Full text of Employment and Earnings : October 1994
The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
October 1994
In this issue: Third quarter 1994
averages for household
survey data
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Robert B. Reich, Secretary
October 1994
Vol.41 No. 10
BURB:AU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner
Calendar of Features
E & E - Employment and Earnings (ISSN 0013-6840), is
prepared in the Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications and Special Studies. The data are collected by the
Bureau of the Census (Department of Commerce) and
State employment security agencies, in cooperation with
the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief description of the
cooperative statistical programs of the BLS with these
agencies is presented in the Explanatory Notes. The State
agencies are listed on the inside back cover.
In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.
Employment and Earnings may be ordered from: New
Orders, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954,
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. Phone (202) 512-2168. Subscription price per year $29 domestic and $36.50 foreign.
Single copy $14 domestic and $17.50 foreign. Prices are
subject to change by the U.S. Government Printing
Office.
Correspondence concerning subscriptions, including address changes and missing issues, should be sent to the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Phone (202)
512-2303. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Employment and Earnings, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Communications on material in this publication should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and Earnings,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC 20212. Specific questions concerning the data in this publication
should be directed as follows: Household data, (202)
606-6373 or 6378; national establishment data, 606-6555;
State and area establishment data, 606-6559; and State
and area labor force data, 606-6392.
Second class postage paid at Washington, DC, and at
additional mailing addresses.
Information in this publication will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone
(202) 606-STAT; TDD phone: (202) 606-5897; TDD
message referral phone: 1-800-326-2577.
Material in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without
permission.
Household data
Annual averages
Jan.
Union affiliation
Jan.
Earnings by detailed occupation
Jan.
Employee absences
Jan.
Revised seasonally adjusted series
Jan.
Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data,
persons of Hispanic origin, Vietnam-era
veterans and nonveterans, and weekly
earnings data.
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.
Establishment data
National annual averages:
Industry divisions (preliminary)
Jan.
Industry detail
Mar., June
Women employees
Mar., June
National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and
new seasonal adjustment factors
June
Revised historical national data
Bulletin1
State and area annual revisions
March
State and area annual averages
May
Area definitions
May
State and area labor force data
Annual revisions
Annual averages
1 A new bulletin is forthcoming.
March
May
Employment and Earnings
Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Eugene H. Becker
Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Contents to the explanatory notes and estimates of error
Employment and unemployment developments, September 1994
Summary tables and charts
Explanatory notes and estimates of error
Index to statistical tables
2
5
6
8
157
197
Statistical tables
uKxLoKjiiaii
Source
Household data
Establishment data:
Employment:
National
State
Area
Hours and earnings:
National
State and area
Local area labor force data:
Regional
State
Area
Household data:
Quarterly averages
Historical
^ wiT
Not
seasonally
adjusted
10
12
21
45
49
54
66
79
79
46
62
98
121
125
127
137
132
132
146
Monthly Household Data
Historical
A-l.
A-2.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1961 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1983 to date
10
11
Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
A-3.
A-4.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
12
13
A-5.
Employment and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age
15
Characteristics of the Employed
A-6.
A-7.
Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status
Employed persons by age and sex
16
17
Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-8.
A-9.
A-10.
A - l 1.
A-12.
Unemployed persons
Unemployment rates
Unemployment rates
Unemployed persons
Unemployed persons
by age and sex
by age and sex
by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics
by reason for unemployment
by duration of unemployment
17
18
19
20
20
Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
A-13.
A-14.
A-15.
A-16.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school
enrollment, educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race
21
24
25
27
Characteristics of the Employed
A-l7.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
Employed persons by industry and occupation
Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by hours of work
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working
less than 35 hours and usual full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or
part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status
28
29
30
31
32
32
33
34
35
Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.
A-32.
A-33.
Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons, total and full-time workers, by duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
36
37
38
39
40
40
41
42
Persons Not in the Labor Force
A-34.
Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex
42
Multiple Jobholders
A-35.
Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics
43
Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans
A-36.
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
43
Monthly Establishment Data
Page
Historical
B-l.
B-2.
Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1943 to date
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
45
46
Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment
National
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups
B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry
and manufacturing group
B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change
States
B-7.
Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry
49
51
52
53
54
Hours and Earnings
National
B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group
B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry
B - l l . Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry
62
63
64
65
Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment
National
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
B-13. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
66
78
States and Areas
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
79
Hours and Earnings
National
B-l5. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by detailed industry
B-15a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles
(SIC 3761) manufacturing
B-16. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
B-17. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
States and Areas
B-l8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in
States and selected areas
98
118
119
120
121
Monthly Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data
Seasonally Adjusted Data
C-l.
C-2.
Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions
Labor force status by State
125
127
Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
C-3.
Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
132
Quarterly Household Data
Page
Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
D-l.
D-2.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
137
138
Characteristics of the Employed
D-3.
D-4.
D-5.
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age
Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status
Employed persons by age and sex
140
141
142
Characteristics of the Unemployed
D-6.
D-7.
D-8.
D-9.
D-10.
Unemployed persons
Unemployment rates
Unemployment rates
Unemployed persons
Unemployed persons
by age and sex
by age and sex
by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics
by reason for unemployment
by duration of unemployment
142
143
144
145
145
Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
D-ll.
D-12.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of the Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin population by sex and age
146
147
Characteristics of the Employed
D-l3.
D-l4.
D-15.
Employed white, black, and Hispanic-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker, and
full- and part-time status
Employed Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker,
and full- and part-time status
Employed persons by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
148
149
150
Characteristics of the Unemployed
D-16.
D-l7.
D-l8.
Unemployment rates by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
150
151
151
Weekly Earnings Data
D-19.
D-20.
D-21.
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex
152
153
154
Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans Data
D-22.
D-23.
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin
155
155
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error
Page
Introduction
Relation between the household and establishment series . . .
Comparability of household data with other series
Comparability of payroll employment data with
other series
157
157
158
Household data
Collection and coverage
Concepts and definitions
Historical comparability
Changes in concepts and methods
Noncomparability of labor force levels
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Sampling
Selection of sample areas
Selection of sample households
Rotation of sample
Estimating methods
Noninterview adjustment
Ratio estimates
First stage
Second stage
Composite estimation procedure
Rounding of estimates
Reliability of the estimates
Nonsampling error
Sampling error
Tables 1-B through 1-H
159
159
159
162
162
163
Establishment data
Collection
Concepts
177
177
177
158
165
165
166
166
167
168
168
168
168
168
168
169
169
169
169
170
Page
Establishment data—Continued
Estimating methods
Benchmarks
Monthly estimation
Stratification
Link relative technique
Bias adjustment
Summary of methodology table
The sample
Design
Coverage
Reliability
Measures of error tables
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error
Estimated standard errors for employment, hours,
and earnings
Standard errors for differences between industries
and times
Noneconomic code changes
Revisions between preliminary and final data
Statistics for States and areas
179
180
180
180
180
180
181
182
182
183
183
183
183
183
184
184
184
187
Regional, State, and area labor force data
Federal-State cooperative program
Estimating methods
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates
Benchmark correction procedures
Estimates for sub-State areas
Preliminary estimate:
Employment
Unemployment
Sub-State adjustment for additivity
Benchmark correction
190
190
190
190
190
191
191
Seasonal adjustment
192
191
191
191
191
Employment and Unemployment
Developments, September 1994
Employment continued to rise in September and unemployment fell.
The unemployment rate declined over the month, from
6.1 to 5.9 percent. The rate had been 6.7 percent in January
(the first month based on the revised questionnaire and survey procedures).
Nonfarm payroll employment, as measured by the employer survey, rose by 239,000 in September, while total
employment, as measured by the survey of households, increased sharply for the second consecutive month after growing very slowly earlier in the year. Both surveys show substantial growth since January.
Unemployment
Unemployment declined in September, with the number
of unemployed persons dropping by 308,000 to 7.7 million
and the unemployment rate decreasing by 0.2 percentage
point to 5.9 percent. Since January, the unemployment rate
has fallen by 0.8 percentage point, while the number of unemployed persons has dropped by about 1 million. (See
table A-3.)
Among the major labor force groups, adult men accounted
for much of the overall decline in unemployment; their unemployment rate was 5.1 percent in September, down 0.3
percentage point over the month. The rates for adult women
(5.3 percent) and teenagers (17.0 percent) were both little
changed from August. The unemployment rates for whites
(5.1 percent) and blacks (10.7 percent) were down marginally in September, while the rate for Hispanics (10.2 percent) was unchanged. (See tables A-3 and A-4.) The number of persons unemployed because they had lost their previous jobs or completed temporary ones declined by 243,000
in September and has dropped by nearly 900,000 since January (table A-ll).
Total employment and the labor force
The total number of employed persons increased by
462,000 in September, seasonally adjusted. Since January,
the series has increased by 1.7 million. The employmentto-population ratio—the proportion of the working-age population with jobs—was 62.7 percent, an increase of half a
percentage point from January. (See table A-3.)
The number of persons working part time for economic
reasons—those who would have preferred full-time employment—was about unchanged in September, at 4.3 million,
while those working part time voluntarily declined to 17.6
million. (See table A-6.) The number of multiple jobholders—those holding two or more jobs—was 7.5 million (not
seasonally adjusted) in September, or 6.1 percent of total
employment (table A-35).
The civilian labor force was little changed in September
at 131.3 million, following a large increase in August. The
labor force participation rate—the proportion of the population either working or looking for work—was unchanged
in September at 66.6 percent. Since January, the labor force
has risen by nearly 700,000. (See table A-3.)
Persons not in the labor force
The number of persons who want and are available for
work and have looked for jobs sometime in the past year,
but are no longer actively seeking employment, was 1.9
million (not seasonally adjusted) in September. Of that number, those who were not looking because they think their
prospects for finding jobs are poor—discouraged workers—
totaled 521,000. (See table A-34.)
Industry payroll employment
Nonfarm payroll employment increased by 239,000 in
September to 114.1 million, after seasonal adjustment. Although much of the growth was again concentrated in services, there also were increases in construction, trade, transportation, and government. (See table B-3.)
Construction employment was up by 19,000 in September (seasonally adjusted) after holding steady in August.
Employment in this industry has risen by nearly a half million since mid-1992, with most of the growth occurring
among special trade contractors.
Manufacturing employment held steady in September, following an increase of 39,000 in August. The number of
factory jobs hasrisenby 147,000 since reaching a low point
a year ago. Within durable goods, further employment gains
occurred in the auto industry, electronic equipment, and primary metals, which together added 14,000 jobs. Within
nondurable goods, small but widespread job declines totaled 13,000.
Within the service-producing sector, employment in the
services industry rose by 101,000 over the month, somewhat below the average monthly growth over the past year.
Much of the September advance occurred in business
(54,000) and social services (24,000). For the second month
in a row, the increase in the personnel supply component of
business services (28,000) was less than its monthly average over the past year. Job declines continued in hotels and
in amusement and recreation, offsetting gains earlier in the
year.
Employment in retail trade increased modestly for the
second straight month, with a 40,000 gain in September;
this followed robust growth in June and July. Much of those
earlier gains had been in eating and drinking places, which
have shown a net loss since July. Automotive dealers and
furniture stores continued to add jobs. Wholesale trade
employment increased by 10,000 over the month, continuing a pattern of moderate gains.
Widespread job gains in the transportation industry totaled 19,000 in September. The effects of higher interest
rates continued to be felt in the finance industry, with further job declines in mortgage banking. Employment in depository institutions also continued to decline. Employment
in real estate was flat, following a large August increase.
Government employment rose by 65,000 in September.
This increase partly reflected strength in State education, as
enrollment increases in higher education spurred September hiring. In the noneducation component of local government, job growth was affected in part by the hiring of tem-
porary election workers in several States. Federal Government employment was about unchanged.
Weekly hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour
in September to 34.6 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek and overtime hours remained at 42.0
and 4.6 hours, respectively. (See table B-8.)
As a result of increases in both employment and hours,
the index of aggregate weekly hours of private production
or nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls increased
by 0.7 percent in September to 129.8 (1982=100), after seasonal adjustment. The index for manufacturing, however,
was unchanged over the month at 105.6. (See table B-9.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of private production or
nonsupervisory workers increased by 0.3 percent in September to $11.16, seasonally adjusted. Weekly earnings
increased by 0.6 percent to $386.14. Over the year, hourly
earnings increased by 2.6 percent and weekly earnings by
3.2 percent. (See tables B-ll and B-15.)
Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month
Release date
October
November 4
January
February 3
November
December 2
February
March 10
December
January 6
March
April 7
Reference month
Release date
Summary table A. Major labor force status categories, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
1994
Category
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Jan.
Dec.
Mar.
Feb.
Apr.
June
May
July
Sept.
Aug.
Labor force status
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Percent of population
Unemployed
Not in labor force
193,971
128,108
66.0
119,568
61.6
8,540
65,863
194,151
128,580
66.2
119,941
61.8
8,639
65,571
194,472 195,953 196,090 196,213 196,363 196,510 196,693 196,859 197,043 197,248
128,898 130,667 130,776 130,580 130,747 130,774 130,248 130,457 131,189 131,343
66.3
66.7
66.7
66.6
66.6
66.5
66.2
66.6
66.3
66.6
120,332 120,661 121,971 122,258 122,037 122,338 122,872 122,430 122,452 123,166 123,628
62.0
61.9
62.2
62.3
62.2
62.5
62.2
62.7
62.3
62.2
62.5
8,237
8.330
8,518
8,543
7,902
7,817
7,715
8,408
8,005
8,023
65,574
65,659
65,286 65,314 65,633 65,616 65,736 66,445 66,403 65,854 65,905
194,321
128,662
66.2
Unemployment rates
All workers
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black
Hispanic origin
67
.
62
.
58
.
18.9
61
.
11.9
11.4
6.7
6.3
5.8
17.9
5.8
12.5
10.0
64
.
58
.
57
.
17.8
56
.
11.5
10.5
65
.
59
.
57
.
18.3
56
.
12.5
10.4
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
67
.
59
.
60
.
18.4
58
.
13.1
10.6
65
.
58
.
60
.
17.8
57
.
12.5
10.0
65
.
60
.
57
.
17.9
56
.
12.9
10.0
64
.
56
.
56
.
19.9
56
.
11.8
10.8
60
.
52
.
54
.
18.3
52
.
11.5
95
.
60
.
53
.
54
.
16.9
53
.
11.2
10.3
61
.
56
.
53
.
17.7
54
.
11.2
10.1
61
.
54
.
54
.
17.5
53
.
11.5
10.2
5.9
5.1
5.3
17.0
5.1
10.7
10.2
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Summary table B. Employment, hours, and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
1994
Industry
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Mar.
Feb.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug."
SeptP
Employment
Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
,
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate ...
Services
Government
110,923 111,112 111,366 111,610 111,711 111,919 112,298 112,699 112,951 113,334 113,624 113,870 114,109
92,036 92,239 92,479 92,692 92,810 93,003 93,357 93,718 93,937 94,316 94,601 94,814 94,988
23,206 23,245 23,281 23,298 23,328 23,327 23,395 23,506 23,519 23,576 23,590 23,627 23,642
601
601
602
605
603
606
609
612
616
618
604
605
605
4,960
4,941
4,944
4,927
4,907
4,893
4,806
4,744
4,700
4,667
4,745
4,738
4,733
18,081
18,084
18,045
18,044
18,009
18,007
17,980
17,968
17,940
17,934
17,970
17,942
17,944
90,467
90,243
90,034
89,758
89,432
89,193
88,903
88,383
87,867
87,717
88,592
88,312
88,085
5,881
5,864
5,857
5,759
5,849
5,843
5,816
5,803
5,793
5,792
5,798
5,800
5,783
6,081
6,071
6,053
6,037
6,028
5,990
5,965
6.049
6,013
6,003
5,976
5,971
5,962
19,822 19,848 19,931 19,924 19,965 20,026 20,137 20,153 20,279 20.386 20,410 20,450
19,805
6,793
6,802
6,797
6,787
6,791
6,771
6,798
6,781
6,776
6,748
6,735
6,769
6,763
31,004
31,129 31,326 31,497 31,598 31,765 31,918 32,040 32,141
30,661
30,545
30,926
30,816
18,901
18,916 18,941 18,981 19,014 19,018 19,023 19,056 19,121
18,873
18,887
18,918
18,887
Over-the-month change
Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Oy^^nsITtJCTion •••••>••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••*
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
209
144
-1
3
8
-12
210
-3
8
35
11
94
189
203
39
0
33
6
150
15
3
17
13
116
-14
254
240
36
-1
33
4
218
2
6
26
15
155
14
244
213
17
14
5
-2
227
-8
5
83
6
110
31
101
118
30
-2
6
26
71
1
14
-7
2
78
-17
208
193
-1
-4
1
2
209
10
13
41
5
125
15
401
361
111
-3
87
27
290
-57
15
111
10
171
40
252
219
13
-3
14
2
239
84
9
16
-4
101
33
383
379
57
2
20
35
326
6
12
126
11
167
4
290
285
14
-4
17
1
276
8
4
107
-1
153
5
246
213
37
1
-3
39
209
7
18
24
5
122
33
239
174
15
-1
19
-3
224
17
10
40
-9
101
65
34.7
42.2
48
.
379
354
68
-3
61
10
311
13
10
61
5
197
25
34.8
42.1
47
.
34.6
42.0
4.7
34.6
42.0
46
.
34.5
42.0
46
.
34.6
42.0
4.6
Hours of work1
Total private
Manufacturing
Overtime
34.4
41.5
4.2
34.5
41.6
43
.
34.6
41.7
44
.
34.5
41.7
44
.
34.8
41.7
45
.
34.3
41.3
45
.
34.6
42.1
47
.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (1982=100) 1
Total private
Manufacturing .
124.4
102.5
125.3
102.9
125.8
103.3
125.9
103.3
127.1
103.7
125.6
102.8
127.3
104.9
128.2
105.4
129.1
105.1
128.8
105.3
129.3
105.2
128.9
105.6
129.8
105.6
$11.05
7.40
383.44
$11.09
7.42
385.93
$11.08
7.39
383.37
$11.11
7.38
384.41
$11.13
7.36
$11.16
Earnings1
Average hourly earnings, total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars2
Average weekly earnings, total private
1
$10.88
7.40
374.27
$10.92
$10.94
7.39
376.74
7.39
378.52
$10.96
7.40
378.12
Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W)
is used to deflate this series.
2
8
$11.02
7.43
383.50
$11.03
7.42
378.33
$11.02
7.39
381.29
N.A. = not available.
" = preliminary,
N.A.
383.99 $386.14
Chart 1. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,
1990-94
Thousands
115,000
Thousands
115,000
109,000
-
108,000 -
109,000
108,000
107,000
107,000
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
NOTE: Shaded area represents recession.
Chart 2. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 1990-94
Percent
8.0
Percent
8.0
- 5.0
4.0
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
NOTE: Shaded area represents recession. Household data beginning in January
1994 reflect: 1) The introduction of the results of a major redesign of the Current
Population Survey questionnaire and collection methodology, and 2) the introduction of
population controls based on the 1990 census, adjusted for the estimated population
undercount, and are not directly comparable with data for prior years.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutionai population 16 years and over, 1961 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Year
and
month
Civilian
noninstitutionai
population
Unemployed
Employed
Number
Percent
of
population
Number
Percent
of
population
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
Annual averages
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902
55.4
55.5
55.4
55.7
56.2
56.9
57.3
57.5
58.0
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5
48,31,2
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602
1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979
137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863
82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962
60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7
78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824
57.4
56.6
57.0
57.8
57.8
56.1
56.8
57.9
59.3
59.9
3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347
75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477
4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137
4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8
54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989
167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613
186,393
106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869
63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9
66.5
99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342
59.2
59.0
57.8
57.9
59.5
60.1
60.7
61.5
62.3
63.0
3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169
3,199
95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434
109,232
111,800
114,142
7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528
7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3
60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
62,888
62,944
62,523
1990
1991
1992
1993
188,049
189,765
191,576
193,550
124,787
125,303
126,982
128,040
66.4
66.0
66.3
66.2
117,914
116,877
117,598
119,306
62.7
61.6
61.4
61.6
3,186
3,233
3,207
3,074
114,728
113,644
114,391
116,232
6,874
8,426
9,384
8,734
5.5
6.7
7.4
6.8
63,262
64,462
64,593
65,509
. ...
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1993:
September
October
November
December
193,971
194,151
194,321
194,472
128,108
128,580
128,662
128,898
66.0
66.2
66.2
66.3
119,568
119,941
120,332
120,661
61.6
61.8
61.9
62.0
3,093
3,021
3,114
3,096
116,475
116,920
117,218
117,565
8,540
8,639
8,330
8,237
6.7
6.7
6.5
6.4
65,863
65,571
65,659
65,574
1994:
January3
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
195,953
196,090
196,213
196,363
196,510
196,693
196,859
197,043
197,248
130,667
130,776
130,580
130,747
130,774
130,248
130,457
131,189
131,343
66.7
66.7
66.6
66.6
66.5
66.2
66.3
66.6
66.6
121,971
122,258
122,037
122,338
122,872
122,430
122,452
123,166
123,628
62.2
62.3
62.2
62.3
62.5
62.2
62.2
62.5
62.7
3,331
3,391
3,426
3,459
3,435
3,235
3,278
3,444
3,409
118,639
118,867
118,611
118,880
119,437
119,195
119,173
119,722
120,219
8,696
8,518
8,543
8,408
7,902
7,817
8,005
8,023
7,715
6.7
6.5
6.5
6.4
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.1
5.9
65,286
65,314
65,633
65,616
65,736
66,445
66,403
65,854
65,905
1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
3
Data, beginning in 1994, are not directly comparable with data for
1993 and earlier years because of the introduction of a major redesign of
10
the Current Population Survey (household survey) questionnaire and
collection methodology and the introduction of 1990 census-based
population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. For additional
information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1983 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Sex, year,
and month
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Number
Percent
of
population
Percent
of
population
Number
Agriculture
Unemployed
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
Annual averages
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989
MEN
. .
63,047
63,835
64,411
65,422
66,207
66,927
67,840
76.4
76.4
76.3
76.3
76.2
76.2
76.4
56,787
59,091
59,891
60.892
62.107
63.273
64.315
68.8
70.7
70.9
71.0
71.5
72.0
72.5
2.704
2,668
2,535
2,511
2,543
2.493
2,513
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381
59,564
60,780
61,802
6,260
4,744
4.521
4.530
4,101
3,655
3,525
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9
6.2
5.5
5.2
19.484
19,771
20,058
20.376
20,692
20,930
20,923
89,650
90,552
91,541
92,620
1990
1991
1992
1993
82,531
83,605
84,469
85,798
86,899
87,857
88,762
68,234
68,411
69,184
69,633
76.1
75.5
75.6
75.2
64.435
63.593
63.805
64,700
71.9
70.2
69.7
69.9
2,507
2,552
2,534
2,438
61,928
61,041
61,270
62,263
3,799
4,817
5,380
4,932
5.6
7.0
7.8
7.1
21,417
22,141
22,356
22,987
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1993:
September
October
November
December
92,843
92,941
93,033
93,116
69,580
69,820
69,730
69,813
74.9
75.1
75.0
75.0
64,756
64,971
65,144
65,259
69.7
69.9
70.0
70.1
2,455
2,376
2,481
2,461
62,301
62.595
62.663
62.798
4,824
4,849
4,586
4,554
6.9
6.9
6.6
6.5
23,263
23,121
23,303
23,303
1994:
January3
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
93,909
93,982
94,042
94,119
94,196
94,294
94,377
94,469
94,576
70,744
70,644
70,529
70,621
70,584
70,328
70,513
70,833
70,695
75.3
75.2
75.0
75.0
74.9
74.6
74.7
75.0
74.7
65,963
65,921
65,940
66,036
66,301
66.135
66,036
66.452
66,572
70.2
70.1
70.1
70.2
70.4
70.1
70.0
70.3
70.4
2,545
2,566
2,601
2,565
2,592
2,469
2,463
2,585
2,499
63,419
63,356
63,339
63,471
63,709
63,666
63,573
63,866
64,073
4,781
4,723
4,589
4,585
4,283
4,193
4,478
4,381
4,123
6.8
6.7
6.5
6.5
6.1
6.0
6.3
6.2
5.8
23,165
23,338
23,513
23,497
23,612
23,965
23,864
23,636
23,881
Annual averages
WOMEN
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989
91,684
92,778
93,736
94,789
95,853
96,756
97,630
48,503
49,709
51.050
52.413
53.658
54,742
56,030
52.9
53.6
54.5
55.3
56.0
56.6
57.4
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706
50,334
51.696
53,027
48.0
49.5
50.4
51.4
52.5
53.4
54.3
680
653
644
652
666
676
687
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054
49,668
51.020
52.341
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707
3,324
3,046
3,003
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.6
5.4
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376
42,195
42,014
41,601
1990
1991
1992
1993
98,399
99,214
100.035
100,930
56,554
56,893
57,798
58,407
57.5
57.3
57.8
57.9
53.479
53,284
53,793
54,606
54.3
53.7
53.8
54.1
679
682
673
636
52,800
52,602
53,121
53,970
3,075
3,609
4,005
3,801
5.4
6.3
6.9
6.5
41,845
42,321
42,237
42,522
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1993:
September
October
November
December
101,128
101,210
101,288
101,356
58,528
58,760
58,932
59,085
57.9
58.1
58.2
58.3
54,812
54,970
55,188
55,402
54.2
54.3
54.5
54.7
638
645
633
635
54,174
54,325
54,555
54,767
3,716
3,790
3,744
3,683
6.3
6.4
6.4
6.2
42,600
42,450
42,356
42,271
1994:
January3
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
102,044
102,107
102,171
102,244
102,314
102,399
102,482
102,575
102,672
59,923
60,132
60,051
60,125
60,190
59,919
59,943
60,356
60,647
58.7
58.9
58.8
58.8
58.8
58.5
58.5
58.8
59.1
56,007
56,336
56,097
56,302
56,571
56,295
56,416
56.714
57.056
54.9
55.2
54.9
55.1
55.3
55.0
55.0
55.3
55.6
787
825
825
893
844
766
815
859
910
55,221
55,511
55,272
55,409
55,728
55,528
55,600
55,856
56,146
3,916
3,795
3,954
3,823
3,619
3,625
3,528
3.642
3.592
6.5
6.3
6.6
6.4
6.0
6.0
5.9
6.0
5.9
42,121
41,976
42,119
42,119
42,124
42,480
42,539
42,218
42,024
1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes and
Estimates of Error.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
3
Data, beginning in 1994, are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years because of the introduction of a major redesign of the Current Population Survey
(household survey) questionnaire and collection methodology and the introduction of
1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. For
additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
11
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age
1993
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
1994
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
193,971 194,151 194,321 194,472 95,953 196,090 96,213 196,363 96,510 96,693 96,859 97,043 97,248
128,108 128,580 128,662 128,898 30,667 130,776 30,580 130,747 30,774 30,248 30,457 31,189 31,343
66.7
66.7
66.3
66.2
66.6
66.6
66.6
66.2
66.0
66.6
66.3
66.2
66.5
119,568 119,941 120,332 120,661 21,971 122,258 122,037 122,338 22,872 22,430 22,452 23,166 23,628
62.3
62.0
61.9
62.2
62.3
62.2
61.8
61.6
62.7
62.5
62.2
62.5
62.2
8,540 8,639 8,330 8,237 8.696 8,518 8,543 8,408 7,902 7,817 8,005 8,023 7,715
6.5
6.4
6.5
6.7
6.4
6.5
6.7
6.7
5.9
6.1
6.1
6.0
6.0
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
92,843 92,941
69,580 69.820
75.1
74.9
64,756 64,971
69.9
69.7
2,455 2,376
62,301 62,595
4,824 4,849
6.9
6.9
23,263 23,121
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
86,075 86,156 86,245 86,373 86,778 86,820
66,038 66,306 66,198 66,321 66,806 66,764
76.9
77.0
76.8
76.8
77.0
76.7
61,901 62,172 62,315 62,444 62,842 62,778
72.4
72.3
72.3
72.3
72.2
71.9
2,264 2,223 2,334 2,300 2,352 2,339
59,637 59,949 59.981 60,144 60,490 60,439
4,137 4,134 3,883 3,877 3,964 3,986
6.0
5.9
5.8
5.9
6.2
6.3
20,037 19,850 20,047 20,05i 19,972 20,056
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
1
93,033 93,116 93,909
69,730 69,813 70,744
75.3
75.Q
75.0
65,144 65,259 65,963
70.2
70.1
70.0
2,481 2,461 2,545
62,663 62,798 63,419
4,586 4,554 4,781
6.8
6.5
6.6
23,303 23,303 23,165
101,128 101,210 101,288
58,528 58,760 58,932
58.2
58.1
57.9
54,812 54,970 55,188
54.5
54.3
54.2
633
645
638
54,174 54,325 54,555
3,716 3,790 3,744
6.4
6.3
6.4
42,600 42,450 42,356
12
65,921 65,940 66,036 66,301 66,135 66,036 66,452 66,572
70.4
70.3
70.0
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.4
70.2
2,566 2,601 2,565 2.592 2,469 2,463 2,585 2,499
63,356 63.339 63,471 63,709 63,666 63,573 63,866 64,073
4,723 4.589 4,585 4,283 4,193 4,478 4,381 4,123
5.8
6.2
6.3
6.0
6.1
6.5
6.5
6.7
23,338 23,513 23,497 23,612 23,965 23,864 23,636 23,881
94,709 94,764 95,109 95,159
55,621 55,783 56,368 56,611
59.3
58.7
59.5
58.9
52,423 52,631 53,014 53,403
55.7
55.4
56.1
55.5
744
597
766
599
51,826 52,032 52,270 52,638
3,198 3,152 3,354 3,208
6.0
5.7
5.7
5.8
5.7
5.8
39,324 39,194 39,088 38,981 38,74, 38,548
94,575
55,251
58.4
52,072
55.1
596
51,476
3,179
86,901 86,946 87,000
66,723 66,701 66,692
76.7
76.8
76.7
62,857 62,958 63,192
72.6
72.4
72.3
2,358 2,376 2,412
60,499 60,582 60,780
3,866 3,743 3,500
5.2
5.8
5.6
20,178 20,246 20,308
102,044 102,107 102,171 102,244 102,314
59,923 60,132 60,051 60,125 60,190
58.8
58.8
58.8
58.7
58.9
56,007 56,336 56,097 56,302 56,571
55.3
54.9
55.1
54.9
55.2
844
825
893
787
825
55,221 55,511 55,272 55.409 55,728
3,916 3,795 3,954 3,823 3,619
6.0
6.4
6.5
6.3
6.6
6.
42,271 42,121 41,976 42,119 42,119 42,124
101,356
59,085
58J
55,402
54.7
635
54,767
3,683
94,656
55,462
58.6
52,243
55.2
601
51,642
3,219
87,095
66,409
76.2
62.916
72.2
2,307
60,609
3,493
5.3
20,686
87,123 87,248 87,321
66,596 66,856 66,839
76.5
76.6
76.4
62,889 63,216 63,421
72.5 . 72.6
72.2
2,285 2,395 2,255
60,605 60,820 61,167
3,706 3,640 3,418
5.1
5.4
5.6
20,528 20,39; 20,482
102,399 102,482 102,575 102,672
59,919 59,943 60,356 60,647
59.1
58.8
58.5
58.5
56,295 56,416 56,714 57,056
55.6
55.3
55.0
55.0
910
859
815
766
55,528 55,600 55,856 56,146
3,592
3,625 3,528 3,64;
5.9
6.0
5.9
6.0
42,024
42,480 42,539 42,218
95,225 95,282 95,329 95,407 95,469 95,544 95,658
56,487 56,410 56,548 56,214 56,367 56,774 57,217
59.4
59.8
59.0
58.9
59.3
59.3
59.;
53,121 53,265 53,521 53,181 53,394 53,711 54,161
56.6
55.9
56.;
55.7
56.1
55.9
55.8
855
781
817
726
787
837
773
52,348 52,428 52,734 52,455 52,613 52,894 53,306
3,366 3,145 3,027 3,033 2,972 3,063 3,056
5.4
5.3
5.3
5.4
5.4
6.0
5.6
38,738 38,87, 38,781 39,193 39,103 38,770 38,441
13,321 13,339 13,367 13,335 14,066 14,111 14,087 14,135 14,181 14,191 14,267 14,251 14,269
6,819 6,812 6,843 6,794 7,493 7,401 7,370 7,636 7,534 7,625 7,495 7,560 7.286
51.1
53.0
52.5
53.7
53.1
54.0
52.4
52.;
53.3
50.9
51.1
51.;
51,2
5,595 5,526 5,594 5,586 6,115 6,076 6,059 6,116 6,159 6,333 6,168 6,239 6,046
42.4
43.8
43.;
43.4
44.6
43.3
43.0
43.1
43.5
41.8
41.9
41.4
42.0
300
231
203
236
21
245
287
295
236
183
19;
197
233
5,362 5,329 5,411 5,389 5,879 5,790 5,764 5,870 5,923 6,130 5,956 6,008 5,746
1,240
1,320
1,224 1,286 1,249 1,208 1,378 1,325 1,311 1,520 1,375 1,292 1,32
17.0
17.5
17.7
16.9
18.3
17.8
19.9
17.9
18,
18.3
17.8
18.9
17.9
6,502 6,527 6,524 6,541 6,573 6,710 6,717 6,499 6,647 6,566 6,772 6,692 6,983
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in tables A-3
through A-12 will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent
2
93,982 94,042 94,119 94,196 94,294 94,377 94,469 94,576
70,644 70,529 70,621 70,584 70,328 70,513 70,833 70,695
74.7
75.0
74.7
75.0
75.2
74.6
74.9
75.0
seasonal adjustment of the various series. Data for 1994 are not directly
comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information,
see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in
the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutionai population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
1993
Sept.
Oct.
1994
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
164,190 164,309 164,421 164,516 165,014 165,096 165,168 165,259 165,351 165,472 165,576 165,696 165,832
109,492 110,009 109,804 110,016 110,802 110,934 110,633 110,673 110,797 110,358 110,768 111,242 111,417
67.2
67.1
66.7
67.1
66.9
67.0
67.0
67.0
S7.2
66.9
67.0
66.7
66.8
103,094 103,273 103,662 103,807 104,355 104,669 104,314 104,450 105,038 104,555 104,831 105,400 105,756
63.8
63.6
63.2
63.2
63.3
63.5
63.2
63.2
63.4
63.1
62.9
62.8
63.0
5,661
5,804 5,936 5,842
5,760
6,222
6,209 6,447 6,264 6,319
6,736
6,398
6,142
5.1
5.3
5.3
5.2
5.8
5.4
5.6
5.7
5.6
5.6
6.1
5.8
5.6
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
57,097 57,390 57,123 57,280 57,457 57,333 57,258 57,175 57,113 57,002 57,254 57,363 57,445
77.1
77.1
76.8
77.0
77.1
77.4
77.4
111
77.2
77.2
77.6
77.2
77.3
53,948 54,144 54,279 54,283 54,438 54,344 54,283 54,297 54,466 54,354 54,466 54,677 54,919
73.5
73.3
73.2
73.4
73.3
73.8
73.2
73.2
73.5
73.3
73.4
73.3
73.1
2,989
2,878 2,647 2,648 2,788 2,686 2,526
2,975
3,019
2,844 2,997
3,246
3,149
4.7
4.6
4.6
5.2
5.2
5.7
5.5
4.4
4.9
5.0
5.2
5.3
5.0
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
46,544 46,710 46,768 46,872 47,025 47,281 47,085 46,951 47,222 46,938 47,183 47,451 47,851
58.4
59.3
58.7
59.1
58.8
59.0
59.3
59.0
58.7
58.5
59.7
59.0
58.6
44,207 44,223 44,392 44,554 44,631 45,002 44,724 44,755 45,110 44,686 44,949 45,228 45,628
55.4
55.9
56.5
56.4
56.0
55.8
55.4
57.0
56.5
56.2
56.0
56,0
55.6
2,337 2,487 2,376 2,318
2,252 2,234 2,223 2,223
2,393 2,279 2,360
2,196 2,113
4.8
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.3
5.0
4.7
4.7
4.5
5.0
5.1
5.1
4.6
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
5,851
55.1
4,939
46.5
912
15.6
16.8
14.3
5,909
55.6
4,906
46.2
1,003
17.0
17.9
16.0
5,913
55.6
4,991
46.9
922
15.6
17.7
13.3
5,864
55.1
4,970
46.7
894
15.2
16.9
13.4
6,321
56.5
5,286
47.3
1,034
16.4
18.5
14.0
6,319
56.4
5,323
47.5
996
15.8
16.7
14.7
6,290
56.1
5,306
47.3
984
15.6
16.7
14.6
6,546
58.3
5,398
48.0
1,148
17.5
19.0
16.0
6,463
57.5
5,462
48.6
1,000
15.5
17.3
13.5
6,418
57.0
5,515
49.0
904
14.1
14.7
13.5
6,330
56.1
5,416
48.0
914
14.4
16.1
12.6
6,427
56.9
5,495
48.7
933
14.5
15.1
13.8
6,121
54.2
5,210
46.1
911
14.9
16.4
13.1
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
22,408 22,442 22,475 22,504 22,723 22,751 22,774 22,799 22,824 22,855 22,883 22,917 22,955
13,952 13,945 14,057 14,011 14,368 14,487 14,573 14,523 14,497 14,502 14,351 14,401 14,461
63.7
62.1
62.3
63.2
62.3
62.5
62.8
62.7
63.5
63.5
63.7
64.0
63.0
12,202 12,292 12,297 12,397 12,482 12,624 12,749 12,813 12,825 12,874 12,739 12,746 12,912
54.5
54.9
55.1
54.7
54.8
55.5
55.7
56.3
56.2
56.2
56.0
56.2
55.6
1,750
1,887
1,614
1,653
1,760
1,863
1,612
1,628
1,672
1,710
1,824
1,549
1,655
12.5
13.1
11.5
12.5
11.9
12.9
11.2
11.2
11.5
11.8
12.5
10.7
11.5
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
6,507
71.8
5,717
63.1
790
12.1
6,482
71.5
5,770
63.6
712
11.0
6,529
71.8
5,725
63.0
804
12.3
6,469
70.9
5,787
63.5
682
10.5
6,563
72.1
5,753
63.2
810
12.3
6,697
73.4
5,884
64.5
813
12.1
6,633
72.7
5,953
65.2
679
10.2
6,622
72.5
5,962
65.2
660
10.0
6,715
73.4
6,048
66.1
666
9.9
6,581
71.8
5,944
64.9
637
9.7
6,537
71.4
5,854
64.0
683
10.5
6,544
71.2
5,860
63.8
684
10.5
6,623
71.9
5,960
64.7
662
10.0
6,686
59.5
6,001
53.4
685
10.2
6,731
59.8
6,059
53.9
672
10.0
6,766
60.1
6,111
54.2
655
9.7
6,801
60.3
6,143
54.5
658
9.7
6,917
60.5
6,121
53.6
796
11.5
6,993
61.1
6,224
54.4
769
11.0
7,117
62.2
6,253
54.6
865
12.1
7,065
61.6
6,317
55.1
747
10.6
6,990
60.9
6,300
54.9
690
9.9
7,038
61.3
6,379
55.5
659
9.4
6,939
60.4
6,343
55.2
596
8.6
7,015
60.9
6,354
55.2
661
9.4
6,994
60.7
6,368
55.2
626
8.9
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
13
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutionai population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
1993
Sept.
Oct.
1994
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept
BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
759
35.9
484
22.9
275
36.2
39.7
32.3
732
34.5
463
21.8
269
36.7
40.6
32.8
762
35.9
461
21.7
301
39.5
39.2
39.7
741
35.2
467
22.2
274
37.0
38.8
35.2
889
40.5
607
27.7
281
31.7
38.1
25.5
796
36.3
515
23.5
281
35.3
40.1
30.5
823
37.5
543
24.7
280
34.0
37.5
30.2
837
38.1
534
24.3
303
36.2
40.8
31.3
792
36.0
476
21.6
316
39.9
42.8
36.5
882
40.0
551
25.0
331
37.6
40.0
34.9
876
39.2
542
24.3
333
38.1
43.0
32.3
842
38.1
532
24.1
310
36.8
42.3
30.4
844
38.1
584
26.3
261
30.9
29.1
32.8
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
15,871 15,917 15,967 16,014 17,849 17,896 17,942 17,993 18,041 18,092 18,143 18,193 18,244
10,433 10,586 10,575 10,625 11,746 11,835 11,871 11,880 11,929 11,850 11,949 11,958 12,022
65.7
65.9
66.1
66.0
66.2
66.1
65.8
66.3
66.2
65.9
65.5
66.5
65.7
9,394 9,384 9,476 9,513 10,495 10,650 10,680 10,595 10,801 10,634 10,736 10,734 10,796
59.0
59.2
59.9
58.9
59.5
59.5
58.8
59.4
59.3
59.2
58.8
59.0
59.2
1,224
1,212
1,127
1,285
1,190
1,185
1,251
1,099
1,226
1,217
1,202
1,039
1,112
10.2
10.1
9.5
10.8
10.0
10.0
10.6
10.4
10.2
10.3
10.0
10.5
11.4
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutionai population.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum
to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Data
2
14
for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and
Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Full- and part-time status, sex,
and age
1994
1993
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
98,690
57,833
56,718
40,953
40,066
1,906
98,945
57,876
56,770
41,085
40,334
1,841
99,373
58,115
57,032
41,284
40,511
1,830
99,595
58,265
57,156
41,386
40,632
1,807
Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
20,867 20,997 20,961
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
98,574
57,971
56,942
40,601
39,816
1,817
98,488
58,395
57,380
40,083
39,312
1,795
99,307
58,558
57,569
40,647
39,871
1,868
99,763
58,707
57,619
41,025
40,297
1,847
99,286
58,688
57,457
40,653
39,854
1,975
99,684
58,744
57,538
40,946
40,266
1,880
100,270
59,065
57,805
41,287
40,564
1,901
100,736
59,076
57,963
41,658
40,964
1,809
EMPLOYED
97,940
57,714
56,657
40,291
39,496
1,787
21,060 23,932 23,641 23,539 22,966 23,132 23,138 22,858 22,902 22,999
7,009 7,156 7,069 7,035 8,214 7,928 7,536 7,413 7,530 7,436 7,291 7,367 7,625
5,236 5,392 5,283 5,268 6,148 5,839 5,500 5,400 5,560 5,469 5,372 5,380 5,530
13,897 13,886 13,900 14,056 15,720 15,724 16,004 15,566 15,577 15,661 15,495 15,464 15,420
11,921 11,909 11,916 12,039 13,523 13,574 13,802 13,391 13,283 13,357 13,157 13,150 13,204
3,710
3,696 3,762 3,753 4,260 4,228 4,237 4,175 4,288 4,312 4,329 4,372 4,265
UNEMPLOYED
6,964
4,138
3,851
2,841
2,613
500
7,044
4,193
3,868
2,809
2,590
586
6,707
3,978
3,581
2,786
2,542
584
6,760
3,963
3,651
2,787
2,568
541
7,160
4,205
3,767
2,966
2,749
644
7,008
4,070
3,677
2,950
2,710
621
6,956
3,803
3,526
3,091
2,835
595
6,833
3,910
3,499
2,895
2,567
767
6,319
3,617
3,230
2,701
2,451
638
6,414
3,642
3,228
2,768
2,475
711
6,561
3,854
3,423
2,728
2,424
714
6,462
3,752
3,340
2,722
2,469
653
6,332
3,609
3,183
2,818
2,546
604
1,557
671
292
881
567
698
1,623
652
270
1,016
651
702
1,565
616
259
957
643
663
1,489
606
254
868
575
660
1,581
681
276
890
580
726
1,488
645
280
855
502
706
1,595
701
314
891
552
728
1,589
627
232
956
595
762
1,520
651
257
860
530
734
1,426
600
270
835
563
593
1,466
614
297
840
547
621
1,566
645
301
910
586
680
1,389
589
252
773
509
628
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
6.6
6.7
6.4
6.5
6.1
20.8
6.6
6.8
6.4
6.4
6.0
24.1
6.3
6.4
5.9
6.3
5.9
24.2
6.4
6.4
6.0
6.3
5.9
23.0
6.8
6.8
6.2
6.9
6.5
26.5
6.6
6.6
6.1
6.8
6.4
25.5
6.6
6.1
5.8
7.2
6.7
24.9
6.4
6.3
5.7
6.6
6.0
29.1
6.0
5.8
5.3
6.2
5.7
25.7
6.1
5.8
5.3
6.4
5.8
26.5
6.2
6.2
5.6
6.2
5.7
27.5
6.1
6.0
5.5
6.2
5.7
25.6
5.9
5.8
5.2
6.3
5.9
25.0
Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
6.9
8.7
5.3
6.0
4.5
15.8
7.2
8.4
4.8
6.8
5.2
16.0
6.9
8.0
4.7
6.4
5.1
15.0
6.6
7.9
4.6
5.8
4.6
15.0
6.2
7.7
4.3
5.4
4.1
14.6
5.9
7.5
4.6
5.2
3.6
14.3
6.3
8.5
5.4
5.3
3.8
14.7
6.5
7.8
4.1
5.8
4.3
15.4
6.2
8.0
4.4
5.2
3.8
14.6
5.8
7.5
4.7
5.1
4.0
12.1
6.0
7.8
5.2
5.1
4.0
12.5
6.4
8.0
5.3
5.6
4.3
13.5
5.7
7.2
4.4
4.8
3.7
12.8
Looking for full-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Looking for part-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
,
UNEMPLOYMENT RATES1
1
These rates reflect a refined definition of the full- and part-time labor
force and differ from the rates published elsewhere in this publication
prior to 1994.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
15
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1993
1994
Category
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
MARITAL STATUS
119,568 119,941 120,332 120,661 121,971 122,258 122,037 122,338 122,872 122,430 122,452 123,166 123,628
40,826 40,816 40,842 40,951 41,483 41,328 41,331 41,380 41,367 41,287 41,224 41,475 41,577
30,509 30,641 30,872 31,051 31,579 31,709 31,310 31,345 31,324 31,054 31,379 31,567 31,967
6,833 6,784 6,704 6,693 6,796
7,133
7,191
7,094
7,013
7,369
6,978
6,932 7,016
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
32,538 32,635 32,739 32,764 33,008 33,122 33,152 33,415 34,103 33,901
,
33,859 33,931 34,303
36,832
16,547
13,487
16,968
3,319
36,965
16,599
13,430
16,996
3,287
36,974
16,688
13,597
16,958
3,389
37,243
16,734
13,445
17,209
3,325
37,411
16,796
13,494
17,685
3,598
37,191
17,087
13,644
17,645
3,693
37,060
17,111
13,551
17,581
3,651
36,796
17,107
13,232
17,888
3,677
36,624
16,958
13,584
17,947
3,609
36,811
17,006
13,305
17,934
3,419
37,194
16,899
13,330
17,762
3,487
37,358
16,794
13,468
17,964
3,660
37,711
16,685
13,438
18,019
3,647
1,667
1,319
90
1,657
1,274
97
1,719
1,311
1,724
1,269
92
1,641
1,590
78
1,677
1,633
55
1,719
1,661
41
1,693
1,710
43
1,757
1,654
40
1,629
1,582
46
1,637
1,606
50
1,737
1,667
47
1,702
1,616
64
107,331
88,824
1,123
87,701
18,507
8,949
250
107,727
89,251
1,179
88,072
18,476
8,961
229
107,975
89,482
1,103
88,379
18,493
9,011
223
108,247
89,744
1,104
88,640
18,503
9,053
217
109,526
91,364
928
90,436
18,163
8,990
142
109,547
91,395
1,074
90,321
18,152
9,312
143
109,365
90,883
1,035
89,849
18,481
9,146
117
109,749
91,356
1,043
90,313
18,393
8,982
131
110,243
91,770
997
90,773
18,473
9,138
121
110,052
91,729
964
90,765
18,322
8,946
154
110,082
91,825
934
90,891
18,256
8,970
138
110,393
92,205
843
91,362
18,188
9,055
141
111,159
92,834
871
91,963
18,325
8,971
134
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Government
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons
5,167
6,394 6,202 6,126 6,217
4,643 4,992 4,757
4,878 4,785
2,561
2,571
3,167 3,072 3,037 3,099
2,301
2,538 2,363
2,535
2,101
2,872 2,810
2,937
2,028 2,138
2,026
1,981
2,828 2,171
15,182 15,201 15,290 15,37: 17,744 17,674 17,519 17,072 17,346 17,339
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons
5,957
4,842 4,384 4,762 4,613
4,688 4,590 4,224 4,092 4,075
6,173
5,904
5,934
2,290
2,315
2,241
2,449 2,430
2,271
3,006 2,927
2,905 2,922 2,439 2,169 2,411
1,627
2,078
1,993
1,592
2,075
1,944
1,935
1,539
2,879 2,773 2,719 2,739
2,089
14,757 14,788 14,858 14,909 17,056 17,081 16,893 16,463 16,721 16,842 17,443 17,559 16,946
1
Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their
jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or
industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who
usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week
for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather.
16
4,425 4,284 4,260
2,430 2,393 2,403
1,664
1,569
1,643
18,059 18,171 17,599
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Ernployrnont snd Esmings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1993
1994
Age and sex
Sept.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
119,568 119,941 120,332 120,661 121,971 122,258 122,037 122,338 122,872 122,430 122,452 123,166 123,628
17,679 17,648 17,663 17,709 18,637 18,898 18,723 18,798 19,006 19,193 18,776 18,918 18,812
6,059
6,116
6,115
6,159
6,333
6,076
6,168
6,239
5,595
5,586
5,526
5,594
6,046
2,363
2,408
2,435
2,510
2,530
2,351
2,499
2,593
2,193
2,240
2,162
2,194
2,550
3,674
3,704
3,657
3,661
3,765
3,706
3,673
3,653
3,412
3.350
3,375
3,406
3,498
12,084 12,122 12,069 12,123 12,522 12,822 12,664 12,683 12,847 12,860 12,608 12,679 12,767
101,899 102,310 102,665 102,976 103,312 103,402 103,352 103,451 103,951 103,299 103,706 104,187 104,856
87,275 87,479 87,968 88,197 88,308 88,582 88,750 88,709 88,915 88,497 88,901 89,334 89,930
14,612 14,787 14,806 14,831 15,036 14,862 14,614 14,709 14,939 14,784 14,730 14,916 14,909
64,756
64,971
65,144
65,259 65,963 65,921
65,940
66,036 66,301
66,135 66,036
66,452
66,572
9,754
9,803
9,961
9,808
9,940
9,992
9,711
9,939
9,182
9,179
9,171
9.165
3,147
3,083
3,078
3,109
3,219
3,236
3,143
3,151
2,799
2,829
2,815
3,121
2,855
1,197
1,291
1,295
1,242
1,262
1,251
1,349
1,106
1,220
1,205
1,120
1,133
1,152
1,924
1,876
1,842
1,845
1,944
1,866
1,925
1,745
1,701
1,705
1,670
1,886
1,806
6,671
6,730
6,772
6,657
6,725
6,831
6,327
6,350
6,590
6,795
6,818
6,380
6,342
55,581 55,823 55,970 56,089 56,244 56,035 56,203 56,182 56,387 56,174 56,232 56,432 56,622
47,386 47,496 47,791 47,860 47,944 47,943 48,173 48,117 48,191 48,046 48,064 48,163 48,382
8,036
8,070
8,126
8,116
8,102
8,255
8,199
8,115
8,318
8,241
8,253
8,333
8,259
54,812
54,970
8,497
2,740
2,727
1,073
1,056
1,667
1,674
5,757
5,742
46,318 46,487
39,889 39,983
6,413
6,469
56,007
56,097
56,302
56,571
56,416
56,714
57,056
8,958
8,544
8,970
8,991
9,066
9,201
8,973
8,926
8,959
8,492
2,976
3,114
2,771
2,994
3,038
3,050
3,021
3,003
2,765
2,933
1,167
1,278
1,166
1,248
1,208
1,299
1,061
1,088
1,215
1,147
1,799
1,862
1,816
1,807
1,701
1,680
1,771
1,781
1,821
1,729
5,953
5,727
5,993
6,016
6,088
5,952
5,955
5,773
5,932
6,026
46,695 46,887 47,069 47,367 47,149 47,269 47,564 47,125 47,473 47,754
40,177 40,337 40,364 40,640 40,578 40,591 40,724 40,451 40,837 41,171
6,578
6,639
6,813
6,628
6,661
6,565
6,578
6,703
6,747
6,668
8,843
2,895
1,201
1,692
.5,949
48,234
41,548
6,650
55,188
55,402
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
56,336
56,295
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
A-8. Unemployed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1994
1993
Age and sex
Sept.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Oct.
Nov.
Dec
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept
8,540
8,639
8,330
8,237
8,696
8,518
8,543
8,408
7,902
7,817
8,005
8,023
7,715
2,574
1,224
519
694
1,350
5,978
5,273
721
2,616
1,286
566
724
1,330
6,016
5,369
2,568
1.249
566
687
1,319
5,747
5,124
649
2,480
1,208
527
689
1,272
5,750
5,106
657
2,922
1,378
654
700
1,544
5,857
5,107
723
2,753
1,325
656
668
1,428
5,738
5,075
670
2,855
1,311
586
725
1,543
5,680
4,993
700
2,921
1,520
765
764
1,400
5,469
4,793
644
2,709
1,375
648
738
1.333
5,182
4.517
641
2,620
1,292
638
669
1,328
5,205
4,581
601
2,707
1,327
649
670
1,380
5,296
4,666
644
2,753
1,320
648
668
1,432
5,269
4,582
668
2,578
1,240
586
656
1,338
5,153
4,553
579
4,824
4,849
4,586
4,554
4,781
4,723
4,589
4,585
4,283
4,193
4,478
4,381
4,123
1,463
687
286
389
776
3,360
2,911
462
1,475
715
312
404
760
3,365
2,961
417
1,438
703
314
388
735
3,141
2,755
391
1,389
677
286
390
712
3,171
2,774
411
1,670
816
384
418
854
3,194
2,787
408
1,530
737
338
397
793
3,169
2,782
401
1,559
723
341
386
835
3,010
2,625
385
1,627
843
421
427
784
2,954
2,557
373
1,538
783
377
418
754
2,729
2,350
368
1,431
700
355
363
730
2,754
2,410
340
1,558
771
341
424
787
2,919
2,524
395
1,552
741
344
392
811
2,833
2,440
373
1,419
705
323
381
714
2,727
2,364
341
3,716
3,790
3,744
3,663
3,916
3,795
3,954
3,823
3,619
3,625
3,528
3,642
3,592
1,111
537
233
305
574
2,618
2,362
259
1,141
571
254
320
570
2,651
2,408
282
1,130
546
252
299
584
2,606
2,369
258
1,091
531
241
299
560
2,579
2.332
246
1,252
562
271
283
690
2,664
2,320
315
1,223
588
318
272
635
2,566
2,293
269
1,296
588
245
339
708
2,670
2.369
316
1,294
678
344
337
617
2.515
2,236
272
1,171
592
271
320
579
2,453
2,167
274
1,189
591
283
306
598
2,451
2,172
261
1,149
555
308
247
593
2,377
2,142
250
1,200
579
304
276
621
2,436
2,142
294
1,159
535
263
275
624
2,427
2,188
238
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Jan.
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
17
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Unemployment rates by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
1993
1994
Age and sex
Sept.
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
6.7
6.7
6.5
6.4
6.7
6.5
6.5
6.4
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.1
5.9
12.7
17.9
12.9
12.7
12.3
12.6
12.7
12.1
17.8
13.4
19.9
12.5
18.3
20.5
16.8
12.7
17.9
13.2
18.9
20.7
17.7
21.8
15.3
19.9
17.7
20.6
17.5
20.0
17.0
15.4
10.0
5.5
5.7
4.7
9.9
5.6
15.5
10.2
4.8
5.8
4.5
9.9
5.3
5.5
4.2
19.0
17.1
9.5
5.3
5.5
4.2
13.6
18.4
21.2
6.9
6.9
6.6
6.5
13.7
13.8
20.3
22.0
13.6
19.9
19.1
16.9
10.0
5.3
5.4
4.3
16.5
10.9
5.2
5.3
4.6
6.8
6.7
6.5
14.7
20.7
23.9
13.3
19.0
4.8
21.7
18.5
10.4
5.3
5.5
4.5
13.2
19.4
19.9
18.9
10.1
5.4
5.5
4.7
18.1
11.5
5.4
5.5
4.7
21.9
17.1
10.5
5.4
5.5
4.7
13.8
19.0
22.2
17.1
11.1
5.1
5.2
4.6
6.3
6.4
6.4
6.2
6.5
6.3
6.6
11.6
16.4
11.9
17.3
19.4
16.0
9.0
5.4
5.7
4.2
11.7
11.3
16.1
18.1
15.1
8.8
5.2
5.5
3.6
12.3
15.8
18.2
13.8
10.4
5.4
5.4
4.5
12.0
16.7
21.7
12.6
16.5
17.4
15.8
10.6
5.4
5.5
4.6
19.4
20.3
18.2
10.9
5.7
5.8
5.3
17.8
15.5
9.1
5.3
5.6
3.9
19.2
10.6
5.7
5.9
16.5
19.2
14.9
9.3
5.3
5.6
3.8
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
18
17.8
16.1
11.0
5.4
5.5
4.6
13.2
9.5
5.1
5.3
3.8
June
July
24.1
17.1
18.3
20.5
16.8
12.0
16.9
20.1
15.1
9.9
5.0
9.4
4.7
4.8
5.1
4.2
4.1
4.9
3.9
9.9
4.9
5.0
4.2
6.5
6.1
6.0
14.2
13.4
20.1
23.0
18.5
21.5
25.3
18.8
10.4
5.0
5.0
4.4
4.8
9.4
Aug.
Sept.
18.7
15.8
9.5
4.7
4.9
4.3
4.8
3.7
6.3
6.2
5.8
12.5
13.7
17.9
19.7
13.5
18.6
12.5
18.3
22.1
20.9
18.5
21.0
16.9
19.3
10.6
10.8
4.8
4.8
4.3
9.5
4.6
4.7
4.0
15.7
17.4
9.9
4.6
4.7
4.3
9.7
4.7
4.8
4.0
4.9
5.0
4.6
6.4
6.0
6.0
5.9
6.0
5.9
12.6
18.2
22.8
11.4
11.4
16.0
18.1
14.4
8.9
11.3
15.5
20.3
12.0
9.1
4.8
5.0
3.6
11.8
16.2
11.6
16.3
19.0
13.8
18.0
14.0
9.4
4.9
4.9
4.2
4.8
5.0
3.4
15.3
9.4
5.1
5.2
3.9
17.8
15.0
8.8
4.9
5.1
3.9
4.9
5.1
3.8
15.6
9.5
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics, seasonally adjusted
1994
1993
Category
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
6.7
6.3
6.5
5.9
5.7
18.3
6.4
5.8
5.7
17.8
6.7
5.9
6.0
17.9
6.7
6.2
5.8
18.9
18.4
6.5
6.0
5.7
17.9
6.5
5.8
6.0
17.8
6.4
5.6
5.6
19.9
6.0
5.2
5.4
18.3
6.0
5.3
5.4
16.9
6.1
5.6
5.3
17.7
6.1
5.4
5.4
17.5
5.9
5.1
5.3
17.0
5.8
11.4
12.5
10.0
6.1
10.9
11.9
11.4
5.6
11.3
12.5
10.4
5.6
10.7
11.5
10.5
5.8
11.6
13.1
10.6
5.6
11.3
12.9
10.0
5.7
11.3
12.5
10.0
5.6
10.8
11.8
10.8
5.2
10.4
11.5
9.5
5.3
10.2
11.2
10.3
5.4
10.4
11.2
10.1
5.3
10.8
11.5
10.2
5.1
10.3
10.7
10.2
4.2
4.6
9.0
4.4
4.8
9.3
4.0
4.4
9.0
3.9
4.3
10.2
4.1
4.4
9.4
4.3
4.3
9.7
4.1
4.4
9.6
3.9
4.1
9.1
3.7
4.0
8.9
3.5
4.3
8.7
3.7
4.0
7.8
3.5
4.2
8.9
3.4
4.1
9.0
2.8
5.3
7.6
10.1
7.7
2.8
5.3
7.9
9.8
8.1
2.9
5.2
6.7
9.2
7.8
2.8
5.1
7.4
9.1
8.7
2.9
5.4
7.0
10.0
8.4
2.9
5.4
6.8
9.5
8.8
2.7
5.7
7.2
8.8
10.3
2.6
5.2
6.5
9.8
8.2
2.3
5.2
6.5
8.8
7.3
3.0
5.2
6.1
8.4
6.9
2.6
4.7
5.7
9.6
9.7
2.5
5.0
6.2
8.9
8.6
2.5
4.7
6.1
8.5
8.1
6.9
8.8
7.5
6.9
8.4
6.5
13.7
6.9
6.9
6.9
6.3
5.5
7.9
3.7
5.9
3.1
11.8
6.7
8.0
7.2
12.2
6.7
6.5
7.0
6.2
5.2
7.7
3.7
5.9
3.0
10.3
6.6
7.9
6.9
12.7
6.5
6.3
6.8
6.2
5.1
7.4
3.7
5.9
3.1
7.0
7.8
5.1
13.9
6.1
5.3
7.3
6.7
5.5
8.1
3.7
6.6
3.8
13.6
6.8
7.6
4.0
13.3
6.1
5.5
7.1
6.5
5.2
8.0
3.6
6.3
3.2
6.8
7.7
5.5
13.5
6.1
5.7
6.8
6.4
4.7
7.9
2.9
6.5
3.9
13.8
6.6
7.3
6.8
6.2
6.9
7.6
11.6
5.5
5.2
5.8
6.0
4.6
7.3
3.5
5.8
3.3
8.3
6.2
6.8
6.2
11.8
5.3
5.0
5.6
6.0
4.7
7.1
4.1
5.9
3.9
8.4
6.4
6.9
6.1
10.9
5.8
5.7
5.9
6.2
5.3
7.5
3.7
5.9
3.4
12.6
6.2
6.5
5.1
10.5
5.4
5.5
5.2
6.1
4.9
7.5
3.8
5.8
3.7
6.0
6.6
5.5
10.7
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.8
4.5
6.9
4.5
5.5
3.1
11.1
10.9
CHARACTERISTIC
Total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
,
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
5.8
1
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
14.1
7.2
7.3
7.2
6.2
5.3
7.5
4.0
5.9
2.8
10.4
1
Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not available
because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or
irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient
precision.
11.3
14.3
12.6
5.8
5.5
6.3
6.3
5.6
7.7
3.4
6.1
3.5
10.7
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
19
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
1994
Reasons for unemployment
Sept.
Oct. Nov. Dec
4,699
1,112
3,587
926
2,075
843
4,779 4,444 4,442 4,442 4,185 4,037 3,790 3,531 3,664 3,904 3,813 3,570
963 1,060 1,196 1,109
911 1,053 1,022
983 947
1,216
785
791
3,563 3,481 3,382 3,246 3,075 3,054 2,843 2,746 2,753 2,851 2,791 2,779
957
782
796
762 888 873
960 932
892
751
755
825
2,084 2,084 2,018 2,831 2,898 3,054 3,235 2,838 2,798 2,781 2,779 2,579
643 689
651
797
839 833
650 611
587
609 462
641
Jan.
Feb. Mar. Apr.
May June
July
Aug. Sept.
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
,
Not on temporary layoff
,
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
,
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
55.0 55.2 53.4 54.2 51.1 48.6 46.9 44.4 45.4 47.5 48.6 47.7 46.7
13.0 14.0 11.6 12.9 13.8 12.9 11.4 11.1 10.1 11.8 13.1 12.8 10.3
42.0 41.1 41.8 41.3 37.4 35.7 35.5 33.3 35.3 35.7 35.5 34.9 36.3
8.8 10.3 10.1
10.8 11.1 11.5 11.4
9.4 11.7
9.4
9.7 10.2 10.2
24.3 24.1 25.0 24.6 32.6 33.7 35.5 37.9 36.5 36.3 34.7 34.8 33.7
9.7 10.0
6.0
7.8
7.5
8.0
7.4
7.5
9.7
9.9
8.1
8.1
7.3
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
3.7
.7
1.6
.7
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
3.4
.6
2.2
.5
3.4
.7
1.6
.6
3.5
.7
1.6
3.7
.7
1.6
.7
3.2
.7
2.2
.5
3.1
.7
2.3
.5
2.9
.6
2.5
.5
2.7
.6
2.2
.5
2.8
.6
2.1
.4
3.0
.6
2.1
.4
2.9
.6
2.1
.5
2.7
.7
2.0
.5
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1994
1993
Duration
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
3,052
2,457
3,047
1,297
1,750
3,156
2,491
3,030
1,284
1,746
2,946
2,401
2,971
1,216
1,755
3,063
2,247
2,864
1,150
1,714
3,349
2,336
3,027
1,314
1,713
2,574
2,727
3,103
1,359
1,744
2,758
2,549
3,110
1,264
1,847
2,863
2,434
2,951
1,168
1,782
2,631
2,437
2,801
1,093
1,708
2,850
2,483
2,683
1,151
1,532
2,871
2,361
2,855
1,269
1,586
2,618
2,632
2,793
1,219
1,575
2,668
2,306
2,841
1,249
1,593
18.4
8.9
18.4
8.3
18.9
8.5
18.2
8.2
18.3
8.5
18.7
9.0
19.2
9.1
19.1
9.2
19.6
9.2
18.3
8.9
19.2
9.3
19.2
9.0
19.2
10.0
100.0
35.7
28.7
35.6
15.2
20.5
100.0
36.4
28.7
34.9
14.8
20.1
100.0
35.4
28.9
35.7
14.6
21.1
100.0
37.5
27.5
35.0
14.1
21.0
100.0
38.4
26.8
34.7
15.1
19.7
100.0
30.6
32.5
36.9
16.2
20.8
100.0
32.8
30.3
37.0
15.0
21.9
100.0
34.7
29.5
35.8
14.2
21.6
100.0
33.4
31.0
35.6
13.9
21.7
100.0
35.6
31.0
33.5
14.4
19.1
100.0
35.5
29.2
35.3
15.7
19.6
100.0
32.5
32.7
34.7
15.2
19.6
100.0
34.1
29.5
36.4
16.0
20.4
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks .
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
20
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutionai population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1994
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
noninstitutionai
population
Total
197,248
14,269
7,307
6,962
18,349
112,872
41,107
19,157
21,950
41,744
21,939
19,805
30,021
16,842
13,179
20,639
10,760
9,879
31,119
9,788
8,539
12,792
131,155
6,984
2,977
4,007
13,964
94,604
34,342
15,998
18,345
35,633
18,646
16,986
24,629
14,273
10,356
11,712
7,262
4,450
3,892
2,193
1,033
665
66.5
48.9
40.7
57.6
76.1
83.8
83.5
83.5
83.6
85.4
85.0
85.8
82.0
84.7
78.6
56.7
67.5
45.0
12.5
22.4
12.1
5.2
123,775
5,800
2,453
3,346
12,668
90,265
32,496
15,040
17,456
34,032
17,734
16,298
23,737
13,775
9,961
11,293
6,981
4,312
3,750
2,109
995
645
94,576
7,255
3,759
3,496
9,093
55,459
20,232
9,409
10,823
20,546
10,812
9,734
14,681
8,264
6,417
9,799
5,152
4,647
12,971
4,419
3,739
4,813
70,721
3,725
1,591
2,134
7,473
50,893
18,734
8,651
10,083
19,099
10,065
9,034
13,060
7,531
5,530
6,433
3,960
2,473
2,197
1,208
607
383
74.8
51.3
42.3
61.1
82.2
91.8
92.6
91.9
93.2
93.0
93.1
92.8
89.0
91.1
86.2
65.6
76.9
53.2
16.9
27.3
16.2
8.0
102,672
7,014
3,548
3,466
9,256
57,413
20,876
9,748
11,127
21,198
11,127
10,071
15,340
8,578
6,762
10,841
5,608
5,233
18,148
5,369
4,800
7,979
60,434
3,259
1,386
1,873
6,491
43,710
15,608
7,346
8,262
16,534
8,581
7,953
11,568
6,742
4,826
5,279
3,302
1,977
1,694
985
427
282
58.9
46.5
39.1
54.0
70.1
76.1
74.8
75.4
74.2
78.0
77.1
79.0
75.4
78.6
71.4
48.7
58.9
37.8
9.3
18.4
8.9
3.5
Unemployed
Employed
Percent
of
population
Percent
of
population
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
62.8
40.6
33.6
48.1
69.0
80.0
79.1
78.5
79.5
81.5
80.8
82.3
79.1
81.8
75.6
54.7
64.9
43.7
12.0
21.6
11.7
5.0
3,575
279
153
126
336
2,155
777
347
431
804
431
373
574
310
264
434
243
191
371
161
125
85
120,201
5,521
2,301
3,220
12,333
88,109
31,719
14,693
17,025
33,228
17,303
15,925
23,162
13,465
9,697
10,859
6,738
4,122
3,378
1,948
870
560
7,379
1,184
523
661
1,296
4,339
1,846
957
889
1,601
913
66,997
3,060
1,300
1,759
6,816
48,805
17,855
8,165
9,691
18,344
9,637
8,708
12,605
7,285
5,320
6,191
3,799
2,392
2,125
1,166
590
369
70.8
42.2
34.6
50.3
75.0
88.0
88.3
86.8
89.5
89.3
89.1
89.5
85.9
88.1
82.9
63.2
73.7
51.5
16.4
26.4
15.8
7.7
2,630
226
117
109
277
1,549
585
249
336
579
309
271
384
213
171
302
167
135
276
119
97
60
56,779
2,740
1,153
1,587
5,852
41,460
14,640
6,876
7,765
15,688
8,097
7,591
11,132
6,491
4,641
5,102
3,182
1,920
1,624
944
405
276
55.3
39.1
32.5
45.8
63.2
72.2
70.1
70.5
69.8
74.0
72.8
75.4
72.6
75.7
68.6
47.1
56.7
36.7
8.9
17.6
8.4
3.5
945
52
36
17
58
607
192
97
95
224
122
102
190
97
93
132
76
56
96
42
29
24
Total
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not
in
labor
force
TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
498
395
418
281
137
142
84
38
20
5.6
17.0
17.6
16.5
9.3
4.6
5.4
6.0
4.8
4.5
4.9
4.1
3.6
3.5
3.8
3.6
3.9
3.1
3.6
3.8
3.7
3.0
66,093
7,285
4,330
2,954
4,385
18,269
6,765
3,160
3,605
6,111
3,293
2,818
5,393
2,569
2,823
8,928
3,498
5,429
27,227
7,594
7,505
12,127
64,367
2,833
1,183
1,650
6,539
47,256
17,270
7,915
9,355
17,765
9,328
8,437
12,221
7,072
5,149
5,889
3,632
2,257
1,850
1,047
494
309
3,724
665
290
375
657
2,089
879
487
392
755
429
326
456
246
210
241
160
81
72
42
16
14
5.3
17.9
18.3
17.6
8.8
4.1
4.7
5.6
3.9
4.0
4.3
3.6
3.5
3.3
3.8
3.8
4.0
3.3
3.3
3.5
2.7
3.6
23,855
3,530
2,169
1,361
1,620
4,565
1,497
758
740
1,447
746
700
1,621
733
887
3,366
1,192
2,174
10,774
3,211
3,133
4,430
55334
2,688
1,118
1,570
5,794
40,853
14,448
6,778
7,670
15,463
7,975
7,488
10,941
6,393
4,548
4,970
3,105
1,865
1,529
901
376
251
3,655
519
233
286
639
2,250
968
471
497
846
484
362
437
252
185
177
120
56
70
42
22
6
6.0
15.9
16.8
15.3
9.8
5.1
6.2
6.4
6.0
5.1
5.6
4.6
3.8
3.7
3.8
3.3
3.6
2.9
4.1
4.3
5.2
2.2
42,238
3,754
2,161
1,593
2,765
13,703
5,268
2,402
2,865
4,664
2,546
2,118
3,772
1,836
1,936
5,562
2,306
3,256
16,453
4,383
4,373
7,697
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
21
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1994
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent
of
population
Total
Unemployed
Not
in
labor
force
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
63.8
44.6
36.9
52.4
72.7
81.4
80.9
80.6
81.1
82.8
82.2
83.5
80.3
83.1
76.8
55.8
66.0
44.7
12.4
22.5
12.1
5.0
3,310
262
140
121
294
1,974
693
311
383
737
392
345
543
289
255
420
232
187
362
159
119
84
102,464
4,774
1,979
2,795
10,345
74,685
26,619
12,268
14,351
28,023
14,543
13,480
20,043
11,615
8,428
9,579
5,918
3,661
3,081
1,774
808
500
5,416
861
386
475
906
3,189
1,315
674
642
1,165
658
507
709
396
313
334
223
111
126
74
35
17
4.9
14.6
15.4
14.0
7.8
4.0
4.6
5.1
4.2
3.9
4.2
3.5
3.3
3.2
3.5
3.2
3.5
2.8
3.5
3.7
3.6
2.9
54,641
5,406
3,234
2,171
3,083
14,280
5,144
2,359
2,786
4,794
2.576
2.218
4.342
2.025
2,316
7,598
2,941
4,656
24,274
6,586
6,676
11,013
72.2
46.1
38.2
54.4
78.6
89.6
90.1
88.6
91.4
90.8
90.9
90.8
87.4
89.8
84.4
64.3
75.0
52.5
16.9
27.4
16.6
7.8
2,419
216
111
105
245
1,401
516
225
291
524
277
247
360
197
164
290
159
132
266
117
90
60
55,491
2,445
1,018
1,427
5,505
40,582
14,686
8,006
15,202
7,969
7,233
10,693
6,171
4,522
5,252
3,229
2,023
1.707
960
465
282
2,748
489
201
288
469
1,513
634
352
281
537
291
246
342
194
148
206
135
71
71
41
17
13
4.5
15.5
15.1
15.8
7.5
3.5
4.0
4.9
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.2
3.0
3.0
3.1
3.6
3.8
3.2
3.5
3.7
2.9
3.8
19,550
2,619
1,624
995
1,097
3,337
1,033
533
501
1,055
539
516
1,249
532
717
2,874
995
1.879
9.622
2,805
2,773
4,045
55.9
42.9
35.5
50.4
66.9
73.3
71.6
72.5
70.9
74.9
73.6
76.4
73.4
76.6
69.4
47.9
57.6
37.5
9.1
18.3
8.7
3.4
891
45
29
16
48
573
177
86
91
213
115
97
183
92
91
129
74
56
96
42
29
24
46,974
2,329
961
1,368
4.840
34.103
11,933
5,588
6,345
12.821
6.573
6,247
9,350
5,444
3,905
4,327
2,688
1,638
1,374
813
343
218
2,669
372
186
186
437
1,676
681
321
360
628
367
261
367
202
165
128
88
40
55
33
18
4
5.3
13.6
15.8
11.9
8.2
4.6
5.3
5.4
5.3
4.6
5.2
4.0
3.7
3.5
4.0
2.8
3.1
2.3
3.6
3.7
4.7
1.5
35,091
2,787
1,611
1,176
1,987
10,943
4,111
1,826
2,285
3.739
2,037
1,702
3,092
1,493
1,599
4,724
1.946
2.778
14.652
3,780
3,903
6,968
Percent
of
population
WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
165,832
11,303
5,741
5,562
14,628
94,128
33,772
15,611
18,161
34,719
18,169
16,550
25,637
14,325
11,311
17,930
9,314
8,616
27,843
8,592
7,637
11,614
111,191
5,897
2,506
3,391
11,545
79,848
28,627
13,252
15,375
29,925
15,593
14,332
21,295
12,300
8,995
10,333
6,373
3,960
3,569
2,007
80,207
5,769
2,954
2,816
7,316
46,832
16,869
7,789
9,080
17,318
9,076
8,242
12,645
7,094
5,551
8,622
4,518
4,104
11,667
3,923
3,344
4,400
60,657
3,150
1,330
1,820
6,219
43,495
15,836
7,257
8,579
16,264
8,537
7,726
11,396
6,562
4,834
5,748
3,523
2,225
2,044
1,118
85,625
5,534
2,787
2,747
7,312
47,295
16,903
7,822
9,081
17,401
9,093
8,308
12,992
7,232
5,760
9,308
4,796
4,512
16,176
4,669
4,293
7,214
50,534
2,747
1,176
1,571
5,325
36,353
12,792
5,995
6,796
13,661
7,056
6,606
9,900
5,739
4,161
4,584
2,850
1,734
1,525
961
601
67.1
52.2
43.7
61.0
78.9
84.8
84.8
84.9
84.7
86.2
85.8
86.6
83.1
85.9
79.5
57.6
68.4
46.0
12.8
23.4
12.6
5.2
105,775
5,036
2,120
2,916
10,639
76,659
27,312
75.6
54.6
45.0
64.7
85.0
92.9
93.9
93.2
94.5
93.9
94.1
93.7
90.1
92.5
87.1
66.7
78.0
54.2
17.5
28.5
17.1
8.1
57,910
2,661
1,130
1,532
5,750
41,982
59.0
49.6
42.2
57.2
72.8
76.9
75.7
76.7
74.8
78.5
77.6
79.5
76.2
79.4
72.2
49.3
59.4
38.4
9.4
19.0
9.1
3.4
47,865
2,375
990
1,384
12,578
14,734
28,760
14,935
13,825
20,586
11,904
8,682
9,999
6,150
3,849
3,443
1,933
926
584
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
571
355
15,202
6,904
8.298
15,727
8,246
7,480
11,054
6,368
4,686
5.543
3,388
2,155
1,973
1,077
555
342
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
46 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
22
889
390
246
34,676
12,110
5,674
6,436
13,033
6,345
9,533
5,536
3,996
4,456
2,762
1,694
1,470
856
372
242
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1994
Civilian labor force
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Age, sex, and race
Unemployed
Employed
Total
Percent
of
population
Not
Total
Percent
of
population
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
56.6
24.5
20.9
28.8
54.2
72.7
71.2
69.9
72.3
75.4
75.0
75.8
70.8
74.0
66.6
46.2
55.8
35.1
9.4
14.6
7.9
5.4
140
4
1
3
27
94
48
19
29
28
16
12
18
10
7
12,842
541
247
61.5
26.4
20.6
33.3
58.4
77.8
78.3
78.4
78.2
80.3
80.1
80.5
73.0
75.6
69.5
52.8
63.9
39.6
11.0
16.6
8.6
6.6
113
3
1
2
19
3
1
62
23
20
52.5
22.7
21.2
24.5
50.5
68.4
65.4
63.3
67.4
71.3
70.7
72.0
69.0
72.6
64.3
41.1
49.4
31.8
8.3
13.1
7.3
4.8
27
1
6,624
256
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
labor
force
BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
22,955
2,219
1,189
1,030
2,637
13,517
5.331
2,525
2.807
5,071
2,740
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
10.295
1,089
589
14.472
788
355
433
1.742
10,691
4.207
1,984
2,224
4,153
2,253
2.331
1,900
3.115
2,331
1,394
1.792
1,323
2,050
1,098
952
2,532
908
692
932
501
1,229
6,097
2,373
1,099
1,274
2,318
1,259
1,058
1,406
814
592
891
485
405
989
378
295
317
937
1,008
649
358
243
137
54
53
7,055
413
191
222
868
5,179
2,042
961
1,081
2,028
1,118
910
1,109
654
455
490
322
168
105
60
25
21
63.0
35.5
29.9
42.1
66.0
79.1
78.9
78.6
79.2
81.9
82.2
81.5
74.8
77.8
70.8
49.2
59.1
37.7
9.6
15.1
7.7
5.7
12,982
545
248
68.5
37.9
32.4
44.3
70.6
84.9
86.1
87.5
84.9
87.5
88.8
86.0
78.9
80.3
76.9
55.0
66.3
41.5
10.6
15.8
8.4
6.5
6,331
288
121
167
718
296
1,430
9,823
3,794
1,765
2,029
3,823
2,055
1,768
2,207
1,325
882
947
613
334
237
132
54
51
4,746
1,858
862
996
1,861
1,009
852
1,027
616
411
470
310
160
109
63
25
21
10
10
1
4
3
1
79
38
9
29
26
16
10
15
9
26
8
7
1
4
294
1.403
9,729
3,746
1.746
1,999
3,794
2.039
1.755
2,189
1.314
874
936
603
333
234
132
52
50
6.219
285
120
165
699
4,667
1,820
853
967
1,835
993
842
1,012
607
404
463
303
160
105
1,490
244
107
137
312
867
413
219
195
330
198
132
124
69
55
61
37
24
6
5
723
125
70
55
149
433
184
99
85
167
109
58
82
38
44
20
12
8
4
10.3
30.9
30.1
31.6
17.9
8.1
9.8
11.0
8.8
8.0
8.8
7.0
5.3
4.9
5.9
6.1
5.7
6.7
2.4
3.3
8,484
1,431
834
10.3
30.3
36.6
3,241
677
398
279
361
918
331
138
193
290
142
148
297
160
137
401
164
237
884
318
270
296
24.8
17.2
8.4
9.0
10.3
7.8
8.2
9.8
6.4
7.4
5.9
9.6
4.0
3.7
4.7
4.0
(1)
0
O
596
896
2,826
1,124
541
583
918
487
431
784
398
386
1,042
449
593
2,289
771
"638
879
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
,
12,660
1,130
601
529
7,417
376
164
1,408
7,420
2,958
1,425
1,533
2,753
1,481
1,272
1,709
977
732
1,159
613
546
1,543
531
397
615
874
5,511
212
2,165
1,022
1,143
2,125
1,135
990
1,221
739
482
518
328
190
138
77
29
32
58.6
33.3
27.3
40.0
62.1
74.3
73.2
71.7
74.6
77.2
76.7
77.8
71.5
75.7
65.9
44.7
53.5
34.8
9.0
14.6
7.3
5.2
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years.
6,650
257
127
130
712
5,077
1,935
903
1,033
1,962
1,046
916
1,180
709
471
476
303
174
128
70
29
30
1
8
15
10
10
127
129
703
5,062
1,925
893
1,033
1,960
1,046
913
1,177
707
470
474
300
174
128
70
29
30
767
119
37
82
163
434
230
119
110
163
89
74
42
31
11
41
25
16
10
10.3
31.6
22.5
38.7
18.6
7.9
10.6
11.7
9.6
7.7
7.8
7.5
3.4
4.1
2.3
8.0
7.7
8.6
7.2
9.8
O
5,243
754
436
317
534
1,909
793
403
390
628
346
282
487
238
250
641
285
356
1,405
453
368
583
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
23
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over
Total
Employment status and
race
Women, 20 years and
over
Both sexes, 16 to 19
years
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
193,971
127,858
65.9
119,730
3,249
116,481
8:128
6.4
66,113
197,248
131,155
66.5
123,775
3,575
120,201
7,379
5.6
66,093
86,075
66,100
76.8
62,398
2,407
59,990
3,702
5.6
19,975
87,321
76.7
63,937
2,403
61,534
3,059
4.6
20,325
94,575
55,265
58.4
51,989
623
51,366
3,276
5.9
39,310
95,658
57,175
59.8
54,039
893
53,146
3,136
5.5
38,483
13,321
6,493
48.7
5,343
219
5,124
1,150
17.7
6,827
14,269
6,984
48.9
5,800
279
5,521
1,184
17.0
7,285
164,190
109,247
66.5
103,164
3,016
100,148
6,082
5.6
54,944
165,832
111,191
67.1
105,775
3,310
102,464
5,416
4.9
54,641
73,839
57,121
77.4
54,306
2,211
52,096
2,815
4.9
16,718
74,438
57,507
77.3
55,248
2,203
53,045
2,259
3.9
16,931
79,738
46,522
58.3
44,105
605
43,499
2,418
5.2
33,216
80,091
47,787
59.7
45,491
846
44,644
2,296
4.8
32,304
10,614
5,603
52.8
4,753
200
4,553
850
15.2
5,010
11,303
5,897
52.2
5,036
262
4,774
861
14.6
5,406
22,408
13,954
62.3
12,268
165
12,102
1,686
12.1
8,455
22,955
14,472
63.0
12,982
140
12,842
1,490
10.3
8,484
9,057
6,519
72.0
5,803
143
5,659
716
11.0
2,538
9,206
6,642
72.1
6,044
110
5,934
598
9.0
2,564
11,236
6,735
59.9
6,022
10
6,012
712
10.6
4,501
11,530
7,042
61.1
6,393
26
6,368
648
9.2
4,489
2,116
700
33.1
443
12
431
257
36.7
1,416
2,219
788
35.5
545
4
541
244
30.9
1,431
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
24
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1994
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent of
population
Total
Full
time
Unemployed
Part
time
Total
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
16,690
10,937
5,753
8,246
4,670
3,576
49.4
42.7
62.2
7,283
3,969
3,314
1,564
350
1,214
5,718
3,619
2,100
963
701
262
195
120
74
768
581
187
11.7
15.0
7.3
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
7,779
8,911
7,319
1,592
3,121
5,125
3,754
1,371
40.1
57.5
51.3
86.1
2,601
4,682
3,400
1,282
149
1,415
625
790
2,451
3,267
2,775
492
520
443
354
89
81
114
61
52
439
329
293
36
16.7
8.6
9.4
6.5
Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
8,281
5,594
2,686
4,084
2,429
1,654
49.3
43.4
61.6
3,558
2,035
1,523
787
185
602
2,771
1,850
921
526
394
132
101
74
27
425
320
104
12.9
16.2
8.0
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
4,144
4,137
3,481
656
1,726
2,358
1,783
575
41.6
57.0
51.2
87.7
1,433
2,125
1,587
539
94
693
339
354
1,339
1,432
1,248
185
293
232
196
36
53
48
30
19
241
184
166
18
17.0
9.9
11.0
6.3
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
8,410
5,343
3,067
4,162
2,241
1,921
49.5
41.9
62.6
3,725
1,934
1,791
778
166
612
2,947
1,768
1,179
437
307
130
94
46
47
344
261
83
10.5
13.7
6.8
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
3,635
4,774
3,838
936
1,395
2,767
1,971
795
38.4
58.0
51.4
85.0
1,168
2,557
1,813
743
56
722
287
435
1,112
1,835
1,527
308
227
210
158
52
28
65
31
34
198
145
127
18
16.3
7.6
8.0
6.6
13,224
8,632
4,592
6,992
3,959
3,033
52.9
45.9
66.1
6,296
3,454
2,842
1,347
304
1,043
4,949
3,149
1,800
696
505
191
107
69
38
589
436
152
10.0
12.8
6.3
Men
Women
6,606
6,618
3,470
3,521
52.5
53.2
3,078
3,217
684
663
2,394
2,555
392
304
60
47
331
257
11.3
8.6
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
5,993
7,231
5,919
1,312
2,596
4,395
3,235
1,160
43.3
60.8
54.7
88.4
2,225
4,071
2,977
1,094
123
1,224
544
680
2,102
2,847
2,434
414
372
324
258
66
46
61
21
40
326
263
237
26
14.3
7.4
8.0
5.7
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
2,387
1,701
686
834
511
323
34.9
30.0
47.1
642
364
278
148
34
114
495
331
164
191
146
45
64
38
26
127
108
19
23.0
28.7
13.9
Men
Women
1,101
1,287
390
443
35.5
34.5
297
346
56
92
241
254
94
98
30
35
64
63
24.0
22.0
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
1,360
1,027
851
176
393
441
316
125
28.9
43.0
37.1
71.0
278
364
249
115
16
131
57
75
262
233
193
40
114
77
67
11
28
36
33
3
86
41
33
8
29.1
17.5
21.1
8.4
1,776
1,248
527
769
404
365
43.3
32.3
69.2
627
293
334
223
57
166
404
236
168
142
111
31
50
34
16
92
77
16
18.5
27.4
8.6
940
836
433
336
46.0
40.2
345
281
144
79
201
202
88
54
25
25
62
30
20.2
16.2
1,039
737
461
276
276
493
243
249
26.6
66.8
52.8
90.2
192
435
206
229
39
183
32
151
152
252
175
77
84
58
37
21
26
24
8
16
59
34
29
5
30.6
11.7
15.1
8.4
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
See footnotes at end of table.
25
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutionai population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1994
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin
Civilian
noninstitutionai
population
Unemployed
Employed
Total
Percent of
population
Total
Full
time
Part
time
Total
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
15,927
3,332
12,596
12,702
2,314
10,388
79.8
69.5
82.5
11,185
1,831
9,354
9,329
1,287
8,042
1,856
544
1,312
1,517
483
1,034
1,382
420
962
135
64
72
11.9
20.9
10.0
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
3,831
6,774
3,685
1,638
2,335
5,539
3,305
1,523
61.0
81.8
89.7
93.0
1,828
4,931
3,019
1,408
1,458
4,073
2,502
1,296
370
858
516
112
508
609
286
115
457
556
258
110
50
52
28
5
21.7
11.0
8.7
7.6
Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
8,067
1,661
6,406
7,114
1,295
5,818
88.2
78.0
90.8
6,317
1,024
5,293
5,640
828
4,812
677
197
481
796
271
525
747
241
506
50
30
20
20.9
9.0
1,994
1,527
3,285
1,619
76.6
90.6
93.6
95.1
1,231
2,954
1,503
629
1,074
2,619
1,355
592
156
336
296
330
148
37
116
54
275
308
112
52
21
23
4
2
19.4
10.1
7.1
7.9
7,860
1,671
6,189
5,589
1,019
4,570
71.1
61.0
73.8
4,868
807
4,061
3,689
459
3,229
1,179
347
832
721
212
508
635
179
456
33
52
12.9
20.8
11.1
1,837
3,150
1,954
919
809
2,255
1,686
840
44.0
71.6
86.3
91.3
597
1,976
1,516
779
384
1,454
1,147
703
214
522
211
278
170
61
12,707
2,671
10,036
10,450
1,939
8,512
82.2
72.6
84.8
9,379
1.583
7,796
7,887
1,135
6,752
1,492
448
1,045
1,071
356
715
Men
Women
6,479
6,228
5,900
4,551
91.1
73.1
4,046
4,828
3,059
505
987
Less than a high school diploma ..
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
2,914
5,390
2,977
1,426
1,869
4,547
2,698
1,336
64.2
84.4
90.6
93.7
1,524
4,119
2.508
1,228
1,231
3,436
2,090
1,130
2,469
518
1,951
1,696
278
1,419
68.7
53.6
72.7
1,332
180
1,152
Men
Women
1,218
1,252
890
807
73.1
64.4
Less than a high school diploma ..
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
657
1,112
130
314
770
494
119
2,600
595
2,005
Men
Women
Less than a high school diploma ..
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
Women, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19years.
20 to 24 years .
Less than a high school diploma .
High school graduates, no college.,
Less than a bachelor's degree .....
College graduates
3,625
1,730
718
11.2
29
30
24
26.1
959
303
656
113
53
60
10.3
18.4
8.4
566
505
525
434
42
71
9.6
11.1
294
683
418
345
428
190
109
304
384
167
104
41
44
22
5
18.5
9.4
7.0
8.1
1,059
115
944
273
65
208
364
98
267
351
93
258
14
5
9
21.5
35.1
18.8
709
623
579
480
130
143
181
184
178
172
20.3
22.8
47.8
69.3
86.6
91.4
195
614
405
117
138
481
331
109
57
134
74
118
156
115
150
84
1
37.7
20.2
18.1
1.1
1,827
334
1,493
70.3
56.2
74.5
1,553
257
1,296
1,314
198
1,116
239
59
180
274
77
198
244
72
172
31
4
26
15.0
23.0
13.2
1,376
1,223
1,194
86.8
51.7
1,041
512
379
106
133
154
121
136
108
18
13
12.9
19.1
1,286
870
397
47
798
645
349
35
62.1
74.2
87.7
654
560
307
32
106
145
86
42
3
127
77
37
3
17
8
5
18.1
13.3
12.0
368
75
182
249
146
59
12.3
10.1
7.3
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
571
Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and
college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
26
548
481
255
29
78
52
3
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-16. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race
(In thousands)
September 1994
Employed1
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work
At work2
Age, sex, and race
Total
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34
hours for
economic
or
noneconomic
Not
at
work
Total
Part time for
economic
Part time
for
noneconomic
reasons
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
1,292
139
80
58
1,154
147
1,007
658
349
5,842
540
141
398
5,302
1,037
4,265
3,849
417
1,537
644
382
262
893
259
634
490
143
Not
at
work
TOTAL
89,180
1,381
124
1,258
87,799
8,284
79,515
70,365
3,339
39
18,637
3,773
2,207
1,566
14,864
2,732
11,114
4,248
3,007
251
21
230
2,756
533
2,223
2,009
214
1,314
109
1,204
259
946
850
96
5,820
1,873
3,947
1,091
2,856
1,367
339
7,500
2,047
5,453
1,402
4,051
2,326
1,725
366
65
301
52
249
109
140
3,071
315
2,756
533
2,223
1,985
238
653
350
303
124
179
104
75
1,565
13
1,552
105
1,447
1,229
218
15,436
2,115
13,321
2,011
11,310
8,788
2,522
1,693
142
1,551
274
1,277
1,159
118
12,817
1,900
10,917
1,641
9,276
7,080
2,196
926
74
853
95
757
549
209
2,771
225
2,546
503
2,042
1,864
179
884
294
590
135
455
386
68
3,635
99
3,536
353
3,182
2,635
547
1,532
25
1,507
90
1,417
6,389
1,755
4,634
1,144
3,489
1,901
1,589
1,019
77
942
189
754
672
82
5,047
1,622
3,425
919
2,506
1,134
1,372
323
56
266
36
230
95
135
2,237
224
2,012
361
1,652
1,435
217
511
265
246
108
138
77
60
3,462
91
1,309
6
1,303
78
1,225
13,625
1,842
11,783
1,700
10,083
7,824
2,259
1,320
126
1,193
215
978
883
95
11,479
1,651
9,828
1,411
8,416
6,444
1,972
827
65
762
73
689
497
192
1,954
148
1,806
333
1,473
1,344
129
715
225
490
103
387
332
54
168
156
12
763
208
555
163
392
296
96
224
26
198
59
140
135
5
509
175
333
96
238
151
87
30
7
24
9
15
10
4
629
67
562
141
421
414
6
95
58
37
8
28
19
9
211
3
208
24
184
159
25
1,271
188
1,084
209
875
677
198
294
6
288
47
240
221
19
911
177
734
146
588
420
67
5
62
16
46
36
10
641
64
577
143
434
393
41
126
55
71
20
52
41
11
8,320
217
23
194
8,103
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
100,840
1,637
10,795
9,150
1,089
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
59,497
1,012
58,484
5,414
53,070
46,479
6,591
53,506
880
52,625
4,877
47,748
42,103
5,645
4,217
106
4,111
431
3,680
3,073
607
1,774
26
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
41,343
625
40,718
3,842
36,876
32,672
4,204
35,675
501
4,103
111
35,174
3,407
31,767
28,262
3,505
3,992
329
3,662
145
1,492
99,202
9,256
89,946
79,151
760
7,343
6,254
3,181
481
40
3,300
212
3,088
2,531
557
1,748
107
1,641
1,302
22,936
4,162
2,308
1,854
18,774
3,412
15,361
12,132
8,447
3,685
White
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
51,521
50,614
46,354
782
45,572
4,606
46,009
40,082
5,927
4,162
41,410
36,351
5,059
34,240
533
33,708
3,189
30,519
26,852
29,469
435
29,033
906
3,667
2,839
26,195
23,160
3,035
3,371
272
3,099
2,658
1,096
321
1,034
441
191
445
6
174
1
438
174
6
Black
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
5,568
80
5,488
484
73
4,876
486
4,391
3,968
422
5,379
69
5,310
49
4,633
503
4,807
4,400
407
427
4,206
3,854
352
555
4,933
4,450
4,681
63
375
326
49
487
17
470
52
418
388
30
1
Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on their usual
weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are at work during the
reference week. Persons absent from work are also classified according to their usual
status.
2
Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason for
working part time.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
27
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17. Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
66,997
62,398
63,937
54,571
56,779
51,989
54,039
34,197
16,636
722
17,724
9,505
417
7,017
2,072
8,219
1,705
785
367
703
381
502
1,042
645
2,090
16,754
8,914
402
6,540
17,635
15,593
6,387
273
16,474
7,131
305
4,557
2,268
15,508
6,360
272
16,366
7,096
306
4,530
13,381
1,863
297
920
646
7,626
2,775
1,509
1,160
2,156
26
3,893
297
213
75
197
629
2,481
12,580
1,953
319
12,786
1,845
996
638
6,973
2,550
908
498
6,656
24
1,830
4,802
2,410
234
1,599
558
32,412
15,334
675
10,564
4,095
17,079
1,638
1,062
503
872
2,747
833
,
4,429
802
4,192
,
Sept.
1994
11,574
4,340
17,562
1,861
1,236
540
910
2,675
915
4,289
880
4,256
Sept.
1993
16,820
8,947
402
6,566
1,979
7,873
1,473
720
350
682
357
459
1,139
617
2,077
36,454 37,296
3,898 j 3,881
1,562
1,592
1,238
1,194
1,098
1,095
14,111 14,871
4,058
4,460
2,399
2,442
1,512
1,498
6,046
6,369
96
103
18,445 18,543
751
800
563
535
4,182
4,198
2,207
2,257
969
1,024
9,724
9,778
13,132
6,632
38
1,781
4,813
2,385
1,969
319
1,004
646
7,337
2,561
1,448
1,180
2,106
42
3,825
317
196
63
231
598
2,421
1,972
7,841
1,473
717
349
682
357
453
1,131
617
2,062
1,436
1,173
1,773
42
3,653
315
191
59
226
577
9,461
417
6,978
2,067
8,174
1,704
784
367
701
381
499
1,032
645
2,061
296
641
7,217
2,770
1,500
1,155
1,767
25
3,724
294
206
68
194
3,998
2,116
9,206
165
342
154
190
2,391
374
3,291
185
2,114
1,185
189
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
17,223
7,438
5,148
3,887
1,261
4,636
742
3,894
18,239
7,982
5,193
3,942
1,251
5,064
822
4,243
13,052
4,607
4,648
3,453
1,195
3,797
713
3,084
13,728
4,924
4,695
3,499
1,196
4,108
788
3,320
12,136
4,449
4,555
3,382
1,173
3,132
669
2,463
12,746
4,737
4,603
3,426
1,177
3,406
732
2,674
4,171
2,831
500
434
3,566
1,235
2,332
3,881
1,502
2,379
3,028
1,050
1,979
3,093
1,095
1,998
2,795
1,040
1,756
2,831
1,062
1,769
538
185
353
4,212
77
2,059
395
7,297
1,343
2,164
12,179
4,168
4,954
3,057
95
901
66
839
30
810
185
2,091
22,046
1,900
1,224
223
453
940
325
3,167
53
338
9,880
12,313
4,241
5,124
2,949
3,262
1,470
9,763
913
327
8,523
3,268
1,994
1,227
2,034
12,415
4,240
5,072
3,103
2,389
370
934
5,759
20
1,802
3,937
1,713
220
1,512
12,495
4,313
5,211
2,972
153
190
5,955
5,819
36
1,764
4,019
1,737
244
1,581
458
13,626
4,420
5,191
4,016
2,113
9,148
165
342
1,685
371
7,303
492
3,974
449
7,246
606
2,357
2,286
13,679
4,501
5,305
3,873
28
413
3,247
235
2,166
14,651
454
322
4,123
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
2,293
14,620
484
367
4,119
1,976
16,535
720
256
1,674
156
452
173
207
23,915
2,018
1,295
275
16,395
951
2,108
13,337
5,653
2,250
2,901
2,532
2,213
13,602
5,800
2,137
2,943
2,722
9,343
23,322
1,929
1,244
233
452
6,774
1,496
951
332
3,939
55
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations
20 years
and over
16 years
and over
119,730 123,775 65,159
Total
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical
20 years
and over
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations
16 years
and over
16 years
and over
Occupation
Women
Men
Total
14,192
483
351
4,041
1,951
347
7,018
2,259
9,270
156
452
173
202
2,293
412
3,215
235
2,132
22,481
2,002
1,287
270
445
6,254
1,665
920
336
3,261
72
14,226
451
320
4,029
2,034
385
7,008
8,782
804
314
8,969
649
373
7,665
2,655
1,927
1,163
1,920
7,947
2,737
1,845
1,311
2,054
1,211
180
119
913
1,154
187
82
885
1,179
177
111
892
4,512
3,058
3,992
2,770
497
442
55
956
33
922
489
425
64
733
29
704
4,309
2,977
490
435
55
842
788
407
381
507
185
322
696
383
8,800
3,391
1,903
31
811
735
396
338
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Men
Total
Occupation and race
Women
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
119,730
100.0
123,775
100.0
65,159
100.0
66,997
100.0
54,571
100.0
56,779
100.0
27.1
12.8
14.3
30.4
3.3
27.6
13.4
14.2
25.8
13.7
26.5
14.2
29.0
12.6
12.1
20.2
3.0
12.3
20.0
2.8
28.6
11.7
16.9
42.7
3.5
11.8
12.0
15.0
13.4
.6
11.3
11.4
5.8
9.9
26.8
17.9
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
15.4
13.7
.8
1.8
11.1
11.4
14.4
6.2
4.3
3.9
3.0
30.1
3.1
1.8
11.0
11.0
14.7
6.4
4.2
4.1
5.9
10.2
.1
2.7
7.4
19.2
20.0
0
2.7
7.2
18.5
20.5
7.3
7.0
1.7
.6
15.6
2.2
7.6
5.2
.9
1.5
1.0
16.5
42.1
3.6
12.8
25.8
17.4
1.2
.7
15.5
2.1
7.9
5.4
.9
1.7
1.4
12.4
3.1
7.1
7.1
5.8
4.6
103,164
100.0
105,775
100.0
56,762
100.0
57,910
100.0
46,402
100.0
47,865
100.0
28.1
13.5
14.6
30.8
3.2
12.3
28.8
14.1
14.7
30.5
26.9
27.6
14.9
12.7
20.2
2.8
12.0
5.5
29.7
30.1
13.1
17.1
8.9
6.1
4.6
White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
15.3
12.4
.8
1.6
10.0
11.9
13.5
5.8
4.2
3.6
3.2
3.1
12.6
14.8
12.2
.5
1.7
10.0
11.4
13.8
5.9
4.0
14.5
12.3
20.3
3.0
11.9
5.5
9.1
.1
2.5
6.5
20.0
18.9
6.7
O
2.6
6.3
19.2
19.2
6.9
6.7
5.7
12.3
17.4
43.7
3.5
42.9
3.6
12.9
27.3
13.3
26.0
16.5
1.6
.5
16.2
1.1
.6
14.4
2.1
7.0
4.7
.9
1.4
1.1
14.5
2.0
7.2
4.8
.8
1.6
1.5
3.8
3.3
6.9
5.3
4.9
12,268
100.0
12,982
100.0
6,027
100.0
6,331
100.0
6,241
100.0
6,650
100.0
17.1
7.4
9.7
27.9
3.1
7.5
17.3
23.4
1.1
2.9
19.1
9.1
10.0
27.7
2.8
8.0
16.9
21.6
14.1
7.0
7.2
17.8
2.8
6.2
8.9
19.0
15.8
8.7
7.1
20.1
7.9
22.1
9.5
12.2
17.2
2.3
6.6
8.3
17.8
19.4
8.3
17.8
8.3
21.6
9.8
5.8
6.0
1.6
.1
4.3
13.4
14.4
31.8
11.3
37.6
3.4
8.7
25.5
27.7
2.2
1.2
24.3
2.7
11.6
8.3
12.7
37.7
3.2
9.2
25.2
25.3
1.7
1.6
22.0
2.6
11.9
8.5
10.7
9.9
2.9
1.3
2.1
.3
1.2
2.3
.4
4.8
Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
1
Less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
21.3
9.2
5.8
6.3
1.9
.9
2.9
4.8
14.2
14.2
31.3
10.2
10.5
10.6
3.5
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
29
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Employed persons by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
September 1994
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry
Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries .
Professional services...
Public administration
1
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support
Total
Executive,
AdminisTechniemadminiscians
trative Private
Profesployed
Other
trative,
and
Sales support, housesional
service1
and
specialty related
including hold
manasupport
clerical
gerial
Precision
Farming,
Machine
producoperHandlers, forestry,
Transportion,
ators,
equipment
and
tation
craft,
cleaners, fishing
assemand
and
blers,
helpers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
laborers
inspectors
8
12
67
749
321
429
152
62
460
2,046
1,127
919
15
7
38
300
138
163
37
212
4,531
3,723
2,551
1,172
3
14
99
6,512
3,487
3,025
59
117
561
755
428
327
21
18
908
1,083
506
578
3,064
502
501
103
397
284
322
168 10,603
35 1,968
134 8,635
2,311
2,317
755
1,562
251
4,839
23
4,816
1,261
1,348
294
1,054
131
380
167
213
2,026
1,016
444
572
584
1,932
424
1,508
17
104
66
38
333
13,303
10
13,293
11,908
856
149 2,058
2,258 1,068
1
2
2,256 1,067
1,971
230
22
204
2,962
6,770
5
6,765
5,061
1,464
311
8,451
95
8,356
5,061
1,603
156
2,132
7
2,125
472
226
20
800
2
798
232
23
10
595
6
588
305
54
12
472
8
465
80
33
80
448
39
409
104
42
3,575
649
7,979
20,258
11,864
8,394
92
107
1,081
2,577
1,596
981
84
78
140
1,766
1,194
572
8,769
25,505
4,831
20,674
1,080
2,296
551
1,745
8,290
42,866
900
41,966
29,079
5,884
2,198
5,849
5
5,844
3,654
1,356
40
22
78
639
420
219
Includes protective service, not shown separately.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
30
Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers
Service
occupations
720
720
17
107
98
9
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-20. Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
September 1994
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers
Age and sex
Wage
SelfUnpaid
and
employed family
salary
workers workers
workers
Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
1,824
177
79
98
278
546
411
224
116
72
1,694
83
62
20
49
229
389
342
305
296
57
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
1,380
142
58
84
224
424
297
155
89
49
1,218
72
54
18
45
161
281
229
208
223
31
13
5
7
8
444
35
21
15
54
122
114
69
27
23
475
11
9
2
4
68
108
113
98
73
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
1
12
7
8
2
4
8
13
3
O
6
3
25
6
Less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Private industries
Total
Total
Other
Private
private
household
workers industries
Unpaid
Selfemployed family
Government workers workers
111,072
5,408
2,241
3,167
12,067
29,915
30,417
20,958
9,593
2,714
92,710
5,201
2,180
3,022
11,092
25,906
24,612
16,044
7,626
2,229
890
64
39
24
106
137
199
168
130
87
91,820
5,138
2,140
2,997
10,987
25,768
24,413
15,876
7,496
2,142
18,362
206
61
145
975
4,009
5,805
4,914
1,967
485
8,998
109
59
50
248
1,787
2,781
2,173
1,242
658
130
58,702
2,770
1,146
1,625
6,387
16,205
16,006
10,864
5,057
1,414
50,383
2,681
1,110
1,571
5,948
14,390
13,477
8,597
4,142
1,149
90
15
6
10
19
16
12
10
11
6
50,293
2,665
1,104
1,561
5,929
14,374
13,465
8,586
4,131
1,142
8,319
90
36
54
439
1,815
2,529
2,267
915
265
5,625
57
36
21
138
1,065
1,758
1,354
822
432
39
52,370
2,637
1,095
1,542
5,680
13,710
14,412
10,094
4,535
1,301
42,327
2,521
1,070
1,451
5,144
11,516
11,135
7,447
3,484
1,080
800
48
33
15
86
122
187
157
119
81
41,527
2,472
1,036
1,436
5,058
11,394
10,948
7,290
3,365
1,000
10,043
117
26
91
536
2,195
3,277
2,647
1,052
220
3,373
52
23
28
110
722
1,023
819
421
226
1
4
18
17
30
31
24
1
14
0
2
3
10
4
91
4
16
28
28
14
1
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
31
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21.
Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricuiture industries by hours of work
September 1994
Percent distribution
Thousands of persons
Hours of work
All
industries
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
All
industries
Nonagricultural
industries
Agriculture
119,144
3,385
115,759
100.0
100.0
100.0
1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours
29,094
1,214
4,917
14,636
8,327
1,065
84
284
469
228
28,029
1,130
4,633
14,166
8,099
24.4
1.0
4.1
12.3
7.0
31.5
2.5
8.4
13.9
6.7
24.2
1.0
4.0
12.2
7.0
35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over
90,050
8,571
41,829
39,650
14,878
14,353
10,419
2,320
163
586
1,571
289
404
878
87,731
8,408
41,244
38,079
14,589
13,950
9,540
75.6
7.2
35.1
33.3
12.5
12.0
8.7
68.5
4.8
17.3
46.4
8.5
11.9
25.9
75.8
7.3
35.6
32.9
12.6
12.1
8.2
39.7
43.9
43.5
52.6
39.5
43.7
Total, 16 years and over
Average hours, total at work
Average hours, persons who usually work full time
Employment and Earnings. Detail on persons at work in tables A-21 through
A-25 may not sum to the totals shown because of minor editing problems
associated with the redesign survey.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
A-22. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working less than 35 hours and usual
full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1994
All industries
Nonagricultural industries
Reason for working less than 35 hours
Total
Total, 16 years and over
Usually
work
full time
Usually
work
part time
Total
Usually
work
full time
Usually
work
part time
29,094
8,320
20,774
28,029
8,095
19,934
4,017
2,187
1,588
55
187
1,212
996
2,805
1,191
1,588
26
3,831
2,070
1,538
38
185
1,148
944
2,683
1,126
1,538
19
25,077
593
5,752
639
6,441
1,871
2,794
802
138
6,046
7,108
43
760
17,969
551
4,992
639
6,329
1,871
6,947
43
729
2,794
802
138
2,459
3,587
24,198
576
5,536
606
6,230
1,708
2,750
781
127
5,885
2,750
781
127
2,410
3,475
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
22.5
21.1
24.2
25.7
21.8
19.3
22.6
21.2
24.1
25.7
21.9
19.4
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
Economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Seasonal work
Job started or ended during week
Noneconomic reasons
Child-care problems
Other family or personal obligations
Health or medical limitations
In school or training
Retired or Social Security limit on earnings
Vacation or personal day
Holiday, legal or religious
Weather-related curtailment
All other reasons
32
29
187
112
19
185
106
17,251
533
4,806
606
6,123
1,708
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1994
Average hours
Worked 1 to 34 hours
Industry and class of worker
For noneconomic
reasons
Total
at
work
Total
Total 16 years and over
115,759
28,029
Wage and salary workers
107,101
For
economic
Worked
35 hours
or more
Total
at
work
Persons who
usually work
full time
Usually
work
full
time
Usually
work
part
time
3,831
6,947
17,251
87,731
39.5
43.7
25,233
3,326
6,425
15,481
81,868
39.5
43.4
611
38
7
21
10
572
47.9
48.5
6,183
997
278
421
5,186
41.4
42.9
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
19,150
11,199
7,951
2,218
1,099
1,120
343
140
203
1,128
630
498
747
328
418
16,932
10,100
6,831
42.8
43.6
41.8
43.9
44.4
43.3
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
8,064
22,742
7,267
1,173
7,793
1,299
149
1,042
95
450
1,003
507
574
5,749
697
6,892
14,948
5,968
42.3
37.1
40.2
44.3
43.9
42.5
Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration
37,390
851
36,539
5,695
10,815
496
10,318
900
1,345
107
1,239
67
2,374
25
2,350
521
7,095
365
6,730
312
26,575
355
26,221
4,795
37.9
28.3
38.1
40.7
43.0
43.8
43.0
42.2
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
8,528
130
2,735
61
501
4
518
3
1,717
53
5,793
40.2
37.0
47.2
47.7
Mining
Construction
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
33
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1994
Average hours
Worked 1 to 34 hours
For noneconomic
Industry and class of worker
Total
at
work
Total
115,759
5,350
2,228
3,122
110,409
11,980
98,429
85,025
13,405
28,029
3,995
2,094
1,901
24,034
3,819
20,215
15,689
4,526
62,309
2,749
1,147
1,602
59,560
6,384
53,176
45,883
7,293
For
economic
reasons
Worked
35 hours
or more
Total
at
work
Persons who
usually work
full time
Usually
work
full
time
Usually
work
part
time
3,831
290
20
271
3,540
591
2,950
2,647
302
6,947
146
18
128
6,801
599
6,202
5,269
933
17,251
3,558
2,056
1,502
13,693
2,629
11,063
7,773
3,290
87,731
1,355
134
1,221
86,375
8,162
78,214
69,335
8,879
39.5
23.9
17.4
28.5
40.3
36.5
40.8
41.5
36.4
43.7
39.8
38.5
39.9
43.7
42.2
43.9
44.1
42.8
10,406
1,922
1,064
858
8,484
1,652
6,831
4,901
1,931
1,807
130
9
121
1,677
286
1,391
1,231
160
3,388
68
12
56
3,320
331
2,990
2,489
501
5,211
1,724
1,042
682
3,486
1,036
2,451
1,181
1,270
51,904
827
83
744
51,076
4,731
46,345
40,983
5,362
42.6
25.5
18.2
30.7
43.4
38.7
44.0
44.7
39.3
45.2
41.0
39.3
41.2
45.3
43.1
45.5
45.7
44.1
53,450
2,601
1,081
1,520
50,849
5,596
45,253
39,141
6,112
17,623
2,073
1,030
1,043
15,550
2,166
13,384
10,789
2,595
2,024
161
10
150
1,863
304
1,559
1,416
143
3,559
78
6
72
3,481
268
3,212
2,780
432
12,040
1,834
1,014
820
10,206
1,593
8,613
6,593
2,020
35,827
528
51
35,299
3,430
31,869
28,352
3,516
36.0
22.2
16.6
26.2
36.7
34.0
37.0
37.6
33.0
41.5
37.9
37.0
37.9
41.5
41.0
41.6
41.7
40.9
98,653
53,711
44,941
24,203
8,860
15,343
3,006
1,424
1,582
5,963
2,948
3,014
15,234
4,487
10,747
74,450
44,852
29,598
39.7
43.0
35.8
44.0
45.6
41.6
12,367
6,017
6,349
2,754
1,112
1,642
644
294
350
748
340
408
1,361
478
883
9,613
4,905
4,707
38.4
40.1
36.8
41.5
42.6
40.4
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
38,872
7,243
16,195
4,523
1,167
4,716
785
293
729
2,131
437
821
1,607
437
3,166
34,349
6,076
11,479
44.5
43.1
38.0
45.8
45.2
43.5
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
29,738
10,712
13,000
9,624
2,844
5,155
889
481
654
1,989
786
784
6,747
1,577
3,716
20,113
7,868
7,846
36.1
38.0
34.0
41.3
41.9
41.5
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
,
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
,
,
,
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
,
,
,
,
,
All
Race
White, 16 years and over
Men
Women
Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women
,
,
Marital status
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
34
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1994
Average hours
Worked 1 to 34 hours
Occupation and sex
For noneconomic
reasons
Total
at
work
Total
115,476
27,989
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
33,076
16,045
17,031
35,832
3,720
14,333
17,779
15,842
682
2,112
13,048
13,156
5,921
2,199
4,987
4,890
3,721
10,276
855
4,370
5,050
6,554
414
397
5,742
1,733
3,506
1,112
845
1,549
1
61,864
10,273
17,207
9,218
7,989
12,982
1,801
7,431
3,750
6,421
22
1,746
4,654
11,994
13,261
4,772
4,505
3,984
2,118
917
1,201
Total, 16 years and over1
Men, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
1
17,570
7,693
1,322
745
15
268
1,692
1,504
2,368
Worked
35 hours
or more
Total
at
work
Persons who
usually work
full time
Usually
work
full
time
Usually
work
part
time
3,802
6,937
17,250
87,487
39.6
43.7
486
2,191
1,033
1,158
2,171
278
3,244
1,002
2,242
7,018
511
3,199
3,308
4,704
308
27,156
13,846
13,310
25,556
2,864
42.5
44.3
40.9
37.7
39.2
39.0
36.3
34.1
27.5
42.2
33.1
42.3
40.7
41.4
43.7
36.7
45.3
46.0
44.6
42.6
42.3
45.4
40.6
42.2
43.1
45.0
41.5
43.6
43.7
42.7
46.8
41.8
165
322
1,087
66
530
490
641
9,963
12,729
1,252
782
22
149
611
767
1,026
513
215
4,197
7,306
492
11,423
1,792
385
465
14,064
299
942
6,581
4,142
3,342
1,783
3,358
5,132
51,592
42.7
45.3
215
100
115
312
20
173
120
334
11
33
290
441
481
998
503
495
637
118
325
194
326
905
313
591
1,358
101
825
431
1,316
4
117
1,194
380
1,174
178
280
716
15,089
8,301
6,788
10,675
1,562
6,108
3,005
4,445
7
1,478
2,961
10,490
10,893
4,233
3,888
2,772
45.6
46.7
44.2
42.5
42.6
44.0
39.5
37.4
47.3
47.8
46.6
45.6
1,067
84
49
935
474
687
214
165
308
199
9,289
268
1,715
43.8
35.1
42.6
41.8
42.8
44.8
37.1
44.1
47.5
42.7
43.3
(2)
45.8
42.1
43.7
44.5
44.0
47.0
42.0
0
617
1,212
99
136
246
118
208
683
714
261
202
251
53,611
17,716
2,020
3,578
12,118
35,896
35.9
41.5
15,869
6,827
271
64
207
775
47
357
1,192
2,339
529
663
1,534
689
1,651
5,661
12,067
5,545
6,522
160
410
2,374
2,876
39.2
41.0
37.9
34.9
36.1
33.6
35.4
31.8
27.5
34.5
32.0
39.3
37.5
39.0
33.7
34.8
42.9
43.4
42.5
40.5
40.3
42.1
40.0
41.2
43.2
40.5
41.2
41.7
40.8
40.6
43.2
40.8
539
9,042
3,803
1,282
2,520
22,850
1,919
7,969
616
6,902
14,029
3,048
4,305
4,578
9,421
661
366
8,395
1,162
4,309
2,922
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
2
2,306
239
For
economic
reasons
482
906
399
129
4,050
229
1,138
574
228
336
371
733
73
15
644
33
207
115
30
62
316
1,058
456
22
31
403
83
313
252
12
48
3,388
303
82
3,003
112
618
207
185
226
14,881
1,302
3,854
9,724
4,843
262
237
4,345
933
3,172
2,348
254
569
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
35
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-26. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men
Marital status, race, and age
Thousands of
persons
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
4,334
1,583
652
3,724
1,264
539
2,099
White, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
3,269
1,319
514
Black, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
Women
Unemployment
rates
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
1,921
6.2
3.7
8.1
11.2
2,748
999
416
1,333
873
182
110
582
Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
2,986
Thousands of
persons
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
5.3
2.9
6.5
9.9
3,794
808
3,655
1,420
763
1,455
1,472
5.4
3.5
7.6
9.4
4.5
2.6
6.0
8.5
2,813
1,270
723
158
12.7
5.8
95
471
1,514
631
2,402
1,194
524
842
White, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
Black, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
6.5
6.7
10.1
6.0
4.3
6.3
9.8
590
953
1,220
511
938
5.7
4.5
6.1
8.5
5.3
4.1
5.3
8.1
10.6
21.5
10.3
4.8
8.7
17.4
812
175
188
450
767
110
202
455
11.5
7.3
9.4
17.0
10.3
4.4
9.6
16.1
4.0
2.9
6.5
6.9
2,698
2,497
1,387
743
1,258
684
5.1
3.7
8.0
8.4
5.5
4.6
6.4
8.0
4.9
4.0
6.0
7.2
2,299
1,259
492
547
1,789
941
406
442
4.5
3.4
7.5
6.8
3.5
2.6
6.1
5.6
2,010
1,150
542
318
1,860
1,087
477
296
4.9
4.3
5.8
6.1
4.4
3.9
5.2
5.5
542
173
109
259
449
154
9.6
5.6
7.8
4.9
485
99
9.5
6.9
7.9
4.2
90
204
10.8
16.8
173
214
8.8
13.2
566
161
171
234
13.9
8.5
12.2
1,437
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
36
Unemployment
rates
8.5
1,530
569
699
540
4.8
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation
Men
Total
Total
Sept.
1993
Total, 16 years and over1
Unemployment rates
Sept.
1994
Women
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
8,128
7,379
6.4
5.6
6.2
5.3
6.5
6.0
992
505
486
958
461
498
3.0
3.2
2.8
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.7
2.9
2.4
2.3
2.6
3.2
3.9
2.6
3.0
3.2
2.9
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
2,080
167
878
1,035
1,889
137
818
935
5.4
4.1
5.9
5.3
4.8
3.4
5.2
4.8
4.7
3.4
4.5
5.8
4.0
3.5
3.9
4.3
5.8
4.9
7.3
5.2
5.3
3.3
6.5
4.9
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
1,258
63
118
1,078
1,424
87
94
1,243
7.1
6.2
5.3
7.5
7.0
7.2
5.5
10.6
7.3
10.7
6.2
8.0
954
236
493
225
743
175
396
172
1,694
714
380
600
152
448
1,473
618
253
602
130
471
Farming, forestry, and fishing
260
300
No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
847
541
155
151
546
309
116
121
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
1
Includes a small number of persons whose last job was in the Armed
Forces.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
7.9
8.1
4.1
8.4
4.3
7.9
7.7
(2)
3.6
9.1
6.5
5.0
8.5
5.5
5.2
3.8
7.1
4.1
6.4
5.2
8.4
4.4
5.1
3.6
7.2
3.5
8.0
.7
12.2
8.9
6.3
7.8
4.2
6.3
9.0
8.5
7.5
8.8
8.2
3.7
12.8
10.2
7.0
6.5
4.7
10.1
13.8
9.2
10.2
6.9
11.5
17.0
10.3
7.5
7.2
4.6
10.6
13.7
10.0
10.6
12.8
6.*
7.2
6.2
6.3
10.0
10.4
8.8
10.8
(2)
6.9
11.7
17.5
10.8
6.5
10.4
0
0
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
37
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-28. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry
Total
Sept.
1993
Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery and computing equipment
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
38
Unemployment rates
Men
Total
Sept.
1994
Women
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
8,128
7,379
6.4
5.6
6.2
5.3
6.5
6.0
6,286
5,671
6.6
5.8
6.5
5.4
6.7
6.1
46
680
32
530
6.6
11.2
4.8
8.4
6.8
11.4
5.5
8.7
5.4
9.1
1.2
4.9
1,371
794
56
33
1,054
619
52
36
65
71
11
32
85
114
6.8
6.8
8.0
5.3
6.4
8.1
5.7
5.7
7.2
7.5
4.5
10.7
5.4
5.8
6.1
7.6
4.5
5.6
7.4
5.6
5.1
5.8
6.6
3.7
9.6
5.5
8.9
5.5
6.6
6.5
8.2
3.1
6.0
3.7
4.2
7.5
4.7
4.9
6.6
6.4
2.7
2.9
5.0
4.7
3.9
5.2
2.4
8.2
2.6
11.3
4.2
5.3
5.5
5.9
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.8
1.7
8.7
8.7
10.1
7.7
9.1
11.6
5.9
7.2
9.1
10.6
6.8
7.7
7.1
10.9
3.9
5.4
5.9
5.7
7.1
5.1
5.1
6.7
7.1
2.0
3.9
6.4
4.6
3.2
5.1
2.9
7.6
5.0
9.8
5.0
5.7
6.1
7.5
4.7
4.1
3.7
5.3
2.7
15.0
5.4
12.2
8.7
9.7
7.8
11.9
6.4
4.7
10.0
9.3
7.1
5.8
5.5
7.4
8.4
.2
9.0
10.2
4.4
2.3
4.8
4.4
5.5
8.3
7.2
6.2
6.2
6.8
8.1
10.0
4.7
3.0
6.5
4.9
4.9
6.5
2.7
7.2
5.9
7.5
4.1
6.1
4.2
9.0
4.2
4.5
3.7
6.6
5.0
7.0
4.6
5.7
3.8
8.5
5.3
6.9
2.6
6.4
5.2
6.8
3.8
6.4
3.8
8.7
4.3
4.6
3.6
5.8
3.9
6.4
3.3
5.4
3.0
7.5
4.0
5.1
2.9
8.2
7.6
8.2
4.3
5.9
4.3
9.4
4.0
4.1
4.0
7.6
7.5
7.6
5.4
5.8
4.1
9.7
8.4
2.8
8.8
3.3
6.7
2.8
8.0
3.0
14.2
2.7
11.1
3.5
131
134
176
54
122
37
55
577
144
47
116
30
95
74
48
23
337
260
78
1,748
264
1,484
307
1,797
738
1,058
163
832
847
46
61
119
36
83
34
65
435
107
41
80
36
71
46
47
10
297
195
102
1,673
237
1,436
354
1,733
696
1,037
175
987
546
10.5
6.9
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table A-29. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Reason
Men,
20 years
and over
Total,
16 years
and over
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Women,
20 years
and over
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Both sexes,
16 to 19
years
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
White
Black
Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept.
1993 1994 1993 1994
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
8,128
4,206
849
3,357
0
0
975
2,167
780
7,379
3,206
614
2,592
1,865
727
935
2,692
546
3,702
2,523
504
2,019
O
O
398
685
96
3,059
1,780
327
1,453
1,021
432
417
804
59
3,276
1,521
319
1,201
0
0
417
1,163
175
3,136
1,258
234
1,024
802
222
400
1,299
178
1,150
163
25
137
O
O
159
319
509
1,184
167
52
115
42
73
118
590
309
0
0
0
O
530
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
6,082 5,416 1,686 1,490
534
3,219 2,462 823
120
76
706
501
458
2,513 1,962 703
317
1,423
141
539
177 135
755
754 1,866 477 660
208 161
1,580 332
100.0
51.7
10.4
41.3
12.0
26.7
9.6
100.0
43.4
8.3
35.1
12.7
36.5
7.4
100.0
68.1
13.6
54.5
10.8
18.5
2.6
100.0
58.2
10.7
47.5
13.6
26.3
1.9
100.0
46.4
9.8
36.7
12.7
35.5
5.3
100.0
40.1
7.5
32.7
12.8
41.4
5.7
100.0
14.1
2.2
11.9
13.9
27.7
44.3
3.3
.8
1.7
.6
2.4
.7
2.1
.4
3.8
.6
1.0
.1
27
.
2.8
.8
2.1
.3
2.2
.7
2.3
.3
2.5
2.5
4.9
7.8
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
14.1 52.9 45.5 48.8 35.8
7.1
9.2
4.4 11.6
5.1
9.7 41.3 36.2 41.7 30.7
10.0 12.4 13.9 10.5
9.1
49.8 26.0 34.5 28.3 44.3
8.7
26.1
6.1 12.3 10.8
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
N e w entrants
1
Not available.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
1.2
.1
2.4
1.7
8.4
4.4
2.9
.7
1.4
.5
2.2
.7
1.7
.3
5.9
1.3
3.4
1.5
3.7
.9
4.6
1.1
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
39
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
September 1994
Total unemployed
Duration of unemployment
Reason, sex, and age
15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons
Less than
5 weeks
Percent
5 to 14
weeks
Total
15 to 26
weeks
27 weeks
and over
7,379
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ...
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
28.4
34.6
14.6
20.1
33.9
53.9
29.2
24.9
40.3
51.2
37.1
29.6
30.0
30.4
29.9
29.9
29.8
26.0
27.0
30.4
36.1
15.7
40.9
45.2
29.9
22.8
35.9
40.0
15.7
16.7
20.4
6.0
23.8
25.7
18.8
14.9
20.8
23.3
100.0
31.5
26.3
42.2
15.8
26.4
1,780
327
30.6
46.2
27.0
23.7
35.0
42.4
27.9
28.9
33.5
27.8
28.1
27.3
26.6
21.4
40.6
20.3
45.1
48.3
37.7
31.0
50.7
16.3
12.1
17.2
18.9
13.2
5.3
20.5
24.3
8.2
27.9
29.4
24.5
25.7
30.2
59
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
36.5
30.4
33.1
14.6
18.5
1,258
234
1,024
802
222
400
1,299
178
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
34.0
60.7
27.8
25.3
36.9
53.8
34.7
28.3
32.1
27.8
33.0
31.3
39.2
27.6
30.3
26.2
34.0
11.5
39.1
43.3
23.8
18.6
35.0
45.4
16.9
8.4
18.9
21.1
10.8
10.6
13.0
18.9
17.1
1,184
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ...
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
37.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
3,136
Men, 20 years and over
100.0
3.206
614
2,592
1,865
727.
935
2,692
546
3,059
Total, 16 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ...
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
100.0
52.3
28.6
19.0
11.4
7.6
167
52
115
42
73
118
590
309
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
69.5
26.5
4.0
.7
3.3
1,453
1,021
432
417
804
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ...
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
0
0
O
O
68.5
28.1
O
0
73.6
55.0
29.8
9.7
17.1
19.5
11.1
7.8
15.1
O
O
O
1.1
3.4
O
0
O
0
18.6
27.3
36.2
7.8
17.7
34.0
o
3.1
20.3
22.2
13.1
8.0
22.0
26.6
O
2.4
O
0
7.3
12.5
16.6
5.2
17.4
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
A-31. Unemployed total and fuM-tkne workers by duration of unemployment
Full-time workers
Total
Duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons
Sept.
1993
Total 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Averaae (mean) duration in weeks
Median duration in weeks
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Thousands of persons
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Percent distribution
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
8,128
7,379
100.0
100.0
6.405
5,842
100.0
100.0
3,121
2,243
1,565
678
2,764
1,115
1,649
711
937
2,727
2,098
1,356
742
2,554
1,075
1,480
560
920
38.4
27.6
19.3
8.3
34.0
13.7
20.3
8.8
11.5
37.0
28.4
18.4
10.0
34.6
14.6
20.1
7.6
12.5
2,068
1,839
1,270
569
2,499
992
1,507
649
858
1,867
1,723
1,115
608
2,252
926
1,326
511
815
32.3
28.7
19.8
8.9
39.0
15.5
23.5
10.1
13.4
32.0
29.5
19.1
10.4
38.5
15.8
22.7
8.7
13.9
17.9
8.0
18.6
9.0
20.1
9.8
20.5
10.2
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
40
Percent distribution
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Unemployed persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
September 1994
Weeks
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, race, and
marital status
Total
Less
than
5 weeks
15 weeks and over
5 to 14
weeks
Total
15 to 26
weeks
27 weeks
and over
Average
(mean)
duration
Median
duration
TOTAL
2,727
620
563
676
466
250
105
47
2,098
339
371
520
521
208
113
25
2,554
225
362
650
613
434
200
70
1,075
135
180
283
235
3,724
665
657
879
755
456
241
72
1,298
335
320
316
159
995
1,431
140
170
349
350
266
118
38
569
87
90
59
20
190
167
214
245
100
64
14
3,655
519
639
968
846
437
177
70
1,429
285
243
361
307
1,103
149
204
306
276
161
46
27
108
168
82
32
White, 16 years and over
Men
Women
5,416
2,748
2,669
2,110
1,009
1,101
1,497
720
778
1,809
1,019
Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women
1,490
723
767
449
200
249
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
1,264
539
1,921
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
1,420
763
1,472
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
7,379
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
1,184
1,296
1,846
1,601
892
418
142
150
70
21
1,480
91
181
367
378
284
130
49
18.6
10.3
14.8
18.2
21.0
26.3
27.0
28.9
9.0
4.3
7.4
8.6
10.4
14.0
13.6
14.3
9.9
4.5
5.4
9.4
84
37
11
862
53
75
200
243
182
81
27
20.7
10.5
13.7
20.5
25.4
32.0
29.1
0
0
1,123
85
506
48
618
37
8.1
192
301
263
86
135
106
166
128
66
32
134
16.5
10.1
16.1
16.1
17.0
20.4
24.1
95
149
107
13.1
20.0
14.1
4.1
8.5
8.0
8.7
10
102
50
22
790
732
373
359
1,077
645
432
18.1
20.4
15.8
8.5
9.5
7.5
455
212
243
587
311
276
263
139
124
324
172
151
20.8
22.7
18.9
10.3
11.3
355
116
827
318
164
513
591
259
581
211
77
280
380
182
300
25.0
26.9
16.1
12.8
572
255
602
419
260
425
429
249
445
199
230
151
237
16.0
18.3
16.1
7.7
9.0
7.9
49
11
0
10.9
12.3
0
Race
9.6
Marital status
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
98
208
13.8
7.7
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
41
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33.
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
September 1994
Thousands of persons
Occupation and industry
Weeks
15 weeks and over
Total
than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
15 to 26
weeks
Total
27 weeks
and over
Average
(mean)
duration
Median
duration
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support..
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
958
1,889
1,424
743
1,473
300
338
686
609
247
536
135
272
571
384
208
413
80
348
633
431
287
525
86
146
282
206
102
207
35
203
351
225
185
318
51
18.6
18.0
15.9
21.7
19.8
14.3
9.6
8.6
7.2
9.8
9.5
7.3
175
541
1,063
626
438
337
1,687
356
2,062
201
76
218
331
167
164
88
653
146
844
71
60
139
313
172
142
85
481
106
585
50
39
184
419
287
132
164
553
103
633
81
19
73
191
123
68
43
256
42
277
31
20
112
228
164
64
122
297
62
356
49
11.9
18.8
21.2
24.5
16.5
27.6
16.8
16.2
16.7
19.1
6.5
8.6
10.6
13.0
8.3
13.9
8.4
7.6
7.9
9.3
546
162
166
218
91
127
22.0
11.6
INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Public administration
,
,
,
,
N o previous work experience
1
Includes wage and salary workers only.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and
earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
A-34. Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex
(In thousands)
September 1994
Category
Total not in the labor force
Do not want a job now1
Want a job1
Did not search for work in previous year....
Searched for work in previous year2
Not available to work now
Available to work now
Reason not currently looking:
Discouragement over job prospects3...
Reasons other than discouragement ..
Family responsibilities
In school or training
Ill health or disability
Other4
1
Includes some persons who are not asked if they want a job.
Persons who had a job in the prior 12 months must have searched since
the end of that job.
3
Includes believes no work available, could not find work, lacks necessary
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of
2
42
Sex
Age
Total
16 to 24
years
25 to 54
years
55 years
and over
Men
Women
66,093
60,230
5,862
3,332
2,530
673
1,858
11,670
9,649
2,020
1,110
911
262
648
18,269
15,448
2,821
1,486
1,335
371
964
36,155
35,133
1,021
737
285
39
246
23,855
21,549
2,306
1,185
1,121
251
870
42,238
38,681
3,557
2,147
1,409
421
988
521
1,337
215
286
110
726
132
516
53
244
12
207
291
673
141
42
71
418
98
148
20
314
556
42
144
45
325
207
781
172
143
65
401
27
100
discrimination.
4
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for
such reasons as child care and and transportation problems, as well as a
small number for which reason for non participation was not ascertained.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-35. Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1994
Characteristic
Both sexes
Women
Men
1
Number
Rate1
4,138
84
4,054
444
3,610
3,240
370
310
59
6.2
2.7
6.3
6.5
6.3
6.6
4.4
5.0
2.8
3,387
140
3,248
427
2,820
2,557
263
220
43
6.0
5.1
6.0
7.3
5.9
6.2
3.9
4.3
2.6
6.3
4.7
3.9
3,712
328
273
6.4
5.2
4.2
2,997
280
147
6.3
4.2
3.4
5.8
6.5
6.4
2,681
438
1,018
6.4
5.6
5.8
1,618
798
972
5.1
7.0
7.2
1
Number
7,525
224
7,302
871
6,431
5,798
633
531
102
6.1
3.9
6.2
6.9
6.1
6.4
4.2
4.7
2.7
6,708
607
420
4,299
1,236
1,990
Number
Rate
Rate
AGE
2
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White
Black
Hispanic origin
MARITAL STATUS
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Primary job full time, secondary job part time
Primary and secondary jobs both part time
Primary and secondary jobs both full time
Hours vary on primary or secondary job
4,464
1,654
248
1,116
1
Multiple jobholders as a percent of all employed persons in specified
group.
2
Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their
primary job and full time on their secondary jobs(s), not shown separately.
1,743
1,134
69
419
2,720
519
179
697
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
A-36. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Veteran status
and age
Civilian labor force
Employed
Total
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Unemployed
Percent of
labor force
Number
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
Sept.
1993
Sept.
1994
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 40 years and over
40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 years and over
7,230
6,379
2,193
2,972
1,214
851
7,711
6,755
1,850
3,333
1,572
955
6,398
5,942
2,050
2,772
1,121
456
6,742
6,187
1,709
3,069
1,408
555
6,138
5,699
1,949
2,677
1,073
439
6,507
5,975
1,643
2,963
1,369
532
260
243
101
95
47
17
235
212
66
106
39
23
4.1
4.1
4.9
3.4
4.2
3.7
3.5
3.4
3.9
3.5
2.8
4.1
15,607
6,894
4,692
4,020
16,269
7,604
4,775
3,890
14,223
6,431
4,280
3,512
14,710
7,082
4,311
3,317
13,552
6,165
4,076
3,311
14,210
6,859
4,183
3,169
671
266
204
201
500
223
128
149
4.7
4.1
4.8
5.7
3.4
3.1
3.0
4.5
NONVETERANS
Total, 40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces. Data for 1994
are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For
additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment
and Earnings.
43
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1943 to date
(In thousands)
Service-producing
Goods-producing
Year
and
month
Total
Total
private
Total
Mining
Construetion
Total
turing
Transportation
and
public
utilities
Wholesale
trade
Retail
trade
Government
Finance,
insurance,
and
Services
Local
real
Federal
State
Annual averages
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
19592
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565
925
892
836
862
955
994
930
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441
22,320
22,536
22,869
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189
3,647
3,829
3,906
4.061
4,166
4,189
4,001
1,828
1,851
1,955
2,298
2,478
2,612
2,610
5,154
5,208
5,359
6,077
6,477
6.659
6,654
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,239
2,905
2,928
2.808
2.254
1,892
1,863
1,908
0
(1)
(1)
0
(1)
0
45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,855
51,322
53,270
39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186
18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,967
19,513
20,411
901
929
15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,176
15,945
16,675
26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,264
4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011
2,643
2,735
2,821
2.862
2,875
2,934
3,027
3.037
2,989
3,092
6,743
7,007
7,184
7,385
7,360
7,601
7,831
7,848
7,761
8,035
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549
5,356
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087
1.928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2.191
2,233
()
791
792
822
828
751
732
2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004
54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,763
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384
45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189
20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361
712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619
2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575
16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167
4,004
3.153
3,142
3,207
3,258
3,347
3,477
3,608
3,700
3,791
3,919
8,238
8,195
8,359
8,520
8,812
9,239
9,637
9,906
10,308
10,785
2,628
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3.337
3.512
7,378
7,619
7,982
8,277
40,743
42,495
44,158
46,023
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442
10,045
10,567
11,169
2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758
70,880
71,211
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823
58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876
23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461
623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958
3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463
19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040
47,302
48,276
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363
4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136
4,006
4,014
4,127
4,291
4,447
4,430
4,562
4,723
4,985
5,221
11,034
11,338
11,822
12,315
12,539
12,630
13,193
13,792
14,556
14,972
3.645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975
11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,302
16.252
17.112
90,406
25,658
25,497
23,812
23,330
24,718
24,842
24,533
24,674
25,125
25,254
1,027
101,958
105,210
107,895
74,166
75,121
73,707
74,282
78,384
80,992
82,651
84,948
87,824
90,117
20,285
20,170
18,780
18,432
19,372
19,248
18,947
18,999
19,314
19,391
64,748
65,655
65,732
66,821
69,690
72,544
74,811
77,284
80,086
82,642
5,146
5,165
5,081
4,952
5,156
5,233
5,247
5,362
5,514
5,625
5,292
5,375
5.295
5,283
5,568
5,727
5.761
5,848
6,030
6.187
15,018
15,171
15,158
15.587
16,512
17,315
17,880
18,422
19,023
19,475
5,160
5,298
5,340
5,466
5,684
5,948
6,273
6,533
6,630
692
4,346
4,188
3,904
3,946
4,380
4,668
4,810
4,958
5,098
5,171
109,419
108,256
108,604
110,525
91,115
89,854
89,959
91,708
24,905
23,745
23,231
23,256
709
689
635
611
5,120
4,650
4,492
4,642
19,076
18,406
18,104
18,003
84,514
84,511
85,373
87,269
5,793
5,762
5,721
5,787
6,173
6,081
5,997
5,958
19,601
19.284
19.356
19.717
91,152
89,544
90,152
94,408
97,387
99,344
1,139
1,128
952
966
927
777
717
713
31,811
32,857
33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
0
O
0)
0
()
O
1,168
1,250
1,328
1,415
1,484
3,558
3,819
4,071
4,230
4,366
1,536
1,607
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533
4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904
2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773
2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541
7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633
17,890
18,615
19,021
19.664
20.746
21,927
22.957
24,110
25,504
26,907
2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899
2,943
2,971
2,988
3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,832
3,893
3,967
4.076
4,182
9,765
9,619
6,709
6,646
6,602
6,712
27,934
28,336
29,052
30,278
3,085
2,966
2,969
2,915
4,305
4,355
4,408
4,484
10,914
11,081
11,267
11,417
9,036
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,687
9,901
10,100
10,339
10,609
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
1993:
September
October
November
December
110,923
111,112
111,366
111,610
92,036
92,239
92,479
92,692
23,206
23,245
23,281
23,298
605
605
604
618
4,667
4,700
4,733
4,738
17,934
17,940
17,944
17,942
87,717
87,867
88,085
88,312
5,783
5,798
5,800
5,792
5,962
5,965
5,971
5,976
19,805
19,822
19,848
19,931
6,735
6,748
6,763
6,769
30,545
30,661
30,816
30,926
2,902
2,901
2,900
2,915
4,518
4,504
4,505
4,511
11,467
11,468
11,482
11,492
111,711
111,919
112,298
112,699
112,951
113,334
113,624
113,870
114,109
92,810
93,003
93,357
93,718
93,937
94,316
94,601
94,814
23,328
23,327
23,395
23,506
23,519
23,576
23,590
23,627
23,642
616
612
609
606
603
605
601
602
601
4,744
4,745
4,806
4,893
4,907
4,927
4,944
4,941
4,960
17,968
17,970
17,980
18,007
18,009
18,044
18,045
18,084
18,081
88,592
88,903
89,193
89,432
89,758
90,034
90,243
90,467
5,793
5,803
5,816
5,759
5,843
5,849
5,857
5,864
5,881
5,990
6,003
6,013
6,028
6,037
6,049
6,053
6,071
6,081
19,924
19,965
20,026
20,137
20,153
20,279
20,386
20,410
20,450
6,771
6,776
6,781
6,791
6,787
6,798
6,797
6,802
6,793
31,004
31,129
31,326
31,497
31,598
31,765
31,918
32,040
32,141
2,893
2,892
2,884
2,882
2,870
2,859
2,859
2,858
2,860
4,492
4,511
4,520
4,534
4,533
4,539
4,568
4,579
4,599
11,516
11,513
11,537
11,565
11,611
11,620
11,596
11,619
11,662
1994:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August*
September"
1
Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonfarm total for the March 1959 benchmark
month.
" = preliminary.
2
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1993
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1993) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1990) are subject to revision.
45
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month
Construction
Mining
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
1964...
1965...
1966...
1967...
1968...
1969...
38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7
$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04
$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61
41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0
$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60
1970...
1971 ...
1972...
1973...
1974...
1975...
1976...
1977...
1978...
1979...
37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7
3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16
119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91
42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0
1980...
1981 ...
1982...
1983...
1984...
1985...
1986...
1987...
1988...
1989...
35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8
34.8
34.7
34.6
6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76
8.98
9.28
9.66
235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85
312.50
322.02
334.24
1990...
1991 ...
1992...
1993...
34.5
34.3
34.4
34.5
10.01
10.32
10.57
10.83
345.35
353.98
363.61
373.64
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80
37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9
$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79
$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54
3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49
164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07
37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0
5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27
195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99
43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2
42.4
42.3
43.0
9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.46
12.54
12.80
13.26
397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
525.81
531.70
541.44
570.18
37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4
37.8
37.9
37.9
9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.48
12.71
13.08
13.54
367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.46
466.75
480.44
495.73
513.17
44.1
44.4
43.9
44.3
13.68
14.19
14.54
14.60
603.29
630.04
638.31
646.78
38.2
38.1
38.0
38.4
13.77
14.00
14.15
14.37
526.01
533.40
537.70
551.81
Weekly
earnings
Annual averages
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1993:
September.
October
November..
December..
1994:
January
February ....
March
April
May
June
July
August"
September"
34.5
34.6
34.5
34.7
$10.91
10.94
10.96
10.97
$376.40
378.52
378.12
380.66
44.5
45.5
44.7
44.6
$14.54
14.47
14.43
14.67
$647.03
658.39
645.02
654.28
38.3
39.3
38.6
38.3
$14.52
14.55
14.47
14.46
$556.12
571.82
558.54
553.82
34.3
34.0
34.4
34.5
34.8
34.8
34.9
35.0
34.8
11.06
11.06
11.04
11.07
11.09
11.03
11.04
11.04
11.20
379.36
376.04
379.78
381.92
385.93
383.84
385.30
386.40
389.76
44.1
43.7
44.0
44.5
44.4
44.8
44.9
45.1
45.4
15.06
14.92
14.84
14.96
14.83
14.73
14.73
14.71
14.86
664.15
652.00
652.96
665.72
658.45
659.90
661.38
663.42
674.64
37.0
36.1
38.1
38.3
39.7
39.6
39.7
39.8
40.0
14.41
14.45
14.44
14.49
14.59
14.57
14.72
14.77
14.93
533.17
521.65
550.16
554.97
579.22
576.97
584.38
587.85
597.20
See footnotes at end of table.
46
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities
Manufacturing
Year and
month
Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Wholesale trade
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2
$2.52
2.60
2.73
2.87
3.04
3.23
$102.56
106.08
111.11
115.66
121.90
129.85
155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58
39.9
39.4
39.4
39.2
38.8
38.6
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8
3.43
3.64
3.85
4.07
4.38
4.72
5.02
5.39
5.88
6.39
136.86
143.42
151.69
159.54
169.94
182.19
194.27
209.13
228.14
247.93
8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70
12.03
12.26
12.60
351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64
471.58
475.69
490.14
38.4
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.1
38.1
38.0
6.95
7.55
8.08
8.54
8.88
9.15
9.34
9.59
9.98
10.39
266.88
290.68
309.46
328.79
341.88
351.36
357.72
365.38
380.24
394.82
12.97
13.22
13.45
13.63
504.53
511.61
523.21
539.75
38.1
38.1
38.2
38.2
10.79
11.15
11.39
11.73
411.10
424.82
435.10
448.09
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
1964...
1965...
1966...
1967...
1968...
1969...
40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6
$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19
$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05
$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51
41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7
$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63
$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74
1970...
1971 ...
1972...
1973...
1974...
1975...
1976...
1977...
1978...
1979...
39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2
3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70
3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43
133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34
40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9
3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16
1980...
1981 ...
1982...
1983...
1984...
1985...
1986...
1987...
1988...
1989...
39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7
41.0
41.1
41.0
7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.54
9.73
9.91
10.19
10.48
7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.34
9.48
9.73
10.02
288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01
406.31
418.81
429.68
39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.2
38.8
38.9
1990...
1991 ...
1992...
1993...
40.8
40.7
41.0
41.4
10.83
11.18
11.46
11.74
10.37
10.71
10.95
11.18
441.86
455.03
469.86
486.04
38.9
38.7
38.9
39.6
Weekly
hours
Annual averages
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1993:
September.
October
November..
December..
1994:
January
February ....
March
April
May
June
July
Augusf
September4*
41.5
41.8
42.0
42.4
$11.85
11.80
11.87
12.00
$11.24
11.19
11.26
11.36
$491.78
493.24
498.54
508.80
39.8
39.9
39.7
39.8
$13.67
13.66
13.69
13.74
$544.07
545.03
543.49
546.85
38.1
38.3
38.2
38.3
$11.80
11.81
11.80
11.85
$449.58
452.32
450.76
453.86
41.5
40.9
41.9
42.0
42.0
42.2
41.6
42.0
42.3
11.96
12.00
11.99
12.01
12.01
12.03
12.04
12.00
12.13
11.38
11.42
11.38
11.39
11.39
11.39
11.42
11.35
11.44
496.34
490.80
502.38
504.42
504.42
507.67
500.86
504.00
513.10
39.6
39.4
39.5
39.9
40.0
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.3
13.83
13.85
13.80
13.78
13.76
13.72
13.84
13.87
13.91
547.67
545.69
545.10
549.82
550.40
550.17
557.75
560.35
560.57
38.2
37.9
38.1
38.3
38.6
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.4
11.95
11.93
11.87
11.99
11.98
11.94
12.00
11.96
12.05
456.49
452.15
452.25
459.22
462.43
459.69
460.80
458.07
462.72
See footnotes at end of table.
47
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Retail trade
Year and
month
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
1964...
1965...
1966...
1967...
1968...
1969...
37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2
$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30
$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66
37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1
$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93
$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
1970...
1971 ...
1972...
1973...
1974...
1975...
1976...
1977...
1978...
1979...
33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6
2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53
82.47
87.62
138.62
36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2
1980...
1981 ...
1982...
1983...
1984...
1985...
1986...
1987...
1988...
1989...
30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2
29.2
29.1
28.9
4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03
6.12
6.31
6.53
147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
176.08
178.70
183.62
188.72
1990...
1991 ...
1992...
1993...
28.8
28.6
28.8
28.8
6.75
6.94
7.12
7.29
194.40
198.48
205.06
209.95
Services
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
108.70
36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7
$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61
$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57
3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27
112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77
34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7
2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36
96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27
36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.3
35.9
35.8
5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.36
8.73
9.06
9.53
209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.30
316.90
325.25
341.17
32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.6
32.6
5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.18
8.49
8.88
9.38
190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.75
265.85
275.93
289.49
305.79
35.8
35.7
35.8
35.8
9.97
10.39
10.82
11.35
356.93
370.92
387.36
406.33
32.5
32.4
32.5
32.5
9.83
10.23
10.54
10.79
319.48
331.45
342.55
350.68
Hourly
earnings
Annual averages
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
101.75
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1993:
September.
October
November..
December..
1994:
January
February ....
March
April
May
June
July
August"
September"
28.8
28.8
28.6
29.3
$7.32
7.36
7.36
7.36
$210.82
211.97
210.50
215.65
35.6
35.7
35.7
35.7
$11.41
11.52
11.57
11.65
$406.20
411.26
413.05
415.91
32.3
32.4
32.4
32.4
$10.83
10.87
10.93
10.98
$349.81
352.19
354.13
355.75
28.2
28.1
28.5
28.7
28.9
29.3
29.7
29.7
29.0
7.45
7.45
7.45
7.47
7.47
7.45
7.44
7.43
7.54
210.09
209.35
212.33
214.39
215.88
218.29
220.97
220.67
218.66
36.4
35.8
35.6
35.7
36.1
35.5
35.7
35.5
35.4
11.79
11.77
11.75
11.81
11.84
11.67
11.72
11.73
11.83
429.16
421.37
418.30
421.62
427.42
414.29
418.40
416.42
418.78
32.5
32.2
32.3
32.4
32.7
32.5
32.8
32.7
32.4
11.06
11.05
11.02
11.01
11.03
10.92
10.92
10.92
11.12
359.45
355.81
355.95
356.72
360.68
354.90
358.18
357.08
360.29
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.
48
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1993 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1993 forward are subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1993
1994
Industry
Sept.
Total
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug."
Sept.p
110,923 111,112 111,366 111,610 111,711 111,919 112,298 112,699 112,951 113,334 113,624 113,870 114,109
Total private
92,036 92,239 92,479 92,692 92,810 93,003 93,357 93,718 93,937 94,316 94,601 94,814 94,988
Goods-producing
23,206 23,245 23,281 23,298 23,328 23,327 23,395 23,506 23,519 23,576 23,590 23,627 23,642
Mining1
Metal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors
Manufacturing
605
50
357
100
605
50
356
101
604
50
355
101
618
51
351
101
616
50
349
102
612
50
346
101
609
50
344
100
606
50
342
100
603
50
338
101
605
50
339
101
601
51
335
101
602
52
335
101
601
51
336
101
4,667
1,107
711
2,849
4,700
1,120
709
2,871
4,733
1,133
712
2,888
4,738
1,138
710
2,890
4,744
1,139
713
2,892
4,745
1,134
709
2,902
4,806
1,152
710
2,944
4,893
1,163
725
3,005
4,907
1,161
723
3,023
4,927
1,165
725
3,037
4,944
1,161
733
3,050
4,941
1,167
724
3,050
4,960
1,169
721
3,070
17,934 17,940 17,944 17,942 17,968 17,970 17,980 18,007 18,009 18,044 18,045 18,084 18,081
10,123 10,135 10,142 10,153 10,182 10,182 10,190 10,216 10,217 10,253 10,249 10,283 10,293
Durable goods
705
723
709
712
716
723
723
726
726
730
732
732
Lumber and wood products
732
484
492
485
487
489
492
493
493
495
496
500
495
Furniture and fixtures
496
516
521
517
517
518
521
523
529
528
529
530
529
531
Stone, clay, and glass products
675
679
675
678
678
680
680
678
679
684
688
685
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel
237
products
238
237
238
231
234
234
237
236
235
230
232
231
1,328
1,332 1,335 1,338 1,345 1,345 1,348 1,353 1,357 1,365 1,368 1,374 1,375
Fabricated metal products
1,914 1,916 1,918 1,922 1,925 1,927 1,938 1,940 1,947 1,942 1,952 1,954
Industrial machinery and equipment...
1,913
Electronic and other electrical
equipment
1,516 1,518 1,521 1,524 1,524 1,528 1,535 1,542 1,540 1,550 1,551 1,561 1,566
Transportation equipment
1,730 1,731 1,725 1,724 1,730 1,726 1,723 1,719 1,718 1,724 1,712 1,723 1,728
832
840
843
853
874
Motor vehicles and equipment
868
867
870
876
875
868
894
888
528
522
515
507
502
Aircraft and parts
496
491
486
480
475
484
468
472
882
880
877
873
871
Instruments and related products
868
864
861
853
849
858
848
850
374
374
374
375
375
Miscellaneous manufacturing
374
374
377
375
379
376
378
379
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products....
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger
transit
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services ....
7,811
1,671
42
672
977
687
1,515
1,076
150
905
116
7,805
1,678
42
672
970
686
1,514
1,073
150
903
117
7,802
1,675
42
671
966
685
1,515
1,071
151
909
117
7,789
1,671
42
671
959
685
1,514
1,070
149
911
117
7,786
1,667
41
672
956
686
1,517
1,065
148
917
117
7,788
1,672
40
673
954
685
1,518
1,062
148
920
116
7,790
1,670
41
674
956
684
1,521
1,059
147
922
116
7,791
1,667
41
673
955
684
1,523
1,057
148
927
116
7,792
1,665
40
671
958
684
1,524
1,056
148
931
115
7,791
1,666
39
671
957
683
1,528
1,054
147
932
114
7,796
1,668
38
672
954
684
1,531
1,053
147
935
114
7,801
1,666
40
672
958
683
1,535
1,049
147
937
114
7,788
1,661
38
668
959
680
1,534
1,049
147
939
113
87,717 87,867 88,085 88,312 88,383 88,592 88,903 89,193 89,432 89,758 90,034 90,243 90,467
5,783
3,590
249
5,798
3,606
246
5,800
3,613
247
5,792
3,611
248
5,793
3,611
247
5,803
3,622
248
5,816
3,638
248
5,759
3,582
246
5,843
3,664
243
5,849
3,677
246
5,857
3,687
245
5,864
3,689
244
5,881
3,708
249
371
1,695
165
736
18
356
2,193
1,252
941
373
1,712
166
734
18
357
2,192
1,252
940
374
1,715
166
735
18
358
2,187
1,250
937
376
1,704
165
741
18
359
2,181
1,246
935
377
1,705
165
739
18
360
2,182
1,249
933
380
1,711
166
739
18
360
2,181
1,249
932
382
1,721
168
739
18
362
2,178
1,248
930
386
1,665
166
738
18
363
2,177
1,250
927
383
1,753
169
733
18
365
2,179
1,254
925
389
1,764
166
729
18
365
2,172
1,253
919
391
1,768
169
728
17
369
2,170
1,254
916
395
1,772
164
727
17
370
2,175
1,260
915
399
1,777
166
728
17
372
2,173
1,258
915
See footnotes at end of table.
49
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major Industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994
1993
Industry
Sept.
5,962
3,411
2,551
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores
,
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service
stations
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores.
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Finance, Insurance, and real estate ....
Finance
Depository institutions
Nondepository institutions
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and
service
Real estate
,
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
5,965
3,410
2,555
5,971
3,413
2,558
5,976
3,419
2,557
5,990
3,424
2,566
6,003
3,430
2,573
6,013
3,434
2,579
6,028
3,445
2,583
6,037
3,449
2,588
19,805 19,822 19,848 19,931 19,924
794
790
808
798
803
2,455 2,454 2,451
2,446
2,421
3,216 3,220 3,210
3,214
3,215
June
6,049
3,457
2,592
July
6,053
3,461
2,592
Aug.p
6,071
3,468
2,603
Sept."
6,081
3,473
2,608
19,965 20,026 20,137 20,153 20,279 20,386 20,410 20,450
812
818
838
829
833
842
846
850
2,432
2,433
2,438
2,443
2,457
2,478
2,442
2,482
3,223 3,232 3,229 3,240 3,234 3,247 3,256 3,246
2,467
2,074
1,154
852
6,917
2,471
2,084
1,146
855
6,928
2,467
2,101
1,148
862
6,915
2,471
2,117
1,154
866
6,928
2,479
2,132
1,146
876
6,995
2,488
2,139
1,144
879
6,993
2,487
2,143
1,145
885
7,084
2,507
2,145
1,149
897
7,129
2,520
2,158
1,144
906
7,106
2,516
2,171
1,148
913
7,111
2,529
6,748
3,240
2,072
463
479
226
2,187
1,525
6,763
3,245
2,068
467
483
227
2,192
1,530
6,769
3,250
2,064
472
486
228
2,190
1,527
6,771
3,252
2,057
477
489
229
2,187
1,525
6,776
3,254
2,050
483
492
229
2,186
1,525
6,781
3,256
2,044
486
496
230
2,185
1,524
6,791
3,259
2,042
487
499
231
2,189
1,527
6,787
3,257
2,039
486
501
231
2,185
1,522
6,798
3,263
2,041
484
505
233
2,184
1,521
6,797
3,261
2,042
480
506
233
2,182
1,517
6,802
3,260
2,041
476
508
235
2,179
1,514
6,793
3,252
2,037
473
507
235
2,177
1,512
662
1,321
662
1,326
663
1,329
662
1,332
661
1,336
661
1,340
662
1,343
663
1,345
663
1,351
665
1,354
665
1,363
665
1,364
2,039
1,153
839
6,854
2,459
2,048
1,148
844
6,850
2,464
2,060
1,144
849
6,735
3,230
2,072
457
475
226
2,187
1,524
663
1,318
30,545 30,661 30,816 30,926 31,004 31,129 31,326 31,497 31,598 31,765 31,918 32,040 32,141
Services1
537
562
526
538
539
530
528
551
554
560
522
533
548
Agricultural services
1,602
1,608
1,626
1,627
1,619
1,608
1,596
1,602
1,599
1,599
1,599
1,608
1,609
Hotels and other lodging places
1,134
1,137
1,140
1,149
1,138
1,137
1,129
1,133
1,134
1,138
1,135
1,131
1,143
Personal services
6,244 6,318
6,341
6,416
5,877 5,950 6,016 6,062 6,092 6,161
6,488 6,540 6,594
Business services
2,230
2,334
2,387
2,415
1,984
2,282
2,286
2,375
2,033 2,066 2,103 2,130 2,173
Personnel supply services
992
1,017
1,041
1,065
962
986
1,002
1,026
1,029
1,045
1,058
Auto repair, services, and parking
,
965
975
382
364
370
373
375
375
377
379
380
381
383
366
368
Miscellaneous repair services
494
504
421
432
435
443
450
472
474
482
423
425
465
Motion pictures
1,260
1,254
1,251
1,252
1,271
1,282
1,287
1,278
1,266
1,255
1,249
1,250
1,275
Amusement and recreation services
8,830 8,852 8,873 8,890 8,909 8,922 8,959 8,985 8,998 9,025 9,043 9,075 9,089
Health services
3,794 3,794 3,787 3,787 3,790 3,792
3,791
3,790 3,789 3,787 3,788 3,787 3,791
Hospitals
934
934
934
937
939
940
941
942
938
941
942
946
935
Legal services
1,708
1,730
1,744
1,747
1,742
1,732
1,697
1,696
1,710
1,720
1,733
1,741
1,707
Educational services
,
2,190
2,224
2,267
2,290 2,314
2,117
2,121
2,205
2,242
Social services
2,139 2,154 2,162 2,175
Museums and botanical and zoological
77
80
77
77
77
77
78
78
79
79
79
80
80
gardens
2,042 2,041
2,044
2,056
2,066
2,035
2,036
2,040 2,040
2,055 2,056
2,047 2,051
Membership organizations
,
2,560 2,575 2,580
2,622 2,629
2,556
2,567 2,567
2,553
2,590 2,597 2,603 2,620
Engineering and management services
Government
Federal
State
Education
Other State government
Local
Education
Other local government
1
,
,
18,887 18,873 18,887 18,918 18,901 18,916 18,941 18,981 19,014 19,018 19,023 19,056 19,121
2,893
2,882
2,870
2,859
2,860
2,902
2,901
2,900
2,915
2,892 2,884
2,859
2,858
4,492 4,511 4,520 4,534 4,533
4,539 4,568
4,518 4,504 4,505 4,511
4,579 4,599
1,824
1,846
1,850
1,849
1,850
1,904
1,856
1,840
1,841
1,841
1,838
1,876
1,884
2,668
2,674
2,684
2,684
2,689
2,695
2,662 2,664 2,664
2,670
2,673
2,692
2,695
11,467 11,468 11,482 11,492 11,516 11,513 11,537 11,565 11,611 11,620 11,596 11,619 11,662
6,383 6,378 6,382 6,390 6,404 6,392 6,410
6,436 6,445 6,461
6,478 6,509 6,511
5,127
5,151
5,084 5,090 5,100
5,102
5,112
5,121
5,129 5,166
5,159
5,118
5,110
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
p
50
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are
subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1993
1994
Industry
July
Total:....
Total private
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
53,522 53,572 53,665 53,747 53,843 53,969 53,981 54,097 54,246 54,477 54,653 54,808 54,887
43,318 43,363 43,442 43,525 43,616 43,713 43,730 43,828 43,959 44,160 44,280 44,464 44,573
6,510
6,496
6,485
6,485
6,482
6,480
6,475
6,482
6,490
6,506
6,515
6,530
6,527
88
88
88
88
88
89
87
86
87
86
86
86
85
519
520
521
523
524
525
526
528
532
539
539
543
544
5,903
5,888
5,876
5,874
5,870
5,866
5,862
5,868
5,871
5,881
5,890
5,901
5,898
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
2,688
113
147
103
91
292
415
640
352
364
171
2,682
114
147
103
91
292
413
639
351
362
170
2,680
114
147
103
91
292
414
640
349
360
170
2,681
115
147
103
92
293
413
641
348
359
170
2,681
116
148
102
92
294
413
642
347
358
169
2,683
117
149
102
92
294
413
643
348
356
169
2,685
117
149
103
93
296
413
642
348
355
169
2,688
118
150
103
93
296
414
644
349
354
167
2,691
117
150
103
94
297
416
645
349
353
167
2,700
119
150
104
93
298
418
649
348
352
169
2,705
119
151
103
95
299
420
649
348
352
169
2,713
120
152
102
95
301
424
652
349
350
168
2,708
121
154
103
95
301
421
650
343
349
171
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
3,215
540
14
322
763
168
671
339
24
309
65
3,206
542
13
320
757
168
673
337
24
307
65
3,196
536
14
320
754
167
672
337
24
307
65
3,193
542
14
320
747
166
672
337
24
306
65
3,189
542
14
318
743
167
672
336
24
308
65
3,183
540
14
318
737
167
673
337
24
308
65
3,177
538
13
319
733
167
673
335
24
310
65
3,180
541
13
319
732
166
674
334
24
312
65
3,180
543
13
319
732
165
676
332
24
312
64
3,181
541
13
318
732
165
677
332
24
315
64
3,185
541
13
317
733
164
678
334
25
316
64
3,188
542
12
317
732
165
682
333
24
317
64
3,190
544
12
317
729
165
683
333
25
318
64
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing
47,012 47,076 47,180 47,262 47,361 47,489 47,506 47,615 47,756 47,971 48,138 48,278 48,360
Transportation and public utilities
1,698
1,697
1,696
1,701
1,705
1,701
1,697
1,698
1,700
1,699
1,709
1,708
1,713
Wholesale trade
1,817
1,812
1,818
1,822
1,824
1,825
1,831
1,834
1,839
1,846
1,850
1,852
1,853
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
10,443 10,453 10,473 10,476 10,484 10,512 10,513 10,533 10,554 10,601 10,635 10,691 10,755
4,255
4,259
4,264
4,268
4,278
4,285
4,281
4,284
4,288
4,293
4,291
4,299
4,295
Services
18,595 18,646 18,706 18,773 18,843 18,910 18,933 18,997 19,088 19,215 19,280 19,384 19,430
Government
Federal
State
Local
10,204 10,209 10,223 10,222 10,227 10,256 10,251 10,269 10,287 10,317 10,373 10,344 10,314
1,205 1,207 1,206 1,205 1,204 1,210 1,203 1,205 1,203 1,203 1,198 1,192 1,190
2,246 2,248 2,257 2,255 2,255 2,259 2,246 2,259 2,267 2,273 2,277 2,258 2,282
6,753 6,754 6,760 6,762 6,768 6,787 6,802 6,805 6,817 6,841
6,894 6,842
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are subject to revision.
51
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally
adjusted
(In thousands)
1993
1994
Industry
Sept.
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.p
Sept.1
74,941 75,119 75,323 75,496 75,588 75,783 76,129 76,487 76,690 77,028 77,233 77,431 77,572
16,275 16,311
16,356 16,385 16,408 16,430 16,507 16,615 16,615 16,674 16,689 16,720 16,729
430
429
426
438
433
432
430
428
427
431
430
433
431
3,590
3,621
3,645
3,655
3,655
3,657
3,719
3,796
3,796
3,814
3,828
3,817
3,829
12,255 12,261 12,285 12,292 12,320 12,341 12,358 12,391 12,392 12,429 12,431 12,470 12,469
1,103
637
431
268
6,806
584
384
399
516
181
984
1,165
972
1,104
642
430
268
6,822
588
386
399
518
181
989
1,169
974
1,104
645
428
267
6,843
591
388
400
518
181
993
1,174
979
1,106
653
426
268
597
389
402
519
181
998
1,179
976
1,117
670
425
267
6,881
597
389
402
521
180
1,000
1,185
980
1,116
669
425
266
6,892
597
391
404
521
179
1,004
1,187
982
1,115
667
424
267
6,924
600
390
409
520
175
1,009
1,197
991
1,117
672
423
268
6,930
601
392
408
521
175
1,012
1,200
990
1,118
669
421
267
6,966
603
393
409
526
177
1,020
1,207
998
1,124
677
418
268
6,969
604
395
410
528
178
1,021
1,209
997
1,117
675
417
271
7,001
605
393
410
528
177
1,027
1,217
1,007
1,127
686
416
271
7,005
605
392
409
532
177
1,028
1,219
1,010
1,125
686
415
270
5,463
1,223
31
572
818
518
837
573
98
700
93
5,455
1,227
31
571
813
517
835
574
97
697
93
5,463
1,227
32
571
810
517
835
577
98
703
93
5,449
1,224
31
570
803
517
833
577
96
705
93
5,451
1,221
31
572
800
518
835
575
96
710
93
5,460
1,226
30
573
799
518
836
575
95
715
93
5,466
1,229
31
574
801
517
837
573
95
717
92
5,467
1,224
31
572
801
518
838
574
96
720
93
5,462
1,222
31
571
801
518
835
573
96
724
91
5,463
1,219
30
571
800
518
839
574
96
725
91
5,462
1,221
29
569
797
518
841
573
96
728
90
5,469
1,222
31
570
801
518
843
569
96
728
91
5,464
1,219
30
567
802
516
840
574
95
732
89
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
6,792
580
384
398
515
181
982
1,162
969
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Oct.
58,666 58,808 58,967 59,111 59,180 59,353 59,622 59,872 60,075 60,354 60,544 60,711 60,843
Transportation and public utilities
4,837
4,857
4,856
4,841
4,845
4,855
4,870
4,816
4,897
4,899
4,899
4,899
4,906
Wholesale trade
4,809
4,813
4,817
4,824
4,832
4,842
4,853
4,864
4,867
4,883
4,882
4,904
4,907
Retail trade
Finance, Insurance, and real estate
Services
17,442 17,450 17,460 17,512 17,527 17,565 17,632 17,714 17,737 17,836 17,933 17,950 17,977
4,899
4,910
4,927
4,932
4,936
4,943
4,949
4,945
4,955
4,952
4,957
4,956
26,679 26,778 26,907 27,002 27,044 27,155 27,324 27,529 27,629 27,781 27,878 28,001 28,097
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.
52
4,932
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
DIFFUSION INDEXES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Sept.
Aug.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
1
Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries
Over 1-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993 ...
1994
58.8
39.6
42.1
57.9
56.6
57.3
39.6
46.1
61.7
58.3
50.8
38.5
48.3
49.0
62.9
47.9
38.2
57.7
56.0
62.5
49.7
48.5
53.1
57.0
56.3
51.8
45.4
50.4
51.1
63.2
43.8
48.3
52.8
58.8
59.3
46.2
52.0
46.5
50.0
P60.3
42.7
48.9
53.4
56.7
P56.5
41.6
46.8
56.9
57.4
41.3
46.5
52.5
61.0
41.3
46.1
57.3
57.4
Over 3-month span:
1990
1991
1992 ...
1993
1994
59.0
34.3
39.7
64.0
62.1
59.1
32.0
42.3
61.4
64.5
52.5
31.6
51.0
59.7
65.2
48.9
38.2
56.2
55.8
65.0
49.0
39.3
57.6
54.9
65.4
47.3
44.2
54.1
57.7
64.6
45.9
49.4
50.4
54.6
P65.9
40.6
50.7
49.9
55.9
P62.5
38.3
50.8
51.7
55.8
36.2
44.9
56.2
62.4
35.7
43.7
58.6
61.5
35.4
40.9
59.8
60.8
Over 6-month span:
1990 ...
1991
1992
1993
1994 ...
57.2
30.2
43.5
61.4
67.0
54.9
32.4
46.3
60.8
65.9
55.8
31.2
47.2
59.0
68.8
50.4
33.7
52.0
59.8
66.0
46.8
39.2
54.2
54.4
P67.6
44.0
44.7
56.6
54.5
P66.3
41.3
46.5
52.8
57.9
38.9
45.6
53.1
58.8
35.8
47.8
55.8
59.7
33.6
44.5
56.3
60.8
32.0
41.4
64.2
62.8
30.2
39.9
62.2
63.6
Over 12-month span:
1990
1991
1992 ..
1993
1994
55.5
31.0
47.2
60.0
64.2
52.7
31.0
42.3
61.1
P65.6
51.7
31.7
42.7
60.7
P65.0
48.5
31.9
44.1
62.2
45.4
31.7
48.0
63.2
42.6
33.8
52.5
62.1
39.3
35.8
55.8
62.4
36.1
37.5
60.7
60.8
35.8
40.0
59.7
63.5
33.0
45.2
60.4
62.8
33.0
45.6
60.1
63.1
30.6
45.4
60.7
63.5
. . .
Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1990
1991 ...
1992
1993
1994
48.9
32.7
38.1
52.5
54.3
47.5
35.6
40.6
57.6
53.6
43.9
31.3
45.0
47.8
51.1
46.8
37.4
57.9
41.7
56.1
40.3
45.7
47.8
46.0
50.0
46.8
43.5
50.0
40.3
58.6
38.8
46.4
53.2
49.3
52.9
42.4
49.3
41.7
42.8
P57.2
35.6
42.8
49.3
46.8
P51.4
38.5
47.8
47.8
50.0
29.1
41.4
52.5
55.4
34.2
39.6
51.8
51.1
Over 3-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993 ...
1994
44.6
24.5
30.9
60.1
56.1
45.3
21.9
36.3
58.3
57.6
45.0
20.5
45.3
51.4
56.5
38.8
32.7
50.7
40.6
53.2
41.7
36.3
55.4
37.1
57.2
38.8
39.6
53.6
43.5
55.8
38.1
47.1
47.1
40.3
P59.7
28.8
46.0
47.1
41.0
P55.0
30.9
48.2
42.4
43.2
23.0
39.9
50.0
52.9
23.0
36.7
51.1
54.7
21.6
33.5
55.0
56.1
Over 6-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994 ...
43.5
15.8
34.2
54.0
58.3
39.9
20.9
37.1
51.8
56.1
42.8
21.2
41.0
48.6
59.4
41.0
26.3
48.6
47.1
54.3
36.3
34.9
52.2
37.1
P57.6
34.2
39.2
54.7
34.2
P58.3
29.1
42.1
46.4
39.6
25.2
40.3
49.3
45.7
22.3
40.3
50.4
47.8
21.2
37.1
48.9
50.4
18.0
32.4
57.9
54.3
16.9
32.7
56.8
55.8
Over 12-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
37.8
16.5
42.4
50.0
50.7
35.3
16.2
36.7
52.5
P54.7
33.5
17.3
36.3
48.6
P52.5
33.1
18.0
36.0
49.3
28.1
20.9
39.6
50.7
26.3
24.1
45.7
48.9
23.7
26.3
50.0
50.0
20.5
30.6
55.8
48.9
19.4
32.7
57.9
50.0
16.5
38.1
55.4
50.7
16.2
38.8
52.9
51.4
15.8
37.4
52.9
51.4
1
Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and
unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus
one half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent
indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment. Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data (beginning April 1993) and all seasonally
adjusted data (beginning January 1990) are subject to revision.
53
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1993
1994
State
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Total
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.P
1
1,715.7
253.7
1,582.7
995.0
11,990.4
1,678.2
1,525.4
348.8
667.4
5,597.7
3,126.5
1,718.0
254.1
1,589.0
993.8
11,969.8
1,678.0
1,528.7
350.6
667.4
5,612.1
3,138.8
1,722.3
254.3
1,587.5
995.9
11,953.1
1,680.9
1,528.5
349.6
670.0
5,628.6
3,155.5
1,721.6
254.1
1,591.6
997.7
11,943.7
1,683.6
1,525.1
350.3
668.1
5,644.9
3,163.3
1,722.2
255.4
1,593.7
996.1
11,940.3
1,690.5
1,522.6
350.8
667.0
5,668.3
3,170.9
1,722.7
255.0
1,597.7
1,000.3
11,947.6
1,692.5
1,532.2
350.0
665.8
5,657.8
3,176.8
1,726.4
258.2
1,604.6
1,003.0
11,957.5
1,700.2
1,530.4
349.6
665.0
5,685.3
3,201.2
1,730.2
258.3
1,615.6
1,005.8
11,955.2
1,701.6
1,525.8
350.6
664.2
5,701.5
3,214.0
1,734.7
256.7
1,623.9
1,006.4
11,955.2
1,706.3
1,530.2
354.5
663.5
5,730.5
3,224.1
1,732.5
256.0
1,626.8
1,012.2
11,953.2
1,707.1
1,533.6
356.9
663.4
5,738.9
3,233.4
1,742.0
257.3
1,638.4
1,016.1
11,946.4
1,712.8
1,530.7
358.9
661.3
5,760.3
3,248.5
1,727.9
257.1
1,645.5
1,023.7
11,960.1
1,722.5
1,534.3
356.5
663.3
5,776.6
3,244.2
1,731.5
258.1
1,648.0
1,029.3
11,962.4
1,726.0
1,532.1
359.6
659.6
5,789.0
3,259.2
539.1
439.5
5,329.7
2,584.0
1,282.0
1,135.5
1,535.9
1,645.3
520.3
2,102.5
538.3
440.9
5,335.7
2,589.4
1,285.2
1,145.0
1,538.5
1,644.2
519.8
2,108.5
539.6
445.1
5,354.2
2,599.1
1,287.1
1,146.6
1,540.0
1,644.4
521.9
2,109.1
537.3
447.5
5,359.3
2,609.0
1,291.5
1,146.2
1,542.3
1,645.8
522.2
2,108.6
536.5
448.4
5,374.0
2,612.2
1,293.4
1,149.7
1,539.6
1,647.9
521.6
2,111.0
534.0
451.2
5,352.0
2,613.5
1,293.1
1,150.5
1,529.2
1,642.1
517.7
2,111.4
533.4
453.1
5,372.9
2,616.0
1,293.8
1,150.6
1,539.2
1,651.9
520.9
2,102.8
533.0
456.6
5,375.2
2,634.2
1,297.7
1,153.1
1,547.2
1,663.5
520.8
2,106.3
533.3
458.9
5,376.8
2,635.9
1,303.3
1,147.1
1,550.5
1,673.8
524.0
2,115.6
530.0
460.3
5,397.8
2,634.5
1,307.8
1,156.0
1,552.8
1,680.1
527.7
2,116.6
532.1
461.4
5,408.4
2,633.0
1,315.3
1,165.9
1,559.9
1,684.0
527.2
2,115.9
530.9
463.4
5,411.6
2,637.5
1,311.2
1,158.2
1,565.5
1,685.3
530.2
2,113.6
530.7
465.0
5,415.3
2,630.0
1,310.4
1,159.5
1,567.7
1,695.8
531.1
2,116.9
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
2,860.3
3,977.5
2,239.9
1,009.2
2,408.2
330.1
768.3
674.9
503.1
3,496.7
2,866.2
3,991.7
2,243.5
1,005.0
2,416.3
329.6
768.1
679.1
501.4
3,502.1
2,869.8
3,991.1
2,256.0
1,008.7
2,419.3
330.2
768.4
683.7
504.4
3,510.0
2,870.2
4,007.6
2,266.3
1,010.1
2,422.4
329.7
767.7
504.0
3,512.1
2,868.4
4,014.7
2,272.7
1,009.9
2,430.9
331.0
768.9
696.5
504.6
3,516.9
2,891.7
4,028.4
2,283.3
1,013.6
2,421.8
331.2
770.2
697.9
508.8
3,521.3
2,892.4
4,044.0
2,288.7
1,016.4
2,430.9
332.0
766.9
702.9
512.5
3,510.6
2,897.7
4,067.2
2,293.0
1,023.0
2,436.8
332.3
767.0
706.1
514.3
3,519.0
2,917.2
4,076.6
2,298.8
1,025.0
2,456.3
331.4
769.2
709.5
514.0
3,539.5
2,922.2
4,084.1
2,296.3
1,030.4
2,463.8
333.5
772.4
711.1
512.2
3,546.7
2,927.0
4,101.7
2,301.5
1,035.9
2,471.8
334.2
774.0
709.8
513.3
3,552.3
2,934.7
4,099.0
2,301.5
1,040.7
2,474.7
335.2
782.7
711.3
518.0
3,558.8
2,941.6
4,111.1
2,305.3
1,044.4
2,475.7
337.1
785.4
715.3
512.0
3,566.5
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
626.9
7,743.5
3,270.8
286.0
4,907.9
1,246.8
1,313.5
5,108.3
431.8
1,579.2
628.6
7,737.9
3,270.7
287.2
4,912.1
1,241.6
1,319.9
5,115.0
431.8
1,578.8
630.3
7,748.4
3,279.0
286.9
4,920.6
1,240.6
1,323.1
5,119.9
431.6
1,579.3
630.8
7,759.7
3,287.0
287.1
4,917.5
1,241.6
1,327.7
5,126.6
431.6
1,581.6
631.4
7,764.7
3,294.4
287.6
4,923.9
1,241.3
1,329.3
5,138.4
432.0
1,583.8
638.8
7,775.7
3,293.5
287.4
4,929.7
1,249.0
1,331.2
5,109.8
430.7
1,589.8
639.8
7,779.1
3,295.9
288.8
4,940.7
1,247.6
1,332.4
5,114.6
430.6
1,593.1
641.8
7,793.5
3,317.3
291.1
4,942.1
1,247.9
1,336.5
5,134.5
430.5
1,591.7
649.7
7,796.4
3.319.3
291.2
4,940.5
1,256.1
1,338.6
5,149.2
432.3
1,591.8
651.6
7,812.4
3,328.6
291.2
4,950.5
1,259.4
1,343.9
5,171.3
434.4
1,593.7
656.1
7,812.7
3,335.7
290.9
4,953.5
1,264.6
1,347.7
5,183.8
438.4
1,595.6
657.9
7,839.5
3,334.6
292.3
4,951.9
1,268.0
1,352.7
5,172.2
436.3
1,596.3
659.1
7,833.5
3,337.8
294.5
4,957.9
1,266.0
1,358.2
5,176.2
439.0
1,594.8
316.4
2,336.8
7,532.8
809.6
256.0
2,932.0
2,254.2
651.9
2,413.6
208.4
316.8
2,342.1
7,550.3
813.3
256.8
2,938.4
2,266.5
655.7
2,416.8
210.9
318.0
2,353.4
7,561.9
818.6
257.9
2,945.1
2,264.2
657.8
2,423.4
211.1
318.5
2,358.0
7,578.1
825.0
257.8
2,952.9
2,268.2
659.5
2,429.4
211.2
318.6
2,365.5
7,594.4
831.7
256.8
2,960.2
2,269.1
666.9
2,431.4
212.3
323.2
2,362.1
7,569.3
839.9
256.4
2,959.4
2,270.1
663.2
2,429.3
213.3
324.4
2,370.6
7,601.9
842.9
258.4
2,968.1
2,275.1
665.1
2,431.0
213.3
325.5
2,372.1
7,622.9
847.1
258.9
2,988.2
2,277.7
665.6
2,441.8
212.0
326.4
2,377.3
7,660.2
848.7
260.4
2,995.7
2,275.4
667.7
2,443.6
212.0
327.4
2,387.6
7,675.6
850.5
258.8
3,001.8
2,281.1
677.4
2,445.8
211.9
330.1
2,393.0
7,705.5
854.5
259.1
3,004.3
2,293.2
671.0
2,459.1
212.4
331.6
2,394.6
7,744.6
859.1
258.4
3,013.6
2,293.7
671.3
2,470.1
211.8
332.0
2,395.7
7,775.4
861.5
257.6
3,017.6
2,293.7
673.3
2,471.3
213.1
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
See footnotes at end of table.
54
,
,
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major Industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994
1993
State
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.P
Construction
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
79.0
11.7
90.3
37.3
447.8
85.2
45.9
18.3
8.6
288.2
130.6
78.7
11.7
91.2
37.0
446.0
85.2
45.9
18.2
8.5
289.2
132.1
79.3
11.8
92.7
37.3
447.0
85.4
45.7
18.2
8.4
291.1
131.5
78.4
11.7
94.0
37.2
446.9
85.3
46.3
18.3
8.5
292.1
131.7
78.6
11.9
95.4
37.1
447.1
86.7
47.3
18.3
8.6
294.2
133.0
78.9
12.4
98.1
37.8
446.4
87.0
47.9
17.9
8.2
295.1
135.7
78.2
13.1
101.0
38.5
450.3
85.0
49.1
17.4
8.1
295.2
132.8
78.4
13.0
101.9
39.4
451.6
84.3
47.9
17.3
8.4
296.5
136.2
79.4
12.9
103.2
38.8
452.4
83.6
46.9
17.7
8.3
300.1
138.1
79.9
13.0
102.8
39.6
451.9
83.4
46.2
18.3
8.5
300.5
138.0
80.5
12.5
103.5
40.2
452.2
84.6
45.9
19.1
8.8
300.1
138.5
80.4
12.5
103.0
40.2
453.6
85.2
46.8
19.1
8.8
304.0
134.7
79.9
12.5
103.7
40.6
451.7
85.6
45.8
18.9
8.5
305.1
139.6
Hawaii2
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
32.0
25.3
198.1
118.7
48.8
49.0
70.7
96.2
20.5
120.0
31.8
25.7
198.6
118.5
49.2
48.9
71.0
97.4
20.4
119.7
32.0
25.5
200.8
119.7
49.6
49.3
70.9
98.6
21.1
120.4
31.7
25.8
200.0
120.4
51.1
49.2
70.9
98.5
21.4
121.0
31.0
25.7
201.7
119.7
50.5
48.9
70.5
98.1
21.7
121.6
30.7
27.3
196.2
116.8
49.4
48.5
66.3
96.9
21.5
118.9
30.3
27.2
197.1
118.2
49.3
47.0
67.2
98.7
21.6
117.8
29.7
28.0
201.1
122.3
50.4
47.9
69.1
101.4
21.5
117.3
30.0
27.7
199.1
121.6
50.7
48.5
70.2
102.6
21.5
118.0
29.3
28.5
202.3
123.6
51.2
49.4
70.9
103.9
22.1
118.0
28.9
29.0
202.8
121.9
50.3
50.7
69.3
105.6
21.5
119.2
29.0
29.4
202.0
123.5
49.8
52.4
70.2
104.9
21.6
119.7
29.6
29.7
203.1
123.5
49.4
52.1
70.4
105.2
21.9
120.0
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
83.2
134.3
78.5
39.9
95.8
14.1
32.4
47.7
16.8
113.7
83.9
134.6
78.7
41.0
96.8
14.2
32.1
47.8
17.0
114.0
84.8
134.2
80.5
42.1
97.9
14.3
32.5
47.6
17.0
116.0
84.6
134.6
81.3
41.6
98.4
14.2
32.5
47.2
17.2
116.4
85.2
133.9
81.8
41.7
99.7
14.2
32.6
47.1
17.6
118.2
86.0
132.7
82.2
41.1
99.4
14.6
32.5
48.1
18.1
116.4
85.2
134.2
82.4
39.8
100.9
14.4
31.0
48.0
18.3
114.5
84.3
138.2
82.6
40.7
101.0
14.1
31.8
48.8
18.3
116.3
88.5
137.0
82.1
41.5
102.9
14.0
32.3
48.7
18.0
120.6
89.0
136.8
81.9
42.5
104.8
14.3
33.2
48.4
17.6
121.8
88.3
138.8
81.3
41.9
105.5
14.5
33.4
48.4
17.1
122.3
86.9
142.3
80.5
41.4
107.4
14.8
32.9
49.4
17.1
123.7
87.5
140.0
80.5
42.0
107.1
14.9
32.7
49.4
16.6
123.4
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
36.4
238.7
155.9
11.6
184.4
42.2
55.6
197.0
12.2
82.5
36.8
239.4
156.0
11.7
184.8
42.1
56.1
197.7
12.2
82.3
37.3
240.6
156.2
12.0
184.7
42.2
55.8
198.6
12.0
81.9
37.6
240.0
156.5
12.0
185.1
42.4
57.1
198.8
11.8
82.0
38.2
240.3
157.4
12.2
185.5
42.3
56.1
200.3
11.2
81.8
38.4
244.0
159.0
12.4
183.1
43.6
57.9
194.7
10.7
81.9
37.8
242.4
158.1
12.5
184.1
42.5
56.6
194.8
10.4
81.4
38.3
244.1
160.6
13.3
182.9
41.9
57.9
194.7
10.3
81.9
39.0
245.8
161.5
13.5
182.8
43.1
57.6
200.9
10.6
83.0
39.6
244.9
163.0
12.9
183.5
43.8
59.2
202.1
11.6
82.5
40.7
248.0
164.1
13.0
183.5
45.4
60.6
203.3
12.5
81.6
41.7
251.0
163.9
13.0
182.4
46.2
60.8
202.8
13.1
82.1
42.3
251.4
164.0
12.9
182.5
46.8
62.1
203.4
12.2
81.4
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
13.0
94.9
352.5
39.3
11.8
154.0
119.0
32.7
94.6
12.3
12.9
95.9
352.4
39.9
11.8
154.7
120.1
32.9
95.5
12.3
13.2
97.3
354.7
40.6
11.4
155.4
120.9
33.7
95.5
12.4
13.1
97.6
355.3
41.9
11.3
155.8
121.3
34.3
95.9
12.5
13.2
98.2
356.5
43.1
11.1
156.5
120.9
33.9
95.2
12.6
13.1
97.1
358.5
43.6
10.9
156.6
122.0
31.8
92.4
12.6
13.3
96.1
361.1
44.5
11.0
156.0
121.8
32.2
91.0
12.5
13.8
95.9
364.8
45.3
10.8
158.2
123.0
32.9
93.9
12.7
13.9
95.7
366.0
46.1
10.8
159.1
121.9
33.8
96.8
12.8
14.0
96.8
365.9
46.8
11.0
159.5
123.9
34.2
98.4
13.1
13.7
96.9
370.5
48.0
11.2
159.4
125.9
34.6
100.6
12.4
13.8
96.6
373.0
49.4
11.1
159.9
127.0
35.4
101.1
12.6
14.1
97.0
376.5
49.8
11.1
160.5
126.6
35.5
101.2
12.4
See footnotes at end of table.
55
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994
1993
State
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.P
Manufacturing
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
383.8
16.9
174.0
243.3
1,796.2
188.4
291.6
65.0
13.9
484.3
556.1
19.1
69.6
935.0
638.3
236.2
182.2
293.0
186.5
91.1
178.4
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
451.3
894.2
403.5
253.8
410.5
23.0
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
42.8
978.9
846.3
19.6
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
See footnotes at end of table.
56
103.3
30.2
96.9
515.0
1,046.9
168.3
209.6
936.3
87.1
374.4
40.3
530.5
987.5
108.5
43.2
405.6
338.5
82.7
559.7
9.5
383.4
17.2
174.0
244.1
1,786.6
187.9
291.9
64.7
13.8
483.8
556.6
382.6
17.3
174.1
244.9
1,778.7
188.1
290.9
64.8
13.9
483.5
556.3
382.2
16.5
174.4
245.5
1,773.4
187.7
289.0
64.4
13.9
482.6
558.0
381.8
16.5
174.7
245.6
1,766.1
188.8
287.9
64.2
14.0
482.7
558.8
380.7
15.4
176.2
247.3
1,766.2
188.7
287.2
64.4
14.1
480.7
559.7
381.6
18.4
176.4
247.0
1,761.1
188.9
285.1
63.6
14.2
480.6
565.6
382.9
17.5
176.4
246.9
1,761.1
188.8
285.9
63.7
14.1
481.4
565.7
383.1
16.0
177.9
248.3
1,760.8
190.3
284.7
63.7
14.2
482.8
566.4
384.0
14.5
178.3
249.0
1,754.8
191.0
286.2
63.4
14.1
482.8
567.3
384.4
16.1
181.2
250.7
1,752.3
191.0
285.5
63.3
14.0
483.2
568.7
381.9
16.3
182.3
252.3
1,755.5
190.7
284.3
60.7
14.0
484.3
565.5
19.0
69.4
934.8
638.5
236.8
182.0
293.0
186.3
90.9
178.2
18.8
70.0
936.5
638.7
237.1
181.5
292.7
186.7
91.6
178.1
18.8
70.6
937.1
640.6
238.0
181.2
293.3
186.5
91.8
177.9
18.7
70.8
940.2
642.0
238.4
181.2
292.8
186.7
91.8
177.7
17.8
71.1
942.1
644.1
240.4
181.9
293.3
186.3
91.2
177.8
18.0
71.4
941.3
647.8
241.1
182.0
293.2
186.4
92.4
177.5
18.1
72.7
941.5
647.2
242.1
182.2
294.1
187.2
92.7
177.0
17.9
72.8
940.0
649.7
242.4
182.1
295.2
187.8
92.5
177.3
17.8
72.2
939.0
650.0
243.5
182.6
296.1
186.7
92.8
177.2
17.7
72.7
939.0
649.5
244.5
182.3
297.6
186.0
92.7
176.4
17.4
72.7
930.5
652.3
245.0
180.5
299.1
186.3
92.4
176.5
450.3
894.3
404.4
253.5
410.6
23.0
104.0
30.5
96.6
515.1
449.8
897.1
405.7
254.6
412.1
23.1
104.0
30.4
96.7
513.9
447.6
906.5
407.0
255.4
412.8
22.7
104.1
30.4
97.1
512.9
446.1
911.4
408.3
255.5
412.8
22.7
104.0
30.5
97.1
512.6
445.7
931.2
410.6
256.3
411.4
22.9
103.9
30.6
97.1
514.9
445.5
929.8
410.5
257.1
412.1
23.0
104.2
30.8
97.9
511.0
445.5
934.2
410.2
258.0
412.4
23.0
104.0
31.0
98.1
509.7
446.8
935.6
410.5
256.7
412.3
22.6
104.1
31.6
98.1
510.4
447.3
930.5
411.4
257.8
410.4
22.6
104.0
31.8
98.1
509.7
448.1
940.7
413.7
259.0
409.8
22.6
104.5
31.8
98.3
507.8
450.3
938.5
414.2
260.5
408.0
22.5
105.6
31.9
99.7
507.2
449.0
942.5
416.0
260.4
43.3
975.9
847.1
19.6
1,046.7
168.3
211.3
936.1
86.6
373.9
43.4
973.7
847.5
19.5
1,044.6
169.1
212.9
935.0
86.7
372.2
43.5
972.5
849.1
19.6
1,046.0
169.4
212.5
934.8
86.3
371.5
43.4
971.4
847.9
19.7
1,047.4
169.7
214.1
935.7
86.4
371.8
43.4
965.5
847.7
19.8
1,050.3
170.1
214.8
936.1
86.7
371.7
43.6
965.0
847.6
20.1
1,052.9
168.5
216.1
935.4
86.7
374.4
43.4
961.8
851.9
20.5
1,053.0
169.1
216.5
936.8
86.5
372.3
44.0
960.0
851.1
20.9
1,052.5
169.2
216.6
934.3
86.5
371.7
43.8
958.3
850.4
20.9
1,052.6
169.4
215.8
936.0
86.3
370.8
44.2
954.9
850.0
21.1
1,054.6
170.2
218.0
936.9
86.4
371.2
44.6
955.4
854.0
21.1
1,056.7
170.7
218.8
937.8
83.5
372.0
45.5
951.3
852.3
40.2
530.8
992.6
109.2
43.3
405.2
338.6
82.7
559.1
9.5
40.7
531.5
994.0
109.9
43.3
405.9
338.5
82.5
561.1
9.5
41.2
532.9
995.3
110.8
43.3
406.5
337.0
82.8
562.3
9.4
41.3
534.4
997.0
111.6
43.6
405.2
335.2
82.6
563.2
9.4
41.8
534.8
994.5
114.2
43.2
406.4
335.6
81.5
566.0
9.6
41.9
537.6
995.8
114.2
43.2
403.3
333.9
81.3
566.5
9.8
42.4
537.5
997.6
115.0
43.1
401.9
333.8
81.3
567.9
9.9
42.4
539.0
1,000.1
115.2
42.8
399.6
332.5
81.4
568.2
9.9
42.5
537.9
1,000.5
115.4
42.7
401.6
331.8
81.4
568.5
9.9
43.2
540.6
1,000.6
115.0
42.8
400.7
332.6
81.1
572.9
9.9
43.9
540.8
1,000.2
115.2
43.2
404.1
332.9
81.0
574.8
9.9
384.4
16.3
183.3
253.9
1,751.4
190.4
284.2
63.6
14.1
483.5
571.7
17.3
73.8
928.3
651.3
243.8
180.6
300.0
185.9
91.5
176.7
413.1
22.6
105.5
31.8
98.6
511.0
21.3
1,058.4
168.6
216.8
936.2
86.7
370.4
44.6
539.7
999.2
115.2
43.3
402.4
334.0
80.7
572.4
9.8
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1994
1993
State
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.P
Transportation and public utilities
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
85.0
22.9
77.2
57.2
600.8
104.8
69.7
14.6
21.2
284.9
202.0
85.2
22.9
77.9
57.2
600.6
104.5
69.5
14.9
21.1
285.2
203.6
85.3
22.8
77.5
56.9
600.1
104.0
69.4
15.0
21.1
285.7
203.1
85.5
22.8
76.9
56.8
597.5
104.7
69.3
15.1
20.8
287.0
203.4
85.2
22.9
76.6
57.1
597.9
104.9
69.3
14.9
20.8
289.9
202.9
85.0
23.0
78.6
56.3
600.1
104.2
69.2
14.8
20.8
283.7
203.6
84.9
23.2
78.6
56.4
599.3
105.1
69.3
15.1
20.7
285.0
205.4
85.1
23.4
78.5
56.6
598.9
105.0
68.4
14.9
20.8
286.4
206.2
85.2
23.1
78.7
56.1
591.8
103.1
69.5
15.0
20.9
286.4
203.5
85.0
23.4
79.3
56.8
594.3
103.5
68.9
15.2
21.2
288.1
207.7
85.1
23.1
79.4
57.0
593.7
103.2
68.9
15.2
21.2
286.9
208.1
84.8
23.1
78.9
57.6
594.5
104.5
69.0
14.9
21.1
285.9
207.9
84.5
23.1
78.9
58.1
593.7
104.9
68.7
15.2
21.1
286.2
208.0
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
41.0
20.7
309.6
133.7
57.0
66.8
81.8
105.5
22.1
98.3
40.9
20.8
312.0
133.9
57.2
67.0
82.4
105.1
22.1
98.6
40.6
21.1
311.2
134.7
57.0
67.1
82.4
105.8
21.6
98.3
40.1
21.4
312.2
135.0
56.9
67.3
82.6
105.7
21.8
97.9
39.8
21.4
313.8
135.0
56.9
67.7
82.5
106.3
21.9
98.1
39.9
21.1
312.1
135.3
56.8
68.0
81.8
105.7
21.4
98.9
39.8
21.0
313.2
135.3
56.9
68.3
82.9
106.1
21.5
97.7
40.1
21.1
312.6
135.7
57.2
68.1
82.9
106.6
21.3
97.3
40.3
21.3
306.1
132.9
57.3
68.2
83.1
106.6
20.9
97.0
40.1
21.4
311.3
135.8
57.4
68.7
83.7
107.2
21.0
97.6
39.8
21.4
312.5
136.2
57.7
69.1
84.2
107.3
21.5
97.1
39.9
21.5
312.7
136.6
57.6
69.2
84.8
107.9
21.7
96.2
39.8
21.4
311.8
136.6
57.2
69.2
84.5
108.2
21.3
96.2
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
124.4
155.4
108.8
45.8
153.3
20.1
46.9
35.3
18.0
236.0
125.0
155.6
106.6
45.8
155.1
20.2
47.1
35.6
18.0
235.2
125.8
156.1
109.0
46.0
154.5
20.2
47.0
35.8
17.9
234.4
124.9
156.3
109.9
45.3
154.5
20.3
47.2
35.9
17.9
235.1
125.3
156.4
110.1
45.2
154.7
20.4
47.4
35.9
18.0
235.1
126.7
158.8
110.0
44.6
154.5
20.0
47.2
36.0
18.1
237.7
127.3
158.8
110.2
44.7
154.6
20.2
47.4
36.0
18.2
238.0
127.9
159.1
109.9
44.9
154.8
20.2
47.8
36.3
18.2
238.7
127.0
154.1
108.5
43.7
151.7
20.2
47.0
36.4
17.9
236.9
127.5
160.5
109.3
45.2
155.0
20.4
47.2
36.5
18.2
238.7
127.4
160.0
109.4
46.2
154.7
20.4
47.2
36.7
18.3
238.5
127.7
158.9
110.0
45.9
154.4
20.4
47.5
36.6
18.4
238.2
127.1
159.5
109.1
46.1
154.4
20.5
48.1
36.9
17.9
239.9
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
29.0
399.9
156.9
18.0
214.1
71.8
65.8
263.7
14.0
66.1
28.9
399.1
156.5
18.1
213.1
71.6
65.9
266.3
14.5
66.4
28.9
400.4
156.6
18.1
213.2
71.2
66.0
267.1
14.3
66.5
28.9
401.4
156.8
18.2
212.9
70.9
66.2
267.2
14.5
66.6
28.9
402.4
156.7
18.2
212.7
70.9
66.4
268.9
14.7
66.7
29.4
404.2
155.8
18.3
212.5
71.3
66.0
269.2
14.5
66.2
29.7
406.0
156.3
18.4
212.5
71.6
66.1
268.6
14.6
66.8
29.9
406.4
157.1
18.4
212.0
71.8
66.4
269.4
14.5
67.0
30.0
402.7
155.7
18.3
203.8
71.8
65.0
262.8
14.5
66.5
30.1
405.8
155.7
18.3
212.5
72.0
66.2
271.5
14.6
67.7
29.5
405.2
156.3
18.1
212.5
72.0
66.6
272.1
14.5
67.3
29.8
399.8
157.4
18.4
212.0
71.7
66.9
269.5
14.4
67.3
29.7
398.6
156.4
18.4
211.1
72.1
66.4
268.1
14.1
67.5
South Dakota
Tennessee
14.9
127.4
436.5
46.4
11.1
149.8
114.3
38.8
112.9
14.5
14.7
127.8
438.7
47.2
11.0
150.1
115.5
38.8
113.6
14.6
14.6
128.7
439.4
47.4
11.0
150.7
114.6
38.7
113.8
14.6
14.6
128.3
441.6
47.7
11.0
151.4
114.3
38.6
113.9
14.6
14.6
128.1
443.3
48.1
10.9
151.5
115.4
39.0
114.4
14.6
14.9
127.1
443.5
49.2
10.9
150.9
115.1
39.2
114.0
14.6
14.9
128.5
445.0
49.3
11.0
151.4
114.6
39.7
114.2
14.7
14.9
128.9
444.9
49.8
10.9
152.8
117.0
39.3
114.4
14.6
15.1
124.1
444.5
48.2
11.0
151.3
115.2
39.0
111.2
14.5
15.0
129.7
445.6
48.5
10.9
153.3
117.3
39.2
110.8
14.4
15.3
129.5
446.6
48.7
10.9
151.9
118.2
39.3
113.6
14.4
15.4
129.9
445.6
49.4
11.2
153.2
119.3
39.6
113.4
14.2
15.3
130.4
448.3
49.4
11.1
153.0
120.1
39.4
113.2
14.1
Iowa
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
See footnotes at end of table.
57
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1993
1994
State
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.P
Wholesale and retail trade
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
376.9
49.5
387.4
221.1
2,780.1
406.3
328.2
76.2
52.7
1,457.6
780.8
377.8
49.6
389.0
221.1
2,775.9
406.8
326.5
76.3
52.7
1,462.4
782.7
379.3
49.4
389.8
221.4
2,768.8
408.2
327.0
76.0
52.6
1,464.8
784.6
380.0
50.2
390.1
222.2
2,765.4
409.9
324.9
76.0
52.2
1,468.3
786.5
381.5
50.4
389.9
221.7
2,765.3
411.3
322.6
76.2
51.9
1,472.8
787.2
380.6
49.9
389.3
221.2
2,769.4
413.1
328.1
76.7
52.1
1,463.8
787.2
382.3
49.7
390.2
222.2
2,768.3
415.9
328.2
76.3
51.8
1,477.3
794.2
383.7
50.6
394.4
223.6
2,768.6
417.7
325.1
76.7
52.1
1,479.2
795.7
384.7
51.3
397.8
223.6
2,768.4
420.3
326.6
77.8
51.6
1,484.9
796.9
384.4
51.1
398.4
224.5
2,765.2
421.0
327.1
79.1
52.0
1,487.0
797.3
385.9
51.2
401.4
224.6
2,760.8
424.9
325.7
'79.6
52.8
1,491.6
800.6
385.1
51.4
400.6
226.8
2,762.8
427.1
327.1
79.5
52.3
1,492.9
797.4
385.5
51.9
402.5
228.4
2,763.5
428.6
326.6
79.2
52.5
1,499.8
798.2
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
132.7
109.8
1,245.7
605.9
321.2
275.0
361.7
382.3
130.5
499.9
132.6
110.4
1,246.3
605.6
321.4
276.0
361.5
382.0
131.3
498.9
132.6
112.2
1,250.8
613.7
322.3
276.1
361.4
380.4
131.3
498.3
132.3
112.9
1,253.2
618.3
322.4
276.7
361.2
381.3
130.9
497.8
132.2
112.8
1,254.5
618.8
322.8
277.0
360.6
382.4
130.1
497.9
131.7
113.2
1,251.9
614.3
321.7
276.2
359.5
379.7
129.7
500.8
130.7
113.7
1,264.6
615.4
322.3
277.2
363.5
382.6
129.6
499.2
130.4
114.6
1,263.6
615.7
321.5
278.3
364.9
386.8
129.4
500.3
130.3
115.9
1,271.1
616.3
323.9
277.1
365.5
388.2
132.1
502.2
129.4
116.0
1,273.7
615.9
324.8
278.2
367.0
389.5
133.3
503.0
129.1
116.3
1,278.7
614.7
326.0
278.9
368.6
390.8
134.3
504.7
129.3
116.8
1,275.7
615.9
325.9
277.6
370.4
392.0
135.6
505.0
129.6
117.0
1,277.7
615.8
326.7
277.4
370.9
394.4
136.5
503.8
650.1
936.4
535.0
210.1
572.9
88.4
195.6
134.1
128.7
814.8
648.9
936.2
535.4
210.7
574.1
88.3
193.7
135.0
129.1
815.9
649.7
936.6
538.3
211.1
574.2
88.4
193.8
135.4
129.2
818.5
650.5
939.9
540.9
211.4
574.3
88.4
194.1
136.0
129.0
818.0
648.1
941.6
540.8
211.5
575.1
88.6
194.0
136.9
129.3
819.4
656.2
937.7
544.7
211.9
572.5
89.0
194.3
137.0
129.9
823.4
655.3
945.8
548.0
212.8
574.9
89.2
194.2
137.9
130.2
819.0
659.9
952.0
549.0
215.0
575.3
89.0
193.5
138.4
130.9
822.3
663.9
957.5
551.5
216.6
581.5
88.8
193.6
139.3
131.9
827.5
668.7
960.0
548.3
217.1
582.4
89.0
193.4
140.1
130.8
828.8
670.6
965.4
548.9
217.7
581.4
89.8
194.3
140.7
131.9
831.3
673.1
963.2
548.9
216.4
580.8
90.0
197.0
140.4
131.8
834.8
675.4
964.0
549.4
216.0
580.9
91.1
198.1
140.6
129.9
836.1
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
148.1
1,554.3
737.1
75.0
1,174.4
289.6
327.9
1,149.6
94.6
352.8
147.8
1,551.6
736.8
75.1
1,174.8
289.6
329.2
1,148.0
95.8
352.7
148.3
1,551.7
737.6
75.3
1,174.8
289.9
330.0
1,148.8
95.1
353.9
148.3
1,553.1
737.8
75.2
1,174.8
289.9
330.4
1,150.3
94.9
355.3
148.3
1,555.7
740.6
75.3
1,175.3
289.5
330.8
1,153.2
95.1
356.4
150.4
1,567.2
736.3
74.9
1,178.0
290.8
330.4
1,146.3
94.3
357.1
150.7
1,566.4
738.8
75.2
1,180.6
292.5
330.7
1,149.4
94.6
358.8
151.2
1,571.2
743.1
75.6
1,181.7
291.4
331.9
1,155.7
94.4
358.1
153.4
1,570.5
743.6
75.4
1,182.3
293.2
334.6
1,157.6
94.6
357.9
153.7
1,572.4
745.2
75.1
1,185.4
292.7
335.0
1,160.4
95.2
358.3
154.0
1,574.2
745.0
75.2
1,183.5
294.6
335.5
1,166.3
96.1
358.2
155.5
1,579.4
745.4
75.8
1,185.3
296.6
335.2
1,164.4
95.9
357.3
155.3
1,582.6
745.2
76.0
1,185.7
297.6
337.9
1,168.7
96.9
357.8
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
81.4
535.5
1,817.4
192.9
60.5
651.3
545.5
149.7
553.7
48.3
81.6
537.5
1.822.5
193.6
60.6
651.4
547.6
149.8
554.1
48.4
81.3
541.0
1,827.1
194.8
60.5
652.6
549.4
150.5
556.2
48.2
81.3
541.7
1,833.0
196.2
60.1
653.0
549.4
151.3
558.9
48.2
81.2
543.7
1,844.9
197.1
60.6
655.0
550.7
152.3
558.7
48.4
82.4
542.3
1,834.7
198.2
60.9
658.9
549.1
152.1
554.2
48.5
82.8
545.5
1,842.6
198.5
61.1
663.1
552.4
152.3
556.6
48.6
82.6
546.1
1,848.6
199.9
61.4
668.7
551.9
152.4
557.2
48.3
83.0
550.5
1,855.5
199.5
61.5
672.7
551.0
153.6
558.1
48.3
83.3
552.0
1,862.5
199.9
61.3
675.4
551.5
154.1
559.5
48.0
83.6
552.7
1,867.6
200.7
61.8
675.6
554.5
154.3
559.9
48.8
84.2
556.3
1,874.9
202.4
61.2
677.6
552.7
154.4
561.3
49.3
83.8
557.2
1,884.5
202.6
61.1
677.4
553.0
155.0
564.3
49.6
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
See footnotes at end of table.
58
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major Industry, seasonally adjusted-—Continued
(In thousands)
1993
1994
State
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.P
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
75.8
11.3
100.2
40.5
786.4
106.9
138.7
35.2
31.2
358.1
167.0
75.8
11.3
100.5
40.7
785.1
107.2
138.9
35.4
30.7
358.4
167.1
76.0
11.4
100.8
40.8
783.2
107.7
139.1
35.5
30.6
359.9
167.4
76.1
11.3
101.1
40.9
782.2
108.2
138.7
35.8
30.3
361.0
167.2
76.5
11.4
101.3
41.0
780.7
108.7
138.3
35.9
30.0
361.7
167.6
76.9
11.4
101.3
40.9
782.4
108.4
138.4
36.0
30.0
362.8
166.6
77.1
11.4
101.1
41.2
780.9
108.6
137.8
36.2
29.6
363.5
167.1
77.2
11.3
101.3
41.4
780.5
108.8
136.8
36.4
29.3
364.5
167.5
77.3
11.5
101.5
41.2
778.5
109.5
138.1
36.7
29.5
364.2
167.4
77.0
11.4
101.7
41.4
774.8
109.1
137.3
36.7
29.9
365.2
167.8
77.0
11.4
102.5
41.4
770.4
109.4
136.8
36.9
30.1
365.7
167.7
77.0
11.5
102.9
41.6
768.2
109.7
136.0
37.0
30.2
367.0
167.3
77.1
11.6
102.8
41.6
765.5
109.4
136.1
37.2
30.1
366.3
166.8
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
39.4
22.7
383.9
128.5
74.3
58.6
63.0
78.0
25.9
129.5
39.4
23.0
384.4
128.7
74.6
58.5
62.7
77.9
25.8
129.8
39.6
23.1
384.8
129.0
74.8
58.4
63.0
78.1
25.9
129.9
39.4
23.3
385.5
129.3
75.0
58.6
63.4
77.9
26.1
130.0
39.4
23.3
386.0
129.5
75.5
58.6
63.2
77.9
26.0
130.0
39.6
23.4
385.4
129.4
75.2
58.4
63.0
77.8
25.9
130.6
39.5
23.4
385.5
129.4
75.1
58.5
62.8
77.8
25.9
130.4
39.5
23.8
384.9
129.6
75.4
58.6
62.9
78.1
26.0
130.1
39.6
24.1
385.3
129.8
75.7
58.8
62.9
78.6
26.1
130.2
39.6
24.0
386.3
129.9
75.9
59.0
62.5
78.7
25.9
129.6
39.6
24.2
386.7
129.8
75.9
59.4
62.5
79.1
25.8
129.1
39.4
24.3
387.8
130.0
75.9
59.1
62.2
79.2
25.8
128.6
39.3
24.4
387.2
130.0
76.0
58.7
62.4
79.5
25.8
128.2
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
200.4
193.4
136.2
38.8
141.6
14.8
50.5
31.3
29.9
229.1
200.3
193.1
136.9
38.9
141.9
15.0
50.6
31.5
29.8
229.7
200.6
189.5
137.7
38.9
142.3
15.0
50.5
31.7
29.9
230.3
200.5
193.3
138.4
38.9
142.3
14.9
50.7
31.8
29.9
230.7
200.6
193.5
139.1
38.9
143.1
15.0
50.6
31.9
29.9
230.6
201.4
192.5
139.3
38.7
141.2
15.1
50.5
32.1
30.1
230.5
201.4
192.6
139.7
39.2
141.3
15.1
50.8
32.1
30.1
231.1
201.6
193.6
140.0
39.4
141.9
15.2
50.6
32.1
30.1
230.9
202.3
194.8
139.6
39.5
143.0
15.1
50.7
32.1
29.8
231.0
202.2
195.5
139.3
39.1
143.2
15.2
50.5
32.1
29.8
231.1
202.3
196.4
138.8
39.1
143.1
15.1
50.6
32.1
29.5
232.3
202.6
196.6
138.6
38.9
144.0
15.2
50.5
32.0
29.0
232.7
202.7
195.9
138.7
39.1
144.1
15.1
50.5
32.1
28.8
232.0
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
27.7
726.7
139.0
13.6
259.2
61.6
92.5
303.7
25.3
66.1
27.8
728.4
139.9
13.6
259.2
61.5
93.0
304.1
25.4
66.1
27.8
729.2
141.0
13.6
259.3
61.3
93.5
304.0
25.3
66.2
27.7
728.7
141.1
13.6
259.6
61.3
93.8
304.7
25.3
66.3
27.8
728.7
141.7
13.7
260.1
61.1
93.9
304.6
25.2
66.3
28.1
727.4
141.9
13.7
260.5
61.2
94.4
303.1
25.3
66.2
28.2
728.6
142.2
13.8
260.4
61.3
94.7
304.3
25.4
66.5
28.3
729.5
142.9
13.8
260.6
61.6
95.4
304.5
25.2
66.3
28.9
730.3
143.8
13.8
260.9
61.8
95.9
305.9
25.4
66.3
29.0
730.9
144.7
13.8
260.9
61.9
96.5
307.2
25.2
66.4
29.0
733.7
145.3
13.9
260.7
62.0
96.5
307.2
25.0
66.4
29.3
734.8
145.3
13.9
260.8
62.1
96.6
307.7
25.2
66.2
29.2
733.4
145.8
14.0
260.6
61.7
96.8
307.2
25.2
66.6
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
17.9
104.2
429.5
40.4
12.1
157.9
121.3
25.1
130.9
17.9
104.2
430.5
41.0
12.1
158.3
121.7
25.2
131.4
17.9
104.9
431.8
41.6
12.2
159.2
121.9
25.1
132.0
18.0
105.1
433.8
41.6
12.2
160.1
122.3
25.1
132.4
17.9
105.4
435.5
42.5
12.3
160.8
122.7
25.1
132.7
18.0
105.2
434.2
44.2
12.2
160.0
123.2
25.0
132.6
18.1
105.3
434.4
44.6
12.1
160.9
122.9
25.0
132.4
18.2
105.3
436.9
45.0
12.0
161.2
122.3
25.1
132.7
18.2
105.6
438.6
45.9
12.0
162.2
122.1
25.0
132.6
18.2
105.8
438.8
46.2
12.0
162.9
121.8
25.0
132.9
18.2
105.9
438.9
46.0
11.9
163.5
121.8
25.3
132.9
18.2
105.9
437.7
46.8
12.1
164.3
121.3
25.3
133.3
18.1
106.2
438.6
46.9
12.1
164.7
120.6
25.3
133.5
7.7
7.8
7.7
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.9
7.8
7.8
7.7
7.8
7.7
7.7
Iowa
See footnotes at end of table.
59
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1993
1994
State
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug."
368.8
57.8
463.8
225.1
3,478.8
482.8
451.9
92.1
256.4
1,889.5
774.3
370.1
57.6
466.6
225.5
3,487.0
483.7
453.0
94.1
256.1
1,898.9
782.9
368.4
58.4
466.9
226.7
3,490.8
485.5
456.8
93.9
256.5
1,907.2
786.6
369.7
58.6
469.6
227.8
3,493.4
485.9
457.4
94.7
255.0
1,917.7
795.3
368.8
58.6
470.8
229.2
3,503.0
488.1
461.3
94.6
255.9
1,927.5
800.7
370.2
58.5
472.4
230.3
3,512.0
487.9
461.5
94.4
256.5
1,937.4
805.0
163.2
101.8
1,481.2
568.6
323.3
276.4
365.6
415.3
136.4
662.7
163.2
101.5
1,481.9
582.1
323.7
277.0
367.9
418.0
136.6
663.3
163.3
101.8
1,487.7
583.4
325.0
277.7
368.0
421.3
137.6
669.9
163.6
102.6
1,490.3
578.1
325.7
278.0
367.5
424.5
138.7
671.2
164.0
102.6
1,495.6
577.3
327.4
279.3
370.2
425.5
138.4
670.3
164.2
102.9
1,504.4
576.8
328.3
279.9
372.2
428.0
138.2
671.9
163.4
102.6
1,506.8
576.4
328.0
280.1
374.4
433.1
139.3
670.2
987.5
1,029.8
629.3
204.3
657.5
89.6
189.1
312.2
140.1
1,031.2
987.6
1,036.3
631.0
207.1
660.3
89.9
188.8
315.5
140.9
1,033.8
990.8
1,040.0
633.3
207.1
664.5
90.6
188.2
315.7
141.6
1,036.7
997.3
1,050.2
636.4
209.5
675.2
90.0
190.6
316.8
. 142.9
1,046.2
997.5
1,054.5
636.4
211.1
677.2
90.7
190.6
317.1
143.0
1,047.9
1,001.7
1,059.3
640.2
215.9
684.8
91.0
193.4
317.1
143.5
1,051.7
1,009.9
1,063.4
641.5
218.0
688.7
90.7
195.1
317.2
144.8
1,054.5
1,013.4
1,066.8
643.3
217.9
687.8
90.5
196.0
317.8
144.7
1,059.0
168.9
2,440.9
707.5
77.9
1,289.1
304.4
333.3
1,540.5
136.8
341.3
172.6
2,444.6
709.5
77.8
1,292.9
307.0
332.2
1,530.1
137.4
345.3
173.1
2,449.8
711.9
77.9
1,296.0
307.0
332.9
1,533.3
136.8
344.6
173.3
2,458.0
717.9
79.1
1,296.9
307.3
334.1
1,541.7
138.1
344.4
175.5
2,464.3
719.2
79.1
1,299.4
310.6
334.1
1,553.1
138.6
344.4
176.3
2,473.1
723.3
79.8
1,300.0
312.7
335.1
1,560.4
139.4
345.9
175.9
2,477.5
727.6
79.6
1,297.3
314.5
336.0
1,558.9
141.9
347.9
176.8
2,487.6
724.1
79.8
1,300.2
317.2
338.1
1,563.3
141.2
348.2
177.1
2,486.6
727.4
79.9
1,299.6
316.4
339.8
1,565.4
141.5
348.5
81.0
585.9
1,954.8
218.9
74.2
817.2
589.3
170.0
602.4
43.5
83.3
585.7
1,948.9
221.2
74.2
816.7
588.3
170.1
604.9
43.8
83.6
587.5
1,966.8
221.9
75.3
822.9
589.2
170.9
607.9
43.8
83.9
587.7
1,976.3
222.7
75.8
829.5
593.6
171.2
610.3
43.7
84.0
591.4
1,998.3
223.7
77.5
834.0
594.2
172.3
611.7
44.0
84.5
594.2
2,004.0
223.5
75.3
834.0
596.7
174.0
611.5
43.5
85.3
593.7
2,025.8
225.3
75.2
837.6
599.7
173.6
614.4
43.7
85.0
594.9
2,037.0
225.6
75.8
840.9
598.9
174.2
617.9
43.3
85.0
594.0
2,038.5
226.5
75.2
843.8
599.2
173.7
620.6
43.4
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
364.4
57.0
451.5
220.6
3,466.6
472.4
445.5
90.3
254.1
1,835.1
737.0
365.1
57.1
454.2
221.3
3,466.1
473.0
447.8
90.7
254.5
1,842.4
742.5
366.6
56.7
454.7
222.2
3,465.4
474.1
447.8
90.6
258.4
1,850.5
750.7
365.4
57.0
455.5
222.2
3,465.3
474.2
447.3
91.0
256.6
1,858.5
753.6
365.1
57.2
456.6
220.9
3,469.6
475.7
447.6
91.3
256.8
1,866.7
757.1
365.3
57.5
455.9
223.9
3,469.6
477.7
453.2
90.7
255.4
1,869.8
758.2
368.5
57.8
458.8
224.8
3,480.2
482.4
450.8
91.4
256.5
1,879.3
767.9
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
163.8
98.4
1,485.2
560.8
320.0
271.1
363.8
410.2
134.1
658.0
163.3
98.9
1,485.9
560.1
319.6
272.0
365.1
410.4
135.2
660.9
164.2
99.7
1,483.7
561.2
319.8
273.2
366.1
408.9
136.3
665.4
163.5
99.7
1,484.6
563.1
320.8
273.4
366.4
409.9
136.5
664.7
163.4
100.1
1,489.2
564.0
321.5
274.9
366.5
411.1
136.7
665.2
163.9
100.9
1,479.7
569.2
322.8
276.8
364.6
410.3
135.8
664.2
Massachi
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
960.6
1,023.3
618.0
200.6
652.3
89.4
188.2
294.6
139.0
1,021.9
966.6
1,026.0
619.1
199.3
654.3
89.1
189.2
297.2
138.6
1,024.0
968.2
1,027.1
621.3
199.5
654.3
88.9
189.1
301.1
138.7
1,026.8
972.1
1,027.0
623.4
200.8
655.1
89.0
188.5
305.5
138.5
1,028.2
974.0
1,027.5
626.6
200.0
658.7
89.4
188.3
311.7
138.2
1,030.1
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
168.0
2,416.7
694.9
77.1
1,277.5
306.7
328.5
1,528.3
136.9
336.8
168.1
2,418.7
697.0
77.4
1,281.4
305.6
330.6
1,532.4
136.8
337.5
169.0
2,427.3
700.2
77.9
1,285.5
304.8
331.0
1,536.0
137.1
339.0
168.8
2,435.9
703.2
78.2
1,286.5
304.3
333.1
1,539.0
137.3
340.2
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
79.8
577.0
1,948.7
213.4
74.2
802.1
583.6
167.4
598.8
42.9
79.3
578.9
1,950.9
213.9
74.6
806.5
585.2
168.0
600.4
43.1
80.8
581.8
1,953.1
215.6
75.2
809.4
586.0
169.5
601.3
43.1
80.9
583.1
1,954.4
217.3
75.7
813.2
587.3
169.4
602.0
43.2
Feb.
Services
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
See footnotes at end of table.
60
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1993
1994
State
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.P
Government
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
,
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
..
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
1
2
340.0
74.4
289.9
171.4
2,078.1
298.4
204.8
49.1
285.6
883.4
545.4
341.2
74.2
290.1
168.8
2,075.2
297.5
207.3
50.3
286.0
884.6
546.6
342.4
74.8
285.8
168.8
2,075.6
297.6
207.7
49.4
284.9
887.0
554.3
343.1
74.5
287.6
169.3
2,078.6
297.9
208.7
49.6
285.7
889.3
555.4
343.0
75.1
287.1
169.1
2,079.4
298.8
208.8
49.9
284.8
894.1
556.8
344.3
75.8
286.3
169.4
2,079.8
297.9
207.3
49.4
285.1
895.8
558.3
343.5
74.9
286.5
169.4
2,084.1
298.7
209.0
49.5
284.0
898.3
560.6
343.9
74.9
287.3
169.4
2,083.0
298.8
208.8
49.4
283.0
897.9
560.8
345.0
74.6
286.3
169.4
2,084.0
300.6
210.5
49.4
282.8
907.1
561.3
343.8
74.4
287.4
170.7
2,089.4
298.5
210.2
50.2
281.1
901.9
561.2
349.1
74.6
288.6
171.0
2,091.8
298.6
209.6
50.0
279.3
908.9
562.2
339.6
73.8
294.7
172.5
2,090.9
302.1
208.9
50.6
280.9
908.7
563.3
2,092.8
304.0
208.2
111.1
90.8
758.2
391.6
222.4
223.9
275.1
340.8
95.9
417.3
111.3
90.6
759.6
397.6
224.3
231.8
276.1
339.6
93.9
421.3
111.8
91.3
772.2
395.7
224.5
232.1
276.5
340.2
94.0
417.6
111.5
91.6
772.6
396.0
225.2
231.1
277.7
340.2
93.6
418.1
112.0
92.2
773.2
396.9
225.7
232.7
276.7
339.6
93.3
419.4
110.4
92.2
768.1
398.2
224.7
232.0
272.8
340.2
92.1
419.1
111.9
92.5
773.5
395.1
223.6
232.4
275.2
339.4
93.4
416.4
112.0
92.8
773.4
395.4
225.3
232.4
277.1
340.2
93.2
419.8
111.9
93.1
771.7
396.0
226.1
226.2
277.3
343.2
93.2
419.9
110.2
93.3
779.3
395.2
227.1
231.4
276.6
343.6
93.8
418.9
113.0
92.9
777.6
397.4
231.3
237.5
278.9
343.4
92.9
418.0
111.7
93.5
783.2
396.2
226.4
230.8
277.9
340.6
94.8
414.6
111.7
93.8
785.1
390.3
227.0
232.7
276.4
342.8
94.7
420.7
389.1
633.4
353.4
389.7
641.7
356.2
211.2
379.6
74.6
150.1
89.2
74.5
568.3
388.8
641.2
357.9
211.4
380.7
74.5
149.2
89.3
73.9
569.2
387.8
641.6
358.5
211.8
382.5
75.0
150.5
90.0
74.1
569.2
387.0
637.0
359.6
211.5
381.0
74.4
151.1
89.4
75.1
565.2
388.8
637.9
359.5
210.5
382.5
74.6
149.1
90.0
76.6
561.1
386.5
641.4
360.8
212.6
382.7
74.6
149.7
91.1
76.7
562.5
390.2
638.7
362.6
212.3
385.4
75.0
149.5
91.8
75.0
565.0
388.9
637.4
362.3
212.4
386.5
75.6
152.1
92.2
74.2
566.9
387.5
632.3
361.6
211.0
388.2
75.1
149.3
90.2
74.2
566.6
383.0
627.3
360.2
214.4
387.2
75.9
152.7
91.0
76.7
565.9
385.4
633.4
360.3
214.9
377.4
74.7
150.0
89.1
73.3
564.4
390.0
642.9
355.4
210.6
379.1
74.2
150.0
88.9
71.8
566.4
159.0
1,423.2
537.3
67.3
737.5
270.8
231.9
708.3
61.5
298.7
159.9
1,419.7
533.9
67.8
738.3
267.6
232.1
709.1
60.3
298.1
159.7
1,420.4
536.5
66.6
744.5
266.9
232.2
709.3
60.9
297.8
160.1
1,423.0
539.1
66.4
738.5
268.3
232.9
710.5
61.3
297.9
160.0
1,420.2
539.2
66.8
739.5
268.6
233.0
713.8
62.4
297.7
160.4
1,417.5
539.9
66.6
738.0
269.6
233.9
710.0
61.7
299.6
160.2
1,415.6
537.6
67.0
739.9
269.2
233.7
708.3
62.0
298.8
160.6
1,417.2
540.4
66.7
740.6
269.9
232.7
711.2
61.4
300.0
162.1
1,417.6
541.0
66.5
744.5
271.4
233.1
714.2
61.9
300.3
162.5
1,421.8
542.9
66.6
741.4
271.9
234.4
713.3
61.9
300.4
166.0
1,413.8
544.0
66.3
747.4
270.3
232.9
718.9
61.8
301.2
163.5
1,426.2
541.1
66.6
740.5
268.2
234.6
706.7
62.8
301.5
66.4
362.9
67.6
362.5
1,395.5
160.0
42.9
600.9
434.5
135.0
360.4
57.2
66.8
363.5
1,394.3
160.3
43.7
601.1
429.6
134.9
361.2
57.7
66.8
364.6
1,397.3
161.0
43.5
602.0
433.3
135.1
361.7
57.6
66.7
365.1
1,395.4
162.0
43.5
601.5
431.5
135.5
362.4
57.8
67.4
365.1
1,389.6
161.1
43.4
597.5
433.5
134.8
363.0
58.0
67.4
365.2
1,393.4
161.6
44.1
598.1
436.9
135.0
360.2
57.8
67.3
365.9
1,390.7
161.2
44.4
602.4
432.7
134.6
363.1
57.2
67.5
366.2
1,394.9
162.0
44.1
603.3
435.1
133.6
362.8
57.3
67.7
366.4
1,398.0
162.1
44.9
602.1
434.6
140.5
362.0
57.6
68.5
368.9
1,394.8
162.7
44.7
603.5
437.0
133.9
362.6
57.5
68.8
365.4
1,414.3
162.1
43.1
602.1
438.1
132.4
366.0
57.1
1,393.2
159.9
42.4
600.0
428.7
132.4
360.7
55.6
Includes mining, not shown separately.
Mining is combined with construction.
339.7
74.6
292.1
172.9
51.0
276.7
904.2
562.4
217.7
384.2
76.8
153.1
93.8
75.0
563.3
163.2
1,424.1
543.3
68.3
746.1
268.0
236.9
707.5
62.2
300.9
68.9
366.4
1,427.6
162.9
43.0
604.7
436.7
134.6
363.7
58.2
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: All State data have been adjusted to March 1993 benchmarks.
61
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1993
1994
Industry
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug."
Sept.'
34.4
34.5
34.6
34.5
34.8
34.3
34.6
34.7
34.8
34.6
34.6
34.5
34.6
44.2
45.1
44.3
44.1
44.2
44.1
44.4
45.0
44.5
44.8
45.4
44.7
45.0
0
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
41.5
4.2
41.6
4.3
41.7
4.4
41.7
4.4
41.7
4.5
41.3
4.5
42.1
4.7
42.2
4.8
42.1
4.7
42.0
4.7
42.0
4.6
42.0
4.6
42.0
4.6
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
42.3
4.3
41.0
40.0
42.7
43.6
44.1
42.2
43.0
42.0
43.6
45.1
41.1
39.8
42.4
4.5
41.2
40.4
42.8
43.8
43.8
42.3
43.2
42.1
43.5
45.1
41.1
39.7
42.5
4.7
41.4
40.7
43.3
44.1
44.0
42.5
43.2
42.0
43.8
45.9
41.0
39.8
42.5
4.7
41.2
40.2
43.1
44.2
44.2
42.5
43.3
41.9
44.1
46.1
41.2
39.9
42.7
4.8
41.7
40.2
43.3
44.2
43.9
42.6
43.4
42.1
44.0
46.2
41.4
40.1
42.2
4.9
40.6
39.0
42.3
44.2
44.3
42.3
43.1
41.7
44.0
46.3
41.0
38.9
43.0
5.0
41.3
40.6
43.6
44.6
44.7
42.8
43.9
42.4
44.5
46.5
41.7
40.1
43.0
5.2
41.4
40.3
43.4
44.9
45.1
43.0
43.9
42.6
44.6
46.1
41.6
40.4
42.9
5.0
41.4
40.3
43.7
44.8
45.1
42.8
43.8
42.3
44.3
45.8
41.9
40.2
42.8
5.0
41.3
40.8
43.6
44.3
44.4
42.6
43.8
42.2
44.0
45.2
41.6
40.2
42.6
4.9
41.1
40.5
43.5
44.4
44.8
42.6
43.6
42.2
43.3
44.1
42.1
40.3
42.8
5.0
41.3
40.4
43.5
44.6
44.9
42.8
43.4
42.2
44.4
45.9
41.8
39.9
42.8
4.9
41.0
40.7
43.6
44.8
45.0
42.9
43.5
41.9
44.1
45.8
41.7
39.9
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
40.5
4.0
40.6
40.6
4.0
40.9
40.6
4.0
40.7
40.6
4.0
40.7
40.6
4.1
40.7
40.1
4.1
40.8
41.0
4.3
41.2
41.1
4.3
41.2
41.0
4.2
41.1
41.0
4.3
41.1
4.3
40.9
4.2
41.3
41.7
41.4
41.0
4.3
41.5
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
41.8
41.8
41.5
37.1
43.7
36.9
43.7
41.8
41.9
38.3
38.3
43.2
37.8
44.0
38.8
43.3
37.6
44.3
43.1
37.8
44.0
38.8
43.4
41.5
37.6
44.1
38.4
43.0
42.2
37.6
44.1
38.4
43.3
41.6
37.1
43.7
40.4
35.8
43.2
38.0
42.8
38.6
43.5
38.5
43.2
Total private
Mining
ji
Overtime hours
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, Insurance, and real estate
Services
1
ft
41.5
37.0
43.8
38.3
42.9
ft
41.5
36.9
43.8
38.4
43.2
ft
41.8
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
41.7
42.0
42.0
41.9
41.6
42.6
38.7
38.7
38.5
38.5
38.6
37.7
38.6
39.7
39.8
39.7
39.7
40.1
39.7
39.8
37.9
38.2
38.2
38.1
38.5
38.1
38.3
28.6
28.9
28.8
28.8
29.0
28.6
28.9
ft
ft
ft
ft
32.5
ft
ft
32.4
ft
0
32.3
32.4
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular
62
32.4
ft
42.0
38.0
44.0
38.8
43.2
ft
42.4
39.0
40.2
38.4
29.0
ft
32.5
ft
41.4
37.6
43.8
38.7
43.0
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
42.2
42.2
42.2
42.1
38.4
38.3
37.9
38.3
39.9
39.9
39.8
38.2
38.4
38.3
38.1
28.9
29.0
29.0
29.0
28.9
ft
ft
ft
ft
40.0
38.5
42.2
38.7
40.1
ft
32.5
32.8
32.4
32.5
32.3
32.2
components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are
subject to revision.
32.8
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1982=100)
1993
1994
Industry
Aug.p
Sept.1
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Total private
124.4
125.3
125.8
125.9
127.1
125.6
127.3
128.2
129.1
128.8
129.3
128.9
129.8
Goods-producing
103.8
104.3
104.9
105.1
105.3
103.9
106.7
107.3
107.4
107.5
107.6
107.8
108.0
54.2
55.2
53.8
55.1
54.6
54.3
54.5
54.9
54.2
55.1
55.7
55.2
55.3
Construction
125.2
126.3
128.8
128.8
128.5
124.5
131.0
132.7
134.8
134.0
135.2
134.5
136.0
Manufacturing
102.5
102.9
103.3
103.3
103.7
102.8
104.9
105.4
105.1
105.3
105.2
105.6
105.6
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
100.2
125.7
120.7
102.7
85.1
71.5
102.9
100.6
127.2
121.9
103.2
85.7
101.2
128.7
123.5
104.4
101.6
128.7
122.6
104.2
104.0
131.3
123.5
107.3
88.5
70.8
107.8
92.1
100.8
111.3
138.6
92.8
101.4
111.2
139.7
75.6
100.1
93.1
101.4
111.9
142.9
75.0
100.0
86.8
71.7
104.8
93.7
101.6
112.9
145.2
103.3
130.4
124.8
106.5
88.1
71.1
103.4
101.4
128.2
119.2
102.8
87.3
103.8
131.6
124.2
107.8
88.5
70.8
107.6
96.9
103.8
114.6
147.9
75.4
101.0
104.0
131.7
126.0
107.8
88.3
70.5
107.9
97.5
104.3
114.5
147.7
74.3
101.4
103.7
131.3
125.7
107.8
88.9
71.6
108.0
97.2
104.2
111.9
143.7
75.1
102.8
104.6
132.1
124.8
107.8
89.3
71.3
109.2
97.4
105.3
115.8
152.0
74.3
101.8
104.5
131.2
125.4
107.8
86.6
71.6
104.4
102.3
131.6
122.9
105.2
87.0
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
105.7
111.9
57.1
98.6
88.8
110.6
123.7
100.4
81.6
132.2
105.9
106.0
107.0
106.9
112.5
107.1
113.5
58.7
107.2
113.1
57.4
114.0
58.9
98.3
88.4
107.0
114.0
57.1
83.7
132.0
88.8
111.1
125.7
101.6
80.1
138.6
114.7
55.7
9o.3
88.0
111.9
125.3
101.9
80.5
139.2
80.1
138.8
110.2
125.5
100.9
84.9
139.9
55.3
Mining
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1
75.7
100.4
75.0
100.6
105.8
112.3
56.8
94.4
101.8
113.8
149.4
75.2
100.8
105.7
112.0
71.6
105.1
94.2
101.2
113.7
149.4
74.5
97.4
104.7
71.6
106.7
96.1
103.2
114.8
150.3
75.6
100.8
96.9
104.6
115.3
149.5
107.4
113.6
62.0
99.8
89.3
111.1
101.3
82.1
138.3
113.2
60.3
99.2
88.9
111.1
125.1
101.6
78.7
138.4
75.2
101.9
90.3
71.5
109.5
97.8
104.8
114.8
151.6
74.0
101.4
86.6
84.0
110.4
109.1
122.6
134.1
123.5
101.5
81.8
134.7
134.7
107.1
114.1
58.3
100.6
88.4
111.2
124.1
101.4
80.4
138.3
55.0
55.0
55.2
53.9
54.6
55.7
53.7
53.5
52.4
53.5
52.9
134.8
135.2
135.2
136.9
135.3
136.6
137.6
138.8
138.4
139.0
138.4
139.5
117.5
118.3
117.9
117.6
118.9
117.9
118.6
118.4
119.8
119.6
119.6
119.3
120.4
111.7
112.7
112.8
112.6
114.0
113.1
113.9
114.5
114.8
114.9
114.6
114.5
114.9
122.8
124.1
123.7
124.1
125.1
123.6
125.4
126.4
126.6
127.3
128.0
127.7
127.9
120.8
121.4
121.8
121.3
124.3
121.7
121.5
122.0
123.6
121.8
122.4
120.5
121.2
156.6
157.6
158.9
158.9
161.2
159.3
160.8
162.5
164.6
163.5
164.6
163.8
165.9
98.5
88.1
110.4
123.8
59.6
99.2
99.0
88.2
110.2
123.8
101.4
87.4
110.2
123.2
101.6
80.9
79.9
133.7
55.3
133.7
101.3
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.
71.3
105.6
57.1
98.6
112.7
54.2
96.2
100.6
79.7
125.5
99.4
111.4
125.3
100.4
97.5
88.5
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1990 forward are
subject to revision.
63
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ALL-EMPLOYEE HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major Industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Percent change
Industry
Sept. 1993
to
Sept. 1994p
July 1994
to
Aug. 1994r
July
1994r
Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Aug.
1994r
Sept.
1994P
210,178
210,089
211,634
3.3
172,723
172,441
173,290
3.8
-.2
1,415
10,001
39,155
22,508
16,647
12,161
12,055
30,742
12,655
54,539
1,399
39,256
22,644
16,612
12,172
12,028
30,672
12,519
54,427
1,411
10,085
39,251
22,647
16,604
12,267
12,079
30,732
12,549
54,916
1.7
8.2
1.7
2.5
.6
2.9
2.8
4.3
.4
5.5
-1.1
-.3
.3
.6
-.2
.1
-.2
-.2
-1.1
-.2
37,455
37,648
38,344
1.1
1
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted, multiplied
by 52.
p
= preliminary.
r
-revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,
64
Aug. 1994
to
Sept. 1994p
0.7
.9
1.2
.0
.0
.0
.8
.4
.2
.2
.9
1.8
nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2414,
chapter 10, "Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors".
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202—606-5606).
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-11. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, seasonally adjusted
1993
1994
Industry
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.p
Sept.1
Average hourly earnings
Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime2
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Total private (in constant dollars)3
$10.88 $10.92 $10.94 $10.96 $11.02 $11.03 $11.02 $11.05 $11.09 $11.08 $11.11 $11.13 $11.16
14.55
14.41
11.82
11.25
13.63
11.79
7.30
11.44
10.82
14.62
14.43
11.84
11.25
13.66
11.84
7.35
11.56
10.87
14.51
14.46
11.87
11.28
13.70
11.80
7.35
11.58
10.88
14.68
14.41
11.93
11.32
13.73
11.82
7.37
11.61
10.89
14.88
14.43
11.95
11.34
13.80
11.92
7.41
11.73
10.97
14.81
14.54
12.01
11.40
13.82
11.88
7.42
11.67
10.96
14.77
14.47
12.00
11.37
13.79
11.88
7.43
11.69
10.95
14.87
14.52
12.00
11.33
13.77
11.95
7.45
11.77
10.99
14.83
14.60
12.00
11.37
13.80
11.98
7.47
11.83
11.04
14.73
14.67
12.03
11.40
13.78
11.99
7.47
11.74
11.03
14.80
14.75
12.05
11.42
13.84
12.02
7.48
11.80
11.06
14.84
14.73
12.07
11.43
13.88
12.01
7.50
11.80
11.08
7.40
7.39
7.39
7.40
7.43
7.42
7.39
7.40
7.42
7.39
7.38
7.36
14.87
14.81
12.11
11.45
13.87
12.04
7.52
11.87
11.11
0
Average weekly earnings
Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1982) dollars 3 .
374.27 376.74 378.52 378.12 383.50 378.33 381.29 383.44 385.93 383.37 384.41 383.99 386.14
254.43 255.07 255.76 255.14 258.60 254.60 255.73 256.83 258.15 255.58 255.25 253.96
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time
and one-half.
3
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W) is used
4
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment
1993 benchmark levels.
all seasonally adjusted
revision.
to deflate these series.
survey estimates are currently projected from March
When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
data from January 1990 forward are subject to
65
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Production workers1
All employees
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
110,493 111,398 113,457 113,656 114,619
Total
92,847 92,778 95,456 95,800 95,769 75,686 75,622 78,024 78,348 78,276
Total private
613
Mining
613
611
612
608
434
435
436
439
51.6
11.0
15.4
52.1
11.6
15.4
51.3
37.6
4.8
40.9
8.5
41.8
9.2
42.3
9.6
12.4
12.4
12.8
12.7
Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores
10
101
102
46.9
6.1
15.1
50.6
10.3
15.0
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining
12
122
99.2
91.5
98.7
91.0
115.0
107.6
114.9
107.6
113.4
78.8
72.5
77.8
71.4
92.9
86.9
93.1
87.1
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services
13
131
359.5
169.3
185.0
339.5
163.6
171.1
339.8
163.3
171.7
338.2
238.1
85.0
236.7
82.9
138
361.4
171.9
184.5
149.4
149.9
221.4
80.9
137.7
222.8
81.7
138.3
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals
14
142
144
147
105.0
39.7
34.7
12.6
104.2
39.4
34.3
12.6
105.3
40.6
34.1
13.0
105.4
40.4
34.2
13.1
104.6
79.8
31.2
79.5
31.1
80.1
31.8
80.3
31.7
4,990
4,941
5,252
5,290
5,251
3,898
3,858
4,119
4,153
437
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
15
152
153
154
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
16
161
162
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
24
241
242
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
784.2
270.1
514.1
792.6
275.8
516.8
792.4
278.0
514.4
796.0
826.4
394.1
879.8
430.3
12.5
424.7
12.3
420.0
13.5
436.0
430.9
13.3
446.6
657.8
231.7
426.1
664.6
230.1
434.5
672.0
233.9
438.1
673.3
236.1
437.2
890.8
3,039.1 3,001.8 3,236.0 3,260.4 3,235.6 2,399.6 2,367.0 2,567.0 2,589.3
659.1
651.1 695.5 697.4
486.4 479.4
515.0 516.1
182.5
178.5
154.2
150.5
165.0
171.1
197.0 203.3
543.3
537.4 580.4 588.2
424.3 418.5 455.9 463.2
440.1 435.5 487.9 490.5
380.3 375.6 422.8 424.9
202.9 201.5 237.1 240.1
153.9
152.6
183.0
185.3
222.8 222.2 233.9 238.2
181.6
180.7
190.0
193.8
12,397 12,397 12,577 12,609
10,136 10,174 10,218 10,300 10,345
Durable goods
66
778.4
271.8
506.6
840.3
403.1
18,071 18,088 18,028 18,210 18,236 12,353
Manufacturing
See footnotes at end of table.
1,172.0 1,155.0 1,223.6 1,236.7 1,219.0
585.1 573.9 619.7 621.7
28.3
28.5
31.0
31.0
558.4 552.8
572.9 584.0
4,116
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
6,782
6,837
6,928
7,007
7,051
745.5
79.9
185.8
748.6
592.4
69.4
616.8
65.7
148.0
35.6
273.4
157.8
126.0
30.1
205.8
81.8
55.1
20.4
25.8
38.6
52.9
42.3
67.9
161.1
128.3
31.0
620.1
65.7
161.1
128.3
31.1
220.8
87.5
61.0
21.3
26.0
40.2
60.7
48.5
71.6
616.7
148.3
35.4
592.1
68.7
158.4
126.6
30.1
205.7
81.9
55.0
20.5
25.8
38.8
52.6
42.0
67.9
382.1
227.2
103.7
75.5
385.9
229.8
104.1
75.8
393.7
394.6
14.6
22.2
16.4
22.4
716.8
83.5
182.7
146.1
34.6
255.2
104.4
69.2
23.9
28.4
45.6
717.4
84.1
182.2
145.5
34.6
255.6
104.8
69.1
23.8
28.5
45.6
66.8
50.4
83.0
66.9
50.7
485.1
273.2
121.3
487.8
275.6
90.6
18.6
29.1
83.0
121.4
90.9
20.3
29.4
271.9
110.9
75.5
24.0
29.0
47.3
74.2
56.8
86.4
490.8
274.4
119.7
91.0
20.9
30.2
744.8
79.6
185.7
111.2
75.9
24.6
29.1
47.2
75.3
57.5
87.4
497.6
277.7
122.5
91.8
20.0
30.5
499.2
219.2
87.3
60.4
20.7
25.9
40.4
59.8
47.7
70.6
387.0
228.5
101.8
76.5
17.0
23.1
231.8
104.7
77.2
16.0
23.4
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures—Continued
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
1987
SIC
Hnrie
Production workers1
Alemployees
l
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994 P
Sept.
1994 P
252
253
254
259
61.2
37.7
77.5
35.5
61.4
37.8
77.4
35.6
63.1
37.5
79.8
36.0
63.5
39.2
81.0
36.2
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool
32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296
526.8
14.5
77.2
35.5
41.7
59.6
18.2
32.9
39.1
197.6
17.0
64.4
99.2
74.1
19.4
29
.
22.3
527.7
14.6
77.9
35.3
42.6
60.5
17.8
32.5
39.6
196.9
16.9
64.3
98.8
74.2
19.4
29
.
22.3
539.2
14.4
74.8
32.5
42.3
59.0
18.3
33.0
40.4
209.9
18.3
67.9
106.4
76.1
19.8
29
.
22.7
543.7
14.8
74.6
31.8
42.8
61.8
18.2
33.2
40.8
210.2
18.2
68.4
106.2
76.5
20.1
28
.
23.2
541.2
_
_
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365
676.5
238.1
173.8
25.7
118.0
75.1
54
.
24.1
41.6
23.6
160.2
21.6
24.1
68.1
77.3
21.9
678.7
237.8
173.4
25.6
119.3
76.2
52
.
24.5
41.2
23.4
161.2
21.8
24.1
68.5
77.8
22.2
681.9
234.9
170.1
25.8
121.9
75.2
58
.
26.1
39.6
22.3
161.9
22.2
22.8
70.3
81.5
23.1
687.0
233.0
169.0
25.2
124.5
77.8
58
.
26.1
40.0
22.4
163.8
22.2
22.7
72.0
83.5
24.2
692.6
233.2
-
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
-
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
-
1,328.6 1,337.1 1,356.8 1,375.6 1,384.8
42.0
41.4
_
41.5
41.2
34.0
33.5
_
33.6
33.4
122.7 123.6
126.9
127.9
_
_
41.9
42.7
42.2
43.6
69.0
69.7
72.2
_
72.1
_
56.7
56.1
58.6
59.7
23.7
24.7
_
23.8
24.7
19.4
19.7
20.6
21.4
_
396.6 398.4 407.2 409.0
67.7
68.3
_
67.9
68.8
76.7
72.7
72.6
76.9
96.4
94.2
_
97.3
94.9
98.1
98.6 103.0
103.0
_
25.5
26.6
25.6
26.5
_
90.9
91.4
94.3
95.4
_
45.3
46.1
48.1
48.6
_
45.6
46.2
45.3
46.8
216.7 220.5 218.1
228.2
28.1
28.7
29.0
29.4
_
_
98.4 100.8
96.4 103.1
81.7
79.1
80.0
84.7
-
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994 P
Sept.
1994 P
44.3
30.0
57.0
23.6
45.2
30.0
57.0
23.9
46.0
29.4
58.7
24.4
46.4
31.2
59.9
24.4
407.5
11.1
64.8
31.8
33.0
45.2
14.0
25.4
30.6
151.1
11.0
48.3
78.4
55.4
14.5
23
.
-
408.7
11.2
65.5
31.6
33.9
45.9
13.7
25.2
31.1
150.6
10.8
48.2
78.2
55.5
14.4
23
.
-
418.0
11.1
61.7
29.0
32.7
44.2
14.1
25.7
32.4
161.5
11.9
51.0
84.8
57.9
15.4
24
.
-
421.0
11.5
61.7
28.5
33.2
46.4
14.0
25.8
32.6
161.3
11.8
51.2
84.6
57.9
15.7
23
.
-
420.1
_
_
_
_
515.0
181.5
133.6
18.7
93.8
60.2
42
.
19.0
31.5
18.4
116.6
16.5
15.8
49.9
61.8
17.4
517.7
181.4
133.5
18.6
95.4
61.4
42
.
19.4
31.2
18.3
117.3
16.5
16.0
50.1
62.5
17.9
522.9
178.5
130.0
19.2
98.5
61.4
44
.
21.0
29.8
17.4
119.8
17.0
16.0
51.6
65.6
18.6
528.6
177.6
129.7
18.7
100.5
63.4
44
.
20.9
30.2
17.4
122.1
17.1
16.0
53.4
67.6
19.7
534.7
177.7
_
981.1
36.3
29.8
91.2
31.5
51.7
40.1
17.6
12.8
282.6
48.1
53.4
65.4
74.0
17.9
69.8
36.9
32.9
172.2
21.3
83.0
59.9
991.5 1,010.0 1,028.4 1,038.1
_
35.9
35.3
35.1
_
29.4
29.0
28.9
92.3
95.3
96.3
_
32.0
32.7
33.6
_
52.4
54.4
54.4
41.0
42.3
43.4
17.8
18.6
18.5
13.1
13.7
_
14.5
_
285.3 294.7 296.6
48.4
49.6
49.9
_
53.4
57.0
57.4
66.5
65.7
66.4
74.5
78.2
78.4
18.2
18.8
18.8
_
70.1
73.2
74.0
_
37.4
38.9
39.3
_
32.7
34.7
34.3
_
176.2 172.4 182.2
_
21.9
22.3
22.6
85.3
80.0
86.5
61.1
62.2
65.1
-
-
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
See footnotes at end of table.
67
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products
1987
SIC
Code
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
36
361
See footnotes at end of table.
68
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571
3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
Production workers1
All employees
Aug.
1993
115.9
72.6
43.3
57.3
34.2
230.4
24.6
54.0
Sept.
1993
116.6
72.9
43.7
57.5
34.0
230.9
24.5
54.1
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
118.9
73.4
45.5
54.0
31.0
120.3
74.5
45.8
53.4
30.6
237.4
24.3
55.1
Sept.
1994P
240.5
24.7
55.6
Aug.
1993
90.2
56.4
33.8
31.9
16.6
166.8
18.3
41.0
Sept.
1993
90.9
56.8
34.1
32.3
16.6
167.5
18.2
41.2
July
1994
93.0
57.1
35.9
29.7
14.1
174.1
17.9
42.2
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
94.2
58.0
36.2
29.6
14.1
177.0
18.3
42.7
1,902.0 1,910.1 1,936.6 1,941.8 1,950.5 1,147.2 1,159.6 1,199.1 1,206.1 1,216.7
86.4
87.4
55.3
86.8
86.4
54.6
55.0
53.6
27.8
28.2
16.3
27.9
28.4
16.3
16.5
16.1
58.6
59.2
39.0
58.9
58.0
38.3
38.5
37.5
94.7
96.9
74.7
70.1
72.8
67.7
101.8
100.5
72.1
72.9
55.1
51.5
52.6
50.5
76.6
74.5
128.7
209.1 210.0 205.3 205.6
129.0
127.1
130.0
48.0
77.7
78.1
47.0
47.0
72.3
47.6
71.7
8.6
14.7
14.7
8.5
8.6
14.9
8.8
14.6
25.3
38.2
38.7
24.5
24.8
36.7
24.4
37.1
20.1
35.7
35.7
20.9
20.0
37.6
21.1
37.8
17.3
26.2
26.4
18.7
17.3
28.3
18.8
28.1
305.6 307.0 316.2 318.0
213.5 215.2 222.6 224.1
36.4
23.1
23.2
36.4
37.5
22.1
37.8
21.8
15.4
10.1
10.0
15.3
15.9
9.5
15.9
9.6
143.0
112.4
148.1
109.5
143.8
108.7
148.8
113.1
48.2
34.9
50.0
33.4
48.4
33.1
50.3
35.3
23.7
15.9
23.7
16.0
23.8
16.0
24.0
16.0
87.7
84.4
148.3
151.8
84.2
88.0
148.5
152.8
9.8
10.4
15.6
15.0
10.4
9.8
15.5
15.0
10.7
10.6
20.8
20.4
10.7
10.6
20.7
20.5
14.5
13.4
22.6
23.5
13.4
14.4
22.7
23.5
234.6 235.3 238.8 240.0
151.7
148.5
152.6
147.9
30.5
16.4
16.7
16.8
30.3
29.8
30.3
16.8
36.7
28.8
29.0
28.9
36.8
36.4
36.5
28.9
23.8
14.7
12.8
14.5
24.8
26.7
26.2
12.2
32.6
22.4
22.1
22.6
32.7
33.2
33.5
22.0
15.7
10.5
10.9
10.5
15.6
15.2
15.3
11.0
19.0
13.0
12.6
13.4
18.9
19.5
20.0
12.6
353.8 350.1
115.3 118.9 117.0
116.3
341.5 336.7
208.7 205.3
56.4
53.8
53.2
55.3
197.0 193.2
52.4
173.9
117.3
295.6
20.3
232.8
52.9
178.0
120.7
296.9
20.5
233.9
53.0
188.2
128.5
306.2
21.8
240.8
52.2
195.8
134.9
306.0
21.0
241.2
1,514.8 1,518.3 1,544.9 1,560.6 1,567.5
80.7
80.0
80.5
79.8
40.8
40.4
39.9
39.3
39.9
39.6
40.6
40.5
152.7
154.4
159.8
159.0
74.2
76.4
79.4
78.8
59.7
59.3
60.7
60.5
118.2
119.9
122.9
123.9
28.7
29.1
30.4
32.7
16.1
16.0
18.0
17.9
28.6
29.7
29.0
27.6
22.0
125.5
21.7
120.8
85.1
216.1
16.4
175.2
89.1
217.3
16.6
176.2
963.0
55.7
28.8
26.9
106.1
56.9
35.8
94.3
24.8
12.6
22.6
55.0
28.5
26.5
107.6
58.7
35.4
96.4
25.3
12.5
23.6
20.2
133.0
95.0
226.2
19.9
140.6
101.5
226.0
18.1
182.3
17.4
182.6
989.4 1,004.9 1,011.3
56.4
57.0
29.1
29.6
27.3
27.4
112.8
111.5
62.2
61.3
36.2
35.9
100.4
101.3
26.9
29.1
15.2
15.2
22.9
21.5
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
1987
SIC
Code
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
Production workers1
All employees
Aug.
1993
170.4
21.4
60.9
18.9
18.8
82.9
60.0
235.0
108.0
523.1
24.4
214.2
125.4
151.8
25.8
65.9
Sept.
1993
171.8
21.7
61.3
19.1
18.8
83.8
60.3
235.0
108.0
521.8
24.2
214.3
125.4
151.6
26.1
65.9
July
1994
175.2
21.2
63.0
19.4
18.7
86.1
61.0
234.3
106.8
536.4
24.8
224.5
126.9
150.2
24.9
66.2
Aug.
1994P
178.9
22.4
63.8
19.7
19.8
87.5
61.7
235.4
107.3
540.7
24.8
225.9
127.4
154.9
26.2
69.0
Sept.
1994P
_
_
_
_
_
-
Aug.
1993
122.6
16.8
40.5
13.6
14.0
54.6
38.0
119.2
59.0
304.5
16.3
89.9
81.5
106.0
19.9
50.9
Sept.
1993
124.9
17.2
40.9
14.0
14.3
55.5
38.4
119.4
59.1
304.7
16.2
90.4
81.9
106.4
20.2
51.0
July
1994
124.9
15.7
42.1
14.4
13.7
57.4
38.8
118.7
57.9
315.1
16.4
97.6
82.9
104.1
19.0
50.5
Aug.
1994P
128.5
16.8
42.7
14.8
14.7
58.9
39.5
120.3
58.6
317.2
16.4
97.7
83.4
109.8
20.5
53.6
Sept.
1994P
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
-
1,721.9 1,734.8 1,698.2 1,713.0 1,731.6 1,092.0 1 107.3 1,103.4 1,115.6 1,128.6
823.1 837.8 864.3 880.4 899.1 628.4 641.5 665.2 678.9 689.6
_
_
222.0 229.7 232.8 236.6
312.2 321.9 324.8 331.1
_
37.1
26.3
30.7
35.9
38.2
29.8
28.5
35.5
_
339.1 344.6 361.8 371.7
426.4 431.8 451.8 462.0
_
_
30.4
31.3
24.7
24.5
30.2
30.5
25.6
24.2
_
527.8 528.5 472.7 469.8 468.7 242.6 244.9 216.4 214.7
_
_
297.3 295.0 267.2 265.7
106.1
105.0
119.9 119.2
_
_
93.9
92.9
52.9
45.9
45.4
104.9
107.8
50.9
_
_
111.2
72.8
64.4
125.6
125.7
111.6
64.3
71.8
_
_
156.2
159.5
157.1
121.0
123.0
120.4
121.4
155.2
_
_
109.1
105.0
83.3
110.5
107.5
79.2
76.5
83.9
45.7
52.1
37.7
46.1
52.0
43.8
43.9
37.5
_
32.1
22.2
23.9
22.1
30.0
29.9
32.2
23.9
_
_
106.4
33.7
29.7
119.8
106.3
30.1
33.8
121.1
_
22.4
87.2
75.2
75.1
18.9
22.4
86.0
19.1
_
_
49.3
31.0
32.8
46.2
46.1
47.0
35.0
30.8
21.4
15.4
17.7
18.9
21.4
17.7
15.3
19.0
-
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387
887.5
201.5
279.4
42.6
59.1
71.6
269.2
111.7
95.6
39.0
89.9
8.5
882.8
200.1
277.6
41.6
59.2
70.9
268.4
111.3
95.2
38.8
89.4
8.5
849.3
177.0
276.0
43.0
58.5
69.2
265.2
109.8
94.5
37.8
85.0
8.3
851.2
178.0
276.0
43.4
58.4
69.4
264.6
108.9
94.7
37.5
86.5
8.6
849.1
_
_
_
_
_
-
433.0
63.4
143.2
28.0
28.0
34.1
154.9
66.4
60.9
26.4
38.3
6.8
430.9
63.2
141.8
27.2
28.0
33.6
154.6
66.4
60.4
26.4
38.3
6.6
415.0
53.5
140.8
28.1
27.7
32.1
152.5
66.0
59.6
24.7
36.8
6.7
416.3
53.8
140.8
28.4
27.5
32.3
152.4
65.7
59.6
24.4
37.9
7.0
415.2
_
_
_
_
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties
39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
375.7
50.7
37.4
13.2
107.6
43.4
64.2
33.4
30.0
18.7
140.8
57.2
379.7
51.2
38.0
13.0
110.0
44.4
65.6
33.1
30.2
18.9
142.2
58.0
374.9
49.2
37.0
13.3
109.0
41.0
68.0
31.8
28.2
17.2
143.4
59.2
380.7
50.5
37.9
13.5
110.5
42.9
67.6
31.7
29.9
18.9
144.6
59.0
383.4
_
_
_
268.9
35.9
26.4
10.7
76.5
30.3
46.2
22.6
22.3
13.5
100.9
39.2
272.7
36.6
27.1
10.5
78.9
30.9
48.0
22.3
22.6
13.8
101.8
39.7
266.2
33.9
25.5
10.7
77.2
27.0
50.2
21.5
20.5
12.2
102.4
40.0
272.0
35.2
26.2
11.1
78.8
28.7
50.1
21.3
21.8
13.5
103.8
39.9
274.5
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
See footnotes at end of table.
69
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC
wOUo
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
,
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
,
Cane sugar refining
,
Beet sugar
,
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209
Production workers1
All employees
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
7,935 7,914
5,560 5,469 5,570 5,558
5,571
7,891
7,910
7,810
1,763.4 1,750.2 1,704.7 1,751.3 1,739.3 1,308.7 1,297.5 1,253.8 1,304.2 1,293.2
444.4 445.8 445.6 447.2
378.6 379.8 378.4 380.2
_
_
113.2
112.7
115.4
116.2
133.8
136.5
137.9
133.3
70.0
69.7
90.0
89.8
69.1
69.1
91.1
90.8
_
197.0
196.0
194.5
217.9 218.1 221.5 222.3
194.1
_
99.3
99.4
97.4
99.7
154.6
156.6
154.1
154.8
_
_
34.0
33.5
33.0
33.2
41.3
41.2
40.9
40.9
_
_
36.5
68.4
36.5
36.8
37.0
68.5
70.1
70.2
_
_
273.8 262.4 237.2 275.3
316.3 302.6 280.3 317.6
_
20.2
26.0
22.7
18.8
22.1
21.1
24.0
25.1
123.2
96.3
111.2
120.5
135.7
124.7
111.8
138.2
_
53.4
52.2
58.4
57.0
53.3
47.0
50.9
59.5
89.0
92.2
123.3
128.5
129.8
124.2
88.0
93.1
_
13.2
13.2
14.4
14.0
19.5
20.6
20.9
19.5
_
_
25.8
26.5
41.6
41.8
41.2
25.8
26.8
41.2
_
_
210.4 211.1
138.9
137.6
137.6
136.8
211.2 212.3
90.7
90.0
150.8
91.1
90.2
150.0
150.1
150.2
61.0
101.9
5.8
5.0
8.5
53.8
31.7
181.5
40.2
96.9
191.3
61.5
107.8
6.1
4.9
11.6
55.2
31.7
181.4
39.3
95.8
184.7
60.3
94.0
5.1
4.6
8.3
49.4
31.2
180.4
37.8
98.9
183.8
61.1
100.3
6.5
4.6
8.5
53.7
31.3
180.1
38.1
98.6
185.8
_
_
_
_
_
-
46.8
78.8
4.6
3.6
7.3
42.8
21.0
83.2
24.7
36.9
144.6
47.4
85.2
4.9
3.6
10.4
44.3
21.1
83.3
24.1
36.3
137.6
46.9
71.5
3.8
3.3
6.9
38.6
20.8
85.7
25.1
39.1
135.2
47.8
77.8
5.1
3.3
7.2
42.8
20.8
85.6
25.3
39.0
137.3
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
Tobacco products
Cigarettes
21
211
42.1
29.2
43.9
28.7
35.4
26.8
40.2
26.6
40.7
-
31.3
21.9
33.4
21.6
26.5
20.9
31.2
20.9
32.1
-
Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
675.7
83.5
70.1
17.3
21.9
203.6
28.0
39.3
60.8
26.4
27.1
71.2
32.5
24.5
59.8
96.8
75.9
14.1
51.5
677.7
84.9
70.0
17.2
22.0
203.1
27.4
39.3
60.4
26.3
27.7
71.7
32.6
24.5
60.3
96.7
75.8
14.0
51.8
667.7
83.1
69.2
17.6
22.0
194.4
24.9
39.8
57.0
23.1
27.4
70.2
32.4
23.3
64.0
95.0
73.8
14.1
52.2
674.9
83.7
69.8
17.5
22.7
196.3
24.8
39.9
57.1
24.6
27.8
72.9
33.4
24.6
64.1
95.2
73.4
14.5
52.7
673.3
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
574.4
73.8
59.0
14.7
18.4
175.9
24.5
35.3
52.7
22.8
22.9
58.3
27.0
19.5
47.9
86.7
68.4
12.3
39.7
576.9
75.3
59.2
14.6
18.5
175.6
24.1
35.3
52.3
22.8
23.3
58.8
27.2
19.5
48.4
86.4
68.3
12.1
40.1
566.0
73.2
58.6
15.0
18.4
167.4
21.7
35.5
48.9
20.2
23.0
57.5
26.9
18.5
51.0
84.5
66.4
12.1
40.4
572.6
73.9
59.0
14.8
19.1
169.5
21.6
35.4
49.2
21.7
23.6
59.8
27.6
19.7
50.8
84.8
66.2
12.5
40.9
571.7
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
983.1
41.4
274.9
65.4
82.1
42.3
299.4
31.5
51.5
37.5
178.9
983.5
42.4
273.2
64.3
81.7
42.3
298.7
31.2
50.9
37.4
179.2
935.5
38.4
258.7
59.1
78.0
40.3
276.3
28.6
44.5
30.0
173.2
960.8
40.0
263.5
60.5
78.7
41.1
286.7
29.9
46.8
32.4
177.6
965.9
_
_
_
_
_
823.3
34.3
237.2
56.3
71.8
37.0
249.8
25.7
41.2
31.4
151.5
824.7
35.4
236.4
55.6
71.7
37.0
248.8
25.2
40.5
31.2
151.9
779.5
31.7
222.9
50.5
67.5
35.1
228.5
23.0
35.1
24.1
146.3
803.5
33.1
227.4
51.7
68.4
36.0
237.8
24.0
37.0
26.5
150.3
808.2
_
See footnotes at end of table.
70
-
_
-
_
_
_
_
-
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
1987
SIC
Porie
Production workers1
All employees
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
44.0
35.8
8.2
41.3
17.3
34.5
164.7
17.0
42.8
40.8
44.5
36.1
8.4
41.0
17.2
34.2
167.0
17.1
43.5
41.9
43.7
35.1
8.6
38.1
16.0
31.2
165.6
16.9
42.3
42.4
44.6
35.9
8.7
38.4
15.8
32.8
171.6
17.3
43.8
44.5
523.2
130.8
39.4
166.6
92.8
15.0
39.7
176.4
22.7
28.1
18.2
521.1
129.7
39.3
166.9
93.6
14.6
39.4
174.9
22.2
28.1
18.4
521.7
129.5
38.7
166.4
95.1
14.9
38.7
177.1
22.6
28.6
17.9
522.5
129.1
38.4
167.5
95.7
14.3
39.4
177.6
22.5
29.1
18.1
518.9
_
_
_
_
1,512.6 1,510.9 1,528.4 1,532.3 1,530.5
452.8 451.9 453.2 454.4
130.6
127.8
129.9
127.6
_
117.7
123.0
124.6
119.2
_
84.7
82.1
81.1
86.0
_
38.3
36.6
38.6
37.1
79.2
78.7
79.7
79.5
_
535.1 536.1 545.6 548.4
_
349.4 355.0 356.4
348.3
_
166.6
171.6
170.6
166.8
44.7
46.3
46.3
44.6
_
68.3
68.6
70.1
69.5
56.2
56.1
54.9
54.5
-
835.5
157.9
43.6
64.1
33.9
30.2
37.9
388.3
251.3
120.7
32.8
52.2
40.9
833.4
157.7
43.8
61.8
32.3
29.5
37.7
388.3
251.8
120.1
32.9
52.2
41.1
837.4
155.4
42.2
66.7
35.7
31.0
37.7
394.5
254.9
123.4
31.7
53.7
39.4
840.0
156.3
43.0
65.3
34.1
31.2
37.4
396.2
255.8
123.8
31.6
54.1
39.8
836.8
_
1,084.5 1,078.4 1,058.4 1,056.5 1,051.4
130.7
135.2
134.2
130.9
_
86.5
84.0
84.2
87.3
_
166.4
165.9
158.9
159.3
80.5
81.0
79.9
80.0
_
57.1
51.7
57.1
52.0
_
266.8 266.0 265.5 265.1
218.4 217.9 217.0 216.4
154.7
154.7
158.4
158.2
_
44.7
44.6
42.5
42.3
_
43.4
44.8
44.9
43.6
_
67.5
70.2
67.4
70.1
_
58.8
59.0
58.0
58.9
149.2
144.2
143.5
151.3
_
25.9
26.0
25.8
26.2
120.4
115.7
115.0
122.3
_
55.7
55.2
55.6
55.9
89.6
91.3
89.2
91.5
-
576.1
58.4
39.3
105.8
50.7
35.9
117.4
97.5
98.4
27.3
25.5
45.6
31.2
79.5
15.0
62.5
31.9
53.5
574.5
58.0
38.9
106.5
50.5
36.7
117.3
97.7
98.5
26.9
25.3
46.3
30.7
79.2
14.9
62.3
31.6
52.7
574.9
55.8
36.4
105.7
51.2
36.6
122.0
102.1
96.4
24.6
26.7
45.1
31.0
79.4
14.8
62.6
31.8
52.8
575.1
55.9
36.5
105.9
50.9
36.9
121.6
102.1
96.6
24.6
26.7
45.3
31.0
79.4
14.9
62.5
31.5
53.2
575.1
_
_
_
_
148.8
_
-
101.0
72.3
22.2
100.1
71.5
22.2
98.7
70.1
22.1
98.6
70.0
22.1
96.6
_
-
942.2
_
-
702.7
59.9
8.7
45.1
18.2
77.9
511.1
703.4
59.3
8.4
45.5
18.5
78.1
512.1
722.9
57.6
9.0
48.8
19.7
79.9
527.6
730.2
53.9
9.7
49.0
19.9
80.9
536.7
734.7
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396
53.5
41.8
11.7
48.7
20.4
42.3
201.9
21.3
50.3
50.5
53.8
42.0
11.8
48.5
20.2
41.9
204.0
21.4
51.0
51.7
52.6
40.6
12.0
45.1
19.0
38.8
204.2
21.2
50.0
52.8
53.6
41.4
12.2
45.2
18.6
40.3
210.1
22.1
51.5
54.5
Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes
26
262
263
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677
692.5
171.5
51.4
212.6
122.7
17.0
49.0
243.8
46.5
37.6
23.6
690.5
170.3
51.2
213.1
123.6
16.7
48.7
242.5
46.1
37.5
23.7
688.1
168.8
50.1
212.9
126.1
16.8
47.6
243.3
46.5
38.1
23.2
687.5
167.6
49.9
213.6
126.2
16.2
48.4
243.5
46.6
38.4
23.3
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products
28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials
29
291
295
153.8
112.7
28.6
152.6
111.4
28.7
150.8
109.3
29.0
150.8
109.6
28.8
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee
30
301
302
305
3052
306
308
908.0
81.5
10.6
60.3
23.6
102.8
652.8
908.2
80.9
10.1
60.5
23.8
103.1
653.6
930.8
79.4
10.8
63.8
25.1
104.1
672.7
939.6
76.3
11.6
64.0
25.3
105.3
682.4
_
_
_
683.6
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
-
See footnotes at end of table.
71
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC
HnHft
vAJUO
Nondurable goods—Continued
Leather arid leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
40
4011
118.4
15.6
63.7
31.5
21.6
10.6
12.4
110.6
14.0
58.0
28.8
18.6
10.2
12.3
115.6
14.8
61.1
29.0
20.2
10.6
12.6
115.1
_
_
-
95.0
12.8
52.6
24.4
18.8
7.7
8.9
94.7
12.9
52.5
24.4
18.7
7.7
8.9
87.6
11.6
47.5
22.6
15.5
7.7
8.4
92.1
12.3
50.1
22.5
17.1
8.1
8.7
90.9
-
5,833
5,853
5,853
5,932
4,835
4,885
4,899
4,894
4,955
3,636
3,666
3,662
3,755
-
-
-
-
-
249.2
217.0
251.7
219.2
248.3
215.7
246.7
214.3
251.5
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
298.2
161.8
_
20.4
-
_
_
-
1,713.2 1,718.4 1,787.9 1,792.9 1,801.6 1,485.3 1,490.4 1,554.4 1,558.7
_
1,378.0 1,380.0 1,441.8 1,444.6
1,584.1 1,586.2 1,653.8 1,657.3
110.0
106.7
131.0
108.6
103.5
124.8
128.0
129.6
_
_
-
285.7
155.2
_
19.5
-
351.1
156.6
_
20.4
-
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air...
Public warehousing and storage
42
421
422
Water transportation
Water transportation of freight, nee
Water transportation services
44
444
449
170.2
12.7
107.9
168.9
12.8
108.1
177.5
11.7
117.2
170.2
11.9
110.3
169.9
_
-
95.5
_
95.7
Transportation by air
Air transportation, scheduled
Air transportation, scheduled
Airports, flying fields, and services
45
451
4512
458
741.1
609.9
501.8
99.4
739.3
608.5
499.6
99.3
735.7
605.1
487.3
98.4
734.6
605.7
486.8
96.8
730.8
_
-
_
_
_
-
_
_
-
Pipelines, except natural gas
46
18.5
18.2
17.8
17.8
17.2
14.4
Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement
47
472
4724
473
356.4
185.3
150.2
136.7
356.2
185.8
150.9
136.2
369.3
195.5
159.0
140.7
370.0
194.9
158.3
141.1
371.7
_
_
-
2,215
2,197
2,187
2,191
2,177
Communications and public utilities
Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting stations
Television broadcasting stations
Cable and other pay television services
48
481
4813
483
4832
4833
484
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
49
491
492
493
495
383.2
172.1
29.4
22.9
129.5
329.7
177.8
29.9
22.6
71.9
411.8
_
_
-
1,260.7 1,254.6 1,258.9 1,265.3 1,261.0
871.4 865.8 861.7 866.7
809.1 802.9 788.6 792.6
230.0 229.1 232.5 234.0
_
113.1
113.7
112.8
113.1
116.3
120.9
116.3
119.4
135.0
135.5
140.6
140.0
-
298.2
161.2
_
20.2
-
-
_
98.1
_
_
-
_
_
-
_
-
_
-
14.1
13.9
13.8
-
279.3
144.9
116.6
105.9
279.6
146.1
117.6
105.1
291.9
156.3
126.1
108.7
293.2
156.1
125.9
109.3
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
980.2
659.3
613.3
192.6
_
113.9
973.2
653.2
606.7
191.5
_
114.4
968.0
642.4
587.4
194.8
118.1
971.7
644.9
590.2
195.9
_
118.4
_
_
_
105.1
-
50
501
5012
5013
502
5021
5023
954.0
432.0
163.1
191.2
136.6
942.0
426.0
160.7
189.2
135.5
928.4
419.5
161.2
182.5
133.9
925.9
418.3
161.1
181.9
133.6
916.1
-
755.0
340.0
127.6
145.3
117.5
742.5
333.5
125.1
143.3
116.6
733.8
327.4
125.4
140.8
115.5
731.5
327.0
124.9
140.2
115.0
_
_
-
5,984
Wholesale trade
316.5
170.7
29.1
22.1
66.8
330.0
178.3
30.0
23.0
71.4
41
411
412
413
415
72
Sept.
1994P
119.1
15.5
64.0
31.4
21.8
10.6
12.6
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity and rural bus transportation
School buses
See footnotes at end of table.
Aug.
1994P
3,565
Transportation
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Motor vehicle supplies and new parts
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
July
1994
5,780
31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317
Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation
Class I railroads2
Production workers1
All employees
5,976
6,095
6,103
6,097
4,832
4,824
4,926
4,933
4,922
3,419
456.1
112.9
272.0
138.2
63.4
74.8
3,410
455.4
112.7
272.1
139.6
64.0
75.6
3,482
472.9
118.0
282.4
148.1
68.2
79.9
3,482
473.7
118.5
282.1
148.8
68.1
80.7
3,473
_
-
2,734
368.4
110.2
-
2,725
367.9
111.4
_
2,790
384.2
_
117.4
2,789
385.2
_
_
-
-
117.9
_
-
-
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Lumber and other construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Professional and commercial equipment
Office equipment
Computers, peripherals and software
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, television and radio sets
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Construction and mining machinery
Farm and garden machinery
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Stationery and office supplies
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wine and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
Farm supplies
1987
SIC
Code
Production workers1
All employees
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
503
5031
5039
504
5044
5045
5047
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5082
5083
5084
5085
509
5093
222.2
115.8
35.2
744.9
183.8
267.6
159.2
132.6
445.0
193.6
48.8
202.6
268.7
93.3
107.7
721.9
72.8
113.1
289.7
136.8
289.3
106.9
221.4
115.5
35.3
742.8
183.6
265.7
159.6
132.9
443.0
193.9
48.3
200.8
268.1
93.1
107.6
715.6
72.6
110.9
288.9
135.9
291.5
107.2
235.5
123.7
38.2
736.1
185.2
248.5
168.1
137.2
447.2
196.6
47.3
203.3
278.3
96.6
111.1
722.1
74.2
114.9
290.0
136.4
304.9
113.2
237.0
124.0
38.4
734.0
184.8
246.0
168.6
137.4
448.0
198.1
47.4
202.5
278.5
96.3
111.6
719.8
74.2
113.6
288.7
136.5
305.0
113.4
51
511
5112
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
515
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191
2,565
246.8
135.6
198.9
206.9
856.0
276.5
59.7
98.3
113.2
140.3
165.7
67.7
98.0
151.4
99.1
52.3
486.1
157.9
2,566
246.4
135.0
198.4
206.4
860.5
276.2
59.8
103.8
114.7
139.9
165.8
67.9
97.9
150.1
98.1
52.0
484.1
155.9
2,613
259.0
142.8
199.3
202.9
879.7
282.5
61.6
98.0
110.4
136.4
172.3
70.6
101.7
155.3
102.7
52.6
497.2
164.1
2,621
262.5
145.6
199.3
206.7
881.7
283.3
61.8
98.3
112.5
135.5
172.8
70.7
102.1
154.7
102.3
52.4
495.4
159.9
Sept.
1994P
Retail trade
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
181.4
193.9
195.0
603.6
600.7
589.4
587.2
131.0
105.7
346.7
131.0
106.2
345.0
137.3
110.7
349.8
138.0
110.5
350.0
215.4
214.9
225.3
225.6
569.8
563.6
572.9
570.7
232.4
234.6
246.5
246.7
2,098
200.3
2,099
199.6
2,136
212.5
2,144
215.3
164.8
162.6
722.3
165.1
162.9
726.0
163.3
159.3
737.8
163.2
162.9
739.7
92.6
105.9
132.9
93.9
105.3
132.9
89.5
103.1
139.8
91.5
102.7
140.1
123.8
122.6
126.7
126.3
392.7
2,624
180.7
390.6
403.6
Sept.
1994P
402.2
19,954 19,899 20,529 20,601 20,550 17,596 17,526 18,059 18,129 18,067
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
52
521
523
525
526
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores
53
531
533
539
2,416.5 2,437.1 2,408.3 2,440.5 2,464.9 2,254.9 2,276.5 2,246.5 2,276.0
2,079.6 2,101.3 2,087.5 2,118.6
1,956.3 1,977.9 1,962.9 1,991.8
151.2
151.4
134.8
134.8
119.5
119.3
136.2
135.8
184.6 186.0
185.5
187.1
164.9
164.1
162.8 162.4
Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat and fish markets
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries
54
541
542
545
546
3,227.8 3,214.7 3,266.0 3,265.8 3,246.0 2,943.3 2,929.5 2,972.0 2,971.4
2,881.8 2,867.2 2,892.6 2,889.1
2,643.0 2,628.4 2,650.1 2,646.5
47.4
47.8
53.0
51.5
16.8
17.6
19.3
18.9
177.1
166.7
164.6
176.3
156.7
155.8
147.3 148.9
Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
55
551
2,058.7 2,055.9 2,176.8 2,190.0 2,188.7 1,716.0 1,711.7 1,815.8 1,827.1
922.8 927.5 983.6 987.4
770.2 773.6 820.5 824.7
805.5
472.7
66.0
156.3
82.5
795.8
467.7
65.9
154.1
80.1
873.6
519.8
68.9
160.7
91.2
867.7
517.1
69.4
161.0
86.7
856.8
668.5
399.3
51.5
128.5
67.1
658.5
394.2
51.5
126.6
64.3
730.8
443.4
53.4
132.7
74.8
724.4
440.2
54.7
132.7
70.3
See footnotes at end of table.
73
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Retail trade—Continued
Automotive dealers and service stations—Continued
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee
1987
SIC
Code
553
554
559
Production workers1
All employees
Aug.
1993
350.3
626.4
6.5
Sept.
1993
350.2
620.9
6.4
July
1994
371.4
636.7
5.4
Aug.
1994"
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
278.0
540.4
5.5
277.7
535.1
5.4
297.7
549.4
4.6
300.1
553.2
4.5
947.2
68.3
290.7
274.2
171.5
929.5
68.7
287.7
265.2
167.3
929.6
66.9
281.6
274.8
165.4
936.5
67.6
279.7
280.0
166.8
669.1
364.7
673.2
367.5
719.1
399.5
725.4
402.4
60.2
244.2
104.6
53.1
375.3
641.1
5.3
59.5
246.2
105.7
53.6
58.2
261.4
115.2
52.4
Sept.
1994P
58.8
264.2
117.5
52.8
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores
57
571
5712
572
573
5731
5735
Eating and drinking places
58
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods
Nonstore retailers
Catalog and mail-order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Florists, tobacco stores, and newsstands
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee
2,424.7 2,429.9 2,474.7 2,482.8 2,498.4 2,010.1 2,011.6 2,046.8 2,057.5
59
588.0
586.5 588.3
589.0
591
491.0 489.0 490.3 490.8
114.2
113.1
115.9
114.9
592
593
87.3
92.2
91.9
72.5
87.2
72.4
76.6
76.2
594
707.8
854.9 857.9 881.4 891.9
710.5 729.5 740.5
5941
164.1
179.3
182.2
163.9
107.7
102.4
99.0
5942
98.4
70.5
72.7
72.7
70.6
5943
129.7
134.4
134.3
131.8
5944
194.4 203.8 203.3
201.5
5947
59.9
5949
62.9
56.0
58.1
231.8 232.9 220.3
274.1
596
276.9 263.5 266.7
224.8
155.0
5961
157.2
141.9
145.5
70.1
5962
71.1
71.6
72.1
598
78.8
95.7
78.4
96.5
94.6
79.2
95.9
79.5
599
335.6 335.7 357.9 352.5
411.7 412.3 437.7 431.9
138.3
136.2
131.7
5992,3,4
133.2
61.4
48.3
5995
62.4
62.0
49.7
61.6
48.3
50.1
175.9
187.8
190.7
174.9
218.6 217.5 237.0 233.7
5999
Finance, insurance, and real estate3
1,152.0 1,136.2 1,140.1 1,145.6 1,130.7
85.1
85.1
83.7
83.5
357.7 356.3 349.6 347.4
309.5 323.6 328.8
318.1
218.3 214.7 210.3 211.3
824.1
449.6
269.6
74.0
300.5
127.4
65.9
830.2
453.6
272.5
73.3
303.3
129.1
66.4
888.9
491.9
295.8
72.0
325.0
139.9
68.7
897.2
495.8
298.4
72.3
329.1
142.7
69.5
904.0
7,300.3 7,311.7 7,260.3 6,386.8 6,335.5 6,598.3 6,610.7
7,044.3
6,797
6,884
6,875
6,803
3,243
Finance
6,747
3,227
3,286
3,277
4,957
3,248
4,906
5,031
5,026
2,091.1 2,070.4 2,058.3 2,055.0 2,034.6 1,516.1 1,495.3 1,487.6 1,484.3
1,080.9 1,065.8 1,072.3 1,072.0
1,512.0 1,497.3 1,503.9 1,504.3
446.7 440.4 453.3 454.2
621.5 615.8 629.8 630.6
634.2 625.4 619.0 617.8
890.5 881.5 874.1 873.7
305.3 277.3 273.0
310.1
162.7
146.0
148.0
165.6
142.6
127.0
129.3
144.5
144.0
148.4
148.0
144.6
115.2
117.6
117.9
114.6
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee
Savings institutions
Federal savings institutions
Savings institutions, except federal
Credit unions
60
602
6022
6021,9
603
6035
6036
606
Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers
61
614
615
616
451.9
127.7
81.2
224.6
455.8
126.9
81.2
229.3
480.6
134.0
79.5
247.2
476.0
134.9
79.5
241.5
471.1
Security and commodity brokers
Security brokers and dealers
Commodity contracts brokers, dealers, and
exchanges
Security and commodity services
62
621
474.8
362.6
475.0
363.1
512.0
392.0
511.1
391.4
507.9
23.3
88.9
23.2
88.7
27.0
93.0
27.1
92.6
Holding and other investment offices
Holding offices
67
671
225.3
104.4
225.3
103.8
234.7
104.1
235.3
104.5
See footnotes at end of table.
74
622,3
628
343.7
93.4
354.7
97.9
351.0
98.5
58.0
234.6
341.8
94.7
57.7
61.7
61.0
4,961
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Insurance
Insurance earners
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
Title insurance
Insurance agents, brokers, and service
Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdivides and developers
1987
SIC
Code
63,64
63
631
632
6324
633
636
Production workers1
All employees
Aug.
1993
2,191
Sept.
1993
2,182
July
1994
2,192
Aug.
1994P
2,184
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
2,171
1,525.2 1,520.3 1,524.2 1,516.8 1,507.2 1,056.8 1,053.2 1,078.5 1,075.5
357.3 354.5 358.6 358.2
563.5 559.0 548.1 544.7
228.5 228.0 233.3 233.0
280.4 280.5 287.4 287.3
187.0
182.7
183.0
186.8
219.3 219.5 225.4 225.4
356.8 354.6 363.9 363.4
543.3
540.5 540.2 538.6
84.4
86.9
78.7
80.8
64
665.6
661.8
667.5
667.0
663.5
65
651
653
655
1,363
581.7
630.6
116.5
1,338
573.1
617.8
112.7
1,406
593.2
656.3
121.3
1,414
597.9
661.3
120.5
1,384
30,658 30,681 32,204 32,256 32,292 26,781 26,791 28,157 28,197 28,209
Services
611.3
154.0
411.3
593.9
474.1
125.6
311.4
462.2
123.2
303.2
523.8
128.7
356.8
518.0
128.4
352.0
07
074
078
Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels and motels
70
701
1,707.4 1,647.7 1,745.9 1,738.9 1,661.3
1,440.2 1,408.0 1,463.9 1,457.7
1,626.1 1,595.6 1,654.2 1,647.3
Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
Miscellaneous personal services
72
721
722
723
1,095.8 1,105.9 1,095.1 1,097.2 1,110.5
426.2 426.0 434.2 433.7
77.5
74.0
81.0
75.6
Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Prepackaged software
Computer integrated systems design
Data processing and preparation
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
Photofinishing laboratories
73
731
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
726
729
7311
732
733
7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359
736
7361
7363
737
7371
7372
7373
7374
7375
7378
738
7381
7382
7384
75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
563.4
150.2
368.1
617.2
154.1
416.6
Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services
382.7
87.2
106.6
551.5
147.4
360.3
384.3
87.2
108.3
380.8
89.4
97.2
378.3
377.8
384.4
384.2
381.2
341.6
343.2
340.3
340.1
89.8
97.2
89.2
90.6
80.0
80.1
5,909.0 5,955.6 6,520.9 6,618.2 6,680.0 5,253.6 5,292.9 5,813.9 5,905.9
168.5
168.0
177.0
178.0
230.0 229.5 241.8 243.4
162.5 163.3
155.6
155.2
115.7
218.6
32.5
114.7
254.4
58.1
836.3
78.9
757.4
219.1
33.0
39.6
39.2
251.4
57.4
835.4
79.3
756.1
115.4
280.6
63.5
884.7
83.3
801.4
242.9
37.4
43.4
115.1
283.2
47.6
51.8
64.1
52.6
47.1
890.1
750.8 750.5 795.4 800.7
82.7
62.5
65.6
66.1
62.8
807.4
688.0 688.0 729.3 735.1
175.2
195.6 196.2
175.9
244.3
25.6
25.7
37.8
29.8
29.6
33.7
44.2
33.1
37.1
37.5
162.3
116.4
116.6
128.9
128.9
2,461.1 2,496.6
330.9
1,702.6 1,724.2 2,005.4 2,071.3
2,130.2
739.8 741.2 801.6 809.5
999.9
158.5
173.6
158.0
176.5
209.8
162.1
146.5
146.9
2,021.9 2,052.4 2,384.9
267.8 275.7 322.0
1,754.1 1,776.7 2,062.9
911.6 914.4 989.4
189.9 191.7 206.8
147.7 147.6 155.1 155.4
122.0
123.4
112.6
112.2
213.0 213.5 230.7 232.7
57.2
57.8
49.3
49.4
42.6
42.9
41.1
41.1
1,324.4 1,334.8 1,381.2 1,381.1
486.6 492.4 507.0 508.8
41.1
42.5
41.0
42.3
70.8
72.5
70.9
75.6
960.9
175.2
108.1
60.3
547.4
187.2
231.7
176.1
109.3
62.7
548.8
189.4
231.4
1,054.5 1,064.8 1,070.8
199.3
197.5
124.8
123.3
62.0
61.9
595.9 603.8
204.7 207.9
254.2
251.3
83.9
83.2
92.1
93.0
38.6
38.2
43.6
43.7
34.2
34.3
35.6
35.7
1,162.6 1,171.5 1,211.6 1,210.8
454.1 460.1 473.5 474.9
35.0
35.2
36.3
36.5
791.7
795.0
141.7
141.8
88.3
55.7
444.8
87.5
53.5
444.4
153.9
188.8
154.9
188.7
871.1
161.8
102.4
55.0
484.1
169.1
204.0
879.4
163.5
103.8
55.3
490.5
172.1
206.3
See footnotes at end of table.
75
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking—Continued
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes
1987
SIC
Code
Production workers1
All employees
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
754
7542
178.0
100.9
179.3
102.7
199.2
114.6
199.7
113.4
Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops
76
762
367.5
111.9
366.9
111.4
386.4
118.7
387.2
119.3
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters
Video tape rental
78
781
783
784
426.8
155.7
119.8
136.0
413.0
155.8
108.3
133.4
488.2
200.9
125.8
145.4
507.1
217.5
125.8
147.6
Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs
79
793
799
7991
7997
1,449.0 1,331.2 1,474.6 1,460.8 1,337.6 1,278.9 1,172.0 1,306.4 1,292.0
75.7
89.4
74.6
66.5
79.7
71.7
62.9
65.7
1,086.2 956.7 1,110.6 1,101.2
967.5 850.3 994.1 983.3
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners
Offices and clinics of chiropractors and optometrists...
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Home health care services
80
801
802
804
8041,2
805
8051
8052
8,823.5 8,828.7 9,079.1
1,526.2 1,524.2 1,571.3
564.7 565.4
592.0
360.7 363.7 390.4
157.6 156.4 167.6
1,589.4 1,594.8 1,643.7
1,137.5 1,140.8 1,177.9
223.6 224.1
230.6
228.3
229.9 235.2
3,798.5 3,787.3 3,806.0
3,497.4 3,486.7 3,506.6
Legal services
81
Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Vocational schools
82
821
822
824
1,447.5 1,665.0 1,516.4 1,489.5 1,699.2
447.2 488.5 467.2 458.5
793.1 973.4 835.9 821.6
72.0
73.6
74.8
76.6
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee
83
832
833
835
2,092.7 2,104.8 2,253.8 2,257.7 2,302.8 1,814.1 1,821.7 1,957.4 1,960.8
571.7 560.8
496.2 485.4
515.8 515.6
593.1
593.4
300.9 277.6 338.1 328.2
255.2 231.6 289.6 280.4
445.6 495.9 494.6 502.3
390.4 436.7 434.0 441.1
580.8
508.5
577.8 626.2 630.0
505.1
545.4 548.4
193.7
163.8
192.7 201.8 203.8
162.9
172.6 175.3
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens
84
Membership organizations
Business associations
Professional organizations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations
86
861
862
863
864
2,067.8 2,018.8 2,119.5 2,089.0 2,049.2
109.8
109.3
108.2
108.4
52.7
53.1
54.4
54.4
134.4
135.1
131.2
129.8
469.1 423.2 513.3 481.0
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping
87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
2,551.4 2,543.9 2,633.3 2,629.9 2,621.5 1,951.2 1,940.4 2,029.0 2,024.5
772.5 767.9 804.8 808.5
635.9 631.0 664.4 667.4
606.6 605.3 626.9 629.7
503.9 502.3 522.2 524.6
114.4
112.8 122.4 123.0
89.1
87.3
95.5
96.0
51.5
49.8
55.5
55.8
42.9
41.4
46.8
46.7
499.1
502.9 518.3 515.0
360.5 361.5 377.7 374.5
See footnotes at end of table.
76
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808
836
839
127.3
366.1
128.1
323.5
128.2
385.4
152.1
88.2
152.7
89.8
170.2
100.6
170.1
99.4
384.8
298.9
298.5
312.3
313.7
495.0
355.7
126.5
341.2
125.5
407.3
165.4
423.5
179.9
111.3
108.9
119.3
121.3
128.5
381.2
113.4
325.5
114.9
284.2
115.1
115.1
343.9
339.5
9,093.1 9,089.0 7,827.4 7,825.2 8,036.5 8,045.8
1,246.2 1,243.6 1,282.8 1,286.2
1,579.3
595.7
493.8
297.6
392.9
169.0
1,647.3
1,180.5
231.1
235.7
494.6
299.3
516.8
321.6
519.8
323.1
1,435.0 1,439.0 1,481.4 1,484.3
201.0
201.7
206.6
207.3
95.2
205.9
94.9
205.7
192.8
470.0
193.4
478.1
3,797.6 3,788.5 3,480.8 3,468.3 3,478.5 3,473.2
3,499.6
93.4
94.4
205.0 204.6
204.4 205.2
436.0 442.9 496.0 498.0
537.1
539.8
938.4
927.9
957.8
81.7
78.7
86.6
950.4
85.8
939.1
756.4
744.7
769.8
763.5
82.3
37.3
37.4
38.8
38.6
Sept.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Services—Continued
Engineering and management services—Continued
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services
1987
SIC
Code
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
873
8731
8732
, 8733
874
8741
8742
8743
580.8
243.8
105.2
148.2
699.0
264.2
230.2
31.9
573.5
241.6
105.5
143.9
699.6
264.2
230.3
31.0
588.7
241.0
114.2
150.7
721.5
264.7
237.5
33.3
40.8
40.8
40.9
41.1
Sept.
1994P
585.7
239.5
114.0
149.2
720.7
266.2
239.6
33.6
89
Services, nee
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
439.7
173.7
83.5
115.3
515.1
189.9
165.8
22.7
41.0
433.4
172.3
83.6
111.6
514.5
189.0
165.8
21.8
451.8
176.9
91.1
117.2
535.1
188.7
178.4
23.1
448.7
175.3
90.6
115.9
533.9
190.5
180.3
23.3
32.3
32.3
32.7
Sept.
1994P
32.7
17,646 18,620 18,001 17,856 18,850
Government
4
2,923
Federal Government
4
Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial
Federal Government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Ship building and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals
2,901
2,882
2,875
2,860
2,856.4 2,835.0 2,818.0
833.8
865.0 855.3
785.9 786.6 813.6
1,205.5 1,193.1 1,170.6
36.8
38.7
38.2
27.6
27.7
27.8
3731
86.1
49.3
85.2
48.8
76.4
42.4
75.3
41.3
806
30.9
395.9
233.7
30.4
394.8
232.8
29.0
383.9
229.1
28.8
383.8
228.6
State government
Hospitals
806
Education
82
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions
State government, except education
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
806
Hospitals
82
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions
Local government, except education
4,241 4,454 4,330 4,325 4,535
413.7 413.2 406.4 404.4
1,543.8 1,784.7 1,581.2 1,589.9 1,831.7
1,779.8 1,763.0 1,833.8 1,822.6
2,696.8 2,669.2 2,748.8 2,735.5 2,703.5
10,482 11,265 10,789 10,656 11,455
454.5 450.7 458.0 454.8
683.7 682.3 692.8 692.3
5,190.9 6,186.9 5,364.1 5,305.1 6,308.7
3,737.3 3,561.3 3,816.9 3,795.6
5,290.6 5,077.6 5,424.9 5,350.6 5,146.2
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to
civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and
Production workers1
All employees
the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, alt unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are subject to
revision.
77
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-13. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major Industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
June
1993
July
1993
May
1994
June
1994
July
1994
53,647
52,760
54,903
55,065
54,124
43,441
43,374
44,253
44,688
44,638
6,554
6,501
6,495
6,569
6,522
89
90
86
87
87
526
531
540
552
557
5,939
5,880
5,869
5,930
5,878
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
2,710
115
148
104
92
295
420
643
355
367
172
2,673
114
144
103
91
289
415
636
350
363
169
2,704
119
152
103
95
299
422
648
348
351
168
2,729
122
153
104
96
303
427
654
350
351
169
2,694
122
151
103
95
298
420
646
341
348
169
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
3,229
535
13
325
772
170
671
342
25
310
65
3,207
556
13
320
745
171
669
341
24
305
63
3,165
521
11
318
736
164
680
332
24
316
64
3,201
537
11
319
739
168
682
336
25
321
65
3,184
560
11
316
712
167
682
335
25
315
62
47,093
46,259
48,408
48,496
47,602
1,705
1,680
1,712
1,717
1,694
1,821
1,820
1,846
1,858
1,857
10,505
10,471
10,614
10,777
10,787
4,273
4,290
4,287
4,325
4,329
18,583
18,612
19,299
19,442
19,449
10,206
1,219
2,167
6,820
9,386
1,217
2,120
6,049
10,650
1,198
2,313
7,139
10,377
1,203
2,190
6,984
9,486
1,202
2,154
6,130
Industry
Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
wnoiBsaie i
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Federal
State
Local
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
78
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are subject to
revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Total
(Construction
Mining
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
1,708.8
416.7
162.5
195.4
143.5
68.7
1,726.7
426.0
155.8
201.0
145.1
69.1
1,724.9
424.4
158.5
199.2
145.2
69.6
10.8
3.0
()
(1)
(1)
2.6
10.3
3.0
()
(1)
(1)
2.6
10.2
2.9
()
(1)
(1)
2.6
81.1
21.2
6.2
14.5
7.1
4.1
81.9
22.5
6.0
14.1
7.1
4.2
82.0
22.3
6.0
14.1
7.1
4.2
270.1
121.2
275.2
123.8
275.0
124.0
10.8
3.3
10.3
3.1
10.3
3.1
15.0
8.0
15.5
8.2
16.0
8.3
1,548.0
1,041.8
265.6
1,604:4
1,082.2
276.1
1,613.1
1,087.2
278.8
12.2
4.5
2.1
12.3
4.5
2.1
12.3
4.5
2.1
92.6
63.1
16.3
104.8
71.8
18.9
106.0
72.8
18.9
991.3
115.3
86.5
270.1
34.2
1,015.8
121.5
88.9
276.7
34.4
1,025.3
122.3
88.6
277.7
34.6
3.6
39.6
4.6
3.1
12.1
1.0
42.4
5.0
3.3
12.8
1.1
42.9
5.0
3.3
12.9
1.0
11,937.5
167.8
255.4
3,679.4
127.7
859.6
1,113.9
720.3
551.5
109.7
937.9
902.9
789.7
140.2
141.1
160.5
142.6
221.9
11,923.3
169.0
257.6
3,651.9
126.6
854.0
1,111.3
732.7
561.0
108.0
924.5
902.0
782.4
140.5
142.8
160.8
140.7
225.3
11,909.4
168.4
258.2
3,641.2
130.1
853.1
1,108.5
729.7
559.0
108.6
923.4
898.7
783.5
140.6
144.1
161.6
140.5
221.2
466.3
8.4
13.8
98.9
6.4
40.7
45.2
40.3
28.5
3.5
40.2
26.8
28.5
5.2
8.6
6.4
9.5
10.0
470.7
8.5
13.5
99.8
6.1
41.9
45.1
40.1
28.7
3.7
40.1
27.2
28.3
5.3
8.8
6.3
9.4
10.2
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
1,675.9
132.6
909.7
1,719.2
136.4
925.4
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
1,513.3
175.0
83.2
573.6
235.5
184.9
80.6
Delaware
Wilmington-Newark
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
Aug.
1994P
July
1994
Aug.
1993
1
1
.9
O
(1)
1.0
1.0
0
(1)
0)
(1)
(1)
(1)
Aug.
1993
1
3.6
3.7
(1)
Aug.
1994?
32.1
10.3
.6
6.9
32.3
10.3
.6
7.0
July
1994
Aug.
1994?
3.3
.9
1.3
.5
.3
.5
.7
.2
1.0
.7
.1
.4
2.2
3.0
.9
1.3
.5
.3
.5
.6
.2
1.0
.7
.1
.5
2.1
3.1
.9
1.4
.5
.3
.5
.6
.2
1.0
.6
.1
.5
2.1
466.3
9.3
13.3
100.9
6.8
41.6
45.4
40.6
27.7
3.7
40.9
27.0
27.4
5.2
8.0
6.4
9.3
9.6
1,723.9
135.3
927.3
16.0
(1)
8.5
15.3
(1)
8.1
15.4
(1)
8.0
91.3
5.5
49.9
91.4
5.7
46.1
91.8
5.8
46.0
1,528.8
171.7
83.6
587.3
231.1
185.2
79.4
1,519.6
173.1
83.5
582.3
228.6
182.8
80.2
1.0
ft
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
()
ft
51.7
5.4
3.0
20.4
8.7
5.0
2.8
51.3
5.3
3.2
23.2
9.2
5.1
3.0
51.6
5.4
3.2
23.0
9.2
5.0
3.1
350.5
269.2
359.3
271.3
361.1
272.4
.1
.2
.1
.2
.1
.2
19.2
14.9
20.0
15.0
19.8
14.8
District of Columbia
Washington PMSA
664.5
2,296.8
677.1
2,340.0
657.1
2,308.9
.1
.8
.1
.9
.1
.9
8.7
106.9
8.8
109.5
8.7
110.4
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater....
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
5,492.8
134.1
534.9
126.5
98.3
438.8
145.6
163.5
889.3
648.0
135.0
204.6
130.5
883.0
355.5
5,685.1
138.4
555.5
133.8
100.9
448.3
153.2
167.3
915.4
679.0
137.4
210.8
133.7
909.9
362.9
5,680.6
137.6
554.4
133.0
100.4
447.4
153.2
168.3
915.4
680.6
137.4
210.9
132.8
911.7
362.2
6.5
289.6
7.5
31.7
10.8
3.5
23.4
7.1
8.0
38.7
33.3
8.8
9.6
5.3
41.2
21.2
304.0
7.3
31.8
11.9
3.6
24.7
7.4
8.3
40.4
36.8
9.8
9.6
5.4
41.2
21.3
306.3
7.3
32.2
11.8
3.7
24.7
7.4
8.4
40.4
36.8
9.8
9.4
5.3
41.4
21.5
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
34.9
11.4
.6
7.5
ft
ft
1.0
1.0
CNI
ft
ft
ft
2.6
ft
6.3
ft
ft
ft
ft
.2
2.7
ft
ft
ft
.4
.4
2.8
.4
.5
.5
ft
.2
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
.4
ft
ft
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
()
ft
ft
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
()
ft
6.1
ft
ft
ft
See footnotes at end of table.
79
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
I)ublic utilitiesi
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
386.0
51.2
38.0
28.3
17.7
10.4
380.5
51.9
34.5
28.0
17.7
11.0
386.7
51.8
38.1
27.9
17.8
10.9
85.7
30.1
3.2
11.4
6.0
2.3
85.3
29.6
3.3
11.0
6.1
2.2
85.2
29.4
3.3
10.8
6.0
2.2
377.6
102.2
30.4
49.8
32.4
15.3
385.3
103.9
30.9
53.0
33.1
15.4
386.3
104.2
31.0
52.6
33.2
15.6
23.3
2.3
25.5
2.3
22.7
2.4
24.8
13.2
25.1
13.3
25.1
13.3
52.3
26.7
54.5
28.5
54.9
28.6
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
174.4
133.8
24.2
182.3
138.2
27.6
183.7
139.3
28.0
77.6
54.5
11.3
79.1
55.8
11.4
79.3
56.0
11.4
380.3
253.3
62.8
394.0
264.5
65.1
395.3
265.1
65.8
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
244.8
32.2
26.0
33.3
7.3
253.8
33.8
28.0
34.5
7.5
255.2
34.0
27.6
34.0
7.5
57.4
8.0
5.1
17.2
2.1
57.7
8.3
5.4
17.8
2.0
58.3
8.3
5.4
17.8
2.0
223.4
30.0
17.9
63.8
7.2
228.1
32.7
17.6
65.6
7.1
230.7
32.6
17.6
66.3
7.2
1,821.7
10.3
31.9
657.3
30.4
102.7
209.5
85.6
37.3
9.6
115.6
74.7
233.1
18.3
20.5
28.7
14.7
31.0
1,765.5
10.3
31.8
631.8
27.4
99.8
205.8
85.5
37.3
9.9
109.2
74.6
226.3
17.8
20.3
28.5
14.2
29.5
1,777.2
10.3
32.9
632.5
31.6
100.1
206.5
85.9
37.1
9.7
109.0
74.4
228.5
17.8
20.8
29.3
14.6
29.2
602.8
8.2
13.1
197.7
5.7
56.0
37.4
36.6
24.3
5.2
35.6
76.2
22.9
4.8
5.8
10.4
5.9
9.9
597.8
8.3
12.9
195.6
5.8
53.2
38.6
37.1
24.3
5.2
35.7
74.0
22.7
4.6
5.7
11.0
6.1
10.4
595.6
8.3
13.1
195.0
5.6
53.2
38.9
37.3
24.3
5.2
35.6
73.5
22.3
4.5
5.8
11.1
5.9
10.2
2,780.1
41.0
62.5
816.9
30.8
203.1
274.4
191.7
125.6
28.8
221.5
188.8
155.0
34.1
36.1
38.3
35.9
53.1
2,762.0
40.6
62.5
803.5
31.7
202.7
270.9
194.1
127.3
28.4
214.9
187.6
152.6
34.8
36.4
38.0
35.2
54.2
2,763.4
40.3
62.1
802.5
31.6
202.4
270.1
193.6
127.2
28.8
215.4
187.8
152.4
34.8
36.3
38.5
35.5
54.2
189.6
29.8
90.5
191.5
30.5
89.6
191.6
30.3
89.8
105.0
3.5
74.5
104.7
3.5
72.6
105.1
3.5
73.0
409.0
28.4
221.4
429.5
29.5
230.9
431.5
29.6
231.2
287.5
43.5
20.8
93.5
41.4
29.7
17.0
280.4
41.3
20.3
93.2
40.1
28.2
16.7
280.2
42.1
20.6
93.1
39.3
28.0
17.4
67.9
7.2
2.7
23.0
16.2
8.3
3.4
67.5
6.9
2.7
23.9
15.8
8.6
3.4
67.0
6.9
2.7
23.6
15.8
8.4
3.4
327.7
38.1
21.1
118.0
49.0
42.8
15.8
326.5
36.7
20.9
121.8
47.6
41.8
15.8
326.0
36.9
20.7
121.4
47.2
41.6
15.9
Delaware
Wilmington-Newark
65.5
50.0
60.9
45.1
64.1
48.3
14.2
12.6
14.7
12.8
14.7
12.8
78.4
54.3
81.6
55.6
81.4
55.3
District of Columbia
Washington PMSA
13.9
91.7
14.0
95.4
14.1
94.7
21.5
105.0
21.4
105.5
21.4
105.4
52.4
435.0
52.5
440.1
52.3
437.8
482.0
12.6
40.7
5.6
5.3
35.0
18.7
28.5
81.5
51.7
11.3
17.7
4.6
87.1
30.4
480.4
13.4
40.3
5.6
5.3
34.4
19.7
28.9
81.5
52.1
11.3
18.8
4.6
88.0
28.6
481.2
13.4
40.7
5.6
5.4
34.6
19.8
29.0
81.7
52.1
11.3
18.7
4.6
88.0
29.7
284.9
3.8
25.6
5.7
1.9
32.1
7.6
4.9
72.6
37.4
6.0
5.2
3.2
41.5
14.2
285.9
3.7
26.5
5.9
1.9
32.5
7.9
4.7
73.4
37.8
5.9
5.2
3.1
42.4
13.6
286.2
3.7
26.5
5.9
1.9
32.5
8.0
4.7
73.5
37.9
5.9
5.1
3.1
42.8
13.7
1,435.1
39.0
152.6
34.8
20.4
114.3
41.2
36.9
233.7
161.0
33.5
48.5
28.5
226.0
94.2
1,472.6
39.3
157.8
37.3
20.8
115.3
42.8
38.7
237.5
165.4
34.8
49.7
29.5
229.0
96.4
1,476.1
39.3
158.4
37.0
21.1
115.8
43.0
39.1
237.7
166.8
34.8
49.7
29.5
229.5
96.4
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
,
,
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ...
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
See footnotes at end of table.
80
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
76.3
30.5
4.6
8.4
8.4
2.2
77.8
31.6
4.5
8.5
8.4
2.3
77.6
31.4
4.5
8.4
8.4
2.3
364.0
114.8
41.8
52.3
35.5
10.8
368.4
118.1
38.7
54.1
35.9
10.8
369.8
117.8
38.4
54.4
36.4
10.8
327.3
63.7
38.3
30.7
36.4
21.0
337.2
65.4
37.9
32.3
36.8
20.6
327.1
64.6
37.2
31.0
36.3
21.0
11.6
6.9
11.7
7.1
11.9
7.2
60.6
32.1
62.3
32.9
62.2
32.6
71.7
28.7
70.3
28.4
71.9
28.5
100.5
80.3
12.4
103.0
82.4
12.5
103.1
82.6
12.5
447.0
305.3
81.5
467.5
321.0
83.0
467.9
321.8
82.6
263.4
147.0
55.0
261.4
144.0
55.5
265.5
145.1
57.5
40.8
4.1
2.8
16.4
1.3
41.9
4.4
2.9
16.6
1.3
41.9
4.4
2.9
16.6
1.3
223.0
21.6
22.5
75.8
7.9
231.7
22.0
22.7
77.0
8.2
232.8
22.4
22.5
77.1
8.3
158.6
14.8
8.2
51.5
7.4
156.6
15.3
8.0
52.4
7.2
159.9
15.6
8.3
53.0
7.3
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
788.8
5.9
14.3
249.5
5.0
58.4
92.0
31.9
40.9
6.4
60.9
101.9
31.1
7.3
10.0
8.7
5.4
12.3
769.7
5.9
14.1
241.1
4.7
57.1
88.7
31.2
41.0
6.4
58.7
100.6
30.2
7.0
10.0
8.4
5.3
12.3
767.9
5.9
14.0
240.9
4.7
57.0
87.9
31.1
40.8
6.4
58.5
100.7
30.2
7.0
9.9
8.3
5.3
11.8
3,471.2
39.8
64.0
1,143.0
28.0
235.0
334.9
185.6
140.9
28.2
294.3
309.6
233.9
42.6
38.6
35.4
36.4
63.8
3,510.0
41.5
64.4
1,151.2
28.5
237.5
339.7
192.0
142.6
28.2
295.0
312.6
236.4
42.4
39.8
36.2
37.0
64.5
3,515.5
41.7
64.4
1,155.1
28.5
236.7
339.6
192.0
142.8
28.2
295.9
312.0
236.4
42.6
40.4
35.9
37.1
64.0
1,971.7
41.9
55.7
506.6
21.0
159.5
119.4
147.0
154.3
27.5
168.6
124.0
86.1
26.9
21.4
32.5
34.6
40.0
2,019.9
43.7
57.5
522.9
22.1
160.0
121.5
151.2
159.5
26.1
170.3
125.2
85.5
27.7
21.3
32.2
32.9
42.3
1,986.8
43.1
57.6
508.4
22.0
158.7
119.5
148.3
157.6
26.3
168.4
122.5
85.2
27.6
21.5
32.1
32.2
39.5
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
107.5
5.2
71.4
110.5
5.1
73.4
110.1
5.0
73.3
478.6
38.5
262.2
493.5
39.1
272.5
494.2
39.0
272.6
278.9
21.7
131.3
282.8
23.0
132.2
284.2
22.1
133.4
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
140.2
10.9
3.9
80.3
14.9
20.0
4.3
137.7
11.0
4.0
77.2
14.7
20.2
4.2
137.6
11.1
4.0
77.0
14.7
20.3
4.2
445.6
51.6
22.0
153.8
74.9
63.3
24.7
464.5
52.1
22.8
163.3
73.3
64.4
23.9
461.5
52.1
22.6
161.6
72.4
63.6
23.9
191.7
18.3
9.7
84.6
30.4
15.8
12.6
199.9
18.4
9.7
84.7
30.4
16.9
12.4
194.7
18.6
9.7
82.6
30.0
15.9
12.3
Delaware
Wilmington-Newark
35.5
30.4
37.4
32.1
37.5
32.2
90.5
72.7
95.4
75.7
94.6
74.5
47.1
34.1
49.2
34.8
48.9
34.3
District of Columbia
Washington PMSA
31.3
131.8
30.4
132.3
30.2
132.1
251.4
813.1
254.6
830.8
253.9
830.3
285.2
612.5
295.3
625.5
276.4
597.3
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ....
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
358.8
6.2
40.5
8.1
4.4
44.5
7.6
5.3
63.8
38.4
5.2
10.5
5.2
63.6
25.3
367.7
6.1
41.0
8.3
4.5
44.7
7.6
5.8
63.9
40.1
5.2
10.4
5.5
66.6
25.3
367.0
6.1
40.8
8.3
4.5
44.7
7.7
5.8
64.0
40.2
5.2
10.4
5.4
66.7
25.0
1,818.5
42.6
174.1
41.8
28.4
130.1
39.4
57.2
276.0
255.1
43.4
91.1
31.5
311.6
127.7
1,914.0
44.7
183.9
44.0
29.9
135.7
41.7
57.3
288.9
272.8
43.9
94.2
32.1
327.5
132.6
1,920.0
44.6
183.2
44.0
30.1
135.5
41.9
58.0
290.4
274.0
44.4
94.9
32.3
330.3
131.8
817.8
22.4
69.5
19.6
34.4
59.0
21.4
22.6
122.6
70.7
26.5
21.9
52.0
111.6
42.5
854.2
23.9
74.0
20.7
34.9
60.6
23.4
23.5
129.4
73.5
26.2
22.8
53.3
114.7
45.1
837.3
23.2
72.4
20.3
33.7
59.2
22.6
23.2
127.3
72.3
25.7
22.6
52.4
112.5
44.1
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
See footnotes at end of table.
81
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Mining
Constructor \
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994?
3,124.2
51.7
59.7
1,649.0
187.4
100.1
133.3
118.8
3,240.1
50.0
60.5
1,729.4
188.0
102.2
133.7
121.1
3,257.9
52.2
60.5
1,736.9
188.4
102.5
134.3
121.5
Hawaii
Honolulu
534.9
409.7
529.3
404.5
Idaho
Boise City
443.7
160.6
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
7.4
Aug.
1993
7.5
July
1994
Aug.
1994?
(1)
0
0
134.8
2.7
2.1
72.2
11.2
4.2
4.3
5.8
526.4
402.4
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
32.3
24.0
29.6
21.9
29.9
22.1
463.6
168.1
465.1
168.8
2.4
(1)
(1)
O
28.1
11.4
31.3
12.6
32.1
12.9
5,336.4
67.4
88.3
3,729.1
165.4
54.0
38.8
152.2
155.5
112.9
5,417.9
68.9
88.7
3,795.9
170.7
53.4
39.7
147.8
160.6
108.3
5,421.9
69.7
88.1
3,797.7
170.6
52.0
39.9
148.2
160.7
113.7
14.4
(1)
1
()
2.2
15.7
(1)
1
()
2.2
(1)
15.7
(1)
214.2
2.4
3.1
145.5
8.5
3.1
2.0
8.0
6.5
4.8
216.8
2.4
3.1
149.9
8.7
2.9
2.1
7.9
6.3
4.7
219.4
2.4
3.1
151.4
8.7
3.0
2.2
7.9
6.3
4.8
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
2,587.4
54.9
108.1
141.2
241.2
242.7
730.3
49.3
82.8
55.6
119.5
63.1
2,626.0
56.2
111.0
140.1
249.0
241.5
743.0
49.7
83.4
56.2
122.4
62.8
2,625.5
56.2
111.7
140.1
248.9
240.1
744.5
49.0
83.3
56.6
121.1
62.3
128.3
3.0
3.7
9.4
12.6
14.8
37.7
1.3
3.5
2.8
6.9
3.7
132.1
3.1
3.8
9.3
12.0
14.3
39.1
1.3
3.4
2.4
7.2
3.5
133.1
3.2
3.8
9.4
11.9
15.0
38.7
1.3
3.5
2.5
7.4
3.3
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
1,272.5
99.1
245.4
47.7
58.1
59.7
63.0
1,301.8
100.6
251.4
48.5
58.8
60.0
64.3
1,300.5
100.6
249.8
48.4
59.5
60.1
64.5
2.4
55.6
5.6
10.6
2.0
2.2
2.8
2.5
56.2
5.8
11.4
1.7
2.2
2.7
2.7
56.1
5.8
11.5
1.8
2.3
2.7
2.7
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
1,125.3
39.0
94.4
248.3
1,146.6
37.4
95.7
246.5
1,149.6
39.0
96.3
245.5
8.8
1.6
1.6
1.7
52.1
1.7
4.2
13.4
55.8
1.8
4.2
12.8
55.4
1.8
4.1
13.0
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
1,532.6
233.7
497.4
39.0
1,560.1
238.7
509.8
39.7
1,564.4
238.7
508.9
39.9
26.9
.2
.6
.6
28.8
.2
.6
.5
28.8
.2
.6
.5
74.5
12.3
25.8
2.4
73.8
12.8
25.7
2.5
74.3
12.9
26.5
2.4
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
1,638.6
49.6
255.2
59.5
136.4
72.5
60.9
569.6
154.9
1,683.5
50.5
259.3
61.2
138.7
74.5
63.1
575.4
159.8
1,689.1
50.0
259.0
61.1
139.3
73.5
62.4
575.2
159.9
45.8
.2
.9
5.2
11.2
1.5
.3
14.2
3.0
46.4
.2
.9
5.0
11.2
1.4
.3
13.8
3.0
46.7
.2
.9
5.0
11.3
1.4
.3
13.9
3.1
96.7
3.2
30.2
3.1
6.7
7.0
3.1
25.5
8.1
104.9
3.6
30.2
3.1
7.1
7.2
3.2
24.7
8.3
105.7
3.7
30.8
3.1
7.4
6.9
3.1
24.6
8.3
532.4
39.2
126.9
531.2
39.7
125.9
536.7
40.5
125.9
.1
23.7
1.8
5.6
23.8
1.8
5.6
24.1
1.9
5.7
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.
82
7.6
<*)
(1)
(*)
(1)
1.4
.5
1.5
.5
1
1
()
()
2.4
0)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
1.4
(1)
(1)
0
(1)
1.5
.4
(1)
(1)
.4
.4
O
(1)
2.4
2.2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
O
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.1
.2
(*)
(*)
.4
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
8.8
9.0
(1)
(1)
1.5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0)
0
(1)
(1)
6.4
0
.5
.7
(1)
(1)
2.2
O
0)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
()
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
6.4
6.8
(1)
(1)
1.1
1.1
2.4
0
0)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1.4
.5
1
()
1.2
(*)
(*)
(*)
(1)
O
(*)
139.3
2.3
1.9
79.9
10.9
4.3
4.8
6.0
144.1
2.6
1.9
82.7
11.0
4.3
4.9
6.0
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
xiblic utilities
1
Manufacturing
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994?
556.3
7.6
10.8
196.4
44.5
19.8
18.6
18.0
564.5
6.2
10.7
198.7
44.3
20.2
18.3
16.7
571.8
7.5
11.1
201.4
44.3
20.1
18.6
17.3
202.4
2.8
1.7
139.8
5.4
3.5
5.3
9.2
207.8
3.2
1.7
141.0
5.5
3.4
5.3
9.6
208.4
3.1
1.7
141.1
5.6
3.4
5.3
9.7
783.0
13.0
14.8
441.2
39.5
22.7
31.7
30.2
798.7
12.3
14.3
455.3
39.9
22.9
30.8
30.2
800.9
12.9
14.1
456.8
39.7
23.1
30.8
30.2
Hawaii
Honolulu
19.4
14.0
17.8
13.1
17.6
13.0
40.7
33.6
39.8
32.5
39.5
32.2
132.8
99.9
130.5
98.3
129.7
97.7
Idaho
Boise City
71.1
29.0
74.1
31.6
73.9
31.8
21.0
7.4
21.4
7.7
21.6
7.7
111.5
38.7
117.6
39.7
118.1
39.7
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
938.1
7.3
10.2
641.6
28.3
12.9
6.8
31.3
47.9
4.1
931.3
8.3
10.1
638.7
29.1
11.3
6.8
24.3
50.4
4.2
931.8
8.2
10.0
638.9
29.1
10.0
6.8
24.5
50.7
4.1
309.3
2.7
2.5
224.5
7.9
5.1
1.9
8.0
6.5
5.0
311.8
2.9
2.6
226.8
8.3
5.1
1.9
8.1
6.7
5.0
311.5
2.9
2.6
226.1
8.4
5.1
1.9
8.1
6.6
5.1
1,255.9
15.7
19.2
875.2
46.9
12.2
9.7
36.2
33.5
24.5
1,282.5
15.7
19.4
900.0
48.7
12.4
9.9
37.4
34.3
23.1
1,288.1
15.9
19.4
902.7
48.9
12.3
9.9
37.4
34.5
25.2
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
642.3
8.8
56.0
32.0
69.2
53.4
123.9
20.2
18.8
10.8
21.6
13.2
653.9
9.1
58.0
32.7
70.1
53.5
126.1
20.8
19.6
10.5
22.1
13.0
655.2
9.1
58.3
32.2
70.4
53.3
125.3
20.8
19.5
11.3
22.0
13.2
134.4
1.6
3.0
6.9
15.3
17.1
43.0
1.3
2.3
4.6
5.4
2.7
137.3
1.8
3.0
6.7
15.5
16.5
42.1
1.3
2.3
5.2
5.5
2.6
137.3
1.8
3.1
6.7
15.4
16.8
42.0
1.3
2.3
5.2
5.6
2.7
611.3
12.7
19.8
34.5
54.8
57.9
190.1
10.5
16.4
12.3
30.4
19.0
619.3
13.3
20.2
34.6
58.0
57.6
200.3
10.0
16.6
12.5
31.8
18.3
621.2
13.5
20.7
34.2
58.0
58.0
202.0
9.6
16.4
12.4
31.8
18.2
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
237.5
20.8
25.1
12.7
4.2
12.0
13.7
246.2
21.3
26.1
13.3
4.4
12.3
14.4
245.0
21.4
24.5
13.3
4.4
12.3
14.2
57.4
6.0
12.1
1.9
1.7
3.4
1.9
58.0
5.9
12.1
2.0
1.8
3.5
2.1
57.6
5.9
12.2
1.9
1.8
3.5
2.1
324.7
22.8
64.6
11.3
11.1
15.3
15.7
328.2
23.1
65.2
11.5
11.4
15.6
16.1
330.1
23.0
65.0
11.5
11.4
15.6
16.1
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
182.6
4.5
9.3
57.4
181.9
4.5
9.7
56.1
181.0
4.4
9.6
55.5
66.7
1.2
6.7
11.6
69.2
1.3
7.0
11.4
69.1
1.3
7.0
11.5
275.8
9.6
20.9
57.2
278.0
9.6
20.9
57.7
278.2
9.6
20.9
57.7
Kentucky
294.3
38.5
87.4
6.2
299.9
39.3
89.6
6.3
301.4
39.0
89.4
6.4
82.1
8.8
32.2
2.1
85.1
8.8
34.2
2.0
84.8
8.8
34.1
2.1
362.7
54.2
119.6
9.9
371.4
54.5
123.6
10.4
372.0
54.8
123.1
10.4
186.8
3.5
23.3
5.4
15.4
11.0
7.9
47.3
20.4
186.2
3.4
23.1
5.7
16.0
11.2
8.0
48.9
20.5
186.2
3.4
23.2
5.6
16.0
11.2
8.0
48.6
20.5
105.7
2.5
11.8
5.9
8.1
4.8
3.3
43.3
8.4
108.3
2.5
11.9
5.9
8.2
4.3
3.4
42.9
8.2
108.4
2.5
11.8
5.9
8.1
4.3
3.4
42.5
8.2
383.2
11.2
56.3
14.7
34.6
16.2
14.9
140.7
36.4
392.4
11.1
57.6
15.3
35.4
16.3
15.7
140.9
37.2
395.3
11.0
58.0
15.3
35.9
16.4
15.7
141.1
37.6
93.8
8.5
13.4
90.7
8.2
13.8
93.5
8.6
13.5
22.7
1.5
5.9
22.1
1.5
6.1
22.0
1.5
6.0
139.7
10.4
37.9
140.4
10.2
38.0
142.7
10.4
38.7
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.
83
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
168.0
2.0
2.0
111.5
6.5
7.2
8.3
4.5
168.3
1.9
2.0
111.8
6.9
7.5
8.1
4.2
167.8
2.0
2.0
111.6
6.9
7.4
8.1
4.1
742.1
12.3
11.3
456.1
42.7
22.9
28.6
32.5
805.5
12.2
11.4
505.6
43.0
24.6
30.2
34.8
810.6
12.4
11.3
507.3
43.2
24.7
30.6
34.6
530.0
11.3
17.0
230.3
37.1
19.8
35.3
18.6
548.6
11.9
18.5
235.7
37.0
19.3
35.1
19.6
546.8
11.7
18.4
234.6
37.2
19.5
34.9
19.6
Hawaii
Honolulu
39.6
32.5
39.6
32.3
39.5
32.3
163.8
120.3
165.0
121.1
163.4
120.1
106.3
85.4
107.0
85.3
106.8
85.0
Idaho
Boise City
23.0
10.8
24.5
11.6
24.6
11.6
101.0
37.8
104.2
38.0
104.5
38.2
85.6
25.5
88.1
26.9
87.9
26.9
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
387.5
12.1
3.4
303.3
7.4
2.4
1.8
8.5
7.0
7.9
390.9
12.6
3.4
304.9
7.8
2.4
1.8
8.4
7.1
8.1
391.1
12.6
3.4
305.5
7.8
2.3
1.7
8.4
7.0
8.1
1,505.4
16.6
20.0
1,089.8
43.2
13.1
10.3
44.8
39.7
32.3
1,522.5
16.9
20.4
1,119.1
43.9
13.6
10.6
46.0
40.9
31.0
1,527.9
17.0
20.5
1,123.0
44.0
13.7
10.8
46.0
41.2
33.3
711.6
10.6
29.9
447.0
23.2
5.2
6.3
15.4
14.4
34.3
746.4
10.1
29.7
454.3
24.2
5.7
6.6
15.7
14.9
32.2
736.4
10.7
29.1
447.9
23.7
5.6
6.6
15.9
14.4
33.1
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
130.5
2.0
2.9
6.0
13.3
9.5
55.7
1.4
3.6
1.8
6.4
2.4
132.3
2.3
3.1
5.8
13.5
9.6
56.3
1.4
3.8
1.8
6.2
2.4
132.0
2.3
3.0
5.9
13.4
9.6
56.1
1.4
3.9
1.8
6.2
2.4
569.8
12.0
16.7
37.6
53.9
59.1
175.5
8.5
18.5
13.8
36.3
13.2
578.0
12.1
17.3
36.8
56.9
58.2
177.4
8.3
18.3
13.9
37.5
13.7
577.6
12.0
17.2
37.4
57.5
57.9
178.2
8.2
18.9
13.9
36.2
13.4
364.0
14.8
6.0
13.4
22.1
30.9
103.8
6.1
19.7
9.5
12.5
8.5
366.7
14.5
5.6
12.7
23.0
31.8
101.2
6.6
19.4
9.9
12.1
8.9
362.7
14.3
5.6
12.8
22.3
29.5
101.8
6.4
18.8
9.5
11.9
8.7
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
75.0
5.4
34.6
1.7
1.6
2.7
2.9
76.9
5.7
36.2
1.6
1.7
2.7
2.8
76.7
5.6
36.1
1.6
1.7
2.7
2.8
316.1
27.6
67.3
14.7
11.5
17.4
16.0
323.7
28.1
68.7
15.1
12.7
16.9
16.0
324.1
28.3
69.1
15.0
12.4
17.0
16.1
204.0
10.9
31.1
3.4
25.8
6.1
10.3
210.2
10.7
31.7
3.3
24.6
6.3
10.2
208.5
10.6
31.4
3.3
25.5
6.3
10.5
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
59.0
1.8
6.3
11.1
59.6
1.8
6.3
11.0
59.2
1.9
6.3
11.0
271.9
8.7
24.9
67.1
280.7
8.2
25.0
66.6
280.9
8.2
25.0
66.4
208.2
11.5
22.1
28.9
212.6
10.2
22.6
29.3
217.0
11.8
23.4
28.7
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
63.5
9.4
28.8
1.7
62.8
9.1
29.5
1.6
62.8
9.3
29.4
1.6
364.8
60.6
136.7
9.4
373.7
62.5
139.6
9.7
375.5
63.3
139.6
9.8
263.8
49.7
66.3
6.7
264.6
51.5
67.0
6.7
264.8
50.4
66.2
6.7
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
78.1
2.2
14.8
2.3
5.6
2.7
4.3
29.9
6.7
79.4
2.2
14.7
2.2
5.7
2.6
4.4
30.3
6.7
79.6
2.2
14.7
2.2
5.7
2.6
4.4
30.4
6.6
408.2
14.2
63.4
11.6
32.8
17.1
15.8
167.0
41.5
426.3
14.4
65.0
12.1
32.8
18.2
16.1
170.5
45.1
430.9
14.4
65.0
12.1
33.1
18.3
16.1
171.1
45.2
334.1
12.6
54.5
11.3
22.0
12.2
11.3
101.7
30.4
339.6
13.1
55.9
11.9
22.3
13.3
12.0
103.4
30.8
336.3
12.6
54.6
11.9
21.8
12.4
11.4
103.0
30.4
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
26.2
1.9
12.3
26.2
2.0
12.2
26.2
2.0
12.1
142.0
11.1
37.3
144.6
11.9
35.3
145.3
12.0
35.2
84.1
4.0
14.5
83.3
4.1
14.9
82.8
4.1
14.7
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah
,
See footnotes at end of table.
84
,
<
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Mining
(Construction
State and area
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
1993
July
1994
1994P
Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
2,102.5
1,096.7
418.6
761.8
2,123.7
1,105.5
417.8
776.1
2,117.1
1,102.1
414.0
773.8
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
2,847.2
1,727.4
80.7
48.0
132.1
100.7
60.5
41.1
233.2
202.6
2,924.0
1,780.9
82.3
48.4
134.2
101.3
60.6
41.9
236.7
207.5
2,928.7
1,778.6
82.5
48.5
135.3
101.8
61.7
41.8
235.7
207.5
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
3,960.6
236.1
67.6
1,874.6
161.0
462.2
54.8
192.3
201.7
165.5
4,070.1
242.2
68.7
1,914.1
164.7
475.7
56.2
194.4
210.5
169.2
4,095.3
242.2
69.4
1,926.8
165.3
479.1
56.5
195.8
211.3
169.7
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
2,241.5
100.6
1,453.4
70.2
74.4
2,300.6
102.1
1,488.4
70.0
76.6
2,306.7
101.5
1,490.4
70.0
76.5
ft
0
(1)
997.5
196.0
1,028.8
202.9
1,032.3
203.6
(*)
2,402.4
806.3
1,180.6
136.8
2,471.2
826.1
1,216.5
142.9
2,470.0
827.0
1,213.5
142.9
Montana
334.2
335.3
341.2
5.8
5.9
5.8
16.6
16.7
17.4
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
765.8
128.7
345.2
778.4
128.8
350.0
782.7
130.2
350.6
1.5
1.5
1.5
35.0
5.9
16.9
35.7
5.9
17.0
35.3
5.9
16.8
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
675.4
456.1
151.4
709.7
483.3
156.4
715.6
489.1
156.2
12.8
1.8
13.1
1.8
13.1
1.8
49.3
38.0
50.5
38.0
51.0
38.3
.7
.7
.7
8.2
9.0
9.1
NOW riampsnir©
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
504.5
85.9
78.3
101.3
513.6
86.6
79.3
103.8
513.2
85.3
79.8
104.5
.5
.5
.5
19.2
3.7
2.2
2.8
19.1
3.7
2.2
2.9
3,513.7
183.2
605.5
429.2
231.9
544.1
343.4
906.2
191.2
54.8
3,583.3
187.3
611.9
437.9
234.8
556.3
355.4
924.3
196.1
56.6
3,583.4
186.8
613.3
438.1
235.8
557.6
353.5
918.0
193.3
56.3
1.9
9
(1)1.9
9
(1
0)
19.3
3.8
2.3
2.9
1.9
.3
.3
.3
120.9
5.8
21.5
18.2
4.6
17.7
14.9
30.3
4.3
1.8
130.2
5.9
23.0
20.4
5.2
18.3
17.2
31.4
4.8
1.9
130.5
5.7
23.2
20.7
5.1
18.3
17.6
30.8
4.8
2.0
625.8
288.9
43.5
69.3
657.4
304.7
44.7
69.7
658.5
305.6
45.0
70.9
16.1
(1)
1
()
(1)
16.9
(1)
17.0
(1)
1
()
(1)
37.7
18.6
2.6
3.7
43.3
21.3
2.8
3.6
43.8
21.3
2.8
3.8
7,728.2
427.4
112.6
7,827.5
427.4
108.9
7,817.4
429.5
109.6
5.4
.5
5.7
.6
5.8
.6
259.8
17.2
4.7
269.7
17.1
4.7
272.6
17.4
4.8
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ..
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Aug.
1993
July
1994
1.2
.2
(2)
Aug.
1993
1994P
126.2
59.8
13.1
53.1
125.8
60.6
13.3
53.7
126.3
61.0
13.4
53.9
1.2
.4
91.2
51.5
2.6
1.4
5.0
4.3
2.0
1.4
7.1
6.2
93.7
50.6
2.6
1.3
4.9
4.4
2.0
1.4
7.4
6.9
95.5
51.5
2.6
1.3
5.0
4.4
2.0
1.4
7.4
7.0
149.7
7.0
2.0
62.8
5.8
20.9
1.7
7.2
6.8
8.1
156.0
7.2
2.1
66.5
6.0
22.2
1.9
7.5
7.0
8.3
156.2
7.2
2.2
66.5
6.1
22.4
1.9
7.5
6.9
8.5
91.3
4.1
54.4
2.6
3.8
91.7
4.2
54.5
2.5
4.0
93.3
4.2
54.9
2.6
4.1
5.2
40.9
8.3
42.4
8.4
43.0
8.5
4.3
103.0
36.1
56.5
6.2
113.7
40.7
66.5
6.5
114.2
41.2
65.8
6.3
(*)
(*)
1.3
.5
1.3
.5
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
0
(*)
0
9
.1
.1
.2
.1
.2
.2
7.5
.1
.1
.2
9.2
9.3
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1.0
1.1
(1)
(1)
(1)
9
9
0)
0)
7.0
4.5
5.3
8.2
5.4
9
(1)
(1)
2
C)
4.3
(1)
(1)
0
(1)
0
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
?)
0
9
0
9
.6
0)
.7
(1)
0
5.4
(1)
5.2
4.6
9
(1)8.6
(2)
(*)
(1)
1.1
9
(1)
(1)
0
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.5
0)
.8
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
.5
(1)
.8
(1)
1994P
1.2
.2
1.1
.2
(*)
July
1994
0
See footnotes at end of table.
85
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
\)ublic utilitiesi
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994*
Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
179.5
108.1
37.8
33.8
176.8
105.8
37.2
34.4
177.9
106.8
37.3
34.0
97.7
52.2
21.3
31.1
95.7
50.9
20.1
31.9
95.5
51.2
20.1
32.0
506.5
252.7
67.8
186.0
512.3
254.1
67.0
191.0
510.6
254.9
67.5
190.6
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
449.6
224.4
10.8
14.3
34.0
31.0
15.5
7.8
40.5
38.9
443.1
221.1
10.6
14.4
34.2
30.6
14.9
7.4
39.9
39.0
447.2
221.6
10.9
14.8
34.9
30.8
15.9
7.4
39.8
39.5
122.1
78.7
4.3
1.8
3.8
5.0
2.3
1.2
8.1
9.2
124.9
80.9
4.5
1.8
3.8
5.1
2.2
1.1
8.0
10.0
124.7
80.5
4.4
1.8
3.8
5.2
2.2
1.1
8.0
9.9
651.8
372.4
26.0
10.9
33.9
20.7
14.8
10.0
53.7
45.6
675.1
386.5
26.9
10.5
34.1
20.9
14.9
10.1
53.8
46.3
677.2
386.8
26.9
10.5
34.4
20.9
15.0
10.2
54.1
46.2
895.6
51.8
20.2
413.1
44.3
134.7
12.0
49.7
22.3
40.9
926.4
53.4
20.8
421.7
45.9
140.4
12.7
50.1
28.7
41.9
944.0
54.0
21.0
433.1
45.5
141.7
12.8
50.7
29.5
41.5
158.1
5.5
2.9
84.9
4.5
17.1
3.6
6.2
6.3
6.6
161.0
5.4
2.9
86.6
4.2
17.3
3.6
6.4
6.4
6.4
162.2
5.5
3.0
86.8
4.1
17.4
3.7
6.4
6.4
6.5
944.9
47.3
14.9
450.5
40.0
114.2
13.7
42.5
46.9
42.3
970.1
48.1
15.1
454.9
40.0
114.6
13.8
42.9
47.5
43.3
972.3
47.7
15.2
453.7
40.3
115.3
13.9
43.2
47.7
43.6
412.4
8.2
268.3
11.9
13.9
419.9
8.4
270.2
11.4
14.5
425.1
8.4
271.8
11.4
14.5
107.3
6.4
76.0
2.0
2.8
109.0
6.0
77.3
2.0
2.8
107.6
6.0
76.3
2.0
2.8
543.3
26.3
346.1
14.4
23.5
553.7
26.5
352.8
14.9
23.7
557.8
26.4
355.7
15.0
23.9
Mississippi
Jackson
253.4
21.7
258.6
21.9
259.7
22.3
45.9
13.4
46.1
15.2
46.2
15.4
210.9
46.8
217.0
49.3
216.8
48.5
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
411.0
105.1
197.4
20.9
408.8
104.7
194.1
21.5
413.4
106.2
196.6
21.9
153.1
63.9
76.5
8.2
154.4
64.2
80.5
8.4
154.2
63.9
81.0
8.4
580.1
199.9
285.6
39.7
585.6
202.8
289.2
41.3
588.4
203.7
289.0
41.7
23.6
22.9
23.1
20.2
20.5
20.6
91.3
92.6
94.2
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
103.6
15.3
34.6
104.6
16.1
34.2
105.8
16.3
34.7
46.8
7.5
24.0
47.4
7.4
24.5
48.0
7.4
24.9
196.6
27.0
88.0
196.9
27.3
88.7
199.1
27.5
89.2
30.5
16.4
10.6
32.0
17.1
11.3
32.1
17.2
11.3
35.4
23.0
10.4
36.8
24.2
10.7
37.0
24.4
10.8
134.6
92.6
34.2
140.6
97.0
35.5
141.1
97.5
35.5
96.9
11.3
26.4
17.2
96.9
11.2
26.0
16.9
98.6
11.2
26.3
17.7
17.4
5.4
2.1
3.5
17.9
6.0
2.0
3.9
17.3
5.9
2.0
3.7
132.6
20.8
20.1
27.0
134.5
21.2
20.0
27.7
133.8
20.6
20.0
27.6
517.2
7.3
115.7
57.7
33.9
95.4
21.2
142.8
23.9
14.0
505.3
7.1
110.7
56.8
34.3
93.1
20.8
140.4
22.4
14.3
513.1
7.1
114.2
57.6
35.3
94.4
21.0
141.5
22.2
14.4
232.3
7.2
27.4
19.5
28.2
43.6
18.1
76.3
6.8
2.0
235.6
7.5
28.1
19.8
28.4
44.1
18.1
78.0
6.5
2.0
236.1
7.4
28.2
19.9
28.6
44.3
17.8
77.4
6.3
2.0
822.9
43.4
168.7
113.3
53.7
127.2
94.7
177.6
30.5
10.3
843.2
45.2
171.4
116.6
54.5
129.7
98.2
182.2
31.6
10.8
844.0
45.1
171.0
117.0
54.7
130.1
97.8
182.2
31.5
10.5
43.5
26.5
2.7
2.2
44.6
27.8
2.3
2.1
46.3
28.1
2.8
2.2
28.4
12.4
1.5
1.1
29.0
12.9
1.5
1.2
29.0
13.1
1.5
1.2
150.2
69.9
9.6
14.7
157.1
73.8
10.1
14.9
157.6
74.1
10.2
15.2
983.1
44.5
26.8
952.6
43.7
24.1
955.4
43.6
24.4
396.8
16.1
4.6
396.2
15.7
4.1
395.4
15.7
4.1
1,558.2
86.8
24.8
1,584.4
86.5
24.6
1,586.7
87.4
24.8
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
Nevada
Us Vegas
Reno
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen—Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
See footnotes at end of table.
86
,
,
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994*
Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
130.8
74.0
38.4
47.7
130.1
73.3
38.0
47.8
129.5
73.4
37.7
47.4
665.6
347.2
148.4
254.3
681.4
354.3
150.3
257.8
677.7
352.2
148.9
256.6
395.0
202.5
91.8
155.8
400.5
206.3
91.9
159.5
398.4
202.4
89.1
159.3
Massachusetts
202.0
146.2
3.3
1.7
5.0
3.4
2.0
1.9
14.1
15.2
204.1
149.4
3.5
1.8
5.0
3.4
2.0
2.0
13.7
15.7
204.3
149.3
3.5
1.8
5.0
3.4
2.0
2.0
13.6
15.7
961.5
648.8
19.6
11.6
34.7
23.9
15.0
14.0
69.4
57.9
1,014.9
682.3
20.0
12.4
36.8
25.0
15.5
15.2
72.9
59.9
1,014.4
682.7
20.2
12.2
36.6
25.2
15.5
15.2
72.4
59.8
367.7
204.9
14.1
6.3
15.7
12.4
8.9
4.7
40.1
29.4
366.9
209.6
14.2
6.2
15.4
11.9
9.1
4.6
40.9
29.5
364.2
205.8
14.0
6.1
15.6
11.9
9.1
4.4
40.3
29.2
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
195.8
9.6
2.6
109.1
6.3
19.5
1.8
10.2
12.4
6.4
199.0
9.6
2.6
110.1
6.5
19.6
1.9
10.6
12.6
6.3
198.4
9.6
2.6
109.3
6.5
19.6
1.9
10.7
12.6
6.4
1,031.5
56.3
16.0
541.3
40.8
112.0
12.6
46.5
48.3
40.9
1,070.8
57.1
16.7
560.5
41.5
116.0
12.9
47.3
49.2
41.9
1,075.3
57.1
16.6
563.1
42.1
116.7
13.0
47.7
49.0
42.1
577.5
58.7
9.0
212.0
19.4
43.9
9.3
30.0
58.6
20.4
577.7
61.3
8.4
212.6
20.7
45.6
9.3
29.8
59.3
21.0
577.7
61.1
8.9
213.3
20.7
46.1
9.2
29.6
59.2
21.1
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
137.4
3.5
109.1
1.9
2.4
140.0
3.5
111.2
1.9
2.4
139.8
3.5
111.2
1.9
2.4
623.1
27.6
412.0
31.1
18.0
645.3
27.8
425.0
30.8
18.6
648.4
27.7
425.9
30.6
18.4
319.7
20.0
187.0
6.3
10.0
332.8
20.3
196.9
6.5
10.6
326.1
19.9
194.1
6.5
10.4
39.2
14.6
39.3
14.6
39.5
14.6
198.5
50.9
220.4
52.8
215.7
52.5
203.4
39.9
199.8
40.4
206.2
41.5
143.1
62.7
74.7
6.2
145.7
63.7
75.0
6.5
145.7
63.5
74.9
6.5
659.8
222.5
356.8
40.7
696.3
228.5
374.1
43.1
695.4
227.3
373.2
43.1
347.7
116.1
133.1
14.9
362.4
121.5
137.1
15.6
354.4
121.2
133.0
15.0
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
Montana
15.0
15.4
15.3
92.2
93.2
93.4
69.5
68.1
71.4
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
50.8
8.6
30.0
50.9
8.6
29.9
50.8
8.6
29.8
187.9
30.4
104.1
194.8
30.5
106.9
195.7
30.8
106.9
143.6
34.0
47.6
146.6
33.0
48.8
146.5
33.7
48.3
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
31.4
23.0
7.2
32.2
23.6
7.4
32.2
23.5
7.4
297.5
210.0
61.9
319.4
230.5
62.6
320.7
231.6
62.6
83.9
51.3
18.2
85.1
51.1
19.2
88.4
54.8
18.8
NOW nampsnire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
30.4
7.7
3.2
6.8
29.5
6.8
3.1
6.5
29.3
6.6
3.0
6.5
142.3
27.7
18.3
24.7
147.9
28.4
19.8
26.6
148.0
27.9
20.2
27.0
65.1
9.2
5.9
19.2
67.2
9.3
6.2
19.4
66.6
9.4
6.1
19.1
232.0
6.0
36.3
22.8
19.9
43.6
19.3
68.6
10.8
3.4
236.0
5.8
38.5
22.5
20.6
44.2
19.0
70.0
10.6
3.4
235.0
5.8
38.5
22.3
20.8
44.1
18.8
69.4
10.7
3.4
1,038.7
86.1
168.1
126.3
50.6
142.6
113.3
272.7
62.8
11.1
1,075.4
87.6
169.9
127.7
52.7
152.1
119.5
283.4
66.9
11.3
1,075.8
87.7
169.6
127.6
53.0
152.1
118.1
281.5
65.4
11.2
547.8
27.4
67.8
71.4
41.0
73.4
61.9
137.2
52.1
11.9
555.7
28.2
70.3
74.1
39.1
74.3
62.6
138.1
53.3
12.6
547.0
28.0
68.6
73.0
38.3
73.8
62.4
134.4
52.4
12.5
28.0
15.5
1.9
2.8
29.7
16.5
1.9
3.0
29.6
16.3
1.9
3.1
170.5
89.4
9.5
20.3
180.2
93.5
9.9
20.4
179.8
94.2
9.9
20.9
151.4
56.6
15.7
24.5
156.6
58.9
16.2
24.5
155.4
58.5
15.9
24.5
734.1
27.6
4.2
742.1
27.4
4.2
740.7
27.3
4.1
2,416.6
128.2
28.1
2,487.6
128.1
28.1
2,486.6
128.9
28.3
1,374.1
106.4
19.5
1,389.1
108.4
19.1
1,374.3
108.8
19.0
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ..
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
See footnotes at end of table.
87
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Mining
Constructor l
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utfca-Rome
Westchester County
528.1
101.4
39.7
51.9
1,050.8
3,753.2
3,262.7
115.5
512.7
97.5
328.2
125.7
373.9
533.5
100.1
40.3
53.5
1,058.6
3,790.6
3,299.6
116.0
516.1
98.8
329.4
127.3
373.6
532.8
100.3
40.5
53.4
1,054.7
3,781.8
3,291.9
116.5
515.8
98.0
329.3
127.4
373.0
North Carolina
Asheville
Chariotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
3,247.4
98.0
652.1
564.1
516.9
3,300.6
98.7
657.0
572.4
519.7
3,315.2
98.4
663.7
572.4
524.4
0
(1)
(1)
(1)
285.8
43.7
83.3
44.3
292.2
44.7
84.6
46.2
293.2
44.7
84.4
46.1
0
(1)
(1)
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
4,907.5
290.5
169.3
769.5
1,050.1
725.5
439.8
287.9
227.8
4,952.1
297.1
172.5
782.3
1,060.1
726.6
441.4
292.1
234.6
4,956.8
296.4
172.4
781.6
1,058.5
729.1
443.6
291.3
230.2
14.4
.4
.7
.6
.9
.7
.6
.2
.7
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
1,237.7
23.0
36.0
440.6
332.4
1,261.1
22.6
38.1
452.5
334.2
1,257.1
23.0
37.9
448.8
334.5
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
1,316.7
118.8
57.9
771.4
118.4
1,349.2
121.4
58.6
791.4
118.7
1,361.1
122.6
59.0
795.2
121.9
5,091.3
251.2
56.5
123.8
322.3
83.2
195.0
2,110.2
679.5
1,029.5
152.2
262.9
41.9
60.2
50.2
153.5
5,159.1
253.3
57.6
126.5
324.2
84.0
198.1
2,131.3
682.4
1,042.8
154.3
265.8
43.6
60.5
50.5
154.8
5,157.9
254.2
58.0
125.6
323.6
84.2
198.8
2,125.7
678.4
1,038.0
154.4
267.5
43.3
60.3
50.6
155.4
430.4
477.5
432.1
477.7
437.6
485.7
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Cariisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
PlttSOUrOn ••••......•••••••••••.•
.......••....•••...
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
See footnotes at end of table.
88
,
,
,
,
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0)
(1)
(1)
0)
(1)
(1)
C)
(1)
(1)
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
21.7
4.4
1.4
2.2
42.5
108.7
87.1
4.0
18.3
3.2
16.0
3.8
16.7
21.6
4.1
1.4
2.2
42.2
112.1
90.9
4.1
18.4
3.2
16.1
3.9
16.4
21.9
4.1
1.5
2.1
42.5
112.3
91.1
4.2
18.7
3.3
16.4
4.0
16.5
3.4
159.4
4.8
32.9
24.6
24.5
168.0
5.1
33.6
24.5
24.3
167.8
5.1
33.6
24.5
24.4
3.9
14.4
2.5
5.4
2.3
15.4
2.6
6.1
2.8
15.5
2.7
6.2
2.8
14.5
.4
.7
.7
.9
.7
.6
.2
.7
14.4
.4
.7
.7
1.0
.7
.6
.2
.7
203.8
11.4
7.9
35.6
41.4
29.6
16.3
12.3
9.5
200.1
11.2
8.4
35.1
41.2
28.5
15.9
10.9
9.9
202.0
11.5
8.5
35.4
41.4
28.9
15.9
10.9
9.9
35.8
.9
.1
8.2
9.5
35.3
1.0
.1
8.4
9.4
34.8
1.0
.1
8.2
9.4
43.3
.7
1.4
15.5
12.6
47.8
.7
1.5
16.3
13.2
48.0
.8
1.5
16.2
13.0
1.9
.2
.1
.9
.2
1.8
.2
.1
.9
.3
1.7
.2
.1
.9
.3
60.3
5.5
2.5
37.9
5.4
64.3
6.2
2.5
39.9
5.3
66.9
6.5
2.6
41.2
5.4
20.3
20.1
(1)
218.1
10.4
2.6
4.8
13.7
5.5
11.1
86.2
11.1
51.7
6.8
10.3
1.4
2.9
2.2
8.3
220.6
10.6
2.7
4.8
13.5
5.6
11.5
87.7
11.4
51.4
6.9
10.1
1.5
2.9
2.2
8.2
14.0
15.3
13.2
14.4
0.3
(1)
.9
0)
.8
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
(1)
(1)
(1)
3.4
.9
3.4
0)
(1)
0
V)
3.9
0)
(1)
(1)
21.8
0.3
0
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0)
0)
(1)
(1)
4.0
0
(1)
(1)
O
0
0.3
0)
(1)
(1)
.5
.5
.5
214.3
10.3
2.7
4.7
13.5
6.2
11.5
80.8
10.9
52.0
6.9
9.7
1.4
3.3
2.0
7.9
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
13.2
14.6
.4
0)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.4
(1)
(1)
(1)
4.3
0
.7
3.4
3.4
(1)
.7
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.4
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.6
(1)
(1)
(1)
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
Dublic utilities
1
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
89.8
16.4
8.1
9.5
122.2
354.5
295.0
13.2
130.0
13.1
50.1
21.3
44.4
90.3
14.6
8.5
9.6
116.8
342.6
284.5
13.4
125.5
12.6
49.7
20.9
43.5
89.6
14.6
8.6
9.6
117.0
346.1
287.9
13.5
125.0
12.6
49.6
21.1
43.6
25.4
3.8
1.5
1.6
46.2
226.1
200.3
6.2
16.2
5.4
20.1
4.2
19.7
25.1
3.8
1.4
1.6
46.1
224.1
198.6
6.2
15.9
5.4
19.5
4.0
19.4
25.0
3.7
1.5
1.6
46.2
222.9
197.8
6.1
15.9
5.3
19.4
4.0
19.1
130.8
20.9
10.2
12.7
274.1
635.3
528.4
29.4
111.9
21.1
77.5
26.1
81.7
133.0
21.2
10.2
13.6
277.7
639.7
532.2
30.1
112.7
21.6
78.2
26.4
81.9
133.4
21.3
10.2
13.7
277.8
639.5
532.1
30.4
113.3
21.7
79.3
26.7
81.7
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
850.3
21.4
147.3
167.5
79.1
850.3
21.2
148.0
169.6
79.1
856.4
21.2
149.0
169.2
79.8
157.4
4.8
52.2
29.8
23.9
157.1
5.0
52.9
30.2
23.8
156.9
5.0
52.8
30.1
23.6
740.3
22.9
156.2
127.7
104.2
747.3
23.0
158.7
127.6
105.3
748.5
22.8
158.6
127.6
105.3
19.5
2.4
6.3
2.8
21.1
2.6
6.6
2.8
21.1
2.6
6.3
2.9
18.0
3.3
4.7
2.2
18.4
3.4
4.6
2.3
18.4
3.3
4.7
2.3
75.9
11.3
24.5
12.3
76.4
11.4
24.2
12.3
76.8
11.7
24.2
12.4
1,049.4
62.2
44.7
143.0
218.8
92.3
94.1
55.1
53.9
1,054.6
62.2
45.9
142.4
218.0
92.3
93.6
57.9
56.6
1,060.6
62.2
45.7
142.3
218.6
93.2
95.5
58.3
52.4
216.6
14.2
6.0
40.1
43.2
31.5
18.0
13.5
8.6
213.9
14.0
6.0
40.6
42.5
31.4
17.7
12.9
8.6
213.6
13.8
6.0
40.7
42.4
31.4
17.7
13.0
8.4
1,186.4
70.8
42.2
196.6
246.4
188.7
102.5
73.2
60.5
1,193.7
71.5
42.3
199.6
245.0
187.5
104.2
72.9
61.4
1,197.9
71.4
42.6
200.0
245.4
189.0
104.1
72.8
61.4
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
168.7
1.6
3.7
48.6
54.7
170.8
1.6
3.9
50.5
54.0
169.0
1.6
3.8
49.5
53.9
72.2
2.1
1.8
21.8
26.8
72.3
2.0
1.7
21.9
26.7
72.5
2.0
1.7
21.2
26.8
292.1
6.7
8.5
106.4
77.7
298.7
6.6
8.6
108.8
77.0
300.2
6.8
8.5
108.8
76.8
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
221.0
18.9
8.9
126.9
19.5
225.0
19.4
9.3
130.4
19.4
228.1
19.5
9.3
130.6
21.5
65.9
4.6
2.9
43.8
3.4
66.6
4.9
3.0
43.3
3.5
66.5
4.9
3.0
43.8
3.5
332.8
30.5
16.9
194.3
26.0
338.1
30.0
17.0
198.0
26.1
343.0
30.3
17.3
200.9
26.3
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
943.0
61.7
9.9
35.2
48.2
12.4
56.1
314.1
65.6
131.8
43.4
59.6
9.7
8.4
13.7
46.4
937.3
61.5
10.1
35.1
48.0
13.0
55.7
306.5
64.2
132.1
43.3
58.1
10.3
9.0
13.4
46.0
942.8
61.8
10.2
35.1
48.1
13.1
56.2
308.7
64.3
132.5
43.5
60.6
10.3
8.9
13.5
46.2
258.5
12.5
5.1
4.5
20.6
4.4
6.8
100.2
37.6
63.7
6.2
14.8
1.7
1.8
1.7
8.3
263.6
12.3
5.1
4.6
20.6
4.4
6.6
100.5
38.3
63.1
6.3
15.2
1.9
1.8
1.8
8.2
262.7
12.1
5.1
4.6
20.6
4.3
6.6
100.3
38.1
62.6
6.2
15.1
1.8
1.7
1.8
8.2
1,151.1
52.3
14.8
27.8
69.0
20.0
49.0
462.7
116.3
253.4
35.0
63.4
10.9
11.7
11.9
37.6
1,166.0
52.0
15.1
27.9
68.4
19.9
50.2
469.1
117.8
255.9
36.1
65.1
10.9
11.4
11.9
37.5
1,170.2
52.8
15.1
27.7
68.4
20.2
50.2
470.3
117.6
256.4
36.2
65.0
11.1
11.4
12.0
37.5
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
87.3
109.4
80.6
102.7
86.9
111.0
14.1
16.3
14.4
16.7
14.2
16.5
95.9
108.7
97.1
108.8
98.2
110.0
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
See footnotes at end of table.
89
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Aug.
1993
New York-Continued
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
28.8
4.5
1.5
1.7
81.0
507.0
473.1
6.3
24.5
5.3
19.9
8.2
27.6
28.5
4.6
1.5
1.7
80.7
516.7
484.0
6.4
24.8
5.3
19.8
8.2
26.4
28.6
4.6
1.5
1.7
80.6
515.7
483.3
6.4
24.7
5.2
19.8
8.2
26.2
149.9
30.7
10.4
15.7
326.1
1,264.9
1,101.1
30.9
141.5
30.0
89.5
32.0
127.7
151.0
31.6
10.6
15.9
331.4
1,299.6
1,133.4
30.8
147.6
30.7
89.7
33.6
129.6
151.4
31.8
10.7
15.9
330.8
1,295.3
1,129.3
31.0
147.7
30.6
89.3
33.3
129.4
81.8
20.7
6.6
8.5
158.8
656.7
577.4
25.5
69.5
19.5
55.2
30.2
56.1
84.1
20.4
6.7
8.9
163.7
655.9
575.8
25.1
70.5
19.9
56.5
30.3
56.4
83.0
20.2
6.6
8.8
159.8
650.1
570.1
24.9
69.7
19.4
55.4
30.0
56.6
140.3
3.1
41.2
28.1
24.5
146.9
3.2
43.3
28.6
25.1
147.1
3.2
43.5
28.5
25.1
701.3
27.9
149.3
131.4
151.7
732.8
28.0
152.9
134.9
157.5
733.9
28.0
153.0
134.6
157.3
495.0
13.1
73.0
55.0
109.0
494.8
13.2
67.6
57.0
104.6
501.2
13.1
73.2
57.9
108.9
13.7
1.9
5.3
1.6
14.0
2.0
5.4
1.6
14.1
2.0
5.4
1.6
77.7
13.3
23.8
12.5
80.1
13.4
24.4
13.5
80.2
13.4
24.2
12.8
62.6
9.0
13.3
10.6
62.9
9.3
13.3
10.9
63.2
9.0
13.4
11.3
262.4
12.1
6.7
46.3
66.3
60.9
17.3
11.2
10.4
264.2
12.6
6.7
47.1
67.9
59.5
17.5
11.4
10.1
263.7
12.6
6.7
46.8
67.9
59.3
17.4
11.5
10.1
1,292.9
80.5
43.1
212.0
302.2
196.7
121.2
83.0
58.6
1,315.8
85.6
43.9
218.7
309.7
200.9
122.8
85.0
60.2
1,315.2
85.2
43.6
218.3
309.4
200.6
122.9
84.6
60.3
681.6
38.9
18.0
95.3
130.9
125.1
69.8
39.4
25.6
695.3
39.6
18.6
98.1
134.9
125.8
69.1
40.9
27.1
689.4
39.3
18.6
97.4
132.4
126.0
69.5
40.0
27.0
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
62.3
1.1
1.7
26.5
18.1
62.8
1.1
1.8
26.1
18.0
62.4
1.1
1.8
26.0
18.1
307.4
5.9
7.8
120.2
93.5
319.4
5.9
8.2
123.3
97.4
317.0
5.9
8.2
123.4
97.4
255.9
4.0
11.0
93.4
39.5
254.0
3.7
12.3
97.2
38.5
253.2
3.8
12.3
95.5
39.1
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
93.9
6.9
2.9
64.5
6.8
98.0
7.4
2.9
65.6
6.8
98.3
2.8
65.8
6.8
329.0
31.1
14.7
204.0
26.6
338.4
31.4
14.9
211.6
26.9
340.1
32.0
15.0
211.8
27.3
211.9
21.1
9.0
99.1
30.5
217.0
21.9
8.9
101.7
30.4
216.5
21.7
8.9
100.2
30.8
307.1
14.0
1.9
5.8
22.7
4.3
9.3
157.3
58.3
61.0
9.0
12.1
1.6
2.1
2.2
5.1
311.8
14.6
2.0
5.9
23.5
4.4
9.2
153.9
57.2
62.5
9.6
11.9
1.6
2.2
2.2
5.2
310.5
14.6
2.0
5.8
23.5
4.3
9.3
153.2
56.9
62.4
9.5
12.3
1.5
2.2
2.2
5.2
1,527.1
75.1
14.6
33.2
80.6
23.4
46.3
705.0
259.2
350.0
35.4
69.6
11.6
11.9
12.7
33.6
1,566.4
76.6
14.6
34.5
80.9
23.8
48.6
725.1
262.6
359.8
35.7
70.8
12.2
12.1
12.9
35.0
1,563.8
76.5
14.6
34.1
80.8
23.8
48.7
721.7
262.4
358.2
35.9
70.6
12.1
12.0
12.9
35.6
668.4
25.3
7.5
12.6
67.7
12.5
15.6
290.1
131.6
113.3
16.3
33.0
5.0
21.0
6.0
14.1
675.6
25.9
8.1
13.7
69.1
13.0
16.3
290.0
131.2
114.3
16.5
33.7
5.3
21.1
6.1
14.1
667.2
25.8
8.3
13.5
68.7
12.9
15.9
283.8
127.7
111.1
16.2
33.2
5.0
21.2
6.0
14.0
25.5
27.0
25.4
27.1
25.4
27.1
136.2
142.2
140.9
145.7
140.8
146.0
58.0
59.1
59.5
61.2
58.7
60.5
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Chaiiotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Cariisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazieton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
See footnotes at end of table.
90
7.5
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Mining
(Construction
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
1,570.3
204.1
245.5
413.1
1,584.5
202.1
247.7
416.1
1,586.1
203.1
248.0
417.9
323.3
43.8
88.4
333.9
45.3
91.4
334.5
45.5
90.4
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
2,339.9
207.8
181.4
298.8
485.8
541.4
2,387.4
211.6
180.7
298.3
490.5
555.5
2,399.1
210.8
180.9
299.5
487.7
558.9
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
7,495.5
49.2
82.6
445.5
148.1
70.4
86.5
58.3
139.6
1,479.8
223.6
612.9
84.3
1,657.9
82.8
52.6
78.7
102.2
111.3
91.3
38.6
568.9
36.5
48.0
66.3
31.8
84.3
53.0
7,716.6
49.8
85.8
466.3
151.4
71.9
89.4
60.3
142.2
1,543.6
227.5
630.6
85.6
1,689.6
86.9
55.6
80.2
104.0
117.1
91.7
39.9
585.5
37.0
47.4
68.2
32.7
87.4
53.8
7,738.2
49.5
86.3
467.5
150.4
71.8
89.8
59.7
140.4
1,553.4
226.8
633.1
85.4
1,691.6
87.0
55.7
80.1
104.4
117.9
91.7
39.7
585.4
36.9
47.6
68.2
32.4
87.3
53.7
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
814.0
106.5
553.3
854.1
114.0
580.2
860.4
114.7
584.3
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
253.6
28.1
85.4
255.0
28.4
88.0
255.3
28.1
88.3
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
2,920.6
33.7
69.7
43.0
92.3
609.4
865.7
473.6
129.3
3,007.0
34.3
72.1
43.1
94.8
620.6
903.5
489.5
135.4
3,005.6
34.0
71.1
43.9
95.0
622.4
902.3
488.0
135.7
Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
2,248.3
1,142.8
2,286.4
1,159.7
2,286.4
1,157.9
652.8
121.9
109.2
63.5
59.4
678.5
123.4
109.2
65.0
63.0
671.7
123.2
109.2
65.2
62.2
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntlngton-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Aug.
1994*
Aug.
1993
July
1994
1.8
(1)
Aug.
1994"
1.7
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
(1)
4.4
(1)
(1)
82.5
12.2
12.2
26.7
2.3
15.2
2.8
4.8
15.9
3.0
5.1
16.2
3.2
5.2
4.8
99.1
7.7
8.5
15.4
18.9
23.4
100.8
8.2
8.7
15.9
19.1
25.4
101.2
8.2
8.6
16.2
19.2
25.3
358.9
1.9
3.4
18.1
12.7
9.9
2.7
2.3
12.6
56.0
8.5
25.1
5.0
107.3
3.4
1.9
3.3
3.8
5.0
4.4
1.6
25.7
1.6
2.2
2.3
2.2
3.8
1.8
380.1
2.0
4.0
21.5
13.5
10.5
2.8
2.2
12.6
63.0
9.3
28.6
4.9
115.1
4.5
2.0
3.6
4.4
5.2
4.8
1.5
27.2
1.5
2.5
2.4
2.2
4.2
1.8
383.3
2.0
4.0
21.7
13.2
10.2
2.7
2.2
12.0
63.3
9.3
28.7
5.1
114.6
4.5
2.0
3.6
4.4
5.1
4.7
1.6
27.4
1.5
2.5
2.4
2.1
4.2
1.9
44.0
6.2
29.6
52.9
7.9
34.8
54.4
7.9
35.9
0
4.9
.2
82.8
11.9
12.3
26.6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.6
.5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
167.5
1.3
.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
(1)
.7
2.7
16.9
(1)
4.5
.7
65.5
1
()
2.3
3.5
.2
.9
13.1
.6
1.8
(1)
.1
1.4
1.4
(1)
1.4
161.9
1.3
.7
1.0
1.0
1.0
(1)
.7
2.8
17.1
(1)
4.6
.8
65.9
162.2
1.3
.7
1.0
1.0
1.0
(1)
.6
2.7
17.0
(1)
4.5
.8
65.4
0)
O
2.6
3.5
.1
1.0
12.4
.6
1.8
(1)
.1
1.4
1.4
(1)
1.4
8.5
(1)
2.7
3.5
.1
.9
12.3
.6
1.8
(1)
.1
1.4
1.4
(1)
1.4
8.2
(1)
8.3
(1)
3.2
3.1
.7
Aug.
1994P
83.6
12.1
12.3
25.1
O
(1)
(1)
July
1994
1.7
(1)
(1)
2.4
2.6
(1)
(1)
Aug.
1993
.7
3.2
.7
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
13.4
1.5
4.5
12.4
1.3
4.8
12.7
1.3
4.9
11.8
(1)
1
()
(1)
(1)
(1)
.6
.7
(1)
11.8
(1)
1
()
(1)
(1)
(1)
.6
.7
(1)
160.9
1.1
4.2
2.1
5.1
32.7
47.1
28.0
7.3
166.2
1.3
4.1
2.2
5.3
33.4
52.3
28.6
7.8
167.4
1.2
4.2
2.2
5.5
34.1
52.7
29.0
7.8
3.4
.6
3.6
.6
3.6
.6
126.7
62.3
132.2
63.5
134.2
64.9
23.1
1.7
1.8
.4
1.2
29.0
1.8
1.8
.4
2.2
29.1
1.7
1.8
.4
2.2
35.5
7.3
5.4
3.4
2.2
38.1
7.8
5.2
3.4
2.9
38.3
7.8
5.2
3.5
2.9
(1)
(1)
12.0
0
1
(1)
()
0
(1)
.5
.7
(1)
See footnotes at end of table.
91
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilitiesi
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994*
373.9
20.6
26.5
125.1
369.7
19.6
26.6
123.6
370.0
19.8
26.7
123.8
66.4
10.6
11.3
17.1
67.4
10.2
11.3
17.4
67.8
10.3
11.4
17.4
358.4
51.3
55.0
96.4
363.4
51.3
55.3
97.7
363.4
51.5
55.5
98.1
39.8
4.4
11.2
44.3
4.6
11.8
44.8
4.6
11.8
14.9
1.9
5.6
15.3
2.0
5.7
15.2
1.9
5.7
84.3
13.6
24.1
86.3
14.1
25.3
86.3
14.4
24.6
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
531.2
45.1
54.2
50.5
64.9
93.5
538.8
45.1
53.2
50.9
66.0
96.6
540.4
45.4
53.3
50.6
66.4
96.0
128.0
7.3
7.7
11.2
49.2
32.3
130.0
7.4
7.9
11.1
50.0
32.7
131.0
7.5
8.0
11.2
50.2
32.7
539.5
51.3
40.7
74.4
125.5
128.8
558.8
52.9
41.8
73.0
128.1
133.1
561.3
52.9
41.7
73.8
128.3
133.4
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
991.3
4.0
9.3
59.5
25.4
17.2
13.3
3.8
13.6
221.8
46.3
101.6
8.5
179.6
9.3
1.8
17.0
7.4
13.4
6.5
4.7
47.0
9.9
5.9
11.6
3.2
15.6
7.8
1,002.9
3.8
9.5
62.3
25.0
17.2
13.8
3.9
13.6
222.9
46.1
101.0
8.2
178.7
9.5
1.9
17.2
7.8
13.5
6.5
5.0
48.2
9.9
5.5
11.8
3.3
16.4
8.0
1,003.0
3.8
9.6
62.6
25.0
17.1
13.8
3.9
13.7
222.5
46.5
100.9
8.2
178.6
9.3
1.9
17.1
7.8
13.9
6.4
5.0
47.9
9.9
5.5
11.8
3.2
16.4
7.9
438.9
2.6
5.5
14.7
9.3
2.7
3.9
1.4
6.6
88.4
11.5
57.0
5.0
113.7
2.8
8.3
3.8
5.2
3.6
4.3
2.8
26.7
1.4
2.2
3.1
1.4
3.4
2.5
448.3
2.7
5.8
14.8
9.4
2.6
3.9
1.5
6.3
95.1
11.5
57.6
5.3
115.1
2.7
8.8
3.7
5.2
3.9
4.2
2.8
27.5
1.6
2.0
3.1
1.4
3.5
2.6
450.5
2.7
5.8
15.0
9.4
2.6
4.0
1.5
6.1
95.9
11.5
57.8
5.2
115.2
2.7
8.8
3.6
5.1
4.0
4.3
2.7
27.6
1.5
2.0
3.1
1.4
3.5
2.6
1,820.7
13.0
23.2
93.2
34.0
13.5
23.1
12.6
32.1
371.6
54.4
157.1
18.4
392.2
18.8
16.0
20.2
28.4
32.9
24.0
9.2
141.9
7.8
11.7
17.0
8.2
19.3
12.6
1,876.2
13.0
23.9
99.1
34.8
14.0
24.3
12.8
33.5
390.4
54.9
160.5
18.7
395.8
19.8
16.9
19.8
28.9
34.7
24.4
9.7
147.9
7.9
11.8
17.7
8.6
20.0
12.7
1,887.8
12.9
24.1
99.5
34.6
14.1
24.1
12.6
33.4
393.1
54.9
161.6
18.6
398.4
19.9
16.8
19.8
29.2
34.8
24.6
9.6
147.8
7.9
11.9
17.6
8.6
19.9
12.7
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
112.0
14.2
71.5
115.5
15.4
73.3
116.3
15.7
73.7
48.0
2.2
37.7
49.5
2.2
39.3
49.8
2.2
39.8
194.6
23.8
134.4
201.9
25.5
139.9
203.9
25.8
141.4
43.5
3.5
15.8
42.9
3.5
16.2
43.6
3.6
16.4
11.2
.8
3.9
11.2
.8
3.9
11.2
.8
3.8
61.2
6.1
21.1
61.7
6.3
20.2
61.9
6.1
20.4
Virginia
Bristol
Chariottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
406.4
10.0
7.7
16.2
26.9
68.6
39.3
61.5
18.9
401.6
10.2
7.6
15.2
26.6
65.8
39.5
59.9
19.3
403.1
10.1
7.9
15.8
26.7
65.7
39.5
59.7
19.5
150.5
1.3
2.4
1.1
3.3
29.7
52.9
24.5
8.7
153.8
1.4
2.4
1.2
3.4
30.4
52.2
24.8
8.7
153.8
1.4
2.4
1.2
3.4
30.3
52.3
25.0
8.8
655.2
9.3
14.1
9.0
19.8
144.1
194.4
108.6
33.7
681.2
9.7
14.7
9.5
20.3
147.0
203.5
113.4
35.6
681.1
9.6
14.8
9.5
20.3
148.0
202.9
113.5
35.7
Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
343.8
204.5
334.6
194.9
339.2
195.4
115.7
70.0
120.5
72.6
121.4
71.4
552.3
272.5
557.5
283.3
559.8
284.8
83.3
10.2
17.8
13.0
6.5
81.2
9.8
16.6
13.0
6.1
81.1
10.0
16.9
13.1
5.9
39.1
8.9
6.6
2.6
3.6
39.9
9.3
6.6
2.6
3.8
39.8
9.2
6.5
2.5
3.8
151.5
30.6
28.4
16.4
15.1
155.6
31.3
29.1
17.0
15.3
156.4
31.6
29.3
17.1
15.4
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
See footnotes at end of table.
92
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
67.1
8.2
18.5
14.6
67.5
8.2
18.3
14.8
67.6
8.2
18.3
14.8
339.1
50.9
55.0
85.2
351.3
52.4
56.6
87.9
350.9
52.3
56.5
88.4
280.0
50.4
66.9
49.6
280.7
48.5
67.3
48.1
282.2
48.8
67.4
48.7
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
18.0
1.6
9.0
18.5
1.6
9.5
18.3
1.6
9.4
85.7
13.1
25.2
87.2
13.3
25.2
87.3
13.2
25.0
62.8
6.4
8.5
64.0
6.7
8.8
64.1
6.6
8.7
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
104.8
13.5
5.3
10.5
25.3
30.9
106.7
13.9
5.2
10.7
25.7
31.0
106.8
13.9
5.1
10.8
25.6
31.1
583.9
51.2
40.4
83.5
130.3
163.4
600.7
52.4
37.1
82.9
131.2
167.7
600.9
51.8
37.3
83.0
131.4
167.6
349.0
31.7
24.6
53.1
71.7
69.1
346.7
31.7
26.8
53.2
70.4
69.0
352.7
31.1
26.9
53.4
66.6
72.8
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
431.8
1.8
4.1
25.9
4.6
1.9
3.6
2.3
6.1
126.7
8.4
28.4
5.6
98.2
3.6
2.0
2.7
4.5
4.0
3.7
1.6
40.0
2.1
1.9
3.3
1.6
5.3
2.2
440.3
1.9
4.1
27.0
4.8
1.9
3.7
2.5
6.2
132.7
8.5
29.3
5.7
98.6
3.7
2.1
2.7
4.7
4.3
3.6
1.7
42.1
2.1
1.9
3.3
1.6
5.3
2.2
440.8
1.9
4.2
27.0
4.8
1.8
3.7
2.5
6.2
132.9
8.5
29.4
5.7
98.9
3.7
2.1
2.7
4.7
4.3
3.6
1.6
42.1
2.1
1.9
3.3
1.6
5.3
2.2
1,950.9
15.4
20.4
121.6
39.5
11.8
21.0
12.4
36.0
417.8
48.6
158.0
17.0
483.3
20.7
8.8
17.7
29.0
21.2
19.8
10.7
166.6
9.0
12.8
18.2
8.1
23.1
14.1
2,045.1
15.6
21.2
124.5
40.5
12.3
22.2
13.3
37.2
441.8
50.1
168.6
17.7
497.6
21.7
9.4
19.1
29.2
22.5
20.3
11.3
170.5
9.3
12.9
18.6
8.5
24.0
14.3
2,040.5
15.5
21.2
123.9
40.1
12.5
21.9
13.5
36.5
442.5
50.2
168.6
17.7
495.9
21.6
9.3
19.1
29.1
22.5
20.3
11.2
170.0
9.3
12.9
18.7
8.4
23.9
14.3
1,335.5
9.2
15.9
111.5
21.6
12.4
18.9
22.8
29.9
180.6
45.9
81.2
24.1
218.1
24.2
11.5
10.5
23.7
30.3
15.5
7.4
119.2
4.7
11.2
9.4
5.7
13.8
10.6
1,361.8
9.5
16.6
116.1
22.4
12.4
18.7
23.4
30.0
180.6
47.1
80.4
24.3
222.8
25.0
11.9
10.6
23.7
32.0
15.5
7.3
120.3
4.7
10.7
9.9
5.7
14.0
10.8
1,370.1
9.4
16.7
116.8
22.3
12.5
19.6
22.9
29.8
186.2
45.9
81.6
24.1
224.6
25.3
12.1
10.7
24.0
32.4
15.5
7.4
120.8
4.7
10.8
9.9
5.7
14.1
10.7
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
42.2
3.0
34.5
47.1
3.4
38.1
47.5
3.4
38.4
215.3
41.9
143.9
226.3
44.1
151.1
227.6
44.1
151.7
149.4
15.2
98.5
152.7
15.5
100.6
152.6
15.6
100.2
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
12.2
2.5
4.4
12.2
2.6
4.5
12.2
2.6
4.5
75.1
7.6
24.5
76.8
7.7
26.3
76.2
7.6
26.4
36.3
6.1
11.2
37.1
6.2
12.1
36.8
6.1
11.9
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
160.1
1.1
4.1
1.4
4.1
27.7
53.9
40.2
9.0
166.4
1.1
4.2
1.5
4.5
29.6
56.2
42.7
9.0
167.0
1.1
4.3
1.5
4.5
29.5
56.4
42.7
8.9
808.6
5.8
17.1
8.2
21.3
169.5
309.8
115.3
35.7
848.1
5.6
17.4
8.3
22.5
176.9
327.3
119.8
38.6
850.1
5.6
17.1
8.4
22.7
177.2
328.4
119.6
38.8
566.9
5.1
20.1
5.0
11.8
137.1
167.8
94.8
16.0
577.9
5.0
21.7
5.2
12.2
137.5
171.9
99.6
16.4
571.3
5.0
20.4
5.3
11.9
137.6
169.5
97.8
16.2
Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
122.5
75.6
122.4
75.0
121.7
74.8
585.6
304.1
599.8
309.0
601.2
310.6
398.3
153.2
415.8
160.8
405.3
155.4
25.3
6.5
3.8
2.3
3.0
25.5
6.4
3.6
2.3
3.0
25.5
6.4
3.6
2.3
3.1
168.8
34.4
27.1
15.4
18.6
174.4
34.1
27.5
16.1
19.6
174.0
34.0
27.2
16.1
19.1
126.2
22.3
18.3
10.0
9.2
134.8
22.9
18.8
10.2
10.1
127.5
22.5
18.7
10.2
9.8
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
,
See footnotes at end of table.
93
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Mining
Constructior
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Wausau
2,423.2
175.0
61.2
116.9
61.9
44.4
61.0
241.2
771.1
76.3
54.7
57.3
2,479.1
178.9
62.0
123.4
64.2
44.4
63.1
246.5
783.1
78.9
57.2
58.1
2,480.5
179.3
61.7
123.8
64.2
44.8
63.1
247.6
785.4
78.3
56.8
58.0
Wyoming
Casper
214.1
28.9
216.4
28.8
217.5
28.9
Puerto Rico
860.9
54.5
64.8
69.7
534.2
859.1
55.3
63.0
69.3
534.6
855.0
54.9
62.8
69.8
527.1
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah .
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.
94
50.3
46.1
45.6
Aug.
1993
July
1994
2.6
0
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()
0)
O
(1)
0)
(1)
.5
()
109.6
10.2
2.8
7.0
3.1
2.0
2.4
11.6
32.3
3.6
2.9
2.3
18.4
2.2
14.4
1.6
14.4
1.7
14.5
1.7
.9
47.2
1.5
3.1
5.1
34.2
43.0
1.3
2.7
4.1
32.0
43.1
1.3
2.7
4.3
31.8
6.3
2.3
2.2
o
(1)
.9
O
0
0
1
()
Aug.
1994"
109.4
10.3
2.8
6.9
3.2
2.0
2.4
11.6
32.1
3.5
2.9
2.2
0
(1)
(1)
(1)
O
18.2
2.2
.9
July
1994
102.9
10.3
2.5
6.0
2.5
1.9
2.2
10.7
30.0
3.0
2.2
2.2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
O
0)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
Aug.
1993
2.7
2.7
(1)
(1)
(1)
18.1
2.3
1
Aug.
1994P
(1)
(1)
(1)
.5
.5
1
()
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
Ipublic utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
Aug.
1993
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah .
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
,
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
Virgin Islands
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
572.3
57.2
10.3
26.0
18.8
10.0
11.1
27.2
166.9
23.1
23.0
16.3
583.8
59.1
10.5
26.3
18.6
9.2
11.4
28.3
170.6
24.5
24.2
16.2
584.9
59.2
10.4
26.2
19.2
9.9
11.5
28.2
170.6
23.8
24.2
16.0
111.5
6.9
3.3
8.5
2.2
1.6
2.8
7.9
36.2
2.6
1.8
3.7
111.8
7.0
3.2
8.9
2.5
1.7
2.8
7.7
36.1
2.5
1.7
3.9
111.8
7.0
3.2
8.9
2.5
1.6
2.8
7.8
36.4
2.5
1.7
3.9
563.0
37.3
16.9
28.1
14.8
12.9
16.7
52.6
172.2
16.9
10.0
13.7
569.2
36.7
17.1
29.0
14.9
13.0
16.6
54.0
172.6
16.7
9.9
13.9
573.4
37.2
17.3
29.5
14.9
13.2
16.7
54.3
174.1
16.8
10.0
14.1
9.7
1.6
10.0
1.6
10.0
1.6
14.7
1.6
14.4
1.6
14.4
1.5
51.4
8.4
52.1
8.3
52.3
8.4
148.3
14.2
19.4
12.0
66.3
148.8
13.6
18.6
11.4
67.6
150.1
13.6
18.7
11.3
67.9
20.6
.5
.5
1.7
15.9
20.6
.6
.5
1.7
14.9
20.6
.5
.5
1.7
14.7
164.3
11.9
10.3
12.0
109.5
165.3
12.4
10.2
11.7
109.8
164.5
12.3
10.1
11.5
105.6
2.9
3.0
3.0
2.6
2.7
2.5
11.1
10.6
10.6
See footnotes at end of table.
95
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1993
Aug.
1994"
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
,
,
,
,
Combined with construction.
Not available.
= preliminary.
96
132.0
8.8
2.2
7.7
1.9
1.6
2.2
21.2
53.1
2.4
2.1
4.4
134.7
9.0
2.1
8.2
2.0
1.3
2.4
21.0
54.8
2.4
2.0
4.5
134.6
9.0
2.2
8.0
2.0
1.3
2.4
21.0
54.9
2.4
2.0
4.5
605.5
37.1
15.1
29.3
14.7
10.6
17.9
56.9
230.1
19.6
10.4
11.1
625.9
38.7
15.8
31.9
15.1
10.8
19.0
59.1
235.3
20.3
10.5
10.9
627.4
38.9
15.8
32.4
15.0
10.8
19.0
59.5
235.4
20.5
10.4
11.0
333.3
17.5
10.8
11.3
341.5
18.3
10.4
12.2
6.9
5.9
7.9
6.3
8.1
64.6
82.6
8.6
5.2
8.5
64.7
81.6
6.0
5.9
6.4
8.2
65.2
81.6
8.7
5.7
6.2
7.9
1.2
7.9
1.2
7.9
1.1
48.2
7.5
49.1
7.6
48.9
7.4
49.7
4.7
50.3
4.6
51.1
5.0
38.9
1.3
1.5
1.8
30.8
40.4
1.4
1.5
2.0
39.8
1.5
1.4
2.0
146.3
9.1
145.6
289.8
16.6
20.2
24.4
31.9
31.6
13.1
99.5
150.3
9.4
9.3
14.0
176.3
290.4
16.5
20.2
25.2
176.5
2.2
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah ..
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
,
Sheboygan
Wausau
,
2.1
2.0
10.4
14.9
14.9
9.2
101.6
13.8
98.5
294.4
16.0
20.8
24.0
177.5
10.5
10.4
14.8
9.2
9.2
9.0
336.1
17.8
10.0
11.7
7.6
6.0
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1993 benchmarks.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Average overtime hours
Sept.
1994P
35.1
Mining
34.5
34.9
35.0
44.5
44.9
45.1
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
34.8
44.9
Total private
Aug.
1993
45.4
Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores
10
101
102
42.6
41.3
44.1
43.7
42.5
46.6
44.2
45.0
45.9
43.6
44.7
45.8
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining
12
122
44.7
44.8
44.4
44.5
42.7
42.6
45.4
45.4
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services
13
131
138
44.4
42.8
45.3
43.7
42.3
44.5
44.7
42.2
46.2
44.2
41.2
46.1
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
14
142
47.7
49.3
47.2
48.5
48.2
49.3
47.9
49.8
39.6
38.3
39.7
39.8
15
152
153
154
38.5
37.9
38.9
39.1
37.4
37.3
38.2
37.5
38.6
37.9
38.5
39.3
38.8
37.6
39.2
39.8
16
161
162
44.0
46.8
42.6
42.2
44.3
41.0
43.7
46.0
42.4
44.4
46.8
43.1
17
38.8
39.8
37.6
40.1
36.1
36.8
36.6
37.6
38.8
36.5
38.5
34.9
35.9
34.8
39.1
40.5
37.5
40.1
36.6
36.2
36.4
38.9
39.9
37.8
40.3
36.4
36.4
36.7
41.5
41.5
41.6
42.0
42.3
4.3
4.5
4.5
4.9
5.1
42.1
42.1
42.2
42.7
43.0
4.4
4.5
4.7
5.1
5.3
Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work
171
172
173
174
175
176
Durable goods
40.0
Lumber and wood products
Logging
,
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
41.2
41.3
42.3
42.6
40.9
41.1
40.2
41.0
41.2
42.8
39.1
41.4
41.6
40.4
41.3
41.9
42.6
42.9
41.4
40.7
40.6
40.7
40.5
41.1
39.5
40.8
41.1
40.7
41.0
40.2
41.8
42.5
39.2
40.9
40.2
41.3
40.4
41.1
39.3
42.2
42.5
40.0
41.7
41.6
42.8
43.4
40.9
41.5
40.7
41.8
42.0
43.3
40.1
42.2
41.9
40.6
41.6
4.4
6.1
5.0
5.4
3.5
4.0
3.0
4.2
4.5
5.0
3.2
4.4
4.5
3.2
4.4
6.0
5.0
5.3
3.9
3.9
3.5
3.7
4.4
4.6
3.4
4.2
4.4
3.7
4.7
6.5
5.0
5.4
3.5
4.4
3.2
4.9
4.1
5.8
3.5
4.9
5.0
3.5
4.8
6.9
5.3
5.7
3.7
4.5
3.5
4.8
4.6
5.8
3.6
4.7
4.6
3.7
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
40.7
39.5
39.9
38.5
41.0
40.7
42.5
43.3
42.3
41.4
40.2
39.6
39.6
39.1
40.8
41.5
39.3
41.8
41.8
41.2
40.2
38.8
39.5
37.5
39.1
39.2
41.8
42.4
43.3
40.0
40.7
39.6
40.1
38.1
40.3
41.4
42.0
42.8
42.7
40.5
41.2
3.5
2.6
2.7
2.1
3.2
3.8
4.4
5.7
5.2
3.2
3.5
2.9
2.8
2.3
3.6
4.8
4.1
3.9
5.1
3.4
3.5
2.5
2.4
1.7
3.5
3.9
4.2
5.0
6.0
3.2
3.6
2.8
2.8
2.0
3.5
4.5
4.3
5.2
5.9
3.1
See footnotes at end of table.
98
259
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
Industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
$10.78 $10.91 $11.04 $11.04 $11.20 $378.38 $376.40 $385.30 $386.40 $389.76
Total private
14.44
14.54
14.73
14.71
14.86 648.36
647.03
661.38
663.42
674.64
Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores
10
101
102
15.13
15.80
14.04
15.45
16.78
14.15
16.04
17.37
14.33
16.05
17.52
14.18
644.54
652.54
619.16
675.17
713.15
659.39
708.97
781.65
657.75
699.78
783.14
649.44
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining
12
122
17.12
17.33
17.10
17.30
17.53
17.72
17.53
17.72
765.26
776.38
759.24
769.85
748.53
754.87
795.86
804.49
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services
13
138
14.03
17.06
12.31
14.10
17.28
12.35
13.97
18.07
11.73
13.85
17.87
11.69
622.93
730.17
557.64
616.17
730.94
549.58
624.46
762.55
541.93
612.17
736.24
538.91
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
14
142
12.81
12.25
12.93
12.20
13.16
12.61
13.15
12.68
611.04
603.93
610.30
591.70
634.31
621.67
629.89
631.46
14.45
14.52
14.72
14.77
14.93 572.22
556.12
584.38
587.85
15
152
153
154
13.62
12.57
13.38
14.59
13.70
12.68
13.32
14.67
13.82
12.54
13.33
15.05
13.93
12.74
13.33
15.03
524.37
476.40
520.48
570.47
512.38
472.96
508.82
550.13
533.45
475.27
513.21
591.47
540.48
479.02
522.54
598.19
16
161
162
14.27
14.40
14.20
14.41
14.55
14.34
14.56
14.86
14.39
14.65
14.81
14.55
627.88
673.92
604.92
608.10
644.57
587.94
636.27
683.56
610.14
650.46
693.11
627.11
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
14.79
15.13
13.63
15.98
14.85
14.62
12.95
14.84
15.13
13.61
15.90
15.05
14.65
12.97
15.07
15.33
13.86
16.38
15.23
14.85
13.26
15.09
15.33
13.74
16.35
15.22
14.99
13.31
573.85
602.17
512.49
640.80
536.09
538.02
473.97
557.98
587.04
496.77
612.15
525.25
525.94
451.36
589.24
620.87
519.75
656.84
557.42
537.57
482.66
587.00
611.67
519.37
658.91
554.01
545.64
488.48
11.70
11.85
12.04
12.00
12.13 485.55
491.78
500.86
504.00
513.10
12.29
12.44
12.62
12.62
12.76 517.41
523.72
532.56
538.87
548.68
Crushed and broken stone
131
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work
Manufacturing
Durable goods
597.20
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
9.67
11.46
9.78
10.15
8.24
9.71
9.91
9.08
8.45
11.59
7.06
9.42
9.46
9.10
9.73
11.64
9.81
10.18
8.29
9.72
10.03
9.01
8.49
11.67
7.11
9.45
9.49
9.19
9.86
11.54
10.11
10.43
8.76
9.85
9.95
9.40
8.64
11.86
7.39
9.70
9.72
9.27
9.87
11.59
10.03
10.37
8.61
9.93
10.21
9.23
8.66
11.87
7.44
9.67
9.72
9.19
9.94 398.40
473.30
413.69
432.39
337.02
399.08
398.38
372.28
348.14
496.05
276.05
389.99
393.54
367.64
401.85
487.72
417.91
436.72
343.21
395.60
407.22
366.71
343.85
479.64
280.85
385.56
390.04
374.03
404.26
463.91
422.60
443.28
343.39
402.87
399.99
388.22
349.06
487.45
290.43
409.34
413.10
370.80
411.58
482.14
429.28
450.06
352.15
412.10
415.55
385.81
363.72
513.97
298.34
408.07
407.27
373.11
413.50
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259
9.33
8.78
8.21
9.50
8.94
9.28
10.10
9.47
10.67
9.47
9.40
8.86
8.32
9.51
8.93
9.41
10.06
9.59
10.79
9.58
9.55
9.00
8.48
9.68
8.92
9.67
10.37
9.46
10.79
9.74
9.56
9.01
8.45
9.77
8.96
9.53
10.36
9.63
10.84
9.73
9.70 379.73
346.81
327.58
365.75
366.54
377.70
429.25
410.05
451.34
392.06
377.88
350.86
329.47
371.84
364.34
390.52
395.36
400.86
451.02
394.70
383.91
349.20
334.96
363.00
348.77
379.06
433.47
401.10
467.21
389.60
389.09
356.80
338.85
372.24
361.09
394.54
435.12
412.16
462.87
394.07
399.64
See footnotes at end of table.
99
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries
1987
SIC
Code
32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365
34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws ... 3423,5
Hardware, nee
, 3429
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
, 344
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
3451
Screw machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products
See footnotes at end of table.
100
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
Average weekly hours
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994 P
Average overtime hours
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994 P
43.4
46.8
42.7
43.7
41.7
42.1
41.8
41.3
41.6
45.3
46.3
43.8
45.8
42.6
41.9
41.4
43.3
47.9
42.9
43.2
42.7
42.3
43.8
40.5
40.6
44.7
46.3
43.9
44.6
43.2
43.2
39.9
43.8
46.8
43.1
44.1
42.2
41.1
42.5
41.9
40.7
46.2
47.4
45.2
46.5
42.8
42.3
42.2
44.1
48.7
43.1
44.0
42.4
43.3
42.0
42.0
40.8
46.2
46.9
44.5
46.9
42.7
42.5
41.0
44.2
5.9
9.1
4.8
6.2
3.5
4.0
3.8
3.8
4.0
8.3
8.4
6.4
9.3
4.9
3.6
6.3
5.8
9.2
5.3
6.8
3.9
4.1
4.5
3.8
4.3
7.4
7.9
5.9
7.9
5.1
3.9
6.0
6.1
7.2
4.5
5.7
3.5
3.3
4.1
4.8
4.3
8.7
8.7
7.3
9.5
5.1
4.0
5.1
6.4
10.1
4.7
5.9
3.7
4.2
4.4
5.0
4.3
8.9
8.7
7.3
10.0
5.1
4.1
3.3
43.4
44.0
44.3
42.8
44.0
44.8
41.7
42.4
42.1
41.6
43.8
43.7
44.8
43.3
40.8
41.4
43.7
44.3
44.8
42.6
44.3
45.2
41.6
42.3
43.7
42.5
43.5
43.5
44.5
43.4
41.3
40.6
44.4
45.3
45.7
43.6
44.7
45.4
44.7
42.5
43.0
42.2
44.6
46.4
46.3
43.1
42.4
41.6
44.4
45.0
45.4
43.7
45.4
46.1
47.1
43.0
42.3
42.1
44.5
44.8
45.3
43.8
42.5
40.9
44.9
45.4
5.7
5.8
6.0
4.9
6.0
6.8
6.2
4.6
5.2
5.0
6.5
6.7
7.5
6.2
3.9
4.4
5.9
5.9
6.2
4.7
6.3
7.1
8.1
4.6
5.7
5.0
6.7
7.3
7.9
6.3
4.4
4.5
6.5
6.8
7.0
5.6
7.2
8.3
6.7
5.5
5.1
5.0
7.2
9.2
7.3
6.2
4.7
4.5
6.7
6.8
7.1
5.8
8.0
9.2
7.2
6.0
5.4
5.5
6.9
8.0
7.3
6.2
5.2
4.7
42.1
44.3
44.0
41.6
41.3
41.4
41.9
40.6
42.1
41.9
42.9
40.6
42.7
41.1
41.8
41.9
41.8
42.1
43.1
41.9
44.1
42.2
40.8
40.3
41.5
42.0
42.1
42.2
42.8
41.6
41.7
44.2
43.9
40.7
40.6
40.6
41.1
40.3
41.5
41.4
42.0
40.4
41.9
40.9
41.0
41.6
41.5
41.8
43.3
42.3
44.5
41.9
40.1
39.8
40.7
41.4
40.9
41.8
41.3
41.5
42.0
44.5
44.1
41.5
42.0
40.9
41.3
41.6
40.8
42.2
43.0
40.9
42.5
41.9
41.9
42.0
41.9
42.1
42.5
42.6
42.6
42.1
41.0
40.6
41.7
40.9
39.9
42.0
42.8
41.3
42.8
44.3
43.9
42.5
42.4
42.2
42.3
41.7
43.1
42.4
43.6
41.2
41.8
42.0
42.4
42.9
42.6
43.1
44.7
42.9
46.3
42.9
41.5
41.5
41.6
42.3
41.8
42.6
42.1
42.0
43.1
4.4
6.4
6.4
3.6
3.4
3.5
4.2
2.6
4.4
4.6
5.1
4.0
5.0
4.0
4.3
4.6
4.3
4.9
4.8
4.4
5.3
4.0
3.7
3.4
4.2
3.5
3.2
4.0
4.3
3.6
4.5
6.4
6.5
3.6
3.0
4.0
4.0
2.4
4.4
4.5
5.1
4.0
4.8
4.0
3.7
4.6
4.3
5.0
5.5
4.8
6.5
4.3
3.6
3.2
4.3
3.4
2.4
4.2
3.7
3.8
4.7
7.3
6.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
4.3
4.4
3.2
5.0
5.8
4.1
5.0
4.7
4.7
5.0
4.7
5.3
4.9
5.7
4.8
4.5
4.3
3.8
5.0
4.2
3.1
4.4
4.7
3.8
5.2
7.4
7.0
4.5
4.6
4.5
4.5
3.8
4.9
5.2
6.3
4.3
4.6
4.8
5.1
5.5
5.2
5.8
6.2
5.6
7.0
5.2
4.4
4.2
4.8
4.7
3.3
4.6
4.9
4.1
Sept.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365
14.00
16.40
17.56
12.64
12.41
12.95
12.88
11.58
15.33
15.55
13.21
12.81
15.61
13.28
11.11
10.68
14.20
16.57
17.74
12.76
12.78
13.33
14.98
11.73
15.48
15.66
13.39
13.10
16.22
13.35
11.34
10.94
14.39
16.94
18.25
13.10
13.24
14.12
14.77
11.98
15.54
15.58
13.44
13.42
15.58
13.54
11.28
10.44
14.29
16.88
18.12
13.28
13.19
14.03
14.35
11.91
15.58
15.63
13.28
13.22
15.57
13.31
11.36
10.67
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products
34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
11.67
15.21
16.27
11.49
10.92
11.42
10.58
9.93
10.82
10.92
10.78
9.29
12.40
11.13
10.07
11.48
10.74
12.30
13.92
13.53
15.95
11.09
9.63
9.67
9.57
13.52
13.79
10.87
11.29
9.76
11.81
15.35
16.44
11.65
10.98
11.71
10.67
10.06
10.81
10.96
10.78
9.24
12.51
11.18
10.14
11.56
10.79
12.43
14.30
13.65
16.53
11.26
9.69
9.74
9.60
13.78
14.13
10.95
11.32
9.71
11.86
15.59
16.66
11.84
11.09
11.85
10.60
9.85
10.82
11.01
11.12
9.35
12.32
11.30
10.06
11.74
11.06
12.52
14.26
13.86
16.67
11.25
9.85
9.83
9.87
14.02
14.65
11.17
11.45
9.92
11.88
15.56
16.64
11.84
11.11
11.86
10.59
9.85
10.95
11.00
11.18
9.24
12.33
11.30
10.12
11.67
10.96
12.47
14.27
13.84
16.46
11.24
9.80
9.77
9.84
14.04
14.58
11.17
11.51
9.86
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
$520.90
882.32
581.72
610.42
556.38
433.58
675.40
424.04
422.65
514.50
497.26
454.80
540.55
541.73
462.24
559.40
$532.61 $537.14 $544.10
844.27 902.41
626.67
588.60
533.32
457.73
615.82
14.36 607.60
16.93 721.60
777.91
540.99
546.04
580.16
537.10
490.99
645.39
646.88
578.60
559.80
699.33
575.02
453.29
442.15
620.54
734.05
794.75
543.58
566.15
602.52
623.17
496.18
676.48
665.55
582.47
569.85
721.79
579.39
468.34
444.16
638.92
767.38
834.03
571.16
591.83
641.05
660.22
509.15
668.22
657.48
599.42
622.69
721.35
583.57
478.27
434.30
634.48
759.60
822.65
580.34
598.83
646.78
675.89
512.13
659.03
658.02
590.96
592.26
705.32
582.98
482.80
436.40
644.76
768.62
12.03 491.31
492.48
678.47
721.72
474.16
445.79
475.43
438.54
405.42
448.62
453.74
452.76
373.30
524.17
457.26
415.74
480.90
447.79
519.57
619.19
577.40
735.59
471.79
388.57
387.65
390.72
570.49
577.92
457.71
467.52
402.97
498.12
693.76
734.71
491.36
465.78
484.67
437.78
409.76
441.46
464.62
478.16
382.42
523.60
473.47
421.51
493.08
463.41
527.09
606.05
590.44
710.14
473.63
403.85
399.10
411.58
573.42
584.54
469.14
490.06
409.70
508.46
689.31
730.50
503.20
471.06
500.49
447.96
410.75
471.95
466.40
487.45
380.69
515.39
474.60
429.09
500.64
466.90
537.46
637.87
593.74
762.10
482.20
406.70
405.46
409.34
593.89
609.44
475.84
484.57
414.12
518.49
$11.89 $12.03 $12.16 $12.18 $12.31 $516.03
17.60
18.53
18.04
18.42
823.68
13.39
13.69
13.76
13.56
571.75
13.88
14.21
14.24
14.13
606.56
12.90
13.22
13.31
13.03
537.93
10.21
10.49
10.47
10.25
429.84
14.84
15.44
15.40
15.42
620.31
10.35
10.85
10.79
10.47
427.46
10.21
10.53
10.51
10.41
424.74
11.51
11.83
11.78
11.51
521.40
10.87
11.13
11.10
10.74
503.28
10.32
10.54
10.42
10.36
452.02
12.16
12.55
12.56
12.12
556.93
12.38
12.49
12.49
12.54
527.39
10.57
10.77
10.70
10.70
442.88
13.80
15.02
14.85
14.02
571.32
673.80
715.88
477.98
451.00
472.79
443.30
403.16
455.52
457.55
462.46
377.17
529.48
457.44
420.93
481.01
448.93
517.83
599.95
566.91
703.40
468.00
392.90
389.70
397.16
567.84
580.56
458.71
483.21
406.02
593.06
627.98
561.68
430.32
654.50
452.10
427.76
544.24
526.14
470.98
584.04
534.57
452.61
590.04
625.24
560.53
454.22
648.48
455.70
429.62
546.55
522.00
469.03
See footnotes at end of table.
101
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
Industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tods, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
See footnotes at end of table.
102
1987
SIC
Code
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571
3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
Average weekly hours
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
42.6
43.5
43.0
43.7
42.8
42.9
43.8
43.7
40.7
47.1
43.6
41.2
43.0
42.3
42.2
43.6
42.1
43.1
42.4
41.6
40.7
43.0
42.4
43.3
42.5
42.5
41.9
42.3
42.4
42.3
42.4
42.6
44.8
45.4
44.5
41.5
42.9
43.7
43.5
42.1
46.8
43.7
41.7
42.8
42.5
43.4
43.3
41.9
42.4
42.5
41.5
42.3
42.4
42.3
43.4
42.1
42.1
40.7
43.3
42.2
42.2
43.1
43.1
44.5
42.5
45.3
42.5
42.7
43.6
42.3
44.2
46.1
44.0
42.6
43.7
44.5
43.9
44.2
42.8
43.1
42.4
40.8
41.8
43.0
43.4
43.2
44.0
44.6
42.9
42.3
43.6
41.8
42.3
43.1
43.9
41.9
44.7
41.4
41.4
43.4
41.9
44.0
46.6
42.7
42.8
43.8
44.5
43.8
44.1
43.1
43.7
43.0
41.8
41.8
42.6
43.6
43.8
44.9
44.1
43.7
42.2
43.2
41.9
42.5
41.5
41.5
41.5
42.1
42.1
42.1
42.0
42.1
42.5
42.2
42.4
42.2
41.6
43.8
45.2
42.5
41.1
42.6
41.7
41.1
41.4
40.8
41.7
41.9
40.8
40.8
41.6
40.8
41.5
41.4
44.3
40.2
41.6
40.1
41.2
40.2
43.2
44.1
41.2
41.6
42.2
40.4
42.9
44.8
43.3
41.5
42.0
41.3
42.7
43.1
43.6
42.4
41.3
44.9
38.6
41.1
41.2
43.8
41.0
42.2
37.2
39.9
39.0
41.8
43.8
41.2
41.5
41.5
40.7
42.1
42.9
42.0
41.9
41.1
40.4
41.8
42.0
42.4
40.8
42.2
45.0
42.9
41.0
42.1
45.5
40.8
43.6
39.2
41.4
40.8
42.2
43.7
41.6
42.7
41.8
41.4
43.0
44.8
43.7
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
43.5
42.1
4.6
4.9
5.2
4.8
4.2
4.7
5.0
4.4
4.0
6.5
5.8
3.9
5.2
4.4
4.2
6.2
3.6
4.5
4.8
4.4
4.1
5.2
4.5
4.6
5.3
4.0
4.6
5.3
4.1
3.3
3.4
4.8
5.6
7.6
4.7
4.5
5.2
5.0
4.5
4.8
6.4
6.0
4.1
5.3
4.6
4.6
6.0
3.8
4.8
5.0
3.7
5.6
4.9
4.5
5.0
5.3
3.8
3.5
5.4
4.6
3.5
3.8
5.2
5.5
3.6
6.3
4.4
4.6
5.5
5.2
4.9
6.8
5.8
5.3
5.9
5.8
5.7
6.6
4.6
4.9
5.0
3.4
5.0
5.4
5.3
5.0
6.5
5.1
4.9
6.3
5.3
3.3
3.2
5.4
5.7
4.4
6.2
4.2
4.7
5.7
5.4
5.1
7.5
5.7
5.0
6.2
6.3
6.0
6.7
4.8
5.3
5.3
3.9
5.1
4.9
5.5
5.3
7.4
5.2
5.2
5.7
5.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
4.8
5.1
4.6
4.5
4.7
39.7
42.7
43.2
43.1
42.9
43.2
41.7
41.3
41.3
41.4
41.8
41.6
41.8
40.5
41.6
39.3
41.1
41.3
43.4
40.0
41.0
40.1
42.2
41.3
43.4
44.6
41.2
42.0
42.1
40.1
42.5
43.8
43.0
Average overtime hours
3.9
4.7
5.2
4.8
5.1
4.8
3.6
5.7
6.3
5.1
5.9
5.1
3.5
5.3
5.7
5.6
6.2
5.6
3.8
3.9
4.1
3.7
3.1
3.0
2.9
2.9
2.6
2.4
3.9
3.7
4.3
3.0
2.8
3.2
4.7
3.8
3.5
3.2
4.0
4.2
5.0
3.1
4.6
5.1
4.9
4.0
4.0
4.2
3.8
3.4
3.5
3.0
3.3
2.8
2.2
4.4
3.8
4.5
3.1
3.8
3.6
4.3
3.6
4.1
3.9
4.1
4.8
4.9
3.4
5.1
6.8
5.1
4.1
4.4
3.8
4.9
5.0
5.4
4.2
3.4
4.9
2.6
3.1
3.7
4.8
4.1
3.3
2.0
4.1
3.1
3.5
4.1
4.3
4.7
4.6
3.9
4.4
5.6
4.1
4.4
4.1
3.8
4.5
4.4
4.8
3.5
4.5
5.3
6.4
3.7
4.3
5.5
3.8
4.1
3.1
4.9
4.1
4.0
4.4
4.3
4.6
4.6
4.0
5.1
6.9
5.3
Sept.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
Industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
1987
SIC
Code
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
$12.74 $12.83 $12.93 $12.91 $12.98 $542.72
698.18
16.08
16.05
16.24
16.20
17.06
16.75
720.25
17.35
17.09
15.69
15.75
688.28
15.80
15.81
12.73
12.11
518.31
12.13
12.32
12.97
556.41
12.90
13.19 13.57
12.77
12.91
12.72
13.02
565.46
13.86
14.31
13.78
14.44
625.35
13.49
13.21
13.53
13.36
537.65
11.88
11.99
11.77
12.12
564.73
12.19
11.92
12.18
11.93
519.71
11.31
11.21
11.40
11.28
461.85
13.62
13.28
13.57
13.43
571.04
13.97
13.54
13.93
13.65
572.74
13.71
13.39
13.66
13.53
565.06
14.19
13.89
14.10
14.06
605.60
11.91
11.66 11.72
11.92
490.89
11.24
10.94
11.32
11.03
471.51
13.44
13.11
13.38
13.27
555.86
11.54
11.30
11.54
11.34
470.08
15.47
14.71
15.42
15.18
598.70
13.12
12.80
13.04
12.97
550.40
12.72
12.45
12.71
12.60
527.88
13.63
13.36
13.74
13.60
578.49
14.32
13.65
14.23
13.92
580.13
12.97
12.39
12.99
12.61
526.58
10.60
10.51
10.48
10.52
440.37
13.41
13.36
13.43
13.54
565.13
12.62
12.31
12.66
12.55
521.94
13.02
12.75
13.07
12.68
539.33
14.09
14.13
14.14
13.73
599.11
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
$546.56 $557.28 $556.42 $564.63
725.76 715.56 712.94
775.89 725.05 726.97
703.55 710.76 706.26
541.03
502.18
568.97
579.44
556.77
534.06
552.05
628.14
586.28
577.38
562.46
567.22
521.34
596.26
547.67
536.36
470.38
574.80
580.13
587.20
608.80
491.07
481.81
467.67
484.44
569.86
470.83
511.28
565.85
563.98
470.61
642.11
549.93
532.98
590.24
586.03
530.88
428.16
586.28
529.61
535.10
591.76
595.19
621.67
601.87
627.20
509.75
646.65
564.16
552.05
588.82
630.08
578.46
454.74
567.24
550.23
544.24
595.32
548.48
520.09
487.92
594.37
619.89
598.31
621.81
513.75
494.68
575.34
482.37
644.56
555.50
554.16
601.81
638.93
572.86
457.98
566.75
546.91
596.01
547.63
600.95
3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9
12.43
11.53
11.70
12.16
13.05
11.85
12.65
11.49
11.61
12.22
13.23
11.90
12.82
11.45
11.58
12.40
13.24
12.11
12.87
11.61
11.78
12.42
13.30
12.13
515.85
478.50
485.55
511.94
549.41
498.89
531.30
483.73
493.43
515.68
560.95
502.18
533.31
501.51
523.42
527.00
544.16
515.89
510.94
495.75
508.90
535.30
570.57
524.02
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
11.26
11.16
10.64
11.71
10.76
9.93
12.17
10.44
11.42
12.66
8.28
10.97
11.72
10.88
10.56
8.30
10.93
11.30
11.61
12.43
11.27
13.08
14.59
9.50
12.59
13.72
13.23
11.32
11.27
10.90
11.67
10.73
9.90
12.22
10.42
11.40
12.50
8.35
10.92
11.65
10.83
10.65
8.32
11.13
11.64
11.76
12.72
11.29
13.40
14.52
9.53
12.81
14.51
13.28
11.57
11.28
10.78
11.80
11.00
10.20
12.66
11.04
11.64
13.68
8.71
11.30
11.84
11.32
10.46
8.41
11.29
11.58
12.38
13.91
11.45
13.59
14.61
9.71
12.74
14.28
13.29
11.55
11.27
10.71
11.84
10.91
10.15
12.49
11.11
11.44
13.73
8.78
11.18
11.69
11.17
10.46
8.53
11.41
11.96
12.49
14.13
11.31
13.57
14.31
9.65
12.86
14.48
13.29
11.60 469.54
460.91
439.43
484.79
449.77
413.09
508.71
422.82
475.07
497.54
340.31
453.06
508.65
435.20
432.96
332.83
461.25
466.69
503.87
554.38
464.32
549.36
614.24
380.95
535.08
600.94
568.89
472.04
463.20
451.26
476.14
447.44
414.81
498.58
425.14
474.24
510.00
346.53
452.09
516.10
435.37
443.04
333.63
458.56
467.93
508.03
560.95
465.15
557.44
612.74
385.01
549.55
650.05
575.02
480.16
473.76
445.21
503.86
474.10
444.72
536.78
455.95
522.64
528.05
357.98
465.56
518.59
464.12
441.41
312.85
450.47
451.62
517.48
609.26
471.74
563.99
606.32
395.20
536.35
612.61
558.18
483.95
463.20
432.68
494.91
458.22
430.36
509.59
468.84
514.80
589.02
359.98
470.68
531.90
455.74
456.06
334.38
472.37
487.97
527.08
617.48
470.50
579.44
598.16
399.51
552.98
648.70
580.77
488.36
See footnotes at end of table.
103
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
1987
SIC
Code
37
371
3711
3713
3714
Average weekly hours
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994 P
Average overtime hours
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
44.7
46.5
4.7
5.7
5.6
4.6
6.1
4.2
4.0
3.7
5.0
3.8
2.5
2.3
2.9
3.6
2.9
3.2
2.9
2.1
5.1
6.3
6.4
5.9
6.5
5.1
4.1
3.8
5.0
3.9
2.3
2.2
2.5
3.5
3.1
3.5
3.3
2.2
4.8
5.4
6.2
5.6
5.0
5.5
4.5
4.1
5.3
4.7
3.2
2.9
3.6
4.4
3.2
3.1
3.0
2.9
6.0
7.3
8.1
5.7
7.3
4.9
4.6
4.3
5.2
4.7
3.0
2.8
3.5
6.5
3.3
3.3
2.8
2.2
July
1994
Aug.
1994 P
43.1
44.6
45.2
44.0
44.5
42.6
41.6
41.2
43.2
41.2
39.8
40.1
39.2
42.1
41.6
42.6
40.4
39.1
42.5
43.2
44.9
43.1
42.2
43.5
41.6
39.8
44.6
42.5
40.8
41.7
39.2
44.4
42.5
43.1
39.5
39.5
44.0
45.6
47.0
43.7
45.2
43.4
41.6
40.4
42.7
42.9
40.7
41.1
40.0
46.9
379
3792
42.8
44.1
43.7
44.0
44.5
43.3
41.5
40.5
43.5
41.8
39.7
40.0
39.2
42.3
41.2
42.0
40.1
39.3
Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387
40.7
40.1
40.9
39.8
41.4
41.3
40.7
41.3
39.9
40.2
41.0
43.4
40.9
40.6
41.1
40.6
41.4
41.7
40.8
41.1
40.5
39.8
41.9
42.9
41.4
40.7
42.1
42.4
42.9
41.1
40.8
40.6
40.9
38.7
43.3
41.3
41.5
40.2
42.5
42.9
43.2
42.1
41.1
41.1
41.2
39.1
43.0
43.0
41.8
2.7
2.0
2.6
2.8
2.2
2.2
2.8
2.9
2.6
3.0
4.2
3.5
2.8
2.2
2.6
3.4
2.2
2.2
2.9
3.0
2.7
2.8
4.5
3.2
3.2
2.1
3.1
3.8
3.0
2.0
3.2
3.0
3.4
1.9
5.4
3.7
3.3
2.4
3.4
4.1
3.2
2.6
3.2
3.0
3.5
2.4
4.8
4.4
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties
39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
39.8
37.8
37.2
39.3
39.9
38.5
40.9
40.4
40.2
39.5
40.1
40.3
39.9
38.7
38.0
39.9
40.0
38.9
40.8
40.2
40.1
40.0
40.2
40.9
39.5
37.9
37.5
37.6
39.8
38.0
40.8
40.7
38.4
38.3
39.9
41.4
39.9
38.6
38.6
40.3
40.2
39.4
40.7
39.2
39.1
38.4
40.5
41.3
40.1
2.9
1.8
1.6
1.7
3.0
2.1
3.7
2.9
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.1
2.5
2.4
1.8
3.0
2.8
3.1
3.0
3.4
3.7
3.5
3.7
2.8
2.0
2.1
2.4
3.0
2.3
3.3
2.6
2.1
1.8
3.1
3.6
3.0
2.5
2.5
2.6
3.1
2.9
3.3
2.2
2.8
2.6
3.4
3.9
40.7
40.9
40.8
41.1
41.4
4.2
4.5
4.3
4.5
41.2
40.5
41.6
42.4
39.2
41.7
40.4
42.1
41.0
44.8
41.9
39.8
44.7
47.3
43.0
41.4
40.8
42.2
42.6
39.3
42.2
41.2
43.1
41.6
46.3
42.6
39.7
45.3
47.5
43.2
41.6
41.3
43.0
43.2
39.7
42.6
41.5
42.7
41.0
42.1
41.7
40.8
45.0
44.9
44.5
41.9
41.5
42.7
42.9
40.3
41.8
40.4
42.2
42.6
42.5
44.1
40.6
45.6
46.0
44.7
42.5
5.2
4.3
4.9
5.7
3.5
4.4
3.5
4.5
6.2
6.5
7.2
5.4
6.8
7.3
6.1
5.4
4.4
5.3
5.8
3.3
5.0
4.6
5.2
6.5
7.2
7.5
5.1
8.1
7.8
6.8
5.4
4.8
5.6
5.9
4.0
5.2
4.3
5.1
5.9
4.4
7.1
5.2
7.2
6.4
6.7
5.6
4.9
5.2
6.0
4.3
4.8
4.0
4.8
6.8
5.3
8.5
5.3
7.4
7.0
6.5
Sept.
1994P
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
See footnotes at end of table.
104
20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
41 P
42.1
39.4
38.6
4.8
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
1987
SIC
Code
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
ft
ft
ft
ft
Sept.
1993
July
1994
$688.74
728.76
884.11
641.08
667.06
414.92
721.76
$697.85
729.22
937.51
630.98
638.49
430.22
748.38
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
$722.92 $748.28
768.82 803.99
966.32
638.89
692.46
430.53
753.38
$736.58
689.83
503.87
565.13
396.80
$719.06 $732.67 $777.82
659.60 650.55 691.48
493.47 492.72 513.26
541.60 540.95 580.05
387.69 386.90 393.57
628.58 629.82 686.87
694.63 711.36 746.30
$11.20 $11.22 $10.65 ft
11.02 11.11 10.67 $11.03
10.63
$449.12 $453.29 $420.68 $434.58
433.09 434.40 421.47 410.32
ft
ft
ft
12.46
16.78
12.17
10.68
11.75
13.52
11.17
10.82
10.60
9.38
15.13
12.47
16.85
12.24
10.83
11.66
13.64
11.14
10.73
10.62
9.44
15.07
8.64
8.59
12.24
16.22
12.16
10.72
11.81
13.35
10.87
10.70
10.20
8.17
12.33
16.43
12.18
10.88
11.67
13.30
10.90
10.72
10.22
8.89
14.88
8.39
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties
39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
9.32
9.59
9.43
9.23
8.71
8.47
8.87
10.35
8.16
7.24
9.72
9.99
9.42
9.63
9.55
9.37
8.86
8.59
9.02
10.46
8.17
7.27
9.84
10.20
9.60
9.85
9.78
9.61
9.02
8.76
9.15
10.74
8.25
7.14
9.98
9.59
9.87
9.77
9.43
9.11
8.80
9.28
10.62
8.20
7.06
9.96
10.14
10.96
11.09
10.43
8.52
9.35
9.88
7.47
20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
Aug.
1993
$16.53 $16.96 $17.44
$17.25
15.78 15.79 16.27 16.08
12.43 12.38 12.58 12.38
13.54 13.49 13.91 13.75
9.89
9.87 10.04
9.92
14.86 14.96 15.47 15.86
16.86 17.10 17.56 17.63
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Sept.
1994P
$15.67 $15.98 $16.42 $16.43 $16.74 $670.68
15.89 16.34 16.88 16.86 17.29 700.75
840.35
19.23 19.56 20.88 20.56
598.40
13.60 14.57 14.64 14.62
15.32
649.70
14.60 14.99 15.13
9.92
420.88
9.89
9.72
9.74
714.63
17.22 17.35 17.99 18.11
Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts
Nondurable goods
Average weekly earnings
8.87
14.71
504.30
667.06
500.60
441.73
483.14
554.61
444.72
440.59
413.91
353.82
623.47
359.93
515.84
682.95
512.36
452.83
504.08
555.67
455.74
439.29
433.54
363.01
655.13
356.83
517.51
677.37
520.20
464.61
503.71
574.24
457.85
441.00
437.54
369.10
648.01
369.37
522.92
650.42
497.34
426.66
488.93
551.36
442.41
441.91
406.98
356.57
603.11
354.58
375.86
372.68
362.90
373.86
354.40
334.15
368.02
420.49
327.62
290.80
395.57
417.18
379.20
373.32
366.75
361.34
359.00
332.88
373.32
437.12
316.80
273.46
398.20
419.80
382.64
380.98
377.12
380.03
366.22
346.72
377.70
416.30
320.62
271.10
403.38
420.43
387.37
10.18
9.66 370.94
362.50
350.80
362.74
347.53
326.10
362.78
418.14
328.03
285.98
389.77
402.60
11.29
11.20
11.30 446.07
453.58
460.63
460.32
467.82
10.51
10.70
10.60
8.76
8.73
10.61 429.72
345.06
388.96
418.91
292.82
486.64
424.20
520.78
409.59
576.13
434.50
348.25
564.56
497.12
436.02
435.11
351.70
396.68
431.11
296.72
497.96
436.31
541.34
413.50
613.01
423.87
352.93
578.93
503.03
445.39
445.12
361.79
408.50
438.05
308.07
509.92
444.05
544.85
416.97
569.61
439.52
366.38
594.45
490.76
470.81
444.14
362.30
403.09
434.15
312.73
502.02
435.92
536.78
425.57
564.83
453.35
353.22
601.92
518.88
468.01
450.93
8.62
9.40
9.50
9.44
10.14
7.76
11.67
10.12
7.55
11.80
10.12
7.76
12.01
10.50
12.37
9.99
10.59
12.56
9.94
12.86
13.24
10.37
9.95
8.89
10.54
8.98
8.70
12.78
13.21
13.20
10.59
10.93
10.31
10.58
11.28
10.47
8.75
12.63
10.51
10.14
12.51 498.17
743.R3
736.93
11.97
10.70
12.76
10.17
13.53
10.79
12.72
9.99
13.29
10.28
See footnotes at end of table.
15
0
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Average overtime hours
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
205
2051
40.0
39.4
40.3
39.6
39.3
39.1
40.3
39.3
4.8
4.5
4.8
4.6
4.6
4.6
4.7
4.5
2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209
41.3
40.6
45.7
45.8
39.3
39.5
43.8
41.8
42.5
43.0
41.2
41.6
40.6
47.2
47.8
39.7
39.4
43.9
41.9
42.1
42.1
40.8
39.7
40.6
45.3
45.7
41.7
39.4
43.8
43.8
47.5
43.4
41.2
42.0
41.2
46.6
47.4
42.3
39.7
44.0
41.9
44.9
41.8
41.2
5.3
4.3
6.4
10.1
5.0
3.4
6.0
5.7
7.4
5.9
5.5
5.2
4.7
8.4
10.9
6.2
3.8
6.7
6.0
8.0
5.0
5.2
4.7
3.6
4.9
7.2
2.7
3.2
6.5
6.8
9.4
6.8
5.9
5.0
4.4
6.4
7.5
3.6
3.9
6.1
5.6
7.9
5.4
6.0
Tobacco products
Cigarettes
21
211
37.4
37.2
38.1
36.5
37.9
38.4
38.7
39.1
39.3
1.9
1.7
2.1
1.5
3.5
3.9
3.8
4.8
Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yam spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
41.8
42.4
42.0
43.5
40.0
40.1
37.1
39.6
40.6
39.9
40.2
43.5
44.3
42.5
44.1
41.4
41.7
38.6
43.4
41.9
42.9
41.9
45.2
39.6
40.0
39.8
39.2
40.2
38.8
39.8
43.3
44.9
40.7
44.0
41.7
42.0
39.6
44.2
41.2
41.7
40.4
43.3
39.2
40.4
39.5
40.1
39.7
39.8
41.8
43.1
43.9
41.8
41.7
41.1
41.4
38.5
42.1
41.9
42.7
42.1
41.1
40.5
40.7
38.9
40.2
40.5
39.3
42.5
43.5
45.0
41.7
42.8
42.1
42.4
39.8
42.2
42.0
4.7
6.1
4.5
5.7
3.0
3.3
1.9
3.4
3.2
2.5
3.8
6.0
6.4
5.7
6.5
4.4
4.5
3.3
5.0
4.8
6.7
4.7
7.6
2.9
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.0
1.6
3.5
5.7
6.5
4.4
6.7
4.5
4.6
3.6
5.4
4.5
5.6
4.1
5.7
2.9
3.5
3.0
3.8
3.0
2.2
4.7
5.7
5.9
5.1
5.0
4.6
4.8
3.3
4.7
4.8
6.0
4.9
5.0
3.6
3.6
2.9
3.8
3.3
1.7
4.8
6.6
7.2
5.7
5.7
4.8
5.0
3.5
4.7
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396
37.4
36.1
37.3
36.1
37.0
37.5
36.4
35.9
37.0
36.8
36.3
38.3
38.5
37.6
36.7
36.2
37.2
39.5
38.8
39.9
40.1
36.9
36.1
36.4
34.7
36.0
36.8
35.5
35.3
36.0
35.9
35.3
37.9
38.3
36.2
36.6
36.2
37.0
39.6
38.7
40.2
40.1
37.4
37.5
37.6
37.3
37.4
37.8
35.9
36.8
36.6
35.6
35.7
37.6
37.6
37.6
38.5
37.6
36.4
38.6
37.2
38.4
38.6
37.8
37.0
37.8
37.3
37.3
37.9
36.2
35.6
36.2
35.5
36.5
38.3
38.6
37.0
37.7
37.4
37.3
39.8
38.0
39.0
40.9
37.8
1.9
1.1
1.5
1.2
1.7
1.5
1.7
1.1
2.4
1.7
1.6
1.9
2.0
1.5
1.6
1.5
1.6
3.2
2.5
3.4
3.7
.2
.5
.9
.7
.3
.5
.1
2.1
.6
.3
.9
.9
1.8
.9
.8
.9
3.5
2.7
4.0
3.7
2.0
1.2
2.0
1.3
2.2
1.8
1.8
1.1
2.7
1.6
1.7
2.3
2.2
2.5
2.4
2.3
1.4
2.5
1.5
2.8
2.0
2.2
1.4
2.0
1.8
1.9
1.7
1.8
1.1
2.1
1.6
1.8
2.4
2.3
2.7
2.2
2.1
1.8
3.4
1.5
3.1
4.3
Paper and allied products
Paper mills
26
262
263
43.4
44.6
44.8
44.1
46.2
46.3
43.9
45.9
46.1
43.9
45.1
45.5
44.3
5.4
6.0
6.7
6.2
7.5
7.9
5.8
6.3
7.4
5.9
6.0
7.6
Paperboard mills
See footnotes at end of table.
106
Sept.
1994 P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
,
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
1987
SIC
Code
205
2051
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
$11.72 $11.76 $11.91 $11.83
11.60 11.66 11.82 11.64
Sept.
1994"
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
$468.80 $473.93 $468.06 $476.75
457.04 461.74 462.16 457.45
2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209
11.95
11.50
10.66
16.41
13.16
10.38
11.12
14.60
19.97
12.01
9.45
11.94
11.40
10.83
16.29
12.49
10.36
11.12
14.86
20.54
12.09
9.58
12.09
11.79
10.64
15.94
13.19
10.75
11.50
15.10
20.50
12.21
9.47
12.17
11.74
10.83
15.81
13.61
10.67
11.37
15.00
20.39
12.09
9.42
493.54
466.90
487.16
751.58
517.19
410.01
487.06
610.28
848.73
516.43
389.34
496.70
462.84
511.18
778.66
495.85
408.18
488.17
622.63
864.73
508.99
390.86
479.97
478.67
481.99
728.46
550.02
423.55
503.70
661.38
973.75
529.91
390.16
511.14
483.69
504.68
749.39
575.70
423.60
500.28
628.50
915.51
505.36
388.10
Tobacco products
Cigarettes
21
211
17.22
21.16
16.13
21.35
20.38
23.13
18.26 $18.04 644.03
23.15
787.15
614.55
779.28
772.40
888.19
706.66 $708.97
905.17
Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
8.91
9.32
9.77
9.37
8.26
8.13
7.55
7.82
7.79
8.22
9.09
9.16
9.03
9.74
8.99
8.60
8.56
8.91
10.41
8.96
9.40
9.86
9.53
8.26
8.12
7.71
7.86
7.75
8.03
9.07
9.17
9.06
9.62
9.03
8.67
8.61
9.13
10.45
9.12
9.60
10.08
9.65
8.39
8.29
7.82
8.08
7.80
8.35
9.32
9.37
9.07
9.93
9.08
8.92
8.87
9.52
10.47
9.13
9.54
10.14
9.51
8.41
8.34
7.88
8.07
7.79
8.42
9.25
9.47
9.24
9.96
9.03
8.92
8.88
9.40
375.42
403.26
413.13
430.76
327.10
324.80
306.86
308.11
311.55
311.56
360.99
397.06
406.79
391.53
397.32
361.54
361.62
361.55
461.89
375.74
400.32
407.23
417.85
328.89
334.92
308.89
324.01
309.66
332.33
389.58
403.85
398.17
415.07
378.64
366.61
367.22
366.52
440.79
382.55
407.36
426.89
390.86
340.61
339.44
306.53
324.41
315.50
330.91
393.13
411.95
415.80
415.33
386.48
375.53
376.51
374.12
437.61
387.66
10.37
9.23 372.44
395.17
410.34
407.60
330.40
326.01
280.11
309.67
316.27
327.98
365.42
398.46
400.03
413.95
396.46
356.04
356.95
343.93
451.79
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396
7.07
7.62
6.67
6.64
6.50
6.41
6.76
6.21
7.38
7.15
6.60
6.82
6.65
7.57
6.40
6.41
6.90
8.14
7.14
7.34
10.15
7.15
7.71
6.75
6.76
6.63
6.45
6.79
6.35
7.40
7.29
6.59
6.91
6.71
7.80
6.40
6.34
7.00
8.25
7.28
7.45
10.27
7.31
8.06
6.99
6.87
6.94
6.73
6.96
6.38
7.54
7.43
6.83
7.00
6.81
7.79
6.56
6.45
6.86
8.31
7.34
7.57
10.36
7.35
7.86
7.00
6.93
6.89
6.69
6.95
6.45
7.57
7.53
6.78
6.96
6.71
8.03
6.56
6.47
6.96
8.52
7.15
7.69
11.02
7.42 264.42
263.84
278.33
245.70
234.57
238.68
237.36
241.05
224.16
266.40
261.71
232.63
261.89
256.99
282.36
234.24
229.51
259.00
326.70
281.74
299.49
411.83
273.39
302.25
262.82
256.25
259.56
254.39
249.86
234.78
275.96
264.51
243.83
263.20
256.06
292.90
252.56
242.52
249.70
320.77
273.05
290.69
399.90
277.83
290.82
264.60
258.49
257.00
253.55
251.59
229.62
274.03
267.32
247.47
266.57
259.01
297.11
247.31
241.98
259.61
339.10
271.70
299.91
450.72
280.48
275.08
248.79
239.70
240.50
240.38
246.06
222.94
273.06
263.12
239.58
261.21
256.03
284.63
234.88
232.04
256.68
321.53
277.03
292.87
407.02
26
262
263
13.40
16.66
16.68
13.67
17.04
17.14
13.82
17.11
17.27
13.79
17.09
17.31
14.00 581.56
743.04
747.26
602.85
787.25
793.58
606.70
785.35
796.15
605.38
770.76
787.61
620.20
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
See footnotes at end of table.
107
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
1987
SIC
Code
Aug.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
5.5
6.3
4.7
4.8
4.7
3.9
5.3
3.7
Sept.
1994P
5.9
6.8
4.4
5.0
5.0
3.9
6.2
3.7
5.9
6.6
5.5
5.9
4.9
4.7
5.5
3.8
6.4
43.7
44.4
43.4
43.7
42.1
43.1
42.2
41.3
44.3
45.1
43.4
44.3
42.1
43.1
41.2
41.8
27
271
38.4
32.8
37.5
39.9
38.9
41.0
37.4
40.0
39.9
39.6
41.5
39.4
39.7
38.7
33.2
38.0
40.5
38.4
42.8
36.6
40.5
40.5
39.9
41.3
39.7
39.7
38.3
32.7
36.5
40.0
38.9
41.3
36.9
40.0
39.8
40.0
41.6
39.7
39.7
38.7
32.9
37.3
41.2
40.8
41.6
37.2
40.3
39.9
40.6
41.4
39.9
39.7
39.1
3.2
1.2
2.1
3.8
2.2
5.6
2.2
4.0
4.0
3.5
4.2
2.6
4.2
3.6
1.4
2.9
4.6
2.4
7.0
2.1
4.6
4.5
4.2
3.9
2.9
4.3
3.2
1.2
2.4
3.5
2.0
5.2
2.2
4.1
3.9
4.0
4.4
2.7
4.3
3.5
1.3
3.4
3.8
2.1
5.7
2.4
4.4
4.1
4.3
4.2
2.9
4.4
42.9
43.0
42.6
43.7
44.3
43.1
41.3
41.1
41.7
42.3
41.3
41.5
43.0
45.0
44.3
45.1
44.5
42.8
43.4
43.9
43.2
44.9
45.9
44.4
41.5
41.2
41.5
43.0
41.3
40.8
42.4
46.4
46.2
46.4
45.9
42.8
43.1
44.2
43.3
44.2
44.9
43.3
40.8
40.5
41.1
42.2
40.4
41.0
43.4
45.4
45.7
45.4
45.3
43.3
42.9
44.3
43.6
43.7
44.4
42.9
41.1
40.8
40.8
40.9
40.6
41.0
43.0
45.1
45.8
44.9
45.3
43.2
43.0
4.8
4.9
5.1
5.9
6.3
5.5
3.7
3.6
3.9
4.9
4.2
3.1
4.6
6.0
7.6
5.6
5.7
4.7
5.3
5.7
5.8
6.9
7.4
6.8
3.7
3.7
3.7
4.7
4.3
2.8
4.5
6.9
9.0
6.4
6.3
5.0
5.0
5.7
5.6
6.4
6.8
6.0
3.7
3.6
3.4
3.7
3.9
2.9
5.0
6.2
8.2
5.7
5.9
5.4
4.9
5.6
5.5
6.2
6.8
5.7
3.7
3.6
3.5
4.2
3.7
2.9
4.6
6.0
8.4
5.4
6.1
5.2
44.1
43.4
47.0
44.1
43.7
46.2
43.8
43.2
46.5
43.5
42.6
46.7
47.3
6.0
4.9
10.3
6.3
5.5
9.9
6.2
5.1
10.1
6.1
5.1
9.7
41.7
43.8
42.5
41.6
42.5
40.9
41.5
41.6
44.0
38.5
40.7
41.9
40.7
41.7
41.6
43.8
39.7
41.4
43.4
41.0
41.5
42.0
42.6
40.6
42.1
43.8
41.5
42.0
42.1
4.4
6.9
3.7
4.1
4.7
3.6
4.2
4.6
6.8
2.9
3.5
4.0
3.7
4.6
4.6
6.3
1.8
5.1
6.2
3.9
4.6
4.8
6.9
4.9
4.8
5.6
4.2
4.7
38.4
40.9
38.2
37.8
38.0
39.2
38.2
38.4
40.7
38.0
37.9
37.4
37.3
38.4
37.9
42.3
36.9
35.5
38.6
39.7
37.9
38.3
43.4
37.2
36.8
37.7
39.8
37.2
38.8
2.5
4.9
2.0
2.1
1.8
2.9
2.0
2.4
4.7
2.0
2.1
1.8
1.6
2.2
2.2
4.8
1.7
1.4
2.0
3.4
1.8
2.3
5.6
1.6
1.3
1.8
3.1
1.8
40.3
39.8
40.3
40.4
40.3
47.1
45.7
48.0
48.4
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279
29
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee
30
301
302
305
3052
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods
31
311
314
287
289
291
295
306
308
3143
3144
316
317
Transportation and public utilities
July
1994
43.4
44.2
42.2
43.4
42.4
42.7
43.2
41.2
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials
108
Sept.
1993
43.5
44.6
42.8
42.7
42.0
42.7
42.3
41.4
28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
See footnotes at end of table.
Aug.
1993
Average overtime hours
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3
Average weekly hours
4011
7.2
5.1
6.3
5.0
4.2
5.1
4.3
Sept.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes
1987
SIC
Code
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
$11.38 $11.55 $11.81 $11.84
11.91
11.97
11.48
11.71
11.41
11.49
11.30
11.39
12.43
12.48
11.92
12.01
12.03
12.01
11.76
11.84
14.02
13.83
13.39
13.47
11.42
11.39
11.17
11.38
11.22
11.20
10.89
10.88
Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
$495.03 $501.27 $516.10 $524.51
512.01 517.58 528.80 539.85
483.64
508.98
493.92
480.66
521.23
502.02
571.75
575.17
472.49
450.85
491.62
448.26
495.19
543.19
506.46
604.26
481.92
463.39
498.67
552.86
505.62
596.07
469.27
468.16
11.96
11.79
13.45
11.10
10.67
11.57
11.35
12.15
12.28
11.67
12.59
9.34
14.64
12.09
11.92
13.42
11.40
10.89
11.90
11.40
12.29
12.42
11.81
12.65
9.42
14.61
12.12
12.07
13.30
11.22
10.68
11.81
11.76
12.31
12.41
11.91
13.07
9.52
14.74
12.12 $12.29 459.26
386.71
11.99
504.38
13.35
442.89
11.35
415.06
10.76
474.37
11.99
424.49
11.75
486.00
12.34
489.97
12.46
462.13
11.91
522.49
12.92
368.00
9.47
581.21
14.72
467.88
395.74
509.96
461.70
418.18
509.32
417.24
497.75
503.01
471.22
522.45
373.97
580.02
464.20
394.69
485.45
448.80
415.45
487.75
433.94
492.40
493.92
476.40
543.71
377.94
585.18
469.04
394.47
497.96
467.62
439.01
498.78
437.10
497.30
497.15
483.55
534.89
377.85
584.38
$480.54
14.97
16.86
17.34
15.36
16.76
13.84
14.66
14.68
12.39
15.90
11.65
10.64
12.78
17.86
17.50
18.07
15.30
13.71
15.21
16.88
17.26
15.56
17.10
13.78
14.92
14.87
12.61
16.12
11.79
11.11
13.01
18.18
17.93
18.36
15.48
14.23
15.15
16.74
17.14
15.58
17.32
13.53
14.85
14.82
12.44
15.84
11.78
10.97
12.91
18.27
17.77
18.52
15.57
14.10
15.32 633.20
706.92
721.64
661.62
724.75
596.07
597.61
596.77
511.66
667.92
484.04
432.43
539.22
801.45
777.47
811.35
677.29
576.94
649.70
740.15
749.09
689.66
769.28
614.50
608.39
604.82
514.19
683.70
481.15
434.11
541.87
828.70
808.50
838.45
702.27
586.79
655.55
746.10
747.36
687.75
767.79
596.67
608.74
602.24
518.27
680.26
476.32
455.51
564.63
825.37
819.40
833.54
701.24
616.16
649.94
741.58
747.30
680.85
769.01
580.44
610.34
604.66
507.55
647.86
478.27
449.77
555.13
823.98
813.87
831.55
705.32
609.12
658.76
287
289
14.76
16.44
16.94
15.14
16.36
13.83
14.47
14.52
12.27
15.79
11.72
10.42
12.54
17.81
17.55
17.99
15.22
13.48
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials
29
291
295
18.36
20.27
14.08
18.70
20.63
14.27
18.99
21.07
14.34
18.78
20.85
14.23
19.33 809.68
824.67
901.53
659.27
831.76
910.22
666.81
816.93
888.21
664.54
914.31
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee
30
301
302
305
3052
10.53
17.43
7.58
10.51
10.73
10.03
9.80
10.66
17.86
7.85
10.55
10.76
10.03
10.62
17.65
8.09
10.92
11.19
10.21
10.65 439.10
443.46
785.84
302.23
429.39
450.84
408.22
413.66
447.20
785.33
300.93
461.20
497.80
419.84
415.83
446.04
751.89
328.45
459.73
490.12
423.72
419.16
448.37
9.92
10.75
17.93
7.58
11.14
11.47
10.24
10.02
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods
31
7.63
10.00
7.22
7.74
6.70
7.81
6.89
7.69
10.09
7.29
7.84
6.79
7.83
6.92
7.96
10.70
7.50
8.00
7.07
7.92
7.18
7.93
10.57
7.43
7.84
7.10
7.85
7.43
7.87 292.99
295.30
410.66
277.02
297.14
253.95
292.06
265.73
301.68
452.61
276.75
284.00
272.90
314.42
272.12
303.72
458.74
276.40
288.51
267.67
312.43
276.40
305.36
409.00
275.80
292.57
254.60
306.15
£63.20
13.62
13.67
13.84
13.87
13.91 548.89
544.07
557.75
560.35
560.57
16.94
16.88
16.79
16.89
797.87
771.42
805.92
817.48
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products
28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
279
2869
306
308
311
314
3143
3144
316
317
Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3
4011
9.98
879.72
661.76
763.43
322.15
437.22
456.03
410.23
406.70
See footnotes at end of table.
109
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
1987
SIC
Code
Industry
Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation
Average weekly hours
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
41
411
413
35.4
38.3
39.2
33.4
38.5
38.4
35.2
38.1
38.3
42
421
422
39.7
39.6
40.3
39.2
39.1
40.9
39.6
39.6
39.9
40.0
40.0
40.4
Water transportation:
Water transportation services
449
36.4
35.6
35.8
37.0
Pipelines, except natural gas
46
42.8
41.4
43.4
43.7
Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement
47
472
4724
473
38.0
37.0
37.0
39.1
37.1
36.2
36.1
37.9
37.2
35.7
35.7
38.9
37.4
36.2
36.1
38.9
Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services
48
481
4813
483
484
40.1
41.8
41.8
35.1
39.3
39.8
41.3
41.4
34.6
39.9
39.9
41.7
41.9
34.5
39.0
39.9
41.7
41.9
34.3
39.0
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
49
491
492
493
495
42.3
42.3
42.7
42.1
42.9
42.4
42.2
42.9
42.5
42.8
42.3
42.5
42.1
42.4
42.5
41.9
41.7
42.5
41.4
42.7
38.4
38.1
38.4
38.3
39.1
38.7
37.7
40.4
39.4
38.5
40.8
38.6
39.2
39.7
37.5
38.7
38.2
37.3
39.9
38.8
38.2
40.1
38.2
38.6
39.4
37.2
39.0
38.8
37.0
40.4
38.8
38.0
40.7
38.6
38.9
39.7
37.8
38.9
38.5
37.3
40.2
38.9
38.0
41.0
38.5
38.9
39.5
37.9
37.5
36.6
37.4
36.9
38.3
35.3
40.3
37.8
37.4
36.6
37.3
36.1
37.1
36.7
38.4
35.8
40.1
37.2
37.0
36.3
37.7
36.6
37.4
36.4
38.9
35.1
39.6
37.9
37.3
36.9
37.5
36.8
36.6
36.8
38.5
35.1
39.7
37.7
37.2
36.6
29.7
28.8
29.7
29.7
52
521
523
525
526
37.2
39.1
37.0
33.1
33.8
36.6
38.6
36.7
32.2
33.2
37.1
39.0
36.6
32.8
34.0
36.8
38.6
37.0
32.6
33.6
53
531
29.7
29.7
29.6
29.8
30.4
30.4
30.2
30.3
Sept.
1994P
35.0
38.0
37.3
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage
Average overtime hours
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
507
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
51
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
,
508
509
518
519
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
General merchandise stores
Department stores
See footnotes at end of table.
110
,
38.4
29.0
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation
1987
SIC
Code
41
411
413
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
$10.08 $10.00 $10.27 $10.27
10.63 10.70 10.78 10.77
12.84 12.75 12.78 12.75
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage
42
421
422
12.36
12.54
9.91
12.44
Water transportation:
Water transportation services
449
Pipelines, except natural gas
Sept.
1994 P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
$356.83 $334.00 $361.50 $359.45
407.13 411.95 410.72 409.26
503.33 489.60 489.47 475.58
9.94
12.46
12.63
10.22
12.54
12.72
10.14
490.69
496.58
399.37
487.65
494.22
406.55
493.42
500.15
407.78
501.60
508.80
409.66
16.64
17.81
17.69
16.51
605.70
634.04
633.30
610.87
46
19.43
19.65
19.73
19.42
831.60
813.51
856.28
848.65
Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement
47
472
4724
473
11.09
10.28
10.25
12.24
11.12
10.32
10.29
12.28
11.74
11.03
11.08
12.86
11.76
11.11
11.16
12.82
421.42
380.36
379.25
478.58
412.55
373.58
371.47
465.41
436.73
393.77
395.56
500.25
439.82
402.18
402.88
498.70
Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services
48
481
4813
483
484
14.96
15.70
15.88
14.24
11.50
15.10
15.85
16.04
14.52
11.54
15.19
15.85
16.16
14.78
11.81
15.39
16.08
16.41
15.01
11.84
599.90
656.26
663.78
499.82
451.95
600.98
654.61
664.06
502.39
460.45
606.08
660.95
677.10
509.91
460.59
614.06
670.54
687.58
514.84
461.76
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
49
491
492
493
495
16.64
17.33
16.19
19.73
12.03
16.81
17.40
16.38
20.12
12.17
17.32
18.14
16.62
20.70
12.33
17.17
17.97
16.62
20.63
12.13
703.87
733.06
691.31
830.63
516.09
712.74
734.28
702.70
855.10
520.88
732.64
770.95
699.70
877.68
524.03
719.42
749.35
706.35
854.08
517.95
11.75
11.80
12.00
11.96 $12.05 451.20
449.58
460.80
458.07 $462.72
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
Wholesale trade
12.64
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
507
508
509
12.10
10.60
10.73
11.16
14.65
13.30
12.07
12.57
11.40
11.93
9.48
12.17
10.69
10.75
11.26
14.70
13.28
12.12
12.64
11.49
12.04
9.52
12.36
10.88
10.94
11.51
14.87
13.13
12.31
12.81
11.82
12.41
9.75
12.31
10.86
10.85
11.48
14.82
13.09
12.20
12.73
11.70
12.34
9.80
473.11
410.22
404.52
450.86
577.21
512.05
492.46
485.20
446.88
473.62
355.50
470.98
408.36
400.98
449.27
570.36
507.30
486.01
482.85
443.51
474.38
354.14
482.04
422.14
404.78
465.00
576.96
498.94
501.02
494.47
459.80
492.68
368.55
478.86
418.11
404.71
461.50
576.50
497.42
500.20
490.11
455.13
487.43
371.42
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
51
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
11.27
9.51
11.30
12.12
13.46
10.82
11.49
8.41
13.26
10.67
12.99
9.58
11.50
12.05
14.30
11.14
11.73
8.66
13.25
10.88
13.16
9.59
11.48
11.90
14.25
10.99
11.81
8.58
13.19
10.78
13.06
9.62
422.63
435.91
501.91
400.00
440.83
295.81
532.36
400.68
483.21
348.07
421.49
437.53
499.37
397.09
441.22
301.08
531.73
396.92
480.63
347.75
433.55
441.03
534.82
405.50
456.30
303.97
524.70
412.35
490.87
353.87
430.50
437.92
521.55
404.43
454.69
301.16
523.64
406.41
485.83
352.09
7.24
7.32
7.44
7.43
7.54 215.03
210.82
220.97
220.67
Retail trade
11.!
13.42
10.84
11.51
8.38
13.21
10.60
12.92
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
52
521
523
525
526
8.64
8.98
9.28
7.37
7.60
8.74
9.06
9.29
7.49
7.72
8.78
9.08
9.44
7.51
7.80
8.83
9.12
9.44
7.52
7.83
321.41
351.12
343.36
243.95
256.88
319.88
349.72
340.94
241.18
256.30
325.74
354.12
345.50
246.33
265.20
324.94
352.03
349.28
245.15
263.09
General merchandise stores
Department stores
53
531
7.30
7.30
7.30
7.28
7.46
7.43
7.42
7.39
216.81
216.81
216.08
216.94
226.78
225.87
218.66
224.08
223.92
See footnotes at end of table.
111
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores—Continued
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
533
539
28.5
30.2
27.9
29.4
28.6
30.8
54
541
546
30.5
30.6
29.5
29.9
30.1
28.6
30.8
30.9
29.0
30.5
30.7
29.2
Automotive dealers and service stations...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee
55
551
553
554
559
36.6
37.7
38.6
34.1
34.0
35.9
37.1
38.0
33.1
33.5
36.2
37.1
38.4
33.6
35.2
36.1
37.1
38.5
33.3
34.2
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
27.3
29.6
24.5
28.3
28.2
26.3
28.9
23.8
27.4
26.8
26.9
29.3
24.3
28.2
27.3
27.3
29.2
24.9
28.5
28.0
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...
57
571
572
573
5731
5735
33.5
33.6
34.5
33.0
32.3
29.8
33.2
33.4
34.5
32.6
32.4
28.1
33.5
33.6
35.1
32.9
32.9
28.1
33.4
33.4
34.5
33.0
32.8
27.9
Eating and drinking places4
58
26.4
25.0
26.3
26.3
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee
59
591
593
594
596
598
599
5995
5999
30.3
28.6
32.7
29.3
34.0
37.3
31.2
33.6
32.2
29.7
27.9
31.8
28.1
34.5
37.2
30.9
32.9
31.7
30.5
28.8
32.3
29.6
34.3
37.7
31.0
33.1
31.9
30.5
28.8
32.7
29.6
34.6
37.4
31.3
33.3
32.1
36.4
35.6
35.7
35.5
Sept.
1994P
28.5
30.6
Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries
Average overtime hours
Finance, insurance, and real estate5
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee ...
Credit unions
60
602
6022
6021,9
606
36.1
36.0
36.5
35.7
36.1
35.0
34.8
35.4
34.4
35.6
35.3
35.2
35.7
34.8
35.8
35.0
34.8
35.3
34.5
35.9
Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
61
614
38.4
38.4
37.7
37.8
37.2
37.8
37.1
37.9
Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services
628
35.9
35.8
36.6
37.6
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
63
631
632
6324
633
38.2
37.8
38.6
38.4
37.8
37.6
37.2
38.1
37.9
37.3
37.6
37.4
37.5
37.2
37.9
37.5
37.2
37.5
37.2
37.8
33.1
32.3
32.8
32.7
34.8
29.8
36.9
34.1
28.4
36.5
35.5
29.8
37.8
34.8
29.5
36.9
35.4
Services
Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services
See footnotes at end of table.
112
07
074
078
32.4
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores—Continued
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
533
539
$6.50
7.99
$6.64
8.08
$7.15
8.08
$7.10
8.06
Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries
54
541
546
7.72
7.81
6.81
7.83
7.92
6.91
7.87
7.97
7.01
7.87
7.97
7.04
235.46
238.99
200.90
234.12
238.39
197.63
242.40
246.27
203.29
240.04
244.68
205.57
Automotive dealers and service stations...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee
55
551
553
554
559
9.76
12.28
8.32
6.69
10.94
9.77
12.24
8.31
6.72
10.65
10.17
12.93
8.43
6.77
11.10
10.07
12.71
8.41
6.77
11.44
357.22
462.96
321.15
228.13
371.96
350.74
454.10
315.78
222.43
356.78
368.15
479.70
323.71
227.47
390.72
363.53
471.54
323.79
225.44
391.25
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
6.90
8.22
6.63
6.70
6.98
7.04
8.39
6.73
6.86
7.16
7.11
8.49
6.74
6.95
7.30
7.08
8.38
6.74
6.93
7.34
188.37
243.31
162.44
189.61
196.84
185.15
242.47
160.17
187.96
191.89
191.26
248.76
163.78
195.99
199.29
193.28
244.70
167.83
197.51
205.52
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...
57
571
572
573
5731
5735
9.49
9.32
9.97
9.63
9.65
5.88
9.53
9.36
9.91
9.71
9.74
5.93
9.80
9.56
9.97
10.13
10.02
5.98
9.79
9.61
9.91
10.03
10.07
5.97
317.92
313.15
343.97
317.79
311.70
175.22
316.40
312.62
341.90
316.55
315.58
166.63
328.30
321.22
349.95
333.28
329.66
168.04
326.99
320.97
341.90
330.99
330.30
166.56
Eating and drinking places4
58
5.33
5.36
5.44
5.47
140.71
134.00
143.07
143.86
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee
59
591
593
594
596
598
599
5995
5999
7.92
8.09
6.67
7.26
8.70
10.94
8.22
9.94
8.58
7.95
8.24
6.74
7.20
8.68
11.09
8.21
9.88
8.57
8.13
8.38
6.89
7.46
9.02
11.17
8.34
10.58
8.57
8.12
8.38
6.80
7.45
8.90
11.21
8.40
10.60
8.64
239.98
231.37
218.11
212.72
295.80
408.06
256.46
333.98
276.28
236.12
229.90
214.33
202.32
299.46
412.55
253.69
325.05
271.67
247.97
241.34
222.55
220.82
309.39
421.11
258.54
350.20
273.38
247.66
241.34
222.36
220.52
307.94
419.25
262.92
352.98
277.34
11.39
11.41
11.72
11.73 $11.83 414.60
406.20
418.40
416.42
9.09
8.65
8.52
8.74
9.08
9.10
8.66
8.53
8.76
9.10
9.35
8.94
8.76
9.07
9.29
9.36
8.95
8.81
9.05
9.25
328.15
311.40
310.98
312.02
327.79
318.50
301.37
301.96
301.34
323.96
330.06
314.69
312.73
315.64
332.58
Sept.
1994P
327.60
311.46
310.99
312.23
332.08
Finance, insurance, and real estate5
$185.25 $185.26 $204.49 $202.35
241.30 237.55 248.86 246.64
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee ...
Credit unions
60
602
6022
6021,9
606
Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
61
614
12.70
10.24
12.74
10.04
12.36
9.99
12.25
10.10
487.68
393.22
480.30
379.51
459.79
377.62
454.48
382.79
Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services
628
16.14
15.88
15.94
15.88
579.43
568.50
583.40
597.09
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
63
631
632
6324
633
13.28
12.47
12.75
13.03
14.16
13.23
12.38
12.68
12.99
14.20
13.97
13.23
13.47
13.82
14.82
14.03
13.36
13.53
13.88
14.84
507.30
471.37
492.15
500.35
535.25
497.45
460.54
483.11
492.32
529.66
525.27
494.80
505.13
514.10
561.68
526.13
496.99
507.38
516.34
560.95
10.66
10.83
10.92
10.92
11.12 352.85
349.81
358.18
357.08
8.37
8.13
8.51
8.59
8.26
8.76
8.39
8.35
8.44
8.40
8.36
8.45
291.28
242.27
314.02
292.92
234.58
319.74
297.85
248.83
319.03
$418.78
292.32
246.62
311.81
Services
Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services
07
074
078
360.29
See footnotes at end of table.
13
1
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Services—Continued
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
701
32.6
31.3
31.6
31.9
721
723
729
33.9
28.9
25.3
33.8
28.3
24.4
33.8
28.6
25.4
33.9
28.4
25.9
73
731
33.3
37.2
32.4
36.8
32.9
36.8
33.1
36.5
7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359
37.0
29.2
39.1
28.3
40.0
38.1
40.9
40.2
37.0
28.6
37.6
27.7
39.4
38.2
40.2
39.4
38.0
28.5
37.6
27.6
39.2
37.6
41.0
39.1
38.1
28.7
37.7
27.9
39.5
37.3
41.6
39.3
7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382
31.5
38.4
38.2
38.3
38.3
39.5
33.8
34.1
36.6
29.7
37.8
38.3
37.9
39.0
39.2
33.2
33.4
36.7
31.5
37.4
37.3
37.5
35.7
39.7
33.5
34.0
35.9
31.9
37.3
37.3
37.5
36.2
39.2
33.5
33.9
35.8
75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
754
7542
37.0
38.1
37.2
33.8
38.5
37.1
38.6
32.9
31.4
36.4
37.3
36.2
33.5
38.3
37.1
38.3
31.1
29.3
37.0
37.3
36.9
34.6
38.7
37.8
38.1
32.4
30.7
36.9
37.2
36.6
34.2
38.6
37.7
38.2
32.4
31.0
Miscellaneous repair services
76
38.5
37.9
38.6
38.4
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Video tape rental
78
781
784
28.9
38.0
23.8
28.3
39.1
23.0
30.0
38.6
23.1
30.0
38.6
23.0
Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs
79
793
799
7991
7997
29.5
24.8
30.0
18.7
30.1
27.1
24.3
27.2
17.9
28.8
28.8
24.5
29.3
18.7
30.2
28.3
24.6
28.8
19.2
29.4
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners ..
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
808
33.0
32.6
28.4
30.0
32.7
32.1
34.7
28.2
32.7
32.2
28.0
29.7
32.4
31.6
34.5
27.7
32.9
32.2
27.9
29.9
32.7
32.3
34.8
28.1
32.8
32.2
28.3
29.9
32.3
32.1
34.7
28.4
81
35.4
34.4
34.6
34.5
Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services
Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes
H o m e health care services
Legal services
See footnotes at end of table.
114
Average overtime hours
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
Industry—Continued
Industry
Services—Continued
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4
Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services
Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
$239.94 $237.57 $239.21 $239.57
701
$7.36
$7.59
$7.57
$7.51
721
723
729
7.22
7.88
7.74
7.24
7.92
7.84
7.35
8.17
8.05
7.35
8.20
8.01
244.76
227.73
195.82
244.71
224.14
191.30
248.43
233.66
204.47
249.17
232.88
207.46
73
731
10.15
15.30
10.20
15.25
10.33
15.44
10.31
15.63
338.00
569.16
330.48
561.20
339.86
568.19
341.26
570.50
9.63
7.47
9.60
7.49
9.83
7.20
10.76
10.73
10.00
7.51
9.81
7.23
10.74
9.89
7.44
9.73
10.89
14.41
10.39
14.15
10.30
14.44
9.59
9.71
9.78
9.92
356.31
218.12
387.48
202.63
427.60
412.24
586.51
385.52
355.20
214.21
369.61
199.44
423.94
409.89
579.28
382.57
380.00
214.04
368.86
199.55
421.01
390.66
580.15
382.40
376.81
213.53
366.82
199.76
430.16
384.19
600.70
389.86
8.23
8.27
16.54
8.44
259.25
636.67
726.95
661.44
561.10
539.97
294.74
231.20
402.60
245.62
625.21
734.98
645.82
565.89
533.51
291.50
229.46
402.60
265.86
634.30
735.18
681.38
528.00
551.83
299.16
239.36
396.34
268.92
633.35
742.64
678.75
530.69
544.49
298.15
237.98
392.37
341.43
349.50
308.42
232.83
396.02
400.68
397.55
214.90
177.56
353.35
348.38
311.44
243.58
410.61
421.47
406.15
228.42
190.34
353.87
346.70
310.37
237.35
412.25
422.99
408.74
229.39
191.58
7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359
7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382
9.91
7.16
10.69
10.82
14.34
7.16
19.19
17.04
14.51
13.61
14.79
13.90
8.72
6.78
11.00
8.78
6.87
10.97
8.93
7.04
11.04
8.43
16.98
19.91
18.10
14.66
13.89
8.90
7.02
10.96
9.29
9.23
9.38
9.37
9.55
9.34
9.59
9.32
8.36
8.52
6.95
10.34
8.44
7.04
8.48
6.93
10.27
10.79
16.58
19.03
17.27
14.65
13.67
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes
75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
754
7542
10.26
10.80
10.38
6.87
5.99
6.91
6.06
Miscellaneous repair services
76
11.11
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Video tape rental
78
781
784
11.71
Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs
79
799
7991
7997
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners ...
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services
Legal services
16.96
19.71
18.17
11.15
10.66
7.05
6.94
10.68
11.22
10.70
7.08
6.20
6.18
343.73
351.66
310.99
234.23
395.40
400.31
396.04
226.02
188.09
11.09
11.26
11.31
427.74
420.31
434.64
434.30
18.28
5.57
12.43
18.50
5.64
12.61
18.71
13.23
19.21
5.66
5.71
338.42
694.64
132.57
351.77
723.35
129.72
378.30
722.21
130.75
396.90
741.51
131.33
7.69
6.68
7.11
7.85
7.56
8.31
6.55
7.72
7.89
7.92
7.89
6.87
7.34
7.91
7.72
7.93
6.81
7.37
7.78
7.72
226.86
165.66
213.30
146.80
227.56
225.20
159.17
209.98
141.23
228.10
227.23
168.32
215.06
147.92
233.14
224.42
167.53
212.26
149.38
226.97
80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
808
11.76
11.88
11.89
11.98
11.52
10.43
12.12
12.25
10.70
8.48
7.81
12.10
12.24
11.95
10.69
8.46
7.76
388.48
385.76
322.56
309.77
267.62
244.27
468.86
291.96
398.75
394.45
333.68
319.93
277.30
252.26
482.68
300.95
396.88
394.13
338.19
319.63
273.26
249.10
480.25
302.46
81
522.88
540.11
536.82
793
10.61
7.59
8.26
7.73
13.43
13.59
10.40
10.54
13.87
10.71
13.84
10.65
388.08
387.61
325.46
311.40
266.51
243.64
466.02
293.28
15.28
15.20
15.61
15.56
540.91
11.46
10.38
8.15
11.96
See footnotes at end of table.
115
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Services—Continued
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
83
832
833
835
836
839
31.4
32.1
30.0
30.3
32.3
30.9
31.1
32.1
30.5
29.2
32.0
31.1
31.2
31.7
30.4
29.6
32.4
30.8
31.0
31.6
30.4
29.8
32.0
30.5
Membership organizations:
Professional organizations
862
35.7
34.8
34.9
35.2
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services
87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8741
8742
8743
37.4
39.4
39.6
38.4
39.1
36.3
37.1
39.5
30.6
36.6
36.0
34.6
37.1
34.2
36.9
38.9
39.0
38.0
38.8
35.8
36.5
39.2
29.4
36.2
35.5
34.5
36.2
33.3
37.0
39.0
39.1
38.7
38.7
36.3
36.3
38.8
28.8
36.7
35.7
34.6
35.6
31.5
37.0
39.0
39.1
38.4
38.9
36.3
36.5
38.9
29.3
36.6
35.6
34.5
35.7
32.1
Services, nee
89
37.2
35.9
39.1
39.1
See footnotes at end of table.
16
1
Average overtime hours
Sept.
1994P
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Services~~Contlnu6d
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee
1987
SIC
Code
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1994"
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
83
832
833
835
836
839
$7.83
8.38
7.60
6.52
8.05
8.84
$7.93
8.48
7.79
6.71
8.10
9.01
$8.06
8.60
7.82
6.68
8.32
9.30
$8.05
8.53
7.90
6.65
8.32
9.35
$245.86
269.00
228.00
197.56
260.02
273.16
$246.62
272.21
237.60
195.93
259.20
280.21
$251.47
272.62
237.73
197.73
269.57
286.44
$249.55
269.55
240.16
198.17
266.24
285.18
Membership organizations:
Professional organizations
862
15.13
15.14
15.54
15.49
540.14
526.87
542.35
545.25
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services
87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8741
8742
8743
15.10
16.19
16.81
14.88
11.43
13.34
16.04
18.03
12.57
17.50
14.03
12.72
16.44
13.89
15.12
16.29
16.90
14.99
11.57
13.12
16.20
18.22
12.74
17.62
14.03
12.66
16.52
13.84
15.28
16.41
17.12
14.83
11.63
13.39
16.31
18.49
11.92
17.85
14.21
13.03
16.43
13.47
15.25
16.43
17.13
14.82
11.76
13.41
16.18
18.30
11.94
17.79
14.15
13.00
16.33
13.22
564.74
637.89
665.68
571.39
446.91
484.24
595.08
712.19
384.64
640.50
505.08
440.11
609.92
475.04
557.93
633.68
659.10
569.62
448.92
469.70
591.30
714.22
374.56
637.84
498.07
436.77
598.02
460.87
565.36
639.99
669.39
573.92
450.08
486.06
592.05
717.41
343.30
655.10
507.30
450.84
584.91
424.31
564.25
640.77
669.78
569.09
457.46
486.78
590.57
711.87
349.84
651.11
503.74
448.50
582.98
424.36
Services, nee
89
15.72
15.79
14.57
14.33
584.78
566.86
569.69
Sept.
1994P
560.30
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table B-15a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and
guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing.
3
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
4
Money payments only; tips, not included.
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are subject to
revision.
5
117
A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missiles
and Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing
For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics average
hourly earning series for production workers in aircraft
manufacturing (sic 3721) and guided missiles and space
vehicles manufacturing (sic 3761) have been used to
escalate labor costs in contracts between aerospace
companies and their customers. Although the Bureau's
series by definition take account of traditional wage rate
changes, they do not capture "lump-sum payments to
workers in lieu of general wage increases" which were
negotiated in aerospace manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
Because of special circumstances in the aerospace
industry, BLS has calculated average hourly earnings
series for SIC 3721 and SIC 3761 which include lump-sum
payments. These series, beginning in October 1983, the
effective date of the first aerospace bargaining agreement
using lump-sum payments, were published in the June
1988 issue of Employment and Earnings. Current and year
earlier data are presented in table B-15a along with the
average hourly earnings series produced as part of the
Current Employment Statistics program. An explanation
of the methodology used to derive these series appears in
the Explanatory Notes of this publication.
B-15a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing
Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
Aircraft (SIC 3721)
Series
July
1993
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
July
1993
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Average hourly earnings,
excluding lump-sum payments
$18.38
$18.42
$19.38
$19.83
$17.40
$17.43
$18.41
T18 45
Average hourly earnings,
including lump-sum payments
19.02
19.16
19.50
19.90
17.42
17.46
18.45
18.50
= preliminary.
118
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-16. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
$11.13
$11.24
$11.42
$11.35
$11.44
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
11.69
9.18
8.95
11.13
13.14
11.09
12.08
11.81
11.95
9.33
9.15
11.91
12.01
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Industry
Manufacturing
1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
9.23
9.33
9.15
11.35
13.29
14.85
11.84
9.01
11.28
13.30
11.21
12.15
10.80
15.09
11.91
8.99
9.07
12.00
9.28
10.42
9.81
16.80
8.44
6.89
12.61
11.49
10.52
9.86
10.72
10.04
15.70
8.47
19.49
8.65
17.39
8.63
6.97
7.12
12.97
11.63
14.37
17.73
10.18
7.73
Q
10.61
10.77
13.97
17.19
10.00
7.39
12.77
11.55
14.12
17.44
10.10
7.45
11.37
13.40
11.23
12.20
11.02
11.21
15.54
15.38
11.99
12.15
10.97
9.24
9.94
7.15
12.92
11.60
14.33
17.55
10.04
7.69
8
8
ft
ft
ft
s?
ft
ft
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are
subject to revision.
119
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-17. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major Industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
Average hourly earnings
Industry
Average weekly earnings
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
$10.78
7.33
$10.91
7.41
$11.04
7.34
$11.04
7.30
$11.20
Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
14.44
9.82
14.54
9.88
14.73
9.79
14.71
9.73
$14.86
Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
14.45
9.83
14.52
9.86
14.72
9.78
14.77
9.77
$14.93
Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
11.70
7.96
11.85
8.05
12.04
8.00
12.00
7.94
$12.13
Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
13.62
9.27
13.67
9.29
13.84
9.20
13.87
9.17
$13.91
Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
11.75
7.99
11.80
8.02
12.00
7.97
11.96
7.91
$12.05
Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
7.24
4.93
7.32
4.97
7.44
4.94
7.43
4.91
$7.54
Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
11.39
7.75
11.41
7.75
11.72
7.79
11.73
7.76
$11.83
Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
10.66
7.25
10.83
7.36
10.92
7.26
10.92
7.22
$11.12
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
* = preliminary.
120
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
Aug.
1993
Sept.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Sept.
1994P
$378.38 $376.40 $385.30 $386.40 $389.76
257.40 255.71 256.01 255.56
ft
648.36
441.06
647.03
439.56
661.38
439.46
663.42
438.77
$674.64
572.22
389.27
556.12
377.80
584.38
388.29
587.85
388.79
$597.20
485.55
330.31
491.78
334.09
500.86
332.80
504.00
333.33
$513.10
548.89
373.39
544.07
369.61
557.75
370.60
560.35
370.60
$560.57
451.20
306.94
449.58
305.42
460.80
306.18
458.07
302.96
$462.72
215.03
146.28
210.82
143.22
220.97
146.82
220.67
145.95
$218.66
414.60
282.04
406.20
275.95
418.40
278.01
416.42
275.41
$418.78
352.85
240.03
349.81
237.64
358.18
237.99
357.08
236.16
$360.29
0
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1993 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1993 forward are subject to
revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
41.3
41.2
42.7
$10.32
11.15
12.60
$10.69
11.64
13.15
$10.65
11.66
13.12
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
41.4
42.1
42.7
Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
Aug.
1993
41.5
41.7
42.3
Average weekly earnings
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994*
$427.25
469.42
538.02
$443.64
485.39
556.25
$439.85
480.39
560.22
Alaska
51.2
59.2
53.2
10.78
10.32
10.42
551.94
610.94
554.34
Arizona
40.8
41.7
41.6
11.03
10.93
10.82
450.02
455.78
450.11
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
41.7
42.5
41.0
42.6
41.9
42.3
42.3
41.5
42.3
42.4
42.5
42.9
42.9
42.1
42.5
9.32
9.14
9.48
10.08
10.71
9.75
9.50
9.70
10.51
11.13
9.71
9.51
9.65
10.45
11.34
388.64
388.45
388.68
429.41
448.75
412.43
401.85
402.55
444.57
471.91
412.68
407.98
413.99
439.95
481.95
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
,
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
,
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
41.2
41.4
41.5
41.8
43.0
41.8
40.6
41.4
41.5
39.7
39.8
40.2
41.7
39.2
39.6
44.4
39.9
40.9
41.3
40.0
41.9
41.8
42.4
42.2
40.7
41.6
41.3
40.8
40.2
40.2
41.0
41.8
39.7
41.6
39.7
41.2
41.5
38.0
42.0
41.8
43.2
47.3
40.8
41.6
41.8
41.2
40.4
40.9
41.1
41.5
39.3
44.8
40.2
40.0
12.40
12.54
10.57
11.61
11.87
14.64
12.21
11.27
13.00
12.64
12.44
13.68
14.87
12.80
13.26
12.10
14.42
11.63
12.57
12.54
10.84
11.74
12.15
15.57
12.36
11.48
13.34
12.76
12.52
13.87
15.31
12.55
13.81
12.09
14.88
11.83
12.51
12.46
10.87
12.65
12.03
15.30
12.39
11.33
13.29
12.88
12.51
13.70
15.31
12.53
13.87
12.02
14.92
11.88
510.88
519.16
438.66
485.30
510.41
611.95
495.73
466.58
539.50
501.81
495.11
549.94
620.08
501.76
525.10
537.24
575.36
475.67
519.14
501.60
454.20
490.73
515.16
657.05
503.05
477.57
550.94
520.61
503.30
557.57
627.71
524.59
548.26
502.94
590.74
487.40
519.17
473.48
456.54
528.77
519.70
723.69
505.51
471.33
555.52
530.66
505.40
560.33
629.24
520.00
545.09
538.50
599.78
475.20
Colorado
Denver
41.4
41.6
41.0
40.9
41.1
40.9
12.15
13.00
12.38
12.59
12.28
12.62
503.01
540.80
507.58
514.93
504.71
516.16
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
42.1
40.8
42.6
42.4
41.2
43.0
43.5
42.5
42.0
43.8
43.2
42.8
41.5
43.1
42.7
42.9
42.8
43.1
42.5
41.6
44.8
12.97
13.57
12.79
13.80
12.83
12.79
11.67
13.66
14.11
13.01
14.14
12.88
13.19
12.41
13.57
13.84
13.10
14.00
12.75
13.27
12.15
546.04
553.66
544.85
585.12
528.60
549.97
507.65
580.55
592.62
569.84
610.85
551.26
547.39
534.87
579.44
593.74
560.68
603.40
541.88
552.03
544.32
Delaware
Wilmington-Newark
43.1
44.2
42.5
43.7
43.1
44.4
13.30
15.66
13.53
15.85
13.46
16.26
573.23
692.17
575.03
692.65
580.13
721.94
District of Columbia:
39.8
Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah
Hawaii
Honolulu
Idaho
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
,
39.7
13.18
13.34
13.82
524.56
545.61
548.65
40.9
41.4
9.75
10.02
9.94
398.78
409.82
411.52
42.1
42.1
44.2
Florida
40.9
40.9
Washington PMSA
42.3
42.1
49.4
42.5
41.9
46.7
10.11
11.12
13.10
10.31
11.46
13.55
10.29
11.34
13.44
425.63
466.15
579.02
436.11
482.47
669.37
437.33
475.15
627.65
40.4
38.4
38.3
37.9
37.4
37.3
11.96
12.48
12.11
12.70
12.24
12.84
483.18
479.23
463.81
481.33
457.78
478.93
41.2
39.8
39.9
11.82
11.70
11.62
465.66
463.64
41.5
43.2
42.5
41.6
40.8
42.8
41.4
42.6
41.5
39.8
41.8
43.1
40.6
41.8
41.3
42.6
41.7
41.1
42.5
40.1
42.0
43.4
40.4
41.9
41.1
42.5
41.9
41.2
43.0
39.8
12.04
16.00
10.52
12.12
13.85
15.22
12.78
14.93
12.76
11.72
12.27
16.63
10.62
12.24
13.99
14.43
13.17
14.86
13.78
11.80
12.29
17.22
10.82
12.26
13.95
14.42
13.29
14.91
13.66
11.78
499.66
691.20
447.10
504.19
565.08
651.42
529.09
636.02
529.54
466.46
512.89
716.75
431.17
511.63
577.79
614.72
549.19
610.75
585.65
473.18
516.18
747.35
437.13
513.69
573.35
612.85
556.85
614.29
587.38
468.84
42.5
45.1
39.7
42.8
42.0
42.2
41.4
40.3
51.2
41.6
42.7
21.6
40.2
51.0
43.0
13.12
12.08
11.14
13.13
12.85
13.62
12.43
11.11
11.75
13.96
13.54
11.08
11.13
11.85
13.89
557.60
544.81
442.26
561.96
539.70
574.76
514.60
447.73
601.60
580.74
578.16
239.33
447.43
604.35
597.27
See footnotes at end of table.
121
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
Indiana-Continued
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
43.7
42.1
44.6
42.3
44.5
40.9
47.1
44.0
43.2
41.6
44.3
46.3
42.4
43.0
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City
41.4
40.9
41.5
41.4
39.1
Kansas
Topeka
Wichita
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
41.8
43.6
44.5
42.7
46.2
43.0
43.5
$17.32
14.41
18.42
14.30
14.30
11.94
13.15
$17.70
14.75
18.56
14.42
15.40
12.34
13.26
41.8
42.4
40.0
42.1
42.3
42.6
42.9
43.3
42.3
41.9
12.06
14.71
13.27
12.43
9.70
41.8
43.8
41.3
41.4
41.2
40.7
41.3
44.6
41.3
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
40.6
40.9
41.7
41.3
41.8
41.5
Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
42.3
43.3
41.0
41.8
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
Average weekly earnings
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
$17.34
14.76
18.14
14.25
10.27
12.17
13.20
$756.88
606.66
821.53
604.89
636.35
488.35
619.37
$778.80
637.20
772.10
638.81
713.02
523.22
570.18
$724.81
643.54
807.23
608.48
474.47
523.31
574.20
12.41
15.16
12.79
13.25
10.36
12.32
15.44
12.67
13.13
10.22
499.28
601.64
550.71
514.60
379.27
518.74
642.78
511.60
557.83
438.23
524.83
662.38
548.61
555.40
428.22
11.94
14.04
14.17
12.00
14.68
14.03
12.01
14.88
14.28
499.09
614.95
585.22
496.80
604.82
571.02
496.01
663.65
589.76
41.3
42.8
42.0
11.48
12.12
13.17
12.07
13.13
13.78
12.03
12.82
13.85
466.09
495.71
549.19
498.49
548.83
571.87
496.84
548.70
581.70
42.9
44.1
43.3
43.2
43.0
42.7
44.0
42.4
12.63
14.96
12.99
13.47
13.07
15.49
13.57
13.46
12.93
15.66
13.43
13.14
534.25
647.77
532.59
563.05
560.70
683.11
587.58
581.47
555.99
41.2
41.4
39.6
39.4
38.0
39.2
40.3
41.3
39.3
11.50
9.69
10.48
12.16
10.44
10.61
11.68
9.47
10.75
473.80
401.17
415.01
479.10
396.72
415.91
470.70
391.11
422.47
Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
41.2
41.4
41.6
42.0
41.7
42.5
12.72
13.41
13.02
13.70
13.20
13.82
524.06
555.17
541.63
575.40
550.44
587.35
Massachusetts
Boston
Springfield
Worcester
41.3
40.9
42.3
40.7
41.5
40.8
42.5
41.1
41.6
40.9
42.9
41.2
12.34
13.11
12.66
11.42
12.64
13.29
12.62
11.70
12.58
13.31
12.57
11.70
509.64
536.20
535.52
464.79
524.56
542.23
536.35
480.87
523.33
544.38
539.25
482.04
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
42.9
44.5
43.6
43.2
42.7
42.9
43.6
41.7
42.8
42.9
42.6
44.3
47.7
41.9
43.4
42.9
41.3
42.4
44.6
45.6
46.8
48.3
42.3
44.1
44.1
44.4
45.7
15.10
16.24
16.36
19.93
12.60
10.83
14.57
15.81
17.17
16.04
16.84
17.46
22.18
12.69
11.32
14.69
17.24
17.02
16.08
17.05
17.23
22.19
12.99
11.52
14.87
17.39
17.42
647.79
722.68
713.30
860.98
538.02
464.61
635.25
659.28
734.88
688.12
717.38
773.48
1057.99
531.71
491.29
630.20
712.01
721.65
717.17
777.48
806.36
1071.78
549.48
508.03
655.77
772.12
796.09
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud
41.0
38.7
41.3
40.0
40.9
41.3
41.2
40.2
41.2
41.0
41.8
40.4
12.12
11.34
12.97
10.91
12.51
13.19
11.46
12.38
11.68
13.21
11.53
496.92
438.86
535.66
436.40
511.66
491.06
543.43
460.69
510.06
478.88
552.18
465.81
40.9
40.8
41.4
41.4
41.4
40.5
9.14
9.72
9.38
10.08
9.36
9.97
373.83
396.58
388.33
417.31
387.50
403.79
40.9
40.9
42.3
42.1
41.9
42.0
42.6
41.0
42.3
43.2
41.9
41.8
11.54
13.09
13.76
9.93
11.61
13.49
13.55
10.10
11.54
13.54
13.62
10.05
471.99
535.38
582.05
418.05
486.46
566.58
577.23
414.10
488.14
584.93
570.68
420.09
Montana
37.7
39.2
40.0
12.41
12.49
12.46
467.86
489.61
498.40
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
42.7
43.2
41.9
42.5
42.6
41.1
42.9
43.4
42.2
10.56
12.22
10.98
11.13
12.95
11.91
11.00
12.59
11.85
450.91
527.90
460.06
473.03
551.67
489.50
471.90
546.41
500.07
Nevada
Las Vegas
41.4
40.6
40.7
39.1
40.4
39.8
11.51
12.75
11.88
13.08
11.76
13.33
476.51
517.65
483.52
511.43
475.10
530.53
Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
See footnotes at end of table.
122
,
590.92
557.14
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
42.7
42.7
42.0
42.1
$11.70
11.64
14.60
11.05
$11.55
11.60
13.82
11.29
41.7
42.1
12.94
41.8
40.7
41.0
40.6
41.2
40.1
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmlra
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
40.1
40.6
41.0
43.5
40.9
42.0
39.0
37.9
37.5
40.8
40.6
43.0
41.7
41.7
40.2
40.4
41.1
42.1
42.2
37.9
43.3
39.9
37.8
37.3
40.5
42.5
42.4
42.6
41.4
41.5
North Carolina
Asheville
Chariotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
41.0
40.1
41.4
40.5
41.6
North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead
Average weekly earnings
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
$11.80
11.65
14.02
11.10
$491.40
483.06
597.14
466.31
$473.55
502.28
569.38
397.41
$503.86
497.46
588.84
467.31
13.38
13.27
537.01
557.95
558.67
9.83
10.32
10.16
10.56
9.91
10.68
410.89
420.02
416.56
428.74
408.29
428.27
40.7
41.0
41.7
43.3
41.1
44.3
40.0
38.2
37.9
40.9
42.4
42.5
42.7
40.7
40.6
11.95
13.46
9.80
14.95
11.14
11.12
11.30
10.72
10.41
10.36
13.83
14.05
13.25
10.95
12.20
12.18
13.75
10.20
14.95
10.65
11.25
11.36
10.97
10.68
10.84
14.00
13.85
12.91
11.21
12.26
12.17
13.89
10.26
15.45
10.43
11.44
11.33
10.96
10.70
10.77
13.90
13.92
13.00
11.01
12.06
479.20
546.48
401.80
650.33
455.63
467.04
440.70
406.29
390.38
422.69
561.50
604.15
552.53
456.62
490.44
492.07
565.13
429.42
630.89
403.64
487.13
453.26
414.67
398.36
439.02
595.00
587.24
549.97
464.09
508.79
495.32
569.49
427.84
668.99
428.67
506.79
453.20
418.67
405.53
440.49
589.36
591.60
555.10
448.11
489.64
41.1
41.8
40.9
40.4
41.5
41.4
41.6
41.6
41.3
41.0
9.81
9.82
10.48
10.41
10.44
10.20
9.99
10.78
10.79
10.99
10.17
10.03
10.75
10.73
10.94
402.21
393.78
433.87
421.61
434.30
419.22
417.58
440.90
435.92
456.09
421.04
417.25
447.20
443.15
448.54
42.3
43.0
43.2
42.0
43.3
42.8
9.95
9.32
10.27
10.16
10.23
9.65
420.89
400.76
443.66
426.72
442.96
413.02
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorairv-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
42.7
42.9
40.3
42.3
42.6
42.1
43.6
43.9
42.5
43.0
43.4
41.7
43.4
42.9
41.8
44.7
43.7
43.3
43.6
44.0
40.9
43.9
43.7
41.7
46.0
44.5
44.7
13.98
12.75
12.48
12.93
13.82
13.02
15.26
15.43
15.75
14.19
12.46
12.50
13.06
14.05
13.34
15.46
15.58
16.61
14.35
12.53
12.37
13.28
14.07
13.33
15.67
15.64
16.94
596.95
546.98
502.94
546.94
588.73
548.14
665.34
677.38
669.38
610.17
540.76
521.25
566.80
602.75
557.61
691.06
680.85
719.21
625.66
551.32
505.93
582.99
614.86
555.86
720.82
695.98
757.22
Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
41.5
42.3
40.5
41.5
41.5
41.6
43.1
42.7
41.6
11.16
11.93
12.17
11.36
12.52
12.29
11.38
12.95
11.74
463.14
504.64
492.89
471.44
519.58
511.26
490.48
552.97
488.38
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
40.0
40.1
42.4
40.2
36.0
40.1
38.8
40.4
40.0
40.2
40.5
39.2
41.2
40.8
39.7
12.19
12.42
11.83
12.55
9.95
12.26
12.43
11.91
12.87
9.84
12.14
12.81
12.02
12.72
9.46
487.60
498.04
501.59
504.51
358.20
491.63
482.28
481.16
514.60
395.57
491.67
502.15
495.22
518.98
375.56
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Cariisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
41.3
40.4
41.1
43.1
40.3
39.6
41.5
40.7
42.3
41.5
39.8
44.0
40.5
42.4
42.6
41.6
40.4
41.0
43.4
40.0
40.5
40.7
41.4
42.1
42.1
40.8
44.0
40.8
41.9
43.6
42.1
40.4
41.5
45.7
40.4
40.1
40.5
42.0
42.7
43.0
40.7
45.9
39.3
42.9
43.1
12.10
11.44
10.00
12.87
11.48
9.19
11.95
13.39
13.23
12.56
10.60
12.09
10.52
10.28
12.31
12.47
12.10
10.39
13.05
11.89
9.23
12.37
13.71
13.37
13.06
10.90
12.45
10.45
10.96
12.63
12.48
11.89
10.57
13.29
11.88
9.11
12.40
13.71
13.43
13.19
10.92
12.43
10.84
11.16
12.52
499.73
462.18
411.00
554.70
462.64
363.92
495.93
544.97
559.63
521.24
421.88
531.96
426.06
435.87
524.41
518.75
488.84
425.99
566.37
475.60
373.82
503.46
567.59
562.88
549.83
444.72
547.80
426.36
459.22
550.67
525.41
480.36
438.66
607.35
479.95
365.31
502.20
575.82
573.46
567.17
444.44
570.54
426.01
478.76
539.61
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
nvw nwnpsnirv
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
42.0
41.5
40.9
42.2
41.0
43.3
41.2
35.2
New Jersey
41.5
New Mexico
Albuquerque
• ittsoLircin ••••••><•••••••«•••••••
•...•••••••••..••..•..•••••
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
See footnotes at end of table.
123
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994?
$10.54
10.68
$402.48
399.50
$426.62
420.40
$412.11
414.38
10.02
10.05
409.34
413.83
418.08
8.81
9.06
9.05
9.23
9.53
9.97
9.15
9.95
9.68
357.69
370.55
359.29
384.89
385.01
420.73
373.32
394.02
416.24
40.0
41.7
37.4
38.9
41.4
39.6
10.31
9.74
10.42
10.06
10.47
11.47
10.45
10.02
9.92
10.36
11.03
11.25
10.47
9.92
9.89
10.29
11.02
11.31
421.68
394.47
408.46
401.39
431.36
470.27
419.05
418.84
369.02
406.11
457.75
450.00
418.80
413.66
369.89
400.28
456.23
447.88
43.0
42.6
42.7
44.6
42.5
43.2
43.3
43.2
44.2
42.8
10.99
10.77
12.40
13.51
8.54
11.13
11.05
12.54
13.63
9.02
11.11
10.89
12.66
13.56
9.01
470.37
464.19
527.00
601.20
359.53
478.59
470.73
535.46
607.90
383.35
479.95
471.54
546.91
599.35
385.63
40.0
40.7
40.3
41.2
41.0
42.5
11.18
11.39
11.30
11.47
11.39
11.63
447.20
463.57
455.39
472.56
494.28
Vermont
Burlington
41.4
41.3
40.2
41.4
41.8
40.0
11.63
11.22
11.44
11.38
11.63
11.37
481.48
463.39
459.89
471.13
486.13
454.80
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
41.3
39.4
40.9
41.5
42.3
41.5
42.9
42.2
41.9
44.0
35.9
46.6
42.8
41.1
42.6
42.4
41.8
44.4
38.3
42.9
44.2
40.8
43.2
41.4
10.86
9.64
9.79
10.76
10.58
12.20
13.89
12.26
11.23
10.49
10.19
11.94
10.78
11.95
14.41
12.33
11.20
10.38
10.27
11.18
10.76
12.15
14.63
11.94
448.52
379.82
400.41
446.54
447.53
506.30
595.88
517.37
470.54
461.56
365.82
556.40
461.38
491.15
613.87
522.79
468.16
460.87
393.34
479.62
475.59
495.72
632.02
494.32
Washington
39.6
39.9
40.1
13.76
14.31
13.99
544.90
570.97
561.00
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
40.8
44.4
41.3
41.0
40.1
40.9
47.1
41.7
41.8
38.8
41.6
47.0
42.8
42.7
40.4
12.21
14.87
14.49
14.71
13.75
12.51
14.52
14.86
14.85
14.85
12.56
14.56
14.13
14.83
14.18
498.17
660.23
598.44
603.11
551.38
511.66
683.89
619.66
620.73
576.18
522.50
684.32
604.76
633.24
572.87
41.7
43.1
40.1
42.2
40.4
38.8
40.9
40.2
41.4
40.8
42.2
42.4
42.5
44.3
43.5
41.8
43.3
40.1
42.3
41.7
41.5
40.7
42.5
43.4
42.8
44.4
43.0
41.8
45.9
40.4
41.1
41.9
41.9
40.7
45.4
44.0
11.98
13.06
11.89
12.72
14.78
12.79
10.17
11.17
13.31
12.06
12.21
11.73
12.21
13.59
12.55
12.93
17.05
12.77
10.09
11.53
13.45
12.98
12.09
11.62
12.21
13.44
12.57
12.97
16.73
13.66
10.07
11.60
13.57
12.08
12.03
11.79
499.57
562.89
476.79
536.78
597.11
496.25
415.95
449.03
551.03
492.05
515.26
497.35
518.93
602.04
545.93
540.47
738.27
512.08
426.81
480.80
558.18
528.29
513.83
504.31
522.59
596.74
540.51
542.15
767.91
551.86
413.88
486.04
568.58
491.66
546.16
518.76
Wyoming
38.9
39.0
39.6
11.87
12.04
11.92
461.74
469.56
472.03
Puerto Rico
39.5
40.1
40.1
7.09
7.29
7.32
280.06
292.33
293.53
43.6
42.7
43.5
15.13
15.09
15.02
659.67
644.34
653.37
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
39.1
38.8
$10.40
10.27
$10.38
10.51
41.3
41.6
9.84
40.6
40.9
39.7
41.7
40.4
42.2
40.8
39.6
43.0
40.9
40.5
39.2
39.9
41.2
41.0
40.1
41.8
37.2
39.2
41.5
40.0
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio
42.8
43.1
42.5
44.5
42.1
Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden
Providence-Fall River-Warwick .
South Carolina
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
Tennessee
,
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol...
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Dallas
ZZZ1
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
38.7
38.9
41.1
40.0
41.6
Rhode Island
Aug.
1993
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this
124
publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1993
benchmarks.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1
(Numbers in thousands)
Census region and
division
1993
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
1994
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May.
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
NORTHEAST
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
39,589 39,596 39,599 39,601 39,696 39,697 39,695 39,700 39,704 39,715 39,720 39,732 39,749
25,525 25,562 25,527 25,469 25,464 25,379 25,622 25,410 25,250 25,488 25,708 25,548 25,430
23,726 23,754 23,772 23,734 23,765 23,677 23,794 23,637 23,652 23,848 24,008 23,904 23,859
1,800 1,807 1,755 1,735 1,700 1,702 1,828 1,773 1,598 1,640 1,699 1,645 1,571
6.8
7.1
7.1
6.9
7.1
6.7
7.0
6.7
6.3
6.4
6.6
6.2
6.4
New England
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
10,218 10,218 10,219 10,221 10,221 10,219 10,216 10,216 10,215 10,217 10,216 10,217 10,221
7,004 6,949 6,944
7,000 6,909 6,879 6,911
7,065 7,055 6,979 6,963 6,977 7,031
6,608 6,599 6,547 6,541 6,518 6,588 6,592 6,519 6,473 6,509 6,571 6,517 6,569
432
457
423
459
407
390
444
406
402
433
375
457
432
6.2
6.5
6.1
5.6
5.9
5.8
6.2
5.4
5.8
6.5
6.3
6.2
Middle Atlantic
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
29,351 29,358 29,363 29,366 29,475 29,478 29,479 29,484 29,488 29,498 29,504 29,515 29,528
18,460 18,506 18,548 18,506 18,488 18,347 18,623 18,500 18,371 18,578 18,703 18,599 18,486
17,118 17,155 17,225 17,193 17,247 17,089 17,202 17,117 17,179 17,339 17,437 17,386 17,290
1,342 1,351 1,323 1,313 1,241 1,258 1,421 1,383 1,191 1,239 1,266 1,213 1,196
7.1
7.1
7.3
7.5
6.7
7.3
6.5
6.8
7.6
6.7
6.5
6.5
SOUTH
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
66,832 66,911 66,989 67,057 68,136 68,206 68,273 68,347 68,420 68,506 68,588 68,674 68,766
44,224 44,400 44,577 44,567 44,907 44,882 44,688 44,983 45,136 44,935 45,094 45,254 45,511
41,540 41,547 41,790 41,907 42,067 42,040 41,854 42,238 42,459 42,289 42,434 42,645 42,904
2,684 2,853 2,787 2,660 2,840 2,842 2,834 2,745 2,677 2,646 2,660 2,609 2,607
6.3
6.4
6.0
6.1
6.3
6.3
6.1
6.3
5.9
5.9
5.9
5.7
5.8
South Atlantic
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
35,082 35,128 35,171 35,212 35,251 35,288 35,322 35,360 35,399 35,445 35,487 35,532 35,580
22,936 23,032 23,081 23,132 23,225 23,281 23,197 23,239 23,298 23,295 23,233 23,353 23,626
21,619 21,608 21,740 21,783 21,750 21,902 21,777 21,847 21,937 22,013 21,941 22,138 22,291
1,425 1,341 1,350 1,475 1,379 1,420 1,391 1,361 1,283 1,291 1,215 1,334
1,317
5.8
6.2
5.8
5.7
6.3
6.1
6.0
5.8
5.6
5.9
5.5
5.2
5.6
East South Central
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
11,976 11,990 12,002 12,015 12,027 12,038 12,047 12,059 12,069 12,083 12,095 12,108 12,123
7,509 7,475 7,495 7,522 7,656 7,599 7,597 7,718 7,819 7,670 7,696 7,741 7,770
7,024 7,055 7,111 7,178 7,109 7,190 7,294 7,423 7,246 7,269 7,296 7,362
7,041
451
440
411
478
468
490
407
423
395
424
427
445
408
6.0
5.9
5.5
6.2
6.2
6.4
5.4
5.5
5.1
5.5
5.6
5.8
5.3
West South Central
Civilian noninstitutionai population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
20,750 20,779 20,806 20,832 20,858 20,881 20,903 20,927 20,951 20,978 21,006 21,033 21,063
13,779 13,892 14,001 13,912 14,027 14,002 13,894 14,027 14,019 13,969 14,165 14,159 14,115
12,880 12,915 12,995 13,013 13,139 13,029 12,887 13,097 13,099 13,030 13,224 13,211 13,251
977 1,006
899
899
888
921
973 1,007
930
939
941
864
948
7.2
6.5
7.0
6.5
6.3
7.2
6.6
6.9
6.6
6.7
6.6
6.7
6.1
See footnotes at end of table.
125
HOUSEHOLD DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Census region and
division
1993
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
1994
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May.
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
MIDWEST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
46,253 46,287 46,317 46,346 46,038 46,054 46,069 46,093 46,116 46,145 46,170 46,202 46,237
31,384 31,500 31,614 31,696 31,710 31,931 31,768 31,764 31,886 31,705 31,590 31,721 31,897
29,524 29,632 29,792 29,880 29,819 30,188 29,929 30,100 30,371 30,273 29,903 30,116 30,307
1,815
1,838
1,687
1,590
1,868
1,891
1,743
1,664
1,514
1,432
1,606
1,860
1,822
5.7
5.8
5.3
5.0
5.9
6.0
5.5
5.2
4.7
4.5
5.1
5.9
5.8
East North Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
32,495 32,516 32,535 32,553 32,570 32,582 32,591 32,608 32,622 32,643 32,660 32,682 32,706
21,770 21,857 21,988 22,118 22,129 22,330 22,236 22,182 22,187 22,049 21,960 21,951 22,160
20,355 20,464 20,621 20,770 20,711 20,995 20,886 20,940 20,992 20,973 20,649 20,743 20,979
1,349
1,350
1,181
1,393
1,367
1,418
1,335
1,243
1,195
1,311
1,208
1,416
1,076
6.1
6.4
6.4
6.0
6.1
5.6
5.4
6.0
5.5
5.3
6.5
6.2
4.9
West North Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
13,433 13,442 13,452 13,459 13,468 13,473 13,478 13,485 13,493 13,502 13,510 13,520 13,531
9,737
9,614 9,643 9,626 9,577 9,581
9,601
9,532 9,582 9,698 9,656 9,630 9,771
9,168
9,170
9,111
9,108
9,193 9,044 9,161
9,380 9,300 9,254 9,373 9,328
9,171
377
475
444
466
473
408
488
421
319
356
398
409
455
4.1
3.9
4.9
4.6
4.9
4.9
4.3
5.1
4.4
3.3
3.7
4.2
4.7
WEST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
41,297 41,357 41,415 41,469 42,083 42,133 42,175 42,222 42,271 42,327 42,381 42,436 42,496
27,801 27,914 27,936 28,037 28,589 28,600 28,515 28,411 28,458 28,071 28,271 28,703 28,610
25,582 25,723 25,848 25,997 26,302 26,433 26,456 26,218 26,390 26,000 26,187 26,545 26,595
2,059 2,193
2,068 2,071
2,084 2,158
2,016
2,219 2,191
2,088 2,041
2,287 2,167
7.3
7.6
7.3
7.4
7.0
7.8
8.0
8.0
7.2
7.7
7.4
7.5
7.5
Mountain
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
10,991 11,019 11,045 11,071 11,096 11,123 11,146 11,170 11,195 11,222 11,251 11,277 11,305
7,386 7,432 7,472 7,487 7,622 7,794 7,802 7,800 7,767 7,637 7,699 7,932 7,850
6,956 7,009 7,055 7,107
7,232 7,394 7,408 7,392 7,348 7,229 7,290 7,476 7,409
424
380
400
419
456
409
442
429
417
390
395
408
407
5.7
5.1
5.3
5.8
5.1
5.1
5.4
5.8
5.6
5.6
5.1
5.2
5.3
Pacific
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
30,880 30,909 30,937 30,963 30,987 31,010 31,029 31,052 31,075 31,105 31,130 31,159 31,191
20,415 20,482 20,464 20,550 20,967 20,806 20,713 20,611 20,691 20,434 20,572 20,771 20,760
18,626 18,714 18,793 18,889 19,070 19,038 19,049 18,826 19,042 18,770 18,897 19,070 19,186
1,767
1,661
1,897
1,767
1,702
1,675
1,574
1,790
1,671
1,664
1,785
1,649
1,664
8.6
8.1
8.5
8.8
8.2
9.0
8.0
8.7
8.0
8.1
8.2
8.1
7.6
1
These estimates may differ from the results obtained from summing the
official State estimates produced and published through the Local Area
Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that compose the
various census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic:
New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of
Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia,
and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and
126
Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas;
East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West
North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota,
and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,
New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii,
Oregon, and Washington. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data
for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1094" in the February 1994 issue
of Employment and Earnings.
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1994
1993
State
Aug."
Aug.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
1,993.4
1,840.3
153.1
7.7
1,993.0
1,840.7
152.4
1,999.2
1,847.1
152.1
7.6
1,995.1
1,847.4
1,987.0
1,848.8
138.2
7.0
1,979.6
1,851.4
128.2
6.5
1,974.0
1,859.5
114.5
5.8
2,007.7
1,889.1
118.6
2,002.9
147.7
7.4
2,010.1
1,846.9
163.2
8.1
2,008.8
1,891.1
117.7
7.6
1,997.2
1,845.0
152.2
7.6
5.9
5.9
5.9
298.6
276.8
21.8
7.3
300.5
278.1
22.4
7.5
300.7
278.1
22.5
7.5
302.3
279.6
22.7
7.5
302.0
279.3
22.7
7.5
308.0
281.5
26.5
8.6
311.3
285.7
25.6
8.2
309.7
284.2
25.6
8.3
309.3
283.5
25.8
8.3
309.5
283.8
25.7
8.3
309.9
285.9
308.8
283.9
24.1
24.9
7.8
8.1
1,841.5
Civilian labor force ....
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Sept.
1,848.2
1,738.0
110.2
1,851.5
1,852.7
1,858.4
1,740.9
1,746.2
1,929.4
1,833.9
1,986.6
1,860.4
111.8
6.0
6.1
6.0
112.2
6.0
2,003.8
1,885.4
118.5
1,975.8
1,861.0
114.8
5.8
2,010.1
1,739.5
112.0
1,165.7
1,166.8
1,095.9
1,168.0
1,097.5
70.5
6.0
1,166.5
1,208.8
1,140.3
68.5
5.7
1,219.6
15,209.0
15,390.2
1,884.1
118.9
2,023.9
1,896.2
127.7
6.3
Alat
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
308.6
284.8
23.8
7.7
Arizona
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1.732.5
109.0
5.9
1,963.6
1,996.2
2.006.9
95.5
5.0
1,861.4
102.2
5.2
1,886.7
109.5
5.5
1.894.1
112.8
5.6
1,200.3
1,133.2
67.2
5.6
1.199.2
1,136.5
62.7
5.2
1.199.3
1,139.3
60.0
5.0
15,215.8
13,884.0
1,331.8
8.8
15,625.6
15,596.9
14,040.7
14,189.6
1,584.9
10.1
5.9
126.2
6.4
1.208.8
1.146.8
61.9
5.1
1,207.9
1,141.4
1,203.8
1,134.2
66.5
5.5
5.8
15,547.2
14,205.0
15.559.5
1,407.2
9.0
1,342.2
1,493.0
9.6
15,199.8
13,931.2
1,268.6
8.3
15,333.6
13,950.2
1,383.4
8.6
15,513.2
14,224.9
1,288.3
8.3
1,968.0
1,855.2
112.8
5.7
1,968.4
1,858.1
110.3
5.6
1,958.3
1,856.2
102.0
5.2
1,958.6
1.853.3
105.3
5.4
1,969.3
1,963.1
1,866.2
103.1
5.2
1,868.3
94.8
4.8
1,992.4
1.899.2
1,796.6
1,820.8
1,729.3
91.5
5.0
1,806.0
1,712.7
1,787.9
1,698.1
89.8
5.0
1,767.6
1,883.6
126.5
6.3
Arkansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
California
1,164.9
1,093.7
71.2
6.1
1,094.6
71.1
70.9
6.1
6.1
15,218.7
13,808.6
1,410.1
15,314.8
13,836.5
1,478.3
1,097.6
69.0
5.9
1,153.7
65.9
5.4
1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
15,153.9
13,771.4
1,382.5
9.1
9.3
9.7
13,860.6
1,348.4
8.9
1,913.4
1,817.2
1,913.8
1,817.9
96.0
5.0
1,929.1
1,832.1
97.0
5.0
1,943.7
1,846.7
97.0
5.0
1,954.3
1,858.1
96.2
5.0
1,787.3
1,784.4
1,785.6
1,782.4
1,676.9
1,674.6
1,676.5
1,675.6
110.4
6.2
109.8
6.2
109.1
6.1
106.8
6.0
1,779.2
1,674.4
104.8
375.3
354.5
20.8
5.5
376.6
355.2
21.4
5.7
376.6
355.2
21.4
5.7
376.9
354.9
22.0
5.8
377.8
309.2
308.8
283.0
25.7
8.3
308.5
282.9
25.7
8.3
309.8
284.3
25.4
8.2
315.7
281.4
34.3
10.9
298.4
270.5
6,741.5
6,277.3
464.2
6,798.4
6,286.1
14,066.5
9.0
14,023.5
1,366.7
8.9
Colorado
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
96.2
4.9
93.2
4.7
2.030.5
1.937.2
93.3
4.6
1,763.2
1,671.5
91.7
5.2
1,767.5
1,676.4
91.1
5.2
1.768.9
1.672.3
96.5
5.5
Connecticut
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
5.9
1,716.2
80.4
4.5
93.3
5.2
1,675.4
92.2
5.2
Delai
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
355.1
22.7
6.0
371.3
351.7
19.5
5.3
382.4
382.2
387.5
362.5
361.0
19.9
5.2
21.2
5.5
367.2
20.3
5.2
387.9
369.4
18.5
4.8
387.5
368.9
18.5
4.8
384.5
368.1
16.4
4.3
27.9
9.3
299.6
270.4
29.2
9.8
303.1
280.7
22.4
7.4
300.4
277.7
22.6
7.5
302.4
278.2
24.2
8.0
306.3
280.8
25.5
8.3
302.3
278.1
24.2
8.0
6,692.1
6,308.7
383.4
5.7
6,761.6
6,759.3
6,257.3
502.0
7.4
6,779.4
6,743.7
6,708.7
6.718.0
6,266.0
495.6
7.3
6,313.1
6,328.0
415.6
6.2
6,295.7
6.343.8
374.2
5.6
379.6
360.5
19.0
5.0
District of Columbia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
305.9
279.6
26.4
8.6
283.6
25.6
8.3
Florida1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
6,533.6
6,073.1
460.5
7.0
6,599.3
6,163.5
435.8
6.6
6,574.7
6,120.0
454.7
6.9
6,244.6
444.5
6.6
6.9
512.3
7.5
466.3
6.9
413.0
6.2
See footnotes at end of table.
127
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
1994
State
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
3,488.2
3,288.4
199.7
5.7
3,503.2
3,302.0
201.2
5.7
3,518.9
3,316.0
202.9
5.8
3.526.2
3,325.2
201.0
5.7
3.531.5
3,332.1
199.4
5.6
3,583.8
3,325.3
258.5
7.2
3.604.0
3,374.5
229.6
6.4
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
582.7
558.6
24.1
4.1
582.1
559.0
23.1
4.0
583.4
560.3
23.1
4.0
583.3
559.6
23.7
4.1
583.3
559.4
24.0
4.1
605.3
577.3
28.0
4.6
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
548.3
515.5
32.8
6.0
550.0
517.1
32.9
6.0
551.3
518.3
33.1
6.0
551.8
520.0
31.8
5.8
553.7
521.2
32.4
5.9
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
6,012.5
5,554.2
458.3
7.6
5,964.0
5,480.3
483.7
8.1
5,963.5
5,518.1
445.4
7.5
5,998.8
5,640.0
358.8
6.0
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate...
2,955.3
2,805.8
149.5
5.1
2,961.8
2,812.4
149.4
5.0
2,978.6
2,827.1
151.5
5.1
1,559.7
1,498.3
61.4
3.9
1,560.2
1.499.6
60.7
3.9
1,318.0
1,250.9
67.0
5.1
Aug."
Apr.
May
June
July
3,593.3
3,373.4
219.9
6.1
3,582.2
3,382.1
200.1
5.6
3,562.5
3.373.8
188.8
5.3
3.616.4
3,424.6
191.8
5.3
3,618.0
3,410.5
207.5
5.7
3,606.7
3,419.1
187.6
5.2
597.7
569.0
28.7
4.8
593.7
562.5
31.2
5.3
601.6
568.1
33.5
5.6
599.5
567.4
32.0
5.3
593.7
561.8
31.9
5.4
592.3
557.7
34.6
5.8
591.6
555.4
36.2
6.1
580.3
551.3
29.0
5.0
591.5
560.4
31.1
5.3
595.7
564.6
31.1
5.2
596.7
569.0
27.7
4.6
594.4
566.2
28.2
4.7
593.0
562.8
30.2
5.1
591.2
562.1
29.1
4.9
590.4
564.1
26.3
4.4
6,032.9
5,675.2
357.7
5.9
5.998.6
5.600.1
398.5
6.6
6,016.6
5,633.5
383.1
6.4
6,029.7
5,667.2
362.5
6.0
6,075.7
5,740.2
335.5
5.5
6.058.6
5.709.5
349.1
5.8
6,036.0
5.745.2
290.8
4.8
5,975.8
5,601.3
374.4
6.3
5,985.8
5,646.0
339.8
5.7
2,991.6
2,840.6
151.1
5.0
3,001.9
2,849.4
152.5
5.1
2.992.6
2.824.8
167.8
5.6
3,013.3
2,861.2
152.1
5.0
3.007.1
2,853.1
154.0
5.1
2,998.0
2,850.4
147.5
4.9
3,018.7
2.874.4
144.3
4.8
3.003.4
2,862.4
141.0
4.7
2,972.4
2.817.8
154.7
5.2
2,973.1
2.822.3
150.7
5.1
1,560.2
1,501.5
58.7
3.8
1,558.2
1.500.4
57.8
3.7
1,554.8
1,498.0
56.8
3.7
1,552.1
1,479.8
72.3
4.7
1,565.9
1.500.9
65.0
4.2
1,541.6
1.485.9
55.6
3.6
1,524.5
1,470.0
54.5
3.6
1.549.5
1,493.9
55.5
3.6
1,559.0
1,504.6
54.4
3.5
1,557.8
1,511.6
46.2
3.0
1.558.5
1.507.6
50.9
3.3
1,319.5
1,252.6
66.9
5.1
1,321.5
1,254.1
67.4
5.1
1.320.8
1,253.9
66.8
5.1
1.321.8
1,255.8
66.0
5.0
1,335.8
1,249.3
86.4
6.5
1,327.7
1,255.4
72.2
5.4
1,336.9
1,259.3
77.6
5.8
1,347.8
1.267.4
80.4
6.0
1,356.7
1,290.9
65.9
4.9
1,348.3
1.282.4
65.9
4.9
1,344.9
1,274.2
70.7
5.3
1,338.8
1,272.6
66.2
4.9
1,797.2
1,686.4
110.9
6.2
1.792.8
1,684.9
107.9
6.0
1.789.3
1.682.3
107.0
6.0
1.788.5
1.682.2
106.3
5.9
1,785.8
1,682.5
103.3
5.8
1,809.2
1,728.0
81.3
4.5
1,814.8
1,715.2
99.6
5.5
1.801.5
1,714.8
86.8
4.8
1,792.1
1,704.0
88.1
4.9
1,804.2
1,718.4
85.8
4.8
1,794.4
1,706.5
87.9
4.9
1,813.6
1,718.2
95.4
5.3
1,825.3
1,736.7
88.7
4.9
1,869.9
1,736.4
133.5
7.1
1,868.3
1,734.5
133.8
7.2
1.871.4
1.731.2
140.2
7.5
1.879.7
1.734.3
145.3
7.7
1.876.8
1.735.9
140.9
7.5
1.924.4
1.761.3
163.2
8.5
1,925.0
1,775.7
149.3
7.8
1,892.5
1,738.6
153.9
8.1
1,917.8
1,757.2
160.6
8.4
1,937.0
1.783.1
153.9
7.9
1,918.1
1,771.8
146.4
7.6
1,950.1
1,799.1
151.1
7.7
1,974.1
1,819.1
155.0
7.9
629.4
577.1
52.3
8.3
627.8
575.2
52.6
8.4
627.6
575.9
51.6
8.2
626.5
575.1
51.4
8.2
624.4
574.7
49.7
8.0
628.0
568.6
59.4
9.5
632.5
585.5
47.0
7.4
625.1
582.2
42.9
6.9
619.6
579.8
39.8
6.4
611.9
576.6
35.2
5.8
611.8
573.5
38.4
6.3
619.3
575.1
44.2
7.1
617.1
574.5
42.7
6.9
Feb.
Georgia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Haw
Illinois1
Iowa
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate...
Kansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate...
Kentucky
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ..
Louis
Civilian labor force ....
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Mai
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
128
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1994
1993
State
Aug."
Aug.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
2,671.9
2,504.7
167.2
6.3
2,674.4
2,509.6
164.8
6.2
2,680.8
2,517.2
163.6
6.1
2,680.4
2,518.4
161.9
6.0
2,682.8
2,521.1
161.7
6.0
2,689.9
2,523.7
166.2
6.2
2,698.7
2,535.7
163.0
6.0
2.661.7
2,511.0
150.7
5.7
2,645.0
2,502.7
142.3
5.4
2.658.8
2,514.8
144.0
5.4
2,663.8
2,525.1
138.7
5.2
2,671.1
2,525.5
145.6
5.5
2,683.7
2,540.8
143.0
5.3
3,170.4
2,952.5
217.9
6.9
3,185.0
2,962.7
222.3
7.0
3,191.2
2,976.3
214.9
6.7
3,175.4
2,971.7
203.7
6.4
3,161.7
2,965.8
195.9
6.2
3,172.0
2,943.8
228.2
7.2
3,130.2
2,930.4
199.9
6.4
3.141.6
2.956.6
185.0
5.9
3,127.3
2,937.1
190.2
6.1
3.155.5
2.972.5
183.0
5.8
3,158.3
2,969.2
189.1
6.0
3,218.9
3,027.5
191.4
5.9
3,172.0
2,984.2
187.8
5.9
4,728.9
4,412.9
316.0
6.7
4,717.0
4,396.4
320.6
6.8
4,736.6
4,409.5
327.1
6.9
4,713.9
4,383.2
330.7
7.0
4,748.2
4,399.3
348.9
7.3
4,803.2
4,440.6
362.6
7.5
4,796.0
4,416.3
379.8
7.9
4.752.8
4,445.0
307.7
6.5
4,817.9
4,541.5
276.4
5.7
4,769.1
4,498.7
270.5
5.7
4,735.6
4,480.0
255.6
5.4
4.745.5
4.462.3
283.2
6.0
4,743.6
4,447.0
296.6
6.3
2,469.5
2,343.8
125.6
5.1
2,475.1
2,349.8
125.3
5.1
2,475.9
2,350.6
125.3
5.1
2,483.4
2,361.6
121.8
4.9
2,487.0
2,367.1
119.8
4.8
2,539.6
2.426.3
113.3
4.5
2,582.2
2,475.0
107.3
4.2
2.545.2
2,436.3
108.9
4.3
2,562.9
2,455.3
107.6
4.2
2.594.2
2.504.0
90.3
3.5
2,550.9
2,459.2
91.7
3.6
2,516.1
2,428.9
87.2
3.5
2,547.1
2,455.6
91.6
3.6
1,214.7
1,141.1
73.6
6.1
1,219.4
1,143.4
76.0
6.2
1,222.5
1,145.9
76.7
6.3
1,221.6
1,146.2
75.4
6.2
1,221.9
1,147.6
74.3
6.1
1,226.5
1.141.8
84.7
6.9
1,216.3
1,131.3
85.0
7.0
1,215.2
1,130.9
84.2
6.9
1,229.2
1,140.0
89.2
7.3
1,240.0
1,150.0
90.0
7.3
1,244.3
1,162.8
81.5
6.6
1,248.3
1,165.8
82.5
6.6
1,254.2
1,175.2
79.0
6.3
2,646.9
2,474.4
172.5
6.5
2,651.6
2,478.3
173.3
6.5
2,657.3
2,483.3
173.9
6.5
2,658.4
2,485.2
173.1
6.5
2,660.8
2,488.1
172.7
6.5
2,667.4
2,523.8
143.5
5.4
2,637.8
2,495.1
142.7
5.4
2,643.8
2,488.8
155.0
5.9
2,646.8
2.515.3
131.6
5.0
2,643.9
2,511.0
132.9
5.0
2,658.2
2,536.7
121.5
4.6
2,661.7
2,543.2
118.5
4.5
2,680.4
2,558.5
121.8
4.5
429.0
403.1
25.8
6.0
428.1
402.8
25.3
5.9
430.0
404.5
25.5
5.9
425.2
399.8
25.3
6.0
430.1
404.8
25.3
5.9
434.8
410.4
24.4
5.6
433.9
410.6
23.2
5.4
437.2
414.8
22.3
5.1
440.5
417.3
23.2
5.3
438.5
418.0
20.5
4.7
437.1
419.1
18.0
4.1
439.4
419.6
19.9
4.5
439.5
418.4
21.1
4.8
855.1
834.1
21.0
2.5
856.5
835.9
20.5
2.4
859.8
839.0
20.8
2.4
860.6
840.5
20.1
2.3
862.1
841.6
20.4
2.4
890.7
22.3
2.5
899.2
873.7
25.5
2.8
892.2
863.9
28.3
3.2
881.7
855.3
26.4
3.0
883.6
856.1
27.6
3.1
876.1
848.8
27.3
3.1
874.9
851.8
23.1
2.6
877.2
856.5
20.7
2.4
750.9
695.5
55.4
7.4
751.6
55.8
7.4
757.2
701.4
55.9
7.4
760.2
704.8
55.3
7.3
764.7
709.0
55.7
7.3
768.1
729.4
38.8
5.0
779.4
741.4
38.0
4.9
780.2
741.1
39.1
5.0
779.2
738.0
41.2
5.3
772.2
730.5
41.7
5.4
775.7
731.0
44.7
5.8
779.1
734.1
45.0
5.8
783.5
735.8
47.7
6.1
620.7
581.1
39.5
6.4
622.3
582.0
40.3
6.5
623.2
583.2
40.0
6.4
622.7
583.8
38.8
6.2
621.5
583.8
37.7
6.1
627.0
596.8
30.2
4.8
618.2
585.0
33.2
5.4
625.7
596.9
28.8
4.6
623.5
594.6
28.9
4.6
617.0
587.4
29.5
4.8
621.8
592.5
29.3
4.7
627.3
596.9
30.4
4.8
630.0
600.6
29.4
4.7
Massachusetts
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Michigan1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Minnc
Civilian labor force ....
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Missis
Civilian labor force ....
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Mis*
Civilian labor force ....
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Moni
Civilian labor force ....
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Nebn
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Nevada
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Hampshire
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
129
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
1994
State
Aug."
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
4,007.8
3,725.9
281.9
7.0
3,988.3
3,683.3
305.0
7.6
3,992.3
3,723.3
269.0
6.7
4,042.7
3,786.1
256.6
6.3
4,018.9
3,736.6
282.3
7.0
4,065.7
3,787.7
278.0
6.8
4,029.6
3,735.0
294.7
7.3
4,022.9
3,703.8
319.1
7.9
3,967.1
3,680.7
286.5
7.2
3,928.2
3,655.9
272.2
6.9
4,007.6
3,723.8
283.8
7.1
4,060.5
3,799.2
261.4
6.4
4.098.9
3,852.5
246.4
6.0
758.6
58.8
7.8
760.1
701.5
58.5
7.7
762.2
703.8
58.5
7.7
760.0
702.9
57.1
7.5
761.5
704.8
56.7
7.4
782.5
736.7
45.8
5.9
780.4
740.2
40.2
5.2
775.2
734.7
40.5
5.2
786.9
745.9
41.0
5.2
785.1
741.8
43.2
5.5
781.1
741.7
39.4
5.0
781.5
740.5
40.9
5.2
790.1
747.1
43.0
5.4
8,620.2
7,949.7
670.5
7.8
8,556.8
7,928.0
628.8
7.3
8,624.7
7,954.1
670.6
7.8
8,605.8
7,954.7
651.1
7.6
8.597.0
7,943.3
653.7
7.6
8,621.7
8,007.7
614.0
7.1
8,578.2
7,906.5
671.7
7.8
8,686.4
7,986.9
8.1
8,652.3
7.946.8
705.5
8.2
8,524.5
7,970.2
554.4
6.5
8,600.6
7,999.8
600.8
7.0
8,730.3
8,110.0
620.3
7.1
8.633.1
8.035.2
598.0
6.9
3,520.6
3,359.8
160.8
4.6
3,523.8
3,371.8
152.0
4.3
3,547.6
3,384.1
163.5
4.6
3,553.6
3,409.5
144.1
4.1
3,565.2
3,417.4
147.8
4.1
3,558.5
3,417.6
140.9
4.0
3.586.8
3,401.6
185.2
5.2
3.572.5
3,416.8
155.7
4.4
3,587.4
3,448.9
138.5
3.9
3,588.8
3,443.5
145.3
4.0
3,560.3
3,429.3
131.1
3.7
3,567.0
3,401.1
166.0
4.7
3.612.7
3,423.8
188.8
5.2
320.1
306.2
13.9
4.3
320.9
306.9
14.0
4.4
321.4
307.2
14.1
4.4
321.4
307.7
13.7
4.3
321.7
307.7
14.0
4.4
332.5
316.7
15.8
4.7
332.7
317.6
15.1
4.5
332.3
316.4
16.0
4.8
331.4
318.7
12.7
3.8
334.5
322.3
12.2
3.7
334.1
321.4
12.7
3.8
335.4
322.7
12.7
3.8
335.8
324.6
11.2
3.3
5,494.6
5,184.0
310.6
5.7
5,459.5
5,071.5
388.0
7.1
5,474.7
5,117.6
357.1
6.5
5,511.9
5,153.2
358.7
6.5
5,550.6
5,202.6
348.0
6.3
5,513.2
5,178.0
335.2
6.1
5,609.5
5,315.3
294.2
5.2
5.595.4
5.266.2
329.2
5.9
5,548.1
5,197.4
350.7
6.3
5,598.2
5,234.6
363.6
6.5
5,545.7
5,239.6
306.1
5.5
5,472.4
5,153.0
319.3
5.8
5,436.7
5,143.0
293.7
5.4
1.528.0
1,434.2
93.8
6.1
1,519.5
1,426.5
93.0
6.1
1,523.5
1,429.1
94.3
6.2
1,523.8
1,430.1
93.7
6.1
1,524.7
1,432.4
92.3
6.1
1,580.6
1,478.9
101.7
6.4
1,577.0
1,467.9
109.1
6.9
1,563.0
1.458.1
104.9
6.7
1.564.7
1,461.5
103.2
6.6
1,565.5
1.469.9
95.5
6.1
1,544.3
1,451.7
92.6
6.0
1,543.7
1,451.2
92.5
6.0
1,543.3
1,447.4
95.9
6.2
1,591.0
1,476.7
114.3
7.2
1,595.1
1.483.7
111.4
7.0
1,602.6
1.493.2
109.4
6.8
1.613.4
1,504.9
108.6
6.7
1,613.8
1.505.9
108.0
6.7
1,608.6
1,493.1
115.5
7.2
1,604.8
1,490.2
114.6
7.1
1.608.2
1.507.7
100.5
6.3
1,607.4
1,512.8
94.6
5.9
1,642.4
1.547.0
95.3
5.8
1,652.3
1,555.5
96.8
5.9
1,670.1
1,579.1
91.0
5.4
1,680.3
1,589.7
90.6
5.4
5,928.7
5,500.4
428.3
7.2
5,915.2
5,506.6
408.6
6.9
5.889.1
5,477.9
411.2
7.0
5,899.4
5,484.1
415.3
7.0
5,889.8
5,513.3
376.5
6.4
5,800.2
5,451.2
349.1
6.0
5,739.6
5,447.7
292.0
5.1
5,913.6
5,511.1
402.5
6.8
5,880.9
5.490.0
390.9
6.6
5.918.0
5,553.1
364.9
6.2
5,969.5
5,615.3
354.2
5.9
5,912.5
5.527.9
384.6
6.5
5,867.2
5.498.5
368.6
6.3
511.0
472.3
38.8
7.6
509.7
470.5
39.2
7.7
509.7
469.4
40.3
7.9
510.3
469.4
40.9
8.0
509.8
468.6
41.2
8.1
523.7
468.8
54.9
10.5
514.9
475.8
39.1
7.6
510.3
471.7
38.6
7.6
497.3
466.5
30.8
6.2
498.6
467.8
30.8
6.2
503.8
471.0
32.8
6.5
503.0
467.7
35.3
7.0
503.4
465.9
37.4
7.4
New Jersey
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Mexico
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New York1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
North Carolina1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
North Dakota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Ohio1
Civilian labor force
Ernployed •.••••••••••••»•..•••••••••
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
....•
Oklahoma
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployment rate
Oregon
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Pennsylvania1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Rhode Island
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
130
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1993
1994
State
Aug."
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
1,830.7
1,712.3
118.5
6.5
1,813.0
1,691.9
121.0
6.7
1,821.5
1,693.9
127.7
7.0
1.821.4
1,705.4
116.0
6.4
1,820.1
1,710.3
109.8
6.0
1,826.4
1,715.5
110.9
6.1
1,835.6
1,726.2
109.5
6.0
362.3
354.1
8.2
2.3
367.8
357.6
10.3
2.8
369.6
358.5
11.0
3.0
369.2
358.8
10.4
2.8
371.2
360.4
10.7
2.9
371.6
360.2
11.4
3.1
372.9
362.0
10.9
2.9
374.5
363.9
10.6
2.8
2,515.2
2,382.6
132.6
5.3
2,596.2
2,449.7
146.5
5.6
2,597.6
2,445.7
151.8
5.8
2,611.4
2,471.6
139.8
5.4
2,641.3
2,518.1
123.2
4.7
2,643.7
2,526.7
117.1
4.4
2,624.4
2,503.1
121.3
4.6
2,628.3
2,507.9
120.4
4.6
2,622.8
2,500.5
122.3
4.7
9,359.1
8,718.1
641.0
6.8
9,301.4
8,690.7
610.7
6.6
9,314.7
8,759.8
555.0
6.0
9,307.3
8,661.5
645.8
6.9
9,317.2
8,623.4
7.4
9,354.3
8,761.4
592.9
6.3
9.372.4
8.745.3
627.1
6.7
9.414.5
8,780.6
634.0
6.7
9,500.0
8,853.7
646.3
6.8
9,416.5
8,791.0
625.5
6.6
927.0
893.7
33.2
3.6
930.5
897.9
32.6
3.5
933.2
901.5
31.7
3.4
963.3
932.7
30.5
3.2
972.8
939.7
33.2
3.4
980.4
946.7
33.7
3.4
979.1
944.5
34.6
3.5
984.7
948.1
36.6
3.7
983.3
950.2
33.1
3.4
986.6
949.6
37.0
3.8
991.0
956.0
35.0
3.5
316.6
299.9
16.7
5.3
317.8
301.1
16.6
5.2
317.9
301.7
16.2
5.1
317.1
301.1
16.0
5.0
306.9
292.2
14.7
4.8
311.4
295.5
15.9
5.1
317.2
301.8
15.4
4.8
315.6
302.9
12.7
4.0
310.4
296.8
13.6
4.4
309.4
297.0
12.3
4.0
309.2
296.0
13.1
4.2
310.8
296.6
14.2
4.6
3,374.6
3,209.1
165.4
4.9
3,375.2
3,211.4
163.8
4.9
3,375.4
3,215.2
160.2
4.7
3,383.8
3,223.0
160.8
4.8
3,386.5
3,228.3
158.3
4.7
3,395.7
3,231.1
164.6
4.8
3.390.0
3.216.8
173.2
5.1
3,398.3
3,233.3
165.1
4.9
3,452.3
3,273.5
178.8
5.2
3.448.7
3,264.1
184.6
5.4
3,402.9
3,227.0
175.9
5.2
3,399.8
3.226.8
173.0
5.1
3,421.1
3,250.7
170.4
5.0
2,690.9
2,488.5
202.4
7.5
2,703.0
2,502.1
200.9
7.4
2,711.3
2,511.0
200.3
7.4
2,713.3
2,516.6
196.7
7.3
2,723.6
2,524.8
198.8
7.3
2,800.6
2,647.2
153.4
5.5
2,761.8
2,589.8
172.0
6.2
2,743.1
2,564.7
178.4
6.5
2.711.4
2.548.7
162.7
6.0
2,696.0
2,526.5
169.5
6.3
2,716.7
2,539.3
177.4
6.5
2,708.8
2,545.6
163.2
6.0
2,737.4
2,569.6
167.8
6.1
791.4
706.9
84.5
10.7
793.0
709.7
83.4
10.5
794.6
711.6
83.0
10.4
796.1
713.6
82.5
10.4
795.3
714.5
80.6
10.2
772.6
687.8
84.7
11.0
773.4
777.4
698.2
79.3
10.2
770.9
702.6
68.3
8.9
776.5
706.6
82.5
10.7
9.0
784.3
709.2
75.1
9.6
786.8
718.2
68.5
8.7
786.2
715.5
70.7
9.0
2,718.2
2,591.0
127.2
4.7
2,723.2
2.598.2
125.1
4.6
2,729.2
2,603.0
126.2
4.6
2,735.6
2,605.9
129.7
4.7
2,743.2
2,611.0
132.2
4.8
2.799.1
2,672.3
126.8
4.5
2,844.3
2,700.5
143.7
5.1
2,826.7
2,691.1
135.7
4.8
2,802.4
2.669.3
133.0
4.7
2,788.4
2,671.7
116.7
4.2
2,804.6
2,683.7
121.0
4.3
2,809.3
2,683.6
125.7
4.5
2,815.7
2.690.5
125.2
4.4
238.6
225.4
13.2
5.6
239.3
226.5
12.9
5.4
240.0
226.9
13.2
5.5
239.9
226.8
13.1
5.4
240.9
227.7
13.2
5.5
252.5
231.9
20.5
8.1
250.7
233.8
16.9
6.7
250.7
234.5
16.2
6.5
249.1
232.5
16.6
6.7
249.7
234.7
15.0
6.0
249.4
234.4
15.0
6.0
249.6
236.4
13.2
5.3
248.7
235.6
13.1
5.3
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
1,829.5
1,686.1
143.5
7.8
1,828.7
1,686.2
142.5
7.8
1,830.2
1,689.2
141.0
7.7
1,828.0
1.687.2
140.8
7.7
1,829.6
1,688.8
140.8
7.7
1,792.2
103.2
5.8
359.9
347.9
12.0
3.3
360.3
348.2
12.1
3.4
360.6
348.8
11.8
3.3
361.3
349.4
11.9
3.3
361.2
349.1
12.1
3.4
2,508.8
2.366.3
142.5
5.7
2,510.3
2,370.3
140.0
5.6
2,516.5
2,378.5
138.0
5.5
2,516.7
2,380.5
136.1
5.4
9,213.6
8,555.8
657.8
7.1
9,254.2
8,629.8
624.4
6.7
9,339.4
8,665.2
674.2
7.2
919.1
884.5
34.7
3.8
922.9
34.1
3.7
315.5
298.9
16.7
5.3
Jan.
Feb.
South Carolina
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
South Dakota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Tennessee
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texas1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Utah
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Venr
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Washington
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
West Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Wiscc
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ..
Wyoming
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ..
1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey (CPS). See the
Explanatory Notes And Estimates of Error Section for Region, State, and Area Labor
Force Data.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data, beginning 1994, are not directly
comparable with those for 1993 and prior years as a result of the redesign of the CPS.
In addition, data comparisons are affected by the incorporation of 1990 census-based
population controls (covering the 1990-93 period) and other methodological changes.
For additional information, see "Revisions in State and Area Estimates Effective
January 1994" in the March 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
131
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994?
130.7
20.5
8.3
17.6
8.2
4.0
7.9
6.1
5.9
8.7
6.5
6.2
6.2
4.2
6.3
6.5
5.3
4.9
6.5
4.8
5.3
7.1
5.5
5.3
21.6
7.7
18.8
6.6
5.7
4.9
6.7
5.5
5.9
4.8
111.8
57.1
14.0
130.8
61.9
16.0
130.4
61.3
15.6
6.1
4.9
4.3
6.5
4.9
4.5
6.5
4.8
4.3
1,227.0
134.2
95.4
296.7
38.5
67.5
3.4
5.4
12.9
3.3
70.4
4.2
5.0
12.9
3.4
63.2
3.5
4.8
11.9
3.1
5.7
2.8
5.8
4.6
8.8
5.7
3.1
5.2
4.4
8.8
5.2
2.6
5.1
4.0
8.2
15,554.1
278.5
427.3
4,447.0
208.4
1,127.6
1.338.3
1.280.8
708.7
178.2
1.222.9
914.7
855.3
193.7
222.7
252.4
238.2
378.0
15,547.3
276.8
437.4
4,439.0
211.9
1,129.1
1.337.3
1.270.9
706.4
178.2
1,221.6
917.1
856.5
194.7
225.6
254.4
238.3
372.4
1.351.0
36.4
53.1
389.0
25.3
76.8
91.5
139.4
55.6
15.8
98.3
57.4
58.0
14.4
14.7
27.9
18.5
34.9
1,443.3
38.5
55.8
446.0
30.3
82.1
88.8
139.4
55.8
16.6
102.0
59.6
60.9
14.6
15.4
29.8
19.4
35.1
1,341.3
35.0
48.9
456.0
24.9
74.1
78.9
124.8
49.5
14.7
91.1
53.8
53.5
13.4
13.8
25.5
17.8
32.7
8.8
13.3
12.2
8.8
12.4
6.9
6.9
11.3
8.1
8.9
8.1
6.4
6.9
7.5
6.8
11.3
7.8
9.5
9.3
13.8
13.1
10.0
14.6
7.3
6.6
10.9
7.9
9.3
8.3
6.5
7.1
7.5
6.9
11.8
8.1
9.3
8.6
12.6
11.2
10.3
11.7
6.6
5.9
9.8
7.0
8.3
7.5
5.9
6.2
6.9
6.1
10.0
7.4
8.8
1,946.5
149.4
993.2
2.018.6
154.4
1.011.1
2.061.2
155.6
1.034.6
92.7
6.5
44.3
90.2
6.6
42.0
88.6
6.4
42.4
4.8
4.4
4.5
4.5
4.3
4.2
4.3
4.1
4.1
1.827.9
235.0
119.0
635.2
287.3
197.8
124.0
1.828.9
229.3
118.6
643.8
282.0
198.2
121.9
1.807.0
229.1
117.6
634.5
276.8
194.1
121.7
114.4
16.7
5.6
43.7
17.9
8.0
9.0
103.9
14.9
5.1
37.9
16.7
7.7
8.6
101.2
14.5
4.9
37.3
16.4
7.6
8.1
6.3
7.1
4.7
6.9
6.2
4.0
7.3
5.7
6.5
4.3
5.9
5.9
3.9
7.0
5.6
6.3
4.2
5.9
5.9
3.9
6.7
Delaware
Wilmington-Newark
378.5
279.7
393.2
289.2
388.1
283.9
22.3
17.5
18.7
16.9
17.8
14.1
5.9
6.3
4.8
5.8
4.6
5.0
District of Columbia
Washington
309.9
2,573.8
318.0
2,630.4
305.9
2,597.3
25.7
115.7
26.6
109.7
23.3
104.6
8.3
4.5
8.4
4.2
7.6
4.0
Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven ..:
Melbourne-Trtusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St Petersburg-Clearwater ...
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
6,626.3
184.3
695.7
156.3
96.0
484.7
188.9
205.5
1,026.8
723.5
164.3
235.8
135.9
1.027.2
434.1
6.822.8
189.6
718.9
164.0
98.6
494.7
195.8
209.4
1.059.2
758.2
166.8
241.4
140.4
1.048.9
439.8
6,800.8
188.2
716.8
162.9
98.0
492.6
195.3
209.4
1,059.1
758.4
166.6
241.1
138.7
1,047.8
438.4
535.2
13.5
53.7
10.9
4.4
29.8
23.3
17.6
87.3
49.6
9.7
14.3
6.8
76.1
47.1
461.7
11.8
45.4
8.9
3.6
25.1
20.1
14.1
83.5
44.5
8.4
11.2
6.4
59.3
40.7
447.9
11.2
44.5
8.5
3.6
24.0
19.6
13.8
81.7
43.3
8.0
10.9
5.6
56.8
40.5
8.1
7.3
7.7
7.0
4.6
6.2
12.4
8.6
8.5
6.9
5.9
6.0
5.0
7.4
10.9
6.8
6.2
6.3
5.4
3.7
5.1
10.3
6.8
7.9
5.9
5.0
4.6
4.5
5.7
9.3
6.6
6.0
6.2
5.2
3.7
4.9
10.1
6.6
7.7
5.7
4.8
4.5
4.0
5.4
9.2
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
1,987.5
421.3
159.9
242.2
147.1
72.2
2.014.5
429.8
158.7
247.3
149.1
73.4
2.019.6
432.0
158.1
247.4
149.8
74.2
156.0
25.6
9.5
21.2
9.5
4.5
125.9
18.1
10.0
16.1
7.9
3.6
307.9
133.5
323.6
139.1
317.3
136.7
17.6
6.6
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
1,840.6
1,167.0
329.1
2.001.1
1.265.6
357.2
2,004.6
1,266.9
359.6
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
1,173.8
123.2
92.0
281.5
37.2
1,229.7
134.2
96.1
296.3
38.6
15,333.9
274.1
434.2
4,422.7
204.0
1,107.8
1,316.5
1.236.5
685.5
177.6
1,211.8
900.8
842.8
191.3
217.7
247.9
236.2
368.7
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage
California1
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Bridgeport.;;;;";;;"!;zzz;;;;;;;;";;;;"z
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford-Newark
Waterbury
See footnotes at end of table.
132
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
184.6
4.5
2.5
85.9
12.2
6.9
8.4
7.2
5.7
8.4
4.5
5.1
7.3
7.5
5.9
6.1
6.0
18.7
4.8
4.9
6.2
6.4
9.3
5.9
5.1
8.5
3.9
4.6
6.0
6.2
6.0
5.7
35.8
20.3
36.6
20.8
4.2
3.2
6.0
4.7
6.2
4.9
31.3
7.4
26.7
6.3
24.8
6.1
5.6
4.3
4.4
3.3
4.2
3.2
6,019.8
75.5
89.7
3,995.5
186.8
59.6
49.7
171.8
184.0
110.9
442.3
3.2
5.3
278.5
10.2
5.9
4.0
11.7
17.3
6.1
349.5
2.8
3.7
226.1
7.9
4.9
3.6
8.9
10.4
4.9
319.8
2.3
3.4
208.2
7.9
4.5
3.1
8.0
9.1
4.7
7.3
4.3
5.8
7.0
5.5
9.8
7.9
6.8
9.2
5.4
5.8
3.7
4.1
5.6
4.2
8.1
7.0
5.1
5.6
4.6
5.3
3.0
3.8
5.2
4.2
7.6
6.2
4.7
5.0
4.3
3,042.2
58.8
94.9
153.4
263.7
293.5
792.5
56.4
87.9
64.8
132.7
70.9
2,999.3
58.5
94.2
150.3
259.6
290.9
783.3
51.4
87.1
64.0
129.3
69.9
140.8
2.0
3.7
6.7
11.4
18.3
30.2
2.4
2.9
3.3
5.8
4.4
155.3
2.3
3.5
7.9
11.8
17.2
34.8
6.4
2.9
3.7
6.4
4.2
140.4
2.3
3.7
7.0
11.2
16.3
32.4
2.5
2.7
3.4
5.4
4.2
4.7
3.5
4.0
4.4
4.5
6.2
3.9
4.7
3.3
5.3
4.5
6.1
5.1
3.9
3.6
5.2
4.5
5.9
4.4
11.4
3.3
5.7
4.8
6.0
4.7
3.9
4.0
4.7
4.3
5.6
4.1
4.9
3.1
5.3
4.2
6.0
1,565.2
104.7
249.8
49.6
63.3
64.4
67.1
1,578.7
105.7
254.6
50.2
64.4
64.8
67.6
1,566.3
105.1
252.4
49.6
64.3
64.3
67.6
56.9
3.4
8.1
1.6
1.8
1.8
3.5
42.5
2.4
5.3
1.2
1.4
1.7
2.5
46.9
2.6
6.0
1.4
1.5
1.8
2.9
3.6
3.2
3.3
3.2
2.8
2.8
5.3
2.7
2.3
2.1
2.5
2.1
2.6
3.8
3.0
2.5
2.4
2.7
2.3
2.9
4.3
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
1,318.2
47.8
89.2
269.3
1,364.4
47.7
93.3
275.9
1,339.0
48.4
91.7
269.3
66.6
2.5
4.2
15.6
64.8
2.5
4.3
15.2
65.2
2.5
4.2
15.3
5.1
5.2
4.8
5.8
4.7
5.2
4.6
5.5
4.9
5.1
4.6
5.7
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
1,803.9
233.9
508.9
45.8
1,843.3
237.8
531.0
47.1
1,832.0
235.6
525.1
47.1
100.2
8.7
22.2
2.8
92.6
7.8
24.3
2.4
80.6
7.2
19.9
2.2
5.6
3.7
4.4
6.1
5.0
3.3
4.6
5.0
4.4
3.1
3.8
4.7
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
1,886.1
55.6
270.6
76.2
154.3
78.7
64.0
588.7
171.2
2,003.5
59.2
286.8
81.1
163.6
84.2
68.9
616.5
183.8
1.987.0
57.7
284.2
80.4
163.0
83.1
68.1
613.6
182.6
140.4
3.8
19.1
5.2
10.6
5.8
4.3
42.4
11.8
162.3
4.7
22.5
5.5
12.2
6.9
5.0
46.6
14.1
160.0
4.2
21.5
5.7
12.2
7.1
5.1
47.2
13.8
7.4
6.9
7.0
6.8
6.8
7.4
6.7
7.2
6.9
8.1
8.0
7.9
6.8
7.4
8.2
7.3
7.6
7.7
8.1
7.3
7.6
7.1
7.5
8.6
7.5
7.7
7.5
643.5
49.3
121.6
636.8
50.4
121.4
630.7
49.7
118.2
44.2
4.0
6.8
34.7
3.4
4.6
34.4
2.9
4.9
6.9
8.1
5.6
5.4
6.7
3.8
5.5
5.9
4.1
July
1994
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
3,493.4
52.6
63.1
1,790.2
205.3
110.3
140.9
124.5
3,652.3
57.8
64.3
1,881.8
206.2
112.0
147.6
127.0
3,610.5
53.1
63.2
1,871.3
204.5
111.4
141.7
126.2
199.2
4.4
2.8
91.3
15.0
8.2
8.3
7.6
217.9
10.8
3.1
92.5
12.8
7.1
13.7
7.5
Hawaii
Honolulu
584.9
424.6
598.5
432.6
592.6
428.2
24.5
13.7
Idaho
Boise City
556.2
173.0
604.5
188.8
596.9
189.3
Illinois1
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
6,043.2
74.4
91.8
3,990.8
183.9
60.3
49.9
172.1
187.0
111.8
6,076.5
76.0
91.1
4,026.1
188.6
60.6
50.5
173.4
186.4
106.7
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
2,983.8
56.9
92.2
152.1
254.4
297.1
771.2
52.1
87.0
63.3
128.9
71.7
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
Aug.
1993
Aug.
1994P
See footnotes at end of table.
133
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
138.0
74.9
6.0
7.3
5.2
6.3
5.1
6.1
196.8
96.0
9.0
5.1
13.9
10.7
8.4
3.2
19.5
13.4
181.1
90.4
8.4
4.5
13.2
10.2
6.8
2.9
18.1
12.2
6.6
5.9
7.9
7.0
8.6
7.8
9.6
7.6
7.3
6.5
6.0
5.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
6.9
10.1
7.4
6.8
5.4
5.6
5.1
6.9
6.7
6.9
6.6
8.3
7.0
6.4
5.0
304.0
11.4
5.3
139.8
17.6
26.8
4.8
11.1
15.4
12.1
315.9
12.9
5.2
148.4
18.4
27.4
4.8
12.2
10.1
12.3
280.3
10.6
4.9
122.8
15.9
25.1
4.9
11.5
10.0
12.2
6.3
4.1
6.3
6.5
8.9
5.1
6.4
4.9
6.6
6.1
6.5
4.6
6.2
6.8
9.2
5.2
6.4
5.4
4.3
6.2
5.8
3.8
5.8
5.7
8.0
4.7
6.5
5.1
4.3
6.1
2,565.6
118.3
1,574.5
66.2
89.3
119.3
7.8
66.2
1.8
4.2
81.4
6.1
43.1
1.7
3.0
84.9
6.3
45.6
1.8
3.2
4.8
6.7
4.3
2.8
4.9
3.2
5.1
2.7
2.6
3.4
3.3
5.3
2.9
2.8
3.6
1,264.7
220.3
1,253.9
219.7
77.2
9.9
88.1
10.9
81.5
10.6
6.4
4.7
7.0
4.9
6.5
4.8
2,661.2
884.2
1,284.5
149.1
2,715.7
920.1
1.321.0
155.8
2.694.2
910.1
1,307.6
154.8
178.5
51.2
90.3
7.6
125.1
41.7
62.0
4.6
127.4
42.4
62.0
4.9
6.7
5.8
7.0
5.1
4.6
4.5
4.7
3.0
4.7
4.7
4.7
3.2
Montana
435.3
449.7
445.5
21.3
17.8
16.2
4.9
4.0
3.6
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
865.0
130.9
350.5
895.3
133.6
360.4
884.8
132.5
355.7
21.2
2.9
9.9
25.6
2.4
2.2
2.8
2.9
10.6
20.8
3.0
9.5
2.9
2.4
2.3
2.7
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
754.1
539.1
161.9
787.1
568.7
166.1
786.0
570.4
164.6
53.9
40.2
9.7
47.8
36.4
8.5
47.2
35.9
8.5
7.1
7.5
6.0
6.1
6.4
5.1
6.0
6.3
5.1
«ewHt
630.1
97.1
94.9
119.9
633.1
97.9
94.9
121.5
639.1
97.5
96.6
123.1
38.3
5.7
6.8
6.3
27.6
4.6
4.5
5.0
28.3
4.7
4.9
4.9
6.1
5.9
7.1
5.2
4.4
4.7
4.7
4.1
4.4
4.8
5.1
4.0
4,028.1
177.3
655.9
278.7
584.8
502.6
995.9
167.7
62.4
4,112.7
181.2
666.3
283.7
596.9
520.1
1,016.6
172.4
64.0
4,117.6
181.1
669.5
285.2
600.9
519.0
1,013.9
171.0
63.6
281.1
14.0
47.3
25.5
36.0
30.4
73.0
10.2
6.4
275.8
13.9
47.3
26.0
32.8
30.0
69.6
9.8
6.4
246.6
12.5
42.2
23.0
28.9
26.8
62.5
9.1
5.6
7.0
7.9
7.2
9.1
6.2
6.1
7.3
6.1
10.3
6.7
7.7
7.1
9.2
5.5
5.8
6.8
5.7
10.0
6.0
6.9
6.3
8.1
4.8
5.2
6.2
5.3
8.8
757.3
328.6
59.3
75.3
788.8
349.4
61.2
77.7
787.3
346.1
61.2
79.0
58.7
23.4
5.6
2.8
44.4
16.4
4.2
2.6
42.8
14.6
4.1
2.6
7.7
7.1
9.4
3.7
5.6
4.7
6.9
3.3
5.4
4.2
6.8
3.3
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994"
2,701.9
1,230.0
2,735.6
1.236.7
2,712.6
1.229.3
163.0
90.3
143.4
77.7
3,206.9
1,761.0
121.7
68.7
190.7
155.0
83.7
42.7
285.5
246.2
3,254.7
1,801.2
123.2
69.1
191.2
154.6
82.6
43.2
287.1
248.9
3,212.0
1,778.7
121.5
68.2
191.5
153.6
81.6
42.4
282.3
245.8
210.2
103.2
9.6
4.8
16.3
12.1
8.0
3.2
20.9
15.9
4,813.6
278.6
84.4
2.158.4
198.9
524.9
74.5
228.7
232.7
198.0
4,833.7
280.6
84.3
2,167.3
199.5
529.7
74.9
225.6
233.1
198.6
4,825.0
278.6
84.8
2,150.5
198.6
530.5
75.5
227.0
234.2
199.2
2,490.8
117.0
1,529.4
64.6
85.3
2,556.1
119.2
1.575.4
66.2
88.9
Mississippi
Jackson
1,212.5
210.4
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis LMA
Springfield
Baltimore
Massachusetts1
Boston
ZZZZZZ
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
PittsfieW
Springfield
Worcester
Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
". ZZZZZZ
Grand RapkJs-Muskegon-Holland
Kalamazoo-Battle-Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
Duluth-Superior
'. ZZZZZZ
Minneapolis-StPaul
Rochester
St. Cloud
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
New Jersey1
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
MiQQiesex—oomersei—nunxeroon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New M«xlco
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
See footnotes at end of table.
134
,
Aug.
1993
July
1994
3.9
Aug.
1994P
2.9
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994?
579.8
21.1
8.0
34.2
7.1
2.1
3.6
80.1
311.4
278.0
9.7
29.7
19.1
6.9
7.5
4.8
7.0
6.8
9.5
5.6
5.9
7.0
8.9
9.5
6.5
4.9
6.1
6.0
6.9
4.9
6.5
6.3
6.5
5.2
5.6
6.0
8.3
8.8
5.7
5.4
5.5
5.4
6.7
4.6
6.3
5.9
6.1
4.8
5.0
5.9
8.0
8.5
5.6
5.1
5.2
4.8
175.9
4.3
29.3
23.8
19.3
179.1
4.6
30.2
25.4
20.0
4.3
3.6
4.3
3.7
3.0
4.8
4.0
4.2
3.9
3.5
4.9
4.3
4.4
4.2
3.6
14.5
1.9
2.8
2.7
12.3
1.7
2.1
2.3
11.6
1.5
2.2
2.0
4.4
3.9
3.1
4.1
3.6
3.4
2.3
3.4
3.3
3.0
2.4
3.0
5,537.7
352.6
202.4
813.5
1,084.0
757.3
465.2
304.3
285.9
283.0
15.6
10.7
39.6
58.0
30.5
19.8
15.7
18.0
319.6
18.1
11.5
39.3
64.3
31.2
23.7
18.0
30.5
267.8
15.6
10.4
35.2
55.1
27.3
19.3
14.5
23.0
5.1
4.4
5.3
4.9
5.3
3.9
4.2
5.1
6.3
5.7
5.1
5.7
4.8
5.9
4.1
5.1
5.8
10.2
4.8
4.4
5.2
4.3
5.1
3.6
4.2
4.8
8.0
1,556.3
27.7
44.1
502.4
382.7
1,540.0
27.6
43.4
491.7
376.3
86.3
.9
2.4
24.5
21.8
86.3
1.2
2.6
22.0
21.1
86.8
1.2
2.6
23.0
21.2
5.6
3.4
5.7
4.9
5.7
5.5
4.2
5.8
4.4
5.5
5.6
4.5
5.9
4.7
5.6
1,613.4
150.5
78.8
924.3
157.9
1,700.1
158.5
82.6
966.7
165.2
1,704.4
159.2
83.0
969.1
165.7
105.8
10.5
6.5
52.0
10.0
86.5
8.3
5.7
40.3
8.1
81.3
7.7
5.3
39.4
7.4
6.6
7.0
8.2
5.6
6.4
5.1
5.2
6.9
4.2
4.9
4.8
4.8
6.3
4.1
4.5
6,000.0
278.8
64.6
142.7
338.7
108.8
232.9
2,478.6
1,177.4
179.5
348.7
54.5
65.1
57.8
190.5
6,000.0
279.4
65.2
144.0
336.4
108.0
235.7
2,476.9
1,182.1
180.6
351.3
55.4
64.6
58.3
191.6
5,954.7
276.5
65.2
142.5
333.1
107.8
233.4
2,466.6
1,172.3
179.5
349.6
54.9
64.0
57.3
190.9
422.6
20.9
4.6
10.4
16.1
11.3
10.5
174.8
81.2
10.4
27.5
4.9
3.9
4.5
10.6
400.8
19.8
4.3
9.7
15.9
10.1
11.1
161.8
78.2
9.5
28.2
4.1
3.3
4.8
9.7
367.2
17.4
3.9
9.0
14.4
9.7
9.3
151.3
73.3
8.5
24.8
3.9
3.1
3.8
8.8
7.0
7.5
7.1
7.3
4.7
10.4
4.5
7.1
6.9
5.8
7.9
9.0
6.0
7.8
5.5
6.7
7.1
6.6
6.8
4.7
9.3
4.7
6.5
6.6
5.3
8.0
7.4
5.2
8.2
5.1
6.2
6.3
6.1
6.3
4.3
9.0
4.0
6.1
6.3
4.8
7.1
7.1
4.8
6.7
4.6
514.8
589.1
506.3
581.5
506.9
581.8
35.3
44.2
31.6
40.2
33.5
39.9
6.9
7.5
6.2
6.9
6.6
6.9
1,851.7
249.9
254.6
467.8
1,863.5
250.5
258.1
476.1
1,859.2
250.5
257.1
475.4
145.1
17.6
15.3
28.0
116.4
15.6
11.0
22.9
111.7
15.1
10.7
21.7
7.8
7.0
6.0
6.0
6.2
6.2
4.3
4.8
6.0
6.0
4.1
4.6
368.8
44.1
82.1
384.1
44.6
87.9
383.4
45.0
86.9
12.6
1.7
1.9
10.4
1.3
1.8
11.4
1.8
2.1
3.4
4.0
2.3
2.7
3.0
2.1
3.0
4.0
2.5
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Newburgh
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
8,680.4
455.8
129.1
577.2
120.8
42.3
65.3
1,360.0
3,914.6
3,275.2
172.3
566.9
368.2
144.5
8,863.2
471.3
128.6
598.7
119.4
44.0
69.2
1,398.4
3,956.4
3,302.0
176.6
590.9
378.2
149.4
8,690.3
460.3
126.0
581.0
116.2
43.0
71.4
1,356.0
3,904.7
3,269.0
172.7
577.0
369.0
145.6
654.9
21.7
9.1
39.2
11.5
2.4
3.8
95.6
349.1
310.2
11.2
27.9
22.6
8.7
615.8
23.3
8.4
37.6
7.8
2.3
3.9
84.0
326.9
292.0
10.0
31.8
20.7
8.0
North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
3,557.8
105.6
677.7
595.3
553.0
3,643.7
107.8
689.9
610.9
546.2
3,647.1
107.3
693.5
609.3
548.6
151.2
3.8
29.4
21.8
16.8
331.6
48.6
90.1
65.1
347.0
50.6
92.8
68.6
347.0
50.6
92.8
68.3
Ohio1
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
5,593.0
352.3
203.6
616.6
1,102.4
774.4
472.3
309.0
284.8
5,594.5
354.5
203.1
818.7
1,095.1
759.5
468.0
308.8
298.0
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
1,529.9
27.6
41.7
495.9
383.7
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazelton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
See footnotes at end of table.
135
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
124.8
10.1
12.0
12.8
23.8
19.4
5.7
5.2
5.9
4.6
5.4
4.3
4.7
4.3
5.0
3.6
4.4
3.1
4.7
4.5
5.4
3.7
4.7
3.2
657.0
3.4
4.9
22.4
20.2
8.4
15.0
2.5
17.5
98.1
30.1
48.7
11.6
138.7
6.1
6.4
9.1
6.4
30.5
9.7
2.7
40.4
3.1
5.6
4.9
2.8
5.6
4.1
581.1
3.0
4.4
20.5
17.6
7.8
12.6
2.2
15.3
87.0
25.7
43.2
10.4
124.0
5.6
5.4
8.0
5.6
27.4
8.4
2.2
34.4
2.8
4.8
4.7
2.4
4.9
3.4
6.7
5.8
4.5
3.9
10.4
7.4
10.8
3.0
8.2
5.6
9.3
6.1
8.1
7.0
5.4
9.0
8.3
4.7
16.1
7.4
5.6
5.7
6.9
8.0
6.5
5.2
5.6
5.2
6.8
5.8
4.4
3.9
10.5
7.6
12.1
3.6
9.7
5.6
10.4
5.8
8.7
6.9
5.5
9.4
8.8
5.2
17.1
8.0
5.2
5.6
6.6
9.5
5.8
6.5
5.6
6.4
6.2
5.2
4.0
3.6
9.4
7.2
10.4
3.3
8.9
5.1
9.2
5.3
8.1
6.3
5.1
8.1
8.0
4.6
15.8
7.1
4.4
4.9
6.1
8.4
5.7
5.8
5.0
5.3
37.3
5.0
23.0
36.2
5.0
22.3
37.9
4.8
23.3
4.0
3.7
3.8
3.6
3.5
3.5
3.8
3.3
3.6
312.0
91.7
14.2
3.4
11.1
2.4
12.0
2.8
4.5
3.7
3.6
2.7
3.8
3.1
3,474.7
71.2
59.1
107.3
726.1
503.2
131.4
3,455.1
70.1
59.4
106.9
725.4
500.1
130.9
164.3
2.4
3.6
4.8
36.3
23.3
5.9
177.0
2.6
5.3
5.0
41.6
24.1
5.3
168.7
2.6
4.7
4.6
40.3
23.5
5.0
4.8
3.5
6.1
4.5
5.2
4.7
4.6
5.1
3.6
9.0
4.6
5.7
4.8
4.0
4.9
3.7
7.9
4.3
5.6
4.7
3.8
2,693.2
1,ie7.4
2,739.9
1,203.2
2,733.5
1,203.7
180.6
71.0
150.7
60.0
146.7
58.7
6.7
6.0
5.5
5.0
5.4
4.9
795.3
129.6
132.5
75.2
72.1
801.4
129.8
131.7
75.9
73.5
791.4
129.4
131.0
75.4
72.5
81.6
9.9
12.2
5.5
5.6
68.2
7.8
10.7
4.9
4.6
67.8
' 8.2
10.4
4.5
4.5
10.3
7.7
9.2
7.3
7.8
8.5
6.0
8.1
6.4
6.2
8.6
6.3
7.9
5.9
6.2
2.752.4
207.9
73.1
117.9
75.1
70.5
66.0
237.6
765.1
91.2
58.6
67.6
2.876.4
216.7
75.2
126.7
79.4
72.8
69.6
248.2
794.9
96.3
62.6
70.2
2.846.5
214.2
74.4
125.3
77.0
71.8
68.5
245.7
785.1
93.7
61.0
69.6
120.7
8.0
3.6
4.6
5.0
3.3
2.7
4.8
34.5
5.5
2.1
3.0
125.8
7.7
3.2
4.7
5.2
4.3
2.9
5.2
36.0
5.7
2.3
3.4
118.3
7.4
3.1
4.6
3.7
3.4
2.4
5.1
35.6
5.1
1.9
3.3
4.4
3.8
4.9
3.9
6.6
4.7
4.2
2.0
4.5
6.1
3.6
4.4
4.4
3.5
4.3
3.7
6.5
5.9
4.1
2.1
4.5
6.0
3.6
4.9
4.2
3.4
4.1
3.7
4.7
4.7
3.4
2.1
4.5
5.4
3.1
4.7
243.2
30.4
255.4
30.9
253.0
30.9
12.0
2.0
12.2
1.9
11.8
1.8
4.9
6.5
4.8
6.1
4.7
5.8
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994*
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
2,541.9
217.8
222.3
332.3
490.8
567.2
2,665.3
227.2
224.6
343.2
511.1
599.8
2,653.6
225.7
224.5
343.3
506.1
600.7
146.0
11.3
13.1
15.1
26.6
24.3
125.3
9.7
11.2
12.3
22.7
18.5
Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
,
9,234.0
57.9
105.0
549.3
185.2
106.8
117.2
65.4
171.2
1.643.6
276.4
799.8
127.2
1,946.7
104.8
63 6
99.0
118.7
165.1
118.4
49.8
688.9
46.0
57.2
81.2
41.0
95.4
62.4
9,623.1
58.9
110.0
582.2
193.0
110.5
124.3
69.1
179.6
1,739.8
288.2
832.5
132.3
2,004.8
111.1
68.4
103.2
123.4
178.2
121.1
51.7
715.8
46.7
58.6
83.8
43.4
100.1
65.1
9.437.2
57.7
108.8
573.8
186.6
108.5
121.2
67.4
172.8
1,714.5
279.9
817.4
128.9
1.969.7
109.3
66.5
100.5
121.2
173.5
118.6
50.4
701.3
45.7
57.3
82.4
42.3
97.8
63.1
614.1
3.4
4.7
21.5
19.2
7.9
12.6
1.9
14.0
92.3
25.8
49.0
10.3
135.4
5.7
5.7
8.2
5.6
26.6
8.8
2.8
39.4
3.2
4.6
5.3
2.1
5.4
3.2
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen
932.1
133.4
602.0
998.2
144.2
641.6
1,003.5
144.8
644.4
Vermont
Burlington
316.9
91.2
310.8
90.8
Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News.
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
3,408.2
69.7
58.3
106.2
700.6
494.1
128.1
Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey (CPS). See the
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error Section for Region, State, and Area
Labor Force Data.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data, beginning 1994, are not directty
comparable with those for 1993 and prior years as a result of the redesign of the
136
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Aug.
1993
July
1994
Aug.
1994P
CPS. In addition, data comparisons are affected by the incorporation of 1990
census-based population controls (covering the 1990-93 period) and other
methodological changes. For additional information, see "Revisions in State and
Area Estimates Effective January 1994" in the March 1994 issue of Employment
and Earnings. Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this
publication.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age
1991
1992
1993
1994
IV
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
189,978 190,449 190,888 191,310 191,786 192,319 192,796 193,288 193,799 194,315 196,085 196,522 197,050
125,219 125,579 126,301 127,074 127,334 127,230 127,355 127,890 128,181 128,713 130,674 130,589 130,996
66.4
66.4
66.2
66.1
66.2
65.9
66.5
66.6
66.1
66.2
66.2
65.9
66.5
116,795 116,827 117,101 117,567 117,761 117,951 118,394 118,984 119,543 120,311 122,088 122,547 123,082
61.4
61.9
61.4
62.4
62.3
61.7
61.6
61.3
61.5
61.5
62.5
61.3
61.3
8,906 8,638 8,402 8,586 8,043 7,914
8,424 8,752 9,200 9,507 9,573 9,279 8,961
7.5
6.5
7.0
6.2
6.6
6.7
7.0
6.0
6.7
7.3
7.5
7.0
7.3
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
90,662
68,400
75.4
63,523
70.1
2,583
60,940
4,877
7.1
22,262
90,921
68,479
75.3
63,521
69.9
2,519
61,002
4,958
7.2
22,442
91,165
68,769
75.4
63,457
69.6
2,484
60,973
5,312
7.7
22,396
91,393
69,287
75.8
63,802
69.8
2,527
61,275
5,485
7.9
22,106
91,652
69,347
75.7
63,893
69.7
2,567
61,326
5,454
7.9
22,305
91,952
69,334
75.4
64,042
69.6
2,548
61,494
5,292
7.6
22,618
92,214
69,371
75.2
64,307
69.7
2,497
61,810
5,064
7.3
22,843
92,482
69,633
75.3
64,582
69.8
2,435
62,146
5,052
7.3
22,849
92,754
69,719
75.2
64,796
69.9
2,399
62,397
4,923
7.1
23,035
93,030
69,788
75.0
65,125
70.0
2,439
62,685
4,663
6.7
23,242
93,978
70,639
75.2
65,942
70.2
2,571
63,371
4,697
6.6
23,339
94,203
70,511
74.9
66,158
70.2
2,542
63,616
4,354
6.2
23,692
94,474
70,681
74.8
66,353
70.2
2,516
63,837
4,327
6.1
23,793
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
83,943
64,887
77.3
60,713
72.3
2,389
58,324
4,174
6.4
19,056
84,254
64,983
77.1
60,734
72.1
2,352
58,382
4,249
6.5
19,271
84,535
65,252
77.2
60,696
71.8
2,328
58,368
4,556
7.0
19,283
84,756
65,773
77.6
61,058
72.0
2,365
58,693
4,715
7.2
18,983
85,010
65,775
77.4
61,109
71.9
2,379
58,731
4,666
7.1
19,235
85,262
65,753
77.1
61,195
71.8
2,341
58,854
4,558
6.9
19,509
85,554
65,792
76.9
61,464
71.8
2,295
59,170
4,328
6.6
19,762
85,806
66,041
77.0
61,756
72.0
2,246
59,510
4,285
6.5
19,765
86,009
66,133
76.9
61,925
72.0
2,231
59,695
4,208
6.4
19,876
86,258
66,275
76.8
62,310
72.2
2,286
60,025
3,965
6.0
19,983
86,833
66,764
76.9
62,826
72.4
2,349
60,476
3,939
5.9
20,069
87,014
66,600
76.5
63,022
72.4
2,365
60,657
3,578
5.4
20,413
87,231
66,764
76.5
63,175
72.4
2,311
60,864
3,588
5.4
20,467
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
99,316
56,820
57.2
53,272
53.6
686
52,586
3,548
6.2
42,496
99,528
57,101
57.4
53,306
53.6
690
52,616
3,795
6.6
42,427
99,723
57,532
57.7
53,644
53.8
703
52,941
3,888
6.8
42,191
99,917
57,787
57.8
53,765
53.8
693
53,073
4,022
7.0
42,130
100,135
57,988
57.9
53,868
53.8
655
53,214
4,119
7.1
42,147
100,367
57,896
57.7
53,909
53.7
646
53,263
3,987
6.9
42,471
100,582
57,984
57.6
54,087
53.8
635
53,452
3,897
6.7
42,598
100,807
58,257
57.8
54,402
54.0
623
53,779
3,854
6.6
42,550
101,045
58,462
57.9
54,747
54.2
648
54,100
3,715
6.4
42,583
101,285
58,926
58.2
55,187
54.5
638
54,549
3,739
6.3
42,359
102,107
60,035
58.8
56,147
55.0
812
55,335
3,888
6.5
42,072
102,319
60,078
58.7
56,389
55.1
834
55,555
3,689
6.1
42,241
102,576
60,316
58.8
56,728
55.3
861
55,867
3,587
5.9
42,261
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
92,724
53,620
57.8
50,647
54.6
646
50,001
2,973
5.5
39,104
92,955
53,804
57.9
50,606
54.4
658
49,947
3,199
5.9
39,151
93,196
54,301
58.3
50,985
54.7
659
50,326
3,316
6.1
38,895
93,405
54,578
58.4
51,168
54.8
649
50,519
3,410
6.2
38,827
93,633
54,778
58.5
51,266
54.8
606
50,660
3,512
6.4
38,855
93,860
54,727
58.3
51,315
54.7
601
50,714
3,412
6.2
39,133
94,081
54,772
58.2
51,468
54.7
595
50,873
3,304
6.0
39,309
94,264
54,987
58.3
51,728
54.9
592
51,136
3,259
5.9
39,277
94,497
55,200
58.4
52,019
55.0
609
51,410
3,181
5.8
39,297
94,710
55,622
58.7
52,432
55.4
599
51,833
3,190
5.7
39,088
95,164
56,489
59.4
53,179
55.9
761
52,419
3,309
5.9
38,676
95,339
56,391
59.1
53,322
55.9
783
52,539
3,069
5.4
38,949
95,557
56,786
59.4
53,755
56.3
818
52,938
3,030
5.3
38,771
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
13,312 13,239 13,157 13,149 13,144 13,196 13,160 13,218 13,293 13,347 14,088 14,169 14,262
6,712 6,792 6,747 6,723 6,781
6,862 6,848 6,816 7,421
6,749 6,791
7,598 7,447
52.7
51.1
50.4
52.2
53.6
51.5
51.9
51.6
51.1
51.6
51.3
51.3
51.1
5,435 5,487 5,420 5,341 5,386 5,441 5,462 5,500 5,599 5,569 6,083 6,203 6,151
41.7
43.1
43.8
43.2
41.6
41.4
40.8
42.1
41.5
41.2
41.0
41.2
40.6
248
228
273
192
233
208
243
252
237
200
198
220
206
5,376 5,811 5,975 5,903
5,202 5,289 5,220 5,135 5,149 5,189 5,219 5,280 5,391
1,296
1,396
1,338
1,248
1,277
1,249
1,329
1,309
1,395
1,327
1,362
1,305
1,382
17.4
18.4
18.0
18.3
19.0
18.2
19.6
19.4
20.6
19.7
19.8
19.2
20.6
6,600 6,447 6,410 6,426 6,363 6>47
6,369 6,356 6,445 6,531 6,667 6,571 6,816
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in tables D-1
through D-10 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Data for 1994 are
2
not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For
additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and
Earnings.
137
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutionai population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
1991
1992
1993
IV
Hispanic origin
1994
IV
IV
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
161,646 161,947 162,223 162,486 162,788 163,135 163,438 163,751 164,078 164,415 165,093 165,361 165,701
107,399 107,693 108,149 108,565 108,706 108,689 108,816 109,133 109,510 109,943 110,789 110,609 111,142
66.6
66.4
66.5
66.7
66.8
66.7
66.6
66.9
66.8
66.6
67.1
67.1
66.9
100,919 101,000 101 ,185 101,450 101,515 101,761 102,119 102,508 103,036 103,581 104,446 104,681 105,329
62.5
62.4
62.4
62.4
62.4
62.8
62.6
63.0
62.4
62.4
63.3
63.6
63.3
6,480
6,964 7,116 7,191 6,927 6,697 6,625 6,474 6,362 6,343 5,929 5,813
6.2
6.0
6.4
6.6
5.9
6.1
5.8
6.4
5.7
5.2
5.4
6.2
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
56,308 56,335 56,540 56,900 56,912 56,895 56,960 57,059 57,143 57,264 57,349 57,097 57,354
77.6
77.7
78.0
77.5
77.8
77.8
77.6
77.4
77.5
77.4
77.1
77.4
76.9
52,995 52,986 53,003 53,247 53,320 53,400 53,625 53,798 53,925 54,235 54,355 54,372 54,687
73.0
73.0
72.8
73.0
72.9
73.1
73.2
72.8
73.1
73.3
73.4
73.5
73.3
3,31 a 3,349 3,537 3,653 3,592 3,495 3,335 3,261 3,218 3,029 2,994 2,725 2,667
5.9
5.9
6.3
6.4
6.3
5.6
5.7
5.9
6.1
5.3
4.6
5.2
4.8
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
45,282 45,477 45,832 45,950 46,041 46,063 46,083 46,264 46,525 46,783 47,130 47,037 47,495
57.7
58.1
58.1
58.0
57.6
58.1
58.1
58.1
58.4
58.6
59.1
59.3
58.9
43,074 43,133 43,399 43,492 43,445 43,565 43,673 43,863 44,188 44,390 44,786 44,850 45,268
54.8
55.0
55.0
55.0
54.9
54.9
55.1
55.4
55.6
56.6
54.8
56.1
56.1
2,433 2,458 2,597 2,498 2,409 2,400 2,338 2,394 2,344 2,187 2,227
2,208 2,344
4.7
5.2
5.3
5.3
5.6
5.2
5.2
5.1
4.9
5.4
5.0
5.0
4.6
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
5,809
54.6
4,850
45.6
959
16.5
17.6
15.3
5,881
55.5
4,881
46.1
1,000
17.0
17.8
16.1
5,776
54.8
4,782
45.3
994
17.2
18.9
15.4
5,715
54.5
4,711
44.9
1,005
17.6
18.9
16.1
5,753
54.9
4,750
45.3
1,002
17.4
18.9
15.8
5,731
54.5
4,796
45.6
935
16.3
16.9
15.6
5,773
54.8
5,810
55.0
4,820
45.8
953
16.5
17.6
15.3
4,846
45.9
963
16.6
18.1
15.0
5,842
55.1
4,924
46.5
918
15.7
17.4
13.9
5,895
55.4
4,956
46.6
940
15.9
17.5
14.3
6,310
56.3
5,305
47.4
1,005
15.9
17.3
14.4
6,476
57.6
5,459
48.5
1,017
15.7
17.0
14.3
6,293
55.7
5,374
47.6
919
14.6
15.9
13.2
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
21,656 21,744 21,828 21,909 21,997 22,096 22,186 22,281 22,376 22,474 22,749 22,826 22,918
13,536 13,548 13,737 13,873 14,017 13,931 13,898 13,911 13,947 14,004 14,476 14,507 14,404
62.3
62.9
62.4
62.6
62.9
63.3
63.7
63.0
62.3
62.3
63.6
62.5
63.6
11,886 11,813 11,834 11,894 12,034 11,963 12,004 12,060 12,187 12,329 12,618 12,837 12,799
54.3
54.2
54.7
54.1
54.1
54.1
54.5
55.8
54.3
54.9
55.5
56.2
54.9
1,650 1,735 1,903 1,979 1,983 1,968 1,894 1,851 1,760 1,676 1,858 1,670 1,605
12.8
13.6
13.9
14.3
14.1
14.1
13.3
12.6
12.0
11.1
12.2
12.8
11.5
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
6,359
73.1
5,633
64.8
726
11.4
6,382
72.9
5,655
64.6
727
11.4
6,434
73.2
5,565
63.3
869
13.5
6,475
73.3
5,609
63.5
866
13.4
6,494
73.2
5,614
63.2
880
13.6
6,485
72.7
6,459
59.5
5,806
53.4
653
10.1
6,438
59.0
5,699
52.2
739
11.5
6,516
59.5
6,627
60.2
5,826
53.0
801
12.1
6,720
60.8
6,465
71.7
5,657
62.8
808
12.5
6,523
72.1
5,619
63.0
866
13.3
6,503
72.5
5,676
63.3
826
12.7
6,657
60.0
5,877
53.0
781
11.7
6,607
59.3
5,856
52.6
751
11.4
6,651
59.5
5,943
53.2
708
10.6
6,631
72.7
5,864
64.3
767
11.6
6,639
72.6
5,985
65.4
654
9.9
6,568
71.5
5,741
63.4
782
12.0
6,493
71.4
5,761
63.4
733
11.3
6,645
59.2
5,942
53.0
703
10.6
6,766
60.1
6,104
54.2
662
9.8
7,009
61.3
6,199
54.2
810
11.6
7,031
61.3
6,332
55.2
699
9.9
6,982
60.6
6,355
55.2
627
9.0
5,891
64.2
677
10.3
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
138
5,773
52.7
743
11.4
5,945
53.8
775
11.5
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
1991
1992
1994
1993
I
V
I
V
I
V
BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
718
34.3
447
21.3
271
37.8
37.1
38.5
728
35.0
459
22.1
269
36.9
36.0
38.0
787
37.9
496
23.9
291
36.9
38.1
35.6
771
37.2
459
22.1
313
40.5
44.1
36.8
803
38.8
475
22.9
328
40.8
43.5
37.9
789
38.0
467
22.5
322
40.8
42.7
38.6
788
37.8
472
22.6
316
40.1
41.1
39.0
795
38.1
460
22.0
335
42.1
42.1
42.2
779
37.0
504
23.9
276
35.4
37.5
33.0
745
35.2
464
21.9
281
37.8
39.5
36.0
836
38.1
555
25.3
281
33.6
38.5
28.6
837
38.0
520
23.6
317
37.8
41.2
34.2
854
38.4
553
24.9
301
35.3
38.3
31.9
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
14,829 14,948 15,066 15,184 15,303 15,421 15,542 15,682 15,824 15,966 17,895 18,042 18,193
9,875 10,021 10,105 10,184 10,219 10,270 10,255 10,380 10,595 11,817 11,886 11,976
9,834
66.0
66.4
65.4
66.5
66.5
66.1
65.8
65.9
65.6
66.3
66.6
66.3
66.1
9,458 10,608 10,677 10,755
9,200
8,988
8,902 8,959
8,864
9,318
9,035
8,827
9,110
59.3
59.2
58.7
58.7
59.1
59.3
59.1
59.2
58.9
58.6
59.0
59.5
58.6
1,209
1,138
1,054
1,196
1,119
1,011
1,221
1,210
1,061
1,184
1,146
1,007
1,160
10.2
10.7
10.3
11.7
11.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
11.6
11.3
10.2
11.3
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
2
Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
139
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-3. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Full- and part-time status, sex,
and age
1991
1992
1993
IV
1994
IV
IV
EMPLOYED
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
,
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
,
,
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
96,528
56,806
55,822
39,630
38,892
1,815
96,353
56,770
55,704
39,662
38,924
1,725
96,624
56,662
55,592
40,033
39,295
1,737
97,105
57,015
56,014
40,062
39,372
1,719
97,077
56,859
55,895
40,149
39,420
1,763
97,273
57,056
56,006
40,283
39,556
1,711
97,718
57,323
56,286
40,444
39,732
1,701
98,131
57,444
56,446
40,657
39,907
1,777
98,588
57,725
56,684
40,835
40,075
1,829
99,304
58,085
56,986
41,252
40,492
1,826
98,334
58,027
56,993
40,325
39,541
1,800
99,452
58,651
57,548
40,775
40,007
1,897
100,230
58,961
57,769
41,297
40,598
1,863
20,379 20,423 20,429 20,435 20,794 20,625 20,628 20,823 21,011 21,006 23,704 23,079 22,920
6,736 6,782 6,820 6,737 7,051 7,015 6,976 7,080 7,080 7,087 7,892 7,460 7,428
4,920 5,013 5,104 5,029 5,260 5,174 5,177 5,295 5,267 5,314 5,829 5,476 5,427
13,654 13,654 13,608 13,683 13,730 13,631 13,653 13,723 13,916 13,947 15,816 15,601 15,460
11,735 11,695 11,702 11,798 11,813 11,771 11,761 11,822 11,903 11,955 13,633 13,344 13,171
3,725 3,715 3,623 3,608 3,721 3,680 3,690 3,706 3,841 3,737 4,242 4,258 4,322
UNEMPLOYED
6,952
4,229
3,904
2,691
2,418
630
7,212
4,325
3,966
2,861
2,628
619
7,624
4,793
4,291
2,957
2,728
605
7,859
4,786
4,436
3,035
2,764
659
7,904
4,679
4,385
3,194
2,898
621
7,610
4,555
4,261
3,003
2,778
572
7,337
4,479
4,064
2,929
2,682
591
7,271
4,342
4,002
2,906
2,649
620
7,101
4,255
3,938
2,846
2,590
574
6,837
4,045
3,700
2,794
2,567
570
7,041
4,026
3,657
3,002
2,765
620
6,522
3,723
3,319
2,788
2,498
705
6,452
3,738
3,315
2,756
2,480
657
1,490
605
277
886
561
652
1,534
611
273
926
574
686
1,576
663
271
920
586
718
1,631
659
267
959
638
726
1,683
705
290
980
620
773
1,671
697
290
973
645
736
1,627
666
269
962
620
737
1,621
686
274
926
601
746
1,542
644
273
896
599
670
1,559
625
261
947
623
675
1,555
675
290
879
545
720
1,512
626
253
884
563
1,474
616
283
841
547
643
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
6.7
6.9
6.5
6.4
5.9
25.8
7.0
7.1
6.6
6.7
6.3
26.4
7.3
7.8
7.2
6.9
6.5
25.8
7.5
7.7
7.3
7.0
6.6
27.7
7.5
7.6
7.3
7.4
6.8
26.0
7.3
7.4
7.1
6.9
6.6
25.0
7.0
7.2
6.7
6.8
6.3
25.8
6.9
7.0
6.6
6.7
6.2
25.9
6.7
6.9
6.5
6.5
6.1
23.9
6.4
6.5
6.1
6.3
6.0
23.8
6.7
6.5
6.0
6.9
6.5
25.6
6.2
6.0
5.5
6.4
5.9
27.1
6.0
6.0
5.4
6.3
5.8
26.1
Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
6.8
8.2
5.3
6.1
4.6
14.9
7.0
8.3
5.2
6.4
4.7
15.6
7.2
8.9
5.0
6.3
4.8
16.5
7.4
8.9
5.0
6.5
5.1
16.8
7.5
9.1
5.2
6.7
5.0
17.2
7.5
9.0
5.3
6.7
5.2
16.7
7.3
8.7
4.9
6.6
5.0
16.6
7.2
8.8
4.9
6.3
4.8
16.8
6.8
8.3
4.9
6.1
4.8
14.9
6.9
8.1
4.7
6.4
5.0
15.3
6.2
7.9
4.7
5.3
3.8
14.5
6.1
7.7
4.4
5.4
4.0
14.1
6.0
7.7
5.0
5.2
4.0
13.0
Looking for full-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
,
Looking for part-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
UNEMPLOYMENT RATES1
1
These rates reflect a refined definition of the full- and part-time labor
force and differ from the rates published elsewhere in this publication
prior to 1994.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
140
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-4. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1991
1992
1993
1994
Category
IV
IV
IV
MARITAL STATUS
116,795 116,827 117,101 117,567 117,761 117,951 118,394 118,984 119,543 120,311 122,088 122,547 123,082
40,501 40,389 40,072 40,290 40,313 40,536 40,792 40,983 40,832 40,870 41,381 41,345 41,425
29,890 29,846 29,910 30,175 30,244 30,219 30,428 30,309 30,456 30,855 31,533 31,241 31,638
6,475 6,511 6,576 6,555 6,585 6,615 6,671 6,833 6,826 6,727 7,100 7,088 6,987
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
30,977 31,321 30,974 31,040 31,132 31,461 31,963 31,979 32,461 32,713 33,094 33,806 34,031
36,013
16,102
13,009
17,286
3,474
35,978
16,100
12,985
17,064
3,404
36,789
16,080
12,956
16,920
3,423
36,942
16,038
13,072
16,949
3,403
36,838
16,157
13,234
16,982
3,488
36,683
16,115
13,219
16,977
3,503
36,524
16,400
13,004
17,153
3,374
36,711
16,523
13,281
17,048
3,319
36,968
16,494
13,498
16,906
3,289
37,061
16,674
13,491
17,054
3,334
37,221
16,998
13,563
17,637
3,647
36,744
17,023
13,374
17,923
3,568
37,421
16,793
13,412
17,915
3,598
1,699
1,459
116
1,653
1,449
114
1,681
1,416
96
1,718
1,706
1,403
110
1,668
1,388
1,620
1,612
1,382
127
1,345
107
1,620
1,318
1,700
1,285
93
1,679
1,628
1,693
1,649
43
1,692
1,630
54
104,464 104,444
86,605 86,497
1,028
983
85,577 85,514
17,859 17,947
105,102
87,321
1,078
86,243
17,782
109,479 110,015
91,214 91,619
1,001
1,012
90,202 90,617
18,265 18,396
9,149 9,022
134
135
110,545
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Government
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons
8,877
8,888
213
231
1,389
112
105,547 105,678 105,829 106,172
87,615 87,304 87,571 87,687
1,114 1,159 1,104 1,095
86,501 86,145 86,466 86,592
17,932 18,374 18,259 18,485
8,620 8,528 8,648 8,683 8,896
228
251
235
212
224
98
106,624 107,253 107,983
88,073 88,763 89,492
1,087 1,111 1,129
86,986 87,652 88,364
18,551 18,490 18,491
9,084 9,023 9,008
193
233
223
58
92,288
883
91,405
18,256
8,999
138
1
6,081 6,359 6,527 6,300 6,273 6,447 6,322 6,443 6,438 6,182 4,934 4,807 4,323
3,176 3,314 3,258 3,231 3,205 3,172 3,101 3,236 3,156 3,069 2,467 2,490 2,409
2,604 2,723 2,930 2,793 2,795 2,978 2,905 2,931 2,953 2,837 2,112 2,036 1,625
14,991 14,896 14,624 14,827 14,908 14,816 14,843 15,006 15,173 15,288 17,646 17,252 17,943
5,793
2,988
2,518
6,099 6,235 6,020 6,027 6,187 6,081 6,200 6,201 5,932 4,663 4,631 4,130
3,132 3,073 3,018 3,049 2,996 2,938 3,066 2,992 2,918 2,340 2,373 2,292
2,649 2,850 2,719 2,721 2,903 2,842 2,846 2,889 2,744 2,036 2,002 1,586
14,531 14,423 14,173 14,421 14,465 14,392 14,408 14,599 14,759 14,852 17,010 16,675 17,316
1
Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from
their jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation,
illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes
persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during
the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad
130
weather.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
141
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-5. Employed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1992
1991
1994
1993
Age and sex
IV
IV
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
IV
116,795 116,827 117,101 117,567 117,761 117,951 118,394 118,984 119,543 120,311 122,088 122,547 123,082
17,601 17,648 17,563 17,491 17,561 17,595 17,629 17,669 17,706 17,673 18,753 18,999 18,836
5,386
5,441
6,203
5,487
5,420
5,462
5,599
5,569
6,083
6,151
5,435
5,341
5,500
2,074
2,050
2,482
2,037
2,079
2,177
2,199
2,383
2,547
2,044
2,091
2,037
2,111
3,322
3,386
3,710
3,392
3,372
3,416
3,377
3,679
3,608
3,404
3,294
3,384
3,407
12,166 12,161 12,143 12,150 12,175 12,155 12,167 12,169 12,107 12,105 12,669 12,797 12,685
99,205 99,178 99,547 100,062 100,200 100,364 100,770 101,301 101,838 102,650 103,356 103,567 104,249
84,530 84,635 84,789 85,322 85,541 85,734 86,093 86,556 87,142 87,881 88,547 88,707 89,388
14,684 14,572 14,761 14,701 14,653 14,666 14,702 14,698 14,676 14,808 14,837 14,811 14,852
63,523
63,521
63,457
63,802
63,893 64,042
64,307 64,582
64,796 65,125
65,942 66,158
66,353
9,047
9,082
9,183
9,242
9,157
9,209
9,801
9,913
9,911
9,212
9,160
9,243
9,172
2,744
2,784
2,847
2,871
3,116
3,136
2,810
2,787
2,761
2,843
2,826
2,814
3,178
1,037
1,068
1,076
1,087
1,121
1,130
1,207
1,252
1,053
1,056
1,028
1,085
1,312
1,718
1,769
1,739
1,877
1,766
1,738
1,746
1,700
1,751
1,736
1,692
1,866
1,8
6,373
6,399
6,395
6,338
6,357
6,778
6,402
6,286
6,338
6,400
6,331
6,685
6,733
54,317 54,365 54,411 54,705 54,715 54,806 55,067 55,410 55,595 55,961 56,161 56,248 56,429
46,029 46,101 46,041 46,305 46,451 46,553 46,761 47,113 47,358 47,716 48,020 48,118 48,203
8,277
8,225
8,104
8,282
8,382
8,262
8,320
8,268
8,271
8,162
8,205
8,292
8,372
53,272
53,306
53,644
53,765
53,868
53,909
54,087
54,402
54,747
55,187
56,147
56,389
56,728
8,378
8,353
8,498
8,388
8,489
8,516
8,409
8,386
8,512
8,502
8,951
9,086
8,925
2,603
2,594
2,728
2,625
2,700
2,659
2,597
2,619
2,674
2,754
2,968
3,067
2,973
1,007
974
1,035
1,009
1,000
994
1,056
1,068
991
1,025
1,176
1,231
1,236
1,594
1,604
1,617
1,677
1,642
1,646
1,621
1,648
1,685
1,783
1,833
1,743
5,857
5,776
5,759
5,767
5,769
5,747
5,984
5,763
5,788
5,812
5,838
6,019
5,952
44,888 44,813 45,136 45,357 45,486 45,557 45,703 45,892 46,242 46,690 47,195 47,319 47,820
38,500 38,534 38,748 39,016 39,090 39,181 39,333 39,443 39,784 40,166 40,527 40,589 41,185
6,330
6,391
6,390
6,452
6,537
6,707
6,392
6,291
6,379
6,382
6,430
6,676
6,646
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
D-6. Unemployed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1991
1992
1994
1993
Age and sex
IV
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
8,424
8,752
9,200
9,507
9,573
9,279
8,961
8,906
8,638
8,402
8,586
8,043
7,914
2,773
1,277
573
701
1,495
5,651
5,064
590
2,870
1,305
593
717
1,565
5,864
5,281
614
2,859
1,327
580
738
1,532
6,352
5,663
684
2,919
1,382
642
751
1,537
6,586
5,784
767
2,977
1,395
630
758
1,582
6,600
5,823
786
2,833
1,309
599
714
1,524
6,431
5,745
717
2,828
1,329
623
697
1,499
6,145
5,465
670
2,827
1,362
605
767
1,465
6,073
5,397
648
2,651
1,249
539
702
1,401
5,987
5,313
678
2,555
1,248
553
700
1,307
5,838
5,200
668
2,843
1,338
632
698
1,505
5,758
5,058
2,750
1,396
684
724
1,354
5,285
4,630
629
2,679
1,296
628
665
1,383
5,239
4,600
630
4,877
4,958
5,312
5,485
5,454
5,292
5,064
5,052
4,923
4,663
4,697
4,354
4,327
1,583
703
309
391
880
3,283
2,905
379
1,582
709
304
404
873
3,368
3,018
370
1,659
756
324
428
903
3,671
3,234
435
1,659
770
358
423
889
3,820
3,313
486
1,655
788
350
432
867
3,792
3,332
466
1,608
733
332
402
875
3,678
3,252
441
1,578
736
347
384
842
3,501
3,090
409
1,605
767
350
427
838
3,437
3,028
394
1,522
715
307
402
806
3,397
2,966
432
1,434
698
304
394
736
3,226
2,830
406
1,586
759
355
400
828
3,124
2,731
398
1,532
775
384
402
756
2,812
2,439
360
1,510
739
336
399
771
2,826
2,443
370
3,548
3,795
3,888
4,022
4,119
3,987
3,897
3,854
3,715
3,739
3,888
3,689
3,587
1,190
575
264
310
615
2,368
2,159
211
1,288
596
288
313
692
2,496
2,263
244
1,201
572
256
311
629
2,681
2,429
248
1,260
612
284
328
649
2,766
2,471
281
1,321
607
280
326
714
2,808
2,491
319
1,225
575
268
312
649
2,753
2,493
277
1,250
593
276
312
658
2,644
2,375
262
1,222
595
255
340
627
2,635
2,369
254
1,129
534
232
300
595
2,589
2,347
246
1,121
549
249
306
571
2,612
2,370
262
1,257
579
278
298
678
2,634
2,327
300
1,218
620
299
321
598
2,473
2,191
269
1,169
557
292
266
613
2,413
2,157
261
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
142
IV
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-7. Unemployment rates by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
1991
1992
1993
1994
Age and sex
IV
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
IV
6.7
7.0
7.3
7.5
7.5
7.3
7.0
7.0
6.7
6.5
6.6
6.2
6.0
13.6
19.0
21.9
17.1
10.9
5.4
5.7
3.9
14.0
19.2
22.1
17.4
11.4
5.6
5.9
4.0
14.0
19.7
22.2
17.9
11.2
6.0
6.3
4.4
14.3
20.6
24.0
18.6
11.2
6.2
6.3
5.0
14.5
20.6
23.3
18.6
11.5
6.2
6.4
5.1
13.9
19.4
22.6
17.4
11.1
6.0
6.3
4.7
13.8
19.6
23.1
17.1
11.0
5.7
6.0
4.4
13.8
19.8
22.3
18.5
10.7
5.7
5.9
4.2
13.0
18.2
19.8
17.1
10.4
5.6
5.7
4.4
12.6
18.3
20.1
17.2
9.7
5.4
5.6
4.3
13.2
18.0
21.0
15.9
10.6
5.3
5.4
4.5
12.6
18.4
21.6
16.3
9.6
4.9
5.0
4.1
12.5
17.4
19.8
15.6
9.8
4.8
4.9
4.1
7.1
7.2
7.7
7.9
7.9
7.6
7.3
7.3
7.1
6.7
6.6
6.2
6.1
14.7
20.0
22.7
18.1
12.1
5.7
5.9
4.4
14.7
20.3
22.4
18.9
12.0
5.8
6.1
4.3
15.5
21.5
23.9
19.7
12.6
6.3
6.6
4.9
15.4
21.9
25.7
19.9
12.3
6.5
6.7
5.5
15.3
22.1
24.7
20.1
11.9
6.5
6.7
5.3
14.8
20.5
23.6
18.5
12.0
6.3
6.5
5.1
14.6
20.6
24.2
18.0
11.6
6.0
6.2
4.7
14.9
21.3
24.4
19.7
11.7
5.8
6.0
4.5
14.2
19.9
21.5
18.8
11.3
5.8
5.9
5.0
13.5
19.9
21.2
18.9
10.4
5.5
5.6
4.7
13.9
19.6
22.7
17.4
11.0
5.3
5.4
4.6
13.4
19.8
23.5
17.7
10.0
4.8
4.8
4.3
13.2
18.9
20.4
17.6
10.3
4.8
4.8
4.3
6.2
6.6
6.8
7.0
7.1
6.9
6.7
6.6
6.4
6.3
6.5
6.1
5.9
12.4
18.0
21.1
15.9
9.6
5.0
5.3
3.2
13.2
18.1
21.8
15.8
10.7
5.3
5.5
3.7
12.4
17.7
20.2
15.9
9.7
5.6
5.9
3.7
13.0
19.1
22.1
17.1
10.0
5.7
6.0
4.3
13.6
18.9
21.8
16.9
11.0
5.8
6.0
4.8
12.8
18.2
21.6
16.2
10.1
5.7
6.0
4.2
13.0
18.5
21.7
16.2
10.2
5.5
5.7
3.9
12.6
18.2
19.9
17.1
9.7
5.4
5.7
3.8
11.7
16.4
18.0
15.2
9.3
5.3
5.6
3.7
11.6
16.6
18.9
15.4
9.0
5.3
5.6
3.9
12.3
16.3
19.1
14.3
10.2
5.3
5.4
4.3
11.8
16.8
19.6
14.9
9.0
5.0
5.1
3.9
11.6
15.8
19.1
13.2
9.3
4.8
5.0
3.8
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
IV
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
143
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-8. Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics, seasonally adjusted
1992
1991
1993
1994
Category
IV
IV
IV
CHARACTERISTIC
7.0
6.5
5.9
19.2
7.3
7.0
6.1
19.7
7.5
7.2
6.2
20.6
7.5
7.1
6.4
20.6
7.3
6.9
6.2
19.4
7.0
6.6
6.0
19.6
7.0
6.5
5.9
19.8
5.8
6.5
6.0
5.7
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
6.7
6.4
5.5
19.0
18.2
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin
6.0
10.9
12.2
10.2
6.2
11.5
12.8
10.2
6.4
12.4
13.9
11.2
6.6
12.8
14.3
11.3
6.6
12.7
14.1
11.7
6.4
12.7
14.1
11.6
6.2
12.3
13.6
11.3
6.1
12.1
13.3
10.3
4.3
4.4
9.0
4.5
4.7
9.3
4.9
4.9
9.4
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.1
10.0
10.1
4.9
5.0
10.0
4.6
4.6
9.8
2.9
5.0
8.3
10.2
7.6
2.9
5.3
8.3
10.4
7.8
3.0
5.7
9.3
11.2
7.6
3.1
5.8
8.7
11.2
8.0
3.3
5.9
8.6
11.1
8.6
3.2
5.8
8.6
10.6
8.4
7.0
8.8
8.4
7.3
9.2
9.1
16.5
7.2
7.1
7.3
6.4
5.6
7.8
4.2
6.0
3.5
11.7
7.6
9.6
7.7
17.5
7.5
7.6
7.3
6.8
5.5
8.4
4.3
6.4
3.7
7.7
9.8
8.1
16.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
6.9
5.2
8.4
4.5
6.6
3.5
12.7
7.8
9.8
8.8
16.5
7.9
8.2
7.6
7.0
5.5
8.7
4.6
6.4
3.4
7.6
9.5
6.9
15.5
7.9
8.3
7.3
6.8
5.7
8.0
4.7
6.7
3.5
12.7
Total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present,
Women who maintain families
OCCUPATION
,
18.3
6.6
5.9
5.9
18.0
6.2
5.4
5.4
18.4
6.0
5.4
5.3
17.4
5.9
11.5
12.6
10.2
5.8
11.0
12.0
10.7
5.7
11.4
12.8
10.2
5.4
10.5
11.5
10.2
5.2
10.5
11.1
10.2
4.5
4.7
9.7
4.4
4.6
9.2
4.1
4.5
9.5
4.2
4.4
9.6
3.7
4.1
8.9
3.5
4.1
8.6
3.3
5.4
8.1
10.1
8.5
3.0
5.5
8.3
9.9
8.0
2.7
5.3
7.9
10.2
7.8
2.9
5.2
7.3
9.4
8.2
2.8
5.5
7.0
9.4
9.2
2.6
5.2
6.4
9.0
7.5
2.6
4.8
6.0
9.0
8.8
7.3
8.9
6.8
14.8
7.3
7.2
7.5
6.6
4.9
7.9
4.3
6.4
3.6
12.2
7.2
9.0
8.5
15.0
7.2
7.2
7.2
6.5
5.0
8.0
4.3
6.0
3.3
11.5
7.0
9.0
6.9
14.9
7.3
7.2
7.5
6.2
5.2
7.5
4.0
5.9
3.2
11.3
6.8
8.1
6.9
6.9
7.7
4.9
13.6
6.1
5.5
7.0
6.6
5.1
8.0
3.4
6.5
3.6
13.9
6.3
7.0
6.9
12.0
5.5
5.3
5.9
6.1
4.9
7.3
3.6
6.0
3.6
9.1
6.2
6.7
5.6
10.7
5.5
5.5
5.5
6.0
4.9
7.3
4.0
5.7
3.4
6.7
6.4
1
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
,
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
,
Services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
15.5
6.9
7.1
6.7
6.2
5.1
7.7
4.1
5.8
3.2
11.2
1
Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not available
because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle
and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with
sufficient precision.
144
11.0
13.2
12.9
6.7
6.6
6.9
6.2
5.3
7.7
3.7
5.9
3.1
11.1
11.5
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-9. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1991
1992
1993
1994
Reason
IV
IV
IV
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
4,639
1,173
3,466
953
2,066
772
4,814
1,205
3,609
962
2,155
807
5,203
1,267
3,936
936
2,214
824
5,425
1,253
4,172
999
2,182
904
5,350
1,268
4,082
1,019
2,284
954
5,211
1,190
4,021
947
2,232
879
4,863
1,083
3,780
972
2,212
924
4,820
1,114
3,705
963
2,208
901
4,812
1,162
3,650
908
2,091
849
4,555
1,080
3,475
950
2,062
823
4,221 3,662 3,762
955
881
1,096
3,125 2,781 2,807
799
801
841
2,928 2,957 2,713
645 587 616
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
55.0 55.1 56.7 57.1 55.7 56.2 54.2 54.2 55.6 54.3 48.9 45.7 47.7
13.9 13.8 13.8 13.2 13.2 12.8 12.1 12.5 13.4 12.9 12.7 11.0 12.1
41.1 41.3 42.9 43.9 42.5 43.4 42.1 41.7 42.2 41.4 36.2 34.7 35.6
11.3 11.0 10.2 10.5 10.6 10.2 10.8 10.8 10.5 11.3
9.7 10.0 10.1
24.5 24.7 24.1 22.9 23.8 24.1 24.7 24.8 24.1 24.6 33.9 36.9 34.4
9.0
9.2
9.2
9.9
9.5
9.5 10.3 10.1
7.8
7.3
9.8
9.8
7.5
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
3.8
.8
1.7
3.7
.8
1.7
.6
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
4.1
.7
1.8
.7
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
4.3
.8
1.7
.7
4.2
.8
1.8
.7
4.1
.7
1.8
.7
3.8
.8
1.7
.7
3.8
.8
1.7
.7
3.8
.7
1.6
.7
3.5
.7
1.6
.6
3.2
.6
2.2
.5
2.8
.6
2.3
.4
2.9
.6
2.1
.5
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
D-10. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1992
1991
1994
1993
Duration
IV
IV
IV
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks ..
Median duration, in weeks
3,350
2,676
2,380
1,235
1,145
3,340
2,717
2,679
1,366
1,313
3,252
2,799
3,142
1,446
1,696
3,335
2,735
3,382
1,414
1,968
3,337
2,787
3,500
1,424
2,077
3,139
2,693
3,438
1,440
1,997
3,214
2,558
3,192
1,310
1,882
3,261
2,607
3,019
1,279
1,740
3,107
2,536
3,018
1,271
1,747
3,055
2,380
2,955
1,217
1,738
2,894
2,538
3,080
1,312
1,768
2,781
2,451
2,812
1,138
1,674
2,719
2,433
2,830
1,246
1,584
14.1
7.1
14.9
7.6
16.7
8.2
18.0
8.8
18.3
8.9
18.7
9.2
18.1
8.5
17.8
8.4
18.2
8.5
18.5
8.3
18.7
8.8
19.0
9.1
19.2
9.5
100.0
39.9
31.8
28.3
14.7
13.6
100.0
38.2
31.1
30.7
15.6
15.0
100.0
35.4
30.5
34.2
15.7
18.5
100.0
35.3
28.9
35.8
15.0
20.8
100.0
34.7
29.0
36.4
14.8
21.6
100.0
33.9
29.1
37.1
15.5
21.5
100.0
35.9
28.5
35.6
14.6
21.0
100.0
36.7
29.3
34.0
14.4
19.6
100.0
35.9
29.3
34.8
14.7
20.2
100.0
36.4
28.4
35.2
14.5
20.7
100.0
34.0
29.8
36.2
15.4
20.8
100.0
34.6
30.5
35.0
14.1
20.8
100.0
34.1
30.5
35.5
15.6
19.9
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
145
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-11. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Employment status, sex, and age
Black
White
Hispanic origin
III
1993
III
1994
III
1993
III
1994
III
1993
III
1994
III
1993
III
1994
193,799
129,218
66.7
120,685
3,336
117,349
8,533
6.6
64,581
197.050
132,100
67.0
124,257
3,696
120,561
7,843
5.9
64,950
164,078
110,301
67.2
103,947
3.100
100,847
6,354
5.8
53,778
165,701
111.952
67.6
106,221
3,424
102,798
5,731
5.1
53,749
22,376
14,175
63.3
12,394
165
12,230
1,781
12.6
8,201
22,918
14,644
63.9
13,019
159
12,860
1,625
11.1
8,275
15,824
10,485
66.3
9,435
18,193
12.083
66.4
10,881
615
10,266
1,202
92,754
70,480
76.0
65,881
2,624
63,257
4,599
6.5
22,274
94,474
71,509
75.7
67,454
2,754
64,700
4.055
5.7
22,965
79.169
60.798
76.8
57,332
2.412
54,920
3,466
5.7
18,371
80,137
61,313
76.5
58,355
2.531
55,824
2,957
4.8
18,824
10,102
7,061
69.9
6,153
150
6,003
907
12.9
3,042
10,277
7,156
69.6
6.330
135
6,195
826
11.5
3,121
7,860
6,360
80.9
5,764
451
5,313
596
9.4
1,500
9,140
7,268
79.5
6,598
526
6,072
670
86.009
66.428
77.2
62,557
2,390
60,167
3,871
5.8
19,581
87,231
67,103
76.9
63,805
2,474
61,330
3,299
4.9
20,128
73,789
57,368
77.7
54,433
2,197
52,235
2,936
5.1
16,420
74,371
57,610
77.5
55,179
2.261
52,918
2,431
4.2
16,760
9,051
6.572
72.6
5,829
139
5,690
742
11.3
2.480
9,183
6,626
72.2
5,983
129
5,855
642
9.7
2,557
7,102
5,935
83.6
5,436
423
5,012
8,209
6,777
82.6
6,235
101,045
58,738
58.1
54,804
712
54,092
3,935
84,910
49,503
58.3
46.615
688
45,927
2,888
5.8
35,406
85,565
50,640
59.2
47,866
893
46,974
2,773
5.5
34,925
12.274
7.115
58.0
6.241
15
6,226
873
12.3
5,160
12,641
7,488
59.2
6,689
24
6,665
799
10.7
5,153
7,964
4,125
51.8
3,671
63
3,608
42,307
102,576
60,591
59.1
56,803
941
55,861
3,788
6.3
41,985
11.0
3,839
9,053
4,815
53.2
4,282
89
4,194
532
11.1
4,239
94,497
55,117
58.3
51,755
656
51.098
3,362
6.1
39,380
95,557
56,693
59.3
53,501
881
52.620
3,192
5.6
38,864
79,694
46,427
58.3
43.948
634
43,314
2.479
5.3
33,267
80,037
47.370
59.2
45.012
837
44,175
2,358
5.0
32,667
11,222
6.687
59.6
5.950
13
5.937
737
11.0
4,534
11,514
7,210
3,832
53.2
3,450
8,158
4,433
54.3
3,981
13,293
7,673
57.7
6,373
289
6,084
1,300
16.9
5,620
14,262
8.303
58.2
6,951
340
6,611
1,352
16.3
5,959
10,595
6.505
61.4
5.567
269
5,298
938
14.4
4.090
11,294
6,972
61.7
6.030
325
5,705
942
13.5
4,322
2,104
916
43.6
615
13
602
301
32.9
1,187
2.221
996
44.8
670
8
662
326
32.7
1.226
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
514
8,921
1,050
10.0
5,339
9.9
6,110
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
9.2
1,872
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
499
8.4
1,167
490
5,744
543
8.0
1,432
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
6.7
454
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
7,022
61.0
6,366
22
6,344
656
9.3
4,492
57
80
3,393
382
10.0
3,377
3,901
1,512
718
47.5
549
33
516
168
23.5
795
1,827
872
47.8
665
45
620
208
23.8
954
452
10.2
3,725
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
146
years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-12. Employment status of the Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
j Total Hispanic origin'
Employment status, sex, and age
Mexican origin
III
1994
1993
Puerto Rican origin
Cuban origin
III
1994
1993
1993
1994
11,324
7,708
68.1
6,921
558
6,364
787
10.2
3,615
1,678
956
57.0
846
5
840
111
11.6
722
1,854
1,040
56.1
904
8
896
137
13.1
813
925
550
59.5
507
14
493
43
7.8
375
1,037
645
62.2
590
3
587
55
8.5
392
5,033
4,153
82.5
3,771
406
3,365
382
9.2
881
5,853
4,797
82.0
4,347
473
3,874
450
9.4
1,056
772
554
71.8
482
4
478
73
13.1
217
881
598
67.9
533
7
526
65
10.9
283
426
322
75.7
297
10
287
25
7.8
103
514
371
72.1
341
3
338
29
8.0
143
8,209
6,777
82.6
6,235
490
5,744
543
8.0
1,432
4,532
3,859
85.1
3,541
381
3,161
317
8.2
€73
5,233
4,429
84.6
4,072
441
3,631
357
8.1
804
682
513
75.2
451
3
448
62
12.0
169
788
566
71.8
511
7
505
55
9.6
222
411
315
76.6
292
10
282
23
7.3
96
492
363
73.6
336
3
333
27
7.5
130
7,964
4,125
51.8
3,671
63
3,608
454
11.0
3,839
9,053
4,815
53.2
4,282
89
4,194
532
11.1
4,239
4,822
2,520
52.3
2,230
55
2,175
290
11.5
2,302
5,471
2,912
53.2
2,575
85
2,490
337
11.6
2,559
906
402
44.4
364
1
362
38
9.5
504
973
442
45.5
371
1
370
72
16.2
531
499
228
45.7
210
4
206
18
7.9
271
523
274
52.4
249
7,210
3,832
53.2
3,450
57
3,393
382
10.0
3,377
8,158
4,433
54.3
3,981
80
3,901
452
10.2
3,725
4,282
2,304
53.8
2,068
52
2,015
237
10.3
1,978
4,865
2,646
54.4
2,370
76
2,294
276
10.4
2,219
848
385
45.3
351
1
350
34
8.8
464
900
418
46.4
354
1
353
64
15.3
482
471
217
46.0
202
2
200
15
6.9
254
500
267
53.3
245
1,512
718
47.5
549
33
516
168
23.5
795
1,827
872
47.8
665
45
620
208
23.8
954
1,042
510
49.0
392
28
365
118
23.1
532
1,225
633
51.7
479
41
438
154
24.3
592
148
59
39.9
44
1
42
16
167
57
34.3
39
43
18
44
15
ft
ft
1993
1994
15,824
10,485
66.3
9,435
514
8,921
1,050
10.0
5,339
18,193
12,083
66.4
10,881
615
10,266
1,202
9.9
6,110
9,855
6,673
67.7
6,001
461
5,541
672
10.1
3,182
7,860
6,360
80.9
5,764
451
5,313
596
9.4
1,500
9,140
7,268
79.5
6,598
526
6,072
670
9.2
1,872
7,102
5,935
83.6
5,436
423
5,012
499
8.4
1,167
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
249
25
9.2
249
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
245
22
8.2
234
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
1
Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
89
38
18
109
ft
13
2
11
5
ft
24
ft
10
10
6
ft
28
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
147
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-13. Employed white, black, and Hispanlc-orlgin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker, and full- or part-time status
(In thousands)
White
Total
Category
III
1993
III
1994
III
1993
Black
III
1994
Hispanic origin
III
1993
III
1994
120,685 124,257 103,947 106,221
65,881 67,454 57,332 58,355
54,804 56,803 46,615 47,866
12,394
6,153
6,241
13,019
6,330
6,689
9,435
5,764
3,671
10,881
6,598
4,282
III
1993
1994
SEX
Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women
OCCUPATION
32,132
15,372
16,760
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
•
33,726
16,552
17,174
28,710
13,914
14,795
29,938
14,772
15,166
2,155
964
1,191
2,458
1,177
1,281
1,335
702
633
1,528
812
716
36,963
4,001
14,419
37,407
3,881
14,888
18,638
32,236
3,429
12,971
3,435
377
9oo
2,102
3,626
356
2,322
203
851
1,268
2,671
15,836
32,360
3,323
13,341
15,697
16,996
800
13,114
803
13,275
637
2,280
13,916
1,726
1,842
10,796
2,912
124
370
1,906
223
129
1,553
2,102
208
165
10,585
2,886
153
351
2,382
18,544
1,039
2,232
221
1,010
1,440
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
16,693
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
13,833
4,557
5,395
3,880
13,747
4,496
5,260
3,992
12,417
4,116
4,920
3,381
12,195
1,030
316
359
354
1,071
1,252
356
494
402
1,372
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
17,288
7,461
5,085
4,743
742
4,001
18,286
7,885
5,170
5,231
859
4,373
14,031
5,976
4,268
3,787
574
3,212
14,737
6,221
4,290
4,226
2,641
1,152
698
791
136
654
2,714
2,044
982
463
598
118
481
2,512
3,775
4,095
3,440
3,717
248
239
576
695
1,810
1,415
111
1,889
1,748
1,645
1,683
1,683
58
112
52
119
40
455
59
574
41
94,439
14,386
80,053
758
11,828
2,857
12,416
2,842
9,574
8,399
1,135
7,264
165
79,295
8,239
8,769
247
7,017
502
20
9,677
1,233
8,444
231
8,213
7,982
1,453
Farming, forestry, and fishing
991
2,127
13,575
2,419
1,215
724
775
1,729
1,165
534
813
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
59
1,346
109
108,020 111,359
18,157 17,947
89,863 93,413
1,227
972
88,636 92,441
9,098
9,065
137
230
92,319
14,661
77,658
981
76,677
100,467 102,142
20,218 22,114
86,270
17,677
8,316
212
1
8,971
203
120
397
5
9,409
436
7
86,964
19,258
10,523
1,872
10,975
2,043
571
18
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
148
9,141
1,740
years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-14. Employed Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker, and full- or part-time
status
(In thousands)
Total Hispanic
origin1
Mexican origin
Puerto Rican
origin
Cuban origin
Category
1993
III
1994
1993
III
1994
III
1993
III
1994
III
1993
1994
SEX
9,435
5,764
3,671
10,881
6,598
4,282
6,001
3,771
2,230
6,921
4,347
2,575
846
482
364
904
533
371
507
297
210
590
341
249
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
1,335
702
633
1,528
812
716
675
369
306
773
418
355
165
70
95
174
84
90
141
80
60
156
76
80
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
2,322
203
851
1,268
2,671
221
1,375
109
497
768
1,545
114
563
868
274
21
78
175
290
27
84
179
172
21
68
84
223
20
89
114
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
1,906
223
129
1,553
2,102
208
165
1,169
115
71
982
1,315
102
93
1,120
166
6
29
131
149
6
34
109
48
3
4
41
48
3
9
36
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
1,252
356
494
402
1,372
864
220
356
287
914
221
381
312
86
26
23
37
88
28
24
37
54
17
27
10
26
22
21
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
,
Transportation and material moving occupations
,
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
,
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
2,044
982
463
598
118
481
2,512
1,402
651
293
457
93
364
1,754
826
325
602
147
549
146
81
40
26
3
22
189
87
53
301
81
33
33
14
2
13
86
26
30
30
5
33
576
695
518
621
8
13
11
455
59
574
41
413
47
529
29
8,399
1,135
7,264
247
7,017
502
20
9,677
1,233
8,444
6,017
790
231
8,213
571
18
5,242
719
4,524
134
4,390
281
17
7,982
1,453
9,141
1,740
5,049
952
5,803
1,119
Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women
OCCUPATION
Farming, forestry, and fishing
1,010
1,440
1,729
1,165
534
813
49
5
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
5,227
111
5,116
334
12
2
804
181
623
6
617
35
13
860
160
701
8
693
32
3
452
46
406
3
403
41
526
59
467
3
464
61
464
43
503
87
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers
Part time workers
1
Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
721
125
775
129
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
149
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-15. Employed persons by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)
Total
White
Black
Age and sex
Hispanic origin
III
1994
1993
III
1993
III
1994
1993
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
120,685
124,257
103,947
106,221
12,394
13,019
9,435
10,881
6,951
2,977
3,974
13,101
104,205
89,392
14,813
5,567
2,304
3,263
10,679
87,702
74,745
12,957
6,030
2,573
3,458
11,033
89,158
75,925
13,233
615
225
390
1,363
10,416
9,143
1,273
670
308
362
1,478
10,871
9,712
1,159
549
179
370
1,293
7,593
6,829
763
665
227
438
1,623
8,593
7,782
811
65,881
67,454
57,332
58,355
6,153
6,330
5,764
6,598
3,650
1,570
2,080
7,036
56,769
48,549
8,220
2,900
1,216
1,684
5,656
48,776
41,405
7,371
3,176
1,361
1,815
5,965
49,214
41,770
7,444
324
121
203
706
5,124
4,488
636
347
154
192
731
5,253
4,709
544
328
112
217
822
4,614
4,169
445
364
124
239
1,073
5,161
4,680
481
54,804
56,803
46,615
47,866
6,241
6,689
3,671
4,282
3,049
1,222
1,827
5,875
45,879
39,467
6,412
Men, 16 years and over
1994
3,324
1,377
1,947
6,618
55,940
47,702
8,238
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
1993
6,373
2,599
3,774
12,493
101,819
87,169
14,650
Total, 16 years and over....
1994
3,301
1,407
1,894
6,065
47,437
40,843
6,594
2,667
1,089
1,579
5,022
38,925
33,340
5,585
2,854
1,211
1,643
5,068
39,944
34,155
5,789
291
105
187
658
5,292
4,655
637
323
154
169
747
5,619
5,004
615
221
68
153
472
2,979
2,661
318
301
103
198
550
3,432
3,102
330
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
D-16. Unemployment rates by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
White
Total
Age and sex
Hispanic origin
Black
Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
1994
III
1993
1994
1993
III
1994
III
1993
III
1993
6.6
5.9
5.8
5.1
12.6
11.1
10.0
9.9
16.9
18.0
16.2
10.0
5.4
5.6
4.4
16.3
18.2
14.8
9.5
4.7
4.8
4.1
14.4
15.9
13.3
8.3
4.8
5.0
4.0
13.5
15.6
11.9
7.9
4.1
4.2
3.7
32.9
33.1
32.7
21.0
9.7
10.0
7.1
32.7
31.9
33.4
18.9
8.1
8.2
6.9
23.5
29.5
20.1
12.5
8.4
8.3
9.4
23.8
31.4
19.2
12.7
8.1
8.2
7.3
6.5
5.7
5.7
4.8
12.9
11.5
9.4
9.2
18.0
19.0
17.2
10.3
5.3
5.4
4.7
17.2
18.3
16.2
9.3
4.3
4.4
4.1
15.5
16.9
14.4
8.6
4.7
4.8
4.2
14.2
15.6
13.2
7.9
3.8
3.8
3.7
33.8
34.1
33.6
21.1
9.8
10.0
8.0
34.6
35.9
33.5
18.5
8.3
8.5
7.2
22.8
29.3
18.9
11.1
7.9
7.7
9.7
25.9
32.3
22.1
11.4
7.3
7.2
8.4
6.7
6.3
5.8
5.5
12.3
10.7
11.0
11.1
15.8
16.9
15.1
9.7
5.6
5.9
4.0
15.3
17.9
13.2
9.8
5.1
5.2
4.1
13.3
14.8
12.2
8.0
5.0
5.2
3.8
12.7
15.7
10.4
7.9
4.6
4.7
3.7
31.8
32.0
31.8
21.0
9.6
10.1
6.1
30.6
27.3
33.3
19.4
7.8
8.0
6.7
24.4
29.9
21.8
14.7
9.2
9.2
8.9
21.1
30.3
15.4
15.2
9.3
9.7
5.6
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
150
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-17. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
White
Total
Reasons
1993
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ,
On temporary layoff
,
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
1994
8,533
4,480
7,843
3,491
983
3,497
818
2,672
1,951
0
0
721
844
2,815
III
1994
III
1993
III
1994
1,781
882
158
723
1,050
594
85
509
170
475
254
1,625
597
126
471
325
147
118
707
203
94
225
137
1,202
536
133
403
299
105
95
420
151
1994
6,354
3,415
800
2,614
0
O
743
1,581
615
931
III
1993
5,731
2,684
650
2,034
1,504
529
687
1,937
423
III
1993
694
951
2,171
Hispanic origin
Black
0
0
0
0
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
,
100.0
52.5
11.5
41.0
11.1
25.4
10.9
100.0
44.5
10.4
34.1
10.8
35.9
8.8
100.0
53.7
12.6
41.1
11.7
24.9
9.7
100.0
46.8
11.3
35.5
12.0
33.8
7.4
100.0
49.5
8.9
40.6
9.5
26.7
14.3
100.0
36.8
7.7
29.0
7.2
43.5
12.5
100.0
56.6
8.1
48.4
9.0
21.4
13.0
100.0
44.6
11.1
33.6
7.9
35.0
12.5
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
3.5
.7
1.7
.7
2.6
.6
3.1
.7
1.4
.6
2.4
.6
1.7
.4
6.2
1.2
3.4
1.8
4.1
.8
4.8
1.4
5.7
.9
2.1
1.3
4.4
.8
3.5
1.2
2.1
.5
1
Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
Not available.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
D-18. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Black
White
Total
Duration
Hispanic origin
III
1993
III
1994
III
1993
III
1994
III
1993
III
1994
1993
III
1994
8,533
3,184
2,558
2,791
1,062
1,730
7,843
2,787
2,460
2,595
1,041
1,555
6,354
2,425
1,882
2,047
776
1,271
5,731
2,154
1,757
1,820
714
1,106
1,781
608
555
617
235
382
1,625
460
538
626
257
369
1,050
435
300
314
120
195
1,202
421
373
408
159
249
17.6
7.8
18.5
8.6
17.2
7.6
17.9
8.2
18.9
8.6
21.0
10.1
16.3
7.0
18.9
8.9
100.0
37.3
30.0
32.7
12.4
20.3
100.0
35.5
31.4
33.1
13.3
19.8
100.0
38.2
29.6
32.2
12.2
20.0
100.0
37.6
30.7
31.8
12.5
19.3
100.0
34.1
31.2
34.7
13.2
21.5
100.0
28.3
33.1
38.6
15.8
22.7
100.0
41.5
28.6
29.9
11.4
18.5
100.0
35.0
31.0
34.0
13.2
20.7
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier
years.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
151
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-19. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Characteristic
Median weekly earnings
III
1993
III
1994
89,568
$461
$462
49,552
6,330
43,222
51,526
7,175
44,351
513
284
563
512
290
569
37,299
4,932
32,367
38,043
4,885
33,158
396
263
421
399
274
424
White
Men
Women
73,677
42,698
30,979
75,387
44,123
31.264
476
530
401
481
534
409
Black
Men
Women
9,933
5,056
4,877
10,502
5,313
5,189
374
395
355
364
388
341
Hispanic origin
Men
Women
7,309
4,608
2,701
8,345
5,287
3,058
328
341
314
326
342
311
III
1993
III
1994
86,850
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups. Publication of data on family relationship has been
temporarily suspended due to editing and weighting problems associated
152
with the redesigned survey. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable
with data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in
the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-20. Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Characteristic
Median weekly earnings
III
1993
1993
III
1994
19,405
19,248
$140
$141
6,261
3,257
3,004
5,777
2,970
2,807
129
114
155
134
116
168
13,143
3,820
9,323
13,472
4,172
9,299
146
115
164
144
111
167
White
Men
Women
16,783
5,256
11,527
16,551
4,873
11,678
141
127
148
144
136
148
Black
Men
Women
1,945
723
1,222
1,925
616
1,310
133
131
134
123
121
124
Hispanic origin
Men
Women
1,473
596
878
1,541
622
919
134
139
129
140
149
134
1994
SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups. Publication of data on family relationship has been
temporarily suspended due to editing and weighting problems associated
with the redesigned survey. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable
with data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in
the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
153
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-21. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Median weekly earnings
Occupation and sex
1993
1994
24,179
11,817
12,362
26,547
3,479
8,515
14,553
25,202
12,426
1993
III
1994
$672
654
683
419
521
448
391
289
186
518
270
502
516
497
494
371
359
454
310
263
$680
651
704
417
517
455
388
288
182
504
267
504
523
485
504
374
361
463
310
281
802
792
811
522
588
564
462
332
TOTAL
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
9,342
402
1,852
7,088
10,860
3,841
3,534
3,484
14,416
6,862
4,193
3,360
1,506
12,776
26,479
3,233
8,964
14,282
9,800
336
1,941
7,522
11,180
3,888
3,839
3,453
15,322
7,280
4,218
3,823
1,586
Men
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
12,456
6,586
5,870
10,184
1,806
5,067
3,312
4,604
19
1,572
3,014
9,875
3,655
3,476
2,745
11,123
4,355
3,970
2,798
1,309
12,918
6,906
6,011
10,252
1,680
5,214
3,358
4,889
11
791
790
792
529
585
543
492
349
1,632
3,245
540
291
514
513
500
539
402
410
463
316
269
534
284
513
524
487
546
404
414
471
314
294
11,723
12,284
5,519
6,765
16,227
1,553
3,751
10,924
4,911
325
309
4,277
957
151
56
750
3,490
2,647
196
646
174
576
523
603
377
473
328
374
255
183
431
258
354
579
594
550
624
376
472
323
372
258
183
380
257
385
512
10,223
3,737
3,783
2,703
11,832
4,633
4,022
3,177
1,412
0
O
Women
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
1
Data not shown where base is less than 100,000.
NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993
and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the
154
5,231
6,491
16,363
1,674
3,448
11,242
4,738
383
280
4,075
985
187
59
739
3,292
2,507
223
562
197
0
O
320
293
291
351
280
239
366
300
300
340
292
226
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
D-22. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Total
Unemployed
Veteran status and age
III
1994
III
1993
Percent of
labor force
Number
III
1993
III
1994
1993
1994
1993
III
1994
III
1993
1994
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 40 years and over
40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 years and over
7,212
6,370
2,225
2,958
1,187
843
7,523
6,598
1,846
3,240
1,511
926
6,393
5,942
2,082
2,761
1,099
451
6,601
6,074
1,701
3,003
1,370
527
6,123
5,693
1,986
2,649
1,057
431
6,343
5,832
1,617
2,881
1,334
511
270
249
96
111
42
21
258
242
84
122
36
16
4.2
4.2
4.6
4.0
3.8
4.7
3.9
4.0
4.9
4.1
2.6
3.0
15,527
6,834
4,638
4,055
16,257
7,547
4,777
3,933
14,126
6,375
4,197
3,554
14,645
7,016
4,290
3,338
13,452
6,095
3,991
3,366
14,123
6,791
4,140
3,192
674
280
206
187
522
225
150
146
4.8
4.4
4.9
5.3
3.6
3.2
3.5
4.4
NONVETERANS
Total, 40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men
who have never served in the Armed Forces. Published data are limited
to those 40 to 54 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds
to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population. Data for 1994 are not
directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional
information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
D-23. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Nonveterans
Veterans
Employment status and age
Black
White
1993
Hispanic origin
III
1994
White
Hispanic origin
Black
1993
1994
1994
III
1993
III
1994
5,762
5,414
5,203
210
3.9
5,895
5,468
5,278
191
3.5
504
438
404
34
7.8
581
496
455
41
8.2
195
175
171
4
2.3
2,008
1,885
1,806
78
4.1
1,611
1,497
1,437
60
4.0
182
164
146
18
11.0
194
167
151
17
10.0
79
77
2
3.0
2,677
2,527
2,430
97
3.8
2,925
2,732
2,630
102
3.7
233
193
185
9
4.4
272
233
216
17
7.4
1,077
1,001
967
34
3.4
1,359
1,240
1,211
29
2.3
80
73
7
8.9
116
96
89
7
7.0
1993
1994
III
1993
251
230
221
9
4.0
13,095
12,088
11,564
524
4.3
13,643
12,456
12,051
406
3.3
1,621
1,317
1,208
109
8.3
1,739
1,412
1,327
84
6.0
1,471
1,314
1,208
107
8.1
1,623
1,416
1,319
97
6.8
87
82
80
2
2.2
5,794
5,470
5,245
225
4.1
6,365
5,972
5,800
172
2.9
724
615
570
45
7.3
806
700
656
44
6.4
670
619
579
40
6.5
768
697
656
40
5.8
126
119
112
8
6.3
III
1993
3,899
3,584
3,432
152
4.2
3,975
3,633
3,512
121
3.3
451
354
319
36
10.1
512
400
381
19
4.8
471
415
377
39
9.3
520
456
430
25
5.5
37
29
29
3,403
3,033
2,886
147
4.8
3,303
2,850
2,738
112
3.9
446
348
320
28
8.0
422
311
291
21
6.6
330
280
252
28
10.0
335
263
232
32
12.0
1994
Total, 40 to 54 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
40 to 44 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
45 to 49 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
50 to 54 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men who
have never served in the Armed Forces. Detail for the above race and
Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other
22
22
20
2
0
0
races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white
and black population groups. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with
data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in
the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994
issue of Employment and Earnings.
155
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error
Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports from
employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from the
Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of the
population 16 years of age and over. The survey is conducted
each month by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the
labor force, the employed, and the unemployed, classified
by such characteristics as age, sex, race, family relationship,
marital status, occupation, and industry attachment. The
survey also provides data on the characteristics and past
work experience of those not in the labor force. The
information is collected by trained interviewers from a
sample of about 60,000 households located in 729 sample
areas. These areas are chosen to represent all counties and
independent cities in the U.S., with coverage in 50 States and
the District of Columbia. The data collected are based on the
activity or status reported for the calendar week including
the 12th of the month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires and telephone interviews
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State
agencies. The Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey
is designed to provide industry information on nonfarm
wage and salary employment, average weekly hours,
average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for
the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The employment, hours, and earnings series are based on payroll reports
from a sample of over 390,000 establishments employing
over 47 million nonfarm wage and salary workers. The data
relate to all workers, full or part time, who receive pay
during the payroll period which includes the 12th of the
month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data complement one
another, each providing significant types of information that
the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics,
for example, are obtained only from the household survey,
whereas detailed industrial classifications are much more
reliably derived from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of variations in definitions and coverage, source of
information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which have a
differential effect on the levels and trends of the two data
series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics
and other private household workers), self-employed persons, and unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more
during the reference week in family-operated enterprises.
Employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and
salary employees on the payrolls of nonfarm establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without
duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons
holding more than one job are counted only once. In the
figures based on establishment reports, persons who worked
in more than one establishment during the reporting period
are counted each time their names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were not
at work during the reference week—that is, were not
working but had jobs from which they were temporarily
absent because of illness, vacation, bad weather, childcare
problems, labor-management disputes, or because they were
taking time off for various other reasons, even if they were
not paid by their employers for the time off. In the figures
based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the
company are included, but those on leave without pay for
the entire payroll period are not.
157
Hours of work
The household survey measures hours worked for all
workers whereas the payroll survey measures hours for private production and nonsupervisory workers paid for by employers. In the household survey, all persons with a job but
not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the
computations of average hours at work. In the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during
the reporting period.
Earnings
The household survey measures the earnings of wage and
salary workers in all occupations and industries in both the
private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings
received from the worker's sole or primary job. Data from
the establishment survey generally refer to average earnings
of production and related workers in mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries.
For a comprehensive discussion of the various earnings
series available from the household and establishment
surveys, see BLS Measures of Compensation, BLS Bulletin
2239 (1986).
COMPARABILITY OF HOUSEHOLD DATA WITH
OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from
the household survey includes all persons who did not have a
job during the reference week, were currently available for a
job, and were looking for work or were waiting to be called
back to a job from which they had been laid off, whether or
not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures
on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the
Employment and Training Administration of the U.S.
Department of Labor, exclude, in addition to otherwise
ineligible persons who do not file claims for benefits,
persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new
workers who have not earned rights to unemployment
insurance, and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems (some workers in agriculture,
domestic services, and religious organizations, and selfemployed and unpaid family workers).
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment
compensation differ from the definition of unemployment
used in the household survey. For example, persons with a
job but not at work and persons working only a few hours
during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment
compensation but are classified as employed rather than
unemployed in the household survey.
158
For an examination of the similarities and differences
between State insured unemployment and total unemployment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the
Monthly Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the U.S. Department
of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the
inclusion of persons under 16 in the National Agricultural
Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual jobholders, who are counted more than once if they work on more
than one farm during the reporting period. There are also
wide differences in sampling techniques and data collecting
and estimating methods, which cannot be readily measured
in terms of their impact on differences in the levels and
trends of the two series.
COMPARABILITY OF PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufacturers and business. Bureau of the
Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ
from employment counts derived by the Bureau of the
Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons for
noncomparability are different treatment of business units
considered parts of an establishment, such as central
administrative offices and auxiliary units; the industrial
classification of establishments; and different reporting
patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences
in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., the Census of
Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and
financial establishments, whereas these are included in the
BLS statistics.
County Business Patterns, Bureau of the Census. Data in
County Business Patterns (CBP) differ from BLS establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because
of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and most of government, and coverage is incomplete for some of the nonprofit
agencies.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance
programs. Most nonfarm wage and salary workers are
covered by the unemployment insurance programs. However, some employees, such as those working in parochial
schools and churches, are not covered by unemployment
insurance, whereas they are included in the BLS establishment statistics.
Household Data
("A" tables, monthly; "D" tables, quarterly)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population and
related data are compiled by BLS using data from the
Current Population Survey (CPS). This monthly survey of
households is conducted for BLS by the Bureau of the
Census through a scientifically selected sample designed to
represent the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents are interviewed to obtain information about the
employment status of each member of the household 16
years of age and over. The inquiry relates to activity or status
during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which
includes the 12th day of the month. This is known as the
"reference week." Actual field interviewing is conducted in
the following week, referred to as the "survey week."
Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for
interview. Some 2,600 of these households are contacted but
interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not at
home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other
reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey
that ranges between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the
60,000 occupied units, there are 11,500 sample units in an
average month which are visited but found to be vacant or
otherwise not eligible for enumeration. Part of the sample is
changed each month. The rotation plan, as explained later,
provides for three-fourths of the sample to be common from
one month to the next, and one-half to be common with the
same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data
have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the
inception of the survey in 1940; those in use as of January
1994 are as follows:
Civilian noninstitutional population. Included are persons
16 years of age and older residing in the 50 States and the
District of Columbia who are not inmates of institutions
(e.g., penal and mental facilities, homes for the aged), and
who are not on active duty in the Armed Forces.
Employed persons. All persons who, during the reference
week, (a) did any work at all (at least 1 hour) as paid
employees in their own business, profession, or on their own
farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in
an enterprise operated by a member of the family, and (b) all
those who were not working but who had jobs or businesses
from which they were temporarily absent because of
vacation, illness, bad weather, childcare problems, maternity or paternity leave, labor-management dispute, job
training, or other family or personal reasons, whether or not
they were paid for the time off or were seeking other jobs.
Each employed person is counted only once, even if he or
she holds more than one job. For purposes of occupation and
industry classification, multiple jobholders are counted in
the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours
during the reference week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign
countries who are temporarily in the United States but not
living on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons
whose only activity consisted of work around their own
house (painting, repairing, or own home housework)
or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and other
organizations.
Unemployed persons. All persons who had no employment
during the reference week, were available for work, except
for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find
employment some time during the 4-week period ending
with the reference week. Persons who were waiting to be
recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not
have been looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment. This represents the length of
time (through the current reference week) that persons classified as unemployed had been looking for work. For persons
on layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number
of full weeks they had been on layoff. Mean duration is the
arithmetic average computed from single weeks of unemployment; median duration is the midpoint of a distribution
of weeks of unemployment.
Reason for unemployment. Unemployment is also categorized according to the status of individuals at the time they
began to look for work. The reasons for unemployment are
divided into five major groups: (1) Job losers, comprised of
(a) persons on temporary layoff, who have been given a date
to return to work or who expect to return within 6 months
(persons on layoff need not be looking for work to qualify as
unemployed), and (b) permanent job losers, whose employment ended involuntarily and who began looking for work;
(2) Job leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated
their employment voluntarily and immediately began
looking for work; (3) Persons who completed temporary
jobs, who began looking for work after the jobs ended; (4)
Reentrants are persons who previously worked but were out
of the labor force prior to beginning their job search; (5) New
entrants are persons who never worked. Each of these five
categories of the unemployed can be expressed as a
proportion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the
four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian
workers. (For statistical presentation purposes, "job losers"
159
and "persons who completed temporary jobs" are combined
into a single category until seasonal adjustments can be
developed for the separate categories.)
Jobseekers. All unemployed persons who made specific
efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week period
preceding the survey week are classified as jobseekers.
Jobseekers do not include persons classified as on temporary
layoff, who although often looking for work, are not required
to do so to be classified as unemployed. Jobseekers are
grouped by the methods used to seek work. Only active
methods—which have the potential to result in a job offer
without further action on the part of the jobseeker—qualify
as job search. Examples include going to an employer
directly or to a public or private employment agency,
seeking assistance from friends or relatives, placing or
answering ads, or using some other active method. Examples of the "other" category include being on a union or
professional register, obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup
point. Passive methods, which do not qualify as job search,
include reading (as opposed to answering or placing) "help
wanted" ads and taking a job training course.
Labor force. This group comprises all persons classified as
employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria
described above.
Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate represents the
number unemployed as a percent of the labor force.
Participation rate. This represents the proportion of the
population that is in the labor force.
Employment-population ratio. This represents the proportion of the population that is employed.
Not in the labor force. Included in this group are all persons
in the civilian noninstitutional population who are neither
employed nor unemployed. Information is collected on their
desire for and availability to take a job at the time of the CPS
interview, job search activity in the prior year, and reason for
not looking in the 4-week period prior to the survey week.
This group includes discouraged workers, defined as
persons not in the labor force who want and are available for
a job and who have looked for work sometime in the past 12
months (or since the end of their last job if they held one
within the past 12 months), but are not currently looking,
because they believe there are no jobs available or there are
none for which they would qualify.
Persons classified as not in the labor force who are in the
sample for either their fourth or eighth month are asked
additional questions relating to job history and workseeking
intentions. These latter data are available on a quarterly
basis.
160
Occupation, industry, and class of worker. This information
for the employed applies to the job held in the reference
week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in the job
at which they worked the greatest number of hours. The
unemployed are classified according to their last job. The
occupational and industrial classification of CPS data is
based on the coding systems used in the 1990 census.
The class-of-worker breakdown assigns workers to the
following categories: Private and government wage and
salary workers, self-employed workers, and unpaid family
workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages, salary,
commissions, tips, or pay in kind from a private employer or
from a government unit. Self-employed persons are those
who work for profit or fees in their own business, profession,
trade, or farm. Only the unincorporated self-employed are
included in the self-employed category in the class of worker
typology. Self-employed persons who respond that their
businesses are incorporated are included among wage and
salary workers, because technically, they are paid employees of a corporation. Unpaid family workers are persons
working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm
or in a business operated by a member of the household to
whom they are related by birth or marriage.
Multiple jobholders. These are employed persons who,
during the reference week, had either two or more jobs as a
wage and salary worker, were self-employed and also held a
wage and salary job, or worked as an unpaid family worker
and also held a wage and salary job. A person employed only
in private households (cleaner, gardener, babysitter, etc.)
who worked for two or more employers during the reference
week is not counted as a multiple jobholder, since working
for several employers is considered an inherent characteristic of private household work. Also excluded are
self-employed persons with multiple businesses and persons
with multiple jobs as unpaid family workers.
Hours of work. These statistics relate to the actual number of
hours worked during the reference week. For example,
persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were off on
the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32
hours, even though they were paid for the holiday. For
persons working in more than one job, the published figures
relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs during the
week; all the hours are credited to the major job. Unpublished data are available for the hours worked in each job and
for usual hours.
At work part time for economic reasons. Sometimes referred
to as involuntary part time, this category refers to individuals
who gave an economic reason for working 1 to 34 hours
during the reference week. Economic reasons include slack
work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find
full-time work, and seasonal declines in demand. Those who
usually work part time must also indicate that they want and
are available to work full time to be classified as on part time
for economic reasons.
At work part time for noneconomic reasons. This group
includes those persons who usually work part time and were
at work 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for a
noneconomic reason. Noneconomic reasons include, for
example: Illness or other medical limitations, child-care
problems or other family or personal obligations, school or
training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings,
and being in a job where full-time work is less than 35 hours.
The group also includes those who gave an economic reason
for usually working 1 to 34 hours but said they do not want to
work full time or were unavailable for such work.
Usual full- or part-time status. Data on persons "at work"
exclude persons who were temporarily absent from a job and
therefore classified in the zero-hours-worked category,
"with a job but not at work." These are persons who were
absent from their jobs for the entire week for such reasons as
bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor
dispute. In order to differentiate a person's normal schedule
from their activity during the reference week, persons are
also classified according to their usual full- or part-time
status. In this context, full-time workers are those who
usually worked 35 hours or more (at all jobs combined). This
group will include some individuals who worked less than
35 hours in the reference week for either economic or
noneconomic reasons and those who are temporarily absent
from work. Similarly, part-time workers are those who
usually work less than 35 hours per week (at all jobs),
regardless of the number of hours worked in the reference
week. This may include some individuals who actually
worked more than 34 hours in the reference week, as well as
those who are temporarily absent from work. The full-time
laborforce includes all employed persons who usually work
full time and unemployed persons who are either looking for
full-time work or are on layoff from full-time jobs. The
part-time labor force consists of employed persons who
usually work part time and unemployed persons who are
seeking or are on layoff from part-time jobs. Unemployment
rates for full- and part-time workers are calculated using the
concepts of the full- and part-time labor force.
White, black, and other. These are terms used to describe the
race of persons. Included in the "other" group are American
Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders.
Because of the relatively small sample size, data for "other"
races are not published. In the enumeration process, race is
determined by the household respondent.
Hispanic origin. This refers to persons who identified
themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto
Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or of other
Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin may
be of any race; thus they are included in both the white and
black population groups.
Vietnam-era veterans. These are persons who served in the
Armed Forces of the United States between August 5,1964,
and May 7, 1975. Published data are limited to men in the
civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are persons
who never served in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings. Data represent earnings before taxes
and other deductions, and include any overtime pay,
commissions, or tips usually received (at the main job in the
case of multiple jobholders.) Earnings reported on a basis
other than weekly (e.g., annual, monthly, hourly) are
converted to weekly. The term "usual" is as perceived by the
respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual,
interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than
half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. Data
refer to wage and salary workers (excluding self-employed
persons who respond that their businesses were incorporated) who usually work full time on their sole or primary
job.
Median earnings. These figures indicate the value which
divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one
part having values above the median and the other having
values below the median. The medians as shown in this
publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the $50
centered interval within which each median falls. Data
expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer
Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status. These are the terms used to define the marital
status of individuals at the time of interview. Married,
spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were
living in the same household, even though one may be
temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a
hospital, etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are
married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married,
spouse absent relates to persons who are separated due to
marital problems, as well as husbands and wives who are
living apart because one or the other was employed
elsewhere, on duty with the Armed Forces, or any other
reasons.
Household. A household consists of all persons—related
family members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a
housing unit and have no other usual address. A house, an
apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room is regarded as
a housing unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as
separate living quarters. A householder is the person (or one
of the persons) in whose name the housing unit is owned or
rented. The term is never applied to either husbands or wives
in married-couple families but relates only to persons in
families maintained by either men or women without a
spouse.
161
Family. A family is defined as a group of two or more
persons residing together who are related by birth, marriage,
or adoption; all such persons are considered as members of
one family. Families are classified either as married-couple
families or as families maintained by women or men without
spouses. A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in
which the householder is either single, widowed, divorced,
or married, spouse absent. Data on the earnings of families
exclude all those in which there is no wage or salary earner or
in which the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the
family is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Changes in concepts and methods
While current survey concepts and methods are very
similar to those introduced at the inception of the survey in
1940, a number of changes have been made over the years to
improve the accuracy and usefulness of the data. Some of the
most important changes include:
• In 1945, the questionnaire was radically changed with
the introduction of four basic employment questions. Prior
to that time, the survey did not contain specific question
wording, but rather relied on a complicated scheme of
activity prioritization.
• In 1953, the current 4-8-4 rotation system was adopted,
whereby households are interviewed for 4 consecutive
months, leave the sample for 8 months, and then return to the
sample for the same 4 months of the following year. Before
this system was introduced, households were interviewed
for 6 consecutive months and then replaced. The new system
provided some year-to-year overlap in the sample, thereby
improving measurement over time.
• In 1955, the survey reference week was changed to the
calendar week including the 12th day of the month, for
greater consistency with the reference period used for other
labor-related statistics. Previously, the calendar week containing the 8th day of the month had been used as the
reference week.
• In 1957, the employment definition was modified
slightly as a result of a comprehensive interagency review of
labor force concepts and methods. Two relatively small
groups of persons classified as employed, under "with a job
but not at work," were assigned to different classifications.
Persons on layoff with definite instructions to return to work
within 30 days of the layoff date, and persons volunteering
that they were waiting to start a new wage and salary job
within 30 days of interview, were, for the most part,
reassigned to the unemployed classification. The only
exception was the small subgroup in school during the
162
reference week but waiting to start new jobs, which was
transferred to not in the labor force.
• In 1967, more substantive changes were made as a result
of the recommendations of the President's Committee to
Appraise Employment and Unemployment Statistics (the
Gordon Committee). The principal improvements were as
follows:
a) A 4-week job-search period and specific questions on
jobseeking activity were introduced. Previously, the questionnaire was ambiguous as to the time period for jobseeking
and there were no specific questions concerning job-search
methods.
b) An availability test was introduced whereby a person
must be currently available for work in order to be classified
as unemployed. Previously, there was no such requirement.
This revision to the concept mainly affected students, who,
for example, may begin to look for summer jobs in the spring
although they will not be available until June or July. Such
persons, until 1967, had been classified as unemployed but
since have been assigned to the "not in the labor force"
category.
c) Persons "with a job but not at work" because of strikes,
bad weather, etc., who volunteered that they were looking
for work, were shifted from unemployed status to employed.
d) The lower age limit for official statistics on employment, unemployment, and other labor force concepts was
raised from 14 to 16 years. Historical data for most major
series have been revised to provide consistent information
based on the new minimum age limit.
e) New questions were added to obtain additional information on persons not in the labor force, including those
referred to as "discouraged workers," defined as persons
who indicate that they want a job but are not currently
looking because they believe there are no jobs available or
none for which they would qualify.
f) New "probing" questions were added to the questionnaire in order to increase the reliability of information on
hours of work, duration of unemployment, and self-employment.
• In 1994, major changes to the Current Population
Survey (CPS) were introduced, which included a complete
redesign of the questionnaire and the use of computer-assisted interviewing for the entire survey. In addition, there
were revisions to some of the labor force concepts and
definitions, including the implementation of some changes
recommended in 1979 by the National Commission on
Employment and Unemployment Statistics (NCEUS, also
known as the Levitan Commission.) Some of the major
changes to the survey were:
a) The introduction of a redesigned and automated
questionnaire. The CPS questionnaire was totally redesigned in order to obtain more accurate, comprehensive, and
relevant information, and to take advantage of state-of-theart computer interviewing techniques.
b) The addition of two, more objective, criteria to the
definition of discouraged workers. Prior to 1994, to be
classified as a discouraged worker, a person must have
wanted a job and be reported as not currently looking
because of a belief that no jobs were available or that there
were none for which he or she would qualify. Beginning in
1994, persons classified as discouraged must also have
looked for a job within the past year (or since their last job, if
they worked during the year), and must have been available
for work during the reference week (a direct question on
availability was added in 1994; prior to 1994, availability
had been inferred from responses to other questions.) These
changes were made because the NCEUS and others felt that
the previous definition of discouraged workers was too
subjective, relying mainly on an individual's stated desire
for a job and not on prior testing of the labor market.
c) Similarly, the identification of persons employed part
time for economic reasons (working less than 35 hours in the
reference week because of poor business conditions or
because of an inability to find full-time work) was tightened
by adding two new criteria for persons who usually work part
time: They must want and be available for full-time work.
Previously, such information was inferred. (Persons who
usually work full time but worked part time for an economic
reason during the reference week are assumed to meet these
criteria.)
d) Specific questions were added about the expectation of
recall for persons who indicate that they are on layoff. To be
classified as "on temporary layoff," persons must expect to
be recalled to their jobs. Previously, the questionnaire did
not include explicit questions about the expectation of
recall.
e) Persons volunteering that they were waiting to start a
new job within 30 days must have looked for work in the 4
weeks prior to the survey in order to be classified as
unemployed. Previously, such persons did not have to meet
the job-search requirement in order to be included among
the unemployed.
For additional information on changes in CPS concepts
and methods, see Concepts and Methods Used in Labor
Force Statistics Derived from the Current Population
Survey, BLS Report 463, October 1976 and "Overhauling
the Current Population Survey—Why is it Necessary to
Change?," "Redesigning the Questionnaire," and "Evaluating Changes in the Estimates," Monthly Labor Review,
September 1993, and "Revisions in the Current Population
Survey Effective January 1994," in the February 1994 issue
of this publication.
Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the refinements in concepts, definitions, and
methods made over the years, other changes have also
affected the comparability of the labor force data.
• Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from
the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population
levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total
employment, and agricultural employment were increased
by about 350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals
and men; other categories were relatively unaffected.
• Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii
resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population
and about 300,000 in the labor force. Four-fifths of this
increase was in nonagricultural employment; other labor
force categories were not appreciably affected.
• Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the
1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and
labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually unchanged.
• Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census
was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing
the population by about 800,000; labor force and employment totals were raised by a little more than 300,000;
unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged.
• In March 1973, a subsequent population adjustment
based on the 1970 census was introduced. This adjustment,
which affected the white and black-and-other groups but had
little effect on totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly
300,000 in the white population and an increase of the same
magnitude in the black-and-other population. Civilian labor
force and total employment figures were affected to a lesser
degree; the white labor force was reduced by 150,000, and
the black-and-other labor force rose by about 210,000.
Unemployment levels and rates were not significantly
affected.
• Beginning in January 1974, the method used to prepare
independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to an "inflation-deflation" approach.
This change in the derivation of the estimates had its greatest
impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year old men—particularly
those of the black-and-other population—but had little
effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and over.
Additional information on the adjustment procedure appears
in "CPS Population Controls Derived from Inflation-Deflation Method of Estimation," in the February 1974 issue of
this publication.
• Effective in July 1975, as a result of the large inflow of
Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and
163
black-and-other independent population controls for persons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by
76,000—(30,000 men and 46,000 women.) The addition of
the refugees increased the black-and-other population by
less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, with all of the
changes being confined to the "other" component of the
population.
• Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an
expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation
procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the
civilian labor force and employment totals; unemployment
levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation
of the procedural changes and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
in January 1978" in the February 1978 issue of this
publication.
• Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual
was determined by the household respondent for the
incoming rotation group households, rather than by the
interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to
provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race.
Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample households
had race determined by the household respondent and
seven-eighths of the sample households had race determined
by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980
that the entire sample had race determined by the household
respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on
the estimates.
• Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio adjustment method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure.
Differences between the old and new procedures existed
only for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates,
not for the total United States. The reasoning behind the
change and an indication of the differences appear in
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January
1979" in the February 1979 issue of this publication.
• Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio
adjustment method was changed. The purpose of the change
and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the
February 1982 issue of this publication. In addition, current
population estimates used in the second-stage estimation
procedure were derived from information obtained from the
1980 census, rather than the 1970 census. This change
caused substantial increases in the total population and in the
estimates of persons in all labor force categories. Rates for
labor force characteristics, however, remained virtually
unchanged. Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted
back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment
procedure used is also described in the February 1982 article
cited above. The revisions did not, however, smooth out the
breaks in series occurring between 1972 and 1979 (de164
scribed above), and data users should consider them when
comparing estimates from different periods.
• Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment method was updated to incorporate data from the 1980
census. The purpose of the change and an indication of its
effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics
appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of
this publication. There were only slight differences between
the old and new procedures in estimates of levels for the
various labor force characteristics and virtually no differences in estimates of participation rates.
• Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the CPS
estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the
first-and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite
estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in
the Estimating Methods section. A description of the
changes and an indication of their effect on national
estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Changes
in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population
Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the February 1985
issue of this publication. Overall, the revisions had only a
slight effect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on
estimates of persons of Hispanic origin. Major estimates
were revised back to January 1980.
• Beginning in January 1986, the population controls
used in the second-stage ratio adjustment method were
revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of
undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980
and an improved estimate of the number of emigrants among
legal foreign-born residents for the same time period. As a
result, the total civilian population and labor force estimates
were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian employment was
increased by about 350,000. The Hispanic-origin population
and labor force estimates were raised by about 425,000 and
305,000, respectively, and Hispanic employment by
270,000. Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and
rates were not significantly affected. Because of the
magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data were
revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An
explanation of the changes and their effect on estimates of
labor force characteristics appear in "Changes in the
Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of
this publication.
• Beginning in August 1989, the second-stage ratio
estimate cells were changed slightly to decrease the chance
of very small cells occurring and to be more consistent with
published age, sex, race cells. This change had virtually no
effect on national estimates.
• Beginning in January 1994, population estimates used
in the second-stage estimation procedure were based on
information obtained from the 1990 census (adjusted for the
undercount as measured by the Census Bureau's Post
Enumeration Survey). This change resulted in substantial
increases in total population and in all major labor force
categories. Under the new population controls, the civilian
noninstitutional population increased by about 1.3 million,
with much of the increase occurring among Hispanics.
Estimates of employment were raised by about 950,000, and
unemployment by approximately 200,000. In addition, the
overall unemployment rate rose by about 0.1 percentage
point, largely reflecting the increase in the Hispanic share of
the population, which has a higher-than-average incidence
of unemployment. For further information, see "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994,"
in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
Additionally, for the period January through May 1994,
the composite estimation procedure was suspended due to
technical and logistical reasons.
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational
employment data was affected as a result of changes in the
occupational classification system for the 1970 census that
were introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further
affected in December 1971, when a question relating to
major activity or duties was added to the monthly CPS
questionnaire in order to determine more precisely the
occupational classification of individuals. As a result of
these changes, meaningful comparisons of occupational
employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and
prior years nor between those 2 years. Unemployment rates
were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of
the changes in the occupational classification system, see
"Revisions in Occupational Classifications for 1971" and
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey" in the
February 1971 and February 1972 issues, respectively, of
this publication.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census were
introduced into the CPS. The 1980 census occupational classification system evolved from the Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system and was so radically different
in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that
comparisons of historical data are not possible without major adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales
occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category
"sales workers." Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in
retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980
census was based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, as modified in 1977. The adoption of the
new system had much less of an adverse effect on historical
comparability than did the new occupational system. The
most notable changes from the 1970 system were the
transfer of farm equipment stores from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal service from "public administration" to
"transportation," and some interchange between "professional and related services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational and
industrial classification systems appears in "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in
the February 1983 issue of this publication.
Beginning in January 1992, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1990 census were
introduced into the CPS. (These systems were largely based
on the 1980 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)
and 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) systems,
respectively.) There were a few breaks in comparability
between the 1980 and 1990 census-based systems, particularly within the "technical, sales, and administrative support" categories. The most notable changes in industry
classification were the shift of several industries from
"business services" to "professional services" and the
splitting of some industries into smaller, more detailed
categories. A number of industry titles were changed as well,
with no change in content.
Sampling
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various
changes in the design of the CPS sample. The sample is
traditionally redesigned and a new sample selected after
each decennial census. Also, the number of sample areas and
the number of sample persons are changed occasionally.
Most of these changes are made in order to improve the
efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the
reliability of the sample estimates. When Alaska and Hawaii
received statehood, three sample areas were added to the
existing sample to account for the population of these States.
In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing
units, selected in 24 States and the District of Columbia, was
designed to provide more reliable annual average estimates
for States. In October 1978, a coverage improvement sample
of approximately 450 sample household units representing
237,000 occupied mobile homes and 600,000 new construction housing units was added. In January 1980, another
supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected in 32
States and the District of Columbia was added. A sample
reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May
1981. In January 1982, the sample was expanded by 100
households to provide additional coverage in counties added
to Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSA's), which
were redefined in 1973. In January 1985, a new State-based
CPS sample was selected based on 1980 census information.
A sample reduction of about 4,000 households was implemented in April 1988; they were reinstated during the
8-month period, April-November 1989. A redesigned CPS
sample based on the 1990 decennial census has been
selected for use during the 1990's. Households from this new
sample will be phased in during the April 1994 through July
1995 period. For further information, see "Redesign of the
165
Sample for the Current Population Survey" in the May 1994
issue of this publication.
The 1980 census-based sample design includes about
72,000 housing units per month located in 729 selected
geographic areas called primary sampling units (PSU's).
The sample was initially selected so that specific reliability
criteria were met nationally, for each of the 50 States, for the
District of Columbia, and for the sub-State areas of New
York City and the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan
area. Since 1985, these reliability criteria have been
maintained through periodic additions and deletions in the
State samples. The criteria, given below, are based on the
coefficient of variation (CV) of the unemployment rate,
where the CV is defined as the standard error of the estimate
divided by the estimate, expressed as a percentage. These
CV controls assume a 6-percent unemployment rate to
establish a consistent specification of sampling error.
Nationally, a 1.8-percent CV is maintained on the
monthly unemployment rate estimate. This means that a
change of 0.2 percentage point in the unemployment rate is
significant at a 90-percent confidence level.
In 11 States—California, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts,
Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, and Texas—the most populous States at the
time of the 1980 decennial census, an 8-percent CV is
maintained on the monthly unemployment rate estimates. In
the other 39 States and the District of Columbia, an
8-percent CV is maintained on the annual unemployment
rate estimate. In New York City and the Los Angeles-Long
Beach metropolitan area, a 9-percent CV is maintained on
the monthly unemployment rate estimates.
In the first stage of sampling, the 729 sample areas are
chosen. In the second stage, ultimate sampling unit clusters
composed of about four housing units each are selected.
Each month, about 72,000 housing units are assigned for
data collection, of which about 60,000 are occupied and thus
eligible for interview. The remainder are units found to be
destroyed, vacant, converted to nonresidential use, containing persons whose usual place of residence is elsewhere, or
ineligible for other reasons. Of the 60,000 housing units, 4 to
5 percent are not interviewed in a given month due to
temporary absence (vacation, etc.), other failures to make
contact after repeated attempts, inability of persons contacted to respond, unavailability for other reasons, and
refusals to cooperate (about half of the noninterviews).
Information is obtained each month for about 113,000
persons 16 years of age and older.
Selection of sample areas. The entire area of the United
States, consisting of 3,137 counties and independent cities,
is divided into 1,973 sample units (PSU's). In most States, a
PSU consists of a county or a number of contiguous counties.
In New England and Hawaii, minor civil divisions are used
instead of counties.
Metropolitan areas within a State are used as a basis for
forming PSU's. Outside of metropolitan areas, counties
166
normally are combined, except where the geographic area of
the sample county is very large. Combining counties to
form PSU's provides greater heterogeneity; a typical PSU
includes urban and rural residents of both high and low
economic levels and encompasses, to the extent feasible,
diverse occupations and industries. Another important
consideration is to have the PSU sufficiently compact so
that, with a small sample spread throughout, it can be
efficiently canvassed without undue travel cost.
The 1,973 PSU's are grouped into strata within each State.
Then one PSU is selected from each stratum with the
probability of selection proportional to the population of the
PSU. There are 314 PSU's in strata by themselves that are
self-representing, and generally these are the most populated PSU's in each State. The remaining strata are formed
by combining PSU's that are similar in such characteristics
as population growth; proportions of blacks and of Hispanics
(in certain States); and population distribution by occupation, industry, age, and sex. The PSU's, randomly selected
from these strata, are non-self-representing, because each
one chosen represents the entire stratum. The probability of
selecting a particular PSU in a non-self-representing stratum
is proportional to its 1980 population. For example, within a
stratum, the chance that a PSU with a population of 50,000
would be selected for the sample is twice that for a PSU
having a population of 25,000.
Selection of sample households. Because the sample design
is State based, the sampling ratio differs by State and
depends on the reliability requirements for estimates for
each State. The State sampling ratios range roughly from 1
in every 200 households to 1 in every 2,500 households in
each stratum of the State. The sampling ratio occasionally is
modified slightly to hold the size of the sample relatively
constant given the overall growth of the population. The
sampling ratio used within a sample PSU depends on the
probability of selection of the PSU and the sampling ratio for
the State. In a sample PSU with a probability of selection of 1
in 10 with a State sampling ratio of 1 in 2,500, the
within-PSU sampling ratio that results is 1 in 250, thereby
achieving the desired ratio of 1 in 2,500 for the stratum.
Within each designated PSU, several steps are involved in
selecting the housing units to be enumerated. First, the 1980
census enumeration districts (ED's), which are administrative units and contain on the average about 300 housing
units, are ordered so that the sample would reflect the
demographic and residential characteristics of the PSU.
Within each ED, the housing units are sorted geographically
and are grouped into clusters of approximately four housing
units. Next, a systematic sample of these clusters of housing
units is selected.
The identification of the sample housing units within an
ED is made wherever possible from the list of ED addresses
compiled during the 1980 census. The address lists are used
in about three-fourths of the ED's, primarily in urban areas.
Area sampling is applied in the remaining ED's, mostly in
rural areas. In ED's where address lists are used, automated
methods are used to form clusters of geographically
contiguous housing units. An effort is made to have all small,
multi-unit addresses (two to four housing units) included in
the same cluster. The methods use the within-PSU sampling
ratio to identify appropriate clusters for the sample.
Supplemental samples are also prepared to account for
addresses in isolated geographic areas and to account for
housing units not found on the address lists, including
housing units newly constructed in the PSU since the census
date. The addresses of these units are obtained mainly from
records of building permits.
In those ED's where area sampling methods are used,
mainly rural areas, the ED's are subdivided into small land
"chunks" with well-defined boundaries and having, in
general, an expected "size" of about 8 to 12 housing units
or other living quarters. For each subdivided ED, one chunk
(or more) is designated for the sample. When a selected
chunk contains about four households, for example, all units
are included in the sample. When the size of the chunk is
several times four units, an interviewer does not conduct
interviews at all housing units in the chunk but uses a
systematic sampling pattern to obtain approximately four
households. The remaining housing units in the chunk are
then available for further samples. Area ED's also make use
of building permit lists to identify newly constructed
housing units.
Rotation of sample. Part of the sample is changed each
month. For each sample, eight representative subsamples or
rotation groups are identified. A given rotation group is
interviewed for a total of 8 months, divided into two equal
periods. It is in the sample for 4 consecutive months, leaves
the sample during the following 8 months, and then returns
for another 4 consecutive months. In any 1 month,
one-eighth of the rotation groups are in their first month of
enumeration, another eighth is in their second month, and so
on. Under this system, 75 percent of the sample segments are
common from month to month and 50 percent from year to
year for the same month. This procedure provides a
substantial amount of month-to-month and year-to-year
overlap in the sample, thus providing better estimates of
change and reducing discontinuities in the series of data
without burdening any specific group of households with an
unduly long period of inquiry.
Table 1-A provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use since 1947. A more detailed account of the history of the CPS sample design appears in the
Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or Concepts and
Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the
Current Population Survey, Report 463, Bureau of Labor Statistics. A description of the 1980 census-based sample appears in "Redesign of the Sample for the Current Population
Survey," in the May 1984 issue of this publication.
Table 1-A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to present
Households eligible
Time period
Number of sample
areas
Households visited
but not eligible
Interviewed
Aug.
Feb.
May
Jan.
Mar.
Jan.
Aug.
Aug.
Jan.
Jan.
May
Jan.
Apr.
Nov.
1947
1954
1956
1960
1963
1967
1971
1972
1978
1980
1981
1985
1988
1989
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
Jan. 1954
Apr. 1956
Dec. 1959
Feb. 1963
Dec. 1966
July 1971
July 1972
Dec. 1977
Dec. 1979
Apr. 1981
Dec. 1984
Mar. 1988
Mar. 1989
present 3
68
230
1
330
2
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
729
729
1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in
each State and the District of Columbia.
2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and Hawaii
after statehood.
Not interviewed
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000
53,200
57,400
500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
2,600
2,600
3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000
11,500
11,800
3
The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month period,
April-November 1989.
167
ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously
and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data
from each sample person by the inverse of the probability of
the person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure
of the number of actual persons that the sample person represents. Since 1985, almost all sample persons within the same
State have the same probability of selection. Exceptions include sample persons in New York and California, where
households in New York City and Los Angeles are selected
with higher probability. Selection probabilities may also differ for some sample areas due to field subsampling, which is
carried out when areas selected for the sample are found to
contain many more households than expected. Through a series of estimation steps (outlined below), the selection probabilities are adjusted for noninterviews and survey undercoverage; data from previous months are incorporated into
the estimates through the composite estimation procedure.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for
occupied sample households for which no information was
obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or
unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This
noninterview adjustment is made separately for clusters of
similar sample areas that are usually, but not necessarily,
contained within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based
on Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size.
Within each cluster, there is a further breakdown by
residence. Each MSA cluster is split by "central city" and
"balance of the MSA." Each non-MSA cluster is split by
"urban" and "rural" residence categories. The proportion of
sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5
percent, depending on weather, vacation, etc.
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population
selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance,
from that of the population as a whole in such characteristics
as age, race, sex, and State of residence. Because these
characteristics are closely correlated with labor force
participation and other principal measurements made from
the sample, the survey estimates can be substantially
improved when weighted appropriately by the known
distribution of these population characteristics. This is
accomplished through two stages of ratio adjustment, as
follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimation. The purpose of the
first-stage ratio adjustment is to reduce the contribution to
variance that results from selecting a sample of PSU's rather
than drawing sample households from every PSU in the
Nation. This adjustment is made to the CPS weights in two
race cells: Black and nonblack; it is applied only to PSU's
that are not self-representing and for those States that have a
168
substantial number of black households. The procedure
corrects for differences that existed in each State cell at the
time of the 1980 census between 1) the race distribution of
the population in sample PSU's and 2) the race distribution
of all PSU's (both 1 and 2 exclude self-representing PSU's.)
b. Second-stage ratio estimation. This procedure substantially reduces the variability of estimates and corrects, to
some extent, for CPS undercoverage. The CPS sample
weights are adjusted to ensure that sample-based estimates
of population match independent population controls. Three
sets of controls are used:
1) 51 State controls of the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years of age and older
2) National civilian noninstitutional population controls for 14 Hispanic and 5 non-Hispanic age-sex
categories
3) National civilian noninstitutional population controls for 66 white, 42 black, and 10 "other" age-sex
categories
The independent population controls are prepared by
projecting forward the resident population as enumerated on
April 1, 1990. The projections are derived by updating
demographic census data with information from a variety
of other data sources that account for births, deaths, and net
migration. Estimated numbers of resident Armed
Forces personnel and institutionalized persons reduce the
resident population to the civilian noninstitutional population. Estimates of net census undercount, determined from
the Post Enumeration Survey, are added to the population
projections. Prior to January 1994, the projections were
based on earlier censuses, and there was no correction for
census undercount. A summary of the current procedures
used to make population projections is given in "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994,"
appearing in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
3. Composite estimation procedure. The last step in the preparation of most CPS estimates makes use of a composite estimation procedure. The composite estimate consists of a
weighted average of two factors: The two-stage ratio estimate based on the entire sample from the current month and
the composite estimate for the previous month, plus an estimate of the month-to-month change based on the six rotation
groups common to both months. In addition, a bias adjustment term is added to the weighted average to account for
relative bias associated with month-in-sample estimates.
This month-in-sample bias is exhibited by unemployment
estimates for persons in their first and fifth months in the
CPS being generally higher than estimates obtained for the
other months.
The composite estimate results in a reduction in the
sampling error beyond that which is achieved after the two
stages of ratio adjustment. For some items, the reduction is
substantial. The resultant gains in reliability are greatest in
estimates of month-to-month change, although gains are
also usually obtained for estimates of level in a given month,
change from year to year, and change over other intervals of
time.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the
totals shown in the same tables because of independent
rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand.
Similarly, sums of percent distributions may not always
equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based
on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The
standard errors provided indicate primarily the magnitude of
the sampling error. They also incorporate the effect of some
nonsampling errors in response and enumeration but do not
account for any systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to
quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS, as
discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be
small on estimates of relative change, such as month-tomonth change. Estimates of monthly levels would be more
severely affected by the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many
sources, e.g., the inability to obtain information about all
persons in the sample; differences in the interpretation of
questions; inability or unwillingness of respondents to
provide correct information; inability to recall information;
errors made in collecting and processing the data; errors
made in estimating values for missing data; and failure to
represent all sample households and all persons within
sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of
the survey are studied by means of a reinterview program.
This program is used to estimate various sources of error as
well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers.
A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected
through reinterview at regular intervals. The results indicate, among other things, that the data published from the
CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS reinterview program and some of the other
results may be found in the Current Population Survey
Reinterview Program, January 1961 through December
1966, Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan
used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies by
rotation group. A description of these effects appears in "The
Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From Panel
Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American
Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. The
CPS covers about 94 percent of the decennial census
population. It is known that the CPS undercoverage varies
with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally, undercoverage is larger for men than for women and larger for
blacks, Hispanics, and other races than for whites. Ratio
adjustment to independent age-sex-race-origin population
controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the
biases due to survey undercoverage. However, biases exist
in the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed
households or missed persons in interviewed households
have different characteristics than interviewed persons in
the same age-sex-race-origin group.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS
appears in An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by
the Current Population Survey, by Camilla Brooks and
Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S.
Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical
Policy and Standards; in "The Current Population Survey:
An Overview," by Marvin Thompson and Gary Shapiro,
Annals of Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April
1973; and in The Current Population Survey, Design and
Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the
Census, U.S. Department of Commerce. This last document
includes a comprehensive discussion of various sources of
errors and describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. When a sample rather than the entire
population is surveyed, estimates differ from the true
population values that they represent. This difference, or
sampling error, occurs by chance, and its variability is
measured by the standard error of the estimate. Sample
estimates from a given survey design are unbiased when an
average of the estimates from all possible samples would
yield, hypothetically, the true population value. In this case,
the sample estimate and its standard error can be used to
construct approximate confidence intervals, or ranges of
values, that include the true population value with known
probabilities. If the process of selecting a sample from the
population were repeated many times and an estimate and its
standard error calculated for each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error
above the estimate would include the true population value.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors
above the estimate would include the true population value.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from two
standard errors below the estimate to two standard errors
above the estimate would include the true population value.
Although the estimating methods used in the CPS do not
produce unbiased estimates, biases for most estimates are
169
believed to be small enough so that these confidence interval
statements are approximately true.
Since it would be too costly to develop standard errors for
all CPS estimates, generalized variance function techniques
are used to calculate sets of standard errors for various types
of labor force characteristics. It is important to keep in mind
that standard errors computed from these methods reflect
contributions from sampling errors and some kinds of
nonsampling errors and indicate the general magnitude of an
estimate's standard error rather than its precise value.
The generalized variance functions and standard errors
provided here are based on the sample design and estimation
procedures as of 1987 and have been adjusted to reflect the
population levels and sample size as of 1993 as well as the
use of new population controls based on the 1990 census. For
years prior to 1967, the standard errors obtained must be
further adjusted to reflect the CPS sample size in effect at
that time. For years prior to 1956, standard errors should be
multiplied by 1.5; for the years 1956 through 1966, standard
errors should be multiplied by 1.22.
Tables 1-B through 1-H are provided so that approximate
standard errors of estimates can be easily obtained. These
tables are briefly summarized here; details illustrating the
proper use of each table follow.
Tables 1-B and 1-C show standard errors for estimated
monthly levels and rates for selected employment status
characteristics; these tables also provide standard errors for
consecutive month-to-month changes in the estimates.
These standard errors are based on levels of recent estimates
and can be determined directly by finding the characteristic
of interest.
Tables 1-D and 1-E show standard errors for monthly
levels and consecutive monthly changes in levels for general
employment status characteristics. The standard errors are
calculated using linear interpolation based on the size of the
monthly estimates.
Tables 1-F and 1-G give parameters that can be used
with formulas to calculate a standard error on nearly
any specified level, unemployment rate, percentage, or
consecutive month-to-month change. For monthly levels
and consecutive month-to-month changes in levels, tables
1-F and 1-G are preferred to tables 1-D and 1-E, since
the formulas provide more accurate results than linear
interpolation.
Table 1-H presents factors used to convert standard errors
of monthly levels and rates determined from tables 1-B, 1-C,
1-D, and 1-F to standard errors pertaining to quarterly and
yearly averages, consecutive year-to-year changes of
monthly estimates, and changes in quarterly and yearly
averages.
The standard errors for estimated changes from 1 month
to the next, 1 year to the next, etc., depend more on the
monthly levels for characteristics than on the size of the
changes. Accordingly, tables 1-E, 1-G, and 1-H use monthly
levels (not the magnitude of the changes) for approximating
170
Table 1-B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(In thousands)
Category
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Monthly
level
Consecutivemonth change
275
295
146
204
224
160
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
179
194
103
152
164
118
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
204
209
90
155
160
105
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
89
87
58
88
86
75
127
129
66
94
98
75
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
72
76
45
63
67
53
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
90
89
43
68
68
50
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
36
31
28
38
32
33
Hispanic origin, 16 years and
over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
121
123
58
85
100
68
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
standard errors of change. Standard errors for estimated
change between nonconsecutive months are not provided
(except for year-to-year change); however, these may be assumed to be higher than the standard errors for consecutive
monthly change.
Use of tables 1-B and 1-C. These tables provide a quick reference for standard errors of major characteristics. Table 1-B
gives approximate standard errors for estimates of monthly
levels and consecutive month-to-month changes in levels
for major employment status categories. Table 1-C gives
approximate standard errors for estimates of monthly unemployment rates and consecutive month-to-month changes in
unemployment rates for some demographic, industrial, and
occupational categories. For characteristics not given in
tables 1-B and 1-C, refer to either tables 1-D and 1-E or
tables 1-F and 1-G.
Illustration, Suppose that for a given month the number of
women 20 years and over in the civilian labor force is estimated to be 54,000,000. For this characteristic, the approxi-
Table 1-C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by
major characteristics
Characteristic
Monthly
level
Consecutivemonth change
Total, 16 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White workers
Black workers
Hispanic-origin workers
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present .
Women who maintain families
0.11
.16
.15
.16
.16
.76
.12
.47
.53
.16
.19
.54
0.13
.19
.18
.19
.19
1.00
.14
.55
.63
.19
.22
.65
.23
.19
.27
.23
.48
.31
.57
.37
.25
1.27
.72
.30
1.51
.86
.36
.43
.36
.43
.52
.62
.57
.68
.74
.73
.88
.87
1-G can be used. Standard errors for intermediate values not
shown in the tables may be approximated by linear interpolation. For table 1-E, which applies to estimates of consecutive month-to-month change, the average of the two
monthly levels (not the change) is used to select the appropriate row in the table.
Occupation
Executive, administrative, and
managerial
Professional specialty
Technicians and related
support
Sales
Administrative support,
including clerical
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private
household and protective
service
Precision production, craft, and
repair
Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors
Transportation and material
moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners,
helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Industry
Nonagricultural private wag
and salary workers
Goods-producing industries . . .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing
industries
Transportation, communications, and public utilities .
Wholesale and retail trade . . .
Finance and services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary
workers
.13
.28
1.57
.73
.29
.38
.45
.16
.33
1.87
.87
.34
.45
.53
.15
.18
.43
27
.19
.21
.51
.33
.23
.25
1.19
1.42
mate standard error of 204,000 is given in table 1-B in the
row, "total, women 20 years and over: Civilian labor force."
A 90-percent confidence interval as shown by these data,
would then be the interval from 53,674,000 to 54,326,000.
Concluding that the true labor force level lies within this interval would be correct for roughly 90 percent of all possible
samples.
Use of tables 1-D and 1-E. From these tables, approximate
standard errors can be calculated for estimates of monthly
levels and month-to-month changes in levels for major labor
force characteristics by race and Hispanic origin. For major
categories not shown, such as male or female, tables 1-F and
Illustration. Assume that between 2 consecutive months the
estimated number of employed persons changed from
115,600,000 to 116,700,000, an apparent increase of
1,100,000. The approximate standard error on this monthto-month change estimate is based on the average level of
the estimate for the 2 months, 116,150,000. Using the table
1-E column titled "labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural employment, total," it is necessary to
find the standard errors corresponding to the two monthly
level entries between which the value 116,150,000 lies. The
standard error corresponding to 100,000,000 is given as
252,000, and the standard error corresponding to
120,000,000 is given as 223,000. Use linear interpolation to
find the approximate standard error on month-to-month
change corresponding to the level 116,150,000; one method
of calculation is given below.
/120,000,000-116,150,000 \
223,000+1
I (252,000-223,000) =229,000
\120,000,000-100,000,000 /
Thus, a 90-percent confidence interval for the true monthto-month change would be approximately the interval from
734,000 to 1,466,000.
Use of tables 1-F and 1-G. These tables can be used to find
approximate standard errors for a wide range of estimated
monthly levels, proportions, rates, and estimates of consecutive monthly change. Instead of displaying standard errors,
these tables provide parameters to be used with the formulas
given below that allow the user to calculate standard errors.
Table 1-G, which applies to estimates of consecutive
monthly change, lists parameters for some characteristics
classified by a measure of correlation between monthly estimates. Estimates of the number of persons employed full
time, for example, change relatively little from 1 month to
the next, and the two monthly estimates are said to be highly
correlated. Consecutive monthly estimates of part-time employment, by contrast, have low correlation, because these
estimates are relatively volatile.
Major characteristics for which consecutive monthly estimates are known to have high or low correlation are indicated in table 1-G. Not all categories in table 1-G, however,
are broken down into low or high correlation characteristics.
When high or low correlation is not specified in table 1-G,
the parameters in this table should be selected from the rows
labeled "most characteristics" or from rows not specifying
correlation.
171
Table 1-D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly levels
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Agricultural
employment
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment
Unemployment
Estimated
monthly level
Hispanic origin
Total or
white
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
Black
12
17
39
58
90
147
202
256
310
12
17
37
51
71
Total or
white
Black
11
16
36
51
71
100
122
140
155
187
213
12
17
36
51
69
89
98
99
92
Hispanic
origin
Total
12
18
39
55
77
105
11
16
36
51
72
101
123
141
156
188
214
253
281
301
316
324
328
321
294
238
White
Black
Employed
11
16
36
51
72
101
122
140
156
187
212
249
275
293
304
308
307
287
238
12
17
37
51
71
96
111
121
127
125
98
13
18
41
57
78
103
116
122
122
89
Civilian labor
force or not
in labor force
13
18
41
57
78
103
116
122
122
89
Table 1-E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change in levels
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Agricultural
employment
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment
Unemployment
Estimated
monthly level
Hispanic origin
Total or
white
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
172
Black
13
18
40
55
73
88
86
65
11
16
35
49
67
Total or
white
Black
14
19
42
60
84
115
138
155
168
190
200
14
19
43
59
78
96
97
81
Hispanic
origin
15
21
46
65
89
118
Total
White
Black
Employed
9
13
29
42
59
82
100
115
128
154
174
206
228
244
254
260
262
252
223
164
9
13
29
42
59
82
100
115
128
154
174
206
228
244
254
260
262
252
223
164
10
14
30
42
58
78
90
96
99
90
43
11
16
34
48
65
86
96
100
98
60
Civilian labor
force or not
in labor force
9
13
29
40
55
72
82
86
86
62
Standard errors of estimated levels. The approximate
standard error, s x , of an estimated monthly level, x, can be
obtained using the formula below, where a and b are the parameters from table 1-F associated with the particular characteristic. The same formula can be used to approximate the
standard error of an estimated month-to-month change in
level; simply average the levels for the 2 consecutive months
and use the parameters from table 1-G.
ax2 + bx
Illustration. Assume that in a given month there are an estimated 6 million unemployed men in the civilian labor force
(x = 6,000,000). Obtain the appropriate a and b parameters
from table 1-F ("unemployment, total or white"). Use the
formula to compute an approximate standard error on the
estimate of 6,000,000.
a = -0.000015942
sx = V
b = 2576.83
(-0.000015942) (6,000,000) 2 + (2576.83) (6,000,000) =122,000
Suppose that in the next month the estimated number of
unemployed men increases by 200,000 to 6,200,000. The
average of the monthly levels is x = 6,100,000. Obtain the
appropriate a and b parameters from table 1-G ("unemployment, total or white, total, men, women"). Use the formula
to compute an approximate standard error on the estimated
change of 200,000.
s x = /V(-O.OOOO83130) (6,100,000) 2 + (3652.76) (6,100,000) =139,000
An approximate 90-percent confidence interval for the
true month-to-month change would be the interval from
-22,000 to 422,000. Because this interval covers zero, one
cannot assert at this level of confidence that any real change
has occurred in the unemployment level. This result can also
be expressed by saying that the apparent change of 200,000
is not significant at a 90-percent confidence level.
Standard errors of estimated percentages and rates. Generally, percentages and rates are not published unless the
monthly base (denominator) is greater than 75,000 persons,
the quarterly average base is greater than 60,000 persons, or
the annual average base is greater than 35,000 persons.
The reliability of an estimated percentage or rate depends
upon the magnitude of the percentage or rate and its base.
When the numerator and base are in different categories, use
the parameters from table 1-F or 1-G relevant to the numerator. The approximate standard error, sy>P) of an estimated per-
centage or rate, p, can be obtained using the following formula, where y is the estimated number of persons in the base.
Sy,p -
y P(IOO-P)
Illustration. For a given month, suppose that 5,600,000
women, 20 to 24 years of age, are estimated to be employed.
Of this total, 1,800,000 or 32 percent are classified as parttime workers. To estimate the standard error on this percentage, proceed as follows. Obtain the parameter b = 2204.62
from table 1-F ("labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment, total
women"). Apply the formula to obtain:
Sy,p-
2204.62 (32) (100 - 32) = 0.9 percent
5,600,000
Suppose that in the next month 5,700,000 women in this
same age group are reported employed and that 1,950,000 or
34 percent are part-time workers. To estimate the standard
error on the observed month-to-month change of 2 percentage points, first average the values for p and y over the 2
months to get p = 33 percent and y = 5,650,000. Next, obtain
the parameter b = 2344.57 from table 1-G ("labor force and
not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment
and unemployment, total or white, women, low correlation
characteristics") and apply the formula as follows.
2344.57 (33) (100 - 33) = 1.0 percent
5,650,000
It should be noted that the numerator of the percentage
(part-time employed) determined the choice of correlation.
If the example had illustrated percentages of women
employed full time, the numerator would have been a high
correlation characteristic. Table 1-G, however, does not explicitly list high correlation parameters for employed
women; thus, the row labeled "women, most characteristics" would have been used.
Had the example dealt with teenage women employed
part time, either of two rows in table 1-G could have been
applied ("women, low correlation" or "both sexes, 16 to 19
years"). In situations like this, where it is not clear which
row applies, a general rule to follow is to choose the row with
the largest b parameter. This gives a more conservative estimate of standard error.
Use of table I-H. Use this table with table 1-B, 1-C, 1-D, or
1-F to calculate approximate standard errors for quarterly or
yearly averages, changes in consecutive quarterly or yearly
averages, and consecutive year-to-year changes in monthly
estimates. Table 1-H gives factors to be applied only to standard errors for monthly levels. Follow these three basic
steps:
173
Table 1-F. Parameters for computation of standard errors
for estimates of monthly levels
Characteristic
a
b
Labor force and not-in-laborforce data other than agricultural employment and
unemployment:
1
Illustration. Suppose that standard errors are desired for a
quarterly average of black employment levels and for the
change in averages from 1 quarter to the next. For each
successive month of the first quarter, suppose the levels are
observed to be 11,500,000,11,600,000, and 11,700,000.
Step 1. The quarterly average is 11,600,000.
Total
Men 1
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
-0.000015693
-.000029081
-.000026234
-.000155877
2601.35
2408.58
2204.62
2217.37
White 1
Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
-.000017747
-.000032645
-.000029869
-.000185057
2600.88
2410.86
2201.86
2221.96
Black
Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
-.000112595
-.000271289
-.000164088
-.001181647
2735.54
2553.88
2298.23
2570.17
-.000190760
3394.71
.000005264
722.21
Hispanic origin
Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters from table 1-F ("labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment, black, total"). Use the formula for s x to compute an approximate standard error for a
monthly estimate of 11,600,000.
a = -0.000112595
b=2735.54
sx= / \/(-O.()()0112595)(ll,600,()00) 2 +(2735.54)(ll,600,000) =129,000
Not in labor force, total or white,
excluding women and 16- to
19-year-olds
Agricultural employment:
Total or white
Men
Women or both sexes, 16
to 19 years
.000694096
.000761532
2656.52
2461.77
-.000022089
2250.29
Black
-.000121207
Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .87 from table
1-H (column labeled "quarterly averages" and row labeled
"labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment, black"). This gives
an approximate standard error of 112,000 on the quarterly
average of 11,600,000.
2749.05
Hispanic origin:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to
19 years
.010960039
2522.57
.014443239
1483.55
-.000015942
-.000190601
-.000094114
2576.83
2744.70
3116.52
Unemployment:
Total or white
Black
Hispanic origin
.
Excludes not-in-labor-force data.
Step 1. Average estimates appropriately. For quarterly
estimates, average the 3 monthly estimates. For yearly estimates, average the 12 monthly estimates. For changes in
consecutive averages, average over the 2 quarters or 2 years.
For consecutive year-to-year changes in monthly estimates,
average the 2 months involved.
Proceed to obtain the approximate standard error on the
change in consecutive quarterly average estimates of black
employment. Assume that black employment estimates for
the months in the second quarter are observed to be
11,100,000,11,200,000, and 11,300,000.
Step 1. The average for the second quarter is 11,200,000.
The average of the 2 quarters is 11,400,000.
Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters as above and use the
formula for sx to compute an approximate standard error for
the estimate of 11,400,000, treating it as an estimate for a
single month.
sx= A/(-0.000112595)(ll,400,0()0) 2 +(2735.54)(ll,400,000) =129,000
vStep 2. Obtain a standard error on a monthly estimate using table 1-B or 1-C, or apply the procedures for table 1-D or
1-F to the average calculated in step 1, as if the average were
an estimate for a single month.
Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .84 from table 1-H
(column labeled "change in quarterly averages" and row
labeled "labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than
agricultural employment and unemployment, black"). This
gives an approximate standard error of 108,000 on the
estimated change of 400,000 from 1 quarter to the next.
vStep 3. Determine the standard error on the average or on
the estimate of change. Multiply the result from step 2 by the
appropriate factor from table 1-H.
The estimated change clearly exceeds 2 standard errors;
therefore, one could conclude from these data that the
change in quarterly averages is significant.
174
Table 1-G. Parameters for computation of standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change in levels
Characteristic
Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total or white:
Most characteristics
High correlation characteristics1
Low correlation characteristics1
-0.000011078
-.000008243
-.000014344
1743.77
1363.60
2222.55
Men:
Most characteristics
High correlation characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
-.000020055
-.000014922
-.000051814
1674.07
1307.96
2325.37
Women:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
-.000018844
-.000053069
1472.65
2344.57
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
-.000169260
2280.05
Black:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
-.000088926
-.001732525
1871.20
5676.12
Men:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
-.000210520
-.002587620
1986.81
5079.90
Women:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics
-.000140581
-.002078112
4723.08
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
-.001176111
2729.02
-.000145304
-.000095111
-.002425480
-.000227656
2417.72
1682.24
7511.81
2045.54
-.000366130
-.000315338
3150.64
2239.22
Total or white:
Total
Men
Women or both sexes, 16 to 19 years
-.000351254
-.000597224
.000115653
3344.45
3450.08
2062.60
Black:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to 19 years
-.000109948
-.017161885
2493.69
5121.00
Hispanic origin:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to 19 years
.002654758
.002647371
4043.98
3510.08
-.000218152
1822.59
Total or white:
Total, men, women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics
-.000083130
-.000063570
3652.76
4463.07
Black:
Total, men, women, and both sexes, 16 to 19 years
High correlation characteristics
-.000372215
.000043286
3800.30
2691.66
Hispanic origin:
Total, men, women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics
-.000233757
-.000921018
4404.26
6132.68
Hispanic origin:
Total
Civilian labor force and not in labor force
Low correlation characteristics
Men, civilian labor force and not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over; 20 years and over;
and both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Women, 16 years and over and 20 years and over
1621.48
Agricultural employment:
Self-employed
Unemployment:
2
1
High correlation characteristics include employed full-time, manufacturing,
service workers, and not in the labor force. Low correlation characteristics include all part-time workers; employed, with a job, but not at work; unpaid family
workers; and precision production, craft, and repair occupations.
2
High correlation characteristics include full-time jobseekers; job losers;
manufacturing workers; and operators, fabricators, and laborers. Low correlation characteristics include part-time jobseekers, reentrants, persons unemployed for less than 5 weeks and from 5 to 14 weeks.
175
calculated from 356 seasonally adjusted employment series
(3-digit industries) covering all nonfarm payroll employment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffusion indexes are based on 139 3-digit industries.
To derive the indexes, each component industry is assigned a value of 0,50, or 100 percent, depending on whether its employment showed a decrease, no change, or an increase, respectively, over the time span. The average value
(mean) is then calculated, and this percent is the diffusion index number.
The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent,
the value which indicates that the same number of component industries had increased as had decreased. Index numbers above 50 show that more industries had increasing employment, and values below 50 indicate that more had decreasing employment. The margin between the percent that
increased and the percent that decreased is equal to the difference between the index and its complement, i.e., 100 minus the index. For example, an index of 65 percent means
that 30 percent more industries had increasing employment
than had decreasing employment [65-( 100-65) = 30]. However, for dispersion analysis, the distance of the index number from the 50-percent reference point is the most significant observation.
Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpreted as
showing the percent of components that increased over the
time span, it should be remembered that the index reflects
half of the unchanged components as well. (This is the effect
of assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged components when computing the index.)
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports
of payrolls and hours for production and related workers in
manufacturing and mining, construction workers in
construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries.
Nonsupervisory employees. These are employees (not above
the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research
aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, line
installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services are
closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll. This refers to the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the
12th day of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union
dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation,
and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless
earned and paid regularly each pay period); other pay not
earned in the pay period reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips;
and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in
kind are excluded. Employee benefits (such as health and
other types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc.,
paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours. These are the hours paid for during the pay period
which includes the 12th of the month for production,
construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours
paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is
received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours. These are hours worked by production or
related workers for which overtime premiums were paid because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or the workweek during the
pay period which included the 12th of the month. Weekend
and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums
were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.
Production and related workers. This category includes
working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating,
processing, assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling,
maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g.,
power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely
associated with the above production operations.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates to
the average hours for which pay was received and is different
from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages
cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled
hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further
reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.
Construction workers. This group includes the following
employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether working at the site of
construction or working in shops or yards at jobs (such as
precutting and preassembling) ordinarily performed by
members of the construction trades.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current
month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures
for 1982. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the
product of average weekly hours and production worker or
nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of
industry aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum of the
component aggregates.
178
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that
portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular
hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If an employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total compensation his or her holiday pay plus
straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime
hours would be reported.
Because overtime hours are premium hours by definition,
weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in
the same direction from month to month. Such factors as
work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not
have the same influence on overtime hours as on average
hours. Diverse trends at the industry group level also may be
caused by a marked change in hours for a component industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current months.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on a
"gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly
and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors as
premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changes
in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively
high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups and
divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings
for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period of
time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of work
or time. The earnings series do not measure the level of total
labor costs on the part of the employer since the following
are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items, payments
of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers,
and earnings for those employees not covered under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage payments. These series are compiled only for aircraft (SIC 3721)
and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing. The same concepts and estimation methods apply to
these series as apply to the average hourly earnings series described above; the one difference between the series is definitional. The payroll data used to calculate this series include lump-sum payments made to production workers in
lieu of general wage rate increases; such payments are excluded from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate
the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 and SIC 3761
covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data
are adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year and
cover the following 12-month period. In order to spread the
payment across this time period, a prorated portion of the
payment is added to the payroll each month. This prorated
portion is adjusted by an exit rate to reduce the lump-sum
amount to account for persons who received the payment but
left before the payment allocation period expired.
Average hourly earningsy excluding overtime. Average
hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay are computed by dividing the total production worker payroll for the
industry group by the sum of total production worker hours
and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are
made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time
and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are
based on monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of
the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff assistants
(ICC group I) who received pay during the month. Average
hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average
hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are
affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but
also by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly
variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time
workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees
are not paid may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-term trends of average weekly earnings can be affected by structural changes in the makeup of the work force.
For example, persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced average workweeks in these
industries and have affected the average weekly earnings series.
Real earnings. These earnings are in constant dollars and
are calculated from the earnings averages for the current
month using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W).
The reference year for these series is 1982.
ESTIMATING METHODS
The Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establishment survey estimates of employment are generated through
an annual benchmark and monthly sample link procedure.
Annual universe counts or benchmark levels are generated
primarily from administrative records on employees
covered by unemployment insurance (UI) tax laws. These
179
annual benchmarks, established for March of each year, are
projected forward for each subsequent month based on the
trend of the sample employment, using an estimation procedure called the link relative. Benchmarks and sample link
relatives are computed for each of 1,703 basic estimation
cells defined by industry, size, and geography for the CES
national estimates, and summed to create aggregate level
employment estimates.
Benchmarks
The establishment survey constructs annual benchmarks
in order to realign the sample-based employment totals for
March of each year with the Ul-based population counts for
March. These population counts are much less timely than
sample-based estimates; however, they provide an annual
point-in-time census for employment.
Population counts are derived from the administrative file
of employees covered by UI. All employers covered by UI
laws are required to report employment and wage information to the appropriate State employment security agency
four times a year. Approximately 99 percent of in-scope private employment is covered by UI. A benchmark for the remaining 1 percent is constructed from alternate sources, primarily records from the Interstate Commerce Commission
and the Social Security Administration. The full benchmark
developed for March replaces the March sample-based estimate, for each basic cell. The monthly sample-based estimates for the year preceding and the year following the
benchmark are also then subject to revision.
Monthly estimates for the year preceding the March
benchmark are readjusted using a "wedge back" procedure.
The difference between the final benchmark level and the
previously published March sample estimate is calculated
and spread back across the previous 11 months. The wedge is
linear; eleven-twelfths of the March difference is added to
the February estimates, ten-twelfths to the January estimates, and so on, back to the previous April estimates which
receive one-twelfth of the March difference. This assumes
that the total estimation error since the last benchmark accumulated at a steady rate throughout the current benchmark
year.
Estimates for the 11 months following the March benchmark are also recalculated each year. These post-benchmark
estimates reflect the application of sample-based monthly
changes to new benchmark levels for March, and the recomputation of bias adjustment factors for each month. Bias factors are updated to take into account the most recent experience of the estimates generated by the monthly sample versus the full universe counts derived from the UI.
Following the revision of basic employment estimates, all
other derivative series (e.g., production workers, average
hourly earnings) are also recalculated. New seasonal adjustment factors are calculated and all data series for the previous 5 years are reseasonally adjusted, prior to full publication of all revised data in June of each year.
180
Monthly estimation
Estimates are derived from a sample of approximately
390,000 business establishments nationwide. A current
month's estimate is derived as the product of the previous
month's estimate and a sample link relative for the current
month. A bias adjustment factor is then applied to this result
primarily to help account for new business births during the
month.
Stratification. The sample is stratified into 1,703 basic estimation cells for purposes of computing national employment, hours, and earnings estimates. Cells are defined primarily by detailed industry, and secondarily by size for a majority of cells. In a few industries, mostly within the
construction division, geographic stratification is also used.
Industry classification is in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SIC); most estimation cells are defined at the 4-digit SIC level.
This detailed stratification pattern allows for the production and publication of estimates in considerable industry
detail. Sub-industry stratification by size is important because major statistics which the survey measures, particularly employment change and average earnings, often vary significantly between establishments of different size. Stratification reduces the variance of the published industry level
estimates.
Link relative technique. A ratio of the previous to the current
month's employment is computed from a sample of establishments reporting for both months—this ratio is called a
"link relative." For each basic cell, a link relative is computed and applied to the previous month's employment estimate to derive the current month's estimate. Thus a March
benchmark is moved forward to the next March benchmark
through application of monthly link relatives. Basic cell estimates created through the link relative technique are aggregated to form published industry level estimates, for employment, as described in table 2-A. Basic estimation and
aggregation methods for the hours and earnings data are also
shown in table 2-A.
Bias adjustment. Bias adjustment factors are computed at
the 3-digit SIC level, and applied each month at the basic cell
level, as part of the standard estimation procedures. The
main purpose of bias adjustment is to reduce a primary
source of nonsampling error in the survey, the inability to
capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new
firm births. There is a several month lag between an establishment opening for business and its appearing on the UI
universe frame and being available for sampling. Because
new firms generate a portion of employment growth each
month of the year, nonsampling methods must be used to
capture this growth, otherwise substantial under estimation
of total employment levels would occur. Formal bias adjustment procedures have been used by the establishment
Table 2-A. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Employment, hours,
and earnings
Basic estimating cell (industry, region,
size or region/size cell)
Aggregate industry level (division
and, where stratified, industry)
Monthly data
All employees
All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of all employees in current month to
all employees in previous month, for sample establishments which reported for both months.1
Production or nonsupervisory workers, women employees
All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to all employees in sample establishments for current month, (2) estimated ratio of
women to all employees.2
Sum of all-employee estimates for component
cells.
Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates, or estimates of women employees, for
component cells.
Average weekly hours
Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2
Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory worker employment, of the average weekly
hours for component cells.
Average weekly overtime hours . . .
Production worker overtime hours divided by
number of production workers.2
Average, weighted by production worker employment, of the average weekly overtime hours for
component cells.
Average hourly earnings
Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll divided by total production or nonsupervisory
worker hours.2
Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average hourly earnings for component cells.
Average weekly earnings
Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.
Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.
Annual average data
All employees, women employees,
and production or nonsupervisory
workers
Average weekly hours
Average weekly overtime hours . ..
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.
Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.
Annual total of aggregate hours (production or
nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by
average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of
employment.
Annual total of aggregate hours for production
or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual
sum of employment for these workers.
Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (production worker employment multiplied by average
weekly overtime hours) divided by annual sum of
employment.
Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for production workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers.
Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by
weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided by
annual aggregate hours.
Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by
annual aggregate hours.
Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.
Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.
1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product
by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in the
sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly
earnings are modified by a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure accepts the advantage
of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at the same time,
tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest sample
average.
181
survey since the late 1960's. Prior to the 1983 benchmark,
bias adjustments were derived from a simple mean error
model, which averaged undercount errors for the previous 3
years to arrive at bias projections for the coming year. The
undercount errors were measured as the difference between
sample-based estimate results and benchmark levels.
This procedure eventually proved inadequate during periods of rapidly changing employment trends, and the bias adjustment methodology was revised. Research done in the
early 1980's indicated that bias requirements were strongly
correlated with current employment growth or decline.
Based on this research, a revised method was developed
which incorporated the sample data on employment growth
over the most recent two quarters, and a regression-derived
coefficient for the significance of that change, to adjust the
mean error model results. This change in methodology provided a more cyclically sensitive bias model. The regression-adjusted mean error model has been in use since 1983,
for the production of national estimates.
The current model still has limitations in its ability to react
to changing economic conditions or changing error structure
relationships between the sample-based estimates and the
UI universe counts. A principal limitation is the inability to
incorporate UI universe counts as they become available on
an ongoing basis, with a 6- to 9-month lag from the reference
period. Thus, the current quarterly outputs from the model
are subject to intervention analysis, and adjustments can be
made to its results, prior to the establishment of final bias
levels for a quarter. Review is done primarily in terms of
detection of outlier (i.e., abnormally high or low) values, and
by comparison of CES sample and bias trends with the most
recent quarterly observations of UI universe counts. The
BLS currently has under study improved bias models using a
Kalman filter technique, which would allow a more formal,
structured incorporation of each quarter's UI universe
counts in the bias modeling process.
Although the primary function of bias adjustment is to account for employment resulting from new business formations, it also adjusts for other elements of nonsampling error
in the survey, because the primary input to the modeling procedure is total estimation error. Significant among these
nonsampling error sources is a business death bias. When a
sampled firm closes down, most often it simply does not respond to the survey that month, rather than reporting zero
employment. Followup with nonrespondents may reveal an
out-of-business firm, but this information is often received
too late to incorporate into monthly estimates, and the firm is
simply treated as a nonrespondent for that month.
Because the bias adjustments incorporated into the estimates represent a composite of a birth bias, death bias, and a
number of other differences between the sample-based estimates and the population counts, the monthly bias adjustment levels have no specific economic meaning in and of
themselves.
Table 2-B summarizes bias adjustments for the 1983-93
period. The table displays the average monthly "bias added"
182
and the average monthly "bias required" with the benchmark revisions for each year. Bias added shows the average
amount of bias which was added each month over the course
of an interbenchmark period. For example, the bias added
for 1993 is listed as 83,000; this represents the average of
bias adjustments made each month over the period April
1992 through March 1993. Bias required is computed retrospectively, after the March benchmark for a given year is
known. Bias required figures are calculated by taking the
difference between a March estimate derived purely from
the sample (i.e., a series calculated without bias adjustment)
and the March benchmark. Dividing this figure by 12 gives
the average monthly bias required figure. The bias required
is thus defined as the amount of bias adjustment which
would have achieved a zero benchmark error. The difference
between the total bias required and the total bias added is
then, by definition, approximately the benchmark revision
amount, for any given year. Also provided in the table for illustration, are the March-to-March changes. As discussed
above, the over-the-year changes indicate correlation with
the bias added and bias required figures.
THE SAMPLE
Design
The emphasis in the establishment survey is on producing
timely data at minimum cost. Therefore, the primary goal of
its design is to sample a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide reliable estimates that can be published both
promptly and regularly. The present sample allows BLS to
produce preliminary total nonfarm employment estimates
for each month, including some limited industry detail,
within 3 weeks after the reference period, and data in considerably more detail with an additional one-month lag.
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is a
form of sampling with probability proportionate to size,
known as "sampling proportionate to average size of establishment." This is an optimum allocation design among strata because sampling variance is proportional to the average
size of establishments. The universe of establishment employment is highly skewed, with a large percentage of total
employment concentrated in relatively few establishments.
Because variance on a population total estimate is a function
of percentage universe coverage achieved by the sample, it
is efficient to sample larger establishments at a higher rate
than smaller establishments, assuming the cost per sample
unit is fairly constant across size classes.
Under the establishment survey design, large establishments fall into a certainty strata for sample selection. The
size of the sample for the various industries is determined
empirically on the basis of experience and cost considerations. For example, in a manufacturing industry with a high
proportion of total employment concentrated in a small
number of establishments, a larger percent of total employment is included in the sample. Consequently, the sample
design for such industries provides for a complete census of
the large establishments, with a relatively few chosen from
among the smaller establishments. For an industry in which
a large proportion of total employment is concentrated in
small establishments, the sample design again calls for inclusion of all large establishments but also for a more substantial number of smaller ones. Many industries in the trade
and services divisions fall into this category. To keep the
sample to a size which can be handled by available resources, it is necessary to have a sample design for these industries with a smaller proportion of total universe coverage
than is the case for most manufacturing industries.
Coverage
The establishment survey is the largest monthly sampling
operation in the field of social statistics. Table 2-C shows the
latest benchmark employment levels and the approximate
proportion of total universe employment coverage, at the total nonfarm and major industry division levels. The coverage for individual industries within the divisions may vary
from the proportions shown.
Reliability
The establishment survey, like other sample surveys, is
subject to two types of error, sampling and nonsampling error. The magnitude of sampling error, or variance, is directly
related to the size of the sample and the percentage of universe coverage achieved by the sample. The establishment
survey sample covers over one-third of total universe employment; this yields a very small variance on the total nonfarm estimates. Measurements of error associated with sample estimates are provided in tables 2-D through 2-G.
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error. The sum
of sampling and nonsampling error can be considered total
survey error. Unlike most sample surveys which publish
sampling error as their only measure of error, the CES
can derive an annual approximation of total error,
on a lagged basis, because of the availability of the
independently derived universe data. While the benchmark
error is used as a measure of total error for the CES survey
estimate, technically, it actually represents the difference
between two independent estimates derived from separate
survey processes (i.e., the CES sample process and the
UI universe process) and thus reflects the errors present in
each program. Historically, the benchmark revision has been
very small for total nonfarm employment. Over the past decade, percentage benchmark error has averaged 0.2 percent,
with a range from zero to 0.6 percent. Table 2-D shows the
most current benchmark revisions, along with 10-year mean
revisions and mean absolute revisions for major industries.
Mean revisions give an indication of bias in the estimates;
unbiased estimates have a mean revision close to zero, as
over and under estimations cancel out over time. Mean absolute revisions give an overall indicator as to the accuracy of
the estimates; the larger the value, the further the estimate
was from the final benchmark level.
Estimated standard errors for employment, hours, and earnings. The hours and earnings estimates for the basic estimating cells do not have universe data sources available and
therefore are not subject to benchmark revisions, although
the broader groupings may be affected slightly by changes in
employment weights. Like the employment estimates, the
hours and earnings estimates are also subject to sampling
and nonsampling errors. Estimates of the sampling error for
employment, hour, and earnings were computed using the
method of random groups and are expressed as relative stan-
Table 2-B. March employment benchmarks and bias adjustments for total private industries, March 1983-93
Benchmark
Average monthly bias
Employment1
Revision2
Added 3
Required4
Over-the-year
employment
change5
1983.
1984.
1985.
1986.
1987.
1988 .
1989.
72,043
76,371
79,446
81,204
83,173
86,180
89,015
-78
341
-131
-400
21
-310
-93
102
140
152
149
98
114
131
96
169
141
116
99
88
123
-1,327
4,328
3,075
1,758
1,969
3,007
2,835
1990.
1991 .
1992.
1993.
90,546
88,790
88,347
89,790
-261
-583
-130
288
85
61
33
83
63
12
22
107
-1,756
-443
1,443
Year
1
Universe counts for March of each year used to make annual
benchmark adjustments to the employment estimates. About 99 percent of the benchmark employment is from unemployment insurance
administrative records, and the remaining 1 percent is from alternate
sources. Data represent benchmark levels as originally computed.
2
Difference between the final March sample-based estimate and the
benchmark level for total private employment.
3
The average amount of bias adjustment each month over the
1,531
course of an inter-benchmark period, i.e., from April of the prior year
through March of the given year.
4
The difference between the March benchmark and the March estimate derived solely from the sample without bias adjustment, converted to a monthly amount by dividing by 12.
5
March-to-March changes in the benchmark employment level.
NOTE: Data in this table exclude government employment because
there is no bias adjustment for this sector.
183
dard errors (standard error divided by the estimate). Relative
standard errors for individual industries with the specified
number of employees are presented in table 2-E and for major industries in table 2-F. Multiplying the relative standard
error by its estimated value gives the estimate of the standard
error. The errors presented here are based on averages observed from sample data over the March 1992 through
March 1993 period.
Standard errors for differences between industries and
times. The standard error of a difference is required to test for
significant differences between estimates from two different
industries. Since the estimates for the two industries are independent, the standard error of a difference is the square
root of the sum of the estimated variance of each estimate,
Si 2 and S 2 2 .
= V?
S difference
The CES sample overlaps almost entirely from month to
month, so monthly estimates are not independent. The
covariance between these estimates must be accounted for
when testing the significance of the change in estimates over
time. The standard error of the change can be estimated as
follows.
S change
+
=
S2
-
every third year entire division(s) are subject to refiling. The
volume of these adjustments is generally quite large and has
a substantial impact on universe employment counts at the
industry levels, although the total nonfarm employment level remains unaffected. For example, in a year when the services division is refiled, a substantial amount of employment is usually reclassified out of services to other major divisions, thus, lowering the benchmark level for services, and
potentially causing a significant downward revision in the
services employment totals previously published.
Revisions between preliminary and final data. First preliminary estimates of employment, hours, and earnings, based
on less than the total sample, are published immediately following the reference month. Final revised sample-based estimates are published 2 months later when nearly all the reports in the sample have been received. Table 2-G presents
the root-mean-square error, the mean percent, and the mean
absolute percent revision that may be expected between the
preliminary and final employment estimates.
Table 2-C. Employment benchmarks and approximate coverage
of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 1993
Sample coverage1
Employees
2pS)S2
Industry
If si = S2, then:
S change
=
Noneconomic code changes. A major source of benchmark
revision at the major industry division level and below are
noneconomic code changes, which are introduced into the
universe data in the first quarter of each calendar year.
Approximately one-third of all establishments in the universe are included in the universe program's annual Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) refiling survey. Corrections to individual establishments SIC and ownership codes
are made through this process. The refiling cycle is such that
Number of
establishments
108,935
603
4,177
17,974
Number
(thousands)
Percent
of
benchmarks
325,021
43,564
40
3,883
26,404
59,002
258
851
9,160
43
20
51
17,567
26,367
65,892
2,528
1,154
4,843
44
20
25
6,633
29,647
24,346
77,599
2,175
7,771
33
26
2,926
4,581
11,638
(3)
5,977
17,984
2,926
3,911
7,987
100
85
69
-y^Sj (I — /?)
Conservative estimates of p after one month are 0.8 for employment, 0.6 for average weekly hours, and 0.8 for average
hourly earnings.
If the bias is small, then the standard error can be used to
construct approximate confidence intervals or range of values that include the true population value. If the process of
selecting a sample from the population were repeated many
times and an estimate and its standard error calculated for
each sample, then approximately 68 percent of the intervals
from one standard error below the estimate to one standard
error above the estimate would include the true population
value.
184
Benchmarks
(thousands)
Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade . . .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate ..
Services
Government:
Federal
State
Local
5,720
5,903
19,133
2
1
Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Because not all establishments report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings
estimates are based on a smaller sample than employment estimates.
2 The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete count
of employment for Class I railroads. A small sample is used to estimate
hours and earnings data.
3
Total Federal employment counts by agency for use in national estimates are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management.
Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State
and area estimates of Federal employment, are based on a sample of
5,342 reports covering about 60 percent of employment in Federal establishments.
Table 2-D. Current (March 1993) and historical benchmark revisions
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1993
benchmark revision
10-year average
mean percent revision1
Industry
Level
Percent
Actual
Absolute
263
0.2
-0.1
0.2
288
.3
-.1
.3
287
1.3
-.4
.7
Mining
Metal mining
Coal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetaillic minerals, except fuels
13
0
4
8
1
2.2
0
3.4
2.4
1.0
-1.8
-2.7
-1.2
-2.1
-1.1
2.1
3.2
2.0
2.6
1.5
Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors
68
42
1
26
1.6
4.1
.2
1.0
-.4
-.1
-.5
-.5
1.5
2.2
1.8
1.9
206
1.1
-.4
.7
128
1.3
-.4
.7
-.6
-.1
-.3
-.7
-.3
-.3
-.7
-.9
.5
1.0
.5
-.3
-.5
1.4
.9
1.0
1.0
1.3
.8
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.8
1.4
Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products . . .
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger transit
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores
18
6
4
3
0
22
20
7
24
13
2
12
13
78
24
-4
9
7
9
9
5
-4
19
2
2.6
1.2
.8
.4
0
1.7
1.0
.5
1.4
1.6
.4
1.3
3.5
1.0
1.5
-9.5
1.3
.7
1.3
.6
.5
-2.7
2.1
1.7
-.4
.8
-.6
-1.7
-.3
-.9
-.1
-.3
-.2
-.3
-.3
-1.7
1.1
4.0
.8
-24
58
56
0
7
37
0
3
1
9
2
4
-2
1.3
.6
.9
.8
1.7
1.6
3.3
.3
1.0
1.6
0
1.8
2.3
0
.4
5.3
2.5
-.4
-.6
-.1
1.0
-.4
-2.8
-1.3
-152
-75
-77
.1
.3
-.2
-2.6
-2.2
-3.1
-.1
-1.6
-.1
-.2
-.1
-.7
-.9
-.3
-40
-13
92
-.2
-1.8
3.8
.2
.6
1.3
.7
1.3
1.4
1.6
1.6
5.0
2.1
3.7
2.6
.7
1.1
.7
1.2
1.3
1.1
.6
1.6
2.1
See footnotes at end of table.
185
Table 2-D. Current (March 1993) and historical benchmark revisions—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
March 1993
benchmark revision
10-year average
mean percent revision1
Industry
Level
Percent
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments
1
-24
-1
-20
-48
-28
()
-1.2
-.1
-2.5
-.7
-1.2
-.9
-.8
1.2
-.4
.6
-.2
1.0
1.2
1.6
1.5
1.2
.8
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions
Nondepository institutions
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and service
100
10
-24
34
4
-4
64
50
14
26
1.5
.3
-1.2
7.8
.9
-.3
-.7
-1.3
.7
-.1
-.5
.2
.5
-.3
-.2
.8
.8
1.3
35
4
14
56
8
-61
11
7
-11
60
-107
-32
-5
-71
2
0
73
5
-1
.1
.9
.9
4.7
.1
-3.5
1.2
2.0
-2.7
5.3
-1.2
-.8
-.5
-4.0
.1
0
3.6
.2
-2.4
-25
0
18
5
-.1
0
.4
.3
.5
-.4
-.1
-.7
Actual
Absolute
Retail trade—Continued
Real estate
Services
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Personnel supple services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Hospitals
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services3
Services, nee
Government
Federal
State
Education
Other State government
Local
Education
Other local government
1
Data reflate to the 1984-93 benchmarks, as originally published,
unless otherwise noted.
186
-1.8
2.9
3.3
2.1
2.0
13
-43
-7
-36
2
Less than 0.05 percent.
3 Data relate to 1989-93.
.1
2.6
.2
.1
.4
1.5
-.2
-.5
.9
.1
-.7
-.4
(2)
1.0
-1.1
1.4
2.3
.8
-.5
(2)
0
.4
.7
.2
-.1
-.1
-.2
1.4
.9
4.8
1.0
1.5
1.8
1.4
.5
2.6
1.4
2.3
1.4
4.1
.9
3.8
2.2
2.9
1.0
.7
1.4
2.9
1.9
3.4
3.0
1.5
1.8
.3
0
.7
1.3
.6
.3
.4
.3
Table 2-E. Relative standard errors1 for estimates of employment,
hours, and earnings
(In percent)
Size of employment
estimate
50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000
Employment
Average
weekly
hours
1.3
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.3
Average
hourly
earnings
2.9
2.4
1.9
1.4
1.1
.9
2.0
1.5
1.1
.8
.6
.5
1
Relative errors were estimated with sample data from March
1992-March1993.
Table 2-F. Relative standard errors1 for estimates of
employment, hours, and earnings by industry division
(In percent)
Industry
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Employment
Average
weekly
hours
Average
hourly
earnings
0.1
.4
.4
.1
.2
.1
0.4
.7
.2
.2
.2
.3
0.3
1.0
.3
.4
.5
.4
.2
.2
.1
1.5
.4
.3
1.7
.3
.3
.3
.2
.5
.7
.4
.4
1
Relative errors were estimated with sample data from March
1992-March1993.
Revisions of preliminary hours and earnings estimates are
normally not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and
1 cent for hourly earnings, at the total private nonfarm level,
and may be slightly larger for the more detailed industry
groupings.
STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
(Tables B-7, B-14, and B-18)
As explained earlier, State agencies in cooperation with
BLS collect and prepare State and area employment, hours,
and earnings data. These statistics are based on the same establishment reports used by BLS, however, BLS uses the full
CES sample to produce monthly national employment estimates, while each State agency uses its portion of the sample
to independently develop a State employment estimate.
The CES area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Definitions for all areas are published each year in the issue of
Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in definitions
are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be
obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back
cover of each issue.
Caution in aggregating State data. The national estimation
procedures used by BLS are designed to produce accurate
national data by detailed industry; correspondingly the State
estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate data
for each individual State. State estimates are not forced to
sum to national totals nor vice versa. Because each State series is subject to larger sampling and nonsampling errors
than the national series, summing them cumulates individual State level errors and can cause distortions at an aggregate
level. This has been a particular problem at turning points in
the U.S. economy, when the majority of the individual State
errors tend to be in the same direction. Due to these statistical limitations, the Bureau does not compile or publish a
"sum-of-States" employment series. Additionally, BLS cautions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large
and volatile error structure, particularly at turning points.
187
Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Mean percent revision
Industry
Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries
Root-mean-squareerror
of monthly level1
Actual
Absolute
71,500
0.1
54,300
0
17,200
.1
Mining
Metal mining 2
Coal mining 2
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels 2
2,400
600
1,000
2,300
400
0
0
-0.2
.1
0
.3
.7
.6
.4
.3
Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building 2
Special trade contractors^
9,900
4,400
4,000
6,400
.1
0
.1
.1
.2
.3
.4
.2
0
0
0
-.1
-.1
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.5
.1
.1
.1
.2
.4
.2
.2
.3
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment.
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts 2
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation2
Local and interurban passenger transit2 ..
Trucking and warehousing2
Water transportation2
Transportation by air2
Pipelines, except natural gas 2
Transportation services2
Communications and public utilities
Communications2
Electric, gas, and sanitary services2
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
See footnotes at end of table.
188
11,600
8,500
1,400
1,300
1,300
1,800
1,400
2,200
2,600
3,100
4,400
3,600
2,300
1,700
1,600
.1
-.1
0
0
6,600
3,900
500
1,800
2,800
1,500
1,900
1,700
700
1,700
800
0
.1
0
0
0
0
0
-.1
0
-.1
.2
.8
.2
.2
.2
.1
.1
.3
.2
.5
.1
64,700
9,300
7,100
2,100
3,200
15,300
2,200
13,300
200
1,200
4,500
4,200
1,900
0
0
0
0
-.1
.2
-.3
-.4
-.1
-.1
-.1
0
.1
.2
.6
.7
.3
1.0
.5
.7
.3
.2
.2
.2
6,500
3,800
4,300
0
0
0
.1
.1
.1
Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates—Continued
Mean percent revision
Industry
Root-mean-square error
of monthly level1
Actual
Absolute
29,000
2,500
13,300
6,200
3,100
12,200
3,900
11,300
7,600
.1
.1
0
0
0
-.1
.1
0
.2
.1
.2
.4
.2
.1
.5
.3
.1
.2
6,400
4,500
9,200
1,500
1,000
1,700
3,000
2,800
1,000
3,100
0
0
-.1
.1
.1
0
0
0
0
.1
.1
.1
.2
.3
.2
.6
.1
.1
.1
.2
Services
Agricultural services2
Hotels and other lodging places 2
Personal services2
Business services
Personnel supply services2
Auto repair, services, and parking 2
Miscellaneous repair services2
Motion pictures2
Amusement and recreation services2
Health services
Hospitals2
Legal services2
Educational services2
Social services1
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens 2
Membership organizations2
Engineering and management services3
Services, nee 2
30,800
6,100
7,200
11,000
14,300
12,400
12,700
2,800
6,200
13,900
7,100
26,400
12,400
24,500
28,100
900
25,400
4,100
1,400
0
-.1
-.1
.1
.2
-.2
-.2
-.1
.4
0
-.1
-.2
-.1
-.1
-.2
-.2
0
.1
.1
.6
.3
.6
.2
.5
.4
.4
1.0
.9
.1
.2
.3
.7
.5
1.0
.4
.1
.3
Government
Federal
44,200
15,800
17,500
11,700
8,200
26,600
19,800
20,400
0
.1
0
.1
.1
0
.1
0
.2
.4
.3
.5
.2
.2
.3
.2
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies 2
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Apparel and accessory stores2
Furniture and home furnishings stores2
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments2
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions2
Nondepository institutions2
Security and commodity brokers2
Holding and other investment offices2
Insurance
Insurance carriers2
Insurance agents, brokers, and service2
Real estate
State
Education2
Other State government2
Local
Education2
Other local government2
1
The root-mean-square error is the square root of the mean squared
error. The mean squared error is the square of the difference between
the final and preliminary estimates averaged across a series of
monthly observations.
2
Data based on differences from January 1990 through December
.1
1993.
3
Data based on differences from August 1990 through December
1993.
NOTE: Errors are based on differences from January 1989 through
December 1993, unless otherwise noted.
189
Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data
("C" tables)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor
market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under
Federal assistance programs are developed by State employment security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative
program. The local unemployment estimates which derive
from standardized procedures developed by BLS are the
basis for determining eligibility of an area for benefits under
Federal programs such as the Job Training and Partnership
Act.
Annual average data for the States and over 260 areas
shown in table C-3 are published in Employment and
Earnings (usually the May issue). For regions, States,
selected metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual
average data classified by selected demographic, social, and
economic characteristics are published in the BLS bulletin,
Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other small
areas have been prepared for administration of various
Federal economic assistance programs and may be ordered
from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The report "Unemployment in States and Local Areas" is published monthly
through GPO and is available in microfiche form only, on a
subscription basis.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment
estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, and over 6,500 areas, including nearly 2,400
LMA's, counties, and cities with a population of 25,000 or
more. The estimation methods are described below for
States (and the District of Columbia) and for sub-State areas.
At the sub-LMA level, (county and city), estimates are
prepared using disaggregation techniques based on decennial and annual population estimates and current unemployment insurance data. A more detailed description of the
estimation procedure is contained in the BLS document,
Manual for Developing Local Area Unemployment Statistics.
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force and
unemployment estimates for 11 large States—California,
Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey,
New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas—are sufficiently reliable to be taken directly from the
190
Current Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly basis. These
are termed "direct-use States." For a description of the CPS
concepts, see "Household Data," above.
For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia,
which do not use the CPS directly each month, models based
on a "signal-plus-noise" approach are used to develop
employment and unemployment estimates. These are the
"non-direct-use" States. The model of the signal is a time
series model of the true labor force which consists of three
components: A variable coefficient regression, a flexible
trend, and a flexible seasonal component. The regression
techniques are based on historical and current relationships
found within each State's economy as reflected in the
different sources of data that are available for each
State—the CPS, the Current Employment Statistics (CES)
survey, and the unemployment insurance (UI) system. The
noise component of the models explicitly accounts for
autocorrelation in the CPS sampling error and changes in the
average magnitude of the error. In addition, the models can
identify and remove the effects of outliers in the historical
CPS series. While all the State models have important
components in common, they differ somewhat from one
another to better reflect individual State characteristics.
Two models—one for the employment-to-population
ratio and one for the unemployment rate—are used for each
State. The employment-to-population ratio, rather than the
employment level, and the unemployment rate, rather than
the unemployment level, are estimated primarily because
these ratios are usually more meaningful for economic
analysis.
The employment-to-population ratio models use the relationship between the State's monthly employment from the
CES and the CPS. The models also include trend and seasonal components to account for movements in the CPS not captured by the CES series. The seasonal component accounts
for the seasonality in the CPS not explained by the CES
while the trend component adjusts for long-run systematic
differences between the two series.
The unemployment rate models use the relationship
between the State's monthly unemployment insurance
claims data and the CPS unemployment rate, along with
trend and seasonal components.
In both the employment-to-population ratio and unemployment rate models, an important feature is the use of a
technique that allows the equations to adjust
automatically to structural changes that occur. The regression portion of the model includes a built-in tuning
mechanism, known as the Kalman Filter, which revises a
model's coefficients when the new data that become
available each month indicate that changes in the data
relationships have taken place. Once the estimates are
developed from the models, levels are calculated for the
employment, unemployment, and labor force levels.
Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, monthly
estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and the District of
Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the
annual average CPS estimates. The benchmarking technique employs a procedure (called the Denton method)
which adjusts the annual average of the models to equal the
CPS annual average, while preserving, as much as possible,
the original monthly seasonal pattern of the model estimates.
In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction is required; the average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates
will equal the CPS annual averages.
These factors are applied to the CES estimates for the current
period to obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which
are added estimates for employment not represented in the
CES—agricultural employees, nonagricultural self-employed and unpaid family workers, and private household
workers.
Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the current month,
the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the estimates for each of three categories: (1) Persons who were previously employed in industries covered by State UI laws; (2)
those previously employed in industries not covered by
these laws; and (3) those who were entering the civilian labor force for the first time or reentering after a period of separation.
Estimates for sub-State areas
Monthly labor force and employment estimates for two
large sub-State areas—New York City and the Los AngelesLong Beach metropolitan area—are obtained directly from
the CPS. Estimates for the nearly 2,400 LMA's, are prepared
through indirect estimation techniques, described below.
Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employment and unemployment are prepared for the State and
LMA's within the State. The LMA estimates geographically
exhaust the entire State. Thus, a proportional adjustment
must be applied to all sub-State LMA estimates to ensure
that they add to the independently estimated State totals for
employment and unemployment.
Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilian employment estimates are based on CES data. These "place-ofwork" estimates must be adjusted to refer to place of
residence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from
place of work to place of residence have been developed for
several categories of employment on the basis of employment relationships at the time of the 1990 decennial census.
Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State estimates are revised. The revisions incorporate any changes
in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based employment figures, corrections in claims counts, and updated historical relationships. The corrected estimates are then readjusted to add to the revised (benchmarked) State estimates of
employment and unemployment.
191
Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp
fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in
weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major
holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. Because
these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical and
other nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating
changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to
note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation
based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates
have a broader margin of possible error than the original data
on which they are based, because they are subject not only to
sampling and other errors but are also affected by the
uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself.
Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and
establishment-based data are published monthly in Employment and Earnings.
Since January 1980, national labor force data have been
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll ARIMA
(Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was
developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the standard X-ll method. A detailed description of the procedure
appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method by
Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No.
12-564E, January 1983.
At the beginning of each calendar year, projected seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated for use during the
January-June period. In July of each year, BLS calculates
and publishes in Employment and Earnings projected
seasonal adjustment factors for use in the second half, based
on the experience through June. Revisions of historical data
for the most recent 5 years are made only at the beginning of
each calendar year. However, as a result of the revisions to
the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980 census population
counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982
were carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For
example, for each of the three major labor force
components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural
employment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age
groups (men and women under and over 20 years of age) are
separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then
added to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The
seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum of
eight seasonally adjusted civilian employment components
and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components.
192
The total for unemployment is the sum of the four
unemployment components, and the unemployment rate is
derived by dividing the resulting estimate of total
unemployment by the estimate of the labor force. Because
of the independent seasonal adjustment of various series,
components will not necessarily add to totals.
In each January issue, Employment and Earnings publishes revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor
force series based on the experience through December, new
seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate the
civilian unemployment estimate for the first 6 months of the
following year, and a description of the current seasonal
adjustment procedure.
Since the early 1980's, BLS has also used the X-ll
ARIMA procedure to seasonally adjust national establishment-based employment, hours, and earnings data. The
X-ll ARIMA program had been run once each year after
benchmarking and seasonal adjustment factors had been
projected and published for 12 months ahead (April-March).
Beginning in June 1989, with the introduction of the March
1988 benchmarks, the Bureau modified this procedure to
parallel that used in seasonally adjusting household survey
data. Projected seasonal adjustment factors are calculated
and published twice a year. Revisions of historical data are
made once a year, coincident with benchmark revisions.
All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative
models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors
are computed and applied at component levels. For
employment series, these are generally the 2-digit SIC
levels. Seasonally adjusted totals are arithmetic aggregations for employment series and weighted averages of the
seasonally adjusted data for hours and earnings series.
Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the
product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and
seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average weekly
earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are
obtained by dividing average weekly earnings, seasonally
adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index
for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), and
multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average
weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsupervisory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the
1982 annual average base. For total private, total goods-producing, total private service-producing, and major industry
divisions, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally
adjusted, are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component
industries and dividing by the 1982 annual average base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number of
series characterized by small seasonal components relative
to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These
failed or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series, however,
are used in the aggregation to broader level seasonally
adjusted series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government employment are derived from unadjusted data which include
Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal Service. The number of temporary census workers for the decennial census, however, are removed prior to the calculation of seasonal adjustment factors.
BLS has developed an extension of X-l 1 ARIMA to allow
it to adjust more adequately for the effects of the presence or
absence of religious holidays in the April survey reference
period and of Labor Day in the September reference period.
This extension was applied for the first time at the end of
1989 to three persons-at-work labor force series which
tested as having significant and well-defined effects in their
April data associated with the timing of Easter. This
extension was also used for the seasonal adjustment of many
of the establishment-based series on average weekly hours
and manufacturing overtime hours, starting with the computation of the projected factors for the period beginning in
April 1990. Effective with the computation of factors for the
November 1993-April 1994 period, an extension of the
moving-holiday adjustment was introduced to adjust for the
effects of elections on local government employment.
Revised seasonally adjusted national establishmentbased series based on the experience through March 1994,
new seasonal adjustment factors for May-October 1994, and
a description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure
appear in the June 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Factors for the November 1994-April 1995 period will
appear in the December issue.
Beginning in 1992, BLS introduced publication of
seasonally adjusted labor force data for the census regions
and divisions, the 50 States, and the District of Columbia
(tables C-l and C-2). Using the X-ll ARIMA procedure,
seasonal adjustment factors are computed and applied
independently to the component employment and unemployment levels and then aggregated to regional or State
totals. Current seasonal adjustment factors are produced for
6-month periods twice a year. Historical revisions are made
at the beginning of each calendar year. Because of the
separate processing procedures, totals for the Nation as a
whole differ from the results obtained by aggregating
regional or State data.
Beginning in 1993, BLS introduced publication of
seasonally adjusted nonfarm payroll employment data by
major industry for all States and the District of Columbia
(table B-7). Seasonal adjustment factors are applied directly
to the employment estimates at the division level (component series for manufacturing and trade) and then aggregated
to the State totals. The recomputation of seasonal factors and
historical revisions are made coincident with the annual
benchmark adjustments. State estimation procedures are
designed to produce accurate (unadjusted and seasonally
adjusted) data for each individual State. BLS independently
develops a national employment series; State estimates are
not forced to sum to national totals. Because each Sate series
is subject to larger sampling and nonsampling errors than the
national series, summing them cumulates individual State
level errors and can cause significant distortions at an
aggregate level. Due to these statistical limitations, BLS
does not compile a "sum-of-States" employment series, and
cautions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large
and volatile error structure.
193
INDEX TO STATISTICAL TABLES
TABLE KEY: A: Monthly household data; B: Monthly national and State and area establishment data; C: Monthly regional, State,
and area labor force data; D: Quarterly, household data only, in the January, April, July, and October issues. Annual averages:
Household data in the January issue; national establishment data in the January, March, and June issues; State and area establishment and labor force data in the May issue. For additional information see the listing on the inside front cover of this
publication.
Monthly
Topic
Absences from work
Aggregate weekly hours (Index)
Agricultural industries
Seasonally
adjusted
Seasonally
adjusted
Not
seasonally
adjusted
A-6
A-6
B-6
Earnings, weekly
B-11
B-11
A-14,19-20,
28,33
D-1,4,8
D-11-14
A-21-25
A-20
D-4
D-4
D-13-14
A-34
B-2,15-18
B-2,15,15a,
17-18
D-19-21
A-15
A-3-5,7
A-4
B-3-5,7
A-13-17,20
A-15
A-19; B-1214
A-17-19
A-13-16,18
Occupation
Race
A-6
A-4
Sex.
A-2-7; B-4
A-13-18,20;
B-13
Family type
Fuil-time workers . . .
Historical data ......
A-5
A-16,31
Hours of work .
B-8-10
A-6,10
A-1-3,6
A-26,32
A-35
A-14,20
A-5
B-5,8-9,11
A-34
A-16
B-12,15-18
B-7; C-1-2
D-11-12,15
D-11-15
D-4
D-2
D-13-14
D-11,13,15
B-14,18; C-3
A-3-5,8-9
D-1-3,5
D-2
A-21-25; B-2,
15,18
Jobsearch methods
Marital status
Multiple jobholders
Nonagricultural industries
Not in the labor force
Part-time workers
Production or nonsupervisory workers
State, region, and area data
Unemployment by:
Age
Duration
Hispanic origin
A-12
A-4
Industry of last job . . .
Occupation of last job
Race
A-10
A-10
A-4
Reason
Sex
A-11
A-2-5,8-9
Union affiliation
Veterans, Vietnam-era .
'U.S. Government Printing Office: 1994 — 387-176/00013
Annual
averages
47-48
B-9
A-1-3,6,10
At work
Class of worker
Diffusion index
Discouraged workers.
Earnings, hourly
Educational attainment and school enrollment
Employment by:
Age
Hispanic origin
Industry
Not
seasonally
adjusted
Quarterly averges
D-1-5
D-3
D-11-15
D-13-14
D-4,8
D-1,4
D-3
D-13-14
A-13-16,26,
29-30,32
A-30-33
A-15
D-1-2,6-7
D-11-12,16
D-10
D-2
D-18
D-11-12,
16-18
A-28,33
A-27,33
A-13-16,26,
29,32
A-29-30
A-13-16,2630,32
D-8
D-8
D-2
D-11,16-20
D-9
D-1-2,6-7
D-17
D-11-12,16
A-36
D-22-23
A-1-2; 1-2,56,12-13,15,
17-18,28,34
19-23
12-13,15-16
37
B-2,15-17;
53; 2
B-2,15,15a,
17; 39-42,
53; 2
7
3-9,14-15
4-7,11-13,18
B-1,12-13,
16-18; 1
9-13,17
3,5,7-8,1012,14,17-18
B-13; 2-18
25-26
8,12-13,32
A-1-2; B-1-2;
1-2
B-15; 19-23,
53; 2
35-36
24,33
38
A-1-2; 1-2,56,12-13,15
37
8,12-13
B-12,15-17;
52-53
1-3
3-8,24,29,31,
35
31-34
4-7,25-26,30
28,34
27,34
3,5,7-8,24-26,
30,33,35
29-31
2-8,24,27-29,
31,33,35-36
43-46
49-50
197
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Regional Office
Cooperating State> Agencies
Current Employment Statistics (CES) and State and Loca 1 Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Programs
BLS
ftogton
REGION I-BOSTON
1 Congress Street
10th Floor
Boston MA 02114
Phone (617) 565 2327
REGION II—NEW YORK
Room 808
201 Vanck Street
New York, NY 10014
Phone (212) 337-2400
REGION III—PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street, 8th Floor
Gateway Building, Suite 8000
Philadelphia, PA 19104-3309
Phone:(215)596-1154
REGION IV-ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street. NE
Atlanta GA 30367
Phone (404) 347-4416
REGION V—CHICAGO
9th Floor
230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604
Phone (312) 353-1880
REGION VI-DALLAS
Room 221
Federal Building
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, TX 75202
Phone (214) 767-6970
REGIONS VII and VIII —
KANSAS CITY
City Center Square
1100 Main. Suite 600
Kansas City. MO 64105-2112
Phone:(816)426-2481
REGIONS IX and X—
SAN FRANCISCO
71 Stevenson Street
PO Box 193766
San Francisco. CA 94119
Phone (415) 744-6600
IV
ALABAMA
X
ALASKA
Department of Industrial Relations, Room 427,
Industrial Relations Bldg . Montgomery 36130
Department of Labor. Research and Analysis
Secuun, 1111 West 8th St.. Juneau 99802-5501
Department of Economic Security, 1300 West
IX ARIZONA
Washington St., Phoenix 85005
VI ARKANSAS
Employment Security DepartmentPO Box 2981, Little Rock 72203-2981
Employment Development Department, EmployIX CALIFORNIA
ment Data and Research Division, 7000
Franklin Blvd , Bldg 1100, Sacramento 95823
Department of Labor and Employment, Suite
VII COLORADO
801, 1120 Lincoln Street, Denver 80203
I
CONNECTICUT
Labor Department, Employment Security
Division, 200 Folly Brook Blvd.
Wethersfield 06109
III DELAWARE
Department of Labor. Office of Occupational
and Labor Market Information, PO Box 9029,
Newark 19714-9029
III DIST OF COL
Department of Employment Services. Division
ot Labor Market Information and Analysis,
Room 201, 500 C St.. NW , Washington.
DC 20001
IV FLORIDA
Florida Department of Labor and Employment
Security, Bureau of Labor Market Information,
Suite 203, 2574 Seagate Dr. Tallahassee
32399-0674
IV GEORGIA
Department of Labor, Labor Information
Systems, 148 International Blvd , NE ,
Atlanta 30303
IX HAWAII
Department of Labor and Industrial Relations,
Research and Statistcs Office, Room 304.
830 Punchbowl St.. Honolulu 96813
X IDAHO
Department of Employment, 317 Mam St ,
Boise 83735
V ILLINOIS
Department of Employment Security, (2 South)
401 South State St.. Chicago 60605
V INDIANA
Department of Employment and Training
Services, Statistical Services Division,
10 North Senate Avenue,
Indianapolis 46204
VII IOWA
Department of Employment Services, 1000 East
Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
VII KANSAS
Department of Human Resources. 401 Topeka
Avenue, Topeka 66603
IV KENTUCKY
Department for Employment Services, Labor
Market Research and Analysis Branch,
275 East Main St.. Frankfort 40621
VI LOUISIANA
Department of Labor, Research and Statistics
Section, 1001 North 23rd St.. Baton Rouge
70804-9094
I
MAINE
Department of Labor, Division of Economic
Analysis and Research, 20 Union St..
Augusta 04330
III MARYLAND
Department of Employment and Training,
Research and Analysis Division, 1100 North
Eutaw St.. Baltimore 21201
I
MASSACHUSETTS Department of Employment and Training.
Government Center, Charles F Hurley Bldg .
Boston 02114
V MICHIGAN
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Statistics Division, Room 516, 7310
Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
V MINNESOTA
Department of Jobs and Training, Research
and Statistics Division, 5th Fl , 390 North
Robert St.. St. Paul 55101
IV MISSISSIPPI
Employment Security Commission. Labor
Market Information Division. P.O. Box 1699.
Jackson 39215-1699
VII MISSOURI
Division of Employment Security. P.O. Box 59,
Jefferson City 65104
BLS
fleglon
VIII MONTANA
Department of Labor and Industry. P 0 Box
1728. Helena 59624
Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln
68509-4600
IX NEVADA
Employment Security Department, 500 East
3rd St.. Carson City 89713
I
NEW HAMPSHIRE Department of Employment Security. 32 South
Ma.n St , Concord 03301
II
NEW JERSEY
Department of Labor, Division of Planning and
Research PO Box 2765, Trenton 08625
VI NEW MEXICO
Employment Security Commission, 401 Broad
way, TIWA Bldg , Albuquerque 87103
II
NEW YORK
Department of Labor, Division of Research and
Statistics, State Campus, Room 400, Bldg 12
Albany 12240-0020
IV NORTH CAROLINA Employment Secucity Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Box 25903,
Raleigh 27611
VIII NORTH DAKOTA Job Service, PO Box 1537, Bismarck 58502
V OHIO
Bureau of Employment Services, Labor Market
Information Division. 1160 Dublin Rd ,
Columbus 43215
VI OKLAHOMA
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Planning Division, 2401 North Lincoln,
Oklahoma City 73105
X OREGON
Employment Division, 875 Union St, NE
Salem 97311
III PENNSYLVANIA
Bureau of Research and Statistics
300 Capitol Associates Building
Harrisburg, PA 17120-0034
II
PUERTO RICO
Department of Labor and Human Resources
Bureau of Labor Statistics, 17th Fl. 505 Munoz
Rivera Avenue, Hato Rey 00918 (CBS), Bureau
of Employment Security, Research and Analysis
Section, 15th Fl.. 505 Munoz Rivera Avenue.
Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
I
RHODE ISLAND
Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason
St Providence 02903
IV SOUTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Box 995,
Columbia 29202
VIII SOUTH DAKOTA Department of Labor, Labor Market Information
Center, P.O. Box 4730, Aberdeen 57401
IV TENNESSEE
Department of Employment Security, Research
and Statistics Division, 519 Cordell Hull Office
Bldg , Nashville 37219
v/l TEXAS
Employment Commission, Room 208 T, 1117
Trinity St., Austin 78778
VIII UTAH
Department of Employment Security, Labor
Market Information Services, P.O. Box 11249.
Salt Lake City 84147
I
VERMONT
Department of Employment and Training, Office
of Policy and Public Information, P.O. Box 488,
Montpelier 05602
III VIRGINIA
Employment Commission. Economic Information
Services, PO Box 1358. Richmond 23211
II
VIRGIN ISLANDS Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics,
53-A, 54-A&B Kronpnndsens Gade Charlotte
Amalie, St Thomas 00801-3359 (CES)
X WASHINGTON
Employment Security Department, Labor Market
and Economic Analysis Branch, 605 Wood view
Dr.. CHympia 98503
III WEST VIRGINIA
Department of Employment Security, Division
of Labor and Economic Security, 112 California
Avenue, Charleston 25305
V WISCONSIN
Department of Industry, Labor, and Human
Relations, Labor Market Information Bureau,
201 East Washington Avenue. Madison 53707
VIII WYOMING
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Analysis Section, P.O. Box 2760,
Casper 82602
VII NEBRASKA
@FedFRASER