Full text of Employment and Payrolls : August 1934
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Serial No. R. 164 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR FRANCES PERKINS, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS IS AD OR LUBIN, Commissioner TREND OF EMPLOYMENT AUGUST 1934 Prepared by Division of Employment Statistics Under the direction of LEWIS E. TALBERT and H ER M AN B. BYER UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE W ASH IN G T O N : 1934 CONTENTS Industrial: Page By industries: Manufacturing industries___ 1-13 Nonmanufacturing industries. 13-17 Anthracite and bituminous-coal mining. Metalliferous mining. Quarrying and nonmetallic mining. Crude-petroleum producing. Public utilites: Telephone and telegraph. Electric light and power and manufactured gas. Electric railroads. Wholesale and retail trade. Hotels. Laundries. Dyeing and cleaning. Banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate. Building______________________________________________________ 18-21 Class I steam railroads_____________ ______________ ____________ 30-31 By States_________________________________________________________ 21-29 By cities___________________________________________________________ 30 Public: Federal employees__________ 31-33 Public Works Administration 34-40 Emergency work relief 40-41 41-42 Emergency conservation work__________ Public roads not financed by P .W .A ____ 42-43 Construction projects financed by R.F.C 44-45 Wage-rate changes 46-49 (TI) TREND OF EMPLOYMENT August 1934 HE Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States Department of Labor presents herewith data compiled from pay-roll reports supplied by representative establishments in 90 of the principal manu facturing industries of the country and 18 nonmanufacturing industries, covering the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Addi tional information is presented concerning employment on Public Works Administration projects, public roads, the Federal service, and class I steam railroads. T Manufacturing Industries I NCREASES of 1.1 percent in factory employment and 2.8 percent in factory pay rolls were shown in August as compared with July. Employment and pay rolls in manufacturing industries normally increase in August, reflecting seasonal activity in certain industries and a recovery from July shut-downs. During the preceding 15-year period, 1919-33, inclusive, for which data are available in the Bureau of Labor Statistics, increases in employment from July to August were shown in each year except 1930 and in pay rolls in each year except 1930 and 1931. The general indexes of factory employment and pay rolls for August 1934 are 79.5 and 62.1, respectively. A comparison of these indexes with those of August 1933 shows gains over the year interval of 4.1 percent in employment and 9.3 percent in pay rolls. The Bureau recently revised its indexes of factory employment and pay rolls. The base now used in computing these index numbers is the average for the 3-year period, 1923-25, taken as 100. This newr series of indexes has been adjusted to conform to census trends over the period 1919-31. Prior to March 1934 the indexes of factory employment and pay rolls published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics were based on the 12-month average of 1926 and w rere not adjusted to conform to biennial census trends. A short discussion of this revision appeared in the March 1934 Trend of Employment and a more com plete bulletin on this subject is being prepared for publication. The August 1934 group and general indexes of factory employment and pay rolls on the 1926 base are shown in this pamphlet under the head- ( 1) 2 ing “ Index numbers of employment and pay-roll totals in manufactur ing industries.” The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are computed from reports supplied by representative establishments in 90 important manufacturing industries of the country. In August, reports were received from 25,298 establishments employing 3,762,201 wage earners, whose weekly earnings during the pay period ending nearest August 15 totaled $71,053,170. More than 50 percent of the wage earners in all manufacturing industries of the country are covered in these monthly employment surveys. Fifty-two of the ninety manufacturing industries surveyed reported gains in employment and 51 reported increases in pay rolls. The most pronounced gains in employment from July to August were seasonal in nature and appeared in the following industries: Canning and preserving, 61.1 percent; beet sugar, 34.6 percent; cot tonseed— oil, cake, and meal, 32 percent; millinery, 30.7 percent; and women’s clothing, 22.8 percent. Other substantial seasonal increases were reported in men’s clothing, 8.6 percent; fur-felt hats and con fectionery, 7.7 percent each; radios and phonographs, 6.1 percent; and men’s furnishings, 5.3 percent. The silver- and plated-ware industry reported an increase of 13.1 percent in employment from July to August, the slaughtering and meat-packing industry reported a gain of 8.6 percent, the locomotive industry reported an increase of 8.3 percent, and the cigar and cigarette industry reported an increase of 7.4 percent. The jewelry and the cane-sugar-refining industries reported gains in number of workers of 6.3 percent each and the drug gists’ preparations industry reported a gain of 5.1 percent. Among the remaining 35 industries reporting increased employment, increases ranging from 1.5 percent to 3.8 percent were reported in the following important industries: Shirts and collars, 3.8 percent; cast-iron pipe, 3.7 percent; boots and shoes, 3.3 percent; shipbuilding, 2.8 percent; smelting and refining— copper, lead, and zinc, 2.7 percent; rayon, 2.5 percent; printing, book and job, 1.6 percent; and furniture and petroleum refining, 1.5 percent each. The most pronounced decrease in employment from July to August (10.5 percent) was in the aircraft industry. The textile-machinery industry reported an employment decline of 6.7 percent over the month interval, the electric- and steam-car building industry, a loss of 6.2 percent and the automobile industry, a loss of 6 percent. De creases ranging from 4.3 percent to 5.9 percent were reported in the machine tool, rubber tire, rubber goods other than tires and shoes, plumbers’ supply, marble-slate-granite, cement, steam-railroad repair shop, and wirework industries. The cotton goods, blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills industries reported losses in employment of 3.8 percent each. Other industries in which decreases in employment 3 over the month interval ranged from 3 percent to 3.6 percent were: Agricultural implements, stamped and enameled ware, leather, tools, and brass, bronze, and copper products. In the remaining 19 indus tries in which decreased employment was reported, declines in indus tries of major importance were in paint and varnish, 2.9 percent; woolen and worsted goods, 2.7 percent; ice cream 2.3 percent; millwork, 2.1 percent; beverages and glass, 1.6 percent each; chemicals, 1.3 percent; and foundry and machine-shop products, 0.7 percent. Comparing the level of employment and pay rolls in the 90 separate industries in August 1934 with August 1933, 52 industries showed in creased employment over the year interval and 60 showed increased pay rolls. Dividing the manufacturing industries into “ durable” and “ non durable” goods groups, the former group showed a decrease in em ployment from July to August of 1.9 percent and no change in pay rolls. The latter group showed gains of 3.7 percent in employment and 5.3 percent in pay rolls. The “ durable ” goods group is composed of the following subgroups: i r o n a n d s t e e l , m a c h i n e r y , t r a n s p o r t a t io n E Q U IP M E N T , R A IL R O A D R E P A IR SHOPS, NONFERROUS M ETALS, and S T O N E -C L A Y - G L A S S . Per capita weekly earnings for all manufacturing industries com bined increased 1.7 percent from July to August and 5.1 percent from August 1933 to August 1934. Gains from July to August were shown in 48 of the 90 individual manufacturing industries surveyed and ranged from less than one-tenth of 1 percent to 20.6 percent. The per capita earnings shown in the following table musi} not be e o E n i u s e d with full-time weekly rates of wages. They are per capita weekly earnings, computed by dividing the total amount of pay roll for the week by the total number of employees (part-time as well as full-time workers). Man-hour data supplied by identical establishments in July and August 1934 showed an increase over the month interval for all manu facturing industries combined of 1.8 percent in average hours worked per week and a decrease in average hourly earnings of 0.2 percent. Thirty-nine of the industries covered showed increases in average hours worked and 49 reported increased hourly earnings. As all re porting establishments do not furnish man-hour information, the Bureau’s figures on average hours worked per week and average hourly earnings are necessarily computed from data furnished by a smaller number of establishments than are covered in the monthly survey of manufacturing industries. Average hours worked per week and aver age hourly earnings are presented for only those manufacturing in dustries for which available information covers at least 20 percent of all the employees in the industry. L U M B E R A N D A L L IE D P R O D U C T S, 4 In table 1, which follows, are shown indexes of employment and pay rolls in August 1934 for each of the 90 manufacturing industries sur veyed, for the 14 major groups and 2 subgroups into which these industries are classified, and for manufacturing as a whole, together with percentage changes from July 1934 and August 1933. Per capita weekly earnings in August 1934, together with percentage of changes from the previous month and from August of the previous year for each of the 90 manufacturing industries and for manufacturing as a whole, are also presented in this table. Average hours w orked per week in T August 1934 and average hourly earnings, together with percentage of changes from July 1934 and August 1933, are likewise presented for manufacturing as a whole and for each industry for which man-hour data covering at least 20 percent of the total emploj^ees in the industry were received. T a b l e 1.-— M P L O Y M E N T , W E E K L Y P A Y R OLLS, P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S W O R K E D P E R W E E K , A N D A V E R A G E E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S IN A U G U S T 1934 A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H J U L Y 1934 A N D A U G U ST 1933 Employment Industry Total manufacturing.......................................... . Iron and steel and their products, not includ ing m achinery.......................................................... Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills.... Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets.......................... . Cast-iron pipe..........- ............................................... Cutlery (not including silver and plated cut lery) and edge tools.............................................. Forgings, iron and steel......................................... . Hardware.................................................................. Plumbers’ supplies...................................... .......... Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steam fittings....................................................... Stoves......................................................................... Structural and ornamental metal work..... .......... Tin cans and other tinware.................................... Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws)...................................................... Wirework................................................................... Machinery, n o t including transportation equipm ent.................................................................. Agricultural implements......................................... Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines................................................................. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.. Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels... Foundry and machine-shop products.................. Machine tools........................................................... Radios and phonographs........................................ Textile machinery and parts.................................. Typewriters and parts............................................ See footnotes at end of table. Per capita weekly earnings» Pay roll Percentage Percentage Index Index August change from— August change from— Aver 1934 1934 age in (3 year (3-year August average July August average July August 1934 1923-26 1934 1933 1933 1923-25 1934 =100) =100) Average hours worked per week1 Average hourly earn ings1 Percentage change from— Percentage change from— Percentage change from— July 1934 July 1934 Aver age in August 1934 August 1933 Aver age in August August 1934 1933 July 1934 August 1933 79.5 + 1.1 + 4.1 62.1 + 2 .8 + 9 .3 $18.89 + 1 .7 + 5.1 2 33.9 + 1 .8 -1 0 .1 Cents *55.7 -.2 +15.7 68.6 69.7 77.7 63.8 —2.4 - 3 .8 —2.7 + 3 .7 + .3 -.1 - 7 .7 +22.0 45.5 44.0 53.3 29.2 —4.4 - 8 .1 - 3 .7 + 6 .5 - 9 .0 -1 7 .1 -.2 +25.3 17.23 17.59 14.70 - .4 - 1 .1 + 2 .7 -1 6 .9 + 8 .5 + 3.1 27.0 32.2 29.7 - 3 .6 + .6 + 2 .8 -3 1 .9 - 7 .3 -1 4 .1 64.0 54.6 49.6 + .8 - 1 .3 (3 ) +22.8 +15.6 +18.9 77.7 61.9 51.3 60.6 + 3 .0 + .9 —.8 - 5 .4 +13.3 +10.9 -1 8 .6 -1 2 .2 53.0 34.7 37.9 34.0 -.8 + 1 .1 + 8 .7 - 6 .6 +13.2 + 8 .8 -1 4 .3 -1 3 .0 18.56 19.61 17.73 16.81 - 3 .6 + .3 + 9 .6 - 1 .2 -.1 -1 .4 + 5 .2 -.7 34.8 32.9 32.3 31.4 - 2 .8 - 1 .2 + 8 .0 - 2 .5 - 9 .9 -1 4 .4 - 8 .5 -1 6 .7 53.3 59.5 55.0 53.0 -.4 + 1 .5 + 2 .0 + .2 hll. 0 -17.6 -16.5 1-18.2 48.6 87.7 69.0 99.1 + .5 + 1 .3 +(<) —. 5 -1 5 .9 +9.1 +19.7 +10.4 30.3 57.7 41.8 93.6 - 2 .7 +2 .1 + 3 .0 - 1 .0 -1 0 .1 + 7 .2 +40.7 +15.8 20.18 17.85 20.19 19.54 - 3 .1 +. 9 + 3 .0 -.5 + 7 .0 - 1 .2 +17.1 + 4 .7 33.6 33.1 34.1 37.1 - 4 .0 -.9 + 3 .0 - 1 .3 -1 4 .4 -1 6 .6 - 3 .7 -1 2 .3 59.3 54.1 59.6 51.8 -.5 + .6 + .3 -.4 +15.8 +17.0 +15.1 +16.8 67.4 1x6.3 - 3 .3 - 5 .9 +4 .6 —i.3 49.0 90.1 +(<) - 6 .2 +17.5 -1 2 .9 19.66 17.06 + 3 .4 -.3 +12.7 -1 2 .0 36.0 31.3 + 2 .9 - 1 .9 - 6 .2 -1 7 .8 54.5 54.1 + .9 + 1 .9 +20.4 +21.1 +21.9 +53.6 57.8 68.3 -.5 - 2 .7 +32.9 +84.6 i9.69 + 1 .0 +19.7 35.4 + 1.1 + 4 .2 56.7 + .9 +19.4 +22.3 +18.7 +65.1 +16.2 +50.2 +37.1 -1 2 .4 +20.5 84.0 50.2 47.9 60.3 49.0 123.1 49.3 70.6 - 2 .7 + .9 + 5 .1 - 1 .6 -4 .9 + 7 .6 - 1 2 .2 + 2 .5 +35.5 +33.9 +99.6 +26.1 +60.1 +46.2 -2 0 .1 +44 4 25.91 21.16 23.76 20.16 21.99 18.04 19.33 21.99 - 3 .7 + .7 + 4 .6 -.9 -.7 + 1 .4 -5 .9 +(<) +10.7 +12.7 +21.2 + 9 .0 + 6 .8 + 6 .6 - 9 .0 +20.1 38.3 33.6 37.4 34.2 35.4 33.4 32.6 38.6 -.8 (3 ) + 4 .2 -.9 - 1 .9 + 4 .4 - 6 .1 -.3 - 1 .2 - 1 .0 + 8 .2 + 2 .5 + .6 - 6 .2 -1 5 .6 + 3 .4 68.4 62.0 63.6 59.2 61.8 53.9 61.9 56.9 - 3 .3 + 1 .0 +. 5 (3 ) + .8 + .4 + 1 .8 + .4 +12.1 +14.2 +11.3 + 7 .9 + 5 .6 +20.2 +1Q.3 +15.7 78.6 66.8 105.7 65.3 71.8 69.0 66.1 217.5 66.5 80.1 X , + 1 .0 + .3 + .5 -.7 - 4 .3 +6.1 - 6 .7 + 2 .5 I 1 T able 1.—E M P L O Y M E N T , W E E K L Y P A Y R O LLS, P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S W O R K E D P E R W E E K , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U ST R IE S IN AU G U ST 1934 A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H JU L Y 1934 A N D A U G U ST 1933—Continued Employment Industry Index August 1934 (3-year average 1923-25 = 100) Pay roll Percentage Index Percentage change from— August change from— 1934 (3-year average July August July August 1923-25 1934 1933 = 100) 1934 1933 Per capita weekly earnings 1 Average hours worked per week1 Average hourly earn ings 1 Percentage Aver change from— age in August 1934 July August 1934 1933 Percentage Aver change from— age in August 1934 July August 1934 1933 Percentage Aver change from— age in August 1934 July August 1934 1933 83.3 - 5.1 + 35.2 69.9 + 6.9 + 40.6 Transportation equipm ent______________ Aircraft._________________________________ 333.4 - 10.5 + 6.4 301.8 - 7.1 + 6.9 $26.39 + 3.8 +• 2 Autombiles____ __________________________ 92.5 - 6.0 + 34.6 76.5 + 8.2 + 37.3 23.06 + 15.1 + 2.2 Cars, electric- and steam-railroad....................... . 48.1 - 6.2 + 63.6 47.0 + 1.6 + 94.2 20.94 + 8.4 + 18.6 Locomotives______________________________ 38.5 + 8.3 + 120.0 17.7 + 7.8 + 200.0 22. 52 - .4 + 34.0 Shipbuilding. ___________________________ 71.2 + 2.8 + 23.8 56.4 + 1.3 + 41.0 23.16 - 1.5 + 14.3 Railroad repair shops___________ __________ 55.2 - 5.3 + 1.8 48.5 - 5.1 + 5.7 Electric railroad_______ ______ _______ _____ 66.0 - .4 + 2.0 58.5 - .5 + 9.6 26. 36 - .2 + 7.6 Steam railroad____ _______________________ 54.4 - 5.8 + 2.1 47.9 - 5.3 + 5.3 24.48 +.5 + 3.3 Nonferrous metals and their products 5______ 73.4 +.4 + 6.1 53.2 -.7 + 10.1 Aluminum manufactures s__________________ 67.7 +.3 - 15.7 40.8 - 6.8 - 31.1 15.02 - 7.1 - 17.9 Brass, bronze, and copper products..................... 72.7 - 3.0 - 4.6 51.2 - 5.8 - 3.2 19. 58 - 2.8 + 1. 6 Clocks and watches, and time-recording devices. 68.9 + 1.0 + 23.5 54.3 + 7.9 + 38.5 17.85 + 6.8 + 11.8 Jewelry------ ------- -------- --------------------- ------ 65.7 + 6.3 + 12.3 49.7 + 9.8 + 21.8 18.78 + 3.3 + 8.6 Lighting equipment_______________________ 61.9 +• 4 + 11.5 48.2 - 2.0 + 14.8 18.17 - 2.4 + 3.1 Silverware and plated ware__________ ______ 69.3 + 13.1 + 38.9 48.3 + 10.9 + 46.8 19.14 - 1.9 + 5.8 Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc... 70.5 + 2.7 + 27.9 42.8 - 1.0 + 26.6 20.14 - 3.6 -.9 Stamped and enameled ware___________ ____ 87.1 - 3.5 - 2.5 70.8 - 3.0 + 13.6 16.99 +.5 + 16.4 Lumber and allied products_________________ 49.0 +.4 - 3.8 33.5 + 6.0 + 3.4 Furniture________________________________ 62.9 + 1.5 - 8.4 42.7 + 8.7 - 2.7 15.79 + 7.1 + 5.8 Lumber: Millwork......................................................... 36.2 - 2.1 - 9.0 23.1 - 2.9 15. 52 + 2.1 + 6.3 Sawmills___________ _________________ 33.9 +. 4 +• 9 22.1 ~ (4) + 10.0 14. 58 + 5.6 + 8.2 + 5.9 Turpentine and rosin........................................ 98.3 + 1.0 + 10. C 51.3 + 2.0 + 41.3 12.53 + 1.0 + 28.3 Stone, clay, and glass products___ __________ 53.1 - 3.0 +.6 34.9 - 3.3 + 2.9 31.8 +.4 - 10.7 16.8 - 1.4 - 3.4 13.91 - i .8 + 7.3 Brick, tile, and terra cotta............................... . Cement. ______ _______________________ .. 55.0 - 5.8 + 3.6 35.4 - 9.6 + 10.6 19.14 - 4.0 + 6.6 Glass______________ _____________________ 87.6 - 1.6 + 12.6 68.2 - 1.8 + 14.4 18.16 - .2 + 1.5 Marble, granite, slate, and other products_____ 31.3 - 5.7 - 17.2 20.1 - 6.4 - 16.2 20.60 - .7 + 1.0 Pottery..................................................................... 63.4 - 1.0 - 2.6 37.8 - 1.5 - 11.9 15.29 - .5 - 9.8 41.9 31.9 35.2 35.6 31.3 44.1 38.6 26.7 34.4 36.4 34.9 35.3 33.6 36.9 33.8 34.8 34.3 33.3 + 3.2 - 7.8 + 14.3 - 15.6 + 5.1 + 6.1 - 1.9 + 26.6 - .9 + 2.0 - 1.2 (•) + 1.0 +.6 - 6.0 - 18.4 - 2.3 - 7.7 + 6.4 - 9.5 + 4.8 - 8.7 - 3.0 - 3.0 - 2.0 - 4.9 - 4.4 - 13.9 +.6 - 2.7 + 6.4 - 11.7 + 2.4 - 13.9 + 2.8 - 22.9 31.5 33.0 32.3 31.1 30.3 - 2.2 - 11.6 - 5.2 - 5.9 - .3 - 10.6 +.3 + 4.7 - 1.3 - 24.6 Cents 61.2 72.7 59.8 63.2 73.9 59.4 63.2 56.0 57.0 49.1 53.6 52.5 56.7 54.2 50.6 44.9 45.3 44.1 - .3 + 7.9 +• 7 + 19.0 + 2.9 + 14.7 + 1.4 + 7.8 - .9 + 18.6 + 9.1 (3) - .2 + 3.9 - 1.1 + 27.1 -.7 + 11.9 +.4 + 21.1 - 1.1 + 23.7 +.2 + 6.3 + 12.6 (3) +.4 + 13.6 + 1.0 + 23.2 + 17.9 (3) +.4 + 21.4 + 1.6 + 36.3 43.6 -.9 + 20.3 57.8 + 1.4 + 15.7 + 14.2 56.4 2.4 + 7.9 65.8 -(3) 49.7 +.4 + 18.3 87896— 34- Textiles a n d th eir p r o d u c ts ...... ....................... Fabrics............................................................... Carpets and rugs...................................... Cotton goods............................................. Cotton small wares.................................. Dyeing and finishing textiles................. Hats, fur-felt............ ........................ ........ Knit goods___________ ____ __________ Silk and rayon goods...... ..................... . W oolen and worsted goods....... ............. Wearing apparel__________________________ Clothing, men’s______________________ Clothing, women’s____________________ Corsets and allied garments.......... ......... M en’s furnishings.................................. Millinery_______________________ _____ Shirts and collars______________ _____ _ L ea th er a n d Its m a n u fa c t u r e s ____________ Boots and shoes________________ ______ ___ Leather___________________________________ F o o d a n d k in d red p r o d u c ts _________ _____ Baking. Butter. Canning and preserving____________ _________ _ C onfectionery........ ................... ........................ ...... Flour_________________________________________ Ice cream_____________________________________ Slaughtering and meat packing............................ Sugar, beet___________________________________ Sugar refining, cane___________________________ T o b a c c o m a n u fa c t u r e s ________________________ Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff______ Cigars and cigarettes_______ __________ ______ _ Paper a n d p rin tin g ....... .......... ............. ................. . Boxes, paper........................................................... . Paper and pulp_______________________ ______ _ Printing and publishing: Book and job _____________________________ Newspapers and periodicals........ .................. C h em icals a n a allied p r o d u c ts , a n d p etroleu m re fin in g ________________________________________ Other than petroleum refining.............................. Chemicals____ _____ ____ __________ ______ Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal............. ...... Druggists’ preparations— .............................. Explosives......................................................... Fertilizers________ __________ ____ ________ Paints and varnishes.- . ........- ........................ See footnotes at end of table. 88.2 85.6 65.5 88.7 77.4 100.6 82.8 102.6 68.4 68.2 90.1 88.4 110.0 87.8 94.3 65.4 97.3 91.1 91.9 88.4 122.1 115.8 185.8 85.5 194.3 71.5 78.2 88.7 112.4 73.4 87.5 65.1 73.6 64.0 93.8 84.1 104.8 + 2.1 - 1 .6 - 2 .8 - 3 .8 + 1.7 + 1.2 + 7.7 + .7 - 2 .5 - 2 .7 +12.9 + 8.6 +22.8 + 1.2 + 5.3 +30.7 + 3.8 + 1.9 +3.3 - 3 .4 +10.9 -.4 - 1 .6 - 1 .6 +61.1 + 7.7 + .9 - 2 .3 + 8.6 +34.6 + 6.3 + 6.5 + .9 + 7.4 +• 4 + 1.2 -(* ) - 9 .8 -1 3 .8 - 8 .1 -1 2 .7 -1 6 .2 - 6 .6 - 8 .1 - 2 .5 -3 0 .8 -3 1 .0 -.2 -.2 +11.3 - 2 .3 -1 5 .0 -1 9 .0 - 9 .2 - 1 .9 - 1 .4 - 4 .1 +15.8 +12.8 +14.2 + 4.4 +37.2 -1 4 .1 +18.1 +21.5 +19.3 -.7 + 6.8 + 4.7 - 2 .9 + 6 .0 + 5.7 - 1 .3 + 7.4 68.1 64.7 47.9 63.3 60.8 76.9 90.8 89.4 48.0 48.1 70.6 65.6 85.2 75.6 62.9 59.4 90.7 78.7 79.1 76.1 105.1 97.8 185.0 62.7 195.4 60.8 64.8 68.8 99.0 56.7 74.0 49.3 66.6 47.1 78.4 74.5 78.8 85.0 96.6 + 1.6 -.2 + 7.5 + 6.4 71.6 84.9 106.9 105.3 110.9 72.4 98.6 90.5 72.5 99.1 + 1.5 + 1.4 - 1 .3 +32.0 + 5.1 - 1 .6 + 2.0 - 2 .1 + 7 .9 + 6 .3 +14.6 - 9 .7 +11.2 +13.3 +12.9 + 6 .0 90.0 87.8 96.5 68.4 89.9 72.9 57.5 77.9 + 9 .0 + .5 - 1 .0 - 4 .2 + 2.6 + 8 .8 + 9.1 + 4.0 - 4 .3 - 4 .1 +27.7 +20.5 +39.9 + 8.9 +10.9 +57.6 +10.3 + 1 .9 + 3 .8 - 3 .9 + 9 .9 -.4 - 4 .4 - 5 .8 +88.6 + 9.8 -.3 - 5 .1 + 8.3 +39.2 +12.4 + 4 .2 -.6 + 5 .2 + 1.4 + 4 .0 + 2.2 - 8 .1 -1 8 .3 -1 5 .5 -2 3 .0 -1 8 .7 - 7 .3 + 8 .7 - 2 .5 -3 5 .0 - 3 4 .8 +18.7 +11.8 +49.7 - 3 .6 - 2 0 .5 -1 0 .7 + 3 .0 +. 6 + 1 .8 - 3 .2 +28.0 +17.7 +20.3 + 2.3 +87.9 - 4 .1 +31.4 +22.4 +37.3 + 2 .0 + 6 .2 +10.8 - 2 .1 +13.2 +10.4 + 4 .8 + 3 .4 55.9 37.8 46.1 53.2 72.2 45.9 49.9 49.8 + .2 + .3 + 1.1 + .4 -.3 (3 ) + .2 -.2 +14.7 + 6.0 + 9.4 + 9.9 +19.5 +12.2 - 5 .8 - 6 .1 -1 4 .0 68.6 + 1 .9 +37.5 -1 5 .7 - 7 .5 46.1 41.3 + .2 -.5 +10.4 +15.1 + 6.8 + 3.2 39.1 + .5 +14.1 35.5 35.9 - 1 .9 -.6 -2 9 .4 -1 1 .8 50.1 54.0 + 1 .2 + .6 +28.6 +17.6 40.0 39.9 - 2 .7 -.2 - 7 .1 -1 4 .1 54.3 75.5 + 2.5 - 2 .5 +14.4 +24.1 37.0 34.3 37.9 45.4 42.0 44.0 39.7 +31.7 + 1 .2 - 1 .6 - 1 .9 - .5 +27.2 +10.0 +12.2 - 1 .3 - 4 .6 - 5 .8 + 4 .8 -1 0 .4 -1 4 .4 37.0 43.1 54.6 52.9 53.0 47.6 55.2 - 6 .6 + .2 -.5 - 1 .7 -.2 -1 8 .4 - 2 .0 +21.6 +17.5 +15.3 +. 8 +11.0 +13.7 +18.5 + 1 .0 + 6 .8 34.3 35.5 -.6 - 1 .9 -1 0 .1 - 4 .0 38.8 36.9 W - 1 .6 +13. i + 5.8 + 2 .7 + 2 .2 + 6 .6 - 3 .4 35.8 36.1 + .8 + 1.4 -1 1 .7 -1 8 .9 50.5 51.9 (3 ) + .6 +19.2 +20.0 26.29 31.92 + .2 + .4 + 9.9 + 4.5 35.8 36.8 + .6 + .3 +• 1 -5 .0 72.8 84.5 -.4 + 1 .0 + 7.3 +12.0 24.02 10. 51 19.65 23. 50 13.03 21.18 + 1 .2 - 3 .6 -.6 + 4 .4 -.8 + 1 .0 + 4 .6 - 6 .3 -.2 + 6 .9 +10.0 + 5 .3 38.8 38.5 38.0 35.7 32.6 37.7 -.5 - 8 .1 + 2 .2 + 1 .4 + .6 + .3 - 5 .5 - 4 .0 + 3 .8 -1 1 .6 -2 6 .1 - 6 .1 61.8 27.6 49.4 63.6 39.9 56.2 + 1 .0 + 2 .6 + .4 -2 .0 -.7 + .5 +12.2 +10.5 + .8 + 9.7 +47.8 +11.5 + 1 .7 - 1 .7 - 1 .5 + 5.9 - 1 .5 + 4.9 - 1 .8 - 1 .5 -1 7 .3 -1 8 .1 - 9 .3 - 1 2 .0 +11.2 - 9 .1 -2 1 .9 -2 1 .6 25.9 + 8.4 30.9 30.7 + 4.7 + 1.7 32.8 + 2 .7 + 1.2 (4 ) - 2 .8 - 4 .2 +17.1 + 2.0 - 1 .1 - 2 .9 - .3 + 3 .4 + 5.8 + 4.5 + 5.3 - 1 .8 +58.6 +11.4 +11.1 + 1.4 +15.0 + 2.8 -.6 14.10 13.22 - 1 .4 - 2 .1 18.23 18. 76 + 1.8 +18.2 + .2 .+ 1 1 .1 + 1.5 +15.5 + 1.4 ! +14.6 - . 1 1 +19.1 +27.3 - 4 .3 + 4 .4 +11.0 + 2 .7 +20.9 + 1.1 +23.9 - 1 .2 +11.6 17.11 11.46 15.31 17.41 24.20 14.61 15.93 15.97 + 1 .8 -.4 + 1.0 + 7.5 + 1 .2 + 3.3 - 1 .8 - 1 .4 - 8 .2 -1 1 .9 - 3 .0 - 1 .0 +17.9 - .1 —5.9 - 5 .5 29.7 29.7 32.9 32.5 33.3 32.2 31.9 32.0 17.51 19.46 14.79 13. 38 20.94 12.83 +11.0 +13.9 + 7.6 + 5.3 +20.6 + 6.3 +12.3 +34.9 -.8 - 6 .3 +10.5 +13.3 18.14 19.84 + .6 -.5 21.88 30.05 20. 47 13. 52 15.10 21.05 24.17 22. 34 20. 61 22.25 T a b l e 1 .— E M P L O Y M E N T , W E E K L Y P A Y R OLLS, P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S W O R K E D P E R W E E K , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S IN AU G U ST 1934 A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H JU L Y 1934 A N D A U G U ST 1933—Continued Employment Industry Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum refining—Continued. Other than petroleum refining—Continued. R ayon and allied products......... .................... Soap.................................... ............................... Petroleum refining________ ____________ ______ Rubber products______________________________ Rubber boots and shoes________ ________ _____ Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tubes_____ ____ ___________ _______ Rubber tires and inner tubes___ ____ __________ Per capita weekly earnings 1 Pay roll Percentage Percentage Index Index August change from— August change from— Aver 1934 1934 age in (3-year (3-year average July August average July August August 1934 1923-25 1934 1933 1923-25 1934 1933 = 100) = 100) 304.2 98.6 113.4 80.7 55.2 + 2.5 + .9 + 1.5 -3 .8 + 3.4 - 3 .8 +2.1 +14.7 -6 .8 + 4 .0 213.2 86.1 97.2 58.8 50.5 + 2 .2 + 2.1 + 1.5 - 5 .0 + 2 .2 + 7 .8 +14.3 +18.2 - 5 .0 + .4 $18.32 21. 34 27.14 18.29 115.9 73.9 - 5 .1 - 4 .6 -1 1 .9 - 5 .3 89.4 49.9 + 2 .2 -1 0 .7 - 5 .0 - 6 .4 17.86 21. 66 Average hours worked per week 1 Percentage change from— Percentage change from— July 1934 July 1934 Average hourly earn ings 1 Aver age in August 1934 August 1933 - 1 .4 + 1 .1 -.9 - 7 .4 - 5 .4 -1 2 .9 Cents 51.3 55.6 76.3 34.9 - 3 .6 -1 1 .3 34.6 27.4 + 8.8 - 7 .4 - 2 .8 -1 7 .5 +11.8 +12.0 + 2.9 35.7 37.9 34.7 - 1 .1 -.3 + 7 .8 - 6 .4 + 8 .2 - 1 .1 -.3 + 1 .2 (3 ) Aver age in August 1934 August 1933 Percentage change from — July 1934 August 1933 + 1 .0 + .7 + .9 +18.2 +16.8 +23.9 48.4 -.6 +18.4 50.4 80.0 + .4 + 1 .3 + 9 .4 +22.9 * Per capita weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data furnished by a smaller number of establishments as some firms do not report man-hour information. Figures for groups not computed. Percentages of change over year on per capita weekly earnings, average hours worked per week, and average hourly earnings computed from indexes. Percentage change over month on per capita weekly earnings in “ All industries” also computed from indexes. a Weighted. 3 N o change. < Less than Ho of 1 percent. 8 More complete data have made necessary a revision of the July indexes, averages, and percentage changes for nonferrous metals and their products and aluminum manufactures. The revised figures follow: Employment Industry Index July 1934 Percentage change from— June 1934 Nonferrous metals and their products..... .............................................. Pay roll July 1933 Index July 1934 Per capita weekly earnings Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 73.1 - 7 .4 +24.4 +18.5 53.6 - 3 .7 Aluminum -1 1 .2 67.5 manufactures.......................................................................... -1 7 .5 - 6 .6 43.8 -2 5 .8 Average in July 1934 Percentage change from— June 1934 July 1933 9 Estimated Total Number of Wage Earners and Weekly Pay Rolls in Manufacturing Industries I n the following table are presented the estimated number of wage earners and weekly pay rolls in all manufacturing industries combined and in the 14 groups into which these manufacturing industries have been classified, for the years from 1919 to 1933, inclusive, and for the first 8 months of 1934. These estimates have been computed by multiplying the weighting factors of the several groups of industries (number employed or weekly pay roll in the index base period 1923-25) by the Bureau’s index numbers of employment or pay rolls (which have been adjusted to conform with census trends over the period (1919-31) and dividing by 100. Data are not available for all groups over the entire period shown. The totals for all manufacturing industries combined, however, have been adjusted to include all groups. The estimated total employment and weekly pay rolls for all manufacturing industries combined do not include the manufactured-gas industry (which is included in the Bureau’s electric light and power and manufactured-gas industry) or the motion-picture industry. T able 2 .—E S T IM A T E D N U M B E R OF W A G E E A R N E R S A N D W E E K L Y W A G E S IN A L L M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S C O M B IN E D A N D IN IN D U S T R Y G R O U P S — Y E A R L Y A V E R A G E S 1919 T O 1933, IN C L U S IV E , A N D M O N T H S , J A N U A R Y T O A U G U S T 1934, IN C L U S IV E Total manu facturing Year and month Iron and steel and their products Machinery, not includ Transpor tation ing trans portation equipment equipment Railroad repair shops Nonferrous metals and their prod ucts Employment 1919 average............................. 1920............................................ 1921.............................. ............. 1922............... ........................... 1923........ ................................... 1924........ ................................ . 1925.................................... . 1926........ ................................... 1927................................. .......... 1928............................................ 1929............................................ 1930........ — .............................. 1931............................................ 1932........................................... 1933..................................... — _ 1934: January.......................... February........................ M arch............................. A pril................................ M a y ................................ J u n e................................ July............... ................. August................. .......... 8,983,900 9,065,600 6,899,700 7,592,700 8,724,900 8,083,700 8,328,200 8,484,400 8,288,400 8,285,800 8,785,600 7,668,400 6,484,300 5,374,200 5,778,400 6,146,000 6,514,200 6,770,100 6,897,800 6,904,300 6,791,700 6,585,000 6,666,200 858,600 926,300 572,400 722,500 892,400 833,700 851,200 880,200 834,900 829,800 881,000 766,200 598,400 458,100 503,400 545,500 572,200 601,400 623,700 646,000 656,400 603,900 589,300 i Comparable data not available. 1,026,800 1,131,700 680,700 717,400 928,600 835,400 870,500 946,700 897,800 922,500 1,105,700 918,700 687,000 494,600 517,100 614,700 640,100 674,400 705,100 713,900 709,500 690,200 690,200 <9 (0 0) 606,200 524,500 559,600 558.600 495,100 541,900 583,200 451,800 373,800 315,700 305,600 401,200 477,300 526,300 558,400 560,100 535,900 494,800 469,400 2 Revised. <0 0) 0) (0 523,700 464,900 458,100 460,700 428,900 404,000 398,200 353,800 309,000 257,400 250,600 254,500 257,400 267,600 278,700 287.300 288,300 281,100 266,100 0) 0) 0) 0) (i) (i) (i) (i) (i) (i) 0) 209,000 164,200 175,200 190,200 200,400 212,200 217,300 219,900 214,500 2 206,600 207,400 10 T able 2 .—E S T IM A T E D N U M B E R OF W A G E E A R N E R S A N D W E E K L Y W A G E S IN A L L M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S C O M B IN E D A N D IN IN D U S T R Y G R O U P S — Y E A R L Y A V E R A G E S 1919 T O 1933, IN C L U S IV E , A N D M O N T H S , J A N U A R Y T O A U G U S T 1934, IN C L U S IV E —Continued Total manu facturing Year and month Iron and steel and their products Machinery, not includ Transpor ing trans tation portation equipment equipment Railroad repair shops Nonferrous metals and their prod ucts Wieekly pay rolls 1919 average.___ 192 0 1921 ............... 192 2 .......... . 192 3 . 192 4 192 5 ____ _ 192 6 192 7 192 8 192 9 ............ . 193 0 193 1 193 2 193 3 .......... . 1934: January___ February. _ M arch........ A pril______ M a y _______ June_______ July----------A ugust____ $198,145,000 ^23,937,000 $24, 534,000 0) 0) 238.300.000 30, 531,000 31.982.000 (0 0) 155.008.000 14.049.000 16.450.000 0) 0) 165, 406,000 17.400.000 16.982.000 0) 210, 065,000 25.442.000 24, 618,000 $18, 532.000 $14,856,000 195.376.000 23.834.000 22, 531,000 15, 636,000 12, 972, 000 204, 665,000 24, 680,000 23.843.000 17.478.000 12.847.000 211.061.000 25.875.000 26,310. 000 17.126.000 13,025. 000 200.980.000 24, 289. 000 25.095.000 15.450. 000 12.475.000 208.334.000 24.740.000 26, 334,000 17, 494,000 11.817.000 221.937.000 26, 568,000 31.761.000 18.136.000 12, 255,000 180.507.000 21.126.000 24.197.000 12.076.000 10.316.000 137, 256,000 13, 562,000 15.135.000 9.008.000 8.366.000 93. 757,000 7.164.000 8, 546,000 7,012, 000 5, 793,000 98,623,000 8.925.000 8,975,000 5.652.000 6, 799,000 109, 806,000 10.134.000 11.260.000 9.072.000 5, 710,000 123, 395,000 11.269.000 12.253.000 12.394.000 6.185.000 131.852.000 12, 650.000 13.199.000 14, 546,000 6.577.000 136.962.000 14.006.000 14.311.000 15.871.000 7.188.000 136, 575, 000 15,115, 000 14, 713,000 15.148.000 7, 297,000 131.839.000 15.436.000 14.571.000 13.444.000 7.297.000 122.809.000 11.737.000 13, 744,000 11, 258,000 6,931, 000 126.401.000 11.219.000 13, 673,000 12.033.000 6.578.000 Year and month Lumber and allied products Stone, clay, and glass products Textiles and their products Fabrics Wearing apparel Total 0) 8 8 (0 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) $4,622,000 2.865.000 3.039.000 3, 452,000 3.826.000 4.163.000 4.317.000 4.441.000 4.243.000 «3 ,928,000 3.899.000 Leather and its manu factures E m ploym ent 1919 average......... ............. . 1920 19211922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934: January-------- --------------February— ................... M arch.............................. A pril_______ ___________ M a y ........ ........... ............ June------------- --------------July----------------------------August......................... . 863,800 821,200 703,000 894,300 932,100 901,300 921,600 922,300 864,100 848,100 876, 500 699,400 516,900 377,800 406,100 418,800 432,600 445,400 453, 700 468, 400 459, 200 448, 200 450,000 302, 700 314, 500 253,000 299,600 351,400 346,400 352,700 363,500 349,800 334,900 328, 500 280, 800 222,800 156,000 157, 500 165,700 174, 400 182,500 193, 700 202,100 200,000 189,900 186,000 1,609,400 1, 612,400 1, 509, 400 1,585, 500 1,714,300 1, 545, 500 1, 627,400 1,628,000 1,694,400 1, 651, 300 1, 706,900 1,513,000 1,421,000 1, 250, 300 1, 432, 700 1, 437,100 1, 577, 300 1,629,400 1, 614, 700 1, 565, 900 1, 481,100 1, 399, 700 1, 437,100 349,600 318, 600 280,100 314, 600 344,800 311,700 3.14,200 312, 700 316,000 309,400 318, 600 295,100 272,800 255, 500 269,400 268, 200 292,100 299,900 298,600 295,700 283,700 289, 200 294,700 $6,397,000 $17,494,000 $10,121,000 $28, 440, 000 8, 239, 000 21.005.000 12,124, 000 34.115.000 5.907.000 17, 235, 000 10, 266, 000 28, 284, 000 6.442.000 17.747.000 10.438.000 28,962, 000 8, 726,000 21, 590,000 10.919.000 33, 511,000 9,804,000 29.712.000 8,926, 000 19.014.000 8,985, 000 20,497, 000 10, 284,000 31, 795,000 9, 257,000 20, 241, 000 10, 297, 000 31.731.000 $8,978,000 7.437.000 6.040.000 6.711.000 7.472.00 o 6 ,654,00n 6.831.00 6.909.00 1,052, 600 1,045, 300 994,300 1,054, 900 1,164, 400 1, 041,900 1,109,500 1,095, 700 1,119, 200 1, 062, 400 1, 095,900 950, 400 886, 700 794,100 952, 600 988, 400 1,065,800 1,087,900 1,070, 200 1, 049, 200 993,900 961,900 946, 400 507,800 519,400 473, 900 487,800 499,300 455, 800 466, 500 472, 800 501,400 513,100 536, 700 497, 700 472,000 401,800 418,100 385,900 442,800 471,300 474,100 449,000 423, 400 378, 300 427, 200 Weekly pay rolls $16, 549,000 20.358.000 13.161.000 15, 234, 000 18, 526,000 18, 223,000 18,824, 000 18.997.000 1919 average192 0 192 1 192 2 192 3 192 4 192 5 192 6 . i Comparable data not available. * Revised 11 . T a b le 2 — E S T IM A T E D N U M B E R OF W A G E E A R N E R S A N D W E E K L Y W A G E S IN A L L M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S C O M B IN E D A N D IN IN D U S T R Y G R O U P S — Y E A R L Y A V E R A G E S 1919 T O 1933, IN C L U S IV E , A N D M O N T H S , J A N U A R Y T O A U G U S T 1934, IN C L U S IV E —Continued Year and month Textiles and their products Lum ber and allied products Stone, clay, and glass products $17,916,000 17.454.000 18.062.000 13,464,000 8.641.000 4.656.000 4.900.000 5.075.000 5.650.000 5.909.000 6.168.000 6.409.000 6.279.000 5.853.000 6.205.000 $8.929,000 $21,135,000 $11,123,000 $33,817,000 8, 541,000 19.510.000 11.114.000 32.199.000 8.323.000 20, 251,000 11.476.000 33.321.000 9.680.000 27.115.000 6.828.000 16.167.000 4, 786,000 14.308.000 8.338.000 23.799.000 2, 588,000 10.367.000 5, 733,000 16.947.000 5.757.000 19.394.000 2.455.000 12.664.000 5.850.000 20, 526,000 2.655.000 13.647.000 2.956.000 15.948.000 7.473.000 24.676.000 8.414.000 26.164.000 3.081.000 16.457.000 3.445.000 16.152.000 7,866, 000 25, 277,000 3, 507,000 15, 256,000 7.039.000 23.472.000 3.445.000 13.626.000 6.377.000 21.033.000 3.205.000 13.117.000 5.716.000 19.798.000 3.098.000 13.178.000 7.297.000 21.571.000 Fabrics Wearing apparel Total Leather and its m anu factures Weekly pay rolls 192 7 - ......... 192 8 ____ 192 9 ____ 193 0 193 1 _____ 193 2 1983................... 1934: January.. February. M a rc h .. . A pril____ M a y ........ J u n e....... July......... A u gu st.- Year and month Foods and kindred products Tobacco manufac tures Paper and printing Chemicals and allied products $7,009,000 6.696.000 6.915.000 5.748.000 5.035.000 4.060.000 4.394.000 4.716.000 5.708.000 5.896.000 5.736.000 5.512.000 5.093.000 5.393.000 5.498.000 Rubber products E m ploym ent 1919 average____ 1 9 2 0 -..............192 1 192 2 1923.__________ 192 4 192 5 192 6 192 7 192 8 1929-........... 193 0 193 1 193 2 .......... 193 3 1934: January... February. M arch___ April_____ M a y _____ June_____ Ju ly_____ August. 733, 600 713,000 626,400 651,400 681,900 657,800 664,400 664,400 679,400 707,100 753, 500 731,100 650,500 577,100 631,000 628, 700 627,800 643,100 649, 500 665,400 702, 600 735,800 816,100 157,000 154,000 149,900 146,400 146, 300 136, 700 132,100 125, 700 129,300 125,600 116,100 108, 300 99,700 88, *600 82,700 75,400 85,900 89,100 89,500 84,800 86,400 84,600 90,100 191 9 ... 192 0 192 1 1922_____ ______ 1923____________ 1924___________ 192 5 192 6 ............ 192 7 192 8 1929...............— 193 0 193 1 ... 1932_ ............. — 1933___________ 1934: January... February. M arch___ A pril____ M a y -------June_____ J u ly_____ August___ $14,879,000 16, 698,000 14,333,000 14,142,000 15, 296,000 15,155, 000 15, 268,000 15, 503,000 15,838,000 16, 388,000 17, 344, 000 16, 593,000 14,173, 000 11,308,000 11,604,000 12,301,000 12, 352,000 12,522,000 12, 663,000 13, 296,000 14,008,000 14, 571,000 16, 022,000 $2,386,000 2, 772, 000 2, 325,000 2, 206,000 2, 317,000 2,213,000 2,147,000 2, 049,000 2, 025,000 1,916,000 1,819,000 1,617,000 1,336,000 1,052,000 944,000 886,000 1, 012,000 1,019,000 1,028,000 1,030,000 1,057,000 1,052,000 1,097,000 510,100 549,100 467,100 489,400 527,400 529, 200 537,100 553,600 553, 500 558,300 591,500 574,100 511,800 451, 700 458,400 490, 700 494,500 497, 600 505,100 509,300 503,000 496,000 498, 200 0) 0) 0) 0) 342,700 322, 200 334,200 355,100 346,700 342, 500 384,800 364, 700 316,800 279, 700 315,400 359, 200 368,300 375, 600 377,400 353, 500 348,100 350,800 356,000 (0 0) 0) 0) 137,800 123,200 141,800 141,200 142,000 149,200 149,100 115,5100 99, 200 87,800 99,300 110,100 113,600 117,000 120,900 119, 700 115,0C0 112, 700 108,400 0) 0) 0) 0) $8,499,000 8,013,000 8,444,000 9,055,000 8,978,000 8,997,000 10,068,000 9,334,000 7, 643,000 5,861,000 6,179,000 7,035,000 7,257,000 7,417,000 7, 683,000 7, 352,000 7,333,000 7,381,000 7,487,000 0) 0) 0) 0) $3,500,000 3,223,000 3, 676,000 3,707,000 3,810,000 4,069,00ft 3,986,000 2,934,000 2,165,000 1,555,000 1, 740,000 2,036,000 2,261,000 2,445,000 2, 546,000 2,438,000 2.306,000 2,147,00© 2,039,000 Weekly pay rolls 1 Comparable data not available. $10,873,000 14, 729,000 12, 259,000 12, 762,000 14,304,000 14, 797,000 15, 506,000 16,478,000 16, 501,000 16,691,000 17, 771,000 17,036,000 14,461,000 11,126,000 10, 299,000 11,045,000 11,297,000 11,550,000 11,847,000 11,981,000 11,728,000 11,491,000 11, 654,000 12 Index Numbers of Employment and Pay-Roll Totals in Manufacturing Industries G e n e r a l index numbers of factory employment and pay rolls by months, from January 1919 to August 1934, inclusive, together with average indexes for each of the years from 1919 to 1933, inclusive, and for the 8-month period, January to August 1934, inclusive, based on the 3-year average, 1923-25, as 100, are shown in the following table. A chart of these indexes also follows. T able 3 .—G E N E R A L IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y -R O L L T O T A L S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S B Y M O N T H S —J A N U A R Y 1919 to A U G U S T 1934, IN C L U S IV E [3-year average, 1923-25=100] Em ploym ent M onth 1919 January-------February___ M a r c h . . ___ A pril-----------M a y ............... June.......... . July_________ August--------September. _. October_____ N ovem b er.. . December— Average.. . 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 105.3 102.0 102.4 102.5 103.1 104.3 106.9 109.7 111.7 111.3 112. 6 114.4 114.9 113.7 116.0 114.5 112.0 111.1 108.5 108.8 107.5 103. 7 97.4 89.7 100.2 96.3 101.5 98. 1 101.7 98.8 99.9 98.7 96.8 98.1 93.8 98.0 91.0 97.8 92.1 99.5 94.4 101.5 95.3 102.2 94.8 101.8 96.1 101.5 100.5 98.2 95.0 100.8 101.5 99.7 96.5 102.9 102.1 100. 2 97.6 104.1 101.4 99.6 97.1 105.3 100.4 99.1 97.0 105.3 100.3 99.1 97.8 105.6 99.4 98.1 97.7 106.1 101 4 99.3 100. 1 107.9 103.4 100.5 102.2 109.0 103.1 99.6 102.6 107.7 101.4 97.4 101.7 103.6 100.0 96.1 101.2 99.8 81.0 82.6 83.2 82.1 81.9 81.0 79.8 81.2 83.4 84.1 84.2 83.3 82.5 84.6 85.9 85.8 87.9 89.8 88.2 91.4 94.5 97.0 99.0 100.5 100.7 102.5 104.6 105.0 105.3 106.0 104.9 105.2 105.7 104.5 103.2 101.4 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 97.3 97.4 96.9 96.3 94.8 92.9 89.5 88.8 89.6 87.7 84.6 82.3 79.6 80.3 80.7 80.7 80.1 78.4 77.0 77.1 77.4 74.4 71.8 71.0 68.7 69.5 68.4 66.1 63.4 61.2 58.9 60.1 63.3 64.4 63.4 62.1 60.2 61.1 58.8 59.9 62.6 66.9 71.5 76.4 80.0 79.6 76.2 74.4 73.3 77.7 80.8 82.3 82.4 81.0 78.6 79.5 ------ 107.2 108.2 82.3 90.6 104.1 96.5 99.4 101.2 98.9 98.9 104.8 91.5 77.4 64.1 69.0 179.5 Pay rolls January-------February___ M arch______ A pril________ M a y ________ June________ July_________ A ugust--------September. __ October ___ N o v e m b e r... December----Average. 95.3 89.6 90.0 89.2 90.0 92.0 94.8 99.9 104.7 102.2 106.7 114.0 117.2 115.5 123.7 120.9 122.4 124.2 119. 3 121.6 119.8 115.8 107.0 98.0 82.8 81.3 81.7 79.0 77.3 75.4 71.7 73.9 73.4 72.6 71.7 73.3 69.6 72.4 74.9 73.8 77.2 80.5 78.5 83.0 87.0 89.5 93.4 95.7 94.6 98.8 97.9 104.1 102.5 104.1 103.8 101.8 107.3 97.5 107.5 92.4 103.3 85.7 103.8 89.3 104.3 92.5 106.6 95.1 104.5 93.7 102.9 97.6 95.4 100.8 102.4 100.0 100.7 98.7 96.8 99.3 98.8 104.6 104.6 105.2 100.9 98.4 96.0 102.3 105.0 104.4 101.2 109.3 106.5 105.7 102.5 111.6 104.4 104.5 100.5 112. 6 103.1 104.0 101.3 112.9 103.3 102. 4 101.7 111.2 99.0 98.5 99.0 107.2 103.4 101.9 103.3 112.0 104.4 101.4 104.7 112.9 107.6 102.1 108.2 112.4 104.1 98.5 105.0 104.1 103. 5 99.5 105.6 100.7 95.9 98.8 98.8 97.7 95.4 92.3 84.3 83.3 84.1 82.2 76.8 75. 2 70.0 74.3 75.6 74.4 73.4 69.7 66.2 65.9 63.4 61.3 58.1 57.6 53.5 54.6 53.1 49.5 46.8 43.4 39.8 40.6 42.9 44.7 42.9 41.5 39.5 40.2 37.1 38.8 42.7 47.2 50.8 56.8 59.1 59.4 55.5 54.5 54.0 60.6 64.8 67.3 67.1 64.8 60.4 62.1 ____ 97.4 117.1 76.2 81.3 103.3 96.1 100.6 103.8 101.8 102.4 109.1 88.7 67.5 46.1 48.5 162.6 i Average for 8 months. For comparative purposes the Bureau has computed the group and general index numbers of employment and pay rolls for August 1934 based on the 12-month average for 1926 as 100. These are a con tinuation of the former series of indexes covering 89 industries and show some slight differences in percentage changes from the previous month when compared with those shown by the revised series. These differences are due to changes in method of construction and weighting factors and to the inclusion of the canning and preserving industry E m p lo y m e n t e P a y r o l l s mthe M a n u fa c tu rin g In d u stries 3 year average 1^23-1^2^=100 U .S.D epartm ent of Labor BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Washington Index Numbers Index Numbers 1H0 m 130- 130 Emploument 120- 120 1/ 0 - 110 100- 100 90- 90 80- so TO 70- 60 Payrolls - 60 50- 50 m - 40 30- 30 20- 20 10 - 10 0- 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 192) 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 0 14 in the revised series of indexes. These indexes on the 1926 base are presented in table 4, which follows. T able 4 .—I N D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S (B A S E D ON T H E 12-M O N TH A V E R A G E F O R 1925=100) IN 14 M A J O R M A N U F A C T U R IN G G R O U P S , 2 S U B G R O U P S , A N D A L L M A N U F A C T U R IN G C O M B IN E D , F O R A U G U S T 1934 Group Employment index Pay-roll index T otal manufacturing___________________________________ ____ _________ 73.6 55.8 Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery_________________ Machinery, not including transportation equipment________________________ Transportation equipment ________________________________________________ Railroad repair shops______________________________________________________ Nonferrous metals and their products______________________________________ Lum ber and allied products________________________________________________ Stone, clay, and glass products_____________________________________________ Textiles and their products_______ ________________________________________ Fabrics____________________ ____ _______________ _____________ _________ Wearing apparel*_____ __________________________ _ _________________ Leather and its manufactures _____________________________________________ Food and kindred products________________________________________________ Tobacco manufactures_______________________ ____ _________________________ Paper and printing________________________________________________________ Chemicals and allied products and petroleum refining______________________ R ubber products__________________________________________________________ 72.0 69.2 79.5 51.2 71. 2 46.6 52.9 78.8 82.5 70..1 86. 1 104.7 72.9 89.9 97.4 82.0 45.1 50.7 66.0 44.3 51.0 29.8 33.7 58.7 61.3 53.5 67.3 91.0 56.8 72. 7' 81.8 59.2 Employment in Nonmanufacturing Industries in August 1934 AINS in employment from July to August were shown in 9 of the 17 nonmanufacturing industries surveyed monthly by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics and increases in pay rolls were reported in 6. Data for the building-construction industry are not presented here, but are shown in detail under the section “ Building construction.” The most pronounced gains in employment and pay rolls (7 percent and 7.5 percent, respectively) were in the metalliferous-mining indus try. These gains were due in part to the resumption of operations in a number of plants which were shut down in July,, although increased employment was general throughout the industry. The crude-petroleum-producing industry reported a gain of 1.4 percent in employment over the month interval coupled with an increase of 2 percent in pay rolls. The gains in employment in the remaining 7 industries reporting increases were as follows: Electric light and power and manufactured gas, 0.7 percent; wholesale trade, 0.3 per cent; real estate, 0.3 percent; banks, 0.2 percent; bituminous-coal mining, 0.2 percent; insurance, 0.1 percent; telephone and telegraph, less than one-tenth of 1 percent. The most pronounced decrease in employment from July to August was shown in the anthracite-mining industry (7.6 percent) and was due largely to labor troubles. Keports from brokerage concerns con tinued to show declines in employment and pay rolls, employment in August being 1.9 percent below the level of the preceding month.. G 15 Employment in retail trade, based on reports received from 54,129 retail trade establishments employing 767,896 workers in August, showed a decline of 1.7 percent over the month interval. The decrease in employment in the general merchandise group (composed of department stores, variety stores, general merchandise stores, and mail-order houses) was 2.3 percent. The remaining 49,446 retail establishments showed a falling off of 1.3 percent from July to August. The laundry and the dyeing and cleaning industries reported seasonal losses of 1 percent and 2.4 percent, respectively, and the quarrying and nonmetallic-mining industry reported a decrease of 1.5 percent in employment. The decreases in employment in the remaining two industries, electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and mainte nance, and hotels, were 0.4 percent and 0.1 percent, respectively. In table 1 which follows are shown indexes of employment and pay rolls, per capita weekly earnings, average hours worked per week, and average hourly earnings in August 1934 for 13 of the nonmanufactur ing industries surveyed monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, together with percentage of changes from July 1934 and August 1933. Similar percentage changes in employment, pay rolls, and per capita weekly earnings, as well as average per capita weekly earnings, are likewise presented for banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate. Indexes of employment and pay rolls for these last-named industries are not available. 87896— 34------ 3 T a b l e 1 .— E M P L O Y M E N T , W E E K L Y P A Y R O LLS, P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S W O R K E D P E R W E E K , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U ST R IE S IN A U G U ST 1934, A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H J U L Y 1934 A N D A U G U ST 1933 Employment Industry Coal mining: A nthracite-................................................................ Bituminous............................................................... Metalliferous m ining............. ........................................ Quarrying and nonmetallic m in in g............................. Crude-petroleum producing-........... .......................... Public utilities: Telephone and telegraph_____ ______ _________ Electric light and power and manufactured gas. Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and maintenance................ ......... ........................... . . Trade: Wholesale........................ .................................. ....... Retail...................................... ................................. Hotels (cash payments o n l y ) .................................. L au n d ries........................................................................ Dyeing and cleaning...................................................... Banks................................................. .................... ......... Brokerage........ ........ ........................................... ........... Insurance______________ ____________ _____________ Real estate............... ............................................. .......... Index August 1934 (aver age 1929 =100) Per capita weekly earnings1 Pay roll Percentage Index change from— August 1934 (aver age July August 1929 1934 1933 •=100) Average hours worked per week 1 Average hourly earnings1 Percentage change from— Percentage change from— Percentage change from— Percentage change from - July 1934 July 1934 July 1934 July 1934 August 1933 Aver age in August 1934 August 1933 Aver age in August 1934 August 1933 Aver age in August August 1934 1933 49.5 77.1 42.7 54.7 82.7 - 7 .6 + .2 + 7.0 - 1 .5 + 1 .4 + 3.8 +12.4 +16.0 + 6.0 +36.0 39.7 50.4 27.0 34.0 61.2 - 6 .1 + 1 .4 + 7 .5 - 2 .8 + 2 .0 -1 4 .8 +16.4 +23.3 +13.7 +44.0 $23.35 16.75 20.43 16.05 28.43 + 1 .7 + 1.1 + .5 - 1 .4 + .6 -1 7 .9 + 3.6 + 6 .2 + 7.4 + 5 .9 27.7 23.4 36.0 33.7 35.1 + 0 .7 + 1 .7 + 1.4 -.6 + .6 -2 1 .3 -3 1 .2 - 6 .8 -1 1 .3 -1 7 .4 Cents 83.0 71.8 55.7 47.9 82.4 + 0.1 -.3 -.5 - 1 .0 (2 ) + 0 .2 +45.2 +12. 5 +20.3 +25.3 71.0 85.6 + (3) + 4.3 + 9.6 74.0 79.9 + 2.3 - 1 .5 +12.0 +12.7 27.60 29.64 + 2 .3 - 2 .1 + 7 .3 + 2 .8 39.0 38.3 + 2 .4 + .3 + 2.6 - 7 .9 71.9 77.2 + .1 - 2 .6 + 5 .2 +12.5 + -7 72.8 - .4 + 4.7 62.8 - 1 .6 + 7 .9 27.52 - 1 .3 + 3.1 44.9 - 1 .5 - 3 .9 60.7 + .2 +11.8 84.3 81.8 86.2 83.7 78.6 (5 ) (5 ) (fi) (5 ) + .3 - 1 .7 + 5.8 + 4.7 +11.8 + 3.2 + 2.3 + 3.5 -2 7 .1 + 1.4 + 7.3 66.4 67.3 64.5 66.6 56.7 (6 ) - 1 .8 - 3 .2 - 1 .6 - 2 .4 - 3 .8 +. 3 - 2 .6 - 1 .5 + .3 + 9 .2 + 7.3 +19.4 +10.4 +13.4 + 4 .2 -2 5 .1 + 4 .4 + 8 .6 26.47 20.17 12.95 15.08 17.67 31.47 35.18 34.61 21.38 - 2 .1 - 1 .5 - 1 .4 - 1 .4 - 1 .5 + .1 -.7 - 1 .6 + 3 .3 + 2 .5 + 6 .9 + 7 .0 +10.8 +. 6 + 2 .7 + 3 .0 + 1 .3 40.7 40.1 46.7 39.7 40.2 (5 ) -.7 -.8 (2 ) -.8 (2 ) (5 ) (5 ) (8 ) (5 ) - 4 .1 - 2 .5 - 6 .2 -.2 -.7 (5 ) 64.3 52.7 27.1 37.5 43.9 (5 ) (5 ) (5 ) (5 ) - 1 .7 -.7 - 1 .1 -.3 -5 (6 ) (5 ) (6 ) (5 ) + 7.9 + 5 .0 +14.7 + 7 .3 +11.3 (5 ) (5 ) (5 ) (5 ) - .1 - 1 .0 - 2 .4 + .2 - 1 .9 + .1 + .3 (5 ) (5 ) (5 ) + 3 (5 ) (5 ) (5 ) (5 ) (5 ) (5 ) 1 Per capita weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished b y all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data furnished b y a smaller number of establishments as some firms do not report man-hour information. Percentage changes over year computed from indexes. 3 N o change. 3 Less than Mo of 1 percent. 4 The additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed. 5 N ot available. 17 Indexes of Employment and Pay-Roll Totals for Nonmanufacturing Industries I n d e x numbers of employment and pay-roll totals for 13 nonmanu facturing industries are presented in table 2. These index numbers show the variation in employment and pay rolls in these industries, by months, from January 1931 through August 1934. A revision of the indexes, similar to that made for the manufactur ing industries, was made for the laundry and the dyeing and clean ing industries in March 1934. The indexes of employment and pay rolls in these industries were adjusted to conform with the trends shown by the 1929 and 1931 census reports and this new series will be continued until further adjustments, if necessary, are made when 1933 census data become available. T able 3.—IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S F O R N O N M A N U F A C T U B IN G IN D U S T R IE S , J A N U A R Y 1931 T O A U G U S T 1934 [12-month average, 1929=100] Anthracite mining M onth Employment 1931 1932 1933 1934 January-------------February-........ . M arch__________ April____________ M a y ____________ June............... ....... J u ly-------------------August__________ September______ October_________ N ovem ber______ December......... . . Average___ 90.6 89.5 82.0 85.2 80.3 76.1 65.1 67.3 80.0 86.8 83.5 79.8 5 76.2 71.2 73.7 70.1 66.9 53.0 44.5 49.2 55. 63. 62.7 62.3 62.5 Bituminous-coal mining Pay rolls Employment 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 52.5 64.1 58.7 63.2 54. 67.5 51.6 58.2 43.2 63.8 39.5 57.5 43.8 53. 47.7 49.5 56. 56.9 61.0 54.5 51.71 59.7 75.4 61.5 57.3 61.2 72.0 58.0 37.4 34.5 41.4 47.0 66.7 51.0 56.2 53.7 43.2 73.2 56.8 65.8 48. 82.4 37.4 51.7 30.0 64.0 34.3 53.3 38.2 42. 46.6 39.7 60.7 61.6 47. 44.3 45.81 59.1 Metalliferous mining January_________ February________ M arch __________ A pril____ _______ M a y ...................... June____________ J uly-----------------August__________ September.......... . O ctober................ N ovem ber.......... . December_______ Average----- 68.3 65.3 63.5 63.9 62.4 60.0 56.2 55.8 55.5 53.8 52.8 51.2 59.1 49.3 46.9 45.0 43.3 38.3 32.2 29.5 28.6 29.3 30.5 31.9 33.3 32.4 39.6 31.5 40.3 30.0 39.8 29.4 41.7 30.0 40.8 31.5 41.0 33.0 39.9 36.8 42.7 38.9 40.7 40.6 40.6 36.5 34.6 1 40.7 ____ ____ ____ ....... 55.0 54.6 52.8 51.4 49.3 46.1 41.3 40.2 40.0 37.4 35.1 34.3 29.7 27.8 26.5 25.0 23.8 20.1 16.9 16.5 17.0 18.0 18.7 18.7 44.8 21.6 93.9 91.5 88.8 85.9 82.4 78.4 76.4 77.0 80.4 81.3 81.1 81.2 1. 2 57.2 73.2 57.0 72.4 56.5 72.8 56.8 74.0 56.9 76.7 58.0 80.0 59.5 81.6 60.8 82.7 66.2 __________ 70.6 __________ 72.2 __________ 75.0 ---------------65.7 55.3 62.2 1 76.7 74.8 73.2 72.2 69.8 67.8 65.0 65.3 62.4 61.2 60.4 57.6 58.2 54.9 54.4 51.4 54.9 54.5 54.2 55.4 57.4 56.2 56.8 56.5 57.2 See footnotes at end of table. 71.5 70.0 73.2 66.3 64.7 62.7 59.2 56.3 55.2 54.4 52.0 54.9 46.5 46.9 43.2 44.5 47.1 44.8 44.6 42.9 41.9 42.5 42.4 41.7 61.7 44.1 80.8 77.4 75.2 65.5 62.6 60.5 58.6 59.4 62.4 67.0 69.4 70.0 67. 4 75.8 76.1 77.8 72.2 76.7 76.7 77.0 68.6 77.1 71.8 68.0 74.8 75.4 67. 9 1 76.2 67.6 63.7 61.2 61.3 63.2 73.3 68.3 65.2 58. 54.4 52.4 50.4 50.6 53.6 56.2 54. 52.3 57. 5 47.0 47.0 46.8 33.9 30.7 27.3 24.4 26.4 30.2 37.8 38.0 37.7 35. 6 36.1 37.2 30.7 26.6 26/9 29.2 33.6 43.3 44.1 44.1 50.7 50. 37.8 51.3 54.6 58.9 51.4 54.4 55.1 49.7 50.4 1 53.2 Quarrying and nonmetallic mining 64.4 66.6 70.0 76.1 75.0 72.3 71.0 68.9 66.6 64.5 59.3 53.9 20.6 1 26.1 67.4 18.1 17.8 17.4 16.4 17.0 18.3 19.0 21.9 23.9 25.9 25.6 26.2 25.4 26.0 25.9 27.2 25.6 26.7 25.1 27.0 ____ ____ ....... Crude-petroleum producing J an u a ry ........... . February..... ......... M arch____ ______ April____________ M a y . .................... June....................... J u ly__................. . August........... ....... September.......... . October............. N ovem ber............ December............. Average___ Pay rolls 39.9 53.0 41.7 50.5 42.5 52.5 40.1 53.4 41.6 56.4 40.6 56.9 42.2 60.0 42.5 61.2 44.4 __________ 50.1 __________ 50.3 __________ 53.2 ---------------44.1 1 55.5 48.9 47.4 46.0 48.6 50.6 49.5 49.5 51.1 52.4 52.4 49.4 42.3 49.0 35.1 34.8 35.1 39.3 43.4 47.3 49.5 51.6 52.6 53.2 51.1 45.3 44.9 39.7 38.8 42.0 48.7 54.3 56.6 55.6 54.7 50.4 54.4 58.2 62.6 62.3 60.1 57.3 55.1 51.2 48.7 43.3 36.9 1 48.8 53.4 ____ ____ ____ ------ 30.2 29.6 28.7 30.0 32.3 30.0 29.1 29.7 30.5 30.1 27.1 22.1 18.1 17.4 17.8 20.2 23.8 27.5 28.4 29.9 29.3 31.2 28.3 24.4 21.3 21.0 24.1 29.9 35.0 37.0 35.0 34.0 ____ ____ ____ ....... 29.1 24.7 1 29.7 Telephone and telegraph 90.5 89.2 88.6 88.1 87.4 86.9 86.6 85.9 85.0 84.1 83.5 83.1 86.6 83.0 82.0 81.7 81.2 80.6 79.9 79.1 78.1 77.4 76.2 75.5 74.8 79.1 74.6 70.2 73.9 69.8 73.2 70.0 72.3 70.2 70.1 70.2 69.2 70.4 68.5 71.0 68.1 71.0 68.3 __________ 68.7 __________ 68.9 __________ 69.4 ---------------70.4 1 70.4 96. 3 94. 8 97. 9 95. 0 94. 1 95. 0 93. 3 92. 3 92. 1 91. 6 89. 7 92. 7 93.7 89.1 89.6 88.2 83.4 82.8 82.1 79.6 79.1 75.9 75.7 74.3 73.5 81.1 71. 7 69. 0 71. 9 67. 9 71. 6 70. 4 67. 8 68. 8 68. 5 71. 4 66. 6 71. 3 66. 7 72.3 66. 1 74. 0 64. 6 _______ 67. 0 67. 7 67. 7 ------------ 68.2 1 70.6 18 T able 2 .—I N D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S F O R N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S , J A N U A R Y 1931 T O A U G U S T 1934— Continued Electric light and po ver and manufactured gas M onth Employment Pay rolls Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and m aintenance2 Em ploym ent Pay rolls 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 January_________ F eb ru a ry ......... . M arch__________ A pril........... .......... M a y ____________ June------- -----------July__ ~ ........ ....... August--------------September______ October_________ N ovem ber_______ December............. Average— 99.2 97.8 96.7 97.1 97.6 97.2 96.7 95.9 94.7 92.7 91.3 90.3 89.3 87.2 85.5 84.8 84.0 83.2 82.3 81.5 81.0 79.9 79.1 78.4 82.2 81.2 81.7 82.4 83.1 84.0 85.0 85.6 ____ 77.7 77.4 76.9 76.9 76.9 77.3 77.5 78.1 80.3 82.2 82.6 81.8 98.6 99.7 102.4 97.6 98.7 98.3 97.4 96.2 94.3 93.2 93.3 ........ 91.2 88.4 86.0 85.4 82.4 84.2 80.5 78.7 76.7 74.7 74.4 73.2 73.2 73.0 71.6 71.9 69.4 69.9 69.9 70.0 70.9 71.8 76.2 74.5 74.4 73.8 74.4 75.6 76.8 77.6 77.8 81.1 79.9 ____ 86.9 86.6 86.4 86.8 85.9 85.3 85.6 84.8 84.0 82.7 81.5 ------- 79.9 79.5 78.9 77.6 78.0 76.9 76.5 75.6 74.1 73.5 72. 3 71.8 71.4 Average— 75. 4 74.8 73.6 71.8 72.2 70.2 66.4 63.8 62.5 61. 5 61.7 61.9 60.9 60.6 59.4 58.1 58.2 58.0 57.4 58.2 57.8 59.8 59.4 59.6 59.2 60.1 62.2 62.9 63.0 63.2 63.8 62.8 ------- 89.5 88.2 87.4 87.4 87.1 87. 1 86.8 86. 5 86.1 85.2 84. 1 83.7 81.8 80.9 79.8 78.9 77.9 77.0 76.6 76.4 77.1 77.8 77. 6 77.0 82.4 83.0 83.6 83 9 84.6 84.1 84.0 84.3 ____ 87.5 88.4 89.1 85.2 84.7 84.1 83.3 82.1 81.4 79.9 79. 7 ........ 77.8 75.3 74.1 73.1 73.3 74.0 75.7 76.9 79.7 82.1 83.5 83.4 83.3 74. 1 72.5 71.3 68.9 69.7 66.2 64.7 63.2 63.1 63.9 63.3 62.6 Retail trade 61.7 58.6 57.1 56.0 57.4 57.3 59.1 60.8 62.3 66.0 64.1 64.5 63.9 64.6 65. 7 66.8 66.3 66.5 67.6 66.4 ____ ____ 90.0 87.1 87.8 90.1 89.9 89.1 83.9 81.8 86.6 89.8 90.9 ........ 106.2 84.3 76.9 80.5 73.4 81.4 71.4 81.6 78.6 80.9 77.0 79.4 78.3 74.6 74.6 72.6 78.1 77.8 86.0 81.3 89.6 81. 7 91.6 95.2 105.4 89.4 86.7 87.5 88.3 88.0 87.6 83.3 80.3 83.5 84.6 85.4 ........ 94.1 84.6 83.8 87.2 88.2 88.8 88.2 83.3 81.8 ____ ____ 78.0 73.7 73.4 72.7 71.1 68.2 63.3 60.7 64.6 67.1 66.9 73.6 62.7 58.4 55.1 60.4 59.5 60.5 58.1 62.7 69.2 72.3 72.6 80.3 68.8 67.7 69.5 71.5 71.8 71.6 69.5 67.3 ____ ____ 86.6 78.2 77.9 ! 83. 7 83.6 67.0 60.4 166.0 89.4 80.9 81.7 185.7 86.6 69.4 64.3 169.7 Laundries3 January.. ............. February________ M arch................. . April_____ _____ M a y ...................... June........ ............. July— ............... . August__________ September. ______ O c t o b e r .____ _ N ovem ber______ December----------Average___ 85.6 87.1 88.1 86.6 85.1 84.8 83.3 81.9 81.2 79.0 79.7 ------- 77.8 70.5 71.0 71.7 72.2 72.6 73.2 73.1 72.8 ____ 95.6 83.0 78.8 183.2 96.7 79.8 72.0 177.1 84.7 75.5 70.0 172.1 83.4 68.0 58.9 162.2 Wholesale trade January................. February. ............ M arch ................... A pril...................... M a y ....................... June..................... . July....................... August................ September........ . October............. _. N ovem ber______ December----------- 70.6 70.4 69.8 69.5 69.1 69.3 69.4 69.5 69.7 70.6 71.0 70.8 94.3 93.7 93.2 94.3 94.1 94.8 95.6 94.0 93.0 91.8 89.8 88.8 88.2 86.3 85.4 85.4 84.8 84.4 83.6 82.2 81.9 80. 7 79.4 79.1 78.6 78.5 77.5 78.4 76.1 79.2 76.5 80.5 76.6 82.1 79.2 84.0 79.5 84.6 81.1 83.7 82; 6 ____ 81. 3 78.4 78.4 ------93.1 83.5 78.8 181.4 90.7 89.6 89.6 90.9 90.5 91.2 91.5 88.6 88.0 85.6 82.6 81.0 88.3 Dyeing and cleaning 3 80.0 76.7 75.0 74.7 73.9 71.8 69.4 66.9 65.8 64.1 61.9 61.4 70.1 60.7 61.7 58.1 61.7 55.4 62.7 56.6 64.4 57.1 66.9 59.4 68.3 58.7 68.2 60.3 66.6 63.5 ____ 62. 5 60.7 61.1 ........ 59.5 165.1 75.8 74.4 74.4 76.9 78.0 78.6 76.1 73.4 76.9 76.0 72.0 69.5 85.6 75.2 82.1 80.7 81.3 88.4 89.3 91.4 91.1 86.4 88.0 87.0 83.2 78.4 67.4 68.1 65.6 68.1 65.8 72.4 74.9 79.9 75.7 84.3 79.1 84.9 76.6 80.5 76.8 78.6 81.9 ____ 81.6 76.1 70.5 ------74.3 177.1 73.7 71.2 71.7 81.9 82.1 84.5 81.8 75.9 78.3 77.2 70.8 64.4 62.4 59.0 58.5 62.5 63.8 62.4 56.9 53.4 57.9 55.8 49.6 45.9 44.2 40.2 38.9 51.7 51.0 53.7 50.0 50.0 57.1 57. 4 52.5 47.3 46.8 46.3 51.7 60.8 65.1 64.1 58.9 56.7 ------76.1 57.3 49.5 156.3 Hotels January___ _ F e b r u a r y .__ ___ M arch__________ A pril................. M a y ____________ J u n e . . __ ___ __ July__________ __ August__________ September _ . October_________ Novem ber December____ Average___ 91.0 93.7 93.4 89.9 87.7 85.4 85.2 83.8 81.9 79.7 77.1 75.4 85.4 91. 7 79.0 74.9 185.5 95.0 96.8 96.8 95. 9 92. 5 91.6 93.3 92.8 90.6 87.4 84.9 83.1 83.2 84.3 84.0 82. 7 80.1 78.0 78.4 77.6 77.0 75.4 74.3 73.2 73.8 73.8 72. 4 71.9 71.9 73.6 75.6 77.1 78.7 77.0 75.8 77.6 81.5 84.8 86.4 86.6 85.7 86.2 86.3 86.2 55.7 60.8 55.9 65.2 53.5 66.6 51.7 66.5 51.8 65.9 52.3 66.2 53.3 65.6 54.0 64.5 55.6 56.2 55.2 57.6 64.5 54.4 165.1 73.9 73.9 72.4 69.6 67.0 63.8 61.8 59.6 59.1 58.6 57.5 56.6 1 Average for 8 months. * N ot including electric-railroad car building and repairing; see transportation equipment and railroad repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 1. * Revised to conform with average shown b y 1931 Census of Manufactures, 19 Employment in Building Construction in August 1934 T HE percentages of change in employment, pay rolls, and manhours in building construction in August as compared with July, were as follows: Percent Total employment________________________________________ Total pay rolls___________________________________________ Total man-hours worked__________________________________ Average weekly earnings__________________________________ Average hours per week per man__________________________ Average hourly earnings__________________________________ +1. 2 +. 3 +. 3 —. 9 — 1. 7 +1. 4 The following table is based on returns made by 10,949 firms en gaged in public and private building-construction projects not aided by Public Works Administration funds. These reports include all trades, from excavation through painting and interior decoration, which are engaged in erecting, altering, or repairing buildings. Work on roads, bridges, docks, etc., is omitted. The reports cover building operations in various localities in 34 States and the District of Co lumbia. For purposes of comparison in this study, all reports were reduced Ao a 1-week basis if not originally so reported. In August the weekly pay roll for 83,533 workers amounted to $1,926,461 as compared with $1,920,720 earned by 82,523 workers em ployed by the identical firms in July. In August the average weekly earnings were $23.06 as compared with $23.27 for July. These are per capita weekly earnings, computed b y dividing the total amount of the weekly pay roll by the total number of employees— part time as well as full time. Reports from 10,479 firms— 95.7 percent of the 10,949 cooperating firms— gave the man-hours worked by the employees, namely, 2,240,970 in August as compared with 2,233,912 in July. The average hours per week per man— 29 in August and 29.5 in July— were computed by dividing the number of man-hours by the number of workers employed by those firms which reported manhours. The average hourly earnings— 79.7 in August and 78.6 cents in July— were computed by dividing the pay roll of those firms which reported man-hours, by the number of man-hours. 20 E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A V E R A G E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S P E R W E E K P E R M A N , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN T H E B U IL D IN G -C O N ST R U C T IO N I N D U S T R Y IN A U G U S T 1934, A N D P E R C E N T A G E S OF C H A N G E F R O M J U L Y 1934 [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State bureaus] All localities-............ 10,949 83,533 Alabama: Birm ingham ... 91 California: Los Angeles_________ San Francisco-Oak la n d -____ __________ Other localities______ 27 26 -4 -8 954 +. 5 289 +29.6 Percentage change from July 1934 Average hourly earnings 1 August 1934 Percentage change from July 1934 Number August 1934 Average hours per week per man 1 + 0.3 $23.06 - 0 .9 29.0 -1 .7 Cents 79.7 + 1 .4 18.11 + 4 .4 29.4 + 7 .7 61.7 - 2 . 5 22.28 9,999 +48.3 -2 .5 80.8 -7 .2 72.1 + 5.1 21,687 + 11.7 5,400 +45.2 22.78 +11.1 18.69 +12.1 25.7 24.6 + 2 .0 + 8 .8 88.8 + 8 .9 76.0 + 8.1 28,719 -7 .2 72 2,810 + .7 50,806 + 4-4 21.99 + 8 .6 28.0 - 8 .1 78.7 + 7.1 487 - 9 ,5 10,179 -1 .0 20.90 + 9 .4 25.0 + 5 .0 83.6 + 4 .2 466 -1 1 .7 113 253 1,046 + 1 .5 983 + 7 .8 167 10,461 -1 3 .0 23,162 - 3 .1 24,478 + 6 .4 22.45 22.14 24.90 -1 .4 -4 .5 - 1 .3 31.0 31.4 34.5 (2 ) -4 .3 -.9 73.3 - 1 . 2 70.6 (a ) 72.3 - . 6 533 2,495 Colorado: Denver_______ 212 Connecticut: Bridgeport................... Hartford....... ................ N ew H aven................. The State.................. 552 +41.9 19 1,067 The State.......... ....... + 1 .2 $1,926,461 Percentage change from July 1934 g o © & B 3 Average weekly earnings Amount August j 1934 C O Percentage change from July 1934 Locality Number August 1934 o ft Pay rolls Amount August 1934 Employment Percentage change from July 1934 be fl -.4 + 1 .0 58,101 -1 .4 23.29 - 2 .3 32.5 - 2 .1 71.8 Delaware: W ilm ington. __ District of Columbia.......... 100 1,012 +12.7 397 4, 361 + 4.1 19, 288 120, 506 + 8 .4 + 6 .5 19. 06 27.63 - 3 .8 + 2.3 29.2 31.0 -4 .6 - 1 .6 65.4 + 1 .1 88.4 + 4 .2 Florida: Jacksonville................. M iam i_______________ 209 +18.8 47 -.2 70 1,022 3,333 +13.4 20,063 + 8 .6 15.95 19. 63 -4 .4 + 8 .8 26.5 30.1 - 4 .7 + 6 .7 60.3 + .3 65.2 + 1 .9 117 1,231 + 2 .6 23,396 + 9 .3 19.01 + 6 .6 29.5 + 5 .0 64.4 + 1 .6 970 + .6 15,564 + 2 .4 16.05 + 1 .8 27.0 -3 .6 58.9 + 5 .0 189 2,455 -1 5 .2 98 1,504 - 9 .0 64,786 -1 9 .5 82,994 - 7 .4 26.87 21.94 - 5 .1 + 1 .8 (3 ) (3) (3 ) (3 ) (3 ) (3) (3 ) (3 ) The State.................. 282 8,959 -1 2 .9 97, 780 -1 5 .8 24.69 - 8 .2 (3) (3 ) (8 ) (3 ) Indiana: Evansville............... __ Fort W ayne_________ Indianapolis_________ South B end_________ 281 +12.4 63 209 -1 4 .0 79 154 1,077 +13.1 197 -1 2 .1 37 4,821 3, 720 23, 642 3, 739 +12.9 -1 7 .8 +19.2 -2 9 .7 + .5 17.16 17.80 - 4 .5 21.95 + 5 .4 18. 98 -2 0 .0 23.5 24.3 29.5 27.3 + 4 .0 -2 .8 -1 .0 + 5 .0 72.9 73.2 74.4 70.4 333 1,764 35,922 + 5 .8 20. 36 27.7 + .7 The State.................. Georgia: Atlanta................ 139 Illinois: Chicago......................... Other localities______ The S tate........... . + 5 .7 Iowa: Des M oines_______ Kansas: W ichita____ K entucky: Louisville Louisiana: N ew Orleans.. Maine: Portland........ ....... M aryland: Baltimore___ Massachusetts: All locali ties____________________ 683 4,911 Michigan: D etroit...... .......... ....... F lint________________ Grand Rapids_______ 480 3,396 + 1.1 49 188 -2 6 .6 92 286 -2 2 .7 -.9 77, 304 3, 562 -3 5 .2 4,982 -2 5 .2 621 3,870 85,848 The State.............. . 610 -2 0 .3 95 260 -.8 64 713 - 5 .4 139 109 1, 099 +34.4 370 - 7 .7 86 107 1,215 - 1 .2 See footnotes at end of table. -.7 - 2 .9 12, 580 -3 7 .5 4, 507 - 5 .4 13,963 - 6 .6 19,490 +34.8 8, 233 - 4 .9 28,181 - 8 . 0 128,824 - 8 .9 - 4 .8 + .1 - 3 .6 -1 .9 + 6 .3 - 6 .1 73.7 + 2 .5 -1 1 .2 -.9 + 1 .4 + 3 .8 -. 1 + S .S 20. 62 -2 1 .6 17.33 - 4 . 7 19. 58 - 1 .3 +. 3 17. 73 22. 25 + 3.1 19.08 - 6 .9 27.8 -1 3 .1 27.8 - 3 . 5 30.4 - 2 .6 28.3 - 3 .4 31.6 + 2 .9 82.8 + 1 .8 73.9 62.8 64.6 62.7 70.3 62.1 25.11 81.0 -4 .6 80.9 + 1 .4 22. 76 - 1 .9 18.95 -1 1 .8 17.42 - 3 .3 30.6 -.6 26.2 -1 7 .1 27.8 - 5 .1 74.5 - 1 .1 72.3 + 6 .5 62.6 + 1 .8 22.18 30.2 73.6 -8 .8 - 1 .9 - 1 .6 (2 ) 21 E M P L O Y M E N T P A Y R O L L S , A V E R A G E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S P E R W E E K P E R M A N , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN T H E B U IL D IN G -C O N S T R U C T IO N I N D U S T R Y IN A U G U S T 1934, A N D P E R C E N T A G E S OF C H A N G E F R O M J U L Y 1934—Continued The State............ . Nebraska: Omaha............. Average hours per week per man * Percentage change from July 1934 Percentage change from July 1934 Percentage change from July 1934 Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings t -3 .2 60,285 - 2 .8 22.85 + .4 32.1 +L3 285 1,649 586 2,691 + 8 .6 + 5 .6 40,596 72,474 + 6 .5 + 7 .5 24.62 26.93 - 1 .9 + 1 .8 27.9 25.6 - 1 .1 - 1 .5 89.0 - . 7 104.9 + 3 .0 871 4,340 + 6 .7 113,070 + 7.1 26.05 + .4 26.5 - 1 .1 98.6 + 1 .5 14,860 -2 7 .0 742 -2 3 .1 161 ========= = = = _ i— TTT TT---- 20.03 """" - 5 .0 28.7 ...- ===== - 4 .7 — 69.8 . _ Percentage change from July 1934 420 2,638 30.1 +15.8 31.1 - 1 . 3 34.2 + 3 .3 August 1934 $3,316 +19.3 $21.12 +10.2 37,373 -1 1 .0 23.36 - 1 .6 19,596 +13.6 22.24 + 4 .6 Number August 1934 + 8 .3 -9 .6 + 8 .6 Amount August 1934 157 53 210 1,600 881 157 Number August 1934 Amount August 1934 The S ta te .......... . Missouri: Kansas C ity *________ St. Louis................. . Pay rolls Percentage change from July 1934 Minnesota: D uluth.................. . Minneapolis_________ St. Paul_____________ Number of firms reporting Locality Employment Cents 70.6 - 3 . 4 75.0 - . 4 65.0 + 1 .1 71.2 -.7 -.3 N ew York: N ew York C ity ______ Other localities............ 476 7,961 852 8,958 + 8 .3 + 8 .4 246,889 207, 174 + 8 .2 + 7 .5 80.95 28.18 -.1 -.8 28.7 29.6 5 + .8 108.0 - . 4 - 2 . 6 78.0 + 1 .7 The S ta te................. 828 16,919 + 6 .0 458, 568 + 5.1 26.81 -.8 29.2 - 1.0 91.9 +■ A 49 338 - 8 .6 5,553 -1 7 .6 16.43 - 9 .8 29.5 - 8 .7 55.8 -.9 88 435 592 135 88 299 1,595 2,368 438 426 + 2 .0 + .3 - 5 .2 - 5 .2 + 7 .8 5,965 - 9 . 5 36, 756 + 1 .2 63, 757 - 7 . 0 9,004 - 5 .3 10, 540 +23.4 1,338 5,126 -2 .1 N orth Carolina: Char lotte................................. . Ohio: A kron.......................... . Cincinnati #............ . Cleveland................. D ayton______________ Youngstown.............. The State_________ Oklahoma: Oklahoma C ity......... . Tulsa________________ 99 51 556 +23.8 286 - 2 .4 The State.................. 150 842 +13.5 19.95 -1 1 .4 23.04 + .8 26.92 - 1 .9 20. 56 -. 1 24.74 +14.4 26.0 -1 1 .6 76.7 + .4 -.4 27.9 82.6 + 1 .0 26.8 - 3 .9 100.5 + 1 .8 28.2 + 1 .8 73.0 - 1 . 6 28.5 + 4 .8 86.7 + 9 .2 - 2 .7 24. 58 -.6 27.3 -2 .2 89.8 + 1 .4 10,997 +23.8 5, 603 - 3 .5 19.78 19. 59 (2 ) - 1 .2 30.1 30.2 + 6 .7 + 3 .1 66.0 - 5 . 6 66.5 - 2 . 4 126,022 16,600 +13.0 19. 71 -.5 30.2 + 5 .6 66.2 - 4 . 3 Oregon: Portland..... ........ 179 1,015 + 8 .2 20,246 + 7 .8 19. 95 -.3 24.4 - 3 .6 82.6 + 4 .0 P ennsylvania:6 Erie area______ _____ Philadelphia area____ Pittsburgh area______ Reading area.......... . Scranton area________ Other areas.................. 491 + 24.8 25 m 8,479 + 2 .6 231 1,721 + 3 .4 281 - 5 .7 44 201 - 4 . 8 33 297 2,925 + 6 .2 5,089 70,598 46,748 5,680 4,786 65,586 + 5 .8 + 2.1 + 1 .8 +. 8 + 1 .7 + 7 .7 10.86 -1 4 .9 20.29 4 27.16 - 2 .0 20.04 + 6 .9 28. 81 + 6 .8 18.99 + 1 .3 13.6 -1 7 .6 27.7 - 1 . 4 28.7 - 4 . 0 29.9 +4.% 82.4 + 5 .5 29.1 + .7 69.5 + 2 .4 74.8 + . 5 95.7 + 1 .6 67.1 + 2 .6 73.6 + .8 64.7 + .8 188,882 The State_________ R hode Island: Providence. 1,081 9,098 Tennessee: C h a tta n oog a.............. Knoxville____________ M em phis......... ............ Nashville____________ The State__________ 34 42 72 83 183 + 5 .8 396 +36.1 363 + 6 .8 763 +10.4 231 1,705 +14.0 See footnotes at end of table. +14 242 1,395 -3 9 .8 + 8 .6 20.71 -.8 27.9 -1 .8 74.9 30,021 -4 0 .5 21.52 - 1 .1 31.2 - 7 .4 69.1 + 6 .8 2,651 +. 9 5,773 +41.0 6,158 - 4 . 4 12,162 + 6 .7 14.49 - 4 .5 14. 58 + 3 .6 16.96 - 1 0 .5 15. 94 - 3 . 4 23.8 24.6 26.2 25.9 - 8 .8 + 7 .0 -3 .0 - 9 .1 60.1 59.3 65.0 61.5 + 2 .9 -3 .3 - 7 .1 + 6 .2 26,744 15.69 25.5 -5 .2 61.7 + .7 + 8 .9 - 4 .5 + .4 22 E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A V E R A G E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S P E R W E E K P E R M A N , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN T H E B U I L D I N G -C O N S T R U C T IO N IN D U S T R Y IN A U G U S T 1934, A N D P E R C E N T A G E S OF C H A N G E F R O M JU L Y 1934—Continued The State. ............... 512 2,326 Percentage change from July 1934 Number August 1934 Cents 62.9 76.0 67.3 54.8 + 7 .9 + 8 .6 -2 .5 - 5 .4 16.82 + 3 .6 25.9 + 2 .0 64.4 + 1 .1 6,012 +49.8 22.69 + 8 .5 28.7 +12.5 79.2 - 3 . 6 6,075 -2 1 .3 19,675 + 6 .8 16.29 20. 65 - 7 .0 - .7 26.9 31.6 - 4 .3 + .6 59.7 - 3 . 6 66.0 + .6 25,750 19. 42 -1 .4 30.2 (2) 64.3 Utah: Salt Lake C ity........ 139 77 128 373 -1 5 .4 953 + 7 .6 205 1,326 24.1 - 3 . 2 24.6 -1 4 .3 27.2 + 5 .4 26.6 +10.4 39,117 +13.1 Virginia: N orfolk-Portsmouth. _ R ichm ond..................... T he State. ............... + 4 .3 -6 .7 + 3 .8 + 3 .7 + 9 .2 265 +38.0 W ashington: Seattle-....................... Spokane............. .......... T acom a......................... $11,377 + 9 .2 $15.13 1,627 -2 8 .2 18.70 21,595 + 21.2 18.35 4,518 +10. 5 14.57 Average hourly earnings 1 Percentage change from July 1934 752 + 4 .7 194 87 -2 3 .0 25 191 1,177 +16.8 310 + 6 .5 102 Average hours per week per m an» August 1934 Texas: D a lla s ................. ......... El P aso__..................... Houston...................... San A ntonio____ _____ Percentage change from July 1934 £ Average weekly earnings Amount August 1934 1 Percentage change from July 1934 0 Pay rolls Amount August 1934 e i Percentage change from July 1934 Locality Employment Number August 1934 bfl P i tn O -.1 -1 .5 -.2 915 +27.1 230 + 7 .5 179 + 1.1 20,810 +31.1 6,019 + 9 .0 3,635 -1 2 .2 22. 74 + 3 .1 26.17 + 1 .5 20.31 - 1 3 .2 25.5 +9. 0 31.0 - 4 .3 22.8 -1 7 .1 89.2 - 5 . 5 84.4 + 6 .2 89.0 + 4 .7 T he State__________ 288 1,324 + 19.2 30,464 + 19.3 23.01 26.1 + 1 .2 88.2 - 1 .1 West Virginia: Wheeling . W isconsin: A ll localities. _ 81 -1 9 .8 19 156 1,864 + 3 .6 1,332 -3 6 .5 35,823 + 7 .3 16.44 -2 0 .9 19.22 + 3 .6 27.5 -1 5 .9 32.6 + 3 .8 60.5 - 6 .1 60.6 + .5 165 52 71 + .1 i Averages com puted from reports furnished b y 10,479 firms. 8 N o change. * Data not available. * Includes both Kansas C ity, M o., and Kansas C ity, Kans. * Includes Covington and Newport, K y. * Each separate area includes from 2 to 8 counties. Trend of Employment in August 1934, by States LUCTUATIONS in employment and pay-roll totals, in August 1934, as compared with July 1934, in certain industrial groups are shown by States in the following table. These tabulations have been prepared from data secured directly from reporting establish ments and from information supplied by cooperating State agencies. The combined total of all groups does not include building-construction data, which are shown by city and State totals in the section, “ Building construction.” In addition to the combined total of all groups, the trend of employment and pay rolls in the manufacturing, public utility, hotel, wholesale trade, retail trade, bituminous-coal mining, crude-petroleum producing, quarrying and nonmetallic min ing, metalliferous mining, laundry, dyeing and cleaning, and banks, brokerage, insurance, real-estate groups is presented. In this State compilation, the totals of the telephone and telegraph, power and F 23 light, and electric-railroad operation groups have been combined and are presented as one group— public utilities. The percentage changes shown in the accompanying table, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted; that is, the industries included in the groups, and the groups comprising the total of all groups, have not been weighted according to their relative importance in the combined totals. The anthracite-mining industry, which is confined entirely to the State of Pennsylvania, showed decreases from July to August of 7.6 percent in employment and 6.1 percent in pay rolls. These percent ages are based on reports received from 160 mines which employed in August 68,799 workers whose earnings in 1 week ending nearest the 15th were $1,606,335. When the identity of any reporting company would be disclosed by the publication of a State total for any industrial group, figures for the group do not appear in the separate industrial-group tabulation, but are included in the State totals for “ all groups.” Data are not presented for any industrial group when the representation in the State covers less than three establishments. 87896— 34------ 4 24 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN J U L Y A N D A U G U S T 1934, B Y S T A T E S [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Manufacturing Total—all groups State N um ber of estab lish ments N um ber on pay roll August 1934 Per Per cent Amount of cent age pay roll age change (1 week) change from from August 1934 July July 1934 1934 Per Per N um N um Am ount ber of ber on centage of pay roll centage change (1 week) change estab pay roll from from lish August August July July 1934 1934 ments 1934 1934 264 41,827 2,408 54 249 15,361 1,083 196,210 191 16,515 -1 7 .8 $529,509 42, 522 + 2 .1 + 2.1 203,534 +19.7 4, 352,968 + 1 .3 325,788 - 1 6 .4 - 2 .9 + 4.1 + 25 .8 - 2 .3 + 1 .8 + .6 - 3 .9 - 1 .6 (3) 738 141,190 8, 715 73 3,492 52 239 18, 780 370 75, 513 + 2 .1 2, 621,835 + 5 .4 158,497 - 4 .5 109,526 -3 .0 278,933 + 1 .6 861,737 + 2 .8 + 1 .9 -3 .0 - 1 .1 + .6 243,027 9,721,345 3,136,147 1, 093, 022 1,222,635 + 2 .7 + .* - .2 - 2 .3 + 3.1 64 6,416 2,111 280,291 716 119, 661 456 29, 786 448 32,834 + 3 .4 124,314 + 1 .9 5,701,822 + .7 2 ,230, 582 +. 3 552,450 +4^6 699,613 + 1 .2 + 1 .2 + .4 - 1 .3 + 4.1 - 1 .9 -1 .5 - 2 .1 -.9 _ ( 3) 1,450,796 718, 635 884,526 2,119,222 8,889, 063 - 1 .4 - 2 .5 + .6 -4 .0 -.3 332 34,620 238 23,602 296 40,180 647 73, 770 1,597 228, 657 - 3 .2 554,598 -3 .2 318, 695 - 2 .6 670,469 6 - . 9 1,361,958 + 1 .0 4,360,216 -3 .2 - 2 .0 + .4 6 -5 .8 + 1 .4 M ich ig a n .............. 3, 735 422,852 Minnesota_______ 2,422 94,267 657 19, 088 Mississippi— ___ Missouri_________ 4,635 166, 750 777 12,385 M ontana_________ - 2 .9 + 5 .3 + 4 .1 - .5 + 1 .8 9,627,334 1,955, 614 262, 579 3,481, 077 281,101 + 7 .4 + 1 .7 + 5 .5 -1 .5 + .7 1,055 361,584 414 44, 669 126 12,421 885 82, 725 3,908 95 - 4 - 6 7,946,619 +12.5 847,576 + 6 .4 150, 590 1 1, 599, 025 + 6 .0 85,496 + 4•1 + 6 .9 + 11.1 -.7 + 6 .0 Nebraska________ 2,104 35,871 N evada__________ 278 3,629 816 46, 325 N ew H am pshire.. N ew Jersey______ 3,906 256, 542 394 7,336 N ew M exico_____ + 1 .5 + 2 .5 +3 + .2 - 1 .1 747,686 88,811 793,234 5, 713, 043 136,204 + .9 + .3 - 2 .3 + 1 .2 + 1 .5 167 13,835 32 918 223 38,357 7 723 212,599 34 883 + 7 .6 290, 713 + 4 .8 23,983 -.1 618,232 + .7 4,532,712 - 8 .8 14,707 + 8 .9 + 4 .6 -3 .6 + 2.1 + 6 .8 - . 5 18, 017,379 + 1 .5 1,679, 563 -1 .5 103, 026 - 1 .1 10, 280, 502 + 3 .6 798,760 -.7 + 2 .5 - 5 .4 - 2 .4 + 1 .5 8 1,896 369,890 598 128,067 54 981 2, 643. 360, 760 184 11,959 + 1 .0 8,665,093 + 1 .6 1,510,713 - 3 .2 20,964 - 1 .2 6,985,492 + 3 .4 227,223 + 2 .3 + 3 .0 -9 .6 - 2 .3 + 2 .6 Oregon___________ 1,465 50, 540 +13.9 1,001,871 +12.8 Pennsylvania____ 9,444 744,622 - . 2 15, 066,330 -.2 Rhode Island____ 1,282 78,287 - 5 .1 1,466, 272 - 5 .1 South Carolina___ 728 64, 009 -.4 746,144 - 2 . 0 454 South Dakota____ 8,239 + .9 181,140 - 1 .2 280 28,470 1,947 409,983 420 58, 744 224 57,051 51 2, 515 +21.6 508, 250 + .3 7, 658,196 - 6 .1 996,189 -.1 630,740 + 3 .4 49,061 +24.1 + 3 .9 - 7 .3 - 2 .1 -2 .2 Alabama_________ 1,312 66,575 -1 3 .3 Arizona__________ 576 12,937 +• 1 Arkansas_________ i 657 22,884 + 1.2 C aliforn ia..-.......... 21,908 312,462 + 11.9 Colorado................. 1,363 44,042 + 2 .7 $919, 654 -1 0 .9 256,280 - 3 .8 352,566 + 1.2 7,350,884 +14-3 -.7 895,998 Connecticut______ 2,378 175,317 233 13,110 Delaware_________ 933 33,449 Dist. of ColumbiaFlorida—................. 1,185 36,380 Georgia---------------- 1,627 100, 691 + 1 .4 + 3 .4 - 2 .1 - 2 .5 + 1 .2 3,457, 051 264,816 780, 264 625, 723 1,345,036 I d a h o ..................... Illinois----------------Indiana__________ Iow a_____________ Kansas................ 499 12,447 44,485 451,847 2,927 165, 617 1,994 57,378 s2,210 59,570 + 2 .3 + 1.0 + .3 +. 3 + 2.2 K entucky________ L o u is ia n a .______ M aine.......... .......... M aryland________ Massachusetts----- 1,683 87,699 1,131 44,449 917 50,138 1,582 107,282 58,949 423,449 N ew Y ork _______ North Carolina___ North D akota____ O h io____ _________ Oklahoma________ 14, 755 708, 758 1,270 138,444 490 5,248 8,816 513, 306 1,796 40, 098 1,442 87, 248 1,857 75,878 681 18, 602 569 15,185 2, 275 101, 065 + .3 + .1 + .4 + 4 .0 + 1 .1 1, 354, 029 1, 670,634 368,423 286,862 1,678, 693 + 1 .5 + 1 .6 -.9 + .3 + .5 337 399 114 150 483 60,233 39,865 7,039 8,419 68,104 + .9 870, 334 + .6 829,871 - 1 .2 120,138 + 7 .2 151,993 + 1 .6 1, 076, 049 + 2 .4 + 1 .2 - 6 .1 + .9 + 2 .0 Washington......... . 3,308 88,455 W est Virginia___ : 1,292 136, 695 Wisconsin____ . . . *1,042 156,455 W y o m in g _______ 374 7,245 + 7 .3 - 1 .1 -2 .2 + 1 .7 1,860, 672 2, 510, 777 3,020, 603 174, 219 + 6 .2 - 2 .3 + 1 .5 + 5 .5 521 44,163 276 54, 009 770 124,186 44 1, 722 + 15.9 823, 684 -2 .8 990,989 6 - 2 . 5 2,345,618 + 4 .9 44, 957 + 18.4 - 2 .2 6 + 1 .7 + 8 .7 Tennessee________ Texas____________ Utah_____________ Verm ont_________ Virginia_____ ____ 1 Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel, and building stone. 2 Includes banks, insurance, and office employment. 3 Less than Mo of 1 percent. 4 Includes building and contracting. 5 Includes construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employment, amusement and recreation, professional, and transportation services. 6 Weighted percentage change. 7 Includes laundries. 8 Includes laundering and cleaning, but does not include food, canning, and preserving. 9 Includes construction but does not include hotels and restaurants, and public works. 25 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN I D E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN J U L Y A N D A U G U S T 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Wholesale trade State Retail trade Per Per N um N um cent Amount of cent ber of ber on age pay roll age estab pay roll change (1 week) change lish August from from August 1934 1934 ments July July 1934 1934 Per Per N um N um Amount ber of ber on centage of pay roll centage change (1 week) change estab pay roll from lish August from August July July ments 1934 1934 1934 1934 Alabama___ ______ Arizona. ________ Arkansas....... ......... California________ Colorado_________ 124 64 60 101 144 2,413 1,005 1,106 5,717 3,486 + 1.3 + 2 .3 -.3 + 1 .7 + 3 .6 $53,954 19,909 28,332 153,196 86,336 (3) —7. 0 —. 1 -.5 - 2 .5 684 315 226 122 609 6,302 3,354 2,658 23, 468 9, 300 + 2 .1 - 3 .3 - 1 .7 + 2 .7 + 2 .9 $110,338 63, 907 49.957 482,905 169,005 -0 .1 -5 .6 -.6 + 5 .3 -1 .1 Connecticut........... Delaware________ Dist. of Colum bia. Florida__________ Georgia__________ 210 16 51 200 102 4, 799 536 1,100 3,146 1,438 + 6 .1 + .8 -.9 + 1 .9 + .1 108,126 12, 201 33, 717 64, 626 34,810 + 1 .3 -.1 - 2 .3 -.4 -.1 1,124 88 709 446 808 14, 217 1,414 12,412 6, 057 9,293 -4 .8 - 2 .9 - 1 .6 - 2 .8 - 1 .4 302,835 30, 044 256, 675 107, 539 150, 411 -4 .4 - 3 .0 -4 .9 -3 .0 -1 .3 Id a h o .__ ________ Illinois__ ________ Indiana__________ Iowa_____________ Kansas___________ 53 m 358 162 165 486 12,644 5, 698 2.999 8,037 + 5 .2 + .6 -. 1 -.4 + 8 .4 12.583 334,152 134, 768 74,015 67, 819 + 2 .9 -2 .4 - 2 .3 -4 .2 + 7 .8 270 1,222 1, 412 890 1,176 2,173 53,423 18, 299 9, 270 9,1U + 1 .0 40, 628 - 1 . 4 1,056,887 332,196 -.6 163, 590 -.8 -2 .0 163,642 (3) —3. 8 —1.1 - 5 .3 -1 .3 Kentucky________ Louisiana________ M aine___________ M aryland________ Massachusetts___ 144 198 97 175 854 2 ,162 3,252 1,638 2,954 18,887 - 1 .7 + .9 + .3 (10) -1 .4 46,203 71, 610 38, 580 69,124 492, 053 - 1 .3 - 3 .6 -.4 - 1 .8 - 2 .8 634 480 266 469 4,577 8,189 8,176 2,824 12,252 67, 663 142, 639 - 7 .3 + 2 .4 130,193 -1 .4 54,159 237, 484 - 4 .1 - 2 . 0 1,352,267 -1 5 .0 -.7 -1 .8 -5 .5 - 2 .5 M ichigan................ 289 265 M innesota_______ Mississippi_______ 75 M issouri_________ 1,106 76 M ontana_________ 6,182 7,762 1,213 15,097 867 -.2 + .6 + .9 - 2 .5 + .2 157,753 200,300 23, 264 387, 375 23,264 -2 .2 -4 .0 -4 .9 - 4 .9 -2 .3 1, 609 1,297 213 2,015 378 29, 074 16,093 2, 279 28, 727 3,144 -.9 -3 .3 -2 .9 -.7 (10) 607,194 304, 480 35,197 592, 327 66,205 -2 .2 -3 .7 -4 .2 -2 .5 -.3 441 46 40 232 32 3,384 319 482 4,290 292 -.7 + 6 .3 + 1 .3 -1 .0 - 2 .7 87, 725 10, 347 12, 739 125, 072 7,287 - 3 .1 -.2 + .3 - 1 .2 -1 .8 1,046 110 323 2,105 211 9, 348 874 3, 035 19, 007 1,658 -2 .8 - 1 .5 -.6 - 2 .7 (10) 170,904 18,740 57, 753 436,049 29,926 -2 .5 - 4 .2 -1 .8 - 2 .9 -1 .8 N ew Y ork _______ 3,091 56 _ North Carolina_ North Dakota____ 93 Ohio_____________ 1,051 159 O k la h om a .......... . 57, 681 690 474 15,805 2, 354 + (3 ) -3 .4 + 1 .3 -. 1 -.5 1, 778, 372 16,825 11, 563 403,106 56,914 -.1 - 5 .2 -3 .4 -2 .2 - 3 .5 7,809 129, 788 443 4,410 150 1,346 3,860 59, 226 988 8,897 -2 .6 -.7 -1 .3 -2 .6 -2 .1 3,080, 270 66,083 20, 799 1,133,875 162, 584 -3 .8 -2 .9 -2 .5 -3 .3 - 4 .2 Oregon___________ 279 Pennsylvania____ 1,190 Rhode Island____ 91 70 South Carolina___ South Dakota____ 43 4,969 +25.9 19,688 +• 1 1, 652 - 3 .1 -.1 881 -.2 503 613 3, 591 610 315 244 8. 732 59, 763 9,319 3, 283 1, 628 + .6 - 2 .7 - 3 .7 -1 .4 - 1 .5 170, 879 1,188,604 182,890 45,606 27,796 -.6 -4 .0 -1 .5 -1 .3 - 2 .5 N e b r a s k a ....____ N evada__________ N ew H am pshire.. N ew Jersey........ . N ew M exico_____ 114, 289 +12.4 543,058 - 2 . 0 43, 644 - 3 .5 19,896 - 2 . 2 11,438 - 5 .5 Tennessee________ Texas____________ Utah_____________ V erm ont_________ Virginia__________ 213 200 80 26 201 3, 327 4,038 1,308 454 3,834 +• 7 -1 .3 -.4 -9 .9 - 1 .3 71, 362 97,406 36,119 10,694 77, 898 -.8 -1 .3 + 1 .8 - 4 .6 + .1 501 425 336 172 1,224 9, 335 12,586 3, 274 1,765 11,525 -.9 - 3 .7 -.2 + 1 .2 + 2 .3 162, 389 232,002 64, 699 34, 043 198,926 - 2 .3 —2 3 —l! 2 + 1 .2 -3 .2 W ashington.......... W est Virginia____ W isconsin..... ......... W yom ing________ 746 101 45 22 10, 654 1,657 1,863 208 + .2 -.1 + 4 .7 + 2 .5 284, 423 43,125 39,383 5,927 - 4 .1 -1 .7 + 3.6 -3 .4 1, 646 307 53 184 16, 627 3, 739 10,088 1,181 -.2 - 2 .6 -1 .5 - 2 .3 333,869 67, 688 141,393 23,851 - 2 .3 -5 .6 -1.4-3 .5 3 Less than Ho of 1 percent. 1 N o change. 0 26 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN IDENTICAL E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN J U L Y A N D A U G U S T 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by cooperating State organizations] Quarrying and nonmetallic mining N um ber of estab lish ments State N um ber on pay roll August 1934 Metalliferous Per Per Per Per cent Am ount of cent N um N um Amount age ber of ber on centage of pay roll centage age pay roll change (1 week) change change (1 week) change estab pay roll from from from lish August from August August July July 1934 1934 July 1934 July ments 1934 1934 1934 1934 Alabama_________ Arizona. _ ............ Arkansas___ ______ California________ Colorado_________ 15 3 8 40 5 584 - 7 .3 44 +46. 7 225 + 5 .1 974 —. 5 48 - 9 . 4 $7,404 609 3,089 17, 367 587 -1 4 . 7 +21.1 + 5.1 —5.0 +12.0 Connecticut______ Delaware________ Dist. of Columbia Florida__________ Georgia___ _____ 26 330 - 7 .8 6, 757 + 3 .9 13 28 847 —.4 1,781 +13.4 10, 862 18, 224 + 6 .5 +10.6 Idaho____________ Illinois ____________ Indiana__ ________ Iowa_____________ Kansas___________ 18 69 25 34 604 -1 1 . 3 1, 614 -1 7 .2 428 - 2 . 9 1,340 + 1.2 10,825 25,827 6,940 26,922 -1 2 .1 -2 2 .8 + 3 .2 + 6 .0 Kentucky________ Louisiana________ M aine. _________ M aryland________ Massachusetts___ 34 4 11 8 20 1,497 +21.0 377 - 1 .0 450 - 9 .3 270 +17. 4 494 + 4 .9 15,427 4, 674 10,848 4,048 10,963 +19.0 -.3 -8 .8 +21.5 + 6 .0 M ichigan________ M innesota_______ Mississippi_______ M issouri_________ M ontana_________ 45 21 9 57 6 1,808 -.9 321 +15. 5 175 -1 6 .7 1,280 + 3 .8 117 -1 2 .7 33, 364 4, 761 2,030 17,055 1, 658 - 1 .8 +14.0 +22.1 + 1 .1 -5 2 .7 Nebraska________ N evada__________ New Hampshire. _ New Jersey______ N ew Mexico 11 285 -1 0 .1 11 35 349 666 9 18 3 36 11 1,327 3, 592 464 2,900 1,170 + 19.0 + 1 .6 + 2 .4 +4- 8 + 1 .6 $16, 238 76, 510 6,622 70,677 30, 328 +68.3 -2 .7 + 4 .1 + 8 .4 7 6 1,766 + .4 37,425 +14.1 716 +131. 0 12,162 +81.0 9 54,484 6,323 3,854 179 + .4 + 2 .3 59, 772 1,749 - 1 .8 + 6 .2 ___________ Pennsylvania Rhode Island_ _ South Carolina___ South Dakota____ 4 153 90 5, 714 Oregon 1,788 + 7 .1 91,637 -.9 225 - 2 . 2 53 +12.8 2, 538 965 26 21 5 38 34 702 -1 5 .0 1,298 —5.7 (10) 59 1,979 - 2 . 4 -.9 1,338 7,250 20,899 1,209 38,149 16,110 -2 7 .8 -1 1 .6 + .7 -4 .0 - 9 .4 Washington___ __ W est Virginia____ Wisconsin________ W yom in g________ 11 20 13 386 -1 0 .4 859 - 9 . 8 265 -2 2 .5 7,796 11, 698 4,619 -1 7 .3 -1 3 .0 -1 4 .3 1,679 210 - 6 .9 + 5 .0 18,277 5,239 -1 1 .1 + 14.0 645 + 5 .9 15,859 _ ( 3) 3 3 18 907 +20.0 -1 .5 322 16,680 + 11.0 - 2 .4 913 +285. 2 14,922 +264.4 1,230 - 4 .1 + 4 .5 + 34.6 Tennessee________ Texas___________ Utah_____________ Verm ont_________ Virginia___ ____ 13 15 +24.4 -.4 6 4 + 2 .8 + 13.0 + 1 .6 + 20.7 124 16 87, 609 47,673 - 3 .0 -4 .4 2,706 —1.6 460 +17.6 + 1 .4 —. 1 -1 6 .9 9,955 13,133 5,226 1,994 15 3,649 - 4 .4 - 6 .4 39 32 New Y ork__........ . North Carolina___ North Dakota. Ohio. ___________ Oklahoma________ 80 14 * Less than Ho of 1 percent. i° N o change. 27 3 63 -4 .5 4 323 + 2 .2 6,648 + .9 12 2,168 + .7 45,475 + 3 .3 682 + 3 .2 14, 650 + 33.4 01 ) 1 N ot available. 1 27 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T | A N D P A Y R O L L S IN IDENTICAL E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN J U L Y A N D A U G U S T 1934, B Y S T A T E S —Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Bituminous-coal mining State Alabama, „ _ Arizona__________ Arkansas_________ California ,. Colorado Crude-petroleum producing Per Per N um N um cent Amount of cent N um ber of ber of ber on pay roll age age estab pay roll change (1 week) change estab lish August from from lish August 1934 ments July 1934 July ments 1934 1934 55 9,449 -1 3 .4 $124,995 -1 0 .0 43 2,844 + 9 .2 44,552 +31.3 27 51 23 11 6,457 5,407 1, 571 529 + 7.6 115,148 + 1 .9 99,860 Indiana + 6 .4 26,103 - 1 .7 11,278 + 9 .0 + 6 .9 +17.8 —2.6 K entucky________ Louisiana________ Maine M aryland— M assachusetts.. „ 141 29,657 -.3 466,131 + 5 .4 16 1,417 -U S 20,055 + 27.0 Michigan M innesota____ _ Mississippi_______ Missouri _____ M ontana_________ 3 345 -1 7 .3 7 ,235 + 45.6 18 10 1,181 +11.5 730 + 7 .8 14,368 16, 223 —5.4 +21.9 Nebraska . . . Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New M exico_____ 15 2,123 + .6 41,923 + 6 .0 Per Per N um Amount centage ber on centage of pay roll change from payroll change (1 week) from July August August July 1934 1934 1934 1934 6 45 352 13,096 + 0 .6 + 1 .9 $7,866 409,147 - 5 .0 + 2 .1 7 4 204 24 —1.4 - 7 .7 4,412 327 + 2 .6 - 1 1 .9 24 1,648 + 2 .6 38,042 —.6 5 7 236 246 -1 0 .9 + 2 .5 4,069 6,519 + 4 .7 -8 .9 4 44 (10) 1,046 + .4 Florida Illinois __________ Kansas___________ N ew Y ork _______ North Carolina North Dakota__ O hio_____________ Oklahoma________ Oregon.. ________ Pennsylvania _____ Rhode Island South Carolina__ South Dakota 9 73 16 385 —9.2 14, 537 +. 6 600 +32.7 5 144 +11.6 3,398 +14.6 4 249 +25.8 4,761 +12.4 7, 259 241,305 9,390 —3.8 - 1 .6 + 8 .5 5 51 55 5,336 -1 .8 + 2 .5 667 127,945 -1 1 .9 + 1 .6 466 76, 262 + 1 .3 1, 255,015 + 2 .3 16 758 -2 1 .8 20, 111 -8 .0 Tennessee Texas __ _________ Utah Verm ont_________ Virginia _ 15 5 11 3, 005 374 1,021 —2. 3 + 6 .9 + 7 .1 44,041 5,489 23,943 +12.1 - 9 .0 +25. 5 S 7,628 + 3 .4 256,797 + 9 .5 25 4, 664 —1. 6 67,878 + .3 W ashington W est Virginia____ Wisconsin _____ W y o m in g .______ 13 358 944 66,459 + 1 .3 -.1 21, 762 1,170,133 —6.1 - 2 .4 8 466 - 7 .9 9, 581 -5 .2 31 2,981 + 1 .2 72,210 + 9 .6 8 234 +12.5 6,832 +20.5 10 N o change. 28 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN IDENTICAL E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN J U L Y A N D A U G U S T 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Public utilities State Hotels Per Per Per Per N um N um cent Amount of cent N um N um Am ount ber of ber on centage of pay roll centage* ber of ber on pay roll age age estab pay roll change (1 week) change estab pay roll change (1 week) change from lish August from lish August from from August August July July 1934 1934 1934 ments July July ments 1934 1934 1934 1934 1934 Alabama_________ Arizona_____ _____ Arkansas............ . . California________ Colorado. .............. 89 69 84 60 212 1,902 1,633 i,m 45,70S 6,084 + 1 .2 + «3 + 2.1 -.2 + 2 .8 $41,583 37,872 88,188 1,299,850 150,420 + 1 .3 -3 .2 + 1 .4 + 1 .2 -4 .0 21 20 28 188 55 1,174 394 827 9,919 1,541 -1 .8 + 1 .3 +• 4 + 2 .2 + 8 .2 $9,758 5,677 7,268 151,285 20,136 -1 .9 -.5 . - 1 .1 + 2 .1 + 4 .5 Connecticut.......... Delaware_________ Dist. of Columbia. Florida___________ Georgia........ .......... 132 29 17 185 186 9,872 1,195 8,911 4,843 7,233 +. 3 + 3 .3 + .9 + .5 -.2 304,607 32,917 239,639 119,968 192,670 + 1 .4 + 1 .5 -2 .6 -1 .7 -3 .5 29 3 45 52 37 1,365 260 3,930 978 1,352 + 8 .6 (10) - 7 .7 -1 9 .0 - 1 .5 17,158 3,467 60,487 9,584 11,075 -.3 -.5 -8 .4 -1 5 .3 -1 .& Idaho............... ....... 57 Illinois..................... 86 Indiana........ .......... 117 Iow a........ ................ 324 Kansas.................. . 13 m 825 78,849 8,167 8,637 7,286 + .4 -.1 + .7 + .4 + .s 16,609 2,070,864 200, 543 197,429 171,988 -1 .2 + 1.1 -3 .4 -4 .3 + 1 .7 20 64 56 81 419 15,857 2,891 2,312 748 -4 .8 + .6 + (3 ) + .5 -1 .8 4,923 281,412 31,037 22,485 7,605 + 2 .8 -4 .0 + .4 -.9 -4 .0 K entucky............... 289 Louisiana............__ 152 M aine____________ 170 M aryland________ 98 Massachusetts___ 13 128 6,633 5,956 2,853 12,662 46,584 + 1 .5 - 2 .1 + .4 + 1. 1 - 2 .6 150,906 144,528 76,869 862,884 1,825,275 - 1 .3 - 5 .3 + 5 .1 + 2 .5 -2 .8 35 18 27 19 67 1,892 1,789 1,152 628 5,108 -4 .2 -1 .0 + 6 .9 -6 .7 -.7 18,333 21,038 14,390 7,757 72,240 -8 .0 + 4 .9 + 5 .1 -7 .5 + .2 M ichigan................ Minnesota.............. M ississip p i........... M issouri................. M ontana_________ 408 202 191 219 112 29,943 12,864 1,999 21,000 2,012 + .8 + .9 + 5 .3 -.1 -3 .4 906,624 335,253 39,704 571,846 57,258 + .7 - 3 .3 + 2 .3 + .1 -7 .4 98 71 15 86 32 5,480 3,387 437 4,874 574 -.3 + 3 .6 + 3 .1 —3,0 + .5 69,228 38,952 3,258 57,535 8,588 + 1 .2 + 1 .9 + 4 .7 -4 .6 + 3 .7 N ebraska._______ N evada................... N ew H am pshire.. N ew Jersey........ . N ew M exico.......... 353 38 141 266 51 5,837 405 2,318 21,680 599 -.6 -1 .9 + 1 .0 -.6 + .5 143,991 11,769 66,928 644,752 12,008 -5 .0 -2 .6 +10.5 + 1 .2 - 5 .1 39 19 20 96 18 1,530 340 921 5,899 388 + .5 + 3 .7 + 6 .0 + 7 .8 (10) 15,457 4,857 10,173 69,329 3,654 -1 .8 + 9 .6 + 5 .8 + 7 .5 -1 . 2 N ew Y o r k ............ North Carolina___ North D akota____ O h io................ ....... Oklahom a. _______ 873 125,526 1,884 73 114 1,226 482 36,334 244 6,630 -.2 -.3 -.6 + .3 + 4 .0 4,026, 259 41,319 29,002 980,408 151,859 + .9 -.7 -7 .0 - 2 .9 + 1 .4 210 36 18 131 50 27,747 1,433 294 8,642 1,527 -1 .4 -3 .4 + 2 .4 - 1 .1 + .9 423, 584 12,680 2,879 111,054 16,203 - 3 .3 - 1 .4 -5 .1 -1 .0 + .9 Oregon___________ Pennsylvania........ Rhode Island____ South Carolina___ South Dakota____ 182 791 46 76 50 5,582 56,944 4,913 1, 712 650 (10) -.1 + .3 - 5 .5 -1 .4 154,615 1,611,190 143,602 37,085 15,118 + 1 .9 -1 .0 + 3 .2 -.4 - 7 .1 66 158 17 12 22 1,453 9,723 466 293 333 + 1 .6 + 1 .2 + 10.4 + .7 - 1 .8 18,114 124, 372 5,408 2,623 3,972 + .5 + 1 .4 + 8 .7 -2 .6 -1 .6 Tennessee............... Texas____________ U tah_____ ________ Verm ont_________ Virginia......... ......... 248 275 65 126 152 5,105 7,747 1,879 1, 516 6,059 + 1 .3 + .9 + 2 .6 + .5 -.7 116,234 201,436 38,871 36,409 147,014 + 2 .0 + .8 - 4 .4 + 1 .0 - 2 .1 38 84 13 20 41 2,418 2,716 451 613 2, 262 -.8 + 4 -2 + 5 .1 +13.1 -2 .4 20,931 82,228 5,955 6,140 24,163 +■ 4 + 6.7 + 4 .9 + 12.8 - 1 .7 Washington______ West Virginia____ Wisconsin W yom ing________ 200 114 1 41 4 48 10,058 6,795 11,028 481 -.3 + 5 .7 + 1.6 + .4 283, 281 173,014 884, 058 11,267 +. 8 + (3 ) -.7 -8 .0 88 36 42 12 2,919 1,171 1,452 98 + 1 .3 - 4 .8 + .2 (10) 33, 717 12, 621 (n) 1, 277 + 2 .2 - 3 .1 3 Less than Ho of 1 percent. 1 N o change. 0 N ot available. Includes restaurants. 12 281 13 Includes steam railways. *4 Includes railways and express. -2 .2 29 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN IDENTICAL E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN JU L Y A N D A U G U S T 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Laundries State D yeing and cleaning Per Per Per Per N um N um cent Amount of cent N um N um centage Amount ber of ber on ber of ber on change of pay roll centage age pay roll age (1 week) change estab payroll change (1 week) change payroll from from lish August from from lish- August July August August July 1934 1934 1934 ments July ments 1934 July 1934 1934 1934 1934 19 Alabama................. Arizona...... .......... Arkansas................ California________ Colorado...... .......... 11 15 72 Connecticut....... . Delaware.......... . Dist. of Columbia. Florida................... Georgia............... 37 4 18 I d a h o .................... Illinois.................. Indiana.................. Iow a_____ _____ Kansas................... Kentucky......... . Louisiana.............. M aine_________ M aryland.............. Massachusetts___ 15 1,007 287 488 $9,762 3,609 4,989 101,806 21, 743 + 0 .3 -3 .7 _ ( 3) -.2 44 - 1.1 5,587 1,502 +2.2 1,267 320 2,450 894 2,368 -.5 (10) - 2 .9 -3 .0 -2 .7 +1.1 20,219 5,288 37,101 8,860 26, 528 12 to 82 42 32 is 42 226 8,987 1,927 1,248 -1 .7 -4 -1 .3 + .2 + 1.4 38 8 23 +2.6 + .2 -.2 m 1.733 525 585 1,786 5,841 21,052 5,365 8, 556 27,264 89,825 M ichigan............... M innesota-........... Mississippi______ M issouri............... . M ontana......... ...... 65 44 6 53 17 3,177 1.733 309 3,056 466 Nebraska________ N evada__________ New H am pshire.. N ew Jersey______ N ew M exico_____ 15 3 17 49 4 -1 0 .0 43 + 4 .9 + .3 338 -.7 5,865 N ew Y ork ............. North Carolina_ _ North Dakota....... O hio_____________ Oklahoma..... ........ 73 $595 -1 4 .5 786 ~~-~9~7 -2 .3 I, 785 —1.5 - + 1 .3 -.8 1,000 3,323 66,816 27,242 16,460 18,126 10.2 ~-8~9 -0 .7 -3 .6 30 22 23 22 12 11 79 24 242 4,117 1,038 13 39 Tennessee........... . Texas____________ Utah_____________ V erm ont_________ Virginia_________ 15 28 12 6 25 1, 506 1,691 670 121 1,381 W ashington______ West Virginia____ W isconsin........... . W yom ing............. 16 17 is 28 7 719 662 967 147 399 2,679 1,109 417 152 8 Less than Ho of 1 percent. 2.0 -.7 46,779 26,400 3,371 41,156 7,948 -1 .8 -1 .7 + 2 .3 +1.2 + 3 .6 2.1 1.0 209 -4 .0 6.8 - -5 .5 -1 .3 -4 .4 1,999 1,095 2, 508 - 8 .7 - 5 .6 - 3 .5 1.1 537 119 - 2 .5 + 5 .3 8,814 2,098 -4 .7 + 5 .1 1.1 334 115 180 269 2,177 - 4 .3 - 4 .2 + 1 .7 - 1.1 4,814 1,444 3,409 4,852 40,249 +1.1 1,011 538 58 1,138 58 -1 .7 + .7 - 4 .9 -4 .0 +1.8 19,304 9,036 808 18,348 1,189 - 4 .1 1.2 - 1 1 .4 -5 .6 135 -1 .5 2,219 -3 .0 + 1 .5 + 3 .4 - 7 .1 -.7 -.7 - -3 .0 + 9 .9 - 6.0 1.2 - 2.1 - -3 .2 +2.2 "+ . 1 + 3 .9 - 9 .2 + 6 .4 + 5 .3 + +2.0 1.8 570 136 - 5 .2 -.7 11,269 1,828 -7 .9 -1 .7 -3 .3 -3 .9 -2 .3 1,992 195 -5 .6 + 3 .7 36,042 2,601 - -4 .0 - + 4 .8 1.2 1.0 -2 .0 12,828 9,252 18,862 2, 778 + 3 .1 -1 .8 + 1 .7 + 3 .3 10 2.2 6.0 2.1 + + - - 6.0 - 1 .5 -1 .5 -2 .4 + 5 .8 -2 .4 - - 6.4 347 - 14,661 21,847 9, 572 1, 558 17,152 -.6 - .8 + .8 (10) 6 .1 -9 .2 + 4 .0 + .9 -4 .5 2.2 -.4 -1 .4 -.7 -.4 - 1,260 8,087 6,322 40, 741 18, 758 3, 753 1,940 + .3 - -4 .7 104 75 195 - 4 .5 +. 3 + 3 .0 121,725 8,451 3,492 64,824 13,354 -2 .5 + .6 + 1 .3 - - 13,364 885 5,247 101, 590 3,202 +2.0 Oregon___________ Pennsylvania____ Rhode Island____ South Carolina___ South Dakota____ 20 - + .1 + 4 .6 - 83 1, 781 320 32 35 +2.1 (10) 1,688 30,973 5,724 435 639 167 559 137 81 -4 .0 +• 7 + 4 .6 -3 .6 + .5 2,141 9,170 2,289 1, 239 5,990 -3 .0 -4 .0 240 228 1.1 -.4 -.9 N o change. +1.2 6.1 1.8 + 3 .0 4,527 3, 758 + 5 .4 - 3 .1 414 + 7.8 22 15 -4 .6 -3 .6 -1 1 .1 - 8.1 Includes dyeing and cleaning. - 9 .1 -5 .6 +1.6 -.2 - 1 .5 30 C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN IDENTICAL E S T A B L IS H M E N T S IN J U L Y A N D A U G U S T 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued [Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y cooperating State organizations] Banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate State Number of establish ments Number on Percent Am ount of Percentage age pay roll pay roll change (1 week) change from July August from August 1934 1934 July 1934 1934 Alabama................................................................. Arizona................................................................... Arkansas................. ............................................. California........................ .................................... Colorado................................................................ 29 20 19 1,057 48 546 201 243 19,900 1, 321 -0 .7 -5 .2 -1 .6 + .7 -1 .0 $15,518 5,406 5,999 662,967 42,819 - 2 .8 -1 .4 -.5 -.6 -.9 Connecticut........................................................... Delaware................................................ ............... District of Colum bia........................................... Florida................................................................... Georgia................................................................... 71 16 37 20 64 2,014 559 1,050 760 1,518 -.7 -2 .3 -.8 + .3 69,911 20,070 41,120 24,256 47,073 -1 .0 - 2 .3 -.5 -1 .2 + 3 .5 Idaho....................................................................... Illinois-................................................................. Indiana................................................................... 15 106 56 18 120 11,265 1,392 1,008 -.8 +. 1 (10) + 1 .0 2,880 389,493 44,951 31,452 -3 .1 + .4 -.3 -2 .5 867 + .* 2 6,8 96 - 2 .6 746 411 276 1,142 26,624 14, 569 7,246 38,969 226,70S + .1 -2 .4 -3 .3 + .2 _(3 ) 211,366 141,183 4,357 163,765 6,987 +• 3 + 2 .4 +. 2 + (3 ) + .3 Kansas.................................................................... + .5 K entucky............................................................... Louisiana...................................... __..................... Maine................................................... .................. M aryland....................................... _____.............. Massachusetts.. ................................................... 22 20 21 31 U227 7 ,6 5 3 -.1 + 2 .8 -.4 + .6 + .1 M ichigan................................................................ Minnesota....... ...................................................... Mississippi............................................................ Missouri.............................................. ................. M ontana................................................................ 207 58 16 155 25 6,864 4,906 197 5,993 255 -.2 -.1 -3 .0 +• 3 + 1 .2 Nebraska................................................................ Nevada.............. ............................. ..................... N ew H a m p sh ire................................................ N ew Jersey............................................................ N ew M exico.......................................................... 23 584 + .2 19,664 + .4 37 142 19 456 13,363 129 + 1 .1 -.1 + .8 10,947 383, 365 3,360 -1 2 .1 + .5 -.7 New Y ork.............................................................. North Carolina..................................................... North Dakota................................................... O hio................................................................... . Oklahoma. ............................................................. 907 29 38 289 25 60,983 581 272 7,984 470 -.1 -.3 + .4 + .6 -.4 2,031,412 15,341 6,579 263,957 14,016 -1 .3 -.1 + .3 - 1 .3 -.8 Oregon. .................................................................. Pennsylvania......................................................... Rhode Island....................................................... South Carolina..................................................... South D a k ota ...................................................... 17 699 751 2 3,203 71 10 30 1,738 115 257 -.7 + .1 - 2 .0 +. 9 + 2 .0 Tennessee........ ..................................................... Texas............................................................... ....... U tah.......... .................................................. .......... V erm ont............................................................ Virginia............................................................... 35 44 21 26 59 1,127 1,688 590 237 1,505 W ashington............................................. ........... W est Virginia.................................................. ___ W isconsin......................................_._.......... ....... W yom ing.......... ................. ................................. 50 43 31 13 1, 729 650 993 120 3 Less than Ho of 1 percent. io N o change. 24,696 712,370 -.5 -.3 69, 626 3,468 6,273 - 1 .2 + 2 .9 + 1 .0 -.2 -.1 + .5 + 8 .2 -.1 38,038 46, 597 19,857 6,637 47,513 -.8 -.1 -.7 + 2 .4 -.8 - 2 .5 -.3 -.3 + .8 54,447 18, 918 34,834 3, 608 -.5 -.6 + 3 .6 -.3 1 Does not include brokerage and real estate. 6 31 Employment and Pay Rolls in August 1934 in Cities of Over 500,000 Population LUCTUATIONS in employment and pay-roll totals in August 1934 as compared with July 1934 in 13 cities of the United States having a population of 500,000 or over are presented in the following table. These changes are computed from reports received from identical establishments in each of the months considered. In addition to reports received from establishments in the several industrial groups regularly covered in the survey of the Bureau, excluding building construction, reports have also been secured from other establishments in these cities for inclusion in these totals. Information concerning employment in building construction is not available for all cities at this time and therefore has not been included. F F L U C T U A T IO N S IN E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN A U G U S T 1934 AS C O M P A R E D W IT H J U L Y 1934 Cities N ew York C ity __............. Chicago, 111.......................... Philadelphia, P a _ ............. Detroit, M ich ..................... Los Angeles, Calif............. Cleveland, Ohio................. St. Louis, M o ..................... Baltimore, M d ................... Boston, Mass...................... Pittsburgh, P a ................... San Francisco, Calif.......... Buffalo, N .Y ...................... Milwaukee, W is................. Num ber of establish ments reporting in both months 11,804 3,771 2,741 1,729 2,434 1,988 2,594 1,217 2,972 1,423 2,122 842 779 Per centage change from July July 1934 August 1934 1934 Num ber on pay roll 534,692 312,876 197,381 282,937 117,702 120,985 116,904 82,011 137,310 118,453 75,216 60,788 54,822 536,493 313, 778 197,981 271,340 119,624 119,709 116,077 80,134 137,991 118,763 77,093 58,762 54,654 Am ount of pay roll (1 week) Per centage change from July 1934 August 1934 July 1934 + 0 .3 $14,121,987 $14,193,333 7,532,899 7,493,032 + .3 4,432,713 4,444,129 + .3 - 4 .1 5,879,917 6,516,245 + 1 .6 2,776,413 2,843,882 2,652,587 2,612,285 - 1 .1 -.7 2,522,136 2,496,987 -2 .3 1,739,071 1,604,485 3,141,119 3,160,949 + .5 + .3 2,425,622 2,506,753 1,822, 506 1,909,570 + 2 .5 - 8 .3 1,363,206 1,254,860 -.3 1,193,877 1,188,402 + 0 .5 -.5 +. 3 +10.8 + 2 .4 -1 .5 -1 .0 -7 .7 +. 6 + 3 .3 + 4 .8 - 7 .9 -.5 Employment on Class I Steam Railroads in the United States EPORTS of the Interstate Commerce Commission for class I railroads show that the number of employees, exclusive of executives and officials, decreased from 1,036,754 on July 15, 1934, to 1,019,723 (preliminary) on August 15, 1934, or 1.6 percent. Data are not yet available concerning total compensation of employees for August 1934. The latest pay-roll information available shows an increase from $124,435,273 in June 1934 to $126,989,749 in July 1934, or 2.1 percent. The monthly trend of employment from January 1923 to August 1934 on class I railroads— that is, all roads having operating revenues of $1,000,000 or over—is shown by index numbers published in the following table. These index numbers, constructed by the Inter state Commerce Commission, are based on the 3-year average, 1923-25 as 100. R 32 IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T O N CLASS I S T E A M R A IL R O A D S IN S T A T E S , J A N U A R Y 1923 T O A U G U S T 1934 THE U N IT E D [3-year average, 1923-25=100] M onth 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 January-........................ February......... ............ . M arch.......... ................. April________ ______ M a y _________________ June_________________ J u ly .......... — .........— . August........................... September_____ _____ October—...................... Novem ber—.................. December..................... 98.4 98.6 100.4 101.9 104.8 107.1 108.2 109.2 107.7 107.1 105.0 99.1 96.7 96.9 97.3 98.8 99.1 97.9 98.0 98.9 99.6 100.7 98.9 96.0 95.5 95.3 95.1 96.5 97.7 98.5 99.3 99.5 99.7 100.4 98.9 96.9 95.6 95.8 96.5 98.6 100.0 101.3 102.6 102.4 102.5 103.1 101.0 98.0 95.2 95.0 95.6 97.1 99.1 100.7 100.7 99.2 98.8 98.5 95.5 91.7 89.1 88.7 89.7 91.5 94.4 95.8 95.4 95.5 95.1 95.2 92.7 89.5 88.0 88.6 89.8 91.9 94.6 95.8 96.3 97.1 96.5 96.6 92.8 88.5 86.1 85.2 85.3 86.7 88.3 86.3 84.5 83.5 82.0 80.2 76.9 74.8 73.5 72.6 72.7 73.4 73.8 72.7 72.3 71.0 69.2 67.6 64.4 62.5 61.1 60.2 60.5 59.9 59.6 57.7 56.3 54.9 55.7 56.9 55.8 54.7 53.0 54.1 52.7 54.6 51.5 55.9 51.8 56.9 52.5 58.5 53.6 59.0 55.4 i 58.7 56.8 i 57.8 57.7 57.4 _____ 55.8 _____ 54.0 104.0 98.2 97.8 99.8 97.3 92.7 93.1 83.3 70.6 57.8 54.4 A vera ge.......... . 1 Preliminary. 1934 2 56.9 2 Average for 8 months. Source: Interstate Commerce Commission. Employment and Pay Rolls in the Federal Service, August 1934 OM PARING August with July there was an increase of 5,492 employees in the executive service of the United States Govern ment. Comparing August 1934 with the corresponding month of the previous year there was an increase of 97,125 employees or 16.9 per cent in this service throughout the United States. Data concerning employment in the executive departments are collected by the United States Civil Service Commission from the various departments and offices of the United States Government. The figures are tabulated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Infor mation concerning the legislative, judicial, and military branches of the Government are collected and compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Table 1 shows the number of employees in the executive depart ments of the Federal Government. Data for the District of Columbia are shown separately. Approxi mately 13 percent of the employees in the executive branches of the United States Government work in the city of Washington. C 33 T able 1.—E M P L O Y E E S IN T H E E X E C U T IV E S E R V IC E OF T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S A U G U S T 1933 A N D J U L Y 1934, A N D A U G U S T 1934 District of Columbia Item Tem Perma po nent ra ry 1 Total Outside the District Entire service Perma T em po Total nent rary 1 Perma T em po Total nent ra ry1 N um ber of employees: August 1933_____________ 62, 774 5,034 67,808 460,520 46,651 507,171 523,294 51,685 574,979 July 1934____ ___________ 79, 582 8, 396 87, 978 496, 529 82,105 578,634 576, 111 90,501 666, 612 August 1934_____________ 81,811 9, 254 91, 065 498, 299 82, 740 581,039 580,110 91,994 672,104 Gain or loss: August 1933-August 1934. +19, 037 +4, 220 +23,257 +37, 779 +36,089 +73,868 +57,816 +40,309 +97,125 July 1934-August 1934___ + 2, 229 +858 +3,087 + 1, 770 +635 +2,405 +3,999 +1,493 +5,492 Percent of change: + 8 .2 +77.4 +14.6 +10.9 +78.0 +16.9 August 1933-August 1934. +30.3 +83.8 +34.3 +3. 5 + 0 .4 + 0 .8 + 0 .4 + 0 .7 + 1 .6 + 0 .8 July 1934-August 1934___ + 2 .8 +10.2 Labor turn-over August 1934: 7,995 24, 618 32, 613 11, 361 27,151 38, 512 A ddition s2_ _ . . . . _. 5,899 3, 366 2,533 2, 784 6,276 23,961 30, 237 Separations2________ . . . 7,437 25, 584 33,021 1,161 1, 623 28.04 1.44 18. 39 1.26 29.07 5.21 1.29 4.93 Turn-over rate per 100----3.11 1N ot including field employees of the Post Office Department. 2N ot including employees transferred within the Government service as such transfers should not be regarded as labor turn-over. Comparing August with July there was an increase of 3,087, or 3.5 percent in the number of Government employees working in the Dis trict of Columbia. The number of permanent employees increased 2.8 percent and the number of temporary employees 10.2 percent, comparing these two periods. Comparing August 1934 with August 1933, there was an increase of 30.3 percent in the number of permanent employees in the Dis trict of Columbia and an increase of 83.8 percent in the number of temporary employees, making a net increase of 34.3 percent for all Federal employees in the District of Columbia. The August turn over rate for 100 employees was 3.11, the monthly turn-over rate for permanent employees being 1.44 and for temporary employees 18.39. Employees in the executive departments outside of the city of Washington increased four-tenths of 1 percent comparing August with July. Comparing August 1934 with the corresponding month of the pre vious year, there was an increase of 14.6 percent in total employment outside of the District of Columbia. Table 2 shows employment in the executive departments of the United States Government, by months, January to August 1934, inclusive. T able 2 .—E M P L O Y M E N T IN T H E E X E C U T IV E D E P A R T M E N T S OF T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S B Y M O N T H S , 1934, F O R D IS T R IC T OF C O L U M B IA , O U T S ID E D I S T R I C T OF C O L U M B IA , A N D T O T A L S M onth District of Co lumbia Outside District of Co lumbia 78,045 79,913 81, 569 83,850 530,094 531,839 541, 990 560,258 January____________ February__________ M arch_____________ April Total 608,139 611, 752 623, 559 644,108 M onth M a y _______________ June___ ___________ July________ ________ August_____________ District of Co lumbia Outside District of Co lumbia 85,939 87,196 87,978 91,065 573,147 573,898 578, 634 581,039 Total 659,086 661,094 666, 612 672,104 34 There were over 13,000 more employees in the executive depart ments of the United States Government working in Washington, D.C., in August than in January 1934. The number of such employees outside of the District of Columbia increased 50,945 over this period* Table 3 shows the number of employees and amount of pay rolls in the various branches of the United States Government during July and August 1934. T able 3 —N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S IN T H E V A R IO U S B R A N C H E S OF T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S G O V E R N M E N T , J U L Y A N D A U G U S T 1934 Num ber of employees Am ount of pay roll Branch of service July Executive service— ............... ................................ M ilitary service........................................................ Judicial service—....................................................... Legislative service....... ............ ............ ................... Total _________________________________ August July August 666,612 268, 257 1, 750 3, 713 672,104 268,712 1,690 3,723 $94,158,132 20,391, 629 434, 736 978,908 $ 9 7,46 2,6 06 20 ,5 0 1 ,9 0 0 439, 014 977,966 940,332 946, 229 115,963,405 11 9,381,486 Slight increases were shown in the military and legislative service comparing August with July. The judicial service showed a decline comparing these 2 months. Table 4 shows the number of employees and amount of pay rolls for all branches of the United States Government, by months, from December 1933 to August 1934, inclusive. T able 4 . -N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S F O R A L L B R A N C H E S OF T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S G O V E R N M E N T B Y M O N T H S , D E C E M B E R 1933 T H R O U G H A U G U S T 1934 Executive service M onth N um ber of em ploy ees Am ount of pay roll M ilitary service Judicial service Legislative service N um N um N um ount ber of Am ount of ber of Amount ber of A mpay ■ * pay roll em ploy of pay em ploy of em ploy roll roll ees ees ees 1933 December______________ 608,670 i $82,011,601 263,622 $17,656,909 1,872 $432,435 3.864 $886,781 1934 January_______ ____ ___ February............ ............. M arch.......... .......... .......... A pril........... ....................... M a y ___________________ June...... .............. ........... . J u ly ................................... August............................... 608,139 i 77,450,498 611,752 i 83, 524, 296 623, 559 i 84,837,493 644,108 i 85,090, 283 659,086 89,577,479 91, 540, 629 661,094 666, 612 94,158,132 672,104 97,462,606 262,942 263,464 266, 285 266,923 266,864 267,038 268, 257 268, 712 1,780 417,000 1,742 1430,843 1,854 1443, 505 1,904 432,401 1,913 442,896 1,881 439,170 1, 750 434, 736 1,690 439,014 3,845 3,852 3,867 3.865 3,862 3,878 3, 713 3,723 871,753 926,363 928, 368 926,484 940, 666 944,758 978,908 977,966 1 Revised. 18,499,516 19, 532,832 19,050,158 18,816,636 19, 216,150 19,539,020 20, 391, 629 20,636,460 35 Employment Created by the Public Works Administration Fund, August 1934 URING the month ending August 15, 1934, over 602,000 em ployees were working at the site of Public Works Administration construction projects. This construction is financed wholly or in part from the Public Works Administration fund. These workers were paid more than $35,000,000 for their month’s work. D Employment on Construction Projects, by Type of Project Table 1 shows by type of project employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked during the month of August 1 1934 on Federal projects financed by the Public Works Administration fund. T able 1.—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON F E D E R A L P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M T H E P U B L IC W O R K S A D M I N I S T R A T I O N F U N D , D U R IN G A U G U S T 1934, B Y T Y P E OF P R O J E C T [Subject to revision] T ype of project Number Amount of Number of Average earnings of wage pay rolls man-hours per hour worked earners Building construction______________________ Public roads-------------- ---------------------------------River, harbor, and flood con trol.__ _________ Streets and roads 1 __________ _________________ Naval vessels.______ _________________________ Reclamation__________________________________ Forestry______________________________________ Water and sewerage. ____ ___________________ Miscellaneous________________________________ 34,504 280,247 50, 231 19,681 16,425 15,304 15, 093 1,688 17,706 $2,168,310 12,706,450 3 ,4 16,8 09 1,123, 918 2,0 04,0 23 1, 592,809 1,060,419 80,351 1, 531, 555 2,8 03,0 20 25,486, 773 5,400, 769 1,986,464 2,4 18,1 04 2, 536,430 1,624,844 124,345 2,6 20,4 77 $0.774 .49 9 .63 3 .56 6 .8 2 9 .6 2 8 .65 3 .64 6 .58 4 Total_____________________________ ______ 450,879 25, 684, 644 45 ,001,226 .571 Value of material orders placed $3,556,221 13 ,725 ,00 0 4 ,5 83,6 36 713,925 2,9 30,9 55 1,7 95,8 33 215,373 147,338 1,9 59,3 02 29,627, 583 » Other than those reported b y the Bureau of Public Roads. Federal projects are financed entirely by allotments made by the Public Works Administration to various departments and agencies o f the Federal Government. The construction work is done either by commercial firms to whom contracts are awarded by the Federal agencies or by day labor hired directly by such agencies. There were over 450,000 people working at the site of Federal con struction projects. This is a decrease of nearly 40,000 as compared with the month of July. The decrease was caused by the completion of many of the public-roads projects. Employment on public roads decreased by more than 39,000. All other types of construction, except naval vessels, forestry, and building construction showed an increase comparing these 2 months. Although employment on road building showed a large decrease, more than 60 percent of the workers on Federal construction projects were working on this type of work. More than 50,000 were engaged in river, harbor, and fiood-control work and over 30,000 in building construction. * Whenever the month of August is spoken of in this study it is assumed to mean the month ending August 15. 36 Employees on Federal construction projects worked over 45,000,000 hours and drew over $25,600,000 for their month’s work, an average of over 57 cents per hour. Hourly earnings ranged from 50 cents for public-road work to 83 cents for naval vessels. Material orders valued at nearly $30,000,000 were placed during the months ending August 15. Table 2 shows, by type of project, employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked during the month of August on non-Federal con struction projects financed from the Public Works Administration fund. T able S.—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON N O N F E D E R A L P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M T H E P U B L IC W O R K S A D M I N I S T R A T I O N F U N D D U R IN G A U G U S T 1934, B Y T Y P E OF P R O J E C T [Subject to revisionl T yp e of project Number of wage earners Number of Amount of man-hours Average earnings pay rolls per hour worked Value of material orders placed Building construction_________________________ Streets and roads_____________________ ______ Water and sewerage___________ _____________Railroad construction--------------- ----------------------Miscellaneous______________ _________________ 34,955 19, 086 28, 436 34, 347 847 $2,188,059 965,256 1, 576, 443 1,820, 735 57,953 2,692, 492 1, 514, 646 2, 270, 299 3, 779, 289 89, 420 $0.813 .637 .694 .482 .648 $4, 546,583 1, 337,672 3, 657, 206 988, 742 49,050 Total___________ ________________ ______ 117, 671 6,608,446 10,346,146 .639 10, 579, 253 Non-Federal projects are financed by allotments made from the Public Works Administration fund to a State or political subdivisions thereof, or in some cases to commercial firms. In the case of allot ments to States and their political subdivisions, the Public Works Administration makes a direct grant of 30 percent of the total con struction cost and the public agency to whom the loan is made finances the other 70 percent. In some cases, this 70 percent is obtained as a loan from the Public Works Administration; in other cases, the loan is obtained from outside sources. Where the loan is made by the Public Works Administration it bears interest and must be paid within a given period. No grants are made to commercial firms. Commercial allotments consist entirely of loans. By far the largest part of the commercial allotments have been made to rail roads. Railroad work falls under three headings: First, construction, such as electrification, laying of rails and ties, repairs to buildings, etc.; second, building and repairing of locomotives and passenger and freight cars in railroad shops; third, the building of locomotives and passenger and freight cars in commercial shops. Data concerning employment created by railroad construction is shown in table 2. Employment in railroad shops is shown in table 5, page 37. 37 More than 117,000 workers were engaged at the site of nonFederal construction projects during the month of August. This is an increase of over 15,000 as compared with July. These workers were paid over $6,500,000 for more than 10,000,000 hours of work. They earned an average of nearly 64 cents per hour. Railroad construction showed the lowest average hourly earnings and building construction the highest. Material orders totaled over $10,500,000. Employment on Construction Projects, by Geographic Divisions T able 3 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked dur ing August 1934 on Federal construction projects financed from the Public Works Administration fund, by geographic divisions. T able 3 .—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON F E D E R A L P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M T H E P U B L IC W O R K S A D M IN IS T R A T IO N F U N D , D U R IN G A U G U S T 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV IS IO N [Subject to revision] earners Wage < Geographic division Number W eekly em ployed average Number of Amount of man-hours Average earnings pay rolls worked per hour Value of material orders placed 20,433 46,841 66, 581 62,073 62,457 44, 111 54, 800 53, 937 31, 786 20,084 45,609 65,157 60,192 59, 563 42, 327 52,324 53,067 30, 761 $1,456,289 2, 740,150 3, 575,442 2,917,817 3,486,868 2,171,836 2, 293, 588 4,195,669 2, 415,069 2,400,413 4, 745,383 5, 763,497 5, 266, 374 6, 323, 450 4, 683,824 5,152,629 6,476,120 3, 372,859 $0.607 .577 .620 .554 .551 .464 .445 .648 .716 $1,038,888 2,036,011 1,360,130 1,638, 726 3,698,513 920,994 1,026, 743 2,689, 369 1, 040,932 Total continental United States K 443,164 Outside continental United States____ 7, 715 429, 229 6,796 25, 273,800 410, 844 44,205,325 795,901 .572 .516 2 29,179, 520 Grand total___ _________________ 450,879 436, 025 25,684, 644 45,001, 226 .571 29,627, 583 New England______ _ ___ __________ M iddle A tla n tic _____ ____________ _ East North Central. ________________ West North Central__________________ South A tla n t ic _________ __ _ _ _ ____ East South Central.................................. West South Central__________________ M o u n ta in _____ ______________________ Pacific_____________ ________________ 448,063 1 Includes data for 145 wage earners which cannot be charged to any specific geographic division. 2 Includes $13,725,000 estimated value of material orders placed for public-roads projects which cannot be charged to any specific geographic division. There were more than 60,000 workers employed in each of the following divisions: East North Central, West North Central, and vSouth Atlantic. Over $4,000,000 was disbursed in the Mountain States during August. Workers in both the East North Central and the South Atlantic States drew over $3,000,000 for their month’s pay. Average hourly earnings ranged from 45 cents in the West South Central States to 72 cents in the Pacific States. Table 4 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked during August 1934 on non-Federal construction projects financed from the Public Works Administration fund, by geographic division. 38 T able 4 .—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O LLS , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON N O N -F E D E R A L P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M T H E P U B L IC W O R K S A D M I N I S T R A T I O N F U N D D U R IN G A U G U S T 1934, B Y T Y P E OF P R O J E C T [Subject to revision] Wage earners Geographic division Number W eekly em ployed average N um ber of Average Am ount of man-hours earnings pay rolls worked per hour Value of material orders placed 16,542 18,112 18,590 15, 294 23, 719 5,216 4,047 6,794 8,607 13,339 16,057 15, 334 12, 511 20,527 4,440 3. 274 5, 730 7,238 $968, 723 1,108,261 1, 226,190 691,120 1,474,064 242,662 161,477 329,732 374,836 1,584,840 1,656, 516 1,616,082 1,047, 634 2,478,449 452,196 309,699 577,464 564,610 $0.611 .669 .759 .660 .595 .537 .521 .571 .664 $1,107,697 2,219,335 1,930, 588 1,414,004 1, 769,327 253,425 446,084 522,741 832,016 Total continental United States. 116,921 Outside continental United States........ 750 98,450 602 6,577.065 31.381 10, 287,490 58,656 .639 .535 10,495, 217 84,036 117,671 99,052 6, 608,446 10b 316,146 .639 10,579, 253 New England............................................ M iddle Atlantic........................................ East North Central................................. West North Central......... ............ .......... South Atlantic.............................. - ......... East South Central__________________ West South Central____ ___________ M ountain............................. ..................... P a cific................ ................................... Grand total...... .............................. Nearly 24,000 workers were employed in the South Atlantic States during August, while more than 18,000 were working in both the Mid dle Atlantic and East North Central States. Pay rolls amounted to over $1,000,000 in each of the three geographic divisions enumerated above. Hourly earnings ranged from 52 cents in the West South Central States to 75 cents in the East North Central States. Table 5 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked in railroad shops on work financed from the Public Works Administra tion fund during August 1934, by geographic divisions. T able 5 —E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D IN R A IL R O A D SH OPS ON W O R K F IN A N C E D F R O M T H E P U B L IC W O R K S A D M I N I S T R A T I O N F U N D D U R IN G A U G U S T 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV IS IO N [Subject to revision] Geographic division N ew England....................................................... . M iddle Atlantic________ _____________ _______ East North Central......... ....................................... West North C entral................................ .............. South A tlantic____________ ________ _____ ___ East South Central-............................................... W est South Central................................................ M ountain___ _________ __________________ Pacific................ ................... ........................... T o t a l ...__________ _________________ Number N umber of Average of wage Am ount of man-hours earnings pay rolls earners worked per hour Value of material orders placed 591 5,641 3,529 1, 611 181 2,743 2,463 907 3,387 $66,535 433, 384 323, 561 92,476 8,151 291,407 149,520 45,420 232,115 102,631 653, 281 503,590 143, 393 15, 610 475,098 250,888 71,863 372,381 $0. 648 .663 .643 .645 .522 .613 .596 .632 .623 $328,440 3,194,885 247,855 64,101 11,161 55,993 71,876 28,130 91,031 21,053 1,642,569 2, 588, 735 .635 4,093, 472 More than 25 percent of the railroad shop workers engaged on Public Works Administration projects were working in the Middle Atlantic States. Workers in this division drew over $400,000 for their months pay. Railroad shop employees worked over 2,500,000 hours during this month. The workers averaged nearly 64 cents per hour. 39 In the South Atlantic States the hourly rate was less than 53 cents. In the Middle Atlantic States more than 66 cents. Only 2 geographic divisions, the South Atlantic and the West South Central, showed average hourly earnings of less than 60 cents. Table 6 shows expenditures for materials from the beginning of the Public Worlds Administration program in July 1933 to August 15, 1934. T able 6 —VALUE OF M A T E R IA L ORDERS PLACED ON PUBLIC W O RK S PROJECTS B Y T Y P E OF M A T E R IA L [Subject to revision] Value of material orders placed Type of material Aircraft (new )_______ __________________ Airplane parts_________________________ Aluminum manufactures______________ Amm unition and related products_____ Asbestos_ ____________________________ _ Awnings, tents, canvas, etc____________ Belting, miscellaneous_________________ Boat building, steel and wooden (small) Bolts, nuts, washers, etc_______________ Carpets and rugs_______________________ Carriages and wagons__________________ Cast-iron pipe and fittings_____________ Cement______ ____ ____________________ Chemicals— _____ _____________________ Clay products______ ___________________ Coal___________________________________ Compressed and liquefied Concrete products_______ Copper products_________ Cordage and twine---------Cork p rod ucts........... ........ Cotton goods____________ Creosote...... .............. ......... Crushed stone___________ ________________________________________ Doors, shutters, and window sash and frames, molding and trim (m etal)___ Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies_____________________________ Elevators and parts_______________________________________________________ Engines, turbines, tractors, water wheels, and windmills___________________ E xplosives.______ ______________________________________ ______ ___________ Felt goods_________________________________________________________________ Firearms_________ ____ ____________________________________________________ Forgings, iron and steel____________________________________________________ Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified______________ Furniture, including store and office fixtures_______________________________ G la s s ...___________________________________________________________________ Hardware, miscellaneous______________________________________ ____ _______ Instruments, professional and scientific____________________________________ Jute goods_________________________________________________________________ Lighting equipment_______________________________________________________ Lim e____________________________________________________________ _________ Linoleum _________________ ________________________________________________ Locomotives, oil-electric__________________ _________________________________ Locomotives, steam_____________ _________________________________ ________ Lumber and timber products_______________________________________ _______ Machine tools________________ _____________________________________________ Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products____________________________ Mattresses and bed springs________________________________________________ Meters (gas, water, etc.), and gas generators_______________________________ Minerals and earths, ground or otherwise treated__________________________ M otor vehicles, passenger.____ ____________________________________________ M otor vehicles, trucks______________________________________ ____ _________ Nails and spikes___________________________________________________________ Nonferrous-metal alloys, nonferrous-metal products, except aluminum, not elsewhere classified_____________ _________________________________________ Paints and varnishes_____________________________________________ ______ _ Paper products__________________________________- ........ .......... .......................... From begin During ning of pro gram to July month ending Aug. 15, 1934 15,1934 $4,284,890 4, 243, 243 43,359 75,726 42,292 136,451 13,019 529, 702 1,596,404 30,391 15,854 5,185,095 49,062,654 145,865 3,709,642 420,011 120,130 5,035, 379 248,847 160, 781 25,857 59,437 445,821 15, 558, 604 1, 719,842 16,730,915 2, 522,164 1,760,687 86, 747 306,637 2,479,670 45,087,048 403,172 249,329 1, 596,662 1,129, 586 23,620 975,810 78,967 7,920 330,923 5, 707,369 21,099, 251 2,177,363 5, 542, 297 7, 779 67,692 72,482 145,983 348,022 466, 594 $143,569 51,849 503,074 8,450 5,264 1,549 246,800 108,598 114 1,094 1,035,849 5,402,351 18,342 852, 703 93,179 23,095 1,371,429 69,952 13,104 10,094 6,531 927 1,815,790 88, 292 3,251,038 32,965 139,319 189,213 62,921 442,152 277,140 5,844,454 291,774 38,434 231,163 159,349 9,754 88,557 17,821 2,293 181,843 1,129,695 2,149,025 719,323 584,769 5,139 43,741 7,897 7,204 49,152 13,103 721,740 911,770 15, 993 35,867 154,117 3,344 40 T able 6 .—V A L U E OF M A T E R I A L O R D E R S P L A C E D ON P U B L IC W O R K S B Y T Y P E OF M A T E R I A L —Continued PROJECTS. [Subject to revision] Value of material orders placed T yp e of material Paving materials and mixtures____________________________________________ Petroleum products_______________________________________________________ Photographic apparatus and materials____________________________________ Planing-mill products____ ____ _______________ ___________________________ Plumbing supplies__________________________________________ ____ ________ Pumps and pumping equipment----------------------------------------------------------------Radio apparatus and supplies_____________________________________________ Rail fastenings, excluding spikes.---------- ----------------------------------------------------Rails, steel___________________________________________________________ ____ Railway cars, freight______________________________________________________ Railway cars, mail and express____________________________________________ Railway cars, passenger___________________________________________________ Refrigerators and refrigerator cabinets, including mechanical refrigerators___ Roofing, built-up and roll; asphalt shingles; roof coatings, other than p a in t.. . Rubber good s.-------- --------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------Sacks and bags_______ _______________ ____________________________________ Sand and gravel____________________________________________________ ______ Sheet-metal w ork_________________________________________________________ Smelting and refining lead________________________________________________ Smelting and refining z in c..---------------------------------------------- -------------------------Springs, steel____________________________________________________ ________ Steam and hot-water heating apparatus___________________________________ Steam and other packing, pipe and boiler covering, and gaskets___________ Steel-works and rolling-mill products, other than steel rails, including struc tural and ornamental metal w ork_______________________________________ Stoves and ranges (other than electric) and warm-air furnaces)____________ Switches, railway----------- ------- --------------------------------------------------------------------Theatrical scenery and stage equipment___________________________________ Tools, other than machine tools_________________________________ _________ Upholstering materials, not elsewhere classified___________________________ W all plaster, wall board, insulating board, and floor com position__________ Waste_____________________________________________________________________ W indow and door screens and weather strip_______________________________ W indow shades and fixtures_______________________________________________ Wire, drawn from purchased rods_________________________________________ Wirework, not elsewhere classified________________________________________ Wrought pipe, welded and heavy riveted_________________________________ Other_______________________ _____________________________________________ T otal---------- -------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------- From begin M onth ning of pro gram to July month ending Aug. 15, 1934 15,1934 $6, 741,192 11,811,255 9, 856 1,850,316 3, 385,116 4, 760, 356 238,813 4, 757, 927 17, 368,805 34, 522, 560 219,157 5, 661, 773 462, 648 986, 023 166, 552 12, 897 26, 307, 293 1, 567, 035 80, 746 3,853 536, 260 2,194, 690 304, 200 $950, 368 1, 522,834 719 336,704 582,948 611, 577 329,243 31,178 7,821 1, 341 210, 286 1,140, 662 65, 941 182, 551 29, 23. 2,413 3,197, 754 118, 359 22, 585 13, 556 1,764 314, 321 54,888 63,138, 507 72,171 752, 021 23, 651 2, 377,112 67, 477 671, 535 15, 657 41, 219 22, 921 2,158, 494 327, 739 177,902 16, 399,908 5, 047, 616 24,138 15, 627 2, 050 288, 790 14, 361 125, 017 1,014 19, 322 6, 790 65, 863 122, 697 50, 721 3,414,026 414,159,125 46,961,648 During the 12-month period ending July 15, purchase orders were placed for materials to cost over $414,000,000. The total purchases of steel-works and rolling-mill products amounted to over $63,000,000; foundry and machine-shop products, over $44,000,000; railroad freight cars, over $34,000,000; and cement, over $49,000,000. During the month of August orders were placed for materials valued at nearly $47,000,000. It is estimated that the fabrication of the materials for which orders were placed during August will create approximately 130,000 man-months of labor. Table 7 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked by employees since the inception of the Public Works Administration program in August 1933 to August 1934, inclusive. 41 T able 7 .—E M P L O Y M E N T P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D D U R IN G A U G U S T 1933 T O A U G U S T 1934, ON P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M T H E P U B L IC W O R K S A D M I N IS T R A T IO N F U N D , B Y M O N T H S [Subject to revision] Number of wage earners M onth Amount of pay rolls Number of man-hours worked Average earnings per hour Value of ma terial orders placed 1933 A ugust_______ ___________________ September__________________________ October^...- _______________________ Novem ber 1___ _______ _________ December »__•______________________ 4,699 33,836 121,403 254, 784 270,408 $280, 040 1,961,496 7,325, 313 14, 458, 364 15,424, 700 539, 454 3,920,009 14, 636, 603 27,862, 280 29,866, 249 $0.519 .500 .500 .519 .516 $202,100 1,622,365 2 22, 513,767 24, 299, 055 24,850,188 1934 January _ __ ___ ___________ ___ February 1__________ ______________ March 1. . _ ________________________ April *______________________________ M ay 4____ ___________ ___________ J u n e4- . . ________ ____ __ _____ July 4_______________________________ A u g u st4 ___ ______________ ________ 273,583 295,741 292, 696 371, 234 491,166 592,057 624,286 602, 581 14, 574,960 15, 246, 423 15, 636, 545 17,907,842 25, 076, 908 32, 783, 533 33, 829,858 35,142, 770 27, 658, 591 28, 938,177 29,171, 634 31, 559,966 44, 912, 412 58, 335,119 59,436, 314 59,943,828 .527 .527 .536 .567 .558 .562 .569 .586 23, 522,929 24, 565,004 3 69, 334, 408 3 66, 639,862 3 49, 720, 378 3 57, 589,895 3 49, 299,174 3 46,961,648 229,648, 752 416,780,136 .551 461,120,773 Total_________ __ __ _______ 1 Revised. 2 In clu iss orders placed for naval vessels prior to October. 3 Includes orders placed b y railroads for new equipment. 4 Includes data for commercial car and locomotive shops. The total earnings over the 13-month period amounted to nearly $230,000,000. This construction program has provided at the site of the construction projects over 400,000,000 man-hours of labor. The earnings have averaged over 55 cents per hour over the 13-month period. It is estimated that the manufacture of materials for which orders have been placed will create nearly 1,240,000 man-months of labor. This only accounts for the labor in fabricating the material in the form in which it is to be used. For example, only labor in manu facturing bricks is counted, not the labor in taking the clay from the banks or in hauling the clay and other materials used in the brick product. In fabricating steel rails, only the labor in the rolling mill is counted, not labor created in mining and smelting the ore, or labor in the blast furnace, the open-hearth furnace, or the blooming mill. Emergency Work Relief Program VER 1,200,000 people are now given employment by the emer gency work program of the Federal Emergency Relief Adminis tration. Table 8 shows the number of employees and the amounts of pay rolls for the workers on the emergency work program for the weeks ending July 26 and August 30. O 42 T able 8 .—N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S F O R W O R K E R S ON E M E R G E N C Y W O R K P R O G R A M , J U L Y 26 A N D A U G . 30, 1934 Number of employees week ending— Am ount of pay roll week ending— Geographic division July 26 Aug. 30 July 26 Aug. 30 N ew England...... ................................................. . M iddle Atlantic....... ................. . . ........................... East North Central....... ............................ ............. W est North Central.................................... .......... South Atlantic...... .............................. .................... East South Central....................... ........... ............. W est South Central................................................. M ountain___________________________________ Pacific___________ __________ _______________ _ 95.836 232,549 205,812 179,238 148,468 99,170 110,287 62,665 60,415 93, 500 167, 227 217,179 185,973 143,851 118,074 141,010 61,177 83,843 $1,173,810 3,746, 204 2,014,773 1,247,098 954,964 538,185 806,752 688,640 723,011 $1,080,328 2,774,873 2,199,905 1,352,122 938,941 627,996 971,873 694,546 976,921 T ota l................................................................. Percent of change______________ ______________ 1,194,440 1, 211,834 + 1 .5 11,893,437 11,617,505 - 2 .3 There was an increase of 1.5 percent in the number of employees comparing the last week in August with the last week in July. Pay rolls for the same period decreased 2.3 percent. Table 9 shows the number of employees and amounts of pay rolls for those given jobs on the emergency work program of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, by months, from the inception of the program in March to August 1934, inclusive. T able 9 .—N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S F O R W O R K E R S ON E M E R G E N C Y W O R K P R O G R A M , B Y M O N T H S M onth M arch___________________ A p r il.................................... M a y _____________________ Number of employees Am ount of pay roll 22,934 786,829 866,779 $842,000 42,558, 711 39,067,337 M onth Number of Amount of employees pay roll 969,466 June____________________ July............................. ....... 1,136, 563 August__________________ i 1, 251, 529 $42,438,091 46,466,611 i 61,093,001 1 Subject to revision. There were less than 23,000 workers on this program in March and by August the number of employees had increased over 1,200,000. Emergency Conservation Work N AUGUST 31 there were 385,340 men in the civilian conserva tion camps. This is a decrease of nearly 4,000 as compared with July. The decrease was entirely confined to the intermittent labor in the camps. Table 10 shows the employment and pay rolls for emergency con servation work during the months of July and August 1934, by type of work. O 43 T a b l e 1 0 . — E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN T H E E M E R G E N C Y C O N S E R V A T IO N W O R K , J U L Y A N D A U G U S T 1934 A m ount of pay rolls Number of employees Group July Enrolled personnel..................... .......... .............. — Reserve officers_______________________________ Education advisors__________________________ Supervisory and technical1 ____________________ T otal___________________________________ July August August 346,637 6,034 1,102 2 35,331 346,805 6,092 1,095 3 31,348 $10,825,476 1,509,157 176, 765 3, 521,336 $10,830,714 1,522,675 175,669 3,834,768 389,104 385,340 16,032,734 16,363.826 * Includes carpenters, electricians, and laborers. 8 26,533 included in executive service table. * 28,493 included in executive service table. The pay rolls for the Emergency Conservation Work for August amounted to over $16,300,000. In addition to their pay, the enrolled personnel receive free board, clothing, and medical attention. Data concerning employment and pay rolls for Emergency Conser vation Work are collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the War Department, Department of Agriculture, Treasury Depart ment, and the Department of the Interior. The pay of the enrolled personnel is figured as follows: 5 percent are paid $45 per month, 8 percent $36 per month, and the remaining 87 percent $30 per month. Table 11 shows monthly totals of employees and pay rolls in Emergency Conservation Work from the inception of the program in May 1933 to August 1934, inclusive. T able 1 1 .—M O N T H L Y T O T A L S OF E M P L O Y E E S , A N D P A Y R O L L S IN T H E E M E R G E N C Y C O N S E R V A T IO N W O R K F R O M M A Y 1933 T O A U G U S T 1934 M onth 1933 M a y ____________ _______ June____________________ July_____________________ Ausjust____ __________ _ September____________ _ October_____ __________ N ovem ber________ _____ December______ _______ . Number of employees Amount of pay roll M onth 191,380 283, 481 316,109 307,100 242,968 294, 861 344,273 321, 701 $6,388,760 9,876, 780 11,482, 262 11,604,401 9, 759,628 12,311,033 14, 554, 695 12,951,042 1934 January___ _____________ February __ _______ ____ March __ ____________ April . _ _____ ___ M a y ____________________ June____________________ July_____________________ August____ _____________ Number of employees 331,594 321,829 247,591 314,664 335,871 280,271 389,104 385,312 Amount of pay roll $13,581,506 13,081,393 10, 792,319 13,214,018 14,047,512 12,641,401 16,032,734 16,360,938 Employment on Public Roads Other Than P. W . A. Projects HE carry-over appropriations of the Federal- and State-aid pro gram are nearly exhausted. In August there were less than 4,000 men employed. Most of the Federal road building is now being financed from the public-works fund. Workers that are paid from this fund are shown in table 1, page 43. Table 1 shows the number of employees (exclusive of those paid from the public-works fund) engaged in the building and maintenance of Federal and State roads during the months of July and August 1934, by geographic divisions. T 44 T able 1 — N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S E N G A G E D IN T H E C O N S T R U C T IO N A N D M A I N T E N A N C E OF P U B L IC R O A D S , S T A T E A N D F E D E R A L , D U R IN G JU L Y A N D A U G U S T , 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV ISIO N S i Federal Geographic division Number of em ployees July State A mount of pay rolls August Number of em ployees July August July Am ount of pay rolls August July August N ew England______________ M iddle Atlantic_________. . . East North Central________ West North Central........ . South A tla n t ic ____________ East South Atlantic_____ . . West South Atlantic. _____ M ountain._____ ____________ Pacific______ _______________ 33 997 599 115 120 43 1, 050 1,269 612 0 880 626 78 97 13 467 1,057 547 $1,579 62,168 39, 061 5, 444 5, 525 3,141 40,179 81, 286 50,455 0 $55, 597 39, 776 2,883 3,355 623 14,932 55, 699 51,176 18, 392 56,168 35,678 18,812 38,829 8,980 18,051 8,131 10,865 22,037 $1,024,839 $1,323,653 60,359 2,984, 237 3,151,646 35,964 1,914, 210 2,125, 316 23,974 909,195 1,150,884 41,049 1,525,805 1, 555,871 14,094 463,894 518,858 18, 064 1,036,181 1,116,539 8,960 558, 279 626,639 9,178 839,045 857,496 Total_________________ Percent of change.. ______ Outside continental United States. __________________ 4,838 3,765 -2 2 .2 288,838 224,041 -2 2 .4 213,906 233,739 11, 255,685 12,426,902 +10.4 + 9 .3 155 168 8,958 12,863 71 8,261 i Excluding employment furnished by projects financed from public-works fund. There was an increase of more than 20,000 in the number of road workers paid wholly from State funds, comparing August with July. Increases in pay rolls amounted to nearly $1,200,000. Of the State road workers, 77.1 percent were employed in maintaining existing roads, and only 22.9 percent in building new roads. Nearly 25 percent of the State road workers were working in the Middle Atlantic division— that is, in the States of Pennsylvania New York, and New Jersey. Table 2 shows the number of employees engaged in the construction and maintenance of public roads, State and Federal, January to August 1934, inclusive. T able 2 — N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S E N G A G E D IN T H E C O N S T R U C T IO N A N D M A I N T E N A N C E OF P U B L IC R O A D S , S T A T E A N D F E D E R A L , J A N U A R Y T O A U G U S T , 1934, IN C L U S IV E i Number of employees working on— M onth State roads Federal roads New January___________________ __________________ February_________ ____________________________ M arch______________________ __________________ A pril___________________________ ______________ M a y _____ _______________________ _____________ June_________ ______ ________________________ Ju ly__________________________________________ August_____________________________ ______ ____ 7, 633 2, 382 1,396 1,932 3,941 4,678 4,993 3,933 25, 345 22, 311 19,985 21,510 27,161 37,642 45,478 53, 540 Maintenance 136,440 126,904 132,144 136,038 167,274 i 1 170,879 | 168,428 i 180,270 1 Excluding employment furnished b y projects financed from the public-works fund. Total 161,785 149,216 152,129 157,548 194,435 208,521 213,906 233, £10 45 Employment on Construction Projects Financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, August 1934 EARLY 17,000 people were on the pay rolls of contractors engaged on construction projects financed by the Self-Liquidating Division of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation during the month ending August 15. Table 1 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Cor poration, by type of project. N T 1 .—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O LLS , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D B Y T H E S E L F -L IQ U ID A T IN G D IV IS IO N OF T H E R E C O N S T R U C T IO N F IN A N C E C O R P O R A T IO N D U R IN G A U G U S T 1934, B Y T Y P E OF P R O J E C T able [Subject to revision] Number of wage earners T yp e of project Number of manhours worked Average earnings per hour Value of material purchased ____________________ 2,770 4, 929 2, 370 5,069 2,011 $311, 224 394,893 153, 743 615,118 213,034 274,568 484,839 340, 380 873,885 312, 614 $1.134 .814 .452 .704 .681 $289, 542 942,854 106,431 496, 777 467,912 17,149 Building construction_____ _______________ Bridges....... ................ Reclamation______________________________ Water and sewage-- - _ ________________ Miscellaneous________ _____________ . . . _ Total___ _____ Amount of pay roll 1, 688,012 2, 286, 286 .738 2,303, 516 Pay rolls for the month ending August 15 totaled nearly $1,700,000 for employees working at the site of Reconstruction Finance Corpora tion construction projects. These men worked nearly 2,300,000 hours and earned almost 74 cents per hour. The hourly earnings ranged from 45 cents for reclamation projects to $1.13 for building construc tion. Table 2 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on contracts financed by the Self-Liquidating Division of the Reconstruc tion Finance Corporation, by geographic divisions. T 2 .—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D B Y T H E S E L F -L IQ U ID A T IN G D IV IS IO N OF T H E R E C O N S T R U C T IO N F IN A N C E C O R P O R A T IO N D U R IN G A U G U S T 1934 B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV IS IO N able [Subject to revision] Geographic division Number of Amount of Number of man-hours wage pay roll worked earners Average earnings per hour Value of material purchased New England______ ____ __ ________ . M iddle A tla n t ic _________________________ East North Central_______________________ West North Central______________________ South Atlantic____________________________ East South Central_______________________ West South Central______________________ M ountain_____ ________________________ Pacific____________ _______ __________ __ 0 4,171 287 54 725 119 773 2,451 8, 569 0 $449,963 36,470 2,556 35,828 5,107 74,499 161,834 921, 755 0 435,834 36,463 3,753 83, 552 18,039 97, 506 348,387 1, 262,752 0 $1.032 1.000 .681 .429 .283 .764 .465 .730 0 $810, 536 23,268 0 11, 741 1,550 42,288 110,122 1,304,011 Total___ ________________ ___________ 17,149 1, 688,012 2, 286, 286 .738 2,303, 516 Of the 17,000 workers, more than 8,000 were employed in the Pacific States and over 4,000 in the Middle Atlantic States. 46 Hourly earnings averaged from less than 29 cents in the East South Central States to over $1.03 in the Middle Atlantic States. Table 3 shows data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked during the months April to August, inclusive, on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. T able 3 —E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D D U R IN G A P R IL T O A U G U S T 1934 ON P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D B Y T H E S E L F -L IQ U ID A T IN G D IV IS IO N OF T H E R E C O N S T R U C T IO N F IN A N C E C O R P O R A T IO N [Subject to revision] Number of Amount of Num ber of wage pay rolls man-hours earners worked M onth A pril_______ _ __________ _______________ M a y ____ __________________ ______ _______ June________________________ ____________ July______________________________________ A ugust____________________________ _______ 18. 638 19,274 19, 218 17, 760 17,149 $1,518,479 1, 636, 503 1, 743,318 1,624,924 1,688,012 2,302, 739 2,334,060 2,412, 342 2,183, 560 2,286, 286 Average earnings per hour $0. 659 .701 .723 .744 .738 Value of material orders placed $2, 297,479 2,120,498 2,189, 538 2, 332, 554 2,303,516 Table 4 shows by types of projects the materials purchased by con tractors working on construction projects financed by the Reconstruc tion Finance Corporation. It is estimated that 6,000 man-months of labor were created in fabricating this material. T able 4 —M A T E R IA L S P U R C H A S E D D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G A U G . 15, 1934, F O R P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D B Y T H E S E L F -L IQ U ID A T IN G D IV IS IO N OF T H E R E C O N S T R U C T IO N F IN A N C E C O R P O R A T IO N , B Y T Y P E OF M A T E R I A L Typ e of material Bolts, nuts, rivets, etc____ ______________________ _______ _____________________________ Cast-iron pipe and fittings______________________ _____ _______________________________ Cem ent___________________________________ __________________________________________ Clay products--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Coal_______ ___________________ ______________________________________________________ Compressed and liquefied gases__________________ ________ ____________________________ Concrete products____ _______________________________________________________________ Copper products____ ___________________________________ ______________________________ Cordage and tw ine_______________________________________ ____________________________ Electrical machinery and supplies_______ ____ _______________________________________ E xp losiv es...____ ______________________ ___________ _________________________________ Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified_________________________ Fuel oil____ __________________________________________________________________________ Gasoline______ ______ _________________________________________________________________ Hardware, miscellaneous_____________________________________________________________ Lubricating oils and greases__________________________________________________________ Lum ber and timber products_________________________________________________________ Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products______________________________________ M otor vehicles_____________________________________________ _________________________ Nails and spikes___ ______ _______________________ ___________________________________ Paints and varnishes____ _____________________________________________________________ Plum bing supplies_____ ______________________________________________________________ Pum ps and pumping equipm ent_____________________________________________________ Roofing______________ ________________________________________________________________ Rubber goods---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sand and gravel-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sheet metal work______________________________________ ____ __________________________ Steel-works and rolling-mill products, including structural and ornamental metal work Tools, other than machine tools________________________________ ______________________ W i r e . . . ____ _________________________________________________________________________ Wirework, not elsewhere classified_________ ________ ________ _________________________ Miscellaneous materials____________________________ __________________________________ T ota l........................... ........................................................................................................... 1 Subject to revision. Value of materials purchased 1 $3,805 33,281 118,149 25,018 2, 331 4,273 134,119 215,298 2,269 133,790 102,970 198,921 8, 767 37,067 51,057 4,832 155,114 3,124 9,822 2,253 1,022 40,560 4,098 1,044 4,111 53,797 5,695 779,082 8,611 42,442 2,117 114,677 2,303,516 47 Wage-Rate Changes in American Industries Manufacturing Industries HE following table presents information concerning wage-rate adjustments occurring between July 15 and August 15, 1934, as shown by reports received from 25,016 manufacturing establishments employing 3,749,639 workers in August. One hundred and fifty-three establishments in 42 industries reported wage-rate increases averaging 7.7 percent and affecting 17,344 employees. Fourteen establishments in 10 industries reported decreases which averaged 8 percent and affected 354 workers. The outstanding wage-rate adjustment was an average increase of 5.8 percent received by 4,262 wage earners in 4 establishments in the engine, turbine, tractor, and water-wheel industry. Nine establishments in the paper and pulp industry gave an average increase of 8.6 percent to 1,919 workers, while a like number of electric-railroad repair shops reported an average increase of 4 percent to 1,207 employees. An average increase of 5 percent was received by 1,091 workers in 2 leather plants, one of 9.9 percent to 935 employees was reported by 9 establishments in the radio and phonograph industry, one of 5.2 percent was given to 921 wage earners in the petroleum-refining industry, and one of 8.9 percent was received by 847 workers in 15 establishments in the newspaper and periodical industry. The increases in each of the remaining industries affected 622 employees or less. T T able 1.—W A G E -R A T E C H A N G E S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G A U G . 15, 1934 Industry All manufacturing industries____ Percent of total_____________ Ire# and steel and their products, not including machinery: Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills___________j! Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets_____________________ Cast-iron pipe—........................ Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools_________________ Forgings, iron and steel_____ Hardware___ _____ _________ Plumbers’ supplies.................. Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steam fit tings______________________ Stoves______________________ Structural and ornamental metalwork_____ __________ T in cans and other tinware.— 1 Less than Ho of 1 percent. Estab lish ments report ing Number of establish ments reporting— Total number of em ployees 25,016 3,749,639 100.0 100.0 Num ber of employees having— No Wage- WageWage- Wagewage- rate in rate de N o wage- rate in rate de rate rate creases creases changes creases creases changes 24,849 99.3 153 .6 14 3,731,941 .1 99.5 17,344 .5 232 259,133 232 259,133 59 53 8,883 10,849 59 53 8,883 10,849 182 93 120 92 14,124 9,049 29, 712 9,436 180 90 120 92 2 3 13,562 8,507 29,712 9,436 562 542 98 230 20,065 26,105 96 229 2 1 20,016 26,101 49 4 304 64 21,416 12,578 301 63 3 1 21,376 12,540 40 38 354 0) 48 T able 1.—W A G E -R A T E CH ANG ES IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U ST R IE S D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G A U G . 15, 1934—Continued Industry Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery—Con. Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws)............................... W ire work.................... ........... Machinery, not including trans portation equipment: Agricultural implements......... Cash registers, adding ma chines, and calculating ma chines...................................... Electrical machinery, appara tus, and supplies................... Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels......... ......... Foundry and machine-shop products.................................. Machine tools............................ Radios and phonographs____ Textile machinery and parts. Typewriters and parts............ Transportation equipment: Aircraft........................ ............. Automobiles.......... - .................. Cars, e le c t r ic -a n d s te a m railroad........ .......................... Locom otives.............................. Shipbuilding.............................. Railroad repair shops: Electric railroad_____________ Steam railroad........................... N o n f e r r o u s metals and their products: Aluminum manufactures....... Brass, bronze, and copper products.................................. Clocks and watches and timerecording devices................. Jewelry..................................... Lighting equipment________ Silverware and plated ware. _ Smelting and refining—cop per, lead, and zinc............... Stamped and enameled ware. Lumber and allied products: Furniture................................ Lumber: M illw ork......................... Sawmills.......................... Turpentine and ro s in ......... Stone, clay, and glass products: Brick, tile, and terra cotta___ Cement..................................... . Glass......................................... . Marble, granite, slate, and other p rod u cts.................... . Pottery...................................... Textiles and their products: Fabrics: Carpets and rugs.............. Cotton goods___________ Cotton small wares.......... Dyeing and finishing tex tiles.................................. Hats, fur-felt........ ............ . Knit goods....................... Silk and rayon goods___ W oolen and worsted goods-------------------------- Number of establish ments reporting— Estab lish ments report ing Total number of em ployees 138 113 9,577 8,761 85 Number of employees having— 10,292 No Wage- Wage- No wage- Wage- Wagerate rate rate in- rate de- changes rate in- rate decreases changes 138 113 9,577 8,761 10,292 28 16,649 28 16,649 442 126,577 437 126,403 174 105 25,986 101 21,724 4,262 1,677 216 60 91 13 154,148 20,636 39,063 11,810 11,870 216 53 91 13 154,010 20,636 38,128 11,810 11,870 “ '935 30 326 7,040 300,268 30 324 7,040 300,256 12 61 115 19,390 4,881 33,244 61 10 113 19,390 4,881 32,586 380 573 20,085 76,216 371 573 18,878 76,216 10 37 6,515 40,628 40,624 196 74 10,444 9,436 4,037 9,226 196 73 44 224 15,865 24,625 222 43 1 2 614 56,503 709 758 35 29,607 90,744 2,672 707 754 34 20,459 16,920 49,507 630 123 173 2 1 141 622 1,207 6,515 312 138 10,444 9,436 4,031 15,273 24,598 592 27 5 56,241 262 2 3 1 29,589 90,316 2,392 18 408 280 20,266 16,814 49,507 193 106 173 5,116 18,894 258 141 5,031 18,894 85 30 717 128 16,413 287,366 30 717 128 16,413 287,366 10,868 180 41 41,705 7,842 115,587 51,054 180 37 496 302 41,705 7,585 115,587 50,932 257 479 99,451 477 99,330 121 122 1 10,868 20 49 T able 1.—W A G E -R A T E CH AN G ES IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U ST R IE S D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G A U G . 15, 1934—Continued Number of establish ments reporting— Number of employees having— Estab lish ments report ing Industry Textiles and their products—Con. Wearing apparel: Clothing, men’s............ ... Clothing, women's........... Corsets and allied gar ments............................... Men’s furnishings........ Millinery........................... Shirts and collars.............. Leather and its manufactures: Boots and shoes...................... Leather..................................... Food and kindred products: Baking...................................... Beverages.................................. Butter........................................ Canning and preserving......... Confectionery........................... Flour............. ............................ Ice cream. .............................. Slaughtering and meat pack ing........................................... Sugar, beet................................ Sugar refining, cane................. Tobacco manufactures: Chewing and smoking tobac co and snuff_______ ______ Cigar and cigarettes......... ....... Paper and printing: Boxes, paper............................ Paper and pulp....................... Printing and publishing: Book and job.................... Newspapers and periodi cals.................................. Chemicals and allied products, and petroleum refining: Other than petroleum refin ing: Chemicals.......................... Cottonseed-oil, cake, and meal.................... ........... Druggists' preparations.. Explosives......................... Fertilizers......................... Paints and varnishes____ Rayon and allied products Soap.................................... Petroleum refining_____ Rubber products: Rubber boots and shoes......... Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires, and inner tubes........................... Rubber tires and inner tubes.. Total number of em ployees 1,307 675 96,563 38,490 1,306 671 96,521 38,406 43 95 142 174 6,575 8,937 7,985 25,731 43 94 142 174 6,575 8,923 7,985 25,731 370 174 128.399 32,404 370 172 128.399 31,313 568 332 758 352 444 385 76,165 35,232 5,653 112.399 33,991 17,739 14,181 1,154 560 332 758 351 437 385 75,625 35,017 5,653 112.399 33,862 17,567 14,181 503 172 314 67 16 121,490 7,651 9,719 311 67 16 121,334 7,651 9,719 156 41 255 10,376 53,923 41 254 10,376 53,916 432 465 30,534 112,106 431 456 30,516 110,187 1,535 62,807 1,527 62,626 59,266 594 58,419 30,966 156 30,966 102 71 27 207 394 31 119 200 3,735 9,080 4,111 6,019 9,326 45,575 16,194 66,108 156 102 73 27 208 397 31 119 202 No Wage- Wage- No wage- Wagewage- rate in- rate derate rate inrate changes changes 11,354 145 25,865 52,502 84 1,091 37 43 129 172 18 1,919 847 110 23 5 "92l' 11,354 25,917 52,502 Wagerate.de- 52 Nonmanufacturing Industries D a t a concerning wage-rate changes occurring between July 15 and August 15, 1934, reported by cooperating establishments in 17 non manufacturing industries, are presented in table 2. Increases averaging 4.7 percent and affecting 12,144 employees were reported by 58 laundries. One hundred ninety-two retail trade establishments gave an average raise of 6.5 percent to 7,314 workers, 50 while 37 establishments in the electric light and power and manu factured gas industry gave an average increase of 3.6 percent to 6,013 employees. Nine establishments in the electric-railroad and motorbus operation and maintenance industry reported increases which averaged 5.5 percent and affected 5,949 workers, while 40 wholesale trade establishments gave an average increase of 10.7 percent to 425 employees. The increases in each of the remaining industries affected less than 100 workers. The decreases reported were negligible. able 3 —W A G E -R A T E C H A N G E S IN N O N M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G A U G . 15, 1934 Industrial group T Number of establish Num ber of employees ments reporting— having— Estab Total lish number ments No No report of em wage- Wage- WageWage- Wageployees ing rate in rate de- wage- rate in rate de rate rate creases creases creases changes changes Anthracite mining............................... Percent of total........ . . ................. Bituminous-coal mining..................... Percent of total ............................ Metalliferous mining.................. ........ Percent of total............................. Quarrying and nonmetallic mining... Percent of total.............................. Crude-petroleum producing............... Percent of total.............................. Telephone and telegraph................... Percent of total............................... Electric lisht and power and manu factured gas....................................... Percent of total.............................. Electric-railroad and motor bus opera tion and maintenance........... ......... . Percent of total............................... Wholesale trade.................................. . Percent of total............................ . Retail trade........................................... Percent of total............................ . Hotels__________ ________ _______ Percent of total.......................... . Laundries....... ..................................... Percent of total_______________ Dyeing and cleaning........................... Percent of total.............................. Banks__________________________ Percent of total.............................. Brokerage_______________ _______ Percent of total.............................. Insurance............................ .................. Percent of total_______________ Real estate__________________ ____ Percent of total_______________ 160 8, 799 100.0 100.0 1,442 232,469 100.0 100.0 269 28. 228 100.0 100.0 1,122 36,151 100.0 100.0 241 33.913 100.0 100.0 8.083 264,410 100.0 100.0 3,018 246,746 100.0 100.0 552 100.0 15,440 100.0 54,129 100.0 2, 559 100.0 1,358 100.0 695 100.0 2.900 100.0 383 100.0 1,010 100.0 741 100.0 138,866 100.0 275.127 100.0 767,896 100.0 142,947 100.0 75,864 100.0 16,418 100.0 94,891 100.0 12, 700 100.0 66, 707 100.0 13, 967 100.0 1 Less than Mo of 1 percent. O 160 68,799 1,442 100.0 268 99.6 1,121 99.9 241 100.0 8,083 100.0 232,469 100.0 28,196 99.9 36, 071 99.8 33,913 100.0 2,981 543 98.4 15, 396 99.7 53, 908 99.6 2, 555 99.8 1,297 95.5 691 99.4 2, 894 99.8 382 99.7 1,010 100.0 736 99.3 100.0 100.0 264,410 100.0 37 1.2 1.6 40 .3 192 .4 3 .1 58 4.3 4 .6 5 .2 240, 733 97.6 6,013 2.4 132,917 95.7 274, 685 99.8 0) 29 760, 389 ?9.0 1 .1 142,887 100.0 (0 3 63, 596 .2 83.8 16, 352 99.6 .1 94, 816 99.9 (0 12, 655 99.6 66,707 100.0 13,951 5,949 4.3 425 .2 7, 314 1.0 58 <*) 12,144 16.0 66 .4 24 0) 17 0) 11 193 0) 0) 124 .2 51 .1 45 .4
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