Full text of Employment and Payrolls : April 1934
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Serial No. R. 114
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
FRANCES PERKINS, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
ISADOR LUBIN, Commissioner
TREND OF EMPLOYMENT
APRIL 1934
By Industries:
Pa*e
Manufacturing Industries......................................... 1-15
Nonmanufacturing Industries.................................... 15-19
Anthracite and Bituminous Coal Mining
Metalliferous Mining
Quarrying and Nonmetallic Mining
Crude Petroleum Producing
Public Utilities:
Telephone and Telegraph
Power and Light
Electric Railroads
Wholesale and Retail Trade
Hotels
Laundries
Dyeing and Cleaning
Banks, Brokerage, Insurance, and Real Estate
Building C o n stru ctio n ............................................. 20-23
Federal S ervice...........................................................32-35
Class I Steam Railroads.............................................35
Public Works P r o je c t s .................................... .... . 40-47
Public R oads................................................................47-48
Construction Projects Financed by the R.F.C. . • • 48-50
By States............................................................................ 24-31
By C ities............................................................................ 32
Average Hours and Average Hourly Earnings . . . .
6-9
Wage Changes................................................................... 36-39
Prepared by Division of Employment Statistics
LEWIS E. TALBERT, Chief
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
W ASHINGTON : 1934
TREND OF EMPLOYMENT
April 1934
HE Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States Department
of Labor presents herewith data compiled from pay-roll reports
supplied by representative establishments in 90 of the principal
manufacturing industries of the country and 15 nonmanufacturing
industries, covering the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the
month. Additional information is presented concerning employment
on public-works projects, public roads, the Federal service, and class I
steam railroads.
Manufacturing Industries
T
FURTHER expansion in factory employment and pay roll was
recorded in April, employment increasing 1.9 percent between
March 15 and April 15 and pay rolls increasing 3.9 percent. April
marks the third month in which factory employment and pay rolls
have expanded. These increases in April 1934 are particularly
significant, as gains in factory employment between March and April
have occurred in only four of the preceding j^ears for which data are
available, while increases in pay roll have occurred in only three
instances. The percentage gain in employment in April 1934 is
identical with the increase reported in April of last year, at which
time recovery was due largely to a resumption of more regular
operations following the bank holiday in March; the gains in employ
ment in April in the remaining years in which increases were reported
(1919, 1923, and 1929) w~ere smaller.
These gains brought the Bureau of Labor Statistics index of factory
employment in April 1934 (82.3) to the level reached in December
1930 and the index of factory pay roll in April 1934 (67.3) to the
highest point recorded since June 1931.
A comparison of the April 1934 indexes with those of March 1933
(58.8 in employment and 37.1 in pay roll) in which month the low
points of both employment and pay roll were recorded, shows increases’
of 40 percent in employment and 81.4 percent in pay roll over the
13-month interval.
The base used in computing these index numbers of employment
and pay roll is the average for the 3-year period 1923-25 taken as
100. Prior to March 1934, the indexes of factory employment and
A
d >
2
pay roll published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics were based on
the 12-month average of 1926 and were not adjusted to conform to
biennial census trends. A short discussion of this revision appeared
in the March 1934 Trend of Employment pamphlet and a more
complete bulletin on this subject is being prepared for publication.
The April 1934 group and general indexes of factory employment and
pay rolls on the 1926 base are shown in this pamphlet under the
heading “ Index numbers of employment and pay-roll totals in
manufacturing industries.”
The indexes of factory employment and pay roll are computed from
returns supplied by representative establishments in 90 important
manufacturing industries of the country. Reports were received in
April from 20,884 establishments employing 3,650,627 workers, whose
weekly earnings were $72,883,035 during the pay period ending
nearest April 15. The employment reports received from these
cooperating establishments cover more than 50 percent of the total
wage earners in all manufacturing industries of the country.
The gains in factory employment were widely spread, 66 of the 90
manufacturing industries surveyed reporting increased employment
and 69 industries reporting increased pay rolls. Twelve of the 14
groups into which these 90 manufacturing industries are classified
reported increases in employment and pay rolls from March to April.
The two groups which failed to show gains in employment were the
l e a t h e r and t e x t i l e groups in which seasonal declines regularly
occur in April. The t r a n s p o r t a t i o n and s t o n e - c l a y - g l a s s p r o d
u c t s groups reported gains in employment of 6.1 percent each between
March and April. In the t r a n s p o r t a t i o n group increases in em
ployment were reported in each of the 5 industries surveyed, the
aircraft industry reporting the most pronounced increase, 18.3 per
cent. The locomotive and electric-and-steam-car-building indus
tries, reflecting activitity which was partially due to allotment of
P.W.A. funds, reported increases of 11.3 percent and 7.6 percent,
respectively, and the automobile and shipbuilding industries reported
gains of 6 percent and 3.5 percent, respectively. In the s t o n e - c l a y g l a s s group, each of the 5 industries surveyed reported gains in em
ployment, the most pronounced gain being 13.5 percent in the brick,
tile, and terra cotta industry and 13.3 percent in the cement industry.
The m a c h i n e r y group reported a gain of 4.6 percent in employment.
The agricultural implement industry reported the greatest percentage
increase in this group over the month interval, 14.8 percent, which
continues the unbroken expansion reported in this industry each
month since June 1933. Other major industries in the groups in
which substantial gains were reported were: foundries and machine
shops (4.8 percent) and electrical machinery (3.1 percent). The rail
road repair shop group showed a gain of 4.1 percent in employment
3
from March to April, the steam-railroad repair shop industry showing
a gain of 4.7 percent and the electric-railroad repair shop industry
increasing 0.1 percent. The i r o n a n d s t e e l group reported a g&ini
of 3.7 percent in employment over the month interval. The largest ,
percentage gain shown in the i r o n a n d s t e e l group was in the stove^
industry (8.7 percent), while other substantial percentage gains wer&j
shown in hardware (5.8 percent), wirework (4.7 percent), and bolts,
nuts, washers, and rivets (4.6 percent). The blast furnace, steel
works, and rolling mill industry (which has previously been called
the iron and steel industry) showed a gain of 3.9 percent in employ
ment coupled with a gain of 13.8 percent in pay rolls. The pro
nounced percentage gain in pay rolls is due, to a large extent, to the
general wage-rate increases in this industry between March 15 and
April 15. The r u b b e r p r o d u c t s group showed an increase of 3.3
percent from March to April, the rubber tire and tube industry
reporting the most pronounced gain, 5.2 percent. The increases
in the n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s and the l u m b e r p r o d u c t s groups
were 2.4 percent and 1.9 percent, respectively. In the last-named
group, the sawmill industry reported an increase of 5.3 percent and
the millwork industry a gain of 4.9 percent. Each of the industries in
the p a p e r a n d p r i n t i n g group reported increased employment from
March to April, resulting in a net increase of 1.5 percent in that group.
In the remaining groups reporting increased employment, the increases
were as follows: f o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s , 1 percent; t o b a c c o
p r o d u c t s , 0.5 percent; and c h e m i c a l s , 0.4 percent.
The gains in factory employment and pay rolls over the month
interval were confined almost entirely to the durable goods group of
industries. The Bureau’s classification of “ durable” goods industries
includes the i r o n a n d s t e e l , m a c h i n e r y , n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s , t r a n s
p o r t a t io n
e q u ip m e n t ,
r a il r o a d
r e p a ir
sh o ps,
lum ber,
and
s t o n e - c l a y - g l a s s groups.
The totals of these groups showed an
increase of 4.2 percent in employment from March to April and
a gain of 8.6 percent in pay rolls, while the totals of the remaining'
groups of manufacturing industries, which are classed as “ non
durable” , showed a gain of only 0.2 percent in employment coupled
with a decline in pay rolls of 0.1 percent.
The level of employment and pay rolls in the “ durable” goods,
group in recent years has been considerably below the level of the*
“ nondurable” goods group. A comparison of employment and pay
rolls in these two groups in 1929 with April 1934 shows a decline
of 32.5 percent in employment and 47.2 percent in pay rolls in the
“ durable” goods group while employment in the “ nondurable” goods
group shows a drop of 10 percent in employment and 27.1 percent
in pay rolls. The marked gains in employment and pay rolls in
the “ durable” goods group between March and April 1934 were
4
due to some extent to employment created by orders placed through
P.W.A. allotments. Employment in the “ durable” goods group in
April 1934 was 57.6 percent above the level of April 1933 and pay
rolls were 115.7 percent higher. In the “ nondurable” goods group
of manufacturing industries, a similar comparison shows an increase
of 24.9 percent in employment and an increase of 47.1 percent in
pay rolls.
Comparing the level of employment in the separate industries in
April 1934 with April of the preceding year, all but 2 of the 90 manu
facturing industries show more workers employed in April 1934 than
in April 1933, and every industry shows gains in pay rolls. Six
industries (machine tools, locomotives, automobiles, agricultural
implements, typewriters, radios, and phonographs) show gains of
over 100 percent in employment over the year interval and 23 indus
tries show gains in the number of workers on the pay rolls ranging
from 50.9 percent to 94.2 percent. In practically all instances, the
increases in pay rolls from April 1933 to April 1934 were more pro
nounced than the gains in employment. In 5 industries, agricul
tural implements, machine tools, typewriters and supplies, iron and
steel forgings, and automobiles, the gains in pay roll over the year
interval were more than 200 percent.
Per capita weekly earnings for all manufacturing industries com
bined increased 2 percent between March and April, and 26.2 percent
over the year interval. Gains in per capita weekly earnings in April
1934 as compared with March 1934 were shown in 60 industries.
The per capita earnings shown in the following table must not be
confused with full-time weekly rates of wages. They are per capita
weekly earnings, computed by dividing the total amount of pay roll
for the week by the total number of employees (part-time as well as
full-time workers).
Man-hour data supplied by identical establishments in March and
April 1934 showed no change in average hours worked per week over
the month interval and an increase in average hourly earnings of 1.9
percent. Fifty-one industries showed increases in average hours
worked in April as compared with March and sixty-six industries
reported increased hourly earnings. As all reporting establishments
do not furnish man-hour information, the Bureau’s figures on average
hours worked per week and average hourly earnings are necessarily
computed from data furnished by a smaller number of establishments
than are covered in the monthly survey of manufacturing industries.
Average hours worked per week and average hourly earnings are
presented for only those manufacturing industries in which informa
tion covering at least 20 percent of the total employees in the industry
are available.
5
In table 1, which follows, are shown indexes of employment and pay
roll in April 1934 for each of the 90 manufacturing industries surveyed,
for the 14 major groups and 2 subgroups into which these industries
are classified, and for manufacturing as a whole, together with per
centages of change from March 1934 and April 1933. Per capita
weekly earnings in April 1934 together with percentages of change
from the previous month and from April of the previous year for each
of the 90 manufacturing industries and for manufacturing as a whole
are also presented in this table. Average hours worked per week in
April 1934 and average hourly earnings together with percentages of
change from March 1934 and April 1933 are likewise presented for
manufacturing as a whole and for those industries in which man-hour
data covering at least 20 percent of the total employees in the industry
were received.
T
able
1 — EM PLOYM ENT,
W E E K L Y P A Y R O L L S , P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S W O R K E D P E R W E E K , A N D A V E R A G E
H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN M AN U FAC TU R IN G IN D U ST R IE S IN A P R IL 1934 A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H M A R C H 1934 A N D A P R IL 1933
Industry
A ll I ndustries .................................. ...................
Iron and steel and their products, not in
cluding machinery ______________
______
Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling m ills..
Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets______________
Cast-iron pipe----------------------------------------------Cutlery (not including silver and plated cut
lery), and edge tools__________________
Forgings, iron and steel_____ __________ _____
Hardware______ ___________________________
Plumbers’ supplies__________________________
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus and
steam fittings--------------------- ----------------Stoves-----------------------------------------------------------Structural and ornamental metalwork----------T in cans and other tinware________ _______
Tools (not including edge tools, machine tools,
files, and saws)_____ ____ _________________
W irework------- ----- ------------- ---------- ------------Machinery, n o t including transportation
equipm ent
____
_ ____________
Agricultural implements____________________
Cash registers, adding machines, and calculat
ing machines__________________ _____ _____
Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.
Engines, turbines, tractors, and water wheels.
Foundry and machine-shop products------------Machine to o ls .__ _______ ____ ______________
Radios and phonographs____ _______________
Textile machinery and parts.................... ..........
Typewriters and parts......... ...............................
Percentage
Index
change
April
from—
1934
(3-year
average
April
1923-25 March
1934
1933
= 100)
Per capita weekly
earnings 1
Pay roll
Employment
Percentage
Index
change
April
from—
1934
(3-year
average
April
1923-25 March
1934
1933
= 100)
Aver
age in
April
1934
82.3
+ 1.9
+37.4.
67.3
+ 3.9
+73.5
$19.96
72.6
72.9
83.8
51.5
+ 3.7
+ 3.9
+ 4.6
+ 2.3
+50.9
+54.4
+45.0
+62.5
56.8
59.4
64.7
28.0
+10.7
+13.8
+ 8.8
+ 7 .4
+130.9
+162:8
+137£9
+84:2
22.19
19.97
14. 52
81.9
59.2
85.3
54.7
+ 2.4
- 4 .3
+ 5.8
- 4 .5
+47.6
+89. 7
+72.0
+20. 2
59.4
47.0
70.3
30.3
+ 3.8
- 2 .2
+ 8 .8
+ .7
+90. 4
+215.4
+162.3
+37.7
45.8
90.9
56.0
88.2
+0)
+ 8.7
+ 3.8
+ 3.3
+ 8.5
+73.1
+36.6
+25.1
28.3
63.8
37.6
84.2
+ 2 .2
+11.9
+ 7 .2
+ 5 .6
63.0
131.4
+ 1.1
+ 4.7
+58.7
+55.5
52.9
110.6
80.3
87.2
+ 4.6
+14.8
+68.3
+127. 7
102.0
63.7
69.3
71.6
70.8
200.2
75.0
102.6
+ 2.5
+3.1
+ 5.4
+ 4.8
-.2
+6.7
- 1 .0
+ 5.0
+50.9
-4-44.8
+88.3
+65 0
+133. 7
+103. 0
+69.3
+105. 2
Percentage
change
from—
March
1934
April
1933
Average hours worked
per week 1
A ver
age in
April
1934
Percentage
change
from—
Average hourly earn
ings 1
Aver
age in
April
1934
Percentage
change
from—
March
1934
April
1933
(3)
- 2 .1
Cents
2 54.1
+ 1.9
+27.3
March
1934
April
1933
2 + 2 .0 2 +26.2
2 36.2
+ 9 .5
+ 4.1
+ 5 .0
+70.4
+63.4
+13.8
35.4
37.2
29.7
+ 3 .5
+ 2 .2
+ 3 .5
+22.8
+37.7
+20.8
63.4
53.6
49.0
+ 6.9
+ 2 .9
+ 2 .7
+41.3
+23.6
- 2 .8
19. 51
22.04
19.44
16. 41
+ 1 .4
+ 2 .2
+ 2 .7
+ 5 .5
+28.6
+67.5
+52.4
+14.8
37.9
37.6
36.3
32.0
+ .3
-.8
-.5
+ 6 .3
+ 8 .5
+40.6
+22.8
+ .6
51.3
58.7
54.1
50.7
+ .8
+ 3 .0
+ 3 .2
-.6
+17.4
+20.8
+21.1
+13.1
+42. 2
+108.5
+87.1
+38.7
20.16
19.07
18.80
19.79
+ 2 .2
+ 3 .0
+ 3 .2
+ 2 .2
+30.8
+20.7
+37.3
+10.6
34.5
36.2
33.0
36.9
-.6
+. 8
+ 2 .2
+ 1 .9
+ 6.1
+ 8 .8
+ 8 .6
- 8 .4
58.5
51.7
56.4
53.6
+ 3.4
+ 1 .4
+ 1 .6
+ 1 .3
+17.0
+13.1
+23.4
+13.0
+• 6
+11.1
+133.0
+106.0
19.04
19. 75
-.5
+ 6.1
+47.1
+32.4
36.7
35.4
- 1 .1
+ 2 .6
+21.5
+15.1
51.8
58.1
+ .8
+ 4 .9
+24.7
+36.2
60.5
93.6
+ 8.4
+19.6
+125.7
+23t. 9
20. 70
+ 4.1
+45.6
38.3
+ .8
+29.1
54.2
+ 3 .2
+ 15.3
76.7
47.8
44.8
54.4
57.7
108.9
60.9
84.1
+ 5 .3
+ 9.1
+ 8.5
+ 8 .9
+• 4
+ 7 .3
- 1 .1
+67.8
+80.4
+124.0
+141; 8
+22718
+89.7
+128:9
+224: 7
24.48
20.86
22. 56
21.08
23.89
17.49
21.06
20. 57
+ 2 .7
+ 5 .8
+ 2 .9
+ 3 .9
+ .6
+ .5
-.2
+11.0
+24.2
+18.9
+47.0
+40.6
- 6 .8
+35. 5
+58.6
38.1
34.1
37.3
36.8
40.0
34.4
37.1
39.4
+ 2 .4
+ 1 .2
+1. 4
+ 2 .2
(3)
+ 3 .9
- 1 .1
+ 6 .8
+14. S
+13.2
+31.8
+29.9
-1 4 .1
+33.5
64.7
59.7
60.4
57.5
59.6
51.5
59.0
+• 2
+ 3 .5
+ 1 .5
+ 1.8
+ .5
+ .6
+ .3
- 2 .5
+ 3 1 .5
52.2
+ 1 .2
+ 5.5
+10.3
+ 7.3
+14.4
+ 9 .2
+34.3
+13.6
+19,0
+ 3 .5
-1 .5
Transportation equipm ent--------------------- ------Aircraft___________________ _________________
Automobiles________________________________
Cars, electric- and steam-railroad................ . . .
Locomotives________________________________
Shipbuilding____ _________ _________________
Railroad repair shops_________________________
Electric railroad_____________________________
Steam railroad______________________________
Nonferrous metals and their products______
Aluminum manufactures____________________
Brass, bronze, and copper products__________
Clocks and watches and time-recording devices
Jewelry_____________________________________
Lighting equipment_________________________
Silverware and plated ware__________________
Smelting and refining—copper, lead, and zinc.
Stamped and enameled ware________________
Lumber and allied products__________________
F urnitu re.._____ ___________________________
Lumber:
M illwork______________________ _________
Sawmills__________________________ ___
Turpentine and rosin________________________
Stone, d ay, and glass products_______________
Brick, tile, and terra cotta___________________
Cement_____________________________________
Glass________________________________________
Marble, granite, slate, and other products____
Pottery_____________________________________
Textiles and their products___________________
Fabrics._____________________________________
Carpets and rugs________________________
Cotton good s.___________________________
Cotton small wares______________________
Dyeing and finishing textiles____________
Hats, fur-felt____________________________
Knit goods______________________________
Silk and rayon goods____________________
W oolen and worsted goods_______________
Wearing apparel_____________________________
Clothing, men’s _________________________
Clothing, women’s______________________
Corsets and allied garments_____________
M en’s furnishings_______________________
Millinery------------------------------------------------Shirts and collars________________________
Leather and its m anufactures____ __________
Boots and shoes_____________________________
Leather___________________________ _________
Footnotes at end of table.
99.1
395.8
114.9
43.9
25.3
71.7
57.8
66.3
57.2
76.9
82.2
79.1
70.4
66.4
65.4
72.7
62.8
94.0
49.4
60.8
+6.1
+18.3
+ 6.0
+ 7.6
+11.3
+ 3.5
+ 4.1
+• 1
+ 4.7
+2.4
+. 8
+ 1 .2
+ 4 .0
+ 1.9
+ 1.5
+ 4.7
- 2 .2
+ 7.4
+ 1.9
- 3 .4
+118.8
+48.0
+129.3
+94.2
+130.0
+61.5
+20.2
-.5
+22.2
+48.2
+31.9
+54.2
+72.5
+37.8
+54.6
+46.0
+48.8
+40.1
+41.1
+23.8
92.2
331.9
507.4
43.0
10.9
53.9
53.0
59.2
52.7
58.9
67.0
59.8
56.1
49.6
52.3
51.2
38.7
80.8
33.3
40.3
+9.1
+15.2
+ 9 .4
+ 8 .5
+19.3
+ 2 .9
+ 9 .3
+ 1 .0
+ 9 .9
+ 3.7
+ 4 .4
+ 6 .2
+ 6 .0
+ 1 .5
+ 2 .0
+ 1 .7
- 3 .0
+ 6 .6
+ 4 .4
- 1 .9
+189.0
+29.0
+213.1
+132. 4
+179. 5
+79.1
+46.4
+ 9.6
+50.6
+93.1
+67.9
+113.6
+184.8
+58.0
+81.6
+84.2
+66.8
+93.8
+87.1
+65.2
39.4
34.3
101.2
55.3
30.5
48.0
95.9
32.3
73.9
99.1
96.8
70.2
103.3
93.1
116.4
85.2
114.5
78.4
74.9
100.0
88.0
132.2
96.7
112.9
83.3
108.3
92.3
92.2
93.2
+ 4.9
+ 5.3
- .2
+6.1
+13.5
+13.3
+ 2.1
+ 9 .0
+ 3 .0
- .9
- 1 .6
- 3 .3
+ .2
-.8
-.7
+. 3
+ 1 .9
- 7 .5
- 8 .9
+ .6
- .8
+ 1.3
+ 1.7
+ 2.5
- 3 .5
+ 3.1
-.4
+ (0
- 2 .0
+34.0
+53.8
+59.4
+44.0
+41.9
+24.0
+60.1
+17.5
+40.0
+26.6
+34.3
+55.3
+43.1
+39.2
+31.8
+17.5
+23.0
+24.8
+31.4
+11.7
+17.0
+ 7.2
+ 7.4
+17.5
- 3 .5
+19.1
+17.9
+13.0
+40.4
24.6
22.5
53.7
38.8
16.4
30.6
80.8
21.5
50.0
79.8
79.3
54.7
85.9
78.7
94.8
70.7
108.9
63.3
55.4
76.1
61.4
98.6
93.8
80.1
76.9
97.9
83.1
81.8
81.9
+ 6 .1
+ 9 .0
+16.2
+11.8
+19.5
+27.0
+ 8 .3
+13.9
+ 6 .0
- 3 .4
- 1 .9
-.6
+ 1 .2
- 2 .0
- 3 .5
-1 1 .3
+ 1 .7
-7 .4
- 8 .9
- 6 .5
- 6 .9
-9 .0
+ 2 .9
+. 2
- 8 .9
+ 2 .8
- 2 .7
- 2 .8
- 2 .4
+60.8
+ 120. 6
+103.4
+79.6
+102. 5
+65.4
+87.0
+41.4
+78.6
+62.9
+77.4
+118.8
+ 101. 2
+77.3
+40.4
+42.5
+67.3
+76.3
+64.9
+40.1
+66.8
+26.1
+38.8
+56.1
+ 5.1
+71.8
+58.5
+54.6
+72.4
24.25
26.33
20. 56
21.13
21.84
- 2 .6
+ 3 .2
+• 8
+ 7 .2
-.5
+12.8
+36.8
+20. 3
+21.0
+11.1
38.6
38.0
35.5
35.4
31.2
+ .8
- 4 .0
+ 1.1
+ 5 .7
+ 1.3
-2 7 .8
+ 8.9
+14.0
- 4 .6
- 1 .8
63.3
69. i
58.3
59.8
69.5
- 5 .8
+ 7.3
-.5
+ 1 .5
- 1 .0
+ 5.8
+26.6
+ 4.5
+13. 0
+17.4
26. 87
25. 61
+ .9
+ 5 .0
+10.3
+22.8
45.2
41.1
+ .9
+ 5.4
+ 6 .9
+19.0
58.8
61.7
+ .3
(3)
+ 3 .6
+ 1 .0
19. 55
20.97
18.05
18. 27
18.46
19.46
19.95
18.09
+ 3 .5
+ 4 .9
+ 1 .9
-.4
+. 5
- 2 .8
-.8
-.8
+27.2
+38. 5
+64.2
+15.1
+17.9
+26.2
+12.4
+38.3
36.2
37.4
39.6
35.3
36.9
37.1
38.3
37.7
+ 3.1
+ .3
+ 1.5
-.3
-.3
- 3 .1
-.5
- 1 .3
- 2 .8
+22.4
+47.2
+ 8 .2
+10.8
+18.2
- 3 .0
+18.9
52.0
56.0
45.5
49.4
51.3
53.5
51.7
48.2
+ 1 .0
+ 4.7
+• 2
+ .2
+ .6
+ 1 .7
-.4
-.2
+22.9
+17.6
+11.5
+ 7 .6
+ 2.1
+20.3
+16.7
+20.1
15.29
+ 1 .5
+32.9
34.6
(3)
+ 5 .7
43.8
+ 2.1
+27.4
14.99
14. 55
12.44
+ 1.1
+ 3 .6
+16.4
+19.9
+44.1
+27.9
34.8
34.7
-.9
+ 1.5
- 9 .0
- 3 .8
42.9
43.0
+ 1 .4
+ 1 .2
+29.6
+51.8
14.16
19. 80
19.84
21.12
17.60
+ 5 .2
+12.1
+ 6.1
+ 4 .5
+ 2 .9
+41.1
+33.3
+17.1
+20.3
+27.6
32.8
35.3
34.7
31.6
36.1
+ 6 .5
+ 7 .6
-.6
+ .6
+ 3 .4
+ 5 .1
+ 3 .6
(3)
- 1 .7
-.7
42.0
55.5
57.3
66.5
49.4
- 0 .2
+ 3 .7
+ 6 .7
+ 4 .4
+ 1 .0
+29.0
+33.3
+22.2
+29.1
+24.6
17.99
13. 41
16. 38
18. 33
18.19
16.02
15.12
17.06
+ 2 .9
+ .9
- 1 .3
- 2 .8
-1 1 .7
-.2
+. 1
(3)
+40.5
+40.0
+26.9
+ 6 .6
+20.9
+36.1
+41.3
+24.7
33.7
35.6
37.0
34.7
26.0
36.0
33.9
34.5
- 4 .8
+ .3
- 1 .9
- 4 .9
-1 6 .4
+. 8
- 2 .6
-.3
+• 4
-2 0 .5
-2 .5
-2 4 .9
-2 2 .0
- 9 .6
-1 0 .3
-1 4 .5
53.6
37.5
45.5
52.1
68.2
45.1
44.1
49.1
+ 4 .1
+ .3
+ 1 .1
+ 1 .0
-.9
-.2
+ 3 .0
+ .2
+36.9
+74.1
+37.7
+38.4
+62.6
+49.6
+49.0
+16.2
16. 38
18.99
16. 74
13. 81
20. 84
13.28
- 6 .1
-1 0 .2
+ 1 .3
-2 .2
- 5 .6
-.2
+42.8
+18.0
+29.1
+32.8
+ 8 .9
+44.3
30.5
-6 .4
-1 3 .0
52.3
-.2
+58.4
36.1
35.2
+ 1.1
- 1 .7
- 2 .0
+14.5
46.5
37.9
+. 4
+ 2 .2
+32.1
+36.6
18. 27
20. 21
- 2 .9
-.4
+36.7
+23.1
35.9
37.2
-5 .0
-.8
-1 8 .3
- 6 .1
46.3
52.1
+ 3.1
+ .4
+62.2
+36.6
T
1 . — E M P L O Y M E N T , W E E K L Y P A Y R O LLS, P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H OU RS W O R K E D P E R W E E K , A N D A V E R A G E
H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U ST R IE S IN A P R IL 1934 A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H M A R C H 1934 A N D A P R IL 1933—Continued
able
Employment
Industry
Percentage
Index
change
April
from—
1934
(3-year
average
1923-25 March
April
= 100)
1934
1933
Per capita weekly
earnings 1
Pay roll
Percentage
Index
change
April
from—
1934
(3-year
average
1923-25 March
April
1934
= 100)
1933
Aver
age in
April
1934
Percentage
change
from—
Average hours worked
per week 1
Aver
age in
April
1934
Percentage
change
from—
Average hourly earn
in g s1
Aver
age in
April
1934
Percentage
change
from —
March
1934
April
1933
$21.46
28.89
20.88
12. 52
15.06
20.47
24.86
20.83
24. 20
21.84
- 1 .3
+ 3 .0
+ 2.8
- 2 .6
- 2 .4
+ 1 .9
+ 1.1
+ .6
-1 .0
+ 7 .8
+ 2 .4
- 2 .5
+ 2 .2
+35.6
+21.6
+• 1
+ 3 .6
+ 7 .0
+ 6.7
- 9 .1
41.5
38.8
-.2
+ .5
- 9 .0
-1 8 .9
51.4
74.4
- 1 .3
+ 1 .6
+12.6
+21.9
31.1
36.0
38.1
43.4
39.1
39.5
38.0
- 8 .0
- 2 .4
- 1 .6
+ 3 .8
+ 1 .0
+• 3
+ 7 .6
-1 0 .9
+ 1 .7
-2 3 .0
-1 5 .6
-1 4 .2
-1 7 .9
-2 0 .2
38.7
41.3
52.8
57.1
53.0
67.3
55.6
+ 1 .6
-.2
+ 2.3
- 1 .9
(3)
+ 3.1
+ 1 .8
+13.7
+27 6
+31.1
+12.2
+25.1
+41.9
+12.5
13. 03
12. 57
- 6 .1
+ 1 .4
+ 4.1
+12.8
33.8
32.8
- 6 .9
+ .9
-1 1 .6
- 5 .2
38.0
38.7
+ 1 .9
+ 1 .8
+15.9
+18.3
18.44
18.84
-.5
+ 1 .2
+15.8
+13.9
37.1
37.1
-.5
+ .5
- 4 .5
- 6 .0
49.8
50.8
+ .6
+ .8
+23.9
+21.7
25.87
31. 98
+ 1 .3
+ 1.1
+10.2
+ 5 .0
36.1
37.5
+ .3
+ .8
+ 3 .3
- 4 .5
72.2
85.1
+ 1 .0
+ 1 .6
+ 6 .2
+10.7
24.05
10.57
20. 31
22.69
11.86
21.98
26.90
18. 27
20. 74
+ 4 .5
(3)
+ 2 .3
+ 6 .5
+ 8.7
+ 3 .2
+ 2 .3
+ 2 .4
-.9
+ 7 .8
+15.1
+ 9.1
+30.3
+27.9
+ 9 .2
+ 2 .4
+18.5
+ 3.1
39.1
40.7
38.7
36.1
35.0
39.5
35.8
37.7
38.8
+ .8
+ 1 .0
+• 8
+ 1 .7
+ 4.8
+ 1 .3
+ 2 .9
+ .5
- 1 .3
- 5 .5
-2 4 .6
+ 8 .3
+11.8
-2 9 .8
- 4 .9
- 8 .1
- 6 .0
-1 1 .2
60.3
26.5
50.1
60.8
33.5
54.8
73.4
48.6
52.4
+ .8
- 1 .1
+ 1 .2
-.8
+ 2 .8
+ 2 .0
+ 1 .0
+ 1 .7
+ .2
+11.4
+49.5
+ 5 .9
+ 4 .0
+81.2
+15.4
+18.3
+26.
+14.6
March
1934
April
1933
March
1934
April
1933
Cents
Food and kindred products________ ________
Baking.................................... ..............—..............
Beverages_______ _____ _______________ _____
Butter__________________ ____ _______________
Canning and preserving_____________________
Confectionery---------- ------------------------------------Flour______ ____________ ____________ _______
Ice cream____ _____ _________________________
Slaughtering and meat packing______________
Sugar b e e t ...-------- ---------------------------- -----------Sugar refining, cane_________________________
Tobacco m anufactures
- _______
Chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff-------Cigars and cigarettes____ ________ __________
Paper and printing
______
Boxes, paper-------------------------------------------------Paper and pulp----------------------------------- ------- —
Printing and publishing:
B ook and jo b ...... ............ ........... ........... .......
Newspapers and periodicals--------------------Chemicals and allied products
Chemicals_____ ______ _______ _____ ________
Cottonseed—oil, cake, and meal........................
Druggists’ preparations______________________
Explosives_____ ___ ______ __________________
Fertilizers___________________________________
Paints and varnishes____ ________ __________
Petroleum refining__________________________
Rayon and allied products----------------------------Soap.............................. ..........................................
97.2
111. 2
156.6
79.2
71.9
74.7
74.5
64.9
92.4
37.3
84.7
64.7
79.3
62.8
95.1
85.3
106.8
+ 1.0
+. 8
+ 6.0
+ 3 .2
+6.1
- 7 .0
-.2
+ 9.6
-.4
+17.4
- 1 .7
+ .5
- 2 .2
+ 1 .0
+ 1.5
+ 1.8
+ 2.3
+17.1
+16.2
+33.7
+11.5
+16.3
+ 4 .2
+15.3
+15.9
+20.9
+ 4.8
+16.2
+24.4
+14.8
+26.1
+19. 2
+28.7
+34.0
83.1
91.3
150.9
61.9
69.5
61.8
61.2
51.4
76.1
33.8
70.4
46.3
66.3
43.6
79. 7
75.7
81.3
+ 1.1
-.6
+ 9.1
+ 6.1
+ 3.4
- 9 .2
+1. 7
+10.7
+• 2
+16.2
+ 6 .0
+ .9
- 8 .1
+ 2 .4
+ 2.6
+ 1.2
+ 3.5
+23.1
+18.9
+30.3
+13.8
+36.3
+26.9
+15.0
+19.5
+29.2
+11.9
+ 5 .5
+38.3
+19.2
+42.5
+28.1
+49.0
+52.5
84.7
99.0
113.3
110.8
70.4
100.6
99.2
181.5
102.6
107.8
319.0
104.5
+ 1.5
+ .8
+ .4
+ 2.9
-2 6 .3
- 2 .5
+ 4 .7
+13.1
+ 4.3
- 2 .2
-.9
+ 1.3
+12.8
+ 8.9
+31.1
+52.4
+17.9
+20.2
+51.2
+22.6
+34.3
+14.4
+42.6
+27.8
70.8
87.3
92.3
95.8
62.5
92.4
78.6
132.1
83.0
92.0
221.3
88.8
+ 2.8
+ 1.9
+ 3.6
+ 7.5
-2 6 .3
-.2
+11.5
+23.1
+ 7.7
+(<)
+ 1 .4
+ .4
1-24.0
-14.6
-41.8
H63.8
1-35.0
-31.1
-96.5
-56.3
-46.9
-17.0
-69.4
-32.3
1
R ubber p ro d u c ts ______ _________________ _____
Rubber boots and shoes------------------- ------- -----Rubber goods, other than boots, shoes, tires,
and inner tubes------------------------------------------Rubber tires and inner tubes.............................
91.0
55.8
+ 3.3
+ 1.0
+52.7
+31.6
73.7
51.4
+ 4 .1
+ 6 .5
+110.6
+91.1
18.21
+ 5.4
+45.6
36.5
+ 7.7
+90.8
46.6
-.2
+31.3
134.1
82.1
+ 1 .7
+ 5.1
+47.9
+59.1
105.1
67.6
-.9
+ 6 .7
+76.6
+139. 7
18.38
25.58
- 2 .5
+ 1 .5
+19.3
+50.5
35.4
33.8
-3 .8
+ .9
- 8 .8
+12.2
50.7
76.3
+ 1 .0
(3)
+22.9
+31.8
1 Per capita weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments. Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data furnished
b y a smaller number of establishments as some firms do not report man-hour information. Figures for groups not computed.
2 Weighted.
3 N o change.
4 Less than Mo of 1 percent.
<D
10
Estimated Total Number of Wage Earners and Weekly Pay Rolls in Manu
facturing Industries
I n the following table are presented the estimated number of wage
earners and weekly pay roll in all manufacturing industries combined
and in the 14 groups into which these manufacturing industries have
been classified, for the years from 1919 to 1933, inclusive, and for the
months of January, February, March, and April 1934. These
estimates have been computed by multiplying the weighting factor
of the several groups of industries (number employed or weekly pay
roll in the index base period 1923-25) by the Bureau’s index numbers
of employment or pay roll (which have been adjusted to conform with
census trends over the period 1919-31) and dividing by 100. Data
are not available for all groups over the entire period shown. The
totals for all manufacturing industries combined, however, have been
adjusted to include all groups. The estimated total employment and
weekly pay roll for all manufacturing industries combined do not
include the manufactured-gas industry (which is included in the
Bureau’s power and light industry) or the motion-picture industry.
T
2 —E S T IM A T E D N U M B E R OF W A G E E A R N E R S A N D W E E K L Y W A G E S IN A L L
M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S C O M B IN E D A N D IN IN D U S T R Y G R O U P S —Y E A R L Y
A V E R A G E S 1919 TO 1933, IN C L U S IV E , A N D M O N T H S , J A N U A R Y T O A P R I L 1934
able
Year and month
Total manu
facturing
Iron and
steel and
their
products
M achin
ery, not
Transpor
including
tation
transpor equipment
tation
equipment
Railroad
repair
shops
Nonferrous
metals and
their
products
E m p lo y m e n t
1919 average.- - - . - _____
1920________________________
1921________________________
1922________________________
1923________________________
1924________________________
1925________________________
1926________________________
1927________________________
1923________________________
1929________________________
1930________________________
1931________________________
1932________________________
1933________________________
1934: January._________
__
February_____________
M arch....... ........ . .
A pril_________________
8, 983,900
9,065, 600
6,899, 700
7, 592, 700
8, 724,900
8,083, 700
8,328,200
8, 484,400
8, 288,400
8, 285,800
8, 785, 600
7, 668, 400
6, 484, 300
5, 374, 200
5, 778,400
6,146,000
6, 514, 200
6, 770,100
6, 897, 800
858,600
926, 300
572, 400
722, 500
892, 400
833, 700
851, 200
880, 200
834,900
829, 800
881,000
766, 200
598, 400
458,100
503,400
545, 500
572, 200
601, 400
623, 700
1, 026,800
1,131, 700
680, 700
717, 400
928, 600
835, 400
870, 500
946, 700
897,800
922, 500
1,105, 700
918, 700
687,000
494, 600
517,100
614, 700
640,100
674,400
705,100
W eekly p a y
0)
0)
(0
0)
523, 700
464,900
458,100
460, 700
428,900
404,000
398, 200
353,800
309,000
257, 400
250,600
254, 500
257,400
267, 600
278, 700
0)
(0
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
209,000
164, 200
175, 200
190, 200
200,400
212, 200
217, 300
$198,145, 000 $23,937,000 $24, 534,000
0)
0)
238,300,000 30, 531, 000 31,982,000
0)
0)
155, 008, 000 14,049,000 16,450,000
0)
0)
165,406, 000 17,400, 000 16,982,000
0)
0)
210, 065, 000 25, 442, 000 24, 618, 000 $18, 532,000 $14,856, 000
195, 376, 000 23,834,000 22, 531,000 15, 636,000 12, 972,000
204, 665, 000 24, 680, 000 23,843,000 17, 478,000 12,847,000
211,061,000 25,875, 000 26, 310,000 17,126, 000 13,025, 000
206,980,000 24, 289,000 25,095,000 15,450, 000 12,475, 000
208, 334,000 24, 740,000 26,334,000 17,494,000 11,817,000
221,937,000 26, 568,000 31, 761, 000 18,136,000 12, 255, 000
180, 507,000 21,126,000 24,197,000 12,076, 000 10,316,000
137, 256, 000 13, 562,000 15,135, 000
9,008,000
8, 366, 000
93, 757,000
7,164,000
8, 546,000
7,012,000
5, 793,000
98, 623, 000
8,925, 000
8,975,000
6, 799, 000
5, 652,000
109,806, 000 10,134, 000 11,260,000
9, 072,000
5, 710,000
123,395, 000 11, 269, 000 12, 253, 000 12,394, 000
6,185, 000
131,852, 000 12, 650,000 13,199,000 14, 546,000
6, 577,000
136,962, 000 14, 006, 000 14, 311, 000 15,871, 000
7,188, 000
1 Comparable data not available.
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
(0
0)
0)
0)
0)
$4, 622,000
2,865,000
3, 039,000
3, 452, 000
3,826, 000
4,163,000
4, 317, 000
1919 average____ ___________
1920________________________
1921________________________
1922________________________
1923________________________
1924________________________
1925________________________
1926________________________
1927________________________
1928________________________
1929________________________
1930________________________
1931________________________
1932________________________
1933________________________
1934: January______________
February_____________
M arch_____________ . .
April ___ _ . . . . __ .
0)
(l)
0)
0)
606, 200
524, 500
559,600
558,600
495,100
541,900
583, 200
451, 800
373,800
315, 700
305, 600
401, 200
477, 300
526, 300
558, 400
rolls
11
T
2 — E S T IM A T E D N U M B E R OF W A G E E A R N E R S A N D W E E K L Y W A G E S IN ALL,
M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S C O M B IN E D A N D IN IN D U S T R Y G R O U P S —Y E A R L Y
A V E R A G E S 1919 TO 1933, IN C L U S IV E , A N D M O N T H S , J A N U A R Y T O A P R I L 1934—Contd.
able
Year and month
Lumber
and allied
products
Stone,
clay, and
glass
products
Textiles and their products
Wearing
apparel
Fabrics
Total
Leather
and its
manu
factures
E m p lo y m e n t
1919 average...
192 0
192 1
192 2
192 3
192 4
192 5
192 6
192 7
192 8
192 9
193 0
193 1
193 2
193 3
1934: Janaury..
February
M arch___
A pril____
863.800
821, 200
703, 000
894, 300
932.100
901, 300
921, 600
922, 300
864.100
848.100
876, 500
699, 400
516,900
377.800
406.100
418.800
432, 600
445, 400
453, 700
302, 700
314, 500
253.000
299, 600
351, 400
346.400
352, 700
363, 500
349.800
334, 900
328, 500
280.800
222,800
156.000
157, 500
165, 700
174.400
182, 500
193, 700
1, 052, 600
1, 045, 300
994, 300
1, 054, 900
2 1,164, 400
1, 041,900
1,109, 500
1,095, 700
1,119, 200
1,062, 400
1,095,900
950, 400
886, 700
794,100
952, 600
988, 400
1, 065, §00
1,087, 900
1, 072, 200
!
507.800
519, 400
473,900
487.800
499, 300
455.800
466, 500
472.800
501,400
513.100
536, 700
497, 700
472, 000
401.800
418.100
385, 900
442.800
471.800
474.100
1, 609, 400
1, 612, 400
1, 509,400
1, 585, 500
1, 714,300
1, 545, 500
1, 627,400
1, 628, 000
1, 694, 400
1, 651,300
1, 706,900
1, 513,000
1,421,000
1,250,300
1,432, 700
1, 437,100
1, 577, 300
1, 629, 400
1, 614, 700
349, 600
318.600
280,100
314.600
344.800
311, 700
314, 200
312, 700
316,000’
309, 400
318.600
295.100
272.800
255, 500
269,400
268,200
292.100
299, 900
298.600
$6,397, 000 $17,494, 000 $10,121,000 $28, 440,000
8, 239,000 21.005.000 12.124.000 34.115.000
5.907.000 17, 235,000 10, 266,000 28, 284,000
6.442.000 17, 747, 000 10.438.000 28.962.000
8, 726,000 21.590.000 10,919, 000 33, 511,000
9.804.000 29, 712,000
8, 926, 000 19,014, 000
8.985.000 20.497.000 10, 284, 000 31, 795, 000
9, 257,000 20, 241, 000 10, 297, 000 31, 731,000
8,929, 000 21,135, 000 11.123.000 33,817, 000
8, 541,000 19, 510,000 11.114.000 32,199, 000
8, 323, 000 20, 251, 000 11, 476,000 33, 321,000
9, 680,000 27,115, 000
6,828, 000 16,167, 000
4, 786,000 14, 308, 000
8,338, 000 23, 799,000
5, 733,000 16.947.000
2, 588,000 10.367.000
5, 757, 000 19.394.000
2.455.000 12.664.000
5,850, 000 20, 526,000
2, 655,000 13, 647, 000
7.473.000 24, 676,000
2.956.000 15.948.000
8.414.000 26,164, 000
3.081.000 16.457.000
7.866.000 25, 277,000
3.445.000 16.152.000
$6,978, 000
7,437,0006.040.000
6, 711, 000
7, 472,000
6, 654,000
6,831, 000
6,909, 000
7, 009, 000
6, 696,000
6, 915, 000
5, 748, 000
5, 035, 000
4.060.000
4, 394, GOO
4, 716,000
5, 708,000
5.896.000
5, 736,000
W eekly P a y R olls
1919 average.__
192 0
192 1
192 2
192 3
192 4
192 5
192 6
192 7
192 8
192 9
193 0 ______
193 1
193 2
193 3
1934: January..
February
M arch___
A p ril____
2 Revised.
$16, 549, 000
20.358.000
13,161, 000
15, 234, 000
18, 526,000
18, 228, 000
18,824, 000
18,997, 000
17, 916,000
17, 454, 000
18.062.000
13, 464, 000
8, 641,000
4, 656, 000
4.900.000
5,075, 000
5, 650,000
5.909.000
6.168.000
12
T
2 —E S T IM A T E D N U M B E R OF W A G E E A R N E R S A N D W E E K L Y W A G E S IN A L L
M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S C O M B IN E D A N D IN IN D U S T R Y G R O U P S —Y E A R L Y
A V E R A G E S 1919 TO 1933, IN C L U S IV E , A N D M O N T H S , J A N U A R Y T O A P R I L 1934—Con.
able
Year and month
Foods and
kindred
products
Tobacco
manufac
tures
Paper and
printing
Chemicals
and allied
products
Rubber
products
E m p lo y m e n t
1919 average____ ______ . _________________
1920.____ _________ _______________________
1921______________________________________
;1922______________________________________
1923______________________________________
1924_________ _____ _______ ______________
1925______________________________________
1926....... ..............................................................
1927___________________________ __________
1928______________________________________
1929____________________________ ____ ____
1930..____ _____ ____ _____________________
1931______________________ _______________
1932____________________________________. . .
1933______________________________________
1934: January___ _______ _____ ___________
February___________________________
M a rch .. ___________ . . . __________
A pril______ ___ _____ _______________
733,600
713,000
626,400
651, 400
681,900
657,800
664,400
664,400
679,400
707,100
753,500
731,100
650, 500
577,100
631,000
628, 700
627,800
643,100
649, 500
157,000
154,000
149,900
146,400
146,300
136, 700
132,100
125, 700
129,300
125,600
116,100
108,300
99, 700
88, 600
82,700
75,400
85,900
89,100
89, 500
510,100
549,100
467,100
489,400
527,400
529, 200
537,100
553, 600
553, 500
558,300
591, 500
574,100
511,800
451, 700
458,400
490, 700
494, 500
497,600
505,100
0)
0)
0)
0)
342, 700
322, 200
334, 200
355,100
346, 700
342,500
384,800
364, 700
316,800
279, 700
315,400
359, 200
368,300
375, 600
377, 400
0)
0)
0)
0)
137,800
123, 200
141,800
141,200
142,000
149, 200
149,100
115, 500
99, 200
87,800
99, 300
110,100
113, 600
118, 300
122, 200
W eekly P a y R olls
1919________ _____ _______________________
1920____________ _________________________
1921________________________________ ______
1922_______________________________________
1923______________________________________
1924______________________________________
1925______________________________________
1926______________________________________
1927________________________________ _____
1928_________________________- ____ ______
1929_______________________________________
1930_______________________________________
1931___________________ __________________
1932__________________________________ _
1933______________________________________
1934: January----------------------------- --------------February.......................................... .
M arch ----------- ---------- -----------------------A pril___________________ ____ _______
$14, 879,000
16, 698,000
14, 333,000
14,142,000
15, 296,000
15,155,000
15, 268,000
15, 503,000
15,838,000
16,388,000
17,344,000
16, 593,000
14,173,000
11,308,000
11,604,000
12,301,000
12,352,000
12, 522,000
12,663,000
$2,386,000 $10, 873,000
2, 772,000 14, 729,000
2, 325,000 12, 259, 000
2, 206,000 12, 762,000
2, 317,000 14,304,000
2, 213,000 14, 797,000
2,147,000 15, 506,000
2, 049,000 16, 478, 000
2,025,000 16, 501,000
1,916,000 16, 691, 000
1,819,000 17, 771,000
1, 617,000 17,036, 000
1,336,000 14, 461,000
1,052,000 11,126,000
944,000 10, 299,000
886,000 11,045,000
1,012,000 11, 297,000
1,019,000 11, 550,000
1,028,000 11,847,000
0)
0)
(0
0)
$8,499,000
8, 013, 000
8,444,000
9, 055, 000
8, 978, 000
8, 997,000
10, 068, 000
9, 334, 000
7, 643, 000
5,861, 000
6,179,000
7, 035, 000
7, 257,000
7, 417, 000
7, 683,000
0)
0)
0)
0)
$3, 500,000
3, 223,000
3, 676,000
3, 707, 000
3,810,000
4,069,000
3,986, 000
2,934, 000
2,165, 000
1, 555,000
1, 740,000
2, 036,000
2, 261, 000
2,455,000
2, 556, GOO
i Comparable data not available.
Index Numbers of Employment and Pay-Roll Totals in Manufacturing
Industries
G e n e r a l index numbers of factory employment and pay rolls by
months, from January 1919 to April 1934, inclusive, together with
average indexes for each of the years from 1919 to 1933, inclusive,
and for the 4-month period, January to April 1934, inclusive, based
on the 3-year average, 1923-25, as 100, are shown in the following
table. A chart of these indexes also follows:
E m p lo y m e n t e P a y r o ll s
in the
M a n u fa c tu r in g In d u str ie s
3 year average 1^23-1^2^100
U .S.D epartm ent o f L a b o r
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
W ashington
Index
Numbers
Index
Numbers
140
m
-130
130{H itfit
120-
■120
-110
110100-
1
90-
>\
100
ft
- 90
80 -
-
NK^\
70JL° a y .
60-
roll
50 -
so
: 70
- 60
-7
-50
Jio-
- 40
30 -
-
20-
- 20
10-
- 10
1.1LLLLL! i LI 1J11.1111. mmum.
0 - .LU
30
1919
1920
1921
11111111111 .iLi.11 .ii 1 1 1 1
1922
1923
Mil! IlllLl. iiiiiiiiiii J.LJJ llll U.1 111IJ.LL1J1I.
1924 1925 1926 1927
iiimmii
lllllllllll
1928
1929
!IJL1.J11J11 IIIIIIlllLl
1930
1931
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l J11J.J U1LL1. 11111111111
1932
1933
1934 1935
-
0
Jmck Brandt. Jr.
14
T
3 —G E N E R A L IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y -R O L L T O T A L S IN M A N U
F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S B Y M O N T H S —J A N U A R Y 1919 TO A P R IL 1934 IN C L U S IV E
able
[3-year average, 1923-35=100]
Employment
M on th
January___
F ebruary. _
M arch ____
A p ril... _
M a y . ____
June______
July ____
August.......
September.
October----N ovem ber.
December. _
1919
1920 1921 1922
1923
105.3
102.0
102.4
102.5
103.1
104.3
106.9
109.7
111.7
111.3
112.6
114.4
114.9
113.7
116.0
114.5
112.0
111. 1
108.5
108.8
107.5
103.7
97.4
89.7
100.7 100.2
102.5 101.5
104.6 101.7
105.0 99.9
105.3 96.8
106.0 93.8
104.9 91.0
105.2 92.1
105.7 94.4
104.5 95.3
103.2 94.8
101.4 96.1
81.0 82.5
82.6 84.6
83.2 85.9
82.1 85.8
81 9 87 9
81 0 89 8
79 8 88.2
81.2 91.4
83.4 94.5
84.1 97.0
84.2 99.0
83.3 100.5
1924 1925 1926 1927
96.3
98.1
98.8
98.7
98.1
98.0
97.8
99.5
101.5
102.2
101.8
101.5
100.5
101.5
102.1
101.4
100.4
100.3
99.4
101.4
103.4
103.1
101.4
100.0
98.2
99.7
100.2
99.6
99.1
99.1
98.1
99.3
100.5
99.6
97.4
96.1
Average . 107.2 108.2 82.3 90.6 104.1 96.5 99.4 101.2 98.9
1928
1929
1930 1931 1932 1933 1934
95.0
96.5
97.6
97.1
97.0
97.8
97.7
100.1
102.2
102.6
101.7
101.2
100.8
102.9
104.1
105.3
105.3
105. 6
106.1
107.9
109.0
107.7
103.6
99.8
97.3
97.4
96.9
96.3
94.8
92.9
89.5
88.8
89.6
87.7
84.6
82.3
79.6
80.3
80.7
80.7
80.1
78.4
77.0
77.1
77.4
74.4
71.8
71.0
68.7
69.5
68.4
66.1
63.4
61.2
58.9
60.1
63.3
64.4
63.4
62.1
60.2
61.1
58.8
59.9
62.6
66.9
71. 5
76.4
80.0
79.6
76.2
74.4
73.3
77.7
80.8
82.3
----
98.9 104.8 91.5 77.4 64.1 69.0 178.5
1
Pay rolls
January___
F ebruary. _
M arch____
A pril_____
M a y __ ___
June____
July_______
A ugust...
September.
October___
N ovem ber.
Decem ber..
Average.
95.3
89.6
90.0
89.2
90.0
92.0
94.8
99.9
104.7
102.2
106.7
114. 0
117.2
115.5
123.7
120.9
122.4
124.2
119.3
121.6
119.8
115.8
107.0
98.0
82.8
81.3
81.7
79.0
77.3
75.4
71.7
73.9
73.4
72.6
71.7
73.3
69.6
72.4
74.9
73.8
77.2
80.5
78.5
83.0
87.0
89.5
93.4
95.7
94.6 98.8 95.4
97.9 104.1 100.8
102.5 104.1 102.4
103.8 101.8 100. 0
107.3 97.5 100. 7
107.5 92.4 98. 7
103.3 85. 7 96.8
103.8 89.3 99.3
104.3 92.5 98.8
106.6 95.1 104.6
104.5 93.7 104.6
102.9 97.6 105.2
100.9 98.4
105.0 104.4
106.5 105.7
104.4 104.5
103.1 104.0
103.3 102.4
99.0 98. 5
103. 4 101.9
104.4 101.4
107.6 102.1
104.1 98.5
103.5 99.5
96.0
101.2
102.5
100.5
101.3
101.7
99.0
103.3
104.7
108.2
105.0
105.6
102.3
109.3
111.6
112.6
112. 9
111.2
107. 2
112.0
112.9
112.4
104.1
100.7
95.9
98.8
98.8
97.7
95.4
92.3
84.3
83.3
84.1
82.2
76.8
75.2
70.0
74.3
75.6
74.4
73.4
69.7
66. 2
65.9
63.4
61.3
58.1
57.6
53.5
54.6
53.1
49.5
46.8
43.4
39. 8
40.6
42.9
44.7
42.9
41.5
39.5
40.2
37.1
38.8
42. 7
47. 2
50. 8
56.8
59.1
59.4
55.5
54.5
54.0
60.6
64.8
67.3
.....
97.4 117.1 76.2 81.3 103.3 96.1 100.6 103.8 101.8 102.4 109.1 88.7 67.5 46.1 48.5 161.7
1 Average for 4 months.
For comparative purposes the Bureau has computed the group and
general index numbers of employment and pay roll for April 1934
based on the 12-month average for 1926 as 100. These are a con
tinuation of the former series of indexes covering 89 industries and
show some slight differences in percentage changes from the previous
month when compared with those shown by the revised series. These
differences are due to changes in method of construction and weighting
factors, and to the inclusion of the canning and preserving industry
in the revised series of indexes. These indexes on the 1926 base are
presented in table 4, which follows:
15
T
4 —IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S (B A S E D ON T H E 1 2-M O N T H
A V E R A G E F O R 1926=100) IN 14 M A J O R M A N U F A C T U R IN G G R O U P S , 2 S U B G R O U P S ,
A N D A L L M A N U F A C T U R IN G C O M B IN E D , F O R A P R IL 1934
able
E m ploy
ment index
Group
All manufacturing_______________________________
______________________
Iron and steel and their products, not including machinery_________ __________
Machinery, not including transportation equipm ent____ ______________________
Transportation equipm ent___________ ________________ _______________________
Railroad repair shops________________________ _____________ ___________________
Nonferrous metals and their products________ _________________
_____________
Lum ber and allied products______ _____________________ _____ __________________
Stone, clav, and glass products___ _______ ____________ ____________ __________
Textiles and their products_________ ______ _______ ___ ___ __________________
________ ________
Fabrics______________________________________ _____ _
Wearing a p p a r e l_____ __________________________ _________________ ______
Leather and its manufactures__________________________________________________
Food and kindred products_____ _______________________________ _ _ _ ______ __
Tobacco manufactures__ __ _______________________________ ______ ____________
Paper and printing______ _____________________________________________________
Chemicals and allied products
__ __________
_____ ___________ ____
Rubber products_____ ______ ______ ______________________________________ ____
Pay-roll
index
77.8
61.9
76.2
70.9
95.2
53. 8
73. 7
47.1
55. 2
88. 7
93.4
77. 5
87. 3
93.8
72. 5
91.1
105. 4
91.2
56.5
52.7
88.2
48. 5
56.4
30.0
37.5
69. 6
75. 6
57. 6
70. 2
78.3
53.1
73.9
84.9
74.8
Employment in Nonmanufacturing Industries in April 1934
WELVE of the 14 nonmanufacturing industries surveyed
monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported gains in
employment from March to April and 10 industries reported increased
pay rolls over the month interval. Data for the building construc
tion industry, which also showed pronounced gains in employment
and pay roll, are not presented here but are shown in more detail
under the section “ Building construction.”
The most pronounced increases in employment and pay roll were
shown in the quarrying and nonmetallic mining and the dyeing and
cleaning industries. Employment in the quarrying and nonmetallic
mining industry increased 15.9 percent and pay rolls increased 23.9
percent; employment in the dyeing and cleaning industry increased
10.3 percent and pay rolls increased 17.6 percent. The metalliferous
mining industry reported a gain of 4.6 percent in employment coupled
with an increase of 5 percent in pay rolls. The laundry and crudepetroleum producing industries reported gains in number of workers
of 1.6 percent each, pay rolls increasing 2.6 percent in the laundry^
industry and 1.8 percent in the crude-petroleum industry over the
month interval.
Reports received from 19,413 retail establishments showed a net
gain of 1.1 percent in employment from March to April coupled with
an increase of 2.8 percent in pay rolls. The group of retail trade
establishments comprising the general merchandise group (depart
ment, variety, limited-price stores, and mail-order houses), showed
a gain of 1 percent in employment and the combined total of the
remaining retail establishments reporting showed a gain of 1.2 percent
in number of workers from March to April.
T
62268—34------3
16
The two industries in which declines in both employment and pay
rolls were reported were anthracite and bituminous-coal mining.
The decreases in employment and pay roll in the first-named industry
were 13.8 percent and 37.3 percent, respectively, and the declines in
the bituminous-coal mining industry were 7.2 percent in employment
and 12.7 percent in pay roll. The observance of the “ 8-hour d a y ”
holiday in these industries accounted partially for the decrease in
pay roll. In the bituminous-coal mining industry, labor disturb
ances in certain localities resulted in pronounced decreases in employ
ment in the mines affected.
In table 1, which follows, are shown indexes of employment and
pay roll, per capita weekly earnings, average hours worked per week,
and average hourly earnings in April 1934 for 13 of the 14 nonmanu
facturing industries surveyed monthly by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, together with percentages of change from March 1934
and April 1933. Similar percentages of change in employment, pay
roll, and per capita weekly earnings, as well as average per capita
weekly earnings, are likewise presented for the banks-brokerageinsurance-real estate group. Indexes of employment and pay roll
for the latter group have been temporarily discontinued.
T
able
1 — E M P L O Y M E N T , W E E K L Y P A Y R O LLS, P E R C A P IT A W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S W O R K E D P E R W E E K , A N D A V E R A G E
H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN N ONM ANUFAC TU R IN G IN D U S T R IE S IN A P R IL 1934 A N D C O M P A R IS O N W IT H M A R C H 1934 A N D A P R IL 1933
Industry
Coal mining:
Anthracite..................... ........... .
Bituminous____________________
Metalliferous mining___ ___ _______
Quarrying and nonmetallic m ining. _
Crude-petroleum producing________
Public utilities:
Telephone and telegraph_______
Electric light and power and
manufactured gas______ _____
Electric-railroad and motor-bus
operation and maintenance___
Trade:
Wholesale______________________
Retail____ _____________________
Hotels (cash payments only)3 ______
Laundries............. .................................
Dyeing and cleaning________________
Banks, brokerage, insurance, and
real estate_____ *__________ _______
Per capita weekly
earnings1
Employment
Pay roll
Percentage
Index
change from—
April
1934
(average
March
April
1929=
1934
100)
1933
Percentage
Index
change from—
April
1934
(average
March
April
1929=
1934
100)
1933
58.2
72.2
41.7
48.7
74.0
-1 3 .8
- 7 .2
+ 4.6
+15.9
+ 1.6
70.2
82.4
-3 7 .3
-1 2 .7
+ 5 .0
+23.9
+ 1 .8
+38.2
+93.2
+65.9
+48.0
+33.2
Average
in April
1934
Average
in April
1934
March
1934
April
1933
$25.85
18.24
21.12
16.00
27.13
-2 7 .3
- 5 .9
+ .4
+ 6 .9
+ .2
+22.5
+70.3
+16.8
+19.5
+ 2.3
33.3
27.1
38.0
34.2
35.7
Percentage
change from—
March
1934
April
1933
-2 4 .3
-2 0 .5
-.5
+ 4 .0
+ 2.6
+29.4
+17.8
+ 6 .4
- 4 .3
- 2 0 .5
Average hourly earnings i
Average
in April
1934
Cents
81.1
68.5
55.2
46.9
69.8
Percentage
change from—
March
1934
- 0 .6
+19.1
+1. 3
+ 2 .6
-.6
April
1933
+12.8
+13.3
+41.8
+23.9
+30.3
51.7
51.4
27.2
29.9
53.4
+ .3
- 2 .9
68.8
- 2 .4
+ 1 .5
26.15
- 2 .7
+ 4.5
37.6
-.5
+ 2 .5
70.0
- 2 .0
+ 2.4
+ .8
+ 7.2
76.8
+ 1 .6
+10.7
29. 66
+ .8
+ 3.3
39.4
-.8
- 6 .2
75.2
+ 1 .2
+10.3
(2)
+45.3
+12.0
+27.1
+22.6
+ 6.5
72.2
+ .7
+ 3.9
62.9
+ 1 .0
+ 8.3
27.71
+ .3
+ 4 .2
46.5
+ .9
+ 2 .3
59.3
(2)
83.9
88.2
86.6
4 80. 5
4 79.9
+ .4
+1.1
+. 3
+1. 6
+10.3
+14.5
+12.2
+20.4
+ 5.2
+ 6.7
66.8
71.5
66.5
4 64.4
4 60.8
+ 1 .6
+ 2 .8
-.2
+ 2 .6
+17.6
+19.3
+18.4
+28.6
+13.8
+17.6
26. 66
19.80
13.14
15. 01
18.38
+ 1 .2
+ 1 .7
-.6
+• 9
+ 6 .6
+ 4 .2
+ 5 .6
+ 6.8
+ 8.1
+10.3
42.5
39.8
46.6
39.4
30.5
+. 5
+ 1 .8
- 2 .5
+. 8
+ 3 .7
- 9 .2
-1 1 .2
- 7 .6
- 5 .1
-1 5 .4
62.3
50.9
27.2
38.0
60.5
+ 2 .0
+ .6
+ 1.1
+ .8
+ 3.1
+16.5
+16.6
+17.4
+13.1
+28.3
6 + .5
e + 3 .6
« + 1 .7
« + 6 .3
33. 27
6 + 1 .3
« + 2 .6
(•)
(5)
(5)
(6)
(«)
1 Per capita weekly earnings are computed from figures furnished by all reporting establishments.
by a smaller number of establishments, as some firms do not report man-hour information.
2 N o change.
3 The additional value of board, room, and tips cannot be computed.
4 Revised to conform with average shown b y 1931 Census of Manufacturers.
8 N ot available.
6 Weighted.
Percentage
change from—
Average hours worked
per w e e k 1
(5)
(fi)
(6)
Average hours and average hourly earnings are computed from data furnished
18
Indexes of Employment and Pay-Roll Totals for Nonmanufacturing Industries
I n d e x numbers of employment and pay-roll totals for 13 nonmanu
facturing industries are presented in table 2. These index numbers
show the variation in employment and pay rolls in these industries,
by months, from January 1931 through April 1934.
A revision of the indexes, similar to that made for the manufacturing
industries, was made for the laundry and the dyeing and cleaning
industries in March 1934. The indexes of employment and pay roll
in these industries were adjusted to conform with the trends shown by
the 1929 and 1931 census reports and this new series will be continued
until further adjustments, if necessary, are made when 1933 census
data become available.
T a bl e 3 — IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S F O R N O N M A N U F A C T U B IN G
IN D U S T R IE S , J A N U A R Y 1931 TO A P R IL 1934
[12-month average, 1929=100]
Bituminous-coal mining
Anthracite mining
M onth
Employment
Pay rolls
Employment
Pay rolls
1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934
January_________
February________
March ________
April____________
M ay
__ _____
June
___ ____
July___________
August--------------September______
O ctober..............
N ovem ber............
December_______
Average___
90 6
89
82.0
85.2
80.3
76.1
65.1
67.3
80.0
86.8
83.5
79.8
80.5
76 ?
71 ?
73.7
70.1
66.9
53.0
44.5
49. 2
55.8
63.9
62.7
62.3
62.5
64 1 89 3
5?
58 7 63 ?, 101 9
54.6 67.5 71.3
51.6 58.2 75.2
43.2
76.1
39.5
66.7
43.8
53.7
47.7 ------- 56.4
56.8
64.9
56.9
91.1
79.5
61.0
78.4
54.5
61.5
57.3
61.2
72.0
58.0
37.4
34.5
41.4
47.0
66.7
51.0
56.2
51.7 163.3 75.4 53.7
43.2 73.2
56.8 65.8
48.8 82.4
37.4 51.7
30.0
34.3
38.2
46. 6
60.7
61.6 : : : : :
47.8
44.3
45.8 168.3
Metalliferous mining
January_________
February_______
M arch__________
April____________
M a y ____________
June____________
July .
________
August______ ____
September______
October_________
N ovem ber______
December_______
Average___
68.3
65.3
63.5
63.9
62.4
60.0
56. 2
55.8
55.5
53.8
52.8
51.2
49.3
46.9
45.0
43.3
38.3
32.2
29.5
28.6
29.3
30.5
31.9
33.3
32.4
31.5
30.0
29.4
30.0
31.5
33.0
36.8
38.9
40.7
40.6
40.6
39.6
40.3
39.8
41.7
:::
55.0
54.6
52.8
51.4
49.3
46.1
41.3
40.2
40.0
37.4
35.1
34.3
29.7
27.8
26.5
25.0
23.8
20.1
16.9
16.5
17.0
18.0
18.7
18.7
93.9
91.5
88.8
85.9
82.4
78.4
76.4
77. 0
80.4
81.3
81.1
81.2
83.2
Average___
69.8 75.8
69.3 76.1
67.6 77.8
63.7 72.2
61. 2
61.3
63.2
68.6
71.8
68.0 : : : : :
74.8
75.4
67.9 175. 5
73.3
68.3
65.2
58.6
54.4
52.4
50.4
50. 6
53. 6
56.2
54. 6
52.3
57.5
47.0
47.0
46.8
33.9
30. 7
27.3
24.4
26.4
30.2
37.8
28.0
37.7
35.6
36.1 51.3
37.2 54.6
30.7 58.9
26.6 51.4
26.9
29.2
33.6
43.3 ------44.1
44.1
50.7
50.8
37.8 154.1
Quarrying and nonmetallic mining
18.1
17.8
17.4
16.4
17.0
18.3
19.0
21.9
23.9
25.9
25.6
26.2
25.4
26.0
25.9
27.2
:::::
64.4
66.6
70.0
76.1
75.0
72.3
71.0
68.9
66.6
64.5
59.3
53.9
48.9
47.4
46.0
48.6
50.6
49.5
49. 5
51.1
52.4
52.4
49.4
42.3
35.1
34.8
35.1
39.3
43.4
47.3
49.5
51.6
52.6
53.2
51.1
45.3
39.7
38.8
42.0
48.7
:::::
50.4
54.4
58.2
62.6
62.3
60.1
57.3
55.1
51.2
48.7
43.3
36.9
30.2
29.6
28.7
30.0
32.3
30.0
29.1
29.7
30.5
30.1
27.1
22.1
18.1
17.4
17.8
20.2
23.8
27.5
28.4
29.9
29.3
31.2
28.3
24.4
21.3
21.0
24.1
29.9
-------
59.1 36.5 34.6 140.4 44.8 21.6 20.6 126.1 67.4 49.0 44.9 142.3 53.4 29.1 24.7 124.1
1
Telephone and telegraph
Crude-petroleum producing
January
.
F ebruary.__
M arch________ _
A pril_________ .
M a y ____________
June____________
July. __________
August__________
September______
October_________
N ovem ber______
December_______
80.8
77.4
75.2
65.5
62.6
60.5
58.6
59.4
62.4
67.0
69.4
70.0
67.4
74. 8
73.2
72. 2
69.8
67.8
65.0
65.3
62.4
61.2
60.4
57.6
58.2
54.9
54.4
51.4
54.9
54.5
54.2
55.4
57.4
56.2
56.8
56.5
57.2
57. 2 73. 2
57.0 72.4
56.5 72.8
56.8 74.0
56.9
58.0
59.5
60.8
66.2
70.6 : : : : :
72.2
75.0
71.5
70.0
73.2
66.3
64.7
62.7
59. 2
56.3
55.2
54.4
52.0
54.9
46.5
46.9
43.2
44.5
47.1
44.8
44. 6
42.9
41.9
42.5
42.4
41.7
39.9 53.0
41.7 50.5
42. 5 52. 5
40.1 53.4
41.6
40.6
42.2
42. 5
44.4
50.1
50.3 -----53.2
90. 5
89.2
88.6
88.1
87.4
86.9
86.6
85.9
85.0
84.1
83.5
83.1
83.0
82.0
81.7
81.2
80.6
79.9
79.1
78.1
77.4
76.2
75.5
74.8
74.6
73.9
73.2
72.3
70.1
69.2
68.5
68.1
68.3
68.7
68.9
69.4
70.2
69.8
70.0
70.2
96.3
94.8
97.9
95.0
94.1
95.0
93.3
92.3
92.1
91.6
------- 89.7
92.7
89.1
89.6
88.2
83.4
82.8
82.1
79.6
79.1
75.9
75.7
74.3
73.5
71.7
71.9
71.6
67.8
68.5
66.6
66.7
66.1
64.6
67.0
67.7
67.7
69.0
67.9
70.4
68.8
-------
65.7 55.3 62,2 173.1 61.7 44.1 44.1 152.4 86.6 79.1 70.4 170.1 93.7 81.1 68.2 169.0
i Average for 4 months.
19
T
able
3.—IN D E X E S OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S F O R NON M ANUFACTUBING
IN D U S T R IE S , J A N U A R Y 1931 TO A P R I L 1934—Continued
Electric-railroad and motor-bus operation
and maintenance 2
Power and light
M onth
Employment
Pay rolls
Employment
P ay rolls
1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934 1931 1932 1933 1934
January____ _____
February_______
M arch__________
April____________
M a y ______ _____
June____________
July.............
August_____ ____
September______
October.................
N ovem ber______
December_______
Average___
99.2
97.8
96.7
97.1
97.6
97.2
96.7
95.9
94.7
92.7
91.3
90.3
89.3
87.2
85.5
84.8
84.0
83.2
82.3
81.5
81.0
79.9
79.1
78.4
77.7 82.2
77.4 81.2
76.9 81.7
76.9 82.4
76.9
77. 3
77.5
78.1
80.3
82.2 ____
82.6
81.8 -------
98.6
99.7
102.4
97.6
98.7
98.3
97.4
96.2
94.3
93.2
93.3
91.2
88.4
86.0
85.4
82.4
84.2
80. 5
78.7
76. 7
74.7
74.4
73.2
73.2
73.0
71.6
71.9
69.4
69.9
69.9
70.0
70.9
71.8
76.2
74.5
74.4
73.8
74.4
75.6
76.8
86.9
86.6
86.4
86.8
85.9
85.3
85.6
84.8
84.0
........ 82.7
81.5
------- 79.9
79.5
78.9
77.6
78.0
76.9
76. 5
75.6
74.1
73.5
72.3
71.8
71.4
85.6
87.1
88.1
86.6
85.1
84.8
83.3
81.9
81.2
79.0
79.7
------- 77.8
70.5
71.0
71.7
72.2
75.4
74.8
73.6
71.8
72.2
70.2
66.4
63.8
62.5
61.5
61.7
61.9
60.9
60.6
59.4
58.1
58.2
58.0
57.4
58.2
57.8
59.8
59.4
59.6
59.2
60.1
62.2
62.9
____
-------
95.6 83.0 78.8 181.9 96.7 79.8 72.0 175.2 84.7 75.5 70.0 171.4 83.4 68.0 58.9 161.1
Wholesale trade
J an u a ry ...............
F ebruary-............
M arch...................
April......... ............
M a y . . __________
June____________
July— .................
August..................
September______
October.................
N ovem ber........ .
December_______
70.6
70.4
69.8
69.5
69.1
69.3
69.4
69.5
69.7
70.6
71.0
70.8
89.5
88.2
87.4
87.4
87.1
87.1
86.8
86.5
86.1
85.2
84.1
83.7
81.8
80.9
79.8
78.9
77.9
77.0
76.6
76.4
77.1
77.8
77.6
77.0
75.3
74.1
73.1
73.3
74.0
75.7
76.9
79.7
82.1
83.5
83.4
83.3
82.4
83.0
83.6
83.9
____
____
____
____
____
87.5
88.4
89.1
85.2
84.7
84.1
83.3
82.1
81.4
79.9
79.7
77.8
74.1
72.5
71.3
68.9
69.7
66.2
64.7
63.2
63.1
63.9
63.3
62.6
Retail trade
61.7
58.6
57.1
56.0
57.4
57.3
59.1
60.8
62.3
66.0
64.1
64.5
63.9
64.6
65.7
66.8
____
____
____
____
____
90.0
87.1
87.8
90.1
89.9
89.1
83.9
81.8
86.6
89.8
90.9
106.2
84.3
80.5
81.4
81.6
80.9
79.4
74.6
72.6
77.8
81.3
81.7
95.2
76.9
73.4
71.4
78.6
77.0
78.3
74.6
78.1
86.0
89.6
91.6
105.4
84.6
83.8
87.2
88.2
____
____
____
89.4
86.7
87.5
88.3
88.0
87.6
83.3
80.3
83.5
84.6
85.4
94.1
78.0
73.7
73.4
72.7
71.1
68.2
63.3
60.7
64.6
67.1
66.9
73.6
62.7
58.4
55.1
60.4
59.5
60.5
58.1
62.7
69.2
72.3
72.6
80.3
68.8
67.7
69.5
71.5
____
____
____
Average___ 86.6 78.2 77.9 183.2 83.6 67.0 60.4 i 65.3 89.4 80.9 81.7 186.0 86.6 69.4 64.3 i 69.4
Laundries 3
January.................
February.......... .
M arch...............
A pril......................
M a y ____________
June____________
July........................
August..................
September______
O ctober.—............
N ovem ber............
December.............
94.3
93.7
93.2
94.3
94.1
94.8
95.6
94.0
93.0
91.8
89.8
88.8
88.2
86.3
85.4
85.4
84.8
84.4
83.6
82.2
81.9
80.7
79.4
79.1
78.6
77.5
76.1
76.5
76.6
79.2
79.5
81.1
82.6
81.3
78.4
78.4
78.5
78.4
79.2
80.5
____
____
____
90.7
89.6
89.6
90.9
90.5
91.2
91.5
88.6
88.0
85.6
82.6
81.0
80.0
76.7
75.0
74.7
73.9
71.8
69.4
66.9
65.8
64.1
61.9
61.4
Dyeing and cleaning 3
60.7
58.1
55.4
56.6
57.1
59.4
58.7
60.3
63.5
62.5
60.7
61.1
61.7
61.7
62.7
64.4
82.1 75.8 67.4
80.7 74.4 65.6
81.3 74.4 65.8
88.4 76.9 74.9
89.3 78.0 75.7
91.4 78.6 79.1
91.1 .76.1 .76.6
86.4 73.4 76.8
___ _ 88.0 76.9 81.9
____ 87.0 76.0 81.6
____ 83.2 72.0 76.1
78.4 69.5 70.5
68.1
68.1
72.4
79.9
____
____
____
73.7
71.2
71.7
81.9
82.1
84.5
81.8
75.9
78.3
77.2
70.8
64.4
62.4
59.0
58.5
62.5
63.8
62.4
56.9
53.4
57.9
55.8
49.6
45.9
44.2
40.2
38.9
51.7
51.0
53.7
50.0
50.0
57.1
57.4
52.5
47.3
46.8
46.3
51.7
60.8
____
____
____
Average___ 93.1 83.5 78.8 179.2 88.3 70.1 59.5 162.6 85.6 75.2 74.3 172.1 76.1 57.3 49.5 151.4
Hotels
January...............
February..............
M arch...................
A p ril............ .........
M a y ......................
June.......................
July.......................
August..................
September.......... .
October.................
N ovem ber............
December.........
95.0
96.8
96.8
95.9
92.5
91.6
93.3
92.8
90.6
87.4
84.9
83.1
83.2
84.3
84.0
82.7
80.1
78.0
78.4
77.6
77.0
75.4
74.3
73.2
73.8
73.8
72.4
71.9
71.9
73.6
75.6
77.1
78.7
77.0
75.8
77.6
81.5
84.8
86.4
86.6
91.0
93.7
93.4
89.9
87.7
85.4
85.2
83.8
81.9
79.7
77.1
75.4
73.9
73.9
72.4
69.6
67.0
63.8
61.8
59.6
59.1
58.6
57.5
56.6
55.7
55.9
53.5
51.7
51.8
52.3
53.3
54.0
55.6
56.2
55.2
57.6
60.8
65.2
66.6
66.5
Average___ 91.7 79.0 74.9 184.8 85.4 64.5 54.4 i 64.8
* Average for 4 months.
2 N ot including electric-railroad car building and repairing; see transportation equipment and railroad
repair-shop groups, manufacturing industries, table 1.
8 Revised to conform with average shown b y 1931 Census of Manufactures.
20
Employment in Building Construction in April 1934
>HE percentages of change in employment, pay rolls, and manhours in building construction in April, as compared with March,
were as follows:
Percent
Total employment____________________________________________
Total pay rolls_________ _______________________________________
Total man-hours worked______________________________________
Average weekly earnings______________________________________
Average hours per week per m an______________ ______________
Average hourly earnings______________________________________
+16.
+18.
+19.
+1.
+2.
— 1.
5
7
0
9
9
3
The following table is based on returns made by 11,082 firms engaged
in public and private building-construction projects not aided by
public-works funds. These reports include all trades, from excavation
through painting and interior decoration, which are connected with the
erecting, altering, or repairing of buildings. Work on roads, bridges,
docks, etc., is omitted. The reports cover building operations in
various localities in 34 States and the District of Columbia.
In April 72,087 workers earned in 1 week a total of $1,610,467, as
compared to a total of $1,356,312 earned by the 61,873 workers
employed by the same 11,082 firms in March.
In April the average weekly earnings amounted to $22.34 as com
pared to $21.92 in March. These are per capita weekly earnings,
computed by dividing the total amount of the weekly pay roll by the
total number of employees— part time as well as full time.
Reports from 10,410 firms— 93.9 percent of the 11,082 cooperating
firms— gave the man-hours worked per week by the employees, namely,
1,800,623 in April as compared to 1,513,572 in March.
The average hours per week per man were computed by dividing the
number of man-hours by the number of workers employed by those
firms which reported man-hours.
The average hourly earnings were computed by dividing the pay roll
of the firms which reported man-hours, by the number of man-hours.
21
E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A V E R A G E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S PER
W E E K P E R M A N , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN T H E BU IL D 1N G -C O N ST R U C T IO N IN D U S T R Y IN A P R I L 1934, A N D P E R C E N T A G E S OF CH AN G E F R O M
M A R C H 1934
E m ploy
ment
Locality
N um
ber
of
firms N um
ber
re
port on
ing
?oa£
April
1934
Per
cent
of
change
from
March
1934
Pay rolls
April
1934
Average
weekly
earnings
Average
hourly
earnings 1
Per
Per
Per
Per
cent
cent N um cent
cent
of
of
of
of
A p ril
ber
Apr.
change 1934 change April change 1934 change
from 1934 from
from
from
March
March
M arch
March
1934
1934
1934
1934
All localities----------- 11,082 72,087 +16.5 $1,610,467 +18.7 $22.34
516 +57.8
Average
hours per
week per
man 1
+ 1 .9
Alabama: B irm ingham ...
87
California:
Los A ngeles2____ _____
San Francisco-Oakland2
Other localities2.............
22 1,189 + 11.4
643 + 2 .6
26
21
403 + 1 .0
24,461
13,342
8,922
+ 6 .8 20.57 - 4 . 2
- 7 . 9 20.75 -1 0 .3
+ 3 .9 22.14 + 2 .8
69 2,235
46, 725
9,012 + 83.2 17.47 +16.2
Ct.
+ 2 .9 77.4
-1 .3
28.3 +16.9 61.7
-.8
28.6
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(?)
(3)
(3)
(3)
+ 1 .6 20.91
-4 .9
(3)
(3)
Colorado: D enver_______
213
490 +27.3
10,428 + 38.8 21.28
+ 9 .0
26.8
+ 9 .4 80.3
+ .5
Connecticut:
Bridgeport____________
Hartford—........................
New H aven___________
117
265
177
394 +41.7
934 + 39.6
947 +34.1
8,241 + 30.3 20.92
19,061 + 30 .8 20.41
23,894 + 34.2 25.23
-8 .0
-6 .3
+ .1
30.3
30.7
34.3
- 5 .3 69.8
- 2 . 2 66.3
+ 2 .4 74.2
-4 .5
- 4 .2
-2 .1
559 2,275 +37.6
51,196 +32.3 22.50
-3 .9
32.1
The S tate2...... ........
The State____ ____
Delaware: W ilm ington. _.
District of Colum bia____
Florida:
Jacksonville.....................
M ia m i.............................
+ 6 .8
737 +32.1
109
433 4, 733 + 9 .2
54
79
70.3
-3 .3
14,374 +52.1 19.50 + 15 .2
127,807 +11.9 27.00 + 2 .5
31.7 +16.5 61.9
30.6 + 4 .8 86.3
-.5
- 2 .2
28.0 +18.1 60.5
29.2 + 5 .8 67.9
- 2 .4
+ 2 .6
+ 8 .2 66.5
+ 1 .7
155
610
-1 .9
+ 5 .0
2,633 + 12.8 16.99 + 15.0
12,096 +13.7 19.83 + 8 .3
133
765
+ 3 .5
14,729 +13. 5 19.25
+ 9 .7
29.0
Georgia: A tlanta.............
151
998 +11.3
15,426 + 14.8 15.46
+ 3 .2
26.8
Illinois:
Chicago 2_________ ____
Other localities 2.............
128 2,652 +58.1
993 + 35.7
83
73,182 +71.3 27.60
23,522 + 37.9 23.69
+ 8 .3
+ 1 .7
(3)
(3)
211 3,645 +51.3
96, 704 + 61.7 26.53
+ 6 .9
62
97
169
41
8,561
4,933
16,236
5, 591
The S tate.................
The S tate3.............
Indiana:
Evansville-......... ...........
Fort W ayne___________
Indianapolis...................
South B e n d ...............
434
269
839
251
+37.8
+ 10.2
+ 25.2
+41.8
+52.6
+ 15 .9
+22.5
+49.5
19. 73 + 10.8
18.34 + 5 .2
19.35 - 2 . 2
22.27 + 5 .4
+ 3 .1
(3)
(3)
(3)
30.3
25.4
28.9
28.2
-1 .9
+ 2 .0
+ 4 .7
+ 6 .4
65.2 + 13 .2
72.5 + 3 .9
67.0 - 6 . 4
80.0 + 2 .0
28.6
-5 .0
- 1 .9
-.6
32.6
25.0
28.1
+2. 5 73.8
77.3
(<)
- . 4 61.0
- 7 .4
- 2 .0
(*)
- 4 .1
31.9
+ 2 .6 72.9
-6 .7
451 3,088 + 6 .4
57
149 -1 5 .8
99
301 - 4 .4
74,092 + 1 .2 23.99
2,881 -1 7 .4 19.34
5,152 - 5 . 0 17.12
23.21
(3)
- 1 .0
+ 1 .0
See footnotes at end of table.
(3)
(3)
+ 2 .0 80.0
106,605 + 16 .0 24.07
(5)
(3)
(3)
30.1
690 4,429 +14.8
Michigan:
D e tro it.._____ ________
F lin t__________________
Grand R apids_________
82,125
(3)
(3)
+ .7
9,206
2,927
20,200
8,418
6,447
27,261
+ 4 .3
+ 6 .3
-6 .2
+. 3
+ 1 .2
- 1 .6
-1 .2
-1 .0
35,321 + 31.5 19.70
96
418 +11.8
64
175 - 6 .9
150 1,026 +17.4
552 +20.5
115
104
317 + 14.9
123 1,346 +14.1
607 3,538
58.9
+ 2 .9 69.0
369 1, 793 +27.5
The State_______
-.7
28.9 +10.7 77.5
27.7 + 18.4 60.8
31.4 + 3 .3 61.4
27.4 - 1 .1 55.0
28.1 + 4 .5 72.4
33.9 + 6 .6 57.9
The State.................
Iowa: Des M oines_______
Kansas: W ichita................
K en tu cky: Louisville.. ..
Louisiana: New Orleans..
Maine: Portland...............
Maryland: Baltimore 2.__
Massachusetts: All locali
ties 2___ ______ ________
+ 17.8
+ 10.8
+ 28.6
+ 17.3
+ 18 .3
+22.8
-.9
22.02 + 5 .4
16.73 +19.1
19.69 + 9 .6
15.25 - 2 . 6
20.34 + 3 .0
20.25 + 7 .7
22
E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A V E R A G E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S P E R
W E E K P E R M A N , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN T H E B U IL D IN G -C O N
ST R U C T IO N I N D U S T R Y IN A P R I L 1934, A N D P E R C E N T A G E S OF C H A N G E F R O M
M A R C H 1934—Continued
E m ploy
ment
Locality
Minnesota:
D u lu th .........
Minneapolis..
St. Paul_____
The State.
M issouri:
Kansas City 6
St. Louis____
N um
ber
of
firms N um
ber
re
port on
pay
ing
roll
April
1934
Per
cent
of
change
from
March
1934
Pay rolls
April
1934
Average
weekly
earnings
Average
hours per
week per
man 1
Average
hourly
earnings 1
Per
Per
Per
Per
cent N um cent
cent
cent
of
of
of
of
ber
April
Apr.
change 1934 change April change 1934 change
from 1934 from
from
from
March
March
March
March
1934
1934
1934
1934
274 + 9 .6
53
231 1,201 +31.5
809 + 20.0
174
$4,922 + 7 .5 $17.96
26, 463 +38. ~ 22. 03
20,028 +23.4 24. 76
-2 .0
+ 5 .5
+ 2 .8
Ct.
29.1 +13.2 61.3 -1 4 .6
29.2 + 5 .8 75.6
-.8
31.2 + 1 .0 79.3 + 1 .7
458 2,284 +24.3
51,413 +29.0
+ 3 .7
29.9
+ 4 .5 75.3
-1 .4
298 1,532 +8.
2, 799 +15.7
37,366 +20.3 24.26 +10.8
73, 626 + 8 .6 26. 30 - 6 .1
27.8
26.4
+ 7 .3 87.5
- 6 . 0 99.2
+ 2 .1
-.7
+13.1
110, 792 +12.3 25.58
Nebraska: Omaha-.
788 +29.4
16, 811 +36.9 21.33
+ 5 .8
30.!
+ 2 .0 69.4
+ 3 .9
N ew York:
N ew York C ity 2_
Other localities 2..
5,147 + 4 .6
254 4, r " +31.5
159, 656 + 6 .3 31. 02
109, T
+33.8 22.49
+1+ 1 .7
27.9
29.5
+• 7 111.1
+ 6 .5 76.4
+ .9
- 4 .1
28.7
+ 3 .6
The State.......
900
10, 010
The State 2..........
N orth Carolina: Charlotte.
O hio:
A kron_______
Cincinnati
Cleveland___
D a y ton ______
Youngstown..
The S ta te ...
+ 16.2
269, 038 +16.0 26.8
29.2
17.82
22.
26.48
20.72
21.24
+4.
+ 9 .3
+ 7. ~
+ 8 .4
+ 8 .9
26.0
29.0
26.0
30.1
26.1
+ 6.1
+ 7 .4
+ 4 .4
+ 7 .5
+ 8 .“
68.4
79.2
102.0
68.
81.4
-1 .6
+ 1 .8
+ .4
- 1 .9
+ 2 .3
119,115 +34.5 23.83
+ 7 .7
27.5
+ 6 .2
6.3
+ .2
18.33 +12.0
19.41 + 2 .0
26.7
30.5
+ 7 .2
+ 8 .2
+ 4 .1
-5 .3
28.1
+ 8 .9
+ 1 .0
4,500
- 9 .0
328 +40.2
88
463 1, 776 +31. ‘
632 2,155 +17.
450 +14.2
131
290 +45.7
78
5,846
40,718
57, f "
9,323
6,159
+46.7
+44.0
+27.1
+23.
+58.6
+24.
1,392
Oklahoma:
Oklahoma C ity..
Tulsa....................
373 -1 8 .4
212 +34.2
-4 .9
- 3 .4
-4 .2
- 5 .1
5G
6,837 - 8 . 5
4,114 +36.
+ 4 .5 18. 72
+ 9 .9
- 1 .9
The S tate...
147
585
Oregon: Portland.
208
818 +22.5
17,662 +41.3 21.59 +15.3
28.5 + 14.5 75.!
P ennsylvania:8
Erie area 2_.................
Philadelphia area 2. . .
Pittsburgh area2_____
Reading-Lebanon area2.
Scranton area 2...........
Other areas2...............
25
356 - 8 . 0
435 3,851 +15.6
-.8
236 1,415
44
313 + 26.2
163 + 19.0
27
2,324 + 8 .1
3,317 - 3 .5 9.32 + 5 .0
73,812 +18.3 19.17 + 2 .4
33,788 - 4 . 0 23.88 - 3 . 2
6,107 + 39.4 19.51 + 10.4
3,489 +11.6 21.40 - 6 . 2
41,073 + 8 .9 17.67
+ .7
13.8 +17.9 64.6
+ 3 .2 67.5
28.
27.8 + 6 .1 89.
62.
31.1 +15.
30.6 - 6 . 7 69.9
27.7 + 3 .0 63.0
-4 .4
-.3
- 1 .9
- 4 .6
+. 1
- 2 .6
-2 .0
T h e S tate2...............
+9.1
163,001 +12.5 19.35
+ 2 .6
27.8
+ 4 .9
1,449 +40.7
30,168 +44.3 20.82
+ 2.i
30.3
+ 4 .5
1,075 8,422
R hode Island: Providence.
147 - 5 . 8
247 + 6 .5
682 +21.6
792 +16.8
Chattanooga..
Knoxville.......
M em phis........
N ashville.......
249 1,868 + 14.8
See footnotes at end of table.
10,951
2,339 + 1 .1 15.91 + 7 .3
4,306 +19.7 17.43 +12.4
8, 963 -1 0 .9 13.14 -2 6 .8
12,785 +26.2 16.14 + 8 .0
27.4 - 2 .1
28.9 +3.
18.7 -3 9 .3
30.2 + 7 .1
28,393
25.6 -1 1 .7 58.8
+ 8 .8 15.20
- 5 .3
57.7 + 9 .9
60.4 + 8 .8
70.2 + 21.0
52.2
-.4
+ 7 .1
23
E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A V E R A G E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S , A V E R A G E H O U R S P E R
W E E K P E R M A N , A N D A V E R A G E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S IN T H E B U I L D I N G -C O N S T K U C T IO N IN D U S T R Y IN A P R I L 1934, A N D P E R C E N T A G E S OF C H A N G E F R O M
M A R C H 1934—Continued
E m ploy
ment
Locality
Texas:
Dallas..........................
El P a so......................
Houston......................
San Antonio...............
The State............
N um
ber
of
firms N um
ber
re
port on
ing
pay
roll
April
1934
732
117
994
+ 3 .7
+ 2.
+ 6 .2
-7 .5
543 2,186
+ 2 .8
206
27
191
119
Utah: Salt Lake C ity ..
Virginia:'
Norfolk-Portsmouth___
Richm ond........................
The State..................
Washington:
Seattle...............................
Spokane..........................
Tacom a............................
The State..................
Per
cent
of
change
from
March
1934
241 +77.2
Pay rolls
April
1934
$11,747 +12. 0$16.». 05 + 8 .1
1,941 + 12.7 16.59 + 9 .8
-.4
16,861 + 5 .9 16.96
4,794 + 4 .1 13.98 +12.7
35,343
+ 8 .0 16.17
29.4
30.5
+ .7 62.1
- 4 . 7 62.
-7 .3
-5 .7
30.0
-2 .3
62.4
-3 .9
14,822 + 4 .3 19.22 + 5 .3
10, 065 + 31.8 25.74 + 8.
3,162 -3 9 .4 17.00 -1 6 .0
23.9
33.8
21.6
+ 4 .8 80.1
+ 3 .4 76.2
78.5
-.1
+ 5 .5
-7 .5
177
57
93
Wisconsin: A ll localities2.
104
614
+ .8
+ 5 .5 18.74
+ 3 .6 20.81
+ 4 .6
26.4
+ 3 .9 78.5
-.1
2,492 + 54.2 19.47
+ 8 .4
28.7
+ 9 .1
9.2
- .4
-3 .7
9.7
+ 8 .8 58.8
-5 .3
28,049
128 +42.2
26.2
Ct.
61.2 + 14 .2
58.1 + 3 .0
61.9 + 2 .0
58.1 + 10.9
-2 .9
21,548
327 1,348
-1 4
+ 7 .5
-3 .6
+ 3 .9
+ 7 .6
216 1,150 + 11.9
771 - 1 . 0
391 +21.1
186 -2 7 .9
26.1
28.8
26.7
24.1
60.8
-7 .4
-4 .7
+ 3 .9
+17.8
Average
hourly
earnings 1
+ 5 .1 74.8
8,327 - 3 . 8 18.26
13,221 + 12.2 19.05
46
11,469
-2 .9
1 Averages com puted from reports furnished b y 10,410 firms.
2 Data supplied b y cooperating State bureaus.
3 Data not available.
4 N o change.
* Less than Mo of 1 percent.
• Includes both Kansas City, M o., and Kansas C ity, Kans.
7 Includes Covington and Newport, K y .
8 Each separate area includes from 2 to 8 counties.
+ 5 .1
+•
128
Average
hours per
week per
man *
Per
Per
Per
Per
cent
cent N um cent
cent
of
of
of
of
April
ber
Apr.
change 1934 change April change 1934 change
from 1934 from
from
from
March
March
March
March
1934
1934
1934
1934
4,8X1 +78.6 19.!
West Virginia: W heeling.
62268—34------ i
Average
weekly
earnings
18.68
24
Trend of Employment in April 1934, by States
LUCTUATIONS in employment and pay-roll totals, in April
1934 as compared with March 1934, in certain industrial groups
are shown by States in the table following. These tabulations have
been prepared from data secured directly from reporting establish
ments and from information supplied by cooperating State agencies.
The combined total of all groups does not include building-construction data, information concerning which is shown by city and State
totals under the section “ Building construction.” In addition to the
combined total of all groups, the trend of employment and pay rolls
in the manufacturing, public utility, hotel, wholesale trade, retail
trade, bituminous-coal mining, crude-petroleum producing, quarrying
and nonmetallic mining, metalliferous mining, laundry, dyeing and
cleaning, and banks-brokerage-insurance-real estate groups is pre
sented. In this State compilation, the totals of the telephone and
telegraph, power and light, and electric-railroad operation groups have
been combined and are presented as one group— public utilities.
The percentages of change shown in the accompanying table, unless
otherwise noted, are unweighted; that is, the industries included in
the groups, and the groups comprising the total of all groups, have
not been weighted according to their relative importance in the com
bined totals.
The State totals for the anthracite-mining industry, which is con
fined entirely to the State of Pennsylvania, will be found in table 1,
nonmanufacturing industries.
When the identity of any reporting company would be disclosed by
the publication of a State total for any industrial group, figures for
the group do not appear in the separate industrial-group tabulation,
but are included in the State totals for “ all groups.” Data are not
presented for any industrial group when the representation in the
State covers less than three establishments.
F
25
C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S
IN M A R C H A N D A P R I L 1934, B Y S T A T E S
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State organizations]
Manufacturing
T otal—all groups
State
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
Per
N um Per
cent
ber on cent Am ount
age of of pay roll age of
pay
(1 week), change
roll, change
from
from
April March April 1934 March
1934
1934
1934
A la b a m a ________
566 71,573
Arizona...... ............
410 10,421
Arkansas................
1721 26,569
California________ 21,892 273,088
Colorado_________
824 32,749
Per
Per
N um
cent
N um ber
cent Amount
on age
of of pay roll age of
ber of
pay
estab
change (1 week), change
roll,
from
from
lish
April March April 1934 March
ments
1934
1934
1934
+ 1 .0
+ 2 .5
-.2
+ 2.3
+ 1 .6
$970,353
206,903
382,044
6,396,188
708,104
+ 1 .8
+ 3 .2
+ .2
-.8
+ 4 .3
239 52,923
2,351
56
303 17,634
1,081 155,780
172 13, 548
+ 1 .3 $722,549
+ 2 .4
45,407
-.7
222,681
3,458,430
+ 3 .4
+ 7 .0
296,869
+ 6 .1
+ 3 .2
- 1.2
+• 5
+11.3
1,203 171,019
+ .9
166 11, 209 + 1.1
602 34, 703 + 2 .7
750 33, 282 -1 1 .1
1,081 102, 287 - 1 . 5
3,406,064
230,122
805, 338
549, 962
1,441, 059
+ 1 .8
+ .1
+ 2 .9
- 8 .4
+ .9
713 149,880
8,128
65
3, 562
52
203 17, 240
350 82,989
+ .9 2,853,182
+ 1 .2
154,174
+ 2 .7
110,501
- 9 .7
256, 629
- 1 . 9 1, 065, 680
+ 2 .0
+. 4
+ 3 .4
-2 .8
+ .6
Idaho_____ ____
239
7, 564
Illinois______ ____ 3 3, 178 377,819
Indiana_____ _____ 1, 377 150,414
I o w a ............... ....... 1,197 50,274
Kansas— ............... 4 1,955 72,398
+ 4 .2
142, 962
+ 1 .7 8,161,353
+ 2 .7 3, 057, 779
972, 711
+ 2 .8
+ 2.4 ; 1,599,956
+ 4 .6
+2.1
+ 4 .7
+ 4 .1
+ 5 .0
2,856
45
1,465 233,442
648 117,410
442 29,134
487 30,191
+19.1
52, 797
+ 1 .9 4,779,279
+ 2 .4 2,393,800
+ 5 .8
569,003
+ 2 .7
627,193
+21.7
+ 3 .6
+ 5 .4
+ 8 .6
+ 2 .6
Kentucky________
987 74,151
Louisiana...............
498 36,826
591 50,970
M aine__ i ..............
M aryland-.............
1,599 111, 506
Massachusetts___ 4 8,166 422,427
+ 1 .2
+ 1 .7
+ 2 .2
+ 1 .8
+ .6
1,301,076
587,655
887,372
2,249,962
8,819,090
-2 .0
+ 1 .2
+ 1 .4
+ 2 .3
-.3
284 28, 579
226 23, 260
251 44,671
682 78,072
1,391 239,053
- 1 .4
504,238
+ 1 .0
319, 237
+ 1 .4
751, 504
5 +4*2 1,497,623
+ 1 .0 4,594,680
+ 1 .1
-.1
+• 5
8 + 5 .6
+ .2
M ichigan............
M innesota..........__
Mississippi........... .
Missouri.................
M ontana.................
2,364 447,054
1,182 72,854
386 11,808
1, 504 129,491
392 10,507
+ 4 .7 11, 383, 590
+ 2 .0 1,557,025
-.7
157, 227
+ 1 .5 2,645,677
253,855
+ .7
+ 7 .8
+ 5 .3
-1 .2
+ 1.1
- 2 .1
1,155 450,046
372 34,977
7,814
96
709 76, 321
2,516
73
+ 5 .2 11,273,087
+ 4 .2
703,686
-1 .7
96,940
+ 2 .2 1,474,169
-2 .5
57,879
+ 7 .3
+ 4 .8
-.1
+ 2 .0
-3 .0
Nebraska................
N e v a d a .................
N ew Hampshire. _
N ew Jersey............
N ew M exico..........
768 23,026
133
1,891
526 45,548
1,655 220,705
5,082
203
+ .4
+ 8 .5
+ 1 .0
-.1
+ 1 .5
+ 1 .4
+ 7 .7
+ ( 6)
+ .8
+ 1 .5
138 10,954
292
25
212 40,853
'727 205,660
335
27
+ .2
231,962
+ 10.2
7,330
+ .7
701,724
- . 2 4,382,444
+ 13.9
6,137
+. 5
+13.3
-.7
+ 1 .3
+ 9 .6
N ew Y ork ..............
N orth Carolina.
N orth Dakota.......
Ohio........................
Oklahoma............
8,180 626,024
956 143, 649
3,990
329
5,550 489, 231
929 33,114
+ 1 .2 15, 556,623
+ 1 .5 1,928, 565
82,524
+. 5
+ 3 .2 10,745,085
+ .3
649,070
+ . 8 81,868 384,562
+ 3 .9
585 136,658
+ 3 .1
52
948
+ 6 .7 2,225 366, 707
+ .7
159 11,534
+ 1.S 8,976,021
+ 1 .5 1,817,995
+ 2 .3
20,184
+ 3 .5 8,102,374
+ .3
209,100
+ 1.1
+ 3 .8
+ 9 .4
+ 8 .4
+ .9
O r e g o n --...............
Pennsylvania........
Rhode Island........
South Carolina___
South Dakota........
774 31,835
5,036 691, 769
905 63,170
478 69,232
267
6,087
+ 4 .1
671,499
- 1 .1 14, 604,172
1, 205, 721
- 1 .1
+ 1 .2
891,856
144, 223
+ 1.1
+ 4 .5
-5 .4
-.7
+ 1 .8
-.7
232 19,840
1,822 403,740
276 50,190
215 64,335
2,094
49
+ 6 .1
384,673
+ 1 .5 7, 646,821
- 1 .8
905,000
817,223
+ 1 .1
40,307
+ .1
+ 7 .9
+ 3 .4
-.8
+ 1 .8
-3 .3
Tennessee...............
Texas............... .......
Utah.......................
Verm ont........ ........
Virginia__________
808
960
339
406
1,353
76,196
77,370
11, 774
10,892
92,934
+ 2 .1
+ 1.1
+. 1
+ 1 .0
+ .5
1,175, 093
1,631,151
233,569
204,886
1, 554,005
+ 1 .3
+ 1 .8
+ 1 .8
+ 1.3
+ .3
311
572
107
137
455
58, 719
48, §15
3,907
6,188
69,622
+ 4 .5
868,837
957,158
+•■4
+ 6 .7
68,034
117,895
+ .1
+ .1 1,102,008
+ 4 .2
+ .3
+ 6 .5
+ 1 .9
09
Washington...........
1,171 58,053
912 119, 763
West Virginia____
W iscon sin ............. 91,053 156,839
W yom ing...............
200
5,805
+ 1 .7
-6 .7
+ 2 .2
-.9
1, 240,924
2,546,129
2,996,158
143, 571
+ 2 .6
- 2 .3
+2.1
+ 5 .2
362 32,998
201 51, 032
776 125,753
32
1,398
+ 3 .5
662, 511
+ 3 .7 1,084,443
8- . 6 2,373,655
+ 4 .7
37, 548
+ 5 .2
+11.1
5+ . 8
+ 8 .7
Connecticut_____
Delaware________
Dist. of Columbia.
F lo rid a __________
Georgia____ _____
494,662
46,518
806,564
4,946, 225
88,155
1 Includes automobile dealers and garages, and sand, gravel, and building stone.
2 Includes banks, insurance, and office employment.
3 Includes building and contracting.
4 Includes construction, municipal, agricultural, and office employment, amusement and recreation
professional, and transportation services.
5 Weighted percent of change.
6 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
7 Includes laundries.
8 Includes laundering and cleaning, but does not include food, canning, and preserving.
9 Includes construction but does not include hotels and restaurants, and public works.
26
C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S
IN M A R C H A N D A P R I L 1934, B Y S T A T E S —Continued
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by
cooperating State organizations]
Retail trade
Wholesale trade
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
Am ount
of pay roll
(1 week),
April 1934
4,156
-8 .3
-.1
(10)
+ 1 .9
+ 2 .9
$41,056
32,316
41,616
581,796
82,489
- 5 .9
+ 3 .2
+ 2 .9
-2 .2
+ 1 .8
4,956
618
12,247
3,121
4,870
+ 1 .9
+ 4 .6
+ 3 .1
-3 .9
-.3
99,441
11,992
251,889
57,038
79, 570
+ 2 .5
+ 1 .1
+ 4 .2
- 4 .2
+ 2 .2
59
782
199
119
886
784
85,752
7,172
3,657
8,822
- 1 4 .6
+ .8
+ 4 .5
+ 6 .2
+ 1 .4
11,941
728,114
127,076
64,320
148,558
-1 0 .5
+. 6
+ 3 .9
+ 5 .8
+ 2 .8
+ 1 .1
+ 1 .7
+ 1 .3
+ 1 .2
+ .1
88
25
68
544
4,105
3,950
3, 272
963
18,851
65,558
67, 200
+ 1 .0
47,628
+10.3
17,023
+ 1 .2
268,012
+ .8
+ . 9 1,268,824
+. 1
+ 1 .6
-.9
+ 8 .6
+ .2
54,885 . + 6 .5
138,150 + 2 .3
2,427
-.9
140,099 + 1 .9
7,480 + 9 .3
744
257
27
147
84
15,819
8,803
464
10,382
817
+• 7
- 3 .8
+ 6 .4
+ 3 .4
+ .5
327, 517
140,973
4,805
188,968
17, 203
+ 6 .2
+. 6
+ 2 .9
+ 3 .9
+ 1 .9
25,195
3,368
4,506
17,275
3,152
+ 5 .5
+ 5 .2
-.7
-.3
+ 3 .1
187
26
69
417
44
1,870
221
826
8,862
294
+ 3 .6
+11.1
- 2 .0
+ .6
- .7
34, 513
5,346
12, 607
195, 589
6,239
+ 1 .3
+12.4
- 1 .6
+• 7
+ 3 .4
+ .2
+ 6 .6
+. 5
+ 2 .2
-.3
359,383
4,279
6,117
133,825
21, 657
+ .8
+ 4 .5
+ 3 .8
+ 3 .0
+ 2 .8
4,109
161
13
1,788
219
92,003
1,230
295
41,270
3,418
+ 1 .6 2,072,103
16,826
-1 .0
4, 501
+ 6 .9
+ 3 .0
763,835
67,064
+ 5 .4
+ 3 .6
+ 2 .0
+ 6 .9
+ 7 .0
+ 8 .1
1, 278
3,414
766
239
96
+ 1 .9
-.1
-1 .3
+ 2 .1
+ 2 .1
33,988
90,439
19,250
5,492
2,580
+ 6 .3
-.3
-3 .0
+ .3
+ 9 .4
197
391
465
117
11
2,139
29,765
5,641
1,265
57
-.9
-6 .0
+ 2 .6
+. 4
-1 2 .3
44,861
588,779
105,196
14,888
980
+ 3 .3
+ .4
+ .6
+. 9
-1 0 .7
33
102
14
5
41
731
2,952
476
114
1,030
+ 3 .0
-.9
+ 1 .9
-5 .0
- 5 .1
14,026
72,501
12,103
2,682
25, 666
+ .9
- 4
- .6
+• 1
- 2 .8
72
77
66
38
476
3,998
7,027
543
479
5,684
-.8
+ 4 -0
+ 3 .4
+11.1
+ .1
65, 734
115,674
14,123
7,143
96,839
+ .5
+14
+ 19.1
+ 6 .2
+ 2 .3
101
28
47
8
2,267
574
2,224
63
+ 3 .4
+ 1 .8
—. 7
+ 3 .3
62,443
14,455
48,888
1,820
+ 5 .9
+ 5 .5
- 1.6
+ 6 .0
326
56
58
42
6,611
962
10,888
256
+ 3 .5
-1 .0
+11.2
-.8
122, 571
17,731
148,076
5,401
+ 3 .8
+ 5 .6
+ 7 .6
+ 1 .8
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
Per
cent
Amount
age of
of pay roll change
(1 week),
from
April 1934 March
1934
N um
N um
ber of ber on
pay
estab
roll,
lish
April
ments
1934
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
N um
ber on
Alabama.................
Arizona...................
Arkansas— ............
California...............
Colorado.................
13
23
88
105
24
522
237
1,818
5,786
683
+ 1 .6
+ .9
-.5
+ 1 .5
+ .1
Connecticut-.........
Delaware................
Dist. of Columbia.
Florida....................
Georgia...................
55
8
33
83
36
1,081
124
883
1,372
681
+ .5
- 5 .3
+ 3 .8
- 2 .6
-.9
30,858
2,618
26,998
32,381
17,810
- 1 .7
+ 1 .3
+ 5 .8
-1 .6
-1 .0
127
35
388
110
364
Id a h o...-.................
Illinois.....................
Indiana__________
Iow a........................
Kansas....................
11
198
75
38
168
144
5,267
1,838
1,223
2,755
+ 2 .1
+. 9
+ 6 .3
+ 3 .2
+ 1 .2
3,839
188,690
42,284
31, 541
68,850
+ .6
-.5
+ 4 .6
+ 8 .1
+ («)
K entucky...............
Louisiana................
M aine.....................
M aryland...............
Massachusetts___
23
26
18
199
777
446
636
458
2,947
15,044
+• 5
- 2 .3
-.9
+• 4
- 1.4
9,076
15,439
10,920
72,244
895,048
M ichigan................
M innesota-----------Mississippi.............
M issouri_________
M ontana.................
66
79
4
62
13
1,907
5,102
122
5,196
236
+ 1 .3
-3 .3
-2 .4
+ .3
+ 1 .7
Nebraska................
N evada........ ..........
N ew H am pshire..
N ew Jersey______
N ew M exico..........
33
7
14
22
6
945
105
164
624
92
+ 2 .9
+ 1 .9
-2 .4
-.8
+ 5 .7
N ew Y ork..............
N orth Carolina—
North Dakota____
Ohio........................
Oklahoma.......... . .
401
15
13
230
49
12, 254
194
214
5,246
945
Oregon....................
Pennsylvania____
Rhode Island........
South Carolina___
South Dakota........
45
131
39
16
7
Tennessee...............
Texas.......................
U tah........................
Verm ont.................
Virginia...................
Washington...........
W est Virginia........
W isconsin...............
W yom ing...............
State
HE
April
1934
$14,604 -1 1 .6
5.918 + 4 .8
82,584 + 1 .9
161,408 - 1 - 4
21,013 + 8 .2
v Less than Ho of 1 percent.
74
176
168
128
222
2,405
2,064
2,4U
26,484
*<*No change.
27
C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S
IN M A R C H A N D A P R I L 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State organizations]
Metalliferous mining
Quarrying and nometallic mining
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
State
Per
N um
ber on cent Amount
age of of pay roll
pay
roll, change
from (1 week),
April March April 1934
1934
1934
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
Alabama
_
Arizona.................
Arkansas_________
California________
C o lo ra d o............. .
17
3
9
54
5
693 - 3 . 7
42 - 2 . 3
208 -1 0 .3
1,141 + 8 .9
43 +43.3
$7,275 -1 1 .1
635 + 8 .0
2,849 - 6 .1
22,851 + 6 .3
453 +20.8
Connp.ct.icnt
Delaware________
Dist. of CnliimJSfft
Florida....................
Georgia__________
23
3
281 +47.9
58 - 6 .5
4,904 +93.4
1,013 + 8 .2
+ 2 .4
-.6
17
24
891
1,258
Idaho. __________
Illinois _________
Indiana .
Iowa_____________
K a n sa s__________
20
74
29
37
569 +19.8
1,495 +20.0
496 +33.3
+ .6
1,844
K entucky________
Louisiana________
M aine___________
M a r y l a n d ...____
Massachusetts___
39
12
12
9
19
991
446
559
231
397
M ichigan________
M innesota_______
Mississippi...........
M issouri_________
_________
52
23
9
49
7
1,484
244
152
1, 325
62
N ebraska. - _____
N evada__________
New Hampshire - New Jersey............
N ew M exico_____
11
131 +48.9
11
36
248 +140.8
569 +22.1
+10.5
-1 .1
+528.1
+44-4
+46.5
10,875
12,096
+ 9 .4
25,970
3, 779
+29.1
2,542
—23.6
18,927
+46.7
+37.8
M ontana 923
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
Amount
of pay roll
(1 week),
April 1934
9
21
3
35
13
1,440
2,686
395
2,689
1,084
+ 0 .7
+ 9 .7
+ 3 .9
+ 1 .5
+ .4
$21,020
64,353
6,148
68,251
30,094
-2 .9
+ 8 .2
+ 7 .2
-5 .0
+ 4 .0
10
2,134
+ 1 .8
45,811
—.7
17
1,286
+ 49.2
20,709
+82.2
38
32
4, 530
1,315
+ 2 .4
+21.3
77,235
25, 081
+15.7
+17.8
14
17
1,747
2,644
+ 4 .4
+ 2 .4
20,200
71, 746
+ 5 .2
—.5
15
607
+13.5
14,334
+ 5 .0
3
5
15
929
- 6 .2
+ 1 .4
354
17, 397
+ 11.0
+ 1 .3
+ 2 .6
-2 .2
10, 238 +30.1
22,942 +26.1
7,374 +33.6
-.5
24,893
12,096
6,077
11,863
8,215
8,450
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
N um
N um ber
on
ber of
pay
estab roll,
lish
April
ments
1934
+27.2
+ 4 .5
+821.0
+61.2
+61.7
+19.8
+17.3
- 3 .1
+49.5
+16.7
2,099 +107. 6
6,685 +236.9
10,149 +15.6
79
14
2,340 +48.5
439 - 8 . 7
46,001 +45.8
7,187 +15.6
137
16
3,401 +14.2
169 + 7 .0
54,610 +24.9
1,945 + 9 .3
32
1,239
+ .6
19,669
+ 4 .7
3
165
(10)
26
4,998 +23.7
595 + 1 .7
80, 272 +40.9
6
88
+ 76.0
1,592
+ 47.4
4
6
116 + 8 .4
59 +55.3
1,145 + 4 .3
918 +51.5
T en n essee.______
T e x a s __ __ TTt.ah .............
Vermont
Virginia _____ __
25
28
7
37
29
826 -3 5 .8
1,490 + 1.1
106 + 7 .1
2,038 + 2 .3
979 + 24.2
10,394 -3 7 .5
27,278 + 2 .8
1,607 - 5 . 2
36,609 + 1 .9
12,130 +29.8
4
295
+ 7 .3
6,323
+24.6
12
2,127
+ 3 .0
44,721
+ 2 .2
Washington __ __
W est Virginia........
12
20
W is m n s in
n
275 + 3 .0
882 + 11.1
289 +58.8
5, 522 +12.6
12,587 +25.4
8,489 +84.1
215
+ .9
4,758
+ 2 .9
N ew Y ork _
North Carolina
North Dakota
O h io .___________
Oklahoma________
O regn n
...
.....
.
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island____
South Carolina___
South Dakota
W yom ing________
10 N o change,
n N ot available.
00
28
C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S '
IN M A R C H A N D A P R IL 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State organizations]
Crude-petroleum producing
Bituminous-coal mining
State
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
Alabama. ...............
Arizona .................
Arkansas_________
California________
Colorado_________
Per
N um
ber on cent Amount
age of of pay roll
pay
roll, change
from (1 week),
April March April 1934
1934
1934
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
48
8,791
+ 2 .7
$83,481 -2 2 .5
46
3,651 —II. 9
53, 239 -1 5 .5
32
53
24
22
7, 778 - 9 . 0
-. 1
6,238
1,390 -3 5 .1
553 -6 8 .2
N um
N um ber on
ber of
pay
estab
roll,
lish
April
ments
1934
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
Per
cent
Amount age
of
of pay roll change
(1 week), from
April 1934 March
1934
8
41
487
8,790
+ 0 .4
+ 1 .8
$11,579
275,081
+ 2 .0
+ 3 .7
8
5
207
39
+ 2 .5
+ 2 .6
4,407
676
+ 1 .3
-2 .6
30
1,747
+ 2 .9
38, 451
+ 1 .9
5
7
241
247
-2 .8
-1 .6
3,260
7, 334
-1 0 .1
+26.1
47
+ 38 .2
989
+ 3 7 .6
Connecticut......... .
Delaware_________
Dist. of Colum bia.
Florida__________
Georgia__________
Idaho......................
Illin ois....................
Indiana__________
Iow a _____________
Kansas___________
K entucky________
Louisiana...... .........
M aine____________
M aryland. .............
Massachusetts___
146
M ichigan_________
M innesota..............
Mississippi_______
M issouri_________
M ontana................
3
17
11
Nebraska................
N evada__________
New Hampshire
New Jersey______
N ew Mexffco_____
14
n
28,324
+ 2 .8
122,199
119,209
14,178
10,480
-2 5 .7
-1 3 .0
—57. 2
—66.2
477,040
-7 .6
1,339 -1 1 .7
17,682 -3 8 .2
-6 .6
13,862 -2 7 .1
485 —66.7
841
-.9
4,987 —75. 4
17,354 + 5 .7
4
27,416
5
748
1, 739
—3.8
73
+14.1
1, 692
+ 11.3
340
+ 1 .5
7,427
+ 3 .4
6
64
60
5,948
- 1 .6
+ 2 .0
727
133,556
-8 .7
-1 .1
- 7 .5
21
807
-4 .4
19, 262
+ 5 .6
29,158 -3 5 .6
5,833 + 9 .0
18,817 -1 6 .3
S
6,488
+ .7
213,705
+ 7.S
9
412
+ 1 .7
8,161
- 9 .6
5
133
(10)
4,001
+ 4 .7
-4 .1
N ew Y ork ________
N orth Carolina
N orth Dakota____
O hio........ ................
Oklahoma________
Oregon___________
Pennsylvania........
Rhode Island_____
South Carolina
South Dakota____
8
81
15
466
Tennessee________
Texas____________
Utah........................
Verm ont_________
Virginia__________
W ashington______
W est Virginia........
Wisconsin________
W yom ing________
73,961
-.6
19
5
10
1,890 -3 1 .9
351 —1.7
972 -2 3 .8
24
4, 558
11
373
10 N o change.
507 - 9 . 0
+ .2
14,189
247 -6 0 .6
29
+ 1 .2
647 -5 2 .0
57,154 -1 5 .6
3,071
-4 .4
8,892 —7.7
239, 366 -2 1 .9
3,985 -4 2 .8
1,358,492
85,274
+ 3 .2
11,061 -5 8 .5
1,205,176 -1 2 .5
75,134
+ 4 .9
5
29
C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S
IN M A R C H A N D A P R I L 1934, B Y S T A T E S — Continued
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by
cooperating State organizations]
Public Utilities
State
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
N um Per
ber on cent Amount
age of of pay roll
pay
roll, change
from (1 week),
April March
April 1934
1934
1934
Hotels
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
Alabama.................
Arizona____ _____
Arkansas____ ____
California________
Colorado____ ____
88
67
86
47
198
1,775
1,443
2,167
44, 343
5,416
+ 2 .8
+ 2 .3
- 1 .2
+ 1 .0
-.6
Connecticut...........
Delaware________
Dist. of Columbia.
Florida___________
G eorgia.__________
130
28
21
157
186
9,616
1,092
8,992
4,485
6,678
_(6)
+ 1 .1
+ .9
-.5
+ 1 .2
294, 523
30, 364
251,076
113,217
182,457
- 1 .1
-2 .6
+ .5
-7 .0
+ 2.1
Idaho____________
Illinois___________
Indiana__________
Iow a. ___________
Kansas___________
56
82
135
421
13 H I
733
72,377
9,466
9,001
6,486
- 8 .0
+ .«
+ 2 .0
+• 6
+ 8.1
14,477
1,969,960
241,244
208,288
155,672
-8 .8
-.5
+ 7 .0
+ 2 .1
+ 9 .7
K entucky________
Louisiana________
M aine........ ...........
M arylan d..............
Massachusetts___
289
151
170
94
128
6,224
5,780
2, 745
12,283
46,592
+ 1 .0
+ 1 .1
- 1 .7
+ .5
+ .1
145,261
146,438
70,571
850.171
1,318,432
M ichigan________
M in n esota ............
Mississippi.............
Missouri.......... .......
M ontana_________
421
226
190
213
103
27,843
12, 233
1,734
20,445
2,032
+ .7
+ .3
+ 1 .6
+ .9
+ 1 .3
Nebraska................
N evada__________
New H am pshire..
N ew Jersey______
N ew M exico_____
301
37
140
265
54
5,681
397
2,243
21,411
619
+ 1 .3
+ 5 .0
-(• )
+ .5
+ 4 .4
N ew Y ork _______
North Carolina__
North Dakota
O hio. _____ _____
Oklahoma________
884 119,786
86
1,613
1,221
171
483 34,492
245
6,089
Oregon........... .........
Pennsylvania____
R hode Island____
South Carolina___
South D akota.
181
769
42
72
129
Tennessee________
Texas___ _________
U tah_____________
Verm ont_________
Virginia..................
W ashington______
W est Virginia____
W isconsin________
W yom ing...........
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
Amount
of pay roll
(1 week),
April 1934
1,364
882
/, 305
9,796
1,211
+ 4 .2
- 6 .5
+ 7 .8
+ 1 .5
+ .3
11,042
150,049
15,592
+ 4. 3
-5 .7
+ 2 .8
+ 1 .8
+ 2 .4
30
4
44
121
36
1,208
263
4,930
4, 223
1,776
-1 .3
- 1 .1
+ 5 .1
-3 3 .0
+ .8
15,971
3,564
72,687
43,065
15,458
+ 1 .5
- 2 .0
+ 5 .7
-4 1 .4
- 3 .9
20
67
60
88
362
14,261
3,135
2,893
848
+ .8
+ 2 .8
+ 7 .8
+ 1 .0
+ 2 .0
4,220
224,433
33,138
25, 984
9,153
-.4
+ 6 .8
+ 5. 2
-.4
+ 5 .3
+ .6
+ 2 .2
-3 .7
+• 1
- 3 .9
37
22
20
22
66
2,177
2,161
599
722
5 ,310
+ 11.0
+ .6
+• 7
-8 .5
-1 .3
21,433
24,152
7, 595
9,346
74,561
+10.2
+ 2 .4
-.6
-1 .2
+ 1 .6
830,349
333, 270
34, 324
542,212
56, 297
-.8
+ 5 .2
-6 .9
- 1 .2
- 9 .8
96
75
23
94
31
5,373
3, 382
888
5,319
518
+ 2 .3
+ 2 .5
+ 2 .7
+ 1 .9
+ 1 .0
70,814
40,845
7, 379
65,053
7,584
+ 2 .6
+ 2 ,0
+ 8 .1
+ .9
+ 2 .4
145,640
11,582
57, 710
610,632
13,064
+ 2 .2
+ 9 .3
- 1 .6
- 2 .7
+ 5 .1
48
17
12
89
23
1,704
188
288
4,440
630
- 9 .2
+ 1 .1
-3 .7
+ 13.2
+ 6 .1
17,911
2,769
3,462
53,755
6,494
- 7 .1
-2 .0
- 2 .1
+12.5
+ 9 .1
+• 1
+ 3 .0
+ .8
+ 1 .4
+ 2 .3
3,661,060 - 2 . 9
37, 763 +11.6
30,127 + 2 .9
945, 769 + 3 .7
138, 282
+ .1
186
39
20
141
63
24,924
1,947
336
9,175
1,616
-.5
+ 5 .3
+ 5 .7
+ 1 .1
-1 .3
403,844
17,862
3,376
116,040
17,181
-1 .7
+ 3 .8
+ 2 .1
-.1
-.4
5, 572
54,278
3,380
1,946
1,008
+ 1 .0
+ .2
-1 .8
+ 2. 5
+ 2 .6
144,758
1,555,928
94,875
38,024
24, 549
- 1 .9
+ 2 .2
- 4 .7
+ 1 .5
+ 1 .8
64
155
19
21
22
1,377
9,366
484
637
378
+ 1 .0
+ 1 .3
+ .4
+ 4 .3
+ .8
17,091
124,215
6, 568
5,652
4,468
-3 .8
+ .3
1
+ 7 .8
+ 1 .1
245
w
70
124
179
4,822
7,926
1, 770
1,119
5,953
+ 5 .0
+ 3 .7
-1 .3
- 1 .1
+ .5
107,140
204,883
37, 729
25,986
142,956
+• 1
+ 2 .3
+ 1 .0
-3 .5
- 2 .7
36
42
17
21
43
2 ,180
3,172
747
464
2,151
+ 2 .1
+ 1 .7
+ .3
+ 3 .6
+ 6 .0
18, 502
40,457
9,740
4, 620
22,015
+• 6
+ 3 .4
+ 1. 3
+ 2 .3
+ 4 .9
196
120
u 4l
48
9,848
6,079
10,668
454
+ 1 .4
+ .9
+ 1 .4
+ .7
272, 539
159,849
811,791
10, 789
+ 2 .0
+ .1
+3. 2
- 1 .3
85
37
2,692
1, 213
1,406
111
+ 3 .1
-.6
+ 3 .1
+ 3 .7
31, 268
12,975
(n)
1,559
+ .3
12 43
12 248
12
$11,996
11,445
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
23
22
47
180
55
• Less than Ho of 1 percent.
11 N ot available.
12 Includes restaurants.
18 Includes steam railways.
14 Includes railways and express.
$42,148 +10.4
-.9
33,808
46,476 + 1 .7
1,180,571 - 4 . 2
141,389 + 1 .9
N um N um
ber on
ber of
pay
estab
roll,
lish
April
m ents
1934
-.
-.2
+ 4 .8
30
C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S
IN M A R C H A N D A P R I L 1934 B Y S T A T E S — Continued
{Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued b y
cooperating State organizations]
Dyeing and cleaning
Laundries
State
A labam a...
Arizona___
A rkansas..
California..
C olorado...
N um
ber of
estab
lish
ments
18
11
28
^65
35
945
455
780
5,184
1,300
41
4
20
1,630
293
2,606
1,115
2,576
+ 1 .9
19
1*83
42
36
is 47
368
8,829
1,846
1,326
+2.8
42
1,930
496
577
1,855
4.791
Connecticut..........
Delaware...............
Dist. of Columbia.
F lorida. ...............
Georgia........ ..........
Idaho.
Illinois. _
Indiana .
Iowa___
K ansas..
Kentucky______
Louisiana...........
M aine..................
M aryland......... .
M assachusetts..
Per
N um
cent
ber on age
of A mount
of pay roll
pay
(1 week),
roll, change
from
April March April 1934
1934
1934
21
32
24
120
1,046
-4 .3
- 3 .0
+2.0
+ .5
+ .6
1.0
-
+3. 5
- 4 .9
2.1
+
+ 1 .9
+ 1 .6
+ 1 .7
+ 3 .5
+ 2 .5
+ 1 .9
+8.1
+1.8
+1.8
+2.2
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
$9,305 +11.3
6,386 - 2.0
-(« )
7,298
94,526
+ .2
16,998
2.1
207
49
116
+20.8
- 1 .4
(i(0
$2,528
839
1,357
252
+ 5 .9
4,555
26,884 + 3 .9
4,935
+• 1
40,296 + 4 .7
12,106 -1 0 .4
28,332 + 4 .3
293
63
121
185
202
+ 5 .4
+ 5 .0
+ 7 .1
+ 4 .5
+ 5 .8
6,448
1,167
2,415
2,625
2, 676
+13.1
531
183
+8.8
+10.2
9,251
3,244
+16. 5
+ 15 .2
427
174
132
256
2,088
+6.1
+12.8
+ 4 .5
+11.8
6, 324
2, 295
2,551
4,620
88,998
973
558
106
804
+ 13.9
8.8
+ 15.2
+ 8 .5
+ 7 .4
21, 534
10,030
1, 546
14, 377
1,174
+ 12.1
+ 11.5
+12.6
+8.8
+ 6 .9
5,422
+ 13.2
95
285
23
+20.3
+ 4 .0
1,612
7,051
372
+
5, 518
54,470
26, 526
18,836
18,847
+1.3
+8.6
+6.2
+ 4 .6
+ 8 .9
+6.1
24,650
5,172
8, 548
27,049
79,842
+ 6 .4
+ 3 .2
+ 2 .9
+ 8 .7
42,963
29, 510
3,043
38,094
8, 340
+ 7 .2
+ 3 .8
2.6
+ 3 .4
+ 4 .1
+ 1 .5
+ 4 .3
+ 3 .7
2.0
+ 3 .4
-3 .6
+ 2 .3
+ 3 .6
+ 4 .9
M ichigan.
Minnesota _
Mississippi..
Missouri___
M ontana___
58
47
11
50
19
2,853
Nebraska_______
N evada.................
New HampshireN ew Jersey..........
N ew M exico____
14
4
22
47
7
850
50
347
4,801
230
-.1
+ 4 .2
+ 1 .3
+ 3 .6
12,234
942
5, 017
87,449
3,224
New Y o r k ...........
N orth C arolin a..
North D akota___
Ohio.......................
Oklahoma_______
73
14
9
71
24
7,243
779
161
3,858
+ 2 .7
+ .4
-.6
+ 1 .3
+ 1 .2
118,271
8,658
2, 331
62, 701
12, 665
2,742
1, 224
422
205
+ .4
+. 9
+ 2 .9
+ .2
-.5
4,157
42,846
20, 713
4,443
2,876
+ 3 .2
+ 4 .8
+ 5 .4
65
1,706
385
154
+ 4 .9
+ 3 .8
+ 2 .9
-.5
-1 .5
166
539
120
75
541
+ 13.6
+ 2 .9
+10.2
-.3
235
228
+ 9 .3
+ 10.7
Oregon.................
P enn sylvania...
R hode Isla n d --.
South Carolina..
South D a kota ...
328
2.791
491
+ .9
+ 1 .5
+ 2 .9
+1.8
15
38
9
11
19
1,438
1,931
537
193
950
+ 5 .0
+ .6
+• 2
+ .3
13,872
23,168
7,889
2,420
11,098
16
15
is 28
7
656
567
977
135
-2 .5
+ 5. 2
+ 4 .2
+ 9 .8
11,825
7,781
is, ssr
2,432
Tennessee..
Texas.........
Utah...........
Verm ont—.
Virginia___
Washington___
W est V irginiaWisconsin.........
W yom ing........ .
1,888
• Less than Ho of 1 percent.
(10)
Per
cent
age of
change
from
M arch
1934
N um N um
ber of ber on
pay
estab
roll,
lish
April
ments
1934
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
+
+
+6.2
15
624
185
36
2,610
+ 3 .2
-
2.0
+ 2.8
+ S .0
+ 9 .1
i® No change.
+
(10)
+ 10.8
+ 3 .9
- 2 .7
+15.5
+ 4 .5
( 10 )
+ 11.9
+18.5
+ 5 .5
+ 3 .1
+ 7 .8
+(108.0
)
( 10 )
Am ount
of pay roll
(1 week)
April 1934
+1.8
- 5 .2
+ 7 .5
+10.1
+12.6
+ 11.9
+ 5 .8
+ 7 .5
+11.2
+ 9 .5
+ 18.2
+ 9 .9
+ 16.7
+ 29.6
+ 21.8
+ 9 .3
-3 .1
13,054
2, 391
571
48,928
3, 582
+24.9
+ 10.4
+ 2 .9
+ 27.0
+ 4 .8
1,279
33,615
7,169
1, 782
664
+21.1
2,087
9,096
2,365
1,102
+ 3 .2
+ 25.4
+ 9 .4
+12.0
+6.8
+12.2
+ 2 .4
+ 19.9
+ 5 .8
4, 710
3,479
+ 15.0
+ 14.8
412
+ 2 .7
1!SIncludes dyeing and cleaning.
31
C O M P A R IS O N OF E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN ID E N T IC A L E S T A B L IS H M E N T S
IN M A R C H A N D A P R IL 1934, B Y S T A T E S —Continued
[Figures in italics are not compiled b y the Bureau of Labor Statistics, but are taken from reports issued by
cooperating State organizations]
Banks, brokerage, insurance, and real estate
State
Number
Num ber
of estab on pay roll
lish
April 1934
ments
Percent
age of
change
from
March
1934
Am ount of
pay roll
(1 week)
April 1934
Percent
age of
of change
from
March
1934
Alabama...................................................................Arizona.............- ........................................................
Arkansas....................................................................
California........................................................... .......
Colorado.................................................. .................
24
27
20
1,136
35
508
212
250
23,409
1,394
+ 0 .8
+ 1 .4
+ 1 .2
-.6
+ .6
$14,391
5,796
6,181
772,765
44,966
+ 0 .7
+• 7
+ 3 .2
-.7
+ 1 .9
Connecticut..............................................................
Delaware— ..............................................................
District of Columbia...............................................
Florida................................. ................................... Georgia.......................................................................
69
16
39
20
41
2,074
570
1,362
650
1,257
+ .1
+ .2
+ .4
-1 .2
+ .6
73,853
20,295
49,476
22,026
36,980
+ .3
+• 3
+ 1 .0
- (8 )
+ .1
Idaho...................................... ...................................
Illinois.........................................................................
Indiana.......................................................................
16
91
46
16
K a n sa s.-.................................- ................................
16 40
148
10,918
1,244
971
878
+ .7
+• 1
+ 2 .1
+ .2
+ .7
3,680
388,893
41,633
29,943
29,946
- 1 .1
+• 1
+ 2 .7
-3 .5
+ 7.9
K entucky.................................................................
Louisiana....... ...........................................................
Maine.........................................................................
Maryland..................................................................
Massachusetts..........................................................
21
10
17
33
16 224
862
354
266
1,163
7,580
+ .9
-.8
+• 4
+ 2 .0
+ .8
30,498
13,883
6,797
38,746
226,750
+ .2
+ 3 .0
+ .2
+ 3 .2
+ 2 .8
M ichigan..................................................................
M innesota-............................................................ .
Mississippi...... .........................................................
Missouri.................. .................................................
M ontana...................................................................
121
53
16
111
22
4,218
4,352
200
4,676
245
-.7
+ 1 .9
-.5
+ .3
-.4
139,045
131,701
4,221
138,591
6,886
-.6
+ 15.2
-1 .6
+ .8
- 1 .0
Nebraska......................................... .........................
Nevada_______________________________________
N ew Hampshire.......................................................
N ew Jersey................................................................
N ew M exico______ ___________________________
21
583
+ 1 .9
19,686
+ 1 .4
40
131
13
484
12, 924
110
+ .8
+ .8
-.9
13,241
372,543
2,950
+13.1
+ 1 .4
-.4
N ew Y ork ......... .............................................. .........
North Carolina....................................... ................
North D a k o t a .......................................................
Ohio.......................................................... ..................
Oklahoma.......................................... ............. .........
746
28
38
298
27
55,226
604
269
8,223
667
-.5
+ 1 .9
+ .7
+. 6
(10)
1,973,488
15,604
6,387
276,910
20,384
+ 1 .8
+ .9
(10)
+ 2 .6
+ .5
Oregon................... ....................... .............................
Pennsylvania............................................................
Rhode Island............. ...............................................
South Carolina............................................ ............
South D akota_____________ __________________
32
748
30
11
31
1,181
22,616
1,070
118
234
+ .2
+ .1
-.2
-.8
(10)
38,505
706,615
46,440
3,207
5,806
+ .9
+ .6
+ 1 .9
-3 .7
+ .1
Tennessee___________________ _______________
Texas..........................................................................
U tah........................ ..........................................
Verm ont..................... ...............................................
Virginia.......................... ....................................... __
37
30
15
28
44
1,131
1,529
469
222
1,466
-.4
- .5
-.6
+ 1 .4
-.1
39,020
42,615
16,441
6,429
47,926
-.7
+ .4
-.9
+ .6
+ 1 .6
Washington...............................................................
W est Virginia..........................................................
W isconsin__ _________________________________
W yom ing—........... - ..................................................
47
44
17
12
1,706
660
912
114
-.2
-.3
+. 2
+ 2 .7
54,193
19,492
32,247
3,431
+. 5
(6)
+ 1 .7
+ .4
e Less than Ho of 1 percent.
10 N o change.
16 Does not include brokerage and real estate.
32
Employment and Pay Rolls in 1934 in Cities of Over
500,000 Population
LUCTUATIONS in employment and pay-roll totals in April
1934 as compared with March 1934 in 13 cities of the United
States having a population of 500,000 or over are presented in the
following table. These changes are computed from reports received
from identical establishments in each of the months considered.
In addition to including reports received from establishments in the
several industrial groups regularly covered in the survey of the Bureau
excluding building construction, reports have also been secured from
other establishments in these cities for inclusion in these totals.
Information concerning employment in building construction is not
available for all cities at this time and therefore has not been included.
F
F L U C T U A T IO N S IN E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P A Y R O L L S IN A P R I L 1934, A S C O M P A R E D
W IT H M A R C H 1934
Cities
Number of
establish
ments re
porting
in both
months
N ew Y ork C ity __________
Chicago, 111-------------------Philadelphia, Pa....... .........
Detroit, M ich ............ .........
Los Angeles, Calif_______
Cleveland, O hio............. .
St. Louis, M o .............. .......
Baltimore, M d __________
Boston, Mass____ _______
Pittsburgh, P a ___________
San Francisco, Calif_____
Buffalo, N .Y .................
M ilwaukee, W is_________
5,384
1,877
926
1,197
910
1,226
738
742
3, 227
507
1,187
440
506
Num ber on pay roll
March
1934
438,509
232, 312
176,913
277, 790
83,438
111, 162
87,197
74,148
131,505
103, 221
61, 308
56, 394
50, 574
April
1934
440,486
234, 519
176,928
294,341
86,921
112,484
90, 264
77, 651
132, 757
103,918
62,833
58,937
52, 351
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
Am ount of pay roll
(1 week)
March
1934
April
1934
+ 0 .5 $11,584,410 $11,573,148
5,695,524
+ 1 .0
5,636,126
4,012, 620
4,038,079
+0)
+ 6 .0
7,173,721
7,789,837
+ 4 .2
2,009,605
2,119,279
+ 1 .2
2,470,030
2,620,960
+ 3 .5
1,846,030
1,899,637
+ 4 .7
1,509,537
1,583,625
+ 1 .0
2,985,477
3,093,166
2,055,444
2,244,782
+• 7
+ 2 .5
1,480,584
1, 524,530
+ 4 .5
1, 254,643
1,352,346
+ 3 .5
1,059,574
1,106,164
Per
cent
age of
change
from
March
1934
- 0 .1
+ 1 .1
+ .6
+ 8 .6
+ 5 .5
+ 6 .1
+ 2 .9
+ 4 .9
+ 3 .6
+ 9 .2
+ 3 .0
+ 7 .8
+ 4 .4
i Less than Ho of 1 percent.
Employment and Pay Rolls in the Federal Service, April 1934
HERE was an increase of 20,549 employees on the pay rolls of
the executive departments of the United States Government
comparing April with March 1934. Comparing April with the corre
sponding month of last year, there was an increase of 75,380 employ
ees or 13.3 percent. The data shown in table 1 is collected by the
United States Civil Service Commission from various executive
departments and offices of the United States Government, and the
figures are tabulated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Table 1 shows the number of employees in the executive depart
ments of the Federal Government. Data for the District of Columbia
are shown separately. Approximately 13 percent of the workers in
the executive branches of the United States Government are located
in the city of Washington.
T
33
T
able
1.—E M P L O Y E E S IN T H E E X E C U T IV E S E R V IC E OF T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S A P R IL
1933 A N D M A R C H A N D A P R IL 1934
District of Columbia
Outside the District
Entire Service
Perma Tem po Total
rary i
nent
Perma Tem po
Total
rary i
nent
Item
Perma Tem po
nent
rary i
Total
Number of employees:
April 1933._____ _______
63,571
3,492 67,063 467,573 34, 092 501, 665 531,144 37, 584 568, 728
March 1934_____________
73,106
8,463 81,569 481,922 60,068 541,990 555, 028 68, 531 623, 559
75,512
April 1934_______ _______
8, 338 83,850 488, 362 71,896 560, 258 563,874 80,234 644,108
■Gain or loss:
April 1933-April 1934___ +11,941 +4,846 +16,787 +20,789 +37,804 +58, 593 +32,730 +42, 650 +75, 380
March 1934-April 1934... +2,406
-1 25 + 2, 281 +6,440 +11,828 +18, 268 + 8, 846 +11,703 +20, 549
Percent of change:
+18.8 +138.8 + 25.0
April 1933-April 1934
+ 4 .4 +110.9 +11.7
+ 6 .2 +113.5 +13.3
March 1934-April 1934. __
+ 3 .3
- 1 .5
+ 2 .8
+ 1 .3 +19.7
+ 3 .4
+ 1 .6 +17.1
+ 3 .3
Labor turn-over April 1934:
1,992
2,493
4,485 10,244 28,390 39, 234 12,236 30,883 43,119
Additions 2_ ___________
4,842 19,318 24,160
1,282
975
2, 257
Separations 2___________
5,817 20,600 26,417
Turn-over rate per 100.
15.26
2. 73
1.00
1.31
4. 38
1.04
29. 28
27.69
4.17
1 N ot including field employees of the Post Office Department.
2 N ot including employees transferred within the Governm ent service, as such transfers should not be
regarded as labor turn-over, or 3,847 employees not previously reported but not regarded as additions.
There were 83,850 employees working in the executive departments
in Washington, D.C., on April 30, 1934. This is an increase of 25
percent as compared with the same month of the previous year. The
increase in permanent employees, however, was only 18.8 percent.
The number of temporary employees more than doubled comparing
the two periods. Comparing April 1934 with March 1934 there was
an increase of 2.8 percent in total employment. Permanent em
ployees increased 3.3 percent, while the number of temporary employ
ees decreased 1.5 percent. This decrease in temporary employees,
however, was caused by the transfer of workers from a temporary to
a permanent status.
The monthly turn-over rate for employees of the executive depart
ments in the District of Columbia was 2.73. The rates for permanent
employees was only 1.31. The rate of turn-over among temporary
employees was exceedingly high, 15.26 being the April rate.
The number of employees in the executive departments outside of
the District of Columbia showed an increase of 11.7 percent, compar
ing April 1934 with April 1933. Comparing April with the previous
month, there was an increase of 1.3 percent in the number of perma
nent employees outside of the city of Washington, an increase of 19.7
percent in the number of temporary employees, and an increase of 3.4
percent in the total employment.
Table 2 shows employment in the executive departments of the
United States Government by months, January 1933 to April 1934,
inclusive.
34
T a ble 2 .—E M P L O Y M E N T
IN T H E E X E C U T IV E D E P A R T M E N T S OF T H E U N IT E D
S T A T E S B Y M O N T H S , 1933 A N D 1934,F O R D I S T R I C T OF C O L U M B IA , O U T S ID E D IS T R IC T
OF C O L U M B IA , A N D T O T A L S
M onth
District
of C o
lumbia
Outside
District
of C o
lumbia
66,800
66,802
67,557
67,063
66, 568
65, 774
66, 580
67,808
69,858
496,361
496,685
499,429
501,665
510,236
508,881
503,499
507,171
516,757
Total
1933
M onth
District
of Co
lumbia
Outside
District
of C o
lumbia
71,232
73,131
75,450
526,703
532,518
533, 220
597,935
605,649
608,670
78,045
79,913
81,569
83,850
530,094
531,839
441,990
560,258
608,139
611, 752
623,559
644,108
Total
1933—Continued
January...................
February....... ..........
M arch_____ _____ _
April________ ______
M ay i__----------------June 1......................
J u ly 1______ _____A ugu st1............ .......
S eptem ber»_______
563,161
563,487
566,986
568,728
576,804
574,655
570,079
574,979
586,615
October 1....... ..........
Novem ber 1—~........
December 1_______
1934
January 1__________
F ebruary»________
A pril.........................
1
i Revised.
There has been an increase of over 80,000 employees in the Federal
executive service since January 1933. The number of such employees
in the District of Columbia has increased but 17,000.
Table 3 shows the number of employees and amounts of payrolls
in the various branches of the United States Government during
March and April 1934.
T able 3 .— N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S IN T H E V A R IO U S
B R A N C H E S OF T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S G O V E R N M E N T , M A R C H A N D A P R I L 1934
Num ber of employees
Am ount of pay roll
Branch of service
M arch
April
March
April
Executive service_________________________________
M ilitary service_____ ____ ________________________
Judicial service____________________________________
Legislative service____ ____________________________
623,559
266,285
1,854
3,867
644,108 $85,438,869
266,923 19,050,158
1,904
443,505
3,865
928,368
$85,625,787
18,816,636
432,401
926,484
T otal........................................... ............................
895,565
916,800
105,801,308
105,860,900
There was a small increase in the number of employees in both the
military and judicial service comparing April with the previous
month. The legislative pay roll, however, showed two less em
ployees.
Table 4 shows the number of employees and the amounts of pay
rolls for all branches of the United States Government for the months
December 1933 to April 1934, inclusive.
35
T
4 .—N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S F O R A L L
B R A N C H E S OF T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S G O V E R N M E N T B Y M O N T H S , D E C E M B E R
1933 T O A P R I L 1934
able
Executive service
M ilitary service
M onth
Number
of em
ployees
Number
of em
ployees
Amount
of pay
roll
Legislative
service
Judicial service
N um
N um
ber of Amount ber of A mount
of pay
of pay
em
em
roll
roll
ployees
ployees
Amount
of pay
roll
1933
December_______________
608,670 $82, 594, 564
263,622 $17,656,909
1,872 $432,435
3,864 $886, 781
1934
January... ________ ____
February_____________ _
M a rch .. ............................
A pril___________________
608,139
611, 752
623, 559
644,108
262,942
263,464
266, 285
266,923
1,780 417,000
1, 742 1430,843
1,854 1443, 505
1,904 432,401
3,845
3,852
3,867
3,865
78,035,863
84,133,108
85,438,869
85,625, 787
18,499,516
19,532,832
19,050,158
18,816, 636
871,753
926,363
928, 368
926, 484
1 R evised.
Employment on Class I Steam Railroads in the United States
EPORTS of the Interstate Commerce Commission for class I
railroads show that the number of employees, exclusive of
executives and officials, increased from 987,011 on March 15, 1934, to
999,625 (preliminary) on April 15, 1934, or 1.3 percent. Data are
not yet available concerning total compensation of employees for
April 1934. The latest pay-roll information available shows an in
crease from $111,069,052 in February 1934 to $123,221,345 in March
1934, or 10.9 percent.
The monthly trend of employment from January 1923 to April
1934 on class I railroads— that is, all roads having operating revenues
of $1,000,000 or over— is shown by index numbers published in the
table following. These index numbers constructed by the Interstate
Commerce Commission, are based on the 3-year average, 1923-25 as
100.
R
T a ble
1.—IN D E X E S
OF E M P L O Y M E N T ON CLASS I S T E A M R AILR O AD S IN T H E
U N IT E D S T A T E S , J A N U A R Y 1923 TO A P R I L 1934
[3-year average 1923-25=100]
M onth
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
January..........................
February____________
M arch_________ _____
April_________________
M a y . ............................
June_________________
July— ...................
A u g u s t---------------------September....................
October______________
N ovem ber___________
December____________
98.4
98.6
100.4
101.9
104.8
107.1
108.2
109.2
107.7
107.1
105.0
99.1
96.7
96.9
97.3
98.8
99.1
97.9
98.0
98.9
99.6
100.7
98.9
96.0
95.5
95.3
95.1
96.5
97.7
98.5
99.3
99.5
99.7
100.4
98.9
96.9
95.6
95.8
96.5
98.6
100.0
101.3
102.6
102.4
102.5
103.1
101.0
98.0
95.2
95.0
95.6
97.1
99.1
100.7
100.7
99.2
98.8
98.5
95.5
91.7
89.1
88.7
89.7
91.5
94.4
95.8
95.4
95.5
95.1
95.2
92.7
89.5
88.0
88.6
89.8
91.9
94.6
95.8
96.3
97.1
96.5
96.6
92.8
88.5
86.1
85.2
85.3
86.7
88.3
86.3
84.5
83.5
82.0
80.2
76.9
74.8
73.5
72.6
72.7
73.4
73.8
72.7
72.3
71.0
69.2
67.6
64.4
62.5
61.1
60.2
60.5
59.9
59.6
57.7
56.3
54.9
55.7
56.9
55.8
54.7
53.0
52.7
51.5
51.8
52.5
53.6
55.4
56.8
57.7
57.4
55.8
54.0
54.1
54.6
55.9
56.6
104.0
98.2
97.8
99.8
97.3
92.7
93.1
83.3
70.6
57.8
54.4
i 55.3
Average________
1 Average for 4 months.
Source: Interstate Commerce Commission.
1934
36
Wage-Rate Changes in American Industries
Manufacturing Industries
HE following table presents information concerning wage-rate
adjustments occurring between March 15 and April 15, 1934, as
shown by reports received from manufacturing establishments
supplying employment data to this Bureau.
Based on these reports, the greatest number of employees affected by
wage-rate increases was in the blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling
mills industry in which 133,635 employees in 95 establishments
received increases in wage rates, averaging 10 percent. In the
automobile industry, 61 establishments reported wage-rate increases
averaging 9.9 percent and affecting 124,176 wage earners. In the
foundry and machine shops industry, 84 establishments reported
wage-rate increases. These increases averaged 8.3 percent and
affected 17,371 employees. Eight establishments in the hardware
industry reported increases in wage rates, averaging 9.7 percent and
affecting 16,184 workers. In the brass, bronze, and copper products,
8,845 workers were affected by increases in wage rates which averaged
8.3 percent, and 7,975 employees in the electrical machinery industry
received increases in wage rates averaging 10.3 percent. Over 5,000
employees in the steam and hot-water heating apparatus and steamfittings industry were affected by wage-rate increases which averaged
10 percent.
Other industries in which substantial numbers of employees re
ceived increases in wage rates and the number of employees affected,
together with average increases in rates, were: Cement, 4,720 em
ployees, average increase, 11 percent; cash registers, adding machines,
and calculating machines, 4,096 employees, average increase 9.8
percent; rayon and allied products, 4,081 employees, average increase
7.6 percent; wirework, 3,580 employees, average increase 9.7 percent;
structural and ornamental metal work, 3,405 employees, average
increase 10.2 percent; agricultural implements, 2,994 employees,
average increase, 11 percent; glass, 2,911 employees, average increase
10.5 percent; paper and pulp, 2,557 employees, average increase, 9.5
percent; chemicals, 2,524 employees, average increase, 10 percent;
woolen and worsted goods, 2,162 employees, average increase, 9.7
percent; paints and varnishes, 2,141 employees, average increase, 8.9
percent; book and job printing, 1,963 employees, average increase,
9.8 percent; confectionery, 1,426 employees, average increase, 10.3
percent; and stamped and enameled ware, 1,408 employees, average
increase, 11.3 percent. The remaining industries reported wage-rate
increases affecting less than 1,300 employees each.
Thirteen establishments in three manufacturing industries reported
decreases in wage rates between March 15 and April 15. Four
T
37
hundred and twenty-two employees were affected by these decreases
in rates, which averaged 6.8 percent.
T
able
1.—W A G E -R A T E C H A N G E S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S D U R IN G M O N T H
E N D IN G A P R . 15, 1934
Industry
All manufacturing industries..
Percentage of total........ .
Iron and steel and their products,
not including machinery:
B ast furnaces, steel works,
and rolling mills__________
Bolts, nuts, washers, and
rivets_____________________
Cast-iron pipe_______________
Cutlery (not including silver
and plated cutlery) and edge
tools______________________
Forgings, iron and steel_____
Hardware___________________
Plumbers’ supplies__________
Steam and hot-water heating
apparatus and steam fit
tings______ _____ _________
S t o v e s ...___________________
Structural and ornamental
m etalw ork._______________
Tin cans and other tinware___
Tools (not including edge
tools, machine tools, files,
and saws)_________________
Wire work___________________
Machinery, not including trans
portation equipment:
Agricultural implements____
Cash registers, adding ma
chines, and calculating ma
chines________________ ____
Electrical machinery, appa
ratus, and supplies________
Engines, turbines, tractors,
and water wheels--------------Foundry and machine-shop
products__________________
Machine tools.................... .......
Radios and phonographs____
Textile machinery and parts..
Typewriters and parts........ .
Transportation equipment:
Aircraft_____ _____ _______
Automobiles____ ___________
Cars, electric- and steamrailroad___________________
Locom otives________________
Shipbuilding________________
Railroad repair shops:
Electric railroad_____________
Steam railroad______________
Nonferrous metals and their
products:
Aluminum manufactures____
Brass, bronze, and copper
products__________________
Clocks and watches and timerecording devices__________
Jew elry.____ _______________
Lighting equipment-------------Silverware and plated ware. _.
Smelting and refining—cop
per, lead, and zinc_________
Stamped and enameled ware.
5 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
Estab
lish
ments
report
ing
Num ber of establish
ments reporting—
Total
number
of em
ployees
No
wagerate
20,884 3, 650,627
100.0
100.0
20,182
96.6
258,616
112
207
9,965
7,902
N um ber of employees
having—
No
Wagerate in rate de wagerate
creases creases changes
3.3
Wage- Wagerate in rate de
creases creases
13 3, 274,804 375,401
0.1
89.7
10.3
124,981 133,635
8, 704
6,893
1,261
1,009
16,184
54
160
82
97
82
13,408
8,872
38,517
8, 391
151
78
81
12, 783
8, 522
22,333
8,337
83
161
13,945
23,926
74
155
8, 458
22,792
5,487
1,134
64
17, 241
10, 702
181
63
13,836
10, 665
3,405
37
131
91
10, 651
9, 721
124
81
9, 507
6,141
1,144
3,580
14,433
75
11,439
2,994
625
29
16,058
11,962
4,096
351
117,373
313
109,398
7,975
102
27,866
98
26,780
1,086
1,350
144
42
78
12
146,084
18,358
33, 378
14,909
14,735
1,266
141
40
74
12
128,713
17.813
32,182
13,832
14,735
17,371
545
1,196
1,077
25
295
9,052
372, 702
25
234
52
11
103
13, 558
3, 224
31,586
49
11
100
12,261
3,224
31,355
1,297
332
521
18,392
78,814
329
521
18,148
78.814
244
9,052
248, 526 124,176
231
24
6, 578
24
6,578
208
41, 278
181
32,433
8,845
27
128
63
60
10,484
8,513
3,907
9, 739
27
128
62
10,484
8,513
3,898
9,635
9
104
39
93
13, 403
16, 250
12, 393
14,842
1,010
1,408
422
(0
38
T
able
1.—W A G E -R A T E C H A N G E S IN M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN D U S T R IE S D U R IN G M O N T H
E N D IN G A P R . 15, 1934—Continued
Industry
Lumber and allied piodacts:
Furniture___________________
Lumber:
M illw ork-----------------------------Sawmills________________
Turpentine and rosin________
Stone, clay, and glass products:
Brick, tile, and terra cotta ___
Cement-------------------------------Glass______________________ _
Marble, granite, slate, and
other products------------------Pottery_____________________
Textiles and their products:
Fabrics:
Carpets and rugs________
Cotton g o o d s ...................
Cotton small wares_____
Dyeing and finishing tex
tiles----------------------------Hats, fur-felt____________
Knit goods______________
Silk and rayon goods......
W oolen
and worsted
goods_________________
Wearing apparel:
Clothing, m en’s ............ .
Clothing, wom en’s______
Corsets and allied gar
ments_________________
M en ’s furnishings---------M illin ery.---------- ----------Shirts and collars_______
Leather and its manufactures:
Boots and shoes-------------------Leather______ ____ _________
Food and kindred products:
Baking_____________________
Beverages___________________
Butter______________________
Canning and preserving_____
Confectionery_____ _____ —
Flour_________ ______ ______
Ice cream___________________
Slaughtering and meat pack
ing------------------------------------Sugar, beet_________________
Sugar refining, cane_________
Tobacco manufactures:
Chewing and smoking tobac
co and snuff._________ _—
Cigars and cigarettes-----------Paper and printing:
Boxes, paper-----------------------Paper and pulp________ ____
Printing and publishing:
Book and jo b ____ ______
Newspapers and period
icals________ ____ _____
Chemicals and allied products:
Chemicals---------- ----------------Cottonseed—oil, cake, and
meal______________________
Druggists’ preparations_____
Explosives__________________
Fertilizers.._____ ___________
Paints and varnishes________
Petroleum refining__________
Rayon and allied products.. .
Soap________ ___ ___________
Rubber products:
R ubber boots and shoes_____
Rubber goods, other than
boots, shoes, tires, and
inner tubes_______________
R ubber tires and inner tubes.
Estab
Total
lish
ments number
of em
report ployees
ing
Number of establish
ments reporting—
Number of employees
having—
No
No
Wage- Wagewage- rate
in rate de wagerate
rate creases
creases changes
changes
W age- Wagerate in rate de
creases creases
546
52, 705
542
52, 587
118
605
643
40
27, 901
77, 520
2,944
601
638
39
27, 768
77, 032
2,929
133
488
15
659
119
178
21, 780
12,414
54, 044
655
96
172
21, 479
7,694
51,133
301
4, 720
2, 911
271
120
5, 561
21,092
270
119
5, 558
21,018
3
74
28
713
112
17,147
337, 727
12,049
28
712
110
17,147
337, 712
11,516
15
533
172
33
478
261
46,468
7,315
127, 213
52, 368
171
32
478
251
46, 466
7,297
127, 213
52, 074
238
59, 772
227
57, 610
535
674
81, 284
40,986
535
668
81, 284
40, 836
31
79
130
143
5,991
8, 402
8,298
22, 206
30
75
128
143
5,981
8,291
8,114
22, 206
10
111
369
163
126, 701
33,393
368
157
1
6
126, 362
32, 878
339
515
981
443
287
750
285
466
335
67,863
27, 349
4,250
47, 772
30,812
17, 727
8,997
967
431
284
737
282
457
325
14
12
3
12
3
9
10
66, 677
26,891
4, 216
47, 577
29, 386
16, 745
8,826
1,186
458
34
191
1,426
982
171
234
63
13
98, 691
3, 651
8,385
231
63
13
3
98, 448
3,651
8,385
243
32
190
10, 343
38, 866
32
189
10, 343
38, 786
355
439
28, 271
109,878
345
428
27, 380
107, 321
891
2,557
1,192
53, 780
1,160
51,817
1,963
568
59, 761
555
58,972
789
108
28,490
103
25,966
2, 524
105
68
32
188
339
154
24
115
3,345
9, 219
4,856
18, 511
17,874
59,336
35,820
17, 066
105
66
31
187
316
154
20
114
3,345
9,043
4,807
18,439
15, 733
59, 336
31, 739
17,064
7
11,906
7
11,906
104
41
28, 224
63, 772
95
39
27,348
63, 510
1
2,162
184
176
49
72
2,141
4,081
2
876
262
39
Nonmanufacturing Industries
D a t a concerning wage-rate changes occurring between March 15
and April 15, 1934, reported by cooperating establishments in 15 nonmanufacturing industries are presented in table 2.
Anthracite mining wTas the only industry in which no wage-rate
changes were reported. The outstanding wage-rate increase, aver
aging 18.2 percent and affecting 74,195 employees, was reported by
331 establishments in the bituminous-coal mining industry. Fiftyfour establishments in electric-railroad and motor-bus operation and
maintenance reported an average increase of 6.3 percent affecting
6,483 employees. Twenty-two metalliferous mines reported an
average increase of 15 percent affecting 3,681 employees. Reports
from 43 establishments in the telephone and telegraph industry re
ported an average increase of 6.7 percent affecting 1,739 workers.
Twenty establishments in the quarrying and nonmetallic mining
industry showed an average increase of 10 percent affecting 1,622
employees. The increases in w^age-rates in the remaining industries
affected less than 750 wrorkers each.
Decreases in w'age rates reported were negligible.
T a b le
3 .—W AGE-RATE C H A N G ES IN NONMANUFACTURING IN D U S T R IE S D U R IN G
M O N T H E N D IN G A PR . 15, 1934
Industrial group
Number of establish
Number of employees
ments reporting—
having—
Total
Estab
lish
number
of
ments
No
Wage- Wage- No wage- Wage- Wagereport employ wagerate
rate in rate de
rate in rate de
ing in
ees in
rate
April
April changes creases creases changes creases creases
April
April
April
April
April
1934
1934
April
1934
1934
1934
1934
1934
1934
Anthracite mining_____________
160
80,894
Percent of t o t a l __ __
100. 0
100.0
Bituminous-coal mining .
1,478
216, 767
Percent of total ___________
100.0
100.0
Metalliferous mining______ _ _
28,356
287
Percent of total
100. 0
100. 0
Quarrying and nonmetallic min
ing-. __________________
32, 629
1,186
Percent of total _.
100. 0
100. 0
29,220
Crude-petroleum producing __ _
271
Percent of total____________
100.0
100.0
Telephone and telegraph _
252, 216
8,239
Percent of total____________
100.0
100.0
Electric light and power and
manufactured gas____ _ _ . . . 3,074
240, 545
Percent of total _. .
100.0
100.0
Electric-railroad and motor-bus
542
131, 419
operation and maintenance._ _.
Percent of total__
100. 0
100. 0
84, 228
3,004
Wholesale trade. _ ________
100.0
Percent of total______ ______
100.0
Retail t r a d e .______
444, 267
19,413
Percent of t o t a l ___ ____
100. 0
100. 0
H o te ls._ __________ __ . . .
2,602
145, 583
Percent of total __ ________
100.0
100.0
________________ Laundries_____
1,352
71,358
Percent of total___ _________ 100.0
100.0
D yeing and cleaning___________
718
17, 365
Percent of total____________
100.0
100.0
Banks, brokerage, insurance, and
182, 312
real estate__________ _________ 4, 721
Percent of total.............. ........... 100.0
100.0
1 Less than Ho of 1 percent.
160
100.0
1,147
77.6
265
92.3
331
22.4
22
7. 7
80,894
100.0
142,572
65.8
24, 675
87.0
74,195
34.2
3,681
13.0
1,166
98.3
270
99.6
8,196
99.5
20
1. 7
1
0.4
43
0.5
31,007
95.0
29,169
99.8
250,477
99.3
1,622
5.0
51
0.2
1, 739
0.7
3,055
99.4
19
0.6
239,939
99.7
606
0.3
488
90.0
2,990
99.5
19,404
100.0
2, 594
99.7
1,346
99.6
711
99.0
54
10.0
13
0.4
124,936
95.1
83,958
99.7
443,541
99.8
145, 449
99.9
71, 210
99.8
16,984
97.8
6,483
4.9
260
0.3
726
0.2
105
0.1
141
0.2
381
2.2
181,916
99.8
394
0.2
4, 696
99.5
9
(0
1
0)
5
3
0. 2
0.1
1
5
0.4
7
0)
1.0
24
0.5
1
0)
10
(0
29
(0
7
(0
2
0)
40
Employment Created by the Public-Works Fund, April 1934
T
HERE were nearly 370,000 people working on construction
projects financed by the public-works fund during the month
ending April 15, 1934. This is an increase of more than 76,000, as
compared with March. These workers earned nearly $18,000,000
during the month of April.
Employment on Construction Projects, by Type of Project
T able 1 shows, by type of project, employment, pay rolls, and
man-hours of labor worked during the month of April 1934 on Federal
projects financed from public-works funds.
T a ble 1 .— E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y
R O LLS , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON F E D E R A L
P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC -W O R K S F U N D S , D U R IN G A P R IL 1934, B Y T Y P E
OF P R O J E C T
T ype of project
Building construction_________________
___
Public roads. ______ ____________
- . ___ _
R iver, harbor, and flood control______________
Streets and roads 2____________________________
Naval vessels_________________________________
Reclamation____________________ ____________
Forestry________________ __ ------------------------Water and s e w e r a g e . _______________
Miscellaneous_________
______________ T otal___________________________________
Number A mount of Number of Average
of wage
man-hours earnings
earners 1 pay roll i
worked 1 per hour1
Value of
material
orders
placed 1
27,973
181,209
39,213
10,001
8,715
11,994
15, 570
1,298
14,989
$1,426,583
6,972, 526
2,208,422
402, 794
893,820
1,271,331
769,297
60,429
725,720
2,048,991
14,144,981
3, 731,913
830,809
1,064,034
2,006,442
1,339,440
91, 561
1,201,345
$0.696
.493
.592
.485
.840
.634
.574
.660
.604
$3, 236,107
11, 000,000
3,418,434
326,424
3, 205,174
2, 545,119
564,989
90,015
1, 048,092
310,962
14,730,922
26,459,516
.557
25, 434, 354
1 Subject to revision.
2 Other than those reported b y the Bureau of Public Roads.
Federal projects are wholly financed from Public Works funds.
The work is done either by force account— that is, by labor hired
direct by the Government agency, or by contract, that is, awards
made to commercial firms by the Federal agencies.
There were over 310,000 workers on Federal P.W.A. construction
projects during the month ending April 15. Over 180,000 or 58
percent of the total employees were working under the jurisdiction of
the Bureau of Public Roads of the United States Department of
Agriculture; nearly 40,000 were working on river, harbor, and floodcontrol projects; more than 27,000 on building construction.
Workers on Federal projects drew approximately $15,000,000 for
their month’s pay. Public road workers were paid nearly $7,000,000
of this amount. These employees worked approximately 27,000,000
hours during the month of April and averaged 56 cents per hour.
Workers on naval vessels showed the highest hourly earnings,
averaging nearly 85 cents per hour. Workers on building construc
tion averaged 70 cents per hour, and workers on reclamation and
water and sewerage work averaged over 60 cents per hour.
41
Material orders valued at over $25,000,000 were placed by con
tractors and Government agencies doing force-account work. Pub
lic roads contractors purchased $11,000,000 worth of this material.
Table 2 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours of work
during April 1934, on non-Federal projects financed from Public Works
funds, by type of project.
T able 2 .—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON N O N F E D E R A L
P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC -W O R K S F U N D S D U R IN G A P R I L 1934, B Y T Y P E
OF PR O JE C T
T ype of project
Building construction._____ ___ _____________
Streets and roads_____________________________
Water and sewerage__________________________
Railroad construction__________________ _____
Miscellaneous________________
. . __
Total__________________________________
Num ber Amount of Num ber of Average
earnings
of wage
pay r o l l 1 man-hours
worked 1 per hour i
earners 1
Value of
material
orders
placed 1
10,100
6, 672
10, 560
12, 214
450
$545,618
232,324
490, 774
435,420
25,488
661,854
379,468
771, 797
881, 679
40,430
$0.824
.612
.636
.494
.630
$2,523,141
362,361
878, 772
14,900,814
48,968
39, 996
1, 729, 624
2, 735, 228
.632
18, 714,056
1 Subject to revision.
Non-Federal allotments when awarded to a State or political sub
division thereof are financed partly by Federal funds and partly by
local authorities. Usually the Public Works Administration makes
a direct grant of 30 percent of the total cost and in many cases will
loan the remaining 70 percent. When non-Federal allotments are
made to commercial firms, such as railroads, the allotment takes the
form of a loan which must be liquidated within a certain designated
period of time. Construction under non-Federal allotments is, for
the most part, limited to building construction, street and road work,
water and sewerage systems, and railroad construction.
The railroad work falls under two heads—first, construction such
as electrification, laying of rails and ties, repairs to railroad buildings,
etc.; second, the building or repairing of locomotives and passenger
and freight cars in railroad shops.
Railroad construction employment is included with other nonFederal construction in table 2. Employment in railroad shops is
shown in a separate table (see table 5, p. 43).
There were 40,000 employees working on construction projects
financed from non-Federal construction funds; more than 12,000
were employed by railroads receiving P.W.A. loans. The total weekly
wages paid non-Federal workers amounted to over $1,700,000.
Building-construction workers drew over $500,000 of this amount.
The average hourly earnings for all workers shown in table 2 was 63
cents per hour.
42
Workers on all types of construction except railroad drew over
cents per hour. The railroad workers drew slightly less than 5 0
cents per hour, while building-construction workers averaged over 8 0
cents per hour during the month.
Materials purchased for these construction projects totaled nearly
$ 1 9 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 and approximately 8 0 percent of this amount was
expended by railroads.
60
Employment on Construction Projects, by Geographic Divisions
T a b l e 3 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked dur
ing April 1 9 3 4 on Federal projects financed from public-works funds,
by geographic divisions.
T able 3 —E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y
P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M
G E O G R A P H IC D IV IS IO N
R O L L , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON F E D E R A L
P U B L IC -W O R K S FU N D S D U R IN G A P R I L 1934, B Y
W age e arners 1
Geographic division
Number W eekly
em
ployed average
ber Ox Average
Amount of Num
man-hours earnings
pay r o l l 1
worked 1 per hour i
11,877
19,139
24, 691
44, 623
46,995
32, 548
61,185
36, 081
27, 383
11,303
17, 545
23, 434
42,870
44, 556
31, 392
57, 899
35, 664
26, 381
$775,440
991, 293
1,112, 675
1, 744,848
2, 064, 606
1, 425,112
1,856,143
2, 590,168
1,887, 558
1,093,030
1, 548, 574
1, 757, 510
3, 426, 064
4, 034, 056
3, 008, 767
4,177,008
4,163, 827
2, 630, 348
$0,709
.640
.633
.509
.512
.474
.444
.622
.718
Total continental United States. 303, 522
Outside continental United States____
6, 440
291, 044
5,678
14, 447,851
283,071
25,839,182
620, 334
.559
.456
296, 722
14, 730,922
26, 459, 516
.557
N ew England________ __ _ ___ _____
M iddle Atlantic ____ _ __ _ _ . . ..
East North C e n t r a l.___ ____________
West North C entral.,
__________
South A tla n tic _____________________
East South Central____________ ______
W est South Central_________ _______
M ountain____________________________
Pacific_____ _____________________ ___
Grand total_______________
310,962
Value of
material
orders
placed 1
$948,963
1, 380,102
902, 313
1, 303,068
3, 644, 597
1, 662, 424
1,183,042
1, 807, 548
1,133, 689
2 24,
965, 746
468,608
25, 434, 354
1 Subject to revision.
2 Includes $11,000,000 estimated value of material orders placed for public-road projects which cannot
be charged to any specific geographic division.
More people were employed on Federal P.W.A. projects in the
West South Central than in any other geographic division, there being
more than 61,000 people employed in this division. More than 40,000
were on P.W.A. rolls in the West North Central and South Atlantic
States. Workers in the New England and Pacific States averaged
over 70 cents per hour; in the Middle Atlantic, East North Central,
and Mountain States, over 60 cents per hour; and in the East South
Central and West South Central the average hourly earnings were
less than 50 cents per hour.
Table 4 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked
during April 1934 on non-Federal projects financed from public-works
funds, by geographic divisions.
43
T a bl e 4 —E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON N O N -F E D E R A L
P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M
G E O G R A P H IC D IV IS IO N
P U B L IC -W O R K S
FU N DS
D U R IN G
A P R IL
Wage earners i
Geographic division
Number W eekly
em
average
ployed
Average
Amount of Num ber of earnings
man-hours per hour *
pay r o ll1
worked 1
1934, B Y
Value of
material
orders
placed 1
3, 539
2,432
8,118
6,133
6,838
1,033
1,664
3,183
6, 572
2,928
2,146
5,964
4,987
5,813
859
1, 363
2,672
5,937
$158,219
134,189
408,203
251, 435
318, 703
48, 219
72,115
94, 518
228, 517
251,110
200, 048
513,651
377,413
573,345
79,847
123, 929
176, 569
412, 599
$0.630
.671
.795
.666
.556
.604
.582
.535
.554
$2,301,626
4, 381, 948
2,910,893
3, 653, 774
1, 748, 957
1, 299,116
538, 086
901,645
930, 725
Total
Continental
United
States_____ __________________
Outside Continental United
States. _________ ___________
39, 512
32, 669
1, 714,118
2, 708, 511
.633
18,667, 770
484
354
15, 506
26, 717
.580
47, 286
Grand total. ............... ..................
39,996
33, 023
1, 729, 624
2, 735, 228
.632
18, 714, 056
N ew England______ _____ ___________
M iddle Atlantic— _____ ___ _________
East North C e n t r a l . ..........................
West North Central................................
South Atlantic. _ __________ _____ ___
East South Central____ _ __________
W est South Central__________________
M ountain______ ___________ ____ ____
Pacific_________ ____ ________________
1 Subject to revision.
There were over 8,000 employees working on non-Federal projects
in the East North Central States; in the West North Central, South
Atlantic, and in the Pacific States more than 6,000 were employed.
In no other geographic division were there as many as 4,000 em
ployed.
Hourly rates ranged from 53 cents in the Mountain and Pacific
States to 80 cents in the East North Central States.
Table 5 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked in
railroad shops, financed from public-works funds, during April 1934,
by geographic divisions.
5 .— E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D IN R A IL R O A D
SHOPS ON W O R K F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC -W O R K S F U N D S D U R IN G A P R IL 1934,
B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV IS IO N
T a bl e
Number
of wage
earners 1
Geographic division
New England____ ______________ __ ______
Middle A tlan tic.-. __ _________ __ __ __ _
East North Central_________
._ ________
West North Central____________ ______ _ __
South Atlantic___ _________ _______ ______ _
East South Central_______ __________ _ _ . . .
West South Central........ ......................................
M ountain___________________ ______ _______
Pacific_____ _____________________________ .
Total_________________________
1 Subject to revision.
... .
Amount
of pay
roll i
Value of
Number of Average
man-hours earnings material
orders
worked * per hour1 placed
1
1,204
4,971
1,926
474
1,848
1,371
2, 365
670
3, 447
$132, 653
371,186
120, 465
7, 417
189,463
81,940
137, 205
24, 503
206,856
196,449
607, 237
191, 064
12, 287
294, 379
129, 260
238, 261
40,322
343, 245
$0. 675
.611
.630
.604
.644
.634
.576
.608
.603
$1,061,739
3, 031, 701
827,531
58, 361
194, 430
1, 441, 482
247, 303
80, 374
290, 581
18, 276
1, 271, 688
2, 052, 504
.620
7, 233, 502
44
There were over 18,000 people working in railroad shops on work
financed by public-works funds during the month ending April 15.
This is an increase of 44 percent as compared with the previous
month. The average rate of pay for these workers was 62 cents per
hour. The rate was 60 cents or over in each geographic division,
with the exception of West South Central where the rate averaged over
57 cents. Workers in the New England States averaged 67.5 cents
per hour.
Table 6 shows expenditures for materials purchased during the
month ending April 15, by type of materials.
ta b le
6 .— M A T E R I A L S P U R C H A S E D D U R IN G M O N T H E N D I N G A P R .
P U B L I C -W O R K S P R O J E C T S , B Y T Y P E O F M A T E R I A L
15, 1934, F O R
T ype of material
Airplane parts___________________________________________________________________________
Am m unition____________________________________________________________________________
Awnings, tents, canvas, etc______________________________________________________________
Boat building, steel and wooden (small)______________ __________________________________
Bolts, nuts, washers, etc_________________________________________________________________
Carpets and rugs________________________________________________________________________
Cast iron pipe and fittings_______________________________________________________________
Cement_________________________________________________________________________________
Chemicals_______________________ - _______________________ ______________________________
Clay products____________________________________________________________________ _______
Coal_____________________________________________________________________________________
Compressed and liquified gases________ ______________________________________ ___________
Concrete products_______________________________________________________________________
Copper products_____________________________________________ __________________________
Cordage and twine_______ ______________________________________________________________
Cotton goods____________________________________________________________________________
Creosote_________________________________________________________________________________
Crushed stone___________________________________________________________________________
Doors, shutters, and window sash and frames, molding and trim, m etal__________________
Electrical machinery and supplies_______________________________________________________
Engines and turbines____________________________________________________________________
Explosives_____________________________________________________________________ _________
Forgings, iron and steel__________________________________________________________________
Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified____________________________
Fuel oil_________________________________________________________________________________
Furniture, including store and office fixtures_____________________________________________
Gasoline_________________________________________________________________________________
Glass____________________________________________________________________________________
Hardware, miscellaneous_____________________________________________________ ___________
Instruments, professional and scientific__________________________________________________
Lighting equipment_____________________________________________________________________
Locomotives, other than electric_________________________________________________________
Lubricating oils and greases_____________________________________________________________
Lumber and timber products____________________________________________________________
Machine tools___________________________________________________________________________
Marble, granite, slate and other stone products__________________________ _______________
Nails and spikes____________________ ____________________________________________________
Nonferrous-metal alloys; nonferrous-metal products, except aluminum, not elsewhere clas
sified---------------- ------- ------------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------ ------------------ ------Paints and varnishes____________________________________________________________________
Paving materials and mixtures__________________________________________________________
Planing-mill products___________________________________________________________________
Plumbing supplies---- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Pumps and pumping equipment--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Rail fastenings, excluding spikes_________________________________________________________
Rails, steel______________________________________________________________ ____ ___________
Railway cars, freight-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Railway cars, passenger____________ ____________________________________________________
Refrigerators and refrigerator cabinets, including mechanical refrigerators------------------------Roofing, built-up, and roll; asphalt shingles; roof coatings, other than paint----------------------Rubber goods--------------------- ------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sand and gravel_________________________________________________________________________
Sheet-metal work--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Smelting and refining lead------ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Springs, steel____________________________________________________________________________
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus---------------------------------------------------------------------------Steam and other packing pipe and boiler covering, and gaskets----------------------------------------Steel-works and rolling-mill products, other than steel rails, including structural and orna
mental metal w ork----- ---------- ------------------------------------------------ - ---------- --------------- ------------
Value of ma
terial orders
placed 1
$211, 238
12, 453
19, 770
47, 231
526, 424
15, 009
455,166
1, 264, 718
35, 531
426,879
44, 854
56,323
392,902
26, 341
13, 425
15, 231
22, 775
85, 604
691,462
3, 388,605
70, 751
93, 603
643,582
4, 730,991
210,936
28,136
151,803
29, 421
311,153
203, 296
116,866
931, 000
85,877
3, 395,811
136,598
401,386
190, 691
169, 606
203,144
297, 062
231, 570
437, 519
92,548
2,874, 917
7,6 9 1 ,0 5 0
9,826, 500
4,309, 700
14,645
132, 024
37,416
328,075
258,802
14,262
156, 494
152,563
63, 097
5,713,475
45
T
able
6 .—M A T E R IA L S P U R C H A S E D D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G A P R . 15, 1934, F O R
P U B L IC -W O R K S P R O J E C T S , B Y T Y P E OF M A T E R I A L —Continued
Value of ma
terial orders
placed i
T ype of material
Switches, railway. _____ ___________________ _______________ __________ ___ ________
Theatrical scenery and stage equipment
_
_ _ _ _ _
____
Tools, other than machine to o ls.______ ____________ _____ ____ ________________ .
_.
Upholstering materials, not elsewhere classified_________________ __________ _ _____
Wall plaster, wall board, insulating board, and floor composition_________________ ______
Waste _____ ________ _________________ _____ __ ________________ _____ ______ ___
Wire, drawn from purchased rods_________ ______- __________ ______________________
Wire work, not elsewhere classified-----------------------------------------------------------------------------___ ___ ______ ________ ___ ______
Wrought pipe, welded and heavy riveted______
Other ________________________________________________ _________________________
Public road projects 2_________ ___ ____________ ___ _ __ _____ _____ _____ ___ _
Total
_____ __________ ___________ _______ _______ ________ _ __________ __
$298,360
23, 621
99,959
35,805
85, 671
13, 359
369, 721
19, 274
16, 031
2,189, 750
11,000,000
66, 639, 862
1 Subject to revision.
2 N ot available b y type of material.
During the month ending April 15 material orders were placed
by contractors or by Government agencies doing force-account
work, to total over $66,000,000. It is estimated that the fabrica
tion of materials purchased during the month will create more than
149,000 man-months of labor. The above material orders include
$15,257,950 for the purchase of new equipment by railroads from
loans made by the Public Works Administration.
Table 7 shows data concerning employment and man-hours worked
during each of the 7 months elapsing since work started on con
struction projects financed from public-works funds.
T
7.—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D D U R IN G O C T O B E R
1933 TO A P R I L 1934, ON P R O J E C T S F IN A N C E D F R O M P U B L IC -W O R K S FU N D S , B Y
M ONTH
able
A mount of
Num ber of
wage earners1 pay rolls 1
M onth
Num ber of
man-hours
worked 1
Average Value of ma
earnings terial orders
per h ou r1
placed 1
1933
October __ _____________ . _ ___
N ovem ber____________________ _____
Decem ber____ __________ _________
114,098
254, 784
270,808
$7,006,680
14,458, 364
15, 724, 700
14,077,752
28,168,280
29,866, 297
$0.498
.513
.527
$22,005,920
24, 605,055
24,839,098
1934
J a n u a ry ... ________________________
February___________ _____________
M arch........... ............ ..................... .
_
A pril_____ _________________________
273,583
295, 722
292,696
369, 234
14,574,960
15,245,381
15,636, 545
17, 732, 234
27,658,591
28,938,177
29,171, 634
31, 247, 248
.527
.527
.536
.567
23, 522,929
24,562,311
69, 334, 754
66,639,862
100,378,864
189,127,979
T o t a l.._
___
_ _ _ _ _
255,509,929
1 Subject to revision.
There were over 80,000 more employees on P.W.A. construction
awards in April than in March. During the 7-month period em
ployees working on P.W.A. projects have earned over $100,000,000.
Material orders have been placed for over $255,000,000, and it
is estimated that the fabrication of this material will create more
than 597,000 man-months of labor.
46
Civil W orks Adm inistration
The Civil Works program was practically completed by the end of
April. There were less than 60,000 workers on the pay rolls of this
agency for the week ending April 26.
Table 8 shows the number of Civil Works Administration employees
on the pay rolls for the weeks ending March 29 and April 26.
T A B L E 8 .—N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S ON C IV IL W O R K S P R O J E C T S M A R . 29 A N D A P R . 26, 1934
N um ber of employees,
week ending—
Am ount of pay roll, week
ending—
Geographic division
Mar. 29
New England____________________________ ____
M iddle Atlantic_______________________________
East North Central___________ ____________ _
W est North Central____________ ________ . . .
South Atlantic____________ _____________ . _
East South C e n t r a l . _______________________
W est South Central_________________________ _
M ountain_____ _____________________ ________
Pacific________ _______________________________
T otal___________________________________
Percent of c h a n g e _____ _________ ___________
Mar. 29
Apr. 26
A pr. 26
139,445
558,939
442,517
171,334
168, 264
106,654
173,035
57,815
117,696
4,901
9,818
9,325
4,634
11,460
4, 610
4, 265
2, 521
4, 630
$2,000,017
8, 206, 762
6,896, 610
2,160, 633
1,914, 362
1,156,151
1,884, 779
976, 381
1, 770, 753
$87, 336
197, 736
229, 076
99, 641
210,922
91,436
76,091
54, 855
91,612
1,935,69^
56,164
-9 7 .1
$26, 966,448
1,138, 705
- 9 5 .8
There was a rapid depletion of the forces of the Civil Works Ad
ministration during the month of April, a decrease of 97.1 percent
occuring over the 4-week period ending April 26. The Emergency
Work program is just getting under way.
Table 9 shows the number of employees and the amount of pay
rolls for workers on the Emergency Work program for the week
ending April 26, 1934.
T able
9 —N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D A M O U N T S OF P A Y R O L L S F O R W O R K E R S
ON E M E R G E N C Y -W O R K P R O G R A M , W E E K E N D IN G A P R . 26, 1934.
Geographic division
New England. __ ___
M iddle A tlantic_________
East North Central______
Wcol INOr III vtJDlial-------South Atlantic
East South C e n tra l-____
Num ber of
employees
Amount of
pay roll
83,335
3 1 0 , 5J>5
119,457
90, 218
92,370
6,095
$818,015
4,9 40,1 67
1,0 22,4 56
768,133
765, 516
42,224
Geographic division
Num ber of Amount of
pay roll
employees
West South Central
__
M ountain . ____________
Pacific.
____________
63,917
24, 435
11,767
$544, 990
327,470
143,143
T otal______________
802,159
9, 372,114
Em ergency Conservation W ork
T here were nearly 315,000 workers on the rolls of the Emergency
Conservation Work during the month ending April 30. Pay rolls for
these workers totaled over $13,000,000.
Table 10 shows the employment and pay rolls for Emergency Con
servation Work during the months of March and April 1934, by type
of worker.
47
T a b le
1 0 .— E M P L O Y M E N T
A N D P A Y R O LLS IN T H E E M E R G E N C Y C O N S E R V A T IO N
W O R K , M A R C H A N D A P R IL 1934
Number of employees
Amount of pay rolls
March
March
Group
April
April
Enrolled personnel________ . ________________
Reserve officers__________________________ ____
Educational supervisors_______________________
___________
Supervisory and technical12.
220,249
4,846
654
3 22,195
282,756
5,587
1,024
« 25,119
$6,878,370
1,181,077
100,933
3 2, 646,590
$8,830,470
1, 266, 399
173,198
* 2,937,138
T otal___________________________________
247,944
314, 486
10,806,970
13, 207, 205
1 Includes carpenters, electricians, and laborers.
2 Included in executive service table.
3 Revised.
< Subject to revision.
Information concerning employment and pay rolls for the Emer
gency Conservation Work is collected by the Bureau of Labor Sta
tistics from the War Department, Department of Agriculture, Treas
ury Department, and the Department of the Interior. The pay of
the enrolled personnel is figured as follows: 5 percent of these workers
are paid $45 per month, an additional 8 percent are paid $36 per
month, and the remaining 87 percent are paid $30 per month. The
supervisor and technical employees include carpenters, electricians,
and laborers previously shown separately.
The month of April started a new recruiting period and, therefore,
this accounts for the large increase in the number of enrolled personnel,
the forces being at a low point during March.
Table 11 shows the monthly totals of employees and pay rolls of
the Emergency Conservation Work from the inception of the work
in May 1933 to April 1934.
T a b l e
1 1 .—M O N T H L Y T O T A L S OF E M P L O Y E E S A N D P A Y R O L L S IN T H E E M E R G E N C Y
C O N S E R V A T IO N W O R K F R O M M A Y 1933 T O A P R IL 1934
M onth
Number
of em
ployees
Amount of
pay roll
1933
M a v __________ _____- --June__
. ____ __________
JlllV- __________________
August __ _______________
September. _ ____________
O ctob er..
__ ______
N ovem b er.. . . . ______ __
191,380
283, 481
316,109
307,100
242,968
294,861
344, 273
$6, 388, 760
9,876, 780
11,482, 262
11,604,401
9, 759, 628
12,311,033
14, 554, 695
i Revised.
M onth
Number
of em
ployees
Amount of
pay roll
1933—Continued
December_________________
321, 701
$12,951,042
1934
331,433
January___________________
February.. . ______ ______ i 321,631
M a r c h .. .___ ______________ 1 247,944
A pril______________________ 2 314, 486
13, 577, 695
i 13,072, 768
1 10,806,970
2 13, 207, 205
2 Subject to revision.
Employment on Public Roads (Other than Public Works)
HE following tables show the number of employees exclusive of
those paid from the public-works fund on the pay rolls of Federal
and State Governments engaged in building and maintaining roads
during the months of March and April 1934.
T
48
T
1 .— N U M B E R
OF E M P L O Y E E S E N G A G E D IN T H E C O N S T R U C T IO N A N D
M A IN T E N A N C E OF P U B L IC R O A D S , S T A T E , A N D F E D E R A L , D U R IN G M A R C H A N D
A P R I L 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV IS IO N i
able
State
Federal
Geographic division
New England______________
M iddle Atlantic-----------------East North Central________
West North Central..............
South Atlantic__________ _
East South Central________
W est South Central____ ____
M ountain---------------------------Pacific_____________________
T otal________________
Percent of change _______
N um ber of em
ployees
Amount of pay
rolls
Num ber of em
ployees
Amount of pay
rolls
March
March
March
March
April
10
19
219
102
286
145
292
253
70
6
78
298
110
251
136
264
361
428
1,396
1, 932
+38.4
April
April
April
$423
3,405
15, 645
5,854
6,895
4, 471
15,082
22,896
33,158
13,968
39,737
18,426
13,281
30,496
10,904
11,061
4,051
10, 205
7, 771 $800,474 $465,985
43,483 1,984,939 2, 231, 45fr
19,932 1,061,891 1, 066, 241
14, 339
755,478
768, 091
34,345 1,134,178 1,228, 997
332,835
666, 361
10, 729
736,422
745, 272
11,118
444, 593
342,118
5,601
841,430
790, 654
10,230
101,191 107,829
+ 6 .6
152,129
157, 548 7, 989, 765 8, 407, 644
+5.2:
+ 3 .6
$969
1,417
17,900
7,052
19,104
5, 322
23,418
20, 213
5,796
i Excluding employment furnished b y projects financed from public-works fund.
The Federal Government has practically exhausted its State-aid
road appropriation. During the month of March there were less than
1,500 employees engaged in this work, and during April fewer than
2,000. In contrast, there were more than 180,000 workers engaged in
public-road work financed from the Public Works fund (see table 1,
p. 40). The number of workers employed by State Governments for
road work increased 3.6 percent comparing April with March. Dis
bursements for pay rolls increased 5.2 percent. During April more
than 85 percent of the State road workers were engaged in maintenance
work and less than 15 percent in new road construction.
Table 2 shows the number of employees engaged in the construction
and maintenance of State and Federal public roads, by months, Janu
ary to April 1934.
T
2 . — N U M B E R OF E M P L O Y E E S E N G A G E D
N C O N S T R U C T IO N A N D M A I N T E
N A N C E OF P U B L IC R O A D S , S T A T E A N D F E D E R A L , J A N U A R Y T O A P R I L 1934 i
able
Number of employees working on—
State roads
M onth
Federal roads
New
J an u a ry---------------------------------------- _---------------February_____________________________________
M arch______________________________ ____ ____
April______ . ____________________ ____ ______
7,633
2,382
1,396
1,932
25, 345
22,311
19,985
21, 510
Maintenance
136,440
126,904
132,144
136, 038
Total
161,785
149,215
152,129
157,548
i Excluding employment furnished b y projects financed from the public-works fund.
Employment on Construction Projects Financed by the
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
T
HE Self-Liquidating Division of the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation has made loans to municipalities, counties, State
governments, and in some cases, to private companies to finance
49
construction projects. These projects must all be self liquidating.
The loans made by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation for this
purpose amounted to over $207,000,000. Construction has started
on projects estimated to cost over $190,000,000.
Table 1 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed by the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation, by type of project.
T
1 — E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O LLS , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON P R O JE C T S
F IN A N C E D B Y T H E S E L F -L IQ U ID A T IN G D IV IS IO N OF T H E R E C O N S T R U C T IO N
F IN A N C E C O R P O R A T IO N D U R IN G A P R I L 1934, B Y T Y P E OF P R O J E C T
able
Number
of wage
earners
Type of project
of
Amount of Number
man-hours
pay roll
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
material
purchased
Building construction
. ______________
Bridges_______________________ ________ ._
Reclamation__________________ _ ______
Water and sewerage______________________
Miscellaneous____________________________
1,069
7, 269
3, 259
5, 068
1,978
$99, 224
434,035
195, 011
593,425
197, 509
93,622
578,117
447,462
891,851
290, 219
$1.06
.751
.436
.665
.681
$159,751
910,909
140,494
654,285
442,040
T ota l._____ __________ _______
18,643
$1, 519, 204
2,301, 271
.660
2, 307,479
___
There were more than 18,500 persons employed at the sites of the
construction projects for the month ending April 15, 1934. Over
7,000 were employed on bridges and more than 5,000 on water and
sewerage system. The pay roll of these workers amounted to over
$1,500,000. They worked over 2,000,000 hours and averaged 66
cents per hour.
Workers on building construction averaged over $1 per hour, and
bridge workers averaged 75 cents per hour.
Purchase orders were placed for materials valued at over $2,000,000
by contractors working on these projects.
Table 2 shows employment, pay rolls, and man-hours worked on
construction projects financed by the Self-Liquidating Division of the
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, by geographic divisions.
2 .—E M P L O Y M E N T , P A Y R O L L S , A N D M A N -H O U R S W O R K E D ON P R O JE C T S
F IN A N C E D B Y T H E S E L F -L IQ U ID A T IN G D IV IS IO N OF T H E R E C O N S T R U C T IO N
F IN A N C E C O R P O R A T IO N D U R IN G A P R I L 1934, B Y G E O G R A P H IC D IV ISIO N S
T able
Geographic division
N ew England___________________ ________
M iddle Atlantic.
_______ _____________
East North Central_______________________
West North Central________ ____ ________
South Atlantic______________ _____ ______
East South Central_______________________
West South C entral.. ___ ____
_______
M ountain. _____ ____________ __________
Pacific____________ ______________________
Total______________ ______ _________
Number of Amount of Number of
wage
man-hours
pay roll
earners
worked
Average
earnings
per hour
Value of
materials
purchased
0
2,023
190
142
887
237
2,315
3,405
9,444
0
$165,620
16, 230
11,527
37,194
6,103
132,925
207, 515
942,090
0
174,494
15,761
18,955
87,425
17,240
211,917
460,899
1, 314,580
0
$0.949
1.030
.608
.425
.354
.627
.450
.717
0
$284, 270
35,424
40,844
42,455
4,092
192,020
158,463
1,549,911
18, 643
1,519,204
2,301, 271
.660
2, 307,479
50
Over half the construction workers employed by funds advanced
from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation were working in the
Pacific States. The largest project for which funds have been ad
vanced by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation is the San
Francisco-0akland Bridge. The largest number of employees in the
Pacific States include the workers on this project.
Hourly earnings ranged from 35 cents in the East South Central
States to $1.03 in the East North Central States.
Table 3 shows, by types, the material purchased by contractors
working on construction projects financed by the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation.
T a b i e 3 — M A T E R IA L S
P U R C H A S E D D U R IN G M O N T H E N D IN G A P R . 15, 1934, F O R
P R O JE C T S F IN A N C E D B Y T H E S E L F -L IQ U lD A T IN G D IV IS IO N OF T H E R E C O N
S T R U C T IO N F IN A N C E C O R P O R A T IO N , B Y T Y P E OF M A T E R I A L
T ype of material
Cast-iron pipe and fittings______________________ _ ___________ _______ ___ ______________
Cement____________________ _________________ __________ _ ____________ __________
Clay products___________________ _____ _ ___________________________________________ _____
Coal_________________________ _______ _ _____________________ ________ _________ ________ _
Compressed and liquified gas________________ _________________________ _______ ________
Concrete products____________________ ____ ______________________________________________
Cordage and tw ine_______________________________________________________ . _ ______
Doors, shutters, and window sash and frames, molding and trim, metal________________. . .
Electrical machinery and supplies._____ _____ _______ _______ ___________________________
Explosives________ _____ _____________________ ____ ______________ ____________ _________ _
Foundry and machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified_______________ ____________
Fuel oil______________ ________ _______________________ _______ ____________ ______________
Gasoline_____ __________________________ ______ _ ____________________ _______ ____________
Hardware, miscellaneous_____ _______________ __________ ___________ ___________________
Lubricating oil and greases_____ _____________________________ _____ ___________________
Lumber and timber products........... ......................................... ................... ......................... ..........
Marble, granite, slate, and other stone products__________________ ____ ___________________
M otor vehicles (auto trucks)______________________________ ____ ____________________ ____
Nails and spikes___________________________________________________________ ______ ______
Plumbing supplies_____________________________________ ____ ________________ __________
Sand and gravel________________________________________________ ___________
Steam and hot-water heating apparatus________________________________________ __________
Steel-works and rolling-mill products, including structural and ornamental metal w ork___
Tools, other than machine tools_______________________________________________________ _
Wall plaster, wall board, insulating board, and floor com position.............................................
Wire, drawn from purchased rods..... ............................................. ..................................................
Wirework, not elsewhere classified______ _________________________________________________
Other................................................................................................................................... ...................
Total............... ....................... ................................ .....................................................................
Value of ma
terials
purchased
$92,861
163,374
3,226
1,926
5,390
206,821
1, 506
6,422
103,041
82,189
159,450
17,183
16,471
192,432
5, 265
183,130
11, 792
66,366
2,046
11,328
51,242
5, 012
848,391
18,032
3,263
18,591
6,146
24, 583
2,307,479
Orders for steel works and rolling mill projects amounted to over
$800,000. The value of orders placed for concrete products totaled
over $200,000. It is estimated that 6,000 man-months of labor were
created in fabricating this material.
o
@FedFRASER