Full text of Employment and Earnings : October 1993

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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
October 1993




in this issue: Third quarter 1993
averages for household
survey data

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Robert B. Reich, Secretary

October 1993
Vol. 40 No. 10

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Calendar of Features

E&E— Employment and Earnings (ISSN 0013-6840), is
prepared in the Office of Employment and Unemployment
Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications
and Special Studies. The data are collected by the Bureau
of the Census (Department of Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief description of the cooperative statistical programs of the BLS with these agencies is
presented in the Explanatory Notes. The State agencies are
listed on the inside back cover.

In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
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should be directed as follows: Household data, (202)
606-6373 or 6378; national establishment data, 606-6555;
State and area establishment data, 606-6559; productivity
data, 606-5606; and State and area labor force data,
606-6392.

Household data
Annual averages

Jan.

Union affiliation

Jan.

Earnings by detailed occupation

Jan.

Employee absences

Jan.

Revised seasonally adjusted series
Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons
not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin,
Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans, family
relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty
area data

Material in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission.




Jan., Apr., July, Oct.

Establishment data
National annual averages:
Industry divisions (preliminary)

Second class postage paid at Washington, DC, and at additional mailing addresses.
Information in this publication will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone
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Jan., Feb.

Jan.

Industry detail

Mar., June

Women employees

Mar., June

National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and
new seasonal adjustment factors
Revised historical national data

June
Bulletin 1

State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

May

State and area labor force data
Annual averages

1

The mostrecentpublication was issued in August 1993.

May

Employment and Earnings
Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Eugene H. Becker

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Employment and unemployment developments, September 1993

2
5

Statistical tables:

HistoricalHousehold data
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings

7
79
125

Not seasonally adjusted—
Household data
Quarterly averages:
Establishment data:
Employment:
National
State and area
Hours and earnings:
National
State and area
State and area labor force data

10
57

80
106
128
154
170

Seasonally adjusted—
Household data
Quarterly averages
Establishment data:
Employment:
National
State
Hours and earnings
Productivity data
Regional labor force data
State labor force data
Explanatory notes




37
46

93
98
151
159
163
165
176

Monthly Household Data

Page

Employment Status
A-l.
A-2.
A-3.
A-4.
A-5.
' A-6.
A-7.
A-8.
A-9.
A-10.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1960 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1982 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1960 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school
enrollment, educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
Employment status of persons in families by family relationship

7
8
9
10
13
14
15
17
18
19

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-l 1.
A-12.
A-13.
A-l4.
A-l5.
A-16.
A - l 7.
A-l 8.
A-l 9.
A-20.

Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used

20
21
22
23
24
24
25
26
27
27

Characteristics of the Employed
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.

Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
Employed civilians by industry and occupation
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status

28
29
30
31
32
32
33
33
34
35
36

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data




A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed in the
United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic
origin, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted

37
38
39
41
42
42
43
44
45
45

Quarterly Household Data

Page

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-42.
A-43.
A-44.
A-45.
A-46.
A-47.
A-48.
A-49.
A-50.
A-51.
A-52.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Aimed Forces stationed in the
United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin,
seasonally adjusted
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted

46
47
48
50
51
52
52
53
54
55
55

Persons Not In the Labor Force
A-53.
A-54.
A-55.
A-56.
A-57.

Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and race, seasonally adjusted
Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and age
Persons not in the labor force by reason, race, Hispanic origin, age, and sex
Persons not in the labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by reason, sex, age,
race, and Hispanic origin
Work-seeking intentions of persons not in the labor force and work history of those who intend to
seek work within the next 12 months by sex, age, and race

56
57
58
59
60

Race and Hispanic-Origin Data
A-58.
A-59.
A-60.
A-61.
A-62.
A-63.
A-64.
A-65.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic
origin
Employment status of civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by sex and age
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and
economic categories
Employed civilians by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin

61
62
63
64
65
65
66
66

Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans Data
A-66.
A-67.

Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin

67
67

Family Relationship and Weekly Earnings Data
A-68.
A-69.
A-70.
A-71.
A-72.
A-73.
A-74.
A-75.

Unemployment in families by type of family, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Unemployed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Employed civilians by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Median weekly earnings of families by type of family, number of earners, race, and Hispanic origin
Families with unemployed members and wage and salary workers by type of family and median
weekly earnings
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex

68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75

Metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and Poverty-nonpoverty Area Data
A-76.
A-77.




Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan, urban,
and rural areas by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race
and Hispanic origin

76
78

Monthly Establishment Data
Page

Employment-National
B-l.
B-2.
B-3.
B-4.
B-5.
B-6.
B-7.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1942 to date
Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

79
80
92
93
95
96
97

Employment-States and Areas
B-8.
B-9.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted
Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

98
106

Hours and Earnings-National
C-l.

Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by detailed industry
C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles
(SIC 3761) manufacturing
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
C-7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls, seasonally adjusted

125
128
148
149
150
151
152
153

Hours and Earnings-States and Areas
C-8.

Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and
selected areas

154

Productivity Data
C-9.
C-10.
C-l 1.

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry,
seasonally adjusted
Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates

159
160
161

Monthly Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data




D-l.
D-2.
D-3.

Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted
Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted
Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas

163
165
170

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, September 1993

Nonfarm payroll employment rose moderately in September and the unemployment rate remained at its August level
of 6.7 percent. The Nation's jobless rate has shown some
improvement in recent months, having edged down from the
average of 7.0 percent in thefirsthalf of this year.
The number of payroll jobs, as measured by the survey of
business establishments, rose by 156,000 in September,
following little change in August. Total employment, as
estimated from the household survey, showed a decline in
September, but this followed a very large increase in the prior
month.
Unemployment
The number of unemployed persons (8.5 million) continued to edge down in September, while the unemployment
rate was unchanged at 6.7 percent. Since June 1992, when
unemployment peaked at 9.8 million, the number of jobless
persons has decreased by 1.3 million and the rate has declined by a full percentage point.
There was little or no change over the month in the
unemployment rates for the major demographic groups.
Rates for adult men (6.3 percent), adult women (5.7 percent),
teenagers (17.4 percent), whites (5.8 percent), blacks (12.6
percent), and Hispanics (9.7 percent) remained at or near
their August levels. At 35.7 percent in September, the rate for
black teenagers, which had declined in both July and August,
edged back up to the July level. (See tables A-33 and A-34.)
The number of unemployed persons who had lost their last
jobs—including those on temporary layoff who were
expecting recall—declined by 217,000 over the month to 4.7
million. Since the June 1992 peak in unemployment, this
measure has fallen by about 800,000. (See table A-41.)
Total employment and the labor force
Total employment showed a decline of 253,000 in
September to 119.5 million, but this followed a substantial
increase (409,000) in August. Since September 1992, the
number of employed persons has grown by 1.8 million. The
percentage of the total civilian population with jobs—the
employment-population ratio—slipped 0.2 percentage point
over the month to 61.6 percent but is still higher than a year
earlier. (See table A-33.)
At 128.0 million in September, the civilian labor force declined by 395,000, more than offsetting a gain of about
300,000 in August. Reflecting this decline, the civilian labor




force participation rate fell by 0.2 percentage point to 66.0
percent. Over the past year, the labor force has increased by
only 800,000. (See table A-33.)
Discouraged workers
The number of discouraged workers—persons who want
to work but are not looking because they believe they cannot
find a job—was 1.1 million in the third quarter of 1993,
about in line with the levels that prevailed over the past 2
years. (See table A-53.)
Industry payroll employment
Nonfarm payroll employment increased by 156,000 to
110.5 million in September, with the gain being about the
same as the average monthly increase so far in 1993. There
were modest gains in most industries, with the notable exception of manufacturing. (See table B-4.)
Manufacturing employment edged down by 18,000 in
September and has declined by 260,000 since February. The
over-the-month decline was concentrated among the nondurable goods industries, an unusual occurrence. Within these
industries, job losses took place in food processing, apparel,
printing and publishing, and rubber and plastics. In durable
goods, on the other hand, transportation equipment had its
smallest drop in 8 months, and employment in electronic
equipment and fabricated metals, which had been decreasing
for the past several months, was unchanged. Employment in
instruments and related products, however, continued its
pattern of large declines.
Construction employment was little changed in September. Since its low point a year earlier, however, this industry
has added about 150,000 jobs. The number of employees on
mining payrolls increased by 5,000 over the month, partially
reflecting the return of striking workers in metal mining.
Within the service-producing sector, retail trade employment increased by 41,000 in September, returning to its pattern of fairly robust employment increases that have totaled
450,000 over the past year. Much of the strength in that industry continued to come from eating and drinking places.
Employment in transportation and public utilities increased
for the first time in 6 months, expanding by 12,000 in September. Finance, insurance, and real estate employment rose
by 10,000, concentrated in financial institutions. Buoyed by
low interest rates, employment in mortgage banking and security brokerage firms has accounted for most of the growth
infinanceover the past year. Local government employment

increased by 54,000 over the month, following 2 months of
decline.
Service employment rose by a modest 27,000 in September. The number of jobs in health services continued to
increase, but there was an uncharacteristically small rise in
business services that reflected some weakness in the
personnel supply component. Employment in amusement
and recreation and in social services, which had exceptional
gains earlier in the year, retreated in September.

Weekly hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls decreased by 0.3 hour in
September to 34.4 hours, reversing gains in the prior 2
months. Manufacturing weekly and overtime hours remained at very high levels, 41.4 and 4.1 hours, respectively,
and have varied only slightly during 1993. (See table C-5.)

The index of aggregate weekly hours of private nonfarm
production or nonsupervisory workers was down over the
month by 0.8 percent to 123.8 (1982=100), seasonally
adjusted. The manufacturing index was down slightly to
100.7. (See table C-6.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of private production or nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls were unchanged in
September at $10.86, seasonally adjusted, following an increase in August. Average weekly earnings declined 0.9 percent to $373.58 in September, reflecting the decline in the
workweek. Prior to seasonal adjustment, average hourly
earnings rose 12 cents to $10.90, but, because of a large overthe-month reduction in the workweek (0.6 hour), average
weekly earnings decreased $2.33 to $376.05. Over the year,
average hourly and weekly earnings increased 2.3 and 2.9
percent, respectively. (See tables C-l and C-7.)

Planned Changes for the Household Survey Data
Beginning in 1994, with the release of data for January, estimates from the Current Population Survey (household survey) will reflect
the results of a major redesign of the survey. The redesign is being undertaken to obtain more accurate and comprehensive information on
the labor force. As part of this effort, the survey questionnaire is being revamped to include many new and revised questions regarding
individuals' employment and unemployment activities, and a fully automated data collection environment is being introduced.
Work on the redesign began in the late 1980's. The new questionnaire is being tested for an 18-month period, July 1992-December
1993, in a separate national sample survey of about 13,000 households to gauge die effects of both the new questions and the automated
datacollectionproceduresonthelaborforcee^
ber; a comprehensive examination will be published in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.
The redesign will necessitate changes in the presentation of household survey data. Several new series will be created; others will
no longer be published. Coincident with the introduction of the results of the redesign, several organizational changes will be implemented, effective with the February 1994 issue. These include expanded tables of contents and the addition of summary tables, charts, and a
tabular index. Moreover, seasonally adjusted data will be presented before the not seasonally adjusted data, and the current B and C tables
will be merged as B tables. It is anticipated that these changes will facilitate data location and make Employment and Earnings more "user
friendly."




Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the following dates:
Reference month

Release date

Reference month

Release date

October

November 5

January

February 4

November

December 3

February

March 4

December

January 7

March

Aprill

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1960 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Year
and
month

Noninstitutional
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Unemployed
Civilian

Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages

I9601 ..
1961 ...
19621 ..
1963 ...
1964 ...
1965 ...
1966 ...
1967 ...
1968 ...
1969 ...

119,106
120,671
122,214
124,422
126,503
128,459
130,180
132,092
134,281
136,573

71,489
72,359
72,675
73,839
75,109
76,401
77,892
79,565
80,990
82,972

60.0
60.0
59.5
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.8
60.2
60.3
60.8

67,639
67,646
68,763
69,768
71,323
73,034
75,017
76,590
78,173
80,140

1,861
1,900
2,061
2,006
2,018
1,946
2,122
2,218
2,253
2,238

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.4
6.5
5.4
5.5
5.0
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.4

47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602

1970 ...
1971 ...
19721 ..
19731 ..
1974 ...
1975 ...
1976 ...
1977 ...
19781 ..
1979 ...

139,203
142,189
145,939
148,870
151,841
154,831
157,818
160,689
163,541
166,460

84,889
86,355
88,847
91,203
93,670
95,453
97,826
100,665
103,882
106,559

61.0
60.7
60.9
61.3
61.7
61.6
62.0
62.6
63.5
64.0

80,796
81,340
83,966
86,838
88,515
87,524
90,420
93,673
97,679
100,421

2,118
1,973
1,813
1,774
1,721
1,678
1,668
1,656
1,631
1,597

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.8

8.3
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8

54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900

1980 ...
1981 ...
1982 ...
1983 ...
1984 ...
1985 ...
19861 ..
1987 ...
1988 ...
1989 ...

169,349
171,775
173,939
175,891
178,080
179,912
182,293
184,490
186,322
188,081

108,544
110,315
111,872
113,226
115,241
117,167
119,540
121,602
123,378
125,557

64.1
64.2
64.3
64.4
64.7
65.1
65.6
65.9
66.2
66.8

100,907
102,042
101,194
102,510
106,702
108,856
111,303
114,177
116,677
119,030

1,604
1,645
1,668
1,676
1,697
1,706
1,706
1,737
1,709
1,688

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169
3,199

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434
109,232
111,800
114,142

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528

7.0
7.5
9.5
9.5
7.4
7.1
6.9
6.1
5.4
5.2

60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
62,888
62,944
62,523

1990 ...
1991 ...
1992 ...

189,686
191,329
193,142

126,424
126,867
128,548

66.6
66.3
66.6

119,550
118,440
119,164

1,637
1,564
1,566

117,914
116,877
117,598

3,186
3,233
3,207

114,728
113,644
114,391

6,874
8,426
9,384

5.4
6.6
7.3

63,262
64,462
64,593

7.4
7.3

64,673
65,065
64,951
64,918

5.8
5.5
4.8
5.5

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1992:
September
October....
November
December

193,513
193,683
193,847
194,026

128,840
128,618
128,896
129,108

66.6
66.4
66.5
66.5

119,290
119,239
119,595
119,828

1,566
1,552
1,531
1,517

117,724
117,687
118,064
118,311

3,221
3,169
3,209
3,262

114,503
114,518
114,855
115,049

9,550
9,379
9,301
9,280

194,159
194,298
194,456
194,618
194,767
194,933
195,104
195,275
195,453

128,598
128,839
128,926
128,833
129,615
129,604
129,541
129,852
129,457

66.2
66.3
66.3
66.2
66.5
66.5
66.4
66.5
66.2

119,586
119,963
120,062
119,908
120,757
120,696
120,772
121,192
120,939

1,515
1,512
1,497
1,492
1,484
1,477
1,471
1,482
1,482

118,071
118,451
118,565
118,416
119,273
119,219
119,301
119,710
119,457

3,191
3,116
3,082
3,060
3,070
3,024
3,039
2,980
3,095

114,879
115,335
115,483
115,356
116,203
116,195
116,262
116,729
116,362

9,013
8,876
8,864
8,925
8,858
8,908
8,769
8,661
8,517

1993:
January ....
February...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for




7.2
7.2
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.9
6.8

6.9
6.8
6.7
6.6

65,561
65,459
65,530
65,785
65,152
65,329
65,563
65,423
65,996

seasonal variation.
NOTE: Revisions of seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data
(shown in tables A-1 through A-3 and A-32 through A-53) for the most
recent 5-year period are made at the end of each calendar year.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1982 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force

and month

Noninstitutional
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Unemployed
Civiliar

Total

Agriculture

Percent
Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Not in
labor
force

labor
force

Annual averages
MEN
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

83,052
84,064
85,156
86,025
87,349
88,476
89,404
90,283

63,979
64,580
65,386
65,967
66,973
67,784
68,474
69,360

77.0
76.8
76.8
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.6
76.8

57,800
58,320
60,642
61,447
62,443
63,684
64,820
65,835

1,529
1,533
1,551
1,556
1,551
1,577
1,547
1,520

56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892
62,107
63,273
64,315

2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511
2,543
2,493
2,513

53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381
59,564
60,780
61,802

6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530
4,101
3,655
3,525

9.7
9.7
7.3
6.9
6.8
6.1
5.3
5.1

19,073
19,484
19 771
20,058
20,376
20 692
20,930
20,923

1990
1991
1992

91,122
91,951
92,945

69,705
69,810
70,588

76.5
75.9
75.9

65,906
64,992
65,209

1,472
1,399
1,404

64,435
63,593
63,805

2,507
2,552
2,534

61,928
61,041
61,270

3,799
4,817
5,380

5.4
6.9
7.6

21,417
22,141
22,356

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1992:
September
October
November
December

93,146
93,238
93,324
93,420

70,860
70,728
70,708
70,754

76.1
75.9
75.8
75.7

65,383
65,318
65,416
65,554

1,407
1,394
1,373
1,360

63,976
63,924
64,043
64,194

2,573
2,550
2,541
2,593

61,403
61,374
61,502
61,601

5,477
5,410
5,292
5,200

7.7
7.6
7.5
7.3

22,286
22,510
22,616
22,666

1993:
January
February
March
April
May
June
Julv
August
September

93,488
93,563
93,646
93,731
93,809
93,896
93,986
94,076
94,169

70,473
70,690
70,835
70,773
71,047
71,082
71,056
71,259
70,872

75.4
75.6
75.6
75.5
75.7
75.7
75.6
75.7
75.3

65,544
65,693
65,674
65,694
66,056
66,006
65,999
66,265
66,033

1,358
1,355
1,342
1,338
1,330
1,323
1,317
1,327
1,326

64,186
64,338
64,332
64,356
64,726
64,683
64,682
64,938
64,707

2,534
2,521
2,434
2,462
2,450
2,396
2,381
2,321
2,461

61,651
61,817
61,899
61,893
62,276
62,288
62,301
62,616
62,246

4,929
4,997
5,160
5,079
4,992
5,075
5,057
4,994
4,839

7.0
7.1
7.3
7.2
7.0
7.1
7.1
7.0
6.8

23,015
22,873
22,811
22,958
22,762
22,814
22,930
22,817
23,297

Annual averages
WOMEN
1982.
1983
1984
1985
1986
19861
1988
1989

90,887
91,827
92,924
93,886
94,944
96,013
96,918
97,798

47,894
48,646
49,855
51,200
52,568
53,818
54,904
56,198

52.7
53.0
53.7
54.5
55.4
56.1
56.6
57.5

43,395
44,190
46,061
47,409
48,861
50,494
51,858
53,195

139
143
146
150
155
160
162
168

43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706
50,334
51,696
53,027

665
680
653
644
652
666
676
687

42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054
49,668
51,020
52,341

4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707
3,324
3,046
3,003

9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.5
5.3

42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376
42,195
42,014
41,601

1990
1991
1992

98,564
99,378
100,197

56,719
57,057
57,960

57.5
57.4
57.8

53,644
53,448
53,955

165
164
162

53,479
53,284
53,793

679
682
673

52,800
52,602
53,121

3,075
3,609
4,005

5.4
6.3
6.9

41,845
42,321
42,237

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1992:
September
October
November
December

100,367
100,445
100,523
100,606

57,980
57,890
58,188
58,354

57.8
57.6
57.9
58.0

53,907
53,921
54,179
54,274

159
158
158
157

53,748
53,763
54,021
54,117

648
619
668
669

53,100
53,144
53,353
53,448

4,073
3,969
4,009
4,080

7.0
6.9
6.9
7.0

42,387
42,555
42,335
42,252

1993:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
SeDtember

100,671
100,734
100,809
100,887
100,959
101,037
101,119
101,199
101,284

58,125
58,149
58,091
58,061
58,567
58,522
58,485
58,594
58,585

57.7
57.7
57.6
57.6
58.0
57.9
57.8
57.9
57.8

54,042
54,271
54,388
54,214
54,701
54,689
54,772
54,927
54,906

157
157
155
154
154
154
154
155
156

53,885
54,114
54,233
54,060
54,547
54,535
54,618
54,772
54,750

657
596
649
598
620
628
658
659
634

53,228
53,518
53,584
53,462
53,927
53,908
53,960
54,113
54,116

4,083
3,879
3,704
3,846
3,866
3,833
3,712
3,667
3,678

7.0
6.7
6.4
6.6
6.6
6.5
6.3
6.3
6.3

42,546
42,585
42,718
42,826
42,392
42,515
42,634
42,605
42,699

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.




The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1960 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Year
and
month

Civilian labor force
Total

Percent of
population

Employed

Unemployment rates
Unemployed

Total

Men

Women

Annual averages
I960 1
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8

5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7

1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1

5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613
186,393

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9
66.5

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3

6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9
6.2
5.5
5.2

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.6
5.4

1990
1991
1992

188,049
189,765
191,576

124,787
125,303
126,982

66.4
66.0
66.3

117,914
116,877
117,598

6,874
8,426
9,384

5.5
6.7
7.4

5.6
7.0
7.8

5.4
6.3
6.9

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1992:
SeDtember
October
November
December
1993:
January
Februarv
March
April
May
June
July
August
SeDtember

..

191,947
192,131
192,316
192,509

127,274
127,066
127,365
127,591

66.3
66.1
66.2
66.3

117,724
117,687
118,064
118,311

9,550
9,379
9,301
9,280

7.5
7.4
7.3
7.3

7.9
7.8
7.6
7.5

7.0
6.9
6.9
7.0

192,644
192,786
192,959
193,126
193,283
193,456
193,633
193,793
193,971

127,083
127,327
127,429
127,341
128,131
128,127
128,070
128,370
127,975

66.0
66.0
66.0
65.9
66.3
66.2
66.1
66.2
66.0

118,071
118,451
118,565
118,416
119,273
119,219
119,301
119,710
119,457

9,013
8,876
8,864
8,925
8,858
8,908
8,769
8,661
8,517

7.1
7.0
7.0
7.0
6.9
7.0
6.8
6.7
6.7

7.1
7.2
7.4
7.3
7.2
7.3
7.3
7.1
7.0

7.0
6.7
6.4
66
6.6
66
6.4
6.3
6.3

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the




Explanatory Notes.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race

(Numbers in thousands)
September 1993
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over .

193,971
13,321
6,724
6,596
17,515
110,826
41,175
19,083
22.092
40,551
21,565
18,986
29,101
16,127
12,973
21,055
10,818
10,237
31,254
10,029
8,574
12,651

127,858
6,493
2,542

92,843
6,768
3,453
3,316
8,569

69,493
3,393

3,952
13.291
92,638
34,382

15,896
18,486
34,448
18,207

16,241
23,808

13,574
10,233
11,823
7,223
4,600

3,613
2,051
964
598

65.9
48.7
37.8
59.9
75.9
83.6
83.5
83.3
83.7
84.9
84.4
85.5
81.8
84.2
78.9
56.2
66.8
44.9
11.6
20.5
11.2
4.7

119,730
5,343
2.090
3,253
11,997
87,644
32,152
14,745
17,407
32.772
17.223
15,549
22.721
12,955

8.128
1,150
451
699
1.293

4.993
2.231
1,151
1,080
1,676
984

692
1,086

1,978

619
467
573
337
235
119
73

943
574

21
24

74.8
50.1
38.2
62.6
82.2
92.6
93.3
92.8
93.7
93.4
93.5
93.2
90.6
92.0
88.8
65.7
77.2
53.3
16.1
25.6
15.7
7.3

65,159
2,761
1,069
1,692
6,326
47,823
17,835
8,162
9,673
17,746
9.434
8.312

4.334
632
249

57.7
47.3
37.4
57.2
69.9
74.9
74.0
74.1
73.9
76.8
75.6
78.1
73.5
76.7
69.6
47.6
57.2
37.5
8.3
16.1
7.8
3.2

54,571
2,582
1,021
1,561
5,672
39,821
14,317
6,583
7,734
15,026
7,789
7,237
10,479
5,995
4,484
5,038

3,794
518
202

3,096

139
89
42
20
12
9

9,766
11,250
6,886
4,365

3,495

6.4
17.7
17.8
17.7
9.7
5.4
6.5
7.2
5.8
4.9
5.4
4.3
4.6
4.6
4.6
4.8
4.7
5.1
3.3
3.6
2.2
4.1

66,113
6,827
4,182
2,645
4,224
18,189
6,792
3,187
3,606
6,103
3,358
2,745
5,293
2.553
2,740
9,232
3,595
5,637
27,641
7,978
7,610
12,053

23,739
366
93
273
1,314

6.2
18.6
18.9
18.5
10.2
5.1
5.8
6.3
5.5
4.7
5.1
4.2
4.5
4.2
5.0
5.2
5.0
5.7
3.6
4.5
1.5
4.4

23,350
3,375
2.134

6.5
16.7
16.5
16.8
9.2
5.7
7.3
8.4
6.3
5.0
5.7
4.3
4.6
5.0
4.0
4.3
4.3
4.4
2.8
2.3
3.3
3.6

42,763
3,452
2,049
1,404
2,697
14,168
5,426
2,509
2,918
4,784
2,668
2,116
3,957
1,920
2,037
5,804
2,421
3,383

9,285
5,835
3,865
1,970
2,072
1,336
839
488
352
358
227
131
139
104
35
29
16
12
13
8
1
4

4,336
28
9
19
104
2,043
421
175
246
750
371
380
873
420
452
909
497
412
1,251
293
253
705

28,753
598
215
383
734
3,966
1,315
602
713
1,285
691
595
1,366
581
785
4,701
1,412
3,288
18,755
5,325
5,306
8,123

603
22
5
17
41
305
115
46
69
116
73
44
74
35
39
61
27
34
173
58
48
67

4,530
3,003
2,012
991
1,012
504
364
224
140
100
64
36
40
28
11
8
7
1
4
4

2,427
19
5
13
72
1,310
276
113
163
482
248
234
552
284
268
533
300
232
493
159
111
223

15,791
331
112
220
403
1,902
611
295
316
621
306
315
670
286
384
2,826
840
1,986
10,329
3,193
3,018
4,117

23,137
344
88
256
1,273
10,538
4,103
1,876
2,226
3,593
1,997
1,597
2,842
1,413
1,429
3,533
1,643
1,890
7,449
2,293
2,001
3,155

4,755
2,833
1,853
979
1,060
832
475
263
212
258
164
95
99
75
23
21
10
11
9
4
1
4

1,909
10
4
5
32
733
144
62
83
268
122
146
321
137
184
376
197
180
758
134
142
482

12,962
267
103
163
331
2,064
704
307
397
664
385
279
696
295
401
1,874
572
1,302
8,426
2,132
2,288
4,006

10,843
4.218
1,923
2,295
3,710
2,069
1,640
2,916
1,448
1,468
3,594
1,670
1,924
7,622
2,352
2,049
3,222

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years

70 to 74 years
75 years and over

54,409
20,306
9,387
10,919
19,943
10,634

9,309
14,160
7,895
6,265
9,984

5,162
4,822
13,113

4,592
3,769
4,753

1,319
2,074
7,042
50,388
18,940
8,709
10,231
18,623

9,943
8,680
12,825
7,262

5,563
6,556
3,988
2,568
2,114
1,177
592
345

12,242
6,960
5,282

6.212
3,790
2.422
2,037
1,124
583
330

383
716

2,565
1,105
547
558
877

509
368
583
302
281
344
198

146
77
53
9

15

1.241

1,527
4,021
1,366
678
688
1.319

690
629
1,336

633
702
3,428
1,174
2,254
10,999
3,415

3,177
4,407

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over....
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

10



101,128
6,552
3,272
3,281
8,946

56,417
20,868

9,696
11,173

20,609
10,931

9,677
14,940
8,232
6,708
11,071
5,656
5,415
18,142
5,437
4,806

7,899

58.365
3,100
1,223
1,877
6,249
42,250
15,442
7,187
8,255
15,825
8,264
7,561
10,983
6,313
4,670

5,267
3,235
2,032
1,499
874
373
253

1,943
1.458
854
360
243

316
577
2,428
1,125
604
522

799
475
324
504
317
186

229

16,642
4,563
4,433
7,646

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)
September 1993
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

164,190

10,614
5,370
5,243
14,215
93,308
34,178
15,728
18,449

34,193
18,083
16,110

24,937

109,247
5,603
2,271
3,332
11,157
78,870
28,892

13,340
15,552

29,316
15,431
13,886
20,662

13,808
11,129
18,163
9,282
8,881
27,891
8,864
7,610
11,417

11,763

79,230
5,391
2,753
2,638
7,014
46,379

60,031
2,910
1,167
1,743
5,892

17,075
7,836
9,239

16,131
7,389
8,742
16,106
8,565
7,540
11,259
6,347
4,912

8,899
10,334

6,281
4,053
3,282
1,842
890
550

66.5
52.8
42.3
63.6
78.5
84.5
84.5
84.8
84.3
85.7
85.3
86.2
82.9
85.2
80.0
56.9
67.7
45.6
11.8
20.8
11.7
4.8

103,164
4,753
1,895
2,858
10,234
75,126
27,318

- 12,514
14,804

27,999
14,662
13,336
19,810
11,288
8,521
9,870

6,012
3,858

3,181
1,780
870
531

6,082
850
376
474
923
3,743
1,573
826
747
1,317
768

549
853
475
378

465
269
196
101
62
20
19

5.6
15.2
16.5
14.2
8.3
4.7
5.4
6.2
4.8
4.5
5.0
4.0
4.1
4.0
4.2
4.5
4.3
4.8
3.1
3.4
2.2
3.5

54,944
5,010
3,100
1,911
3,058
14,438
5,286
2,388
2,898
4,877
2,653
2,224
4,275
2,045
2,231
7,829
3,001
4,828

24,609
7,022
6,720
10,866

20,187
267
73
194
959
8,962
3,422
1,514
1,908
3,073
1,686
1,387
2,467
1,216
1,251
3,098
1,435
1,663
6,900
2,090
1,858
2,951

6,872
4,328
2,882
1,447
1,555
960
570
316
254
281
175
105
109
81
29
22
12
10
6
5
1
1

3,202
21
7
14
70
1,454
275
104
172
547
272
275
632
298
334
654
347
306
1,003
225
202
575

24,684
394
137
256
473
3,062
1,019
454
565
976
519
457
1,067
450
617
4,055
1,206
2,849
16,700
4,702
4,658
7,340

3,377
2,224
1,499
725
801
343
250
149
101
69
43
26
24
17
7
7
5
1
2
2

1,777
15
5
10
44
921
183
67
116
348
177
170
391
195
196
392
211
181
404
129
89
187

13,635
225
77
148
258
1,415
443
205
238
446
219
227
526
224
302
2,465
731
1.734
9,272
2,827
2,691
3,754

3,495
2,104
1,383
722
753
617
320
167
153
212
M33
79
85
64
22
15
7
8
5
3
1
1

1,425
6
2
4
26
533
92
37
55
199
95
105
241
103
138
262
136
126
598
97
114
388

11,048
169
61
108
215
1,647
576
249
327
530
300
230
541
226
315
1,590
475
1,115
7,428
1,875
1,967
3,586

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

17,044
9,045
7,999
12,259
6,810
5,449
8,695
4,478
4,217

11,752
4,065
3,371
4,316

43,496

5,790
3,514
2,276
1,943
1,068
555

321

75.8
54.0
42.4
66.1
84.0
93.8
94.5
94.3
94.6
94.5
94.7
94.3
91.8
93.2
90.1
66.6
78.5
54.0
16.5
26.3
16.5
7.4

56,762
2,456
962
1,494
5,376
41,541
15,303
6,972
8,331
15,425
8,180
7,245
10,813
6,127

3,269
454
205
249
516
1,955
828
416
412
681
386

295
446
221

4,686

226

5,510
3,348
2,162
1,880
1,024

280
166
114
64
43
9
11

546
310

5.4
15.6
17.6
14.3
8.8
4.5
5.1
5.6
4.7
4.2
4.5
3.9
4.0
3.5
4.6
4.8
4.7
5.0
3.3
4.1
1.6
3.5

19,199

3,995

409
17
5
12
18
203
68
27
41
76
41
35
59
28
32
41
16
25
130
40
36
54

5.7
14.7
15.4
14.2
7.7
5.1
5.8
6.9
4.9
4.8
5.6
4.0
4.3
4.7
3.8
4.1
3.7
4.6
2.8
2.4
3.3
3.5

35,745
2,530
1,514
1,016
1,935
11,556
4,342
1,941
2,401
3,938
2,173
1,765
3,275
1,581
1,694
4,924
2,037
2,887
14,800
4,025
3,904
6,871

19,777
250
68
182
941
8,759
3,354
1,488
1,866
2,998
1,646
1,352
2,407
1,188
1,219
3,057
1,419
1,638
6,769
2,050
1,822
2,897

2,481
1,586
895

1,122
2,882
944
447

497
939
480

459
1,000
463
537
2,905
964
1,940
9,808

2,998
2,816

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over




84,961
5,223
2,617
2,605
7,201
46,930
17,103
7,892
9,210
17,149
9,038
8,111
12,678
6,997
5,681
9,468
4,805
4,664
16,139
4,799
4,239
7,101

49,215
2,693
1,104
1,590
5,266
35,374
12,760
5,951
6,809

13,210
6,865
6,345

9,403
5,416
3,987
4,544
2,767
1,777
1,339
774
335
230

57.9
51.6
42.2
61.0
73.1
75.4
74.6
75.4
73.9
77.0
76.0
78.2
74.2
77.4
70.2
48.0
57.6
38.1
8.3
16.1
7.9
3.2

46,402
2,297
933
1,364
4,858
33,585
12,015
5,541
6,474
12,574
6,483
6,091
8,997

5,162
3,835
4,360
2,664

1,696
1,301

756
324
222

2,813

396
170
225
407
1,788
745

410
335
637
383
254

406
254
152
184
103
81
37
18
11

11

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)
September 1993
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years

60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

22,408
2,116
1,064
1,051
2,477
12,939
5,317
2,558
2,758
4,650
2,548
2,102
2,973
1,628
1,345
2,196
1,158
1,038
2,681
888
789
1,004

13,954
700
217
483
1,655
10,229
4,226
1,975
2,251
3,759
2,050
1,709
2,245
1,274
971
1,111
697
414
259
165
56
37

62.3
33.1
20.4
46.0
66.8
79.1
79.5
77.2
81.6
80.8
80.5
81.3
75.5
78.2
72.2
50.6
60.2
39.9
9.7
18.6
7.1
3.7

12,268
443
148
296
1,335
9,223
3,659
1,693
1,966
3,482
1,890
1.593
2,081
1,180
902
1,021
637
385
246
155
56
35

1,686
257
69
188
321
1,007
567
283
284
276
160
116
164
94
70
89
60
29
12
10

12.1
36.7
32.0
38.8
19.4
9.8
13.4
14.3
12.6
7.3
7.8
6.8
7.3
7.4
7.2
8.1
8.7
7.0
4.7
6.0

8,455
1,416
848
568
821
2,710
1,091
583
508
891
498
393
728
355
373
1,086
461
624
2,422
722
733
967

2,511
77
13
64
272
1,273
576
308
268
424
259
165
273
131
142
341
161
180
548
173
160
215

1,682
1,163
769
394
318
194
140
83
58
40
21
18
14
12
1
2
2
1
5
2

995
8
3
5
29
508
125
68
58
178
83
96
204
105
99
226
133
94
224
60
46
119

3,266
168
63
105
202
735
248
124
124
250
135
114
237
106
130
516
166
350
1,645
488
527
630

10,118
1,061
547
514
1,144
5,835
2,423
1,168
1,255
2,093
1,150
942
1,319
732
587
988
523
465
1,090
410
321
359

6,900
381
118
263
875
4,959
2,113
1,000
1,113
1,783
987
796
1,063
602
461
556
346
210
130
85
26
19

68.2
35.9
21.6
51.1
76.5
85.0
87.2
85.6
88.7
85.2
85.8
84.5
80.6
82.2
78.5
56.2
66.1
45.1
11.9
20.6
8.2
5.2

6,027
224
78
146
701
4,473
1,877
890
988
1,626
894
731
970
554
417
508
320
188
121
77
27
17

873
157
40
117
174
485
236
110
126
158
93
65
92
48
44
48
26
22
9

12.7
41.2
33.7
44.5
19.9
9.8
11.1
11.0
11.3
8.8
9.4
8.1
8.7
8.0
9.6
8.6
7.6
10.3
7.1
9.4

3,218
680
429
251
269
876
310
168
141
310
163
146
256
130
126
432
177
255
960
326
295
340

166

770
584
399
184
118
64
45
27
18
14
5
9
6
4
2
1
1

556
4
4
24
326
78
43
35
118
60
58
130
74
56
127
81
46
74
24
19
31

1,727
87
30
57
111
393
142
79
63
142
70
72
109
47
62
287
88
200
848
286
265
297

12,290
1,054
517
537
1,332
7,105
2,894
1,390
1,504
2,557
1,397
1,160
1,654
896
758
1,208
635
573
1,590
All
468
645

7,054
319
99
220
780
5,270
2,113
976
1,137
1,975
1,063
913
1,182
672
510
555
351
204
129
81
30
19

57.4
30.3
19.1
41.0
58.6
74.2
73.0
70.2
75.6
77.3
76.0
78.7
71.5
74.9
67.4
45.9
55.3
35.6
8.1
16.9
6.4
2.9

6,241
219
69
150
634
4,749
1,782
803
979
1,857
995
862
1,111
626
485
513
317
197
126
79
30
17

812
100
30
70
146
521
331
173
159
119
67
51
71
46
25
42
34
7
3
2

11.5
31.3
29.9
32.0
18.8
9.9
15.7
17.7
14.0
6.0
6.3
5.6
6.0
6.8
5.0
7.5
9.7
3.7
2.4
2.3

1

0)

5,237
735
418
317
552
1,834
781
415
366
582
335
247
472
225
247
653
284
369
1,462
397
438
627

2.345
71
13
58
256
1,181
532
289
243
388
230
158
261
126
136
325
155
171
512
160
150
202

440
4
2
2
5
182
47
24
23
60
22
38
74
31
43
99
51
47
150
35
21
88

1,539
81
34
48
91
342
106
46
61
108
65
42
128
60
68
228
78
150
797
201
262
334

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

V)
V)

6
16
92
44
20
25
36
28
8
12
5
6
16
7
9
36
13
10
13

2
2

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over .

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

12




913
579
370
209
200
130
96
56
40
26
17
9
8
8
1
1
3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1993
Civilian labor force
Age and sex

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

29,781
2,707
1,354
1.353
3,300
17.518
6,997
3,354
3,643
6,358
3,482
2,876
4,163
2,320
1,844
2,892
1,536
1.357
3,364
1,165
964
1,234

18,612
890
271
619
2,133
13,768
5,491
2,556
2,935
5,132
2,776
2,356
3,145
1,811
1,334
1,489
942
547
331
210
74
48

62.5
32.9
20.0
45.8
64.7
78.6
78.5
76.2
80.6
80.7
79.7
81.9
75.5
78.1
72.4
51.5
61.3
40.3
9.8
18.0
7.7
3.8

16,566
590
195
395
1,763
12,518
4,834
2,231
2,602
4,773
2,560
2,213
2,912
1,667
1,245
1,381
874
507
314
198
73
42

233
19
11
8
20
159
69
29
39
53
39
14
38
15
22
23
16
7
12
9
4

13,614
1,377
700
677
1,555
8.030
3,231
1.551
1,680
2,898
1,588
1,310
1.901
1,085
817
1.290
685
605
1.361
526
398
437

9,462
483
152
332
1,150
6,892
2,809
1,320
1,489
2,517
1,378
1,140
1,565
915
651
766
474
292
171
110
37
24

69.5
35.1
21.7
48.9
73.9
85.8
86.9
85.1
88.6
86.9
86.7
87.0
82.3
84.3
79.7
59.4
69.3
48.2
12.5
20.8
9.2
5.6

8,397
305
108
198
950
6,282
2,532
1,189
1,342
2,321
1,254
1,067
1,429
833
596
702
442
260
157
100
37
21

16.167
1.330
654
676
1,745
9,488
3,766
1,803
1,962
3,460
1,893
1.567
2.262
1,235
1,027
1,603
851
752
2,003
639
566
798

9,150
407
119
288
984
6,876
2.682
1,236
1,446
2,614
1,399
1,216
1,580
897
683
723
468
255
160
100
37
23

56.6
30.6
18.2
42.6
56.4
72.5
71.2
68.5
73.7
75.6
73.9
77.6
69.8
72.6
66.5
45.1
54.9
34.0
8.0
15.7
6.6
2.9

8.169
285
87
197
814
6,236
2,302
1,042
1,260
2,452
1,306
1,146
1,482
833
649
679
432
247
156
98
36
22

Employed
Percent
of
population

Total

Unemployed

Not in
labor
force

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

16,333
571
184
387
1,743
12,359
4,765
2,202
2,563
4,720
2,522
2,198
2,874
1,651
1,223
1,358
858
500
301
189
69
43

2,046
300
76
225
370
1,250
657
325
332
359
216
143
234
144
89
108
68
40
18
11
1
5

11.0
33.7
27.9
36.3
17.3
9.1
12.0
12.7
11.3
7.0
7.8
6.1
7.4
8.0
6.7
7.3
7.2
7.3
5.3
5.5
(1)

214
17
10
8
20
147
65
27
38
49
35
14
33
14
19
19
13
6
11

8,182
288
98
190
930
6,135
2,467
1,163
1,304
2,272
1,219
1,053
1,396
819
577
683
429
254
146
92
33
21

1,065
178
44
134
200
610
277
131
146
197
124
73
136
81
55
64
32
32
13
10

11.3
36.8
29.0
40.4
17.4
8.9
9.9
9.9
9.8
7.8
9.0
6.4
8.7
8.9
8.4
8.3
6.8
10.9
7.8
8.7

4,152
894
548
346
405
1,139
422
231
191
381
211
170
336
170
166
524
210
313
1,190
417
361
412

19
1
1

8,150
283
86
197
813
6,224
2,298
1,039
1,259
2,448
1,302
1,146
1,478
832
645
674
428
246
155
97
36
22

980
122
32
91
170
640
380
194
186
162
92
70
98
63
34
44
36
8
4
2
1
1

10.7
30.1
26.6
31.5
17.3
9.3
14.2
15.7
12.9
6.2
6.6
5.8
6.2
7.0
5.0
6.1
7.7
3.2
2.6
1.9
(1)

7,017
923
535
388
761
2,612
1,084
568
516
845
495
351
682
339
344
880
383
496
1,842
539
529
775

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

.....

O

11,169
1,817
1,083
734
1,166
3,750
1,506
798
708
1,226
705
521
1,018
509
509
1,403
594
809
3,032
955
890
1,187

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

12
4
3
1
4
4
5
1
4
5
3
1
1
1

0

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands^
Men, 20 years and
over

Total
Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

191,947
127,044
66.2
117,953
3,367
114,587
9,090
7.2
64,904

193,971
127,858
65.9
119,730
3,249
116,481
8,128
6.4
66,113

85,075
65,776
77.3
61,638
2,519
59,119
4,137
6.3
19,299

86,075
66,100
76.8
62,398
2,407
59,990
3,702
5.6
19,975

93,703
54,732
58.4
51,141
624
50,517
3,591
6.6
38,972

94,575
55,265
58.4
51,989
623
51,366
3,276
5.9
39,310

13,169
6,536
49.6
5,174
224
4,950
1,362
20.8
6,633

13,321
6,493
48.7
5,343
219
5,124
1,150
17.7
6,827

162,891
108,450
66.6
101,597
3,087
98,510
6,853
6.3
54,441

164,190
109,247
66.5
103,164
3,016
100,148
6,082
5.6
54,944

73,169
56,890
77.8
53,687
2,295
51,392
3,204
5.6
16,278

73,839
57,121
77.4
54,306
2,211
52,096
2,815
4.9
16,718

79,233
45,992
58.0
43,312
578
42,734
2,680
5.8
33,241

79,738
46,522
58.3
44,105
605
43,499
2,418
5.2
33,216

10,490
5,567
53.1
4,598
214
4,384
969
17.4
4,922

10,614
5,603
52.8
4,753
200
4,553
850
15.2
5,010

22,027
13,963
63.4
12,105
194
11,911
1,857
13.3
8,064

22,408
13,954
6£.3
12,268
165
12,102
1,686
12.1
8,455

8,891
6,495
73.0
5,714
165
5,549
781
12.0
2,397

9,057
6,519
72.0
5,803
143
5,659
716
11.0
2,538

11,062
6,715
60.7
5,964
21
5,943
751
11.2
4,347

11,236
6,735
59.9
6,022
10
6,012
712
10.6
4,501

2,074
753
36.3
428
9
419
325
43.2
1,321

2,116
700
33.1
443
12
431
257
36.7
1,416

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1993
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Unemployed

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

15,145
10,089
5,055

7,025
4,100
2,925

46.4
40.6
57.9

6,074
3,394
2,680

1,195
352
843

4,879
3,042
1,837

951
705
245

120
59
62

831
647
184

13.5
17.2
8.4

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

7,105
8,040
6,943
1,097

2,695
4,330
3,395
935

37.9
53.9
48.9
85.3

2,194
3,880
3,016
865

156
1,039
508
531

2,038
2,841
2,508
333

501
450
379
71

54
66
38
28

448
383
341
42

18.6
10.4
11.2
7.5

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,580
5,128
2,452

3,454
2,042
1,413

45.6
39.8
57.6

2,939
1,661
1,277

604
168
436

2,335
1,494
841

516
381
135

69
34
35

447
347
100

14.9
18.6
9.6

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,783
3,798
3,299
498

1,440
2,015
1,574
441

38.1
53.1
47.7
88.4

1,157
1,781
1,377
404

88
515
275
240

1,069
1,266
1,102
164

282
234
197
36

35
34
22
13

247
199
175
24

19.6
11.6
12.5
8.2

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,564
4,961
2,603

3,571
2,058
1,513

47.2
41.5
58.1

3,136
1,733
1,402

591
184
407

2,544
1,549
995

435
325
110

51
24
26

384
300
84

12.2
15.8
7.3

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,322
4,242
3,644
599

1,255
2,315
1,820
495

37.8
54.6
50.0
82.6

1,037
2,099
1,639
460

68
524
233
291

969
1,575
1,406
170

219
216
182
34

19
32
16
16

200
184
165
19

17.4
9.3
10.0
6.9

12,187
8,046
4,141

6,158
3,614
2,545

50.5
44.9
61.5

5,421
3,065
2,356

1,058
309
749

4,363
2,756
1,608

738
549
189

75
36
38

663
513
150

12.0
15.2
7.4

Men
Women

6,127
6,060

3,024
3,135

49.3
51.7

2,634
2,787

541
516

2,093
2,270

390
348

39
35

350
313

12.9
11.1

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

5,610
6,577
5,676
901

2,394
3,765
2,968
796

42.7
57.2
52.3
88.4

2,005
3,416
2,672
744

136
922
455
467

1,869
2,494
2,217
278

389
349
296
52

27
48
27
21

362
301
270
31

16.3
9.3
10.0
6.5

2,139
1,580
559

612
378
233

28.6
24.0
41.7

438
245
193

88
34
54

350
211
139

174
134
40

35
17
18

139
117
23

28.5
35.4
17.3

Men
Women

1,017
1,122

294
318

28.9
28.4

186
252

31
56

154
195

108
66

24
11

84
55

36.7
20.9

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

1,186
953
829
124

243
369
283
86

20.5
38.7
34.1
69.0

143
294
222
73

16
72
33
39

128
222
189
33

100
74
61
13

22
13
7
6

77
62
55
7

41.1
20.2
21.6
15.4

1,408
971
438

572
307
265

40.6
31.7
60.4

450
232
218

106
35
71

344
197
147

122
75
47

26
11
16

96
64
31

21.3
24.4
17.7

Men
Women

661
748

287
285

43.4
38.1

234
217

54
52

179
165

53
68

13
13

40
55

18.6
23.9

High school

786
622
483
139

219
353
233
120

27.9
56.7
48.2
86.3

159
292
194
98

27
79
23
56

131
213
171
41

60
61
39
22

8
18
7
11

52
43
33
11

27.6
17.3
16.8
18.4

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

College
Full-time students
Part-time students

-..

See footnotes at end of table.




15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1993
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Unemployed
Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
15,690
3,231
12,459

12,759
2,393
10,365

81.3
74.1
83.2

11,266
1.949
9,318

9,362
1,375
7,987

1,905
574
1,331

1,493
445
1,048

1,336
376
960

156
69
88

11.7
18.6
10.1

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

3.574
6,828
3,721
1,568

2,302
5,613
3,333
1,511

64.4
82.2
89.6
96.4

1,798
4,976
3,083
1,409

1,402
4,077
2,619
1,265

397
900
464
144

503
637
250
103

472
550
216
98

31
87
34
4

21.9
11.3
7.5
6.8

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,757
1,640
6,117

6,980
1,351
5,629

90.0
82.4
92.0

6,148
1,100
5,048

5,359
873
4,487

789
227
561

832
251
581

768
215
554

64
37
27

11.9
18.6
10.3

1,905
3,466
1.739
647

1,546
3,197
1,610
627

81.1
92.2
92.6
96.9

1,221
2,865
1,486
575

1,024
2,492
1,320
523

197
374
166
52

325
332
124
52

302
307
110
49

23
24
14
3

21.0
10.4
7.7
8.2

7,934
1,591
6,342

5,779
1,042
4,736

72.8
65.5
74.7

5,118
849
4,269

4,002
502
3,500

1,116
347
769

660
193
467

568
161
407

92
32
60

11.4
18.5
9.9

1,669
3,362
1,982
921

756
2,416
1,723
884

45.3
71.9
86.9
96.0

577
2,111
1,597
833

378
1,585
1,298
741

199
526
298
92

178
305
126
51

170
243
106
50

9
62
20
1

23.6
12.6
7.3
5.8

12.642
2,568
10,074

10,602
1,989
8,613

83.9
77.5
85.5

9,566
1,689
7,878

7,994
1,207
6,787

1,572
481
1,091

1,035
301
735

919
253
666

116
48
69

9.8
15.1
8.5

Men
Women

6,277
6,364

5,778
4,824

92.0
75.8

5,198
4,369

4,588
3,407

610
962

581
455

531
388

50
67

10.0
9.4

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

2,712
5,418
3,094
1,417

1,843
4,595
2,792
1,372

68.0
84.8
90.2
96.9

1,502
4,149
2,629
1,287

1,175
3,423
2,242
1,154

327
726
387
132

341
446
163
86

326
372
140
82

15
74
23
4

18.5
9.7
5.8
6.2

2,453
536
1,918

1,743
322
1,422

71.1
60.0
74.1

1,340
198
1,142

1,071
126
945

269
73
197

403
123
280

369
106
263

35
17
17

23.1
38.3
19.7

Men
Women

1,189
1,265

962
781

81.0
61.8

739
601

590
481

149
120

223
180

211
157

12
23

23.2
23.1

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

687
1,172
500
94

348
861
442
92

50.7
73.5
88.5
97.5

200
693
370
78

151
544
307
69

48
149
63
8

148
168
72
14

135
157
62
14

14
11
10

42.7
19.5
16.4
15.5

2,171
521
1,650

1.533
347
1,186

70.6
66.6
71.9

1,339
281
1,057

1,136
203
933

203
78
125

195
66
129

169
47
122

25
19
7

12.7
18.9
10.9

Men
Women

1,115
1.057

984
549

88.3
51.9

877
462

773
363

104
99

107
87

96
73

11
14

10.9
15.9

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates

1,034
757
321
60

647
556
272
57

62.6
73.5
85.0
i2)

548
490
246
55

461
405
218
52

87
85
28
3

99
66
27
3

94
50
23
3

6
16
4

15.3
11.9
9.7

Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and

16




ft

college students into that group. Educational attainment levels, beginning January
1992, have been revised to reflect degrees or diplomas received rather than years
of school completed. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Total

Veteran status
and age
Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Employed

Unemployed
Percent of
labor force

Number
Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 35 years and over
35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 years and over

7,873
6,199
890
2,591
2,718
1,674

7,916
5,851
686
2,193
2,972
2,065

7,132
5,863
836
2,437
2,590
1,270

7,023
5,447
626
2,050
2,772
1,576

6,803
5,586
789
2,326
2,470
1,217

6,711
5,199
573
1,949
2,677
1,512

330
277
47
111
119
53

313
248
53
101
95
65

4.6
4.7
5.6
4.6
4.6
4.1

4.5
4.6
8.4
4.9
3.4
4.1

19,638
8,826
6,328
4,484

20,661
9,075
6,894
4,692

18,306
8,359
5,876
4,072

19,219
8,508
6,431
4,280

17,330
7,881
5,571
3,878

18,344
8,103
6,165
4,076

976
478
304
194

875
405
266
204

5.3
5.7
5.2
4.8

4.6
4.8
4.1
4.8

NONVETERANS
Total, 35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans




are men who have never served in the Armed Forces.

17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
September 1993
Employed

Unemployed

Full time

Part time

Sex, age, and race

TotaJ

Full-time
schedules1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time

Total

Voluntary1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

98,914
1,727
166
1,561
97,187
8,830
88,357
77,492
10,865

96,997
1,623
155
1,468
95,374
8,576
86,798
76,119
10,679

1,917
104
11
93
1,813
254
1,559
1,373
186

20,817
3,617
1,924
1,692
17,200
3,167
14,033
10,152
3,881

16,696
3,224
1,843
1,381
13,472
2,466
11,005
7,575
3,431

4,121
392
81
311
3,728
701
3,028
2,577
450

6,405
435
71
364
5,971
1,022
4,949
4,436
512

1,723
715
380
335
1,007
271
736
557
179

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

58,281
1,040
57,241
4,923
52,318
45,644
6,674

57,112
973
56,139
4,774
51,365
44,812
6,553

1,169
67
1,102
150
953
831
121

6,878
1,721
5,157
1,402
3,754
2,179
1,575

5,157
1,537
3,620
1,043
2,577
1,183
1,394

1,721
184
1,537
359
1,177
996
181

3,601
249
3,352
589
2,763
2,435
328

734
383
351
127
223
130
93

Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

40,633
687
39,946
3,907
36,039
31,849
4,190

39,885
650
39,235
3,802
35,433
31,307
4,126

748
36
711
105
606
542
64

13,939
1,895
12,043
1,765
10,279
7,973
2,306

11,539
1,687
9,852
1,423
8,428
6,392
2,036

2,400
208
2,192
341
1,850
1,581
269

2,805
186
2,619
433
2,186
2,001
185

989
332
657
144
513
427
86

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

50,843
911
49,933
4,218
45,714
39,766
5,949

49,882
856
49,026
4,095
44,931
39,085
5,846

962
55
907
124
783
680
103

5,919
1,545
4,374
1,157
3,216
1,775
1,441

4,571
1,386
3,185
901
2,284
988
1,296

1,348
160
1,188
256
932
787
145

2,688
155
2,533
415
2,118
1,850
268

581
300
282
101
181
105
76

Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

34,001
606
33,396
3,317
30,079
26,473
3,606

33,422
581
32,841
3,241
29,601
26,047
3,553

579
25
555
76
478
425
53

12,401
1,692
10,709
1,541
9,168
7,113
2,055

10,457
1,515
8,941
1,249
7,692
5,843
1,850

1,944
176
1,767
292
1,476
1,270
205

2,034
135
1,900
289
1,611
1,457
154

779
261
518
118
399
332
68

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,351
95
5,256
527
4,729
4,200
529

5,190
85
5,106
505
4,600
4,090
510

161
10
150
21
129
111
18

676
129
547
174
373
273
100

391
109
282
86
196
121
75

285
20
265
88
177
152
24

739
82
658
153
504
464
41

134
75
59
21
38
22
16

Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,117
65
5,052
472
4,580
4,137
443

4,982
55
4,928
449
4,479
4,045
434

135
10
125
24
101
91
10

1,124
154
970
161
809
612
196

752
128
624
120
504
355
149

372
26
346
42
304
258
47

640
42
598
127
471
443
29

172
58
114
19
95
79
16

White

Black

Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according




to whether they usually work full or part time.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1993
Civilian labor force

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Family relationship
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

Percent
of
Number
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

Total, 16 years and over1

100,971

66.3

94,531

6,440

6.4

51,418

19,419

8,366

2,976

20,657

Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force

40,252
27,114
1,283
11,855

77.0
91.5
91.1
55.9

38,808
26,258
1,157
11,394

1,443
857
126
461

3.6
3.2
9.8
3.9

12,001
2,506
126
9,369

208
117
3
87

194
107
4
83

1,160
467
17
676

10,439
1,815
101
8,523

Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force

31,029
27,415
982
2,632

59.4
70.6
68.1
21.9

29,621
26,258
857
2,506

1,409
1,157
126
126

4.5
4.2
12.8
4.8

21,224
11,394
461
9,369

14,913
9,427
361
5,125

439
363
24
52

529
193
22
313

5,343
1,410
54
3,879

Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
;
25 years and over

11,790
4,050
4,213
3,527

60.2
48.6
72.7
64.7

10,327
3,435
3,769
3,123

1,463
615
444
404

12.4
15.2
10.5
11.5

7,795
4,284
1,585
1,926

681
71
160
450

5,187
3,893
1,124
170

389
17
38
334

1,538
304
263
971

Women who maintain families

7,615

63.5

6,932

683

9.0

4,380

2,540

316

297

1,227

Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

5,706
1,277
1,504
2,925

58.1
43.5
68.6
62.4

4,720
927
1,270
2,523

986
350
234
402

17.3
27.4
15.5
13.7

4,112
1,660
688
1,764

735
89
132
514

1,824
1,383
352
89

405
11
36
358

1,148
177
168
803

Men who maintain families

2,692

78.4

2,483

208

7.7

743

42

33

98

569

Relatives in families maintained by men ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,887
314
454
1,120

61.9
49.5
78.3
61.0

1,640
249
394
997

248
65
60
123

13.1
20.8
13.2
11.0

1,163
320
126
717

300
16
27
257

373
270
63
40

98

392
34
35
323

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families
where the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the
Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women




98

who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates
shown in other tables in this publication because of differences in
definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.

19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men

Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons

Women
Unemployment
rates
Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

4,334
1,583
652

7.1
4.5
8.2

6.2
3.7
8.1

2,099

12.3

11.2

3,756
1,622
490
1,645

3,269
1,437

6.3
4.3
7.5
10.6

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

960
237
120
604

873
182
110
582

13.9
7.4
11.4
22.7

21.5

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,351
1,819

2,986
1,514
631
842

5.7
4.4
8.0
9.4

White, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,644
1,525
467

2,299

651

492
547

Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

583
221
115
248

542
173
109
259

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

4,903
1,932
638
2,333

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

20




610
922

1,319
514

1,259

Thousands of
persons
Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

4,187

3,794

1,673
862
1,652

1,530
808
1,455

5.4
3.5
7.6
9.4

3,097

2,813
1,270

1,007

12.7
5.8
10.6

Unemployment
rates
Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

7.2
5.3
7.3
11.7

6.5
4.8
6.7
10.1

590
953

6.4
5.0
7.1
9.2

5.7
4.5
6.1
8.5

897
171
159
567

812
175
188
450

12.7
7.0
7.8
21.9

11.5
7.3
9.4
17.0

5.1
3.7
8.0
8.4

2,845
1,467

2,698
569

5.9
4.9
7.0
8.3

5.5
4.6
6.4
8.0

5.2
4.2
7.4
8.2

4.5
3.4
7.5
6.8

2,162
295

2,010
1,150
542
318

5.3
4.7
6.9
5.9

4.9
4.3
5.8
6.1

10.4
7.1

9.6
5.6
10.8
16.8

566
161
171
234

9.3
6.7
7.5

9.5
6.9

11.1
17.1

550
156
150
243

1,413
676

810
567

1,231
636

1,387
743

15.1

8.8
13.9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Total

Unemployment rates
Total

Men

Women

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

8,128

7.2

6.4

7.1

6.2

7.2

6.5

1,126
632
495

992
505
486

3.5
4.1
2.9

3.0
3.2
2.8

3.4
3.9
2.8

2.8
2.7
2.9

3.6
4.5
3.0

3.2
3.9
2.6

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

2,314
187
997
1,130

2,080
167
878
1,035

6.0
4.2
6.7
5.8

5.4
4.1
5.9
5.3

5.1
4.5
4.7
6.2

4.7
3.4
4.5
5.8

6.5
3.9
8.9
5.7

5.8
4.9
7.3
5.2

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,408
66

8.0
6.7
4.7
8.6

7.1
6.2
5.3
7.5

8.0

7.0

O

0

1,239

1,258
63
118
1,078

4.3
7.9

8.0
6.8
7.9
8.1

7.2
5.5
10.6
7.3

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

1,083
246
570
268

954
236
493
225

7.5
5.2
10.2
6.4

6.5
5.0
8.5
5.5

7.3
5.2
10.3
5.4

6.4
5.2
8.4
4.4

9.4
3.8
9.3
10.3

8.0
.7
12.2
8.9

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

1,834
821
341
672
182
490

1,694
714
380
600
152
448

9.7
9.9
6.3

9.0
6.9

9.4
8.5
6.6

8.5

8.8

12.8
20.3
11.2

11.5
17.0

13.6
20.2

11.7

8.5

17.5

10.3

12.0

10.2

O

Farming, forestry, and fishing

323

260

7.9

6.8

7.2

6.2

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years

943
601
189
153

847
541
155
151

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

9,090

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

Total, 16 years and over

20 to 24 years
25 years and over

102

4.1
9.5

7.5
6.9

10.4
11.8

3.9

10.2
10.8
6.5
10.4

O

7.9

10.6

11.6

10.0

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

Total

Unemployment rates
Total

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

9,090

Men

Women

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

8,128

7.2

6.4

7.1

6.2

7.2

6.5

6,925

6,286

7.4

6.6

7.3

6.5

7.4

6.7

38
813

46
680

5.7
13.7

6.6
11.2

5.3
13.8

6.8
11.4

7.8
12.3

5.4
9.1

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery and computing equipment
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries

1,543

1,371

886
60
63
38
47

794
56
33
36
65
71
131
134
176
54
122
37
55
577
144
47
116
30

6.4
7.0
8.5
10.8
4.3
5.4
8.7
7.3
6.2
7.1
6.9
7.3
4.4
6.6
5.4
6.2
6.3
6.0
6.3
5.1
3.3
7.2
1.9

5.8
6.1
7.6
4.5
5.6
7.4
5.6
5.1
5.8
6.6
3.7
9.6
5.5
8.9
5.5
6.6
6.5
8.2
3.1
6.0
3.7
4.2
7.5

8.7
8.7
10.1
7.7
9.1
11.6
5.9
7.2
9.1

11.2
7.2
6.9
5.9
12.1
7.5
6.5
4.3
9.2
3.4

6.8
6.8
8.0
5.3
6.4
8.1
5.7
5.7
7.2
7.5
4.5
10.7
5.4
10.6
6.8
7.7
7.1
10.9
3.9
5.4
5.9
5.7
7.1

9.3
8.8

99

7.4
7.5
9.4
9.9
6.0
5.4
8.7
7.5
6.4
7.9
7.0
8.9
5.7

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

344
274
70
2,017
295
1,722
332
1,839

337
260
78
1,748
264
1,484

736
1,102

738
1,058

5.1
6.8
2.6
8.3
6.2
8.9
4.6
6.5
4.3
9.8

4.9
6.5
2.7
7.2
5.9
7.5
4.1
6.1
4.2
9.0

5.6
7.2
2.6
7.2
5.3
7.9
4.4
7.0
4.2
9.6

256
966
943

163
832
847

12.4
3.2

8.4
2.8

12.1
3.2

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience

22




171
121
190
87
103
45
52
657

133
42
144
59
117

59
90
13

95
74
48
23

307
1,797

14.3
7.6
12.2
5.7
8.7
8.2
6.6
10.9
7.4
15.1
7.4
14.9
9.6
8.5
5.5

10.5
6.9

14.1
11.0
8.2
6.4
12.6
6.1

15.0
5.4
12.2
8.7
9.7
7.8
11.9
6.4
4.7
10.0
9.3
7.1

5.3
6.9
2.6
6.4
5.2
6.8
3.8
6.4
3.8
8.7

3.9
5.5
2.4
9.6
8.3
9.8
4.7
6.1
4.3
10.1

4.0
5.1
2.9
8.2
7.6
8.2
4.3
5.9
4.3
9.4

6.7
2.8

13.6
3.2

14.2
2.7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
unemployed
Reason for unemployment

Men,
20 years
and over

Women,
20 years
and over

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

9,090
4,781
1,019
3,762
1,028
2,404
877

8,128
4,206
849
3,357
975
2,167
780

4,137
2,900
640
2,260
411
721
106

3,702
2,523
504
2,019
398
685
96

3,591
1,619
339
1,281
457
1,310
205

3,276
1,521
319
1,201
417
1,163
175

1,362
262
41
221
160
373
566

100.0
52.6
11.2
41.4
11.3
26.4
9.6

100.0
51.7
10.4
41.3
12.0
26.7
9.6

100.0
70.1
15.5
54.6
9.9
17.4
2.6

100.0
68.1
13.6
54.5
10.8
18.5
2.6

100.0
45.1
9.4
35.7
12.7
36.5
5.7

100.0
46.4
9.8
36.7
12.7
35.5
5.3

3.8
.8
1.9
.7

3.3

4.4
.6
1.1
.2

3.8
.6
1.0
.1

3.0
.8
2.4
.4

2.8
.8
2.1
.3

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

White

Black

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

1,150
163
25
137
159
319
509

6,853
3,733
858
2,875
838
1,727
555

6,082
3,219
706
2,513
754
1,580
530

1,857
873
131
742
150
581
252

1,686
823
120
703
177
477
208

100.0
19.3
3.0
16.3
11.8
27.4
41.6

100.0
14.1
2.2
11.9
13.9
27.7
44.3

100.0
54.5
12.5
42.0
12.2
25.2
8.1

100.0
52.9
11.6
41.3
12.4
26.0
8.7

100.0
47.0
7.1
40.0
8.1
31.3
13.6

100.0
48.8
7.1
41.7
10.5
28.3
12.3

4.0
2.5
5.7
8.7

2.5
2.5
4.9
7.8

3.4
.8
1.6
.5

2.9
.7
1.4
.5

6.3
1.1
4.2
1.8

5.9
1.3
3.4
1.5

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




1.7
.6

23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
September 1993
Total unemployed

Duration of unemployment

Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over

Total, 16 years and over....
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

100.0

38.4

4,206
849
3,357
975
2,167
780

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

3,702

Thousands
of persons

Percent

8,128

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

27.6

34.0

13.7

20.3

29.0
49.3
23.8
52.4
47.8
45.4

27.9
27.8
28.0
24.3
26.5
32.9

43.1
22.9
48.2
23.3
25.7
21.7

16.6
10.9
18.0
10.4
10.2
12.5

26.5
12.0
30.2
13.0
15.5
9.2

100.0

31.9

26.7

41.4

15.0

26.5

2,523
504
2,019
398
685
96

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

28.7
53.2
22.6
43.8
37.1
30.9

26.7
26.4
26.7
28.1
27.0
18.2

44.7
20.4
50.7
28.1
35.9
50.9

16.2
10.6
17.6
10.6
11.7
24.3

28.5
9.8
33.1
17.6
24.2
26.6

3,276

100.0

38.1

29.1

32.8

13.9

18.9

1,521
319
1,201
417
1,163
175

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

26.1
41.2
22.1
48.4
49.3
42.9

31.2
32.2
30.9
25.6
26.8
35.5

42.7
26.6
46.9
26.0
24.0
21.6

17.3
11.6
18.9
13.6
10.5
7.6

25.3
15.0
28.1
12.4
13.5
14.0

1,150

100.0

60.1

26.2

13.7

9.2

4.4

163
25
137
159
319
509

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

60.1

17.8

22.2

14.8

0

7.3

0

0

0

21.3
11.2
24.4
34.8

21.3
4.4
9.9
16.2

0

57.4
84.4
65.7
49.0

16.0
1.3
5.9
12.0

5.3
3.1
4.0
4.2

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-16.

Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Total
Duration of unemployment

Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
• 27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

24



Thousands of persons
Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

9,090

8,128

3,407
2,569
1,798
771
3,114
1,155
1,959
934
1,026

3,121
2,243
1,565
678
2,764
1,115
1,649
711
937

17.9
8.1

17.9
8.0

Full-time workers
Percent distribution
Sept.
1992

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

100.0

100.0

7,211

6,405

100.0

100.0

37.5
28.3
19.8
8.5
34.3
12.7
21.6
10.3
11.3

38.4
27.6
19.3
8.3
34.0
13.7
20.3
8.8
11.5

2,252
2,107
1,466
641
2,852
1,027
1,825
879
946

2,068
1,839
1,270
569
2,499
992
1,507
649
858

31.2
29.2
20.3
8.9
39.6
14.2
25.3
12.2
13.1

32.3
28.7
19.8
8.9
39.0
15.5
23.5
10.1
13.4

20.2
10.0

20.1
9.8

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17.

Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

September 1993

Unemployed
less than
5 weeks

Unemployed
15 weeks
and over

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,128
1,150
1,293
2,231
1,676
1,086
573
119

3,121
691
617
807
552
283
133
37

2,243
302
403
665
446
277
126
25

1,115
106
114
331
253
183
102
26

1,649
51
159
427
425
344
211
31

17.9
8.1
13.0
16.8
21.1
25.2
29.4
21.0

8.0
3.7
5.0
8.5
9.8
13.8
17.7
13.6

37.5
57.9
45.7
34.5
31.4
27.1
20.9
35.5

38.4
60.1
47.7
36.2
32.9
26.0
23.3
31.0

34.3
13.6
22.6
36.3
40.8
47.0
58.6
35.8

34.0
13.7
21.1
34.0
40.4
48.5
54.8
48.1

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,334
632
716
1,105
877
583
344
77

1,543
361
316
360
269
148
69
20

1,161
174
220
300
236
146
67
17

619
65
76
183
128
87
65
15

1,011
32
104
263
243
201
143
24

19.9
8.8
14.8
19.5
23.1
27.8
31.2
21.0

8.9
3.9
5.8
9.9
10.5
14.3
21.1
15.3

34.5
58.7
46.0
29.2
25.8
24.3
17.5

37.8
14.0
25.2
40.0
45.6
52.7
64.2

0

35.6
57.1
44.1
32.5
30.7
25.4
20.0
26.6

O

37.6
15.4
25.2
40.3
42.4
49.5
60.4
51.3

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,794
518
577
1,125
799
504
229
42

1,578
331
302
448
283
134
64
16

1,082
127
183
364
210
131
58
8

496
41
38
149
124
96
37
11

637
19
54
164
182
143
68
7

15.6
7.3
10.7
14.2
19.0
22.3
26.8

7.0
3.5
4.3
7.4
9.1
13.1
12.5

41.0
56.8
45.4
40.6
38.0
30.3
25.6

41.6
63.8
52.3
39.8
35.4
26.7
28.2

30.1
13.0
19.9
32.2
35.2
40.2
50.8

O

O

O

0

O

29.9
11.6
16.1
27.8
38.3
47.3
46.2

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

6,082
3,269
2,813

2,431
1,231
1,200

1,687
873
813

767
413
355

1,198
752
445

17.4
19.6
14.8

7.3
8.0
6.6

37.9
34.5
42.1

40.0
37.7
42.6

34.6
38.3
30.1

32.3
35.6
28.4

1,686
873
812

577
256
321

453
230
223

279
166
113

377
222
155

19.6
21.6
17.4

9.8
11.4
8.2

36.8
35.3
38.3

34.2
29.3
39.5

32.9
36.4
29.2

38.9
44.4
33.1

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,583
652
2,099

429
221
893

402
162
597

284
62
273

468
208
336

23.6
25.8
15.4

13.3
10.0
6.4

27.6
29.5
41.5

27.1
33.9
42.5

47.1
47.0
27.6

47.5
41.4
29.0

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,530
808
1,455

587
267
724

439
242
400

233
117
146

270
183
185

16.2
19.7
12.8

8.2
9.1
4.6

38.8
34.7
46.6

38.4
33.0
49.8

33.1
36.3
23.7

32.9
37.0
22.7

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

;

,

O

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Occupation and industry

Total

Less
than

5 weeks

5 to 14 15 to 26
weeks
weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

Unemployed Unemployed
less than
15 weeks
5 weeks
and over
Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept.
1992 1993 1992 1993

September 1993
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

992
2,080
1,258
954
1,694
260

313
726
579
342
636
123

297
600
327
227
433
75

155
321
120
135
254
18

227
434
233
250
371
45

19.7
17.6
16.4
22.1
19.0
15.0

10.2
8.7
5.7
9.7
8.3
5.3

28.7
37.1
44.4
34.5
34.8
46.4

31.6
34.9
46.0
35.8
37.5
47.3

44.1
35.6
28.4
39.7
38.2
14.9

38.5
36.3
28.1
40.4
36.9
24.2

163
695

84
294
419
209
211
114
702
938

14
81
217
137
80
72
217
333
38

21
139
406
255
151
91
326
466
42

11.1
18.2
22.4
24.0
20.2
20.9
16.2
17.5
21.6

4.4
7.0
12.0

57

44
181
341
203
138
99
511
660
39

13.9
8.9
10.9
6.8
7.8
12.1

46.9
36.3
32.1
28.5
37.0
28.2
38.0
39.0
39.2

51.5
42.3
30.3
26.0
36.4
30.3
40.0
39.1
32.6

10.9
38.7
42.0
45.1
37.9
44.7
31.3
35.2
34.0

21.5
31.5
45.0
48.8
39.8
43.6
30.9
33.3
45.1

395

269

108

75

12.6

5.6

45.2

46.6

20.3

21.6

INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration
No previous work experience
1

Includes wage and salary workers only.

26



1,383
803
580
376
1,756

2,397
175
847

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
September 1993
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race
Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

Average
number of
methods
used

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

8.1
4.1
7.3
9.5
7.8
10.7
9.8
6.7

72.9
80.0
75.3
69.7
71.2
74.0
70.7
55.2

40.4
30.1
37.6
42.9
42.2
47.4
40.6
49.0

22.8
15.1
20.1
22.9
24.2
30.8
26.0
32.6

6.2
6.8
5.0
5.8
6.7
5.8
8.5
4.3

1.71
1.45
1.64
1.76
1.75
1.93
1.75
1.53

24.9
20.8

8.6
4.8
7.1
8.6
8.9
13.3
12.0

72.8
78.0
77.0
70.2
70.0
74.1
70.0

39.1
27.9
32.5
42.1
43.8
45.9
43.0

25.5
15.2
21.0
27.6
27.2
35.1
26.3

6.9
8.1
3.2
7.3
6.6
7.6
10.8

1.73
1.41
1.57
1.83
1.79
2.01
1.83

Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

8,128
1,150
1,293
2,231
1,676
1,086
573
119

7,181
1,112
1,180
1,974
1,411
912
499
94

20.4
8.6
19.0
25.6
22.6
24.2

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,334
632
716
1,105
877
583
344
77

3,764
610
640
952
719
483
293
67

20.0
7.1
16.0
27.6
22.3

O

0

0

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,794
518
577
1,125
799
504
229
42

3,417
501
541
1,021
692
429
206
26

20.9
10.3
22.7
23.7
22.8
23.5
17.8

7.6
3.2
7.6
10.4
6.7
7.7
6.8

73.1
82.5
73.3
69.2
72.4
73.9
71.5

White, 16 years and over...
Men
Women

6,082
3,269
2,813

5,284
2,769
2,515

19.8
20.1
19.4

Black, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

1,686
873
812

1,561
818
742

23.3
20.9
26.0

19.6
5.1

0

1

0

O

0

41.8
32.7
43.6
43.7
40.6
49.2
37.3

19.9
15.0
19.1
18.4
21.0
26.0
25.6

O

O

8.1
9.3
6.7

73.8
74.0
73.7

8.5
7.0
10.2

69.9
70.1
69.6

0

0

5.4
5.1
7.0
4.5
6.8
3.8
5.4

1.69
1.49
1.73
1.70
1.70
1.84
1.64

0

O

O

41.6
40.4
43.0

23.3
26.4
19.8

6.4
7.0
5.9

1.73
1.77
1.68

34.7
33.3
36.3

19.5
20.4
18.6

5.7
7.2
4.0

1.62
1.59
1.65

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

A-20. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
September 1993
Thousands of persons
Sex and reason

Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

7,181
3,325
950
2,131
774

20.4
25.7
19.9
16.6
8.9

3,764
2,092
455
849

Employer
directly

Friends
or
relatives

Other

8.1
10.1
5.8
7.5
4.2

72.9
74.2
76.2
68.2
76.2

40.4
44.8
37.4
38.1
31.7

22.8
26.7
20.4
19.2
19.3

6.2
5.3
4.1
8.9
4.8

1.71
1.87
1.64
1.58
1.45

369

20.0
25.7
16.5
13.7
6.2

8.6
10.4
5.7
7.7
4.3

72.8
74.1
74.2
66.0
79.2

39.1
43.1
38.4
35.1
27.4

25.5
27.8
25.0
23.3
17.7

6.9
5.5
4.3
12.0
5.9

1.73
1.87
1.64
1.58
1.41

3,417
1,233
495
1,282
406

20.9
25.8
23.0
18.4
11.4

7.6
9.6
6.0
7.3
4.1

73.1
74.4
78.0
69.7
73.5

41.8
47.7
36.5
40.1
35.7

19.9
24.8
16.2
16.4
20.7

5.4
5.1
3.9
6.9
3.7

1.69
1.87
1.64
1.59
1.49

Total
jobseekers

Total, 16 years and over ....
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

8,128
4,206
975
2,167
780

Men, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

4,334
2,639
470

Women, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,794
1,568
505
1,308
412

1
Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within




Average
number of
methods

Placed.
or
answered
ads

Total
unemployed

858
368

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

used

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Men

Total
Industry and age

Women

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

All industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

117,953
5,174
1,979
3,196
12,067
85,934
32,491
31,872
21,571
11,327
6,887
4,441
3,450

119,730
5,343
2,090
3,253
11,997
87,644
32,152
32,772
22,721
11,250
6,886
4,365
3,495

64,370
2,732

65,159
2,761
1,069
1,692

53,584
2,443
916

6,326

5,641

47,823
17,835
17,746
12,242

39,026

54,571
2,582
1,021
1,561
5,672
39,821
14,317
15,026
10,479
5,038

Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,367
224
115
109
337
2,078
802
758
517
426
207
219
301

3,249
219
105
114
318
2,029
788
786
455
378
197
181
305

2,696
177

114,587
4,950
1,864
3,086
11,730
83,856
31,689
31,113
21,054
10,901
6,679
4,221
3.150

116,481
5,124
1,985
3,139
11,679
85,615
31,364
31,985
22,267
10,872
6,688
4,184
3,190

61,673
2,554

Nonagricultural industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

28




1,063

1,669
6,426
46,908
17,984
17,262
11,662
6,278
3,816
2,462
2,026

97
80
287
1,613
630
582
401
352
164
188
267

965
1,589
6,139

45,295
17,354
16,680
11,261
5,925
3,651
2,274
1,759

6,212
3,790
2,422
2,037

1,526
14,507
14,610

9,909
5,050
3,071
1,978

1,424

3,096
1,943
1,458

2,586
179
84

670
47
18

663
40

95
262

29
50
465

19
56
458

172

167

177

182
109
70
44
27

1,571
621
605
345
308
154
154
266

116
74
43
31
34

62,573

52,913

2,582
985

2,396
899

1,597
6,063
46,252

1,498
5,591
38,561
14,335
14,433
9,793

17,214
17,141
11,897

5,904
3,636
2,268
1,771

4,975
3,028
1,947
1,390

21

39
53,908
2,542
1,000
1,542
5,616

39,364
14,150
14,844
10,370
4,968
3,052
1,916
1,418

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Total

Men

16 years
and over

Occupation

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

16 years
and over
Sept.
1992

Women
20 years
and over

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

16 years
and over
Sept.
1992

20 years
and over

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

117,953 119,730 64,370 65,159 61,638 62,398 53,584 54,571 51,141 51,989

Total

16,820 16,219 16,754 14,793 15,593 14,696 15,508
8,947 8,472 8,914 6,151 6,387 6,118 6,360
391
402
402
255
273
255
272
6,201 6,566 6,174 6,540 3,809 3,998 3,781 3,974
1,908 1,979 1,906 1,972 2,088 2,116 2,081 2,113

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations

31,074 32,412

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

36,378 36,454 13,202 13,132 12,638 12,580 23,177 23,322 21,864 22,046
4,247
3,898 2,188
1,969 2,161 1,953 2,059 1,929 2,027 1,900
1,526
1,562
319
267
262
319 1,259 1,244 1,238
1,224
1,121
1,238
1,004
911
896
996
210
233
205
223
1,600
1,098
646 1,002
1,010
638
590
452
584
453
13,804 14,111
7,249 7,337 6,890 6,973 6,554 6,774 5,703 5,955
3,869 4,058
2,563 2,561 2,532 2,550 1,306 1,496 1,286 1,470
2,303
2,399
1,360
1,368
1,448
1,436
936
951
924
940
1,591
1,512
1,272 1,180 1,268 1,173
319
332
313
325
5,942 6,046 2,015
1,699 1,773 3,926 3,939 3,118 3,167
2,106
99
96
31
32
42
42
68
55
62
53
18,328 18,445
3,764 3,825 3,587 3,653 14,564 14,620 14,134 14,192
730
800
311
311
317
315
418
484
416
483
677
563
253
246
196
191
425
367
421
351
50
4,172 4,182
63
53
59 4,118 4,119 4,033 4,041
2,226 2,207
190
188
231
226 2,036 1,976 2,020 1,951
895
969
540
512
598
577
355
371
342
347
9,629 9,724 2,417 2,421 2,280 2,286 7,211 7,303 6,902 7,018

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

14,652 15,334
646
675
10,010 10,564
3,996 4,095

•

16,422

17,079

1,754
923
448

1,638
1,062
503

878
2,588

709

872
2,747
833

4,289
761
4,072

4,429
802
4,192

16,186

920
2,080

16,395
951

2,108
13,186 13,337
5,535 5,653
2,143
2,250
3,013
2,901
2,495
2,532

16,282
8,501
391

7,781
1,622
607
307
727
335

7,873

1,473
720
350

7,747
1,622
607

409

459

306
727
333
405

1,116
603
2,054

1,139
617
2,077

1,115
603
2,028

682
357

6,468
42
1,755
4,671
2,229

6,632
38
1,781
4,813
2,385

1,725
3,897
1,634

270
1,743
430

256
1,674
498

256
1,622
385

5,653
31

7,841
1,473
717
349
682
357
453
1,131
617
2,062

8,641
132
316
141
151
2,253
300
3,173
157
2,018

9,206
165
342
154
190
2,391
374
3,291
185
2,114

8,578
132
316
141
151
2,248
296
3,153
157
1,985

9,148
165
342
153
190
2,389
370
3,262
185
2,091

5,819
36
1,764
4,019
1,737
244
1,581
458

9,717
878
325
8,514
3,306
1,873
1,270
2,065

9,763
913
327
8,523
3,268
1,994
1,227
2,034

8,865
772
307
7,787
2,809
1,814
1,221
1,943

8,782
804
314
7,665
2,655
1,927
1,163
1,920

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,408 13,679 12,363 12,495
4,516
4,501
4,313
4,377
4,994
5,305 4,898
5,211
3,898 3.873 3,089 2,972

12,154 12,313
4,288
4,241
4,820
5,124
3,046 2,949

1,045
139
97
809

1,185
189
95
901

1,019
136
95
787

1,154
187
82
885

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,156 17,223 12,874 13,052 12,028 12,136
7,511
7,438 4,506 4,607 4,360 4,449
6,146
6,052 3,614 3,671 3,503 3,557
3,185
3,297 2,178 2,318 2,123 2,251
2,961
2,755 1,436 1,353 1,380 1,306
892
936
858
891
1,366
1,386
4,648 4,489 4,555
5,049 5,148 4,604
3,792 3,887 3,385 3,453 3,285 3,382
1,257
1,261 1,219 1,195 1,204 1,173
4,596 4,636
3,764 3,797 3,179
3,132
716
742
687
713
638
669
3,880 3,894 3,077 3,084 2,541
2,463

4,283
3,006
2,532
1,007
1,524
474
445
407
38
832
28
803

4,171
2,831
2,381
979
1,402
451
500
434
66
839
30
810

4,159
2,956
2,498
998
1,500
457
430
393
37
773
24
748

3,992
2,770
2,333
953
1,380
437
489
425
64
733
29
704

569
168
401

538
185
353

538
165
373

507
185
322

Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations




3,751
1,248
2,502

3,566
1,235
2,332

3,181
1,080
2,101

3,028
1,050
1,979

2,946
1,072
1,874

2,795
1,040
1,756

29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Total
Occupation and race

Men

Women

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

117,953
100.0

119,730
100.0

64,370
100.0

65,159
100.0

53,584
100.0

54,571
100.0

26.3
12.4

27.1
12.8
14.3
30.4
3.3

25.3
13.2

25.8
13.7
12.1
20.2
3.0
11.3

27.6
11.5
16.1
43.3
3.8

28.6
11.7
16.9
42.7
3.5

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) .
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

13.9
30.8
3.6
11.7
15.5
13.7
.8

1.8
11.2

11.8

15.4
13.7
.8

12.1
20.5
3.4
11.3
5.8
10.0
.1
2.7
7.3
19.2
20.0
7.0
7.2
5.8

5.9
10.2
.1
2.7
7.4
19.2
20.0

12.2
27.2
18.1
1.6

12.4
26.8
17.9

4.9

7.1
5.8
4.6

.6
15.9
2.0
8.0
5.6
.8
1.6
1.1

1.7
.6
15.6
2.2
7.6
5.2
.9
1.5
1.0

11.4

1.8
11.1
11.4

14.5
6.4
4.3
3.9
3.2

14.4
6.2
4.3
3.9
3.0

101,597
100.0

103,164
100.0

56,119
100.0

56,762
100.0

45,478
100.0

46,402
100.0

27.3
13.1

28.1
13.5

26.4
13.9

14.6
30.8
3.2

12.4
20.8
3.4

11.9
5.5

28.5
12.0
16.5
44.4
3.8
12.8

29.7
12.3

14.3
31.4
3.6

26.9
14.5
12.3
20.3
3.0
11.9
5.5

9.0

9.1

2.6
6.4

.1
2.5
6.5
20.0

7.1

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) .
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

12.3

15.5
12.4
.7
1.6
10.1
11.8

12.3
15.3
12.4
.8
1.6
10.0
11.9

27.9
16.7
1.4
.5

17.4
43.7
3.5

12.9
27.3

5.1

6.7
6.9
5.3
4.9

14.7
1.9
7.3
5.0
.8
1.5
1.2

16.5
1.6
.5
14.4
2.1
7.0
4.7
.9
1.4
1.1

19.9
18.9
6.7
6.8
5.3

13.7
5.9
4.1
3.6
3.3

13.5

12,105
100.0

12,268
100.0

5,935
100.0

6,027
100.0

6,170
100.0

6,241
100.0

17.3
7.6
9.7

17.1
7.4
9.7

13.5
7.0
6.4

14.1
7.0
7.2

20.1
7.9

26.6
3.6
6.9

27.9
3.1
7.5
17.3
23.4
1.1
2.9
19.4
8.3
21.3
9.2
5.8
6.3
1.9

16.7
3.1
5.7
8.0
18.6
.3
4.7

17.8
2.8
6.2
8.9

20.9
8.1
12.9
36.1
4.1
8.1
23.8
28.7
3.0
1.3
24.5
1.8
12.1
9.2
1.1
1.8
.4

5.8
4.2

3.6
3.2

18.9

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands).
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

30




16.0
23.8
1.6
2.9
19.2
8.3

21.7
9.6
6.0
6.2
2.4

13.7
14.9
31.8

9.9
11.1
10.7
4.5

19.0
4.8
14.2
14.2
31.3
10.2
10.5
10.6
3.5

12.2
37.6
3.4
8.7
25.5

27.7
2.2
1.2
24.3
2.7
11.6
8.3
1.3
2.1
.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
September 1993
Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture

Wage and salary workers

Age and sex
Total

Private
household Government
workers

Other

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

Wage and
Selfsalary
employed
workers
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

107,248
5,048
1,963
3,085
11,411
29,461
29,233
20,015
9,520
5,926
3,594
2,560

1,150
124
63
61
141
234
177
175
197
89
109
102

18,520
229
69
160
1,054
4,124
5,831
4,837
2,035
1,235
800
409

87,579
4,695
1,831
2,864
10,216
25,103
23,226
15,003
7,288
4,602
2,686
2,049

8,991
60
17
43
262
1,861
2,704
2,181
1,320
754
566
603

242
16
5
11
7
42
47
70
32
9
23
27

1,786
178
80
97
271
544
407
210
109
60
49
68

1,383
31
14
17
43
229
346
237
263
133
130
234

80
11
10

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

56,518
2,533
968
1,565
5,895
16,000
15,335
10,413
5,021
3,154
1,867
1,321

142
16
9
6
23
37
18
8
30
11
19
11

8,365
105
30
75
491
1,941
2,450
2,230
947
555
391
201

48,011
2,412
929
1,483
5,381
14,022
12,868
8,175
4,044
2,587
1,457
1,109

6,001
40
12
27
167
1,208
1,800
1,477
875
481
394
434

54
10
5
4
2
6
6
6
8
2
7
16

1,417
148
66
83
221
445
295
162
89
45
45
55

1,149
23
12
11
38
175
301
183
220
109
111
210

20
8
7
1
3
1
9

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

50,730
2,515
995
1,520
5,516
13,461
13,898
9,602
4,499
2,772
1,727
1,239

1,008
108
53
54
118
197
159
167
168
78
90
91

10,155
125
39
85
563
2,183
3,381
2,607
1,088
680
408
208

39,567
2,283
902
1,380
4,835
11,081
10,358
6,828
3,243
2,015
1,229
939

2,990
21
5
16
95
653
904
704
445
273
172
169

188
6

370
29
15
14
50
99
112
48
20
16
4
12

234
8
2
5
6
54
45
55
43
24
19
23

59
3
3

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over




7
5
36
42
64
24
7
17
11

4
15
33
7
6
4
2
4

14
25
7
7
4
3
4

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
September 1993
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Professional services
Public administration
1

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

Precision
Machine
Farming,
producoperHandlers, forestry,
tion,
Transporators,
equipment
and
craft,
tation
assemcleaners, fishing
and
and
blers,
helpers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
inspeclaborers
tors

Total
Executive,
AdminisTechniemadminisPrivate
trative
cians
Profesployed
Other
trative,
and
Sales support, housesional
service1
and
including hold
specialty related
manaclerical
support
gerial

3,249
676
7,573
19,445
11,283
8,162

86
95
920
2,395
1,452
943

100
66
130
1,625
1,058
567

8,521
24,382
4,583
19,799

975
2,191
561
1,631

512
444
72
372

8,161
41,856
1,158
40,699
28,416
5,868

2,166
5,195

238
13,086
3
13,084
11,734
877

5,195
3,233
1,310

10
2
50
757
267
491

90
64
419
2,116
1,167
949

20
7
52
313
151
162

31
257
4,473
3,747
2,590
1,157

7
29
100
6,052
3,297
2,755

54
115
554
755
370
385

19
28
813
974
441
532

327
286
164 10,030
46 1,800
118 8,229

2,290
2,250
758
1,492

237
4,765
39
4,727

1,296
1,362
292
1,070

116
239
115
124

1,982
1,055
509
546

494
1,815
347
1,468

45
22

1,971
982
2
980
180
23

2,960
6,731
8
6,722
5,069
1,525

331
8,277
98
8,181
5,065
1,442

189
2,083
10
2,073
418
241

24
823

19
547
6
542
295
68

21
439
11
428
94
35

66
482
69
414
120
34

35
14
31
627
412
216

176
2,258
2,258
1,949
265

951
951

823
259
49

2,795
31
85
79
6

Includes protective service, not shown separately.

A-26. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers1

Total
Reason not working and sex
Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Paid absences
Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Unpaid absences
Sept.
1992

Sept.
1993

Total, 16 years and over ....
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
All other reasons

5,933
3,366
1,162
40
32
1,332

5,035
2,512
1,280
34
41
1,168

5,833
3,320
1,146
34
32
1,301

4,944
2,470
1,264
30
41
1,139

3,181
2,453
423

2,547
1,722
505

1,990
595
639

1,854
536
643

()
304

319

756

675

Men, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

2,891
1,752
543
595

2,418
1,278
602
538

2,816
1,717
532
566

2,354
1,248
591
515

1,649
1,341
197
111

1,242
916
205
122

779
233
278
268

802
217
319
266

Women, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

3,042
1,614
618
809

2,617
1,235
678
705

3,017
1,602
613
801

2,590
1,222
673
695

1,532
1,113
226
193

1,304
806
300
199

1,211
363
361
488

1,052
319
324
409

1

Excludes private household workers.
Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
2

32




3

O2
()

Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27.

Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
September 1993
Thousands of persons

Hours of work
All
industries

Agriculture

Percent distribution

Nonagricultural
industries

All
industries

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

114,695

3,159

111,536

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours

26,752
751
4,541
13,648
7,813

860
43
177
386
254

25,892
707
4,364
13,262
7,559

23.3
.7
4.0
11.9
6.8

27.2
1.4
5.6
12.2
8.0

23.2
.6
3.9
11.9
6.8

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

87,943
7,205
43,999
36,739
12,052
14,122
10,565

2,299
156
679
1,464
241
431
793

85,645
7,050
43,320
35,275
11,811
13,692
9,772

76.7
6.3
38.4
32.0
10.5
12.3
9.2

72.8
4.9
21.5
46.3
7.6
13.6
25.1

76.8
6.3
38.8
31.6
10.6
12.3
8.8

39.9
44.4

44.1
51.3

39.8
44.2

Total, 16 years and over

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules

A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1993
All industries

Nonagricultural industries

Reason for working less than 35 hours
Total

Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons




Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

Total

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

26,752

7,131

19,621

25,892

6,873

19,018

6,037
2,885
62
155
89
2,846

1,917
1,610
62
155
89

4,121
1,275

5,801
2,717
62
151
88
2,782

1,817
1,515
62
151
88

3,983
1,202

20,715
12,593
1,447
1,469
269
15
598
1,695
2,629

5,214

5,056

1,608

1,695
1,021

20,091
12,228
1,426
1,446
203
15
594
1,669
2,510

1,558

1,669
952

22.7
21.1

24.8
25.9

21.7
19.5

22.7
21.2

24.8
25.9

21.8
19.6

2,032
5,781

889
2,688

1,143
3,093

1,939
5,620

844
2,615

1,095
3,005

2,846

1,447
1,277
269
15
598

15,501
12,593
192

2,782

1,426
1,260
203
15
594

15,035
12,228
186

33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1993

Industry

Total
at
work

On part
time
for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours
or less
hours
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

111,536

5,801

15,035

90,701

55,426

11,811

23,464

39.8

44.2

102,788

5,092

13,408

84,287

52,617

11,156

20,515

39.7

43.9

604

6

12

586

262

74

249

48.2

49.0

5,649

402

223

5,024

3,221

605

1,198

41.3

43.7

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

18,178
10,563
7,616

448
181
268

575
196
379

17,155
10,186
6,969

10,005
5,793
4,211

2,839
1,725
1,115

4,311
2,667
1,643

43.0
43.8
42.0

44.3
44.5
43.9

Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

7,696
21,619
7,106

238
1,708
138

388
4,888
629

7,070
15,023
6,339

4,188
8,865
4,186

953
2,170
722

1,928
3,988
1,430

42.8
37.2
40.6

44.7
44.4
42.9

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

36,337
1,097
35,241
5,598

2,085
230
1,855
67

6,410
438
5,972
283

27,843
428
27,414
5,248

18,120
278
17,842
3,76d

3,241
52
3,189
550

6,481
99
6,383
929

38.0
27.7
38.3
41.1

43.5
46.3
43.4
42.5

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

8,507
242

704
4

1,494
132

6,309
105

2,753
57

644
11

2,912
37

40.9
32.6

48.6
47.4

Total, 16 years and over
Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

34




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1993
On part
time for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours
or less

41 hours
or more

5,801
475
83
392
5,326
921
4,405
2,970
1,262
172

15,035
3,023
1,713
1,310
12,012
2,294
9,719
5,246
3,032
1,441

90,701
1,496
128
1,368
89,205
8,065
81,140
52,757
27,071
1,313

55,426
1,164
110
1,054
54,262
5,537
48,725
31,366
16,447
914

35,275
332
18
314
34,943
2,528
32,415
21,391
10,624
400

39.8
24.2
16.9
28.8
40.5
36.2
41.0
41.5
41.2
28.7

44.2
40.3
36.9
40.6
44.3
42.5
44.4
44.5
44.4
42.4

2,711
231
30
201
2,480
483
1,997
1,391
507
99

4,492
1,421
857
563
3,072
951
2,121
770
633
718

53,015
888
71
816
52,128
4,449
47,679
31,102
15,761
816

28,713
667
63
604
28,046
2,859
25,187
16,146
8,509
532

24,303
221
8
212
24,082
1,590
22,492
14,956
7,252
284

42.6
25.7
17.3
30.8
43.4
37.8
44.0
44.6
44.1
30.6

45.7
41.1

1,490
48,864
5,397
43,467
27,709
14,464
1,293

3,090
244
53
191
2,846
438
2,408
1,579
754
73

10,543
1,602
856
747
8,940
1,343
7,597
4,477
2,397
723

37,686
608
56
552
37,078
3,616
33,461
21,653
11,313
497

26,714
497
47
450
26,216
2,679
23,538
15,219
7,940
382

10,972
111
10
101
10,861
938
9,923
6,434
3,373
116

36.4
22.7
16.6
26.6
37.1
34.5
37.4
37.6
37.8
26.4

White, 16 years and over.
Men
Women

95,915
52,302
43,613

4,630
2,160
2,470

13,536
3,971
9,565

77,749
46,171
31,578

45,861
23,951
21,910

31,888
22,220
9,668

39.9
43.0
36.2

44.5
46.0
42.2

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

11,555
5,668
5,887

930
425
505

1,016
336
680

9,609
4,907
4,702

7,301
3,505
3,796

2,308
1,402
906

38.7
40.2
37.4

42.2
43.1
41.2

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

37,957
6,810
15,452

1,036
391
1,284

1,426
303
2,763

35,495
6,116
11,405

18,201
3,428
7,084

17,294
2,688
4,321

44.6
43.1
37.5

46.3
45.7
43.9

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

28,469
10,544
12,306

1,435
705
950

5,989
1,364
3,189

21,044
8,475
8,167

15,270
5,620
5,824

5,774
2,855
2,343

36.4
38.6
34.4

41.8
43.0
42.0

Total
at
work

Sex, age, race, and marital status

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over ..
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

111,536

4,993
1,923
3,070
106,543
11,280

Men, 16 years and over ...
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over

20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

95,263
60,973
31,365

2,926
60,218

2,539
958
1,580
57,679
5,883
51,797
33,263
16,901
1,633
51,318

2,454
965

O
41.6
45.8
43.5
46.0

46.1
45.8
43.1

42.1
39.2

O
39.2
42.1
41.3
42.2

42.1
42.4
41.2

RACE

MARITAL STATUS

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1993
On full-time schedules
Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .
Women, 16 years and over1 .
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.

36



Total
at
work

111,252

31,170
14,739
16,431

34,978
3,744
13,524
17,710
15,582
905
1,986
12,691
13,109
16,413
7,115
4,851
4,447

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part
time

Total

40
hours
or less

Average
hours,
Average
workers
hours,
49
on full41 to 48
total
hours
time
hours
at work
or more
schedules

5,744

14,993

90,515

55,213

11,813

23,488

39.8

44.2

706
233
473

2,948
841
2,108

1,548
104
774
671

6,056

27,515
13,665
13,850
27,374
3,230

14,648
6,622
8,026
17,894
2,197
5,056
10,641
6,890
221
1,082
5,587
7,123
8,658
4,243
2,081
2,334

3,498
1,812
1,686
3,488
432
1,376
1,681
1,029
42
260
727
1,837
1,960
990
542
428

9,369
5,231
4,138
5,992
601
3,555
1,835
1,760
86
433
1,240
3,067
3,300
1,217
1,582
502

42.5
44.6
40.6
38.3
39.9
39.4
37.1
34.3
27.9
42.4
33.5
42.5
40.8
41.5
44.1
36.2

45.5
46.5
44.5
43.2
42.9
46.1
41.2
42.9
46.5
45.1
42.3
44.3
44.3
43.4
47.4
42.1

28,461

7,275

17,011

42.7

45.7

1,889
1,029
860
1,641
235
881
525
559

6,445
3,825
2,620
3,885
416
2,767
701
924
11
407
506
2,869
2,888

45.5
46.9

47.4
48.2

43.9

46.5

42.8
42.1
44.4
40.0
37.4
(2)

43.9

46.1
44.0
48.2
43.3
43.7
(2)
45.7

900
1,533
455

35.1
42.7
41.8
42.6
45.1
36.7

42.6
44.5
45.0
44.3
47.6
42.3

411
2,764
2,881
4,169
382
161

1,734
175
49

9,987
14,158

9,679
349

1,510
674
1,081
373
281
427

3,626
407

756

1,775
7,555
12,028
13,918
6,450
4,205
3,264

59,812

2,646

4,419

52,747

16,287
8,632
7,654
12,725

309
115
194
403
41
218

15,166
8,239
6,927

143
552
9

812
279
533
1,227
110
729
388
1,139
7

93

4,381
3,651

34
509
630
752
188
209
356

1,038
302
939
142
219
579

1,556
3,088
11,034
10,786
4,116
3,954
2,716

6,832
3,385
3,447
5,570
1,123
2,511
1,936
3,182
11
916
2,255
6,478
6,400
2,575
1,914
1,911

51,440

3,098

10,574

37,767

26,752

4,538

6,478

36.4

42.1

14,883
6,107
8,776
22,254
1,819
6,418

397
118
279

2,137

4,829

7,816
3,237
4,579
12,324
1,074
2,545
8,705
3,707
209
166
3,332
646
2,258
1,668
167
423

1,609
783
826
1,847
197
495
1,156
470
42
27
400
150
462
350
35
77

2,924

1,146
62
556
528
1,182
166
16
1,001

12,349
5,426
6,923
16,279
1,456

39.3
41.5
37.8
35.7
37.5
33.9
36.4
32.1
27.4
34.1
32.5
40.2
37.8
39.5
34.0
34.2

43.2
43.9
42.6
41.3
41.7
42.9
40.6
42.2
45.8
41.2
42.0
42.9
41.8
41.8
44.2
40.7

' 1,925
7,107
3,693
6,356
38
1,683
4,635

11,967
12,478
4,446

14,017
9,226
867
303
8,056
1,142

3,935
2,669
470
796

1,413
292
365

44
329
185
73
71

562
1,575
301
2,034

2,494
3,030
375
68
2,588
104
474
150
146
177

11,095
1,774
6,159
3,162
4,666
22

3,828
10,995
5,013
327

219
4,467
994
3,132
2,334
251
547

233
327
1,688
1,498
641
506
351

1,407
1,517
2,107
185
788
1,134
836
75
26
735
198
412
316

49
47

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1993

1992
Employment status and sex
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

193,513
128,840
66.6
119,290
61.6
1,566
117,724
3,221
114,503
9,550
7.4
64,673

193,683
128,618
66.4
119,239
61.6
1,552
117,687
3,169
114,518
9,379
7.3
65,065

193,847
128,896
66.5
119,595
61.7
1,531
118,064
3,209
114,855
9,301
7.2
64,951

194,026
129,108
66.5
119,828
61.8
1,517
118,311
3,262
115,049
9,280
7.2
64,918

194,159
128,598
66.2
119,586
61.6
1,515
118,071
3,191
114,879
9,013
7.0
65,561

194,298
128,839
66.3
119,963
61.7
1,512
118,451
3,116
115,335
8,876
6.9
65,459

194,456
128,926
66.3
120,062
61.7
1,497
118,565
3,082
115,483
8,864
6.9
65,530

194,618
128,833
66.2
119,908
61.6
1,492
118,416
3,060
115,356
8,925
6.9
65,785

194,767
129,615
66.5
120,757
62.0
1,484
119,273
3,070
116,203
8,858
6.8
65,152

194,933
129,604
66.5
120,696
61.9
1,477
119,219
3,024
116,195
8,908
6.9
65,329

195,104
129,541
66.4
120,772
61.9
1,471
119,301
3,039
116,262
8,769
6.8
65,563

195,275
129,852
66.5
121,192
62.1
1,482
119,710
2,980
116,729
8,661
6.7
65,423

195,453
129,457
66.2
120,939
61.9
1,482
119,457
3,095
116,362
8,517
6.6
65,996

93,146
70,860
76.1
65,383
70.2
1,407
63,976
5,477
7.7
22,286

93,238
70,728
75.9
65,318
70.1
1,394
63,924
5,410
7.6
22,510

93,324
70,708
75.8
65,416
70.1
1,373
64,043
5,292
7.5
22,616

93,420
70,754
75.7
65,554
70.2
1,360
64,194
5,200
7.3
22,666

93,488
70,473
75.4
65,544
70.1
1,358
64,186
4,929
7.0
23,015

93,563
70,690
75.6
65,693
70.2
1,355
64,338
4,997
7.1
22,873

93,646
70,835
75.6
65,674
70.1
1,342
64,332
5,160
7.3
22,811

93,731
70,773
75.5
65,694
70.1
1,338
64,356
5,079
7.2
22,958

93,809
71,047
75.7
66,056
70.4
1,330
64,726
4,992
7.0
22,762

93,986
71,056
75.6
65,999
70.2
1,317
64,682
5,057
7.1
22,930

94,076
71,259
75.7
66,265
70.4
1,327
64,938
4,994
7.0
22,817

94,169
70,872
75.3
66,033
70.1
1,326
64,707
4,839
6.8
23,297

100,367
57,980
57.8
53,907
53.7
159
53,748
4,073
7.0
42,387

100,445
57,890
57.6
53,921
53.7
158
53,763
3,969
6.9
42,555

100,523
58,188
57.9
54,179
53.9
158
54,021
4,009
6.9
42,335

100,606
58,354
58.0
54,274
53.9
157
54,117
4,080
7.0
42,252

100,671
58,125
57.7
54,042
53.7
157
53,885
4,083
7.0
42,546

100,734
58,149
57.7
54,271
53.9
157
54,114
3,879
6.7
42,585

100,809
58,091
57.6
54,388
54.0
155
54,233
3,704
6.4
42,718

100,887
58,061
57.6
54,214
53.7
154
54,060
3,846
6.6
42,826

100,959
58,567
58.0
54,701
54.2
154
54,547
3,866
6.6
42,392

101,119
58,485
57.8
54,772
54.2
154
54,618
3,712
6.3
42,634

101,199
58,594
57.9
54,927
54.3
155
54,772
3,667
6.3
42,605

101,284
58,585
57.8
54,906
54.2
156
54,750
3,678
6.3
42,699

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
EmploymenNpopulation ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate"
Not in labor force
Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

93,896
71,082
75.7
66,006
70.3
1,323
64,683
5,075 j
7.11
22,814

Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

1
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
4
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident




101,037
58,522
57.9
54,689
54.1
154
54,535
3,833
6.5
42,515

Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1992
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

1993
Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

191,947 192,131 192,316 192,509 192,644 192,786 192,959 193,126 193,283 193,456 193,633 193,793 193,971
127,274 127,066 127,365 127,591 127,083 127,327 127,429 127,341 128,131 128,127 128,070 128,370 127,975
66.0
66.0
66.2
66.1
66.0
66.3
66.3
66.3
66.2
65.9
66.1
66.2
66.0
117,724 117,687 118,064 118,311 118,071 118,451 118,565 118,416 119,273 119,219 119,301 119,710 119,457
61.3
61.4
61.4
61.3
61.4
61.5
61.3
61.7
61.6
61.3
61.6
61.8
61.6
8,876 8,864 8,925 8,858 8,908 8,769 8,661
9,280 9,013
9,550 9,379 9,301
8,517
7.1
7.0
7.3
7.4
7.0
7.3
7.5
6.9
7.0
7.0
6.8
6.7
6.7

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

91,739
69,453
75.7
63,976
69.7
2,573
61,403
5,477
7.9
22,286

91,844
69,334
75.5
63,924
69.6
2,550
61,374
5,410
7.8
22,510

91,951
69,335
75.4
64,043
69.6
2,541
61,502
5,292
7.6
22,616

92,060
69,394
75.4
64,194
69.7
2,593
61,601
5,200
7.5
22,666

92,130
69,115
75.0
64,186
69.7
2,534
61,651
4,929
7.1
23,015

92,208
69,335
75.2
64,338
69.8
2,521
61,817
4,997
7.2
22,873

92,304
69,493
75.3
64,332
69.7
2,434
61,899
5,160
7.4
22,811

92,393
69,435
75.2
64,356
69.7
2,462
61,893
5,079
7.3
22,958

92,479
69,717
75.4
64,726
70.0
2,450
62,276
4,992
7.2
22,762

92,573
69,759
75.4
64,683
69.9
2,396
62,288
5,075
7.3
22,814

92,669
69,739
75.3
64,682
69.8
2,381
62,301
5,057
7.3
22,930

92,749
69,932
75.4
64,938
70.0
2,321
62,616
4,994
7.1
22,817

92,843
69,546
74.9
64,707
69.7
2,461
62,246
4,839
7.0
23,297

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

85,075
65,805
77.3
61,125
71.8
2,382
58,743
4,680
7.1
19,270

85,159
65,811
77.3
61,088
71.7
2,378
58,710
4,723
7.2
19,348

85,259
65,740
77.1
61,206
71.8
2,326
58,880
4,534
6.9
19,519

85,369
65,785
77.1
61,326
71.8
2,371
58,955
4,459
6.8
19,584

85,445
65,624
76.8
61,423
71.9
2,340
59,083
4,201
6.4
19,821

85,554
65,734
76.8
61,479
71.9
2,299
59,180
4,255
6.5
19,820

85,664
65,901
76.9
61,466
71.8
2,248
59,218
4,435
6.7
19,763

85,731
65,819
76.8
61,579
71.8
2,273
59,305
4,240
6.4
19,912

85,816!
66,157]
77.1
61,892
72.1
2,237
59,655
4,266
6.4
19,659

85,872
66,143
77.0
61,847
72.0
2,212
59,636
4,295
6.5
19,729

85,950
66,136
76.9
61,816
71.9
2,228
59,588
4,320
6.5
19,814

86,002
66,274
77.1
62,011
72.1
2,164
59,847
4,263
6.4
19,728

86,075
66,020
76.7
61,842
71.8
2,269
59,573
4,178
6.3
20,055

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2....
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

100,208
57,821
57.7
53,748
53.6
648
53,100
4,073
7.0
42,387

100,287
57,732
57.6
53,763
53.6
619
53,144
3,969
6.9
42,555

100,365
58,030
57.8
54,021
53.8
668
53,353
4,009
6.9
42,335

100,449
58,197
57.9
54,117
53.9
669
53,448
4,080
7.0
42,252

100,514
57,968
57.7
53,885
53.6
657
53,228
4,083
7.0
42,546

100,577
57,992
57.7
54,114
53.8
596
53,518
3,879
6.7
42,585

100,654
57,936
57.6
54,233
53.9
649
53,584
3,704
6.4
42,718

100,733
57,907
57.5
54,060
53.7
598
53,462
3,846
6.6
42,826

100,805
58,413
57.9
54,547
54.1
620
53,927
3,866
6.6
42,392

100,883
58,368
57.9
54,535
54.1
628
53,908
3,833
6.6
42,515

100,965
58,331
57.8
54,618
54.1
658
53,960
3,712
6.4
42,634

101,044
58,439
57.8
54,772
54.2
659
54,113
3,667
6.3
42,605

101,128
58,429
57.8
54,750
54.1
634
54,116
3,678
6.3
42,699

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2....
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

93,703
54,611
58.3
51,141
54.6
594
50,547
3,470
6.4
39,092

93,771
54,578
58.2
51,182
54.6
584
50,598
3,396
6.2
39,193

93,849
54,832
58.4
51,435
54.8
616
50,819
3,397
6.2
39,017

93,960
55,010
58.5
51,494
54.8
613
50,881
3,516
6.4
38,950

94,007
54,733
58.2
51,246
54.5
608
50,638
3,486
6.4
39,274

94,088
54,742
58.2
51,466
54.7
551
50,915
3,276
6.0
39,346

94,148
54,779
58.2
51,668
54.9
618
51,050
3,111
5.7
39,369

94,214
54,704
58.1
51,433
54.6
576
50,856
3,271
6.0
39,510

94,264
55,020
58.4
51,801
55.0
594
51,207
3,219
5.9
39,244

94,315
55,169
58.5
51,903
55.0
591
51,312
3,267
5.9
39,146

94,425
55,053
58.3
51,854
54.9
623
51,231
3,198
5.8
39,372

94,490
55,238
58.5
52,088
55.1
620
51,468
3,150
5.7
39,252

94,575
55,163
58.3
52,007
55.0
590
51,417
3,156
5.7
39,412

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

13,169 13,200 13,208 13,181 13,191 13,143 13,147 13,181 13,203 13,270 13,258 13,301 13,321
6,749 6,819
6,953 6,815
6,858 6,677 6,793 6,796 6,726 6,851
6,858 6,791
6,881
52.7
51.7
52.1
51.0
51.4
51.3
51.6
51.4
50.6
51.9
51.6
52.1
51.0
5,405 5,580 5,469 5,630 5,610
5,506 5,431
5,401
5,423 5,491
5,458 5,417
5,608
41.9
41.0
40.9
41.7
42.3
41.3
41.1
41.2
41.0
41.4
42.5
42.2
42.1
239
211
216
266
243
278
267
221
207
188
196
245
236
5,341
5,194
5,240 5,215
5,158
5,213
5,156
5,248 5,442 5,414
5,210
5,213
5,372
1,373
1,414
1,318
1,345
1,325
1,305
1,370
1,346
1,260
1,251
1,400
1,183
1,248
19.6
19.7
19.7
20.7
19.5
19.2
20.2
19.8
18.9
20.4
18.2
18.2
17.4
6,292
6,465
6,250
6,362
6,398
6,385
6,415
6,455
6,523
6,311
6,377 6,443 6,530

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional

38




population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1992
Sept.

Oct.

1993

Nov.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

162,891 163,013 163,132 163,259 163,343 163,429 163,543 163,649 163,748 163,857 163,971 164,074 164,190
108,606 108,483 108,723 108,946 108,729 108,754 108,998 108,589 109,277 109,484 109,381 109,705 109,357
66.6
66.5
66.6
66.7
66.4
66.6
66.7
66.5
66.7
66.7
66.8
66.9
66.6
101,412 101,458 101,816 102,043 101,987 102,109 102,339 102,035 102,675 102,784 102,790 103,223 102,978
62.6
62.5
62.4
62.5
62.3
62.4
62.7
62.2
62.3
62.7
62.7
62.9
62.7
7,194 7,025 6,907 6,903 6,742 6,645 6,659 6,554 6,602 6,700 6,591 6,482 6,379
6.1
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.0
6.4
6.0
6.5
6.6
6.0
5.9
5.8
6.1

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed

56,902 56,910 56,858 56,937 56,895 56,942 57,070 56,895 57,073 57,172 57,110 57,223 57,045
77.6
77.6
77.5
77.6
77.3
77.5
77.7
77.6
77.5
77.8
77.4
77.6
77.3
53,279 53,305 53,369 53,543 53,615 53,649 53,656 53,667 53,834 53,919 53,769 53,984 53,875
73.0
73.0
73.0
72.8
72.9
73.0
72.8
73.1
72.8
73.2
72.9
73.2
73.0
3,623 3,605 3,489 3,394 3,280 3,293 3,414 3,228 3,240 3,253 3,341 3,239 3,170
5.8
6.0
6.1
5.7
6.0
5.8
6.3
6.4
5.7
5.7
5.9
5.7
5.6

Unemployment rate
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

45,888 45,905 46,095 46,240 46,096 46,002 46,142 45,908 46,321 46,556 46,486 46,613 46,465
58.1
58.1
58.3
57.7
57.9
58.1
57.9
58.5
58.2
57.9
58.4
58.5
58.3
43,326 43,365 43,661 43,667 43,583 43,626 43,839 43,564 43,943 44,061 44,137 44,310 44,149
55.2
54.9
55.0
54.8
54.9
55.0
54.7
55.3
55.2
54.7
55.4
55.6
55.4
2,562 2,540 2,434 2,573 2,513 2,377 2,303 2,345 2,377 2,495 2,349 2,303 2,316
5.0
5.5
5.6
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.1
5.5
5.6
5.1
4.9
5.0

5,816
55.4
4,807
45.8

1,009
17.3
18.7
15.8

5,668
54.0
4,788
45.6
880
15.5
15.9
15.1

5,770
54.9
4,786
45.5
984
17.1
17.7
16.4

5,769
54.9
4,833
46.0
936
16.2
17.2
15.1

5,738
54.5
4,789
45.5
949
16.5
18.1
14.9

5,810
55.2
4,834
45.9
976
16.8
17.9
15.6

5,786
54.9
4,844
46.0
942
16.3
16.5
16.0

5,785
54.9
4,804
45.6
981
17.0
19.2
14.5

5,883
55.7

4,898
46.4
985
16.7
17.0
16.5

5,755
54.5
4,804
45.5
951
16.5
19.0
13.8

5,785
54.7
4,884
46.2
901
15.6
17.8
13.1

5,869
55.4
4,929
46.5
940
16.0
17.9
13.9

5,847
55.1

4,954
46.7
893
15.3
16.0
14.5

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

22,027 22,061 22,096 22,131 22,157 22,184 22,217 22,249 22,280 22,313 22,346 22,375 22,408
13,981 13,948 13,894 13,935 13,822 14,018 13,834 13,872 13,955 13,921 13,930 13,980 13,946
62.4
62.3
62.4
63.0
62.9
63.2
63.2
63.5
62.6
62.4
62.3
62.5
62.2
12,033 11,984 11,948 11,960 11,853 12,186 11,962 11,959 12,157 12,068 12,134 12,239 12,190
53.7
53.8
54.0
54.1
54.3
54.9
53.5
54.6
54.1
54.6
54.7
54.3
54.4
1,948 1,964 1,946 1,975 1,969 1,832 1,871 1,913 1,798 1,854 1,796 1,741 1,756
13.8
13.5
13.1
14.2
14.1
14.0
13.9
14.2
12.9
13.3
12.9
12.5
12.6

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,495
73.1
5,620
63.2
875
13.5

6,499
73.0

6,481
72.6

5,611
63.0
888
13.7

5,640
63.2
841
13.0

6,675
60.3

6,682
60.3
5,930
53.5
752
11.3

6,639
59.9

6,450
72.1
5,589
62.5
861
13.3

6,486
72.4
5,645
63.1
841
13.0

6,534
72.9
5,754
64.2
781
11.9

6,491
72.3
5,640
62.8
851
13.1

6,412
71.3

5,597
62.2
815
12.7

6,485
72.0
5,699
63.2
786
12.1

6,494
71.9
5,669
62.8
826
12.7

6,515
72.0
5,754
63.6
761
11.7

6,579
72.7
5,781
63.8
799
12.1

6,513
71.9

6,687
60.2
5,889
53.0
798
11.9

6,536
58.8
5,717
51.4
819
12.5

6,683
60.0

6,584
59.1
5,897
52.9
687
10.4

6,659
59.6
5,936
53.2
723
10.9

6,632
59.3
5,958
53.3
674
10.2

6,662
59.5

6,593
58.8

5,951
53.2
711
10.7

5,851
52.2
742
11.3

6,623
59.0
5,924
52.8
699
10.6

6,677
59.4
5,992
53.3
685
10.3

5,712
63.1
801
12.3

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,944
53.7
731
11.0

5,854
52.8
785
11.8

5,936
53.3
747
11.2

See footnotes at end of table.




39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1993

1992
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2....
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

811
39.1
469
22.6
342
42.2
44.3
39.8

767
36.9
443
21.3
324
42.2
44.2
39.8

774
37.2
454
21.8
320
41.3
44.8
37.5

798
38.3
482
23.2
316
39.6
42.2
36.5

800
38.4
490
23.5
310
38.7
39.0
38.5

800
38.4
496
23.8
304
38.0
37.4
38.6

758
36.3
425
20.4
333
43.9
45.4
42.0

801
38.4
426
20.4
375
46.8
47.9
45.3

838
40.1
500
23.9
338
40.3
40.3
40.4

765
36.6
448
21.4
317
41.4
36.9
46.6

822
39.2
529
25.3
293
35.6
37.1
33.9

778
37.0
534
25.4
244
31.4
32.6
29.9

756
35.7
486
23.0
270
35.7
40.0
30.8

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2....
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

15,342 15,382 15,421 15,461 15,500 15,540 15,585 15,635 15,681 15,729 15,777 15,824 15,871
10,213 10,210 10,211 10,351 10,225 10,280 10,343 10,210 10,232 10,255 10,348 10,291 10,427
66.1
66.9
66.2
66.4
66.0
65.2
65.3
66.4
65.6
65.2
66.6
65.0
65.7
8,990 9,145
9,166
9,043 9,108
9,239 9,206 9,221
9,148
9,028 9,011
9,295 9,411
59.1
58.3
58.8
58.6
58.3
58.9
58.5
58.6
58.5
58.8
58.4
58.7
59.3
1,206
1,177
1,182
1,221
993
1,171
1,199
1,062
1,050
1,185
1,127
996
1,016
11.7
11.4
11.6
12.0
9.7
11.4
10.4
11.6
10.9
10.2
11.7
9.7
9.7

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
2

40




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1992

1993

Category
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

CHARACTERISTIC

Total
Married men, spouse present ....
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families ...

117,724 117,687 118,064 118,311 118,071 118,451 118,565 118,416 119,273 119,219 119,301 119,710 119,457
40,292 40,324 40,487 40,639 40,607 40,903 40,902 41,002 41,188 41,044 40,882 40,754 40,773
30,108 30,030 30,244 30,403 30,298 30,515 30,669 30,171 30,401 30,329 30,261 30,555 30,431
6,639 6,626 6,585 6,548 6,555 6,615 6,792 6,942 6,826 6,780 6,823 6,887 6,891

OCCUPATION

Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

31,174 31,289 31,529 31,485 31,874 31,907 32,272 31,682 32,056 32,149 32,361 32,509 32,540
36,700
16,274
13,318
16,829
3,509

36,538
16,076
13,328
16,907
3,547

36,804
15,999
13,203
17,030
3,507

36,799
16,226
13,271
16,959
3,525

36,363
16,414
12,937
17,132
3,403

1,694
1,397

1,656
1,405
118

1,685
1,370
163

1,735
1,397
106

1,661
1,404
145

36,403
16,505
13,086
17,232
3,288

36,785
16,666
13,324
17,087
3,356

36,877
16,532
13,469
16,870
3,280

37,223
16,396
13,236
16,798
3,279

36,878
16,419
13,788
16,904
3,235

36,748
16,527
13,530
16,919
3,326

1,632
1,324
105

1,586

1,584
1,335

1,544
1,307
116

1,663

100

1,619
1,320
89

105,883 106,163 106,447 106,055 106,777 106,870
18,481 18,507 18,536 18,471 18,604 18,611
87,402 87,655 87,911 87,583 88,173 88,258
1,061
1,071
1,143
1,113
1,089 1,043
86,341 86,584 86,769 86,470 87,084 87,215
8,793 9,065 8,832 8,950 9,246 9,164
250
226
234
206
193
148

106,924
18,399
88,524
1,075
87,449
9,118
199

36,767 36,332
16,461 16,436
12,841 12,867
17,341 17,175
3,319
3,385

INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

108

105,643 105,863 105,913 105,978
18,505 18,371 18,216 18,065
87,138 87,492 87,697 87,913
1,109
1,091
1,102
1,158
85,980 86,390 86,588 86,822
8,662 8,558 8,700 8,668
220
221
189
217

1,614
1,363
136

1,568
1,377
130

1,368
111

1,327
85

107,416 107,197
18,571 18,539
88,845 88,658
1,155 1,137
87,690 87,521

9,032
249

8,911
251

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

6,362 6,434 6,493 6,349 6,113 6,461 6,194 6,458 6,580 6,322 6,489 6,531 6,498
3,171 3,160 3,161 3,206 2,994 3,150 3,039 3,128 3,206 3,417 3,050 3,250 3,206
2,879 2,988 3,060 2,865 2,887 2,991 2,855 3,000 3,034 2,698 3,033 2,969 2,971
14,805 14,726 14,834 14,895 14,788 14,698 14,799 14,529 15,034 15,612 15,140 15,326 15,152

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

6,230 6,063 5,887 6,242 5,965 6,238 6,268 6,176 6,255 6,287 6,251
2,993 2,984 3,024 2,800 2,990 2,887 2,963 3,028 3,272 2,880 3,100 3,032
2,905 2,998 2,793 2,849 2,931 2,781 2,904 2,919 2,631 2,983 2,877 2,916
14,358 14,324 14,413 14,476 14,364 14,282 14,319 14,129 14,556 15,205 14,714 14,954 14,726
6,096

6,151

3,001
2,826

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey




period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

41

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1992

1993

Sex and age
Sept.
Total, 16 years and over ...

17,603
5,458
2,083
3,384
12,145
100,128
85,539
14,607

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Apr.

Mar.

May

July

June

Aug.

Sept.

117,724 117,687 118,064 118,311 118,071 118,451 118,565 118,416 119,273 119,219 119,301 119,710 119,457
17,488
5,417
2,024
3,401
12,071
100,206
85,588
14,598

17,606
5,423
2,028
3,384
12,183
100,419
85,726
14,729

17,690
5,491
2,093
3,379
12,199
100,603
85,942
14,643

17,547
5,401
2,074
3,335
12,146
100,481
85,956
14,599

17,659
5,506
2,146
3,381
12,152
100,904
86,041
14,872

17,622
5,431
2,059
3,375
12,191
100,941
86,338
14,642

17,517
5,405
2,020
3,380
12,112
100,825
86,247
14,620

17,791
5,580
2,212
3,361
12,211
101,463
86,612
14,741

17,684
5,469
2,050
3,389
12,215
101,503
86,712
14,792

17,798
5,630
2,156
3,429
12,168
101,507
86,977
14,581

17,690
5,610
2,194
3,408
12,080
102,029
87,227
14,840

17,678
5,608
2,201
3,434
12,070
101,764
87,223
14,570

63,976 63,924 64,043 64,194 64,186 64,338 64,332 64,356 64,726 64,683 64,682 64,938 64,707
9,275 9,165 9,295 9,262 9,062 9,165 9,158 9,200 9,283 9,186
9,278 9,236 9,241
2,851 2,836 2,837 2,868 2,763 2,859 2,867 2,777 2,834 2,836 2,866 2,926 2,865
1,064
1,068
1,048
1,111
1,099
1,105
1,116
1,040
1,125
1,064
1,113
1,141
1,119
1,773
1,769
1,757
1,728
1,755
1,758
1,741
1,755
1,706
1,744
1,722
1,749
1,770
6,427 6,400 6,404 6,407 6,402 6,436 6,396 6,285 6,331
6,322 6,334 6,357 6,321
54,694 54,690 54,808 54,918 55,002 55,114 55,031 55,220 55,544 55,503 55,505 55,655 55,530
46,455 46,478 46,495 46,624 46,775 46,733 46,803 46,980 47,197 47,185 47,349 47,385 47,344
8,243 8,214 8,328 8,270 8,305 8,404 8,269 8,238 8,304 8,278 8,194 8,292 8,194

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over

53,748 53,763 54,021 54,117 53,885 54,114 54,233 54,060 54,547 54,535 54,618 54,772 54,750
8,325 8,252 8,365 8,415 8,382 8,364 8,360 8,456 8,626 8,526 8,598 8,407 8,491
2,607 2.581 2,586 2,623 2,638 2,647 2,564 2,628 2,746 2,633 2,764 2,684 2,743
956
964
994 1,026
1,041
943
972
980 1,087
986 1,043
1,053
1,082
1,628
1,617
1,615
1,622
1,607
1,629
1,626
1,639
1,655
1,645
1,707
1,659
1,664
5,779 5,792 5,744 5,717 5,796 5,828 5,879 5,893 5,834 5,723 5,748
5,718 6,671
45,434 45,516 45,611 45,685 45,479 45,790 45,910 45,605 45,919 46,000 46,002 46,374 46,233
39,084 39,110 39,231 39,318 39,181 39,308 39,535 39,267 39,415 39,527 39,628 39,842 39,879
6,373 6,294 6,469 6,372 6,381
6,364 6,384 6,401
6,437 6,514 6,387 6,548 6,376

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

A-37. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1992

1993

Sex and age
Sept.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

;

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

42



Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

9,550

9,379

9,301

9,280

9,013

8,876

8,864

8,925

8,858

8,908

8,769

8,661

8,517

2,961
1,400
650
757
1,561
6,607
5,849
769

2,753
1,260
575
689
1,493
6,622
5,863
760

2,884
1,370
634
737
1,514
6,428
5,719
723

2,854
1,305
585
733
1,549
6,432
5,756
699

2,846
1,325
654
644
1,521
6,203
5,518
684

2,872
1,345
580
757
1,527
5,998
5,343
663

2,767
1,318
662
663
1,449
6,058
5,407
637

2,850
1,414
600
814
1,436
6,049
5,406
626

2,938
1,373
593
799
1,565
5,891
5,237
647

2,758
1,346
639
703
1,412
6,204
5,516
660

2,687
1,251
546
704
1,436
6,073
5,451
656

2,696
1,248
529
702
1,448
5,940
5,277
682

2,504
1,183
504
688
1,321
6,007
5,286
742

5,477

5,410

5,292

5,200

4,929

4,997

5,160

5,079

4,992

5,075

5,057

4,994

4,839

1,647
797
360
436
850
3,829
3,374
466

1,549
687
311
383
862
3,855
3,390
474

1,645
758
356
402
887
3,656
3,246
437

1,601
741
320
419
860
3,604
3,173
440

1,581
728
369
347
853
3,399
3,011
399

1,574
742
330
410
832
3,429
3,039
394

1,553
725
355
377
828
3,572
3,133
414

1,657
839
336
500
818
3,423
3,025
384

1,619
726
329
413
893
3,338
2,938
409

1,590
780
401
380
810
3,496
3,099
364

1,546
737
323
414
809
3,503
3,091
420

1,588
731
310
413
857
3,392
2,960
445

1,437
661
276
385
776
3,385
2,925
477

4,073

3,969

4,009

4,080

4,083

3,879

3,704

3,846

3,866

3,833

3,712

3,667

3,678

1,314
603
290
321
711
2,778
2,475
303

1,204
573
264
306
631
2,767
2,473
286

1,239
612
278
335
627
2,772
2,473
286

1,253
564
265
314
689
2,828
2,583
259

1,266
597
285
297
669
2,804
2,507
285

1,299
603
250
347
696
2,569
2,304
269

1,214
593
307
286
621
2,485
2,274
222

1,193
575
264
314
618
2,626
2,381
242

1,318
647
264
386
671
2,553
2,300
238

1,168
566
238
323
602
2,708
2,417
296

1,141
514
223
290
627
2,570
2,361
237

1,109
517
219
289
592
2,548
2,317
237

1,067
522
228
303
545
2,622
2,361
265

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1992

1993

Sex and age

Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over




Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

7.5

7.4

7.3

7.3

7.1

7.0

7.0

7.0

6.9

7.0

6.8

6.7

6.7

14.4
20.4
23.8
18.3
11.4
6.2
6.4
5.0

13.6
18.9
22.1
16.8
11.0
6.2
6.4
4.9

14.1
20.2
23.8
17.9
11.1
6.0
6.3
4.7

13.9
19.2
21.8
17.8
11.3
6.0
6.3
4.6

14.0
19.7
24.0
16.2
11.1
5.8
6.0
4.5

14.0
19.6
21.3
18.3
11.2
5.6
5.8
4.3

13.6
19.5
24.3
16.4
10.6
5.7
5.9
4.2

14.0
20.7
22.9
19.4
10.6
5.7
5.9
4.1

14.2
19.7
21.1
19.2
11.4
5.5
5.7
4.2

13.5
19.8
23.8
17.2
10.4
5.8
6.0
4.3

13.1
18.2
20.2
17.0
10.6
5.6
5.9
4.3

13.2
18.2
19.4
17.1
10.7
5.5
5.7
4.4

12.4
17.4
18.6
16.7
9.9
5.6
5.7
4.8

7.9

7.8

7.6

7.5

7.1

7.2

7.4

7.3

7.2

7.3

7.3

7.1

7.0

15.1
21.8
24.5
19.9
11.7
6.5
6.8
5.4

14.4
19.5
22.6
17.8
11.9
6.6
6.8
5.5

15.1
21.1
25.1
18.5
12.2
6.3
6.5
5.0

14.7
20.5
22.6
19.3
11.8
6.2
6.4
5.1

14.720.9
26.0
16.7
11.8
5.8
6.0
4.6

14.5
20.6
23.0
18.9
11.4
5.9
6.1
4.5

14.4
20.2
24.1
17.7
11.5
6.1
6.3
4.8

15.5
23.2
24.4
22.3
11.5
5.8
6.0
4.5

15.0
20.4
22.6
19.5
12.4
5.7
5.9
4.7

14.8
21.6
27.4
17.9
11.4
5.9
6.2
4.2

14.4
20.5
22.5
19.4
11.3
5.9
6.1
4.9

14.6
20.0
21.4
19.1
11.9
5.7
5.9
5.1

13.5
18.7
19.8
17.9
10.9
5.7
5.8
5.5

7.0

6.9

6.9

7.0

7.0

6.7

6.4

6.6

6.6

6.6

6.4

6.3

6.3

13.6
18.8
23.0
16.5
11.1
5.8
6.0
4.5

12.7
18.2
21.6
15.8
10.0
5.7
5.9
4.3

12.9
19.1
22.4
17.2
9.8
5.7
5.9
4.3

13.0
17.7
21.0
16.2
10.6
5.8
6.2
3.9

13.1
18.5
21.7
15.6
10.4
5.8
6.0
4.3

13.4
18.6
19.4
17.6
10.8
5.3
5.5
4.0

12.7
18.8
24.6
15.0
9.7
5.1
5.4
3.4

12.4
18.0
21.2
16.1
9.6
5.4
5.7
3.7

13.3
19.1
19.5
18.9
10.2
5.3
5.5
3.6

12.0
17.7
19.4
16.4
9.3
5.6
5.8
4.3

11.7
15.7
17.6
14.5
9.7
5.3
5.6
3.6

11.7
16.2
17.2
14.8
9.4
5.2
5.5
3.5

11.2
16.0
17.4
15.4
8.7
5.4
5.6
4.0

43

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)

1992

1993

Category
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug. Sept

7.5
7.1
6.4
20.4

7.4
7.2
6.2
18.9

7.3
6.9
6.2
20.2

7.3
6.8
6.4
19.2

7.1

6.4
6.4
19.7

7.0
6.5
6.0
19.6

7.0
6.7
5.7
19.5

7.0
6.4
6.0
20.7

6.9
6.4

5.9
19.7

7.0
6.5
5.9
19.8

6.8
6.5
5.8
18.2

6.7
6.4
5.7
18.2

6.7
6.3
5.7
17.4

6.6
12.6
13.9
11.6

6.5
12.5
14.1
11.7

6.4
12.6
14.0
12.0

6.3
12.8
14.2
11.7

6.2
12.9
14.2
11.6

6.1
12.0
13.1
11.4

6.1
12.0
13.5
11.4

6.0
12.5
13.8
10.4

6.0
11.7
12.9
9.7

6.1
12.0
13.3
10.2

6.0
11.7
12.9
10.9

5.9
11.6
12.5
9.7

5.8
11.5
12.6
9.7

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

5.2
5.0
9.1

5.1
5.1
9.3

4.9
5.0
10.4

4.8
5.0
10.3

4.5
4.9

4.7
4.3
9.0

4.5
4.8
9.6

4.5
4.5

10.6

4.5
4.4
10.2

4.4
4.7
9.8

4.6
4.7
9.8

4.4
4.4
8.7

4.2
4.6
8.7

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

7.2
9.5
2.8
8.3

7.1
9.2
2.8
8.3

7.0
9.2
2.7
8.3

6.9
9.7
2.8
8.1

6.7
9.3
2.6
7.9

6.6
9.1
2.5
7.9

6.6
8.9
2.4
7.9

6.6
9.7
2.3
7.8

6.6
8.4
2.3
7.9

6.6
8.9
2.2
7.8

6.7
8.3
2.4
7.8

6.5
8.4
2.4
7.7

6.4
8.6
2.4
7.6

3.2
5.9
8.6
11.1
8.9

3.2
6.0
8.6
11.0
7.9

3.1
5.7
8.6
10.6
8.8

3.2
5.8
8.8
10.0
8.7

3.3
5.5
7.9
9.8
8.5

3.5
5.2
7.8
9.9
9.0

3.1
5.1
8.4
10.3
8.3

3.0
5.4
8.7
9.7
8.6

3.1
5.3
8.0
9.9
7.4

2.8
5.7
8.3
10.1
7.7

2.6
5.3
8.7
10.2
8.2

2.7
5.4
7.3
10.6
7.2

2.7
5.3
7.5
10.4
7.6

7.8
10.1
7.2

7.8
9.9
8.3
16.1
8.2
8.9
7.3
7.0
5.8
8.1
6.4
3.0
12.5

7.5
9.3
5.3

7.5
9.0
5.5
15.7
7.2
7.5
6.9
6.9
5.6
8.0
6.5
3.6
12.2

7.3
8.8
7.8

7.2
8.6
7.1
13.7
7.2
6.9
7.5
6.6
4.6
7.8
6.1
3.6
13.1

7.2
9.0
5.5
15.3
7.3
7.0
7.6
6.4
4.9
7.9
5.7
3.6
12.1

7.2
8.9
8.6

7.2
9.0
10.9
15.4

7.2
9.2
7.1
15.5
7.4
7.6
7.1
6.4
4.3
7.9
5.8
3.5
11.9

7.1
9.4
5.9
16.8
7.4
6.9
8.0
6.1
4.8
7.4
5.5
3.5
11.8

7.0
9.1
7.4

7.0
8.9
8.0
14.2
7.4
7.5
7.3
6.2
5.4
7.4
5.6
2.8
9.7

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin

OCCUPATION3
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1

17.4
8.1
8.4

7.7
6.9
5.7
8.5
6.0
3.4
14.3

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.
2

44




14.5
8.0
8.5
7.3
6.7
6.1
7.9
6.1
3.8
13.5

14.3
7.3
7.3
7.2
6.7
4.9
7.9
6.3
3.6
11.6

14.5
7.2
7.2
7.3
6.6
5.0
8.3
5.7
3.4

11.2

7.1
7.0
7.3

6.4
5.5
8.2
5.4
3.1
10.4

15.1
7.4
7.3
7.5
6.1
5.5
7.5
5.4
3.3
12.5

3
Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not available
because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle
and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with
sufficient precision.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1992

1993

Weeks of unemployment
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

3,281
2,847
3,522
1,427
2,095

3,192
2,666
3,564
1,475
2,089

3,120
2,835
3,446
1,438
2,008

3,042
2,688
3,605
1,540
2,065

3,272
2,481
3,317
1,407
1,910

3,232
2,487
3,143
1,236
1,907

3,102
2,566
3,073
1,259
1,814

3,355
2,496
2,926
1,276
1,650

3,315
2,482
3,004
1,261
1,743

3,282
2,789
2,849
1,146
1,703

3,268
2,539
3,037
1,291
1,747

2,994
2,659
3,032
1,293
1,739

3,021
2,449
3,113
1,368
1,745

18.5
9.3

19.2
9.3

18.4
9.4

19.2
9.4

18.7
8.5

18.3
8.2

17.5
8.3

17.4
8.5

17.6
8.1

17.6
8.1

17.9
8.2

18.3
8.4

18.5
9.1

100.0
34.0
29.5
36.5
14.8
21.7

100.0
33.9
28.3
37.8
15.7
22.2

100.0
33.2
30.2
36.7
15.3
21.4

100.0
32.6
28.8
38.6
16.5
22.1

100.9
36.1
27.4
36.6
15.5
21.1

100.0
36.5
28.1
35.5
13.9
21.5

100.0
35.5
29.4
35.2
14.4
20.7

100.0
38.2
28.4
33.3
14.5
18.8

100.0
37.7
28.2
34.1
14.3
19.8

100.0
36.8
31.3
31.9
12.9
19.1

100.0
37.0
28.7
34.3
14.6
19.7

100.0
34.5
30.6
34.9
14.9
20.0

100.0
35.2
28.5
36.3
15.9
20.3

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1993

1992
Reasons for unemployment
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec,

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

5,438
1,335
4,103
963
2,274
944

5,492
1,265
4,227
913
2,206
784

5,207
1,195
4,012
977
2,194
930

5,138
1,204
3,934
972
2,237
930

4,847
1,029
3,818
821
2,346
960

4,648
1,049
3,599
1,046
2,299
887

4,812
1,076
3,735
1,096
2,047
930

4,821
1,036
3,785
1,007
2,172
940

4,690
1,155
3,536
967
2,294
906

4,860
1,144
3,716
945
2,223
866

4,954
1,214
3,740
906
2,113
864

4,943
1,229
3,713
831
2,066
825

4,726
1,104
3,622
922
2,062
842

100.0
56.5
13.9
42.7
10.0
23.6
9.8

100.0
58.5
13.5
45.0
9.7
23.5
8.3

100.0
55.9
12.8
43.1
10.5
23.6
10.0

100.0
55.4
13.0
42.4
10.5
24.1
10.0

100.0
54.0
11.5
42.5
9.1
26.1
10.7

100.0
52.3
11.8
40.5
11.8
25.9
10.0

100.0
54.2
12.1
42.0
12.3
23.0
10.5

100.0
53.9
11.6
42.3
11.3
24.3
10.5

100.0
52.9
13.0
39.9
10.9
25.9
10.2

100.0
54.6
12.9
41.8
10.6
25.0
9.7

100.0
56.1
13.7
42.3
10.2
23.9
9.8

100.0
57.0
14.2
42.9
9.6
23.8
9.5

100.0
55.3
12.9
42.4
10.8
24.1
9.8

4.3
.8
1.8
.7

4.3
.7
1.7
.6

4.1
.8
1.7
.7

4.0
.8
1.8
.7

3.8
.6
1.8
.8

3.7
.8
1.8
.7

3.8
.9
1.6
.7

3.8
.8
1.7
.7

3.7
.8
1.8
.7

3.8
.7
1.7
.7

3.9
.7
1.7
.7

3.9
.6
1.6
.6

3.7
.7
1.6
.7

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




45

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-42. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1990

1991

1992

1993

Employment status and sex
IV

IV

IV

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

189,889
126,410
66.6
119,461
62.9
1,623
117,838
3,137
114,701
6,948
5.5
63,479

190,297
126,639
66.5
119,144
62.6
1,601
117,543
3,211
114,332
7,494
5.9
63,658

190,671
126,551
66.4
118,421
62.1
1,559
116,862
3,175
113,687
8,130
6.4
64,120

190.996
126,863
66.4
118,430
62.0
1,473
116,957
3,244
113,713
8,433
6.6
64,133

191,593
126,834
66.2
118,395
61.8
1,615
116,780
3,262
113,519
8,439
6.7
64,759

192,056
127,279
66.3
118,496
61.7
1,608
116,888
3,226
113,662
8,783
6.9
64,778

192,478
127,843
66.4
118,677
61.7
1,590
117,087
3,184
113,903
9,166
7.2
64,634

192,884
128,600
66.7
119,110
61.8
1,574
117,536
3,212
114,324
9,491
7.4
64,283

193,353
128,909
66.7
119,309
61.7
1,567
117,742
3,215
114,527
9,601
7.4
64,443

193,852
128,874
66.5
119,554
61.7
1,533
118,021
3,213
114,807
9,320
7.2
64,978

194,304
128,788
66.3
119,870
61.7
1,508
118,362
3,130
115,232
8,917
6.9
65,516

194,773
129,351
66.4
120,453
61.8
1,484
118,969
3,051
115,918
8,897
6.9
65,422

195,277
129,617
66.4
120,967
61.9
1,478
119,489
3,038
116,451
8,649
6.7
65,661

91,226
69,626
76.3
65,773
72.1
1,459
64,314
3,853
5.5
21,600

91,425
69,915
76.5
65,684
71.8
1,440
64,244
4,231
6.1
21,510

91,609
69,710
76.1
65,078
71.0
1,402
63,676
4,632
6.6
21,899

91,737
69,758
76.0
64,922
70.8
1,319
63,603
4,836
6.9
21,980

92,103
69,872
75.9
64,970
70.5
1,441
63,529
4,902
7.0
22,230

92,355
69,931
75.7
64,966
70.3
1,434
63,532
4,965
7.1
22,424

92,585
70,160
75.8
64,874
70.1
1,419
63,455
5,286
7.5
22,424

92,807
70,676
76.2
65,200
70.3
1,414
63,786
5,476
7.7
22,131

93,059
70,808
76.1
65,310
70.2
1,408
63,902
5,498
7.8
22,252

93,328
70,730
75.8
65,429
70.1
1,376
64,054
5,301
7.5
22,598

93,566
70,666
75.5
65,637
70.2
1,352
64,285
5,029
7.1
22,900

93,812
70,967
75.6
65,919
70.3
1,330
64,588
5,049
7.1
22,845

94,077
71,062
75.5
66,099
70.3
1,323
64,776
4,963
7.0
23,015

98,663
56,783
57.6
53,687
54.4
163
53,524
3,095
5.5
41,879

98,872
56,723
57.4
53,459
54.1
160
53,299
3,263
5.8
42,148

99,062
56,842
57.4
53,343
53.8
157
53,186
3,499
6.2
42,220

99,259
57,105
57.5
53,508
53.9
154
53,354
3,598
6.3
42,154

99,490
56,962
57.3
53,425
53.7
174
53,251
3,537
6.2
42,528

99,701
57,348
57.5
53,530
53.7
173
53,356
3,818
6.7
42,354

99,893
57,683
57.7
53,803
53.9
170
53,633
3,880
6.7
42,210

100,077
57,924
57.9
53,910
53.9
160
53,750
4,014
6.9
42,153

100,294
58,102
57.9
53,999
53.8
159
53,840
4,103
7.1
42,192

100,525
58,144
57.8
54,125
53.8
158
53,967
4,019
6.9
42,381

100,738
58,122
57.7
54,233
53.8
156
54,077
3,889
6.7
42,616

100,961
58,383
57.8
54,535
54.0
154
54,381
3,848
6.6
42,578

101,200
58,554
57.9
54,869
54.2
155
54,714
3,686
6.3
42,646

Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

1
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
4
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident

46




Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-42 through A-53 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-43. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1992

1991

1990

Employment status,
sex, and age

1993
IV

IV

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

188,266 188,696 189,112 189,523 189,978 190,449 190,888 191,310 191,786 192,319 192,796 193,288 193,799
124,787 125,038 124,992 125,390 125,219 125,671 126,254 127,027 127,343 127,341 127,280 127,866 128,138
66.1
66.0
65.9
66.2
66.3
66.1
66.4
66.2
66.0
66.4
66.3
66.1
66.2
117,838 117,543 116,862 116,957 116,780 116,888 117,087 117,536 117,742 118,021 118,362 118,969 119,489
61.7
61.3
61.4
61.5
62.3
61.8
61.4
61.4
61.7
61.4
61.4
62.6
61.6
9,601
9,320 8,917
6,948 7,494 8,130 8,433 8,439 8,783 9,166 9,491
8,897 8,649
6.7
7.3
6.7
6.0
7.0
6.5
6.7
7.5
7.0
7.3
7.5
5.6
7.0

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

89,767
68,167
75.9
64,314
71.6
2,473
61,841
3,853
5.7
21,600

89,985
68,475
76.1
64,244
71.4
2,536
61,708
4,231
6.2
21,510

90,207
68,308
75.7
63,676
70.6
2,503
61,173
4,632
6.8
21,899

90,418
68,438
75.7
63,603
70.3
2,577
61,025
4,836
7.1
21,980

90,662
68,432
75.5
63,529
70.1
2,573
60,957
4,902
7.2
22,230

90,921
68,497
75.3
63,532
69.9
2,530
61,002
4,965
7.2
22,424

91,165
68,741
75.4
63,455
69.6
2,484
60,971
5,286
7.7
22,424

91,393
69,262
75.8
63,786
69.8
2,528
61,258
5,476
7.9
22,131

91,652
69,400
75.7
63,902
69.7
2,555
61,347
5,498
7.9
22,252

91,952
69,354
75.4
64,054
69.7
2,561
61,492
5,301
7.6
22,598

92,214
69,314
75.2
64,285
69.7
2,496
61,789
5,029
7.3
22,900

92,482
69,637
75.3
64,588
69.8
2,436
62,152
5,049
7.3
22,845

92,754
69,739
75.2
64,776
69.8
2,388
62,388
4,963
7.1
23,015

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2.
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

82,864
64,404
77.7
61,183
73.8
2,267
58,915
3,222
5.0
18,460

83,105
64,699
77.9
61,138
73.6
2,325
58,813
3,561
5.5
18,406

83,376
64,601
77.5
60,668
72.8
2,305
58,363
3,932
6.1
18,775

83,650
64,823
77.5
60,718
72.6
2,371
58,346
4,105
6.3
18,827

83,943
64,907
77.3
60,704
72.3
2,380
58,325
4,203
6.5
19,036

84,254
65,004
77.2
60,746
72.1
2,366
58,380
4,258
6.6
19,250

84,535
65,239
77.2
60,704
71.8
2,329
58,376
4,535
7.0
19,296

84,756
65,743
77.6
61,049
72.0
2,361
58,688
4,694
7.1
19,013

85,010
65,815
77.4
61,100
71.9
2,368
58,732
4,715
7.2
19,195

85,262
65,779
77.1
61,207
71.8
2,358
58,848
4,572
7.0
19,483

85,554
65,753
76.9
61,456
71.8
2,295
59,160
4,297
6.5
19,801

85,806
66,040
77.0
61,773
72.0
2,241
59,532
4,267
6.5
19,766

86,009
66,143
76.9
61,890
72.0
2,220
59,669
4,254
6.4
19,866

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

98,499
56,620
57.5
53,524
54.3
665
52,860
3,095
5.5
41,879

98,711
56,563
57.3
53,299
54.0
675
52,624
3,263
5.8
42,148

98,905
56,685
57.3
53,186
53.8
671
52,515
3,499
6.2
42,220

99,106
56,952
57.5
53,354
53.8
666
52,688
3,598
6.3
42,154

99,316
56,788
57.2
53,251
53.6
689
52,562
3,537
6.2
42,528

99,528
57,174
57.4
53,356
53.6
696
52,660
3,818
6.7
42,354

99,723
57,513
57.7
53,633
53.8
700
52,932
3,880
6.7
42,210

99,917
57,764
57.8
53,750
53.8
684
53,066
4,014
6.9
42,153

100,135
57,943
57.9
53,840
53.8
660
53,179
4,103
7.1
42,192

100,367
57,986
57.8
53,967
53.8
652
53,315
4,019
6.9
42,381

100,582
57,966
57.6
54,077
53.8
634
53,443
3,889
6.7
42,616

100,807
58,229
57.8
54,381
53.9
615
53,766
3,848
6.6
42,578

101,045
58,399
57.8
54,714
54.1
650
54,063
3,686
6.3
42,646

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

91,678
53,139
58.0
50,554
55.1
622
49,932
2,586
4.9
38,539

91,954
53,160
57.8
50,433
54.8
635
49,798
2,727
5.11
38,794

92,203
53,245
57.7
50,337
54.6
638
49,699
2,909
5.5
38,958

92,453
53,578
58.0
50,545
54.7
625
49,921
3,032
5.7
38,875

92,724
53,593
57.8
50,622
54.6
649
49,973
2,971
5.5
39,131

92,955
53,870
58.0
50,654
54.5
662
49,992
3,216
6.0
39,085

93,196
54,280
58.2
50,976
54.7
656
50,320
3,304
6.1
38,916

93,405
54,561
58.4
51,158
54.8
644
50,514
3,404
6.2
38,844

93,633
54,739
58.5
51,232
54.7
610
50,622
3,508
6.4
38,894

93,860
54,807
58.4
51,370
54.7
604
50,766
3,436
6.3
39,053

94,081
54,751
58.2
51,460
54.7
593
50,868
3,291
6.0
39,330

94,264
54,964
58.3
51,712
54.9
587
51,125
3,252
5.9
39,300

94,497
55,151
58.4
51,983
55.0
611
51,372
3,168
5.7
39,346

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

|
|
!
|
j
|

| 13,724 13,637 13,532 13,420 13,312 13,239 13,157 13,149 13,144 13,196 13,160 13,218 13,293
I 7,243 7,179| 7,146 6,989 6,720 6,797 6,734 6,722 6,789 6,755 6,776 6,862 6,843
52.1
52.8
52.6!
51.3
50.5
51.1
51.2
51.7
| 52.8
51.2
51.9
51.5
51.5
5,444 5,446 5,485 5,616
| 6,102 5,973 5,857 5,694 5,454 5,488 5,407 5,329 5,411
43.8
41.5
41.0
42.4
43.3
44.5
41.1
40.5
41.3
41.2
41.5
42.2
41.4
252
198
248
232
248
200
233
207
251
237
224
207
242
5,625 5,446 5,221 5,291
5,854 5,721
5,207 5,122
5,173 5,193 5,204 5,261
5,409
1,206
1,296
1,289
1,141
1,327
1,266 1,309
1,393
1,312
1,378
1,378
1,227
1,329
18.0
16.8
15.8
18.8
18.5
19.7
19.3
19.4
20.3
20.7
20.1
17.9
19.6
6,458 6,386 6,431 6,592 6,442 6,423 6,427 6,355 6,441
6,481
6,385 6,356 6,450

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation,
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional




population.

47

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-44. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1990

1992

1991

1993

IV

IV

IV

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

160,553 160,830 161,095 161,357 161,646 161,947 162,223 162,486 162,788 163,135 163,438 163,751 164,078
107,275 107,273 107,306 107,593 107,393 107,717 108,156 108,545 108,699 108,717 108,827 109,116 109,481
66.7
66.5
66.8
66.4
66.7
66.6
66.7
66.6
66.8
66.8
66.6
66.6
66.7
102,177 101,744 101,085 101,146 100,911 101,012 101,199 101,439 101,498 101,772 102,145 102,498 102,997
62.7
62.4
62.4
62.4
62.4
62.7
63.3
62.4
62.3
63.6
62.5
62.6
62.8
5,098 5,529 6,222 6,447 6,482 6,705 6,957 7,106 7,201 6,945 6,682 6,619 6,484
6.0
6.2
6.5
6.0
6.4
5.8
5.2
6.4
6.6
4.8
6.1
6.1
5.9

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

55,981 56,166 56,090 56,251 56,309 56,341 56,553 56,881 56,918 56,902 56,969 57,047 57,126
77.9
77.9
77.8
77.6
78.0
77.7
78.2
77.6
77.8
78.2
77.5
77.5
77.4
53,598 53,486 52,986 53,053 52,980 52,991 53,015 53,252 53,296 53,406 53,640 53,807 53,876
73.5
73.2
73.0
73.6
72.9
73.0
72.9
74.5
72.9
73.0
74.9
73.1
73.0
3,198
3,329 3,350 3,538 3,630 3,622 3,496 3,329 3,240 3,250
2,384 2,680 3,104
5.7
5.9
5.9
5.5
6.4
6.3
6.1
6.4
4.8
5.8
5.7
4.3
5.7

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

45,027 44,941 45,065 45,319 45,280 45,492 45,824 45,947 46,035 46,080 46,080 46,262 46,521
57.6
57.7
58.1
58.1
57.8
57.6
58.1
57.5
58.1
57.8
58.0
58.1
58.4
43,174 42,972 42,910 43,068 43,080 43,136 43,401 43,483 43,450 43,564 43,683 43,856 44,199
55.0
54.9
54.8
54.8
54.8
55.0
55.0
54.9
54.9
55.4
55.0
55.1
55.5
1,853 1,969 2,156 2,251 2,200 2,356 2,424 2,464 2,585 2,516 2,398 2,406 2,323
5.4
5.0
4.9
5.2
4.8
4.4
5.3
5.5
5.6
4.1
5.2
5.2
5.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,266
56.8
5,405
49.0
861
13.7
14.8
12.5

6,166
56.4
5,287
48.3
879
14.3
15.5
12.9

6,151
56.8
5,189
48.0
962
15.6
16.8
14.4

6,023
56.2
5,026
46.9
997
16.6
18.1
14.9

5,804
54.5
4,851
45.6
953
16.4
17.4
15.3

5,884
55.5

4,885
46.1
999
17.0
17.8
16.1

5,779
54.8
4,783
45.4
995
17.2
18.8
15.5

5,717
54.5
4,704
44.8
1,012
17.7
19.2
16.1

5,745
54.8
4,751
45.4
994
17.3
18.7
15.7

5,736
54.6
4,802
45.7
933
16.3
16.9
15.5

5,778
54.9
4,822
45.8
956
16.5
17.5
15.5

5,808
55.0

4,835
45.8
972
16.7
18.4
14.9

5,834
55.1
4,922
46.5
911
15.6
17.3
13.8

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

21,339 21,416 21,493 21,568 21,656 21,744 21,828 21,909 21,997 22,096 22,186 22,281 22,376
13,412 13,535 13,536 13,547 13,542 13,545 13,729 13,875 14,027 13,926 13,891 13,916 13,952
63.3
62.8
62.5
62.3
63.0
63.8
62.9
63.2
63.0
62.6
62.9
62.5
62.3
11,837 11,876 11,898 11,854 11,887 11,813 11,831 11,895 12,037 11,964 12,000 12,061 12,188
54.9
55.4
54.3
55.0
54.3
54.7
54.1
54.2
55.5
54.1
54.1
55.5
54.5
1,659 1,637 1,693 1,655 1,732 1,898 1,980 1,991 1,962 1,891 1,855 1,764
1,575
12.5
12.2
12.8
14.3
14.2
14.1
13.8
13.6
12.1
12.3
13.3
12.6
11.7

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,295
73.8
5,601
65.7
694
11.0

6,349
74.2
5,619
65.7
729
11.5

6,372
74.0
5,660
65.7
713
11.2

6,341
73.4
5,579
64.6
762
12.0

6,364
73.2
5,635
64.8
729
11.4

6,377
72.9
5,650
64.6
727
11.4

6,433
73.2
5,567
63.3
866
13.5

6,474
73.3
5,607
63.5
867
13.4

6,503
73.3
5,619
63.3
885
13.6

6,477
72.6
5,613
62.9
863
13.3

6,504
72.5
5,680
63.3
824
12.7

6,464
71.7

5,655
62.8
809
12.5

6,536
72.2
5,749
63.5
787
12.0

6,326
59.3
5,700
53.4
625
9.9

6,364
59.4
5,720
53.4
644
10.1

6,378
59.
5,740
53.3
639
10.0

6,455
59.7
5,78:
53.5
67;
10.4

6,456
59.4
5,798
53.4
658
10.;

6,446
59.1

6,512
59.4
5,769
52.7
742
11.4

6,625
60.2
5,830
53.0
794
12.0

6,716
60.8
5,933
53.7
783
11.7

6,669
60.1

6,601
59.3
5,850
52.5
751
11.4

6,651
59.5
5,948
53.;
703
10.6

6,631
59.1
5,922
52.8
709
10.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.

48




5,708
52.3
738
11.4

5,891
53.1
778
11.7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-44. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1990

1991

1992

1993

IV

IV

IV

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

792
37.0
536
25.1
255
32.3
33.8
30.5

822
38.4
536
25.1
286
34.8
34.7
34.8

785
37.2
499
23.6
286
36.4
36.5
36.4

751
35.5
492
23.3
259
34.5
35.9
32.9

722
34.5
453
21.7
269
37.2
37.0
37.4

722
34.7
455
21.8
267
37.0
36.7
37.3

784
37.7
494
23.8
290
37.0
37.7
36.1

776
37.5
458
22.1
319
41.0
43.8
38.1

808
39.0
485
23.4
323
40.0
43.1
36.6

780
37.5
460
22.1
320
41.0
43.7
37.9

786
37.7
470
22.6
316
40.2
40.6
39.6

801
38.3
458
21.9
343
42.8
41.9
44.0

785
37.3
516
24.5
269
34.3
36.6
31.6

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

14,356 14,474 14,593 14,711 14,829 14,948 15,066 15,184 15,303 15,421 15,542 15,682 15,824
9,902 10,030 10,083 10,160 10,257 10,282 10,232 10,355
9,818
9,708
9,636
9,644 9,575
66.2
66.2
66.0
66.0
66.6
66.2
67.2
66.4
66.4
66.5
66.2
65.2
65.4
8,824 8,873
8,782
8,720 8,722
8,899 8,955 8,984
8,866
9,049
9,106
9,197
9,309
59.4
59.5
59.7
59.8
59.1
60.2
61.8
58.7
59.0
58.7
58.6
58.6
58.8
1,028
994
926
913
855
1,131
778
1,176
1,128
1,209
1,177
1,035
1,046
10.4
10.1
9.5
9.5
11.3
8.9
8.1
11.6
11.2
11.4
11.8
10.1
10.1

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
2




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

49

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-45. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
Full- and part- time status, sex,
and age

1990

1992

1991
IV

1993

IV

IV

EMPLOYED
97,630
57,800
56,512
39,844
38,947
2,171

96,810
57,203
55,993
39,648
38,819
1,999

96,634
56,993
55,906
39,635
38,791
1,937

96,505
56,792
55,806
39,600
38,877
1,821

96,363
56,748
55,698
39,687
38,942
1,723

96,640
56,699
55,607
40,044
39,304
1,729

97,108
57,022
56,025
40,065
39,363
1,720

97,042
56,836
55,874
40,104
39,397
1,771

Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

97,936
57,906
56,610
40,046
39,083
2,243

Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

19,873 19,893 20,051 20,315 20,402 20,439 20,386 20,439 20,826 20,645 20,569 20,830 21,029
6,436 6,499 6,602 6,733 6,786 6,797 6,760 7,049 7,019
6,411
6,949 7,104
7,072
4,823 4,914
5,023 5,088 5,040 5,255 5,187
4,689
4,563 4,611
5,156
5,308
5,258
13,482 13,452 13,539 13,715 13,666 13,660 13,588 13,680 13,751 13,638 13,624 13,720 13,940
11,462 11,483 11,532 11,748 11,743 11,700 11,691 11,794 11,824 11,778 11,745 11,820 11,907
3,607 3,605 3,747 3,679 3,669 3,702 3,864
3,849 3,798 3,830 3,743 3,745 3,715

97,281
57,027
55,996
40,313
39,578
1,707

97,741
57,371
56,291
40,463
39,761
1,689

98,134
57,458
56,462
40,660
39,894
1,778

98,546
57,708
56,668
40,780
40,036
1,841

UNEMPLOYED
Looking for full-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

5,601
3,317
2,980
2,297
2,069
551

6,163
3,683
3,340
2,479
2,233
590

6,683
4,104
3,694
2,649
2,361
628

6,890
4,191
3,841
2,686
2,449
600

6,983
4,249
3,929
2,689
2,419
635

7,244
4,321
3,986
2,859
2,637
620

7,585
4,785
4,265
2,963
2,721
600

7,827
4,774
4,413
3,033
2,759
655

7,960
4,708
4,430
3,193
2,901
629

7,643
4,543
4,283
2,999
2,788
572

7,289
4,473
4,030
2,933
2,674
584

7,244
4,330
3,982
2,905
2,643
618

7,155
4,285
3,978
2,852
2,593
583

Looking for part-time work ...
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

1,384
568
249
809
526
608

1,328
556
221
773
494
613

1,444
590
241
853
553
650

1,518
615
255
894
570
693

1,485
607
278
878
560
647

1,541
614
272
929
581
687

1,577
656
273
930
587
716

1,626
661
265
953
627
735

1,674
708
291
969
618
765

1,683
699
288
979
655
739

1,627
659
272
974
621
733

1,619
688
272
919
590
756

1,530
642
273
889
595
662

NOTE: Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at
work part time are distributed according to whether they usually work full

50




or part time; unemployed persons are classified according to whether
they are seeking full- or part-time jobs.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-46. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1990

1991

1992

1993

Category
III

III

IV

IV

II

III

IV

CHARACTERISTIC

Total
Married men, spouse present ....
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families ...

117,838 117,543 116,862 116,957 116,780 116,888 117,087 117,536 117,742 118,021 118,362 118,969 119,489
40,689 40,722 40,456 40,392 40,486 40,351 40,071 40,357 40,287 40,483 40,804 41,078 40,803
29,782 29,763 29,660 29,728 29,857 29,849 29,952 30,172 30,196 30,226 30,494 30,300 30,416
6,420
6,422 6,494 6,493
6,563 6,564
6,615
6,358 6,357
6,654
6,586
6,849
6,867

OCCUPATION

Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

30,793 30,691
36,428
15,874
13,607
17,747
3,411

30,857 30,915 30,974 31,295 31,019 31,026 31,122 31,434 32,018 31,962 32,470

36,488 36,200 36,154 36,024 36,006
15,861 15,841 15,944 16,062 16,086
13,460 13,359 13,224 13,042 13,022
17,649 17,209 17,161 17,243 17,057
3,394 3,438 3,494 3,469 3,420

36,750
16,108
12,863
16,967
3,420

36,939
16,076
13,082
16,960
3,394

36,852
16,099
13,283
16,928
3,483

36,714
16,100
13,267
16,965
3,526

36,487
16,437
12,882
17,216
3,369

36,688 36,950
16,568 16,447
13,293 13,518
17,063 16,874
3,308 3,280

INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1.697J
1,339)
103

1,697
1,404
106

1,614
1,419
146

1,692
1,440
110

1,696
1,457
114

1,670
1,452
112

1,676
1,415
103

1,710
1,387
110

1,701
1,402
107

1,692
1,391
129

1,614
1,381
137

1,601
1,343
105

1,609
1,318
97

105,730
17,660
88,070
1,007
87,063
8,732
248

105,213
17,648
87,565
1,013
86,552
8,816
242

104,651
17,840
86,811
980
85,831
8,859
232

104,478
17,968
86,509
971
85,538
8,989
227

104,451
17,866
86,585
1,034
85,551
8,883
214

104,516
17,918
86,598
981
85,617
8,859
229

105,092
17,801
87,291
1,075
86,216
8,618
232

105,498
17,939
87,559
1,109
86,450
8,557
248

105,653
18,386
87,267
1,169
86,098
8,656
236

105,918
18,217
87,701
1,101
86,600
8,642
210

106,164
18,508
87,656
1,091
86,565
8,897
227

106,567
18,562
88,005
1,082
86,923
9,120
192

107,179
18,503
88,676
1,123
87,553
9,020
233

All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,486 5,786 5,952
6,142
5,202
6,349
3,201
3,200
2,832 3,107
3,320
2,589
2,460 2,627
2,330 2,331
2,720
2,235
15,186 15,045 14,985 15,179 15,009 14,898

6,465
3,225
2,935
14,558

6,310
6,352 6,425
6,256 6,453
3,239 3,236 3,176
3,061
3,250
2,773 2,823 2,971
2,911
2,911
14,888 14,944 14,818 14,761 15,058

6,506
3,168
2,991
15,206

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,504 5,701
5,836 6,072 6,190
6,044
6,088
4,945 5,213
6,148
6,031
6,227
6,265
2,652 2,908 3,012
3,013
3,139
3,034 3,032 3,082 3,000 2,892 3,088 3,004
2,410
2,261
2,264
2,378
2,536
2,648
2,861
2,695
2,747
2,173
2,899
2,854 2,818
2,925
14,776 14,637 14,575 14,732 14,567 14,434 14,107 14,462 14,523 14,404 14,321 14,630 14,798

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey




period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

51

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-47. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1991

1990

1992

1993

Sex and age
IV
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

IV

IV

117,838 117,543 116,862 116,957 116,780 116,888 117,087 117,536 117,742 118,021 118,362 118,969 119,489
18,702
6,102
2,234
3,864
12,600
99,165
84,2401
14,945

18,481
5,973
2,208
3,759
12,509
99,040
84,157
14,869

18,245
5,857
2,226
3,649
12,388
98,644
83,949
14,691

17,916
5,694
2,142
3,542
12,222
99,013
84,323
14,682

17,622
5,454
2,045
3,416
12,168
99,189
84,528
14,682

17,648
5,488
2,088
3,405
12,160
99,220
84,647
14,562

17,544
5,407
2,051
3,385
12,137
99,564
84,800
14,761

17,487
5,329
2,024
3,290
12,158
100,025
85,297
14,718

17,588
5,411
2,077
3,333
12,177
100,176
85,541
14,648

17,595
5,444
2,048
3,388
12,151
100,409
85,752
14,657

17,609
5,446
2,093
3,364
12,163
100,775
86,112
14,704

17,664
5,485
2,094
3,377
12,179
101,264
86,524
14,718

17,722
5,616
2,184
3,424
12,106
101,766
87,142
14,664

64,314 64,244 63,676 63,603 63,529 63,532 63,455 63,786 63,902 64,054 64,285 64,588 64,776
9,739 9,651 9,491 9,305 9,226 9,166 9,045 9,061 9,201
9,251 9,241
9,128 9,223
3,131 3,106 3,008 2,885 2,825 2,786 2,750 2,737 2,803 2,847 2,830 2,816 2,886
1,147, 1,160
1,055
1,055
1,101
1,156
1,033
1,029
1,070
1,090
1,077
1,076
1,124
1,943
1,983
1,772 1,736
1,863 1,776
1,743
1.697
1,727
1,747
1,766
1,730
1,747
6,608 6,545 6,484 6,420 6,401 6,380 6,295 6,324 6,399 6,404 6,411 6,313 6,337
54,582 54,595 54,197 54,280 54,311 54,368 54,415 54,711 54,706 54,805 55,049 55,423 55,563
46,041 46,070 45,872 45,920 46,030 46,084 46,045 46,317 46,454 46,532 46,770 47,121 47,359
8,550 8,513 8,342 8,343 8,294 8,275 8,384 8,377 8,262 8,271 8,326 8,273 8,227
53,524 53,299 53,186 53,354 53,251 53,356 53,633 53,750 53,840 53,967 54,077 54,381 54,714
8,963 8,831 8,753 8,611 8,396 8,482 8,499 8,426 8,387 8,344 8,369 8,536 8,499
2,971 2,867 2,849 2,809 2,629 2,702 2,657 2,592 2,608 2,597 2,617 2,669 2,730
1,087
990 1,033
1,040
1,070
1,048
1,018
995 1,006
971
1,003
1,018
1,059
1,881
1,786
1,816
1,669
1,643
1,766
1,642
1,593
1,606
1,617
1,622
1,646
1,677
5,992 5,964 5,904 5,802 5,767 5,780 5,842 5,834 5,779 5,747 5,752 5,867 5,769
44,583 44,445 44,447 44,733 44,878 44,853 45,149 45,314 45,469 45,604 45,726 45,841 46,203
38,199 38,087 38,076 38,403 38,498 38,563 38,755 38,980 39,086 39,220 39,342 39,403 39,783
6,395 6,356 6,349 6,339 6,389 6,287 6,377 6,341 6,386 6,386 6,378 6,444 6,437

A-48. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1991

1990

1992

1993

Sex and age
IV
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

52



I

II

III

IV

6,948

7,494

8,130

8,433

8,439

8,783

9,166

9,491

9,601

9,320

8,917

8,897

8,649

2,371
1,141
487
655
1,230
4,574
4,070
501

2,483
1,206
520
685
1,277
5,005
4,483
542

2,684
1,289
537
743
1,395
5,444
4,866
579

2,760
1,296
547
757
1,465
5,677
5,044
609

2,758
1,266
565
700
1,492
5,674
5,086
597

2,872
1,309
592
722
1,564
5,912
5,309
621

2,859
1,327
586
732
1,532
6,303
5,625
677

2,936
1,393
646
754
1,543
6,558
5,768
759

2,958
1,378
619
756
1,580
6,639
5,859
797

2,830
1,312
598
720
1,519
6,494
5,779
727

2,829
1,329
632
688
1,499
6,086
5,423
661

2,848
1,378
611
772
1,471
6,048
5,386
644

2,629
1,227
526
698
1,402
6,007
5,338
693

3,853

4,231

4,632

4,836

4,902

4,965

5,286

5,476

5,498

5,301

5,029

5,049

4,963

1,651
751
326
423
900
3,644
3,211
431

1,673
782
361
426
890
3,800
3,304
475

1,657
783
344
434
875
3,833
3,363
478

1,598
729
329
401
870
3,705
3,270
450

1,569
732
351
378
837
3,467
3,061
402

1,622
782
355
431
840
3,419
3,021
385

1,523
710
303
404
814
3,427
2,992
447

1,283
631
269
362
652
2,561
2,235
321

1,385
670
288
379
715
2,843
2,510
353

1,516
699
306
392
817
3,122
2,756
365

1,565
730
291
444
834
3,271
2,870
382

1,584
700
304
393
885
3,307
2,923
386

1,577
707
303
404
870
3,389
3,033
377

3,095

3,263

3,499

3,598

3,537

3,818

3,880

4,014

4,103

4,019

3,889

3,848

3,686

1,088
510
218
293
579
2,013
1,835
180

1,098
536
232
306
562
2,162
1,973
189

1,168
590
231
351
578
2,322
2,111
214

1,196
565
256
313
630
2,406
2,174
226

1,173
566
261
307
607
2,367
2,162
211

1,295
602
289
318
693
2,522
2,276
244

1,208
576
260
309
632
2,659
2,415
246

1,263
611
284
328
653
2,759
2,465
284

1,301
595
275
322
705
2,806
2,496
319

1,232
583
269
318
649
2,789
2,510
277

1,260
598
281
310
662
2,619
2,362
259

1,226
596
255
341
630
2,629
2,366
259

1,106
518
223
294
588
2,580
2,346
246

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-49. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1990

1991

1992

1993

Sex and age

Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over




I

II

III

IV

6.0

6.5

6.7

6.7

7.0

7.3

7.5

7.5

7.3

7.0

7.0

6.7

11.3
15.8
17.9
14.5
8.9
4.4
4.6
3.2

11.8
16.8
19.1
15.4
9.3
4.8
5.1
3.5

12.8
18.0
19.4
16.9
10.1
5.2
5.5
3.8

13.4
18.5
20.4
17.6
10.7
5.4
5.6
4.0

13.5
18.8
21.6
17.0
10.9
5.4
5.7
3.9

14.0
19.3
22.1
17.5
11.4
5.6
5.9
4.1

14.0
19.7
22.2
17.8
11.2
6.0
6.2
4.4

14.4
20.7
24.2
18.6
11.3
6.2
6.3
4.9

14.4
20.3
23.0
18.5
11.5
6.2
6.4
5.2

13.9
19.4
22.6
17.5
11.1
6.1
6.3
4.7

13.8
19.6
23.2
17.0
11.0
5.7
5.9
4.3

13.9
20.1
22.6
18.6
10.8
5.6
5.9
4.2

12.9
17.9
19.4
16.9
10.4
5.6
5.8
4.5

5.7

6.2

6.8

7.1

7.2

7.2

7.7

7.9

7.9

7.6

7.3

7.3

7.1

11.6
16.8
19.0
15.4
9.0
4.5
4.6
3.6

12.6
17.7
19.9
16.3
9.8
5.0
5.2
4.0

13.8
18.9
21.0
17.4
11.2
5.4
5.7
4.2

14.4
20.2
20.9
20.0
11.5
5.7
5.9
4.4

14.7
19.9
22.4
18.1
12.1
5.7
6.0
4.4

14.7
20.2
22.3
18.9
12.0
5.9
6.2
4.4

15.4
21.4
24.0
19.5
12.5
6.3
6.5
4.9

15.6
22.2
26.0
20.1
12.3
6.5
6.7
5.4

15.3
21.8
24.3
20.1
12.0
6.5
6.8
5.5

14.7
20.4
23.4
18.5
12.0
6.3
6.6
5.2

14.5
20.5
24.4
17.8
11.6
5.9
6.1
4.6

15.1
21.7
24.8
19.9
11.7
5.8
6.0
4.5

14.2
19.7
21.2
18.8
11.4
5.8
5.9
5.2

5.5

5.8

6.2

6.3

6.2

6.7

6.7

6.9

7.1

6.9

6.7

6.6

6.3

10.8
14.6
16.7
13.5
8.8
4.3
4.6
2.7

11.1
15.8
18.1
14.4
8.6
4.6
4.9
2.9

11.8
17.2
17.8
16.4
8.9
5.0
5.3
3.3

12.2
16.8
19.8
15.0
9.8
5.1
5.4
3.4

12.3
17.7
20.8
15.8
9.5
5.0
5.3
3.2

13.2
18.2
21.9
16.0
10.7
5.3
5.6
3.7

12.4
17.8
20.3
15.9
9.8
5.6
5.9
3.7

13.0
19.1
22.2
17.1
10.1
5.7
5.9
4.3

13.4
18.6
21.4
16.7
10.9
5.8
6.0
4.8

12.9
18.3
21.7
16.4
10.1
5.8
6.0
4.2

13.1
18.6
21.9
16.1
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.9

12.6
18.3
20.1
17.2
9.7
5.4
5.7
3.9

11.5
15.9
17.4
14.9
9.2
5.3
5.6
3.7

III

IV

5.6

IV

53

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-50. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1990

1991

1992

1993

Category
IV

IV

IV

CHARACTERISTIC

5.6
5.0
4.9

6.0
5.5
5.1
16.8

6.5
6.1
5.5
18.0

6.7
6.3
5.7
18.5

6.7
6.5
5.5
18.8

7.0
6.6
6.0
19.3

7.3
7.0
6.1
19.7

4.8
10.6
11.7
8.1

5.2
11.0
12.3

5.8
10.9
12.1

6.0
11.1
12.5

8.9

9.5

9.5

6.0
11.0
12.2
10.1

6.2
11.5
12.8
10.4

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

3.4
3.8
8.5

3.8
4.1
8.7

4.3
4.3
9.1

4.4
4.5
9.3

4.4
4.5
8.9

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

5.2
7.7
1.3
6.3

5.7
7.5
1.4
6.8

6.2
8.0
1.6
7.4

6.4
8.4
1.8
7.5

2.2
4.3
6.1
8.3
6.5

2.3
4.6
7.0
9.6
6.2

2.6
4.9
7.4
10.6
7.9

5.7
6.9
4.2
11.3
5.8
5.9
5.6
5.2
4.0
6.3
4.7
2.8
9.5

6.2
7.9
5.2
13.6
6.4
6.5
6.1
5.5
4.2
6.9
4.8
2.8
10.1

Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin

15.8

7.5
7.1

6.2
20.7

7.5
7.2
6.4
20.3

7.3
7.0
6.3
19.4

7.0
6.5
6.0
19.6

7.0
6.5
5.9
20.1

6.7
6.4
5.7
17.9

6.4
12.4
13.8
11.3

6.5
12.8
14.3
11.2

6.6
12.8
14.2
11.6

6.4
12.7
14.1
11.8

6.1
12.3
13.6
11.4

6.1
12.1
13.3
10.1

5.9
11.6
12.6
10.1

4.5
4.7
9.3

4.9
4.8
9.5

5.0
5.1
10.0

5.3
5.1
9.9

4.9
5.0
10.0

4.6
4.5
9.9

4.5
4.7
9.8

4.4
4.6
9.1

6.5
8.3
1.9
7.7

6.7
8.6
2.2
7.9

7.0
9.0
2.5
8.2

7.2
9.1
2.6
8.3

7.3
9.2
2.8
8.4

7.0
9.4
2.8
8.2

6.7
9.1
2.5
7.9

6.6
9.0
2.3
7.8

6.5
8.4
2.4
7.7

2.8
5.2
7.8
10.7
7.2

2.8
5.0
8.3
10.3
7.5

2.9
5.4
8.4
10.4
7.9

3.0
5.6
9.3
11.1
7.7

3.1
5.8
8.8
11.2
7.8

3.2
6.0
8.6
11.2
8.4

3.2
5.9
8.7
10.5
8.5

3.3
5.3
8.0
10.0
8.6

3.0
5.5
8.3
9.9
7.9

2.7
5.3
7.8
10.4
7.7

6.8
8.7
6.5

7.0
9.1
7.8

7.6
9.5
7.7
17.1
7.4
7.5
7.3
6.8
5.5
8.3
6.0
3.7
11.2

7.7
9.8
8.3
16.9
7.8
7.8
7.8
6.9
5.1
8.4
6.1
3.5

7.6
9.4
6.4

7.2
8.8
6.8
14.4
7.2
7.1
7.5
6.6
4.8
7.9
6.0
3.6
12.3

7.2
9.0
8.8

15.0
7.5
7.9
6.8
6.2
5.4
7.5
5.4
3.1
11.2

7.3
9.2
8.6
16.4
7.2
7.1
7.2
6.5
5.7
7.8
5.7
3.5
11.7

7.9

14.5
7.2
7.7
6.5
5.9
4.9
7.4
5.1
3.2

7.0
9.0
8.7
15.9
7.0
7.2
6.8
6.2
5.1
7.7
5.4
3.2

15.1
7.2
7.2
7.2
6.5
5.0
8.1
5.6
3.3

7.0
9.2
7.1
15.3
7.4
7.2
7.6
6.2
5.2
7.4
5.5
3.2

11.1

11.3

OCCUPATION3
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.
2

54




12.4

11.2

12.3

10.1

9.2
17.1
8.1
8.4
7.7
7.0
5.6
8.7
6.0
3.4
13.2

15.4
7.8
8.3
7.2
6.9
5.9
8.0
6.3
3.5
12.8

3
Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not available
because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle
and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with
sufficient precision.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-51. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1991

1990

1992

1993

Weeks of unemployment
III

IV

I

II

III

IV

I

II

III

IV

I

II

III

3,164
2,221
1,565
839
726

3,284
2,441
1,747
962
785

3,444
2,692
1,994
1,088
906

3,427
2,767
2,254
1,218
1,036

3,332
2,701
2,400
1,257
1,144

3,325
2,747
2,739
1,396
1,343

3,243
2,760
3,135
1,441
1,694

3,381
2,717
3,284
1,357
1,927

3,314
2,823
3,539
1,463
2,076

3,118
2,730
3,538
1,484
2,054

3,202
2,511
3,177
1,301
1,877

3,318
2,589
2,926
1,228
1,699

3,094
2,549
3,061
1,317
1,744

12.3
5.5

12.4
5.9

12.7
6.2

13.4
6.7

14.1
7.2

15.0
7.7

16.7
8.1

17.8
8.7

18.4
8.9

18.9
9.4

18.1
8.3

17.5
8.3

18.2
8.5

100.0
45.5
32.0
22.5
12.1
10.5

100.0
44.0
32.7
23.4
12.9
10.5

100.0
42.4
33.1
24.5
13.4
11.1

100.0
40.6
32.8
26.7
14.4
12.3

100.0
39.5
32.0
28.5
14.9
13.6

100.0
37.7
31.2
31.1
15.8
15.2

100.0
35.5
30.2
34.3
15.8
18.5

100.0
36.0
29.0
35.0
14.5
20.5

100.0
34.3
29.2
36.6
15.1
21.5

100.0
33.2
29.1
37.7
15.8
21.9

100.0
36.0
28.2
35.7
14.6
21.1

100.0
37.6
29.3
33.1
13.9
19.2

100.0
35.6
29.3
35.2
15.1
20.0

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Avpraoe (mean^ duration in weeks
Median duration in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemoloved
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
1 ^ weeks and over
1 *•> to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-52. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1990

1991

1992

1993

Reasons for unemployment
IV

IV

IV

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,359
1,022
2,337
985
1,918
652

3,811
1,151
2,661
1,006
2,000
676

4,385
1,332
3,053
1,007
2,030
693

4,567
1,330
3,237
1,016
2,127
742

4,692
1,191
3,501
934
2,054
767

4,864
1,233
3,631
966
2,140
809

5,126
1,236
3,890
948
2,229
827

5,395
1,250
4,145
1,006
2,199
905

5,438
1,295
4,143
992
2,264
948

5,279
1,221
4,058
954
2,212
881

4,769
1,051
3,717
988
2,231
926

4,790
1,112
3,679
973
2,230
904

4,874
1,183
3,692
886
2,080
844

100.0
48.6
14.8
33.8
14.2
27.7
9.4

100.0
50.9
15.4
35.5
13.4
26.7
9.0

100.0
54.0
16.4
37.6
12.4
25.0
8.5

100.0
54.0
15.7
38.3
12.0
25.2
8.8

100.0
55.5
14.1
41.4
11.1
24.3
9.1

100.0
55.4
14.0
41.4
11.0
24.4
9.2

100.0
56.1
13.5
42.6
10.4
24.4
9.1

100.0
56.8
13.2
43.6
10.6
23.1
9.5

100.0
56.4
13.4
43.0
10.3
23.5
9.8

100.0
56.6
13.1
43.5
10.2
23.7
9.4

100.0
53.5
11.8
41.7
11.1
25.0
10.4

100.0
53.8
12.5
41.3
10.9
25.1
10.2

100.0
56.1
13.6
42.5
10.2
24.0
9.7

2.7
.8
1.5
.5

3.0
.8
1.6
.5

3.5

3.6
.8
1.7
.6

3.7
.7
1.6
.6

3.9
.8
1.7
.6

4.1
.8
1.8
.7

4.2
.8
1.7
.7

4.3
.8
1.8
.7

4.1
.7
1.7
.7

3.7
.8
1.8
.7

3.7
.8
1.7
.7

3.8
.7
1.6
.7

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




55

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-53.

Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and race, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)
1990

1992

1991

1993

Reason, sex, and race
IV

IV

IV

TOTAL
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities...
Think cannot get a job
Job-market factors ....
Personal factors
Other reasons1
Men
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1
Women
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities...
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons
White
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now

63,479 63,658 64,120 64,133 64,759 64,778 64,634 64,283 64,443 64,978 65,516 65,422 65,661
58,201 58,022 58,385 58,739 58,939 58,832 58,399 58,156 58,227 58,956 59,115 59,235 59,131
6,641 6,594 6,836 6,756 6,987 6,918
6,895 6,727 6,627 6,842 6,963 6,788 6,821
5,073 5,066 4,972 4,894 5,006 5,093 5,060 4,973 5,193 5,177 5,396 5,373 5,611
23,518 23,486 23,295 23,430 23,176 22,767 22,176 22,077 21,459 21,108 21,345 21,376 20,624
18,538 18,581 19,041 19,098 19,405 19,579 19,734 19,947 20,395 20,893 20,843 20,905 21,231
4,178 4,163 4,451 4,475 4,388 4,605 4,609 4,519 4,586 4,942 4,775 4,595 4,747
5,320

5,551

5,651

5,564

5,807

5,966

6,068

6,291

6,147

6,209

6,378

6,399

6,523

1,388
859
1,245
818
519
298
1,011

1,424
944
1,136
967
606
361
1,080

1,424
1,012
1,180
982
650
332
1,053

1,358
903
1,170
952
684
269
1,181

1,517
999
1,178
1,050
695
355
1,063

1,434
1,005
1,301
1,112
743
369
1,113

1,493
1,041
1,325
1,077
814
263
1,133

1,763
1,036
1,259
1,118
773
345
1,115

1,494
1,094
1,176
1,126
819
307
1,257

1,620
1,171
1,187
1,084
702
383
1,147

1,499
1,119
1,352
1,134
799
335
1,273

1,517
1,162
1,338
1,202
759
443
1,180

1,743
1,161
1,311
1,122
767
354
1,186

21,600 21,510 21,899 21,980 22,230 22,424 22,424 22,131 22,252 22,598 22,900 22,845 23,015
19,723 19,496 19,669 20,006 20,175 20,248 20,041 19,794 20,066 20,447 20,397 20,511 20,681
1,925

1,947

2,131

2,018

2,162

2,207

2,187

2,354

2,290

2,242

2,391

2,389

2,389

707
422
385
412

651
455
399
442

753
545
406
427

640
437
416
526

729
498
467
469

754
508
451
493

713
516
475
483

862
496
527
469

686
545
523
536

728
527
489
499

729
580
539
543

735
535
548
571

789
550
527
523

41,879 42,148 42,220 42,154 42,528 42,354 42,210 42,153 42,192 42,381 42,616 42,578 42,646
38,478 38,526 38,716 38,733 38,763 38,584 38,358 38,363 38,161 38,509 38,718 38,724 38,450
3,395

3,604

3,520

3,546

3,645

3,759

3,881

3,937

3,857

3,967

3,987

4,011

4,133

681
437
1,245
433
599

774
489
1,136
567
638

671
467
1,180
576
626

718
466
1,170
537
656

789
502
1,178
583
594

680
497
1,301
661
621

779
525
1,325
602
650

901
540
1,259
591
646

808
550
1,176
603
720

892
644
1,187
595
648

770
539
1,352
595
730

782
627
1,338
654
609

953
610
1,311
595

53,278 53,557 53,789 53,764 54,253 54,230 54,067 53,941 54,089 54,418 54,611 54,635 54,597
49,304 49,594 49,649 49,989 50,057 49,964 49,543 49,484 49,551 49,946 50,000 50,028 49,944
3,882

3,907

4,108

3,854

4,254

4,309

4,413

4,486

4,572

4,553

4,610

4,613

4,713

978
652
917
562
773

906
724
822
616
838

997
726
881
667
837

917
636
840
617
844

1,093
766
873
720
801

1,012
759
913
747
879

1,077
722
968
733
913

1,174
792
910
751
859

1,054
825
895
808
991

1,185
899
869
693
907

1,021
779
975
797
1,039

1,003
925
942
807
937

1,140
830
957
816
970

7,927

7,881

7,957

8,021

8,114

8,199

8,099

8,034

7,970

8,170

8,295

8,365

8,424

Do not want a job now

6,662

6,421

6,693

6,639

6,761

6,791

6,671

6,582

6,566

6,730

6,887

6,998

6,933

Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities..
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

1,235

1,402

1,288

1,435

1,366

1,343

1,467

1,483

1,371

1,375

1,459

1,426

1,555

330
185
327
213
181

427
195
277
277
227

336
212
276
269
195

365
251
275
303
241

397
219
257
282
211

333
227
314
269
199

351
262
322
337
194

456
220
296
317
194

389
246
252
264
220

349
248
263
308
207

367
266
332
302
192

406
210
322
324
164

516
295
326
246
172

Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities...
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1
Black
Total not in labor force

Includes small number of men not looking for work because of

56



"home responsibilities."

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-54. Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Total

Reason and sex
1992

Age

III
1993

16 to 19
years

20 to 24
years

25 to 59
years

III
1992

1993

III
1992

1993

60 years
and over

III
1992

1993

III
1992

1993

TOTAL
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity

63,414

64,581

5,518

5,620

3,645

3,664

21,211

21,951

33,040

33,346

57,492

58,392

4,603

4,650

2,925

2,907

17,629

18,277

32,335

32,558

4,075
5,196
21,609
20,635

4,393
5,628
20,771
21,450
6,150

2,327
35

2,502
32
385

1,105
180

635
2,917

1,042

1,126
164
993

10,551

748
3,189
10,485

1,731

596

624

537
2,989

595
3,260

7
2,064
9,647
20,096
521

18
2,242
8,907
20,856
535

970

720

757

3,583

3,674

705

788

493
7
92
176
108
68
202

187
70
200
118
96
22
146

259
40
230
78
52
26
150

250
853
1,001
698
513
185
781

324
911
1,062
651
455
195
727

5
155
34
195
93
101
316

7
211
45
235
109
127
289

5,978

369
1,873

5,922

Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Job-market factors
Personal factors
Other reasons1

6,189

1,443

1,082
1,169
1,429
1,141
724
416
1,368

915
504
23
50
138
90
48
200

21,581

22,274

2,595

2,693

1,203

1,210

4,677

5,080

13,106

13,292

19,447

20,090

2,151

2,246

963

982

3,591

3,889

12,742

12,973

1,933
2,524
378
11,770
2,842

2,064
2,816
491
11,912
2,807

1,117
17
34

1,281
19
64

556
99
18

510
102

257
1,549

272
1,706

32

214

983

863

288

152
363

2
990
181
11,512
288

2,134

2,184

945
1,100
1,286
1,149

793
356
Men

Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

338

444

447

241

1,270

399
1,298

3
859
175
11,405
301

1,086

1,191

364

319

126
494
296
274

5
92
100
166

78
107
134

228

102

242
1
104
100

80
32
63
65

96
16
39
77

100
432
286
267

42,307

2,924

2,927

2,442

2,455

16,535

16,872

19,934

20,054

38,045

38,303

2,452

2,404

1,962

1,925

14,038

14,389

19,593

19,585

2,142
2,672
21,230
8,865
3,136

2,329
2,812
20,280
9,539
3,343

1,210
18

1,221

549
81

321

1,024

961

1,484
10,272

4
1,205

334

9,473

16
1,252
8,726

890

286

196
1,962

8,691
220

9,343
247

848

308

378
1,368
10,399
174
1,719

476

13

616
63

2,497

2,483

341

469

471

523

480

269

251
6

530
162
25
230
40
72

150
420
1,001
412
514

198
416
1,062
355
452

63
34
94

7
133
45
128

420
579
533
601

464
588
546
586

236
23
83

41,834

Women
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons

3,789
525
521
1,286
616
842

4,005
618
581
1,429
595
782

1
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of
"home responsibilities."
NOTE: Detail in tables A-54 and A-55 may not add to not-in-labor-




50
54
98

92
72

106
37
200
55
80

149
155
102
force totals because of differences in the weighting patterns used in
aggregating these data.

57

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-55. Persons not in the labor force by reason, race, Hispanic origin, age, and sex
(In thousands)
Age

Total

Reason, race, and Hispanic origin
1992

III
1993

16 to 24
years
III
1992

Sex

25 to 59
years

III
1993

ill
1992

60 years
and over

III
1993

1992

Men

III
1993

1992

Women

III
1993

III
1992

III
1993

WHITE
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

53,312 53,778

6,682

6,697 17,270 17,563 29,359 29,517 17,917 18,371 35,395 35,406

48,959 49,308

5,578

5,566 14,568 14,868 28,813 28,874 16,423 16,784 32,536 32,524

2,559
155

2,622
147

1,060

1,076

1,802

1,721
1,146
464
37
202
172
270

3,009
4,020

3,165
4,263
18,824 17,911
18,440 19,098
4,871
4,667

4,397

4,515

443
2,204
9,051
473
2,398

532
7
11
1,424
1,511
1,585
1,654
2,333 1,660 1,783
1,965 2,095 2,054 2,167
8,827 8,713 8,008
275
349 18,548 17,563
515 17,966 18,583 10,581 10,656 7,859 8,442
2,661
467
489 2,177 2,173 2,489 2,699

2,684

2,716

580

654

1,517

1,581

2,881

2,934

163
625
793
493
611

223
623
818
443
609

5
121
31
167
256

7
169
38
199
241

286
432

307
427

346
453

385
462

353
384
996
459
688

388
402
1,058
428
658

639
816
996
805
1,141

695
829
1,058
814
1,119

1,133
471
70
172
146
274

7,765

8,201

1,903

1,946

2,930

3,222

2,933

3,034

2,880

3,042

4,885

5,160

Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity

6,485

6,834

1,460

1,460

2,197

2,450

2,828

2,925

2,375

2,560

4,110

4,274

698
1,032
1,989
1,747
1,019

777
1,184
2,031
1,852
989

598
60

708
40

285

221

100
619
968
41
469

70
727
1,136
55
462

353
736
1,706
33

417
674
1,798
36

332
506
78
946
513

334
613
122
1,011
480

366
526
1,911
801
506

443
571
1,909
841
509

517

491

Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

1,280

1,367

733

772

105

109

505

482

775

885

486
241
5
104
65
72

200
168
163
135

65
256
198
160
92

32
3
25
45

42
4
36
28

96
136

131
132

149
124

121
98

154
118
240
135
127

175
170
307
140
94

BLACK
Total not in labor force

250
254
240
284
251

306
302
307
261
192

443
184
22
69
96
72

5,013

5,339

1,252

1,374

2,368

2,480

1,393

1,485

1,404

1,500

3,609

3,839

4,308

4,528

1,031

1,090

1,979

2,037

1,298

1,400

1,214

1,311

3,094

3,217

457
452
2,137
747
515

496
484
2,168
825
555

375
25

419
24

361

382

82
308
1,349
10
230

77
301
1,373
7
278

119
427
735
17

160
413
817
10

207
247
45
441
274

205
266
45
497
298

249
206
2,092
306
241

291
219
2,123
327
257

268

266

716

741

440

407

63

62

199

231

517

511

213
85
10
29
40
50

272
98
5
66
39
64

32
84
167
109
47

31
65
147
96
68

25
2
14
23

15
6
28
13

31
64

49
45

57
48

64
73

87
54
198
106
72

80
40
219
99
72

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibility
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

117
118
198
163
119

129
85
219
164
145

1
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of
"home responsibilities."
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not

58




sum to totals because data for the other races are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-56. Persons not in the labor force who desire work but think cannot get jobs by reason, sex, age, race, and Hispanic
origin
(in thousands)

3rd Quarter 1993
Age

Reason and sex
Total

16 to 19
years

20 to 24
years

Race and Hispanic origin
25 to 59
years

60 years
and over

White

Black

Hispanic
origin

TOTAL
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap

170
176
70

27
36
5

17
9

441
283

86
22

36
16

267
189

Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap

101
90
26

21
23
5

10
9

Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available

193
136

36
18

15
4

70
85
44

6
13

Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available

30
117

124
50

19
33
14

23
43
8

52
57

283
207

138
56

59
31

12
57
12

69

85
50
21

13
24
3

12
10

128
88

14
25

126
103

58
22

19
23

18
61
37

46
5
8

63
74
30

6
9
11

11
34
8

139
100

38
32

157
105

80
33

40
8

114
5

49

149

Men

Women
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available

—

248
148

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not




50
3

21
12

presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.

59

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-57. Work-seeking intentions of persons not in the labor force and work history of those who intend to seek work within the
next 12 months by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
Total

Work-seeking intentions, work history, and sex

III
1992

Race
16 to 24
years

1993

III
1992

III
1993

25 to 59
years
III
1992

III
1993

60 years
and over
III
1992

1993

White

1992

III
1993

Black
III
1992

III
1993

TOTAL
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during the previous 12 months ...

54,921 56,125
8,494 8,456
1,260 1,243
1,156
1,220
2,335 2,372
3,744 3,621

5,658
3,505
1,046
76
534
1,850

5,798 16,822 17,627 32,440 32,700 46,728 47,400
3,487 4,389 4,324
600
645 6,628 6,423
1,029
206
8
214
920
853
57
862
218
952
211
901
885
1,601
551
200
1,570
251
1,757
1,748
1,850 1,719
175
1,588
183 3,050 2,938

6,259
1,506
284
194
454
574

6,648
1,554
299
272
471
511

18,576 19,265
3,005 3,009
517
505
239
279
771
700
1,524
1,479

2,235
1,563
472
8
193
891

2,345
1,558
473
11
124
950

3,924 12,804 12,996 15,635 16,075
303
1,156
296 2,305 2,290
2
32
377
366
85
88
180
164
187
443
123
133
585
490
74 1,178 1,246
501
93

2,312
568
117
50
151
250

2,523
519
102
72
141
203

36,345 36,860
5,489 5,447
738
743
941
917
1,672
1,564
2,265 2,096

3,424
1,942
574
68
341
959

3,453 13,285 13,703 19,636 19,704 31,093 31,325
298
350 4,324 4,133
1,929 3,250 3,168
164
6
182
556
543
486
123
133
772
716
46
737
698
118 1,172 1,258
11
1,127
427 1,146
109 1,872
82
900 1,224 1,087
1,691

3,947
938
167
145
302
324

4,125
1,035
197
200
329
308

Men
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during the previous 12 months ...

3,538
1,139
42
146
455
495

Women

Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during the previous 12 months ...

60




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-58. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Employment status, sex, and age

White
III
1993

1992

Black

III
1992

1993

Hispanic origin

III
1992

III
1993

III
1992

III
1993

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

191,786
128,372
66.9
118,930
3,537
115,393
9,442
7.4
63,414

193,799
129,218
66.7
120,685
3,336
117,349
8,533
6.6
64,581

162,788
109,476
67.3
102,433
3,261
99,172
7,043
6.4
53,312

164,078
110,301
67.2
103,947
3,100
100,847
6,354
5.8
53,778

21,997
14,231
64.7
12,232
187
12,045
1,999
14.0
7,765

22,376
14,175
63.3
12,394
165
12,230
1,781
12.6
8,201

15,303
10,289
67.2
9,102
503
8,599
1,187
11.5
5,013

15,824
10,485
66.3
9,435
514
8,921
1,050
10.0
5,339

91,652
70,071
76.5
64,992
2,814
62,178
5,079
7.2
21,581

92,754
70,480
76.0
65,881
2,624
63,257
4,599
6.5
22,274

78,424
60,507
77.2
56,670
2,577
54,093
3,836
6.3
17,917

79,169
60,798
76.8
57,332
2,412
54,920
3,466
5.7
18,371

9,907
7,026
70.9
5,999
170
5,829
1,027
14.6
2,880

10,102
7,061
69.9
6,153
150
6,003
907
12.9
3,042

7,599
6,195
81.5
5,515
441
5,074
680
11.0
1,404

7,860
6,360
80.9
5,764
451
5,313
596
9.4
1,500

85,010
66,024
77.7
61,744
2,549
59,195
4,280
6.5
18,986

86,009
66,428
77.2
62,557
2,390
60,167
3,871
5.8
19,581

73,118
57,089
78.1
53,825
2,327
51,497
3,265
5.7
16,029

73,789
57,368
77.7
54,433
2,197
52,235
2,936
5.1
16,420

8,878
6,534
73.6
5,699
158
5,540
835
12.8
2,344

9,051
6,572
72.6
5,829
139
5,690
742
11.3
2,480

6,842
5,760
84.2
5,190
412
4,779
569
9.9
1,082

7,102
5,935
83.6
5,436
423
5,012
499
8.4
1,167

100,135
58,301
58.2
53,938
723
53,215
4,363
7.5
41,834

101,045
58,738
58.1
54,804
712
54,092
3,935
6.7
42,307

84,364
48,969
58.0
45,763
684
45,079
3,207
6.5
35,395

84,910
49,503
58.3
46,615
688
45,927
2,888
5.8
35,406

12,090
7,205
59.6
6,233
17
6,216
972
13.5
4,885

12,274
7,115
58.0
6,241
15
6,226
873
12.3
5,160

7,704
4,094
53.1
3,587
62
3,524
507
12.4
3,609

7,964
4,125
51.8
3,671
63
3,608
454
11.0
3,839

93,633
54,723
58.4
51,009
654
50,356
3,714
6.8
38,910

94,497
55,117
58.3
51,755
656
51,098
3,362
6.1
39,380

79,193
45,966
58.0
43,210
616
42,595
2,756
6.0
33,227

79,694
46,427
58.3
43,948
634
43,314
2,479
5.3
33,267

11,048
6,759
61.2
5,949
17
5,932
811
12.0
4,288

11,222
6,687
59.6
5,950
13
5,937
737
11.0
4,534

6,966
3,784
54.3
3,356
51
3,305
428
11.3
3,182

7,210
3,832
53.2
3,450
57
3,393
382
10.0
3,377

13,144
7,625
58.0
6,177
334
5,843
1,448
19.0
5,518

13,293
7,673
57.7
6,373
289
6,084
1,300
16.9
5,620

10,477
6,421
61.3
5,398
318
5,080
1,023
15.9
4,056

10,595
6,505
61.4
5,567
269
5,298
938
14.4
4,090

2,071
938
45.3
585
12
573
354
37.7
1,132

2,104
916
43.6
615
13
602
301
32.9
1,187

1,495
746
49.9
556
41
515
190
25.5
749

1,512
718
47.5
549
33
516
168
23.5
795

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force .'
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented




and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

61

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-59.

Employment status of civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)
Total Hispanic origin1
Employment status, sex, and age

Mexican origin

Puerto Rican origin

Cuban origin

III
1992

III
1993

III
1992

1993

1992

1993

15,303
10,289
67.2
9,102
503
8,599
1,187
11.5
5,013

15,824
10,485
66.3
9,435
514
8,921
1,050
10.0
5,339

9,455
6,471
68.4
5,722
466
5,256
749
11.6
2,984

9,855
6,673
67.7
6,001
461
5,541
672
10.1
3,182

1,632
952
58.4
807
4
803
145
15.2
679

1,678
956
57.0
846
5
840
111
11.6
722

843
506
60.0
471
9
461
35
6.9
337

925
550
59.5
507
14
493
43
7.8
375

7,599
6,195
81.5
5,515
441
5,074
680
11.0
1,404

7,860
6,360
80.9
5,764
451
5,313
596
9.4
1,500

4,861
4,053
83.4
3,607
409
3,198
446
11.0

5,033
4,153
82.5
3,771
406
3,365
382
9.2
881

719
507
70.5
426
4
421
81
16.0
212

772
554
71.8
482
4
478
73
13.1
217

385
279
72.6
257
8
250
22
7.8
106

426
322
75.7
297
10
287
25
7.8
103

6,8^
5,760
84.2
5,190
412
4,779
569
9.9
1,082

7,102
5,935
83.6
5,436
423
5,012
499
8.4
1,167

4,352
3,739
85.9
3,364
383
2,981
374
10.0
613

4,532
3,859
85.1
3,541
381
3,161
317
8.2
673

632
470
74.4
404
4
400
66
14.1
162

682
513
75.2
451
3
448
62
12.0
169

368
271
73.7
252
6
246
19
7.1
97

411
315
76.6
292
10
282
23
7.3
96

7,704
4,094
53.1
3,587
62
3,524
507
12.4
3,609

7,964
4,125
51.8
3,671
63
3,608
454
11.0
3,839

4,593
2,418
52.6
2,115
57
2,058
303
12.5
2,176

4,822
2,520
52.3
2,230
55
2,175
290
11.5
2,302

912
445
48.8
381

906
402
44.4
364
1
362
38
9.5
504

458
226
49.4
213
2
211
13
5.9
232

499
228
45.7
210
4
206
18
7.9
271

6,966
3,784
54.3
3,356
51
3,305
428
11.3
3,182

7,210
3,832
53.2
3,450
57
3,393
382
10.0
3,377

4,086
2,209
54.0
1,952
46
1,907
256
11.6
1,878

4,282
2,304
53.8
2,068
52
2,015
237
10.3
1,978

831
409
49.2
358

848
385
45.3
351
1
350
34
8.8
464

440
220
50.0
207
2
206
13
5.8
220

471
217
46.0
202
2
200
15
6.9
254

1,495
746
49.9
556
41
515
190
25.5
749

1,512
718
47.5
549
33
516
168
23.5
795

1,016
524
51.5
405
37
368
118
22.6
493

1,042
510
49.0
392
28
365
118
23.1
532

168
73
43.4
45

148
59
39.9
44
1
42
16

35
15
()
12
2
10
3

43
18
()
13
2
11
5

21

24

1992

III
1993

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

381
64
14.4
467

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

358
51
12.5
422

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

1
Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.

62




45
28
37.8
95

2

2

O
89

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-60. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)
Total
Category

III
1992

White
1993

III
1992

Black

III
1993

Hispanic origin

III
1992

III
1993

12,232
5,999
6,233

12,394
6,153
6,241

9,102
5,515
3,587

9,435
5,764
3,671

1,210
620
590

1,335
702
633
2,322
203
851
1,268

III
1992

III
1993

CHARACTERISTIC
118,930 120,685 102,433 103,947
64,992 65,881 56,670 57,332
53,938 54,804 45,763 46,615

Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

30,813
14,613
16,199

32,132
15,372
16,760

27,546
13,274
14,271

28,710
13,914
14,795

2,053
866
1,187

2,155

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

36,836
4,369

36,963

32,201
3,708
12,584

32,236
3,429

13,931
18,536

4,001
14,419
18,544

3,435
377
956
2,102

2,207
202
762
1,243

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

16,365

16,693

990

991

2,117
13,258

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

964
1,191

15,909

12,971
15,836

3,330
456
856
2,018

13,575

12,798
761
1,702
10,336

13,114
803
1,726
10,585

2,871
198
366
2,307

2,886
153
351
2,382

1,859
195
142
1,522

1,906
223
129
1,553

13,543
4,593
5,057
3,892

13,833
4,557
5,395
3,880

12,162
4,150
4,596
3,415

12,417
4,116
4,920
3,381

1,014
337
370
307

1,030
316
359
354

1,254
354
476
423

1,252
356
494
402

17,371
7,641
5,028
4,703
753
3,949

17,288
7,461
5,085
4,743
742
4,001

14,125
6,115
4,184
3,826
637
3,189

14,031
5,976
4,268
3,787
574
3,212

2,673
1,193
745
736
92
644

2,641
1,152
698
791
136
654

2,013
995
434
583
128
455

2,044
982
463
598
118
481

4,003

3,775

3,601

3,440

291

248

561

576

1,906

1,810

1,415

1,717
1,421

1,645

1,506
125

132
55

112
52

123

109

441
61
2

455
59

111

106,443 108,020
18,031 18,157
88,412 89,863
1,227
1,272
87,140 88,636
9,098
8,716
230
235

91,008
14,544
76,465

92,319
14,661
77,658
981
76,677
8,316
212

11,628

397
5

8,166
1,016
7,150
229
6,921
421
12

8,399
1,135
7,264
247
7,017
502
20

84,647
5,326
13,974

10,066

10,240
998
1,156

7,447
854
801

7,666
877
892

2,127

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

959
75,506
7,949
215

1,346

1

2,868
8,761
274
8,487
411
5

11,828
2,857
8,971
203
8,769

FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS1
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons
1
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work full or part time.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not




97,106

98,478

83,514

6,426

6,595

5,197

15,398

15,612

13,722

975
1,191

sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

63

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-61. Employed civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and economic categories
(In thousands)
Total Hispanic
origin1

Mexican origin

Puerto Rican
origin

Cuban origin

Category
III
1992

III
1993

1992

1993

9,102
5,515
3,587

9,435
5,764
3,671

5,722
3,607
2,115

6,001
3,771
2,230

807
426
381

846
482
364

471
257
213

507
297
210

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

1,210
620
590

1,335
702
633

598
335
263

675
369
306

155
66
89

165
70
95

114
69
45

141
80
60

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

2,207
202
762

2,322
203
851
1,268

1,262
106
428
729

1,375
109
497
768

269
23
64

274
21
78

182

175

168
19
59
90

172
21
68
84

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,859
195
142

1,124
91
85
948

1,169
115
71
982

145
4
28
113

166
6

1,522

1,906
223
129
1,553

29
131

51
2
6
43

48
3
4
41

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

1,254
354
476
423

1,252
356
494
402

833
209
341
282

864
220
356
287

81
29
20
32

86
26
23
37

65
19
21
25

54
17
27
10

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

2,013
995
434
583
128
455

2,044
982
463
598
118
481

1,394
669
301
424
105
319

1,402
651
293
457
93
364

151
72
33
46
8
39

146
81
40
26
3
22

63
37
17

81
33
33
14
2
13

561

576

511

518

441
61
2

455
59

418
47
1

413
47

8,166
1,016
7,150
229
6,921
421
12

8,399
1,135
7,264
247
7,017
502
20

5,015
630
4,384
111
4,273
234
8

5,242
719
4,524
134

7,447
854
801

7,666
877
892

4,648
572
501

4,805
631
565

1992

1993

1992

III
1993

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women
OCCUPATION

Farming, forestry, and fishing

1,243

9
1
8

8

11

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

4,390
281
17

12
2

787
156
630
5
625
16

804
181

423
39

623
6
617
35

384
3
381
39

688
48
71

706
49
90

400
31
39

452
46
406
3
403
41

FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS2
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons
1
Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.

64



458
13
36

2
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work full or part time.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-62. Employed civilians by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)

Total 16 vears and over
16 to 19 vears
1 fi to 17 vears
18 to 19 vears
?0 tn ?4 vears
25 vears and over
?5 to 54 vears
55 vears and over

•
•

Mpn 16 vpar^ and over
16 to 19 vears
1fi tn 17 vpars
1fl to 19 vears
PO tn P4 vears
?5 vpar^ and over
?5 to 54 vears
55 vears and over
Women 16 vears and over
16 to 19 vears
16 to 17 vears
18 to 19 vears
?0 to ?4 vears
?5 vpars and over
?5 to 54 vears
55 vpars and over

• ••

•

Black

White

Total
Sex and age

III
1992

III
1993

III
1992

III
1993

118,930

120,685

102,433

103,947

6,177
2,496
3,681
12,567
100,186
85,555
14,631

6,373
2,599
3,774
12,493
101,819
87,169
14,650

5,398
2,195
3,203
10,808
86,227
73,353
12,874

5,567
2,304
3,263
10,679
87,702
74,745
12,957

64,992

65,881

56,670

3,248
1,323
1,925
6,681
55,063
46,783
8,280

3,324
1,377
1,947
6,618
55,940
47,702
8,238

53,938
2,929
1,173
1,756
5,886
45,123
38,773
6,351

III
1992

Hispanic origin
III
1993

12,232

12,394

585
229
356

III
1992

III
1993

9,102

9,435

615

556

549

225
390

181
375

179
370

1,322
10,325
8,981
1,344

1,363
10,416
9,143
1,273

1,254
7,293
6,583
710

1,293
7,593
6,829

57,332

5,999

6,153

5,515

5,764

2,846
1,179
1,667
5,732
48,093
40,718
7,375

2,900
1,216
1,684
5,656
48,776
41,405
7,371

301

324

325

328

108
192
710

121
203
706

104
221
779

112
217
822

4,989
4,322
667

5,124.
4,488
636

4,411
3,995
416

4,614
4,169
445

54,804

45,763

46,615

6,233

6,241

3,587

3,671

3,049
1,222
1,827
5,875
45,879
39,467
6,412

2,552
1,016
1,536
5,076
38,134
32,635
5,499

2,667
1,089
1,579
5,022
38,925
33,340
5,585

284

291

231

221

120
164
613

105
187
658

77
154
474

68
153
472

5,336
4,659
677

5,292
4,655
637

2,882
2,588
293

2,979
2,661
318

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

763

and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-63. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Civilian workers)
Total
Sex and age

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over




White

Black

Hispanic origin

III
1992

1993

1992

1993

III
1992

III
1993

1992

7.4

6.6

6.4

5.8

14.0

12.6

11.5

10.0

19.0
21.0
17.6
11.1
6.0
6.2
5.1

16.9
18.0
16.2
10.0
5.4
5.6
4.4

15.9
18.2
14.3
9.1
5.4
5.5
4.8

14.4
15.9
13.3
8.3
4.8
5.0
4.0

37.7
39.1
36.8
24.3
10.6
11.1
6.8

32.9
33.1
32.7
21.0
9.7
10.0
7.1

25.5
30.5
22.7
14.3
9.8
9.9
8.0

23.5
29.5
20.1
12.5
8.4
8.3
9.4

7.2

6.5

6.3

5.7

14.6

12.9

11.0

9.4

19.7
21.6
18.4
10.9
5.9
6.1
5.0

18.0
19.0
17.2
10.3
5.3
5.4
4.7

16.7
18.6
15.4
8.9
5.3
5.4
4.6

15.5
16.9
14.4
8.6
4.7
4.8
4.2

39.0
43.6
36.1
23.6
11.0
11.4
8.6

33.8
34.1
33.6
21.1
9.8
10.0
8.0

25.4
29.0
23.6
13.0
9.3
9.4
8.5

22.8
29.3
18.9
11.1
7.9
7.7
9.7

7.5

6.7

6.5

5.8

13.5

12.3

12.4

11.0

18.1
20.2
16.7
11.3
6.2
6.3
5.1

15.8
16.9
15.1
9.7
5.6
5.9
4.0

15.0
17.8
13.1
9.4
5.5
5.6
5.1

13.3
14.8
12.2
8.0
5.0
5.2
3.8

36.2
34.4
37.5
25.1
10.2
10.9
5.0

31.8
32.0
31.8
21.0
9.6
10.1
6.1

25.5
32.5
21.5
16.4
10.4
10.8
7.4

24.4
29.9
21.8
14.7
9.2
9.2
8.9

III
1993

65

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-64. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Weeks of unemployment

White

Black

Hispanic origin

1992

III
1993

1992

III
1993

1992

1993

III
1992

1993

9,442
3,415
2,796
3,231
1,177
2,055

8,533
3,184
2,558
2,791
1,062
1,730

7,043
2,559
2,039
2,445
870
1,576

6,354
2,425
1,882
2,047
776
1,271

1,999
706
635
659
254
405

1,781
608
555
617
235
382

1,187
486
323
379
146
233

1,050
435
300
314
120
195

17.7
8.2

17.6
7.8

17.9
8.2

17.2
7.6

17.5
8.3

18.9
8.6

16.6
6.9

16.3
7.0

100.0
36.2
29.6
34.2
12.5
21.8

100.0
37.3
30.0
32.7
12.4
20.3

100.0
36.3
28.9
34.7
12.3
22.4

100.0
38.2
29.6
32.2
12.2
20.0

100.0
35.3
31.8
32.9
12.7
20.3

100.0
34.1
31.2
34.7
13.2
21.5

100.0
40.9
27.2
31.9
12.3
19.6

100.0
41.5
28.6
29.9
11.4
18.5

DURATION
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

A-65. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Reasons for unemployment

White

Black

Hispanic origin

III
1992

III
1993

III
1992

1993

1992

III
1993

1992

III
1993

9,442
4,964
1,062
3,902
1,071
2,375
1,032

8,533
4,480
983
3,497
951
2,171
931

7,043
3,872
887
2,985
828
1,689
654

6,354
3,415
800
2,614
743
1,581
615

1,999
913
142
770
189
591
307

1,781
882
158
723
170
475
254

1,187
696
118
578
93
233
166

1,050
594
85
509
94
225
137

100.0
52.6
11.2
41.3
11.3
25.2
10.9

100.0
52.5
11.5
41.0
11.1
25.4
10.9

100.0
55.0
12.6
42.4
11.8
24.0
9.3

100.0
53.7
12.6
41.1
11.7
24.9
9.7

100.0
45.6
7.1
38.5
9.5
29.6
15.4

100.0
49.5
8.9
40.6
9.5
26.7
14.3

100.0
58.6
10.0
48.7
7.9
19.6
14.0

100.0
56.6
8.1
48.4
9.0
21.4
13.0

3.9
.8
1.9
.8

3.5
.7
1.7
.7

3.5
.8
1.5
.6

3.1
.7
1.4

6.4
1.3
4.2
2.2

6.2
1.2
3.4
1.8

6.8
.9
2.3
1.6

5.7
.9
2.1
1.3

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total, 16 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

66



and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-66. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Employed

Total

Unemployed

Veteran status and age
1992

III
1993

Percent of
labor force

Number
1992

1993

1992

1993
1992

III
1993

III
1992

1993

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 35 years and over
35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 years and over

7,869
6,224
908
2,627
2,689
1,645

7,915
5,885
703
2,225
2,958
2,030

7,117
5,880
855
2,488
2,537
1,237

7,038
5,488
645
2,082
2,761
1,550

6,756
5,584
799
2,364
2,422
1,172

6,721
5,233
598
1,986
2,649
1,488

360
295
56
124
115
65

317
255
48
96
111
62

5.1
5.0
6.6
5.0
4.5
5.2

4.5
4.6
7.3
4.6
4.0
4.0

19,555
8,813
6,273
4,469

20,519
9,047
6,834
4,638

18,224
8,329
5,843
4,052

19,101
8,529
6,375
4,197

17,233
7,835
5,558
3,840

18,186
8,101
6,095
3,991

991
494
286
211

914
428
280
206

5.4
5.9
4.9
5.2

4.8
5.0
4.4
4.9

NONVETERANS
Total, 35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans

are men who have never served in the Armed Forces.

A-67. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Nonveterans

Veterans
Employment status and age

White
1992

Hispanic origin

Black

1993

1992

1993

1992

III
1993

White
1992

1993

Hispanic origin

Black
1992

1993

III
1992

III
1993

Total, 35 to 49 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,577 5,285
5,314 4,964
5,061 4,750
253
214
4.8
4.3

548
479
443
35
7.4

501
436
401
35
8.0

236
226
213
13
5.8

198 16,696 17,471
178 15,731 16,465
175 14,955 15,759
3
776
706
1.6
4.9
4.3

601
553
514
39
7.0

101
92
83
9
9.9

86
78
70
8
10.5

54
51
45
6

7,573 7,778
7,234 7,410
6,848 7,081
386
329
5.3
4.4

857
737
654
83
11.3

877
764
692
72
9.4

814
761
674
88
11.5

841
794
726
68
8.5

2,369 2,008
2,259 1,885
2,150 1,806
78
109
4.1
4.8

228
200
188
12
6.1

182
164
146
18
11.0

91
86
82
4
4.7

89 5,318 5,794
79 5,011 5,470
77 4,784 5,245
2
226
225
3.0
4.5
4.1

659
559
514
45
8.0

724
615
570
45
7.3

595
549
496
53
9.7

670
619
579
40
6.5

2,428 2,677
2,314 2,527
2,215 2,430
97|
99
3.8!
4.3

219
187
173
14
7.5

233
193
185
9
4.4

91
88
85
3
3.1

3,806 3,899
3,486 3,584
3,322 3,432
164
152
4.7
4.2

420
349
311
37
10.7

451
354
319
36
10.1

409
352
317
35
10.0

471
415
377
39
9.3

1,936 2,052 1,818
1,644 1,733 1,663
1,479 1,581 1,487
166
153
177
10.1
8.8
10.6

1,982
1,829
1,682
147
8.0

35 to 39 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

780
740
696
44
6.0

O

40 to 44 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
45 to 49 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men
who have never served in the Armed Forces. Detail for the above race




0

and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the
"other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both
the white and black population groups.

67

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-68. Unemployment in families by type of family, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family
members
(Numbers in thousands)

III
1992

III
1993

With unemployment:

With unemployment:

Percent of families:

Percent of families:

Type of family, race, and Hispanic origin
Total
families

Total

With no
employed
person
in
family

With at
Total
With at
least one families
least one
person in
employed
family
person in
employed
family
full time

Total

With at
With no With at
least one
employed least one
person employed person in
in
person in family
family
family employed
full time

TOTAL
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of

age
age
age
age

67,028
32,642
52,001
24,157
11,757
7,090
3,271
1,395

6,736
3,704
4,631
2,594
1,647
959
458
151

29.8
33.0
19.8
18.5
53.6
66.3
45.4
69.5

70.2
67.0
80.2
81.5
46.4
33.7
54.6
30.5

62.7
60.2
72.9
74.7
37.9
26.2
48.7
27.8

67,537
32,726
52,128
23,916
12,062
7,282
3,347
1,528

6,085
3,324
4,104
2,267
1,564
883
417
174

29.7
33.7
18.6
17.3
53.8
68.2
49.2
71.3

70.3
66.3
81.4
82.7
46.2
31.8
50.8
28.7

62.9
59.7
74.4
76.0
37.7
24.5
45.8
27.0

57,123
26,905
46,732
21,287
7,803
4,505
2,587
1,113

5,069
2,716
3,869
2,129
868
470

27.2
28.7
20.0
18.5
51.8
65.1
46.7
68.1

72.8
71.3
80.0
81.5
48.2
34.9
53.3
31.9

65.4
64.5
72.6
74.5
40.2
28.1
46.7
28.4

57,434
26,943
46,857
21,122
7,932
4,599
2,645
1,222

4,564
2,457
3,409
1,873
850
456
305
128

26.3
28.8
18.2
17.4
50.8
64.3
48.5
70.1

73.7
71.2
81.8
82.6
49.2
35.7
51.5
29.9

65.9
64.2
74.4
75.8
38.8
26.8
45.9
28.3

7,644
4,442
3,538
1,844
3,580
2,369
525
230

1,379
816
550
329
723
456
106
30

40.5
48.3
19.3
18.8
56.4
68.0
42.5

59.5
51.7
80.7
81.2
43.6
32.0
57.5

51.3
45.0
72.9
75.1
34.7
24.3
52.8

57.6
49.2
80.6
87.1
41.3
26.8
51.8

51.6
43.8
75.1
81.3
35.0
21.3
47.1

0

0

1,233
690
490
256
659
399
85
35

42.4
50.8
19.4
12.9
58.7
73.2
48.2

0

7,688
4,417
3,456
1,752
3,702
2,424
530
241

0

O

O

5,187
3,357
3,488
2,299
1,254
882
445
176

836

33.9
35.8
24.7
23.8
56.5
64.1
44.9

66.1
64.2
75.3
76.2
43.5
35.9
55.1

60.6
58.7
69.7
70.8
37.7
29.7
51.3

72.0
67.7
79.9
78.6
52.8
40.9
58.3

64.0
59.9
72.4
70.8
44.4
31.8
48.3

O

O

769
496
532
360
177
110
60
26

28.0
32.3
20.1
21.4
47.2
59.1
41.7

O

5,418
3,465
3,621
2,317
1,346
939
451
209

O

O

O

White
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of

age
age
age
age

332
116

Black
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of

age
age
age
age

Hispanic origin
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of
1

age
age
age
age

547
567
387
191
128
78
32

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not

68



sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-69. Unemployed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family
members
(Numbers in thousands)
ill
1992

1993

Percent of unemployed:
Family relationship, race, and Hispanic origin
Total

With no
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

Percent of unemployed:

With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time

Total

With no
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time

TOTAL
1

Total unemployed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women ...
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

7,587
1,791
1,041
1,588
981
1,823

31.6
36.0
40.0
18.4
15.0
11.8

68.4
64.0
60.0
81.6
85.0
88.2

61.0
52.1
48.1
76.8
80.8
83.7

6,796
1,527
913
1,436
822
1,593

31.3
35.0
38.2
16.1
12.6
12.0

68.7
65.0
61.8
83.9
87.4
88.0

61.4
53.3
49.9
78.9
83.3
83.6

777
648
1,099
221
110
287

81.7
88.5
33.4
71.9
89.8
29.0

18.3
11.5
66.6
28.1
10.2
71.0

12.2
6.5
56.1
22.9
8.5
65.1

727
589
1,059
206
121
248

80.4
88.7
34.6
76.3
95.9
25.7

19.6
11.3
65.4
23.7
4.1
74.3

12.2
5.4
56.6
19.4
3.8
66.7

5,628
1,517
849
1,358
819
1,426

29.3
36.5
40.9
18.6
14.6
11.2

70.7
63.5
59.1
81.4
85.4
88.8

63.5
51.3
46.7
76.2
80.8
84.6

4,991
1,288
756
1,223
681
1,227

28.6
34.5
38.6
16.0
12.1
12.0

71.4
65.5
61.4
84.0
87.9
88.0

63.6
53.1
48.9
79.3
84.1
83.7

407
323
551
164
83
205

76.7
87.0
34.1
73.6
91.2
29.4

23.3
13.0
65.9
26.4
8.8
70.6

16.2
6.7
58.0
20.5
7.2
64.4

386
301
537
153
88
177

76.7
87.1
34.1
75.5
94.9
26.2

23.3
12.9
65.9
24.5
5.1
73.8

13.4
5.3
55.4
19.9
4.8
65.8

1,629
203
141
162
114
295

40.8
33.6
35.5
18.2
16.2
15.1

59.2
66.4
64.5
81.8
83.8
84.9

50.9
54.9
55.0
78.6
80.8
78.0

1,475
155
89
145
95
288

40.5
33.4
27.7
17.7
13.1
12.8

59.5
66.6
72.3
82.3
86.9
87.2

53.3
56.5
60.7
76.1
82.8
82.4

350
307
505
47
22
68

88.2
91.1
32.5

11.8
8.9
67.5

7.0
5.7
54.9

85.8
90.6
34.9

14.2
9.4
65.1

5.1
57.8

28.7

71.3

65.2

320
273
477
35
24
55

974
241
179
196
141
235

35.9
43.8
46.6
18.8
19.3
17.9

64.1
56.2
53.4
81.2
80.7
82.1

58.4
48.9
46.5
75.4
76.3
77.5

861
202
153
171
115
228

30.4
41.8
46.1
14.5
13.5
13.9

69.6
58.2
53.9
85.5
86.5
86.1

61.1
44.0
38.8
79.1
82.2
83.6

91
82
120
42
23
48

82.6
83.9
37.5

17.4
16.1
62.5

12.7
11.9
55.6

82
61
112
27
17
39

81.1
33.8

30.4
18.9
66.2

23.3
11.0
56.0

White
Total unemployed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women ...
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men
Black
Total unemployed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women ...
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

9.6

Hispanic origin
Total unemployed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women ...
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families where the
husband, wife or, other person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and
persons in unrelated subfamilies. Estimates for husbands, wives, and women who
maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates shown in other
tables in this publication because of differences in definitions and weighting patterns




used in aggregating the data.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

69

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-70. Employed civilians by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family members
(Numbers in thousands)
III
1992

III
1993

Percent of employed:
Family relationship, race, and Hispanic origin
Total

With no
other
employed
person in
family

With
another
employed
person in
family

Percent of employed:

With
another

Total

person in
family
employed
full time

With no
other
employed
person in
family

With
another
employed
person in
family

With
another
person in
family
employed
full time

TOTAL
1

Total employed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women ..
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

94,938
38,503
22,070
29,111
15,513
11,758

22.8
28.1
30.1
9.8
5.9
7.0

77.2
71.9
69.9
90.2
94.1
93.0

67.4
55.5
50.6
86.2
91.3
89.3

95,594
38,661
21,935
29,291
15,552
11,590

22.8
27.5
29.5
9.5
5.7
7.9

77.2
72.5
70.5
90.5
94.3
92.1

67.3
56.1
51.1
86.3
91.3
88.7

6,607
4,240
4,905
2,340
1,153
1,713

64.9
82.8
24.7
57.8
85.7
16.6

35.1
17.2
75.3
42.2
14.3
83.4

24.3
8.9
65.9
33.8
8.9
78.4

6,860
4,423
5,117
2,405
1,246
1,669

65.0
82.9
24.7
59.6
85.0
17.2

35.0
17.1
75.3
40.4
15.0
82.8

24.7
9.2
65.8
32.1
8.7
77.8

82,134
34,686
19,647
25,917
13,586
10,260

21.9
28.4
30.6
9.4
5.2
6.7

78.1
71.6
69.4
90.6
94.8
93.3

67.9
54.6
49.1
86.7
92.2
89.7

82,691
34,810
19,525
26,168
13,674
10,118

21.8
27.6
29.9
9.3
5.4
7.6

78.2
72.4
70.1
90.7
94.6
92.4

67.9
55.3
49.6
86.5
91.7
89.2

4,532
2,876
3,513
1,882
936
1,344

62.0
81.3
25.3
57.3
84.7
17.0

38.0
18.7
74.7
42.7
15.3
83.0

26.1
9.0
64.7
34.2
9.4
78.0

4,746
3,030
3,606
1,938
1,019
1,303

62.4
81.7
24.4
59.3
84.4
17.2

37.6
18.3
75.6
40.7
15.6
82.8

26.0
9.4
66.3
32.1
8.4
78.2

9,259
2,475
1,535
2,149
1,292
964

31.4
22.4
21.7
15.7
12.8
10.3

68.6
77.6
78.3
84.3
87.2
89.7

61.2
67.0
67.7
79.9
83.2
84.7

9,287
2,478
1,543
2,077
1,241
958

31.7
23.4
22.0
12.2
7.4
11.8

68.3
76.6
78.0
87.8
92.6
88.2

60.8
65.9
67.6
83.6
89.0
83.7

1,867
1,240
1,226
339
179
238

72.5
85.9
23.7
65.7
89.4
18.9

27.5
14.1
76.3
34.3
10.6
81.1

19.3
8.5
68.5
27.0
7.9
75.4

1,891
1,257
1,302
347
182
232

72.3
86.4
26.5
67.1
90.8
21.3

27.7
13.6
73.5
32.9
9.2
78.7

20.5
8.4
63.3
26.7
6.6
71.7

7,256
2,743
1,989
1,763
1,206
1,049

26.6
36.6
37.9
11.4
9.0
5.1

73.4
63.4
62.1
88.6
91.0
94.9

64.9
50.8
48.7
84.0
87.1
90.2

7,537
2,859
2,034
1,835
1,225
1,067

26.5
34.9
37.1
10.2
8.6
7.1

73.5
65.1
62.9
89.8
91.4
92.9

64.9
52.6
49.5
83.8
85.7
89.0

579
412
479
332
132
310

65.2
78.5
22.8
48.2
86.6
8.3

34.8
21.5
77.2
51.8
13.4
91.7

25.8
12.8
67.1
45.4
9.2
86.2

594
427
514
354
172
313

66.3
79.9
25.6
50.1
81.0
9.3

33.7
20.1
74.4
49.9
19.0
90.7

24.3
11.1
65.1
41.9
14.8
86.9

White
1

Total employed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women ..
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men
Black
Total employed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men
Hispanic origin
Total employed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families where the
husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and
persons in unrelated subfamilies. Estimates for husbands, wives, and women who
maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates shown in other
tables in this publication because of differences in definitions and weighting patterns

70




used in aggregating the data.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-71. Median weekly earnings of families by type of family, number of earners, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Type of family, number of
earners, race, and
Hispanic origin

Number of families
1992

1993

44,375
34,333
12,342

44,451
33,960

8,923
2,735

8,621
2,482
823
22,033
19,704

Median weekly earnings
1992

III
1993

TOTAL
1

Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Other family member
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Husband and other family member(s).
Wife and other family member(s)
Other family members only
Families maintained by women
One earner
Householder
Other family member
Two or more earners
Families maintained by men
One earner
Two or more earners

684
21,991

19,575
1,696
575
144
7,601
5,216
4,088
1,128
2,386
2,440
1,501

11,927

1,669
515
145

8,051
5,517

4,341
1,176
2,534
2,441

939

1,590
850

37,496
30,361

37,527
30,111

10,947
8,078
2,308
19,414
17,320
5,213
1,921

10,698
7,834
2,167

$694
786
475
545
303
295
958
977
884
589
492
388
309
319
261
649
527
415
790

$716
815
484
567
305
272
987
1,006
928
665
681
407
310
324
247
673
543
430
818

723
799
491
560
305
971
986
411
566

747
825
496
584
300
995
1,012
436
571

464
614
299
328
288
812
846
334
411

500
697
333
376
329
883
915
352
435

507
568
342
376
289
749
787
362
462

513
581
335
375
289
738
758
335
457

White
Total families with earners1
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women .
Families maintained by men

19,413
17,360
5,490
1,926

Black
1

Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women .
Families maintained by men

5,301
2,758
961
507

361
1,797
1,561
2,149
393

5,281
2,586
797
474
233
1,789

1,597
2,302
392

Hispanic origin
1

Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women .
Families maintained by men
1
Data exclude families in which there is no wage or salary earner or
in which the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is
either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.




3,920

2,809
1,175

947
188

1,633
1,250
752
360

3,981
2,837
1,114
857
181
1,723
1,360
784

360

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

71

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-72. Families with unemployed members and wage and salary workers by type of family and median weekly
earnings
(Numbers in thousands)
Type of family and relationship
of unemployed members to wage
and salary earners

Married-couple families1
Husband unemployed
Wife only earner
Wife and other eamer(s)
Other earner(s) only

Median weekly earnings

Number of families

III
1993

III
1992

III
1993

3,299

3,020

$518

$567

943

361
316
631

372
318
669

1,115
814

210
91

693
180
70

III
1992

0

0
522
522
847

Wife unemployed
Husband only earner
Husband and other eamer(s)....
Other earner(s) only

905
905
205

Other member(s) unemployed ...
Husband or wife earner
Both husband and wife earners
Other combinations of earners .

1,062
453
569
41

1,026
407

Families maintained by women ..
Householder unemployed
Other member(s) unemployed..

754
159
595

701
144
557

331
229
362

337
176
379

Families maintained by men1

247

199

463

485

1

1
Data exclude families in which there is no wage or salary earner or
in which the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is

72




11

846
846
178
27

595
24

488
488
860

0
776
520
968

0

either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 100,000.

0
863
519

1,058

0

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY DATA
A-73.

Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Characteristic

Median weekly earnings
III
1992

III
1993

III
1992

III
1993

Total, 16 years and over

85,725

86,850

$442

$461

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over

48,977
6,383
42,593

49,552
6,330
43,222

501
282
539

513
284
563

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over

36,749
4,915
31,833

37,299
4,932
32,367

379
256
403

396
263
421

30,509
19,186
5,087
1,947

31,031
19,361
5,278
1,947

575
396
367
455

589
413
395
492

6,638
4,543
9,883
7,933

6,654
4,562
9,919
8,098

297
284
461
406

297
285
487
416

White
Men
Women

72,708
42,290
30,418

73,677
42,698
30,979

461
516
385

476
530
401

Black
Men
Women

9,851
4,870
4,981

9,933
5,056
4,877

347
355
339

374
395
355

Hispanic origin
Men
Women

7,133
4,509
2,624

7,309
4,608
2,701

325
348
302

328
341
314

SEX AND AGE

FAMILY RELATIONSHIP
Husbands
Wives
Women who maintain families
Men who maintain families
Other persons in families:
Men
Women
All other men1
All other women1
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX

1
The majority of these persons are living alone or with nonrelatives.
Also included are persons in families where the husband, wife, or other
person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and persons in
unrelated subfamilies.




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

73

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-74. Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Characteristic

Median weekly earnings
III
1992

III
1992

III
1993

Total, 16 years and over

19,045

19,405

$135

$140

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over

6,104
3,136
2,969

6,261
3,257
3,004

123
110
149

129
114
155

12,941
3,721
9,220

13,143
3,820
9,323

141
108
160

146
115
164

Husbands
Wives
Women who maintain families
Men who maintain families

1,671
6,771
1,079
170

1,622
6,553
1,296
177

149
168
131
141

157
172
144
158

Other persons in families:
Men
Women
All other men1
All other women1

3,157
3,230
1,106
1,862

3,217
3,346
1,246
1,948

111
106
146
133

114
110
145
146

White
Men
Women

16,617
5,167
11,450

16,783
5,256
11,527

137
123
143

141
127
148

Black
Men
Women

1,844
730
1,114

1,945
723
1,222

121
121
122

133
131
134

Hispanic origin
Men
Women

1,401
571
830

1,473
596
878

141
139
143

134
139
129

1993

SEX AND AGE

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
FAMILY RELATIONSHIP

RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX

1
The majority of these persons are living alone or with nonrelatives.
Also included are persons in families where the husband, wife, or other
person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and persons in
unrelated subfamilies.

74




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY DATA
A-75. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Occupation and sex

III
1992

III
1993

23,043
11,109
11,933
26,238
3,801
8,102

24,179

Median weekly earnings
III
1992

1993

TOTAL
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..
Farming, forestry, and fishing

14,334
9,498
367
1,835

7,296
10,699
3,809
3,462
3,428

11,817
12,362
26,547
3,479
8,515
14,553

9,342
402
1,852
7,088

10,860
3,841
3,534
3,484

$658
651
665
405
504
425
379
284
182
469
267
490
500
494
470
363
354
456
304
263

$672
654
683
419
521
448
391
289
186
518
270
502
516
497
494
371
359
454
310
263

791
790
792
529
585
543
492
349

14,556
6,993

14,416

4,186
3,377
1,690

4,193
3,360
1,506

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..
Farming, forestry, and fishing

11,986
6,291
5,695
10,018
2,067
4,740
3,212
4,633
17
1,540
3,075
9,788
3,670
3,395
2,723
11,042
4,303
3,933
2,806
1,509

12,456
6,586
5,870
10,184
1,806
5,067
3,312
4,604
19
1,572
3,014
9,875
3,655
3,476
2,745
11,123
4,355
3,970
2,798
1,309

775
781
769
518
594
522
470
324

494
285
502
502
496
510
398
410
462
309
268

540
291
514
513
500
539
402
410
463
316
269

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
„

11,056
4,818
6,238

11,723
5,231
6,491
16,363
1,674

567
521
586
362
421
303
363
255
183
406
256
338
441

576
523
603
377
473
328
374
255
183
431
258
354
579

6,862

Men

1

16,220
1,735
3,363
11,123
4,865
350

295
4,221
912
140
67
705
3,514

2,690
253
571
181

3,448
11,242
4,738
383
280
4,075
985
187

59
739
3,292
2,507
223
562
197

0

0

O

0

321
287
282
373
284
218

320
293
291
351
280
239

Data not shown where base is less than 100,000.




75

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-76. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan, urban, and rural areas
by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
United States

Metropolitan areas
Central
cities

Total

Employment status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin

III
1992

III
1993

III
1992

III
1993

Suburbs

III
1992

III
1993

1992

III
1993

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population ....
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

191,786
128,372
66.9
118,930
9,442
7.4
63,414

193,799
129,218
66.7
120,685
8,533
6.6
64,581

149,134
101,028
67.7
93,478
7,550
7.5
48,106

150,754
101,598
67.4
94,726
6,873
6.8
49,156

57,667
37,927
65.8
34,511
3,417
9.0
19,740

57,453
37,283
64.9
34,328
2,955
7.9
20,169

91,466
63,101
69.0
58,968
4,133
6.5
28,366

93,301
64,315
68.9
60,398
3,917
6.1
28,986

85,010
66,024
111
61,744
4,280
6.5
18,986

86,009
66,428
77.2
62,557
3,871
5.8
19,581

66,134
51,961
78.6
48,501
3,460
6.7
14,174

52,325
78.1
49,149
3,176
6.1
14,635

25,201
19,299
76.6
17,750
1,549
8.0
5,903

25,203
19,099
75.8
17,693
1,406
7.4
6,104

40,933
32,662
79.8
30,751
1,911
5.9
8,271

41,757
33,226
79.6
31,456
1,770
5.3
8,531

93,633
54,723
58.4
51,009
3,714
6.8
38,910

94,497
55,117
58.3
51,755
3,362
6.1
39,380

73,062
43,405
59.4
40,430
2,975
6.9
29,658

73,732
43,571
59.1
40,887
2,684
6.2
30,161

28,676
16,602
57.9
15,235
1,367
8.2
12,074

28,545
16,293
57.1
15,150
1,143
7.0
12,252

44,386
26,803
60.4
25,195
1,608
6.0
17,583

45,187
27,277
60.4
25.737
1,541
5.6
17,909

13,144
7,625
58.0
6,177
1,448
19.0
5,518

13,293
7,673
57.7
6,373
1,300
16.9
5,620

9,937
5,662
57.0
4,548
1,114
19.7
4,275

10,061
5,703
56.7
4,689
1,013
17.8
4,359

3,790
2,026
53.5
1,526
500
24.7
1,763

3,705
1,891
51.0
1,484
407
21.5
1,814

6,147
3,636
59.1
3,022
614
16.9
2,511

6,357
3,811
60.0
3,205
606
15.9
2,545

162,788
109,476
67.3
102,433
7,043
6.4
53,312

164,078
110,301
67.2
103,947
6,354
5.8
53,778

124,500
84,861
68.2
79,372
5,489
6.5
39,639

125,349
85,297
68.0
80,306
4,991
5.9
40,052

42,361
28,318
66.8
26,226
2,092
7.4
14,044

41,874
27,838
66.5
26,067
1,771
6.4
14,036

82,139
56,544
68.8
53,146
3,397
6.0
25,595

83,476
57,459
68.8
54,239
3,220
5.6
26,017

21,997
14,231
64.7
12,232
1,999
14.0
7,765

22,376
14,175
63.3
12,394
1,781
12.6
8,201

18,467
12,039
65.2
10,331
1,708
14.2
6,428

18,960
12,113
63.9
10,577
1,536
12.7
6,847

12,317
7,654
62.1
6,506
1,147
15.0
4,663

12,440
7,497
60.3
6,492
1,005
13.4
4,943

6,150
4,385
71.3
3,825
560
12.8
1,765

6,521
4,616
70.8
4,086
531
11.5
1,904

15,303
10,289
67.2
9,102
1,187
11.5
5,013

15,824
10,485
66.3
9,435
1,050
10.0
5,339

14,309
9,634
67.3
8,526
1,108
11.5
4,675

14,679
9,770
66.6
8,771
999
10.2
4,910

7,985
5,247
65.7
4,586
661
12.6
2,738

8,046
5,150
64.0
4,618
532
10.3
2,897

6,324
4,387
69.4
3,940
447
10.2
1,937

6,633
4,620
69.7
4,153
467
10.1
2,013

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population ....
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

76




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-76. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan, urban, and rural
areas by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Nonmetropolitan

Urban
areas

Rural
areas

Employment status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
III
1992

III
1993

42,653
27,344
64.1
25,452
1,892
6.9
15,309

43,045
27,620
64.2
25,959
1,661
6.0
15,425

139,486
93,569
67.1
86,303
7,266
7.8
45,916

18,875
14,063
74.5
13,243
820
5.8
4,812

19,049
14,103
74.0
13,408
695
4.9
4,946

20,571
11,318
55.0
10,580
739
6.5
9,252

III
1992

III
1993

III
1992

III
1993

140,342
93,506
66.6
86,940
6,566
7.0
46,836

52,301
34,802
66.5
32,627
2,176
6.3
17,498

53,457
35,712
66.8
33,745
1,967
5.5
17,745

61,180
47,696
78.0
44,398
3,298
6.9
13,485

61,706
47,760
77.4
44,740
3,020
6.3
13,946

23,829
18,328
76.9
17,346
982
5.4
5,501

24,303
18,667
76.8
17,817
850
4.6
5,635

20,765
11,546
55.6
10,868
678
5.9
9,219

68,902
40,527
58.8
37,646
2,881
7.1
28,375

69,278
40,501
58.5
37,908
2,593
6.4
28,777

24,732
14,197
57.4
13,364
833
5.9
10,535

25,219
14,615
58.0
13,846
769
5.3
10,603

3,207
1,963
61.2
1,629
334
17.0
1,244

3,232
1,971
61.0
1,684
287
14.6
1,261

9,404
5,347
56.9
4,260
1,087
20.3
4,057

9,357
5,244
56.0
4,292
952
18.2
4,113

3,740
2,278
60.9
1,917
361
15.8
1,462

3,936
2,430
61.7
2,081
348
14.3
1,506

38,288
24,615
64.3
23,061
1,554
6.3
13,673

38,729
25,004
64.6
23,641
1,363
5.5
13,725

114,434
77,220
67.5
72,090
5,130
6.6
37,215

114,457
76,990
67.3
72,359
4,631
6.0
37,468

48,354
32,256
66.7
30,343
1,913
5.9
16,098

49,621
33,311
67.1
31,588
1,723
5.2
16,310

3,530
2,192
62.1
1,901
292
13.3
1,337

3,416
2,062
60.4
1,817
245
11.9
1,354

18,993
12,304
64.8
10,517
1,788
14.5
6,689

19,561
12,439
63.6
10,842
1,598
12.8
7,122

3,004
1,927
64.2
1,715
212
11.0
1,077

2,815
1,736
61.7
1,553
183
10.5
1,079

994
656
66.0
577
79
12.1
339

1,145
715
62.5
664
51
7.2
429

13,989
9,384
67.1
8,292
1,092
11.6
4.606

14,474
9,555
66.0
8,604
950
9.9
4,919

1,314
906
69.0
810
95
10.5
408

1,350
931
68.9
831
100
10.7
420

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics
are included in both the white and black population groups. These data are based




on 1980 census designations and are not comparable to data published through
the first quarter of 1984. Beginning with the first quarter of 1993, separate data
are no longer available for farm and nonfarm areas.

77

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-77. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race and Hispanic
origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total United States
Employment status, race, and
Hispanic origin

Metropolitan areas

Nonpoverty
areas

Poverty
areas
III
1992

III
1993

1992

26,793
15,693
58.6
13,835
1,857
11.8
10.2
11.0
28.9
27.5
30.4
11,101

26,242
14,932
56.9
13,272
1,660
11.1
9.9
10.4
25.6
26.3
24.7
11,310

164,993
112,679
68.3
105,095
7,584
6.7
6.0
6.2
17.4
18.5
16.0
52,314

1993

Poverty
areas

1992

III
1993

Nonmetropolitan areas

Nonpoverty
areas

1992

1993

Poverty
areas

1992

Nonpoverty
areas

1993

1992

1993

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over...
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...
Men
Women
Not in labor force

167,557 17,174 16,895 131,960 133,859
114,286
9,890 9,401 91,138 92,197
68.2
57.6
55.6
69.1
68.9
107,413
8,530 8,171 84,949 86,554
6,874
1,360
1,230
6,190
5,643
6.0
13.8
13.1
6.8
6.1
5.3
12.0
12.0
6.1
5.5
5.6
12.7
11.8
6.2
5.6
15.7
33.3
29.9
17.8
16.3
16.7
33.0
30.7
19.2
17.5
14.6
33.6
28.8
16.3
15.0
53,271
7,285 7,494 40,821 41,661

9,619
5,803
60.3
5,306
497
8.6
7.2
8.1
21.4
19.2
24.3
3,816

9,347
5,531
59.2
5,101
430
7.8
6.3
7.9
18.4
18.4
18.4
3,816

33,033
21,541
65.2
20,146
1,395
6.5
5.5
6.1
15.9
16.5
15.1
11,493

33,698
22,089
65.5
20,858
1,231
5.6
4.6
5.4
13.7
14.1
13.2
11,609

White
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over...
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...
Men
Women
Not in labor force

16,472 15,896 146,316 148,182
9,895 9,392 99,581 100,908
68.1
68.1
60.1
59.1
9,005 8,563 93,428 95,384
5,524
891
829 6,152
6.2
5.5
9.0
8.8
5.5
4.9
7.8
7.8
5.7
5.1
8.7
8.3
15.4
13.8
21.0
20.7
16.4
14.7
20.1
22.3
14.2
18.7
12.8
21.9
6,577 6,504 46,735 47,274

9,163
5,446
59.4
4,868
577
10.6
9.2
10.4
24.1
24.8
23.5
3,717

8,852
5,141
58.1
4,582
560
10.9
9.9
9.6
25.9
27.7
23.4
3,711

116,497
80,156
68.8
75,725
4,431
5.5
5.0
5.1
14.0
15.0
12.9
36,342

7,309
4,449
60.9
4,136
313
7.0
6.0
6.7
17.3
14.9
20.0
2,860

7,044
4,251
60.3
3,981
270
6.3
5.2
6.7
13.9
14.3
13.4
2,793

30,979
20,165
65.1
18,925
1,241
6.2
5.1
5.8
15.7
16.4
14.9
10,813

31,685
20,753
65.5
19,659
1,093
5.3
4.3
5.1
13.0
13.8
12.2
10,932

9,229
5,165
56.0
4,287
878
17.0
15.2
14.8
42.4
40.2
44.7
4,065

9,163 12,767 13,214
9,067 9,307
4,868
70.4
53.1
71.0
4,140 7,945 8,254
728
1,053
1,122
15.0
11.3
12.4
13.8
10.0
11.4
13.3
9.8
10.4
34.3
32.1
34.7
33.8
33.8
38.3
34.9
30.2
30.7
4,294 3,701
3,907

7,230
3,997
55.3
3,285
712
17.8
16.4
15.2
44.3
43.9
44.7
3,233

7,171 11,237 11,789
3,768 8,042 8,345
52.5
71.6
70.8
3,175
7,047 7,402
593
996
942
15.7
12.4
11.3
14.9
11.3
10.1
13.9
10.3
9.7
35.4
36.7
32.5
35.1
39.8
35.3
35.7
33.1
29.4
3,403 3,195
3,444

1,999
1,168
58.4
1,002
165
14.2
11.5
13.6
35.7

1,991
1,100
55.2
965
135
12.3
10.0
11.3
31.1

1,530
1,025
66.9
898
126
12.3
12.0
11.4
20.4

1,425
962
67.5
852
110
11.5
9.2
11.1
29.1

O
O

O
O

O
O

O
O

4,628
2,708
58.5
2,337
371
13.7
11.6
13.6
26.9
23.5
30.8
1,920

4,483 10,675 11,341
2,550 7,582 7,935
70.0
71.0
56.9
2,204 6,765 7,232
703
346
817
13.6
8.9
10.8
11.4
7.4
9
13.5
9.0
10.6
29.1
21.0
24.8
29.4
26.3
19.4
28.7
22.4
23.0
3,093 3,405
1,933

4,290
2,491
58.1
2,147
345
13.8
12.0
13.5
26.4
22.6
30.4
1,798

4,105 10,019 10,574
2,342
7,143
7,428
57.1
71.3
70.2
2,016
6,379 6,756
327
764
672
14.0
10.7
9.0
11.7
9.3
7.6
13.7
10.5
9.1
30.3
23.7
21.5
30.5
24.9
20.0
29.9
22.0
23.5
2,876
1,763
3,147

338
216
64.0
190
26
12.1
7.7
15.2

115,337
79,415
68.9
74,504
4,912
6.2
5.6
5.7
15.2
16.3
14.0
35,922

Black
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over...
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...
Men
Women
Not in labor force

832

891

506

462

Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over...
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ..
Men
Women
Not in labor force
1

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and

78




0
0
0

122

378
208
54.9
188
20
9.5
7.5
10.9

0
O
0
170

656
439
67.0
386
53
12.1
8.1
12.3

0
0
O

217

766
508
66.2
476
32
6.2
5.3
6.8

0
0
O

259

Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. These
data are based on 1980 census designations and are not comparable to data
published through the first quarter of 1984.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1942 to date
(In thousands)
Goods-producing
Year
and
month

Total

Total
private

Total

Mining

Construction

Service-producing

Manufacturing

Total

Transportation
and
public
utilities

Wholesale
trade

Retail
trade

Finance,
insurance,
and
Services
real
estate

Government

Federal

State

Local

Annual averages
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...

40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

34,624
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930

2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194

15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

21,636
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189

3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061

1950 ...
1951 ...
1952 ...
1953 ...
1954 ...
1955 ...
1956 ...
1957 ...
1958 ...
19592 ..

45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186

18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411

901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675

1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...

54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384

45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189

20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...

70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958

1980 ...
1981 ...
1982 ...
1983 ...
1984 ...
1985 ...
1986 ...
1987 ...
1988 ...
1989 ...

90,406
91,152
89,544
90,152
94,408
97,387
99,344
101,958
105,210
107,895

74,166
75,121
73,707
74,282
78,384
80,992
82,651
84,948
87,824
90,117

25,658
25,497
23,812
23,330
24,718
24,842
24,533
24,674
25,125
25,254

1990 ...
1991 ...
1992 ...

109,419
108,256
108,519

91,115
89,854
89,866

24,905
23,745
23,142

1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949

4,189
4,001

1,912
1,828
1,851
1,955
2,298
2,478
2,612
2,610

5,206
5,154
5,208
5,359
6,077
6,477
6,659
6,654

1,509
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828

4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,239

2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908

26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

2,643
2,735
2,821
2,862
2,875
2,934
3,027
3,037
2,989
3,092

6,743
7,007
7,184
7,385
7,360
7,601
7,831
7,848
7,761
8,035

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,356
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

1,168
1,250
1,328
1,415
1,484

3,558
3,819
4,071
4,232
4,366

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

3,153
3,142
3,207
3,258
3,347
3,477
3,608
3,700
3,791
3,919

8,238
8,195
8,359
8,520
8,812
9,239
9,637
9,906
10,308
10,785

2,628
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378
7,619
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758

1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533

4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

47,302
48,278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

4,006
4,014
4,127
4,291
4,447
4,430
4,562
4,723
4,985
5,221

11,034
11,338
11,822
12,315
12,539
12,630
13,193
13,792
14,556
14,972

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975

11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,302
16,252
17,112

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773

2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541

7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633

1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
927
777
717
713
692

4,346
4,188
3,904
3,946
4,380
4,668
4,810
4,958
5,098
5,171

20,285
20,170
18,780
18,432
19,372
19,248
18,947
18,999
19,314
19,391

64,748
65,655
65,732
66,821
69,690
72,544
74,811
77,284
80,086
82,642

5,146
5,165
5,081
4,952
5,156
5,233
5,247
5,362
5,514
5,625

5,292
5,375
5,295
5,283
5,568
5,727
5,761
5,848
6,030
6,187

15,018
15,171
15,158
15,587
16,512
17,315
17,880
18,422
19,023
19,475

5,160
5,298
5,340
5,466
5,684
5,948
6,273
6,533
6,630
6,668

17,890
18,615
19,021
19,664
20,746
21,927
22,957
24,110
25,504
26,907

2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899
2,943
2,971
2,988

3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,832
3,893
3,967
4,076
4,182

9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,687
9,901
10,100
10,339
10,609

709

5,120
4,650
4,471

19,076
18,406
18,040

84,514
84,511
85,377

5,793
5,762
5,709

6,173
6,081
6,045

19,601
19,284
19,346

6,709
6,646
6,571

27,934
28,336
29,053

3,085
2,966
2,969

4,305
4,355
4,403

10,914
11,081
11,281

()

()
0)
1

0
(1)
O

O1

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
1992:
September
October
November
December
1993:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August?
September*1
1

108,674
108,789
108,921
109,079

89,945
90,079
90,159
90,313

23,012
22,995
22,995
22,985

616
618
616
613

4,447
4,466
4,462
4,459

17,949
17,911
17,917
17,913

85,662
85,794
85,926
86,094

5,704
5,699
5,699
5,707

6,037
6,052
6,061
6,062

19,380
19,402
19,405
19,460

6,565
6,570
6,569
6,575

29,247
29,361
29,430
29,524

2,966
2,945
2,943
2,968

4,436
4,426
4,424
4,431

11,327
11,339
11,395
11,367

109,235
109,539
109,565
109,820
110,058
110,101
110,336
110,297
110,453

90,480
90,762
90,777
91,020
91,239
91,278
91,497
91,462
91,547

23,001
23,069
23,016
22,980
23,006
22,941
22,948
22,895
22,887

611
600
600
600
602
596
595
592
597

4,454
4,515
4,481
4,517
4,577
4,574
4,593
4,591
4,596

17,936
17,954
17,935
17,863
17,827
17,771
17,760
17,712
17,694

86,234
86,470
86,549
86,840
87,052
87,160
87,390
87,402
87,566

5,719
5,725
5,724
5,720
5,719
5,711
5,709
5,693
5,705

6,086
6,097
6,103
6,110
6,125
6,110
6,126
6,107
6,111

19,523
19,629
19,604
19,648
19,702
19,751
19,790
19,796
19,837

6,578
6,577
6,574
6,585
6,588
6,590
6,604
6,601
6,611

29,573
29,665
29,756
29,977
30,099
30,175
30,320
30,370
30,396

2,945
2,944
2,938
2,923
2,912
2,901
2,896
2,906
2,910

4,435
4,439
4,443
4,458
4,462
4,451
4,477
4,484
4,497

11,375
11,394
11,407
11,419
11,445
11,471
11,468
11,445
11,499

Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonfarm total for the March 1959 benchmark
month.
P = preliminary.
2




NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1992
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1992) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1989) are subject to revision.

79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
UUUc

All employees
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Production workers

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

108,384 109,129 110,098 110,091 110,926

Total

Sept.
1992

July
1993

-

-

Aug.
1993P
-

Sept.
1993P
-

90,819 90,673 92,242 92,413 92,299 73,775 73,663 75,193 75,362 75,256

Total private.

632

Mining.

621

605

601

602

448

442

428

426

427

41.1
5.9
12.4

42.0
7.0
12.3

40.8
7.3
12.2

38.3
4.7
12.2

_
-

Metal mining...
Iron ores
Copper ores.

10
101
102

52.8
8.1
15.2

53.5
9.1
15.2

51.1
9.1
14.9

48.0
6.0
14.8

_
_
-

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining .

12
122

127.1
118.3

124.7
115.9

99.9
92.3

95.9
87.9

_
-

103.0
95.7

100.7
93.4

79.7
73.5

76.0
69.5

-

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas .
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

345.9
178.4
161.8

337.7
171.4
160.6

350.1
167.4
176.9

352.6
166.7
180.2

350.6
_
-

223.8
90.4
129.2

219.4
86.8
128.5

228.8
82.3
142.4

232.1
81.8
146.1

_
_
-

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels .
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals....

14
142
144
147

106.3
39.2
34.8
15.0

105.5
38.9
34.6
14.8

103.9
39.0
34.4
13.4

104.3
39.1
34.5
13.4

_
-

80.2
30.4
-

79.6
30.1
-

79.0
30.7
-

79.3
30.8
_
-

_
_
_
-

4,773

4,712

4,873

4,917

4,872

3,704

3,652

3,811

3,850

3,812

1,124.6 1,103.8 1,115.8 1,117.4 1,101.7
_
555.4 553.9
553.5
542.8
_
27.4
27.1
27.3
27.4
543.7
533.9
533.1
536.1
-

809.1
384.7
12.1
412.3

790.1
375.2
12.4
402.5

800.8
384.8
11.9
404.1

801.5
381.9
12.0
407.6

_
_
_
-

648.8
219.2
429.6

655.8
216.5
439.3

652.8
231.8
421.0

659.9
234.7
425.2

_
-

Construction.
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

15
152
153
154

Heavy construction, except building ....
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway.

16
161
162

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning .
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work ..

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

772.7
258.8
513.9

_
-

2,875.2 2,829.0 2,984.5 3,019.9
623.8
614.1 638.6 642.8
181.4
170.5
187.5
169.0
524.0
527.0
515.2
507.8
445.9
456.5
426.7
419.4
177.4
182.6
176.8
173.5
217.3
220.1
204.7
203.5

_
_
_
_
-

18,126 17,749

10,226 10,234

Durable goods.

772.9
271.4
501.5

779.8
274.7
505.1

18,135

Manufacturing .

779.2
256.2
523.0

17,856 17,877

2,246.2 2,205.8 2,356.9 2,389.0
455.8
447.6 469.5
474.3
141.6
140.5
153.0
158.4
399.0
407.7
392.3
410.4
365.8
385.5
358.6
395.0
131.6
128.5
133.2
138.5
163.1
162.5
176.3
179.5
12,334 12,349 12,079

12,195

12,234

6,816

6,657

6,690

6,736

565.4
66.3
155.4
124.4
29.1
196.9
79.9
53.3
19.4
24.8
36.0
45.4
35.0
65.4

572.5
65.2
154.4
124.1
28.7
199.5
80.4
54.6
19.4
24.8
37.7
49.8
38.9
65.9

576.8
66.0
154.4
123.5
29.2
201.3
81.0
54.8
19.7
24.8
37.3
51.1
40.3
66.7

577.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

377.3
223.3
102.9
72.0
15.6
21.5

371.6
219.7
100.9
71.8
14.0
21.9

379.1
224.1
103.9
72.7
13.5
22.3

380.5
_
_
_
_
-

689.6
80.4
180.5
145.4
32.9
245.8
102.6
67.2
22.6
27.3
43.5
58.5
41.9
80.9

686.9
80.3
179.0
143.8
33.0
245.2
102.2
67.2
22.5
27.5
42.9
58.9
42.4
80.6

694.9
79.7
178.2
143.1
33.1
248.0
102.8
68.8
22.6
27.3
44.5
63.8
47.0
80.7

698.8
80.1
178.0
142.4
33.5
250.0
103.4
69.0
23.0
27.3
44.1
65.0
48.3
81.6

698.9
_

_
_
-

567.1
66.0
156.4
125.7
28.9
197.2
80.3
53.1
19.4
24.6
36.6
45.2
34.5
65.7

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture .
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515

478.5
268.8
120.7
86.9
18.8
28.1

478.4
268.2
120.3
86.6
19.5
28.1

472.6
263.7
117.7
86.0
17.7
28.8

481.0
269.0
121.3
87.3
17.1
29.2

481.5
_
-

377.2
223.4
103.2
72.3
14.8
21.4




_
_
_
-

6,791

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

80

_
_

9,978 10,005 10,041

Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

See footnotes at end of table.

_

_
-

_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures—Continued
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers1

Al employees
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

252
253
254
259

62.7
35.4
77.1
34.5

63.5
35.4
77.1
34.2

61.9
34.4
78.1
34.5

62.4
36.1
78.8
34.7

_
-

46.6
27.9
56.3
23.0

46.6
27.9
56.8
22.7

44.5
27.2
57.3
22.9

45.3
28.8
57.7
23.2

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

524.2
14.6
79.6
36.4
43.2
60.4
17.7
31.2
37.5
194.6
17.2
64.5
96.0
74.8
19.5
3.1
22.2

523.8
14.6
80.7
36.6
44.1
60.2
17.3
31.6
37.8
193.6
17.0
64.6
95.3
74.2
19.3
3.1
21.9

520.3
14.1
78.2
35.3
42.9
57.2
17.4
31.4
37.9
196.6
17.1
63.9
98.7
74.1
19.7
3.0
21.4

523.3
14.1
78.1
35.1
43.0
58.7
17.2
31.8
38.0
197.8
17.1
64.3
99.4
74.0
19.6
3.0
21.5

523.1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

406.5
11.4
67.7
32.8
34.9
46.0
13.7
24.2
29.4
148.6
11.1
48.2
76.1
55.6
14.3
2.5
-

406.8
11.5
68.8
33.1
35.7
45.7
13.4
24.6
29.5
147.8
11.0
48.4
75.4
55.6
14.2
2.5
-

401.5
11.0
65.6
31.6
34.0
43.0
13.5
24.3
29.6
150.1
11.1
47.7
77.9
54.9
14.5
2.4
-

404.9
10.8
65.6
31.5
34.1
44.5
13.3
24.7
29.7
151.5
11.1
48.3
78.6
54.9
14.5
2.3

405.3

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

693.7
250.7
186.6
25.5
119.9
74.9
5.9
24.0
43.9
25.5
161.8
22.8
24.4
67.9
76.8
22.2

693.2
249.0
185.2
25.0
121.1
75.8
6.0
24.3
43.6
25.4
162.0
22.7
24.5
68.4
76.8
22.6

668.8
237.7
174.3
25.3
114.4
72.0
5.8
23.8
42.6
24.4
159.4
22.4
23.1
68.1
74.2
21.0

673.5
237.6
174.2
25.5
117.5
74.9
6.0
23.9
42.4
24.2
159.9
22.4
23.3
68.3
75.3
21.5

675.1
236.3
_
_
_
_
-

525.2
189.4
141.2
19.0
96.1
60.8
4.9
18.6
33.5
20.2
116.8
17.3
16.2
49.3
60.1
17.5

526.4
188.6
140.5
18.7
97.3
61.8
4.9
18.9
33.2
20.2
117.6
17.3
16.2
50.1
60.3
18.0

507.0
181.0
133.9
18.3
90.2
57.2
4.6
18.5
32.2
18.9
115.3
17.0
15.2
49.4
59.1
16.6

512.0
180.7
133.7
18.5
93.5
60.1
4.7
18.8
32.1
18.8
116.0
17.0
15.2
49.9
60.2
17.2

514.1
179.3
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469

971.5
38.9
31.7
90.6
30.0
52.4
40.4
18.0
13.0
278.3
49.3
51.7
66.3
69.4
18.6
68.0
35.8
32.2
171.8
21.7
82.0
59.1

977.9
38.7
31.4
91.4
30.3
53.0
40.6
17.8
13.3
278.5
49.5
51.5
66.8
68.8
18.6
68.2
36.0
32.2
174.4
22.4
83.3
59.7

952.8
37.0
30.3
90.5
30.2
52.2
40.0
18.1
12.3
275.3
46.9
51.8
64.4
70.1
17.8
68.2
36.4
31.8
163.7
21.5
76.3
57.5

964.6
37.0
30.2
90.7
30.8
51.8
40.7
17.7
13.2
277.6
47.6
52.5
64.3
70.6
17.8
68.1
36.2
31.9
170.0
21.2
81.3
59.2

973.1

-

1,323.4 1,327.9 1,296.3 1,306.9 1,314.8
45.1
44.7
42.8
_
42.9
36.1
35.6
34.5
34.5
122.9 123.3 122.0 122.0
40.8
40.9
40.5
40.9
70.3
70.7
69.6
69.2
56.9
57.1
56.7
57.0
24.2
23.9
24.4
23.9
19.7
20.1
19.4
20.0
393.2 392.6 388.3 389.7
68.6
68.7
66.3
66.9
70.9
70.8
71.1
_
71.5
98.7
98.9
95.1
94.9
92.6
91.6
93.3
93.6
26.9
26.7
25.4
25.3
89.3
89.5
88.8
88.8
44.2
44.6
44.7
44.6
_
45.1
44.9
44.1
44.2
215.9 218.7 207.6 214.0
28.7
29.3
28.3
28.1
97.4
98.7
91.4
96.3
77.8
78.6
76.4
78.1
-

_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products ..
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee .
Electronic and other electrical equipment...
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers ....
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
See footnotes at end of table.

82




1987
SIC
Code

347
3471

3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
35
351
3511

3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571
3575,8,9
358
3585

359
3592
3596,9
36
361
3612
3613
362

3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1992

114.7
71.2
43.5
64.4
39.9
221.0
23.9
51.6

Sept.
1992

115.6
72.0
43.6
64.5
40.1
221.9
24.1
51.4

July
1993

112.6
70.3
42.3
58.0
34.5
219.5
23.1
51.0

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

113.8
71.6
42.2
56.9
34.2
221.8
23.7
52.2

Aug.
1992

88.4
54.8
33.6
36.6
19.8
158.5
17.0
38.9

Sept.
1992

89.3
55.5
33.8
37.0
20.1
159.8
17.2
38.8

July
1993

87.3
54.4
32.9
32.6
16.8
158.2
17.1
38.6

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

88.5
55.6
32.9
31.7
16.6
160.3
17.6
39.7

1,911.0 1,916.4 1,890.1 1,882.1 1,893.0 1,137.9 1,147.0 1,139.3 1,135.5 1,149.6
88.3
87.6
87.3
87.1
54.2
55.4
54.4
54.2
28.5
28.1
28.1
28.2
16.7
16.9
16.3
16.3
59.8
59.5
59.2
58.9
37.5
38.5
38.1
37.9
89.8
91.3
94.2
87.3
60.7
63.0
64.7
67.7
68.4
70.7
70.5
66.6
45.9
47.5
49.6
49.2
204.8 208.1 207.4
204.5
121.9
122.9
126.6
126.6
77.0
79.3
78.4
76.4
45.2
46.1
48.4
47.6
15.8
14.2
14.5
15.7
9.3
9.4
8.1
8.5
37.3
37.5
37.4
37.7
23.7
23.5
24.7
24.7
33.3
34.9
34.8
33.1
18.0
18.3
19.3
19.5
24.5
25.4
25.5
24.7
16.4
16.3
16.6
16.8
304.1
300.7 302.6 304.7
210.5 212.5 212.8 212.7
36.4
36.4
37.5
37.8
23.0
23.2
22.0
21.9
15.0
15.1
15.1
15.2
9.2
9.3
9.3
9.5
141.2
141.4
136.4
137.9
103.3
104.8
107.1
107.4
48.1
47.8
48.3
48.4
33.8
34.1
33.1
33.0
23.6
23.7
23.5
23.6
15.7
15.9
15.9
16.0
147.1
147.0
145.5 146.2
84.1
84.4
83.0
82.8
15.3
15.2
15.6
15.8
10.1
10.1
10.5
10.5
21.5
21.6
20.4
20.3
11.3
11.5
10.6
10.4
22.7
22.6
22.6
22.6
13.4
13.4
13.4
13.3
235.3
232.3
231.4
233.8
148.1
149.5
147.0
146.3
31.4
30.1
30.0
31.3
17.5
17.5
16.7
16.6
38.5
36.1
35.5
37.3
29.3
30.5
28.6
28.1
25.4
24.3
23.7
25.3
14.0
14.0
12.8
12.2
31.0
31.8
31.8
31.2
21.2
21.0
21.3
21.4
15.9
16.3
16.4
15.8
11.1
11.1
11.5
11.5
19.2
19.1
19.6
19.2
12.6
12.7
12.8
12.9
389.8 388.4 359.9 354.6
128.8
129.4
119.4
117.4
60.6
60.1
239.2 237.3 207.8 203.1
53.2
52.1
57.9
172.3
117.2
288.4
20.9
224.1

58.2
171.5
116.2
288.7

21.0
224.5

56.3
175.0
118.2
285.7
20.4
223.5

55.5
171.4
114.8
285.5

20.6
222.9

1,517.5 1,519.0 1,503.0 1,503.1 1,507.0
82.3
80.4
80.7
82.5
40.8
39.9
40.2
41.0
41.5
40.5
40.5
41.5
156.2 156.6 157.7 156.5
78.6
77.5
77.5
76.9
59.7
60.0
59.7
60.2
114.1
115.8
119.5
119.5
26.6
26.8
28.4
27.2
17.3
18.2
18.1
18.4
29.1
29.8
28.8
31.0

25.9
120.8
86.1
208.8
16.8
167.1

26.9
120.2
85.3
209.7
16.9
167.8

23.7
122.6
86.7
208.8
16.5
168.2

22.9
118.9
83.2
208.9
16.6
168.0

964.6
56.7
28.9
27.8

967.2
56.5
28.6
27.9

956.2
55.6
28.4
27.2

109.6
59.4
36.9
90.5
22.0
12.6
22.5

109.9
59.9
36.8
92.1
22.3
13.5
23.1

110.1
60.6
35.7
95.4
24.8
14.2
22.2

955.2
55.7
28.4
27.3
109.0
59.4
35.8
94.7
23.5
14.4
24.4

962.8

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1987
SIC
Code

364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1992

173.1
20.9
63.9
19.1
20.4
83.1
59.2
235.1
107.7
522.6
26.0
217.2
124.0
150.8
25.3
63.3

Sept.
1992

173.8
20.9
64.4
19.0
20.5
83.7
59.4
235.3
108.1
520.9
25.8
215.8
123.5
150.6
25.3
63.1

July
1993

170.3
20.5
63.3
19.0
19.4
81.9
57.9
230.3
105.2
515.6
23.4
214.7
121.7
147.3
24.3
62.3

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

171.6
20.5

Aug.
1992

124.8
17.7
42.4
13.6
15.4
56.2
38.3
119.3
59.1
303.4
17.4
90.5
80.4
104.1
19.7
48.1

63.1
19.1
20.0
83.2
58.7
229.9
104.4
513.8
23.2
213.7
120.9
147.9
24.9
61.4

Sept.
1992

125.4
17.6
42.7
13.7
15.5
56.8
38.5
119.6
59.3
302.9
17.1
89.9
80.2
104.0
19.7
48.0

July
1993

122.5
16.2
42.0
13.7
14.5
53.9
36.6
116.7
57.3
299.9
15.7
90.8
79.3
102.1
18.7
48.1

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

123.4
16.1
41.9
13.7
15.0
54.9
37.1
116.1
56.6
299.1
15.4
90.8
78.6
102.3
19.2
47.0

1,802.9 1,803.6 1,697.9 1,698.5 1,710.9 1,128.4 1,133.5 1,074.9 1,076.2 1,085.6
806.5 811.7 802.4 811.0 822.9 617.6 622.2 613.3 619.7 627.9
313.7 317.1
304.4 310.2
227.5
230.0 218.4 221.4
36.0
33.8
33.5
36.7
26.6
29.3
26.3
28.6
414.2 416.8 412.8 416.8
328.6 331.4 326.8 331.4
27.1
27.1
29.6
29.9
21.5
24.2
21.5
23.7
600.5 596.7 533.5 526.2 526.8 283.6 282.9 246.0 240.7
327.8 326.0 298.9 297.0
135.2
121.6
134.7
119.8
124.2
106.3
123.9
109.0
63.0
52.6
63.2
51.5
122.9
148.5
146.8
125.6
85.4
71.8
85.0
69.4
166.4
167.7
154.3
154.0
127.2
119.6
129.1
119.9
121.3 122.4
108.6
108.2
90.7
82.2
92.3
82.4
45.7
45.3
45.1
45.8
36.5
37.4
36.8
37.5
27.6
27.8
27.2
26.4
20.8
19.6
20.7
20.1
117.0
139.6
141.1
118.5
38.6
33.0
38.3
32.6
84.8
102.3 101.2
85.8
26.4
22.0
26.1
21.8
44.7
45.0
46.1
46.2
29.1
30.9
28.7
30.8
16.7
18.8
17.0
18.8
13.4
15.3
13.6
15.3

Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

921.0
223.3
289.5
43.7
59.7
75.5
265.4
107.7
96.5
38.2
95.7
8.9

917.5
222.2
288.6
43.6
59.2
75.4
265.0
107.6
96.3
38.1
94.7
8.9

876.8
198.6
275.3
41.7
55.9
71.9
264.4
109.2
95.6
38.0
92.2
8.3

875.6
198.3
274.8
41.8
56.0
72.2
264.7
110.7
94.6
38.0
91.4
8.4

870.4

451.7
70.7
152.2
30.0
28.4
36.9
153.8
63.9
62.7
25.7
42.1
7.2

449.9
70.8
151.5
29.7
28.2
36.9
153.9
63.9
62.6
25.5
40.9
7.3

426.1
62.0
141.0
27.8
26.1
34.1
151.7
64.2
61.2
25.6
39.2
6.6

426.5
62.0
140.7
27.6
26.4
34.2
152.3
65.9
60.2
25.8
39.0
6.7

424.7

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

364.3
49.7
36.2
13.0
105.2
42.5
62.7
32.5
30.2
18.3
133.7
53.2

367.6
50.7
37.2
13.0
107.2
42.8
64.4
32.4
30.6
18.8
133.7
53.2

357.5
47.9
35.5
12.5
104.5
41.0
63.5
31.3
28.4
16.8
132.9
54.0

362.4
49.5
36.5
13.2
103.6
42.2
61.4
31.3
29.8
18.1
135.0
54.4

366.2

261.2
35.1
25.3
10.7
75.4
29.7
45.7
22.0
21.9
12.8
96.1
36.8

265.0
36.2
26.3
10.7
78.3
30.9
47.4
21.6
22.1
13.1
96.1
36.9

255.0
33.7
24.8
10.1
74.5
28.2
46.3
21.2
20.8
11.9
94.7
36.8

259.5
35.2
25.8
10.7
73.6
29.3
44.3
21.1
22.2
13.1
96.7
37.2

263.1

See footnotes at end of table.




83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
p nf ip

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

Tobacco products .
Cigarettes

21
211

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics ,
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks ...
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts .
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses ....
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339

See footnotes at end of table.

84



Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

7,909 7,892 7,771
7,836 5,543 5,533 5,422 5,505 5,498
7,851
1,736.6 1,728.9 1,682.9 1,733.1 1,724.9 1,284.7 1,276.7 1,232.6 1,283.6 1,275.0
436.3 438.3 442.2 445.9
370.9 372.0 376.5 379.8
_
_
113.7 114.5 111.9 113.2
135.3 136.7 132.8 133.9
_
89.8
92.4
91.4
68.1
90.0
68.0
70.0
70.8
_
211.0 211.8 218.0 219.6
189.5 194.6 195.8
189.1
_
96.4
97.1
155.0 153.6 154.7 153.7
97.1
98.5
_
_
40.4
39.6
39.9
40.9
32.0
32.1
32.2
31.8
_
_
69.5
69.7
70.5
70.5
36.5
36.5
36.9
36.5
_
_
272.4 258.9 227.2 267.1
312.6 299.5 269.5 308.8
_
20.9
25.7
24.0
24.7
23.6
19.8
21.7
19.0
_
101.3 131.4
134.7 124.1
120.6 109.5
87.3 116.3
_
_
55.6
56.1
51.0
57.0
49.5
50.8
44.4
50.3
_
124.9 125.5 120.6 123.5
88.2
89.2
88.5
85.5
_
19.7
20.4
19.6
19.3
13.0
12.6
13.2
13.9
41.4
42.1
41.3
42.4
26.7
26.8
26.4
26.3
_
_
134.2 135.9 132.8 134.4
208.2 209.7 206.3 207.9
89.1
88.4
148.6 149.2 147.3 147.2
88.1
87.9
59.6
102.3
7.1
5.1
7.1
52.9
31.7
179.2
39.7
94.8
186.4

60.5
109.1
7.4
5.1
9.4
55.4
32.1
178.6
39.6
94.1
182.5

59.0
93.2
5.6
4.9
7.2
46.5
31.2
180.2
39.1
98.1
185.0

60.7
98.6
6.8
4.9
7.7
49.9
31.3
179.8
38.9
98.1
183.6

50.9
34.8

51.6
34.5

43.3
33.4

46.2
32.8

673.9
86.2
69.4
17.4
21.3
203.8
29.6
40.4
58.5
27.0
27.3
67.7
30.3
23.2
59.1
97.8
77.6
13.6
51.2

677.0
86.8
69.6
17.6
21.5
203.6
29.4
39.9
59.1
27.1
27.0
68.2
30.7
23.4
59.4
98.9
78.5
13.7
51.4

662.9
83.9
67.8
17.7
20.9
197.3
27.4
39.2
56.8
25.8
26.7
68.5
30.7
23.5
59.9
96.7
77.1
13.2
50.2

1,004.3 1,003.2
44.3
44.3
279.7 277.5
67.1
67.3
83.1
85.1
41.0
40.9
314.4 314.0
35.3
35.8
54.9
55.1
33.8
34.0
189.5 190.0

958.0
42.2
268.3
61.5
83.0
40.1
288.3
33.2
46.9
30.9
177.3

_
-

_
_

45.8
79.3
5.4
3.7
5.8
42.5
20.7
80.0
23.8
34.0
141.9

46.8
85.8
5.6
3.7
8.3
44.6
21.2
79.4
24.0
33.5
137.9

44.7
70.8
4.5
3.5
6.0
36.4
20.5
81.6
24.2
37.3
139.2

46.5
76.0
5.4
3.5
6.6
39.7
20.7
82.0
23.9
37.4
138.0

48.5
-

38.8
26.3

39.7
26.2

31.4
25.1

34.4
24.6

37.2
-

666.9
84.0
68.4
17.7
21.6
197.7
27.5
39.1
57.1
26.2
26.2
68.6
31.0
23.7
60.5
97.2
77.4
13.2
51.2

668.6
-

577.0
76.6
59.8
14.5
18.0
177.7
26.5
36.4
51.3
23.3
23.2
55.9
25.1
18.7
47.9
87.5
69.8
11.8
39.1

579.8
77.1
59.9
14.7
18.2
177.7
26.2
36.0
51.9
23.5
23.0
56.4
25.5
18.9
48.1
88.5
70.7
11.8
39.2

563.1
74.1
57.1
15.0
17.5
170.5
24.1
35.2
49.5
22.1
22.4
56.1
25.6
18.6
48.1
86.3
69.3
11.4
38.4

567.2
74.4
57.6
15.0
18.2
170.9
24.1
35.2
49.5
22.6
22.1
56.2
25.8
18.9
48.7
87.0
69.7
11.6
39.2

569.8
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

975.7
42.7
274.6
64.9
84.7
41.0
295.9
33.0
49.2
32.1
181.6

975.9
_

841.9
36.9
241.1
57.7
74.5
35.7
263.7
29.2
44.9
28.6
161.0

841.5
36.9
239.2
57.7
72.6
35.9
263.5
28.8
44.5
28.5
161.7

800.2
34.7
230.5
52.2
72.7
34.8
240.3
27.0
37.4
25.8
150.1

816.9
35.4
236.8
55.9
74.0
35.9
247.0
26.8
39.3
27.0
153.9

817.7
_

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

_
_

_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

58.6
46.7
11.9
48.5
19.2
41.4
197.8
20.3
51.6
51.3

59.0
47.0
12.0
48.7
19.4
41.4
198.3
20.5
52.2
50.6

54.9
43.1
11.8
45.1
18.5
39.6
198.1
19.2
49.9
51.3

54.9
43.1
11.8
45.4
18.5
40.5
200.3
19.5
50.2
52.0

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

47.9
39.5
8.4
41.2
16.5
33.7
160.9
16.8
43.5
41.6

48.5
39.9
8.6
41.3
16.7
33.8
161.6
17.1
44.1
41.1

45.3
36.9
8.4
38.2
15.7
31.9
161.2
15.3
42.5
41.2

45.3
37.0
8.3
38.5
15.7
32.9
163.2
15.5
42.7
42.0

_
_
_
_
_
-

Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

26
262
263
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

692.3
174.3
52.3
211.8
120.8
16.2
49.8
240.0
45.1
36.4
23.4

692.9
174.0
52.2
213.6
122.1
16.1
50.2
239.2
44.5
36.2
23.4

684.3
170.4
52.3
210.1
121.6
16.6
48.5
237.9
44.9
35.4
23.4

683.1
169.0
51.8
211.3
121.9
16.5
48.8
237.8
44.7
35.6
23.3

682.3
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

522.2
132.5
40.2
165.8
90.7
14.2
40.3
172.9
22.0
27.2
17.9

523.4
132.2
40.2
167.7
92.0
14.2
40.7
172.5
21.4
27.1
18.0

517.4
130.3
40.0
164.2
91.8
14.6
39.2
172.3
21.8
26.5
18.0

516.2
128.8
39.7
165.5
92.2
14.5
39.5
172.1
21.7
26.6
18.0

515.7
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

1,499.2 1,498.9 1,502.5 1,503.9 1,499.4
450.7 451.9 452.6 453.1
_
122.9
124.8
123.2
125.4
_
114.8
116.3
119.1
117.9
_
79.4
82.4
79.6
81.0
35.4
36.7
36.7
36.9
80.1
80.3
79.8
80.5
_
526.8 527.0 527.9 529.3
_
345.6 345.9 346.2 346.6
161.4
161.8
163.1
163.6
_
47.4
47.5
46.6
46.6
_
68.8
66.4
69.3
66.1
59.3
58.8
58.9
58.6
-

826.8
157.5
42.7
63.6
33.8
29.8
39.2
380.6
247.9
117.1
32.6
52.7
42.6

826.8
158.2
43.1
62.5
33.7
28.8
38.4
381.0
248.8
116.4
32.8
52.2
43.1

828.7
156.7
42.9
64.8
34.9
29.9
38.4
383.2
250.1
118.0
32.8
50.6
43.0

828.9
157.7
42.7
63.4
33.3
30.1
38.1
384.2
250.2
118.4
32.8
50.6
42.9

825.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

1,091.8 1,082.0 1,081.6 1,078.2 1,074.4
136.6
137.6
136.8
137.5
_
88.7
89.5
89.5
88.8
_
172.8
168.5
167.8
174.2
85.0
83.1
84.5
83.3
57.4
60.7
61.6
58.1
_
259.2 257.0 263.4 262.7
_
213.5
211.5
216.9 216.7
155.0
155.2
156.3
155.6
41.9
41.9
41.9
41.9
_
42.6
43.2
43.1
43.0
_
70.5
71.3
70.7
70.1
59.5
58.7
59.4
59.2
_
152.1
151.4
154.1
150.3
25.8
25.5
25.7
25.6
_
125.0
122.4
123.3
121.5
_
57.9
57.2
56.9
56.6
93.0
92.6
89.3
89.2
-

571.1
61.3
41.2
105.0
52.0
35.2
112.8
95.4
95.7
26.3
23.8
45.6
31.4
75.5
14.9
58.2
34.2
55.2

564.3
60.7
40.9
103.5
51.5
34.1
111.6
94.5
95.0
26.3
23.4
45.3
30.9
74.0
14.7
56.9
33.6
55.0

571.7
59.0
39.9
106.2
52.0
35.6
115.3
96.3
95.8
25.2
25.1
45.5
31.4
78.9
14.6
61.9
32.6
52.5

572.8
58.9
39.7
106.5
52.3
35.5
115.4
96.6
96.7
25.5
25.2
46.0
31.4
79.1
14.7
62.0
32.4
52.4

572.5
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

162.0
121.0
29.2

159.6
119.0
28.9

158.5
116.4
30.4

158.1
116.1
30.3

155.9
-

107.2
78.4
22.5

105.8
77.2
22.4

104.6
74.8
23.7

103.8
74.4
23.3

102.5
_
-

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

876.4
82.9
9.8
59.4
23.5
101.3
623.0

876.7
83.1
9.8
59.6
23.6
102.2
622.0

884.9
83.4
11.3
60.2
23.1
100.0
630.0

889.7
83.7
10.8
60.2
23.1
101.2
633.8

889.6
_
-

675.9
61.8
8.2
43.8
17.9
75.9
486.2

676.6
62.0
8.3
44.1
18.1
76.9
485.3

682.3
61.6
9.3
44.7
17.7
75.3
491.4

687.8
61.5
8.8
45.0
17.8
76.6
495.9

688.7
_

_
_

-

_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
uUUc

Nondurable goods—Continued
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic ....
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

Transportation and public utilities .
Transportation .

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993"

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

121.2
15.2
65.0
29.0
23.8
10.3
12.7

121.2
15.3
65.1
29.4
23.6
10.4
12.7

112.5
14.8
59.4
28.3
21.0
9.9
10.9

116.4
15.2
61.8
29.0
21.4
10.1
11.7

116.0
_
_
-

97.7
12.6
53.9
22.9
20.5
7.4
9.3

98.4
12.6
54.4
23.4
20.4
7.5
9.5

90.2
12.1
49.0
22.3
17.9
7.5
7.6

93.5
12.5
51.3
22.9
18.4
7.3
8.4

93.3
_
_
_
_
_
-

5,700

5,757

5,709

5,694

5,758

4,759

4,819

4,779

4,768

4,828

3,465

3,534

3,496

3,482

3,559

-

-

-

-

-

Railroad transportation.
Class I railroads2

40
4011

257.2
223.7

257.4
223.9

255.4
222.2

249.4
217.0

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

Local and interurban passenger transit.
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity and rural bus transportation ..
School buses

41
411
412
413
415

299.9
158.2
29.3
22.7
62.9

373.3
159.5
29.3
23.5
133.0

311.8
161.1
28.0
21.9
74.2

305.7
160.4
27.8
22.0
69.4

_
_
_
-

271.8
143.9
_
20.2
-

342.8
145.0
_
20.9
-

282.3
146.5
_
19.4
-

275.9
145.8
_
19.5
-

_
_
_
_
-

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air.
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

1,625 ? 1,632.6 1,648.5 1,650.9 1,657.6 1,418.3 1,426.1 1,436.5 1,438.9
1,313.2 1,318.2 1,334.9 1,336.3
1,500.2 1,504.5 1,526.0 1,527.6
119.4
120.1
121.7
124.9
102.1
105.0
98.9
99.8
-

-

Water transportation
Water transportation of freight, nee
Water transportation services

44
444
449

177.7
14.5
109.0

173.6
14.0
107.4

174.9
12.9
110.2

172.4
12.6
107.6

_
_
-

Transportation by air
Air transportation, scheduled
Air transportation, scheduled
Airports, flying fields, and services .

45
451
4512
458

739.1
610.0
509.9
98.2

731.4
603.3
503.3
97.9

739.6
610.6
500.1
98.6

738.0
610.1
499.6
97.8

736.2
_
-

Pipelines, except natural gas .

46

19.2

18.9

18.0

17.9

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement.
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

47
472
4724
473

346.9
183.1
146.4
132.5

346.6
183.3
146.3
132.2

347.5
184.0
148.4
132.1

2,235

2,223

2,213

Communications and public utilities .
Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio .
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting stations
Television broadcasting stations
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
4813
483
4832
4833
484

Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Motor vehicle supplies and new parts .,
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
See footnotes at end of table.

86




50
501
5012
5013
502
5021
5023

_

_
_
96.6

_
_
95.1

_
_
97.6

95.4

_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
-

_
_
-

_
_
-

-

14.7

14.4

14.0

13.9

-

347.2
183.9
148.9
131.5

_
-

272.9
142.8
113.8
104.4

272.7
143.4
113.8
103.7

271.8
143.9
114.8
102.0

272.3
143.7
115.4
102.1

_
_
_
-

2,212

2,199

-

-

-

-

-

_
_
_
_
-

980.7
666.6
627.6
187.7
_
_
109.5

982.4
666.8
627.7
188.4
_
109.9

975.1
661.5
618.0
189.4
_
_
109.0

974.4
661.2
617.5
188.6
_
_
109.6

_
_
_
_
_
_
-

1,271.6 1,269.3 1,254.9 1,255.1
891.9 888.5 874.6 874.0
838.7 835.0 815.6 814.6
225.2 225.8 226.2 226.4
111.5
112.2
112.1
111.6
114.1
113.6
114.3
114.2
128.8
129.3
129.0
129.7
963.0
445.5
164.7
193.8
128.6

953.5
440.1
162.7
191.6
129.1

958.4
437.8
164.2
190.9
134.4

956.6
436.7
163.8
190.1
135.2

_
_
_
_
-

761.8
346.8
130.2
150.0
110.7

752.2
341.8
128.0
147.8
111.1

757.2
343.2
128.7
145.3
115.4

757.3
343.7
128.2
144.9
116.3

_
_
_
_
-

6,073

6,057

6,165

6,145

6,129

4,887

4,871

4,978

4,963

4,946

3,474
451.4
111.9
269.5
139.8
63.6
76.2

3,459
449.7
112.3
267.8
139.2
63.3
75.9

3,518
461.0
114.3
275.2
139.8
64.4
75.4

3,505
462.2
114.2
276.0
140.0
64.6
75.4

3,495
-

2,762
362.9
_
_
110.7
_
-

2,748
360.8

2,811
372.3
_
_
111.4
_
-

2,802
373.1
_
_
111.3
_
-

_
_

_
_
-

_
110.0
_
-

_
_
_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
POHP
UUUC

Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Lumber and other construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Professional and commercial equipment
Office equipment
Computers, peripherals and software
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, television and radio sets
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Construction and mining machinery
Farm and garden machinery
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Stationery and office supplies
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wine and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
Farm supplies

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

503
5031
5039
504
5044
5045
5047
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5082
5083
5084
5085
509
5093

221.9
113.3
39.6
749.2
186.3
277.0
149.0
130.7
463.6
195.0
51.8
216.8
268.3
92.1
110.2
753.3
72.5
113.7
306.9
141.4
295.5
107.9

221.5
113.1
39.8
746.1
185.4
274.8
149.2
130.6
464.7
196.1
51.7
216.9
267.2
91.9
109.5
745.8
71.9
111.7
305.1
140.0
294.2
108.2

234.4
119.7
40.4
739.3
184.8
259.1
157.8
133.3
486.1
207.9
52.6
225.6
271.8
92.6
111.1
751.3
73.3
115.5
307.6
139.6
300.9
107.3

234.8
120.3
40.7
725.0
182.5
247.8
157.7
133.4
487.2
208.9
52.2
226.1
272.3
92.8
111.2
749.8
72.5
114.8
306.9
139.7
300.1
107.8

51
511
5112
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
515
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191

2,599
237.5
128.4
197.5
210.7
868.0
272.2
59.8
106.7
116.0
139.7
175.8
73.7
102.1
150.4
98.3
52.1
502.9
157.3

2,598
237.4
127.5
197.4
212.0
867.8
271.8
59.9
106.8
119.2
139.1
175.4
73.1
102.3
149.6
97.3
52.3
500.2
156.2

2,647
246.4
133.9
205.0
210.2
883.9
277.4
61.8
103.3
114.8
139.4
179.1
74.6
104.5
152.0
99.8
52.2
515.9
167.2

2,640
246.8
134.6
203.7
210.9
883.9
277.6
61.5
102.9
116.1
138.5
179.6
74.7
104.9
151.9
99.7
52.2
508.7
163.9

Sept.
1993P

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
2,634
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

179.1
_
_
606.0
_
_
122.8
103.6
355.9
_
_
_
213.9
_
_
594.2
_
_
_
_
236.0
-

587.1
_
_
_
235.4
-

597.7
_
_
129.6
106.3
378.4
_
_
_
218.3
_
_
593.7
_
_
_
_
242.1
-

2,125
191.9
_
164.8
167.3
729.3
_
_
_
94.7
105.0
141.3
_
_
122.4
_
408.1
-

2,123
191.9
_
163.9
168.1
729.0
_
_
_
97.4
104.6
140.7
_
_
121.7
_
405.5
-

2,167
200.3
_
169.7
166.2
746.7
_
_
_
93.1
105.2
143.6
_
_
124.5
_
417.8
-

179.2
_
602.4
_
122.5
103.4
357.1
_
213.0

19,527 19,463 19,909 19,974 19,916 17,215 17,145

Retail trade

782.8
445.1
69.7
157.2
84.5

771.0
439.7
68.7
154.6
81.6

820.4
469.7
68.2
162.1
92.4

813.2
467.8
68.1
161.6
87.4

_
-

July
1993

190.8

Aug.
1993P

191.9
_
_
587.2
_
_
129.8
106.5
379.4
_
_
_
218.7
_
593.1
_
_
_
_
241.2
2,161
200.3
_
169.0
166.2
746.2

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

_

_

_
-

17,542 17,600 17,536

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

2,384.4 2,400.0 2,319.0 2,331.6 2,357.7 2,228.7 2,243.6 2,162.4 2,173.7
2,013.6 2,028.4 1,962.8 1,976.6
1,898.3 1,913.0 1,845.9 1,859.8
156.7
161.1
145.4
156.3
160.7
144.9
141.1
140.7
198.3
199.9
209.7 210.9
185.0
185.7
175.4
173.2

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat and fish markets
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
542
545
546

3,174.4 3,177.2 3,233.4 3,229.2 3,217.2 2,892.3 2,892.5 2,948.4 2,945.0
2,839.3 2,840.1 2,872.7 2,868.4
2,602.0 2,601.5 2,636.3 2,632.0
_
_
_
54.3
48.3
54.2
48.8
_
_
_
_
18.9
18.4
18.8
18.0
165.3
164.7
162.0
166.5
145.0
146.8
148.4
148.0

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers

55
551

2,004.4 1,993.6 2,063.8 2,070.2 2,065.2 1,670.8 1,658.0 1,717.8 1,722.8
734.4
916.5
883.8 884.8 912.5
735.2 760.1 763.6
-

-

_

_
94.5
104.2
144.1
_
_
124.6
_
_
411.4
-

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores

636.0
370.8
52.8
126.1
65.5

_
_
_
_
_

_

52
521
523
525
526

647.0
375.6
53.8
128.8
68.2

Sept.
1993"

681.8
397.1
53.5
133.1
75.9

674.7
395.1
53.3
132.8
71.1

_
_
_
_
_

-

-

See footnotes at end of table.




87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Automotive dealers and service stations—Continued
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

1987
SIC
Cnrie*

553
554
559

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1992

341.9
626.6
7.5

Sept.
1992

340.6
619.4
7.4

July
1993

359.4
623.3
6.7

Aug.
1993P

361.5
623.4
6.5

934.7
71.6
303.1
258.4
165.4

914.9
70.3
301.0
250.4
160.3

932.4
69.8
301.5
264.7
160.3

937.2
69.5
298.7
267.1
164.7

_
_
_
-

646.8
355.3
_
60.4
231.1
97.0
50.9

648.7
356.8
_
60.1
231.8
97.5
50.7

677.7
374.6
_
58.7
244.4
102.9
52.5

678.7
374.9
_
58.7
245.1
104.7
52.4

_
_
_
_
_

6,812.8 6,768.1 7,057.7 7,102.3 7,065.0 6,171.7 6,125.2 6,395.4 6,435.5

-

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods
Nonstore retailers
Catalog and mail-order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Florists, tobacco stores, and newsstands

2,440 0 2,444.3 2,445.7 2,450.0
59
602.7 600.7
602.9 601.4
591
115.8
114.9
115.8
116.8
592
80.3
82.8
83.6
80.5
593
827.9 835.6
840.6 838.3
594
156.9
160.5
162.3
157.0
5941
85.7
100.8
90.2
95.5
5942
71.7
69.6
70.9
71.3
5943
130.4
129.0
131.8
132.2
5944
185.7
188.5
187.4
192.4
5947
58.7
59.6
64.2
63.2
5949
271.1
273.1
288.0 295.9
596
148.8
147.1
171.5
163.6
5961
75.4
75.4
75.4
74.8
5962
97.1
95.6
94.8
96.2
598
447.8
449.3
416.0 414.5
599
146.3
134.6
5992,3,4
146.5
133.2

Security and commodity brokers
Security brokers and dealers
Commodity contracts brokers, dealers, and
exchanges
Security and commodity services
Holding and other investment offices
Holding offices
See footnotes at end of table.

88




62
621
622,3
628
67
671

-

1,128.6 1,109.0 1,133.6 1,140.6 1,121.8
87.3
86.8
86.6
88.1
_
370.6 367.9
368.6 366.8
_
307.7
299.7 290.9
310.0
208.0 202.6 203.6 209.8
-

58

61
614
615
616

Sept.
1993P

_
-

Eating and drinking places

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers

Aug.
1993P

286.4
537.6
5.4

57
571
5712
572
573
5731
5735

Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee
Savings institutions
Federal savings institutions
Savings institutions, except federal
Credit unions

July
1993

285.6
537.6
5.7

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores

60
602
6022
6021,9
603
6035
6036
606

Sept.
1992

269.9
534.9
6.2

56
561
562
565
566

Finance

Aug.
1992

271.8
543.0
6.3

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

Finance, insurance, and real estate3

Sept.
1993P

799.2
438.5
263.7
74.6
286.1
118.9
63.0

800.1
439.6
264.8
74.1
286.4
119.4
62.5

835.3
461.0
278.8
72.0
302.3
126.3
65.7

836.4
460.9
278.2
72.2
303.3
128.2
65.6

_
_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

2,022.5 2,025.6 2,026.3 2,031.9
501.3
499.5
504.2
500.8
_
_
_
_
67.1
67.2
69.0
69.7
695.4 693.0 684.4 692.4
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
246.3
253.2 230.8
230.4
_
_
_
_
_
_
79.7
78.9
79.3
78.9
340.2 339.0
364.2 366.6
-

-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
-

6,634

6,576

6,685

6,678

6,622

4,815

4,757

4,874

4,872

4,823

3,174

3,158

3,237

3,237

3,221

-

-

-

-

-

2,111.6 2,098.3 2,133.4 2,130.3 2,114.0 1,531.5 1,516.6 1,548.7 1,546.1
1,067.6 1,055.5 1,077.4 1,075.3
1,493.9 1,482.9 1,507.4 1,505.1
_
607.1 601.3
621.3
437.4
620.6
431.1
446.8
445.8
886.8 881.6 886.1 884.5
630.2 624.4 630.6 629.5
_
_
_
_
358.9
356.8 354.8
357.8
_
_
194.7
192.8
191.0
190.8
_
_
_
_
162.0
162.1
167.9
167.0
139.4
139.5
145.9
146.1
110.5
116.3
116.1
110.3
394.3
125.1
80.3
172.3
446.9
340.5
23.4
83.0
220.8
100.5

394.4
125.0
80.0
172.6
444.4
339.2
23.1
82.1
220.9
100.5

410.2
122.7
79.8
190.9
467.6
360.5
22.6
84.5
226.1
99.8

_
_
_
_
-

294.7
92.5

294.9
92.5

-

-

310.0
91.3
_
-

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

22.5
84.9

_

_
53.9

_
53.1

_
55.0

_

_

55.3

-

226.5
99.5

_

-

-

411.8
122.4
79.9
192.6
468.5
361.1

_
-

-

-

311.1
90.7
_
-

-

-

_

_
-

_

-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Insurance

1987
SIC
Code

63,64
63
631
632
6324

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1992

2,131

Sept.
1992

2,119

July
1993

2,122

Aug.
1993P

2,118

633
636

Insurance agents, brokers, and service

64

650.7

647.2

649.2

649.0

65
651
653
655

1,329
578.5
598.7
120.1

1,299
566.9
584.3
116.7

1,326
576.6
596.6
119.0

1,323
576.5
595.6
117.1

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

2,106

1,480.4 1,471.3 1,472.8 1,468.6
520.8
536.7 532.1
522.3
268.5 268.3
274.0 273.8
207.4 207.8 213.2 213.2
553.2 549.2 547.7 544.9
70.8
64.3
64.3
70.4

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
Title insurance

Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

Sept.
1993P

1,006.9
328.9
218.3
172.6
360.4

999.7 1,018.1 1,018.7
325.3 329.0 330.4
218.2 223.5 223.1
178.3
177.9
173.0
358.5
356.8 359.3

1,295

29,345 29,361 30,547 30,548 30,523 25,613 25,628 26,702 26,688 26,650

Services

535.4
141.8
350.3

516.2
138.1
335.7

570.9
145.3
382.4

563.2
145.6
374.5

551.3

451.3
119.1
296.4

433.7
115.4
283.5

480.4
121.2
324.0

473.9
121.7
316.8

Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services

07
074
078

Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels and motels

70
701

1,689.7 1,630.5 1,696.1 1,697.3 1,639.5
1,607.1 1,578.6 1,611.5 1,612.7
1,426.5 1,398.0 1,426.8 1,428.5

Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
Miscellaneous personal services

72
721
722
723
726

1,073.3 1,084.9 1,086.8 1,084.4 1,097.9
411.5 413.4 423.5 423.8
75.2
72.5
73.8
70.5
381.6 378.9
375.2 379.1
87.6
84.7
85.1
88.2
101.5
111.4
112.6
102.1

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Heavy construction equipment rental
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Prepackaged software
Computer integrated systems design
Data processing and preparation
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
Photofinishing laboratories

73
731
7311
732
733
7334
734
735
7353
736

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops

75
751

880.0

7514
752
753
7532,4

99.5
57.6
497.9
171.3
206.7

729

7361
7363
737
7371
7372
7373
7374
7375
7378
738
7381
7382
7384

7538

5,412.9 5,451.3 5,795.4
227.7
228.2 226.1
155.7 153.9 152.6
115.1
116.4
115.2
233.4 236.3 241.7
52.7
52.9
52.3
816.0 812.6 831.8
210.1 209.6 219.1
39.8
39.6
42.5
1,724.9 1,759.4 2,002.7
228.7 227.7 265.8
1,496.2 1,531.7 1,736.9
830.8 833.1
886.3
166.8
183.8
168.7
131.6
144.9
130.3
103.5 103.2 111.0
203.4 204.8 213.0
45.7
50.2
45.8
42.6
40.8
42.7
1,254.4 1,259.0 1,269.7
467.3 473.2 477.2
38.5
39.0
38.8
73.6
73.1
75.2

162.9

882.2
161.8

98.5
57.9
497.8
172.2
206.3

938.2
170.5
105.9
57.7
531.1
184.2
220.7

362.6

364.8

373.8

374.2

335.9

339.21

340.3

338.0

93.7

92.9

84.7

84.4

5,864.7 5,894.5 4,782.5 4,820.8 5,148.9 5,219.9
227.1
161.9
166.9 166.3
160.6
153.0
116.0
244.3
53.3
832.3
217.8
42.0

43.4
729.8
168.7
33.2

42.9
727.9
167.9

43.3
745.6
175.9

43.7
748.4
175.0

33.1

36.0

35.6

2,069.5 2,087.1
273.3
1,796.2
887.8
184.1

1,451.4 1,485.9 1,683.7 1,742.4
668.3 669.8 718.7 720.5
137.7
135.7
152.2
153.5

145.8
111.3
212.9

80.4

80.4

49.9
40.3

36.1
36.6

35.9
36.5

720.7
129.0

79.5

721.8
128.1
78.7

51.3
402.4

51.5
401.3

140.0
167.7

140.3
167.1

82.8

39.6
39.6
34.2
33.5
1,105.7 1,110.3 1,115.5 1,115.2
437.1 442.3 445.0 447.3
32.8
33.0
33.3
32.8

1,269.9

479.3
38.3
73.0
942.7
171.7
107.2
57.9
534.7
185.1
222.7

83.4

948.2

773.5
137.7
85.6
51.1

431.7
151.4
180.4

776.4
139.3
87.0
51.2
433.7
152.1
181.3

See footnotes at end of table.




89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking—Continued
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes

1987
SIC
Code

54
542

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

161.6
92.5

164.7
95.2

178.9
101.5

178.4
100.2

Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

138.0
81.1

140.9
83.3

153.0
89.1

152.2
87.3

Miscellaneous repair services.
Electrical repair shops

6
762

349.7
109.9

347.8
109.2

359.7
114.3

360.2
114.4

359.5

284.7

283.9

293.4

293.4

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services.
Motion picture theaters

'8
'81
783

409.6
153.6
116.4

393.7
154.2
103.6

423.4
163.6
117.7

431.0
171.2
116.1

419.0

338.1
121.6

322.1
121.8

352.7
131.9

359.5
139.2

Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services ..
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

9
793
799
991
'997

1,351.8 1,253.3 1,380.8 1,378.5 1,241.3 1,198.9 1,103.0 1,221.6 1,211.5
76.1
73.0
89.8
76.3
67.4
80.3
63.9
66.7
972.7 873.2 1,004.0 1,001.5
872.9
773.4 899.3
888.7
116.9
118.0
119.6
118.3
105.3
105.1
106.5
104.2
349.8 310.2 365.9 362.6
310.3 272.3 326.0 322.2

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners
Offices and clinics of chiropractors and optometrists ...
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Home health care services

80
801
802
804
8041,2
805
8051
8052
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808

8,582.9
1,486.1
546.9
330.4
149.7
1,553.2
1,106.0
222.0
225.2
3,780.2
3,477.3
101.8
201.1
182.4
406.5

8,586.6
1,488.8
544.0
330.7
148.6
1,555.2
1,108.4
220.9
225.9
3,775.1
3,472.9
101.4
200.8
182.2
413.5

8,920.3
1,555.8
565.0
356.5
157.7
1,620.8
1,154.9
231.8
234.1
3,837.2
3,529.4
100.1
207.7
195.2
478.6

923.2

910.0

947.0

8,925.3 8,934.5 7,630.0 7,628.8 7,917.1
1,220.7 1,220.2 1,271.9
1,559.4
478.7
566.8
495.0
476.6
357.4
294.1
270.6
269.8
157.6
1,403.7 1,406.1 1,463.2
1,625.8
1,158.7
200.1
232.2
199.2 208.6
234.9
3,826.8 3,816.2 3,471.1 3,464.6 3,518.2
3,521.5
98.6
206.7
195.0
481.7
376.8
383.6 443.8
938.3

746.3

733.0

7,916.7
1,273.3
495.7
294.4
1,467.9
208.7
3,506.4

446.5

Legal services .

81

Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools .
Colleges and universities
Vocational schools

82
821
822
824

1,455.8 1,671.6 1,515.2 1,493.8 1,702.4
421.5 465.9 445.4 438.9
841.2
820.8 999.4 854.7
76.4
73.2
73.5
75.9

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services .
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee

83
832
833
835
836
839

1,954.3 1,968.2 2,081.0 2,071.7 2,078.9 1,684.7 1,701.6 1,805.9 1,795.6
561.6
459.8 455.4
566.4
530.0 524.5
492.2 487.1
242.8
293.2 271.7 324.7 318.2
276.4 270.2
227.8
425.6
361.3
428.3
410.3 459.3
376.5
405.3
373.5
474.3
579.2 582.4
541.7 538.5
506.7
470.8
509.8
174.2
183.9
146.5
182.4
179.1
142.3
154.1
155.0

Museums and botanical and zoological gardens .

84

Membership organizations
Business associations
Professional organizations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations .

86
861
862
863
864

1,980.8 1,935.4 2,024.5 1,995.6 1,950.1
103.8
105.8
105.3
109.6
52.3
52.9
52.3
52.5
136.4
131.4
135.7
129.7
448.0 404.8 497.6
466.2

Engineering and management services ...
Engineering and architectural services ..
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .

87
871
8711
8712
8713
872

2,482.7 2,468.4 2,540.2 2,534.i 2,518.0 1,893.2 1,875.9 1,944.6 1,936.1
751.5
779.5
781.0
757.:
620.1
614.8
642.7
641.1
594.7 592.2 613.7 612.6
491.3 488.8
509.5
508.4
112.
115.7
115.8
114.3
88.7
87.1
90.1
90.3
47.1
51.:
51.5
48.:
40.1
38.9
42.9
42.6
489.4 486.8
496.4 498.7
358.8 356.7
351.8
348.4

See footnotes at end of table.

90




78.6

75.5

83.0

82.3

925.9

765.2

756.4

77.7

37.3

37.2

37.5

37.2

Sept.
1993P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Engineering and management services—Continued
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Public relations services
Services, nee

1987
SIC
Code

873
8731
8732
8733
874
8743
89

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Federal Government4

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

562.0
236.2
102.1
143.0
667.0
31.1

554.3
234.0
102.0
138.8
663.9
31.2

573.3
235.0
105.9
148.3
696.5
31.7

570.9
234.3
105.0
147.4
697.0
31.7

420.0
161.3
82.1
110.6
494.3
22.2

413.9
159.8
81.7
107.5
490.5
22.3

433.6
166.8
84.3
115.2
516.5

432.1
166.3
83.3
114.7
514.5

22.9

22.6

42.2

42.8

41.9

41.9

33.0

33.4

33.2

33.0

2,980

Executive, by agency4
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial

2,967

2,928

2,923

Sept.
1993P

2,910

2,912.7 2,900.4 2,860.4
920.8
785.3

910.7 870.4
788.3 783.2
1,206.6 1,201.4 1,206.8
39.1
38.4
39.8
27.7
27.7
27.8

3731

102.1
58.6

101.8
58.3

90.8
51.1

90.1
50.9

806

34.2
405.1
237.4

34.1
404.3
237.3

33.6
405.5
241.9

33.2
407.7
241.2

State government
806
Hospitals
82
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions

4,367 4,240 4,237
4,171
420.5 419.2 419.6 416.4
1,521.7 1,739.2 1,540.3 1,541.2

Local government
Transportation and public utilities
806
Hospitals
82
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions

10,414 11,122 10,688 10,518
453.0 447.2 450.3 448.8
674.6 675.8 699.1
700.3
5,074.7 6,047.9 5,275.4 5,187.8

4,425

1,734.3 1,726.4 1,790.0 1,786.0
11,292

3,752.1 3,558.0 3,791.8 3,758.0|

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to
civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and




Sept.
1993P

17,565 18,456 17,856 17,678 18,627

Government

Federal Government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Ship building and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

Production workers1

All employees

the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are subject to
revision.

91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
June
1992

July
1992

May
1993

June
1993

July
1993

52,612

51,715

53,480

53,538

52,643

Total private

42,570

42,449

43,022

43,311

43,236

Goods-producing

6,588

6,548

6,436

6,469

6,421

94

93

87

87

88

516

519

508

516

522

5,978

5,936

5,841

5,866

5,811

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,744
111
146
105
94
295
424
648
372
383
167

2,714
111
143
104
93
290
420
642
367
381
165

2,671
111
146
101
91
288
419
638
351
363
165

2,675
112
147
102
91
289
418
639
349
361
166

2,641
112
143
101
91
285
412
633
345
358
162

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,234
534
14
326
793
170
664
338
27
302
67

3,222
562
14
321
771
169
661
337
27
295
65

3,170
513
14
319
767
165
668
335
25
300
64

3,191
526
14
320
765
168
667
339
25
302
64

3,170
546
14
316
738
168
665
339
25
298
62

46,024

45,167

47,044

47,069

46,222

Transportation and public utilities

1,684

1,658

1,682

1,688

1,660

Wholesale trade

1,864

1,854

1,870

1,874

1,873

10,374

10,321

10,384

10,504

10,472

4,206

4,201

4,174

4,207

4,223

Services

17,854

17,867

18,476

18,569

18,587

Government
Federal
State
Local

10,042
1,239
2,136
6,667

9,266
1,236
2,084
5,946

10,458
1,212
2,262
6,984

10,227
1,219
2,159
6,849

9,407
1,217
2,111
6,079

Industry

Total

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are

92




introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1993

1992
Industry
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.p

Sept."

108,674 108,789 108,921 109,079 109,235 109,539 109,565 109,820 110,058 110,101 110,338 110,297 110,453

Total
Total private

89,945 90,079 90,159 90,313 90,480 90,762 90,777 91,020 91,239 91,278 91,497 91,462 91,547

Goods-producing

23,012 22,995 22,995 22,985 23,001 23,069 23,016 22,980 23,006 22,941 22,948 22,895 22,887

1

Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction1
General building contractors
Manufacturing

616
338

618
342

616
341

613
341

611
342

600
336

600
334

600
335

602
338

596
340

595
346

592
350

597
351

4,447
1,056

4,466
1,056

4,462
1,054

4,459
1,047

4,454
1,049

4,515
1,058

4,481
1,049

4,517
1,062

4,577
1,067

4,574
1,063

4,593
1,060

4,591
1,051

4,596
1,053

17,949 17,911 17,917 17,913 17,936 17,954 17,935 17,863 17,827 17,771 17,760 17,712 17,694

10,164 10,135 10,142 10,136 10,152 10,163 10,144 10,090 10,047 10,011
Durable goods
677
681
690
690
683
671
683
683
678
677
Lumber and wood products
475
476
480
480
480
475
477
477
482
481
Furniture and fixtures
511
511
515
513
511
512
511
510
512
511
Stone, clay, and glass products
687
686
683
682
678
689
683
684
678
673
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel
247
245
243
242
242
241
240
248
239
237
products
1,316 1,312 1,312 1,310 1,318 1,320 1,320 1,316 1,310 1,306
Fabricated metal products
1,919 1,912 1,911 1,909 1,908 1,907 1,904 1,904 1,902 1,900
Industrial machinery and equipment...
Electronic and other electrical
1,515 1,512 1,513 1,514 1,517 1,520 1,525 1,519 1,513 1,508
equipment
1,789 1,776 1,782 1,784 1,792 1,786 1,771 1,743 1,723 1,712
Transportation equipment
810
833
827
800
801
813
818
841
803
804
Motor vehicles and equipment
558
570
563
597
591
585
579
572
550
541
Aircraft and parts
892
900
896
916
886
912
908
903
902
880
Instruments and related products
364
362
363
362
363
361
362
362
361
363
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products

Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products....
Leather and leather products
Service-producing

7,785
1,646
49
671
997
690
1,504
1,081
157
871
119

7,776
1,649
49
667
994
687

1,501
1,082
157
871
119

7,775
1,650
47
668
993
687
1,501
1,081
157
873
118

7,777
1,650
48
670

992
686
1,501
1,080

156
876
118

7,784
1,656
48
669
993
685
1,499
1,080
157
880
117

7,791
1,659
48
670
993
684
1,502
1,078
157
883
117

7,791
1,658
48
669
992
684
1,503
1,078
156
886
117

7,773
1,651
48
670
987
682
1,503
1,074
156
886
116

1,650

7,760
1,646

48
670

667

988
682
1,506

681
1,503

7,780

1,077

156
887

116

48
983

1,075
155
887
115

9,996
678
482
511
672

9,970
680
479
511
671

9,967
683
478
511
670

237
1,304
1,898

236
1,303
1,890

235
1,303
1,895

1,506
1,706
807
534
876
363

1,502
1,700
812
528
874
360

1,502
1,696
812
527
869
360

7,764
1,645
47
668
979
680
1,506
1,076
155
891
117

7,742
1,651
45
663
973
678
1,507
1,071

7,727
1,643
46
662

154
886
114

969
679
1,504
1,073
154
883
114

85,662 85,794 85,926 86,094 86,234 86,470 86,549 86,840 87,052 87,160 87,390 87,402 87,566

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Trucking and warehousing
Transportation by air
Communications and public utilities

5,704
3,486
1,608
727
2,218

5,699
3,484
1,600
728
2,215

5,699
3,485
1,606
728
2,214

5,707
3,495
1,611
730
2,212

5,719
3,508
1,624
733
2,211

5,725
3,515
1,626
736
2,210

5,724
3,513
1,627
735
2,211

5,720
3,513
1,629
737
2,207

5,719
3,515
1,630
736
2,204

5,711
3,510
1,624
735
2,201

5,709
3,514
1,632
732
2,195

5,693
3,499
1,631
729
2,194

5,705
3,510
1,633
732
2,195

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

6,037
3,458
2,579

6,052
3,463
2,589

6,061
3,466
2,595

6,062
3,464
2,598

6,086
3,476
2,610

6,097
3,480
2,617

6,103
3,482
2,621

6,110
3,488
2,622

6,125
3,489
2,636

6,110
3,488
2,622

6,126
3,497
2,629

6,107
3,488
2,619

6,111
3,495
2,616

Retail trade1
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service
stations
Apparel and accessory stores
Eating and drinking places

19,380 19,402 19,405 19,460 19,523 19,629 19,604 19,648 19,702 19,751 19,790 19,796 19,837
2,423 2,417 2,402 2,402 2,382 2,402 2,394 2,378 2,368 2,356 2,366 2,365 2,379
3,181 3,177 3,176 3,175 3,186 3,195 3,198 3,199 3,205 3,220 3,217 3,226 3,220
1,976
1,127
6,632

1,981
1,129
6,646

1,987
1,131
6,670

1,996
1,134
6,703

2,003
1,135
6,737

2,013
1,146
6,765

2,018
1,143
6,743

2,021
1,138
6,803

2,026
1,144
6,843

2,029
1,145
6,865

2,033
1,144
6,892

2,040
1,143
6,902

2,047
1,140
6,926

See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)

1993

1992
Industry
Sept.

Finance, insurance, and real estate ....
Finance
Depository institutions
Insurance
Real estate

Services1
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places

Personal services
Business services
Personnel supply services
Auto repair, services, and parking

Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services ....
Health services
Hospitals
Legal services
Educational services

Social services

6,565
3,161
2,100
2,126
1,278

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

6,570
3,165
2,100
2,124
1,281

6,569
3,168
2,101
2,121
1,280

6,575
3,177
2,104
2,116
1,282

6,578
3,184
2,110
2,111
1,283

6,577
3,184
2,109
2,108
1,285

6,574
3,185
2,111
2,109
1,280

6,585
3,195
2,113
2,108
1,282

6,588
3,197
2,110
2,110
1,281

June

6,590
3,201
2,107
2,112
1,277

July

6,604
3,214
2,119
2,114
1,276

Aug.p

6,601
3,214
2,115
2,114
1,273

Sept.1

6,611
3,224
2,116
2,112
1,275

29,247 29,361 29,430 29,524 29,573 29,665 29,756 29,977 30,099 30,175 30,320 30,370 30,396
494
493
494
501
490
509
505
492
490
510
512
515
523
1,580 1,569 1,564 1,566 1,565 1,566 1,563 1,564 1,572 1,580 1,584 1,579 1,589
1,108 1,107 1,106 1,105 1,098 1,087 1,086 1,091 1,121 1,123 1,126 1,121 1,120
5,365 5,434 5,469 5,506 5,521 5,555 5,598 5,665 5,696 5,721 5,772 5,795 5,802
1,689 1,732 1,760 1,791 1,802 1,835 1,874 1,921 1,941 1,954 1,997 2,007 2,003
894
888
886
915
906
900
881
921
878
927
931
938
944
350
347
352
351
348
346
354
353
345
356
355
356
356
416
423
415
411
415
417
422
421
414
403
415
420
429
1,191 1,178 1,160 1,154 1,148 1,146 1,148 1,206 1,200 1,198 1,209 1,212 1,179
8,591 8,630 8,668 8,698 8,720 8,754 8,784 8,819 8,847 8,861 8,885 8,899 8,935
3,778 3,785 3,794 3,800 3,804 3,810 3,811 3,813 3,825 3,819 3,822 3,819 3,820
928
926
924
921
917
931
919
930
917
929
929
930
932
1,705 1,708 1,710 1,717 1,721 1,730 1,736 1,742 1,745 1,735 1,752 1,745 1,735
1,983 1,989 1,996 2,006 2,013 2,022 2,032 2,045 2,050 2,068 2,098 2,108 2,094

Museums and botanical and zoological

gardens
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services
Government
Federal

State
Local
1

74
1,951
2,482

74
1,953
2,488

74
1,951
2,490

74
1,950
2,494

94




74
1,952
2,494

73
1,951
2,503

75
1,956
2,509

76
1,955
2,522

76
1,965
2,527

76
1,964
2,528

77
1,964
2,527

76
1,966
2,533

18,729 18,710 18,762 18,766 18,755 18,777 18,788 18,800 18,819 18,823 18,841 18,835 18,906
2,966 2,945 2,943 2,968 2,945 2,944 2,938 2,923 2,912 2,901 2,896 2,906 2,910
4,436 4,426 4,424 4,431 4,435 4,439 4,443 4,458 4,462 4,451 4,477 4,484 4,497
11,327 11,339 11,395 11,367 11,375 11,394 11,407 11,419 11,445 11,471 11,468 11,445 11,499

Includes other industries, not shown separately.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from

p

74
1,952
2,492

March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1993

1992
Industry
July

Total
Total private

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

52,534 52,533 52,547 52,589 52,667 52,732 52,816 52,937 52,943 53,103 53,254 53,307 53,468
42,435 42,420 42,453 42,510 42,538 42,610 42,690 42,791 42,784 42,937 43,075 43,103 43,210
6,563

6,516

6,496

6,483

6,483

6,483

6,492

6,498

6,489

6,472

6,461

6,433

6,432

91

91

91

91

91

90

90

88

87

87

87

86

87

508

508

508

505

506

504

506

510

507

507

506

508

511

5,964

5,917

5,897

5,887

5,886

5,889

5,896

5,900

5,895

5,878

5,868

5,839

5,834

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,726
109
146
104
93
292
420
645
368
381
168

2,709
109
145
103
92
291
417
642
366
379
165

2,703
109
144
103
92
290
418
642
362
378
165

2,693
110
144
102
91
289
417
640
361
375
164

2,693
111
144
102
91
289
418
640
359
374
165

2,694
111
144
102
91
290
418
640
361
372
165

2,700
112
145
102
92
291
419
640
363
371
165

2,700
112
146
103
92
292
419
642
359
370
165

2,695
113
146
102
91
291
420
642
356
368
166

2,683
112
145
102
91
290
418
640
353
366
166

2,671
110
145
101
91
288
418
639
351
363
165

2,660
110
146
101
91
287
415
637
347
361
165

2,650
111
146
101
90
287
412
635
345
358
165

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,238
546

3,208
537
17
322
780
167
661
335
26
297
66

3,194
527
16
321
111
167
663
335
26
296
66

3,194
532
16
319
774
167
662
336
26
296
66

3,193
533
15
320
772
167
663
336
25
296
66

3,195
533
16
320
771
168
664
336
25
297
65

3,196
535
16
320
770
168
664
336
25
298
64

3,200
536
16
320
769
168
666
336
25
299
65

3,200
536
15
319
770
167
666
337
25
300
65

3,195
535
16
320
766
166
666
336
25
300
65

3,197
535
16
320
766
166
667
337
25
301
64

3,179
531
16
318
759
165
666
336
25
299
64

3,184
530
15
318
762
166
666
337
24
301
65

Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

16
323
796
167
663
335
26
299
67

45,971 46,017 46,051 46,106 46,184 46,249 46,324 46,439 46,454 46,631 46,793 46,874 47,036

Transportation and public utilities

1,678

1,676

1,675

1,675

1,674

1,674

1,677

1,679

1,680

1,678

1,679

1,681

1,680

Wholesale trade

1,852

1,851

1,851

1,851

1,856

1,855

1,868

1,869

1,869

1,874

1,876

1,867

1,871

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

10,300 10,297 10,289 10,293 10,279 10,294 10,331 10,381 10,348 10,370 10,405 10,431 10,451
4,168

4,163

4,171

4,171

4,167

4,167

4,169

4,166

4,162

4,170

4,178

4,178

4,189

Services

17,874 17,917 17,971 18,037 18,079 18,137 18,153 18,198 18,236 18,373 18,476 18,513 18,587

Government
Federal
State
Local

10,099 10,113 10,094 10,079 10,129 10,122 10,126 10,146 10,159 10,166 10,179 10,204 10,258
1,218 1,220 1,222 1,216 1,219 1,228 1,221 1,222 1,220 1,216 1,212 1,207 1,200
2,214 2,205 2,217 2,209 2,207 2,213 2,216 2,218 2,220 2,223 2,226 2,223 2,243
6,667 6,688 6,655 6,654 6,703 6,681 6,689 6,706 6,719 6,727 6,741 6,774 6,815

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,




all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are subject to revision.

95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally
adjusted
(In thousands)

1993

1992
Industry
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.p

Sept.'

Total private

72,985 73,131 73,215 73,380 73,543 73,831 73,827 74,014 74,291 74,296 74,503 74,482 74,543

Goods-producing

16,017 16,015 16,025 16,031 16,041 16,121 16,088 16,068 16,115 16,064 16,074 16,030 16,031

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

437

438

436

434

432

424

424

423

426

421

420

418

422

3,399

3,419

3,414

3,414

3,399

3,463

3,433

3,467

3,534

3,528

3,548

3,542

3,546

12,181 12,158 12,175 12,183 12,210 12,234 12,231 12,178 12,155 12,115 12,106 12,070 12,063

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

6,753
551
374
395
522
187
966
1,149
963

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

1,124
612
449
260

6,738
555
375
394
520
187
962
1,146
963
1,117
613
447
259

6,754
560
375
394
520
185
964
1,148
965
1,124
624
445
259

6,757
562
376
395
519
184
962
1,148
967
1,126
628
443
259

6,775
562
377
394
520
184
969
1,149
964
1,140
651
442
258

6,790
569
379
398
520
184
972
1,149
970
1,132
643
441
260

6,783
569
379
397
520
184
973
1,147
973
1,125
639
439
261

6,745
561
379
393
516
183
969
1,148
970
1,109
625
438
262

6,718
557
381
394
516
183
966
1,148
967
1,096
619
432
261

6,696
556
380
393
513
181
964
1,150
963
1,087
617
430
260

6,684
557
380
394
511
180
961
1,150
962
1,082
618
427
260

6,667
559
378
393
510
179
962
1,145
955
1,082
620
426
257

6,672
562
377
393
510
178
962
1,151
959
1,076
617
424
258

5,428
1,198
37
574
835
520
830
563
104
671

5,420
1,201
37
569
833
517
829
563
103
672

5,421
1,203
35
571
832
517
829
562
103
674

5,426
1,205
36
572
832
516
830
562
102
676

5,435
1,210
36
571
833
516
829
563
103
680

5,444
1,212
36
571
832
517
831
563
104
684

5,448
1,212
36
569
834
517
832
565
103
686

5,433
1,206
36
571
828
514
832
565
103
685

5,437
1,203
36
571
829
515
833
568
103
686

5,419
1,199
36
568
823
515
832
566
102
685

5,422
1,199
35
568
819
514
833
570
102
688

5,403
1,205
33
563
814
512
832
567
101
684

5,391

96

96

95

95

94

94

94

93

93

93

94

92

91




811
512
829
571
100
683

56,968 57,116 57,190 57,349 57,502 57,710 57,739 57,946 58,176 58,232 58,429 58,452 58,512
4,768

4,766

4,767

4,779

4,793

4,801

4,794

4,792

4,790

4,783

4,784

4,768

4,775

4,854

4,870

4,880

4,880

4,904

4,915

4,923

4,924

4,935

4,922

4,938

4,929

4,926

17,065 17,090 17,100 17,146 17,211 17,314 17,274 17,302 17,371 17,396 17,420 17,426 17,449
4,751

4,755

4,755

4,769

4,762

4,769

4,769

4,767

4,775

4,781

4,797

4,800

4,818

25,530 25,635 25,688 25,782 25,825 25,911 25,979 26,161 26,305 26,350 26,490 26,529 26,544

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.

96

1,196
34
564

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
DIFFUSION INDEXES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Sept.

Aug.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1

Over 1-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

59.0
39.2
41.9
58.1

57.4
39.9
45.6
59.7

52.1
40.2
51.1
51.0

49.2
36.7
55.9
53.8

49.9
50.0
52.5
56.9

51.3
43.7
45.2
46.5

45.9
47.6
52.2
57.9

44.1
52.9
45.5
p
43.4

42.7
48.0
52.7
p
54.5

40.9
46.9
52.4

41.7
46.1
52.0

40 3
45.2
54.8

Over 3-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

59.0
33.8
40.7
61.8

59.8
32.4
44.5
60.8

53.9
32.0
51.8
58.7

48.9
39.0
56.0
56.2

48.0
38.9
52.9
52.4

47.2
43.8
50.4
55.1

46.2
48.0
44.8
P46.9

40.6
49.4
47.8
P 51.1

36.9
50.3
47.3

35.5
44.5
52.0

35.5
42.6
54.2

35 3
40 3
57 2

Over 6-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

58.7
30.2
45.4
59.7

55.2
33.0
47.1
58.3

55.3
31.9
47.5
58.3

51.3
33.7
51.7
57.7

46.9
39.3
51.3
P49.7

43.4
43.7
48.9
P51.7

40.4
46.2
47.3

38.6
45.2
45.6

36.0
46.9
48.9

33.3
43.8
51.8

32.0
41.6
57.7

31.0
41 2
56 6

Over 12-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

55.5
31.0
47.8
52.5

52.7
31.0
43.0
P52.8

51.7
31.7
42.3
P53.4

48.5
31.9
42.7

45.4
31.7
45.8

42.6
33.8
47.2

39.3
35.8
49.3

36.1
37.5
54.2

35.8
40.0
53.1

33.0
44.9
51.3

33.0
45.5
52 1

30 6
46.3
51 5

39.6
51.8
37.1
34.5

35.6
41.7
46.8
P49.6

38.1
47.1
39.6

29.1
41.4
50.4

34 5
40.3
47.1

Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

48.9
33.8
37.4
53.2

48.6
34.2
41.4
54.7

44.6
33.5
47.8
47.5

47.5
36.3
49.6
36.3

40.3
46.4
45.7
50.7

44.6
42.1
41.0
38.5

40.3
45.3
50.4
50.7

Over 3-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

45.7
23.7
33.5
55.0

47.1
22.3
38.5
57.6

46.4
19.8
43.5
45.7

39.6
33.5
45.0
42.1

40.3
35.6
41.7
34.2

38.1
38.8
44.6
44.2

36.0
45.7
35.6
P
31.3

29.1
46.0
37.1
p
38.8

29.1
48.6
29.9

22.7
38.8
39 9

23.0
37.4
42 8

22.3
33.1
51 4

Over 6-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

46.0
14.7
34.9
50.7

41.4
20.9
34.5
46.0

42.4
21.6
36.0
45.0

41.7
25.5
42.8
43.9

35.6
34.5
39.6
P32.7

32.4
38.8
36.0
P30.9

28.1
42.4
30.2

25.2
40.3
31.7

21.9
41.0
34.2

21.2
38.1
37.4

183
34 5
48.6

176
34 2
49 6

Over 12-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

37.8
16.5
41.0
36.3

35.3
16.2
33.5
P37.4

33.5
17.3
31.3
P37.1

33.1
18.0
27.7

28.1
20.9
31.3

26.3
24.1
34.5

23.7
26.3
35.6

20.5
30.6
41.4

19.4
32.7
41.7

16.5
37 8
37.1

16.2
36 7
38.1

15.8
36 7
36 3

1
Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and
unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus
one half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent




p

indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data (beginning April 1992) and all seasonally
adjusted data (beginning January 1989) are subject to revision.

97

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1992
Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

1993
Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.
Total

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.P

1

1,679.6
246.3
1,528.4
963.9
12,120.4
1,601.1
1,516.7
344.7
677.3
5,349.7
2,987.9

1,675.8
247.1
1,540.6
966.8
12,094.7
1,601.8
1,511.6
345.0
676.4
5,353.0
2,990.4

1,683.6
247.0
1,532.6
969.9
12,071.7
1,610.9
1,512.9
344.4
678.9
5,371.5
3,014.5

1,688.1
247.6
1,534.4
973.0
12,064.0
1,610.1
1,512.1
348.8
678.0
5,374.9
3,017.9

1,691.0
247.6
1,532.7
976.1
12,039.3
1,610.1
1,507.2
347.7
677.7
5,382.9
3,018.2

1,698.1
251.8
1,537.1
981.9
12,030.4
1,615.1
1,508.9
349.7
677.9
5,400.7
3,046.2

1,703.7
251.0
1,543.2
981.2
12,030.8
1,619.9
1,511.1
349.1
679.9
5,422.4
3,053.6

1,698.9
251.2
1,543.2
980.4
12,018.1
1,622.7
1,503.0
346.0
678.0
5,426.4
3,043.0

1,694.8
249.5
1,541.3
981.2
12,004.8
1,631.9
1,502.6
347.3
681.4
5,450.9
3,054.3

1,690.1
248.9
1,538.9
979.4
11,985.6
1,631.5
1,498.0
346.1
678.5
5,446.7
3,053.6

1,687.4
249.4
1,551.8
979.2
11,959.4
1,630.5
1,488.2
346.6
674.7
5,451.8
3,056.2

1,684.8
249.3
1,561.3
978.6
11,976.3
1,639.3
1,491.9
346.7
683.9
5,479.6
3,071.2

1,683.1
250 4
1 556 8
980.2
11,960.2
1,642.0
1 486 4
346.1
675.8
5,481.4
3,073.0

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentuckv
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

539.1
418.4
5,178.3
2,538.2
1,251.4
1,119.9
1,511.3
1,629.2
515.2
2,075.7

538.3
418.5
5,197.2
2,538.2
1,252.4
1,113.1
1,514.7
1,627.9
515.1
2,071.0

537.2
420.4
5,219.2
2,546.9
1,253.0
1,118.0
1,521.0
1,617.7
514.9
2,076.6

536.8
422.7
5,222.0
2,553.4
1,256.1
1,121.6
1,522.5
1,620.5
515.6
2,072.3

537.0
423.6
5,221.3
2,556.3
1,252.6
1,122.0
1,522.9
1,620.8
513.9
2,071.1

535.0
424.9
5,236.6
2,570.3
1,260.4
1,128.9
1,533.6
1,636.3
519.1
2,087.0

536.1
423.6
5,246.3
2,570.4
1,261.0
1,134.1
1,538.4
1,637.6
519.6
2,083.5

535.8
425.6
5,230.8
2,562.0
1,260.7
1,132.5
1,532.9
1,631.0
517.0
2,070.4

536.1
427.0
5,236.9
2,558.9
1,253.2
1,132.7
1,528.5
1,618.4
514.5
2,075.5

536.5
427.8
5,234.1
2,558.5
1,254.3
1,129.6
1,523.9
1,609.6
512.0
2,076.9

533.3
424.9
5,215.0
2,565.7
1,253.8
1,132.1
1,528.9
1,617.5
507.3
2,064.7

533.6
426.8
5,229.8
2,561.9
1,251.4
1,134.7
1,531.3
1,632.1
507.2
2,068.2

530.7
425.8
5,241.6
2,561.1
1,256.9
1,127.5
1 529 2
1,632.7
509.0
2,059.8

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New HamDShire
NGW Jersev

2,763.9
3,920.1
2,191.9
968.0
2,316.6
317.9
745.8
642.3
484.9
3,434.5

2,761.3
3,907.2
2,198.6
966.4
2,316.8
318.0
747.7
647.4
485.5
3,423.6

2,773.0
3,923.8
2,207.8
972.5
2,323.9
319.2
751.6
647.2
487.2
3,430.9

2,770.5
3,939.5
2,208.9
975.1
2,323.7
320.6
754.1
653.9
486.5
3,429.3

2,758.7
3,944.7
2,212.4
979.0
2,319.4
321.9
748.4
651.6
486.0
3,423.8

2,798.5
3,989.8
2,219.2
982.5
2,337.0
324.4
750.7
658.1
494.4
3,440.3

2,786.0
3,985.7
2,222.9
987.8
2,348.2
326.3
750.0
658.7
496.4
3,430.0

2,774.7
3,964.3
2,222.4
984.1
2,344.5
325.2
749.7
659.7
492.9
3,412.6

2,772.4
3,950.5
2,225.0
982.4
2,346.7
323.8
748.8
660.1
492.3
3,409.8

2,762.3
3,957.6
2,228.3
978.6
2,341.2
321.9
749.7
658.5
489.8
3,407.6

2,753.5
3,950.2
2,229.0
978.6
2,337.9
321.4
744.6
660.5
487.2
3,403.7

2,757.6
3,954.0
2,235.9
978.5
2,332.2
323.5
745.8
659.9
489.2
3,397.1

2,752.4
3,931.1
2,233.7
989.8
2,326.2
322.7
748.8
661.2
487.7
3,386.6

597.0
7,730.1
3,136.3
278.7
4,838.2
1,211.3
1,270.0
5,060.3
421.9
1,530.7

598.3
7,697.4
3,143.9
278.3
4,841.6
1,197.6
1,272.6
5,062.3
420.5
1,532.2

599.1
7,697.3
3,156.0
279.3
4,847.4
1,207.3
1,274.5
5,076.7
420.7
1,541.1

604.1
7,695.8
3,161.9
279.9
4,855.3
1,202.9
1,281.6
5,076.6
420.3
1,551.3

600.2
7,688.4
3,172.5
280.0
4,863.0
1,202.2
1,277.2
5,074.0
419.3
1,543.9

602.1
7,725.8
3,196.3
283.6
4,888.9
1,211.1
1,284.7
5,105.4
426.6
1,558.5

605.1
7,730.1
3,204.1
284.1
4,886.8
1,221.3
1,293.9
5,114.1
425.4
1,558.5

605.8
7,712.0
3,195.4
281.8
4,877.2
1,220.3
1,293.5
5,088.9
422.8
1,558.2

606.7
7,710.9
3,197.4
281.2
4,870.3
1,220.1
1,290.7
5,097.1
421.6
1,559.2

611.2
7,708.3
3,203.3
281.3
4,865.6
1,217.9
1,287.2
5,101.9
422.5
1,554.9

611.1
7,685.8
3,204.8
281.7
4,863.2
1,220.2
1,289.4
5,085.6
422.7
1,552.5

615.0
7,705.0
3,222.9
283.2
4,853.8
1,240.7
1,291.8
5,082.5
421.8
1,557.7

616.4
7,680.9
3,210.7
283 1
4,857.0
1,226.0
1,292.3
5,064.2
421.6
1,556.4

307.9
2,232.2
7,298.4
771.4
248.2
2,834.6
2,211.9
640.5
2,352.1
204.4

307.7
2,235.6
7,287.8
773.4
248.5
2,838.7
2,217.0
639.9
2,356.7
204.7

308.8
2,239.4
7,314.3
777.8
249.6
2,848.2
2,227.4
641.4
2,360.6
205.1

309.9
2,242.3
7,324.6
776.6
251.0
2,851.4
2,229.4
643.7
2,363.1
205.5

310.3
2,244.0
7,339.1
778.2
249.2
2,849.0
2,232.0
644.3
2,365.0
205.6

311.8
2,258.8
7,431.0
784.0
251.1
2,867.5
2,242.3
647.6
2,378.4
205.9

312.2
2,259.5
7,430.6
791.1
253.7
2,866.5
2,244.9
646.3
2,388.1
205.3

312.9
2,260.7
7,430.3
793.9
253.0
2,853.6
2,240.4
647.2
2,386.5
205.0

312.0
2,264.1
7,424.8
795.4
253.0
2,860.5
2,242.4
650.5
2,383.7
204.5

311.7
2,263.2
7,407.3
798.2
252.0
2,855.2
2,237.1
653.2
2,392.7
205.7

313.8
2,262.7
7,401.9
801.7
250.0
2,847.5
2,232.3
649.2
2,386.8
206.5

314.1
2,270.7
7,416.7
806.4
249.0
2,859.6
2,230.9
647.6
2,393.0
206.5

315.7
2,269.4
7,417.8
809.6
248.4
2,852.5
2,225.6
648.3
2,392.4
205.4

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
ConnGcticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

•••

.

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virainia
Wash i no ton
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
See footnotes at end of table.

98



••••

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)

1992

1993

State
Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.P

Construction

75.1

119.7

75.4
10.5
81.8
38.4
470.0
75.2
45.8
18.8
8.6
262.9
118.1

76.6
10.5
83.3
38.3
468.4
75.4
47.0
19.1
8.6
266.2
120.0

76.7
10.5
83.9
38.5
465.4
76.1
47.4
19.2
8.5
268.8
120.2

77.0
10.7
83.9
38.9
458.2
75.5
47.5
19.4
8.4
271.5
121.4

77.5
10.6
82.3
39.1
443.1
75.2
48.5
19.6
9.1
279.3
123.2

78.2
10.7
84.5
38.6
451.2
76.8
49.3
19.6
9.2
281.6
126.3

77.2
11.0
85.0
38.7
460.8
79.2
47.3
19.0
9.0
278.7
125.8

76.9
10.8
84.9
36.6
460.0
82.1
46.9
19.1
9.8
278.6
125.9

76.1
10.9
84.7
36.4
460.1
82.0
45.9
19.6
9.6
277.0
127.3

75.6
11.1
85.0
39.2
456.2
84.2
43.9
19.7
9.4
275.3
127.3

76.2
11.4
86.0
39.3
458.2
84.3
43.8
19.5
9.4
276.4
130.8

19.6
9.2
274.3
131.6

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky..
Louisiana .
Maine
Maryland ..

30.6
22.7
201.6
109.6
47.4
43.9
69.6
99.2
20.8
116.4

30.2
22.9
201.6
109.4
47.5
44.2
69.6
98.3
21.1
115.2

30.9
23.4
202.4
109.8
48.3
44.4
70.1
98.9
21.3
115.7

31.5
23.6
201.4
109.6
47.1
44.3
70.5
99.6
21.4
114.7

31.3
23.7
202.4
109.8
46.1
44.8
71.1
100.2
21.9
114.6

31.6
23.7
202.3
111.9
47.9
45.5
69.4
103.1
23.5
116.4

32.1
23.9
205.6
111.5
48.0
46.5
71.1
102.6
23.4
115.0

31.6
23.6
203.2
109.0
47.4
46.0
68.7
100.0
23.1
112.8

31.7
24.1
201.0
110.0
44.3
45.1
68.6
99.9
22.7
111.2

31.3
24.4
196.0
111.8
46.3
45.5
68.7
99.0
21.8
112.4

31.0
23.8
195.7
113.9
47.6
45.5
69.6
99.2
21.3
110.8

30.8
23.6
196.1
113.7
47.8
44.9
70.2
99.2
21.7
112.0

30.6
23.7
197.2
112.5
48.3
46.0
69.7
98.1
20.9
110.4

Massachusetts...
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire .
New Jersey

67.7
128.2
77.2
36.0
90.1
13.2
27.5
38.9
16.5
105.3

69.2
127.5
77.1
36.2
90.6
13.3
28.1
39.6
16.1
104.8

72.3
127.0
77.1
35.4
92.1
13.5
28.1
40.6
16.4
105.8

72.9
127.1
76.5
35.5
91.3
13.7
28.3
41.4
16.3
104.1

72.7
127.5
77.6
35.8
92.3
13.7
28.8
42.3
15.8
103.7

79.4
132.9
77.9
36.8
91.3
13.6
28.6
44.1
17.5
109.4

78.8
131.6
78.0
38.8
96.0
14.4
29.1
46.0
17.5
105.6

75.5
128.1
78.3
38.8
94.1
14.1
28.8
45.6
17.6
101.8

74.1
128.4
77.3
38.2
93.4
13.9
28.7
45.9
17.1
99.7

71.7
132.2
77.3
37.7
93.6
13.9
29.2
46.3
16.6
98.6

71.3
132.5
77.3
38.0
93.1
14.1
29.1
45.8
16.7
96.0

73.6
136.2
77.6
36.9
92.1
13.5
29.2
46.2
16.9
93.9

72.9
133.3
77.2
37.8
92.8
13.5
29.1
45.3
16.8
93.7

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina ...
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina...

30.2
238.2
145.3
11.0
182.0
37.8
49.8
194.3
12.3
81.8

30.4
234.6
145.3
10.8
182.1
38.4
49.2
194.3
12.6
81.9

30.4
231.7
146.3
10.8
182.8
38.5
48.9
195.4
12.2
82.0

30.4
228.8
146.6
10.9
182.6
37.9
48.8
195.0
12.2
81.9

30.4
227.9
147.6
11.1
183.6
37.8
48.4
194.7
12.6
81.7

31.7
235.4
149.1
11.9
186.5
38.3
48.7
198.9
14.1
82.0

31.7
235.1
149.1
12.0
186.6
40.3
50.9
198.3
13.8
82.6

31.8
237.9
147.8
11.7
186.2
40.3
50.8
191.4
13.5
81.9

32.3
238.0
147.9
11.4
184.8
39.7
50.2
192.4
13.8
81.8

32.9
238.6
147.8
11.5
184.3
40.0
50.3
193.8
14.1
81.1

32.6
236.8
148.0
11.6
183.9
39.6
49.8
192.1
13.7
80.6

33.6
237.5
149.1
11.4
183.1
39.1
51.4
192.3
13.4
82.1

33.7
235.6
149.1
11.4

12.8

12.8
84.5
343.4
35.2
11.2
144.6
117.9
27.5
91.8
11.3

12.8
84.1
343.6
35.9
11.6
145.4
120.1
27.7
92.8
11.3

12.3
83.6
345.4
36.0
11.8
145.3
120.9
27.8
93.7
11.4

12.8
83.4
347.7
36.5
12.1
146.3
121.7
27.8
94.6
11.5

12.6
85.5
351.7
38.7
13.0
148.9
122.3
29.3
94.2
11.4

12.8
86.6
351.2
40.0
13.0
149.4
124.0
29.5
96.0
11.3

12.6
86.3
348.7
39.7
13.1
146.4
122.8
29.3
96.0
10.7

12.3
86.8
348.7
39.1
12.4
146.2
122.5
29.9
96.4
10.7

12.8
87.6
347.0
38.3
11.9
145.3
121.5
31.0
100.1
10.8

13.3
88.0
349.2
38.5
11.5
144.7
120.5
30.4
101.1
11.0

13.2
88.8
350.8
38.8
11.3
146.5
121.2
30.6
102.7
10.9

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia.
Florida
Georgia
2

South Dakota.
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington ....
West Virginia..
Wisconsin
Wyoming

10.5
82.2
38.3
474.0
75.2
46.8
18.6
8.9
258.0

84.6
344.1
34.7
11.1
144.9
118.4
27.7
91.5
11.3

75.6
11.4
87.1
39.1

459.2
82.6
43.2

182.6
38.7
52.1
190.9
13.1
81.4
13.0
89.4

349.0
39.3
11.3
147.9
122.2
30.7
103.1
10.9

See footnotes at end of table.




99

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1992

1993

State
Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

385.7
19.2
170.9
242.0
1,837.2
183.8
297.5
67.0
13.7
481.5
551.4

384.1
19.6
171.5
242.2
1,824.7
183.5
295.3
66.2
13.6
481.2
547.8

382.3
17.1
171.1
243.1
1.816.6
183.4
293.8
66.6
13.6
480.0
548.4

379.9
15.8
171.6
242.4
1.806.1
182.7
292.0
66.2
13.8
479.5
546.2

378.4
17.3
171.3
241.1
1.798.3
182.7
290.0
65.8
14.0
478.8
543.7

376.6
16.7
170.4
241.7
1,797.2
182.3
288.8
65.5
13.8
481.8
546.4

377 2
173
170.6
241 1
1 791 1
182.7
284 9
65 1
13.7
481.2
545 0

18.9
68.2
927.9
638.3
232.4
179.8
294.2
186.7
92.9
182.2

18.7
67.9
926.9
636.3
233.5
179.2
292.0
186.0
92.6
182.2

18.9
68.0
924.7
633.4
233.8
179.1
291.4
185.6
91.8
181.1

18.7
68.1
925.5
631.5
232.6
179.1
291.7
183.0
92.3
181.2

18.7
68.2
920.6
629.8
231.8
179.0
291.9
182.5
92.0
180.6

18.4
67.9
915.8
630.4
232.2
180.1
290.3
182.3
91.3
178.6

18.6
68.8
921.9
628.2
228.9
180.4
291.1
184.1
91.1
178.5

18.5
68.7
921.1
628.3
231.3
179.9
290.7
184.6
91.3
178.1

452.5
902.0
398.4
251.9
405.8
22.9
101.1
26.5
96.6
519.2

454.4
916.8
398.8
253.1
412.1
23.1
101.7
26.7
98.2
518.9

452.0
913.1
399.5
254.8
410.1
23.5
101.5
26.8
98.1
514.1

449.2
908.8
398.3
255.3
410.6
23.3
102.2
26.8
97.2
510.5

449.1
899.6
398.0
253.1
408.4
23.1
101.7
27.2
97.6
510.6

446.5
895.3
396.9
252.2
406.8
22.7
101.9
27.1
97.2
508.9

444.5
893.6
394.4
251.3
405.4
22.7
101.9
26.9
96.6
506.3

441.4
891.4
396.5
250.0
402.2
22.8
101.7
27.2
96.4
507.0

437.6
881.6
395.6
249.5
399.2
22.7
102.9
27.2
96 6
503.1

40.4
1,000.1
835.0
18.7
1.046.8
163.5
205.1
936.2
89.0
371.1

40.4
999.4
836.5
18.7
1.049.2
163.5
206.2
935.8
88.4
371.5

40.2
1.008.1
840.6
19.1
1,062.5
164.5
207.0
939.9
90.1
373.8

40.3
1,004.4
842.5
19.3
1,058.5
165.3
208.6
940.2
89.8
371.6

40.6
997.0
843.1
19.0
1.050.2
164.3
209.5
937.3
89.5
370.6

40.2
989.2
841.9
19.3
1,044.9
164.0
208.4
937.4
88.7
369.9

40.2
984.2
843.8
19.3
1,043.4
163.4
206.7
932.1
88.8
368.5

40.5
971.5
843.4
19.5
1,038.0
162.7
205.9
926.2
88.8
367.1

40.5
974.1
848.5
19.4
1,037.2
164.1
205.1
928.1
88.1
366.3

40.4
965.1
843 4
19.6
1,034.4
163.2
205.2
922.0
88.1
365.6

37.8
512.9
972.8
105.0
43.2
406.2
342.9
82.8
545.2
9.1

38.2
514.6
973.7
104.8
43.0
404.3
343.0
82.6
546.1
9.2

38.5
518.2
981.3
105.2
43.3
408.6
343.3
83.3
551.3
9.2

38.6
517.1
985.6
106.2
43.2
406.6
343.8
83.6
553.1
9.2

39.1
517.9
985.8
107.0
43.5
404.0
342.1
83.0
553.5
9.3

39.3
518.2
984.5
107.7
43.7
403.1
341.5
82.7
551.9
9.2

39.5
518.3
982.6
107.7
43.4
404.7
341.2
82.7
550.7
9.1

39.7
515.5
981.2
107.7
43.5
403.2
339.0
82.5
546.6
9.2

39.7
517.1
981.5
108.3
43.0
402.4
335.8
82.2
548.7
9.5

40.0
515.7
979.6
108.5
42.8
401.6
335.6
82.5
549.8
9.4

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

380.5
17.3
171.2
235.7
1,880.1
184.6
303.3
67.5
13.9
480.4
542.8

380.0
17.7
171.1
236.0
1,867.0
184.2
303.3
67.2
14.0
478.9
546.0

381.1
17.5
171.0
236.2
1,853.4
183.8
302.0
64.4
13.9
479.0
546.8

381.8
16.9
170.5
237.6
1.854.6
183.6
300.7
68.2
13.9
477.9
546.5

382.5
17.0
170.5
238.3
1,846.1
182.7
298.8
67.4
13.8
475.9
546.6

384.7
18.7
171.0
239.9
1.843.7
184.5
297.9
67.2
13.8
480.5
551.4

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
.
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

19.5
66.1
925.0
625.9
230.0
181.3
287.7
185.5
91.8
182.4

19.4
65.5
924.4
625.9
230.0
181.2
288.4
185.4
91.9
181.2

19.3
65.4
924.1
626.0
228.7
181.1
288.5
185.4
91.6
181.4

19.1
66.5
925.3
628.9
231.2
181.0
288.7
185.1
92.0
180.8

19.0
67.0
926.2
631.1
231.3
180.7
288.7
185.1
91.2
180.9

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New HamDShire
New Jersey

456.9
896.4
395.4
250.4
406.9
22.5
100.3
26.2
97.6
522.2

457.5
892.5
396.9
250.7
407.2
22.6
100.6
26.2
97.4
519.6

456.8
893.3
398.1
250.1
406.5
22.8
101.0
26.4
97.2
521.1

454.9
898.8
397.9
250.8
409.8
22.8
100.9
26.4
96.9
520.5

40.2
1,009.2
834.5
18.4
1,043.3
163.4
205.5
946.9
89.8
370.1

40.1
1,003.5
834.9
18.6
1,045.6
158.7
204.7
943.0
89.1
369.9

40.4
1,000.9
835.8
18.7
1,044.0
163.7
205.5
940.5
89.2
370.2

36.7
513.3
968.7
106.3
43.5
406.7
344.7
82.0
545.1
9.2

37.0
512.5
970.1
106.0
43.3
405.7
343.6
82.0
546.4
9.3

37.4
513.0
972.3
105.6
43.1
405.3
344.2
82.0
546.5
9.2

Aug.P

Manufacturing
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
7"0xas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virainia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
See footnotes at end of table.

100



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1992

1993

State
Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug."

Transportation and public utilities
82.5
22.5
81.8
55.4
605.4
99.8
67.7
14.5
23.1
272.8
197.2

82.6
22.6
81.5
55.3
605.2
99.9
67.2
14.3
23.1
271.7
197.3

82.4
22.3
81.4
55.3
604.3
100.3
67.0
14.3
23.4
272.9
198.2

82.6
22.7
81.5
55.4
604.6
100.3
66.9
14.2
23.0
273.8
198.5

82.5
22.8
81.6
55.4
603.4
100.3
66.4
14.3
23.0
277.1
197.8

82.4
23.0
77.8
56.1
604.5
100.5
67.2
14.7
23.0
273.6
200.7

82.3
22.9
78.6
56.1
603.0
100.5
67.7
14.4
23.0
276.3
202.2

81.9
22.7
78.2
56.2
602.3
100.6
66.6
14.7
23.4
278.0
201.6

82.4
22.9
78.1
56.4
602.6
101.0
65.1
14.9
23.2
278.4
203.0

82.5
23.2
77.9
56.2
601.4
101.8
65.2
14.7
23.0
279.2
202.9

82.6
22.3
77.8
56.4
599.5
101.4
64.8
14.5
23.1
279.1
204.0

82.5
23.0
78.2
56.2
598.0
102 2
66.1
14.7
23.0
278.2
203.6

82 5
22 9
77.9
56 1
597 6
102 7
65 7
14.8
22.9
277 0
203 4

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Marvland

43.5
20.2
301.2
129.4
54.3
64.5
81.6
104.3
21.5
98.9

43.5
20.5
300.3
129.7
54.2
63.9
82.1
104.3
21.6
98.9

43.4
20.5
300.3
130.1
54.2
64.3
82.2
104.7
21.4
99.5

43.2
20.5
299.7
129.7
54.3
64.2
82.7
104.7
21.3
99.1

43.3
20.4
300.4
129.5
54.3
63.8
82.6
104.6
21.2
99.4

43.2
20.9
303.2
130.0
54.5
65.5
83.3
105.5
21.7
99.1

42.8
21.0
301.9
129.6
54.5
65.6
83.3
105.6
21.3
98.3

42.6
20.8
301.9
129.8
53.9
65.6
83.1
105.0
21.6
97.7

42.4
20.6
303.1
128.7
53.6
66.0
83.0
105.8
21.4
97.9

41.9
20.6
302.0
128.7
53.6
65.8
82.4
104.8
20.9
97.4

41.6
20.4
300.6
129.0
53.3
65.3
82.5
104.2
20.8
97.1

41.5
20.2
301.4
128.6
53.7
65.5
82.5
104.3
20.5
97.7

41.2
20 3
299.9
129.3
53.6
65 1
82 2
103 8
20.8
97.5

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersev

120.0
153.3
108.3
45.0
150.7
20.1
46.9
33.2
16.9
228.2

119.7
153.9
108.8
44.9
150.3
20.1
47.0
33.0
16.9
228.7

119.9
154.9
109.4
44.5
150.4
20.0
47.1
33.0
17.1
227.5

120.8
155.1
109.0
45.2
150.0
20.0
47.1
33.2
16.9
227.9

119.9
154.2
108.8
46.3
149.4
20.0
47.2
33.3
17.0
227.1

121.1
154.5
108.8
45.5
151.2
20.2
47.2
33.4
17.6
230.6

119.1
154.3
108.5
45.4
152.1
20.2
47.3
33.7
17.8
232.1

117.7
154.3
107.9
45.2
152.1
20.1
47.4
33.6
17.7
229.9

118.4
155.5
108.1
45.4
152.6
20.1
47.6
33.7
17.4
229.8

117.8
156.0
107.8
45.0
152.4
20.1
47.2
33.3
17.1
230.0

118.0
155.2
107.4
45.0
152.8
20.0
47.0
33 1
17.0
230.1

118.6
154 8
107.7
45.3
154 1
20.1
47.1
33 3
16.7
226.9

118.3
153 7
107 4
44 7
152 9
20 1
46 7
33 3
166
225.4

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

28.7
399.6
152.7
17.5
211.6
69.5
64.8
261.8
14.4
64.4

28.6
398.5
153.5
17.5
211.8
69.5
65.1
263.2
14.4
64.3

28.7
397.6
154.2
17.5
210.8
69.8
65.4
263.5
14.6
64.4

28.6
396.4
154.5
17.4
210.7
69.4
65.4
264.4
14.5
64.3

28.5
396.6
154.6
17.5
210.4
69.1
65.4
264.0
14.5
64.0

28.7
397.6
156.1
17.7
211.1
70.0
66.0
266.9
14.9
65.1

28.7
396.1
155.6
17.7
211.5
70.3
65.7
266.9
15.0
65.0

28.7
395.2
155.2
17.5
210.8
70.1
65.8
266.9
14.8
64.9

28.6
394.5
155.6
17.5
210.0
70.1
65.7
266.2
14.9
64.5

28.3
394.0
155.6
17.4
209.8
69.4
65.1
266.1
14.9
64.8

28.3
393.2
155.9
17.8
209 4
68.6
65.1
266.1
14.6
64.3

28.4
392 4
154.9
17.9
208 8
68.8
64 4
264 5
14 7
63.5

28.5
390 4
154.3
17.8
208 1
68.4
64 3
263 6
148
63.4

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washinoton
West Virainia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

14.6
120.1
436.8
44.0
11.0
146.4
113.2
38.1
109.8
14.1

14.5
120.2
434.2
44.0
11.0
146.0
113.0
38.3
109.8
14.1

14.6
120.5
434.1
44.4
11.0
146.2
113.7
38.3
109.2
14.1

14.6
121.2
433.1
44.1
11.0
146.0
113.2
38.5
109.5
14.0

14.6
121.4
431.5
44.0
11.0
146.1
113.1
38.6
109.3
14.1

14.7
121.7
438.4
44.2
11.1
146.3
113.0
38.4
111.0
14.2

14.7
121.4
439.4
44.9
11.0
146.0
113.5
38.2
111.9
14.1

14.9
121.3
438.9
45.2
11.1
144.7
112.7
38.4
111.7
14.1

14.6
121.3
440.2
45.3
10.9
145.1
112.9
38.2
111.2
14.3

14.6
121.6
440.0
45.5
11.0
144.1
111.9
38.7
111.2
14.3

14.7
122 3
439.3
45 8
10.9
144.6
111.2
38.3
111 5
14.4

14.8
122 9
439.5
46 1
105
144 6
110.0
38.7
111 3
14.4

14.9
123 4
439.9
46 5
105
144 6
110.2
38.9
110 8
14.4

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

••• •
•

See footnotes at end of table.




101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1992

1993

State
Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Apr.

May

June

July

367.8
47.9
378.3
213.4
2,823.4
385.7
331.2
75.8
54.4
1,415.8
748.2

368.5
47.9
378.9
214.0
2,820.2
387.7
330.7
75.3
54.0
1,410.0
745.1

369.6
47.9
379.4
215.6
2,814.9
390.2
329.6
76.1
53.7
1,417.5
753.7

369.9
48.1
379.8
216.5
2,809.7
389.5
328.3
76.6
53.4
1,417.8
755.5

370.5
48.1
378.3
217.2
2,802.7
389.5
328.0
76.4
53.2
1,418.7
756.5

372.2
48.3
380.8
218.4
2,807.8
392.1
329.7
76.8
53.9
1,426.1
763.5

373.8
48.3
381.6
218.5
2,805.8
394.3
329.3
76.6
53.9
1,427.3
766.5

372.4
48.2
380.2
217.9
2,801.5
394.2
327.1
75.9
53.2
1,432.1
765.1

372.1
48.7
381.1
217.0
2,796.8
396.2
327.1
75.8
54.2
1,434.1
766.9

370.1
48.8
381.3
216.6
2,787.1
395.7
324.6
75.6
53.2
1,435.2
764.1

369.3
48.9
381.3
215.9
2,777.3
394.4
323.1
75.8
52.8
1,434.1
766.6

369.2
49.1
385.8
216.1
2,777.9
396.2
321.8
76.0
53.5
1,444.1
775.0

369.6
49.3
385 6
217.4
2,768.6
396.7
321 1
75.5
52.6
1,442.5
773.7

134.8
106.3
1,223.8
597.9
317.5
270.9
355.5
378.2
128.7
503.1

134.5
106.5
1,223.2
597.6
317.5
270.7
355.2
378.2
129.1
502.8

133.5
107.1
1,231.6
598.2
317.6
272.3
358.3
379.5
131.4
503.2

133.0
107.3
1.232.8
597.2
316.6
274.5
358.1
379.9
132.0
501.7

133.0
107.7
1,230.6
597.0
316.6
274.2
357.1
378.2
131.2
501.3

132.6
107.6
1,231.4
602.2
318.9
278.8
361.3
384.0
130.6
505.3

133.3
108.0
1,234.7
601.2
319.8
280.4
362.8
384.6
131.6
505.9

133.2
107.9
1,230.8
599.0
319.7
279.7
360.5
382.7
129.8
500.1

133.0
108.6
1,233.8
597.6
318.4
278.8
359.5
379.4
129.4
502.5

132.8
108.4
1,237.8
598.5
318.7
277.7
359.4
377.0
128.6
503.0

133.0
108.1
1,236.2
598.7
318.6
276.5
360.0
377.4
125.8
499.3

133.3
108.8
1,244.8
598.5
319.2
278.1
361.2
378.8
126.1
499.9

132.1
108.1
1,247.9
597.4
318.9
275.7
360.3
379.0
126.9
498.1

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hamnshire
New Jersev

637.4
928.0
529.3
200.9
554.2
85.4
187.4
130.8
124.2
803.4

638.4
925.8
531.2
200.3
553.5
85.6
187.7
131.2
123.8
802.3

641.8
933.5
532.2
202.5
553.5
86.3
190.0
131.9
123.6
803.7

640.1
933.4
532.3
202.7
553.4
86.8
189.0
132.0
123.6
802.9

637.5
935.7
532.8
202.1
552.5
86.8
189.0
132.0
123.3
799.9

651.8
947.3
535.0
204.3
557.9
87.9
189.9
132.7
127.0
804.1

650.6
950.2
535.1
204.6
560.0
88.1
190.3
133.0
127.7
804.3

646.3
939.7
533.2
203.3
557.6
88.0
189.1
132.9
125.7
796.4

645.6
934.7
533.7
202.5
557.8
87.8
188.1
133.2
125.6
796.9

643.2
935.5
535.3
201.3
556.0
87.5
188.6
132.5
125.1
797.3

639.5
933.8
534.8
202.4
555.3
86.7
186.9
132.2
123.9
798.8

638.6
936.8
534.3
202.6
553.7
87.4
184.8
132.8
123.8
798.2

638 5
936.0
533.9
202.8
553.8
87.7
186.3
133.1
123 0
794.5

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

142.0
1,559.4
714.3
73.3
1,158.7
283.7
321.6
1 154.1
90.3
344.2

142.3
1,554.4
716.6
73.3
1,158.9
282.4
321.9
1,152.6
89.9
346.4

142.5
1,555.5
719.0
73.6
1,161.6
283.6
321.8
1,154.4
90.0
351.1

142.3
1,553.6
721.4
73.7
1,164.0
281.1
321.9
1,155.6
89.3
350.8

142.8
1,551.0
722.3
73.9
1,165.7
280.0
323.0
1.155.2
89.1
350.8

143.2
1,554.9
732.2
74.8
1,167.2
283.7
325.2
1,171.0
92.1
355.5

143.9
1,565.8
734.5
74.8
1,167.7
289.0
326.6
1,172.5
92.2
357.8

143.6
1,557.5
727.7
73.9
1,166.6
289.0
325.2
1,164.0
91.3
357.8

144.5
1,560.6
726.1
73.7
1,165.5
289.3
323.8
1,168.0
91.6
357.3

144.8
1,562.1
725.4
73.6
1,163.1
288.3
323.0
1,169.1
91.1
357.1

145.1
1,559.1
722.9
73.9
1,162.6
288.7
323.7
1,167.5
90.7
355.7

145.6
1,556.8
725.8
74.2
1,161.9
291.5
325.6
1,165.5
91.0
357.7

146.0
1,547.7
726.1
74.1
1,162 0
289.6
324.1
1,163.5
90.5
356.4

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washinaton
West Virainia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

80.1
520.0
1,754.0
185.1
58.1
633.1
538.1
146.3
545.7
46.6

79.5
520.3
1,757.0
185.2
58.0
631.8
538.7
146.6
546.9
47.0

79.9
521.1
1,761.9
186.0
58.0
633.6
540.1
146.8
547.0
46.7

80.0
520.4
1,763.0
185.3
58.5
631.6
539.5
147.1
545.7
46.5

80.1
519.9
1.763.4
185.2
57.8
631.4
539.6
147.4
546.1
46.5

80.6
523.8
1,784.2
188.4
58.5
636.2
547.6
148.5
550.7
46.8

80.8
525.9
1,794.3
190.9
59.0
636.4
548.2
148.6
551.8
47.1

81.2
525.7
1,791.9
191.0
58.5
633.4
546.6
148.3
551.0
47.3

80.8
526.6
1,793.0
191.7
58.5
635.4
546.8
148.8
551.0
47.3

80.6
525.9
1,783.3
191.9
58.9
634.5
545.9
149.5
551.0
47.5

80.3
527.8
1,779.6
191.6
57.9
630.3
542.9
148.9
550.6
47.6

80.8
530.4
1,785.1
192.4
58.2
631.3
546.5
150.4
549.8
47.4

81.1
529.6
1,786.7
193.1
58.2
627.4
543.7
150.3
549.3
47.3

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Aug.P

Wholesale and retail trade
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

..

.

See footnotes at end of table.

102




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1993

1992
State
Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.?

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

73.7
10.8
94.1
39.0
787.4
100.0
142.2
33.3
33.4
351.5
162.1

73.6
10.7
94.3
39.0
788.0
100.4
141.8
33.4
33.5
350.9
162.3

73.7
10.8
94.2
39.2
787.2
100.7
141.5
33.4
33.8
352.1
162.4

73.7
10.8
94.7
39.3
787.1
100.7
141.5
33.5
33.9
351.8
163.0

73.7
10.8
94.7
39.4
785.9
100.9
140.5
33.3
33.7
351.6
163.1

74.3
10.8
95.9
39.6
785.5
102.0
138.7
33.8
33.8
353.4
163.7

74.3
10.8
95.9
39.4
782.2
101.9
139.3
33.8
32.7
354.0
163.9

74.2
10.8
95.4
39.3
781.4
101.8
138.7
33.5
32.7
353.3
163.7

74.4
10.7
95.5
39.4
780.4
102.0
139.7
33.6
32.7
354.4
164.0

74.2
10.7
95.2
39.2
780.2
102.3
139.7
33.5
32.7
353.5
163.4

74.9
10.7
95.0
39.2
779.8
102.7
138.8
33.4
32.2
353.3
163.5

74.6
10.7
95.2
39.3
781.0
103.6
138.5
33.8
31.3
354.2
164.6

75.0
10.8
95.2
39.5
780.1
103.7
138 3
33.8
31.1
355.2
164.2

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

37.6
21.6
375.6
127.8
72.4
57.6
62.4
77.3
24.4
128.1

37.6
21.7
375.5
127.6
72.6
57.8
62.9
77'.1
24.8
128.1

37.7
21.9
376.7
127.6
72.9
58.0
63.1
77.5
24.1
129.0

37.7
21.9
378.0
127.9
73.1
58.1
63.1
77.3
23.9
128.6

37.6
22.0
375.8
127.9
73.2
58.2
63.3
77.1
23.9
128.5

37.8
22.3
377.2
129.9
73.3
58.4
63.8
77.7
24.0
129.1

37.7
22.3
378.3
130.0
73.7
58.3
64.1
77.9
24.0
128.5

37.6
22.3
378.1
130.1
73.4
58.3
63.9
77.6
23.9
128.4

37.3
22.3
379.2
130.3
73.6
57.9
63.7
77.3
23.9
128.6

37.5
22.3
379.5
130.5
73.5
57.8
63.3
77.1
24.3
128.4

37.3
22.3
377.2
130.6
73.2
57.7
63.0
76.2
24.3
127.7

37.7
22.4
378.9
131.1
73.9
57.8
62.9
76 5
24.2
128.4

37.9
22.2
378.9
131.1
73.7
58 0
62.9
76 4
24 5
128.2

Massachusetts
Michiaan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

195.1
188.1
130.0
38.2
136.1
14.3
49.1
29.2
29.3
225.7

194.7
188.0
130.3
38.2
135.9
14.4
48.9
29.5
29.4
225.7

195.8
188.3
130.7
38.2
136.5
14.5
49.2
29.4
29.4
226.0

195.3
188.0
131.0
38.3
136.7
14.6
49.0
29.6
29.4
226.3

194.0
187.6
131.0
38.4
136.6
14.6
48.8
29.6
29.5
226.5

195.8
189.2
132.2
38.8
138.7
14.8
49.2
30.3
29.3
226.2

194.7
189.3
132.4
38.8
138.6
14.7
48.8
30.5
29.4
225.6

193.8
187.8
132.5
38.6
138.3
14.6
48.6
30.6
29.3
225.7

193.6
188.5
133.5
38.5
138.5
14.6
48.9
30.6
29.1
225.4

192.5
188.1
133.9
38.7
137.7
14.6
48.7
30.8
29.2
225.7

191.7
188.2
134.5
39.3
137.8
14.5
48.8
30.9
29.0
226.5

191 5
188.8
135.4
39.3
137.8
14.5
49.0
31.1
29 3
227.3

191 7
188 5
135.8
39.5
137 6
144
48.9
31.2
29 2
227 6

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina \
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

26.6
734.9
135.0
13.0
257.0
60.5
86.2
299.4
25.3
64.4

26.6
733.3
135.4
13.0
256.6
60.4
86.7
298.7
25.1
64.5

26.6
735.2
136.4
13.1
256.7
60.3
87.2
299.6
25.0
64.7

26.6
734.4
136.3
13.2
256.8
60.4
87.3
299.5
24.9
64.7

26.5
732.8
136.8
13.2
257.1
60.4
87.2
298.5
24.7
64.6

26.6
735.1
138.2
13.2
257.9
60.6
87.7
301.9
24.7
65.4

26.8
734.4
138.5
13.3
257.9
60.4
88.3
301.4
24.4
65.1

26.7
731.8
138.7
13.3
258.1
60.5
87.9
300.8
24.6
64.9

26.6
731.6
139.1
13.4
258.2
60.7
87.9
300.9
24.7
65.3

26.8
731.1
138.6
13.4
257.7
60.4
87.9
301.3
24.5
64.8

27.0
730.7
138.6
13.3
257.5
60.4
88.3
301.4
24.7
65.2

27.0
730 2
139.0
13.3
257.8
60 5
89.1
301.0
24.4
65.2

27.0
727 8
139.0
13.4
257.6
60 2
89 3
301.1
24.4
65.2

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washinaton
West Virainia
Wisconsin
Wvomina

17.0
100.6
418.3
37.3
11.9
148.3
118.7
24.7
127.1
7.3

17.1
100.7
418.1
37.4
11.8
148.0
118.0
24.7
127.7
7.4

17.1
100.6
418.6
37.6
11.9
148.2
118.0
24.7
127.8
7.4

17.0
100.6
418.7
37.7
11.7
147.8
117.9
24.8
127.8
7.4

17.0
100.4
418.5
37.6
11.7
148.2
117.9
24.7
128.1
7.4

17.2
101.5
425.8
37.8
11.6
149.8
117.6
24.8
128.3
7.4

17.5
101.2
425.0
37.8
11.7
150.1
117.7
24.9
128.5
7.4

17.5
101.2
424.5
37.9
11.8
149.6
117.2
24.8
128.6
7.5

17.6
101.0
424.3
38.4
11.7
150.4
117.3
25.0
129.4
7.5

17.7
100.6
425.7
39.0
11.6
149.9
116.8
25.1
129.3
7.5

17.7
100.5
427.7
39.6
11.6
149.4
117.0
24.9
129 5
7.4

17.9
100 9
429.8
39.8
11.6
150 4
117.3
25.1
130 0
7.5

180
100 5
428 8
40 2
11.6
150 3
117.2
25.0
130 3
7.5

. ..

See footnotes at end of table.




103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1992

1993

State
Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

347.1
54.0
428.0
211.4
3,421.4
443.9
418.2
86.0
256.2
1,692.1
676.6

347.9
54.3
429.4
211.7
3,419.7
445.7
417.9
87.2
255.9
1,698.5
677.7

349.8
54.3
430.7
212.8
3,425.4
450.5
419.6
87.9
257.2
1,703.6
687.5

352.1
54.4
430.2
213.4
3,427.9
449.9
420.6
87.9
256.1
1,707.6
686.8

352.8
54.4
431.7
214.0
3,431.1
451.1
420.5
87.7
256.2
1,709.0
685.2

355.0
54.9
433.1
214.9
3,441.2
450.3
421.6
89.0
255.0
1,710.8
695.6

Hawaii
Idaho

162.3
90.7
1,380.5
553.5
306.5
260.0
351.2
394.9
131.8
631.7

161.9
91.1
1,387.5
553.2
306.5
259.4
350.7
396.3
130.9
631.0

160.9
92.1
1,393.1
559.9
306.8
261.5
353.4
398.4
130.1
632.8

160.8
92.6
1,395.8
564.3
306.9
262.2
354.3
399.8
130.3
632.6

160.7
93.0
1,397.4
565.8
306.9
263.1
354.7
400.4
130.0
631.7

909.5
973.1
597.1
178.6
601.5
82.1
185.2
283.9
128.9
972.3

907.3
974.8
599.9
180.6
602.8
82.2
186.9
284.6
129.5
972.7

910.6
975.1
602.9
185.8
606.7
82.8
187.9
286.5
131.1
976.0

910.3
983.7
604.7
186.2
603.8
83.2
187.2
287.7
130.8
976.4

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

159.5
2,338.8
640.5
74.1
1,236.4
284.7
309.6
1,484.0
128.0
311.3

160.0
2,339.6
644.2
74.0
1,238.3
284.3
312.2
1,490.9
127.5
311.0

159.9
2,347.4
652.2
74.3
1,242.3
287.5
313.6
1,503.6
127.7
314.3

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washinaton
West Virainia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

78.5
535.0
1,846.1
198.5
68.9
752.8
553.3
158.0
571.6
41.7

78.3
538.6
1,857.4
199.3
69.7
758.1
557.4
158.8
572.2
41.8

78.6
540.7
1,870.6
201.5
70.2
762.5
561.5
160.3
576.7
42.1

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

356.0
54.8
432.1
213.4
3,445.1
451.0
422.4
88.1
257.0
1,719.6
694.6

355.7
54.9
433.2
212.9
3,446.3
451.8
419.3
87.2
256.1
1,722.8
691.2

354.8
55.3
433.6
213.7
3,447.7
455.4
423.2
87.8
257.0
1,733.9
697.7

354.8
55.1
434.6
214.2
3,448.2
455.6
421.4
86.9
255.2
1,737.6
702.4

353.3
55.1
436.6
215.1
3,444.4
456.0
419.6
87.2
254.0
1,740.6
705.0

354.0
55.2
439.7
215.3
3,450.1
459.6
420.4
87.3
256.2
1,748.5
710.9

353 1
55.0
438.7
216 1
3,452.0
460 9
420.3
87.6
255.1
1,749.4
7142

159.5
92.6
1,405.6
565.0
308.6
263.8
359.2
400.2
131.4
636.9

159.3
89.5
1,408.3
567.2
308.1
265.4
359.8
401.3
131.2
635.8

159.4
92.7
1,404.6
565.4
306.8
264.3
359.3
399.8
130.9
632.6

160.4
93.1
1,409.3
565.2
306.0
264.6
357.1
397.6
130.1
635.8

161.0
92.8
1,409.4
563.7
305.6
264.3
356.6
395.5
129.9
637.8

159.8
92.5
1,409.1
565.2
305.0
265.0
356.1
397.3
129.7
634.4

160.7
92.7
1,415.9
566.6
303.7
265.2
356.5
399.1
130.3
637.8

159.0
92.9
1,423.0
567.6
304.0
265.6
356.4
398.6
130.5
634.1

907.5
986.6
607.9
187.1
603.8
84.1
186.2
287.8
131.2
976.6

922.8
999.3
610.7
187.2
608.6
85.1
185.5
290.4
133.3
980.2

916.3
999.4
613.6
186.5
612.2
85.4
184.5
288.6
132.9
977.7

916.5
998.5
614.1
185.4
612.2
85.0
185.2
288.5
132.6
977.8

914.8
995.1
617.2
186.0
614.6
84.5
185.7
288.1
132.5
978.7

914.8
998.7
618.6
184.4
613.1
84.2
186.5
287.1
132.3
976.3

914.6
998.0
621.3
182.9
610.9
83.9
185.0
287.0
131.0
974.1

918.8
1,006.7
624.8
185.2
610.9
85.6
184.6
288.1
131.9
980.9

918 1
1,006.0
624.6
189.8
612.1
85.9
184.5
288.1
132.1
979.3

160.6
2,351.0
656.5
74.6
1,246.9
287.3
314.1
1,505.6
127.8
315.7

160.8
2,351.5
660.8
74.3
1,249.5
288.2
313.7
1,507.2
128.0
316.6

160.4
2,365.2
662.7
75.1
1,255.3
289.2
316.6
1,508.6
129.2
317.9

161.8
2,369.0
666.4
75.2
1,256.6
292.0
319.7
1,515.1
129.0
319.7

161.7
2,366.1
666.2
75.0
1,258.4
294.3
319.9
1,509.6
127.4
320.5

162.0
2,372.5
669.9
74.7
1,259.8
293.4
320.8
1,514.5
127.0
321.9

163.2
2,372.3
673.9
75.0
1,259.8
293.5
320.7
1,517.8
126.9
321.7

163.9
2,371.7
679.0
75.6
1,263.3
293.9
322.2
1,511.3
127.9
321.9

165.6
2,377.4
682.3
75.8
1,263.4
297.0
322.9
1,512.3
128.6
323.3

165.8
2,380.7
678.8
75 6
1,265.0
294.3
322.6
1,509.0
128.5
324.4

79.0
543.4
1,878.9
201.8
70.8
767.0
564.4
160.8
578.6
41.9

79.2
544.4
1,888.3
203.2
70.0
765.4
565.4
161.0
579.8
42.1

79.8
548.5
1,922.5
203.5
69.3
770.1
567.0
161.6
580.6
42.1

79.6
547.5
1,907.2
204.8
71.9
770.1
568.6
162.6
582.6
42.0

79.8
547.9
1,907.1
206.0
71.6
767.8
567.4
161.7
582.5
41.9

79.9
550.2
1,900.5
207.5
71.8
773.1
568.4
163.7
582.6
41.6

79.0
548.9
1,894.9
209.6
71.1
772.2
569.7
164.3
584.7
42.7

79.9
549.2
1,887.9
210.7
70.8
770.6
569.1
164.1
583.0
42.0

79.8
551.5
1,893.1
213.0
70.7
776.7
568.9
163.6
586.0
42.2

79.6
550.7
1,890.5
213.2
70.6
777.5
567.6
163.8
585.3
42.1

Aug.P

Services

Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New HarrtDshire
New Jers©v

See footnotes at end of table.

104




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
1993

1992
State
Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.p

government
342.4
73.0
280.0
167.2
2,094.2
295.6
206.4
48.9
287.3
872.0
533.8

336.9
73.1
290.9
168.9
2,090.4
292.5
204.0
48.7
287.2
873.2
536.4

339.6
73.5
280.1
168.9
2,083.9
294.0
205.3
49.1
288.2
873.4
538.4

340.4
73.9
281.2
168.8
2,080.8
294.1
205.8
49.1
289.1
870.4
540.0

341.2
73.4
279.4
169.3
2,078.3
294.3
204.8
49.1
289.3
872.3
540.2

341.2
74.9
283.7
170.2
2,071.7
294.2
204.3
48.5
289.2
870.3
540.6

342.7
73.8
287.1
169.5
2,073.4
295.3
204.7
49.5
290.3
875.4
541.2

342.8
73.7
287.2
169.4
2,068.3
295.4
207.7
49.4
289.9
873.7
540.3

341.2
73.8
284.5
169.4
2,067.9
295.7
205.8
49.4
290.8
884.9
541.0

341.9
74.4
281.1
168.7
2,069.5
295.4
208.2
49.5
290.9
878.2
539.9

342.6
74.0
292.3
168.6
2,071.3
293.4
207.1
50.1
289.1
884.7
538.8

341.0
73.2
293.6
167.1
2,081.3
295.6
211.6
49.8
296.6
890.6
532.6

339.4
73.9
289 3
167.3
2,078.8
297.3
212.0
49 6
291.1
895.9
533.5

Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland

110.8
88.3
752.3
386.9
221.2
232.9
273.5
343.3
96.1
413.9

111.2
87.8
766.6
387.6
222.0
227.1
276.2
343.7
95.6
412.6

111.5
87.5
773.0
388.5
222.4
227.6
276.0
328.8
94.9
413.8

111.5
87.8
771.0
388.9
224.8
228.6
275.9
329.5
94.6
413.6

112.1
87.3
770.5
388.5
222.0
228.6
276.4
330.8
94.4
413.5

111.4
87.0
770.9
386.2
222.4
228.6
273.2
334.9
94.9
416.8

112.2
88.4
773.5
388.6
220.9
230.2
277.3
335.7
95.4
416.6

112.5
87.8
769.7
388.7
223.5
231.1
277.6
336.4
95.8
416.5

112.6
87.7
767.6
388.9
222.6
232.6
276.7
331.4
94.6
417.2

113.3
88.6
771.6
388.9
222.8
231.0
273.8
329.6
94.4
416.3

112.2
87.5
765.8
391.6
221.8
233.7
280.0
336.7
94.0
415.6

111.0
88.0
756.1
388.8
222.1
234.6
279.7
346.1
93.2
412.7

111.4
87.5
759.0
388.5
225.0
228 9
280.1
348.4
94 0
4122

Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New HamDshire
New Jersev

376.2
644.5
347.6
213.8
372.4
74.6
147.9
87.3
71.0
575.5

373.4
636.2
346.1
210.5
371.8
74.1
147.0
90.5
71.9
567.9

374.7
643.2
349.2
211.0
373.3
73.7
146.8
86.5
71.9
568.9

375.1
644.9
349.9
211.3
374.0
73.8
151.1
90.6
72.1
569.3

373.4
642.7
348.9
212.0
374.3
74.0
145.8
87.1
72.2
568.9

371.9
641.6
349.4
211.9
372.5
73.9
147.1
87.4
71.2
569.1

373.3
639.6
349.2
214.0
374.8
74.2
147.0
87.0
72.7
568.7

374.6
638.8
351.0
212.6
375.1
74.2
146.9
88.6
72.4
568.6

375.7
640.2
349.7
213.7
377.0
74.0
146.7
88.7
72.6
566.9

374.7
643.4
350.5
214.4
377.2
73.5
146.1
89.0
71.8
569.0

372.8
640.5
351.0
214.7
378.2
74.2
144.4
92.4
72.5
570.1

374.0
630.8
351.2
214.3
377.2
74.2
147.9
89.1
73.7
561.1

37A 2
625 4
352.1
220.7
373 6
73 0
148.9
90.5
72 9
561.2

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina

155.2
1,445.1
510.6
67.6
734.7
275.7
231.0
696.5
61.6
292.7

155.7
1,428.5
510.7
67.3
734.0
269.1
231.4
696.3
61.7
292.4

155.8
1,424.0
508.7
67.5
735.0
269.0
230.6
696.5
61.8
292.7

160.6
1,426.5
508.2
67.5
733.4
268.3
237.5
696.9
62.4
301.0

156.5
1,424.1
510.5
67.5
733.5
268.5
231.8
695.6
61.8
292.8

157.0
1,424.4
513.8
67.9
734.8
269.6
232.1
696.1
61.3
296.9

157.2
1,420.2
514.0
67.9
734.3
267.9
232.6
697.8
61.0
294.8

157.9
1,421.5
513.0
67.6
733.3
266.1
232.8
697.2
61.5
295.7

157.6
1,419.6
513.4
67.5
733.4
267.1
232.5
696.1
60.7
296.6

159.7
1,421.0
514.7
67.4
733.9
267.7
232.0
700.2
62.0
295.0

158.4
1,418.0
513.6
66.2
734.7
270.6
233.0
700.5
62.0
295.8

158.8
1,431.6
519.9
67.3
728.0
283.8
231.9
698.4
61.3
297.7

159.4
1,428.8
516.6
67.3
733 7
275 8
233.4
693 8
61 9
298.1

South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virainia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

65.5
353.6
1,361.4
156.9
43.2
588.8
422.2
132.5
359.1
56.9

65.8
353.9
1,340.5
157.8
43.0
591.0
425.0
131.0
359.7
56.7

65.7
354.5
1,344.3
158.3
43.3
593.3
426.4
131.2
358.4
56.8

66.5
355.3
1,343.8
158.3
43.5
593.8
427.2
131.3
360.3
57.4

65.7
355.1
1,346.4
158.6
43.1
593.9
427.9
131.8
358.7
57.1

65.6
355.0
1,358.0
157.6
43.9
594.4
428.1
131.5
359.9
57.2

65.6
355.1
1,361.6
158.0
43.4
594.6
425.7
131.4
361.7
57.2

65.2
355.7
1,367.5
156.6
42.9
594.4
428.4
132.1
360.7
57.2

64.8
355.4
1,367.9
156.9
43.4
593.8
429.7
132.6
358.9
56.7

64.8
355.7
1,367.9
157.6
43.5
591.2
426.9
132.4
363.5
56.6

65.6
354 8
1,369.6
159 1
43.2
591.4
429.5
133.3
362.2
57.4

65.4
354 5
1,368.4
159 1
43.1
594 3
428.0
131.6
362.2
57.0

66.5
355 8
1 374 7
160 0
42.9
590 7
425.9
132.8
361.5
55.9

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia

1
2

•• .

• ••

Includes mining, not shown separately.
Mining is combined with construction.




P = preliminary.
NOTE: All State data have been adjusted to March 1992 benchmarks.

105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993"

1.679.8
428.5
140.0
190.6
138.9
64.9

1,687.0
433.9
139.5
192.2
141.8
67.1

1,683.3
431.7
139.2
191.6
141.9
67.9

2.5

2.5

263.6
118.3

268.3
120.4

268.1
121.0

11.1
3.4

10.6
3.3

1,494.7
972.7
258.4

1,517.2
990.3
261.9

1,522.3
992.6
263.6

12.8
.8
2.3

963.5
58.7
83.3
264.3
33.6

972.4
60.3
83.3
265.8
33.3

979.9
60.9
83.0
267.6
33.4

12,068.5
1,114.0
170.5
229.7
3,777.0
126.1
856.9
223.1
708.0
620.9
110.1
935.8
915.0
788.0
141.5
140.1
162.5
141.3

11,936.8
1,105.8
172.4
229.3
3,719.9
125.4
851.0
222.2
703.5
621.2
110.1
929.9
910.1
773.3
138.8
139.1
157.9
140.4

11,908.5
1,102.5
172.2
230.6
3,711.0
127.2
847.3
219.3
700.2
618.1
109.7
927.8
908.8
772.4
137.9
139.7
159.7
139.7

34.8
1.2
11.9
.6
8.0

33.1
1.0
11.1
.5
8.0

33.1
1.0
11.2
.4
8.0

3.2
1.9
1.3
.8
.3
.5
.6
.2
.9
.6
.1
.5

3.1
1.8
1.3
.7
.3
.5
.6
.2
1.0
.6
.1
.4

3.2
1.8
1.3
.7
.3
.5
.6
.2
1.0
.6
.1
.4

Colorado
Roiilrier—Lonomont
Denver

1,603.0
125.4
877.2

1,639.9
130.4
898.7

1,644.6
130.2
900.4

16.6

15.8

15.7

8.4

8.1

Connecticut
Bridaenort-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

1,504.8
175.7
422.5
59.4
233.2
113.9
80.4

1,483.4
174.6
415.8
58.7
231.0
113.3
80.8

1,474.4
173.7
407.8
58.2
228.1
112.1
80.6

.9

348.2
286.4

350.6
287.3

349.5
285.8

.1
.2

District of Columbia
Washinaton MSA

675.2
2,181.2

696.4
2,221.2

673.8
2,187.2

Florida
Davtnna Beach
Fnrt i ai irifirdale-Hollvwood-PomDano Beach
Fort Mvers-CaDe Coral
Gainesville
lack^onville
..
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bav
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando

5,259.0
121.9
500.4
120.6
99.3
416.2
144.9
161.4
849.5
568.6
131.6
111.6
123.7
853.2
342.2

5,386.2
126.2
520.8
126.7
103.3
422.1
148.1
160.5
871.4
586.5
133.3
114.0
127.0
862.9
347.6

5,389.4
125.8
522.6
126.3
101.4
422.4
147.3
160.7
873.6
586.4
133.5
113.6
127.8
866.5
348.2

Alabama
Birminaham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

.

Alaska
Anchorage
Arizona
Phoenix

Arkansas
Favetteville-SDrinadale
Fort Smith
1 ittle Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim—Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
I o^ Anoeles—Lono Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside—San Bernardino
Salinas-Seaside-Monterov
San Diego
^anta Barbara-Santa Maria-LomDOC
Stockton
Valleio-Fairfield-NaDa

Wilminaton

Tamnfl Qt Patflrshuro—Clearwater
Wo«t Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delrav Beach
See footnotes at end of table.

106



•

Aug.
1992

Aug.
1993?

July
1993
10.7
5.0

10.5
4.9

10.7
5.1

Aug.
1993*

2.5

78 2
23.2
4.8
13.8
6.7
3.4

78 7
23 2
4.8
14.1
6.6
3.4

10.6
3.3

13.5
7.0

14.1
7.7

14.7
8.0

12.4
.8
1.9

12.4
.8
1.9

85.3
56.0
14.8

88.5
58 5
16.7

90.2
60 0
168

3.7

3.7

.9

.9

40.3
2.3
2.8
12.0
1.0

41 1
2.5
2.9
12.3
.9

41 1
2.4
2.9
12.0
g

492.7
49.3
9.3
11.6
107.4
6.6
42.0
10.5
41.7
31.4
3.9
44.6
28.8
28.6
6.1
8.7
6.6
10.5

470.6
44.2
9.6
11.3
101.4
6.4
42.1
10.5
39.3
29.8
3.8
41.3
28.7
27.8
5.0
8.5
6.7
9.9

477.6
44.9
96
11 5
102.3
63
42 4
10.8
39.9
30 7
3.8
41 6
29 4
28.3
5.1
8.6
6.6
10.1

81.1
4.6
44.5

89.4
4.9
52.7

88 6
5.0
52.2

.9

52.7
5.3
13.3
4.0
9.2
3.2
2.8

48.5
5.1
12.5
3.7
8.5
2.8
2.4

49.1
5.2
12.9
3.6
8.9
2.7
2.4

.1
.2

.1
.2

19.6
16.2

20.5
15.1

20.6
15.3

.1
.6

.1
.6

.1
.6

9.1
99.4

9.3
97.7

9.4
98.2

7.1

5.8

5.9

.2

.2

.2

262.9
6.2
26.2
9.8
3.8
22.6
6.9
7.2
29.7
29.4
7.4
7.0
53
41.0
18.4

277.2
6.4
30.2
11.7
3.9
23.1
6.6
7.4
40.6
29.1
7.3
7.1
5.1
39.4
19.7

279.2
6.5
30.0
11.5
3.7
23.1
6.5
7.4
40.9
29.2
7.6
7.2
5.2
39.9
19.7

V)

O

0)

3.6

O

0)
.8

0)
0

V)

9.0

O

.9
(*)

0

0)

(*)
V)
V)

(2)
(1)

(1)
0)

0)

(2)
/2\
I2\

2

/2\
/2\

l2\

C)

/2\

2.3

3.2

2.3

.6
/2\
/2\
/2\

ft

July
1993

78.2
22.8
4.8
13.4
6.7
3.3

C)

0
0)

Aug.
1992

c

(2)
(2)
(z)
(2)

5

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufactunn 9

Transportation and
IDublic utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993p

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993^

383.4
54.3
32.0
27.8
16.6
9.9

376.2
53.2
30.5
27.8
17.3
10.5

380.1
53.0
31.1
27.9
17.6
10.6

83.2
31.0
3.2
11.2
5.8
2.2

83.2
30.7
3.3
10.8
5.8
2.2

83.2
30.6
3.3
10.7
5.8
2.2

370.1
104.0
26.4
49.3
31.7
14.2

370.6
104.4
26.7
49.7
32.2
14.4

371.8
105.1
26.7
49.4
32.3
14.5

24.3
2.4

26.4
2.4

24.3
2.3

24.6
12.9

24.9
12.8

25.0
12.9

51.1
27.2

52.5
27.6

52.6
27.7

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

172.0
127.6
23.9

170.7
127.4
23.9

171.4
127.7
23.9

82.0
57.4
10.7

78.3
53.8
11.2

78.1
53.8
11.2

371.6
241.9
63.2

378.0
246.5
63.9

378.9
247.6
63.7

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

237.8
14.3
24.7
33.4
7.2

243.3
15.4
25.9
33.8
7.0

243.2
15.3
25.7
33.7
7.1

55.9
4.4
5.1
17.3
2.2

56.4
4.7
5.4
17.3
2.2

56.6
4.6
5.5
17.4
2.2

216.3
13.6
17.1
62.5
7.1

218.2
13.8
16.8
62.5
7.0

220.3
13.8
16.9
63.3
7.0

1,905.9
217.5
10.9
27.7
712.3
31.5
109.8
31.5
86.3
44.8
9.1
122.0
76.0
237.6
18.8
20.6
28.3
13.7

1,807.1
210.0
10.4
27.7
657.5
29.8
104.6
30.7
83.3
43.0
10.0
115.6
75.4
226.8
18.2
20.0
26.8
13.2

1,817.3
209.1
10.5
28.4
656.4
31.5
104.4
31.0
83.1
42.8
10.0
115.1
75.8
228.4
17.9
20.6
28.5
13.2

608.2
35.5
8.5
12.3
202.8
5.3
53.8
10.6
36.1
29.2
5.1
35.0
78.5
22.3
5.4
5.8
10.8
5.6

602.2
36.4
8.5
12.2
198.5
5.7
53.7
10.2
36.3
29.0
5.1
34.9
76.6
22.9
4.9
5.9
10.6
6.1

600.3
36.5
8.4
12.3
197.6
5.5
53.8
10.3
35.9
28.9
5.0
34.9
76.5
22.6
4.8
5.9
10.7
6.2

2,824.7
278.4
41.7
56.9
852.5
30.3
201.7
53.4
183.0
142.1
29.0
218.9
195.1
156.9
33.2
36.0
38.3
34.8

2,774.5
274.6
41.2
56.2
839.4
30.5
199.6
52.6
182.4
142.0
28.5
213.9
191.9
153.7
32.8
35.3
38.0
35.1

2,770.0
273.7
41.4
56.1
838.2
30.5
199.2
52.1
182.1
141.4
28.6
214.5
191.6
152.9
32.5
35.1
38.1
34.9

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

186.2
28.3
91.1

183.4
28.5
89.0

184.4
28.8
89.0

99.8
3.1
71.8

102.2
3.2
73.5

102.7
3.3
73.8

391.4
27.3
213.0

399.6
28.3
217.6

402.5
28.1
218.2

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

300.9
45.8
68.6
16.1
42.0
17.1
17.8

285.6
44.7
61.8
15.0
40.9
16.7
16.5

282.7
45.0
58.9
15.1
40.7
16.6
16.9

66.0
6.9
16.8
2.4
15.8
5.1
3.3

64.4
6.7
15.7
2.2
15.8
4.8
3.2

64.1
6.6
15.5
2.1
15.8
4.8
3.3

330.6
39.7
90.3
12.4
49.1
26.2
16.0

321.8
38.2
89.0
12.9
47.5
26.3
16.1

320.6
38.1
88.2
12.6
46.8
26.1
15.9

Delaware
Wilmington

68.3
57.2

66.0
54.9

65.9
55.1

13.9
15.8

14.4
16.1

14.2
15.9

78.4
57.8

78.6
58.0

78.1
57.4

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

13.9
79.3

13.8
78.7

13.7
78.2

23.4
104.1

23.3
102.8

23.2
102.4

54.2
409.1

53.5
407.5

52.4
405.0

478.1
11.4
39.3
5.3
5.6
33.5
19.5
28.8
83.4
46.8
11.1
7.4
4.2
85.1
31.3

477.2
11.1
40.4
5.3
5.9
34.0
20.6
28.2
84.2
45.7
11.1
7.3
4.2
83.6
29.1

479.0
11.1
41.0
5.4
6.0
34.3
20.6
28.1
84.3
45.5
11.1
7.2
4.3
83.9
30.0

272.8
3.8
24.3
5.7
2.1
30.9
7.3
4.6
67.4
32.8
6.1
3.7
3.2
39.6
13.9

278.2
3.8
26.1
5.8
2.1
30.5
7.3
4.7
70.8
34.6
6.1
3.7
3.1
39.0
14.8

277.0
3.8
26.1
5.8
2.1
30.2
7.2
4.7
70.6
34.7
6.1
3.7
3.1
39.2
14.8

1,393.5
35.6
144.9
33.6
21.0
108.8
40.8
35.9
226.0
144.2
32.1
31.0
26.4
226.3
91.8

1,419.6
36.4
148.7
35.3
21.4
109.7
42.3
35.7
229.7
147.6
32.4
31.8
27.5
227.0
93.2

1,420.6
36.4
149.6
35.1
21.7
109.5
42.0
35.8
229.6
148.2
32.6
31.5
27.7
228.0
93.0

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ...
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach ..
See footnotes at end of table.




107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993*

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993*

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

74.3
30.5
4.1
7.9
8.3
2.1

75.5
31.3
4.3
8.0
8.0
2.3

75.7
31.2
4.3
8.0
8.2
2.3

348.7
114.1
36.8
48.8
33.8
10.0

355.4
117.5
36.7
50.2
34.7
10.7

354.9
117.1
36.5
50.4
35.1
10.7

331.4
66.9
32.7
32.2
36.0
20.7

337.2
68.6
33.2
31.9
37.1
21.1

328.2
66.4
32.5
31.1
36.3
21.7

Alaska
Anchorage

11.1
6.8

11.0
6.8

11.1
6.8

57.5
31.0

58.5
31.8

58.6
31.7

70.4
27.6

70.3
28.0

71.2
28.3

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

94.6
75.0
11.6

95.7
75.7
11.6

95.7
75.7
11.8

423.7
284.5
77.5

435.2
292.2
79.4

434.5
291.4
79.6

252.7
129.5
54.4

258.4
135.4
53.3

261.2
135.6
54.7

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

39.4
1.7
2.6
16.1
1.2

39.8
1.8
2.6
16.3
1.2

39.9
1.8
2.6
16.3
1.2

214.9
12.2
22.2
73.6
7.5

217.7
12.3
21.2
74.2
7.7

219.8
12.6
20.8
74.6
7.7

155.3
10.2
8.0
49.4
7.4

152.2
9.8
7.6
49.4
7.3

155.3
10.4
7.7
50.3
7.3

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

790.4
94.4
5.9
13.3
252.1
5.0
58.0
12.1
30.7
42.7
6.3
61.2
102.5
31.4
7.7
9.7
9.0
5.2

782.6
92.7
5.7
13.0
247.6
5.0
56.8
12.4
30.4
43.5
6.5
60.7
102.9
30.9
7.6
9.6
8.8
4.9

783.0
92.4
5.7
13.1
247.5
5.1
56.7
12.3
30.4
43.7
6.5
60.7
103.0
31.2
7.6
9.5
8.8
4.9

3,428.8
321.1
40.9
57.5
1,128.2
26.5
228.7
60.9
181.8
149.8
28.6
286.2
305.3
224.1
42.5
37.0
34.5
34.7

3,457.0
326.7
41.1
58.3
1,143.5
26.5
231.0
61.2
182.4
151.0
28.6
291.7
306.8
225.0
42.1
37.9
34.8
35.5

3,458.9
326.3
41.4
57.6
1,142.3
26.7
230.5
61.1
182.5
150.8
28.5
292.2
306.5
223.7
42.2
37.8
34.8
35.5

1,983.0
116.6
41.4
49.8
513.7
20.9
159.7
42.2
147.1
180.1
27.8
167.4
128.2
86.9
26.9
21.7
34.9
36.3

2,009.7
120.2
44.8
50.1
524.0
21.5
160.1
42.8
148.1
182.2
27.3
171.3
127.2
86.0
27.2
21.3
32.1
35.3

1,968.3
118.6
44.0
51.2
518.7
21.6
157.1
39.9
145.0
179.1
27.0
168.3
125.4
85.1
26.8
21.6
32.1
34.5

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

101.0
4.5
67.7

104.5
4.8
69.6

104.7
4.8
69.8

451.8
36.5
250.4

466.5
38.1
256.3

469.2
38.3
257.9

275.1
21.1
129.7

278.5
22.6
131.6

276.8
21.9
131.4

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

143.9
10.4
71.0
4.0
15.4
13.9
4.3

140.2
10.3
69.8
4.1
14.3
13.6
4.6

140.0
10.3
69.5
4.0
14.1
13.5
4.5

419.9
49.3
105.4
13.6
70.6
38.8
24.1

424.6
50.5
107.9
14.3
72.1
39.0
25.2

422.0
50.3
107.0
14.2
70.5
38.8
24.9

189.9
18.3
57.1
6.9
31.1
9.6
12.1

197.4
19.1
59.1
31.9
10.1
12.8

195.0
18.2
55.8
6.6
31.3
9.6
12.7

33.8
29.7

34.2
30.6

34.3
30.6

87.2
73.5

88.6
75.0

88.8
74.7

46.9
36.0

48.2
37.4

47.5
36.6

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

33.7
128.7

31.6
126.9

31.4
126.6

254.7
769.6

255.2
785.5

253.6
781.7

286.1
590.4

309.6
621.5

290.0
594.5

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach .
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

353.2
5.3
39.6
8.0
4.6
44.8
7.7
5.1
62.6
34.1
5.3
7.6
5.2
62.9
25.6

355.6
5.5
38.9
7.7
4.4
44.6
7.6
5.2
63.7
35.5
5.2
7.6
5.1
63.3
26.2

357.0
5.5
38.9
7.8
4.4
44.8
7.7
5.3
64.0
35.7
5.2
7.6
5.2
63.6
26.0

1,681.0
38.8
157.7
38.6
26.4
116.3
37.5
55.6
260.6
218.9
40.4
42.1
30.0
289.1
117.1

1,738.1
40.4
166.3
41.0
27.1
120.1
38.8
54.5
262.6
229.4
41.8
43.5
30.0
299.8
119.3

1,738.4
40.3
166.7
41.0
27.2
120.2
38.6
54.8
264.7
228.6
41.8
43.5
30.1
301.1
119.5

810.4
20.8
68.2
19.5
35.7
58.9
22.0
24.2
119.2
62.2
28.8
12.8
49.2
108.7
44.1

834.5
22.6
70.0
19.8
38.4
59.7
22.6
24.8
119.3
64.4
29.1
13.0
51.8
110.3
45.3

832.3
22.2
70.1
19.6
36.2
59.9
22.4
24.6
119.0
64.3
28.7
12.9
52.0
110.4
45.2

Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

108




6.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

(Construction

Mining

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

2,994.1
50.4
66.9
1,508.6
180.9
96.5
125.2
115.9

3,070.3
51.0
68.8
1,574.7
180.0
98.9
125.8
120.0

3,079.7
51.0
69.0
1,580.7
179.7
97.9
126.2
119.4

Hawaii
Honolulu

535.9
411.3

531.7
407.7

Idaho

422.5
120.0

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond

Aug.
1992

July
1993

7.6

Aug.
1993P

7.4

Aug.
1992

7.5

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

(2)

(2)

(2)

122.9
2.7
2.4
62.5
12.0
3.7
3.9
6.8

527.6
404.5

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

30.9
23.8

31.3
23.3

30.9
23.1

429.6
125.5

430.1
126.6

2.6

(1)

(1)

(1)

25.3
8.1

25.6
8.6

26.3
9.0

5,195.3
154.5
68.7
88.9
3,091.1
166.3
55.6
117.8
40.1
239.5
153.3
137.4
115.0

5,248.6
156.3
68.2
87.4
3,144.6
166.9
54.9
118.3
38.9
242.6
153.2
136.3
109.2

5,256.6
156.4
68.9
84.9
3,146.4
166.9
54.8
118.0
38.9
241.6
153.4
136.9
115.2

18.9
(1)
1
()
(1)
1.6
(1)
1
()
(1)

15.3
(1)
1
()

15.2
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

O
(11)
(1)
(1)
()

01
(1)
()
01
()

222.3
8.8
2.6
3.5
120.2
8.6
3.7
9.6
1.9
11.8
8.3
5.6
5.6

214.0
8.3
2.4
3.2
118.4
8.4
3.4
9.3
1.9
11.9
7.4
5.6
5.2

218.0
8.3
2.3
3.3
119.5
8.4
3.3
9.4
2.0
11.9
7.4
5.5
5.2

2,541.8
49.4
54.5
101.5
139.5
202.3
246.2
681.8
47.4
67.6
54.1
117.3
60.0

2,552.7
48.8
56.2
104.1
140.4
203.6
240.0
687.8
48.6
69.0
54.4
117.2
58.3

2,564.5
48.8
54.3
104.5
141.0
204.9
239.9
688.1
48.8
70.1
54.3
117.9
58.2

119.2
1.5
3.0
3.1
8.3
9.8
16.1
35.8
1.2
3.0
2.2
7.0
3.6

121.5
1.8
3.6
3.2
8.2
10.1
14.2
34.9
1.2
3.0
2.7
6.5
3.1

122.0
1.8
3.6
3.1
8.7
10.1
14.5
34.7
1.1
3.1
2.6
6.8
3.0

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

1,245.8
95.4
241.2
46.7
56.5
57.4
71.1

1,246.1
94.8
240.0
46.4
56.4
58.1
71.7

1,251.6
95.4
242.6
46.6
57.3
57.9
71.5

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,109.8
38.2
92.5
245.0

1,122.4
36.5
92.5
240.9

1,117.8
38.0
92.9
240.0

1.7

1.7

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville

1,513.5
207.3
496.4
37.8

1,528.0
211.4
503.3
37.8

1,531.3
212.2
503.2
38.2

30.0
.2
.6
.5

27.3
.2
.6
.5

1,624.0
47.3
249.5
56.6
101.0
72.2
60.7
537.2
138.8

1,630.1
47.9
251.7
58.8
100.6
73.2
61.0
534.3
140.9

1,627.2
48.2
249.7
58.3
101.1
72.3
60.8
533.1
141.1

46.5
.1
.8
4.4
10.6
.9
.4
13.7
2.7

44.0
.1
.9
4.6
10.5
.9
.4
12.5
2.6

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Boise City

Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

Owensboro
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

(2)

(2)
.1
1.1
.5
.1
.1

2.7

O

1.8

2.3

.6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

133.4
3.2
2.3
73.9
12.7
3.6
3.6
5.7

135.0
3.2
2.4
75.3
12.6
3.6
3.7
5.6

.4

.4

2.3

2.3

54.1
5.2
10.7
2.0
2.0
3.1
3.2

54.0
4.8
10.2
1.9
2.1
3.5
3.1

55.0
5.1
10.6
1.9
2.1
3.5
3.1

8.4

1.7

47.3
1.7
3.9
12.1

48.8
1.4
3.9
12.4

49.4
1.4
4.0
12.4

27.0
.2
.6
.5

74.6
11.5
24.1
2.5

74.6
12.1
24.9
2.4

74.6
12.0
25.1
2.4

43.8
.1
.9
4.9
10.4
.9
.4
12.3
2.7

101.0
3.0
31.0
3.2
5.4
8.8
3.4
23.4
7.1

99.9
3.3
30.5
3.4
5.2
9.4
3.5
22.9
6.9

99.8
3.2
30.0
3.4
5.3
9.2
3.5
23.0
7.0

(1)
(1)

V)
(1)
(11)
()

o1
()
8.9

1.5

(1)
(1)

0
0)
(1)
(1)

V)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()
O
(1)

1.5

6.6

V)
(11)
()

.7

0
01
(1)
()

1.6

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

.4

01
()

6.6

01
()

.7

O
O
(11)
()

1.6

(1)

(1)
(1)

.1
1.0
.5
.1
.1

2.5

7.4
(1)
(1)

0)

(2)
.1
1.0
.5
.1
.1

8.2
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

See footnotes at end of table.




109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing}

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993?

545.1
7.8
14.7
171.3
42.5
20.0
17.8
16.6

546.2
7.5
15.0
172.9
41.8
20.9
18.7
17.5

547.3
7.5
15.0
174.3
41.9
20.1
18.6
17.2

197.9
2.5
1.8
132.7
5.1
3.4
4.9
10.1

203.4
2.5
1.8
135.4
5.0
3.7
4.8
10.9

204.0
2.5
1.8
136.2
5.0
3.7
4.8
10.8

752.1
12.4
16.0
414.3
38.9
21.2
29.7
27.8

775.3
12.6
17.3
437.1
38.7
21.7
29.8
29.0

778.1
127
172
437 9
38 4
21.5
30.3
28.9

Hawaii
Honolulu

19.7
14.3

18.9
13.7

18.7
13.5

43.2
35.6

41.5
34.0

41.0
33.7

135.1
101.4

134.3
101.2

132.5
99.8

Idaho
Boise City

67.5
18.3

70.3
20.4

70.2
20.5

20.6
6.1

20.4
6.1

20.7
6.1

107.9
30.0

110.1
29.9

109.7
30.2

930.2
38.8
7.2
9.9
509.9
27.1
14.4
21.5
6.4
51.3
32.5
42.4
4.0

924.3
38.7
7.2
10.4
513.2
26.7
13.5
21.4
6.3
52.1
31.9
40.1
3.9

926.0
38.7
7.3
10.2
514.2
26.7
13.6
21.4
6.4
52.1
31.8
40.5
4.0

300.6
3.6
3.0
2.4
199.4
7.7
4.8
9.3
1.5
7.7
7.8
4.7
5.0

299.9
3.5
2.9
2.4
199.3
7.8
4.8
9.2
1.6
7.7
7.7
4.8
4.9

299.3
3.5
3.0
2.4
199.8
7.8
4.8
9.2
1.5
7.9
7.8
4.8
5.0

1,232.4
38.2
16.1
19.6
726.5
49.8
11.9
26.8
9.6
63.7
36.0
30.8
26.1

1,250.1
38 8
15.9
19.7
739 8
49.5
12.1
27 3
9.4
63.9
36.3
31.0
24.4

1,255.9
391
16.0
19.9
743 9
49.9
12.1
27 2
95
64.1
36.6
31 0
26.4

632.6
15.0
9.2
52.4
31.6
51.3
53.9
108.7
19.0
14.7
10.8
20.4
11.2

631.9
13.4
9.0
53.9
32.7
51.7
52.2
111.1
19.0
14.9
10.5
21.2
11.6

635.2
13.4
9.0
54.1
32.0
52.2
52.3
111.1
19.1
15.0
10.6
21.1
11.6

130.9
1.1
1.6
2.7
6.6
13.8
17.9
41.5
1.4
2.1
4.2
5.5
2.6

129.8
1.2
1.7
2.5
6.8
13.9
17.2
41.1
1.4
2.3
4.1
5.4
2.4

130.8
1.2
1.7
2.6
6.7
14.0
17.5
41.2
1.3
2.3
4.1
5.5
2.4

603.7
11.4
12.2
19.3
35.5
49.4
59.6
175.3
10.3
13.9
12.2
29.9
16.8

602.1
11.4
13.2
19.8
34.9
48.0
59.1
180.7
10.6
13.9
12.3
30.3
17.1

603.0
11.3
130
199
34.8
48 3
591
181.1
10.7
14.2
12.4
30.4
17.2

232.0
20.6
24.8
12.6
4.4
11.2
16.2

230.8
20.5
23.0
12.7
4.4
11.8
16.1

233.4
20.5
25.0
12.8
4.4
11.7
15.9

55.0
5.5
12.0
1.8
1.6
3.4
1.9

54.2
5.4
12.1
1.8
1.5
3.5
1.9

54.3
5.4
12.3
1.8
1.6
3.5
1.9

321.9
22.8
63.4
10.9
10.9
14.5
17.5

322.3
23.4
63.7
11.1
10.8
14.1
17.9

323.3
22.9
63.1
11.1
10.7
14.3
17.8

181.5
4.8
9.1
59.7

180.9
4.8
9.3
56.8

180.1
4.7
9.3
56.7

64.9
.9
6.0
11.7

66.0
1.0
6.5
11.6

65.5
1.1
6.5
11.6

273.2
9.2
20.7
57.0

279.6
9.0
20.7
55.5

278.1
9.1
20.9
55.3

Kentucky
Lexinoton—Favette
Louisville
Owensboro

289.5
33.0
88.7
6.4

292.0
33.8
88.2
6.4

292.6
34.0
88.8
6.3

82.6
8.7
33.2
2.1

83.3
8.7
33.7
2.0

83.2
8.6
33.7
2.0

357.9
46.5
119.9
9.5

362.5
48.0
122.0
9.6

362.9
48.0
121 7
9.6

Louisiana

186.6
3.3
23.8
4.8
9.6
10.8
8.0
44.8
17.2

184.4
3.3
23.4
4.7
9.5
10.8
7.7
42.6
16.5

185.7
3.3
23.3
4.7
9.5
10.9
7.8
42.8
17.3

104.9
2.3
11.5
5.5
5.9
4.3
2.9
40.1
8.0

104.7
2.5
11.8
5.6
6.0
4.7
3.0
40.0
8.1

104.3
2.6
11.8
5.7
6.0
4.7
3.0
39.4
7.9

380.1
10.5
53.9
14.7
26.5
16.2
15.1
137.0
32.9

380.9
10.5
54.5
15.1
26.3
16.4
15.2
136.5
34.5

380.9
106
54 8
14.9
26.4
16.3
15.2
136 4
34.3

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Auousta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Illinois
Aurora—Eloin
Bloominaton-Normal
f*hflmnaion—Urbana—Rantoul
Davenoort-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
•
joiiet
Kankakee
Lake Countv
Peoria
Rnrkford
Qnrinafield
Indidnd
Flkhart-Goshen
Fr>rt Wavne
fiarv—Hammond
IndianaDolis
Kokomo
1 afavette-West Lafavette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Tprre Haute
Iowa
Pedar Ranids

Iowa Citv
Sioux Citv
Waterloo Cedar Falls
Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

Lafayette
Lake Charles
New Orleans
Shreveport

See footnotes at end of table.

110




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993"

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

163.5
2.1
2.1
106.3
6.3
6.7
7.6
4.3

165.7
2.0
2.1
106.9
6.5
7.3
8.2
4.2

165.6
2.0
2.1
106.9
6.5
7.2
8.2
4.2

683.3
11.2
11.3
403.2
40.6
22.0
27.0
32.0

716.6
11.8
11.0
428.2
40.2
22.0
26.9
34.1

720.8
11.8
11.2
430.6
40.4
22.2
26.7
34.2

521.7
11.7
18.5
217.2
35.0
19.4
34.2
18.3

522.3
11.4
19.2
219.3
34.6
19.6
33.7
18.6

521.4
11.3
19.2
218.5
34.4
19.5
33.8
18.5

Hawaii
Honolulu

37.9
31.2

38.0
31.4

38.2
31.5

162.5
118.4

160.9
118.2

159.2
116.9

106.6
86.6

106.8
85.9

107.1
86.0

Idaho
Boise City

21.9
8.9

22.6
9.3

22.5
9.3

93.0
28.2

94.6
30.5

95.3
30.8

83.6
20.4

83.5
20.7

82.8
20.7

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline..
Decatur
«
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

380.4
9.7
12.2
3.3
266.2
8.1
2.4
4.4
1.8
15.4
8.6
6.3
8.0

383.4
9.5
12.2
3.3
269.3
8.0
2.5
4.5
1.8
15.4
8.6
6.3
8.1

383.6
9.5
12.3
3.4
269.5
8.0
2.5
4.5
1.7
15.4
8.6
6.3
8.1

1,400.0
39.6
17.3
18.9
904.6
40.7
12.8
29.5
11.8
61.3
44.1
35.8
33.1

1,435.7
41.0
17.5
19.3
927.5
42.1
12.8
29.7
11.0
61.7
44.9
36.3
30.8

1,442.9
40.9
17.3
19.2
932.3
41.9
12.8
29.7
10.9
62.1
44.9
36.5
33.4

710.5
15.8
10.3
31.3
362.7
24.3
5.6
16.7
7.1
28.3
16.0
11.8
33.2

725.9
16.5
10.1
29.1
375.5
24.4
5.8
16.9
6.9
29.9
16.4
12.2
31.9

715.7
16.4
10.7
26.5
365.6
24.2
5.7
16.6
6.9
28.1
16.3
12.3
33.1

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

129.6
1.6
1.9
2.6
5.8
12.0
8.9
54.7
1.4
3.1
1.8
6.8
2.2

133.1
1.6
2.1
2.5
6.0
11.9
9.3
55.5
1.7
3.3
1.8
6.7
2.3

132.9
1.6
2.0
2.5
5.9
11.9
9.2
55.6
1.7
3.3
1.8
6.7
2.3

555.6
11.5
10.7
15.7
35.9
47.6
57.0
163.4
8.0
13.5
12.7
35.1
13.5

567.7
11.9
10.4
16.1
37.1
49.6
55.9
166.1
8.3
13.9
13.2
34.9
13.1

569.6
12.0
10.5
16.1
37.3
50.1
55.8
165.6
8.4
14.3
13.3
35.0
13.0

362.9
7.3
15.8
5.8
14.0
18.3
32.7
101.6
6.1
17.2
10.2
12.5
9.6

360.0
7.5
16.2
6.0
13.3
18.4
32.0
97.8
6.4
17.7
9.8
12.1
8.4

364.4
7.5
14.6
6.1
14.0
18.4
31.5
98.3
6.5
18.0
9.4
12.4
8.3

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

73.3
5.1
33.8
1.6
1.6
2.6
3.9

74.8
5.3
34.7
1.8
1.7
2.6
4.0

74.6
5.2
34.5
1.8
1.7
2.6
4.0

304.2
25.7
65.6
14.5
10.4
16.3
17.1

301.0
25.2
65.0
13.8
10.4
16.1
17.5

301.9
25.4
66.0
13.8
10.3
15.9
17.6

203.0
10.5
30.9
3.3
25.6
6.3
11.3

206.7
10.2
31.3
3.3
25.5
6.5
11.2

206.8
10.9
31.1
3.4
26.5
6.4
11.2

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

58.2
1.8
6.3
11.1

58.7
1.7
6.3
11.4

58.6
1.7
6.3
11.5

261.8
8.3
24.0
64.6

267.1
8.2
23.9
64.1

267.5
8.2
24.0
64.0

214.0
11.5
22.5
27.1

213.1
10.4
21.9
27.4

210.2
11.8
21.9
26.8

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

63.1
9.4
28.0
1.4

63.7
9.5
28.6
1.4

63.6
9.4
28.5
1.4

355.1
52.5
135.8
9.7

360.1
52.4
139.1
9.6

360.3
52.3
138.7
9.7

260.7
45.5
66.1
5.7

264.5
46.7
66.2
5.9

267.1
47.7
66.1
6.3

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

77.8
2.1
14.2
2.2
3.9
2.7
4.2
29.1
6.4

77.1
2.1
14.3
2.3
4.0
2.6
4.3
29.0
6.7

76.9
2.1
14.3
2.2
4.0
2.6
4.2
29.0
6.6

394.2
13.4
58.8
10.9
25.3
15.9
14.9
152.7
37.7

398.7
13.6
60.0
11.6
25.4
15.3
15.0
156.0
37.5

397.8
13.6
59.8
11.5
25.7
15.3
15.0
155.6
37.2

332.9
12.6
55.5
10.9
13.8
12.6
11.8
96.4
26.8

340.4
12.5
56.3
11.5
13.7
13.1
11.9
94.8
28.1

338.0
12.7
54.8
11.0
13.8
12.4
11.7
94.6
28.1

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

See footnotes at end of table.




Ill

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Constructior

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
19930

526.3
36.7
121.6

514.7
37.2
123.3

520.3
37.5
124.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

24.1
1.8
5.4

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore Citv
Suburban Marvland-D C

2,084.8
1,094.7
426.2
746.8

2,077.0
1,081.0
417.8
750.3

2,069.0
1,075.5
415.4
747.2

1.2
.2

1.2
.2

1.2
.2

123.7
58.6
13.2
52.1

1180
55.4
12.2
50.0

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River

2,766.7
1,535.9
62.7
48.6
36.0
149.7
91.4
58.9
38.3
211.8
181.0

2,757.1
1,538.1
61.8
47.4
35.5
147.5
89.3
58.7
39.4
208.6
181.0

2,755.3
1,533.0
62.1
48.1
35.6
147.6
89.0
58.9
39.5
207.7
180.1

1.2
.4

1.2
.3

1.2
.3

111
38.7
1.8
1.3
1.1
5.3
3.6
2.1
1.4
5.9
5.6

81.5
40 9
1.9
1.2
.9
5.1
3.6
1 8
1.5
5.3
5.5

82.9
41 9
1.9
1 2
.9
5.2
36
1 8
1 4
5.5
5.4

3,919.6
170.4
59.9
67.1
1,879.7
163.0
361.2
53.6
112.6
208.2
57.6
166.2

3,931.7
172.1
60.0
66.9
1,885.4
161.8
365.4
53.8
113.1
206.9
56.6
164.6

3,933.7
168.1
60.4
67.3
1,896.9
161.4
368.8
54.0
113.5
201.2
56.9
165.7

143.7
4.0
2.1
2.0
61.6
5.2
16.8
1.7
4.4
6.9
2.2
8.2

149.1
4.3
2.2
2.0
63.9
5.8
16.9
1.7
4.4
6.9
2.4
9.1

149.6
43
2.2
2.0
63.3
60
17.2
1 7
45
6.8
23
9.1

2,195.8
100.2
1,405.3
69.4
83.0

2,234.4
100.5
1,425.9
69.6
86.0

2,238.0
99.6
1,427.5
69.7
85.8

958.5
189.6

969.0
190.1

979.7
192.2

2,322.6
785.1
1,150.5
124.6

2,334.1
792.1
1,157.1
127.0

2,332.3
788.5
1,152.2
127.1

Montana

322.7

325.5

327.8

6.0

5.6

5.7

15.8

15.7

16.2

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

744.9
124.0
334.8

744.8
124.1
334.6

747.8
125.9
333.4

1.6

1.6

1.6

30.0
4.9
14.1

31.7
5.2
13.9

31.6
5.2
13.9

Nevada
Las Vegas

645.5
393.5
145.7

660.6
405.3
148.2

664.6
408.2
148.5

13.1
.3
.9

12.6
.3
.9

12.8
.3
.9

41.0
28.0
7.7

47.5
33.6
7.9

47.7
33.7
7.9

Naw Hamoshire
Manchester

488.8
75.4
82.0
106.4

487.9
75.9
83.2
106.4

491.4
76.8
83.2
106.9

.5

.5

.5

18.9
3.1
2.4
3.1

19.0
3.4
2.5
3.0

19.2
3.4
2.6
2.9

3,457.9
179.9
595.2
421.1
226.0
526.9
330.2
875.7
190.4
56.7

3,422.5
183.2
587.1
421.9
221.2
523.6
330.5
869.2
185.9
55.3

3,410.2
182.7
587.7
421.1
221.9
519.8
327.5
863.0
184.2
55.1

2.0

1.9

1.9

113.4
5.5
19.1
18.4
4.1
15.9
14.1
27.7
4.0
2.1

101.1
5.4
17.3
16.6
3.6
14.0
12.1
26.9
3.7
1.7

101 6
5.5
17.4
16.3
3.7
13.8
121
27 0
35
1.7

Maine
Portland

.

Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Snrinafield
Worcester
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Raoids
Jackson
Lansina-East Lansina
Muskeaon
Saainaw-Bav Citv-Midland
Minnesota
Duluth
MinneaDolis-St Paul
St Cloud
Mississippi

Missouri
Kansas City
St Louis
Springfield

•

Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester

Atlantic City
Beraen-Passaic
Jersey City
Mirlrilesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Newark
Vineland-Millville-Bridaeton
See footnotes at end of table.

112




••

0)

9

/2\
/2\
/2\

0)

/2\

.1
.2
.2

.1
.2
.2

8.8

8.8

.7

1.0

ft
(2)

.1
.2
.2

6.8

O

O

0)

1

O

()

1.0

0
(1)

o
7.0
4.2

5.1
.5
4.9

90.1
4.1
53.3
2.7
4.4

88 8
3.8
51.8
2.4
4.4

90 1
39
52.2
2.5
4.4

4.9
.5

5.0
.4

37.5
7.3

38.1
7.7

39 3
7.8

4.4

98.0
33.2
52.7
5.0

98.7
33.9
50.6
5.4

100 6
34.7
50.4
5.3

4.4
(1)

O

1

()

0
(

(1)

O

0)

0)

(1)

O
(1)
.6

(1)
.6

.6

.5

.5

.3

.3

1

()
(1)
.3

1177
55.5
12.0
49.8

7.1
4.6

C)

O

24 2
1 6
5.8

8.4
5.1

O

O

24.4
1 6
5.9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
Ixjblic utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

94.2
8.2
13.0

89.9
8.0
12.8

93.7
8.3
13.0

22.1
1.2
6.0

21.1
1.3
5.7

21.4
1.3
5.7

137.1
9.7
37.3

134.1
9.9
38.0

135.3
10.1
38.7

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

184.1
112.6
39.2
32.8

178.9
107.6
37.8
33.5

179.9
108.2
38.0
33.3

98.6
54.0
21.8
30.9

97.3
52.9
21.2
31.1

97.2
52.8
21.1
30.9

511.4
254.7
74.0
187.5

506.8
251.0
71.0
187.8

506.5
250.5
70.7
187.6

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

458.2
205.7
8.4
13.4
10.3
40.9
28.2
14.2
7.6
42.3
35.6

435.3
197.9
7.8
12.7
9.9
39.3
25.9
14.4
7.3
40.1
34.4

438.9
197.8
8.0
13.4
10.1
39.2
25.9
14.8
7.6
40.0
34.4

118.1
71.4
4.0
1.8
1.3
5.3
4.6
2.2
1.2
7.6
8.5

116.2
69.5
4.1
1.8
1.2
5.2
4.4
2.1
1.2
7.2
8.3

116.4
69.6
4.1
1.8
1.2
5.2
4.3
2.1
1.2
7.1
8.2

643.6
329.9
20.4
12.2
9.1
36.5
19.4
15.1
9.1
48.5
41.9

644.4
330.0
19.6
11.4
9.1
36.3
19.5
14.5
9.0
48.1
41.9

644.4
329.2
19.6
11.6
9.1
36.8
19.4
14.5
9.0
48.1
41.5

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

905.0
35.3
16.3
20.3
421.3
47.1
100.9
12.0
28.1
29.9
15.1
43.4

884.3
35.1
16.2
19.9
416.8
44.9
100.0
12.0
27.3
28.1
14.2
41.4

890.4
34.0
16.5
20.0
428.5
44.5
101.7
12.0
27.6
22.2
14.5
41.9

156.3
4.3
1.8
2.9
87.3
4.8
13.3
3.5
3.3
6.5
2.3
6.4

156.8
4.0
2.0
3.0
88.6
4.6
13.6
3.6
3.1
6.6
2.2
6.4

156.6
4.0
1.9
3.1
88.1
4.5
13.7
3.6
3.1
6.6
2.2
6.4

941.2
30.5
13.1
14.6
453.9
40.3
95.4
13.5
25.7
47.1
14.0
41.6

946.6
30.6
13.2
14.8
454.7
39.5
96.2
13.6
26.0
46.7
13.7
41.4

949.7
30.5
13.2
14.9
456.6
39.7
97.2
13.7
26.0
47.4
13.8
41.7

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

405.2
8.6
260.3
12.4
15.6

402.5
8.5
259.9
12.2
15.6

405.3
8.4
259.7
12.2
15.6

107.0
6.2
76.3
2.2
4.1

106.3
5.9
74.3
2.2
4.2

106.1
5.9
74.1
2.2
4.2

538.2
26.5
339.5
13.8
25.2

539.5
25.8
337.9
13.9
26.3

542.9
25.9
340.0
14.0
26.5

Mississippi
Jackson

251.3
22.2

249.1
21.2

250.4
21.2

45.3
13.2

45.3
13.1

45.0
13.5

202.5
45.0

203.5
46.2

204.4
45.7

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

409.7
104.6
199.5
19.9

403.4
103.1
194.0
20.1

401.9
101.5
193.6
20.1

150.5
63.9
76.9
7.5

152.8
64.5
77.4
7.8

152.7
64.2
77.7
7.9

564.2
198.5
278.9
36.3

561.5
198.4
280.6
36.7

564.1
198.9
280.4
36.8

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Montana

23.3

23.3

23.4

20.2

20.1

20.2

88.8

90.6

91.2

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

100.6
14.9
34.5

101.3
14.7
34.9

103.2
14.9
34.9

47.1
7.3
23.7

47.1
7.1
23.6

46.9
7.1
23.7

189.2
26.9
84.4

187.8
26.7
84.3

188.1
26.9
84.0

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

26.5
11.1
9.1

27.4
11.5
9.6

27.5
11.6
9.6

33.6
20.5
9.5

33.6
20.4
9.8

33.7
20.3
9.8

131.7
81.7
33.9

133.2
82.3
33.7

134.0
82.7
34.0

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester....

97.9
9.8
28.3
19.5

94.9
9.6
28.1
18.3

97.0
10.0
28.3
19.0

16.9
4.3
2.8
3.1

16.6
4.5
3.3
3.1

16.6
4.6
3.3
3.2

129.0
18.9
20.3
29.3

127.2
18.5
20.3
29.9

127.8
18.5
20.5
29.9

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

525.8
7.0
117.3
58.7
32.8
94.6
21.2
140.4
25.2
14.4

504.2
7.0
111.6
58.4
30.1
92.8
20.0
139.6
24.3
14.1

506.6
7.1
113.3
58.5
31.0
90.5
19.8
140.4
24.2
14.1

224.8
7.2
27.3
18.4
26.6
42.3
14.9
75.7
7.1
2.2

224.2
7.1
26.7
17.9
26.6
42.3
15.5
75.9
6.9
2.2

222.0
7.0
26.4
17.7
26.2
42.1
15.3
75.0
6.9
2.3

813.5
42.3
166.7
110.2
56.8
126.0
89.8
171.2
28.8
10.4

806.8
44.7
161.0
109.4
56.3
121.3
91.1
166.6
27.1
10.1

804.6
44.5
160.0
109.5
56.5
121.2
90.9
165.0
26.6
9.9

See footnotes at end of table.




113

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993*

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993*

24.7
1.9
11.9

24.6
1.9
11.7

24.8
1.9
11.7

139.6
10.0
33.7

137.7
10.6
34.7

138.3
10.6
34.7

84.4
3.9
14.3

82.8
39
14.5

82 5
37
145

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore Citv
Suburban Marvland-DC

130.0
74.8
39.4
46.3

130.2
73.5
38.6
46.3

130.1
73.6
38.4
46.1

640.8
335.4
144.1
243.3

645.9
336.0
145.1
246.8

643.1
334.9
144.1
246.2

395.0
204.4
94.5
153.9

398.7
204.4
91.9
154.8

393 3
199.8
91.1
153.3

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburo-Leominster

197.0
135.8
2.7
3.0
1.4
5.3
2.6
2.1
1.7
14.4
13.8

193.6
134.3
2.6
3.1
1.5
5.3
2.7
2.1
1.8
13.8
13.9

193.5
134.3
2.6
3.0
1.5
5.2
2.7
2.1
1.8
13.7
14.0

914.4
578.2
14.9
11.2
8.9
37.8
21.3
14.1
12.8
60.4
49.0

926.2
588.0
15.2
11.3
8.9
38.2
21.6
14.5
13.7
61.6
50.4

923.6
585.6
15.3
11.5
8.9
38.0
21.6
14.4
13.7
61.6
50.3

356.5
175.8
10.5
5.7
3.9
18.6
11.7
9.1
4.4
32.5
26.4

358.7
177.2
10.6
5.9
4.0
18.1
11.6
9.3
4.8
32.3
26.4

354 4
174 3
106
56
3.9
18.0
11.5
9.2
47
31.5
261

190.9
5.3
3.1
2.7
108.8
5.9
16.7
1.8
6.2
12.5
1.8
6.2

191.4
5.3
3.1
2.6
107.4
6.0
17.2
1.7
6.4
12.8
1.8
6.2

191.3
5.3
3.1
2.6
107.3
6.0
17.4
1.6
6.4
12.8
1.8
6.3

983.9
40.1
12.5
15.6
524.7
38.9
86.0
11.6
29.8
44.3
13.0
39.9

1,014.8
40.8
12.3
15.8
537.2
41.2
88.9
11.9
30.6
46.6
13.6
40.8

1,017.1
40.7
12.6
15.8
537.9
41.5
89.5
12.1
30.7
46.7
13.4
41.0

589.7
51.0
11.0
9.0
221.2
20.9
32.1
9.5
15.2
61.0
9.1
20.6

579.7
52.1
11.0
8.8
215.8
19.7
32.5
9.4
15.3
59.1
8.7
19.3

572.2
49 4
109
9.0
2141
193
32.2
9.3
152
58.7
8.9
19.3

131.1
3.6
102.5
1.8
2.7

136.6
3.6
106.5
1.9
2.9

136.9
3.7
106.8
1.9
2.9

602.1
27.1
394.5
30.1
19.2

626.7
27.4
410.5
30.6
20.3

630.2
27.3
413.2
30.6
20.1

315.1
19.9
178.4
6.4
11.8

325.6
20.4
184.6
6.4
12.3

319 4
19.9
181 1
63
12.1

38.5
14.3

39.6
14.7

39.8
14.7

176.5
48.5

188.3
48.1

187.5
48.8

201.8
38.6

200.2
38.6

208.3
40.1

138.2
60.4
73.3
5.6

139.7
61.6
74.0
5.9

139.7
61.7
73.9
6.0

612.2
205.7
338.3
36.7

620.6
209.9
344.4
36.8

622.8
209.4
344.3
37.3

344.9
118.8
130.9
13.6

353.0
120.7
136.1
14.3

346.1
118.1
131 9
13.7

Portland

Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Snrinafield

Michigan
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Oetroit
pjjnt
Grand Raoids

Lansina-East Lansina
^aninaw-Bav Citv-Midland
Minnesota
Duluth
MinnfiaDolis-St Paul
Rochester
St Cloud
Mississippi

Missouri
Kansas Citv
St Louis
Snrinafield
Montana

14.7

14.8

14.8

85.0

88.4

89.0

68.9

67.0

67.3

Nebraska
Lincoln

49.5
8.7
28.9

49.3
8.6
28.5

49.3
8.5
28.4

185.9
29.5
102.4

185.1
29.1
103.0

185.1
29.4
102.2

141.0
31.8
46.8

140.9
32.7
46.4

142 0
33.9
46.3

29.4
19.6
7.1

31.3
21.1
7.3

31.4
21.2
7.3

288.5
189.5
59.5

291.8
193.2
60.3

292.7
193.6
60.6

81.7
42.8
18.0

83.2
42.9
18.7

84.8
44.8
18.4

29.7
8.6
3.2
6.6

29.7
7.9
3.3
6.8

29.6
7.8
3.3
6.8

133.3
22.7
18.7
24.0

135.4
23.7
19.2
24.4

136.5
24.3
18.9
24.3

62.6
8.0
6.3
20.8

64.6
8.3
6.5
20.9

64.2
82
6.3
20.8

228.9
6.3
33.7
23.1
18.9
43.0
18.8
68.2
10.8
3.9

230.9
6.1
34.6
22.9
19.6
44.5
18.8
67.6
10.7
3.7

230.8
6.0
34.5
22.7
20.6
44.6
18.9
66.6
10.8
3.7

988.9
83.0
163.7
118.3
45.3
130.3
106.6
257.3
60.2
11.0

999.0
84.7
166.8
122.3
42.7
133.8
108.7
259.3
60.4
11.1

995.5
84.8
167.1
122.7
43.1
133.8
107.4
257.4
59.1
11.1

560.6
28.6
67.4
74.0
41.5
74.2
64.8
134.7
54.3
12.4

554.4
28.2
69.1
74.4
42.3
74.3
64.3
132.8
52.8
12.1

547.2
27 8
69.0
73.7
40.8
73.2
63.1
131.1
53 1
12.0

Nevada

•

NAIM Hamnshire

Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester
New Jaraftv
Atlantic City

Jersey City
MjririlpsAx-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridaeton
See footnotes at end of table.

114




•

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

(Construction

Mining

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

597.7
252.8
42.6
65.2

614.0
258.9
41.6
67.3

617.4
258.2
41.8
67.4

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

7,723.9
425.8
112.4
449.0
39.2
50.9
1,039.0
3,771.5
3,275.7
80.6
107.0
105.6
481.5
96.6
305.6
124.7
380.3

7,687.8
424.2
111.0
446.6
39.7
51.2
1,036.0
3,730.1
3,243.8
81.4
106.4
98.3
480.3
95.3
303.3
124.4
372.4

7,673.7
426.4
110.9
446.7
39.7
51.2
1,032.1
3,723.0
3,238.5
81.3
106.5
98.3
479.3
94.6
302.3
126.7
371.0

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

3,128.3
91.2
617.8
493.7
452.1

3,196.2
93.8
629.2
503.7
463.2

3,203.5
92.9
632.6
503.4
464.9

278.5
43.2
81.3
31.8

283.7
43.3
83.1
32.6

282.9
43.4
82.7
32.3

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

4,846.4
283.7
167.1
748.3
919.9
728.0
439.7
281.6
196.0

4,857.6
289.4
168.3
759.4
922.4
730.7
442.2
279.9
195.6

4,864.8
290.6
168.9
760.2
920.4
732.8
443.1
284.4
195.5

15.0
.5
.7
.4
.7
.7
.5
.2
.4

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,200.3
21.0
36.8
428.0
322.5

1,219.9
22.7
35.8
429.4
325.6

1,214.9
22.6
35.4
430.1
325.4

Oregon

1,277.5
115.8
56.4
649.5
114.5

1,290.3
116.2
56.1
656.5
112.8

5,062.2
279.9
54.4
51.5
121.4
314.7
82.7
192.2
2,080.7
691.3
911.2

5,075.0
281.1
55.6
51.1
124.3
318.6
83.7
196.1
2,074.1
673.5
912.6

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

Aug.
1993?

July
1993

14.7

15.6
(1)
1
()

Aug.
1992

15.7

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

31.5
12.5
2.4
2.9

34.7
13.4
2.6
3.3

35.2
13.5
2.6
3.3

258.8
18.4
5.1
18.3
1.3
2.0
40.3
108.0
86.2
3.6
3.9
5.0
17.5
3.5
14.9
4.1
16.6

253.4
16.6
5.0
17.6
1.3
1.9
39.1
104.3
83.8
3.4
3.8
4.7
17.2
3.4
14.9
3.9
15.7

256.1
16.7
5.0
18.0
1.3
1.9
39.4
104.4
83.8
3.4
3.9
4.8
17.8
3.4
15.2
3.9
15.8

3.5

149.5
4.3
32.4
21.9
20.3

153.3
4.4
32.7
22.6
20.6

153.4
4.4
32.5
22.7
20.4

4.1

13.6
2.5
5.2
1.7

13.8
2.6
5.3
1.9

14.1
2.6
5.5
1.9

14.1
.5
.7
.4
.7
.7
.6
.2
.4

14.1
.5
.7
.4
.7
.7
.6
.2
.4

202.0
11.0
7.5
37.3
34.6
30.5
15.6
11.9
8.4

200.8
10.9
7.5
38.2
34.9
30.2
15.8
11.9
8.2

202.6
11.1
7.6
38.6
35.1
30.7
16.0
11.9
8.4

36.0
.9
.1
8.6
10.1

35.9
.9
.1
8.5
9.9

35.8
.9
.1
8.6
9.9

39.4
.7
1.1
14.3
11.7

40.6
.7
1.1
14.6
12.1

40.4
.7
1.1
14.5
11.9

1,299.7
116.9
57.0
659.6
116.1

1.7
.2
.1
.6
.1

1.5
.2
.1
.5
.1

1.5
.2
.1
.5
.1

54.4
4.9
2.1
28.4
5.3

54.6
4.9
2.3
28.1
5.5

56.7
5.1
2.3
28.5
5.7

5,065.2
281.6
55.4
50.8
124.0
318.9
83.9
194.2
2,059.3
668.9
912.2

23.9
.5
()
(1)

20.8
.5
()

0)
(1)
()

(1)

20.8
.4
()
(1)
(1)
()

213.8
11.0
2.5
2.7
5.0
13.6
6.6
11.2
78.1
11.1
46.8

209.2
11.1
2.6
2.4
5.5
14.5
6.0
11.4
74.4
10.7
45.0

210.4
11.3
2.7
2.4
5.6
14.1
6.0
11.2
74.9
10.8
46.5

0
0)
0

0

()

0
(1)
01
(1)
()
0
V)
C)

.4

0
0)
(1)
01
(1)
()

()
( )

9
.4

.7

3.5

3.5

0
(11)
()
4.1

4.0
(1)
(1)
(1)

0)
0

1

(1)
(1)
(1)

1

(1)

( )

.4

.4

0

(1)

()
(1)

1

(i)

(1)

.4

1

.7

01
()

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

.4

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

0
0
01
()

i1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

()

V)
(1)

5.3
.5
1

1

.7

(1)

5.4
.5

5.4
.4
1

0

1

( )

4.2

3.7

3.8

See footnotes at end of table.




115

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing)

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Aug.
1992

New Mexico
Albuaueroue
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Alhanv—Schsnfictadv—Trov
Binnhamton

•••-•

Buffalo
Elmira
Qlane FallS

Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
NPW York Citv
Niaaara Falls
OrandG Countv
Pouahkeeosie
Rochester
Rockland Countv
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester Countv
North Carolina
Aeheville
Charlotte Gastonia-Rock Hill
firfipnsboro-Winston-Salem-Hiah
Rfllpinh Durham

North Dakota
Faroo—Moorhsad
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cleveland
Columbus
Davton—SDrinofield
Toledo

Oklahoma
Enid
Oklahoma O\\\i
Ty|g{J

OreQon
Fuoene-SDrinafield
Medford
Portland
Salem

Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver Countv
Erie
Harrtebura-Lebanon-Carlisle
Lancaster
PhiladelDhia PMSA
PhiladelDhia Citv
PittcKuroh

See footnotes at end of table.

116




Point

July
1993

Aug.
1993?

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

41.2
20.2
3.0
1.9

40.6
19.2
2.4
2.1

41.4
19.4
2.6
2.0

28.0
11.9
1.4
1.1

27.5
11.6
1.3
1.0

27.8
11.6
1.4
1.0

144.9
61.0
9.6
13.7

147.8
62 3
9.6
13.9

149 0
62 4
9.7
14.2

1,019.6
45.2
29.9
70.0
8.3
9.6
124.9
362.6
297.3
20.4
13.1
22.1
129.5
14.1
48.2
21.1
49.1

972.4
45.2
28.4
69.0
8.5
9.5
120.0
347.0
285.4
19.7
12.7
15.6
124.6
13.0
46.6
20.1
46.4

975.7
45.2
28.3
69.0
8.4
9.6
121.0
351.1
289.8
19.7
12.8
15.5
123.7
13.0
46.4
20.7
46.2

397.1
16.3
4.4
20.6
1.3
1.7
44.8
228.9
203.9
4.5
6.4
4.0
15.4
5.2
18.9
4.2
19.1

388.5
16.0
4.5
20.8
1.4
1.7
43.9
223.1
198.3
4.4
6.1
3.8
14.9
5.3
18.7
4.3
18.8

388.1
16.1
4.5
20.6
1.4
1.7
43.9
222.8
198.1
4.4
6.2
3.8
14.9
5.2
18.7
4.3
18.7

1,566.1
85.2
24.2
112.5
9.7
12.2
272.3
646.0
539.1
19.7
27.7
20.2
102.1
20.7
72.1
26.3
82.1

1,556.5
86.3
24.4
111.3
10.1
12.2
270.4
637.9
533.4
20.1
27.8
19.9
103.4
20.6
71.5
26.6
79.7

1,554.5
88.2
24 4
111 6
101
122
271 4
634 4
530 1
20 2
27.8
19.9
103 6
20.7
72 3
26.5
79.5

840.4
20.3
144.1
143.9
65.7

844.6
20.6
145.6
146.1
67.6

849.5
20.7
146.5
145.9
68.1

153.9
4.5
50.4
27.0
22.5

155.2
4.7
50.8
27.4
21.7

155.5
4.6
50.9
27.1
21.5

722.0
21.7
151.9
112.1
92.6

731.9
22.2
153.2
112.8
94.4

733.6
22 1
153.4
112.8
94.7

18.3
2.4
6.0
1.6

19.5
2.4
6.0
1.8

19.4
2.4
5.9
1.6

17.5
3.0
4.7
1.7

17.8
3.3
4.7
1.7

17.8
3.3
4.8
1.7

74.3
11.0
24.0
9.5

74.9
11.0
24.9
9.3

75.1
11 2
24.8
9.4

1,051.2
61.7
43.1
141.9
186.4
100.9
95.3
55.0
45.7

1,038.0
62.4
43.3
139.8
182.8
99.8
93.5
50.4
44.9

1,042.2
63.2
43.2
139.3
181.7
100.5
93.6
54.4
44.7

214.1
13.3
5.7
40.5
39.1
31.7
17.8
14.1
7.1

210.3
13.3
5.7
40.1
38.1
31.1
18.1
14.2
6.8

210.6
13.5
5.7
40.3
38.2
31.2
18.0
14.3
6.8

1,172.4
70.1
42.2
191.1
220.2
185.1
102.2
70.1
52.9

1,171.3
70.0
41.9
193.9
219.0
185.6
102.5
71.1
52.7

1,176 0
70.1
42.5
194 7
2192
186.5
103.1
71.8
52.8

164.5
1.5
3.4
47.4
53.2

164.7
1.5
3.4
47.9
53.2

164.3
1.5
3.4
47.9
53.0

69.8
2.1
1.9
21.2
26.1

69.3
2.2
2.0
21.3
25.6

68.7
2.2
2.0
21.5
25.5

286.7
6.1
8.6
105.2
76.8

292.7
6.3
8.4
105.7
111

292.6
6.3
8.4
106.0
77.6

217.1
18.5
8.7
103.4
19.5

211.9
18.2
8.5
102.7
16.2

216.8
18.8
8.6
104.1
18.6

65.2
4.5
2.7
38.8
3.3

64.5
4.4
2.9
37.9
3.5

64.7
4.4
2.9
38.0
3.6

327.6
30.3
17.3
168.7
25.0

328.6
30.1
16.2
170.9
25.5

330.1
30.2
16.7
171.0
25.6

955.3
70.1
9.8
9.5
34.6
47.3
13.4
55.8
314.2
69.6
110.9

927.3
68.2
9.6
9.6
34.4
47.3
12.1
55.9
305.7
65.0
109.1

930.5
69.0
9.6
9.6
35.1
47.5
12.3
55.4
306.1
65.6
108.6

257.3
13.7
4.7
4.7
4.2
19.5
4.7
7.4
96.7
37.3
55.2

259.2
13.8
5.1
4.7
4.3
19.8
5.1
7.5
97.3
38.4
54.8

259.1
13.7
4.9
4.7
4.2
19.9
5.1
7.4
97.1
38.8
54.9

1,160.0
61.2
14.2
11.7
26.4
69.2
18.8
49.4
463.3
118.9
226.2

1,167.4
61.2
14.4
11.4
26.9
69.8
20.3
50.0
458.7
114.1
226.6

1,169.6
61.3
14.1
11.4
26.8
70.1
20 4
49 6
457.8
113.3
227.2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Governmen

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993p

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993?

27.1
14.4
1.7
2.7

27.5
14.9
1.7
2.9

27.5
14.9
1.7
2.9

162.6
82.7
8.4
18.6

168.6
85.3
8.2
19.2

168.9
85.4
8.3
19.2

147.7
50.1
16.1
24.3

151.7
52.2
15.8
24.9

151.9
51.0
15.5
24.8

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

742.8
27.7
4.1
27.2
1.4
1.7
81.1
514.3
479.1
2.1
6.0
4.7
23.3
5.0
19.4
8.2
29.3

737.5
27.6
4.1
26.9
1.4
1.7
79.6
508.7
473.9
2.2
6.2
4.6
22.8
4.9
18.5
8.4
29.1

735.8
27.6
4.1
26.8
1.4
1.7
79.7
507.2
472.3
2.2
6.2
4.6
23.0
4.9
18.6
8.5
29.1

2,340.2
125.1
26.4
126.4
10.6
15.3
313.8
1,236.5
1,075.4
18.1
26.5
28.6
128.8
28.5
80.5
30.6
126.7

2,379.8
123.2
26.2
129.3
10.5
15.5
319.6
1,246.5
1,086.8
18.3
26.4
28.8
132.1
28.4
81.3
30.8
125.6

2,380.7
124.5
26.2
129.8
10.6
15.6
317.6
1,243.8
1,084.7
18.3
26.3
29.0
132.1
28.2
81.5
32.8
124.8

1,393.8
107.4
18.3
74.0
6.6
8.5
161.8
675.1
594.2
12.2
23.4
21.1
64.0
19.5
51.6
30.2
57.5

1,394.4
108.8
18.4
71.8
6.5
8.6
163.5
662.6
581.9
13.4
23.4
21.0
64.6
19.8
51.7
30.3
57.2

1,377.4
107.6
18.3
70.8
6.5
8.5
159.1
659.3
579.3
13.1
23.4
20.7
63.5
19.3
49.8
30.1
56.8

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point ...
Raleigh-Durham

136.7
2.6
39.2
25.8
23.6

140.8
2.7
39.6
26.3
23.8

140.8
2.7
39.6
26.4
23.6

650.2
25.7
133.1
113.1
130.4

689.8
26.5
139.0
118.4
138.7

689.0
25.9
139.4
117.6
137.8

472.1
12.1
66.7
49.9
97.0

477.1
12.7
68.3
50.1
96.4

478.2
12.5
70.3
50.9
98.8

13.1
1.8
5.0
1.2

13.5
1.9
5.1
1.3

13.5
1.9
5.2
1.3

74.7
13.2
22.9
7.8

76.1
13.0
23.5
8.1

76.2
13.0
23.4
8.1

63.0
9.3
13.5
8.3

64.0
9.1
13.6
8.5

62.7
9.0
13.1
8.3

260.6
11.8
6.8
44.4
61.4
60.2
17.6
11.5
9.3

260.9
11.9
6.9
43.9
61.5
60.7
17.6
11.1
9.3

261.2
11.9
6.9
44.0
61.6
60.5
17.5
11.1
9.3

1,251.9
77.1
43.1
203.3
264.0
192.4
119.0
80.4
50.5

1,278.6
81.7
44.0
211.7
271.4
194.9
124.3
82.2
51.2

1,280.2
81.9
44.1
212.2
272.0
194.5
124.4
82.3
51.0

679.1
38.2
18.0
89.4
113.5
126.3
71.8
38.5
21.7

683.6
38.7
18.3
91.4
114.0
127.7
69.8
38.8
22.1

677.9
38.4
18.2
90.7
111.9
128.2
69.9
38.4
22.1

61.3
1.0
1.8
25.6
17.6

61.0
1.1
1.8
25.6
17.7

61.0
1.1
1.8
25.7
17.8

288.0
5.5
8.0
110.3
88.6

299.7
5.8
8.2
113.8
89.3

297.5
5.7
8.0
113.2
89.3

254.6
3.2
11.9
95.4
38.4

256.0
4.2
10.8
92.0
40.1

254.6
4.2
10.6
92.7
40.4

87.8
6.3
2.7
56.8
6.1

90.6
6.5
2.8
57.8
6.3

90.9
6.6
2.8
58.1
6.3

312.2
29.8
14.1
170.2
25.2

323.9
30.4
14.4
173.8
25.4

325.2
30.9
14.6
175.5
25.7

211.5
21.3
8.7
82.6
30.0

214.7
21.5
8.9
84.8
30.3

213.8
20.7
9.0
83.9
30.5

303.3
14.6
2.3
1.7
5.7
22.2
4.3
9.2
158.7
60.0
55.7

305.1
14.6
2.4
1.8
5.8
22.5
4.4
9.6
158.5
57.9
55.8

305.0
14.7
2.4
1.7
5.9
22.5
4.4
9.6
158.6
57.8
55.9

1,488.9
78.6
13.8
13.7
32.8
76.4
22.5
43.5
678.0
257.3
318.7

1,518.3
81.2
14.3
13.6
34.1
77.1
23.5
45.4
689.2
254.8
320.8

1,513.5
80.7
14.4
13.7
33.9
77.3
23.3
45.2
685.5
253.4
319.8

659.7
30.2
7.1
7.5
12.7
66.5
12.4
15.3
291.7
137.1
93.5

667.7
30.5
7.2
7.6
13.3
67.6
12.3
15.9
290.3
132.6
96.8

656.3
30.5
7.3
7.3
12.5
67.5
12.4
15.4
279.3
129.2
95.5

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland

Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City

Tulsa
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Cariisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.




117

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Constructior

Mining

Total
State and area
Aug.
1992
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

150.7
303.5
44.3
58.9
51.1
180.3

150.2
304.6
41.3
59.2
50.1
185.6

150.2
303.7
40.8
59.0
50.2
185.6

421.2
120.4
295.3

417.1
119.5
295.0

421.1
121.7
296.8

1,527.3
203.9
239.8
328.6

1,549.2
203.7
242.2
330.2

1,553.2
204.0
243.4
331.5

310.6
42.5
82.1

317.3
43.5
83.9

318.6
43.6
83.9

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,242.5
204.2
176.6
287.1
480.4
515.5

2,264.3
207.2
173.2
292.0
488.8
528.3

2,279.4
207.7
173.8
291.8
488.7
530.4

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

7,283.2
48.7
79.9
399.6
150.3
68.0
82.3
55.4
138.5
1,395.1
218.5
597.0
81.6
1,627.2
78.2
50.1
70.7
97.4
103.9
45.8
43.6
37.9
544.6
36.2
46.5
64.9
31.2
81.8
49.6

7,400.2
49.7
81.6
412.1
152.1
67.5
83.9
58.2
137.4
1,420.8
222.9
601.6
84.6
1,635.9
82.0
51.9
70.5
98.2
108.0
45.3
43.6
38.7
562.2
36.3
47.3
65.4
32.8
83.4
49.6

7,404.5
49.3
81.5
412.9
152.2
67.6
83.9
58.0
137.1
1,422.8
222.8
608.0
84.5
1,633.2
82.2
52.2
70.5
98.6
108.9
45.0
44.0
38.4
561.9
36.5
47.1
65.1
32.7
83.8
49.5

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro ...
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

See footnotes at end of table.

118




Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

0

0

0)

0)
0)
(1)

0.6

.5

0.6

01
()
0

.2
.1
.1

(1)
(1)

0

1.2

14.5
5.8
10.5

14.4
5.7
10.2

1.9

82.9
12.3
12.7
19.9

82.7
12.8
12.6
20.9

82.5
13.0
12.6
21.0

2.7

15.0
2.9
4.9

15.2
2.9
5.1

15.2
2.9
5.0

4.4
.6

89.2
6.5
8.2
13.1
17.8
20.4

92.7
6.4
8.0
15.2
18.1
20.9

93.9
6.4
8.1
15.1
18.3
21.2

352.6
1.7
3.1
14.7
16.5
8.6
2.4
2.1
11.3
49.5
8.4
21.5
5.4
111.1
2.9
1.7
3.8
3.3
4.3
1.5
2.8
1.3
24.1
1.6
1.5
2.2
2.2
3.4
1.5

357.5
1.8
3.4
16.2
14.4
7.6
2.6
2.0
11.4
53.6
8.5
21.6
5.0
106.2
3.4
1.7
2.8
3.7
4.5
1.6
2.6
1.5
25.2
1.5
2.0
2.3
2.5
3.6
1.7

357.7
1.8
3.6
16.4
14.3
7.8
2.6
2.0
11.4
53.9
8.5
21.7
5.1
106.4
3.3
1.7
2.8
3.8
4.6
1.6
2.6
1.5
25.0
1.5
2.1
2.3
2.5
3.6
1.7

(1)

V)
4.7
.6

5.1
.6

0

13.5
4.0
9.5

9
2.7

2.8
(1)

.3
.2
.1

V)
V)

0)

01
()

0

.5

6.9
12.0
1.1
2.8
2.3
10.0

1.9
(1)

0

1.2

0

.9

V)
(1)

(1)

V)

(1)
(1)

169.0
1.3
.8
.8
1.1
1.2
(1)
.7
3.0
17.3
(1)
4.4
.9
67.8

168.5
1.4
.8
.8
1.1
1.2
(1)
.7
2.8
16.8

168.6
1.3
.8
.8
1.1
1.2
(1)
.7
2.8
16.8

0

0)

0

0

1.9
3.4
.2
.8
9.0
4.7
.6
1.6
.1
1.5
1.3

(1)
1.4

4.4
.8
67.0
1
()
2.0
3.3
.2
.9
9.0
4.6
.6
1.5
(1)
.1
1.5
1.6

0

1.4

Aug.
1993P

6.9
12.1
1.2
2.7
2.3
10.0

()
.5

July
1993

7.1
12.6
1.5
2.7
2.3
9.3

0.6
1

.3
.2
.1

1.8
(1)
(1)

Aug.
1992

4.4
.8
66.3
1
()
2.0
3.3
.2
.9
8.9
4.6
.6
1.5

0

V)

.1
1.5
1.7
1.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
aublic utilities

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993?

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

44.0
65.4
12.0
8.7
14.7
54.8

41.9
63.2
9.7
8.8
14.0
55.1

42.3
63.6
9.8
8.6
14.1
54.6

5.9
16.2
1.9
1.7
1.9
8.9

6.1
16.3
1.9
1.8
1.8
8.9

6.1
16.2
1.8
1.8
1.7
8.9

34.5
73.6
10.8
12.0
11.6
46.4

34.6
74.2
10.7
11.7
11.4
47.2

34.3
74.2
10.7
11.8
11.5
47.2

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

90.4
42.4
56.8

84.1
38.7
52.6

88.7
41.1
55.1

14.0
3.4
10.3

14.3
3.4
10.6

14.4
3.5
10.6

92.4
30.0
61.6

92.6
29.9
62.3

92.6
30.0
62.0

370.8
20.3
25.9
95.9

365.1
20.1
26.3
94.5

366.2
20.2
26.4
94.8

65.3
10.6
10.9
14.1

63.9
11.0
11.1
14.0

64.3
11.0
11.1
14.1

352.1
50.3
54.5
79.0

364.6
50.6
55.9
78.5

364.9
50.5
56.8
78.7

37.1
4.4
10.2

40.2
4.6
10.4

40.4
4.6
10.5

14.6
1.8
5.4

14.8
2.0
5.5

14.9
2.0
5.5

82.5
12.8
22.7

83.1
13.1
22.9

83.5
13.2
22.9

515.6
44.2
54.7
50.8
60.4
90.8

515.0
45.1
53.4
50.9
61.2
91.3

517.9
45.4
53.7
51.3
60.7
91.0

120.6
7.6
6.2
10.3
47.6
30.8

122.9
7.4
6.3
10.2
49.1
31.3

123.9
7.4
6.4
10.2
49.4
31.4

524.7
48.5
40.7
75.1
127.1
127.5

531.6
48.7
40.5
74.5
128.5
129.1

534.5
48.8
40.5
74.3
128.6
129.4

975.2
4.4
8.9
52.9
25.9
17.7
12.1
3.9
13.3
209.7
44.3
100.4
8.6
176.6
8.6
2.0
16.1
7.2
12.1
2.2
4.3
5.3
45.9
9.6
6.1
11.6
3.0
14.7
7.7

985.8
4.0
9.1
55.2
25.7
17.8
12.9
4.1
13.5
210.2
45.9
100.5
8.5
174.8
9.2
1.9
15.7
7.5
12.6
2.1
4.4
5.1
46.3
10.0
5.9
11.6
3.2
15.2
7.7

985.9
3.9
8.9
55.4
25.8
17.6
12.9
4.0
13.5
209.7
46.5
100.7
8.5
175.1
9.2
2.0
15.7
7.5
12.6
2.1
4.4
4.8
46.5
10.0
5.7
11.4
3.1
15.5
7.7

439.8
2.7
5.6
13.5
9.4
2.6
3.9
1.3
6.9
86.6
11.2
63.0
4.8
111.9
2.7
7.7
3.5
5.3
3.4
2.5
2.1
2.8
24.4
1.6
2.1
3.0
1.5
3.3
2.7

441.7
2.7
5.6
13.7
9.5
2.6
3.8
1.3
6.7
88.4
11.3
61.6
4.9
110.8
2.6
8.0
3.4
5.6
3.7
2.4
2.1
2.6
25.8
1.5
2.1
2.8
1.5
3.3
2.6

443.0
2.7
5.6
13.8
9.5
2.5
3.8
1.3
6.6
88.7
11.3
61.5
4.9
110.7
2.6
8.1
3.4
5.7
3.6
2.4
2.1
2.6
25.8
1.5
2.0
2.8
1.4
3.4
2.6

1,764.8
12.7
22.3
83.8
34.0
13.0
22.5
12.3
33.0
355.6
54.0
151.2
17.4
384.7
17.9
15.5
17.2
27.1
32.3
10.9
12.4
9.1
136.8
8.2
11.2
16.7
8.4
19.2
11.9

1,790.0
13.0
22.1
86.3
35.0
13.2
22.7
13.2
32.8
362.0
54.6
150.1
18.1
386.6
18.8
16.4
18.2
26.7
33.6
10.7
12.5
9.2
141.9
8.0
11.7
16.8
8.5
19.8
11.8

1,797.4
12.9
21.9
87.0
35.2
13.4
22.6
13.4
32.8
362.4
54.1
151.4
18.1
386.1
18.8
16.5
18.1
27.1
34.0
10.7
12.8
9.1
140.7
8.1
11.6
16.7
8.4
19.7
11.8

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
See footnotes at end of table.




119

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993?

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

9.1
13.6
1.5
1.9
2.3
5.7

9.2
13.5
1.6
1.9
2.4
5.9

9.2
13.4
1.6
1.8
2.4
5.9

34.6
81.2
11.9
11.8
12.2
37.2

35.2
84.2
11.7
11.7
12.1
40.3

35.1
83.8
11.4
11.7
12.2
40.8

15.5
40.3
4.7
20.1
6.1
17.5

16.3
40.5
4.5
20.6
6.1
17.7

16.3
39.9
4.4
20.5
6.0
17.7

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence

25.5
3.5
20.9

24.7
2.8
20.9

24.6
2.7
20.8

128.4
27.3
93.7

129.4
28.7
94.8

129.0
28.7
94.8

56.8
9.7
42.4

57.2
10.0
43.2

57.1
9.8
43.2

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

65.7
8.0
18.5
12.6

66.5
8.2
17.9
13.4

66.4
8.2
17.8
13.4

315.0
49.3
52.4
67.9

328.2
49.8
53.6
70.4

328.3
49.5
53.5
70.4

273.7
53.1
64.9
39.2

276.3
51.2
64.8
38.5

278.7
51.6
65.2
39.1

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

17.2
1.5
8.6

18.1
1.5
8.8

18.2
1.6
8.8

81.2
12.3
23.0

82.2
12.3
23.4

82.5
12.3
23.5

60.2
6.8
7.3

61.(
7."
7\

61.2
7.0
7.7

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

101.7
13.4
5.5
10.2
25.2
30.7

101.8
13.5
5.7
10.5
25.7
30.5

101.6
13.6
5.4
10.4
25.8
30.4

544.0
49.7
37.8
75.6
129.0
153.3

558.1
51.1
35.7
77.2
129.5
161.8

559.5
51.3
35.7
77.3
129.6
161.8

341.6
33.7
23.5
50.8
73.3
62.0

337.E
34.4
23.6
52.3
76.7
63.4

343.7
34.2
24.0
52.3
76.3
65.2

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

421.9
1.9
4.0
23.9
4.7
1.8
3.4
2.0
6.2
122.5
8.3
28.4
5.7
97.7
3.4
1.9
2.5
4.7
3.8
2.4
1.3
1.6
38.8
2.0
1.8
3.0
1.5
5.1
2.2

432.4
1.9
4.2
24.6
4.8
1.8
3.4
2.3
6.1
121.9
8.3
27.8
5.8
97.7
3.6
2.0
2.6
4.3
4.0
2.3
1.3
1.7
39.5
2.0
1.8
2.9
1.5
5.3
2.2

432.7
1.9
4.1
24.5
4.8
1.8
3.4
2.3
6.1
121.2
8.3
27.8
5.8
97.9
3.7
2.0
2.6
4.3
4.0
2.3
1.3
1.7
39.6
2.0
1.8
2.9
1.5
5.3
2.2

1,865.9
15.2
20.2
108.8
38.0
11.4
20.0
11.2
34.8
392.2
47.3
151.7
15.3
466.8
19.8
8.6
15.4
26.7
19.0
10.2
8.4
10.0
157.6
8.9
12.4
17.5
7.9
22.5
12.5

1,917.7
15.5
21.5
112.7
39.5
11.4
20.0
11.5
35.2
403.3
47.8
158.3
17.5
472.5
20.7
8.9
15.6
27.0
19.5
10.2
8.6
10.7
164.8
8.9
12.5
17.5
8.0
22.6
12.5

1,911.3
15.4
21.5
112.4
39.5
11.5
19.6
11.6
35.1
405.0
47.8
158.0
17.6
471.0
20.7
8.9
15.6
26.7
19.5
10.0
8.7
10.8
165.1
9.0
12.5
17.5
8.0
22.6
12.5

1,294.0
8.8
15.0
101.2
20.7
11.7
18.0
21.9
30.0
161.7
45.0
76.4
23.5
210.6
22.9
10.8
8.8
22.9
28.2
7.1
7.6
7.2
115.4
4.3
11.3
9.4
5.4
13.6
9.7

1,306.6
9.4
14.9
102.6
22.1
11.9
18.5
23.1
28.9
164.6
46.5
77.3
24.0
220.3
23.7
11.0
8.9
23.2
29.2
7.0
7.5
7.3
117.2
4.4
11.2
10.0
6.0
13.6
9.7

1,307.9
9.4
15.1
102.6
22.0
11.8
19.0
22.7
28.8
165.1
46.3
82.5
23.7
219.7
23.9
11.0
9.0
23.3
29.7
7.0
7.5
7.3
117.7
4.4
11.3
10.0
6.1
13.7
9.6

See footnotes at end of table.

120



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

<Construction

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993?

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

769.0
100.6
523.9

800.4
104.5
546.7

808.1
106.4
551.0

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

247.5
33.0
75.9

247.8
32.3
75.6

247.7
32.6
75.1

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,833.8
33.6
67.3
41.1
76.1
587.1
758.7
458.8
125.5

2,856.6
33.2
69.4
40.3
76.8
592.5
772.7
467.2
126.8

2,851.8
33.1
68.1
40.9
77.4
592.3
766.1
466.8
126.4

Washington
Seattle

2,216.8
1,122.0

2,233.0
1,130.6

2,230.1
1,123.6

3.5
.6

3.3
.6

640.6
115.4
110.8
63.9
60.3

657.0
118.0
111.0
63.9
60.2

648.4
117.4
110.6
63.9
59.9

31.2
2.0
1.7
.4
2.0

25.4
1.5
1.6
.4
1.1

2,367.9
171.6
58.6
112.9
59.4
44.8
55.9
235.3
761.8
75.3
54.0
55.2

2,406.7
175.0
60.7
115.4
59.7
45.4
56.3
241.0
772.6
76.1
54.4
56.2

2,408.7
175.5
60.2
115.9
59.5
45.7
55.9
241.1
774.3
76.5
54.3
56.3

Wyoming
Casper

210.0
28.3

210.7
28.5

211.1
28.5

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

843.3
56.5
59.7
56.5
515.2

845.0
56.3
55.9
57.6
512.1

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

42.7

47.4

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Virgin Islands

47.2

8.9

8.6
(1)
3.1

V)

.6

13.7

13.4
(1)

1

o

()

17.9
2.3

13.2
1.6
4.0

13.2
1.5
3.9

13.4
1.5
3.9

12.6

152.0
1.2
3.8
1.9
3.4
31.2
38.4
27.6
6.8

153.3
1.2
3.8
2.0
3.3
32.2
38.6
27.5
6.6

154.9
1.2
3.8
2.0
3.4
32.1
39.2
27.3
6.7

3.4
.6

128.1
64.0

128.3
62.3

132.1
64.0

24.3
1.5
1.6
.4
1.1

30.3
5.7
5.4
3.4
2.4

33.0
6.3
5.8
3.1
2.4

33.3
6.2
5.6
3.1
2.4

2.7

101.6
9.7
2.4
6.9
2.3
1.9
2.3
11.3
29.5
2.8
2.2
2.5

112.3
10.9
2.7
7.2
2.6
2.1
2.7
12.2
30.5
3.6
2.6
2.7

113.2
10.9
2.7
6.9
2.5
2.1
2.7
12.1
30.9
3.7
2.5
2.7

18.5
2.5

13.3
1.6

12.6
1.7

12.8
1.6

49.1
1.4
2.9
4.1
34.8

45.9
1.4
2.4
3.8
31.7

2.1

4.9

0
O
(1)
O
(1)

o

O
V)
01
()

.9
(1)

O
0)
0

.4
.8

V)
V)
0)
O
0)
V)

18.1
2.4

.9

o

.6

3.1

()

V)
O
O
O
(1)
O
(1)
O
O
(1)
O

.5

43.7
6.1
29.0

2.7

2.6

.5

Aug.
1993?

42.2
5.9
28.0

1

()

O
(1)
O
O
0)
V)
O
O
V)
0
0

V)
O
V)

.4
.8

1

July
1993

38.6
5.7
25.1

(1)
(1)

V)
V)
O
.4
.8

8.8

V)

.6
(1)
(1)

O
O
O
O
0)
(1)
0

3.0

Aug.
1992

t2)
0)
O

o
<*)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
4.8

See footnotes at end of table.




121

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993?

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

106.7
13.7
69.8

108.1
13.2
71.3

109.1
13.6
71.9

44.4
2.0
35.0

46.4
2.0
36.9

47.0
2.1
37.1

186.3
23.7
129.1

192.1
24.1
132.5

194.4
24.4
133.6

43.9
4.6
14.5

43.0
4.8
13.6

43.2
5.0
13.5

11.2
.9
3.6

10.6
.8
3.7

10.6
.8
3.7

59.4
7.3
18.5

59.0
7.2
17.8

59.5
7.3
17.9

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

409.8
10.7
7.8
15.9
22.8
63.5
32.4
62.7
18.8

401.9
9.9
7.5
15.0
22.7
62.0
31.5
60.8
18.6

404.7
10.0
7.7
15.5
23.0
62.2
31.3
60.8
18.5

147.5
1.2
2.4
1.0
2.8
28.0
49.7
23.1
8.2

145.5
1.2
2.3
1.1
2.7
28.6
48.6
22.4
8.3

145.8
1.2
2.3
1.1
2.7
28.7
48.4
22.7
8.2

639.7
8.7
13.4
8.4
16.7
140.5
167.4
107.5
34.3

634.9
8.7
13.8
8.5
17.0
140.1
165.8
110.0
33.5

634.4
8.7
13.8
8.5
17.1
140.6
165.1
110.9
32.9

Washington
Seattle

351.3
211.2

338.8
203.0

342.2
203.2

115.2
70.4

111.9
68.1

112.1
68.3

547.0
267.4

552.7
272.2

552.7
271.0

82.7
10.5
19.7
13.6
6.7

82.9
10.6
18.1
13.6
6.6

83.3
10.5
18.2
13.6
6.7

38.4
8.8
7.3
2.6
3.3

39.0
9.0
7.0
2.6
3.6

39.2
9.1
6.9
2.6
3.6

147.7
28.4
27.8
15.4
15.3

151.1
29.3
28.3
15.6
15.4

151.6
29.7
28.1
15.7
15.4

557.9
57.7
10.6
25.5
18.5
9.7
10.4
25.8
164.5
23.9
21.4
16.2

558.8
57.0
10.2
25.8
17.5
9.0
9.9
26.9
165.7
23.7
21.7
16.4

562.7
57.1
10.2
26.2
17.9
9.7
10.0
26.8
165.3
24.2
21.6
16.4

108.8
7.1
3.2
8.1
2.3
1.6
2.4
8.0
35.6
2.5
1.7
3.4

109.7
7.6
3.3
8.3
2.2
1.3
2.4
8.0
35.9
2.5
1.5
3.3

109.9
7.6
3.2
8.3
2.2
1.4
2.4
8.0
35.9
2.5
1.5
3.3

556.6
35.4
16.1
26.8
14.3
13.6
15.5
50.8
171.4
16.9
10.4
12.7

558.1
35.3
16.7
26.9
14.4
14.5
15.6
50.8
174.9
16.8
10.3
13.2

560.3
36.0
16.8
27.1
14.3
14.7
15.6
51.0
175.9
17.0
10.3
13.3

9.4
1.6

9.5
1.6

9.6
1.6

14.4
1.7

14.6
1.6

14.7
1.6

49.6
8.1

50.3
8.2

50.3
8.2

149.9
15.9
17.2
9.9
63.1

146.0
14.3
16.6
10.2
61.9

21.5
.5
.5
1.8
17.5

21.7
.4
.5
1.6
17.8

155.8
11.7
10.0
9.3
104.7

156.3
11.9
9.6
9.5
104.9

2.9

3.0

2.4

2.5

9.7

10.0

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.

122




(*)
<2)
(2)
(*)
(2)
3.0

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
2.5

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
10.3

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-9. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Aug.
1992

37.6
2.7

July
1993

Aug.
1993p

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

31.0

40.0
2.8
33.2

40.5
2.9
33.6

199.7
38.4
133.2

213.0
41.8
141.2

214.5
42.1
143.1

147.1
14.4
97.6

149.7
14.7
100.6

150.1
15.2
99.6

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

12.0
2.7
4.1

11.8
2.7
4.2

11.7
2.7
4.1

70.2
8.7
20.7

72.2
8.4
21.6

71.9
8.6

37.0
7.2
10.5

37.4
6.9

21.4

36.8
6.7
10.6

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

150.6
1.1

152.6
1.2

17.5
163.0

38.6
8.9

39.6
8.9

49.0
39.4

558.3
5.0
20.1
4.8
9.4
134.6
150.4

570.5

1.2
3.8
26.9
49.1

762.2
5.7
15.9
7.8

786.8

3.9

152.6
1.1
3.8
1.2
3.7
26.9

784.5

3.9
1.3
3.5
26.3
48.5

90.3
15.3

93.2
16.2

4.8
9.5
135.3
151.2
91.8
16.1

Washington
Seattle

120.5
74.3

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands
Combined with construction.
Not available.
= preliminary.




10.8

560.0
5.0
20.2

5.9

5.9

16.7

8.9

271.5
108.2
33.2

17.8
166.7
281.6
112.9
34.7

16.5
7.8
18.0
166.5
281.5
113.1
35.1

118.8
74.0

119.0
74.1

558.6
288.0

571.7
294.5

572.9
294.2

392.6
146.1

407.5
155.9

395.7
148.2

24.9
6.2
3.8
2.4
3.0

25.3
6.5
3.6
2.4
3.1

25.2
6.4
3.7
2.4
3.1

159.3
32.3
26.9
15.7
18.0

164.9
33.5
27.8
15.7
18.2

165.1
33.4
27.8
15.7
18.4

126.1
21.5
18.2

135.4
21.3
18.8

126.4

10.4
9.6

10.5

128.2
8.6
2.1
6.6
1.7
1.5
1.9
20.7
52.8
2.3
2.3
4.0

131.5
8.8
2.0
7.5
1.8
1.5
1.9
21.6
53.8
2.3
2.3
4.2

131.4
8.7
2.0
7.5
1.8
1.5
1.8
21.6
53.9
2.3
2.3
4.2

581.3
36.4
14.3
27.8
13.5
10.6
16.0
54.8
224.8
18.3
10.4
10.6

596.0
38.2
14.9
28.2
14.1
10.7
16.5
57.4
228.3
18.3
10.6
10.6

595.3
38.1
14.9
28.3
13.7
10.7
16.5
57.3
228.4
18.3
10.6
10.8

331.1
16.7
9.9
11.2
6.8
6.0
7.4
63.9
83.3
8.7
5.6
5.8

337.6
17.2
10.9
11.5
7.2
6.2
7.3
64.1
83.4
8.8
5.5
5.8

333.3
17.1

7.5
1.1

7.7
1.1

7.7
1.1

47.0
6.9

47.8
7.1

47.5
7.0

50.9
5.0

50.1
4.8

50.0

36.7
1.2
1.5
1.7
28.9

35.9
1.2
1.5
1.6
28.4

139.7
9.0

139.4

8.8
12.0

9.0
12.2

95.8

96.0

289.8
16.8
18.9
17.8
169.8

299.0
17.6
20.1
18.7
170.9

2.1

2.1

8.7

9.9

14.8

15.0

2.1

7.6

9.4

9.7

5.1
21.4

4.9
9.5
136.0
157.1

9.8

20.6
18.7
10.4
9.2

10.4
11.5
7.1
5.8

6.9
64.1
84.1
8.5
5.4
5.8

14.8

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1992 benchmarks.

123

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS

C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

Mining

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8
34.8
34.7
34.6

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76
8.98
9.28
9.66

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85
312.50
322.02
334.24

1990
1991
1992

34.5
34.3
34.4

10.01
10.32
10.58

345.35
353.98
363.95

Construction
Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249 25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342 99

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2
42.4
42.3
43.0

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.46
12.54
12.80
13.26

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
525.81
531.70
541.44
570.18

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4
37.8
37.9
37.9

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.48
12.71
13.08
13.54

367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.46
466.75
480.44
495.73
513 17

44.1
44.4
43.9

13.68
14.19
14.54

603.29
630.04
638.31

38.2
38.1
38.0

13.77
14.00
14.15

526.01
533.40
537.70

Annual averages

. ..

Monthly data , not seasonally adjusteci
1992:
September
October
November
December
1993:
Januarv
February
March
April
May
June
July
Augusf
SeDtemberp

. ..

34.3
34.4
34.5
34.5

$10.65
10.68
10.72
10.70

$365.30
367.39
369.84
369.15

43.9
44.4
44.6
44.4

$14.60
14.47
14.61
14.58

$640.94
642.47
651.61
647.35

37.1
39.0
37.5
37.2

$14.22
14.30
14.24
14.27

$527.56
557.70
534,00
530.84

34.0
34.1
34.0
34.2
34.6
34.6
34.8
35.1
34.5

10.77
10.77
10.79
10.79
10.82
10.76
10.75
10.78
10.90

366.18
367.26
366.86
369.02
374.37
372.30
374.10
378.38
376.05

44.1
43.5
42.9
43.7
44.3
44.1
44.1
45.0
44.5

14.72
14.60
14.71
14.88
14.72
14.59
14.48
14.45
14.61

649.15
635.10
631.06
650.26
652.10
643.42
638.57
650.25
650.15

36.1
36.7
37.4
37.8
39.2
39.3
39.5
39.7
38.4

14.20
14.11
14.27
14.25
14.31
14.23
14.35
14.42
14.49

512.62
517.84
533 70
538 65
560.95
559.24
566.83
572.47
556.42

See footnotes at end of table.




125

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing
Year and
month

Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Wholesale trade

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.60
2.73
2.87
3.04
3.23

$102.56
106.08
111 11
115.66
121.90
129 85

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.4
39.4
39.2
38.8
38.6
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.43
3.64
3.85
4.07
4.38
4.72
5.02
5.39
5.88
6.39

136.86
143.42
151.69
159.54
169.94
182.19
194.27
209.13
228 14
247.93

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01
406.31
418.81
429.68

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.2
38.8
38.9

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70
12.03
12.26
12.60

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64
471.58
475.69
490.14

38.4
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.1
38.1
38.0

6.95
7.55
8.08
8.54
8.88
9.15
9.34
9.59
9.98
10.39

266.88
290.68
309.46
328.79
341.88
351.36
357.72
365.38
380 24
394.82

441.86
455.03
469.86

38.9
38.7
38.9

12.97
13.22
13.46

504.53
511.61
523.59

38.1
38.1
38.2

10.79
11.15
11.39

411.10
424.82
435.10

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2

3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7
41.0
41.1
41.0

7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.54
9.73
9.91
10.19
10.48

7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.34
9.48
9.73
10.02

1990
1991
1992

40.8
40.7
41.0

10.83
11.18
11.46

10.37
10.71
10.95

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1992:
September
October
November
December
1993:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
Augusf
September1*

41.0
41.3
41.6
41.9

$11.54
11.50
11.55
11.64

$11.01
10.96
11.01
11.09

$473.14
474.95
480.48
487.72

39.1
39.1
39.5
39.2

$13.59
13.57
13.64
13.58

$531.37
530.59
538.78
532.34

38.1
38.2
38.3
38.2

$11.44
11.44
11.52
11.52

$435.86
437.01
441.22
440.06

41.1
41.1
40.9
40.9
41.3
41.4
41.0
41.5
41.5

11.62
11.62
11.64
11.71
11.72
11.73
11.73
11.72
11.87

11.11
11.11
11.14
11.19
11.18
11.17
11.19
11.14
11.27

477.58
477.58
476.08
478.94
484.04
485.62
480.93
486.38
492.61

39.0
39.1
39.2
39.2
39.8
39.7
40.0
40.4
40.0

13.58
13.60
13.63
13.61
13.57
13.58
13.65
13.66
13.71

529.62
531.76
534.30
533.51
540.09
539.13
546.00
551.86
548.40

37.8
37.9
37.8
38.0
38.4
38.3
38.3
38.4
38.2

11.59
11.61
11.59
11.70
11.73
11.64
11.71
11.72
11.75

438.10
440.02
438.10
444.60
450.43
445.81
448.49
450.05
448.85

See footnotes at end of table.

126



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2
29.2
29.1
28.9

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03
6.12
6.31
6.53

147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
176.08
178.70
183.62
188.72

28.8
28.6
28.8

6.75
6.94
7.13

194.40
198.48
205.34

Weekly
earnings

Services
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126 00
134.67
143.52
153 45
163.67
175.27

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.3
35.9
35.8

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.36
8.73
9.06
9.53

209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.30
316.90
325.25
341.17

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.6
32.6

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.18
8.49
8.88
9.38

190 71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.75
265.85
275.93
289 49
305 79

35.8
35.7
35.8

9.97
10.39
10.82

356.93
370.92
387.36

32.5
32.4
32.5

9.83
10.23
10.55

319.48
331.45
342.88

Annual averages

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

. •

. .

. ..

1990
1991
1992

fMonthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1992:
September
October
November
December
1993:
January
February
March
April
May
June
JU|y
August**
September"
1

.. .
.. . .

29.0
28.7
28.7
29.2

$7.21
7.19
7.21
7.20

$209.09
206.35
206.93
210.24

35.5
35.6
36.2
35.6

$10.84
10.90
11.05
11.03

$384.82
388.04
400.01
392.67

32.2
32.4
32.6
32.3

$10.62
10.65
10.73
10.76

$341.96
345 06
349.80
347 55

28.0
28.2
27.8
28.5
28.9
29.1
29.6
29.7
28.9

7.27
7.26
7.28
7.27
7.28
7.26
7.24
7.23
7.31

203.56
204.73
202.38
207.20
210.39
211.27
214.30
214.73
211.26

35.7
35.7
35.5
35.7
36.2
35.6
35.6
36.3
35.4

11.13
11.19
11.17
11.21
11.34
11.20
11.24
11.35
11.35

397.34
399.48
396.54
400.20
410.51
398.72
400.14
412.01
401.79

32.2
32.3
32.3
32.3
32.7
32.6
32.8
33.1
32.4

10.83
10.83
10.81
10.77
10.78
10.68
10.64
10.68
10.83

348.73
349.81
349 16
347 87
352 51
348.17
348.99
353.51
350.89

Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.




p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1992 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1992 forward are subject to revision.

127

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Total private .
Mining .

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

34.9

34.3

34.8

35.1

34.5

44.5

43.9

44.1

45.0

44.5

43.8
42.0
47.0

43.0
41.8
45.3

42.7
41.3
44.1

Metal mining ...
Iron ores
Copper ores .

10
101
102

43.0
40.3
44.8

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining .

12
122

43.3
43.3

43.6
43.7

42.6
42.6

44.9
45.0

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas .
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

44.7
42.3
46.4

43.7
41.1
45.4

43.6
42.3
44.4

44.5
42.9
45.4

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels.
Crushed and broken stone

14
142

46.0
46.8

45.2
46.1

47.3
48.9

47.8
49.3

39.1

37.1

39.5

39.7

Construction ,

Average overtime hours

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

38.4

General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction .

15
152
153
154

38.3
37.2
39.4
39.4

36.5
36.2
37.5
36.8

38.2
37.6
38.7
38.8

38.5
37.9
38.9
39.1

Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway .

16
161
162

43.3
45.4
42.2

40.7
42.0
40.0

43.5
45.7
42.2

44.1
46.8
42.6

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work ...

17
171

38.1
39.3
37.1
39.5
35.2
36.3
35.8

36.3
37.6
36.1
37.2
33.9
34.6
34.2

38.9
40.1
37.3
40.0
36.1
36.4
36.1

38.9
39.8
37.6
40.1
36.0
36.9
36.4

41.1

41.0

41.0

41.5

41.5

4.0

3.9

4.0

4.3

4.5

41.5

41.1

41.6

42.1

42.0

3.9

3.7

4.0

4.4

4.5

41.0
40.2
41.8
42.1
40.7
41.2
40.7
41.0
40.6
43.7
39.0
40.9
41.3
40.2

40.3
40.4
41.3
41.7
39.9
40.0
39.6
39.4
40.3
42.3
39.3
39.4
39.4
40.2

40.6
40.9
41.6
42.0
40.3
40.0
39.9
40.1
39.5
38.6
39.2
41.7
42.2
39.7

41.2
41.4
42.2
42.6
40.9
41.1
40.2
41.0
41.2
42.8
39.1
41.3
41.6
40.3

41.2

4.2
5.5
4.6
4.9
3.5
4.0
3.4
4.0
4.0
5.2
3.1
3.8
4.0
3.2

3.6
5.1
4.0
4.3
3.0
3.2
2.7
3.0
3.8
4.6
2.8
2.8
3.0
3.3

4.1
5.6
4.7
5.0
3.4
3.6
3.0
3.4
3.6
4.4
3.4
4.2
4.5
3.1

4.4
6.2
5.1
5.5
3.5
4.0
3.0
4.2
4.3
5.0
3.2
4.4
4.5
3.2

39.9
39.1
39.3
37.9
39.6
41.6
39.0
42.8
41.5
41.7

39.4
38.7
38.3
38.1
40.0
41.2
38.0
41.5
41.4
41.3

39.7
38.3
38.8
37.0
39.2
39.7
42.2
41.5
41.8
40.7

40.6
39.4
39.8
38.3
41.0
40.7
42.4
43.0
42.5
41.3

40.2

3.1
2.5
2.4
2.0
3.0
4.1
3.2
4.7
4.7
3.6

2.9
2.2
2.1
1.8
3.0
3.8
2.9
3.9
4.7
3.5

3.0
2.1
2.2
1.3
2.2
3.7
4.5
4.4
4.8
3.0

3.5
2.6
2.7
2.1
3.2
3.8
4.5
5.5
5.3
3.2

172
173
174
175
176

Manufacturing.
Durable goods .
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ....
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture ....
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture .
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures .

25

See footnotes at end of table.

128



249
251
2511
2512

2514
2515
252
253
254
259

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

$10.55 $10.65 $10.75 $10.78 $10.90 $368.20 $365.30 $374.10 $378.38 $376.05

Total private

14.47

14.60

14.48

14.45

14.61 643.92

640.94

638.57

650.25

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

15.20
16.00
13.73

15.49
17.70
13.99

15.10
16.61
14.04

15.14
15.80
14.04

653.60
644.80
615.10

678.46
743.40
657.53

649.30
694.30
636.01

646.48
652.54
619.16

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

17.12
17.27

17.25
17.42

17.18
17.38

17.11
17.33

741.30
747.79

752.10
761.25

731.87
740.39

768.24
779.85

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

13.95
16.61
12.18

13.98
16.70
12.21

14.08
17.18
12.25

14.07
17.17
12.32

623.57
702.60
565.15

610.93
686.37
554.33

613.89
726.71
543.90

626.12
736.59
559.33

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

14
142

12.34
11.69

12.57
12.10

12.78
12.17

12.80
12.23

567.64
547.09

568.16
557.81

604.49
595.11

611.84
602.94

14.24

14.22

14.35

14.42

14.49 556.78

527.56

566.83

572.47

15
152
153
154

13.54
12.67
13.77
14.30

13.58
12.78
13.68
14.30

13.50
12.49
13.22
14.43

13.59
12.56
13.43
14.53

518.58
471.32
542.54
563.42

495.67
462.64
513.00
526.24

515.70
469.62
511.61
559.88

523.22
476.02
522.43
568.12

16
161
162

14.24
14.24
14.24

14.22
13.97
14.34

14.13
14.35
14.00

14.28
14.42
14.19

616.59
646.50
600.93

578.75
586.74
573.60

614.66
655.80
590.80

629.75
674.86
604.49

17

14.49
14.85
13.28
15.44
14.63
14.54
12.67

14.46
14.86
13.18
15.45
14.61
14.44
12.45

14.71
15.08
13.18
15.88
14.68
14.48
12.79

14.74
15.08
13.47
15.86
14.81
14.63
12.91

552.07
583.61
492.69
609.88
514.98
527.80
453.59

524.90
558.74
475.80
574.74
495.28
499.62
425.79

572.22
604.71
491.61
635.20
529.95
527.07
461.72

573.39
600.18
506.47
635.99
533.16
539.85
469.92

11.45

11.54

11.73

11.72

11.87 470.60

473.14

480.93

486.38

492.61

12.04

12.09

12.29

12.31

12.46 499.66

496.90

511.26

518.25

523.32

382.85
456.12
398.96
417.83
321.59
381.60
392.44
347.11
334.49
466.99
270.38
359.33
360.12
354.56

391.38
469.53
407.68
426.72
332.48
387.20
395.41
360.50
331.80
453.94
274.40
387.39
394.57
358.89

398.82
479.83
413.14
432.82
336.20
399.08
398.38
372.69
348.55
495.62
275.66
388.63
393.54
365.12

401.29

358.54
327.79
303.34
351.28
342.80
366.68
374.30
398.82
434.29
391.11

368.42
332.83
316.22
344.84
345.35
372.39
427.91
392.18
441.41
385.02

379.20
345.54
326.36
364.23
366.13
377.70
429.09
410.65
451.78
389.87

377.88

Mining

650.15

Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

171
172
173
174
175

176

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251

2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451

249

2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254

259

9.50
11.31
9.62
9.99
7.99
9.55
9.87
8.90
8.21
11.12
6.92
9.22
9.27
8.78
9.05
8.43
7.89
9.23
8.46
8.82
9.80
9.45
10.45
9.42

9.50

9.64

9.68

11.29

11.48

11.59

9.66

9.80
10.16

9.79
10.16
8.22
9.71
9.91
9.09
8.46
11.58
7.05
9.41
9.46
9.06

9.74 389.50
454.66
402.12
420.58
325.19
393.46
401.71
364.90
333.33
485.94
269.88
377.10
382.85
352.96

9.34
8.77
8.20
9.51
8.93
9.28
10.12
9.55
10.63
9.44

9.40 361.10
329.61
310.08
349.82
335.02
366.91
382.20
404.46
433.68
392.81

10.02

8.06
9.54
9.91
8.81
8.30
11.04

8.25

9.12
9.14

9.68
9.91
8.99
8.40
11.76
7.00
9.29
9.35

8.82

9.04

9.10
8.47
7.92
9.22
8.57
8.90
9.85
9.61
10.49
9.47

9.28
8.69
8.15
9.32
8.81
9.38

6.88

10.14
9.45

10.56
9.46

556.42

See footnotes at end of table.




129

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown .
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ...
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

1987
SIC
Code

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273

329
3291

3292
33
331

3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336

3365

34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws ... 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
3451
Screw machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
347
Metal services, nee
3471
Plating and polishing
3479
Metal coating and allied services
348
Ordnance and accessories, nee
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products
See footnotes at end of table.

130




Average weekly hours
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993"

Average overtime hours
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

42.9
44.2
42.4
43.1
41.7
41.6
41.6
41.1
40.3
44.9
45.5
44.1
44.9
42.1
41.8
41.5

43.0
45.0
43.9
44.5
43.3
41.1
43.4
41.3
41.2
43.9
43.8
42.8
43.8
42.9
40.9
42.1

43.0
43.7
42.4
43.5
41.3
40.7
42.3
41.3
40.6
44.8
45.9
43.7
45.0
42.8
41.6
42.4

43.5
46.8
42.8
43.8
41.8
42.2
41.9
41.1
41.7
45.2
46.2
43.8
45.8
42.6
41.7
43.3

43.3

5.5
6.0
5.0
6.3
3.8
3.4
3.8
3.6
3.4
7.5
7.3
6.4
8.0
5.2
3.9
6.0

5.3
6.5
5.9
7.0
4.9
3.4
4.0
3.4
3.9
6.2
5.8
5.2
6.4
5.4
3.6
5.6

5.5
4.9
4.5
5.8
3.3
3.0
4.4
3.9
3.2
7.9
8.0
6.2
8.7
5.2
3.7
4.9

5.9
9.1
4.7
6.2
3.4
4.0
3.8
3.8
4.1
8.2
8.3
6.3
9.3
4.8
3.5
6.3

43.0
43.9
44.2
43.1
42.9
43.8
43.6
40.7
42.4
42.3
43.1
42.5
45.3
42.1
40.7
41.6

43.2
44.5
44.7
43.5
42.4
42.8
44.7
41.4
44.1
43.5
43.3
42.8
46.4
42.1
40.4
40.8

43.6
44.7
45.1
43.6
43.2
43.8
41.9
41.3
42.5
41.7
44.1
44.3
45.4
43.7
40.1
40.1

43.4
43.9
44.2
42.8
43.9
44.9
41.2
41.5
42.1
41.6
43.9
44.5
44.8
43.3
40.9
41.4

43.8
44.4

5.4
5.8
6.0
5.4
5.3
5.8
6.8
3.9
5.5
5.9
6.0
6.5
8.2
4.9
3.3
3.9

5.4
6.0
6.2
5.2
4.9
5.3
6.3
3.9
6.0
6.3
6.0
6.4
9.5
4.6
3.1
3.7

5.6
6.1
6.4
5.5
5.3
5.6
8.2
4.3
5.4
4.9
6.6
7.7
7.8
6.2
3.2
3.4

5.7
5.8
6.0
4.9
6.0
6.8
6.4
4.2
5.2
5.0
6.5
6.8
7.5
6.3
3.9
4.5

41.6
43.5
43.8
41.1
40.9
40.8
41.3
41.8
39.9
41.5
42.1
40.4
42.1
41.0
41.4
41.7
41.3
42.1
41.9
40.6
42.6
41.0
41.1
40.5
42.0
41.5
40.5
41.4
41.5
40.1

41.0
43.0
43.2
40.3
40.1
39.9
41.3
41.5
39.3
40.9
41.6
40.3
41.6
40.1
40.4
40.2
40.3
40.1
41.5
40.0
41.8
41.1
40.4
39.8
41.3
42.1
42.5
40.9
41.6
39.8

41.4
44.8
44.5
40.1
39.3
40.3
40.5
39.6
40.6
41.5
43.0
40.0
41.6
40.9
41.5
41.3
41.2
41.5
41.3
39.6
41.9
41.0
40.7
40.2
41.6
41.0
41.0
41.8
41.6
41.2

42.1
44.6
44.3
41.5
41.2
41.3
42.0
40.7
42.1
42.0
43.0
40.5
42.7
41.3
41.7
41.9
41.7
42.2
43.0
41.9
43.9
41.9
40.7
40.1
41.7
42.0
42.0
42.2
42.8
41.4

41.6

3.9
6.2
6.2
3.0
3.0
2.7
4.0
3.7
3.4
4.1
4.8
3.5
4.5
3.5
4.3
4.1
3.7
4.7
3.8
3.5
3.9
3.7
3.7
3.2
4.4
3.7
3.0
3.8
3.9
3.0

3.6
5.5
5.3
2.7
2.7
2.5
3.8
3.9
2.8
3.7
4.2
3.2
4.1
3.1
3.7
3.2
2.9
3.6
3.8
2.6
4.0
3.7
3.5
3.0
4.3
3.7
3.2
3.4
3.6
2.7

4.0
6.5
6.4
3.2
2.9
3.3
3.4
2.3
3.1
4.4
5.3
3.7
4.4
3.9
3.9
4.1
3.9
4.3
3.7
3.6
3.7
3.5
3.8
3.3
4.5
3.3
2.9
3.8
3.7
3.8

4.4
6.4
6.4
3.8
3.5
3.7
4.2
2.6
4.4
4.6
5.0
4.0
5.0
4.0
4.3
4.5
4.2
4.9
4.8
4.6
5.3
4.0
3.7
3.3
4.4
3.5
3.2
4.0
4.3
3.6

Sept.
1993P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed

industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws ... 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
3451
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
3452
Metal forgings and stampings
346
Iron and steel forgings
3462
Automotive stampings
3465
Metal stampings, nee
3469
Metal services, nee
347
Plating and polishing
3471
Metal coating and allied services
3479
Ordnance and accessories, nee
348
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

$11.64 $11.79 $11.90 $11.88 $12.04 $499.36
17.46
16.51
17.61
17.54
729.74
13.31
13.05
13.37
13.35
553.32
14.05
13.76
13.87
13.81
593.06
12.60
12.36
12.88
12.89
515.41
10.19
10.01
10.16
10.24
416.42
15.15
14.66
14.80
14.96
609.86
10.15
9.98
10.38
10.32
410.18
10.16
10.14
10.25
10.26
408.64
11.19
11.26
11.49
11.44
505.57
10.62
10.68
10.88
10.76
485.94
10.11
10.15
10.28
10.31
447.62
11.80 12.07
11.94
12.15
536.11
12.46
12.18
12.35
512.78
12.53
10.45
10.26
10.47
10.72
428.87
13.09
12.92
13.88
536.18
13.75

Sept.
1992

July
1993

$506.97
785.70
584.31
625.23
545.58
418.81
657.51
419.20
418.59
491.24
465.16
432.71
516.84
534.53
427.41
551.09

$511.70
766.50
566.04
600.74
532.36
416.77
632.81
426.22
416.56
512.51
493.88
450.55
543.15
536.28
445.95
583.00

$516.78 $521.33
824.15
572.24
607.51
538.38
428.75
620.12
426.62
427.43
519.35
502.66
450.26
556.47
526.11
436.60
601.00

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

13.73
15.96
16.95
12.59
12.20
12.63
13.14
11.51
15.16
15.50
12.89
12.41
15.46
12.92
10.88
10.37

13.92
16.30
17.36
12.62
12.19
12.63
13.06
11.58
15.46
15.91
13.11
12.59
16.02
13.00
10.81
10.38

14.07
16.52
17.65
12.84
12.33
12.78
14.17
11.52
15.27
15.39
13.20
12.90
15.68
13.32
11.07
10.67

13.99
16.41
17.53
12.78
12.34
12.85
12.88
11.51
15.38
15.55
13.21
12.78
15.61
13.30
11.07
10.69

14.26 590.39
16.74 700.64
749.19
542.63
523.38
553.19
572.90
468.46
642.78
655.65
555.56
527.43
700.34
543.93
442.82
431.39

601.34
725.35
775.99
548.97
516.86
540.56
583.78
479.41
681.79
692.09
567.66
538.85
743.33
547.30
436.72
423.50

613.45
738.44
796.02
559.82
532.66
559.76
593.72
475.78
648.98
641.76
582.12
571.47
711.87
582.08
443.91
427.87

607.17
720.40
774.83
546.98
541.73
576.97
530.66
477.67
647.50
646.88
579.92
568.71
699.33
575.89
452.76
442.57

624.59
743.26

11.42
14.97
16.00
11.19
10.45
11.36
10.31
9.77
10.54
10.69
10.71
9.00
11.91
10.95
10.18
11.37
10.53
12.28
13.50
13.66
15.30
10.86
9.48
9.41
9.60
12.57
12.31
10.73
11.47
9.40

11.44
14.74
15.73
11.15
10.45
11.29
10.42
9.93
10.52
10.72
10.71
9.00
12.03
10.94
10.24
11.36
10.56
12.27
13.58
13.37
15.59
10.89
9.58
9.51
9.69
12.57
12.14
10.70
11.40
9.41

11.65
15.39
16.52
11.57
11.03
11.53
10.45
9.82
10.50
10.96
10.80
9.34
12.32
11.28
10.05
11.40
10.72
12.17
13.77
13.45
15.80
11.11
9.67
9.70
9.61
13.48
13.64
10.89
11.37
9.70

11.68
15.15
16.23
11.48
10.97
11.35
10.59
9.94
10.81
10.93
10.80
9.29
12.43
11.14
10.07
11.47
10.69
12.34
13.91
13.59
15.92
11.13
9.64
9.65
9.62
13.55
13.84
10.88
11.28
9.76

11.83 475.07
651.20
700.80
459.91
427.41
463.49
425.80
408.39
420.55
443.64
450.89
363.60
501.41
448.95
421.45
474.13
434.89
516.99
565.65
554.60
651.78
445.26
389.63
381.11
403.20
521.66
498.56
444.22
476.01
376.94

469.04
633.82
679.54
449.35
419.05
450.47
430.35
412.10
413.44
438.45
445.54
362.70
500.45
438.69
413.70
456.67
425.57
492.03
563.57
534.80
651.66
447.58
387.03
378.50
400.20
529.20
515.95
437.63
474.24
374.52

482.31
689.47
735.14
463.96
433.48
464.66
423.23
388.87
426.30
454.84
464.40
373.60
512.51
461.35
417.08
470.82
441.66
505.06
568.70
532.62
662.02
455.51
393.57
389.94
399.78
552.68
559.24
455.20
472.99
399.64

491.73
675.69
718.99
476.42
451.96
468.76
444.78
404.56
455.10
459.06
464.40
376.25
530.76
460.08
419.92
480.59
445.77
520.75
598.13
569.42
698.89
466.35
392.35
386.97
401.15
569.10
581.28
459.14
482.78
404.06

492.13

See footnotes at end of table.




131

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee .
Electronic and other electrical equipment..
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus .
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers ....
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment....
Household audio and video equipment.
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories .
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies ..
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

See footnotes at end of table.

132




1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993"

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

41.9
42.7
42.9
42.7
39.3
40.0
43.5
44.6
40.2
45.1
43.2
40.1
42.3
41.7
41.0
43.0
42.0
42.4
41.2
42.1
38.7
42.2
41.5
41.3
42.1
42.9
41.0
41.5
39.8
41.8
41.3

41.5
42.7
43.0
42.6
39.5
40.2
43.2
44.1
40.5
45.3
42.7
40.1
41.8
40.7
41.8
42.5
41.4
41.6
41.3
41.9
41.3
41.4
41.2
40.5
41.0
42.9
39.6
42.6
40.8
41.6
40.8

42.6
45.1
43.8
45.6
42.1
42.3
44.1
44.8
40.5
46.4
44.1
40.7
43.1
42.5
43.3
43.7
42.3
43.3
41.7
40.5
41.7
41.4
42.6
43.0
42.7
41.8
42.1
43.3
42.6
41.7
42.3

42.6
43.4
43.0
43.6
42.2
42.7
43.9
43.7
40.6
47.5
43.8
41.4
43.0
42.2
42.2
43.5
42.2
43.1
42.3
41.6
40.4
42.3
42.3
42.0
42.5
43.0
41.9
42.2
42.4
42.3
42.4

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

40.4
41.2
41.5
42.1
40.7
42.2

42.4
40.5
40.8
41.0
39.5
41.2

42.4
41.9
42.6
41.8
41.0
41.9

41.4
41.7
41.9
42.2
42.2
42.2

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

41.0
41.4
40.7
42.2
40.9
41.3
39.6
39.7
38.5
39.7
41.0
40.5
42.3
39.0
43.8
38.5
41.6
41.2
41.5
42.2
40.8
40.2
41.9
39.5
42.1
43.8
41.7

40.8
40.9
40.0
41.9
41.2
41.2
40.5
39.6
38.7
38.8
41.1
40.5
42.5
39.9
43.4
37.5
41.4
40.8
41.0
42.4
40.7
40.7
42.9
38.7
41.6
42.8
41.4

41.1
41.3
41.3
41.3
41.7
41.7
41.7
40.3
43.3
35.8
41.1
41.0
42.8
39.9
41.1
38.2
40.4
39.8
42.5
43.5
40.4
41.0
41.7
39.1
41.7
43.3
42.0

41.7
41.3
41.2
41.5
41.8
41.6
41.6
40.6
41.6
39.8
41.2
41.3
44.3
39.9
41.2
40.2
42.3
41.3
43.4
44.6
41.1
41.4
42.2
39.9
42.5
43.4
43.1

Average overtime hours
Sept.
1993P

42.4

41.5

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

4.0
4.5
5.0
4.3
2.9
3.3
4.3
3.8
3.4
5.8
4.8
3.3
4.7
4.1
3.4
5.5
3.9
3.6
3.8
3.9
3.6
4.6
4.0
3.8
4.6
4.7
4.0
5.1
2.9
2.9
2.9

3.7
4.1
5.3
3.6
2.9
3.1
3.8
3.3
3.3
5.5
4.3
2.9
4.3
3.8
4.3
5.0
3.6
3.2
3.9
3.2
5.1
3.9
3.6
3.3
3.7
4.6
3.0
5.1
3.5
3.3
3.5

4.5
4.3
3.9
4.5
4.1
4.5
5.2
4.7
3.8
6.6
6.2
3.8
5.2
4.3
5.0
6.1
3.7
4.7
4.5
3.6
4.2
4.5
4.4
4.8
5.3
3.8
4.1
5.3
3.8
3.1
3.1

4.6
4.9
5.2
4.8
4.0
4.5
5.0
4.4
4.0
6.9
5.9
3.9
5.2
4.3
4.2
6.2
3.6
4.5
4.7
4.3
3.8
5.1
4.5
4.4
5.3
4.3
4.6
5.4
4.2
3.3
3.4

3.6
3.6
3.9
4.4
3.5
4.5

3.2
3.0
3.2
3.7
3.1
3.9

3.4
4.5
5.0
4.3
3.8
4.4

3.6
4.9
5.2
4.6
4.4
4.7

3.4
3.5
3.4
3.6
2.8
2.8
2.2
2.9
2.4
1.9
3.2
3.2
3.7
2.6
4.3
2.6
4.2
3.5
3.3
3.9
3.6
3.3
4.4
2.6
3.8
4.8
3.6

3.4
3.2
3.2
3.2
2.7
2.6
2.4
2.9
2.6
1.7
3.7
3.0
3.3
2.6
3.9
2.3
4.2
3.6
3.3
4.2
3.7
3.3
5.1
2.4
3.5
4.3
3.3

3.5
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.5
3.5
3.1
2.9
3.5
2.0
3.2
3.5
3.7
2.9
2.8
2.2
3.5
2.8
3.4
3.5
3.7
4.5
5.0
2.8
3.8
4.2
3.8

3.8
3.9
4.0
3.7
3.1
3.0
2.9
3.0
2.6
2.4
3.9
3.7
4.4
3.0
2.8
3.2
4.8
3.8
3.5
3.2
3.9
4.2
4.9
3.0
4.7
5.0
5.1

Sept.
1993P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1987
SIC
Code

35
351

3511
3519
352
3523
353

3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555

3556
356
3561

3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571
3575,8,9
358
3585

359
3592

3596,9
36
361
3612
3613

362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641

3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674

3679
369
3691

3694

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

$12.43 $12.46 $12.76 $12.73 $12.88 $520.82
16.09
16.06
15.86
15.80
674.66
16.51
16.75
16.57
16.44
705.28
15.92
15.76
15.54
15.52
662.70
12.08
12.04
11.97
11.65
457.85
12.82
12.90
12.72
12.38
495.20
13.01
12.94
12.71
12.65
550.28
14.52
14.24
14.34
14.17
631.98
13.03
13.22
12.67
12.65
508.53
11.84
12.01
11.42
11.54
520.45
11.95
12.02
11.46
11.48
495.94
11.28
11.28
11.00
11.08
444.31
13.32
13.28
12.97
12.89
545.25
13.60
13.59
13.46
13.37
557.53
13.56
13.38
13.10
12.91
529.31
13.93
13.88
13.49
13.41
576.63
11.66
11.67
11.57
11.54
484.68
11.05
10.94
10.55
10.50
445.20
13.20
13.11
12.86
12.72
524.06
11.29
11.26
10.84
10.86
457.21
14.71
14.65
14.97
14.39
556.89
12.90
12.85
12.63
12.66
534.25
12.39
12.42
12.10
12.07
500.91
13.11
13.20
12.94
12.85
530.71
13.50
13.63
13.04
13.04
548.98
12.44
12.35
12.19
12.17
522.09
10.52
10.50
10.29
10.25
420.25
13.34
13.41
12.83
12.86
533.69
12.34
12.31
11.80
11.81
470.04
12.64
12.72
12.18
12.44
519.99
13.82
14.15
12.86
13.14
542.68

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

$517.09 $543.58 $542.30 $546.11
677.22 725.66 697.00
712.51 723.14 720.25

662.00
472.82
511.34
549.07

632.39
513.14
517.33

489.34
441.10
542.15
547.82
547.58
573.33

725.95
508.57
542.29
573.74
650.50
527.72
549.38
527.00
459.10

574.09
578.00
587.15

479.00

608.74
493.22

438.88
531.12
454.20
618.26
522.88
498.52
524.07

478.47
550.44
457.25
613.41
534.06
527.81
563.73

534.64
522.95

576.45
519.99
442.89
577.62

407.48
546.56
481.44

687.14
508.09
550.83
568.07

622.29
536.73
570.48
526.48
466.99
571.04
573.50
564.64
603.78

492.47
471.51
554.55

468.42
591.86

543.56
525.37
554.40
579.28
531.05
439.95
565.90

525.68

521.94

506.69
524.69

527.09
584.59

538.06
599.96

12.62
11.30
11.40
11.93
12.92
11.61

12.21
11.38
11.49
11.89
12.70
11.58

12.61
11.55
11.75
12.16
13.02
11.85

12.46
11.49
11.66
12.16
13.08
11.84

509.85
465.56
473.10
502.25
525.84
489.94

517.70
460.89
468.79
487.49
501.65
477.10

534.66
483.95
500.55
508.29
533.82
496.52

515.84
479.13
488.55
513.15
551.98
499.65

11.02
10.89
10.44
11.34
10.33
9.84
11.12
10.55
11.38
12.76
8.03
10.83
12.04
10.74
10.12
8.27
10.71
11.01
11.46
12.10
10.97
12.49
13.95
9.71
12.19
13.15
12.84

11.03
10.94
10.60
11.27
10.39
9.82
11.33
10.49
11.33
12.83
8.06
10.84
12.06
10.71
10.20
8.19
10.67
11.02
11.59
12.29
10.94
12.72
13.66
9.81
12.26
13.28
12.92

11.25
10.98
10.37
11.62
10.66
9.92
12.00
10.49
11.58
12.43
8.27
11.00
11.41
10.94
10.60
8.55
10.84
11.09
11.64
12.50
11.36
13.05
14.76
9.48
12.44
13.37
13.10

11.25
11.08
10.49
11.68
10.73
9.94
12.14
10.42
11.42
12.58
8.31
10.95
11.53
10.95
10.56
8.34
10.93
11.29
11.59
12.40
11.30
13.05
14.58
9.52
12.58
13.76
13.28

11.33 451.82

450.02
447.45
424.00
472.21
428.07
404.58
458.87
415.40
438.47
497.80
331.27
439.02
512.55
427.33
442.68
307.13
441.74
449.62
475.19
521.10
445.26
517.70
586.01
379.65
510.02
568.38
534.89

462.38
453.47
428.28
479.91
444.52
413.66
500.40
422.75
501.41
444.99
339.90
451.00
488.35
436.51
435.66
326.61
437.94
441.38
494.70
543.75
458.94
535.05
615.49
370.67
518.75
578.92
550.20

469.13
457.60
432.19
484.72
448.51
413.50
505.02
423.05
475.07
500.68
342.37
452.24
510.78
436.91
435.07
335.27
462.34
466.28
503.01
553.04
464.43
540.27
615.28
379.85
534.65
597.18
572.37

450.85
424.91
478.55
422.50
406.39
440.35
418.84
438.13
506.57
329.23
438.62
509.29
418.86
443.26
318.40
445.54
453.61
475.59
510.62
447.58
502.10
584.51
383.55
513.20
575.97
535.43

Sept.
1993P

470.20

See footnotes at end of table.




133

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts.
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts .
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

1987
SIC
Code

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372

3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
38

381
382
3822
3823
3825
384

3841
3842
385
386
387

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961

399
3993

Nondurable goods .
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing ...
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ....
Prepared feeds, nee
See footnotes at end of table.

134




20
201

2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993 P

Average overtime hours
Sept.
1993 P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

41.9
42.7
42.3
42.8
43.2
41.7
41.4
41.4
41.9
40.9
40.0
40.5
38.9
41.1
40.6
40.5
39.6
39.8

41.1
41.4
40.0
42.7
42.4
40.9
41.2
41.3
42.2
40.2
39.9
40.4
38.5
40.1
40.3
40.2
39.2
38.7

41.8
42.5
42.0
44.3
42.6
42.6
41.4
41.0
43.6
40.6
39.8
40.2
38.8
40.6
42.0
42.9
40.4
40.4

42.7
44.0
43.4
43.9
44.7
42.3
41.5
40.5
43.7
41.8
39.8
39.9
39.5
42.3
41.3
42.0
40.2
39.4

42.8
44.1

3.9
4.4
3.8
4.6
4.9
4.3
3.7
3.7
4.4
3.2
3.0
3.2
2.7
3.1
2.8
3.2
2.3
2.0

3.6
3.9
3.3
4.3
4.4
3.6
3.7
3.8
4.3
3.2
3.1
3.5
2.1
2.6
2.6
2.9
1.8
.8

3.7
3.9
3.4
4.4
4.2
4.5
3.8
3.7
4.9
3.3
2.6
2.4
2.8
2.6
3.0
3.5
3.4
3.0

4.8
5.9
5.9
4.6
6.3
4.0
4.0
3.7
5.1
3.8
2.5
2.2
3.0
3.6
2.9
3.2
3.1
2.4

40.9
40.1
40.9
40.0
42.0
40.0
41.2
42.2
40.0
38.5
43.0
38.5

40.8
40.7
40.5
39.3
41.6
39.4
40.9
41.7
39.8
38.5
43.6
37.9

40.6
40.4
40.6
39.6
40.4
40.9
40.6
41.2
39.9
39.8
42.3
38.2

40.8
40.1
41.0
40.2
41.3
41.3
40.9
41.3
40.3
40.2
41.0
43.4

41.1

2.7
2.2
2.6
2.7
2.7
1.9
2.9
2.9
2.8
2.3
4.1
1.0

2.7
2.0
2.5
2.8
3.1
1.5
2.8
2.7
2.7
1.8
4.4
1.4

2.6
1.9
2.3
2.7
2.2
1.7
2.7
2.8
2.6
2.1
4.5
2.3

2.7
2.0
2.6
3.0
2.1
2.2
2.8
2.9
2.5
2.9
4.2
3.4

39.9
38.2
37.6
38.8
40.5
40.0
40.8
39.5
41.2
41.3
40.1
40.1

39.4
38.1
37.6
39.1
39.9
39.3
40.3
39.3
40.6
41.4
39.3
39.9

38.9
36.3
35.7
38.5
39.2
37.7
40.1
40.9
37.8
36.8
39.4
39.9

39.7
37.8
37.4
39.1
39.7
38.4
40.5
40.4
40.3
39.5
40.1
40.1

39.9

2.8
2.3
2.3
2.0
3.1
3.1
3.1
2.3
3.4
3.2
3.0
3.5

2.7
2.8
2.9
1.9
2.9
2.8
2.9
2.1
2.9
3.4
2.8
3.5

2.5
1.0
1.0
1.7
2.6
1.8
3.2
2.9
2.2
2.0
2.9
3.0

2.9
1.8
1.6
1.7
2.8
2.1
3.3
2.9
3.6
3.4
3.3
3.3

40.6

40.8

40.3

40.7

40.9

4.1

4.3

3.9

4.2

41.1
40.4
41.9
41.7
38.9
41.5
40.3
42.5
41.8
43.7
43.3
40.6
44.2
48.4
44.1

41.5
41.1
42.5
42.6
39.8
43.2
41.9
44.7
41.6
47.2
42.3
40.2
45.6
49.3
44.9

40.6
40.3
40.9
42.7
39.1
42.3
40.2
42.6
39.2
42.7
39.9
36.9
44.5
47.0
43.4

41.2
40.5
41.4
42.5
39.2
41.8
40.7
42.0
41.0
44.8
41.9
39.9
44.8
47.4
43.1

41.4

5.1
4.5
5.5
5.2
3.6
4.4
3.8
4.6
6.4
6.9
7.3
5.6
6.8
7.4
6.4

5.3
4.6
5.7
5.5
3.6
5.5
4.9
6.1
6.2
9.5
7.1
5.2
8.2
8.7
6.7

4.9
4.3
4.7
5.8
3.6
4.9
3.2
4.7
5.0
5.7
5.7
4.8
6.6
6.8
6.2

5.2
4.3
4.9
5.8
3.5
4.4
3.5
4.5
6.2
6.5
7.2
5.4
6.9
7.4
6.3

Sept.
1993P

4.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..

Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1987
SIC
Code

37
371

3711
3713
3714

3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373

3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

12.25
16.33
12.18
10.59
11.82
13.49
10.83
10.70
10.13

7.76

9.09
9.53
9.50
8.89
8.47
8.31
8.57
9.90
7.85
6.96
9.56
9.91

9.15
9.52
9.46
8.87
8.64
8.28
8.86
9.89
7.83
6.99
9.61
10.05

9.37
9.58
9.46
9.38
8.85
8.49
9.05
10.30
8.39
7.60
9.71
9.90

9.32
9.60
9.45
9.23
8.72
8.53
8.83
10.29
8.16
7.24
9.73

10.72

10.85

20
201

10.13
8.34

2011

9.21
9.64
7.27
11.33
10.20
12.04
9.51
12.56
9.83
8.48
12.26
10.98
9.80

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

3841
3842
385
386
387

Nondurable goods

2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204

2041
2048

Average weekly earnings

Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

$15.27 $15.33 $15.57 $15.75 $15.98 $639.81 $630.06 $650.83 $672.53 $683.94
15.50 15.53 15.70 15.98 16.31 661.85 642.94 667.25 703.12 719.27
777.05 732.80 802.62 838.92
18.37 18.32 19.11 19.33
600.06 606.34 582.99 598.80
14.02 14.20 13.16 13.64
616.03 608.86 613.01 656.20
14.26 14.36 14.39 14.68
9.75
9.64
409.49 398.78 413.65 407.77
9.82
9.71
689.31 690.92 714.56 719.61
16.65 16.77 17.26 17.34
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
$686.32 $689.55 $723.76 $721.49
$16.38 $16.34 $16.60 $16.51
610.23 608.23 643.51 667.55
14.92 15.13 15.85 15.97
483.60 487.18 492.72 493.12
12.09 12.21 12.38 12.39
528.12 533.68 539.89 539.05
13.04 13.21 13.43 13.51
374.22 369.99 388.00 391.45
9.62
9.91
9.61 10.00
596.36 583.05 603.32 628.58
14.51 14.54 14.86 14.86
651.63 650.85 706.02 695.49
16.05 16.15 16.81 16.84
2
2
2
2
()
()
()
()
$427.68 $428.46 $450.46 $450.64
$10.80 $10.93 $11.15 $11.21
398.80 386.23 441.57 436.95
10.02
9.98 10.93 11.09
12.26
16.20
12.11
10.72
11.63
13.37
10.85
10.77
10.17
8.76
14.81
8.32

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee

Average hourly earnings

12.34 486.71
623.15
473.62
396.80
478.80
491.60
433.01
451.96
398.40
327.64
629.09
306.46

489.19
641.43
471.02
393.00
477.98
487.38
432.72
448.69
399.99
324.56
640.92
294.10

497.76
654.48
491.67
424.51
469.85
546.83
440.51
443.72
405.78
348.65
626.46
317.82

499.80
654.83
499.38
425.72
488.17
557.14
442.95
441.91
408.24
355.37
601.06
354.58

507.17

360.51
362.71
355.70
346.82
344.74
325.40
357.06
388.68
317.90
289.39
377.67
401.00

364.49
347.75
337.72
361.13
346.92
320.07
362.91
421.27
317.14
279.68
382.57
395.01

370.00
362.88
353.43
360.89
346.18
327.55
357.62
415.72
328.85
285.98
390.17
401.00

375.86

10.00

9.42 362.69
364.05
357.20
344.93
343.04
332.40
349.66
391.05
323.42
287.45
383.36
397.39

11.02

10.97

11.13 435.23

442.68

444.11

446.48

455.22

10.22

10.47

8.39
9.27
9.64
7.34
11.58
10.44
12.39
9.53

8.52
9.31
9.98
7.48
11.62

10.41
8.51
9.34
9.89
7.47
11.65
10.46

13.22
10.45

424.13
344.83
393.98
410.66
292.13
500.26
437.44
553.83
396.45
607.94
403.54
341.70
570.46
539.84
448.10

425.08
343.36
380.78
426.15
292.47
491.53
414.86
526.96
396.31
564.49
416.96
337.27
566.04
500.55
440.94

428.89
344.66
386.68
420.33
292.82
486.97
425.72
518.70
408.77
576.13
433.25
349.13
563.14
497.70
436.60

435.11

12.88

10.51 416.34
336.94
385.90
401.99
282.80
470.20
411.06
511.70
397.52
548.87
425.64
344.29
541.89
531.43
432.18

11.90
15.54
11.58
9.92
11.40
12.29
10.51
10.71
9.96

11.99
15.76
11.63
10.00
11.49
12.37
10.58
10.76
10.05

8.51
14.63

8.43
14.70

7.96

9.54
8.50
12.51
10.95
9.98

10.32

12.37
10.11
9.14
12.72
10.65

10.16

8.84
14.66

8.17

12.35

9.97
12.86
10.34
8.75
12.57

10.50
10.13

See footnotes at end of table.




135

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Average overtime hours
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

205
2051

39.7
39.2

39.6
39.1

39.5
39.5

39.7
39.4

4.4
4.4

4.6
4.8

4.6
4.8

4.7
4.5

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

40.5
40.8
40.3
45.5
43.0
39.2
43.5
41.5
42.8
41.1
40.0

40.6
40.8
38.6
48.4
42.5
38.8
44.7
41.9
42.5
40.9
40.0

39.5
40.0
45.2
46.5
40.5
39.1
43.7
42.7
42.9
43.6
39.7

40.2
40.8
46.2
46.5
39.3
39.5
44.1
41.9
42.4
43.0
41.2

4.3
4.4
3.8
7.9
5.3
3.9
5.8
5.2
6.9
4.7
5.0

4.3
4.5
4.5
10.4
6.4
2.9
6.7
5.3
7.3
4.1
4.8

4.3
3.7
5.7
8.4
4.6
3.0
6.0
6.1
7.5
6.3
4.8

5.1
4.4
6.4
10.0
5.0
3.4
6.2
5.7
7.4
5.9
5.7

Tobacco products .
Cigarettes

21
211

39.1
38.7

38.6
38.1

36.0
35.4

37.4
37.2

38.1

2.1
2.2

2.6
3.2

2.3
2.3

1.9
1.7

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics .
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks ....
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

41.4
42.5
41.7
40.8
40.0
40.1
38.9
38.8
40.6
39.6
41.3
42.8
42.5
42.8
42.8
40.8
41.1
38.4
42.5

41.6
43.7
42.6
40.3
39.5
39.5
38.1
37.0
40.2
40.0
40.7
43.1
43.5
42.8
43.5
41.0
41.5
38.0
42.8

40.9
40.2
41.1
44.1
40.4
39.7
36.0
39.4
40.4
40.1
40.2
42.2
43.2
39.6
43.4
40.1
40.6
36.0
42.7

41.7
42.4
42.0
43.6
40.0
40.1
37.1
39.6
40.6
39.9
40.3
43.2
43.8
42.5
44.0
41.3
41.6
38.0
43.4

41.9

4.5
6.0
4.4
6.4
3.1
3.6
3.1
2.9
4.0
2.3
4.4
5.6
5.5
5.5
5.3
4.1
4.2
3.2
4.5

4.4
7.1
4.4
4.4
2.7
3.1
2.6
2.1
4.0
1.6
4.0
5.6
5.8
5.6
4.7
3.8
4.0
2.3
4.5

4.2
5.0
3.9
6.3
2.9
3.1
1.7
3.5
3.1
2.1
4.2
5.2
5.8
4.2
6.0
4.1
4.1
3.3
4.5

4.7
6.1
4.5
5.7
3.0
3.3
1.9
3.4
3.2
2.5
3.8
6.0
6.3
5.7
6.5
4.4
4.5
3.3
5.1

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts ..
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses ....
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

37.4
35.9
37.4
37.3
36.8
37.5
36.7
35.4
36.0
38.0
36.8
38.5
39.1
36.0
36.2
34.9
37.2
39.0
37.6
38.7
40.5

36.7
35.2
36.6
36.3
36.0
36.6
35.7
35.1
34.7
35.6
36.1
37.6
38.3
34.7
35.6
36.0
36.7
38.8
38.3
38.6
40.1

37.0
36.6
36.9
35.5
37.6
37.2
36.3
36.0
35.9
37.0
36.4
37.0
37.3
35.5
37.1
36.8
37.3
37.9
36.3
36.9
38.3

37.5
36.0
37.3
36.2
37.0
37.5
36.5
35.9
36.9
36.9
36.4
38.3
38.5
37.6
36.9
36.0
37.4
39.5
38.9
39.8
40.0

37.0

2.0
.9
1.8
1.4
1.8
1.9
1.8
1.0
1.9
2.2
1.9
2.3
2.4
2.0
1.5
1.5
1.5
2.8
1.8
2.8
3.6

1.7
.8
1.6
1.2
1.5
1.6
1.5
.8
1.5
2.0
1.6
2.2
2.3
1.7
1.3
1.5
1.4
2.6
2.5
2.7
3.3

1.7
1.1
1.5
1.0
1.9
1.3
1.6
1.3
2.1
1.6
1.6
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.5
1.5
1.3
2.3
1.6
2.0
2.2

1.9
1.0
1.6
1.1
1.7
1.6
1.8
1.2
2.4
1.7
1.7
1.9
2.0
1.5
1.6
1.5
1.6
3.2
2.6
3.4
3.7

Paper and allied products .
Paper mills

26
262
263

43.4
45.0
44.5

44.4
47.5
46.8

43.2
44.9
44.6

43.4
44.6
44.6

44.0

5.5
6.2
7.1

6.3
8.3
8.5

5.4
6.2
6.7

5.4
6.0
6.8

Paperboard mills
See footnotes at end of table.

136



Sept.
1993P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
....
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

205
2051

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

$11.47 $11.63 $11.78 $11.77
11.40 11.57
11.78
11.67

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993 P

Sept.
1993P

$455.36 $460.55 $465.31 $467.27
446.88 452.39 465.31 459.80

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

11.61
11.14
10.69
15.19
12.32
10.25
11.03
14.37
19.57
11.70
9.30

11.74
10.95
10.70
15.63
11.70
9.91
11.13
14.54
19.80
11.86
9.37

11.78
11.66
10.37
16.11
13.00
10.66
11.10
14.60
20.03
12.07
9.40

11.97
11.55
10.68
16.37
13.16
10.41
11.09
14.48
19.94
11.92
9.51

470.21
454.51
430.81
691.15
529.76
401.80
479.81
596.36
837.60
480.87
372.00

476.64
446.76
413.02
756.49
497.25
384.51
497.51
609.23
841.50
485.07
374.80

465.31
466.40
468.72
749.12
526.50
416.81
485.07
623.42
859.29
526.25
373.18

481.19
471.24
493.42
761.21
517.19
411.20
489.07
606.71
845.46
512.56
391.81

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

16.56
20.96

16.39
21.19

18.62
21.18

17.40 $15.98 647.50
21.16
811.15

632.65
807.34

670.32
749.77

650.76
787.15

$608.84

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

8.61
8.93
9.29
9.01
8.17
7.92
7.52
7.54
7.70
7.74
8.76
9.00
8.99
9.33
8.57
8.33
8.27
8.72
10.10

8.67
9.05
9.39
9.11
8.16
7.95
7.46
7.53
7.81
7.80
8.82
9.02
8.98
9.35
8.57
8.37
8.35
8.63
10.16

8.88
9.30
9.70
9.40
8.24
8.09
7.53
7.79
7.71
8.14
9.16
9.12
9.10
9.53
8.98
8.59
8.54
9.06
10.43

8.92
9.31
9.77
9.37
8.26
8.13
7.55
7.83
7.79
8.22
9.09
9.19
9.10
9.73
8.98
8.61
8.57
9.01
10.43

8.97 356.45
379.53
387.39
367.61
326.80
317.59
292.53
292.55
312.62
306.50
361.79
385.20
382.08
399.32
366.80
339.86
339.90
334.85
429.25

360.67
395.49
400.01
367.13
322.32
314.03
284.23
278.61
313.96
312.00
358.97
388.76
390.63
400.18
372.80
343.17
346.53
327.94
434.85

363.19
373.86
398.67
414.54
332.90
321.17
271.08
306.93
311.48
326.41
368.23
384.86
393.12
377.39
389.73
344.46
346.72
326.16
445.36

371.96
394.74
410.34
408.53
330.40
326.01
280.11
310.07
316.27
327.98
366.33
397.01
398.58
413.53
395.12
355.59
356.51
342.38
452.66

375.84

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

6.97
7.53
6.50
6.49
6.36
6.31
6.56
6.00
6.95
7.01
6.46
6.76
6.58
7.66
6.33
6.32
6.79
8.36
7.05
7.12
11.24

7.00
7.59
6.56
6.51
6.40
6.34
6.63
6.03
7.12
7.15
6.52
6.87
6.70
7.71
6.31
6.31
6.82
8.26
7.09
7.13
11.00

7.02
7.82
6.68
6.65
6.55
6.48
6.65
6.09
7.36
7.03
6.52
6.78
6.58
7.69
6.38
6.29
6.78
8.06
7.25
7.25
9.80

7.07
7.62
6.67
6.63
6.51
6.43
6.74
6.21
7.33
7.15
6.60
6.82
6.65
7.57
6.40
6.41
6.91
8.20
7.13
7.35
10.23

7.16 260.68
270.33
243.10
242.08
234.05
236.63
240.75
212.40
250.20
266.38
237.73
260.26
257.28
275.76
229.15
220.57
252.59
326.04
265.08
275.54
455.22

256.90
267.17
240.10
236.31
230.40
232.04
236.69
211.65
247.06
254.54
235.37
258.31
256.61
267.54
224.64
227.16
250.29
320.49
271.55
275.22
441.10

259.74
286.21
246.49
236.08
246.28
241.06
241.40
219.24
264.22
260.11
237.33
250.86
245.43
273.00
236.70
231.47
252.89
305.47
263.18
267.53
375.34

265.13
274.32
248.79
240.01
240.87
241.13
246.01
222.94
270.48
263.84
240.24
261.21
256.03
284.63
236.16
230.76
258.43
323.90
277.36
292.53
409.20

264.92

Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills

26
262
263

13.05
16.06
16.16

13.33
16.49
16.60

13.50
16.74
16.80

13.41
16.67
16.76

13.72 566.37
722.70
719.12

591.85
783.28
776.88

583.20
751.63
749.28

581.99
743.48
747.50

603.68

S e e footnotes at end of table.




137

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated.
Envelopes

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

43.3
44.2
42.0
42.9
42.1
42.8
41.8
41.0

43.0
44.0
40.7
42.9
42.6
42.4
43.4
41.0

43.1
43.6
43.6
42.9
41.7
41.7
41.8
40.6

43.5
44.6
42.7
42.8
42.2
42.5
42.4
41.5

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

38.3
33.0
38.1
39.9
38.7
41.3
35.9
40.1
40.2
39.3
41.3
38.4
39.6

38.6
33.7
38.3
39.6
38.0
41.6
35.6
40.6
40.8
39.5
41.1
38.4
39.2

38.1
32.8
37.4
40.0
39.4
40.7
37.0
39.6
39.5
39.5
41.7
38.6
39.0

38.3
32.9
37.5
39.9
38.9
41.0
37.2
39.9
39.9
39.5
41.5
39.4
39.6

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations.
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

42.8
42.9
42.9
43.6
43.9
43.8
41.7
41.6
41.4
42.2
42.1
40.6
42.0
44.9
44.5
45.0
44.0
42.4

43.4
43.9
43.6
45.1
45.6
45.0
42.2
41.9
40.8
41.5
40.8
40.4
41.5
46.4
45.8
46.5
46.5
42.2

43.0
43.6
43.5
43.9
44.5
43.3
41.2
40.9
42.2
43.4
41.2
42.1
42.9
45.0
43.6
45.3
44.0
42.8

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials .

29
291
295

43.4
42.7
46.4

43.8
43.2
46.7

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting .
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

41.6
44.1
42.6
40.9
42.1
41.8
41.3

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals

Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

See footnotes at end of table.

138




4011

Average overtime hours
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

5.4
5.9
4.3
5.7
4.5
4.0
4.9
3.8

5.4
6.1
3.6
5.5
5.0
4.0
6.3
3.8

5.3
5.7
5.5
5.1
4.6
3.6
5.3
3.4

5.4
6.2
4.5
4.9
4.7
3.9
5.2
3.7

38.7

3.2
1.1
3.0
3.5
2.0
5.2
2.2
4.0
4.0
3.5
3.7
2.7
4.5

3.4
1.4
3.5
3.6
2.0
5.5
1.8
4.5
4.6
3.8
3.6
2.6
4.2

2.9
1.1
2.3
3.6
2.3
5.0
1.8
3.6
3.4
3.5
4.4
2.0
4.1

3.2
1.2
2.2
3.8
2.2
5.6
2.2
4.0
4.0
3.4
4.2
2.6
4.2

43.0
43.3
43.1
43.7
44.1
43.5
41.4
41.3
41.6
42.3
41.4
41.4
43.0
45.1
44.3
45.3
44.4
42.7

43.4

4.9
5.2
5.2
5.9
6.2
5.4
4.0
3.9
4.1
5.5
4.2
3.2
3.7
6.2
6.8
6.1
5.5
4.3

5.1
6.1
6.1
6.4
7.1
5.0
4.0
4.0
3.7
5.0
3.5
3.0
3.1
6.8
8.2
6.4
6.5
4.3

4.8
5.3
5.8
5.9
6.4
5.1
3.7
3.6
3.7
4.6
4.1
2.9
4.8
6.0
7.0
5.8
5.3
4.7

4.8
4.8
5.0
5.9
6.2
5.5
3.7
3.6
3.8
4.8
4.4
3.0
4.8
5.9
7.6
5.5
5.9
4.6

44.1
43.6
46.3

44.1
43.4
47.2

44.5

6.1
5.1
10.0

6.2
5.3
10.2

6.1
5.0
9.9

6.0
4.8
10.3

41.6
45.5
42.4
41.1
41.2
40.9
41.2

41.1
42.9
42.6
40.8
41.8
40.1
41.1

41.7
43.8
42.5
41.5
42.4
41.0
41.6

41.8

4.2
6.4
3.7
3.7
4.3
3.8
4.0

4.2
6.9
3.1
3.8
4.4
3.3
4.0

4.1
6.4
4.7
3.7
4.6
3.2
4.0

4.4
6.8
3.8
4.1
4.6
3.7
4.2

38.3
43.1
37.7
37.9
37.1
38.1
37.5

37.7
42.5
36.8
36.4
36.2
39.7
37.3

38.2
40.8
38.0
36.7
39.6
38.7
36.8

38.5
41.2
38.1
37.6
38.0
38.8
38.2

38.3

2.3
6.0
1.7
2.1
1.4
2.2
1.4

2.1
5.2
1.6
2.2
1.0
2.3
1.8

2.2
4.8
1.8
1.6
1.9
2.3

2.5
5.0
1.9
2.0
1.8
2.6
1.9

39.6

39.1

40.0

40.4

40.0

45.0

45.1

46.6

47.1

Sept.
1993P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

1987
SIC
Code

265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

Average hourly earnings

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

$11.03 $11.09 $11.40 $11.34
11.13 11.17 11.51 11.45
10.98 11.06 11.25 11.28
11.66 11.71 11.93 11.88
11.50 11.67 11.80 11.78
13.01 13.35 13.50 13.36
10.90 11.21 11.36 11.16
10.83 10.75 10.87 10.90

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1993 P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

$477.60 $476.87 $491.34
491.95 491.48 501.84
461.16 450.14 490.50
500.21 502.36 511.80
484.15 497.14 492.06
556.83 566.04 562.95
455.62 486.51 474.85
444.03 440.75 441.32

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

$493.29
510.67
481.66
508.46
497.12
567.80
473.18
452.35

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

11.79
11.63
12.80
10.84
10.50
11.21
11.30
12.00
12.03
11.81
12.56
9.18
14.32

11.92
11.93
12.72
11.02
10.65
11.42
11.45
12.11
12.14
11.89
12.59
9.33
14.37

11.91
11.87
13.29
11.05
10.70
11.44
11.12
12.04
12.15
11.64
12.61
9.24
14.68

11.97 $12.11 451.56
11.81
383.79
13.34
487.68
11.11
432.52
10.66
406.35
11.57
462.97
11.38
405.67
12.15
481.20
12.28
483.61
11.69
464.13
12.59
518.73
9.32
352.51
14.53
567.07

460.11
402.04
487.18
436.39
404.70
475.07
407.62
491.67
495.31
469.66
517.45
358.27
563.30

453.77
389.34
497.05
442.00
421.58
465.61
411.44
476.78
479.93
459.78
525.84
356.66
572.52

458.45
388.55
500.25
443.29
414.67
474.37
423.34
484.79
489.97
461.76
522.49
367.21
575.39

$468.66

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

14.53
15.97
16.22
15.42
15.80
14.80
14.11
14.17
11.92
15.51
10.91
10.31
12.55
17.38
17.05
17.63
14.92
13.10

14.70
16.06
16.30
15.71
16.17
15.05
14.23
14.22
11.95
15.80
10.93
10.19
12.56
17.62
17.21
17.89
15.14
13.20

14.82
16.43
16.83
15.21
16.38
13.89
14.76
14.84
12.16
15.80
11.66
10.35
12.66
17.68
17.34
17.90
15.22
13.61

14.81
16.42
16.91
15.13
16.31
13.85
14.72
14.77
12.22
15.76
11.76
10.46
12.53
17.76
17.56
17.95
15.28
13.49

15.03 621.88
685.11
695.84
672.31
693.62
648.24
588.39
589.47
493.49
654.52
459.31
418.59
527.10
780.36
758.73
793.35
656.48
555.44

637.98
705.03
710.68
708.52
737.35
677.25
600.51
595.82
487.56
655.70
445.94
411.68
521.24
817.57
788.22
831.89
704.01
557.04

637.26
716.35
732.11
667.72
728.91
601.44
608.11
606.96
513.15
685.72
480.39
435.74
543.11
795.60
756.02
810.87

652.30

582.51

636.83
710.99
728.82
661.18
719.27
602.48
609.41
610.00
508.35
666.65
486.86
433.04
538.79
800.98
777.91
813.14
678.43
576.02

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

17.76
.19.47
13.50

17.98
19.77
13.50

18.43
20.38
13.90

18.35
20.25
14.06

18.89 770.78
831.37
626.40

787.52
854.06
630.45

812.76
888.57
643.57

809.24
878.85
663.63

840.61

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee

10.38
16.78
7.53
10.29
10.24
9.77
9.67

10.45

10.68 431.81
740.00
320.78
420.86
431.10
408.39
399.37

434.72
770.32
319.70
422.51
423.95
400.00
400.05

436.07
752.04
323.33
432.89
454.78
401.80
404.84

439.94
764.31
322.15
436.17
455.38
411.23
407.26

446.42

9.78
9.71

10.61
17.53
7.59
10.61
10.88
10.02
9.85

10.55
17.45
7.58
10.51
10.74
10.03

Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

7.39
9.65
6.99
7.65
6.46
7.72
6.47

7.38
9.67
7.00
7.65
6.49
7.49
6.48

7.55
9.89
7.13
7.71
6.60
7.54
6.89

7.62
10.05
7.19
7.74
6.66
7.81
6.88

7.67 283.04

415.92
263.52
289.94
239.67
294.13
242.63

278.23
410.98
257.60
278.46
234.94
297.35
241.70

288.41
403.51
270.94
282.96
261.36
291.80
253.55

293.37
414.06
273.94
291.02
253.08
303.03
262.82

293.76

13.49

13.59

13.65

13.66

13.71 534.20

531.37

546.00

551.86

548.40

16.41

16.62

17.01

17.11

738.45

749.56

792.67

805.88

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

4011

16.93
7.54
10.28
10.29

9.79

See footnotes at end of table.




139

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

41
411
413

36.0
39.2
39.3

33.5
38.5
37.9

34.7
38.2
40.2

35.3
38.4
39.3

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air.
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

39.3
39.3
39.9

38.6
38.5
39.9

39.1
39.0
39.7

39.8
39.7
40.5

Water transportation:
Water transportation services.

449

35.3

35.0

35.6

36.4

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

41.8

40.3

41.4

42.9

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement.
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

47
472
4724
473

37.5
37.1
37.0
37.7

36.7
36.2
36.1
36.9

36.9
36.1
36.1
37.6

38.0
37.0
37.0
39.0

Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
4813
483
484

39.8
41.2
41.2
35.5
39.3

40.2
41.8
41.9
35.1
39.8

40.0
41.7
41.8
34.5
39.2

40.2
41.9
41.9
35.1
39.3

Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

41.9
41.7
42.4
41.9
42.7

42.1
42.1
41.9
41.8
43.5

42.5
42.3
42.3
43.3
43.0

42.4
42.4
42.6
42.0
42.9

38.5

38.1

38.3

38.4

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation

Wholesale trade .

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment.
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
507
508
509

39.0
38.4
37.0
40.5
39.3
37.7
40.1
38.8
39.1
39.7
37.2

38.6
38.0
36.8
39.9
38.9
37.6
39.7
38.4
38.4
39.1
37.0

38.9
38.8
37.1
40.3
39.0
38.2
40.5
38.2
38.8
39.6
37.2

39.2
38.6
37.8
40.4
39.4
38.4
40.9
38.6
39.2
39.8
37.5

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods .

51
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519

37.8
37.2
37.5
37.3
38.6
35.7
40.3
38.3
37.3
36.6

37.5
36.6
37.1
36.9
38.6
35.6
39.9
37.9
37.1
36.3

37.5
36.2
37.1
36.4
38.6
36.0
39.9
37.7
37.7
36.5

37.5
36.7
37.3
37.1
38.2
35.5
40.3
37.8
37.4
36.6

29.6

29.0

29.6

29.7

Retail trade.
Building materials and garden supplies .
Lumber and other building materials ...
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores ....

52
521
523
525
526

37.1
38.9
36.8
33.3
34.8

36.5
38.4
36.4
32.3
34.2

37.2
39.1
36.6
33.1
34.6

37.1
39.0
37.2
33.1
34.0

General merchandise stores
Department stores

53
531

29.5
29.5

30.5
30.7

29.6
29.7

29.6
29.7

See footnotes at end of table.

140




Average overtime hours
Sept.
1993P

38.2

28.9

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1992

41
411
413

$10.05
10.51
13.36

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

Water transportation:
Water transportation services

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

$9.97 $10.05 $10.08
10.64
10.66
10.62
12.74
13.26
12.75

$361.80 $334.00 $348.74 $355.8;
411.99 409.64 405.68 409.34
525.05 502.55 512.55 500.68

12.10
12.26
9.95

12.18
12.35
10.03

12.27
12.43
10.12

12.30
12.48
9.94

475.53
481.82
397.01

470.15
475.48
400.20

479.76
484.77
401.76

489.54
495.46
402.57

449

16.35

16.84

16.71

16.69

577.16

589.40

594.88

607.52

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

18.56

18.79

19.16

19.34

775.81

757.24

793.22

829.69

Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement

47
472
4724
473

10.84
9.93
9.93
12.08

10.89
10.09
10.06
11.99

11.06
10.15
10.07
12.37

11.09
10.29
10.27
12.25

406.50
368.40
367.41
455.42

399.66
365.26
363.17
442.43

408.11
366.42
363.53
465.11

421.42
380.73
379.99
477.75

Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
4813
483
484

14.46
15.16
15.31
13.79
10.99

14.76
15.50
15.66
14.01
11.16

14.90
15.56
15.72
14.27
11.61

15.01
15.74
15.91
14.24
11.54

575.51
624.59
630.77
489.55
431.91

593.35
647.90
656.15
491.75
444.17

596.00
648.85
657.10
492.32
455.11

603.40
659.51
666.63
499.82
453.52

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

16.10
16.68
15.40
19.00
12.00

16.28
16.92
15.60
19.14
12.10

16.74
17.38
16.10
19.95
12.11

16.67
17.36
16.16
19.79
12.03

674.59
695.56
652.96
796.10
512.40

685.39
712.33
653.64
800.05
526.35

711.45
735.17
681.03
863.84
520.73

706.81
736.06
688.42
831.18
516.09

11.42

11.44

11.71

11.72 $11.75 439.67

435.86

448.49

450.05

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
507
508
509

11.75
10.41
10.33
11.05
13.91
12.79
11.82
12.14
11.21
11.74
9.14

11.75
10.40
10.35
11.01
13.96
12.68
11.83
12.08
11.16
11.76
9.19

12.05
10.65
10.68
11.15
14.55
13.13
12.05
12.53
11.32
11.91
9.52

12.07
10.62
10.65
11.17
14.59
13.31
12.08
12.59
11.41
11.96
9.46

458.25
399.74
382.21
447.53
546.66
482.18
473.98
471.03
438.31
466.08
340.01

453.55
395.20
380.88
439.30
543.04
476.77
469.65
463.87
428.54
459.82
340.03

468.75
413.22
396.23
449.35
567.45
501.57
488.03
478.65
439.22
471.64
354.14

473.14
409.93
402.57
451.27
574.85
511.10
494.07
485.97
447.27
476.01
354.75

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods

51
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519

10.97
11.53
13.09
10.56
11.08
8.16
13.17
10.56
12.88
9.35

11.03
11.58
13.07
10.56
11.23
8.24
13.30
10.60
12.79
9.40

11.24
11.87
13.37
10.98
11.49
8.35
13.22
10.57
13.10
9.46

11.24
11.90
13.44
10.80
11.49
8.38
13.17
10.63
12.91
9.51

414.67
428.92
490.88
393.89
427.69
291.31
530.75
404.45
480.42
342.21

413.63
423.83
484.90
389.66
433.48
293.34
530.67
401.74
474.51
341.22

421.50
429.69
496.03
399.67
443.51
300.60
527.48
398.49
493.87
345.29

421.50
436.73
501.31
400.68
438.92
297.49
530.75
401.81
482.83
348.07

7.09

7.21

7.24

7.23

7.31 209.86

209.09

214.30

214.73

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores

52
521
523
525
526

8.44
8.81
8.97
7.19
7.40

8.49
8.85
8.98
7.28
7.44

8.60
8.94
9.21
7.38
7.59

8.63
8.97
9.28
7.36
7.59

313.12
342.71
330.10
239.43
257.52

309.89
339.84
326.87
235.14
254.45

319.92
349.55
337.09
244.28
262.61

320.17
349.83
345.22
243.62
258.06

General merchandise stores
Department stores

53
531

7.18
7.23

7.29
7.33

7.27
7.26

7.29
7.28

211.81
213.29

222.35
225.03

215.19
215.62

215.78
216.22

Sept.
1993P

$448.85

211.26

See footnotes at end of table.




141

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
Industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores—Continued
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

533
539

28.3
30.3

28.3
29.9

28.3
29.7

28.4
30.0

Food stores
Grocery stores .
Retail bakeries.

54
541
546

30.4
30.6
29.3

30.7
31.0
28.2

30.8
31.0
29.0

30.5
30.6
29.6

Automotive dealers and service stations.
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

55
551
553
554
559

36.5
37.8
38.8
33.8
34.9

35.8
37.1
37.9
33.1
34.2

36.5
37.6
38.7
33.8
33.7

36.6
37.7
38.6
34.1
34.3

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores .
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562

565
566

27.4
29.4
24.7
28.4
29.5

26.7
29.0
24.1
27.8
28.1

26.9
29.4
24.4
28.1
27.8

27.3
29.8
24.5
28.5
28.3

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores .
Record and prerecorded tape stores

57
571
572
573
5731
5735

33.6
33.6
34.4
33.4
32.9
29.2

33.0
33.2
33.8
32.6
32.1
27.9

33.3
33.3
34.6
32.9
32.8
29.2

33.5
33.6
34.3
33.1
32.6
29.8

Eating and drinking places4 .

58

26.3

24.8

26.1

26.5

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores .
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
593
594
596
598
599

30.4
28.6
32.8
29.2
34.2
37.3
31.5

29.8
28.4
32.2
28.1
33.9
37.2
31.0

30.3
28.5
32.5
29.3
34.0
37.3
31.6

30.4
28.7
32.9
29.5
33.9
37.4
31.3

36.3

35.5

35.6

36.3

Finance, insurance, and real estate5
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee
Credit unions

60
602
6022
6021,9
606

36.1
35.9
36.4
35.5
36.3

35.0
34.7
35.2
34.4
35.6

35.2
35.1
35.7
34.6
35.6

36.1
36.0
36.5
35.6
36.1

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions .

61
614

38.5
38.2

37.6
38.0

37.1
36.8

38.4
38.5

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

36.8

36.3

35.7

35.8

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance .
Hospital and medical service plans ..
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance...

63
631
632
6324
633

37.9
37.5
38.3
38.0
37.7

37.6
37.2
38.1
37.9
37.4

37.7
37.5
38.3
38.3
37.4

38.3
37.9
38.7
38.4
37.8

33.0

32.2

32.8

33.1

Services
Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services .

07
074
078

35.3
30.1
37.6

34.2
28.6
36.6

35.2
30.0
37.4

34.9
29.8
37.0

Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

701

32.3

31.3

31.7

32.6

See footnotes at end of table.

142




Average overtime hours
Sept.
1993P

35.4

32.4

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores—Continued
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

533
539

$6.04
7.58

$6.18
7.65

$6.59
7.86

$6.62
7.87

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

7.54
7.62
6.67

7.82
7.92
6.74

7.76
7.85
6.92

7.74
7.83
6.83

229.22
233.17
195.43

240.07
245.52
190.07

239.01
243.35
200.68

236.07
239.60
202.17

Automotive dealers and service stations ...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

55
551
553
554
559

9.39
11.80
8.14
6.51
11.00

9.41
11.73
8.18
6.56
10.54

9.72
12.25
8.29
6.66
10.79

9.72
12.25
8.32
6.65
10.98

342.74
446.04
315.83
220.04
383.90

336.88
435.18
310.02
217.14
360.47

354.78
460.60
320.82
225.11
363.62

355.75
461.83
321.15
226.77
376.61

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

6.82
8.33
6.41
6.62
7.05

6.92
8.24
6.59
6.68
7.18

6.98
8.40
6.67
6.79
7.12

6.92
8.17
6.65
6.72
7.05

186.87
244.90
158.33
188.01
207.98

184.76
238.96
158.82
185.70
201.76

187.76
246.96
162.75
190.80
197.94

188.92
243.47
162.93
191.52
199.52

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores ...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...

57
571
572
573
5731
5735

9.24
9.05
9.61
9.44
9.11
5.91

9.26
9.06
9.62
9.48
9.21
5.87

9.45
9.27
9.92
9.61
9.49
6.08

9.48
9.35
9.97
9.57
9.53
5.87

310.46
304.08
330.58
315.30
299.72
172.57

305.58
300.79
325.16
309.05
295.64
163.77

314.69
308.69
343.23
316.17
311.27
177.54

317.58
314.16
341.97
316.77
310.68
174.93

Eating and drinking places4

58

5.28

5.32

5.31

5.33

138.86

131.94

138.59

141.25

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
593
594
596
598
599

7.65
7.64
6.56
7.08
8.24
10.63
8.02

7.76
7.79
6.61
7.22
8.26
10.65
8.09

7.91
8.09
6.67
7.19
8.72
10.94
8.19

7.91
8.10
6.61
7.19
8.72
10.94
8.21

232.56
218.50
215.17
206.74
281.81
396.50
252.63

231.25
221.24
212.84
202.88
280.01
396.18
250.79

239.67
230.57
216.78
210.67
296.48
408.06
258.80

240.46
232.47
217.47
212.11
295.61
409.16
256.97

10.83

10.84

11.24

11.35 $11.35 393.13

384.82

400.14

412.01

8.89
8.49
8.37
8.57
8.77

8.90
8.49
8.40
8.55
8.73

9.08
8.63
8.48
8.74
9.04

9.12
8.67
8.53
8.77
9.09

320.93
304.79
304.67
304.24
318.35

311.50
294.60
295.68
294.12
310.79

319.62
302.91
302.74
302.40
321.82

329.23
312.12
311.35
312.21
328.15

Finance, insurance, and real estate5

$170.93 $174.89 $186.50 $188.01
229.67 228.74 233.44 236.10

Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee ...
Credit unions

60
602
6022
6021,9
606

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions

61
614

11.61
9.96

11.62
9.67

12.41
9.92

12.61
10.26

446.99
380.47

436.91
367.46

460.41
365.06

484.22
395.01

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

15.20

15.17

15.82

15.89

559.36

550.67

564.77

568.86

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
6324
633

12.47
11.35
11.96
12.16
13.46

12.46
11.36
11.89
12.07
13.51

13.10
11.94
12.67
12.93
14.14

13.27
12.40
12.74
13.04
14.16

472.61
425.63
458.07
462.08
507.44

468.50
422.59
453.01
457.45
505.27

493.87
447.75
485.26
495.22
528.84

508.24
469.96
493.04
500.74
535.25

10.46

10.62

10.64

10.68

10.83 345.18

341.96

348.99

353.51

Services

Sept.
1993P

Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services

07
074
078

8.16
7.89
8.29

8.32
8.10
8.44

8.32
8.05
8.45

8.36
8.08
8.50

288.05
237.49
311.70

284.54
231.66
308.90

292.86
241.50
316.03

291.76
240.78
314.50

Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

701

7.20

7.43

7.38

7.35

232.56

232.56

233.95

239.61

$401.79

350.89

See footnotes at end of table.




143

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services .
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

721
723
729

34.1
28.9
26.8

33.6
28.1
25.0

33.9
28.4
25.9

34.0
29.0
25.7

Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Heavy construction equipment rental
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services

73
731

33.4
36.6

32.2
36.4

32.9
36.8

33.4
37.3

7334
734
735
7353

37.2
28.7
39.1
40.1

36.9
28.0
38.7
39.0

37.2
28.9
39.6
40.3

37.0
29.3
40.0
40.9

7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382

31.5
38.6
38.7
39.9
39.3
38.8
34.2
34.0
37.5

29.5
37.8
38.0
38.2
38.9
38.9
33.5
33.5
37.5

31.1
37.9
37.9
37.7
37.9
39.5
33.4
33.7
36.2

31.7
38.5
38.4
38.2
38.1
39.4
33.8
34.1
36.7

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers.
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops .
General automotive repair shops .
Automotive services, except repair.
Carwashes

75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
754
7542

37.1
38.1
37.5
33.3
38.7
37.7
38.6
33.1
31.0

36.2
37.8
37.0
32.9
37.7
36.9
37.5
31.8
29.8

37.0
37.8
36.9
34.1
38.6
37.1
38.8
32.6
31.2

37.0
38.1
37.2
33.6
38.5
37.2
38.5
33.0
31.5

Miscellaneous repair services

76

38.2

37.6

38.5

38.6

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services .

78
781

28.5
38.1

27.9
37.5

29.5
37.6

29.6
38.1

Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services .
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs .

79
793
799
7991
7997

28.8
25.1
29.1
18.7
29.6

26.6
25.0
26.4
17.7
28.8

29.4
24.7
30.1
18.3
30.5

29.3
25.2
29.9
18.7
30.1

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners .
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services

80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
808

33.0
32.3
28.5
30.3
32.8
32.0
34.5
28.0

32.7
32.0
28.0
29.7
32.7
32.0
34.3
27.3

32.9
32.1
28.2
29.6
32.6
31.9
34.7
27.8

33.1
32.6
28.4
30.0
32.8
32.2
34.7
28.2

Legal services

81

35.5

34.6

34.7

35.4

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services .
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee

83
832
833
835
836
839

31.9
32.4
31.7
30.5
32.5
31.9

31.2
32.3
30.6
29.2
32.1
31.8

31.1
31.9
29.6
29.8
32.2
30.8

31.4
32.1
30.1
30.3
32.3
31.0

Membership organizations:
Professional organizations ..

862

35.7

34.7

34.7

35.9

See footnotes at end of table.

144



Average overtime hours
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993 P

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

721
723
729

$7.17
7.68
7.77

$7.23
7.65
7.92

$7.32
7.85
7.69

$7.28
7.85
7.73

$244.50 $242.93 $248.15 $247.52
221.95 214.97 222.94 227.65
208.24 198.00 199.17 198.66

Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Heavy construction equipment rental
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services

73
731

9.96
14.98

9.99
14.83

10.09
14.81

10.11
15.26

332.66
548.27

321.68
539.81

331.96
545.01

337.67
569.20

7334
734
735
7353

9.38
7.40
10.32

9.48
7.36
10.39
13.66

9.54
7.57
10.66

9.63
7.50
10.76
14.34

348.94
212.38
403.51
541.75

349.81
206.08
402.09
532.74

354.89
218.77
422.14
579.51

356.31
219.75
430.40
586.51

8.22

6.75
11.03

259.25
613.74
708.21
664.73
512.87
529.23
293.09
228.14
381.00

242.79
599.89
702.62
629.92
505.70
525.93
289.11
227.47
382.50

258.13
616.25
711.00
643.54
554.10
549.05
289.58
228.82
392.05

260.57
635.64
731.90
660.86
561.98
540.57
293.05
230.18
404.80

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes

75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
754
7542

10.07
10.60
10.09
6.97
5.99

7.01
6.00

10.20
10.76
10.22
6.90
6.03

9.26
9.18
8.36
6.93
10.24
10.77
10.25
6.90
6.03

339.84
347.09
303.38
228.11
389.71
399.62
389.47
230.71
185.69

331.59
346.25
298.59
226.35
379.26
392.62
377.63
222.92
178.80

341.88
347.76
304.06
234.27
393.72
399.20
396.54
224.94
188.14

342.62
349.76
310.99
232.85
394.24
400.64
394.63
227.70
189.95

Miscellaneous repair services

76

10.83

10.82

11.05

11.09

413.71

406.83

425.43

428.07

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services

78
781

11.74
17.97

12.61
18.86

11.76
18.12

12.25
18.52

334.59
684.66

351.82
707.25

346.92
681.31

362.60
705.61

Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs

79
793

7.50
6.61
6.98
7.84
7.41

8.11
6.48
7.46
7.95
7.73

7.65
6.72
7.05
7.84
7.51

7.73
6.72
7.10
7.87
7.53

216.00
165.91
203.12
146.61
219.34

215.73
162.00
196.94
140.72
222.62

224.91
165.98
212.21
143.47
229.06

226.49
169.34
212.29
147.17
226.65

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners .
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services

80 ,
801

11.53
11.53
11.08
10.07
7.97
7.38
13.23
10.16

11.76
11.84
11.38
10.30
8.17
7.64
13.47
10.46

11.74

802
804
805
8052
806
808

11.40
11.44
10.98
9.98
7.85
7.25
13.08
9.96

11.91
11.47
10.32
8.14
7.59
13.44
10.40

376.20
369.51
312.93
302.39
257.48
232.00
451.26
278.88

377.03
368.96
310.24
299.08
260.62
236.16
453.79
277.37

386.90
380.06
320.92
304.88
266.34
243.72
467.41
290.79

388.59
388.27
325.75
309.60
266.99
244.40
466.37
293.28

Legal services

81

15.09

14.94

15.22

15.34

535.70

516.92

528.13

543.04

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care

83
832
833
835
836
839

7.60
8.25
7.16
6.38
7.76
8.56

7.72
8.27
7.52
6.56
7.89
8.69

7.80
8.38
7.54
6.50
8.02
8.60

7.83
8.38
7.61
6.50
8.04
8.78

242.44
267.30
226.97
194.59
252.20
273.06

240.86
267.12
230.11
191.55
253.27
276.34

242.58
267.32
223.18
193.70
258.24
264.88

245.86
269.00
229.06
196.95
259.69
272.18

862

14.41

14.36

15.04

15.13

514.44

498.29

521.89

543.17

Social services, nee
Membership organizations:
Professional organizations

7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382

799

7991
7997

13.51
8.23
15.90
18.30
16.66
13.05
13.64
8.57
6.71

8.23
15.87
18.49
16.49
13.00

10.16

13.52
8.63
6.79
10.20

9.16
9.11
8.09

9.16
9.16
8.07

6.85

6.88
10.06

10.64
10.07

14.38
8.30
16.26

18.76
17.07
14.62
13.90
8.67
6.79
10.83
9.24
9.20
8.24
6.87

16.51
19.06
17.30
14.75
13.72
8.67

Sept.
1993P

See footnotes at end of table.




145

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Public relations services
Services, nee
See footnotes at end of table.

146



1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8743

37.4
39.3
39.6
38.6
37.4
37.0
37.2
39.9
29.8
37.0
35.7
35.9

36.9
38.9
39.1
38.2
37.7
36.4
36.5
39.5
28.8
36.3
35.1
34.0

37.0
39.1
39.3
37.9
38.9
35.8
36.7
39.1
30.4
36.3
35.6
32.5

37.5
39.4
39.6
38.4
39.2
36.5
37.1
39.4
30.8
36.6
36.1
34.2

89

37.4

37.6

36.7

37.5

Average overtime hours
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Public relations services
Services, nee
1

1987
SIC
Code

87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8743
89

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

$14.74 $14.74 $14.91 $15.12
16.13
16.01
16.04
16.18
16.75
16.63
16.63
16.81
14.83
14.72
14.87
14.85
11.14
11.22
11.05
11.36
13.00
13.24
13.34
13.46
15.52
15.87
15.40
16.01
17.40
17.92
17.45
18.06
11.98
12.26
11.70
12.56
17.07
17.41
16.83
17.55
13.45
13.73
13.43
14.05
13.60
13.83
13.85
13.82
16.01

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and
guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing.
3
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.




Sept.
1992

15.85

15.62

15.70

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1993P

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

$551.28
630.37
658.55
573.98
413.27
493.58
572.88
696.26
348.66
622.71
479.45
497.22

$543.91
627.46
654.93
566.51
419.98
473.20
566.48
687.30
345.02
619.64
472.10
462.40

$551.67
625.99
653.56
557.89
436.46
473.99
582.43
700.67
372.70
631.98
488.79
449.48

$567.00
637.49
665.68
570.24
445.31
491.29
593.97
711.56
386.85
642.33
507.21
472.64

598.77

595.96

573.25

588.75

Sept.
1993P

4

Money payments only; tips, not included.
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are subject to
revision.
5

147

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missiles
and Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing

For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics average
hourly earning series for production workers in aircraft
manufacturing (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space
vehicles manufacturing (sic 3761) have been used to
escalate labor costs in contracts between aerospace
companies and their customers. Although the Bureau's
series by definition take account of traditional wage rate
changes, they do not capture "lump-sum payments to
workers in lieu of general wage increases" which were
negotiated in aerospace manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
Because of special circumstances in the aerospace

industry, BLS has calculated average hourly earnings
series for SIC 3721 and SIC 3761 which include lump-sum
payments. These series, beginning in October 1983, the
effective date of the first aerospace bargaining agreement
using lump-sum payments, were published in the June
1988 issue of Employment and Earnings. Current and year
earlier data are presented in table C-2a along with the
average hourly earnings series produced as part of the
Current Employment Statistics program. An explanation
of the methodology used to derive these series appears in
the Explanatory Notes of this publication.

C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing
Aircraft (SIC 3721)
Series

Average hourly earnings,
excluding lump-sum payments
Average hourly earnings,
including lump-sum payments
= preliminary.

148



Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)

July
1992

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

July
1992

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

$17.65

$17.85

$18.38

$18.54

$16.54

$16.52

$17.40

$17.43

18.04

18.23

19.02

19.28

16.64

16.60

17.42

17.45

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Industry

Manufacturing

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993 P

$10.92

$10.92

$11.19

$11.14

$11.27

11.50
9.04

11.58
9.09

11.73
9.18
8.94
11.18

11.70
9.19
8.95

11.83

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

8.71

8.78

10.94
12.93
10.91
11.87
10.58
14.59

11.11
13.11
10.96
11.93
10.60
14.68

11.51
8.78

11.61
8.84

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

10.20
9.53
16.12
8.17
6.79
12.28
11.32
13.74
16.59
9.88
7.17

10.31
9.61
15.86
8.24
6.84

1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.




12.45

11.42
13.88
16.78
9.95
7.18

13.22

11.12
12.12
10.78
14.91
11.88
9.08
10.51
9.88
18.04
8.44
6.86
12.71
11.48

14.03
17.24
10.10
7.34

11.12

13.14
11.10
12.08
10.76
14.90
11.85
8.99
10.44
9.79
16.97
8.44
6.89
12.62
11.49
14.02
17.19
10.02
7.39

()

0
02

$10.55

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are
subject to revision.

149

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
Average hourly earnings
Industry

Average weekly earnings

Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

$10.55
7.37

$10.65
7.42

$10.75
7.33

$10.78
7.33

$10.90

$368.20 $365.30 $374.10 $378.38 $376.05
257.12 254.39 255.18 257.40

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

14.47
10.10

14.60
10.17

14.48
9.88

14.45
9.83

$14.61

643.92
449.66

640.94
446.34

638.57
435.59

650.25
442.35

$650.15

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

14.24
9.94

14.22
9.90

14.35
9.79

14.42
9.81

$14.49

556.78
388.81

527.56
367.38

566.83
386.65

572.47
389.44

$556.42

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

11.45
8.00

11.54
8.04

11.73
8.00

11.72
7.97

$11.87

470.60
328.63

473.14
329.48

480.93
328.06

486.38
330.87

$492.61

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

13.49
9.42

13.59
9.46

13.65
9.31

13.66
9.29

$13.71

534.20
373.04

531.37
370.03

546.00
372.44

551.86
375.41

$548.40

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

11.42
7.97

11.44
7.97

11.71
7.99

11.72
7.97

$11.75

439.67
307.03

435.86
303.52

448.49
305.93

450.05
306.16

$448.85

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

7.09
4.95

7.21
5.02

7.24
4.94

7.23
4.92

$7.31

209.86
146.55

209.09
145.61

214.30
146.18

214.73
146.07

$211.26

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

10.83
7.56

10.84
7.55

11.24
7.67

11.35
7.72

$11.35

393.13
274.53

384.82
267.98

400.14
272.95

412.01
280.28

$401.79

Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

10.46
7.30

10.62
7.40

10.64
7.26

10.68
7.27

$10.83

345.18
241.05

341.96
238.13

348.99
238.06

353.51
240.48

$350.89

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.

150




Aug.
1992

Sept.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Sept.
1993P

NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1992

1993

Industry
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.p

Sept.1

34.2

34.4

34.6

34.3

34.5

34.4

34.2

34.4

34.7

34.4

34.5

34.7

34.4

43.9

44.1

44.1

43.7

44.0

43.6

43.4

44.3

44.6

44.1

44.9

44.7

44.1

41.0
3.6

41.1
3.8

41.2
3.9

41.2
3.9

41.4
4.0

41.4
4.2

41.2
4.0

41.5
4.2

41.4
4.1

41.2
4.0

41.4
4.0

41.4
4.1

41.4
4.1

Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

41.4
3.5
40.5
39.6
42.4
42.9
43.1
41.3
42.1
41.1
41.5
41.8
41.2
39.8

41.6
3.8
40.7
39.9
42.3
42.9
43.1
41.7
42.4
41.4
41.7
42.0
41.3
40.0

41.8
3.9
40.8
40.1
42.4
43.1
43.4
41.8
42.7
41.5
41.9
42.4
41.2
39.9

41.8
3.9
40.5
40.0
42.2
43.3
43.7
41.8
42.6
41.4
42.4
43.4
41.1
39.8

42.0
4.0
40.6
40.2
42.5
43.6
44.0
42.0
42.7
41.7
42.5
43.7
41.2
39.9

42.1
4.3
40.8
40.3
42.5
43.8
44.4
42.1
42.9
41.7
42.8
44.2
41.0
39.9

42.0
4.2
40.6
40.1
42.2
43.9
44.4
41.9
42.8
41.6
42.7
44.3
41.1
39.9

42.2
4.4
40.5
40.0
42.5
44.2
44.7
42.1
43.1
41.8
42.9
45.2
41.3
40.3

42.0
4.3
40.6
39.7
42.8
43.6
44.1
41.9
42.9
41.8
42.7
44.0
41.3
39.8

41.9
4.2
40.4
39.5
42.6
43.4
44.1
41.9
42.9
41.4
42.5
43.5
41.2
39.5

42.0
4.1
40.7
39.9
42.7
43.6
44.3
41.9
43.1
41.8
42.3
43.0
41.4
39.5

42.2
4.2
40.8
40.4
42.9
43.5
43.6
42.1
43.0
42.0
43.0
44.3
41.1
39.7

42.1
4.2
41.0
39.9
42.7
43.5
44.4
41.9
42.6
41.9
43.5
44.5
41.3
39.9

Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

40.6

40.4
3.9
40.8
(2)

40.5
3.9
40.6
(2)
41.4
37.4
43.5
38.1
42.8

42.1

39.0

40.5
3.9
40.4
(2)
41.7
37.3
43.7
38.2
43.3
(2)
41.8
38.6

41.7
38.0

40.5
3.9
40.6
(2)
41.3
37.4
43.5
38.1
43.3
(2)
41.8
38.3

40.5
3.9
40.6
2
()
41.5
36.9
43.7
38.2
43.0
(2)

39.4

40.6
4.0
40.7
(2)
41.9
37.1
43.7
38.4
42.9
(2)
41.8
38.9

40.6
3.9
40.8
(2)

41.8
38.9

40.3
3.8
40.4
(2)
40.1
37.2
43.5
38.1
42.8
(2)
41.8

40.5
3.9

41.6
38.5

40.6
3.9
40.6
(2)
41.6
37.6
43.5
38.2
43.0
(2)
42.0
39.3

40.7
4.1
40.7

40.8
37.4
43.5
38.2
42.8
(2)

40.6
3.9
40.8
(2)
41.2
37.6
43.5
38.1
42.9
(2)

39.0

39.5

39.4

39.8

39.6

40.1

39.8

38.2

38.3

38.0

28.8

28.9

28.8

32.5

32.7

32.3

Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Overtime hours

3.8
40.7
(2)
41.8
37.4
44.0

38.1
42.9
(2)
41.6
38.0

Transportation and public utilities

38.9
Wholesale trade

38.1

38.3

28.8

28.9

38.0
Retail trade

2

()
41.9
38.7

39.1
38.0
28.8

28.9

39.6
38.1
28.8

(2)
41.8
37.5
43.8

38.1
42.9
(2)

39.4

39.6

38.1

38.0

28.7

28.2

32.4

32.4

38.0
28.8

40.6
(2)
41.3
37.1
43.6
38.4

43.1
(2)
41.7
37.7

41.3
37.3
43.4
38.5
43.4
(2)

41.8
38.7

39.4
38.4
38.2
29.0
28.8

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

...-*.»«.„--.

1

32.1

32.5

32.6

32.3

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular




32.5

32.4

32.8

32.5

components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are
subject to revision.

151

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1982=100)
1992

1993

Industry

Aug.p

Sept.p

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Total private

120.8

121.6

122.3

121.7

122.5

122.7

122.2

123.1

124.6

123.6

124.1

124.8

123.8

Goods-producing

101.1

101.2

101.4

101.4

101.7

102.5

101.9

102.2

102.8

102.0

102.6

102.4

102.0

54.7

55.1

54.8

54.1

54.2

52.7

52.5

53.5

54.2

53.0

53.8

53.3

53.1

Construction

117.6

118.0

117.2

116.9

116.4

119.2

118.8

119.3

124.5

123.4

125.3

124.8

123.7

Manufacturing

100.8

100.8

101.2

101.2

101.8

102.3

101.6

101.8

101.4

100.8

101.0

100.9

100.7

97.6

97.9

99.2
120.6
119.1
101.2
85.9
72.3

99.7
122.7
120.0
102.3
86.3
73.3

99.2

98.5

97.8

122.1
119.4
101.3

119.6

118.8
118.0
101.2
84.4
71.6

120.6
120.0

98.1
121.8

99.9
90.2
99.2
110.5
132.2

101.1

101.6

120.1
119.1
101.0
86.5
73.4
101.3

97.9
119.9
119.2

98.1

119.4
117.6
100.7
84.6
72.0

98.5
120.3
118.2
100.8
85.2
72.2

99.3

118.0
116.4
101.2

98.4
120.8
118.2
101.0
85.0

90.9

77.8

90.5
99.6
112.1
142.9
77.9
96.9

Mining

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

84.9
72.6
99.1
89.2
98.1
108.0

121.1
79.1
97.4
105.2
109.9
69.6
99.7
91.7
111.5

99.6
89.6
98.8
107.8
121.9
78.9

71.6
100.1
90.4
99.2

109.0
127.2
78.4

97.5

97.3

97.0

104.8
110.4
68.4

105.0

105.0
110.2

110.6

91.4

65.9
97.7
91.8

109.6
122.2

109.6
121.9

98.5
86.7

98.5

96.5

69.3
98.4

91.3
109.4




110.7
68.6

139.0
77.3
97.6
105.8
111.2
68.1

98.7
91.9

99.2

109.4
122.2

110.4

91.6

126.6

86.7
127.6

122.1
98.3
85.5
128.3

56.0

56.8

56.8

56.5

56.8

56.9

129.6

130.7

131.6

130.8

131.8

113.5

113.7

115.2

114.3

113.1

113.7

114.6

121.4

121.1

116.5
148.9

122.1
98.7
86.0
126.4

99.4

104.8
110.3
65.4
94.8
91.1

105.4

105.3

110.6
65.8
99.4
90.2

109.6
122.4

109.5

109.5
66.0
98.9
90.8
109.7

86.5
73.3
101.3
90.5
100.3
111.2
136.6
77.1
98.0

98.9
87.1

122.2
98.7
87.4

129.4

130.4

98.8
85.4
129.9

91.2
100.5
110.1
136.3
77.3

123.3
99.0
87.9

122.8

101.7
84.5
71.6

101.9

84.1
70.0
100.6
90.8
99.4

100.3

100.0

91.0

91.4

98.8
106.9

99.6
105.9

129.5
75.7
96.7

128.3

107.7
132.6

75.6
96.7

74.9
96.0

104.8
109.7
67.6

105.2
110.2
63.4

97.5

97.5

89.6
109.5
123.3
99.7

89.7
108.8
123.8
101.1

104.6
110.2
60.6
96.6
89.4
108.6

84.9
129.4

118.2

101.4
84.1
70.9
100.1

90.4
99.6
108.3
132.5
74.9
96.9
104.3

109.4
62.5
97.2
87.8

109.1

85.9
129.9

122.4
100.3
85.6
129.5

122.2
100.3
83.8

129.7

100.5
86.9
129.9

56.3

55.6

55.2

53.9

54.9

54.1

54.1

131.8

131.3

132.4

134.5

133.4

133.8

134.8

133.6

116.1

115.7

116.1

115.5

116.6

115.3

115.9

117.0

116.3

113.7

114.5

114.8

114.7

114.7

116.1

115.2

115.6

115.7

114.7

121.6

121.5

122.0

122.3

119.9

122.6

124.0

123.3

123.5

123.9

123.7

117.6

119.5

116.7

117.9

117.2

116.9

117.2

120.0

117.9

117.3

120.3

117.8

151.4

152.1

151.3

152.5

152.5

152.9

154.0

156.7

155.6

156.4

157.6

155.8

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.

152

105.5

100.2
112.1

118.9
101.9
85.3
72.4
100.5
90.8
100.1
108.3
131.5
76.3
97.8

129.3

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1992

1993

Industry
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug."

Sept.p

Average hourly earnings
Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime2
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Total private (in constant dollars)3

$10.62 $10.65 $10.69 $10.68 $10.73 $10.74 $10.78 $10.77 $10.82 $10.81 $10.81 $10.86 $10.86
14.57
14.11
11.51
11.03
13.53
11.42
7.18
10.85
10.61

14.61
14.19
11.52
11.01
13.56
11.48
7.18
10.93
10.65

14.65
14.23
11.55
11.03
13.62
11.52
7.19
11.06
10.69

14.57
14.21
11.58
11.06
13.55
11.46
7.21
10.99
10.67

14.58
14.19
11.61
11.08
13.57
11.57
7.23
11.09
10.75

14.55
14.22
11.64
11.10
13.58
11.57
7.25
11.09
10.75

14.64
14.28
11.66
11.13
13.64
11.59
7.27
11.11
10.76

14.84
14.28
11.71
11.13
13.61
11.67
7.25
11.15
10.73

14.76
14.34
11.71
11.15
13.62
11.74
7.29
11.34
10.80

14.59
14.32
11.72
11.17
13.65
11.68
7.28
11.26
10.78

14.51
14.39
11.72
11.19
13.66
11.73
7.28
11.30
10.77

14.55
14.38
11.78
11.22
13.66
11.79
7.29
11.48
10.83

7.41

7.40

7.41

7.40

7.40

7.38

7.39

7.36

7.39

7.38

7.37

7.39

14.58
14.38
11.85
11.29
13.64
11.73
7.28
11.35
10.82

O

Average weekly earnings
Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1982) dollars 3 .

363.20 366.36 369.87 366.32 370.19 369.46 368.68 370.49 375.45 371.86 372.95 376.84 373.58
253.45 254.59 256.50 253.68 255.30 253.92 252.87 253.24 256.28 253.83 254.40 256.53

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time
and one-half.
3
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical




Workers (CPI-W) is used
4
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment
1992 benchmark levels.
all seasonally adjusted
revision.

to deflate these series.

survey estimates are currently projected from March
When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
data from January 1989 forward are subject to

153

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993*

Mobile

41.2
40.6
42.7

40.8
42.6
43.0

41.6
43.8
42.6

48.9

48.6

56.3

10.47

10.21

Arizona

40.7

40.5

40.6

11.02

11.24

41.5
43.0
41.7
42.6
43.8

42.0
43.7
41.6
43.0
43.3

41.9
44.1
40.6
42.8
40.3

9.06
8.22
9.13
9.66
10.42

9.29
8.51
9.53
9.71
10.44

40.8
40.0
40.6
42.5
40.9
42.9
41.0
41.8
40.6
40.0
39.9
39.5
39.7
41.2
40.6
39.0
44.8
39.9

40.6
40.2
40.2
40.5
41.4
41.3
41.5
40.5
41.1
39.6
39.2
39.9
39.5
41.8
40.5
39.6
40.4
41.8

41.3
40.7
41.4
41.8
41.7
42.5
41.5
41.3
41.1
40.8
39.6
39.8
39.5
41.8
38.1
39.1
43.4
40.6

12.20
12.21
12.48
9.89
11.54
11.72
14.29
11.43
11.22
12.77
12.15
12.48
13.30
14.65
12.35
12.56
11.88
14.09

Colorado
Denver

40.7
41.5

40.8
41.7

41.1
41.5

Connecticut
RrirlaaDOrt-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden

41.3
41.4
40.9
41.4
40.0
42.6
44.0

41.7
41.2
42.7
42.9
41.0
42.5
43.3

40.6
40.6

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

$10.41
11.08
12.69

$10.35
11.07
12.62

Average weekly earnings
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

$411.59
433 20
517.52

$424 73
472 01
545 67

$430 56
484 87
537 61

10.37

511.98

496.21

583 83

11.05

448.51

455 22

448 63

9.23
8.42
9.48
9.75
10.03

375 99
353.46
380.72
411.52
456.40

39018
371.89
396.45
417.53
452.05

386 74
371.32
384.89
417.30
404 21

12.42
12.55
12.67
10.22
11.50
11.99
14.70
11.62
11.64
13.19
12.68
12.80
13.58
15.07
13.02
13.41
12.11
14.12

12.42
12.70
12.59
10.48
11.53
11.81
14.74
11.64
11.56
13.19
12.62
12.80
13.77
15.06
12.95
13.28
11.93
14.31

497.76
488.40
506.69
420.33
471.99
502.79
585.89
477.77
455.53
510.80
484 79
492.96
528.01
603.58
501.41
489.84
532.22
562.19

504 25
504.51
509.33
413.91
476.10
495.19
610.05
470.61
478.40
522.32
497 06
510.72
536 41
629.93
527.31
531.04
489.24
590.22

512 95
516.89
521.23
438 06
480.80
501.93
611 71
480.73
475.12
538 15
499 75
509.44
543 92
629 51
493.40
519.25
517.76
580.99

11.31
12.61

12.12
12.99

12.21
13.05

460.32
523.32

494.50
541.68

501.83
541 58

41.7
40.7
42.5
43.2
41.3
41.9
43.4

12.43
13.19
13.40
12.98
12.10
11.27
11.41

13.00
13.61
13.93
13.39
12.76
11.43
11.80

12.90
13.51
13.48
13.27
12.85
11.38
11.79

513.36
546.07
548.06
537.37
484.00
480.10
502.04

542.10
560.73
594.81
574.43
523.16
485.78
510.94

537.93
549 86
572 90
573.26
530.71
476 82
511.69

40.3
41.8

43.1
44.2

12.32
14.79

13.01
15.40

13.31
15.72

500.19
600.47

524.30
643.72

573.66
694 82

38.5

40.1

39.5

14.22

14.08

14.24

547.47

564.61

562.48

40.5

40.5

41.0

9.68

9.84

9.77

392.04

398.52

400.57

Georgia
Atlanta

41.3
40.8
47.5

41.6
41.6
44.4

42.1
42.2
44.8

9.85
11.17
13.06

10.16
11.53
13.26

10.13
11.45
13.19

406.81
455.74
620.35

422.66
479.65
588.74

426.47
483.19
590.91

Hawaii
Honolulu

41.3
39.3

39.4
38.3

40.3
38.5

11.55
12.38

11.95
12.61

11.94
12.55

477.02
486.53

470.83
482.96

481.18
483.18

Idaho

40.8

41.2

41.3

11.28

11.80

11.76

460.22

486.16

485.69

41.0
41.6
39.9
40.0
40.8
40.5
41.4
41.5
39.6
40.2
42.0
40.0
38.8

41.2
41.5
43.3
40.7
41.2
42.3
42.3
41.0
42.4
40.2
42.9
40.6
39.6

41.4
41.8
42.9
40.5
41.3
41.1
41.8
41.1
41.5
40.7
43.1
40.7
40.3

11.89
11.69
14.62
10.62
11.66
13.98
15.00
13.78
11.96
11.66
14.56
12.83
11.60

12.08
12.03
16.04
10.29
11.86
14.20
14.92
13.78
12.95
12.08
15.03
12.99
11.87

12.10
12.03
16.04
10.30
11.87
14.02
14.82
13.74
12.98
12.18
15.08
12.93
11.78

487.49
486.30
583.34
424.80
475.73
566.19
621.00
571.87
473.62
468.73
611.52
513.20
450.08

497.70
499.25
694.53
418.80
488.63
600.66
631.12
564.98
549.08
485.62
644.79
527.39
470.05

500.94
502.85
688.12
417.15
490.23
576.22
619.48
564.71
538 67
495 73
649.95
526.25
474.73

Alabama
_.
naham

• ••

Favetteville-Sorinadale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Los Anaeles-Lona Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura

San Diego
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-LomDOC
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Valleio-Fairfield-NaDa

Waterbury
Dataware
Wilminntnn

.

District of Columbia:
Washinaton MSA
Florida

Illinois
Bloominaton-Normal
Chicago
DavenDort-Rock Island-Moline
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
See footnotes at end of table.

154



•

•

...

$9.99
10.67
12.12

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993*

42.2
41.0
41.1
40.2
42.1
40.4
43.7
43.4
41.6
43.4
43.1
40.3
41.5

42.0
41.3
46.6
39.8
42.9
41.7
44.4
42.5
40.7
42.1
43.7
44.1
43.8

Iowa
Cedar RaDids
Oes Moines
Dubuoue
Sioux Citv

41.7
40.5
41.5
42.4
40.7

Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993"

42.7
42.8
45.3
39.8
41.8
42.4
42.5
43.1
41.8
40.2
44.6
44.5
44.7

$12.81
16.93
12.37
10.44
13.02
13.46
16.96
13.52
17.21
13.53
13.42
12.19
11.32

$13.01
17.44
11.51
11.08
13.00
13.61
17.37
13.46
17.76
14.37
13.90
11.84
13.16

40.9
42.4
37.3
41.2
39.6

41.4
41.0
40.3
41.4
38.8

11.85
14.39
12.59
12.31
9.90

40.8
40.4
40.3

41.5
42.8
40.9

41.6
43.1
41.5

Kentucky
Lexinoton—Favette
Louisville

39.9
41.4
40.7

39.8
40.9
39.9

Louisiana
Baton Rouoe
New Orleans
Shreveport

42.3
44.3
39.8
42.1

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Average weekly es mings
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993?

$13.08
17.66
11.58
11.27
12.96
13.32
17.65
13.72
18.15
14.54
14.42
11.97
12.98

$540.58
694.13
508.41
419.69
548.14
543.78
741.15
586.77
715.94
587.20
578.40
491.26
469.78

$546.42
720.27
536 37
440.98
557.70
567.54
771.23
572.05
722.83
604.98
607 43
522.14
576.41

$558 52
755.85
524 57
448.55
541 73
564.77
750.13
591 33
758 67
584.51
643 13
532.67
580.21

12.21
15.04
13.19
12.88
9.77

12.07
14.71
13.21
12.48
9.67

494.15
582.80
522.49
521.94
402.93

499.39
637.70
491.99
530.66
386.89

499 70
603.11
532 36
516 67
375.20

11.60
13.44
13.53

11.87
13.86
13.65

12.01
14.18
13.91

473.28
542.98
545.26

492.61
593.21
558 29

499 62
611.16
577 27

40.4
41.6
41.8

11.26
12.21
12.74

11.49
12.15
13.16

11.50
12.21
13.49

449.27
505.49
518.52

457.30
496 94
525.08

464 60
507 94
563.88

41.7
43.1
40.6
42.3

42.3
43.2
40.2
43.5

12.20
14.53
11.98
14.42

12.75
14.81
12.73
13.57

12.77
14.97
12.62
13.65

516.06
643.68
476.80
607.08

531 68
638.31
516.84
574 01

540 17
646.70
507 32
593 78

40.4
39.7
38.1

40.5
41.2
38.3

41.2
41.4
39.6

11.29
8.83
10.76

11.71
9.55
10.68

11.52
9.69
10.53

456.12
350.55
409.96

474.26
393.46
409 04

474 62
401.17
416 99

Maryland
Baltimore MSA

40.8
41.1

40.9
41.3

41.3
41.5

12.46
13.00

12.75
13.34

12.73
13.40

508.37
534.30

521.48
550.94

525.75
556.10

Massachusetts
Boston
SDrinafield
Worcester

41.1
40.8
40.6
41.6

41.0
40.8
40.8
42.0

41.3
41.0
40.4
41.9

12.17
13.01
11.75
11.71

12.31
13.15
12.13
11.53

12.22
13.14
12.05
11.42

500.19
530.81
477.05
487.14

504.71
536 52
494.90
484.26

504.69
538 74
486.82
478 50

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Detroit
FHnt
Grand RaDids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansino—East Lansino
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

42.2
42.8
42.9
43.3
41.6
40.5
43.7
42.0
40.4
40.2
42.6

41.7
41.9
43.7
42.1
42.5
42.1
41.6
43.3
38.5
41.7
43.2

42.8
45.3
44.3
43.7
43.0
42.8
41.9
43.1
41.8
41.0
42.8

14.92
15.96
15.30
16.16
18.75
12.40
10.97
14.50
18.52
12.31
16.28

15.09
16.56
17.00
16.36
19.81
12.47
10.75
15.15
16.81
12.05
17.11

15.16
17.15
16.58
16.46
20.02
12.51
10.85
14.43
15.86
12.14
17.18

629.62
683.09
656 37
699.73
780.00
502.20
479.39
609.00
748.21
494.86
693.53

629.25
693.86
742 90
688.76
841.92
524 99
447 20
655.99
647.18
502.48
739.15

648 85
776 89
734 49
719.30
860 86
535 43
454 61
621.93
662.95
497 74
735.30

Minnesota
Duluth
MinneaDolis-St Paul
St Cloud

41.4
40.1
41.2
40.2

40.8
39.0
40.9
39.3

40.9
38.7
41.1
39.4

11.80
11.96
12.59
10.56

12.20
11.56
13.00
10.74

12.16
11.58
12.98
10.81

488.52
479 60
518.71
424.51

497.76
450 84
531.70
422.08

497.34
448 15
533.48
425.91

MississiDDi
Jackson

40.6
39.9

40.8
39.9

41.0
40.8

8.88
9.54

9.19
10.01

9.13
9.74

360.53
380.65

374.95
399.40

374.33
397.39

Missouri
Kansas Citv
St Louis
SDrinafield

40.4
41.7
41.5
39.5

41.1
41.1
42.1
41.8

41.1
41.0
42.4
44.0

11.21
12.94
13.60
10.31

11.56
13.37
13.78
10.18

11.49
13.16
13.72
10.03

452.88
539.60
564.40
407.25

475 12
549 51
580.14
425.52

472 24
539 56
581 73
441.32

Montana

39.1

37.9

38.1

12.38

12.45

12.42

484.06

471.86

473.20

Indiana
Anderson
Bloominoton
Elkhart-Goshen
Fvansvill©
Fort Wavne
Garv—Hammond
Indianaoolis
Kokomo
Lafavette-West Lafavette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
T©rrG HautG

•

•

*

•
•••••

See footnotes at end of table.




155

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

41.7
41.1
41.9

40.9
41.6
40.5

Nevada
Las Vegas

40.3
41.7

New HamDshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth—Dover—Rochester

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1992

July
1993

42.3
43.2
41.6

$10.25
11.47
10.61

$10.44
12.03
10.94

41.4
41.2

41.1
42.0

11.65
12.65

41.4
41.4
40.8
42.1

41.4
42.8
42.6
39.5

42.0
42.7
42.6
42.4

41.3

41.2

39.5
40.9

Aug.
1993"

Average weekly earnings
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

$10.61
12.29
10.91

$427.43
471.42
444.56

$427.00
500.45
443.07

$448.80
530.93
453 86

11.50
12.75

11.48
12.49

469.50
527.51

47610
525.30

471 83
524.58

11.05
10.97
13.83
11.00

11.69
11.50
15.04
11.54

11.62
11.31
15.11
11.36

457.47
454.16
564.26
463.10

483.97
492.20
640.70
455.83

488 04
482.94
643 69
481.66

41.5

12.57

13.05

12.99

519.14

537.66

539.09

40.9
41.6

40.8
41.5

9.65
10.16

9.94
10.10

9.58
10.07

381.18
415.54

406.55
420.16

390.86
417.91

40.2
40.9
40.1
42.4
41.0
40.0
38.0
37.7
40.5
41.0
39.4
41.1
43.8
41.3
40.4
39.7

39.9
41.1
40.8
43.7
43.0
39.6
37.2
36.8
40.6
37.6
40.5
41.1
43.4
40.2
41.1
38.9

40.1
40.3
41.2
44.0
42.3
38.9
37.4
37.1
40.8
39.4
40.6
41.3
43.0
41.5
41.5
39.3

11.65
13.05
9.61
13.99
10.82
11.60
10.40
10.18
15.03
9.89
10.94
13.68
13.79
13.30
10.88
11.77

12.00
13.46
9.90
14.72
11.21
11.20
10.72
10.42
15.46
10.35
11.27
13.95
14.07
13.20
11.16
11.94

11.95
13.67
9.75
14.91
11.15
11.34
10.69
10.41
15.34
10.41
11.21
13.82
14.03
13.24
10.91
11.87

468.33
533.75
385.36
593.18
443.62
464.00
395.20
383.79
608.72
405.49
431.04
562.25
604.00
549.29
439.55
467.27

478 80
553.21
403.92
643.26
482.03
443.52
398.78
383.46
627.68
389.16
456.44
573.35
610.64
530.64
458.68
464.47

479 20
550.90
401.70
656 04
471.65
441.13
399.81
386.21
625.87
410 15
455.13
570.77
603.29
549 46
452.77
466.49

40.9
41.9
41.0
40.2
41.0

40.2
40.4
40.5
39.1
40.8

41.0
40.6
41.5
39.8
41.4

9.51
9.65
10.17
10.34
10.39

9.80
9.86
10.39
10.67
10.82

9.81
9.95
10.40
10.66
10.84

388.96
404.34
416.97
415.67
425.99

393.96
398 34
420.80
417.20
441.46

402.21
403 97
431.60
424.27
448.78

North Dakota
Farao-Moorhead

39.5
39.2

40.1
38.9

41.4
41.7

9.72
8.97

10.51
9.03

10.31
9.11

383.94
351.62

421.45
351.27

426.83
379.89

Ohio
Akron

42.4
42.6
41.8
42.2
41.6
42.2
43.0
43.7
42.0

42.2
42.1
40.4
41.3
42.0
41.5
42.9
43.1
42.0

42.7
43.1
40.5
42.2
42.3
41.9
43.8
45.3
41.8

13.57
12.51
12.20
12.92
12.93
13.23
14.58
14.92
15.84

13.87
12.58
12.23
12.83
13.30
13.45
15.10
14.72
16.55

13.99
12.91
12.30
13.11
13.36
13.51
15.24
15.82
16.47

575.37
532.93
509.96
545.22
537.89
558.31
626.94
652.00
665.28

585.31
529.62
494.09
529.88
558.60
558.18
647.79
634.43
695.10

597.37
556.42
498 15
553.24
565.13
566.07
667.51
716.65
688.45

42.1
45.8
41.6

41.3
44.5
40.8

41.6
43.5
41.4

11.35
11.58
11.94

11.29
11.92
12.12

11.29
12.40
11.95

477.84
530.36
496.70

466.28
530.44
494.50

469 66
539.40
494 73

39.9
39.0
40.7
40.2
38.3

38.2
37.4
40.4
39.5
36.0

39.9
39.5
42.3
40.2
36.1

11.86
11.88
11.29
12.53
9.33

12.36
12.59
11.80
12.58
10.92

12.22
12.46
11.85
12.57
10.03

473.21
463.32
459.50
503.71
357.34

472.15
470.87
476.72
496.91
393.12

487 58
492.17
501 25
505 31
362.08

40.9
39.6
40.4
45.4
43.1
39.5
39.4

41.1
41.1
39.9
45.4
42.7
40.1
39.9

41.3
40.8
41.0
46.4
42.9
40.2
39.2

11.90
11.76
10.11
11.50
12.58
11.24
8.98

12.14
12.03
9.97
12.06
12.74
11.48
9.11

12.15
12.00
10.01
11.95
12.85
11.52
9.30

486.71
465.70
408.44
522.10
542.20
443.98
353.81

498.95
494.43
397.80
547.52
544.00
460.35
363.49

501.80
489.60
410 41
554 48
551.27
463.10
364.56

New Mexico
Albuaueraue

.

Ngw York
Albanv-Schenectadv-Trov
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York Citv
Niagara Falls
PouahkeeDsie
Rochester
Rockland Countv
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester Countv
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
fireenshoro-Winston-Salem-Hiah

Point

Cleveland
Davton-Sorinafield
Toledo
Oklahoma
Oklahoma Citv

Euaene-SDrinafield
Medford
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver Countv
Harrisburo—Lebanon—Carlisle
Johnstown
See footnotes at end of table.

156



.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993?

Pennsylvania-Continued
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

40.3
40.2
41.7
41.0
39.8
41.8
41.6
41.9
42.0

40.5
40.7
41.7
42.6
40.0
42.2
38.5
41.0
42.9

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

39.5
39.3
40.0

South Carolina
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

41.5
40.8
42.1
42.0
39.6
44.3
40.5
42.3
42.3

$11.59
13.05
12.48
12.38
10.58
12.32
10.26
10.20
11.63

$11.96
13.43
13.14
12.55
10.66
11.90
10.43
10.37
11.96

39.9
40.0
39.2

3,8.9
39.9
37.7

9.98
9.66
10.01

10.17
9.81
10.45

41.9

41.2

41.6

9.51

40.7
41.2
40.0

41.6
40.9
40.1

40.9
42.5
39.8

8.98
8.91
9.41

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

40.5
41.0
38.8
39.7
41.4
40.1

40.7
39.6
38.9
39.6
41.2
40.6

40.9
40.5
39.5
39.8
41.1
40.6

Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio

42.5
42.2
41.7
44.5
41.6

42.5
42.5
43.3
44.7
41.9

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden

40.4
41.2

Vermont
Burlington

Average weekly earnings
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993?

$11.99
13.42
13.10
12.71
10.74
12.01
10.51
10.44
11.85

$467.08
524.61
520.42
507.58
421.08
514.98
426.82
427.38
488.46

$484.38
546.60
547.94
534.63
426.40
502.18
401.56
425.17
513.08

$497.59
547.54
551.51
533.82
425.30
532.04
425.66
441.61
501.26

10.26
9.90
10.39

394.21
379.64
400.40

405.78
392.40
409.64

399.11
395.01
391.70

9.86

9.85

398.47

406.23

409.76

8.84
9.16
9.08

8.81
8.90
9.09

365.49
367.09
376.40

367.74
374.64
364.11

360.33
378.25
361.78

10.05
9.61
10.53
9.84
10.28
11.43

10.36
9.89
10.66
10.00
10.76
11.64

10.33
9.84
10.04
9.89
10.70
11.53

407.03
394.01
408.56
390.65
425.59
458.34

421.65
391.64
414.67
396.00
443.31
472.58

422.50
398.52
396.58
393.62
439.77
468.12

42.8
42.8
42.7
44.9
41.4

10.92
10.61
11.76
13.30
8.28

11.14
10.91
12.14
13.35
8.65

11.13
10.85
11.99
13.31
8.56

464.10
447.74
490.39
591.85
344.45

473.45
463.68
525.66
596.75
362.44

476.36
464.38
511.97
597.62
354.38

39.7
40.9

39.9
40.7

11.01
11.25

10.99
11.38

11.23
11.54

444.80
463.50

436.30
465.44

448.08
469.68

40.8
41.0

40.6
41.6

41.8
41.7

11.53
11.79

11.71
11.87

11.60
11.22

470.42
483.39

475.43
493.79

484.88
467.87

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

41.1
39.4
40.2
42.3
42.5
41.2
42.6
40.7

41.3
39.5
40.4
42.6
43.4
40.0
42.0
42.0

41.3
39.3
40.1
41.5
41.8
40.0
43.0
42.4

10.78
9.14
9.69
10.48
10.68
13.19
14.09
12.06

10.91
9.19
10.14
11.09
11.03
13.75
13.69
12.40

10.93
9.17
9.82
10.94
10.79
13.75
13.84
12.30

443.06
360.12
389.54
443.30
453.90
543.43
600.23
490.84

450.58
363.01
409.66
472.43
478.70
550.00
574.98
520.80

451.41
360.38
393.78
454.01
451.02
550.00
595.12
521.52

Washington

40.1

39.9

40.1

13.53

13.97

13.79

542.55

557.40

552.98

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

40.6
44.6
40.5
41.5
40.8

40.5
43.1
41.0
41.4
39.3

40.7
43.5
40.7
40.2
37.3

12.11
14.33
13.73
14.43
14.18

12.37
15.86
14.10
14.56
13.79

12.35
15.05
14.25
14.36
13.53

491.67
639.12
556.07
598.85
578.54

500.99
683.57
578.10
602.78
541.95

502.65
654.68
579.98
577.27
504.67

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

41.9
43.1
41.6
42.6
44.7
41.7
40.4
41.2
40.9
41.6
40.1
41.8

41.1
43.2
38.8
40.3
39.6
38.6
41.2
40.3
41.2
39.6
40.3
42.6

41.5
43.0
40.3
41.5
40.0
38.3
40.2
39.5
40.7
40.6
42.4
42.4

11.71
12.55
11.91
12.25
15.32
12.49
10.18
10.96
12.92
12.29
11.87
11.04

12.04
13.13
12.12
13.25
15.34
12.19
10.89
11.03
13.13
12.00
11.90
11.57

11.98
13.07
11.66
12.73
15.32
13.10
10.76
11.08
13.19
12.15
12.19
11.76

490.65
540.91
495.46
521.85
684.80
520.83
411.27
451.55
528.43
511.26
475.99
461.47

494.84
567.22
470.26
533.98
607.46
470.53
448.67
444.51
540.96
475.20
479.57
492.88

497.17
562.01
469.90
528.30
612.80
501.73
432.55
437.66
536.83
493.29
516.86
498.62

Wyoming

38.6

39.1

38.7

11.24

11.65

11.92

433.86

455.52

461.30

Puerto Rico

40.1

39.6

6.72

6.99

269.47

276.80

O

Virgin Islands

41.8

43.0

13.43

15.11

561.37

649.73

641.94

1
Not available.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this




42.4

15.14

publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1992
benchmarks.

157

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Nonfarm employee hours by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1

Percent change

Industry

Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ..
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government

May 1993
to
June 1993r

June 1993

Aug.
1993r

Sept.
1993P

204,051

204,960

204,066

2.1

166,321

167,306

166,014

2.0

.6

-.8

1,377
9,291
38,041
21,625
16,416
11,781
12,169
29,638
12,232
51,794

1,381
9,263
37,984
21,632
16,352
11,871
12,163
29,749
12,521
52,375

1,367
9,177
37,920
21,614
16,306
11,795
12,075
29,708
12,185
51,787

-2.0
4.2
-.8
-.8
-.9
2.0
1.2
2.0
.4
4.4

.3
-.3
-.1
.0
-.4
.8
.0
.4
2.4
1.1

-1.0

37,730

37,654

38,052

2.4

-.2

1.1

1
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted, multiplied
by 52.
p
= preliminary.
r
= revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,




July 1992
to
July 1993P

July
1993r

to
July 1993P

-.4

-.9
-.2
-.1
-.3
-.6
-.7
-.1
-2.7
-1.1

nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2414,
chapter 10, "Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors".
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202—606-5606).

159

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted 1
(1982=100)
Annual average

Item

199V

199?

Quarterly index
1991

1990

1992

1993

IV
Business sector
Output per hour of aH persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour.
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
ImpHcH price deflator.

111.8
131.6
117.7
147.4
104.5
131.9
144.7
136.1

115.6
135.4
117.1
155.1
106.7
134.2
149.6
139.2

110.5
132.1
119.6
143.5
103.5
129.8
140.2
133.2

110.9
131.0
118.1
144.9
103.6
130.6
143.4
134.8

111.6
131.5
117.8
146.6
104.2
131.3
145.1
135.8

111.9
131.6
117.6
148.2
104.7
132.5
145.0
136.6

112.9
132.4
117.3
150.2
105.2
133.0
145.8
137.2

114.3
133.4
116.7
152.3
105.9
133.3
148.6
138.3

115.0
134.5
117.0
153.9
106.1
133.8
150.0
139.1

116.2
136.1
117.1
156.3
107.1
134.5
147.4
138.7

117.3
137.9
117.6
158.0
107.4
134.7
152.7
140.6

116.8
138.1
118.2
159.3
107.3
136.3
152.2
141.6

116.5
139.0
119.3
160.1
107.0
137.4
152.8
142.4

110.3
131.8
119.5
146.3
103.6
132.6
146.2
137.0

113.8
135.4
118.9
153.9
105.8
135.2
151.1
140.3

108.9
132.2
121.4
142.1
102.5
130.5
141.5
134.0

109.5
131.2
119.9
143.6
102.7
131.2
144.9
135.7

110.2
131.7
119.5
145.4
103.4
132.0
146.2
136.6

110.5
131.8
119.3
147.1
103.9
133.1
146.5
137.5

111.4
132.7
119.1
148.9
104.3
133.7
147.8
138.2

112.5
133.4
118.6
151.0
104.9
134.2
149.9
139.3

113.3
134.5
118.7
152.8
105.4
134.8
151.6
140.2

114.3
135.9
118.9
155.0
106.2
135.6
148.8
139.8

115.5
137.9
119.4
156.8
106.6
135.8
154.4
141.8

115.0
138.2
120.2
157.9
106.3
137.3
153.9
142.7

114.6
139.2
121.5
158.4
105.9
138.3
154.5
143.5

123.4
126.7
102.6
141.9
100.5
115.0

129.1
130.6
101.2
148.6
102.2
115.1

122.1
128.4
105.2
137.6
99.3
112.7

121.6
125.4
103.1
139.2
99.5
114.5

122.8
125.6
102.3
141.0
100.2
114.8

124.4
127.6
102.6
142.6
100.7
114.7

125.2
128.0
102.2
145.1
101.7
115.9

126.6
128.7
101.6
145.7
101.3
115.1

128.3
130.3
101.6
147.6
101.8
115.1

129.5
130.7
100.9
149.2
102.2
115.2

131.7
132.8
100.9
151.3
102.9
114.9

133.2
135.0
101.3
150.4
101.3
112.9

134.9
135.9
100.7
151.6
101.4
112.4

131.0
132.0
100.7
139.8
99.1
106.7

139.6
137.4
98.4
146.5
100.7
104.9

129.3
134.6
104.1
135.5
97.7
104.8

128.8
130.7
101.5
137.0
97.9
106.4

129.7
130.7
100.8
138.7
98.6
107.0

132.0
132.8
100.6
140.4
99.2
106.4

133.9
133.6
99.8
143.5
100.5
107.2

135.4
134.4
99.3
143.3
99.6
105.8

138.5
136.8
98.8
145.3
100.2
104.9

140.3
137.5
98.0
146.9
100.6
104.7

143.8
140.8
97.9
149.7
101.8
104.1

146.8
144.3
98.3
148.3
99.8
101.0

149.5
145.7
97.4
149.1
99.7
99.7

114.1
120.1
105.3
146.1
103.5
128.0

116.4
122.4
105.1
153.2
105.3
131.6

113.2
120.9
106.8
141.5
102.1
125.0

112.8
118.8
105.4
143.4
102.5
127.1

114.3
119.4
104.5
145.4
103.4
127.2

115.0
121.2
105.3
147.0
103.8
127.8

114.6
121.1
105.7
148.7
104.1
129.8

115.8
121.6
105.0
150.6
104.6
130.0

115.9
122.3
105.6
152.3
105.0
131.5

116.4
122.3
105.1
154.0
105.5
132.4

117.1
123.1
105.2
155.1
105.4
132.5

117.0
123.6
105.6
155.0
104.4
132.5

117.6
123.9
105.4
156.9
104.9
133.5

114.1
134.8
118.2
143.3
101.5
124.7
125.6
122.6
152.9
126.5

117.7
139.0
118.1
147.4
101.4
124.2
125.3
121.5
182.7
127.8

112.8
135.8
120.3
139.9
100.9
122.7
124.0
119.5
149.7
124.4

113.1
134.1
118.6
140.9
100.7
123.9
124.6
122.2
151.3
125.6

113.8
134.3
118.0
143.0
101.7
124.7
125.7
122.1
154.5
126.5

114.3
134.9
118.0
144.2
101.9
125.3
126.2
123.1
150.7
126.9

115.5
136.0
117.8
145.4
101.9
125.0
125.9
122.8
155.2
126.9

116.3
136.8
117.6
146.3
101.6
124.6
125.7
121.7
167.7
127.3

116.9
137.9
118.0
146.8
101.3
124.4
125.6
121.4
179.6
127.8

118.2
139.3
117.9
147.9
101.3
124.5
125.2
122.8
179.3
127.9

119.6
141.8
118.5
149.1
101.3
123.3
124.6
120.0
203.4
128.3

118.7
141.1
118.9
150.1
101.1
125.0
126.5
121.3
192.3
129.2

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours '.
Compensation per hour.
Real compensation per hour.
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Manufacturing
Output per hour of aH persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour.
Real compensation per hour.
Unit labor costs
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour.
Unit labor costs
Nondurable goods
Output per hour of aH persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour.
Real compensation per hour.
Unit labor costs
Nonflnanclal corporations
Output per aH-emptoyee hour.
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour.
Real compensation per hour.
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits

1
The productivity and cost measures for the business and nonfarm business
sectors and the compensation measures for the manufacturing sectors
incorporate revised measures reported by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of
the U.S. Department of Commerce on August 31,1993.

160




2

Not available.
' = revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202—606-5606).

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year In productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs and prices, seasonally
adjusted annual rates
Percent change from
Same quarter, previous year

Previous quarter

Item

199?

1992r

1992r

IV
199?

199?

1993r

1992r

1992f

199?

IV
199?

1993r

1993 f

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

-1.3
2.7

-1.0
2.8
3.8
2.0
-.9
3.1
1.5
2.5

3.0
1.8
-1.2
5.1
2.2
2.1
3.6
2.6

3.0
2.3
-.7
5.0
1.8
1.9
3.4
2.4

3.9
3.4
-.5
5.4
2.3
1.5
1.6
1.5

3.9
4.1
.2
5.2
2.1
1.3
4.7
2.5

2.2
3.5
1.3
4.6
1.3
2.3
2.4
2.3

1.3
3.4
2.0
4.0
.8
2.7
1.9
2.4

4.1
6.0
1.8
4.6
1.4
.5
16.1
5.6

-1.8
.7
2.6
2.8
-1.0
4.7
-1.4
2.5

-1.3
3.1
4.5
1.4
-1.5
2.8
1.7
2.4

2.8
1.7
-1.1
5.1
2.2
2.3
3.5
2.7

2.8
2.1
-.7
5.1
1.9
2.2
3.7
2.7

3.5
3.1
-.4
5.4
2.2
1.8
1.6
1.7

3.7
3.9
.3
5.3
2.2
1.6
4.5
2.6

2.2
3.6
1.4
4.5
1.3
2.3
2.6
2.4

1.1
3.5
2.4
3.7
.5
2.5
1.9
2.3

3.8
1.1
-2.5
4.4
1.7
.6

7.0
6.8
-.2
5.8
2.6
-1.1

4.9
6.6
1.7
-2.4
-6.0
-7.0

5.2
2.8
-2.3
3.3
.4
-1.8

4.1
2.6
-1.4
4.7
1.8
.6

4.5
3.7
-.7
4.7
1.5
.2

4.1
2.4
-1.6
4.6
1.5
.5

5.2
3.8
-1.3
4.3
1.2
-.8

5.2
4.9
-.3
3.2
.0
-1.9

5.2
4.3
-.9
2.7
-.4
-2.4

5.3
2.0
-3.1
4.4
1.7
-.8

10.4
9.8
-.5
7.9
4.6
-2.2

8.6
10.4
1.6

7.7
4.1
-3.4
2.3
-.6
-5.0

5.2
2.9
-2.2
4.6
1.7
-.5

6.8
4.7
-2.0
4.8
1.7

-1.9

6.3
3.5
-2.6
4.6
1.5
-1.5

7.4
5.4
-1.9
4.4
1.2
-2.8

8.4
7.3
-1.0
3.5
.3
-4.6

8.0
6.5
-1.4
2.6
-.5
-5.0

1.7
.0
-1.7
4.6
1.8
2.8

2.5
2.7
.2
2.8
-.4
.2

1.7
-.1
-3.8
.0

1.9
1.1
-.8
5.0
2.0
3.0

2.7
2.3
-.3
5.0
2.1
2.2

1.4
2.4
1.0
4.8
1.6
3.3

1.2
1.0
-.2
4.8
1.6
3.6

2.2
1.7
-.5
4.3
1.2
2.1

1.0
1.6
.6
3.0
-.2
1.9

1.5
1.3
-.2
3.0
-.1
1.5

4.4
3.9
-.5
3.0
.3
.3

5.0
7.4
2.2
3.1
.0
-3.8
-1.8
-8.8
65.5
1.1

-3.2
-1.8
1.4
2.8
-1.0
5.6
6.1
4.2
-20.1
2.8

2.9
2.0
-.8
3.8

2.8
2.7
.0
2.7
-.4
-.2
-.1
-.6
16.2
1.0

3.4
3.3
-.1
2.6
-.5
-.6
-.8
-.2
19.0
.8

3.6
4.2
.6
2.5
-.5
-1.4

2.0
3.2
1.1
2.6
-.6
.3
.6
-.3
14.7
1.5

4.9
2.9
-1.9
5.9
2.5
.9
7.8
3.3

2.5
3.4
.8
4.2
1.1
1.6
3.8
2.4

4.3
4.6
.3
6.3
3.5
1.9
-6.8
-1.2

3.8
5.6
1.8
4.6
1.4
.8
15.2
5.6

4.0
2.1
-1.8
5.8
2.4
1.7
6.0
3.2

2.9
3.3
.3
4.8
1.6
1.8
4.4
2.7

3.6
4.4
.7
6.0
3.2
2.2
-7.2
-1.1

4.5
2.1
-2.3
1.7
-1.5
-2.7

5.4
5.2
-.1
5.2
2.1
-.1

4.6
2.4
-2.0
-.5
-3.7
-4.8

9.4
7.4

-1.9
5.8
2.6
-3.3

4.5
1.7
-2.7
5.2
1.8
.7

2.3
2.2
4.8
1.6
4.6

-1.6
.5
2.1
3.2
-.6
4.9

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour.
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour.
Unit labor costs

-3.9
-7.4
-11.5

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour.
Unit labor costs

.1

-.2
1.5

Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour.
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator.

2.9
2.3
-.6
2.4
-.9
-1.4
-.5
-3.5

36.3
1.2

2.0
3.4
1.4
1.6
-1.5
-.6
-.4
-.9
31.5
1.8

-1.4
4.8
-.6
.2

1
The productivity and cost measures for the business and nonfarm business
sectors and the compensation measures for the manufacturing sectors
incorporate revised measures reported by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of
the U.S. Department of Commerce on August 31,1993.




ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

.9
.5
.9
-.4
10.8
1.3

-1.0
-2.2
31.1
1.1

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

2

Not available.
' = revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202-606-5606).

161

HOUSEHOLD DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1
(Numbers in thousands)
Census region and
division

1993

1992
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May.

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

NORTHEAST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

39,505 39,518 39,533 39,547 39,551 39,555 39,567 39,570 39,572 39,577 39,582 39,584 39,589
25,576 25,567 25,727 25,746 25,688 25,612 25,564 25,425 25,591 25,534 25,522 25,608 25,457
23,440 23,489 23,641 23,653 23,649 23,665 23,703 23,588 23,756 23,733 23,733 23,749 23,676
2,137
2,078 2,086 2,093 2,039
1,947
1,862
1,837
1,835
1,802
1,789
1,858
1,781
8.4
8.1
8.1
8.1
7.9
7.6
7.3
7.2
7.2
7.1
7.0
7.3
7.0

New England
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

10,220 10,224 10,231 10,236 10,239 10,241 10,247 10,244 10,243 10,242 10,241 10,239 10,238
7,055 7,075 7,140
7,123
7,127
7,054 7,054 6,985
7,007 7,082 7,069 7,097 7,097
6,480 6,511
6,544 6,530 6,562 6,524 6,557 6,499 6,536 6,633 6,629 6,641
6,631
597
564
575
593
565
530
486
497
470
449
440
456
466
8.4
8.3
8.0
8.2
7.9
7.5
7.0
6.7
7.0
6.3
6.2
6.4
6.6

Middle Atlantic
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

29,285 29,294 29,302 29,312 29,312 29,314 29,320 29,326 29,329 29,335 29,341 29,345 29,351
18,521 18,492 18,587 18,623 18,561 18,558 18,511 18,440 18,585 18,452 18,453 18,511 18,360
16,960 16,978 17,098 17,123 17,087 17,141 17,146 17,089 17,220 17,100 17,104 17,109 17,045
1,489
1,514
1,500
1,474
1,562
1,417
1,365
1,351
1,365
1,353
1,348
1,402
1,315
8.0
8.1
8.2
8.4
7.9
7.6
7.4
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.3
7.6
7.2

SOUTH
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

65,962 66,036 66,108 66,186 66,241 66,302 66,372 66,447 66,520 66,598 66,677 66,750 66,832
43,135 43,109 43,161 43,249 43,099 43,460 43,417 43,239 43,569 43,525 43,422 43,641 43,539
40,053 40,092 40,184 40,313 40,176 40,667 40,465 40,315 40,774 40,639 40,551 40,783 40,915
2,977 2,936 2,923 2,792 2,952 2,924 2,795 2,886 2,872 2,858 2,624
3,083 3,017
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.8
6.4
7.1
6.8
6.8
6.4
6.6
6.6
6.5
6.0

South Atlantic
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

34,170 34,220 34,265 34,317 34,355 34,396 34,441 34,480 34,516 34,555 34,596 34,632 34,672
22,460 22,448 22,480 22,577 22,588 22,815 22,729 22,679 22,746 22,722 22,594 22,675 22,645
20,868 20,906 20,949 21,140 21,100 21,360 21,226 21,199 21,356 21,257 21,135 21,208 21,350
1,437
1,542
1,592
1,531
1,488
1,456
1,502
1,480
1,390
1,465
1,458
1,467
1,295
6.4
6.9
7.1
6.8
6.4
6.6
6.6
6.5
6.1
6.4
6.5
6.5
5.7

East South Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

11,724 11,731 11,740 11,748 11,753 11,759 11,766 11,778 11,791 11,804 11,818 11,830 11,844
7,359 7,345 7,383
7,390 7,298 7,404 7,429 7,336 7,470 7,476 7,444 7,432 7,421
6,868 6,843 6,883 6,872 6,819
6,981
6,883 6,799 6,945 6,983 6,966 6,968 6,957
502
500
518
491
423
479
546
537
525
492
478
463
463
6.8
6.7
6.8
7.0
5.7
6.6
7.3
7.3
7.0
6.6
6.4
6.2
6.2

West South Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

20,068 20,085 20,103 20,122 20,133 20,147 20,164 20,189 20,213 20,239 20,264 20,288 20,315
13,317 13,316 13,298 13,283 13,212 13,240 13,260 13,224 13,352 13,327 13,384 13,534 13,473
12,317 12,343 12,352 12,301 12,257 12,327 12,356 12,317 12,472 12,398 12,449 12,607 12,608
1,000
946
973
982
955
913
904
907
880
929
935
927
865
7.1
7.3
7.5
7.4
7.2
6.9
6.9
6.8
6.6
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.4

See footnotes at end of table.




163

HOUSEHOLD DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Census region and
division

1992
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

1993
Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May.

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

MIDWEST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

45,936 45,962 45,987 46,014 46,028 46,042 46,064 46,095 46,123 46,155 46,191 46,219 46,253
31,389 31,221 31,243 31,373 31,316 31,208 31,190 31,153' 31,488! 31,663 31,679 31,776 31,616
29,352 29,307 29,343 29,430 29,374 29,224 29,315 29,216| 29,483 29,662 29,830 30,034 29,745
1,914
1,944
1,942
1,985
1,900
1,875
2,037
1,936
2,0051 2,001
1,849
1,742
1,871
6.2
6.2
6.4
6.1
6.0
6.2
6.5
6.4
6.3
6.1
5.8
5.5
5.9

East North Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

32,397 32,415 32,433 32,453 32,461 32,473 32,489 32,511 32,530 32,552 32,577 32,595 32,619
21,839 21,675 21,678 21,792 21,722 21,640 21,696 21,697 21,897 21,994 22,010 22,064 21,840
20,250 20,202 20,213 20,303 20,279 20,176 20,320 20,237 20,378 20,512 20,632 20,749 20,407
1,376
1,489
1,443
1,464
1,473
1,465
1,461
1,588
1,520
1,482
1,378
1,316
1,433
6.8
6.6
6.8
6.8
6.3
6.7
6.8
6.7
7.3
6.9
6.3
6.0
6.6

West North Central
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

13,539 13,547 13,554 13,562 13,567 13,569 13,575 13,584 13,593 13,603 13,614 13,624 13,633
9,594 9,568 9,494 9,455 9,591
9,669 9,668 9,712
9,550 9,546 9,565 9,581
9,776
9,127
9,095 9,048 8,995 8,980 9,106
9,130
9,150
9,105
9,101
9,197
9,285 9,338
454
499
435
500
521
441
476
485
519
449
471
427
438
4.7
5.4
5.2
4.5
5.3
4.7
4.6
5.0
5.1
5.4
4.9
4.4
4.5

WEST
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

40,544 40,616 40,687 40,761 40,824 40,886 40,955 41,014 41,067 41,126 41,184 41,240 41,297
27,159 27,066 27,210 27,212 27,218 27,306 27,327 27,245 27,320 27,253 27,468 27,306 27,443
24,925 24,760 24,879 24,911 24,965 25,026 25,096 25,125 25,208 25,096 25,153 25,125 25,211
2,301
2,252 2,280 2,230 2,120
2,234 2,306 2,331
2,112
2,156
2,315
2,181
2,232
8.5
8.3
8.3
8.5
8.6
8.2
7.8
8.2
7.7
7.9
8.4
8.0
8.1

Mountain
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

10,232 10,247 10,259 10,274 10,286 10,296 10,310 10,332 10,353 10,376 10,399 10,420 10,443
6,945 6,848 6,934 6,892 7,011
6,877 6,864 6,894 6,911
7,032 7,024 7,048 7,016
6,437 6,436 6,467 6,470 6,488 6,452 6,499 6,460 6,595 6,615
6,643 6,642 6,605
396
435
457
432
416
441
428
427
440
417
381
406
412
5.8
6.3
6.6
6.3
5.9
6.4
6.4
6.2
5.9
6.2
5.4
5.8
5.9

Pacific
Civilian noninstitutional population2
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

30,312 30,369 30,428 30,488 30,538 30,590 30,645 30,682 30,714 30,750 30,785 30,820 30,854
20,282 20,202 20,316 20,301 20,273 20,458 20,392 20,352 20,309 20,221 20,444 20,258 20,427
18,489 18,325 18,412 18,441 18,477 18,575 18,598 18,665 18,613 18,481 18,510 18,482 18,606
1,860
1,878
1,904
1,884
1,795
1,688
1,796
1,697
1,740
1,794
1,935
1,776
1,821
9.2
9.3
9.4
8.3
8.9
9.2
8.8
8.4
8.6
8.8
9.5
8.8
8.9

1
These estimates may differ from the results obtained from summing the
official State estimates produced and published through the Local Area
Unemployment Statistics(LAUS) program.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that compose the
various census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic:
New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of

164




Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia,
and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and
Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas;
East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West
North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota,
and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,
New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii,
Oregon, and Washington.

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1992

1993

State
Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

1,961.1
1,819.7
141.4
7.2

1,940.4
1,805.5
134.9
6.9

1,925.6
1,803.5
122.1
6.3

1.941.7
1.809.8
131.9
6.8

1.932.2
1.796.9
135.3
7.0

1.968.1
1.812.1
156.0
7.9

1.970.1
1.822.7
147.4
7.5

1,980.9
1,825.3
155.6
7.9

1,943.3
1,797.4
145.9
7.5

1,966.0
1,824.1
141.9
7.2

1,966.8
1,817.8
149.0
7.6

1,959.2
1,808.6
150.5
7.7

1,958.1
1,815.8
142.3
7.3

262.9
238.0
24.8
9.5

262.6
240.3
22.4
8.5

261.8
237.5
24.3
9.3

263.8
240.7
23.1
8.8

263.1
241.1
22.0
8.4

264.0
241.6
22.4
8.5

263.7
242.0
21.6
8.2

267.1
247.2
19.9
7.5

265.1
243.8
21.3
8.1

269.7
246.9
22.8
8.5

270.1
248.9
21.2
7.9

268.7
247.5
21.3
7.9

267.4
246.8
20.6
7.7

1,713.7
1,589.6
124.1
7.2

1,736.9
1,611.6
125.3
7.2

1,735.5
1,607.1
128.3
7.4

1,734.7
1,608.7
126.0
7.3

1.742.2
1.615.7
126.5
7.3

1,776.9
1,639.9
136.9
7.7

1,730.4
1,603.6
126.9
7.3

1,739.3
1,613.8
125.6
7.2

1,718.2
1.594.5
123.8
7.2

1,721.1
1,612.6
108.5
6.3

1,712.4
1,610.0
102.4
6.0

1,736.4
1,640.0
5.6

1,750.2
1,652.5
97.7
5.6

1,150.1
1,069.7
80.5
7.0

1,145.6
1,062.9
82.6
7.2

1,142.8
1,061.0
81.9
7.2

1.124.6
1,041.0
83.6
7.4

1.121.7
1.038.8
82.9
7.4

1.108.1
1,027.3
80.8
7.3

1,119.8
1,045.5
74.3
6.6

1,132.4
1,061.0
71.5
6.3

1,134.9
1,068.1
66.8
5.9

1,147.5
1,073.8
73.7
6.4

1,170.5
1,102.5
68.0
5.8

1,173.1
1,107.4
65.7
5.6

1,177.5
1,107.3
70.2
6.0

15,313.1
13,830.7
1,482.4
9.7

15,283.8
13,837.2
1,446.6
9.5

15,211.4
13,721.7
1,489.7
9.8

15.282.9
13.757.4
1.525.5
10.0

15.365.5
13.862.5
1.503.0
9.8

15.242.3
13.801.4
1.440.9
9.5

15,405.1
13,898.8
1,506.4
9.8

15,341.8
13,894.4
1,447.3
9.4

15.329.5
14,017.4
1,312.2

15,341.8
14,003.3
1,338.5
8.7

15,202.4
13,815.6
1,386.8
9.1

15,400.3
13,896.8
1,503.4
9.8

15,186.2
13,814.5
1,371.7
9.0

1,765.5
1,654.4
111.0
6.3

1,752.7
1,648.6
104.2
5.9

1,766.6
1,664.4
102.2
5.8

1.768.5
1.667.8
100.7
5.7

1.770.0
1.670.8
99.2
5.6

1.802.9
1.698.3
104.6
5.8

1,784.6
1,683.6
101.0
5.7

1,794.7
1,691.0
103.7
5.8

1,765.3
1,671.9
93.5
5.3

1,775.1
1,675.0
100.1
5.6

1,774.4
1,678.4
96.0
5.4

1,797.4
1,702.6
94.8
5.3

1,798.4
1,703.1
95.2
5.3

1,792.1
1,657.6
134.5
7.5

1,786.4
1,650.3
136.1
7.6

1,802.0
1,667.4
134.5
7.5

1,796.1
1.659.5
136.6
7.6

1.785.9
1,653.1
132.7
7.4

1.759.7
1.635.4
124.3
7.1

1,746.3
1,627.7
118.7
6.8

1,749.1
1,626.3
122.8
7.0

1,751.8
1,620.9
130.9
7.5

1,758.3
1,628.1
130.2
7.4

1,788.2
1,668.7
119.5
6.7

1,813.1
1,694.6
118.5
6.5

1,807.3
1,689.9
117.4
6.5

373.2
353.7
19.6
5.2

374.8
355.9
19.0
5.1

375.1
354.9
20.2
5.4

375.4
358.1
17.4
4.6

376.3
358.6
17.7
4.7

378.5
361.8
16.7
4.4

378.6
359.1
19.4
5.1

376.7
357.4
19.3
5.1

377.8
358.4
19.5
5.1

374.5
358.1
16.4
4.4

379.3
364.0
15.3
4.0

380.1
361.8
18.2
4.8

380.7
361.7
19.0
5.0

271.9
247.7
24.1
8.9

272.5
248.9
23.6
8.7

270.2
247.1
23.1
8.6

268.7
244.7
24.0
8.9

268.0
244.3
23.7
8.8

264.8
239.5
25.3
9.6

271.3
247.6
23.7
8.7

270.0
247.2
22.8
8.5

273.2
250.5
22.7
8.3

272.3
249.6
22.6
8.3

267.4
244.8
22.6
8.5

271.1
249.0
22.1
8.2

269.8
246.4
23.4
8.7

6,590.1
6,029.6
560.5
8.5

6,628.2
6.051.6
576.6
8.7

6,592.4
6.090.6
501.8
7.6

6.572.6
6.068.1
504.5
7.7

6.586.1
6.109.2
476.9
7.2

6.643.8
6.124.8
519.0
7.8

6,713.9
6,262.6
451.3
6.7

6,667.7
6.205.8
461.9
6.9

6,689.9
6,246.4
443.4

6,790.3
6,299.4
490.9
7.2

6,803.3
6.324.2
479.1
7.0

6,686.3
6,216.7
469.6
7.0

6,581.5
6,112.2
469.2
7.1

July

Aug.P

Alabama
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Alaska
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Arizona
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Arkansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
California1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Colorado
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Connecticut
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Delaware
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
District off Columbia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




165

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

D-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1992

1993

State
Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

3,250.2
3,003.8
246.4
7.6

3,238.9
3,010.6
228.3
7.0

3,266.2
3,025.9
240.2
7.4

3,263.1
3,035.1
228.1
7.0

3,253.7
3,037.0
216.7
6.7

3,279.2
3,062.2
217.0
6.6

3,283.4
3,068.7
214.6
6.5

3,273.9
3,055.8
218.1
6.7

3,275.5
3,075.6
199.9
6.1

3,284.2
3,108.6
175.6
5.3

3,278.6
3,118.5
160.0
4.9

3,290.2
3,119.2
171.0
5.2

3,292.2
3,131.5
160.7
4.9

575.1
547.4
27.7
4.8

575.5
547.2
28.3
4.9

576.1
546.9
29.2
5.1

577.3
548.3
29.0
5.0

577.5
550.0
27.6
4.8

576.5
549.5
27.0
4.7

569.7
542.4
27.3
4.8

570.8
543.6
27.2
4.8

578.2
549.8
28.4
4.9

576.7
549.3
27.4
4.8

575.5
549.4
26.0
4.5

580.2
552.9
27.3
4.7

579.7
553.6
26.0
4.5

521.9
488.6
33.3
6.4

522.9
489.1
33.9
6.5

521.3
488.2
33.1
6.3

522.3
489.3
33.0
6.3

520.4
488.2
32.2
6.2

520.9
486.4
34.5
6.6

516.0
482.9
33.1
6.4

513.9
477.9
36.0
7.0

509.1
473.6
35.5
7.0

520.3
483.9
36.4
7.0

520.3
486.8
33.6
6.5

525.3
493.4
32.0
6.1

531.7
500.2
31.4
5.9

6,071.8
5,665.5
406.3
6.7

6,126.1
5,698.0
428.1
7.0

6,109.5
5,749.2
360.3
5.9

6,137.7
5,739.2
398.5
6.5

6,205.2
5,773.4
431.8
7.0

6,060.9
5,668.2
392.8
6.5

6,039.0
5,559.6
479.4
7.9

6,069.2
5,559.6
509.6
8.4

6,029.9
5,540.1
489.7
8.1

6,171.3
5,658.8
512.5
8.3

6,158.6
5,664.6
493.9
8.0

6,131.2
5,691.0
440.2
7.2

6,131.5
5,663.3
468.2
7.6

2,866.7
2,681.6
185.1
6.5

2,856.7
2,669.5
187.1
6.5

2,836.2
2,660.7
175.5
6.2

2,830.0
2,644.5
185.6
6.6

2,826.5
2,644.6
181.9
6.4

2,799.5
2,623.6
176.0
6.3

2,820.4
2,648.7
171.7
6.1

2,853.2
2,718.7
134.5
4.7

2,886.8
2,721.2
165.7
5.7

2,888.3
2,708.4
179.9
6.2

2,917.3
2,741.5
175.7
6.0

2,991.9
2,857.0
134.9
4.5

3,001.1
2,871.2
129.8
4.3

1,561.4
1,495.4
66.0
4.2

1,563.1
1,494.8
68.4
4.4

1,553.9
1,487.3
66.6
4.3

1,554.3
1,488.5
65.8
4.2

1,555.3
1,488.3
67.0
4.3

1,567.3
1,497.9
69.5
4.4

1,573.3
1,505.8
67.5
4.3

1,576.4
1,507.4
69.0
4.4

1,564.7
1,496.7
68.0
4.3

1,577.5
1,508.6
68.9
4.4

1,599.8
1,536.8
63.0
3.9

1,596.8
1,532.4
64.4
4.0

1,594.9
1,543.9
51.0
3.2

1,336.1
1,279.5
56.7
4.2

1,335.6
1,278.3
57.2
4.3

1,332.4
1,277.2
55.1
4.1

1,328.9
1,273.1
55.7
4.2

1,331.0
1,274.8
56.2
4.2

1,339.9
1,281.9
58.1
4.3

1,344.6
1,283.5
61.0
4.5

1,338.9
1,272.2
66.6
5.0

1,334.3
1,267.1
67.2
5.0

1,338.5
1,268.5
70.0
5.2

1,339.4
1,267.6
71.8
5.4

1,334.8
1,270.5
64.2
4.8

1,328.0
1,264.0
64.0
4.8

1,760.9
1,629.9
131.0
7.4

1,753.9
1,632.0
121.9
6.9

1,756.5
1,630.4
126.1
7.2

1,751.3
1,638.6
112.7
6.4

1,757.9
1,644.1
113.8
6.5

1,769.7
1,659.2
110.5
6.2

1,769.3
1,672.3
97.0
5.5

1,766.1
1,652.3
113.8
6.4

1,766.3
1,650.7
115.6
6.5

1,779.8
1,646.7
133.1
7.5

1,771.9
1,655.5
116.4
6.6

1,779.4
1,664.6
114.8
6.5

1,774.0
1,656.0
118.0
6.7

1,922.2
1,769.8
152.4
7.9

1,909.5
1,750.9
158.6
8.3

1,907.6
1,756.8
150.9
7.9

1,898.9
1,747.8
151.1
8.0

1,886.3
1,732.4
153.8
8.2

1,893.7
1,742.2
151.5
8.0

1,900.9
1,766.2
134.7
7.1

1,878.4
1,742.6
135.8
7.2

1,866.7
1,736.6
130.1
7.0

1,895.4
1,755.8
139.6
7.4

1,874.0
1,743.8
130.2
6.9

1,842.4
1,720.5
121.9
6.6

1,871.1
1,732.9
138.2
7.4

664.8
618.6
46.2
6.9

664.2
617.6
46.6
7.0

660.6
616.1
44.5
6.7

663.7
616.8
46.9
7.1

659.9
612.3
47.6
7.2

662.0
611.6
50.5
7.6

654.0
600.7
53.3
8.2

657.4
602.9
54.5
8.3

652.1
598.9
53.3
8.2

652.6
600.8
51.9
7.9

652.3
596.4
56.0
8.6

647.1
599.0
48.1
7.4

654.3
604.7
49.6
7.6

Aug.P

Georgia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ...
Hawaii
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ...
Idaho
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ...
Illinois1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ...
Indiana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ...
Iowa
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ...
Kansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ...
Kentucky
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ...
Louisiana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate ..
Mai
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.

166



STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1992
State

1993

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

2,643.1
2,468.1
175.0

2,634.5
2,459.6
174.9
6.6

2,624.5
2,454.0
170.5
6.5

2,620.4
2,453.1
167.3
6.4

2,641.4
2,476.7
164.6
6.2

2,610.8
2,459.1
151.6
5.8

2,635.4
2,475.1
160.4
6.1

2,625.9
2,463.7
162.2
6.2

2,600.2
2,432.2
168.1
6.5

2,549.5
2,390.8
158.7
6.2

2,562.7
2,389.0
173.8
6.8

2,559.4
2,387.7
171.7
6.7

2,586.3
2,409.4
177.0
6.8

3,117.6
2,855.3
262.3
8.4

3,107.1
2,841.2
265.9
8.6

3,105.8
2,843.4
262.4
8.4

3,129.4
2,852.4
277.0
8.9

3,139.3
2,868.1
271.2
8.6

3,200.2
2,936.6
263.6
8.2

3,142.7
2,901.4
241.3
7.7

3,170.2
2,966.0
204.2

3,120.6
2,919.0
201.6
6.5

3,130.4
2,920.0
210.4
6.7

3,136.9
2,949.9
187.0
6.0

3,107.0
2,910.3
196.8
6.3

3,145.1
2,924.8
220.3
7.0

4,626.7
4,217.2
409.5
8.9

4,628.7
4,226.3
402.4
8.7

4,615.5
4,219.3
396.2
8.6

4,625.8
4,255.9
369.9
8.0

4,608.5
4,239.1
369.4
8.0

4,589.7
4,264.1
325.6
7.1

4,583.5
4,274.1
309.4
6.8

4,547.9
4,259.3
288.6
6.3

4,632.3
4,324.1
308.2
6.7

4,683.4
4,355.8
327.6
7.0

4,725.3
4,379.6
345.7
7.3

4,709.2
4,364.3
344.9
7.3

4,686.7
4,380.5
306.2
6.5

2,429.3
2,307.6
121.7
5.0

2,436.9
2,317.2
119.7
4.9

2,443.9
2,319.3
124.6
5.1

2,445.8
2,317.5
128.3
5.2

2,467.4
2,346.1
121.3
4.9

2,505.5
2,373.4
132.2
5.3

2,484.1
2,340.9
143.2
5.8

2,490.0
2,363.6
126.4
5.1

2,491.9
2,353.7
138.2
5.5

2,472.3
2,332.0
140.3
5.7

2,505.4
2,364.2
141.3
5.6

2,476.0
2,351.7
124.2
5.0

2,478.2
2,364.5
113.7
4.6

1,195.2
1,092.6
102.6
8.6

1,197.0
1,099.5
97.6
8.2

1,189.5
1,096.6
92.9
7.8

1,187.7
1,103.6
84.1
7.1

1,179.9
1,098.8
81.1
6.9

1,170.1
1,098.0
72.1
6.2

1,174.4
1,099.8
74.6
6.4

1,191.0
1,108.9
82.1
6.9

1,190.3
1,102.3
88.0
7.4

1,198.1
1,110.1
88.0
7.3

1,199.7
1,125.2
74.5
6.2

1,186.3
1,121.6
64.7
5.5

1,198.7
1,133.8
64.9
5.4

2,686.8
2,532.8
153.9
5.7

2,680.9
2,525.7
155.2
5.8

2,686.0
2,541.1
144.9
5.4

2,683.8
2,548.8
135.0
5.0

2,660.7
2,515.0
145.7
5.5

2,653.1
2,498.6
154.5
5.8

2,621.0
2,460.5
160.5
6.1

2,613.5
2,437.5
175.9
6.7

2.608.6
2,430.5
178.1
6.8

2,649.4
2,484.4
165.0
6.2

2,652.2
2,471.7
180.5
6.8

2,685.6
2,522.4
163.2
6.1

2,689.5
2,533.1
156.4
5.8

410.6
380.4
30.2
7.4

411.9
383.7
28.2
6.8

413.2
387.1
26.1
6.3

411.5
388.2
23.3
5.7

409.5
383.2
26.2
6.4

406.1
377.1
29.0
7.1

402.9
374.4
28.5
7.1

406.5
379.9
26.6
6.5

401.9
376.1
25.8
6.4

408.1
383.5
24.6
6.0

413.3
388.3
25.0
6.1

417.8
392.2
25.5
6.1

414.9
387.0
27.9
6.7

856.7
831.8
24.9
2.9

853.1
828.3
24.8
2.9

852.5
828.4
24.1
2.8

848.3
825.6
22.7
2.7

847.5
823.7
23.8
2.8

848.2
824.3
23.9
2.8

857.3
833.9
23.4
2.7

863.5
837.3
26.2
3.0

868.4
843.7
24.7
2.8

871.1
844.5
26.6
3.1

868.8
842.3
26.5
3.1

869.1
846.0
23.1
2.7

847.3
20.8
2.4

677.2
629.2
48.0
7.1

678.4
631.9
46.5
6.9

680.5
635.6
44.9
6.6

683.4
639.3
44.1
6.5

680.3
637.8
42.6
6.3

683.0
635.1
48.0
7.0

679.5
633.5
46.0
6.8

674.5
627.5
47.0
7.0

686.3
639.0
47.2
6.9

692.7
643.9
48.8
7.0

712.2
661.7
50.4
7.1

720.1
671.9
48.2
6.7

713.7
667.4
46.3
6.5

633.4
585.9
47.5
7.5

634.4
586.1
48.3
7.6

639.2
591.8
47.4
7.4

643.9
596.4
47.5
7.4

641.3
595.0
46.3
7.2

644.1
592.3
51.8
8.0

656.7
601.5
55.2
8.4

649.1
594.0
55.1
8.5

640.9
591.4
49.5
7.7

636.9
595.5
41.4
6.5

635.0
594.1
40.9
6.4

631.4
592.1
39.2
6.2

642.2
601.6
40.6
6.3

Aug.P

Maryland
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Massachusetts1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Michigan1
Civilian labor force
.Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Minnesota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Mississippi
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Missouri
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Montana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Nebraska
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Nevada
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Hampshire
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




167

STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1992

1993

State
Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

3,947.2
3,583.8
363.4
9.2

3,981.6
3,624.5
357.1
9.0

3,974.0
3,649.0
325.0
8.2

3,998.4
3,650.6
347.8
8.7

4,008.2
3,676.3
331.9
8.3

3,929.8
3,640.2
289.7
7.4

3,914.9
3,608.8
306.2
7.8

3,921.8
3,596.7
325.1
8.3

3,934.0
3,575.8
358.3
9.1

4,001.2
3,706.1
295.1
7.4

3,984.8
3,710.5
274.3
6.9

3,912.6
3,641.5
271.1
6.9

3,942.0
3,662.0
280.0
7.1

722.7
673.0
49.7
6.9

725.8
675.8
50.0
6.9

725.8
677.5
48.3
6.7

727.2
681.0
46.2
6.3

721.5
678.0
43.5
6.0

727.5
680.0
47.5
6.5

734.0
685.0
49.0
6.7

732.3
681.0
51.3
7.0

731.6
680.8
50.7
6.9

737.5
682.8
54.6
7.4

736.1
681.8
54.3
7.4

738.2
684.6
53.6
7.3

735.8
681.6
54.2
7.4

8,539.1
7,811.2
727.9
8.5

8,510.4
7,761.4
749.0
8.8

8,470.1
7,733.3
736.8
8.7

8,531.0
7,830.8
700.2
8.2

8,583.9
7,858.2
725.7
8.5

8,607.4
7,876.6
730.8
8.5

8,634.6
7,946.3
688.4
8.0

8,614.3
7,985.3
628.9
7.3

8,558.5
7,960.2
598.4
7.0

8,571.1
7,926.1
644.9
7.5

8,490.8
7,825.1
665.7
7.8

8,510.7
7,870.8
639.8
7.5

8,482.3
7,814.3
667.9
7.9

3,503.2
3,288.5
214.7
6.1

3,500.1
3,293.4
206.7
5.9

3,510.2
3,313.0
197.2
5.6

3,529.9
3,322.8
207.1
5.9

3,521.4
3,324.5
196.9
5.6

3,524.0
3,332.1
191.9
5.4

3,504.4
3,321.3
183.1
5.2

3,506.0
3,319.3
186.7
5.3

3,503.5
3,310.9
192.7
5.5

3,527.4
3,348.9
178.5
5.1

3,503.7
3,314.8
189.0
5.4

3,476.3
3,318.5
157.8
4.5

3,448.3
3,290.5
157.9
4.6

309.8
294.8
15.1
4.9

313.6
298.6
14.9
4.8

312.2
297.4
14.8
4.7

313.8
299.4
14.4
4.6

313.6
299.2
14.4
4.6

313.4
299.6
13.8
4.4

314.3
300.1
14.2
4.5

313.8
298.7
15.1
4.8

319.2
303.5
15.7
4.9

322.2
305.9
16.4
5.1

314.6
299.5
15.1
4.8

313.5
300.2
13.4
4.3

311.6
298.7
12.9
4.2

5,548.9
5,133.7
415.2
7.5

5,522.7
5,126.6
396.1
7.2

5,457.3
5,057.3
400.0
7.3

5,420.2
5,014.8
405.4
7.5

5,438.6
5,043.4
395.2
7.3

5,507.6
5,121.8
385.9
7.0

5,494.8
5,126.2
368.6
6.7

5,482.7
5,125.6
357.1
6.5

5.463.3
5,108.2
355.0
6.5

5,446.9
5,114.1
332.9
6.1

5.459.2
5,140.6
318.6
5.8

5,502.8
5,123.9
378.9
6.9

5,501.8
5,192.9
308.9
5.6

1,527.2
1,437.8
89.4
5.9

1,532.2
1,445.2
86.9
5.7

1,532.9
1,453.9
79.0
5.2

1,540.0
1,461.7
78.2
5.1

1,540.6
1,458.2
82.4
5.4

1,536.1
1,450.8
85.3
5.6

1,531.0
1,451.4
79.7
5.2

1,522.4
1,430.8
91.6
6.0

1,500.3
1,400.8
99.5
6.6

1,497.2
1,407.2
90.0
6.0

1,521.1
1,426.7
94.4
6.2

1,520.2
1,423.7
96.5
6.3

1.539.9
1,448.3
91.6
5.9

1,543.4
1,426.5
116.9
7.6

1,549.6
1,431.9
117.7
7.6

1,540.9
1,426.4
114.5
7.4

1,544.0
1,431.4
112.6
7.3

1,536.5
1,424.3
112.1
7.3

1,546.9
1,434.8
112.1
7.2

1,566.1
1,451.6
114.5
7.3

1,581.3
1,469.6
111.7
7.1

1,555.7
1,438.0
117.7
7.6

1,531.0
1,418.0
113.1
7.4

1,569.6
1,457.0
112.6
7.2

1,560.9
1,439.4
121.5
7.8

1,564.5
1,450.6
113.9
7.3

6,039.7
5,562.4
477.3
7.9

6,029.3
5,573.9
455.4
7.6

6,048.2
5,595.9
452.3
7.5

6,057.4
5,616.2
441.2
7.3

6,030.6
5,588.4
442.2
7.3

6,023.6
5,570.3
453.3
7.5

6,008.1
5,585.6
422.5
7.0

5,974.7
5,564.1
410.6
6.9

5,947.6
5,553.1
394.4
6.6

6,012.5
5,587.7
424.8
7.1

5,976.8
5,563.9
412.9
6.9

6,029.4
5,591.9
437.5
7.3

6,086.7
5,632.3
454.4
7.5

531.3
483.2
48.1
9.1

526.6
481.0
45.6
8.7

525.0
481.1
43.8
8.3

526.6
482.8
43.8
8.3

523.4
481.7
41.7
8.0

532.4
489.7
42.7
8.0

526.3
485.8
40.5
7.7

522.9
480.5
42.5
8.1

521.8
477.9
43.9
8.4

523.6
481.3
42.3
8.1

523.1
480.7
42.4
8.1

520.2
485.6
34.6
6.7

519.1
483.5
35.6
6.8

Aug."

New Jersey1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Mexico
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New York1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
North Carolina1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
North Dakota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Ohio1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Oklahoma
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Oregon
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Pennsylvania1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Rhode Island
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.

168




STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1993

1992
State
Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1,785.4
1,677.8
107.6
6.0

1,775.4
1,667.6
107.8
6.1

1,776.9
1,670.0
106.9
6.0

1,780.7
1,675.1
105.6
5.9

1,790.7
1,688.0
102.8
5.7

359.8
349.7
10.0
2.8

359.4
349.0
10.4
2.9

360.6
350.1
10.5
2.9

365.7
355.1
10.6
2.9

2,447.2
2,289.3
158.0
6.5

2,449.3
2,293.7
155.7
6.4

2,464.6
2,323.1
141.5
5.7

8,736.1
8,108.3
627.8
7.2

8,753.4
8,082.6
670.8
7.7

807.2
765.9
41.3
5.1

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

1,784.6
1,672.6
112.0
6.3

1,777.0
1,672.9
104.1
5.9

1,761.0
1,652.2
108.8
6.2

1,763.0
1,639.4
123.6
7.0

1,799.6
1,671.1
128.5
7.1

1,792.4
1,666.5
125.9
7.0

1,797.0
1,667.3
129.7
7.2

1,817.2
1,686.8
130.4
7.2

364.5
353.2
11.3
3.1

366.0
352.0
14.0
3.8

365.4
351.3
14.1
3.9

365.9
353.3
12.6
3.4

364.1
352.0
12.1
3.3

362.9
351.4
11.5
3.2

366.9
356.2
10.7
2.9

369.6
359.7
9.9
2.7

370.9
360.9
10.0
2.7

2,463.9
2.316.7
147.2
6.0

2,472.8
2,323.5
149.3
6.0

2,455.3
2,292.5
162.8
6.6

2,469.8
2,323.1
146.7
5.9

2,454.3
2,302.8
151.5
6.2

2,431.1
2,266.4
164.7
6.8

2,460.8
2,311.2
149.6
6.1

2,452.7
2,306.1
146.6
6.0

2,477.4
2,338.5
138.9
5.6

2,483.8
2,347.1
136.7
5.5

8,756.2
8,099.0
657.2
7.5

8,747.0
8,081.5
665.5
7.6

8.798.4
8,124.3
674.1
7.7

8,762.5
8,080.5
682.0
7.8

8,716.2
8,060.3
655.8
7.5

8,712.9
8,124.1
588.9
6.8

8,716.3
8,133.3
583.0
6.7

8,756.4
8,186.7
569.7
6.5

8,768.2
8,151.0
617.2
7.0

8,848.3
8,215.0
633.4
7.2

8,927.9
8,284.1
643.9
7.2

809.1
767.7
41.4
5.1

812.1
42.7
5.3

813.9
770.9
43.0
5.3

814.9
771.4
43.5
5.3

822.5
783.1
39.4
4.8

827.5
795.4
32.1
3.9

831.1
801.3
29.8
3.6

829.1
798.0
31.1
3.7

840.3
805.9
34.4
4.1

849.5
810.5
38.9
4.6

852.7
819.7
33.0
3.9

849.7
821.4
28.3
3.3

324.1
302.8
21.3
6.6

322.5
301.3
21.2
6.6

321.8
301.7
20.2
6.3

329.1
308.5
20.7
6.3

325.0
305.4
19.5
6.0

322.3
302.2
20.2
6.3

327.2
306.0
21.2
6.5

322.9
300.5
22.3
6.9

328.5
305.8
22.7
6.9

332.7
311.6
21.0
6.3

334.1
315.3
18.8
5.6

323.0
305.7
17.4
5.4

325.4
309.3
16.1
5.0

3,342.8
3,128.1
214.7
6.4

3,333.4
3,121.2
212.2
6.4

3,330.7
3,126.1
204.6
6.1

3,331.9
3,128.7
203.2
6.1

3,330.8
3,133.0
197.8
5.9

3,348.4
3,153.4
195.0
5.8

3,369.3
3,206.1
163.2
4.8

3,399.2
3,234.4
164.7
4.8

3,423.6
3,251.6
172.0
5.0

3,414.2
3,239.1
175.1
5.1

3,358.6
3,184.8
173.8
5.2

3,347.8
3,156.8
191.0
5.7

3,330.7
3,147.3
183.4
5.5

2,607.8
2,412.1
195.6
7.5

2,608.6
2,411.1
197.5
7.6

2,603.1
2,397.9
205.2
7.9

2,624.8
2,413.5
211.3
8.1

2,577.7
2,376.3
201.4
7.8

2,620.4
2,411.0
209.4
8.0

2,647.1
2,440.8
206.3
7.8

2,627.6
2,429.8
197.8
7.5

2,629.6
2,430.8
198.8
7.6

2,612.6
2,414.0
198.6
7.6

2,618.3
2,415.8
202.6
7.7

2,608.3
2,384.9
223.4
8.6

2,610.9
2,394.5
216.4
8.3

758.9
675.8
83.1
11.0

760.3
675.9
84.4
11.1

759.5
676.4
83.1
10.9

760.0
680.7
79.3
10.4

762.3
682.1
80.2
10.5

771.8
689.5
82.3
10.7

777.3
694.3
83.1
10.7

773.2
686.5
86.7
11.2

778.9
685.8
93.1
12.0

771.8
680.4
91.5
11.8

776.0
676.8
99.1
12.8

765.9
689.3
76.6
10.0

770.0

2.675.8
2,532.6
143.1
5.3

2,673.4
2,523.8
149.6
5.6

2,654.8
2,521.0
133.8
5.0

2,678.2
2.562.9
115.3
4.3

2,690.6
2,566.4
124.2
4.6

2,718.6
2,595.5
123.1
4.5

2,717.2
2,589.1
128.1
4.7

2,723.3
2,607.9
115.4
4.2

2,716.9
2,588.2
128.7
4.7

2,699.5
2,554.9
144.6
5.4

2,689.3
2,553.3
136.0
5.1

2,695.5
2,566.6
128.9
4.8

2,685.5
2,559.3
126.2
4.7

239.5
226.0
13.5
5.6

240.5
227.4
13.1
5.4

239.9
227.6
12.3

239.2
227.6
11.6
4.9

238.1
226.6
11.5
4.8

237.8
226.0
11.7
4.9

236.9
224.9
12.0
5.1

238.4
226.1
12.3
5.2

236.0
223.1
12.9
5.5

236.1
223.2
12.8
5.4

238.2
223.6
14.6
6.1

240.2
224.9
15.3
6.4

238.3
223.5
14.8
6.2

Aug.P

South Carolina
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
South Dakota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Tennessee
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texas1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Utah
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Vermont
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Washington
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
West Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

74.1
9.6

Wisconsin
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Wyoming
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5.1

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for Region, State, and Area labor force data.
P = preliminary.




NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. State estimates, except those referenced in
footnote 1, have been revised to incorporate new benchmark information and updated
seasonal adjustment factors.

169

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993?

Aug.
1992

1,965.9
453.4
138.1
229.9
142.7
72.7

1,972.4
454.1
140.1
231.0
145.0
74.7

1,961.6
453.1
138.3
231.1
144.1
75.2

147.4
29.0
6.7
18.9
9.7
4.4

160.3
27.5
9.8
19.6
10.4
4.6

271.1
119.1

281.1
123.6

277.1
122.4

20.4
7.9

Arizona
Phoenix

1,702.1
1,039.2
313.1

1,727.8
1,061.8
320.7

1,734.3
1,061.8
323.4

Arkansas
Favetteville-Sorinadale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,152.2
66.6
93.8
273.8
36.8

1,185.2
69.9
95.0
280.8
36.8

15,533.3
1,385.5
277.0
364.9
4,644.0
192.0
1,134.5
388.8
1,152.2
800.6
175.0
1,221.9
899.9
836.6
186.8
223.3
223.8
219.3

Boulder-Lonamont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridoeoort-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

148.4
27.8
7.4
20.1
9.1
4.4

7.5
6.4
4.9
8.2
6.8
6.0

8.1
6.0
7.0
8.5
7.2
6.2

76
61
5.3
87
6.3
5.9

18.0
6.8

17.0
6.5

7.5
6.6

6.4
5.5

6.1
5.3

128.9
65.2
16.3

100.9
48.8
12.7

99.9
47.9
12.7

7.6
6.3
5.2

5.8
4.6
4.0

5.8
4.5
39

1,184.7
70.1
94.3
281.4
36.7

75.3
2.3
6.2
15.5
3.9

67.6
1.9
5.5
13.1
3.2

66.1
1.8
5.3
13.1
3.2

6.5
3.5
6.6
5.6
10.5

5.7
2.7
5.7
4.7
8.7

5.6
2.6
5.6
4.6
8.8

15,591.1
1,403.2
291.4
385.6
4,548.0
195.4
1,139.4
397.1
1,173.3
810.5
180.2
1,225.5
902.4
842.8
186.0
221.3
226.2
222.7

15.393.8
1,385.5
289.0
385.6
4,493.0
191.4
1,127.2
385.3
1,147.6
798.7
177.2
1,211.9
895.0
833.3
181.6
221.7
224.3
219.5

1,474.9
93.0
38.7
44.7
496.0
25.5
79.9
36.4
142.6
62.5
16.5
97.0
60.6
58.7
15.3
16.2
27.2
18.1

1,543.9
104.0
42.2
53.1
431.0
31.6
88.1
41.3
159.8
70.5
19.3
113.3
65.9
66.7
16.0
16.5
32.8
21.4

1,356.3
90.1
37.0
45.3
395.0
24.8
77.9
35.4
139.7
60.3
16.4
99.4
57.4
58.0
14.5
14.6
27.2
18.8

9.5
6.7
14.0
12.2
10.7
13.3
7.0
9.4
12.4
7.8
9.5
7.9
6.7
7.0
8.2
7.3
12.2
8.3

9.9
7.4
14.5
13.8
9.5
16.1
7.7
10.4
13.6
8.7
10.7
9.2
7.3
7.9
8.6
7.5
14.5
9.6

8.8
6.5
12.8
11.7
8.8
13.0
6.9
9.2
12.2
7.5
9.2
8.2
6.4
7.0
8.0
66
12.1
8.6

1,785.5
143.2
899.0

1,828.1
149.7
926.7

1,817.8
148.0
919.3

104.5
6.4
51.7

95.2
6.0
48.2

88.3
5.3
45.2

5.9
4.5
5.8

5.2
4.0
5.2

4.9
3.6
4.9

1,815.6
233.9
427.8
77.1
288.4
118.9
109.4

1,841.7
236.3
431.8
77.3
290.0
120.9
110.9

1,835.2
236.0
425.4
77.3
288.5
120.0
111.1

138.4
20.7
31.7
7.5
21.4
6.4
11.6

123.3
17.8
29.8
6.7
19.9
5.2
9.8

119.9
17.3
29.6
6.6
19.5
5.1
9.3

7.6
8.9
7.4
9.7
7.4
5.3
10.6

6.7
7.5
6.9
8.6
6.8
4.3
8.8

6.5
7.3
7.0
8.5
6.7
4.2
8.4

375.7
313.8

384.0
318.8

382.9
317.4

19.1
18.2

19.3
17.8

18.7
17.2

5.1
5.8

5.0
5.6

4.9
5.4

District of Columbia
Washington

273.5
2,292.2

279.2
2,300.9

271.1
2,271.0

23.2
111.9

22.6
109.5

22.5
107.6

8.5
4.9

8.1
4.8

8.3
4.7

Florida1
Davtona Beach

6,702.8
169.2
702.3
155.9
114.2
483.9
185.9
208.8
1,005.3
685.6
159.2
130.8
144.1
1,061.2
448.9

6,809.8
173.3
722.2
161.4
118.9
489.3
186.6
207.3
1,008.6
704.9
162.2
133.8
148.1
1,072.5
447.5

6,699.4
170.0
713.6
158.7
114.6
480.4
183.3
204.7
994.1
689.6
159.8
130.8
145.7
1,059.4
441.1

628.6
14.9
64.9
14.2
6.0
36.8
26.8
17.9
110.4
53.6
10.2
9.0
7.2
85.0
55.5

516.3
12.4
51.5
10.6
5.4
30.7
22.0
17.1
82.8
42.8
9.0
7.4
6.1
74.6
44.5

541.1
12.9
54.4
11.1
5.2
31.0
23.5
18.0
84.9
44.1
9.7
7.9
6.9
77.7
47.4

9.4
8.8
9.2
9.1
5.3
7.6
14.4
8.6
11.0
7.8
6.4
6.9
5.0
8.0
12.4

7.6
7.1
7.1
6.6
4.5
6.3
11.8
8.3
8.2
6.1
5.6
5.5
4.1
7.0
9.9

8.1
7.6
7.6
7.0
4.5
6.5
12.8
8.8
8.5
6.4
6.1
6.0
4.8
7.3
10.7

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montaomerv
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage

California1
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Anaeles-Lona Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterev
San Diego
San Francisco
^anta Rarhara-Santa Maria-LomDOC
Stockton
Valleio-Fairfield-NaDa

Delaware
Wilmington

Fort Mvers-Caoe Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melhourne-TitusviHe-Palm Bav
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tamna-St Petersburo-Clearwater
.
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delrav Beach
See footnotes at end of table.

170



July
1993

Aug.
1993"

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

D-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

3,270.2
54.9
75.1
1,551.5
202.4
100.9
132.4
120.2

3,305.7
54.6
76.1
1,599.3
201.8
102.3
131.3
123.4

3,311.3
54.6
76.3
1,608.5
200.9
101.8
131.7
123.2

258.6
5.4
4.7
115.2
13.9
8.1
10.0
9.0

177.2
3.7
2.8
78.7
12.3
6.6
6.7
6.5

Hawaii
Honolulu

574.0
407.3

582.5
411.8

578.4
409.8

26.7
14.7

Idaho
Boise City

528.5
126.3

538.5
130.7

538.7
130.8

6,118.6
201.6
79.2
93.0
3,253.5
190.2
63.7
234.9
53.2
338.8
173.3
160.3
126.6

6,244.9
204.6
80.1
94.2
3,325.2
192.2
64.8
237.5
52.1
343.7
175.3
164.4
122.9

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,880.5
58.5
59.9
92.1
147.5
201.4
265.3
699.5
47.7
66.7
60.4
128.1
63.1

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

170.4
3.7
3.0
76.1
11.9
7.0
6.8
6.4

7.9
9.9
6.3
7.4
6.9
8.0
7.5
7.5

5.4
6.7
3.7
4.9
6.1
6.5
5.1
5.3

5.1
6.8
4.0
4.7
5.9
6.9
5.1
5.2

28.6
14.9

24.7
13.1

4.6
3.6

4.9
3.6

4.3
3.2

30.1
4.5

28.5
4.3

27.9
4.0

5.7
3.6

5.3
3.3

5.2
3.1

6,175.2
202.4
79.2
90.7
3,294.5
189.7
63.9
234.8
51.6
338.6
172.9
162.5
127.0

399.6
13.3
3.1
4.0
210.4
12.8
5.3
15.4
3.7
13.1
11.0
12.0
5.6

433.0
13.7
3.4
5.5
226.1
10.7
5.4
16.6
3.9
14.6
11.3
15.5
6.0

452.0
14.2
3.3
5.5
237.8
9.9
6.6
17.4
4.0
15.1
11.8
15.7
6.4

6.5
6.6
3.9
4.3
6.5
6.7
8.3
6.6
7.0
3.9
6.3
7.5
4.4

6.9
6.7
4.2
5.8
6.8
5.6
8.4
7.0
7.5
4.2
6.5
9.4
4.9

7.3
7.0
4.1
6.1
7.2
5.2
10.3
7.4
7.8
4.5
6.8
9.6
5.0

3,032.1
60.2
65.2
98.4
154.0
211.9
268.6
739.9
51.9
71.8
63.8
133.3
64.4

3,020.6
59.3
63.1
98.8
153.7
212.2
268.4
737.7
49.9
72.7
63.2
133.4
64.1

170.1
4.9
2.5
5.0
9.0
11.3
20.0
33.0
3.0
2.3
3.7
7.6
3.9

123.2
3.7
1.8
3.2
6.2
8.0
13.7
22.6
3.9
1.8
2.9
4.9
3.0

113.0
2.9
1.7
3.1
5.8
7.5
14.1
22.0
1.9
1.8
2.5
4.6
2.9

5.9
8.3
4.2
5.5
6.1
5.6
7.5
4.7
6.4
3.5
6.1
6.0
6.1

4.1
6.1
2.8
3.2
4.0
3.8
5.1
3.0
7.5
2.5
4.5
3.7
4.6

3.7
4.9
2.6
3.1
3.8
3.5
5.2
3.0
3.8
2.5
3.9
3.5
4.6

1,559.2
98.9
250.2
46.3
62.9
63.5
74.9

1,617.1
99.4
257.8
47.3
64.5
65.7
77.4

1,597.4
100.3
254.3
47.1
65.3
65.1
76.7

62.6
4.1
9.2
1.7
1.1
2.2
3.6

60.6
3.1
12.8
1.7
1.2
1.7
3.3

48.3
3.1
7.2
1.4
1.0
1.6
3.1

4.0
4.1
3.7
3.7
1.8
3.5
4.8

3.7
3.1
5.0
3.5
1.8
2.6
4.2

3.0
3.1
2.8
3.0
1.5
2.5
4.0

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,341.9
46.6
95.8
266.9

1,360.5
46.2
98.9
269.3

1,333.6
46.9
96.5
263.9

58.0
1.5
4.2
13.0

63.2
1.7
4.8
14.9

65.8
1.8
4.4
16.0

4.3
3.3
4.3
4.9

4.6
3.6
4.9
5.5

4.9
3.8
4.5
6.1

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,785.5
198.9
524.9
45.9

1,809.2
205.3
542.1
45.9

1,796.4
204.4
535.7
45.7

127.1
9.5
30.7
3.7

114.2
8.6
26.3
3.2

113.0
8.9
24.5
3.1

7.1
4.8
5.8
8.0

6.3
4.2
4.8
6.9

6.3
4.4
4.6
6.7

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,930.7
58.3
283.8
69.2
109.0
84.3
70.0
578.0
158.1

1,902.1
58.0
282.2
68.6
105.1
82.6
68.6
564.8
157.6

1,879.5
57.3
277.8
67.6
104.4
80.9
67.6
558.2
156.2

154.9
4.3
18.9
6.5
7.7
7.5
4.8
41.5
10.7

141.1
4.1
19.5
4.8
5.9
6.1
4.5
40.4
10.2

141.1
3.9
19.7
4.9
5.8
5.9
4.3
40.8
10.2

8.0
7.4
6.7
9.4
7.1
8.9
6.9
7.2
6.8

7.4
7.1
6.9
7.0
5.6
7.3
6.5
7.2
6.5

7.5
6.8
7.1
7.3
5.5
7.3
6.4
7.3
6.5

678.8
43.3
136.9

668.1
43.9
138.4

667.2
43.3
137.2

37.6
3.5
5.6

44.0
4.1
6.2

40.7
3.6
6.2

5.5
8.1
4.1

6.6
9.3
4.5

6.1
8.2
4.5

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Aug.
1993P

See footnotes at end of table.




171

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Maryland
Baltimore

2,684.9
1,268.1

2,639.6
1,236.7

2,626.5
1,234.1

173.9
95.7

175.1
96.2

Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,155.9
1,541.8
96.3
75.8
46.4
194.2
149.3
84.6
40.9
251.8
221.2

3,162.6
1,549.3
94.7
75.9
46.1
192.5
145.0
86.3
42.2
250.4
221.4

3,184.2
1,559.2
95.9
76.1
46.4
194.3
146.6
86.1
42.6
252.1
222.2

252.6
112.4
9.7
7.9
4.4
18.8
15.0
8.9
3.5
21.4
18.2

Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,704.7
161.2
66.0
80.7
2,174.8
188.3
395.8
67.3
122.4
238.1
69.7
194.8

4,789.5
165.2
67.0
81.6
2,225.3
188.0
404.2
67.9
123.4
241.4
68.7
196.7

4,769.1
161.7
67.1
81.7
2,213.3
184.5
405.7
67.5
123.6
239.5
68.7
196.6

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,452.2
117.4
1,442.1
68.0
104.7

2,514.2
116.8
1,475.7
68.9
109.5

Mississippi
Jackson

1,199.3
204.6

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis LMA
Springfield

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

177.1
97.9

6.5
7.5

6.6
7.8

6.7
7.9

208.2
89.5
7.7
8.4
3.8
16.1
11.2
8.8
2.9
19.3
14.4

208.7
91.3
7.7
7.3
3.7
16.8
11.5
7.9
2.9
19.6
14.4

8.0
7.3
10.0
10.5
9.6
9.7
10.0
10.6
8.5
8.5
8.2

6.6
5.8
8.1
11.0
8.2
8.3
7.8
10.2
6.8
7.7
6.5

6.6
5.9
8.0
9.5
7.9
8.6
7.8
9.1
6.8
7.8
6.5

400.5
8.5
4.8
7.1
188.4
25.0
28.4
6.8
6.8
13.7
8.4
15.7

373.2
7.4
4.9
6.4
184.1
20.8
23.9
5.8
5.8
12.9
7.0
14.6

301.2
6.0
3.9
5.3
141.1
17.1
18.7
4.7
4.7
15.6
6.1
11.8

8.5
5.2
7.3
8.8
8.7
13.3
7.2
10.1
5.6
5.8
12.1
8.0

7.8
4.5
7.3
7.9
8.3
11.1
5.9
8.6
4.7
5.3
10.2
7.4

6.3
3.7
5.9
6.5
6.4
9.2
4.6
7.0
3.8
6.5
8.8
6.0

2,495.9
116.0
1,465.3
68.3
108.2

112.9
8.5
62.1
1.9
4.6

108.6
6.9
58.9
1.9
4.8

103.6
6.9
56.1
1.7
4.8

4.6
7.3
4.3
2.8
4.4

4.3
5.9
4.0
2.8
4.4

4.2
5.9
3.8
2.4
4.4

1,218.3
208.3

1,204.7
206.9

109.2
13.1

77.5
10.6

71.8
9.5

9.1
6.4

6.4
5.1

6.0
4.6

2,678.7
875.8
1,264.4
136.3

2,707.5
891.0
1,271.9
137.1

2,679.7
877.9
1,256.8
135.9

155.8
44.3
76.1
6.6

167.5
46.1
80.7
6.6

159.3
47.4
80.1
6.2

5.8
5.1
6.0
4.9

6.2
5.2
6.3
4.8

5.9
5.4
6.4
4.6

Montana

415.6

424.1

419.8

26.4

22.9

24.0

6.3

5.4

5.7

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

866.1
133.6
347.7

887.0
136.9
357.1

877.8
137.2
352.1

25.4
3.2
11.9

24.0
3.1
11.2

21.4
2.6
9.8

2.9
2.4
3.4

2.7
2.2
3.1

2.4
1.9
2.8

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

676.1
422.2
142.3

723.0
456.1
150.7

713.6
450.5
148.1

45.8
29.8
8.9

49.0
32.4
8.7

44.3
29.4
7.9

6.8
7.1
6.3

6.8
7.1
5.8

6.2
6.5
5.3

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester....

641.4
85.8
98.5
140.5

639.9
85.2
100.3
141.9

648.6
86.9
101.0
142.2

46.4
6.5
8.5
7.0

38.7
4.9
7.1
6.5

38.5
4.7
7.7
6.1

7.2
7.6
8.6
5.0

6.0
5.8
7.1
4.6

5.9
5.5
7.6
4.3

New Jersey1
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

3,973.4
194.7
664.8
263.8
583.9
495.8
917.8
171.5
61.0

3,991.7
200.0
665.4
259.6
588.6
502.1
917.7
169.8
60.2

3,979.3
199.1
667.6
259.7
586.7
498.9
913.3
169.6
59.7

359.7
17.8
58.5
33.6
45.7
41.3
89.7
12.2
7.8

290.0
14.9
48.8
26.8
36.8
32.2
71.7
9.6
6.7

277.7
14.1
46.8
25.3
35.8
30.5
68.3
9.9
6.3

9.1
9.2
8.8
12.7
7.8
8.3
9.8
7.1
12.9

7.3
7.4
7.3
10.3
6.3
6.4
7.8
5.7
11.2

7.0
7.1
7.0
9.8
6.1
6.1
7.5
5.8
10.5

728.1
272.2
61.7
76.9

747.7
279.6
61.2
78.8

741.1
277.7
61.2
78.5

49.0
13.8
4.4
2.6

55.4
14.3
6.5
3.1

53.6
14.9
5.5
2.8

6.7
5.1
7.2
3.4

7.4
5.1
10.6
4.0

7.2
5.4
9.0
3.6

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
See footnotes at end of table.

172



STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993"

New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

8,611.2
441.1
119.7
462.4
42.6
58.4
1,349.1
4,006.8
3,351.0
140.7
117.8
513.1
322.1
138.5

8,641.0
442.5
120.6
469.1
42.7
58.2
1,352.8
4,010.3
3,357.0
142.4
115.5
524.2
323.7
139.9

8,548.7
444.0
120.8
463.4
42.9
58.1
1,347.7
3,946.0
3,297.0
141.7
114.9
514.8
321.4
141.3

702.4
23.0
7.1
30.9
2.4
4.1
93.5
408.9
371.0
9.3
7.4
25.1
19.1
8.8

643.7
20.5
7.5
32.7
2.2
3.5
82.8
355.6
320.0
9.3
10.8
29.4
18.8
8.1

North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point ..
Raleigh-Durham

3,551.7
99.1
666.8
538.7
456.3

3,560.6
101.0
672.9
543.1
464.8

3,499.4
98.5
663.3
533.2
456.7

205.0
4.6
36.5
28.4
18.0

319.4
47.7
88.8
34.4

322.3
48.2
91.6
35.3

320.3
48.3
91.0
35.3

Ohio1
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

5,634.9
345.8
203.3
816.5
977.8
781.5
486.1
318.1
231.9

5,608.1
348.4
202.4
823.3
970.1
779.3
480.8
312.6
228.0

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,537.7
26.9
50.4
495.8
351.9

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993p

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993*

645.0
22.0
8.9
31.1
2.3
3.7
90.1
349.7
312.0
9.9
11.3
25.3
19.3
8.5

8.2
5.2
6.0
6.7
5.7
7.0
6.9
10.2
11.1
6.6
6.2
4.9
5.9
6.4

7.4
4.6
6.2
7.0
5.2
5.9
6.1
8.9
9.5
6.5
9.4
5.6
5.6
5.8

7.5
5.0
7.4
6.7
5.4
6.3
6.7
8.9
9.5
7.0
9.8
4.9
6.0
6.0

173.5
3.9
31.6
22.5
16.8

148.8
3.5
28.2
19.6
14.5

5.8
4.6
5.5
5.3
3.9

4.9
3.8
4.7
4.1
3.6

4.3
3.5
4.2
3.7
3.2

14.3
1.8
2.8
1.6

13.0
1.7
2.7
1.4

12.3
1.6
2.5
1.5

4.5
3.8
3.1
4.5

4.0
3.4
3.0
3.9

3.8
3.2
2.7
4.1

5,589.7
348.3
202.2
826.8
965.2
780.7
480.5
314.1
226.1

388.8
21.9
14.4
45.8
63.3
40.0
30.2
24.0
20.2

368.3
20.5
13.5
44.1
60.1
40.9
26.0
22.2
18.6

282.9
15.5
10.6
38.7
46.8
32.2
19.7
16.0
14.5

6.9
6.3
7.1
5.6
6.5
5.1
6.2
7.5
8.7

6.6
5.9
6.7
5.4
6.2
5.3
5.4
7.1
8.1

5.1
4.4
5.2
4.7
4.8
4.1
4.1
5.1
6.4

1,539.7
29.0
50.6
501.9
352.1

1,549.9
28.9
49.9
502.4
351.5

87.2
1.1
2.8
24.1
21.1

94.6
1.2
3.0
27.2
23.7

90.1
1.0
2.9
25.8
22.5

5.7
4.1
5.5
4.9
6.0

6.1
4.3
5.9
5.4
6.7

5.8
3.6
5.9
5.1
6.4

1,576.8
149.9
79.2
723.6
151.6

1,598.1
152.4
79.4
736.7
154.4

1,598.3
153.1
79.8
740.2
156.8

112.3
10.5
6.4
46.0
9.5

123.9
12.5
7.8
47.3
11.9

109.4
11.1
6.8
42.1
10.6

7.1
7.0
8.1
6.4
6.3

7.8
8.2
9.8
6.4
7.7

6.8
7.2
8.5
5.7
6.7

6,081.6
347.5
65.6
65.0
143.6
348.2
104.1
238.1
2,441.7
1,044.3
182.6
385.3
56.1
69.1
62.9
234.8

6,109.6
349.8
66.1
65.0
147.3
351.3
106.5
242.8
2,449.6
1,049.1
183.3
387.4
53.3
70.6
62.2
240.4

6,128.6
351.9
66.1
64.8
147.9
354.5
107.0
242.1
2.451.3
1,056.1
182.6
386.7
52.7
70.4
62.3
242.3

454.5
28.1
5.6
6.8
10.6
18.4
10.8
12.2
189.2
70.8
12.6
36.3
4.6
4.0
4.5
15.4

447.0
25.4
4.7
7.1
10.8
17.2
11.4
11.9
178.2
72.4
11.6
34.4
5.2
4.3
5.1
14.0

431.7
24.6
4.5
6.8
10.6
16.4
11.2
10.7
177.4
69.4
10.7
32.5
4.9
4.2
4.7
13.4

7.5
8.1
8.5
10.4
7.4
5.3
10.4
5.1
7.8
6.8
6.9
9.4
8.1
5.8
7.2
6.5

7.3
7.3
7.2
10.9
7.3
4.9
10.7
4.9
7.3
6.9
6.3
8.9
9.8
6.0
8.1
5.8

7.0
7.0
6.9
10.5
7.2
4.6
10.5
4.4
7.2
6.6
5.9
8.4
9.2
6.0
7.5
5.5

540.5
171.6
355.1

527.6
167.8
347.5

528.5
170.2
347.8

48.2
15.6
32.5

36.7
11.9
24.4

35.8
11.7
23.9

8.9
9.1
9.2

7.0
7.1
7.0

6.8
6.9
6.9

1,798.5
249.5
252.0
355.9

1,840.0
255.2
259.6
364.7

1,833.3
254.8
259.7
362.8

103.1
13.3
11.2
16.3

135.2
17.0
14.1
20.9

126.1
16.1
13.1
18.6

5.7
5.3
4.4
4.6

7.3
6.7
5.4
5.7

6.9
6.3
5.0
5.1

364.5
41.9
77.7

376.6
43.5
80.6

375.6
43.7
80.5

9.4
1.0
1.4

9.2
1.0
1.3

9.1
1.2
1.2

2.6
2.5
1.8

2.4
2.3
1.6

2.4
2.8
1.5

See footnotes at end of table.




173

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993"

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,456.8
215.3
228.1
306.7
476.3
543.3

2,518.3
218.3
226.6
315.0
487.3
559.3

2,491.9
217.1
224.7
311.9
482.2
557.7

153.4
13.9
12.5
16.6
27.7
26.7

144.5
10.5
12.8
14.9
24.4
22.9

Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

8,764.7
51.1
98.3
465.0
176.1
91.4
112.8
63.9
176.5
1,473.5
261.3
752.5
119.9
1,784.6
102.8
58.0
82.1
116.2
157.5
49.8
53.7
45.4
628.7
46.3
57.4
76.9
40.1
93.5
54.6

8,982.9
52.7
100.8
484.2
183.9
92.6
115.5
66.8
172.9
1,507.4
270.5
766.0
125.7
1,815.7
108.8
61.7
82.6
117.9
165.2
49.4
53.8
46.8
653.2
47.7
59.3
78.6
41.4
95.5
55.4

8.943.7
52.3
100.2
484.1
182.0
92.1
114.9
66.3
174.1
1.501.2
267.6
767.1
124.9
1.802.4
108.2
60.8
82.1
117.6
164.8
49.3
53.7
46.6
651.8
47.0
59.0
77.6
40.9
94.9
54.8

586.8
3.0
4.6
20.5
14.2
6.5
12.0
2.3
15.3
91.2
24.6
45.9
9.6
118.5
7.0
4.7
7.0
7.0
24.3
3.5
5.2
2.4
37.1
2.9
4.2
5.0
2.2
6.0
3.6

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen

817.0
119.6
526.6

861.5
125.3
557.6

859.4
126.4
555.3

Vermont
Burlington

327.0
81.1

328.3
81.6

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

3,371.0
71.6
54.9
78.2
670.4
478.2
130.8

Washington
Seattle
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper




Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

Aug.
1992

July
1993

Aug.
1993P

131.5
10.2
11.8
14.7
23.5
21.7

6.2
6.5
5.5
5.4
5.8
4.9

5.7
4.8
5.7
4.7
5.0
4.1

5.3
4.7
5.2
4.7
4.9
3.9

643.6
3.6
5.3
22.5
19.7
8.3
13.1
2.5
14.8
93.3
27.3
51.3
10.3
136.0
7.9
6.0
7.4
7.0
26.9
3.5
5.1
2.8
39.3
3.8
4.5
5.7
2.3
6.0
3.7

594.8
3.3
4.6
21.7
18.0
7.6
11.6
2.3
13.9
86.5
24.5
46.0
9.8
126.6
7.2
5.3
6.8
6.3
24.9
3.2
4.7
2.8
38.8
3.0
4.4
5.2
2.0
5.4
3.2

6.7
6.0
4.7
4.4
8.1
7.2
10.6
3.6
8.6
6.2
9.4
6.1
8.0
6.6
6.8
8.1
8.5
6.0
15.4
7.1
9.7
5.2
5.9
6.3
7.3
6.5
5.5
6.4
6.6

7.2
6.9
5.2
4.7
10.7
9.0
11.4
3.8
8.6
6.2
10.1
6.7
8.2
7.5
7.2
9.8
9.0
6.0
16.3
7.1
9.5
5.9
6.0
7.9
7.6
7.3
5.7
6.3
6.6

6.7
6.4
4.6
4.5
9.9
8.2
10.1
3.4
8.0
5.8
9.1
6.0
7.8
7.0
6.6
8.6
8.3
5.4
15.1
6.6
8.7
6.0
6.0
6.3
7.4
6.7
5.0
5.7
5.9

42.3
5.4
26.8

32.7
4.6
20.1

29.8
4.1
18.5

5.2
4.5
5.1

3.8
3.7
3.6

3.5
3.2
3.3

329.5
81.3

18.7
3.4

17.0
3.3

14.0
2.8

5.7
4.2

5.2
4.1

4.2
3.4

3,399.6
73.8
53.9
78.4
677.0
483.4
132.6

3.357.0
71.8
53.4
78.5
667.6
477.5
130.9

201.8
3.2
4.6
4.6
44.3
29.0
6.6

186.0
2.9
4.5
3.7
42.3
24.3
6.6

171.9
2.5
3.4
3.5
39.3
23.0
6.0

6.0
4.4
8.4
5.8
6.6
6.1
5.1

5.5
3.9
8.4
4.7
6.3
5.0
5.0

5.1
3.5
6.3
4.4
5.9
4.8
4.6

2,620.1
1,148.8

2.651.6
1.162.4

2,618.5
1,148.0

181.8
69.0

216.8
82.2

201.8
77.9

6.9
6.0

8.2
7.1

7.7
6.8

764.8
119.4
131.9
75.9
71.7

781.4
121.2
130.7
74.7
72.0

775.6
121.7
131.3
74.8
71.8

83.0
10.5
13.2
6.8
5.4

76.8
9.2
11.4
5.8
5.6

74.2
9.3
12.0
5.2
5.1

10.8
8.8
10.0
8.9
7.5

9.8
7.6
8.7
7.8
7.8

9.6
7.7
9.1
7.0
7.1

2,710.6
186.2
73.2
120.8
75.1
58.4
56.8
245.5
782.7
91.8
61.3
67.9

2,748.3
190.4
75.4
123.2
76.5
59.7
57.6
251.7
796.9
92.0
61.2
68.0

2.721.1
189.6
73.8
122.2
75.1
58.8
56.2
248.9
790.9
91.2
60.1
67.4

128.5
7.0
3.8
5.1
4.6
3.6
2.6
6.4
36.2
7.0
2.9
3.7

120.1
7.2
3.5
4.7
5.1
4.0
2.5
5.0
34.5
5.8
2.3
2.9

113.2
7.5
3.3
4.4
4.8
3.1
2.2
4.8
32.6
5.2
2.0
2.7

4.7
3.8
5.2
4.2
6.1
6.2
4.5
2.6
4.6
7.6
4.7
5.5

4.4
3.8
4.7
3.8
6.7
6.7
4.4
2.0
4.3
6.3
3.7
4.2

4.2
4.0
4.5
3.6
6.4
5.2
3.9
1.9
4.1
5.7
3.3
4.1

242.7
29.1

246.8
30.3

241.4
29.5

11.2
2.0

13.5
2.4

12.5
2.1

4.6
6.8

5.5
7.9

5.2
7.2

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for Region. State, and Area Labor Force Data.
P = preliminary.

174

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. All estimates, except those referenced
in footnote 1, have been revised to incorporate new benchmark information. Area
definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.

Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports
from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from
the Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of
the population 16 years of age and over. The Bureau of the
Census conducts the survey each month for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the
labor force, the employed, and the unemployed, including
such characteristics as age, sex, race, family relationship,
marital status, occupation, and industry attachment. The
survey also provides data on the characteristics and past
work experience of those not in the labor force. Trained
interviewers collect the information from a sample of
about 60,000 households, representing 729 areas in 1,973
counties and independent cities, with coverage in 50 States
and the District of Columbia. The data collected are based
on the activity or status reported for the calendar week
including the 12th of the month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The Current
Employment Statistics (CES) survey is designed to provide industry information on nonfarm wage and salary
employment, average weekly hours, average hourly
earnings, and average weekly earnings for the Nation,
States, and metropolitan areas. The employment, hours,
and earnings series are currently based on payroll reports
from a sample of over 370,000 establishments employing
over 45 million nonfarm wage and salary workers. The
data relate to all workers, full or part time, who receive pay
during the payroll period which includes the 12th day of
the month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data supplement one
another, each providing significant types of information
that the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily obtained only from the
household survey, whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from establishment
reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other because of differences in definitions and coverage, source of
information, methods of collection, and estimating
procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are
176




additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors
which have a differential effect on the levels and trends of
the two series follow.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
covers wage and salary workers (including domestics and
other private household workers), self-employed persons,
and unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more during
the survey week in family-operated enterprises. Employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is
included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary
employees on the payrolls of nonfarm establishments.
Multiplejobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without
duplication, because each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons
holding more than-one job are counted only once and are
classified according to the job at which they worked the
greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the
figures based on establishment reports, persons who
worked in more than one establishment during the reporting period are counted each time their names appear on
payrolls.
Unpaid absencesfrom jobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were
not at work during the survey week—that is, were not
working but had jobs from which they were temporarily
absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labormanagement disputes, or because they were taking time
off for various other reasons, even if they were not paid by
their employers for the time off. In the figures based on
payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the company
are included, but not those on leave without pay for the
entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences
between household and establishment survey employment
data see Gloria P. Green's article, "Comparing Employment Estimates From Household and Payroll Surveys,"
Monthly Labor Review, December 1969.
Hours of work
The household survey measures hours actually worked,
whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for by
employers. In the household survey data, all persons with
a job but not at work are excluded from the hours

distributions and the computations of average hours. In
the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory
employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick
leave are included and assigned the number of hours for
which they were paid during the reporting period.

For an examination of the similarities and differences
between State insured unemployment and total unemployment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the
Monthly Labor Review.

Earnings
The household survey measures median earnings of
wage and salary workers in all occupations and industries
in both the private and public sectors. Data refer to the
usual earnings received from the worker's sole or primary
job. Data from the establishment survey generally refer to
average earnings of production and related workers in
mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private
service-producing industries. For a comprehensive discussion of the household survey earnings series, see Technical
Description of the Quarterly Data on Weekly Earnings
from the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113.

Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of
Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the
inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and
Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual
jobholders, who are counted more than once if they work
on more than one farm during the reporting period. There
are also wide differences in sampling techniques and
collecting and estimating methods, which cannot be
readily measured in terms of their impact on differences in
the levels and trends of the two series.

COMPARABILITY OF HOUSEHOLD DATA WITH
OTHER SERIES

Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the
Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ
from employment counts derived by the Bureau of the
Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons for
noncomparability are different treatment of business units
considered parts of an establishment, such as central
administrative offices and auxiliary units, the industrial
classification of establishments, and different reporting
patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., the
Census of Business excludes professional services, public
utilities, and financial establishments, whereas these are
included in the BLS statistics.

Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total
from the household survey includes all persons who did
not have a job at all during the survey week and were looking for work or were waiting to be called back to a job from
which they had been laid off, whether or not they were
eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the Employment
and Training Administration of the Department of Labor,
exclude persons who have exhausted their benefit rights,
new workers who have not earnedrightsto unemployment
insurance, and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems (some workers in agriculture,
domestic services, and religious organizations, and selfemployed and unpaid family workers). Beginning in
January 1978, coverage was extended to include domestic
workers whose employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in
any calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose
employers engaged 10 or more workers in 20 weeks or paid
a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any calendar
quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of unemployment used in the household survey. For example,
persons with a job but not at work and persons working
only a few hours during the week are sometimes eligible for
unemployment compensation but are classified as
employed rather than unemployed in the household
survey.




COMPARABILITY OF PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES

County Business Patterns. Data in County Business
Patterns (CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census,
U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative
offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices.
In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and government, and coverage is incomplete for some of the nonprofit
activities.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance
programs. Most nonfarm wage and salary workers are
covered by the unemployment insurance programs.
However, certain activities, such as interstate railroads,
parochial schools, and churches are not covered by unemployment insurance, but the BLS establishment statistics
do include these activities.

177

Household Data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population;
the personal, occupational, and other characteristics of the
employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the labor
force; and related data are compiled for BLS by the Bureau
of the Census in its Current Population Survey (CPS). A
detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and
Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the
Current Population Survey, BLS Report 463. Historical
national data through 1987 are published in Labor Force
Statistics Derived From the Current Population Survey,
BLS Bulletin 2307.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted
through a scientifically selected sample designed to
represent the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents are interviewed to obtain information about the
employment status of each member of the household 16
years of age and over. The inquiry relates to activity or
status during the calendar week, Sunday through
Saturday, which includes the 12th day of the month. This
is known as the survey week. Actual field interviewing is
conducted during the following week.
Inmates of institutions and persons under 16 years of
age are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations,
and they are excluded from the population and labor force
statistics shown in this publication. Data on the members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States, who
are included as part of the special categories "noninstitutional population," "labor force," and "total employment," are'obtained from the Department of Defense. (See
tables A-l, A-2, A-32, and A-42.)
Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for
interview. About 2,600 of these households are contacted,
but interviews are not obtained because the occupants are
not at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for
other reasons. This results in a noninterview rate for the
survey of between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the
60,000 occupied units, there are 11,500 sample units in an
average month which are visited but found to be vacant or
otherwise not enumerated. Part of the sample is changed
each month. The rotation plan, as explained later,
provides for three-fourths of the sample to be common
from one month to the next, and one half to be common
with the same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force
data have been modified, but not substantially altered,
since the inception of the survey in 1940; those used since
1967 are as follows:
178




Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the
survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in their
own business, profession, or on their own farm, or who
worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise operated by a member of the family; and (b) all those
who were not working but who had jobs or businesses from
which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad
weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons, whether they were paid for the time off or
were seeking other jobs.
Each employed person is counted only once, even if he
or she holds more than one job. Multiple jobholders are
counted in the job at which they worked the greatest
number of hours during the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign
countries who are temporarily in the United States but not
living on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are
persons whose only activity consisted of work around their
own houses (painting, repairing, or housework) or
volunteer work for religious, charitable, and similar
organizations.
Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no
employment during the survey week, were available for
work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific
efforts to find employment some time during the prior 4
weeks. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job
from which they had been laid off or were waiting to report
to a new job within 30 days need not be looking for work to
be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of time
(through the current survey week) during which persons
classified as unemployed had been continuously looking
for work. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number of full weeks since the termination of their most recent employment. A period of 2
weeks or more during which a person was employed or
ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the present period of seeking work. Two useful
measures of the duration are the mean and the median.
Mean duration is the arithmetic average computed from
single weeks of unemployment; median duration is the
midpoint of a distribution of weeks of unemployment.
Unemployment is also categorized according to the
status of individuals at the time they began to look for
work. The reasons for unemployment are divided into four
major groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking
for work, and persons on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons
who quit or otherwise terminated their employment
voluntarily and immediately began looking for work. (3)
Reentrants are persons who previously worked at d fulltime job lasting 2 weeks or longer but were out of the labor

force prior to beginning to look for work. (4) New entrants
are persons who never worked at a full-time job lasting 2
weeks or longer. Each of these four categories of the unemployed may be expressed as an unemployment rate or
proportion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the
four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all
civilian workers.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made
specific efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week
period preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include those persons unemployed because they (a) were
waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been
laid off or (b) were waiting to report to a new job within 30
days. Jobseekers are grouped by the methods used to seek
work, including going to a public or private employment
agency or to an employer directly, seeking assistance from
friends or relatives, placing or answering ads, or using
some other method. Examples of the "other" category include being on a union or professional register, obtaining
assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a
designated labor pickup point.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians classified
as employed or unemployed in accordance with the
criteria described above.
The civilian worker unemployment rate represents the
number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor
force. This measure can also be computed for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age, race, Hispanic
origin, marital status, etc.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the population that is in the labor force. The civilian laborforce participation rate is the ratio of the civilian labor force to the
civilian noninstitutional population. Civilian labor force
participation rates are usually published for sex-age
groupS, often cross-classified by other demographic
characteristics such as race and educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion
of the population that is employed. The civilian employment-population ratio is the percentage of all employed
civilians in the civilian noninstitutional population.
Not in the labor force includes all persons 16 years and
over who are not classified as employed or unemployed.
These persons are further classified as engaged in ownhome housework, in school, unable to work because of
long-term physical or mental illness, retired, or other. The
"other" group includes individuals reported as too old or
temporarily unable to work, the voluntarily idle, seasonal
workers for whom the survey week fell in an offseason and
who were not reported as looking for work, and persons
who did not look for work because they believed that no
jobs were available in the area or that no jobs were available for which they could qualify—discouraged workers.
Persons doing only incidental, unpaid family work (less
than 15 hours in the specified week) are also classified as
not in the labor force.




For persons not in the labor force, data on previous
work experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a job
at the time of interview, and reasons for not looking for
work are published on a quarterly basis. As of January
1970, the detailed questions for persons not in the labor
force are asked only in those households that are in the
fourth and eighth months of the sample, i.e., the "outgoing" groups, those which had been in the sample for the
previous 3 months and would not be in for the subsequent
month. Between 1967 and 1969, these questions were
asked in those households entering the sample for the first
time and those returning for the second 4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming" groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the
employed apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons
with two or more jobs are classified in the job at which they
worked the greatest number of hours during the survey
week. The unemployed are classified according to their
last full-time job lasting 2 weeks or more. The classifications of occupations and industries used in data derived
from the CPS are defined as in the 1990 census. Information on the detailed categories included in these groups is
available upon request.
The class-sof-worker breakdown specifies wage and
salary workers subdivided into private and government
workers; self-employed workers; and unpaid family
workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages, salary,
commission, tips, or pay in kind from a private employer
or from a governmental unit. Self-employed persons are
those who work for profit or fees in their own business,
profession, or trade, or operate a farm. Unpaid family
workers are persons working without pay for 15 hours a
week or more on a farm or in a business operated by a
member of the household to whom they are related by
birth or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of
hours worked during the survey week. For example, persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were off on
the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working
32 hours even though they were paid for the holiday. For
persons working in more than one job, thefiguresrelate to
the number of hours worked in all jobs during the week; all
the hours are credited to the major job.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the
survey week are designated as working/*/// time. Persons
who worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as
working part time. Part-time workers are classified by
their usual status at their present job (either full or part
time) and by their reason for working part time during the
survey week (economic or noneconomic reasons).
Economic reasons include: Slack work, material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start or termination of
a job during the week, and inability to find full-time work.
Noneconomic reasons include: Labor dispute, bad
weather, own illness, vacation, demands of home or
179

school, no desire for full-time work, and full-time worker
only during peak season. Persons on full-time schedules
include, in addition to those working 35 hours or more,
those who worked from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic
reasons and usually work full time.
Data on employment "at work" differ from data on total employment because they exclude persons in the zerohours-worked category, "with a job but not at work."
These are persons who were absent from their jobs for the
entire week for such reasons as bad weather, vacation,
illness, or involvement in a labor dispute.
Employed persons are also categorized into full-and
part-time groupings based primarily on their usual status.
In this context, full-time workers are those who (a) worked 35 hours or more during the survey week, (b) worked 1
to 34 hours for economic or noneconomic reasons, but
usually work full time, and (c) were with a job but not at
work and usually work full time. Similarly, part-time
workers are those who (a) voluntarily worked 1 to 34 hours
during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours for
economic reasons, but usually work part time, i.e., persons
who could only find part-time work, and (c) were with a
job but not at work and usually work part time.
Unemployment rates for full-and part-time workers are
calculated using the concepts of the full-and part-time
laborforce which are based on the type ofjob—full or part
time—that persons—whether working or unemployed—
say they want. The "full-time labor force" includes all persons working part time but who desire full-time work, that
is, working part time for economic reasons. Thus, this
category consists of persons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily working part time regardless of their
usual status; and unemployed persons seeking full-time
jobs. The "part-time labor force" consists of persons working part time voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking
part-time work. Employed persons with a job but not at
work are distributed according to whether they usually
work on full-time or voluntary part-time schedules.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours lost
to the economy through unemployment and involuntary
part-time employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is computed by assuming that: (1) unemployed persons looking for full-time
work lost an average of 37.5 hours, (2) those looking for
part-time work lost the average number of hours actually
worked by voluntary part-time workers during the survey
week, and (3) persons on part time for economic reasons
lost the difference between 37.5 hours and the actual
number of hours they worked.
White, black, and other are terms used to describe the
race of workers. Included in the "other" group are American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific
Islanders. All tables in this publication which contain racial data, with the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data for the black population group. Because

180




of their relatively small sample size, data for "other" races
are not published. In the enumeration process, race is determined by the household respondent.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto
Rican living on the mainland, Cuban, Central or South
American, or of other Hispanic origin or descent. Persons
of Hispanic origin may be of any race; thus they are included in both the white and black population groups.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed
Forces of the United States between August 5, 1964, and
May 7,1975. Data are limited to men in the civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and
women are excluded. Nonveterans are men who never
served in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from responses
to the question "How much does...USUALLY earn per
week at this job before deductions?" Included are any
overtime pay, commissions, or tips usually received. The
term "usual" is as perceived by the respondent. If the
respondent asks for a definition of usual, the interviewer
defines the term as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. Data refer to wage and salary
workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who
usually work full time on their sole or primary job.
Median earnings indicate the value which divides the
earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part having
values above the median and the other having values below
the median. The medians as shown in this publication are
calculated by linear interpolation of the $50 centered interval within which each median falls.
Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status are terms used to define the marital status of
individuals at the time of interview. Married, spouse
present, applies to husband and wife if both were reported
as members of the same household even though one may
be temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a
hospital, etc. Other marital status applies to persons who
are married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced.
Married, spouse absent, includes persons who are
separated because of marital discord, as well as persons
who are living apart because either the husband or the wife
was employed and living away from home, serving in the
Armed Forces, or had a different place of residence for any
reason.
A household consists of all persons—related family
members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a housing unit. A house, an apartment, a group of rooms, or a
single room is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or
intended for occupancy as separate living quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in
whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The term
is never applied to dther husbands or wives in married-

couple families but relates only to persons in families
maintained by either men or women without a spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons residing
together who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption;
all such persons are considered as members of one family
even though they may include a related subfamily, that is,
a married couple or a parent-child group related by birth
or marriage to the householder and sharing the living
quarters. The count of families used in this publication excludes unrelated subfamilies such as lodgers, guests, or
resident employees living in a household but not related to
the householder. Families are classified either as marriedcouple families or as families maintained by women or
men without spouses. A family maintained by a woman or
a man is one in which the householder is either single,
widowed, divorced, or married, spouse absent. Data on the
earnings of families exclude all those in which there is no
wage or salary earner or in which the husband, wife, or
other persons maintaining the family are either
self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in
tracted areas, and Minor Civil Divisions (MCD's) in untracted areas, in which 20 percent or more of the noninstitutional residents were poor according to the 1980
decennial census. Persons were classified as poor or nonpoor by comparing money income to a series of poverty
income thresholds which vary by family size and number
of children. While poverty areas have a substantial concentration of low-income residents, many poor persons
live outside these areas, and conversely, the areas include
many people who are not poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the
total of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA's) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as
of June 30, 1983. A detailed discussion of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology can be found in
"The New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the
1980 Census of Population Supplementary Report on
Metropolitan Statistical Areas, PC-S1-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist of the total territory outside MSA's.
The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census,
comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in
places of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urban areas.
More specifically, the urban population consists of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and
New York), and towns (except in the New England States,
New York, and Wisconsin), but excluding those persons
living in the rural portions of extended cities; (2) other
territories, incorporated and unincorporated, included in
urbanized areas. The population not classified as urban
makes up the rural population.




HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Change in lower age limit
The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor
force, employment, and unemployment was raised from
14 to 16 years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible,
historical series were revised to provide consistent information based on the population 16 years and over. For a
detailed discussion of this and other definitional changes
introduced at that time, including estimates of their effect
on the various series, see "New Definitions for Employment and Unemployment," Employment and Earnings
and Monthly Report on the Labor Force, February 1967.
Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there are
several other periods of noncomparability in the labor
force data:
• Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from
the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total
employment, and agricultural employment were increased
by about 350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals
and men; other categories were relatively unaffected.
• Starting in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii
resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population
and about 300,000 in the labor force. Four-fifths of this increase was in nonagricultural employment; other labor
force categories were not appreciably affected.
• Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the
1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and
labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually unchanged.
• Commencing in 1972, information from the 1970 census was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by about 800,000; labor force and
employment totals were raised by a little more than
300,000; and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged.
• A subsequent population adjustment based on the 1970
census was introduced in March 1973. This adjustment,
which affected the white and black-and-other groups but
had little effect on totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white population and an increase of the
same magnitude in the black-and-other population. Civilian labor force and total employment figures were affected
to a lesser degree; the white labor force was reduced by
150,000, and the black-and-other labor force rose by about
210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not significantly affected.
• Beginning in January 1974, the methodology used to
prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitu-

181

tional population was modified to an inflation-deflation
approach. This change in the derivation of the estimates
had its greatest impact on estimates of 20-to 24-year-old
men—particularly those of the black-and-other population—but had little effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and over. Additional information on the adjustment procedure appears in "CPS Population Controls
Derived from Inflation-Deflation Method of Estimation,"
in the February 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
• Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration of
Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and
black-and-other independent population controls for persons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by
76,000—30,000 men and 46,000 women. The addition of
the refugees increased the black-and-other population by
less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all of the
changes were in the other population.
• Starting in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the civilian labor force and employment totals; unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation
of the procedural changes and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1978" in the February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings.
• Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual
was determined by the household respondent for the incoming rotation group households, rather than by the interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race.
Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race determined by the household respondent
and seven-eighths of the sample households had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race determined by
the household respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
• Commencing in January 1979, thefirst-stageratio estimation method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for the total United States. The reasoning behind the change and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in
January 1979" in the February 1979 issue of Employment
and Earnings.
• Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation
procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of
its effect on national estimates of labor force characteris-

182




tics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the February 1982 issue
of Employment and Earnings. In addition, current population estimates used in the second-stage estimation procedure are derived from information obtained from the 1980
census, rather than the 1970 census. This change caused
substantial increases in total population and estimates of
persons in all labor force categories. Rates for labor force
characteristics, however, remained virtually unchanged.
Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted back to 1970
to avoid major breaks in series. The February 1982 article
cited above also describes the adjustment procedure used.
The revisions did not, however, smooth out the breaks in
series occurring between 1972 and 1979 that are described
above, and data users should make allowances for them in
making certain data comparisons.
• Starting in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment methodology was updated to account for results obtained from the 1980 census. The purpose of the change
and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the
February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. There
were only slight differences between the old and new procedures in estimates of levels for the various labor force
characteristics and virtually no differences in estimates of
participation rates.
• Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the
CPS estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment,
thefirst-and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in the Estimating Methods section. A description
of the changes and an indication of their effect on national
estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Changes
in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population
Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the February 1985
issue of this publication. Overall, the revisions had only a
slight effect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on
estimates of persons of Hispanic origin. Major estimates
were revised back to January 1980.
• Starting in January 1986, the population controls used
in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980 and
an improved estimate of the number of emigrants among
legal foreign-born residents for the same time period. As a
result, the total civilian population and labor force estimates were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian employment
was increased by about 350,000. The Hispanic-origin population and labor force estimates were raised by about
425,000 and 305,000, respectively, and employment by
270,000. Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and
rates were not significantly affected. Because of the mag-

nitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data were revised
back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An explanation of the changes and their effect on estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation
Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of this publication.
• Beginning in August 1989, the second-stage ratio
estimate cells were changed slightly to decrease the chance
of very small cells occurring and to be more consistent
with published age, sex, and race cells. This change had
virtually no effect on national estimates.
Changes in the occupational and industrial classification system
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational
employment data was affected as a result of changes in the
occupational classification system for the 1970 census that
were introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further
affected in December 1971, when a question relating to
major activity or duties was added to the monthly CPS
questionnaire in order to determine more precisely the
occupational classification of individuals. As a result of
these changes, meaningful comparisons of occupational
employment levels could not be made between 1971-72
and prior years nor between those 2 years. Unemployment
rates were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of the changes in the occupational classification
system, see "Revisions in Occupational Classifications for
1971" and "Revisions in the Current Population Survey"
in the February 1971 and February 1972 issues, respectively, of Employment and Earnings.
Starting in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census were introduced into the CPS. The 1980 census occupational
classification system evolved from the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC), and this new system differed
so radically in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970
system that comparisons of historical data are not possible
without major adjustments. For example, the 1980 major
group "sales occupations" is substantially larger than the
1970 category "sales workers." Major additions include
"cashiers" taken from the "clerical workers" group and
some self-employed proprietors in retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980
census was based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, as modified in 1977. The adoption of
the new system had much less of an adverse effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most notable changes from the 1970 system were
the transfer of farm equipment stores from "retail" to
"wholesale" trade, postal service from "public administration" to "transportation," and some interchange between
"professional and related services" and "public adminis-




tration." Additional information on the 1980 census occupational and industrial classification systems appears in
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment
and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1992, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1990 census were introduced into the CPS. There were a few breaks in comparability between the 1980 and 1990 census-based systems,
particularly within the "technical, sales, and administrative support" categories. The industrial classification
system used in the 1990 census is based on the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification system. The most notable
changes from the 1980 system were the shift of several industries from "business services" to "professional services" and the splitting of some industries into smaller,
more detailed categories. A number of industry titles were
changed as well, with no change in content.
Sampling
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various changes in the design of the CPS sample. The sample is
traditionally redesigned and a new sample selected after
each decennial census. The number of sample areas and
the number of sample persons are also increased occasionally. Most of these changes are made in order to improve
the efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the
reliability of the sample estimates. When Alaska and
Hawaii received statehood, three sample areas were added
to the existing sample to account for the population of
these States. In January 1978, a supplemental sample of
9,000 housing units, selected in 24 States and the District
of Columbia, was designed to provide more reliable annual
average estimates for States. In October 1978, a coverage
improvement sample of approximately 450 sample household units representing 237,000 occupied mobile homes
and 600,000 new construction housing units was added.
In January 1980, another supplemental sample of 9,000
households selected in 32 States and the District of
Columbia was added. A sample reduction of about 6,000
units was implemented in May 1981. In January 1982, the
sample was expanded by 100 households to provide additional coverage in counties added to SMSA's, which were
redefined in 1973. In January 1985, a new State-based CPS
sample was selected based on 1980 census information. A
sample reduction of about 4,000 households was implemented in April 1988; they were reinstated during the
8-month period, April-November 1989.
The 1980 census-based sample design includes about
72,000 housing units per month located in 729 selected
geographic areas called primary sampling units (PSU's).
The sample was initially selected so that specific reliability
criteria were met nationally, for each of the 50 States, for
the District of Columbia, and for the sub-State areas of
New York City and the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area. Since 1985, these reliability criteria have been

183

maintained through periodic additions and deletions in
the State samples. The criteria, given below, are based on
the coefficient of variation (CV) of the unemployment
rate, where the CV is defined as the standard error of the
estimate divided by the estimate, expressed as a percentage. These CV controls assume a 6-percent unemployment
rate in the denominator of this formula to establish a consistent specification of sampling error.
Nationally, a 1.8-percent CV is maintained on the
monthly unemployment rate estimate. This means that a
change of 0.2 percentage point in the unemployment rate
is significant at a 90-percent confidence level.
In 11 States—California, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina,
Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas—the most populous States
at the time of the 1980 decennial census, an 8-percent CV
is maintained on the monthly unemployment rate
estimate. In the other 39 States and the District of
Columbia, an 8-percent CV is maintained on the annual
unemployment rate estimate. In New York City and the
Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area, a 9-percent
CV is maintained on the monthly unemployment rate.
In the first stage of sampling, the 729 sample areas are
chosen. In the second stage, ultimate sampling unit
clusters composed of about four housing units each are
selected. Each month, about 72,000 housing units are
assigned for data collection, of which about 60,000 are
occupied and thus eligible for interview. The remainder are
units found to be destroyed, vacant, converted to nonresidential use, containing persons whose usual place of residence is elsewhere, or ineligible for other reasons. Of the
60,000 housing units, 4 to 5 percent are not interviewed in a
given month due to temporary absence (vacation, etc.),
other failures to make contact after repeated attempts, inability of persons contacted to respond, unavailability for
other reasons, and refusals to cooperate (about half of the
noninterviews). Information is obtained each month for
about 113,000 persons 16 years of age and older.
Selection of sample areas. The entire area of the United
States, consisting of 3,137 counties and independent cities,
is divided into 1,973 primary sampling units (PSU's). In
most States, a PSU consists of a county or a number of contiguous counties. In New England and Hawaii, minor civil
divisions are used instead of counties.
t
Metropolitan areas within a State are used as a basis for
forming PSU's. Outside of metropolitan areas, counties
normally are combined, except where the geographic area
of the sample county is very large. Combining counties to
form PSU's provides greater heterogeneity; a typical PSU
includes urban and rural residents of both high and low
economic levels and encompasses, to the extent feasible,
diverse occupations and industries. Another important
consideration is to make the PSU sufficiently compact so
that, with a small sample spread throughout, it can be
efficiently canvassed without undue travel cost.
184




The 1,973 PSU's are grouped into strata within each
State. Then one PSU is selected from each stratum with
the probability of selection proportional to the population
of the PSU. There are 314 PSU's in strata by themselves
that are self-representing, and generally these are the most
populated PSU's in each State. The remaining strata are
formed by combining PSU's that are similar in such characteristics as population growth; proportions of blacks
and of Hispanics (in certain States); and population distribution by occupation, industry, age, and sex. The PSU's,
randomly selected from these strata are non-self-representing because each one chosen represents the entire
stratum. The probability of selecting a particular PSU in a
non-self-representing stratum is proportional to its 1980
population. For example, within a stratum, the chance
that a PSU with a population of 50,000 would be selected
for the sample is twice that for a PSU having a population
of 25,000.
Selection of sample households. Because the sample design
is essentially State based, the sampling ratio differs by
State and depends on the reliability requirements for
estimates for each State. The State sampling ratios range
roughly from 1 in every 200 households to 1 in every 2,500
households in each stratum of the State. The sampling
ratio occasionally is modified slightly to hold the size of
the sample relatively constant given the overall growth of
the population. The sampling ratio used within a sample
PSU depends on the probability of selection of the PSU
and the sampling ratio for the State. In a sample PSU with
a probability of selection of 1 in 10 with a State sampling
ratio of 1 in 2,500, the within-PSU sampling ratio that
results is 1 in 250, thereby achieving the desired ratio of 1
in 2,500 for the stratum.
Within each designated PSU, several steps are involved
in selecting the housing units to be enumerated. First, the
1980 census enumeration districts (ED's), which are
administrative units and contain on the average about 300
housing units, are ordered so that the sample would reflect
the demographic and residential characteristics of the
PSU. Within each ED, the housing units are sorted
geographically and are grouped into clusters of approximately four housing units. Next, a systematic sample of
these clusters of housing units is selected.
The identification of the sample housing units within an
ED is made wherever possible from the list of ED
addresses compiled during the 1980 census. The address
lists are used in about three-fourths of the ED's, primarily
in urban areas. Area sampling is applied in the remaining
ED's, mostly in rural areas. In ED's where address lists are
used, automated methods are used to form clusters of geographically contiguous housing units. An effort is made to
have all small, multi-unit addresses (two to four housing
units) included in the same cluster. The methods use the
within-PSU sampling ratio to identify appropriate clusters
for the sample. Supplemental samples are also prepared to

account for addresses in isolated geographic areas and to
account for housing units not found on the address lists,
including housing units newly constructed in the PSU
since the census date. The addresses of these units are obtained mainly from records of building permits.
In those enumeration districts where area sampling
methods are used, mainly rural areas, the ED's are subdivided into small land "chunks" with well-defined boundaries and having, in general, an expected "size" of about 8
to 12 housing units or other living quarters. For each subdivided ED, one chunk (or more) is designated for the
sample. When a selected chunk contains about four households, for example, all units are included in the sample.
When the size of the chunk is several times four units, an
interviewer does not conduct interviews at all housing
units in the chunk but uses a systematic sampling pattern
to obtain approximately four households. The remaining
housing units in the chunk are then available for further
samples. Area ED's also make use of building permit lists
to identify newly constructed housing units.
Rotation of sample. Part of the sample is changed each
month. For each sample, eight representative subsamples
or rotation groups are identified. A given rotation group is
interviewed for a total of 8 months, divided into two equal
periods. It is in the sample for 4 consecutive months, leaves
the sample during the following 8 months, and then returns for another 4 consecutive months. In any 1 month,
one-eighth of the rotation groups are in theirfirstmonth of
enumeration, another eighth is in their second month, and
so on. Under this system, 75 percent of the sample
segments are common from month to month and 50 percent from year to year. This procedure, which was introduced in 1953, provides a substantial amount of month-tomonth and year-to-year overlap in the sample, thus reducing discontinuities in the series of data without burdening
any specific group of households with an unduly long
period of inquiry.
Table 1-A provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use since 1947. A more detailed account of the history of the CPS sample design appears in
The Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived
from the Current Population Survey, Report 463, Bureau
of Labor Statistics. A description of the 1980 census-based
sample appears in "Redesign of the Sample for the Current
Population Survey," in the May 1984 issue of Employment
and Earnings.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously




and are based on returns from the entire panel of
respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting
the data from each sample person by the inverse of the
probability of the person being in the sample. This gives a
rough measure of the number of actual persons that the
sample person represents. Since 1985, almost all sample
persons within the same State have the same probability of
selection (with the exception of New York and California,
where the cities of New York and Los Angeles are sampled
at a higher probability). These selection probabilities are
then adjusted for noninterviews; ratio adjustments are
made to known population controls; and composite
the estimation procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for occupied sample households for which no information was obtained because of absence, impassable
roads, refusals, or unavailability of the respondents for
other reasons. This noninterview adjustment is made separately for clusters of similar sample areas that are usually,
but not necessarily, contained within a State. Similarity of
sample areas is based on Metropolitan Statistical Area
(MSA) status and size. Within each cluster, there is a
further breakdown by residence. Each MSA cluster is split
by "central city" and "balance of the MSA." Each nonMSA cluster is split by "urban" and "rural" residence
categories. The proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent, depending on weather,
vacation, etc.
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance,
from that of the population as a whole in such characteristics as age, race, sex, and residence. Because these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the
sample, the survey estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of ratio estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of the
729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas not in
the sample; the remainder of the sample areas represent
only themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure reduces the portion of the variance that results from
requiring sample PSU's in a State to represent nonsampled
PSU's in the same State and is not applied to self-representing PSU's. The adjustment is made at the State level
for each of the 43 States which contains nonsample areas
by race cells of black and nonblack. The procedure
corrects for differences that existed in each cell at the time
of the 1980 census between the race distribution of the
population in sample PSU's and the known race distribution of the State.
185

Table 1-A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to present
Households eligible
Time period

Aug.
Feb.
May
Jan.
Mar.
Jan.
Aug.
Aug.
Jan.
Jan
May
Jan.
Apr.
Nov.

1947 to
1954 to
1956 to
1960 to
1963 to
1967 to
1971 to
1972 to
1978 to
1980 to
1981 to
1985 to
1988 to
1989 to

Jan. 1954
Apr. 1956
Dec. 1959
Feb. 1963
Dec. 1966
July 1971
July 1972
Dec. 1977
Dec. 1979
Apr. 1981
Dec. 1984
Mar. 1988
Mar. 1989
present 3

Housholds visited
but not eligible

Number of sample
areas

68
230
1
330
2
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
729
729

Interviewed

Not interviewed

21.000
21.000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45.000
45.000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57.000
53.200
57,400

500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2.000
2.000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
2,600
2,600

3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000
11,500
11,800

3
1
The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in
each State and the District of Columbia.
period, April-November 1989.
2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and Hawaii
after statehood.

b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample
proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted
to the distribution of independent current estimates of the
civilian noninstitutional population in the same
categories. The second-stage ratio adjustment, which
further reduces variability of the estimates and corrects to
some extent for CPS undercoverage relative to the
decennial census, is carried out in three steps.
In the first step, the sample estimates are adjusted within each State and the District of Columbia to independent
controls for the population 16 years and over. These controls are an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend in the
growth of this population segment using the two most
recent July 1 estimates, adjusted as a last step to a current
estimate of the U.S. population of this group. State
estimates by age for July 1 are published annually in Current Population Reports, Series P-25. For a description of
the methodology used in developing the State total, see
Report 957 of that series. A description of the age
estimates methodology is available in Report 1010 of that
series.
The second step involves an adjustment by Hispanic
origin to a national estimate for 14 Hispanic and 5 nonHispanic age-sex categories. These Hispanic controls are
prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census count for
Hispanics by adding estimated Hispanic births and immigrants and subtracting estimated Hispanic deaths and
emigrants to yield an estimate of the Hispanic population
by age and sex. Prior to January 1985, there was no
separate control for Hispanics in the second-stage ratio
procedure.
In the third step, a national adjustment is made by the
race categories of white, black, and other races to indepen

186




dent estimates by age and sex. The white and black
categories contain 66 and 42 age-sex groups respectively;
the other races category has 10 age-sex cells. The entire second-stage adjustment procedure is iterated six times,
each time beginning at the weights developed the previous
time. This ensures that the sample estimates of the population for both State and national age-sex-race-origin
categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals.
The "inflation-deflation" method is used in the preparation of the independent national controls used for the agesex-race groups in the third step of the second-stage ratio
estimation procedure. It had been discontinued during the
period from January 1982 to December 1984. In January
1985, this method was reintroduced into the CPS estimation procedure. With "the inflation-deflation" method, the
independent controls are prepared by inflating the 1980
census counts to include estimated undercounts by age,
sex, and race, thus aging this population forward to each
subsequent month and later age by adding births and net
migration, and subtracting deaths. These postcensal population estimates are then deflated to reflect the pattern of
net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex, and
race. Because an estimate of undercount is first added and
then subtracted, the size of each race-sex group is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method. Similarly,
the final estimate is affected only by the age structure of
the undercount, but not the level. This feature of the
method is important because the exact amount of undercount in the 1980 census remains unknown.
Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and
the estimate date are based on tabulations of vital statistics
for the resident population made by the National Center

for Health Statistics and data on deaths of military
personnel overseas from the Department of Defense.
Estimates of net civilian immigration are based on data
provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Service,
the Department of Defense, the Office of Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning Board. The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting
the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the
estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas. The institutional population is computed by applying
institutional proportions derived from the 1980 census to
the total population, including Armed Forces overseas for
the estimate date. All computations described above are
performed in cells defined by single year of age, race, and
sex. The independent national control totals are then obtained by collapsing these cells into broader age groups for
the population 16 years and older.
Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced into the estimation of the independent population
controls. For the first time, an explicit allowance for net
undocumented immigration since April 1, 1980 (the
census date) was added to the estimated level of legal immigration. In addition, an increase in the estimate of emigration of legal, foreign-born residents has been incorporated into the postcensal population estimates since 1980.
The nature and effect of these changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the
Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in
the February 1986 issue of Employment and Earnings.
3. Composite estimate procedure. The last step in the preparation of most CPS estimates makes use of a composite
estimation procedure. The composite estimate consists of
a weighted average of two factors: The two-stage ratio
estimate based on the entire sample from the current
month and the composite estimate for the previous month
plus an estimate of the month-to-month change based on
the six rotation groups common to both months. In addition, a bias adjustment term is added to the weighted
average to account for relative bias associated with monthin-sample estimates. This month-in-sample bias is exhibited by unemployment estimates for persons in their first
and fifth months in the CPS. The unemployment estimates
for these persons are generally higher than estimates obtained for the other months.
The composite estimate results in a reduction in the
sampling error beyond that which is achieved after the two
stages of ratio adjustment. For some items, the reduction is
substantial. The resultant gains in reliability are greatest in
estimates of month-to-month change, although gains are
also usually obtained for estimates of level in a given
month, change from year to year, and change over other
intervals.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the
totals shown in the same tables because of independent




rounding of totals and components to the nearest
thousand. Similarly, sums of percent distributions may
not always equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate
based on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling.
The standard errors provided primarily indicate the
magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in response and
enumeration but do not measure any systematic biases in
the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to
quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS, as
discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should
be small on estimates of relative change, such as month-tomonth change. Nonsampling error would more severely
affect estimates of monthly levels.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to
many sources, e.g., inability to obtain information about
all cases in the sample, definitional difficulties, differences
in the interpretation of questions, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information,
inability to recall information, errors made in collection
such as those in recording or coding the data, errors made
in processing the data, errors made in estimating values for
missing data, and failure to represent all sample households and all persons within sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of
the survey are studied by means of a reinterview program.
This program is used to estimate various sources of error
as well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is
inspected through reinterview at regular intervals. The results indicate, among other things, that the data published
from the CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A
description of the CPS reinterview program and some of
the other results may be found in the Current Population
Survey Reinterview Program, January 1961 through
December 1966, Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the
Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation
plan used for the sample, because the level of the estimates
varies by rotation group. A description of these effects
appears in "The Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar,
Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume
70, No. 349, March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage is
about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS undercoverage
187

varies with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally,
undercoverage is larger for men than for women, and
larger for blacks, Hispanics, and other races combined
than for whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sexrace-origin population controls, as described previously,
partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage. However, biases exist in the estimates to the extent
that missed persons in missed households or missed persons in interviewed households have different characteristics than interviewed persons in the same age-sexrace-origin group. Further, the independent population
controls used have not been adjusted for undercoverage in
the 1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the
CPS appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by the Current Population Survey," by Camilla
Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working
Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal
Statistical Policy and Standards; in "The Current
Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson
and Gary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and in The Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No.
40, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.
This last document includes a comprehensive discussion
of various sources of errors and describes attempts to
measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, estimates differ from the true
population values that they represent. This difference, or
sampling error, occurs by chance, and its variability is
measured by the standard error of the estimate. Sample
estimates from a given survey design are unbiased when an
average of the estimates from all possible samples would
yield, hypothetically, the true population value. In this
case, the sample estimate and its standard error can be
used to construct approximate confidence intervals, or
ranges of values, that include the true population value
with known probabilities. If the process of selecting a
sample from the population were repeated many times and
an estimate and its standard error calculated for each
sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error
above the estimate would include the true population
value.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors
above the estimate would include the true population
value.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from two
standard errors below the estimate to two standard errors

188




above the estimate would include the true population
value.
Although the estimating methods used in the CPS do
not produce unbiased estimates, biases for most estimates
are believed to be small enough so that these confidence
interval statements are approximately true.
Because it would be too costly to develop standard
errors for all CPS estimates, generalized variance function
techniques are used to calculate sets of standard errors for
various types of labor force characteristics. It is important
to keep in mind that standard errors computed from these
methods reflect sampling errors and some kinds of nonsampling errors and indicate the general magnitude of an
estimate's standard error rather than its precise value.
The generalized variance functions and standard errors
provided here are based on the sample design and estimation procedures as of 1987 and have been adjusted to reflect the population levels and sample size as of 1991. For
years prior to 1967, the standard errors obtained must be
further adjusted to reflect the CPS sample size in effect at
that time. For years prior to 1956, standard errors should
be multiplied by 1.5; for the years 1956 through 1966,
standard errors should be multiplied by 1.22.
Tables 1-B through 1-H are provided so that approximate standard errors of estimates can be easily obtained.
Details illustrating the proper use of each table follow.
Tables 1-B and 1-C show standard errors for estimated
monthly levels and rates for selected employment status
characteristics; these tables also provide standard errors
for consecutive month-to-month changes in the estimates.
These standard errors are based on levels of recent estimates and can be determined directly by finding the characteristic of interest.
Tables 1-D and 1-E show standard errors for monthly
levels and consecutive monthly changes in levels for
general employment status characteristics. The standard
errors are calculated using linear interpolation based on
the size of the monthly estimates.
Tables 1-F and 1-G give parameters that can be used
with formulas to calculate a standard error on nearly any
specified level, unemployment rate, percentage, or consecutive month-to-month change. For monthly levels and
consecutive month-to-month changes in levels, tables 1-F
and 1-G are preferred to tables 1-D and 1-E, because the
formulas provide more accurate results than linear interpolation.
Table 1-H presents factors used to convert standard errors of monthly levels and rates determined from tables
1-B, 1-C, 1-D, and 1-F to standard errors pertaining to
quarterly and yearly averages, consecutive year-to-year
changes of monthly estimates, and changes in quarterly
and yearly averages.

Table 1-B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(In thousands)

Industry

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Monthly
level

Consecutivemonth change

260
281
144

191
213
157

Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

165
183
106

140
154
120

Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

196
201
88

148
154
101

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

83
80
52

82
80
68

121
123
65

88
93
74

Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

67
72
46

59
64
54

Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

85
84
43

64
65
50

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

33
28
25

34
29
29

Hispanic origin, 16 years and
over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

97
102
52

68
81
61

Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

The standard errors for estimated changes from 1
month to the next, 1 year to the next, etc., depend more on
the monthly levels for characteristics than on the size of
the changes. Accordingly, tables 1-E, 1-G, and 1-H use
monthly levels (not the magnitude of the changes) for
approximating standard errors of change. Standard errors
for estimated change between nonconsecutive months are
not provided (except for year-to-year change); however,
these may be assumed to be higher than the standard
errors for consecutive monthly change.
Use of tables 1-B and 1-C. These tables provide a quick
reference for standard errors of major characteristics.
Table 1-B gives approximate standard errors for estimates
of monthly levels and consecutive month-to-month
changes in levels for major employment status categories.
Table 1-C gives approximate standard errors for estimates




of monthly unemployment rates and consecutive monthto-month changes in unemployment rates for some demographic, industrial, and occupational categories. For characteristics not given in tables 1-B and 1-C, refer to either
tables 1-D and 1-E or tables 1-F and 1-G.
Illustration. Suppose that for a given month the number of
women 20 years and over in the civilian labor force is estimated to be 54,000,000. For this characteristic, the approximate standard error of 196,000 is given in table 1-B in
the row, "total, women 20 years and over: civilian labor
force." A 90-percent confidence interval as shown by these
data, would then be the interval from 53,686,000 to
54,314,000. Concluding that the true labor force level lies
within this interval would be correct for roughly 90 percent of all possible samples.
Use of tables 1-Dand 1-E. From these tables, approximate
standard errors can be calculated for estimates of monthly
levels and month-to-month changes in levels for major
labor force characteristics by race and Hispanic origin.
For major categories not shown, such as male or female,
tables 1-F and 1-G can be used. Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in the tables may be
approximated by linear interpolation. For table 1-E,
which applies to estimates of consecutive month-to-month
change, the average of the two monthly levels (not the
change) is used to select the appropriate row in the table.
Illustration. Assume that between 2 consecutive months
the estimated number of employed persons changed from
115,600,000 to 116,700,000, an apparent increase of
1,100,000. The approximate standard error on this monthto-month change estimate is based on the average level of
the estimate for the 2 months, 116,150,000. Using the table
1-E column titled "labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural employment, total," it is necessary
to find the standard errors corresponding to the two
monthly level entries between which the value 116,150,000
lies. The standard error corresponding to 100,000,000 is
given as 240,000, and the standard error corresponding to
120,000,000 is given as 206,000. Use linear interpolation to
find the approximate standard error on morith-to-month
change corresponding to the level 116,150,000; one
method of calculation is given below.

(

120,000,000-116,150,000\
l(240,000-206,000)=213,000
120,000,000-100,000,000I

Thus, a 90-percent confidence interval for the true monthto-month change would be approximately the interval
from 759,000 to 1,441,000.
Use of tables 1-F and 1-G. These tables can be used to find
approximate standard errors for a wide range of estimated
monthly levels, proportions, rates, and estimates of consecutive monthly change. Instead of displaying standard
189

Table 1-C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by
major characteristics

Characteristic

Monthly
level

Total, 16 years and over . . .
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years . . . .
White workers
Black workers
Hispanic-origin workers
Married men, spouse present ..
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families ..

0.11
.16
16
.16
16
.78
.12
.48
.50
.17
.18
.55

.14
.19
.19
.19
.19
1.03
.14
.56
.60
.20
.22
.65

.23
.18

.27
.22

.40
.30

.47
.36

.26
1.44
.86

.31
1.71
1.02

.36

.43

.38

.45

.53

.64

.58

.69

.80
.66

.96
.78

.14
.28
1.59
.76
.29
.37
.45

.16
.33
1.89
.91
.34
.45
.54

.15

.18

.42
.27
.19
.20

.50
.33
.23
.24

1.08

1.29

Consecutivemonth change

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and
managerial
Professional specialty
Technicians and related
support
Sales
Administrative support,
including clerical
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private
household and protective
service
Precision production, craft, and
repair
Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors
Transportation and material
moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners,
helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing ..

Industry
Nonagricultural private wage
and salary workers
Goods-producing industries .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing
industries
Transportation, communications, and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade .
Finance and services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary
workers

errors, these tables provide parameters to be used with the
formulas given below that allow the user to calculate standard errors.
Table 1-G, which applies to estimates of consecutive
monthly change, lists parameters for some characteristics
classified by a measure of correlation between monthly estimates. Estimates of the number of persons employed full
190




time, for example, change relatively little from 1 month to
the next, and the two monthly, estimates are said to be
highly correlated. Consecutive monthly estimates of parttime employment, by contrast, have low correlation, because these estimates are relatively volatile.
Major characteristics for which consecutive monthly
estimates are known to have high or low correlation are
indicated in table 1-G. Not all categories in table 1-G,
however, are broken down into low or high correlation
characteristics. When high or low correlation is not specified in table 1-G, the parameters in this table should be selected from the rows labeled "most characteristics" or
from rows not specifying correlation.
Standard errors of estimated levels. The approximate
standard error, s x , of an estimated monthly level, x, can
be obtained using the formula below, where a and b are the
parameters from table 1-F associated with the particular
characteristic. The same formula can be used to approximate the standard error of an estimated month-to-month
change in level; simply average the levels for the 2 consecutive months and use the parameters from table 1-G.
sx = A / ax2 + bx
Illustration. Assume that in a given month there are an
estimated 6 million unemployed men in the civilian labor
force (x = 6,000,000). Obtain the appropriate a and b
parameters from table 1-F ("unemployment, total or
white"). Use the formula to compute an approximate
standard error on the estimate of 6,000,000.
a = -0.000015749

b = 2464.91

Sx=/V(-0.000015749) (6,000,000) 2 + (2464.91) (6,000,000) =119,000

Suppose that in the next month the estimated number of
unemployed men increases by 200,000 to 6,200,000. The
average of the monthly levels is x = 6,100,000. Obtain the
appropriate a and b parameters from table 1-G ("unemployment, total or white, total, men, women"). Use the formula to compute an approximate standard error on the estimated change of 200,000.
Sx= V(-0.000082123) (6,100,000) 2 + (3494.11) (6,100,000)= 135,000

An approximate 90-percent confidence interval for the
true month-to-month change would be the interval from
-16,000 to 416,000. Because this interval covers zero, one
cannot assert at this level of confidence that any real
change has occurred in the unemployment level. This result can also be expressed by saying that the apparent

Table 1-D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly levels
(in thousands)
Characteristic
Agricultural
employment
Estimated
monthly
level

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000 . . . .
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000

Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment

Unemployment

Hispanic origin
Total or
white

11
16
38
57
88
145
200
253
307

Black

11
16
36
50
69

Total or
white

11
16
35
49
70
98
119
137
152
183'
207

Black

Hispanic
origin

11
16
36
49
67
86
94
93
84

12
16
36
51
71
96

Total

White

11
16
35
50
70
99
120
138
153
184
209
246
273
293
306
313
316
306
275
211

11
16
35
50
70
98
120
137
152
183
207
243
267
284
294
297
295
272
216

Black

11
16
36
50
69
93
108
117
122
117
84

Employed

12
17
38
52
71
93
102
104
97

Civilian labor
force or not
in labor force
12
17
38
52
71
93
102
104
97

Table 1-E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change in levels
(In thousands)
Characteristic

Estimated
monthly
level

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,00
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000




Agricultural
employment

Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment

Unemployment

Hispanic origin
Total or
white

13
18
39
53
71
85
82
58

Black

11
15
34
48
66

Total or
white

13
19
42
58
82
113
134
151
163
184
192

Black

13
19
41
57
76
92
91
72

Hispanic
origin

14
19 '
43
60
82
107

Total

White

Black

9
13
29
41
57
81
98
112
125
150
170
200
222
237
246
251
252
240
206
138

9
13
29
41
57
81
98
112
125
150
170
200
222
237
246
251
252
240
206
138

9
13
30
41
57
76
87
93
95
82

Employed

10
14
32
44
60
77
84
84
76

Civilian labor
force or not
in labor force
9
12
27
37
50
65
72
73
68

191

change of 200,000 is not significant at a 90-percent
confidence level.
Standard errors of estimated percentages and rates.
Generally, percentages and rates are not published unless
the monthly base (denominator) is greater than 75,000
persons, the quarterly average base is greater than 60,000
persons, or the annual average base is greater than 35,000
persons.
The reliability of an estimated percentage or rate depends upon the magnitude of the percentage or rate and its
base. When the numerator and base are in different
Table 1-F. Parameters for computation of standard errors
for estimates of monthly levels

Characteristic

Labor force and not-in-laborforce data other-than agricultural employment and
unemployment:

categories, use the parameters from table 1-F or 1-G
relevant to the numerator. The approximate standard
error, sy>P) of an estimated percentage or rate, p, can be obtained using the following formula, where y is the
estimated number of persons in the base.
y P(100-P)

Illustration. For a given month, suppose that 5,600,000
women, 20 to 24 years of age, are estimated to be
employed. Of this total, 1,800,000 or 32 percent are classified as part-time workers. To estimate the standard error
on this percentage, proceed as follows. Obtain the
parameter b = 2111.70 from table 1-F ("labor force and
not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment, total women")- Apply the formula to obtain:
Sy,p —

Total 1
Men1....,
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

0.000015503
-.000028833
-.000025830
-.000149802

2488.36
2300.61
2111.70
2039.69

White 1
Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .

-.000017494
-.000032295
-.000029346
-.000177579

2488.36
2300.61
2111.70
2039.69

Black
Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:

-.000113103
-.000273973
-.000164107
-.001144754

2613.14
2458.39
2181.67
2390.62

Hispanic origin

-.000199918

2945.94

.000005200

690.84

Not in labor force, total or white,
excluding women and 16-to
19-year-olds
Agricultural employment:
Total or white
Men
Women or both sexes, 16
to 19 years

.000685688
.000755044

2541.14
2351.42

-.000021749

2155.45

Black

-.000121753

2626.04

.011486158

2189.09

.015153395

1268.58

-.000015749
-.000191460
-.000098631

2464.91
2621.89
2704.53

Hispanic origin:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to
19 years
Unemployment:
Total or white
Black
Hispanic origin

Excludes not-in-labor-force data.




(32) (100 - 32) = 0.9 percent

Suppose that in the next month 5,700,000 women in this
same age group are reported employed and that 1,950,000
or 34 percent are part-time workers. To estimate the standard error on the observed month-to-month change of 2
percentage points, first average the values for p and y over
the 2 months to get p = 33 percent and y = 5,650,000.
Next, obtain the parameter b = 2245.76 from table 1-G
("labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment, total or white,
women, low correlation characteristics") and apply the
formula as follows.
s

192

2111.70
5,600,000

2245.76
y,P

(33) (100 - 33) = 0.9 percent

5,650,000

It should be noted that the numerator of the percentage
(part-time employed) determined the choice of correlation. If the example had illustrated percentages of women
employed full time, the numerator would have been a high
correlation characteristic. Table 1-G, however, does not
explicitly list high correlation parameters for employed
women; thus, the row labeled "women, most characteristics" would have been used.
Had the example dealt with teenage women employed
part time, either of two rows in table 1-G could have been
applied ("women, low correlation" or "both sexes, 16 to 19
years"). In situations like this, where it is not clear which
row applies, a general rule to follow is to choose the row
with the largest b parameter. This gives a more conservative estimate of standard error.
Use of table 1-H. Use this table with table 1-B, 1-C, 1-D,
or 1-F to calculate approximate standard errors for quarterly or yearly averages, changes in consecutive quarterly
or yearly averages, and consecutive year-to-year changes

Table 1-G. Parameters for computation of standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change in levels
Characteristic
Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total or white:
Most characteristics
High correlation characteristics1
Low correlation characteristics1

-0.000010944
-.000008144
-.000014170

1668.04
1304.38
2126.02

Men:
Most characteristics
High correlation characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000019884
-.000014794
-.000051372

1599.03
1249.33
2221.13

Women:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000018554
-.000052252

1410.58
2245.76

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-.000162663

2097.34

Black:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000089327
,001740338

1787.47
5422.14

Men:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000212603
,002613218

1912.52
4889.94

Women:
Most characteristics
Low correlation characteristics

-.000140597
-.002078353

1539.24
4483.53

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

-.001139392

2538.37

,000152279
,000099676
,002541911
,000238849

2098.10
1459.85
6518.78
1749.13

,000384132
,000330113

2694.10
1972.12

Total or white:
Total
Men
Women or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

,000346999
,000592136
.000113873

3199J9
3295.42
1975.66

Black:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

,000110444
,017331654

2382.12
4929.50

Hispanic origin:
Total or women
Men or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

.002782195
.002777539

3509.38
3001.45

-.000215510

1743.43

,000082123
,000062800

3494.11
4269.23

Black:
Total, men, women, and both sexes, 16 to 19 years
High correlation characteristics

,000373894
.000043481

3630.26
2571.23

Hispanic origin:
Total, men, women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics

,000244978
,000965230

3822.03
5321.96

Hispanic origin:
Total
Civilian labor force and not in labor force
Low correlation characteristics
Men, civilian labor force and not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over; 20 years and over;
and both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Women, 16 years and over and 20 years and over
Agricultural employment:

Self-employed
2

Unemployment:
Total or white:
Total, men, women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics

1

High correlation characteristics include employed full-time, manufacturing, and service workers and not in the labor force. Low correlation characteristics include all part-time workers; employed, with a job,
but not at work; unpaid family workers; and precision production, craft,
and repair occupations.




2

High correlation characteristics include full-time jobseekers; job
losers; manufacturing workers; and operators, fabricators, and laborers. Low correlation characteristics include part-time jobseekers, reentrants, persons unemployed for less than 5 weeks and from 5 to 14
weeks.

193

in monthly estimates. Table 1-H gives factors to be applied
only to standard errors for monthly levels. Follow these
three basic steps:
Step 1. Average estimates appropriately. For quarterly
estimates, average the 3 monthly estimates. For yearly estimates, average the 12 monthly estimates. For changes in
consecutive averages, average over the 2 quarters or 2
years. For consecutive year-to-year changes in monthly
estimates, average the 2 months involved.

Sx= V/(-0000113103)(ll,600,000)2-h(2613.14)(ll,600,000)=123,000

Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .87 from table
1-H (column labeled "quarterly averages" and row labeled
"labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment, black"). This
gives an approximate standard error of 107,000 on the
quarterly average of 11,600,000.

Step 2. Obtain a standard error on a monthly estimate
using table 1-B or 1-C, or apply the procedures for table
1-D or 1-F to the average calculated in step 1, as if the
average were an estimate for a single month.

Proceed to obtain the approximate standard error on
the change in consecutive quarterly average estimates of
black employment. Assume that black employment estimates for the months in the second quarter are observed to
be 11,100,000, 11,200,000, and 11,300,000.

Step 3. Determine the standard error on the average or
on the estimate of change. Multiply the result from step 2
by the appropriate factor from table 1-H.

Step 1. The average for the second quarter is 11,200,000.
The average of the 2 quarters is 11,400,000.

Illustration. Suppose that standard errors are desired for a
quarterly average of black employment levels and for the
change in averages from 1 quarter to the next. For each
successive month of thefirstquarter, suppose the levels are
observed to be 11,500,000, 11,600,000, and 11,700,000.
Step 1. The quarterly average is 11,600,000.
Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters from table 1-F
("labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment, black, total")Use the Tormula for s x to compute an approximate standard error for a monthly estimate of 11,600,000.

a = -O.OOO1131O3

Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters as above and use
the formula for s x to compute an approximate standard
error for the estimate of 11,400,000, treating it as an estimate for a single month.
Sx=V(^.O(X)1131O3)(ll,4OO,OOO)2^

Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .84 from table
1-H (column labeled "change in quarterly averages" and
row labeled "labor force and not-in-labor-force data other
than agricultural employment and unemployment,
black"). This gives an approximate standard error of
103,000 on the estimated change of 400,000 from 1 quarter
to the next.
The estimated change clearly exceeds 2 standard errors;
therefore, one could conclude from these data that the
change in quarterly averages is significant.

b=2613.14

Table 1-H. Factors to be used with tables 1-B, 1-C, 1-D, and 1-F to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates,
and percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly
averages, and change in yearly averages
Factor
Year-to-year
change of
monthly
estimate

Characteristic

Quarterly
averages

Change
in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change
in
yearly
averages

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part time

. .

1.30
1 30
1.30
1 40

0.92
82
.78
80

0.70
84
.88
80

0.79
.57
.49
59

0.70
.70
.70
.70

1.40
1 40

.74
67

.88
.88

.46
.42

.65
.54

1.30
1 30
1.30
1.30
1.40

.87
87
.87
.79
.82

.85
84
.80
.88
.90

.65
.65
.65
.54
.51

.70
.70
.70
.70
.60

Unemployment:
Total
....
Part time
Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than
agricultural employment and unemployment:
Total or white
Black
Hispanic origin . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part time

194




Establishment Data
(Tables B-1 through C-8)
COLLECTION
BLS cooperates with State employment security agencies in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establishment survey to collect data each month on employment, hours, and earnings from a sample of nonfarm establishments (including government.) In 1992, this sample
included over 370,000 reporting units. From these data, a
large number of employment, hours, and earnings series in
considerable industry and geographic detail are prepared
and published each month. Historical statistics can be
found in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United
States, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States and
Areas. These data are also available in machine-readable
format.
Each month, the State agencies collect data on employment, payrolls, and paid hours from a sample of establishments. Data are collected by mail from most respondents;
phone collection is used to obtain higher response rates
from selected respondents through computer-assisted interviews, touch-tone self-response, and voice recognition
technology.
The respondents extract the requested data from their
payroll records, which must be maintained for a variety of
tax and accounting purposes. All firms with 250 employees or more are asked to participate in the survey, as
well as a sample of smaller firms.
A "shuttle" schedule (BLS form 790 series) is used for
mail respondents. It is submitted each month by the respondents, edited by the State agency, and returned to the
respondent for use again the following month.
The technical characteristics of the shuttle schedule are
particularly important in maintaining continuity and consistency in reporting from month to month. The shuttle
design automatically exhibits the trends of the reported
data covered by the schedule during the year; therefore,
the relationship of the current data to the data for the previous months is shown. The schedule also has operational
advantages. For example, accuracy and economy are
achieved by entering the identification codes and the address of the reporter only once a year.
All schedules are edited by the State agencies each
month to make sure that the data are correctly reported
and that they are consistent with the data reported by the
establishment in earlier months and with the data reported
by other establishments in the industry. The State agencies
forward the data, either on the schedules themselves or in
machine-readable form, to BLS-Washington. They also
use the information provided on the forms to develop State
and area estimates of employment, hours, and earnings. At
BLS, the data are edited again by computer to detect processing and reporting errors which may have been missed




in the initial State editing; the edited data are used to prepare national estimates.
It should be noted that for employment, the sum of the
State figures will differ from the official U.S. national totals because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification and differences in the timing of
benchmark adjustments.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified into industries on the basis of their principal product
or activity determined from information on annual sales
volume. Since January 1980, this information is collected
on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance
tax reports filed by employers. For an establishment making more than one product or engaging in more than one
activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the
Nation (beginning with August 1990 data) and for States
and areas (beginning with January 1990 data) are classified in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SIC), Office of Management and Budget.
Industry employment
Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes
the 12th day of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the number of
persons who occupied positions on the last day of the calendar month. Intermittent workers are counted if they
performed any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid
volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic
workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included.
Government employment covers only civilian employees;
military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central
Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency are
also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick
leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid
holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the
pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike
during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not
counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on
leave without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who
were hired but have not yet reported during the period.

195

Indexes of diffusion of employment change (table B-7).
These indexes measure the dispersion among industries of
the change in employment over the specified time span.
Beginning with August 1990 data, the overall indexes are
calculated from 356 seasonally adjusted employment series (3-digit industries) covering all nonfarm payroll employment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffusion indexes are based on 139 3-digit industries.
To derive the indexes, each component industry is assigned a value of 0, 50, or 100 percent, depending on
whether its employment showed a decrease, no change, or
an increase, respectively, over the time span. The average
value (mean) is then calculated, and this percent is the diffusion index number.
The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent,
the value which indicates that the same number of component industries had increased as had decreased. Index
numbers above 50 show that more industries had increasing employment, and values below 50 indicate that more
had decreasing employment. The margin between the percent that increased and the percent that decreased is equal
to the difference between the index and its complement,
i.e., 100 minus the index. For example, an index of 65 percent means that 30 percent more industries had increasing
employment than had
decreasing employment
[65-( 100-65) = 30]. However, for dispersion analysis, the
distance of the index number from the 50-percent reference point is the most significant observation.
Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpreted
as showing the percent of components that increased over
the time span, it should be remembered that the index reflects half of the unchanged components as well. (This is
the effect of assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged components when computing the index.)
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports of payrolls and hours for production and related
workers in manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries.
Production and related workers. This category includes
working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating,
processing, assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing,
handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling, maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use
(e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other services
closely associated with the above production operations.
Construction workers. This group includes the following
employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices,
helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations,

196



demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether working at
the site of construction or working in shops or yards at jobs
(such as precutting and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction trades.
Nonsupervisory employees. These are employees (not above
the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers,
attendants, line installers and repairers, laborers, janitors,
guards, and other employees at similar occupational levels
whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll. This refers to the payroll for full- and part-time
production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who
received pay for any part of the pay period which includes
the 12th day of the month. The payroll is reported before
deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds,
or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays,
vacation, and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses
(unless earned and paid regularly each pay period); other
pay not earned in the pay period reported (e.g., retroactive
pay); tips; and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other
payment in kind are excluded. Employee benefits (such as
health and other types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc., paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours. These are the hours paid for during the pay period
which includes the 12th of the month for production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours
paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is
received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours. These are hours worked by production or
related workers for which overtime premiums were paid
because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of
either the straight-time workday or the workweek during
the pay period which included the 12th of the month.
Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtime
premiums were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of premiums
were paid are excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates
to the average hours for which pay was received and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as
unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and
stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than
scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current

month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures
for 1982. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the
product of average weekly hours and production worker
or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum
of the component aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that
portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If
an employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular
rates, receiving as total compensation his or her holiday
pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no
overtime hours would be reported.
Because overtime hours are premium hours by definition, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily
move in the same direction from month to month. Such
factors as work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence on overtime hours as
on average hours. Diverse trends at the industry group level also may be caused by a marked change in hours for a
component industry where little or no overtime was
worked in both the previous and current months.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on a
"gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors as
premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changes
in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They also
reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers'
earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups
and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly
earnings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates.
Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated
period of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given
unit of work or time. The earnings series do not measure
the level of total labor costs on the part of the employer
since the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll
taxes paid by employers, and earnings for those employees
not covered under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage payments. These series are compiled only for aircraft (SIC
3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing. The same concepts and estimation methods apply to these series as apply to the average hourly
earnings series described above; the one difference between the series is definitional. The payroll data used to
calculate this series include lump-sum payments made to
production workers in lieu of general wage rate increases;
such payments are excluded from the definition of gross




payrolls used to calculate the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 and SIC
3761 covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data are adjusted to include a prorated portion of the
lump-sum payment. Such payments are generally made
once a year and cover the following 12-month period. In
order to spread the payment across this time period, a prorated portion of the payment is added to the payroll each
month. This prorated portion is adjusted by an exit rate to
reduce the lump-sum amount to account for persons who
received the payment but left before the payment allocation period expired.
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average
hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay are
computed by dividing the total production worker payroll
for the industry group by the sum of total production
worker hours and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime
rates other than time and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are
based on monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of
the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff assistants
(ICC group I) who received pay during the month. Average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours
are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid
for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Average weekly earnings are
derived by multiplying average weekly hours by average
hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average
hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are
affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings
but also by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time
workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover
during the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees are not paid may cause the average workweek to
fluctuate.
Long-term trends of average weekly earnings can be affected by structural changes in the makeup of the work
force. For example, persistent long-term increases in the
proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many
of the services industries have reduced average workweeks
in these industries and have affected the average weekly
earnings series.
Real earnings. These earnings are in constant dollars and
are calculated frpm the earnings averages for the current

197

month using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price
Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
(CPI-W). The reference year for these series is 1982.
ESTIMATING METHODS
The Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establishment survey estimates of employment are generated
through an annual benchmark and monthly sample link
procedure. Annual universe counts or benchmark levels
are generated primarily from administrative records on
employees covered by unemployment insurance (UI) tax
laws. These annual benchmarks, established for March of
each year, are projected forward for each subsequent
month based on the trend of the sample employment, using an estimation procedure called the link relative.
Benchmarks and sample link relatives are computed for
each of 1,690 basic estimation cells defined by industry,
size, and geography for the CES national estimates, and
summed to create aggregate level employment estimates.
Benchmarks
The establishment survey constructs annual benchmarks in order to realign the sample-based employment
totals for March of each year with the Ul-based population counts for March. These population counts are much
less timely than sample-based estimates; however, they
provide an annual point-in-time census for employment.
Population counts are derived from the administrative
file of employees covered by UI. All employers covered by
UI laws are required to report employment and wage information to the appropriate State employment security
agency four times a year. Approximately 99 percent of inscope private employment is covered by UI. A benchmark
for the remaining 1 percent is constructed from alternate
sources, primarily records from the Interstate Commerce
Commission and the Social Security Administration. The
full benchmark developed for March replaces the March
sample-based estimate, for each basic cell. The monthly
sample-based estimates for the year preceding and the year
following the benchmark are also then subject to revision.
Monthly estimates for the year preceding the March
benchmark are readjusted using a "wedge back" procedure. The difference between the final benchmark level
and the previously published March sample estimate is
calculated and spread back across the previous 11 months.
The wedge is linear; eleven-twelfths of the March difference is added to the February estimates, ten-twelfths to the
January estimates, and so on, back to the previous April
estimates which receive one-twelfth of the March difference. This assumes that the total estimation error since the
last benchmark accumulated at a steady rate throughout
the current benchmark year.
Estimates for the 11 months following the March
benchmark are also recalculated each year. These postbenchmark estimates reflect the application of sample-

198




based monthly changes to new benchmark levels for
March, and the recomputation of bias adjustment factors
for each month. Bias factors are updated to take into account the most recent experience of the estimates generated by the monthly sample versus the full universe counts
derived from the UI.
Following the revision of basic employment estimates,
all other derivative series (e.g., production workers, average hourly earnings) are also recalculated. New seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated and all data series for the
previous 5 years are reseasonally adjusted, prior to full
publication of all revised data in June of each year.
Monthly estimation
Estimates are derived from a sample of approximately
370,000 business establishments nationwide. A current
month's estimate is derived as the product of the previous
month's estimate and a sample link relative for the current
month. A bias adjustment factor is then applied to this result primarily to help account for new business births during the month.
Stratification. The sample is stratified into 1,690 basic estimation cells for purposes of computing national employment, hours, and earnings estimates. Cells are defined primarily by detailed industry, and secondarily by size for a
majority of cells. In a few industries, mostly within the
construction division, geographic stratification is also
used. Industry classification is in accordance with the
1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SIC);
most estimation cells are defined at the 4-digit SIC level.
This detailed stratification pattern allows for the production and publication of estimates in considerable industry detail. Sub-industry stratification by size is important because major statistics which the survey measures,
particularly employment change and average earnings, often vary significantly between establishments of different
size. Stratification reduces the variance of the published
industry level estimates.
Link relative technique. A ratio of the previous to the current month's employment is computed from a sample of
establishments reporting for both months—this ratio is
called a "link relative." For each basic cell, a link relative is
computed and applied to the previous month's employment estimate to derive the current month's estimate.
Thus a March benchmark is moved forward to the next
March benchmark through application of monthly link
relatives. Basic cell estimates created through the link relative technique are aggregated to form published industry
level estimates, for employment, as described in table 2-A.
Basic estimation and aggregation methods for the hours
and earnings data are also shown in table 2-A.
Bias adjustment. Bias adjustment factors are computed at
the 3-digit SIC level, and applied each month at the ba-

Table 2-A. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings

Employment, hours,
and earnings

Aggregate industry level (division
and, where stratified, industry)

Basic estimating cell (industry, region,
size or region/size cell)

Monthly data

All employees

All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of all employees in current month to
all employees in previous month, for sample
establishments which reported for both months.1

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women employees
All-employee estimate for current month multiplied
by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to all employees in sample establishments for
current month, (2) estimated ratio of women to all
employees.2

Sum of all-employee estimates for component
cells.

Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates, or estimates of women employees, for
component cells.

Average weekly hours

Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by number of production or nonsupervisory
workers.2

Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory worker employment, of the average weekly
hours for component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours . . . .

Production worker overtime hours divided by number of production workers.2

Average, weighted by production worker employment, of the average weekly overtime hours for
component cells.

Average hourly earnings

Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll
divided by total production or nonsupervisory
worker hours.2

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average hourly earnings for component cells.

Average weekly earnings

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Annual average data

All employees, women employees,
and production or nonsupervisory
workers
Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Average weekly hours

Average weekly overtime hours

Average hourly earnings

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or
nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by
average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of
employment.

Annual total of aggregate hours for production or
nonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum of
employment for these workers.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (production worker employment multiplied by average
weekly overtime hours) divided by annual sum of
employment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for production workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by
weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by annual aggregate hours.

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.

Average weekly earnings
1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by
bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in the
sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average
weekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly




earnings are modified by a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising mainly from the voluntary
character of the reporting. The wedging procedure accepts the
advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at
the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the
latest sample average.

199

sic cell level, as part of the standard estimation procedures.
The main purpose of bias adjustment is to reduce a primary source of nonsampling error in the survey, the inability
to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by
new firm births. There is a several month lag between an
establishment opening for business and its appearing on
the UI universe frame and being available for sampling.
Because new firms generate a portion of employment
growth each month of the year, nonsampling methods
must be used to capture this growth, otherwise substantial
under estimation of total employment levels would occur.
Formal bias adjustment procedures have been used by the
establishment survey since the late 1960's. Prior to the
1983 benchmark, bias adjustments were derived from a
simple mean error model, which averaged undercount errors for the previous 3 years to arrive at bias projections for
the coming year. The undercount errors were measured as
the difference between sample-based estimate results and
benchmark levels.
This procedure eventually proved inadequate during
periods of rapidly changing employment trends, and the
bias adjustment methodology was revised. Research done
- in the early 1980's indicated that bias requirements were
strongly correlated with current employment growth or
decline. Based on this research, a revised method was developed which incorporated the sample data on employment growth over the most recent two quarters, and a regression-derived coefficient for the significance of that
change, to adjust the mean error model results. This
change in methodology provided a more cyclically sensitive bias model. The regression-adjusted mean error model
has been in use since 1983, for the production of national
estimates.
The current model still has limitations in its ability to
react to changing economic conditions or changing error
structure relationships between the sample-based estimates and the UI universe counts. A principal limitation is
the inability to incorporate Ul universe counts as they become available on an ongoing basis, with a 6- to 9-month
lag from the reference period. Thus, the current quarterly
outputs from the model are subject to intervention analysis, and adjustments can be made to its results, prior to the
establishment of final bias levels for a quarter. Review is
done primarily in terms of detection of outlier (i.e. abnormally high or low) values, and by comparison of CES sample and bias trends with the most recent quarterly observations of UI universe counts. The BLS currently has under
study improved bias models using a Kalman filter technique, which would allow a more formal, structured incorporation of each quarter's UI universe counts in the bias
modeling process.
Although the primary function of bias adjustment is to
account for employment resulting from new business formations, it also adjusts for other elements of nonsampling
error in the survey, because the primary input to the mod-

200




eling procedure is total estimation error. Significant
among these nonsampling error sources is a business death
bias. When a sampled firm closes down, most often it simply does not respond to the survey that month, rather than
reporting zero employment. Followup with nonrespondents may reveal an out-of-business firm, but this information is often received too late to incorporate into monthly
estimates, and the firm is simply treated as a nonrespondent for that month.
Because the bias adjustments incorporated into the estimates represent a composite of a birth bias, death bias, and
a number of other differences between the sample-based
estimates and the population counts, the monthly bias adjustment levels have no specific economic meaning in and
of themselves.
Table 2-B summarizes bias adjustments made over the
past 10 years. The table displays the average monthly "bias
added" and the average monthly "bias required* with the
benchmark revisions for each year. Bias added shows the
average amount of bias which was added each month over
the course of an interbenchmark period. For example, the
bias added for 1984 is listed as 140,000; this represents the
average of bias adjustments made each month over the period April 1983 through May 1984. Bias required is computed retrospectively, after the March benchmark for a
given year is known. Bias required figures are calculated
by taking the difference between a March estimate derived
purely from the sample (i.e., a series calculated without
bias adjustment) and the March benchmark. Dividing this
figure by 12 gives the average monthly bias required figure. The bias required is thus defined as the amount of bias
adjustment which would have achieved a zero benchmark
error. The difference between the total bias required and
the total bias added is then, by definition, approximately
the benchmark revision amount, for any given year. Also
provided in the table for illustration, are the March-toMarch changes. As discussed above, the over-the-year
changes indicate correlation with the bias added and bias
required figures.

THE SAMPLE
Design
The emphasis in the establishment survey is on producing timely data at minimum cost. Therefore, the primary
goal of its design is to sample a sufficiently large segment
of the universe to provide reliable estimates that can be
published both promptly and regularly. The present sample allows BLS to produce preliminary total nonfarm employment estimates for each month, including some limited industry detail, within 3 weeks after the reference period, and data in considerably more detail with an additional one-month lag.
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is a

form of sampling with probability proportionate to size,
known as "sampling proportionate to average size of establishment." This is an optimum allocation design among
strata because sampling variance is proportional to the average size of establishments. The universe of establishment
employment is highly skewed, with a large percentage of
total employment concentrated in relatively few establishments. Because variance on a population total estimate is a
function of percentage universe coverage achieved by the
sample, it is efficient to sample larger establishments at a
higher rate than smaller establishments, assuming the cost
per sample unit is fairly constant across size classes.
Under the establishment survey design, large establishments fall into a certainty strata for sample selection. The
size of the sample for the various industries is determined
empirically on the basis of experience and cost considerations. For example, in a manufacturing industry with a
high proportion of total employment concentrated in a
small number of establishments, a larger percent of total
employment is included in the sample. Consequently, the
sample design for such industries provides for a complete
census of the large establishments, with a relatively few
chosen from among the smaller establishments. For an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is
concentrated in small establishments, the sample design
again calls for inclusion of all large establishments but also
for a more substantial number of smaller ones. Many industries in the trade and services divisions fall into this
category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by available resources, it is necessary to have a sample
design for these industries with a smaller proportion of total universe coverage than is the case for most manufacturing industries.

Coverage
The establishment survey is the largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social statistics. Table 2-C
shows the latest benchmark employment levels and the approximate proportion of total universe employment coverage, at the total nonfarm and major industry division levels. The coverage for individual industries within the divisions may vary from the proportions shown.
Reliability
The establishment survey, like other sample surveys, is
subject to two types of error, sampling and nonsampling
error. The magnitude of sampling error, or variance, is directly related to the size of the sample and the percentage
of universe coverage achieved by the sample. The establishment survey sample covers over one-third of total universe employment; this yields a very small variance on the
total nonfarm estimates. Measurements of error associated with sample estimates are provided in tables
2D-2G.
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error. The sum
of sampling and nonsampling error can be considered total
survey error. Unlike most sample surveys which publish
sampling error as their only measure of error, the CES can
derive an annual approximation of total error, on a lagged
basis, because of the availability of the independently
derived universe data. While the benchmark error is used
as a measure of total error for the CES«survey estimate,
technically, it actually represents the difference between
two independent estimates derived from separate survey
processes (i.e., the CES sample process and the UI universe process) and thus reflects the errors present in

Table 2-B. March employment benchmarks and bias adjustments for total private industries, March 1983-92
Benchmark

Average monthly bias

Year

1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992

Employment1

Revision2

Added3

Required4

72,043
76,371
79,446
81,204
83,173
86,180
89,015
90,546
88,790
88,347

-78
341
-131
-400
21
-310
-93
-261
-583
-130

102
140
152
149
98
114
131
85
61
33

96
169
141
116
99
88
123
63
12
22

1
Universe counts for March of each year used to make annual
benchmark adjustments to the employment estimates. About 99 percent of the benchmark employment is from unemployment insurance
administrative records, and the remaining 1 percent is from alternate
sources. Data represent benchmark levels as originally computed;
levels for 1983-90 were subsequently corrected.
2
Difference between the final March sample-based estimate and
the benchmark level for total private employment.
3
The average amount of bias adjustment each month over the




Over-the-year
employment
change5

-1,327
4,328
3,075
1,758
1,969
3,007
2,835
1,531
-1,756
-443

course of an inter-benchmark period, i.e., from April of the prior year
through March of the given year.
4
The difference between the March benchmark and the March estimate derived solely from the sample without bias adjustment, converted to a monthly amount by dividing by 12.
5
March-to-March changes in the benchmark employment level.
NOTE: Data in this table exclude government employment because there is no bias adjustment for this sector.

201

each program. Historically, the benchmark revision has
been very small for total nonfarm employment. Over the
past decade, percentage benchmark error has averaged 0.2
percent, with a range from zero to 0.6 percent. Table 2-D
shows the most current benchmark revisions, along with
10-year mean revisions and mean absolute revisions for
major industries. Mean revisions give an indication of bias
in the estimates; unbiased estimates have a mean revision
close to zero, as over and under estimations cancel out
over time. Mean absolute revisions give an overall indicator as to the accuracy of the estimates; the larger the value,
the further the estimate was from the final benchmark
level.
An alternate measure for determining the reliability of
the employment estimates for individual industries is the
root-mean-square error. This measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in the estimates:

RMSE = ' y (standard deviation)2 + (bias)2

If the bias is small, the chances are about 19 out of 20
that the difference would be less than twice the root mean
square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors of differences between final estimates and benchmarks are presented in table 2-E.
Noneconomic code changes. A major source of benchmark
revision at the major industry division level and below are
noneconomic code changes, which are introduced into the
universe data in the first quarter of each calendar year.
Approximately one-third of all establishments in the
universe are included in the universe program's annual
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) refiling survey.
Corrections to individual establishments SIC and ownership codes are made through this process. The refiling
cycle is such that every third year entire division(s) are
subject to refiling. The volume of these adjustments is generally quite large and has a substantial impact on universe
employment counts at the industry levels, although the total nonfarm employment level remains unaffected. For example, in a year when the services division is refiled, a substantial amount of employment is usually reclassified out
of services to other major divisions, thus, lowering the
benchmark level for services, and potentially causing a significant downward revision in the services employment totals previously published.
Hours and earnings. The hours and earnings estimates for
the basic estimating cells do not have universe data sources
available and therefore are not subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader groupings may be affected
slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and
202




earnings estimates, however, are subject to sampling errors, which may be expressed as relative errors of the estimates. (A relative error is a standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate.) Relative errors for major industries are presented in table 2-F and for individual industries
with the specified number of employees in table 2-E. The
chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours and earnings
estimates from the sample would differ by a smaller percentage than the relative error from the averages that
would have been obtained from a complete census.
Revisions between preliminary and final data. First preliminary estimates of employment, hours, and earnings, based
on less than the total sample, are published immediately
following the reference month. Final revised sample-based
estimates are published 2 months later when nearly all the
reports in the sample have been received. Table 2-G presents the root-mean-square error, the mean percent, and
the mean absolute percent revision that may be expected
between the preliminary and final employment estimates.
Table 2-C. Employment benchmarks and approximate coverage of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 1992
Sample coverage1

Industry

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade . . .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate . . .
Services
Government:
Federal
State
Local
1

Benchmarks
(thousands) Number of
establishments

Employees

Percent
of
Number
(thousands) benchmarks

107,300

308,646

41,726

39

634
4,117
17,973

3,723
25,786
56,010

276
831
8,967

44
20
50

15,743
26,002
62,769

2,308
1,149
4,534

41
19
24

6,534
28,586

22,709
72,661

2,122
7,253

32
25

2,974
4,494
11,485

(3)
5,586
17,657

2,974
3,656
7,656

100
81
67

5,655
5,993
18,855

2

Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Because not ail
establishments report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings estimates are based on a smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete count
of employ ment for Class I railroads. A small sample is used to estimate
hours and earnings data.
3
Total Federal employment counts by agency for use in national
estimates are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management.
Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State
and area estimates of Federal employment, are based on a sample of
5,623 reports covering about 60 percent of employment in Federal
establishments.

Table 2-D. Current (March 1992) and historical benchmark revisions
(Numbers in thousands)
10-year average
mean percent revision1

March 1992
benchmark revision
Industry
Level

Total
Total private

Percent

-0.1

-59

Actual

Absolute

-0.1

0.2

-130

-.1

-.2

.3

-.7

.7

Mining
Oil and gas extraction

-263
-5
-4

-1.2
-.8
-1.1

-2.5
-2.7

2.5
2.9

Construction
,
General building contractors

-109
-36

-2.6
-3.6

-.5
-.5

1.4
2.0

Manufacturing

-149

-.8

-.6

.7

-101
-12

-1.0
-1.8

9
-6
-11

1.9
-1.2
-1.6
-1.2

-.6
-1.2
-.3
-.4
-.7
-.1
-.7
-1.0
-1.1
.3
.7
-.5
-1.2

.7
1.4
.9
1.0
1.0
1.5
.9
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.3
1.7
1.3

-.6
-.8
-.3
-.4
-1.0
-.2
-.3
-.4
-.1
-.7
-2.3

.7
1.0
3.8

Goods-producing

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blastfurnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment .
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

-3
-12
-23
-22
-4
-1
-19
-2

-.9
-1.2
-1.4
-.2
-.1
-2.0
-.6

-48
-16
0
-7
-13
-1
-17
11
4
-5
-4

-.1
-1.1
1.0
2.5
-.6
-3.4

204

.2

-33
-33
0

-.6
-1.0
0

-.5
-.8
-.1

.6
1.2
.7

44
22
22

.7
.6
.9

-.4
-.7
.1

1.0
1.1
.8

164
85
0
-39
115

.9
3.6
0
-2.0
1.8

.3
.7
-.7
-.5
.8

.6
1.9
1.2
1.3
1.3

-100
-75
-7
-18

-1.5
-2.4
-.3
-1.4

-.5
-.7
0
-.5

.6
.8
.8
1.4

Services
Business services .
Health services . . .

58
2
20

.2
(2)
.2

.1
.3
-.5

.5
1.6

Government
Federal...
State . . . .
Local

71
0
27
44

.4
0
.6
.4

.1
0
.4
0

.3
0
.7
.4

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities . . . .
Transportation
Communications and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Auto dealers and service stations ..
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

1
Data relate to the 1983-92 benchmarks, as originally published.
Benchmark levels for 1982-90 were subsequently corrected.




-.6
-1.0
0
-1.0

-1.3

2

.6
1.3
.5

.9
.8
1.5
1.6
3.6
.3

.9

Less than 0.05 percent.

203

Table 2-E. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings

Size of employment
estimate

50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000
1
2

Root-meansquare
error of
employment
estimates1

Relative error2
(in percent)
Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

2.2
1.3
1.1
.9
.8
.5

4.0
2.3
2.0
1.6
1.2
.9

2,100
3,900
5,600
14,000
15,000
26,000

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

Table 2-F. Relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)
Relative error1
Industry

Average
weekly hours

Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
1

Average
hourly
earnings

0.1
1.0
.2
.1
.1
.1

0.2
1.3
.5
.2
.3
.2

.7
.2
.2

.6
.4
.4

.2
.4

.4
.6

Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

The interpretation of these measures is parallel to the description above for revisions between final sample-based
estimates and benchmarks (i.e., tables 2-C and 2-E).

204




Revisions of preliminary hours and earnings estimates
are normally not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly
hours and 1 cent for hourly earnings, at the total private
nonfarm level, and may be slightly larger for the more detailed industry groupings.

STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
(Tables B-8, B-9, and C-8)
As explained earlier, State agencies in cooperation with
BLS collect and prepare State and area employment,
hours, and earnings data. These statistics are based on the
same establishment reports used by BLS, however, BLS
uses the full CES sample to produce monthly national employment estimates, while each State agency uses its portion of the sample to independently develop a State employment estimate.
The CES area statistics relate to metropolitan areas.
Definitions for all areas are published each year in the issue of Employment and Earnings that contains State and
area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in
definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry
detail may be obtained from the State agencies listed on the
inside back cover of each issue.
Caution in aggregating State data. The national estimation
procedures used by BLS are designed to produce accurate
national data by detailed industry; correspondingly the
State estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each individual State. State estimates are not
forced to sum to national totals nor vice versa. Because
each State series is subject to larger sampling and nonsampling errors than the national series, summing them cumulates individual State level errors and can cause distortions
at an aggregate level. This has been a particular problem at
turning points in the U.S. economy, when the majority of
the individual State errors tend to be in the same direction.
Due to these statistical limitations, the Bureau does not
compile or publish a asum-of-States" employment series.
Additionally BLS cautions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure, particularly at turning points.

Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Mean percent revision
Root-mean-square error
of monthly level

Industry

Total
Total private

Actual

Absolute

78,200

0.0

0.1

55,500

0

0

17,900

0

.1

Mining
Oil and gas extraction

,
,

2,600
2,300

0
.1

.3
.4

Construction
General building contractors

,

10,800
4,600

.1
.1

.2
.2

Goods-producing industries

Manufacturing

12,500

Durable goods
,
Lumber and wood products
,
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
,
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment . . . .
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts1
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

9,300
1,500
1,400
1,300
1,800
1,400
2,200
3,000
3,300
4,500
3,800
1,600
1,900
1,500

0
0
0
0
-.1
-.2
0
0
0
-.1
0
-.1
0
0

.1
.2
.2
.2
.2
.4
.1
.1
.1
.2
.4
.2
.2
.3

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

7,000
4,300
600
1,800
2,800
1,500
1,800
1,800
800
1,700
900

0
0
.2
0
0
0
0
0
-.1
0
-.1

.1
.2
1.0
.2
.2
.2
.1
.1
.4
.2
.6

Service-producing industries

.1

71,700

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Trucking and warehousing1
Transportation by air1
Communications and public utilities

9,100
7,400
5,300
2,400
4,400

0
.0
0
-.1
-.1

.1
.2
.2
.3
.1

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

6,300
4,000
4,000

0
0
0

.1
.1
.1

27,500
13,800
6,200
4,400
6,800
8,000

0
0
0
0
0
0

.1
.4
.2
.1
.4
.1

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions1
Insurance
Real estate

7,400
4,800
3,700
3,200
4,000

0
0
-.1
0
.1

.1
.1
.1
.1
.2

Services
Agricultural services1
Hotels and other lodging places1
Personal services1
Business services
Personnel supply services1

32,900
2,900
6,300

0
0
0
-.1
.1
.3

.1
.5
.3
.6
.2
.5

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations . . .
Apparel and accessory stores1
Eating and drinking places




9,800
14,500

10,400

205

Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates—Continued
Mean percent revision
Industry

Root-mean-square error
of monthly level
Actual

Absolute

2,900
1,500
4,700
14,500
8,100
3,700
1,700
11,500
7,300
700
4,300
3,400

-.1
-.1
0
.7
0
0
-.1
0
0
-.4
0
0

.2
.3
1.0
1.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
.3
.8
.2
.1

47,000
15,100
19,100
30,000

0
.1
0
0

.2
.4
.3
.2

Service-producing industries—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking 1
Miscellaneous repair services1
Motion pictures1
Amusement and recreation services1
Health services
Hospitals1
Legal services1
Educational services1
Social services1
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens 1 . . .
Membership organizations1
Engineering and management services1
Government
Federal
State
Local

1

Data based on differences from January 1990 through December
1992.
NOTE: Errors are based on differences from January 1988 through

206




December 1992. Data used in the computations for several industries
are not strictly comparable due to changes in the industrial classification system, unless otherwise noted.

Productivity Data
(Tables C-9 through C-11)
COLLECTION
Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics from establishment and household survey labor
input data and from measures of compensation and output
supplied by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the
Federal Reserve Board.
CONCEPTS
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonfarm
establishments (table C-9) refer to hours paid for all
employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers. For productivity and cost
measures (tables C-10, 11), hours of all persons include
hours of employees, proprietors, and unpaid family
workers. Labor input is measured by hours at the worksite.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final
goods and services produced in a given period. Indexes of
output per hour of all persons (productivity) measure
changes in the volume of goods and services produced per
hour at work.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries of
employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private benefit plans. The data also include an
estimate of wages, salaries, and supplementary payments
for the self-employed, except for nonfinancial corporations, in which there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per hour
adjusted by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost required to produce one unit of output and are derived by
dividing compensation per hour by output per hour.
Unit nonlabor payments include profits, capital consumption allowances, interest, rental income of persons,




and indirect taxes per unit of output. They are computed
by subtracting compensation of all persons from the
current-dollar gross product originating in the sector and
dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor payments except
unit profits.
Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory
valuation and capital consumption adjustments per unit of
output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the current-dollar estimate of gross product by the constantdollar estimate, making the deflator, in effect, a price index
for the gross product of the sector reported.
NOTES ON THE DATA
For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector,
these indexes relate to the gross domestic product less
general government, households and institutions, owneroccupied housing, and the statistical discrepancy. For the
nonfinancial corporate sector, the indexes refer to the
gross domestic product of nonfinancial corporate
business. All measures are seasonally adjusted.
Manufacturing output data are supplied by the Bureau
of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce,
and the Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly measures have
been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to annual
estimates of output (gross product originating) from the
Bureau of Economic Analysis.
Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81, BLS
Bulletin 2178. Additional information may be obtained
from the Office of Productivity and Technology
(202-606-5606).

207

Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data
(Tables D-1 through D-3)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under
Federal assistance programs are developed by State employment security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative program. The local unemployment estimates which
derive from standardized procedures developed by BLS
are the basis for determining eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal programs such as the Job Training and
Partnership Act, the Economic Dislocation and Worker
Adjustment Assistance Act, and the Urban Development
Action Grant program.
Annual average data for the States and areas shown in
table D-3 are published in Employment and Earnings
(usually the May issue). For regions, States, selected metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual average data
classified by selected demographic, social, and economic
characteristics are published in the BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other
small areas have been prepared for administration of
various Federal economic assistance programs and may be
ordered from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
The report "Unemployment in States and Local Areas" is
published monthly through GPO and is available in
microfiche form only, on a subscription basis.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment
estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, and over 2,600 labor market areas. The
estimation methods are described below for States (and the
District of Columbia) and for sub-State areas. A more detailed description of the estimation procedure is contained
in the BLS document, Manual for Developing Local Area
Unemployment Statistics.
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force and
unemployment estimates for the 11 largest States—California, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New
Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania,
and Texas—are sufficiently reliable to be taken directly
from the Current Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly
basis. These are termed "direct-use States." For a description of the CPS concepts, see "Household Data,"
above.
208




For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia,
which do not use the CPS directly each month, regression
models (sets of equations) are used to develop employment
and unemployment estimates. These are the "non-directuse" States. The regression techniques are based on historical and current relationships found within each State's
economy as reflected in the different sources of data that
are available for each State—the CPS, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey, and the unemployment
insurance (UI) system. When the estimation procedures
were introduced in 1989, over 10 years of data were used to
develop the equations for each State. While all the State
models have important variables in common, they differ
somewhat from one another so as to better reflect
individual State characteristics.
Two models—one for employment and one for the unemployment rate—are used for each State. The unemployment rate, rather than the unemployment level, is modeled
primarily because the rate is usually more meaningful for
economic analysis.
The employment models use the CES estimates of nonfarm wage and salary jobs and also include data for
employed persons not covered or only partially covered by
the CES survey. Typically, these are agricultural workers,
the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private
household workers.
The unemployment rate models also include different
types of data. Data for UI claimants (without earnings due
to employment) are used to represent most of the experienced unemployed. The models also include an employment-to-population ratio which reflects both the business
cycle and the experienced unemployed not covered by the
UI claims data. New entrants and reentrants into the labor
force are also addressed in the models. For some States,
the models include variables which adjust for seasonal factors not reflected in the other data used, such as the large
increase in the labor force at the end of the school year.
In both the employment and unemployment rate
models, an important feature is the use of a technique that
allows the equations to adjust automatically to structural
changes that occur. The models are termed "variable coefficient models" because they include a built-in tuning
mechanism, known as the Kalman Filter, which revises a
model's coefficients when the new data that become available each month indicate that changes in the data relationships have taken place. Once the estimates are developed
from the models, the unemployment level and labor force
estimates are calculated.
Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year,
monthly estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and the
District of Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, by

BLS to the annual average CPS estimates. The benchmarking technique employs a procedure (called the
Denton method) which adjusts the annual average of the
models to equal the CPS annual average, while preserving,
as much as possible, the original monthly seasonal pattern
of the model estimates.
In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction is
required; the average of the 12 monthly State CPS
estimates will equal the CPS annual averages.
Estimates for sub-State areas
Monthly labor force and employment estimates for two
large sub-State areas—New York City and the Los
Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area—are obtained directly from the CPS. Estimates for all other sub-State
areas, more than 2,600 labor market areas (LMA's), are
prepared through indirect estimation techniques,
described below.
Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilian employment estimates are based on CES data. These "placeof-work" estimates must be adjusted to refer to place of
residence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from
place of work to place of residence have been developed for
several categories of employment on the basis of employment relationships at the time of the 1980 decennial
census. These factors are applied to the CES estimates for
the current period to obtain adjusted employment esti-




mates, to which are added estimates for employment not
represented in the CES—agricultural employees, nonagricultural self-employed and unpaid family workers, and
private household workers.
Preliminary estimate—unemployment In the current
month, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of
the estimates for each of three categories: (1) Persons who
were previously employed in industries covered by State
UI laws; (2) those previously employed in industries not
covered by these laws; and (3) those who were entering the
civilian labor force for the first time or reentering after a
period of separation.
Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employment and unemployment are prepared for the State and
LMA's within the State. The LMA estimates geographically exhaust the entire State. Thus, a proportional adjustment must be applied to all sub-State LMA estimates to
ensure that they add to the independently estimated State
totals for employment and unemployment.
Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State
estimates are revised. The revisions incorporate any
changes in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based
employment figures, corrections in claims counts, and updated historical relationships. The corrected estimates are
then readjusted to add to the revised (benchmarked) State
estimates of employment and unemployment.

209

Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp
fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in
weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major
holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. Because
these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical
and other nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important
to note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted
estimates have a broader margin of possible error than the
original data on which they are based, because they are
subject not only to sampling and other errors but are also
affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment
process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor
force and establishment-based data are published monthly
in Employment and Earnings.
Since January 1980, national labor force data have been
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-l 1 ARIMA
(Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was
developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the
standard X-l 1 method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment
Method by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada
Catalogue No. 12-564E, January 1983.
At the beginning of each calendar year, projected
seasonal adjustment factors are calculated for use during
the January-June period. In July of each year, BLS calculates and publishes in Employment and Earnings projected
seasonal adjustment factors for use in the second half,
based on the experience through June. Revisions of
historical data for the most recent 5 years are made only at
the beginning of each calendar year. However, as a result
of the revisions to the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980
census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted
series in early 1982 were carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates,
are computed by aggregating independently adjusted
series. For example, for each of the three major labor force
components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural
employment, arid unemployment—data for four sex-age
groups (men and women under and over 20 years of age)
are separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then
added to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum of eight
seasonally adjusted civilian employment components,
plus the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for
seasonality), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment
210




components. The total for unemployment is the sum of the
four unemployment components, and the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate
of total unemployment by the estimate of the labor force.
Because of the independent seasonal adjustment of various
series, components will not necessarily add to totals.
In each January issue, Employment and Earnings
publishes revised seasonally adjusted data for selected
labor force series based on the experience through
December, new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to
calculate the civilian unemployment estimate for thefirst6
months of the following year, and a description of the
current seasonal adjustment procedure. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the revision period for a broader
range of labor force series are published in the February
issue of this publication.
Beginning in 1992, BLS introduced publication of
seasonally adjusted labor force data for the census regions
and divisions, the 50 States, and the District of Columbia,
(tables D-l and D-2). Using the X-l 1 ARIMA procedure,
seasonal adjustment factors are computed and applied independently to the component employment and unemployment levels and then aggregated to regional or State
totals. Current seasonal adjustment factors are produced
for 6-month periods twice a year. Historical revisions are
made at the beginning of each calendar year. Because of
the separate processing procedures, totals for the Nation
as a whole differ from the results obtained by aggregating
regional or State data.
Since the early 1980's, BLS has also used the X-ll
ARIMA procedure to seasonally adjust establishmentbased employment, hours, and earnings data. The X-ll
ARIMA program had been run once each year after
benchmarking and seasonal adjustment factors had been
projected and published for 12 months ahead (AprilMarch). Beginning in June 1989, with the introduction of
the March 1988 benchmarks, the Bureau modified this
procedure to parallel that used in seasonally adjusting
household survey data. Projected seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated and published twice a year.
Revisions of historical data will continue to be made once
a year, coincident with benchmark revisions.
All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative models under X-ll ARIMA. For employment,
seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to the
component levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for hours and
earnings series are obtained by taking a weighted average
of the seasonally adjusted data for the component series.
Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the
product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings
and seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average
weekly earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted,
are obtained by dividing average weekly earnings, season-

ally adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price
Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
(CPI-W), and multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate
weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, by
production or nonsupervisory workers, seasonally
adjusted, and dividing by the 1982 annual average base.
For total private, total goods-producing, total private
service-producing, and major industry divisions, the
indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted,
are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component
industries and dividing by the 1982 annual average base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number
of series characterized by small seasonal components
relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components.
These failed or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series,
however, are used in the aggregation to broader level
seasonally adjusted series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government
employment are derived from unadjusted data which
include Christmas temporary workers employed by the
Postal Service. The number of temporary census workers

*U.S. G.P.0.:1993-301-186:80012




for the decennial census, however, are removed prior to
the calculation of seasonal adjustment factors.
BLS has developed an extension of X-ll ARIMA to
allow it to adjust more adequately for the effects of the
presence or absence of religious holidays in the April
survey reference period and of Labor Day in the
September reference period. This extension was applied
for the first time at the end of 1989 to three persons-at-work labor force series which tested as having significant and well-defined effects in their April data
associated with the timing of Easter. This extension was
also used for the seasonal adjustment of many of the establishment-based series on average weekly hours and manufacturing over-time hours, starting with the computation
of the projected factors for the period beginning in April
1990.
Revised seasonally adjusted establishment-based series
based on the experience through March 1993, new
seasonal adjustment factors for May-October 1993, and a
description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure
appear in the June 1993 issue of Employment and
Earnings.

211

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Regional Office

REGION I—BOSTON
1 Congress Street
10th Floor
Boston, MA 02114
Phone: (617) 565-2327
REGION II—NEW YORK
Room 808
201 Varick Street
New York, NY 10014
Phone: (212) 337-2400

Cooperating State Agencies
Current Employment Statistics (CES) and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Programs
BLS
Region

BLS
Region

IV

VIII MONTANA

X
IX
VI
IX

VIII

REGION Ill-PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, PA 19101
Phone: (215) 596-1154

I

REGION IV—ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street, NE.
Atlanta, GA 30367
Phone: (404) 347-4416

III

REGION V—CHICAGO
9th Floor
230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604
Phone: (312) 353-1880
REGION VI-DALLAS
Room 221
Federal Building
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, TX 75202
Phone: (214) 767-6970
REGIONS VII and VIMKANSAS CITY
15th Floor
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, MO 64106
Phone: (816) 426-2481
REGIONS IX and X—
SAN FRANCISCO
71 Stevenson Street
P.O. Box 193766
San Francisco, CA 94119
Phone: (415)744-6600




III

IV

IV

IX

X
V
V

VII
VII
IV

VI

I

III

I

V

V

IV

VII

ALABAMA

Department of Industrial Relations, Room 427,
Industrial Relations Bldg., Montgomery 36130
ALASKA
Department of Labor, Research and Analysis
Section, 1111 West 8th St., Juneau 99802-550
ARIZONA
Department of Economic Security, 1300 West
Washington St., Phoenix 85005
ARKANSAS
Employment Security DepartmentP.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 72203-2981
CALIFORNIA
Employment Development Department, Employment Data and Research Division, 7000
Franklin Blvd., Bldg. 1100, Sacramento 95823
COLORADO
Department of Labor and Employment, Suite
801, 1120 Lincoln Street, Denver 80203
CONNECTICUT
Labor Department, Employment Security
Division, 200 Folly Brook Blvd,
Wethersfield 06109
DELAWARE
Department of Labor, Office of Occupational
and Labor Market Information, P.O. Box 9029,
Newark 19714-9029
DIST. OF COL.
Department of Employment Services, Division
of Labor Market Information and Analysis,
Room 201, 500 C St., NW., Washington,
DC 20001
FLORIDA
Florida Department of Labor and Employment
Security, Bureau of Labor Market Information,
Suite 203, 2574 Seagate Dr., Tallahassee
32399-0674
GEORGIA
Department of Labor, Labor Information
Systems, 148 International Blvd., NE.,
Atlanta 30303
HAWAII
Department of Labor and Industrial Relations,
Research and Statistics Office, Room 304,
830 Punchbowl St., Honolulu 96813
IDAHO
Department of Employment, 317 Main St.,
Boise 83735
ILLINOIS
Department of Employment Security, (2 South),
401 South State St., Chicago 60605
INDIANA
Department of Employment and Training
Services, Statistical Services Division,
10 North Senate Avenue,
Indianapolis 46204
IOWA
Department of Employment Services, 1000 East
Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
KANSAS
Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka
Avenue, Topeka 66603
KENTUCKY
Department for Employment Services, Labor
Market Research and Analysis Branch,
275 East Main St., Frankfort 40621
LOUISIANA
Department of Labor, Research and Statistics
Section, 1001 North 23rd St., Baton Rouge
70804-9094
MAINE
Department of Labor, Division of Economic
Analysis and Research, 20 Union St.,
Augusta 04330
MARYLAND
Department of Employment and Training,
Research and Analysis Division, 1100 North
Eutaw St., Baltimore 21201
MASSACHUSETTS Department of Employment and"Training,
Government Center, Charles F. Hurley Bldg.,
Boston 02114
MICHIGAN
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Statistics Division, Room 516, 7310
Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
MINNESOTA
Department of Jobs and Training, Research
and Statistics Division, 5th Fl., 390 North
Robert St., St. Paul 55101
MISSISSIPPI
Employment Security Commission, Labor
Market Information Division, P.O. Box 1699,
Jackson 39215-1699
MISSOURI
Division of Employment Security, P.O. Box 59,
Jefferson City 65104

Department of Labor and Industry, P.O. Box
1728, Helena 59624
VII NEBRASKA
Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln
68509-4600
IX NEVADA
Employment Security Department, 500 East
3rd St., Carson City 89713
I
NEW HAMPSHIRE Department of Employment Security, 32 South
Main St., Concord 03301
II
NEW JERSEY
Department of Labor, Division of Planning and
Research, P.O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625
VI NEW MEXICO
Employment Security Commission, 401 Broadway, TIWA Bldg., Albuquerque 87103
II
NEW YORK
Department of Labor, Division of Research and
Statistics, State Campus, Room 400, Bldg. 12,
Albany 12240-0020
IV NORTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Box 25903,
Raleigh 27611
VIII NORTH DAKOTA Job Service, P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58502
V OHIO
Bureau of Employment Services, Labor Market
Information Division, 1160 Dublin Rd.,
Columbus 43215
VI OKLAHOMA
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Planning Division, 2401 North Lincoln,
Oklahoma City 73105
X OREGON
Employment Division, 875 Union St., NE.,
Salem 97311
III PENNSYLVANIA
Department of Labor and Industry, Research
and Statistics Division, Room 1216, 7th
and Forster Sts., Harrisburg 17121
II
PUERTO RICO
Department of Labor and Human Resources,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, 17th Fl., 505 Munoz
Rivera Avenue, Hato Rey 00918 (CES), Bureau
of Employment Security, Research and Analysis
Section, 15th Fl., 505 Munoz Rivera Avenue,
Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
I
RHODE ISLAND
Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason
St., Providence 02903
IV SOUTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Box 995,
Columbia 29202
VIII SOUTH DAKOTA Department of Labor, Labor Market Information
Center, P.O. Box 4730, Aberdeen 57401
IV TENNESSEE
Department of Employment Security, Research
and Statistics Division, 519 Cordell Hull Office
Bldg., Nashville 37219
VI TEXAS
Employment Commission, Room 208-T, 1117
Trinity St., Austin 78778
Department of Employment Security, Labor
VIII UTAH
Market Information Services, P.O. Box 11249,
Salt Lake City 84147
Department of Employment and Training, Office
I
VERMONT
of Policy and Public Information, P.O. Box 488,
Montpelier 05602
Employment Commission, Economic Information
III VIRGINIA
Services, P.O. Box 1358, Richmond 23211
Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics,
53-A, 54-A&B Kronprindsens Gade Charlotte
II VIRGIN ISLANDS
Amalie, St. Thomas 00801-3359 (CES)
Employment Security Department, Labor Market
and Economic Analysis Branch, 605 Woodview
X WASHINGTON
Dr., Olympia 98503
Department of Employment Security, Division
of Labor and Economic Security, 112 California
III WEST VIRGINIA
Avenue, Charleston 25305
Department of Industry, Labor, and Human
Relations, Labor Market Information Bureau,
V WISCONSIN
201 East Washington Avenue, Madison 53707
Employment Security Commission, Research
and Analysis Section, P.O. Box 2760,
VIII WYOMING
Casper 82602