Full text of Employment and Earnings : October 1987

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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics




October 1987

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
William E. Brock, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of
Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of
Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in
cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief
description of the cooperative statistical programs of the
BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory
Notes. The State agencies are listed on the inside back
cover.
Employment and Earnings may be ordered through the
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Calendar of Features
In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.

Household data
Annual averages
Union affiliation
Revised seasonally adjusted series

Establishment data
National annual averages:
Industry divisions (preliminary)

Material in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without
permission.

Jan.

Industry detail (final)

Mar.

Women employees (final)

Mar.

National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and new
seasonal adjustment factors

Second class postage paid at Washington, DC, and at
additional mailing addresses.




Jan., Feb.

Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons
not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin,
Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans, family
relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty
area data
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.

Communications on material in this publication should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and Earnings,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC 20212, or
phone: Gloria P. Green (202) 523-1959. Send correspondence on circulation and subscription matters (including address changes) to the Superintendent of
Documents.

ISSN 0013-6840

Jan.
Jan.

June

Revised historical national data

Supplement1

State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

May

State and area labor force data
Annual averages

1

The latest supplement was published in July 1987.

May

Employment and Earnings
Vol. 34 No. 10 October 1987
Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Rosalie K. Epstein

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Employment and unemployment developments, September 1987

2
5

Statistical tables:

Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Quarterly averages
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
State and area labor force data
Seasonally adjusted—
Household data
Quarterly averages
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
Productivity data
Explanatory notes




10
54
76
Ill
143

37
44
88
132
140
148

MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page

Employment Status
AAAAAAA-

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

A- 8.
A- 9.
A-10.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to d a t e . . . . . .
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1976 to date .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date ,
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by
school enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin.
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age .
Employed and unemployed full-and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
Employment status of persons in families by family relationship .

7
8
9
10

^
^
^
^
*°
^

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-l 1.
A-12.
A-13.
A-14.
A-15.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.

Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed

persons by marital status, race, age, and sex .
persons by occupation and sex .
persons by industry and s e x . . .
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment.
persons by duration of unemployment
persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment.
jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods u s e d . . .
...
jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used .

20
21
22
23
24
24
25
26
27
27

Characteristics of the Employed
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.

Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex.
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age .
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex..
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker .
Employed civilians by industry and occupation.
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status.
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry ..
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status.
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class pf worker and full- or part-time
status..
. . . .
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status
. . . . . . .
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status .

28
29
30
31
32
32
33
33
34
35
36

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.




Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed
in the United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted . . .
.....
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age,
seasonally adjusted
...
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age,
and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted .
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted...
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted. t
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted.
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted.

37
38
39
40
41
41
42
42
43
43

QUARTERLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-42.
A-43.
A-44.
A-45.
A-46.
A-47,
A-48.
A-49.
A-50.
A-51.
A-52.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed in the
United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted . . . .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and Hispanic origin,
seasonally adjusted
Employed and unemployed full-and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted

44
45
46
48
49
50
50
51
51
52
52

Persons Not in the Labor Force
A-53.
A-54.
A-55.
A-56.
A-57.

Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and race, seasonally adjusted
Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and age
Persons not in the labor force by reason, race, Hispanic origin, age, and sex
Persons not in the labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by reason, sex,
age, race, and Hispanic origin
Work-seeking intentions of persons not in the labor force and work history of those who intend to
seek work within the next 12 months by sex, age, and race

53
54
55
56
57

Race and Hispanic Origin Data
A-58.
A-59.
A-60.
A-61.
A-62.
A-63.
A-64.
A-65.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin ..
Employment status of persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by sex and age
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and
economic categories
Employed civilians by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin

58
59
60
61
62
62
63
63

Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans Data
A-66.
A-67.

Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin ..

64
64

Family Relationship and Weekly Earnings Data
A-68.
A-69.
A-70.
A-71.
A-72.
A-73.
A-74.
A-75.

Unemployment in families by type of family, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Unemployed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Employed civilians by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of additional
employed family members
Median weekly earnings of families by type of family, number of earners, race, and Hispanic origin . . .
Families with unemployed members and wage and salary workers by type of family and median
weekly earnings
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex

65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

Metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and Poverty-nonpoverty Area Data
A-76.
A-77.




Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan,
urban, and rural areas by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race
and Hispanic origin

73
74

MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Page

Employment—National
BBBB-

1.
2.
3.
4.

B- 5.
B- 6.
B- 7.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1935 to date .
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry ..
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted .
...
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased, seasonally adjusted.

75
76
87
88
89
90
91

Employment—States and Areas
B- 8.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

92

Hours and Earnings—National
C- 1.
C- 2.

C- 2a.
C- 3.
C- 4.
C- 5.
C- 6.
C- 7.

Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by detailed industry
Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing . . .
_.....*..
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars .
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted . . . . . .
..
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted .
The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or
nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted .

Ill
114
130
131
131
132
133
134

Hours and Earnings—States and Areas
C- 8.

Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and
selected areas .

135

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
C- 9.
C-10.
C-ll.

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry,
seasonally adjusted
..............
...
Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted .
Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates .

140
141
142

MONTHLY STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
D- 1.




Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas .

143

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, September 1987

Unemployment was little changed in September. The overall unemployment rate was 5.8 percent, and the rate for
civilian workers was 5.9 percent. Both rates were 1.1 percentage points lower than a year earlier, with the improvement having been particularly strong since February.
The number of nonagricultural payroll jobs—as measured
by the monthly survey of business establishments—edged up
about 130,000, after seasonal adjustment. Total civilian
employment—as measured by the monthly survey of
households—declined by 310,000, following an increase of
a similar magnitude in August. Over the past year, employment levels in the establishment and household series have
advanced by 2.4 and 2.8 million, respectively.
Unemployment
Both the number of unemployed persons in
September—7.1 million—and the civilian worker unemployment rate—5.9 percent—were little changed from August,
after seasonal adjustment. Similarly, jobless rates for adult
men (5.0 percent), adult women (5.4 percent), teenagers
(16.3 percent), whites (5.1 percent), blacks (12.3 percent),
and Hispanics (8.2 percent) showed little or no over-themonth change. (See tables A-33 and A-34.)
The mean duration of unemployment, at 14.2 weeks, was
also little changed in September, while median duration
declined to 5.7 weeks. In recent months, both measures have
edged down below levels posted earlier this year. (See table
A-40.)
Civilian employment and the labor force
Total civilian employment declined more than usual in
September and, after adjustment for seasonality, was down
310,000 to 112.8 million, offsetting an increase of similar
magnitude in August. The August increase and September
decline can be largely traced to the pattern of youth employment this summer. Teenage employment normally declines
markedly (before seasonal adjustment) during the months of
August and especially September, as young workers leave
summer jobs in preparation for their return to school. This
year, however, an unusually large group of teenagers
remained in their jobs through the August reference week.
This resulted in the unusually large seasonally adjusted
increase in youth employment in August and the decline of
similar magnitude in September.




Reflecting these developments, the percentage of the total
civilian population that is employed—the employmentpopulation ratio—receded to 61.6 percent in September, the
same as in July. (See table A-33.)
After seasonal adjustment, the civilian labor force declined
by 440,000 in September to 119.9 million; this drop also
was confined largely to teenagers. With this decline, the labor
force participation rate fell to 65.4 percent, still high by
historical standards. The labor force has grown by 1.6
million over the past year.
Discouraged workers
At 1.0 million in the third quarter, the number of discouraged workers—persons who report that they want to
work but are not looking for jobs because they believe they
cannot find any—was little changed from the level for the
second quarter. Blacks and women continue to be disproportionately represented among the discouraged. (See table
A-53.)
Industry payroll employment
The number of nonagricultural payroll jobs edged up
130,000 in September to 102.4 million, seasonally adjusted.
The figures were dampened by the absence from payrolls
of about 65,000 teachers and support workers due to labor
disputes. (See table B-4.)
Manufacturing employment rose by 55,000 in September
to 19.2 million, seasonally adjusted, as growth was
widespread in both the durable and nondurable goods
components. Job gains were particularly notable in primary
metals and machinery. Factory employment increases have
totaled 165,000 since June, raising the employment level to
its highest point since August 1985.
Elsewhere in the goods sector, employment in mining continued its gradual recovery. Growth in the industry has
totaled 40,000 since its January low, mostly in its oil and
gas extraction component. In contrast, construction employment declined by 35,000 in September and was down by
60,000 so far this year.
In the service-producing sector, employment growth was
generally moderate in September. Job gains were unusually
slow in the services industry, which increased by 35,000,
compared with an average increase of close to 90,000 over
the current expansion. There was no increase at all in finance,
5

insurance, and real estate; wholesale trade; and government,
where employment was held down by teacher strikes. In
contrast, retail trade employment increased by 70,000, more
than offsetting the small decline of the previous month.
Weekly hours
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls was down 0.3
hour to 34.6 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing
workweek dropped by 0.6 hour to 40.4, and factory overtime fell by 0.2 hour to 3.6 hours. These declines reflected
the unusual occurrence of Labor Day in the survey period,
as some employees were not paid for the holiday and others
worked fewer overtime hours.
As a result of the decline in the average workweek, the
index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls dropped
by 0.8 percent to 120.2 (1977 = 100), seasonally adjusted.
(See table C-6.)




Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings were unchanged in September,
while average weekly earnings fell by 0.9 percent, seasonally
adjusted, also reflecting the decline in the workweek. Prior
to seasonal adjustment, hourly earnings increased by 12 cents
to $9.06, and weekly earnings were down $1.20 to $314.38.
(See tables C-l and C-7.)
The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 174.7 (1977 = 100)
in September, seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.3 percent from August. For the 12 months ended in September,
the increase was 2.9 percent. The HEI excludes the effects
of two types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate
movements—fluctuations in manufacturing overtime and
interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI decreased 1.6 percent during the
12-month period ended in August. (See table C-7.)

Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month
October
November
December

Release date
November 6
December 4
January 8

Reference month
January
February
March

Release date
February 5
March 4
April 1

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Year
and
month

Noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Civilian
Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
19531
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959

109,287
110,463
111,747
112,919
114,213
115,574
117,117

65,246
65,785
67,087
68,517
68,877
69,486
70,157

59.7
59.6
60.0
60.7
60.3
60.1
59.9

63,410
62,251
64,234
65,764
66,019
64,883
66,418

2,231
2,142
2,064
1,965
1,948
1,847
1,788

61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

6,260
6,205
6,450
6,283
5,947
5,586
5,565

54,919
53,904
55,722
57,514
58,123
57,450
59,065

1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

2.8
5.4
4.3
4.0
4.2
6.6
5.3

44,041
44,678
44,660
44,402
45,336
46,088
46,960

I9601
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

119,106
120,671
122,214
124,422
126,503
128,459
130,180
132,092
134,281
136,573

71,489
72,359
72,675
73,839
75,109
76,401
77,892
79,565
80,990
82,972

60.0
60.0
59.5
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.8
60.2
60.3
60.8

67,639
67,646
68,763
69,768
71,323
73,034
75,017
76,590
78,173
80,140

1,861
1,900
2,061
2,006
2,018
1,946
2,122
2,218
2,253
2,238

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.4
6.5
5.4
5.5
5.0
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.4

47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602

1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979

139,203
142,189
145,939
148,870
151,841
154,831
157,818
160,689
163,541
166,460

84,889
86,355
88,847
91,203
93,670
95,453
97,826
100,665
103,882
106,559

61.0
60.7
60.9
61.3
61.7
61.6
62.0
62.6
63.5
64.0

80,796
81,340
83,966
86,838
88,515
87,524
90,420
93,673
97,679
100,421

2,118
1,973
1,813
1,774
1,721
1,678
1,668
1,656
1,631
1,597

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.8
5.8
5.5
4.8
5.5
8.3
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8

54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861

169,349
171,775
173,939
175,891
178,080
179,912
182,293

108,544
110,315
111,872
113,226
115,241
117,167
119,540

64.1
64.2
64.3
64.4
64.7
65.1
65.6

100,907
102,042
101,194
102,510
106,702
108,856
111,303

1,604
1,645
1,668
1,676
1,697
1,706
1,706

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237

7.0
7.5
9.5
9.5
7.4
7.1
6.9

60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
September
October ....
November
December

182,713
182,935
183,114
183,297

119,988
120,163
120,426
120,336

65.7
65.7
65.8
65.7

111,703
111,941
112,183
112,387

1,716
1,749
1,751
1,750

109,987
110,192
110,432
110,637

3,142
3,162
3,215
3,161

106,845
107,030
107,217
107,476

8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949

6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6

62,725
62,772
62,688
62,961

1987:
January ....
February...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September

183,575
183,738
183,915
184,079
184,259
184,421
184,605
184,738
184,904

120,782
121,089
120,958
121,070
121,719
121,235
121,672
122,038
121,604

65.8
65.9
65.8
65.8
66.1
65.7
65.9
66.1
65.8

112,759
113,122
113,104
113,570
114,173
113,975
114,447
114,817
114,515

1,748
1,740
1,736
1,735
1,726
1,718
1,720
1,736
1,743

111,011
111,382
111,368
111,835
112,447
112,257
112,727
113,081
112,772

3,145
3,236
3,284
3,290
3,335
3,178
3,219
3,092
3,170

107,866
108,146
108,084
108,545
109,112
109,079
109,508
109,989
109,602

8,023
7,967
7,854
7,500
7,546
7,260
7,224
7,221
7,089

6.6
6.6
6.5
6.2
6.2
6.0
5.9
5.9
5.8

62,793
62,649
62,957
63,009
62,540
63,187
62,933
62,700
63,300

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for




seasonal variation.
NOTE: Revisions of seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data
(shown in tables A-1 through A-3 and A-32 through A-53) for the most
recent 5-year period are made at the end of each calendar year.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the noninstltutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1976 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force

Sex, year,
and month

Noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Civilian

Resident
Armed
Forces

Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
MEN
1976
1977
19781
1979

75,341
76,756
78,107
79,509

58,756
59,959
61,151
62,215

78.0
78.1
78.3
78.2

54,720
56,291
58,010
59,096

1,582
1,563
1,531
1,489

53,138
54,728
56,479
57,607

2,744
2,671
2,718
2,686

50,394
52,057
53,761
54,921

4,036
3,667
3,142
3,120

6.9
6.1
5.1
5.0

16,585
16,797
16,956
17,293

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861

80,877
82,023
83,052
84,064
85,156
86,025
87,349

62,932
63,486
63,979
64,580
65,386
65,967
66,973

77.8
77.4
77.0
76.8
76.8
76.7
76.7

58,665
58,909
57,800
58,320
60,642
61,447
62,443

1,479
1,512
1,529
1,533
1,551
1,556
1,551

57,186
57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892

2,709
2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511

54,477
54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381

4,267
4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530

6.8
7.2
9.7
9.7
7.3
6.9
6.8

17,945
18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
September
October
November.
December.

87,556
87,682
87,773
87,868

67,128
67,130
67,407
67,425

76.7
76.6
76.8
76.7

62,528
62,565
62,833
62,986

1,560
1,590
1,592
1,593

60,968
60,975
61,241
61,393

2,495
2,513
2,506
2,489

58,473
58,462
58,735
58,904

4,600
4,565
4,574
4,439

6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6

20,428
20,552
20,366
20,443

1987:
January
February....
March
April
May
June
July
August
September

88,020
88,099
88,186
88,271
88,361
88,442
88,534
88,598
88,683

67,672
67,764
67,644
67,603
67,816
67,556
67,656
67,925
67,736

76.9
76.9
76.7
76.6
76.7
76.4
76.4
76.7
76.4

63,187
63,335
63,282
63,417
63,562
63,471
63,715
63,918
63,939

1,591
1,584
1,575
1,575
1,566
1,559
1,561
1,575
1,581

61,596
61,751
61,707
61,842
61,996
61,912
62,154
62,343
62,358

2,474
2,544
2,639
2,664
2,653
2,521
2,556
2,445
2,550

59,123
59,207
59,068
59,178
59,343
59,391
59,597
59,898
59,807

4,484
4,429
4,362
4,186
4,254
4,085
3,941
4,007
3,798

6.6
6.5
6.4
6.2
6.3
6.0
5.8
5.9
5.6

20,348
20,335
20,542
20,668
20,545
20,886
20,878
20,673
20,947

Annual averages
WOMEN
1976
1977
19781
1979

82,476
83,932
85,434
86,951

39,069
40,705
42,731
44,343

47.4
48.5
50.0
51.0

35,701
37,381
39,669
41,325

92
100
108

35,615
37,289
39,569
41,217

588
612
669
661

35,027
36,677
38,900
40,556

3,369
3,324
3,061
3,018

8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

43,406
43,227
42,703
42,608

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861

88,472
89,751
90,887
91,827
92,924
93,886
94,944

45,611
46,829
47,894
48,646
49,855
51,200
52,568

51.6
52.2
52.7
53.0
53.7
54.5
55.4

42,241
43,133
43,395
44,190
46,061
47,409
48,861

124
133
139
143
146
150
155

42,117
43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706

656
667
665
680
653
644
652

41,461 .
42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054

3,370
3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1

42,861
42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
September...
October
November....
December....

95,156
95,253
95,341
95,429

52,860
53,033
53,019
52,911

55.6
55.7
55.6
55.4

49,175
49,376
49,350
49,401

156
159
159
157

49,019
49,217
49,191
49,244

647
649
709
672

48,372
48,568
48,482
48,572

3,685
3,657
3,669
3,510

7.0
6.9
6.9
6.6

42,296
42,220
42,322
42,518

1987:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September...

95,556
95,639
95,729
95,808
95,898
95,979
96,071
96,140
96,221

53,110
53,325
53,314
53,467
53,903
53,679
54,016
54,113
53,868

55.6
55.8
55.7
55.8
56.2
55.9
56.2
56.3
56.0

49,572
49,787
49,822
50,153
50,611
50,504
50,733
50,899
50,576

157
156
161
160
160
159
159
161
162

49,415
49,631
49,661
49,993
50,451
50,345
50,574
50,738
50,414

671
692
645
626
681
657
663
647
620

48,744
48,939
49,016
49,367
49,769
49,688
49,911
50,091
49,794

3,538
3,538
3,492
3,314
3,292
3,175
3,283
3,213
3,291

6.7
6.6
6.6
6.2
6.1
5.9
6.1
5.9
6.1

42,446
42,314
42,415
42,341
41,995
42,300
42,055
42,027
42,353

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.




2

The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Year
and
month

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Total

Percent of
population

Employed

Unemployment rates
Unemployed

Total

Men

Women

Annual averages
19531
1954,
1955,
1956,
1957,
1958
1959

107,056
108,321
109,683
110,954
112,265
113,727
115,329

63,015
63,643
65,023
66,552
66,929
67,639
68,369

58.9
58.8
59.3
60.0
59.6
59.5
59.3

61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

2.9
5.5
4.4
4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5

2.8
5.3
4.2
3.8
4.1
6.8
5.2

3.3
6.0
4.9
4.8
4.7
6.8
5.9

I9601
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8

5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7

1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1

5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0

6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
September
October
November.
December.

180,997
181,186
181,363
181,547

118,272
118,414
118,675
118,586

65.3
65.4
65.4
65.3

109,987
110,192
110,432
110,637

8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949

7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7

7.0
7.0
6.9
6.7

7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7

1987:
January
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September

181,827
181,998
182,179
182,344
182,533
182,703
182,885
183,002
183,161

119,034
119,349
119,222
119,335
119,993
119,517
119,952
120,302
119,861

65.5
65.6
65.4
65.4
65.7
65.4
65.6
65.7
65.4

111,011
111,382
111,368
111,835
112,447
112,257
112,727
113,081
112,772

8,023
7,967
7,854
7,500
7,546
7,260
7,224
7,221
7,089

6.7
6.7
6.6
6.3
6.3
6.1
6.0
6.0
5.9

6.8
6.7
6.6
6.3
6.4
6.2
6.0
6.0
5.7

6.7
6.7
6.6
6.2
6.1
5.9
6.1
6.0
6.1

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the




Explanatory Notes.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race

(Numbers in thousands)
September 1987

Not n labor force

Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian

Unemployed

noninstitutional
population

Total

183,161
14,637
7,511
7,126
18,868
99,647
42,358
21,360
20,997
33,979
18,522
15,457
23,311
12,377
10,935
21,784
10,999
10,785
28,224
9,790
7,574
10,860

Unable
to
work

Going
to
school

Percent
of
population

Employed

119,884
7,545
3,136
4,409
14,786
82,483
35,352
17,827
17,526
28,817
15,696
13,120
18,315
10,101
8,214
11,870
7,206
4,664
3,199
1,948
790
460

65.5
51.5
41.8
61.9
78.4
82.8
83.5
83.5
83.5
84.8
84.7
84.9
78.6
81.6
75.1
54.5
65.5
43.2
11.3
19.9
10.4
4.2

113,027
6,305
2,614
3,691
13,438
78,697
33,454
16,807
16,647
27,557
14,949
12,608
17,686
9,732
7,955
11,476
6,964
4,513
3,110
1,893
769
447

6,857
1,240
522
718
1,348
3,786
1,898
1,020
878
1,259
748
512
629
369
259
394
242
152
89
55
21
13

5.7
16.4
16.6
16.3
9.1
4.6
5.4
5.7
5.0
4.4
4.8
3.9
3.4
3.7
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.3
2.8
2.8
2.7
2.8

63,277
7,092
4,375
2,717
4,082
17,165
7,006
3,534
3,471
5,162
2,824
2,337
4,997
2,276
2,721
9,914
3,793
6,121
25,026
7,842
6,784
10,400

28,476
453
136
317
1,493
12,151
5,012
2,430
2,581
3,753
2,065
1,682
3,386
1,589
1,797
4,969
2,157
2,812
9,409
3,113
2,565
3,732

8,642
5,816
3,870
1,947
1,805
983
707
473
234
219
135
84
57
39
18
25
19
5
12
3
4
5

3,144
33
13
20
122
1,141
285
97
187
361
169
191
495
207
288
706
365
341
1,142
265
203
674

23,016
788
355
433
661
2,890
1,002
533
469
829
450
379
1,059
440
618
4,214
1,252
2,962
14,463
4,460
4,012
5,990

87,102
7,362
3,831
3,531
9134
48 677
20 816
10,479
10 337
16,583
9,063
7,520
11 278
6 009
5 270
10 240
5,229
5,011
11 688
4,429
3,253
4,006

66,058
3,902
1,596
2,306
7,710
45,620
19,675
9,846
9,830
15,741
8,640
7,100
10,204
5,576
4,628
6,887
4,134
2,753
1,940
1,165
474
301

75.8
53.0
41.7
65.3
84.4
93.7
94.5
94.0
95.1
94.9
95.3
94.4
90.5
92.8
87.8
67.3
79.1
54.9
16.6
26.3
14.6
7.5

62,622
3,248
1,320
1,928
7,062
43,746
18,766
9,366
9,400
15,144
8,301
6,843
9,835
5,368
4,468
6,669
4,002
2,666
1,897
1,140
463
294

3,437
653
276
377
648
1,874
909
480
429
597
340
257
369
208
160
218
132
86
43
25
11
7

5.2
16.7
17.3
16.4
8.4
4.1
4.6
4.9
4.4
3.8
3.9
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.5
3.2
3.2
3.1
2.2
2.1
2.3
2.5

21,043
3,460
2,235
1,226
1,424
3,058
1,141
634
507
842
422
419
1,075
433
642
3,353
1,095
2,258
9,748
3,264
2,779
3,705

572
34
13
20
38
201
73
40
32
66
38
28
61
26
36
93
38
55
207
73
41
93

4,345
2,981
2,003
978
946
400
316
228
88
70
36
35
14
8
6
15
14
1
3
2
1

1,788
16
8
8
81
798
193
74
119
235
113
122
370
155
215
431
227
205
461
145
102
214

14,337
429
210
219
358
1,659
559
291
268
470
236
234
630
244
386
2,814
817
1,997
9,077
3,044
2,636
3,397

96,059
7,275
3,680
3,595
9,735
50,970
21,541
10,881
10,660
17,396
9,459
7,937
12,033
6,368
5,665
11 544
5 769
5 774
16,536
5 361
4 321
6,854

53,825
3,643
1,540
2,103
7,077
36,863
15,677
7,981
7,696
13,076
7,056
6,020
8,111
4,525
3,586
4,983
3,072
1,912
1,258
783
316
159

56.0
50.1
41.9
58.5
72.7
72.3
72.8
73.3
72.2
75.2
74.6
75.8
67.4
71.1
63.3
43.2
53.2
33.1
7.6
14.6
7.3
2.3

50,405
3,057
1,294
1,762
6,377
34,952
14,688
7,441
7,247
12,413
6,648
5,765
7,851
4,364
3,487
4,808
2,962
1,846
1,212
753
306
153

3,420
587
246
341
700
1,912
989
540
449
663
408
255
260
161
99
176
110
66
46
30
10
6

6.4
16.1
16.0
16.2
9.9
5.2
6.3
6.8
5.8
5.1
5.8
4.2
3.2
3.6
2.8
3.5
3.6
3.4
3,7
3.9
3.2
4.0

42,234
3,631
2,140
1,491
2,658
14,107
5,864
2,900
2,964
4,320
2,402
1,918
3,922
1,843
2,079
6,560
2,698
3,863
15,278
4,578
4,005
6,695

27,903
419
123
297
1,455
11,950
4,939
2,390
2,549
3,687
2,033
1,654
3,325
1,563
1,761
4,876
2,119
2,757
9,203
3,040
2,524
3,639

4,297
2,835
1,866
969
860
583
391
245
146
149
99
49
43
31
12
10
6
4
9
1
4
4

1,355
17
6
11
41
343
92
23
68
126
56
69
125
52
73
274
138
136
681
120
101
460

8,679
360
145
214
303
1,231
443
242
201
359
214
145
429
196
232
1,400
435
965
5,385
1,416
1,376
2,593

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Other
reasons

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over ....
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over ..,

10




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

September 1987
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninsiitutionai
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years

75 years and over

157,242
11,950
6,110
5,839
15,686
85,016
35,727
17,983
17,744
29,224
15,790
13,434
20,065
10,658
9,407
19,189
9,626
9,563
25,402
8,717
6,836
9,849

103,295
6,502
2,766
3,736
12,587
70,897
30,070
15,191
14,879
24,897
13,439
11,459
15,930
8,772
7,158
10,477
6,324
4,153
2,831
1,702
714
416

65.7
54.4
45.3
64.0
80.2
83.4
84.2
84.5
83.9
85.2
85.1
85.3
79.4
82.3
76.1
54.6
65.7
43.4
11.1
19.5
10.4
4.2

98,261
5,571
2,377
3,195
11,641
68,136
28,792
14,532
14,261
23,931
12,890
11,042
15,414
8,482
6,932
10,156
6,132
4,024
2,757
1,652
700
405

5,033
931
389
542
946
2,761
1,278
659
620
967
549
417
516
290
226
321
192
129
75
50
14
11

4.9
14.3
14.1
14.5
7.5
3.9
4.3
4.3
4.2
3.9
6.7
3.6
3.2
3.3
4.1
3.1
3.0
3.1
2.6
2.9
2.0
2.6

53,947
5,447
3,344
2,103
3,099
14,118
5,656
2,792
2,864
4,327
2,351
1,975
4,135
1,886
2,249
8,712
3,302
5,411
22,570
7,016
6,120
9,434

24,868
363
109
254
1,172
10,322
4,199
1,997
2,202
3,244
1,779
1,469
2,878
1,336
1,549
4,407
1,909
2,498
8,604
2,806
2,344
3,455

6,685
4,522
2,989
1,533
1,394
742
530
353
177
164
96
68
49
31
17
15
10
5
12
4
4
4

2,465
29
13
16
67
872
221
65
157
279
138
141
372
162
210
566
303
263
931
211
157
564

19,929
533
234
299
466
2,182
707
378
328
639
335
304
836
347
489
3,725
1,080
2,644
13,023
3,997
3,618
5,410

75,333
6,024
3,126
2,898
7,666
42,039
17,784
8,929
8,855
14,434
7,823
6,611
9,821
5,233
4,588
9,078
4,614
4,464
10,527
3,974
2,941
3,612

57,604
3,368
1,407
1,961
6,585
39,755
16,972
8,483
8,489
13,798
7,509
6,289
8,985
4,896
4,089
6,153
3,681
2,471
1,744
1,034
437
273

76.5
55.9
45.0
67.7
85.9
94.6
95.4
95.0
95.9
95.6
96.0
95.1
91.5
93.6
89.1
67.8
79.8
55.4
16.6
26.0
14.9
7.6

55,014
2,881
1,198
1,683
6,115
38,333
16,333
8,165
8,169
13,327
7,258
6,070
8,673
4,723
3,950
5,972
3,571
2,401
1,712
1,012
432
268

2,590
487
209
278
470
1,422
639
318
321
471
251
219
312
173
139
180
110
70
32
22
5
5

4.5
14.5
14.8
14.2
7.1
3.6
3.8
3.7
3.8
3.4
3.3
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.4
2.9
3.0
2.8
1.8
2.1
1.1
1.7

17,728
2,656
1,718
937
1,081
2,283
811
446
365
636
314
322
836
337
499
2,926
933
1,993
8,783
2,941
2,502
3,340

443
23
11
13
21
138
41
24
17
47
30
17
49
22
28
76
27
48
185
64
39
83

3,401
2,344
1,559
785
753
294
234
166
68
51
24
27
10
4
5
7
6
1
2
2
-

1,387
12
7
5
46
615
150
54
97
183
91
92
281
126
156
343
184
159
371
114
81
177

12,498
276
142
135
260
1,237
386
203
183
355
170
185
496
185
311
2,500
715
1,784
8,224
2,762
2,384
3,079

81,909
5,926
2,985
2,941
8,020
42,977
17,943
9,054
8,889
14,790
7,967
6,823
10,244
5,425
4,819
10,111
5,012
5,099
14,875
4,743
3,895
6,237

45,690
3,134
1,359
1,776
6,002
31,142
13,098
6,708
6,390
11,099
5,930
5,170
6,945
3,876
3,069
4,324
2,643
1,681
1,087
668
277
143

55.8
52.9
45.5
60.4
74.8
72.5
73.0
74.1
71.9
75.0
74.4
75.8
67.8
71.4
63.7
42.8
52.7
33.0
7.3
14.1
7.1
2.3

43,247
2,690
1,178
1,512
5,526
29,803
12,459
6,367
6,092
10,603
5,632
4,972
6,741
3,759
2,982
4,183
2,561
1,622
1,045
640
268
137

2,443
444
181
264
476
1,339
639
341
299
496
298
198
204
117
87
141
82
59
43
28
9
6

5.3
14.2
13.3
14.9
7.9
4.3
4.9
5.1
4.7
4.5
5.0
3.8
2.9
3.0
2.8
3.3
3.1
3.5
3.9
4.2
3.2
3.9

36,219
2,792
1,626
1,166
2,019
11,835
4,845
2,346
2,499
3,691
2,037
1,653
3,299
1,549
1,750
5,787
2,369
3,418
13,787
4,075
3,618
6,094

24,424
340
99
242
1,150
10,184
4,158
1,973
2,185
3,197
1,753
1,444
2,829
1,324
1,505
4,331
1,881
2,450
8,419
2,742
2,305
3,372

3,285
2,178
1,429
749
641
448
296
187
109
113
72
41
40
27
12
8
4
4
9
2
4
4

1,078
17
6
11
21
257
71
11
60
96
47
49
91
36
54
223
119
104
560
97
76
387

7,432
257
92
165
206
945
320
175
145
285
165
119
340
162
178
1,225
365
860
4,799
1,235
1,234
2,331

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

Women
16 years and over

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over




11

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutlonal population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1987
Not in labor force

Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over....
65 to 69 years
70 years and over .

20,426
2,171
1,130
1,040
2,566
11,227
5,161
2,659
2,502
3,594
2,063
1,531
2,472
1,312
1,160
2,100
1,099
1,001
2,362
864
1,500

13,018
863
296
568
1,789
8,977
4,171
2,104
2,067
2,997
1,740
1,257
1,809
1,021
788
1,106
709
397
283
182
101

63.7
39.8
26.2
54.6
69.7
80.0
80.8
79.1
82.6
83.4
84.3
82.1
73.2
77.8
67.9
52.6
64.5
39.7
12.0
21.1
6.7

11,398
591
182
409
1,417
8,080
3,628
1,790
1,837
2,742
1,574
1,168
1,711
949
762
1,041
666
375
269
177
93

1,619
272
114
158
372
896
542
314
229
255
166
90
99
73
26
65
43
22
14
6
9

12.4
31.5
38.5
27.9
20.8
10.0
13.0
14.9
11.1
8.5
9.5
7.2
5.5
7.1
3.3
5.9
6.1
5.5
4.9
3.3
8.9

7,408
1,307
835
473
778
2,249
990
554
436
597
323
274
662
291
371
994
391
604
2,079
681
1,398

2,756
78
25
54
277
1,277
574
308
265
335
189
146
368
181
187
447
184
264
677
240
438

1,419
1,009
702
307
275
134
102
74
28
29
20
9
3
2
1
1
1

614
5
1
4
51
243
59
32
26
72
25
46
112
38
73
124
56
68
191
48
143

2,619
215
107
108
175
596
256
140
115
161
89
72
179
68
111
422
149
272
1,211
393
818

9,163
1,070
570
499
1,167
5,029
2,331
1,201
1,130
1,600
919
681
1,098
583
515
946
497
449
951
376
576

6,466
427
152
275
907
4,403
2,081
1,059
1,022
1,431
834
597
891
508
383
585
368
217
144
95
49

70.6
39.9
26.7
55.0
77.7
87.6
89.3
88.2
90.4
89.4
90.8
87.6
81.2
87.2
74.5
61.9
74.0
48.5
15.1
25.3
8.5

5,749
287
98
188
752
4,026
1,851
920
931
1,329
765
564
847
477
370
550
347
203
133
92
41

716
140
54
86
155
375
229
139
91
102
69
33
45
32
13
35
21
15
11
3

11.1
32.9
35.4
31.5
17.1
8.5
11.0
13.1
8.9
7.1
8.2
5.5
5.0
6.2
3.4
6.0
5.6
6.7
7.4
2.9

2,697
642
417
225
261
625
250
142
108
169
85
85
206
75
131
360
129
231
807
281
527

95
8
3
6
14
46
23
11
12
13
9
4
10
2
8
12
8
5
15
7

672
502
350
152
123
48
36
31
4
10
7
3
2
1
1
-1

362
5
1
4
35
166
41
21
19
45
16
28
80
23
56
76
38
38
80
29
51

1,571
128
64
64
89
369
152
79
72
102
53
49
115
48
67
273
84
188
712
245
467

11,263
1,101
560
541
1,399
6,198
2,830
1,458
1,372
1,994
1,144
850
1,374
729
645
1,154
602
552
1,411
488
924

6,552
436
143
293
881
4,574
2,090
1,045
1,045
1,566
906
660
918
513
405
520
341
179
140
87
52

58.2
39.6
25.6
54.2
63.0
73.8
73.9
71.7
76.1
78.6
79.2
77.7
66.8
70.3
62.8
45.1
56.6
32.5
9.9
17.9
5.7

5,649
304
83
221
664
4,054
1,777
870
906
1,413
809
604
864
472
392
491
318
172
136
85
52

903
132
60
72
217
521
313
175
138
153
97
57
54
41
13
30
22
7
3
3
1

13.8
30.2
41.8
24.6
24.6
11.4
15.0
16.7
13.2
9.8
10.7
8.6
5.9
8.0
3.2
5.7
6.6
4.0
2.4
3.0

4,711
665
417
248
517
1,624
740
412
328
427
238
189
456
216
240
634
261
373
1,272
400
871

2,661
70
22
48
263
1,231
551
297
253
322
180
142
358
179
179
435
176
259
662
233
429

747
507
352
155
152

254

1,049
87
43
44
86
227
104
61
43
59
36
23
64
20
44
149
65
84
499
148
351

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 years and over .

O

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ....
65 to 69 years
70 years and over .

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

12




16
77
18
11
7
27
9
18
32
15
17
48
19
30
111
19
92

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1987
Civilian labor force
Age and sex

Unemployed

Employed

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

25,919
2,687
1,401
1,286
3,183
14,632
6,631
3,377
3,253
4,755
2,732
2,023
3,246
1,719
1,527
2,595
1,373
1,222
2,823
1,073
737
1,012

16,589
1,043
370
673
2,200
11,586
5,282
2,636
1,414
3,919
2,258
1,661
2,385
1,329
1,056
1,394
882
512
367
247
75
46

64.0
38.8
26.4
52.3
69.1
79.2
79.7
78.1
43.5
82.4
82.7
82.1
73.5
77.3
69.2
53.7
64.2
41.9
13.0
23.0
10.2
4.5

14,766
734
238
496
1,797
10,560
4,662
2,275
2,387
3,627
2,060
1,567
2,272
1,250
1,023
1,321
832
489
353
242
70
42

260
15
6
9
29
172
79
39
40
46
27
20
46
19
27
30
18
12
14
7
5
3

14,506
719
232
487
1,768
10,389
4,583
2,236
2,347
3,580
2,034
1,547
2,226
1,231
996
1,291
814
All
339
235
65
39

1,824
309
132
177
402
1,026
620
361
259
293
198
95
112
79
33
73
50
23
14
6
5
4

11.0
29.6
35.8
26.3
18.3
8.9
11.7
13.7
18.3
7.5
8.8
5.7
4.7
5.9
3.1
5.2
5.7
4.4
3.9
2.4
6.7

9,330
1,644
1,031
614
983
3,045
1,349
741
608
836
473
363
861
390
472
1,201
491
710
2,456
826
664
966

11,769
1,338
705
633
1,468
6,639
3,033
1,550
1,482
2,149
1,240
909
1,457
776
681
1,162
616
546
1,161
455
312
394

8,454
534
189
345
1,125
5,865
2,703
1,363
1,340
1,943
1,132
811
1,219
680
539
734
453
281
196
132
36
29

71.8
39.9
26.8
54.5
76.6
88.4
89.1
87.9
90.4
90.4
91.3
89.3
83.6
87.7
79.1
63.2
73.6
51.5
16.9
28.9
11.5
7.4

7,607
367
122
245
946
5,412
2,433
1,201
1,232
1,817
1,043
774
1,163
645
518
696
431
265
185
129
31
26

229
11
5
6
29
145
68
32
36
36
22
14
41
18
23
29
17
11
15
7
5
3

7,379
356
116
239
917
5,267
2,365
1,169
1,196
1,781
1,022
760
1,121
627
495
668
414
254
171
122
26
23

847
167
67
100
178
453
270
162
108
126
88
38
56
35
21
38
22
16
11
3
5
3

10.0
31.2
35.6
28.9
15.9
7.7
10.0
11.9
8.1
6.5
7.8
4.6
4.6
5.2
3.9
5.1
4.8
5.7
5.6
2.3

3,315
805
516
288
343
773
330
187
142
206
108
98
238
96
143
428
163
265
965
323
277
365

14,151
1,349
696
653
1,714
7,993
3,598
1,827
1,771
2,606
1,492
1,114
1,789
943
846
1,433
757
676
1,661
618
425
618

8,135
509
181
328
1,075
5,721
2,579
1,273
1,306
1,976
1,126
850
1,166
649
517
659
429
231
171
115
39
17

57.5
37.7
26.1
50.2
62.7
71.6
71.7
69.7
73.7
75.8
75.5
76.3
65.2
68.8
61.1
46.0
56.6
34.1
10.3
18.7
9.2
2.8

7,158
367
116
251
851
5,148
2,229
1,074
1,155
1,810
1,017
793
1,110
605
505
624
401
224
168
113
39
16

31
3

7,127
364
116
248
851
5,122
2,218
1,067
1,151
1,799
1,012
787
1,105
604
501
623
400
224
168
113
39
16

977
142
65
77
224
573
349
199
151
167
110
57
56
44
12
35
28
7
3
3

12.0
28.0
36.0
23.5
20.8
10.0
13.6
15.6
11.5
8.4
9.7
6.7
4.8
6.8
2.4
5.3
6.6
2.9
1.9
2.3

6,015
840
514
325
639
2,272
1,019
554
466
630
365
265
623
294
329
774
329
445
1,490
503
387
601

Percent
of
population

Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

01

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

27
11
7
4
11
5
6
5
1
4
1
1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6.

Employment status of the civilian nonlnstltutlonal population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Men, 20 years and
over

To tal
Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes , 16 to 19
years

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

180,997
118,244
65.3
110,229
3,266
106,963
8,015
6.8
62,752

183,161
119,884
65.5
113,027
3,277
109,750
6,857
5.7
63,277

78,722
61,466
78.1
58,036
2,374
55,662
3,430
5.6
17,255

79,740
62,157
77.9
59,373
2,433
56,941
2,783
4.5
17,583

87,779
49,217
56.1
46,051
646
45,405
3,167
6.4
38,562

88,785
50,182
56.5
47,349
615
46,734
2,833
5.6
38,603

14,496
7,561
52.2
6,143
246
5,897
1,418
18.8
6,936

14,637
7,545
51.5
6,305
229
6,076
1,240
16.4
7,092

155,723
102,138
65.6
96,262
3,035
93,227
5,876
5.8
53,584

157,242
103,295
65.7
98,261
3,018
95,244
5,033
4.9
53,947

68,548
53,757
78.4
51,204
2,200
49,005
2,553
4.7
14,790

69,309
54,236
78.3
52,133
2,215
49,918
2,103
3.9
15,073

75,286
41,804
55.5
39,523
601
38,922
2,281
5.5
33,482

75,983
42,556
56.0
40,557
587
39,970
1,999
4.7
33,427

11,889
6,577
55.3
5,535
234
5,301
1,042
15.8
5,312

11,950
6,502
54.4
5,571
215
5,357
931
14.3
5,447

20,056
12,657
63.1
10,785
179
10,606
1,872
14.8
7,399

20,426
13,018
63.7
11,398
197
11,201
1,619
12.4
7,408

7,935
5,915
74.5
5,160
134
5,025
755
12.8
2,020

8,093
6,039
74.6
5,463
165
5,297
576
9.5
2,054

9,983
5,925
59.4
5,147
35
5,112
778
13.1
4,058

10,162
6,116
60.2
5,345
19
5,326
771
12.6
4,046

2,138
817
38.2
479
10
469
339
41.4
1,321

2,171
863
39.8
591
13
578
272
31.5
1,307

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutionai population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1987
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Part
time1

Full
time1

Total

Lobking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

14,439
10,138
4,301

6,682
4,229
2,452

46.3
41.7
57.0

5,805
3,563
2,243

1,201
404
797

4,605
3,159
1,446

876
667
210

100
49
51

776
618
158

13.1
15.8
8.5

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

7,264
7,175
6,188
986

2,942
3,740
2,869
870

40.5
52.1
46.4
88.2

2,460
3,345
2,518
827

225
976
402
574

2,235
2,369
2,116
253

482
394
351
43

36
64
37
27

446
331
315
16

16,4
10.5
12.2
4.9

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,372
5.210
2,162

3,395
2,188
1,207

46.1
42.0
55.9

2,921
1,829
1,093

622
230
393

2,299
1,599
700

474
359
114

52
29
22

422
330
92

14.0
16.4
9.5

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,830
3,542
3,113
429

1,562
1,833
1,451
383

40.8
51.8
46.6
89.1

1,283
1,638
1,270
369

130
492
243
249

1,153
1,147
1,027
120

279
195
181
14

27
24
12
12

252
170
169
2

17.9
10.6
12.5
3.7

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,067
4,927
2,140

3,286
2,042
1,245

46.5
41.4
58.2

2,884
1,734
1,150

579
174
404

2,305
1,560
745

402
307
95

48
19
29

354
288
66

12.2
15.1
7.6

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,434
3,633
3,076
557

1,380
1,906
1,419
488

40.2
52.5
46.1
87.5

1,177
1,707
1,248
459

94
484
159
325

1,083
1,223
1,089
134

203
199
171
29

9
39
25
15

194
160
146
14

14.7
10.5
12.0
5.9

11,894
8,276
3,617

5,850
3,685
2,165

49.2
44.5
59.8

5,175
3,185
1,990

1,028
337
691

4,148
2,848
1,300

675
501
174

51
23
28

623
477
146

11.5
13.6
8.0

Men
Women

6,116
5,777

2,985
2,865

48.8
49.6

2,626
2,550

540
487

2,085
2,062

359
316

26
26

334
290

12.0
11.0

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

5,836
6,058
5.225
833

2,554
3,296
2,549
747

43.8
54.4
48.8
89.6

2,194
2,981
2,258
723

185
842
337
506

2,009
2,138
1,921
218

359
315
292
24

17
35
20
15

343
281
272
9

14.1
9.6
11.4
3.2

1,886
1,449
437

597
418
179

31.7
28.8
41.1

431
278
153

120
52
68

311
227
85

166
139
27

41
22
19

125
117
8

27.8
33.4
14.9

927
959

287
310

31.0
32.3

199
232

57
62

142
170

88
78

20
22

68
57

30.7
25.2

1,144
742
639
102

309
288
213
76

27.0
38.9
33.3
73.8

204
227
163
64

29
91
46
43

175
137
115
21

105
61
50
11

18
23
15
8

87
38
35
4

34.0
21.2
23.3
15.1

1,024
707
317

406
209
197

39.6
29.6
62.1

345
166
179

105
25
79

240
141
100

61
43
18

15
9
6

46
34
12

15.0
20.5
9.2

Men
Women

566
458

246
160

43.5
34.9

212
133

59
46

153
87

34
27

11
4

23
23

13.9
16.8

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

582
442
347
95

154
251
174
77

26.6
56.9
50.2
81.1

123
222
143
78

24
81
33
49

99
141
111
30

31
30
31

9
6
7

22
23
24

20.3
11.8
17.6

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

See footnotes at end of table.




15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1987
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED

19,066
4,499
14,567

15,650
3,316
12,334

82.1
73.7
84.7

13,938
2,742
11,196

11,713
1,938
9,775

2,225
804
1,420

1,712
573
1,139

1,502
503
999

210
70
140

10.9
17.3
9.2

Less than 4 years of high school.
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

4,504
9,608
3,242
1,712

2,867
8,170
2,966
1,647

63.7
85.0
91.5
96.2

2,286
7,334
2,761
1,557

1,742
6,196
2,342
1,433

543
1,138

582
836
205

60
113

20.3
10.2

90

521
723
174
83

31
6

6.9
5.4

Men, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

9,124
2,152
6,972

8,216
1,714
6,502

90.0
79.6
93.3

7,388
1,420
5,969

6,583
1,098
5,485

805
322
483

828
294
534

783
272
511

45
22
23

10.1
17.2
8.2

2,317
4,612
1,402

1,796
4,307
1,343

252
369

771

1,475
3,905
1,268
740

1,223
3,535
1,126

793

77.5
93.4
95.8
97.2

41

320
402
75
31

304
376
73
30

16
26
2
1

17.8
9.3
5.6
4.0

9,942
2,347
7,595

7,434
1,602
5,832

74.8
68.2
76.8

6,550
1,322
5,227

5,130
840

4,290

1,420
483
937

884
279
605

719
231
488

165
48
117

11.9
17.4
10.4

2,188

1,071

4,996

3,863
1,623

810
3,429
1,493
817

519
2,660
1,217
734

291
769
276
84

261
434

217
347

44
87

876

49.0
77.3
88.2
95.4

130
59

102
54

29
5

24.4
11.2
8.0
6.7

15,742
3,673
12,069

13,239
2,817
10,422

84.1
76.7
86.4

12,037
2,387
9,651

10,185
1,706
8,479

1,853
681
1,172

1,202
430
772

1,046
375
671

156
55
100

9.1
15.3
7.4

Men
Women ....

7,573
8,169

6,968
6,271

92.0
76.8

6,371
5,666

5,730
4,455

641
1,211

597
605

568
479

30
126

8.6
9.6

Less than 4 years of high school.
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

3,591
7,958
2,659
1,534

2,436
6,887
2,436
1,481

67.8
86.5
91.6
96.5

2,009
6,302
2,327
1,400

1,547
5,355
1,987
1,296

462
947
340
104

427
585
109
80

385
491
78

42
94
16
3

17.5
8.5
4.5
5.4

2,851
721
2,130

2,055
446
1,609

72.1
61.8
75.6

1,577
1,264

1,260
201
1,059

317
111
205

478
133
345

428
118
310

50
15
35

23.3
29.8
21.5

1,310
1,541

1,047
1,008

79.9
65.4

840
737

710
550

130
187

207
271

195
232

12
39

19.6
26.9

792

369
1,117
451
118

224
884
359
110

148
730
287

76
154
72

144
233

127

77.6
91.4
93.8

15

8

18
16
13
4

39.1
20.9
20.5

95

217
79
5

73.5
62.1
78.0

1,374
272

200
60
141

251
119
132

222
99
123

29
20

Total, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Less than 4 years of high school.
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than 4 years of high school.
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1,840
918

419
124

143

White

Total, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

93

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women .
Less than 4 years of high school..
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1,440

494
126

313

93

6.9

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

1,582

1,625
392
1,233

1,102

1,174
213
961

9

15.4
30.5
10.7

Men
Women .

1,082
1,129

948
677

87.5
60.0

834
540

759
415

75
125

114
137

110
112

4
25

12.0
20.2

Less than 4 years of high school.
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1,053
849
254
56

670
687
214
53

63.7
81.0
84.2

542
594

442
524
162
46

100
70
26
6

129

113
82
25
2

16
12
1

19.2
13.6
12.4

2,212

630

1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and

16



188
51

94
26
2

college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Unemployed

Employed

Total

Veteran status
and age

Percent of
labor force

Number
Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over

7,768
6,359
1,102
2,971
2,286
1,409

7,850
6,156
875
2,515
2,766
1,694

7,199
6,086
1,037
2,857
2,192
1,113

7,227
5,842
826
2,385
2,631
1,385

6,877
5,793
975
2,710
2,108
1,084

6,923
5,581
759
2,283
2,539
1,342

322
293
62
147
84
29

304
261
67
102
92
43

4.5
4.8
6.0
5.1
3.8
2.6

4.2
4.5
8.1
4.3
3.5
3.1

19,148
8,935
6,015
4,198

19,666
8,935
6,304
4,427

18,176
8,520
5,711
3,945

18,693
8,515
6,020
4,158

17,302
8,096
5,441
3,765

17,977
8,178
5,796
4,003

874
424
270
180

716
337
224
155

4.8
5.0
4.7
4.6

3.8
4.0
3.7
3.7

NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data




are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
September 1987
Unemployed

Employed
Part time

Full time
Sex, age, and race

Total

Full-time
schedules1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time

Total

Voluntary1

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

3,493
418
79
339
3,075
696
2,379
1,943
436

5,228
552
106
446
4,676
1,050
3,626

1,629
688
416
272
941
298
643
508
135

1,430
179

2,846
301
2,544
533

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

93,771
2,342
319
2,023
91,429
10,573
80,858
69,680
11,176

92,327
2,232
298
1,934
90,095
10,295
79,801
68,764
11,036

1,444
110
21
89
1,334
278
1,057
916
140

19,256
3,964
2,297
1,667
15,293
2,866
12,427
9,017
3,411

15,763
3,546
2,218
1,328
12,218
2,170

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

56,381
1,328
55,054
5,878
49,176
42,006
7,170

55,542
1,269
54,273
5,708
48,565
41,483
7,082

839
59
781
170
611
523
88

6,240
1,921
4,320
1,184
3,136
1,739
1,397

4,810
1,742
3,069
852
2,217

Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

37,390
1,014
36,376
4,695
31,682
27,675
4,007

36,785
963
35,822
4,587
31,235
27,281
3,954

605
51
554
108
447
394
53

13,016
2,043
10,973
1,682
9,289
7,277
2,012

10,953
1,804
9,149
1,318
7,830
6,083
1,747

2,063
239

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

49,566
1,164
48,403
5,107
43,297
36,886
6,411

48,853
1,113
47,740
4,959
42,782
36,453
6,329

713
51
663
148
515
433
82

5,448
1,718
3,731
1,009
2,722
1,449
1,273

Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
^

31,539
879
30,660
4,064
26,597
23,153
3,444

31,019
836
30,183
3,963
26,220
22,817
3,403

520
43
477
101
377
336
41

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,156
134
5,021
633
4,389
3,805
583

5,054
130
4,924
615
4,309
3,729
580

Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years

4,633
119
4,515
493
4,021
3,589
432

4,562
114
4,449
486
3,963
3,542
421

10,048
7,074
2,975

990
1,227

1,251
332
919
749
170

1,824
364

3,278
348

2,011
1,802
209

2,382
250
2,132
517

591
352
239
115
124
72
52

1,038
336
702
183
519
436
83

1,459

1,614

1,194
265

1,476
139

4,318
1,566
2,753
764
1,989
858
1,131

1,130
152
978
245
733
591
142

2,128
227

11,708
1,811
9,896
1,462
8,434
6,650
1,785

10,054
1,615
8,439
1,176
7,263
5,680
1,583

1,654
196
1,457
286
1,171
970
202

1,607
171

102
4
97
18
80
76
3

593
153
441
120
323
223
100

358
137
222
52

235
16
219
68

171
90
81

152

614
65
550
150
400

133
19

365
35

22
10
12

71
5
66
7
58
47
11

1,016
185
831
171
659
463
196

667
146
521
108
412
274
138

349
39
310
63
247

724
75
649

179
57
122

179
470
444
26

38
83
77
6

White

1,901
366
1,535
1,363
172

1,436
334
1,102
993
109

462
259
203
104
98
58

41
836
273
563
142
420
345
74

Black

55 years and over

Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according

18



189
58

to whether they usually work full or part time.

102
76
26
5

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)

September 1987
Not in labor force

Civilian labor force
Unemployed

Family relationship
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

Percent
of
Number
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

Total, 16 years and over1

97,403

65.9

91,802

5,601

5.8

50,504

23,179

7,906

2,317

17,102

Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force

39,894
25,324
1,078
13,491

78.6
92.1
93.3
60.9

38,676
24,622
961
13,093

1,218
703
117
398

3.1
2.8
10.9
3.0

10,890
2,160
77
8,653

230
67
6
158

182
100
2
80

879
337
14
528

9,599
1,657
54
7,888

Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force

28,640
25,583
820
2,237

56.4
66.1
67.3
20.5

27,484
24,622
703
2,160

1,155
961
117
77

4.0
3.8
14.3
3.4

22,144
13,093
398
8,653

18,200
11,685
352
6,163

347
303
7
37

371
135
10
226

3,226
970
30
2,227

Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

12,973
4,880
4,656
3,438

61.6
50.5
75.5
65.5

11,472
4,171
4,211
3,090

1,502
709
445
348

11.6
14.5
9.6
10.1

8,104
4,783
1,511
1,810

776
117
144
515

5,377
4,177
1,065
135

368
21
54
293

1,583
468
248
867

Women who maintain families

6,583

62.2

5,964

618

9.4

3,998

2,791

178

208

819

Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

5,607
1,419
1,605
2,582

60.3
48.5
74.0
61.4

4,772
1,092
1,382
2,298

834
327
223
284

14.9
23.1
13.9
11.0

3,698
1,508
564
1,626

782
87
133
562

1,539
1,212
265
62

303
8
39
256

1,073
201
127
745

Men who maintain families

2,030

75.6

1,913

117

5.8

655

46

25

102

482

Relatives in families maintained by men ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,676
287
464
925

62.3
53.8
75.4
59.9

1,521
239
410
872

155
48
54
53

9.2
16.6
11.6
5.7

1,016
247
151
618

354
19
44
291

258
172
67
19

86
1
7
78

318
54
33
231

Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families
where the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the
Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women




who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates
shown in other tables in this publication because of differences in
definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.

19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Women

Men

Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons

Unemployment
rates
Sept.
1987

3,420
1,284
811

7.3
5.3
7.9

1,325

11.1

6.4
4.3
7.6
9.8

2,772
1,269
578

2,443
1,039
561

926

843

6.2
4.9
7.0
8.6

5.3
4.0
6.6
7.7

25.9

11.1
5.3
11.5
18.9

943
197
220
527

903
206
233
464

8.5
12.0
24.2

12.4
20.2

2,135
1,211
374
551

4.8
3.6
7.8
8.3

3.9
3.0
6.0
6.8

2,393

2,133
1,043
745
345

5.7
4.6
7.5
7.7

4.9
3.8
7.3
5.9

1,954
1,183
348
423

1,634

4.2
3.3
6.9
6.6

3.4
2.8
5.1
5.3

1,760
1,017
514
230

1,523
843
515
165

4.9
4.3
6.5
5.4

4.2
3.5
6.4
3.7

511
183
129
199

421
148
100
174

10.2
6.2
13.7

8.2
4.9

549
149
212
189

554
167
214
173

11.0
7.1
11.9
17.1

10.6
7.6

Sept.
1987

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

4,177
1,567
514
2,095

3,437
1,337
395
1,705

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,104
1,306
371
1,426

2,590

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

929
197
137
595

716
170
109
437

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,551
1,422

White, 25 years and over....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)




Thousands of
persons

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1986

20

Unemployment
rates

479
650

1,121
276
1,193

1,017
264
353

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

3,839

8.1
12.0

5.2
3.2
6.1
9.7

5.4
3.5
7.0
9.8

4.5
3.0
5.1
8.1

14.7
6.4
14.2

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

6.4
3.8

17.6

10.8
15.0

1,537
820
1,482

1,224
743
426

13.8

8.6

11.7
14.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Total

Unemployment rates

Men

Total

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

8,015

1986

Sept.
1987

6,857

6.8

5.7

735
386
350

689
374
315

2.7
2.9
2.4

2.4
2.7
2.1

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,784
106
744
934

1,622
112
670
840

4.9
2.9
5.3
5.0

4.4
3.1
4.7
4.4

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,360
84
97
1,179

1,197
44
102
1,051

8.6
8.3
5.5
9.1

7.5
5.1
5.2
8.0

864
199
401
264

742
162
393
187

6.0
4.3
7.3
6.0

1,925
857
325
743
188
555

1,502
657
277
568
151
418

Farming, forestry, and fishing

260

219

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,023
665
230
127

854
565
146
142

Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

1

Sept.

Women

Sept.
1987

Sept.

1986

Sept.
1987

5.2

7.3

6.4

2.4
2.4
2.4

2.0
2.2
1.7

3.0
3.8
2.5

2.9
3.4
2.6

3.8
2.5
3.6
5.1

3.3
2.7
3.0
4.4

5.5
3.4
7.2
5.0

5.0
3.6
6.6
4.4

6.9

7.9
5.0
9.2
8.1

Sept.
1986

O

O

4.2
9.1

4.5
7.8

9.1
8.4
14.6
9.1

5.1
3.4
7.2
4.3

5.8
4.4
7.2
5.5

5.0
3.4
7.2
3.9

7.8
2.4
13.0
8.0

6.0
3.1
10.1
6.0

10.0
9.7
6.6
13.7
18.4
12.6

7.8
7.4
5.5
10.5
15.4
9.4

9.7
8.8
6.7
13.7
18.2
12.4

7.4
6.4
5.5
10.5
15.3
9.2

11.1
11.0
5.8
13.7
13.3

8.9
8.9
5.6
10.4
(1)
10.0

6.7

5.8

5.9

5.5

10.9

7.3

7.8

O

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Funiture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience

22




Total

Unemployment rates
Men

Total

Women

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

6,857

6.8

5.7

6.4

5.2

7.3

6.4

5,948

5,095

6.7

5.7

6.4

5.4

7.1

6.0

109
642

49
604

11.7
10.2

5.8
9.6

12.7
10.3

5.6
9.8

6.6
9.2

7.1
7.6

1,482

1,191
680
55
28
40

6.7
6.2
7.0
7.3
6.1

10.9
6.6
5.7
6.8
4.5
5.9
3.2
4.5
6.5
7.5
9.9
6.7
10.0
2.7
5.4
7.0
7.8
8.2

5.8
5.6
7.1
6.8
4.2
10.8
6.2
5.8
4.9
4.5
5.3
3.7
2.1
4.5
6.2
8.6
7.1
8.7
2.2
3.4
5.8
7.0
7.8

4.9
5.0
6.7
4.4
6.2
5.7
5.3
4.6
3.4
5.4
7.6
3.5
3.5
5.6
4.8
6.2
4.8
6.7
5.1
4.8
3.2
3.9
3.0

8.6
7.8
6.2
8.5

56
75

5.4
5.2
7.0
4.3
5.9
6.6
5.6
5.0
4.4
5.5
8.4
3.1
3.6
4.6
5.8
7.2
6.5
8.3
5.3
4.5
3.7
4.4
4.5

12.6
6.2
10.5
4.2
8.0
9.6
9.0
7.3

6.4
5.8
9.3
4.2
4.8
11.1
6.9
6.1
5.7
5.9
11.4
1.6
3.8
3.4
7.0
9.0
8.0
8.8
5.9
4.1
5.0
5.5
8.0

4.6
5.6
3.3
7.5
5.0
8.1
3.9
6.3
4.1
9.1

3.8
5.1
2.1
6.3
3.9
6.9
3.1
5.6
4.0
7.6

4.3
5.6
2.4
6.4
4.8
7.0
3.9
6.0
3.3
8.0

3.6
5.1
1.1
5.3
3.8
5.9
2.8
5.3
2.7
7.2

5.3
5.4
5.2
8.6
5.4
9.1
3.9
6.5
4.4
10.0

4.5
5.0
4.0
7.3
4.4
7.7
3.3
5.8
4.6
7.9

11.4
3.1

7.3
2.8

10.3
3.1

6.8
2.2

15.2
3.2

9.5
3.5

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

8,015

818
54
49
42
90
90
144
161

129

123
77
46
32
34
665
196
49

149

129

19
93
90
59
31
287
197

90
1,674
212
1,462
276

96
106
44
27
24
511
139
47
106
41
81
46
33
18
240
183
57
1,428
173

1,255
229

1,478
532
946

1,354
544
810

203
840

132
776
854

1,023

13.0
11.4
8.1
5.3
9.6
4.7
8.3
1.3
8.3
8.7
9.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
unemployed
Reason for unemployment

Women,
20 years
and over

Men,
20 years
and over

Sept.
1986

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1987

1,240
184
33
151
178
314
565

5,876
2,649
692
1,957
940
1,601
686

5,033
2,210
524
1,686
862
1,397
564

1,872
847
111
736
177
539
308

1,619
667
113
554
184
525
244

100.0
15.4
2.3
13.1
12.9
24.9
46.8

100.0
14.8
2.7
12.1
14.4
25.3
45.5

100.0
45.1
11.8
33.3
16.0
27.2
11.7

100.0
43.9
10.4
33.5
17.1
27.8
11.2

100.0
45.3
6.0
39.3
9.5
28.8
16.5

100.0
41.2
7.0
34.2
11.4
32.4
15.1

2.8
2.4
4,7
8.8

2.4
2.4
4.2
7.5

2.6
.9
1.6
.7

2.1
.8
1.4
.5

6.7
1.4
4.3
2.4

5.1
1.4
4.0
1.9

Sept.
1987

8,015
3,619
824
2,795
1,135
2,241
1,021

6,857
2,942
643
2,299
1,086
1,975
854

3,430
2,218
527
1,691
497
597
118

2,783
1,789
432
1,357
423
486
85

3,167
1,182
264
918
455
1,290
240

2,833
969
178
791
485
1,175
205

1,418
218
33
185
183
354
663

100.0
45.2
10.3
34.9
14.2
28.0
12.7

100.0
42.9
9.4
33.5
15.8
28.8
12.5

100.0
64.7
15.4
49.3
14.5
17.4
3.4

100.0
64.3
15.5
48.8
15.2
17.5
3.0

100.0
37.4
8.4
29.0
14.4
40.7
7.6

100.0
34.2
6.3
27.9
17.1
41.5
7.2

3.1
1.0
1.9
.9

2.4
.9
1.6
.7

3.7
.8
1.0
.2

2.9
.7
.8
.1

2.4
.9
2.6
.5

2.0
1.0
2.3
.4

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1966

Black

White

Sept.
1987

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
September 1987
Total unemployed

Duration of unemployment

Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over

Total, 16 years and over....
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Thousands
of persons

Percent

6,857

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

100.0

49.5

2,942
643
2,299
1,086
1,975
854

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

2,783

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

25.7

24.8

10.9

14.0

37.6
59.9
31.3
59.7
58.1
57.2

27.0
21.0
28.7
21.7
26.0
26.1

35.4
19.1
40.0
18.6
15.9
16.7

15.0

20.4
8.3
23.8

100.0

39.2

25.3

35.5

13.2

22.2

1,789
432
1,357
423
486
85

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

34.2
57.2
26.9
51.6
47.1
37.9

25.0
21.7
26.1
22.3
28.4
29.0

40.8
21.1
47.0
26.2
24.5
33.1

15.7
11.6
17.0
6.7
8.5
20.3

25.1
9.5
30.0
19.4
16.0
12.9

2,833

100.0

51.3

27.4

21.3

10.5

10.9

969
178
791
485
1,175
205

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

37.4
61.0
32.1
61.0
57.6
57.4

31.3
21.4
33.6
22.0
27.2
22.7

31.3
17.6
34.3
17.0
15.2
19.8

15.8
10.7
17.0

15.4

1,240

100.0

68.3

22.9

8.8

184
33
151
178
314
565

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

71.4

23.2

0

0

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

5.4

26.3
19.4
17.6
26.9

67.4
75.6
77.3
60.0

10.8
16.2
6.1
7.4
10.6

12.5
8.6
6.1

6.8
7.5

6.8
17.4
10.2
7.7

11.0

8.8

6.4

2.4

4.1

O

O

6.4
5.0
5.2
13.1

4.8
2.6
4.9
9.1

1.3

0
1.6
2.4
.2
4.1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-16. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Full-time workers

Total
Duration of unemployment

Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
,

24




Thousands of persons

Percent distribution
Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Thousands of persons
Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Percent distribution
Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

8,015

6,857

100.0

100.0

6,321

5,228

100.0

100.0

3,594
2,323
1,675
648
2,097
908
1,190
474
715

3,391
1,764
1,250
515
1,701
744
957
411
546

44.8
29.0
20.9
8.1
26.2
11.3
14.8
5.9
8.9

49.5
25.7
18.2
7.5
24.8
10.9
14.0
6.0
8.0

2,456
1,954
1,414
540
1,911
802
1,109
444
665

2,253
1,442
1,036
407
1,532
649
884
384
500

38.9
30.9
22.4
8.5
30.2
12.7
17.5
7.0
10.5

43.1
27.6
19.8
7.8
29.3
12.4
16.9
7.3
9.6

15.0
6.3

13.9
5.1

17.0
7.8

16.0
6.8

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17.

Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment

Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks

Thousands of persons
21
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

September 1987

Unemployed
less than
5 weeks

Unemployed
15 weeks
and over

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

6,857
1,240
1,348
1,898
1,259
629
394
89

3,391
847
761
875
527
231
115
35

1,764
284
349
526
344
129
109
23

744
79
124
229
149
91
62
9

957
30
114
268
239
177
108
21

13.9
6.2
9.9
13.6
17.7
23.4
24.8
23.3

5.1
3.7
4.4
5.9
7.2
10.2
11.5
8.5

44.8
58.9
49.2
41.5
38.9
36.5
33.5
43.6

49.5
68.3
56.5
46.1
41.9
36.8
29.2
39.4

26.2
10.3
22.8
27.1
31.5
37.5
46.4
35.2

24.8
8.8
17.7
26.2
30.8
42.7
43.1
34.5

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,437
653
648
909
597
369
218
43

1,540
448
352
380
178
115
53
14

852
147
163
239
161
71
59
13

409
41
71
118
86
53
36
3

636
17
63
173
172
129
70
13

16.9
6.2
11.0
16.4
24.5
27.6
28.0

6.5
3.6
4.6
7.5
11.9
14.6
14.3

40.4
56.0
46.7
36.7
31.5
29.1
30.8

30.2
11.8
24.4
31.7
37.0
45.9
51.0

30.4
8.9
20.6
32.0
43.3
49.5
48.8

0

O

0

44.8
68.6
54.3
41.7
29.8
31.3
24.3

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,420
587
700
989
663
260
176
46

1,851
399
409
495
350
116
62
21

913
137
186
287
184
58
51
10

335
38
53
111
63
38
26
7

321
13
51
96
67
48
37
8

11.0
6.3
8.8
11.0
11.6
17.5
20.8

4.6
3.7
4.3
5.0
4.7
7.0
9.7

49.7
62.2
52.0
46.2
47.0
44.4
37.8

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

5,033
2,590
2,443

2,551
1,177
1,374

1,292
644
648

526
317
209

664
452
212

13.6
16.7
10.3

4.9
6.3
4.4

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,619
716
903

734
292
442

421
181
240

193
77
116

271
167
104

15.2
18.2
12.9

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,337
395
1,705

459
119
962

362
98
392

187
58
164

330
119
187

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,284
811
1,325

697
370
784

363
218
332

117
99
119

106
124
91

0

0

54.1
67.9
58.5
50.1
52.7
44.7
35.2

21.8
8.7
21.1
22.8
25.6
28.5
39.4

19.2
8.8
14.9
20.9
19.5
33.1
36.0

O

O

0

45.7
41.1
50.9

50.7
45.4
56.2

25.5
29.6
21.0

23.6
29.7
17.2

6.5
8.7
5.3

41.8
37.8
45.7

45.3
40.7
49.0

28.2
32.5
23.9

28.7
34.0
24.4

20.9
24.5
11.9

9.9
12.7
4.4

32.2
38.3
47.1

34.3
30.2
56.4

39.7
31.9
22.7

38.7
45.0
20.6

10.4
14.8
9.2

4.6
6.2
4.2

50.4
41.1
53.7

54.3
45.7
59.2

21.0
32.0
17.0

17.4
27.5
15.8

0

0

0

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment

Occupation and industry

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks

Thousands of persons
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

Unemployed Unemployed
15 weeks
less than
and over
5 weeks

Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept.
1986 1987 1986 1987

September 1987
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

689
1,622
1,197
742
1,502

219

290
806
680
328
668
120

200
470
271
176
361
51

89
176
91
79
187
24

110
170
154
158
286
24

15.9
11.8
12.5
17.5
17.2
12.7

7.4
5.1
4.4
6.8
6.6
4.6

41.5
47.8
46.6
38.4
42.5
47.5

42.1
49.7
56.9
44.3
44.5
54.6

28.0
23.6
26.1
31.5
31.5
23.0

28.9
21.3
20.5
32.0
31.5
22.0

65
301
537
288
249
126
738
980

91

34
149
252
158
93
82
378
528
67

18
81
162
98
64
28
132
192
27

15
105
242
138
104
55
196
203
41

14.4
14.1
18.3
18.2
18.4
17.3
13.0
12.1
16.5

5.1
5.8
6.7
7.6
5.4
6.5
4.9
5.0
7.5

49.5
45.9
36.4
33.5
40.0
44.5
46.0
47.3
44.6

48.9
47.3
45.0
42.2
48.7
43.4
51.1
51.5
40.2

24.8
22.4
36.4
41.4
30.3
33.3
24.8
24.1
27.3

25.3
29.3
33.9
34.6
32.9
28.5
22.7
20.8
29.9

488

223

91

52

9.7

4.4

49.1

57.2

16.6

16.7

1

INDUSTRY
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration
No previous work experience

Includes wage and salary workers only.

26




132
636
1,193

683
510

290
1,445

1,903
225
854

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
September 1987
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race
Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

Average
number of
methods
used

Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

6,857
1,240
1,348
1,898
1,259
629
394
89

6,035
1,180
1,182
1,660
1,088
520
323
83

20.9
11.9
18.9
25.0
26.7
24.4
16.1
14.5

5.9
3.3
6.3
5.3
7.1
9.2
7.4
9.6

75.2
79.7
74.0
75.1
74.8
72.1
75.9
51.8

34.9
27.5
33.2
38.4
39.0
37.5
33.7
30.1

15.7
13.9
12.9
14.2
17.9
20.6
23.8
19.3

5.6
5.1
3.0
5.1
6.9
8.3
9.6
7.2

1.58
1.41
1.48
1.63
1.72
1.72
1.67
1.33

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,437
653
648
909
597
369
218
43

2,889
607
549
740
All
294
183
39

21.6
11.4
20.9
25.3
29.8
25.9
15.8

0

5.1
1.5
6.7
4.1
6.7
8.2
7.7

0

76.2
80.4
73.2
78.2
75.9
74.1
69.9

32.8
26.9
33.2
35.0
37.1
34.0
32.2

18.9
17.0
16.4
16.6
21.0
27.2
24.0

6.6
4.8
2.9
5.0
9.2
12.2
15.8

1.61
1.42
1.53
1.64
1.80
1.82
1.66

O

0

0

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,420
587
700
989
663
260
176
46

3,147
573
633
920
610
226
141
44

20.1
12.4
17.1
24.8
24.4
22.6
16.3

6.7
5.2
5.8
6.4
7.4
10.6
7.1

36.9
28.3
33.5
41.1
40.7
42.5
35.5

12.7
10.6
9.8
12.3
15.6
12.4
22.7

4.5
5.4
3.0
5.1
5.2
2.7
2.1

1.55
1.41
1.44
1.62
1.68
1.61
1.67

O

0

White, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

5,033
2,590
2,443

4,373
2,140
2,232

19.9
21.2
18.7

6.6
5.7
7.4

75.1
75.5
74.6

36.7
34.7
38.6

Black, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

1,619
716
903

1,477
634
843

24.1
23.0
24.9

4.3
3.2
5.1

75.5
79.2
72.7

30.3
27.4
32.6

0

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

0

0

0

74.4
78.7
74.7
72.6
74.3
69.9
83.0

0

0

15.8
19.0
12.7

6.1
7.2
5.0

1.60
1.63
1.57

14.2
15.5
13.0

4.1
5.5
3.2

1.52
1.54
1.52

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

A-20. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
September 1987
Thousands of persons
Sex and reason
Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

Average
number of
methods
used

Total 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

6,857
2,942
1,086
1,975
854

6,035
2,305
1,073
1,821
835

20.9
27.2
17.7
19.8
9.9

5.9
6.6
6.0
5.5
4.7

75.2
77.4
74.9
70.4
80.4

34.9
35.7
40.3
34.7
26.8

15.7
17.4
14.8
15.0
13.5

5.6
5.8
5.2
6.2
3.8

1.58
1.70
1.59
1.52
1.39

Men 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,437
1,915
527
657
338

2,889
1,455
518
589
328

21.6
26.0
20.3
17.5
11.6

5.1
6.3
4.6
3.7
3.4

76.2
77.0
77.2
70.1
81.1

32.8
33.5
34.9
31.2
29.6

18.9
19.0
16.2
21.6
17.4

6.6
7.1
3.1
10.4
3.4

1.61
1.69
1.56
1.54
1.46

Women, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,420
1,026
559
1,318

3,147
850
556
1,232

20.1
29.1
15.3
20.9

6.7
7.2
7.2

507

8.9

36.9
39.5
45.1
36.2
25.0

12.7
14.6
13.5
11.8
11.2

4.5
3.6
7.2

516

74.4
77.8
72.7
70.5
80.1

1.55
1.72
1.61
1.50
1.35

1
Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within




6.5
5.5

4.1
4.1

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Total
Industry and age

All industries

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years

55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
Nonagricultural industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

28




Women

Men

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

110,229
6,143
2,542
3,601
13,673
75,987
32,605
26,330
17,052
11,452
6,951
4,501
2,974

113,027
6,305
2,614
3,691
13,438
78,697
33,454
27,557
17,686
11,476
6,964
4,513
3,110

61,243
3,207

62,622
3,248
1,320

48,986

50,405
3,057
1,294

3,266
246
126
120
393
1,852
787
580
486
485
269
216
290
106,963
5,897
2,416
3,481
13,280
74,135
31,819
25,750
16,566
10,967
6,682
4,285
2,684

1,337
1,870
7,170
42,454
18,345

1,928
7,062
43,746

2,936
1,204
1,732
6,504
33,533

1,762
6,377
34,952
14,688

14,261
11,825
7,447
4,789
2,921

1,749

18,766
15,144
9,835
6,669
4,002
2,666
1,897

3,277
229
111
119
383
1,901
815
611
476
459
234
226
305

2,586
211
102
109
330

2,627
194
97
97
329

1,398
622
426
350
392
208
184
254

1,468

680
34
24
11
63
454
164
153
136
93

650
35
13
22
54
433

61
32
36

61
33
35

109,750
6,076
2,504
3,572
13,055
76,797
32,639
26,947
17,210
11,017
6,730
4,287
2,805

58,657
2,996
1,235

59,995
3,054
1,223

48,306
2,902

49,755
3,022

1,760
6,839
41,056

1,831

1,180
1,721
6,441

1,281
1,741

14,505
9,605
6,663
4,030
2,633

17,722
14,079
9,255
6,271
3,822

2,449
1,495

646
472
350
366
173

193
270

6,732
42,278
18,121

14,672
9,485
6,303
3,829
2,474
1,627

1,868

1,225

33,079
14,096
11,672

7,311
4,696
2,860
1,836
1,189

12,413
7,851
4,808
2,962
1,846
1,212

169
139
125

93

6,323
34,519
14,519

12,274
7,725
4,714

2,901
1,813

1,178

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Total
Occupation

16 years
and over
Sept.
1986

Total

Women

Men

Sept.
1987

16 years
and over
Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

20 years
and over
Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

20 years
and over

16 years
and over
Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

110,229 113,027 61,243 62,622 58,036 59,373 48,986 50,405 46,051 47,349

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations

26,903 28,107 15,226 15,743 15,165 15,656 11,676 12,364 11,577 12,276
8,577 8,130 8,545 4,737 5,116 4,695 5,074
12,888 13,692 8,151
234
236
234
334
332
550
313
237
314
568
8,959 9,476 6,025 6,372 6,007 6,346 2,934 3,104 2,899 3,072
1,871 1,809 1,867 1,566 1,777 1,559 1,768
1,813
3,379 3,648
7,075 7,167 7,036 7,112 6,939 7,248 6,882 7,202
14,014 14,415
112
112
117
118
1,610 1,664 1,608
1,666
1,722
1,784
249
232
250
236
406
380
656
616
379
407
99
103
99
103
318
304
417
407
304
318
152
104
152
103
690
618
842
721
618
690
294
278
278
2,026 2,203
290 1,748 1,909 1,747 1,909
245
246
249
249
380
380
352
601
629
349
950
972
966
3,538
3,541
939 2,569 2,588 2,549 2,570
106
125
541
124
106
538
535
665
644
541
2,004 1,911
1,939
3,770
3,646
1,970 1,707 1,766 1,680 1,739

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

34,414 35,080 12,053 12,308 11,484 11,673 22,361 22,771 20,816 21,200
1,741 1,870 1,714 1,624 1,692 1,607 1,676
1,909
3,532 3,432
962 1,000
213
194
1,223
1,166
191
972 1,010
205
219
216
221
842
963
1,063
1,182
942
219
829
457
429
460
686
752
1,146
1,185
738
432
680
7,007 6,420 6,620 6,380 6,463 5,469 5,518
13,171 13,470 6,791
3,448 3,562 2,412
1,036 1,182 1,014 1,151
2,380 2,378 2,371
912
908
947
2,295
2,275
933
1,348 1,326 1,338
1,342
253
290
266
1,567
1,499
300
1,301 1,187 1,300
1,199
5,903 5,985
1,954 1,515 1,591 4,080 4,031 3,228 3,165
1,823
29
38
38
61
45
14
31
23
21
15
17,711 18,177
3,353 3,561 3,194 3,339 14,358 14,616 13,739 14,005
420
451
455
291
422
312
310
291
767
713
529
610
627
236
556
316
304
245
801
944
87
75
82 5,045 4,843 4,837 4,662
79
4,930
5,124
176
190 2,212 2,176 2,169 2,139
196
185
2,398 2,372
287 , 327
343
292
613
595
622
638
964
931
2,028 1,802 1,858 5,831 6,172 5,496 ' 5,816
1,914
7,745 8,200

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

14,426 14,754
816
933
1,678
1,856
11,816 12,082
5,033 5,165
1,771
1,856
2,828
2,831
2,317
2,096

4,879
22
1,554
3,302
1,276
170
1,479
377

8,893
911
191
7,791
3,186
1,697
1,221
1,687

8,972
790
257
7,924
3,272
1,585
1,206
1,862

7,845
735
181
6,928
2,558
1,615
1,163
1,591

7,859
654
249
6,957
2,557
1,511
1,145
1,743

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,589 13,714 12,460 12,557 12,113 12,227
4,259
4,375
4,157
4,277
4,541
4,405
4,829 4,772
5,078 5,047 4,990 4,933
3,193
3,126
4,106
4,126
3,196
3,249

1,129
128
88
913

1,157
167
114
876

1,100
124
86
890

1,139
165
112
862

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,285 17,796 12,932 13,189 11,882 12,189
4,762
4,607
4,590
4,791
7,992 8,163
3,930 3,872 3,813
4,012
6,744 6,812
2,594
2,525
2,529
2,600
3,736 3,811
1,336
1,348
1,285
1,412
3,007 3,001
1,248
777
779
1,352
832
735
4,599 4,785
4,438
4,319
4,217
4,097
3,420 3,523 3,077 3,208 2,985
3,106
1,179
1,262
1,230
1,213
1,139
1,112
4,694
4,847
3,279
3,924 3,989 3,178
835
829
740
720
816
799
3,859 4,018
3,190 2,437
3,108
2,559

4,353
3,200
2,732
1,137
1,595
469
382
343
39
770
19
751

4,606
3,401
2,881
1,216
1,665
520
347
315
32
858
31
827

4,177
3,100
2,651
1,109
1,542
449
369
333
35
709
20
689

4,377
3,291
2,811
1,191
1,620
481
339
306
32
747
30
717

574
205
369

536
217
319

536
204
331

497
211
286

Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations




3,613
1,385
2,228

3,577
1,336
2,240

5,533
22
1,487
4,024
1,847
159
1,610
408

3,038
1,180
1,859

5,783
26
1,599
4,158
1,893
187
1,622
455

3,041
1,119
1,921

4,647
22
1,456
3,169
1,224
154
1,429
362

2,744
1,171
1,574

2,749
1,114
1,635

29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Women

Men

Total
Occupation and race

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

110,229
100.0

113,027
100.0

61,243
100.0

62,622
100.0

48,986
100.0

50,405
100.0

24.4
11.7
12.7
31.2
3.2
11.9
16.1
13.1
.8
1.5
10.7

24.9
12.1
12.8

24.9

25.1
13.7

23.8

13.3

11.6

11.4

31.0
3.0

19.7
3.1
11.1
5.5
9.0

19.7

14.2
45.6
3.3
13.0

24.5
10.1
14.4
45.2
3.4
12.8

29.3

29.0

12.3
15.7
7.3
4.2
4.3
3.3

12.1
15.7
7.2
4.2
4.3
3.2

2.4
6.6
20.3
21.1
7.8
6.9
6.4
5.0

18.2
1.9
.4
15.9
2.3
8.9
6.5
.8
1.6
1.2

17.8
1.6
.5
15.7
2.3
9.1
6.7
.7
1.7
1.1

96,262
100.0

98,261
100.0

54,099
100.0

55,014
100.0

42,164
100.0

43,247
100.0

25.4
12.4

25.9

25.9

12.8
13.1
31.5
3.0

14.1
11.8
20.1
3.2
11.8
5.2
8.1

26.2
14.5
11.7
20.0
2.8
11,8
5.3
8.3
1
()
2.4

24.8
10.2
14.6
46.8
3.3
13.8
29.7
16.8

5.9

5.9
5.1

20.8
19.7
7.2
6.6
5.8
5.0

14.9
2.3
8.2
5.9
.8
1.5
1.3

25.5
10.7
14.8
46.1
3.3
13.3
29.5
16.5
1.3
.5
14.7
2,3
8.4
6.1
.7
1.6
1.2

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) .
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

11.9
16.1
13.1
.7
1.6

10.7

O

2.8

11.2
5.7
9.2

O
2.6
6.6
20.1
21.1
7.6
7.1

6.4
4.9

9.7

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) .
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

13.0
31.8
3.2
12.6

15.9

12.5

6.8
4.0
4.0
3.4

16.0
11.9
.6
1.5
9.8
12.7
14.7
6.7
4.0
4,0
3.3

10,785
100.0

11,398
100.0

5,404
100.0

5,749
100.0

5,381
100.0

5,649
100.0

14.9
5.9
9.0
26.4
2.5
6.4
17.5
23.0
2.2
2.4

14.8
6.2
8.6
27.3
2.7
7.2
17.3
22.2
1.7
2.7
17.8
8.3

13.1
5.8
7.3
14.8
2.0
5.0
7.8
17.0
.1
3.9
13.0
15.9
34.9
11.5
11.4
12.0
4.2

12.7
6.2
6.5
15.7

16.6

17.0
6.2
10.9
39.0
3.5
9.4

11.9
.7
1.4
9.8
12.7
14.8

O
2.3
5.8
20.9
19.9
7.5
6.5

1.5
.3

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) .
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Less than 0.05 percent.

30




18.4
9.2
24.1
10.8
6.1
7.2
2.4

25.1
11.0
6.7
7.4
2.3

1.9

5.1
8.7
17.1
.1
4.3
12.7
14.5
35.9
11.3
12.5
12.2
4.1

5.9
10.7
38.1

2.9
7.9
27.2
29.0
4.2
.9
23.9
2.4
13.4
10,2
.9
2.4
.5

26.1
27.4
3,4

1.0
23.0
19
14.0
10.7

.9
2.5
.5

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
September 1987
Agriculture

Nonagricultural industries
Age and sex

Wage and salary workers

Total

Private
household Government
workers

Other

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

SelfWage and
employed
salary
workers
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

101,229
6,006
2,476
3,529
12,655
30,615
24,460
15,500
9,756
6,006
3,750
2,238

1,088
213
128
85
110
145
190
146
162
94
68
121

16,864
258
64
195
1,120
4,383
5,261
3,404
2,059
1,319
740
379

83,277
5,534
2,284
3,250
11,424
26,087
19,009
11,950
7,535
4,594
2,942
1,738

8,217
55
23
32
364
1,946
2,424
1,646
1,227
705
522
556

303
15
4
11
36
78
64
64
34
19
15
11

1,670
187
91
96
302
527
284
180
124
79
45
67

1,477
19
8
11
70
261
312
274
321
149
172
220

130
23
12
12
10
26
14
22
15
6
9
18

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

54,558
3,013
1,207
1,806
6,475
16,869
13,106
8,412
5,450
3,348
2,102
1,233

180
68
45
23
24
22
24
17
9
5
3
16

8,065
143
31
112
514
2,073
2,457
1,646
1,040
665
375
192

46,313
2,802
1,131
1,671
5,937
14,774
10,626
6,749
4,400
2,677
1,723
1,025

5,376
29
13
16
234
1,242
1,565
1,067
852
481
371
386

60
12
3
9
23
9
1
6
1

1,222
12
4
8
65
221
251
212
266
115
151
195

54
23
11
12
9
5
1
1
2

1
8

1,351
159
82
77
256
419
220
138
97
59
39
62

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

46,671
2,992
1,269
1,724
6,180
13,746
11,353
7,088
4,307
2,659
1,648
1,005

908
145
83
62
86
123
166
130
153
89
65
105

8,799
115
33
82
606
2,310
2,804
1,758
1,018
653
365
186

36,964
2,732
1,153
1,579
5,487
11,313
8,383
5,201
3,135
1,917
1,218
713

2,841
26
11
16
130
704
858
579
375
224
151
169

243
3
1
2
13
69
63
58
33
19
14
4

319
28
9
18
46
108
64
42
26
20
6
5

255
7
4
3
6
40
61
62
54
34
20
24

76

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over




3
13

2
21
14
21
13
6
7
5

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
September 1987
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries .
Professional services...
Public administration

Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

Precision
Machine
Farming,
producoperHandlers, forestry,
tion,
Transporators,
equipment
and
craft,
tation
assemcleaners, fishing
and
and
blers,
helpers,
repair
material
and
and
inspec- moving
laborers
tors

Total
Executive,
emTechniAdminisadminisployed
cians
Profestrative Private
trative,
Other
and
sional
Sales support, house1
and
specialty related
including hold service
manasupport
clerical
gerial

3,277
816
7,668
21,252
12,719
8,533

80
125
966
2,395
1,467
928

84
94
157
1,671
1,157
514

8,014
23,351
4,639
18,711

914
1,993
539
1,454

7,883
35,537
1,090
34,447
22,808
5,229

1,987
4,083
2
4,081
2,286
1,149

25
33
62
686
454
232

16
14
57
692
278
414

97
75
454
2,488
1,442
1,046

15
16
29
327
182
145

29
258
4,354
4,030
2,816
1,213

24
20
75
6,812
3,811
3,001

73
127
564
800
422
377

470
368
65
303

252
303
104 9,709
42 1,828
61 7,881

2,174
2,285
786
1,499

266
4,343
33
4,311

1,296
1,507
339
1,168

117
337
142
195

1,733
930
483
447

472
1,730

180
10,698
5
10,693
9,500
693

159 1,882
1,898
781
10
2
1,889
779
1,591
157
215
15

3,151
6,003
6
5,996
4,258
1,450

269
7,409
100
7,309
4,007
1,266

148
1,845
13
1,831
367
248

21
722

8
490
2
487

13
344
5
338
94
33

816
816

722
165
36

10
51

929
1,265

609
657

2,824
2
22
88
81
7
17
45
15
30

367
1,362

288
60

67
449
129
320

96
63

Includes protective service, not shown separately.

A-26. Employed civilians with a Job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers1

Total
Reason not working and sex

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Paid absences
Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987

Unpaid absences
Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987
2,054
678
665

Total 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
All other reasons

4,742
2,500
1,166
33
85
958

5,804
3,344
1,254
31
89
1,085

4,669
2,472
1,138
31
85
943

5,711
3,308
1,228
22
89
1,065

2,425
1,785
393

3,109
2,366
484

1,750
456
644

248

259

650

Men 16 vears and over
Vacation
Illness
AH other reasons3

2,443
1,332
627
484

2,930
1,757
672
500

2,384
1,308
605
470

2,850
1,731
645
473

1,302
1,011
199
92

1,694
1,321
264
108

817
179
356
282

865
281
335
249

Women 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

2,299
1,168
538
592

2,874
1,588
582
705

2,285
1,163
533
587

2,861
1,576
583
703

1,122
773
194
155

1,415
1,045
220
150

935
278
288
368

1,188
395
330
462

1

Excludes private household workers.
Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
2

32




3

O
O

712

Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27.

Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
September 1987

All
industries
Total, 16 years and over

Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Hours of work

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

All
industries

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

107,223

3,185

104,038

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours

45,963
684
4,550
14,539
26,190

1,014
41
199
438
336

44,949
643
4,351
14,101
25,854

42.9
.6
4.2
13.6
24.4

31.9
1.3
6.3
13.8
10.6

43.2
.6
4.2
13.6
24.9

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

61,260
7,084
28,663
25,513
8,265
9,481
7,767

2,169
161
530
1,478
202
410
866

59,091
6,923
28,133
24,035
8,063
9,071
6,901

57.1
6.6
26.7
23.8
7.7
8.8
7.2

68.1
5.1
16.7
46.4
6.3
12.9
27.2

56.8
6.7
27.0
23.1
7.7
8.7
6.6

37.1
40.9

44.3
51.8

36.9
40.6

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules

A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1987
Nonagricultural industries

All industries
Reason for working less than 35 hours

Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons




Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

44,949

27,601

17,348

4,650
1,899
39
250
56
2,405

1,343
998
39
250
56

3,307
901

26,258

1,538
751

40,299
11,672
1,584
866
219
35
22,534
1,506
1,881

1,167

1,506
714

23.4
30.2

20.7
19.1

21.5
26.3

23.4
30.2

20.7
19.1

546
22,312

789
2,543

1,244
24,610

510
22,144

734
2,466

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

45,963

27,986

17,977

4,937
2,070
43
264
62
2,497

1,444
1,075
43
264
62

3,493
995

41,025
12,039
1,610
886
282
35
22,667
1,538
1,968

26,540

1,217

21.5
26.3

1,335
24,855

Total

2,497

1,610
729
282
35
22,667

14,485
12,039
157

Total

2,405

1,584
716
219
35
22,534

14,041
11,672
150

33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Persons at work In nonagrlcultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1987

Industry

Total
at
work

On part
time
for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours
or more
hours
or less

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

104,038

4,650

14,041

85,347

61,312

8,063

15,972

36.9

40.6

96,013

4,045

12,694

79,274

58,214

7,578

13,482

36.6

40.2

760

19

19

722

388

116

218

43.8

45.0

5,979

349

261

5,369

3,954

481

934

37.8

39.8

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

19,820
11,862
7,957

415
156
260

611
283
327

18,794
11,423
7,370

13,970
8,606
5,362

2,037
1,195
843

2,787
1,622
1,165

38.6
38.7
38.6

39.6
39.3
40.0

Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

7,107
20,447
6,863

191
1,387
128

392
4,762
637

6,524
14,298

4,675
9,562
4,828

632
1,742
438

1,217
2,994
832

39.3
35.4
36.3

41.0
41.7
38.4

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

30,132
1,040
29,092
4,907

1,492
199
1,293
62

5,735
489
5,246
277

22,905
352
22,553
4,568

17,206
238
16,968
3,637

1,838
36
1,802
294

3,861
78
3,783
637

35.0
24.2
35.4
37.8

40.1
43.8
40.0
39.2

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

7,722
303

587
18

1,240
107

5,895
178

2,996
102

475
10

2,424
66

39.7
35.7

46.4
46.0

Total, 16 years and over
Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

34




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1987
On full-time schedules

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

Total

40 hours
or less

41 hours
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

85,347
2,077
270
1,809
83,270
9,658
73,610
49,711
22,662
1,238

61,312
1,710
244
1,467
59,603
7,285
52,317
34,903
16,505
911

24,035
367
26
342
23,667
2,373
21,293
14,808
6,157
327

36.9
24.9
18.1
29.7
37.6
35.4
37.9
38.4
37.8
28.4

40.6
38.3
35.7
38.7
40.7
39.9
40.7
40.9
40.6
40.2

50,946
1,152
158
993
49,794
5,289
44,506
29,816
13,897
793

33,433
913
140
772
32,520
3,686
28,835
18,937
9,347
551

17,513
239
18
221
17,274
1,603
15,671
10,879
4,550
242

39.7
26.0
18.8
30.8
40.5
37.4
40.9
41.5
40.6
30.5

42.2
38.9
35.8
39.3
42.2
41.3
42.4
42.6
42.0
41.4

11,516
1,069

465
1,851
1,201
591
58

653
8,158
1,233
6,925
4,200
2,161
565

34,402
926
111
814
33,474
4,369
29,105
19,896
8,764
446

27,881
798
102
693
27,081
3,598
23,483
15,969
7,156
361

6,521
128
9
121
6,393
771
5,622
3,927
1,608
85

33.4
23.8
17.5
28.4
34.0
33.2
34.1
34.6
34.0
25.6

38.3
37.7
35.5
38.0
38.3
38.1
38.4
38.4
38.3
38.0

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

90,322
50,133
40,189

3,768
1,654
2,115

12,859
3,746
9,112

73,695
44,733
28,962

51,763
28,596
23,167

21,932
16,137
5,795

36.9
40.0
33.1

40.8
42.4
38.4

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

10,563
5,277
5,285

726
312
414

864
281
583

8,973
4,684
4,288

7,506
3,751
3,756

1,467
933
532

36.2
37.7
34.6

39.0
40.0
38.0

37,073
5,480

890
258
901

1,217
229
2,705

34,966
4,993
10,986

22,321
3,209
7,901

12,645
1,784
3,085

41.3
40.7
35.4

42.6
42.6
40.7

1,272
569
759

5,899
1,084
2,908

18,837
7,533
8,032

15,540
5,854
6,487

3,297
1,679
1,545

33.0
35.9
32.3

37.9
39.4
38.5

Sex, age, race, and marital status

Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part time

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years

104,038

5,906
2,439
3,467

16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

98,132
12,605
85,527

56,674
26,319
2,534

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

57,145

2,961
1,189
1,772

54,184
6,538
47,646

4,650
509
92
416
4,141
914
3,228
2,122
999
107

14,041
3,320
2,077
1,242

2,049
223
34
189
1,826
449

4,150
1,586
997
590
2,564
800

1,377

1,763
641
499
623

31,377
14,804
1,465

920
408
49

46,894
2,945

2,601
286
58
228
2,316

1,250
1,695

43,948
6,067
37,881

25,297

10,721
2,033
8,689
4,841
2,658
1,189

9,891
1,733
1,081

RACE

MARITAL STATUS
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)




14,592
26,008

9,186
11,699

35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
September 1987
Average
hours,
Average
workers
hours,
on full49
total
41 to 48
time
hours
at work
hours
schedor more
ules

On full-time schedules
Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1

Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part
time

Total

40
hours
or less

103,752

4,598

13,959

85,195

61,104

8,087

16,004

36.9

40.6

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .

26,601

433
154
279
1,176
60
620

2,315
606
1,708
5,918
387
2,638

23,853
12,288
11,565
26,206
2,823

15,673
7,619
8,054

6,110
3,525
2,585
3,954

496

4,641

144
50
1,202
610
984
334
236
413

2,894
3,936
369
150

451

39.5
41.3
37.7
35.3
36.3
37.4
33.5
32.9
24.8
42.2
32.1
39.0
37.8
37.6
41.1
34.9

41.8
42.7
41.0
39.4
38.8
43.2
36.8
41.5
44.9
45.4
40.5
40.5
40.5
39.1
44.1
39.5

1

56,746

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .

15,015
8,220
6,796

Men, 16 years and over

Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.

36




13,048

13,552
33,300
3,270
12,853
17,178
13,993
773

1,729
11,491
13,001
16,856
7,732
4,484

11,775
1,676
6,742
3,357
5,483
26
1,490
3,967
11,947
12,525
4,522
4,168
3,836

3,418
387
1,403
350
336
718

1,529
6,871
12,005
14,470
7,048
3,912
3,510

10,458
5,489
2,315
2,653

2,070
1,143
927
2,274
233
1,079
962
797
29
191
577
1,340
1,606
761
439
406

1,989

4,035

50,722

33,183

5,323

12,216

39.8

42.2

191

649
225
423

14,175
7,908
6,267
10,404
1,554
5,947
2,903
4,091
15
1,355
2,721

1,284
788
496
1,128
113
743
271
373
2
164
207
1,282

4,536
2,684
1,852
2,710
260
2,087

43.5
44.1
42.9
42.6
39.7
45.0
39.2
42.9

1,256
497
422
337

855
4
385
465
1,984
2,131
615
1,128
388

42.1
43.1
40.9
40.0
38.3
42.1
36.6
36.7

10,947
4,230
3,755
2,961

8,355
4,436
3,919
6,566
1,180
3,116
2,270
2,864
8
807
2,049
7,838
7,560
3,118
2,205
2,237

34,473

27,920

2,765

3,788

33.4

38.3

9,678

7,318
3,184
4,134
13,412
1,051
2,708
9,653
3,561
157
124
3,280
731
2,898
2,371
111
417

786
355

1,574
841
733
1,244
98
605
541
584
62
23
500
111
275
183

36.0
38.3
34.4
32.7
34.2
32.3
32.7
30.5
24.5
34.8
31.0
36.0
34.7
35.6
30.0
33.1

39.4
40.1
38.7
37.2
37.6
40.3
36.2
40.3
44.7
41.9
39.9
38.7
37.8
37.5
39.9
39.1

1,396

86
105
240
18
139
83
338

1,131
104
656
371

1
34
303
552
668
141
195
332

1,055
11
100
943
290
910
151
217
542

47,006

2,609

9,924

11,585
4,829
6,757
21,525

241
68

1,666
381
1,285
4,787
283
1,982
2,523
2,881
358

1,593
6,111
13,821
8,510
746
240
7,524

1,055
4,331
3,210
317
805

174
936
42
481

413
1,059
143
16
899
58
316
193
41
81

49
2,474
97
493
199
1T9
175

9,595
13,788
8,661
260

11,105

4,380
5,298
15,802

1,269
3,649
10,885
4,570
245
174
4,150
900
3,523
2,818
157

549

19,978
2,231
5,824

11,922
6,425
165

931
5,329
8,570

431
1,146
120
335
691
425
27
27
370
58
350
264

17
69

359
2,692
903
1,438
66
407
965
2,095
2,406
798
1,158

363

29
63

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

43.3
34.3
39.3
38.8
39.0
42.0
35.2

O
45.9
41.4
40.7
41.4
40.1
44.3
39.6

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1987

1986
Employment status and sex
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

182,713
119,988
65.7
111,703
61.1
1,716
109,987
3,142
106,845
8,285
6.9
62,725

182,935
120,163
65.7
111,941
61.2
1,749
110,192
3,162
107,030
8,222
6.8
62,772

183,114
120,426
65.8
112,183
61.3
1,751
110,432
3,215
107,217
8,243
6.8
62,688

183,297
120,336
65.7
112,387
61.3
1,750
110,637
3,161
107,476
7,949
6.6
62,961

183,575
120,782
65.8
112,759
61.4
1,748
111,011
3,145
107,866
8,023
6.6
62,793

183,738
121,089
65.9
113,122
61.6
1,740
111,382
3,236
108,146
7,967
6.6
62,649

183,915
120,958
65.8
113,104
61.5
1,736
111,368
3,284
108,084
7,854
6.5
62,957

184,079
121,070
65.8
113,570
61.7
1,735
111,835
3,290
108,545
7,500
6.2
63,009

184,259
121,719
66.1
114,173
62.0
1,726
112,447
3,335
109,112
7,546
6.2
62,540

184,421
121,235
65.7
113,975
61.8
1,718
112,257
3,178
109,079
7,260
6.0
63,187

184,605
121,672
65.9
114,447
62.0
1,720
112,727
3,219
109,508
7,224
5.9
62,933

184,738
122,038
66.1
114,817
62.2
1,736
113,081
3,092
109,989
7,221
5.9
62,700

184,904
121,604
65.8
114,515
61.9
1,743
112,772
3,170
109,602
7,089
5.8
63,300

87,556
67,128
76.7
62,528
71.4
1,560
60,968
4,600
6.9
20,428

87,682
67,130
76.6
62,565
71.4
1,590
60,975
4,565
6.8
20,552

87,773
67,407
76.8
62,833
71.6
1,592
61,241
4,574
6.8
20,366

87,868
67,425
76.7
62,986
71.7
1,593
61,393
4,439
6.6
20,443

88,020
67,672
76.9
63,187
71.8
1,591
61,596
4,484
6.6
20,348

88,099
67,764
76.9
63,335
71.9
1,584
61,751
4,429
6.5
20,335

88,186
67,644
76.7
63,282
71.8
1,575
61,707
4,362
6.4
20,542

88,271
67,603
76.6
63,417
71.8
1,575
61,842
4,186
6.2
20,668

88,361
67,816
76.7
63,562
71.9
1,566
61,996
4,254
6.3
20,545

88,442
67,556
76.4
63,471
71.8
1,559
61,912
4,085
6.0
20,886

88,534
67,656
76.4
63,715
72.0
1,561
62,154
3,941
5.8
20,878

88,598
67,925
76.7
63,918
72.1
1,575
62,343
4,007
5.9
20,673

88,683
67,736
76.4
63,939
72.1
1,581
62,358
3,798
5.6
20,947

95,156
52,860
55.6
49,175
51.7
156
49,019
3,685
7.0
42,296

95,253
53,033
55.7
49,376
51.8
159
49,217
3,657
6.9
42,220

95,341
53,019
55.6
49,350
51.8
159
49,191
3,669
6.9
42,322

95,429
52,911
55.4
49,401
51.8
157
49,244
3,510
6.6
42,518

95,556
53,110
55.6
49,572
51.9
157
49,415
3,538
6.7
42,446

95,639
53,325
55.8
49,787
52.1
156
49,631
3,538
6.6
42,314

95,729
53,314
55.7
49,822
52.0
161
49,661
3,492
6.6
42,415

95,808
53,467
55.8
50,153
52.3
160
49,993
3,314
6.2
42,341

95,898
53,903
56.2
50,611
52.8
160
50,451
3,292
6.1
41,995

95,979
53,679
55.9
50,504
52.6
159
50,345
3,175
5.9
42,300

96,071
54,016
56.2
50,733
52.8
159
50,574
3,283
6.1
42,055

96,140
54,113
56.3
50,899
52.9
161
50,738
3,213
5.9
42,027

96,221
53,868
56.0
50,576
52.6
162
50,414
3,291
6.1
42,353

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
,
Percent of population2
1
Total employed
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
4
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident




Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1987

1986
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

180,997 181,186 181,363 181,547 181,827 181,998 182,179 182,344 182,533 182,703 182,885 183,002 183,161
118,272 118,414 118,675 118,586 119,034 119,349 119,222 119,335 119,993 119,517 119,952 120,302 119,861
65.4
65.7
65.6
65.4
65.7
65.4
65.3
65.3
65.4
65.6
65.4
65.5
65.4
109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382 111,368 111,835 112,447 112,257 112,727 113,081 112,772
61.6
61.8
61.6
61.4
61.6
61.1
60.9
60.8
60.8
61.2
60.9
61.1
61.3
7,089
8,285 8,222 8,243 7,949 8,023 7,967 7,854 7,500 7,546 7,260 7,224 7,221
5.9
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.3
6.6
6.7
7.0
6.9
6.7
6.9
6.7
6.3

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

78,722
61,412
78.0
57,607
73.2
2,286
55,321
3,805
6.2
17,310

78,802
61,409
77.9
57,595
73.1
2,297
55,298
3,814
6.2
17,393

78,874
61,703
78.2
57,883
73.4
2,303
55,580
3,820
6.2
17,171

78,973
61,826
78.3
58,101
73.6
2,289
55,812
3,725
6.0
17,147

79,132
61,948
78.3
58,227
73.6
2,254
55,974
3,720
6.0
17,184

79,216
61,973
78.2
58,325
73.6
2,300
56,024
3,648
5.9
17,243

79,303
61,983
78.2
58,410
73.7
2,411
55,999
3,573
5.8
17,320

79,387
61,976
78.1
58,567
73.8
2,411
56,155
3,409
5.5
17,411

79,474
62,156
78.2
58,721
73.9
2,441
56,280
3,436
5.5
17,318

79,536
62,057
78.0
58,620
73.7
2,307
56,313
3,437
5.5
17,479

79,625
62,116
78.0
58,793
73.8
2,343
56,450
3,323
5.4
17,509

79,668
62,053
77.9
58,818
73.8
2,254
56,564
3,235
5.2
17,615

79,740
62,045
77.8
58,957
73.9
2,355
56,601
3,089
5.0
17,695

87,779
48,920
55.7
45,905
52.3
614
45,291
3,015
6.2
38,859

87,856
49,014
55.8
46,020
52.4
612
45,408
2,994
6.1
38,842

87,933
49,043
55.8
46,067
52.4
675
45,392
2,976
6.1
38,890

88,016
48,923
55.6
46,058
52.3
621
45,437
2,865
5.9
39,093

88,150
49,161
55.8
46,261
52.5
628
45,633
2,900
5.9
38,989

88,237
49,348
55.9
46,475
52.7
641
45,835
2,873
5.8
38,889

88,321
49,355
55.9
46,498
52.6
589
45,909
2,857
5.8
38,966

88,395
49,466
56.0
46,751
52.9
587
46,164
2,715
5.5
38,929

88,464
49,774
56.3
47,094
53.2
634
46,460
2,680
5.4
38,690

88,546
49,714
56.1
47,126
53.2
615
46,512
2,588
5.2
38,832

88,632
49,971
56.4
47,288
53.4
619
46,669
2,683
5.4
38,661

88,685
49,989
56.4
47,324
53.4
603
46,722
2,664
5.3
38,696

88,785
49,882
56.2
47,179
53.1
585
46,594
2,703
5.4
38,903

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14,496 14,527 14,557 14,558 14,545 14,546 14,555 14,562 14,595 14,621 14,628 14,649 14,637
7,746 7,865 8,260 7,933
7,940 7,991
7,929 7,837 7,926 8,028 7,884 7,894 8,063
54.2
56.4
53.8
53.0
55.2
54.2
54.2
55.2
55.0
54.8
54.5
54.5
53.8
6,647 6,939 6,636
6,633 6,511
6,475 6,577 6,482 6,478 6,524 6,582 6,460 6,518
45.3
47.4
45.4
44.5
45.4
44.4
44.8
44.9
45.2
44.7
44.5
45.3
44.5
230
236
257
258
261
292
284
264
295
242
237
253
251
6,406
6,703
6,226 6,372 6,254 6,389
6,233 6,324 6,245 6,227 6,260 6,287 6,176
1,297
1,321
1,235
1,218
1,424
1,402
1,430
1,376
1,446
1,465
1,447
1,414
1,359
16.3
16.0
15.9
15.5
17.7
17.7
18.1
17.4
18.0
18.5
18.2
17.7
17.3
6,619
6,671
6,668 6,532 6,875 6,763 6,389 6,704
6,518
6,556 6,536 6,628 6,721

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional




population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1986
Sept.

Oct.

1987

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .,
Civilian labor force
...
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

155,723 155,856 155,979 156,111 156,313 156,431 156,561 156,676 156,811 156,930 157,058 157,134 157,242
102,158 102,297 102,455 102,503 102,746 102,893 102,797 102,894 103,573 103,106 103,272 103,614 103,278
65.7
65.8
65.9
66.1
65.7
65.7
65.7
65.8
65.7
65.7
65.7
65.6
65.6
96,000 96,147 96,281 96,533 96,717 96,995 96,998 97,340 98,050 97,716 97,958 98,299 97,995
62.3
62.4
62.6
62.5
62.3
62.1
62.0
62.0
61.9
61.8
61.7
61.7
61.6
5,283
5,314
5,315
5,554 5,524 5,390
5,970
5,898 5,799
6,029
6,174
6,150
6,158
5.1
5.1
5.1
5.3
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.7
5.9
5.8
6.0
6.0
6.0

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

53,727 53,757 54,015 54,172 54,182 54,175 54,107 54,051 54,314 54,213 54,214 54,164 54,152
78.1
78.2
78.3
78.4
78.6
78.3
78.4
78.6
78.7
78.8
78.4
78.7
78.3
50,845 50,845 51,089 51,286 51,297 51,362 51,364 51,462 51,755 51,581 51,682 51,714 51,771
74.7
74.7
74.6
74.7
74.9
74.6
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.6
74.1
74.4
74.2
2,382
2,449
2,532
2,632
2,558
2,589
2,743
2,813
2,885
2,886
2,926
2,912
2,882
4.4
4.5
4.7
4.9
4.7
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.3
5.4
5.4
4.8
5.4

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

41,547 41,598 41,540 41,514 41,680 41,762 41,828 41,982 42,239 42,159 42,280 42,418 42,312
55.7
55.9
55.7
55.6
55.8
55.3
55.2
55.2
55.0
55.5
55.1
55.2
55.2
39,365 39,431 39,399 39,456 39,568 39,735 39,839 40,041 40,343 40,318 40,379 40,535 40,395
53.2
53.4
53.2
53.2
53.2
52.9
52.7
52.6
52.4
52.3
52.3
52.3
52.3
1,917
1,882
1,902
1,841
1,895
1,941
2,028
2,058
1,989
2,111
2,141
2,167
2,182
4.5
4.4
4.5
4.4
5.0
4.5
4.6
4.8
4.9
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,884
57.9
5,790
48.7
1,094
15.9
16.6
15.1

6,942
58.4
5,871
49.4
1,071
15.4
15.7
15.2

6,900
58.0
5,793
48.7
1,107
16.0
16.3
15.7

6,817
57.3
5,791
48.7
1,026
15.1
15.5
14.6

6,885
57.8
5,852
49.2
1,033
15.0
16.1
13.8

6,955
58.4
5,898
49.5
1,057
15.2
16.0
14.3

6,862
57.5
5,795
48.5
1,067
15.5
17.1
13.9

6,861
57.4
5,837
48.9
1,024
14.9
16.7
13.1

7,021
58.7
5,951
49.8
1,070
15.2
17.3
13.1

6,734
56.3
5,817
48.6
917
13.6
14.5
12.7

6,778
56.6
5,898
49.3
880
13.0
13.0
13.0

7,033
58.8
6,049
50.6
984
14.0
15.4
12.5

6,814
57.0
5,829
48.8
985
14.5
15.3
13.6

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

20,056 20,089 20,120 20,152 20,187 20,218 20,249 20,279 20,312 20,341 20,373 20,396 20,426
12,652 12,720 12,719 12,707 12,831 12,957 12,844 12,743 12,860 12,863 13,047 13,194 13,027
63.8
64.7
64.0
63.2
63.3
63.4
64.1
62.8
63.6
63.1
63.3
63.1
63.2
10,799 10,895 10,910 10,968 10,997 11,101 11,053 11,090 11,080 11,223 11,401 11,563 11,427
55.9
56.7
56.0
55.2
54.6
54.7
54.4
54.6
54.9
54.5
54.2
53.8
54.2
1,599
1,630
1,647
1,640
1,779
1,739
1,653
1,855
1,791
1,833
1,809
1,853
1,825
12.3
12.4
12.6
12.7
13.7
13.8
14.3
13.0
14.2
14.6
13.9
14.3
14.3

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,906
74.4
5,116
64.5
790
13.4

5,932
74.6
5,153
64.8
779
13.1

5,934
74.5
5,171
65.0
763
12.9

5,947
74.5
5,244
65.7
703
11.8

5,986
74.9
5,256
65.7
730
12.2

6,012
75.1
5,288
66.0
724
12.0

5,997
74.8
5,305
66.1
692
11.5

5,980
74.4
5,328
66.3
652
10.9

6,033
75.0
5,279
65.6
754
12.5

6,001
74.5
5,311
65.9
690
11.5

6,089
75.4
5,404
66.9
686
11.3

6,079
75.2
5,431
67.2
647
10.7

6,025
74.4
5,425
67.0
600
10.0

5,872
58.8
5,145
51.5
727
12.4

5,909
59.1
5,178
51.8
731
12.4

5,943
59.3
5,200
51.9
743
12.5

5,907
58.9
5,182
51.7
725
12.3

5,984
59.6
5,221
52.0
763
12.8

6,030
59.9
5,255
52.2
775
12.9

5,987
59.4
5,211
51.7
776
13.0

5,918
58.7
5,238
51.9
680
11.5

5,970
59.1
5,278
52.2
691
11.6

6,017
59.5
5,349
52.9
669
11.1

6,125
60.4
5,426
53.5
699
11.4

6,120
60.3
5,428
53.5
692
11.3

6,074
59.8
5,350
52.7
723
11.9

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1986
Sept.

Oct.

1987

Nov.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept,

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

874
40.9
538
25.2
336
38.4
38.6
38.3

879
41.1
564
26.3
315
35.8
37.8
33.8

842
39.3
539
25.1
303
36.0
35.0
37.0

853
39.8
542
25.3
311
36.5
36.1
36.9

860
40.1
520
24.2
340
39.5
36.5
43.2

915
42.6
559
26.0
356
38.9
38.3
39.5

861
40.0
537
24.9
324
37.6
36.5
38.8

845
39.2
524
24.3
321
38.0
39.3
36.5

857
39.7
523
24.2
334
39.0
40.3
37.6

844
39.0
563
26.0
281
33.3
31.5
35.1

833
38.4
571
26.3
262
31.5
31.5
31.4

995
45.9
704
32.5
291
29.2
32.6
25.3

928
42.7
652
30.0
276
29.7
30.9
28.7

12,432
8,179
65.8
7,286
58.6
893
10.9

12,469
8,200
65.8
7,345
58.9
855
10.4

12,505
8,226
65.8
7,437
59.5
789
9.6

12,540
8,320
66.3
7,446
59.4
874
10.5

12,653
8,431
66.6
7,538
59.6
893
10.6

12,692
8,457
66.6
7,644
60.2
813
9.6

12,732
8,392
65.9
7,639
60.0
753
9.0

12,770
8,484
66.4
7,701
60.3
783
9.2

12,809
8,586
67.0
7,838
61.2
748
8.7

12,848
8,452
65.8
7,730
60.2
722
8.5

12,887
8,411
65.3
7,744
60.1
667
7.9

12,925
8,544
66.1
7,864
60.8
680
8.0

12,965
8,568
66.1
7,869
60.7
699
8.2

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
2
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1986

1987

Category

Sept.

Oct. Nov.

Dec.Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

CHARACTERISTIC

Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382 111,368 111,835 112,447 112,257 112,727 113,081 112,772
39,691 39,780 39,952 40,093 40,102 39,913 40,100 39,967 40,029 40,057 40,241 40,260 40,370
27,249 27,323 27,333 27,400 27,525 27,817 27,965 28,213 28,495 28,458 28,426 28,196 27,988
6,164
6,108
5,972
6,013
5,939
5,921
5,933
5,906
6,041
5,985
6,005
6,016
5,926

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF
WORKER

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,521
1,460
159

1,562
1,451
164

1,582
1,425
198

1,621
1,400
152

1,650
1,370
136

1,647
1,454
126

1,739
1,418
150

98,692 98,846 98,869 99,164 99,550 99,748 99,834
16,333 16,264 16,457 16,443 16,412 16,532 16,568
82,359 82,582 82,412 82,721 83,138 83,216 83,265
1,227
1,189
1,204
1,269
1,183
1,216
1,229
81,130 81,366 81,229 81,532 81,869 82,012 82,038
8,050
8,056
8,192
8,187
8,179
7,939
7,993
273
246
255
239
252
275
265

1,589
1,505
175

1,695
1,442
170

1,614
1,386
165

1,619
1,429
154

1,566
1,363
159

1,615
1,417
134

100,112 100,834 100,420 100,838 101,334 101,221
16,484 16,710 16,956 16,931 16,760 16,915
83,628 84,124 83,464 83,907 84,574 84,306
1,088
1,146
1,172
1,266
1,224
1,266
82,362 82,858 82,318 82,683 83,402 83,218
8,216
8,184
8,117
8,328
8,205
8,142
250
300
274
268
268
275

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,544
2,472
2,772
13,922

5,740
2,481
2,826
14,178

5,563
2,510
2,714
14,021

5,596
2,444
2,867
13,877

5,505
2,473
2,695
14,170

5,780
2,535
2,828
14,061

5,456
2,440
2,698
14,167

5,391
2,322
2,746
13,862

5,282
2,223
2,665
14,573

5,184
2,317
2,579
15,054

5,508
2,456
2,722
14,422

5,262
2,515
2,494
14,634

5,241
2,212
2,702
14,313

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,303
2,314
2,710
13,520

5,450
2,314
2,739
13,736

5,319
2,366
2,626
13,567

5,342
2,286
2,765
13,455

5,201
2,281
2,599
13,750

5,459
2,340
2,742
13,597

5,164
2,218
2,59!
13,68;

5,110
2,137
2,662
13,399

5,029
2,071
2,594
14,069

4,918
2,155
2,477
14,485

5,235
2,295
2,634
13,946

4,998
2,306
2,433
14,168

4,968
2,038
2,628
13,930

1

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey

40




period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1986

1987

Sex and age
Sept.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Mar.

Feb.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382 111,368 111,835 112,447 112,257 112,727 113,081 112,772
20,163
6,475
2,670
3,804
13,688
89,796
75,582
14,269

20,263
6,577
2,714
3,877
13,686
89,899
75,714
14,223

20,201
6,482
2,648
3,843
13,719
90,221
75,889
14,341

20,093
6,478
2,717
3,771
13,615
90,524
76,247
14,349

20,237
6,524
2,713
3,816
13,713
90,725
76,281
14,450

20,293
6,582
2,727
3,844
13,711
91,104
76,680
14,363

20,113
6,460
2,688
3,809
13,652
91,290
76,844
14,426

20,111
6,518
2,619
3,876
13,593
91,660
77,338
14,345

20,215
6,633
2,689
3,932
13,582
92,257
77,663
14,450

19,988
6,511
2,661
3,843
13,477
92,319
77,766
14,574

20,197
6,647
2,774
3,858
13,550
92,615
78,077
14,473

20,549
6,939
2,898
4,019
13,610
92,602
78,155
14,510

20,102
6,636
2,745
3,896
13,466
92,675
78,265
14,432

60,968 60,975 61,241 61,393 61,596 61,751 61,707 61,842 61,996 61,912 62,154 62,343 62,358
10,528 10,587 10,546 10,449 10,526 10,608 10,452 10,427 10,369 10,288 10,452 10,628 10,470
3,361
3,380 3,358 3,292 3,369 3,426 3,297 3,275 3,276 3,292 3,360 3,525 3,401
1,399
1,353
1,391
1,395
1,373
1,355
1,425
1,434
1,350
1,336
1,380
1,442
1,355
1,965 2,003 2,009 1,933
1,974 2,000
1,936
1,945
1,916 2,055 2,027
1,919
1,930
7,167 7,207 7,188 7,157 7,156 7,182 7,155 7,152 7,094 6,996 7,092 7,103 7,069
50,419 50,348 50,705 50,943 51,053 51,207 51,278 51,396 51,648 51,598 51,729 51,747 51,887
42,124 42,049 42,278 42,485 42,569 42,702 42,729 42,925 42,997 43,065 43,180 43,260 43,406
8,323 8,329 8,428 8,507 8,458 8,470 8,546 8,476 8,561
8,573 8,510 8,499 8,475
49,019 49,217 49,191 49,244 49,415 49,631 49,661 49,993 50,451 50,345 50,574 50,738 50,414
9,635 9,676 9,655 9,644 9,711
9,685 9,661 9,683 9,845 9,700 9,744 9,921 9,632
3,114 3,197 3,124 3,186 3,154 3,155 3,163 3,242 3,357 3,219 3,286 3,414 3,235
1,271
1,323
1,295
1,318
1,344
1,302
1,333
1,365
1,340
1,306
1,339
1,283
1,456
1,874
1,839
1,834
1,842
1,838
1,844
1,864
1,869
1,942
1,913
1,940 2,013
1,964
6,521 6,479 6,531 6,458 6,557 6,529 6,498 6,441 6,489 6,482 6,458 6,507 6,397
39,377 39,551 39,516 39,581 39,672 39,897 40,012 40,264 40,609 40,721 40,886 40,856 40,788
33,458 33,665 33,611 33,762 33,712 33,978 34,116 34,412 34,666 34,700 34,896 34,895 34,859
5,946 5,894 5,913
5,842 5,992 5,893 5,879 5,869 5,888 6,000 5,963 6,011
5,957

A-37. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987

1986
Sex and age
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over




Aug.

7,260

7,224

7,221

7,089

2,912
1,430
734
696
1,482
4,621
4,102
548

2,768
1,235
617
609
1,533
4,454
4,013
474

2,686
1,218
573
623
1,468
4,532
4,090
457

2,685
1,321
636
691
1,364
4,564
4,072
479

2,675
1,297
578
707
1,378
4,433
3,901
502

4,186

4,254

4,085

3,941

4,007

3,798

1,589
789
344
444
800
2,758
2,435
316

1,583
777
366
411
806
2,597
2,276
330

1,604
818
407
412
786
2,636
2,299
363

1,485
648
312
324
837
2,563
2,285
305

1,406
618
285
307
788
2,530
2,244
299

1,498
772
374
400
726
2,543
2,232
300

1,416
709
309
387
707
2,402
2,101
276

3,538

3,492

3,314

3,292

3,175

3,283

3,213

3,291

1,375
665
310
355
710
2,152
1,998
158

1,380
635
326
309
745
2,113
1,928
193

1,319
599
257
345
720
1,991
1,803
183

1,308
612
327
284
696
1,985
1,803
185

1,284
587
305
285
697
1,891
1,729
170

1,280
600
288
316
680
2,002
1,846
158

1,187
549
262
291
638
2,022
1,839
179

1,259
588
269
320
671
2,031
1,800
226

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

7,949

8,023

7,967

7,854

7,500

7,546

3,005
1,447
686
768
1,558
5,230
4,630
571

2,986
1,359
629
737
1,627
4,961
4,422
527

3,045
1,402
683
735
1,643
5,024
4,552
477

3,049
1,446
693
765
1,603
4,912
4,459
452

2,969
1,424
670
753
1,545
4,872
4,363
509

2,901
1,376
623
756
1,525
4,588
4,079
512

4,565

4,574

4,439

4,484

4,429

4,362

1,761
795
373
416
966
2,857
2,472
364

1,615
751
344
409
864
2,945
2,558
385

1,635
754
366
388
881
2,931
2,568
361

1,623
714
325
395
909
2,809
2,462
351

1,626
764
380
401
862
2,901
2,578
310

1,673
781
383
410
892
2,760
2,461
293

3,685

3,657

3,669

3,510

3,538

1,412
670
295
374
742
2,273
2,051
223

1,407
663
303
357
744
2,252
2,039
218

1,370
693
320
380
677
2,299
2,062
210

1,363
645
304
342
718
2,152
1,960
176

1,419
638
303
334
781
2,124
1,974
167

Oct.

Nov.

8,285

8,222

8,243

3,173
1,465
668
790
1,708
5,130
4,523
587

3,022
1,414
647
766
1,608
5,197
4,597
603

4,600

Dec.

Sept.

July

Jan.

Sept.

June

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1986

1987

Sex and age
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Oct.

Nov

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

7.0

6.9

6.9

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.6

6.3

6.3

6.1

6.0

6.0

5.9

13.1

11.6
16.0
18.0
14.7
9.1
4.7
5.0
3.2

11.7
16.3
17.4
15.4
9.3
4.6
4.7
3.4

July

Aug.

Sept.

Sept.

13.6
18.5
20.0
17.2
11.1
5.4
5.6
4.0

13.0
17.7
19.3
16.5
10.5
5.5
5.7
4.1

12.9
18.2
20.6
16.7
10.2
5.5
5.8
3.8

12.9
17.3
18.8
16.3
10.7
5.2
5.5
3.5

13.1
17.7
20.1
16.2
10.7
5.2
5.6
3.2

18.0
20.3
16.6
10.5
5.1
5.5
3.0

12.9
18.1
20.0
16.5
10.2
5.1
5.4
3.4

12.6
17.4
19.2
16.3
10.1
4.8
5.0
3.4

12.6
17.7
21.4
15.0
9.8
4.8
5.0
3.7

12.2
15.9
18.8
13.7
10.2
4.6
4.9
3.2

11.7
15.5
17.1
13.9
9.8
4.7
5.0
3.1

7.0

7.0

6.9

6.7

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.3

6.4

6.2

6.0

6.0

5.7

14.3
19.1
21.0
17.5
11.9
5.4
5.5
4.2

13.2
18.2
19.8
17.0
10.7
5.5
5.7
4.4

13.4
18.3
21.3
16.2
10.9
5.5
5.7
4.1

13.4
17.8
19.1
17.0
11.3
5.2
5.5
4.0

13.4
18.5
21.4
16.9
10.7
5.4
5.7
3.5

13.6
18.6
21.2
17.0
11.1
5.1
5.4
3.3

13.2
1.9.3
20.2
18.6
10.1
5.1
5.4
3.6

13.2
19.2
21.5
17.5
10.1
4.8
5.0
3.7

13.4
20.0
23.2
17.7
10.0
4.9
5.1
4.1

12.6
16.4
18.7
14.4
10.7
4.7
5.0
3.4

11.9
15.5
16.6
13.8
10.0
4.7
4.9
3.4

12.4
18.0
20.6
16.3
9.3
4.7
4.9
3.4

11.9
17.3
18.3
16.0
9.1
4.4
4.6
3.2

7.0

6.9

6.9

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.6

6.2

6.1

5.9

6.1

6.0

6.1

12.8
17.7
18.8
16.9
10.2
5.5
5.8
3.6

12.7
17.2
18.6
16.0
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.6

12.4
18.2
19.8
17.2
9.4
5.5
5.8
3.4

12.4
16.8
18.4
15.7
10.0
5.2
5.5
2.9

12.7
16.8
18.7
15.3
10.6
5.1
5.5
2.7

12.4
17.4
19.2
16.1
9.8
5.1
5.6
2.6

12.5
16.7
19.7
14.2
10.3
5.0
5.4
3.2

12.0
15.6
16.7
15.1
10.1
4.7
5.0
3.0

11.7
15.4
19.6
12.4
9.7
4.7
4.9
3.0

11.7
15.4
18.9
13.0
9.7
4.4
4.7
2.8

11.6
15.4
17.7
14.0
9.5
4.7
5.0
2.6

10.7
13.9
15.3
12.9
8.9
4.7
5.0
2.9

11.6
15.4
16.5
14.6
9.5
4.7
4.9
3.7

A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1986

1987

Category
Sept. Oct.

Nov. Dec,

Jan.

Feb. Mar.

Apr.

May June

July

Aug. Sept.

CHARACTERISTIC
7.0
6.2
6.2
18.5

6.9
6.2
6.1
17.7

6.9
6.2
6.1
18.2

6.7
6.0
5.9
17.3

6.7
6.0
5.9
17.7

6.7
5.9
5.8
18.0

6.6
5.8
5.8
18.1

6.3
5.5
5.5
17.4

6.3
5.5
5.4
17.7

6.1
5.5
5.2
15.9

6.0
5.4
5.4
15.5

6.0
5.2
5.3
16.0

5.9
5.0
5.4
16.'3

6.0
13.1
14.6
10.9

6.0
12.7
14.3
10.4

6.0
12.7
14.2
9.6

5.8
12.3
13.7
10.5

5.9
12.6
14.3
10.6

5.7
12.8
14.3
9.6

5.6
12.5
13.9
9.0

5.4
11.7
13.0
9.2

5.3
12.2
13.8
8.7

5.2
11.4
12.7
8.5

5.1
11.3
12.6
7.9

5.1
11.3
12.4
8.0

5.1
10.8
12.3
8.2

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

4.3
5.1
9.8

4.6
5.0
8.9

4.5
5.0
9.7

4.3
4.8
9.8

4.2
4.8
9.8

4.2
4.8
9.5

4.1
4.5
9.7

4.1
4.4
9.3

3.9
4.1
9.6

4.0
4.0
9.7

3.8
4.2
9.4

3.7
4.3
9.0

3.6
4.2
8.8

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

6.6
9.3
2.0
7.9

6.6
9.2
1.8
7.8

6.6
9.1
1.9
7.7

6.3
8.8
1.8
7.6

6.4
9.0
1.8
7.6

6.3
8.7
1.8
7.6

6.2
9.2
1.7
7.4

5.9
8.6
1.7
7.3

5.9
8.7
1.8
7.2

5.9
6.9
1.7
7.1

5.7
7.9
1.6
6.9

5.6
8.2
1.6
6.8

5.4
8.5
1.6
6.7

7.0
13.9
12.9
7.0
6.5
7.7
4.7
7.6
5.6
12.9

7.0
14.5
13.8
7.3
7.2
7.3
5.2
7.4
5.4
11.9

7.0
14.5
15.1
7.1
6.6
7.9
4.4
7.2
5.4
10.1

6.8
14.1
13.7
6.9
6.4
7.7
4.6
7.2
5.1
11.5

6.7
14.0
12.2
6.8
6.8
6.8
4.8
7.5
5.2

6.6
12.4
11.6
6.8
6.8
6.9
4.0
7.2
5.4
11.2

6.5
9.3
12.5
6.9
6.7
7.3
4.6
7.3
4.9
10.7

6.2
11.1
11.9
6.2
6.2
6.2
4.8
7.0
4.7
9.0

6.3
12.9
12.1
6.4
6.3
6.6
4.4
6.9
4.8
8.7

6.2
10.8
11.6
5.6
5.3
6.0
5.0
7.2
4.8
8.8

6.1
7.8
10.7
6.0
6.1
5.9
4.4
6.8
5.1
11.3

5.9
8.9
11.2
5.5
5.5
5.5
4.3
7.0
4.6
10.8

5.9
7.0
12.1
5.7
5.6
5.9
4.0
6.4
4.9
8.3

Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
2

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time

42




11.6

for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1986

1987

Weeks of unemployment
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

3,415
2,524
2,373
1,110
1,263

3,418
2,563
2,168
950
1,218

3,382
2,613
2,217
1,045
1,172

3,355
2,389
2,171
1,023
1,148

3,416
2,530
2,200
1,022
1,178

3,361
2,477
2,131
1,008
1,123

3,383
2,447
2,050
945
1,105

3,143
2,232
2,075
1,025
1,049

3,349
2,118
2,101
1,003
1,098

3,085
2,114
2,055
998
1,057

3,168
2,141
1,907
945
962

3,197
2,170
1,884
814
1,070

3,230
1,932
1,920
909
1,011

15.5
7.1

15.2
7.0

14.8
7.0

15.0
7.1

15.0
7.0

14.6
6.6

14.9
6.6

14.9
7.0

14.9
6.5

14.8
6.7

14.0
6.7

14.3
6.4

14.2
5.7

100.0
41.1
30.4
28.5
13.4
15.2

100.0
41.9
31.5
26.6
11.7
14.9

100.0
41.2
31.8
27.0
12.7
14.3

100.0
42.4
30.2
27.4
12.9
14.5

100.0
41.9
31.1
27.0
12.5
14.5

100.0
42.2
31.1
26.7
12.7
14.1

100.0
42.9
31.1
26.0
12.0
14.0

100.0
42.2
30.0
27.9
13.8
14.1

100.0
44.3
28.0
27.8
13.2
14.5

100.0
42.5
29.1
28.3
13.8
14.6

100.0
43.9
29.7
26.4
13.1
13.3

100.0
44.1
29.9
26.0
11.2
14.8

100.0
45.6
27.3
27.1
12.8
14.3

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1987

1986
Reasons for unemployment
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

4,044
1,029
3,015
1,041
2,145
1,038

3,984
1,072
2,912
1,027
2,190
972

3,947
1,073
2,874
1,056
2,119
1,076

3,890
1,078
2,812
1,036
2,019
1,015

3,971
1,118
2,854
891
2,054
1,084

3,839
998
2,842
1,046
2,042
1,040

3,822
1,011
2,811
1,000
2,111
956

3,732
958
2,774
923
1,940
911

3,611
906
2,705
906
2,018
1,018

3,565
901
2,664
949
1,969
798

3,522
918
2,604
1,007
1,913
801

3,339
850
2,489
1,006
1,997
829

3,321
810
2,511
995
1,885
883

100.0
48.9
12.4
36.5
12.6
25.9
12.6

100.0
48.7
13.1
35.6
12.6
26.8
11.9

100.0
48.1
13.1
35.1
12.9
25.8
13.1

100.0
48.9
13.5
35.3
13.0
25.4
12.8

100.0
49.6
14.0
35.7
11.1
25.7
13.6

100.0
48.2
12.5
35.7
13.1
25.6
13.1

100.0
48.4
12.8
35.6
12.7
26.8
12.1

100.0
49.7
12.8
37.0
12.3
25.8
12.1

100.0
47.8
12.0
35.8
12.0
26.7
13.5

100.0
49.0
12.4
36.6
13.0
27.0
11.0

100.0
48.6
12.7
36.0
13.9
26.4
11.1

100.0
46.6
11.9
34.7
14.0
27.9
11.6

100.0
46.9
11.4
35.4
14.0
26.6
12.5

3.4
.9
1.8
.9

3.4
.9
1.8
.8

3.3
.9
1.8
.9

3.3
.9
1.7
.9

3.3
.7
1.7
.9

3.2
.9
1.7
.9

3.2
.8
1.8
.8

3.1
.8
1.6
.8

3.0
.8
1.7
.8

3.0
.8
1.6
.7

2.9
.8
1.6
.7

2.8
.8
1.7
.7

2.8
.8
1.6
.7

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff.
Other job losers
Job leavers .
Reentrants
New entrants

...
....

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers .
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




. .

43

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-42. Employment status of the nonlnstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed In the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1984

1985

1987

1986

Employment status and sex
IV

IV

IV

TOTAL
Nonlnstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
..
Not in labor force

178,305
115,514
64.8
107,069
60.0
1,710
105,359
3,331
102,029
8,445
7.3
62,791

178,834
115,960
64.8
107,638
60.2
1,701
105,938
3,323
102,615
8,321
7.2
62,874

179,222
116,728
65.1
108,321
60.4
1,700
106,620
3,312
103,308
8,407
7.2
62,494

179,649
116,878
65.1
108,531
60.4
1,703
106,828
3,250
103,578
8,347
7.1
62,771

180,135
117,188
65.1
108,914
60.5
1,721
107,193
3,094
104,100
8,274
7.1
62,947

180,641
117,887
65.3
109,673
60.7
1,700
107,973
3,093
104,880
8,214
7.0
62,754

181,517
118,699
65.4
110,444
60.8
1,692
108,752
3,212
105,540
8,256
7.0
62,817

182,008
119,315
65.6
110,936
61.0
1,687
109,249
3,171
106,078
8,379
7.0
62,693

182,530
119,866
65.7
111,675
61.2
1,695
109,980
3,108
106,873
8,191
6.8
62,664

183,115
120,308
65.7
112,170
61.3
1,750
110,420
3,179
107,241
8,138
6.8
62,807

183,743
120,943
65.8
112,995
61.5
1,741
111,254
3,222
108,032
7,948
6.6
62,800

184,253
121,341
65.9
113,906
61.8
1,726
112,180
3,268
108,912
7,435
6.1
62,912

184,749
121,771
65.9
114,593
62.0
1,733
112,860
3,161
109,700
7,178
5.9
62,978

85,263
65,487
76.8
60,838
71.4
1,562
59,276
4,649
7.1
19,776

85,523
65,709
76.8
61,143
71.5
1,553
59,590
4,566
6.9
19,814

85,695
65,774
76.8
61,202
71.4
1,552
59,650
4,572
7.0
19,921

85,899
65,887
76.7
61,353
71.4
1,554
59,799
4,535
6.9
20,011

86,133
65,998
76.6
61,511
71.4
1,569
59,942
4,486
6.8
20,136

86,376
66,220
76.7
61,742
71.5
1,551
60,191
4,479
6.8
20,155

86,957
66,732
76.7
62,252
71.6
1,539
60,712
4,480
6.7
20,225

87,201
66,854
76.7
62,257
71.4
1,533
60,724
4,596
6.9
20,347

87,463
67,002
76.6
62,471
71.4
1,540
60,931
4,531
6.8
20,460

87,775
67,321
76.7
62,795
71.5
1,592
61,203
4,526
6.7
20,454

88,101
67,693
76.8
63,268
71.8
1,583
61,685
4,425
6.5
20,408

88,358
67,658
76.6
63,483
71.8
1,567
61,917
4,175
6.2
20,699

88,605
67,773
76.5
63,857
72.1
1,572
62,285
3,915
5.8
20,833

93,043
50,027
53.8
46,232
49.7
148
46,083
3,796
7.6
43,016

93,311
50,251
53.9
46,495
49.8
148
46,348
3,756
7.5
43,060

93,527
50,954
54.5
47,119
50.4
148
46,971
3,835
7.5
42,573

93,751
50,991
54.4
47,179
50.3
149
47,029
3,812
7.5
42,761

94,000
51,190
54.5
47,403
50.4
151
47,251
3,787
7.4
42,810

94,265
51,667
54.8
47,931
50.8
149
47,782
3,736
7.2
42,598

94,560
51,967
55.0
48,192
51.0
152
48,040
3,775
7.3
42,593

94,807
52,462
55.3
48,679
51.3
154
48,525
3,783
7.2
42,346

95,067
52,864
55.6
49,204
51.8
155
49,049
3,659
6.9
42,204

95,341
52,988
55.6
49,376
51.8
158
49,217
3,612
6.8
42,354

95,642
53,250
55.7
49,727
52.0
158
49,569
3,523
6.6
42,392

95,896
53,683
56.0
50,423
52.6
160
50,263
3,260
6.1
42,213

96,144
53,999
56.2
50,736
52.8
161
50,575
3,263
6.0
42,145

Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
1
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident

44




Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-42 through A-53 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-43.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1984

1985

1986

IV

1987
IV

IV

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed..
,
Unemployment rate

176,595 177,133 177,522 177,946 178,414 178,941 179,825 180,321 180,835 181,365 182,002 182,527 183,016
113,804 114,259 115,028 115,175 115,467 116,187 117,008 117,628 118,171 118,558 119,202 119,615 120,038
65.6
65.5
65.5
65.1
64.7
64.9
65.2
65.3
65.4
64.8
64.7
64.5
64.4
105,359 105,938 106,620 106,828 107,193 107,973 108,752 109,249 109,980 110,420 111,254 112,180 112,860
61.7
60.5
61.5
61.1
60.1
60.3
60.6
60.8
60.9
60.1
60.0
59.8
59.7
8,256 8,379 8,191
7,948 7,435 7,178
8,138
8,407 8,347 8,274 8,214
8,445 8,321
7.1
6.0
6.2
6.7
7.2
7.1
7.1
6.9
6.9
7.3
7.2
7.3
7.4

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

76,356
59,835
78.4
55,984
73.3
2,434
53,550
3,851
6.4
16,521

76,660
60,014
78.3
56,249
73.4
2,433
53,816
3,765
6.3
16,646

76,831
60,012
78.1
56,247
73.2
2,364
53,883
3,765
6.3
16,819

77,064
60,194
78.1
56,439
73.2
2,314
54,125
3,756
6.2
16,870

77,313
60,319
78.0
56,645
73.3
2,223
54,422
3,675
6.1
16,994

77,571
60,580
78.1
56,929
73.4
2,228
54,701
3,651
6.0
16,991

78,169
61,137
78.2
57,428
73.5
2,330
55,098
3,710
6.1
17,032

78,393
61,189
78.1
57,417
73.2
2,302
55,115
3,772
6.2
17,204

78,647
61,329
78.0
57,579
73.2
2,249
55,330
3,750
6.1
17,318

78,883
61,646
78.1
57,860
73.3
2,296
55,563
3,786
6.1
17,237

79,217
61,968
78.2
58,320
73.6
2,322
55,999
3,647
5.9
17,249

79,466
62,063
78.1
58,636
73.8
2,386
56,249
3,427
5.5
17,403

79,678
62,072
77.9
58,856
73.9
2,317
56,539
3,216
5.2
17,606

85,586
46,049
53.8
42,941
50.2
591
42,350
3,107
6.7
39,537

85,895
46,348
54.0
43,243
50.3
577
42,666
3,105
6.7
39,547

86,094
46,955
54.5
43,803
50.9
603
43,200
3,152
6.7
39,139

86,377
47,138
54.6
43,976
50.9
607
43,368
3,162
6.7
39,239

86,651
47,305
54.6
44,155
51.0
578
43,577
3,151
6.7
39,346

86,900
47,726
54.9
44,668
51.4
598
44,070
3,058
6.4
39,174

87,187
47,990
55.0
44,902
51.5
619
44,283
3,088
6.4
39,197

87,449
48,451
55.4
45,362
51.9
591
44,771
3,089
6.4
38,996

87,699
48,916
55.8
45,910
52.3
614
45,296
3,006
6.1
38,783

87,935
48,993
55.7
46,048
52.4
636
45,412
2,945
6.0
38,942

88,236
49,288
55.9
46,411
52.6
619
45,792
2,877
5.8
38,948

88,468
49,651
56.1
46,990
53.1
612
46,379
2,661
5.4
38,817

88,701
49,947
56.3
47,264
53.3
602
46,662
2,684
5.4
38,754

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14,653 14,577 14,597 14,506 14,450 14,470 14,469 14,479 14,489 14,547 14,548 14,593 14,638
8,019
7,946 7,901
7,880 7,988 7,926 7,919
7,898 8,061
7,921
7,843 7,842 7,881
54.8
54.1
54.7
54.4
54.6
54.5
54.1
55.2
54.1
54.2
55.2
54.5
54.3
6,434 6,446 6,570 6,414
6,522 6,554 6,741
6,394 6,376 6,422 6,470 6,492 6,512
46.0
44.9
44.8
44.4
44.7
44.8
44.8
44.2
44.2
44.1
45.0
43.9
44.2
241
270
281
247
263
278
245
313
329
346
306
266
293
6,284 6,499
6,159
6,191
6,247 6,265 6,241
6,133
6,128
6,225 6,085 6,101
6,110
1,279
1,347
1,424
1,429
1,407
1,487
1,458
1,518
1,434
1,451
1,490
1,505
1,448
15.9
18.4
18.8
17.0
18.2
18.5
18.5
17.9
19.1
18.5
19.0
18.1
17.8
6,619
6,732 6,679 6,536 6,663 6,608 6,589 6,589 6,491
6,563 6,628 6,602

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional




population.

45

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-44. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1984

1985

1987

1986

IV

IV

IV

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

152,386 152,666 153,196 153,491 153,825 154,204 154,893 155,245 155,609 155,982 156,435 156,806 157,145
98,492 98,812 99,595 99,684 99,888 100,536 101,126 101,571 102,098 102,418 102,812 103,191 103,388
65.8
65.7
64.7
64.6
65.8
65.7
65.6
65.2
64.9
64.9
65.0
65.4
65.3
92,257 92,608 93,331 93,435 93,705 94,472 94,945 95,366 96,013 96,320 96,903 97,702 98,084
62.4
60.7
60.5
62.3
61.9
61.8
60.9
60.9
61.7
61.4
61.3
61.3
60.9
6,204
6,235
5,489 5,304
5,909
6,248 6,183
6,265
6,098
6,086
6,205
6,063 6,182
5.1
5.7
6.3
6.3
6.3
5.3
6.3
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.1
6.0
6.2

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

52,495 52,606 52,679 52,838 52,917 53,145 53,543 53,542 53,650 53,981 54,155 54,193 54,176
78.4
78.7
78.4
78.2
78.4
78.5
78.8
78.6
78.6
78.6
78.6
78.5
78.3
49,612 49,725 49,814 49,964 50,082 50,390 50,703 50,684 50,818 51,073 51,341 51,600 51,722
74.7
74.7
74.4
74.4
74.5
74.4
74.2
74.2
74.4
74.2
74.2
74.2
74.5
2,454
2,882
2,883
2,593
2,814
2,874
2,865
2,908
2,832
2,858
2,840
2,754
2,835
4.8
4.5
5.4
5.4
5.5
5.5
5.2
5.4
5.2
5.4
5.3
5.3
5.3

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
.
Unemployment rate

39,127 39,337 39,939 40,042 40,203 40,565 40,767 41,139 41,590 41,551 41,757 42,127 42,337
55.6
55.8
53.1
55.2
54.4
54.3
54.0
53.9
53.9
53.3
55.1
55.3
54.8
36,862 37,083 37,625 37,725 37,909 38,354 38,473 38,895 39,400 39,429 39,714 40,234 40,437
53.3
53.1
52.5
52.3
51.8
51.4
50.9
50.8
50.8
50.2
50.0
52.4
51.4
1,900
2,294
2,317
2,254 2,313
1,892
2,043
2,122
2,244
2,211
2,265
2,191
2,294
5.7
4.5
5.7
5.8
5.8
4.5
4.9
5.1
5.5
5.5
5.8
5.3
5.6

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,871
56.9
5,783
47.9
1,088
15.8
16.8
14.8

6,869
57.1
5,801
48.3
1,068
15.5
16.4
14.6

6,978
58.3
5,891
49.2
1,087
15.6
16.4
14.7

6,804
57.2
5,746
48.3
1,057
15.5
16.1
14.9

6,768
57.0
5,714
48.2
1,054
15.6
16.7
14.3

6,826
57.5
5,728
48.3
1,098
16.1
17.0
15.1

6,817
57.5
5,769
48.6
1,048
15.4
15.8
14.9

6,890
58.0
5,787
48.7
1,103
16.0
17.0
14.9

6,858
57.7
5,795
48.8
1,063
15.5
16.3
14.6

6,886
57.9
5,818
48.9
1,068
15.5
15.8
15.2

6,901
57.9
5,848
49.1
1,052
15.2
16.4
14.0

6,872
57.5
5,868
49.1
1,004
14.6
16.2
13.0

6,875
57.5
5,925
49.5
950
13.8
14,6
13.0

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

19,387 19,481 19,543 19,620 19,701 19,790 19,863 19,945 20,028 20,120 20,218 20,310 20,398
12,135 12,251 12,308 12,307 12,369 12,473 12,589 12,707 12,605 12,715 12,877 12,822 13,089
63.1
64.2
63.7
63.2
62.9
62.6
63.7
63.4
63.0
62.8
62.7
62.9
63.0
10,210 10,403 10,398 10,469 10,544 10,592 10,732 10,822 10,779 10,924 11,051 11,131 11,464
54.8
56.2
54.7
54.3
53.8
52.7
54.3
54.0
53.5
53.4
53.4
53.5
53.2
1,626
1,691
1,827
1,826
1,791
1,925
1,885
1,881
1,857
1,838
1,848
1,824
1,910
12.4
13.2
14.2
14.1
14.5
14.8
14.7
15.1
14.9
15.9
15.1
14.7
15.5

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,706
74.9
4,883
64.1
823
14.4

5,738
74.8
4,995
65.1
744
13.0

5,717
74.5
4,941
64.4
776
13.6

5,714
74.1
4,964
64.4
751
13.1

5,766
74.4
5,040
65.0
726
12.6

5,795
74.4
5,022
64.4
773
13.3

5,886
75.0
5,123
65.3
763
13.0

5,925
75.1
5,156
65.4
770
13.0

5,910
74.6
5,132
64.8
778
13.2

5,938
74.6
5,189
65.2
748
12.6

5,998
74.9
5,283
66.0
715
11.9

6,005
74.6
5,306
65.9
698
11.6

6,064
75.0
5,420
67.1
644
10.6

5,568
57.9
4,830
50.2
738
13.3

5,654
58.5
4,906
50.7
748
13.2

5,695
58.7
4,934
50.9
761
13.4

5,720
58.7
4,975
51.0
745
13.0

5,714
58.3
4,959
50.6
755
13.2

5,779
58.7
5,042
51.2
736
12.7

5,788
58.6
5,073
51.4
715
12.4

5,859
59.1
5,119
51.6
740
12.6

5,854
58.7
5,133
51.5
721
12.3

5,920
59.1
5,187
51.8
733
12.4

6,000
59.6
5,229
52.0
771
12.9

5,968
59.1
5,288
52.3
680
11.4

6,106
60.2
5,401
53.2
705
11.5

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.

46




HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-44. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutlonal population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1984

1987

1986

1985
IV

IV

IV

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

861
40.0
497
23.1
364
42.3
41.5
43.1

859
40.2
503
23.5
356
41.5
42.9
39.9

896
41.2
523
24.1
373
41.6
41.8
41.4

873
40.4
531
24.5
342
39.2
40.0
38.3

888
41.2
545
25.3
343
38.6
39.7
37.3

900
41.9
528
24.6
372
41.3
42.4
40.2

915
42.8
537
25.1
378
41.3
41.1
41.6

922
43.2
547
25.6
375
40.7
40.5
40.9

842
39.4
514
24.1
327
38.9
39.3
38.4

858
40.1
548
25.6
310
36.1
36.3
35.9

879
40.9
539
25.1
340
38.7
37.1
40.4

849
39.3
537
24.8
312
36.8
37.1
36.4

919
42.4
642
29.6
276
30.1
31.7
28.3

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

11,533 11,643 11,753 11,862 11,969 12,075 12,184 12,290 12,397 12,504 12,692 12,809 12,926
8,249 8,427 8,508 8,508
8,020 8,143
7,572 7,623 7,787 7,802 7,881
7,503 7,612
65.8
66.4
66.4
66.0
65.7
65.3
64.7
64.6
65.1
64.3
64.4
65.4
65.1
6,716 6,813 6,797 6,816 6,968 6,960 7,027 7,163 7,268 7,409 7,607 7,756 7,825
60.5
60.6
59.9
58.6
57.7
57.5
58.5
59.3
58.3
57.6
58.2
57.8
58.2
682
751
820
876
807
799
787
839
857
855
842
819
776
8.0
8.8
9.7
10.8
10.7
10.6
10.2
10.5
10.5
10.2
10.8
10.8
10.5

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
2




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

47

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-45. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
Full- and part- time status, sex,
and age

1984

1985

1986

IV

1987

IV

IV

EMPLOYED
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

86,967
53,336
51,888
33,638
32,543
2,537

Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

18,376 18,490 18,590 18,372 18,736 18,767 18,957 19,102 19,027 19,187 19,234 19,611 19,424
5,952 6,067 6,018 5,956 6,082 6,056 6,137 6,215 6,178 6,299 6,258 6,374 6,339
4,114
4,085 4,166
4,089 4,163 4,183 4,247 4,291 4,186 4,277 4,288 4,367 4,336
12,441 12,441 12,562 12,395 12,664 12,729 12,814 12,869 12,856 12,910 12,971 13,219 13,085
10,381 10,422 10,496 10,405 10,637 10,662 10,717 10,786 10,744 10,733 10,891 10,995 10,900
3,910
3,902 3,980 3,878 3,937 3,922 3,993 4,025 4,097 4,177 4,055 4,249 4,188

87,461
53,526
52,083
33,947
32,857
2,522

88,040
53,580
52,127
34,418
33,327
2,586

88,461
53,855
52,362
34,591
33,535
2,564

88,422
53,869
52,461
34,564
33,492
2,469

89,252
54,151
52,749
35,118
34,059
2,444

89,786
54,545
53,181
35,218
34,194
2,411

90,131
54,518
53,136
35,615
34,541
2,454

90,892
54,757
53,367
36,154
35,122
2,402

91,276
54,925
53,585
36,388
35,378
2,313

92,020
55,383
54,036
36,580
35,538
2,447

92,548
55,549
54,268
37,017
35,977
2,303

93,348
55,950
54,500
37,460
36,317
2,531

UNEMPLOYED
Looking for full-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

6,942
4,074
3,616
2,878
2,534
792

6,887
3,999
3,520
2,905
2,543
825

6,896
3,942
3,529
2,901
2,568
799

6,783
3,940
3,503
2,870
2,554
726

6,778
3,924
3,446
2,874
2,550
782

6,705
3,889
3,427
2,834
2,476
802

6,759
3,863
3,484
2,844
2,519
755

6,827
3,990
3,525
2,858
2,529
772

6,647
3,901
3,495
2,755
2,435
717

6,609
3,907
3,535
2,717
2,388
685

6,432
3,770
3,392
2,605
2,325
716

6,023
3,612
3,208
2,435
2,167
648

5,736
3,393
2,996
2,385
2,131
609

Looking for part-time work ...
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

1,519
582
235
925
580
704

1,431
574
245
857
561
626

1,510
590
236
925
581
693

1,555
618
252
939
611
692

1,511
578
230
921
603
678

1,503
598
226
911
577
700

1,495
578
225
919
565
706

1,544
624
244
926
564
736

1,559
636
251
904
579
728

1,520
619
253
915
551
715

1,521
618
257
902
550
715

1,407
584
217
833
502
688

1,421
563
214
851
535
673

NOTE: Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at
work part time are distributed according to whether they usually work full

48




or part time; unemployed persons are classified according to whether
they are seeking full- or part-time jobs.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-46. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1984

1987

1986

1985

Category
III

IV

I

II

IV

I

II

IV

CHARACTERISTIC
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

105,359 105,938 106,620 106,828 107,193 107,973 108,752 109,249 109,980 110,420 111,254 112,180 112,860
39,165 39,271 39,392 39,163 39,139 39,307 39,439 39,566 39,687 39,942 40,038 40,018 40,290
25,717 25,928 26,090 26,134 26,375 26,718 26,759 27,086 27,370 27,352 27,769 28,389 28,203
5,942 5,944 6,095
5,727
5,857 6,021
5,590
5,751
5,528 5,418
5,561
5,639 5,601

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF
WORKER

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,554
1,563
214

1,603
1,517
209

1,581
1,507
225

1,579
1,472
189

1,484
1,445
175

1,514
1,415
165

1,603
1,459
164

1,512
1,477
171

1,511
1,427
168

1,588
1,425
171

1,679
1,414
137

1,633
1,444
170

1,600
1,403
149

93,912
15,757
78,154
1,200
76,954
7,749
322

94,591
15,860
78,732
1,243
77,489
7,706
341

95,262
15,921
79,341
1,297
78,044
7,778
328

95,517
15,974
79,543
1,223
78,320
7,751
297

95,968
16,042
79,926
1,266
78,660
7,780
280

96,747
16,182
80,566
1,211
79,354
7,920
251

97,638
16,216
81,422
1,227
80,195
7,706
258

98,073
16,314
81,759
1,279
80,480
7,753
241

98,530
16,454
82,076
1,239
80,837
7,971
268

98,960
16,338
82,572
1,196
81,376
8,076
252

99,710
16,504
83,207
1,233
81,973
8,143
258

100,455
16,717
83,739
1,226
82,513
8,195
272

101,131
16,869
84,262
1,162
83,101
8,202
273

All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,673
2,387
2,870
13,148

5,739
5,486 5,633 5,580 5,286 5,337
5,515
5,722 5,581
5,646
5,635 5,493
2,525 2,454 2,478 2,483 2,288 2,394
2,544 2,444 2,539
2,444 2,298 2,371
2,834 2,859 2,725 2,802 2,740 2,663 2,639
2,842 2,795 2,771
2,833 2,881
13,191 13,449 13,299 13,566 13,653 13,818 13,965 13,957 14,025 14,133 14,496 14,456

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,440
2,241
2,794
12,691

5,498 5,319
5,370
2,400 2,270 2,360
2,768 2,709
2,693
12,731 12,984 12,836

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME

1

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey




5,369
2,290
2,735
13,129

5,067
5,275 5,019
5,370
5,486 5,265
5,271
5,269
2,213
2,305 2,322 2.280 2,121
2,391
2,174 2,211
2,710 2,645 2,578 2,565
2,666
2,784 2,753 2,761
13,212 13,364 13,518 13,568 13,586 13,676 13,985 14,014

period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

49

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-47. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987

1986

1985

1984
Sex and age
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over....
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over ....
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .
Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over....
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .

IV

IV

IV

105,359 105,938 06,620 06,828 07,193 07,973 08,752 09,249 09,980 10,420 11,254 112,180 112,860
20,609
6,434
2,414
4,012
14,175
84,756
70,547
14,222

20,699
6,446
2,459
3,985
14,252
85,228
71,054
14,198

20,635
6,570
2,546
4,020
14,065
85,994
71,630
14,340

20,417
6,414
2,455
3,954
14,003
86,402
72,100
14,281

20,325
6,394
2,491
3,896
13,931
86,888
72,671
14,222

20,309
6,376
2,484
3,900
13,933
87,652
73,388
14,303

20,385
6,422
2,562
3,882
13,963
88,371
74,109
14,232

20,253
6,470
2,614
3,845
13,783
88,984
74,585
14,373

20,237
6,492
2,623
3,846
13,746
89,773
75,398
14,387

20,186
6,512
2,693
3,830
13,673
90,215
75,950
14,304

20,214
6,522
2,709
3,823
13,692
91,040
76,602
14,413

20,104
6,554
2,656
3,884
13,551
92,079
77,589
14,456

20,283
6,741
2,806
3,924
13,542
92,631
78,165
14,471

59,276 59,590 59,650 59,799 59,942 60,191 60,712 60,724 60,931 61,203 61,685 61,917 62,285
10,833 10,912 10,773 10,725 10,621 10,567 10,679 10,527 10,562 10,527 10,528 10,362 10,517
3,403 3,360 3,297 3,262 3,285 3,307 3,353 3,343 3,364 3,281 3,429
3,292 3,341
1,419
1,347
1,392
1,372
1,360
1,358
1,319
1,298
1,292
1,316 1,295
1,234 1,283
1,928 1,999
1,980 1,982 1,973
1,976 1,948
1,972
2,005
2,050 2,056 2,069 2,071
7,088
7,080
7,370 7,364 7,323 7,304 7,394 7,220 7,209 7,184 7,164
7,571
7,541
48,441 48,666 48,891 49,067 49,327 49,613 50,050 50,187 50,378 50,665 51,179 51,547 51,787
40,037 40,314 40,413 40,628 40,882 41,176 41,623 41,737 42,019 42,271 42,667 42,996 43,282
8,421 8,491 8,537 8,495
8,410 8,367 8,458 8,432 8,442 8,462 8,407 8,443 8,361
46,083 46,348 46,971 47,029 47,251 47,782 48,040 48,525 49,049 49,217 49,569 50,263 50,575
9,704 9,742 9,707 9,726 9,676 9,658 9,686 9,743 9,766
9,776 9,786 9,862 9,69;
3,142 3,105 3,168 3,054 3,097 3,114 3,138 3,163 3,139 3,169 3,158 3,273 3,312
1,387
1,309
1,318
1,321
1,256 1,262
1,198 1,185 1,244
1,160
1,180 1,176 1,229
1,925
1,955
1,866 1,849 1,850
1,906 1,898
1,929
1,891
1,884
1,951
1,929
1,963
6,634 6,681 6,695 6,638 6,608 6,628 6,569 6,563 6,537 6,489 6,528 6,470 6,454
36,315 36,561 37,103 37,335 37,561 38,039 38,322 38,79- 39,395 39,549 39,860 40,531 40,843
32,486 32,849 33,379 33,679 33,935 34,593 34,883
30,511 30,739 31,217 31,472 31,789 32,21
5,919 5,977
5,848 5,780 5,841 5,826 5,930 6,026 5,883 5,92;
5,811 5,830 5,88;

A-48. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1984

1985

Sex and age

1986

IV
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

50



1987

IV

IV

8,445

8,321

8,407

8,347

8,274

8,214

8,256

8,379

8,191

8,138

7,948

7,435

7,178

3,311
1,487
645
828
1,825
5,128
4,482
654

3,222
1,451
618
838
1,771
5,102
4,427
652

3,261
1,490
666
832
1,771
5,153
4,551
604

3,186
1,429
657
771
1,757
5,147
4,527
637

3,159
1,448
639
797
1,710
5,119
4,502
625

3,216
1,505
685
825
1,711
4,999
4,401
577

3,129
1,458
672
795
1,671
5,133
4,521
612

3,206
1,518
684
832
1,688
5,157
4,611
567

3,082
1,434
650
772
1,647
5,122
4,544
574

3,004
1,407
654
757
1,598
5,129
4,550
567

3,021
1,424
682
751
1,597
4,936
4,458
479

2,861
1,347
658
687
1,514
4,554
4,065
512

2,682
1,279
596
674
1,403
4,510
4,021
479

4,649

4,566

4,572

4,535

4,486

4,479

4,480

4,596

4,531

4,526

4,425

4,175

3,915

1,825
798
341
447
1,027
2,827
2,414
409

1,772
801
334
469
971
2,789
2,389
395

1,780
807
363
451
974
2,803
2,438
357

1,744
779
371
406
965
2,773
2,419
374

1,727
812
352
451
915
2,768
2,402
364

1,746
827
368
462
919
2,728
2,373
352

1,662
771
363
416
891
2,828
2,460
361

1,745
824
356
465
920
2,833
2,502
352

1,682
781
356
417
901
2,863
2,497
357

1,624
740
345
397
885
2,895
2,529
366

1,629
778
369
418
851
2,806
2,491
307

1,557
748
362
382
809
2,599
2,287
332

1,440
700
323
365
740
2,491
2,193
292

3,796

3,756

3,835

3,812

3,787

3,736

3,775

3,783

3,659

3,612

3,523

3,260

3,263

1,486
688
304
381
798
2,301
2,068
246

1,451
651
284
368
800
2,312
2,038
257

1,481
684
303
381
797
2,350
2,113
247

1,442
650
285
365
792
2,374?
2,108
263

1,432
637
288
346
795
2,352
2,100
261

1,470
678
317
363
792!
2,271
2,028
225!

1,467
687
309
378
780
2,304
2,061
251

1,461
694
328
368
767
2,324
2,108
215

1,400
653
294
355
747
2,259
2,047
217

1,380
667
309
360
713
2,234
2,020
201

1,391
646
313
333
745
2,130
1,967
173

1,304
599
296
305
704
1,956
1,778
179

1,242
579
273
309
663
2,018
1,828
188

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-49. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1984

1985

1987

1986

Sex and age
IV
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

7.4

7.3

13.8

13.5
18.4

18.8
21.1

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

7.1

7.1

7.1

6.9

6.9

6.7

6.2

6.0

13.6

13.5

13.3
18.5
20.8

13.7
19.0
20.7

13.2

18.5
20.4
17.0
10.9
5.6
5.8
4.2

13.7
19.1
21.6

13.0
17.8

13.0
17.9

19.5

17.5
10.9
5.4
5.7

17.0

17.8

16.7

16.5

11.2
5.7
6.0
4.0

13.5
18.2
21.1
16.3
11.1
5.6
5.9
4.3

10.7
5.5
5.7

10.7
5.4
5.7
3.8

10.5
5.4
5.7
3.8

20.1
16.4
10.4
5.1
5.5
3.2

12.5
17.0
19.9
15.0
10.0
4.7
5.0
3.4

11.7
15.9
17.5
14.7
9.4
4.6
4.9
3.2

18.5
20.7

18.1
19.9

3.9

4.1

10.9
5.5
5.8
3.8

7.3

7.1

7.1

7.0

7.0

6.9

6.9

7.0

6.9

6.9

6.7

6.3

5.9

14.4
19.5

14.0

14.2
19.2

14.0
18.8
22.3

14.0

14.2
20.2

13.1
18.6

22.1

20.1

21.0
17.5
10.6
5.2
5.5
3.5

21.2
16.5
10.3

12.0
16.9
18.5

10.8
5.3
5.6
4.1

18.9
20.7
17.4
11.1
5.4
5.6

13.4
18.8

18.4
11.1
5.3
5.5

14.2
20.0
20.8
19.3
11.3
5.3
5.7
4.0

13.4
18.1

21.4

13.5
19.0
21.6
17.4

13.7

19.8

4.8
5.0
3.7

9.5
4.6
4.8
3.3

12.0
5.5
5.7
4.6

19.3
20.7
18.6
11.4
5.4
5.6
4.5

7.6
13.2
18.0
20.5
16.3
10.7
6.0
6.3

17.9

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

7.2

20.1
17.4
11.1
5.6
5.9
4.4

21.7

Women, 16 years and over

7.2

11.4
5.7
6.0
4.4

17.1

Men, 16 years and over ....

7.3

4.1

17.2

21.6

15.4

17.9
11.7
5.4
5.7
4.1

16.4

4.1

19.0
11.2
5.2
5.4
4.0

4.1

16.7
11.0
5.4
5.6
4.2

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.4

7.3

7.3

7.2

6.9

6.8

6.6

6.1

6.1

12.9
17.3
19.5
16.0
10.7
5.9
6.2
4.2

13.1
17.8
19.8
16.4

12.9
17.6
19.7
16.2
10.7
6.0
6.3
4.3

12.9
17.1
19.4

13.1
17.9
21.1

13.1

12.6

12.5
17.4

12.6
17.0

11.8

11.3
14.9

19.0

15.5
10.7

15.8
10.7
5.6
5.9
3.7

13.1
18.0
20.7
16.2

19.2
15.2

11.6
5.3
5.6
4.2

10.6
6.0
6.3
4.0

5.9
6.2
4.3

18.0
19.9
16.6
10.6
5.7
6.0
4.1

10.5
5.7
6.0
3.5

17.2

18.9
16.0
10.3
5.4
5.8
3.5

16.3
9.9
5.3
5.7
3.3

15.5
18.5
13.5
9.8
4.6

10.2
5.1
5.5
2.8

4.9
2.9

16.4
13.8

9.3
4.7
5.0
3.0

A-50. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1987

1986

1985

1984
Category

IV

IV
CHARACTERISTIC
7.4
6.4
6.7
18.8

7.3
6.3
6.7
18.4

7.3
6.3
6.7
18.5

7.2
6.2
6.7
18.2

7.2
6.1
6.7
18.5

7.1
6.0
6.4
19.1

6.3
14.3
15.9
10.5

6.3
13.7
15.1
10.5

6.3
14.1
15.5
10.2

6.3
13.5
14.9
10.6

6.2
13.3
14.7
10.5

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

4.5
5.8
9.9

4.5
5.6
10.5

4.4
5.6
10.4

4.3
5.8
10.4

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

7.1
9.5
2.3
8.4

7.0
9.0
2.1
8.4

7.0
9.3
2.1
8.2

6.8
9.7
2.0
8.2

7.3
9.1
14.2
7.4
6.8
8.2
5.8
7.8
5.8

7.3
11.0

7.3
10.7
13.3
7.7
7.4
8.0

Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
6laek and other
Black
Hispanic origin

6.2
5.5
5.4
17.0

6.0
5.2
5.4
15.9

9.7

5.3
11.8
13.2
8.8

5.1
11.2
12.4
8.0

4.5
4.9
9.5

4.2
4.7
9.7

4.0
4.2
9.5

3.7
4.2
9.1

6.6
9.2
1.9
7.8

6.5
9.0
1.8
7.7

6.3
9.0
1.8
7.5

5.9
8.1
1.7
7.2

5.6
8.2
1.6
6.7

7.0
15.7
12.8

14.4

6.6
12.0

6.9
6.7
7.3
5.0
7.6
5.6
12.5

7.1
6.7
7.6
4.7
7.3
5.3
11.2

6.2
11.5
11.9
6.1
5.9
6.3
4.7
7.0
4.8
8.8

11.3
5.7
5.7
5.8
4.2
6.7
4.9
10.2

6.9
6.1
6.0

6.7
5.9

18.5

7.1
6.2
6.4
19.0

6.9
6.1
6.1
18.1

17.8

6.0
13.7
15.1
10.8

6.1
13.3
14.7
10.8

6.1
13.5
14.8
10.7

6.0
13.0
14.5
10.8

6.0
12.6
14.1
10.2

5.7
12.7
14.2

4.3
5.6
10.7

4.3
5.4
10.1

4.4
5.4
10.0

4.4
5.3

4.3
5.1
9.8

6.8
9.3
2.0
8.1

6.7
9.1
1.9
7.9

6.7
9.0
1.9
8.0

6.8
9.2
1.9
8.1

7.2
9.4

7.2
9.2

12.7
7.8
7.8
7.8
5.2
7.5
5.8

12.5

13.4

7.1
8.6
13.1
7.5
7.4
7.6
5.2
7.7
5.4
12.3

7.0
10.2
12.9
7.2
7.1
7.3
5.2
7.6
5.6
12.4

7.1
14.5

13.5
7.8
7.8
7.8
5.1
7.7
5.5

7.1

6.1
6.4

5.8
17.9

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
2

13.5

13.7
7.2
7.0
7.5
5.3
7.7
5.9
12.6

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time




5.1
7.7
5.8
14.0

12.5
7.2
7.1
7.3
5.4
7.9
5.6
14.0

14.2

12.1
6.9
6.8
7.0
4.4
7.3
5.1
11.2

6.0
7.9

for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.

51

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-51. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1984

1985

1986

1987

Weeks of unemployment
IV

IV

IV

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

3,422
2,467
2,597
1,075
1,522

3,402
2,431
2,449
1,036
1,413

3,561
2,517
2,365
1,020
1,345

3,502
2,510
2,325
1,037
1,288

3,486
2,517
2,281
1,036
1,245

3,444
2,494
2,231
998
1,233

3,481
2,582
2,231
1,074
1,156

3,530
2,657
2,220
1,028
1,192

3,417
2,484
2,298
1,079
1,220

3,385
2,522
2,185
1,006
1,179

3,386
2,485
2,127
992
1,135

3,192
2,155
2,077
1,009
1,068

3,198
2,081
1,903
889
1,014

17.4
7.4

16.8
7.2

16.0
7.0

15.7
6.8

15.4
7.0

15.4
6.9

14.9
6.8

14.9
6.9

15.4
7.1

15.0
7.0

14.8
6.8

14.9
6.7

14.2
6.3

100.0
40.3
29.1
30.6
12.7
17.9

100.0
41.1
29.4
29.6
12.5
17.1

100.0
42.2
29.8
28.0
12.1
15.9

100.0
42.0
30.1
27.9
12.4
15.4

100.0
42.1
30.4
27.5
12.5
15.0

100.0
42.2
30.5
27.3
12.2
15.1

100.0
42.0
31.1
26.9
13.0
13.9

100.0
42.0
31.6
26.4
12.2
14.2

100.0
41.7
30.3
28.0
13.2
14.9

100.0
41.8
31.2
27.0
12.4
14.6

100.0
42.3
31.1
26.6
12.4
14.2

100.0
43.0
29.0
28.0
13.6
14.4

100.0
44.5
29.0
26.5
12.4
14.1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-52. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1987

1986

1985

1984
Reasons for unemployment
III

IV

I

II

III

IV

I

II

III

IV

I

II

III

4,295
1,164
3,131
844
2,227
1,094

4,228
1,109
3,119
862
2,192
1,037

4,225
1,178
3,047
858
2,258
1,055

4,082
1,136
2,947
893
2,306
1,060

4,194
1,155
3,040
878
2,233
997

4,043
1,154
2,889
883
2,228
1,047

4,053
1,141
2,912
984
2,181
1,036

4,174
1,083
3,091
1,020
2,165
1,048

3,977
1,041
2,936
1,019
2,183
1,014

3,940
1,074
2,866
1,040
2,109
1,021

3,877
1,042
2,835
979
2,069
1,027

3,636
922
2,714
926
1,976
909

3,394
859
2,535
1,002
1,931
838

100.0
50.8
13.8
37.0
10.0
26.3
12.9

100.0
50.8
13.3
37.5
10.4
26.3
12.5

100.0
50.3
14.0
36.3
10.2
26.9
12.6

100.0
48.9
13.6
35.3
10.7
27.6
12.7

100.0
50.5
13.9
36.6
10.6
26.9
12.0

100.0
49.3
14.1
35.2
10.8
27.2
12.8

100.0
49.1
13.8
35.3
11.9
26.4
12.6

100.0
49.6
12.9
36.8
12.1
25.8
12.5

100.0
48.5
12.7
35.8
12.4
26.6
12.4

100.0
48.6
13.2
35.3
12.8
26.0
12.6

100.0
48.8
13.1
35.7
12.3
26.0
12.9

100.0
48.8
12.4
36.4
12.4
26.5
12.2

100.0
47.4
12.0
35.4
14.0
27.0
11.7

3.8
.7
2.0
1.0

3.7
.8
1.9
.9

3.7
.7
2.0
.9

3.5
.6
2.0
.9

3.6
.8
1.9
.9

3.5
.8
1.9
.9

3.5
.8
1.9
.9

3.5
.9
1.8
.9

3.4
.9
1.8
.9

3.3
.9
1.8
.9

3.3
.8
1.7
.9

3.0
.8
1.7
.8

2.8
.8
1.6
.7

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff...
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers .
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

52




HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-53.

Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and race, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)
1985

1984

1987

1986

Reason, sex, and race
IV

IV

IV

TOTAL
Total not in labor force ..

62,791 62,874 62,494 62,771 62,947 62,754 62,817 62,693 62,664 62,807 62,800 62,912 62,978

Do not want a job now.
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity

57,241 56,774 56,766 56,889 56,830 56,744 57,193 56,838 56,865 57,013 57,094 57,025 57,565

Want a job now
,
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities....
Think cannot get a job .
Job-market factors
Personal factors
Other reasons1
Men
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now.
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get a job .
Other reasons1

6,902 6,357 6,292 6,208 6,310 6,316 6,249 6,513 6,189 6,330 6,428 6,446 6,417
4,049 3,843 4,042 3,833 3,836 3,969 4,189 4,040 4,087 3,928 4,152 4,168 4,454
28,018 27,861 27,399 27,271 27,028 26,839 26,796 26,487 26,176 26,000 26,290 25,488 25,643
13,687 14,255 14,354 14,714 15,131 15,234 15,133 15,326 15,885 16,069 15,768 16,266 16,363
4,585 4,458 4,679 4,863 4,525 4,386 4,826 4,471 4,528 4,686 4,456 4,657 4,687
5,917

6,041

5,880

5,808

6,020

5,961

5,789

5,882

5,980

5,808

5,823

5,924

5,854

1,478
809
1,449
1,211
867
344
969

1,483
819
1,347
1,272
928
344
1,120

1,446
763
1,231
1,253
858
395
1,186

1,460
813
1,265
1,170
822
348
1,100

1,417
780
1,395
1,230
813
417
1,197

1,483
854
1,360
1,158
792
365
1,107

1,416
835
1,365
1,107
765
343

1,379
898
1,311
1,119
761
358
1,175

1,578
903
1,203
1,150
736
414
1,145

1,427
746
1,347
1,127
851
277
1,160

1,342
842
1,222
1,168
756
412
1,249

1,473
948
1,351
1,037
688
349
1,115

1,598
843
1,266
1,011
628
383
1,136

1,065

19,776 19,814 19,921 20,011 20,136 20,155 20,225 20,347 20,460 20,454 20,408 20,699 20,833
17,895 17,801 18,059 17,972 18,093 18,143 18,350 18,441 18,382 18,454 18,434 18,660 19,004
1,918

1,986

1,936

2,006

2,003

1,995

1,940

1,948

2,087

2,026

2,005

2,068

2,075

717
383
475
343

744
386
476
380

692
362
507
375

732
348
513
414

667
361
499
477

709
401
492
393

726
364
438
412

667
471
392
418

824
438
425
399

680
359
497
490

652
396
490
467

767
484
409
408

779
413
434
449

Women
Total not in labor force ...

43,016 43,060 42,573 42,761 42,810 42,598 42,593 42,346 42,204 42,354 42,392 42,213 42,145

Do not want a job now.

39,346 38,973 38,707 38,917 38,737 38,601 38,843 38,396 38,482 38,559 38,660 38,365 38,561

Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities....
Think cannot get a job ,
Other reasons
White
Total not in labor force .
Do not want a job now.
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities....
Think cannot get a job .
Other reasons1

3,999

4,055

3,943

3,802

4,016

3,966

3,849

3,933

3,893

3,782

3,818

3,857

3,778

761
426
1,449
736
626

740
433
1,347
795
740

754
401
1,231
746
811

728
465
1,265
658
686

749
420
1,395
731
721

774
453
1,360
666
713

690
471
1,365
669
653

711
426
1,311
727
757

754
465
1,203
725
746

747
387
1,347
630
670

690
447
1,222
678
782

707
464
1,351
628
707

818
430
1,266
577
687

53,894 53,854 53,601 53,807 53,937 53,668 53,767 53,674 53,511 53,564 53,623 53,615 53,757
49,593 49,514 49,219 49,641 49,426 49,317 49,506 49,387 49,208 49,367 49,450 49,265 49,532
4,212

4,367

4,373

4,245

4,430

4,382

4,265

4,352

4,298

4,217

4,195

4,398

4,305

1,014
587
1,063
774
774

1,042
592
1,027
781
926

1,054
551
942
878
948

1,010
560
1,003
764
908

1,026
588

1,036
790
990

1,052
604
1,009
808
910

994
625
1,020
749
876

975
618
1,032
741
985

1,065
625
898
780
931

975
536
975
817
914

933
611
907
800
944

1,106
697
993
702
901

1,127
645
936
631
966

7,252

7,230

7,235

7,313

7,332

7,317

7,274

7,238

7,423

7,405

7,341

7,488

7,309

Do not want a job now.

5,772

5,748

5,901

5,934

5,948

5,930

5,947

5,937

6,027

6,020

5,945

6,206

6,088

Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities....
Think cannot get a job .

1,446

1,485

1,354

1,383

1,332

1,397

1,353

1,299

1,425

1,423

1,436

1,299

1,239

354
214
337
368
174

374
209
282
459
160

369
215
253
351
166

398
211
264
355
156

319
191
301
350
171

348
235
295
345
174

386
211
287
321
147

333
220
270
296
180

460
248
263
275
179

381
192
318
291
241

353
229
287
342
224

308
194
319
304
175

359
170
264
313
133

Black
Total not in labor force ,

*e 1
Other reasons
1

Includes small number of men not looking for work because of




"home responsibilities."

53

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-54. Persons not in the labor force by reason, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Age

Total

Reason and sex

III
1986

III
1987

16 to 19
years

25 to 59
years

20 to 24
years

60 years
and over

III
1986

1987

1986

1987

III
1986

1987

1986

1987

5,625

5,686

3,692

3,574

21,501

21,362

30,678

31,194

2,857

2,813

18,343

18,232

30,068

30,644

794
104
1,247

837
163
1,163

712

650

551
1,998
12,594
462
2,738

539
2,283
12,192
413
2,805

4
1,935
11,807
15,567
755

16
1,943
11,771
16,137
111

TOTAL
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job ....
Job-market factors
Personal factors
Other reasons1

61,496

61,815

55,875

56,366

4,602

3,433
4,084
26,110
16,029
6,218

3,521
4,423
25,588
16,550
6,285

2,083
46

2,129
33

460

463

2,013

2,053

5,622

5,449

835

759

3,152

3,134

610

551

1,006
481
37
82
179
109
70
227

205
72
210
171
140
31
177

144
40
256
149
102
48
170

196
614
1,012
605
430
177
725

256
590
993
566
389
177
729

3
175
28
202
89
112
202

1
167
57
132
51
80
194

4,678

885
896
1,323
1,177
763
414
1,340

882
834
1,388
1,025
651
374
1,320

1,023
482
34
74
200
103
98
233

19,577

19,946

2,609

2,707

1,108

1,091

4,001

4,105

11,859

12,040

17,817

18,196

2,110

2,250

848

910

3,272

3,267

11,593

11,768

1,680
2,176
395
10,337
3,229

1,775
2,276
443
10,458
3,245

1,020
22
39

1,093
11
60

423
49
22

467
95
26

1,029

1,086

354

322

238
1,154
136
388
1,356

213
1,268
127
321
1,338

952
201
9,949
491

2
900
229
10,137
500

1,760

1,750

496

456

259

180

729

841

266

274

448
433
430
449

407
404
433
506

252
22
107
115

252
14
88
102

101
52
52
54

57
15
57
51

91
272
191
175

96
297
201
247

3
85
79
99

1
78
89
106

41,919

41,869

3,016

2,979

2,585

2,483

17,499

17,255

18,820

19,152

38,057

38,170

2,492

2,429

2,008

1,905

15,075

14,960

18,478

18,874

1,753
1,908
25,715
5,692
2,989

1,746
2,147
25,145
6,092
3,040

1,062
24

1,036
22

371
54

371
69

422

404

1,225

1,137

313
845
12,461
74
1,382

325
1,013
12,063
91
1,468

4
984
11,607
5,618
265

13
1,042
11,541
6,001
277

984

967

358

328

3,862

3,699

2,422

2,294

342

279

524
230
12
74
93
115

549
229
23
82
91
124

576
104
20
210
119
123

577
86
24
256
93
118

105
341
1,012
415
549

160
294
993
364
483

90
28
121
103

89
57
43
90

Men
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get a job ...
Other reasons1
Women
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job ...
Other reasons

437
463
1,323
747
891

475
430
1,388
592
815

Includes small number of men not looking for work because of
"home responsibilities."
NOTE: Detail in tables A-54 and A-55 may not add to not-in-labor-

54




force totals because of differences in the weighting patterns used in
aggregating these data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-55.

Persons not in the labor force by reason, race, Hispanic origin, age, and sex

(In thousands)
Age

Total
16 to 24
years

Reason, race, and Hispanic origin
1986

1987

Sex

25 to 59
years

60 years
and over

Men

Women

III
1986

1987

1986

52,562 52,841

7,046

6,976

18,011 17,861 27,505 28,003 16,514 16,845 36,048 35,995

48,428 48,741

5,750

5,740

15,660 15,450 27,022 27,553 15,203 15,541 33,225 33,201

2,640
2,685 2,209
3,300 3,495
119
23,109 22,684
14,474 14,920 1,393
4,905 4,958
2,029
4,135 4,099
1,292
607
583
448
638
625
62
1,014
1,061
206
821
664
242
1,092
1,129
334

2,270
135

426
403
4
13
1,609 1,786 1,575 1,574
10,995 10,658 10,722 10,724
422
383 14,053 14,538
2,208 2,220
668
704

1987

1986

1987

1986

1987

1986

1987

WHITE
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

1,301

1,282
1,782
289
9,366
2,484

1,369 1,358 1,316
1,837 1,518 1,658
344 22,820 22,350
9,461
5,108 5,459
2,540 2,421 2,418

1,312

1,305

2,822

2,794
322
317
1,061
381
713

2,034
2,352

2,413

484

449

1,237
425
59
233
194
326

134
437
782
414
585

180
444
778
375
636

123
26
164
171

135
50
95
169

308
314

285
321

312
378

282
417

274
311
1,014
509
714

BLACK
Total not in labor force

7,207

7,105

1,809

1,814

2,710

2,610

2,686

2,681

2,495

2,482

4,712

4,623

Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity

5,930

5,992 1,323

1,379

2,026

2,027

2,581

2,587

2,110

2,140

3,819

3,852

556
705
2,315
1,301
1,053

595
808
2,173
1,357
1,059

491
32

520
57

257

255

65
342
1,143
32
444

76
412
1,050
21
468

332
916
1,269
64

340
869
1,334
44

265
350
99
797
599

280
372
82
827
579

291
356
2,215
504
453

315
436
2,091
530
480

543

547

Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

1,277

1,113

686

582

105

94

385

343

893

771

259
239
278
296
206

198
160
281
318
156

490
209
33
71
116
61

436
148
11
96
124
57

47
162
204
155
118

51
119
180
159
73

3
44
2
27
29

30
4
34
26

125
102

76
65

100
58

126
76

134
136
278
197
148

122
95
281
193
80

4,136

4,303

1,105

1,149

1,964

2,048

1,066

1,106

1,104

1,189

3,033

3,115

3,634

3,813

914

939

1,677

1,792

1,040

1,084

943

1,050

2,688

2,764

363
341
1,955
501
474

359
326
2,096
535
497

314
17

310
23

47
206
1,226
10
188

50
175
1,366
23
178

117
405
491
27

128
411
512
33

146
190
37
329
241

202
199
58
332
259

216
151
1,917
172
232

157
127
2,037
204
239

287

257

26

23

160

140

345

351

14
65
116
45
47

25
34
115
28
55

41
40

50
26

35
44

24
40

59
36
155
52
43

51
32
170
54
44

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity
Want a job now
Reason for not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

504
100
76
155
87
86

325

319

258

287

192

211
75
8
55
45
28

490
101
58
170
77
84

87
33
36
36

Includes small number of men not looking for work because of
"home responsibilities."
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not




sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

55

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-56. Persons not in the labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by reason, sex, age, race, and Hispanic
origin
(In thousands)
3rd Quarter 1987
Age

Reason and sex
Total

Race and Hispanic origin

16 to 19
years

20 to 24
years

25 to 59
years

84

40
16
14

33
15

31
99
47

374
277

75
34

77
25

71
30
35

16
9
5

173
123

44
15

Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap

69
120
49

Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available

201
154

60 years
and over

Hispanic
origin

White

Black

69
3
8

105
108
56

35
30
22

4
20
1

199
190

23
28

222
172

144
88

43
10

11
12
19

44
3
4

53
20
22

18
6
9

24
18

86
73

19
17

113
74

56
37

14
4

24
8
9

21
87
28

24

26
8

4

52
88
34

16
25
13

4
15
1

32
20

53
7

113
117

5
11

109
98

88
51

29
6

TOTAL
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available

140

150

Men
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find work
Thinks no job available
Women

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

56



and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-57. Work-seeking intentions of persons not in the labor force and work history of those who intend to seek work within
the next 12 months by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
Age

Total
Work-seeking intentions, work history, and sex

III
1986

16 to 24
years
1987

III
1986

Race

25 to 59
years
ill
1987

60 years
and over

III
1986

53,201 53,492 5,564
8,294 8,321 3,754
1,285 1,229 1,097
1,209 1,254
66
1,894 1,872
541
3,906 3,966 2,051

5,506
3,753
1,102
58
506
2,086

17,485 17,344 30,154 30,644 46,112 46,238 5,656
524
4,017 4,020
549 6,449 6,602 1,551
181
126
349
7
842
828
1,002 1,052
278
141
885
143
929
1,162 1,176
354
191
191 1,482 1,494
1,670 1,664
570
214 3,240 3,351
186

5,740
1,366
316
279
305
466

16,901 17,176 2,146
2,675 2,769 1,570
527
480
503
198
6
270
497
160
529
924
1,453 1,467

2,230
1,568
481
10
151
927

3,190 11,613 11,756 14,402 14,656 2,039
915
245
456
286 2,111 2,189
23
154
334
3
340
182
47
131
78
65
178
278
404
101
87
85
428
434
170
107 1,242 1,244
90

2,039
443
126
79
72
167

36,299 36,316 3,416
5,619 5,552 2,183
758
618
726
1,010
59
984
1,397 1,344
381
2,454 2,498 1,126

3,276
2,185
622
49
354
1,159

14,342 14,153 18,541 18,888 31,710 31,582 3,617
3,157 3,102
279
265 4,338 4,413 1,095
195
4
102
136
488
508
231
870
876
75
754
65
751
269
104
913
898
91 1,078 1,066
399
1,232 1,230
108 1,998 2,107

3,701
922
190
199
234
299

1986

III
1987

Black

1987

1986

III
1987

White

1986

III
1987

TOTAL
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months
Men
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months

3,141
858
45
126
250
439

Women
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months




57

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-58. Employment status of the civilian nonlnstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
White

Total
Employment status, sex, and age
1986

III
1987

1986

Hispanic origin

Black
III
1987

III
1986

1987

III
1986

III
1987

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries .......
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

180,835
119,339
66.0
111,192
3,454
107,738
8,147
6.8
61,496

183,016
121,201
66.2
114,069
3,494
110,574
7,133
5.9
61,815

155,609
103,048
66.2
97,077
3,227
93,850
5,971
5.8
52,562

157,145
104,304
66.4
99,118
3,217
95,900
5,187
5.0
52,841

20,028
12,822
64.0
10,913
172
10,741
1,910
14.9
7,207

20,398
13,293
65.2
11,588
210
11,378
1,704
12.8
7,105

12,397
8,261
66.6
7,383
371
7,012
878
10.6
4,137

12,926
8,622
66.7
7,940
420
7,520
683
7.9
4,303

85,923
66,346
77.2
62,061
2,706
59,355
4,285
6.5
19,577

87,033
67,087
77.1
63,388
2,747
60,641
3,699
5.5
19,946

74,482
57,968
77.8
54,802
2,529
52,272
3,166
5.5
16,514

75,286
58,441
77.6
55,696
2,510
53,186
2,744
4.7
16,845

8,974
6,480
72.2
5,516
137
5,379
965
14.9
2,495

9,150
6,668
72.9
5,857
182
5,675
810
12.2
2,482

6,133
5,029
82.0
4,514
321
4,193
515
10.2
1,104

6,401
5,212
81.4
4,830
373
4,457
382
7.3
1,189

78,647
61,679
78.4
58,202
2,409
55,794
3,477
5.6
16,968

79,678
62,439
78.4
59,459
2,468
56,991
2,980
4.8
17,238

68,499
53,950
78.8
51,364
2,247
49,117
2,586
4.8
14,549

69,257
54,473
78.7
52,239
2,252
49,987
2,234
4.1
14,784

7,925
5,951
75.1
5,187
125
5,062
764
12.8
1,975

8,082
6,106
75.6
5,472
164
5,307
634
10.4
1,975

5,478
4,639
84.7
4,220
285
3,934
419
9.0
839

5,728
4,837
84.4
4,539
350
4,189
299
6.2
891

94,912
52,993
55.8
49,131
748
48,383
3,862
7.3
41,919

95,983
54,114
56.4
50,680
747
49,933
3,434
6.3
41,869

81,128
45,080
55.6
42,275
698
41,578
2,804
6.2
36,048

81,859
45,864
56.0
43,421
707
42,714
2,442
5.3
35,995

11,054
6,342
57.4
5,397
35
5,362
945
14.9
4,712

11,248
6,625
58.9
5,731
28
5,703
894
13.5
4,623

6,264
3,232
51.6
2,869
51
2,819
362
11.2
3,033

6,525
3,410
52.3
3,110
47
3,063
300
8.8
3,115

87,699
48,796
55.6
45,632
693
44,939
3,163
6.5
38,903

88,701
49,810
56.2
47,000
681
46,319
2,810
5.6
38,891

75,228
41,453
55.1
39,153
645
38,507
2,301
5.6
33,774

75,928
42,181
55.6
40,194
645
39,549
1,987
4.7
33,747

9,969
5,868
58.9
5,106
34
5,072
762
13.0
4,101

10,147
6,113
60.2
5,370
25
5,346
742
12.1
4,035

5,617
2,961
52.7
2,672
47
2,626
288
9.7
2,657

5,862
3,134
53.5
2.894
45
2,849
239
7.6
2,729

14,489
8,864
61.2
7,357
352
7,006
1,507
17.0
5,625

14,638
8,952
61.2
7,610
345
7,265
1,342
15.0
5,686

11,882
7,644
64.3
6,560
334
6,226
1,084
14.2
4,238

11,959
7,650
64.0
6,685
320
6,364
965
12.6
4,309

2,134
1,004
47.0
620
12
607
384
38.3
1,131

2,169
1,074
49.5
746
21
725
328
30.6
1,095

1,301
661
50.8
491
39
452
170
25.7
641

1,335
651
48.8
506
25
481
145
22.2
683

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
....
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
...
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

58




and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-59.

Employment status of civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)
Mexican origin

Total Hispanic origin
Employment status, sex, and age

Puerto Rican origin

Cuban origin

III

III

III

III

III

III

III

III

1986

1987

1986

1987

1986

1987

1986

1987

12,397
8,261
66.6
7,383
371
7,012
878
10.6
4,137

12,926
8,622
66.7
7,940
420
7,520
683
7.9
4,303

7,475
5,110
68.4
4,536
321
4,215
573
11.2
2,366

7,826
5,356
68.4
4,875
371
4,504
480
9.0
2,471

1,536
826
53.8
714
9
705
112
13.6
709

1,536
809
52.7
736
10
726
73
9.1
727

823
570
69.3
524
10
514
46
8.0
253

763
508
66.6
487
487
21
4.2
255

6,133
5,029
82.0
4,514
321
4,193
515
10.2
1,104

6,401
5,212
81.4
4,830
373
4,457
382
7.3
1,189

3,820
3,215
84.2
2,879
281
2,598
337
10.5
605

3,992
3,330
83.4
3,063
331
2,732
267
8.0
662

698
503
72.1
436
6
430
67
13.2
195

672
474
70.5
435
7
427
40
8.3
198

417
325
77.9
297
8
289
28
8.6
92

373
284
76.1
272
_
272
12
4.2
90

5,478
4,639
84.7
4,220
285
3,934
419
9.0
839

5,728
4,837
84.4
4,539
350
4,189
299
6.2
891

3,378
2,928
86.7
2,660
247
2,414
268
9.1
450

3,559
3,073
86.3
2,873
310
2,563
201
6.5
486

611
465
76.1
410
5
404
56
12.0
145

597
439
73.5
405
7
398
35
7.9
157

399
317
79.4
293
8
284
24
7.6
82

344
271
78.8
259
259
12
4.3
7.4

6,264
3,232
51.6
2,869
51
2,819
362
11.2
3,033

6,525
3,410
52.3
3,110
47
3,063
300
8.8
3,115

3,656
1,894
51.8
1,658
40
1,617
237
12.5
1,761

3,834
2,025
52.8
1,812
41
1,771
213
10.5
1,809

838
323
38.5
278
3
275
45
14.0
514

864
335
38.8
301
2
299
34
10.1
530

406
245
60.3
227
2
226
18
7.2
161

390
224
57.4
215
215
9
4.2
165

5,617
2,961
52.7
2,672
47
2,626
288
9.7
2,657

5,862
3,134
53.5
2,894
45
2,849
239
7.6
2,729

3,231
1,716
53.1
1,534
37
1,498
182
10.6
1,515

3,396
1,839
54.2
1,674
39
1,635
164
8.9
1,558

751
292
38.9
254
3
251
38
13.0
459

783
311
39.7
283
2
281
28
8.9
473

391
238
60.9
223
2
221
15
6.3
153

370
217
58.6
210
210
7
3.2
153

1,301
661
50.8
491
39
452
170
25.7
641

1,335
651
48.8
506
25
481
145
22.2
683

866
465
53.7
342
38
304
123
26.5
401

871
443
50.9
328
23
305
115
26.0
427

174
69
39.7
51
1
50
18
26.4
105

156
59
37.8
48
1
47
11
(2)
97

33
15

49
21
(2)
18
_
18
3
(2)
28

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.




?

0
8
_
8
6
(2)
18

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.

59

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-60. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)
Hispanic origin

Black

White

Total
Category

III
1986

III
1987

III
1986

III
1987

111,192 114,069
62,061 63,388
49,131 50,680

97,077
54,802
42,275

99,118
55,696
43,421

10,913
5,516
5,397

11,588
5,857
5,731

7,383
4,514
2,869

7,940
4,830
3,110

1986

1987

1986

1987

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

26,373
12,750
13,622

27,850
13,726
14,123

23,994
11,794
12,199

25,182
12,588
12,594

1,553
621
932

1,738
754
983

922
470
451

1,043
539
505

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

34,697
3,489
13,384
17,824

35,224
3,476
13,593
18,155

30,815
3,080
12,297
15,438

31,050
2,997
12,364
15,689

2,924
272
754
1,898

3,122
324
827
1,970

1,880
144
667
1,068

1,939
123
721
1,094

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

14,780
994
1,816
11,970

15,120
926
1,920
12,275

11,772
727
1,513
9,533

11,990
687
1,554
9,749

2,492
237
268
1,987

2,636
220
333
2,083

1,254
110
96
1,048

1,347
97
95
1,155

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,778
4,452
5,190
4,137

13,893
4,549
5,207
4,137

12,437
4,035
4,738
3,664

12,579
4,145
4,756
3,679

1,016
305
375
336

1,006
317
374
315

1,066
332
359
375

1,095
327
379
390

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,666
8,115
4,629
4,923
898
4,025

18,019
8,266
4,767
4,986
877
4,109

14,503
6,613
3,910
3,980
747
3,233

14,717
6,709
3,951
4,057
737
3,321

2,668
1,199
644
826
139
687

2,798
1,240
732
826
125
701

1,864
1,018
350
496
131
365

2,018
1,109
370
539
116
423

3,898

3,962

3,556

3,600

259

289

397

497

1,717
1,532
204

1,806
1,507
181

1,551
1,477
199

1,605
1,436
177

130
37
3

154
53
3

325
43
3

356
58

99,403 102,000
16,025 16,453
83,378 85,547
1,238
1,323
82,055 84,309
8,298
8,066
276
270

86,065
13,060
73,005
976
72,029
7,535
250

87,957
13,293
74,664
933
73,731
7,703
240

10,420
2,456
7,964
309
7,655
318
4

11,019
2,614
8,405
274
8,130
350
8

6,579
845
5,734
137
5,597
415
18

7,102
956
6,146
120
6,027
400
17

93,863
5,61
14,589

79,629
4,631
12,817

81,336
4,594
13,188

9,000
984
929

9,684
853
1,05i

6,183
563
637

6,621
635
683

Farming, forestry, and fishing
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers ...
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers ...
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS1
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons.
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work full or part time.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not

60




91,328
5,774
14,090

sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-61. Employed civilians of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and economic categories
(In thousands)
Total Hispanic
origin1

Mexican origin

Puerto Rican
origin

Cuban origin

Category
III
1987

III
1987

III
1986

1986

1987

III
1986

III
1987

7,383
4,514
2,869

7,940
4,830
3,110

4,536
2,879
1,658

4,875
3,063
1,812

714
436
278

736
435
301

524
297
227

487
272
215

922
470
451

1,043
539
505

456
236
220

532
281
250

104
54
50

105
53
52

88
52
36

112
69
42

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,880
144
667
1,068

1,939
123
721

1,110
71
398

641

199
14
61
124

201
11
58
132

185
15
71
98

173
9

1,094

1,056
77
387
592

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,254
110
96
1,048

1,347
97
95
1,155

746
58
46
643

784
59
58
667

140
2
20
118

135
3
13

69
4

119

7
58

54
1
5
48

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

1,066
332
359
375

1,095
327
379
390

688
206
263
218

691
189
260
242

98
26
21
51

96
39
20
37

69
29
17
23

61
21
24
16

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

1,864
1,018
350
496
131
365

2,018
1,109
370
539
116
423

1,252
669
226
357
103
254

1,333
720
236
377
82
295

160
84
35
41
6
35

186
109
38

39
8
31

105
56
19
30
8
22

81
42
19
20
2
18

397

497

338

426

13

14

9

325
43
3

356
58

287
33
2

318
48
6

6,579
845
5,734
137

7,102
956

3,963
504
3,459

4,285

687
138
550
4
546
18

704
140
563
3
560
23

456
31
425
4
421
57

1986

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men
Women
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

Farming, forestry, and fishing

73
91

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

18

6,146
120
6,027
400
17

6,183
563
637

6,621
635
683

5,597
415

3,379

569
3,716
76
3,640

238
13

211
7

3,756
395
385

4,001
470
404

80

440
36
403
1
402
41

1

2

FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons

Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.




622
43
49

631
40
66

460
17
48

425
14
48

2
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work full or part time.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-62. Employed civilians by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(In thousands)

White

Total
Sex and age

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Black

Hispanic origin

III
1986

1987

111,192

114,069

97,077

99,118

10,913

11,588

7,383

7,940

7,357
3,131
4,227
14,162
89,672
75,275
14,398

7,610
3,306
4,304
13,932
92,526
78,036
14,490

6,560
2,821
3,739
12,371
78,147
65,259
12,888

6,685
2,923
3,761
12,078
80,355
67,498
12,857

620
246
373
1,461
8,831
7,637
1,194

746
299
447
1,480
9,362
8,065
1,298

491
178
313
1,205
5,688
5,152
536

506
167
340
1,311
6,123
5,526
597

62,061

63,388

54,802

55,696

5,516

5,857

4,514

4,830

3,859
1,656
2,203
7,509
50,693
42,292
8,400

3,930
1,711
2,219
7,368
52,091
43,556
8,535

3,437
1,486
1,951
6,593
44,772
37,163
7,609

3,457
1,505
1,952
6,402
45,838
38,171
7,667

328
135
193
730
4,457
3,843
615

385
166
219
771
4,701
4,017
686

294
97
197
772
3,448
3,119
329

291
89
202
812
3,727
3,369
357

49,131

50,680

42,275

43,421

5,397

5,731

2,869

3,110

3,498
1,474
2,024
6,652
38,980
32,983
5,997

3,680
1,595
2,085
6,564
40,436
34,481
5,955

3,123
1,335
1,788
5,778
33,375
28,096
5,279

3,228
1,418
1,809
5,677
34,517
29,327
5,190

292
111
181
731
4,374
3,794
579

361
133
228
709
4,661
4,048
612

197
81
116
432
2,240
2,033
207

216
78
138
499
2,395
2,157
239

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

III
1986

1987

1986

1987

III
1986

III
1987

and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-63. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Civilian workers)

White

Total
Sex and age

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

62




...

Hispanic origin

Black

III

III

III

III

1986

1987

1986

1987

III
1986

III
1987

III
1986

III
1987

6.8

5.9

5.8

5.0

14.9

12.8

10.6

7.9

17.0
18.2
16.1
10.4

15.0
16.1
14.1

14.2
15.5
13.2

12.6
13.7
11.8

8.2
4.6
4.9
3.4

7.6
3.9
4.1
2.8

25.7
27.5
24.7
13.3

22.2
25.6
20.5

9.1
4.5
4.8
3.1

30.6
33.2
28.7
20.1

5.3
5.6
3.7

38.3
39.6
37.4
24.8
10.6
11.3

9.7

5.8

5.7

8.4
8.5
7.9

9.6
6.1
6.3
4.2

6.5

5.5

5.5

4.7

14.9

12.2

10.2

7.3

17.3
18.9
16.1
10.2

15.5
16.9
14.3

14.4
16.3
13.0

12.9
14.3
11.7

8.0
4.3
4.5
3.5

7.4
3.6
3.8
2.7

24.6
29.9
21.7
13.3

22.4
29.7
18.7

8.7
4.2
4.4
3.0

31.5
33.6
29.8
17.8

4.9
5.2
3.8

38.0
38.5
37.7
25.0
10.5
11.1
6.3

9.0
9.5
6.5

8.0
8.0
8.6

7.3

6.3

6.2

5.3

14.9

13.5

11.2

8.8

16.6
17.4
16.1
10.6

14.5
15.3
13.9

13.9
14.6
13.4

12.4
12.9
11.9

9.6
5.0
5.3
3.1

8.3
5.1
5.4
3.4

7.8
4.2
4.4
2.9

38.5
40.9
37.0
24.6
10.7
11.5

29.6
32.6
27.6
22.4
10.3
11.1

27.3
24.4
29.2
13.4

22.0
20.4
22.9
12.6
6.6
6.8

5.2

4.8

5.7
6.1
3.6

10.3

9.0
9.2
6.8

7.7
5.8
6.0

4.0

4.4

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-64. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Weeks of unemployment

III
1986

1987

III
1986

8,147
3,541
2,536
2,070
881
1,189

7,133
3,303
2,115
1,715
724
991

5,971
2,658

14.9
6.5

100.0
43.5
31.1
25.4
10.8
14.6

Hispanic origin

Black

White

1986

1987

1987

1986

1987

1,472
633
839

5,187
2,472
1,496
1,218
520
698

1,910
774
606
529
214
315

1,704
708
553
444
180
264

878
436
258
183
80
103

683
354
193
135
63
73

13.8
5.9

14.4
6.2

13.5
5.5

16.4
7.2

15.1
6.9

12.7
5.1

11.7
4.8

100.0
46.3
29.7
24.0
10.2
13.9

100.0
44.5
30.8
24.7
10.6
14.1

100.0
47.7
28.8
23.5
10.0
13.5

100.0
40.6
31.8
27.7
11.2
16.5

100.0
41.5
32.4
26.0
10.6
15.5

100.0
49.7
29.4
20.8
9.1
11.7

100.0
51.9
28.3
19.8
9.2
10.6

DURATION
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

1,840

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-65. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Reasons for unemployment

Black

White

Hispanic origin

1986

III
1987

III
1986

1987

1986

1987

8,147
3,710
902
2,808
1,089
2,214
1,135

7,133
3,157
737
2,420
1,072
1,959
944

5,971
2,761
740
2,021
896
1,572
742

5,187
2,347
587
1,760
861
1,373
606

1,910
840
135
705
168
555
347

1,704
733
138
596
173
516
282

878
451
98
353
90
194
143

683
342

100.0
45.5
11.1
34.5
13.4
27.2
13.9

100.0
44.3
10.3
33.9
15.0
27.5
13.2

100.0
46.2
12.4
33.8
15.0
26.3
12.4

100.0
45.2
11.3
33.9
16.6
26.5
11.7

100.0
44.0
7.1
36.9
8.8
29.1
18.2

100.0
43.0
8.1
35.0
10.2
30.3
16.5

100.0
51.4
11.2
40.2
10.2
22.1
16.2

100.0
50.0
10.7
39.3
13.0
20.6
16.4

3.1
.9
1.9
1.0

2.6
.9
1.6
.8

2.7
.9
1.5
.7

2.3
.8
1.3
.6

6.5
1.3
4.3
2.7

5.5
1.3
3.9
2.1

5.5
1.1
2.3
1.7

4.0
1.0
1.6
1.3

1986

III
1987

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total, 16 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

73
268
89
141
112

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented




and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

63

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-66. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Employed

Total

Unemployed

Veteran status and age
III
1986

Percent of
labor force

Number

III
1987

III
1987

1986

III
1986

III
1987
1986

1987

III
1986

III
1987

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over

7,760
6,370
1,120
3,009
2,241
1,390

7,847
6,183
895
2,552
2,736
1,663

7,196
6,090
1,055
2,881
2,153
1,106

7,243
5,901
845
2,432
2,623
1,342

6,876
5,800
983
2,743
2,074
1,076

6,911
5,620
774
2,314
2,532
1,292

319
290
72
138
79
30

331
281
71
119
91
50

4.4
4.8
6.9
4.8
3.7
2.7

4.6
4.8
8.4
4.9
3.5
3.8

18,708
8,704
5,839
4,165

19,587
8,905
6,262
4,420

17,737
8,288
5,535
3,914

18,589
8,519
5,941
4,129

16,835
7,849
5,251
3,735

17,810
8,138
5,710
3,962

902
439
284
179

779
382
231
167

5.1
5.3
5.1
4.6

4.2
4.5
3.9
4.0

NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data

A-67.

are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin

(Numbers in thousands)
Nonveterans

Veterans
Employment status and age

White

Hispanic origin

Black

1986

III
1987

16,833
16,089
15,505
584
3.6

1,851
1,642
1,442
200
12.2

1,980
1,792
1,636
156
8.7

1,564
1,453
1,328
125
8.6

1,741
1,624
1,518
106
6.5

7,414
7,128
6,807
321
4.5

7,678
7,395
7,106
289
3.9

862
761
666
95
12.5

914
844
763
81
9.6

717
665
603
61
9.2

750
706
657
49
6.9

127
119
111
8
6.9

4,959
4,740
4,545
195
4.1

5,357
5,115
4,950
165
3.2

570
514
444
70
13.6

625
567
521
46
8.1

481
447
400
46
10.3

540
507
477
30
5.9

101
96
94
1
1.3

3,569
3,377
3,242
136
4.0

3,797
3,579
3,449
129
3.6

419
367
332
35
9.7

441
382
353
29
7.6

366
342
324
18
5.2

451
412
385
27
6.6

III
1987

5,501
5,275
5,059
216
4.1

604
556
511
45
8.0

581
529
471
58
11.0

314
295
267
28
9.4

949
901
846
55
6.1

761
719
670
49
6.8

145
129
113
16
12.5

108
101
82
19
19.0

2,689
2,586
2,477
110
4.2

2,257
2,165
2,076
89
4.1

277
253
232
21
8.2

2,030
1,950
1,881
69
3.6

2,483
2,391
2,314
77
3.2

181
174
166
8
4.4

5,667
5,437
5,203
234
4.3

Hispanic origin

Black

1986

1986

III
1986

III
1987

White

III
1987

III
1987

III
1986

III
1986

1987

293
274
258
16
6.0

15,942
15,245
14,593
652
4.3

71
67
61
7
9.9

65
60
53
7
11.5

257
233
207
26
11.1

152
139
122
17
12.2

215
195
182
13
6.6

91
89
84
4
4.7

TOTAL, 30 to 44 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
30 to 34 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
35 to 39 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
40 to 44 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men
who never served in the Armed Forces; published data are limited to
those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to

64




the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population. Detail for the above race
and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the
"other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both
the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-68. Unemployment in families by type of family, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family
members
(Numbers in thousands)
III
1986

1987
With unemployment:

With unemployment:

Percent of families:

Percent of families:
Type of family, race, and Hispanic origin
Total
families

Total

With no
employed
person
in
family

With at
Total
With at
least one families
least one
person in
employed
family
person in
employed
family
full time

Total

With no
employed
person
in
family

With at
With at
least one
least one
person in
employed
family
person in
employed
family
full time

TOTAL
Total families
With children under 18 years of age
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of age
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of age
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of age

63,104
31,517
50,195
24,214
10,405
6,347
2,504
956

6,081
3,733
4,243
2,634
1,501
962
337
136

28.4
30.4
19.3
18.1
51.5
60.9
40.1
52.9

71.6
69.6
80.7
81.9
48.5
39.1
59.9
47.1

63.0
60.7
72.3
73.1
38.5
29.4
54.3
43.4

64,057
31,690
50,691
24,286
10,637
6,373
2,729
1,031

5,380
3,286
3,698
2,285
1,366
879
316
123

27.5
29.3
17.7
16.3
51.4
60.3
38.8
49.6

72.5
70.7
82.3
83.7
48.6
39.7
61.2
50.4

63.7
61.9
73.7
75.2
38.9
29.9
53.0
43.1

54,467
26,319
45,371
21,424
7,144
4,144
1,951
750

4,559
2,752
3,501
2,141
822
510
236
101

25.9
27.3
19.7
18.7
49.0
58.4
38.6
51.5

74.1
72.7
80.3
81.3
51.0
41.6
61.4
48.5

65.8
63.8
72.2
72.6
40.9
30.8
57.2
45.5

55,171
26,491
45,753
21,529
7,313
4,169
2,105
793

4,005
2,388
3,063
1,866
727
440
216
83

23.7
24.2
17.4
16.4
45.9
52.5
38.0
50.0

76.3
75.8
82.6
83.6
54.1
47.5
62.0
50.0

67.1
66.3
73.5
74.7
43.5
35.2
55.6
43.9

6,949
4,152
3,518
1,947
2,982
2,032
450
173

1,318
856
590
395
640
427
89
34

36.8
40.4
16.8
14.7
54.5
63.2
43.2

63.2
59.6
83.2
85.3
45.5
36.8
56.8

53.7
50.8
73.2
76.2
36.5
28.3
50.0

7,119
4,176
3,553
1,935
3,056
2,046
509
195

1,181
776
504
330
592
413
86
33

40.7
45.1
18.8
14.6
59.5
69.4
40.7

59.3
54.9
81.2
85.4
40.5
30.6
59.3

51.6
48.1
74.2
78.7
32.4
23.8
48.8

4,228
2,728
2,976
1,945
1,011
698
241
84

629
426
444
318
137
86
46
22

4,420
2,857
3,118
2,053
1,012
695
290
109

544
363
386
269
122
77
36
16

27.2
29.8
21.8
22.3
43.1
50.0

72.8
70.2
78.2
77.7
56.9
50.0

61.9
57.6
67.4
65.4
44.7
34.6

O
O

O
O

0
O

White
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of

age
age
age
age

Black
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of

age
age
age
age

O

0

32.0
34.7
25.0
25.2
51.1
59.3

68.0
65.3
75.0
74.8
48.9
40.7

60.3
56.3
66.9
66.2
40.9
29.1

O
0

O
O

O
O

0

0

0

O

Hispanic origin
Total families
With children under 18 years of
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by women
With children under 18 years of
Families maintained by men
With children under 18 years of
1

age
age
age
age

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not




sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

65

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-69. Unemployed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family
members
(Numbers in thousands)
III
1986

1987
Percent of unemployed:

Percent of unemployed:
Family relationship, race, and Hispanic origin
Total

With no
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time

Total

With no
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time

TOTAL
1

Total unemployed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age ..
Wives
With children under 18 years of age .
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

6,742
1,453
952
1,440
935
1,774

30.7
40.5
43.5
16.2
14.1
11.5

69.3
59.5
56.5
83.8
85.9
88.5

60.7
46.3
42.5
76.5
78.2
83.2

5,890
1,283
825
1,204
800
1,553

29.6
35.6
38.2
14.2
12.6
12.1

70.4
64.4
61.8
85.8
87.4
87.9

61.6
50.1
47.6
79.4
80.5
82.6

644
557
1,060
143
79
229

81.4
87.4
33.8
66.3
87.8
28.3

18.6
12.6
66.2
33.7
12.2
71.7

11.3
6.4
54.6
27.6
8.5
66.9

619
531
899
124
64
208

80.9
87.4
32.1
66.9
85.9
27.0

19.1
12.6
67.9
33.1
14.1
73.0

11.8
7.2
56.5
22.5
7.2
66.2

4,937
1,201
763
1,199
772
1,393

28.6
41.9
45.6
16.2
14.3
11.1

71.4
58.1
54.4
83.8
85.7

63.1
45.4
40.7
76.7
78.3
83.7

4,294
1,077
683
1,005
656
1,201

26.0
35.8
39.2
13.3
11.6
11.0

74.0
64.2
60.8
86.7
88.4

64.8
48.5
45.0
80.4
81.8
83.2

360
298
529
98
56
156

76.4
85.3
33.6
66.4

23.6
14.7
66.4
33.6
(2)
73.4

14.3
6.6
55.0
29.2
(2)
70.3

303
247
479
83
41
146

73.4
81.8
30.4

17.8

67.1
i2)
27.4

26.6
18.2
69.6
32.9

White
1

Total unemployed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age .
Wives
With children under 18 years of age .
Relatives in married-couple families ....
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

72.6

67.9

26.6

Black
Total unemployed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age ..
Wives
With children under 18 years of age ..
Relatives in married-couple families

a

11.3
58.8
24.5
(2)

1,582
190
153
183
124
324

36.8
32.2
33.2
13.7
11.9
13.5

63.2
67.8
66.8
86.3
88.1
86.5

53.7
51.2
51.4
76.1
78.0
80.9

1,393
162
113
159
116
294

41.5
32.5
29.5
20.1
18.6
17.5

58.5
67.5
70.5
79.9
81.4
82.5

51.0
59.3
63.7
74.5
75.4
78.6

268
245
512
41
22
64

87.4
89.5
33.6

7.8
6.4
54.8
(*)
(*)
62.2

299
273
392
31
17
55

89.1
92.5
35.0

10.9
7.5
65.0

30.7

12.6
10.5
66.4
(2)
<*)
69.3

28.2

71.8

5.8
3.6
53.0
(*)
(*)
63.0

745
177
127
146
109
207

34.5
52.8
57.9
20.5
19.1
11.9

65.5
47.2
42.1
79.5
80.9
88.1

57.9
39.2
34.5
70.8
70.9
82.0

592
145
115
121
85
164

28.4
44.7
48.9
15.6
14.6
10.6

71.6
55.3
51.1
84.4
85.4
89.4

61.4
40.7
36.2
77.4
76.8
81.0

54
44
107
24
16
29

i2)
(*)

()

(*)
(2)
46.9

48
42
80
10
8
24

(*)
(2)
31.2

68.8

i2)
57.2

Hispanic origin
Total unemployed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age ...
Wives
With children under 18 years of age ...
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women .
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families where the
husband, wife or, other person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and
persons in unrelated subfamilies. Estimates for husbands, wives, and women who
maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates shown in other
tables in this publication because of differences in definitions and weighting patterns

66




45.9

t2)
(*)
(*)

{*)
54.1
(*)
(*)

used in aggregating the data.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-70. Employed civilians by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family members
(Numbers in thousands)
III
1986

III
19 37
Percent of employed:

Percent of employed:
Family relationship, race, and Hispanic origin
Total

With no
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
person \n
family
employed
full time

Total

With no
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time

TOTAL
1

Total employed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men

90,941
37,964
22,221
26,152
14,229
13,163

22.7
30.8
32.9
8.9
5.3
6.3

77.3
69.2
67.1
91.1
94.7
93.7

66.7
52.1
46.7
66.5
90.9
90.0

93,054
38,513
22,428
27,033
14,685
13,124

22.2
29.9
31.8
8.4
4.8
6.8

77.8
70.1
68.2
91.6
95.2
93.2

67.2
53.1
48.3
87.0
91.5
89.6

5,755
3,779
4,682
1,799
781
1,426

59.7
75.0
24.7
51.6
76.9
16.3

40.3
25.0
75.3
48.4
23.1
83.7

27.6
13.2
65.4
37.4
12.5
76.5

5,966
3,886
4,910
1,952
845
1,556

59.5
76.0
24.5
51.2
79.4
15.4

40.5
24.0
75.5
48.8
20.6
84.6

27.8
13.0
65.4
36.8
9.7
77.4

79,706
34,393
19,833
23,405
12,500
11,792

21.9
31.1
33.4
8.5
4.8
6.0

78.1
68.9
66.6
91.5
95.2
94.0

67.1
51.1
45.3
86.9
91.5
90.5

81,190
34,825
20,062
24,127
12,901
11,632

21.6
30.3
32.4
8.1
4.2
6.6

78.4
69.7
67.6
91.9
95.8
93.4

67.4
52.1
46.7
87.4
92.1
89.9

4,113
2,661
3,425
1,451
634
1,127

56.6
72.8
24.8
50.1
75.4
15.5

43.4
27.2
75.2
49.9
24.6
84.5

29.3
13.7
65.9
38.4
13.1
77.7

4,241
2,739
3,614
1,541
666
1,209

57.2
75.2
25.3
50.6
78.3
14.1

42.8
24.8
74.7
49.4
21.7
85.9

29.1
12.6
64.4
36.4
9.5
78.2

8,582
2,528
1,655
1,951
1,243
981

29.7
26.1
25.4
13.4
10.5
10.7

70.3
73.9
74.6
86.6
89.5
89.3

61.5
62.3
62.1
81.1
85.1
83.3

9,078
2,604
1,663
2,086
1,293
1,045

27.9
24.1
23.4
12.2
9.2
9.6

72.1
75.9
76.6
87.8
90.8
90.4

64.0
64.8
65.5
82.6
85.7
86.6

1,490
1,032
1,124
278
123
230

68.8
80.7
24.6
60.0
86.0
22.4

31.2
19.3
75.4
40.0
14.0
77.6

22.4
11.6
63.6
33.3
9.5
68.8

1,571
1,062
1,174
330
151
268

66.0
78.7
22.6
56.3
85.1
22.7

34.0
21.3
77.4
43.7
14.9
77.3

24.5
13.4
68.1
37.1
9.0
71.9

5,976
2,354
1,669
1,449
947
935

24.7
35.7
39.1
8.3
7.4
5.2

75.3
64.3
60.9
91.7
92.6
94.8

66.1
51.5
47.2
85.5
86.3
89.2

6,415
2,500
1,804
1,556
1,051
997

25.6
37.1
39.1
8.0
6.3
7.0

74.4
62.9
60.9
92.0
93.7
93.0

65.3
50.3
47.2
86.3
88.0
86.8

470
314
422
184
63
162

59.1
73.2
22.0
43.0
78.4
9.8

40.9
26.8
78.0
57.0
21.6
90.2

30.7
19.0
69.0
51.9
18.9
84.8

488
330
412
235
88
227

64.7
79.6
22.4
41.7
78.9
5.7

35.3
20.4
77.6
58.3
21.1
94.3

26.3
13.6
67.8
49.6
15.8
87.1

White
1

Total employed in families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men
Black
Total employed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ....
Hispanic origin
Total employed in families1
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in married-couple families
Women who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by women
Men who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by men ....

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families where the
husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and
persons in unrelated subfamilies. Estimates for husbands, wives, and women who
maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates shown in other
tables in this publication because of differences in definitions and weighting patterns




used in aggregating the data.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.

67

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-71. Median weekly earnings of families by type of family, number of earners, race, and Hispanic origin

Type of family, number of earners,
race, and Hispanic origin

Number of families
(in thousands)

Median weekly earnings

1986

1987

42,047
33,547
12,964
9,997
2,255

43,008
34,077
12,720

III
1986

1987

$551
607
396
457
226
209
748
762
723
520
537
306
238
248
204
499
498
388
667

$578
644
403
470
246
216
790
800
771
580
550
316
250
260
212
527
495
367
691

575
618
409
471
230
762
775
318
522

598
653
412
478
243
796
804
326
508

385
490
253
302
204
623
634
268
388

409
540
295
333
249
702
744
293
385

431
486
284
301
228
620
630
277
353

417
468
285
303
235
616
625
275
443

TOTAL
1

Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Other family member
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Husband and other family member(s).
Wife and other family member(s)
Other family members only
Families maintained by women
One earner
Householder
Other family member
Two or more earners
Families maintained by men
One earner
Two or more earners

712
20,583

17,638
2,250
522
174
6,632
4,474
3,405
1,069
2,158

1,869
1,125
743

9,665
2,217
837
21,358
18,428

2,239
572
119
6,987
4,626
3,518

1,108
2,361
1,943
1,090
853

White
1

35,941
29,834

Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women
Families maintained by men

11,570

9,076
1,887
18,264
15,637
4,660
1,447

36,674
30,336
11,421
8,777

1,909
18,915
16,383

4,892
1,446

Black
1

Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women .
Families maintained by men

4,888
2,736
1,005

5,083
2,738
933

610
299

607

1,732
1,472

248
1,805
1,522

1,795
357

1,925

2,970
2,253
909
740

3,228
2,422
1,041
835

130
1,344

1,382

1,046
532
185

1,096
573
232

421

Hispanic origin
1

Total families with earners
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by women .
Families maintained by men
1
Data exclude families in which there is no wage or salary earner or
in which the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is
either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.

68




148

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-72. Families with unemployed members and wage and salary workers by type of family and median weekly
earnings
Type of family and relationship of
unemployed members to wage and
salary earners

Number of families
(in thousands)

Median weekly earnings
III
1987

III
1986

1987

3,007

2,760

$410

$407

833
666
112
54

874
684

243
225
460

264
247
550

Wife unemployed
Husband only earner
Husband and other eamer(s)....
Other earner(s) only

1,099

941
766

390
360
662

434
398
679

Other member(s) unemployed
Husband or wife earner
Both husband and wife earners
Other combinations of earners .

1,075
446
588
41

409
471
65

626
489
775

627
469
797

Families maintained by women 1 ...
Householder unemployed
Other member(s) unemployed

691
123
569

595
112
482

271
167
299

265
206
279

Families maintained by men 1

185

180

424

388

Married-couple families 1
Husband unemployed
Wife only earner
Wife and other earner(s)
Other earner(s) only

1
Data exclude families in which there is no wage or salary earner or
in which the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is




902
163
33

107

1986

83

158
17
945

0

0

0

either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 100,000.

69

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-73.

Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Characteristic

Median weekly earnings

III
1986

III
1987

80,928

82,909

$354

$371

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over

47,454
7,791
39,664

48,541
7,706
40,835

414
237
461

428
251
477

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over

33,473
6,149
27,325

34,368
6,080
28,288

287
212
309

301
220
321

30,607
16,888
4,508
1,473

31,154
17,652
4,757
1,529

473
300
280
440

486
317
294
406

7,297
4,946
8,076
7,133

7,493
4,991
8,360
6,973

241
216
395
317

259
223
401
322

White
Men
Women

69,633
41,481
28,153

71,033
42,274
28,759

365
425
292

381
443
305

Black
Men
Women

8,857
4,608
4,250

9,386
4,884
4,501

288
320
259

300
328
274

Hispanic origin
Men
Women

5,837
3,718
2,119

6,236
3,945
2,291

273
296
236

273
299
235

1986

1987

SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over

FAMILY RELATIONSHIP
Husbands
Wives
Women who maintain families
Men who maintain families
Other persons in families:
Men
Women
All other men 1
All other women 1
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN

1
The majority of these persons are living alone or with
nonrelatives. Also included are persons in families where the
husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the
Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.

70




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will
not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-74. Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics

Characteristic

Number of workers
(in thousands)

Median weekly earnings

1987

1986

1987

17,182

17,731

$101

$105

5,382
3,111
2,270

5,504
3,109
2,395

84
126

100
88
122

11,800
3,819
7,981

12,227
3,951
8,276

103
81
117

108
87
123

Husbands
Wives
Women who maintain families
Men who maintain families

1,409
6,232
848
84

1,460
6,444
867
150

125
118
113

O

130
126
116
119

Other persons in families:
Men
Women
All other men 2
All other women *

3,039
3,287
848
1,435

3,109
3,370
782
1,548

83
79
123
106

87
81
114
109

White
Men
Women

15,098
4,603
10,495

15,541
4,697
10,844

103
99
104

107
100
110

Black
Men
Women

1,642
619
1,023

1,723
641
1,082

92
87
95

94
96
93

988
385
602

1,136
475
661

107
108
106

109
109
108

1986

SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
FAMILY RELATIONSHIP

RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN

Hispanic origin
Men
Women
1

Data not shown where base is less than 100,000.
The majority of these persons are living alone or with
nonrelatives. Also included are persons in families where the
husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the
Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
1




NOTE: Detail for the ab.ove race and Hispanic-origin groups will
not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.

71

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-75. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex
Number of workers
(in thousands)

Median weekly earnings

Occupation and sex

1986

1987

20,103
9,646
10,456
24,516
2,901
7,691
13,924

20,901
10,359
10,542
25,259
2,919
7,968

8,500

8,686
303
1,760
6,623
11,369
3,871
3,800
3,699

ill
1986

1987

$502
504
501
320
416
355
297
219
105
378
207
402
402
397
409
303
291
381
263
211

$519
526
515
331
422
372
308
232
131
425
215
415
419
416
411
308
292
392
274
217

613
622
608
445
486
466
401
273

634
648
621
451
495
477
408
294

TOTAL
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

361
1,675
6,464
11,032
3,766
3,601
3,664
15,220
7,650
3,864
3,706
1,558

14,372

15,183

7,690
3,869
3,625
1,510

Men
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

1,483
2,577

11,503
6,185
5,319
9,542
1,617
4,735
3,190
4,307
17
1,553
2,737

10,152
3,646
3,534
2,972
11,520
4,652
3,698
3,170
1,385

10,503
3,732
3,756
3,015
11,333
4,567
3,718
3,048
1,352

8,867
3,762
5,105
15,431
1,238
3,247

9,397
4,174
5,223
15,717
1,302
3,233
11,182
4,379
286
207
3,886
867
139
44
684
3,850
3,123
151
577
158

11,236
5,884
5,352
9,086
1,663
4,444
2,979
4,076
16

0

0

393
230
412
401
397
453
335
351
385
268
216

445
248
423
418
417
442
348
353
395
288
222

414
392
428
280
342
236
282
192
104
262
196
268
445

446
417
466
291
367
237
294
199
131
323
201
303
441
(1)
284
227
226
324
220
187

Women
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Data not shown where base is less than 100,000.

72




10,945
4,423
345
192
3,886
880
120
67
693
3,700
2,997
167
536
172

O

251
222
219
284
234
170

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-76. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in metropolitan, nonmetropolitan, urban, and rural areas
by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
3rd Quarter 1987
Nonmetropolitan areas

Metropolitan areas

Employment status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Total

Central
cities

Suburbs

Total

Urban

Rural
areas

Nonfarm

Farm

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

142,801
95,924
67.2
90,434
5,490
5.7
46,878

57,202
37,146
64.9
34,463
2,683
7.2
20,056

85,599
58,778
68.7
55,971
2,806
4.8
26,821

40,214
25,277
62.9
23,634
1,643
6.5
14,937

2,803
2,002
71.4
1,956
46
2.3
802

37,411
23,276
62.2
21,678
1,597
6.9
14,135

134,749
89,646
66.5
84,253
5,393
6.0
45,103

48,267
31,556
65.4
29,816
1,740
5.5
16,712

62,095
49,292
79.4
46,963
2,329
4.7
12,803

24,353
18,728
76.9
17,565
1,164
6.2
5,624

37,743
30,564
81.0
29,399
1,165
3.8
7,179

17,571
13,139
74.8
12,486
653
5.0
4,432

1,325
1,128
85.1
1,112
16
1.4
197

16,246
12,010
73.9
11,373
637
5.3
4,235

57,997
45,611
78.6
43,339
2,273
5.0
12,385

21,669
16,819
77.6
16,110
709
4.2
4,850

69,333
39,646
57.2
37,484
2,163
5.5
29,686

28,477
15,933
55.9
14,878
1,054
6.6
12,544

40,856
23,714
58.0
22,605
1,109
4.7
17,142

19,379
10,172
52.5
9,526
646
6.3
9,207

1,245
714
57.3
696
18
2.6
531

18,134
9,458
52.2
8,831
627
6.6
8,676

66,250
37,618
56.8
35,481
2,137
5.7
28,632

22,462
12,201
54.3
11,529
672
5.5
10,262

11,373
6,985
61.4
5,987
998
14.3
4,388

4,373
2,485
56.8
2,020
465
18.7
1,888

7,000
4,500
64.3
3,967
533
11.8
2,500

3,264
1,967
60.2
1,622
345
17.5
1,298

233
159
68.5
148
11
7.1
73

3,032
1,807
59.6
1,474
333
18.4
1,224

10,502
6,416
61.1
5,434
983
15.3
4,086

4,136
2,536
61.3
2,176
360
14.2
1,600

121,079
81,532
67.3
77,657
3,876
4.8
39,547

42,874
28,070
65.5
26,543
1,527
5.4
14,803

78,206
53,462
68.4
51,113
2,348
4.4
24,744

36,065
22,772
63.1
21,461
1,311
5.8
13,294

2,717
1,940
71.4
1,898
41
2.1
778

33,348
20,832
62.5
19,563
1,270
6.1
12,516

112,429
74,986
66.7
71,284
3,702
4.9
37,442

44,716
29,318
65.6
27,833
1,484
5.1
15,398

16,982
11,216
66.0
9,791
1,425
12.7
5,766

11,936
7,543
63.2
6,487
1,056
14.0
4,393

5,045
3,673
72.8
3,304
369
10.0
1,372

3,416
2,077
60.8
1,797
279
13.5
1,340

73
53
72.5
49
4
1
()
20

3,344
2,024
60.5
1,749
275
13.6
1,320

17,578
11,513
65.5
10,013
1,499
13.0
6,066

2,820
1,780
63.1
1,575
205
11.5
1,040

11,950
7,980
66.8
7,373
608
7.6
3,969

6,944
4,487
64.6
4,097
390
8.7
2,457

5,006
3,493
69.8
3,276
217
6.2
1,512

976
642
65.8
567
75
11.7
334

51
33

925
609
65.9
536
73
12.0
316

11,921
7,935
66.6
7,310
625
7.9
3,987

1,004
687
68.4
630
58
8.4
317

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
1

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Data for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are




31
2
18

included in both the white and black population groups. These data are based on
1980 census designations and are not comparable to data published through the first
quarter of 1984.

73

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-77. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race and Hispanic
origin
(Numbers in thousands)
3rd Quarter 1987
Employment status, race, and
Hispanic origin

Total United States
Poverty
areas

Nonpoverty
areas

Metropolitan areas
Poverty
areas

Nonpoverty
areas

Nonmetropolitan areas
Poverty
areas

Nonpoverty
areas

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Men
Women
Not in labor force

27,321
15,689
57.4
13,937
1,752
11.2
9.3
10.6
26.4
27.8
24.8
11,632

155,695
105,512
67.8
100,131
5,381
5.1
4.1
4.9
13.2
13.5
12.9
50,183

18,274
10,373
56.8
9,119
1,254
12.1
10.5
11.5
25.5
27.4
23.6
7,901

124,528
85,551
68.7
81,316
4,235
5.0
4.0
4.7
12.8
13.3
12.2
38,977

9,047
5,316
58.8
4,819
498
9.4
7.0
8.7
28.1
28.5
27.5
3,731

31,167
19,961
64.0
18,816
1,145
5.7
4.4
5.7
14.7
14.0
15.4
11,206

16,379
9,549
58.3
8,779
770
8.1
6.8
7.5
20.2
21.8
18.1
6,830

140,766
94,755
67.3
90,339
4,416
4.7
3.8
4.4
11.8
11.9
11.8
46,011

9,761
5,630
57.7
5,133
497
8.8
7.4
8.3
21.3
23.3
18.9
4,131

111,318
75,903
68.2
72,523
3,379
4.5
3.7
4.2
11.2

6,618
3,919
59.2
3,646
274
7.0
5.9
6.4
18.4
19.6
16.9
2,698

29,448
18,853
64.0
17,815
1,037
5.5
4.3
5.4
14.2
13.4
15.0
10,595

9,844
5,546
56.3
4,631
915
16.5
14.2
15.2
35.9
38.3
33.7
4,298

10,554
7,747
73.4
6,957
790
10.2
7.8
9.8
26.5
27.1
25.8
2,808

7,726
4,329
56.0
3,607
723
16.7
15.5
15.4
31.4
34.0
29.2
3,397

9,255
6,887
74.4
6,184
703
10.2
8.0
9.6
27.2
27.8
26.4
2,368

2,117
1,217
57.5
1,025
192
15.8
10.0
14.5
48.7
48.7

1,299
860
66.2
773
87
10.1
5.9
11.8
22.1

901

439

4,452
2,597
58.3
2,319
279
10.7
8.1
10.6
27.6
26.7
28.8
1,855

8,474
6,025
71.1
5,621
404
6.7
5.4
6.4
19.1
19.8
18.2
2,449

4,077
2,373
58.2
2,123
251
10.6
8.2
10.0
27.1
26.5
28.1
1,703

7,873
5,607
71.2
5,250
357
6.4
5.0
6.0
20.0
20.2
19.6
2,266

375
224
59.7
196
28
12.6
6.7
17.9
32.3

601
418
69.6
371
47
11.2
11.0
11.7

White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Men
Women
Not in labor force

11.5
10.9
35,416

Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Men
Women
Not in labor force

O

O
O

Hispanic origin
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Men
Women
Not in labor force

Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.
NOTE: Data for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black

74




O
O
151

O
O
O
183

population groups. These data are based on 1980 census designations
and are not comparable to data published through the first quarter of
1984.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1935 to date

(In thousands)
Service-producing

Goods-producing
Year
and
month

Total

Total
private

Total

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Total

Transportation
and
public
utilities

Wholesale
trade

Retail
trade

Finance,
insurance,
and
Services
real
estate

Government

Federal

State

Local

()
0

0)1
()
0)

Annual averages
1,320
1,373
1,417
1,410
1,447

3,128
3,312
3,503
3,458
3,502

5,251
5,212
5,160
5,214
5,365
6,084
6,485
6,667
6,662

1,485
1,525
1,509
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828

3,665
3,905
4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,240

996
1,340
2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2.254
1,892
1.863
1,908

2,635
2,727
2,812
2,854
2,867
2,926
3,018
3,028
2,980
3,082

6,751
7,015
7,192
7,393
7,368
7,610
7,840
7,858
7,770
8,045

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,357
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

1,328
1,415
1,484

4,071
4,232
4,366

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

3,143
3,133
3,198
3,248
3,337
3,466
3,597
3,689
3,779
3,907

8,248
8,204
8,368
8,530
8,823
9,250
9,648
9,917
10,320
10,798

2,629
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378
7,620
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2.719
2,737
2.758

1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533

4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5.700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904

47,302
48,278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

3,993
4,001
4,113
4,277
4,433
4,415
4,546
4,708
4,969
5,204

11.047
11,351
11,836
12,329
12,554
12,645
13,209
13,808
14,573
14,989

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975

11,5.48
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,303
16,252
17,112

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,753
2,773

2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541

7,158
7,437
7.790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633

64,748
65,659
65,753

5.146
5,165
5,082
4,954
5,159
5,238
5,244

5,275
5,358
5,278
5,268
5,555
5,717
5,735

15,035
15,189
15,179
15,613
16,545
17,356
17,845

5,160
5,298
5,341
5,468
5,689
5,955
6,297

17,890
18,619
19,036
19,694
20,797
22,000
23,099

2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899

3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,832
3,888

9.765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,687
9,923

1935
1936
1937
1938
1939

...
...
...
...
...

27,039
29,068
31,011
29,194
30,603

23,558
25,400
27,255
25,311
26,608

10,893
11,933
12,936
11,401
12,297

897
946
1,015
891
854

927
1,160
1,127
1,070
1,165

9,069
9,827
10,794
9,440
10,278

16,146
17,135
18,075
17,793
18,306

2,786
2,973
3,134
2,863
2,936

1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949

...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...

32,361
36,539
40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

28,159
31,877
34,624
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

13,221
15,963
18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

925
957
992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930

1,311
1,814
2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194

10,985
13,192
15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

19,140
20,574
21,636
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,169

3,038
3,274
3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

1,960
1,906
1,822
1,845
1,949
2,291
2,471
2,605
2,602

1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958

....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186

18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20.513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411

901
929

1959 2 ...

45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268

791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675

26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....

54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384

45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189

20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....

70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

....
....
....
....
....
....
....

90,406
91,156

74,166
75,126
73,729
74,330
78,472
81,125
82,900

25,658
25,497
23,813
23,334
24,727
24,859
24,681

1,027
1,139
1,128

4,346
4,188
3,905
3,948
4,383
4,673
4,904

20,285
20,170
18,781
18,434
19,378
19,260
18,994

90,200
94,496
97,519
99,610

952
966
927
783

72,660
74,930

()

V)
V)

0)
O

V)

905

2,727

()

0

()

o1

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted

1986:
September
October
November
December
1987:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August?
September
1

100,039
100,209
100,415
100,567

83,241
83.337
83.515
83,643

24,620
24,611
24,630
24,630

739
735
730
724

4,948
4,942
4,946
4,936

18,933
18,934
18,954
18,970

75,419
75,598
75,785
75,937

5,255
5,251
5,278
5.286

5,736
5,731
5,728
5,725

17,939
17,980
18,009
18.007

6,374
6,395
6,418
6,451

23,317
23,369
23,452
23,544

2,902
2,897
2,900
2,904

3,890
3,907
3,915
3,927

10,006
10,068
10,085
10,093

100,919
101,150
101,329
101,598
101,708
101,818
102,126
102,278
102,410

83.983
84,215
84.352
84.560
84,677
84,787
85,106
85,226
85,364

24,708
24.743
24,749
24,759
24,752
24,761
24.850
24,885
24,912

718
719
722
729
735
738
744
752
756

5.034
5.038
5.032
5.019
4.999
5,008
5,002
5,007
4,974

18,956
18,986
18,995
19,011
19,018
19,015
19,104
19,126
19,182

76.211
76,407
76,580
76.839
76,956
77,057
77,276
77.393
77,498

5,304
5,315
5,333
5,348
5,344
5,350
5,363
5,377
5,385

5,741
5,757
5.766
5,772
5,775
5,781
5,797
5,805
5,806

18,080
18,140
18,136
18,197
18,205
18,226
18,274
18.254
18,324

6,480
6,501
6,526
6,558
6,576
6,586
6,608
6,628
6,626

23,670
23,759
23,842
23,926
24,025
24,083
24,214
24,277
24,311

2,912
2,916
2,922
2,933
2,935
2,935
2,936
2,940
2,960

3,929
3,927
3,930
3,943
3,947
3,932
3,952
3,970
3,975

10,095
10,092
10,125
10,162
10,149
10,164
10,132
10,142
10,111

Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 1959
benchmark month.
P = preliminary.
2




NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1966
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1986) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1983) are subject to revision.

75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

MlnlnQ

753

740

749

756

Aug.
1987P

38.8
6.9
10.8

38.9

6.7

44.1
9.

10.9

521

536

543

12.7

44.2
9.5
12.7

28.6
5.1
8.3

28.8
4.9
8.5

32.8
6.9
10.1

33.2
7.3
10.1

141.7
139.7

141.6
139.5

130.6
128.8

132.9
131.2

269.3
106.6
162.7

263.7
103.0
160.7

282.2
101.0
181

286.7
100.5
186.2

88.1
33.6

87.0
33.0

90.2
34.2

90.1
34.1

4.22J

4,184

4,175

4,238

1,380.9 1,354.5 1,337.1 1,346.4 1,309.5 1,037.1 1,013.4
709.0 690.2 701.6 701.5
520.9
502.8
59.2
57.1
56.!
56.0
32.3
30.8
612.7 607.2 579.0 588.9
483.9
479.8

987.2
504.6

996.4

10
101
102

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

11,12
12

173.7
171.2

172.9
170.4

160.6
158.4

162.8
160.8

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

13
131,2
138

426.7
218.7
208.0

415.7
211.0
204.7

428.0
205.4
222.6

432.9
204.5
228.4

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals

14
142
144
147

113.9
41.3
35.5
17.7

112.2
40.6
35.2
17.1

116.4
42.5
35.8
18.;

116.0
42.5
35.5
18.2

5,301

5,258

5,307

5,367

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

15
152
153
154

Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

16
161
162

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

Manufacturing
Durable goods




July
1987

528

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

76

Sept.
1986

Sept.
1987P

83,967 84,025 85,752 86,103 86,154 68,018 68,080 69,397 69,706 69,733

Total private.

See footnotes at end of table.

Aug.
1986

99,641 100,549 101,947 102,154 102,925

Total

Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

Sept.
1987P

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

849.5
325.9
523.6

853.6
328.0
525.6

843.8
341.1
502.7

757

431.9

5,287

855.8
346.7
509.1

718.3
279.6
438.7

3,070.3 3,049.9 3,125.7 3,165.0
677.5
652.0
649.3
682.5
184.6
183.9
175.8
183.0
555.
546.4
545.5
565.6
516.5
508.9
510.8
520.3
184.5
191.3
187.5
184.0
227.!
226.9
227.7
231.3

723.1
281.5
441.6

28.9
453.7

504.8
28.4
463.2

715.0
291.4
423.6

726.2
296.3
429.9

545

4,163

2,466.7 2,447.6 2,473.2 2,515.1
486.7
484.7
503.8
508.4
156.6
148.6
156.0
155.2
428.4
428.3
429.8
441.3
439.8
441.0
440.1
444.3
150.1
147.2
141.8
142.4
186.
187.1
182.9
186.6

19,042

19,113

19,022

19,221 19,357 12,925 13,017 12,913 13,107 13,263

11,198

11,251

11,141

11,235 11,347

737.0
89.9

736.8
91.9
198.6
162.3
33.4
254.5
97.1
67.8
23.8
38.3
41.2
72.5
49.6
78.1

758.9
86.9

198.6
162.9
32.8
255.9
98.5
68.2
23.7
37.3
41.6
73.0
49.8
78.0

205.1
167.
34.5
270.3
106.8

71.
24.6
39.4
41.:
75.i
50.8
80.1

762.5
87.1
205.6

167.4
35.3
271.0
106.9
72.1
25.2
39.2
41.3
76.2

51.4
81.3

760.6

7,373

7,442

7,354

7,452

7,571

622.;
76.8
176.1
144.8
28.8
213.2
80.4
55.4
20.7
34.4
35.4
55.8
40.1
64.9

621.2
78.5

637.1
73.3
181.1
148.1
30.4
224.4
87.6
57.7
21.5
35.9
35.3
57.3
41.2
65.

639.6
73.6

636.2

176.0
144.0
29.4
211.9
79.2
54.9
21.0
35.2
34.9
55.0
39.8
64.9

181.6
147.9
31.1
224.7
87.3
58.0
22.1
35.6
35.3
58.0
41.6
66.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

1972
SIC

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987"

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

497.2
291.5
130.3
94.1
23.1
30.0
67.3
27.2
73.4
37.8

500.3
294.1
131.7
94.1
24.6
30.1
66.8
27.5
73.8
38.1

504.3
298.0
132.5
97.2
24.5
30.5
66.5
28.9
74.5
36.4

516.2
303.8
135.2
99.4
23.8
31.5
69.2
29.4
76.2
37.6

522.3
_

396.5
244.5
113.6
78.1
18.3
22.9
51.7
20.5
53.7
26.1

400.5
247.7
115.0
78.3
19.9
23.1
51.3
21.0
54.0
26.5

402.5
251.3
115.8
81.2
19.9
23.1
50.1
22.0
53.6
25.5

413.1
256.7
118.4
83.3
19.2
24.1
52.2
22.4
55.4
26.4

418.2

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

598.4
15.4
90.4
46.7
43.7
50.6
23.0
37.7
35.7
219.4
20.1
72.0
107.4
113.5
20.6
9.2
27.7

598.8
15.2
91.0
46.3
44.7
50.9
22.6
37.5
37.0
218.8
20.1
72.0
107.0
113.1
20.9
9.1
27.7

592.6
15.3
86.8
44.7
42.1
51.4
22.3
38.5
35.6
219.8
21.0
70.4
108.7
110.1
20.4
9.4
24.4

597.1
14.7
87.5
44.6
42.9
52.3
22.2
39.0
37.0
220.4
20.8
70.8
109.3
110.7
20.4
9.3
24.6

597.8
_

462.4
12.0
77.1
42.1
35.0
35.5
18.0
29.3
28.3
172.0
13.5
55.4
87.7
80.3
13.6
7.0

463.0
11.9
77.8
41.6
36.2
36.0
17.7
29.3
29.3
171.2
13.6
55.5
86.8
79.9
13.8
7.0

458.8
12.0
74.2
40.1
34.1
36.2
17.4
30.1
28.3
171.5
14.2
53.8
88.4
79.3
13.7
7.2

464.5
11.4
75.1
40.2
34.9
37.0
17.3
30.9
30.3
172.0
14.0
54.2
88.8
80.2
13.8
7.2
-

466.3

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

734.6
265.4
199.0
23.3
128.4
81.0
8.9
25.5
36.0
18.1
179.3
23.0
27.5
76.2
85.0
52.2

731.6
258.6
192.6
22.9
129.4
81.6
8.5
26.2
37.1
19.2
180.2
23.2
27.9
77.0
85.4
52.6

742.9
277.9
211.8
23.3
129.0
79.3
8.6
27.1
40.9
22.7
172.8
22.4
27.5
72.1
81.3
49.5

753.1
279.5
212.5
23.6
129.8
80.2
8.8
26.7
41.0
22.9
176.1
23.0
27.8
74.1
85.4
52.1

768.2
283.1
_

548.5
201.9
153.0
16.8
100.5
65.6
6.5
18.5
23.6
11.4
124.7
17.9
19.1
52.4
67.9
42.4

546.4
195.1
146.4
16.5
102.2
66.6
6.1
19.3
24.3
12.1
126.2
18.1
19.6
53.2
68.5
42.9

556.8
209.8
161.5
16.8
100.9
63.9
6.0
20.3
29.0
16.1
122.6
17.3
20.3
49.9
64.4
39.7

568.2
211.8
162.6
17.3
102.1
65.0
6.4
19.9
29.2
16.4
126.4
17.9
20.7
52.3
68.4
42.5

583.1
215.3
_

34
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
341
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades ... 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3442
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3443
Sheet metal work
3444
Architectural metal work
3446

1,422.0 1,435.8 1,408.4 1,423.6 1,440.3 1,048.5 1,062.6 1,040.6 1,055.6 1,073.5
58.6
58.6
56.9
57.2
50.4
48.7
50.2
48.8
47.5
47.4
45.8
46.1
41.7
39.8
41.5
40.0
134.0
135.4
129.9
131.7
97.9
99.4
94.9
96.8
45.1
45.7
47.4
48.0
34.7
32.9
33.3
35.4
76.6
77.3
72.0
72.8
56.8
57.8
53.3
54.1
60.2
61.1
61.0
62.1
43.2
44.1
43.4
44.2
23.7
23.7
24.6
17.8
24.5
17.2
17.3
17.7
27.4
26.5
25.9
18.4
27.3
19.2
17.6
18.9
442.9 443.9 438.5 441.2
312.9 314.6 311.8 314.6
79.2
78.7
77.2
77.4
56.2
55.8
55.1
55.5
94.9
99.4
95.2
98.3
71.4
71.1
73.7
74.3
93.4
94.2
88.8
89.7
57.7
55.5
56.4
58.9
111.1
111.8
111.0
111.4
83.0
83.7
83.5
84.3
29.5
29.6
29.5
21.4
29.6
21.6
21.6
21.6

See footnotes at end of table.




77

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment ....
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves ..
Machinery, except electrical, nee

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599

2,038.3 2,029.4 2,024.7 2,031.1 2,051.5 1,206.0 1,200.2 1,199.4 1,208.8 1,230.4
61.8
60.9
61.2
61.2
100.0
100.6
97.0
96.2
17.4
14.9
14.8
17.5
32.5
28.5
32.8
28.2
44.4
46.0
46.4
43.7
68.1
67.2
68.5
68.0
54.4
66.9
66.1
55.9
85.0
99.7
85.9
100.9
37.0
48.6
48.4
40.6
64.7
61.8
75.5
75.9
222.9
217.5
218.8
131.7
129.8
131.2
135.4
220.8
48.0
47.4
46.8
49.9
79.4
76.9
80.3
81.0
11.9
11.8
12.0
12.2
19.3
19.5
19.7
19.5
25.0
24.3
24.9
25.5
43.1
41.4
43.8
42.1
15.7
15.4
15.6
15.7
29.9
29.9
29.8
30.0
17.9
17.8
18.5
18.4
25.7
25.8
26.0
25.6
303.8
294.3 294.9
301.6
210.6
214.0 216.2 209.7
28.1
28.1
30.6
30.9
49.0
49.3
45.0
44.8
11.6
11.5
11.9
11.7
19.4
18.7
19.3
18.5
141.0
107.7
107.1
109.9
142.3
140.5
108.6
141.2
53.5
37.7
37.3
37.5
54.2
52.9
37.0
53.4
15.6
15.5
15.6
21.4
15.2
21.0
21.0
21.1
94.9
93.4
92.3
91.9
156.4
156.7
157.8
159.3
23.0
22.8
22.2
22.0
37.0
37.7
37.9
36.7
13.8
12.9
12.3
12.2
20.4
18.4
18.5
19.5
15.5
15.7
15.5
15.7
27.1
27.0
26.7
26.6
161.0
161.0
161.0
159.8
252.5 252.6
251.9 253.5
25.1
25.4
25.2
25.0
43.7
44.2
44.2
43.2
33.1
33.1
32.4
32.0
43.1
43.2
42.8
42.8
12.2
12.0
12.4
12.8
22.1
21.4
21.8
22.4
19.9
19.9
19.8
19.3
31.0
30.8
30.8
30.4
13.4
13.6
13.4
13.5
19.9
20.1
19.9
19.8
10.7
10.6
11.0
10.7
16.4
16.2
16.4
16.2
150.8
148.8
156.5
161.8
475.3 468.6 457.6
457.6
127.4
124.9
132.8
138.3
419.1
412.3 401.7
402.2
126.1
124.0
119.5
118.7
169.9
170.4
174.4
176.3
93.3
91.5
87.4
86.8
121.5
121.8
125.6
127.3
207.3 207.3 205.4 205.9
273.3
272.6 272.5
274.4
27.4
28.0
29.0
29.3
35.5
34.0
34.6
35.9
177.9
178.0
178.3
178.0
238.5 237.8
238.6
237.9

Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus .
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634

2,123.4 2,126.8 2,079.2 2,092.5 2,106.3 1,224.5 1,233.0 1,204.9 1,221.5 1,234.9
76.6
76.1
106.9
107.0
77.4
105.0
77.6
105.4
37.1
36.6
51.0
51.2
37.8
50.0
37.9
50.3
39.5
39.5
55.8
55.9
39.6
55.0
55.1
39.7
124.8
125.4
185.6
186.1
128.7
183.0
182.4
128.7
66.5
68.0
89.7
90.1
69.5
89.3
69.0
87.8
33.6
32.9
60.6
61.0
35.6
57.7
35.8
58.1
107.7
108.6
137.6
136.2
107.3
135.6
106.0
136.6
23.4
23.2
26.4
27.1
21.3
28.5
20.7
28.4
18.1
18.2
23.4
23.0
17.7
22.9
18.2
23.0
26.7
27.4
37.7
38.3
29.1
35.2
28.3
35.7

See footnotes at end of table.

78



92.1
43.5
48.6
236.7
31.0
99.4
95.2
109.5
71.7
37.8
75.4
44.7
212.6
78.1
51.4

93.5
44.3
49.2
241.5
31.5
102.8
96.3
110.4
72.1
38.3
78.2
45.3
213.2
77.6
51.9

92.8
44.5
48.3
226.8
29.6
92.5
94.2
113.3
72.7
40.6
79.3
44.9
209.9
76.0
50.8

93.7
44.6
49.1
230.0
29.3
93.9
96.2
115.3
74.7
40.6
80.0
45.2
212.4
77.3
51.4

70.0
35.3
34.7
188.2
23.6
84.0
72.5
87.6
57.8
29.8
46.1
27.6
152.2
51.1
38.8

71.1
35.9
35.2
193.4
24.1
87.6
73.7
88.5
58.2
30.3
48.1
28.2
153.2
51.1
39.2

70.5
36.3
34.2
179.4
22.5
78.5
70.9
90.2
58.3
31.9
49.8
26.3
151.9
50.9
38.2

71.8
36.6
35.2
181.8
22.2
79.1
72.9
92.4
60.3
32.1
51.3
27.3
153.9
51.9
38.9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Electrical and electronic equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1972
SIC

364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674

3679
369
3691
3694
37
371
3711

3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761

379
3792

Aug.
1986

193.8
27.3
75.8
16.9
27.7

81.9
64.7
635.4
127.8
507.6

631.5
39.9
270.3
250.3
151.6
28.6
64.4

Sept.
1986

195.5
27.3
76.4
17.1
28.5
83.4
65.3
632.5
127.3
505.2
631.3

39.7
268.6
252.1

153.9
29.7
65.8

July
1987

187.8
26.7
72.2
16.1
25.9

612.4

611.5
113.4

114.4
498.0
632.1
37.3
267.1

256.3
147.8
29.4

62.8

Sept.
1987P

81.4
63.1
498.1
637.7
38.0

Aug.
1986

Aug.
1987P

140.9
23.3
49.1

135.4
23.2
47.9

136.6
22.7

11.9
21.1
55.6
43.5
265.1
74.2

12.1
22.0
56.7
44.0
265.4
74.3

11.1
19.1
50.5
37.5
254.2
65.9
188.3
352.8
23.5
102.5
173.1
102.8

11.5
19.5
55.4
42.0
256.0
66.6

168.9

149.7
30.6
63.3

July
1987

139.1
23.3
48.5

190.9
348.5
24.1
102.5

268.5
259.0

Sept.
1986

103.9
22.2
48.2

191.1

349.9
24.1
102.0
170.5
106.7
23.3
49.5

Sept.
1987P

48.2

22.7

189.4
358.8
24.2
104.3
175.9
104.7
23.9

47.8

48.1

1,979.3 2,022.9 1,974.8 1,990.9 2,024.8 1,216.7 1,265.9 1,216.3 1,231.8 1,273.0
831.5 864.9 803.5 818.3 844.1 626.8 664.6 615.9 629.9 658.6
265.4 293.2 245.2 256.5
370.9 396.0 336.6 348.4
35.8
45.2
45.4
39.5
35.9
30.9
30.6
39.5
296.1 306.8 297.4 300.1
376.3 385.9 373.7 376.6
31.3
28.9
24.6
24.4
31.5
29.9
22.5
23.3

675.4
340.9
151.2
183.3
182.6
129.8
52.8
27.0
204.5
154.8
47.4
18.7

693.2
359.4
155.3
178.5

691.8
361.0
153.9
176.9
183.8
125.0
58.8

48.9
18.4

183.0
123.3
59.7
22.5
211.0
160.3
49.9
20.2

681.6
342.6
155.0
184.0
184.3
131.1
53.2
27.0
205.5

155.4

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

704.5
83.7

702.8
83.1

695.0
82.8

245.2
41.7
54.9

244.7
41.8
54.7

104.8
32.6
180.9
87.7
78.8
37.9
113.4
10.8

103.8
32.5
181.1
87.9
79.0
38.1
112.2
11.1

237.7
40.4
51.5
100.8
32.4
180.1
86.7
79.0
41.7
109.3
11.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles...
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39

363.5
53.9
37.9
12.3
95.1
45.7
49.4
32.6
41.8
23.1
127.8
55.3

365.5
54.9
38.6
12.3
95.1
45.5
49.6
32.4
42.4
23.3
128.4
55.7

361.2
50.7
34.5
12.1
98.5
45.9
52.6
32.9
40.2
22.4
126.8
54.9

393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

Aug.
1987P

187.3
27.2
72.6
15.7
25.6
76.0
58.0

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

391
3911

Production workers1

All employees

326.9
147.0
75.4
104.5
136.9

22.9

94.4
42.5
18.8

211.8

68.5

160.7
50.7
21.1

49.6
31.3

695.5
82.9
237.2
41.0
51.7

372.6
53.7
37.4
13.1
102.3
49.7
52.6
33.1
44.0
25.1

126.4
55.2

377.4

79.3
106.0
139.3
96.4
42.9

340.7
158.1
77.9

339.6
160.2
75.9

104.7
135.1
87.0

136.3

48.1

103.5
89.1
47.2

15.7

15.1
67.8
50.0
33.5

15.6

68.2
50.2
34.0
16.3

375.8
37.1

376.9
37.4

132.2
25.4
26.8
49.6
15.9

108.9
50.2
50.6
25.4
51.5
7.7

381.3
36.6
135.8
26.3
27.6
52.6
16.0
108.9
50.4
50.6
25.7
50.4
7.9

107.2
49.5
49.6
28.4
47.1
7.9

131.8
26.1
27.1
48.9
15.3
108.4
50.2
50.1
28.7
47.1
8.2

265.8
37.8
26.3
10.1
71.7
34.1
37.6
22.1
32.6
17.8
91.5
38.8

268.3
38.4
26.7
10.0
71.7
33.8
37.9
21.9
33.8
18.5
92.5
39.4

261.4
34.6
23.3
9.9
73.4
33.7
39.7
22.8
30.5
17.0
90.2
38.0

272.0
37.2
25.7
11.0
76.6
36.9
39.7
23.0
33.9
19.4
90.3
38.4

381.4
36.5

135.4
26.3
27.8
52.7
16.0

100.1
32.1
181.4
87.4
79.5
42.1
108.6
11.2

149.1

18.8
69.0
49.7
32.4
14.1

14.3

697.9

334.4

380.2

275.6

See footnotes at end of table.




79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

5,692
7,844 7,862 7,880 7,986 8,010
5,552 5,575 5,559 5,655
1,705.6 1,705.9 1,681.4 1,723.0 1,717.7 1,220.1 1,221.5 1,192.1 1,231.8 1,228.6
328.6 327.2
320.7
385.4
386.8
322.2
378.8
376.8
136.4
114.1
115.1
116.4
116.6
137.2
138.8
139.2
57.7
56.7
56.5
57.3
76.8
76.8
77.8
77.2
153.5
139.3
130.1
152.9
144.5
142.3
138.6
132.1
99.4
100.8
169.7
170.6
166.9
103.4
104.2
165.5
31.3
30.8
40.8
31.4
30.6
40.6
40.2
40.3
44.2
41.8
42.1
87.0
87.2
85.0
85.2
44.0
273.0 307.7
301.6
227.2 259.9
258.2 258.0
300.9
17.3
25.0
27.3
20.6
28.6
27.5
20.8
20.5
89.4
105.7
113.8
120.2
134.0
129.5
136.1
115.9
45.4
50.9
51.4
51.1
51.5
56.5
46.3
45.8
82.7
83.9
84.1
120.8
122.5
84.4
122.5
122.2
22.8
15.3
15.0
15.1
22.8
22.0
22.2
15.4
26.7
42.1
26.9
42.2
42.9
42.9
26.6
26.8
212.9
129.3
129.6
212.5
212.5
211.8
129.2
129.0
167.7
92.8
92.7
92.4
93.0
166.6
167.3
167.3
45.2
36.5
36.9
45.9
45.2
44.5
36.8
36.0
67.4
87.8
95.1
80.8
95.8
102.2
75.0
74.2
19.7
16.4
14.3
21.4
19.2
24.8
15.8
20.5
48.5
44.4
39.6
47.8
53.7
57.6
54.6
44.9
31.9
24.9
32.2
34.3
33.6
22.8
22.7
24.0
214.1 216.6 215.3
217.8
92.5
93.3
91.1
93.9
40.9
26.0
40.2
41.2
42.3
25.5
25.9
27.2
129.5
127.6
130.2
41.4
42.7
128.3
42.3
43.3
181.0
175.4
136.7
131.6
181.9
179.5
137.4
135.2

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

58.1
42.5

62.7
41.9

53.5
41.5

56.6
41.2

57.8

43.5
32.1

48.5
31.7

39.0
30.6

42.0
30.2

43.0

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

710.7
101.1
83.7
17.5
22.3
211.2
35.4
36.8
72.0
24.7
24.1
58.8
22.9
21.8
56.0
105.5
76.4
16.1
54.6

712.4
101.2
83.8
17.7
22.4
210.0
35.1
36.5
71.9
24.3
24.0
59.6
23.2
22.3
56.9
105.8
76.5
16.1
55.0

722.3
107.5
87.0
16.2
22.1
209.4
34.5
36.6
72.3
22.9
25.4
59.1
22.8
22.0
58.9
107.2
79.1
15.7
54.9

736.4
108.4
88.2
18.7
23.0
211.2
34.5
36.9
73.0
23.2
25.7
61.0
23.9
22.7
59.8
110.2
80.3
16.1
55.9

742.6
-

615.5
90.9
74.6
14.6
19.3
184.5
31.5
33.0
63.4
20.6
20.9
49.1
19.4
17.6
46.1
94.1
69.0
14.1
42.3

617.2
91.1
74.7
14.8
19.3
183.1
31.1
32.7
63.2
20.3
20.7
49.7
19.6
18.0
47.0
94.5
69.2
14.2
43.0

627.4
97.2
77.6
13.2
19.0
184.0
30.9
32.9
64.3
19.4
22.2
49.6
19.3
17.9
47.9
95.9
71.6
14.0
43.0

640.0
98.1
78.7
15.3
20.0
185.5
30.9
33.1
64.8
19.7
22.5
51.2
20.3
18.4
48.7
98.6
72.8
14.3
43.9

645.5
_

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339

1,103.1 1,109.9 1,091.5 1,110.6 1,121.7
57.4
59.3
59.0
56.5
313.1
307.1
306.9
316.7
87.6
87.1
86.7
86.1
52.9
55.6
55.0
54.1
90.3
96.4
90.9
97.3
353.7
355.7
344.2
355.1
50.4
49.4
50.5
49.8
79.0
84.3
84.7
83.6
45.4
46.1
47.6
46.0
173.6
174.7
169.8
173.8

928.9
51.0
265.8
75.7
48.9
78.8
294.9
41.9
71.0
37.2
144.8

935.7
50.6
265.3
75.2
48.1
79.2
296.9
42.0
71.3
37.9
145.7

913.6
49.3
269.9
73.6
46.2
84.2
284.8
40.9
65.2
37.3
141.4

930.5
48.6
272.6
73.9
47.3
84.9
294.9
41.2
69.3
38.4
146.0

943.5
-

See footnotes at end of table.

80



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

64.1
53.7
10.4
50.3
21.6
35.2
152.6
20.9
43.5
32.3

64.7
54.1
10.6
50.9
22.3
35.6
156.9
21.4
44.1
34.3

59.1
49.9
9.2
47.8
20.7
33.7
153.9
21.6
43.6
31.5

59.8
50.7
9.1
47.4
20.5
34.9
157.5
22.0
45.0
31.9

684.0
_

511.4
148.7
129.1
39.7
170.6
35.9
20.4
40.3
152.4
33.2
79.1
19.2

513.5
148.8
129.4
40.0
171.2
36.3
20.8
40.8
153.5
34.0
79.4
19.0

515.7
147.1
128.4
40.1
174.5
38.4
20.2
41.3
154.0
33.3
79.0
20.9

516.9
146.7
128.1
40.0
175.2
38.4
20.4
41.6
155.0
33.6
79.1
20.9

521.2
-

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

1,457.4 1,460.2 1,499.0 1,502.4 1,502.7
_
457.0 458.0 461.7 462.6
123.8
116.0
122.9
115.6
112.6
108.8
113.3
107.6
84.1
83.6
81.0
79.9
29.0
27.8
29.2
27.7
77.0
71.4
78.1
72.0
507.3
509.4 526.4 528.9
169.2
161.6
168.4
162.8
319.9 320.6 330.4 332.1
48.3
49.3
48.0
49.6
74.3
73.7
74.0
73.7
53.6
51.3
53.2
51.5

818.3
169.5
42.5
59.4
37.5
21.9
38.0
368.3
118.3
229.5
34.5
59.6
38.3

820.7
170.5
42.6
57.0
35.2
21.8
38.5
370.9
119.4
230.8
34.8
59.5
38.4

835.9
169.0
45.1
60.0
37.2
22.8
41.5
380.4
120.8
237.7
33.3
59.2
39.4

839.5
169.7
45.4
58.4
36.1
22.3
40.6
383.7
121.5
240.2
33.5
59.4
39.8

841.3
-

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee...
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2861,9
287
289

1,026.7 1,023.0 1,032.3 1,036.8 1,034.6
133.2
135.6
132.4
135.7
87.8
89.8
87.0
90.2
167.8
166.7
168.1
167.6
77.5
77.4
76.0
75.2
62.9
62.3
60.9
61.1
208.3 207.4 213.5 214.0
170.1
166.2
165.6
169.7
157.7
148.8
150.4
153.5
42.4
41.3
41.9
42.2
41.0
40.1
40.7
40.0
74.3
67.4
68.5
70.6
64.2
64.5
64.4
63.3
152.7
154.5
153.0
153.4
29.8
30.4
29.6
30.0
122.9
124.1
123.4
123.4
52.8
53.8
53.6
53.6
94.4
93.1
92.5
94.3

572.1
69.6
49.5
113.1
45.9
45.6
95.9
75.3
94.7
26.0
21.4
47.3
31.5
82.0
20.0
62.0
32.7
52.6

570.2
69.1
49.5
112.0
45.1
45.2
95.3
75.2
96.5
26.6
21.3
48.6
30.7
81.7
19.7
62.0
32.9
52.0

578.6
67.5
47.9
109.9
45.6
42.6
97.9
76.4
97.9
26.7
22.4
48.8
31.9
86.6
19.5
67.1
33.5
53.4

581.7
68.0
48.6
110.1
45.6
42.9
97.7
76.1
100.9
26.7
22.4
51.8
31.7
87.0
19.5
67.5
33.1
53.2

584.9

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

108.5
79.5
22.2

107.0
78.4
22.0

110.0
80.9
22.4

110.3
81.0
22.7

111.2

234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

77.1
63.0
14.1
59.5
24.5
42.2
185.2
25.7
51.0
38.6

77.9
63.6
14.3
60.2
25.4
42.4
189.5
26.2
51.7
40.6

72.3
59.0
13.3
57.5
23.8
40.5
187.5
26.6
51.6
37.7

72.9
59.7
13.2
57.0
23.5
41.5
191.5
27.0
52.9
38.3

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

674.8
194.8
170.2
52.5
231.2
57.6
26.3
51.1
196.3
41.9
104.6
22.6

676.8
195.2
170.7
53.0
231.2
58.2
26.5
51.6
197.4
42.7
104.8
22.5

678.9
193.4
169.7
53.5
234.3
59.2
26.3
52.2
197.7
42.1
104.1
24.3

681.0
193.9
170.3
53.1
235.2
59.4
26.4
52.6
198.8
42.6
104.0
24.2

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

171.0
130.7
28.7

168.4
128.4
28.5

167.2
126.4
29.2

167.7
126.5
29.6

167.8

See footnotes at end of table.




81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

30
301
302

786.0
86.0
10.4

794.1
87.5
10.2

806.4
85.9
9.9

817.5
86.1
10.5

303,4
306
307

21.4
101.7
566.5

21.6
103.0
571.8

21.5
102.2
586.9

21.6
103.3
596.0

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

150.4
13.8
89.6
40.4
31.6
10.7
18.9

149.0
13.8
87.5
39.5
30.6
10.8
19.4

147.0
13.1
87.3
39.1
31.3
10.8
17.5

154.2
13.5
91.8
40.4
33.3
11.5
18.5

5,211

5,301

5,370

3,027

3,094

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation

15.4
78.2
460.3

15.5
79.2
467.8

155.2

123.9
11.6
75.4
32.3
27.8
7.6
15.3

122.5
11.5
73.6
31.5
27.0
7.6
15.7

123.5
10.8
75.4
32.1
27.6
7.7
14.6

130.1
11.2
79.7
33.2
29.6
8.2
15.5

130.4

5,386

5,434

4,291

4,387

4,449

4,467

4,519

3,120

3,137

3,201

209.6
90.1

266.4
90.7

212.7
91.6

211.3
91.4

31.5

31.4

29.2

29.4

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses

41
411
412
413
415

229.6
97.9
35.2
34.7
39.6

287.0
98.5
35.1
34.5
95.4

234.3
100.4
33.4
32.2
44.3

231.9
100.1
33.3
32.3
42.2

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

Water transportation
Local water transportation
Water transportation services

44
445
446

175.5
28.6
92.7

180.1
28.1
98.4

178.0
28.7
96.6

175.7
28.9
93.3

Transportation by air
Air transportation
Air transportation services

45
451,2
458

583.1
515.7
67.4

586.2
519.0
67.2

606.3
535.8
70.5

609.8
538.6
71.2

Pipe lines, except natural gas

46

18.4

18.1

18.4

18.3

Transportation services
Freight forwarding

47
471

286.0
64.7

284.1
65.0

300.6
71.5

302.3
72.4

See footnotes at end of table.

82



50
501
5012
5013

642.3

15.1
79.1
450.8

312.3
276.4

Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Automotive parts and supplies

Sept.
1987P

14.7
77.9
446.0

312.2
276.2

Wholesale trade

Aug.
1987P

632.4
61.2
8.7

330.9
294.4

49
491
492
493
495

July
1987

623.4
61.4
8.1

335.7
299.0

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

Sept.
1986

617.8
64.3
8.5

40
4011

48
481
483
4832
4833

826.0

Aug.
1986

610.2
62.9
8.7

Railroad transportation
Class I railroads2

Communication and public utilities
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting
Television broadcasting

Sept.
1987P

1,398.2 1,407.1 1,469.7 1,486.2
1,298.2 1,299.4 1,367.5 1,379.7
106.5
102.2
107.7
100.0

2,249
2,184
2,250
2,207
1,249.4 1,283.5 1,307.1 1,307.2
851.7 885.1
904.4 903.3
237.8
238.2 233.6 233.6
113.3
112.5
113.4
112.0
120.3
125.3
120.2
126.2

1,213.6 1,225.0 1,280.6 1,297.4
1,129.0 1,133.2 1,195.2 1,208.1
85.4
84.6
91.8
89.3

13.6

13.3

13.4

13.3

946.2
626.8
194.7

979.1
658.8
194.8

995.1
671.2
192.1

996.0
671.2
192.5

744.9
351.2
134.3
173.0
64.1

734.7
348.5
129.7
171.2
63.4

748.3
349.3
135.3
170.5
69.6

747.4
349.8
135.0
169.0
70.3

2,233

934.9
455.5
169.7
208.8
73.6

923.2
452.6
164.1
206.9
72.7

942.4
456.9
170.0
206.1
80.2

942.0
457.7
169.5
204.8
81.0

5,766

5,758

5,826

5,836

5,828

4,632

4,620

4,669

4,675

3,398
433.5
110.5
291.3

3,387
432.5
110.4
290.5

3,435
438.6
112.9
293.9

3,437
437.0
112.2
292.8

3,428

2,704
348.1

2,691
347.5

2,724
352.2

2,723
350.6

4,663

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, TV and radios
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Commercial machines and equipment
Construction and mining machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Professional equipment and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals .
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wines and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
Farm supplies

1972
SIC
Code

502
5021
5023
503
5031
5039
504
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
509
5093
51
511
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191

Retail trade .

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

139.8
138.7
132.3 132.9
60.6
57.8
60.1
57.7
79.
78.6
75.1
74.6
231.9 230.4 233.5 232.9
106.1
106.4
102.9 102.6
126.8
127.1
129.0 127.8
80.0
80.5
80.9
80.1
133.7
133.9
132.0 132.3
487.5 488.0 491.8 492.8
271.9 272.5
268.9 269.5
73.i
72.8
70.6
70.5
147.1
147.1
147.9
148.1
259.5 257.5 266.8 266.5
92.4
87.9
88.4
92.6
109.3
109.9
107.5 106.8
1,450.5 1,443.0 1,455.1 1,456.8
533.5
531.8 530.3 533.3
81.4
82.6
81.4
83.3
122.9
119.8 118.7
122.5
301.8 300.7
296.9 296.7
130.8
130.6 129.0
130.3
175.9
175.0 174.5
174.5
196.9
190.4 189.9
195.4
87.4
90.8
89.8
87.3
2,368
191.8
167.2
192.1
767.6
245.6
64.3
95.0
129.2
202.0
83.6
118.4
154.2
97.1
57.1
435.7
144.6
18,031

2,371
190.9
168.2
192.8
768.0
245.4
64.4
96.9
129.6
199.4
82.2
117.2
151.5
94.7
56.8
436.5
147.0

2,391
193.2
174.9
192.0
771.8
249.5
64.6
90.3
134.3
196.6
80.1
116.5
156.5
99.8
56.7
445.8
150.2

2,399
194.0
176.7
194.4
773.4
249.8
64.7
90.6
134.8
196.9
80.0
116.9
156.5
99.5
57.0
442.6
146.1

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

105.7

106.1

111.7

112.6

191.6

189.7

193.1

192.1

65.6
104.2
370.3

65.3
104.;
370.7

67.
104.4
374.1

66.6
104.8
375.1

208.8

206.8

215.3

215.!

2,400

152.8

152.1

156.8

157.8

1,928
156.2
139.2
144.6
651.7

1,929
155.6
140.0
144.6
650.9

1,945
157.2
144.9
144.1
653.3

1,952
157.3
146.4
146.1
655.0

94.8
156.9

94.3
154.6

99.3
153.9

100.1
154.3

127.5

125.0

129.0

129.0

352.4

353.5

361.1

358.8

16,339 16,336

Building materials and garden supplies .
Lumber and other building materials ..
Hardware stores

52
521
525

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

2,323.0 2,338.0 2,351.3 2,359.7 2,388.7 2,181.2 2,195.5 2,199.5 2,202.6
1,942.7 1,956.7 1,964.9 1,969.5
1,842.4 1,856.4 1,856.3 1,856.0
238.7 241.3 241.7
244.0
216.3 218.6 217.9 220.2
126.4
120.5
144.7
141.6 140.0
146.2
122.5
125.3

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioners .
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
542
545
546

2,887.7 2,896.1 2,965.3 2,964.3 2,974.1 2,666.4 2,673.5 2,729.8 2,727.4
2,543.9 2,551.4 2,610.1 2,608.9
2,361.7 2,367.1 2,414.5 2,412.1
59.5
61.4
59.8
59.2
31.8
35.8
36.3
32.7
161.7
161.3
158.7 160.9
146.1
146.3
143.7
145.9

Automotive dealers and service stations .
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

1,973.2 1,970.2 2,008.5 2,008.2 1,999.4 1,657.3 1,653.7 1,687.7 1,687.0
952.4 959.4 969.2 971.5
808.2
792.3 798.8 806.1
253.5 259.7
315.3 313.4 320.5 322.3
260.8
255.7
527.7
608.9 605.6 616.1
614.0
538.6 536.3
530.5

717.1
389.5
159.0

746.4
406.7
163.3

739.8
404.7
163.0

Sept.
1987P

1,156.4 1,148.4 1,148.7 1,147.6

18,040 18,347 18,382 18,416 16,056 16,063 16,311
706.4
382.5
157.3

Aug.
1987P

603.5
332.7
133.9

590.9
325.3
131.5

623.8
347.4
135.6

620.0
348.2
135.3

See footnotes at end of table.




83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings ..
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

1972
SIC
Code

56
561
562
565
566

Production workers

All employees
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

1,062.2 1,058.3 1,083.5 1,086.0
105.1
102.7
104.7
104.8
384.2
385.4 385.3
383.5
236.4
234.3
246.4 247.1
213.5
206.3
201.4 210.5

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

897.2
86.8
327.4
204.9
165.8

893.8
86.9
327.8
202.9
161.6

914.0
86.1
324.7
213.4
173.0

917.2
83.8
325.8
214.4
176.0

636.5
354.3
74.1
208.1
-

638.9
355.5
73.8
209.6
-

658.8
371.8
_
71.1
215.9
-

662.5
373.7
71.3
217.5
-

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores
Radio and television stores
Music stores

57
571
5712
572
573
5732
5733

Eating and drinking places

58

6,089.2 6,074.2 6,153.0 6,177.2 6,175.0 5,544 ? 5,533.3 5,615.6 5,637.0

Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods ....
Nonstore retailers
Mail order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
592
594
5941
5942
5943
5944
5947
5949
596
5961
5962
598
599

2,212.2 2,227.5 2,241.9 2,246.9
586.8
586.8
561.2
564.5
125.7
123.9
123.0
124.7
732.2
739.4
730.5
734.2
127.4
126.7
129.5
129.9
73.1
72.5
77.3
71.1
74.0
74.7
74.5
73.9
142.8
143.1
142.1
144.3
144.8
143.5
138.4
143.9
61.8
61.6
61.1
63.0
257.5
255.1
261.9 251.6
117.9
124.7
120.9
121.0
81.5
81.8
78.5
78.8
110.2
103.4
111.0
104.8
345.5
350.5
357.1
357.0

Finance, insurance, and real estate3
Finance

766.3
430.7
268.2
86.6
249.0
183.9
65.1

769.0
432.3
268.9
86.2
250.5
184.5
66.0

796.7
452.6
282.3
83.5
260.6
194.6
66.0

Aug.
1986

799.7
454.0
283.2
83.6
262.1
195.4
66.7

6,387

6,699

6,708

6,642

3,208

3,190

3,324

3,322

3,292

60
602
6022
6023,4
603

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Federal savings and loan associations .
State associations, insured
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers

61
612
6122
6123
614
615
616

849.6
382.6
212.0
162.8
229.2
51.6
161.0

851.1
383.1
212.4
163.1
228.4
52.0
162.4

906.6
406.0
224.6
173.0
236.6
54.8
184.5

906.7
407.1
225.1
173.6
236.2
55.4
183.4

Security, commodity brokers, and services
Security brokers and dealers

62
621

402.5
320.1

401.8
319.6

449.5
358.0

450.6
359.4

Holding and other investment offices

67

198.1

197.9

214.5

213.4

1,969

1,968

2,055

2,059

Insurance
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
Title insurance

63
631
632
633
636

Insurance agents, brokers, and service

64

See footnotes at end of table.

84




1,869.5 1,883.1 1,882.1 1,885.5
499.1
481.0
478.7
497.8
_
_
616.4
617.2
610.5
612.7
_

6,428

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks
State banks, Federal Reserve
State banks, not Federal Reserve
Mutual savings banks

589.3

591.1

633.3

637.8

232.6
_
86.2
291.6

_
237.0
_
87.4
291.2

4,774

4,726

90.7
284.8

228.8
_
91.5
280.4

4,940

4,939

225.8
-

1,281.8 1,262.8 1,268.0 1,266.8
1,150.8 1,133.1 1,137.1 1,136.0
-

1,757.5 1,739.3 1,753.6 1,750.8
1,583.3 1,566.2 1,578.1 1,575.1
348.3
343.9
341.2 348.7
380.3
380.5
378.9
374.1
88.1
88.2
84.2
83.1

1,380.1 1,377.3 1,421.2 1,421.6
587.2 588.8
583.0
580.6
189.3
193.6
193.2
189.0
537.0
507.1
537.5
507.7
60.4
60.5
60.1
59.2

Sept.
1987P

679.1
310.6
_
182.2
_

677.5
310.7
-

177.6
_

640.7
292.0
_
176.7
-

944.9
363.9
153.7
349.5
-

941.5
362.7
153.0
348.5
-

959.1
362.0
155.7
362.1
-

954.6
360.0
155.3
361.1
-

642.5
292.5
-

181.8
_

2,048

4,879

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Real estate, and combined real estate, insurance, etc

Aug.
1986

1,251

Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

65
651
653
655

Combined real estate, insurance, etc

66

Production workers1

All employees
Sept.
1986

1,229

July
1987

1,320

Aug.
1987P

1,327

Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

1,302

1,237.7 1,215.9 1,307.3 1,314.3
539.9 528.3 542.0 545.4
547.1
549.2
500.6 494.5
161.8
181.2
182.6
166.1
12.9

12.9

12.3

12.3

23,435 23,428 24,432 24,447 24,433 20,590 20,562 21,404 21,398 21,365

Services
Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

70
701

1,549.4 1,469.1 1,565.6 1,572.6
1,463.8 1,421.0 1,501.1 1,508.7

Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories

72
721
722
723
726

1,085.4 1,100.0 1,133.5 1,131.7
386.2 387.1
407.9 408.7
57.9
62.3
59.4
59.1
345.4 352.2
349.8
347.9
77.8
77.6
78.9
79.0

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Temporary help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming and software
Data processing services

73
731
7311
732
733
734
736
7361
7362
737
7372
7374

4,868.6 4,880.2 5,140.7 5,190.6 5,201.1 4,189.6 4,196.5 4,411.5 4,457.6
201.4 200.7
200.3 201.4
149.6
149.1
149.9
150.1
148.5
148.2
147.4
148.8
100.7
100.2
106.3
106.1
194.6
195.9 205.4 205.2
696.7
696.5
699.0
700.5
629.8 630.2 635.3 635.9
1,054.9 1,068.5 1,206.0 1,250.0
158.8
161.7
183.6
188.1
840.6 853.7
962.0 1,000.0
596.1
596.0 641.2 643.7
475.4 474.2
502.9
504.3
219.2
219.6 238.6 241.5
278.8 278.7
301.8 301.3

739
7391
7392
7393
7394
7395

2,015.5 2,013.5 2,073.5 2,074.7
193.3
192.8 200.5
199.7
555.7
551.8
576.2 573.8
452.2 454.6 451.2 451.2
210.0
209.6 220.5 222.0
80.2
82.3
80.6
81.8

Miscellaneous business services
Research development laboratories, nee
Management and public relations
Detective and protective services
Equipment rental and leasing
Photofinishing laboratories

Sept.
1987P

Auto repair, services, and garages
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Automotive repair shops

75
751
753

773.1
165.9
464.4

773.0
166.2
462.5

805.6
177.6
482.2

807.0
177.4
483.6

Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops

76
762

323.7
105.6

319.0
104.4

325.0
106.0

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters

78
781
783

235.9
107.6
116.5

228.9
110.5
106.5

232.4
109.0
110.7

Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Outpatient care facilities

1,318.8 1,274.5 1,348.3 1,354.6
344.3

345.2

363.3

364.1

313.3

319.0

314.8

313.3

648.0

648.3

671.3

672.1

387.3

386.2

398.2

399.7

324.4
105.9

270.3

265.2

271.5

270.3

239.2
117.1
109.2

198.5
86.0

191.6
89.0

196.1
87.5

202.0
94.5

79

1,109.2 1,015.0 1,183.2 1,180.0

1,003.5

80
801
802
805
8051
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808

6,617.2
1,011.4
464.8
1,268.1
846.4
421.7
3,054.2
2,858.4
65.7
130.1
131.1
251.4

6,619.3
1,006.5
465.9
1,267.7
846.3
421.4
3,053.9
2,859.2
65.0
129.7
131.3
252.9

6,921.7
1,082.7
481.3
1,306.1
870.8
435.3
3,171.8
2,966.9
68.6
136.3
141.4
272.0

906.1 1,042.4 1,040.7

6,947.2 6,948.8 5,881.6 5,881.4 6,155.6 6,166.7
837.0 829.8 891.0 893.2
1,088.6
408.9 410.8 424.4 429.6
486.2
1,309.7
1,147.1 1,145.3 1,180.9 1,181.8
873.9
435.8
3,178.6
2,783.0 2,783.5 2,896.3 2,899.1
2,974.7
68.0
135.9
143.2
271.8

See footnotes at end of table.




85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Services—Continued
Legal services

81

Production workers1

All employees
Aug.
1986

764.8

Sept.
1986

754.8

July
1987

811.5

Aug.
1987P

805.7

Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Correspondence and vocational schools

82
821
822
824

1,208.5 1,386.9 1,213.9 1,197.9
311.3 359.3 318.6 312.6
745.6 879.8 738.2 727.9
68.0
69.4
68.6
69.4

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Residential care

83
832
833
836

1,435.7 1,458.9 1,538.1 1,522.3
294.2 291.2 322.5 320.5
262.1 250.8 289.6 279.7
321.9 319.7 339.7 340.1

Museums, botanical and zoological gardens

84

Membership organizations
Business associations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations

86
861
863
864

1,538.6 1,516.1 1,572.0 1,548.8
92.7
94.2
92.6
93.2
128.5 132.8 127.7 127.2
373.0 339.5 400.6 377.9

Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services
Noncommercial research organizations
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

89
891
892
893

1,271.9 1,259.5 1,322.5 1,323.1
693.9 682.2 715.5 716.6
128.7 125.2 133.2 131.4
423.9 426.6 446.6 447.8

48.4

4

2,907

Federal Government

4

Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial

646.3

Sept.
1986

636.1

July
1987

683.1

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

677.6

52.6

1,041.7 1,025.9 1,075.9 1,076.3
588.7
576.2 604.2 605.9

331.0

330.4

344.5

344.7

State government
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions

2,881

2,983

2,966

2,939

2,850.5 2,825.7 2,923.3
984.3
973.0 1,001.2

;

Federal government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Shipbuilding and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

793.0 787.7 810.0
1,073.2 1,065.0 1,112.1
37.3
36.4
39.5
18.8
18.7
19.7

3731

123.7
74.2

123.2
73.8

125.8
77.4

126.4
77.7

806

38.9
412.2
246.7

38.7
406.4
244.6

39.5
420.5
256.3

39.8
420.2
255.6

3,663
443.9

3,821

3,739
453.5

3,744
452.9

806
82

441.0

3,903

1,287.1 1,476.4 1,322.6 1,323.3

1,353.3 1,335.7 1,374.2 1,376.5
9,104
497.7

806
82

9,473 9,341
499.3 499.4
608.4
627.1
608.2 626.7
4,441.3 5,373.9 4,652.8 4,569.4
9,822

9,929

492.2

3,194.2 3,015.3 3,309.5 3,271.8

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the
nonsupervisory count for all series in this division.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to




53.4

Aug.
1986

15,674 16,524 16,195 16,051 16,771

Government

86

48.0

Sept.
1987P

civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and
the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1986 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
June
1986

July
1986

May
1987

June
1987

July
1987

45,627

44,889

47,264

47,323

46,569

Total private

37,229

37,215

38,352

38,626

38,609

Goods-producing

6,827

6,854

6,918

6,870
99

Industry

Total

6,745

Mining

107

106

97

98

Construction

509

517

532

541

547

Manufacturing

6,211

6,122

6,225

6,279

6,224

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ..
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,987
113
154
115
100
322
452
877
380
306
168

2,948
112
150
113
98
314
446
878
377
301
159

2,984
118
159
114
100
323
446
866
390
299

3,000
121
159
115
101
325
447
868
391
301
172

2,963
121
157
113
99
318
445
862
384
299
165

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ..
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
,
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,224
503
18
344
895
166
618
290
26
275
89

3,174
520
18
339
852
165
618
289
26
265
82

3,241
494
17
352
887
165
641
292
24
281
89

3,279
512
17
354
892
168
644
295
24
283
90

3,261
535
15
349
867
166
642
298
24
277
88

38,800

38,144

40,410

40,405

39,699

Transportation and public utilities....

1,447

1,468

1,530

1,537

1,517

Wholesale trade

1,667

1,667

1,688

1,705

1,707

Retail trade

9,423

9,408

9,600

9,700

9,689

Finance, insurance, and real estate .

3,924

3,957

4,100

4,138

4,163

13,941

13,970

14,580

14,628

14,663

8,398
1,040
1,783
5,575

7,674
1,039
1,727
4,908

8,912
1,050
1,925
5,937

8,697
1,061
1,833
5,803

7,960
1,064
1,787
5,109

Service-producing

Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are




introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1986 forward are subject to
revision.

87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987

1986
Industry

Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

100,039

100,209

83,241

83,337

83,515

24,620

24,611

24,630

739
419

735
416

4,948
1,291

Dec.

Jan.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.'

Sept.?

Feb.

Mar.

100,415 100,567 100,919

101,150

101,329

83,643

83,983

84,215

84,352

84,560

84,677

84,787

85,106

85,226

85,364

24,630

24,708

24,743

24,749

24,759

24,752

24,761

24,850

24,885

24,912

730
412

724
406

718
405

719
406

722
408

729
416

735
420

738
425

744
430

752
434

756
435

4,942
1,289

4,946
1,289

4,936
1,277

5,034
1,311

5,038
1,309

5,032
1,291

5,019
1,272

4,999
1,267

5,008
1,266

5,002
1,261

5,007
1,263

4,974
1,248

18,933

18,934

18,954

18,970

18,956

18,986

18,995

19,011

19,018

19,015

19,104

19,126

19,182

11,181
716
499
584
732
260

11,169
718

11,174
723
499
582
733
260
1,419
2,015
2,119
2,023
858
700
361

11,175
728
499
584
733
259
1,422
2,011
2,118
2,018
853
698
364

11,157
731
500
586
726
254
1,422
2,007
2,111
2,014
851
697
363

11,179
733
501
588
733
261
1,419
2,018
2,106
2,022
859

11,176
734
502

11,175
736
504
586
743
272

11,175
738
509
584
742
272
1,420
2,025
2,087

11,244
737

11,279
739

518
583
754

2,011
847

2,011

11,195
740
518
582
750
277
1,424
2,033
2,088
1,995
814

695
364

694
366

694
364

693
366

11,176
735
510
582
746
275
1,424
2,028
2,080
2,010
842
693
368

521
583
769
284
1,429
2,054
2,098
2,017
837
698
371

7,795
1,631
58
715
1,110
679
1,474
1,017
163
800
148

7,799
1,628
58
718
1,106
678
1,479
1,018
164
803
147

7,807
1,630
58
722
1,101

7,819
1,635
57
725
1,103

7,836

7,843

1,642

679

678
1,485
1,017
164
807
148

149

809
150

7,839
1,634
57
729
1,108
676
1,498
1,014
164
810
149

7,909
1,644
57
736
1,130

1,483
1,018
164
805
147

1,633
57
727
1,107
677
1,497
1,022
164

147

7,780
1,627
59
714
1,101
678
1,472
1,020
165
797
147

101,598 101,708 101,818 102,126 102,278 102,410

General building contractors
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ....
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

1,424
2,031
2,118

2,015
857
703

359
7,752
1,619
58
707
1,102
675

1,465
1,021
167

791
147

499
581
733

262
1,421
2,022
2,120
2,013
850
702
360
7,765
1,621
58

709
1,104
677
1,469
1,020

166
794

586

739
266
1,419
2,015
2,099
2,022
854

1,423
2,022
2,092

56
724
1,104
677
1,493
1,018

164
809

843

695
370

678
1,504

1,026
164
815
155

279
1,425
2,043
2,093
2,027
847
694
370
7,882
1,633
56
733

1,109
677
1,507
1,032
165
818

7,903
1,631
54
737
1,114
683
1,507
1,033

167

152

824
153

75,419

75,598

75,785

75,937

76,211

76,407

76,580

76,839

76,956

77,057

77,276

77,393

77,498

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communication and public utilities

5,255
3,050
2,205

5,251
3,053
2,198

5,278
3,071
2,207

5,286
3,078
2,208

5,304
3,089
2,215

5,315
3,097
2,218

5,333
3,112
2,221

5,348
3,124
2,224

5,344
3,120
2,224

5,350
3,128
2,222

5,363
3,133
2,230

5,377
3,146
2,231

5,385
3,154
2,231

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

5,736
3,383
2,353

5,731
3,379
2,352

5,728
3,380
2,348

5,725
3,383
2,342

5,741
3,386
2,355

5,757
3,391
2,366

5,766
3,397
2,369

5,772
3,397
2,375

5,775
3,401
2,374

5,781
3.405
2,376

5,797
3,418
2,379

5,805
3,420
2,385

5,806
3,425
2,381

17,939
2,374
2,892
1,958
5,911

17,980
2,385
2,901
1,960
5,919

18,009
2,379
2,906
1,963
5,927

18,007
2,363
2,916
1,970
5,938

18,080
2,358
2,929
1,978
5,946

18,140
2,373
2,940
1,979
5,956

18,136
2,380
2,944
1,979
5,964

18,197
2,385
2,953
1,978
5,962

18,205
2,390
2,956
1,978
5,976

18,226
2,387
2,960
1,983
5,982

18,274
2,407
2,959
1,985
5,985

18,254
2,408
2,964
1,984
5,991

18,324
2,425
2,971
1,987
6,007

6,374
3,193
1,971
1,210

6,395
3,204
1,980
1,211

6,418
3,212
1,990
1,216

6,451
3,227
1.999
1,225

6,480
3,235
2,012
1,233

6,501
3,243
2,016
1,242

6,526
3,256
2,022
1,248

6,558
3,272
2,032
1,254

6,576
3,276
2,037
1,263

6,586
3,280
2,037
1,269

6,608
3,291
2,043
1,274

6,628
3,296
2,051
1,281

6,626
3,295
2,050
1,281

23,317
4,835
6,615

23,369
4,861
6,644

23,452
4,877
6,661

23,544
4,912
6,691

23,670
4,950
6,721

23,759
4,984
6,748

23,842
5,020
6,773

23,926
5,044
6,800

24,025
5,083
6,822

24,083
5,086
6,853

24,214
5,105
6,887

24,277
5,134
6,920

24,311
5,155
6,942

16,798
2,902
3,890

16,872
2,897
3,907
10,068

16,900
2,900
3,915
10,085

16,924
2,904
3,927
10,093

16,936
2,912
3,929
10,095

16,935
2,916
3,927
10,092

16,977
2,922
3,930

17,038
2,933
3,943
10,162

17,031
2,935
3,947
10,149

17,031
2,935
3,932
10,164

17,020
2,936
3,952

17,052
2,940
3,970
10,142

17,046
2,960
3,975
10,111

Service-producing

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, Insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate
Services

Business services
Health services
Government
Federal
State
Local

10,006

P = preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1986

88



10,125

10,132

benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally
adjusted data from January 1983 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Women employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1986

1987

Industry
July

Total
Total private
Goods-producing

45,661

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec,

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

45,801 45,960 46,111 46,229 46,358 46,517 46,654 46,766 46,937 46,999 47,142 47,372

37,258 37,382 37,436 37,547 37,653 37,767 37,909 38,057 38,133 38,271 38,337 38,445 38,649
6,797

6,796

6,800

6,813

6,826

6,842

6,838

6,843

6,846

6,863

6,869

6,876

6,923

Mining

105

103

101

100

99

98

97

97

96

97

97

98

98

Construction

507

508

511

513

516

519

522

524

526

530

533

534

536

6,185

6,185

6,188

6,200

6,211

6,225

6,219

6,222

6,224

6,236

6,239

6,244

6,289

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ...
Miscellaneous manufacturing

2,975
111
155
113
99
319
448
885
378
303
164

2,979
112
155
113
99
320
445
886
381
303
165

2,979
112
155
113
100
320
443
885
382
303
166

2,981
113
155
112
100
320
443
886
384
302
166

2,983
113
155
112
100
321
442
885
387
301
167

2,985
115
155
113
99
321
441
884
389
301
167

2,979
115
156
114
99
320
440
880
388
300
167

2,983
117
156
113
100
320
441
876
392
300
168

2,978
117
157
113
100
320
441
870
392
299
169

2,980
117
157
114
100
322
444
868
391
299
168

2,980
118
159
114
99
322
444
866
390
299
169

2,983
118
160
114
100
323
444
864
390
299
171

2,990
119
163
113
100
323
446
869
385
301
171

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,210
506
20
345
887
163
620
287
26
269
87

3,206
504
19
345
883
163
621
287
26
271
87

3,209
505
20
344
882
164
623
287
25
272
87

3,219
508
19
345
883
164
626
288
25
275
86

3,228
513
20
347
881
165
628
288
25
275
86

3,240
514
19
349
889
165
629
287
25
276
87

3,240
514
19
349
883
165
632
289
24
278
87

3,239
514
19
350
878
165
634
290
24
278
87

3,246
517
19
352
878
165
636
290
24
278
87

3,256
518
18
351
880
165
640
291
24
281
88

3,259
515
19
351
883
165
641
292
24
280
89

3,261
515
18
352
883
165
643
292
24
280
89

3,299
521
17
355
902
165
644
295
24
282
94

Manufacturing

Service-producing

38,864 39,005 39,160 39,298 39,403 39,516 39,679 39,811

39,920 40,074 40,130 40,266 40,449

Transportation and public utilities ...

1,481

1,465

1,486

1,487

1,496

1,501

1,507

1,510

1,517

1,520

1,524

1,531

1,531

Wholesale trade

1,672

1,675

1,675

1,673

1,673

1,675

1,682

1,691

1,695

1,695

1,693

1,703

1,712

Retail trade

9,403

9,452

9,456

9,484

9,501

9,504

9,547

9,607

9,603

9,636

9,629

9,642

9,679

Finance, insurance, and real estate

3,922

3,944

3,961

3,978

3,996

4,016

4,036

4,053

4,064

4,087

4,100

4,109

4,126

13,983 14,050

14,058

14,229 14,299 14,353 14,408 14,470 14,522 14,584

14,678

Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

8,403
1,019
1,849
5,535

8,419
1,024
1,850
5,545

8,524
1,033
1,852
5,639

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all




14,112 14,161
8,564
1,032
1,861
5,671

8,576
1,033
1,865
5,678

8,591
1,035
1,869
5,687

8,608
1,037
1,878
5,693

8,597
1,038
1,871
5,688

8,633
1,041
1,883
5,709

1,043
1,890
5,733

8,662
1,045
1,897
5,720

8,697
1,044
1,896
5,757

8,723
1,044
1,913
5,766

seasonally adjusted data from January 1983 forward are subject to revision.

89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers
seasonally adjusted

1

on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,

(In thousands)
1987

1986
Industry
Sept.

Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Oct.

Nov.

Jan.

Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.p

Sept.1

67,348 67,411 67,570 67,665 67,939 68,149 68,263 68,419 68,488 68,598 68,843 68,940 68,998
17,252 17,238

17,270 17,283 17,331 17,379

17,380

17,375

17,360

17,377

17,441 17,478 17,506

518

516

514

510

504

508

511

518

525

528

534

539

542

3,883

3,873

3,877

3,867

3,943

3,955

3,944

3,918

3,889

3,891

3,887

3,899

3^865

12,884 12,916 12,925

12,939

12,946 12,958

13,020

12,851 12,849

12,879 12,906

13,040 13,099

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

7,382
601
399
450
546
195
1,052
1,203
1,226
1,261
659
382
262

7,369
603
399
448
546
197
1,050
1,195
1,226
1,261
652
380
261

7,385
607
398
449
547
194
1,049
1,190
1,230
1,273
663
379
263

7,393
611
398
451
547
193
1,052
1,187
1,234
1,267
658
379
267

7,370
611
400
452
540
188
1,051
1,183
1,226
1,265
659
377
265

7,398
614
400
454
547
194
1,051
1,190
1,223
1,276
668
377
266

7,399
615
402
453
553
199
1,051
1,190
1,218
1,273
663
376
268

7,406
617
403
453
559
205
1,053
1,198
1,216
1,265
657
376
266

7,409
618
407
452
557
205
1,050
1,203
1,215
1,265
655
375
267

7,421
615
408
451
561
207
1,054
1,210
1,212
1,265
655
376
269

7,425
619
416
449
565
209
1,055
1,212
1,221
1,241
629
378
269

7,478
615
415
451
569
211
1,058
1,223
1,226
1,276
663
377
268

7,512
616
417
453
583
215
1,063
1,233
1,229
1,268
653
381
269

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

5,469
1,138
44
612
928
512
824
569
105
616
121

5,480
1,139
44
615
929
514
827
568
105
618
121

5,494
1,146
45
619
927
515
828
568
105
620
121

5,513
1,149
44
621
937
517
830
566
105
622
122

5,514
1,147
44
624
931
515
833
568
106
623
123

5,518
1,150
44
627
925
516
833
569
106
625
123

5,526
1,154
44
630
926
515
832
570
106
626
123

5,533
1,158
43
628
929
514
832
569
106
629
125

5,537
1,153
44
631
927
513
836
572
107
629
125

5,537
1,150
42
633
930
513
839
568
108
629
125

5,595
1,159
43
640
950
515
841
576
107
633
131

5,562
1,146
42
636
930
514
844
579
108
635
128

5,587
1,145
39
640
936
520
845
583
110
640
129

Service-producing

50,096 50,173 50,300 50,382 50,608 50,770 50,883 51,044 51,128 51,221 51,402 51,462 51,492

Transportation and public utilities

4,344

4,342

4,368

4,380

4,389

4,401

4,419

4,428

4,429

4,439

4,449

4,467

4,474

Wholesale trade

4,598

4,590

4,586

4,583

4,600

4,611

4,617

4,622

4,623

4,632

4,641

4,643

4,640

16,141 16,132 16,189

16,193

16,195

4,844

4,851

Retail trade
Finance, Insurance, and real estate
Services

15,977 16,013 16,035
4,712

4,726

4,743




4,786

4,767

4,806

4,823

4,840

16,246 16,242 16,255
4,853

4,861

4,864

20,465 20,502 20,568 20,622 20,736 20,811 20,892 20,965 21,039 21,104 21,213 21,249 21,259

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.

90

16,030 16,097

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
seasonally adjusted data from January 1983 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
INDEXES OF DIFFUSION
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-7. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased, seasonally adjusted

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Over
1 -month
span

1985
1986
1987

55.9
53.2
53.5

47.0
48.1
56.8

52.4
48.1
58.6

47.3
53.5
58.4

53.2
52.4
58.6

46.8
46.8
55.7

53.8
52.4
68.6

Over
3-month
span

1985
1986
1987

51.1
49.7
58.6

48.4
44.9
59.5

42.4
45.7
61.1

46.5
48.4
61.6

44.3
47.6
61.4

49.7
45.4
67.3

Over
6-month
span

1985
1986
1987

46.5
47.6
6.1.9

46.5
47.6
62.7

43.2
43.0
58.9

44.3
43.2
67.3

Over
12-month
span

1985
1986.......
1987

44.6
43.2
62.2

43.8
46.2
67.3

40.8
45.7

Time
span

P

44.1
44.1
65.1

P

P

Based on the number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,
3, and 6 month spans, on the payrolls of 185 private nonagricultural
industries. Data for the 12-month span are unadjusted.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment




44.3
45.4
66.5
41.6
47.8

P

P

47.0
48.4
64.9

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

47.8
55.1
64.9

53.2
53.2

54.3
59.7

57.3
59.7

48.6
55.1
72.4

45.9
55.9

47.6
58.1

55.1
58.6

56.5
60.3

Aug.

p

P

53.8
56.2
53.0

P

45.1
48.4
71.9

43.0
47.3

44.3
53.0

49.2
59.2

49.2
58.9

47.3
57.8

45.9
58.9

41.6
49.5

42.2
49.5

42.4
51.6

43.8
54.9

44.3
52.2

44.1
55.1

42.4
56.5

rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.)
Data are centered within the spans. Establishment survey estimates
are currently projected from March 1986 benchmark levels. When
more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted
data from January 1983 forward are subject to revision.

91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area
Aug.
1986

Aug.
1987^

July
1987

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

July
1987

1,459.6
376.9
117.3
157.8
122.1
55.9

1,490.0
392.0
121.5
159.9
124.0
56.6

1,491.2
392.8
122.1
158.4
123.3
57.9

12.0
6.0
.1
.6
.1
2.7

10.5
5.5
.1
.4
.1
2.1

11.4
5.9
.1
.4
.1
2.4

77.9
24.1
5.0
10.6
9.5
3.0

78.3
25.9
5.3
9.0
9.7
3.4

78.8
25.9
5.3
8.8
9.7
3.5

236.4

226.1

224.1

9.0

8.3

8.4

16.3

14.1

15.1

1,329.7
875.9
236.2

1,341.3
886.8
236.4

1,342.6
886.5
235.6

10.8
.6
1.6

11.1
.6
1.6

11.1
.6
1.6

116.7
80.7
22.6

104.8
70.1
21.2

103.8
69.5
20.8

815.2
44.0
72.6
224.4
34.0

830.1
46.0
74.7
226.9
31.4

837.0
46.9
74.5
228.7
31.4

4.0

39.0
1.9
3.2
11.8
4.1

37.2
2.1
2.9
12.4
1.6

37.6
2.1
2.9
12.5
1.5

11,252.3
1,045.3
154.1
196.5
3,883.6
102.9
790.0
193.6
553.3
520.5
104.0
819.3
917.5
769.7
142.8
118.8
140.1
123.4

11,599.7
1,088.2
156.0
203.4
4,004.9
104.4
815.7
201.3
591.1
536.7
108.0
850.4
930.1
775.5
144.9
122.6
139.6
127.9

11,616.9
1,092.6
157.4
204.1
3,995.5
108.0
815.7
199.8
591.0
540.6
107.0
852.0
930.3
778.3
144.1
123.7
143.8
128.8

40.9
2.3
12.5
.6
10.8
.1
2.5
3.0
1.2
.8
.5
.8
1.1
.2
1.3
.7
.1
.3

39.6
2.1
12.0
.8
10.5
.1
2.5
2.5
1.3
.8
.5
.8
1.1
.2
1.4
.6
.1
.3

40.0
2.0
12.4
.8
10.6
.1
2.5
2.5
1.3
.8
.5
.8
1.1
.2
1.4
.6
.1
g

542.5
55.3
9.7
12.5
130.1
6.1
47.5
11.0
45.7
33.2
4.2
54.0
34.2
31.8
6.4
8.6
8.9
8.2

575.8
59.0
10.1
12.7
135.7
6.9
49.4
11.9
52.7
34.4
4.6
59.3
34.5
31.9
6.3
9.1
9.4
9.0

585.5
59.7
10.2
12.7
137.7
6.9
50.4
12.3
53.9
35.3
4.6
60.0
35.1
32.5
6.5
9.3
9.5
9.3

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,394.0
102.1
804.5

1,388.9
103.7
798.6

1,390.2
103.4
800.0

26.4
.3
16.9

24.7
.3
16.0

24.2
.3
15.8

80.1
4.5
44.3

74.2
3.9
40.5

74.0
3.9
41.2

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

1,598.4
192.3
458.2
64.2
242.7
123.9
83.9

1,644.5
196.3
475.5
65.2
250.7
126.9
84.6

1,643.0
197.2
473.9
65.4
249.4
126.7
86.0

1.7

76.6
8.4
19.9
4.2
12.9
5.5
4.3

77.0
9.1
20.4
4.6
14.0
5.7
4.6

77.3
9.4
20.5
4.7
13.5
5.7
4.6

308.6
262.9

316.3
270.5

319.1
273.2

.1
.2

.1
.2

.1
.2

20.1
19.2

19.9
18.3

20.2
18.5

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

654.5
2,003.9

662.0
2,063.9

660.0
2,057.1

.1
1.0

.1
.9

.1
.9

13.9
126.2

14.6
129.9

14.9
129.6

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

4,535.0
104.7
432.3
98.0
87.4
370.2
129.7
137.6
788.4
444.0
120.7
94.9
100.7
754.4
290.5

4,737.3
109.8
448.0
108.6
91.1
385.8
138.7
140.8
807.2
473.7
122.6
99.4
105.9
776.0
313.3

4,733.5
109.4
446.0
107.7
91.1
387.5
137.7
140.4
806.2
473.2
122.5
99.6
104.8
774.0
313.8

9.9

343.7
7.9
36.6
11.8
4.9
27.8
8.3
9.1
40.5
34.7
10.5
9.9
5.4
62.1
28.2

342.4
8.0
36.3
12.8
4.4
28.2
9.3
8.3
39.9
33.5
10.5
9.8
6.1
63.8
30.9

342.1
8.1
35.9
12.7
4.4
28.1
9.2
8.3
39.8
33.9
10.3
9.8
6.0
64.5
31.3

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

92




Aug.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Aug.
1986

4.0

4.3
(1)

0

.9
.4

0

1.0
.4

1.7

1.7
2

0)

mi

t

0)

.4

0
(1)

(1)

c

()
.9

.9

t

(1)

1

()

0

4.7

4.7

4.2
1

.6
(1)

9.9

9.4

.4

(1)

(1)

(1)

O

.3
.6

.6
(1)

(1)
(1)

.4

(1)

0

1.0
.4

0

O

(1)

O

O

(1)

V)

O

(1)
(1)

V)
(1)

(11)
()

0)

o

.7

(1)

.9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrfcultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade .

State and area
Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987*

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987^

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

355.0
51.1
30.5
24.9
17.9
9.0

360.1
51.9
30.8
27.0
17.5
9.3

361.6
52.8
31.1
26.6
17.5
9.3

72.1
27.8
2.7
9.7
4.8
2.0

72.2
28.5
2.6
9.1
4.8
2.2

72.4
28.6
2.7
9.2
4.8
2.2

323.8
96.5
22.6
43.8
27.6
11.6

329.6
100.1
23.4
44.4
28.2
12.1

330.8
100.6
23.5
44.6
28.1
12.2

20.8

21.6

19.5

19.6

19.4

19.1

46.7

43.8

44.1

187.2
133.6
31.8

185.1
134.2
30.4

186.9
135.6
30.5

67.7
45.0
9.8

70.2
47.8
. 9.8

70.5
48.1
9.7

320.2
217.2
53.6

329.6
225.5
53.9

329.3
224.9
54.1

213.9
9.9
25.0
32.4
6.2

219.9
10.9
26.3
32.0
6.5

222.0
11.3
26.6
32.3
6.5

48.6
4.0
3.7
14.9
2.8

50.6
4.3
3.8
14.9
2.7

51.0
4.3
3.9
15.0
2.7

187.1
10.7
15.6
55.0
6.7

193.2
11.0
15.2
55.7
6.3

194.7
11.0
15.0
56.2
6.3

2,095.0
244.1
10.4
22.6
884.7
27.4
102.3
29.4
74.7
40.6
10.3
122.0
77.8
269.0
24.1
18.4
25.5
13.8

2,092.8
246.0
10.4
21.3
896.0
24.6
104.6
29.5
78.5
39.8
10.5
120.0
76.1
264.3
22.9
18.3
24.0
13.5

2,114.3
247.0
10.3
22.2
899.2
27.9
105.9
30.4
79.5
40.6
10.4
118.0
76.8
266.9
22.3
18.6
28.2
13.9

584.6
34.6
8.3
10.7
203.2
4.5
56.3
9.6
30.9
24.4
4.9
32.7
80.5
21.2
5.4
5.7
9.5
4.5

593.6
35.1
8.6
10.5
207.8
4.2
56.1
10.2
31.9
25.2
5.1
33.1
79.3
21.2
5.2
5.9
9.3
4.5

590.4
35.2
8.5
10.6
204.4
4.3
56.1
10.2
31.8
25.3
5.1
33.1
79.2
21.3
5.2
5.9
9.2
4.5

2,724.9
262.6
40.9
50.5
924.7
24.6
199.9
49.3
139.6
128.3
28.1
199.1
214.9
149.9
34.3
31.0
32.5
29.8

2,822.0
280.6
40.9
53.4
952.4
26.2
206.2
51.1
148.5
133.0
28.3
206.4
219.6
154.4
35.4
32.5
32.8
31.5

2,832.3
280.8
40.7
53.7
956.5
26.3
207.0
50.7
148.9
134.5
28.4
207.6
220.5
154.7
35.4'
32.6
32.7
31.7

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

186.0
28.4
96.5

184.4
28.3
94.9

184.4
28.3
94.6

90.3
2.3
64.9

89.6
2.2
64.8

89.7
2.2
65.0

350.9
22.7
205.6

348.2
22.8
202.5

350.6
23.0
204.8

Connecticut

387.5
59.8
90.5
21.6
46.1
25.1
24.9

384.5
58.8
93.3
19.8
46.1
23.6
22.1

383.8
59.4
92.2
19.8
45.3
23.6
23.2

68.2
7.4
16.6
3.1
17.6
5.0
3.0

71.2
7.2
17.2
3.1
18.0
5.1
2.9

71.1
7.2
17.3
3.2
18.0
5.1
3.0

358.1
44.7
96.5
12.9
56.9
29.3
16.5

374.6
45.9
100.7
13.6
59.0
30.7
17.3

375.4
46.1
100.5
13.6
59.2
30.4
17.4

Delaware
Wilmington

68.3
57.6

66.2
55.4

69.4
58.4

12.0
13.1

12.6
13.9

12.6
13.8

70.3
55.5

72.8
58.7

72.6
58.7

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

15.5
85.2

15.6
85.4

15.8
85.6

24.7
95.2

25.0
100.4

25.0
100.4

62.3
399.8

63.7
415.7

63.6
414.4

513.7
11.8
42.8
5.2
5.5
37.8
20.3
27.2
92.3
51.0
11.1
8.1
4.5
90.0
36.1

521.0
12.8
44.1
5.7
5.7
37.9
20.3
27.2
91.7
53.3
11.4
8.6
4.8
88.0
35.2

523.8
12.9
44.5
5.7
5.8
38.5
20.7
27.4
91.5
53.3
11.4
8.6
4.8
88.3
36.0

245.5
3.3
21.2
4.7
1.7
26.8
5.9
5.6
67.7
23.5
6.2
3.5
2.8
37.2
10.7

249.6
3.4
22.5
5.1
1.7
27.7
6.0
5.4
66.7
25.3
6.5
3.5
3.0
37.3
11.4

250.6
3.3
22.4
5.1
1.7
27.9
6.1
5.4
67.0
25.3
6.5
3.5
2.9
37.2
11.4

1,229.5
30.9
128.3
28.6
19.6
100.8
36.3
31.5
210.4
114.8
32.3
28.0
21.3
207.7
75.4

1,300.4
32.5
133.3
32.7
20.3
105.2
38.7
33.1
218.5
122.3
32.3
28.7
22.5
211.9
82.1

1,301.1
32.5
133.0
32.2
20.6
105.3
38.3
33.0
218.6
122.4
32.5
28.7
22.4
211.6
82.4

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Arizona
Phoenix

Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral

Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
(Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Aug.
1986

July
1987
71 4
29.3
3.5
74
73
2.1

Aug.
1987P
71.1
29.2
3.5
74
7.3
2.1

Aug.
1986
259.0
87.4
25.5
33.7
24.1
7.7

July
1987
270.0
92.4
27.0
34.8
24.3
7.8

Aug.
1987P
270.9
92.4
27.1
34.5
24.3
8.1

Aug.
1986
289.9
55.3
27.5
26.8
30.8
17.9

July
1987
297.9
58.4
28.8
27.8
32.1
17.6

Aug.
1987P
294.2
57.5
28.8
26.9
31.5
18.1

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa .

69 9
28.7
3.4
77
73
2.0

Alaska

129

120

11.8

46.3

43.8

43.4

64.8

63.1

62.7

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

90 5
71 5
12.3

91 6
72.1
12.9

91 7
72.2
12.8

326 8
217.9
61.0

337.2
226.9
62.3

336.9
227.0
62.0

209.8
109.4
43.5

211.7
109.6
44.3

212.4
108.6
44.1

38 1
1.5
27
15.5
1.6

38.6
1.4
28
15.6
1.7

38.7
1.4
2.7
15.6
1.7

148.8
6.2
15.1
50.6
5.8

155.3
6.7
16.4
52.7
5.9

154.9
6.9
15.9
52.8
5.9

135.4
9.8
6.4
43.8
6.8

131.3
9.6
6.3
43.2
6.7

134.1
9.9
6.5
43.9
6.8

775.1
84.4
6.4
13.9
276.5
4.6
52.6
10.3
24 1
31.5
5.0
57.1
114.3
33.4
8.0
8 1
8.1
4.9

793.2
85.0
6.3
14.0
284.0
4.8
55.5
10.6
25.4
32.5
5.4
59.0
112.6
32.9
8.3
8.3
8.2
4.9

795.1
85.3
6.4
13.9
285.0
4.8
55.6
10.6
25.4
32.5
5.3
59.2
112.5
33.1
8.3
8.3
8.3
4.9

2,773.8
259.1
30.3
46.0
1,002.3
20.9
178.4
43.0
128.9
108.8
25.7
214.1
267.0
184.8
38.5
26.3
27.9
27.2

2,885.9
275.4
31.5
49.1
1,035.7
21.6
184.4
45.3
136.4
113.9
26.7
225.9
275.2
189.6
39.8
27.6
28.1
28.1

2,895.6
277.2
31.7
49.1
1,040.7
22.0
183.6
45.5
136.7
114.6
26.7
227.8
274.6
189.4
39.5
27.7
28.3
28.4

1,715.5
102.9
35.6
39.7
451.3
14.7
150.5
38.0
108.2
152.9
25.3
139.5
127.7
79.4
24.8
20.0
27.6
34.7

1,796.8
105.0
36.2
41.6
482.8
16.0
157.0
40.2
116.4
157.1
26.9
145.9
131.7
81.0
25.6
20.3
27.7
36.1

1,763.7
105.4
37.2
41.1
461.4
15.7
154.6
37.6
113.5
157.0
26.0
145.5
130.5
80.2
25.5
20.7
27.5
35.8

Boulder-Longmont
Denver

98.7
3.9
66 5

97.9
3.9
65 6

98.1
4.0
65 3

326.6
21.3
197 2

330.4
22.1
199.4

329.6
22.3
198.6

235.0
18.7
112.6

239.5
20.2
114.9

239.6
19.4
114.7

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

142 3
10.7
76 2
39
147
11 4
4.1

148 6
11.6
79 5
43
152
122
4.2

148 9
11.7
79 7
44
15.2
122
4.2

376.0
44.6
102.6
12.7
65.4
37 3
19.6

393.6
47.2
107.9
13.8
68.2
39.5
21.9

393.6
47.1
107.7
13.8
68.1
39.6
22.0

188.0
16.7
55.6
5.8
28.8
9.7
11.5

193.3
16.5
56.1
6.0
29.9
9.5
11.6

191.2
16.3
55.6
5.9
29.8
9.5
11.6

23 6
21.3

25 4
23.4

25 4
23.4

68 8
60.5

72.5
64.0

72.3
64.0

45.5
35.4

46.7
36.5

46.5
36.2

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

36.4
117.2

37.1
122.5

36.7
122.0

221.3
623.8

228.1
644.5

227.3
642.3

280.2
555.4

277.6
564.5

276.7
561.9

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melboume-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
..
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St Petersburg-Clearwater
...
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

343.1
6.4
37.0
7.8
42
35.6
8.1
5.3
68.2
30 7
5.5
8.2
45
62.1
25.4

357.5
6.5
38.2
8.7
4 1
37.3
8.1
5.2
70.0
32 9
5.7
8.1
46
64.0
27.6

357.6
6.5
38.2
8.6
4 1
37.5
8.0
5.3
70.2
33 0
5.7
8.1
4.6
64.0
27.6

1,199.4
28.5
115.9
26.5
20.1
90.2
30.4
39.1
211.3
144.0
29.0
26.5
20.5
203.8
82.7

1,269.9
29.5
120.6
29.1
21.2
94.7
33.8
40.8
215.1
156.7
29.8
29.4
21.2
214.8
90.1

1,271.8
29.2
119.6
29.0
21.4
95.5
33.6
40.8
214.4
156.6
29.9
29.6
21.3
214.9
89.9

650.7
15.9
50.1
13.3
31.3
50.7
16.2
19.7
97.1
45.2
25.8
10.6
41.4
90.8
32.0

686.6
17.1
52.6
14.4
33.6
54.3
17.8
20.7
104.4
49.6
26.1
11.2
43.5
95.5
36.0

676.6
16.9
52.0
14.3
33.0
54.2
17.1
20.1
103.8
48.6
25.9
11.2
42.6
92.8
35.2

..

.

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
.
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

...

Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

94




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987?

2,689.4
47.5
60.5
1,342.0
151.3
90.1
115.7
100.0

2,747.1
47.7
62.7
1,384.9
151.6
90.4
117.7
101.0

2,752.6
48.2
62.7
1,385.7
151.5
90.6
117.6
100.5

Hawaii
Honolulu .

438.6
351.4

451.1
362.3

Idaho
Boise City .

333.3
87.9

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline..
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

Aug.
1986

Aug.
1987P

July
1987

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

158.4
2.2
2.9
80.1
8.8
5.4
5.3
7.1

158.7
2.2
2.8
80.3
8.9
5.2
5.2
7.2

(1)

(1)

0

162.0
2.1
2.8
82.0
9.2
5.4
5.2
7.6

450.9
361.2

01
()

(1)

(1)
O

19.8
16.2

21.7
17.8

21.5
17.6

336.7
89.3

337.7
88.9

2.8

(2)

(2)

(2)

16.9
5.3

16.9
5.3

17.3
5.5

4,803.6
130.9
51.8
75.5
2,954.2
153.6
49.9
90.6
32.8
176.4
130.7
124.7
100.3

4,873.0
134.9
52.3
79.1
3,016.7
154.4
49.4
92.6
32.9
182.7
132.3
122.6
93.4

4,883.6
135.3
52.7
76.9
3,011.8
154.8
49.4
93.2
32.9
182.3
132.0
123.5
98.9

25.4
(1)
(1)
(1)
3.3
(1)

24.9
(1)
(1)
(1)
3.4
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

24.9
(1)
1
()
(1)
3.4
(1)

199.3
5.7
1.5
2.3
121.5
4.9
1.7
4.6
1.2
7.5
5.6
4.0
2.9

192.1
6.1
1.5
2.3
127.5
4.9
1.7
4.4
1.2
7.0
5.8
4.0
2.6

195.5
6.2
1.5
2.2
127.6
4.9
1.7
4.6
1.2
7.0
5.8
4.1
2.6

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka.
Terre Haute

2,236.9
48.3
47.6
92.5
122.7
177.0
206.0
584.7
43.9
57.0
46.6
105.3
50.8

2,299.7
47.1
49.5
97.1
125.2
184.4
218.3
604.0
44.5
59.6
47.7
107.9
50.4

2,315.2
47.6
50.4
97.4
125.2
184.9
216.2
607.5
45.1
58.6
47.1
108.5
50.6

9.1

108.0
1.5
2.1
2.7
9.1
9.2
11.8
31.1
1.3
2.3
1.9
5.1
1.8

122.5
1.5
2.4
3.0
8.9
10.0
13.0
34.2
1.4
2.6
2.2
5.7
2.0

124.7
1.6
2.5
3.1
9.0
10.1
12.6
34.9
1.4
2.6
2.2
5.8
2.0

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls .

1,074.5
81.1
199.5
40.3
47.2
48.6
54.5

1,097.9
81.9
204.9
41.2
47.4
49.6
59.3

1,096.6
81.5
205.8
41.5
48.6
49.6
59.6

2.1
.2

42.7
3.3
8.5
1.4
1.5
1.9
2.0

44.3
3.5
7.8
1.3
1.9
2.0
2.0

43.8
3.7
7.9
1.3
1.9
2.0
2.0

981.1
28.9
84.5
204.8

987.8
29.0
84.8
214.6

988.0
30.1
85.0
214.2

12.2

o 2.5

49.0
1.2
4.1
11.0

46.5
1.4
4.0
12.4

46.7
1.4
3.9
12.6

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette..
Louisville
Owensboro

1,274.8
167.4
426.5
32 8

1,294.5
169.5
436.6
32.2

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux .
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,499.6
45.3
210.6
53.7
84.9
56.9
55.3
513.4
134.0
493.6
37.9
119.5

Georgia
Albany.....
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins....
Savannah

Kansas
Lawrence .
Topeka
Wichita

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn.
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.




.1
1.6
.5
.1
.1

(1)

0

2.7

2.8

o
(1)

0

.8

.8

(2)
.4

.5

1

1

()

()
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

O
(1)
0
O

.4

2.2
.2

2.2
.2
()

.8
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

1

2.2
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

(2)
(*)
(2)
(2)

8.7
(2)
(2)
(2)

2.3

2.3
(2)
(*)

O
(11)
(1)
()
(11)
(1)
()

8.6
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)

.2
1.7
.5
.1
.1

.2
1.7
.5
.1
.1

0

O
(11)
(1)
(1)
()

8.9

8.8

8.6
(1)

0
(1)
0
(1)

2.2

12.2
(1)
(1)
2.3

1,298.1
170.3
435.2
32.5

40.5
.9
.7
.9

39.8
1.1
.7
1.1

39.8
1.1
.7
1.1

62.0
11.3
22.9
2.1

65.5
13.3
24.2
2.2

66.5
13.4
24.6
2.2

1,486.9
45.6
211.8
52.8
82.2
59.7
55.4
510.7
129.9

1,483.6
45.5
211.8
52.6
82.4
58.7
54.5
512.0
129.0

59.8
.2
1.0
6.0
11.1
1.3
.4
16.0
3.6

60.6
.2
1.0
6.3
11.0
1.3
.7
17.1
3.2

60.4
.2
1.0
6.2
•11.0
1.3
g
17.0
3.3

91.3
2.8
20.2
1.7
3.8
5.1
3.4
25.6
8.3

83.9
2.8
19.7
1.4
2.9
4.9
2.9
23.8
8.0

85.0
2.8
19.9
1.4
3.2
4.9
2.8
24.3
8.2

500.7
38.3
120.6

508.5
39.0
121.8

.2

30.9
2.0
8.0

32.5
2.1
8.3

32.9
2.2
8.4

11.0

01
()

.1

.1
(1)

0)

0

0)
0

(1)
(1)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

State and area
Aug.
1986
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Wamer Robins.
Savannah

July
1987

Aug.
1987p

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987*

563.4
8.7
15.3
189.9
36.0
19.8
19.4
16.6

568.0
8.6
15.6
190.7
36.1
19.5
20.0
17.0

570.8
8.5
15.8
191.3
36.3
19.7
20.0
17.0

168.7
2.2
1.7
110.2
5.0
3.5
5.0
10.0

171.2
2.2
1.7
112.6
5.1
3.4
5.1
9.7

171.1
2.2
1.7
112.7
5.1
3.4
5.1
9.5

676.0
12.4
12.5
370.2
32.9
20.0
25.3
24.0

697.4
12.6
12.7
387.6
33.3
20.4
25.2
24.0

696.6
12.5
12.7
386.8
33.2
20.4
25.2
23.9

Honolulu .

22.7
16.8

22.7
16.8

22.5
16.6

34.1
27.9

34.6
28.2

34.5
28.1

117.0
92.0

120.7
95.2

119.9
94.5

Idaho
Boise City .

50.5
10.3

55.6
10.9

53.5
10.9

18.6
5.5

18.5
5.9

18.6
5.9

85.1
22.5

85.1
22.9

84.9
22.7

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline.
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

922.8
35.7
4.7
7.5
545.8

930.3
36.4
5.1
7.7

932.0
36.7

3.9

5.4
39.9
30.9
43.5
3.8

3.9

278.7
4.7
2.8
2.1
188.1
8.2
4.5
8.7
1.5
6.0
6.5
4.5
4.7

282.5
5.2
2.9
1.9
192.5
8.3
4.6
8.4
1.4
6.5
6.6
4.5
4.8

283.8
5.3
2.9
1.9
193.8
8.4
4.6
8.4
1.4
6.3
6.6
4.5
4.8

1,189.1
35.8
12.4
19.0
730.6
42.3
11.1
22.4
8.1
45.3
32.5
28.4
21.5

1,232.7
36.9
12.4
19.3
744.8
42.3
11.0
22.4
8.0
46.5
33.7
28.5
19.3

1,238.4
37.0
12.5
19.3
745.9
42.3
11.1
22.5
8.0
46.6
33.3
28.5
21.4

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka.
Terre Haute

603.3
18.4
8.1
49.7
29.3
48.9
50.3
107.1
19.0
11.2
10.8
23.9
10.7

606.3
16.7
8.6
52.2
30.0
50.3
55.1
106.1
18.5
11.5
10.5
23.1
10.1

612.0
17.1
8.7
52.2
29.9
50.3
55.6
106.4
19.1
11.3
10.3
23.8
10.1

113.8
1.4
1.7
2.8
6.5
11.6
13.8
35.0
1.4
1.6
2.2
4.8
2.6

117.9

118.4

1.4
1.7
2.8

1.4

535.4
10.8
11.3
18.1
30.8
43.1
50.8
149.6
9.5
12.3
12.0
27.7
14.2

558.1
11.2
12.0
18.8
31.6
45.6
52.1
154.7
10.1
12.5
12.1
28.8
14.2

560.8
11.2
12.3
19.0
31.8
45.9
52.3
155.5
10.1
12.6
12.1
28.9
14.3

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls.

202.6
22.5
21.6
11.7
3.7
9.9
9.2

212.1
22.5
22.4

213.2
22.2
22.7

12.2
4.0

12.4
4.0
8.4
13.2

52.6
4.2
11.9
1.7
1.1
3.3
1.8

53.3
4.2
12.1
1.6
1.3
3.8
1.7

53.7
4.2
12.2
1.6
1.3
3.8
1.8

282.8
20.4
53.1
9.4

281.6
20.4
53.1
10.0
9.1
12.6
14.3

280.5
20.5
53.4
10.1
9.1
12.8
14.6

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

176.4
4.6
9.3
55.1

180.0
4.5

62.1
1.3
6.8
9.7

63.1
1.3
6.6
9.9

63.2
1.3
6.6

247.4
6.6

251.3
6.7
19.3
50.4

251.7
6.8
19.4
50.2

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette.
Louisville
Owensboro

252.6
27.5
86.6

258.0

258.9

27.6

70.1
7.1

85.4
6.3

70.9
7.1
27.2
2.4

305.5
39.2

85.1
6.0

68.0
7.7
26.4
2.3

301.6

27.6

105.1
8.4

39.7
103.8
7.7

304.2
40.3
104.5
7.7

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux .
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

165.9
3.3

168.1
3.4

105.8
2.5

19.1
4.3
5.7
11.0
7.1
42.0
18.4

10.5
5.9
6.7
3.7
2.9

107.3
2.3
10.7
5.9
6.5
3.8
2.6

19.0

167.1
3.4
18.9
4.3
5.7
10.9
7.0
42.2
18.4

43.0
8.6

42.4
7.9

106.8
2.3
10.6
5.9
6.4
3.7
2.7
42.3
7.9

367.6
10.7
52.1
13.7
22.9
13.9
15.6
136.4
31.7

359.2
11.0
52.8
13.8
21.8
13.8
15.0
132.6
29.7

359.4
10.9
53.1
13.8
21.9
13.7
14.7
133.4
29.9

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn...
Portland

106.5
10.3
16.8

98.6
9.6
15.0

104.6
10.0
15.4

20.1
1.4
6.3

19.8
1.4
6.4

19.9
1.3
6.4

123.8

129.9

9.0
35.5

9.2
36.5

131.1
9.4

See footnotes at end of table.

96




32.6
14.0
17.1
5.3
39.7
31.2
45.7

5.9

18.9

5.1
5.7
8.7
7.3
43.3

538.4
33.5

13.4
19.4

8.7

13.4

9.4
59.6

5.1
7.6
539.7
33.8

13.4
19.4
5.4
40.2
31.1
44.3

180.4
4.5
9.2

59.5

6.5
12.0
14.0
37.0
1.4
1.6
2.2
5.0
2.6

26.7
2.4

1.7

2.9
6.5
12.0
14.0
37.2
1.4
1.6
2.2
5.0
2.6

9.1
12.2
14.5

18.9
49.3

36.8

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987?

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

4.4

513.8
8.0
9.1
311.8
29.4
15.5
20.4
22.9

535.6
8.2
9.6
326.8
28.8
15.5
20.7
23.1

537.3
8.4
9.6
327.5
28.8
15.6
20.7
22.9

448.1
11.6
17.0
180.0
32.3
19.6
32.9
14.3

456.1
11.4
17.9
186.9
33.0
19.8
33.6
15.7

457.4
11.9
17.9
186.7
32.8
19.9
33.5
15.6

33.8
28.7

33.9
28.8

119.2
92.8

123.9
97.1

124.8
97.2

92.7
77.6

93.7
78.5

93.8
78.4

24.0
8.7

24.5
8.6

24.5
8.6

69.2
19.6

66.2
19.5

69.2
19.2

66.2
16.0

67.2
16.2

66.9
16.1

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

352.9
6.8
9.2
3.2
254.6
7.9
2.8
3.9
1.6
6.5
7.0
5.4
7.8

358.4
6.9
9.4
3.2
261.3
8.1
2.7
3.8
1.6
6.6
7.1
5.6
7.9

358.9
6.8
9.4
3.2
261.1
8.1
2.7
3.9
1.6
6.5
7.1
5.6
7.9

1,148.6
28.7
11.3
14.9
770.5
30.8
10.6
19.6
8.1
42.6
32.6
25.1
26.9

1,160.3
29.9
11.5
14.9
792.5
30.2
10.6
19.3
8.6
46.0
33.1
24.6
23.1

1,165.1
30.1
11.4
15.0
793.9
30.2
10.6
19.5
8.6
46.0
33.1
24.6
25.5

686.8
13.4
9.9
26.5
339.8
26.9
5.2
14.1
7.0
28.1
15.3
11.6
32.5

691.8
13.4
9.5
29.8
356.3
27.1
5.4
14.7
6.7
29.5
15.1
11.9
31.8

685.0
13.1
9.9
27.7
346.4
27.1
5.3
14.7
6.7
29.0
15.0
11.9
32.7

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

113.1
1.6
1.8
2.4
5.0
11.9
8.1
44.2
1.3
3.0
1.6
5.7
1.8

117.6
1.6
1.8
2.4
5.1
12.1
8.4
46.0
1.4
3.1
1.6
5.9
1.9

117.9
1.6
1.9
2.5
5.2
12.1
8.3
46.0
1.4
3.1
1.6
5.9
1.9

431.6
9.1
7.5
12.2
28.7
35.7
43.9
129.7
6.1
10.9
10.0
28.0
10.3

446.5
9.2
8.0
12.8
29.6
37.1
45.6
138.0
6.6
11.3
10.3
29.0
10.6

449.9
9.3
8.0
12.9
29.7
37.4
45.6
138.8
6.7
11.2
10.5
29.1
10.6

322.8
5.5
15.1
4.6
11.0
16.6
27.3
87.2
5.3
15.6
8.1
10.1
8.9

322.2
5.6
14.9
5.1
11.3
17.3
30.1
87.1
5.1
17.1
8.7
10.4
8.6

322.8
5.4
15.3
4.9
10.9
17.1
27.8
87.7
5.0
16.2
8.1
10.0
8.7

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

63.7
4.7
25.8
1.4
1.5
2.6
3.2

65.3
4.6
27.5
1.5
1.8
2.6
3.3

65.3
4.5
27.6
1.5
1.8
2.6
3.3

237.5
17.8
50.4
11.7
7.5
12.6
13.6

240.2
18.0
53.1
11.6
7.6
13.5
13.9

240.9
18.0
53.3
11.6
7.6
13.6
14.1

190.4
8.0
28.1
3.0
22.7
6.1
10.1

198.9
8.5
28.8
3.0
21.5
6.4
10.7

197.1
8.2
28.6
3.0
22.7
6.4
10.6

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

55.1
1.0
5.9
10.9

56.3
1.1
6.3
11.4

56.1
1.1
6.4
11.3

194.1
5.3
18.8
42.9

199.7
5.4
19.7
44.8

199.7
5.4
19.6
44.8

186.0
8.9
20.6
23.7

178.7
8.6
19.4
23.8

178.0
9.6
19.8
23.4

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

61.4
9.1
28.1
1.4

63.2
9.1
29.6
1.4

63.0
9.1
29.4
1.4

260.3
38.5
98.5
7.3

270.0
37.3
104.6
7.3

268.9
37.2
104.2
7.4

224.5
33.2
58.2
4.5

226.3
34.3
61.9
4.1

225.9
34.5
59.2
4.0

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

85.9
2.7
14.0
2.5
4.1
2.8
4.5
34.0
7.8

84.6
2.7
13.5
2.4
3.9
2.8
4.5
33.8
7.6

84.3
2.7
13.5
2.4
3.9
2.8
4.5
33.4
7.6

315.9
11.0
41.2
8.5
18.0
10.9
11.2
130.6
31.4

315.6
11.1
42.5
8.6
17.8
10.8
11.5
130.3
31.7

316.1
11.0
42.1
8.7
17.9
10.8
11.4
131.4
31.5

307.4
12.1
52.7
10.3
12.6
10.5
10.0
84.5
23.6

308.6
12.1
52.7
10.1
12.6
11.4
11.2
88.5
23.4

303.5
12.2
52.5
9.9
12.4
10.5
10.8
88.2
22.2

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

23.5
2.1
11.3

24.5
2.2
12.1

24.5
2.2
12.2

111.0
9.5
28.2

116.0
10.2
29.3

116.6
10.4
29.6

77.7
3.6
13.4

79.3
3.6
13.0

78.7
3.5
13.0

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

148.8
2.5
2.0
96.3
5.9
6.3
7.4
4.5

151.6
2.5
2.0
98.4
6.1
6.3
7.7
4.5

151.9
2.5
2.1
98.6
6.0
6.3

Hawaii
Honolulu

33.1
28.1

Idaho
Boise City

in

See footnotes at end of table.




97

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area

Aug.
1987*

July
1987

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C. .

1,965.1
1,058.3
454.0
689.5

1,994.5

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster .
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

2,981.2
1,661.0
70.0
54.6
38.8
157.2
102.2
65.2
43.5
227.9
187.5

3,043.2
1,709.8
72.3
54.7
160.1
103.6
65.1
44.2
238.4
193.3

3,049.7
1,707.6
72.8
56.3
39.6
161.1
104.0
65.9
44.6
237.4
193.9

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .

3,628.9
153.4
55.2
62.8
1,841.5
180.5
298.3
49.3
98.2
191.9
56.8
150.9

3,640.0
158.3

3,665.2
158.6

56.2
63.5

56.3
63.7

1,851.8
171.7
302.1
49.7
100.4
191.0
56.8
154.5

1,859.6
172.2
304.4
50.1
102.2
194.5

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul ....
Rochester
St. Cloud

1,902.4
82.4
1,235.4
55.4
64.3

1,948.3
84.9
1,258.5
56.9

1,961.6
84.7

834.7
168.3

851.0
172.1

852.9
172.7

6.2
1.0

2,141.2
719.0
35.4
1,098.6
102.6

2,143.3

5.5
.5

1,101.1
104.0

2,149.6
712.8
35.0
1,104.4
104.4

3.6
.1

3.5
.1

277.4

273.6

275.1

5.9

6.5

Mississippi.
Jackson ....
Missouri
Kansas City..
St. Joseph....
St. Louis
Springfield ....
Montana ...

1,071.4
462.9

714.0

39.0

713.0
35.3

Aug.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Aug.
1986

1,990.1
1,067.5
462.7
712.3

57.2
157.0

1,259.1
56.9
66.4

July
1987

o
o1

.1
.2
.2




92.6
4.6
56.5
2.3
5.2

94.9
4.9
57.2
2.5
5.3

6.3
1.1

6.4
1.1

37.1
9.1

36.4
9.1

36.5
8.8

5.6
.6

5.6
.6

103.5
36.1

3.5
.1

107.6
37.3
1.6
60.8
4.6

106.1
36.7
1.8
57.7
4.7

6.6

12.3

10.;

10.7

27.8
4.
13.8

25.3
4.0
13.8

25.3
4.0
13.8

29.9
17.6
7.8

32.3
19.;

32.8
19.4
8.4

35.5
4.7
5.9

37.5
5.5

38.2
5.5
5.1

165.0
9.9
30.3
21.
6.4
23.1
20.;
37.0
5.;
2.5

178.;
11.'
32/
24.3
7.0
22.9
21.9
40.3
5.
2.8

179.9
11.7
32.5
25.0
7.0
23.1
21.8
40.6
5.7
2.7

()

O
O1
()
0)1
()
V)

o

0)
(*)

6.9
4.0

0)

()
(*)

2

6.5

98

87.4
4.1
55.9
2.2
4.0

11.5

6.4
3.2

507.0
285.7
134.3

See footnotes at end of table.

7.1
4.2

11.5

1

505.5
285.1
133.9

3,606.6
184.7
656.4
419.0
244.3
505.2
330.9
959.1
193.0
56.3

149.7
6.1
1.9
1.7
77.2
5.7
16.8
1.6
3.6
6.0
2.1
6.8

.1
.2
.2

()

476.5
264.5
129.4

3,612.3
184.5
655.1
419.5
241.6
506.8
331.8
962.9
193.0
56.0

14.9
1.4
3.4
6.5
2.4
6.5

146.2
6.2
1.9
1.7
76.5
5.7
16.6
1.6
3.4
5.5
2.1
6.6

0
.1
.2
.2

0)
V)
V)

Nevada
Las Vegas ....
Reno

3,519.0
177.7
645.3
409.0
239.3
493.5
321.2
943.2
187.3
55.0

125.7
5.8
1.6
1.5
67.4
6.4

0)

()

()
0
(1)
O
(1)
V)

2.0

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ...
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

139.1
73.3
5.5
3.1
2.4
9.8
6.0
4.1
2.3
10.3
10.0

O
1

1

663.2
107.7
297.1

514.7
90.1
109.8

136.4
71.9
5.2
3.0
2.3
9.6
5.9
4.0
2.5
10.1

()

o

10.2

0)

662.2
108.0
296.4

510.9
90.1
109.7

132.3
69.1
4.1
2.4
2.3
9.1
5.4
3.3
2.1
9.1
9.2

2.2
1.0

2.2
1.0

O
(1)
O
(1)

654.6
106.1
293.6

496.6
86.7
108.1

148.0
71.6
18.9
63.8

1.7
.2

V)

Nebraska.
Lincoln ....
Omaha....

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.NH-ME .

147.9
71.9
18.6
64.5

V)
1.9
.8

2.0

2.0

O

0)

.6
.1
.1

O

)
.1
.1

V)
O

2.4

2.4

2.3

O

Aug.
1987P

July
1987

146.4
69.3
18.8
62.5

1.7
.2

1.7
.2

Aug.
1986

0)

V)
V)

.1
.1

1.8
56.5
4.6

8.;

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

Manufacturing
State and area
Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987?

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C. . ..

210.3
134.1
47.2
34.9

207.7
130.9
45.2
35.4

208.5
131.9
45.4
35.3

90.3
53.7
27.4
23.8

94.1
55.5
27.5
25.9

93.7
55.1
27.0
25.9

504.7
261.6
97.2
184.5

515.4
264.9
97.8
193.0

515.4
264.1
98.1
191.9

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

610.3
291.8
11 3
17.1
12.8
52.7
37.2
19.9
12.0
51.0
45 6

593.3
285.0
10.8
15.2
12.5
49.9
36.5
19.4
11.3
52.6
44.5

599.7
286.2
10.9
16.3
12.8
50.4
36.7
20.1
11.8
52.3
45.0

123.4
72.3
4.9
1.6
1.3
6.3
3.1
3.2
1.1
8.7
8.0

127.2
74.4
4.8
1.9
1.3
6.5
2.9
3.3
1.0
8.9
8.0

126.9
74.2
4.9
1.9
1.3
6.6
2.9
3.4
1.0
9.0
7.9

709.3
371.9
20.9
14.3
9.8
35.4
21.3
15.3
11.3
53.7
46.6

724.0
388.0
21.8
15.1
10.1
38.1
21.2
15.2
11.5
56.0
49.5

723.6
386.6
21.8
15.6
10.2
38.2
21.3
15.2
11.6
56.5
49.5

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kaiarna7oo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

989.1
38 4
15.4
21.8
486.5
65.2
94.0
12.8
27.7
37.4
17.9
45.0

926.2
37.3
16.0
21.4
444.5
54.0
92.5
12.5
27.6
33.3
17.8
43.8

944.7
37.4
16.0
21.3
453.5
53.7
94.1
12.9
29.0
36.0
17.9
45.5

148.9
4.7
1.8
2.5
83.1
4.5
10.8
4.2
3.4
5.4
2.7
7.2

150.5
4.8
1.8
2.6
85.5
4.5
11.0
4.2
3.5
5.1
2.5
7.2

150.4
4.9
1.8
2.6
84.8
4.5
10.9
4.2
3.5
5.1
2.5
7.2

829.4
24.8
10.5
12.4
428.5
43.5
75.0
10.8
22.8
39.3
12.4
34.8

845.9
27.3
10.7
12.8
441.4
43.5
76.5
11.1
23.4
39.0
12.5
35.7

849.9
27.4
10.7
12.9
441.7
44.4
77 A
11.1
23.5
39.0
12.6
35.4

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St Paul
Rochester
St Cloud

378.2
7.4
252.9
11.0
11 6

375.9
7.3
253.1
10.7
11 8

381.7
7.3
254.1
10.7
11 7

96.9
5.8
66.6
1.6
3.6

98.2
5.4
66.1
1.6
3.7

98.1
5.4
66.1
1.6
3.7

479.5
22.1
306.8
11.3
20.0

486.3
22.1
310.1
11.6
21.1

491.5
22.2
312.0
11.6
21.2

....

223.1
20.4

221.4
20.4

225.0
20.7

39.7
11.1

40.1
11.3

40.3
11.3

183.8
41.7

188.6
42.6

188.7
42.6

.

421 6
119.2
9.1
218 0
21.0

414.1
109.7
9.2
2169
19.6

417.5
108.6
9.1
219 7
20.3

140.6
54.4
2.0
74.2
6.7

142.6
54.7
1.9
75.2
6.8

142.6
54.7
1.9
74.9
6.8

515.1
181.3
8.7
263.4
28.1

512.1
182.0
8.6
261.7
28.9

514.6
182.7
8.6
263.2
28.8

22 1

21.8

21.9

20.6

20.2

20.2

75.4

73.2

73.6

86 5
13.0
32.6

86 3
13.3
32.6

86 8
13.4
32.8

43 6
6.0
23.0

44.6
6.0
24.1

45.1
6.0
24.5

170.0
24.6
75.6

174.2
25.0
78.1

174.8
25.0
78.4

22.6
8.2
8.3

23.7
8.7
85

23.7
8.7
85

27.2
15.3
8.8

27.8
15.8
8.9

27.7
15.8
8.9

96.3
55.1
29.2

102.1
58.7
30.4

102.6
59.0
30.5

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester NH-ME

117.3
35 7
20.2

116.3
36 2
19.1

118.3
36 4
19.1

16.7
2.0
2.8

16.9
2.1
3.1

16.9
2.1
3.1

125.4
19.5
30.5

130.1
20.5
31.0

131.1
20.4
31.1

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

690.2
8.2
162.4
75 6
53.0
112.0
30.7
185.0
31.3
15.4

676.3
8.2
156.7
73 1
51.3
113.3
29.8
184.7
31.5
15.3

679.1
8.4
158.9
72 9
52.4
114.0
29.7
185.2
31.6
15.4

228.9
6.1
28.2
172
30.4
39.5
15.4
80.1
5.9
2.2

229.7
6.1
29.0
17.3
29.4
40.4
16.0
78.5
6.2
2.1

230.9
6.2
29.0
17.3
29.9
40.2
15.7
79.2
6.2
2.1

840.4
44.3
183.1
106.5
57.2
118.5
91.2
191.8
30.3
10.9

871.1
45.6
186.2
109.4
58.4
120.0
94.6
198.1
31.2
11.4

867.8
45.6
186.2
109.3
58.9
119.9
94.5
196.5
31.3
11.6

Mississippi

Jackson
Missouri . . .
Kansas City
St Joseph
St Louis
Springfield
Montana

.

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

....

. .
...

.

See footnotes at end of table.




99

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

(Sovemment

Services

State and area
Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987?

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987^

120.7
73 1
45.2
39.4

122.8
75.3
46.2
40.9

122.6
75.1
46.1
40.7

517.6
268.8
132.5
200.3

530.8
273.1
137.5
207.5

527.9
273.3
137.4
205.7

373.4
197.5
85.7
143.7

374.1
199.4
90.2
146.4

372.3
196.1
89.9
148.6

210 2
143.5
3.1
29
1.6
6.1
4.1
2.6
2.1
16.2
12.8

219.7
150.1
3.3
3.0
1.7
6.5
4.4
2.7
2.3
16.9
13.5

220 3
150.1
3.2
3.0
1.7
6.6
4.4
2.7
2.3
17.1
13.7

820.7
526.5
14.6
10.6
7.1
31.4
19.1
11.9
10.6
54.7
43.7

858.3
546.4
14.8
10.9
7.1
32.2
20.6
12.3
11.2
56.5
45.9

860.9
547.8
15.2
10.9
7.2
32.5
20.7
12.2
11.3
56.8
46.2

373.1
185.1
11.1
5.7
3.9
16.2
11.8
9.0
4.2
34.3
21.4

382.1
193.0
11.6
5.6
4.0
17.3
12.0
8.2
4.3
37.2
21.8

377.0
188.4
11.3
5.5
4.0
17.0
11.9
8.2
4.2
35.2
21.4

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon .
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

175.2
4.5
3.8
2.4
101.5
6.1
13.5
16
4.5
11.0
1.4
6.1

184.0
4.9
3.3
2.6
105.2
6.7
13.6
1.6
4.8
11.6
1.4
6.2

184.2
5.0
3.2
2.6
105.4
6.7
13.6
1.6
4.8
11.7
1.4
6.2

795.3
31.8
11.0
13.8
454.0
32.4
60.9
9.5
22.8
34.7
11.5
30.6

805.8
33.9
11.3
14.2
466.9
33.4
62.0
9.3
23.7
36.8
11.8
32.6

807.5
33.8
11.3
14.4
466.7
33.5
62.2
9.3
23.7
37.1
12.0
33.1

555.3
43.3
11.0
8.3
219.6
22.3
28.9
8.8
13.5
57.2
8.5
20.3

569.9
43.6
11.3
8.1
231.1
24.0
29.5
9.3
13.9
59.2
8.6
22.3

567.3
43.8
11.3
8.1
229.4
23.7
29.4
9.3
13.9
59.3
8.6
22.5

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St Cloud
.

117.9
3.2
91.1
1.6
2.4

122.4
3.1
94.5
1.6
2.5

122.6
3.1
94.6
1.6
2.5

452.7
20.4
307.2
22.7
12.3

471.9
20.8
317.4
23.6
12.3

474.8
20.7
317.6
23.6
12.2

283.6
16.2
154.0
5.0
10.3

294.1
17.6
159.9
5.5
10.2

290.9
17.0
156.7
5.3
9.9

37.9
13.7

39.1
14.2

39.2
14.3

130.6
36.0

139.9
37.0

136.9
37.2

176.2
35.5

179.2
36.4

180.0
36.6

132.2
57.1
1.9
71.8
5.2

137.0
57.7
1.9
73.7
5.2

137.1
57.6
1.9
73.7
5.2

502.3
162.7
6.8
276.8
26.1

511.7
165.6
6.6
285.5
26.4

515.3
166.0
6.5
287.1
26.9

316.3
106.5
5.3
130.0
10.8

316.7
106.6
5.3
128.1
12.4

310.8
105.9
5.2
124.6
11.6

13.4

13.4

13.3

64.4

64.8

65.0

63.3

63.5

63.8

133.5
28.7
41.0

132.9
28.0
40.9

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
LawrencG-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield.
.
Springfield
Worcester

...

.

..

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield
Montana

...

Nebraska ..
Lincoln
Omaha

47 7
77
28.9

49 1
80
30.4

49.0
79
30.6

148.0
22.3
78.3

147.2
23.0
76.2

147.3
23.4
75.9

129.0
28.3
41.2

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

23.1
13.7
69

24.3
14.6
72

24.5
14.7
72

212.5
125.3
52.9

227.6
137.7
54.8

228.3
137.9
55.1

58.4
29.0
14.8

60.4
30.1
15.1

60.2
29.9
14.9

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester NH-ME

29.3
33
5.9

31.3
37
6.5

31.3
38
6.5

113.7
16.1
20.2

118.9
16.5
21.6

119.1
16.4
21.6

58.1
5.3
22.5

59.3
5.5
23.1

59.2
5.4
23.2

213.6
7.1
35.1
22.3
9.9
33.2
17.1
74.5
9.0
2.8

224.8
7.5
38.2
23.7
11.0
34.3
18.0
77.4
9.4
2.9

224.9
7.5
38.0
23.8
11.1
34.2
18.1
77.0
9.4
2.9

853.6
75.5
142.5
95.9
41.0
98.0
88.1
240.1
52.5
9.7

894.6
80.6
148.0
100.1
42.8
104.4
91.9
247.5
54.5
9.9

893.0
80.2
148.6
99.8
43.1
103.9
92.0
247.1
54.4
10.0

525.1
26.5
63.6
69.8
41.3
68.5
58.3
133.9
53.2
11.2

535.2
25.0
64.5
71.5
41.7
70.9
59.5
135.7
54.5
11.2

528.6
25.0
63.1
70.8
41.9
69.3
59.0
132.8
54.4
11.2

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden ..
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
. .
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.

100




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area
Aug.
1986

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton .
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Oranae Countv
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

....
. ..

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

.

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
..
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

. .

....

<

Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster . . . .
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

-

. ..

.......

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

July
1987

Aug.
1986

Aug.
1986

Aug.
1987"

July
1987

Aug.
1987"

529.0
228.4
40.0
54.6

535.1
231.8
38.3
56.0

534.4
232.2
38.7
55.7

15.2
.2
.1
.1

15.1
.2
.1
.1

15.2
.2
.1
.1

37.0
17.8
2.7
3.4

35.8
17.1
2.9
3.5

35.9
17.1
2.9
3.5

7,910.7
394.5
116.3
421.3
35.9
48.1
1,1024
4,051.0
3,532.7
78.2
97.8
115.8
451 0
96.3
290.9
121.2
403.9

8,106.8
401.2
118.6
430.8
38.8
50.7
1,130.9
4,112.9
3,581.2
78.5
99.2
117.7
456.6
98.0
293.5
121.0
415.6

8,123.8
404.6
118.9
432.4
38.8
50.8
1,126.1
4,119.5
3,590.8
79.0
99.2
119.1
459.1
97.9
293.5
121.7
412.2

6.3
.3

6.4
.3

6.4
.3

359.1
21.9
5.9
18.5
1.8
2.6
60.3
155.1
118.7
3.3
5.4
7.2
18.7
5.4
16.0
4.6
29.3

366.8
22.7
6.1
19.0
1.9
2.7
60.5
157.6
121.1
3.3
5.5
7.2
19.4
5.5
16.6
4.8
29.2

2,710.0
77 4
543.3
444.6
365.3

2,792.0
77.2
559.4
450.7
375.0

249 2
36.5
66.3
28.0

.8

.8

.8

.3
.2
.3

.3
.2
.3

.3
.2
.3

332.6
19.5
5.6
17.4
1.7
2.2
59.1
149.4
115.3
3.3
4.7
6.3
18.8
5.2
16.5
4.6
27.6

2,803.8
77.6
564.7
451.5
376.4

4.8
.1
.3
.3
.3

4.9
.1
.3
.3
.4

4.9
.1
.3
.3
.4

162.6
4.0
32.3
24.9
24.3

171.9
4.0
34.4
25.0
25.6

172.5
4.1
34.7
25.1
25.6

251 9
36.6
68.9
28.7

251.1
37.0
68.5
28.2

4.5
.2

4.1
.2

4.2
.2

13.9
1.8
4.0
2.1

12.8
1.8
3.9
2.1

13.3
1.9
4.1
2.1

4,488.4
257 1
152 8
655.3
887 6
631.9
420.6
271 5
187.8

4,576.6
262 9
154.8
678.2
910.0
653.4
428.7
282.3
187.2

4,596.8
263.4
156.2
684.2
908.0
657.7
431.3
284.0
189.1

22.3
.7
1.1
.4
1.2
.9
.4
.2
.6

20.6
.7
1.0
.4
.9
.9
.5
.2
.6

20.6
.6
1.1
.4
1.0
1.0
.5
.2
.6

179.1
9.8
6.0
28.4
28.4
26.8
16.9
10.8
8.0

190.8
11.0
7.2
30.7
29.0
29.6
19.8
11.5
9.3

195.3
11.2
7.3
31.6
29.4
30.1
20.3
11.8
9.4

1,119.4
22 1
32.3
399 7
299 4

1,123.2
21.5
32.1
397.4
300 5

1,124.4
21.4
31.7
397.3
300.5

53.6
1.3
.2
12.4
17.4

53.5
1.2
.2
11.6
17.2

53.9
1.2
.2
11.7
17.3

40.7
.9
1.4
14.5
12.4

40.9
.8
1.3
14.6
13.1

41.4
.9
1.3
15.1
12.9

1,063.1
98.2
525 8
95.5

1,098.7
102.0
550.9
97.1

1,106.2
102.2
554.7
99.0

1.5
.2
.6
.1

1.5
.2
.6
.1

1.5
.2
.6
.1

37.8
3.4
19.8
3.3

38.7
3.8
20.4
3.0

40.1
3.9
21.1
3.2

4,822.5
264.1
50.7
50.6
109 0
287.5
77 3
173.8
2,105.2
764.9
846.1

4,935.2
270.0
51.2
50.6
109 9
295.7
79.1
181.2
2,163.1
778.4
858.2

4,941.1
272.1
51.9
50.2
110.5
296.8
79.6
182.1
2,160.2
780.4
852.5

33.9

31.3
.6

31.0
.6

.3
.4
3.9
.4
1.2

.3
.4
3.8
.4
1.2

6.6

6.9

226.6
12.1
2.9
3.7
3.8
11.9
3.3
9.9
102.8
19.9
45.4

244.6
13.3
3.1
4.2
3.8
12.5
3.7
11.2
109.7
19.3
46.5

248.0
13.4
3.1
4.0
4.2
12.5
3.8
11.4
110.5
19.3
46.5

.4

.4

0

(1)

.4
(1)

.2
1.4
.8

.2
1.3
.7

O

.2
1.2
.6

O

0
O

l2\

i2)

.3
.4
3.9
.4
1.2
6.5

See footnotes at end of table.




101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
ManufacturingJ

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Aug.
1986

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

July
1987

Aug.
1987»

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987"

38.0
19.9
3.9
1.6

39.2
19.7
3.7
1.6

40.0
19.9
3.9
1.6

28.6
12.1
1.2
1.2

27.7
12.2
1.1
1.1

27.9
12.2
1.2
1.1

129.6
59.2
7.8
10.7

131.0
60.6
7.7
11.1

131.3
61.0
7.8
11.3

1,242.6
49.8
37.4
76.1
6.6
9.9
180.0
470.8
388.2
23.8
15.4
32.2
138.0
15.8
54.3
25.1
65.1

1,205.3
47.5
37.0
75.2
7.8
10.4
174.3
459.2
372.9
23.0
14.8
30.6
134.2
15.7
52.5
23.6
68.7

1,216.2
47.6
37.2
75.5
7.8
10.2
175.1
465.7
381.0
23.3
14.8
30.5
135.5
15.7
52.5
23.9
67.2

372.2
15.2
4.0
20.2
1.1
1.5
40.2
224.2
201.9
3.5
5.5
2.9
13.8
3.8
16.3
4.3
17.9

402.2
16.3
4.3
21.5
1.2
1.6
47.2
238.8
213.5
3.7
5.5
3.4
14.1
4.0
16.9
4.7
20.7

402.0
16.3
4.3
21.5
1.2
1.6
47.2
238.4
213.1
3.7
5.5
3.4
14.2
4.0
16.8
4.8
20.7

1,683.0
84.7
24.6
105.2
10.2
12.2
300.9
757.3
632.5
17.9
26.1
21.4
96.5
22.9
70.3
26.5
97.5

1,725.4
85.7
26.1
108.2
10.7
12.5
307.9
762.7
636.5
18.6
26.7
22.2
98.9
23.6
71.9
26.4
98.2

1,726.1
86.6
26.2
108.8
10.8
12.6
307.8
761.3
635.3
18.7
26.6
24.1
99.4
23.6
72.7
26.7
98.0

834.2
20.2
148.6
152.8
58.8

847.2
19.6
151.2
151.9
57.5

853.6
19.8
152.7
152.8
57.3

134.5
3.6
46.5
24.7
17.9

135.5
3.7
48.7
25.6
18.5

135.7
3.7
49.1
25.6
18.5

613.2
17.4
130.5
100.0
75.5

633.7
17.5
132.8
103.5
77.2

636.0
17.4
133.8
103.6
77.7

15.3
2.0
4.9
1.2

16.2
2.0
5.1
1.7

15.6
2.0
5.0
1.2

15.9
2.7
4.2
1.5

16.1
2.7
4.2
1.3

16.3
2.7
4.2
1.3

67.7
9.8
20.4
7.9

67.6
9.8
20.9
8.0

67.9
9.9
20.8
8.1

1,107.4
66.1
44.2
148.7
204.1
106.3
106.5
64.1
51.5

1,078.8
64.2
41.7
145.6
202.8
102.3
104.1
61.7
45.5

1,091.8
64.4
42.4
149.0
203.0
102.6
104.7
62.7
47.5

209.9
13.2
5.8
34.6
41.6
27.6
14.9
14.2
7.9

212.1
13.5
6.1
34.8
41.9
29.0
15.1
14.8
8.0

212.5
13.5
6.1
34.9
41.9
29.3
15.2
14.9
8.1

1,079.9
63.9
38.7
167.3
215.8
157.5
95.3
67.0
46.7

1,107.5
66.0
39.9
175.0
219.5
162.1
97.9
69.7
48.0

1,113.6
66.0
40.5
176.1
219.4
163.6
98.5
70.0
48.1

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

157.3
1.5
3.3
45.8
51.2

158.5
1.7
3.3
48.7
49.5

159.6
1.6
3.3
48.9
49.7

64.8
2.3
1.4
20.0
22.8

62.7
2.1
1.1
19.9
22.8

62.6
2.1
1.0
20.0
22.9

279.3
6.5
8.8
103.1
73.3

274.6
6.3
8.4
97.4
74.2

274.8
6.1
8.5
97.4
74.1

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

205.6
19.0
91.5
18.0

211.1
19.7
94.1
18.6

212.3
20.1
94.9
19.4

57.2
4.0
33.1
2.5

57.9
4.1
34.1
2.5

57.9
4.0
34.2
2.5

273.5
26.1
141.0
21.3

280.8
26.5
147.3
21.8

285.1
26.7
149.1
21.9

1,048.7
78.5
11.4
11.2
34.4
51.3
13.0
59.4
381.9
99.1
127.8

1,036.3
75.9
11.2
9.9
34.2
51.8
13.0
60.3
378.3
97.4
125.9

1,041.7
76.9
11.3
9.8
34.4
52.2
13.2
60.7
376.8
97.3
126.5

237.0
14.2
4.8
5.0
4.1
18.1
4.7
6.9
95.8
44.8
43.6

239.4
14.2
4.9
5.0
4.0
18.0
4.5
7.4
97.0
46.5
43.0

240.0
14.3
4.9
5.0
4.0
18.1
4.5
7.4
97.3
46.6
43.1

1,102.9
59.2
12.5
11.3
23.6
64.3
16.4
42.5
484.6
146.8
215.1

1,144.2
60.9
12.8
11.5
23.9
68.0
16.7
44.9
504.2
149.5
219.6

1,148.9
61.4
13.1
11.6
24.1
68.1
16.8
45.3
504.1
149.4
219.4

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.

102




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
3overnment

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987^

26.9
14.4
1.6
21

27.3
15.0
1.7
2.2

27.4
15.0
1.7
2.2

120.4
61.4
5.4
14.2

125.2
64.1
6.2
14.7

124.7
64.0
6.2
14.7

133.3
43.4
17.3
21.3

133.8
42.9
14.9
21.7

132.0
42.8
14.9
21.2

768.3
21.7
3.9
24.9
1.2
2.0
72.9
564.5
533.6
1.8
4.2
4.3
21.6
4.0
19.2
6.5
26.2

795.7
22.9
3.9
25.6
1.2
2.0
76.1
579.7
548.0
1.8
4.2
4.6
22.0
4.2
19.4
6.8
26.8

799.8
22.9
3.9
25.8
1.2
2.0
76.3
582.4
550.7
1.8
4.2
4.6
22.1
4.2
19.3
6.9
26.8

2,146.6
97.2
21.5
105.7
8.8
12.1
282.3
1,220.4
1,076.0
15.7
21.5
25.5
103.3
24.5
66.5
24.6
114.6

2,237.0
99.9
22.4
109.3
9.7
13.0
292.1
1,253.1
1,107.4
15.9
21.7
26.0
108.7
24.7
67.5
25.2
116.0

2,241.9
101.5
22.4
110.0
9.5
13.1
290.6
1,251.5
1,105.5
15.9
21.7
26.1
109.0
24.9
67.7
25.2
115.7

1,359.1
106.0
19.2
71.4
6.3
8.1
166.7
663.0
584.5
12.2
20.5
23.1
58.1
20.1
47.5
29.5
54.7

1,375.7
106.6
19.0
72.2
6.3
8.4
172.7
663.1
583.6
12.3
20.9
23.7
59.1
20.3
49.0
29.4
55.6

1,364.5
106.6
18.8
71.5
6.3
8.3
168.3
661.4
583.5
12.2
20.7
23.3
58.6
20.0
47.7
29.3
54.2

120.5
2.8
32.7
22.0
22.0

129.3
2.7
35.1
22.4
23.7

129.3
2.7
35.1
22.4
23.8

458.5
18.4
96.4
76.3
84.8

482.7
18.4
101.5
78.2
89.9

483.2
18.2
102.0
78.1
89.9

381.6
10.6
55.9
43.7
81.6

386.8
11.2
55.3
43.7
82.1

388.6
11.5
57.0
43.5
83.2

12.6
1.7
4.3
1 2

12.7
1.6
4.5
1.2

12.7
1.6
4.5
1.2

59.7
10.3
17.6
6.2

60.5
10.2
18.3
6.3

60.8
10.4
18.3
6.4

59.6
8.0
10.9
7.9

61.9
8.3
12.0
8.1

60.3
8.3
11.6
7.9

236.4
10 1
6.6
38.5
53.2
54 6
17.7
11.2
8.2

246.3
10.6
6.6
40.7
55.6
57 2
18.2
11.7
8.5

246.8
10.6
6.7
40.8
55.9
57.2
18.3
11.7
8.5

1,015.5
56.9
33.6
159.1
226.1
147.9
101.1
67.7
43.8

1,072.8
59.5
34.9
169.5
239.6
159.7
106.3
75.4
45.5

1,073.7
59.7
34.8
170.3
239.8
160.4
107.0
75.9
45.4

637.9
36.4
16.7
78.4
117.3
110.3
67.8
36.3
21.0

647.8
37.3
17.4
81.5
120.7
112.5
66.9
37.5
21.8

642.5
37.2
17.4
80.9
117.7
113.4
66.9
36.8
21.5

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton .
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

63 3
1 2
1.5
26.5
17.4

62 7
1.0
1.5
26.0
17.5

62 6
1.0
1.5
26.1
17.8

226.0
5.0
5.5
86.0
69.3

230.0
5.2
5.7
86.3
71.5

230.8
5.3
5.7
86.0
71.4

234.4
3.4
10.2
91.4
35.6

240.3
3.2
10.6
92.9
34.7

238.7
3.2
10.2
92.1
34.4

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

71.5
4.6
44.0
5.4

74.4
4.8
46.3
5.5

74.6
4.9
46.4
5.5

233.5
22.3
127.1
18.0

246.1
23.4
136.5
18.2

247.0
23.5
136.9
18.4

182.5
18.4
68.7
26.9

188.2
19.5
71.6
27.4

187.7
18.9
71.5
28.0

284.1
107
1.6
1.8
5.2
16.2
4.9
66
155.6
70.4
52.4

292.8
11 2
1.6
1.8
5.2
16.9
5.1
7.0
160.0
72.1
53.7

292.7
11.2
1.6
1.8
5.2
16.9
5.2
7.0
159.5
71.6
53.6

1.226.6
61.0
10.3
10.4
25.5
61.5
18.4
34.6
588.2
238.8
251.9

1,283.0
65.5
10.7
10.8
26.4
63.5
19.4
36.2
618.2
246.6
258.8

1,282.6
66.1
10.9
10.8
26.3
63.8
19.3
36.2
619.9
247.2
257.5

662.7
27.9
7.2
7.2
12.1
63.8
12.7
13.5
295.1
145.1
103.3

663.6
28.4
6.9
7.4
12.1
64.6
12.9
13.8
294.5
147.0
103.8

656.2
28.2
7.0
7.2
12.0
64.8
12.9
13.7
290.9
149.0
99.4

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
.
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

. ...

.

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron ...
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo .
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona ...
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

...

See footnotes at end of table.




103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area
Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre ...
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

143.0
286.5
40.1
49.7
47.7
164.0

145.9
286.7
41.3
50.1
50.0
167.7

147.4
286.9
41.2
51.0
50.3
169.3

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence

443.5
131.2
308.7

446.3
132.5
316.1

450.1
134.0
318.4

.2
.1
.1

1,342.6
181.8
215.8
297.0

1,377.2
187.9
213.4
299.5

1,386.4
188.1
214.0
301.9

1.6

253.9
34.4
63.6

255.4
34.6
62.9

255.0
34.5
63.8

2.7
.3

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol.
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

1,937.8
177.8
151.9
237.5
407.3
447.9

1,999.3
180.0
154.4
242.8
417.7
453.3

2,001.9
181.7
154.8
243.4
416.2
450.8

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission .
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

6,522.6
48.9
77.5
351.2
128.6
56.5

6,474.0
49.3
77.4
348.5
126.8
56.4

6,466.5
49.1
77.6
347.3
126.8

64.9
46.4

64.1

195.6
2.3
1.4
1.0
1.5
1.4
.1
.8
6.4
20.7
.2
3.6
.5
68.3
.1
1.8
3.7
3

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg .
South Dakota .
Rapid City
Sioux Falls ....

128.8

1,337.4
184.0

512.3
71.9
1,387.6
68.3
35.0
65.1
90.5
85.2

43.9
42.8
36.6
490.6
37.7
45.1
60.9
28.6
76.3

50.1

46.9
125.9
1,301.5
184.4

515.5
69.9
1,374.2
69.1

34.9
64.0
89.0
86.6
43.5
43.4
36.1
491.7
37.7
45.0
60.2
28.0
76.6
50.0

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden.,

631.4
69.9
444.7

637.9

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier....
Burlington

235.3
31.7
70.8

239.0
32.7
73.9

See footnotes at end of table.

104




71.9
448.4

56.5
64.6
46.2
125.4
1,300.2
185.9
516.9
70.4

1,369.9
69.0
34.5
64.0
89.3
86.6
43.2
43.2
36.2
492.5
37.8
45.0
60.0
27.9
76.2
50.0
640.8
72.4

449.6
238.7
33.2
74.6

July
1987

Aug.
1986

Aug.
1987P

6.4
13.4
1.5
2.4
2.0
9.3

6.9
13.2
1.8
2.5
2.2
9.8

7.1
13.0

.2
.1
.1

18.4
4.8
15.3

19.2
4.9
16.5

19.3
4.9
16.6

1.6

90.4
13.9
14.4
23.1

92.6
14.9
15.0
22.0

93.2
14.9
14.8
22.0

2.6
.3

2.6
.3

11.7
2.7
2.7

11.5
2.4
2.7

11.5
2.4
2.8

7.7
1.0
.2
2.1

7.1
1.0

94.7

102.2
7.4
11.6

103.3
7.4
6.1
11.8

.1

.1
1.0

6.9
1.0
.1
1.7
.1
1.0

19.3
30.5

19.8
31.5

19.7
30.7

192.1
2.2
1.2
.9
1.6
1.3
.1

416.2
2.5
4.4
23.6
7.3
5.7

373.2
2.4
4.1

0.8
.2
.2

.9

1.1
9.4
6.1
.6
2.7
.2
.1

0)

Aug.
1987P

July
1987

Aug.
1986

0.7
.2
.2

.1
1.7

192.7
2.2
1.2
.9
1.6
1.4
.1
.9
5.6
19.1

.1
3.4
.4
63.5
.1
2.2
3.6
.3
1.0
8.8
6.4

.6
2.6
.1
.1

0.7
.2
.2

.8
5.5
19.0
.1
3.4

.4
63.9
.1
2.2
3.6
1.0
8.6
6.3
.6
2.5
.1

7.1
5.4
11.8

5.8

1.8
2.6
2.3

10.1

36.2
1.8
2.0
3.0
2.0
4.2
2.

31.9
1.8
1.6
2.7
2.0
3.9
2.0

375.3
2.3
4.3
19.5
7.5
5.8
2.7
2.1
7.4
63.0
9.9
31.2
3.3
84.3
3.8
1.2
2.9
2.9
4.4
1.6
2.4
1.8
32.8
1.8
1.6
2.7
1.9
4.0
2.0

2.8
2.2

9.1
82.2

10.2
31.7
3.9
93.6
3.8

1.3
3.1
4.0
4.7
1.7
2.5

19.4
7.4
5.8
2.7
2.0
7.4

63.6
9.9
30.7
3.4
84.5
3.8
1.4
2.9
2.9
4.4
1.6
2.4
1.9

1.9
2.0

2.0
1.8

.2
2.1

.1
2.0

.1
2.0
1.9
.1
2.0

6.9

7.9

7.9

35.1

2.6

2.6

3.;
25.;

29.8
2.8
21.3

30.0
3.0
21.4

17.0
2.4
4.4

16.3
2.4
4.5

16.5
2.4
4.6

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

Manufacturing
State and area
Aug.
1986
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

July
1987

Aug.
1987?

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

48.2
72.9
94
7.3
15.4
57.7

47.5
70.7
9.6
7.1
16.5
57.6

48.5
71.2
9.3
7.3
16.7
58.3

6.3
14.6
1.8
1.1
1.8
6.7

6.3
15.0
1.7
1.2
1.8
6.9

6.4
15.2
1.8
1.2
1.8
6.9

31.5
63.6
10.9
9.3
10.9
39.2

32.1
64.0
11.5
9.4
11.3
39.9

32.4
64.4
11.4
9.5
11.5
40.1

119 1
55.2
74.0

1167
54.7
73.1

120.4
56.1
75.2

15.2
3.7
11.1

15.2
3.7
11.8

15.3
3.9
11.9

101.0
31.0
68.3

101.6
31.5
70.8

102.0
31.4
71.1

365.6
20.1
28.3
99.2

366.4
20.9
29.3
98.5

370.0
21.1
29.6
98.9

56.3
9.2
10.1
10.7

58.2
9.3
10.4
11.2

58.3
9.1
10.4
11.3

300.5
45.7
47.9
68.0

313.3
47.4
46.3
69.9

316.3
47.9
46.8
70.5

29.4
3.2
88

28.6
3.2
79

29.0
3.2
8.4

12.5
1.7
4.7

12.4
1.7
4.7

12.4
1.8
4.7

67.9
10.6
16.8

68.2
11.0
16.8

68.6
10.9
16.8

494.0
43.9
51.9
50.5
52.7
89.1

494.3
42.8
52.1
50.7
53.1
87.8

497.7
43.5
52.0
50.9
53.2
88.1

98.1
8.8
6.3
9.2
35.9
21.9

100.2
8.6
6.3
9.5
37.7
22.0

99.7
8.5
6.3
9.8
37.7
21.6

456.6
41.8
34.2
61.1
113.4
109.5

481.9
42.7
35.1
60.5
117.2
111.0

482.1
43.3
34.7
60.2
116.5
110.3

956.5
48
9.8
40 6
25.2
15.7
9.7
3.2
12.0
228.1
36 6
113.8
9.4
150 4
8.9
1 9
15.2
7.7
11.5
3.1
38
57
46.6
11.4
73
11.1
3.1
152
8.3

956.4
4.7
9.8
39 4
24.0
15.0
9.7
3.0
11.6
222.8
35 5
113.7
9.1
149.6
8.8
1 9
14.9
7.2
12.5
2.9
37
5.8
46.0
11.3
7.2
10.9
2.9
146
8.2

961.9
4.8
9.8
39 7
23.9
14.9
9.9
3.0
11.6
222.9
36.8
115.2
8.9
150.4
8.8
20
15.0
7.2
12.4
2.9
37
6.0
46.2
11.3
7.2
10.9
3.0
15.0
8.3

375.1
2.5
6.2
11.2
10.1
2.3
3.3
1.7
7.3
87.3
9.9
26.7
4.7
93.8
2.9
3.9
3.1
4.6
2.8
2.2
2.1
3.3
18.6
2.1
1.8
2.7
1.5
3.5
2.7

380.9
2.5
5.7
11.2
9.5
2.3
3.1
1.6
7.0
87.3
10.1
27.9
4.4
91.6
2.6
4.1
3.1
4.5
2.9
2.1
2.1
3.0
18.2
2.1
1.7
2.7
1.5
3.4
2.6

381.9
2.4
5.7
11.2
9.5
2.2
3.2
1.6
7.1
87.3
10.0
28.2
4.4
90.7
2.6
4.0
3.1
4.4
2.9
2.1
2.1
3.0
18.2
2.1
1.7
2.7
1.5
3.3
2.6

1,686.7
13.8
23.1
81.3
32.4
11.5
17.9
11.2
34.5
359.4
45.5
137.6
14.6
359.1
16.4
10.6
17.6
27.8
25.2
10.5
13.1
9.4
129.8
8.7
11.3
16.6
8.2
18.7
12.2

1,661.2
14.2
23.2
79.9
31.6
11.0
17.4
10.8
34.2
350.5
45.6
134.1
14.5
349.1
16.4
9.7
17.1
27.5
25.7
10.8
13.3
9.2
131.9
8.8
11.2
16.3
8.0
19.3
12.5

1,663.8
14.2
23.4
79.5
31.6
11.2
17.5
10.8
34.2
351.2
45.9
133.9
14.4
348.7
16.5
9.8
17.1
27.7
25.7
10.8
13.2
9.3
132.8
8.8
11.3
16.2
7.9
19.2
12.5

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

91 7
10.2
62.0

94.1
10.1
62.0

94 6
10.1
62.3

37.7
2.5
29.2

37.9
2.8
29.0

37.6
2.8
28.8

154.7
15.5
113.6

156.3
15.9
115.1

157.8
16.0
116.2

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

50.2
4.4
16.8

48.7
4.3
16.7

49.6
4.4
16.9

9.8
.8
3.1

10.5
.8
3.1

10.4
.8
3.1

53.1
6.7
16.0

56.4
6.9
16.5

56.2
7.1
16.8

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

.

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville..
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur..
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station..
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso ...
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
KiHeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman—Donison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

.

.

See footnotes at end of table.




105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
(government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Aug.
1986
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

July
1987

Aug.
1987*

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987?

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

7.4
12.4
1 4
1.7
2.2
4.9

8.0
13.0
1.3
1.7
2.3
5.3

7.9
13.0
1.3
1.7
2.3
5.3

28.6
69.1
10.1
9.1
9.3
28.8

29.7
70.4
10.5
9.6
9.7
31.3

30.0
70.2
10.6
9.7
9.7
31.7

14.6
39.7
4.8
18.6
6.1
17.0

15.4
39.7
4.7
18.4
6.2
16.5

15.1
39.2
4.8
18.8
6.0
16.5

25.2
3.7
21.2

25.7
4.0
21.8

25.7
4.0
21.8

108.7
23.4
76.9

111.3
24.3
80.1

111.1
24.3
80.0

55.7
9.3
41.8

56.4
9.3
41.9

56.1
9.3
41.7

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
.
Greenville-SDartanbura

62.7
83
17.7
11.5

66.5
8.7
18.0
11.7

66.7
8.7
18.1
11.7

228.6
35.9
39.1
48.6

240.9
38.1
39.4
50.1

241.5
38.1
39.4
50.5

236.9
48.6
57.9
35.6

237.6
48.5
54.6
35.8

238.8
48.2
54.5
36.7

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

14.5
1.7
6.1

14.5
1.7
5.9

14.5
1.7
5.9

61.2
8.5
17.6

61.7
8.4
18.2

61.7
8.4
18.2

54.0
5.6
6.8

55.8
5.9
6.7

54.8
5.8
7.0

95.9
11.3
4.9
85
23.3
31.0

98.0
12.2
5.0
8.8
23.6
30.6

98.0
12.2
5.0
8.8
23.6
30.6

391.8
34.1
26.3
48.8
96.2
104.1

410.5
35.0
26.8
51.6
100.8
105.5

409.0
35.1
27.0
51.6
99.9
106.2

299.0
29.8
22.7
45.6
66.4
60.8

305.1
30.3
23.2
48.4
65.4
63.9

305.2
30.7
23.6
48.6
65.5
62.3

451.7
2.6
4.4
25.8
5.7
21
3.4
1.8
7.0
134 8
9.8
28.9
4.6
104.7
3.2
1 6
3.3
5.6
3.9
2.9
1.7
1.7
38.6
1.6
1.9
3.8
1.6
4.9
2.5

441.3
2.6
4.4
25.3
5.5
22
3.4
1.7
6.8
130.8
10.2
29.3
4.4
99.5
2.9
1.6
3.0
5.5
3.8
2.7
1.6
1.8
39.6
1.5
1.8
3.6
1.5
4.8
2.4

440.0
2.6
4.3
25.2
5.5
22
3.3
1.7
6.8
130.1
10.2
29.3
4.4
98.6
3.0
1.6
2.9
5.5
3.8
2.7
1.6
1.8
39.5
1.4
1.9
3.6
1.5
4.8
2.4

1,374.6
12.8
16.1
83.4
28.0
76
13.8
8.0
26.3
288.6
35.1
111.6
13.6
339.3
13.7
6.0
11.2
20.5
13.8
8.8
7.1
7.8
114.4
7.1
8.8
13.5
6.0
18.7
11.1

1,378.9
12.8
16.8
84.1
28.4
79
14.3
8.1
27.0
288.1
36.4
115.4
14.0
355.3
14.6
6.0
11.3
20.8
13.6
8.8
7.2
7.7
118.2
7.3
9.2
13.6
5.9
18.8
11.1

1,374.3
12.8
16.6
83.9
28.5
8.0
14.4
8.0
26.7
288.0
36.5
115.2
14.0
353.5
14.4
6.0
11.3
21.0
13.7
8.8
7.3
7.7
117.9
7.5
9.1
13.6
5.9
18.7
11.1

1,066.2
7.6
12.1
84.3
18.4
10.2
13.9
17.5
26.2
136.3
36.7
58.4
20.6
178.4
19.3
7.9
7.9
20.0
22.2
5.3
6.4
5.9
101.7
4.8
11.9
8.3
4.2
10.9
9.0

1,089.4
7.9
12.2
88.3
18.8
10.8
13.4
18.8
26.3
139.3
36.6
61.0
19.7
181.1
19.9
8.0
8.1
20.3
22.7
5.8
6.7
6.1
103.3
4.8
12.2
8.4
4.4
11.5
9.2

1,077.2
7.8
12.3
87.4
18.7
10.9
13.5
18.2
26.1
138.7
36.5
60.5
20.6
179.8
19.8
7.7
8.1
20.3
22.7
5.7
6.6
6.0
102.6
4.8
12.1
8.3
4.3
11.1
9.1

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

33.4
2.3
27.6

34.2
2.4
28.2

34.1
2.4
28.1

138.1
23.4
96.0

144.6
24.9
100.0

145.1
24.8
100.4

133.8
12.8
89.6

133.2
13.0
90.2

133.6
13.2
89.8

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

11.4
2.9
3.3

12.3
3.0
3.6

12.3
3.0
3.6

59.3
6.9
18.2

58.5
7.5
19.3

58.7
7.7
19.4

33.9
7.4
9.0

35.8
7.6
10.1

34.5
7.6
10.2

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis .
...
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur

.

Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

See footnotes at end of table.

106



.

..

.

..

.

.

.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Constructor

State and area
Aug.
1986

Aug.
1987P

Aug.
1987?

July
1987

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,568.5
29.5
60.8
37.9
69.0
536.0
659.9
413.2
117.9

2,638.8
30.9
61.5
38.6
69.5
549.0
687.9
430.3
122.8

2,634.5
31.0
61.0
38.5
69.7
551.1
684.7
429.3
122.1

16.5
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
.4
.2

15.6
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.4
.4
.1

15.6
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.4
.4
.2

179.3
1.0
3.6
1.4
3.3
38.6
49.8
26.0
7.2

183.2
.8
4.0
1.3
3.4
38.2
50.8
27.5
7.6

182.9
.8
3.9
1.4
3.4
38.2
50.9
27.3
7.6

Washington
Seattle

1,782.4
894.2

1,836.8
927.9

1,847.1
930.7

3.1
.7

3.0
.7

3.0
.7

93.4
46.9

95.3
46.8

97.9
48.3

598.0
108.2
100.9
59.0
57.0

604.1
108.8
101.7
59.6
58.2

599.9
108.1
101.7
59.7
57.8

38.9
2.2
1.1
.8
2.4

36.4
2.3
1.0
.7
2.6

36.7
2.3
1.0
.7
2.4

25.5
5.1
3.9
3.1
1.8

26.7
5.2
4.2
3.1
1.9

27.3
5.3
4.2
3.2
2.0

2,032.7
139.9
52.4
92.1
49.8
36.9
47.2
189.8
675.4
68.6
45.1
45.8

2,067.3
145.1
54.6
92.7
53.3
39.8
48.9
194.8
687.4
68.8
46.6
46.8

2,067.9
146.3
54.1
93.8
48.9
37.4
49.2
195.7
692.1
68.4
47.2
47.3

2.5

70.1
6.0
1.8
3.2
1.3
.9
1.2
6.3
21.1
2.3
1.3
1.8

69.9
6.8
1.5
2.8
1.2
1.0
1.2
6.1
20.8
2.6
1.1
1.5

70.8
6.6
1.3
2.7
1.3
1.0
1.3
6.3
21.1
2.6
1.2
1.6

Wyoming

202.2

196.7

196.9

18.8

18.1

15.8

15.8

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

703.7
42.1
50.6
44.1
437.4

758.2
46.2
53.5
48.0
465.9

732.7
45.4
51.2
46.2
451.2

.8

30.9
(1)
()
2.8
24.6

34.2
(1)
1
()
3.6
25.9

33.9
(1)
1
()
3.8
25.7

37.8

38.7

38.1

2.5

1.7

1.7

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Virgin Islands

Aug.
1986

July
1987

2.4
(1)
(1)

9

2.5
(1)

(1)

(1)
(1)

0
(1)
C)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
()

1

( )

0)

(1)

(1)

(1)
(1)

(ij

(1)

i1)

(1)

0)

(1)

18.7

18.4

.7
(1)

.8

.1
.4

0

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

(1)

.1
.5

0)

.1
.5

o

See footnotes at end of table.




107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

Manufacturing
State and area
Aug.
1986

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News ,
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

425.3
9.3
8.7

July
1987

424.7
9.7
8.6
16.8
24.0

Aug.
1987P

426.5
9.8
8.6

Aug.
1986

July
1987

142.5

Aug.
1987P

26.0
46.7
22.6

1.0
2.9
26.2
49.5
22.7

9.1

8.9

142.8
1.2
2.3
1.0
2.9
26.1
49.5
22.9
8.9

140.0
1.1
2.1
1.0
2.9

1.2
2.3

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987"

586.7
8.2
12.2
8.1
12.8
131.9
153.0
100.8
31.6

610.7
8.6

159.1
102.6
34.8

8.7
12.2
8.3
13.4
141.2
158.8
102.1
34.3

12.2
8.2
13.3

611.3

63.1
20.6

16.7
24.2
66.9
34.5
63.3
20.5

309.1
173.8

316.6
183.2

321.1
184.6

97.6
58.5

100.5
59.3

101.2
59.5

442.6
223.3

464.8
233.9

467.3
234.2

88.4
12.5
19.5
14.4
6.9

86.1
11.6
19.3
14.6
7.0

86.9
11.6
19.3
14.8
7.2

37.2
8.3
7.6
2.0
3.0

36.1
8.4
7.3
2.0
3.1

36.3
8.4
7.3
2.0
3.1

139.8
28.5
25.9
14.4
15.5

140.8
28.7
26.1
14.4
16.1

141.8
28.8
26.2
14.5
16.1

525.3
49.0
10.4
26.1
14.4
10.9
10.4
22.0
167.0
24.4
19.1
12.5

531.9
51.3
10.3
25.1
17.1
13.2
10.3
22.6
165.8
23.4
20.0
13.8

525.0
51.4
10.3
25.8
12.4
10.6
10.3
22.7

91.2
5.3
3.0
6.7
1.7
1.4
2.3
6.5
34.2
2.3
1.4
2.8

90.9
5.5
3.0
6.7
1.7
1.4
2.3
6.7
34.2
2.3
1.4
2.8

490.5
30.7
15.0
23.9
13.7
8.7

8.7
11.5

500.8
30.3
16.5
24.4
13.9
8.8
14.4
43.4
164.9
16.7
9.1
11.8

505.6
31.3
16.4
24.6
14.1
8.9
14.6
43.6

165.4
23.1
20.4
13.7

90.7
5.2
2.8
6.5
1.7
1.3
2.3
6.4
33.9
2.3
1.3
2.6

8.1

8.1

8.4

14.4

14.0

14.0

47.4

46.0

46.0

Puerto Rico .
Caguas
Mayaguez...
Ponce
San Juan ....

146.5
14.5
20.0

151.6

152.5

14.7

16.4

16.3

8.5
64.1

19.8
8.4
64.7

19.3
8.4
65.0

122.8
8.0
6.8

127.8
8.5
6.9
7.5

Virgin Islands

1.7

1.9

1.9

Seattle .
Wsst Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland...
Parkersburg-Marietta.
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah .
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming.

See footnotes at end of table.

108




16.1
23.8
69.8
34.8
62.8
20.5

66.5
34.4

16.2

V)
O

12.0
2.3

14.7

13.3
41.7
158.8

16.2

139.7

10.8

10.7

84.8

127.5
8.2
7.0
7.7
88.5

2.5

2.5

8.2

8.6

V)1
()
O

0)1
()
O

7.1

166.4
16.7
9.2
12.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Aug.
1986

Aug.
1987P

July
1987

Virginia
Bristol
.;
Charlottesville
;
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

135.4

140.8

140.7

.9
3.1

.9
3.2

.9
3.2

1.2
3.3
25.3

1.1
3.4

1.1
3.3

41.4
33.4

25.9
44.4
35.1

25.9
44.6
35.0

8.1

8.4

Washington
Seattle

107.0
67.5

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Virgin Islands
Not available.
Combined with construction.
= preliminary.




592.0
4.3
11.3

July
1987

611.8
4.5
11.4
5.5

8.4

5.8
13.6
124.7
202.3
84.7
27.1

131.2
208.9
90.7
27.1

108.6
67.8

108.5
67.7

397.7
200.8

24.2
6.1
4.3
2.2
2.7

24.7
6.0
4.4
2.2
2.6

24.5
6.0
4.4
2.2
2.6

109.9
7.1
1.9
3.2
1.7
1.1
1.5
17.3
47.1
2.2
2.1
3.4

113.3
7.3
1.9
3.4
1.7
1.2
1.5
17.9
48.7
2.2
2.1
3.4

113.5
7.4
1.9
3.4
1.7
1.2
1.5
18.0
48.7
2.2
2.1
3.4

8.2

7.9

7.9

34.2

33.9

Wyoming
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

Aug.
1986

32.6

0
26.4

27.8

27.6

1.6

1.6

,1.6

13.4

Aug.
1987P

611.0
4.5
11.2
5.5
13.4
131.6
209.3
90.5

Aug.
1986

July
1987

493.4
4.6
19.7
4.4
9.1

509.5
5.1
19.8
4.5
9.1

Aug.
1987P

503.7
5.0
19.5
4.5

119.8

121.2

131.5

140.4

27.1

82.5
14.2

88.2
15.3

8.9
121.1
136.6
87.8
15.1

411.8
211.8

414.2
213.2

331.9
122.7

336.2
124.4

333.9
122.5

121.3
25.0
20.1
12.8
15.4

125.8
25.0
20.6
13.1
15.6

126.6
25.0
20.6
13.2
15.4

122.7
20.5
18.5

127.5

119.8
20.7
18.7
9.1

442.4
26.4
11.8
19.5
10.9
8.2
12.8
39.8
171.7

454.8
28.4

457.3
28.7

12.7
20.3

12.6
20.6
11.6

301.3
15.6
8.7

13.3
7.6

11.5
8.3

13.5
41.2
177.9
13.5
7.8

8.4

8.2

37.6

36.8

97.0

99.3

7.8
71.1

7.8
70.9

7.2

8.5

8.3

13.5
41.2

179.0
13.6
8.0
8.5

9.3
9.3

21.6
18.8
9.5

9.3

9.0

302.8

302.3
15.4
8.5
10.0
6.1
6.0
5.6

7.8

15.5
8.6
9.9
6.1
6.0
5.7
56.7
74.6
8.2

5.1
5.5

5.1
5.2

9.7
6.1
5.7
5.7
55.9
75.5

56.9
76.9
7.9
5.0
5.3

36.8

49.6

49.7

49.2

103.1

7.9
73.8

257.0
14.3
15.9
14.8
154.0

296.0
16.1
18.0
17.5
176.8

265.8
14.6
16.3
15.4
158.7

8.5

14.3

13.9

13.5

0

(1)

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1986 benchmarks. The
corrected value for transportation and public utilities in Baltimore City, Maryland is
27.0 for June 1987.

109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

Mining

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33
95.45
107.73
114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2

Hourly
earnings

Construction
Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.44

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
524.97

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.47

367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.46
466.38

Annual averages

98.82

101.84

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1986:
September.
October
November..
December..
1987:
January
February ....
March
April
May
June
July
Augusf
September*

34.8
34.7
34.7
34.8

$8.82
8.82
8.88
8.86

$306.94
306.05
308.14
308.33

42.1
42.1
41.4
42.4

$12.52
12.50
12.57
12.63

$527.09
526.25
520.40
535.51

38.5
37.9
36.5
36.8

$12.59
12.68
12.66
12.77

$484.72
480.57
462.09
469.94

34.4
34.5
34.6
34.6
34.8
35.0
35.1
35.3
34.7

8.90
8.92
8.92
8.91
8.93
8.92
8.91
8.94
9.06

306.16
307.74
308.63
308.29
310.76
312.20
312.74
315.58
314.38

42.5
42.0
41.8
41.8
42.4
42.4
42.1
42.6
41.7

12.66
12.56
12.51
12.43
12.42
12.44
12.31
12.35
12.48

538.05
527.52
522.92
519.57
526.61
527.46
518.25
526.11
520.42

37.2
36.8
37.4
37.4
38.5
38.1
38.6
38.6
36.3

12.58
12.51
12.59
12.55
12.60
12.61
12.57
12.67
12.80

467.98
460.37
470.87
469.37
485.10
480.44
485.20
489.06
464.64

See footnotes at end of table.




Ill

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing
Year and
month

Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime

Weekly
earnings

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2

3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7

7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.54
9.73

7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.34

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Wholesale trade

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.61
2.73
2.88
3.05
3.23

$102.56
106.49
111.11
116.06
122.31
129.85

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.5
39.4
39.3
38.8
38.7
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.44
3.65
3.85
4.08
4.39
4.73
5.03
5.39
5.88
6.39

137.26
144.18
151.69
160.34
170.33
183.05
194.66
209.13
228.14
247.93

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64

38.5
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.4

6.96
7.56
8.09
8.55
8.89
9.16
9.35

267.96
291.06
309.85
329.18
342.27
351.74
359.04

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1986:
September.
October
November..
December..
1987:
January
February ....
March
April
May
June
July
Augusf
September"

41.0
40.7
41.0
41.5

$9.73
9.72
9.78
9.85

$9.31
9.32
9.37
9.42

$398.93
395.60
400.98
408.78

39.2
39.1
39.3
39.1

$11.77
11.77
11.90
11.90

$461.38
460.21
467.67
465.29

38.3
38.4
38.4
38.4

$9.37
9.36
9.47
9.47

$358.87
359.42
363.65
363.65

40.8
40.8
40.9
40.4
40.9
41.1
40.6
40.9
40.6

9.84
9.84
9.85
9.87
9.87
9.87
9.87
9.86
10.02

9.44
9.44
9.44
9.48
9.45
9.44
9.46
9.41
9.56

401.47
401.47
402.87
398.75
403.68
405.66
400.72
403.27
406.81

38.5
39.0
38.9
38.8
39.0
39.1
39.4
39.5
39.3

11.89
11.93
11.90
11.94
11.95
11.91
12.00
12.01
12.10

457.77
465.27
462.91
463.27
466.05
465.68
472.80
474.40
475.53

38.1
37.9
37.9
38.1
38.3
38.4
38.3
38.4
38.1

9.49
9.55
9.53
9.53
9.57
9.57
9.57
9.61
9.64

361.57
361.95
361.19
363.09
366.53
367.49
366.53
369.02
367.28

See footnotes at end of table.

112




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

Services
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.35

209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
303.94

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.16

190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.75
265.20

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03

147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
176.08

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1986:
September.
October
November..
December..
1987:
January
February ....
March
April
May
June
July
August"
September*1

29.1
29.0
29.0
29.4

$6.06
6.06
6.08
6.07

$176.35
175.74
176.32
178.46

36.2
36.4
36.5
36.5

$8.39
8.39
8.57
8.48

$303.72
305.40
312.81
309.52

32.4
32.4
32.4
32.4

$8.19
8.23
8.33
8.32

$265.36
266.65
269.89
269.57

28.3
28.7
28.9
29.2
29.3
29.6
30.0
30.2
29.6

6.09
6.09
6.08
6.09
6.09
6.08
6.07
6.06
6.20

172.35
174.78
175.71
177.83
178.44
179.97
182.10
183.01
183.52

36.3
36.4
36.3
36.3
36.3
36.4
36.2
36.5
36.0

8.60
8.75
8.72
8.71
8.72
8.68
8.69
8.79
8.80

312.18
318.50
316.54
316.17
316.54
315.95
314.58
320.84
316.80

32.2
32.4
32.4
32.3
32.4
32.6
32.8
33.0
32.4

8.37
8.43
8.41
8.40
8.38
8.35
8.33
8.39
8.51

269.51
273.13
272.48
271.32
271.51
272.21
273.22
276.87
275.72

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.




p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1986 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1986 forward are subject to revision.

113

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Total private .
Mining

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

34.8

35.1

35.3

34.7

42.3

42.1

42.1

42.6

41.7

42.0
40.1
43.5

42.1
41.4
42.9

10
101
102

40.9
40.4
41.6

41.7
41.6
41.9

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

11,12
12

40.0
40.0

40.3
40.3

13
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2
138
Oil and gas field services

42.5
43.4
41.9

41.8
41.8
41.8

42.4
42.7
42.2

41.9
40.5
42.6

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels .
Crushed and broken stone

45.7
47.6

46.1
48.4

46.3
48.5

46.2
47.9

38.3

38.5

38.6

38.6

Construction

Sept.
1987P

35.1

Metal mining ...
Iron ores
Copper ores .

14
142

Average overtime hours
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

36.3

15
152
153
154

37.6
36.9
38.7
38.3

37.6
36.8
39.3
38.4

37.9
37.4
38.7
38.4

37.9
37.2
38.7
38.5

Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway .

16
161
162

42.5
43.6
41.8

43.0
44.4
42.1

42.7
44.7
41.4

42.9
44.3
42.0

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating ....
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

37.4
38.5
35.6
39.1
35.4
35.0
35.4

37.5
38.5
35.9
39.2
35.4
34.8
34.9

37.6
38.7
36.3
39.3
35.6
35.7
35.2

37.6
38.7
36.4
39.0
35.7
35.5
35.7

40.7

41.0

40.6

40.9

40.6

3.5

3.7

3.6

Durable goods .

3.9

3.9,
3.8

41.1

41.6

41.0

41.3

41.0

3.5

3.8

3.6

3.9

Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

40.6
39.8
41.4
41.5
41.4
40.8
41.3
40.3
40.1
41.4
38.6
39.9
40.2
40.1

40.8
40.3
41.7
41.9
41.2
41.0
41.7
40.2
40.7
41.6
38.6
39.5
39.5
40.3

40.4
39.0
41.2
41.3
41.2
40.5
41.0
40.0
39.7
40.2
38.8
40.3
40.1
39.9

40.7
38.9
41.9
42.0
41.5
41.0
41.5
39.7
41.1
42.0
38.7
39.9
39.7
40.4

39.8

3.9
4.1
4.5
4.8
3.5
3.9
3.7
3.5
3.7
4.9
2.4
3.2
2.9
3.2

3.9
3.8
4.5
4.8
3.5
3.8
3.7
3.1
3.6
4.9
2.8
3.2
3.1
3.5

3.9
4.1
4.5
4.8
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.3
4.0
4.4
3.0
3.4
3.0
3.0

4.1
4.7
4.9
5.1
3.9
3^9
3.6
3.3
3.9
5.0
3.1
3.3
2.8
3.4

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture ....
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture .
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures .

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

40.1
39.5
39.9
38.6
40.2
40.2
41.1
40.2
41.6
40.7

40.5
40.0
40.0
39.5
40.4
40.9
41.2
40.9
42.1
41.0

39.2
38.9
39.2
37.8
40.4
39.1
38.8
41.1
40.1
39.5

40.3
39.9
40.1
39.0
40.4
40.8
41.6
40.4
41.1
40.8

39.8

2.8
2.4
2.5
1.8
3.2
2.9
3.3
3.4
4.0
2.6

3.1
2.7
2.7
2.3
3.2
3.6
3.2
3.8
4.6
3.2

2.6
2.3
2.2
1.8
3.1
3.5
2.5
3.8
3.5
2.5

3.2
2.8
2.6
2.3
3.3
4.3
3.8
3.5
4.4
3.4

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown .

32
321
322

42.8
44.7
41.5

43.0
45.1
41.6

42.5
44.3
41.1

42.6
45.4
41.6

42.4

5.3
6.0
4.9

5.4
6.2
4.8

5.3
5.1
5.1

5.4
6.2
5.0

See footnotes at end of table.

114




Sept.
1987P

41.8
41.9

General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction .

Manufacturing.

Aug.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
0-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Total private.

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

$8.70

$8.82

$8.91

$8.94

$9.06 $305.37 $306.94 $312.74 $315.58 $314.38

12.51

12.52

12.31

12.35

12.48 529.17

527.09

518.25

526.11

13.06
15.05
11.35

13.06
14.76
11.40

530.06
559.54
477.57

543.77
601.95
481.43

548.52
603.51
493.73

549.83
611.06
489.06

15.69
15.74

618.00
620.40

621.43
624.25

606.04
609.94

655.84
659.51

Metal mining ...
Iron ores
Copper ores .

10
101
102

12.96
13.85
11.48

13.04
14.47
11.49

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining .

11,12
12

15.45
15.51

15.42
15.49

13
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2
138
Oil arid gas field services

11.74
13.65
10.44

11.69
13.82
10.32

11.39
14.04
9.90

11.29
13.99
9.90

498.95
592.41
437.44

488.64
577.68
431.38

482.94
599.51
417.78

473.05
566.60
421.74

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels.
Crushed and broken stone

10.44
9.98

10.50
9.98

10.63
10.08

10.74
10.29

477.11
475.05

484.05
483.03

492.17
488.88

496.19
492.89

12.44

12.59

12.57

12.67

12.80 476.45

484.72

485.20

489.06

14
142

Construction .

Sept.
1987P

520.42

464.64

General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction .

15
152
153
154

11.40
10.77
9.65
12.17

11.53
10.86
9.79
12.33

11.67
10.93
10.17
12.56

11.85
11.20
10.51
12.61

428.64
397.41
373.46
466.11

433.53
399.65
384.75
473.47

442.29
408.78
393.58
482.30

449.12
416.64
406.74
485.49

Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway .

16
161
162

12.07
12.16
12.01

12.15
12.15
12.14

12.05
12.14
11.98

12.04
12.18
11.93

512.98
530.18
502.02

522.45
539.46
511.09

514.54
542.66
495.97

516.52
539.57
501.06

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning ...
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating ,
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

13.01
13.10
12.33
14.37
13.25
12.55
11.65

13.18
13.37
12.54
14.68
13.36
12.63
11.50

13.10
13.32
12.39
14.67
13.37
12.50
11.50

13.20
13.40
12.48
14.68
13.45
12.60
11.65

486.57
504.35
438.95
561.87
469.05
439.25
412.41

494.25
514.75
450.19
575.46
472.94
439.52
401.35

492.56
515.48
449.76
576.53
475.97
446.25
404.80

496.32
518.58
454.27
572.52
480.17
447.30
415.91

9.68

9.73

9.87

9.86

10.02 393.98

398.93

400.72

403.27

406.81

10.22

10.29

10.40

10.41

10.53 420.04

428.06

426.40

429.93

431.73

340.68
432.42
354.45
372.91
269.86
338.25
354.03
305.12
277.17
400.19
232.37
302.97
305.73
290.97

341.78
429.00
353.50
369.22
279.75
338.99
355.06
306.00
273.93
392.75
238.62
319.98
322.40
291.67

344.32
425.96
360.76
376.32
284.28
343.17
358.15
305.69
282.77
409.50
241.10
315.21
317.20
295.73

337.50

305.78
278.00
255.60
300.20
290.88
301.02
346.90
329.65
379.74
323.90

300.66
274.63
255.98
290.68
291.28
298.33
335.23
330.44
368.92
317.19

311.92
283.29
263.46
301.86
294.52
311.30
371.07
325.22
375.24
336.19

310.44

434.73
636.36
464.26

439.03
622.86
475.94

439.21
650.58
477.15

442.66

Manufacturing
Durable goods.
Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

8.33
10.77
8.52
8.93
6.49
8.20
8.46
7.54
6.84
9.59
5.99
7.56
7.65
7.23

8.35
10.73
8.50
8.90
6.55
8.25
8.49
7.59
6.81
9.62
6.02
7.67
7.74
7.22

8.46
11.00
8.58
8.94
6.79
8.37
8.66
7.65
6.90
9.77
6.15
7.94
8.04
7.31

8.46
10.95
8.61
8.96
6.85
8.37
8.63
7.70
6.88
9.75
6.23
7.90
7.99
7.32

8.48 338.20

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture ....
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture .
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures .

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

7.50
6.90
6.36
7.51
7.21
7.32
8.49
7.88
8.86
7.81

7.55
6.95
6.39
7.60
7.20
7.36
8.42
8.06
9.02
7.90

7.67
7.06
6.53
7.69
7.21
7.63
8.64
8.04
9.20
8.03

7.74
7.10
6.57
7.74
7.29
7.63
8.92
8.05
9.13
8.24

7.80 300.75

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown .

32
321
322

10.07
14.19
11.09

10.11
14.11
11.16

10.33
14.06
11.58

10.31
14.33
11.47

10.44 431.00

428.65
352.73
370.60
268.69
334.56
349.40
303.86
274.28
397.03
231.21
301.64
307.53
289.92

272.55
253.76
289.89
289.84
294.26
348.94
316.78
368.58
317.87

634.29
460.24

See footnotes at end of table.




115

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

1972
SIC
Code

3221

3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291

3292
33
331

3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

34
Fabricated metal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
342
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades . 3423,5
Hardware, nee
3429
Plumbing and heating, except electric
343
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3432
Heating equipment, except electric
3433
Fabricated structural metal products
344
Fabricated structural metal
3441
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3442
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3443
Sheet metal work
3444
Architectural metal work
3446
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
345
Screw machine products
3451
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
3452
Metal forgings and stampings
346
Iron and steel forgings
3462
Automotive stampings
3465
Metal stampings, nee
3469
Metal services, nee
347
Plating and polishing
3471
Metal coating and allied services
3479
Ordnance and accessories, nee
348
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
3483
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products
3496
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
See footnotes at end of table.

116



35
351
3511

3519
352
3523

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

41.9
41.1
41.5
40.8
41.9
40.4
45.3
46.1
44.9
44.8
41.0
40.0
42.9

41.9
41.2
42.0
41.5
42.2
40.3
45.5
46.5
45.1
45.1
40.9
38.9
42.3

40.9
41.4
41.4
42.1
41.9
39.3
44.8
45.3
43.7
45.1
41.2
41.9
40.3

41.9
41.2
41.2
41.9
42.0
40.2
44.3
45.4
43.8
44.0
41.5
41.9
41.2

41.5
41.2
41.2
41.5
41.3
41.4
40.0
40.7
41.8
42.1
42.3
42.4
42.7
41.9
41.0
41.5

42.1
41.8
41.9
41.6
42.0
42.2
39.3
41.4
42.8
43.4
43.0
42.2
44.2
42.7
41.7
42.3

43.0
44.0
44.5
41.5
42.2
42.4
40.4
41.9
43.4
44.0
43.0
42.4
44.3
42.3
40.9
41.7

43.2
43.8
44.1
42.1
43.0
43.6
42.5
42.3
43.6
44.3
43.1
43.5
44.0
42.6
42.0
42.7

41.1
44.2
44.5
40.0
40.5
39.8
40.0
40.7
38.7
41.1
42.4
40.6
40.9
40.2
40.4
41.9
40.3
43.6
41.7
40.9
42.8
40.6
40.4
40.1
41.1
40.5
40.1
40.3
39.6
40.2

41.6
43.4
43.4
40.8
41.0
40.7
40.3
40.2
40.0
41.3
42.4
40.6
41.6
40.5
40.3
42.4
40.6
44.2
43.0
40.9
44.6
41.7
41.1
41.0
41.3
41.1
40.5
40.8
40.2
40.6

40.8
44.2
44.5
40.4
40.1
40.2
40.7
40.9
39.9
40.5
41.1
40.4
41.1
39.4
40.1
41.8
40.6
43.1
40.7
40.9
41.0
40.1
40.9
40.5
41.7
40.6
39.5
40.4
40.4
41.2

41.2
41.4
38.9
42.4
40.3
41.3

41.7
42.2
41.8
42.3
40.6
41.2

41.7
43.1
39.0
44.4
42.1
43.3

Average overtime hours
Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

6.1
3.5
3.4
3.3
4.3
2.6
7.5
8.1
6.8
7.7
3.7
2.4
3.6

5.9
3.5
3.8
3.4
4.1
2.8
7.7
8.4
7.0
7.8
3.8
2.4
3.9

6.1
3.8
3.5
3.4
4.3
3.0
7.3
8.6
6.2
7.8
4.2
3.6
4.3

6.2
3.7
3.6
3.8
4.7
2.8
7.3
8.4
6.5
7.5
4.4
3.8
3.8

43.0
44.0

4.1
3.9
3.9
3.6
4.1
4.8
2.6
3.0
3.9
3.9
5.2
4.7
6.6
5.2
3.2
3.5

4.3
4.0
4.1
3.6
4.6
5.2
2.7
3.8
4.3
4.5
5.3
4.7
6.0
5.2
3.6
3.9

4.9
5.3
5.5
4.5
4.6
4.9
3.2
4.4
4.7
4.8
5.5
5.3
7.4
4.8
3.3
3.7

5.1
5.3
5.4
5.3
5.2
5.8
5.1
3.8
4.7
4.9
5.8
6.4
7.4
5.4
3.8
4.1

41.3
44.9
45.1
40.7
41.3
40.1
41.3
41.7
40.3
40.9
41.9
40.4
42.4
39.5
40.3
42.3
41.0
43.6
41.9
41.3
42.6
41.3
40.7
40.5
41.0
40.6
39.3
40.8
41.1
40.4

40.7

3.5
6.2
6.4
2.7
2.8
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.0
3.5
4.4
3.4
2.8
3.0
4.1
4.3
2.8
5.7
3.9
3.4
4.6
3.1
3.3
3.1
3.8
2.8
2.6
2.8
2.4
2.7

3.8
5.9
5.9
3.0
2.9
3.1
3.0
2.4
2.7
3.8
4.3
3.5
3.5
3.2
3.7
4.6
3.3
5.8
4.7
3.2
5.9
3.8
3.7
3.6
3.8
2.9
2.5.
3.0
2.5
3.0

3.6
6.3
6.4
3.0
2.7
3.2
3.2
2.3
3.4
3.4
3.7
3.3
3.3
3.0
3.3
4.4
3.2
5.6
3.7
3.3
3.9
3.6
3.5
3.5
3.5
2.6
2.0
3.4
3.5
3.3

3.9
6.8
7.0
3.2
3.6
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.1
3.7
4.2
3.4
4.1
3.2
3.6
4.7
3.6
5.9
4.4
4.1
4.8
4.1
3.4
3.3
3.5
3.2
2.6
3.5
3.5
3.0

41.8
41.9
38.6
43.0
41.0
42.0

41.5

3.3
4.0
3.9
4.0
2.9
3.4

3.6
4.1
5.0
3.8
2.8
3.4

3.8
3.4
3.3
3.5
4.0
5.1

4.0
4.9
4.1
5.1
3.6
4.6

Sept.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
Industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products; nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

1972
SIC
Code

3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

$11.45

$12.09
10.98
8.83
13.26
8.56
8.99
10.14

$11.98
10.88
8.78

8.78

$11.55
10.71
8.85

13.23

13.26

8.08
8.75
9.85
8.70
8.64
10.76
10.26

8.08
8.79
9.90
8.74
8.74
10.81
10.24

10.65

9.04

9.04
9.00

9.72

9.76

10.23

10.20

33
331
3312
3317
332

11.74
13.61
14.32
10.78
10.52
10.96
11.08
9.74
13.13
13.75
11.09
10.34
13.34
10.91
9.51
9.78

11.8;
13.76
14.56
10.89
10.56
10.96
11.16
9.97
13.28
14.04
11.27
10.24
14.03
11.06
9.48
9.74

11.97
13.70
14.31
10.98
10.66
11.10
11.52
10.05
13.07
13.39
11.42
10.48
13.72
11.39
9.50
9.75

11.9;
13.63
14.27
11.00
10.69
11.14
11.44
9.90
13.07
13.41
11.44
10.61
14.00
11.40
9.43
9.68

9.82
13.36

9.88
13.35
14.05

9.95
13.32

9.95
13.33
14.12
9.80

3351
3353
3357
336

3361

35
351
3511

3519
352
3523

14.05

9.67
8.97
10.03
9.10
8.73
8.89
9.08

9.63
7.56
10.05
9.44
8.67
9.39
8.80

9.94
11.64
12.38
13.64
8.96
8.01
7.89
8.25

10.63
10.35

9.09
9.76

9.73
9.04
10.11
9.09
8.70
8.86
9.12

14.07
9.71
8.95
10.08

9.16
8.52

9.24
9.25

10.95
10.4;

9.63
10.22

9.75

8.85
9.51
8.69
10.09
11.74
12.29
13.67
9.07

8.81

8.71

7.58
10.16

9.95
7.58
10.14

9.73

9.76

9.01

9.04
10.47
11.70
12.47

10.45
11.73
12.52

13.75
9.20
8.12

9.20
8.00

7.82
8.22
10.67
10.31
9.14

8.12

7.99

8.12
11.00
10.53

8.02
10.89
10.51

9.34
9.92

9.36
9.95

8.22

9.75
8.26

8.40

8.47

10.59
12.85
13.23
12.71
10.18
10.74

10.61
12.93
13.23
12.81
9.68
10.27

10.74
13.27
12.68
13.44
10.32
11.06

10.77
13.26
13.30
13.25
10.18
10.86

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987"

514.71
602.80
636.80
455.67
449.85
470.64
465.41
421.10
567.24
589.16
491.06
444.35
607.80
481.80
388.55
406.58

514.94
596.99
629.31
463.10
459.67
485.70
486.20
418.77
569.85
594.06
493.06
461.54
616.00
485.64
396.06
413.34

$520.73
608.08

10.03 403.60

411.01
579.39
609.77
396.98
370.64
411.48
366.33
349.74
354.40
376.66
408.31
307.75
422.66
381.92
356.66
403.22
360.93
445.98
504.82
502.66
609.68
378.22
327.16
320.62
339.49
438.54
417.56
372.91
391.95
335.36

405.96
588.74
626.12
392.28
358.90
405.22
372.81
348.47
368.68
374.63
408.95
306.23
416.75
384.15
353.28
406.71
365.81
450.40
477.41
512.07
563.75
368.92
332.11
328.86
338.60
446.60
415.94
377.34
400.77
346.08

410.94
598.52
636.81
398.86
373.77
409.82
377.07
361.96
372.78
378.73
414.81
305.02
436.72
383.94
351.01
412.85
370.64
456.49
490.23
515.01
583.19
379.96
325.60
323.60
328.82
442.13
413.04
381.89
408.95
342.19

408.22

590.51
625.23
386.80
363.29
399.19
364.00
355.31
344.04
373.19
408.31
306.94
411.05
379.49
350.27
393.44
354.64
433.38
485.39
506.34
583.79
363.78
323.60
316.39
339.08
430.52
415.04
366.33
386.50
330.44
436.31
531.99
514.65
538.90
410.25
443.56

442.44
545.65
553.01
541.86
393.01
423.12

447.86
571.94
494.52
596.74
434.47
478.90

450.19
555.59
513.38
569.75
417.38
456.12

449.86

13.69

7.96

July
1987

497.62
575.17
610.06
453.02
443.52
462.51
438.59
412.76
568.38
609.34
484.61
432.13
620.13
472.26
395.32
412.00

9.13
8.68

9.43

9.63

Sept.
1986

487.21
560.73
589.98
447.37
434.48
453.74
443.20
396.42
548.83
578.88
469.11
438.42
569.62
457.13
389.91
405.87

$12.11
13.82

9.05
10.22
9.25
9.26
9.90
7.55
10.30
9.72

Aug.
1986

$479.76 $483.95 $494.48 $501.96
437.72
441.25 454.57 448.26
364.37
371.70 365.56 361.74
539.78
550.29 558.25 563.97
338.55
340.98
358.66
361.62
353.31 363.41
353.50 354.24
454.27
446.21
450.45
448.76
401.07 406.41 409.51 410.42
394.17
387.94
391.55
394.20
482.05
487.53
495.20 481.80
420.66
418.82
429.72 432.43
388.80
379.66 405.59 403.50
438.87
431.46 426.37
421.06

10.13
9.04

3292

3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335

Sept.
1987P

8.61

3291

329

Average weekly earnings

13.46

8.96
10.98
10.4;
9.68
10.58

34
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
341
Metal cans
3411
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
342
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5
Hardware, nee
3429
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
3451
Screw machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
347
Metal services, nee
3471
Plating and polishing
3479
Metal coating and allied services
348
Ordnance and accessories, nee
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment

Average hourly earnings

10.84

See footnotes at end of table.




117

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—-Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves ...
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ...
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
v
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories ...
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies ....
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
See footnotes at end of table.

118




1972
SIC
Code

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563

3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585

359
3592
3599
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621

3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367

3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

41.4
42.1
40.2
39.9
41.9
41.8
41.9
41.7
40.2
42.9
39.8
41.8
41.5
41.4
42.5
40.4
41.1
40.9
42.2
39.9
41.5
41.9
40.7
41.6
41.7
40.6
40.7
40.7
41.4
40.6

41.3
41.7
40.9
40.0
41.7
41.5
42.5
41.7
41.5
43.6
40.4
42.4
41.9
42.3
42.5
40.5
41.6
40.8
42.7
41.0
42.0
42.5
42.8
42.2
42.3
41.5
42.0
41.2
42.6
40.9

41.8
42.3
42.1
41.9
42.1
40.0
42.0
41.3
41.7
42.6
41.0
41.8
41.3
41.7
41.7
39.7
41.5
41.5
43.5
40.9
40.7
40.7
41.6
41.5
41.1
41.7
42.4
41.3
40.6
41.4

42.4
43.5
42.6
42.0
43.0
40.1
42.1
41.7
42.9
42.7
41.0
41.5
41.7
42.0
42.2
39.7
41.5
42.9
42.4
40.7
41.4
40.9
41.4
42.3
41.9
41.2
41.4
41.3
41.2
41.4

40.9
41.1
42.5
39.7
40.4
40.8
40.1
40.6
39.3
42.0
40.5
40.1
40.6
40.0
40.6
38.8
42.6
43.1
41.1
41.1
41.0
40.9
43.2
41.0
40.9
41.8
44.1
41.8

41.3
41.4
42.8
40.0
40.9
41.3
40.2
41.2
39.9
43.1
41.4
40.5
41.0
40.3
40.8
39.1
42.6
43.0
41.4
41.8
41.3
41.4
43.4
41.5
41.6
42.0
44.1
42.2

40.4
40.5
40.8
40.3
40.9
40.9
39.9
39.5
39.5
42.3
38.7
39.0
39.5
38.6
39.5
37.6
40.2
39.8
41.1
42.2
40.7
40.5
40.8
40.9
40.6
40.7
40.6
41.4

40.8
40.9
41.7
40.1
41.3
41.2
40.2
39.7
40.3
41.3
40.2
39.8
39.2
39.6
40.7
39.2
41.1
40.5
41.1
42.4
40.7
40.8
41.8
40.3
41.1
41.6
41.5
42.4

Average overtime hours
Sept.
1987P

40.4

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

2.7
2.2
2.9
2.9
3.4
3.2
4.4
3.6
4.6
5.4
3.2
3.3
3.5
2.8
3.9
4.3
3.2
2.3
4.4
2.0
3.5
4.4
3.8
2.7
2.6
2.8
2.9
3.5
4.4
3.3

2.8
2.4
2.8
3.3
3.3
3.1
4.7
3.7
4.8
5.6
3.4
3.0
3.6
3.4
4.0
3.9
3.5
2.3
4.7
2.3
3.7
4.6
5.2
3.2
3.1
3.4
3.7
3.6
4.8
3.4

3.5
3.0
4.0
5.1
3.7
2.7
4.4
3.6
4.4
5.1
3.7
3.1
3.7
3.4
3.8
3.9
3.8
3.4
5.0
2.8
3.7
3.5
4.3
3.3
3.3
3.8
4.3
3.8
3.3
3.8

4.0
3.4
4.4
5.6
4.7
3.5
4.6
3.7
4.9
5.3
4.1
3.5
4.0
3.7
3.7
4.2
4.0
4.3
4.7
3.6
4.0
4.0
4.2
3.4
3.4
3.6
3.6
3.9
3.3
3.9

2.8
2.7
2.8
2.5
2.7
3.2
2.0
3.2
3.0
4.0
3.0
2.6
2.8
2.3
2.3
1.3
3.3
3.1
2.5
2.0
2.8
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.0
3.3
4.0
3.8

3.1
3.0
3.3
2.8
2.8
3.3
1.9
3.5
2.7
4.8
3.9
2.7
3.1
2.2
2.7
1.7
3.4
3.0
2.8
2.4
2.9
3.3
3.0
3.5
3.5
3.6
4.2
4.1

2.8
3.0
2.8
3.2
3.2
3.5
1.9
2.4
3.2
4.0
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.3
1.6
1.1
2.1
1.5
2.5
2.4
2.5
3.2
2.0
3.9
3.2
2.6
3.2
2.9

3.0
3.3
3.4
3.2
3.5
3.6
2.7
2.2
2.0
2.8
2.4
2.7
2.3
3.0
2.4
1.5
2.7
2.2
2.6
2.9
2.5
3.4
2.2
3.4
3.6
3.4
3.7
3.9

Sept.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves ...
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ...
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories ...
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies ....
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1972
SIC
Code

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354

3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356

3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585

359
3592
3599
36
361

3612
3613
362
3621

3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

$11.16 $11.06 $11.12 $11.12
12.43 12.23 12.44 12.45
11.42 11.42 11.61 11.26
11.00
11.18
10.97
11.21
9.83
9.68
9.90
9.92
9.74
9.69
9.67
9.69
10.94 11.03 11.09 11.12
11.04 11.16 11.06
10.93
11.46 11.35 11.39
11.34
11.62 11.72 11.84 11.89
9.97 10.01 10.03
9.90
8.51
8.39
8.49
8.47
10.64 10.61
10.45
10.41
10.59 10.67
10.59
10.56
8.87
8.54
8.73
8.47
11.49
11.08
11.46
11.06
10.23 10.29 10.36 10.40
11.10
10.94
10.98
10.87
10.80
10.79
10.90
10.70
9.96 10.12 10.17 10.29
9.03
9.11
9.33
9.25
10.40 10.46 10.08 10.09
10.40 10.49 10.44 10.40
10.08 10.12 10.34 10.47
10.06 10.08 10.36 10.48
10.36
10.40
10.36
10.23
10.59
10.60
10.62
10.42
10.24 10.25 10.37 10.41
12.76
12.64
12.77
12.68
10.06
10.01
9.83
9.83

9.64
8.96
8.76
9.16
9.69
9.61
9.60
9.64

9.70
9.06
8.92

9.89

9.21

9.36

9.74
9.67

9.84
9.70

9.68

9.76

9.56

11.38
11.49

11.03
11.40
7.25
8.88
9.84
8.38
9.28
6.44
9.27

9.89
11.30
11.82
7.23

7.15
8.82

3641
3643

9.76

3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

9.28
6.50
9.45

8.42

9.60

9.71
11.21
10.62
11.44
8.66

11.40
11.18
11.49
8.73

10.65

10.79

10.29
7.82
10.54

10.37
7.88
10.43
11.09
10.84

11.09
11.10

9.17
8.98

9.10
10.45
8.64

9.33
6.81

9.22
9.51
11.78

11.15
12.01
8.94

11.01
10.64
8.08

10.27
11.02

10.72

9.90
9.31
9.17
9.45
9.83
9.68
9.78
9.85
11.33
11.76
7.26
9.10
10.68
8.56
9.44
6.68
8.99
9.26
11.79
11.18
12.01
8.99
10.99
10.77
8.12
10.45
11.15
11.06

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

$462.02
523.30
459.08
447.28
415.65
405.04
458.39
455.78
455.87
498.50
394.02
354.05
432.02
437.18
359.98
446.82
420.45
444.58
451.54
397.40
378.07
435.76
423.28
419.33
419.50
415.34
424.09
416.77
524.95
399.10

$456.78
509.99
467.08
447.20
412.83
404.21
468.78
460.37
475.59
510.99
402.79
359.98
437.86
447.96
362.95
448.74
428.06
446.35
460.73
414.92
379.26
444.55
448.97
427.06
426.38
429.94
444.78
422.30
543.58
402.05

$464.82
526.21
488.78
460.90
407.53
386.80
465.78
460.91
473.30
504.38
410.41
350.70
439.43
441.60
369.88
456.15
429.94
460.65
469.80
415.95
376.48
410.26
434.30
429.11
425.80
432.01
450.29
428.28
518.46
414.41

$471.49
541.58
479.68
460.74
422.69
388.57
468.15
461.20
488.63
507.70
411.23
353.17
442.44
448.14
368.41
454.96
431.60
471.04
462.16
418.80
386.26
412.68
430.56
442.88
439.11
428.48
438.84
429.93
520.77
416.48

400.61
375.08
381.78
368.40
398.37
399.37
389.14
393.87
440.10
491.34
300.15
359.64
403.44
337.71
378.62
251.80
394.90
412.80
471.96
467.32
474.54
361.42
468.29
430.36
327.81
438.06
489.07
457.45

399.56
371.39
366.38
377.21
402.46
396.73
389.42
390.66
446.35
499.99
279.80
354.9.0
412.78
333.50
368.54
256.06
370.64
378.50
484.16
470.53
488.81
362.07
449.21
435.18
328.05
417.99
447.41
443.81

403.92 $402.38
380.78
382.39
378.95
405.98
398.82
393.16
391.05
456.60
485.69
291.85
362.18
418.66
338.98
384.21
261.86
369.49
375.03
484.57
474.03
488.81
366.79
459.38
434.03
333.73
434.72
462.73
468.94

$9.96 394.28
368.26
372.30
363.65
391.48
392.09
384.96
391.38
447.23
482.58
289.58
353.68
396.26
336.80
376.77
252.20
402.57
418.50
460.73
436.48
469.04
354.19
460.08
421.89
319.84
440.57
489.07
463.98

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

See footnotes at end of table.




119

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts ..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1972
SIC
Code

37
371

3711
3713
3714
3715
372

3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761

379
3792

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39
391
3911
393

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
See footnotes at end of table.

120




3841
3842
385
386
387

394

3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
20
201
2011

2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Average overtime hours
Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

41.6
41.4
40.3
41.1
42.4
40.9
42.6
41.9
42.6
43.5
40.2
40.6
39.4
41.1
42.4
42.6
40.8
39.0

42.3
42.5
42.4
40.6
43.0
40.5
42.9
42.1
43.4
43.8
40.7
41.1
39.7
40.9
41.9
42.0
41.9
39.0

41.0
41.1
40.8
42.7
41.1
40.7
41.6
41.5
41.5
41.9
39.7
39.9
39.3
40.6
41.3
41.1
39.6
38.7

41.0
40.7
38.9
42.3
42.0
41.5
42.1
41.8
42.6
42.1
39.8
39.8
39.7
40.6
42.2
42.1
39.4
38.0

41.1
41.1

4.1
3.9
3.6
3.4
4.3
3.3
5.1
4.5
5.6
5.6
2.8
3.1
2.3
3.0
4.4
4.6
3.6
2.6

4.5
4.4
4.4
3.0
4.7
2.8
5.3
4.5
5.9
5.9
3.1
3.4
2.4
2.9
4.3
4.5
4.4
2.5

3.8
3.5
3.3
4.6
3.7
2.8
4.8
4.4
4.4
5.5
2.5
2.7
2.3
2.2
3.6
3.7
3.8
2.6

4.0
3.9
3.2
4.5
4.5
3.8
4.8
4.3
5.3
5.3
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.0
4.1
4.2
3.4
2.2

40.5
41.7
40.2
39.0
40.6
40.0
40.8
40.3
40.6
40.2
40.6
40.8
40.3

40.8
41.6
40.6
39.9
40.7
40.3
41.9
40.6
40.6
40.8
39.9
41.2
40.9

40.9
41.1
40.7
39.3
41.4
40.0
41.6
40.2
40.3
40.1
40.2
42.9
41.0

41.4
41.8
41.2
39.8
42.2
41.0
42.1
40.6
40.5
40.6
41.3
43.4
40.2

40.8

2.5
2.9
2.1
1.8
2.5
1.9
2.3
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.6
2.8
1.3

2.8
3.0
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.1
2.9
2.8
3.0
2.8
2.6
3.4
2.4

2.6
3.1
2.2
2.1
2.8
2.1
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.7
3.2
2.3

3.0
3.3
2.7
3.1
3.3
2.4
3.0
2.9
2.7
3.1
2.7
3.8
2.3

39.2
37.8
36.8
40.7
39.2
38.5
39.8
39.8
38.6
37.5
39.8
39.9

39.5
38.9
37.8
41.3
39.2
39.1
39.2
40.2
38.6
37.4
40.1
40.4

38.8
37.2
36.4
41.0
38.6
37.6
39.5
40.6
35.6
34.1
39.9
39.3

39.4
38.0
37.2
41.4
39.6
38.6
40.5
40.5
37.1
34.8
40.2
39.7

39.3

2.2
1.9
1.4
3.0
1.8
2.0
1.6
1.9
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.5

2.6
2.6
2.2
3.2
2.0
2.1
1.8
2.2
3.2
3.5
2.9
3.0

2.2
1.5
1.2
2.4
1.9
1.5
2.4
2.1
2.4
2.0
2.7
2.3

2.7
2.0
1.8
3.2
2.5
2.5
2.5
1.9
3.3
2.7
3.0
2.8

40.1
40.6
40.1
41.4
40.6
39.1
41.5
39.9
42.4
41.0
43.0
40.8
39.8
43.9
47.4
42.9
39.7
39.2
41.2

40.1
40.4
40.5
41.5
40.5
39.9
41.2
39.6
42.8
39.6
44.3
39.1
37.5
44.6
48.6
43.9
40.3
39.7
41.8

40.0
39.9
39.6
40.8
40.9
38.4
41.5
39.3
42.3
38.0
40.0
36.6
37.5
44.3
47.3
44.1
39.7
39.3
40.5

40.4
40.7
40.1
41.9
41.3
38.3
41.4
39.5
42.2
40.7
40.5
41.2
40.2
44.2
47.3
43.8
39.8
39.0
41.8

40.1
40.7

3.6
4.6
4.0
4.7
4.0
3.3
4.6
4.0
5.2
5.8
7.0
6.3
5.4
5.9
6.4
5.7
3.8
3.9
3.6

3.7
4.4
4.1
4.9
3.8
3.7
4.3
3.8
5.2
4.8
7.9
4.9
4.5
6.3
7.3
6.2
4.2
4.2
4.1

3.6
4.2
3.6
4.2
4.1
3.1
4.9
4.1
5.2
4.5
4.6
5.0
4.4
6.2
6.9
6.5
4.0
4.3
3.3

3.9
4.7
4.1
4.9
4.2
3.5
4.5
3.7
5.0
6.0
6.0
7.0
6.1
6.0
6.7
6.2
4.0
4.0
4.0

Sept.
1987P

4.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies

Watches, clocks, and watchcases
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers

1972
SIC
Code

37
371
3711
3713

3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761

379
3792
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384

3841
3842
385
386
387

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052

Average hourly earnings

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

9.54
10.23
9.34
8.76
9.48
9.49
10.51

9.74
10.78

9.79
10.84
9.62
9.05
9.48
9.89
10.48

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

$542.29
570.35
634.73
444.98
543.95
383.94
554.27

$526.03 $528.90 $539.23
549.10 546.19 564.71
622.61 598.28
494.04 480.95
516.63 531.72
380.14 389.27
548.29 558.25

571.58
524.29
428.98
478.40
316.01
510.43
513.28
530.04
448.75
344.76

550.71
518.30
408.51
461.24
312.83
488.42
527.81
538.41
415.40
327.02

575.53
517.83
409.94
458.89
316.41
490.04
546.07
558.25
412.12
322.24

9.84 383.54
425.34
374.66
343.20
384.48
380.00
425.54
340.94
349.57
335.67
293.13
516.53
277.26

389.23
425.57
379.20
349.52
385.84
382.45
440.37
346.32
353.63
341.90
288.48
532.72
285.07

398.37
443.06
390.72
350.95
394.54
392.40
439.30
348.53
355.85
340.45
301.10
557.27
294.79

405.31
453.11
396.34
360.19
400.06
405.49
441.21
353.22
356.00
349.16
309.34
578.09
288.23

401.47

$12.70 $12.82 $12.83 $12.90 $13.12 $528.32
13.29 13.42 13.36 13.42 13.74 550.21
15.00 14.97 15.26 15.38
604.50
10.80 10.96 11.57 11.37
443.88
12.56 12.65 12.57 12.66
532.54
9.48
9.60
9.34
392.64
9.38
12.89 12.92 13.18 13.26
549.11
(2)
560.19
$13.15 $13.17 $13.27 $13.51
520.26
11.96 11.97 12.37 12.30
420.09
10.45 10.54 10.29 10.30
468.93
11.55 11.64 11.56 11.53
313.23
7.96
7.96
7.95
7.97
510.87
12.43 12.48 12.03 12.07
516.43
12.18 12.25 12.78 12.94
532.07
12.49 12.62 13.10 13.26
422.28
10.35 10.71 10.49 10.46
340.08
8.48
8.84
8.45
8.72
9.47
10.20
9.32

Sept.
1986

8.61
8.35
7.22

8.53
8.71
8.38
7.23

12.66
6.88

12.93
6.97

9.60
8.93
9.53
9.81
10.56
8.67
8.83
8.49
7.49
12.99
7.19

7.51
8.15
8.14
7.25
6.90
6.78
7.01
7.65
6.04
5.63
8.23
8.66

7.58
8.19
8.18
7.18
7.02
6.81
7.21
111
6.08
5.72
8.28
8.68

7.72
8.22
8.29
7.52
7.14
6.85
7.37
7.67
6.22
5.81
8.48
8.79

7.71
8.27
8.39
7.47
7.16
6.88
7.40
7.63
6.25
5.83
8.50
8.84

7.78 294.39

299.41
318.59
309.20
296.53
275.18
266.27
282.63
312.35
234.69
213.93
332.03
350.67

299.54
305.78
301.76
308.32
275.60
257.56
291.12
311.40
221.43
198.12
338.35
345.45

303.77
314.26
312.11
309.26
283.54
265.57
299.70
309.02
231.88
202.88
341.70
350.95

305.75

308.07
299.55
295.08
270.48
261.03
279.00
304.47
233.14
211.13
327.55
345.53

8.94
8.66
7.31
8.25
8.75
5.91
9.44
8.86
9.91
7.81
9.78
7.68
6.99
10.64
10.21
8.17
9.88
9.77
10.14

8.96
8.65
7.32
8.33
8.76
5.93
9.51
8.86
9.97
7.82
9.95
7.59
7.10
10.50
10.21
8.23
9.96
9.89
10.14

9.16
8.88
7.40
8.30
8.87
6.12
9.62
9.02
10.12
8.15
10.25
8.11
7.41

9.11
8.81
7.44
8.40
8.76
6.15
9.60
8.86
10.08
7.96
10.06
7.97
7.14

9.32 358.49
8.95 351.60
293.13
341.55
355.25
231.08
391.76
353.51
420.18
320.21
420.54
313.34
278.20
467.10
483.95
350.49
392.24
382.98
417.77

359.30
349.46
296.46
345.70
354.78
236.61
391.81
350.86
426.72
309.67
440.79
296.77
266.25
468.30
496.21
361.30
401.39
392.63
423.85

366.40
354.31
293.04
338.64
362.78
235.01
399.23
354.49
428.08
309.70
410.00
296.83
277.88
481.54
512.73
366.91
395.81
392.21
403.79

368.04
358.57
298.34
351.96
361.79
235.55
397.44
349.97
425.38
323.97
407.43
328.36
287.03
473.82
500.91
364.42
397.60
388.83
419.67

373.73
364.27

8.80

9.47
9.50
10.43
8.46

8.70

8.79
8.60

7.49
13.32

7.17

10.87

10.72

10.84
8.32
9.97
9.98
9.97

10.59
8.32
9.99
9.97
10.04

See footnotes at end of table.




121

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Average overtime hours
Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

3.4
5.5
2.4
5.1
4.2
5.5
4.1
4.5

3.9
6.2
3.0
5.8
3.7
4.6
3.1
3.8

2.5
4.3
1.7
5.0
4.2
5.4
4.4
4.2

3.3
4.6
2.8
4.9
4.1
4.8
4.4
4.5

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

209

40.7
42.7
39.5
42.8
40.7
42.4
40.4
38.9

40.9
41.5
40.3
43.7
40.0
41.5
39.2
38.1

39.3
41.5
37.7
41.5
41.2
43.4
41.1
39.2

40.7
42.0
39.8
41.1
41.1
42.5
41.6
39.8

Tobacco manufactures .
Cigarettes

21
211

36.2
36.0

38.3
37.0

35.5
34.5

36.4
36.7

35.3

1.1
1.0

1.8
1.5

1.8
1.7

2.0
2.0

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool .
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks .
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228

41.4
42.4
41.4
40.6
40.5
39.4
38.0
38.6
38.5
40.0
42.1
42.8
43.1
42.1
42.9
43.0
43.9
39.1
42.3

41.8
43.2
41.9
41.5
40.5
39.4
37.5
38.6
39.0
40.5
42.1
43.1
43.5
42.2
44.1
42.8
43.7
38.7
42.8

41.6
42.9
42.2
41.1
40.4
39.9
38.5
38.9
39.9
38.9
42.3
42.0
42.9
40.5
43.1
42.3
43.1
37.4
42.5

42.3
43.7
42.5
41.2
40.6
40.8
39.0
40.4
40.8
38.8
42.6
43.2
43.4
42.4
44.0
43.0
43.8
39.2
42.7

41.3

4.4
5.9
4.1
3.6
2.9
3.2
2.7
2.4
3.1
2.7
5.0
5.3
5.3
5.5
4.9
5.1
5.7
3.6
4.1

4.5
6.0
4.3
3.6
3.1
3.2
2.3
2.6
3.2
2.9
4.8
5.3
5.9
5.4
5.6
5.1
5.7
3.5
4.5

4.4
6.2
4.6
1.8
3.6
3.3
3.2
3.0
2.8
2.4
5.2
4.4
4.5
3.8
4.0
5.1
5.7
2.5
4.2

4.7
6.6
4.7
1.2
3.8
3.5
3.3
2.9
3.6
1.7
4.8
5.3
5.2
4.7
4.9
5.3
5.9
3.1
4.7

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear..
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
,
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233

36.7
34.3
37.1
37.1
36.1
36.2
35.0
35.9
34.4
35.0
35.0
38.0
38.3
36.5
36.7
35.8
37.7
39.4
38.2
39.6
40.9

36.8
35.0
36.8
37.3
36.0
35.5
35.0
35.7
34.1
35.8
35.0
38.3
38.7
36.1
36.5
35.2
37.9
39.9
38.0
39.5
42.1

37.0
35.9
37.4
37.7
36.9
37.2
35.9
35.0
35.7
36.6
36.0
37.5
38.2
33.7
38.0
36.0
37.8
38.2
37.1
38.5
39.1

37.4
35.8
37.9
38.1
37.3
37.6
36.2
35.8
35.4
37.1
36.5
38.2
38.5
36.7
36.2
34.6
38.2
39.3
38.5
39.4
41.1

36.0

1.6
.7
1.3
1.3
.6
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.3
1.5
1.3
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.4
1.3
1.5
3.0
1.5
3.1
5.3

1.8
.8
1.3
1.3
.7
1.1
1.5
1.4
1.1
2.0
1.5
2.0
2.1
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.9
3.5
2.1
3.4
6.0

1.7
1.0
1.5
1.5
.9
1.7
1.6
.9
1.6
2.3
1.7
1.3
1.3
1.1
2.0
1.3
1.6
2.4
1.2
3.0
3.4

1.9
1.2
1.8
1.8
1.5
2.0
1.8
1.3
1.5
2.5
1.8
1.6
1.5
2.0
1.7
1.0
1.7
2.9
1.8
3.3
4.7

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper..
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
,
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes .
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes .
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264

43.2
44.8
45.0
43.8
42.1
43.0
42.1
42.0
42.8
42.3
44.1
41.3

43.2
45.3
45.6
44.0
41.6
42.0
42.3
42.4
42.9
42.4
44.3
40.3

43.2
45.6
45.7
43.6
42.3
44.3
41.9
42.1
41.9
41.5
42.5
41.6

43.2
44.9
45.0
43.7
42.0
43.9
41.4
41.9
42.8
42.5
43.5
41.8

44.2

4.9
6.6
6.7
6.5
3.5
3.0
3.5
4.2
4.5
4.0
4.9
5.0

5.1
6.7
6.9
6.8
3.6
3.1
3.6
4.4
4.7
4.1
5.4
4.6

5.2
6.8
7.0
7.2
4.0
4.5
3.1
4.5
4.4
4.3
4.8
4.7

5.2
6.5
6.7
7.2
3.9
4.3
3.1
4.3
4.9
4.6
5.4
4.4

Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products.

See footnotes at end of table.

122




206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086

2281
2282
229

2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342

236
2361
238

239
2391

2392
2396

2641
2642
2643
265

2651
2653
2654

Sept.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

$368.34
467.99
304.15
384.77
476.19
689.42
370.06
310.03

$363.19
434.92
305.88
390.68
465.60
671.89
357.11
304.80

$369.03
457.33
308.76
393.84
486.57
719.14
390.86
318.70

$378.92
467.46
321.19
389.22
486.21
699.55
394.78
326.36

470.71
583.86

527.18
589.26

513.24
613.99

$457.84

293.44
321.84
314.25
307.93
269.33
252.55
237.75
233.92
250.38
238.14
294.70
315.92
324.51
324.10
326.34
281.20
287.98
251.94
338.98

297.02
323.04
324.52
310.72
273.10
259.35
250.64
241.57
253.37
238.85
302.45
310.38
317.03
307.80
321.10
285.53
290.93
251.33
343.40

303.29
330.81
327.25
311.47
274.86
265.61
254.28
250.88
259.49
235.90
304.59
320.11
323.76
323.09
329.12
293.69
299.15
268.91
345.87

299.01

Aug.
1987 P

Sept.
1987P

206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

$9.05
10.96
7.70
8.99
16.26
9.16
7.97

7.59
8.94
11.64
16.19
9.11
8.00

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

13.55
15.84

12.29
15.78

14.85
17.08

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

6.97
7.39
7.48
7.37
6.57
6.36
6.31
6.01
6.33
5.87
6.97
7.34
7.41
7.70
7.29
6.55
6.55
6.52
7.90

7.02
7.45
7.50
7.42
6.65
6.41
6.34
6.06
6.42
5.88
7.00
7.33
7.46
7.68
7.40
6.57
6.59
6.51
7.92

7.14
7.53
7.69
7.56
6.76
6.50
6.51
6.21
6.35
6.14
7.15
7.39
7.39
7.60
7.45
6.75
6.75
6.72
8.08

7.17
7.57
7.70
7.56
6.77
6.51
6.52
6.21
6.36
6.08
7.15
7.41
7.46
7.62
7.48
6.83
6.83
6.86
8.10

7.24 288.56

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

5.83
6.58
5.36
5.13
5.21
5.47
5.62
5.10
5.78
6.48
5.47
5.33
5.19
6.09
5.19
4.95
5.54
7.14
5.63
6.00
11.35

5.91
6.68
5.40
5.16
5.22
5.53
5.69
5.09
5.92
6.51
5.53
5.41
5.25
6.28
5.18
4.98
5.61
7.27
5.61
6.05
11.58

5.89
6.67
5.41
5.21
5.26
5.56
5.76
5.04
6.11
6.63
5.58
5.50
5.34
6.45
5.29
5.19
5.72
7.02
5.71
6.11
10.67

5.90
6.63
5.41
5.25
5.24
5.51
5.73
5.01
6.03
6.49
5.58
5.52
5.37
6.41
5.30
5.21
5.80
7.08
5.69
6.10
10.87

6.04 213.96

225.69
198.86
190.32
188.08
198.01
196.70
183.09
198.83
226.80
191.45
202.54
198.78
222.29
190.47
177.21
208.86
281.32
215.07
237.60
464.22

217.49
233.80
198.72
192.47
187.92
196.32
199.15
181.71
201.87
233.06
193.55
207.20
203.18
226.71
189.07
175.30
212.62
290.07
213.18
238.98
487.52

217.93
239.45
202.33
196.42
194.09
206.83
206.78
176.40
218.13
242.66
200.88
206.25
203.99
217.37
201.02
186.84
216.22
268.16
211.84
235.24
417.20

220.66
237.35
205.04
200.03
195.45
207.18
207.43
179.36
213.46
240.78
203.67
210.86
206.75
235.25
191.86
180.27
221.56
278.24
219.07
240.34
446.76

217.44

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

11.19
13.69

11.23
13.75
13.81
14.02

11.48

11.41

9.65
11.08
8.88
8.98
9.61
9.81
9.92
9.26

9.96
11.03
9.29
9.27
9.75

13.99
14.09
14.25
9.93
11.06
9.32
9.29
9.73

10.18

10.14

9.95
9.38

9.95
9.40

11.71 483.41
613.31
620.10
611.89
405.84
469.13
371.32
379.26
410.88
414.54
437.47
381.61

485.14
622.88
629.74
616.88
401.44
465.36
375.62
380.75
412.27
415.94
439.46
373.18

495.94
641.14
647.11
626.53
421.31
488.63
389.25
390.27
408.53
422.47
422.88
390.21

492.91
628.15
634.05
622.73
417.06
485.53
385.85
389.25
416.44
430.95
432.83
392.92

517.58

14.06
14.16

11.70

13.78

13.97
9.64
10.91
8.82
9.03

9.60
9.80
9.92
9.24

$8.88
10.48

$9.39
11.02
8.19
9.49
11.81
16.57
9.51

Aug.
1987P

Average weekly earnings

8.13

14.37

$9.31
11.1
8.07
9.47
11.83

16.46
9.49
8.20

14.10 $12.97 490.51
570.24
16.73

313.34
309.67
299.22
266.09
250.58
239.78
231.99
243.71
234.80
293.44
314.15
319.37
324.17
312.74
281.65
287.55
254.93
334.17

See footnotes at end of table.




123

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

1972
SIC
Code

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275

2751
2752
276
278

279

Chemicals and allied products
28
Industrial inorganic chemicals
281
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
2819
Plastics materials and synthetics
282
Plastics materials and resins
2821
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
2824
Drugs
283
Pharmaceutical preparations
2834
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
284
Soap and other detergents
2841
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
2842,3
Toilet preparations
2844
Paints and allied products
285
Industrial organic chemicals
286
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
2865
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee . 2861,9
287
Agricultural chemicals
289
Miscellaneous chemical products

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Average overtime hours
Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

38.1
33.7
38.2
40.8
38.8
44.3
36.6
39.5
38.9
39.6
40.9
38.3
38.9

38.3
33.6
38.5
40.6
38.8
43.4
36.6
39.7
39.1
39.9
40.9
38.9
39.1

37.8
33.5
38.9
37.9
38.5
36.9
36.0
39.2
38.9
39.2
41.4
38.3
38.7

38.1
33.7
40.0
38.9
38.7
39.2
36.4
39.7
39.0
39.6
41.1
38.3
38.6

38.4

3.0
1.7
3.0
4.0
2.8
6.0
2.0
3.6
2.8
3.8
3.0
2.2
4.1

3.3
1.8
3.5
3.8
2.5
5.9
2.6
3.9
3.2
4.2
3.4
2.7
4.1

2.8
1.5
3.3
3.3
2.9
4.0
2.2
3.3
2.7
3.4
4.1
2.3
3.8

3.2
1.6
4.3
3.3
2.7
4.4
2.5
3.8
3.1
3.9
3.9
2.7
4.0

41.7
41.9
42.4
41.8
42.6
41.6
41.8
41.7
40.8
43.7
41.9
38.6
41.2
42.9
41.5
43.4
41.6
40.9

41.8
42.1
42.7
41.8
42.8
41.2
42.0
41.8
40.7
43.9
41.7
38.6
41.8
43.3
43.1
43.4
41.5
41.2

41.9
42.2
42.6
42.4
43.0
42.5
41.0
40.9
41.0
44.5
41.8
38.7
42.2
43.5
42.3
43.9
41.8
40.7

42.1
42.3
42.7
43.0
42.7
43.9
41.3
40.9
41.1
43.6
41.4
39.7
41.9
43.3
42.2
43.6
41.9
41.2

42.8

3.6
3.6
3.6
3.8
4.4
3.4
3.1
3.3
3.5
5.4
3.2
2.6
3.2
4.4
4.8
4.3
3.7
3.5

3.8
3.6
3.8
3.7
4.5
2.9
3.2
3.2
3.6
5.6
3.2
2.7
3.6
5.0
5.2
4.9
3.9
3.8

3.9
4.1
4.1
4.4
4.7
4.0
2.7
2.7
3.4
6.0
3.3
2.0
4.3
5.4
5.4
5.4
3.8
3.4

4.0
4.1
4.0
4.5
4.6
4.1
2.8
2.8
3.5
5.6
3.1
2.5
3.9
5.4
5.3
5.5
3.5
3.7

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29

44.4
44.2
46.3

44.1
43.8
46.5

44.6
44.5
46.4

43.3
42.7
46.5

43.6

291
295

4.8
4.0
8.3

4.7
3.9
8.2

5.1
4.3
8.9

5.0
4.0
9.1

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

30
301
302

41.2
44.1
39.2

41.6
43.4
39.8

41.0
44.2
41.9

41.5
43.8
41.7

41.1

3.8
6.3
2.6

4.0
5.9
2.5

3.9
6.0
3.2

4.2
5.9
2.9

303,4
306
307

42.9
41.1
40.8

43.1
41.3
41.3

41.6
40.2
40.7

42.8
41.2
41.2

4.4
3.3
3.6

3.9
3.5
3.9

4.2
3.1
3.8

5.3
3.7
4.1

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311
314
3143
3144

36.8
39.7
36.1
35.9
36.5
38.0
37.3

36.7
40.2
35.5
35.7
35.0
38.6
37.8

38.6
41.1
39.0
38.9
39.7
37.7
36.0

38.8
42.4
38.5
38.7
38.5
40.0
37.5

36.0

1.5
2.9
1.3
1.1
1.5
1.8
1.7

1.8
2.9
1.5
1.3
1.6
2.0
2.0

2.1
3.0
2.3
2.0
3.0
2.2
1.6

2.4
4.4
2.2
2.2
2.5
2.9
2.9

39.4

39.2

39.4

39.5

39.3

316
317

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

4011

44.3

43.7

43.2

42.7

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

41
411
413

37.0
38.7
39.6

34.2
38.1
38.6

36.5
38.7
40.2

36.8
38.9
39.3

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

38.6
38.6
38.6

38.6
38.6
39.2

38.8
38.8
39.0

39.0
39.0
38.7

Pipe lines, except natural gas

46

41.8

41.2

43.5

42.6

See footnotes at end of table.

124




Sept.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

1972
SIC
Code

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

$10.02 $10.12 $10.25 $10.31 $10.49 $381.76
10.13
9.97
335.99
10.06
10.16
11.00
407.59
10.75
10.70
10.67
373.73
9.16
9.32
9.36
9.37
333.29
8.59
8.84
8.85
8.95
443.44
10.02
10.21
10.04
10.01
329.77
9.01
9.22
9.46
9.57
408.04
10.41
10.53
10.59
10.33
384.33
10.05
10.09
9.88
9.99
415.40
10.68
10.75
10.56
10.49
423.32
10.89
10.80
10.39
10.35
300.66
7.85
7.92
8.11
8.22
471.86
12.29
12.44
12.13
12.47

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

$387.60
338.02
413.88
378.39
342.99
434.87
337.45
413.28
390.61
421.34
424.95
308.09
480.54

$387.45
340.36
416.23
354.74
340.73
376.75
340.56
412.78
390.95
418.66
450.85
310.61
481.43

$392.81 $402.82
341.38
440.00
364.49
346.37
393.57
348.35
420.42
393.51
425.70
443.88
314.83
481.34

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2861,9
287
289

11.99
13.19
13.31
12.13
13.08
11.72
11.21
10.96
10.64
13.80
10.11
8.94
10.45
14.44
14.11
14.54
11.65
11.10

12.03
13.22
13.35
12.17
13.19
11.70
11.20
10.99
10.66
13.83
10.11
8.96
10.51
14.52
14.20
14.62
11.82
11.12

12.37
13.66
13.80
12.50
13.48
11.92
11.63
11.33
10.82
14.04
9.98
9.22
10.80
14.91
14.72
14.96
12.01
11.42

12.32
13.69
13.81
12.47
13.54
11.87
11.67
11.43
10.63
13.96
9.90
9.07
10.74
14.84
14.62
14.90
12.03
11.39

12.57 499.98
552.66
564.34
507.03
557.21
487.55
468.58
457.03
434.11
603.06
423.61
345.08
430.54
619.48
585.57
631.04
484.64
453.99

502.85
556.56
570.05
508.71
564.53
482.04
470.40
459.38
433.86
607.14
421.59
345.86
439.32
628.72
612.02
634.51
490.53
458.14

518.30
576.45
587.88
530.00
579.64
506.60
476.83
463.40
443.62
624.78
417.16
356.81
455.76
648.59
622.66
656.74
502.02
464.79

518.67
579.09
589.69
536.21
578.16
521.09
481.97
467.49
436.89
608.66
409.86
360.08
450.01
642.57
616.96
649.64
504.06
469.27

538.00

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

14.06
15.21
11.12

14.18
15.41
11.05

14.48
15.65
11.44

14.51
15.71
11.55

14.84 624.26
672.28
514.86

625.34
674.96
513.83

645.81
696.43
530.82

628.28
670.82
537.08

647.02

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics produces

30
301
302

8.77
13.91
5.95

8.72
13.60
5.97

8.93
14.29
6.02

8.90
14.19
6.07

9.07 361.32
613.43
233.24

362.75
590.24
237.61

366.13
631.62
252.24

369.35
621.52
253.12

372.78

303,4
306
307

8.74
8.43
8.10

8.67
8.44
8.09

9.00
8.59
8.26

9.00
8.63
8.26

374.95
346.47
330.48

373.68
348.57
334.12

374.40
345.32
336.18

385.20
355.56
340.31

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

5.92
7.72
5.61
5.99
5.32
6.16
5.80

5.95
7.67
5.65
6.02
5.35
6.14
5.79

5.98
8.09
5.69
6.14
5.31
6.13
5.84

6.01
8.18
5.69
6.09
5.34
6.36
5.82

6.21 217.86
306.48
202.52
215.04
194.18
234.08
216.34

218.37
308.33
200.58
214.91
187.25
237.00
218.86

230.83
332.50
221.91
238.85
210.81
231.10
210.24

233.19
346.83
219.07
235.68
205.59
254.40
218.25

223.56

11.67

11.77

12.00

12.01

12.10 459.80

461.38

472.80

474.40

475.53

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

4011

13.96

13.88

14.34

14.32

618.43

606.56

619.49

611.46

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

41
411
413

8.20
8.51
11.57

8.08
8.58
11.60

8.55
9.07
11.77

8.54
8.91
12.04

303.40
329.34
458.17

276.34
326.90
447.76

312.08
351.01
473.15

314.27
346.60
473.17

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

10.64
10.82
8.17

10.73
10.95
8.08

10.75
10.92
8.40

10.71
10.93
7.73

410.70
417.65
315.36

414.18
422.67
316.74

417.10
423.70
327.60

417.69
426.27
299.15

Pipe lines, except natural gas

46

15.00

15.12

15.04

15.21

627.00

622.94

654.24

647.95

See footnotes at end of table.




125

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

48
481
483

39.9
41.1
36.7

40.4
41.8
36.8

40.4
41.9
36.0

40.3
41.7
36.3

49

41.7
41.8
40.5
42.0
43.2

41.7
41.7
41.5
41.7
43.1

41.5
41.2
40.5
42.4
43.1

41.3
41.2
40.4
41.9
42.8

38.5

38.3

38.3

38.4

491

492
493
495

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509

38.9
38.5
36.7
40.0
36.6
40.1
38.5
38.8
39.3
37.5

38.8
38.2
36.6
40.1
36.6
40.3
38.4
38.6
39.3
37.5

38.7
38.5
37.1
39.8
36.4
40.5
38.3
38.6
39.0
37.8

38.9
38.5
37.4
40.2
36.3
40.8
38.5
38.6
39.1
38.0

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

51
511
512

37.9
37.6
37.4
36.8
38.4
39.6
39.3
36.8
37.3

37.7
37.2
37.5
36.7
38.2
38.9
38.9
36.0
37.3

37.7
37.1
37.6
36.6
38.3
39.1
39.1
36.0
36.9

37.7
37.3
37.9
37.1
38.1
39.5
39.0
36.2
37.0

29.9

29.1

30.0

30.2

513
514
516
517
518
519

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

37.1
39.1
33.5

36.6
38.5
32.9

37.4
39.4
34.0

37.6
39.4
34.3

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

29.2
29.0
30.0
30.6

28.7
28.5
29.3
30.0

29.1
28.8
30.1
31.8

29.0
28.7
30.3
31.4

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

30.8
31.1
28.8

30.0
30.2
28.0

31.1
31.4
28.1

31.0
31.2
28.2

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

37.1
37.6
40.0
34.9

36.5
37.3
39.5
33.9

36.9
37.5
39.7
34.7

37.2
37.7
40.1
35.1

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

27.5
30.5
26.0
27.6
28.9

26.6
29.7
25.6
26.4
27.7

28.0
30.6
26.6
27.9
29.1

28.2
30.7
26.8
28.4
29.2

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

57
571
572
573

33.4
33.3
34.8
33.1

33.1
33.0
33.8
33.0

33.4
33.4
34.5
33.2

33.6
33.7
34.7
33.2

Eating and drinking places4

58

26.5

25.5

26.7

27.2

See footnotes at end of table.

126




Average overtime hours
Sept.
1987P

38.1

29.6

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

1972
SIC
Code

48
481
483

49
491
492
493
495

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508

509
51
511
512

513
514
516
517
518
519

Retail trade

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987 P

Sept.
1987 P

$478.80 $495.71 $502.17 $506.57
524.03 542.98 553.50 559.20
387.92 398.18 387.72 394.22

$12.00 $12.27 $12.43 $12.57
12.75 12.99 13.21 13.41
10.57 10.82 10.77 10.86
13.35
13.49
12.41
15.54
9.77

13.51
13.55
12.68
15.82
9.91

13.70
13.83
12.88
16.02
10.05

13.74
13.87
12.96
16.00
10.17

556.70
563.88
502.61
652.68
422.06

563.37
565.04
526.22
659.69
427.12

568.55
569.80
521.64
679.25
433.16

567.46
571.44
523.58
670.40
435.28

9.32

9.37

9.57

9.61

$9.64 358.82

358.87

366.53

369.02 $367.28

9.43
8.37
8.68
9.07
9.75
10.11
9.65
8.95
10.05
7.54

9.48
8.47
8.74
9.10
9.79

9.71
8.60
8.94
9.24
9.78
10.34
9.97
9.20
10.39
7.76

9.76
8.70
8.96
9.33
9.75

111

366.83
322.25
318.56
362.80
356.85
405.41
371.53
347.26
394.97
282.75

367.82
323.55
319.88
364.91
358.31
409.05
372.10
346.24
396.93
284.63

375.78
331.10
331.67
367.75
355.99
418.77
381.85
355.12
405.21
293.33

379.66
334.95
335.10
375.07
353.93
425.95
389.24
357.82
406.64
295.26

9.41
10.14
10.89
9.13
9.47
12.07
9.58
11.16
7.70

347.16
369.23
393.45
321.26
354.05
451.04
384.35
404.80
279.38

346.84
369.40
393.38
324.43
356.02
446.18
379.28
389.88
283.11

353.63
372.11
402.32
334.52
363.47
472.33
374.58
397.44
282.29

354.76
378.22
412.73
338.72
360.81
476.77
373.62
403.99
284.90

178.50

176.35

182.10

183.01

10.15
9.69
8.97
10.10
7.59

10.44
10.11

9.27
10.40

9.16
9.82
10.52
8.73
9.22
11.39
9.78

9.20
9.93
10.49
8.84
9.32
11.47
9.75

11.00
7.49

10.83
7.59

9.38
10.03
10.70
9.14
9.49
12.08
9.58
11.04
7.65

5.97

6.06

6.07

6.06

6.20

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

6.77
7.10
5.74

6.89
7.21
5.80

6.96
7.28
5.93

7.01
7.34
5.91

251.17
277.61
192.29

252.17
277.59
190.82

260.30
286.83
201.62

263.58
289.20
202.71

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

6.27
6.56
4.71
4.84

6.37
6.67
4.77
4.91

6.42
6.73
4.82
4.96

6.42
6.74
4.75
4.98

183.08
190.24
141.30
148.10

182.82
190.10
139.76
147.30

186.82
193.82
145.08
157.73

186.18
193.44
143.93
156.37

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

6.92
7.08
5.43

6.99
7.15
5.52

6.90
7.05
5.57

6.82
6.96
5.60

213.14
220.19
156.38

209.70
215.93
154.56

214.59
221.37
156.52

211.42
217.15
157.92

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

7.72
9.56
6.50
5.43

7.95
9.97
6.51
5.41

7.80
9.59
6.70
5.49

7.88
9.74
6.71
5.50

286.41
359.46
260.00
189.51

290.18
371.88
257.15
183.40

287.82
359.63
265.99
190.50

293.14
367.20
269.07
193.05

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

5.30
6.18
5.06
5.21
5.31

5.39
6.23
5.17
5.37
5.33

5.53
6.59
5.17
5.51
5.54

5.53
6.51
5.20
5.47
5.56

145.75
188.49
131.56
143.80
153.46

143.37
185.03
132.35
141.77
147.64

154.84
201.65
137.52
153.73
161.21

155.95
199.86
139.36
155.35
162.35

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

57
571
572
573

7.29
7.32
7.30
7.25

7.29
7.37
7.35
7.12

7.52
7.58
7.57
7.40

7.57
7.59
7.63
7.50

243.49
243.76
254.04
239.98

241.30
243.21
248.43
234.96

251.17
253.17
261.17
245.68

254.35
255.78
264.76
249.00

Eating and drinking places4

58

4.32

4.35

4.38

4.39

114.48

110.93

116.95

119.41

183.52

See footnotes at end of table.




127

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1972
SIC
Code

59
591

594
596
598
599

Finance, insurance, and real estate5

Average weekly hours
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

30.7
29.1
29.5
32.9
38.2
32.0

30.2
28.3
28.7
32.7
38.1
31.7

30.6
28.7
29.6
33.0
38.1
31.8

30.8
29.0
29.7
33.1
38.3
32.1

36.5

36.2

36.2

36.5

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks

60
602

36.5
36.5

36.1
36.1

36.1
36.1

36.7
36.6

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

61
612
614

37.0
36.3
36.5

36.6
35.9
36.1

36.5
35.9
37.2

37.3
36.4
38.0

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

37.4
36.9
38.1
37.3

37.3
36.7
38.0
37.2

37.1
36.8
37.5
37.0

37.3
36.9
37.4
37.4

32.8

32.4

32.8

33.0

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4

701

31.7

30.5

31.0

32.0

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4

721
723

34.0
29.6

34.0
29.1

34.1
29.6

34.2
29.8

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

73
731
734
737

33.7
36.4
28.8
38.0

33.4
36.4
28.6
37.8

33.6
36.6
28.8
37.6

33.8
36.6
29.0
37.9

Auto repair, services, and garages

75
753

38.0
39.1

37.4
38.5

37.3
38.8

37.5
38.7

76

38.1

37.8

38.1

38.3

78
781

28.6
36.0

27.8
36.2

30.4
38.6

30.9
38.5

79

30.1

27.9

30.7

30.6

80
801
802
805
806

32.5
30.9
28.0
31.5
34.4

32.3
31.0
27.7
31.4
34.1

32.6
30.8
28.3
32.0
34.5

32.6
31.3
28.5
32.0
34.4

81

34.9

34.4

34.7

35.0

89
891
893

38.5
39.7
37.0

38.4
39.8
36.7

38.3
39.6
36.5

38.3
39.6
36.3

Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Legal services
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
See footnotes at end of table.

128




Average overtime hours
Sept.
1987P

36.0

32.4

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1972
SIC
Code

59
591
594
596
598
599

Finance, insurance, and real estate5

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1987P

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

$187.88
164.12
168.15
230.96
327.76
204.48

$186.33
160.74
165.60
230.86
330.71
202.88

$193.09
168.76
172.57
239.58
337.19
208.93

$194.66
169.65
174.34
239.31
339.72
211.22

Aug.
1987P

$6.12
5.64
5.70
7.02
8.58
6.39

$6.17
5.68
5.77
7.06
8.68
6.40

$6.31
5.88
5.83
7.26
8.85
6.57

$6.32
5.85
5.87
7.23
8.87
6.58

8.34

8.39

8.69

8.79

$8.80 304.41

303.72

314.58

320.84

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks

60
602

7.19
7.01

7.23
7.04

7.40
7.18

7.49
7.27

262.44
255.87

261.00
254.14

267.14
259.20

274.88
266.08

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

61
612
614

7.65
6.98
7.22

7.67
7.03
7.28

7.98
7.39
7.57

8.10
7.51
7.65

283.05
253.37
263.53

280.72
252.38
262.81

291.27
265.30
281.60

302.13
273.36
290.70

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

9.10
8.65
9.01
9.44

9.14
8.68
9.06
9.47

9.63
9.19
9.46
9.94

9.72
9.24
9.54
10.05

340.34
319.19
343.28
352.11

340.92
318.56
344.28
352.28

357.27
338.19
354.75
367.78

362.56
340.96
356.80
375.87

8.04

8.19

8.33

8.39

263.71

265.36

273.22

276.87

Services

8.51

Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4

701

5.76

5.98

5.96

5.93

182.59

182.39

184.76

189.76

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4

721
723

5.99
6.21

6.00
6.14

6.16
6.49

6.15
6.51

203.66
183.82

204.00
178.67

210.06
192.10

210.33
194.00

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

73
731
734
737

8.37
11.36
6.54
11.61

8.43
11.52
6.56
11.71

8.68
11.73
6.80
12.08

8.72
12.10
6.84
12.21

282.07
413.50
188.35
441.18

281.56
419.33
187.62
442.64

291.65
429.32
195.84
454.21

294.74
442.86
198.36
462.76

Auto repair, services, and garages

75
753

7.55
8.16

7.57
8.19

7.82
8.40

7.85
8.43

286.90
319.06

283.12
315.32

291.69
325.92

294.38
326.24

76

8.79

8.84

9.13

9.16

334.90

334.15

347.85

350.83

78
781

11.30
16.28

12.13
16.33

10.74
14.89

11.46
15.92

323.18
586.08

337.21
591.15

326.50
574.75

354.11
612.92

79

6.14

6.76

6.32

6.27

184.81

188.60

194.02

191.86

80
801
802
805
806

8.36
8.18
8.28
5.78
9.39

8.41
8.21
8.29
5.81
9.48

8.68
8.34
8.42
6.01
9.84

8.71
8.45
8.48
5.99
9.87

271.70
252.76
231.84
182.07
323.02

271.64
254.51
229.63
182.43
323.27

282.97
256.87
238.29
192.32
339.48

283.95
264.49
241.68
191.68
339.53

81

11.14

11.22

11.89

12.07

388.79

385.97

412.58

422.45

89
891
893

11.71
12.50
10.01

11.76
12.63
9.94

12.04
12.80
10.44

12.26
12.95
10.75

450.84
496.25
370.37

451.58
502.67
364.80

461.13
506.88
381.06

469.56
512.82
390.23

Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Legal services
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in the aircraft industry (SIC
3721).
3
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
4
Money payments only; tips, not included.




Sept.
1987P

$316.80

275.72

5
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from all series in this
division.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1986 forward are subject to
revision.

129

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft Manufacturing
For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' average
hourly earnings series for production workers in aircraft
manufacturing (sic 3721) has been used to escalate labor costs
in contracts between aircraft companies and their customers.
Although the Bureau's series by definition takes account of
traditional wage rate changes, it does not capture "lump-sum
payments to workers in lieu of general wage increases" which
were negotiated in aircraft manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
As a service to aircraft companies and other interested parties,
BLS has calculated an average hourly earnings series for sic 3721
which includes lump-sum payments. This series is presented in
table C-2a along with the average hourly earnings series produced as part of the Current Employment Statistics program. The
series begins in October 1983, the effective date of the first aircraft bargaining agreement using lump-sum payments.
The* general practice in the industry has been to make this
payment at the beginning of the contract year "in lieu of a
wage increase" and to base the amount of the payment on the
workers' earnings during the preceding year. As a result, the
Bureau considered three approaches to the method for
calculating an average hourly earnings series which includes
lump-sum payments:
1. The entire payment could be included in the month in
which the payment was made.
2. The payments could be prorated backward to payroll
periods used to determine the amount of the lump-sum
payment.
3. The payments could be prorated forward as an advance

payment for payroll periods in the year following the
payment.
The first approach, attractive because it includes the payment in the month in which it is received by the worker, creates
1-month "spikes" and a series which would not be useful for
escalation purposes. The second approach, which prorates the
payments backward, places emphasis on the determination of
the amount of the payment from workers' earnings in the
previous year. This approach generally relates the payments to
the workers who receive them. However, the Bureau has
received statements from both union and company officials
who negotiated the agreements covering a majority of the
workers in the industry. These statements make clear that the
intent of the bargainers was to make an advance payment for
the upcoming contract year in lieu of an increase in wage rates
for that following year.
Because BLS has a longstanding policy of leaving the interpretation of collective bargaining agreements to the parties involved,
the Bureau calculated the inclusion of lump-sum payments using
the third method, prorating the payments forward through the
years covered by the contract. Because the payments prorated forward under this approach may include payments to workers no
longer on the payroll, data provided by the aircraft companies
have been used to adjust for this difference.
Lump-sum payments are but one of several recent changes
in the way that employees are compensated. The changes are
widespread and they differ by industry. Because of these
developments, the Bureau plans to conduct a broad-based
review of all concepts and definitions used in its earnings and
wage programs to determine the proper treatment of lumpsum payments and other new compensation practices.

C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing (SIC 3721)

Year

Annual
average

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

$12.76
13.04
13.35
13.52

$12.83
13.05
13.37
13.67

$12.93
13.13
13.48
13.65

$12.83
13.26
13.54
14.19

$12.92
13.28
13.57
14.31

$13.03
13.37
13.68
14.26

Average hourly earnings, excluding lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987

$12.91
13.18
13.48

$12.82
13.01
13.38
13.61

$12.88
13.12
13.44
13.61

$12.85
13.11
13.46
13.66

$12.81
13.04
13.45
13.63

$12.78
13.06
13.38
13.73

$12.87
13.11
13.42
13.72

$12.89
13.05
13.41
13.68

$12.87
13.16
13.44
p
13.77

$12.97
13.26
13.48

Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
p

= preliminary.

130




$13.11
13.40
13.80

$12.95
13.26
13.58
14.21

$13.02
13.36
13.64
14.25

$13.02
13.33
13.66
14.29

$12.98
13.26
13.68
14.36

$12.97
13.27
13.60
14.42

$13.06
13.33
13.64
14.39

$13.11
13.29
13.61
14.37

$13.09
13.39
13.63
p
14.43

$13.19
13.48
13.67

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, 1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Industry

Aug.
1986

Sept.
1986

July
1987

Manufacturing

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

$9.27

$9.31

$9.46

$9.41

$9.56

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ..
Miscellaneous manufacturing

9.80
7.95
7.25
9.48
11.18
9.42
10.18
9.32
12.11
9.19
7.30

9.84
7.98
7.28
9.51
11.24
9.45
10.17
9.35
12.18
9.22
7.34

9.97
8.07
7.42
9.71
11.33
9.53
10.28
9.56
12.27
9.44
7.50

9.94
8.05
7.45
9.69
11.25
9.51
10.28
9.55
12.30
9.45
7.45

10.06
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .,
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

8.56
8.20
13.35
6.62
5.70
10.59
9.64
11.49
13.33
8.38
5.80

8.57
8.21
12.01
6.66
5.77
10.61
9.70
11.51
13.46
8.31
5.81

8.77
8.43
14.47
6.78
5.76
10.83
9.88
11.81
13.70
8.52
5.82

8.70
8.33
13.72
6.79
5.75
10.76
9.89
11.76
13.73
8.47
5.83

$8.87
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
"* = preliminary.

/2\

l2\
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1986 forward are
subject to revision.

C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars.
Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Industry

Sept.
1986

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987P

July
1987

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

$8.70
4.88

$8.82
4.93

$8.91
4.82

$8.94
4.81

$9.06

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

12.51
7.02

12.52
6.99

12.31
6.66

12.35
6.64

$12.48

529.17
296.95

527.09
294.46

518.25
280.29

526.11
283.01

$520.42

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

12.44
6.98

12.59
7.03

12.57
6.80

12.67
6.82

$12.80

476.45
267.37

484.72
270.79

485.20
262.41

489.06
263.08

$464.64

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

9.68
5.43

9.73
5.44

9.87
5.34

9.86
5.30

$10.02

393.98
221.09

398.93
222.87

400.72
216.72

403.27
216.93

$406.81

11.67
6.55

11.77
6.58

12.00
6.49

12.01
6.46

$12.10

459.80
258.02

461.38
257.75

472.80
255.71

474.40
255.19

$475.53

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

9.32
5.23

9.37
5.23

9.57
5.18

9.61
5.17

$9.64

358.82
201.36

358.87
200.49

366.53
198.23

369.02
198.50

$367.28

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

5.97
3.35

6.06
3.39

6.07
3.28

6.06
3.26

$6.20

178.50
100.17

176.35
98.52

182.10
98.49

183.01
98.45

$183.52

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

8.34
4.68

8.39
4.69

8.69
4.70

8.79
4.73

$8.80

304.41
170.82

303.72
169.68

314.58
170.14

320.84
172.59

$316.80

8.04
4.51

8.19
4.58

8.33
4.51

8.39
4.51

$8.51

263.71
147.99

265.36
148.25

273.22
147.77

276.87
148.93

$275.72

0

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Sept.
1986

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

Aug.
1987P

Sept.
1987"

Aug.
1986

$305.37 $306.94 $312.74 $315.58 $314.38
169.14
169.76
171.36 171.47

0

Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
0
= preliminary.




NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced all unadjusted data from April 1986 forward are subject to
revision.

131

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1987

1.986
Industry
Sept.

Total private
Mining

34.7

34.7

0

ft

Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

Nov.

34.8

40.8
3.5
41.4
3.6
40.3
40.0
42.4
42.1
41.9
41.5
41.7
41.2
42.4
42.7
40.7

40.7
3.5
41.3
3.5
40.4
39.9
42.3
42.3
42.4
41.3
41.7
41.0
42.1
42.1
40.9

Dec,

34.6

39.9
3.4
39.8
2
()
41.4
36.8
43.1
38.0
42.0
43.7

34.7

Feb.

34.9

Mar.

34.8

Apr.

34.7

May

34.9

O
40.8
3.5
41.4
3.5
40.8
39.8
41.9
42.4
42.5
41.4
41.7
41.0
42.2
42.4
41.1

40.8
3.6
41.4
3.6
40.6
39.9
42.2
42.5
42.6
41.2
41.7
41.0
42.1
42.4
41.1

ft

39.9
3.3
39.8
2
()
41.4
36.8
42.9
38.0
41.8
43.5

Jan.

ft

ft

Construction
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Oct.

40.9
3.6
41.6
3.7
40.8
40.2
42.5
42.6
42.7
41.6
42.0
41.0
42.3
42.9
41.2

41.1
3.6
41.7
3.7
41.3
40.2
42.8
42.6
42.3
41.6
42.2
41.1
42.5
43.0
41.3

ft

ft

40.0
3.5
40.0
2
()
41.4
36.9
43.2
38.0
42.3
43.8

40.0
3.5
39.8
2
()
41.6
37.0
43.2
38.0
42.1
43.6

40.1
3.5
40.0
2
()
41.6
37.0
43.4
37.9
42.2
44.6

40.9
3.6
41.5
3.7
40.9
40.0
42.5
42.6
42.3
41.5
42.0
40.9
42.3
42.9
41.3

40.3
3.5
40.1
2
()
42.0
37.4
43.3
38.1
42.2
44.0

40.1
3.5
40.0
2
()
42.1
37.0
43.0
37.9
42.0
44.1

40.6
3.5
41.2
3.6
40.6
39.1
41.9
42.3
42.4
41.2
41.8
40.6
41.9
42.1
41.0

ft

39.7
3.3
39.8
2
()
41.4
36.1
43.0
37.7
42.2
43.9
(2)

41.0
3.8
41.6
3.9
41.0
39.9
42.3
43.1
43.3
41.6
42.2
40.8
42.2
42.5
41.5

June

34.8

July

34.8

Aug."

Sept."

34.9

34.6

ft

ft

ft

ft

41.0
3.7
41.5
3.8
40.6
40.0
42.0
43.1
43.5
41.5
42.2
41.1
41.9
42.0
41.5

41.0
3.8
41.6
3.8
40.6
40.0
42.2
43.4
44.1
41.4
42.4
41.1
41.7
41.9
41.6

ft

ft

41.0
3.8
41.6
4.0
40.4
40.1
42.1
43.7
44.3
41.5
42.2
41.0
41.8
41.8
41.8

40.4
3.6
40.8
3.6
39.3
39.3
41.8
43.0
44.1
40.6
41.5
40.3
41.2
41.3
40.8

ft

ft

40.3
3.7
40.3

39.9
3.7
40.1

40.2
3.6
40.1

ft

ft

40.3
3.7
39.9

ft

ft

42.1
37.1
43.3
38.1
42.0
43.3
(2)

ft

42.0
37.2
43.5
37.9
42.1
44.3

42.4
37.3
43.5
38.1
42.2
44.4
(2)

42.1
37.4
43.4
37.9
42.4
43.1

ft

ft
ft

40.9
36.0
43.9
38.1
42.8
43.0

40.2
3.7
40.1

ft
ft

ft
ft

ft2

Transportation and public utilities

39.1

39.1

39.2

38.9

39.0

39.2

39.0

39.0

39.2

38.8

39.2

39.2

39.2

Wholesale trade

38.2

38.3

38.3

38.2

38.3

38.3

38.1

38.2

38.3

38.2

38.1

38.3

38.0

Retail trade

29.1

29.1

29.2

28.9

29.0

29.3

29.3

29.5

29.4

29.2

29.3

29.5

29.6

Finance, insurance, and real estate

ft

()

()

()

()

()

ft

ft

ft

ft

Services

32.4

32.4

32.5

32.4

32.4

32.6

32.5

32.5

32.6

32.5

1

2

2

2

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular

132




ft

ft

2

2

2

()
32.4

32.5

32.5

components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1983 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1977 = 100)
1986

1987

Industry

Aug.p

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Total private

117.6

117.7

118.2

117.9

118.7

119.7

119.6

119.6

120.2

120.0

120.6

121.2

120.2

Goods-producing

97.8

97.6

97.8

97.8

98.8

99.3

98.9

98.0

99.2

98.9

99.5

99.7

97.4

80.7

81.0

79.5

79.5

78.9

79.9

80.0

81.3

83.4

83.5

85.0

85.6

83.7

132.3

131.6

131.1

130.7

136.2

136.2

135.5

132.8

134.3

132.6

133.2

133.6

124.0

91.9

91.8

92.2

92.3

92.5

93.1

92.8

92.1

93.1

93.1

93.6

93.9

92.9

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

89.8
98.7
107.1
86.7
60.4
46.6
88.9
85.0
101.3
97.5
87.1
101.9
79.3

89.5
99.2

89.8
100.9
106.3
85.5
60.9
47.1

89.8

90.0
101.5
107.9
87.3
60.4
46.1
89.1

90.6
103.3
107.9

90.2
102.5
107.9

88.3

87.5

61.2
46.8
89.1

61.9
47.7

89.6
102.0
105.7
86.3
62.1
49.6

90.5
103.2
109.0
86.9
63.1
50.7

88.4
84.8

89.0
86.0

91.3
101.2
111.7
86.3
65.3
53.4
89.4

85.1

88.9
84.7

90.6
102.4
111.6
86.1
64.4
52.6
89.0

84.2
100.8

87.0

87.4

99.9
98.2

99.0
96.6

100.6
94.3

100.8
97.2

88.0

85.6
101.0

99.4
97.3
86.1
102.0
81.0

90.5
101.7
109.5
86.1
63.5
51.4
89.1
86.5
99.9
96.6
85.1
102.2

81.5
103.0

81.4

81.9

85.8
103.3
82.0

90.1
98.6
109.9
86.1
65.9
54.1
87.9
86.7
99.3
95.2
83.4

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

95.0
97.6
76.5
79.2
85.0
98.9
128.4
92.5
81.4
111.6
55.2

95.3
97.6
76.9
79.6
85.1
99.7
128.9
92.8
81.8
112.0
55.4

97.0
99.6
80.1
82.9

97.0
99.3
76.3

98.1
99.6
73.1

97.7
99.5
71.6

83.3

85.9

84.8
88.2
100.8
131.4

83.7

85.8
100.5
130.0

128.5

128.8

Transportation and public utilities

106.1

106.1

Wholesale trade

116.8

116.9

Retail trade

118.4

118.6

Finance, insurance, and real estate

137.8

139.0

Services

146.7

146.9

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

106.8
86.1
60.7
47.7
88.3
84.4

100.8
96.8
84.9
101.8
79.0

88.5

84.1
101.1
97.9
87.0

102.1
80.2
95.8
98.7
76.7
80.1
85.2

101.0

106.5
86.5
61.1
46.9
88.3
83.8
101.5
97.2
86.3
102.1

81.0
96.0
98.5
75.9

87.5

101.8
81.0
96.3
98.8
76.3
81.2
85.8
100.6
129.5
93.2

93.4
82.0

129.4
92.7
81.6

112.4

112.7

112.9

96.7
99.3
76.0
82.3
86.1
100.6
130.2
93.4
83.1
113.5

55.5

56.7

57.4

57.8

100.1
129.1

129.6
107.0
116.8
119.2
140.3
147.9

80.8
86.3
100.5

129.0
106.5
116.4
118.0
139.8
147.8

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.




97.5

100.8
98.9
89.0
102.0
81.1

84.3

129.8
107.0
117.1
118.9
140.4
148.6

131.0
107.8
117.4
120.4
141.0
150.1

101.7
81.1
96.5
99.4
77.7
82.9
85.3
99.7
129.4
93.1
83.3

79.9

113.5
57.8

95.7
99.3
77.3
81.3
83.5
99.5
128.7
93.4
82.9
112.6
57.4

131.0

131.5

107.7

107.9

116.9

117.4

120.3

121.6

141.5

142.0

150.2

150.3

Sept."

101.9
81.0

115.0

95.5
83.0
115.9

97.0
98.9
62.5
81.8
83.9
102.8
132.1
97.0
84.3
114.9

59.7

62.2

61.8

57.8

131.9

131.7

132.3

133.1

132.8

108.5

107.6

109.0

109.4

109.6

117.7

117.6

117.5

118.2

117.2

121.2

120.4

121.2

122.0

122.5

142.5

142.7

142.0

143.4

141.5

151.2

151.7

152.5

153.2

152.8

84.5
114.5

100.0
131.1
92.8
83.4
114.8

59.5

93.7

94.5
84.7

86.6
100.4
131.2

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1983 forward are
subject to revision.

133

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-7. The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1
on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1987

1986
Industry
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

173.2

Aug.p

Sept.1

Hourly Earnings lndex2(1977 = 100)
Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Total private (in constant dollars)4

169.8

170.2

171.2

171.1

3

3

3

3

171.2

171.8

()
154.7
173.2
172.9

()
154.3
173.4
173.5

152.8
173.4
173.6

(3)
159.3

()
174.7

()
153.2
173.0
171.9
(3)
159.3
(3)
175.7

()
177.1

(3)
159.3
(3)
176.6

158.9
(3)
177.5

(3)
158.9
(3)
178.4

95.0

95.1

95.5

95.3

94.7

94.6

()
151.9
172.7
171.7
(3)
159.0
3

3

172.2

3

0

()
152.4
173.7
174.3

153.8
174.3
174.6
(3)
159.0

172.6

172.9

172.9

0

3

3

179.0

153.7
175.0
175.2
(3)
159.8
(3)
179.4

94.4

94.2

0

()
154.1
174.4
176.2
(3)
160.2

()
155.0
174.7
175.6

0
154.7
175.3
176.7

154.4
176.9
176.8

161.5

162.5
(3)
181.7

93.7

()
179.9

()
179.9

94.0

93.8

93.7

3

3

174.7

0
154.3
174.7
176.4
(3)
160.9
(3)
180.5

(3)
160.3

174.1

0
3

()
182.3

0

Average hourly earnings
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

$8.78
$8.86
$8.88
$8.91
$8.95
$8.94
$8.82 $8.86 $8.84
$8.91
$8.96 $9.02 $9.02
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
-f)
0
$12.48 $12.57 $12.70 $12.65 $12.51 $12.48 $12.62 $12.61 $12.65 $12.72 $12.67 $12.71 $12.70
9.79
9.77
9.78
9.88
9.88
10.04
9.75
9.87
9.79
9.86
9.93
9.81
9.83
11.86
11.77
11.82
12.05
11.97
12.05
11.73
12.04
11.83
11.96
12.05
11.89
11.92
9.47
9.40
9.48
9.59
9.58
9.62
9.35
9.59
9.42
9.52
9.67
9.50
9.53
6.05
6.06
6.07
6.09
6.10
6.19
6.05
6.11
6.09
6.08
6.13
6.04
6.05
8.59
8.43
8.59
8.74
8.68
8.80
8.39
8.74
8.46
8.69
8.86
8.66
8.67
8.30
8.22
8.29
8.41
8.40
8.49
8.18
8.44
8.25
8.39
8.53
8.35
8.38
Average weekly earnings

Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1977) dollars 4 .

304.67 306.05 308.33 305.86 307.44 309.91 310.07 309.18 312.36 311.11 311.81 314.80 312.09
170.59 171.07 171.96 170.40 170.04 170.75 170.09 168.77 169.95 168.71 168.73 169.52

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Excludes the effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to
underlying wage rate movements: Fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing
and interindustry employment shifts.
3
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular

134




components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
4
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series.
5
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1986 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1983 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls In States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

$8.74
9.10
10.24

$349.35
346.01
393.60

$360.91
372.91
428.75

$362.71
372.19
420.86

9.77

10.95

476.25

447.47

502.61

July
1987

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile

41.1
40.9
41.0

41.2
40.8
42.2

41.5
40.9
41.1

$8.50
8.46
9.60

$8.76
9.14
10.16

Alaska

47.2

45.8

45.9

10.09

Aug.
1986

Average weekly earnings

Aug.
1987^

41.0

40.8

40.9

9.95

10.00

10.00

407.95

408.00

409.00

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

40 9
39.8
39.3
41.9
43.4

41.1
42.0
39.6
40.6
43.5

40.9
39.2
39.5
42.1
44.0

7.80
6.99
8.29
8.41
10.14

7.95
7.18
8.27
8.45
10.49

7.94
7.18
8.24
8.39
10.46

319.02
278.20
325.80
352.38
440.08

326.75
301.56
327.49
343.07
456.32

324.75
281.46
325.48
353.22
460.24

California

40 1

40 0

40.5

10.42

10.79

10.77

417.84

431.60

436.19

Colorado
Denver

40.0
40 7

40.1
40 9

40.4
40.5

9.90
11.02

10.02
10.67

10.16
10.79

396.00
448.51

401.80
436.40

410.46
437.00

41.0
40.2
41.1
41.3
40.6
40.0
41.8

41.8
41.4
41.8
42.9
40.5
42.9
41.8

41.8
41.0
41.3
43.2
40.7
42.2
42.2

10.06
10.36
10.22
10.49
9.61
10.86
8.69

10.43
10.85
10.70
10.77
10.11
11.30
9.04

10.41
10.78
10.68
10.75
10 14
11.22
8.96

412.46
416.47
420.04
433.24
390.17
434.40
363.24

435.97
449.19
447.26
462.03
409.46
484.77
377.87

435.14
441.98
441.08
464.40
412.70
473.48
378.11

40.1
40.6

39.8
40.3

40.6
40.2

9.95
12.09

10.30
12.45

10.48
12.47

399.00
490.85

409.94
501.74

425.49
501.29

District of Columbia:
Washington MSA

38.5

38.7

38.7

10.43

10.68

10.67

401.56

413.32

412.93

Florida
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

40 6
41.2
42.8
38.8
38.7
41 2
42 6
39.8
39.1

40 1
41.2
40.5
41.2
38.1
40 6
41 7
39.7
40.5

40.3
40.5
40.6
40.1
39.2
40 8
40.6
40.4
40.8

8.04
7.79
8.79
7.71
7.10
8 35
9.80
7.48
8.50

8.16
8.09
8.78
8.04
7.17
8.38
10.12
7.68
8.87

8.16
8.09
8.83
8.11
7.20
8.34
9.96
7.72
9.18

326.42
320.95
376.21
299.15
274.77
344.02
417.48
297.70
332.35

327.22
333.31
355.59
331.25
273.18
340.23
422.00
304.90
359.24

328.85
327.65
358.50
325.21
282.24
340.27
404.38
311.89
374.54

Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah

41.2
40 3
45.1

42.1
42 8
45.6

41.6
41 2
44.0

8.28
9 97
10.76

8.32
10.03
11.02

8.28
9.94
10.95

341.14
401.79
485.28

350.27
429.28
502.51

344.45
409.53
481.80

Hawaii
Honolulu

39 3
38.8

38 7
38.3

40 6
39.9

8 77
8.78

9.26
9.46

9.25
9.40

344.66
340.66

358.36
362.32

375.55
375.06

38 1

36 9

37 7

9.90

9.65

9.70

377.19

356.09

365.69

41 6
41.2
40.6
39.8
41.4
40.8
41 3
41.8
39.1
39.0
43.3
40.8
42.2

41.4
41.9
40.3
39.6
41.5
41.1
41.0
42.4
38.5
39.0
43.3
41.1
43.9

10.72
10.00
10.93
9.14
10.51
12.71
13.59
11.12
10.03
10.53
12.82
11.19
11.43

10.89
10.42
10.72
8.96
10.64
12.87
13.89
11.92
9.93
10.85
13.05
11.09
11.76

10.91
10.44
10.96
8.89
10.61
12.82
13.75
11.88
9.98
10.87
13.05
11.28
12.06

440.59
417.00
440.48
354.63
437.22
526.19
549.04
462.59
403.21
423.31
528.18
478.93
469.77

453.02
429.30
435.23
356.61
440.50
525.10
573.66
498.26
388.26
423.15
565.07
452.47
496.27

451.67
437.44
441.69
352.04
440.32
526.90
563.75
503.71
384.23
423.93
565.07
463.61
529.43

Arizona

.

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington

.

.

.

.

Idaho
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-RaQtoul
Chicago . . .
. .
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
. . .

. . .

. . .

41 1
41.7
40.3
38.8
41.6
41.4
40 4
41.6
40.2
40.2
41.2
42.8
41.1

See footnotes at end of table.




135

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls In States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

$10.91

$438.78

$456.92

$456.04

10.72
12.49
11.68
12.47
8.14

10.58
12.13
11.99
11.96
8.11

420.86
456.86
459.89
480.78
340.56

441.66
497.10
489.39
522.49
319.09

444.36
491.27
507.18
519.06
344.68

9.76
10.98
10.42

9.95
11.13
11.01

9.91
11.08
10.90

393.33
454.57
399.09

402.98
442.97
441.50

407.30
432.12
440.36

40.1
38.7
41.4

9.88
10.23
10.85

10.03
10.43
11.44

9.99
10.19
11.64

388.28
379.53
437.26

399.19
402.60
462.18

400.60
394.35
481.90

41.3
42.3
40.8
38.9

41.6
41.6
41.3
39.4

10.57
12.40
10.60
11.03

10.90
12.14
10.62
11.35

10.80
12.08
10.65
11.32

441.83
514.60
439.90
452.23

450.17
513.52
433.30
441.52

449.28
502.53
439.85
446.01

41.0
37.7
39.0

40.8
40.1
38.9

41.7
39.6
41.3

8.58
7.39
9.12

8.80
7.32
9.10

8.65
7.38
8.77

351.78
278.60
355.68

359.04
293.53
353.99

360.71
292.25
362.20

Maryland
Baltimore MSA .

40.5
41.1

40.7
41.7

41.0
42.2

10.29

10.11
10.89

9.98
10.84

400.14
422.92

411.48
454.11

409.18
457.45

Massachusetts ..
Boston
Springfield
Worcester

41.3
40.1
42.6
40.1

40.9
40.0
42.5
40.3

41.3
40.5
42.2
40.6

9.26
10.13
8.96
9.39

9.73
10.67
9.17
9.70

9.80
10.67
9.19

382.44
406.21
381.70
376.54

397.96
426.80
389.73
390.91

404.74
432.14
387.82
393.41

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland ...

41.5
42.1
41.4
42.4
41.6
40.8
40.5
42.1
40.3
40.3
43.9

40.8
41.2
43.0
41.5
41.9
38.9
40.1
41.1
43.8
39.8
42.1

41.3
43.2
43.1
42.4
40.7
39.6
41.6
42.4
41.0
40.1
42.2

12.67
13.91
13.54
13.62
14.58
10.83
10.04
11.79
13.31
11.65
13.99

12.78
13.62
14.30
13.56
15.52
10.96
9.83
12.05
14.10
11.80
14.37

12.74
13.72
14.04
13.61
15.59
10.96
10.32
11.77
13.86
11.79
14.31

525.80
585.61
560.56
577.49
606.53
441.86
406.62
496.36
536.39
469.49
614.16

521.42
561.14
614.90
562.74
650.29
426.34
394.18
495.25
617.58
469.64
604.98

526.16
592.70
605.12
577.06
634.51
434.02
429.31
499.05
568.26
472.78
603.88

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
St. Cloud

40.9
36.6
41.2
39.3

40.5
36.6
40.7
38.3

41.3
36.6
41.4
38.5

10.07
10.91
10.99
9.40

10.43
10.97
11.09
9.33

10.37
11.02
11.12
9.38

411.86
399.31
452.79
369.42

422.42
401.50
451.36
357.34

428.28
403.33
460.37
361.13

Mississippi.
Jackson ....

40.2
39.9

39.9
39.4

40.4
39.3

7.47
8.30

7.54
8.45

7.59
8.45

300.29
331.17

300.85
332.93

306.64
332.09

Missouri
Kansas City.
St. Joseph ...
St. Louis
Springfield ...

40.6
40.9
40.6
40.5
40.9

39.9
39.9
40.7
40.5
39.2

40.2
40.3
41.3
40.2
38.9

9.68
11.11
9.37
11.15
8.87

9.75
10.87
9.62
11.58
8.71

9.71
10.85
9.91
11.57
8.58

393.01
454.40
380.42
451.58
362.78

389.03
433.71
391.53
468.99
341.43

390.34
437.26
409.28
465.11
333.76

Montana ...

39.7

38.9

39.1

11.04

10.72

10.71

438.29

417.01

418.76

Nebraska.
Lincoln ...
Omaha...

41.0
40.7
40.9

39.8
40.3
39.9

40.8
39.5
40.1

9.18
9.86
9.79

9.28
9.69
10.10

9.37
10.08
10.07

376.38
401.30
400.41

369.34
390.51
402.99

382.30
398.16
403.81

Nevada
Las Vegas .

40.4
39.1

39.4
39.7

39.7
39.3

9.38
11.14

9.79
12.13

9.77
12.05

378.95
435.57

385.73
481.56

387.87
473.57

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Indiana.

41.2

41.5

41.8

$10.65

$11.01

Iowa
Cedar Rapids..
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City

40.9
39.9
40.2
40.3
43.0

41.2
39.8
41.9
41.9
39.2

42.0
40.5
42.3
43.4
42.5

10.29
11.45
11.44
11.93
7.92

Kansas ....
Topeka ..
Wichita...

40.3
41.4
38.3

40.5
39.8
40.1

41.1
39.0
40.4

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette....
Louisville

39.3
37.1
40.3

39.8
38.6
40.4

Louisiana
Baton Rouge ...
New Orleans....
Shreveport

41.8
41.5
41.5
41.0

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn..
Portland

See footnotes at end of table.

136




Aug.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987?

$9.25
11.41

$359.92
429.27

$375.87
471.83

$389.43
468.95

10.50

10.50

416.15

428.40

428.40

8.71
8.90

8.94
9.17

8.86
9.03

338.82
349.77

353.13
363.13

346.43
357.59

39.7
39.5
40.8
40.7
40.4
(1)
40.0
37.1
36.8

9.84
10.34
9.06
11.71
9.36
9.60
10.11
9.07
9.02

9.99
10.60
9.22
11.71
9.42

396.60
418.70
376.18
476.60
380.57

39.7
37.4

41.0
41.2
41.6
40.3

12.37
7.97
9.32

41.4
41.1
38.7

11.87
9.38
11.35
9.24
9.32

390.65
406.36
363.31
494.16
382.82
401.28
406.42
337.40
332.84
510.88
313.22
393.30
493.79
377.08
472.16
373.30
363.48

397.55
416.85
371.45
486.34
382.59
(1)
440.88
354.46
346.45

41.9
41.4
38.9
40.3
41.4

10.09
10.50
9.24
11.92
9.47
(1)
10.94
9.58
9.44
12.38
7.88
9.50
11.83
10.83
11.11
9.64
10.25

294.71
398.05
489.76
421.29
447.73
399.10
401.80

0)
436.40
348.74
340.40
519.88
301.82
389.34
492.96
436.45
460.37
386.75
389.71

40.6
42.4
42.7
39.6
41.6

41.3
42.5
42.9
40.6
42.1

7.58
7.63
7.76
8.33
8.64

7.82
7.84
8.06
8.67
8.93

7.83
7.84
8.06
8.66

309.26
316.65
328.25
334.87
358.56

317.49
332.42
344.16
343.33
371.49

323.38
333.20
345.77
351.60
377.22

38.1
36.4

38.5
35.7

38.3
37.3

8.21
'8.50

8.36
8.31

8.50
8.29

312.80
309.40

321.86
296.67

325.55
309.22

41.9
43.6
39.9
42.2
42.1
41.0
42.1
42.2
41.3

41.9
42.1
41.6
42.1
41.8
41.3
41.5
41.3
42.0

42.4
42.7
41.8
42.7
42.4
41.0
41.9
42.5
41.8

11.49
11.28
11.24
10.73
11.40
11.26
11.93
12.32
13.10

11.58
11.15
11.31
10.73
11.40
11.48
11.86
12.67
12.90

11.62
11.09
11.28
11.03
11.51
11.40
11.87
12.62
12.97

481.43
491.81
448.48
452.81
479.94
461.66
502.25
519.90
541.03

485.20
469.42
470.50
451.73
476.52
474.12
492.19
523.27
541.80

492.69
473.54
471.50
470.98
488.02
467.40
497.35
536.35
542.15

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

41.3
39.3
39.7

40.9
40.2
41.1

41.5
40.1
42.1

9.54
10.55
10.39

10.15
10.92
10.72

10.15
11.22
10.58

394.00
414.62
412.48

415.14
438.98
440.59

421.23
449.92
445.42

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

38.7
37.2
39.2
38.2

38.8
37.3
39.8
38.5

39.6
39.6
39.4
38.4

10.31
10.62

10.41
10.60
10.67
7.93

10.42
10.61
10.70
8.01

399.00
395.06
424.93
301.40

403.91
395.38
424.67
305.31

412.63
420.16
421.58
307.58

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

40.9
41.0

40.2
41.1

42.1
41.1

$8.80
10.47

$9.35
11.48

41.0

40.8

40.8

10.15

38.9
39.3

39.5
39.6

39.1
39.6

39.7
39.3
40.1
42.2
40.9
41.8
40.2
37.2
36.9
41.3
39.3
42.2
41.6
40.2
41.6
40.4
39.0

39.4

39.2

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

40.8
41.5
42.3
40.2
41.5

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield

Now Hampshire
Nashua
New Jersey
New Mexico
Albuquerque
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

39.7
40.2
40.8
40.4
(1)
40.3
37.0
36.7

38.4

Aug.
1986

10.84
7.89

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

0

10.91
9.40
9.25
12.68
7.86
9.45
11.85
10.83
11.12
9.41
10.07

See footnotes at end of table.




137

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls In States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987*

Average hourly earnings
Aug.
1986

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

40.2
39.5
38.9
39.8
41.6
39.7
39.0
40.6
40.2
39.9
40.6
38.8
39.2
39.4
39.8
40.8

40.8
40.0
38.9
41.2
41.8
39.9
39.0
40.0
40.3
41.1
40.8
39.2
41.3
39.0
41.1
43.0

41.0
39.5
38.8
41.6
42.5
40.4
39.1
40.1
40.7
41.8
41.0
39.3
42.6
38.8
41.3
43.2

$9.72

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

40.3
39.9
39.9

40.0
40.0
40.0

39.9
40.0
39.9

7.92
7.42
7.96

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

41.2
41.3
40.5
41.4

41.5
41.3
40.8
41.8

41.6
41.2
41.0
41.3

South Dakota
Sioux Falls

42.4
46.6

41.4
42.7

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

41.5
41.3
44.4
40.4
42.5
40.5

Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio

July
1987

Aug.
1987?

Average weekly earnings
Aug.

July
1987

Aug.
1987^

$405.14
418.40
339.60
450.73
430.54
371.47
326.82
386.00
436.05
463.20
403.92
342.22
463.39
317.07
346.06
399.90

$409.18
412.38
327.08
460.51
436.48
381.38
324.14
388.57
441.60
476.10
408.36
343.09
481.38
317.38
349.40
406.51

9.90

11.39
9.96

8.73
11.22
8.13
8.42

8.73
11.30
8.18
8.46

9.30

9.41

$390.74
402.51
329.09
466.85
422.24
368.81
320.97
384.08
417.28
430.92
405.19
333.29
444.14
316.38
335.51
375.36

8.25
7.73
8.20

8.28
7.75
8.22

319.18
296.06
317.60

330.00
309.20
328.00

330.37
310.00
327.98

7.98
9.18
7.81
7.79

8.10
9.01
7.89
7.98

8.13
9.00
7.89
7.99

328.78
379.13
316.30
322.51

336.15
372.11
321.91
333.56

338.21
370.80
323.49
329.99

41.2
42.1

7.71
7.85

7.88
7.70

7.87
7.74

326.90
365.81

326.23
328.79

324.24
325.85

40.8
41.1
41.7
39.4
42.6
40.5

41.5
41.8
43.0
40.5
42.5
39.9

8.61
7.72
9.10
8.77
8.86
9.78

7.90
9.33
8.93
8.81
10.26

8.77
7.90
9.48
8.92
8.56
9.99

357.32
318.84
404.04
354.31
376.55
396.09

362.71
324.69
389.06
351.84
375.31
415.53

363.96
330.22
407.64
361.26
363.80
398.60

41.6
42.5
41.7
42.5
40.8

41.2
41.3
40.8
43.2
39.6

41.6
41.9
40.8
43.6
40.7

9.65
9.46
9.74
11.20
7.39

9.89
9.75
9.64
11.12
7.79

9.86
9.76
9.91
11.09
7.68

401.44
402.05
406.16
476.00
301.51

407.47
402.68
393.31
480.38
308.48

410.18
408.94
404.33
483.52
312.58

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden

40.4
41.0

40.3
40.9

40.6
41.0

9.91
9.83

9.79

9.86
9.89

400.36
403.03

397.36
400.41

400.32
405.49

Vermont
Burlington

41.0
42.8

39.6
39.7

41.5
41.0

8.89
9.69

9.14
10.06

9.43
10.43

364.49
414.73

361.94
399.38

391.35
427.63

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

40.1
40.5
42.1
41.5
41.5
41.1
40.1
40.3

40.2
41.6
40.7
41.8
40.7
39.3
40.2
40.8

40.6
40.4
40.8
41.6
42.3
39.3
41.1
39.1

8.87
7.44
7.46
8.50
8.42
9.39
11.30
8.30

8.93
7.97
7.44
8.52
8.44
9.70
11.71
8.69

8.91
7.51
7.44
8.50
8.55
9.77
11.79
8.77

355.69
301.32
314.07
352.75
349.43
385.93
453.13
334.49

358.99
331.55
302.81
356.14
343.51
381.21
470.74
354.55

361.75
303.40
303.55
353.60
361.67
383.96
484.57
342.91

See footnotes at end of table.

138



10.19

8.46
11.73
10.15

9.29
8.23
9.46
10.38
10.80
9.98
8.59

11.33
8.03
8.43
9.20

$9.93
10.46
8.73
10.94

10.30
9.31
8.38

$9.98
10.44
8.43
11.07
10.27
9.44
8.29

9.65

9.69

10.82
11.27

10.85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls In States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Washington

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

39.3

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

$11.53

$447.75

$463.72

$453.13

413.82
532.48
466.48
518.18
459.65

433.20
554.35
483.15
493.79
512.95

428.93
558.36
476.35
481.03
475.94

428.67
452.28
452.45
459.48
476.91
472.29
350.90
398.37
483.28
429.94
390.73
424.84

427.04
455.18
452.28
458.89
406.36
477.30
352.05
387.13
478.47
432.28
398.04
424.58

Aug.

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

$11.54

$11.71

38.8

39.6

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland..
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

39.6
41.6
39.7
42.3
39.9

40.0
41.4
39.7
41.6
41.3

40.2
42.3
39.4
40.8
40.3

10.45
12.80
11.75
12.25
11.52

10.83
13.39
12.17
11.87
12.42

10.67
13.20
12.09
11.79
11.81

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh....
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

41.4
42.3
42.0
42.1
39.5
39.2
38.6
42.3
41.0
40.7
41.9
42.3

41.1
41.8
41.7
42.0
38.9
39.0
38.1
40.9
41.2
39.3
41.0
43.0

41.5
42.5
41.8
42.1
39.8
40.9
38.9
40.2
41.0
40.1
42.3
42.8

10.10
10.02
10.68
10.67
11.01
11.35
9.25
9.54
11.61
10.79
9.35
9.71

10.43
10.82
10.85
10.94
12.26
12.11
9.21
9.74
11.73
10.94
9.53
9.88

10.29
10.71
10.82
10.90
10.21
11.67
9.05
9.63
11.67
10.78
9.41
9.92

418.14
423.85
448.56
449.21
434.90
444.92
357.05
403.54
476.01
439.15
391.77
410.73

Wyoming

38.4

39.3

37.5

9.95

9.83

376.32

391.04

368.63

Puerto Rico

39.3

39.2

39.3

5.36

5.38

5.42

210.65

210.90

213.01

Virgin islands

41.9

42.8

42.3

9.71

9.76

9.72

406.85

417.73

411.16

1

Not available.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this




publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1986
benchmarks.

139

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Industry

Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government

Sept. 1986
to
Sept. 1987P

July 1987
to
Aug. 1987r

Aug. 1987
to
Sept. 1987P

186,863

0.6

0.4

-2.0

156,818

155,583

2.2

1,629
9,809
40,550
24,006
16,544
10,950
11,498
27,817
12,456
41,330

1,662
9,847
40,650
24,143
16,508
10,958
11,563
28,004
12,606
41,528

1,622
9,167
40,344
23,931
16,413
10,965
11,483
28,156
12,445
41,401

1.3
-5.3
.7
-.1
1.9
2.8
.7
3.9
3.5
4.4

2.0
.4
.2
.6
-.2
.1
.6
.7
1.2
.5

-2-4
-6.9
-.8
-.9
-.6
.1
-.7
.5
-1.3
-.3

33,934

33,875

31,280

-7.1

-.2

-7.7

July
1987r

Aug.
1987r

Sept.
1987P

189,973

190,693

156,039

Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
p
= preliminary.
=revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,

140




Percent change

-.8

nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2134-1,
chapter 13, Productivity Measures: Business Economy and Major Sectors.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
(1977=100)
Annual average
Item

Quarterly index

1984
1985

1985

1987

1986

1986
IV

IV

IV

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

107.5
123.9
115.2
175.9
99.1
163.6
160.3
162.4

109.5
128.0
116.9
182.8
101.0
166.9
163.8
165.8

105.9
120.8
114.0
170.3
98.1
160.8
157.9
159.8

106.5
122.2
114.7
172.4
98.5
161.9
158.7
160.8

107.2
123.3
115.0
174.6
98.6
162.8
160.4
162.0

108.2
124.7
115.2
177.0
99.4
163.6
161.8
163.0

107.9
125.3
116.1
179.3
99.7
166.1
160.2
164.0

109.5
127.3
116.3
180.7
100.1
165.0
163.1
164.3

109.7
127.5
116.3
182.2
101.3
166.2
163.9
165.4

109.6
128.1
116.9
183.6
101.4
167.5
165.7
166.9

109.6
129.0
117.8
185.2
101.6
169.0
162.4
166.7

109.7
130.2
118.7
185.8
100.7
169.4
166.0
168.2

110.0
131.1
119.1
187.3
100.3
170.2
169.1
169.8

105.8
123.6
116.8
175.2
98.7
165.6
161.3
164.1

107.5
127.5
118.6
182.0
100.6
169.3
165.2
167.8

104.8
120.7
115.2
170.2
98.0
162.4
158.5
161.0

105.2
122.0
115.9
172.2
98.4
163.6
159.5
162.2

105.7
123.1
116.4
174.1
98.3
164.7
161.5
163.6

106.4
124.3
116.9
176.2
98.9
165.7
163.4
164.9

105.9
124.9
117.9
178.3
99.2
168.3
160.8
165.7

107.7
126.9
117.9
180.0
99.7
167.2
164.7
166.4

107.7
127.1
118.0
181.3
100.8
168.4
165.2
167.3

107.5
127.6
118.7
182.6
100.9
169.8
167.0
168.8

107.5
128.5
119.6
184.4
101.2
171.5
163.9
168.8

107.6
129.7
120.6
184.9
100.2
171.8
167.4
170.3

107.9
130.7
121.1
186.3
99.7
172.6
169.3
171.4

124.2
122.5
98.7
176.9
99.6
142.4

128.8
125.9
97.8
182.7
100.9
141.8

120.0
119.6
99.7
171.1
98.5
142.5

121.5
120.7
99.4
173.3
99.0
142.7

124.0
122.1
98.5
176.1
99.5
142.0

125.2
123.2
98.3
178.0
99.9
142.1

126.0
124.1
98.4
180.2
100.2
143.0

127.6
125.2
98.1
181.0
100.3
141.9

128.3
125.1
97.5
182.1
101.2
142.0

129.4
126.1
97.5
183.1
101.2
141.5

129.9
127.2
97.9
184.3
101.2
141.9

131.0
128.5

98.1
183.9
99.6
140.4

132.6
129.6
97.8
184.7
98.9
139.3

130.1
129.9
99.8
175.4
98.8
134.9

136.8
134.1
98.0
181.4
100.2
132.6

123.8
125.2
101.1
169.1
97.3
136.5

126.3
127.2
100.7
171.4
97.9
135.7

129.6
129.2
99.8
174.4
98.5
134.6

131.5
130.7
99.4
176.6
99.2
134.3

133.1
132.2

135.3
133.7

98.8
179.9
99.7
132.9

137.5
134.1
97.5
181.6
100.3
132.0

138.4
135.4
97.8
183.1
100.5
132.3

139.8
136.8
97.8
182.2
98.7
130.3

141.2
137.4

99.4
179.4
99.8
134.8

135.9
133.1
98.0
180.8
100.5
133.1

115.1
111.6
97.0
178.9
100.8
155.5

116.8
113.7
97.4
184.8
102.1
158.3

114.2
111.4
97.6
174.1
100.2
152.5

114.0
111.0
97.4
176.1
100.5
154.4

115.4
111.5
96.6
178.6
100.8
154.7

115.6
111.9
96.8
180.0
101.0
155.6

115.3
111.9
97.1
181.2
100.8
157.2

115.8
112.5
97.2
182.7
101.2
157.8

116.9
113.3
96.9
184.3
102.4
157.7

117.3
114.2
97.3
185.8
102.7
158.4

117.1
114.9
98.1
186.5
102.4
159.3

117.9
116.2
98.6
186.9
101.2
158.5

119.8
118.1
98.5
188.2
100.7
157.0

108.2
126.1
116.5
172.8
97.4
164.4
159.7
178.3
133.9
160.7

109.9
129.4
117.7
178.9
98.9
167.7
162.8
182.2
129.3
163.1

106.4
122.7
115.3
168.1
96.8
162.8
158.0
176.8
134.2
159.4

107.0
124.0
115.9
169.9
97.0
163.6
158.9
177.5
132.0
159.8

107.7
125.4
116.4
171.8
97.0
164.3
159.5
178.7
132.2
160.5

109.2
127.4
116.6
173.8
97.6
163.7
159.1
177.5
142.5
161.2

108.9
127.7
117.3
175.7
97.7
166.0
161.4
179.4
128.7
161.5

109.8
129.1
117.6
177.2
98.2
166.3
161.5
180.7
129.7
161.9

109.7
128.8
117.4
178.4
99.1
167.2
162.6
180.6
129.5
162.7

109.9
129.3
117.6
179.5
99.2
168.5
163.2
184.2
130.6
164.0

110.5
130.4
118.0
181.0
99.3
168.7
163.8
183.2
127.7
163.8

109.7
130.9
119.3
180.8
98.0
169.7
164.8
184.1
132.2
165.2

110.0
131.8
119.8
182.0
97.4
170.7
165.4
186.4
131.8
166.0

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

97.3
182.9
97.9
129.5

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).




141

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted annual rates
Percent change from
Same quarter, previous year

Previous quarter

Item

1987

1987

1986

II
1986

1986

IV
1986

I
1987

1987

-0.1
3.0
3.1
3.6
.9
3.7
-7.7
-.5

0.5
3.5
3.0
1.4
-3.7
9.0
3.7

1.3
3.0
1.6
3.3
-1.5
1.9
7.8
4.0

2.8
4.2
1.3
4.8
1.7
1.9
2.8
2.2

2.3
3.4
1.1
4.4
2.7
2.1
2.2
2.1

1.3
2.7
1.5
3.7
2.0
2.4
2.4
2.4

1.5
2.9
1.4
3.3
1.9
1.8
1.4
1.7

0.2
2.3
2.1
2.8
.6
2.7
1.8
2.3

0.4
2.8
2.5
2.8
-1.0
2.4
3.2
2.7

2.8
1.3
2.3

-.6
1.7
2.3
2.8
.4
3.5
4.2
3.7

.0
2.9
2.9
4.0
1.3
4.0
-7.2
.0

.4
3.8
3.4
1.1
-3.9
.8
8.8
3.4

1.3
3.0
1.7
3.0
-1.8
1.7
4.7
2.8

2.3
4.0
1.7
4.5
1.4
2.2
3.2
2.6

1.9
3.3
1.4
4.1
2.5
2.2
2.3
2.3

1.1
2.6
1.6
3.6
1.9
2.5
2.2
2.4

1.5
2.9
1.4
3.4
2.0
1.9
1.9
1.9

-.1
2.2
2.3
2.7
.5
2.8
1.6
2.4

.3
2.8
2.6
2.7
-1.0
2.5
2.5
2.5

3.6
3.2
-.4
2.2
-.2
-1.3

1.4
3.4
2.0
2.7
.0
1.3

3.5
4.3
.8
-1.0
-6.0
-4.4

4.9
3.4

1.8
.2
-3.0

2.3
-.1
-2.3
2.5
3.8
.2

5.0
3.7
-1.3
4.4
1.3
-.5

3.4
2.5
-.9
3.4
1.8
.0

3.3
2.4
-.9
2.9
1.2

3.0
2.5
-.5
2.3
.9
-.7

2.7
2.7
.0
1.6
-.7
-1.1

3.4
3.6
.2
1.4
-2.3

7.0
4.4
-2.4
1.2
-.4
-5.4

1.5
-1.7
-3.2
1.9
3.3
.4

5.0
3.2
-1.7
1.7
-.7
-3.1

2.6
3.8
1.1
3.4
.7
.8

4.2
4.2
.0
-1.9
-6.8
-5.9

7.1
5.0
-2.0
4.9
1.8
-2.0

4.9
3.0
-1.8
3.6
2.0
-1.2

4.6
2.6
-1.9
2.8
1.1
-1.7

4.0
2.4
-1.5
2.1
.7
-1.9

3.3
2.3
-.9
1.3
-.9
-2.0

4.0
3.2
-.7
1.2
-2.5
-2.7

1.7
2.3
.5
3.2
1.6
1.4

3.9
2.8
-1.0
3.6
5.0
-.2

1.5
3.1
1.6
3.4
.9
1.9

-.6
2.7
3.3
1.5
-1.1
2.1

2.6
4.6

1.2
1.6
.4
3.2
1.6
1.9

1.4
2.0
.6
3.3
1.6
1.8

1.6
2.7
1.1
2.9
1.6
1.3

1.8
3.3

2.9
-2.0
-3.7

1.5
1.3
-.2
3.7
.6
2.2

1.4
2.3
.1
.4

2.5
4.2
1.6
2.1
-1.6
-.4

3.3
4.4
1.0
3.5
1.8

-.2
-.9
-.6
2.6
4.0
2.0
2.9
-.2
-.5
1.8

1.6
.7
2.5
.0
3.3
1.5
8.2
3.3
3.3

1.2
2.8
1.6
2.7
-2.1
2.4
1.4
4.9
-1.2
2.0

2.6
4.1
1.4
4.3
1.2
1.7
1.6
1.8
-1.7
1.3

1.8
2.7
.8
3.9
2.2
1.7
2.0
1.0
-2.1
1.4

.7
1.5

1.5
2.1
.6
3.0
1.6
1.6
1.5
2.1
-.8
1.4

.0
1.4
1.5
2.0
-.2
2.0
2.1
1.9
1.9
2.0

.3
2.4
2.0
2.0
-1.7
2.1
1.7
3.2
1.8
2.1

1986

1986

5.8
6.4
.5
3.2
1.6
-2.5
7.5

0.6
.7
.1

III
1986

IV
1986

-0.3
1.8
2.1
3.0
.5
3.3
4.5
3.7

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour....
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

.9

3.5
4.8
2.8
2.1
2.6

.9

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour....
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

6.6
6.4
-.2
3.9
2.3
-2.6
10.0
1.6

.1
.6
.6
2.9
4.2

Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour....
Unit labor costs

4.9
3.6
-1.3

-1.5
2.0
-2.8

-2.9

-1.9

Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour....
Unit labor costs

4.1
1.7
-2.3
1.5
-3.2
-2.4

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour....
Unit labor costs

1.9
.7
-4.4
-1.9

6.8
6.5
-.2

Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour.
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour..
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

.9
.1
3.0
3.0
1.1

SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

142




2.1
3.4
1.3
3.5
.8
.3
1.3
-2.3
-8.5
-.5

-2.9
1.5
4.6
-.5
-5.5
2.4
2.5
2.2

14.7
3.5

.8
3.3
1.6
2.9
2.6
3.8
-8.4
1.7

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

137.3
28.2
6.1
18.7
8.7
4.1

9.9
8.9
7.9
10.6
7.4
8.1

7.7
6.7
5.3
9.2
6.6
6.3

7.2
6.3
4.6
8.8
6.3
5.8

25.8

23.9

9.8

9.7

9.1

115.9
56.3
17.7

109.0
53.6
15.4

97.3
48.1
14.1

7.3
5.8
5.8

6.8
5.4
5.1

6.0
4.8
4.6

1,096.5
57.3
89.0
257.7
36.3

89.4
2.6
6.1
17.4
3.1

86.0
2.2
5.3
19.6
3.3

83.6
2.1
5.2
18.4
3.2

8.3
4.7
7.0
6.9
7.9

7.9
3.9
6.0
7.6
9.1

7.6
3.7
5.8
7.1
8.9

13,980.7
1,319.0
230.8
301.9
4,272.0
153.8
1,065.5
342.6
917.9
682.5
159.6
1,078.0
894.3
813.5
182.0
190.3
189.0
193.6

13,891.5
1,307.3
226.6
311.4
4,210.0
155.1
1,063.3
338.4
908.7
685.0
156.8
1,080.2
893.9
806.0
181.4
184.9
192.4
189.6

901.8
50.4
24.7
29.6
322.0
15.6
58.0
24.9
57.5
35.6
11.8
51.8
40.6
44.3
8.3
9.5
17.5
11.1

838.6
45.7
21.4
28.0
282.0
17.1
56.3
20.7
58.9
38.0
10.5
52.6
36.9
37.9
8.1
9.3
18.0
11.3

750.9
42.1
20.3
25.1
247.0
13.8
51.0
19.7
54.3
34.2
9.7
48.4
34.1
33.7
7.9
8.1
15.0
9.7

6.7
4.0
10.9
9.6
7.8
10.3
5.6
7.5
6.8
5.4
7.6
5.0
4.6
5.5
4.7
5.1
9.2
5.9

6.0
3.5
9.3
9.3
6.6
11.1
5.3
6.0
6.4
5.6
6.6
4.9
4.1
4.7
4.4
4.9
9.5
5.8

5.4
3.2
8.9
8.1
5.9
8.9
4.8
5.8
6.0
5.0
6.2
4.5
3.8
4.2
4.4
4.4
7.8
5.1

1,696.5
129.3
901.4

1,664.6
128.2
881.4

1,668.4
128.6
886.1

119.6
7.4
58.2

118.6
7.0
58.8

106.6
6.3
53.3

7.1
5.7
6.5

7.1
5.5
6.7

6.4
4.9
6.0

1,749.9
229.2
419.8
73.9
272.6
119.5
103.8

1,784.8
232.4
432.4
74.5
279.0
121.0
102.4

1,796.2
234.1
433.1
74.9
281.3
121.4
103.7

63.9
10.6
13.4
3.0
10.0
3.2
5.2

60.1
9.5
12.8
2.8
9.1
2.8
5.4

56.8
8.8
12.7
2.7
8.9
2.6
4.4

3.6
4.6
3.2
4.1
3.7
2.7
5.0

3.4
4.1
3.0
3.8
3.3
2.3
5.3

3.2
3.8
2.9
3.5
3.2
2.2
4.3

333.3
283.2

341.1
287.1

336.7
285.0

12.9
13.5

11.7
12.7

9.4
9.1

3.9
4.8

3.4
4.4

2.8
3.2

District of Columbia
Washington

341.2
2,067.2

359.9
2,160.6

358.4
2,149.5

25.8
71.6

21.8
71.7

21.8
68.6

7.6
3.5

6.0
3.3

6.1
3.2

Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

5,711.2
142.5
590.2
123.5
101.6
429.0
170.9
175.6
913.1
543.7
149.9
110.4
119.9
940.1
373.2

5,985.4
149.2
617.4
137.0
107.1
453.5
181.2
180.6
937.1
580.2
153.3
115.5
126.3
974.0
401.6

5,925.3
148.3
610.1
135.3
106.4
449.6
178.1
179.3
926.4
575.6
152.6
115.0
124.2
962.8
397.4

338.1
7.5
26.0
5.6
3.6
22.3
22.3
10.2
61.3
25.0
9.4
4.3
4.8
47.2
26.5

355.8
6.6
28.5
5.6
3.5
25.9
21.7
10.4
59.6
28.3
9.3
4.3
5.3
49.0
29.2

336.4
7.3
28.0
5.5
3.6
23.3
20.6
9.5
55.7
27.0
9.7
4.0
5.0
47.1
26.3

5.9
5.2
4.4
4.5
3.5
5.2
13.0
5.8
6.7
4.6
6.3
3.9
4.0
5.0
7.1

5.9
4.4
4.6
4.1
3.2
5.7
12.0
5.8
6.4
4.9
6.1
3.7
4.2
5.0
7.3

5.7
4.9
4.6
4.1
3.3
5.2
11.6
5.3
6.0
4.7
6.4
3.5
4.0
4.9
6.6

Aug.
1986

July
1987

1,909.9
446.9
128.4
215.8
136.3
69.4

1,900.5
451.7
130.4
213.5
137.8
69.0

1,901.5
450.8
130.7
211.8
137.4
70.3

189.5
39.6
10.1
22.9
10.1
5.6

146.6
30.2
6.9
19.6
9.1
4.4

273.7

265.9

261.1

26.9

1,581.1
975.6
304.4

1,605.0
998.1
305.2

1,614.4
1,004.9
306.9

1,081.9
54.5
87.5
251.8
38.9

1,087.5
56.1
89.5
256.9"
36.3

13,541.3
1,261.0
227.1
309.5
4,123.0
151.3
1,029.9
330.5
849.7
655.9
155.4
1,029.9
878.1
806.0
177.8
184.1
190.9
186.8

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

Connecticut

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

,

Alaska
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

,

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California1
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington

Aug.
1987?

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

See footnotes at end of table.




143

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987"

155.5
4.9
3.0
64.7
9.2
5.7
5.8
6.2

5.9
12.2
4.9
4.7
5.9
7.3
5.7
6.4

5.2
8.8
3.9
4.5
5.4
5.7
4.8
5.5

5.0
8.8
4.1
4.4
5.3
5.8
4.5
5.7

20.2
13.7

18.9
12.9

4.9
4.5

4.0
3.6

3.7
3.4

44.5
5.5

35.3
5.5

33.9
4.8

9.1
5.3

7.6
5.5

7.1
4.6

5,864.5
178.0
63.5
82.9
3,232.5
180.3
58.9
191.6
45.8
267.7
154.5
151.2
112.1

452.7
11.1
2.8
3.7
231.6
17.6
7.2
13.1
4.0
12.7
13.2
12.5
6.0

419.3
9.5
3.0
3.7
213.1
13.3
5.7
15.3
4.1
11.1
11.9
15.0
5.3

398.9
8.5
2.7
3.4
203.7
12.9
5.4
13.2
3.9
10.9
11.1
13.4
5.2

7.9
6.4
4.5
4.6
7.3
9.5
11.8
6.9
8.9
4.9
8.5
8.4
5.3

7.1
5.3
4.6
4.3
6.6
7.3
9.6
7.9
8.9
4.1
7.6
10.0
4.9

6.8
4.8
4.2
4.1
6.3
7.2
9.1
6.9
8.5
4.1
7.2
8.9
4.6

2,767.6
59.3
57.4
93.7
142.7
195.0
253.3
663.6
50.5
62.7
57.2
126.6
56.8

2,773.8
60.1
58.6
93.1
141.9
195.2
250.3
665.6
50.8
62.2
56.9
124.9
56.8

171.4
3.7
1.9
3.8
8.3
8.7
33.7
30.1
4.9
2.3
3.6
6.5
3.4

171.1
4.3
2.2
4.9
10.1
10.4
21.9
34.1
4.6
2.6
3.7
8.5
3.6

160.7
4.7
2.5
4.2
9.1
9.8
20.9
32.2
3.6
2.4
3.9
6.4
3.3

6.2
6.1
3.4
4.3
5.7
4.6
12.9
4.6
9.6
3.7
6.3
5.2
5.8

6.2
7.3
3.8
5.2
7.1
5.3
8.7
5.1
9.1
4.2
6.4
6.7
6.3

5.8
7.8
4.2
4.5
6.4
5.0
8.4
4.8
7.2
3.9
6.9
5.1
5.8

1,439.4
86.7
216.3
42.3
54.4
57.7
68.6

1,448.0
87.9
219.3
42.9
54.1
60.2
66.5

1,414.7
86.0
217.0
42.2
54.7
57.9
65.6

92.6

67.2

4.6

4.1

11.3
2.8
1.3
4.2
11.5

8.5
2.2
1.0
4.4
4.4

65.8
4.1
8.4
2.0
1.0
3.3
4.5

6.4
5.3
5.2
6.7
2.4
7.3
16.7

4.6
4.7
3.9
5.0
1.9
7.3
6.6

4.6
4.7
3.9
4.8
1.8
5.7
6.9

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita LMA

1,229.6
35.7
87.4
223.6

1,254.0
36.9
89.1
235.7

1,238.0
37.3
88.6
232.4

64.4
1.4
4.2
13.7

55.6
1.5
3.8
10.6

52.6
1.3
3.7
10.0

5.2
3.9
4.8
6.1

4.4
4.1
4.3
4.5

4.2
3.4
4.2
4.3

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,694.4
179.3
494.7
45.4

1,679.9
176.5
494.3
43.6

1,671.4
176.1
490.9
43.5

145.3
9.4
31.8
4.6

148.7
9.8
34.7
4.8

124.5
31.3
4.1

8.6
5.3
6.4
10.0

8.9
5.6
7.0
11.1

7.4
4.4
6.4
9.5

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

2,003.5
61.8
262.8
77.8
108.1
76.0
70.3
610.6
168.6

1,956.0
61.4
264.3
72.9
100.3
77.8
70.4
602.5
164.9

1,961.6
61.6
265.4
72.2
100.6
76.7
70.3
604.8
163.6

275.9
6.8
29.5
15.4
17.2
11.4
6.8
70.1
19.6

211.9
5.7
24.5
9.9
11.2
9.1
6.4
55.6
16.4

202.4
5.4
23.5
9.2
10.7
8.8
6.1
54.2
15.4

13.8
11.0
11.2
19.8
16.0
15.0
9.6
11.5
11.6

10.8
9.3
9.3
13.6
11.2
11.8
9.2
9.2
9.9

10.3
8.7
8.9
12.7
10.6
11.5
8.6
9.0
9.4

583.9
39.9
120.5

605.2
41.9
124.9

618.8
42.0
126.9

25.8
2.5
2.7

29.9
2.8
3.3

18.7
1.8
2.1

4.4
6.3
2.2

4.9
6.7
2.6

3.0
4.2
1.7

July
1987

1987P

3,088.7
57.6
72.9
1,436.2
176.8
100.5
129.1
109.7

3,078.1
54.8
73.0
1,464.1
176.0
98.2
128.1
109.3

3,082.3
55.5
73.5
1,457.2
175.5
98.5
127.6
108.3

182.9
7.0
3.6
68.1
10.4
7.3
7.4
7.0

161.0
4.8
2.8
65.8
9.4
5.6
6.1
6.1

494.3
370.1

510.6
382.8

506.8
379.2

24.1
16.7

486.8
103.2

464.8
101.6

477.5
103.6

Illinois1
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline .
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

5,751.1
172.7
62.1
80.9
3,156.5
184.4
60.9
190.4
45.2
258.1
154.5
148.5
112.5

5,874.0
178.4
63.9
85.4
3,238.4
182.3
59.3
192.7
46.0
268.0
156.2
150.8
106.9

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,760.1
61.3
56.0
89.9
144.8
191.1
261.0
655.1
51.2
61.5
57.3
124.7
58.4

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Wamer Robins
Savannah
nawaii
Honolulu

,

Idaho
Boise City

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.

144




Aug.

Aug.
1986

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

in

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Maryland
Baltimore

2,389.7
1,165.1

2,427.7
1,168.9

2,407.5
1,158.6

99.6
57.5

102.1
52.9

Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,136.7
1,542.9
97.8
77.4
46.6
183.8
152.0
87.5
42.8
251.2
211.4

3,132.0

3,153.4
1,553.4

116.0
50.6
4.1
4.3
2.4
8.8
6.6
4.3
1.5
10.2
8.2

Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,418.5
147.5
62.3

4,598.8
156.2
64.2
78.9

348.0

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

75.9
2,136.2
204.7

1,546.5

97.9
75.7
44.6
184.5
148.1
83.7

42.6
254.1

212.3

99.4
78.0
45.8
186.1
150.4
84.6
43.6
254.4
212.8
4,685.7
159.4

66.1

63.3
115.3
234.4
68.6
188.5

80.2
2,275.1
211.6
351.6
65.3
116.9
241.6
71.0
194.8

2,223.4
100.9
1,318.4
55.7
86.4

2,270.8
105.0
1,348.5
58.9
90.8

2,261.1
104.3
1,346.0
58.4
89.6

Mississippi
Jackson

1,171.1
196.1

1,158.1
198.5

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

2,562.7
804.4
41.1
1,258.1
116.8

331.8
61.7
111.3
225.3
68.2
181.2

2,249.6
204.9
343.4

Aug.
1986

6.9
5.5
5.6
161.9
21.2

July
1987

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987?

93.4
49.5

4.2
4.9

4.2
4.5

3.9
4.3

79.9
34.1
2.8
3.6
1.6
7.5
4.1
3.4
1.3
6.3
5.5

88.7
39.0
3.2
3.3
1.7
7.6
4.7
3.4
1.5
7.2
5.8

3.7
3.3
4.2
5.5
5.1
4.8
4.3
4.9
3.5
4.0
3.9

2.6
2.2
2.9
4.8
3.5
4.0
2.8
4.1
3.1
2.5
2.6

2.8
2.5
3.2
4.2
3.8
4.1
3.1
4.0
3.4
2.8
2.7

406.9
7.0
4.9
5.5
214.5
26.4
23.2

389.4
7.4
5.6
5.6

7.9
4.7
8.8
7.3
7.6
10.4
6.9
8.2
5.7
6.4
9.6
8.6

4.5
7.7
7.0
9.5
12.9
6.8
7.6
6.3
8.4
8.4
8.2

8.3
4.7
8.5
6.9
8.5
13.7
6.5
8.1
5.5
7.7
9.1
8.0

Aug.
1987P

192.3

5.1
6.3
14.5
6.5
15.6

4.8
7.3
19.8
5.8

15.5

28.9
22.7
5.3
6.4
18.7
6.4
15.6

93.0
7.5

104.3

103.6

8.7

46.5
1.7
3.8

52.9
1.9
4.5

8.2
53.5
1.8
4.5

4.2
7.5
3.5
3.1
4.4

4.6
8.3
3.9
3.3
4.9

4.6
7.9
4.0
3.0
5.0

1,158.4
198.1

145.8
16.5

112.8
14.2

113.4
13.7

12.4
8.4

9.7
7.2

9.8
6.9

2,606.3
823.5
40.9
1,271.6
119.7

2,583.0
814.7
40.8
1,261.0
119.6

153.9
34.8

173.6
50.2

2.9
93.0
4.7

2.9
92.6
5.7

155.7
46.2
2.8
83.7

6.0
4.3
6.9
7.4
4.0

6.7
6.1
7.1
7.3
4.8

6.0
5.7
6.8
6.6
4.7

22.9

5.6

Montana

418.2

399.9

401.0

28.6

23.4

23.1

5.9

5.8

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

811.3
116.6
313.1

821.3
118.3
314.7

803.5
117.5
310.4

33.6
3.3
14.8

36.3
4.1
15.5

32.8
4.0
14.4

4.1
2.8
4.7

4.4
3.5
4.9

4.1
3.4
4.7

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

548.4
312.2
138.5

569.7
329.5
140.7

567.1
326.8
140.4

28.5
5.8

33.5
21.6
6.7

32.0
20.1
6.8

5.2
5.7
4.2

5.9
6.5
4.8

5.6
6.1
4.8

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester....

573.8
91.5
131.1

605.9
95.9
136.3

611.5
97.2
136.0

14.5
2.5
3.4

16.0
2.5
3.4

12.8
2.3
2.4

2.5
2.7
2.6

2.6
2.6
2.5

2.1
2.3
1.8

New Jersey1
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

3,951.1
191.1
706.4
269.6
539.1
474.5
964.7
168.2
57.4

4,025.0
195.5
713.3
270.5
550.4
489.1

176.4

181.5
9.1

155.2
8.0
24.3
16.5

172.2
58.7

4,022.0
196.2
713.1
272.3
550.5
488.0
976.4
172.9
58.4

16.0
46.5
6.8
4.1

17.2
46.9
6.6
4.6

3.8

4.5
4.7
4.3
7.2
3.6
3.4
4.8
4.0
7.1

4.5
4.7
4.1
7.2
3.4
3.5
4.8
3.8
7.9

3.9
4.1
3.4
6.1
3.1
3.0
4.2
3.6
6.5

680.1
255.7

677.9
257.6

672.2
254.1

56.1
66.3

54.1
68.0

55.1
67.3

61.6
16.5
3.9
3.4

58.2
16.2
4.4
3.6

55.9
16.0
4.1
3.6

9.1
6.4
7.0
5.1

8.6
6.3
8.2
5.3

8.3
6.3
7.4
5.3

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

17.9

9.0
30.4

19.3
19.4

29.5
19.5
19.0

17.0
14.6
40.7
6.3

See footnotes at end of table.




145

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

376.4
14.7
4.3
23.2
1.5
2.1
48.0
190.1
169.0
4.4
3.3
20.7
17.6
6.0

5.9
4.7
5.4
7.0
5.9
4.8
4.4
6.4
6.9
4.8
3.8
5.5
6.9
5.7

4.5
3.3
3.3
5.3
3.3
3.2
2.9
5.5
6.0
3.1
2.1
3.8
5.3
3.9

4.3
3.5
3.4
5.2
3.5
3.7
3.3
4.7
5.1
3.4
2.5
4.1
5.5
4.3

160.2
4.3
25.7
22.0
13.9

139.9
3.5
22.6
19.2
12.3

5.1
5.1
4.6
4.4
3.4

4.7
4.7
4.0
4.2
3.4

4.2
3.9
3.6
3.7
3.1

18.4
2.5
2.7
1.3

13.7
1.7
2.5
1.1

13.0
1.5
2.5
1.4

5.2
5.5
3.3
3.8

4.0
3.7
3.0
3.1

3.8
3.3
3.0
4.0

5.271.9
319.0
188.8
744.3
941.9
691.9
465.3
313.0
227.8

422.8
24.7
17.9
47.3
72.6
41.5
30.5
26.9
25.2

358.0
21.6
14.1
44.4
56.6
35.9
24.8
22.0
29.8

363.6
23.1
14.8
38.9
59.4
36.6
26.8
22.4
27.3

8.0
7.8
9.4
6.5
7.7
6.1
6.6
8.7
11.1

6.7
6.7
7.5
5.9
5.9
5.1
5.3
7.0
12.9

6.9
7.2
7.8
5.2
6.3
5.3
5.8
7.1
12.0

1,567.1
29.9
48.2
509.3
362.0

1,553.4
29.7
47.4
502.7
358.6

151.3
2.6
2.5
49.3
32.1

111.5
1.8
2.3
30.0
27.4

101.9
1.8
2.4
28.3
25.7

9.5
8.4
5.3
9.5
8.8

7.1
6.1
4.8
5.9
7.6

6.6
6.1
5.0
5.6
7.2

1,364.9
132.1
606.7
130.7

1,362.6
131.4
615.5
131.2

1,366.0
131.5
617.9
131.4

104.5
10.3
41.7
9.5

76.9
6.7
31.4
7.0

73.4
6.5
30.8
6.5

7.7
7.8
6.9
7.2

5.6
5.1
5.1
5.3

5.4
4.9
5.0
5.0

5,789.5
323.5
60.4
64.4
131.6
312.8
97.0
216.7
2,422.6
982.3
171.0
355.6
50.4
58.2
57.3
211.6

5,787.3
323.5
59.9
64.4
130.2
318.7
97.3
219.9
2,451.3
973.9
170.6
350.7
51.7
57.7
58.9
211.5

5,828.7
324.3
61.0
63.8
131.3
322.6
98.0
224.6
2,464.8
975.1
173.2
351.3
51.9
59.1
59.9
215.3

366.3
20.3
4.4
7.1
11.1
13.0
8.9
7.0
124.8
74.8
9.2
25.3
4.0
3.2
3.3
10.6

334.7
17.3
4.0
7.2
9.8
10.5
7.9
6.5
122.2
68.7
7.6
24.1
3.7
3.0
2.7
8.7

302.6
12.7
3.6
6.5
9.0
9.4
7.1
5.8
111.5
65.1
6.6
20.9
3.3
2.82.4
7.7

6.3
6.3
7.3
11.0
8.4
4.2
9.1
3.2
5.2
7.6
5.4
7.1
7.9
5.5
5.8
5.0

5.8
5.3
6.7
11.2
7.6
3.3
8.1
3.0
5.0
7.1
4.5
6.9
7.1
5.2
4.6
4.1

5.2
3.9
6.0
10.1
6.9
2.9
7.3
2.6
4.5
6.7
3.8
5.9
6.3
4.7
4.0
3.6

512.9
167.9
330.6

514.5
166.1
332.7

520.6
168.6
336.4

19.9
8.0
12.7

20.6
7.2
13.2

18.3
6.7
11.7

3.9
4.7
3.8

4.0
4.3
4.0

3.5
4.0
3.5

1,634.6
221.0
223.8
323.0

1,653.6
233.3
229.1
330.0

1,653.5
232.9
229.0
332.3

99.9
10.8
9.0
16.4

91.5
10.7
9.0
14.9

80.6
9.5
8.3
13.4

6.1
4.9
4.0
5.1

5.5
4.6
3.9
4.5

4.9
4.1
3.6
4.0

356.3
38.5
69.0

362.4
39.2
70.8

356.9
38.5
69.4

13.4
1.2
2.1

14.0
1.4
2.7

13.4
1.6
2.1

3.8
3.2
3.1

3.9
3.7
3.8

3.8
4.0
3.0

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy .
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

8,530.3
423.0
127.4
449.4
40.6
56.6
1,443.4
3,875.5
3,180.0
131.1
130.7
501.8
322.5
140.4

8,674.0
428.4
128.5
456.9
43.0
59.6
1,472.0
3,954.9
3,246.0
132.0
131.7
505.6
323.6
139.3

8,668.6
425.6
126.7
448.2
42.3
58.6
1,449.1
4,011.8
3,316.0
130.0
131.6
500.4
319.0
138.2

500.6
19.9
6.9
31.4
2.4
2.7
64.0
247.8
218.0
6.2
5.0
27.4
22.2
8.0

393.6
14.0
4.3
24.2
1.4
1.9
43.2
216.2
195.0
4.1
2.8
19.4
17.0
5.5

North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point .
Raleigh-Durham

3,252.0
88.4
605.1
501.9
385.6

3,389.4
91.2
637.4
526.9
407.6

3,351.2
89.8
635.0
518.8
403.7

166.6
4.5
27.6
22.2
13.2

356.5
46.2
82.0
35.1

347.0
45.6
84.1
35.6

345.2
45.4
82.9
35.0

Ohio1
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren.

5,261.1
317.2
190.1
730.4
945.4
679.2
463.0
308.1
226.7

5,325.5
321.3
189.1
752.9
954.0
697.2
467.3
315.4
231.2

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City .
Tulsa

1,599.7
30.9
48.0
520.4
363.5

Oregon

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks

Eugene-Springfield .
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania1
AHentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle .
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro...
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg .
South Dakota.
Rapid City
Sioux Falls ...
See footnotes at end of table.

146



Percent of
abor force

Number

State and area
Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Aug.
1986

July
1987

Aug.
1987P

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis LMA ..,
Nashville

2,305.6
198.7
207.7
274.2
439.0
502.7

2,336.2
200.8
213.7
278.2
442.1
509.2

2,323.6
201.2
212.0
276.9
440.9
504.0

177.8
13.1
14.8
19.5
28.8
24.8

165.9
12.2
15.9
18.3
26.6
24.5

Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
,
Victoria

8,186.5
54.8

8,636.3
57.6

105.4
444.9

8,590.1
57.2
105.6

745.2
5.4
6.6
23.9

753.8

99.2

22.1
8.9
14.6
3.7
20.6
100.1
26.6
53.9
12.7
156.1
7.8
7.1
9.3
7.8
26.6

Aug.
1986

6.6
5.7
7.0
6.0
5.8
4.6

710.1
4.5
6.8

8.7
8.5
6.6
6.9
13.1
10.4
14.6
6.2

8.3
7.9
6.4
6.7
12.3
9.6
13.7
5.6
11.2
6.4
10.5
7.0
10.9
8.8
7.8
14.2

43.2
6.6
24.7

47.4
6.4
28.8

45.8
6.7
27.4

5.7
6.9
4.9

6.3
6.7
5.8

6.1
6.9
5.5

299.0
75.9

11.6
2.3

9.5
1.8

8.7
1.8

3.9
3.2

3.2
2.4

2.9
2.4

2,994.9
62.7

129.8
1.9
3.2
3.5
28.4
16.1
4.7

123.9

123.1

136.7
2.4
4.5
4.1
27.6
17.2
5.2

1.9
3.3
3.4
26.8
15.4
5.6

4.7
3.9
9.1
6.0
4.8
4.2
4.5

4.3
3.1
6.5
5.0
4.7
3.7
3.8

4.1
3.0
6.6
4.8
4.5
3.6
4.5

2,225.1
985.0

2,231.9
987.3

170.8
60.8

157.6
57.2

140.7
52.6

7.7
6.3

7.1
5.8

6.3
5.3

735.9

751.1

739.2

115.7
125.9
72.1
71.3

119.3
126.7
72.5
72.0

118.6
125.9
72.3
71.3

78.1
9.9
13.1
7.1
7.2

72.9
9.7
12.2
5.5
5.6

67.3
9.7
11.8
5.6
5.7

10.6
8.6
10.4
9.9
10.1

9.7
8.1
9.6
7.6
7.8

9.1
8.2
9.4
7.8
8.0

2,419.9

2,513.2
167.0

2,499.9

56.1
61.0

146.4
9.1
3.7
5.3
8.8
4.9
2.4
8.2
40.6
6.6
2.8
3.4

129.9
7.8
3.5
5.1
4.6
3.6
2.2
7.6
35.2
5.8
3.1
3.0

121.0
7.0
3.3
4.7
6.7
4.3
1.9
6.6
33.3
5.8
2.5
2.7

6.1
5.7
5.6
5.2
12.7
9.6
4.9
4.0
5.7
7.8
5.3
5.8

5.2
4.7
4.9
4.8
6.5
6.6
4.3
3.6
4.8
6.7
5.5
5.0

4.8
4.2
4.7
4.5
9.9
8.3
3.7
3.1
4.5
6.7
4.5
4.5

247.6

19.5

17.2

16.2

7.6

7.0

6.5

14.2
3.8
20.2
80.8
25.1
43.1

113.8
1,675.7
97.5
47.1
83.2
115.8
148.1
53.2
58.3
47.4

58.5
169.9
1,487.6
242.4
712.2

114.4
1,662.3

97.0
46.1

12.1
176.3
7.0
7.2

3.9

38.9

80.0
39.9

90.1
56.6

96.2
60.4

79.5
39.8
95.6
60.2

4.8
7.2
4.1
7.1
4.8

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen

758.7
95.7
502.8

754.6
95.9
501.0

756.3
97.2
500.7

Vermont
Burlington

296.7
72.9

295.5
74.9

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,881.3

3,015.5

61.9

63.8
50.1

116.5

69.7
603.2
430.4
123.7

Washington
Seattle

2,214.6
965.9

56.9
76.4

49.3

67.9
577.9
407.6

159.8

67.2

48.8
203.7
709.8
84.9
52.9
58.4

71.6
104.8
70.6
54.3
51.5
213.6
735.7
86.8
56.0
61.3

255.1

247.2

101.7
68.9

50.9

Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1986 have been




7.1
6.1
7.5
6.6
6.0
4.8

7.8
4.4

81.4
109.7
138.2
52.5
58.9
45.5
577.7
48.3

99.3

59.1

1

7.7
6.6
7.1
7.1
6.6
4.9

7.9
4.6

90.0
44.4

99.5
59.6
172.2
1,492.5
242.1
714.1

9.3

51.6

Wyoming

153.5
11.6
14.8
16.7
25.6
23.4

3.9
4.7
6.9
3.3

109.3
1,618.7

23.9

59.5

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Aug.
1987P

4.1
5.0
7.2
3.5

164.8
1,413.4
225.6
655.7

167.1
85.3

51.6

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

July
1987

4.9
6.2
2.9
52.3

94.9
56.2

442.9

168.5
85.5

41.9

,

Aug.
1986

Aug.
1987^

8.2
13.6
3.3
19.0
95.8
25.5
50.1
12.5
146.5
7.5
6.6
8.7
7.3
26.1
4.4
5.5
2.8
50.1

414.9
163.6
80.8

629.6

Wichita Falls

July
1987

9.1
9.9
6.7
5.8
14.6
11.5
14.9
6.8
12.3
5.7
11.1
6.6
11.1
10.9
7.7
16.2
12.9
6.6
19.2
12.4
18.1
7.2
7.3
8.0
8.5
9.4
10.6
7.9
8.5

82.5
116.0
147.3
52.3
57.3
47.1
628.2

Waco

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

49.6
69.3
601.2
426.9

167.0
70.5
105.3
67.4
51.9
51.5
213.4
738.3
86.1

10.5
7.2
26.5
6.5

10.6
3.3

benchmarked to
11 States and
provisional and
available. Area
publication.

4.9
7.0
30.7

29.6
20.6

12.0
6.7
11.0
7.5
11.2
9.3
8.0
15.1
11.1
6.8
18.0
9.2
10.7
6.2
8.3
8.0
8.4
9.0
8.7
8.2
7.7

10.6
6.3
17.7
8.4
9.7
6.0
8.0
7.5
7.9
8.7
8.4
8.2
7.3

1986 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the
2 areas designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1987 are
will be revised when new benchmark information becomes
definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

147

Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports
from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from a
sample survey of the population 16 years of age and over.
The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the
Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the employed, and the
unemployed, including such characteristics as age, sex, race,
family relationship, marital status, occupation, and industry attachment. The survey also provides data on the characteristics and past work experience of those not in the labor
force. The information is collected by trained interviewers
from a sample of about 59,500 households, representing 729
areas in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia. The data collected are based on the activity or status reported for the
calendar week including the 12th of the month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on
nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The
employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based
on payroll reports from a sample of 290,000 establishments
employing over 38 million nonagricultural wage and salary
workers. The data relate to all workers, full or part time,
who received pay during the payroll period which includes
the 12th day of the month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data supplement one
another, each providing significant types of information that
the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics,
for example, are readily obtained only from the household
survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of differences in definitions and coverage, sources
of information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which
148




have a differential effect on the levels and trends of the two
series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics and
other private household workers), self-employed persons,
unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more during the
survey week in family-operated enterprises, and members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. Civilian
employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and
salary employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons
holding more than one job are counted only once and are
classified according to the job at which they worked the
greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the
figures based on establishment reports, persons who worked
in more than one establishment during the reporting period
are counted each time their names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were not
at work during the survey week—that is, were not working
but had jobs from which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management
disputes, or because they were taking time off for various
other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers
for the time off. In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the company are included, but not
those on leave without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences between
household and establishment survey employment data, see
Gloria P. Green's article, "Comparing Employment Estimates From Household and Payroll Surveys," Monthly
Labor Review, December 1969.
Hours of work
The household survey measures hours actually worked
whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for by

employers. In the household survey data, all persons with
a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average hours. In the payroll
survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during
the reporting period.
Earnings
The household survey measures median earnings of wage
and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both
the private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's sole or primary job. Data
from the establishment survey generally refer to average
earnings of production and related workers in mining and
manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and
nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries. For a comprehensive discussion of the household
survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the
Quarterly Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113.

COMPARABILITY OF HOUSEHOLD DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from
the household survey includes all persons who did not have
a job at all during the survey week and were looking for work
or were waiting to be called back to a job from which they
had been laid off, whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance
claims, prepared by the Employment and Training Administration of the Department of Labor, exclude persons who
have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have
not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons
losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems
(some workers in agriculture, domestic services, and religious organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family
workers). Beginning in January 1978, coverage was extended
to include domestic workers whose employers paid $1,000
or more in wages in any calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or more workers in
20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any
calendar quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment
compensation differ from the definition of unemployment
used in the household survey. For example, persons with
a job but not at work and persons working only a few hours
during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment
compensation but are classified as employed rather than




unemployed in the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences between State insured unemployment and total unemployment,
see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemployment"
by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the Monthly
Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of
Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the
inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual jobholders, who
are counted more than once if they work on more than one
farm during the reporting period. There are also wide differences in sampling techniques and collecting and estimating
methods which cannot be readily measured in terms of their
impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two
series.

COMPARABILITY OF PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from
employment counts derived by the Bureau of Census from
its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons for noncomparability are different treatment of business units considered parts
of an establishment, such as central administrative offices
and auxiliary units, the industrial classification of establishments, and different reporting patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences in the scope of the industries
covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional
services, public utilities, and financial establishments,
whereas these are included in the BLS statistics.
County Business Patterns. Data in County Business Patterns
(CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS establishment statistics
in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP
excludes interstate railroads and government, and coverage
is incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance programs. Most nonagricultural wage and salary workers are
covered by the unemployment insurance programs.
However, certain activities, such as interstate railroads,
parochial schools, and churches, are not covered by unemployment insurance whereas these are included in the BLS
establishment statistics.

149

Household Data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population, the
personal, occupational, and other characteristics of the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the labor force,
and related data are compiled for the BLS by the Bureau of
the Census in its Current Population Survey (CPS). A detailed
description of this survey appears in Concepts and Methods
Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the Current
Population Survey, BLS Report 463. Historical national data
are published in Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current Population Survey: A Databook, BLS Bulletin 2096.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted
through a scientifically selected sample designed to represent
the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents are interviewed to obtain information about the employment status of each member of the household 16 years of age and
over. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which includes the 12th
of the month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field
interviewing is conducted in the following week.
Inmates of institutions and persons under 14 years of age
are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations, and
are excluded from the population and labor force statistics
shown in this publication. Data on the members of the Armed
Forces stationed in the United States, who are included as
part of the categories "noninstitutional population," "labor
force," and "total employment." are obtained from the
Department of Defense.
Each month about 59,500 occupied units are eligible for
interview. About 2,500 of these households are visited but
interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not
at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey of
between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the 59,500 occupied
units, there are 11,000 sample units in an average month
which are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not
enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month. The
rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample to be
common from one month to the next, and one-half to be common with the same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data
have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the
inception of the survey in 1940; those used since 1967 are
as follows:
Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in their
own business, profession, or on their own farm, or who
worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise
operated by a member of the family; and (b) all those who
150




were not working but who had jobs or businesses from which
they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor- management disputes, or personal reasons,
whether they were paid for the time off or were seeking other
jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States are also included in the employed total.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those who
held more than one job are counted in the job at which they
worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries who are temporarily in the United States but not living
on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons whose
only activity consisted of work around the house (painting,
repairing, or own home housework) or volunteer work for
religious, charitable, and similar organizations.
Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no employment during the survey week, were available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to
find employment sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which
they had been laid off or were waiting to report to a new
job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of time
(through the current survey week) during which persons classified as unemployed had been continuously looking for
work. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment
represents the number of full weeks since the termination
of their most recent employment. A period of 2 weeks or
more during which a person was employed or ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the
present period of seeking work. Measurements of mean and
median duration are computed from a distribution of single
weeks of unemployment.
Unemployment is also categorized according to the status
of individuals at the time they began to look for work. The
reasons for unemployment are divided into four major
groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking for work,
and persons on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit
or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and
immediately began looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks
or longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning
to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who never
worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer. Each
of these four categories of the unemployed may be expressed
as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian
labor force; the sum of the four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian workers.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made

specific efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week
period preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include
those persons unemployed because they (a) were waiting to
be called back to a job from which they had been laid off
or (b) were waiting to report to a new job within 30 days.
Jobseekers are grouped by the methods used to seek work,
including going to a public or private employment agency
or to an employer directly, seeking assistance from friends
or relatives, placing or answering ads, or utilizing some other
method. Examples of the "other" category include being
on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from
a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor
pickup point.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians classified
as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria
described above. The labor force also includes members of
the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
The overall unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
The unemployment rate for all civilian workers represents
the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor
force. This measure can also be computed for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, etc.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the population that is in the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident
Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian
labor force participation rate is the ratio of the civilian labor
force to the civilian noninstitutional population. Civilian labor
force participation rates are usually published for sexage groups, often cross-classified by other demographic
characteristics such as race and educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of
the noninstitutional population that is employed. The total
employment-population ratio is total employment, including
the resident Armed Forces, as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The civilian employment-population ratio is the percentage of all employed civilians in the civilian
noninstitutional population.
Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are
further classified as engaged in own home housework, in
school, unable to work because of long-term physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The "other" group includes
individuals reported as too old or temporarily unable to work,
the voluntarily idle, seasonal workers for whom the survey
week fell in an off season and who were not reported as looking for work, and persons who did not look for work because they believed that no jobs were available in the area
or that no jobs were available for which they could qualify—
discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid
family work (less than 15 hours in the specified week) are
also classified'as not in labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous work
experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a job at the




time of interview, and reasons for not looking for work are
published on a quarterly basis. As of January 1970, the
detailed questions for persons not in the labor force are asked
only in those households that are in the fourth and eighth
months of the sample, i.e., the "outgoing" groups, those
which had been in the sample for 3 previous months and
would not be in for the subsequent month. Between 1967
and 1969, these questions were asked in those households
entering the sample for the first time and those returning for
the second 4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming"
groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed
apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two
or more jobs are classified in the job at which they worked
the greatest number of hours during the survey week. The
unemployed are classified according to their last full-time
job lasting 2 weeks or more. The classifications of occupations and industries used in data derived^ from the CPS are
defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed
categories included in these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and salary
workers subdivided into private and government workers;
self-employed workers; and unpaid family workers. Wage
and salary workers receive wages, salary, commission, tips,
or pay in kind from a private employer or from a government unit. Self-employed persons are those who work for
profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or
operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or
in a business operated by a member of the household to whom
they are related by birth or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours
worked during the survey week. For example, persons who
normally work 40 hours a week but were off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours even
though they were paid for the holiday. For persons working
in more than one job, the figures relate to the number of hours
worked in all jobs during the week; all the hours are credited to the major job.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey
week are designated as working full time. Persons who
worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working
part time. Part-time workers are classified by their usual status at their present job (either full or part time) and by their
reason for working part time during the survey week (economic or noneconomic reasons). Economic reasons include:
Slack work, material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start or termination of a job during the week, and inability to find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons include:
Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation, demands
of home or school, no desire for full-time work, and fulltime worker only during peak season. Persons on full-time
schedules include, in addition to those working 35 hours or
more, those who worked from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic
reasons and usually work full time.
Data on employment "at work" differ from data on total
employment because they exclude persons in the zero-hours151

worked category, "with a job but not at work." These are
persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week
for such reasons as bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor dispute.
Employed persons are also categorized into full- and parttime groupings based primarily on their usual status. In this
context, full-time workers are those who (a) worked 35 hours
or more during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours
for economic or noneconomic reasons, but usually work full
time, and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually
work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who
(a) voluntarily worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week,
(b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually
work part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time
work; and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually
work part time.
Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers are
calculated using the concepts of the full- and part-time labor
force which are based on the type of job—full or part-time—
that persons—whether working or unemployed—report that
they want. The "full-time labor force" includes all persons
working part time but who desire full-time work, that is,
working part time for economic reasons. Thus, this category
consists of persons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily working part time regardless of their usual status; and unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The
"part-time labor force" consists of persons working part time
voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time work.
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work on full-time or voluntary part-time schedules.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours lost
to the economy through unemployment and involuntary parttime employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is computed by assuming that;
(1) unemployed persons looking for full-time work lost an
average of 37.5 hours, (2) those looking for part-time work
lost the average number of hours actually worked by voluntary part-time workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on part time for economic reasons lost the difference
between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they
worked.
White, black, and other are terms used to describe the race
of workers. Included in the "other" group are American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders.
All tables in this publication which contain racial data, with
the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data
for the black population group. Because of their relatively
small sample size, data for "other" races are not published.
In the enumeration process, race is determined by the household respondent.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified themselves
in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican living
on the mainland, Cuban, Central or South American, or of
other Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic ori-

152




gin may be of any race; thus they are included in both the
white and black population groups.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed
Forces of the United States between August 5, 1964, and
May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and women
are excluded. Nonveterans are men who never served in the
Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from responses
to the question "How much does.. .USUALLY earn per week
at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime
pay, commissions, or tips usually received. The term
"usual" is as perceived by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than half the weeks worked
during the past 4 or 5 months. Data refer to wage and salary
workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who
usually work full time on their sole or primary job.
Median earnings indicate the value which divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part having values
above the median and the other having values below the median. The medians as shown in this publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the $50 centered interval within
which each median falls.
Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status are terms used to define the marital status of
individuals at the time of interview. Married, spouse present,
applies to husband and wife if both were reported as members of the same household even though one may be temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a hospital,
etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are married,
spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse
absent, includes persons who are separated because of marital discord, as well as persons who are living apart because
either the husband or the wife was employed and living away
from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or had a different
place of residence for any reason.
A household consists of all persons—related family members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a housing unit.
A house, an apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room
is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended for
occupancy as separate living quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in
whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The term
is never applied to either husbands or wives in married-couple
families but relates only to persons in families maintained
by either men or women without a spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons residing
together who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption; all
such persons are considered as members of one family even
though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married couple or a parent-child group related by birth or marriage to the householder and sharing the living quarters. The

count of families used in this publication excludes unrelated
subfamilies such as lodgers, guests, or resident employees
living in a household but not related to the householder. Families are classified either as married-couple families or as families maintained by women or men without spouses. A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in which the
householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married,
spouse absent. Data on the earnings of families exclude all
those in which there is no wage or salary earner or in which
the husband, wife, or other persons maintaining the family
is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in tracted
areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD's) in untracted
areas, in which 20 percent or more of the noninstitutional
residents were poor according to the 1980 decennial census.
Persons were classified as poor or nonpoor by comparing
money income to a series of poverty income thresholds which
vary by family size and number of children. While poverty
areas have a substantial concentration of low-income residents, many poor persons live outside these areas, and conversely, the areas include many people who are not poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the total
of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA's) as defined by
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as of June 30,
1983. These definitions differ from those used in the 1980
decennial census. A detailed discussion of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology can be found in "The
New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980
Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan Statistical Areas, PC-S1-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist of the total territory outside MSA's.
The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census,
comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in places
of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized areas. More
specifically, the urban population consists of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated
as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New
York), and towns (except in the New England States, New
York, and Wisconsin), but excluding those persons living
in the rural portions of extended cities; and (2) other territories, incorporated and unincorporated, included in urbanized
areas. The population not classified as urban constitutes the
rural population.

HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Change in lower age limit
The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor force,
employment, and unemployment was raised from 14 to 16
years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical
series have been revised to provide consistent information
based on the population 16 years and over. For a detailed
discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced
at that time, including estimates of their effect on the various series, see "New Definitions for Employment and Unemployment," Employment and Earnings and Monthly




Report on the Labor Force, February 1967.

Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there are
several other periods of noncomparability in the labor force
data: (l)Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from
the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total employment, and agricultural employment were increased by about
350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and men;
other categories were relatively unaffected. (2) Beginning in
1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and about 300,000
in the labor force. Four-fifths of this increase was in nonagricultural employment; other labor force categories were not appreciably affected. (3) Beginning in 1962, the introduction of
data from the 1960 census reduced the population by about
50,000 and labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually unchanged. (4) Beginning
in 1972, information from the 1970 census was introduced
into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by
about 800,000; labor force and employment totals were
raised by a little more than 300,000; and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent
population adjustment based on the 1970 census was introduced in March 1973. This adjustment, which affected
the white and black-and-other groups but had little effect on
totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white
population and an increase of the same magnitude in the
black-and-other population. Civilian labor force and total employment figures were affected to a lesser degree; the white
labor force was reduced by 150,000, and the black-and-other
labor force rose by about 210,000. Unemployment levels and
rates were not significantly affected.
In addition, beginning in January 1974, the methodology
used to prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to an inflation-deflation
approach. This change in the derivation of the estimates had
its greatest impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year-old men—
particularly those of the black-and-other population—but had
little effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and
over. Additional information on the adjustment procedure
appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from InflationDeflation Method of Estimation", in the February 1974
issue of Employment and Earnings.
Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration of
Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and
black-and-other independent population controls for persons
16 years and over were adjusted upward by 76,000—30,000
men and 46,000 women. The addition of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all of the changes were in
the other population.
Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation procedures
resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the civilian labor
153

force and employment totals; unemployment levels and rates
were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural
changes and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1978"
in the February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual was
determined by the household respondent for the incoming
rotation group households, rather than by the interviewer as
before. The purpose of this change was to provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race. Thus, in October
1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race determined by the household respondent and seven-eighths of the
sample households had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race determined by the household respondent. The
new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio estimation
method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for
metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for the
total United States. The reasoning behind the change and an
indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the February
1979 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect
on national estimates of labor force characteristics appear
in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning
in January 1982" in the February 1982 issue of Employment
and Earnings. In addition, current population estimates used
in the second-stage estimation procedure were derived
from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than
the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases
in total population and estimates of persons in all labor force
categories. Rates for labor force characteristics, however,
remained virtually unchanged. Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment procedure used is also described in the
February 1982 article cited above. The revisions did not,
however, smooth out the breaks in series occurring between
1972 and 1979 that are described above, and data users
should make allowances for them in making certain data comparisons.
Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment
methodology was updated to account for results obtained
from the 1980 census. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the February
1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. There were only
slight differences between the old and new procedures in estimates of levels for the various labor force characteristics
and virtually no differences in estimates of participation rates.
Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the CPS
estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first
and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite
154




estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in
the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes
and an indication of their effect on national estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation
Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of this publication. Overall, the revisions had only a slight effect on most
estimates. The greatest impact was on estimates of persons
of Hispanic origin. Major estimates were revised back to
January 1980.
Beginning in January 1986, the population controls used
in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980 and
an improved estimate of the number of emigrants among legal foreign-born residents for the same time period. As a
result, the total civilian population and labor force estimates
were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian employment was increased by about 350,000. The Hispanic-origin civilian population and labor force estimates were raised by about 425,000
and 305,000, respectively, and civilian employment by
270,000. Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and
rates were not significantly affected. Because of the magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data have been revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An
explanation of the changes and their effect on estimates of
labor force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of this
publication.
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification system
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational employment data was affected as a result of changes in the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were
introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further affected
in December 1971, when a question relating to major activity or duties was added to the monthly CPS questionnaire
in order to determine more precisely the occupational classification of individuals. As a result of these changes,
meaningful comparisions of occupational employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and prior years nor
between those 2 years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of the changes
in the occupational classification system, see "Revisions in
Occupational Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in
the Current Population Survey" in the February 1971 and
February 1972 issues, respectively, of Employment and
Earnings.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from those
developed for the 1970 census, which were used in the CPS
from January 1971 through December 1982.
The 1980 census occupational classification system evolved

from the Standard Occuptional Classification system (SOC).
While the CPS occupational data are now comparable with
other data sources, the new system is so radically different
in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical data are not possible without major adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales
occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category
"sales workers". Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in
retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980 census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification
system (SIC), as modified in 1977. The adoption of the new
system had a much less adverse effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most notable changes from the 1970 system were the transfer of farm
equipment stores from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal
service from "public administration" to "transportation",
and some interchange between "professional and related
services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational
and industrial classification systems appears in "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983"
in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Changes in the sample design
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various
changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of these
changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the
sample design and/or to increase the reliability of the sample estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census is
to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of sample areas
and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally. In 1953, the current rotation plan was introduced, in
which a sample unit is interviewed for 4 months, leaves the
sample for 8 months, and then returns to the sample for
another 4 months. When Alaska and Hawaii achieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to account for
the population in these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major portion of the sample from census address
lists was begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected using area sampling. Following the 1970 census, the
ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous
cluster of six housing units to a usually contiguous cluster
of four housing units. In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24 States and the District of Columbia and designed to provide more reliable
annual average estimates for States, was incorporated into
the design. In October 1978, a coverage improvement sample, composed of approximately 450 sample household units
which represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and
600,000 new construction housing units, was included in
computing the estimates in order to provide coverage of mo-




bile homes and new construction units that previously had
no chance for selection in the CPS sample selebted from the
1970 census frame. In January 1980, another supplemental
sample of 9,000 households selected in 32 States and the District of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May
1981. Beginning in January 1982, the sample was expanded
by 100 households to provide additional coverage in counties added to SMSA's, which were redefined in 1973.
Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was
selected based on 1980 census information rather than 1970
census information. The selection of new sample areas
provided an opportunity to improve the efficiency of the sample design. Sample areas chosen to replace incoming sample areas account for only 10 percent of the national estimate.
The new CPS sample has resulted in increased reliability for
State estimates with a slightly reduced sample size. The reliability of national estimates is unaffected. Sample households
are chosen from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973
geographic areas in the United States. This current number
of sample areas is not completely comparable to the old number of sample areas since many of the sample areas have been
redefined. (See pp. 7-10 of the May 1984 issue of Employment and Earnings, for an overview of these new definitions
and the introduction of the new sample.)
Table A provides a description of some aspects of the CPS
sample design in use during the different data collection
periods. A more detailed account of the history of the CPS
sample design appears in the Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of
the Census, or Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force
Statistics Derived From the Current Population Survey,
Report 463, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously
and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data
from each sample person by the inverse of the probability
of the person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure of the number of actual persons that the sample person
represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons
within the same State have the same probability of selection.
These estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the
ratio estimation procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for
occupied sample households for which no information was
obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or
unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This
noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations
of similar sample areas that are not necessarily contained
within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based on
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size. Within
155

Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date
Households eligible
Time period

Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954.
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956.
May 1956 to Dec. 1959.
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963.
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966.
Jan. 1967 to July 1971 .
Aug. 1971 to July 1972.
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977.
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979.
Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981 .
May 1981 to Dec. 1984.
Jan. 1985 to present

Number of sample
areas

Interviewed

21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000

68
230
330
2333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
1

Not interviewed
500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500

Households visited but
not eligible
3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000

1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage
in each State and the District of Columbia

2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and
Hawaii after statehood.

each combination of sample areas there is a further breakdown by residence. MS A sample areas are categorized by
"central city" and "balance of the MSA". Residence
categories of non-MSA areas are "urban" and "rural". The
proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from
4 to 5 percent, depending on weather, vacation, etc.

extent for CPS undercoverage relative to the decennial census, is carried out in three steps. In the first step, the sample
estimates are adjusted within each State and the District of
Columbia to an independent control for the population 16
years and over. The second step involves an adjustment by
Hispanic origin to a national estimate for eight age-sex
categories by Hispanic and non-Hispanic. In the third step,
a national adjustment is made by the race categories of white,
black, and other races to independent estimates by age and
sex. The white and black categories contain 32 age-sex
groups each; the other races category has 6 age-sex cells.
The entire second-stage adjustment procedure is iterated six
times, each time beginning at the weights developed the
previous time. This ensures that the sample estimates of the
population for both State and national age-sex-race- origin
categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure
incorporates changes instituted in January 1985. The nature
and effect of these changes are discussed in detail in
' 'Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the February
1985 issue of Employment and Earnings.
The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of
the trend in the growth of this segment of the population from
the April 1, 1980, census through the latest available July
1 estimate, adjusted as a last step to a current estimate of
the U.S. population of this group. State estimates by age for
July 1 are published annually in Current Population Reports,
Series P-25. For a description of the methodology used in
developing the State total, see Report 640 of that series. A
description of the age estimates methodology is available on
request from the Chief of the Population Division, U.S.
Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. 20233.
Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control for
Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census count for Hispanics by adding estimated Hispanic births
and immigrants and subtracting estimated Hispanic deaths

2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected
for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that
of the population as a whole in such characteristics as age,
race, sex, and residence. Since these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample, the survey
estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of
ratio estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of the
729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas not in
the sample; the remainder of the sample areas represent only
themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was
designed to reduce the portion of the variance resulting from
requiring sample areas to represent nonsample areas. Therefore, this procedure is not applied to sample areas which
represent only themselves. The adjustment is made at the
State level for each of the 43 States which contain nonsample areas by race cells of black and non-black. The procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell at the
time of the 1980 census between the race distribution of the
population in sample areas and the known race distribution
of the State.
b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample
proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted to
the distribution of independent current estimates of the
civilian noninstitutional population in the same categories.
The second-stage ratio adjustment, which is performed to
further reduce variability of the estimates and to correct to some
156




and emigrants to yield an estimate of the Hispanic population
by age and sex.
During the period from January 1982 to December 1984,
the "inflation-deflation" method was temporarily discontinued
in the preparation of the independent national controls used for
the age-sex-race groups in the third step of the second-stage
ratio estimation procedure. These controls were prepared by
carrying forward the 1980 census data after taking account of
subsequent aging of the population, births, deaths, and net
migration and then subtracting the estimate for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in January 1985,
the "inflation-deflation" method of deriving independent population controls was reintroduced into the CPS estimation procedure. With the "inflation-deflation" method, the independent
controls are prepared by inflating the 1980 census counts to
include estimated undercounts by age, sex and race, aging this
population forward to each subsequent month and later age by
adding births and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These
post-censal population estimates are then deflated to census level
to reflect the pattern of net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex, and race. Because an estimate of undercount
is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex
group is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method. Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age structure
of the undercount, but not the level. This feature of the method
is important since the exact amount of undercount in the 1980
census remains unknown.
Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and the
estimate date are based on tabulations of vital statistics for the
resident population made by the National Center for Health
Statistics and data on deaths of military personnel overseas from
the Department of Defense. Estimates of net civilian immigration are based on data provided by the Immigration and
Naturalization Service, the Department of Defense, the Office
of Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning Board.
The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the
estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas.
The institutional population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived from the 1980 census to the total
population, including Armed Forces overseas for the estimate
date. All computations described above are performed in cells
defined by single year of age, race, and sex. The independent
national control totals are then obtained by collapsing these cells
into broader age groups for the population 16 years and older.
Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced
into the estimation of the independent population controls. For
the first time, an explicit allowance for net undocumented immigration since April 1, 1980 (the census date) was added to
the estimated level of legal immigration. In addition, an increase in the estimate of emigration of legal foreign-born residents has been incorporated into the postcensal population
estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of these changes
are discussed in detail in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January
1986" in the February 1986 issue of Employment and Earnings.




3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics for a
given month, a composite estimating procedure is used which
takes account of net changes from the previous month for continuing parts of the sample (75 percent), as well as the sample
results for the current month. Also included is an additional
term which is an estimate of the net difference between incoming and continuing parts of the current month's sample. Almost
all estimates of month-to-month change are improved by this
procedure, and most estimates of level are also improved, but
to a lesser extent.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of independent rounding
of totals and components to the nearest thousand. Similarly,
sums of percent distributions may not always equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based
on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The standard errors provided primarily indicate the magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in response and enumeration but do not
measure any systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to quantify
some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS , as discussed
below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative change, such as month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels would be more severely affected by
the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many
sources, e.g., inability to obtain information about all cases
in the sample, definitional difficulties, differences in the interpretation of questions, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall
information, errors made in collection such as in recording or
coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made
in estimating values for missing data, and failure to represent
all sample households and all persons within sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of the
survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program.
This program is used to estimate various sources of error as
well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers.
A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected
through reinterview at regular intervals. The results indicate,
among other things, that the data published from the CPS are
subject to moderate systematic biases, A description of the CPS
reinterview program and some of the other results may be found
in the Current Population Survey Reinterview Program,
157

January 1961 Through December 1966, Technical Paper No.
19, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan
used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies
by rotation group. A description of these effects appears in
"The Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From
Panel Surveys,'' by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March
1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage
is about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS undercoverage
varies with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally,
undercoverage is larger for men than for women, and larger for blacks, Hispanics, and other races combined than for
whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-raceHispanic origin population controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage. However, biases exist in the estimates to the extent that
missed persons in missed households or missed persons in
interviewed households have different characteristics than
interviewed persons in the same age-sex-race-Hispanic origin group. Further, the independent population controls used
have not been adjusted for undercoverage in the 1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS
appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by
the Current Population Survey," by Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and
Standards; in "The Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of
Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and
in The Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce. This last document includes a
comprehensive discussion of various sources of error and
describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a measure
of sampling variability, that is, of the variation that occurs
by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and its estimated standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, ranges
that would include the average of all possible samples with
a known probability. For example, if all possible samples
were selected, each of these surveyed under essentially the
same general conditions and using the same sample design,
and an estimate and its estimated error were calculated from
each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error above
the estimate would include the average result of all possible
samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
158




standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors
above the estimate would include the average of all possible
samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2
standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors above
the estimate would include the average result of all possible
samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a large number of estimates and could be prepared
at a moderate cost, a number of approximations are required.
First, the standard errors in this volume reflect the sample
design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State estimates. Thus, these standard errors may
slightly overstate the standard errors applicable to the present
design. Second, instead of computing an individual standard
error for each estimate, generalized sets of standard errors
are computed for various types of characteristics. This generalization yields more stable estimates of the standard errors.
Consequently, the sets of standard errors provided give an
indication of the order of magnitude of the standard error
of an estimate rather than the precise standard error.
Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for
major employment status characteristics for monthly estimates and for changes for consecutive months. These standard errors are applicable to the level of the estimates in recent months.
Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors
for monthly level and month-to-month change for estimated
totals, unemployment rates, and percentages. Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly level and
month-to-month change for percentages. Standard errors for
intermediate values not shown in the table may be approximated by linear interpolation. The standard error for estimated changes from one month to the next is more closely
related to the monthly level for the characteristic than to the
size of the specific month-to-month change itself. Thus, in
order to use the generalized standard errors for month-tomonth change as given in the tables of standard errors, it
is necessary to obtain the monthly estimate for the characteristic. It should be noted that the tables of standard errors
for month-to-month change apply only to estimates of change
between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of change for nonconsecutive months are subject to higher standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with tables D, F, H, and I to
compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor force
participation rates, and percentages as pertaining to the yearto-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages,
changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes
in yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes in
quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive
quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the standard errors must be adjusted due to the differences in the sample
size. For years prior to 1956, the standard errors should be
multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66 period they should
be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard

Table B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(in thousands)
Standard error of—

Employment status, sex,
age, and race

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed....
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force .
Employed . . .
Unemployed .

Monthly
level

Month-tomonth
change
(consecutive
months only)

244
263
131

187
200
134

148
162
89

127
141
91

189
190
82

140
144
85

83
86
57

91
97
63

82
92
65

63
70
67

49
56
43

43
50
46

67
67
43

44
48
46

33
30
30

37
34
32

errors for quarterly estimates of persons and families for use
with the CPS earnings data.
Standard errors for estimated totals. Tables D and E provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals and for
month-to-month change. The figures given in these tables
are to be used for the characteristics as indicated.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number of
persons working a specific number of hours was 12,000,000,
an increase of 400,000 over the previous month. Linear interpolation in the second column of table D shows that the
standard error on an estimate of 12,000,000 is about 159,000.
The 68-percent confidence interval as shown by these data
is from 11,841,000 to 12,159,000. Therefore, a conclusion
that the average estimate derived from all possible samples
lies within a range computed in this way would be correct
for roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that
the standard error of a month-to-month change is primarily
dependent on the size of the monthly estimate. Thus, using
linear interpolation in the first column of table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change of 400,000, when the
monthly level is approximately 12,000,000, is about 118,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability
of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated percentage, computed using sample data for both numerator and
denominator, depends upon both the size of the rate or percentage and the total upon which the rate or percentage is
based. Estimated rates and percentages are relatively more

Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics
Standard error of—

Standard error of—
Characteristic

Characteristic
Monthly level

Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over . . .
Women, 20 years and over.
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .
White workers.
Black workers
Married men, spouse present...
Married women, spouse present.
Full-time workers .
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over .

0.11
.15
.17
.65
.11
.52
.15
.21
.12
.34
.06

Consecutivemonth change

0.12
.15
.18
.77
.12
.54
.16
.23
.12
.42
.08

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and managerial . .
Professional specialty
Technicians and related support.
Sales
Administrative support, including clerical .
Private household .
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective.




.21
.18
.49
.29
.24
1.07
.67

.24
.20
.55
.32
.26
1.20
.76

.38

.43

Monthly level

Occupation—Continued
Precision production, craft, and repair.
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing .

Consecutivemonth change

0.32

0.35

.50
.57

.57
.64

.70
.65

.80
.73

.13
1.37
.65
.27
.34
.42

.14
1.56
.74
.30
.38
.48

.41
.26
.20
.18
1.22

.46
.29
.22
.19
1.40

Industry
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing . . .
Durable goods . . . .
Nondurable goods
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade .
Finance and services.
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers.

159

reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator
of the rates or percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of 50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are not published when the monthly base is less than
75,000, the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or
the annual average base is less than 35,000.
Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for
monthly level and month-to-month change for unemployment
rates. Generalized standard errors for estimated monthly percentages and estimated month-to-month change in percentage can be obtained through the use of the standard errors
in table H and the factors in table I. First, obtain the standard error from table H for the specific percentage and base.
The generalized standard error is then calculated by multiplying the standard error from table H by the appropriate
factor from table I. When the numerator and denominator
of the percentage are in different categories, use the factor
indicated by the numerator of the percentage.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month 3.6 percent of
a total of 90,771,000 employed persons are employed in
agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 3.6 percent with a base of 90,771,000 is obtained from table H (0.09
percent). The appropriate factor from table I for the numerator of the percentage, agricultural employment, is 1.26. The
generalized standard error on the estimated 3.6 percent is
then approximately 0.09 x 1.26 = 0.1 percentage point.

Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly estimates,
quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly
averages, and changes in yearly averages. The approximate
standard errors of levels, rates, and percentages involving
year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and
changes in yearly averages may be obtained by using table
J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for
estimates of change are more closely related to the level of
the estimate than to the size of the specific change. Thus,
to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an average level,
rate, or percentage, or an estimate of a change in level, rate,
or percentage, it is first necessary to find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate of an average level, rate,
or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For
an estimate of change in level, rate, or percentage, find the
standard error of the average of the two estimates affecting
the change. Then, after computing the standard error by treating these estimates as monthly estimates and using the procedures above, multiply this result by a suitable factor from
table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the
average or change.
Illustration. Suppose that one is interested in the year-to-year
change of a monthly unemployment rate. Assume that for
a certain month the unemployment rate is 6.9 percent, based
on a total of 95,676,000 in the civilian labor force, and that

Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(in thousands)
Characteristic1
Unemployment

Labor force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment

Estimated monthly level
Agricultural
employment

50 ..
100 .
500 ..
1,000 .
2,000 .
4,000 .
6,000 .
8,000
10,000.
15,000.
20,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
60,000 .
70,000 .
80,000 . .
100,000.
120,000.

14
19
43
61
85
120
146

Total or
white

Black

Total or
white

Black

10
15
33
47
66
93
113
129
143
172
195

11
16
35
49
67
88
99

11
15
34
48
68
95
116
133
147
177
201
236
261
278
288
293
293
273
231

11
15
34
47
64
84
94
97
94
50

1
When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group
which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard
error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error

160




Total or
white, 16 to Black, 16 to
19 years
19 years

11
15
33
46
63
80
86
83
70

11
15
29
33
-

Tntj^l or

1 ULCll vJI
Black men
white men
only, or
only, or
women only
women only

10
14
32
45
63
87
105
120
132
155
170
188
189
175
141
61

10
14
31
42
55
66
58
23

of the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use
the column for total employed.

Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(in thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural
employment

Unemployment
Estimated monthly level
Total or white

50..
100.
500...
1,000.
2,000 .
4,000 .
6,000 .
8,000 . .
10,000 .
15,000 .
20,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
60,000 .
70,000 .
80,000 . .
100,000 .
120,000
1

12
16
37
51
72
99
118
132
143
160
165
-

Both sexes 16
to 19 years,
or part-time
labor force2

Black

13
18
40
54
70
78
60

12
17
38
52
69
85
87

Black, 16 to
16 to 19 years Total or white

12
18
35
37

8
11
25
36
50
70
86
98
109
131
148
174
191
203
210
212
211
193
153

Black

8
11
25
35
47
62
70
73
71
42

Total or white, Black, 16 to
19 years
16 to 19 years

13
18
39
54
72
88
88
71

13
18
34
36
-

See footnote 1, table D.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons reentering

the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by duration of
unemployment.

a year prior to this the unemployment rate was 6.1 percent,
based on a total of 94,254,000 in the civilian labor force for
the month. First, the standard error on the average of the
two estimates, 6.5 percent with a base of 94,965,000, is obtained from table F (0.12 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate
standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then given
by 0.12 x 1.40 = 0.17 percentage point.
The approximate standard error of levels involving yearto-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using
table K in conjunction with the following formula:

lation between the estimates X and Y resulting from the
presence of some of the same respondents in the sample for
each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of quarterly estimates, the values of P are 0.30 for persons (total,
white, and black) and 0.35 for families (total, white, and
black). The respective values for estimates of Hispanics are
0.45 and 0.55.

2

Standard
error of
year-to-year
change =

StandA
dA
ard
I
error #-2
#-2(P)
//

/stand-X
I ard I
I error J
\
x /

/standI ard
I error
\
yy

Illustration. Assume that in a given quarter the number of
women employed as full-time wage and salary workers was
27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year later, their number had increased to 29,000,000. Using linear interpolation
in the eighth column of table K, the standard error of an estimate of 27,000,000 is 216,000; for 29,000,000 it is
221,000. Using the above formula, the standard error of the
2,000,000 year-to-year change is:

(216,000)2

X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the estimate for
another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a measure of the corre-




+

(221,000)2

-2(.3O) (216,000)

(221,000),

or about 259,000.

161

Table F. Standard errors for unemployment i ates
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
Monthly base of unemployment rate
(in thousands)
50, .
100.
500 . .
1,000 .
2,000 .
4,000 .
6,000 . .
10,000 .
20,000 .
60,000 . .
100,000 .

1

2

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2.09
1.48
.66
.47
.33
.23
.19
.15
.10
.06
.05

2.94
2.08
.93
.66
.46
.33
.27
.21
.15
.08
.07

4.57
3.23
1.45
1.02
.72
.51
.42
.32
.23
.13
.10

6.28
4.44
1.99
1.40
.99
.70
.57
.44
.31
.18
.14

7.46
5.28
2.36
1.67
1.18
.83
.68
.53
.37
.21
.17

8.34
5.90
2.64
1.87
1.32
.93
.76
.59
.42
.24
.19

9.01
6.37
2.85
2.01
1.42
1.01
.82
.64
.45
.26
.20

9.05
6.73
3.01
2.13
1.50
1.06
.87
.67
.47
.27
.21

9.87
6.98
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.27
.22

10.21
7.22
3.27
2.28
1.61
1.14
.93
.72
.51
.29
.22

30

35

50

50

Table G. Standard errors for month-to-monthi change in unemployment rates
Monthlyi unemployment rate (percent)
Monthly base of unemployment rate
(in thousands)
50, .
100.
500 ..
1,000 .
2,000 .
4,000 .
6,000 . .
10,000 .
20,000 .
60,000 . .
100,000 .

1

2

5

10

15

20

2.32
1.64
.73
.52
.37
.26
.21
.16
.12
.07
.05

3.28
2.32
1.04
.73
.52
.37
.30
.23
.16
.09
.07

5.14
3.64
1.63
1.15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.25
.14
.11

7.18
5.08
2.27
1.60
1.13
.80
.65
.50
.35
.19
.14

8.69
6.14
2.74
1.94
1.37
.96
.78
.60
.42
.22
.15

9.90
7.00
3.13
2.21
1.56
1.10
.89
.68
.47
.23
.15

25
10.93
7.12
3.45
2.44
1.72
1.20
.98
.75
.51
.24

11.81
8.35
3.73
2.63
1.85
1.30
1.05
.80
.54
-

12.58
8.89
3.97
2.80
1.97
1.38
1.11

14.48
10.17
4.53
3.19
2.24
1.56

Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-montrichange In percentages for labor force data
Percentage of monthly level
Monthly base of percentages
(in thousands)
50, .
100.
500 . . .
1,000 .
2,000 .
4,000 .
6,000 . .
10,000 .
20,000 .
40,000 .
60,000 .
80,000 . .
100,000 .
160,000

1 or 99

2 or 98

5 or 95

10 or 90

15 or 85

20 or 80

25 or 75

30 or 70

2.14
1.51
.68
.48
.34
.24
.20
.15
.11
.08
.06
.05
.05
.04

3.01
2.13
.95
.67
.48
.34
.28
.21
.15
.11
.09
.08
.07
.05

4.69
3.32
1.48
1.05
.74
.52
.43
.33
.23
.17
.14
.12
.10
.08

6.46
4.57
2.04
1.44
1.02
.72
.59
.46
.32
.23
.19
.16
.14
.11

7.68
5.43
2.43
1.72
1.22
.86
.70
.54
.38
.27
.22
.19
.17
.13

8.61
6.09
2.72
1.92
1.36
.96
.79
.61
.43
.30
.25
.22
.19
.15

9.32
6.59
2.95
2.08
1.47
1.04
.85
.66
.47
.33
.27
.23
.21
.16

9.86
6.97
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.35
.28
.25
.22
.17

NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in
table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specfic characteristic.

162




35 or 65
10.27
7.26
3.25
2.30
1.62
1.15
.94
.73
.51
.36
.30
.26
.23
.18

50

,

10.76
7.61
3.40
2.41
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
.38
.31
.27
.24
.19

Table I. Factors to be used with table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month
change in percentages
Factor

Factor
Characteristic

Characteristic

Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force.
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total
Men only...
Women only
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .
Part-time labor force.

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.26
1.26

1.05
1.50
.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18

1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.01

1.21

.97
.97

1.08
1.21

1.04
1.04

1.13
1.24

Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration of
unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .
Black:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .

Table J. Factors to be used with tables D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages,
and change in yearly averages
Factor
Characteristic

Year-to-year
change of monthly
estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in
yearly
averages

1.30
1.30
1.40

0.89
.83
.74

0.80
.80
.80

0.72
.58
.46

0.70
.70
.70

1.30
1.30
1.40

.88
.82
.74

.88
.88
.88

.67
.57
.46

.70
.70
.60

1.40
1.40

.76
.69

.88
.88

.50
.39

.65
.54

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years).
Part time.
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total or white
Black teenagers (16 to 19 years).
Part time.
Unemployment:
Total . . . .
Part time.




163

Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly levels, to be used with CPS earnings data
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Men

Total

Women

Estimated quarterly level
Part-time
workers

10 .
50 .
75 ..
100 .
150 .
200 .
250 .
300 .
500 .
750 ..
1,000 .
1,500 .
2,000 .
2,500 .
3,000 .
5,000 .
7,500
10,000.
15,000.
20,000 .
25,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
75,000 . .
100,000

164




5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
76
83
107
130
149
180
205
226
224
273
296
331
343

Total or
white
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
85
93
119
145
165
198
224
244
261
286
301
304
255

Total, full-time, or
part-time workers

Total or full-time workers

Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers
Black
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
46
53
63
72
79
85
100
107
102
-

5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
144
187
192
207
219
236
-

Total

White

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
117
140
157
183
199
209
212
201
-

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
116
138
155
179
193
199
198
174

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
29
37
45
50
59
65
69
71
64

Total or
white
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
145
173
195
211
224
242
_

Black
5
11
13
15
19
21
24
26
33
41
46
56
63
69
74
85
_

Establishment Data
(Tables B-1 through C-8)
COLLECTION
Payroll reports provide current information on wage and
salary employment and hours and earnings in nonagricultural establishments, by industry and geographic location.
Historical statistics are published in Employment, Hours, and
Earnings, United States, 1909-84, and Employment, Hours,
and Earnings, States and Areas, 1939-82 and their supplements.

industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Nation and for States and areas are classified in accordance with
the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SICM),
Office of Management and Budget. The BLS tabulates and
estimates statistics which distinguish between private and
public establishments, thus maintaining continuity with previously published statistics for the private and government
sector.

Federal-State cooperation

Industry employment

Under cooperative arrangements, responding establishments report employment, hours, and earnings data to State
agencies. State agencies mail the forms to the establishments
and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the reported data to prepare State
and area series and also send the reported data to the BLS
(Washington Office) for use in preparing the national series. This avoids a duplicate reporting burden on establishments, and, together with the use of similar estimating
techniques at the national and State levels, promotes increased
comparability between estimates.

Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received
pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th
of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the number of persons who occupied positions on the last day of the calendar month.
Intermittent workers are counted if they performed any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid
volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic
workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included.
Government employment covers only civilian employees;
military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central
Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency also
are excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick
leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid
holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the
pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike
during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not
counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on leave
without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who were
hired but have not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of changes in number of employees
on nonagricultural payrolls. These indexes measure the percent of industries which posted increases in employment over
the specified time span. The indexes are calculated from 185
seasonally adjusted employment series (two-digit nonmanufacturing industries and three-digit manufacturing industries) covering all nonagricultural payroll employment in
the private sector. A more detailed discussion of these indexes appears in "Introduction of Diffusion Indexes," in the
December issue of Employment and Earnings.

Shuttle schedules
Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and
Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent each
month so that the next month's data can be entered on the
space allotted for that month. This "shuttle" procedure assures maximum comparability and accuracy of reporting,
since the respondent can see the figures that have been reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of
nonagricultural establishments and, for most industries, employment, payroll, and hours of production and related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay period which includes the 12th of the month.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified
into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume.
Since January 1980, this information is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports
filed by employers. For an establishment making more than
one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the




Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports
of payrolls and hours for production and related workers in
manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private serviceproducing industries.
165

Production and related workers include working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing,
assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling, maintenance,
repair, janitorial, guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant),
recordkeeping, and other services closely associated with the
above production operations.
Construction workers include the following employees in
the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified
craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers,
etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair,
maintenance, etc., whether working at the site of construction or working in shops or yards at jobs (such as precutting
and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the
construction trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not above
the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research
aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, line
installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services are
closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who
received pay for any part of the pay period which includes
the 12th of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union
dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation,
and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless
earned and paid regularly each pay period); other pay not
earned in the pay period reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips;
and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in
kind are excluded. ' 'Fringe benefits" (such as health and
other types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc.,
paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period which
includes the 12th of the month for production, construction,
or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is received
directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production or related workers for which overtime premiums were paid because
the hours were in excess of the number of hours of either
the straight-time workday or the workweek during the pay
period which included the 12th of the month. Weekend and
holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums were
paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates
to the average hours for which pay was received and is differ166




ent from standard or scheduled hours, Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled
hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further
reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate
weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's
aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures for 1977.
For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product
of average weekly hours and production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry
aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum of the component
aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that
portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If
an employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular rates,
receiving as total compensation his or her holiday pay plus
straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime
hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the
same direction from month to month; for example, overtime
premiums may be paid for hours in excess of the straight-time
workday although less than a full week is worked. Diverse
trends at the industry group level also may be caused by a
marked change in hours for a component industry where little
or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current
months. In addition, such factors as work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence
on overtime hours as on average hours.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on
a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such variable
factors as premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and
changes in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They
also reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers'
earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups
and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly
earnings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period
of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of
work or time. The earnings series do not measure the level
of total labor costs on the part of the employer since the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items,
payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by
employers, and earnings for those employees not covered
under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage payments. This series is compiled only for aircraft manu^actur-

ing , SIC 3721. The same concepts and estimation methods
apply to this series as apply to the average hourly earnings
series described above; the one difference between the two
series is definitional. The payroll data used to calculate this
series include lump-sum payments made to production workers in lieu of general wage rate increases; such payments
are excluded from the definition of gross payrolls used to
calculate the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 covered by a
lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data are adjusted
to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum payment. Such
payments are generally made once a year and cover the following 12-month period. In order to spread the payment
across this time period, a prorated portion of the payment
is added to the payroll each month. This prorated portion
is adjusted by an exit rate to reduce the lump-sum amount
to account for persons who received the payment but left before the payment allocation period expired.
Average hourly earnings excluding overtime. Average hourly
earnings, excluding overtime premium pay, are computed
by dividing the total production worker payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours
and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are
made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time
and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are
based on monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of
the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC
group I) who received pay during the month. Average hourly
earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total
hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly
basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average
weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but also
by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time workers,
stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees are not
paid may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-time trends of average weekly earnings can be affected by structural changes in the makeup of the work force.
For example, persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced average workweeks in these
industries and have affected the average weekly earnings
series.




Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are calculated from the earnings averages for the current month using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price Index for
Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W).
ESTIMATING METHODS
The principal features of the procedure used to estimate
employment for the establishment statistics are (1) the use
of the "link relative" technique, which is a form of ratio
estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of employment levels
to new benchmarks; and (3) the use of size and regional
stratification.
The "link relative" technique
From a sample composed of establishments reporting for
both the previous and current months, the ratio of currentmonth employment to that of the previous month is computed. This is called a "link relative." The estimates of employment (all employees, including production and
nonproduction workers together) for the current month are
obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month
by these link relatives. In addition, bias correction factors
are applied to selected employment estimates each month.
The size of the bias correction factors is determined from
past benchmark comparisons. Beginning with data for April
1983, these factors are modified by changes in the sample
link relatives for the most recent quarter. Other features of
the general procedures are described in table L.
Size and regional stratification
A number of industries are stratified by size of establishment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the hours and
earnings for aggregation into broader industry groupings.
Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment,
hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a whole
industry or a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size stratum of a region within an industry.
Benchmark adjustments
Employment estimates are compared periodically with
benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for the
various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate adjustments are made as indicated. The industry estimates are currently projected from March 1986 levels. Normally, benchmark adjustments are made annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are employment data, by industry, compiled quarterly by State agencies from reports of establishments covered under State
unemployment insurance laws. These tabulations cover about
98 percent of employees on nonagricultural payrolls in the
United States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained
167

Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Employment, hours,
and earnings

Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or
region/size cell)

Aggregate industry level (division and,
where stratified, industry)

Monthly data
All employees.

All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by
ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month, for sample establishments
which reported for both months.1

Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells.

All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by
(1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to
all employees in sample establishments for current
month, (2) estimated ratio of women to all employees.2

Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates,
or estimates of women employees, for component cells.

Average weekly hours .

Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by
number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2

Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory
worker employment, of the average weekly hours for
component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours.

Production worker overtime hours divided by number
of production workers.2

Average, weighted by production worker employment, of
the average weekly overtime hours for component cells.

Average hourly earnings .

Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll
divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker
hours.2

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average
hourly earnings for component cells.

Average weekly earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
employees.

Annual average data
All employees, women employees, and
production or nonsupervisory workers .

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Average weekly hours .

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by average
weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment

Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers.

Average weekly overtime hours.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (production
worker employment multiplied by average weekly
overtime hours) divided by annual sum of employment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for production
workers divided by annual sum of employment for
these workers.

Average hourly earnings .

Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by weekly
hours and hourly earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by annual
aggregate hours.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Average weekly earnings.

• The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed
enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly
hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by

168




a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising
mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure
accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and,
at the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest
sample average.

from the records of the Social Security Administration, the
Interstate Commerce Commmission, and a number of other
agencies in private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared with
new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are
necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new benchmark and
the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month
by use of the sample trends. Thus, under this procedure, the
benchmark is used to establish the level of employment; the
sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in
the level. A comparison of the actual amounts of revisions
made at the time of the March 1986 benchmark adjustment
is shown in table M.
Data for all months since the last benchmark to which the
series has been adjusted are subject to revision. Revised data
are published as soon as possible after each benchmark revision.
THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is
known as "sampling proportionate to average size of establishment." This design is an optimum allocation design
among strata since the sampling variance is proportional
to the average size of establishments. Under this type of design, large establishments fall into the sample with certainty.
The size of the sample for the various industries is determined empirically on the basis of experience and of cost
considerations. In a manufacturing industry in which a high
proportion of total employment is concentrated in relatively
few establishments, a larger percent of total employment is
included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for
such industries provides for a complete census of the large
establishments, with only a few chosen from among the
smaller establishments or none at all if the concentration of
employment is great enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is

in small establishments, the sample design calls for inclusion of all large establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones. Many industries in the trade and
services divisions fall into this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by available resources,
it is necessary to design samples for these industries with
a smaller proportion of universe employment than is the case
for most manufacturing industries. Since individual establishments in these nonmanufacturing divisions generally show
less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than
do establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller
samples (in terms of employment) generally produce reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS establishment survey program,
with its emphasis on producing timely data at minimum cost,
a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of
a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide
reasonably reliable estimates that can be published promptly and regularly. The present sample meets these specifications for most industries. With its use, the BLS is able to
produce preliminary estimates each month for many industries and for many geographic levels within a few weeks after the reference period, and, at a somewhat later date,
statistics in considerably greater industrial detail.
Coverage
The BLS sample of establishment employment and payrolls
is the largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social statistics. Table N shows the approximate proportion of
total employment in each industry division covered by the
group of establishments furnishing monthly employment
data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions shown.
Table N. Approximate size and coverage
of BLS employment
and payrolls sample, March 19861

Industry

Total .

Table M. Comparison of nonagricultural employment
benchmarks and estimates for March 1986
Industry

Total.
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale trade .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .
Services . . .
Government .
1

Less than 0.05 percent.




Benchmark

Estimate

Percent
difference

98,150

98,617

-0.5

832
4,415
18,945

842
4,441
19,148

-1.2
-.6
-1.1

5,200
5,695
17,327

5,215
5,803
17,418

-.3
-1.9
-.5

6,140
22,650
16,946

6,144
22,593
17,013

-.1
.3
-.4

Mining
Construction .
Manufacturing
Transportaion and public utilities
Wholesale trade.
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services . . . .
Government:
Federal2 ,
State .
Local.

Number
of establishments
in sample

Employees
Number
reported

Percent of
total

249,800 37,762,000

38

3,700
319,000
840.00Q
23,100
51,100 10,018,000
11,600 2,380,000
978,000
21,900
42,900 3,352,000

38
19
53
46
17
19

17,700
53,300

2,135,000
5,362,000

35
24

5,000
4,800
14,700

2,908,000
3,194,000
6,276,000

100
80
62

1
Since a few establishments do not report payroll and hours information, hours
and earnings estimates may be based on a slightly smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
National estimates of Federal employment by agency are provided to BLS
by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal employment, are
based on a sample of 5,000 reports covering about 62 percent of employment
in Federal establishments.

169

Reliability
Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment
sample assures a high degree of accuracy, the estimates derived from it may differ from the figures that would be obtained if it were possible to take a complete census using the
same schedules and procedures. As discussed under the
previous section, a link relative technique is used to estimate
employment. This requires the use of the previous month's
estimate as the base in computing the current month's estimate. Thus, small sampling and response errors may accumulate over several months. To remove this accumulated
error, the estimates are usually adjusted annually to new
benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and
response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts the estimates
for changes in the industrial classification of individual establishments (resulting from changes in their product which
are not reflected in the levels of estimates until the data are
adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed
industry levels, particularly within manufacturing, changes
in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments. Another cause of differences arises from improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O presents
the average percent revisions of the five most recent benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed descriptions of
individual benchmark revisions are available from the Bureau
upon request.
The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating cells
are not subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader groupings may be affected slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings estimates, however,
are subject to sampling errors, which may be expressed as
Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment
estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)

Industry

Average
Relative
benchmark
revision in
estimates Average
of employ- weekly
hours
ment1

Average
hourly
earnings

0.2

Total .

. .

.3
2.7
1.2
.7
.8
.7
.4
.7
1.0
.2
.2
.4

0.1
1.0
.2
.1
.1
.1
.7
C\J

Total private.
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods . . . .
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services . . .
Government3

error2

.2
.2
.4
-

0.2
1.3
.5
.2
.3
.2
.6
.4
.4
.4
.6
-

• The average percent revision in employment for the 1982-86 benchmarks.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
Estimates for government are based on a total count for Federal Government provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a sample of State
and local government reports.
2

relative errors of the estimate. (A relative error is a standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate.) Relative
errors for major industries are presented in table O and for
individual industries with the specified number of employees
in table P. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours
and earnings estimates from the sample would differ by a
smaller percentage than the relative error from the averages
that would have been obtained from a complete census.
One measure of the reliability of the employment estimates
for individual industries is the root-mean-square error
(RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for
the bias in estimates:
RMSE =

V(standard deviation)2

(bias)2

If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that an
estimate from the sample would differ from its benchmark
by less than the root-mean-square error. The chances are
about 19 out of 20 that the difference would be less than twice
the root-mean-square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based on
the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences between
final estimates and benchmarks are presented in table P.
For the two most recent months, estimates of employment,
hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so footnoted in
the tables. These figures are based on less than the total sample and are revised when all the reports in the sample have
been received. Table Q presents root-mean-square errors of
the amounts of revisions that may be expected between the
preliminary and final levels of employment and preliminary
and final month-to-month changes. Revisions of preliminary
hours and earnings estimates are normally not greater than
0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1 cent for hourly
earnings.

STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
State and area employment, hours, and earnings data are
collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation
with BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan areas.
Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings

Size of employment estimate

50,000
100,000 .
200,000 .
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000

Relative error2
(in percent)

Rootmeansquare
error of
employment
estimates1

Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

2,100
3,900
5,600
14,000
15,000
26,000

2.2
1.3
1.1
.9
.8
.5

4.0
2.3
2.0
1.6
1.2
.9

3

170




1
2

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

Definitions for all areas are published each year in the issue
of Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in definitions are noted at they occur. Additional industry detail may
be obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back
cover of each issue. These statistics are based on the same

estblishment reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates. For employment, the sum of the State figures may
differ slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a
national basis, because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification.

Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Root-mean-square error
of—

Root-mean-square error
ofIndustry

Monthly
level
110,800

104,900

Total private .

67,400

61,600

Goods producing.

29,300

24,100

5,300
4,200

5,100
4,100

Construction
General building contractors.

18,100
6,500

14,000
4,900

Manufacturing .

22,800

22,800

18,500
3,100
2,000
2,200
6,100

17,500
2,600
1,800
2,100
5,900

4,900
3,300
7,200
5,600
9,200
8,100
2,100
2,000

4,600
2,900
6,400
6,000
8,800
8,600
2,200
2,000

9,900
6,300
1,700
2,200

9,500
6,400
1,600
2,300

6,300
1,500
2,200

5,600
1,300
2,100

Total .
1

Mining
Oil and gas extraction .

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products .
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic
steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical . . . .
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment.
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing. . .
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products.
Tobacco manufactures .
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile
products
Paper and allied products .
Printing and publishing .

Industry

Month-to-month
change

Nondurable goods—Continued
Chemicals and allied products . .
Petroleum and coal products . .
Rubber and misc. plastics
products
Leather and leather products . .

Monthly
level

Month-to-month
change

2,400
1,300

2,300
1,300

2,100
2,300

2,000
2,200

100,500

98,400

15,700
18,200

13,800
17,400

6,600

6,200

9,000
5,800
5,300

8,000
5,100
4,500

37,500
20,700
6,400

34,600
18,700
5,800

3,200
17,600

3,000
15,200

8,400
4,500
3,000
4,800

7,400
3,800
2,300
4,100

Services
Business services.
Health services.

33,200
12,200
10,600

30,500
10,800
10,400

Government.
Federal.
State.
Local .

73,700
17,400
24,600
35,200

68,400
11,300
23,000
32,800

Service-producing industries.
Transportation and public utilities . .
Transportation
Communication and public
utilities.
Wholesale trade
Durable g o o d s . . . .
Nondurable goods.
Retail trade
General merchandise stores .
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service
stations
Eating and drinking places .
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance . .
Insurance
Real estate.

NOTE: Data are based on differences from December 1981 through December 1986.




171

Productivity Data
(Tables C-9 through C-11)
COLLECTION
Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics from establishment data and from estimates of compensation and gross national product supplied by the U.S.
Department of Commerce and the Federal Reserve Board.
CONCEPTS
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments refer to hours paid for all employeesproduction workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried
workers.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final goods
and services produced in a given period. Indexes of output
per hour of all persons measure changes in the volume of
goods and services produced per paid hour of labor input.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance
and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate
of wages, salaries, and supplementary payments for the selfemployed, except for nonfinancial corporations, in which
there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per hour adjusted to eliminate the effect of changes in the Consumer
Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost required to produce one unit of output and are derived by dividing compensation per hour by output per hour.
Unit nonlaborpayments include profits, depreciation, interest, and indirect taxes per unit of output. They are com-

puted by subtracting compensation of all persons from the
current-dollar gross national product and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor payments except unit profits.
Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory valuation adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the
current-dollar estimate of gross product by the constant-dollar
estimate, making the deflator, in effect, a price index for
gross product of the sector reported.
NOTES ON THE DATA
For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector,
these indexes relate to the gross domestic product less households and institutions, owner-occupied housing, and the
statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic product of nonfinancial corporate business.
Manufacturing output data are supplied by the Bureau of
Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, and the
Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to annual estimates
of output (gross product originating) from the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Compensation and hours data are from the
Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81, BLS
Bulletin 2178. Additional information may be obtained from
the Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523-9261).

State and Area Labor Force Data
(D table)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor
market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under Federal assistance programs are developed by State employment
security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative program.
The local unemployment estimates which are derived from
standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis of
determining eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal
programs such as the Job Training Partnership Act and the
Public Works and Economic Development Act.
Annual average data for the States and areas shown in table D are published in Employment and Earnings (usually the
May issue). For regions, States, selected metropolitan areas,
and central cities, annual average data classified by selected
demographic, social, and economic characteristics are
172



published in the BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force and unemployment estimates for counties, cities, and other small areas have been prepared for administration of various Federal economic assistance programs and
may be ordered from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. The
report " Employment and Unemployment in States and Local Areas" is published monthly through GPO and is available on microfiche only on a subscription basis.
ESTIMATING METHODS
The civilian labor force and unemployment estimates in
11 large States: New York, California, Illinois, Ohio, New
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Texas, Massachusetts,

North Carolina, and Florida; and two areas: Los AngelesLong Beach metropolitan area and New York City, are sufficiently reliable to be used directly from the CPS. For a
description of the CPS concepts, see ''Household Data,"
above.
Monthly labor force and unemployment estimates in the
remaining 39 States, the District of Columbia, and over 2,600
labor market areas are prepared in several stages. The civilian
labor force is the sum of the employment and unemployment
levels, which are estimated in accordance with the BLS
Manual for Developing Local Area Unemployment Statistics.
1. Preliminary estimate—employment: The total civilian employment estimate is based on data from the survey of establishments which produces an estimate of payroll
employment. This place-of-work estimate must be adjusted
to refer to place of residence as used in the CPS. Factors for
adjusting from place of work to place of residence have been
developed for the several categories of employment on the
basis of employment relationships which existed at the time
of the 1980 decennial census. These factors are applied to
the payroll employment estimates for the current period to
obtain adjusted employment estimates to which are added
estimates for employment not covered by unemployment insurance (ui).
2. Preliminary estimate—unemployment: In the current
month, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the
estimates for each of three categories: (1) Persons who were
previously employed in industries covered by State ui laws;
(2) those previously employed in industries not covered by
these laws; and (3) those who were entering the civilian labor
force for the first time or reentering after a period of separation. This is referred to below as the ui-based estimate.
An estimate for those previously employed in covered industries is derived from a count of current employment insurance claimants, plus estimates of claimants whose benefits
have been exhausted, those persons disqualified from receiving benefits for nonmonetary reasons (because they quit, were
discharged for cause, etc., but would otherwise have been
eligible), and persons who either filed claims late or not at all.
The estimate of those previously employed in industries
not covered by UI is derived by applying to the employment
estimate for each noncovered industry or class of worker subgroup in the State, the ratio of covered unemployment to covered employment weighted by factors reflecting national
historical relationships.
For the third category, new entrants and reentrants into
the labor force, a composite estimate is developed from equations that relate the total entrants into the labor force to the
experienced unemployed and the experienced labor force.
For each month, the estimate of entrants into the labor force
is a function of: (a) the month of the year; (b) the level of




the experienced unemployed; (c) the level of the experienced
labor force; and (d) the proportion of the working age population that is considered *'youth."
3. Monthly reconciliation with the CPS. Each month correction factors for employment and unemployment are applied
at the State level to the ui-based estimates obtained above
for each of the 39 States and the District of Columbia. These
correction factors are based on the ratio of the CPS to the
ui-based estimates for the 6-month period ending in the current month (e.g., a 6-month moving average). The adjustment is necessary because the State-prepared estimates are
not as reliable as the CPS data due to differences in the State
UI laws, the structural limitations of the Ui-based estimating method, and errors in the UI data.
4. Substate adjustment for additivity. Independent estimates
of employment and unemployment are prepared for the State
(obtained directly from the CPS in the 11 large States or by
the ui-based method in the remaining States), and labor market areas (LMA's) within the State. The total of the geographic areas in the LMA's exhausts the geographic boundaries of
the State. A proportional adjustment is applied to all substate LMA estimates to ensure that the sub-State estimates of
employment and unemployment add to the independent State
totals. In California and New York, which also have subState areas taken directly from the CPS, the additivity adjustment for the remaining areas is applied to the State total
minus the direct CPS area.
5. Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year,
monthly estimates prepared by the State employment security agencies using ui-based estimating procedures are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the annual average CPS
estimates for the 39 States and the District of Columbia for
which monthly CPS estimates are not used directly. This adjustment is made because the State-prepared monthly estimates are not as reliable as the CPS annual averages due to
the limitations of the 6-month moving averge adjustment
procedure. Revisions to the inputs used in the Ui-based estimates are also made at the time of the annual benchmark.
The State wide benchmarked estimates are produced in
three stages. First the monthly Ui-based estimates are adjusted by the ratio of the CPS to the ui-based annual averages.
Second, the difference between the ratio of annual averages
for two consecutive years is wedged into the monthly estimates in order to minimize the disturbance to the original
series. Finally, the third-stage estimates are forced into agreement with CPS annual averages. In the 11 States for which
CPS estimates are used monthly, no benchmark correction
is required, as the average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates will equal CPS annual averages.

173

Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather,
reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays,
and the opening and closing of schools. Because these
seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each
year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated
by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical and other
nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating changes
in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note that
seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past
experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a broader
margin of possible error than the original data on which they
are based, since they are subject not only to sampling and
other errors but are also affected by the uncertainties of the
seasonal adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and establishment-based data are
published regularly in Employment and Earnings.
The seasonal adjustment program used for these series is
an adaptation of the standard ratio-to-moving-average
method. It provides for "moving" adjustment factors to take
account of changing seasonal patterns. A detailed description of the method is given in The X-ll Variant of the Census Method II Seasonal Adjustment Program, Technical
Paper No. 15, Bureau of the Census (1967).
Beginning in January 1980, BLS introduced two major
modifications in the seasonal adjustment methodology for
data from the household survey. First, the data are being
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X - l l ARIMA,
which was developed at Statistics Canada as an extension
of the existing standard X - l l method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal
Adjustment Method, by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E, January 1983. The X - l l procedure was originally developed at the Bureau of the Census
and had been used by the BLS to seasonally adjust labor force
series since 1973. Tests have shown that use of the X - l l
ARIMA procedure, which places more emphasis on recent
data, provides better seasonal adjustments than does the X-l 1
method alone.
The second change is that seasonal adjustment factors are
calculated for use during the first 6 months of the year rather
than for the entire year. In July of each year, BLS calculates
and publishes in Employment and Earnings a set of seasonal
adjustment factors for use in the second half, based on the
experience through June. Revisions of historical data for the
most recent 5 years are made at the beginning of each calendar year. However, as a result of the revisions to the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980 census population counts,
revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982 were
carried back to 1970.

174




All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For
example, for each of the three major labor force
components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural employment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age groups
(men and women under and over 20 years of age) are
separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then added to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted civilian employment components, plus
the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components;
the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment
by the estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent seasonal adjustment of various series, components will
not necessarily add to totals.
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor force
series based on the experience through December, new
seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate the civilian
unemployment rate for the first 6 months of the following
year, and a description of the current seasonal adjustment
methodology are published in each January issue of Employment and Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the revision period for a broader range of labor force
series are published in the February issue of this publication.
Beginning in July 1980, the BLS also uses the X - l l ARIMA
methodology in seasonally adjusting the establishment data,
which previously had been computed using the BLS Seasonal
Factor Method. All series are seasonally adjusted using the
multiplicative models under X - l l ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors used in calculating the current year's estimates
are based on actual data through March 1987 and projected
data through March 1988. The ARIMA model options for
projecting the data series for 1 year ahead have been used
in seasonally adjusting the establishment series since June
1981.
Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to the component levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for most of these
series are then obtained by taking a weighted average of the
seasonally adjusted data for the component series. Seasonally
adjusted average weekly earnings are the product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and seasonally adjusted
average weekly hours.
Average weekly earnings in constant dollars, seasonally
adjusted, are obtained by dividing average weekly earnings,
seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer
Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
(CPl-w), and multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying
average weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, by production

or nonsupervisory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the 1977 base. For total private, total goodsproducing, total private service-producing, wholesale trade,
retail trade, manufacturing, and durable and nondurable
goods industries, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by summing the aggregate
weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the 1977 base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number
of series characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These
failed or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series are used
in the aggregation to broader level seasonally adjusted series, however.
Beginning in June 1983, seasonal adjustment factors for
Federal Government employment are derived from unadjust-




ed data which include Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal Service. In earlier years the number
of these workers was substantial, and at times varied greatly from year to year, based on administrative decisions of
the Postal Service. Hence, it was considered desirable to exclude this group from the unadjusted data upon which the
seasonal adjustment factors were based. In the past several
years, the number of these workers has decreased to the point
where their presence has no impact on seasonal adjustment.
Temporary census takers for the 1980 decennial census are
removed prior to the calculation of seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government employment.
The revised seasonally adjusted series for the establishment data reflect experience through March 1987. Seasonal
adjustment factors to be used for current adjustment appear
in the June 1987 issue of Employment and Earnings.

175

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
REGION I - BOSTON
John Fitzgerald Kennedy Federal Building
Suite 1603
Boston, MA 02203

REGION V - CHICAGO
9th Floor
230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604

REGION II - NEW YORK
Suite 3400
1515 Broadway
New York, NY 10036

REGION VI - DALLAS
Room 221
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, TX 75202

REGION III - PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, PA 19101

REGIONS VII and VIII - KANSAS CITY
15th Floor
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, MO 64106

REGION IV - ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street, NE.
Atlanta, GA 30367

REGIONS IX and X - SAN FRANCISCO
71 Stevenson Street
P.O. Box 3766
San Francisco, CA 94119

COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES
Current Employment Statistics Program (CES), and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program
(LAVS)
BLS
Region
IV
X
IX
VI
IX
VIII
I
III
III

ALABAMA
ALASKA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
DIST. OF COL.

IV FLORIDA
IV
IX
X
V
V
VII
VII
IV
VI
I
III
I
V
V
IV
VII
VIII
VII
IX
I
II
VI
II
IV
VIII
V
VI

GEORGIA
HAWAII
IDAHO
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA

X OREGON
III PENNSYLVANIA
II PUERTO RICO
I
IV
VIII
IV
VI
VIII
I
III
II
X
III

RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VERMONT
VIRGINIA
VIRGIN ISLANDS
WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA

V WISCONSIN
VIII WYOMING




-Research and Statistics Div., Depart, of Industrial Relations, Industrial Relations Building, Room 427, Montgomery 36130
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-Research and Statistics Division, Employment Security Commission, 7310 Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
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-Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor, State Campus, Building 12, Albany 12240
-Labor Market Information Division, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 25903, Raleigh 27611
-Job Service, P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck.58502
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Oklahoma City 73105
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Hato Rey 00918 (CES). Bureau of Employment Security, 505 Munoz Rivera Ave., 15th Fl., Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
-Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason Street, Providence 02903
-Employment Security Commission, P. O. Box 995, Columbia 29202
-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 1730, Aberdeen 57401
-Department of Employment Security, Cordell Hull Office Building, Room 519, Nashville 37219
-Employment Commission, 15th and Congress Avenue, Austin 78778
-Department of Employment Security, P.O. Box 11249, Salt Lake City 84147
-Department of Employment and Training, P.O. Box 488, Montjfelier, ©5602
-Division of Research and Analysis, Employment Commission, P.O. Box 1358, Richmond 23211
-Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 818, St. Thomas 00801
-Employment Security Department, 212 Maple Park, Olympia 98504
-Division of Labor and Economic Security, Depart, of Employment Security, 112 California Avenue,
Charleston 25305
-Department of Industry, Labor, and Human Relations, P.O. Box 7944, Madison 53707
-Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 2760, Casper 82602