day" or first shift work.
Although a low utilization of second and third shift employment
would seem to indicate a large amount of unused capacity, experience
has shown that even the industries which make relatively high use of
extra shifts rarely have as many as one in three of their workers on
the extra shifts. Even at the peak of World War II, few industries
had as many workers on all extra shifts as they did on the first. This
was in part due to the difficulty of evening out the production facili
ties to avoid bottlenecks in the use of specialized machinery, and due
also to the more efficient operation of many activities on the first
shift only. In many industries, second-shift work is confined to those
operations which make use of scarce and costly equipment, and the third
shift is used only for especially urgent production and for maintenance
work which cannot be accomplished on the other shifts.
SCHEDULED W ORKW EEK
Another measure of plant utilization is the length of the work
week. During World War II, the scheduled l»8-hour week predominated in
most metalworking industries. In 1951> however, most plants operated
on a 6-day week, but only about one in four employees worked Saturdays,
and the ^O-hour workweek was in effect in most industries. This indi
cates further expansion possibilities where manpower is unavailable
for extra-shift operations simply by lengthening the workweek. Some
industries are doing both. Where manpower is available they have been
adding workers to second and third shifts and at the same time are
lengthening the workweek for many of their skilled workers.
More them 60 percent of the factory workers in metalworking
plants were employed in establishments operating Monday through
Saturday in mid-1951. Of these, ^3*5 percent were scheduled for
Saturday work. This represented about 27 percent of total reported
employment. But in a number of industries this ratio was substantially
higher. Some industries, such as general industrial machinery, commu
nication equipment, and miscellaneous machinery parts (ball and roller
bearings, fabricated pipes and fittings, etc.), which place relatively
few of their production workers on extra shifts, scheduled more than
^0 percent on Saturday work. Certain of the defense industries, such
as metalworking machinery and aircraft and parts, which scheduled about
one in four workers on extra shifts, reported 52-7 percent and k6.0
percent, respectively, of its production workers employed on Saturday.
19
30 PERCBMT OF WORKERS About two-thirds of the total workers covered in
SuHNinTTT.Tgn MflRR THAN
the metalworking survey were employed in plants
FORTY HOURS
having a scheduled workweek of *0 hours for most
production workers in October 1951* Less than
5 percent were scheduled to work less than *0 hours, whereas more than
30 percent were on a workweek of more than *0 hours. Almost 20 percent
were employed in establishments with a scheduled workweek of *8 hours
for most of their production workers. In the agricultural machinery
and tractors industry, more than 90 percent of the production workers
were employed in plants scheduling most of their workers on a *0-hour
week. Similarly, 80 percent or more of the factory workers reported in
the automobile, service, and household machinery industries were work
ing In establishments which for the most part scheduled a l<-0-hour work
week.
Multishift operations were most extensive in plants where the
basic scheduled weekly hours for production workers were less than *0.
In those plants in the transportation equipment and electrical machinery
industries which scheduled a workweek of less than *0 hours for most
production workers, there was about one worker on the extra shifts for
each worker on the first shift. In plants on a similar workweek
schedule in the fabricated metal products and machinery industries,
this ratio went down to about one on extra shifts for each two workers
on the first shift. Where the workweek for most production workers was
U0 hours, about one worker in four was placed on extra-shift work. In
general, the ratio of second and third-shift employment to first shift
dropped as the scheduled workweek rose, so that in most cases only one
worker in five was employed on extra shifts.
There was one marked exception to this tendency. Plants which
operated on a 48-hour workweek for most production workers usually had
a higher percentage of workers on extra shifts than plants with a
scheduled *0-hour week. This probably indicates that plants which are
under enough production pressure to work a *8-hour week must also
utilize a relatively large number of workers on extra shifts to meet
production schedules.
20
1 1 1 1 I I .1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 11
I-
Current Employment and -Payroll Statistics :
- + + -
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
11
Ind ust ry Data
Table I : Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments
By Industry Division
(In thousands)
Year
and
■onth
Contract
Total
Mining
con
Manufac
turing
struction
Transporta
tion and
public
utilities
Trade
Finance
Service
Govern
ment
Annual
average:
1939..
1940..
1941. .
1942..
1943..
1944..
30,287
32,031
30, 164
39,697
42,042
41,480
845
918
947
983
917
883
1945..
1940..
1947..
1948. .
1949..
1950..
40,069
41,412
43,371
44,201
43,006
44,124
826
852
943
981
932
904
920
Apr... 45,998
May... 44,226
June.. 44,567
July.. 46,432
Au«... 44,724
Sept . . 44,956
1951.. 1*6,401
10,078
10,780
12,974
15,051
17,381
17,111
2,912
3,013
3,248
3,433
3,619
3,798
6,612
6,940
7,416
7,333
7, 189
7, 260
1, 382
1. 419
1, 402
1,440
1,401
1, 374
3, 321
3, 477
3, 705
3,857
3,919
3,934
4,622
5,431
6,049
6,026
2,318
2,569
15,302
14,461
15,247
15,286
14,146
14,884
3,872
4,023
4, 122
4, 151
3,977
4,010
7, 522
8,602
9. 196
9, 491
9,438
9,524
1, 394
1, 580
1,641
1, 710
1,703
1,812
4,055
4,021
4, 786
4,799
4,782
4, 761
5,967
5,607
5,454
5,613
5.811
*5.-910
15,931
*,144
9,804
1.883
4,759
6,390
911
915
927
*,471
2,59«
2,686
15,955
15.853
15,956
4,132
4,137
4,161
9,627
9.683
9.732
1.865
1.874
1.893
4,745
4,789
4,835
6,292
6,377
6,377
906
922
917
917
917
916
2,754
2,809
2,768
2,761
2,633
2,518
15,813
l6,*o8
16,039
15.965
15.890
15.913
4,176
4,190
4,178
4,166
4,165
4,161
9,667
9.641
9.781
9.893
10,109
10,660
1.908
1.914
1.898
1.898
1.907
1.912
4,852
4,839
4,831
4,770
4,734
4,702
6,356
6,401
6,544
6,532
6,497
6,881
1, 150
1,294
1,790
2, 170
1,567
1,094
1,132
1,661
1,982
2,165
2,156
3,987
4, 192
1951
Oct.. . 44,902
H o t ... 44,852
Dao... 47,6*3
1
1952
Tan... *5,913
Fab..# 45,899
Har..# 44,001
Apr... 44,299
Nay. . . 44,355
June. . 44,378
909
902
904
896
893
827
See Explanatory Notes
2,316
2,308
2,296
2,4l6
2,520
2,663
15.776
15,859
15.869
15,795
15,680
15,487
4,103
4,111
4,118
4,096
4,134
4.163
&nd Glossary for definitions.
9,720
9,643
9,668
9,845
9,773
9,836
1.909
1.919
1.937
1.952
l.95«
1.978
4,671
4,667
4.681
4,748
4.795
4.839
6,509
6,490
6,528
6,551
6,602
6,585
Industry Data
Table
2-.
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments
By Industry Division and Group
(Id thousands)
1952
Industry division and group
1951
May
May
April
Jun.
TOTAL... 46,378
46,355
46,299
46,567
46,226
827
893
896
927
915
107.3
60.1
105.0
70.2
304.9
107.3
65.5
348.7
105.9
105.5
356.5
267.4
104.8
378.4
264.8
108.3
103.3
70.3
377.2
Jun*
MINING.............................
80.3
65.1
Crude petroleum and natural gas production.
271.2
266.3
258.4
105.9
CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION.................
2,663
2,520
2,416
2,686
2,598
NONBUILDING CONSTRUCTION....................
542
502
454
540
508
236.3
305.3
215.2
287.O
179.3
274.2
232.6
213.5
294.2
307.7
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.......................
2,121
2,018
1,962
2>l46
2,090
GENERAL CONTRACTORS..........................
872
818
794
925
892
SPECIAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS...................
1,249
1,200
1,168
1,221
1,198
299.5
177.5
162.2
610.1
MANUFACTURING........................ 15,487
DURABLE GOODS.................................
NONDURABLE GOODS..............................
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES......
1^8.2
154.5
297.3
175.0
145.6
291.3
167.6
142.1
602.7
596.6
568.4
580.7
15,680 15,795 15,956 15,653
9,012
6,668
9,054
6,741
8,998
6,958
8,975
4,163
4,134
4,096
4,l6l
4,137
2,880
1,395
1,224
137
650
2,894
l,4l6
1,243
90.4
673.5
45.2
22
286.8
6,798
720
See Explanatory Notes
174.7
156.9
8,689
698
Air transportation (common carrier)......
287.8
and Glossary for definitions.
6,878
2,921
2,877
2,911
1,404
1,468
1,*63
1,230
1,296
1,290
138
144
143
139
648
648
619
620
692
686
691
684
90.4
89.2
81.4
79.4
NJU
668.6
V.A.
H.A.
648.0
N.A.
687
637.3
48.3
680
630.4
48.8
In d u stry Data
Table 2.- Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments
By Industry Division and Group - Continued
(in thousands)
Industry d ivision and group
June
1952
May
19*51
April
June
May
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
(Continued)
Other public u t i l i t i e s . . . . . . .........................
Gas and e le ctric u t i l it ie s ..........................
E le ctric lig h t and power u t i l i t i e s . . . . . . .
Gas u t i l i t i e s . . . . . . . ....... .
E le ctric lig h t and gas u t ilit ie s
combined.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local u t ilit ie s , not e ls e w h e r e .............
c la s s ifie d ........... ................... ...................
563
537.5
238.6
121.6
55*
529.6
235.5
118.9
553
528.0
23*.9
118.6
553
527.2
23*.9
118.3
5*6
521.G
177.3
25.0
175.2
17*.5
17* .0
172.5
2*.*
2*.8
2*.9
9,683
232.*
116.1
9,836
9,773
9,8*5
25.5
9,732
2,6x8
2,601
2,605
2,581
2,568
Retail trade...................... ............ ................ 7,218
General merchandise stores.................
1,*57
Food and liquor s t o r e s ............................... 1,296
Automotive and accessories dealers.. , , . . . . .
751
Apparel and accessories s t o re s ............. .
551
Other re ta il t r a d e . . . . . . . . . .......... •••••••.. 3,163
7,172
1,*66
7,151
1,*58
3,117
7,2*0
1,527
1,295
737
589
3,092
1,270
750
5*8
3,125
7,H5
1,*75
1,271
7*2
550
3,077
FINANCE........... .................. 1,978
1,958
1,952
1,893
1,87*
k6l
*81
TRADE..................................................................
Wholesale trade.....................................
Banks and trust companies.............................
Security dealers and exchanges.. . . . . . . . . . . w
Insurance ca rrie rs and agents....... ..
Other finance agencies and real estate.......
*91
6*.3
713
1,296
7*1
552
6*.*
706
6*.5
705
*60
63.8
671
698
£2
63.8
663
695
710
707
701
*,839
*,795
*,7*8
*,835
*,789
*76
368.1
166.0
**9
*38
*78
*52
16*.2
161.0
161.3
36*.8
359.5
158.7
Motion pictures............................................
2*8
2*9
2*8
2*8
2*9
GOVERNMENT...........................
6,585
6,602
6,551
6,377
6,377
Federal 1 /.........................................
2,381
State and lo ca l.......................................... .. *,20*
2,371
*,231
2,271
*,189
2,2**
*,133
SERVICE.............................
Hotels and lodging places...........
Cleaning and dyeing plants. •••••••.. „ . . . . .
363.3
357.5
2,362
*,106
1/ Fcurih~class postmasters are excluded here but are included in table 7.
8L A*
are not available because of work stoppage. Data for March 1952 revised as
followss communication 712; telegraph U7 *0 «
23
Industry Data
Table 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries
(In thousands)
All employees
Industry group and Industry
JtlBft
1952
MINING...............................
Production workers
1*7
1952
April
1952
JUB*
1951
893
896
927
827
Junft
1952
**7
1952
April
1952
Jun*
1951
mining ...................
80.3
107.3
107.3
105.0
67.3
9*.*
9*.*
92.6
Iron mining.........................
Copper mining......................
Lead and zinc mining...............
11.2
29.9
21.5
38.5
29.3
21.9
38.0
29.2
22.2
38.5
28.8
20.3
7.0
26.1
18.8
3*.*
25.6
19.2
33.9
25.*
19.5
3*.6
25.1
17.6
65.I
65.5
60.1
70.2
61.2
61.6
56.5
66.0
BITUMINOUS-COAL................
30*.9
3*8.7
356.5
378A
282.3
323.9
332.2
353.*
CRUDE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS
PRODUCTION....................
271.2
266.3
267.*
2A .8
—
—
—
—
—
—
133.7
126.6
129.2
129.9
105.9
105.5
10*.8
91.5
91.3
90.9
9*.8
METAL
ANTHRACITE..................
Petroleum and natural gas production
(except contract services).......
NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING__
MANUFACTURING........................ 15,*87
DURABLE 600DS..................
NONDURABLE GOODS...............
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES........
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS.......
Meat products....... .............
Dairy products....................
Canning and preserving............
Grain-mill products...............
Bakery products...................
Sugar..............................
Confectionery and related products.
Beverages............... ..........
Miscellaneous food products......
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES...........
Cigarettes........................
Cig ars.............................
Tobacco and 3nuff.... ......... .
Tobacco stemming and redrying....
TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS...............
Yarn and thread mills.... ....... .
Broad—woven fabric mills...........
Knitting mills...... ...... .........
Dyeing and finishing textiles......
Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings .
Other textile-mill products........
See E x p la n a to r y N otes and G lo s s a r y
2k
8,689
6,798
15,795
15,956
L2,393
12,606
12,733
13,06*
9,012
6,668
9,05*
6,7*1
8,998
6,958
6,9*7
5,**6
7,260
5,326
7,329
5,*0*
7,*09
5,655
78.2
i,W5
76.3
1,***
29*.6
15*.*
178.0
133.*
290.9
28.8
88.6
227.3
13V.3
292.9
1*8.0
1*8.1
129.8
282.*
28.0
87.8
217.8
130.1
295.*
1*1.*
138.9
129.7
266.7
27.3
90.6
203.8
129.8
85
85
8*
27.1
*2.2
11.6
26.7
*1.6
11.8
*.7
26.5
*1.0
11.8
*.8
*.*
1,181
108.3
15,680
79.6
1,530
—
—
1,178
157.1
536.3
232.6
8*.9
**.5
125.2
for d efin ition s.
155.1
532.5
229.3
8*.9
51.6
12*.8
1,189
155.9
538.1
229.3
86.*
52.6
126.5
V2.3
1,532
60.7
1,13*
59.3
1,073
57.8
1,057
33.9
1,1*6
296.7
157.5
179.6
128.7
286.6
30.1
89.8
22*.1
139.0
231.8
112.7
151.5
99.3
190.8
23.8
71.9
152.5
99.8
230.2
106.7
121.6
95.9
183*8
22.8
71.1
1*5.5
95.8
233.1
100.*
11*.3
95.6
186.3
22.2
73.7
136.3
95.1
233.2
115.6
153.9
96.9
192.0
2*.8
73.1
155.1
101.7
83
78
77
77
76
25.7
*0.6
11.9
2*.6
39.9
10.0
3.5
2*.0
39.*
10.0
3.8
23.7
38.8
10.0
*.0
23.3
38.*
10.3
3.6
*.*
1,301
168.6
619.9
235.5
88.1
55.6
133.1
1,085
1*6.5
506.2
212.2
7*.7
37.1
108.5
1,08*
1**.*
503.2
208.9
7*.6
**.0
108.5
1,093
1*5.2
507.*
209.6
76.1
**.8
109.9
1,205
157.8
587.7
215.7
78.1
*7.7
H7.9
Industry Data
Table 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries - Continued
(In thousands)
All employees
Industry group and industry
APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE
PRODUCTS......................
Men's and boys' suits and coats....
Men's and boys' furnishings and work
clothing............................
Women's, children's under garments..
Millinery............................
Children's outerwear................
Pur goods and miscellaneous apparel..
Other fabricated textile products...
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
FURNITURE)....................
Logging camps and contractors......
Sawmills and planing mills.........
Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated
structural wood products..........
Wooden containers...................
Miscellaneous wood products........
FURNITURE AND FIXTURES...........
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.........
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills...
Paperboard containers and boxes....
Other paper and allied products....
PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED
INDUSTRIES....................
Newspapers...........................
Periodicals.........................
Commercial printing.................
Lithographing. ....... ............. .
Other printing and publishing......
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.....
Industrial inorganic chemicals.....
Industrial organic chemicals.......
Drugs and medicines.................
Paints, pigments, and fillers......
Fertilizers.........................
Vegetable and animal oils and fats..
Other chemicals and allied products.
Production workers
Jane
May
April
Jun«
June
Jons
1952
1952
1951
1952
Kaj
1952
April
1952
1952
1951
1,092
1,078
1,115
1,120
973
961
996
1,000
132.5
125.8
13*.3
1*9.5
119.*
112.8
120.7
135.*
259.3
267.6
101.3
16.2
68.9
89.1
137.3
255.9
287.*
101.5
18.1
65.5
85.3
138.6
257.6
309.7
102.2
21.2
6*.8
85.O
1*0.6
263.it
289.5
97.0
16.8
6*.9
96.1
1*0.3
2*0 .*
253.0
90.8
13.9
62.5
77.9
11*.9
237.*
253.5
91.1
15.8
59.*
7*.*
U6.1
236.8
27* .7
91.9
16.7
58.9
7*.*
118.1
2*5.2
255.*
86.6
1*.3
59.2
85.8
117.6
772
709
7*2
838
706
6**
678
773
69.2
*61.5
*7.6
*26.9
62.1
*38.1
80.7
*88.7
6*.5
*27.8
*3.5
393.6
58.2
*05.2
76.7
*55.9
108.5
73.9
59.1
101.5
7*.3
58.5
107.3
75.1
59.8
122.6
82.V
63.2
93.0
68.*
52.*
86.0
68.5
52.1
91.7
69.*
53.*
107.3
76.6
56.8
337
336
3*2
33*
288
287
292
266
230.9
106.1
231.O
10*.5
235.3
106.6
226.0
106.1
201.8
86.3
202.2
8*.*
205.*
86.6
197.3
89.O
*80
*76
*77
500
*03
396
396
*26
2*3.5
128.2
106.7
2*1.6
125.9
108.0
2*1.6
126.8
108.*
2*8.8
136.5
11*.7
208.7
106.7
07.5
206.6
10*.2
86.9
205.8
105.0
86.9
21*.9
116.*
9*.3
771
766
763
762
512
508
507
512
306.*
53.8
52.3
20*.9
39.6
113.7
305.1
5*.i
50.8
203.6
39.8
112.2
302.6
5*.3
51.2
203.*
*0.0
111.8
299.7
52.*
*9-1
206.3
*1.1
113.6
15*.*
33.7
36.7
167.*
30.3
89.3
153.5
3*.5
35.3
166.6
30.5
87.1
151.9
35.2
35.7
166.*
30.7
87.2
152.2
33.7
35.9
168.8
31.9
89.*
739
7*1
75*
7*2
513
517
530
526
83.3
221.*
U 0 .5
7*.6
37.1
*7.2
166.5
83.1
223.3
110.5
7*.8
*2.3
51.1
168.7
82.6
229.0
106.0
76.5
31.*
*7.9
168.6
60.9
163.2
71.3
*8.0
2*.e
31.9
113.3
60.5
161.1
71.0
*7.5
29.9
3*.0
112.7
60.8
162.8
71.3
*7.7
35.0
37.9
11*.*
60.*
171.5
70.1
50.0
2*.7
36.3
115.2
8*.l
225.O
111.5
75.0
31.2
**.8
167.1
25
Industry Data
Table 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries - Continued
(in thousands)
All employees
Industry group and industry
PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.....
Petroleum refining..................
Coke and byproducts.................
Other petroleum and coal products...
RUBBER PRODUCTS.................
Tires and inner tubes...............
Rubber footwear.....................
LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS......
Footwear (except rubber)............
Other leather products..............
STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS....
Glass and glass products............
Cement, hydraulic...................
Structural clay products............
Pottery and related products.......
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Other stone, clay, and glass products.
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES..........
Blast furnaces, steel works, and
Iron and steel foundries...........
Primary smelting and refining of
Rolling, drawing, and alloying of
nonferrous m^Jtals............... /. .
Other primary metal industries.....
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)........
Tin cans and other tinware..........
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware...
Heating apparatus (except electric)
and plumbers’ supplies....... .....
Fabricated structural metal products .
Metal stamping, coating, and
engraving...........................
Other fabricated metal products....
26
Production workers
June
1952
May
1952
April
1952
June
1951
June
1952
May
1952
April
1952
June
1951
270
2*0
271
263
19*
165
197
198
218.6
20.7
30.2
1B8.5
22.6
28.8
220.0
22.*
28.7
210.*
22.0
30.9
152.8
17.1
2*.l
122.5
19.2
23.0
155.3
19.0
22.7
153.8
19.1
2*.8
270
269
268
273
215
213
213
220
121.0
29.*
119.7
120.*
29.2
119.0
120.3
27.6
120.2
11*.3
31.2
127.7
380
370
376
382
339
330
336
3**
**.9
2*5.5
89.9
*3.6
237.2
89.5
*3.7
2*1.0
90.8
*7.3
2**.6
90.5
*0.3
220.7
78.*
39.1
212.7
78.0
39.2
216.9
79.*
*2.7
221.8
79.3
535
1*2.8
*1.1
91.5
53.1
101.0
105.8
530
533
562
**9
*52
*65
1*2.1
*1.3
88.9
53.*
98.0
106.7
1*0.9
*2.2
89.3
5*.l
97-5
108.9
1*7.2
*3.*
92.9
59.2
102.5
116.7
*53
12*.1
3*.7
82.2
*7.3
8*.0
80.8
123.*
3*.9
79.9
*7.8
81.*
81.9
122.5
35.8
80.2
*8.5
80.8
8*.2
129.8
37.3
8*.8
53.3
87.0
92.8
9*5
1,3*2
1,338
1,357
95.*
23.8
95.6
7*9
9**8
23.6
9*.9
1,1*6
9**6
22.0
96.3
1,1*3
89.9
25.7
10*.7
1,172
270.2
266.1
6*9.7
271.1
6*6.5
270.7
655.0
285.3
182.2
23*.2
561.3
239.*
558.0
239.0
571.8
253.7
57.2
57.1
56.9
56.8
*7.6
*7.7
*7.6
*7.8
98.9
113.0
139.*
100.6
113.8
1*9.3
100.6
113.3
1*9.7
101.2
109.9
1M8.8
79.8
93.7
111.*
81.7
9*.6
121.6
81.9
9*.0
122.*
83.1
91.5
12*.1
970
961
990
787
797
806
8*3
*9.0
1*5.5
*6.9
1*6.8
*6.7
1*6.9
*9.7
161.6
*3.1
119.3
*1.1
121.0
*0.9
122.9
*3.5
136.6
1**.8
235.8
1*2.6
2*2.3
1**.*
2*3.3
157.9
227.3
115.8
181.6
113.2
187.6
115.0
188.6
128.*
176.9
172.3
222.6
171.5
230.9
173.*
233.1
185.7
236.6
1**.2
182.7
1*3.6
190.7
1*5.5
193.2
158.8
198.3
1,019
Industry Data
Table 3: All Employees and Production Workers in Mining and Manufacturing Industries - Continued
(In thousands)
All employees
Production workers
Industry group and industry
May
1952
April
1952
June
June
1952
1951
1952
May
1952
1,6*2
1,651
1,660
1,611
1,260
1,271
June
MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)........
Engines and turbines.................
Agricultural machinery and tractors. .
Construction and mining machinery....
Metalworking machinery...............
Special-industry machinery (except
metalworking machinery).............
General industry machinery...........
Office and store machines and devices
Service-industry and household machines
Miscellaneous machinery parts.......
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY..................
Electrical generating, transmission,
distribution, and industrial
apparatus............................
Electrical equipment for vehicles....
Communication equipment..............
Electrical appliances, lamps, and
miscellaneous products..............
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT..........
Aircraft and parts...................
Aircraft engines and parts.........
Aircraft propellers and parts......
Other aircraft parts and equipment. .. .
Ship and boat building and repairing..
Ship building and repairing........
Boat building and repairing........
Railroad equipment...................
Other transportation equipment......
INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS.....
Ophthalmic goods.....................
Photographic apparatus...............
VatobMM and clocks............. ......
Professional and scientific
instruments..........................
M 1SCELLANEOUS MANUF ACTUR 1NG 1NDUSTR1E S .
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware. . .
Toys and sporting goods...... .......
Costume jewelry, buttons, notions....
Other miscellaneous manufacturing
industries...........................
April
1952
1,282
June
1951
1,252
103.9
188.6
131.8
311.2
102.5
190.0
133.2
311.0
100.8
191.*
133.3
312.9
92.1
195.8
120.7
29*.3
77.2
1*7.1
99.0
2*7.7
76.1
1*9.0
101.0
2*6.9
7*.8
150.6
101.*
2*9.1
69.3
153.1
90.7
232.8
190.8
238.8
107.7
165.3
203.6
190.6
239.9
107.9
172.6
203.3
192.9
2*1.8
108.1
17*.3
20*.6
197.9
228.7
105.0
173.2
203.0
1*2.2
I69.I
88.5
126.8
162.6
1*2.2
170.1
88.9
133.7
162.6
1**.5
172.1
89.*
135.6
16*.1
150.2
166.8
88.5
137.3
163.2
953
956
960
932
706
709
71*
70*
37*.6
81.*
362.5
37*.9
82.lt
363.2
376.9
81.5
36*.1
376.3
81.5
32*.6
266.3
65.3
266.8
267.3
66.3
267.0
269.9
65.*
268.7
275.0
67.O
2*1.2
13*.7
135.8
137.3
150.0
107.*
108,5
109.9
121.2
1,672
1*61*9
1,629
1,525
1,32*
1,308
1,288
1,237
820.8
611.2
*08.5
123.*
l*.l
65.2
152.0
131.*
20.6
76.8
11.1
815.0
596.8
398.8
121.5
13.7
62.8
150.0
130.6
19.*
76.0
10.9
809.8
591.9
395.1
120.9
13.*
62.5
1**.8
126.8
18.0
71.9
10.9
875.6
*51.7
30*.9
89.6
10*5
*6.7
112.4
97.7
1*.7
7*.*
10.8
673.9
***.3
298,6
85.8
10.0
*9.9
13*.8
115.9
18.9
61.*
9.2
669.9
*35.9
293.9
8*.3
9.8
*7.9
132.9
115.2
17.7
60.6
9.1
663.2
*30.3
288.8
8*.l
9.6
*7.8
128.0
111.7
16.3
56.9
9.1
738.1
332.7
225.6
62.8
7.5
36.8
97.9
8*.7
13.2
59.2
9.0
32*
322
323
299
235
23*
236
223
27.2
65.1
36.3
27.6
6*.*
36.2
27.7
6*.7
36.*
27.8
60.6
3*.l
21.9
*5.7
30.6
22.3
*5.0
30.6
22.5
*5.2
30.8
22.6
**.0
28.9
195.2
193.9
193.9
176.5
137.2
136.3
137.1
127.6
*59
*58
*61
*79
378
376
380
*00
*3.7
75.7
50.1
*3.9
72.3
*9.1
*5>
70.1
51.1
50.5
75.1
5*.3
35.*
65.6
*1.0
35.5
62.0
*0.3
36.9
60.1
*2.2
*1.1
65.5
*5.7
289.7
292.6
29*.6
298.9
236.*
238.5
2*1.0
2*7.8
27
I n d u s t r y Da ta
Table 4: Production W orkers in Selected Manufacturing Industries
(In thousand*)
Industry
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS:
Meat packing, wholesale..................................
Prepared neats.................................................
Concentrated m ilk........................ .............
Ice cream and ic e s...........................................
Flour and meal...........................................
Cane-sugar re fin in g .........................................
Beet sugar........................................................
Confectionery products....................................
June
161 .*
1952
Nay
161.0
33.9
12.8
21.7
27.1
13.6
5.2
A p ril
163.7
33.7
12.0
19.5
27.9
13.*
*.7
55.9
1951
June
161.5
17.9
3*.0
1*.2
22.9
27.3
1*.3
6.0
55.2
66.9
18.*
99.3
376.*
71.9
U0.1
*18.0
101.9
50.7
30.6
30.8
7.*
33.9
33.5
8.7
D istille d liquors, except brandy...................
3*.3
13.3
23.3
27.9
13.7
5.8
5*.2
66.1
17.1
TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS:
Yarn m ills, wool (except carpet), cotton
and s ilk systems............................. ..............
Cotton and rayon broad-woven fabrics ..........
Woolen and worsted fa b rics............................
Full-fashioned hosiery m ills ..........................
Seamless hosiery m i l ls . . . ...............................
Knit underwear m ills .................... ............
Wool carpets, rugs, and carpet yarn..............
F u r-felt hats and hat bodies..........................
100.5
370.8
76.5
5*.7
51.1
31.2
20.7
7.7
98.7
370.*
7*.3
5*.9
APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS:
Men's dress sh irts and nightwear...................
Work s h irts ................................................. .
77.5
12.6
77.0
12.*
78.6
12.1
80.0
13.2
FURNITURE AND FIXTURES:
Wood household furniture, except upholstered.
Mattresses and bedsprings...............................
100.8
29.7
101.0
25.*
101.*
25.9
103.6
22.4
20.7
7-7
*5.3
18.0
20.*
7.6
*3.2
20.8
7.6
*3.5
18.2
22.8
7.5
56.*
18.8
*1.3
*0.2
38.6
**.2
32.3
28.1
9.1
32.9
26.*
8.8
3*. 2
26.3
8.7
3*.l
29.9
9.0
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS:
P lastic m aterials............................................
Synthetic rubber..............................................
Synthetic fib e rs........................... .................
STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS:
Glass containers..............................................
Pressed and blown glass, not elsewhere
c la s s ifie d ......................................................
Brick and hollow t i l e .....................................
Sewer pipe........................................................
See Explanatory Motes, section G.
28
53.5
62.0
18.1
50.1
30.8
30.1
7.*
18.0
56.0
56.1
61.3
50.0
Industry Data
Table 4: Production W orkers in Selected Manufacturing Industries - Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES:
Gray-iron foundries.........................................
Malle able-iron foundries................... .............
Steel foundries................................................
Primary copper, lead, and zin c................. ....
Primary aluminum........................... .................
Iron and steel forgings................... , .............
Wire drawing............ . .......................*.............
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDNANCE,
MACHINERY, AND TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT):
Cutlery and edge to o ls....................................
Hand tools, not elsewhere cla ssifie d , file s ,
hand saws, and saw blades...................... . . . .
Hardware, not elsewhere c la s s ifie d ...............
Metal plumbing fixtures and fit t in g s ............
Oil burners, heating and cooking apparatus,
not elsewhere c la s s ifie d ...............................
Structural and ornamental products................
Boiler shop products.................................. .
Metal stampings................................................
June
1952
May
April
1951
June
1**.8
25.2
67.8
1*5.6
25.7
36.3
39.*
25.7
10.7
36.9
*1.3
37.1
*1.*
162.0
28.*
63.*
26.5
10.3
3*.9
**.3
19.6
20.8
21.1
23.8
33.1
63.8
25.6
33.5
63.9
25.3
3*.5
6*.6
25.*
38.5
71.0
31.0
7*.l
72.0
77.7
65.0
53.3
116.7
1*3.9
25.O
6*.2
26.0
11.0
25.*
66.8
10.5
62.1
101.7
101.6
73.8
66.1
63.3
103.3
72.0
71.6
72.3
73.1
66.2
72.7
7*.*
7*.0
75.6
59.6
**.2
9*.7
*1.3
20.8
*3.6
9*.7
*2.1
**.7
95.3
*2.3
20.9
*7.3
9**5
*9.0
*6.8
95.8
*8.9
*7.3
*2.9
92.3
*1.7
21.8
99.0
*7.*
*7.0
166.1
167.2
168.1
1*9.0
*7.9
*7.2
*7.0
*0.9
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT:
Locomotives and parts.....................................
Railroad and streetcars..................................
25.*
36.9
25.1
36.5
25.3
32.*
25.2
36.0
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES:
Silverware and plated ware............................
13.2
13.5
13.8
16.2
MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL):
Tractors............................................................
Farm machinery, except tractors.....................
Machine tools...................................................
Metalworking machinery, not elsewhere
c la s s ifie d ......................................................
Cutting tools, ji gs, fixtures, etc............ ..
Computing and related machines......................
Typewriters,.....................................................
Refrigeration machinery..................................
B all and ro lle r bearings................................
Machine shops...................................................
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY:
Radios and related products...........................
Telephone and telegraph equipment and
communication equipment, not elsewhere
c la s s ifie d .......................................................
61.3
61.7
66.1
86.9
*8.9
66.0
20.7
66.5
29
E m ploym ent and P ayro lls
Table 5: In d e x e s
of P ro d u c tio n W o r k e r E m p lo y m e n t a n d W e e k ly P a y r o l l s
in Manufacturing Industries
(19^7-19^9 Average » 100)
Period
Production-worker
employment index
1/
Production-worker
pay-roll index 2/
Annual average:
1939....................
1940....................
1941....................
1942......... ...........
1943....................
1944....................
1945.......... ..........
1946....................
1947....................
1948....................
1949....................
1950....................
1951..................................
1251
A p r i l ...................
May....................................
J u n e . .............. .
66.2
71.2
87.9
103.9
121.
March................................
72.2
99.0
118.1
102.8
10^.0
97.9
103 A
87.8
81.2
105.4
9 7.7
105.1
97.2
H I. 2
129.2
106.0
105.0
105.6
128.1
129.8
104.2
105.7
126. *
128 A
105.1
lO lf.3
lO^.H
129.8
129.8
103.2
103.6
103.6
130A
131.0
102.8
93.8
99.2
105.8
1252
3V .0
*9.3
102.9
101.9
100.2
129.5
.130.9
132.9
131.9
128.1
128.2
126.8
1/ Represents number of production and related workers in manufacturing expressed
as a percentage of average monthly production worker employment in 1947-1949
period.
2/ Represents production worker average weekly payroll expressed as percentage of
average weekly payroll for 1947-1949 period.
Aggregate weekly payroll for aIV
manufacturing is derived by multiplying gross average weekly earnings by p ro
duction worker employment*
30
S h ip b u ild in g
Tabled
Employees in the Shipbuilding and Repairing Industry
by Region
y
(In thouMais)
June
1952
Mar
April
June
266.7
264.4
259.8
221.8
217.0
PRIVATE..........
131.*
130.6
126.8
97.7
9*.3
NAVY.............
135.3
133.8
133.0
124.1
122.7
124.0
121.1
119.0
101.0
99.7
63.5
60.5
61.3
59.8
59.*
59.6
45.1
55-9
44.4
55-3
SOUTH ATLANTIC.....
*5.6
*5-7
*5.1
38.5
37.2
Private........
Navy...........
20.3
25.3
20.6
25.1
20.1
25.0
15.1
23.4
14.1
23.1
Private.........
21.8
22.5
18.8
18.1
16.3
PACIFIC..........
62.1
61.9
62.9
53.*
53.*
Private........
Navy...........
12.6
13.0
48.9
i*.5
48.4
8.6
*9.5
44.8
9-1
44.3
8.3
8.4
9.2
6.3
6.0
Region
ALL REGIONS.........
NORTH ATLANTIC.....
Private........
Navy.......... «
1951
May
GULF:
3REAT LAKES:
Private.........
INLAND:
Private.........
4.8
4.8
4.4
*•9
*.5
J/ The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the
following States: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont.
The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the
following States: Florida, Qtorgia, lortk Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia.
The Gulf region includes all yards bordering on the Gulf of Mexico in the fol
lowing States: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas.
The Pacific region includes all yards in California, Oregon, and Washington.
The Great Lakes region includes all yards bordering on the Great Lakes in the
following States: Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania,
And Wisconsin.
The Inland region includes all other yards.
31
F ederal G overnm ent
Table 7: Federal Civilian Employment and Pay Rolls in All Areas and in Continental United States and Total
Government Civilian Employment and Payrolls in the District of Columbia
(in thousands)
Employment
(as of first of month)
Payrolls
(total for month)
Area and branch
June
1952
May
1951
April
June
June
1952
May
1951 _
April
June
ALL AREAS
TOTAL FEDERAL....................
2,562.9 2,571.3 2,559.2 2,*62.3
$81*,6*9 $826,10* $826,8*3 $721,693
2,570.2 2,558.7 2,5*6.7 2,*50.1
1,33*.0 1,326.* 1,319.0 1,237.5
511.8
510.0
1*91.2
512.5
721.*
720.5
723.7
717.7
8.7
8.3
8.7
8.5
*.0
*.0
3.9
3.9
809,162 820,611 821,276 716,681
*10,699 *05,977 360,686
160,329 152,038 159,*95 131,156
250,159 257,87* 255,80* 22*,839
3,721
3,697
3,725
3,379
1,800 1,768 1,8*6 1,633
396,67k
CONTINENTAL
UNITED STATES i/
TOTAL FEDERAL....................
2,399.8 2,390.0
2,380.8
2,290.5
2,387.2 2,377.* 2,368.* 2,278.1*
1,198.5 1,113.3
*89.3
507.9
675.8
662.0
8.7
8.3
8.7
8.5
3.8
3.9
3.9
3.9
1,210.* 1,203.6
509.6
510.3
66*.2
666.5
767,175 776,713 778,*91 677,*93
761,732
368,809
159,663
233,260
3,687
1,756
771,26*
379,369
151,*01
2*0 ,*9*
3,725
1,72*
772,968
37*,879
158,832
239,257
3,721
672,525
330,332
130,613
211,580
3,379
1,589
103,302
106,*65 106,*78
9*,102
1,802
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
TOTAL GOVERNMENT..................
D. C. GOVERNMENT...................
TOTAL FEDERAL 5/.......................
272.7
273.0
273.1
272.9
20.5
252.2
20.5
252.5
20.*
252.7
20.5
252.*
91,OkO 100,0*3
2*2.8
87.8
8.1
2*3.1
87.6
2*3.5
87..*
1*6.9
8.7
.7
1*7.*
8.7
.7
8.5
.7
243.*
83.9
7.7
151.8
8.3
.7
93,024
33,655
3,*53
55,916
3,687
329
8.1
8.1
1*8.0
6,262
6,*22
95,983
3*,*57
3,*25
58,101
3,725
335
6,3*6
5,623
58,350
3,721
3*0
52,*79
3,379
100,132 88,*79
96,071 8*,798
3*,259 29,*80
3,*62 2,839
302
—? Includes
all executive agencies (except the Central Intelligence Agency), Government corporations, Federal
Reserve Banks, and mixed-ownership banks of the Farm Credit Administration.
Civilian employment in navy
yards, arsenals, hospitals, and on force-account construction is included in total for executive agencies.
Covers civilian employees of the Department of Defense (Secretary of Defense, Army, Navy, and Air Force),
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, canal Zone Government, 8eltotive Sez-viee System, National Security
Resources Board, National Security Council, and War Claims Cosan&sion.
—^ Includes Fourth Class Postmasters, Excluded from Pederau. total in Table 2.
4/ Covers only the 48 States and the District or Columbia.
— ^ Includes all Federal civilian employment in Washington Standard Metropolitan area (District of Columbia end
Adjacent Maryland and Virginia counties\.
32
State Data
Table 8: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
by State
(In thousands)
Total
State
Alabama .................
Arizona........... . ....
California ...............
Colorado.................
Connecticut.............
Delaware.... ............
District of Columbia .....
Florida..........
Georgia .................
Idaho........ ........
Tilinois..V*.... *.......
Indiana............ .
Iowa....................
Kansas................
Kentucky............ .
Louisiana......... .
...
Maine.......... .
Maryland ................
Massachusetts ....... ...
Mississippi ..............
Montana...............
Nebraska...............
Nevada................
New Hampshire. . ...........
New Jersey...............
New Mexico ..............
New York ..............
North Carolina ...........
North Dakota...........
Ohio .....................
Oklahoma . . ............
Oregon ..................
Pennsylvania ............
Rhode Island ...........
South Carolina ...........
South Dakota .............
T ennessee.................... ..
. .
T exas ......................................................................
......................................................
Utah
Vermont ........................................................ .
Virginia ............................................................
Washington ...............
West Virginia...... .... . . . .
Wisconsin. ......................................................
Wyoming
..............................................................
1952
June 1 Mav
Mining
1951
June
638.8
663.*
6*7.3
189.6
17*.0
190.9
306.0
305.6
315.*
3,622.2 3,561.7 3,516.0
396.0
39*.6
391.1
820.6
835.*
(I/)
-
52*.2
718.7
862.2
521.5
725.1
860.0
519.6
70*.*
8*2.6
13*.0
1*3.0
137*3
3,293-3 3,295.2 3,299.5
1,307.6 1,339.0 1,357.5
632.*
639.1
637.*
522.8
50*.9
53*.u
-
-
-
275.6
268.5
279.1
7*0.0
751.T
7*3.5
1,771.6 1,760.* 1,815.2
-
-
803.*
82*.9
830.8
-
-
Contract Construction
1952
June | Mav
1951
June
10.8
12.7
6.*
3*.6
9.9
(l/)
(3/)
6.1
*.3
20.9
12.5
6.5
33.9
11.3
(2/)
21.*
11.9
6.3
35.1
10.3
(2/)
5.*
39.2
15.*
2.8
18.6
52.2
30.5
.6
3.0
(3/)
-
2.6
1952
June 1 Mar
*0.6
1*.5
21.6
218.5
30.2
(1/)
37.7
1*.3
21.1
18*.2
28.1
**.*
1951
June
3*.9
12.8
26.0
251.3
27.0
**.1
-
-
-
-
(3/)
*.*
(3/)
6.5
*.6
22.0
67.$
*9.2
21.2
6*.9
*7.7
21.0
69.8
*9.*
5.6
38.6
15.0
2.7
18.1
5*.9
29.9
.*
3.0
(3/)
5.6
**.9
15.9
2.9
18.*
59.6
27.9
.7
2.*
(2/)
10.8
183.*
71.2
*3.2
39.5
10.9
175.7
69-1
38.*
36.8
-
1*.5
178.8
70.0
*3.1
39.1
-
-
-
ll.fi
13.0
57.0
77.9
o.l
12.7
60.5
6*.5
-
57.8
60.8
-
_
-
-
18.5
*1.3
65.*
13.6
20.2
5.7
7.0
85.9
1*.7
38.6
61.7
12.9
17.8
5.3
6.5
85.7
1*.2
66.3
13.1
21.2
*.0
7.7
87.3
16.3
233.2
80.9
9.7
2*6.6
67.7
11.3
_
-
-
1,261k 6 1,251.8 1,23*.8
157.7
15*.5
155.3
332.8
329.8
332.6
61.1
63.5
58.9
166.9
171.5
173.9
1,69*.7 1,68*.9 1,687.5
16*.*
167.*
160.9
8.9
10.5
(a/)
3.2
.2
*.0
1*.9
8.y
10.6
(3/)
3.1
.2
*.0
1*.5
18.3
8.7
10.1
(a/)
3.0
.3
*.0
12.*
5,836.9 5,829.1 5,806.5
981.3
972.3
96*.3
117.8
116.*
117.2
11.1
3.3
1.3
26.3
*o.y
1.2
169.0
(3/)
1.2
2.3
11.9
3.6
.9
26.*
**.6
1.5
180.6
(2/>
1.3
2.2
2*2.9
85.0
10.8
511.6
506.3
503.5
*68.6
*38.1
*68.7
3,537.2 3,676.9 3,7*0.*
296.8
308.2
29*.9
*85.6
510.1
507.3
126.6
125.0
125.1
10.9
3.*
1.3
26.6
41.9
1.1
1*3.6
(3/)
1.2
2 .*
J2.8
26.3
163.9
19.5
56.0
8.3
32.7
26.0
160.*
19.1
5*.l
7.7
32.6
29.8
175.0
16.3
35.0
9.3
782.8
782.0
787.1
2,16*.* 2,135.6 2,088.1
208.9
211.3
209.3
98.8
98.*
101.7
876.8
869.7
863.3
721.2
700.8
732.2
519.8
512.0
53*. 0
1,070.3 1,051.3 1,073.0
88.8
89.*
86.7
11.2
122.1
12.2
.7
21.9
2.8
109.2
3.*
9.7
11.3
118.*
1*.0
1.2
21.9
2.9
117.3
3.7
9.6
11.7
113.5
13.0
1.2
21.6
2.9
lk*.6
*.0
10.*
50.1
166.9
1*.2
3*7
59.2
**.5
20.8
53.7
7.*
*7.8
160.*
12.2
3.3
56.6
*3.*
18.8
**.6
7.3
56.2
173.0
1*.8
*.1
61.6
*7.6
19.3
57.6
7.7
-
-
-
-
-
**.9
-
gee footnotes at and of table.
33
State Data
Table 8: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division.
by State - Continued
(in thousands)
State
Alabama............
Arizona...........
Manufacturing
1952
1951
June
June 1 May
Idaho............ .
Iowa.............
Kansas............
Kentucky...........
Louisiana ..........
Massachusetts.......
Michigan ..........
Minnesota..........
Mississippi........
Missouri ...........
Montana ...........
Nevada ............
New Hampshire......
New Jersey .........
New Mexico.........
New Tork ...........
North Carolina ......
North Dakota........
Ohio..............
Oklahoma ...........
Oregon.............
Pennsylvania........
Rhode Island.......
South Carolina ......
South Dakota .......
Tennessee ..........
Texas.............
Utah.lh/............
Vermont.. ........
West Virginia.......
Wyoming............
26.1
22.1
2*.9
1,215.5 1,229.8 1,250.*
61*.6
599.2
568.3
167.2
167.2
168.3
116.2
136.5
130.7
1*0.2
150.9
1*3.9
150.1
1*6.5
1*6.3
lll.l
118.6
117.*
25*.6
2*1.5
255.3
701.0
735.*
699-1
17.3
300.3
106.3
63.2
66.2
59.6
85.6
19.7
71.1
121.1
17.1
298.2
107.1
62.1
6*.*
59.6
8*.6
19.3
7*.*
121.2
17.*
306.6
110.3
6*.5
65.3
60.1
80.3
19.3
71.5
128.*
(i/) 1,065.? 1,137.7
206.1
205.8
206.8
93-6
93.*
95.5
376.8
389.1
382.7
18.6
18.*
18.0
56.7
59.*
58.5
3.8
3.7
3.9
82.2
80.2
79.2
760.0
758.*
766.3
1*.0
1*.6
1*.9
-
-
_
_
_
_
88.9
25.3
130.1
23.9
*3.*
9.0
10.6
1*2.2
18.7
96.*
25.6
129.2
23.*
*2.5
8.9
10.*
1*1.3
17.9
98.*
26.3
129.2
23.7
tt.3
8.9
10.7
1*1.0
17.7
206.6
322.0
39.1
92.2
13.*
28.7
275.*
39.1
206.9
319.2
38.2
91.*
12.7
28.0
272.2
38.6
209.*
313.2
38.5
93.0
12.*
28.6
27*>.3
37.5
1,880.2 1,908.0 1,896.3
*16.8
*13.0
*27.7
6.2
6.*
6.2
1,285.0
1,2*7.1 1,265.7
77.9
75.1
73.*
15*.8
130.1
153.1
1,500.1
1,325.5 1,*52.*
152.2
137.6
137.2
21*.6
218.9
215.9
11.6
11.8
11.5
509.9
61.3
l*.l
23*.7
50.5
*8.*
3*7.1
16.5
28.0
11.2
506.5
61.1
l*.l
231.8
*9.5
*6.8
353.2
16.*
28.0
11.0
509.3
58.8
2*1.5
50.1
*8.3
352.*
16.6
27.2
11.1
262.0
397.2
30.9
39.6
2*0.3
198.0
1*0.0
*62.0
6.2
61.5
233.*
22.8
8.8
90.3
66.8
5*.8
76.1
15.9
61.6
227.0
22.*
8.7
87.7
65.9
5*.*
75.1
15.8
60.7
221.5
22.3
8.9
87.2
68.7
56.5
78.6
16.3
267.*J
*13.7
26.7
37.2
239.9
187.8
130.7
*6*.S>
6.5
See footnotes at *id of table.
3U
126.2
*7.8
71.0
8*0.*
101.1
(1/)
32.5
72.9
73.1
58.1
17.3
106.0
301.2
265.2
*11.1
28.7
37.5
239.7
175.5
133.*
*56.7
6.3
56.5
21.0
31.6
326.1
*5.*
0 />
1951
June
5*. 3
20.5
32.0
321.1
**.*
*2.1
31.*
69.6
71.2
229.5
23.6
75.9
938.7
6V.0
*25.3
57.8
17>
108.8
301.9
230.0
19.3
81.6
873.*
6*.*
*17.3
55.8
17.3
102.8
300.*
Trade
1952
June | May
56.2
20.1
31.2
323.5
**.3
*2.5
31.2
72.8
72.0
203.7
23.7
76.2
9*5.8
57.*
(y>
District of Columbia. .
Florida ...........
Georgia ...........
Trans. and Public Util.
1952
1951
June 1' May
June
96.*
206.1
182.6
12*.6
*7.7
71.1
829.2
99.6
1300
95.*
209.8
182.*
122.3
*3.2
72.3
822.0
100.*
133.8
9*.2
203.6
178.6
33.7
697.5
268.9
170.3
123.0
108.2
1*8.0
*9.3
1*5.5
363.6
33.*
697.0
268.9
170.8
122.*
109.3
1*7.5
*8.5
1**.0
359.1
35.1
691.0
271.2
169.0
120.2
117.*
150.3
50.3
1*5.*
368.2
1,25*.2 1,2*7.6 1,256.0
182.1
181.8
178.1
36.*
37.3
37.1
560.5
555.*
552. L
126.6
126.6
126.8
10*.6
10*.7
102.7
68*.6
678.1
675.5
52.6
5*.2
53.1
88.8
87.2
88.7
36.1
36.2
35.6
177.5
571.3
*7. 1
18.1
191.*
162.8
86.9
218.*
18.*
178.0
565.0
*6.2
17.8
189.8
157.7
86.0
217.1
16.8
172.5
5*9.0
*6.9
18.0
181.7
163.2
85.9
221.5
18.*
State D ata
Table 8:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
by State - Continued
(in thousands)
State
Colorado........ ........
Finance
1952
June 1 May
20.2
6.2
8.0
l6*.7
16.*
(1/)
Michigan...............
Mississippi.............
Nebraska........ .......
Nevada .................
New Jersey.... .........
New Mexico..............
New York...............
Ohio..................
Texas .............. .
Utah .y.................
Virginia.,
...........
Government
1952
1951
June 1 May
June
A. 3
36.1
1*51.6
52.5
00.1
60.9
99.7
78.3
117.6
37.9
53.8
62*.6
81.6
(1/)
11.0
272.7
125.3
137.9
118.0
38.0
5*.*
625.*
81.7
67.5
11.0
273.0
125.5
138.2
111.*
36.3
53.1
601.5
76.6
66.3
10.7
272.*
120.9
133.2
59.6
102.5
85.0
56.8
27.2
37.*
*63.1
51.0
80.*
59.8
105.1
8*.7
3.8
159.1
*0.3
25.7
19.2
15.2
21.9
7.0
33.0
8*.8
3.7
156.9
39.*
25.O
18.7
15.0
21.8
7*9
32.6
83.6
3.7
155.2
38.*
2*.5
17.2
15.8
20.6
6.9
31.2
81.6
1*.8
357.9
93.0
65.*
*9.1
62.3
70.6
26.6
79.5
198.8
1*.5
357.6
9*.7
65.1
*9.3
61.5
70.1
25.7
79.6
199.2
15.1
3*5.3
9*.3
67.5
*8.1
60.0
72.1
26.5
78.6
197.*
26.6
3*0.5
1**.*
100.3
81.9
88.2
102.7
**.6
105.9
237.8
26.7
3*1.5
1*5.5
101.2
82.*
88.9
102.2
**.7
105.7
237.*
25.5
327.2
1*2.7
98.7
80.*
85.1
100.5
*1.5
102.1
226.3
_
37.7
7.6
55.3
*.6
16.7
1.3
*.7
60.6
37.3
7.6
5*.7
*.5
16.*
1.3
*.7
60.2
*.3
37.1
7.5
5*.8
*.3
16.6
1.2
*.5
59.9
99.0
1*5.5
19.9
38.6
15.0
19.7
175.5
23.O
_
97.6
98.9
1*6.* 1*0.9
19.0
19.7
38.6
39.1
1*.0
13.7
n?.5i 19.9
170.6
171.5
22.6
22.5
236.1
121.5
67.1
1*8.3
27.7
63.2
12.0
20.*
191.1
37.7
237.5
122.1
67.7
1*9.0
27.9
63.6
12.0
20.*
191.6
37.8
2*0,0
119.0
.66.2
1**.9
27.3
61.7
[12.0
20.0
182.1
36.0
80*.0
87.6
13.0
55.9
*8.9
358.9
23.6
38.1
16.8
8OO.9
87.9
13.1
53.8
50.9
362.9
2*.7
36.7
15.5
712.1
119.1
31.3
32*.0
106.5
66.7
383.3
3*.6
71.7
35.9
711.7
120.2
31--*
32*.6
106.5
67.0
38*. 3
3*.6
72.1
36.0
687.2
117.7
30.7
312.2
103.7
65.2
370.*
33.2
69.6
35.1
76.8
2*6.5
20.7
11.2
80.6
82.8
*1.0
93.*
12.6
76.5
2*5.9
21.*
11.5
82.5
81.6
*0.2
93.3
11.8
117.*
317.2
58.1
15,7
165.*
1*5.6
57.6
125*6
16.1
117.8
318.*
57.9
15.7
1».7
1*5.9
58.3
126.1
16.2
118.0
306.9
55.5
15.3
159.5
1*3.*
57.0
122.6
16.1
* .*
*06.6
2*.8
3.8
87.9
19.2
15.6
125.7
11.6
10.*
* .*
*06.9
2*.*
3.7
85.8
18.9
15.*
123.2
11.*
10.*
*.3
2*.6
90.5
6.9
2.0
28.0
26.9
10.8
3**7
2.1
2*.3
88.8
6.8
3.0
27.7
26.7
10.6
3*.2
2.1
\ J lot available.
2/ Mining ooabinad with oobstruction.
jJ Mining eoabinad with service.
1951
June
18.6
5*7
8.0
160.0
15.5
36.9
22.*
31.5
26.9
23.7'
32.2
28.9
Maryland . 2/............
Massachusetts..... ......
Service
1952
June 1 Mav
19.7
6.2
8.0
163.7
16.0
39.0
23.5
32.1
28.7
Delaware. ............. . ..
Illinois .*/............
1951
June
* .*
57.2
27.1
37.*
*67.5
52.6
(1/)
820.1
398.3
22.8
88.8
*.1
12.9
r 8*.2 !
18.7
56.2
51.0
15.3
120.8 . 363.*
n.i
23.9
38.2
9.7
16.8
*.2
2*.*
81.1
6.5
3.0
28.9
26.8
10.5
33.*
1.9
77.*
2*9.3
21.3
11.6
80.7
8*.0
*1.2
9**3
13.3
J\ J Kevieed series; not striLctly comparable with
pr#ri<xa»lj publish#* data.
j/ See footnote 5> table 7, for explanatory not#
on government.
35
A rea D ata
Table 9:
Employees in Nonagrieultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas
(In thousands)
Number
of
Employees
1952
May
Juno
Area
ALABAMA
Birmingham
Mining......
Manufacturing.
5.*
*1.0
Mobile
Manufacturing.
17.3
AEIZOKA
Phoenix
Total......... ......
Mining...............
Contract construction....
Manufacturing..........
Trans, and pub. util...
Trade...............
Finance..............
Service........... .
Government...... .
15.5
61.1
18.2
16.5
88.3
.2
7.8
1*.3
9.1
25.6
*.2
11.2
15.9
81.7
.1
7.5
11.*
9.2
23.*
3.7
10.8
15.6
Trans, and pub. util...
Trade............... ,
Finance.......... .
Service..............
Government............
*2.2
1.6
3.9
3.6
5.*
9.*
1.2
10.0
7.1
*2.1
1.6
3.9
3.5
5.2
9.5
1.2
10.1
7.1
36.5
1.6
2.8
2.2
5.3
8.1
1.2
6.9
6.*
AHKASSAS
Little Rock-W. Little
Bock
Total,............ .
Contract construction...*
Manufacturing........
Trans, and pub. util.....
Trade*.... ...... .....
Finance... ..........
Service l/...........
Government............
66.*
6.3
12.*
7.0
16.8
3.7
9.0
11.*
65.5
5.8
12.3
6.9
17*0
3.6
8.9
11.1
65.*
7.0
12.2
6.8
16.8
3.6
8.6
10.6
15.6
93.6
559*1
119.9
373.1
76,9
231.9
197.0
15.6
111.1
*96.8
115.5
372.7
76.2
222.8
195.8
CALIFORNIA
Log Angeleg
Total... ........ ....
Mining... ...........
Contract construction,...
M anufacturing................. .
Tran*. and pub. util...
Trade.,,.............
Finance...............
8ervice..............
Government........ .
Heefootnotes at end of table.
36
May
-1251Juno
Sacramento
Manufacturing.........
10.6
10.*
10.0
San Diego
Manufacturing.........
51.0
*9.6
38.6
San Francisco-Oakland
Manufacturing.........
169.6
173.1
17*.*
San Jose
Manufacturing.........
21.6
21.5
20.6
12.5
11.5
Stockton
Manufactui ing.........
COLORADO
Denver
Mining..............
Contract construction...,
Manufacturing.... ....
Trans, and pub. util...
Trade................
Finance.*.... ....... .
1.3
18.5
*2.7
27.6
62.1
11.8
1.3
1Y.6
*2.7
26.7
61.2
11.*
1.1
18.6
*2.3
26.2
60.2
10.9
COHMBCTICUT
Bridgeport
Total.......
Contract construction l/,
Manufacturing.........
Trans, and pub. util...
Trade...........
Finance......... ....
Service........ .
Government....... ......
119.1
5.8
69.*
5.*
19.1
.1
10.2
7.1
118.9
5,5
C9.1
5.3
18.9
2.1
10.2
7.1
11*.5
5.8
67.1
5.0
17.2
2.3
9.6
7.5
Hartford
Total....... .
193.*
Contract .^instruction l/,
10.3
Manufacxuring.........,
77.1
Trans. aad pub. util....,
7.7
Trad*........ .
37.6
Finance
2*.6
Service..................
20.0
Government
16.2
196.7
10.0
81.2
7.6
37.6
2*.2
19.9
16.0
188.8
8.8
77.1
7.1
36.3
23.8
19.5
16.1
*0.6
1.0
28.0
*1.7
1.0
29.2
1.*
*.9
.5
2.5
2.2
*.?
1670.0
15.9
93.9
561.2
119.*
372.7
76.9
233.2
196.8
o f Fjr.plo y e e s
19^2
June
15.7
58.2
88.1
.2
7.7
1*,2
9.*
25.6
*.2
11.0
15.8
Tucson
Total............
Mining............ .
Contract construction....
Number
Area
1951
June
Btev B r ita in
Contract construction l/»
i
|
j
1-..
S e rv ic e .......... ...................
'
*0.3
1.0
27.5
1.7
*.9
.5
2.5
2.2
1
.5
2.*
2.5
Area D ata
Table 9:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division.
Selected Areas - Continued
(In thousands)
Number of Employees
Number of Employees
Area
1952
June
CONNECTICUT - Continued
How Karen
Total..... ... ...... ,
Contract construction l/
Manufacturing........
Trana, a M pub. util.
Trade..............
Finance............. .
Service........... .
Government..... ..... .
115.3
5.9
**.2
12.9
21.6
5 .*
18.0
7 .*
| May
11*. 7
5*7
* * .*
12.7
21.*
5.3
17.9
7.3
1951
June
115.5
5.8
*5.0
13.2
21.0
5.0
18.0
7.5
Stanford
Total,...............
Contract construction l/,
Manufacturing........ .
Tran®, and pub. util.....
Trade............... .
Finance............. .
Service............. ,
Government ...•••.•.....
*8.5
3.9
22.1
2.6
8.7
1.*
6 .*
3.3
*6.9
2.8
22.0
2.6
8.6
1.*
6.3
3.3
*6.2
3.*
21.*
2 .*
8.3
1.3
6.1
3.3
Vaterbury
Total................
Contract construction l/,
Manufacturing.........
Trans, aad pub. util...
Trade....... ........
Finance.............
Service..............
Government...........
68.2
2.5
**.3
2.6
8.9
1.2
*.2
*.6
68.0
2 .*
**.2
2.6
8.9
1.1
*.2
*.6
66.8
2 .*
*3.9
2.5
8.7
1.0
*.0
*.3
DISTRICT OF COLOMBIA
Washington
Total...............
Contract construction.,,.
Manufacturing.........
Trana. and pub. util...
Trade...............
Finance..............
Service 1/...........
Government...............
FLORIDA
Jacksonville
ManufacturIng.........
Trans, and pub. util.....
Trade...............
Finance..............
Service \J...........
Government...........
Miami
Manufacturing.........
Trans, and pub. util...
626.5
*1.5
27.2
**.3
12*. 1
31.3
75.7
282.*
18.2
1*.8
31.5
6.0
11.9
15.*
16.0
23.8
622.3
*0.0
26.9
*3.3
122.6
6l8.2
39.1
26.0
75.8
282.7
*2.9
121.6
29.2
77.3
282.1
18.0
1*.6
31.6
6.0
11.8
15.*
18.0
1*.9
30.*
5.9
11.7
15.0
31.0
16.3
23.6
Area
13.8
21.9
1951.
19*52
JEUB&-
M«r
Miami - Continued
Trade............ .
Finance... ....... .
Service 1/...... .
Government........ ,
50.*
8.9
33.0
17.*
51.1
8.8
32.9
17.*
*7.3
8.1
28.5
16.6
Tampa-St. Petersburg
Total............ ,
Contract construction,
Manufacturing.......
Trane, and pub. util.,
Trade..... ....... .
Finance.......... .
Service l/........ ,
Government........ .
108.6
11.0
20.*
10.8
3*.5
* .*
1*.3
13.*
109.8
106.7
12.2
276.1
275.7
70.9
31.7
75.2
17.9
32.*
31.*
72.5
271.6
20.0
65.1
7*. 8
17.7
32.3
31.2
7 *.*
16.5
33.3
31.5
*9.2
*.1
1*.6
7 .*
11.*
1.6
5.5
*.6
*8.1
3.7
1*.6
7.2
11.0
1.6
5 .*
*.6
*5.9
2.8
19.8
1.8
1.5
2.6
5.9
1.2
3.1
3.7
19.2
1.6
1 .*
2.5
5.9
1.2
3.1
3.5
(2 /)
2.5
1.5
2.5
6.2
1.2
3.0
(?/ )
*2.9
*3.2
*3.6
GEORGIA
Atlanta
Total............ ,
Contract construction,
Manufacturing......,
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade............ .
Finance.......... .
Service 1/........ .
Government........ .
Savannah
Total... ..........
Contract construction.
Manufacturing...... ,
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade............ .
Finance.......... .
Service l/........ .
Governmsnt..........
IDAHO
Boise
Total...... .....
Contract construction
Manufacturing,.......
Trans. ami
util.,
Trade............
Finance.......... .
Service...........
Government........
ILLINOIS
Davenport -Bock Island"
Moline
Manufacturing.......
16.6
10.8
20.7
11.0
35.2
*.5
1*.5
13.3
16.0
31.2
19.8
10.3
33.*
* .*
13.6
13.1
30.8
13.6
7.9
10.3
1 .*
5 .*
*.5
See footnotes at end of table.
37
A rea D ata
Table 9:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(In thousands)
Number
Area
Ig l
June
ILLINOIS - Continued
Peoria
Manufacturing....
Number of Employees
of Employees
19g
Area
June
-1932
June
Fort Wayne
Total...............
Nonmanufacturing......
Indianapolis
Total................
Contract construction....
Manufacturing.........
Other nonmanufacturing...
ICWA
Da8 Moines
Manufacturing.........
KANSAS
Topeka
Total...............
Contract construction....
Manufacturing.........
Trans, and pub. util...
Trade........... ....
Finance....... ......
Wichita
Total...............
Contract construction....
18.7
1.5
17.7
1.5
Hew Orleans
Manufacturing
50.*
* 8.5
*8.6
28.1
1.0
28.8
1.1
1.2
5.0
.6
3.6
1.1
27.7
.9
15.*
1.1
5.1
.6
3.5
1.1
*9.2
2.5
13.1
6.0
13.7
3.0
7.5
3.*
*8.2
2.8
12.0
5.9
13.7
2.9
7.5
3.*
*8.9
2.8
12.*
5.9
1*.0
2.8
7.6
3.*
MARYLAND
Baltimore
Total........ .
Mining..........
Contract construction.
Manufacturing.......
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade.............
Finance...........
Service...........
Government.........
509.5
.*
*2.1
17*. 1
53.1
101.6
25.5
55.7
57.0
529.3
.*
39.7
193.7
55.9
100.8
520.0
56.5
57.1
.6
37.6
192.*
53.1
101.5
2*. 3
5*.9
55.6
MASSACHUSETTS
Boston
Manufacturing......
306.0
300.6
303.1
Fall River
Manufacturing......
26.*
26.7
30.5
23.2
Nev Bedford
Manufacturing......
30.5
30.7
36.2
3.8
10.1
7.2
SprlngfleId-Holyoke
Manufacturing......
7*.3
75.5
76.1
*7.8
*8.0
*0.9
* 0 .*
* 0 .*
66.8
66.2
36.5
30.3
35.9
30.3
78.6
* 0.0
38.7
79.*
* 1.0
38.*
79.7
* 2.1
37.5
271.9
269.2
27*. 3
11.7
108.8
10.5
110.0
26.8
61.*
25.5
60.5
Government...........
See footnotes at end of table.
38
63.0
31.6
31.*
16.0
112.6
25.3
60.5
1*.5
* 8.7
1*.2
* 8.5
1*.0
*5.8
20.9
21.3
21.2
**.0
.2
3.1
5.6
7.9
9.*
2.0
*.7
11.3
*3.2
.2
2.8
5.6
7.8
9.1
2.0
*.7
11.2
*3.2
.2
2.9
6.9
7.*
9..0
1.9
*.5
10.5
11*. 6
2.0
5.3
5*.5
7.1
11*.*
2.0
5.6
5*. 3
7.0
23.3
3.9
102.3
2.1
5.*
*3.8
6.8
*.0
10.6
7.7
10.6
7.6
June
18.7
1.5
*8.1
23.6
J 32L.
[LOUISIANA
Baton Rouge
Manufacturing
Finance....
Bockford
INDIANA
Evansville
Total...............
Manufacturing.........
Nonmanufacturing......
May
MAINE
Lev1ston
Total............
Contract construction
Manufacturing......
Trans, and pub. util.
Trade............
Finance..........
Service 1/........
Government........
Portland
Total............ .
Contract construction,
Manufacturing.......
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade............ ,
Finance...........,
Service l/........ .
Government........ .
15.6
25.2
16.1
1.2
5.2
.6
3.6
1.0
Area Data
Table 9:
Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(In thousands)
Number
Area
June
MASSACHUSETTS - Continued
Worcester
ManufacturIng........
MICHIGAN
Detroit
Manufacturing........
MINNESOTA
Duluth
Total........ ......
Contract construction...
Manufacturing...........
Trans, and pub. util....
Trade...............
Finance.............
Serrice l/..........
Government...................
Total... ..... ......
Contract construction...,
Manufacturing.......
Trade...............
Finance..............
Service 1/...........
Government..........
St. Paul
Total....... ....... .
Contract construction....
Manufacturing.........
Trans, and ptft>. util.....
Finance...... .
MISSISSIPPI
Jackson
Manufacturing.-........
MISSOURI
Kansas City
Total.......... .....
Mining.......
Contract construction....
Number of Employees
of E m p l o y e e s
1952
Area
May
St. Louis
Manufacturing.
53.3
55.3
( 2/)
623.3
676.3
35.1
1.7
6 .*
6.0
10.1
1.*
39.8
1-7
9.7
7 .*
10.2
1.*
5.5
3.9
*1.6
2.1
11.3
7.1
10.3
1.*
5.3
*.1
53.6
5.5
3.9
259.3
13.9
7*.2
26.3
75.0
17.1
257.*
13.5
73.7
25.6
7*.7
17.0
16.5
28.5
28.8
2*.0
1**.0
7.0
*0.9
20.9
3*.2
8.9
1*2.9
6.6
* 0.*
21.0
3*.*
8.7
15.5
1**.7
7.7
*1.7
20.6
3*.9
8.6
16.3
15.0
16.2
8.0
7.9
2 *.*
15.6
16.5
35*.5
.5
18.5
107.1
*3.2
97.0
19.6
38.6
30.0
355.2
.7
17.9
107.*
*3 .*
97.3
19.7
38.8
30.0
35* .2
.7
25.7
98.9
*3.7
97.6
20.0
38.*
29.2
June
275.*
276.3
2.9
2.8
2.6
5 .*
3.0
2.8
2.7
5.6
3.2
NEBRASKA
Oaaha
Total............ .
Contract construction
Manufacturing......
Trans, and pub. util.
Trade............
Finance..........
Serrice 1/........
Government........
139.*
8.7
29.7
23.*
35.5
10.3
17.8
1*.3
139.3
7.8
31.5
23.O
35.1
10.1
139.9
7 .*
31.1
23.3
36.7
10.1
17.5
1*.0
NEVADA
Reno
Contract construction
Manufacturing 1/...
Trans, and pub. util.
Trade....... .....
Finance..........
Service.... .
(2/)
(I/ )
(£/>
(2 /)
(2/)
(2 /)
MOWTAHA
Great Falls
Manufacturing.......
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade............ .
Service 3/ .................. .
2.7
5 .*
3.1
17.6
1*.3
1.6
1.8
3.0
5.*
.6
5.3
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Manchester
39.9
1.*
20.2
2 .*
7.3
1.7
*.3
2.6
39.8
1.*
20.1
2 .*
7.2
1.7
*.3
2.6
*0.7
1.8
21.0
2.3
7.3
1.6
*.2
2.6
MAV JERSET
Newark-Jersey City */
Manufacturing......
359.*
358.5
363.6
Paterson */
Manufacturing......
167.3
163.9
163.*
Perth Aaboy */
Manufacturing....
75.3
75-3
77.6
Trenton
Manufacturing.......
* 2.1
* 3.5
*5.3
Contract construction....
Trans, and pub. util...
Governmsnt..... ......
8.1
I May
277.6
260.2
72.7
26.3
76.1
16.9
28.*
23.*
1951
J2 2 2
June
June
See footnotes at end of table.
39
Area Data
Table 9: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(in thousands)
Number of Baployees
Area
June
W W MEXICO
Albuquerque
Total........ .......
Contract construction..
Manufacturing........
Trans, and pub. util...
Trade................
Finance..............
Service l/........ .
Government............
n r YORK
A lbany-8chenectady-Trpy
Manufacturing........
Blnghanton
Manufacturing.
*.6
7.6
*.9
12.2
2 .*
May
1S51-.
Jane
*7.0
*.5
*7.6
6.0
7.5
6.7
*.8
12.1
2.3
6 .*
9 .*
*.9
12.1
2 .*
87.5
88.2
86.6
39.3
39.1
39.1
6.5
9.2
6.3
9.2
Buffalo
Manufacturing.
185.5
201.6
203.1
Slalra
Manufacturing.
16.2
16.2
17.2
Nassau and
Suffolk Counties */
Manufacturing......
82.1
80.9
6*.9
lev York-Northeastern
Nev Jersey
Manufacturing......
1708.0
1709.7
1689.7
3570.9
1.7
3565.
1.
100.
973.
3*0.
830.
339.
561.
*17«
35*8.7
1.8
121.*
962.7
339.*
837.1
333.1
550.2
* 03.0
New York City */
Total...............
Mining..............
Contract construction.
Manufacturing.......
Trans, and pub. util..
Trade............ .
Finance.............
Service.............
Government..........
105.6
971.5
3*1.0
831.8
338.6
562.5
*18.1
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City
Total.............. ,
Mining..............
Contract construction.
Manufacturing!.......
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade.............. .
Finance............ .
Service.............
Oovernaent..........
Tulsa
Total........ ......
Mining............. .
Contract construction,
Manufacturing...... ,
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade.............. .
Finance..........
Service..... ...... .
Oovernaent......... .
OREGON
Portland
Contract construction,
Manufacturing...... .
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade.............. .
m
10.6
22.3
2.2
2.3
7.2
1.2
2.7
2.6
2.1
2.3
7.0
1.1
2.7
2.6
2.0
2.3
7.1
1.2
2.8
2.5
135.8
6.0
11.1
13*. 3
5.9
11.0
15.1
11.6
35.7
6.5
15.7
32.8
130.5
5.8
10.7
1*.7
11.2
35.*
6.9
1*.7
31.1
101.7
9.1
6.3
2*.9
12.*
26.3
*.7
12.*
5.7
98.2
9-7
6.8
21.6
11.8
25.9
*.6
12.2
5.7
23.6
15.0
11.8
35.8
6.5
15.9
33.7
102.5
9.1
6 .*
25.O
12.6
26.5
*.8
12.5
5.7
*.5
60.1
* 5.8
PENNSYLVANIA
Allentcnra-BethlehemEaston
Manufacturing...... .
82.0
100.9
103.3
*7.2
Irie
Manufacturing...... .
*3.5
*6 .*
*9.9
106.1
107.0
Syracuse
Manufacturing.
57.*
59.7
60.*
Utlca-Bons
Manufacturing.
* 2.2
* 3 .*
Westchester County */
Manufacturing......
*3 .*
*7.3
NORTH DAKOTA
Fargo
Manufacturing...... .
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade.............. .
Finance....... .
Service............ .
Oovernaent......... .
*.8
(2/)
21.*
11.0
23.*
*.7
(2/)
21.7
11.0
1*.3
59.7
29.9
59.1
108.0
hP
NORTH CAROLINA
Charlotte
Contract construction,
Manufacturing...... .
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade.............. .
Finance...... ...... .
Nuiiber of Beployees
1951.
2 3 ^ L
«Tui»
JfcX- Jm »
1 *.*
63.7
31.0
Rochester
Manufacturing.
See footnotes at end of table.
Area
15.5
63. I
31.*
60.1
Area D ata
lable 9: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(In thousands)
Area
Number of Employees
Area
----1555----- r w
June
* * 7
June
FSraSIl^AHIA - Continued
Harrisburg
Manufacturing.......
30.3
35.*
3*.2
Lancaster
Manufacturing.......
*2.5
*2.6
*3.8
Philadelphia
Manufacturing........
582.5
571.5
582.5
Pittsburgh
Mining.............
Manufacturing.......
Trans, and pub. util...
21.6
300.0
Fin an ce..........................
73.8
29.1
Reading
Manufacturing.......
*9.9
31.*
363.6
75.2
32.9
376.7
75.9
28.*
27.6
50.6
55.5
Scranton
Manufacturing..........
28.9
28.8
29.3
Wilkes-Barre— Ha*Iston
ManufacturIng..........
37.7
38.6
37.2
*3.0
**.1
**.9
York
KHOBd ISIAXD
Providence
Total...............
Contract construction....
Manufacturing.........
Trans, and pub. util.....
Trade...............
Finance..............
Service 1/...........
Government...........
292.1
17.1
1*5.1
15.0
50.9
11.5
22.2
30.3
289.5
16.8
1*3.9
l*.9
50.3
11.3
22.U
30.3
301.0
1*.*
157.5
1*.9
51.7
11.0
22.8
28.7
800TH CABOUKA
Charleston
Contract construction....
Manufacturing..........
Trans, and pub. util...
Trade........ .......
Finance..............
2.8
8.9
*.*
10.7
1.*
2.5
9.0
*.3
10.5
1.5
3.2
8.8
*.9
10.5
1.*
7.9
7.8
8.1
28.3
28.2
Columbia
Manufacturing.......
Greenville
Manufacturing... .....
SOOTH DAKOTA
Sioux Falls
Manufacturing
Trade......
Finance....
Service 2/**.
Number of Baployees
1952
1991
June
June
_52JI
5.2
7.1
1.3
6.7
5.2
7.1
1.2
6.7
5.*
7.2
1.2
6.7
Chattanooga
Mining..............
Manufacturing........
Trans, aad pob. util.
Trade............. .
Finance........... .
8ervioe.......... 4i
Omrsm i n t ........ .
.2
*2.7
*.8
16.8
3.0
9.7
7.9
.2
*1.9
*.8
17.5
3.0
9.7
7.8
.2
*2.0
*.9
17.0
2.8
9.6
7.8
Knoxville
Mining............
Manufacturing...... .
Trans, and pub. util,
Trade............. .
Finance...........
Serrioe.......... .
OoteiUMent........ .
2.7
*2.9
7.1
21.*
3.6
9.7
12.7
2.7
*2.7
7.2
21.7
3.*
9.5
12.8
2.7
*0.3
7.0
21.2
3.7
9.*
12.9
Memphis
Mining............
Manufacturing......
Trans, and pub. util
Trade.............
Finance............
Service........... .
government........
.*
*0.9
15.*
*8.2
8.1
22.5
21.2
.*
*0.7
15.5
*8.1
7.9
22.5
21.1
.*
*1.7
15.2
*6.8
7.5
22.6
19.3
gaahvllle
Manufacturing......
Trans, and pob. util,
Trade.............
Finance.............
Service........... .
Qoremment......... .
32.7
12.1
23.8
6.6
1*.0
13.5
32.1
12.0
23.8
6.3
1*.0
13.5
35.0
11.*
23.8
6.1
13.8
13.1
6.*
7.7
1*.9
7.8
28.8
5.2
13.6
6.3
7.0
13.7
7.8
28.3
5.2
13.1
6.1
8.1
l*.7
7.2
28.7
*.9
13.2
UTAH
Salt Lake City 6/
Mining........... ..
Contract construction..
Manufacturing........
Trans, and pob. util 7/
Trade...... .....t..
Finance.......... .
Service... .......
See footnotes at eai of table.
*1
Area D ata
Table 9: Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments by Industry Division,
Selected Areas - Continued
(ir* thousands)
Number
Area
June
VERMOJT
Burlington
Total..............
ManufacturIng.......
Trans, and pub. util...
Trade..........
Service..... .......
Other nonaaxxufacturlng.
Spr'_ngfield
Total...............
Trans. and pub. util...
Trade.......... .....
Other nonnanufacturing...
WASHINGTON
Seattle
Total...............
Contract construction....
Trans, and pub. util...
May
1951
June
67.2
*.0
16.7
6.3
14.1
2.5
6.4
17.2
73.3
4.6
19.0
6.5
14.9
2.4
7.4
18.5
(2/)
(2/)
(2/)
(2/)
(2/)
(2/)
( I/ )
(2/)
(2/)
95.1
20.0
3.5
27.7
9.1
98.2
21.3
4.2
28.6
9.1
2.9
7.1
8.9
2.7
7.1
8.8
5.4
VISCCWSIW
Milwaukee
Manufacturing.......
199.7
197.*
198.1
10.9
18.4
Racine
Manufacturing........
2*.8
24.5
25.0
10.4
7.8
.2
.9
.5
1.0
10.3
7.7
.2
.9
.5
1.0
9.8
7.1
.2
.9
.5
1.0
18.3
266.7
13.4
71.7
27.7
67.5
14.8
33.9
37.7
269.2
13.8
71.8
27.8
68.0
14.8
34.6
38.4
66.0
3.9
12.9
68.3
10.7
18.2
1/ Includes Mining.
2/ Hot available.
3/ Includes Mining «
%] Subareas of lev York-Mortheafetern lev Jersey.
5/ Includes transportation and public utilities,
13.8
Tacoaa
Total............
Contract construction
Manufacturing......
Trans. and pub. util.,
Trade............
Finance.......... ,
Service l/........ .
Government........ .
WEST VIRGINIA
Charleston
Total............ .
Mining........... .
Contract construction,
Manufacturing....
Trans, and pub. util.,
Trade...............
Finance...........
Service............ .
Government............
and government.
6/ Revised series; not strictly comparable vith previously published data.
7/ Excludes interstate railroads.
U2
1951
June
68.1
4.1
17.1
6.3
14.3
2.5
6.6
6.0
1.2
4.2
2.1
3.3
Spokane
Contract construction....
Manufacturing.........
Spokane - C o n t i n u e d
Finance..........
Service if........
Government......
May
2.9
9.6
7.5
16.8
67.9
4.2
14.3
10.7
1952
June
2.9
9.7
7.7
15.9
5 .*
1.1
*.3
2.0
3-1
68.4
14.8
34.5
37.9
Area
2.9
9.7
7.8
16.3
5 .*
1.1
4.4
2.1
3.3
268.0
13.7
71.2
27.5
Number of Employees
of E m p loyees
1952
17.2
16.1
16.6
W om en in Ind ustry
Table 10: Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of Total Employment
in Manufacturing Industries
March 1952
Number
March 1951
December 1951
Per
Number
cent
(thousand*)
Per
Number
cept
Per
cent
(thousands)
(thousands)
*,123.7
26
*,130.*
26
*,203.1
26
NONDURABLE GOODS....................
1,580.7
2,5*3.0
17
37
1,566.7
2,563.7
17
37
1,5*7.0
2,656.1
17
38
ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES..........
20.7
28
18.*
28
7.9
22
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS..........
339.0
2*
365.8
2*
352.9
2*
63.6
28.*
*6.7
21.7
69.2
3.1
21
21
36
17
2*
12
67.6
28.5
58.0
21.1
71.2
3.8
22
21
*0
16
25
9
61.*
28.8
56.8
20.9
71.6
3.3
21
21
38
16
25
11
*9.6
20.3
36.*
53
10
2b
56.6
22.9
36.1
55
11
27
51.9
20.9
31.3
53
10
27
51.*
60
56.1
61
51.*
61
11.6
32.7
5.1
2.0
**
78
*3
38
12.2
32.8
5.1
6.0
*5
78
*3
53
11.*
32.7
5.3
2.0
**
78
**
*2
520.1
*3
532.1
*3
571.7
*3
72.8
215.2
152.8
19.9
*6
39
67
22
7*.3
227.7
152.5
20.0
*6
39
66
23
81.1
235.1
169.8
21.7
*7
39
66
23
12.7
*6.7
2*
36
12.1
*5.5
2*
36
15.1
*8.9
25
36
PRODUCTS......................... .
89**3
76
878.*
76
936.0
76
Men's and boys' suits and coats,••
Men's and boys' furnishings and
85.8
61
8*.l
62
96.6
62
215.8
26*.9
8*
77
213.8
25*.6
8*
77
237.9
260.6
8*
77
90.5
18.9
60.2
88
73
86
88.2
l*.5
5*.6
88
69
85
95.2
17.8
58.*
88
70
86
63.9
72
71.2
72
69.*
72
9*.3
65
97.*
65
MANUFACTURING......................................
DURABLE
GOODS.......................
Confectionery and related
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES...............
TEXTlLE-MILL PRODUCTS..............
Carpets, rugs, other floor
Other textile—Bill products*......
APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE
Women's, children's under
Fur goods and miscellaneous
Other fabricated textile
1
1
1
65
W om en in Industry
Table 10: Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of Total Employment
in Manufacturing Industries - Continued
December 1951
March 1952
Industry group and industry
Number
Per
cent
(thousands}
Number
March 195.1
Per
cent
(thousands)
Number
Per
cent
{thousands)
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
51.8
7
52.3
7
56.6
7
1.2
17.2
2
*
1.3
17.*
2
*
1.1
19.7
2
*
8.2
13.3
11.9
8
18
20
$.7
13.5
11.*
8
17
19
9-3
13.8
12.7
8
17
20
6l.l
18
60.2
18
63.7
17
*1 .*
19.7
17
1L
*0.9
19.3
17
18
*3.7
20.0
17
18
PAPfcft AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.............
108.5
23
111.8
23
119.5
2*
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills*•••
26.5
39.*
*2.6
11
31
39
26.8
*1.6
*3.*
11
32
*0
27.1
*6.0
H6.h
I1
33
*0
209.1
27
216.?
28
206.3
27
5*.6
20.*
23.2
53.2
11.5
*6.2
18
38
*5
26
29
*2
5*.8
21.3
23.I
55.5
12.5
*9.0
18
38
*5
27
30
*3
53.2
18.*
21.5
5*.2
11.8
*7.2
18
35
**
26
29
*2
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.........
1*3.2
19
139.6
18
138.8
19
Vegetable and animal oils and fats.••
7.8
3*.3
*7.0
1.1
2.1
3.9
9
15
*3
15
5
T
7.5
35.1
*5.8
10.6
1.8
3.7
9
15
*2
1*
6
6
6.6
3*.*
**.*
10.6
1.9
3.3
8
16
*2
1*
*
6
37.1
22
35.1
21
37.6
22
15.5
6
1*.6
5
12.9
5
12.6
.*
6
2
11.8
.*
5
2
10.2
.*
5
2
2.5
9
2 .*
9
2.3
8
FURNITURE)...........................
Mxllwork, plywood, and prefabricated
FURNITURE AND FIXTURES................
PRINTING, PUBLISHIN6, AND ALLIED
INDUSTRIES............................
Other chemicals and allied
PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.......
Other petroleum and coal
lib
W om en in Industry
Table 10: Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of Total Employment
in Manufacturing Industries - Continued
March 1952
Industry group and industry
Number
December 1951
Per
cent
LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS........
STONE, *CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS.....
Per
cent
(thousands)
(thousands)
RUBBER PRODUCTS......................
Number
March 1951
Number
Per
cent
(thousands)
73.7
27
75.2
1 28
76.0
28
21.3
lk.9
37-5
18
50
31
21.8
15.8
18
19-8
18
37.6
51
31
15.*
1*0.8
50
32
188.2
*9
173.9
1*8
l&.k
1*8
5.6
13^.1
HQ. 5
13
55
52
5.3
121.9
h6.J
12
6.3
137.6
50.5
12
53
52
88.7
17
89.8
17
96.7
18
35-3
25
3
3^.6
21*
38.6
1.1
8.6
22. 1*
26
1.1
8.5
19.8
10
37
1.1
8.8
20.3
37
3
10
53
51
3
10
37
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster
^•5
19.5
5
18
l*.8
20.2
5
Other stone, clay, glass products...
18
*.5
21-5
5
19
PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES.............
80.3
6
78.7
6
7^.0
6
Blast furnaces, steel works, and
rolling mills......................
Iron and steel foundries.
Primary smelting and refining of
25.0
i*
13.1
5
23.7
12.3
k
k
21.2
11.8
3
l*
1.4
3
1 . 1*
3
1.5
3
12
12.k
12
13
1*.3
Rolling, drawing, said alloying of
11.8
12
1^.3
Ik.7
13
10
11.8
1^.8
111-.7
10
12.6
13
9
185.9
19
I 85.O
19
197.1
19
12.3
27
12. k
27
13.2
27
1*1.7
28
1*1.8
28
1*6•8
28
18.7
13
19.1
13
21.8
13
17.8
7
18.3
8
U .9
7
37.3
58.1
22
36.2
22
57.2
211-
1*2.9
57.5
22
25
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT
ORDNANCE, MACHINERY, AND
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT)...........
Cutlery, hand tools, and
Heating apparatus (except
electric) and plumbers' supplies...
Fabricated structural metal
Metal stamping, coating, and
25
kS
W om en in Industry
Table 10: Number of Women Employees and Women as a Percent of Total Employment
in Manufacturing Industries - Continued
- 11■
.. .............
"■ "
March 1952
Industry group and industry
Number
Deceniber 1951
Per
cent
( thousands)
( thousands)
MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)............
Number
March 1951
Per
cent
Number
Per
cent
( thousands)
233.9
1*
235-1
1*
218.5
1*
13.0
13
13.0
13
10.7
13
19.2
10
8
10
18.1
8
13
9.9
37.0
9
9
13
A g ricu ltu ral machinery and
Construction and mining machinery.••
10.5
*1.3
13
19.0
10.5
* 1.3
21.0
33.2
11
1*
33.6
11
1*
20.5
31.2
11
1*
30.6
28
30.5
28
28.0
27
26.5
38.6
15
19
26.0
39.6
16
26.3
19
36.8
1*
19
365.7
38
362,6
38
361.7
38
109.0
25.*
183.3
29
31
50
108.3
25.9
178.6
29
31
*9
103.8
2*.6
178.5
29
31
51
*8.0
35
* 9.8
35
5*.8
36
201.7
13
196.7
13
16* .*
11
82.6
108.*
11
19
83.3
102.9
11
19
60.0
95.*
10
15
*.3
*.9
*.0
*.8
3
6
1.7
15
3.1
3.8
2.1
3
6
1.5
3
6
1*
16
111.5
35
109.3
35
102.*
35
12.0
12.1
*3
30
55
11.9
18.9
19.3
17.2
19.9
*3
30
55
18.*
*3
30
5*
60.0
31
59.0
31
5*.9
32
179.*
39
178.6
39
20*.0
*0
17.7
30.6
27.9
39
**
52
18.0
30.2
27.1
39
*6
51
22.8
35.*
35.3
*0
*5
55
103.2
35
103.3
35
110.5
36
Special-industry machinery (except
21.6
O ffice and store machines and
Service-industry and household
ELECTRICAL MACHINERY............................
E le c tr ic a l generating, transmis
sion, d istrib u tio n , and indusE le c tric a l equipment for v e h ic le s ...
E le c tric a l appliances, lamps, and
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT.....................
Ship and boat building and
INSTRUMENTS ANO RELATED PRODUCTS ,, ,
19.6
Professional and s c ie n tific
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES............................................
Jew elry, silverw are, and plated
Costume jew elry, buttons, n o tio n s...
Other miscellaneous manufacturing
in d u stries....... ................
U6
Explanatory Notes
Section A.
Purpose and Scope of the BLS Employment Statistics Program -
Employment statistics for nanfarm industries presented in this
monthly Report are part of the broad program of the Bureau of Labor
Statistics to provide timely, comprehensive, accurate and detailed infor
mation for the use of businessman, government officials, legislators,
labor unions, research vorkers and the general public* Current employment
statistics furnish a basic indicator of changes in economic activity in
various sectors of the economy and are widely used in following business
developments and in making decisions in fields of marketing, personnel,
plant location and government policy. The BLS employment statistics pro
gram, providing data used in making official indexes of production,
productivity and national Income, forms an important part of the Federal
statistical system.
The BLS publishes monthly the national total of employees In
nonagrieultural establishments, giving totals by 8 major industrial
groups: manufacturing, mining, contract construction, transportation and
public utilities, trade, finance, service, and government. Series on "all
employees" and "production and related workers" are presented for the du
rable goods and nondurable goods subdivisions of manufacturing, 21 major
industry groups in manufacturing, over 100 separate manufacturing indus
tries; all employees and production workers are presented also for
selected mining industries. "All employees" only are published for over
40 industry groups in contract construction, transportation and public
utilities, trade, finance, service, and government. Statistics on the
number and proportion of women employees in manufacturing industries are
published quarterly. In addition, the Bureau of Labor Statistics pub
lishes monthly employment data by Industry division for State and local
areas, compiled by cooperating State agencies.
Current national, state, and area statistics are published
monthly in the Employment and Payrolls Report. Employment data for
thirteen months are presented in the Current Statistics Section of each
issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Historical data are also presented in
the BLS Handbook of Labor Statistics (1950 edition). Summary tables
showing national data for prior months and years may be obtained by
writing to the Bl£ Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics.
Similar information is available for States and areas. A detailed expla
nation of the technique of proparing employment statistics is presented in
the Monthly Labor Review, January 1950 and in Bl£ Bulletin Ho. 993>
Techniques of Preparing Major BLS Statistical Series.
U7
Section B. Definition of Employment BLS employment statistics represent the number of persons
employed in establishments in nonagricultural industries in the continen
tal. United States during a specified payroll period. Employment data for
nongovernmental establishments refer to persons who worked during, or re
ceived pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the
month. Current data for Federal government establishments generally refer
to persons who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the last
pay period of the previous month; for state and local government, persons
•who received pay for any part of the pay period ending on, or immediately
prior tOj the last day of the current month.
Employed persons include those who are working full- or parttime, on a temporary or permanent basis. Persons on establishment
payrolls who are on paid sick-leave, paid holiday or paid vacation, or who
work during a part of a specified pay period and are unemployed or on
strike during the other part of the period are considered employed.
Persons on the payroll of more than one establishment during the pay
period are counted each time reported. On the other hand, persons who axe
laid off or are on leave without pay, who are on strike for the entire pay
period, or who are hired but do not report to work during the pay period
are not considered employed. Slnoe proprietors, self-employed persons,
and unpaid family workers do not have the status of "employee", they are
not covered by BLS reports. Persons working as farm workers or as domes
tic workers in households are not within the scope of data for nonagricul
tured. establishments. Government employment statistics refer to civilian
employees only and hence exclude members of the Armed Forces.
Section C. Method of Preparing Employment Series The BLS prepares monthly employment figures from statistical
reports voluntarily furnished by a group of establishments and from indus
try benchmark data, i.e. a complete count of employees generally compiled
from establishment reports required in the administration of the unemploy
ment insurance and old age and survivors Insurance programs. Based on
establishment reports, employment statistics are prepared for numerous in
dustry classifications. Monthly employment data for each industry are
collected and prepared from these sources according to the methods out
lined In the following sections.
Section D., Collection of Establishment Reports The BLS, with the cooperation of State agencies, collects
current employment Information for most Industries by means of question
naires (BUS 790 Forms) mailed monthly to Individual establishments. State
agencies mall most of the forms and when returned, examine them for
1»8
Section D. Collection of Establishment Reports (Continued) consistency, accuracy and completeness. States use the Information to
prepare State and area series and send the schedules to the BLS Division
of Manpower and Employment Statistics for use in preparing the national
series. Each questionnaire provides space for reporting data for December
of the previous year and each month of the calendar year; the same form is
returned each month to the reporting establishment to be completed.
Definitions of terms are described In detail in the Instructions on each
form. This type of "shuttle" schedule is designed to assist firms to re
port consistently, accurately and with a minimum of cost. An
establishment is defined as a single physical location, such as a factory,
mine, or store where business is conducted. In the case of a company with
several plants or establishment*- the BLS endeavors to obtain separate re
ports from each business unit wjuich maintains separate payroll records
since each may be classified in a different industry.
Section E.
Coverage of Establishment Reports -
The Bureau of Labor Statistics obtains monthly reports from
approximately 150,000 establishments, distributed by industry as shown by
the table below. The table also shows the approximate proportion of total
employment in each industry division covered by the group of establish
ments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual
industries within the divisions may vary from the proportions shown.
APPROXIMATE SIZE AKD COVERAGE OF MONTHLY SAMPLE
USED IN BIS EMPLOYMENT AMD PAYROLL STATISTICS
Division or industry
Mining
Contract construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities:
Interstate railroads (ICC)
Other transportation and public
utilities (BLS)
Trade
Finance
Service:
Hotels
Laundries and cleaning and
dyeing plants
Government:
Federal (Civil Service Commission.)
State and local (Bureau of Census quarterly)
Employees
:
Number
:
of
Number in ::Percent
establishments
san^le ::of total
502,000
776,000
10,660,000
28
66
—
1 ,^06,000
96
13,000
58,500
9,200
1,341,000
1,765,000
1^39,000
49
1,300
139,000
29
2,200
99,000
19
—
2,336,000
100
—
2,645,000
65
3,300
19,500
42,000
55
18
23
h9
Section F.
Classification of Establishments Reporta -
To present meaningful tabulations of employment data,
establishments are classified Into Industries on the basis of the princi
pal product or activity determined from information on
sales volume
for a recent year* In the case of an establishment making more than one
product, the entire employment of the plant is included under the Industry
Indicated by the most important product. The titles and descriptions of
Industries presented in the 19^5 Standard Industrial Classification
Manual, Vol. I: (U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Washington, D. C.) are used
for classifying reports from manufacturing establishments; the 19^2
Industrial Classification Code, (U. S. Social Security Board) for reports
from nonmanufacturing establishments.
Section G. Benchmark Data Basic sources of benchmark information axe periodic
tabulations of employment data, by Industry, compiled by State agencies
from reports of establishments covered under State unemployment insurance
lavs. Supplementary tabulations prepared by the U. S. Bureau of Old Age
and Survivors Insurance are used for the group of establishments exempt
from State unemployment insurance lavs because of their small size. For
industries not covered by either of the tvo programs, benchmarks are com
piled from special establishment censuses: for example, for Interstate
railroads, from establishment data reported to the ICC; for State and
local government, from data reported to the Bureau of the Census; for the
Federal government, from agency data compiled by the Civil Service
Commission. Establishments are classified into the same Industrial
groupings for benchmark purposes as they are for monthly reporting.
Because the industry data from unemployment insurance and QASI
tabulations are not sufficiently detailed, the BLS has prepared for se
lected manufacturing industries special benchmarks based on data from the
19*1-7 Census of Manufactures. Table 4 showB current data an production
vorkers in these selected industries, based on Census benchmarks. Since
there are Important differences in the methods of preparing the tvo sets
of benchmark data, monthly statistics derived from them are not strictly
comparable. Hence, totals for Industry groups (e.g. broadvoven fabric
mills, iron and steel foundries) derived by adding the figures for the in
dividual component industries shown in Table it, differ from the industry
group totals shovn in Table 3, based on benchmarks from social insurance
programs.
Section E.
Estimating Method -
The estimating procedure for Industries for vhich data on both
all employees and production and related vorkers are published (I.e.
50
Section H.
Estimating Method (Continued) -
manufacturing and selected mining industries) is outlined below;
substantially the sane method is used for industries for which only fig
ures on either all employees or production vorkers are published.
The first step is to determine total production-worker
employment in the industry in the benchmark period since neither of the
social Insurance programs furnishes benchmark data for production workers*
The all employee benchmark figure is multiplied by the ratio of the number
of production vorkers to all employees. The ratio is computed fro® estab
lishment reports which show data for both Items for the benchmark period.
Thus, if 75 firms report in the benchmark period 25,000 production vorkers
and an all employee total of 31 *250, the production worker - all employee
ratio would be .80, (25,000 divided by 31/250). If the all-employee
benchmark is 50,000, the production-worker total in the benchmark period
would be .80 times 50,000 or *0 ,000.
The second step is to cdepute the total production-worker
employment in the month following the benchmark period. The productionworker total for ■fiie benchmark period is multiplied by the percent change
over the month in production-worker employment in a group of establish
ments reporting in both months. Taus, if firms in the BLS sample report
employment of 30,000 production workers in March and 31,200 in April, the
percentage Increase would be * percent (1,200 divided by 30,000). The
production-worker total in April would be 10* percent of *0,000, the
production-worker total in March, the benchmark month, or *1,600.
The third step is to compute the all-employee total for the
industry In the month following the benchmark period. The productionworker total for the month is divided by the ratio of production workers
to all employees. This ratio Is ccerputed from establishment reports for
the month shoving data for both items. Thus, if these firms in April re
port 2*,000 production workers and a total of 29,600 employees, the ratio
of production workers to all employees would be .81 (2*,000 divided by
29,600). The all-employee total in April would be 51,358, (*1,600 divided
by .81).
Figures for subsequent months are computed by carrying forward
the totals for the previous month according to the method described above.
When annual benchmark data beccue available, the
employment figures
for the benchmark period are compared with the total count. If differ
ences are found, the BLS series are adjusted to agree with the benchmark
count.
51
Section I. Comparability vith. other Employment Estimates Data published by other government and private agencies differ
from BLS employment statistics because of differences In definitial,
sources of information, and methods of collection, classification and es
timation. H £ monthly figures are not comparable, for example, vith the
estimates of the Bureau of the Census Monthly Beport on the Labor Force,
Census data are obtained by personal interviews vith individual members of
a sample of households and are designed to provide Information on the vork
status of the vhole population, classified into broad social and economic
groups. The BLS, on the other hand, obtains by mail questionnaire data on
employees, based an payroll records of business units and prepares de
tailed statistics on the industrial and geographic distribution of
employment and on hours of vork and earnings.
Employment estimates derived by the Bureau of the Census from
its quinquennial census and annual sample surveys of manufacturing estab
lishments also differ from BIS employment statistics. Among the important
reasons for disagreement are differences in industries covered, In the
business units considered parts of an establishment, and in the Industrial
classification of establishments.
Section J. Employment Statistics for States and Areas State and area employment statistics are collected and
prepared by State agencies In cooperation vith the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, The names and addresses of these agencies are listed on the
last page of the Report. State agencies use the same basic schedule as
the Bureau of Labor Statistics In collecting employment statistics. State
series are adjusted to benchmark data from State unemployment Insurance
agencies and the Bureau of Old Age and Survivors Insurance, Because some
States have more recent benchmarks than others and use slightly varying
methods of computation, the sum of the State figures differs from the of
ficial U. S, totals prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, State and
area data in greater Industry detail and for earlier periods may be se
cured directly upon request to the appropriate State agency or to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
$2
Glossary
All Employees
- Includes production and related workers as defined below and
workers engaged in the following activities:
executive., purchasing, finance,
accounting, legal, personnel (including cafeterias, medical, etc.,), professional
and technical activities, sales, sales-deliveryj advertising, credit collection,
and in installation and servicing of own products, routine office functions,
factory supervision (above the working foreman level).
Also includes employees
on the establishment payroll engaged in new construction and major additions or
alterations to the plant who are utilized as a separate workforce (force-account
construction workers).
Contract Construction
— Covers only firms engaged in the construction business oh
a contract basis for others.
Force-account construction workers, i.e., hired
directly by and on the payrolls of Federal, State, and local government, public
utilities, and private establishments, are excluded from contract construction
and included in the employment for such establishments.
Durable Goods
— The durable goods subdivision includes the following major indus
try groups:
ordnance and accessories; lumber and wood products (except furni
ture); furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass products; primary metal
industries; fabricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and trans
portation equipment); machinery (except electrical); electrical machinery;
transportation equipment; instruments and related products; and miscellaneous
manufacturing industries.
Finance
- Covers establishments operating in the fields of finance, insurance, and
real estate; excludes the Federal Reserve Banks and the mixed-ownership banks of
the Farm Credit Administration which are included under Government.
Government
— Covers Federal, State, and local government establishments performing
legislative, executive, and judicial functions, including Government corpora
tions, Government force-account construction, and such units as arsenals, nav£
yards, hospitals.
Fourth-class poatmasters are excluded from table 2; they are
included, however, in table 7.
State and local government employment excludes,
as nominal employees, paid volunteer firemen and elected officials of small
local units.
Manufacturing
— Covers only private establishments; Government manufacturing
operations such as arsenals and navy yards are excluded from manufacturing and
included under Government.
Mining
— Covers establishments engaged in the extraction from the earth of organic
and inorganic minerals which occur in nature as solids, liquids, or gases; in
cludes various contract services required in mining operations, such as removal
of overburden, tunneling and shafting, and the drilling or acidizing of oil
wells; also includes ore dressing, beneficiating, and concentration.
53
Nondurable Goods
— The nondu rable goods subdivision includes the following majo r
industry groups:
food and kindred products; tobacco manufactures; textile—mill
products; apparel and other finished textile products; paper a nd allie d products;
printing, publishing, and allied industries; chemicals and allied products;
products of petroleum a nd coal; rubber products; and leather and leather
products.
Payrolls
- Private payrolls represent weekly payrolls of both full- and pa rt-time
production and related workers who w or k e d during, or received pay for, any part
of the pay period en ding nearest the 15th of the month, before deduct ion for
old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, w i t h ho lding tax, bonds, and
union dues; also, includes pay for sick leave, holidays, and vacations taken.
Excludes cash payments for vacations not taken, retroactive pay not earned during
period reported, value of payments in kind, and bonuses, unless earned and paid
regularly each pay period.
Federal civilian payrolls are for the calendar month.
Production and Related Workers
- Includes w o r k i n g foremen and all nonsup ervisory
workers (including lead men and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing,
assembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing,
shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial, watchman services, products d e v e l o p
ment, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant), and r eco rd
keeping and other services closely associated with the above production
operations.
Service
— Covers establishments primarily engaged in rendering services to indi
viduals and business firms, including automobile repair services.
Excludes
domestic service workers.
Nongovernment schools, hospitals, museums, etc., are
included under Service; similar Government establishments are included under
Governmen t .
Trade
— Covers establishments engaged in wholesale trade, i.e., selling m e r c h a n
dise to retailers, and in ret.ail trade, i.e., selling merchan dise for personal
or household consumption, and rendering services incidental to the sales of
goods.
Similar Government establishments are included under Government.
Transportation and Public Utilities
— Covers only private establishments engaged
in providing all types of transportation and related services; telephone, tele
graph, and other communication services; or providing electricity, gas, steam,
water, or sanitary service.
Similar Government establishments are included
under G o v e r n m e n t .
List of Cooperating State Agencies
ALABAMA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
OELAWARE
DISTRICT OF
tOLUMBIA
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
IDAHO
ILLIN O IS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
M IS S IS S IP P I
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA
OREGON
PENNSYLVANIA
RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VERMONT
VIRGIN IA
WASHINGTON
WEST VIR G IN IA
WISCONSIN
WYOMING
Department o f I n d u s t r i a l R e l a t i o n s , Montgomery 5.
Unemployment Compensation D i v i s i o n , Employment S e c u r i t y Coiumission,
Employment S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , Department o f Labor, L i t t l e Rock.
D i v i s i o n o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s and R ese a rch , Department o f i n d u s t r i a l
San F r a n c i s c o l .
U. S. Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s , Denver 2.
Employment S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , Department o f Labor, H a r t f o r d 15.
Federal Rese rve Bank o f P h i l a d e l p h i a , P h i l a d e l p h i a 1, P e n n s y l v a n i a .
Phoenix.
R e la tio n s,
U. S. Employment S e r v i c e f o r D. C., W ash ingto n 25.
Unemployment C om pensation D i v i s i o n , I n d u s t r i a l Commission, T a l l a h a s s e e .
Employment S e c u r i t y Agency, Department o f Labor, A t l a n t a 3 .
Employment S e c u r i t y Agency, B o i s e .
I l l i n o i s State Employment Service and D i v i s io n of Unemployment Compensation, C h ic a g o 54
Employment S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , I n d i a n a p o l i s 9.
Employment S e c u r i t y Com mission, Des M o in e s 8 .
Employment S e c u r i t y D i v i s i o n , S t a t e Labor Department, Topeka.
Bureau o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Department o f Economic S e c u r i t y , F r a n k f o r t .
D i v i s i o n o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Department o f Labor, Baton Rouge 4.
Employment S e c u r i t y Com mission, Augusta.
Department o f Employment S e c u r i t y , B a l t i m o r e 1.
D i v i s i o n o f S t a t i s t i c s , Department o f Labor and i n d u s t r i e s , B o sto n 10.
Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, D e t r o i t 2.
D i v i s i o n o f Employment and S e c u r i t y , S t. Paul 1 .
Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, J a c kso n .
D i v i s i o n o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Department o f Labor and I n d u s t r i a l R e l a t i o n s ,
J e ffe rso n C ity.
Unemployment Com pensatio n Commission, Helena.
D i v i s i o n o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Department o f Labor, L i n c o l n 1.
Employment S e c u r i t y Department, C a rso n C i t y .
D i v i s i o n o f Employment S e c u r i t y , Department o f Labor, Concord.
Department o f Labor and I n d u s t r y , Tren to n 8 .
Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, Albuquerque.
Bureau o f Rese arch and S t a t i s t i c s , D i v i s i o n o f Placement and Unemployment In s u r a n c e ,
New York Department o f Labor, 1440 Broadway, New York 18.
Department o f Labor, R a l e i g h .
Unemployment Com pensation D i v i s i o n , Bism arck.
Bureau o f Unemployment Com pensatio n, Columbus 16.
Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, Oklahoma C i t y 2.
Unemployment Compensation Commission, Salem.
Federal R ese rve Bank o f P h i l a d e l p h i a , P h i l a d e l p h i a 1 ( m f g . ) ; Bureau o f R ese arch and
I n f o r m a t i o n , Department o f Labor and I n d u s t r y , H a r r i s b u r g (n o n m fg .).
Department o f Labor, P r o v id e n c e 3 .
Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, C o lu m b ia l .
Employment S e c u r i t y Department, Aberdeen.
Department o f Employment S e c u r i t y , N a s h v i l l e 3 .
Employment Commission, A u s t i n 19.
Department o f Employment S e c u r i t y , I n d u s t r i a l Commission, S a l t Lake C i t y 13 .
Unemployment C om pensation Commission, M o n t p e l i e r .
D i v i s i o n o f R esearch and S t a t i s t i c s , Department o f Labor and I n d u s t r y , Richmond 19.
Employment s e c u r i t y Department, Olympia.
Department o f Employment S e c u r i t y , C h a r l e s t o n 5 .
I n d u s t r i a l Commission, M a diso n 3 .
Employment S e c u r i t y Commission, C asp er.
55
Other Publications on
EM PLO YM EN T DEVELOPM ENTS
STATE AND AREA DATA — E M P L O Y M E N T , HOURS, A ND EARNINGS Data available for States and areas in varying industry detail since 1947.
MANPOWER REPORTS - Special studies of manpower problems in activities of importance
to the defense effort.
Reports numbered consecutively as issued.
Those
not listed are either restricted for security reasons or no longer available.
MANPOWER REPORT No. 3 - The Nation's Scientific and Technical Manpower, (December 1950)
MANPOWER REPORT No. 8 - Manpower Requirements of the Machine Tool Industry in the
Current Mobilization Program. (August 1951)
MANPOWER REPORT N o . 11 - Manpower Requirements in Metal M i n i n g , (October 1951)
MANPOWER REPORT N o . 12 - Defense Manpower Requirements in Electronics Production.
(February 1952)
MANPOWER REPORT N o . 13 - The Effects of Defense Program on Employment in Automobile
Industry. (January 1952)
MANPOWER REPORT N o . 14 - Projected Manpower Requirements and Supply, 1952-1953.
(January 1952)
MANPOWER REPORT N o . 16 - Manpower Requirements in the Aircraft Industry. (June 1952)
OCCUPATIONAL OUTLOOK HANDBOOK, 2d EDITION, Bulletin No. 998 of Bureau of Labor
Statistics issued in cooperation with the Veterans Administration.
575 pp. - Available from the Superintendent of Documents, Government P r i n t
ing Office, Washington 25, D. C . , at $3.00 a copy.
A comprehensive coverage
of major occupations for use in guidance with reports on each of 433 o c c u
pations and industries including industrial, professional, **whi te-col l a r , "
and farminjg occupations in which most young people will find jobs.
Trends
and outlook are emphasized to depict the changing nature of occupational
and industrial life, and to help in long-range educational and career p l a n
ning.
Occupation reports describe employment outlook, nature of work,
industries and localties in which workers are employed, training and q u a l i
fications needed, earnings, working conditions, and sources of further
information.
This material is current as of late 1950.
New editions of the
Handbook will be issued from time to time.
EMPLOYMENT AN D ECONOMIC STATUS OF OLDER MEN A ND WOMEN, Bulletin No. 1092, May 1952 Basis data pertaining to older workers including information on population
and labor force trends, industrial and occupational characteristics, and
income and employment.
Available from the Superintendent of Documents,
Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C . , at 30 cents a copy.
TABLES OF WORKING LIFE, L ENGTH OF WORKING LIFE FOR MEN, Bulletin No. 1001, August
1950, 74 pp. - Tables comparing a man's life span with his work span.
Also
labor force entry rates, and separation rates owing to death and retirement.
Available from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office,
Washington 25, D. C . , at 40 cents a copy.
@FedFRASER