Full text of Employment and Payrolls : April 1940
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Serial No. R. 1121
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Isador Lubin, Commissioner
EMPLOYMENT
AND PAY ROLLS
Prepared by
DIVISION OF EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS
Lewis E. Talbert, Chief
and
DIVISION OF CONSTRUCTION AND
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
Herman B. Byer, Chief
APRIL 1940
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE • WASHINGTON • 1940
CONTENTS
Summary of employment reports for April 1940 _
Total nonagricultural employments
Industrial and business employment-_
Public employment
Detailed tables for April 1940 _ ._
Industrial and business employmentPublic employment-.
__
Page
1
1
1
4
6
22
23
Tables
SUMMARY
TABLE 1.—All manufacturing industries combined and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, and weekly earnings,
April 1940 _
..
TABLE 2.—Federal employment and pay rolls—summary April 1940_
3
5
INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT
TABLE 3.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, April 194O_
TABLE 4.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—employment, pay rolls, hours, and earnings, February through April
1940,
...
_
TABLE 5.—Manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries—indexes of
employment and pay rolls, April 1939 through April 1940_
TABLE 6.—Geographic divisions and States—comparison of employment
and pay rolls in identical establishments in March and April
1940./
_.
_
__
TABLE 7.—Principal metropolitan areas—comparison of employment and
pay rolls in identical establishments in March and April 1940_
9
14
19
20
22
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT
TABLE 8.—Executive service of the Federal Government—employment
and pay rolls in March and April 1940
TABLE 9.--Construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked,
April 1940, by type of project
__.
TABLE 10.—Housing projects of the United States Housing Authorityemployment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, April 1940,
by geographic division
TABLE 11.—Projects financed by the Work Projects Administration—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, on Federal
agency projects, April 1940, by type of project and employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on projects operated
by the Work Projects Administration, April 1940...
(in)
23
24
25
26
IV
Page
12.—Projects operated by the Work Projects Administration—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, March 1940, by
type of project
TABLE 13.—National Youth Administration student work program and outof-school work program, employment and pay rolls, March
and April 1940
_
_
__.
TABLE 14.—Civilian Conservation Corps—employment and pay rolls,
March and April 1940
TABLE 15.—Construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours
worked, April 1940, by type of project
TABLE 16.—Construction projectsfinancedfrom regular Federal appropriations—employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked, April
1940, by type of project
_.
TABLE 17.—Construction and maintenance of State roads—employment
and pay-roll disbursements, April 1940, March 1940, and
April 1939
TABLE
27
27
27
28
28
29
Employment and Pay Rolls
SUMMARY OF REPORTS FOR APRIL 1940
Total Nonagricultural Employment
THERE was little change in nonagricultural employment in April
as compared with March, although ordinarily there is a substantial
gain at this time of year. Increases in public and private construction, the construction material industries, and quarrying and metal
mining were largely offset by further reductions of 96,000 workers in
factory employment and the decline of 42,000 in retail trade. Notable
exceptions to the general decline in manufacturing were the gains in
the war-supply and food manufacturing industries.
The reductions in retail trade in April resulted largely from the
release of temporary workers engaged in March to handle the Easter
trade and early spring business. Anthracite and bituminous coal
mines reported 18,000 fewer workers and class I steam railroads 2,200
fewer employees.
Compared with April a year ago, employment in nonagricultural
industries, including regular Government services, showed a gain of
about three-quarters of a million persons after allowing for the
unusual situation in April of last year when nearly 300,000 coal miners
were not at work pending the signing of new wage agreements.
These figures do not include emergency employment which decreased 207,000. A decrease of 201,000 on projects operated by the
Work Projects Administration and one of 14,000 on the out-of-school
work program of the National Youth Administration together with an
increase of 8,000 in the Civilian Conservation Corps resulted in a net
decrease of 207,000.
Industrial and Business Employment
Employment declines from March to April were reported by 64 of
the 90 manufacturing industries surveyed and by 5 of the 16 nonmanufacturing industries covered. Pay-roll decreases were shown by
51 of the manufacturing and 6 of the nonmanufacturing industries.
Factory employment showed a decline of 1.2 percent, or 96,000
wage earners, and weekly factory pay rolls fell 1.9 percent, or about
$3,600,000. The seasonally expected changes for April are decreases
(l)
of 0.1 percent for employment (8,000 workers) and 0.8 percent for
pay rolls ($1,500,000). The more important decreases in manufacturing employment, for the most part larger than seasonal, were
women's clothing (16,700 workers), men's clothing (15,300), steel
(12,600), shoes (9,800), automobiles (9,700), woolen and worsted
goods (8,400), cotton goods (5,700), and meat packing (4,800).
Among the more important employment increases, which were
seasonal except for shipbuilding and aircraft, were canning and preserving (12,700 workers); fertilizers (4,200); sawmills (3,800); brick,
tile, and terra cotta (3,700); cement (3,100); aircraft (1,900);
beverages (1,900); and shipbuilding (1,100).
The effect of Government and wartime orders was particularly
evident in the aircraft and machine-tool industries in which employment levels were at new all-time highs. Aircraft firms employed
nearly twice as many workers as in April of last year, and machinetool factories showed an employment gain of more than 50 percent
over this same period. Shipyards had about one-third more workers
than a year ago and showed the highest employment levels since 1921.
Engine factories showed an employment gain of 50 percent over April
of last year. The employment index for this industry was higher
than in any month since January 1923 (when the Bureau's series
began), with the exception of March and April 1929. Manufacturers
of explosives reported an employment gain of 35 percent over April
of last year.
Retail stores released 1.2 percent (42,000) of their employees between March 15 and April 15 as sales slackened following the Easter
trade. Employment decreases in individual lines of retail trade
were largest in shoe stores (13.3 percent), variety stores (7.5 percent),
men's and boys' clothing stores (5.3 percent), family clothing stores
(5.0 percent), women's ready-to-wear clothing stores (4.3 percent),
and department stores and mail-order houses (2.2 percent). Among
retail dealers reporting a seasonal employment pick-up in April
were automobile and lumber dealers (2.9 percent each), dealers in
farmers' supplies (2.2 percent), hardware and farm implement stores
(1.7 percent), and furniture stores (0.6 percent).
Employment in wholesale trade fell 1.6 percent with seasonal curtailments most pronounced among dealers in farm products and
agents and brokers.
Employment in coal mines was reduced by 18,000 workers. The
corresponding weekly pay-roll reduction of $855,000 was comparatively sharper partly because of curtailed production resulting from a
holiday in the bituminous coal fields during the week ending April 6.
The employment increase of 11.3 percent in private building construction was shared by all of the geographic divisions, with the most
substantial increases occurring in New England (18.5 percent) and
the West North Central States (17.6 percent).
A preliminary report of the Interstate Commerce Commission
shows an employment decline by class I railroads of 0.4 percent, or
2,200 workers, between March and April. The total number employed in April was 984,622. Corresponding pay-roll figures were not
available when this report was prepared. For March they were
$157,722,641, a gain of 3.2 percent.
Hours and earnings.—The average hours worked per week by manufacturing wage earners were 37.2 in April, a decrease of 1.0 percent
since March. The corresponding average hourly earnings were 66.5
cents, an increase of 0.1 percent from the preceding month. The
average weekly earnings of factory workers were $25.33, a decrease of
0.7 percent since March.
TABLE 1.—Employment, Pay Rolls, and Earnings in All Manufacturing Industries
Combined and in Nonmanufacturing Industries, April 1940
Employment
Percentage
Percentage
Index, change from— Index, change from—
April
April
1940 March April
1940 March April
1939
1940
1940
1939
Industry-
All manufacturing
combined 1 ..
Average weekly
earnings
Pay roll
industries
Class I steam railroads 2 .
Coal mining: 4
Anthracite _.
Bituminous 4
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
Crude-petroleum production. Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph66_.._
Electric light and power 6 8
Street railways and busses _
Trade:
Wholesale^.
Retail 6
Hotels (year-round) 410 _
Laundries 4
Dyeing and cleaning 4_.
Brokerage _
Insurance
B uilding construction
{1923-25
= 100)
99.6
-1.2
55.1
-.4
{1929 =
100)
+5.8
+3.6
51.6
86.0
67.6
-2.6
-1.8
- 4 . 1 +232. 7
63.2
+( )
+.8
+1.1
+.3
+2.1 +10.0
+4.2
44.8 +9.1
5
76.5
90.3
68.5
89.0 - 1 . 6
90.0 - 1 . 2
+.6
92.6
97.3 +1.1
104.8 +5.3
3
-.4
(3)
+.1
(3)
( ) +11.7
-4.0
+1.8
+3.0
i
+2.0
+1.7
7
+4.0
+2.6
{1923-25
= 100)
96.3 - 1 . 9
3
()
{1929=
100)
36.3
71.4
63.1
3
()
99.3
103.7
69.3
+1.3
+1.4
-.3
77.2
-.9
82.3
+.4
83.0 +1.4
85.7 +1.9
80.1 +10.1
+1.8
(3)
-.6
(3)
+13.3
(3)
April
1940
March April
1940 1939
+12.6
$25.33
-0.7
+6.4
3
3
3
(3)
()
-5.6 -16.5
- 8 . 8 +304. 5
- . 1 +19.8
38.5 +12.7
58.6
+.4
Percentage
Aver- change from—
age in
+7.3
-3.6
()
()
23.11
22.42
29.23
- 3 . 8 -14.2
- 4 . 9 +21.6
-2.2 +9.0
21.34
34.16
+3.3 +2.9
+.4 +.3
+.5 +3.7
+.2 +2.5
+5.6 7 31. 90
+5.5 7 35. 04
+1.3 7 33.40
-.6
+3.2 7 30. 32 +.8
+3.4 7 21. 41 +1.6
+1.3 7 15. 56 +.8
+7.2
18.01
+.8
+9.3
21.03 +4.6
-1.7 7 37. 75 +2.2
+1.2 7 36.55
-.7
+.2 30.32 +1.4
+1.3
+1.2
+1.7
+2.0
+3.1
+6.6
+.8
+.1
+1.1
-2.5
+1.1
-1.0
1
Revised indexes—-Adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures.
2 Preliminary—Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
3
Not available.
4
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented in January 1938
issue of this pamphlet.
s Less than Mo of 1 percent.
6 Retail-trade indexes adjusted to 1935 census and public-utility indexes to 1937 census. Not comparable
with indexes published in pamphlets prior to January 1940 or in the Monthly Labor Review prior to April
1940. Revised series available upon request.
7
Average weekly earnings not strictly comparable with figures published in issues of this pamphlet dated
earlier than January 1938, as they now exclude corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose
duties are mainly supervisory.
8
Covers street railways and trolley and motorbus operations of subsidiary, affiliated, and successor
companies.
9
Indexes adjusted to 1933 census. Comparable series in November 1934 and subsequent issues of
pamphlet.
1 Cash payments only; the additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
0
Of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries for which man-hours are
available, 9 showed an increase in average hours worked per week and
7 reported gains in average hourly earnings. Eleven of the sixteen
nonmanufacturing industries surveyed reported higher weekly earnings.
Employment and pay-roll indexes and average weekly earnings for
April 1940 are given in table 1 for all manufacturing industries combined, for selected nonmanufacturing industries, and for class I railroads. Percentage changes over the month and year intervals are
also given.
Public Employment
Seasonal influences were responsible for the first employment gain
since June 1939 on construction projects financed by the Public Works
Administration. About 99,000 men were working on these projects
during the month ending April 15, a gain of 1,000 over the preceding
month. Pay-roll disbursements of $9,918,000 were $604,000 more
than in March.
Increased activity on the United States Housing Authority program
during the month ending April 15 resulted in an employment gain of
6,000 on low-rent housing projects. Wage payments of $3,835,000
to the 39,000 building-trades workers on these projects were $940,000
more than in March.
Employment on construction projects financed from regular Federal
appropriations showed a seasonal increase of 29,000 in the month
ending April 15. Gains were reported on all types of projects except
those of the Rural Electrification Administration. The number of
persons at work on all projects financed from regular funds was 249,000.
Pay-roll disbursements of $26,976,000 were $4,017,000 more than in
March.
The number of workers employed on construction projects financed
by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation fell to approximately
2,100 during the month ending April 15. Pay rolls of $249,000 for
the month were $16,000 less than in the preceding month.
Employment on work-relief projects of the Work Projects Administration declined considerably in April. The decline was due in part
to curtailment necessary to bring the relief program within the limits
of available funds and in part to the lessening of relief needs after the
seasonal peak. In April the number of persons at work on these
projects was 2,011,000, a decrease of 201,000 from March. Pay rolls
of $116,145,000 were $4,540,000 less than in March. As compared
with April 1939 there were 618,000 fewer persons on W. P. A. projects.
Federal agency projects financed by the Work Projects Administration
furnished employment to 99,000 persons in April, 5,000 more than
in March.
Approximately 322,000 youths were employed on the out-of-school
work program of the National Youth Administration in April, and
482,000 students were working on the student work program in the
same month.
Employment in camps of the Civilian Conservation Corps rose
8;000 in April. Of the 314,400 on the pay roll, 277,800 were enrollees;
1,600, educational advisers; 250, nurses; and 34,750 supervisory and
technical employees.
Increased employment was reported in all four regular services of
the Federal Government. Of the 959,000 employees in the executive
service, 130,000 were working in the District of Columbia and 829,000
outside the District. Force-account employees (employees on the
pay roll of the United States Government who are engaged on construction projects and whose period of employment terminates as the
project is completed) were 9 percent of the total number of employees
in the executive service. Employment increases were reported in the
War and Navy Departments, the Departments of Interior, Agriculture, and Commerce, and on the Panama Canal, while a decrease was
reported in the Post Office Department.
The number of men at work on State-financed road projects increased 17,000 in April. Of the 144,000 at work, 33,000 were engaged
in the construction of new roads and 111,000 on maintenance. Pay
rolls for both types of road work were $10,877,000.
A summary of Federal employment and pay-roll data for April is
given in table 2.
TABLE 2.—Summary of Federal Employment and Pay Rolls, April and March 1940 1
[Preliminary figures]
Employment
Class
April
March
P a y rolls
Percentage
change
April
March
Percentage
change
Federal services:
Executive 2_
+1.4 $144,837,840 $143,912,985
+0.6
959,146 945,836
577,807
596,074
Judicial
2,379
+3.2
2,480
+4.2
1, 299, 641
1,305, 782
5,860
Legislative..
+.5
5,882
+.4
Military
.....
-.3
460, 969 456,802
+.9 32,164, 921 32,275, 327
Construction projects:
9, 314,198
+1.3
9,918,076
+6.5
97,834
Financed by P. W. A.3
99,126
3,834,716
2,895,069
33,445
+16.3
+32.5
U. S. H. A. low-rent housing
38,881
2,302
264, 600
-10.9
-6.0
Financed by R. F. C.4
.
2,051
248,607
Financed by regular Federal
+12.9 26,975,937 22,958, 657
+17.5
248,824 220,310
appropriations
Federal agency projects financed by
4,354, 333
4, 704, 767
+8.0
94,326
+5.5
99, 484
Work Projects Administration.-3.8
Projects operated by W. P. A_.._ ._ 2,010, 598 2, 212, 239
-9.1 116,145,146 120, 684,852
National Youth Administration:
-4.2
6, 264,303
5,933,159
-5.3
Out-of-school work program. .. 322,275 336, 282
3, 273,980
+1.8
3,375,847
+3.1
Student work program.—
481,809 473,485
+2.3
Civilian Conservation Corps
+2.7 14,023,330 13, 714,184
314,400 306,019
1
Includes data on projects financed wholly or partially from Federal funds.
2
Includes force-account and supervisory and technical employees shown under other classifications to
the extent of 123,628 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $16,502,271 for April 1940, and 121,601 employees
and pay-roll disbursements of $16,042,779 for March 1940.
3 Data covering P. W. A. projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act funds, Emergency
Relief Appropriation Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds, and Public Works Administration Appropriation
Act of 1938 funds are included. These data are not shown under projects financed by the Work Projects
Administration. Includes 7,875 wage earners and $739,269 pay roll for April 1940; 7,813 wage earners and
$685,082 pay roll for March 1940, covering Public Works Administration projects financed from Emergency
Relief Appropriation Acts of 1935,1936, and 1937 funds. Includes 87,252 wage earners and $8,734,152 pay roll
for April 1940; 86,070 wage earners and $8,216,545 pay roll for March 1940, covering Public Works Administration projects financed from funds provided by the Public Works Administration Appropriation Act of 1938.
4
Includes 897 employees and pay-roll disbursements of $133,999 for April 1940; 992 employees and pay-roll
disbursements of $131,405 for March 1940 on projects financed by the RFC Mortgage Co,
237995—40—2
DETAILED TABLES FOR APRIL 1940
Industrial and Business Employment
SCOPE AND METHOD
MONTHLY reports on employment and pay rolls are available for
90 manufacturing industries; 16 nonmanufacturing industries, including private building construction; and class I steam railroads. The
reports for the first 2 of these groups—manufacturing and nonmanufacturing—are based on sample surveys by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics. The figures on class I steam railroads are compiled by the
Interstate Commerce Commission and are presented in the foregoing
summary.
The indexes of factory employment and pay rolls are based on the
3-year average 1923-25 as 100 and are adjusted to 1937 census data.
They relate to wage earners only and are computed from reports
supplied by representative manufacturing establishments in 90 manufacturing industries. These reports cover more than 55 percent of
the total wage earners in all manufacturing industries of the country
and more than 65 percent of the wage earners in the 90 industries
included in the monthly survey of the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The indexes for the nonmanufacturing industries are based on the
12-month average for 1929 as 100. Figures for mining, laundries,
and dyeing and cleaning cover wage earners only, but the figures for
public utilities, trade, and hotels relate to all employees except corporation officers, executives, and other employees whose duties are
mainly supervisory. For crude-petroleum production they cover
wage earners and the clerical field force. The coverage of the reporting
samples for the various nonmanufacturing industries ranges from
approximately 25 percent for wholesale and retail trade, dyeing and
cleaning, and insurance, to approximately 80 percent for quarrying
and nonmetallic mining, anthracite mining, and public utilities.
The indexes for retail trade have been adjusted to conform in
general with the 1935 census of retail distribution and to allow for
weighting by lines of trade. For the public utilities they have been
adjusted to the 1937 census of electrical industries, for wholesale trade
to the 1933 census, and for coal mining, year-round hotels, laundries,
and dyeing and cleaning to the 1935 censuses.
Data for both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries are
based on reports of the number of employees and amount of pay rolls
for the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month.
The average weekly earnings shown in tables 3 and 4 are computed
by dividing the total weekly pay rolls in the reporting establishments
by the total number of full- and part-time employees reported. As
not all reporting establishments supply man-hours, average hours
worked per week, and average hourly earnings are necessarily based
on data furnished by a smaller number of reporting firms. The size
and composition of the reporting sample vary slightly from month to
month. Therefore, the average hours per week, average hourly
earnings, and average weekly earnings shown may not be strictly
comparable from month to month. The sample, however, is believed
to be sufficiently adequate in virtually all instances to indicate the
general movements of earnings and hours over the period shown.
The changes from the preceding month, expressed as percentages, are
based on identical lists of firms for the 2 months, but the changes from
April 1939 are computed from chain indexes based on the month-tomonth percentage changes.
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY-ROLL INDEXES, AVERAGE HOURS,
AND AVERAGE EARNINGS
The indexes of employment and pay rolls as well as average hours
worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries in April 1940
are shown in table 3. Percentage changes from March 1940 and
April 1939 are also given.
The employment and pay-roll indexes, as well as average hours
worked per week, average hourly earnings, and average weekly
earnings for February, March, and April 1940, where available, are
presented in table 4. The February and March figures, where given,
may differ in some instances from those previously published because
of revisions necessitated primarily by the inclusion of late reports.
In table 5, indexes of employment and pay rolls are given for all
manufacturing industries combined for the durable- and non-durablegoods groups of manufacturing industries, and for each of the 13
nonmanufacturing industries, by months, from April 1939 to April
1940, inclusive. The accompanying chart indicates the trend of
factory employment and pay rolls from January 1919 to April 1940.
EMPLOYMENT AND PAY ROLLS
ALL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
1923-25=100
INDEX
INDEX
140
140
120
120
100
100
80
60
60
40
40
20
1919
1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928
UNITED STATES BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
J929
1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
20
1940
ADJUSTED TO 1937 CENSUS
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, April 1940
MANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100. New series—adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures for all industries except automobiles, and not comparable to indexe;
published in the July 1939 and earlier issues of the pamphlet. Comparable series available upon request]
Employment
Industry
All manufacturing...
Durable goods.
Nondurable goods
Index,
April
1940
Average weekly
earnings 1
Pay rolls
Percentage
change from—
Percentage
Index, change from—
April
1940 March April
1939
1940
April
1940
March
1940
April
1939
99.6
-1.2
+5.8
96.3
-1.9
+12.6
96.0
103.0
4
-L9
+13.2
0
97.2
95.3
4
101.7
108.4
108.7
74.5
-1.7
-2.8
-2.5
-.7
+11.4
+13.3
+14.3
+2.7
94.9
98.6
113.9
62.2
103.8
66.8
98.1
81.8
159.6
+.9
-2.3
-.7
-.1
-.7
+13.1
+21.0
+15. 5
+9.9
+7.8
93.5
75.1
104.0
72.3
163.5
-3.0
-.7
+2.1
+32.3
+31.1
+32.4
+11.3
23.47
30.60
26.13
25.78
24.37
84.6
90.8
70.0
94.8
+13.3
+5.9
+5.6
+2.3
75.6
82.3
61.2
101.1
+.8
+1.5
+l'.2
+3.4
+2.9
+1.6
+26.4
+9.0
+6.0
+6.0
93.5
161.5
-1.1
-.6
+11.0
+7.2
91.0
174.8
-1.8
-2.8
+14.3
+18.1
Percentage
change from—
March
1940
April
1939
$25. 33
-0.7
+6.4
28.92
21.49
+.1
-s!e
+22.3
+3.4
-1.7
-3.2
-2.8
+15.7
+15.6
+25.9
27.50
28.73
25.31
19.96
+.1
Average hours worked
per week J
April
1940
Percentage
change from—
March
1940
April
1939
37.2
-1.0
+8.0
+3.4
38.2
36.2
-(2)
-1.9
+1.5
+4.6
+3.9
+2.0
+9.0
-2.8
36.0
34.4
37.0
33.0
38.9
39.3
38.1
36.9
38.0
27.36
25.95
28.42
24.24
+2.2
+.7
+1.4
+1.9
+3.4
+.4
+4.8
+9.2
+13.7
+2.4
+3.1
+11.4
+3.1
+.5
+3.7
24.57
26.89
-.7
-2.3
+2.9
+10.1
-1.8
Average hourly
earnings *
April
1940
Percentage
change from—
March
1940
April
1939
Cents
66.5
+0.1
+3.8
-1.3
72.9
60.9
+.1
+2.7
+3.8
— 2 +2.2
-!7
+1.8
- . 8 +10.3
76.4
83.8
68.4
60.1
61.4
78.0
69.0
70.0
63.4
38.5
37.9
38.6
38.9
+1.2
+.2
+.4
+.6
+3.1
+.6
+2.8
+6.7
+8.3
-1.3
+1.8
+9.2
+.2
-.6
+1.2
+.2
+.1
+.4
+.3
+1.0
+.5
+i.'o
+.4
+.8
+1.3
+.4
-.4
+1.6
+.4
—.8
+3.6
+2.4
+2.7
+5.0
+3.7
+1.4
+2.0
+2.4
+1.1
+2.2
39.3
38.0
-1.2
-3.0
+.3
+4.0
62.6
71.1
+.3
+.7
+2.4
+5.9
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery . . _ .
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills. _
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets
__..
Cast-iron pipe___
_. . . _. . .
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools
Forgings, iron and steel.
Hardware
_ ....
Plumbers' supplies..
Stamped and enameled ware
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings. ..
Stoves
_
. .
Structural and ornamental metalwork
Tin cans and other tinware
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws)
Wirework_
.
See footnotes at end of table.
-.5
+4.0
-.1
+3.1 +18.8
-.4
-.3
+4.7
+2.2
-.6
(*)
+4.6
+1.3
-1.0
-.8
-6.5
71.2
68.4
73.7
62.1
T A B L E 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, April
Employment
Industry
Index,
April
1940
Average weekly
earnings
Pay rolls
Percentage
change from—
Index,
April
1940
Percentage
change from—
March
1940
April
1939
April
1940
Percentage
change from—
March
1940
April
1939
1940—Continued
Average hours worked
per week
April
1940
Percentage
change from—
March
1940
April
1939
Average hourly
earnings
April
1940
Percentage
change from—
March
1940
April
1939
Durable goods— Continued
Machinery, not including transportation equip>
ment
Agricultural implements (including tractors).
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.
Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills
____
Foundry and machine-shop products..
Machine tools
Radios and phonographs
.
Textile machinery and parts Typewriters and parts _
Nonferrous metals and their products..
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices..
Jewelry
Lighting equipment
Silverware and plated ware
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.
121.5
166.1
0
-1.1
29.97
31.43
-.4
+9.5
+5.3
140.2
97.2
216.0
128.3
84.9
114.4
+4.2
-( 2 )
+2.4
+5.4
-1.0
-.7
+•9
+16.9
+46.5
+18.6
+55.8
+22.7
+14.6
-11.4
+•7
115.4
2,166.0
112.0
57.4
28.0
152.8
Transportation equipment..
Aircraft..
Automobiles
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad..
Locomotives..
Shipbuilding.
lumber and allied products..
Furniture..
Lumber:
Millwork
Sawmills
+.4 +19.5
+30.9
+15.0
+10.9
+26.3
+63.5
+29.8
+87.5
+30.8
+15.5
-15.2
-1.4
+3.3
-2.0
-6.0
-1.4
+1.4
+20.1 122.6 - 1 . 4
+97.6 2,062. 7 +2.6
+10.1 121.2 - 1 . 4
52.0 -10.7
+59.6
26.1
+52.3
+.5
+31.6 169.4
+.1
+30.1
+95.6
+21.7
+74.9
+60.1
+40.4
34.40
29.75
35.78
28.36
28.61
33.25
26.76
28.31
28.58
22.74
22.44
27.59
26.00
27.59
+8.9
+1.5 +7.3
-1.0
+9.8
+6.6
-1.7
-1.6
+2.9
+17.7
+5.3
+.5 +6.4
20.00
20.70
-2.0
21.84
18.93
+.7
+2.4
113.5
141.4
129.0
101.5
105.4
171.5
125.5
89.4
90,0
85.9
70.2
85.9
-1.5
+9.3
+.6
-.2
+4.2
-.3
+1.4
+5.9
-2.1
102.9
199.3
132.4
+4.7
+4.8
+7.8
+3.9
61.4
74.2
-4.5
+23.7
+27.5
+32.5
+13.8
+6.3
+29.6
+7.8
+17.9
+10.8
+10.7
47.6
55.4
+1.0
+3.8
+10.9
+11.0
-2.6
60.9
60.3
183.1
95.4
285.5
116.0
80.1
112.2
+13.5
+.1 +18.8
- 2 . 5 +20.7
+6.9
-1.6
+3.4
-2.6
- . 1 +10.1
-.1
+2.3
- 1 . 0 +10.8
-1.6
+.1
..
133.9
112.7
+.2
+1.3
91.7
72.2
74.2
62.9
84.4
-1.8
+1.5
-3.5
-3.3
-4.1
+.1
+4.4
— 4
+.7
32.75
29.70
34.35
29.27
36.62
22.46
26.01
24.06
+.4
+9.8
+8.0
+11.6
0
+9.4
-.2
- 1 . 0 +20.3
+.5 +6.6
-1.1
+.5
+1.4
-4.3
-.5
-.7
0
-.7
+8.4
-5.1
+9.7
+5.4
+6.6
+.6 +10.6
+1.9
-1.3
-.3
+.5
+5.9
+5.5
+3.0
+4.9
40.5
39.3
39.9
39.4
42.9
40.3
47.9
36.8
40.1
37.2
38.3
41.4
37.9
37.4
36.7
38.5
+7.5
+4.0
+8.3
-.6
+6.3
-1.0
+9.6
+7.8
+17.0
-.8
+1.1 +1.4
- . 5 +3.3
+1.4 -3.5
+8.4
+1.2
-1.7
+.6 +8.7
+8.9
-4.8
+1.3 +4.5
+2.6
-1.3
-.3
-.2
tl
Cents
73.9
80.1
82.4
75.6
80.3
72.6
76.6
61.1
65.0
64.7
90.2
73.3
94.5
75.7
77.9
85.9
+4.2
+2.7
+3.6
70.0
71.1
74.8
38.0
37.0
38.1
39.9
39.0
+2.9
+1.2
+13.8
+3.1 +2.8
+.4 +4.0
59.9
59.9
72.2
65.3
70.8
38.4
38.3
-2.3
54.6
40.0
38.1
+.3
+1.2
+.4
+2.1
+.9
38.6
39.8
+•5
-1.2
-2.5
-3.1
-.9
0
51.8
54.7
49.7
-.5
~( 2 )
-.2
-.6
-.6
+16
+1.1
+1.1
+1.9
+1.7
+1.4
+2.9
+5.2
-2.6
+.6
+.4
-1.3
+1.7
+.7
+.9
+3.6
+.1
+•7
+.1
+.4
+.5
+.9
+.1
+.8
+1.5
+1.0
+1.6
+.1
+.7
+.2
+.6
+1.2
+4.8
+4.3
+6.3
+3.0
+1.4
+4.0
+2.7
+2.3
+4.0
+2.4
+1.7
+5.5
Stone, clay, and glass products..
Brick, tile, and terra cotta..
Cement..
Glass
Marble, granite, slate, and other products..
Pottery
80.5
58.0
67.7
105.3
45.6
93.0
+3.6
+6.6
+13.9
Q
+2.5
+.7
+1.2
+7.7
+6*. 2 -14.4
-.1
+6.1
72.2
45.2
63.6
114.2
34.6
85.1
+5.7
+8.9
+17.7
+1.2
+16.9
98.8
88.3
79.5
90.8
79.0
125.4
65.4
139.9
60.0
77.1
130. 5
64.4
66.7
-4.0
-2.5
-.7
-1.4
-2.6
-2.2
-24.4
~( 2 )
-8.2
-2.0
-3.0
-2.7
-6.5
-2.9
-2.5
81.4
75.2
67.8
80.6
73.4
104.7
38.8
143.2
47.2
68.2
101.4
50.3
53.2
-8.9
-4.1
118.6
103.5
168.1
115.4
117.8
87.3
125.2
-6.3
-7.5
-7.2
-.6
-5.2
-9.8
-.4
94.2
93.1
82. 7
-4.1
-4.7
-1.6
119. 7
142.5
268.2
93.7
103.4
77.0
78.2
74.7
103.6
44.1
94.0
-.3
+8.7
+5.1
+4.8
+21.7
-18.2
+7.7
24.49
19.97
26.68
26.49
26.68
23.28
-.6
16.74
16.40
23.61
14.39
18.05
20.28
16.18
18.24
16.79
14.87
17.46
16.16
18.35
+2.0 +6.0
+2.1 +4.3
+3.4 +3.6
+2.1 +13.0
+10.1 - 4 . 1
-.2
+1.3
36.5
36.1
38.1
36.0
36.9
37.1
+2.5
+3.3
+3.7
+2.1
+7.7
+3.1
-.1
+2.0
+8.8
-.3
+1.9
66.4
55.1
70.0
73.9
73.0
63.9
+2.4
+2.9
+5.8
+5.2
+3.3
34.2
34. 5
35.5
35.0
37.4
36.5
22.2
33.2
34.9
35.2
34.5
35.2
32.5
-2.9
-1.7
-1.5
-1.0
-2.7
-24.2
-2.2
-2.6
-3.1
-5.1
-1.2
-.4
-2.2
-2.8
-.4
-2.7
-3.5
-1.5
-9.5
-5.5
-1.9
-1.4
-5.0
-.6
-2.3
49.5
48.2
66.6
41.0
49.0
55.0
71.8
55.4
47.6
42.3
49.0
45.6
56.5
-4.9
-8.1
-2.6
^
-4^8
-11.8
-1.8
-1.2
-4.9
+6.3
+1.2
51.9
57.4
50.8
46.8
39.5
67.2
40.4
-9.7
-11.5
-2.7
54.3
52.1
64.2
-.2
-5.7
64.3
63.6
88.0
48.7
50.5
51.1
60.8
63.5
68.9
74.3
63.1
+2.1
+.7
+2.3
49.3
53.1
48.8
-1.4
+-(2)5
.
-.3
2
+( )
+2.8
+4.2
+1.7
+4.1
+3.3
+.4
-3.1
-1.8
+3.9
+5.4
+6.2
+8.0
+7.3
+2.9
+3.7
+6.0
+3.9
+3.0
+5.5
+7.3
+7.3
+.5
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products*.
Fabrics* _:
--------..
Carpets and rugs..
Cbtton goods
_.
Cotton small wares
Dyeing and finishing textiles.
Hats, fur-felt.
Hosiery
Knitted outerwear
Knitted u n d e r w e a r - . - . :
Knitted cloth
Silk and rayon goods*
Woolen and worsted goods.
Wearing apparel
' Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments.
Men's furnishings.
Millinery
Shirts and collars
leather and its manufactures.
Boots and shoes..
Leather
Food and kindred products..
Baking
Beverages.Butter
Canning and preserving,.
ConfectioneryFlour.....
Ice cream
Slaughtering and meat packings
Sugar, beet
Sugar refining, cane.
Tobacco manufactures..
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff..
Cigars and cigarettes..
See footnotes a t end, of table.
63.8
58.5
64.3
+2.1
+4.7
-3.2
-.2
-24.7
-9.4
-10.9
+5.3
-2.1
-13.4
-8.7
-3.4
-2.8
-5.5
+.5
-2.7
-2.8
-3.7
-43.5
-1.0
-11.0
-4.8
-5.4
-3.7
-7.1
+.3
+8.1
+10.0
+.1
-1.5
-29. 3
-9.6
-8.8
+6.9
+.4
-7.3
-4.4
-8.5
-20.6
-1.2
+4.6
+8.2
+9.0
-12.0
-14.8
-2.7
-11.4
-13.8
-3.9
17.68
16.30
23.63
-8.2
-10.6
-1.1
-5.7
-7.9
-.3
32.5
31.5
36.9
-8.8
-10.6
-1.3
+.4
+4.9
+4.0
+2.9
+4.0
-4.9
+9.0
+2.3
+2.0
+13.3
25.17
26.22
34.00
22.76
15.64
18.83
24.79
29.30
27.76
28.38
23.05
-.4
+3.0
+4.3
+1.6
+1.8
+7^3
-.5
+1.0
+2.2
+3.6
-1.1
-.6
-5.6
39.4
41.4
39.0
46.6
31.6
36.8
40.6
•45.6
40.3
39.4
36.5
+5.5
+7.1
+5.8
34.7
33.5
34.8
+•4
+2.4
-6.0
-6.4
-3.7
70.7
66.6
78.2
+.8
+1.8
4.
-.1
117.6
134. 3
311.8
80.4
83.2
74.0
71.5
63.0
109 5
48. 2
77.0
-1.8
-7.4
+.3
+1.1
-3.2
+.6
-6.0
+1.8
58.7
64.2
58.0
+2.4
+1.4
+2.6
+7.3
+5.0
+1.5
+.8
+3.9
+11.6
-13.3
-28.4
-1.6
+1.2
+2.0
-4.4
-6.0
+1.8
-1.5
+2.8
+6.5
+.9
- 3 . 6 +11.0
+11.4 - 4 . 9
-1.4
-6.3
-.1
33.6
31.6
34.3
36.0
33.5
35.0
35.3
-2.0
-6.0
-2.2
+2^6
+4.2
+17.4
-1.2
-.2
-1.6
-25.2
-1.0
-3.1
-2.9
-2.6
-1.0
-.5
-10.4
-11.8
-9.7
-16.1
-18.5
-16.2
+2.7
+1.2
+.8
17.63
18.11
19.04
17.20
13.34
24.28
14.14
88.7
72.0
118.7
120.2
101.0
73.8
111.2
-10.5
-4.1
-5.2
-1.5
-_(2)
+4.0
+3.7
+9.2
-4.5
-2.4
+5.2
-1.7
-6.5
-2.4
-1.8
-12.7
+1.0
+6.7
-4.0
+.8
+6.3
+2.0
+7.8
17.07
17.78
16.91
+1.1
+.4
+1.3
-.4
-7.0
+1.6
-.9
-1.3
+1.9
-4.6
-.6
+.7
-.8
+1.4
-3.3
+3.6
-1.7
+1.6
_(2)
-9.2
"( 2 )
-.3
+.3
+•9
-.9
-( 2 )
+.4
-2.2
+.7
+•3
-7.4
-1.2
+.8
+1.0
+1.7
-8.7
+4.5
-1.5
-3.4
+2.5
+4.9
+( 2 )
+.5
+.1
+.6
+1.0
+.5
+•7
—.5
-.2
+2.2
+.3
-.3
-4.4
-2.3
-7.2
+.7
-2.3
-5.2
+.3
+.4
+.2
+.6
+.4
+.9
-.3
-(2)
+1.9
+1.6
-.4
-1.9
+1.2
-3.9
-.5
+.7
+1.4
+.6
+1.4
+2.3
+.9
+4.2
+5.4
+3.0
+7.2
+3.6
+3.6
+3.0
+2.5
+3.6
+.5
+.5
+3.4
+3.5
+1.6
+2.6
-.3
-2.9
+•1
+4.0
+6.6
+3.8
TABLE 3.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries, April 1940—Continued
>
Industry
• -Employment
Average hours worked
per week
Average weekly
earnings
; ..... Pay rolls
i
Percentage
Percentage
Index, change from— Index,' change from—
: April
! April
j 1940 - March April | 1940 March April
1
1939
1940
1939 '
1940
April
1940
Percentage
change from—
March
1940
April
1939
April
1940
Percentage
change from—
March
1940
April
1939
38.1
37.9
39.9
+.1
-.5
+.8
-2.2
38.2
36.2
-.5
Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and printing _____
Boxes, paper
Paper and pulp
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals
113. 8
113.0
: 112.0
—L0
• 90.5
116.5
-.3
-.4
Chemical, petroleum, and coal products
Petrol cum refining
Other than petroleum refining..
Chemicals
...
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal .
• 123.4
121.1
• 124:0
135.2
: 81.7
•
+.6
-.1
+.7
Druggists' preparations
Explosives.
'
Fertilizers '
Paints and varnishes
Rayon and allied products.
Spap. — __-_-----.
Rubber products
Rubber boots and shoes..
Rubber tires and inner tubes..
Rubber godds, other.
-.3
-8.4
+2.-4
+3.6
+5.3
+.7
+1.3
+5.8
+3.3
+0.5
+15. 5
-3.3
. 118.7
+9.0
114.0
+5.8 +35.2
174.8 + 15. 2 — 1.0
124.4
+.7 +1.5
305. 8
-1.0
+ 1.1
81.2
-1.8
+3.2
84 8
56.1
69.7
139.7
-2.9
+3.3
-3.6
-3.2
+4.5
+4.1
+.3
-4.3
109.7
120.7
115.4
87.4
110.9
-.3
-.8
+.2
n
+ (*)"
+.7 +11.6
+.8 +6.4
+.6 +13.4
+.2 +22.5
133.4
136. 9
132.3
159.6
69.1 -13.5
130.5
-.5
133.1
+3.3
136.2 +20.9
131.9
+ 1.1
311.1
-1.6
98. 0
-1.5
86.5
55.3
78.1
132.6
+5.0
+4.3
+10. 2
+2.8
+3.1
-1.9
-.9
1.2
-3. 6
+3.4
+9.6
+41.9
+.4
+5.0
+ 11.7
+3.3
+6.8
-2.8
\ 8.0
+6.6
28.70
21.25
25.35
+.2
+•2
+.8
30.73
38.27
-.6
28.99
35.34
26. 51
31.97
13.54
24.88
31.99
13.81
29.02
26.12
28.27
27.93
22. 66
32.77
23.11
+2.4
+.6
+4. 6
+2.1
+ 1.7
+.4
+• 1 +5.5
+.9
-5.6
+3.0
+6.4
+6. 1
+6.8
+.4
+4.9
+.5
+2.5
+10. 4
38.5
36.5
39. 2
39.8
40.1
+.2
-.6
-2.3
+3.6
+.4
+1.0
-1.2
+2.5
-.5
39.4
38.4
36.4
40.6
38.9
39.4
+3.3
+1.8
+4.3
+2.4
36.0
37.0
34.1
37.8
+.2
+1.0
+.7
+.2
+1.1
+.2
+. 1
+.7 +2.4
+.7
-.1
+.3 + 1.4
-4.9
-5.3
-1.5
-1.9
+.6
+1.9
+3.8
+.6
4- 5
-.5
+ 1.8
-.6
-6.8
-.3
+.5
-.4
+2.9
-1.1
Average hourly
earnings
April
1940
Cents
79.6
59.5
63.7
81.6
102.9
74.2
97.4
66.5
80.1
32.8
Percentage
change from—
March
1940
+.9
+6.5
+.1
-.2
+.8
-.4.
+.1
-.5
+.3
—. 7
60.5
83.3
37.9
71.7
67.2
71.7
+.3
77.9
61.3
96. 6
61.9
0
-.5
-.3
-.1
-.1
-.8
+.3
+.1
April
1939
+2.8
+8.1
+3.6
+1.2
+2.8
+3.8
+.3
+5.9
+4.7
+ 11.9
+.2
+2.9
+9.6
+2.5
+3.4
+.4
+2.7
+2.2
+2.0
+4.0
NONMANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929 = 100]
Coal mining: 3
Anthracite --.
Bituminous 3
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining.
Crude-petroleum production .
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph 44 5 .
Electric light and power *4 5
Street railways and busses «_
Trade:
Wholesale 4 ?
Retail 4«__Food 5
General 5
merchandising 4 5
Apparel
5
Furniture
Automotive 5
Lumber5
3 49
Hotels (year-round)
Laundries 3
Dyeing and cleaning 3
Brokerage 4_
Building construction.
-
-1.8
-2.6
- 4 . 1 +232. 7
36.3
71.4
63.1
38.5
58.6
51.6
86.0
67.6
44.8
63.2
+2.1 +10.0
+9.1 +4.2
76.5
90.3
68.5
+.8
+1.1
+.3
+1.8
+3 0
-.1
99.3
103.7
69.3
89.0
90.0
103.4
93.0
86.9
-1.6
-1.2
-.4
-3.5
-6.2
+2.0
+1.7
+1.9
+.3
-.5
77.2
82.3
94.2
84.9
77.8
77.1
84.9
72.4
92.6
97.3
+.7
+2.9
+2.8
+.6
+1.1
+.8
+6.5
+2.7
-.7
+4.0
67.3
82.7
68.0
83.0
85.7
104. 8
+5.3
—.4
+.1
+11.7
+2.6
80.1
-4.0
-2.5
+1.1
-1.0
-16.5 $23.11
+304. 5 22.42
29.23
+19.8
+12! 7 +7.3 21.34
+.4 -3.6 34.16
-5.6
O D
+.4
+.5
+.2
+5.6
+5.5
+1.3
31.90
35.04
33.40
-.9
+3.2
+3.4
+2.6
+1.7
30.32
21. 41
23.37
18.01
20.74
+.8
+1.6
+.2
+2.5
+4. 6
28.19
29.12
26.22
15.56
18.01
+.8
+3.1
+.6
+.8
+.8
+4.6
+2.2
+.4
-.2
-1.2
-1.9
-.6
+1. 5 +1.1
+6.0 +11.9
+3.5 +4.9
+1.4 +1.3
+1.9 +7.2
+10.1 +9.3
+1.S - 1 . 7
-.6
+13.3
+1.2
+.2
21.03
37.75
36.55
30.32
-14.2
+21.6
+9.0
+3.3 +2.9
+1.3
+1.4
-.3
•"Revised series of employment and pay-roll indexes. Figures for earlier months
available on request.
1
Revised series. Mimeographed sheets giving averages by years, 1932 to 1938, inclusive,
and by months, January 1938 to September 1939, inclusive, available on request. Average
hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied by a smaller number
of establishments than average weekly earnings, as not all reporting firms furnish manhours. The figures are not strictly comparable from month to month because of changes
in 2the size and composition of the reporting sample.
Less than Mo of 1 percent.
3
Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented
in 4January 1938 issue of phamphlet.
Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not comparable with figures
published in pamphlets prior to January 1938 as they now exclude corporation officers,
executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory.
-3.8
-4.9
-2.2
-.6
+1*4
+.3
+3.7
+2.5
+ 1.3
+1.2
+1.7
+.8
+1.3
-.2
+.2
+5.1
+2.2
+2.0
+3.1
+6.6
+.8
+.1
+1.1
26.2
25.3
40.4
38.3
38.0
-0.3
-4.5
-1.8
-9.5
90.6
88.1
72.7
55.9
88.2
-1.2
-.3
-.4
-.1
-.3
+4.8
+2.3
+1.0
+.1
+1.7
80.8
88.1
72.0
+'2
+2.1
+.4
+1.5
-.7
73.7
54.5
52.4
46.3
54.6
+.8
+1.0
+2.4
+2.1
+.9
+.9
67.0.
60.2
62.9
33.5
41.9
+15.9
+4.3
+3.7 +1.3
+.5
+.7
-1.1
39.7
39. 8
45.8
-.2
-1.1
41.3
42.9
43.3
38.8
38.0
+.4
+.7
+.9
+4.1
44.3
47.9
42.6
46.4
43.1
+.4
+.7
+.4
43.5
+2.7
+3.5
49.3
+1.1
31.7
+2.4
+1.0
95.8
-2.1
-.2
-1.0
-.1
+.1
+1.3
+1.4
+1.7
(8)
1
+1.7
+.5
+2.3
+2.0
+2.8
5
Retail-trade indexes adjusted to 1935 census and public-utility indexes to 1937 census.
Not comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to January 1940 or in Monthly
Labor Reviews prior to April 1940. Comparable series for earlier months available upon
request.
6
Covers street railways and trolley and motorbus operations of subsidiary, affiliated,
and successor companies; formerly "electric-railroad and motorbus operation and maintenance."
7
Indexes adjusted to 1933 census. Comparable series in November 1934 and subsequent
issues of pamphlet.
s Not available.
9
Cash payments only; value of board, room, and tips not included.
CO
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries
M ANUFACT URING
[Indexes are based on 3-year average, 1923-25=100, and are adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures for all industries except automobiles. Not comparable to indexes published in
pamphlets prior to August 1939. Comparable series available upon request]
Employment index
Industry
April
1940
All manufacturing..
Durable goods
Nondurable goods..
March February
1940
1940
Average weekly
earningsi
Pay-roll index
April
1940
March February
1940
1940
Average hours worked
per week i
Average hourly
earnings i
March February
1940
1940
96.0
103.0
100.8
96.4
105.0
101.4
96.6
106.1
96.3
97.2
95.3
98.2
97.6
97.8
96.7
99.1
$25.33
28.92
21.49
$25.46
28.90
21.86
$25. 20
28.60
21.73
37.2
38.2
36.2
37.5
38.3
36.9
37.3
37.9
36.8
Cents
66.5
72.9
60.9
Cents
66.5
72.8
61.0
Cents
66.3
72.8
60.8
101.7
108.4
108.7
74.5
103.5
111.5
111.5
75.1
106.7
117.4
114. 3
75.6
94.9
98.6
113.9
62.2
96.5
101.8
117.3
59.8
100.9
110.2
125.8
67.6
27.50
28.73
25.31
19.96
27.47
28.88
25.40
27.95
29.69
26.54
21.30
36.0
34.4
37.0
33.0
36.1
34.7
37.2
31.4
36.5
35.4
39.0
35.5
76.4
83.8
68.4
60.1
76.3
83.8
68.3
59.9
76.4
83.8
68.2
59.5
103.8
66.8
98. 1
81.8
159.6
84.6
90.8
70.0
102.9
68.4
98.8
81.8
160.8
104.0
71.9
101.3
81.9
161.4
93.5
75.1
104.0
163.5
90.6
77.4
104.7
70.8
163.6
90.6
84.1
100.9
70.7
161.6
23.47
30.60
26.13
25.78
24.37
22.92
30.79
26.15
25.18
24.10
22.74
31.86
24.65
25.15
23.69
39.3
38.1
36.9
38.0
38.5
39.7
38.4
36.4
37.8
38.3
40.8
36.8
36.5
37.7
61.4
78.0
69.0
70.0
63.4
60.6
77.6
68.5
69.2
63.2
60.5
78.2
67.1
69.0
62.6
85.0
89.5
70.3
93.7
84.4
86.0
71.6
92.7
75.6
82.3
61.2
101.1
75.0
79.6
59.5
75.6
74.5
60.3
93.0
27.36
25.95
28.42
24.24
27.04
25.40
27.39
24.15
27.45
24.71
27.27
22.82
38.5
37.9
38.6
38.9
38.3
37.6
37.3
38.7
36.8
37.3
36.8
71.2
68.4
73.7
62.1
70.6
67.4
73. 5
62.6
70.6
67.4
73,2
62.0
93.5
161.5
94.6
162.5
96.2
162.0
91.0
174.8
92.6
179.9
96.4
175.3
24.57
26.89
24.74
27.51
25.37
26.93
39.3
38.0
39.8
39.1
40.7
38.4
62.6
71.1
62.4
70.6
62.6
70.2
113.5
141.4
129.0
101.5
113.1
143.6
121.5
166.1
121. 5
167.9
30.15
31.37
29.67
31.14
40.5
39.3
40.7
39.5
40.1
39.2
73.9
80.1
133.9
113.8
32.75
29.70
32.94
29.98
32.17
29.53
39.9
39.4
40.1
39.8
39.1
39.3
82.4
75.6
73.9
79.7
82.4
75.5
73.7
79.7
82.5
75.3
140.2
97.2
216.0
134.5
97.2
211.0
133.0
97.6
204.8
133.9
112.7
183.1
95.4
285.5
119.3
163.8
130.5
111.6
29.97
31.43
128.2
101.7
113.1
141.1
127.9
101.6
175/7
95.7
281.6
171.6
94.2
270.7
34.35
29.27
36.62
34.43
29.39
36.99
34.09
28.89
36.60
42.9
40.3
47.9
42.9
40.5
48.3
42.1
39.9
47.8
80.3
72.6
76.6
80.7
72.5
76.7
81.3
72.3
76.6
Durable goods
Iron and steel and their products, not including
machinery
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills..Bolts, nuts, washers and rivets..
Cast-iron pipe 2
Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools...
Forgings, iron and steelHardware
Plumbers'supplies
Stamped and enameled ware
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings.
Stoves
Structural and ornamental metal work.
Tin cans and other tinware
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
iiles, and saws) „
Wirework.
Machinery, not including transportation equipment.
Agricultural implements (including tractors)..
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculating machines
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.
Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills
Foundry and machine-shop products..
Machine tools _.
72.3
Radios and phonographs
Textile machinery and parts _
Typewriters and parts. _
Transportation equipment.
Aircraft
Automobiles
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad..
Locomotives..
Shipbuilding..
113.0
81.4
110.0
22.46
26.01
24.06
22.30
26.23
23.72
22.19
25.97
22.96
36.8
40.1
37.2
36.4
40.3
36.6
36.6
39.9
35.6
61.1
65.0
64.7
61.4
65.2
64.7
60.6
65.2
64.4
122.6
115.4
114.8
117.0
124.3
118.6
2,166.0 2,096. 2 2,041.5 2,062. 7 2, 010.8 1,881. 2
112.0
113.1
121.2
114.4
122.9
119.1
57.4
59.0
52.0
61.1
58.3
54.3
28.0
28.9
26.1
28.4
26.0
27.2
152.8
142.7
169.4
150.7
169.3
149.9
34.40
29.75
35.78
28.36
28.61
33.25
34.39
29.96
35.53
29.92
28.08
33.68
33.47
28.73
34.80
28.83
28.93
31.53
38.3
41.4
37.9
37.4
36.7
38.5
38.4
42.1
37.7
39.4
36.3
39.0
37.6
41.1
37.1
39.1
37.4
37.1
90.2
73.3
94.5
75.7
77.9
85.9
90.0
73.4
94.4
75.9
77.4
86.0
73.0
93.8
73.8
77.3
85.7
128.3
84.9
114.4
121.7
85.8
115.2
126.3
85.9
117.5
116.0
80.1
112.2
109.5
81.9
111.4
Nonferrous metals and their products..
Aluminum manufactures
Brass, bronze, and copper products
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices-.
Jewelry
Lighting equipment
Silverware and plated ware
Smelting and refining—copper, lead and zinc - -
105.4
171.5
125.5
107.1
171.3
128.7
107.2
171.3
128.3
102.9
199.3
132.4
104.8
196.3
137.2
103.4
194.8
136.4
26.76
28.31
28.58
26.96
27.91
29.01
26.65
27.72
28.96
38.6
39.8
38.6
38.9
39.6
39.0
38.4
39.4
39.2
70.0
71.1
74.8
69.7
70.5
74.8
70.2
74.3
89.4
90.0
85.9
70.2
85.9
90.9
92.4
86.0
70.2
86.7
91.2
91.1
88.0
70.8
87.0
91.7
72.2
74.2
62.9
84.4
94.8
75.3
74.2
60.3
84.8
94.5
69.2
70.8
59.4
85.9
22.74
22.44
27.59
26.00
27.59
23.14
22.87
27.55
24.90
27.44
22.96
21.30
25.68
24.29
27.75
38.0
37.0
38.1
39.9
39.0
38.8
38.2
38.5
38.7
38.8
38.5
35.5
36.5
38.1
38.8
59.9
59.9
72.2
65.3
70.8
59.6
59.0
71.5
64.1
70.7
59.6
59.6
70.5
63.7
71.5
Lumber and allied products,.
Furniture _
Lumber:
Millwork_
SawmillsStone, clay, and glass products..
Brick, tile, and terra cotta
Cement_
Glass
_.
.- Marble, granite, slate, and other products.
Pottery.
66.9
86.4
66.8
88.7
66.7
89.0
61.4
74.2
61.0
77.7
60.0
76.8
20.00
20.70
19.91
21.15
19.69
20.91
38.4
38.3
38.4
39.2
38.0
39.2
51.8
54.6
51.5
54.7
51.3
53.9
60.9
60.3
60.7
59.5
60.7
59.1
47.6
55.4
47.1
53.3
47.0
52.0
21.84
18.93
21.59
18.49
21.58
18.19
40.0
38.1
39.9
37.6
39.7
37.0
54.7
49.7
54.3
49.2
54.4
49.1
80.5
58.0
67.7
105.3
45.6
93.0
77.7
54.4
59.4
106.2
42.9
93.1
75.5
52.9
55.4
102.5
42.6
92.9
72.2
45.2
63.6
114.2
34.6
85.1
68.3
41.5
54.1
112.8
29.6
85.3
65.3
39.6
48.1
108.3
29.1
84.3
24.49
19.97
26.68
26.49
26.68
23.28
24.03
19.55
25.81
26.02
24.24
23.26
23.71
19.30
24.63
25.89
23.96
23.03
36.5
36.1
38.1
36.0
36.9
37.1
35.7
35.0
36.7
35.2
34.3
37.6
35.3
34.6
35.0
35.2
34.0
37.5
66.4
55.1
70.0
73.9
73.0
63.9
66.4
55.3
70.3
74.1
70.8
63.7
55.4
70.4
73.8
71.0
62.9
98.8
88.3
79.5
90.8
79.0
102.9
90.6
80.1
92.1
81.1
105.5
95.5
82.2
95.5
84.8
81.4
75.2
67.8
80.6
73.4
89.4
78.4
67.4
82.8
75.5
91.3
84.2
70.6
87.4
75.2
16.74
16.40
23.61
14.39
18.05
17.45
16.62
23.30
14.59
18.17
17.48
16.98
23.76
14.92
17.23
34.2
34.5
35.5
35.0
37.4
35.1
35.1
35.2
35.6
38.0
35.1
35.7
36.0
36.2
36.2
49.5
48.2
66.6
41.0
49.0
50.5
48.2
66.3
41.0
48.8
50.5
48.4
66.0
41.1
48.5
125.4
65.4
139.9
60.0
77.1
128.1
86. 5
139.9
65.3
78.6
130.1
91.5
145.3
67.9
77.0
104.7
38.8
143.2
47.2
68.2
108.7
68.6
144.6
53.0
71.7
109.2
84.4
150.8
56.6
68.9
20.28
16.18
18.24
16.79
14.87
20.62
21.50
18.42
17.28
15.37
20.46
25.13
18.59
17.83
15.11
36.5
22.2
33.2
34.9
35.2
37.5
29.3
33.9
35.7
36.6
37.3
34.8
33.8
36.8
36.1
55.0
71.8
55.4
47.6
42.3
54.6
71.4
55.0
47.7
42.3
54.3
72.8
55.3
47.8
42.1
130.5
64.4
66.7
134. 5
66.2
71.4
135.1
69.0
84.9
101.4
50.3
53.2
107.2
52.2
57.2
107.7
54.2
71.7
17.46
16.16
18.35
17.86
16.25
18.42
17.94
16.17
19.47
34.5
35.2
32.5
36.4
35.5
32.6
36.7
35.6
34.4
49.0
45.6
56.5
47.8
45.4
56.7
47.7
45.1
56.6
Nondurable goods
Textiles and their products*.
Fabrics*
.
Carpets and rugs..
Cotton goods
.
Cotton small wares.
Dyeing and finishing textiles.
Hats, fur-felt.
Hosiery. __
___
Knitted outerwear
Knitted under wearKnitted cloth
-__.
Silk and rayon goods*-. _...
Woolen and worsted goods.
See footnotes a t end of table.
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries—Continued
Employment index
Industry
April
1940
Nondurable
April
1940
March February
1940
1940
April
1940
March February
1940
1940
Average hours worked
per week
April
1940
March February
1940
1940
Average hourly
earnings
April
1940
March February
1940
1940
goods—Continued
Textiles and their products*—Continued
Wearing apparel
Clothing, men's
Clothing, women's
Corsets and allied garments.
Men's furnishings. Millinery
Shirts and collars..
Leather and its manufactures..
Boots and shoesLeather.
Food and kindred products.
Baking
Beverages..
Butter
Canning and preservings
Confectionery.
Flour
Icecream..
Slaughtering and meat packing..
Sugar, beet
Sugar refining, cane..
Tobacco manufactures
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff
Cigars and cigarettes. .
Paper and printing
Boxes, paper
Paper and pulp
Printing and publishing:
Book and job
Newspapers and periodicals..
March February
1940
1940
Average weekly
earnings
Pay-roll index
118.6
103.5
168.1
115.4
117.8
87.3
125.2
126.6
111.9
181.2
116.1
124.3
96.8
125.8
123.7
110.2
176.2
115.5
120.9
89.5
125.0
88.7
72.0
118.7
120.2
101.0
73.8
111.2
105.7
88.3
141.6
119.7
116.5
103.2
113.0
99.8
85.9
134.4
118.1
112.6
77.2
108.3
17.63
18.11
19.04
17.20
13.34
24.28
14.14
19.54
20.43
21.07
16.99
14.54
30.59
14.34
18.86
20.18
20.46
16.86
14.43
24.92
13.86
33.6
31.6
34.3
36.0
33.5
35.0
35.3
35.2
34.3
35.1
36.0
35.3
39.5
36.0
34.0
34.0
33.4
35.7
34.0
35.0
35.0
Cents
51.9
57.4
50.8
46.8
39.5
67.2
40.4
Cents
54.3
58.8
54.7
46.4
40.1
70.9
40.3
Cents
54.4
58.7
55.5
46.8
41.4
66.3
40.2
94.2
93.1
82.7
98.2
97.7
84.0
99.3
98.3
86.6
70.7
66.6
78.2
80.3
78.2
80.4
82.6
80.2
83.3
17.68
16.30
23.63
19.23
18.20
23.83
19.61
18.59
23.96
32.5
31.5
36.9
35.6
35.2
37.3
36.7
36.6
37.4
54.3
52.1
64.2
54.1
51.9
63.8
53.7
51.4
63.9
119.7
142.5
268.2
93.7
103.4
118.8
143.1
261.4
90.0
88.1
118.8
142.3
254.4
88.6
91.5
117.6
134.3
311.8
80.4
83.2
117.1
134.4
299.9
77.5
76.2
115.5
132.4
283.9
75.7
78.0
25.17
26.22
34.00
22.76
15.64
25.25
26.12
33.53
22.86
16.88
25.00
25.84
32.69
22.78
16.69
39.4
41.4
39.0
46.6
31.6
39.8
41.6
38.4
46.6
34.8
39.4
41.2
37.6
45.7
34.6
64.3
63.6
88.0
48.7
50.5
63.9
63. J
87.8
49.6
49.5
77.0
78.2
74.7
103.6
44.1
94.0
81.9
79.4
70.2
107.4
39.6
95.7
84.0
79.3
66.8
108.6
37.9
92.0
74.0
71.5
63.0
109.5
48.2
77.0
77.4
73.3
59.9
111.5
45.3
78.9
80.6
73.7
57.1
110.9
44.3
76.6
18.83
24.79
29.30
27.76
28.38
23.05
18.47
25.01
29.68
27.26
29.74
23.18
18.74
25.14
29.73
26.88
30.41
23.41
36.8
40.6
45.6
40.3
39.4
36.5
36.8
40.7
45.4
40.0
39.8
36.6
37.7
41.0
45.0
39.5
40.3
36.1
51.1
60.8
63.5
68.9
74.3
63.1
64.1
63.0
88.2
48.9
49.5
50.2
61.1
64.8
68.1
77.3
63.4
63.8
58.5
64.3
63.6
60.5
63.9
61.7
62.1
61.5
58.7
64.2
58.0
58.1
66.9
56.9
54.0
69.3
52.0
17.07
17.78
16.91
16.88
17.90
16.64
16.25
18.05
15.80
34.7
33.5
34.8
34.5
34.3
34.6
32.8
34.6
32.5
49.3
53.1
48.8
49.0
52.3
48.5
49.1
52.2
48.7
113.8
113.0
112.0
114.4
114.2
112.6
114.6
114.8
113.0
109.7
120.7
115.4
110.0
121.6
115.1
108.6
119.4
116.9
28.70
21.25
25.35
28.67
21.16
25.17
28.37
20.75
25.42
38.1
37.9
39.9
38.0
38.1
39.5
37.8
37.3
39.8
79.6
59.5
63.7
78.9
55.8
63.7
78.3
55.7
63.8
99.5
116.5
99.8
117.0
101.2
115.4
87.4
110.9
88.2
110.9
87.0
107.5
30.73
38.27
30.85
38.19
30.05
37.59
38.2
36.2
38.4
36.0
37.9
35.9
81.6
102.9
81.7
102.3
80.4
101.8
50.1
60.9
65.2
68.0
77.6
64.8
Chemical, petroleum, a n d coal products
Petroleum refining
Other than petroleum refining
Chemicals
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meaL.
Druggists' preparations.
....
ExplosivesFertilizers
...._.
Paints and varnishes
E a y o n and allied p r o d u c t s . .
Soap.
Rubber products
_
Rubber boots and shoes
Rubber tires and inner t u b e s . .
Rubber goods, other..
See footnotes at end of table.
...
122.4
121.1
124.0
135.2
81.7
118.7
122.7
121.3
123.1
135.6
89.2
118.7
121.0
120.9
121.1
136.1
97,7
119.4
133.4
136.9
132.3
159.6
69=1
130.5
132.5
135.8
131.5
159.3
79=9
131.2
131.4
134.4
130.4
159.7
89.1
130.4
28.99
35.34
26.51
31.97
13.54
24.88
29.14
34.96
26.86
31.82
14.27
25.09
29.31
34.78
27.24
31.79
14.55
24.74
38.5
36.5
39.2
39.8
40.1
39.4
38.4
36.2
39.2
39.7
42.1
40.0
38.4
35.9
39.2
39.6
42.7
39.4
74.2
97.4
66.5
80.1
32.8
60.5
74.6
97.1
67.0
80.0
33.1
60.3
75.6
97.5
68.1
80.3
33.4
60.0
114.0
174.8
124.4
305.8
81.2
107.8
151.8
123.5
309.0
82.7
105.5
109.3
123.2
313.3
84.4
133.1
136.2
131.9
311.1
98.0
128.8
112.7
130.5
316.0
99.5
127.5
83.7
128.3
321.3
100.3
31.99
13.81
29.02
26.12
28.27
32.80
13.52
28.93
26.26
28.08
33.16
13.81
28.43
26.33
27.81
38.4
36.4
40.6
38.9
39.4
39.1
35.3
40.4
39.1
39.2
39.4
34.2
39.6
39.1
39.1
83.3
37.9
71.7
67.2
71.7
83.9
38.4
71.8
67.2
71.7
84.2
40.4
71.9
67.4
71.1
84.8
56.1
69.7
139.7
87.3
55.9
72.3
144.2
88.0
56.8
73.0
145.3
86.5
55.3
78.1
132.6
88.2
55.8
79.0
137.5
88.3
53.4
80.6
135. 2
27.98
22.66
32.77
23.11
27.66
22.90
31.98
23.22
27.40
21.55
32.29
22.69
36.0
37.0
34.1
37.8
35.8
37.2
33.5
38.0
35.3
35.5
33.7
37.2
77.9
61.3
96.6
61.9
77.7
61.6
96.3
61.8
77.7
60.6
96.4
61.6
TABLE 4.—Employment, Pay Rolls, Hours, and Earnings in Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing Industries—Continued
NONMANUFACTURING
[Indexes are based on 12-month average, 1929=100]
Employment index
IndustryApril
1940
Pay-roll index
March Febru- April
1940
ary
1940
1940
Average weekly
earnings
March Febru- April
ary
1940
1940
1940
Average hours worked
per week
March Febru- April
ary
1940
1940
1940
March February
1940
1940
Average hourly
earnings
April
1940
March Febru1940
ary
1940
Cents
Cents
Cents
Cents
Cents
Cents
Coal mining: 3
Anthracite ...
52.6
52.0
36.3
38.4
32.9
23.11
51.6
24.03
20.76
26.2
26.3
22.2
90.6
91.7
91.6
Bituminous 3
89.7
91.7
71.4
78.3
87.0
22.42
86.0
23.57
25.73
25.3
26.5
29.2
88.1
88.4
87.8
Metalliferous mining
66.2
66.3
63.1
63.2
64.2
29.23
67.6
29.88
30.35
40.4
41.2
41.3
72.7
73.0
73.9
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining41.0
38.3
38.5
34.1
30.8
21.34
44.8
20.67
20.02
38.3
36.9
35.6
55.9
56.0
56.2
Crude-petroleum production
63.2
63.0
58.6
58.4
59.0
34.16
63.2
34.02
34.51
38.0
37.8
38.2
88.2
88.4
88.3
Public utilities:
75.9
98.1
96.9
31.90
76.0
99.3
31.73
31.34
39.7
39.1
76.5
39.4
81.1
80.8
Telephone and telegraph 445 «__
80.8
Electric light and power
89.3
89.2
103.7
102.3
102.2
35.04
90.3
34.96
34.93
39.8
39.9
39.9
88.1
87.6
87.4
68.2
68.7
69.3
69.5
71.5
33.40
68.5
33.60
34. 35
45.8
46.3
47.0
72.0
71.8
71.9
Street railways and busses * s e_
Trade:
90.2
77.2
77.1
30.32
90.5
89.0
77.8
30.08
29.68
41.3
41.2
4
40.9
73.7
73.1
72.6
Wholesale 7...
91.1
87.0
82.0
82.3
79.1
21.41
90.0
21.02
21.46
42.9
42.6
42.9
54.5
54.0
54.3
Retail 4 «. _.
103.8
103.1
94.4
94.2
94.1
23.37
103.4
23.33 23.49
43.3
43.3
43.3
52.4
52.3
52.4
Foods
96.4
87.9
85.9
84.9
80.8
18.01
93.0
17.62
18.12
38.8
38.4
38.9
46.3
45.7
46.3
45
General merchandising _
92.6
75.5
79.3
77.8
69.3
20.74
86.9
19.89
21.48
38.0
36.5
38.9
54.6
53.8
54.8
Apparel 5 5
76.3
65.6
28.19
66.3
67.3
28.00
27.92
76.6
77.1
44.3
44.3
44.0
67.0
65.4
66.5
Furniture
82.5
81.5
78.0
82.7
74.1
29.12
84.9
28.33 27.20
47.9
47.8
47.3
60.2
59.0
57.1
Automotive 5_
70.4
69.4
65.7
68.0
64.5
26.22
72.4
26.06
25.94
42.6
42.3
41.9
62.9
63.0
63.3
Lumber 3
92.0
92.1
81.8
83.0
82.7
15.56
92.6
15.44
15.55
46.4
46.2
46.4
33.5
32.9
33.2
Hotels (year-round) 3 4 s__
96.2
95.8
84.1
97.3
85.7
83.1
18.01
17.87
17.74
43.1
43.0
43.0
41.9
41.7
41.3
Laundries 3
3
64.4
21.03
99.5
80.1
72.7
20.10
93.7
18.83
104.8
43.5
42.4
40.4
49.3
48.8
48.5
Dyeing and cleaning _.
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
-.4
-1.0
-1.3
-1.3
37.75 36.95
37.07
+1.8 - 2 . 4
Brokerages(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
(10)
-.1
-.6
-.2
36.55 36.79
36.44
+.2
+1.6
+.1
Insurance 4 9
30.32
29.89
31.7
28.93
30.9
30.2
95.8
97.0
96.2
+.6 +13.3 +6.3 - 1 . 8
+11.7 +3.0
Building construction 9
.-_ -_.
•Revised series of employment and pay-roll indexes. Figures for earlier months availpublished in pamphlets prior to January 1938 as they now exclude corporation officers,
able on request.
executives, and other employees whose duties are mainly supervisory.
1 Revised series. Mimeographed sheets, giving averages by years, 1932 to 1938, inclus Retail-trade indexes adjusted to 1935 census and public-utility indexes to 1937 census.
sive, and by months, January 1938 to September 1939, inclusive, available on requestNot comparable to indexes published in pamphlets prior to January 1940 or in Monthly
Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data supplied by a smaller
Labor Reviews prior to April 1940.
number of establishments than average weekly earnings, as not all reporting firms furnish
s Covers street railway, and trolley and motorbus operations of subsidiary, affiliated,
man-hours. The figures are not strictly comparable from month to month because of
and successor companies; formerly "electric-railroad and motorbus operation and
changes in the size and composition of the reporting sample.
maintenance."
2
Average weekly earnings, average weekly hours, and average hourly earnings not
7 Indexes adjusted to 1933 census. Comparable series in November 1934 and subcomparable to previously published averages because of changes in reporting sample.
sequent issues of pamphlet.
Comparable January average weekly earnings $20.77; average weekly hours 34.7; average
s Cash payments only; additional value of board, room, and tips not included.
hourly earnings 59.4 cents.
• Indexes of employment and pay rolls are not available; percentage changes from pre••* Indexes adjusted to 1935 census. Comparable series back to January 1929 presented ceding month substituted.
••
io Not available.
in January 1938 issue of pamphlet.
* Average weekly earnings, hourly earnings, and hours not comparable with figures
00
19
TABLE 5.—Indexes of Employment and Pay Rolls in Selected Manufacturing1 and Nonmanufacturing 2 Industries, April 1939 to April 1940, inclusive
Employment
1939
Industry
1940
Av. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb Mar. Apr.
Manufacturing
94.1 93.0 93.4 93.5 96.3 100. 2 103. 6 103, 8 104.1 101. 4 101. 4 100.8
All industries
i.
96.1 98. 2 100.0 97.4
Durable goods * 4 ._ 87.8 84.8 84.0 84.6 83.0
96.4 i.0
L05.5 103.0 101. 6 101. 8 103. 5 108.1 110. 2 110. 8 109. 2 108.0 105. 3 106.1105.0 103.0
i.
Nondurable goods Nonmanufacturing
Anthracite mining 5
50.
Bituminous coal mining
78.6
Metalliferous mining
62.7
Quarrying and nonmetallic
mining
44.6
Crude petroleum produc65.8
tion
Telephone and telegraph6 •. 75.8
Electric light and power _ - 89.0
S t r e e t 6 a i l w a y s and
r
69.0
busses 7
89.2
Wholesale trade.
89.8
Retail trade 6
8
92.0
Year-round hotels _.
95.9
Laundries 5
101.3
Dyeing and cleaning 6
53.0 52. 51.2 44.7 48.5
25.9 47.9 78.3 79.4 81.4
60.4
61.5
61.6
61.
47.3 47.5 48.1
43.0
45.6
67.0 67.3
65.8
75.1 66. 76.4 76.5 76.6
75.8
). 2 90.0 90.6
87.7
68.5 68.9 69.3
87.3 87. 88.1 87.9 89.0
88.8 89.4 87.2
93.2 93.9 92.8 90.3
93.5 95.5 98. 7 100.0 99.1
102.2 107.0 110.1 106.5 102.7
49.4 51.9 51.3 51.0 51.5 52.0 52.6 51.6
85.4 93.0 94.1 92.6 91.8 91.7 89.7 86.0
62.9 65.3 66.5 67.3 66.4 66.3 66.2 67.6
47.9 48.0 47.1 44.0 37.:
38.3
41.0 44.8
65.0 64.3 63.8 63.
63.0 63.2 63.2
76.4 76.5 76.1 75.8 76.1 75.9 70.0 76.5
90.6 90.4 90.3 90.1 89.1 89.2 89.3 90.3
90.5
90.5
91.3
97.
105.2
69.5
92.4
91.7
92.9
96.0
105.1
69.3
92.1
93. 3
91.8
95.6
69.0
92.2
104. 2
90.8
9,
97.4
68.8
90.6
87.7
91.3
96.0
94.0
68.7
90.2
87.0
92.1
95.8
93.7
68.2
90.5
91.1
92.0
96.2
99.5
68.5
89.0
90.0
92.6
97.3
1018
Pay rolls
Manufacturing
90.8 85.5 85.0 86.5 84.4 89.7 93.8 101.6 101. 6 103. 7 98.3 97.8 98.2 96.3
All industries..
_
85.2 79.5 78.8 80.7 76.0 81.5 87.8 99.6 100.9 104.6 98.2 96.7 97 6 97.2
Durable goods 3
Nondurable goods 4 _ _ _ 97.0 92.2 91.9 93.0 93.7 99.0 100.5 103.9 102.4 102. 8 98.4 99.1 98.9 95.3
Nonmanufacturing
Anthracite mining 5
Bituminous coal mining 5 .
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nonmetallic
mining
Crude petroleum production
6
Telephone and telegraph6_
Electric light and power .
S t r e e t 67 i l w a y s a n d
ra
busses
Wholesale trade .
Retail trade 8
Year-round hotels *_.
Laundries5
.
Dyeing and cleaning 5 .. ...
39.5 43.4 57.0 36.1 25.2 33.8 40.1 52.2 42.0 26.6 52.5 32.9 38.4
20.4 66.5 64.5 74.6 80.2 97.6 96.3 84.3 87.0 87.0
69.9 1'
56.0 52.6 54.1 53.8 48.5 53.0 55.1 63.4 63.9 65.0 63.6 64.2
38.7
16. 3
35. 9 39.7 41.7 40.9 42.9 42.7 45.6 42.9 39.2 29.6 30.8 34.1 38.5
61.0 60.8 61.2 62.5 61.9 62.0 60.8 58.8 59.6 59.2 58.4 59.0 58.4 58.6
95.6 94.0 95.7 95.7 96.6 96.3 96.9 97.2 96.4 97.4 97.4 96.9 98.1 99.3
100.4 98.3 99.9 101. 2 101.1 102. 2 102. 2 102.0 102.5 102.4 101. 6 102. 2 102.3 103.7
69.5
70.6
80. S
81.2
83.1
73.6
68.4
74.8
79.6
81.9
79.9
73.3
68.9
74.9
79.9
82.4
83.9
....
83.0
70.0
75.8
81.1
82.0
86.9
[84. 2
69.4
75.8
79.5
79.1
88.0
77.1
69.8
76.2
78.0
79.2
85.9
73.0
69.2
78.0
80.9
80.4
84. {
i
78.3
71.2
80.3
83.2
82.2
83.9
77.3
69.4
79.0
83.6
81.8
82.9
70.8
69.8
79.1
91.8
81.1
83.7
69.9
69.0
77.1
79.9
81.1
83.4
65.
71.5
77.1
79.1
82.7
83.1
64.4
69.5
77.8
82.0
81.8
84.1
72.7
69.3
77.2
82.3
83.0
85.7
i 3-year average 1923-25=100—adjusted to 1937 Census of Manufactures.
212-month average for 1929=100. Comparable indexes for wholesale trade, quarrying, metal mining, and
crude petroleum production are in November 1934 and subsequent issues of Employment and Pay Rolls,
or in February 1935 and subsequent issues of MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW. For other nonmanufacturing
indexes see notes 5 and 6.
3 Includes: Iron and steel, machinery, transportation equipment, nonferrous metals, lumber and allied
products, and stone, clay, and glass products.
4
Includes: Textiles and their products, leather and its manufactures, food and kindred products, tobacco
manufactures, paper and printing, chemicals and allied products, products of petroleum and coal, rubber
products, and a number of miscellaneous industries not included in other groups.
5
Indexes have been adjusted to the 1935 census. Comparable series from January 1929 forward are presented in January 1938 and subsequent issues of pamphlet.
6
Retail trade indexes adjusted to 1935 census and public utility indexes to 1937 census. Not comparable
with indexes published in pamphlets prior to January 1940 or in MONTHLY LABOR REVTEW prior to April
1940. Comparable series January 1929 to December 1939 available in mimeographed form.
1
Covers street railways and trolley and motorbus operations of subsidiary, affiliated, and successor
companies.
20
TREND OF INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT, BY STATES
A comparison of employment and pay-rolls, by States and geographic divisions in March and April 1940, is shown in table 6 for all
groups combined and for all manufacturing industries combined based
on data supplied by reporting establishments. The percentage changes
shown, unless otherwise noted, are unweighted—that is, the industries
included in the manufacturing group and in the total for all groups
have not been weighted according to their relative importance.
The totals for all manufacturing industries combined include figures
for miscellaneous manufacturing industries in addition to the 90
manufacturing industries presented in table 3. The totals for all
groups combined include all manufacturing industries, each of the
nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 3 (except building
construction), and seasonal hotels.
Similar comparisons showing only percentage changes are available
in mimeographed form for all groups combined, all manufacturing,
anthracite mining, bituminous-coal mining, metalliferous mining,
quarrying and nonmetallic mining, crude-petroleum production, public utilities, wholesale trade, retail trade, hotels, laundries, dyeing and
cleaning, and brokerage and insurance.
T A B L E 6.—Comparison of Employment
and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in
March and April 1940, by Geographic Divisions and by States
[Figures in italics are not compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statisitcs, but are taken from reports issued by
cooperating State organizations]
Total—all groups
Geographic division and State
New England.
Maine
N. Hampshire Vermont
Massachusetts _
Rhode Island - Connecticut. ..
Middle Atlantic
New York-. ._
New Jersey
Pennsylvania,.
East North Central..
Ohio
Indiana.
Illinois
Michigan..
Wisconsin
West North CentralMinnesota _
Iowa
Missouri
North D a k o t a .
South Dakota.Nebraska .
Kansas..
Number
of
establishments
Per- Amount Per- NumNumcentber on centber
of pay
age
age
pay
of
change roll (1 change estabweek)
roll
from lishfrom
April March April
March ments
1940
1940
1940
1940
Dollars
.,
13,189 885,885 - 1 . 3 21J091,029
55, 471 - 1 . 3 1,151,017
866
40, 279
835, 968
661
-.5
18, 705 - 2 . 7
440,282
501
2 7, 519 462,156 -1.1 11,021,679
1,192
92,096 - 3 . 3 2,028, 390
5, 613, 693
2,450 217,178
"»,
33,074 2, 242,959 - 1 . 5 60, 547,926
',
20, 024 982, 582 - 1 . 7 27,,588, 579
1
,
- 1 . 0 10,, 585, 254
4,033
9, 017 872,109 - 1 . 5 2: 374, 093
,366,870
26,161 2, 270, 555 - 1 . 164,:
270,
""i5,214
7,769 575,568 - 1 .
—
7,073, 742
2,989 269,172 -1.82 15,!
6
'\
6, 572 619, 823 -1. 3 16,',787,869
4,548 556,107 - 1 . 2 18,145, 205
6
a 6,604,840
"
4, ^83 249, 885
'.,
12,902 466, 801
111, 661, 895
8 2,868 134,104 +1-4 ', 665,286
66, 856 - . 5 1, 628, 972
2,040
3,248 170, 980 -1.5 4,113, 257
113,011
4,621
-.5
511
220, 423
8,240
493
636, 715
27, 866 +L9
1,321
54,134 10 +5. 0 1, 28 %31
See footnotes at end of table.
Manufacturing
-2.1
-1.7
-2.4
+.9
-2.1
-3.8
-1.7
-2.0
-2.4
-1.2
-1.
-L5
-1.5
-1.8
-.2
-0)
+.4
+2.9
— 1.1
-2.0
+1.1
+.5
l +2.3
+«7
Number on
pay
roll
April
1940
3,600 607,724
282
45, 216
33,144
213
154
11,716
1,787 266,123
71,940
425
739 179, 585
6,949 1, 320,064
3 2,835 472,165
1,673 311,419
*,U1 536,480
8,360 1, 687,490
2,363 429, 622
1,074 214,529
2,387 415,814
453,217
l,i
174,808
2,464 224,502
641 52, 822
37, 765
366
97,198
804
455
29
2,579
29
142
453 24, 785
PerPercent- Amount centof pay
age
age
roll (1
change week) change
from
from
March April
March
1940
1940
1940
Dollars
- 1 . 8 13, 928,290 - 3 . 1
;,
-1.9
904, 272 - 2 . 4
-.5
666, 813 - 2 . 9
-4.2
275,923 +0)
-2.2 5,999,284 -4.0
- 3 . 8 1, 523,054 - 5 . 0
- . 4 4, 558, 944 - 1 . 7
- 1 . 8 35, 215,365 - 3 . 0
-2. 12,948, 200 -4-7
— 1. 8, 395, 802 - 1 . 5
%
-1.6 IS, 871, 368 *-1.9
1. 3 49,367,296 - 1 . 2
3 12, 111, 689 - 2 . 1
1. "
l. 3 5,822,649 i-l.S
1
-l.S
-1.2 11,
1.5 15,487, 729 -.3
4,716, 793 * - . 8
5, 579, 561 - 1 . 0
+.3 1,419, 529 +2.2
955, 604 - 2 . 2
-1.0
- 2 . 1 2, 259, 981 - 3 . 9
+4.6
11, 690 +4.0
-2.7
63, 671 - 1 . 3
-.3
228, 381 +2.1
+2.5 640, 705 +3.9
21
TABLE 6.—Comparison of Employment
and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments
in
March and April 1940, by Geographic Divisions and by States—Continued
Manufacturing
Total—all groups
Geographic division and State
Number
of
establishments
Number on
pay
roll
April
1940
South Atlantic
11,269 931,146
Delaware
244
16,380
Maryland
1,571 151,609
District of Columbia .
1,048
40,093
Virginia
2,023 127,980
West Virginia.. I,-"
144,313
North Carolina. 1,658 169,984
South Carolina.
846
99, 586
Georgia..
1,508 127,445
1,083
Florida
53,756
East South Central.- 4,961 324, 870
K e n t u c k y . . ._ 1,569
89,633
1,407 108,878
Tennessee
Alabama
._ 1,415 103, 477
570
22, 882
Mississippi
West South Central,. 5,868 230, 038
"898
Arkansas27,3U
Louisiana... ._ 1,044
55,866
Oklahoma
41, 240
Texas..
... .. 2,559 105,688
4,092 125, 293
Mountain
Montana..
19,625
Idaho
10,091
Wyoming. _ ..
347
7,978
Colorado
1,191
40,073
New M e x i c o . . .
289
6,170
404
Arizona....
17. 474
559
Utah....
21,176
Nevada166
2,706
Pacific
10,974 520, 883
Washington
2,624 96, 266
Oregon
1,277
47,927
California
"7,078 376,690
PerPercent- Amount cent- Numof pay
age
age
roll (1 change ber
of
change week)
from estabfrom
April
March lishMarch
1940
1940 ments
1940
Dollars
;,
- 1 . 4 18 609,639
427,073
3,852,656
-1.9
+3.8
1,103,438
2, 486,838
3,568,658
2,643,167
1,495,811
2,064, 233
967,765
6, 042, 239
1, 866, 733
Q
1, 953, 314
- L 8 1, 864,928
-1.
357, 264
- . 7 5,188,995
-.6
456,244
- 1 . 7 1,126, 724
- . 2 1,021, 923
-.5 2, 684. Ml
+.3 3, 290, 783
+1.1 563,580
+2.8 263, 749
+1.2 219,968
- 2 . 3 1,019,964
132, 484
+3.0
+.7 480, 995
+1.6 523,856
+
86,187
+4.0
+2.3 15,
•,117,696
+.1 "
2,719, 515
+.2 1, 277, 221
+3.1 11,120,960
40
470
216
691
292
410
194
1,069
299
375
295
100
1,348
258
i
235
+L5
138
717
566
+.1
75
+1.3
59
+2.5
33
+1-4
206
-2.0
+5.5
30
-.4
35
115
13
-L7
+2.2 2,723
553
+.7
303
+1.9
+2.6 1,867
+1.1
-.3
+.9
-.9
-1.7
-.9
-.4
-2.1
-8.9
-1.3
-1.9
+.8
-1.3
-3.3
-2.7
-.4
-1.7
-9.7
-1.5
-1.4
7
-2! 3
-1.8
Per- Amount
Number on centof pay
age
pay
roll (1
change week)
roll
from
April March April
1940
1940
1940
3,034 634,061
78
6J,8 110,852
Dollars
- 1 . 2 1L,783,411
298,8V
+1.7
2,815,82.
117,162
3,320 +2.2
- . 3 1,673, 234
87,603
1,313,608
52,376 - 3 . 0
- . 6 2,372,077
154, 224
A
1, 340,500
91,468
99, 207 -2.6 1,462, 898
389, 790
23, 891 - 8 . 9
201, 544 - 1 . 3 3, 529,410
768, 796
36,995 - 1 . 4
1, 393, 751
80,018
69, 511 - 2 . 3 1,153,380
213, 483
15.020 - 3 .
+.2 2,477, 622
113,644
+.9 294,208
18,458
576, 525
30, 313 - 1 . 2
283, 772
12,126 + 2.1
1,323,11?
52,747
887,829
34,063 +Z.0
124,937
4,795 +4.7
03, 940
2, 433 +11.7
37, 628
1,122 +7.5
+.2 415, 539
15, 494
19, 474
950 +14.9
68, 349
2,782 +2.1
149, 462
6,208 +3.6
8,500
279 +5.7
274,274 +4.1 7,771,775
1, 583,906
54,836
724,019
27, 851
5,463,850
191,587
+
+6.1
1
Less t h a n Ho of 1 percent.
' I n c l u d e s banks and trust companies; construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employment;
amusement and recreation; professional services; and trucking and handling.
3 Includes laundering and cleaning; and water, light, and power.
4
Weighted percentage change.
5
Includes automobile and miscellaneous services; restaurants; and building and contracting.
6
Includes construction b u t not public works.
7
Does not include logging.
8 Includes banks; real estate; pipe-line transportation; motor transportation (other t h a n operation and
maintenance); water transportation; hospitals and clinics; and personal, business, mechanical repair, and
miscellaneous services.
9
Includes financial institutions, miscellaneous services, and restaurants.
10
Weighted percentage change, including hired farm labor.
» Includes automobile dealers and garages; and sand, gravel, and building stone.
12
Includes banks, insurance, and office employment
22
INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT IN
PRINCIPAL METROPOLITAN AREAS
A comparison of employment and pay rolls in March and April 1940
is made in table 7 for 13 metropolitan areas, each of which had a population of 100,000 or over in 1930. Cities within these areas but having
a population of 100,000 or over, are not included. Footnotes to the
table specify which cities are excluded. Data concerning them have
been prepared in a supplementary tabulation which is available on request. The figures represent reports from cooperating establishments
and cover both full- and part-time workers in the manufacturing and
nonmanufacturing industries presented in table 3, with the exception
of building construction, and include also miscellaneous industries.
Revisions made in the figures after they have gone to press, chiefly
because of late reports by cooperating firms, are incorporated in the
supplementary tabulation mentioned above. This supplementary
tabulation covers these 13 metropolitan areas, as well as other metropolitan areas and cities having a population of 100,000 or more,
according to the 1930 Census of Population.
TABLE 7.—Comparison of Employment and Pay Rolls in Identical Establishments in
March and April 1940 by Principal Metropolitan Areas
Metropolitan area
Number of Number on Percentage
establishchange
pay roll
from
ments
April 1940 April 1940 March 1940
Amount of
pay roll
(1 week)
April 1940
Percentage
change
from
March 1940
-3.0
-.8
-1.4
14,139
4,358
2,419
1,653
2,978
690,652
445, 217
215,642
360,264
171, 713
-2.1
-1.0
-1.1
-1.8
-.2
$19,543,974
12,478,545
5,933,216
12,531,932
5,021,775
Cleveland.
St. Louis._
BaltimoreBoston s
Pittsburgh.
1,372
1,400
1,150
2,704
1,237
127,008
127,970
116,112
182,865
189, 524
-.7
-2.4
-.2
-1.8
-2.2
3,715,176
3,173,682
2,994,271
4,628,750
5,479,422
San Francisco«__
Buffalo
Milwaukee..
1,627
797
987
80,961
75,059
104,140
-1.4
+.5
+.1
2,490,360
2,048,081
2,974,155
New York i_
Chicago 2
Philadelphia 3.
Detroit
Los Angeles 4__
1
Does not include
2 Does not include
3 Does not include
4
Does not include
8
Does not include
6 Does not include
Elizabeth, Jersey City, Newark, nor Paterson, N . J., nor Yonkers, N . Y.
Gary, Ind.
Camden, N . J.
Long Beach, Calif.
Cambridge, Lynn, or Somerville, Mass.
Oakland, Calif.
+.1
+1.6
+.1
-3.1
-.5
-2.6
-.7
+.2
+.5
-1.4
23
Public Employment
Employment created by the Federal Government includes employment financed from both regular and emergency appropriations.
EXECUTIVE SERVICE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Statistics of employment and pay rolls for the executive service of
the Federal Government in April and March 1940 are given in table 8.
TABLE 8.—Employment and Pay Rolls for the Executive Service of the United States
Government, April and March 1940 l
[Subject to revision]
Employment
Class
P a y rolls
Percentage
change
April
March
Entire Service:
Total.
959,146
945,836
+1.4
Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation..
Force account
810,465
61, 643
87,038
800,687
60,034
85,115
+1.2
+2.7
+2.3
125,935,949
7, 732,555
11,169,336
April
March
$144, 877,840 $143,912,985
Percentage
change
+0.6
125,627,160
7,575,981
10,709, 844
+.2
+2.1
+4.3
Inside the District of Columbia:
Total.
129,677
128,643
+.8
22,948,295
22, 727,942
+1.0
Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation..
Force account
114,071
8,770
6,836
113,281
8,813
6,549
+.7
-.5
+4.4
20,458, 766
1,367,016
1,122,513
20,324,543
1, 368,283
1,035,116
+8." 4
Outside the District of Columbia:
Total.
829,469
817,193
+1.5
121,889,545
121,185,043
+.6
Regular appropriation
Emergency appropriation..
Force account
696,394
52,873
80,202
687,406
51, 221
78,566
+1.3
+3.2
+2.1
105,477,183
6, 365,539
10,04G, 823
105,302,617
6, 207,698
9,674, 728
+.2
+2.5
+3.8
+.7
i Data include number of employees receiving pay during the last pay period of the month.
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY THE PUBLIC WORKS
ADMINISTRATION
Details concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
during April on construction projects financed by Public Works Administration funds are given in table 9, by type of project.
24
TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works
Administration Funds April 1940 1
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum Weekly
number
employed 2 average
All programs..
99,126
82,805
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours Average
worked
earnings
during
per hour
month
$9,918,076
10,022,149
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
$0.990 $15,229,277
Federal projects financed from National Industrial Recovery Act
funds
All projects.
Building construction..
Public roads 4
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control.
Water and sewerage.. .
Miscellaneous 6
3 739
(s)
._
591
$57,900
73,454
$0. 788
$57,829
296
241
97
102
68
60
23
30,961
4,646
10,718
4,516
3,213
3,846
26,499
10,004
14,785
7,848
9,803
4,515
1.168
.464
.725
.575
.328
.852
34,022
9,300
2,905
5,336
5,632
634
131
112
80
23
Federal projects financed from Public Works Administration
Appropriation Act 1938 funds
All projects..
Airport construction (exclusive of
buildings).
Buidling construction..
Electrification
._..
Reclamation
River, harbor, and flood control.. . . .
Ship constructionStreets and roads
Water and sewerage.
Miscellaneous
___
._
Professional, technical and clerical.. .
10,038
8,872
$1,081,283
1,144,460
$0.945
$1,062,703
420
6,782
609
1,248
355
30
27
95
220
252
419
5,914
583
1,125
288
28
20
79
199
217
45,688
726,267
87,134
120,395
33, 292
1,904
2,308
6,505
21,220
36,570
68,683
718, 252
89,271
148,484
38,059
1,336
2,868
6,634
28,600
42, 273
.665
1.011
.976
.811
.875
1.425
.805
.981
.742
.865
21,874
813,197
66,716
117,400
15,966
1,564
726
14,789
9,345
1,126
Non-Federal projects financed from National Industrial Recovery
Act funds
All projects 7 . .
3,260
2,723
$386,755
374,013
$1.034
$436,836
Building construction 7 .
Railroad construction..
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage.
Miscellaneous..
1,854
20
395
15
976
1,566
20
357
11
769
312,502
17
30,609
1,606
42,021
241,721
35
42,055
1,230
88,972
1.293
.486
.728
1.306
.472
232,656
49,656
354
154,170
Non-Federal projects financed from Emergency Relief Appropriation
Act 1935, 1936, and 1937 funds
All projects
7,875
6,814
$739,269
964,598
$0.766
$888,783
B uilding construction
Electrification
Heavy engineering..
Reclamation
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage _.
Miscellaneous
.
736
735
5,504
266
65
569
0
614
637
4,759
247
30
527
0
88,460
56,332
501,482
32,826
1,977
58,192
0
70,745
77,007
708,998
37,811
2,622
67,415
0
1.250
.732
.707
.868
.754
.863
0
83,149
127,554
558,428
18,002
3,745
74,702
23,203
See footnotes at end of table.
25
TABLE 9.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed From Public Works
Administration Funds April 1940—Continued
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum Weekly
number
employed average
Number of
Monthly man-hours Average
pay-roll
worked earnings
disburseper hour
during
ments
month
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Non-Federal projects financed from Public Works Administration
Appropriation Act 1938 funds
All projects..
77,214
63,805
$7,652,869
7,465,624
Building construction.
Electrification
Heavy engineering,.
Reclamation
._
River, harbor, and flood control-Streets and roads
Water and sewerage.
Miscellaneous. .
33,603
1,234
15, 220
531
2
12,937
13,660
27
27,498
986
12,813
417
2
10,543
11,523
23
3,171,992
103,707
1,868,719
36,454
50
1,119,980
1, 347,441
4,526
2,899,409
107,492
1,603,124
47,130
80
1,336, 826
1,468,308
3,255
$1.025 $12,783,126
1.094
.965
1.166
.773
.625
.838
.918
1.390
5,047,148
450,794
2, 228, 269
26,358
1,631,414
2,158,117
1,241,026
1
2
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3
Includes weekly average for public roads.
4
Under the jurisdiction of the Public Roads Administration.
6
Not available: weekly average included in total for all projects.
6
Includes data for 1 employee engaged in naval vessel construction.
7
Includes data for workers engaged in construction of underground tunnel who, because of the additional
risk involved, were paid at rates higher than those usually paid for building construction.
UNITED STATES HOUSING AUTHORITY
Table 10 shows data concerning employment, pay rolls, and manhours worked in April 1940 on low-rent projects of the United States
Housing Authority.
TABLE 10.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Low-Rent Housing Projects Operated by the
United States Housing Authority, April 1940
[Subject to revision]
Employment
Geographic division
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number
of manhours
worked
during
month
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Maximum
number
employed 1
Weekly
average
Nine divisions _.
38,881
33,246
$3,834,716
4,137,950
$0.927
$8,150,898
New England
Middle Atlantic
East North CentralWest North Central.
South AtlanticEast South Central._
West South CentralPacific.
,
_
. ._.
Outside continental United States..
2,154
7,926
3,162
205
11,331
1,725
6,729
2,753
158
9,698
249,107
1,028,763
369,183
11, 309
918,022
219,686
812,087
312,327
15,062
1,198,257
1.134
1.267
1.182
.751
.766
477,078
1,997,069
950,918
66,487
2,404,699
7,021
4,832
927
1,323
6,155
4,125
745
1,158
636,892
478,914
85,977
56, 549
762, 270
566, 631
85, 234
166,396
.836
.845
1,009
.340
1, 215, 475
785,426
153, 791
99,955
1
Maximum employed during any 1 week of the month.
26
WORK PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM
A record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
projects financed by the Work Projects Administration in April is
shown in table 11, by type of project.
TABLE 11.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Work Projects
Administration, April 1940
[Subject to revision]
Wage earners
Type of project
Maximum Weekly
number
employed average
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
Number
of manhours
worked
during
month
Average
earnings
per
hour
Value of
material
orders
placed
during
month
Federal agency projects
All projects
Airport construction (exclusive of
buildings)
B uilding construction
Electrification.
__.
Forestry
Grade crossing elimination 2..
Hydroelectric power plants 3
Plant, crop, and livestock conservation
Professional, technical, and clerical...
Public roads 2
Reclamation..
River, harbor, and flood control Streets and roads
Water and sewerage
Miscellaneous
„
1
99,484
96,301
6,650
41,673
112
11,348
144
6,622
39,980
82
11,300
121
11, 516, 724
$0.409
$621, 784
116,861
2,079, 783
3,751
507,039
6,964
454, 730
4,861, 511
9,493
1, 296,790
15,797
.257
.428
.395
.391
.441
15,938
241,607
8,893
70, 707
4,477
$4,704,767
1,239
1,208
49,277
206,404
.239
7,362
7,798
5,299
462
15,525
7,651
4,858
390
15, 239
434,957
353,549
32,451
759,508
962,378
592,691
48,060
1,977, 644
.452
.597
.675
.384
70,865
16,184
29,023
85,772
538
2,022
603
6,071
496
1,884
562
5,908
31,808
88,698
19,255
220,866
63,416
225,717
68,042
734,051
.502
.393
.283
.301
10,403
12,108
7,313
41,132
Projects operated by Work Projects Administration 4
All projects..
2,010,598
$116,145,146 264,738,186
0.439
1 Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor and Government
agency doing force-account work.
2
These data are for projects under the jurisdiction of the Public Roads Administration.
3
These data are for projects under construction in Puerto Rico.
4
Data are for the calendar month. Will be published by type of project in May pamphlet.
5
Represents number of names on pay roll as of Apr. 24,1940.
6
Data on a monthly basis are not available.
A record of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
projects operated by the Work Projects Administration in March
is shown in table 12, by type of project.
27
TABLE 12.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Operated by the Work Projects
Administration, by Type of Project, March 1940
[Subject to revision]
Type of project
All projects
___
Number
employed
1
Pay-roll
disbursements
Number of
man-hours
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
2,212,239
$120,684,852
279,097,637
$0.432
Conservation
Highway, road, and street
. .
Professional, technical, and clerical
Public buildingsPublicly owned or operated utilities
85,676
963,134
359,107
156, 224
235,216
4,533,960
47,832,491
23,142,196
9,372,499
13,125, 310
10,499,048
121,678,972
46, 274, 669
19,363,676
29,059,643
.432
.393
.500
.484
.452
Recreational facil ities
Sanitation and health
Sewing, canning, and gardening, etc.—.
Transportation
Not elsewhere classified
117,566
36,113
183,001
22, 757
53,445
6,821, 541
1,920,978
8,766,674
1,391,882
3,777,321
14,592,751
4,820, 611
22,906,064
2,834,903
7,067, 300
.467
.398
.383
.491
.534
1
Data are as of Mar. 27,1940.
NATIONAL YOUTH ADMINISTRATION
Employment and pay rolls on the National Youth Administration
projects for April and March 1940 are shown in table 13.
TABLE 13.—Employment and Pay Rolls on National Youth Administration Projects,
April and March 1940
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees
Amount of pay rolls
Type of project
April
March
April
March
Total,
804,084
809,767
$9,309,006
$9, 538,283
Student work program
Out-of-school work program..
481,809
322,275
473,485
336,282
3,375,847
5,933,159
3,273,980
6, 264,303
CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS
Employment and pay rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps in
April and March 1940 are presented in table 14.
TABLE 14.—Employment and Pay Rolls in the Civilian Conservation Corps, April and
March 1940 *
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees
Amount of pay rolls
Group
April
March
April
March
All groups _
314,400
306,019
$14,023,330
$13,714,184
E nrolled personnel 2 Nurses 3
E ducational advisers 3
Supervisory and technical 3_
277,810
235
1,597
34, 758
269,533
243
1,595
34, 648
8,644,958
32,281
265,285
5,080,806
8,381,249
32,864
267,155
5,032,916
1 Employment figure is monthly average for enrolled personnel, and number employed on last day of
month for other groups.
2
April data include 4,085 enrollees and pay roll of $89,665 outside continental United States; in March the
corresponding figures were 4,173 enrollees and pay roll of $90,578.
s Included in executive service, table 9.
28
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED BY RECONSTRUCTION
FINANCE CORPORATION
Statistics of employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
in April are presented in table 15, by type of project.
TABLE 15.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Projects Financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation, by Type of Project, April 1940 1
[Subject to revision]
Number of
manhours
worked
during
month
Value of
material
orders
placed during month
Maximum
number of
wage-earners 2
Monthly
pay-roll
disbursements
All projects-
2,051
$248,607
243,251
$1.022
$269,145
Building construction 3_.
Stree ts and roads
Water and sewerage.
1,835
26
190
216,090
2,192
30,325
207,455
2,430
33,366
1,042
.902
.909
208,026
1,587
59, 532
Type of project
Average
earnings
per hour
1
2
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor.
* Includes 897 employees; pay-roll disbursements of $133,999; 116,205 man-hours worked; and material
orders placed of $78,291 on projects financed by RFC Mortgage Co.
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS FINANCED FROM REGULAR
FEDERAL APPROPRIATIONS
Data concerning employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed from regular Federal appropriations
during April are given in table 16, by type of project.
TABLE 16.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction Projects Financed From Regular
Federal Appropriations, by Type of Project, April 1940 *
[Subject to revision]
Number of wage
earners
Type of project
All projects.
Building Construction..
Electrification:
Rural Electrification Administration projects 4
_
Other than R. E. A. projects.. ._
Forestry
Heavy engineering..
Public roads 6 Reclamation
_._
River, harbor, and flood control:
Dredging, dikes, revetments, etc..
Locks and dams _
Ship construction:
Naval vessels
Other than naval vessels..
Streets and roads
Water and sewerage.
Miscellaneous
..
. _ _
Maximum 2 Weekly
number
employed average
3 248,824
Value of
Monthly Number of Average material
pay-roll man-hours earnings orders
worked
placed
disburseper hour during
during
ments
month
month
233,851 $26,975,937 34,505,329
$0.782 $46,041,235
23,760
19,597
2,120,360
2,265,702
.936
4,867,377
9,350
264
25
139
(6)
22,889
7,653
222
25
131
58, 534
22,008
509,074
14,583
1,410
25,911
4, 765,181
3,147,966
954,550
23,254
3,020
21, 244
7, 779, 984
3,405,693
.533
.627
.467
1.220
.612
.924
2,157,578
16,856
700
119
5,048,497
5,048,051
23,350
6,542
20,487
5,895
2,156,133
820,600
3,416,505
1,019,873
.631
.805
.897
.814
.646
.729
.561
2,381,946
588,764
20,945,141
69,714
67,645 10, 289,995 11,467,684
3,573,901
22,305 20, 241 2,465,407 3,028,767
202,822
2,461
192,835
2,283
298,293
72,884
322
281
27,495
37,714
1,136,599
9,169
8,849
438,987
783,046
1
Data are for the month ending on the 15th.
2
Maximum number employed during any 1 week of the month by each contractor, and Government
agency doing force-account work.
3
Includes weekly average for public-road projects.
4
Financed by Rural Electrification Administration loans.
8
Under the jurisdiction of the Public Roads Administration.
6
Not available, weekly average included in the total for all projects.
29
STATE-ROADS PROJECTS
A record of employment and pay-roll disbursements on the construction and maintenance of roads financed wholly from State or
local funds in April 1940, compared with March 1940, and April 1939,
is presented in table 17.
TABLE 17.—Employment and Pay Rolls on Construction and Maintenance of State Roads
April 1940, March 1940, and April 1939 l
[Subject to revision]
Number of employees 2
Pay-roll disbursements
Item
April
1940
March
1940
April
1939
Total.
144,349
126,934
122,006 $10,877,469
$9, 728, 964
$9,166,320
New roads
Maintenance.
32,911
111, 438
22,625
104,309
12,877
109,129
2,083,721
8,793,748
1,596,484
8,132,480
878,390
8,287,930
1
Projects financed wholly from State or local funds.
month; April 1939 for the month ending on the 15th.
2
Average number working during month.
O
April
1940
March
1940
April
1939
AprilXandlMarchfc1940 data are for the calendar
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