Full text of Employment and Earnings : October 1982

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Employment and Earnings
October 1982
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics




U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Raymond J. Donovan, Secretary

Calendar of Features
In addition to the monthly data appearing
regularly in Employment and Earnings
special features appear in most of the
issues as shown below:

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
Employment and Earnings is prepared by the
Division of Monthly Industry Employment
Statistics and the Division of Employment and
Unemployment Analysis in collaboration with
the Division of Special Publications. The data
are collected by the Bureau of the Census
(Department of Commerce), State Employment
Security Agencies, and State Departments of
Labor in cooperation with the Bureau of Labor
Statistics. A brief description of the cooperative statistical programs of the BLS with
these agencies is presented in the Explanatory Notes. The State agencies are listed
on the inside back cover.
Employment
and Earnings may be ordered
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text and Household
Data should be addressed to: Attention of Gloria P. Green, or
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on circulation and subscription matters (including address changes) to the Superintendent of Documents.

Household data
Annual averages

Jan.

Revised seasonally adjusted series

Feb.

Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted
data, persons not in labor force, persons
of Hispanic origin, Vietnam-era veterans
and nonveterans, poverty-nonpoverty area
data, family relationship data, weekly
earnings data

Establishment data
National annual averages:
Industry divisions (preliminary)

Jan.

Industry detail (final)

Mar.

Women employment detail (final)

Mar.

National data adjusted to new benchmarks
Revised historical national data
adjusted to new benchmarks
Revised seasonally adjusted series

Material in this publication is in the public
domain and may, with appropriate credit, be
reproduced without permission.
Library of Congress Catalog Number 70-11379.
Employment and Earnings (Dept.
Pub.) (USPS 081-990)




of

Labor

June1
Supplement2

June3

State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

May

State and area unemployment data
Annual averages

The Secretary of Labor has determined that
publication of this periodical is necessary
in the transaction of the public business required by law of this Department. Use of funds
for printing this periodical has been approved
by the Director of the Office of Management
and Budget through July 1, 1985. Second-class
postage paid at Laurel, Md.

Jan., Apr.,
July, Oct.

June

1
The issue that introduces new benchmark varies. The June 1982 issue introduced
March 1981 benchmarks.
3
Month of publication of annual supplement varies. The latest supplement was
published in June 1982.
3
Issue varies. Latest revised data introduced June 1982.

Employment and Earnings
Vol. 29 No. 10 October 1982
Editors: Gloria P. Green, Gloria P. Goings, Rosalie K. Epstein

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Employment and unemployment developments, September 1982
Statistical tables:
Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Quarterly averages
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
State and area unemployment data
Seasonally adjusted s e r i e s Household data
Quarterly averages
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
Productivity
Explanatory notes




2
5

9
46
67
99
129
31
38
84
119
121
135

MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page
Employment Status
AAAAAAA-

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

A- 8.
A- 9.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1947 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1972 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race
Labor force by sex, age, and race
Employment status of black workers by sex and age
Employment status of the noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 to 21 years of age by major activity,
sex, and race
Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, and race
Employment status of the noninstitutional population by family relationship

7
g
9
\\
13
14
15
16
17

Characteristics off the Unemployed
A-10.
A-l 1.
A-12.
A-l3.
A-14.
A-15.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.

Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment

17
18
18
19
19
20
20
21
21
22

Characteristics of the Employed
A-20.
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.

Employed persons by industry, age, and sex
Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
Employed persons by age, sex, and class of worker
Employed persons by industry and occupation
Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
Persons at work by hours of work and industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours and usual status
Nonagricultural workers by industry and full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or
part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status

22
23
24
25
25
26
26
27
27
28
29

Characteristics of 14- and 15-year-olds
A-31.
A-32.

Employment status of 14- and 15-year-olds by sex and race
Employed 14- and 15-year-olds by class of worker, occupation, and sex

30
30

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.
A-42.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex and age,
seasonally adjusted
Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force, seasonally adjusted
Employment status by race, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted

31
32
32
33
33
34
34
35
35
36

Characteristics of Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans
A-43.
2




Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age

37

QUARTERLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page
Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-44.
A-45.
A-46.
A-47.
A-48.
A-49.
A-50.
A-51.
A-52.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race, seasonally adjusted
Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employment status by race, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted

38
39
40
41
42
42
43
43
44

Persons Not in Labor Force
A-53.
A-54.
A-55.
A-56.
A-57.
A-58.

Persons not in labor force by reason, sex, and race, seasonally adjusted
Persons not in labor force by reason, sex, and age
Persons not in labor force by reason, race, age, and sex
Persons not in labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by reason, sex, age,
and race
Most recent work experience of persons not in labor force and reason for leaving last job for
those who worked during the previous 12 months by sex, age, and race
Work-seeking intentions of persons not in labor force and work history of those who intend to
seek work within the next 12 months by sex, age, and race

45
46
47
47
48
48

Race and Hispanic Origin Data
A-59.
A-60.
A-61.
A-62.
A-63.
A-64.
A-65.
A-66.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by sex and age
Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and economic
categories
Employed persons by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin

49
50
51
52
53
53
54
54

Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans Data
A-67.
A-68.

Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic
origin

55

55

Metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and Poverty-nonpoverty Area Data
A-69.
A-70.
A-71.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan
areas by sex, age, and race
Employment status of the noninstitutional population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race
Unemployment rates in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race, sex, and age

56
57
57

Family Relationship and Weekly Earnings Data
A-72.
A-73.
A-74.
A-75.
A-76.
A-77.
A-78.
A-79.




Unemployment in families by type of family, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Unemployed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed
family members
Employed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of additional
employed family members
Median weekly earnings of families by type of family, number of earners, race, and Hispanic
origin
Families with unemployed members and wage and salary workers by type of family and median
weekly earnings
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex

58
59
60
61
62
53
54
55

MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Page
Employment—National
BBBBBBB-

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry division, 1930 to date
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased

67
68
77
84
85
86
87

Employment—State and Area
B- 8.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division

88

Hours and Earnings—National
C- 1.
C- 2.
C- 3.
C- 4.
C- 5.
C- 6.
C- 7.
C- 8.
C- 9.
C-10.
C-ll.

Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by industry division, 1961 to date
Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by industry
Average hourly earnings excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by
industry
Gross average weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls, in current and constant (1977) dollars
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonagricultural payrolls
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted . . . .
Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by industry division
Indexes of output and compensation per hour, unit costs, and prices, private business sector,
seasonally adjusted
Percent changes from preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, private business sector, seasonally adjusted at annual rate

99
100
116
116
117
119
120
121
121
122
123

Hours and Earnings—State and Area
C-12.

Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls by State and
selected areas

124

MONTHLY STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
D- 1.

4



Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas

129

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, September 1982

The Nation's unemployment rate rose to 10.1 percent
in September, and the number of jobs in
nonagricultural establishments declined, after seasonal
adjustment. The unemployment rate was 9.8 percent in
August. Since the pre-recession peak of July 1981, the
overall rate has risen by 2.9 percentage points.
Total employment—as measured by the monthly
survey of households—was about unchanged in
September at 99.7 million. Nonfarm payroll
employment—as measured by the monthly survey of
establishments—dropped by 230,000 to 89.0 million.
Employment declines continued in the manufacturing
sector, and the factory workweek was down four-tenths
of an hour.
Unemployment
After seasonal adjustment, unemployment rose by
450,000 in September to 11.3 million, and the overall
unemployment rate rose three-tenths of a point to 10.1
percent. Adult men—especially those over 25 years of
age—accounted for nearly all of the September increase
in unemployment. Their unemployment usually declines
at this time of year, but did not do so this September.
After seasonal adjustment, the jobless rate for men 20
and over rose to 9.6 percent. Unemployment rates for
adult women and teenagers were about unchanged at
8.3 percent and 23.7 percent, respectively. The increase
in unemployment was reflected in the jobless rates of
both white (9.0 percent) and black (20.2 percent)
workers, whereas the incidence of joblessness among
Hispanics was unchanged at 14.6 percent. (See tables
A-33 and A-35.)
Joblessness among blue-collar workers was up 1.4
points to 15.6 percent, while unemployment among
white-collar (4.8 percent) and service workers (10.7 per­
cent) was unchanged over the month. Among the major
industry groups, unemployment rates for construction
and manufacturing workers rose to 22.6 percent and
13.8 percent, respectively. (See table A-36.)
The number of unemployed persons seeking work for
15 weeks or longer was up in September, with the in­
crease concentrated among those out of work for more
than 6 months. Both the mean and median duration of
unemployment rose, the mean to 16.6 weeks and the
median to 9.5 weeks. (See table A-37.)




In addition to the increase in joblessness in
September, there was also a large increase after seasonal
adjustment in the number of nonagricultural workers
on part-time schedules for economic reasons; their
number was up 950,000 over the month to a record 6.6
million. These are workers whose hours were cut back
or could only find part-time jobs. (See table A-42.)
The labor force and total employment
The civilian labor force grew by 340,000 in September
to 111.0 million, seasonally adjusted. Virtually all of
this increase took place among adult men. Adult
women, however, have accounted for the largest share
of the 2.3 million increase in the labor force over the
past year—1.7 million. Over this same period, the
number of adult men in the labor force has increased by
more than 900,000, while the number of teenagers has
dropped by over 300,000. (See table A-33.)
Employment was about unchanged in September at
99.7 million, seasonally adjusted. Since the prerecession peak in July 1981, total employment has drop­
ped by 1.1 million, with adult men accounting for vir­
tually the entire decline. The proportion of the popula­
tion employed, at 57.0 percent in September, has declin­
ed by 1.5 percentage points over the same period.
Discouraged workers
The number of discouraged workers (persons who
report that they want to work but are not looking for
jobs because they believe they could not find any) rose
for the fifth consecutive quarter, reaching 1.6 million in
the third quarter of 1982. All of the third quarter in­
crease (120,000) was among women. Three-fourths of
all discouraged workers were not seeking work because
of job-market factors. (See table A-53.)
Industry payroll employment
Nonagricultural payroll employment, at 89.0 million
in September, was down 230,000 over the month after
seasonal adjustment and has fallen by nearly 2.4 million
since July 1981. Over-the-month reductions were con­
centrated in the durable goods manufacturing in­
dustries, which lost 80,000 jobs; retail trade, down
45,000; and State and local government, which declined
by 90,000. (See table B-4.)
5

Among the durable goods industries, transportation
equipment employment decreased for the second month
in a row, dropping by 30,000 in September and 70,000
since August. Machinery also continued to decline, los­
ing an additional 20,000 jobs over the month, while
primary and fabricated metals jobs were down by
smaller margins. There was little movement among the
individual nondurable goods industries. Overall,
manufacturing employment was down by 85,000 over
the month and has declined by 1.8 million since July
1981. Employment was about unchanged over the
month in mining and construction.
Employment in the service-producing sector, which
had shown some strength early in the recession, declined
by 140,000 in September and was down more than
400,000 from last May. The over-the-month drop was
due entirely to the job losses in trade and State and local
government. Most of the seasonally adjusted decline in
State and local government resulted from the fact that
September hiring in schools was less than usual for this
time of year, as school systems continued to adjust to
smaller enrollments and tighter budgets; a small part of
the decline was due to teacher strikes.
Hours of work
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls was
34.8 hours in September, seasonally adjusted, about the
level that has generally prevailed since last September.
The factory workweek, however, fell 0.4 hour over the
month to 38.6 hours, which was below the 1973-75

6



recession low. Factory overtime was down 0.1 hour to
2.3 hours in September. (See table C-6.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or
nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls
declined 0.3 percent in September to 103.8 (1977 = 100).
The manufacturing index was down 1.4 percent over the
month to 85.2 and has fallen more than 12 percent over
the past year. (See table C-7.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly and weekly earnings both fell 0.1 per­
cent in September, after seasonal adjustment. Before
adjustment for seasonality, average hourly earnings
were up 7 cents to $7.76, 36 cents above the year-earlier
level. Average weekly earnings, at $270.05, were down
64 cents over the month but rose by $10.31 over the
year. (See tables C-l and C-8.)
The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 149.9
(1977= 100) in September, seasonally adjusted, 0.1 per­
cent higher than in August. For the 12 months ended in
September, the increase (before seasonal adjustment)
was 6.0 percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two
types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate
movements—fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing
and interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of cons­
tant purchasing power, the HEI increased 0.8 percent
during the 12-month period ended in August. (See table
C-8.)

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employmtnt status of the noninstltutlonal population 16 years and ovtfr, 1947 to date
(Numbers In thousands)
Civilian labor forot
Total labor forot
Employed

Total
noninstitutional
Total

tion

of
popula­
tion

103,418
104,527
105,611
106,645
107,721
108,823
110,601
111,671
112,732
113,811
115,065
116,363
117,881
119,759
121,343
122,981
125,154
127,224
129,236
131,180
133,319
135,562
137,841
140,272
143,033
146,574
149,423
152,349
155,333
158,294
161,166
164,027
166,951
169,848
172,272

60,941
62,080
62,903
63,858
65,117
65,730
66,560
66,993
68,C72
69,409
69,729
70,275
70,921
72,142
73,031
73,442
74,571
75.830
77,178
78.893
80,793
82.272
64,240
65,959
87,198
89,484
91,756
S4.179
55,955
98,302
101,142
104,368
107,050
109,042
110,812

58.9
59.4
59.6
59.9
60.4
60.4
60.2
60.0
60.4
61.0
60.6
60-4
60.2
60.2
60.2
59.7
59,-6
59.6
59.7
60.1
60.6
60.7
61.1
61.3
61,-0
61.1
61.4
61.8
61.8
62.1
62.8
63,6
64.1
64.2
64.3

59.350
60,621
61,286
62,208
62,017
62,138
63,015
63,643
65,023
66,552
66,929
67.639
68.369
69,628
70.459
70.614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80.734
82,771
84.382
87.034
89.429
91.949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102.251
104.962
106,940
108,670

57.038
58,343
57,651
58,918
59,961
60,250
61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64.071
63.036
64,630
65,778
65.746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902
78,678
79,367
82.153
85.064
86.794
85,846
88.752
92,017
96.048
98.824
99.303
100.397

7.890
7.629
7.658
7,160
6.726
6.500
6.260
6,205
6,450
6,283
5,947
5.586
5,565
5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3.844
3.817
3,606
3,463
3.394
3.484
3.470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347
3,364
3,368

49,148
50,714
49,993
51,758
53,235
53.749
54.919
53.904
55.722
57,514
58.123
57.450
59.065
60,318
60,546
61.759
63.076
64.782
66.726
68,915
70,527
72.103
74,296
75,215
75,972
78,669
81.594
83.279
82.438
85.421
88.734
92.661
95.477
95.938
97.030

2.311
2.276
3.637
3.288
2.055
1.883
1,834
3,532
2.852
2.750
2,859
4,602
3,740
3,852
4,714
3,911
4.070
3.786
3.366
2.875
2.975
2,817
2,832
4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7.406
6.991
6.202
6.137
7,637
8,273

3.9
3.8
5.9
5.3
3.3
3.0
2.9
5.5
4.4
4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5
5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5
4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8
7.1
7.6

172,758
172,966
173,155
173,330

110,659
111.170
111.430
111.348

64.1
64.3
64.4
64.2

108.494
109.012
109,272
109,184

100.258
100.343
100,172
99.613

3,358
3,378
3,372
3.209

96.900
96.965
96.800
96,404

8.236
8.669
9,100
9,571

7.6
8.0
8.3
8.8

173,495
173,657
173,843
174,020
174,201
174,364
174,544
174,707
174,889

111,038
111,333
111,521
111.624
112.841
112.364
112.702
112,640
113.178

64.0
64.1
64.2
64.3
64.8
64.4
64.6
64.6
64.7

108,879
109.165
109.346
109.648
110.666
110,191
110,522
110,644
110,980

99.581
99.590
99.492
99,340
100.117
99.764
99,732
99,839
99,720

3.411
3.373
3.349
3.309
3.488
3.357
3.460
3,435
3,368

96,170
96,217
96,144
96,032
96.629
96.406
96.272
96.404
96.352

9,298
9,575
9,854
10,307
10,549
10.427
10.790
10.805
11.260

8.5
8.8
9.
9,
9.
9.
9.
9.
10.

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, tee "Historic Comparability" under
Household Dtta section of Explanatory Notes.




of
labor
forot

Total

* Because seasonality, by definition, does not exist In population figures, data for "total r
stitutional population" are not seasonally adjusted.

7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the nonlnstltutlonal population 16 years and over by sex, 1972 to date
(Numbers In thousands)
Civilian labor foree

Total labor foros
Sex,

Total

yaer.

nonlnstitutfonal
popula­
tion

and

MALES

|

Not In
Number

Percent
of
popula­
tion

Total
Total

1972
1973 1
1974
1976
1976
1077
1078 1
.1979
1980
1981

Agri­
culture

labor
foree

Number

Pereent
of
labor
foros

49,502
50.105
49.032
50,394
52.057
53 , 761
54.921
54,477
54.697

2,659
2,275
2,714
4,442
4,036
3,667
3,142
3,120
4,267
4,577

5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1
6.9
7.4

14,280
14,667
15,069
15,993
16,585
16,797
16,956
17,293
17,945
18,537

Nonagricultural
indus­
tries

Annual averages

I

1

Unemployed

Employed

70,241
71,567
72,971
74,383
75,798
77,211
78,569
79,968
81,341
82,476

55,961
56,900
57,902
58,390
59,212
60,414
61,613
62,676
63,396
63,939

79.7
79.5
79.3
78.5
78.1
78.2
78.4
78.4
77.9
77.5

53,555
54,624
55,739
56,299
57,174
58,396
59,620
60,726
61,453
61,974

50,896
52,349
53,024
51,857
53,138
54,728
56,479
57,607
57,186
57,397

2,849
2,847
2,919
2,824
2,744
2,671
2,718
2,686
2,709
2,700

48,047

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted3

1981:
September
October.,
lovember.
December.

82,707
82,807
82,895
82,978

63,960
64,040
64,158
64,283

77.3
77.3
77.4
77.5

61,977
62,064
62,184
62,303

57,471
57,266
57,051
56,725

2,687
2,715
2,668
2,590

54.784
54.551
54,383
54,135

4,506
4,798
5,133
5,578

7.3
7.7
8.3
9.0

18,747
18,767
18,737
18,696

83,054
83,129
83,218
83,303
83,389
83,464
83,550
83,627
83,712

63,941
64,025
64,069
64,234
64,635
64,270
64,343
64,464
64,860

77.0
77.0
77.0
77.1
77.8
77.0
77.0
77.1
77.5

61,966
62,042
62,082
62,247
62,849
62,287
62,353
62,460
62,852

56,629
56,658
56,472
56,401
56,820
56,223
56,192
56,210
56,148

2.698
2,693
2,667
2,661
2,797
2,724
2,796
2,78\
2,715

53,931
53,965
53,805
53,739
54.023
53.498
53.396
53.429
53.433

5.33 8
5.384
5,610
5.846
6,029
6,065
6,161
6,250
6,704

8.6
8.7
9.0
9,4
9.6
9-7
9.9
10.0
10.7

19,113
19,104
19,149
19,068
18,553
19,193
19,207
19,162
18,853

635
622
596
584
588
612
669
661
656
667

30,622
32.093
33.173
33.404
35,027
36.677
38.900
40.556
41,461
42,333

2,222
2.089
2,441
3,486
3,369
3.324
3.061
3.018
3.370
3,696

6.6
6-0
6.7
9-3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8
7.4
7.9

42,811
43,000
43,101
43,386
43,406
43,227
42,703
42,608
42,861
42,922

3,730
3,871
3,967
3,993

8.0
8.2
8.4
8-5

43,352
43,030
42,987
43,286

3,960
4,191
4,243
4,461
4,520
4,362
4,629
4,555
4,556

8-4
8.9
9-0
9.4
9.5
9-1
'9-6
9.5
9-5

1982:
January..
February.
March....
April....

August...
September

Annual averages

FEMALES
1

1972
1973 1
1974
1975
1076
1977
1078 1
1070
1980
1081

76,333
77,855
79,379
80,949
82,496
83,955
85,459
86,963
88,507
89,796

33,522
34,655
36.278
37,565
39,089
40,728
12,755
44,375
45,646
46,873

43.9
44.8
45.7
46.4
47.4
48.5
50.0
51,-0
51.6
52.2

33,479
34,804
36,211
37,475
38,983
40,613
42,631
44,235
45,487
46,696

31,257
32,715
33,769
33,989
35,615
37,289
39,569
41,217
42,117
43,000

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted3

1981:
September
October..
November.
December*

90,051
90,159
90,259
90,352

46,699
47,129
47,272
47,066

51.9
52.3
52-4
52.1

46,517
46,948
47,088
46,881

90,441
90,528
90,625
90,718
90,813
90,900
90,995
91,081
91,176

47,0S7
47,308
47,452
47,589
46,005
48,094
48,360
48.377
48,320

52. 1
52.3
52.4
52.5
52.9
52.9
53-1
53- 1
53,0

46,913
47,123
47,264
47,401
47.817
47,904
48,169
48,185
48,129

I

42,787
43,077
43,121
42,888

671
663
704
619

42,116
42,414
42,417
42,269

42,952
42,932
43,020
42,940
43,297
43,541
43,540
43,630
43,572

713
680
682
647
691
633
664
655
653

42,239
42,251
42,339
42,292
42,606
42,908
42,875
42,975
42,919

!

,

1982:
January..
February.
March....
April....

Auqust...
September

j

j

Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historic Comparability" under
Household Data section of Explanatory Notes.

8



43,343
43,220
43,173
43,128
42,807
42,806
42,635
42,704
42,856

3
Because seasonality, by definition, does not exist in population figures, data for "total noninstitutional population" are not seasonally adjusted.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-3.

E m p l o y m e n t s t a t u s of t h e n o n i n s t i t u t i o n a l p o p u l a t i o n by sex, a g e , and race

[Numbers in thousands]

September 1982

Total labor force

Civilian labor force

Sex, age, and race

Not in labor force

Unemployed
Percent
of
population

Keeping
house
labor
force

MALES
16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years . .
25 to 54 years . .
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years

64,304
7.635
4.382
1,577
2,805

76-8
63-1
54.3
40.6
66-9

62.296
7,224
4,147
1,565
2,582

56.335
5.630
3,124
1,119
2,004

5.961
1.594
1.024
446
577

9.6
22.1
24.7
28.5
22.4

19,409
4,578
3,691
2,305
1,386

3 93
16
12

58,047
9,254
41,522
9,674
8,822
7,379
5,818
5,003
4,£25

89,
84.
S4,
94,
95.
S5
94.8
93.3
89.6

56,274
8,470
40,535
9,277
8,556
7,181
5,729
4,974
4,817

51,414
7,126
37,362
8,250
7.837
6,672
5.375
4.707
4.522

4,860
1,344
3,172
1,027
719
509
354
267
296

8.6
15.9
7.8
11. 1
8.4
7.1
6.2
5-4
6.1

7,181
1,650
2,573
585
429
319
320
360
562

12

4,713
3,860
3,183
2 , 124
1,059

1,409
21
12
1
11

175
12
108
18
18
22
19
15
16

1,527
1,132
390
232
91
40
15
3
9

1,016
52
546
58
74
64
80
111
160

55 to 64 years . .
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years

7,271
4,469
2.803

71.
83.
57.

7,270
4,467
2,802

6,925
4,246
2,680

345
222
123

4.7
5.0
4.4

2.956
917
2,040

54
30
24

5
5
1

418
168
250

65 years and over . . .
65 to 69 years . .
70 years and over

1,875
1,051
824

18.0
26.8
12.7

1.875
1.051
824

1.798
1,005
793

77
46
31

4.1
4.4
3.7

8,537
2,873
5.665

206
50
156

3
3

381
99
282

56.5C7
6,751
3,836
1,433
2,403

77.6
65.4
57.3
44.7
68.9

54,964
6,279
3,649
1,424
2,226

50,354
5,063
2,861
1,047
1,814

4,610
1,216
788
377
411

8.4
19.4
21.6
26.5
18.5

16.343
3.572
2,856
1.770
1.087

315
11

3,684
3,061
2.498
1,648
850

1,111
18
10
1
8

20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years . .
25 to 54 years . .
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

50,961
7,889
36.468
16,066
11.649
8,753

89.8
86.1
95.0
95.7
96.2
92.3

49,605
7,306
35,695
15,564
11,410
8.721

45,849
6,292
33,243
14,250
10,730
8,26 2

3,755
1,013
2,452
1,314
680
458

7.
13.
6.
8.
6.
5.

5,768
1,271
1,913
726
460
726

127
10
74
29
26
20

1,185
902
282
247
26
8

794
39
407
94
115
198

55 to 64 years . .
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over . .

6,605
4,C4S
2.556
1,710

71.
83.
58.
18.

6.603
4,048
2.555
1,710

6.314
3.861
2.453
1.644

289
187
102
67

4.4
4.6
4.0
3.9

586
776
809
,718

42
23
19
180

1
1
2

349
138
211
307

7,797
1,084
546
144
4 02

71.8
51.9
39.6
21.2
57.3

7,332
945
498
142
356

5.981
566
262
73
190

1,351
378
235
69
166

18.4
40.0
47.3
48.9
46.6

3,066
1,006
834
535
299

78
5
4
1
3

,029
799
685
476
209

298
3
2

7,086
1,365
5.055
2.431
1.548
1,076

83.4
78.3
68.4
89-4
89.7
64.6

6,669
1,164
4,840
2.269
1.500
1.070

5.565
83 4
4.119
1.837
1.317
966

1,105
330
719
432
184
104

16.6
28-4
14.9
19.0
12.2
9.8

1,411
379
662
288
178
195

48
2
34
7
15
12

342
229
109
76
30
4

222
14
139
38
29
72

666
419
247
165

64.3
7 4.9
51-7
16-7

666
419
247
165

611
385
226
154

55
35
21
10

8.3
8-3
8.3
6.3

371
140
230
820

12
7
5
26

4
4

69
30
39
74

White
16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

Black and othi
16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years . .
25 to 54 years . .
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years . .
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over . .




9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-3.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race—Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

September 1982
Total labor force

Civilian labor force

Not in labor force

Sex, age, and race
Percent
of
population

Employed

Keeping
house

Percent
of
labor
force

Going

FEMALES

48.440
6,852
3.965
1,504
2,461

53-1
56.5
50.5
39.9
60.1

48,250
6,788
3,942
1,503
2.439

43,516
5,445
3,02 9
1.155
1,874

4.734
1,342
913
348
565

9.8
19.8
23-2
23.2
23.2

42,736
5,270
3,892
2,261
1,631

30,915
1,062
467
83
384

4,620
3,787
3.124
2.090
1,034

20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years

43,235
7,585
30,646
7,286
6,370
5,418
4,438
3,722
3,411

63.4
70.3
67.0
70.1
67.4
68.2
69.2
65.5
58.4

43,067
7.493

39,285
6,487
28.039
6,472
5,725
4,985
4,141
3.513
3,204

8.8
13.4
8.3
,6
,9
.9
,7
.6
.0

24,994
3.211
15.076
3,102
3,083
2.528
1.971
1.959
2,433

20,532
1,901

30,570
7,237
6,352
5,413
4,436
3,721
3,411

3,782
1,005
2,532
765
627
429
296
209
206

1,496
961
517
229
138
73
30
28
20

442
23
206
16
34
23
22
46
65

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years

5,004
3,063
1,941

42-7
50.6
34.3

5,004
3,063
1,941

4,759
2.901
1.858

245
161
83

4.9
5.3
4.3

6.708
2,988
3.720

5.441
2.503
2.938

19
18

213
107
106

65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

1,241
757
483

8.2
15-4
4-7

1,241
757
483

1.202
732
47 0

39
25
14

3. 1
3.3
2.9

13.850
4.151
9.698

9.916
3,181
6,736

41,517
5,999
3,494
1,329
2,165

52-9
59.6
53.8
42.8
63.9

41,382
5,954
3,478
1,329
2.149

37.821
4,956
2,786
1,059
1.727

3,561
998
692
270
422

8.6
16.8
19.9
20.3
19.6

36.963
4,064
2.999
1.776
1.223

27,361
829
364
67
296

3,555
2.937
2,429
1,641
788

814
12
7
1
7

36.905
6,476
26,020
11,444
8.405
6,171

63.2
72-0
66.8
68.7
68.4
61-7

36,786

33.951

6,412

25,966

5.697
24.058

11,396
8,400
6,170

10.379
7,84 0
5.840

2,834
715
1,908
1,018
560
330

7.7
11.2
7.3
8.9
6-7
5-4

21,464
2,521
12,924
5,217
3,876
3,831

17.937
1,535
11,451
4,588
3.505
3.358

1,126
733
378
265
74
39

348
20
157
41
31
86

4.4C8
2,680
1,729
1,118

42.3
50.1
34.0
€.2

4,408
2,680
1,728
1.118

4.196
2.541
1.655
1.084

212
139
73
35

4-8
5.2
4.2
3. 1

6,020
2,671
3,348
12.500

4,952
2.272
2.680
9.060

14
14

171
78
94
459

6,923
853
471
174
296

54.5
41.4
34.5
26-4
42-1

6,868
833
4 64
174
290

5.695
489
243
96

17. 1
41.3
47-6
44.7
49.4

5.773
1.206
893
485
407

3.554
233
103
16
88

1.065
850
695
449
246

200
2
3

147

1,172
344
221
78
143

20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

6,331
1,109
4,625
2.212
1,451
962

64-2
61.7
68.2
69.6
70.0
63.2

6,282
1,081
4,604
2,193
1,450
962

5.334
79 1
3.980
1.818
1.286
877

947
290
624
375
164
85

15. 1
26.9
13.6
17.1
11.3
8.8

3.530
690
2.153
968
623
561

2.594
366
1.739
760
531
447

370
228
139
102
28
9

93
3
49
9
14
25

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

596
383
213
122

46.4
54.8
36-4
8.3

596
383
213
122

563
361
202
118

33
22
10
4

5.5
5.9
4.8
3.6

688
316
372
1,350

489
231
258
857

4
4

42
29
12
105

16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

13,189
2,633
2,716
2,276
1,760
1.708
2.096

1,015
14
10
10

563
95
469

White
16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 64 years
20 to 24 years

25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
Black and other
16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

10



H0U8EH0LD DATA
A-4. Labor force by sex, age, and race
Civilian labor force

Total labor force

Sex, age, and race

Thousands of persons

Scpt1981

Sept.
1982

Participation rates

Thousands of persons

Participation rates

Sept.
1981

Sept1982

Sept.
1981

Sept1982

Sept.
1981

MALES
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

63.627
4,695
1,8C6
2,889

64,304
4.382
1,577
2,805

76.
56.
44.
68.

76-8
54.3
40.6
66.9

61,643
4.425
1.787
2,638

62,296
4.147
1.565
2.582

76.4
54.9
44.1
66.0

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

S.321
4C.623
18,219
12.5$1
S.852

9,254
41,522
18,497
13,197
9,828

85.6
94.2
95.0
95.6
91-1

84.9
94-2
94.8
95.4
91.4

8.559
39.673
17.578
12.279
9.816

8,470
40,535
17,833
12,910
9,791

84.
94.
94.
95.
91.

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

7.131
4,367
2,763
1,858

7,271
4,469
2,803
1,875

70.1
80.6
58.2
18.2

71.
83.
57.
18.

7.129
4.366
2,763
1,858

7,270
4,467
2,802
1,875

70.1
80.6
58.2
18.2

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

56,175
4,181
1,648
2,533

56,507
3,836
1.433
2.403

77.7
60.1
48.6
71.1

77.6
57.3
44.7
68.9

54,647
3,968
1.631
2.337

54,964
3,649
1,424
2.226

77.3
58.9
48.4
69.4

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

7,S63
35,813
15,923
11,052
8,838

7.889
36,468
16,066
11,649
8,753

86.5
95.0
9 6.0
96. 1
92-1

86. 1
95.0
95.7
96,-2
92.3

7,420
35,063
15.430
10.826
8.807

7.306
35.695
15.564
11.410
8,721

85.6
95.0
95.9
96.0
92.0

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

6.492
3,956
2,537
1,706

6,605
4,049
2,556
1,710

71.0
81.5
59-1
18-4

71.9
83.9
58.5
18.1

6,491
3.954
2,537
1,706

6,603
4,048
2,555
1,710

71.0
81.5
59.1
18.4

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

7,451

7,797

514
158
356

546
144
402

71.3
37.5
23.1
52.0

71.8
39.6
21.2
57.3

6.996
456
156
301

7,332
498
142
356

70.0
34.7
22.8
47.8

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

1,338
4,808
2,296
1,499
1,014

1,365
5,055
2.431
1,548
1,076

80.6
88.4
88.7
91.8
83.4

78.3
88.4
89.4
89.7
84.6

1,139
4,611
2,148
1,453
1,009

1,164
4,840
2,269
1.500
1.070

78.0
88.0
88.0
91-6
83.3

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

€38
412
227
152

666
419
247
165

62-4
72.6
49.8
15.8

64.3
74.9
51.7
16.7

638
412
227
152

666
419
247
165

62.4
72.6
49.8
15.8

White

Black and other




11

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-4. Labor force by sex, age, and race—Continued
Total labor foroa

Sox, age, and race

Thoutandt of parsons

Civilian labor force

Participation ratat

Thousands of parsons

Participation rates

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept1982

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

46.811
4,036
1.562
2,474

48,440
3,965
1,504
2.461

52.0
49.8
39.5
59.6

53.1
50.5
39.9
60. 1

46,629
4,008
1.561
2.447

48,250
3,942
1,503
2,439

51. 9
49. 6
39. 5
59. 4

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

7,520
25,291
13.092
9,211
6,987

7,585
30,646
13,656
9,856
7,133

69.6
65.4
67.1
67.5
60.2

70.3
67.0
68.8
68.7
61.9

7.432
29,225
13.033
9,206
6,986

7,493
30,570
13,589
9,850
7,132

69,.3
65. 4
67. 0
67. 5
60. 2

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,785
3,025
1.76C
1,179

5,004
3,063
1.941
1,241

41.2
49.7
31.8
8.0

42.7
50.6
34.3
8.2

4,785
3,025
1,760
1.179

5.004
3.063
1,941
1.241

41. 2
49. 7
31. 8
8. 0

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

40,201
3,6C8
1,415
2,193

41,517
3,494
1,329
2.165

51.7
53.5
43.3
63.2

52.9
53.8
42.8
63.9

40,069
3,588
1,414
2,175

41,382
3.478
1,329
2.149

51. 6
53. 4
43. 3
63. 0

20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

6,445
24,927
11,002
7,852
6,072

6.476
26,020
11,444
8,405
6,171

71.1
65.1
66.8
67.1
60.1

72.0
66.8
68.7
68.4
61.7

6,382
24,878
10,959
7,848
6,071

6.412
25.966
11.396
8.400
6.170

70. 9
65. 1
66. 7
67. 1
60 1

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,165
2,642
1,523
1,056

4,408
2,680
1,729
1,118

40.2
49.0
30.7
7.9

42.3
50.1
34.0
8.2

4,165
2,642
1,523
1,056

4.408
2.680
1.728
1, 118

40..2
49. 0
30, 7
7.9

16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

6,610
428
148
280

6.923
471
174
296

53.8
31.3
21.5
41.3

54.5
34.5
26.4
42.1

6.560
420
147
273

6,868
464
174
290

53..6

20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

1,076
4,364
2,090
1,359
916

1.109
4,625
2,212
1.451
962

61.7
67.4
68.8
70.0
61.0

61.7
68.2
69.6
70.0
63.2

1.050
4,347
2,074
1,358
915

1,081
4,604
2,193
1.450
962

61 .1
67 .3
68 .6
70 .0
61 .0

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

620
383
237
123

596
383
213
122

48.6
54.7
41.3
8.7

46.4
54.8
36.4
8.3

620
383
237
123

596
383
213
122

48 .6
54 .7
41 .3
8 .7

FEMALES

White

Black and other

25 to 54 years

12



30.9

21 .4
40 .6

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-5.

Employment status of black workers by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

September 1982
Civilian labor force

Unemployed

Sex and age

Nonagricultural
indus­
tries

Agri­
culture

9,034
361
123
238

2,235
408
126
282

19-5
51.6
49.8
52.5

1,308
6 ,297
2 ,822
2 ,004
1 ,472

165
21
4
17
20
80
33
22
25

1,289
6,218
2,788
1,983
1,446

571
1,170
707
298
166

30.4
15.7
20.0
13.0
10.1

1,050
667
383
246

979
620
359
231

24
12
12
19

955
608
347
212

71
48
24
14

6.8
7.1
6.2
5.7

5,800
411
109
302

4 ,612
195
48
147

968
3,751
1,771
1,148
832

672
3 ,133
1,400
993
742

4,468
179
44
135
656
3,065
1,366
976
721

1,189
216
61
155
296
616
373
154
90

20.5
52.6
56.0
51.3

20 to 24 years . .
25 to 54 years . .
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

144
16
4
12
18
70
32
17
20

55 to 64 years . . .
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

533
340
193
136

484
309
176
124

21
11
10
18

463
298
166
106

49
32
18
11

9.2
9.4
9.3
8.1

16 years and over . .
16 to 19 years . .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

5,633
379
144
235

4,587
187
79
108

21
5

4,566
182
79
103

1,046
192
65
127

18.6
50.6
45.2
53.9

20 to 24 years . .
25 to 54 years . .
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

911
3,717
1,757
1,155
805

636
3 ,164
1,422
1.011
730

2
10
1
5
5

633
3,153
1,422
1.007
725

275
554
334
144
76

30.2
14.9
19.0
12.5
9.4

517
327
190
110

495
311
183
107

3
1
2
1

492
310
181
106

22
16
6
3

4.3
4.8
3.3
3.1

16 years and over . .
16 to 19 years . .
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

11,433
790
253
537

9 ,199
382
127
255

20 to 24 years . .
25 to 54 years . .
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

1,879
7,468
3,528
2,303
1,637

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years .
60 to 64 years .
65 years and over .

16 years and over . . .
16to 19years . . .
16 to 17 years .
18 t o 19 years

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years .
60 to 64 years .
65 years and over .




30.6
16.4
21.1
13.4
10.8

13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-6.

Employment status of t h e noninstitutional population by r a c e , sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Males, 20 years and over

Females, 20 years and over

Both sexes, 16-10 years

Employment status and race

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

174,889
112,744
64.5
110,546
99.851
3,612
96,239
10,695
9.7
62,144

74,382
58.932
79.2
57,219
54,074
2.515
51,558
3.145
5.5
15,451

75,640
59.922
79-2
58.149
53.212
2.579
50.633
4.937
8.5
15,718

81.946
42.775
52.2
42.621
39.557
693
38.864
3.064
7.2
39,171

83,320
44,476
53.4
44,308
40,487
663
39,824
3,821
8.6
38,844

16,429
8,731
53.1
8,433
6,758
401
6,357
1,675
19.9
7,699

150,030
96,376
64.2
94,717
88,778
3,368
85,410
5,939
6.3
53,654

151,330
98,024
64.8
96,346
88,175
3,385
84,790
8,171
8.5
53.306

65,304
51.995
79.6
50.679
48,291
2,327
45,964

66,157
52.671
79.6
51.315
47,493
2.402
45.091
3,822
7.4
13,486

71,034
36,592
51.5
36,481
34.258
651
33.607
2.223
6.1
34.442

71.987
38.023
52.8
37.904
35.035
635
34.400
2.869
7.6
33.964

13,692
7,789
56.9
7,557
6,228
390
5,838
1,329
17.6
5,903

,728
,062
61.9
,556
,611
241
,370
,945
14.3
,666

23,559
14,720
62.5
14,200
11,676
227
11,450
2,523
17.8
8,838

9,079
6,937
76-4
6,540
5,782

9.482
7.251
76.5
6.834
5.719
177
5.542
1.115
16.3
2.231

10,912
6,183
56.7
6,140
5,299
42
5,257
841
13-7
4,729

11.332
6.453
56.9
6.404
5.452
28
5.424
951
14-9
4.880

2,737
942
34.4
876
530
11
519
346
39.5
1,795

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

172.758
110,437
63.9
108,273
100,389
3,609
96,780
7,884
7.3
62,320

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population
Total labor force
Percent of population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force
White
Total noninstitutional population
Total labor force
Percent of population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force

2,387
4.7
13,309

Black and other
Total noninstitutional population
Total labor force
Percent of population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force

14



188
5,594
758
11.6
2,142

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-7. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 to 21 years of age by major activity, sex, and race
[Numbers in thousands!

September 1982
Black and other
Employment status and
major activity
Both
sexes

Both
sexes

Both
sexes

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population
Total labor force
Percent of population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries . . .
Unemployed
Looking for full-time work . .
Looking for part-time work .
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force

24.535
14.687
59.9

12,413
7,835
63. 1

12.122
6,852
56.5

20,386
12,750
62.5

10.323
6,751
65.4

10,063
5,999
59.6

4,149
1,937
46.7

2.091
1,084
51.9

14,011
11,075
582
10,493
2,936
1,861
1,076
21.0
9,848

7,224
5,630
475
5,155
1,594
1,050
544
22.1
4,578

6,788
5,445
108
5,338
1,342
811
531
19.8
5,270

12,233
10,019
544
9,475
2.214
1.342
872
18.1
7,636

6,279
5,063
445
4,618
1,216
755
460
19.4
3,572

5.954
4,956
100
4,856
998
586
412
16.8
4,064

1,778
1,056
38
1,018
722
519
203
40.6
2,212

945
566
30
536
378
294
84
40.0
1,006

4,152
3,118
188
2,929
1,034
106
928
24.9
7,647

2,100
1,540
147
1,393
560
53
507
26.7
3,860

2.052
1,578
41
1,536
474
53
422
23.1
3.787

3,715
2.891
176
2.715
824
60
764
22.2
5.998

1,888
1,431
140
1,292
457
32
424
24.2
3,061

1,827
1,460
37
1,423
367
28
339
20.1
2,937

43 7
227
12
214
211
46
165
48.2
1,649

212
109
7
101
103
21
82
48.7
799

9,859
7,957
394
7,563
1.902
1,755
147
19.3
2,201

5,124
4,089
328
3,762
1,034
996
38
20.2
717

4.736
3,868
66
3,801
868
758
110
18.3
1,483

8.518
7.128
368
6,760
1,390
1,282
109
16.3
1,638

4,391
3,632
305
3,327
759
723
36
17.3
510

4,127
3,496
63
3,433
631
558
73
15.3
1,127

1,341
829
26
803
512
473
39
38.2
563

733
458
23
435
275
273
2
37.5
207

Major activity: going to school
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries . . .
Unemployed
Looking for full-time work . .
Looking for part-time work .
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force
Major activity: other
Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagriculatural industries . .
Unemployed
Looking for full-time work . .
Looking for part-time work .
Percent of labor force
Not in labor force




15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-8. Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by sex, age, and race
[Numbers in thousands]

September 1982
Part-time labor force

Full-time labor force

Unemployed
(looking for
full-time work)

Sex, age, and race

Full­
time
schedules'

Part
time for
economic

Unemployed
(looking for
part-time work)
on voluntary
part time 1

Percent of
full-time
labor force

TOTAL

16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

94.280
8.523
3,869
581
3,288
90,411
13,590
76,822
€4,545
12.277

79,195
5,445
2,123
204
1,919
77.073
10,281
66,791
55,803
10,988

6,267
1,218
684
132
552
5,583
1,299
4,284
3,537
747

8,818
1,861
1,062
245
817
7,756
2,010
5,747
5,205
542

Males, 16 years and over • .
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

57,138
4,660
2.124
55,014
7,514
47,500
39,635
7,860

48,900
3,012
1,236
47,664
5,621
42,043
34,901
7,142

3,044
598
319
2,725
690
2,035
1,658
377

5,195
1,050
569
4,626
1,203
3,423
3,081
342

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

37,142
3,863
1,745
35.397
6.075
29,322
24,905
4,417

30,296
2,432
887
29,409
4,660
24,748
20,902
3,846

3,223
619
365
2,858
609
2,249
1,879
370

3,623
811
493
3,130
806
2,324
2,124
200

Males, 16 years and over. .
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

50,348
3,963
1,836
48,512
6,440
42.072
34.922
7,150

43,864
2,707
1.147
42.717
4,987
37,730
31,188
6,542

2.503
501
286
2,217
556
1,661
1,345
316

3,981
755
403
3.578
898
2,680
2,389
292

7.9
19.1
21.9
7.4
13.9

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

31,264
3,347
1,517
29,767
5,168
24,59S
20.725
3.874

25,998
2.201
826
25.172
4,105
21,066
17,656
3,410

2,628
560
331
2,297
492
1,805
1,508
297

2,659
586
360
2,299
571
1,729
1,561
168

Males, 16 years and over .
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

6,790
697
288
6,502
1.074
5.428
4,718
710

5,036
306
89
4,947
635
4,313
3,713
600

541
97
33
508
134
374
313
61

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,858
516
228
5,63C
908
4,723
4,180
543

4,298
231
61
4,237
555
3,682
3,246
436

595
60
34
561
117
445
371
74

Both sexes, 16 years and over...

9.4

16,266
5,488
4,220
2,487
1,733
12,046
2,373
9,672
6,560
3,112

14,389
4,413
3,346
1.938
1,408
11,044
2,033
9,009
6,061
2,948

1,877
1,076
874
549
325
1,002
339
663
499
163

5.158
2.563
2.023
3.135

4,392
2,019
1,569
2,823

955
2,180
895
1,285

815
2,009
804
1,205

766
544
454
312
141
171
91
80

11,108
2,925
2,197
8,911
1,417
7.493
5,665
1,828

9,997
2,394
1,777
8,220
1,218
7,002
5,257
1.744

1,111
531
420
691
199
492
408
84

4,616
2,316
1,813
2.803

4.1

866
1.936
773
1,163

3.987
1.856
1.428
2.559
750
1,809
710
1,099

629
460
385
243
116
128
63
65

8.5
17.5
23.7
7.7
11.0
7.0
7.5
4.3

10,098
2,607
1,961
8,137
1,244
6,893
5,241
1,652

9,195
2,196
1,629
7,566
1,099
6,467
4.894
1,573

903
412
332
571
144
426
347
79

1,213
294
166
1,047
305
741
691
50

17.9
42.2
57.7
16.1
28-4
13.7
14.6
7.0

542
248
210
332
90
242
122
120

405
164
141
264
65
199
94
105

137
84
69
68
25
43
28
15

964
225
133
831
23 6
596
563
33

16.5
43.5
58.4
14.8
26.0
12.6
13.5
6.1

1,010
317
236
774
174
600
424
176

802
198
148
654
119
535
363
171

208
120
88
120
55
65
61
4

21-8
27.5
42.2

24-9
8.6
14.8
7.5
8.1
4.4
9.1
22.5

26.8
8.4
16.0
7-2
7.8
4.4

9.8
21-0
28.3
8.8
13.3

7.9
8.5
4.5

White

6.4
6.8

Black and other

1 Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed proportionately among the
full- and part-time employed categories.

16



HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-9. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by fanwfcy relationship
[Numbers in thousands]
September

1982

Not in labor force

Civilian labor forot -

Family relationship

Employed

Total, 16 years and over
Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force
Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force
Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
Females who maintain families
Relatives in families maintained by females
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
Males who maintain families
Relatives in families maintained by males. .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
Persons living alone
Males
Females
All others1

10,546
40,049
22,170
1,807
16,072
26,030
22,454
1,523
2,053
13,540
5,411
5,290
2,839
5,836
4,801
1,306
1,569
1,926
1,795
1,516

291
412
813
10,434
5,443
4,990
6,545

64.0
80.2
92.0
93.5
67.2
52.1
59.7
63.2
20.7
60.8
51.1
74.7
61.6
61.1
57.0
46.0
73.9
55.7
74.9
60.6
51.0
74.3
59.1
53.9
71.6
42.5
78.6

99,851
37,639
20,955
1,499
15,184
24,099
20,955
1,214
1,929

U,021
4,219
4,361
2,441
5,129
3,606
856
1,155
1,595
1,647
1,190
192
329
669
9,719
4,979
4,740
5,801

10,695
2,410
1,214
308
888
1,932
1,499
308
125
2,519
1,192
929
398
706
1,196
450
414
332
148
326
99
83
144
714
464
250
744

9.7
6.0
5.5
17.0
5.5
7.4
6.7
20.2
6.1
18.6
22.0
17.6
14.0
12.1
24.9
34.
26.
17.

62,144
9,898
1,929
125
7,845
23,917
15,184
888
7,845
8,731
5,172
1,788
1,771
3,711
3,615
1,531
555
1,529
601
986
279
143
564
8,907
2,157
6,750
1,778

31,308
176
61
5
111
21,066
13,936
812
6,319
820
113
109
598
2,769
790
74
119
597
18
363
5
36
322
4,760
134
4,626
546

9,333
201
109
5
87
356
289
20
47
6,025
4,591
1,313
121
122
1,569
1,245
268
56
31
308
228
64
16
217
127
89
504

2,423
799
263
22
514
261
74
4
183
297
13
47
237
103
244
6
15
223
76
67
1
3
63
481
198
283
95

19,080
8,722
1,496
93
7,132
2,232
885
52
1,296
1,590
454
320
816
717
1,011
207
153
651
476
248
45
40
163
3,450
1,698
1,752
63n

whose family status is unknown.

The majority of these persons an living with nonraiatwcs.
couple families where the husband is im the Armed Forces, parsons i

A-10. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex

Unemployment

Thousands of
persons

Marital status, race , and age

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,988
1,508
422
2,057

5,961
2,546
677
2,737

6-5
3.7
7.8
13.3

9.6
6.2
12-1
17.4

3.896
1.582
794
1,520

4,734
2,036
912
1.786

8.4
6.2
8.7
12.7

9.8
7.7
9.8
14.4

White, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,066
1,231
285
1,550

4,610
2,122
484
2,004

5.6
3.3
6.5
11-7

8.4
5.7
10.6
15.0

2,873
1,287
583
1.002

3,561
1,682
676
1,203

7.2
5.7
8.0
10.0

8.6
7.1
9.0
11.7

Black and other, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

922
277
137
50 8

1,351
425
193
733

13.2
7.4
13.6
22.6

18.
10.
18.
31.

1,023
295
211
518

1, 172

353
236
583

15.6
10.8
11-5
25.9

17.1
12.2
13.1
27.0

Total, 20 to 64 years of age. . . .
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,103
1,461
410
1,231

4,860
2.473
660
1.727

5.6
3.7
7.9
11.0

8.6
6.3
12-3
14.9

3,025
1.494
753 .
779

3,782
1,942
875
965

7.3
6.0
9.0
9-4

8.8
7.6
10.2
11.0

White, 20 to 64 years of age
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

,

2,355
1,189
278
888

3.755
2,059
468
1.227

4.8
3-4
6.6
9.5

7.6
5-8
10.
12.

2,195
1.208
548
438

2.834
1.598
643
594

6.2
5.5
8.2
6.6

7.
7.
9.
8.

Black and other, 20 to 64 years of age,
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

748
271
133
344

1,105
414
192
499

11-7
7.5
13.7
19.3

16.6
10.8
19.
27.

830
286
205
340

947
345
232
371

13.8
10.7
11.7
21.3




15.
12.
13.
21.5

17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-11. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Unemployment rates
Thousands of persons

Sept.
1981
Total, 16 years and over
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Carpenters and other construction craft workers
All other
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Construction laborers
All other
Service workers
Private household
All other
Farm workers
No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

7,884
2.437
552
32 7
323
1,235
3,096
853
427
426
1,289
287
668
191
477
1,318
52
1,266
116
917
668
164
86

Sept.
1982
10.695
2,929
6 53
443
360
1.473
4,679
1,3 07
613
694
2,088
3 85
899
260
639
1,673
71
1,602
146
1,268
915
201
152

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

7-3
4.4
3.2
2.7
4.
6.
86.
10.
4.
10.8
7-4
12.3
19.0
10.8
9.1
5-1
9.4
3.8

9-7
5.2
3.7
3.6
5.3
7.3
13.7
9.5
14. 1
7.4
18.8
10. 1
16.2
26. 1
14. 1
10.8
6.5
11.2
4.8

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

6-5

3.
2.
2.
3.
5.
8.
6.
9.9
4.5
9.2
7.5
12-1
19.0
10.3
8.9

9.
4.
3.
3.
3.
7.
12.
9.
14.
7.
18.
10.
16.
25.7
13.6
11.3

9.8
6.2
4.1
4.8
7.1
7.
17.
9.
21.

9.0
3.0

11.3
4.9

8.4
5.7
4.
4.
6.
6.
12.
6.7
(1)
6.0
13.2
7.0
13.7
(1)
13.3
9.2
5.1
9.7
7.2

(D

(D

19
6
17.8
(1)
17.0
10.5
6.2
11.1
4.6

Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-12. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Unemployment rates
Percent distribution

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical equipment
Electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment . . .
Instruments and related products . . . .
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries . . .
Transportation and public utilities
Railroads and railway express
Other transportation
Communication and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
All other service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers
All other classes of workers
No previous work experience

1

Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

18



Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

100-0
73-5
.6
8.0
21.5
12-9
-9
-6
.6
1.2
1.6
2. 1
2.2
2.5
1.8
.7
.5
-8
8.6
2. 1
1.0
2.0
.4
1.0
-8
.9
-5
3.0
.3
2.0
.7
20.8
2.6
16.9
7.7
9.2
2. 1
12.8
11.6

100.0
75.8
1.5
8-2
26.8
17-4
.8
.9
.8
2-5
2.1
3-6
2.6
2.7
1.7
1.0
-6
.8
9.4
2-2
1.2
1.9
.6
1.1

7.3
7-3
4-2
12-2
7-4
7-3
9.9
8.4
6.8
7.6
8.1
5-6
6.7
8-3
11-8
4.7
5.7
8.5
7.5
8.4
9.8
11.2
4.6
5.1
4.8
9-3
6.3
4-0
3.9
5.8
2.2
8.3
3-6
7-1
5.5
9.3
9.7
3.9

18
2
14.6
5.7
8.8
1.9
10.4
11.9

Sept,.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

9.7

6.5
6.7
3.9

9.6
10-2
17-1
17.2
11.7
13.2
11.7
16.8
13.6
23.7
16-0
13.8
7.8
12.1
14.8
9.6
7.2
6.9
8.8
9.9
13.9
10.1
7.2
7.8
4.8
11.8
9. 4
6. 9
12. 5
9. 6
1. 9
8. 4
4. 6
8.1
4.8
10.9
11.2
3.9

10.0
15.2
17.2
12.8
14.0
12.7
18.3
14- 1
24.4
16.4
13.8
10.7
13.6
17.3
10.2

12.5
5.9

6. 1
7.8
8-2
6.3
5-9
6.7
5.3
4.2
7.5

10.2
4.8

8.7

5. 1

10.2
11. 1
11-7
17.6
15.1

11. 1
11. 1

5-9
5.4
6.8
7-6
8-7
2.7
4.5
3.9
6-8
3.8
4.4
4-0
6.2
2.2
7.0
2.9
6.9
4.6
9.0
8.5

4.2

3. 1

8.0
7.4
7.2

13.0
11.6
6.5

11.6
9. 1
2.6
9.6
4.9
7.7
5.2

Sept.
1981

8.9
9.4
19.
13.
6.
911.
19.
46.
12.
10.
11.
11.5
11.8
10.7
5.8
6.9
14.0
9.7
2.9
(1)
4.1
2.1
9.6
4.
7.
5.
9.
13.
4.

Sept.
1982
9.
9.
317.
15.
16.
17.
21.
15.
30.
17.
1414.
20.
29.
1210.6
15.3
14.1
14.9
21.2
16.4
11.0
7.0
13-0
15.1
14.1
5.3

(D
7.3
4.
10.
5.
7.
5.
11.
10.8
4.6

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-13.

Unemployed persons by reason for u n e m p l o y m e n t , sex, a g e , and race

Females, 20 years
and over

Males, 20 years
and over

Total
unemployed

Both sexes,
16 to 19 years

Black and other

Reason for unemployment

Sept1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed, in thousands
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

7.884
j . 801
1.093
2.708
1.C35
2,129
S18

10,695
6,083
2.018
4,065
861
2,487
1,264

3,145
2,207
652
1,555
333
513
91

4,937
3.815
1,32 9
2,486
33 8
658
126

3,064
1,272
374
898
477
1.156
158

3,821
1,849
593
1,256
393
1,355
224

1,675
322
68
254
225
460
669

1.937
419
96
323
130
474
914

5.939
2,819
867
1,952
849
1,626
644

8, 171
4,752
1,701
3,051
692
1,920
807

U 9 4 5.
982
226
756
186
503
274

2,523
1,331
316
1,015
169
566
457

100.0
46.2
13.9
34.3
13.1
27.0
11,6

100.0
56.9
18.9
38.0
8.0
23-3
11-8

100.0
70.1
20.7
49.4
10.6
16,3
2.9

100.
77.
26.
50.
6.
13.
2.6

100.0
41.5
12.2
29.3
15.6
37.7
5.2

100.0
48.4
15.5
32.9
10.3
35.5
5.9

100.0
19-2
4.0
15.2
13.4
27.4
39.9

100.0
21.6
5.0
16.6
6-7
24.5
47.2

100.0
47.5
14.6
32.9
14.3
27.4
10.9

100.
58.
20.
37.
8.
23.
9.

100.0
50.5
11.6
38.9
9.6
25.9
14. 1

100.
52.
12.
40.
6.
22.
18,

7.3
3.5
1.0
2-0
-8

9.7
5.5

5.5
3.8
.6
,9
.2

7-2
3.0
1.1
2.7
.4

8-6
4.1
.9
3.1
.5

19.9
3.8
2.7
5.5
7.9

23.9
5.2
1.6
5.9
11.3

6.3
3.0
.9
1.7
.7

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
Total unemployment rate
Job loser rate1
Job leaver rate1
Reentrant rate1
New entrant rate1

1

2.2
1. 1

8.5
6.6
.6
1. 1
.2

8.5
5.0
.7
2.0

14.3
7.3
1. 4
3.7
2.0

17.8
9.3
1.2
4.0
3.2

Unemployment rates are calculated as a percent of the civilian labor force.

A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
[Percent distribution]

September 1982
Total unemployed

Duration of unemployment

Reason, sex, and age
15 weeks and over
Less than
5 weeks

Thousands
of persons

Total, 16 years and over . .
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Males, 20 years and over. .
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Females, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




5 to 14
weeks

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

10,695

100.0

38.7

29.8

31.6

14.5

17. 1

6,083
2,018
4,065
861
2,487
1.264

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

32.1
39.9
28-2
47.4
51.1
40-0

28.
26.
29.8
30.7
28.4
37-0

39.2
33-6
42.0
21-9
20.5
22.9

16.7
16.2
16.9
9.9
10.6
14.3

22.5
17.4
25. 1
12.0
9.9
8.7

4.937

100.0

31.8

28.3

39.8

16.4

23.4

3,815
1,329
2,486
338
658
126

100-0
100.0
100-0
100.0
100.0
100.0

29-4
39.6
24.0
38.9
40.7
40-3

28. 1
26. 1
29.2
31-2
28.3
28. 1

42.5
34.4
46.8
29.9
31.0
31.6

16.9
16.2
17.3
14.4
14.9
14.9

25.6
18.2
29.5
15.4
16.2
16.7

3,821

100.0

43-1

29.3

27.5

13.1

14.4

1,849
593
1,256
393
1,355
224

100-0
100..0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100-0

34-2
38.6
32.1
49-8
52-9
46-4

29.9
27.2
31. 1
29.7
28.6
28.3

36,0
34.2
36.8
20.4
18.5
25.3

16.7
16.3
16.8
8.9
9.5
12.6

19.3
17.9
20.0
11.5
9.0
12,7

1.937

100.0

47.2

34.3

18.4

12.2

6.2

419
96
323
130
474
914

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

46-8
52.5
45.0
62-1
60.4
38.4

29.
27.
29.
32.
27.

24.1
19.8
25.4
5.9
11.7
21.2

14.9
15.1
14.9
1.4
8.0
14-6

9. 1
4.6
10.5
4.5
3.6
6.6

19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-15. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
Septeaber
Thousands of parsons

1982

Methods used as a paroant of total jobseekers

Sex, age, and race
Total
unem­
ployed

Total
jobseekers

Total, 16 years and over. .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

10,695

8.572
1.833
1.933
2,395
1.171
713
440
89

22.
13.
25.
24.
26.
28.
17.
10.

6.0
3.7
6.1
7.1

Males, 16 years and over. . .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

5,961
1,024
1.344
1,746

4.514
956
1.052
1.214
584
395
253
58

25-5
15.4
28.1
27.0
31.7
34.2
19.8

6.2
3.6
6.5
7.9
7.0
6.3
6.3

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,734
913
1,005
1.393
724

4,058
876
880
1,181
586
317
187
31

19.2
12.2
21.6
22.3
22.2
20.5
13.4
(1)

(1)

(D

White, 16 years and over •
Males
Females

6.171
4,610
3,561

6.385
3,379
3,006

20.9
24.4
16.9

5.9
6-4
5.4

Black and other, 16 years
and over
Males
Females

2.523
1.351
1,172

2,187
1,135
1.053

27.4
28.6
26.0

6.3
5.8
6.8

1.937
2.34S
3.139
1,586

S77
5SC
116

664
563
345
77

415
245
39

Employer

(D

Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseekers total is leu than the total unemployed because persons on layoff or

7.4
5-9
6.8

79.5
83.0
80.3
77.4
78.9
80. 1
74.3
70-8

33.9
24.9
37.7
36.5
36.5
34.1
34.3
31.5

13.9
12.3
14.0
15-7
13.6
13.7
14.1
1.1

5. 1
4.2
3.9
5.
5.
7.
10.
3.

1-61
1.42
1-67
1.67
1.69
1.69
1.57
1.17

81.4
85.7
81.5
79.
81.
81.
77.

32-0
24.1
36-1
34.8
32-5
32.4
30.4

16.
14.
17.
19.
18.
12.
11.
(1)

6.2
3.0
3.9
6.3
8.7
10.6
15.8
(1)

1.68
1.46
1.74
1.75
1.80
1.77
1.61
(1)

77.4
80.1
79-0
75-4
77.1
79.2
70. 1

36.0
25.7
39.7
38-0
40-4
36-3
39.6

3.9
5.5
4.1
3.8
2.2
3.2
3-7
(1)

1.53
1.37

(D

11. 1
10.0
9.9
12-2
8.5
14.8
17-6
(1)

80.3
81.8
78.5

36.6
34.8
38.7

13.7
15.6
11.6

4.9
6.2
3.5

1.62
1.69
1.55

77.3
80.2
74. 1

25.8
23.7
28.1

14.4
18.8

5.8
6.3
5. 1

1.57
1.63
1.50

(D

(D

9-7

60
58
58
1.52

(D

waiting to begin a new wage and salary job within 30 days are not actually seeking jobs. It
should also be noted that the percent using each method will always total more than 100
because many jobseekers use more than one method.

A-16. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment and jobsearch methods used
September
Thousands of persons

1982

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Sex and reason
Total
unem­
ployed

Total, 16 years and over

Females, 16 years and over

....

NOTE: See note, table A-15.

20




Total
job
seekers

Public
employ­
ment
agency

Private
employ­
ment
agency

Average
number of
Employer
directly

Placed
or answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

used

10.6S5
6.C83
861
2.467
1.264

8,572
4,055
887
2.370
1.260

22.5
28.8
22.3
16.1
14.6

6.0
6.7
6.7
5-1
5-0

79.5
80.9
81. 1
76.0
80.4

33.9
34.8
38.2
36.7
22.8

13.9
15.4
12.4
11.8
14.4

5.1
6.0
2.9
4.6
4.9

1.61
1.73
1.64
1.50
1.42

5,961
4,083
3S6
677
602

4,514
2.679
415
820
599

25.5
29.4
24.6
18.9
17.9

6.2
6.4
5.3
7.0
5.0

81.4
81.9
81.7
78.0
83.6

32.0
33.2
38.1
33.2
20.9

16.4
17.0
13.5
14.8
18.2

6.2
7.3
3.6
5.7
3.8

1.68
1.75
1.67
1.58
1.49

4.734
2.001
462
1,610
661

4.058
1,376
472
1.550
661

19.2
27.7
20.3
14.7
11.5

5-8
7.2
7.8
4.2
5.0

77.4
78.9
80.3
75.1
77.5

36.0
37.9
38.1
38.5
24.5

11.1
12-1
11.2
10.2
10.9

3.9
3.4
2.3
3.9
6. 1

1.53
1.67
1.60
1.47
1.35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-T7. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Full-time workers

Tote)

Thousands of parsons

Duration of unemployment

Sept.
1981

11 to 14 weeks

27 to 51 weeks

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

A-18.

Thousands of parsons

rVeent distribution

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

7.884

10.695

100.0

100.0

6,222

3,648
2.280
1,499
781
1,956
949
1.007
461
546

4.135
3.185
2.044
1,142
3,375
1,545
1,829
925
905

46.3
28.9
19.0
9.9
24.8
12.0
12.8
5.8
6.9

38.7
29.8
19.1
10.7
31.6
14.5
17.1
8.6
8.5

13.0
6.C

15.9
8.4

Percent distribution

Sept1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

8,818

100.0

100.0

2,557
1,889
1,267
622
1,776
851
925
423
502

3,014
2.698
1,717
981
3,105
1.364
1,742
887
855

41.1
30.4
20.4
10.0
28.5
13.7
14.9
6.8
8. 1

34.2
30.6
19.5
11.1
35.2
15.5
19.8
10.1
9.7

14.5
7.3

17.5
9.8

Sept.

1981

Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Less than
6 weeks

Sex, age, race, and marital status

6 to 14
weeks

16 to 20
weeks

27 weeks
and over

Average
(mean)
duration,
in weeks

duration,
in weeks

September 1982

Total, 16 years and over

Less than 5 weeks as a 16 weeks and over as a
percent of unemployed percent of unemployed
in group
in group

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept..
1982

10.695
2,936
1,937
2,349
3,139
1,588
977
590
116

4.135
1.310
914
946
1.144
563
324
187
57

3,185
996
665
706
936
432
264
160
21

1.545
378
236
343
472
250
150
80
15

1,829
252
121
355
587
342
239
163
23

15.9
11-4
10.4
14,-3
16.9
18.5
19.7
21.1
16.0

8.4
6.4
5,8
7.8
8.8
9,8
10,5
10,9
5.3

46.3
53.0
54.7
47.5
44.9
43.9
35.8
35.3
4 9.6

38.7
44.6
47.2
40.3
36.5
35.5
33.1
31.6
48.8

24.8
17.7
14.9
24.3
26.5
27.9
34.1
33.6
35.2

31.6
21.5
18.4
29.7
33.7
37.3
39.8
41.1
32.9

Males, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

5,961
1.594
1,024
1.344
1.746
864
563
345
77

2.012
642
439
472
537
252
170
100
42

1.766
554
367
410
506
238
152
80
14

943
229
133
210
299
155
83
58
4

1.240
169
84
251
405
219
157
108
17

18.2
12.9
11-7
16.6
19,9
21.2
20.7
23.7
15.8

10.1
7-3
6,7
9-5
11.5
12.1
11,3
13.9
4.5

41.1
48.0
50.2
42.3
37.9
39.2
33.8
30.8
(D

33,7
40,3
42.9
35.1
30.7
29-2
30.2
28.9
55.2

29.7
21.3
18.1
30.2
31.7
35.3
37.2
34.8
(D

36.6
25.0
21.3
34.3
40.3
43.3
42.8
48.0
27.2

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,734
1.342
913
1,005
1,393
724
415
245
39

2, 123
668
475
474
608
312
154
87
14

1,419
441
299
295
430
194
112
81
8

602
149
102
132
173
95
67
22
11

589
83
37
104
182
123
81
55
6

13-0
9.7
9.0
11.2
13.3
15.4
18.3
17.4
16.4

6.5
5-1
4.8
5.9
6-4
7.3
9.5
9.4
7.3

51.5
58.1
59.3
53.5
51.9
47.8
38.2
40.2
(D

44.9
49,-8
52-0
47. 1
43,6
43.0
37.2
35.5
(D

19.8
14.0
11.7
17.6
21.4
21.9
30.6
32.2
(1)

25.2
17.3
15.3
23.5
25.5
30.2
35.8
31.5
(D

,

8.171
4,610
3.561

3,176
1,540
1,635

2.477
1.399
1.078

1.199
749
450

1,320
922
399

15.2
17.6
12.1

8.3
10.1
6,2

48.3
42.6
54.3

38.9
33.4
45.9

23.3
28.2
18.0

30.8
36.2
23.8

Black and other, 16 years and over.
Males
Females

2.523
1.351
1.172

959
471
488

708
367
342

347
194
152

509
318
191

18.1
20,-1
15.8

8.8
10.1
7-3

40.2
36.2
43.9

38.0
34.9
41.6

29.4
34.4
25.0

33,9
38.0
29.3

Males, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present

2.546

798

41.2

31,3

33.1

Widowed, divorced, or
separated
Single (never married)

677
2.737

229
985

191
848

81
446

177
458

21.2
16-3

10.5
9.2

31.0
43.2

33.8
36.0

37.6
25.5

Females, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present

2.036

925

584

290

237

Widowed, divorced, or
separated
Single (never married)

12-8

6.3

52.3

45.4

20.2

25.9

912
1.786

362
836

262
574

108
204

180
173

16.0
11.7

8.0
6.0

44.3
54.5

39.7
46.8

26.1
16.2

31.6
21.1

16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

White, 16 years and over.
Males
Females

415

19.4

38.1
33.0

Percent not shown where base is lew than 76,000.




21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-19. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of parsons

Occupation and industry

Total

I a n than
Iwaeki

6 to 14
waaks

1*to2i
waaks

27 waaks
and over

duration,
in waaki

duration,
in waaks

September 1982

i than 5 waaks
a parcant of
in group

16 weeks and over
as a peroent of
unemployed in (roup

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and managerial
Sales workers
Clerical workers

2,929
1,096
360
1,473

1,227
421
141
665

884
343
106
434

394
154
58
182

425
177
55
192

14.5
16.2
14,3
13.4

7.3
8,0
8.0
6.5

48.5
46.6
48.5
49.8

41.9
38.4
39.2
45.1

22.4
25.0
20.6
21.0

27.9
30-3
31.3
25.4

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives .
Nonfarm laborers

4,679
1,3C7
2,C88
385
899

1,595
472
677
137
309

1,278
347
570
80
281

750
196
368
62
123

,056
292
473
106
186

18.5
17.3
18-7
21.8
18.2

10.1
10,0
10.6
10.8
9.1

42.1
46.0
41.2
37.4
40.7

34.1
36.1
32.4
35-6
34.4

29.4
27.1
28.6
35.6
31.1

38.6
37.3
40.3
43.7
34.4

Service workers .

1,673

737

513

198

225

13.9

6.6

49.2

44.0

23.5

25.3

58
269
766
509
257
107
636
688
72

34
136
482
327
155
55
2 87
282
23

21
2 08
666
478
189
78
289
342
52

11.8
17.8
19.0
20.1
17.0
16.1
14.5
14.5
17.8

5.9
10.4
10.7
11.9
8.4
7.8
7.9
6.6
8.2

56.
46.
40.
38.
44.
37.
50.
47.
40.9

45-2
32.7
33.3
29.7
40.2
42.7
39.4
44.6
40.9

14. 1
26.7
28.9
31.8
24.5
27.3
22.5
25.4
26.6

26.8
37-8
40.0
43. V
34.2
31.7
28.8
26.3
30.1

468

180

110

12.7

7.8

50.1

40.3

18.9

22.9

INDUSTRY 1
207
909
2,871
1,869
1,003
420
1,998
2,369
247

Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries . . .
Public administration
No previous work experience
1

|

1,268

94
297
957
554
403
179
786
1,057
101
510

Includes wage and salary workers only.

A-20. Employed persons by industry, age, and sex
[In thousands]

Industry and age
Sept.

Sept.

Sept.

1982

1981

1982

100,389
6,758
2,671
4,087
14,087
65,111
28,520
20,417
16,175
11,476
7,113
4,363
2,956

99,851
6.152
2,274
3,878
13,614
65,402
28,284
21,172
15,946
11,684
7.147
4,537
3,000

57.656
3.582
1.430
2.152
7,539
37.820
16,535
11,801
9,483
6,899
4,227
2.672
1.816

56.335
3.124
1.119
2,004
7.126
37.362
16.087
12.047
9,228
6,925
4,246
2,680
1.798

42,733
3,176
1,241
1,935
6,548
27,292
11,985
8,615
6,691
4,577
2,886
1.691
1.141

43,516
3,029
1,155
1.874
6,487
28,039
12,196
9,126
6.717
4.75S
2,901
1,858
1,202

96 , 7 8 D
6,357
2 ,463
3 ,894
13 , 5 9 9
63 , 2 3 4
27 , 7 5 0
19 , 8 5 2
15 , 6 3 1
10 9 4 3
6 ,810
4,133
2 ,647

96,239
5,782
2,123
3,659
13,089
63.509
27,495
20,587
15.426
11.176
6.869
4,307
2,683

54.804
3.246
1.260
1.986
7.149
36.394
15.943
11.392
9.059
6,467
3,994
2.472
1,549

53.459
2.826
999
1.827
6,710
35,903
15,450
11,620
8,832
6,503
4,022
2,481
1,517

41.975
3,111
1.203
1,908
6,450
26,839
11,807
8,460
6,573
4,477
2,816
1,661
1.098

42,780
2,956
1,124
1,832
6,379
27,606
12,045
8,967
6,594
4,672
2,847
1,825
1,166

3,609
401
208
192
489
1,879
770
565
543
532
302
230
309

3,612
370
151
219
524
1,893
7 88
585
519
509
278
231
316

2,851
336
170
166
390

2,876
297
120
177
416
1,460
637
427
396
422
224
198
281

758
65
39
26
98
452
178
156
119
100
70
30
42

Sept.
1981

All industries
16 to 19 years
16 t o 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
Nonagricurtural industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 t o 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
66 years and over
Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
56 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
66 years and,over

22



1.425
592
409
425
433
233
200
267

Sept.
.1981

Sept.
1982

736
73
31
42
108
433
151
158
123
87
54
33
36.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-21.

Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age

[In thousands]

Males, 20 years and over

Total

Females, 20 yaars and ovar

Malas, 16-19 yaars

Females, 16-19 yean

Occupation

Sept.
1981

TOTAL

Blue-collar workers

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

100.389

99,851

54.074

53.212

39.557

40,487

3,582

3 , 124

3,176

3,029

52.728

53,715

24.052

24.169

26,460

27.376

563

587

1,653

1,583

16.535
3.198
3,258
10.079

16,867
3.207
3.277
10.383

9,139
1,053
971
7,115

9.173
1.013
982
7.178

7.260
2.129
2,274
2,857

7.552
2.181
2,281
3,090

58
4
3
51

60

11.661
9.617
900
1.145

11.789
9.893
865
1.031

8,444
6.921
590
933

8.332
6.915
591
826

3,116
2,598
307
211

3,338
2,861
274
203

60
57
2
1

65
65

6.327
3.261
3.066

6.390
3.177
3.214

3,218
1,022
2,196

3.337
1,061
2,276

2,453
1,650
803

2,480
1,651
829

233
189
43

18.204
4.904
13.300

18.668
4.857
13.811

3,251
85
3,166

3,328
82
3,246

13,630
4,564
9,066

14,006
4.568
9.438

212
1

31.610

29.495

23.878

22.501

5,561

5.237

211

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

77
11
11
55

83
15
15
53

42
42
1

55
54
1
1

210
151
60

423
399
24

363
313
50

252
2
250

1,111
255
856

1.082
206
876

60

1

1,475

312

2 83

306
47
76
118
8

36
3
2
3

—5

6
49

2
27

4
20

504
126
116
262

298
65
45
188

152
34
82
35

148
37
76
35

293
271
22

128
110
19

119
112
6

13
11
3

15
15

453
18
134
301

479
19
132
328

835
125
90
620

752
101
48
603

111
7
14
90

85

4.434

7.030

7,381

889

817

1,164

1.121

23
4.411
1.138
1.365
1.908

775
6,255
2.408
129
3.718

820
6.561
2.422
154
3.985

7
882
609
17
256

17
800
537
31
232

143
1,021
758
3
26 0

2,100

2.108

506

493

272

245

47

1.507

1,349

1.309

204

182

24

15

2

1

1,381
1.131
249

751
713
38

799
770
29

30 2
144
158

311
142
169

248
203
45

230
187
43

45
23
22

41
33
8

1,859

12.676
1.159
2.678
3,332
1.315

12.400
1.073
2.658
3.292
1,166

11,537
1,088
2,528
3,119
1.245

11.204
1.014
2.530
3.112
1.108

712
17
40
67
49

855
12
46
58
47

1,768
2,425

1.722
2.489

1.586
1,972

1.519
1.921

175
365

193
499

392
51
108
145
20
6
61

10,608
4,610
3,366
2,633

9.027
3.757
2.978
2,292

5.882
2,942
1,255
1.685

4.970
2.254
1.194
1.522

4.070
1.507
1.913
649

3.610
1,401
1,662
547

3,562
3,006
556

3,430
2,989
44 1

3.095
2.586
508

3.004
2.591
413

326
299
27

4,764
815
1,049
2,900

4.638
73 8
889
3.011

3.364
665
811
1,888

3,322
620
704
1.999

13.126

13.753

4.043

952
12.174
4.687
1.408
6.079

1.032
12.721
4,774
1,561
6,38 6

27
4.016
912
1,260
1,844

2.925

2.888

1.579
1,346
1,083
263

Blue-collar worker supervisors, not elsewhere




Sept.
1981

35
4
2

6
81

172
949
678
1 1
260
42

23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-22. Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
[Percent distribution]

Occupation and race

Sept1981

Sept.
1982

Sept1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

100,389
100,. 0

99,851
100.0

57,656
100.0

56,335
100.0

42.733
100.0

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

52.5
16.5
11.6
6.3
18. 1

53.8
16-9
11.8
6.4
18-7

42.7
16.0
14.7

43.9

65.8

6.0
6.0

16.4
14.9

17.2
7.4

6.3
6.4

6.7
34.5

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

31.5
12.6
10.6
3.5
4.7

29.5

9.0
3-4
4.6

44.6
20.7
11.1
5.6
7.3

42-6
20-4
9.4
5.5
7.2

13.7
1-8

Service workers
Private household workers
Other service workers

13. 1
12.1

13-8
1.0
12-7

8. 6
.1
8.5

9.3
.1
9.2

19.2
2.1
17.0

2.9
1.6
1.3

2-9
1.5
1.4

4.1
2.4
1.7

88,778
100.0

88,175
100.0

51,581
100-0

50.354
100-0

37,197
100.0

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

54. 1
16.8
12.4
6.7
18.2

55.5
17.4
12-6
6-8
18.7

44. 1
16.3
15.7

45.6
17-0
15.7

6.3
5.7

6-7
6.2

67.
17.
7.
7.
35-4

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

3 0.9
13. 1
10.0
3.4
4.4

29.0
12-9
8.4
3*. 4
4.3

43.9

21.3
10.6
5.3

41.7
21-0
8-8
5-3

6.7

6.6

Service workers
Private household workers
Other service workers

11.9
.7
11.2

12.4
.8
11.6

7.7
. 1
7.7

8.2

17.7
1.6
16.1

3. 1
1.7
1.4

3- 1
1-7
1-4

4.3
2.6
1.7

4.4
2.6
1. 8

1-4
.5
.9

11.611
100.0

11,676
100.0

6,075
100.0

5,981
100.0

5.537
100.0

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

40.8
14.3

40.9

31.0
12.9

3. 1
17.8

13.2
6. 1
3-1
18-6

30.
11.
7.
2.
7.

51.
15.
4.
3.
28.

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

35.8
8.8
15. 1
4.7
7.1

33.8
8-7
13.6
4-0
7-4

51.0
15.8
14.7
8-4
12.2

49.7
15.8
13.6
7-3
13-0

19.
1.
15.

Service workers
Private household workers
Other service workers

21.9
2.8
19.2

24-0
2-8
21-2

15.6
.1
15.5

18-2
-3
18.0

28.9
5.7
23.2

1. 5
.4
1-2

1.3
.2
1- 1

2. 1
.3
1.8

.6
.2
.4

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent

.9

Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers
Farm laborers and supervisors . . i

12.4

9.9

-8
1.3

1.3
.5
.8

Whit*
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent

Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers
Farm laborers and-supervisors

8.3

13.0
1.8
9.0
.8
1-3

Black and other
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent

Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers
Farm laborers and supervisors
1

Less than 0.05 percent.

24



5.6

6.8
3.0

8.3

2.4
.5
1-9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-23. Employed persons by age, sex, and class of worker
[In thousands]
September

1982

Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture

Wage and salary workers
Unpaid
family
workers

Self
employed

Private
household
workers

Wage and
salary
workers

Self
employed

family
workers

S.619
6.C99
3.720
2.083

1,212
275
191
84
151
154
141
148
203
103
99
139

15,534
314
58
256
1,322
4,398
3,962
3,035
2,140
1,377
763
364

71.653
5.078
1.816
3.262
11.245
21.081
14.535
10,656
7,476
4,619
2,857
1,580

7 ,456
99
50
49
352
1,793
1 ,846
1,508
1, 2 8 1
716
565
577

384
16
8
9
20
68
103
78
75
54
22
23

1.661
290
109
181
387
419
240
156
119
68
50
51

1.681
27
14
13
92
335
301
311
359
189
170
256

270
52
28
24
46
34
44
53
31
21
10
ID

Males, 16 years and over. .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

46.315
2,752
966
1.765
6,470
14,243
10,372
7.7S6
5,561
3.480
2,C81
1,121

225
101
73
28
48
25
18
7
9
4
5
16

7.520
142
27
115
568
2,073
1,917
1.519

5 ,103
64
28
36
228
1. 2 0 0
1. 2 4 8
1. 0 3 4

41

1,335

10
4
6
12
7

72
43
25
18
22
2

938
540
398
392

3
4
3
2
4

229
84
145
307
346
175
128
103
57
46
48

,468
26
12
14
87
289
252
268

1.106
707
399
195

40,570
2,508
866
1,643
5,854
12.145
8,438
6,270
4,445
2,768
1,677
910

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

40,084
2,915
1.C99
1.817
6.248
11.391
6.266
6.043
4.258
2.62C
1.639
962

988
174
118
56
102
130
124
141
194
99
95
123

8.013
172
31
141
754
2.325
2.045
1.515
1.034
670
364
168

31,083
2,570
951
1,619
5.392
8.936
6,097
4.387
3.031
1.851
1.180
670

2 ,353
35
22
13
123
593
598
475
343
176
167
185

344
6
3
3
8
61
103
76
71
51
20
19

326
61
25
37
80
73
65
28
16
11
4
3

Total, 16 years and over .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

86,399
5.667
2.C65
3,602
12.716
25.634
18,638

319
168
151
227
212
2
2

198
9
4
6
24
32
44
52
31
22
9
5

4
45
49
43
40
21
19
28

A-24. Employed persons by industry and occupation
[In thousands]
September

White-collar workers

1982

Blue-collar workers

Service workers

Industry

Total
employed

Profes­
sional and
technical
workers

Managers
and
adminis-

Sales
workers

Clerical
workers

Craft
and
kindred
workers

axcapt
farm

Operatives,
except
transport

Transport
equipment
operatives

Nonfarm
laborers

Private
household
workers

Other
service
workers

5.612
960
5,674
19,977
11.785
8,192

85
136
198
2,639
1,854
784

33
113
750
1,679
998
682

10
4
18
494
175
319

97
129
4 03
2,589
1,492
1,098

68
228
3.310
3.899
2,524
1,375

17
274
244
6,735
3,757
2,978

42
50
180
647
268
379

355
13
73 8
889
489
400

17
13
35
405
228
177

6,626
20,966
4.111
16.655

681
504
169
335

760
4,174
889
3,285

70
4.216
1.039
3,177

1,443
3,839
843
2.997

1,409
1,460
323
1 . 136

164
856
206
651

1,468
731
357
373

424
1.293
260
1,033

208
3,893
25
3,868

6.163
30.5C2
1.283
29,219
5,171

415
11,202
4
11.198
1.008

1,224
2.418
1
2.417
638

1,345
230

2.716
5.586
22
5.564
1.866

119
1,614
2
1,612
295

4
686
12
674
47

16
242
9
233
54

93
681
166
515
152

Transportation and public

Finance, insurance, and real




230
4

1.032
1,032

________

232
6,811
35
6,776
1,108

Farm
workers

2,888

-—
—
—
—
—
__
-—
—
-^
25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-25. Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
[In thousands]
Nonagricultural industries
All
industries

Wage and salary workers1
Total

Reason not working and sex

Sept.
1S81

Total, 16 years and over
Illness
Bad weather

Males, 16 years and over
Illness

Females, 16 years and over . . . .
Illness

1

Unpaid absences2

Paid absences?

Sept.
1981

Sept1982

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

5.4,78
3,186
1,303
37
30
922

4,922
2,633
1,270
46
58
916

5,357
3 , 142
1,278
27
30
880

4,825
2.608
1.232
36
58
891

3,083
2,355
530

2,578
1,901
505

1,750
557
658

1,632
467
637

197

172

534

528

2,924
1,717
736
472

2,593
1,429
673
491

2,828
1,68 3
717
428

2,519
1,407
643
468

1,748
1.343
312
93

1,447
1,099
282
65

753
202
346
205

691
174
295
2 22

2.554
1,47C
567
517

2,329
1,204
596
529

2,529
1,459
561
509

2,306
1,200
589
516

1,335
1,013
219
103

1,131
801
223
107

997
355
312
329

940
2 92
342
306

3Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.

Excludes private household workers.

2

Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial dispute; these categories
are included in "all other reasons."

NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased because of high re­
sponse variance, data should be used with caution.

A-26. Persons at work by hours of work and industry
September

1982

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Hours of work

All
industries

Nonagri­
cultural
industries

Agri­
culture

All
industries

Nonagri­
cultural
industries

Agri­
culture

94,929

91.415

3,514

100.0

100.0

100.0

23,890
950
4,627
11,799
6,514

22,775
882
4,356
11,247
6,290

1.114
68
2 70
552
224

25.2
1.0
4.9
12.4
6.9

24.9
1.0
4.8
12.3
6.9

31.7
1.9
7.7
15.7

71,039
6.960
40.341
23 , 73 8
8,782
8,435
6,521

68.639
6.852
39.762
22.025
8.540
7.917
5.568

2,400
109
580
1.711
241
518
952

74.8
7.3
42.5
25.0
9.3
8.9
6.9

75. 1
7.5
43.5
24.1
9.3
8.7
6.1

68.3
3.1
16. 5
48.7
6. 9
14. 7
27. 1

38.3

38. 1

43.8

43.2

42. 8

53.2

6. 4

Average hours, workers on full-time

26



—

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-27. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours and usual status
[Numbers in thousands]

September

1982
Nonagricultural industries

All industries
Reason for working less than 35 hours
Usually
work
part time

Usually
work
full time

Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
t
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons

A-28.

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

23,890

6.740

17.150

22.775

6.422

16*354

6.267
3.349
64
214
104
2.536

2.432
2.050
64
214
104

3,835
1.299

5.924
3,112
63
201
97
2,450

2.286
1.925
63
201
97

3.638
1.187

17.622
11.026
1,053
1.617
2 76
62
112
1.559
1.917

4.308

13.314
11.026

4.137

12,716
10,563

1.373

1.559
544

16.853
10,563
1,029
,555
192
62
112
,521
,818

1,337

1,521
481

2U7
20.4

24.6
26-2

19-9
18.5

21.8
20.5

24.7
26.3

20.0
18.6

1.971
4.543

1.158
2.296

813
2.247

1,877
4,413

1.102
2.234

775
2,179

2.536

1.053
1.432
276
62
112

185

2,450

1,029
1.405
192
62
112

150

Nonagricultural workers by industry and f u l l - or part-time status

[Numbers in thousands]

September

1982

Full- or part-time status
Average
hours,
total
at work

Industry
On full-time schedules
On part time
for economic
reasons

Total, 16 years and over . . . .
Wage and salary workers
Construction

On
voluntary
part time

40 hours
or less

SI ,415

5.924

12,716

72.775

64,.146

5,251

11.299

67,596

48,400

41 to 48
hours

49 hours
or more

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

8,540

13,485

38.1

42.8

7,982

11.214

37.9

42.4

4..467

407

206

3.854

2,798

453

603

39. 1

42-1

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

1€. 584
11. 000
7, 584

1.040
519
521

534
2 09
325

12,442
7,665
4,777

2,225
1,251
974

2.343
1.356
987

40.5
40.8
40.0

42.0
41.9
42.2

Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

5, 879
ie« 014

361
4.140
484

3,788

5,377

223
1.592
142

17,010
10.272
6,738
5,295
12,282
4,751

7,"9 95
3,687

578
1,716
450

929
2,571
614

40.7
35.8
38.7

43.0
43.1
41-1

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

26, 020
1,170
24, 850
4, 928

1,692
272
1.420
105

5,257
561
4.696

13,764
240
13,524
3,464

1,968
29
1,939
462

3,339
68
3.271
594

35.9
21.6
36.6
40. 1

42.3

3 03

19.071
337
18.734
4.520

.884
384

646
27

1.257
159

4.981
198

2,213
137

534
24

2,234
37

40.4
33.4

48.9
44.0

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1

42.3

Includes mining, not shown separately.




27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-29.

Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status

[Numbers in thousands]

September 1982
On full-time schedules
Sex, age, race, and marital status

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part time

Average
hours,
total
at work

40 hours
or less

41 hours
or more

22,025
1,036
348
16
333
21.677
2.395
19.284
12.712
6.274
298
16.420
725
233
16
216
16.187
1.689
14.498
9,563
4,729
205

38.1
28.6
24.4
16.1
29.2
39.0
36.2
39.5
40.0
39.6
28.7

TOTAL

415
,168
617
065
,553
,798
,617
,181
,885
843
453

5,924
1,168
658
134
524
5,265
1,217
4,049
2,587
1,336
127

12,716
4,052
3,061
1,772
1,289
9,654
1,875
7,778
4,114
2,493
1,172

72.775
4.948
1,898
159
1,740
70.879
9.525
61,354
39.184
21.014
1,154

50,750
3,912
1,550
143
1.407
49,202
7,130
42.070
26,472
14,740
856

Males, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

50,940
4,999
2,737
972
1,765
48,204
6,496
41,708
25,947
14,381
1,380

2,770
559
302
70
232
2,467
619
1,848
1,203
587
60

3,682
1,800
1.383
805
578
2,298
761
1.538
505
419
614

44.488
2,640
1.052
97
955
43,439
5,116
38,322
24,239
13,375
706

28,068
1,915
819
81
739
27,252
3,427
23,824
14,676
8,646
501

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

40,475
5,168
2,881
1,093
1,788
37,594
6,121
31.473
19,938
10,'462
1,073

3,154
609
356
64
292
2,799
598
2,200
1,384
74 9
67

9,034
2,253
1.678
967
711
7.356
1.114
6.242
.3.609
2.074
559

28.287
2.306
847
62
785
27,439
4,409
23,031
14,945
7,639
447

22,681
1,995
732
62
669
21,948
3,703
18,246
11,795
6.093
356

5,606
311
115
116
5,491
706
4.785
3,150
1,546
91

34.3
27.1
23.2
15.4
28.0
35.2
34.3
35.4
35.8
35.4
26.5

White
Males
Females

60,605
45,438
35,167

4,837
2,272
2.566

11.665
3.338
8,327

64,103
39.828
24,274

43.692
24,480
19,211

20,411
15,348
5,063

38.2
41.4
34.2

Black and other
Males
Females

10,810
5,502
5,308

1,085
498
589

1,050
344
707

8.675
4,660
4,012

7,060
3,587
3,468

1,615
1,073
544

37.0
38.7
35.3

Males, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

34,877
4.412
11,651

1,390
299
1,081

1,150
224
2,307

32.331
3,889
8.263

19,632
2,541
5,896

12,705
1,348
2.367

42.9
41.4
35-5

Females, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

22,441
7,925
10,108

1.601
644
908

5.358
1.029
2.647

15.482
6,252
6.553

12,572
4,778
5,332

2.910
1.474
1.221

34.2
37.0
32.5

Both sexes, 16 years and over
16 to 21 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

41.1
30.2
25.7
17.0
30.6
42-0
38.1
42.5
43.2
42.6
30.5

RACE

MARITAL STATUS

28



HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-30. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
[Numbers in thousands]
September

1982

On full-time schedules
Occupation and sex
On part time
for economic
reasons

On valuntary
Total

40 hours
or less

41 to 48
hours

49 hours
or more

Average
hours, total
at work

92.115

6.003

12,870

73.242

50,987

8,588

13.667

38.1

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers

51,186
16,155
11,249
6,068
17,713

1.882
431
179
422
849

7,154
1,916
544
1,405
3,289

42.150
13,808
10,526
4.241
13.575

28,265
8,999
5,233
2,545
11,490

4.804
1.647
1.430
531
1.195

9.081
3.162
3.863
1,165
890

39-1
40.0
45.0
36.4
35.3

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

27,866
11,724
8,533
3.199
4,411

2,578
784
922
258
614

1,783
395
397
243
74 7

23.505
10.545
7.214
2.698
3.050

16,840
7,282
5,581
1,589
2,390

3.081
1,444
926
374
338

3,584
1,819
707
735
322

39.0
40.7
38.6
41.4
33-9

Service workers
Private household
Other service workers

13,063
991
12,071

1,543
193
1.350

3,933
496
3,43 8

7.587
302
7.283

5,882
212
5,669

703
27
676

1,002
63
938

32.1
23.2
32.9

Total, 16 years and over

51,444

2,829

3,758

44.857

28.248

5,774

10,835

41-0

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers

23.758
8,887
8,055
3,416
3.400

507
155
113
119
120

1,495
500
225
390
380

21.756
8.232
7.717
2,907
2,900

12.073
4.921
3,417
1,567
2,169

2,785
937
1,088
400
359

6,898
2,374
3,212
940
372

43.3
42.9
46.6
41.3
38.6

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

22,681
10,888
5,007
2,910
3.877

1,921
728
413
224
557

1,242
292
183
140
627

19,518
9.868
4.411
2.546
2.693

13,546
6.745
3,246
467
,089

2,638
1,371
610
360
297

3,334
1,752
555
719
3 07

39.7
41.0
39.7
42.5
34.1

5.005
38
4.967

401
13
388

1.021
20
1,000

3.583
5
3,579

,629
1
,628

351
2
350

6 03
2
601

36.2
17.3
36.4

40,671

3,174

9,113

28.384

22,739

2,814

2,831

34.3

27,428
7,267
3.194
2.652
14,314

1.375
276
67
303
730

5,659
1,416
319
1,015
2,909

20.394
5,575
2.808
1.334
10.675

16,192
4,077
1,814
977
9,322

2.019
710
342
131
836

2,183
788
652
226
517

35.4
36.4
40.9
30.1
34.6

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

5,185
836
3,526
2 89
534

657
56
509
34
57

541
103
214
103
121

3.987
677
2.803
152
356

3,294
536
2,335
122
301

443
73
316
14
41

250
68
152
16
14

36.
36.
36.
30.
32.

Service workers
Private household
Other service workers

8,058
954
7, 104

1.142
180
962

2,913
475
2.43 8

4.003
299
3,704

3,253
213
3,041

352
25
327

398
61
336

29.6
23-4
30.4

Males, 16 years and over

Service workers
Private household
Other service workers
Females, 16 years and over
White-collar workers
,
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers




29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-31. Employment status of 14- and 15-year-olds by sex and race
|Numbers in thousands]

_______^___

September 1982
Black and other

Employment status

ivilian noninstitutional population

7,141

3,636

3,505

5,895

3,016

2,878

1,246

620

Civilian labor force
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1,C55
878
105
774
176
16.7

550
446
88
357
104
18.9

505
43 3
16
416
73
14-5

1,003
849
104
745
154
15-4

526
430

478
419
17
402
59
12.3

51

29

24
16

28
14

29
22

1
15
8

14
14

Not in labor force
Keeping house
Going to school
Unable to work
All other reasons

6,C86
17
5.S17
2
150

3,086
8
2,979

3,000
9
2,938
4
49

4,891
12

2,491

4,765
2

2,413

112

73

100

88
342

96
18.3

6

(D

2,401
6
2,353
4
38

(D

1,195
5
1,152

596
2
567

599
3
585

38

27

11

Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-32. Employed 14- and 15-year-olds by class of worker, occupation, and sex

September
Class of worker and occupation

1982

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

CLASS OF WORKER

878

446

433

774
680
312
9
358
86
8
105
57
27
20

357
299
64
6
229
57
2
88
47
27
15

416
381
248
3
129
29
6
16
10
1
6

878

446

White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . . . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers

273
13
3
214
43

178
5
2
156
15

Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

142
5
2
136

131
1
3

Service workers
Private household workers
Other service workers

Total
Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers
Private household workers
Government workers
Other wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Agriculture
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

100.0
88.3
77.5
3 5.6
1.0
40.8
9.8
-9
12.0
6.5
3. 1
2.3

100.0
79.9
66.9
14.3
1.3
51.2 '
12.8
.4
19.7
10.5
6.0
3.4

96 3
88 2
57 4
7
9.9
6-7
1.4
3.7
2.3
.2
1-4

OCCUPATION
Total

Farm workers
Farmers and farm managers
Farm laborers and supervisors

30



95
8
58
28

100.0

100.0

100.^)

31- 1
1.5
.3
24.3
4.9

39.8
1.1
-4
34.9
3.4

21.9
1.8

16.2

29.3
.2
.7

2.5

13.4
6.5

128

2
2
8

.6
.2
15.5

28.6

395
264
131

81
14
67

314
250
65

44.9
30,0
14.9

18.1
3. 1
15.0

72.5
57.7
15.0

68

56

12

7.7

12.5

2.8

68

56

12

7.7

12.5

2.8

.5
.5
1.8

HOUSEHOLD DATA
8EA80NALLY ADJUSTED
A - 3 3 . Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]

1S61

1982

Employment status, sex,
and age

Sept.

Apr.

July

May

Auq.

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population ' . . . .
Armed Forces !
Civilian noninstitutional population i .
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population
Employed
Percent of total population . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries....
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

172,^58 172,966 173,155 173.330 173,495 173,657 173,843 174,020 174,201 174,364 174,544 174,707
2,164
2.156
2,158
2.165
2,168
2.175
2,176
2,159
2.175
2,180
2,173
2,196
1 7 0 . 5 9 3 170.8C9 170,996 171. 166 171,335 171,489 171.667 171,844 172,026 172,190 172,364 172,511
1 0 8 , 4 9 a 109.012 109,272 109,184 108,879 109,165 109,346 109,648 110.666 110,191 110,522 110,644
63-8
63.8
63.9
63.7
63-6
63.7
63.5
63.8
64. 1
64.3
64.0
64.1
9 9 , 5 9 0 9 9 , 4 9 2 9 9 , 3 4 0 100,117 9 9 , 7 6 4
100.258 100,343 100,172 9 9 . 6 1 3 9 9 , 5 8 1
99,732 99,839
58.0
57.9
57.3
57.5
57.1
5 8-0
57.2
57.4
57.1
57.5
57-2
57.1
3,378
3,372
3,373
3.209
3.358
3.349
3,309
3,411
3.460
3,488
3,357
3,435
9 6 . 9 0 0 S6.S65 56,800 9 6 . 4 0 4 96,170 9 6 , 2 1 7 96,144 9 6 , 0 3 2 9 6 . 6 2 9 9 6 . 4 0 6
96.272 96,404
£.669
9,100
9,571
9,575
8.236
9 . 8 5 4 10,307
9,298
10.549 10.427 10,790 10.805
8.0
8.3
8-8
9.4
8.8
9.0
8.5
9.8
9.5
9.5
9.8
62.C99 61.7S7 61,724 6 1 , 9 8 2 6 2 , 4 5 6 62,324 62,321 62,197 61,360 6 1 , 9 9 9
61,842 61.867

Males, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population ' . . . .
Civilian noninstitutional population 1 . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population .
Employed
Percent of total population . . ,
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

74.382
72.670
57.262
78-8
53,693
72.2
2.383
51,310
3.569
6.2
15.408

74.502
72.795
57,355
76.8
53,504
71.8
2,413
51.091
3.651
6.7
15.440

74,610
72,921
57,459
78.8
53,354
71.5
2,382
50,972
4,105
7.1
15.462

74,714
73,020
57,665
79.0
53,122
71.1
2,311
50,811
4,543
7.9
15,355

74.810
73.120
57,368
78.5
53,047
70.9
2,390
50,657
4,322
7.5
15,752

74,906
73,209
57,448
78.5
53,097
70-9
2,386
50,711
4,351
7.6
15.761

75,015
73,287
57,554
78.5
53,006
70.7
2,377
50,629
4,548
7.9
15,733

75,121
73,392
57,730
78.7
52,988
70.5
2,382
50,606
4,742
8.2
15,662

lb,221
73,499
58,164
79.1
53,260
70.8
2,464
50,796
4,904
8.4
15,335

75,323
73,585
58,016
78.8
52,985
70.3
2,424
50,561
5,031
8.7
15,569

75,429
73,685
58,084
78.8
52,996
70.3
2,474
50,522
5,088
8.8
15,601

75.531
73,774
58,026
78.7
52,887
70-0
2,436
50,451
5,139
8.9
15,748

81,546
81.792
42,344
51.8
39,426
48.1
6C8
38,818
2,£18
6.9
39,448

82.C74
81.920
42.831
52.3
3S.614
48.5
5S6
39.218
3.C17
7.0
3S.C8S

82.193
82,038
42,987
52.4
3S.878
48.5
63 5
35,243
3,109
7.2
39,051

82,306
82,151
42.888
52.2
39,713
48.3
572
39,141
3,175
7.4
39,263

82,415
82,260
42,868
52- 1
39,764
48.2
64 9
39,115
3.104
7.2
39,392

82,523
82,367
43,031
52.2
39,744
48.2
628
39,116
3.286
7.6
39,336

82,640
82,478
43,243
52.4
3 9.807
48.2
636
39.172
3.435
7.9
39,235

82,753
82,591
43,301
52.4
39,715
48.0
601
39,114
3,586
8.3
39,290

82,868
82,707
43,683
52.8
40,075
48.4
634
39,441
3.608
8.3
39,024

82.976
82,811
43.904
53.0
40.350
48.6
581
39.769
3.554
8. 1
38.907

83,091
82,926
44,076
53.2
40,392
48.6
600
39,791
3.684
8.4
38,850

83,201
83,035
44,115
53.1
40,490
48.7
589
39.901
3,626
8-2
38.920

16.429
16.131
8,888
55.1
7,139
43-5
367
6,772
1.749
1S-7
7,243

16.390
16.093
8.826
54.6
7.C25
42-9
36S
6,656
1,801
20.4
7,267

16,351
16,03 7
8,826
55.0
6,940
42-4
355
6,585
1.886
21.4
7,211

16,310
15,995
8.631
54.0
6,778
41.6
326
6,452
1.853
21.5
7,364

16,269
15,955
8,643
54.2
6,771
41.6
373
6,398
1,87 2
21.7
7,312

16,228
15,913
8,686
54.6
6,748
41.6
359
6,389
1,938
22.3
7,227

16,188
15,902
8,549
53.8
6,679
41.3
336
6,343
1,870
21.9
7,353

16, 146
15,861
8,616
54.3
6,637
41.1
326
6,311
1,979
23,0
7,245

16,106
15,820
8,819
55.7
6,782
42. 1
390
6,392
2,037
23.1
7,001

16,065
15,794
8,271
52.4
6,429
40.0
3 53
6,076
1,842
22.3
7,523

16,024
15,753
8,362
53.1
6.344
39.6
386
5.958
2.018
24.1
7.391

15,976
15.702
8,503
54.2
6,463
40.5
411
6,052
2,040
24.0
7,199

Females, 20 years and over
Total norvinstitutional population '
Civilian noninstitutional population ' . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population.
Employed
Percent of total population . . .
Agriculture
Nonagribultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both taxes, 16-19 years
Total noninstitutional population '
Civilian noninstitutional population ' . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population.
Employed
Percent of total population. . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

1

The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variations.




NOTE: Detail for the household data shown in tables A-33 through A-42 will not neces­
sarily add to totals, because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34.

Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

1981
Full- and part-time
status

Apr-

Sept.

July

May

Sept.

FULLTIME
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

92,601 9 3 , 3 5 9 9 3 , 6 0 7 9 3 , 8 5 6 93,129 93,421 9 3 , 8 6 0 9 3 , 8 9 0 94,619 9 3 , 9 8 4 9 4 , 3 4 8 9 4 , 4 0 4 9 4 , 6 9 0
8 6 , 0 4 4 86,155 8 6 , 0 6 2 8 5 , 7 2 9 85,324 65,523 8 5 , 5 0 5 8 5 , 2 8 9 85,903 85,112 8 5 , 4 0 6 8 5 , 3 3 7 85,091
6,"<57 7,204 7 , 5 4 5 8,127 7,805 7,897 8 , 3 5 5 8,601 8,717 8,873 8,942 9 , 0 6 7 9 , 5 9 9
9.2
9.2
9.4
9.6
10-1
8.9
9.5
8.7
8. 1
7-3
7-7
8-4
8.5

PART TIME
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

15.662 15,690 15,721 15,399 15,853 15,632 15,470 15,836 15,911 16,167 16,215 16,225 16,287
14,160 14,198 14,125 13,982 14,337 13,951 13,926 14, 112 14,237 14,584 14,371 14.552 14,579
1,544
1,724
1,583
1,844
1,672
1,417
1,674
1,708
1,502
1,681
1,492
1,596
1,515
11.4
10.3
10.0
10.9
9.8
9-2
10.8
10.5
10.5
9-6
9-5
10.2
9.6

NOTE: Persons on part-time schedules for economic reasons are included in the full-time
employed category; unemployed persons are allocated by whether seeking full- or part-time work.

A-35.

E m p l o y m e n t s t a t u s by race, s e x , and a g e , s e a s o n a l l y a d j u s t e d

[Numbers in thousands]

1981

1982

Race, sex, and age

Sept-

Oct

Jan-

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Auq.

Sept-

WHITE
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

9 4 , 6 8 4 |95,365 9 5 , 5 3 5 9 5 . 3 2 9 85.120 195,333 95,508 96,015 9 6 , 6 4 1 9 6 , 2 2 3 £ 6 , 4 9 3 96,414 9 6 , 7 6 2
|88,628 8 8 , 7 3 4 88,498 |88,010 |87,955 ^ 7 , 9 9 0 |87,956 |87,988 (88,450 ^8.173 8,137 88,133 88,020
6 , 2 5 6 6,631 7,037 7,319 7.165 7 , 3 4 4 7 , 5 5 2 8,026
,191 8,050 8 , 3 5 6 8,281 8,742
7.4
7-0
7.9
8.4
7.7
7.7
6.6
7.5
9.0
8.7
8.6
8.5
8.4

Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

50,712 50,811 50,881 5 0 . 9 4 8 50,757 50,812 5 0 , 9 0 3 51,124 51,394 51.252 51,292 51,269 51,607
[47,546 |47,790 4 7 , 6 4 9 |47,449 47,410 W7,430 W7,351 |47,393 |47,535 ^ 7 . 3 0 0 U7,256 47,202 47,163
2 , 7 6 4 3,021 3 , 2 3 2 3 , 4 9 9 3,347 3,382 3,552 3,731 3.859 3 . 9 5 2 4 , 0 3 7 4.067 4,444
7.0
5.9
7.7
6.7
6.4
6.9
7.3
6-6
5.5
7-9
7.5
7.9
8-6

Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

3 6 , 2 9 4 3 6 , 7 4 2 3 6 , 8 3 2 |36,733 3 6 , 6 9 8 3 6 , 8 6 0 3 7 , 0 3 8 P7,179 37.428 37,619 3 7 , 8 4 5 37.716 3 7 , 7 0 8
|34,155 |34,517 34,513 3 4 , 3 6 8 |34,380 |34,427 |34,475 3 4 , 4 8 9 |34.6 82 (34.944 £ 5 , 0 6 7 35.033 3 4 , 9 3 0
2 , 139 2,225 2,319 2 . 3 6 5 2,319 2 . 4 3 3 2 , 5 6 4 2,690 2 , 7 4 6 2 . 6 7 5 2 . 7 7 7 2 . 6 8 3
2,777
7. 1
6-3
6.4
6-1
5-S
7.4
7. 1
7.3
6.3
7.3
6.6
6.9
7.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

7,878
6,525
1.353
17.2

7,812
6,427
1,385
17.7

7,822
6,336
1,486
19.0

7,648
6.193
1.455
19.0

7,665
6, 166
1,499
19.6

7,662
6,133
1,529
20.0

7,567
6,130
1,437
19.0

7,712
6,106
1,606
20.8

7,819
6,233
1,586
20.3

7.352
5.929
1,423
19.4

7.356
5,814
1,542
21.0

7.429
5.899
1,530
20.6

7,447
5,927
1,520
20.4

BLACK AND OTHER
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

13,617 13,697 13,757 13.773 13,704 13,857 13,810 13,768 14,097 13,947 rt4,027 14,232 1 4 , 2 8 2
11,607 11,611 11,661 11,610 11,632 11,653 |11,515 11,446 11,669 11,560 |l 1,594 11,738 11,687
2,010 2 , 0 86 2 , 0 9 6 2,163 2,072 2.204 2 , 2 9 4
2,322 2 , 4 2 9 2,387 2,433 2 , 4 9 4
2,595
14-8
16.6
16.9
17. 1
15.7
15.9
17.2
15.1
15.2
17.3
17.5
18.2
15-2

Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,551
5,715
836
12-8

6,573
5,711
862
13-1

6,595
5,694
901
13-7

6,614
5,647
967
14.6

6,563
5,630
933
14.2

6.649
5.688
961
14.5

6,620
5,622
998
15.1

6,704
5,667
1,037
15.5

6,759
5,709
1,050
15.5

6,762
5,688
1,075
15.9

6,784
5,720
1,063
15.7

6,797
5,703
1,093
16. 1

6,876
5,662
1,213
17.6

Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,065
5,261
804
13.2

6,096
5,301
795
13.0

6,147
5,359
788
12-8

6,163
5,355
808
13-1

6, 152
5,388
764
12.4

6. 163
5.338
826
13.4

6,199
5,321
878
14.2

6, 145
5,248
897
14.6

6,324
5,407
917
14.5

6.273
5,387
887
14.1

6,247
5,350
897
14.4

6,370
5,474
896
14. 1

6.341
5,436
905
14.3

981
611
370
37-7

1,028
599
429
41.7

1,015
608
407
40. 1

996
608
3 88
39-0

989
614
375
37.9

1.044
627
417
39.9

991
573
418
42.2

919
531
388
42.2

1,014
553
461
45.5

912
486
426
46.7

997
524
473
47.4

1,066
561
505
47.4

1,066
589
477
44.7

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

32



HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36.

Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

[Unemployment rates]

Feb.

Sept- Oct

Apr-

July

Aug.

Sept.

9.8
8.9
8.2
24-0

10.1
9.6
8.3
23.7

CHARACTERISTIC

7.6
6.2
6.9
19.7

8.0
6.7
7.0
20.4

8.3
7-1
7-2
21.4

8.8
7.9
7.4
21-5

8-5
7.5
7.2
21-7

8.8
7.6
7.6
22.3

9.0
7.9
7.9
21-9

9.4
8.2
8.3
23.0

9.5
8.4
8.3
23.1

22.

9.8
8.8
8.4
24. 1

White
Black and other

6-6
14.8

7.0
15.2

7.4
15.2

7.7
15.7

7.5
15-1

7-7
15.9

7.9
16.6

8.4
16.9

8.5
17.2

8.4
17-1

8.7
17.3

8.6
17.5

9.0
18.2

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

4.4
6.0
10.7

4.8
6.1
10.6

5.2
6.5
10-8

5.-7
6.6
10-5

5-3
6-2
10.4

5.3
7.0
10.2

5.5
7.1
10.6

6.0
7.8
11.5

6.1
7.4
11.8

6.5
7.0
12.4

6.6
7.4
12.0

6-7
7.1
11.6

7.3
7.5
12.4

7.3
9.6
2.1
8.5

7.7
9.5
2. 1
9.1

8.1
10.2
2.2
9.5

8-7
9.2
2-2
10-1

8.4
9-6
2.2
10.0

8.5
10.8
2.5
9.8

8.9
10.0
2.7
10.4

9.2
10.9
2.7
10.4

9-2
10.5
3.0
11.1

9.4
9.8
3.3
10.2

9.5
11.4
3.2
10.7

9.6
10.3
3.3
10-7

10.1
10.5
3.5
11.7

4.1
2.8
2.7
5.0
5.8
0.2
7.7
1-6
8.7
4.6
9.0
4.0

4.1
2-6
2.8
4-9
6.0

4.
2.
3.
5.
6.
11
8.
14.
10-4
16.0
9-7
6.2

4-5
3.4
3.1
4-9

4.2
2.9
2.7
4.5
6.3
12.5
9.0
15.4
10.2
16.9
9.2
6-9

4.8
3.2
3.0
5.8
6.9
12-9
9.1
15.9
10.4
17.9
10.2
5.4

4.9
3.2
3.3
5.6
7.2
13.7
9.6
16.9
10.7
19-2
11.1
5.8

4.8
3.3
3.5
5.2
6.8
13-5
9.4
16-5
11.8
18.3
11.3
8.3

5.0
3-3
3.8
5.8
6.9
13.9
10.3
16.7
13.0
17-9
9-9
7.2

4
3
3
5,
6
14
10.9
17.4
11.6
18.6
10.5
6. 1

4.8
3.1
3.8
5
6
14
10
17
12
17
10.6
6.9

4.8
3.2
3.6
5.4
6.
15.
11.
20.
11.
19.
10.

8.4
17.8
9.4
9-5
9.3
5.5
8.6
6.1
5.2
14.1

9-1
18-1
11-0
11-8
9-6
6.0
8-9
6-4
5-0
14.8

9.5
17.9
10.8
10.8
10.8
5.6
10.3
6.9
4.9
14.0

9.9
19,-4
11-3
11.9
10.5
7.0
10. 1
7.0
5.3
14.6

9.9
18-8
11.6
12,
10.
6.
10,
6.
5.
18.

10,
19
12,
13
11
6,
9
6.8
4.6
16.3

10.2
20.3
12.0
12.7
11.0
6.1
10.5
7.0
4.6
13.8

10.1
20.3
12.1
12.9
10.8
7.0
9.8
7.0
4.6
14.3

10.7
22.6
13.8
14.9
12.3
6.9
9.8
6.8
4.9
12.5

Total (all civilian workers)
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost 2
OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Cr^aft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

12-8
8.0
15.6
9-3
6.2

5.1

INDUSTRY

7-7
6-3
7.9
7-7
8.3
4-2
8.5
6.0
4.7
1-0

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

8. 1
17.6
8.6
8

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.

9.0
18.1
10.6
11.3
9.5
5-9
9.0
6.5
5.2
12-8

as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.

Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part-time for economic reasons

A 37.

8.8
18.7
10-4
11.0
9.5
6.4
8.7
5.9
4.8
16.2

Includes mining, not shown separately.

Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers In thousands]

1982
Weeks of unemployment

Sept.

Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Avciage ttneaiU duration, in wuuk:
Median duration, in weeks

3 , f 29

Oct.

2,565
2.248
1.146
1.102

3,707
2,686
2.292
1,166
1,126

13-7
6.S

13.6
6.8

100.0
42-2
3C.9
26-9
13.7
13.2

100.0
42-7
30.9
26-4
13-4
13.0

Nov.

3,852
2,882
2,364
1,229
1,135
13. 1
6.9

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr

4,037
3,016
2.372
1.189
1,183

3,852
3,068
2,399
1,210
1,190

3,789
3,052
2,724
1.445
1,278

3^825
3,078
2,954
1,605
1,349

3,958
3.304
3.015
1.508
1.507

3,874
3,320
3,286
1,634
1,652

3,543
3.458
3.673
1.826
1.84 7

3,990
3,161
3,580
1,792
1,788

3.923
3,304
3.631
1,810
1,821

4,038
3,595
3,870
1,856
2,014

12.8
6.7

13-5
7.2

14. 1
7.3

13.9
7.6

14.2
8.5

14.6
9.0

16.5
9-8

15.6
8.3

16.2
8.2

16-6
9.5

100-0
42-8
32.0
25.2
12.6
12.6

100.0
41.3
3 2.9
25.7
13.0
12-8

100.0
39.6
31.9
28.5
15.1
13.4

100.0
38.8
31.2
30-0
16.3
13.7

100.0
3 8.5
32. 1
29-3
14.7
14.7

100.0
37.0
31.7
31.4
15.6
15.8

100.0
33.2
32.4
34.4
17.1
17.3

100.0
37.2
29.5
33.4
16.7
16.7

100.
36.
30.
33.
16.
16.8

July

Sept.

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




100.0
42.3
31.7
26.0
13.5
12.5

100.0
35.1
31.3
33.6
16. 1
17.5

33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38.

Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

1982
S e p t . O c t . (Nov. Dec

July

Auq.

Sept.

8.0

8.3

8.8

8.5

8.8

9.0

9.4

9.5

9.5

9.8

9.8

10.1

19.7
21.4
18.5
12.3
5.4
5.8
3.8

20.4
21.5
20.0
12.7
5.7
6.2
3.8

21.4
22.6
20.5
13.0
6.0
6.5
3-8

21.5
21-9
21.2
13.5
6.5
6.9
4.1

21.7
21-9
21-3
13.5
6.3
6.7
4.2

22.3
22.7
22.0
14. 1
6.4
6-8
4.3

21.9
22-7
21-3
14.2
6.8
7.3
4.6

23.0
24.6
21.9
14.7
7.0
7.4
5.0

23-1
25-3
21.3
14-3
7-1
7.7
4.8

22-3
23.7
21.9
14.4
7.4
7.7
5.4

24.1
26. 1
22.8
14.5
7.5
7.9

23.
26.
21.
15.
7.
8.6
5.1

7.3

7.7

9.0

8.6

8.7

9.0

9.4

9.6

9-7

24.0
25.8
22.6
15.2
7.3
7.8
5.1
10.0

19.9
21.5
18.7
13.1
5.0
5.5
3.5

20.1
21.1
19.3
13.8
5-5
5.9
3.7

22.3
22.6
22.2
14.8
6.5
6.9
4.4

22.1
23.0
21.4
14.9
6.3
6.7
4.3

22.5
23.0
22.1
15.4
6.3
6.7
4.2

23.5
24.3
22.9
15.7
6.6
7.1
4.8

24.4
24.7
24.3
16.0
6.9
7.2
5-1

24.0
26-3
21.9
15.5
6.9
7.5
4.7

24.2
25.8
24-0
15.8
7-5
8.0
5.0

25.
27.
23.
16.
7.
8.
5.

25.3
29.6
22.6
17.4
8.2
9.1
5.4

8.4

8.9

9.0

9.4

9.5

9.1

25. 1
28.1
23.4
15.9
7.5
8. 1
4.8
9.6

6.3
6.7
4.1

22.1
22.5
21.9
12.7
6.5
7.0
4.3

20.1
20.8
19.6
12.6
7.0
7.6
4.3

21.3
24.5
19.4
13.3
7.2
7.7
4.8

22.1
24.1
2 0.6
12.9
7.4
8.0
5.0

20.2
21.4
19.7
12.9
7.2
7.4
6.0

23.1
24.1
22.2
12.9
7.4
7.7
6.0

22.
24.
21.
13.
7.
7.5
4.6

21.9
23.9
20.6
12.9
7.4
8.0
4.7

Males, 16 years and over...
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

A-39.

May

7.6

Total, 16 years and o v e r . . .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Apr.

21.8
22.7
21.0
14.4
5.8
6.3
3.7

8.0

8.2

8.4

8.5

19.5
21.2
18.3
11.4
6.0
6.3
4.3

20.7
21.9
20.6
11.5
6.1
6.5
4.0

20-9
22-5
19.9
11.3
6.4
6.8
3.8

20.5
21.1
20.0
12.0
6.4
6.9
3.7

5.2
9.9

10.7

9.5

Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands!

1981

1982

Reason for unemployment

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

4,426
1,452
2.S74
921
2,C58
S77

4.573
1,631
2,942
976
2,178
1,002

4,905
1,826
3,079
916
2,339
996

100.0
52.8
17.3
35.5
11.0
24.6
11.7

100.0
52.4
18.7
33.7
11.2
25.0
11.5

4.1
.8
1.9
.9

4-2
-9
2-0
-9

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr

May

June

July

Auq.

5,343
2,042
3,301
923
2,244
1,021

5,205
1,860
3,345
835
2,079
1,055

5.153
1,740
3,413
964
2,277
1.100

5,622
1,828
3,794
885
2,249
1,044

5,906
1,946
3.959
937
2.365
1.081

5.901
1.969
3.932
874
2.438
1,154

6,302
2,071
4.231
813
2.372
1.088

6.177
2,079
4.098
813
2.528
1,249

6,347
2,180
4.167
806
2,440
1,328

7,073
2,669
4.404
767
2.415
1.326

100.0
53.6
19.9
33.6
10.0
25.5
10.9

100.0
56.1
21-4
34.6
9.7
23.5
10.7

100.0
56.7
20.3
36,-5
9.1
22.7
11.5

100.0
54.3
18.3
35.9
10.2
24-0
11-6

100.0
57.4
18.7
38.7
9.0
22.9
10.7

100.0
57-4
18-9
38.5
9-1
23-0
10.5

100.0
56.9
19.0
37.9
8-4
23.5
11.1

100.0
59.6
19.6
40.0
7.7
22.4
10.3

100.0
57.4
19.3
38.1
7.5
23.5
11.6

100.0
58.1
20.0
38.2
7.4
22.3
12.2

100.0
61.1
23.0
38.0
6.6
20.8
11.4

4.8
-8
1.9
1-0

4-7
-9
2-1
1-0

5. 1
.8
2. 1
1.0

5.4
.9
2.2
1.0

5.3

2. 1
.9

4.9
.8
2.1
.9

5.7
.7
2.2
1.0

5.6
.7
2.3
1. 1

5.7
.7
2.2
1.2

6.4
.7
2.2
1.2

Sept.

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Both sexes, 16 years and over:
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

34



2.2
1-0

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A 4 0 . Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]

1S81

1982

Sex and age

Sept.
Total, 16 years and
over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years . .
18 to 19 years . .
2Q to 24 years
25 years and over . .
25 to 54 years . .
55 years and over

Jan.

Feb.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aucj.

Sept.

|100.258

1CC,343 (10C,172

99,613

99,581

99.590

99,492

9 9 . 3 4 0 100.117

99,764

99,732

99,839

99,720

7,139
2,836
4,326
14,C66
79,028
64.676
14,372

7.C25
2.76S
4,26C
14,078
79,228
64,629
14,377

6,940
2,768
4,192
13.970
79,202
64,868
14,337

6,778
2,703
4,088
13,935
78,881
64,567
14,332

6,771
2,70 5
4.065
13,816
78,960
64.722
14,282

6,748
2.690
4,067
13,788
79,045
64.853
14,158

679
642
060
13.811
78,978
64,648
14,299

6,637
2,610
4,027
13.730
78,973
64,670
14,298

6,782
2,629
4.167
13,820
79,509
65,069
14.449

6,429
2,389
4,013
13,778
79,598
65,197
14,379

6,344
2,342
3,998
13,723
79,696
65,345
14,392

6,463
2,397
4,061
13.642
79.784
65.483
14,327

6,523
2,438
4,103
13,593
79,587
64,980
14,610

57,471

57,266

57,051

56.725

56,629

56.658

56,472

56.401

56.820

56,223

56,192

56,210

56,148

3,778
1.533
2,266
7.523
46,160
37,519
8,658

3,762
1,522
2,241
7,449
46,046
37,406
8,621

3,697
1,495
2,208
7,373
45,940
37,364
8,590

3.603
1.448
2,163
7,380
45,709
37.092
8,608

3,58 2
1.446
2.134
7,321
45,686
37,127
8,582

3.561
1,439
2.123
7.288
45,786
37.235
8,523

3.466
1,387
2,094
7,246
45,762
37.173
8.578

3,412
1,385
2,020
7,208
45,782
37,194
8,591

3,560
1.417
2.158
7,281
45,967
37.351
8.641

3.238
1,237
1,985
7,194
45,838
37,227
8,629

3.196
1.174
2,023
7,237
45,764
37,189
8.576

3,323
1,244
2,069
7,175
45,744
37,269
8,463

3,320
1.222
2,112
7,097
45,717
37,059
8,662

42,787

43,077

43,121

42,888

42.952

42,932

43,020

42,940

43.297

43,541

43.540

43.630

43,572

3,361
1.303
2,C60
6,563
32,868
27,157
5.714

3,263
1,247
2,C19
6,629

3,243
1,273
1,984
6,597
33,262
27,504
5,747

3,175
1,255
1,925
6.555
33.172
27,475
5,724

3,189
1.259
1.931
6,495
33.274
27,595
5,701

3.187
1,251
1,944
6,500
33,259
27,618
5,635

3,213
1.255
1,966
6,565
33,216
27,475
5,721

3,225
1,225
2,007
6,523
33.192
27.476
5.707

3,222
1,212
2,009
6,539
33,542
27,718
5.808

3.191
1,152
2.028

6.584
33,760
27,970
5,750

3.148
1, 168
1.975
6,486
33.932
28,155
5,816

3.140
1,153
1,992
6,467
34,040
28,214
5,863

3.203
1.216
1,991
6,496
33.870
27,921
5,948

May

June

July

Auq.

Sept-

Males, 16 years and

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years . .
18 to 19 years . .
20 to 24 years
25 years and over . .
25 to 54 years . .
55 years and over
Females, 16 years and
over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years . . .
18 to 19 years . . .
20 to 24 years
25 years and over . .
25 to 54 years . .
55 years and over

33,182
27,423

5,756

A 41. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
[In thousands)

1S81

1982

Sex and age

Sept.

Oct-

Kov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

|

Total, 16 years and
over

8,236

£.669

S,100

9,571

9.29 8

9,575

9.854

10.307

10.549

10.427

10,790

10,805

11,260

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over . .

1,749
772
S83
1,S72
4,540
4,010
572

1.801
757
1.062
2,C54
4,828
4,255
574

1,886
808
1,080
2,088
5,091
4.536
562

1,853
759
1.098
2,168
5,481
4,804
620

1.872
760
1.098
2,161
5,282
4,649
62 4

1,938
792
1.149
2,271
5,401
4,756
630

1.870
775
1.099
2,293
5.748
5,066
691

1.979
851
1,130
2,374
5,962
5.186
752

2.037
891
1.126
2,303
6,095
5.428
732

1.842
742
1.126
2.321
6,326
5,474
824

2,018
829
1,182
2,335
6.428
5.625
797

2,040
834
1,184
2,454
6,288
5,543
770

2.025
896
1,133
2,458
6.799
6,112
789

Males, 16 years and
over

4.506

4,798

5.133

5,578

5,338

5,384

5,610

5.846

6.029

6,065

6 . 161

6,250

6.704

16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over. . .

S37
421
521
1,131
2,455
2,173
317

S47
408
537
1,1S4
2,670
2,346
333

1,028
438
587
1.245
2,83 4
2.522
333

1,035
424
616
1,278
3.199
2.762
397

1,016
433
581
1,284
3.055
2.662
383

1,033
429
604
1.324
3.071
2,675
377

1,062
445
621
1.346
3,247
2,820
431

1.104
454
647
1,377
3,383
2,895
461

1 . 125
506
606
1.333
3.422
3.031
428

1,034
429
628
1,347
3,726
3,225
457

1,073
458
618
1,371
3.698
3,265
428

1,111
466
633
1,426
3,726
3,259
485

1,125
514
616
1,495
4,103
3,691
493

Females, 16 years and
over

3,730

3,£71

3.967

3.993

3,960

4.191

4.243

4,461

4.520

4,362

4.629

4,555

4,556

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over . . . .
25 to 54 years
55 years and over . . .

612
351
462
£41
2,C85
1.637
255

£54
34S
525
£60
2,158
1,SC9
241

858
370
493
843
2.257
2,014
229

818
335
482
890
2.282
2.042
223

85 6
32 7
517
877
2.228
1.987
241

905
363
545
947
2.330
2.081
253

808
330
478
947
2.501
2.246
260

875
397
483
998
2.578
2,291
291

912
385
520
969
2.673
2.397
304

808
313
498
974
2.600
2.249
367

945
371
564
964
2.730
2,360
369

929
368
551
1,02 8
2,562
2,284
285

900
382
517
963
2,696
2,421
296

16 to 19 years




35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-42.

Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

1981

1982

Category

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

Hay

June

July

Auq.

CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present

100258 1 0 0 3 4 3 100172 9 9 . 6 1 3 9 9 , 5 8 1 99.590 9 9 . 4 9 2 9 9 . 3 4 0 100117 99.764 9 9 , 7 3 2 9 9 . 8 3 9
3 8 . 8 5 5 3 8 , 7 4 6 138,553 3 8 . 3 4 2 3 8 , 2 3 4 38.255 3 8 . 1 8 1 3 8 . 1 4 2 38,312 38,354 3 8 , 2 1 3 3 8 . 1 8 4
2 3 , 6 2 6 2 3 , 8 7 4 23,820 2 3 . 6 9 1 2 3 . 7 4 4 23.727 2 3 , 9 0 0 2 3 . 8 3 1 24,213 24,401 2 4 . 2 2 3 2 4 , 3 0 0

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators,
except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers .
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment
operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

9C8 5 3 , 1 9 9 | 5 3 , 0 8 6 5 3 , 0 84 52,836 5 2 . 8 4 1 52,763 5 3 . 1 7 7 53,705 53,586 ( 5 3 . 6 8 5 53.750
598 1 6 , 6 8 1 1 6 , 6 5 7 1 6 . 7 7 4 16.803 1 6 , 6 1 2 16,659 1 6 , 8 4 4 16.818 17.053 1 7 . 2 9 2 17.023
,533
441
336
,266
14
,524

1 1 , 6 1 6 1 1 . 4 6 1 1 1 , 4 2 4 1 1 . 0 9 1 11.253 1 1 , 3 1 1 11.501 1 1 . 5 4 1 1 1 . 5 0 4 1 1 . 3 5 5 11.613
6,450
6.520
6,400
6.544 6 , 6 3 7
6.603 6 . 5 8 7
6.547
6,418
6.677
6.567
1 8 , 5 0 2 1 8 , 5 5 0 1 8 . 4 3 6 1 8 . 4 2 3 18.432 1 8 . 1 5 5 18.229 1 8 , 7 5 9 1 8 . 4 8 2 1 8 . 4 7 1 18,437
3 0 , 9 5 3 | 3 0 , 6 8 3 3 0 . 3 4 4 3 0 . 2 0 3 30.309 3 0 , 4 1 6 29.924 2 9 , 9 2 6 2 9 . 7 1 6 [ 2 9 . 6 0 9 29,465
1 2 , 4 4 6 1 2 , 4 1 1 1 2 . 4 4 6 1 2 . 3 7 0 12.454 1 2 . 5 1 1 12.492 1 2 , 3 1 6 1 2 . 2 0 7 1 2 . 2 2 9 12,342
9.966
10,410 10.220 10.169
9.955 9 . 8 6 0
9.688 9 , 5 8 5
9,655
9,257
9,453

506 3 . 5 8 0
,722
4,517
3S1 1 3 , 5 2 5
.743
2,770

3,438
4,614
13,670
2.802

3,368
4,361
13,639
2,660

3.415
4.451
13.709
2.817

3.503
4.397
13,612
2.787

1,502
1,631
261

1,436
1.641
321

1,352
1,602
228

1.377
1.674
380

1.426
1,596
359

3,400 3 . 4 1 9
3.397
4.648
4.343 4.607
1 3 . 5 2 6 13,555 1 3 . 7 3 8
2.710
2,623 2 . 7 3 1

3.414 3 . 4 3 9
4,441
4.488
13,791 1 3 . 6 3 4
2,660 2 . 7 5 0

3,268
4,598
13,926
2.71 1

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,461
1,643
256

Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

89,376
15,475
73,901
1,102
72,799
7,217
399

89,460
15,491
73.969
1,162
72,807
7,152
451

1.416
1.644
277

1,423
1,664
270

1,541
1.698
236

1.431
1.676
251

1.530
1.674
250

1,568
1,613
254

|89,238 88.991 88.759 88.586 8 8 , 5 2 6
15,397 15.585 15.578 15.527 15.492
|73,841 73,406 73.181 73.059 (73.034
1.204
1,291
1.161
1.225
1.248
172,637 7 2 . 1 1 5 7 1 . 9 3 2 7 1 . 8 9 8 7 1 . 8 0 9
7,141
6.971
7.057
7.055
7.126
425
410
410
408
434

88.322
15,453
72,869
1.192
71.677
7,264
413

89.051
15.422
73.629
1.202
72.427
7.269
382

88.606
15.635
72.970
1,201
71,770
7.319
397

(88.541
15.443
(73.098
1.200
71,898
7,268
390

88,737
15.569
73,168
1,242
71.927
7.352
409

PERSONS AT WORK 1
Nonagricultural industries
Full-time schedules
Part-time for economic reasons
Usually work full-time
Usually work part-time
Part time for noneconomic
reasons

9 0 , 8 7 8 91.384 9 1 , 3 2 3 90.922 9 0 . 1 2 5 90.892 90,548 90,596 9 1 . 2 8 2 9 1 . 0 2 0 9 0 , 5 0 1 90.508
73,794 73,886 | 7 3 , 9 1 5 7 3 , 3 6 0 7 2 , 8 0 3 73.028 72,649 72,335 73.036 72.662 7 2 , 4 3 0 72.112
5.648
5.492
5.444
5,834 5,763
5,717
5,071
5.563
5.288
4,656
5,009 5,026
2.054
2.064
2.001
2.223 2 . 2 1 1
2,237
2.193
1,783
2.121
1.945
1,759
2,006
3.380
3.594|
3.491
3.552
3,480
3.611
3.370
3,287
3.167
2,897
3,003 3 . 0 8 1
12,428

12,489 1 2 , 3 8 2

12.274

1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons
as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

36



12,251

12.300

12,183

12.427 1 2 . 4 8 3

12.914

12.579

12.748

Sept

HOUSEHOLD DATA
A-43. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Civilian labor force

Veteran status
and age

Unemployed

Civilian
noninstitutionai
population

Percent
of

Employed

Sept.
1981

Sept1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

8.596
1.316
1,440
i.259
2.617
1.282

€.711
7.C88
1.152
2.647
3.089
1.623

8,178
7.047
1.337
3.161
2,549
1.131

8.210
6.790
1.090
2.719
2,981
1.420

7.789
6,706
1,248
3.019
2,439
1,083

7,589
6.245
965
2.490
2.790
1,344

389
341
89
142
110
48

621
545
125
229
191
76

4.8
4.8
6.7
4.5
4.3
4.2

17.416
7,931
£.595
3.89C

18.415
8.225
6.C7S
4.111

16,475
7,483
5,319
3,673

17.440
7.748
5.782
3.910

15.551
6.997
5.026
3.528

15.843
6.926
5.298
3.619

924
486
293
145

1,597
822
484
291

5.6
6.5
5.5
3.9

Sept.
1981

Sept.
1982

Sept.
1981

VETERANS
Total, 25 years and over
25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 years and over
NONVETERANS
Total. 25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years

NOTE: Vietnam-era veterans are males who served in the Armed Forces between August 5, 1964
and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are males who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data
are limited to those 25 to 39 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the




Vietnam-era veteran population.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A - 4 4 . Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
1579

1980

1981

Employment status,
sex, age, and race

TOTAL

167,267 168.146 166,848 169.506 170.222 170,816 171,403
Total noninstitutional populationl
2.C88
2.091
2,111
Armed Forcesx
2.091
2.086
2,121
2,124
1
Civilian noninstitutional population . .. 165,200 166.055 166.762 167.415 168,111 1 6 8 , 6 9 3 169,279
105,264
.'Civilian labor force
105,572 106.454 106,771 107.204 107,523 108, 107
63.7
Percent of civilian population .
63-8
63.8
63,8
63,8
63-7
63.9
99,112 99,653 55.784 9 8 . 9 5 3 9 9 . 0 0 6 9 9 , 4 9 8 100.125
Employed
59-2
58-4
59.3
59.1
Percent of total population . . .
58.2
58.2
58.4
3,371
3,377
3,374
Agriculture
3.331
3.349
3.406
3.378
95,741 S6.275 56.411 9 5 . 6 2 2 9 5 . 6 5 7 9 6 , 0 9 2 9 6 . 7 4 7
Nonagricultural industries
6,.152
6,319
6,670
Unemployed
7.818
8.198
8.025
7.982
5.-8
6.0
6.3
^Unemployment rate
7.3
7.6
7.5
7-4

171,966
2,129
169.837
108.835
64. 1
100.784
58.6
3.408
97,377
8,050
7.4

172.567
2.155
170.413
108,667
63.8
100,654
58.3
3.368
97,286
8,013
7.4

173,150 173.665 174,195
2,160
2,175
2,168
170,990 171,497 172,020
109,156 109. 130 110,168
63.8
64.0
63.6
100,043 99,554 9 9 , 7 4 0
57.8
57.3
57.3
3,320
3,385
3,378
96.723 96.177 96,355
9.113
10,428
9.576
8.3
9.5
8.8

Males, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1.. .
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population .
Employed
Percent of total population . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

71,548
69.867
55,753
79.8
53,437
74.7
2,405
51,032
2,316
H.2

71,564
70.291
55,558
75.6
53,496
74.3
2.431
51.067
2,461
4-4

72,293
70,640
56,221
79.6
53.478
74.0
2.449
51.029
2.743
4.9

72.620
70.963
56.404
79.5
52.887
72-8
2.374
50,514
3,517
6.2

72.984
71.313
56.602
79.4
52.849
72. 4
2.372
50,477
3.753
6.6

73,309
71.634
56.770
79.3
53.211
72.6
2.391
50.820
3.559
6-3

73.609
71.946
56.882
79.1
53.448
72.6
2.370
51.078
3.435
6.0

73,928
72,251
57,243
79.2
53,767
72-7
2,396
51,371
3,476
6.1

74,272
72,567
57,228
78.9
53,786
72.4
2.396
51.390
3,442
6.0

74.609
72.912
57.493
78.9
53.327
71.5
2.369
50.958
4.166
7.2

74,910
73.205
57.457
78.5
53,050
70.8
2.384
50.666
4.407
7.7

75.224
73,492
57,970
78.9
53,078
70.6
2,423
50,654
4,892
8.4

78,799
78.679
39,949
5C-8
37,669
4 7.8
2,280
5-7

79.248
75,126
40.381
51-0
36,085
46-1
2.295
5.7

79.631
75.506
40,719
51-2
36.351
48.2
2.368
5-8

79,998
79.869
40.973
51.3
38.349
4 7.9
.2.624
6.4

80,400
80.266
41.257
51.4
38.564
48.0
2.693
6. 5

80.754
80.616
41.492
51-5
38.714
47.9
2.778
6.7

81.108
80.966
41.986
51-9
39.202
48.3
2.785
6.6

81,458
81.312
42.507
52.3
39.677
48.7
2.830
6.7

81,826
81.675
42.564
52.1
39.692
48.5
2.872
6.7

82.191
82,036
42,902
52-3
39.802
48.4
3.100
7.2

82.526
82.368
43.047
52.3
39,772
48.2
3.275
7.6

82,866
82,703
43,629
52.8
40,047
48.3
3,583
8.2

16,942
16.€53
9.562
57.4
8.C05
47-3
1,556
16-3

16,533
16,637
9,633
57,-9
6.C70
47.7
1,563
16-2

16.924
16.616
5.513
57.3
7.955
47-0
1,558
16-4

16.888
16.584
9.394
56.6
7,717
45.7
1.677
17.9

16.837
16.532
9,345
56.5
7.593
45. 1
1.752
18.7

16.752
16.442
9.260
56.3
7,573
45.2
1,687
18.2

16.686
16.367
9.238
56.4
7.476
44.8
1 .762
19.1

16,580
16,275
9,084
55.8
7,341
44.3
1 ,744
19.2

16.469
16. 171
8.875
54.9
7,176
43.6
1,699
19. 1

16.350
16.042
8.761
54.6
6.914
42.3
1.847
21.1

16,228
15.923
8.626
54.2
6.733
41.5
1.893
21.9

16,106
15,825
8,569
54.1
6,616
41.1
1,953
22.8

Females, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1. ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population .
Employed
Percent of total population ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1...
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population .
Employed
Percent of total population ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
White
Total noninstitutional population1
145,826 146,529 146.926 147,469
Civilian noninstitutional population1. .. 144,184 144,695 145.308 145,855
Civilian labor force
92, 144 52,795 5 3 . 2 7 7 93,550
Percent of civilian population .
64.C
64-2
64.1
6 3.9
Employed
87.422 67,558 88.183 8 7 , 4 6 6
Percent of total population . . .
60.0
59.3
60.0
59.9
Unemployed
4,637
5.094
6.084
4.722
Unemployment rate
5-5
5.2
6.5
5.1

148.068 148,528 148,779 149,305 149,816 150.302 150,599 150,969
1 4 6 . 4 3 9 146.889 147.148 147,671 148, 164 148,650 148,943 149,309
9 3 . 7 3 8 94.016 9 4 . 5 4 7 95,251 9 5 , 0 5 8 95.410 9 5 , 3 2 0 9 6 , 2 9 3
64.0
64-0
64.3
64.5
64.2
64.0
64.2
64.5
87.388 87.846 88.381 8 9 , 0 3 9 8 9 , 0 0 6
88,414 8 7 . 9 6 7 88,204
59.0
59.1
59.4
5 9.6
59.4
58.4
58.8
58-4
6,350
6.170
6 . 166
6,212
6,051
7.354
6,996
8.089
6-8
6.6
6.5
6-5
6.4
8.4
7.3
7.7

Black and other
0

Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1...
Civilian labor force
Percent of civilian population .
Employed
Percent of total population . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

21,462
21,015
13,095
62-3
11.667
54,4
1.428
10-9

21,618
21,160
13.187
62.3
11,705
54.1
1,482
11.2

21,923
21,454
13,175
61-4
11,616
53.0
1,559
11.8

22.036
21.561
13.251
61.5
11.496
52.2
1.755
13.2

The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variations.

38



22.154
21.671
13.458
62. 1
11,606
52-4
1,853
13.8

22.288
21.805
13.489
61.9
11,632
52.2
1.857
13-8

22.624
22.131
13.530
61.1
11.744
51.9
1.786
13.2

22,661
22,166
13,616
61.4
11.750
51.9
1.865
13.7

22,751
22,249
13,596
61.1
11,634
51.1
1,962
14.4

22.849
22.341
13,742
61.5
11.627
50.9
2,115
15.4

23,066
22.554
13,790
61.1
11,600
50.3
2. 190
15-9

23.226
22,711
13,938
61.4
11,558
49.8
2,379

NOTE: Detail for the household data shown in tables A-44 through A-53 will not necessarily
add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

17.1

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A - 4 5 . Full- and p a r t - t i m e s t a t u s of t h e c i v i l i a n labor force by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]

1979
Full- and part-time status,
sex, and age

1980

1981

III

II

II

FULLTIME
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

89,725 9 0 , 3 6 4 9 0 , 6 0 1 91,193 91,559 92.001 9 2 . 4 0 2 9 2 , 8 9 2 9 2 . 8 5 0 J93,607 9 3 . 4 7 0 9 4 , 1 6 5
84.S16 85.391 8 5 , 2 9 7 8 4 , 7 8 6 84,735 85.310 8 5 , 8 3 5 [86,342 8 6 , 3 4 3 85,982 85.451 85,435
4,80S 4 . 9 7 3 5 , 3 0 5 6 , 4 0 7 6,824 6.691 6 , 5 6 7 6 , 5 5 0
6 , 5 0 7 7 , 6 2 5 8.019 8,730
5.4
5.5
5.9
7.0
7.5
7.1
7.3
7.1
7.0
8.1
8.6
9.3

Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5 2 . S C 7 5 3 , 0 9 9 53,216 5 3 , 5 0 6 5 3 . 7 9 0 5 3 . 9 4 4 5 3 , 9 5 0 54,387 54,330 5 4 , 6 3 3 54.450 5 4 , 9 2 3
5C.774 5 0 , 8 0 9 5 0 , 6 6 2 50,221 |50.197 5 0 . 5 5 2 50,715 |51,145 51,110 |50,696 50.275 5 0 , 3 3 2
2,134 2 . 2 8 9
2 , 5 5 4 3,285 3 , 5 9 3 3 . 3 9 3 3,235 3,242 3.222 3 . 9 3 7
4.175 4,592
4.3
4.0
4.8
6.1
6.3
6.0
8.4
7.2
6.0
5.9
6.7
7.7

Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

31,633 32,028 32.261 3 2 , 6 6 3 J32,847 33.120 3 3 , 5 4 9 |33,780 33.886 3 4 . 2 9 8 3 4 . 3 9 7 34,888
2S,631 30,231 30,403 30.521 [30.626 30,804 31,225 31,465 31.556 131,681 31.671 31,884
1,603 1,797 1,858 2.142 2,221 2,316 2,323 2,314 2.330 2,618 2.727 3,004
5-7
5.6
5.8
6.8
6.6
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.9
7.6
7.9
8.6

Both sexes, 16-19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,184
4,312
872
16.8

5,237
4.350
887
16.9

5,123
4,232
893
17.4

5.023
4,044
980
19.5

4,922
3,912
1,010
20.5

4,936
3.954
962
19.9

4,904
3,895
1,009
20.6

4,725
3,732
994
21.0

4,632
3,677
956
20.6

4,675
3,605
1,070
22.9

4,622
3.505
1.117
24.2

4,353
3,21S
1,134
26. 1

PART TIME
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

15,595 15,608 15,813 15,566 15,736 15.529 15,670 15,917 15,847 15,603 15.652 15,971
14,251 14,264 14,443 14,180 14,365 14.179 14,242 14,437 14,341 14,102 14.072 14,311
1,344
1.344
1,371 1,386
1,371 1.350
1,427
1,506
1.480
1.502
1.580
1,660
6.6
8.6
8.9
8.7
8.7
8.7
9.1
10.4
9.5
9.3
9.6
10.1

t

....

2,835
2,*41
195
6.9

2,871
2,693
178
6.2

2,948
2,761
187
6.3

2.921
2.720
201
6.9

2,821
2,642
179
6.4

2,846
2.665
181
6.4

2.887
2.685
202
7.0

2.876
2.673
203
7.1

2,904
2,664
240
8-3

2.876
2.638
238
8.3

2.947
2.705
242
8.2

3.029
2,773
256
8.4

Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate . . . .

8,342
7,875
467
5.6

8,335
7,845
490
5.9

8,478
7,962
517
6.1

8.294
7,807
487
5.9

8,419
7,964
455
5.. 4

8,355
7,891
464
5.6

8,455
7,984
471
5.6

8,715
8.192
524
6.0

8,688
8,158
530
6.1

8.594
8.108
486
5.7

8.670
8,110
559
6.5

8,728
8,145
583
6.7

4,417
3,735
662
15.4

4,402
3.726
676
15.4

4,387
3,720
667
15.2

4,351
3.652
699
16.1

4,496
3.759
737
16.4

4.328
3.623
704
16.3

4,328
3,573
754
17.4

4,326
3.572
753
17.4

4,255
3,518
736
17.3

4,133
3.356
777
18.8

4.035
3.256
779
19.3

4,215
3,392
822
19.5

Both sexes, 16-19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

....

1
Persons on part-time schedules for economic reasons are included in the full-time em­
ployed category; unemployed persons are allocated by whether seeking full- or part-time work.




39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-46

Employment status by r a c e , sex, and age, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands)

1979

1980

1981

1982

Employment status,
race, sex, and age

WHITE
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

92* 114 92,795 93,277 93.550 93.738 94.016 94,547 95.251 [95,058 95,410 95.320 96,293
87,422 87 t 958 88,183 87.466 87.388 87.846 [88,381 89.039 89,006 88,414 87.967 88.204
4.722 4,837 5.094 6.084 6.350 6,170 6,166 6,212 6.051 6,996 7.354 8.089
5.2
5.1
6.5
6.5
6.5
6.6
6.8
5.5
6.4
7.7
7.3
8.4

Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

49,406 49.587 49.863 50.062 50,148 50,289 50,3 83 50.757 50.704 50.880 50.824 51,257
47,554 47,684 47,739 47,282 47.189 47.480 47,665 48.034 48,052 47,629 47.397* 47.410
1,903 2.124 2,780 2.959 2.809 2.718 2.723 2.652 3.251 3.427 3,847
1,812
5.9
3.8
3.7
5.4
5.4
5.6
5.6
4.3
6.4
5.2
6.7
7.5

Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

34,263 34,639 34.960 35.143 35.332 35.528 35.979 [36,454 36.487 36.769 36,865 37.409
32,562 32,913 33,174 33,169 33,289 J33.472 [33.910 34,341
34.390 34,466 34,427 34.705
1,701 1,726
1.975 2.043 2.056 2.068
1,786
2,113
2,097 2.303 2,438 2,704
5-C
5.6
5.0
5. 1
5-8
7.2
5.8
5-8
5.7
6.6
6.3
5.7
8,475

7,266
1,2C8
14.3

8,569
7,361
1,208
14.1

8.454
7.270
1,184
14.0

8.345
7.015
1.330
15.9

8.257
6.910
1.347
16.3

8,198

8.185

6.806

8,040
6,664

7.867
6,565

7.761

6.893
1.305
15.9

1.379
16.9

1.376
17. 1

1.303
16.6

1.442
18.6

6.319

7,631
6. 143
1.488
19.5

7,628
6,089
1,538
20.2

BLACK AND OTHER
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .

40



13,0S5 13,187 13,175 13.251 13.458 13.489 13.530 13.616 13.596 13.742 13,790 13,936
11,667 11,705 11.616 11.496 11.606 11.632 11,744 11.750 11.634 11,627 11,600 11,558
1,428
1.755
1.559
1.865
1 . 853 1.857
1,962 2.115 2,190 2,379
1,786
1,482
1C.9
13.8
13.2
11.8
13.7
14.4
13,8
15.4
13.2
17.1
15.9
11.2

6,347

6,356

5,832
515
8,1

5,801
8.7

9-6

5,677

5,756

5,103
574
10.1

5,188

568
9.9

5.756
5.181
574
10.0

5,837
5.174
11.4

10.9

1,C71
,732

1,075
717
358
33.3

1.075
701
374
34,8

1.050

1.080
684

339

31.6

556

6.345
5.733
611

6.364
5.628
736
11.6

6 63

6 95
355
33.8

6.463
5.652
811
12.5

5.916
5.270
646

396
36.6

5,716
751
11.6

6,484
5,784
700
10.8

6,508
5,752

6,5 30
5,727

6,594
5,684

11.6

803
12.3

910
13.8

5.962

5.992

5.241
721
12.1

5.286

706

6,060
5,327
732

6,078
5,305
773

6,135
5.338

11.8

12.1

12.7

13,0

1.060

1,054

1,048

988
602

1.013

6.467

676
384

36.2

673

381
36.1

756

671
377

36.0

3 86

39.0

797

605
408
40.3

6,611

5,647
964
14.6

6,742
5,688
1.054
15-6

5,349
823

6,247
5,347
900

13.3

14.4

1,008

948
523
425
44.8

6,171

605
403
40.0

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-47. Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
[Unemployment rates]

1979

1980

1982

Category

III

II

III

IV

7.5
6.3
6.7
18.2

II

III

IV

7.4
6-1
6-7
19.2

7.4
6-0
6.7
19.1

8.3
7.2
7.2
21. 1

8.8
7.7
7.6
21.9

6.5
13.7

6.4
14.4

7.3
15.4

7.7
15.9

CHARACTERISTIC

5-8
4-2
5.7
16-3

6.0
4.4
5.7
16.2

6.3
4.9
5.8
16-4

6.4
17.9

7.6
6.6
6.5
18.7

5. 1
10.9

5.2
11.2

5.5
11.8

6.5
13-2

6.8
13.8

6.6
13.8

7.4
6-0
6,6
19.1
6.5
13.2

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

2-8
5.1
8.1

3.0
5.1
8.4

3.4
5.3
8.8

4.4
5.9
8.7

4.8
6,-1
9.1

4.4
5.9
10.1

4. 1
5.9
9.9

4.0
5.8
10.3

4.1
5.7
10.7

5.2
6.4
10.6

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over'
Labor force time lost 2

5.4
8.6
1. 1
6.3

5.5
8.6
1.2
6.5

5.9
8.7
1.3
6.8

7.0
8-9
1.6
8.1

7.5
8.7
2.0
8.3

7.3
8.7
2.2
8.3

7.1
9.1
2.2
8.2

7.1
9.3
2- 1
8.2

7.0
9.5
2.0
8.1

8. 1
9.6
2- 1
9.6

8.6
10.1
2.5
10.1

3.4
2-5
2.2
3.8
4.7
7.0
4.4
8.6
5.6
1.0
7.0
4-1

3.3
2.4
2.1
3.8
4.6
7.5
4.8
9.2
5.6
11.7
6.9
4.5

3.4
2.3
2.2
4.3
4.7
8,2
5-3
9.8
6.9
12.8
7.2
4.3

3-7
2.5
2.5
4.6
5.3
10.5
7.1
13.0
9.0
15.0
8.0
4.8

3.8
2-5
2.5
4.2
5.5
11.1
7.6
13.5
10.0
15.8
8.3
4.9

3.9
2.6
2.5
4.5
5.6
0.6
7.1
2.9
9.9
4.8
8.2
4-3

3.9
2.7
2.5
4.2
5.6
10.1
7.1
12,0
8-9
14.7
8.4
5.0

4.0
2.9
2.6
4.4
5.6
9.8
7.1
11.5

4.0
2.7
2.7
4.9
5.7
9.7
7.2
11.3
8-0
14-0
8.6
4.7

4.3
2.9

4.5
3. )
2.9
5.0
6-6
12.6
8.8

6.3
12.0
6.8
6-7
6.9
4.2
6.6
4.8
4.0
10.0

7.7
15.3
9-0
9-8
8.0
4.9
7.5
5*4
4.0
11.4

7.9
16.1
9.4
10.1
8,3
5.6
7.7
5-6
4.2

7.7
14.2
9.0
9.2
8.6
5.2
7.9
5.6
4,3
10.8

7.5
14.0
8,4
8,4
8.4
5.7
7.7
5.8
4.4
11.8

7.4
15.4
7.6
7.3
8.1
5.4
7.8
5.8
4.7
11.2

Total (all civilian workers)
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years
White
Black and other

fci

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

11.8
8.7
14. 1
9.6
16.2
9.5
6.3

5,8

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers 3
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

5.8
9-4
5.8
5.2
6.8
3-8
6.5
5-0
3.6
9.8

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part-tir ; for economic reasons




11.7

7.4
15.9
7.4
7. 1
7.9
4.4
8-1
5.8
4.6
11.3

8.5
17.8

8.6
6.2
5.0
14.1

6.5
4.9
14.3

as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
3

Includes mining, not shown separately.

41

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A - 4 8 . Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands)
1980

1S79

1982

1981

Weeks of unemployment

III

IV

DURATION
Both sexes, 16 years and over:
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean duration, in weeks . .
Median duration, in weeks

3,047
1,544
1.163
653
£10

3,046

10.5
5.4

10.6
5.5

100.0
4S.5
31.6
18.9
10.6
€.3

100.0
48.5
31.7
19.8
11.2
8.6

1,994
1,245
705
540

3,132
2.163
1.385
825

3,351
2,685
2,146
1,229
917

3.196
2,455
2,347
1,235
1,113

3.278
2.370
2.327
1.084
1.243

3.290
2.500
2.260
1.112
1.148

3.393
2.455
2,212
1.107
1,105

3,865
2..861
2,343
1,195
1.148

3.822
3.066
2,692
1,420
1,272

3,792
3,361
3.325
1.656
1.669

3,984
3,353
3,694
1,819
1,875

14.1
7.2

13.8
7.2

14.0
7.0

13.2

6.8

13.8
7.4

15. 1
9.1

16.1
8.7

100.0
40.9
31.1
28.1
13.8
14.3

100.0
42.1
30.5
27.4
13.7
13.7

100.0
42.6
31.5
25.8
13.2
12.7

100.0
39.9
32.0
28.1
14.8
13.3

100.0
36.2
32.1
31.7
15.8
15.9

560

3,498
2,636
1.745
1,012
733

10.7
5.7

11.2
6.1

12.4
7.3

13.4
7.4

100.0
44.4
33.5
22.2
12.8
9.3

100.0
41.0
32.8
26.2
15-0
11.2

100.0
40-0
3 0.7
29.3
15.4
13-9

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

100.0
46.9
32.4.
20.7
12.4
8.4

100.0
41. 1
29.7
29.2
13.6
15.6

100.
36.
30.
33.
16.
17.

A-49. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
1979

1980

1981

1982

Sex and age

II
Total, 16 years and o v e r . . .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Males, 16 years and over. .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years . . . :
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

42



III

II

5.8

6.0

6.3

7.3

7.6

7.5

7.4

7.4

7.4

16,3
17.6
15.2
9.3
3.9
4.1
3.0

16.2
18.0
15.0
9.5
4.0
4.3
2.9

16.4
18.5
14.8
10.1
4.3
4.7
3.0

17.9
19.9
16.5
11.9
5.2

18.7
21.2
16.9
12.2
5-5

18.2

19.1

20.6

21.2

19.2
21.8

17.5
11.9
5.2

5.6
3.4

6.0
3.4

16-7
12.0
5.3
5.8
3.4

5.6
3.5

12.3
5.2
5.5
3.4

19,1
20.7
18.0
11.9
5.3

5. 1

5.3

5.8

7.2

7.7

7.3

7.1

16.0
16-9
15.2
8-9
3.3
3.4
3.0

15.7
17.7
14. 1

15.8

18.3
20.4
17,0
13.0
5.0
5.3
3-4

19.6
22.0
17.8
13.6
5.4

19.9
22.1
18.4
12.9

9.3
3.5
3-7
2.8

18-0
14.2
10.6

3.9
4.1
3.0

5-9
3.6

19.4
21.6
17.9
13. 1
5.0
5.4
3.3

4.9
5.2
3.3

9.9
23.9
26.3
22.3

7.0

8.3

8.8

9.6

10.2

19.8

19.5
21.0
18.3
12.5

21.4
22.1
20.8

22.7
23.4
22. 1
15.3

24.2
25.6
23.4

25.2
28.3
23. 1
16.6
7.7
8.4
5.2

22.9
17.8
13.2
4.7

5.1
3.3

4.9
5-2
3.4

6.8

6.9

7.5

7.6

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.8

16-8
18.3
15.9
9.7
4-8
5.1
3.1

17.0
19-2
15.5
9-6
5.0
5.4
3.0

17.3
19.4
15.9
10.7
5.5

17.7
20.2
16.0
10.6

16.8
19.6
15.3
10.7
5.8

18.1
20.2

18-5

5.8

17.1
11.1
5.7

6.2
3.5

6.2
3.9

6.2
3.5

18.8
20.3
17.7
11-3
5.8
6.2
3.9

5.6
6.2
3.2

9.5
22.8

7.1

6.8

6.0
3.3

8.8

5.6
3.6

17.5

16.6
18.4
15.3
9.8
4.8
5.1
3.2

16.6
10.7

8.3
21.1
22.0
20.5
13. 1
6. 1
6.5
3.9

20.6

24.6
21.7
14.5
7.2

7.6
5.1

6.4
6.8
4.4
8.4

15.8
7.1

7.6
4.9

15.0
7.5
8.1
5-2

8-8

9.3

9.5

21.1
21.3

21.2
23.4
19.9
13.0
7.2
7.7
5.3

22.6

20.9
12.4

6.6
7.1
4.2

24.1
21.5
13.2
7-3
7.7
5. 1

H0U8EH0LD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A - 5 0 . Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands)

1980

1979

1981

1982

Reason for unemployment

I I I

IV

I

II

III

IV

I

II

III

IV

I

II

III

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Both sexes, 16 years and over:

On layoff

2,647
654
1,793
€77
1,844
782

2.853
978
1.875
857
1.808
824

3,157
1,128
2,029
839
1,838
83 0

4.094
1.691
2.402
935
1.943
844

4.467
1.802
2,665
902
1.953
914

4,281
1.527
2.754
889
1,980
903

4,007
1,313
2,694
912
2.047
982

4,054
1.321
2.734
934
2,063
972

4,133
1,318
2.815
909
2.057
963

4.940
1.833
3,107
938
2,254
1.006

5,327
1,809
3,517
895
2,202
1,066

6.036
1.995
4.041
875
2.392
1.108

6,532
2,309
4,223
795
2,461
1,301

100-0
43.0
13.9
29.2
14.3
3C-0
12.7

100-0
45.0
15.4
29.6
13.5
28.5
13.0

100-0
47.4
16.9
30.5
12.6
27.6
12.5

100.0
52-4
21.6
30.7
12.0
24.9
10.8

100-0
54.2
21.9
32.4
10.9
23-7
11-1

100.0
53.2
19-0
3 4-2
11-0
24.6
11.2

100.0
50.4
16,-5
33-9
11.5
25.8
12.4

100.0
50.5
16.5
34.1
11.6
25.7
12.1

100-0
51-3
16.3
34.9
11-3
25-5
11-9

100.0
54.1
20.1
34.0
10.3
24.7
11.0

100.0
56.1
19.1
37-1
9.4
23.2
11.2

100.0
58.0
19-2
38-8
8-4
23.0
10.6

100.0
58.9
20.8
38.1
7.2
22.2
11.7

2.5
.8

2.7
.8
1-7
-8

3-0
.8
1.7
.8

3-8
.9
1-8
.8

4-2
-8
1.8
.9

4-0
.8
1.8
.8

3.7
.8
1.9
-9

3.7
.9
1.9
.9

3-8
.8
1.9
.9

4.9
-8
2.0
1.0

5.5
.8
2.2
1.0

5.9
.7
2.2
1.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

On layoff

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

i.e
-7

4.5
.9
2. 1 i
-9

A-51. Employed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]

197S

I I I

Total, 16 years
and over

1980

IV

I

II

1981
I I I

IV

I

I I

1982
III

IV

I

II

III

99,112

SS.653

99.784

98.953

99,006

99,498

100,125

100.784

100.654

100.043

99.554

99.740

8,C05
3,266
4.711
14.357
76.752
62,202
14.572

6.C70
3.359
4.723
14,320
77.247
62.6C5
14,643

7.955
3.250
4,717
14.246
77.570
62.941
14.639

7.717
3,116
4,593
14,026
77,240
62,676
14,533

7,593
3,040
4,557
14.002
77,431
62,877
14,576

7,573
3,017
4.554
14.096
77.802
63.352
14,445

7,476
2.993
4.481
14.158
78.470
63.988
14,484

7,341
2.890
4,443
1 4 . 150
79.324
64.706
14.593

7.176
2,837
4.332
14.181
79.315
64.873
14.459

6.914
2.747
4.180
13.994
79.104
64.755
14.349

6.733
2.679
4.064
13.805
78.994
64,741
14,246

6.616 i 6,444
2.543
2,392
4,069
4,054
13,776
13.653
79.360
79*689
64.979
65.269
14.375
14,443

Males, 16 years
and over

57,729

57,785

.57.743

56,996

56.835

57,187

57.395

57.621

57.554

57.014

56,586

56.481

56,183

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4.292
1,769
2.500
7.80S
45,€36
36.729
8,912

4.267
1,796
2,494
7.78S
45,653
36.6C3
8,662

4.265
1,780
2,493
7.707
45,763
36,860
8.906

4 . 109
1,685
2,417
7.519
45.389
36.556
8.831

3.986
1.618
2.378
7,433
45,434
36.619
8,820

3,976
1,609
2.363
7,489
45,698
36,904
8,785

3,947
1,593
2.354
7.520
45.913
37.118
8.797

3,854
1.512
2.338
7.512
46,281
37,487
8,795

3.768
1,511
2.261
7.577
46.219
37.530
8.691

3.687
1.488
2.204
7.401
45.898
37.287
8.606

3,536
1.424
2.117
7.285
45.745
37,178
8.561

3.403
1.346
2.054
7.228
45.862
37,257
8,620

3,280
1,213
2,068
7,170
45.742
37.172
8,567

41,363

41,668

42,041

41.957

42.171

42.311

42.730

4 3 . 163

43.100

43.029

42,968

43,259

43,581

3.714
1,499
2,212
6,5*16
31,116
25.4"J4
5,661

3,783
1.562
2.230
6.531
31,554
25,6C2
5.762

3.690
1.469
2.224
6,539
31.807
26.081
5.733

3.608
1,432
2 , 176
6,506
31,851
26.120
5,702

3.60 7
1.422
2.179
6.569
31,997
26,257
5,756

3.597
1.409
2.190
6,607
32,104
26,448
5,660

3,529
1.400
2.127
6.639
32.557
26.870
5.687

3.486
1.378
2 . 106
6.638
33.043
27.219
5.798

3.408
1.326
2.071
6.604
33,096
27,343
5,768

3.227
3,196
1,258
1.255
1.976
1.947
6.594
6.520
33.250
33.205
27.467
27.563
5.742 1 5.686

3.213
1,196
2,015
6.549
33,498
27,722
5,755

3,164
1.179
1.986
6,483
33,947
28,097
5.876

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Females, 16 years
and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over




99,764

43

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-52.

Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands]

1979

1980

1981

Category

III

IV

II

II

III

CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present

99,112 9 9 , 6 5 3 9 9 . 7 8 4 9 8 , 9 5 3 99.006 99.498 100125 100784 100654 100043 9 9 , 5 5 4 99,740
39.666 3 9 , 6 1 9 3 9 , 4 8 4 3 8 , 9 3 0 3 8 . 6 9 9 38.914 38.980 39.079 38,926 38.547 3 8 , 2 2 3 38,269
23,276 2 3 , 4 6 6 2 3 , 5 7 6 2 3 , 5 2 0 2 3 . 4 8 6 23.558 23,850 24.092 23,943 23.795 2 3 , 7 9 0 24,148

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators,
except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except t r a n s p o r t . . . . . .
Transport equipment
operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

50,573 51.004 151.408 51.680 52,177 52.280 52,754 52.943 52,985 53.123 52,813 53,48S
15,416 15.497 15,738 15.967 16.015 16.161 16,225 16.227 16,528 16,704 16.691 16,905
10,834
6.267
18,C37
32,710
13,147
11,133

10.876
6.428
18,203
32,783
13,227
11,181

10,954
6,363
18,353
|32,397
13,029
10,875

11.067
6.162
18,485
31.325
12,759
10.507

11,255
6.329
18,578
30,860
12,653
10,343

11.287
6.357
18.475
31.297
12.724
10.540

11.638
6.384
18.506
31.211
12,710
10.556

11.505
6.455
18.756
31.673
12.828
10.703

11,524
6.435
18.499
31.486
12.675
10.634

11,500
6.423
18,496
|30,660
12,434
10.266

11,219
6.567
18.337
30.309
12.445
9.927

11,515
6,57S
18,490
29,855
12.338
9.643

3 , 6 6 7 3 . 6 5 6 3 , 6 5 0 3 . 5 2 9 3,463 3.484 3,439 3.481 3.521 3.462 3.438 3,411
4,7€3 4,719 4 , 8 4 4 4 . 5 2 9 4,401 4.549 4.505 4.661 4.656 4.497 4.499 4,464
13,024 13.225 13.247 13.213 13.253 13.209 13.358 13,384 13,400 13.611 13.616 13,695
2.734 2,735 2 , 7 5 6 2.712 2.720 2.793 2,748 2,761 2,741 2.744 2.771 2,671

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture.
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

,443
,£04
514

1,469
1,622
299

1,468
1,628
286

1,423
1.628
287

1.389
1.661
301

1.437
1,648
313

1,428
1,642
296

1,499
1.660
261

1,486
1,625
252

,365
.666
,6S8
,266
,431
,675
470

89,010
15.717
73.293
1.259
72,035
6,895
422

89.023
15,795
73,228
1,174
72,054
6,965
402

88.297
15.978
72.319
1.208
71,111
6,890
420

88,237
15.949
72.289
1.212
71.076
7.037
419

88,621
15,939
72,682
1,172
71.510
7.107
409

89,234
15,931
73,303
1,215
72,087
7.058
393

89.941
15.789
74.152
1.206
72.946
7.081
352

89,781
15,546
74,235
1,192
73,042
7,130
392

1.430
1.625
270

1.407
1,638
339

1,465
1.679
252

89,230 88.624 88.660
15,491 15.532 15.503
73 . 73 9 73.091 73,156
1.219
1.211 1,198
72.520 71.880 71,958
7.117 7,051 7,284
429
417
397

PERSONS AT WORK 1
Nonagricultural industries
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Usually work full time . . . .
Usually work part time . . .
Part time for noneconomic
reasons

1

90,558 9 0 . 6 1 6 90,611 89.861 89.817 90.553 91.338 91.446 91,660 91,210 90.522 90,966
74,617 7 4 , 5 8 5 7 4 , 3 6 6 73.160 72.960 73,871 74.441 74.608 74,627 73,720 72,827 72,677
3,354 3 . 4 6 0 3 , 5 4 6 4.171 4.290 4.216 4.323 4,166 4,460 5,108 5,450 5.68C
1,389
1,472
1,504
1.871
1,816 1,664 1.666 1,572
1.723 2,024 2,071 2.166
1.S64
1.988 2,042 2.300 2.474 2,553 2.657 2 , 5 9 4 2.737 3,084 3,379 3,514
12,588 12.572 12.700 12.531 12.566 12,466 12,575 12.673 12.573 12.382 12,245 12,608

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons

as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

44



HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-53. Persons not in labor force by reason, sex, and race, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands]
1980

1979

1981

1982

Reason, sex, and race
III

II

IV

III

II

III

II

III

TOTAL
60,083 60,308 6 0 , b 4 4

Total not in labor force
Do not want job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities. . . .
Think cannot get j o b . . . .
Job-market factors . . .
Personal factors
Other reasons1

:4,C2S 54,664 54,808
.044
6.179
6,252
.6C6
4,610
4,722
,299 29,274 29,000
. U 3 10,495 10,807
,916
4,126
4,027
,66C
5,455
5,602

60.907

55,068 55,479
6.386
4,542
29,297
10,723
4,120
5.626
1,502
744

6,768
6,360
6,304
6,637
6,556
6,522
6,323
6,816
4,194
4.378
4,166
4,256
4,.'<52 4,320
4,020
4,052
29,302 2 9 . 4 8 4 28,894 28,762 28,930 2 8 , 5 3 5 29,103 2 8 , 2 6 2
11,145 11.198 11,520 11,731 11,929 12,140 12,105 12,170
4.070
4.238
4,361
4,168
4.312
4,536
4,545
4,358
5,861
5.711
5,927
5,727
5,668
6,019
6,162
6,674

1,193

17,811

18.008

18.. 137 18,299

1 5 , 4 4 4 15,785 15,960 1 5 , 9 7 2
1.840
1,752
1,751
1,693

16,198
1,954

16.387
1,842

772
348
332
388

852
367
382
353

745
299
361
437

42,613 42,531 4 2,66 2 4 2 . 8 3 4

42,899

43,034

1.522
784
1.278
781
487
294
1.090

1,233
955
648
306

62,367 61,852

61,002 61,746

5 5 . 6 5 7 55,245 55,555 56,079 5 6 , 0 5 3 56,095 55,659

1,631
806
1,284
1,006
687
318
1,134

,605
7SS
,296
762
541
222
,198

1,493
771
1,330
948
601
347
1,060

61,171

1.508
714
1.211
1.063
720
343
1.215

1,575
802
1,287
1,093
84 9
244
1,171

1,562
726
1,300
1,043
718
325
1,096

1,518
708
1,176
1,094
801
293
1.171

1,569
832
1,374
1.199
883
316
1.046

1,641
775
1,347
1,339
1,074
264
1,061

1.740
777
1,511
1,497
1,076
421
1,150

18,325 18,734 18.733

19,122

18.938

16,336 16,588 16,952 16.862 16,837
1,947
1,831
2.000
1,861
2,096

16.961
2,175

Males
Total not in labor force
Do not want job now
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get j o b . . . .
Other reasons1

17,323 17,552 17,646

654
370
292
376

758
344
290
360

720
321
358
352

813
372
375
387

775
329
414
343

725
323
383
399

787
414
435
365

901
319
516
360

912
331
586
346

Females
Total not in labor force
Do not want job now
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities . . .
Think cannot get j o b . . . .
Other reasons

36,564 38,899 38.848
3,167
3,703
3.852
750
429
1,296
470
622

765
439
1,278
491
730

39,097
3,786

772
450
1,330
591
708

730
3 96
1,233
623
804

4 3 , 2 4 5 42,9 14

42.872 42,677 43,012

39,281 3 9 , 2 7 0 38,909 38,966 39,127 39.191 3 9 , 2 5 9 38,698
3,906
3,869
3,980
3,866
3,836
4,067
4^,019
4,499
778
439
1,284
624
781

763
415
1,211
702
778

761
430
1,287
718
784

787
397
1,300
630
753

793
385
1,176
711
772

782
418
1.374
764
681

740
456
1,347
823
701

827
446
1,511
911
804

White
Total not in labor force
Do not want job now
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities . . .
Think cannot get j o b . . . .
Other reasons

52,041 52,100 52,031 5 2 , 3 0 5

52,702

52,873 52,601 52,420 5 3 , 1 0 6

53.240 53,623 53,016

47,703 47,865 47,885 4 8 . 1 9 4
4,100
4,201
4,262
4.283

48,472
4,226

48,658 48,259 48,370 4 8 , 9 0 2
4,116
4.333
4,178
4,133

4 8 . 8 5 2 4 9 , 0 6 5 48,471
4.414
4.401
4,741

1.106
554
957
640
9 43

1.101
543
981
699
903

1,069
502
926
684
997

♦1.116
564
959
744
950

1.164
552
592
546
1,0C6

1,129
522
1,002
554
893

1,070
555
1,101
670
886

1,057
523
983
708
863

990
504
863
744
1,015

8,653

451
234
34 8
364
192

1.177
513
1,006
868
850

1,217
567
1,044
1,002
912

8.599

8,764

8,773

7,104
1,589

6,844
1,836

6,829
1,894

473
277
361
521
204

497
229
445
491
232

1.156
568
1.034
807
836

Black and other
Total not in labor force

7,919

7,972

8,279

8,213

8,316

8,601

Do not want job now

6,583
1,383

6,720
1,323

6,824
1,373

6.864
1.393

6.699
1.599

6, 911

6,933

1,493

6,859
1.665

1,558

7,217
1,558

406
239
310
217
212

417
237
275
210
184

429
228
247
301
168

377
206
262
309
240

474
251
300
310
264

471
186
287
356
194

467
256
342
387
213

483
220
303
326
226

497
203
312
351
194

Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities . . .
Think cannot get j o b . . . .
Other reasons

Includes small number of men not looking for work because of "home responsiblities."




45

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-54. Persons not in labor force by reason, sex, and age
tin thuusandsj
Age
Total

16 to 19

Reason and sex

25 to 59
years

20 to 24

years

years

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

60,708
55,315

60,869
54,594

6,272
5,022

6,220

4,300

4,342

4,726

3,504

3,252

3,686
4,378
29,076

3,603
4,076
28,318
12,681

2,150
54
524

2,097
37
462

987
120
1,726

959
105
1,560

5,916

2,294

2,130

671

5,392

6,274

1,251

1,495

822
664
1,339
1,143
838
306
1,424

1,001
729
1,545
1,686
1,277
409
1,313

511
30
92
305
236
69

17,813

18,304

16,245

16,351

2,216

2,208

1,867
2,379
245
8,688
3,066

1,860
2,184
329
8,970
3,008

1,022
31
13

1,064
19

71
9

1,150

1,112

353

308

1,187
80
227
1,184

1,568

1,952

587

686

219

348

371
293
431
473

492
315
651
494

240

322

95

14
182
151

25
189
150

81
17
59
62

42,895

42,565

3,469

3,325

39,071

38,244

2,801

2,517

1,820
1,999
28,831
3,435
2,986

1,743
1,892
27,989
3,712
2,908

1,124
23
510

3,824
450
371
1,339
712
952

III
1981

60 years
and over

III
1982

III
1981

22,479

22,039

27,657

19,617

18,846

27,177

546
1,908
13,610
304
2,478

15
2,116
12,607
11,846

628

538
2,090
14,219
276
2,494

797

1,088

2,860

3,193

481

145
46
264
139
119
20
203

194
47
338
269
225
46
240

164
446
959
557
425
134
734

177
484
1,070
833
651
180
629

142
24
142
58
84

313

628
48
116
408
**05
iJj
295

2,804

2,895

1,203

1,297

3,506

3,479

10,301

983

950

2,969

2,789

10,079

550

551
80
11

291

243
1,082
76

1,092

TOTAL
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going t o school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other

12,123
6,052

Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get job
Job-market factors
Personal factors
Other reasons1

593

173

Males
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going t o school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get job . . . .
Other reasons '

13

4
144

248
1,140

8,460

535

690

222

75

15
127
111

50
191
124
170

3,097

3,045

18,973

18,560

17,356

2,520

2,303

16,651

16,056

17,098

1,033
17
448

437
49
1,716

408

248

25
1,549

1,144

1,019

318

321

903
14,141
49
1,310

302
826
13,534
56
1,338

1,025
12,463
3,386
214

4,321

666

809

578

741

2,323

2,505

258

509

273
16
92

306
24
116
219
144

64

99
31
338
143
130

113
254
959
433
564

103

379

209

70

251

64

155

88

Females
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance . . . .
Ill health, disability . . . .
Home responsibilities . .
Think cannot get job . . .
Other reasons

413
1,545
1,035
819

Includes small number of men not looking for work because of "home responsibilities."

123
162

MOTE

29
264
80
141

10

276

24

581

77

475

85

Detail in tables A-54, A 55, and A 57 may not add t o not-in-labor-force totals

because of differences in the weighting patterns used in aggregating these data.

46



72

1,070

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-55. Persons not in labor force by reason, race, age, and sex
t i n thousands]

Age
Reason and race

16 to 24 years

III
1981

III
1982

-JTT
1981

III
1932

25 to 59 years

III
1981

III
1982

60 years and over

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

WHITE
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now

........

Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get job
Other reasons '

....

52,296

52,359

8,098

8,113

19,191 18,755

25,007

25,492

14,989

15,452

37,307

36,907

48,313

47,807

6,665

6,339

17,034] 16,366

24,616

25,100

13,852

14,068

34,461

33,739

2,779
3,489
26,222
10,941
4,882
3,981

2,732
3,303
25,492
11,447
4,833
4,553

2,409
108
1,866

2,345
111
1,708

2,282
1,435

2,175
1,771

357
387
1,637 1,512
12,723 12,159
255
271
2,062 2,037
2,162 2,389

14
1,743
11,633
10,687
539
390

1
1,678
11,625
11,174
622
392

1,415
1,907
192
7,906
2,432
1,136

1,364
1,449
1,582
1,785
270 26,030
3,035
8,151
2,450
2,413
2,845
1,384

1,283
1,518
25,222
3,296
2,420
3,169

532
473
1,005
765
1,206

685
515
1,192
1,094
1,067

425
55
249
283
423

574
72
302
419
404

105
309
733
382
629

108
341
870
541
529

109
22
102
157

2
102
21
134
133

238
237

339
243

268
393

413
389

294
236
1,005
497
813

346
272
1,192
681
678

8,412

8,510

2,474

2,449

3,288

3,284

2,651

2,777

2,824

2,852

5,588

5,658

7,001

6,788

1,855

1,640

2,586

2,479

2,556

2,666

2,393

2,283

4,608

4,505

908
889
,853
,181
,170
,410

871
773
2,826
1,235
1,083
1,723

728
64
381

714
30
313

682
613

583
809

182
453
1,49S
22
433
703

158
397
1,451
32
441
804

369
975
1,158
54
95

346
1,061
1,203
56
109

452
473
53
781
634
431

411
399
59
819
595
570

456
416
2,800
400
536
979

460
374
2,767
416
488
1,153

289
191
335
377
218

317
214
353
592
247

230
21
107
160
95

247
23
153
258
128

59
136
227
177
103

70
142
199
292
101

36
1
41
17

49

133
56

154
73

42
18

163
79

238
105

156
135
335
214
139

163
141
353
354
142

BLACK A N D OTHER
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other
Want a j o b now
Reason not looking:
School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get job
Other reasons \
1

. . ..

Includes small number of men not looking for work because of "home responsibilities."

A-56. Persons not in labor force who desire work but think they cannot get jobs by reason, sex, age, and race
[In thousandsj

3rd Quarter 1982
Age
Reason and sex

Total

16 to 19

20 to 24

years

years

25 to 59
years

Black and

60 years
and over

other

TOTAL
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training . . . .
Other personal handicap

146
164
99

39
44
20

3
30
13

35
85
60

68
6
6

114
100
59

32
64
39

Job-market factors:
Could not find job
Thinks no job available

746
531

202
103

139
86

368
283

36
59

420
401

326
131

49
61
36

13
29
3

11
11

12
19
16

24
1
5

39
37
25

10
24
10

325
180

96
47

67
37

141
62

20
34

167
146

158
35

Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training . . . .
Other personal handicap

97
103
63

26
15
17

3
17
2

24
65
44

44
6
1

75
63
34

22
40
29

Job-market factors:
Could not find job
Thinks no job available

420
351

106
55

71
49

228
220

16
26

253
255

168
96

Males
Personal factors:
Employers think too young or old
Lacks education or training . . . .
Other personal handicap
Job-market factors:
Could not find job
Thinks no job available
Females




47

HOUSEHOLD
QUARTERLY
A-57.

DATA
AVERAGES

M o s t recent w o r k experience of persons not in labor force and reason for leaving last job for those

w h o w o r k e d during the previous 12 months by sex, age, and race
[Numbers in thousands]
Age
Mott recent work experience,
reason for leaving last job, and sex

Total, not in labor force .
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago . . . .
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago . . . .
Left j o b during previous 12 months
Percent distribution by reason
School, home responsibilities
III health, disability
Retirement, old age
Economic reasons
End of seasonal job . . . .
Slack work
End of temporary j o b . . .
All other reasons

years

III
1981

III
1982

60,708

60,869

9,193
31,224
10,910

9,451
31,753
11,161
8,503
100.0
38.9
7.3
10.9
24.6
8.9
9.6
6.1
18.3

9,380

100.0
41.4
8.2
10.2
22.9
8.8
7.7
6.4
17.2

Males, not in labor force .
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago . . . .
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago . . . .
Left j o b during previous 1 2 months
Percent distribution by reason
School, home responsibilities
III health, disability
Retirement, old age
Economic reasons
End of seasonal j o b . . . .
Slack work
End of temporary job . . .
Ail other reasons

17,813
2,235
8,691
3,556
3,330
100.0
33.2
11.3
19.0

Females, not in labor force
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago . . . .
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago . . . .
Left j o b during previous 12 months
Percent distribution by reason
School, home responsibilities
III health, disability
......
Retirement, old age
Economic reasons
End of seasonal job . . . .
Slack work
End of temporary job . . .
All other easons

42,895

A-58.

20.6

7.1
7.6
5.9
15.9

6,958
22,533
7,354
6,049

100.0
46.0
6.5
5.4
24.2
9.7

18,304
2,436
8,961
3,778
3,129
100.0
30.6
9.9
19.6
23.4
8.6
10.1
4.8
16.5

42,565
7,014
22,792
7,384
5,374
100.0
43.8
5.7
5.8
25.4
9.2
9.3

6.9
19.3

III
1981

III
1981

III
1982

10,572 10,562 22,479
2,206
4,522 4,809
302
2 95 10,896
1,829 1,858
5,449
3,919 3,599
3,926
100.0 100.0
100.0
62.1
54.3
35.2
2.3
1.9
12.0
3.3
18.6
24.6
28.5
7.4
10.9
10.1
6.0
10.1
8.7
5.2
5.7
7.5
21.0
17.0
19.2
4,007
1,855
48
446
1,656
100.0
57.7
2.4

4,192
2,052
33
483
1,625
100.0
50.6
2.3

21.9
8.7
7.0
6.3
17.9

28.2
12.6
9.7
5.9
18.9

6,566
2,666

1,384
2,261
100.0
65.3
2.2

6,370
2,758
262
1,376
1,974
100.0
57.5
1.5

16.1
6.5
5.3
4.3
16.4

21.4
8.1
7.9
5.5
19.5

253

60 years
and over

25 to 59
years

16 to 24

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

22,039
2,266
10,737
5,523
3,511
100.0

27,657
2,465
20,026
3,631
1,535
100.0
4.6
13.
54.
19.
6.
6.
6.

28,268
2,377
20,721
3,778
1,392
100.0
6.2
12.7
54.7
17.8
6.0
6.2
5.6
8.6

52,296
7,074
27,668
9,482
8,073
100.0
41.8
7.8
11.0
22.2
8.4
7.2
6.6
17.2

52,359
7,352

36.
10.
4.
27.
8.
11.
6.
21.

III
1981

III
1982

28,061
9,601
7,343
100.0
40. 1
7. 1
11. 3
23. 7
8.7
8.7
6.2
17.8

8,412
2,120
3,556
1,428
1,307
100.0
38.9
10.3
5.7
27.5
11.1
11.0
5.4
17.6

8,510
2,099
3,691
1,559
1,159
100.0
31.4
8.4
8.0
30.8
10.2
15.0
5.6
21.5

3,506
322
1,338
1,008
838
100.0
15.8
26.8
10.3
24.4
4.9
12.6
6.9
22.7

3,479
333
1,328
1,115
703
100.0
15.7
22.0
14.0
24.6
5.1
16.0
3.5
23.7

10,301
57
7,305
2,103
835
100.0
2.2
13.4
65.2
14.0
6.2
3.8
3.9
5.3

10,632
52
7,600
2,179
801
100.0
3.1
14.6
64
12,
3,
5
3,
5,

14,989
1,521
7,567
3,088
2,814
100.0
33.5
10.9
20.8
19.1
6.3
6.6
6.2
15.7

15,452
1,723
7,847
3,212
2,669
100.0
31.6
10.1
20.7
22.3
8.9
8.8
4.6
15.3

2,824
715
1,124
468
517
100.0
31.5
13.2
9.1
29.0
11.8
13.0
4.3
17.2

2,852
714
1,113
565
459
100.0
24.4
8.7
13.5
29.8
6.8
17.2
5.9
23.5

18,973
1,884
9,558
4,441
3,088
100. 0
40. 5
8. 0
1. 3
29. 6
12. 5
9. 5
7. 6
20. 6

18,560
1,933
9,411
4,408
2,808
100.0
41.3
7.7
2.3
28.2
9.8
10.8
7.6
20.5

17,356
2,408
12,721
1,529
700
100.0
7.7
13.6
41.0
26.4
7.7
8.7
10.0
11.3

17,636
2,325
13,120
1,599
592
100.0
10.
10.
41.
24.
9.
6.

37,307
5,553
20,101
6,394
5,259
100.0

36,907
5,629
20,214
6,389
4,674
100.0
45.0
5.4
6.0
24.4
8.7
8.6
7.1
19.2

5,588
1,405
2,432
960
790
100.0
43.8
8.5
3.4
26.5
10.6
9.7
6.1
17.8

5,658
1,385
2,578
994
700
100.0
35.9
8.1
4.4
31.4
12.4
13.6
5.4
20.1

46.
6,
5,
23.

18.0

Work-seeking intentions of persons not in labor force and w o r k history of those w h o intend to seek

w o r k within the next 12 months by sex, age, and race
[In thousands]
Race

Age
16 t o 24 years

Work-seeking intentions, work history, and sex

25 to 59 years

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

52,186
8,520
1,305
982
2,095
4,138

51,950
8,918
1,575
1,106
2,344
3,893

6,296
4,277
1,162
47
730
2,338

6,000
4,562
1,429
43
778
2,312

18,696
3,783
138
825
1,203
1,616

18,143
3,895
138
945
1,409
1,403

077
736
542
125
531
538

15,286
3,017
161
656
1,554

2,175
1,831
521
8
233
1,070

2,232
1,959
603
5
265
1,086

2,816
691
20
85
204
381

,649
829
42
102
320
364

110
784
763
857
564
600

36,664
5,901
92 9
945
1,688
2,339

4,121
2,445
641
38
497
1,269

3,767
2,602
826
38
514
1,226

15,881
3,091
119
739
998
1,234

15,494

Black and
other

60 years and over

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

45,594

6,701
923
719
1,598
3,462

45,442
6,917
1,065
813
1,736
3,303

6,592
1,820
383
263
497
677

6,508
2,002
510
2 93
609
591

12,842
2,147
381
74
54
410
71
1,282
104:

13,101
2,351
440
113
461
1,337

,234
590
161
51
121
257

2,185
667
206
48
195
218

17,109 17,403 32,752 32,341! 4,358
4 , 5 6 6 1 1,230
232
4,554
247
222
625'
542
3
212
64|
700
645
78
376
87
1,275,
1,1
68|
420
1,966
741
2,1801
97

4,323
1,335
304
245
414
373

III
1981

III
1982

Total
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months

...

27,194 27,806
461
463
8
6
118
110
158
162
178
185

Males
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months

. ..

646

10,085
215
2
32
94
87

10,403
229

Females
Do not intend to seek work
Intend to seek work in the next 12 months
Never worked
Last worked over 5 years ago
Last worked 1 to 5 years ago
Worked during previous 12 months

48




3,066

96
842
1,088
1,039

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES

A-59. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
LNumbers irvthousands]
Hispanic origin
Employment status, sex, and age

Ill
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

TOTAL

170.413

172,522

148.164

149,586

18.268

18,628

9.383

109.705
64.4
101.717
3.784
97.933
7.987
7.3
60,708

111,653
64.7
100,839
3.850
96,989
10,813
9.7
60.869

95,868
64.7
89,898
3,528
86,370
5,970
6.2
52,296

97,227
65.0
88.986
3.589
85.397
8,241
8.5
52.359

11,260
61.6
9,457
175
9,283
1,803
16.0
7,007

11,611
62.3
9,362
181
9,181
2,249
19.4
7,017

6.046
64.4
5.454
311
5 . 142
592
9.8
3,337

Civilian noninstitutional population

72.567

73,775

63,879

64,768

7,028

7,207

4,004

Civilian labor force
•. .
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagncultural industries

57,557
79.3
54.339
2.549
51.789
3,219
5,6
15,010

58,367
79.1
53.449
2.611
50,838
4,918
8.4
15.408

51,008
79.9
48,566
2,368
46.197
2.442
4.8
12.871

51.534
79.6
47.710
2.421
45,289
3.824
7.4
13.234

5,254
74.8
4,565
131
4.434
690
13.1
1,773

5,397
74.9
4.457
133
4,324
940
17.4
1,810

3,396
84.8
3,145
220
2,925
251
7.4
608

Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagncultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Males, 20 years and over

Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

....

Females, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population

81,675

83.037

70.813

71.797

8,952

9,175

4,209

Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonaqricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate . . . .
Not in labor force

42.248
51.7
39.256
717
38,539
2,992
7.1
39,426

43.797
52.7
39„994
700
39,294
3,803
8.7
39,241

36,134
51.0
33,955
670
33.285
2,179
6.0
34,679

37,431
52.1
34,578
658
33,9 20
2,853
7.6
34,366

5,024
56.1
4,307
23
4,284
716
14.3
3,928

5,211
56.8
4,369
23
4,346
842
16.2
3,964

2.087
49.6
1.876
55
1,821
212
10.1
2,122

16,171

15,709

13,471

13.021

2,288

2.246

1,169

9,489
60.4
7,396
540
6.856
2.093
22.1
6.220

8,726
64.8
7.377
490
6,887
1,349
15.5
4.745

8.262
63.5
6.698
510
6.189
1.564
18.9
4.759

982
42.9
585
20
565
396
40.4
1,306

1.003
44.7
536
25
511
467
46.5
1.243

562
48.1
433
37
3 96
129
22.9
607

Both sexes, 16-19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population . . .
Employed
Aqriculture
Nonaqncultuial industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Not in labor force




9,899
61.2
8,123
518
7.605
1,776'
17.9
6,272

49

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-60

Employment status of persons of M e x i c a n . Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin

by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Total Hispanic origin'
Employment status, sex, and age

III
1981

III
1982

9,383
6,046
64.4
5,454
311
5,142
592
9.8
3,337

Mexican origin

Puerto Rican origin

Cuban origin

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

9,558

5,605

5,788

1,262

1,219

806

6,101
63.8
5,232
306
4,927
869
14.2
3,457

3,737
66.7
3,387
288
3,100
350
9.4
1,868

3,820
66.0
3,252
278
2,974
567
14.9
1,969

643
51.0
555
5
550
88
13.7
619

622
51.0
508
8
500
115
18.4
597

522
64.8
474
3
471
49
9.3
284

4,004

3,999

2,485

2,505

490

449

344

3,396
84.8
3,145
220
2,925
251
7.4
608

3,370
84.3
2,962
221
2,741
408
12.1
628

2,153
86.6
2,015
204
1,812
138
6.4
331

2,152
85.9
1,886
200
1,686
266
12.4
353

387
79.0
344
5
340
43
11.1
102

351
78.2
296
7
290
54
15.4
99

281
81.7
255
2
252
27
9.5
63

4,209

4,381

2,384

2,526

600

590

379

2,087
49.6
1,876
55
1,821
212
10.1
2,122

2,188
49.9
1,907
53
1,854
281
12.8
2,193

1,180
49.5
1,053
48
1,005
126
10.7
1,204

1,291
51.1
1,112
50
1,062
179
13.9
1,234

210
35.0
182
1
181
28
13.3
390

214
36.3
176
1
175
38
17.7
375

206
54.4
190

1,169

1,178

736

758

172

181

83

562
48.1
433
37
396
129
22.9
607

542
46.0
363
31
331
180
33.1
636

404
54.9
319
36
283
86
21.2
332

377
49.7
254
28
226
122
32.5
381

46
6.7
29

58
32.0
35

35
42.2
30

29
17
(2)
127

35
23
(2)
123

29
6
(2)
48

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Males, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Females, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Civilian noninstitutional populatioi
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
1

Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other Hispanic origin, not shown

separately.

50



1

Percent not shown where base is less than 60,000.

—

190
16
7.9
173

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-61. Employed persons by selected social and economic categories, race, and Hispanic origin
[In thousands]

Total
Category

III
1981

Black and other

White

Hispanic origin

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

101,717
58,689
43,028

100,839
57,301
43,539

89,898
52,502
37,396

88,986
51,179
37,807

11,820
6,187
5,633

11,853
6,122
5,731

5,454
3,392
2,061

5,232
3,172
2,061

52,725
16,095
11,716
6,408
18,506
32,422
13,006
10,786
3,539
5,091
13,481
3,090

53,515
16,638
11,735
6,556
18,587
30,310
12,578
9,357
3,383
4,992
13,947
3,067

47,920
14,431
11,035
6,051
16,404
28,191
11,935
8,982
3,012
4,262
10,883
2,903

48,685
15,019
11,065
6,191
16,411
26,264
11,512
7,766
2,898
4,089
11,155
2,881

4,805
1,664
681
358
2,102
4,231
1,071
1,804
528
829
2,597
186

4,830
1,619
670
365
2,176
4,046
1,065
1,592
485
903
2,792
186

1,828
430
347
198
853
2,513
754
1,117
243
399
854
258

1,902
444
360
224
874
2,257
663
962
218
414
838
236

1,724
1,753
307

1,801
1,742
307

1,542
1,685
300

1,599
1,687
302

182
68
7

202
55
5

290
19
2

279
24
2

90,370
15,098
75,272
1,240
74,032
7,158
405

89,179
15,122
74,057
1,272
72,785
7,405
406

79,312
12,608
66,704
866
65,838
6,674
384

78,095
12,624
65,471
901
64,570
6,926
376

11,059
2,491
8,567
374
8,193
484
21

11,084
2,498
8,586
371
8,215
479
29

4,879
668
4,210
87
4,123
246
18

4,644
682
3,962
100
3,862
271
13

83,788
5,083
12,847

81,052
6,721
13,067

73,899
4,237
11,762

71,471
5,558
11,957

9,889
846
1,085

9,580
1,163
1,110

4,570
407
477

4,292
499
441

CHARACTERISTIC

Males
Females
OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Managers and administrators, except farm . . .

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:

Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Government
Private industries

Self-employed workers

FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS '

Employed persons with a job b u t n o t at work are distributed proportionately among the




full- and part-time employed categories.

51

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-62. Employed persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin by selected social and economic categories
[In thousands]
Total Hispanic

Puerto Rican
origin

Mexican origin

origin'

Cuban origin

Category

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

5,454
3,392
2,061

5,232
3,172
2,061

3,387
2,205
1,183

3,252
2,033
1,220

1,828
430
347
198
853
2,513
754
1,117
243
399
854
258

1,902
444
360
224
874
2,257
663
962
218
414
838
236

973
221
165
118
469
1,682
506
712
160
304
487
244

1,045
212
197
121
515
1,490
437
604
143
306
496
220

290
19
2

279
24
2

278

266
12

4,879
668
4,210
87
4,123
246
18

4,644
682
3,962
100
3,862
271
13

2,972
448
2,524
37
2,487
117
12

4,570
407
477

4,292
499
441

2,815
310
263

III
1982

III
1981

555
361
194

508
316
192

474
268
205

224
54
36
11
123
244
63
124
23
34
85
1

205
42
31
18
114
203
57
83
27
36
94
4

217
52
55
25
85
200
61
91
27
21
55
1

2,824
442
2,382
65
2,317
144
7

533
87
446
3
443
16
1

486
84
402
5
397
12
1

421
26
396
3
393
47
2

2,639
354
259

497
20
38

431
45
31

394
25
55

CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 years and over
Males
Females
OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
MAJOR INDUSTRY A N D CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultutal industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
FULL- A N D PART-TIME STATUS 2
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic reasons

1

Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other Hispanic origin, not

shown separately.

52



Employed persons w i t h a job but not at work are distributed proportionately among the
full- and part-time employed categories.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-63. Employed persons by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
[In thousands]
Hispanic origin

Sex and age

III

1981

Total, 16 years and over . .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Males, 16 years and over . .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Females, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

101,717

100,839

89,898

88,986

9,457

9,362

5,454

5,232

8,123
3,384
4,739
14,628
78,966
64,564
14,402

7,396
2,931
4,465
14,099
79,344
64,946
14,398

7,377
3,078
4,300
12,933
69,587
56,597
12,990

6,698
2,658
4,040
12,424
69,864
56,874
12,990

585
233
352
1,387
7,485
6,304
1,181

536
210
326
1,342
7,483
6,314
1,169

433
171
262
975
4,047
3,616
431

363
121
242
840
4,030
3,594
435

58,689

57,301

52,502

51,179

4,886

4,743

3,392

3,172

4,350
1,844
2,507
7,895
46,444
37,719
8,724

3,852
1,541
2,311
7,482
45,967
37,364
8,602

3,936
1,668
2,268
7,006
41,559
33,579
7,980

3,468
1,401
2,068
6,604
41,106
33,254
7,853

321
133
189
727
3,839
3,232
607

287
103
183
700
3,756
3,158
598

247
92
155
598
2,547
2,248
300

209
64
145
482
2,480
2,190
290

43,028

43,539

37,396

37,807

4,571

4,619

2,061

2,061

3,773
1,540
2,232
6,733
32,523
26,845
5,678

3,544
1,390
2,154
6,617
33,377
27,581
5,795

3,441
1,410
2,031
5,927
28,028
23,018
5,010

3,230
1,257
1,972
5,820
28,758
23,620
5,138

264
101
163
660
3,647
3,073
574

250
107
143
642
3,727
3,156
571

186
79
107
377
1,499
1,368
131

153
57
97
358
1,550
1,404
146

A-64. Unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
Hispanic origin

Sex and age

Total, 16 years and over . .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Males, 16 years and over . .

1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

7.3

9.7

6.2

8.5

16.0

19.4

9.8

14.2

40,
40,
40,
26,
10.
11.
6,

46.5
43.1
48.5
29.7
14.0
15.1
7.3

22.9
25.7
21
13
7
7
5

33.1
38,
30,
18.
11,
11,
9,

III

17.9
18.8
17.3
11, 6
5, 2
5. 5
3. 4
6.6

25 to 54 years
55 years and over

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over




9.5
22,
24,
21,
15,
7,
7,
4,

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

Females, 16 years and over

22.
23,
21,
14.
7,
7,
4,

15.
16,
14.
9,
4.
4.
3.

18.9
21,0
17.5
12,5
6.6
7,0
4.6

5.6

8,4

15.5

19.9

15.0

19.5
21,9
17.8
13.4
6.4
6.8
4.5

39.4
37.9
40.5
25.9
10.2
10.8
6.9

45.5
44.7
46.0
29.0
14.8
15.9
9.0

21.
30.

14.
11.
6.
6,
5,

33.5
43.6
27.8
18.7
10.7
10.8
9.9

8,6

16.5

18.8

11.7

14,7

41.5
43.7
40.0
28.0
11.2
12.3
5.0

47.6
41.5
51.5
30,4
13.1
14.3
5.5

25.0
19.6
28.6
16.0
8.5
8.6
7.7

32,
31,
33,
17.
11.
12.
7.

8.2

9.9

7.0

18.5
19.4
17.8
11.7
6.1
6.6
3.7

21.8
22.5
21.3
13.6
7.6
8.2
4.8

16.0
16,9
15,4
9,3
5,3
5.7
3.5

18,
19,
17,
11,
6.
7.
4,

8.6

13.9

53

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-65. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment race, and Hispanic origin
[In thousands]
Black and other
Weeks of unemployment

III
1981

~TTT
1982

III
1981

7,987
3,463
2,550
1,974
878
1,095

10,813
4,037
3,474
3,303
1,456
1,847

13.2
6.5

100.0
43.4
31.9
24.7
11.0
13.7

~TTT

Hispanic origin

1982

III
1981

TIT
1982

III
1981

III
1982

5,970
2,692
1,883
1,395
626
769

8,241
3,124
2,649
2,467
1,114
1,353

2,017
771
667
579
252
327

2,573
912
825
836
342
494

592
278
192
122
64
58

869
326
303
239
126
113

15.3
8.2

12.6
6.1

14.8
8.0

15.1
7.7

17.1
8.8

11.7
5.7

13.6
8.2

100.0
37.3
32.1
30.5
13.5
17.1

100.0
45.1
31.5
23.4
10.5
12.9

100.0
37.9
32.1
29.9
13.5
16.4

100.0
38.2
33.1
28.7
12.5
16.2

100.0
35.4
32.1
32.5
13.3
19.2

100.0
47.0
32.4
20.6
10.8
9.8

100.0
37.6
34.9
27.5
14.5
13.0

DURATION
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks . . .
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT D I S T R I B U T I O N
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-66. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
[Numbers in thousands]

^ ^ ^
Black and other

Reason for unemployment

1981

in
1982

III
1981

~Tir
1982

Hispanic origin

~TLT
1981

III
1982

-JTT
1981

III
1982

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total, 1 6 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

7,987
3,849
1,163
2,686
1,002
2,068
1,068

10,813
6,068
2,017
4,051
876
2,468
1,402

5,970
2,888
943
1,945
815
1,541
726

8,241
4,748
1,681
3,067
725
1,871
897

,017
961
220
742
187
527
342

2,573
1,319
336
984
151
597
506

592
318
97
221
62
117
95

869
523
122
401
75
161
110

100.0
48.2
14.6
33.6
12.5
25.9
13.4

100.0
56.2
18.7
37.5
8.1
22.8
13.0

100.0
48.4
15.8
32.6
13.7
25.8
12.2

100.0
57.6
20.4
37.2
8.8
22.7
10.9

100.0
47.7
10.9
36.8
9.3
26.1
16.9

100.0
51.2
13.0
38.2
5.9
23.2
19.7

100.0
53.7
16.4
37.3
10.5
19.8
16.0

100.0
60.2
14.0
46.1
8.6
18.5
12.7

3.5
.9
1.9
1.0

5.4
.8
2.2
1.3

3.0
.9
1.6

4.9
.7
1.9
.9

7.0
1.4
3.8
2.5

9.1
1.0
4.1
3.5

5.3
1.0
1.9
1.6

8.6
1.2
2.6
1.8

PERCENT D I S T R I B U T I O N
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
C I V I L I A N LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

54



HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-67. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
[Numbers in thousands]
Civilian labor force
Unemployed

Civilian
noninstiVeteran status

tutional

Percent
of
labor
force

Employed

population

Total 25 years and over.
25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years. . . .
30 to 34 years. . . .
35 to 39 years. . . .
40 years and over . . .

III
1S81

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

6.580
7.318
1,459
3.286
2,573
1,262

8,703
7,109
1,177
2,882
3,050
1,595

8.170
7.066
1.368
3,195
2,503
1.104

8.208
6.816
1.113
2.759
2.944
1,392

7,770
6,704
1,266
3,047
2,391
1,065

7,566
6,245
965
2,530
2,750
1,321

400
362
102
148
112
39

17,336
7,901
5.562
3,873

18.339
8,204
6,032
4,102

16.385
7.465
5.273
3.647

17,390 15,452
7,752 6,969
5,739 4,962
3.899 3.520

15,797
6,912
5,275
3.611

934
495
311
127

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

641
571
148]
229
194|
71

4.9
5.1
7.4
4.6
4.5
3.5

7.8
8.4
13.3
8.3
6.6
5.1

1,593
840
464
288I

5.7
6.6
5.9
3.5

9.2
10.8
8.1
7.4

NONVETERANS
Total, 25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years. . .
30 to 34 years. . .
35 to 39 years. . .

.
.
.
.

NOTE: Vietnam-era veterans art males who served in the Armed Forces between August 5,
1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are males who have never served in the Armed Forces;
published data »re limited to those 26 to 39 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

A-68. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands]
Nonveterans
Employment status

Black and other

Black and other

Hispanic origin

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

6,532
6,335
6,030
305
4.8

6,306
6,088
5,637
451
7.4

786
731
675
56
7.7

803
728
608
120
16.5

299
285
270
15
5.3

305
295
266
29
9.8

14,926
14,286
13,605
681
4.8

1,261
1,196
1,113
83
6.9

998
954
850
104
10.9

198
172
153
19
11.0

179
159
115
44
27.7

93
90
87
3
3.3

51
51
44
7
13.7

6,859
6,567
6,197
370
5.6

7,138
6,817
6,176
641
9.4

1,042
897
772
125
13.9

2,952
2,881
2,752
129
4.5

2,554
2,458
2,268
190
7.7

334
314
296
18
5.7

328
301
262
39
13.0

106
102
97
5
4.9

122
117
102
15
12.8

4,763
4,565
4,346
219
4.8

5,187
4,983
4,647
336
6.7

2,319
2,258
2,165
93
4.1

2,754
2,676
2,519
157
5.9

254
245
226
19
7.8

296
268
231
37
13.8

100
93
86
7
7.5

132
127
120
7
5.5

3,304
3,154
3,062
92
2.9

3,501
3,354
3,140
214
6,4

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

Hispanic origin

III
1982

III
1981

III
19M

2,512
2,236
1,835
401
17.9

1,371
1,283
1,187
96
7.5

1,429
1,343
1,178
165
12.3

1,066
935
736
199
21.3

604
569
527
42
7.4

625
591
506
85
14.4

799
709
617
92
13.0

845
756
628
128
16.9

447
415
375
40
9.6

467
440
387
53
12.0

569
494
459
35
7.1

601
545
471
74
13.6

320
299
285
14
4.7

337
312
285
27
8.7

Total. 26 to 39 years:
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
. . . . . . .
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

15,826 2,410
15,154 2,100
13,963 1,848
252
1,191
12.0
7.9

26 to 29 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
. . . . . . .
Employed
Unemployed

Unemployment rate
30 to 34 yean
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
36 to 39 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate




55

H O U S E H O L D DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-69. Employment status of the noninstitutional population in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas
by sex, age, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Metropolitan areas
Employment status,
sex, age, and race

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

1 1 5 , 9 4 5 117,847 4 7 , 6 2 6
75,621 77,455 29,907
65.2
62.8
65.7
70,127 7 0 , 0 1 1 2 7 , 2 5 6
5,494
7,445 2,652
7.3
8.9
9.6
40,324
4 0 , 3 9 1 17,719

48,319
30,636
63.4
27,156
3,481
11.4
17,683

68,319
45,714
66.9
42,871
2,842
6.2
22,605

69,528
46,819
67.3
42,855
3,964
8.5
22,708

54,468
34,084
62.6
31,590

54,675
34,197
62.5

5 0 , 2 6 4 19,988
40,221 15,416
80.0
77.1
36,825 14,317
3 , 3 9 6 1,099
8.4
7.1
10,044 4 , 5 7 1

20,198
15,611
77.3
13,983
1,628
10.4
4,588

29,368
24,201
82.4
23,050
1,151
4.8
5,167

30,066
24,610
81.9
22,842
1,768
7.2
5,456

23,211
17,940
77.3
16,972

23,959

32,279
17,291
53.6
16,246
1,045
6.0
14,988

33,014
18,094
54.8
16,686
1,407
7.8
14,921

25,900

12,729
53.1
11,513
1,216
9.6
11,229

12,745
49.2
11,813
933
7.3
13,154

6,448
4,116
63.8
3,328

5,357
3,398
63.4
2,806

5,099
3,077

789

592

19.2
2,332

17.4
1,959

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

Nonmetropolitan areas

III
1981

III
1982

9.9
20,478

4,402
2,928
66.5
2,847
81
2.8
1,474

4,211
2,822
67.0
2,701
121
4.3
1,389

50,066
31,156
62.2
28,743
2,412
7.7
18,910

23,511
18,147
77.2
16,625
1,522
8.4
5,365

2,013
1,665
82.7
1,642
23
1.4
348

1,944
1,619
83.3
1,567
52
3.2
325

21,198
16,275
76.8
15,330

26,065
12,974

1,908
919
48.2
886
33
3.6
988

1,829
904
49.4
863
41
4.5
925

23,992
11,826
49.3 |
10,927
900
7.6
12,166

438
299
68.1
271
28
9.4
140

4,876
3,054

667
21.7
2,022

481
344
71.4
319
25
7.1
138

62.6
2,487
567
18.6
1,821

49,665
31,181

4,159
2,796

62.8
28,385.

67.2
2,729

2,796
9.0
18,484

68
2.4
1,363

4,033
2,726
67.6
2,619
107
3.9
1,307

45,261
28,285
62.5
26,280
2,004
7.1
16,976

5,010
3,016
60.2
2,444
573
19.0
1,994

243
131
54.1
118
13
9.9
111

178
96
53.8
82
14
14.9
82

4,804
2,871
59.8
2,463

III
1981

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

2,493
7.3
20,384

30,829

3,368

Males, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

49,356

39,617
80.3
37,367
2,250
5.7
9,738

968
5.4

5,271

945 I
5.
4,923 I

Females, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

55,775
29,503

56,973
30,823

52.9
27,443

2,060
7.0
26,272

54.1
28,199
2,623
8.5
26,150

23,496
12,212
52.0
11,197
1,015
8.3
11,284

10,814
6,501
60.1
5,317
1,184
18.2
4,314

10,610
6,412
60.4
4,987
1,426
22.2
4,198

4,142
2,279
55.0
1,742
537
23.6
1,863

4,162
2,296
55.2
1,659
637
27.7
1,866

6,672
4,222
63.3
3,575
647
15.3
2,451

98,743

99,921
66,046
66.1
60,601
5,445
8.2
33,875

35,865
|22,831
63.7
(21,324
1,506
6.6
[13,033

36,118
23,188
64.2
21,130
2,058

63,803
42,858
67.2
39,471
3,387

12,929

62,878
41,955
66.7
39,564
2,392
5.7
20,924

17,926 P.1,761
11,410 7,076
63.7
60.2
9,409
5,932
1,145
2,000
16.2
17.5
6,516 4,685

|12,202
7,449
61.0
6,926
1,423
19.1
4,754

5,441
3,759
69.1
3,307
451
12.0
1,682

49.8

11,795
1,179
9.1
13,091

Both sexes, 16-19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

60.3
2,409

White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Not in labor force

64,786
65.6
60,888
3,898

6.0
33,957

8.9

49,420

31,081
62.9
29,009

7.9

2,072
6.7

20,946

18,339

5,724
3,961
69.2
3,383
577
14.6
1,762

5,047
3,002
59.5

Black and other
Civilian noninstitutional population . . .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

56




17,202
10,835
63.0
9,239

1,596
14.7
6,367

2,581
422
14.0
2,045

409

14.2
1,934

H O U S E H O L D DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-70. Employment status of the noninstitutional population in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race
(Number in thousands)
Total United States

Metropolitan areas

Nonpoverty
areas

Poverty
areas

Employment status and
race

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

30,284
17,294
57.1
15,501
1,793
10.A
12,991

30,480
17,455
57.3
15,118
2,337
13.4
13,025

140,128
92,410
65.9
86,216
6,194
6.7
47,718

142,042
94,198
66.3
85,721
8,476
9.0
47,844

21,241
12,438
58.6
11,532
906
7.3
8,804

21,594
12,621
58.4
11,340
1,280
10.1
8,973

126,922
83,430
65.7
78,366
5,064
6.1
43,493

9,043
4,856
53.7
3,969
887
18. J
4,187

8,886
4,834
54.4
3,778
1,057
21.9
4,051

13,206
8,981
68.0
7,851
1,130
12.6
4,225

Poverty
areas

Nonmetropolitan areas

Nonpoverty
areas

Poverty
areas

Nonpoverty
areas

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

11,474
6,309
55.0
5,416
893
14.2
5,165

11,586
6,452
55.7
5,311
1,141
17.7
5,134

104,471
69,312
66.3
64,711
4,601
6.6
35,159

106,261
71,004
66.8
64,700
6,304
8.9
35,257

18,811
10,985
58.4
10,085
900
8,2
7,826

18,894
11,003
58.2
9,807
1,196
10.9
7,890

35,657
23,099
64.8
21,506
1,593
6.9
12,558

35,781
23,194
64.8
21,022
2,172
9.4
12,587

127,992
84,606
66.1
77,646
6,960
8.2
43,386

5,852
3,355
57.3
3,062
294
8.8
2,497

6,003
3,482
58.0
3,030
452
13.0
2,521

92,891
61,431
66.1
57,827
3,604
5.9
31,460

93,919
62,564
66.6
57,571
4,993
8.0
31,355

15,389
9,082
59.0
8,470
612
6.7
6,307

15,591
9,139
58.6
8,310
829
9.1
6,453

34,031
21,999
64.6
20,539
1,460
6.6
12,032

34,073
22,042
64.7
20,075
1,967
8.9
12,031

14,050
9,592
68.3
8,075
1,516
15.8
4,459

5,622
2,954
52.5
2,355
599
20.3
2,668

5,583
2,970
53.2
2,281
689
23.2
2,614

11,580
7,881
68.1
6,884
997
12.6
3,699

12,342
8,440
68.4
7,129
1,311
15.5
3,902

3,421
1,903
55.6
1,615
288
15.1
1,519

3,302
1,865
56.5
1,497
368
19.7
1,437

1,626
1,100
67.6
966
133
12.1
526

1,708
1,152
67.4
947
205
17.8
556

m
1962

III
1981

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population . . .
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population . . .
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black and other
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population . . .
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

A-71. Unemployment rates in poverty and nonpoverty areas by race, sex, and age
Total United States
Poverty

Race , sex, and age

Metropo itan areas
Poverty
areas

Nonpoverty
areas

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

10.A
8,]
10.1
24.2

13.4
11.7
12.0
29.5

6.7
5.1
6.5
16.7

9.0
7.8
8.1
20.6

7.3
5.8
6.9
18.2

10.1
8.9
9.2
21.8

C.1
4.6
5.9
15.1

]R.3
15.4
16.7
38.1

21.9
20.3
17.9
47.1

12.6
10.0
11.5
35.2

Nonmetropolitan areas

Nonpoverty
areas

Poverty
areas

Nonpoverty
areas

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

III
1981

III
1982

14.2
11.7
13.4
31.7

17.7
16.6
14.7
37.7

6.6
5.1
6.4
16.9

8.9
7.7
7.9
20.7

8,2
6.1
8.1
20.3

10.9
9.0
10.2
24.7

6,9
5.1
7.0
16.1

9,4
8,1
8.6
20.3

8.2.
7.2
7.4
18.5

8.8
7.5
8.0
21.9

13.0
11.8
11.5
27.6

5.9
4.5
5.6
14.9 .

8.0
7.0
7.2
18.1

6.7
5.1
6.5
17.0

9.1
7.8
8.4
19.8

6.6
4.9
6.7
15.5

8.9
7.8
8.0
19.4

15.8
13.9
13.4
40.6

20.3
17.8
18.3
40.0

23.2
23.4
17.8
47.9

12.6
10.2
11.4
36.4

15.5
13.9
12.9
42.1

15.1
11.7
U.2
35.1

19.7
15.7
18.2
45.9

12.]
8.6
12.2
28.7

17.8
14.4
17.5
33.5

III
1981

TOTAL
Both sexes, 16 years and over . . . .
Females, 20 years and over . . . .
Both sexes, 16-19 years
White
Both sexes, 16 years and over . . . .
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over . . . .
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Black and other
Both sexes, 16 years and over . . . .
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over . . . .
Both sexes, 16-19 years




57

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-72. Unemployment in families by type of family, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family members
{Numbers in thousands)
III
1981

III
1982
With unemployment:

With unemployment:

Percent of families:

Type of family, race, and
Hispanic origin
Total
families

With no
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

Percent of families:

With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time

Total
families

With no
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

TOTAL
Total families
With children under 18 years
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years
Families maintained by females
With children under 18 years
Families maintained by males
With children under 18 years

of age
of age
of age
of age

61,139
31,097
49,360
24,509
9,364
5,725
2,415

862

6,173
3,836
4,430
2,793
1,434

934
309
109

27.2
28.3
18.8
17.5
50.7
58.7
39.0
43.5

72.8
71.7
81.2
82.5
49.3
41.3
61.0
56.5

65.0
64.0
74.1
75.3
39.0
32.0
54.2
50.0

61,889
31,202
49,915
24,587
9,607
5,775
2,367
841

8,141
5,014
6,076
3,836
1,701
1,055
365
123

29.3
31.5
22.5
23.0
51.5
60.5
39.3
48.8

53,786
26,241
45,209
21,801
6,676
3,767
1,901
674

6,313
3,829
5,042
3,151
1,004
584
267
94

27.0
28.7
22.3
22.8
48.0
57.7
36.8
46.8

37.6
41.1
22.0
22.1
56.4
63.9
46.5
(1)

70.7
68.5

White
Total families
With children under 18 years
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years
Families maintained by females
With children under 18 years
Families maintained by males
With children under 18 years

of age
of age
of age
of age

53,250
26,290
44,837
21,830
6,447
3,742
1,967

718

4,688
2,863
3,678
2,280

75.6
75.7
81.6
83.1
52.1
44.8
60.9
57.5

790
496
220
87

Black
Total families
With children under 18 years
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years
Families maintained by females
With children under 18 years
Families maintained by males
With children under 18 years

of age

6,602
3,998
3,533
2,029
2,706
1,849

of age

363
119

of age
of age

1,332

879
638
441
615
417
79
20

37.1
40.7
20.7
20.1
53.9
62.0
38.0
(1)

62.9
59.3
79.3
79.9
46.1
38.0
62.0
(1)

54.5
52.0
71.5
72.6
37.2
30.6
51.9
(1)

6,743
4,105
3,624
2,075
2,725
1,885
394
146

1,595
1,027
850
552
659
448
86
26

484
334
329
246
120
78
35
10

31.7
34.0
24.3
22.8
52.9
64.6
(1)
(1)

68.3
66.0
75.7
77.2
47.1
35.4
(1)
(1)

61.1
60.0
71.1
73.2
33.6
25.3
(1)
(1)

3,449
2,309
2,570
1,740
719
512
161
57

648
454
479
359
131
83
38
12

62.4
58.9
78.0
77.9
43.6
36.1
53.5
(1)

Hispanic origin
Total families
With children under 18 years
Married-couple families
With children under 18 years
Families maintained by females
With children under 18 years
Families maintained by males
With children under 18 years

of age
of age
of age
of age

Percent not shown where base is less thar 60,000.

58




3,430
2,309
2,549
1,731

691
511
191
67

67.
63.
72.
70.
45.
33.
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-73. Unemployed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of employed family members
(Numbers in thousands)
I l l
1982

Ill
1981
Percent of unemployed:

Family relationship, race, and
Hispanic origin

Total

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

With no
employed
persons in
family

Percent of unemployed:

With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time

Total

With no
employed
persons in
family

With at
least one
employed
person in
family

With at
least one
person in
family
employed
full time

TOTAL
7,987
6,850
1,432
902
1,458
913
1,965

39.0
28.9
43.8
46.3
14.7
12.3
8.7

61.0
71.1
56.2
53.7
85.3
87.7
91.3

54.3
63.3
43.9
40.5
80.4
82.6
86.3

10,813
9,322
2,428
1,580
1,900
1,239
2,594

41.3
31.9
45.3
50.5
20.4
18.2
10.9

58.7
68.1
54.7
49.5
79.6
81.8
89.1

50.6
58.7
41.0
34.6
72.3
74.8
83.0

600
503
1,055
119
48
220
1,137

81.4
87.0
32.4
64.0
(2)
27.4

18.6
13.0
67.6
36.0
(2)
72.6

10.5
5.9
56.4
30.8
(2)
65.5

713
598
1,249
150
58
287
1,491

84.0
89.6
33.8
65.8
(2)
29.5

16.0
10.4
66.2
34.2
(2)
70.5

9.2
4.7
53.9
20.3
(2)
60.7

5,970
5,102
1,169
715
1,221
747
1,611

36.8
26.0
43.7
46.3
13.3
10.1
8.1

63.2
74.0
56.3
53.7
86.7
89.9
91.9

56.8
66.4
43.1
39.2
81.9
85.0
87.8

8,241
7,081
2,023
1,292
1,591
1,025
2,048

39.4
29.5
45.2
50.3
19.0
16.7
10.2

60.6
70.5
54.8
49.7
81.0
83.3
89.8

52.5
61.1
40.4
33.6
74.3
76.6
83.9

332
269
533
87
38
149
868

78.0
83.8
30.8
66.2
(2)
28.7

22.0
16.2
69.2
33.8
(2)
71.3

11.7
6.6
57.9
30.2
(2)
65.6

412
337
705
102
43
201
1,160

79.2
86.7
31.0
69.8
(2)
24.3

20.8
13.3
69.0
30.2
(2)
75.7

11.6
5.4
57.4
20.2
(2)
68.0

1,803
1,564
227
164
192
138
299

46.3
38.1
44.2
46.0
23.6
23.5
10.9

53.7
61.9
55.8
54.0
76.4
76.5
89.1

46.3
53.3
48.2
46.9
71.2
69.7
79.2

2,249
1,957
322
224
252
171
455

47.7
39.9
43.0
47.3
28.0
25.4
12.3

52.3
60.1
57.0
52.7
72.0
74.6
87.7

43.9
50.5
47.1
43.1
61.7
64.3
80.2

252
220
506
26
9
63
239

85.3
90.6
33.9
(2)
(2)
21.8

14.7
9.4
66.1
(2)
(2)
78.2

9.3
5.5
55.3
(2)
(2)
67.1

291
254
519
42
14
76
292

91.1
93.8
36.9
(2)
(2)
43.5

8.9
6.2
63.1
(2)
(2)
56.5

5.9
3.8
49.6
(2)
(2)
45.5

869
774
206
168
140
102
230

41.8
34.7
51.2
54.2
19.1
21.0
15.9

58.2
65.3
48.8
45.8
80.9
79.0
84.1

49.1
55.2
39.9
37.9
70.8
70.8
75.0

52
45
106
13
5
27
95

(2)
(2)
42.0
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
58.,0
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
41.8
(2)
(2)
(2)

—

White

"

—

Black
Total unemployed

With children under 18 years of age
With children under 18 years of age

With children under 18 years of age
Males who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Not in families'

—

Hispanic origin
Total unemployed
In families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age
Wives

With children under 18 years of age
Relatives in families maintained by females
Males who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age
Not in families1

592
527
127
96
100
72
124
46
36
90
18
7
22
65

[

40.4
33.1
52.2
52.7
13.8
11.8
7.6
(2)
(2)
38.8
(2)
(2)
(2)

The majority of these persons are living alone or with nonrelatives. Also included are persons
in married-couple families where the husband is in the Armed Forces, persons in secondary families,




|
|

59.6
66.9
47.8
47.3
86.2
88.2
92.4

53.2
59.7
40.9
40.0
78.5
83.6
92.2

(2)
(2)
61.2
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
47.5
(2)
(2)
(2)

I

—

and some whose status is unknown.
2

Percent not shown where base is less than 60,000.

59

H O U S E H O L D DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-74. Employed persons by family relationship, race, Hispanic origin, and presence of additional employed family members
(Numbers in thousands)

^ ^

III
1982

III
1981

Percent of employed:

Percent of employed:

Family relationship, race, and
Hispanic origin

With no
other
employed
person in
family

With
another
employed
person in
family

With
another
person in
family
employed
full time

With no
other
employed
person in
family

With
another
employed
person in
family

TOTAL

53.9
63.7
46.9
41.7
86.5
91.2
90.9

100,839
85,364
37,549
21,952
23,559
12,515
12,409

37.9
26.6
37.0
40.0
10.6
7.1
6.4

62.1
73.4
63.0
60.0
89.4
92.9
93.6

24.0
12.8
62.7
34.6
20.1
77.8

5,137
3,331
3,879
1,634
696
1,198
15,475

64.8
77.3
26.3
58.0
74.3
18.3

35.2
22.7
73.7
42.0
25.7
81.7

88,986
75,416
34,161
19,681
21,036
10,910
11,215

37.4
26.1
37.4
40.7
10.2
6.6
6.4

62.6
73.9
62.6
59.3
89.8
93.4
93.6

24.8
12.9
62.6
34.2
20.8
78.9

3,740
2,370
2,952
1,361
575
952
13,570

61.9
75.3
26.0
57.7
73.5
16.8

38.1
24.7
74.0
42.3
26.5
83.2

56.8
68.8
68.8
69.0
85.1
89.0
92.2

49.6
60.2
57.8
58.6
79.3
83.6
84.7

9.362
7,833
2,550
1,671
1,919
1,199
829

43.4
32.4
32.0
32.6
15.7
12.1
6.8

56.6
67.6
68.0
67.4
84.3
87.9
93.2

28.6
18.8
72.7
44.6
22.6
77.7

21.3
12.0
61.8
35.5
14.7
71.0

1,279
886
834
228
106
194
1,529

73.6
82.6
27.7
60.9
76.5
27.0

26.4
17.4
72.3
39.1
23.5
73.0

61.8
71.3
58.1
55.3
91.6
93.3
94.3

54.1
62.4
47.0
43.5
85.1
87.6
89.5

5,232
4,511
2,011
1,459
1,087
740
617

40.4
30.9
43.8
46.3
10.8
9.7
8.0

59.6
69.1
56.2
53.7
89.2
90.3
92.0

31.2
20.0
73.7
49.2
(2)
88.5

22.6
12.5
62.8
35.1
(2)
78.9

311
204
272
116
40
97
721

65.9
80.8
24.7
54.8
(2)
11.0

34.1
19.2
75.3
45.2
(2)
89.0

101,717
86,067
38,250
22,512
23,170
12,350
12,895

37.4
26.0
37.1
39.8
9.1
5.3
5.5

4,941
3,309
3,777
1,707
740
1,327
15,650

65.3
77.3
27.0
54.0
66.4
16.3

Total employed
In families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age . . .
Wives
With children under 18 years of age . . .
Relatives in married-couple families

89,898
76,238
34,898
20,259
20,735
10,809
11,703

36.9
25.6
37.6
40.6
8.6
4.7
5.3

94.7

Females who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age . . .
Relatives in families maintained by females
Males who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age . . .
Relatives in families maintained by males. .
Not in families 1

3,584
2,374
2,816
1,425
634
1,078
13,660

63.4
76.0
27.2
53.7
64.7
15.3

36.6
24.0
72.8
46.3
35.3
84.7

Total employed
In families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age . . .
Wives
With children under 18 years of age . . .
Relatives in married-couple families

9,457
7,800
2,545
1,679
1,852
1,170
871

43.2
31.2
31.2
31.0
14.9
11.0
7.8

Females who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age . . .
Relatives in families maintained by females
Males who maintain families
With children under 18 years of age . . .
Relatives in families maintained by males. .
Not in families1

1,245
869
874
229
88
184
1,657

71.4
81.2
27.3
55.4
77.4
22.3

Total employed
In families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age . . .
Wives
With children under 18 years of age . . .
Relatives in married-couple families
Females who maintain families
With children under 18 years of
Relatives in families maintained by
Males who maintain families
With children under 18 years of
Relatives in families maintained by
Not in families1

age . . .
females
age . . .
males. .

34.7
22.7
73.0
46.0
33.6
83.7

—

—

White

—

Black

Hispanic origin
Total employed
In families
Husbands
With children under 18 years of age . . .
Wives
With children under 18 years of age. . . .
Relatives in married-couple families
Females who maintain families
With children under 18 years of
Relatives in families maintained by
Males who maintain families
With children under 18 years of
Relatives in families maintained by
Not in families1

age . . .
females
age . . .
males. .

5,454
4,730
2,090
1,512
1,092
744
758
285
203
230
145
51

no

68.8
80.0
26.3
50.8
(2)
11.5

724

The majority of these persons are living alone or with nonrelatives. Also included are persons
in married-couple families where the husband is in the Armed Forces, persons in secondary families.

60




and some whose status is unknown.
2

Percent not shown where base is less than 60,000.

24.7
11.4
61.6
37.1
(2)
78.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-75. Median weekly earnings of families by type of family, number of earners, race, and Hispanic origin
Number of families
(in thousands)

Type of family, number of earners,
race, and Hispanic origin

Median woekly earnings

Percent change over
the year in:

II
1981

II
1982

II
1981

II
1982
Current
dollars

TOTAL
Total families with earners1
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Other family member
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Husband and other family member(s)
Wife and other family member(s)
Other family members only
Families maintained by females
One earner
Householder
Other family member
Two or more earners
Families maintained by males
One earner
Two or more earners

,

,

41,682
33,999
14,605
11,963
2,048
593
19,395
16,543
2,264
446
142
5,865
4,185
3,337
848
1,680
1,817
1,154
662

40,931
33,235
14,490
11,426
2,404
660
18,746
15,930
2,235
446
134
5,891
4,185
3,328
857
1,706
1,805
1,098
707

$431
467
332
371
178
183
576
578
600
369
417
241
199
202
184
393
374
310
529

$455
500
345
393
201
190
618
622
646
375
3 96
253
207
214
185
417
419
346
556

36 ,253
30 ,474
13 ,236
10 ,970
1,747
17 ,238
14,,666
4 ,284
1,495

35,523
29,709
13,039
10,422
2,028
16,670
14,079
4,344
1,469

442
47 3
342
378
178
583
586
250
392

471
507
355
401
200
624
628
264
433

4,507
2,786
1,086
779
249
1,700
1,486
1,445
277

4,475
2,747
1,137
759
322
1,610
1,448
1,446
282

321
399
228
252
174
510
512
211
299

344
418
248
289
207
551
560
219
377

2,522
1,983
945
822
82
1,038
845
366
173

2,406
1,905
867
740
88
1,038
825
352
150

362
396
262
294
(2)
489
501
198
334

374
404
266
286
42)
527
529
247
387

5.7
7.2
4.0
6.1
12-6
4.3
7.4
7.6
7.6
1-8

-5.1
5.0
4.0
5.5
.5
6.3
11.9
11.5
5.1

White
Total families with earners1
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by females
Families maintained by males

»

6.6
7.3

4.0
6.2
12.1
7.1
7.2
5.5
10.4

Black
Total families with earners1
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by females
Families maintained by males

7.2
4.7
8.6
14.4
18.7

7.9
9.4

3.9
26.2

Hispanic origin
Total families with earners1
Married-couple families
One earner
Husband
Wife
Two or more earners
Husband and wife
Families maintained by females
Families maintained by males

Data exclude families in which there is no wage or salary earner or in which the husband, wife, or
other person maintaining the family is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
3
Median not shown where base is less than 100,000.




3.3
2.0
1.5

-2.6

7.9
5.6
25.2
15.7

NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to
deflate these earnings data. Because the Index for the most recent quarter is not available at the time
Employment and Earnings is published, it is necessary to lag the publication of these tables by 1 quarter.

61

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-76. Families with unemployed members and wage and salary workers by type of family and median weekly earnings
Number of families
(in thousands)

Type of family and relationship of
unemployed members to wage and
•alary earners

Median weekly earnings

Percent change over
the year in:

II
1981

II
1982

II
1981

II
1982
Constant
dollars

Married-couple families1

-3.0

3,254

3,978

$342

$354

849
648
118
84

1,214
934
142
139

184
173
352
(2)

207
196
378
170

12. 3
13. 6
7. 2

5.4
6.5
.6

Wife unemployed
Husband only earner
Husband and other earner(s) . .
Other earner(s) only

1,028
883
124
21

1,233
1,040
178
16

$314
294
602
(2)

351
327
639
(2)

11. 7
11. 2
6. 2

4.8
4.3
-.4

Other member(s) unemployed . . .
Husband or wife earner
Both husband and wife earners.
Other combinations of earners.

1,378
644
689
45

1,530
639
841
50

518
410
633
(2)

548
438
624
(2)

5. 7
6. 9
-1. 4

-.9
.3
-7.5

Families maintained by females1 . . .
Householder unemployed
Other member(s) unemployed . . .

638
67
571

742
89
653

221
[2)
$225

234
(2)
$250

5.8

-.7

10.9

4.1

200

224

303

312

2 .7

-3.7

Husband unemployed
Wife only earner
Wife and other earner(s)
Other earner(s) only

1

Families maintained by males
1

Data exclude families in which there is no wage or salary earner or in which the husband, wife,
or other person maintaining the family is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.

62




Median not shown where base is less than 100,000.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-77. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)

Median weekly earnings

Percent change over
the year in :

II
1982

I I
1981

1982

72,709

70,653

$284

$308

8.3

1.6

Males, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over

44,277
7,756
36,521

42,635
6,916
35,719

343
225
373

370
234
402

7.9
4.0
7.7

1. 2
2. 5
1. 0

Females, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over

28,433
5,969
22,464

28,018
5,445
22,573

221
181
234

240
196
254

8.7
8.0
8.6

2. 0
1. 3
1. 9

30,404
14,642
6,580

29,150
14,543
6,025

378
226

194

405
247
211

7. 1
8. 9
8. 7

4
2. 2
2, 0

Females who maintain families
Others in such families

4,001
2,294

4,002
2,319

226
203

241
213

6. 6
4. 9

0
l! 5

Males who maintain families
Others in such families

1,493
868

1,447
918

343
200

377
232

10. 0
15. 9

3. 2
8. 8

All other males1
All other females1

6,704
5,722

6,532
5,717

314
238

346
262

10. 2
10. 1

3.4
3.3

White
Males
Females

63,477
39,246
24,231

61,581
37,778
23,803

292
352
223

316
380
243

8.1
8.0
8.7

1.4
1.4
2.0

Black
Males
Females

7,486
4,049
3,437

7,323
3,888
3,436

233
264
206

248
290
221

6.6
9.7
7.4

.0
2.9

Hispanic origin
Males
Females

4,254
2,730
1,524

4,038
2,560
1,477

230
257
189

248
276
209

7.6
7.6
10.7

1.0
1.0
3.8

II
1981

II
Current
dollars

Constant
dollars

SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over

FAMILY RELATIONSHIP
Husbands
Wives
Others in married-couple families

RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN

1
The majority of these persons are living alone or with nonrelatives. Also included are persons in
married-couple families where the husband is in the Armed Forces, persons in secondary families, and




some whose family status is unknown.

63

HOUSEHOLD DATA

QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-78. Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)

Median weekly earnings

Percent change over
the year in:

II
1981

I I
1982

I I
1981

II
1982
Current
dollars

SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over

16,333

16,943

$80

$83

3.9

5.031
3,159
1,872

5. 301
3. 263
2, 038

76

67
102

80
67
107

4.5
.0
4.9

11,302
3,847
7,455

11. 642
3, 975
7, 667

82
66
92

86
68
100

6.0
2.9
9.2

Husbands
Wives
Others in married-couple families

1,316
6,088
4,654

1,,454
6, 119
4, 768

101
93
65

103
101
65

2.3
9.3
.0

Females who maintain families
Others in such families

848
1,028

839
1,228

90
66

99
68

9.6
3.4

86
318

83
345

(2)
66

(2)
76

14.5

675
1,318

708
1 r 400

103
84

103
93

-.3
10.9

White
Males
Females

14,493
4,391
10,102

15 ,182
r662
10 r 520

80
75
81

83
79
86

4.2
5.3
6.0

Black
Males
Females

1,512
517
996

1,395
467
927

82

83
83
82

.8
-.5
.9

748
273
4 74

781
288
493

84
81
88

86
83
89

2.2
2.3
1.5

Males, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
Females, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
FAMILY RELATIONSHIP

Males who maintain families
Others in such families
All other males1
All other females1
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN

Hispanic origin
Males
Females

The majority of these persons are living alone or with nonrelatives. Also included are persons in
married-couple families where the husband is in the Armed Forces, persons in secondary families, and

64




some whose family status is unknown.
2
Median not shown where base is less than 100,000.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
A-79.

Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex
Number of workers
(in thousands)

Occupation and tax

II
1981

II
1982

Median weakly earnings

II
1981

II
1982

Percent change over
the year in:

Current
dollars

TOTAL
Professional and technical workers
Managers and administrators, except farm . . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

12,663
7,773
3,655
14,086
10,992
9,271
2,850
3,284
7,336
799

12,901
7,807
3,695
13,811
10,285
8,421
2,684
3,035
7,268
746

$368
407
300
230
347
242
298
236
189
179

$411
436
326
247
370
252
325
250
201
189

11.8
7.0
8.5
7.4
6.8
4.2
8.9
5.9
6.6
5.6

7,313
5,567
2,474
3,027
10,424
5,669
2,711
2,960
3,433
699

7,516
5,516
2,443
3,011
9,665
5,085
2,548
2,725
3,448
677

431
457
350
327
353
303
301
241
233
183

489
520
397
337
380
310
330
256
247
191

13.5
13.8
13.6
3.0
7.8
2.4
9.8
6.2
5.8
4.4

5,351
2,206
1,181
11,059
567
3,602
139
324
3,903
100

5,385
2,291
1,251
10,800
620
3,336
137
309
3,820
69

309
272
188
217
228
187
262
201
164
156

338
310
222
236
232
197
233
208
174

9.6
14.0
17.7
8.4
1.7
5.3
■11.0
3.8
6.4

Males
Professional and technical workers
Managers and administrators, except farm . . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
Females
Professional and technical workers
Managers and administrators, except farm . . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

(D

Median not shown where base is less than 100,000.




65

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ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry division, 1930 to date
(In thousands)
Goods-producing

Mining

Construc­
tion

Service-producing
Transpor­
tation
and
public
utilities

Manufac­
turing

Wholesale and retail trade
Whole­
sale
trade

Retail
trade

Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate

Annual averages
1 , 387i 9,562
1,229
8, 170
9 8 5 J 6,931
824
7, 397
877
8,501'
927
9,069
1,160
9,827
- 1 , 1 2 7 10,794
9,440
1,070
1 , 1 6 5 10,278

451
363
968
734
679
146
135
075
793
306

4,664

460
392
326
280
304
320
373
417
410
447

361
169
918
861
045
128
312
503
458
502

3,148
3,264
3,225
3,166
3,299
3,481
3,668
3,756
3,883
3,995

1,835
1,960
1,906
1,822
1,845
1,949
2,291
2,471
2,605
2,602

4,914
5,251
5,212
5,160
5,214
5,365
6,084
6,485
6,667
6,662

,485
,525
,509
,481
,461
,481
,675
,728
,800
,828

3,665
3,905
4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,240

4,202
4,660
5,483
6,080
6,043
5,944
5,595
5,474
5,650
5,856

9, 386
9,742
10,004
10,247
10,235
10,535
10,858
10,886
10,750
11,127

2,635
2,727
2,812
2,854
2,867
2,926
3,018
3,028
2,980
3,082

6,751
7,015
7,192
7,393
7,368
7,610
7,840
7,858
7,770
8,045

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,357
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

,026
,389
,609
,645
,751
,914
,278
,616
,839
,083

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

11,391
11,337
11,566
11,778
12,160
12,716
13,245
13,606
14,099
14,705

3,143
3,133
3,198
3,248
3,337
3,466
3,597
3,689
3,779
3,907

8,248
8,204
8,368
8,530
8,823
9,250
9,648
9*917
10,320
10,798

2,629
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378
7,620
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169

8,353
8,594
8,890
9,225
9,596
10,074
10,784
11,391
11,839
12,195

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136
5,146
5,157

15,040
15,352
15,949
16,607
16,987
17,060
17,755
18,516
19,542
20,192
20,310
20,551

3,993
4,001
4,113
4,277
4,433
4,415
4,546
4,708
4,969
5,204
5,275
5,359

11,047
11,351
11,836
12,329
12,554
12,645
13,209
13,808
14,573
14,989
15,035
15,192

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975
5 , 160
5,301

11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,303
16,252
17,112
17, 890
18,59 2

12,554
12,881
13,334
13,732
14,170
14,686
14,871
15,127
15,672
15,947
16,241
16,024

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773
2,866
2,7**2

958
272
647
965
261
893
933
936
401
297

1,009
873
731
744
883
897
946
1,015
891
854

13,221
15,963
18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

925
957
992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930

1,311
1,814
2 , 198
1,587
1, 108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2 , 198
2 , 194

10,9
13, 1
15,2
17,6
17,3
15,5
14,7
15,5
15,5
14,4

901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2 659
2 646
2 839
3 039
2 962
2 817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675

691
860
595
128
239
128
266
889
811
857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4 , 141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

5 4 , 1 8 9 J 20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

926
859
948
010
097
232
317
248
350
575

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461
25,658
25,481

623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958
1,027
1,132

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4 , 2 29
4,463
4,346
4,176

19,367
18,623
19,151
20, 154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040
20,285
20,173

,302
,278
,007
,897
471
,345
030
125
,113
,363
,748
,625

29, 4
26,6
23,6
23,6
25,9
27,0
29,0
31,0
29, 1
30,6

32,361
36,539
40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754
4 5 , 197
47,819
48,7931
5 0 , 202|
48,990
50,641
52,369)
52,8531
51,324
53,268

,506
,959
, 198
,074
,751
,513
, 104
964
,513
,411

53,999
55.549J
56,653
58,283|
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384
70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,47li
86,697J
89,823
90,406
91,105

19,1
20,5
21,6
22,3
22,5
22,8
24,4
25,3
26,0
26,1

3,685
3,254
2,816
2,672
2,750
2,786
2,973
3,134
2,863
2,936
3,038
3,274
3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

5,797
5,284
4,683
4,755
5,281
5,431
5,809
6,265
6, 179
6,426 1 , 7 6 2
750
210
118
982
058
314
376
955
272
264

526
560
559
565
652
753
826
833
829
905
996
1,340
2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2, 191
2,233

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
25,583
25,393
25,176
24,908

1,192
1,195
1,202
1,206

4,124
4,101
4,071
4,026

20,267 65,780
20,097 65,831
19,903 65,820
19,676 65,734

5,181
5,162
5,150
5,128

20,660
20,654
20,623
20,524

5,383
5,380
5,375
5,357

15,277
15,274
15,248
15,167

5,328
5,325
5,324
5,331

18,707
18,77 3
18,815
18,834

15,904
15,917
15,908
15,917

2 , 7 64
2,757
2,74Q
• \ "7 56

90,460 24,684
90,459 24,631
90,304 24,450
90,083 24,289
90,166 24,255
89,839 23,994
89,535 23,840
89,268 23,639
89,038 23,546

1,201
1,203
1,197
1,182
1,152
1,124
1,100
1,082
1,080

3,966
3,974
3,934
3,93 8
3,988
3,940
3,927
3,895
3,890

19,517
19,454
19,319
19,169
19,115
18,930
18,813
18,662
18,576

5,125
5,115
5,100
5,094
5,1C1
5,078
5,044
5,024
5,023

20,630
20,670
20,655
20,584
20,652
20,595
20,615
20,544
20,488

5,346
5,343
5,336
5,323
5,331
5,307
5,299
5,288
5,277

15,284
15,327
15,319
15,261
15,321
15,288
15,316
15,256
15,211

5,326
5,326
5,336
5,335
5,342
5,352
5,359
5,361
5,367

18,831
18,867
18,904
18,929
18,963
18,988
19,042
19,042
19,054

15,864
15,850
15,859
15,852
15,853
15,832
15,635
15,6 58
15,560

2,741
2 , 7 37
2 , 7 36
2,730
2 , 7 28
2,-7 39
2,737
2,740
2,734

91,363
91,224
90,996
90,642

65,776
65,828
65,854
65,794
65,911
65,845
65,695
65,629
65,492

1
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. This inclusion has resulted in an in­
crease of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 1959
benchmark month.

NOTE: Data from April 1981 forward are subject to revision when more recent
benchmark data are introduced. See "Benchmark adjustment" in the Explanatory Notes
of this publication.

p = preliminary.




67

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
[In thousands]
Production workers1

All employees
Industry

TOTAL
PRIVATE SECTOR
MINING

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

91,620

89,238

89,013

89, 299

76,091

74,230

74,149

7 4 , 102

1,119

1 , 100

64.9

.63.0

6.7
22.9

61,776

59,931

59,837

797

781

5.2
21.3

46.2
4.6
16.2

44.3
3.1
14. Q

233.6
230.3

225.0
221.7

207.0
203.8

21 T. 1
207.9

190.5
187. 6

182.5
179.5

738.4

702.7

694.4

4^0.3

464 . 3

278.4
441.2

273.5
444.9

29 6 . 4
406.3

296.6
397.8

121.9
379.8

118.
382.

131.2
339.1

331.

124.1
38.9
36.1
27.7

123.5
3 8 . 7|
3 6 . 0|
27.5

117.6
37.2
34.9
24.3

117.8
37.6
35.0
24.3

95.7
31.9

95.
31.

90.1
30.1

254.7
251.1

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas
liquids
Oil and gas field services

719.6

NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals

NONDURABLE GOODS

61,645

Aug.
1 982?

886

250.6
247.0

DURABLE GOODS

July
1982

78.5
16.6
27.9

COAL MINING
BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE MINING .

MANUFACTURING

Sept.
1981

884

104.3
21.4
3 6.2

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing, heating, air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

Aug.
1981

79.4
16.9
28.1

1,201

105.8
21.8
36.5

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

Sept.
1982P

75,990
1,200

GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

Aug.
1962P

91#087

METAL MINING
Iron ores
Copper ores

CONSTRUCTION

July
1982

089

137.6 I
90.1 I
30.2

4,431

4,366

4,147

4,160

3 , 4 89

3,436

3,22 8

3,244

1,149.1
549.0
61.8
538.3

1,124.8
537.2
59.5
528.1

1,036.7
509.6
50.5
476.6

1,027.1
503.9
48.9
474.3

875.9
403.4
34.6
437.9

857.3
394.1
33.5
429.7

778.3
372.8
25. 2
380.3

771.0
369.0
23.7
378.3 I

982.5
2 87.9
694.6

973.7
279.9
693.8

916.5
259.7
€56.8

919.4
262.5
656.9

800.8
244. 9
555.9

793.8
237.4
556.4

7 42.9
220.7
522.2

74".3 I
223.6
523.7

2, 2 9 9 . 2
534.9
150.2
422.8
345.4
127.3
166.4

2,267.1
529.2
145.8
421.0
341.7
123.2
166.0

2,194.
504.
145.8
404.
317.
115.
163.

2,213.6
502.6
146.1
404.4
319.9
116.7

1,706.5 1
367.6
122.4
308.3
268.6
8 6.0
130.4

,725.9
365. P
123.4
308.6 |
270.
87.5 I
132. R

4 , 119

1,812.
397.
126.
32"7.
29 5 .
96.
135.

165.8

1,785.
393.
122.
326.
292.
92.
135.

20,370

20,499

18,693

18,724

18,798

14,153

14,304

12,618

12,6P2

12,164

12,272

11,052

10,928

10,985

8,302

8,423

7,297

7,189

8,206

8,227

7,641

7,796

7,813

5,851

5,881

5,321

£,473

91.2
86.9
15.1
79.5
30.4
94.3
68.5
47.0
25.4
38.8
42.0
70.6
49.9
82.3

68C
89
207
172
29
191
67
45
25
39
41
69
50.0
81.4

626.3
82.9
196.5
165.7
26
173,
64
39
21
34
40.1
61.6
47. 1
71.6

630.6
£3.3
197.9
166.8
26.8
176.
65.
40
21
35,
39
61.8
47.3
72.6

633.5

576.9
69.0
190.5
159. 4
26.5
160.2
54.9
38.0
22.3
34.4
35.9
^2.2
38.5
69. 1

567.
72.
183.
152.
25.
15">.
53.
36.
22.
35.
35.
51.
38.
68.

*-\6.
6 5.
172.
145.
22.
140.
50.
30.
18.
30.
33.
45.
36.
58.

520.3 |
6r,.8 |
173.
146.4 [
23.0
14?. 8
51.3
31.:
19.0 I
30.8
32.R I
45.9
36.8
59.8 |

70.6
98.1
34.0
89.6
28.7
31.5
54.7
23.9
63.4
30.5

474.9
299.9
135.2
90.2
28.9
31.4
56.0
24.2
63.6
31.2

426.1
259.2
115.2
80.0
24.8
28.
53.
23.
59.
31.

439. 1
269.0
120.8
83.0
25.1
28.8
54.7
23.8
60.
31.

443.3

379.
249.
116.
73.
23.
24.
42.8
18.
47.
21.

382
250
117
73
23
24
44.0
18.4
47.7
21.9

334.7
212. 2
9 8. 5
64.1
19.2
21.0
40.6
17.3
4 3. 3
^1.3

345.1
220.9 I
103.5 I
65.
19.4
21. 5 |
41.
17.7
44. 3 I
21.4

DURABLE GOODS
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers • • ■
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
See footnotes at end of table.

68



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry — Continued
[In thousands]

Production workers1

All employees
Industry

1981

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown

Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products

Asbestos products
Mineral wool

6 56.3
18,3
124.1
70.2
53.9
45.3
31.4
42.6
43.6
200.7
19.8
67.9
93.2
138.0
27.9
15.9
30.7

Sept.
1981

652.0
18.6
123

68
54
45
3C
42
43
198

19
67
92
137.7
27.8
16.0
3C.3

July
1982

Aug.
1962P

587.9
14.9
112.6
65.0
47.6
41.8
29.0
34.8
37.5
186
18
52
86
119
24
13,
27

586.
16.
111.
64.
47.

902.1

666.7
372.7
307.5
23.9
153.9
93.0

Sept.
1982P

Aug.
1981

507.
14.
105.
61.
43.
30.
25.
32.
36.
154.
13.
50.

41.
28.
34.
38.
184.
18.

6 1.
8 6.
118.
23.

*74.

99.
18.
12.

13.
27.

Sept.
1981

504
14
104
60
44
30
24
32
36.0
153.8
13,
50
73
99
l

12

July
1982

Aug.
19 82P

445.
11.

446.
13.

94.
57.
37.
27.
22.
25.

93.
56.
37.
2".
23.
25.

30.
142.
12.
46.

30.
141 .
1?.

68.
8 2.
15.
9.

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

1, 1 3 2 . 6 1 , 1 3 1 . 7
5C7.8
513.2
421.7
427.3
32.7
32.7
206.4
201.9
124.
122.9
16.
16.3
52.
51.2
70.
70.1
36.
36.7
207.
207.3
30.
29.8
34.
35.5
88.
86.7
91.
90.9
53.
53.4

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and acessories, nee
Ammunition, exc. for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

1,022.9
1 , 4 1 8 . 4 1,427.4 1,177. 1,193
1 , 5 9 9 . 9 1 , 6 1 5 . 8 1,42 5.
62.
57.0
62
67.6
73.4
67.
72.9
51.
47. 6
52,
55.6
60.3
55.
59.9
119.
97.0
133.8
127,
132.8
160.5
157.8
41.
31.6
42
43.6
55.5
43.5
55.0
66.
56.1
69,
75.4
76.7
89.9
87.8
50.
4 4.3
51,
64.4
64.4
70.4
69.7
20.6
22
2
6
.
7
2
6
.
4
27.1
27.5
21.8
17.2
21
27.7
27.8
32.2
32.0
21.4
46C.4
350,
307.6
351
457.6
513.7
513.6
88.3
72
61.9
72
87
101.8
101.0
60
57.5
60
79,
82.8
79 . 2
83.1
76.7
91
91.0
150.0
130 . 9
150.0
129
7 1. 8
7°.6
79
101 . 0
100,
109.0
109.2
.
4
18.3
21.7
21
27,
27
30.8
30.8
81.2
67.8
80
90
91 . 2
105.4
104. 4
33. 3
39. 3
48
42,
42 . 7
47.4
?e
34.5
41.9
57,
48,
48 . 5
57.0
41
262
173.3
219,
222 . 2
254.7
208.8
201.0
25.5
35.
45
32,
34 . 1
43.8
33.9
7 2. 5
80.
81.8
96
86 . 6
92.1
75.7
.
2
66.8
83.
93.9
108
90,
106.5
81.9
83.
71.7
91.8
103
91 . 3
102.8
82.7
49.5
58.
63.1
70
61,. 6
70.4
57.7
22.2
25,
28.7
32
29.7
32.4
25.0
45.7
43.
71.3
69
71.6
69.6
44. 4
17.4
16.
27.3
2 6 . 2|
27.2
26.7
17. 1
188.
1^P.5
256.7
222.8
223.4
2 54.4
185.9
71.
60.8
104.7
91.0
92.5
104.6
71.0
43.
36. 2
55.0
50.3
48.6
54.7
42.7

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery

2,507.1 2,536.
134.9
136.
45.5
45.
89.4
9C,
149.5
154.
130.8
133.
405.6
4C9.
142.6
146.

383.1
315.3

24.9
154.6
95.2
12.5
35.7
57.3

28.9
185.2
24.8
30.4
80.2

78.6
45.2

12.0

38.7
56.2
28.5
182.6
24.8
30.0
78.0
78.5
44.8

885.1

867.
397.
331.
25.
160.
99.
12.
40.
52.
28.
147.
22.
27.
61.
73,
43.

870.6
394.4
328.5

665.
282.
233.

25.5
164.2
101

18.
118.

12
41
52
28
148
22

26
63
73
44.0

75.
9.
25.
40.
21.
130.
18.
23.

56.
61.
36.

46.
63.
81.
14.

653. 9
274.3
227.8
17.1

117.3
73.5
8.8
29.2
40. 1
20.Q
128.0

13.
22.
54.
61.
36.
,C17.1
57.3
43.0
95.9
31 .5
54.*
44.5
20.8
17.4
305.9
60.9
53.1
75.5
71.3
13.7
67.0
3?.6
34.4
1">0.7
2 4 . *>
68.0
69.*
72. 1
50.9
21.2
45.1
17. 1

158.6
59.3
33.0

2 , 2 6 0 . 0 2 , 2 0 9 . 7 2,209.5 1,576.2 1 , 6 0 4 . 8 1,3^0. 1 1 , 2 0 4 . 9
6*. 2
69.2
109.5
88.4
113. 1
86.1
22."
22.8
42.0
42.7
24 ,4
24. 1
43.5
67.5
70.4
46. 4
64 0
62.0
75.5
121.7
121.4
75. 2
99.0
103, 3
63.3
102.9
105.0
65.4
88 .4
85.9
190."'
216.4
232.8
204.0
269 .5
26^.6
60.3
104.3
112.2
67.6
97 ,3
93.3

See footnotes at end of table.




69

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
Production workers1

All employees
Industry

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL—Continued
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyers and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee

\ug.
1981

Sept.
1981

38.5
123.0
35.9
35.5
362.3
79.2
23.1
136.2
68.3
30.6
197/9
43.2
26.0
38.7
320.0
63.0
55.7
31.4
39.7
27.6
23.1
470.2
395.6
174.3
118.8
292.4
38.1
254.3

38.7
123.7
35.7
34.8
365.8
79.6
23.4
138.0
69.3
3C.8
191.5
43.3
25.8
38.7
323.3
63.6
55.9
31.9
39.8
27.8
23.4
472.8
397.9
178.3
122.5
297.8
39.2
258.6

July
1982

32.1
102.9
31.5
28.4
312.3
59.5
20
126
59
24
178
40
22
38
277.5
55.6
46
28
37
20
18
495
425.8
161.4
108.0
267.6
34.3
233.3

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

\ . 102.5
121.8
54.5
67.3
243.7
125.6
72.3
162.5
32.6
22.5
53.1
202.7
32.4
84.9
21.0
24.1
109.1
83.4
552.3
152.8
399.5
562.5
43.8
225.1
220.3
147.9
29.4
60.7

2,120.0 2,002.3
107.0
122.9
48.6
55.3
58.4
6"7.6
245.1
208.9
127.0
105.7
72.5
64.5
166.5
141.6
30.0
34.9
22.1
20.2
54.0
43.2
182.5
203.1
30.5
32.7
75.2
84.3
20.9
17.8
24.5
21.4
111.6
92
84.8
72
553.1
557
153. 1
141
400.0
416
565.9
572
44.4
43
224.3
236
223.4
225
139.5
151.8
26.8
3C.6
56.0
63.0

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles

1,850.8
746.4
3 20.7
36.7
358.1
27.3
642.5
346.4
157.6
138.5
230.1
185.5
44.6
52.1
123.7
97.1

1,904.5
791.3
350.7
37.4
370.9
27.5
647.3
344.3
162.8
140.2
231
186

See footnotes at end of table.

70



44
53
123
97

1,734.
705.
311,
33.
333,
22.
607.
322.
149,
135.8
203.5
167.3
36.2
37.2
128.0
101.3

Aug.
1982P

Sept.
1982P

31.6
97.5
31.4
27.2
306.9
59.3
19.6
125.0
57.9
23.1
176.3
4C.5
21.9
38.0
272.1
55.0
44.4
28.0
36.9
20.7
17.7
491.9
425.5
155.3
102.0
259.6
34.1
225.5
2,002.5
,992
106
48
58
204
103
64
133.3
23.1
17.1
46.8
184.2
31.3
77.1
17.4
21.7
92.5
72.6
554.8
139.6
415.2
576.3
43.5
235.9
228.7
140.4
28.0
55.3
1,673.
663.
263.
28.
324.
22.
595.
317.
145.
132.
200.
165.
35.
36.
128.
101,

1,707.6

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

A to.
1 9£2*

19.0
68.5
16.4
17. 1
216.7
35.4
12.2
98.3
3 9.6
17.2
108
26
14
23
171
31
33
15,
22
13
12,
195
159
110.4
74.9
199.8
26.3
173.5

18.
64.3 I
15.5|
16.
212.
34.
11.
96.
39.
15.
106.
25.6|
14.4|
2"».
16^.
30.
32.
15. 1 |
22.4 I
13.
11.
189.
156.
103.
68.
192.
26.
166.

1,332.8
87.5
39.3
48.2
174.8
97.8
44
131
28
17
43
149
28
57,
15
18.7
79.8
58.6
267.5
101.7
165.8
332.5
27.0
92.0
156.6
109.5
24. 1
48.9

1,204.0 1,
74.2
34
40,
144
79
38,
109
23
15.0
33.2
132.5
2 6.3
49.8
13.0
15.7
62.6
48.7
259.4
90. 8
168. 6
323.3
26.6
91.9
154. 3
98.4
20. 4
43.6

193.7

1,219,
588
244
28
290
21
344
168
93.0
83.0
176.7
139.6
37. 1
36.6
36.7
26.8

1,079.8 1 ,
521.9
219.1
25..1
257.4
16. 2
305.4
14U.7
8 3.4
77.3
154.8
125.7
?Q. 1
23.1
38.6
29.0

24.0
85.8
20.2
23.0
264.3
51
14
109
49

23.
85.
20.
23.8
260.2
50.9
14.3
107. 1
47.8
23.6
125.4
27.4
18
24
206
37
42
18
24.8
18.2
16
188
148
121
83
223
30
193.0

23
125
27
17
24
*210
37
43
18
25
18.5
16.6
189.3
149.5
125.5
87.1
229.1
31.6
197.5

1,316
86
38
47
173
96
44
128
26
17
42,
149
28
57
15
18
77
57.1
268.0
101.8
166
32 8"
26
91
154
106
22
46.7
1,160.
541,
212.
27,
277,
21.
337,
168,
87,
81.
174,
137.
37.
34.
36.
2f.

7'4. 1 I
34.
39. 9 I
141.0|
77.
33.51
100.7
17.1 |
12.
35.
133.
27.
50.
12.41
16.1
6?.9

48. 9 I
255.1
89. n I
166.7
326.1

2r, .n
91.9

156.8 I
99.
21.6 |
42.
C23.4 |
1181.
192.8 I
20.8

248.8 I
16.
295.1
139.9
81.
74.3
152.c
12'4.*J
28. 1
22.1
3^.7
2 9 . "»

I
|
|
I
I
I

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
Production workers
Industry

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1S82

Aug.
1982P

Sept.
1982P

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT—Continued
Miscellaneous transportation equipment . . . .
Travel trailers and campers

38-1
17.7

38.91
17

39.8
17.3

38.3
17.6

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS. .
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

735.8
78.6
261.4
48.5
61.5
106.0
33.1
161.2
76.4
68.7
41.1
139.9
20.5

732
78
262
46
62
104.9
33.3
16C.9
75.9
68.8
39.7
137.5
20.7

707.6
76.0
244.2
42.1
57.3
104.2
32.4
159
78
66.0
35
142
17

703
74
241
41
56.4
103.8
32
16C
78
66.7
36.0
14 0.3
18.1

699.7

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles . .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

417.0
55.4
35.5
21.6
122.8
65.9
56.9
37.8
46.6
24.2
132-8
46.8

423.8
58.7
38.4
21.1
124.4
66.9
57.5
37.8
46.6
24.0
135.2
47.3

379.6
53.8
34.4
18
108
54,
54.
34
38,
19
126
45

386.
58.
37.
19.
1C8.

391.0

Aug.
1981

24.0
13.7
430
37
163
32
32

66
18. 6
100.6
45.6
45.1

28.6
67. 1
15.1

52
34
41
22.2
126.9
45.8

309
39,
24
17
93
49
43.8
27. 1
35.7
18.8
96.5
34. 1

Sept.
1981

24.9
13.7
429
37
163
32
32

66
18.8
100

45
28
65,
15
316.0
42.2
27
17
95,
50
44.8
27. 1
35.7
18.7
98.7
34.2

July
1982

27.4
13. 2
404. 5
35^0
147.5
27.5

29
63
17
97,
45
43

Aug.
19 62P

25.6
13. 5
401.6
34.3
145.1
27.?
23.4
62.^
17.n

97.6
44. 9
43

25.1
70.0

69.4

11.9

12.9

272.9
37.2
23.8
14.4
80.4
39.0
41.4
23.8
28.5
14.6
88.6
3 2.0

282.1
41.4
26.5
15.1
80.6
40.3
40.3
23.8
31.5
17.5
89.7
32.4

24.9

NONDURABLE GOODS
FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products
TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes
TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills

,759.6 1,763.2 1,668. 1 1,724.8 1 , 7 2 5 . 3
355.6
356.2
341.6
341. 1
15=.9
143.9
155.3
142.2
70.7
70.5
69.5
69.8
116.7
116.3
114.5
115.0
17C
172.4
173.3
171.8
35.8
35
35.9
35.5
97.5
94.7
96
94.8
307.7
300.2
314
252.0
27
26.5
23.7
26.6
147
151.9
99.4
142.5
56.0
50.3
50.4
53.4
14C.8
135
140.2
136.6
26.5
25.9
25
25.9
54.0
53.5
52
52.3
219-3
220.9
219
218.9
178
178.0
177
178.3
41
41.3
41
42.6
96
104.9
107.6
103
28.5
26
28.6
26
58.7
48
56.2
55
42.2
41
41.4
41
237.7
237
239.9
238
5C.1
47.7
50.6
49
139.2
142.2
143.9
144.8
172.8
177.3
173.0
171.2
73.8
47.3

75.7
47.1

60.9
46.1

829.7
140.3
111.7
18.8
24. 1
221.3
32.0
33.4
74.7
30.3

831.5
140.3
112.4
18.7
24.4
221.4
31.9
33.2
75.0
30.0

726.5
118.7
92.4
15.8
20.9
202. 1
30.6
31.7
69.5
27.2

68.9
44.9
737.5
118.8
94.6
15.8
22.5
205.4
31.3
31.4
71.5
28.0

1,230.9

296.6
127.4
52.6
105.3
96.7
27.2
44.0

263.4
20
135,
43
97
16,
35

127
95,
32,
79. 2
20.4
45.3
30.5
105.4
31.8
47.6
133.3
58.0
35.7

740.5

718.
124.
100.
15.
21.
191.
28.
30.

63.
26. 1

1,238.
298.
128.
52.
105.

94.
27.
43.
270.
21.
131.

49.
97.
16.
35.
129.

95.
34.
82.
20.
47.
31.
104.
31.
45.
130.
60.1
35.7
721
124
101
15
21
191
28
30

64.0
25.9

1,146.7
285.2
117.7
51.8
103.7
97.9
27.3
43.2
210.8
17.2
82.8
44.2
91.8
16.0
33.4
12R.8
95.7
3 3. 1
72.9
19.7
39. 1
30.7
100.9
30. 1
47. 9
12 7 . 7

46.7
35.7
20,
03,
81
13,
17.
74
27,

28.6
59.5

22.9

1 ,203.6
284."'
116.2
51.8
104.2

97.5
26.9
43 2
257 9
20
125
47

93
16
33
12*

1
5
0
2
3
5
2

94
33 4
79 2
1Q 6
45.0
30.7
102.4

31.3
47.7
12P.8
54.7
34.3
630.8
103.9
83.6
13.0
19.5
177.8
28.0
28.5
61.4
23.6

See footnotes at end of table.




71

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
Production workers1

All employees
Industry

\ug.
1981

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS—Continued
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills.
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

29.5
70.6
29.3
27.2
53.4
123.0
83.3
20.4
66.5

Sept.
1981

29
70
29
27
53
123
83
20
67. 1

,260.3
77.5
354.8
99.1
72.3

1,270.5
77.9
354.6
99.7
7C.8

102.8
414.0
62.9
138.6
67.0
145.5
91.8
73.3
18.5
63.3
26.7
59.3
176. 1
27.9
49.5
28.8

1C3.0

416.3
62
139
67
146
93
74
18
64

27.2
59.0
181.4
28.2
51.2
31.4

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except buildine, paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

695.
206.
178.
64.
222.
56.
25.
49.
202.

697,
206
177
63,
222
55
25.4
50.6
204.5

43.
103.
25.

44.0
104.5

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commerical printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

1,265. 9
4 23-3
96.8
98.9

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations.
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals

1,

See footnotes at end of table.

72




69.8
29.1

47.6
415.5
153.9

239.0
49.2
64.4
43.9
112.0
160.2
105.6
195.5

78.6
82.
200.
158.
145.
44.

6 2.

24.9
1,270.0

422.6
97.4
97.3
68.8
28.5
47.2
421.2
156.7
212.0
49.4

64.0
44.5
1,11C1
160.2
105.4
195. 1

79.0
82.6
199.9
1C8.0

147.2
44.5
63.5

38.

39.2

64,

63.3

180.3

179.7

July
1982

24.0
64.2
27.5
23.6
47.6
106.5
73.5
17.3
58.3
1,093
7C
315

90
65
9C
333
49.8
113.2
51.6
119.0

82.9
67.3
15.6

60
25
48
160
24
44
26
657.9
197.0
170.6

59.8
212.2
55.3
24. 1
48.0
188.9
41.3

95.7
24.6
1 , 263
424
100,

97
69
28
48.
410
148.9
239.0
48.5
62.7
44.7
1,074.3
153.2
100.8
182.9
74
77
200
157
145
43

Aug.
1982P

Sept.
1982P

25.0
58.8
23.9
22.7
42.9
110.9
76.3
18. 1
52.5

23.
65.
27.
24.
47.
109.
75.
17.
58.
1, 153.
73.
324.
91.

1,

160.2

54.
121.
57.
121.
78.

61.
126.
55.
130.
63.
68.

63.
14.
53.
23.

14.
59.
25.
52.
163.
25.

46.
26.
661.2

62.
44.

180.7
74.0
75.8
201. 5
158.6
147.8
44.8

62

63.6

38
60
174

39.4

60.6
174.2

1,067.8

85.1
358.8

54.6
123.4

57.6
123.2

79.5
65.0

527.0
155.7

132.7
50.5
163.8

132.7
50.3

36. 4

36.2
19.8
39.5
156.8
34.4
77.4
20.2

694.9

164.2

July
1982

20. 1
52.6
22.3
19. 5
3 7 . U.
94.5
66. 3
15. 1
45.6

A ig.
1 9 82°

20.
53 . 4 I
22.2
20. 1 |
36.
9". 2 [
68.4

15.5 I
45.

266.9
76.8
56.6
75. 1

«74 . 7 |
64.2
275.2 I
77.9
58.0
77. 4

280.9
41.6
9->. 7
43.4
98.2
70.1
58.2
11-9
51.2
22.7
40.0
130.1
19.5
36.9
21.2

319.4
52.9
109.
4^.4
109.4
70."
51.
11 . 2
5T.0
23. 1
44.0
133.0
20.6
33.9
21.0

489.3
147.8
126.5
46.1
153.1
34.7
18.3
36.9
14 2 . 3
31.9
69.7
19.8

491 . 6
147.
126.
43.8
154.3
35. 1
18. Q
• 37.1
143.6
32.0

918.4
61.0

|
j

|
I
|

|
I
|
I

70.7 |
19.
689.8 |
158."
21.3

699. 3
161. 4
19.1
48.0
24.8
23.2
25.3

688. 1
159.5

305. 1
113.2
173.6
34. 1
52.9
32.3

309.9

299.7

116.2
175.4
34.4
52.2
32.8

109.6
172.6
34.0

631.3
87.5
57
130
46
58
99
77
92
29.0
41.8
21.2
32.3
91.1

629.8
87.9

593
80
52,

594.3
8^.3 |
52.

117
43
53,
98
75.7
9 0.6
28. 1
41.4
51. 1
29.6
87.5

115.
43.
52.5 |
93.3
75. 1

161. 4
18.5

49.6
25.9
23.7
24.9

48.
411.
148.
240.
48.

0
68 0
302 5
85 9
61 8

1,083

^24.3
154.8

19.4

97.
68.
29.

24.9
59.3
24.2
22.8
43.1
111.2
76.3
18. 1
52.9-

50.
143.
23.
40.
2 3.

39.0

1,2£4.
1 ,265.5
423.
100. 8

Sept.
1981

14.
54.
24.
50.
149.
23.
42.
26.

155. 2
34.2
76.3
20.7

41.
96.
24.

1,07 4.0
153.2
100. 5

1,073.

67.
303.
85.
63.
85.
356.

66.
93.
374.

658.
196.
170.
59.
212.
55.
24.
48.
189.

Aug.
1981

57.5
129.2

46.8
58. 2
100.2

77.6
93

29
42
21
31

90

21.7
49.4

26. 2
2 3. 2
24.R

51.0
32.9

49.6 |
25.
23.
25. 1
301 . 1
110.0 j
1"»3.3
33.7
51 . ?
32."

9?. 3 I
29.1
42.2
21.5 I

29.5 I
8^

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
All «mployt«s

Industry

1981

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Cont'd
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals,
nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

142.2
70.3
95-6

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

38.1

Sept.
1981

38.0

July
1S82

Production worktrt

Aug.
1982P

Sept.
1982P

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

35.5

35.7

23.5

23.5

141.
69.
95.

139.2
65.5
91.2

138.5
64.7
91.3

67.6
43.5
55. 3

66.
43.
55.0,

220.7
177.3
31. 1

218.
175.
30.

209.3
168.8
28.7

209.6
168.2
29.6

213.3

138.0
106.6
23.7

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS . . .
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

749. 2
107.4
22.5

752.9]
107.4
22.6

689.3
98.4
21.2

694.3
97.5
20.9

699.6

24.3
106.8
488.2

24.6
1C7.7]
490.6

20.1
94.0
455.6

19.3
94.8
461.8

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS

239.1
21.3
146.5
58.7
54.5
15.3
30.6

237.4
21.5
143.7]
58.9
51.6
15.3
31.2

198.4
17.3
120.3
46. 1
46.1
13.3
25.8

211.
18.
130.
51.
48.
12.
27.

Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

5,180

5,227

5,054

5,034

RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION
Class I railroads2.

500.6
461.9

497.0
457.9

438.7
403.7

429.7
395. 8

LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER
TRANSIT
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses

220.4
80.5
45.4
40.4
37.2

285.4
83.2
46.2
39.7
97.6

230.9
83.6
43.5
38.8
47.3

228.6
84.5
43.5
39.4
43.8

WATER TRANSPORTATION

223.2

222.8

199.9

189.7

TRANSPORTATION BY AIR

462.4
410.9

456.5
404.8

444. 1
392.4

445. 1
393.9

22.8

22.1

222.4

220.0

Air transportation
PIPE LINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS
TRANSPORTATION SERVICES
COMMUNICATION
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

.

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
WHOLESALE TRADE
WHOLESALE TRADE - DURABLE GOODS
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment . . . .
Furniture and home furnishing
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment . .

21.9
65.8
38.3
50.9

135.
105.
23.

125.
96.
21.

124.8
95.2
22.5

579.7
73.6
19.9

584.2
74.4
T9.9

527.0
69.8
18.5

532.6
69.5
13.0

17.0
83.4
385.8

17.
84.
388.

14.1
70.9
353.7

13.5
11. 0
359.6

210.3

202.6
18. 0
126.5
50.4
47. 1
11.4
25.?

201.
18.
124.
50.
44.
11.
25.

164.7
14.2
102.3
37.9
40.3
9.6
20.8

177.5
15.1
111.5
42.8
42. o
9.3
22.4

5, 068

4,292

4,338

4,173

1,14*

201.0
73.2

265.9
76.0

212.4
77.3

210. 1
78.1

36.2

35.7

36. 1

1, 107.8 1,112.2 1,052.3 1,054.1
1,034.2 1,037.3
Q85.5
$84.0
74.9
73.6
70.1
66.8

22.9
226. 5

Aug.
19 62?

6 5.
38.
50.

1,268.8 1,273.8 1,210.7 1,213.0
1,180.5 1,185.1 1,130.2 1,129.3
88.3
80.5
83.7
88.7

TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

July
1982

16.1

15.5

15.8

225.8

1,392.4 1,391.3 1 , 3 9 8 . 8 1 , 3 9 5 . 5
1,082. 1 1,077.1 1,C70.8 1,C66.6
217. 1
2 07.8
208.7
217.6
867.4
857.6
881.3
884.1
410.0
407.2
420.2
420.9
180.5
175.9
183.1
184.4
202.2
199.7
200.2
200.6
50.8
51.3
54.2
54.5

1,041. 1 1 , 0 3 9 . 2 1,061.3 1 , C53.7
782.9
789.7
'/86.6
787.6
177. 5
168.6
177. 2
168.1

20,664

20,731

20,600

20,560

20,569

5,402

5,388

5,315

5,304

5,282

3,201
414.7
116 7
193, 5
71, 4
153 0
434 6
2 45.5

3,187
414.5
117.8
190.7
71.8
153.2
435.1
243.9

3,126
415.6
116.6
182.2
72.0
137.4
434.6
237.5

3,119
415.5
117.0
183.0
71.5
136.1
434.0
236.8

"M1.2
332.2
148.0
166.6
44.5

701.7
329.3
143.2
164.8
45.0

714.6
335.4
148.3
164.2
47.6

18,052

18,125

17,999

17,947

4,395

4,380

4,299

4,7<M

2,598
334.2
95
159.
57
123
350
200

2,583
334. o
96.2
156.8
57.1
123.1
349.5
198.3

2,513
335.7
9 5.7
14*.7
58.1
10 8.5
348.6
192.1

2,501
334.2
96.**
149.4
5^.8
10^.r
246.^
19^.9

714. Q
335.1
149.2
164.0
47.1

See footnotes at end of table.




73

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]
Production workers1

Alrikmployess
Industry
Aug.
1981

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE GOODS—
Continued
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
1982P

Sept.
1982P

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
19«2

*ug.
1962?

1,365.6
206.2

1,353.3
206.4

1,352.5
177.6

1,349.2
176.0

2,201
155.0
150.8
170.1
674.9
134. 1
235.3
145.0
394.0

2,201
154.7
150.2
169.9
670.7
133.9
233.8
143.7
397.3

2,189
157.8
155.1
169.8
666.5
136.7
234.3
148.8
396.9

2,185
158.6
154.3
170.1
663.1
137.0
231.0
147.2
396.6

15,262

15,343

15,285

15,256

613.1
324.3
150.0

6C8.9
320.2
149.9

598.1
314.0
147.2

594.8
312.0
147.4

518.0
274.7
128.1

GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

2,210.8
1,851.9
230.2
128.7

2,222.7
1,863.0
231.3
128.4

2,199.0
1,845.2
221.3
132.5

2, 191.0
1,838.5
220.1
132.4

1,999.4
1,675.5
213.6
110.3

2 , 0 1 7 . 3 2,0 39.5 ? , C 3 0 . ? |
1,692.8 1,720.0 1,712.
214.4
204.6
2 0 2 . "M
110. 1
114. 9
11'4. 8

FOOD STORES
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioned
Retail bakeries

2,421.2 2,444.6
2,127.2 2,149.0
54.9
55.0
125. 1
127.4

2,465.2 2,464.9
2 , 1 6 6 . 2 2, 1 6 5 . 6
55.3
55.9
126.8
125.1

2,249.9
1,982.3

2,272.2
2,003.4

115.3

117.3

AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS AND SERVICE
STATIONS
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

1,660.2
748.2
268.9
562.2

1,657.2
749.9
270.4
558.3

1,659.8
738.1
277.1
556.6

1,652.5
736.4
276.7
555.2

1,407.5
612.9
233. 2
491.7

APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

949.2
124.6
340. 1
177.2
206.1

958.5
126.0
345.3
177.9
206.9

948.3
125.6
341.2
174.0
207.2

954.8
123.2
343.5
178.8
209.6

FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHINGS
STORES
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

595.7
371.8
78.6
145.3

597.7
371.9
78.7
147.1

587.6
362.2
81.2
144.2

586,6
360.9
80.4
145.3

EATING AND DRINKING PLACES

4,878.0

4,891.9

4,877.2

4, 861.5

4,492.6

4,512.5

4,485.0

MISCELLANEOUS RETAIL
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1,933.7
500.7
136.1
6 07.9
258.9
99.8
2 67.5

1,961.7
4S7.8
133.3
627.0
272.4
10C.3
268.0

1,949.8
494.6
136.3
629.4
263.8
99.9
261.9

1,949.5
494.5
133.5
629.0
268.1
100.0
260.7

1,685.8
452.2

1,711.3
449.6

1 , 6 9 3 . 9 1 ,692 . 7
44^.7
442. 4

519.2
238.7
82.8
223.8

536.8
251.7
83.0
223.7

WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
RETAIL TRADE
BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN
SUPPLIES
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL
ESTATE ?

5,374

5,327

5,423

1,644.9
1,499.0

1,632.3
1,487.2

1,667.5
1,520.4

1,663.4
1,516.3

CREDIT AGENCIES OTHER THAN BANKS
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

585.7
264.3
203.2

582.0
263.7
201.3

588.2
274.4
193.4

588.2
274.9
193.4

SECURITY. COMMODITY BROKERS, AND
SERVICES
Security brokers and dealers

268.5
221.0

267.6
221.0

280.5
233.5

280.7
233.8

1,236.4
541.4

1,229.3
538.3

BANKING
Commercial and stock savings banks

INSURANCE CARRIERS
Life insurance
See footnotes at end of table.

74




1,103.9
174.2
1,797
125.6
127. 1
133
579
96
177
121
320
15,287

5,367

1,230.5 1,228.4
543. 1
543. 1

13,657

1,092.5 1,078.3 1 , H 2 .
147. 3
145.61
174.6
1,797
125.2
126
132
576,
96
175
120
322
13,745

513.2
271.0
127.4

1,78 6
127. 0
130
133
5^4
97
175
12 4,
323
13,700

504.6
26 6. 1
12 5 . 7

1,^0|
127.
130.1|
13?
568.0|
97.7
173.3
12?. 6
323.0 I
1 3,666 l

500.^
264.M
125.9 I

2,285.9
2,014.5

2 , 285.9
2,C15.0|

1,406.2
614.6
234.3
489.8

1,401.5
605.7
238.9
485.5

1 ,392.6 |
601.
239.1 |
Q83.

812. 1
105.4
294.7
155.8
169.4

819.6
106.9
299.3
155.8
169.9

803.7
106.2
29 3 . 0
151.5
167.6

610.
104.
294.6 |
156.
170.6 |

49 1 . 7
307.6
67.3
116.8

493. 1
307.9
66.9
118.3

485.6
299. 5
68.6
117.5

484 . 0
29"^. P
67. 8
113.4

4,070

4,024

1,258.0
1,140.2

1,245.9
1 , 129.4

U,468.8

537.2
243.5
8 2.6
219.1

536.1 I
247.
8~>.4 |
217.

4,073

4,059 |

1,251.3 1 , 2 I T .
1, 1 3 3 . 5 1 , 178.

444.8
200. 1
157.4

440.7
199.2
155.4

444. 5
20Q. 8
147.8

U44. 1 I
209.9
147.4

855.7
337. 1

848.9
334.0

841.2

839. 3
334.4 I

334.6

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry — Continued
[In thousands]
Production workers

All employees
Industry

Sept.
1981

Aug.
1981

INSURANCE CARRIERS—Continued
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
INSURANCE AGENTS, BROKERS, AND
SERVICE
REAL ESTATE
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers

COMBINED REAL ESTATE, INSURANCE, ETC
HOLDING AND OTHER INVESTMENT OFFICES

19.3

19.3

19.3

19.2

122.7

131.1

131.9

18,740

19,194

19,156

PERSONAL SERVICES
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories

892.0
3 49.5
282.2
71.9

.

Automotive repair shops
MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES
MOTION PICTURES
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters
AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES . .

SOCIAL SERVICES

19,092

897.7
350.4
265.8
71.2

909.1
349.0
294.4
74.5

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

A eg.
19 62?

112.8
34"\4

112.1
344.3

112.4
339.3

112.4
33 7 . 8

16,705

16,663

17,043

16,905

1,063.8 1 , 0 1 7 . 7 1,029.3 1 , C3G.0

905.6
347.5
293.6
14.5

312.8
262.4

312.9
265.1

311.5
270.4

309.6 |
269.

2 , 8 9 2 . 0 2,893.2 2,887.6 2 , 6 9 9 . 3
123.2
120.0
118.9
122.0

3,3 07.6 3,311.7 3,312.2 3 , 3 2 7 . 6
158.7
154.9
159.9
156.0
75.5
76.0
75.9
76.0
131.4
131.0
129.7
128.1
539.6
540.1
523.0
521.5
558.8
561.6
625.4
634.5
356.6
357.1
341.8
339.0

BUSINESS SERVICES
Advertising
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, stenographic
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Computer and data processing services

EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities

fc

1,243.1 1,153.8 1, 196.6 1,209.6
1,158.4 1,110. 1 1,120.7 1,128.1

HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
LEGAL SERVICES

Sept.
1982P

141.3
472.6

123. 1
18,771

SERVICES

HEALTH SERVICES

142.0
473.8

Aug.
1982P

477.6
478.8
466.5
468.1
1,028.1 1,0C7.0 1,027.4 1,025.9
495.2
494.7
• 475.9
482.0
364.5
385.6
388.3
38C.1
128.3
129.2
137.2
131.0

Subdividers and developers

AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES

141.8
474.7

142. 5
477.5

July
1982

473.4

474.7

49 1.8

«l92.'

278.3

280.0

291.8

290.9 I

564.8
365.6

488.8
302.5

490.4
302.1

491.6
303.4

493.6
305.1

573.5
357.3

576.0
357.6

298. 1

299.4

295.6

292.8

251.4

252.3

249.7

247. «

221.5
75.3
135.3

223.2
81.1
130.9

228.6
79.9
138.3

225.4
78.6
136.8

192. 1
60.7

193.5
66.3

19R.6
64.9

195. R
63.9

872.9

826.7

976.5

964.8

797.5

•751.6

892.1

682.0

581.7
363.2

5,022.3 5,214.2 5 , 2 2 0 . 4
=5,021.
677.2 ]
6^2.9
654. 1
655.
34 4. 3
340.
319.8
319.
973. 1
575.3 I
941.0
941.
2 , 6 8 6 . 5 2,688.1 2,783.7 2 , 7 8 3 . 3 I

5 , 6 0 9 . 4 5 , 6 1 2 . 3 5,818.5 5 , 8 3 2 . 4
629.9
821.5
795.2
794.6
388.7
362.7
387.3
362. 1
1,039.9 1,039.7 1,074.0 1,076.9
2,929.8 2 , 9 3 0 . 4 3,030.4 3,C30.1
536.7

583.4

577.7

9 8 7 . 0 1,119.3
263.6
297.7
610.4
706.6

997.6
271.8
607.6

S77.5
264.7
594.6

544.6

466.0

457.1

494.7

488.7 I

882.5
494.4
268.5

870.1
483.7
269.0

873.7
475.2
279. 3

668.3
471.7
278.4

1,153.2 1,144.8 1 , 188.6 1, 181. 1

MEMBERSHIP ORGANIZATIONS

1,523.6 1,511.8 1,547.7 1,530.0

MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

1,058.5 1,048.4 1,069.5 1,065.2
574.2
574.4
578.0
582.6
349.4
334.1
349.3
333.9
15,097

GOVERNMENT
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
4

Executive, by agency

Department of Defense
Postal Service
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial

2,803

15,529)

15,008

14,664

15,197

2,135

2,794

2,773

2,704

2 , 7 4 8 . 1 2 , 6 8 C 8 2 , 7 3 7 . 6 2,716.9
90 3.3]
930.7
964.5
954.1
660.2
663.3
665.6
663.8
1, 154. 1 1,117.31 1, 107.5 1,C99.0
38.5
'39.7
40.9
40.3
15.5
15.3
15.7
15.8

See footnotes at end of table.




75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]

^ ^
Production worker* 1

ampler
1972
SIC
Code

Industry

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT-Continued
Federal Government, by industry
Manufacturing activities
Shipbuilding and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except
Postal Service
Services
Federal government hospitals

806
82

806
82

STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
State government
State government hospitals
State education
General administration including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Local government hospitals
Local education
General administration including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

133.2
78.4

129.1
75.7

139.6
82.8

138.0
81.9

42. 4
400. 4
232.7

42.4
395.4
231.0

42.5
406.1
238.4

42.5
404.6
238.0

12,794

12,214

12,091
3,380.1
516.8
1,145.4

12,294
3,421.4

3,546.8 3,386.7

520.6
1,166.7

517.6
1,336.5

518.8
1,147.5

1,070.7 1,047.8
8,872.1 9 , 2 4 6 . 9
581.C
581.2
629.1
630. 1
4,250.8 4,920.2

1,013.
8,827.
584.
C50.
4,212.

3,017.3

3,027.4

2,798.0

Data relate to production and related workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction
workers in construction; and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; whole­
sale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. *
2
Beginning January 1978, data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of 550,000,000
or more.
3
Data for nonoffice sales agents excluded from nonsupervisory count for all series in this division.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to civilian employment only and
exclude Central Intelligence and National Security Agencies.

76




Aug.
1982P

Sept.
1982P

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
19 62?

Sspt.
1982^

12,493

1,C67.8
8,711.0
565.4

65C.8
4, 129.1

2,566.9
-

Data not available.
p = preliminary.

NOTE: Data from April 1981 forward are subject to revision when more recent
benchmark data are introduced. See "Benchmark adjustment" in the Explanatory Notes
of this publication.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
[In thousands]

June
1981

TOTAL
PRIVATE SECTOR
MINING
METAL MINING

Julj
1981

June
198?

May
1982

39,216

38,363

9,366

39,358

31,410

31,2 89

1,499

31,578

131

134

140

141

10.0

10. 0

6 .6

6.4

10.6

11. 1

11 . 7

11.5

100.2

103. 0

111 . 7

113.0

Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural
gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

64.0
36.2

66. 0
37 0

69 .4
42 .3

71.1
41.9

NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel

10.3
2.8
3.3

10. 3
2 .8
3 .3

9 .5
2 .7
3 .0

9.7
2.8
3.1

COALMINING
OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION

387

391

381

386

130.2
74.0
14.9
M.3

130.8
74.5
14.8
H1.5

120.7
68.6
13.5
38.6

121.9
69.8
13.4
38.7

Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

65.8
19.1
46.7

67.5
19.4
48.1

63.6
14.3
49.3

66.5
15.4
51.1

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing, heating, air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

191.2
52.1
12.1
36.5
21.4
14.5
12.5

192.8
52.4
12.0
36.7
21.6
14.6
12.6

196.5
52.3
11.9
37.7
21.6
13.6
1*2.6

197.2
52.9
11.9
38.0
21.0
13.7
12.7

CONSTRUCTION
GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS . .

MANUFACTURING

6,416

6,333

6,040

6,049

DURABLE GOODS

3,083

3,046

2,886

2,880

NONDURABLE GOODS

3,333

3,287

3,154

3,169

DURABLE GOODS
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Wood containers . . .*
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

105.2
5.5
20.4
14.4
41.7
7.1
9.2

21.3

91.7
5.4

8.8
21.0

127.
41.
23.
17.
13.
1.
6.
14.
15.
31.

116,
36.
21.
14.
12.0
1.7
5,
13.
14.

116.
36.
21.
14.
12.
1.
5.
13.
14.
28.

125.0
42.6
32.2
18.0

106.5
31.9
22.7
15.9

138.8
97.3
41.1
31,7

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS

128.2
41.3
23.4
17.9
13.3
1.9
6.5
14.6
15.5
31.8
128.0
42.8
32.2
18.2




6.

7.
18.
131.2
89.6
37.7
29.1
7.8
13.7
5.3
10.?
12.4

111.8
99.9
42.1
32.3
8.7
14.1
5.1
10.7
12.0

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Iron and steel foundries

5.
17.
12.
35.

132.
91 ,
38.
29,
8.
13,
5.
10,
12.

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass contaniers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products

17.3
12.2
35.4
6.9
7.5
19.2

92.

8.6

13. 7
5, 1
10, 7
12.0

29.

106.0
30.9
21.9
15.9

77

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]

Industry

July
1981

June
1981

May
1982

June
1982

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES —Continued
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries
FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades.
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

8.8
1.2
4.5
5.4
2.5
40.1

3.6
4.2
24.1
15.7
8.2

307. 1
11. 7
9, 9
46. 4
13. 4
26. 9
16. 6
67. 3
7. 3
19. 5
17 3
14 5
20. 9
10 4
10 5
46. 3
3. 5
12 .6
27 8
22 .5
16 .6
5 .9
20 .0
55 .4
21 .3
13 .8

307.5
12.0
10.1
46.2
13.1
27.1
16.5
67.8
7.1
20.3
17.1
14.4
21.0
10.5
10.5
46.3

492.
20.

49.0
38.9

499 .0
21 .7
6 .4
15 .3
24 .2
16 .7
51 .3
14 .4
18 .7
51 .9
9 .0
14 .8
12 .2
27 .6
5 .4
4 c
7 .0
58 .5
10 .8
12 .4
181 .4
155 .0
35 .6
23 .7
46 .8
37 .5

891.9
45.1
18.7
26.4
91.9
50.6
29.0
60.8
10.7
5.0
2e.5
90.8
19.4

866 .2
42 .5
17.8
24 .7
82 .3
43 .9
27 .7
52 .3
8 .3
3 .6
25 .4
84 .9
20 .3

864.8
42.1
1">.4
24.7
81.5
43*8
27.0
53.2
8.5
3.5
26.4
84.1
19.4

22.6
15.0
7.8

4.
15.
32,
24
17.

6
19
60,
23.
14

6.8
19.4
60.0
23.3
13.9

311.9
23.3

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT . . . .
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps

9C3. 7
47.5
19.6
27*9
93.1
51.8
29.2
61.2
10.9
4.9
28.1
94.2
20.c,




7.0
1.0
3.9
4.3
1.
34.
3.
3.
21.
14.
7.

337.8
12.9
11.0
54.6
15.4
32.4
17.0
73.9
7.8
21.7
19.0
15.5
23.6
11.5
12.1
52.3
4.3
14.0
31.4
24.1
17.3

3 43.
13.
11,
55.
15.
33.
16.
74.
7,
21,
19.
15,
23,
11.
12.
cc

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Oil field machinery
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Machinery, except electrical, nee

78

6. 9
9
4. 0
4. 4
1.9
34. 8
3.0
3. 1
21. 5
14. 0
7. 3

8.7
1.1
4.5
5.2
2.4
38.4
3.5
4.1

6.6
16.
24.
19.
52.
15.
17.

59.8
10.7
16.8
14. 1
30.
5.
5.

6.
64.
11.
14.
167.

140.5
39.7
26.7
49.5
39.2

5C9
23
6
16
24
19
53
15
17
58
10
16
13.8

30.2
5.7
4.9
6.9
63.7
11.5
13.7
169.1
142.3
38.0
25.1

3.4
12.9
27.6
22.6
16.7
5.9
20.3
54.8
20.9
13.7

6,
14.
22.
16.
49.
13.
17.
51.
8.
14,
12.
27.

5.
4.5
7.2
58.1
10.5
13.1
181.9
156.0
35.0
23.2
46.3
37.2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry — Continued
[In thousands]

Industry

June
1981

July
1981

May
1082

June
1982

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT—Continued

57.0
H2.6
12.7
75.0
27.7
85.0
16.6
02.8
16.8
53.0
22.9

40.5
56.5
42.2
211.7
74.3
137.4
282.1
16.7
102.5
114.3
53.0
23.0

36.8
50.9
37.7
211.1
69.7
141.4
287.1
16.0
105.5
119.5
55.1
24.8

37.3
50.0
38.2
210.0
68.
141.
288.
16.
106.
119.
55.
24.

14.7
17.7
43.9
4.2
66.2
24.2
67.7
29.0
27.5
24.9
18.6
5.9
27.3
22.2
7.8

312.3
113,9
42.
4.
63.
124.
68.
28.
27.
25.
19.
5.
27.
22.
7.

285.
100.
34.
3.
59.
117.
64.
25.8
26.9
23.
1"
4.
29.
23.
7.

286.
100.
33.
3.
60.
117.
64.
25.
27.0
23.7
17.0
4. 1
29.4
24.1
7.2

3C9.4
24.5
1 10.8
23.9
20.7
47.9
11.9
65.6
42.8
34.9
24.1
41.0
11.5

303.
24.
105.
21.
19.
47.
11.8
88.1
43.
37.
22.
40.
10.

304.
24.
105.
21.
19.
47.
11.
88.
44.
36.7
22.4
41.5
10.8

94.1
25.9
10.0
63.2
34.6
28.6
20.2
26.9
47.9

190.
24.
9.
63.
35.
27.
20.
24.
47.

177.9
25.3
9.0
56.0
29.1
26.9
18.8
23.3
45.5

178.4
25.3
8.6
56.3
30.0
26.3
18.6
23.7
45.9

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats .
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products . .
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products

89.8
17.0
28.4
21.4
60.5
38.2
17.1
88. 1
8.1
24.5
22.4
29.3
57.7
38.6
19.1
28.6
5.7
41.6
7.6
18.6
73.6

510.4
117.2
28
21
61
38
17
107
8
43
20
29.0
57.4
38
19
38
5
42

469.5
113.1
27.1
21.
58.
36.
16.
83.
8.
22.1
20.6
28.2
57.7
38.9
18.8
37.7
5.9
43.5
8.5
19.7
64.1

479.
114.
26.
21.
59.
37.
16.
86.
8.
23.
21.
28.
58.
39.
19.
38.
5.
44 . 0
8.4
20.0
66.0

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

23.0
15.3

23.0
15.3

21.0
13.7

21.4
14.4

Current-carrying wiring devices
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Engine electrical equipment
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories . .
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing . . .
Ship building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts . . .
Guided missiles and space vehicles . . .
Miscellaneous transportation equipment.
INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases
MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Miscellaneous manufactures

m.5

312.
24,
112.
23.
21,
48.
11.
67.
43.
36.
24.
40.
11.

NONDURABLE GOODS




19
74.

79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry— Continued
[In thousands]

Industry

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetic
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear . . . .
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouse's and waists . .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garmerts
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

July
1981

June
1991

3S6. 6
61. 6
46. 5
7. c
14. 4
142. 6
24. 8
24. 1
51. 3
23. 0
11. 3
21. 5
9. 6
6. 1
22. 3
60. 5
38. 5
12. 0
19. 7
1,026. 9
60. 3
300. 7
£6. 1
61. 0
66. 3
355. 4
55. 7
122. 0
52. 8
124. 9
79. 0
63. 7
15. 3
56. 0
24. 2
44. 6
114. 0
21. 3
30 5
17. 0

|

May
1982

June
1982

388.9
60.9
46.3
6.8
13.9
140.3
24.5
24.0
51.0
21.9
11.2
20.4
9.1
5.8
22.2
59.1
38.1
11.4
19.0

361.9
55.5
39.6
6.7
13.6
132.5
23.9
22.1
49.3
20.3
9.9
20.5
9.8
5.4
20.9
55.2
35.6
10.4
17.4

355. 8
53. 3
36. 0
6. 5
13. 5
134. 1
24. 3
22. 3
50. 1
20. 7
9. 7
20. 5
9. 7
5. 4
20. 9
54. 1
35. 1
10. 3
16. 9

980.3
58.3
290.6
84.0
59.2
62.3
334.2
54.8
111.0
50.5
1 17.9
77.2
62.2
15.0
55.1
24.1
111.8
106.8
20.4
29.6
13.3

944.1
57.9
278.1
80.7
57.7
78.3
320.7
52.7
110.5
43.0
114.5
74.3
61.5
12.8
53.0
23.1
39.9
104.2
18.8
29.5
13.7

951. 4
58. 4
280. 3
82. 6
57. 1
79. 8
323. 0
53. 4
110. 1
46. 4
113. 1
73. 9
61. 3
12. 6
53. 7
23. 4
40. 5
105 3
18. 8
29. 9
14 1

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paoer
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper product:
Paperboard containers and boxes

162. 4
28 .7
25. 7
6. 1
78. 8
48 .8

161.7
28.8
25.9
6.1
78.8
48.0

154.0
26.8
24.1
5.6
76.3
45.3

153 5
27 6
24 9
5 6
75 .2
45 1

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

5C5 .0
161 0
56 1
53 .9
26 .8
132 0
12 c
73 . 1
15 .9
33 .2
11 .4

505.8
161-5
57.2
53.1
26.5
121.2
51.9
72.9
15.8
33.8
11.7

517.6
165.2
59.0
54.3
27.2
134.9
51.7
*?6.6
15.7
33.8
12.7

516, 2
166 1
59 .2
52 7
27 .6
133 .2
51 .4
75 .6
15 .P
33 .9
12 .7

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Gum, wood, and industrial organic
chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

267 .7
24 .5
16 .4
U3 .3
11 . 5
22 . 1
86 .6
72 .7
60 .2
10.1
27. 5
12.5
27 .8

267.3
24.1
16.2
43.7
11.8
22.2
86.9
72.9
59.8
10.0
37.3
12.5
28.0

280.7
24.1
16.1
41.2
11.0
21.8
86.2
72.1
^7.2
9.5
'35.6
11.7
28.0

283 . 1
24 .5
16 .3
40 .9
11 .1
21 .6
86 .6
72 .3
59 . 2
10 .1
36 .9
11 .8
28 .2

23. 1
11 .0
21 .8

23.3
11.0

23.5
10.9
21.4

80



I

21.3

|

23 .7
10 .8
21 .1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricuhtural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]

June
1981

Industry

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
Petroleum refining

July
1981

31,
26.

Hay
1982

32.2
26.8

June
1982

32.1
26.9

32.
27.

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS . .
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

266.
10.
14.

260.
10,
13.

245.6
9.2
12.9

247.
9.
13.

7.
37,
197.1

7.
36.
192.

5.2
33.3
185.0

5.
33.
186.

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS

143.
3.
S7.
36.8
38.

136.
2.
93.
34.
37.
7.
20.1

127.5
2.8
85.9
31.1
33.7
7.4
18.4

129.2
2.7
88.0
32.1
34.5
7.6
18.5

1,346

1,328

1,347

1,348

Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

TRANSPORTATION AND
PUBLIC UTILITIES
LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER
TRANSIT
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses
TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing
WATER TRANSPORTATION
TRANSPORTATION BY AIR

68 .6
15. 3
6. 7
5. 0
38 3

42 8
14 8
6. 5
4. 8
13 .9

85 .0
16 .9
6 .8
4 .8
52 .7

79.1
16.8
6.6
4.9
47.2

154 3
138. 8
15. 5

154. 1
138 .0
16, 1

152 .2
135 7
16 .5

153.6
137.0
16.6

24.2

25.2

25.4

26.0

151.2
1H2.3

152. 1
143.2

146.6
137.0

144 0
134 .1

Air transportation

3.2

3.3

3.3

3 3

1C1.4

103.1

113.6

115 2

COMMUNICATION
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting

650.8
555.9
67.8

653 1.
558 1
67. 6

628.7
524.7
73.0

630 2
525. o
73 .5

ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES . .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

165.0
76.9
39.4
37.3
6.3

167. 6
77. 7
40 .5
37. 8
5

168.6
80.2
39.8
36.7
6.5

172. 8
81 7
41. 0
37. 9
6 6

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

8,979

8,937

9,106

0,117

WHOLESALE TRADE

1 ,394

1,388

1,406

1,407

773
68.4
43.6
36.6
24.2
29.6
127.4
65. 8
3C9.5
48.2

88.
43.
36.
24.
29.
125.
66.
312.
46.8

778
90.8
45
36
23
27
128
64
314
46

779
91 . 0
45.5
37.0
24.5
27.6
128.4
64.7
314.8
45.1

621
49.0
€5
63
157
35
54
22,
118.8

615
49.1
64.8
82.8
156.4
35.9
55.6
22.2
1 17.5

6 28
50.4
67.1
83.3
156.8
37.6
55.7
21.9
123.0

628
50.4
67.5
85.2
158.1
37.9
56.0
22. 1
121.4

PIPE LINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS
TRANSPORTATION SERVICES

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE GOODS
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

. .

WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS .
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods




i-

81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]

June
198 1

RETAIL TRADE
BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN
SUPPLIES
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

July
1981

June
1982

May
1982

7,585

7,549

7,700

7,710

164. 2
66.0
56.0

161,
65.
56,

160.7
63.3
54.9

159.2
64.2
55.7

1,H13.
1,151.
179.
82.

1,422.5
1,161.3
177.0
84.2

1,467.
1,210.
171.
86.

1,476.2
1,218.5
169.4
88.3

1,047.4
876.8
17.4
81.5

1,0111.5
874.1
17.3
78.8

1,067.1
893,
17.
82.

1,081.0
906.2
16.7
83.1

AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS AND SERVICE
STATIONS
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

3C7.0
112.0
48.
130.

311.2
111.0
49.2
134.9

312.
108.
50.
138.

318.0
109.0
51.7
141.2

APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

663.
56.
309.
133.
56.

656.5
55.7
302.8
133.8
86.4

664.6
55.6
308.8
132.2
88.3

667,
56.
309,
133.
89.2

FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHING
STORES
Furniture and home furnishings stores,
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

201. 1
135.5
21.8
43.8

202.5
136.3
22.1
44.1

203.7
135.0
22.4
46.3

203.0
133.8
22.6
46.6

EATING AND DRINKING PLACES

2,742.1

2,718.7

2,741.6

2,730.3

MISCELLANEOUS RETAIL
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1,046.1
311.7
36.2
364.0
157.5
22.9
13 2.3

1,034.
310.
36.
361.
153.
22.
128.

1,082. 4
313 0
36 1
384. 3
163 4
24 3
140 1

GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores
FOOD STORES
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioners
Retail bakeries

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

3,176

3,191

3,196

,074. 6
313. 1
36 3
384. 0
162 2
24 .0
133 9
3,227

1,162.
1,069.

1,168.
1,074.

1,168. 4
1,074. 5

1,179.2
1,084.4

402.
1S6.
132.

403.
1S7.
132.

407, 0
204 1
128. 4

409.5
205.5
128.4

SECURITY, COMMODITY BROKERS,
AND SERVICES
Security brokers and dealers

109.
89.

112.
92.

121 .5
100 .9

123.2
102.4

INSURANCE CARRIERS
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

755.
305.
103.
297.1

757.8
3C5.5
103.1
298.1

745 .5
301 2
102 .0
295 .1

747.1
302.0
102.2
295.4

INSURANCE AGENTS, BROKERS,
AND SERVICE

293.3

295.2

302.3

305.8

REAL ESTATE
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

3"6.7
150.8
175.6
35.8

377.3
150.2
176.6
36.4

370.9
154.2
170.2
34.0

382.3
159.1
175.1

COMBINED REAL ESTATE, INSURANCE, ETC .

11.8

11.8

11 7

HOLDING AND OTHER INVESTMENT OFFICES

63.4

64.9

68 .4

10,975

10,S75

1,289

638.-J
612.4

666.3
624.3

607 .6
588 .8

BANKING
Commercial and stock savings banks

CREDIT AGENCIES OTHER THAN BANKS
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

SERVICES
HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

82



35.5
11.7
68.4
11,310
634.4
608. o

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry—Continued
[In thousands]

Industry

June
1981

July
1981

May
1982

June
1982

621.7
225.8
250.3
19.5

618.4
222.2
251.4
19.3

1,415.6
74.3
54. 2
€2.8
197.5
367.0
156.2

1,425.3
74.7
54.0
€2.7
193.7
380.1
158.2

96.0
43.7

55.7
44.0

57.8

57.5

58.7

58.4

67.7
25.2
56.3

88.9
24.2
58.6

81.7
24.7
50.8

87.6
26.8
54.R

3 3,8.4

345.1

345.3

375.3

4,551.8
619.1
310.2
918-5
2,364.0

4,674.2
636.3
326.1
938.7
2,415.3

380.7

363.9

392.5

401.3

EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities

576.9
200.4
309.9

516.7
167.6
264.4

661.4
207.1
384.0

584.
194.
321.

SOCIAL SERVICES

848.8

842.8

885.2

866.5

MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

347.3
127.7
158.4

350.5
128.4
159.2

358.0
127.5
169.2

362.2
130.0
170.2

7,8C6

7,C74

7,867

7,780

895

899

880

1,036

PERSONAL SERVICES
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services . . . .
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
BUSINESS SERVICES
Advertising
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, stenographic
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Computer and data processing services
AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES .

634.6
222.5
263.1
20.6
1,426.
78.
53.
64.
204.
345.
160.
99.0
48.4

635.2
222.7
264.1
20.8
1,429.0
"78.8
54.2
64.3
206.6
341.9
169.7
99.8
49.0

Automotive repair shops
MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES
MOTION PICTURES
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters
AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES
HEALTH SERVICES
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
LEGAL SERVICES

GOVERNMENT
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
State government
Hospitals
State education
General administration including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
Local education
General administration including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions




4,524.
612.
3C8.
916.
2,346.

4,723.
644.
329.
948.
2,439.

6,911

6,175

6,987

6,744

1 , 557.7
327.0
605.9

1,544.7
327.8
548.5

1,644.9
320.4
677.0

1,552.8
320.4
583.1

442.3
5 , 3 13.5
93.1
510.8
3, 476.3

445.4
4,630.2
S5.5
512.8
2,713.2

435.4
5,342.4
96.6
523.9
3,574.1

434.8
5,191.0
97.2
528. 1
3,374.3

1,CC6.1

1,066.1

957.9

995.5

83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT
B-4. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]

1981

1982

Industry division and group

Sept.

Oct.

Feb.

Apr.

May

July

Aug.p

Sept.p

TOTAL

91,363

91,224

90,996

90,642

90,460

90,459

90,304 90,083

90,166

89,839

89,535

E9, ^ 6 8 8 9 , 0 3 8

GOODS-PRODUCING

25,583

25,393

25, 176 2 4 , 9 0 8

24,684

24,631

24,450 24,289

24,255

23,994

2 3 , 8 40

23,639

1,192

1,195

1,2C6

1,201

1,203

1,152

1,124

1 , 100

1,082

MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical ■
Electric and electronic equipment . . .
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products . . . .
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastic products . . .
Leather and leather products

SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

4,124
20,267

4 , 101
20,097

1,202
4,071

4,026

3,966

3,974

19,903

19,676

19,517

19,454

8,038
1,662
69
814
1,243
685
1,276
1,107
215
734
233

65,780

65,831

3 , 9 27

3,895

3,890

18,81?

18,662

18,576

65,629

65,492

5,094

5,101

5,078

5 , 0 44

5,024

5,0-3

20,670

2 0 , 6 5 5 20,584

20,652

20,595

20,615

20,544

->0,4PP

5,343
15,327

5,323
5,336
15,319 15,261

5,331
15,321

5,307
15,288

5,299
15,316

5,288
1%256

15',2 11

5,125

5,115

20,524 2 0 , 6 3 0

5,346
5,357
5,375
15,248 15,167 15,284

20,654

20,623

5 , 3 25

65,695

5,128

5,380
5,383
15,277 15,274

5,328

65,845

65,828

20,660

10, 084 1 0 , 9 0 4
61^
612
441
443
57?
574
880
888
1,416
1, 427
2,212
2,232
1 ,9Q''
2,004
1,589
1,718
7cn
"*02
3P1
384

65,911

65,776

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

7,829
1,658
68
760
1,186
668
1,278
1,088
207
703
213

5,100

7,680
1,6 43
65
741
1 , 126
6 57
1.2 6*7
1,0 68
205
7 00
2 08

7,578
1,626
65
737
1 , 146
654
1,270
1,070
705
697
208

7,572
1,57?
6^
->36
1,143
65°
1 ,260
1 ,068
211
6^?
208

5,335

5,342

5,352

5 . 3 5°

5,361

5 ,367

18,815 18,834

18,831]18,867|18,904

18,929

18,963

18,988

19,042

1<\042

19,0^4

15,917

15,864|15,550|15,859

15,852

15,853

15,832

15,635

15,6S8 1 5 , 5 6 0

2,730
2,741| 2,737| 2,736
13,123 13,113 13,123 1 3 , 1 2 2

2,728
13,125

2,739
13,093

2,737
1 2 , 8 98

2,740
12,">13

5 , 3 24

5,331

SERVICES

18,707

18,773

GOVERNMENT

15,904

15,917

15,908

2,764
13,140

2,757
13,160

2,756
2,749
13, 159 1 3 , 1 6 1




3,940
18,930

65,854 65,794

6 5 , 82C 6 5 , 1 3 4

5,150

84

3,988
19,115

7,727
1,637
67
741
1,161
65R
1,269
1,073
205
704
212

7,879
1,663
68
777
1,201
670
1,276
1,C93
208
708
215

5,162

p = preliminary.

3,938

7,783
1,652
67
759
1,165
661
1,274
1,079
207
708
211

7,895
1,657
69
780
1,201
674
1,275
1,095
210
712
222

5,181

FEDERAL
STATE AND LOCAL

3,934

19,319 19,169

1 ,080

7,794
1,643
67
773
1,165
664
1,274
1,082
206
706
214

7,952
1,661
68
794
1,222
677
1,276
1,100
214
716
224

8,002
1,664
69
804
1,235
681
1,276
1,103
215
725
230

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

1,182

12,184 12,059 11,901 11,724 11,622 11,575 11,490 11,375 1 1 , 3 3 2 11,203 11,133
661
607
611
607
615
62P
643
614
615
615
617
473
452
449
446
457
462
469
439
442
443
443
638
596
596
590
610
620
62 9
579
580
584
586
1,125
1,038
1,024
1,007
1,053
1,082
1,104
9 06
926
976
945
1,604
1,515
1,505
1,496
1,529
1,553
1,577
1,4 46
1,452
1,481
1,472
2,539
2,459
2,446
2,419
2,486
2,511
2,532
2,274
2,322
2 , 3 89
2,377
2,113
2,055
2,C48
2,038
2,C49
2,077
2,101
2,018
2,026
2,034
2,034
1,884
1,777
1,778
1,774
1,791
1,830
1,861
1,7 59
1,745
1,748
1,755
734
720
718
716
725
727
731
708
708
713
713
413
403
400
397
409
411
412
3 90
3 87
392
390
8,083
1,658
69
827
1,253
695
1,274
1,110
216
746
235

23,546

1,197

5,326 j 5,326|

5,336

2,774
12,826

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT
B-5. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by Industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]

1981

1982

Industry division and group

July

39,181 39,199

TOTAL
GOODS-PRODUCING
MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS

Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries

Electric and electronic equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind
NONDURABLE GOODS

Apparel and other textile products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and misc. plastics products

Aug.

....

SERVICE-PRODUCING

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

39,187 39,198 39,139

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

39,098 39,089

39,147

May

June

July

39,150 39,093

39,181

39,195

3 9,180

Mar.

Apr.

6,938

6,927

6,909

6,871

6,814

6,759

6,712

6,692

6,650

6,601

6,593

6,536

6,^0?

131

133

135

137

138

141

140

141

142

143

141

138

13r

382

381

381

381

384

382

382

3 84

3 83

381

3 83

383

6,424

6,411

6,392

6,353

6,295

6,237

6,188

6,169

6,126

6,074

6,069

6,017

5,988

3,087
104
145
127
126
344
514
904
314
311
198

3,087
103
144
128
126
342
519
905
314
313
193

3,074
100
142
126
125
340
520
905
312
312
192

3 , 0 50
98
142
126
122
333
520
898
3C6
311
192

3,008
95
139
123
119
326
517
884
3C4
310
191

2,972
94
137
122
116
320
511
874
298
309
191

2,957
93
136
120
113
317
507
880
296
307
188

2,942
92
135
120
112
315
505
876
295
3 06
186

2,922
91
13 5'
119
110
313
503
870
293
304
184

2,894
91
133
117
107
309
500
867
2 87
303
180

2,891
2,855
91 .
91
133
133
117
115
107
105
3 08
307
499
493
869
860
784
2 86
303
301
178
176

2,360

3,337
503
26
398
1,014
162
508
285
31
267
143

3,324
497
26
394
1,012
162
510
284
31
267
141

3,318
492
25
394
1,012
163
512
285
32
263
140

3,303
499
25
388
1,004
160
513
285
32
258
139

3,287
501
25
383
998
156
513
285
32
254
138

3,265
500
25
378
988
158
515
285
32
250
134

3,231
49 6
25
370
971
157
516
284
32
247
133

3,227
499
24
368
971
157
518
284
33
245
128

3,204
499
24
362
95 8
156
518
283
33
244
127

3,180
491
24
367
939
155
518
282
32
245
127

3,.178
4 95
?u
3 6?
938
1PU
51°
281
32
24^
126

3 , 128
4PP
24
355
90ri
15?
515

32,243 32,272

32,278 32,327 32,325

32,339 32,377 32,455

32,500 32,492

32,588

3,152
490
24
353
935
151
517
?80
31
?45
126

(51

131
116
10*"
304
48r
288
301
180

?'TR
">46
124

32, 659 3 ^ , 6 ^ 8

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

1,342

1,348

1,355

1,355

1,351

1,358

1,338

1,339

1,339

1,342

1,3 48

1,341

1 ,335

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE ..

9,021

9,043

9,057

9,066

9,049

9,022

9,084

9,129

9,13 0

9,118

9,156

9,124

9,164

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

1,396
7,625

1,403
7,640

1,406
7,651

1,407
7,659

1,412
7,637

1,408
7,614

1,40 5
7,679

1,408
7,721

1,409
7,7?1

1,411
7,707

1,410
7, 7 46

1,406
7,718

1 ,403
7,-^61

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES
GOVERNMENT
FEDERAL
STATE AND LOCAL




3,169

3,172

3,182

3,183

3,186

3,189

3,185

3,185

3,190

3,194

3,20?

3, 211

3, ?0°

10,972

10,989

11,028

11,086

11,113

11,135

11,151

11,192

11,216

11,229

11,255

11, 265

11,300

7,739

7,720

7,656

7,637

7,626

7,635

7,619

7,610

7,625

7,609

7 , 6 27

7, T\Q

7,5™

878
6,861

879
6,841

880
6,776

876
6,761

874
6,752

881
6,'7 54

877
6,742

875
6,735

876
6,749

873
6,736

8 76
6,751

1,014
6,704

1, i r »
6 ,533

85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by industry division and major
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]

1981

198?

Industry division and group

Apr.

Sept.

TOTAL PRIVATE
GOODS-PRODUCING
MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING

61,180 61,017

May

Julv

Aug.

6 0 , 7 7 5 6 0 , 4 0 1 6 0 , 2 4 8 6 0 , 2 8 2 6 0 , 1 3 2 5 9 , 9 2 3 6 0 , 0 2 5 5 9 , 7 5 9 5 9,670

59,359
16,400

16,917

16,686

16,564

83 5

805

782

18,164

17,972

17,754

17,478

17,251

17,225

17,073

876

877

882

883

875

876

871

3,201

3,180

3,155

3,107

3,035

3,059

3,023

3,017

3,074

3,029

3,022

2,995

14,087 13,915

13,717

13,488

13,341

13,290

13,179

13,042

13,008

12,852

1 2 , " * 60

12,637

16,922
8 63

\

">68

DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind

8,345
549
381
492
865
1,182
1,606
1,327
1,206
431
306

8,218
531
376
484
843
1,156
1,598
1,314
1,184
428
304

8,061
516
369
475
821
1, 133
1,576
1,285
1,159
424
303

7,885
503
364
465
795
1,11 C
1,552
1,257
1,115
123
301

7,793
497
359
452
780
1,096
1,526
1,266
1,102
420
295

7,759
502
356
452
770
1,089
1,514
1,258
1,108
418
2 92

7,685
497
35 3
44 6
756
1,081
1,490
1,248
1,10 9
415
290

7,576
507
350
441
727
1,069
1,460
1,241
1,086
411
284

7,553
507
350
444
702
1,063
1,454
1,240
1,098
412
283

7,443
506
349
438
686
1,046
1,408
1,233
1,0 89
407
281

7,388
505
3 46
4 38
669
1,043
1,366
1,221
1,11?
406
282

• \ 263
5"3
350
436
657
1,^25
1 , 330
1,208
1,0^4
402
">78 I

NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products . . .
Leather and leather products

5,742
1,137
54
717
1,066
525
701
629
134
580
199

5,697
1,142
54
704
1,056
515
702
625
133
568
198

5,656
1,144
54
693
1,049
511
700
621
132
557
195

5,603
1,140
53
683
1,036
506
700
616
131
548
190

5,548
1,135
54
670
1,018
50 4
699
612
125
544
187

5,531
1,142
53
667
1,018
. 501
699
609
124
538
180

5,494
1,138
53
651
1,00 6
499
701
609
124
534
179

5,466
1,125
52
662
987
496
698
602
123
541
180

5,455
1,133
52
650
985
493
699
600
123
543
177

5,409
1,121
52
633
982
489
696
505
122
542
177

5,3^2
1,129
51
634
949
4 89
694
591
122
541
17?

5,3^4 I
1,113
52
630
<56 8
488
694
593
122
539
175

43,057 43,059 43,001

43,108

SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

43,016 43,045

43,021 42,923 42,997

4 3 , 0 7 3 4 3, 106

12,959

4,275

4,261

4,241

4,241

4,232

4,217

4,209

4,212

4,194

4,165

4,141

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

18,059 18,053

18,016

17,920

18,011

18,061

18,051

17,996

18,065

18,014

18,037

H,934

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

4,376
4,373
13,683 13,680

4,367
13,649

4,348
13,572

4,332
13,679

4,317
4,327
13,734113,734

4,301
13,695

4,287
4,309
13,756 13,727

4 , 2 82
13,755

4,268 I
13,666

4,019

4 , 0 13

4,014

4,007

4,004

3,999

3,998

4,012

4 , 0 13

4,007 |

16,731 16,748

16,738

16,761 16,787

16,797

16,833

16,853

1 6 , 8 91

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

1

4,295

4,023

16,639 16,698

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.

86



4,003

p = preliminary.

16, 877

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT
B-7.

Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment 1 increased

Year and month

Over 1 -month span

Over 3-month span

Over 6-month span

Over 12-month span

1979
January
February
March

64.2
61 .6
65.6

68.5
68.3
65. 1

72.3
71.0
68.8

73.7
70.4
69.1

April
May
June

51.6
61.8
62.4

65.9
62.1
63.4

63.
59.
53.

65.6
59.7
57.3

July
Augus t
September

54.3
53.5
48.9

53.2
48.4
53.8

58.
49.
49.

57.5
55.9
52.2

Oc tobe r.........
November
December

61 .8
50.3
51. 1

51.6
54.0
51.1

51.6
51.6
47.6

46.0
39.8
35.5

January
February
March

53.8
48.9
49.2

50.0
47.0
35.2

39.8
34.1
29.3

30.9
32.3
32.8

April
May
June

29.0
32.8
29.6

28.8
23.1
28.2

23.1
26.6
28.8

33.9
31.7
32.3

July
August
September

35.2
64.0
61.0

34.1
51,
69.

35.8
44.1
59.1

31.
33.
33.

Octobe r
November
December

62.6
59.4
54.6

67.
64.
58.

71.2
64.0
61.0

39.
50.
62.

January
February
March

56.7
48.7
51.1

53.
52.
60.

64.8
65.9
67.2

73.9
71.0
70.4

April
May
June

68.3
65.3
54.0

70.
70.
65.9

67.7
67.2
67.5

62.1
50.0
43.3

July
August
Septembe r

59.9
50.3
50.3

59.4
57.0
40. 1

51.3
39.0
33.9

35,
33.
31.

Oc tobe r
November
Decembe r

34.7
28.2
31.2

30.6
26.3
23.4

30. 1
27 .7
24.2

27 .
27.

25,

January
February
March

32.5
42.5
35.8

28.0
31.2
33.6

21.8
27.4
27 .4

23. 1
22.8p
20.2p

April
May
June

40.9
51 . 1
32.0

37. 1
35.8
35.8

29.8
29.3p
30.lp

July
Augus t
Se ptembe r

43.5
35.5p
47.3p

27.4p
31.7p

1980

1981

1982

Oc tobe r
Novembe r
De cembe r
1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1, 3, and 6 month spans, on
payrolls of 186 private nonagricultural industries.
p = preliminary.




NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment rising. (Half of
the unchanged components are counted as rising.) Data are centered within the
spans.

87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

Manufacturing

State and areas

ALABAMA
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
ALASKA
ARIZONA
Phoenix
Tucson
ARKANSAS
Fayetteville—Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock—North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

AUG.
1981

JJL5T
1982

AUG.
1982P

HUG.
1981

JULY AUG.
1 9 8 2 1982P

1.347.0
342.7
122.9
154.2
105.9
50.2

1.322.9
335.6
123.3
147.7
104.5
49.1

1,319.3
334.2
125.9
145.3
103. 1
49.2

16.6
8.7
(1)
(1)
(II
2.5

16.3
8.!*
(1)
(11

15.7
8.3
(11
(1)

2.7

189.7

199.4

(*>

7.7

1,003.4
636.9
182.5

1,019.3
641.5
185.1*
7 3 8 . «»
65.9
68.7
179.7
30.9

1.003.
637.
182.
715.8
63.2
54.6
176.8
30.1

719.
63.
64.
178.
33.

AUG.
1981

JULY AUG.
1982 1932P

2.7

66.
19.
4.
11.
6.
2.

63.4
19.0
4.1
9.4
5.6
2.0

9.0

(*)

15.7

25.4
.4
7.8

17.2
.'4
l*.2

16.4
.5
4.1

6-0
(1)
1-2
(11
(1)

6.1
d>'
1.3
(11
(11

6.1
(1)
1.2
(1)
(1)

(D

CD

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

63.2
19.0
4.1
9.0
5.7
2.0

366.0
59.0
37.0
32.1
16.8
8.2

332.6
51.4
35.8
28.2
15.3
7.9

17.5

(*)

17.5

17.5

70.2
47.8
12.4

59.8
39.9
11.4

59.6
39.7
11.4

161.3
117.4
24.5

151.8
110.3
25.3

36.9
2.8
2.3
9.5
1.9

31.9
2.7
2.3
9.5
2.1

31.6
2.7
2.4
9.7
2.1

213.9
20.6
23.1
29.7
6.4

195.7
18.4
19.7
26.5
5.5

373
42
5
8
103
4
6.4
22.1
17.1
3.4
28.9
74.9
23.4
4.5
5.0
5.7
4.7

,057.5
223.8
10 . 4
24,. 5
913.8
26.1
26.2
65.3
31.8
9.2
109.7
200.3
256.4
17.8
15.8
27.8
12.1

1,932.8
217.9
9.5
22.8
857,. 3
22 . 0
25.8
60.2
27.4
10.0
105.2
191,
254
18
15
22
11

10, 032.9
864.6
137.3
181.3
3 . 614.7
94-9
158.*
429.3
405.9
90.8
661.1
1 . 569.2
696.0
123.2
95.3
125.8
101.5

9.940.
855.
133.
179.1
3.565
89
159
428
399
91
643
1,565
696
123.0
93.5
113.1
101-1

9.901.5
854.1
133.1
178.9
3.537.5
94.
159.
424.
402.
90.
643,
1,562.
699,
123.
94.
122.8
100.9

49.5
2.8
14.6
1.0
14.6
.1

48.7
3.3
14.4
1. 1
14.5
.1
3.)
1.6
-7
.4
.5
4.5
.1
1.4
. 5
.1
.5

48.3 440.8 376.
3.0
43.
50.2
14.5
6.
7.2
1. 1
9.
10.5
14.3 125.5 105.
.1
5.
5.5
3.0
6.
7.3
1.6
21.
24. 1
.7
17.
17.6
.4
3.
3.4
.6
29.
35.3
4.5
74.
77.5
. 1 25.3
23.
1.4
4.
5.0
.5
5.
6.0
5.
6.3
. 1
4.
5.3
.5

COLORADO
Denver—Boulder

1.285. 3
822.8

1.277.9
822-9

1,281.2
824.4

43.8
26.7

39.5
28.1

41.0
28.3

CONNECTICUT
Bridgeport
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven—West Haven
Stamford
Waterbury

1.426.4
168.4
391.2
61.2
185.6
112.3
88.0

1.406.4
165.8
393.0
58.6
186.9
113.2
87.5

1.395.8
167.0
388.2
57.9
186.3
111.6
87.3

261.2
226.0

252.2
226.7

259. 1
222.2

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Washington SMSA

622.)
1.613.0

625.7
1,616.9

FLORIDA
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood
Fort Myers—Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland—Winter Haven
Melbourne—Titusville—Cocoa
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa—St. Petersburg
West Palm Beach—Boca Raton

3.660.0
80.5
355.2
68. 4
67.9
296.1
117.1
107.3
737.6
302.9
98.5
72.7
74.4
555.2
215.5

CALIFORNIA
Anaheim—Santa Ana—Garden Grove..
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles—Long Beach
Modesto
Oxnard—Simi Valley—Ventura
Riverside—San Bernardino—Ontario ..
Sacramento
Salinas—Seaside—Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco—Oakland
San Jose
Santa Barbara—Santa Maria—Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton
Vallejo—Fairfield—Napa

DELAWARE
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

88



r720

77
342
68
67
297
105.5
104.7
719.1
292.5
97.4
71.9
71.7
553.5
213.5

77.3
44.5

78.0
46.1

78.6
46.7

187.3
129.7

179.2
125.8

(2)«
(21
(21
(21
(21
(21
(2>

54.
4.
12.
2.
6.
6.

54.6
4.8
12.9
2.6
7.0
6.0
3.3

53.9
4.9
12.2
2.6
7.0
5.9
3.3

430.0
65-2
92-6
28.4
41.0
31.9
31.9

400.
62.
89.
25.
39.
31.
29.

(D
(11

14.6
14.7

15.6
15.7

15.6
15.8

68.8
61.8

69.6
62.1

624.4
1,612.7

(1>
(11 '

12.2
79.2

12.0
70.5

12-0
73.3

13.8
57.9

14.6
50.9

3,698.5
75. 1
340. 5
69.0
66.9
297.7
105.4
104.6
718. 1
292.3
96.8
70.4
73.4
553.8
208.7

8. 9

465.8
8.5
41. 0
3.8
4.4
34.5
21.6
24.0
99 0
38 2
12 6
6 4
2 8
79 3
28.8

440 5
8.5
38.8
4.3
4.4
32,
17,
23
96.
36,
12
5,
2
75,
27

(1)
(1>
(U
(11
3.5
(II
(11
(11
(1)
(1)
(II
d»
(1)

289.5 257.8
5. 3
4. 1
30.3
25.2
9.1
8.0
3.5
3. 1
18.3
18.0
10.3
8.0
6.
5.8
39
34.1
22.
19.7
7,
6.4
7
6.5
3.
4.0
43
36.7
20.
17.7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

\UG.
1981

JULI
1982

AUG.
1982P

AU3.
1981

JULY
1982

72.4
29.8
2-7
10.6
4.5
1.7

70.7
2 9.8
2.6
10.2
4.4
1.7

70.7
29.8
2.6
10.1
4.4
1.7

273. 1
81.6
22.0
37.4
23.4
10. 1

271.7
81-3
22.4
35.8
23.1
9.7

I

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

\

1982P

\ffS1981

JffLY
1982

271.9
81.3 I
22.6
35.4
23. 1
9-7

59.7
23.2
3.7
7.4
6.3
1.7

5975|

PLUG.

Government

Services

AUG.
1982P

ZUJG.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

22.9
3.6
7.3
6.3
1.7

59.5
22.8
3.6
7.2
6.3
1.7

211.4
69.4
19.0
30.1
20,7
6.3

213.6
70.7
19.6
30.8
20.8
6.5

213.3
71.1
19.5
30.7
20.8
6.4

281.0
51-5
34.4
25.4
28.0
17.1

295.1
53.1
35.2
26.0
29.0
16.9

291.0
52.3
35.1
25.4
27.9
17.2

1
2
3
4
5
6

AUG.
1982P

19.1

20.3

(*>

32. 1

34.7

<*)

8.8

9.7

(*)

32.5

34.5

(*>

56.3

56.2

(*)

7

54.0
33. 1
9.0

55.0
34.1
8.9

55.0
34.1
8-9

249.5
166.6
41.4

255.0
169.2
43.2

254-9
168.8
43.4

61.8
47.8
9-0

61.9
47.8
9.0

61.8
47.6
9.0

214.6
138.8
40.7

222.2
145.5
42.0

221.3
144.8
41.8

182.2
89.6
40.6

180.6
90.0
38.1

183.1
91.6
38.7

8
9
10

43.7
3.8
3.6
13.7
3-9

43.7
4.2
3.4
13.4
3.8

43.9
4.. 2
3.4
13.4
3.8

162. 1
16.2
14.5
42.2
6.4

161.9
16.5
13.9
42.0
6.3

162. 9
16.6
13.9
42.6
6.3

32.4
2.3
2.6
12.9
1.3

33.4
2.4
2.6
13.1
1.4

33.4
2.4
2.6
13.1
1.4

118.2
9-2
12.0
36.3
5.2

119.2
9.2
12.4
37.2
5.4

118.7
9.4
12.1
37.6
5.4

125.2
10.1
8.9
35.4
5.8

123.9
9.8
9.0
35.1
5.6

128.1
10.3
8.9
35.6
5.7

11
12
13
14
15

561.9
29.9
8.0
11. 1
204.5
4. 1
6.9
26.4
23.0
;
5. 4
! 29.7
I 133.0
| 22.9
5.5
5.1
8.5
4.8

553.2
29-2
7.. 5
10.8
199.4
3-8
7. 1
25.9
22.3
4.9
2 9.6
128.5
22.2
5.4
4.9
8.2
4.6

549-9
29.2
7.5
10.8
196-5
3.9
7.0
25.8
22.0
4.9
29.5
127.6
22.1
5.4
4.9
8.9
4.6

2,278.0 2,353.1 2,350.3
185.7
189.8
190.2
25.2
25.4
25.6
37.4
38.1
38.1
853.3
881.1
878. 1
17.9
18.2
18.2
32.1
32.5
32.5
92.4
94.4
94.5
78.3
77.8
78.2
20.5
20.6
20.5
158.7
160.1
161.8
370.8
380.0
380.8
160.2
163.7
162-4
34.2
34.9
34.9
20.5
20.6
23.6
24.8
24.9
24.9
19.5
20.0
19.9

1,654.1
96.3
31.8
35.5
439.5
15.0
35.9
90.3
136.6
23.4
133.1
267.9
73.5
23.6
17.9
24.2
32.9

1,673.8 1,629.8
93.3
93.3
30.9
30.5
36.7
36.3
437-4
423.3
15.5
15.1
36.5
36.3
94.9
92.2
136.9
136.3
24.0
22.7
127.8
128.3
270.4
264.4
71.4
70.7
22.9
22.8
17.1
17.4
24.0
23.8
33.3
33.1

16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

82.6
57.5

80.9
56.1

81. 1
56.3

314. 9
196.2

315.7
196. 1

59.6
6. 1
13.7
3.1
15.1
4.7
2.9

59.4
6.0
13.7
3.. 3
15.2
4.7
3-0

59.5
6.0
13.7
3.4
15.2
4.7
3.0

302.9
34.6
83.4
10.0
4 0.3
26.0
15.8

11.7
11.5

11.6
11.4

11.6
11.4

26.6
73. 1

26.7
73.9

26.6
73.8

I

227.3
3.2
17.5
I
4.3
1.7
24.6
5.3
4.7

229.6
231.0
3.3
3.2
17-6
17.7
4.5
4.5
1-7
1.7
24.9
25.2
5.0
5-0
4.6
4.6
70.7
70.8
I 73. 7
15.0
15.7
15-7
4.9 i
4.8
5.2
3-3 I
3.2
3-2
3.0
3.0
3.0
| 32.4
32.9
32.7
9 5
9.9 |
9.8

I

'




2,332.1 2,342.7 2,339.8
213.9
217.3
217-7
34.8
34.5
34-2
4 9.7
48.8
48-8
821.6
829.7
827.0
21.6
21.6
21.7
39.9
38.7
39.7
109.4
109.3
109.3
94.8
95.1
94.8
24. 1
24.1
24.1
149-0
152.9
149.3
363.7
364.0
365.5
133. 1
129.0
133.0
29.4
29.6
29.4
23.7
23.5
23.7
27.7
29.1
28.3
23.0
22.9
23.1

649.0
62.0
5.3
11.6
241.9
3.6
8.3
19.9
22.8
4.4
41. 1
151.5
28.9
5.9
6.0
5-3
3.5

659.2
61.8
5.3
11.7
243.9
3.6

317.4
196.8

80.4
57.2

82.7
59.2

82.8
59.3

270. 1
181.3

276.9
185.0

277.8
185.8

228.7
129.4

224.9
126.5

223.4
126.2

33
34

306.1
34.5
85.0
10.2
40.6
26.4
16.4

306.0
34.6
84.7
10. 1
40.6
26.3
16.2

111.9
7.8
62.0
1.9
11.3
8.5
3.8

117.2
7.8
64.5
1.9
11.7
8.6
3.9

117.1
7.8
64.6
1,9
11.6
8.7
3.9

293.4
35.9
75.0
9.9
48.9
26.5
19.7

302.2
35.7
76.9
13. 1
50.5
27.0
20.0

301.6
35.8
76.2
10.3
50.5
26.9
20.2

173.7
14. 1
51.8
5.3
22.3
9.1
10.3

166.8
15.4
50.8
5.5
22.9
9.5
11.2

165.5
15.4
51.0
5.5
22.6
9.5
10.9

35
36
37
38
39
40
41

58.2
47.0

57.8
46.7

58.4
46-5

13.1
12.2

13. 1
12.3

13.1
12.3

50.6
45.1

50.9
44.8

50.5
44.5

44.0
33.6

43.6
33.7

43.2
32.8

42
43

64.0
309.8

64.6
315. 1

64.4
315.7

34.5
93. 1

34.1
93.4

34.2
93.6

184.0
447.6

185.9
454.4

186.2
454.5

286.9
552.3

287.8
548.6

286.4
543.8

44
45

272.0
278.5
4.8 ,
4.8
31.5
31.3
6.5
6.7
3.1 1
3.2
28.1
28.0
6.6
6.9
4.3 |
4.2
57.8
56.2
20.6
20.3
4.4
4.6
6.0
5.9
3.6
3.5
41.4
42.7
17.7
18.2

278.3
4.7
30.9
6.7
3.2
28.1
5.9
4.1
56.1
20.6
4.6
5.8
3.5
41.8
17.5

853.4
21.7
85. 1
16.2
14.1
64.3
23.5
25.2
181.6
83.6
21.0
18.5
13.9
134.7
52.1

907.9
21.9
85.4
16.3
13.8
65.0
23.4
25.5
178.2
84.0
21.5
18.5
14.1
137.0
51.5

905.6
21.4
84.6
16.3
13.9
65.1
23.2
25.6
178.2
83.7
21.8
18.4
14. 1
135.9
51.4

568.3
13.4
48.3
8.5
26.5
48. 1
14.2
19.2
89.7
41.6
23.6
9.7
31.9
66.6
29.6

586.1
11.7
44.7
9.2
27.0
49.8
14.1
19.2
92.7
36.2
22.5
10.5
28.8
77.4
30.9

572.4
10.8
44.3
9. 1
27.0
49.7
14.4
19.0
91.8
36. 1
22.6
10.3
31.0
77.0
30.7

46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60

972.6 1,011.4 1,003.8
23.1
23.1
22.6
99.2
101.8
99.3
20.0
19.9
19.9
13.8 i
14. 5
13.8
78.2
78.4
78.6
29.5
27.5
27.3
22.5
21.7
21.7
195.9 1 190.9
191.0
81.7
80.2
79-5
24.6
25.6
24.6
21.1 I
21.5
20.6
15.6
15.4
15.1
157.8
156.2
154.2
56.6
55.2
54.6

659.2
61.6
5.3
11.8
240.0
3.6
8.5
8.5 I
19.9 |
19.8
22.5
22.6
4.4
4.4
41.0
40.9
152.>
153.2
28.3
28.2
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
5.4
5.4
3-4
3.4

89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE A N D AREA E M P L O Y M E N T
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by Industry division—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total

Manufacturing

State and areas
AUG.
1981

JJLY
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

2,180.
44.
982.
121.
82.
98.
87.8

2,149.1
43.5
992.8
122.3
79.2
97.6
85.7

2.149.8
44.0
994.7
122.3
79. 1
97.6
86.3

7.9

HAWAII
Honolulu

405.3
333.4

404.7
331.4

403.3
329.8

IDAHO
Boise City

325.4
77.3

312.9
75.4

311.8
75.5

5.3
(1)

2.9

4,769.2
48.7
70.5

4.615.9
47.9
70.1

28.8
(2)
(2)

28.3
(2)

3.172. 1
153.3
50.2
32.7
136.8
106. 1
92.7

3.9
(2)
(2)
(2)
(21
(21
(2)
9.8

GEORGIA
Albany
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon
Savannah

JUL? |AU3.
1982 1982P
7.9
(1)
(II
(11
(11
(11
(II

AUG.
1981
103.7
2.2
45.9
5.4
4.9
3.6
5.0

JULY AUG.
1982 1982P
100.
2.
45.
5.
4.
3.
4.

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

99.8
2.4
45.6
5.4
4.9
3.6
4.7

523
12
143
35
21
17.8
17.1

492.1
11.2
140.2
34.0
18.9
17. 1
16.2

22.3
18.5

18.9
15-0

18.5
14.6

24.0
17.8

24.9
18.6

2.9
(1)

18.0
5.7

17.0
5.0

17.0
5.1

53.6
9.1

49.3
9.1

(2M

23.5
(2)
(2)

170.6
1.9
1.9

171.5
1.9
1.4

1,141.1
6.5
7.7

4.2
4.1
(2M
(2M
(2>
(2)
(2!
(2)

4.0
(2)
(2)
(21
(2)
(21
(2)

95.4
7.9
2.. 5
1.. 9
7,. 4
3.. 7
4.4

172.7
1.9
1.4
121.7
107.3
7.7
2.3
1-7
7.7
3.8
4.3

105.0
7.7
2.3
1.6
7.6
3.8
4.4

770.4
49.8
20.7
8.8
48.7
49.9
6.6

.016.
5.
7.
782.
702.
43.
18.
8.
37.
39.
6.2

9.1
(11

9.0
(1)

2.4
(11
(II
(11
(11
(11
Ml*
1.4

2.4
(11
(D
(11
(1)
(1)
(11
1.3

95.
1.
2.
7.
8.
15.
24.
3.
1.5
4.4
3.5

86.3
1.1
2.0
6.7
7.4
13.9
22.6
2.6
1.2
3.8
2.5

85.9
1.1
2.0
6.9
7.5
13.8
22.6
2.5
1.2
3.8
2.5

664.1
19.4
35
36
55
91
122
11
12
30
14.8

591.0
17.5
33.4
33.8
47.8
77,
112,
10,
10
27,
13,

2.0
(1)
(11
(U«
(11
(11

2.0
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11

50.7
3.5
7.0
1.4
2.3
2.2

44.6
3.1
5.5
1.2
1.6
2.2

44.9
3.1
5.7
1-2
1-6
2-3

232.8
25.7
22.7
14.8
9.0
22.5

205.
22.
20.
10.
6.
19.

(H

ILLINOIS
Bloomington—Normal
Champaign—Urbana—Rantoul . . .
Chicago—Gary
Chicago SMSA 3.
Davenport—Rock Island—Moline .
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

3,241.0
163.2
56-3
33.5
149. 1
117.1
91.5

4.625.6
46.8
72.0
3,417.6
3.173.6
154.4
52.8
32.9
138.0
105.6
88.2

INDIANA
Anderson
Elkhart
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary—Hammond—East Chicago ?
Indianapolis
Lafayette—West Lafayette
Muncle
South Bend
Terre Haute

2.115.7
44.9
68.6
128.3
174.2
251.6
532.3
53.6
46.5
104.7
59.4

2.006.2
42.8
65.8
124.6
162.1
236.7
516.4
52.9
44.0
100.6
55.8

2.005.3
41. 8
65.6
123.8
162.6
236.6
515.7
52.3
43.9
101.7
54.5

IOWA
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City
Waterloo—Cedar Falls

1,076.2
80.4
173.5
41.8
48.4
63.2

1,029.6
74.7
169.2
37.8
45.3
59.3

1.026.4
74.3
166.4
37.3
45.4
58.8

2.1

910.2
26. 1
82.9
189. 1

20.0
(2)
.2
3.7

18.0
(21
.2
3.7

13.0
(2)
.2
3.6

44.3
1.0
3.5
10.4

39.1
-8
3.0
9.2

38.8
.9
3. 1
9.2

188.6
4.6
9.9
63.8

156.8
4.3
9.2
5 2. 1

KANSAS
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

(*»

939.9
26.8
85.2
206.7

912.
25.
83.
193.

* (*)

(*>

(D
2.8
(11*
(1)
(11

(D
(D

(11
1.4

(D
(1)
(11

(D
(11

(*)

(*!

(*>

(*)

KENTUCKY
Lexington—Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,190.1
142.7
382.7
31.8

,127.1
139.8
368.8
27.8

1,128. 1
139.0
367.5
27. 8

53.9
(1)
(11
1.2

52.4
(11
(11
.9

51.9
(1)
(1)

54.4
6.3
18.7
1.9

45.7
4.8
17.1
1.3

47.2
4.7
17.1
1.3

273.6
29.7
94.3
6.9

246.4
26.9
83.2
5.7

LOUISIANA
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1.636.7
53.5
204.3
91.0
71.3
• 49.4
520.4
152.2

1,613.0
53.4
200.7
97.6
64.8
48.5
512.2
147.4

1.608.6
53.8
200,
97
64,
48,
509,
147

100.2

99.1
(II
1.3
19.8
2.3
-7
22.0
5.7

98.3
(II
1.4

145.4
4.2
26.0
5.8
10.3
3.5
30.9
9.3

134.2
4.0
19.5
6.0
6.2
3.3
30.5
8.7

133.1
4.1
18
5
5
3
30

223
5
26
4
13
7
53.6
28.8

198.
5.
25.
5.
10.
6.
47.
26.

MAINE
Lewlston—Auburn
Portland
MARYLAND
Baltimore SMSA
Baltimore City .4
See footnotes at end of table.

90



(D
1.3
18.8
2.5
.7
20.9
8.1

432.6
35.2
93.5

413.
32.
95.

422. 1
34. 1
95.9

(11
(11

(D

(11
(11
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

19.3
1.4
3.9

18.7
1.3
4.2

13.4
1.3
4. 1

117.4
12.0
18.0

100.9
9.2
16.3

1,697.4
943.8
445.2

,684.
942.
437.

1.662.3
924.6
430.8

(1)
(11
(11

(11
(1>
(11

(1)
(11
(11

99.4
47.0
17.7

84.9
37.9
14.3

83.3
37.0
14.1

229.6
154.5
63.1

209.8
137.6
56.3

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities
1
1

i

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Wholesale and retail trade

Services

Government

\UG.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.

JULY

19811

1982 I

AUG.
1982P

\US.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

145. 4
2.3
90.3
4.4
3.4
4.5
8.8

142.7
2-2
90.5
4.5
3.2
4-4
8-1

141.9
2.2
90.2
4.5
3.2
4.5
7.7

502.5
9.4
269.4
22.6
, 15.8
20.3
21.9

496.6
9.4
273.0
23.4
15.7
20.61
2 1 . 7j

496.7
9.4
274.3
23.9
15.6
20.5
21.6

114.6
2.0
67.9
4.5
5.4
6.3
4.2

115. 8
2. 1
69.1
4.8
5.5
6.1
4.2

116.7
2.1
69.3
4.8
5.5
6.1
4.2

361.7
6.4
209.6
17.9
11.8
17.3
16.1

358.0
6.1
218.5
13.4
11.4
16.9
16.3

368.2
6.0
219.2
18.3
11.5
17.0
16.6

420.7
10.4
156.4
31.1
19.0
29.0
14.6

424.8
10.3
156.3
32.0
19.5
28.6
15.4

424.2
10. 1
156.6
31.7
19.4
28.6
15.3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

31.4
26.3

30-2
25.3

30.4
25-3

105.2
86.9

106.2
87.8

105.6
87.2

32.2
27.6

32.2
27.8

32.2
27.8

100.7
80.7

101.7
80.5

101.3
80.4

90.0
75.6

90.6
76.4

91.1
76.6

8
9

19.8
5.0

19.6
4.8

19.6
4.8

79.5
19.4

78.8
19.4

78.0
19.4

23.3
8.2

23.1
7.5

23.0
7.5

60.5
14.3

58.4
14.1

58.9
14.2

65.4
15.3

63.8
15.4

63.1
15.1

10
11

283-2
3.1
2.7
I*)
197.6
7.0
5.2
1.4
7.9
4.4
4.7

2 70.7
3.1
2-5
203.6
189.6
6-7
5-1
1-4
7.8
4-2
4.6

270-6
3.1
2.5

1,092.0
12.3
19.2

321.3
7.6
2.5

968.2
8.2
11.7

764.0
9.1
24.3

244.2
7.2
2.7
1.1
7.0
4.2
6.7

708.1
24.3
8.7
6.4
26.5
18.6
19.8

712.2
23.8
8.7
6.4
25.8
18.7
20.4

461.0
26.3
5.0
7.0
16.8
11.5
28.4

767.2
7.9
27.3
501.3
465.5
26.4
4.7
7.6
17.7
11.7
29.1

759.8
8.7
25.9

248.0
7.2
2.7
1. 1
7.1
4.2
6.6

977.4
8.5
12.0
750.1
711.3
23.9
8.7
6.3
26.1
18.7
18.5

978.3
8.5
11.6

756.6
40.7
11.5
6.9
34.7
24.8
21.0

321.9
7.9
2.4
254.1
244.8
7.2
2.7
1.1
7.0
4.2
6.7

321.1
7.9
2.4

189.4
6-6
5.1
1.4
7.8
4.5
4.5

1,071.2 1,073.1
11.9
11.8
19-0
19.0
800.5
750.0
748.8
39.3
39.2
11.3
11.3
6.9
6.8
33.9
33.8
23.6
23.5
20.7
18.8

465.0
26.5
4.7
7.5
17.4
11.7
29.8

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

104.7
1.2
2.2
7.1
11.3
14.9
31.4
1.4
2.0
4.6
3.4

99.7
1.2
2.1
7.0
10.5
13.9
3 0.1
1.4
2-0
4.4
3.2

99.5
1-2
2.1
7.0
10-4
13-9
30.0
1.4
2.0
4.3
3.1

469.8
9.4
13.1
31.3
42.5
51.7
133.3
10.8
12.4
25.4
15.2

459.4
9.0
12.8
31.4
40.8
51.2
130.9
10.8
12.1
24.6
13.5

461.6
9.0
12.8
31.5
40.8
51.1
131.4
11.0
12.1
24.7
13.5

102.5
1.6
2.2
4.7
10.6
9.2
39.1
2.6
1.5
5.3
2.1

100.8
1.6
2.1
4.7
10.5
9.0
33.5
2.5
1.4
5.2
1.9

100.8
1.6
2.1
4.7
10.5
9.0
38.5
2.5
1.4
5.2
1.8

342.8
7.1
8.9
26.1
29.0
37.4
97.7
9.3
8.4
22.6
9.1

346.1
7.2
3.9
25.9
28.6
37.9
99.2
9.4
3.4
22.8
8.9

347.4
7.2
8.9
25.9
28.6
33.0
99.3
9.4
8.4
22.6
8.9

326.6
5.0
4.8
12.5
17.4
31.8
84.5
15.0
8.3
11.7
9.9

313.9
5.2
4.5
12.7
16.5
33.3
83.1
15.7
8.3
12.2
10.5

312.7
4.9
4.5
12.5
16.7
33.3
83.6
15.1
8.2
11.8
10.2

23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

54.1
3.7
11.1
1.6
3.9
2.4

51.2
3.7
11. 1
1.6
3-8
2.3

50.8
3.7
11.2
1.5
3.8
2.3

275.2
18.9
45.5
9.2
12.9
13.6

266.7
17. 8 |
44.3
8.8
12.8
13.2

267.4
17.8
44.1
8.8
12.8
13.2

50.0
4.3
22.3
1.3
2.8
2.1

63.3
4.2
23.1
1.3
2.7
2.0

60.1
4.2
22.9
1.3
2.7
2.0

206.4
15.5
39.2
10.3
12.1
11.1

204.7
15.6
39.1
10.8
12.4
10.9

206.9
15.5
39.1
10.9
12.5
10.9

194.9
8.8
25.8
3.3
5.4
9.4

194.6
8.2
25.6
3.3
5.6
9.6

192.6
8.0
25.2
3.2
5.5
9.4

34
35
36
37
38
39

63.4
1.5
8.4
10.3

62-0
1.4
8.1
10-8

62.6
1.4
8.1
10.8

228.3
5.2
18.5
47.2

226.0
5.3
18.2
45.2

225.6
5.3
18.0
45.0

48.3
.8
6.1
9.8

43.4
.9
5.9
9.9

48.3
.8
5.9
9.9

175.9
4.1
17.7
40.3

180.1
4.0
17.6
40.7

180. 1
4.1
17.8
40.5

171.1
9.6
20.9
21.2

172.0
8.6
20.9
21.9

172.4
9.2
20.7
21.4

40
41
42
43

67.8
7.6
23-4
2.4

65.2
7.5
22.5
2-3

65.8
7.5
22.3
2.3

257.7
31.5
86.8
7.2

248.5
31.8
86.8
6.3

247.5
31.7
86.8
6.3

52.0
7.0
24.6
1.3

51.7
6.7
24.2
1.3

51.8
6.8
24.1
1.3

213.6
28.3
77.5
6.3

213.1
30.1
78.4
5.5

213.6
29.9
79..4
5.5

217.1
32.3
57.4
4.6

204.1
32.0
56.6
4.5

206.1
31.7
55.3
4.6

44
l45
46
47

134.0
2.4
10.9
6.9
4.4
2.7
56.2
9.3

131.8
2.4
11.2
7.8
5.0
2.6
55.0
9.3

131.2
2.4
11.4
7.9
4.9
2.5
54.1
9.3

372.0
11.6
46.5
23t6
15.2
13.2
131- 1
35.4

369.4
11.9
46.6
25.3
15.3
12.4
128.6
33.9

370.2
11.9
47.2
25.6
15.4
12.4
128.7
34.3

75.2
3.0
12.3
3.3
2.9

31.5
7.3

76.6
3.0
12.7
3.5
3.0
3.9
31.1
7.1

76.5
3.0
12.7
3.5
3.0
3.9
31.0
7.2

290.8
11.2
36.0
18.3
10.6
8.8
114.6
30.1

296.5
11.2
37.2
19.4
11.1
9.0
113.3
31.6

297.3
11.4
37.5
19.4
10.7
9.1
112.5
32. 1

295.9
15.8
45.2
9.4
11.2
8.8
81.5
23.9

307.1
15.6
47.0
10.5
11.0
10.1
84.0
24.7

305.1
15.6
47.0
9.4
11.0
9.8
83.3
24.5

48
49
|50
51
52
53
54
55

19.5
1.2
5.9

19.0
1.2
6.1

19.2
1.2 !
6.2

94.4
8.1
26.1

92.8
8.2
26.5

93.0
8.3
26.6

17.5
1.8
7.6

18.1
1.7
8.3

18.2
1.7
8.4

87.3
7.7
21.0

86.5
7.7
22.4

86.4
8.0
22.3

77.2
3.0
11.0

77.6
2.8
11.2

77.0
2.8
11.0

56
57
58

85.2
57.0
39.0

82.8
54.4
3 8.0 j

82.3
53.8
37.5

405.3
219.7
95.8

411.7
228.7
96.6

413.5
230.0
96.6

95.2
53.6
39.2

96.2
59.5
39.7

96.2
59-2
39.7

383.3
200.7
104.8

388.3
203.1
105.9

388.1
203.2
105.5

399.4
206.3
85.6

411.2
221.3
86.5

392.8
206.0
80.5

59
60
61

(*)




(*)

(*)

(*)

1

3 9

-

(*»

(*)

AUG.
1982P |

(*>

\UG.
1981

(*l

JULY
1982

kUG.
1982P

(*)

91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by Industry division—Continued
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

Manufacturing

State and areas
AGS.
1981

JJLY
1982

AUG.
1982P

MASSACHUSETTS
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Lawrence—Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Springfield—Chicopee—Holyoke
Worcester

2,654.0
1#462. 3
56-3
53.7
116.6
77.2
64.8
231.5
162.5

2,592.8
1,453.7
55.1
43.6
110.5
78.0
62.2
224.6
159.0

MICHIGAN
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Bay City
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo—Portage
Lansing—East Lansing
Muskegon—Norton Shores—Musk. Hts
Saginaw

3,331.9
131.5
62.3
34.2
59.9
1,614.5
184.9
267.4
50.7
107.5
185.4
60. 4
83.1

MINNESOTA
Duluth—Superior
Minneapolis—St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

A03.
1981

1982

1982P

2,603.2
1.458. 1
55.5
52.6
111.4
78.3
62. 8
224.9
159.3

(11
(1)
(11
(11
(11
(11
(11

(U

3,197.0
129.0
59.3
34-2
57-7
1,545.5
180.8
262.6
47.2
105.5
180.6
58.1
80.4

3,190.6
128.0
60.4
33.9
56.6
1,541.2
176.2
264. 5
46.8
105-7
181.2
57.8
80.5

9.3
(1)
(11 =
(II
(11
1.0
(D
(11
(11
(1»

1,769.3
59.9
1,084.6
52.3
53.0

1,706.3
54.1
1,058.4
51.7
51.6

1,709.3
55.0
1,057.5
51.8
51.8

MISSISSIPPI
Jackson

813.0
145.8

789.6
142.9

782.7
143.1

13.1
2.1

MISSOURI
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

1,976.3
622.9
35.3
990.0
86.5

1,953.0
599-3
34.7
975.8
84.4

1,955.9
594.2
34.5
973. 8
85. 1

MONTANA
Billings
Great Falls

290.2
48.6
29.7

278-6
43.6
29.9

NEBRASKA
Lincoln
Omaha

623.6
98.5

d»'
(11 =

A03.
1981

(1)
(1)
(D
(11
(1)
(11
(1)
(1)

JULY AUG.
1982 1982P

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

85.3
46.3
1.6
1.3
3,0
3.0
1.6
6.3
5.3

86.1
47.0
1.6
1.3
3.0
3.1
1.6
6.3
5.6

667.0
291.4
12.4
20.0
47.3
29.0
26.4
63.7
47.8

613.1
284.3
11.4
15.4
41.6
29.8
24.1
58.0
4 2.6

94.4
1.8
1.7
1.0
1.7
44.6
4.3
11
1
4
3
2
2

97.6
1.9
1.8
1.1
1.5
47.3
4.6
11.2
1.0
4.1
3.7
2.0
2.4

955.4
38.9
20.4
9.0
21.6
455,
68.
89.
14
32,
38.
20.
29.

876.8
36.3
16.4
8.5
19.9
412.6
63.9
85.4
12.4
30.6
36.7
18.7
25.4

72.
1.
38.
2.
3.

372.3
7.3
245.8
11.0
12.3

349.3
5.5
232.7
10.5
11.4

(11 =
(11

1.0
(1>
(1)
(D
(D
(1)
(1)
(D

109.9
2.3
1.6
1.1
1.9
48.8
6.6
12.1
1.4
4.5
5.9
2.2
2.5

7.1
(11
(11 =
(21
(11

5.7
(1)
(II
(2)
(U

77.3
2.2
43.1
1.8
3.8

12.8
2-1

12.7
2.1

43.8
6.4

39.5
5.7

40.
5.

223.5
19.0

206.5
16.9

6.8
.5
(2)
3.5
12)

7.3
.4
(2)
3.2
(2>

7.2
.4
(21
3.3
(21

95.9
23.8
2.1
45.6
3.8

97.0
21.4
1.8
46.6
3.7

98.1
21.4
1.7
47.1
3.6

428.3
116.1
8.3
231.2
18.6

407.0
111.7
8.3
219.1
17.0

278.3
48.8
29.9

12-3
(11

10.2
(11
(1)

10.0
(II
(H

15.6
2.5
1.7

14.5
2.5
1.9

14.2
2.7
1.9

24.5
4.2
1.4

21.7
4.0
1.3

263.5

608.2
94.6
258.6

604.4
95.1
256. 1

1.8
(2)
(2)

1.7
(21
(2)*

1.5
(2|
(21

27.7
3.6
10.4

25.9
3.1
9.9

25.4
3.0
9.7

95.5
13.3
36.1

NEVADA
Las Vegas
Reno

423. 9
233.7
117.3

415-8
229.4
117.2

417. 2
229-9
117.1

8.1
.6
.8

7.2
.5
.8

7.2
.5
.8

26.8
15-6
6-4

23.9
14.1
6.0

24.0
14.1
6.1

20.9
7.6
8.7

NEW HAMPSHIRE
Manchester
Nashua

405.0
74.9
67.9

397-4
74.3
67.6

400.3
75-6
67.6

(2)
(2)
(2)

(21
(2»«
(21

(2)
(21
(2)

22-7
3-4
2.9

24.8
3.2
2.9

24.6
3.3
3.0

118.2
17.3
31.6

109.
16.

3,127.1
106-4
345.1
395.9
226-5
173.8
291.2
943.6
192.3
161.9
55.4

3,097.8
108.7
344.0
389.6
219.7
176-5
287-2
938.6
185.8
157.1
50.5

2.4

2 . 5 |119.4 1 1 8 . 8
5.7
5.9
14.4
13
.1
15
16.2
(11
5.4
6
7
7.8
(11
11
11.6
(11
33
34.3
.8
7.3
6,
(1)
3.6
3
(11
2.2
1
(11

119.0
6.2
13.9
15.0
5.9
6.9
11.3
33.2
5.3
3.9
1.9

775
8
71
109
68
25
92
240
67.8
34.2
19.1

715.
6.
65.
104.
61.6
24.1
83.6
226.6
63.9
29.3
15.0

477.9
190.0
28.5

472-0
189.2
29.9

32.4
12.3
1.7

34.7
17.9
2.7

32.7
16.8
2.6

NEW JERSEY
Atlantic City
Camden .5.
Hackensack
Jersey City. ?
Long Branch—Asbury Park
New Bruns.—Perth Amboy—Sayrevllle!
Newark.6
Paterson—Clifton—Passaic.6
Trenton
Vlneland—Mlllvllle—Bridgeton
NEW MEXICO
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
See footnotes at end of table.

92



3,098.4
108.7
343.7
386
220,
176
287,
940
184,
156.0
52. 1
474.8
190.6
30.2

(1)

16

(D

.1
(11

(11

(1)

C1»

(D
.9

(D

(11
(11
32.3
(1)

(II
.8
(II
(11
(11
27.2

(U

9.1
(11
(1)
(11

(D

27.0
(1)

34.1
12.5
1.8

32.3
12. 1
1.7

"

83.8
12.1
32.9
19.
7.
8.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities
I

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Wholesale and retail trade

Services

Government

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

MJ3.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JtJLY
1982

AUG.
1982P

118.5
70.0
3.2
1.8
4.8
3.2
2.3
9.0
7.4

115.6
68.6
3.4
1.9
4.7
3.0
2.2
8-7
7.4

116.3
69.0
3.3
1.9
4.9
3.0
2.2
8.7
7.5

578.3
314.2
15-3
11.8
22.2
16.3
12-8
47.6
35.5

" 580-5
317.4
15-2
11.6
22.3
16.4
12.8
47.6
35.6

579.2
317.9
15.1
11.8
22.5
16.5
12.9
47.9
35.9

168.3
114. 1
2.3
2.8
4.4
2.2
2.1
14.0
10.6

172.1
118- 1
2.3
2.9
4.5
2.3
2.0
13.8
11.2

172.1
118-1
2.3
3.0
4.5
2.3
2-0
13.8
11-0

667.2
432.1
10.3
9.4
19.0
12.3
10.7
47.8
33.5

669.0
439-5
10.5
9-5
19-5
13-2
11.0
49.1
34.8

672.2
442.0
10.8
9-9
19.5
13.3
11.1
49. 1
34.7

367.8
193.0
11.7
6.4
15-8
11.1
8.8
42.8
22-3

357.2
179-5
10.7
6.0
14.9
10.3
8.5
41.1
22.1

351.8
178.9
10.7
5.8
14.7
10.2
8-5
39-9
21-6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

145.1
3.4
2.3
1.7
2.2
77.6
5.8
11.2
5.1
4.3
5.5
3.2
4.9

138.0
3.4
2.2
1.7
2.1
72.6
6-3
11.0
5.1
4.3
5-6
3.1
4.8

137.6
3.4
2.2
1.7
2.1
72.0
6.1
11.0
5.1
4.2
5.6
3.1
4.8

716.1
19.8
10.7
8.8
11.7
358.8
40.3
64.0
10.4
22.4
34.7
12.2
18.1

681.2
19.1
10.6
9.0
11.5
346.5
38.9
64.6
9.7
22.4
34.8
11.9
18.7

687.1
19-1
10-6
9-1
11.6
345.3
39-1
64.6
9.6
22.5
35.8
11.9
18.8

154.6
4.0
4.3
1.4
2.0
88.5
6.5
11.0
1.6
4.1
9.4
1.4
4.1

153.3
3.8
4.3
1.4
1.9
88.9
6-4
10.9
1.6
4.0
9.1
1.4
3.9

152.9
3.8
4.2
1.3
1.9
89.3
5.3
10-9
1.6
4.0
9.1
1.4
3.9

662.6
24.1
11.7
7.2
12.6
352.1
29.3
50.4
9.7
22.5
30.5
11.2
14.2

665.1
24,8
12-1
7.6
12.3
347.7
29.2
49.9
9.7
22.4
30.7
10.8
15.3

667.5
24.8
12.0
7.5
12.1
349.0
29.4
53.2
9.5
22.3
32.2
10.9
15.1

575.3
39.1
11.7
5.1
7.8
232.3
27.7
29.1
8.3
17.4
61.3
10.2
10.3

578-9
39-8
12.1
5-0
8.3
231.6
31.9
30.0
7.6
17.8
60.3
10.2
9.9

574-0
39.5
12.0
5.0
8-3
232.6
28.9
28.5
7.6
18.1
58.7
10.1
10.0

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

97.7
6.6
61.8
2.0
3.3

91.9
5.5
58.9
1.9
3. 1

91.4
5.2
58.6
1.9
3.1

44 8 . 1
15.3
270.2
10.1
13.6

431.6
14-9
262-6
10.1
13-0

434.7
15. 1
262.7
10.2
13-2

98.3
2.3
73.6
1.5
2.0

98.7
2.2
73.1
1.5
1.9

98.5
2.2
73.0
1.6
1.9

384.7
14.3
244.7
19.9
9.8

393.0
13-5
249.9
20.5
10.1

394.5
14.0
251.0
20.6
10.2

273.6
11.9
145.3
5.8
8.3

263-7
10.8
143.3
4.7
8.6

258.6
11.4
139.6
4.8
8.6

23
24
25
26
27

40.6
10. 1

40.4
10.1

40.2
10.1

164.9
34.9

163.1
34-7

163.2
34.7

33.4
11.3

33.1
11. 1

33.0
11.1

118-4
29.3

120-6
29-4

117.6
29.4

175.3
32-8

173.5
32.8

170.3
32-8

28
29

137.8
52.6
2.2
72.2
7.0

133.7
48.8
2-1
6 9.7
7.2

134.2
48.9
2.1
69-6
7.2

473-7
160.8
8.6
228.6
24.3

466.4
152.7
8.6
225-8
23.5

467.6
152.6
8-5
225-8
23.6

110.7
45.0
1.9
58.4
3.6

110.3
44.7
2.0
57.5
3.5

110.1
44-4
2.0
57.4
3.5

412.6
135.1
6.8
224.8
19.5

421.1
133.6
6.5
226.9
19.0

422.3
133.8
6.4
226.4
19.5

310-5
89-0
5.4
125.7
9.7

310.2
86.0
5.5
127.0
10.5

307.4
85.2
5-6
125.1
10.4

30
31
32
33
34

23.1
4.7
2.0

22.8
4.5
2.1

22.8
4.5
2.1

75.6
16.1
9.9

75.7
16. 5
10.3

77.1
16.6
10.4

13.2
2.4
2. 1

12-8
2-5
2.1

12.7
2.5
2.1

57.6
11.5
7.1

58-1
11.5
7.3

58.0
11.5
7.4

68.2
7.3
5.5

62.8
7-1
4.8

62.1
7.1
4.8

35
36
37

47.9
7.4
24.7

43.8
7.0
23.1

43.4
6,9
23-0

163.6
22.4
67.4

160.7
21.8
65.9

160.0
22.0
65.2

41.4
7.0
23.9

41.8
7.0
24.2

41-7
7.0
24.2

121.4
16.9
61.4

123.3
16.7
61-3

122.7
16.7
60.3

124.4
27.9
39.5

127.1
26.8
41.2

127.1
27.8
40.8

38
39
40

25.4
14.0
8.1

25.4
14.0
8.0

25.4
14-0
8.0

86.7
4 9-0
26.3

86.4
48-7
26.5

86.6
48.8
26.5

18.7
10.7
6-2

18. 1
10.4
5.9

18-0
10.4
5.8

183.8
111.6
46.3

181.3
109.1
46.6

181.6
109.6
46.7

53.5
24.6
15.0

54.6
25.4
15.3

54.5
25.3
15.2

41
42
43

14.3
4.8
2.0

14.1
4.7
2.1

14.2
4.8
2-1

92-9
19.8
13.7

92-2
19.9
14.4

92.1
20.0
14.5

20.9
6.3
2.0

20.9
6-4
2. 1

20.9
6.4
2.1

83.1
15.3
10.5

83.6
15.7
10-8

84.1
15.8
10.9

52.9
8.0
5.2

52.3
8.0
5.0

52.0
8.0
5.0

44
45
46

190.5
4.0
15.3
20.2
25.1
6.4
23.5
73.8
6.6
5.2
3.2

188.9
3.9
15-3
20. 1
23.6
7.1
23.9
75.0
6.1
5.1
2.8

189.9
3.9
15-3
20.1
24.1
6.7
24.2
75.3
5.9
5-1
2.8

701.4
22-8
88-3
114.2
44.4
44.0
66.0
178.8
40.3
23.8
9-0

704.2
21.8
89.1
111.2
44.3
45.8
65.7
178.7
38.6
23.5
8.7

702.1
21.8
89.4
110.5
44.1
45.8
66.5
178.4
38.4
23-3
8.8

154.7
5.0
17.6
17.9
8-6
8.1
11.9
66.1
9 1
8.6
2.5

166.6
4.8
17.8
18.5
8.7
8. 1
11.9
66.9
9.1
8.8
2.6

166.0
4.7
17.7
18.4
8.6
8.1
11.8
67.0
9.1
8-9
2.6

657.5
44.2
72.8
78.0
31.3
46.4
44-2
2 02.9
34.7
41.1
8.7

675.5
49. 1
76.0
81.0
31.7
47.7
46.5
209.2
35.0
40.5
3.7

674.5
48.9
75.8
81-1
31-8
47.9
46.7
208.6
34.5
40.3
8.8

515.6
16.4
65.2
39.9
43-4
35-5
42.0
146.1
26.8
!
45.5
10.7

526.2
16.3
66.7
39.5
43.8
36.7
44.4
147.9
26.6
46.0
10.9

522. 1
16.2
66.2
37.7
44.1
36.5
43.5
147.4
26.3
45.6
10.7

47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57

28.6
11.8
1.1

28.1
11.3
1.2

28.6
11.5
1.2

108.6
4 8.5
5.5

110.8
49.3
5.8

111.8
49-6
5.8

21.9
11.1
1.3

22.4
11.0
1.3

22-4
11.1
1.3

96.9
46.0
4.0

98-7
47.8
4.0

98.8
47.9
4.1

120.8
42.2
12-1

119.8
40.9
13.3

120.6
41.3
13.2

58
59
60




I

!
j
!
j

»UJS.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls for States and selected areas by Industry division—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Manufacturing

Construction

Mining

State and areas
A03.
1981

JULY
1982

&D5.
1982P

\03.
1981

NEWYORK
Albany—Schenectady—Troy
Blnghamton
Buffalo
Elmfra
Monroe County .7.
Nassau—Suffolk
New York—Northeastern New Jersey .
New York and Nassau—Suffolk .6.
New York SMSA8
NewYorkClty .9
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County .9
Syracuse
Utlca—Rome
Westchester County .9

331.2
341.2
117.2
496.1
36.7
342. 1
925.3
743.7
753.3
827.9
372.5
100.4
419.5
83.4
256.3
114.2
359.3

7,272.5
333.6
116.8
473.4
34.3
343.3
937

7.264.4
334.7

6.8
(11
(1)
(11

3,361
102
419.6
83.7
252.8
112.6
360.9

3,365.0

NORTH CAROLINA
Ashevllle
Charlotte—Gastonla
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Pt
Raleigh—Durham

2,355.1
73.6
337.5

2,286.1

2,296.8

71.9
327.7

386.2
268.3

374.1

71.7
328.1
373.4

266.5

250.3
60.4

NORTH DAKOTA
Fargo—Moorhead
OHIO
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton
Toledo
Youngstown—Warren
OKLAHOMA
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
OREGON
Eugene—Springfield
Jackson County
Portland
Salem
PENNSYLVANIA
Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton
Altoona
Delaware Valley l°.
Erie
Harrisburg
Johnstown
Lancaster
Northeast Pennsylvania
Philadelphia SMSA
Philadelphia City \\
Pittsburgh
Reading
Willlamsport
York
RHODE ISLAND
Providence—Warwick—Pawtucket
SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston—North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville—Spartanburg
See footnotes at end of table.

94



,

,

6.4

AOG.
1981

JULY AOG.
1982 1982P

229.

OP
(11

6.5
(11
(11
(11
(D
(1)
(1)
(*l
1.8
1.6
1.4
(11
(1)
(D
(1)
(1)
(D

4.7
(D«
(II
(11
(11

4.6
(D
d>
(1)
(1)

118.4
3.2
19.1
17.6
14.3

106.5
2.8
17.7
15.9
13.0

106.2

268.0

4.9
(1)
(11
(1)
(11

251.5
60.0

251.4
60.1

11.7
(2)

9.5
(21

9.6
(2)

17.4
3.6

18.8
3.5

4,315.1
257.3
158.7
589.2
884.3
504.6
348.7
287.6
197.5

4.194.7
251.0
155.0
581.7
861.6
501.6
342.7
280.2
187.5

4,181.4
251.3
153.7
581.6
857.6
502.8
341.4
281.6
183.7

32.4
(*l
(*l

3 2.8
(*l
(*P
(*l
(*l

32.0

167.2
8.6
5.8
23.7
29.3
19.5
12.7
12.6
7.0

1.195.1
28.7
422.0
324.0

1,202.6
25.8
30.0
437.7
324.4

1,201.0
25.9
28.8
438.2
324.2

00.2
3.2
(11
27.4
27.0

1.018.3
98.9

964.1
92.2

964.6
92.6

542.0
89.5

519.7
87.5

749.1
265.7
50.5
589.4
109.7
227.4

4.487.5
250.2

26.8
,

JULI
1982 1982P

6,788
4,756
3,818

116.8
470.8
34.2
342.2

932.5

(*>

4.749.2
3,816.7
103.5
418.8
83.4
252.0
112.9
355.3

(*»
(*l

(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)

(H

(*!
(*!
(*>
(*»

(*>
(*)
<*l

(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
96.5

10.
4.
17.
1.
10.
37.
208.
142.

105.
84.
2.
12.
2.
10.
2.
16.

|218.3 2 2 1 . 0 1 . 4 4 2 . 2
10.0
10.0
55.9
4.0
4.1
43.6
15.9
16.1
127.6
1.1
1.2
11
9.7
10.5
141
35.8
36.3
168.
,310.
[209. **
(*l
743.
1 3 8 . 1 13 8 . 7
575,
102.2 102.4
81.8
4 83
81.8
33.
2.8
2.9
11.8
162.8
12.5
3.0
15.5
3.1
10.1
59.9
10.4
2.7
29.6
2.9
16.6 16.7
75.2

JULY
1982
1,369.
51.
42.
114.
8.
141.
164.
1.258.
714.
550.
460.
34.
161.
15.
55.
27.
73.

17.8
15.7
13.0

823.3
22.0
95.5
149.7
46.0

762.4
20.8
89.9

19.1
3.5

15.6
4.9

15,0
4.6

2.9

141.4
44.1

152.4 1 5 4 . 1 1 , 2 3 6 . 9 1.118.8
7.9
8.0
75.5
69.4
56.4
5.8
5.4
51.
21
27
17
11
9
6

22.2
27.3
18.1
11.5

9.9
6.3

158.3
247.8
92.7
97.1
74.9
66.7

149.
228.
88.

201.8
3.1
3.2
57.2
68.6

180.8
2.4
3.1
52.4
62.1

212.7
19.8
7.1
108.7
18.0

194.0

90.
67.
56.8

28.4

2.8
(1)
29.1
28.5

56.2
1.5
1.4
22.6
16.6

58.7
1.3
1.4
23.3
17.4

59.3

2.6
(11

2.3
(1)

2.5
(11

39.6
4.0

32.5
2.9

32.4
2.9

517.1
89.2

(11
(1)

(11
(11

(11
(11

22.3
3.4

19.9
2.9

20.1
2.9

4,482.4

49.7
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(II
8.3
(11
1.2
(1>
(11
9.8
(1)
(11
(1)

43.3
(II
(1)
(11
(11
(11
6.1
(11
1.0
(11
(IP
9.3
(11
(II
(II

42.9
(11
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
6.7
(1)
1.0
(1)
(II
8.5
(1)
(1)
(11

198.6
8.3
2.2

392.
394.

(1)
(11

(1)
(11

(D
(1)

13.0
13.2

12.6
12.5

12.6
12.5

127.8
141.5

109.8
121.1

1.164.1
154.3
175.7
257.5

(1)
(1)
(11
(II

(11
(II
(11
(11

(1)
(11
(11
(11

73.7
9.8
8.6
16.7

66.7

66.3
10. 1

392.6
21.7
27.4

354.0
18.9
24. 1
95.1

49.2

250.1
47.2

82.9
154.5
241.2
1 . 935.2
787.3
949.0
136.9
46.6
156.7

1,529.1
105.3
226.1
77.0
148.5
227.4
1,872.9
745.0
872.7
132.0
44.3
148.7

1,522.1
105.4
226.7
78.0
148.7
233.9
1.866.0
746.5
868.5
133.3
44.6
148.3

403.5
409.3

384.7
386.7

1,190.1
153. 0
176.4

1,160.1
154.9
174.7
259.8

267.4

(D
(1)
(II
2.9
2.0
1-7
1.5
(1)
(11
(1)
(1)
(II
(1»

(II
(II
(1P
(11
(11
(11
2.1
1.8
1.5
1.3
(11
(11
(11

AUG.
1981

98.1
2.8

(11
2 9.4

171.5
7.8
2.1
6 4 . 2 58
3
3.2
7
8.5
2
3.0
6
6.7
9
11.7
7
1.7
79. D
18.9
20.4
40.9
50.3
4.3
5.4
1.4
1.5
7.0
7.0

10.0
8.7
15.7

1.3
1.4

23.6
17.5

174.
7.
2.
56.
3.
7.
2.
5.
9.
70.
18,
44.
4.
1.
6.

8.9
15.2

16.4
6.6
101.6
17.3

1,317.7 1,142.4
105.4
91.0
13. 1
11.8
361.3
332.3
41 4
38.6
42 7
40.5
17 5
14.8
60 0
54.8
69 3
57.5
432 7
397.5
130 3
120.2
239 4
190.8
53.3
49.1
16.4
14.5
66.1
59.6

103.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls for States and selected areas by Industry division—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Wholesale and retail trade

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

427.6
15.7
4.7
26.0
1.3
10.5
39.0
468.9
317.5
278.5
254.9
2.9
12.9
3.4
14.5
3.9
19.6

421. 1
15.1
4.7
24.5
1.3
10.4
41.2
466.6
313.5
272.4
249.1
2.9
12.8
3.5
t4.5
4.0
19.2

421.3
15.1
4.8
24.6
1.3
10.4
41.1
314.0
272.9
249.7
2.9
12.8
;3.5
14.6
4.0
19.1

117.2
3.6
31.8
21.4
13.6

115.7
3.5
31.2
21.1
14.2

116.0
3.5
31.3
21.1
14.4

475-2
16-1
82.4
77.5
53.4

468.8
16.1
79.4
76-7
52.1

471.2
16.1
79.3
77.1
52.1

99.1
2.4
21.7
19.1
16.0

99.5
2.5
21.8
19.0
16.0

99.4
2-4
21-7
19.1
16.0

357.5
15.1
54.5
59.9
58.0

17.1
3.9

16.7
3.7

16.7
3.7

67.5
18.8

67.7
18.9

68.0
19.1

11.9
4.0

12.0
4.0

12.1
4.0

I

220.7
13.9

I

7.1
33.3
45.8
24.6
13.5
19.4
9.3

215.0
13.6
7.0
32.8
44.7
23.7
13.2
19.0
9.1

214.8
13.7
7.0
32.7
44.6
23.7
13.3
19.1
9.1

951.4
57.8
33.6
139.5
199.5
120.0
73.0
66.0
44.4

937.9
58.1
33-5
137.7
195.8
120.2
72-0
65.3
44-0

939-8
58.4
33-6
137.6
195.4
121. 1
72.3
65.4
44.0

207.3
9.3
6.4
32.8.
43.5
39.8
13.7
10.6
7.2

208.6
9.3
6.5
32.5
48.3
41.6
14.2
10.8
7.4

70.2
2.7
1.4
24.2
24.4

68.5
2.8
1.4
25.2
24.4

68.4
2.8
1.4
25.2
24.4

281.6
7.1
7.3
105.6
73.4

288.5
7.3
7.4
109.5
74.8

290.2
7-2
7.2
110.5
75.0

59.1
1. 1
1.2
26.7
15.9

60.1
4.9

56.6
4.7

56.4
4.7

256.9
25-3

246.2
24.0

246.2
23.9

36.8
2.8

35-7
2.8

35.2
2.8

142-6
19.1

138.4
18. 1

254. 1
14.1
6.3
80.8
5.0
16.8
4.8
6.5
12.7
95.5
51.7
55.6
6.3
2.3
7.6

236.8
13.9
5.9
76-4
4.6
16.2
4.4
6.1
12.8
91.7
4 9.2
50.6
6.3
2.0
7.2

237.5
13.7
4.1
75.9
4.7
16.3
4.4
6.2
12.4
91.2
49. 0
50.7
6.3
2-0
7-2

983.2
52.9
11.0
325.9
22.0
4 5. 4
15.9
3 4.5
50.2
414.2
140.8
214.2
27.9
9.7
33.3

13.0
12.8

12.9
12.5

13.1
12.6

54.2
9.2
9.6
10.1

54.5
8.7
9.8
9.2

54.6
8.6
9.8
9.2

(*)




A 03.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

1,461.6 1.464.5 1,458.4
69.1
67.6
67.9
21.2
21.5
21.5
108-5
110.2
109.1
8-7
8.7
8.7
59.7
59-6
59.7
242.4
242.5
239.9
1.382.8 1.387.2
94 5 . 4
949-1
944.5
705.5
706.6
702.0
601.4
602.1
597.9
16.5
16.8
16.8
77.3
77.8
78.0
17.9
18.2
18.2
57-1
57. 1
56.8
22-8
23. 1
23.0
83.2
83.2
82.8

565.0
16.1
4.3
22.6
1.2
14.7
53.3
647.9
555.7
502.4
479.2
3.0
16.2
2.7
16.6
5.6
19.9

JUL?
1982

Qovernment

Services

AUG.
1982P

678.8
677.6
16.4
16.4
4.2
4.2
22.7
22.8
1.2
1.2
15.0
14.9
53.5
53.4
682.8
568.0
567.1
514.6
513.7
491.5
490.6
3.1
3.1
16.5. „ 16.5
2.8
2.8
16.8
16.8
5.7
5.7
19.8
19.8

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

1.804.5 1,830.3
75.2
75.6
19.6
19.6
106.1
104.3
6.9
7.0
68.6
70.2
221.9
229.2
1,631.2 1,707.1
1,270.6 1,303.9
1.048.9 1,074.9
933.0
956.1
19-5
19.5
80.8
82.8
20.0
19.5
50.7
50.8
21.0
21-4
92.7
96.1

1,831.8
76.6
19.7
104.3
6.9
69.8
228.1

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

1,283.7 1,276.6
97-2
98.5
19.9
19.8
83-0
82,5
6.3
6.0
37.0
36.5
170.9
165.6
1,075.2
766.8
761.0
595.8
595.3
518.5
518.1
23.1
23.5
56-8
56.0
21.3
21.0
47.5
47.2
28.6
28.4
53.1
52.9

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

1,303.0
1,075.1
957.4
19.8
82.4
19.5
50.8
21.3
94.9

1,293.5
98.9
19.5
85.7
5.9
37.1
165.3
1,091.7
775-0
610-7
534.8
22.4
56.5
20.9
46.9
28.4
52.0

366.4
14.8
54.7
61.3
59.5

356.4
14.8
54.6
61.4
59.8

359.5
11.2
32-5
41-0
67-5

352.1
11.4
33.0
38.7
67.6

362.1
11.4
31.9
39.1
68.0

18
19
20
21
22

52.5
13.8

54.5
14-3

54.7
14.3

57.1
11.4

57.3
11.0

56-5
10-8

23
24

208.3
9.3
6.5
32-5
48.4
41.5
14.2
10.8
7.4

864.8
53.9
30.1
125.2
192.3
109.7
73.7
64.5
39.4

896-1
55.0
31.0
130.7
197.3
113.6
76.5
67.0
40.3

897.9
55.2
31.0
131.1
197.5
113.9
77.0
67.3
40.4

634.3
37.6
18.0
75.2
119.8
97.5
64.4
39.0
22.6

633.2
37.0
18.1
76.9
117.9
95.7
64.3
40.7
22.8

625.1
37.0
18.1
75.3
116.7
95.4
63.9
39.3
22.9

25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

62.2
1.2
1.3
23.1
16.4

62.2
1.2
1.3
28.2
16.5

205.3
4.6
4.7
73.8
63.6

216.7
4.6
4.6
79.9
66.9

217.9
4.6
4.6
79.6
67.0

220.7
3.5
9-5
84.5
34.5

229.1
3.4
10.8
89.9
34.0

228.1
3.6
9.8
89.9
33.9

34
35
36
37
38

69-2
5-5

65.6
5.4

64.9
5.3

192.9
19.5

187.1
19.8

186.7
19.7

184.3
19.9

179.8
19.0

178.6
18.7

39
40

139.0
18.1

45.9
5.6

44-9
5.6

44.5
5.6

110.9
15.2

106.0
15.5

105.5
15.5

74.8
25.4

73.2
25.3

71.8
25.8

41
42
43

964.5
50.7
10.7
321.5
21.4
45.6
15.0
34-3
48.2
410.6
137.8
210.0
26.9
9.6
32.5

960.9
50.2
10.6
319.9
21-5
45.7
15.1
34.1
48.5
409.4
137.0
209.8
26.8
9.5
32.7

243.4
9.8
1.6
112.3
4-8
12.8
4. 1
5.9
10-0
130.0
66.7
47-4
6.5
2.2
4.1

245.3
9.7
1.6
113.9
4.9
13. 1
4.2
6.1
10.7
131.7
65.9
47.8
6.6
2.2
4.1

244.9
9.7
1.6
113.8
4.9
13.1
4.3
6.1
10-7
131.6
65.9
47.8
6.5
2.2
4.1

1,015.0
46.8
9.0
404.6
22.5
42.3
15.8
27.3
48-2
476.2
214.8
217.1
23.6
8.4
21.9

687.4
27.9
7.3
240.3
10.8
58.9
13.5
13.6
37.9
307.6
163. 1
115.2
13.9
6.1
16.7

666.4
29.3
8.2
219.5
10.4
59.3
14.2
12.7
36.8
286.1
140. 1
106.5
14.7
6.0
16.2

654.8
28.6
8.0
219.0
10.3
58.6
14.1
12.2
36.2
285.2
143.4
104.9
14.5
6.1
15.9

44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58

81.8
81.0

79.2
78.0

79.4
77.9

21.2
21.0

21-3
21.2

21.3
21.1

88.7
84.3

91.0
86.5

93.5
86.0

58.0
55.5

57.9
54.9

57.8
54.7

59
60

23 6 . 4
33.6
37.2
54-3

239.0
33.7
37.4
55.2

240.3
34.0
37.1
55.3

51.1
7.0
14.3
10.2

52.7
7.3
15.0
10.5

52.9
7.3
15.1
10-5

169.2
25.6
27.7
38.0

177.0
29.3
27.5
39.9

176. 1
29.2
27.8
39.5

212.9
46.1
51.5
34.5

216.2
47.0
52.2
34.2

214.3
46.4
51.8
33-5

61
62
63
64

(*)

(*»

(*>

1,017.3 1,016.3
47.8
48. 1
8.9
8.8
407.5
407.2
22. 1
22.1
43.8
43.9
16. 1
16.0
27.9
27.9
50.7
51.6
483.6
483.0
212.9
213.4
217. 1
217.5
24. 1
24.2
8.6
8.5
22. 1
22.2

(*)

95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by Industry division—Continued
(In thousands)
Contract
Construction

Mining

Total

Manufacturing

State and areas

SOUTH DAKOTA
Sioux Falls

JUL* AUS.
1982 1982P

AUG.
1981

JOLT A03.
1982 1982P

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

1.5
(21

1.5
(2)

12.0
2.6

10.2
2.6

10.4
2.8

26.0
7.4

25.8
7.6

11.2
1.4
1.5
.2
(11

11.3
1.4
1.5
.2
(1)

81.7
5.9
10.3
14.7
17.5

82.5
5.8
9.4
13.6
16.1

82.7
5.8
9.2
13.7
16.6

518.3
49.1
52.2
59.7
83.0

474. 1
45.8
48.3
55.0
75.3

3 0 0 . 9 (296.2
30.8
33.3
103.4
97.2
3.2
3.5

294.2
33.2
95.6
3.6

444.7 1,118.9
85.7
332.8
265.1
144.0
53.1
27.7

1,046.2
315.7
252.5
49.4

18.4
6.7

18.4
5.2

ADS.
1981

JJLJf
1982

MJG.
1982P

AU3.
1981

239-a
53.6

231.9
54.3

231.7
54.3

3.1
(2)
10.5
1.1
1-6
.2
(II

TENNESSEE
Chattanooga
Knoxvllle
Memphis
Nashville—Davidson

1,750.6
168.1
202. 4
356,2
3 59.7

1,704.
165.
204.
347,
345.

1,703.6
164. 1
202.8
346. 8
347. 8

TEXAS
Dallas—Fort Worth
Houston
San Antonio

6,171.1
1,519.3
1,563.2
408.6

6,248.5
1,545.1
1,554.4
409.7

6,223.1
1,549.4
1,545.6
407.1

UTAH
Salt Lake City—Ogden

558.6
392.9

557.8
394.6

558.8
394.2

VERMONT
Burlington .1?
Springfield.1?

202.8
59.3
14.7

201.0
59.1
13.7

201.8
59.1
14.1

VIRGINIA
Bristol
Lynchburg
Newport News—Hampton
Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth .
Northern Virginia1.3
Petersburg—Colonial Hgts.—Hopewell
Richmond
Roanoke

2,169.6
26.7
69.5
152.8
293.4
467. «
43.5
325.4
103.1

2,167.2
26.5
69.6
156.1
291.8
477.3
44.8
326.7
101.7

2,164
26
68
156
290
477
44.9
326.2
102.0

23.2
(11
(11
(11
(11
.4
(1>
-3
.2

22-4
(11
(11
(11
(11
.4
(1*
.3

22.4
(1)
(1)

WASHINGTON
Seattle—Everett
Spokane
Tacoma

1,589.6
768.1
123.4
140.3

1,551.2

1,546.9

3.2
(*l

3.0

CM

3.3
(1)
(11
(1)

(*!
(*>

(*)
(*)
(*>

631.9
112.1
103.6
58.9
65.3

602.3
109.9
98.1
55.3
61.6

603.4
109.7
99.3
56.6
61. 9

67.0
6.8
1-2
1.4
4.9

60.9
6-3
1-3
1.4
4-7

58.0
6.3
1.3
1.4
4.7

1,936.3
125.9
47.5
79.5
50.5
42. «
44.7
170.4
657.7
66.2

1,868.7
120.4
46.7
77.7
49.3
41.6
44.0
167.9
625.9
61.8

1.872.4
121.4
46.0
79.5
45.5
41. 8
44.3
168.4
628.9
61. 1

2.5
(1)
(1)
(11
(1)

2-3
(11
(1)
(11
(II
(1»
(11
(11

WYOMING
Casper
Cheyenne

223.5
40.9
31.3

215.6
38.5
29.8

213-9
37-7
29.4

PUERTO RICO
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

656.5
(*l

622.2
(*l

615.6

WEST VIRGINIA
Charleston
Huntington—Ashland
Parkersburg—Marietta
Wheeling
WISCONSIN
Appleton—Oshkosh
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville—Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine

VIRGIN ISLANDS

1

(*)

(*l
(*l
37.7

(*>

(*l
(*l

(*)
(*)

(*>
(*>
(*)

(*>
(*)
(*)
(*)

35.9

36.0

Combined with services.
Combined with construction.
3
Area included in Chicago—Gary Standard Consolidated Statistical Area.
4
Subarea Baltimore Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
,
5
Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area:
Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester Counties, New Jersey.
8
Subarea of New York—Northeastern New Jersey.
7
Subarea of Rochester Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
8
Area included in New York and Nassau—Suffolk combined SMSA's.
9
Subarea of New York Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
10
Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area:
Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, Philadelphia Counties, Pennsylvania.
2

96



21.3
8.2

443.4 447.6
83. 1 85.2
150.5 145.6
27.5
27.9
30.4
23. 1

27.9
17.8

28.1
18.1

91.0
61.8

88.2
61.0

12.3

11.6

11.7

51.5
16.1
6.2

49.1
16.0
5.2

120.9
1.0
2.9
7.0
(D
(D 1 7 . 9
30.1
.4
2.0
(1)
18.2
.3
1
. 1
4.3

110.0
.7
2.7
6.8
17.1
27.3
1.9
17.4
4.5

110.7
.7
2.7
6.6
17.3
27.3
2.2
17.4
4.7

92.6
39.3
6.3
7.3

77.5

31.4
6.3
5.3
3.5
3.0

412,
9.
28.
34,
30.
20.
10.
57.
21.

395.8
8.9
26.8
35.8
28-6
21.8
9.9
54. 1
19.9

77.7

(*>
(*)
(*)

304.7
169,3
16.4
22.3

289.5

22.6
4.7
3.9
1.5
2.2

26.5
5.3
4.5
2.9
2.6

112.8
16.6
25.0
16.8
12.1

97.3
16.5
21.9
15.3
9.2

53.2
4.6
1. 1
3 1
1 1
1 6
1 2
5 5
13.3
1.5

55.5
4.7
1.2
3.2
1.1
1.7
1.1
5.4
15.7
1.8

562.2
47.9"
9.1
23
19
16
10,
21
197
27

502.2
43.8
9.0
21.8
17.8
16.1
10.0
19.7
169.0
23.4
10.
1.
1.

(*>
<*>
(*>

(*)
(*)
(*)

(11

(1)
(1)

64.1
5.0
1.7
3.1
1.4
1.6
1.6
6.5
18.6
1.6

40.0
8.1
(11

39.9
7.3
(11

39-4
6.4
(11

20.9
3.5
1.9

18.3
4.2
1.7

17.9
4.3
1.7

10.6
2.1
1-5

.8
(*l

.7

.7

32.1

21.8

20.8

151.4

1.7
16.0

(*>
(*)
(*)
(*>

139.5

l*\
1.7
15.2

2.9

3.2

3.0

2.6

(D

(11
(1)
(1)
(1)

(*)
(*)

0)

(*)
(*\

2. 1
(11
(1)
(1)
(11
(1)
(1)

d>

(*)
(*)
(*)

(*)
(*>

(D

(11

(1)

2.7
22.2

(2)

12)

(2)

3.4

(*»
(*)

(*>

(*)
(*)
(*)
(*>

11
Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area:
Philadelphia County.
12
Total includes data for industry divisions not shown separately.
13
Subarea of Washington, D.C. Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area: Alexandria,
Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas, and Manassas Park cities, and Arlington, Fairfax, Lou­
doun, and Prince William Counties, Virginia.
p = preliminary.
*Not available.

SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas by industry division—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities

|

I

MJG.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

12.7
4.4

12.7
4.6

12.7
4.6

6 6.3
15.8

63.8
15.7

85.6
7.7
8.4
27.5
20.0

82.4
7.5
7.9
2 6.2
19.4

82-2
7.4
7.7
26.1
19.4

371.8
34.2
4 3 . 61
9 7 . 1|
81.4|

390.9
99.6
110.0
19.5

388.3
96.6
106.7
19-2

390.2
97.1
107.9
19.1

35.0
27.3

36.9
28.6

37-2
28-9

8.6
2.4
.6

-8.7
2.4
.7

AUG.
1982P
64.3
16.1 |

Services

Government

\03.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

11.5
3.5

11.8
3.4

11.8
3.4

53.1
13.9

52.0
14.2

52.5

AUG1981

13.9 I

JULY
1982

AUG.
1982P

54.3
6.0

54.0
6.2

52.7
6.0

1
2

366.8
33.6
45.5
95.6
78.6

363.5
34.1
44-8
95.2
78.8

78.6
9.8
3.6
20.2
24.3

77.0
9.8
9.0
20.2
24.0

76.7
9.9
9.0
20.2
23.9

313.8
29.3
33.4
75.6
74.7

333.9
29.0
36.4
78.0
74.6

331.6
28.5
36.7
78.0
74.5

290.3
31.0
44.3
61.2
58.4

276.6
32.3
46.2
58.8
57.6

277.1
31.5
45.5
58.7
58.8

3
4
5
6
7

1,513.0 1.578.1
417.6
403.2
375.5
376. Q
103.7
103. 9

1.576.5
419.3
374.6
103.3

350.4
116.3
93.7
27.5

360.5
121.3
99.0
28.3

361.3
121.3
99.1
28.2

1,094.2
281.5
305.7
84.1

1,138.7
302.9
312.2
85.5

1.137.1
304.2
311.7
85.7

959.4
172.0
158.8
89.4

992.9
173.5
165.7
92.5

985.0
173.4
163.4
90.6

8
9
10
11

131.6
97.3

129.7
96.0

130.5
96.3

26.4
21.2

27.1
22.0

27.0
22.0

103.6
71.7

108.3
75.5

108.7
75.6

119.4
85.3

121.2
87.0

120.9
86.7

12
13

8-8
2-4
.7

43. 1
12.3
2.3

43.5
12.3
2.2

43.8
12.5
2.2

8.4

8.5

8.4

44.9
12.4
2.7

34. 1

-

44.5
12.5
2.7

34.5

-

44.1
12.3
2.7

34.1

-

-

-

14
15
16

117.4
1.21
2.7|
5.3
20.3
32.6
1.2
19-8
9-3

118.2
1.2
2.6
5.3
20.1
32.6
1.2
19.6
9.9

466.6
6.4
12.0
29.2
71.6
111.9
8.8
76.1
25.2

477.1
7.0
12.3
29.7
71.7
114.9
9.4
77.7
25.5

475.9
7.2
12-5
30.2
71.8
114.6
9.3
77.8
25.7

108.0
.9
3.4
5.0
15.1
29.8
1.2
26.6
6.2

107.5
.9
3.3
5.1
15.3
29.9
1.3
26.4
6.1

107.2
.9
3.3
5.2
15.3
29.9
1.3
26.4
6.1

426.9
3.4
10.6
33.3
60.5
125.6
6.7
61.4
20.9

433.5
3.5
11.4
33.1
62.1
128.8
7.1
62.9
21.1

432.1
3.6
11.3
33.1
62. 1
128.9
7.4
62.8
21.0

493.2
4.5
9.4
39.0
78.4
116.8

503.5
4.3
9.3
40.3
76.7
122.2
13.9
68.1
15.2

500.8
4.2
9.3
40.3
76.2
121,8
13.6
67.9
15.0

17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

90.9
51.7
8.6
6.7

86.8

86.8

384.0

92.4

323.3

291.6

<*>
(*)
(*)

(*>
f*>
(*)

(*)
<*>
(*>

(*>
(*l
(*>

299.5
108.1
18.9
31.4

297.7

(*)
(*)
(*)

319.4
156.1
29.9
32.0

320.7

(*)
(*)
(*)

92.1
57.5
7.9
7.1

92.5

(*\
(*>
(*)

387. 1
186.4
35.4
33.5

383.3

(*)
(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)
(*>

(*)
(*)
(*)

26
27
28
29

42.6
9.6
9.9
2.5
3.7

41.6
9.4
8.5
2.4
3.6

41.5
9.3
8-9
2.4
3.6

132.1
26.5
24.3
13.3
15.4

129-6
26-2
24. 1
13.1
15.4

129.5
26.1
24.1
13.1
15.4

22.2
5.3
3.7
2.1
2.8

22.1
5.2
3.6
2.0
2.8

22.0
5.1
3.6
2.0
2.8

102.6
21.3
15.7
10.0
14.0

101.7
21.2
16.1
9.8
14.2

101.4
21.2
16.0
9.8
14.2

121.3
19.9
18.4
9.4
9.5

127.0
20.6
18.9
9.8
9.5

127.5
20.3
19.2
9.8
9.4

30
31
32
33
34

88.2
4. 1
2.7
5.8
2.0
1.3
2.3
6.2
32.8
2.2

84-8
4.1
2.6
6.1
2.4
1-2
1.9
6.2
31-9
2.3

84-5
4.1
2.6
6..1
2.4
1..2
1.9
6.2
31.6
2.3

439.7
26.2
12.7
19.9
11.2
8.5
11.7
36.2
142.3
13.4

433.9
24.8
12.5
19.4
10.8
8.1
11.7
36.6
139.2
13.0

435.6
25.4
12.5
20.2
10.8
8.1
11.7
36.8
139.1
13.0

97.7
5.6
1.7
2.6
1.4
1.0
1.2
13.9
40.9
2.3

98.8
5.7
1.7
2.6
1.4
1.0
1. 1
14.0
41. 4
2.3

98.5
5.8
1.7
2.6
1.4
1.0
1.1
14.0
41.1
2.3

383.6
21.5
10.1
15.0
8.8
7.7
11.1
32.6
146.6
11.3

388.7
22.1
10.1
15.1
8.8
7.4
11.8
33. 1
149.7
11.1

391.2
22.1
10.0
15.4
8.8
7.5
11.8
33.4
150. 1
11.2

298.5
15.5
9.3
9.8
6.1
5.6
6.3
54.1
79.4
8.2

304.7
15.3
9.7
9.6
6.9
6.0
6.4
52.9
82.5
8.1

302.3
15.3
9.3
9.6
6.6
5.8
6.5
52.8
81.2
7.9

35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

18.2
2.9
4.7

17-6
2.6
4.0

17.3
2.5
3.8

51.5
11.0
7.4

50.3
10.3
7.2

7.5
1-8
1.6

7.5
1.8
1.5

7.5
1.8
1.5

36.1
5.8
6.0

34.3
5.6
5.4

33.9
5.4
5.5

38.8
5.7
8.2

37.5
5.3
8.4

37.3
5.4
8.3

45
46
47

16.0

14.1

14.5

27.9

82.5

79.9

82. 1

(*)
<*\
(*)
11.7

103.1
4.5
5.3
6.8
65-5

28.2

(*)
(*)
(*)
11.3

111.2
5.2
5.5
7.5
71.3

23.0

(*)
(*>
(*>
12.4

(*)
(*)
I*)

(*)
<*>
(*>
21.5

(*)
(*>
(*>
21.4

(*)
(*>
6.5

(*)

(*)
(*)
6.4

234.5
9.4
12.9
16.9
124.6

235.7
9.8
13.9
17.8
122.5

227.5
9.2
13.6
16.8
118.9

48
49
50
51
52

2.0

2.0

1.6

1.6

14.8

14.6

14.7

53

118.4
1.1
2.7
5.0
20.0
32.7
1.2

19.9
10.0

|

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Wholesale and retail trade




2.0

7.4

51.1 !
10.5 |
7.5 |
102-3
4.4
5.4
6.7
65.0

^

6.7

|

21.3
1.7

57.4

(♦)
6.5
55-9

58.8

5.4

5.3

5.2

-

13.4 I
65.8
14.7

i
'

97

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Every month, 12 times a year

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reports on
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ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1
on private nonagricuitural payrolls by industry division, 1961 to date
Average
Year and
month

Weekly
earnings

Weekly

noun

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$3.20
3.31

39.8
40.4
40.5
40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6
39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7 "
40.0
39.5
40.1
40u3
40.4
40.2
39.7
39.8

Hourly
earnings

Manufacturing

$<05.92
110.70
114.40
117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.B0
164.40
172. 14
3.45
189.14
3.70
3 . 94 201..40
4 . 2 4 219..14
4 . 5 3 249.31
273.90
4.86
5 . 2 5 301.20
332.88
5.69
6. 16 365.07
397.06
6.66
7 . 2 5 439.19

$2.64 $118.08
2.70 122.47
.75 127.19
. 8 1 132.06
.92 138.38
.05 146.26
.19 154.95
.35 164.49
.60 181.54
.85 195.45
.06 211.67
.44 221.19
.75 235.89
.23 249.25
.95 266.08
.46 283.73
.94 295.65
.67 318.69
8.49 342.99
9.17 367.78
10.05 398.52

37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9
37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
35.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0
37.0
36.9

10.80

$92.34
96.56
99.23
102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51
133.33
142.44
154.71
165.46
176.80
193.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34
288.62
318.00

$2.32
2.39
45
,53
,61
,71
,82
,01
.19
,35
.57
.82
.09
.42
.83
.22
.68
.17
6.70
7.27
7.99

38.6
38.7
38.8
38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.
37.
36.
37.
36.
36.
36.
36.
36.0
35.8
35.7
35.3
35.2

259.74
261.18
262.20
262.24

35.1
35.2
35.1
35.2

7.40
7.42
7.47
7.45

450.85
456.13
461.32
466.37

43.9
44.5
44.4
44.8

10.27
10.25
10.39
10.«11

3S6.31
419.62
414.78
417.75

35.8
37.6
37.1
37.1

1.07
1.16
1.18
1.26

322.3?
323.95
325.54
329.97

39.5
39.7
39.7
39.9

8.16
8.16
8.20
8.27

255.95
262.39
261.99
262.27
265.52
267.40
269.98
270.69
270.05

33.9
34.8
34.7
34.6
34.8
35.0
35.2
35.2
34.8

7.55
7.54
7.55
7.58
7«.€3
7 . €4
7.67
7.69
7.76

456.89
463.03
465.16
454.76
454.12
463.10
463.68
462.40
457.75

42.9
43.6
43.8
42.7
42.6
42.8
42.5
42.5
41.5

10.65
10.62
10.62
10.65
10.66
10.82
10.91
10.88
11.03

385.95
406.39
419.21
415.44
429.75
427.88
438.14
436.54
432.47

33.3
35.9
37.0
36.7
37.5
37.5
38.0
37.6
36.9

1.59
1.32
1.33
1.32
1.46
1.41
1.53
1.61
1.72

312.38
326.93
327.27
325.85
329.55
334.05
332.60
331.89
333.29

37.
39.
39.
38.
39.
39.
38.
39.0
38.8

8.42
P.34
8.37
8.42
8.45
8.50
8.55
8.51
8.59

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7
34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7
32.6
32.6

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61
2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36
5.85
6.41

$2.14

2.^2

Wholesale and
retail trade

41.1
41.3
41.2
.40.5
40.6
40.7
40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39-7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9
39.6
39.4

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63
3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16
8.87
9.70

$67.41
69.91
72.31
74.55
76.91
79.39
82.35
87.30
91.39
96.02
101.39
106. 4 5
111.76
119.02
125.45
133.79
142.52
153.64
164.96
176.46
190.95

39.2
39.1
39.2
39.3

9.S5
9.<4
10.05
10.C€

194.49
192.32
192.68
194.45

32.2
32.0
31.9
32.3

38.5
39.2
39.0
38.8
38.8
39.2
39.2
39.3
39.2

10. 10
10. 13
10.C7
10. 14
10. 17
10.2C
10.29
10.41
10.46

191.89
194.66
194.66
195.91
197.78
199.02
202.45
202.77
200.93

31.1
31.6
31.6
31.7
31.9
32.1
32.6
32.6
32.2

For coyeraae of series, see footnote 1,. table B-2.




Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

$82.60
85.91
88.46
91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61
119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91
235.10
255.20

1961
1962
1963
$118.78
1964
125.14
1965
128.13
1966
130.82
1967
138.85
1968.-'
147.74
1969
155.93
1970
168.82
1971
187.86
1972
203.31
1973
217.48
1974
233.44
1975
256.71
1976
278.90
1977
302.80
1978
325.58
1979
351.25
1980
382.18
1981
1981:
390.04
September.
388.65
October...
November.. 3 9 3 . 9 6
Dec e n i t e r . . 3 9 5 . 3 6
1982:
388.85
January...
F e b r u a r y . . 397.10
392.73
March
393.43
April
394.60
May
J u n e . . . . . . 399.84
403.37
July
409.11
Auqustp...
410.03
Septenterp

p = preliminary.

Weekly
hours

40.5
41.0
41.6
41.9
42.3
42.7
42.
42.
43.
42.
42.
42.
42.
41.
41.
42.
43.
43.
43.0
43.3
43.7

Transportation and
public utilities

1

Weekly
earnings

Mining

Total private

1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1.975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1981:
Septeober.
October...
N.ov ember..
December..
1982:
January...
February..
March
April
Nay
June
July
Augustp...
Septeir.be rp

Hourly
earnings

5.24

8.13
8.66

Finance, insurance, and
real estate

38.3
38.2
38.1
37.9
37.7
37.1
36.6
36.1
35.7
35.3
35.1
34.9
34.6
34.2
33.9
33.7
33.3
32.9
32.6
32.2
32.2

$1.76

$77.12
60.94
84.38
85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70
112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77
209.60
229.05

36
37
37
37
37
37
37.1
37.0
37.1
36.7
35.6
36.6
35.
35.
36.
36,
35.
35.
36
36
36

$2.09
2.17

5.79
6.31

$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57
95.65
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.03
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27
190.7 1
2 08.9 7

6.04
6.01
6.C4
6.02

230.04
232.77
236.02
234.21

36.0
36.2
36.2
36.2

6.39
6.43
6.52
6.47

211.25
213.85
216.78
217.12

32.4
32.5
32.5
32.6

6.52
6.58
6.67
6.66

6.21
6.22
6.24

237.47
239.64
239.22
240.37
245.75
242.23
245.44
249.02
247.71

36
36
36
36
36
36
36.2
36.3
35.9

219.32
220.68
220.03
221.33
222.63
224.35
227.40
228.06
228.25

32.
32.
32.
32.
32.
32.
33.
33.
32.

.79
.79
.77
,*1
,85
.84
6.87
6.89
6.98

1.97

NOTE: Data from April 1981 forward are subject to revision when more recent
benchmark data are introduced. See "Benchmark adjustment" in the Explanatory Notes
of this publication.

99

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls
by industry
Average weekly earnings

July
1982

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

$259.88

$259.74

447.30

450.85

463.68

462.40

METAL MINING
Iron ores
Copper ores

477.15
518.75
485.60

488.84
546.94
490.86

462.29
464.52
468.10

COALMINING
BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE MINING

507.78
509.46

519.94
521.62

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and
natural gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

432.81
445.54
429.52

NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS

TOTAL PRIVATE
MINING

Aug.
1982P

Average hourly earnings

Sept.
1982P

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1°82

Aug1 9 62?

$7.30

$7.40

$-7.67

$7.69

10.12

.10.27

10.91

10.88

451.90
444.96
465.16

11.84
12.47
11.99

1 2 . 10
12.93
12.12

12.23
12.52
12.86

12.2 8
12.36
12.68

503.24
503.49

5C7.87
509.44

12.09
12.13

12.35
12.39

4'32.21

461.01

457.88

9.45

464.70
421.79

493.61
447.56

489.95
445.59

10.71
9 . 10

10.O6
9 . V

12.01
9.88

366.68
353.90

364.22
351.60

392.47
389.26

393.78
367.57

8.41
8.08

8.49
8.12

8.94
8.67

436.54

$269.98' $270.69 $270.05
457.75

12.^9
12.93

9.52
11.^5
9.88
8.T7

8.69 I

Crushed and broken stone

CONSTRUCTION
GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

.

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing, heating, air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

408.41

396.31

438.14

10.92

11.07

11.53

11.61

359.63
322.73
305.28
398.83

353.50
319.33
305.59
387.66

389.04 386.40
357.33 352.47
312. 15 3C7.09
425.97 424.82

9.88
9.04
8.41
10.75

10.10
9.31
8.56
10.92

10.43
0.58
8.15
11.42

10.50 I
9.71
8.06 |
11.42

432.37
419.76
437.81

412.63
389.63
421.30

479.45
440.41
4 95.97

476.93
445.60
490.80

10.52
9.90
10.81

10.69
9.97
11.00

11.47
10.29
11.98

11.52 I
10.46
12.00

421.81
436.73
373.11
496.31
380.65
355.01
360.85

410.55
421.37
374.45
474.35
373.04
365.74
343.99

443.34
465.86
379.83
522.06
412.87
378.94
367.43

442.26
459.79
381.41
523.01
413.47
384.85
361.66

11.62
11.74
10.51
13.13
11.13
10.35
10.31

11.73
11.77
10.76
13.25
11.27
10.54
10.33

12.08
12.39
10.76
13.56
11.83
11.08
10.65

12. 15
12.35
10.96
13.62
1 1 . **>
11.22
10. ■'O

432.47

320.40

322.32

332.60

331.89

333.29

8.03

8 . 16

8.55

8.51

DURABLE GOODS

345.32

346.26

357.11

356.72

355.41

8.59

8.70

9.11

9.10 j

NONDURABLE GOODS

284.86

287.78

299.15

299.54

303.02

7.23

7.36

7.77

7.74

278.07
366.03
294.92
312.00
201.96
267.19
268.48
235.99
224.54
328.80
205.25
239.65
242.08
237.79

271.36
352.08
282.94
297.99
196.86
260.77
271.9 3
229.60
216.22
3 06 . 2 1
204.37
236.09
233.35
240.15

294.90
407.40
302.23
319.28
203.07
289.42
306.36
252.30
218.42
348.29
2C9.66
249.95
248.35
245.70

296.42
406.85
308.90
325.91
205.29
289.42
297.57
250.50
217.91
365.22
212.18
247.01
243.46
245.07

7.16
9.4*>
7.33
7.72

7.64
10.50
7.85

231.21
210.35
196.48
218.15
226.14
232.61
260.65
273.65
279.63
267.60

226.58
207.02
191.58
217.49
222.53
229.32
251.94
264.01
272.70
268.52

233.31
2C8.00
190.10
212.32
243.59
244.94
254.18
260.28
299.15
273.00

244.10
221.46
199.97
232.84
252.80
249.72
262.09
281.60
303.03
282.89

MANUFACTURING

DURABLE GOODS
LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
..
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

See footnotes at end of table.

IOO



6.63
6.57
6.30
239.25

5.99
5.55
5.13
5.88
5.92
6.17
6.50
6.61
7 . 17
6.69

7.62 |
10.
7.84 I
8.23
5.36 J
7.44
7.63
6. 6 8 I
5. IP, |
9.T4
5.54 |
6.64
6.^8
6.30 '
6.39
5.39
5.3° |
6.31
6.32 I
6.52
6.^9 |
7.04
7 . 7<"

"MP

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average overtime houri

Averaga waakly hours

Aug.
1981

TOTAL PRIVATE

Sept.
1981

July
1982

35.6

35.1

35.2

Aug.
1S62P

35.2

34.8
41.5

44.2

43.9

42.5

42.5

METAL MINING
Iron ores
Copper ores

40.3
41.6
40.5

4C.4
42.3
40.5

37.6
38.7
36.4

36.8
36.0
37.0

COALMINING
BITUMINOUS COAL AND LIGNITE MINING .

42.0
42.0

42.1
42.1

OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural
gas liquids
Oil and gas field services

45-8

45.4

44.

43.S

41.6
47.2

42.4
46.3

41.1
45.3

41.0
45.1

43.6
43.8

42.9
43.3

43.9
44.9

43.9
44.6

38.0

37.6

MINING

NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS
Crushed and broken stone

CONSTRUCTION
GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS . .
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS
Plumbing, heating, air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

MANUFACTURING

37.4

Sept.
1982P

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

Jrly
1982

Aug.
19 62P

39.4
39.4

3 6.9

36.4
35.7
36.3
37.1

35.0
34.3
35.7
35.5

37.
37.
38.
37.

36.8
36.3
38.1
37.2

41.1
42.4
40.5

38.6
39.1
38.3

41.8
42.8
41.4

41.4
42.6
40.9

36.3
37.2
35.5
37.8
34.2
34.3
35.0

35.0
35.8
34.8
35.8
33.1
34.7
33.3

36.
37.
35.
38.
34.
34.
34.

36.4
37.2
34.8
38.4
34.6
34.3
33.8

39.9

39.5

38.9

39.0

38.8

3.0

2.9

DURABLE GOODS

40.2

39.8

39.2

39.2

38.8

2.9

NONDURABLE GOODS

39.4

39.1

38.5

38.7

38.7

3.0

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

39.0
39.4
39.8
40.0
39.6
38.5
38.3
37.4
40.9
38.1
38.8
36.7
37.3
39.5

37.9
37.1
38.6
36.6
38.6
37,
38
36
39
35
36
36
35
39

38.6
38.8
38.
38
38.
38,
40.
37,
37
38.
38,
37
37.8
39.0

38.
39.
39.
39.
38.
38.
39.
37.
37.
40.
38.
37.
37.
38.

38.4

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

38.6
37.9
38.3
37. 1
38.2
37.7
40.1
41.4
39.0
40.0

37.7
37.1
37.2
36.8
37.4
36.4
39.0
3S.7
38.3
39.2

36.8
35.8
35.6
34.3
39.1
37.8
37.6
39.7
38.8
39.0

38
37
37
36
4C
38
38.6
40.0
39.1
39.4

37.5

2.3

7.4

2.8

2.1

2.2

3.1

2.5

DURABLE GOODS

2.9
2.2
1.6
1.2
2.6
2.0
1.6

2.7

3.2
1.9
1.7
1.8
2,2

?.6
3.6
3.1
3.3
7.0
7.2
1.6
1.7
1.9
3.4
1.9
1. 3
1 .3
2.1

1.8
1.4
1.7
.9
1.8
1.7
2.6
2. 1
2.4
2.3

1.4
.9
1.0
.5
1. 5
1.4
1.8
2. 5
2.4
1.7

7.0
•».o
2.2
2.6
7.6
1 .7

See footnotes at end of table.




101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average wMkly earnings

Average hourly earnings

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Aug.
1981

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES

34
341
3411
342
3423, 5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL

Pressed and blown glass, nee

Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products

Abrasive products

Steel foundries, nee

Aluminum foundries

Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades. .

Heating equipment, except electric

Screw machine products, bolts, etc

Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

See footnotes at end of table.

102



Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
1982P

Sept.
1982P

$344.81 $346.32 $362.56 $362.15 $367.02
496.83
495.23
464.18
448.33
380.55
36 5 . 3 1 3 6 5 . 2 7
361.97
405.14
408.18
381.52
384.81
3H2.42
348.98
342.38
329-67
317.99
317.98
300.13
289.09
522.07
5C8.68
523-38
502.25
282.49
281.24
278.88
276.74
265.25
284.23
2 6 3 f 16
261.50
370.09
372.73
347.73
352.80
340.26
322.18 - 315.46 334.71
3
29.09
3
3
0
.
5
4
314.49
309.34
4C3.38
410.01
383.88
374.80
344.05
341.82
338.22
337.28
319.29
321.78
320.00
322.79
365.49
356.71
351.37
326.24
442.90
516.80
535.16
425.18
354.88
355.41
376.94
352.29
502-15
536.26
406.16
367.65
522.50
368.87
317.60
322.78

457.78
545.73
57C.75
417.56
347.54
349.68
368.76
340.17
553.72
603.37
411.58
352.73
540.58
382.55
316.37
321.79

437.75
505.21
523.91
410.94
365.91
379.64
374.26
330.37
520.27
553.23
409.60
366.54
547.29
369.57
333.84
346.33

441.98
514.74
535.63
353-59
360.98
372.00
376.46
336.74
530.47
566-77
413.26
377.15
548.23
373.12
336.48
347.38

439.64

332.88
491.51
512.76
308.85
297.60
319.97
284.40
274.71
284.79
326.43
352.34
249.99
362.50
326.33
302.71
316.71
287.68
343.17
382.32
406.82
467.71
292.93
261.35
256.36
272-14
328-35
290.97
308.50
330.74
264.88

330.70
479.62
500.39
297.98
293.57
304.99
281.51
267.58
282.94
327.22
350.58
257.28
362.88
325.48
299.34
312.83
287.17
337.24
375.09
390.87
456.40
289.73
261.10
256.62
271.0 6
334.27
294.90
308.90
332.69
264.52

344.27
504.38
528.04
322.24
290.86
345.47
302.93
269.55
3C6.36
335.01
3 60.30
256.9C
372.27
345.15
322.62
313.39
285.76
339.21
393.43
405.45
475.83
3C0.8C
273.08
269.58
261.97
359.06
326.88
315.65
333.77
278.46

345.54
514-28
540.20
320.88
290.16
342.00
306.91
267.65
312.78
340.65
364.61
263.74
383.18
343.55
330.62
314.16
288.79
337-46
352.82
425.25
464.84
312.44
272.76
267.42
264.70
338.68
280.00
317.82
336.93
281.25

343.54

359.79
441.54
U12.48
451.88
389.37
403.81
397.99

361.98
452.48
4 1 6 . 12
466.22
391.45
408.75
402.62

363.63
446.88
U22.28
459.81
408.99
427.56
380.36

363.87
446.57
445.91
446.18
391.13
4C7.96
354.11

364.88

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
1 9 62P

S= pt.
1982^

$8.41
10.70
8.85
9.34
8 . 14
7.47
11.93
6.85
6.81
8.38
7.51
7.47
9.25
8.31
7.98
8.57

$8.53
11.26
9.02
9.61
8.25
7.56
12.20
6.92
6.80
8.44
7.44
7.49
9.37
8.39
8w09
8.43

$8.93
11.68
9.56
9.98
8.88
8.05
12.56
7.12
7.46
8.77
7.73
7.87
9.67
8.72
8.65
8.94

$8.92
11.69
9.49
9.Q3
8.78
8.03
12.58
7.08
7 . 19
8.77
7.84
7.78
9. 7 2
8.71
8.56
8.98

* 9 . 0ft

10.99
12.92
13.48
10.27
9.03
9.16
9.69
8.72
12.10
12.86
9.74
8.61
12,56
8.91
7.96
8.11

11.22
13.15
13.72
10.31
9.17
9.30
9.86
8.79
12.70
13.62
9.87
8.52
12.81
9.13
8.05
8.23

11.37
13.26
13.86
10.51
9.81
10.07
10.17
9.28
12.91
13.66
10.24
8.94
13.48
9.38
8.56
8.79

11.51
13.69
14.36
10.44
9.73
9.92
10.23
9.38
12.97
13.69
10.28
9.11
13.47
9. 47
8.54
8.75

11.60

8.26
11.07
11.42
7.76
7.44
8.08
7.33
6.99
7.34
8.08
8.49
6.41
8.82
8.22
7.53
7.82
7.21
8.37
9.44
10.12
11.27
7.36
6.55
6.49
6.67
8.25
7.48
7.81
8.31
6.74

8.33
1 1 . 18
11 .'6 1
7.76
7.47
8.09
7.35
6.95
7.33
8.16
8.53
6.58
8.96
8.24
7.54
7.86
7.27
8. 41
9.52
10.10
11.41
7.41
6.61
6.58
6.66
8.42
7.64
7.88
8.38
6.80

8.85
11.84
12.28
8.48
7.84
8.95
7.93
7.56
8.02
8.59
9.03
6.69
9.57
8.85
8.23
8.14
7.52
8.72
10.14
10.87
11.72
P.00
7.02
6.93
7.23
9.09
8.36
P.29
8.83
7.14

8.86
11.96
12.39
8.40
7.80
8.86
7.91
7.53
8.02
8.59
9.0^
6. 7 8
9.75

8.°0

8.37
8. 16
7.56
8.72
9.97
10.96
11.65
7.03
7.03
6.91
7.30
9.08
8.00
8.32
8.39
7.23

8.84
1 1 . 15
10.39
11.44
9.71
10.02
9.66

8.96
11.20
10.30
11.54
9.91
10.27
9.82

9.30
11.40
10.80
11.70
10.46
10.88
1 0 . 17

9.33
11.48
1 1 . 12
11.68
10.32
10.^5
10. 29

_
_
-

:
~
~
-

9.38

_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average weekly hours

Average overtime hours

Industry

hug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
19£2P

Sept.
19 82P

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

41,
41,
4 0.
41.
40
38,
42.1
40.4
38.4
42. 1
42.9
4 2. 1
41.5
40.7
40. 1
41.0

40.6
43.0
40. 5
39.7
41.5
39.7
42.9
4C.3
38.7
41.2
42.4
41.3
40.0
40.2
39.9
36.7

40.
42.
40.
40.
39.
39.
40.
39,
38,
42.
43,
42.
42.
39.
37.
39.

40.6
42.5
40.1
40.8
39.C
39.6
41.5
39.9
3e.6
42.2
43.4
42.3
41.5
39.5
37.3
40.7

40.6

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES
Blast furnace and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

40.3
40.0
39.7
41.4
39.3
38.8
38.9
40..4
41..5
41..7
41,.7
42..7
41 .6
41 .4
39..9

39.8

4C.8
41.5
41.6
4C.5
37
37
37
38
43
4«l
41.7
41.4
42.2
41.9
39.3
39.1

38.5
38. 1
37.8
39
37
37
36
35
40
40
40
41
40,
39
39.0
39.4

38.4
37.6
37.3
37.7
37.1
37.5
36.8
35. 9
40. 9
41. 4
40. 2
41. 4
40. 7
39. 4
39. 4
39.7

FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, exc. for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

40.3
44.4
44.9
39.8
40.0
39.6
38.8
39.3
38. 8
40.4
41.5
39.0
41. 1
39. 7
40. 2
40. 5
39. 9
41. 0
40. 5
40. 2
41.5
39.8
39.9
39.5
40.8
39.8
38.9
39.5
39.8
39.3

39
42
43
38
39,
37
38
38,
36.6
4C.1
41. 1
39.1
40.5
3 9.5
3 9.7
39.8
39.5
40. 1
35.4
38.7
40.0
39.1
39.5
39.0
40. 7
39.7
38.6
39.2
3S.7
38.9

38.9
42.6
43.0
38.0
37. 1
38
38
38
38
39
39.
38
38,
39.0
39.2
38.5
3
38
38
37
40
37
38
38
39.0
39.5
39.1
38. 1
37.8
39.0

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery

40.7
39.6
39.7
39.5
40.1
40.3
41.2

4C.
40.
40.
4C.
39.
39.
41.

39.
39.
39. 1
39.3
39. 1
39.3
37.4

?\ug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

4. 1
a.O
4.3
4.8
3. 6
3.0
3.3
3.3
1.7
5.3
4.7
4.7
5.6
3.6
2.8
3. 1

4,
4.
5,
5.
4,
3.
3.
3
2.
4
4,
4
4,
3,
2.
2.

4. 1
4.8
3.1
2.7
2.4
2.5
1.4
5. 5
5.2
4.8
6. 1
2.4
1.2
2.6

37.9

3.1
2.9
2.8
3.6
2.9
2.9
2.5
3. 1
3.2
3.7
4.5
4.7
5.
4,
2.
2.

3.
3.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
4.
5.
4.
4.
5.
4.
2.
2.

2.0
1.5
1.4
2.4
2.0
2.6
1.3
.9
2.7
3.2
2.9
2.7
4.6
2. 5
2.0
2.0

39.0
43.0
43.6
38.2
37.2
38.6
38.8
38.2
39.0
39.2
40.2
38.9
39
38,
39
38
38,
38.
39
38,
39
39
38.8
38.7
39.0
37.3
35.0
38.2
37.9
38.9

38.6

2.
5.
5.
2.
2.
2.
1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
2.
3.
2.
2.
3.
2.7
3.3
3. 1
3. 1

2,
4.
5.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.6
2.8
3.0
2.3
3. 4
2, 4
1 7
2. 5
2. 3
2, 8
2. 8
2. 5
3, 2
2. 3
2. 6
2. 7
2. 2
2. 7
1.9
2.6
2.8
2.4

1.9
4.4
4. 5
1.4
.9
1.6
.9
. 9
.8
1
.9
2.7
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.1
1.5
1. 3
1.7
2.4
1.7
3.2
1.7
2. 3
2. 1
2.7
1.9
1. 4
1.3
1.2
1. 4

39.0
38.9
40.1
38.2
37.9
37.6
3 8.3

38.9

3. 1
2.7
3.4
2.5
3.0
3.4
3.4

2.0
1.4
2.7
.8
1.7
1.8
1. 5

3.3
3. 1
3.6
2.9
3.2
3.6
3.6

3.8
3. 7

Aug.
1 9 62?

3.°
4.0 |
4. 1
4.P

->

2.9
2 .&
2.5
1.6
5.6

<">.*•
5.0
6.0
2.7
1.2
2. 1
1.*
1.5
2.0
1.9
2.3
1.3
1. 2
2.7
3.1
3. 1
3.6
4.4
2.6
2.0
2.0

1.4
2. 3

2 .°
2.3
2.3
1.7
1.6
1. 4

1.7
2.0
1. 9
2.3
1 .8
2. 3
1.3
1. 2
1 .6
1 .5
1.6
1.9
1.4
3.0
.6

1.7
1 .9
1.6

See footnotes at end of table.




103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Aug.
1981

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL—Continued
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT

Current-carrying wiring devices

Radio and TV communication equipment

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT

Shipbuilding and.repairing

See footnotes at end of *able.

104



Sept.
1981

July
1S82

Aug.
1982P

Sept.
19 82P

$434.00 $436.00 $395.50 $425.13
366.80
362.95
385.53
375.77
402.38
399.80
421.12
409.87
357.50
343.26
334.85
350.86
320.84
3C3.45
314.42
318.59
37 2 . 6 6
375.71
367.52
367.98
372.33
382.96
382.44
379.22
375.61
374.98
369.10
357.17
404.61
4C7.62
393.30| 393.30
324.76
329.00
329.87
336.20
303.71
297.92
291.00
289.35
350.34
338.20| 351.12
336.60
366.30
370.00
345.20
352.51
270.99
273.46
265.86
266.53
362.94
366.42
363.72
357.44
357.98
355.36
354.40
353.36
360.81
357.20
353.58
350.73
357.50
346.63
357.57
358.80
4C5.81
3S1.95
412.59
395.93
342.14
345.37
318.30
319.19
356.97
367.16
388.87
403.09
326.20
329.49
332.93
333.33
326.40
325.16
312.4?
310.75
325.54
322.22
314.71
313.74
338.61
345.14
317.54
318.77
349.95
357.78
327.49
329.57
349.07
351.90
343.94
345.51
404.42
4C8.18
406.30
401.60
34C.17
343.78
333.56
337.00
309.20
303.34
305,86
301.06
317.20
312.83
310.08
306.50
387.82
351.92
235.61
281.24
334.97
267.85
283.97
214.68
282.27
285.98
364.99
397.16
345.66
265.99
330.96
310.31
249.38
350.83
361.92
I 388.27

307.68
298.31
298.89
297.94
316.01
307.31
313.62
299.54
354.88
338.93
233.92
281.46
328.86
269.50
292.87
217.35
283.86
284.20
367.74
402.82
346,40
265.72
337.68
308.74
248.52
347.13
346.33
379.08

319.84
305.22
301.86
308.45
320.26
332.69
2S7.97
3C6.66
374.14
359.1C
228.51
300.31
335.01
266.21
302.64
221.68
3C8.89
314.76
380.65
361.00
379.15
283.29
366.38
321.14
265.20
336.65
354.C5
336.92

322.18 «321.98
316.47
319.95
|
313.21
317.60
326.43
3C5.04
306.87
383.11
366.82
244.86
307.32
362.15
!
28C.58
297.83
234.52
301.45
306.14
387.87
4C4.88
378.90
280.80
356.33
320.26
263.98
344.34
376.40
343.88

421.02
444.99
501.43
I 351.01
! 426.01
283.86
423.63
434.22
427.43
395.96
366.33
383.66
301.90
431.04

418.55
437.27
465.55
350.55
417.35
285.39
427.99
446.49
424.66
395.65
363.60
381.3 5
296.25
427.69

456.75
489.82
550.15
366.92
4 6 5 . 15
297.56
453.29
474.30
446.88
421.89
366.89
404.54
310.65
422.98

447.60
463.70
5C6.28
343.88
452.18
308.41
463.08
466.74
455.31
425.80
393.22
414.00
3C4.97
428.65

-

440.61

Vjg.
19 62?

A ug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1°82

* 10.85
9.66
9.19
8.86
8.34
8.91
9.16
9.35
9.32
8.22
7.27
8.25
8.64
6.63
8.45
8.79
8.97
8.73
9.36
8.C4
9.76
8.21
7.47
7.47
8.07
8.26
8.51
9.99
8.28

$11.01
9.81
9.40
8.72
8.34
9.03
9.26
9.44
9.50
8.33
7.33
8.33
8.63
6.6«
8. 66
8.86
9.02
8.70
9.64
8.12
9.82
8 . 18
7.62
7.62
8.08
8.27
8.62
10.26
8.36

«11.49
$11.30
10.37
10.35
10. 11
10.02
8.69
9. 1 2
8.67
8.^9
9.58
9.56
9.8*
9.87
10.cr
10.08
10.09
10.04
8. 7 3
• 8.75
7.^5
7.60
8.96
8.98
9. 25
9.32
7.15
7.14
9.33
9.30 {
9. 25
9.23
9.r2
9.50
8.96
8.98
10. 12
10.05
8.64
8.57
9.87
8.84
8.81 |
8.00
7.95 !
7.94
7.84
8.66
8.6* J
8.95
8.90
9.02
9.00
10.45
10.52
8. 79
8.77

7.73
7.66
7.46
7.84
7.93
7 . 86
7.87
7.74
9.19
9.3 1
5.98
7.12
8.15
6.73
7.30
5.6 2
7.11
7.24
8.99
9.57
P.62
6.70
8.40
7.70
6.25
8.62
8.70
9.78

7.75
7 . 61
7.38
7.82
7.92
7.78
7.96
7.7?
9.03
9.21
6.06
7.18
8 . 12
6.84
7.34
5.75
7 . 15
7.25
9.08
9.73
8.66
6.71
8.40
7.68
6.26
8.70
8.79
9.77

10.37
10.88
12.23
8.-M
10.3 4
7.47
10.46
10.91
10.58
9.45
9.09
9.52
7.51
10.94

10.49
11.07
12.45
8.83
10.46
7.53
10.49
10.89
10.59
9.58
9.09
9.51
7.50
11.08

Sep*.
1r8">->

-

8.18
7.99
7.80
8.16
8.34
8.38
8.01
8.07
9.17
9.50
6.33
7.76
8.59
7.32
7.80
6.09
7.90
8.05
9.54
9.67
9.47
7.19
8.98
8.13
6.68
8.61
9.2?
8.82

8.24
8.22
8.10
8.33
8.38
8.37
8. 70
7.95
9.39
9.71
6.36
7.HO
8.79
7. ?5
7. 90
6.06
7.69
7.8"'
9 . ^
10.35
9 . 52
7.20
9.09
8. 17
6.79
8.5 3
9.34
8. 8 4

* 8 . 3^

11.25
1 1.86
13.13
9.1*
11.29
8.13
11.22
11.74
11.20
10.29
9.77
10.19
7.9*
11.34

1 1 . 19
11.68
13.15
P. 75
1 1 . 11
7. °9
11.35
11.93
11.27
10.36
9. 8 8
10.35
7.7f }
11.34

1 1 . 24

_
:
~
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours

Aug.
1981

MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL—Continued
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyers and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee

38.9
44.6
39.6
38.2
41.3
41.4
38.2
42.2
40.9
39.8
40.8
40.8
40.2
42.3
40.2
39.1
41.1
42.3
39.7
41.3
40.6
41.6
42.0
39.5
39.9
40.6
40.2
40.7

ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures . . . %
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment

See footnotes at end of table.




Sept.
1981

July
1S82

Aug.
1962P

3S.2
39.6
40.7
41.0
41.3
39.3
39.6
39.9
39.6
3S.9

35.0
37.C
39.9
39.5
35.0
39.3
38.8
37.2
40.6
37.6
39.2
39.1
39.7
38.3
39.4
38.5
37.6
38.6
39.0
40.3
37.2
37.4
40.9
41.1
39.9
40.2
39.1
38.8
39.2

37.0
37.3
39.8
39.2
36.5
38.9
37.8
37.3
40.1
37.2
39.7
39.1
39.6
37.9
38.9
38
37,
39,
4C
39,
36,
36,
40,
<I1
39
39,
38,
38,
38

40.0
39.6
41.0
38.4
40.0
39.8
39.4
39.6
42.2
37.8
39.4
39.5
41.1
3 9.8
38.9
38.2
39.7
39.5
40.6
41.5
40. 1
39.7
39.4
40.3
39.9
40.7
41.6
39.7

39.7
39.2
40.5
38.1
39.9
39.5
39.4
38.P
39.3
36.8
38.6
39.2
40.5
39.4
39.9
37.8
39.7
39.2
4C.5
41.4
40.0
39.6
40.2
40.2
39.7
39.9
39.4
38.8

39.1
38.2
38.7
37.8
38.4
39.7
37.2
38.0
40.8
37.8
36
38
39
39
38
36
39
39.1
39.9
39.4
40.1
39.4
40.8
39.5
39.7
39. 1
38.4
38.2

39.1
38.5
39.5
37.6
37.9
39.0
37.2
38.6
4C.8
37
38
39
38,
37
38
39,
38
39,
39
3 9,
39
39,
39,
39
39.9
40.3
38.9

40.6
40.9
41.0
40.3
41.2
38.0
40.5
39. 8
40.4
41.9
40.3
40.3
40.2
39.4

39.9
39.5
39.0
39.7
39.9
37.9
40.8
41
40
41,
MC
40
39,
38

40.6
41.3
41.9
40.1
41.2
36.6
40.4
40.4
39.9
41.0
39.6
39.7
39. 1
37.3

40.0
39.7
38.5
39.3
40.7
38.6
40.8
4C.8
40.4
41. 1
39.8
40.0
39.3
37.8

40.0

39.6
39.3
44.8
38.4
- /7
4C 7
41. 3
39. 1
41 4
39, 6
39. 7
4C 6
40, 0
39.8
42.0
40.0
39.2
41. 1
H2.e

U'\

Sept.
198?P

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

2.2
1.8

2.3
2.8
2.0
1.9
3.7
3^.0
2.6

July

Aug
1962

1982

0.9
.9
2.3
1.9
.8
2.4
2.0
1.1
3.4
1.3
1.5
2.1
2.3
.8
2.4
1.7
1. 1
2.1
2.5
?. 2
.9
1.3
2.0
2.2
2.0
2.0
2.3
1.9
2.3

0.9
1. 1
2.3
2.3
.P
2.5 |
1.6
1.3
3.6
1. ?
2.4
2.0
2.5 |
1.0
2.0
1.5
1. 1
1.9
2.3
1.7
.8
1 .0
2. 1

1.7
1.4
1.6
1.3
1.7
2.2
1.1
1. 3
1.P
.5
1.2
1.5
1.0
2. 1

1.8
1."»
2. 1
1 .4
1. 4
1.6
1.2
1.8
2.4
.6
1.9
1.7
1.6
1.6
1.3
1. 5
1 .3
1 .3
1.^
1 .8
2.0
1.9
1.C
2.2
?. n
2.0

. Q

.7
1.5
1.6
1.9
1.4
2.1
2. 1
1.7
2.4
2. 1
1. 4
1."*
1.2

°. 2

r.6
1.7

1 .5
2. 1

:.P

1.7
2.8
2.8
2.P
1 .3
3. 0
# 7
3.0
?.6
3.3
3.6
2.9
3.2
1.5
1.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued

Average weekly earnings

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT—Continued
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment . . . .
Travel trailers and campers

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

$408.22
416.07
311.52
268.52

$402.38
412.09
310.87)
253.5C

July
1582

Aug.
1982P

Average hourly earnings

Sept.
1982P

$ 4 3 6 . 9 1 $452.51
4 4 3 . 3 7 465.22
358.83i 344.08
2 9 1 . 4 6 264.53

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

$10.03
10.35
7.73

$10.11
10.38
7.89
6.87

S10.Q5

6.85

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS .
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

305.02
318.33
312.36
277.03
312.60339.39
329.11
256.10
256.64
256.47
224.47
398.62
225.76

306.64
322.79
308.10
281.85
318.75
325.97
326.73
259.65
258.89
261.61
227.26
410.44
228.28

328.25
340.90
333.37I
289.50
334.111
366.83
342.05
271.211
269.50
273.53
231.77
435.75
237.00

337.16 $ 3 3 4 . 5 7
338.75
353 .03
303.01
323.87
411.64
361.00
277.60
264.52
272.92
243.36
433.30
242.75

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

231.
248.
247.
232.
216.
206.
227.
248.
195.
180.
249.
267.

234.14
252.59
255.74
232.54
220.-4
204.91
238.40
241.70
201.88
188.82
249.06
27 3.66

244.48
253.82
248.04
246.54
231.04
219.79
241.78
260.02
2 03.8 7
188.03
260.99
2 61.18

246.27
259.50
254.77
251.42
233.64
221.09
246.31
261.35
2C4.50
19C.88
261.50
281.25

248.83

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
'Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products

298.45
295.71
369.00
354.56
187.39
311.82
284.80
327.76
271.32
304.30
285.42
244.38
357.84
381.49
284.14
300.99
305.90
288.37
288.68
368.94
240.38
331.80
368.51
519.78
278.39
246.51

300.89
300.13
379.13
353.42
187.56
329.22
296.21
349.92
260.13
315.75
263.C7
2 5 0 . 10
371.91
395.87
295.67
308.27
310.84
299.54
291.67
374.96
245.24
344.80
374.14
525.34
271.44
244.12

312.05
2S5.93
368.33
362.58
190.46
338.16
313.34
355.73
265.18
327.22
264.81
252.56
391.35
419.98
3C9.40
319.58
321.48
313.60
319.60
379.20
215.73
356.93
397.03
577.70
3C0.29
256.36

312.44
292.92
366.13
358.93
187.76
335.36
304.15
350.28
276.71
357.08
274.4C
254.23
385.84
421.74
298.91
318.57
321.38
311.00
326.38
401.85
277.69
352.38
398.52
561.56
305.04
262.71

314.81

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

354.09
447.69

3 5 2 . 15
458.90

383.46
431.30

361.73
454.96

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills

225.44
241.57
249.60
241.12
201.68
199.16

221.34
238.6 0
242.00
232.64
202.64
"193.20

216. 13
215.28
227.67
233.38
212.46
199.23

222.91
226.48
237.55
242.48
212.35
2C2.29

11.14

e.86
-7.61
8.31
8.48

8.57
7.72
8.27
9.43
8.53
6.99
7.00
6.96
6.02

8.29
6.50
6.40
6.61
5.64
9.77
5.73

10.50
6.14

Aug.
19 62^

$11.01
11.?1
8.PO

7.69
8.45

8.49|
8.8">
7.3S
8. 27 I
10. 04
8.oq
7.01
7. 06
6.98
6.13
10.62
6. 13
6.38
6.92
6. 98
6.49
c
. 9?
5.5 4
6.22
6.65
5. 41
5.01
6.81
7. ?3

NONDURABLE GOODS

See footnotes at end of table.

106



8.82
4.88

8.40
8.44
6.67
7.90
8.05
7.49
7.29
8.58

12.23
f .84
6.47
8.70
10.84
223.85

7.56
7.56
9.18
8.88
4.91
7 82
7, 48
8 . 10
6.67
7.50
6.66
6.53
8.53
8.55
6.86
8.07
8.18
7.74
7.31
8.72
6.42
8.00
9.17
12.39

7.88
"^.53
8.<>4
9.11
5.12
8.09
7.68
8.37
6.87
8.02
6.79
f .56
9.08
9.13
7.08
8.41
8.55
8.00
8.01
9.34
7.07
8.? 2
9.66
13.25
7.36
6.91

7.03|
8.3n
9.7? I
13.09
7. 44 I
6.9r>

8.76
11.22

10.42
11.72

11.91 j

5.69
5.95
5.99
5.73
5. 13
5.25

7.87
7 . 53
8.03 |
9.11
5.13
8.12
7.-'0
8.40

6. 97
8.1 9
7. 00 I
6.41
O.10 |
9.31
7 . 10
8.45
8.57

8. 12
7.9 8

o . n ->

5. 96 |
6.
6.17 I
5. r>3
5. 33

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued

Average overtime hours

Average wMkly hours
Industry

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
1982P

Sept.
1982P

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT—Continued
Guided missiles, space vehicles, parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

40.7
40.2
40.3
39.2

39.8
39.7
39.4
36.9

39.9
39.8
40.5
38.3

41.1
41.5
39.1
37.0

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS .
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

40.4
40.5
41. 1
38.8
42.3
41.9
39.7
39.4
40.1
38.8
39.8
40.8
39.4

40.4
4C.5
40.7
39.2
42.5
40.9
39.7
39.4
40.2
38.7
39.8
4 1.5
39.7

39.5
40.2
38.9
37.5
40.4
38.9
40.1
38.8
38.5
39.3
38.5
41.5
38.6

39.9
39.9
39.8
38.6
39.4
41.0
40.2
39.6
40.3
39.1
39.7
4C.8
39.6

39.5

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING
INDUSTRIES
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles ,
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

38.9
38.4
37.6
38.9
39.3
39.0
39.5
40.6
38.1
37.2
38.7
38.7

38.7
38.8
36.4
38.5
39.0
36.3
39.8
39.3
38.6
36.3
38.2
38.9

38.
37.
36.
39.
38.
38.
38.
39.
36.8
36.3
38.1
38.1

38.6
37.5
36.5
38.8
39.4
39.2
39.6
39.3
37.8
38.1
38.4
38.9

38.4

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. foods and kindred products

39.9
39.8
41.0
40.2
38.4
41.3
40.0
41.7
39.9
41.8
40.2
39.1
42.6
45.2
42.6
38.1
38.0
38.5
39.6
43.0
37.5
42.0
40.9
42.5
40.7
38.1

39.8
39.7
41.3
39.8
38.2
42.1
39.6
43.2
39.0
42.1
39.5
38.3
43.6
46.3
43.1
38.2
36.0
38.7
39.9
43.0
38.2

39
38
41
39
36
41
39
41
39
43
39
39.6
42.4
45.3
42.1
37.7
37.5
38.3
40.9
42*3
39.5
42.1
41.0
42.9
41.0
37.8

39.9

37.1

39.6
39.3
41.2
39.8
37.2
41.8
40.8
42.5
38.6
40.8
39.0
38.5
43. 1
46.C
43
38,
37
39
39
40,
39
42
41
43
40.8
37.1

TOBACCO MANUFACTURES
Cigarettes

40.7
41.3

40.2
40.9

36.8
36.8

38.4
38.2

3 9.5

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills

39.9
40.6
41.6
41.5
39.7
38.3

38.9
4C.1
40.4
40.6
39.5
36.8

37,
36.
36.
37.
38.
37.

38.3
38.0
38.5
39.3
38.4
37.6

38.2

Aug.
1981

3.4
3.1
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.7
2. 1
1.7
2.5
2.0
2.4
2.3
2.4
2.4
1.3
2.3
2.0

Sept.
1981

2.6
2.4
2.1
1.2

July
1982

2.7
2.5
3.5
1.9

Aug.
19 62P

3.4
3.6
2.7
1.4
1.6

2.7
1.6
2.6
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
1.3

1.8
2.1

1.8
1.7

1. 1
1 .0
1 .0
1.0
1.7
2.0
2.6
1.6
1.6
1.8
1.S

1.3
.5
.6
. 3
1.4
.9
1.8
1.6
1.6
2. 4
1.5
1.6

NONDURABLE GOODS

4 3. 1
40.8
42.4
39.8

4.2
3.8
5.1
3.6
2.4
4.6
3.5
5.5
4.5
5.1
5.1

3.5
3.3

6
5. 8
2.9
3.2
2. 1
2.6
4.0
2.0
5. 2
4.1
6.1
3.8
3.3

3.9
3. 3
4.4
3.3
2.3
4.0
3.0
4.2
5. 1
6.0
5.5
5. 1
5.0
6.0
5.0
2.8
3.0
2.2
3.2
4.5
2.3
4.8
3.«*
5.1
4. 1
3.6

2.5
3.2

1.4
1.6

2.0
1.7

2.7
3.2
3.1
3.3
2. 1
1.9

1.9
1.8
1.8
2.7
1.4
1.7

2.2

5.8

2.5
2.8

3,
3.
4,
3,
2.
4,
3,
4.
4,
3,
4.
4,
5

">. 0

1.9
2.?
1.7
2. 1

See footnotes at end of table.




107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued

Avaragt weekly earnings

Avaragt hourly earnings

Industry

Aug.
1981

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS—Continued
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool

Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

July
1582

$188.48 $ 1 8 3 . 8 2 $ 1 9 6 .
192.
185.17 1 7 9 . 3 4
187.61
194.
194.44
178.21
177.
182.77
223.
230.29 2 3 0 . 6 3
238.37
232.
241.79
244.99
237.
243.61
228.
253.59 2 4 1 . 6 4
228.
230.62 2 2 2 . 3 4
202.
210.40 2 0 8 . 2 1
201.
212.12 2 0 7 . 1 3
192.
196.86 2 0 6 . * / 2
257.
255.85 2 5 4 . 1 6

Aug.
1962P

Sept.
1982P

5.10
6.18

180.05
206.96
168.52
164.72
168.18
169.67
171.00
161.24
169.44
190.71
167.20
167.61
165.84
174.24
165.53
163.35
184.26
223.68
170.69
191.95
398.67

177.41
208.15
164.88
158.55
170.09
162.8"/
165.79
159.13
163.39
184.90
162.92
167.17
165.97
172.83
164.61
161.81
18C.68
223.06
166.73
190.C8
393.12

183.02
213.96
112.90
167.34
173.99
1"71.92
172.03
161.11
173.96
153.30
166.07
161.58
159.36
171.36
170.28
169.22
164.25
227.05
158.00
191.88
425.06

162.85 $181.48
204.04
171.84
165.29
173.02
173.96
171.86
163.68
169.13
189.81
17C.13
165.43
164.32
172.89
165.32
163.40
188.28
234.78
169.56
199.68
439.77

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

367.
451.
452.
446.
314.
365.
288.
296.
316.
321.
338.
298.

386-64
495.36
503.13
490.82
317.34
375.78
281.90
295.14
316.00
319.30
336.94
295.53

391.46
487.08
492.35
463.56
333.28
392.92
256.74
314.24
332.90
336.56
352.06
324.53

393.65
484.40
468.85
475.73
336.15
394.37
305.47
320.17
334.96
342.77
357.70
315.50

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commerical printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commerical printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

309.38
282.74
290.63
294.52
284.93
305.75
274.54
333.68
308.77
345.15
330.89
240.14
392.43

313.04
291.86
284.53
295.22
283.02
308.46
273.78
336.30
312.46
347.88
331.17
245.12
393.34

322.51
254.92
322.54
299.89
288.77
313.24
292.88
345.85
325.18
352.90
343.69
258.10
4C4.74

326.11
294.48
341.86
311.81
301.34
322.82
303.69
351.12
332.54
355.97
344.47
258.10
4C9.73

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations

380.47
425.60
424.73
379.61
415.38
360.32
340.30
322.40

395.64
447.32
449.01
406.C8
439.75
387.63
35C.99
331.68

407.81
449.15
450.64
397.39
439.e5
372.33
366.43
347.69

406.41
447.33
450.87
395.78
439.11
372.56
36e.04
352.63




Aug.
1981

$4.96
4.86

97.25
92.10
97.17
80.43
32.65
39.47
38.32
47.00
33.36
10.48
09.66
C2.83
63.71

APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists . .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishing, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

See footnotes at end of table.

108

Sept.
1981

401.15

8.67
10.19
10. 11
10.22
7.64
8.59

8.00
7.04

421.26

Sept.
1981

$5.05
4.90
5.14
5.02
5.98
6.05
6.14
6.26
5.79
5.38
5.38
5.26
6.26

July
1982

$5.18
5.23
5.24
5.12
5.90
6.18
6.19
6.42
6.04
5.45
5.41
5.31
6.52

Aug.
19 62P

$5.26
5. 15
23
T5
2">
19
^0
03
5.51
5.46
5.33
6.56

5.04
5.75
4.58
4.53
4.66
45
07
75
22
62
82
58
51
91
65
61
95
87
47
95
10.08

10.60

8.95
10.63
10.57
10.74
74
78
03
36
67!
75
8.08
7.07

9.41
11.02
10.99
11.09
8.27
9.40
7.57
7.74
8.24
8.31
8.65
7.82

8.37
8.61

8."^
8.^7
9. 0^
8.12
7.13
8.32
8.12
9.12
8.66
9 . ?"T
8.81
6.81
10.67
10.0 1 I
11. 10
11.30
9.°2
10.71
9.4*
9.11
8.86

5.12
4.59
5.32
5.77
4.87
4.67

8.25
8-39
7.75
7.63
7.42
7.86
7.40
8.60
8.02
8.85
8 . 17
6.27
10.30

8.69
8.18
8.92
8.30
6.40
10.27

8.74
8.91
8.91
8.04
7.89
8.20
7.81
9.03
8.58
9.19
6.79
6.81
10.54

9.19
10.33
10.41
9.06
9.89
8.62
8.30
8.06

9.38
10.55
10.64
9.25
10.04
8.77
8.54
8.21

10.02
11.09
11,
9.
10.65
9.45
9.07
8.78

5 . 18
5.38
4.76
4.63
4.86 |
4.^4 I
5. 13
4.80
5.22
5.70
4.96
4.6^
4.^9
5.0-7
4.71
5 . ">3
6. 13
4.71
5.?0
10.70
44 |
11
06 |
2? i
8.30
9.48
8.23
8.34
64
7
9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued

Av«rag« wtekly hours

Average overtime hours

Industry

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
1982P

Sept.
1982P

TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS—Continued
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

38.0
38.1
38.2
36.7
38.9
40.5
40.2
41.1
39.9
39 4
39. 5
38. 6
41.4

36.4
36.6
36.5
35.5
38.6
39.4
39.9
38.6
38.4
38.7
38.5
39.3
4C.6

37.9
36.8
37.1
34.7
37.9
37.6
38.4
35.6
37.8
37.1
37.2
36.3
39.5

37.
37.
37.
34.
39.
38.
38.
38.0
38.7
38.2
38.4
37.7
40.2

APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nighwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists . .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
....
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
....
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

36.3
36.5
37.2
37.1
36.8
38.3
34.2
34.6
32.9
34.3
35.2
37.0
37.1
36.3
36.3
35.9
37.3
38.9
38.1
38.7
41.1

35.2
36.2
36.0
35.0
36.5
36.6
32.7
32.5
31.3
32.9
33*8
36.5
36.8
35.2
35.4
35.1
36.5
36.0
37.3
38.4
3?.C

35
35
36
36
35
36
33
35
32
33
34.1
34.6
34.8
33
36
35
35
37
34
36
40

35.3
34.7
36
35
35
36
33
34
32
33
34
35
35
34
35.1
34.4
36.0
38.3
36.0
38.4
41.1

34.9

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

42.4
44.3
44.8
43.7
41.1
42.5
40.8
40.7
41.6
41.4
42.3
42.4

43.2
46.6
47.6
45.7
41.0
42.8
40. 1
4C.1
41.2
41.2
41.7
41.8

41.6
44.2
44.8
41.8
40.3
41.8
39.
40.

41.7

4 0.
40.
40.
41.

41
43
44
42
40
41
40
41
40.7
41.1
41.4
40.5

37.5
33.7
37.5
38.6
38.4
38.9
37.1
38.8
38.5
39.0
40.5
38.3
38.1

37.4
33.9
37.0
37.8
36.9
38.8
36.7
36.7
38.2
39.0
39.9
38.3
38.3

36.
33.
36.
37.
36.
38.
37.
38.
37.
38.
39.
37.
38.

37.1
33.2
37.9
38.4
38.0
38.8
37.4
38.5
38.4
38.4
39.1
37.9
38.4

41.4
41.2
40.8
41.9
42.0
41.8
41.0
40.0

42.2
42.4
4!
43.
43,
44,
41.
4C.

40.7
40.5
40.2
40. 1
41.3
39.4
40.4
39.6

40.
40.
39.
40.
41.
39.
40.
39.8

PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commerical printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade service
CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations

,

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

Jul?
1982

2.3
2.2
2.4
1.4

1.9
1.9
1.8
.7

3
.8
1. 1
,0
, 1
.2
. 1
1
,0
.0
2
,5
.5
,5
,8
,3
,6
1
4
1
8

.9
.6
.9
.9
1.0
1. 1
1.0
1.0
1. 0
.9
.9
.7
.7
.5
1.0
1.1
.8
1.2
.6
1.0
2.5

Aug.
19 62P

2.0
1.7
2.2
.9
3.0
2.3
2.0
2.8
2.3
2.6
2.S
2.4

2.n

.9
.9
1.6
1.6
1.5
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.8
1.3

5
2
,4
8
9
,2
,8
0
8
3.8
4.3
3.5

4.0
5.9
6.0
6.0
2.4
2.2
1.8

2.7
1.9
2.8
2.3
1.2
3.4

1.8
3.6

1 .0
.8
.9
1.1

,n

1.0
1 .0
1.1

.9
.9
1,

1.3
1.2
1.1
1.**
.9
1.7
3.7
4.0
5.6
3.8
6.3
2.6
2.3
2.3
2.9
3.2
3.0
3.9
2.6
1.3
2.5
2.3
1.5
3.2
1.7
2.8
2.4
2.9
2. 1
1.4
3.8
2.7
2.9
2.9
2.4
3.3
1.5
2.6
2.6

See footnotes at end of table.




109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

Industry

A.ug.
1981

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Cont'd
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
1982P

Sept.
1582P

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Atg.
1 9 62?

$339.76 $342.50 $368.55 $377.39
461.49 469.11 499.73 512.46
251.55 254.49 265.32 292.40
347.30 344.76 357.82 360.33
324.81 326.40 355.20 349.67
457.69 481.14 504.00 491.88
421.82 447.2C 479.55 463.32

$8.41
10.91
6.50
8.45
8.10
10.82
10.14

*8.52
11.09
6.61
8.4^
8.16
11.01
10.40

$9.10
11.87

12.00
11.50

<9. 16
11.89 I
7.31
8.P1 I
8.83 I
11.<M
11.441

470.73
383.66
346.42

493. 6 8 511.94
395.54 410.18
357.25 375.19

501.70
403.44
368.15

11.05
9.07
8.47

11.22
9.22
8.65

12.16
9.86
9.31

12. or.
9.34
9. ° n I

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

486.76
520.99
387.10

512.82
551.82
388.67

546.48
589.18
425.70

549.32 $ 5 5 7 . 6 6
590.96
440.72

11.32

11.55
12.29

12.42

8.94

9.06

12.40 I
13.34
9.56

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

292.09
474.24
175.96

289.41
464.62
168.70

302.94
4"3.80
184.14

303.31
468.73
185.88

305.73

7.23
11.40
4.73

7.2Q
11.36
4.82

11.67
4.95

7.64
11.66
4.Q7 I

327.54
271.88
265.58

322.00
271.26
264.67

325.19
287.73
277.29

321.19
289.48
278.69

8.05
6.85
6.65

8.15
7.34
7.02

8.07 |
7.31
7.02 I

183.39
261.62
174.36
185.87
167.08
197.84
173.43

183.24
25S.20
173.73
187.98
164.38
199.29
171.72

151.33
275.41
181.20
185.33
160.64
196.06
183.00

194.21
282.43
184.53
193.67
180.79
215.80
179 .69

5.15
4.71
5.49
4.81

5.30
7.08
5.09
5.28
5.06
5.65
4.88

5.35
7. 15
5.14
5.35
5.^5
5.77 |

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

389.87

390.0 4 403.37

4C9.11

RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION:
Class I railroads 2

447.72

462.21

485.83

LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER
TRANSIT
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

268.05
295.32
429.75

225.77
292.59
400.00

270.47
309.23
442.23

276.40
309.60
446.25

7.11
7.31
11.25

TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

393.61
403.30
269.40

389.OS
397.58
267.40

393.34
4C1.0C
289.09

3S8.22
4C6.35
280.32

10.21

PIPE LINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS

482.72

502.14

543.52

COMMUNICATION
Telephone communication
Switchboard operating employees
Line construction employees4
Radio and television broadcasting

393.20
413.70
284.97
524.92
314.12

405.02
426.13
308 38
542 01
324.61

395.60
416.00
3C1.53
512.40
321.58

ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES . .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

410.18
418.74
369.77
462.89
323.14

417. 13
424.32
377 .58
470 .72
341 .40

443.81
456.87
393.98
500. 14
352.19

443.62
452.5C
353.78
511.29
357.28

Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation.andfinishing preparations .
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals,

nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

12.06

192.77

7.26
8.77
8.88

13.36
9.46
7.65

4.95

10.29

10.4 1

10.84

7.41
7.75
11.92

7.45
7.74
11.90

6.89

10.08
10.30
7.00

10.27
10.47
7.47

10.2°
10.50
7.30 |

534.66

11.20

11.57

12.64

12.73

409.76
435.41
313.58
545.27
321.86

9.P3
10.24
8.26
11.93
8.31

10.05
10.47
8.59
12.18
8.52

9.99
10.40

10.40
10.94
9. ?^ j
12.74
8.r>6 |

9.98
10.09
9.13
11.29

10. 10
10.20
9.30
11.37

10.72
10.93
9.68
12.11

7.92

8.09

8.59

10.3?
10.93
9.9? |
12.41
8.53

9.87

10.65

9.99

6.78
7.37

8.74
12.00
8.53

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

194.83

194.49

202.45

202.77

200.93

5.94

6.04

6.21

6.22

WHOLESALE TRADE

296.06

296.45

312.31

312.66

311.00

7.65

7.70

8.07

8.10

298.72
272.69
261.85
312.84
299.30

297.22
268.66
264.46
306.54
302.73

312.00
279.03
215.28
312.42
323.76

313.17
279.08
280.48
308.87
332.35

8.00
7.21
7.40
7.97
8.52

8.03
7. °3 I
7.4?
7.94
A. 61

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE.G00DS
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
See footnotes at end of table.

110



7.64
7.01
7.02
7.94
7.96

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisjory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours

Aug.
1981

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Cont'd
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals,
nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
1982P

Sept.
1982P

40.
42.
36.
40.
40.
43.
43.0

40.5
42. 1
39,
40.
40.
42.
41.

41.2
43.1
4C.C
4C.9
39.6
41.3
40.5

42.6
42.3
40.9

44.0
42.9
41.3

42.1
41.6
40.3

4 1.6
41.0
39.8

PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS
Petroleum refining .
Paving and roofing materials

43.0
43.2
43.3

44.4
44.9
42.9

44.0
44. 1
45.0

44.3
44.3
46.1

RUBBER AND MISC. PLASTICS PRODUCTS
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

40.4
41.6
37.2

39.7
4C.9
35.0

39.6
40.6
37.2

39.7
40.2
37.4

41.2
40.1
40.3

40.0
39.6
39.8

39.
39.
39.

39.8
39.6
39.7

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

36.9
39.7
36.4
37.1
35.7
37.9
36.9

36.0
38.4
35.6
36.5
34.9
36.3
35.7

36.
38.
35.
35.
35.
34.
37.

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

39.5

39.2

39.2

39.3

RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION:
Class I railroads 2

4 2.0

43.4

LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER
TRANSIT
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

37.7
40.4
38.2

33.3
39.7
36.9

36.5
39.9
37.1

37.1
40.0
37.5

TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

39.4
39.5
39.1

38.6
38.6
38.2

38.3
38.3
38.7

38.7
38.7
38.4

PIPE LINES, EXCEPT NATURAL GAS

43.1

43.4

43.0

42.0

COMMUNICATION
Telephone communication
Switchboard operating employees
Line construction employees 4
Radio and television broadcasting

40.0
40.4
34.5
44.0
37.8

40.
40.
35.
44.
38.

39.
40.
34.
42.
37.

39.4
39.8
33.9
42.8
37.6

ELECTRIC. GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES . .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

41. 1
41.5
40.5
41.0
40.8

A 1.3
41.6
4C.6
41. 4
4 2.2

41.4
41.8
40.7
41.3
41.0

41.0
41.4
40.1
41.2
41.4

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

32.8

32.2

32.6

32.6

32.2

WHOLESALE TRADE

38.7

38.5

38.6

38.3

39.1
38.9
37.3
39.4
37.6

38.
38.
37.
39.
37.

Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods

39.0
38,
37.
39.
38.

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
10 82P

3. 1
4.4
2.4
2.8
2.2
2. 7
2.4

40.4
42.3
38.7
41.1
40.1
42.3
41.6

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE GOODS

Aug.
1981

3.9
4.0
3.0

3.4
3.5
2. 4

2.8
3. 1

44.4

3.8
3.4
5.9

4.1
3.4
7.6

4.3
3.6
8.1

39.5

3.2
3.7
2.0

3.1
3.0
1.4

2.7
2.9
1.4

2.8
3.0
1 .3

2.8
2.7
3.3

2.9
2.4
2.7

2. 1
2.3
2.9

1.2
2.0
1.1
.8
1.4
2.0
1.5

1.3
2.5
1.2
.9
1.4
1.4
.9

35.5

39.2

39.0
38.6
37.8
38.9
38.6

See footnotes at end of table.




111

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average hourly earnings

Av«ng« weekly aarnings
Industry

Aug.
1981

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE
GOODS—Continued
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment. .
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
1982P

Sept.
1982P

Aua.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
1<? £2*

$8.84
8.16
7.08
7.84
6.28

$8.91
8 . 16
7.21
7.88
6.32

$9.11
8.59
7.50

311.22
329.63
335.63
275.26
315.65
371.91
382.14
355.75
255.08

7.67
8.50
8.25
6.79
7.66
9.0*
9.13
9.01
6.23

7.71
8.55
8.29
6.75

8.99
6.31

8.17
8.78
8.87
7.38
8.11
9.67
9.67
9.70
6.66

8.1<M
8.79
8.95
7.4P
8. 22
9.61
9.65 |
9.'
6.66 I

168.24 $ 1 6 6 . 6 5

5.25

.37

5.48

5. 48

224.32
2*11.88
184.28

223.01
240.38
181.82

5.76
6.01
5.06

5.81
6.07
5.08

6.03
6.25
5.25

6.06

5.41 I
5.52
4.20
4. 3 5 |

$350.06 $348.38 $353.47 $358.02
316.61 315.79 340.16 341.99
276.83 277.59 290.25 291.75
309.68 308.11 324.26 324.62
243.04 242.C6 250.42 249.29

P.23

6.66

$9.11
8.68
7.50
8.26
6. 63

291.46
314.50
306. 90<
252.59
292.61
350.24
362.46
333-37
239.23

293."/5
314.64
307.56
250.H3
296.63
353.99
370.12
332.(3
241.04

162.23

162.17

216.00
235.59
175.58

214.97
234.30
174.24

154.28
159.13
125.04
132.25

161.80
167.81
128.04
130.16

161.76
167.44
130.52
135.60

161.22
166.91
126.00
134.42

5.41
5.60
4.38
4.36

FOOD STORES
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

219.74
229.12
145.53

225.14
235.53
141 .98

231.19
241.28
147.21

229.01
238.58
149.30

7.27
7.54
4.99

7.
7.55 I
5.01

AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS AND SERVICE
STATIONS
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

234.46
277.59
231.74
175.21

229.02
269.42
227.77
171.42

238.14
278.89
247.66
181.44

237.51
280.04
247.83
180.07

6.17
7.21
5.68
4.84

6 . 14
7.09
5.68
4.87

6.30
7.32
6.07
5.04

6. 3 0
"\35
6.n3
5.0 3

APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

136.16
168.68
122.82
132.73
138.82

136.80
167.77
122.16
130.75
147.39

111.43
177.28
127.75
112.59
142.43

139.97
172.80
124.82
111.12
144.54

4.6 0
5 . 19
4.34
4.53
4.69

4.75
5.36
4.41
4.62
5 . 10

4.86
5.^4
4.53
4.85
4.98

4.81
5.40
4.49
4. 80 |
4.

FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHINGS
STORES
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

210.14
210.70
221.08
202.00

209.50
210.63
221.79
200.33

215.90
214.09
233.64
209.90

217.63
216.49
231.34
212.45

5.97
6.02
6.21
5.69

6.02
6.07
6.23
5.79

6.24
6.26
6.60
5.98

6.2*
6 . 33

EATING AND DRINKING PLACES5

107.29

103.88

109.89

1 11.38

3.93

3.98

4.07

4.08 I

MISCELLANEOUS RETAIL
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

163.01
142.03
150.10
198.58
259.46
170.17

161.41
143.66
146. 17
195.47
259.62
168.61

169.91
151.68
155.06
204.27
270.51
179.40

171.40
151.85
155.43
207.13
267.25
165.90

5 . 11
4.75
4.75
5.91
6 . 81
5.22

5.36
5.09
4.97
6.19
7.10
5.42

5.3 9
5.13
4.95
6.22
■'.07
5.50

WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

RETAIL TRADE
BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN
SUPPLIES
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

,

GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL
ESTATE 6
BANKING
Commercial and stock savings banks
CREDIT AGENCIES OTHER THAN BANKS
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions
INSURANCE CARRIERS
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

See footnotes at end of table.

112



.

312.
329.
334.
268.
313.
377.
384.
357.
253.

2 47.71

6. 26 I
5.'

6.48 I
6.0"'

6.38

6.39

6.78

6.86

5.47
5.3 8

5.45
5.37

5.82
5.69

5. 39 I
* . -n

225.83
205.62
228.89

6.03
5.62
6.0?

6.12 I
5 . 68
6 . 12

266.81
292.43
274.13

7.67
7.82
7.29
7.66

7.S4 |
7.31
7.71 I

230.04

245.44

249.02

200.75
197.98

197.29
194.39

213.59
209.39

216.75
211.44

210.73
193.98
21 1.86

206,79
190.44
207.75

220.70
2C0.63
224.55

266.70
284.26
247.03
255.39

266.38
283.09
249.38
254.37

283.79
290. 12
270.46
261. 12

262.96

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average weekly hours

Average overtime hours

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
1982P

WHOLESALE TRADE-DURABLE
GOODS—Continued
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment .
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

39.6
38.8
39.1
39.5
38.7

39.1
38.7
38.5
39.1
38.3

38.8
39.6
38.7
39.4
37.6

39.3
39.4
38.9
39.3
37.6

WHOLESALE TRADE-NONDURABLE GOODS
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

38.0
37.0
37.2
37.2
38.2
38.7
39.7
37.0
38.4

36.1
36.8
37. 1
37.1
38.4
38.9
4C.1
37.0
38.2

38.2
37.5
37.7
36.4
38.7
39.0
39.8
36. S
38.1

38.0
37.5
37.5
36.8
38.4
36.
39.
36,
36,

RETAIL TRADE

30.9

30.2

BUILDING MATERIALS AND GARDEN
SUPPLIES
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

37.5
39.2
34.7

37.C
38.6
34.3

37.2
38.7
35. 1

36.8
38.4
34.5

GENERAL MERCHANDISE STORES
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

29.9
29.8
29.7
30.9

30.3
3C.4
29.1
30.2

29.
29.
29.
31.

29.8
29.7
30.0
30.9

FOOD STORES
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

31.8
32.0
29.7

31,
31
28.8

31.
32.
29.

31.
31.

38.0
38.5
ao. 8
36.2

37.3
36.0
4C.1
35.2

37.8
38. 1
40.8
36.0

37.
38.
41.
35.

29.6
32.5
28.3
29.3
29.6

28.8
31.3
27.7
28.3
28.9

29.
32.
28.
29.
28.6

29. 1
32.0
27.8
29.4
29.2

35.2
35.0
35.6
35-5

34. 8
34.7
35.6
34.6

34.6
34.2
35.4
35.1

34.6
34.2
35.7
35.0

AUTOMOTIVE DEALERS AND SERVICE
STATIONS
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

....

FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHINGS
STORES
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

27.3

26.1

27.C

27.3

MISCELLANEOUS RETAIL
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

31.9
29.9
31.6
33.6
38.1
32.6

31.1
29.2
3C.2
33.3
37.9
32.3

31.7
29.8
31.2
33.0
38.1
33. 1

31.
29.
31.
33.
37.8
33.8

36.7
36.8

36.
36.

36.7
36.8

36.8
36.9

37.1
36.6
37.3

36.
36.
36.

36.
35.
37.

36.9
36.2
37.4

37.3
37.6
37.6
36.8

37.1
37.2
37.9
36.6

37.
37.
37. 1
36.7

37.2
37.3
37.5
36.7

36.0

BANKING
Commercial and stock savings banks
CREDIT AGENCIES OTHER THAN BANKS
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions
INSURANCE CARRIERS
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

..

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
19R2

Aug.
1 9 62 n

^ppt.
1982''

30.3

EATING AND DRINKING PLACES '

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL
ESTATE"

Sept.
1982P

35.9

See footnotes at end of table.




113

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings
Industry

Aug.
1981

SERVICES

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Sept.
1982*

Aug.
1981

$210.89 $ 2 1 1 . 2 5 $227.40 $ 2 2 8 . 0 6 $ 2 2 8 . 2 5

Sept.
1981

$6.52

July
1982

$6.87

A eg.
1 9 62?

$6.89

HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts ?

151.05

148.96

153.5C

155.18

PERSONAL SERVICES:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops5

162.32
14 0.87

165.66
138.70

171.83
160.68

172.49
156.06

4.86
4.68

4.96
4.67

5.16
5.41

5.1*
5.29

BUSINESS SERVICES
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

216.48
319.97
147.15
304.94

213.16
307.65
147.40
301.55

230.96
331.72
154.94
316.11

232.27
337.59
154.68
323.39

6.58
9.09
5.43
8.11

6.62
8.74
5.50
8.15

7.02
9.24
5.76
8.59

7.06
9.43
5.75
8.6">

250.64
276.01

247.21
213.15

255.56
282.57

254.51
280.02

6.51
6.97

6.69
7.19

6.68
7.18

AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES
Automotive repair shops
MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES
MOTION PICTURES
Motion picture production and services
AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES
HEALTH SERVICES
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
LEGAL SERVICES
MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping

1

.




4.88

302.22

303.42

312.39

308.77

7.69

7.82

8.01

8.02

205.34
419.10

217.85
440.63

231.83
4-6.48

234.34
490.30

7.36
11.00

8.19
11.75

8.25
13.09

8.31
13.04

185.15

186.36

188.48

182.21

5.75

6 . 11

5.89

211.86
211.88
183.74
142.87
237.01

211.90
211.86
180.41
145.07
236.94

234.13
218.28
191.87
156.98
265.18

232.69
219.10
191.76
155.03
262.89

284.20

278.17

305.89

3C6.75

8.31

8 . 11

8.79

8.84

404.56
437.27
334.90

9.54
10.14
8.25

9.52
10.23
8.05

10.26
10.93
8.62

10.40
11.07
8.^9

363.47
396.47
305.25

36C.81
394.88
301.88

398.09
431.74
328.42

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.
Beginning January 1978, data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as
switchboard operators; service assistants; operating room instructors; and pay-station
attendants. In 1977, such employees made up 20 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in establishments reporting hours and earnings data.
4
Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telphone industry as central of­
fice craft persons; installation and exchange repair craft persons; line, cable and con­
duit craft persons; and laborers. In 1977, such employees made up 37 percent of the
2

114

Aug.
1982F

total number of nonsupervisory employees in establishments reporting hours and earn­
ings data.
5
Money payments only; tips, not included.
6
Data for nonoffice sales agents excluded from all series in this division.
- Data not available.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Data from April 1981 forward are subject to revision when more recent ben­
chmark data are introduced. See "Benchmark adjustment" in the Explanatory Notes of
this publication.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-2. Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry—Continued
Average weekly hours

July
1582

Average overtime hours

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

32.9

32.4

31.8

30.4

31.2

31.8

33.4
30.1

33.4
2S.7

33.3
29.7

33.3
29.5

BUSINESS SERVICES
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

32.9
35.2
27.1
37.6

35
26
37

32.9
35.9
26.9
36.8

32.9
35.8
26.9
37.3

AUTO REPAIR, SERVICES, AND GARAGES

38.5
39.6

37.8
38.8

38.2
39.3

38.1
39.0

39.3

38.8

39.0

38.5

27.9
38.1

26.6
37.5

28.1
36.4

28.2
37.6

....

32.2

30.5

32.0

31.8

AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES

33.0
32.2
28.8
31.4
34. 3

32.7
32.1
28.5
31.4
33.8

33.
32.
28.
32.
34.8

33.
31.
28.
31.
34.

34. 2

34.3

34.8

34.7

38.1
39.1
37.0

37.9
38.6
37.5

38,
39,
38.

36.9
39.5
38.1

SERVICES

Aug.
1982P

33.1

Sept.
1982P

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
1962T\

Sept.
19R2->

32.7

HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts
PERSONAL SERVICES:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops s

...

Automotive repair shops
MISCELLANEOUS REPAIR SERVICES
MOTION PICTURES
Motion picture production and services

HEALTH SERVICES
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
LEGAL SERVICES
MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping




....

115

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-3. Average hourly earnings excluding overtime off production workers on manufacturing payrolls by Industry
Average hourly earnings excluding overtime'
Major industry group

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

July
1982

Aug.
1982P

Ser t.
1982P

MANUFACTURING

7.74

$7.87

$8.31

$8.26

$8. 32

DURABLE GOODS

8.29
6.88
5.84
8.02
0.58
7.97
8.50
7 51
9 97
7 35
5.81

8.41
6.95
5.87
8.13
10.78
8.06
8.63
7.51
10.12
7.37
5.89

8.87
7.39
6.22
8.54
11.08
8.63
,08
,00
10.85
8.16
6.30

8.85
38
25
8.52
11.21
8.63
9.11
8.05
10.81
8.29
6.25

8. 9 1

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
.......
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products . . .
Leather and leather products

6.96
7.12
8.44
5.43
4.88
8.23
7.97
8.83
10.85
6.96
a.88

7.08
7.18
6.49
5.49
4.96
8.41
8.07
8.98
11.04
7.01
5.00

53
52
10.22
66
11
8.98
8.50
9. 70
11. 87
7. 40
5. 21

7.48
7.49
9.18
5.66
5.10
9.00
8.53
9.69
11.82
7.38
5.26

Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half.

p-preliminary.

C-4. Gross average weekly earnings off production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by industry
division, in current and constant (1977) dollars

Industry

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1S81

July
1982

Aug.
1982P

Sppt.
1982P

TOTAL PRIVATE:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

$259.88
170.64

$259.74
168.88

$269.98
167.90

$270.69
168.03

* 2 7 0 . 05

MINING:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

447.30
293.70

450.85
2 9 3 . 14

463.68
288.36

462.40
287.03

$ 4 5 7 . "75

CONSTRUCTION:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

40 8. 4 1
268.16

396.31
257.68

438.14
272.48

436.54
270.97

$ 4 3 2 . 47

MANUFACTURING:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

3 2 0 . 40
210.37

322.32
209.57

332.60
206.84

331.89
206.01

$ 3 3 3 . 29

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

389.67
255.99

390.04
253.60

403.37
250.85

4 0 9 . 11
253.95

$410.C3

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

194.83
127.93

194.49
126.46

202.45
125.90

202.77
125.87

$200.S3

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

232.23
152.48

230.04
149.57

245.44
152.64

249.02
154.57

«247.-/1

SERVICES:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

210.89
138.47

211.25
137.35

227.U0
141.42

228.06
141.56

$ 2 2 8 . 25

1

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.


116


p«preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry division and major manufacturing group
(1977=100)

Industry division and group

TOTAL PRIVATE

Aug.
1981

110.4

GOODS-PRODUCING

Sept.
1S81

July
1982

A.ua.
1982?

109.0

106.0

102.8

01.7

MINING

145.6

145.0

126.2

123.7

CONSTRUCTION

118.4

111.5

111. 1

110.7

MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment . . . .
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
NONDURABLE GOODS
*. . .
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products . . .
Leather and leather products
SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE
WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

98.9

99. 1

98.0
91.7
98.2
94.5
91.8
96.7

98.

108.7
105.5
85.8
114.0

92.8
00.3
05.9
09.5
89.7
96.9
00.2
06.8
01.5
05.8
02.2
92.8

n.
S6.
93.
93.
56.
109.
106.
88.
113.

94.
100.
1C6.
112.
87.
95.
1C2.
107.
103.
1C7.
101.

90.

86.1

86.6

84.0
81.3
82.6
82.2
67.4
81.1
89. 5
94.4
80.0
104. 6
80.2

82.8
82.5
88.6
82.4
66.0
80.9
86.2
93.6
74.7
105.1
83.8

89.
97.
79.
72.
80.
91.
10 4. 2
93.9
98.5
91.0
73.7

°2.2
102.9
97
75
85

92
104
93
98
92

79.8

114.1

112.5

114.

3

105.9

106.1

102.2

101.9

108.9

1C7.5

108.0

107.6

113.0
107.4

112.0
105.8

110.6
107.0

109.8
106.8

119.6

117.0

119.2

118.9

121.7

119.4

124. 8

124.3

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.




117

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry division and major manufacturing group—Continued
(1977=100)

Aug.
1981

Sept.
1981

Aug.
198 2 P /

July
1962

Industry division and group
Payrolls

TOTAL PRIVATE.
GOODS-PRODUCING.

153.6

153.8

155.3

155.4

147.1

147.5

13 8. 5

138.5

3

194.0

MINING .

212.4

214.3

198.

CONSTRUCTION

159.5

152.4

158. 2

158.5

139.9

142.4

129.

7

129.8

138.8
128.3
135.5
<136.9
136.3
135.3
153.7
151.2
122.2
162.6
126.8

141.2
123.1
134.1
141
136
157
152
127
163. 1
130.7

126. 2
121. 9
120. 7
126. 4
103. 5
121. 4
133. 1
143. 2
123. 4
16 4. 3
117. 8

124.2
123.4
130.4
1-26.5
102.7
121.3
128.6
143.0
114.7
167.8
122.7

141.9
147.4
171.8
127.2
132.6
145.7
143.9
145.0
153.0
142.8
127.9

144.3
149.5
177.2
125.3
132.0
1!3.7
146.5
150.7
158.4
142.8
127.0

135.
143.
149.
105.
115.
144.
148.
146.
156.
134.
108.

MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

136

8
4
6
2
5
8
7
2
2
7
2

139.
150.
165.
110.
122.
146.
150.
145,
156.
136.
118,

158.2

158.2

167.1

167.3

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

149.6

151.0

150.5

151.8

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE

151.3

151.8

156.9

156.5

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

160.4
146.4

159.8
147.5

165.5
152.3

164.9
151.9

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

168.0

164.6

177.9

179.6

167.8

167.4

184.4

1S4.1

SERVICE-PRODUCING

118




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED HOURS
C-6. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted

1981

TOTAL PRIVATE

lept.

Oct.

Nov.

35.0

35.1

35.1

Dec.

35.0

Jan.

F€b.

Mar.

Apr.

May

34.4

35.0

34.9

34.9

35.0

July

34.9

34.9

Aug.

14.8

MINING

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

CONSTRUCTION

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

MANUFACTURING

39.a

39.5

39.3

39.1

37.6

39.4

39.0

39.0

Overtime hours

2.7

2.7

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.4

2. 3

2.4

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.4

39.7

40.0

39.7

39.5

38.2

3S.8

39.5

39.5

39.6

39.7

39.7

39.4

2.7

2.6

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.2

35.0
33.6
38
38
38
39
38
39
39
37

37.
37.
4C.
39.
39.
40.
39.8
40.
39.
38.

DURABLE GOODS
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products . . .
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment .
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products .
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind .
NONDURABLE GOODS
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
TRANSPORTATION AND
PUBLIC UTILITIES

37.4
HO. . 3
4 0 .. 6
39..6
4 0 .. 3
39.. 7
40. .1
40.. 4
38.4

37.8
38.0
40.1
40.0
40.0
40.8
39.8
40.6
40.3
38.9

37.
37.
40.
39.
39.
40.
39.
40.
40.
39.

37.7
37.9
39.7
39.2
39.5
40.4
39.5
39.7
39.9
38.5

38.9

38.9

38.7

38.6

36.8

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.6

39.3
(2)
38.8
35.2
43.0
37.1
42.2
43. 1
39.7
36.2

39.5
(2)
39.0
35.5
42.4
37.1
41.5
42.2
39.9
36.7

39.5
(2)
38
35.5
42.0
37.1
41.2
42.5
39.6
36.5

39.8
(2)
37.8
35.1
41.8
37.1
41.3
U2.7
39.4
36.1

39.1
(2)
32.3
31.4
41.3
36.9
41.0
44.3
37.9
34.1

40.2
(2)
38.3
35.5
12.3
37.4
41.2
43.5
40.0
35.6

(2)

(2)

3 2.0

31.7

32.0

38.4
29.9

38.1
29.7

38.5
29.9

37.6

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE

32.1

32.0

32.

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

38.5
30.1

38.4
29.9

38.5
30.0

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

1

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

32.5

32.6

32.6

32.6

32.5

32.6

39. 1

39.2

3 9.2

39.0

? . ~>

37.6
37. 3
40.0
38.8
39.5
40.2
39.4
40.4
39.9
38.6

37.6
37.4
40.0
38.5
39.4
40.1
39.3
41.1
39.9
38.5

38.
37.
40.
38.
39.
39.
39.
41.
40.
38.

38
37
40
38
39
39
39
41.6
40.2
38.6

38
37
40
38
39
39
39.8
41.0
40.1
38.7

38.5

38.4

38.5

38.6

38.6

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.5

?.f

2.6

39.5
(2)
37.6
35.0
41.8
37. 1
40.7
43.5
39.6

39.4
(2)
37.9
34.8
41.836.8
41.0
44. 1
39.9
35.6

39.5
(2)
37.8
35.1
42.0
37.
41.
44.
40.
35.

39.5

35.8

39.4
(2)
37
34
42
37
40
44
39.8
35.6

(2)
37.7
35.2
41.9
37.0
40.9
43.3
40.2
36.1

39.2
(2)
38.2
34.9
41.8
36.8
40.8
44.2
39.7
36.1

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

31.9

31.-"

32.0

31.9

31.9

31.9

38.4
29. 8

38..
29.8

38.5
30.0

38.6
29.8

38.^
29.9

38.5
29.9

(2)
32. 6

38.
38.
40.
38.
39.
39.
39.
40.
40.
38.

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

32.7

32.7

32.7

32.6

32.7

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.
This series is not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative
to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient
precision.
2




119

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-7. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by industry division and major manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1977=100)
1982

1981
Industry division and group

TOTAL PRIVATE

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

107.8

107.7

107.3

106.3

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

104.3

106.2

105. 6

105.2

105.7

June

July

104.9

104.8

Aug.P

104.1

Sspt.

103.8

99.8

99.7

98.4

96.3

91.4

95.6

93.9

93.0

93.3

91.9

91.4

3Q.9

MINING

142.7

143.9

145.0

145.5

141.6

143.7

142. 6

138.4

133. 6

128.2

125.1

121.4

CONSTRUCTION

102.4

106.1

106.9

104.2

96.8

102.9

101. 1

100.9

104.5

101.0

101.9

100.4

93.6

97.3

96.4

94.6

92.5

88.0

91.9

90.3

89.3

89.2

88.4

87 .8

86. 4

85.2

57.4

96.4.

94.0

81 . 8
95.9
88.2
88.6
94.2
110.4
104.9
87.6
113.0
91.1

79.2
93.1
86.6
85.4
91.6
108.7
101.5
85.4
111.7
91.0

91.4
77.2
92.6
83.9
81.9
65.3
1C6.2
99.6
80.7
110.6
89.3

87.3
70.9
80.9
79.3
78.5
85.1
101.6
97.2
78.3
107.3
84.8

90.6

84.1
95.6
90.1
92.3
95. 4
109.6
1C5.7
88.2
114. 1
SO.5

77.5
50.0
62.4
79.7
88.1
104.4
100.4
81.8
1C9.3
86.8

89. 1
76. 1
88.3
81.1
77. 1
87.0
101.5
58.6
81. 7
108.5
56.2

87.8
77.6
87.8
80.2
■73.6
85.8
99.2
97.8
81.4
107.4
84.2

87.8
79.5
88. 1
81. 1
71.0
85.5
98.0
98.0
82.3
108.5
84.4

86.7
79.8
88.5
80.4
70.1
84.0
94.4
97.7
82.6
107.2
83.6

86.1
-79.4
87.3
80.8
68.4
83.9
92.1
97.5
83.1
106.7
84.1

84. 0
70.5
39. 2
79.9
6^.2
81.5
28. 8
95.2
79.3
105.6
8?. f

81.°
71.4
37.1
64.6
79.P
86.4
93."
75.4
10^.8
81."

97.2
56.3
98.3
87.0
53.4
101.6
106.7
103.2
102.9
100.6

95.4
97.3
94.6
83.^9
92.7
96.6
106.5
99.5
100.0
96.3
88.3

54.1
97.7
52.1
80.7
90.5
55.2
106.5
98.9
99.7
94.3
85.1

89.0
95.6
93.6
67.7
79.6
93.7
105.8
97.6

89.3

96.5
97.2
96.1
85.8
93.3
98.3
106.8
100.9
100.1
99.0
90.1

90.0
79.1

93.8
98.9
S4.6
79-9
90.0
95.4
107.2
97.6
S6.1
54.0
79.5

92.0
96.8
93.6
76.5
87.7
93.9
10 6. 7
96.4
96.1
92.3
79.5

91.5
95.5
89.6
78.0
85.3
94.0
106.2
95.3
96.5
94.0
79.5

91.4
96.2
88.7
77.0
85.3
92.8
105.5
95.7
96.7
94.6
78.1

91.0
95.4
91.6
74.8
85.8
92.5
105.9
94.9
95.9
94.9
78.4

Q0.3
96.1
89.8
74.7
83.2
92.2
105.?
94.0
94.2
95.0
77.0

90.0
94.0
93.2
75.2
84.1
91 . 8
104.8
94.1
96. 1
93.4
"»8.4

90.~>
94."
87.6
75.4
84.3
92.3
105.f
95.?
9 5.6
92. °
77.5

112.2

112.1

112.2

1 11.8

111.4

112.1

112.

0

111.9

112.5

112.1

112.2

111.9

105.2

104.2

104.4

103.6

102.8

1C3.7

103.3

102.8

102.6

102.2

101.5

101. 2

GOODS-PRODUCING

MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products .
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing ind
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products

Apparel and other textile products

Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE

se.7

106.8

106.2

106.3

105.4

106.3

105. 9

105.5

106.5

105.8

106.1

105.2

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

112.0
104.9

111.6
104.1

111.8
104.3

111.0
103.3

10 9 . 7
103.4

110.7
104.6

110.2
104.2

109.5
103.9

110.3
105. 1

110.0
104.2

109.6
104.7

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE ^

117.4

117.6

117.4

117.4

116.9

116.8

117.

117.0

117.9

117.4

SERVICES

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.

120



119.6

120.4

120.6

120.8

120.3

120.9

p=prehminary.

1

121. 1

121.5

121.8

121.9

105.5

n<>.2

83. f
118. 1

1 12.3

101.5

105.^

104. 0

108.4
|104.6

117.4

11".2

116."

121.P

122.

122.-7

1

p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1
on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1981

1982

Industry

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

p

s^r 4 -.

P

Hourly Earnings Index 2 1977=100)

TOTAL PRIVATE (In current dollars). . . .
3

MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANSPORTATION AND
PUBLIC UTILITIES . .
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES
TOTAL PRIVATE (In 1977 dollars)

4

141.4

142.0

143.0

143.5

144.9

145.0

145.4

146.3

147.7

148. 1

148.9

1119.3

149.9

151.7
133.5
144.7

151.4
134.7
145.4

153.4
135.7
146.4

153.4
136.6
146.9

156. 2
139.9
148.9

156.C
137.9
149. 1

156.0
138.1
149.9

156.5
138.7
150.8

156.8
139.9
151.8

159.6
139.7
152.5

161.3
140. 6
153.3

1 61. n
140. 7
154.2

1 6 2 . <l
140.3
154. 3

141.5

142.3

143.5

144.3

145.5

146.C

146.3

146.9

148.2

149. 1

148.9

150.0

149.7

141.0

140.5

141.3

141.7

142.1

142.5

142.8

143.7

145. 1

145.2

145.7

146.4

146.3

140.4
139.7

141.4
140.9

142.6
142.2

142.0
142.6

14 3. 1
143.4

143.3
143.7

143.8
143.9

144.9
145.1

148.0
146.5

147.2
147.3

14 8 . 6
148.7

1 50.5
149.6

1r1 .3
149.5

92.1

92.1

92.3

92.3

92.8

93.3

93.7

93.7

93. 1

93.0

53. 2

92.9

Average hourly earnings

$7-37
(5)
$10.95
8.14

TOTAL PRIVATE
MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANSPORTATION AND
PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

$7.45
$7.40
(5)
(5)
$11.06 $11.14
8.20
8.16

$7.46
(5)
$11.22
8.20

$7.52
(5)
$11.52
8.38

$7.53
$7.54
$7.59. $7.65
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
$11.34 $11.39 $11.43 $11.54
8.44
8.37
8.48
8. 34

*7
"^
$7.71
$7.73
$7.67
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
S 1 1 . 5 1 $ 1 1 . 5 6 $ 1 1.5° ? 1 1 . 6 0
8.5*5
8.56
8.52

S.86

9.89

9.97

10.02

10.05

10.13

10.15

10.18

10.24

10.30

10.30

10.38

10. 37

6.03

6.03

6.06

6.C8

6.C9

6.10

6.12

6 . 16

6.20

6.22

6.23

6.26

6 . 23

(5)
$6.54

(5)
$6.58

(5)
$6.63

(5)
$6.65

(5)
$6.71

(5)
$6.12

(5)
$6.72

(5)
$6.80

(5)
$6.85

(5)
$6.90

(5)
$6.96

(5)
$6.99

(5)
? 7 . 00

Average weekly earnings

TOTAL PRIVATE:
257.95
168.05

2 5 9 . 7 4 2 6 1 . 5 0 [ 2 6 1 . 10 2 5 8 . 6 9
168.44 168.82 167.S1 165.93

2 6 3 . 5 5 2 6 3 . 15 2 6 4 . 8 9 2 6 7 . 7 5
l
168.62 168.90 169.69 169.89

267.68 269.08 p6c.nn 268.66
1 6 8 . 14 1 6 7 . 9 7 1 6 7 . 3^

i
1

For coverage of series, see footnote 1, table B-2.
2
The index excludes effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to underlying wage-rate
developments: Fluctuations in overtime premiums in manufacturing (the only sector for which overtime
data are available) and the effects of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage and low-wage
industries.

4

The deflator for these series is derived from the Consumer Price Index for Urban
Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W).
5
See footnote 2, table C-6.
p = preliminary.

3
The unadjusted data are shown because the seasonal component is small relative
to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated
with sufficient precision.

C-9.

Hours of w a g e and salary workers 1 in nonagricultural establishments by industry division
Millions of hours (Annual rata) 3

Parcant change

Industry division

July
1982

TOTAL
PRIVATE SECTOR
MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
NONDURABLE GOODS
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE AND REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

GOVERNMENT

Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers and
salaried workers—and are based largely on establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods
for Surveys and Studies, BLS Bulletin 1910—Chapter 30, Productivity Measures: Private
Economy and Major Sectors.




166,155
135,752
2,448
7,558
38,580
23,030
15,549
10,266
34,477
10,088
32,334
30,404

August
P1982

165,530
135,090
2,382
7,461
38,212
22,672
15,540
10,220
34,377
10,107
32,330
30,441

September
P1982

165,084
134,750
2,330
7,309
37,740
22,233
15,507
10,234
34,500
10,096
32,540
30,334

Sept. 1981
to
Sept. 1982

-1.3
-3.1
-14.5
-2.8
-9.5
-12.0
-5.7
-3.0
-0.8
0.7
2.6
7.1

J u l y 1982
to
Aug. 1982

-0.4
-0.5
-2.7
-1.3
-1.0
-1.6
-0.1
-0.4
-0.3
0.2
0.0
0.1

Aug. 1982
to
Sept. 1982

-0.3
-0.3
-2.2
-2.0
-1.2
-1.9
-0.2
0.1
0.4
-0.1
0.7
-0.3

"Annual rate" refers to total hours paid for 1 week in the month, expressed as a sea­
sonally adjusted annual equivalent.

121

PRODUCTIVITY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of output and compensation per hour, unit costs, and prices,
private business sector, seasonally adjusted
(1977 = 100)
Quarterly indexes
Annual average

1981

1979

1982

198

1981

98.9
106.2
107.4
131.4
96.7
132.9
119.3
128.3

100.7
108.9
108.2
144.1
96.0
143.1
135.2
140.4

99.1
107.9
108.8
123.0
97.8
124.1
113.2
120.4

99.3
107.9
108.7
126.7
97.0
127.6
116.0
123.7

98.2
104.7
106.6
130.0
96.4
132.3
116.2
126.9

98.9
105.3
106.5
133.1
96.9
134.7
120.6
129.9

99.3
107.0
107.7
136.1
96.2
137.0
124.6
132.8

100.7
109.1
108.3
140.0
96.2
139.0
131.8
136.5

100.7
109.1
108.3
142.5
96.4
141.5
133.4
138.8

101.0
109,
108.
145,
95.
144.
137.
141,

100.2
107.8
107.5
148.2
95.6
147.9
138.3
144.6

100.0
106.
106.
150.
96.
150.
136,
146.0

98,
106,
108,
130,
96,
133
119
128

99
108
108
143
95
143
134.8
140.8

98.8
108.0
109.2
122.7
97.6
124.1
111.3
119.8

98.7
107.9
109.3
126.2
96.6
127.8
115.2
123.6

97.6
104.6
107.2
129.3
96.0
132.5
116.7
127.2

98.4
105.3
107.0
132.6
96.5
134.7
120.3
129.9

99
107
108
135
95
136.8
124.4
132.7

100.4
109.2
108.8
139.5
96.0
139.0
131.5
136.5

100.0
109.0
109.0
142.0
96.0
141.9
132.8
138.9

100.0
109.1
109.1
145.1
95.4
145.1
136.7
142.3

99.1
107.1
108.1
147.7
95.3
149.0
138.4
145.5

99.2
106.0
106.8
150.4
96.3
151.6
136.7
146.6

101.7
103.6
101.8
132.8
97.7
130.6

104.5
105.9
101.3
146.4
97.5
140.0

101.
107.
105.
122.
97.
120.

102.6
107.8
105.1
127.1
97.3
123.9

100,
101,
101,
130,
97,
130.3

100.3
99.9
99.6
135.2
98.5
134.9

103.6
105.0
101.3
138.4
97.8
133.6

105.
106.
101.
142.
98.
135.

105.0
107.5
102.4
144.9
97.9
138.0

105.0
107.4
102.3
147.3
96.8
140.3

102.8
102.0
99.2
150.7
97.2
146.6

102.1
98.2
96.2
154.7
99.0
151.5

100.
103.
103.
132.
97,
132,

103.4
106.1
102.6
146.5
97.6
141.6

100.
109.
108.
121.
96.
120,

101,
108.
107.
126.
96.
125.1

99.2
101.4
102.2
130.4
96.8
131.4

98.3
98.8
100.4
135.0
98.3
137.3

102.2
104.9
102.7
138.5
97.9
135.6

104.2
107.0
102.7
142.7
98.2
137.0

104.0
108.2
104.0
144.7
97.9
139.2

103.7
107.8
103.9
147.2
96.7
142.0

101.5
101.6
100.0
151.0
97.4
148.7

100.3
96.8
96.5
154.8
99.1
154.3

104.0
103.7
99.7
132.8
97.7
127.7

106.
105,
99.
145,
97.
137,

103.7
105.8
102.0
123.6
98.3
119.1

104.7
106.2
101.5
127.2
97.3
121.5

102.3
101.8
99.5
131.3
97.4
128.4

103.2
101.5
98.4
135.4
98.6
131.2

105.8
105.1
99.3
137.6
97.2
130.1

106.
106.
99.
141.
97.
132.

106.5
106.5
99.9
144.4
97.7
135.6

107.0
106.9
99.8
146.7
96.5
137.1

104.
102.
98.
149,
96.
143.1

104.9
100.4
95.7
154.3
98.8
147.2

100.8
108.1
107.2
131.6
96.8
131.0
130.5
132.5
87.9
126.1

102.
110.
107.
144.
96.
143.
140.
151.
101.
138,

100.6
109.9
109.3
123.1
97.9
121.4
122.4
118.7
84.1
117.1

100.8
109.8
109.0
126.8
97.0
125.0
125.8
122.7
91.1
121.1

99.8
106.5
106.6
130.0
96.4
130.4
130.2
131.0
81.9
124.8

101.1
107.1
105.9
133.4
97.1
132.9
131.9
135.7
87.8
127.7

101.7
109.0
107.2
136.3
96.3
135.8
134.1
140.7
90.5
130.6

102.8
111.0
107.9
140.4
96.
138.
136.
143.
104,
134,

102.7
111.1
108.1
142.7
96.5
141.7
138.9
149.6
98.8
136.8

102.8
111.5
108.5
145.7
95.8
144.7
141.7
153.1
105.2
140.2

102.2
109.4
107.0
148.6
95.9
149.1
145.4
159.6
97.6
143.2

102.3
107.9
105.4
151.7
97.1
151.8
148.3
161.8
86.1
144.3

BUSINESS SECTOR:
Output per hour of all persons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
N O N F A R M BUSINESS SECTOR:
Output per hour of all persons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
.......
Implicit price deflator
MANUFACTURING:
Output per hour of all persons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour . . . . . . . .
Real compensation per hour
Un : t labor costs

.. . .

D U R A B L E GOODS
Output per hour of all persons . . .
Output
Hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
NONDURABLE GOODS
Output per hour of all persons . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
N O N F I N A N C I A L CORPORATIONS:
O u t p u t per all-employee hour . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour . . . . .
Total unit costs .
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

p=preliminary.
r=revised.

122



PRODUCTIVITY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes f r o m preceding quarter and year in p r o d u c t i v i t y , hourly c o m p e n s a t i o n , unit
costs, and prices, private business sector, seasonally adjusted a t annual rate
Annual percent change

Quarterly percent change

1981 II 981 III 1981 IV 1982 I
to
to

1980 IV 1981
to
to

1982 I

1981 III

1981 I

1982 III 1981 I

BUSINESS SECTOR:
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour

....

5.6
7.9
2,
11.
0,
5,
25,
11,

Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
N O N F A R M BUSINESS SECTOR:
Output per hour of all persons . . . .

1.1
1.9
0.8
9.0
-2.6
7.8
12.5
9.3

-2.
-6.
-3.
7.
-0.
10.
2.
8.

-0.3
0.3
0.6
9.0
-2.6
9.3
12.1
10.2

-3.5
-7.1
-3.7
7,
-0,
11
5
9

-0.1
-0.4
-0.3
6.8
-4.6
6.8

Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour

4
7
2
11
0

Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

6
24.9
12.1

-1.3
-0.8
0.5
7.1
0.1
8.6
4.0
7.1

6.3
6.9
0.5
12.7
1.2
6.0

-0.7
2.8
3.6
6.6
-0.4
7.3

Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

8.2
8.0
-0.2
12.8
1.3
4.3

-0.7
4.5
5.3
5.7
-1.2
6.5

N O N D U R A B L E GOODS
Output per hour of all persons . . . .
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

3.5
5.2
1.6
12.8
1.2j
9.01

-0.7
0.3
1.0!
7.6
0.6|
8.3

1.
1.41
-0.4
6.5
-4.61
4.6

-8.8|
-15.1
-6.91
8.2
0.3
18.5

-0.4
0.6|
0
6.9|
-0.1
10.21
7.3|
18
-20.81
7.1

0.
1.
1.
8.5)

-2.
-7.
-5.
8.3|
0
12
10
17.81
-25.9
8.9

MANUFACTURING:
Output per hour o f all persons
Output
Hours

....

Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

2,
4,
1
9.
-0,
6.
14.8
9.4

2.
4.
1.
9.
-1.
7.
13.
9.

0.9
0.7
-0.2
8.9
-0.6
7.9
11.0
8.9

2.5
4.2
1.6
9.8
0.0
7.1
13.8
9.2

1.
3.
2.
9.
-1,
7.
13.

-0.
-0.
-0,
8,
-0.
8,
11

9.

9,

2.6
-1.0
-3.5
12.2
0.8
9.3

4.5
5.8
1.2
10.7
0.9
5.9

4.7
7.5
2.7
8.9
-1.7
4.0

-0.8
-2.9
-2.1
8.9
-0.6
9.8

-2

3.0
-1.7
-4.6
12.7
1.3
9.5

4.8
6.7
1.8
11.0
1.1
5.9

5.4
9.1
3.5
9.0
-1.6
3.4

-0.6
-3.2
-2.6
9.1
-0.4
9.7

-3.8
-9.5
-6.0
8.4
0.9
12.7

2.0
0.1
-1.8
11.51
0.2
9.4|

4.2
4.6
0.4
10.0
0.2
5.6

3.7
5.3
1.5
8.4
-2.2
4.5

-1.1
-2.4
-1.2
8.7
-0.7
10.01

-1.7
-5.6
-4.0
8.8
1.3
10.8

2.
1.
-1,
10.
-0.
10,
8,
16
14,
11,

2.9
4.4,
1.4|
9
0.1
8.7
6.7
14.21
20.7
9.6

1,
4.
2,
9,
-1
8
7.
12.
19.
9.

0.
0.
-0.
9.
-0.
9,

-0.
-2.
-2.
8.
0.
9.
8.6|
12.8
-17.8
7.3

1.4
1.1

-2.4
-13.8
-11.7
11.1
7.6
13.9

1980 II 980 III 1980 IV 1981 I
to
to
to
to
1982 I
1981 II1981 III

DURABL E GOODS
Output per hour of all persons

....

N O N F I N A N C I A L CORPORATIONS:
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

4.
7.
2.
12.
0.
7.
7.
8,
79,
12,

3.0l
-21.
-14.
10.
2.
20,

-3.q
8.q
8.
9.
28.
10.

-4.
-17,
-13.
10,
6.
15,

0.5
-6.7
-7.1
7.7
2.9
7.1
i-0,

-4.
-3.
8.6|
3
9.0|
0.5
P2
-5.2
P-l
-5.7i
p-3.2
8.6
p6.4
5.2
pi. 7
7.4]
p6.0
8.1
p4.0
5.71 p l l -39.4 p-16.0
3.0
p4.4

8,
13,
7

9

p=preliminary.
r=re vised.




123

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE A N D AREA HOURS A N D EARNINGS

C-12. Gross hours and earnings o f production w o r k e r s o n manufacturing payrolls, by State and selected areas
Average weekly earnings
State and araa

ALABAMA
Birmingham
Mobile

AU3.
1981

JULY
1982

$281.90
304.93
376.15

$281.69
295.37
386.14

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly hours

&0S.
1982P
$283.75
300.27
384.89

1981

JBLY
1982

A.U3.
1981

JOLY
1982

39.3
38.3
4 0.6

$7.03
7.82
9.13

$7.26
7.94
9.26

(*>

MIS.
1982P

40.1
39.0
41.2

33.3
37.2
41.7

47.0

(*>

(*>

10.27

ALASKA

482.69

ARIZONA

322.72

344.82

345.71

39.5

33.7

33.8

8.17

8.91

ARKANSAS
Fayetteville—Sprlngdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock—North Little Rock . . .
Pine Bluff

250.3 4
225.67
250.13
283.20
333.20

262.75
231.99
260.14
304.94
358.85

261.12
237. 73
255.00
307.33
356.17

39.8
39.8
3 8.9
40.0
42.5

39.1
38.6
33.2
39.5
41.2

33.8
39.1
37.5
39.1
40.2

6.29
5.67
6.43
7.08
7.84

6.72
6.01
6.81
7.72
8.71

CALIFORNIA

346.55

362.16

367.46

39.8

38.9

39.3

8.71

9.31

COLORADO
Denver—Boulder

332.03
329.13

331.43
335.40

334.77
340.08

40-1
39.9

33.9
33.8

39.2
39.0

8.28
8.25

8.52
8.67

CONNECTICUT
Bridgeport
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven—West Haven
Stamford
Waterbury

316.77
334.5 5
334. U
323.18
302.75
296.84
272.90

331.60
352.77
351.43
339.73
320.30
305.06
271.47

331.60
350.92
355.29
340.98
319.48
303.34
284.78

41.3
42.2
41.1
41.7
40.1
41.0
41.6

40.0
41.6
39.8
40.3
39.3
39.8
39.4

40.0
40.9
40.1
40 4
39 2
39 6
40.8

7.67
7.93
8.13
7.75
7.55
7.24
6.56

8.29
8.43
8.83
8.43
8.15
7.69
6.89

DELAWARE
Wilmington

327.64
378.69

332.73
387.34

332.42
409.25

40.4
39-0

39.6
37.9

39.2
39.2

8.11
9.71

8.62
10.22

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA:
Washington SMSA

352.55

352.13

357.72

39.0

37.5

33.3

9.04

9.39

266.54
254.15
313.74
303.54
227.85
293.56
325.62
263.87
292.63

270.78
256.13
295.59
303.35
229.85
315.83
332.87
277.09
289.33

273.67
270.07
308,39
305.96
231.49
320.32
323.17
272.74
285.25

40.4
40.6
42.0
42.1
40.4
42.3
41.8
39.8
40.7

38.3
33.4
37.4
40.5
38.5
41.2
39.3
40. 1
39.0

38.6
39.6
33.5
40.1
33.2
41.6
33.2
39.7
33.6

6.60
6.26
7.47
7.21
5.64
6.94
7.79
6.63
7.19

7.07
6.67
7.93
7.49
5.97
7.69
8.47
6.91
7.42

QEORQIA
Atlanta
Savannah

257.3 5
296.60
365.92

262.09
315.02
357.62

264.60
305. 85
371.28

40.4
39.6
44.3

33.6
38.7
41.2

39.2
37-9
42.0

6.37
7.49
8.26

6.79
8.14"
8.68

HAWAII
Honolulu

288.79
275.5 2

295.43
291.85

289.14
282.96

38.2
36.7

38.6
38.1

37.6
35.7

7.56
7.51

7.68
7.66

IDAHO
Boise City

343.00
292,70

330.67
308.85

339.43
299.09

40.4
39.5

36.7
39.8

37.3
33.1

8.49
7.41

9.01
7.75

ILLINOIS
Bloomlngton—Normal
Champaign—Urbana—Rantoul ..
Chicago SMSA
Davenport—Rock Island—Mollne
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

360.80
323.09
319.23
329.0U
440.89
426.39
295.57
478.40
369.15
399.99

361.38
325.24
336.11
351.27
463.27
448.15
315.36
451.78
369.07
457.33

362.60
324.94
330.78
356.84
465.90
457.25
308.45
458. 11
378.28
448.11

40.0
38.1
38.7
39.5
39.4
39.6
37.7
39.9
40.3
39.8

38.9
37.6
38.5
38.9
38.8
38.7
38.3
36.2
39.6
41.5

39.2
35.8
37.0
39.3
39.6
39.9
37.8
36.3
40.2
40.7

9.02
8.48
8-2 5
8.33
11-19
10.78
7.84
11.99
9.16
10.05

9.29
8.65
8.73
9.03
11.94
11.58
8.26
12.48
9.32
11.02

INDIANA
Gary—Hammond—East Chicago
Indianapolis

380.57
514.70
387.20

387.30
515.04
382.49

384.16

40.4
40.4
41.5

39.4
38.9
3 9.8

39.2

<*>
(*>

9.42
12.74
9.33

9.83
13.24
9.61

IOWA
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines

376.92
376.16
400.30

382.23
382.31
410.51

382.00
385. 14
433.63

39.1

38.3
38.5
37.8

38.2
39.3
40.3

9.64
9.67
10.16

9.93
9.93
10.86

FLORIDA
Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood

Jacksonville
Lakeland—Winter Haven
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa—St. Petersburg
West Palm Beach—Boca Raton ..

See footnotes at end of table.

124




(*)

(*>

(*»
(*»

38.9
39.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-12. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by State and selected areas—Continued
Average weekly earnings

Average weekly houn

State and area

IU5.
1981

JULY
1982

AU3.
1981

JCJLY
1982

ftOS.
1982P

$417.49
282.35
494.94

$393.65
346.63
483.23

$419.63
360.70
481.34

38.8
37.2
39.5

3 5.4
33.9
37.2

KANSAS
Topeka
Wichita

330.07
345.71
364.01

348.83
320.07
379.99

348.96
331.01
395.11

40.4
38.8
40.9

KENTUCKY
Lexington—Fayette
Louisville

306.12
319.80
367.35

317.75
377.74
377.67

321.21
318.36
379.64

LOUISIANA
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport

368.49
447.52
365.09
328. 13

375.01
460.94
358.98
334.03

MAINE
Lewlston—Auburn
Portland

270.28
212.83
245.86

MARYLAND
Baltimore

Average hourly earning!
AOG.
1981

JULY
1982

37.3
39.9
35.8

$10.76
7.59
12.53

$11.12
8.91
12.99

39.6
37.7
39.5

39.7
33.4
40.4

8.17
6.91
8.90

8.81
8.49
9.62

38.7
39.0
39.5

33.1
43.1
39.3

38.7
37.9
39.3

7.91
8.20
9.30

8.34
9.42
9.61

374.30
465.35
361.55
341.82

42.6
42.1
41.3
41.8

39.6
39.6
38.6
40.1

39.4
41.0
33.3
39.2

8.65
10.63
8.84
7.85

295.40
237.08
286.77

291.13
225.55
278.36

40.4
38.0
38.0

40.0
38.3
38.7

40.1
33.1
38.5

6.69
5.60
6.47

7.41
6.19
7.41

335.02
356.00

344.13
369.08

338.13
367.75

39.6
40.5

39.2
39.9

39.0
39.8

8.46
8.79

8.78
9.25

MASSACHUSETTS
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Lawrence—Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Springfield—Chlcopee—Holyoke
Worcester

281.90
301.95
224.43
215.04
297.25
254.35
239.62
286.OS
293.38

294.88
318.72
229.15
208.74
299.83
253.22
266.68
305.56
300.33

300.29
320.69
239.51
213.89
308.11
248.29
250.56
307.60
299.52

40.1
40.1
38.7
38.4
41.0
39.3
38.4
41,1
40.3

38.8
39.3
35.2
35.5
39.2
35.9
38.4
40.1
33.5

39.1
39.3
37.6
36.5
39.4
36.3
36.0
40.0
33.4

7.03
7.53
5.80
5.60
7.25
6.48
6.24
6.96
7.28

7.60
8.11
6.33
5.88
7.65
6.97
6.95
7.62
7.80

MICHIGAN
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Bay City
Detroit
Flint . . . :
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo—Portage
Lansing—East Lansing
Muskegon—Norton Shores—Muskegon Heights
Saginaw

426.77
453.13
427.74
383.25
459.31
493.61
346.93
412.22
396.71
474.43
366.63
486.54

463.56
482.07
469.77
391.89
485.73
565.17
365.34
398.39
411.84
539.43
354.67
548.63

449.26
461.80
472.54
387.43
480.93
537. 06
365.51
409.96
409.21
468.23
376. 12
506.51

40.6
41.0
40.4
40.3
41.4
40.6
39.3
43.5
40.0
39.2
40.5
40.0

40.7
43.9
39,3
40.1
41.1
42.0
38.5
40.8
39.4
42.9
35.9
41.2

40.1
39. 1
39.8
40.0
40.9
40.5
39.1
41.3
39.7
39. 1
39.5
39.3

10.50
11.05
10.59
9.51
11.08
12.16
8.82
9.47
9.91
9.06
12.15

11.40
11.79
11.97
9.77
11.81
13.45
9.52
9.77
10.45
12.58
9.62
13.30

MINNESOTA
Duluth—Superior
Minneapolis—St. Paul
St. Cloud

330.62
336.27
353.03
254.54

355.55
348.29
373.83
248.42

352.03
338.45
374.03
248. 25

39.5
38.3
39.8
35.6

38.9
33.4
38.9
33.3

33.6
34.5
33.8
33.1

8.37
8.78
8.87
7.15

9.14
9.07
9.61
7.46

MISSISSIPPI
Jackson

237.43
261.94

243.59
269.27

251.16
270.96

39.5
40.8

33.3
33.8

39.0
39. 1

6.01
6.42

6.36
6.94

MISSOURI
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

312.84
359.20
287.90
357.4 8
306.27

329.80
367.67
306.15
383.11
283.14

326.02
356.62
299.75
383.15
297.44

39.5
40.0
38.8
39.5
41.0

33.8
38.1
39.0
39.7
39.0

33.4
33.1
37.8
39.5
39.5

7.92
8.98
7.42
9.05
7.47

8.50
9.65
7.85
9.65
7.26

MONTANA

377.15

392.27

399.00

43.4

38.8

39.9

8.59

10.11

NEBRASKA
Lincoln
Omaha

333.66
305.73
325.92

330.26
317.37
344.93

331.69
318.44
349.83

40.2
38.7
38.8

39.6
33.1
38.8

39.3
33.0
39.0

8.30
7.90
8.40

8.34
8.33
8.89

NEVADA
Las Vegas

328.44
394.06

328.71
414.38

333.02

39.1
38.9

37.1
33.8

37.8

8.40
10.13

8.86
10.68

lOWA-Contlnutd
Dubuque
Sioux City
Waterloo—Cedar Falls

(*)

*03.
1982P

(*)

12.10

9.47
11.64

9.30
8.33

See footnotes at end of table.




125

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-12. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by State and selected areas—Continued
Average weekly earnings
State and area

Avtrtft weekly hours

AUS.
1981

JJLI
1982

AOG.
1982P

$256.56
235.98
279.88

$275.71
256.75
317.59

$276.80
261.20
312.39

39.9
39.2
39.7

39.5
39.5
4 0.1

NEW JERSEY
Atlantic City
Camden .1
Hackensack .2
Jersey City .2
New Brunswick—Perth Amboy—Sayreville2.
Newark. 2 .
Paterson—Clifton—Passaic. 2
Trenton

324.94
271.63
315.32
287.17
306.89
372.54
328.99
315.47
323.03

341.94
261.89
334.63
293.33
320.23
390.73
352.81
316.40
338.24

344.20
267.25
343.66
297.55
320.69
392.90
354.03
315.99
339.40

40.5
39.9
39.1
40.6
40.0
41.5
41.0
41.7
38.9

NEW MEXICO
Albuquerque

253.16
258.55

272.05
300.69

263.34
279.68

NEW YORK
Albany—Schenectady—Troy
Blnghamton
Buffalo
Elmlra
Monroe County .3
Nassau—Suffolk ."
New York—Northeastern New Jersey
New York and Nassau—Suffolk }
New York S M S A 4 . . .
New York City ?
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County f
Syracuse
Utica—Rome
Westchester County .5

306.15
333.63
289.27
401.7)
317.75
412.05
299.95
292.39
265.46
256.41
252.50
329.41
384. J9
299.69
339.42
292.64
276.57

324.69
347.02
292.09
432.95
344.86
447.12
314.76
311.94
284.56
275.58
273.03
343. 14
421.06
327.54
353.68
299.00
308.89

320.44
346.98
291.60
419.89
345. 46
439.56
319.16

NORTH CAROLINA
Ashevllle
Charlotte—Gastonla
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point..
Raleigh—Durham

238.58
234. 59
250.10
266.63
270.47

NORTH DAKOTA
Fargo—Moorhead
OHIO
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati

MJG.
1981

JULY
1982

Average hourly earnings

AJS.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JUL*
1982

39.6
40.0
39.0

$6.43
6.02
7.05

$6.98
6.50
7.92

$6.99
6.53
8.01

39.9
37.2
33.2
38.8
39.1
41.0
40.6
39.6
33.7

39.7
37.8
38.7
39.1
39.3
43.8
43.6
39.4
38.7

8.03
6.80
8.07
7.08
7.67
8.99
8.01
7.57
8.31

8.57
7.04
8.76
7.56
8.19
9.53
8.69
7.99
8.74

8.67
7.07
8.88
7.61
8.16
9.63
8.72
8.02
8.77

38.3
37.8

39.6
39.0

33.5
33.0

6.61
6.84

6.87
7.71

6.84
7.36

33.7
39.3
43.4
40.2
40.1
41.4
39.1
33.4
37.1
36.5
36,1
43.0
41.2
33.9
40.1
37.8
39.1

38.7
39.7
43.0
39.8
39.8
40.7
39.5
37.2
36.5
36.3
42.9
40.6
39.2
39.6
38.9
37.4

7.81
8.32
7.09
9.97
7.75
10.05
7.48
7.44
7.06
6-93
6.88
7.59
9.39
7.53
8.36
7.39
7.24

8.39
8.83
7.23
10.77
8.60
10.80
8.05
8.10
7.67
7.55
7.48
7.98
10.22
8.42
8.82
7.91
7.90

8.28
8.74
7.29
10.55
8.68
10.80
8.08

281.23
270.10
267.89
338.48
413.71
332.02
345.71
306.53
267.04

39.2
40.1
40.8
40.3
41.0
41.0
40.1
39.3
37.6
37.0
36.7
43.4
41.0
39.8
40.6
39.6
38.2

7.56
7.40
7.38
7.89
10.19
8.47
8.73
7.88
7.14

236.11
228.75
249.6}
254.46
279.72

243.46
242.26
240.92
269.18
292.19

39.5
40.1
41.0
39.5
39.6

37.3
37.5
39.0
36.3
37.8

33.4
39.2
38.0
37.7
39.7

6.04
5.85
6.10
6.75
6.83

6.33
6.10
6.40
7.01
7.40

6.34
6.18
6.34
7.14
7.36

280.23
309. 67

284.56
309.27

289.10
302.57

38.5
40.8

37.1
39.0

37.4
33.3

7.28
7.59

7.67
7.93

7.73
7.90

393.87
400.32
387.29
357.28
399.49
351.88
412.72
399.78
491.64

407.82
396.88
391.79
389.46
408.80
369.18
422.51
462.31
466.89

405.01
401.47
398.58
391.53
409.05
373.97
406.02
455.94
439.67

40.9
41.7
39.6
40.6
41.1
40.4
41.9
40.3
41.7

43.1
41.0
33.6
43.4
40.0
39.4
41.1
41.8
39.4

43.1
40.8
39.0
40.7
40.3
39.7
43.4
41.6
38.1

9.63
9.60
9.78
8.80
9.72
8.71
9.85
9.92
11.79

10.17
9.68
10.15
9.64

10.10
9.84
10.22

10.22

9.37
10.28
11.06
11.85

10.15
9.42
10.05
10.96
11.54

OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

328.43
346.80
357.93

346.63
358.94
373.26

343.30
350.35
374.22

40.2
40.0
41.0

39.3
39.1
38.8

39.1
33.5
38.9

8.17
8.67
8.73

8.82
9.18
9.62

8.78
9.10
9.62

OREGON
Eugene—Springfield
Jackson County
Portland
Salem

353.03
362.18
352.64
364.23
279.55

37.2
36.4
38.0
38.3
33.6

(*l

403.20
336.42
383.72

38.4
35.6
37.4

9.49
9.95
9.28
9.51
8.32

10.50
9.45
10.26

(*)

(*)
(*>
(*)
(*>

(*»

(*)
(*>

PENNSYLVANIA
Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton
Altoona
_...,
Delaware Valley .e
Erie
Harrlsburg
Johnstown

329.78
337.95
276.71
335.91
354.32
312.84
339.21

331.78
343.28
286.69
342.5)
358.16
323.05
302.56

39.4
38.8
38.7
39.8
41.2
39.5
37.9

33.4
38.1
33.9
38.7
39.1
33.7
35.1

33.2
37.8
38.6
33.4
39.4
33.7
32.5

8.37
8.71
7.15
8.44
8.60
7.92
8.95

8.64
9.01
7.37
8.85
9.16
8.27
8.62

8.60
8.72
7.40
8.93
9.13
8.50
8.69

NEW HAMPSHIRE
Manchester
Nashua

Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton
Toledo
Youngstown—Warren

See footnotes at end of table.

126




<*!

(*>

(*)

(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)

m
328.52
329.62
285.64
342.91
359.72
328.95
282.43

(*>

(*)

(*i

AUG.
1982P

(*)

9.62

(*)
(*)
(*l

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-12. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by State and selected areas—Continued
Average weekly earnings
State and area

Average weekly hours

AUS.
1981

JCJLY
1982

ACJ3.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

$280.91
237.57
335.15
413.91
305.3 5
297.14
311.43

$295.73
264.00
341.22
395.23
311.92
307.7 0
319.13

$300.30
252.58
342.53
397.13
315.25
314.42
314.40

38.8
37.1
39.9
40.5
39.3
39.2
41.3

RHODEISLAND
Providence—Warwick—Pawtucket

236.78
235.85

252.45
248.34

251.17
246.28

SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston—North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville—Spartanburg

255.15
273.53
247.02
253.58

260.94
285.01
241.39
247.43

SOUTH DAKOTA
Sioux Falls

297.19
402.74

TENNESSEE
Chattanooga
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville—Davidson

Average hourly earnings

AOG.
1982P

ADG.
1981

JULY
1982

3 7.8
37.5
33.6
37.7
37.9
38.9
43.3

33
36
33
37

$7.24
6.39
8.4 0

37.8
39.8
43.0

10.22
7.77
7.58
7.54

$7.85
7.04
8.84
10.51
8.23

38.5
38.6

37.4
37.4

37.6
37.6

6.15
6.11

,75
64

258.69
291.83
248.68
243.08

40.5
39.3
40.1
40.9

38.6
37.9
37.1
38.6

38.9
38.5
33.2
38.1

6.30
6.96
6-16
6.20

6.76
7.52
6.52
6.41

314.38
451.97

322.41
479.21

4 0.6
45.1

41.6
45.7

42.2
4B.7

7.32
8.93

7.55
9.89

268.53
271.39
297.03
300.6*
301.25

278.32
266.42
326.30
303.51
313.98

283.35
272,22

39.2
38.5
39.6
40.2
40.1

39.3
39.0

301.80
316. 80

39.9
40.4
39.6
40.3
40.6

39.4
43.0

6.73
6.73
7.50
7.46
7.42

7.10
6.92
8.24
7.55
7.83

TEXAS
Dallas—Fort Worth
Houston
San Antonio

339.89
315.65
421.41
241.90

347.44
335.76
431.81
244.09

346.98
337.39
433.47
244.45

41.5
41.1
43.4
41.0

40.4
43.6
41.6
38.5

40.3
40.6
41.6
39.3

8.19
7.68
9.71
5.90

8.27
10.38
6.34

UTAH
Salt Lake City—Ogden

311.63

297.2 6

323.33
323.59

327.08
321.48

39.8
39-9

38.4
38.8

38.3
33.5

7.83
7.45

8.42
8.34

VERMONT
Burlington
Springfield

270.86
295.39
303.28

285.57
319.60
312.76

292.82
334. 15
312.80

3 9.6
4 0-8
40.6

33.8
40.1
38.9

39.2
40.8
39.1

6.84
7.24
7.47

7.36
7.97

VIRGINIA
Bristol
Lynchburg
Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth . . .
Northern Virginia \
Petersburg—Colonial Heights—Hopewell
Richmond
Roanoke

275.52
224.53
274.5 9
292.03
299.55
352.80
345.84
247.0 2

283.71
244.69
242.56
308.04
298.35
394.79
360.06
252.50

284.06
238.38
260.59
324.02
313.62
378.30
358.16
249.31

39.7
37.5
40.1
40.9
39.9
40.0
39.3
38.9

38.6
37.3
34.8
40.8
33.3
40.7
38.8
33.2

38.7
37.6
36.6
42. 3
39. 4
39. 0
39. 1
39. 2

6.94
5.99
6.85
7.14
7.51
8.82
8.80
6.35

7.35
6.56
6.97
7.55
7.79
9.70
9.28
6.61

WASHINGTON
Seattle—Everett

405.50
421. 79

38.4
39.2

(*)
(*)

(*)
(*)

10.56
10.76

WESTVIRGINIA
Charleston
Huntington—Ashland
Parkersburg—Marietta
Wheeling

347.60
429.93
393.23
361.82
380.81

358.52
433.13
381.22
412.29
385.88

358.52
435.72
392.77
424.09
387.62

39.5
43.6
38.9
40.7
3 8.7

38.1
41.2
35.2
40.5
37.5

38.1
41.3
36-2
41.7
37.2

10-11

WISCONSIN
Appleton—Oshkosh
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville—Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee

Racine

348.06
351.48
348.59
369.9 3
359.18
385.26
313.93
338.54
390.3 1
377.54

372.57
365.22
353.96
409.18
388.19
499.45
329.35
372.98
414.93
402.37

3 6 6 . 15
362.39
357.29
397.97
352.41
492.20
331.35
360.05
415.17
362.26

39.9
41.6
41.0
42.5
38.9
39.3
40.4
40.0
39.8
40.0

43.0
41.1
43.3
42.6
39.0
42.3
37.6
40.5
39.7
3 9.6

39.6
40.7
39.9
42.5
38.9
41.8
33.2
39.8
39.5
37.6

8.73
8.45
8.49
8.71
9.23
9-81
7-77
8.47
9-80
9.44

10.45
10.17

WYOMING

328.45

323.38

316.40

40.4

38.0

37.4

8.13

8.51

PENNSYLVANIA-Contlnued
Lancaster
Northeast Pennsylvania
Philadelphia SMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Williamsport
York

(*»
(*>

(*>

(*>

(*)

8.80

9.86
8.89
9-84

8.60

8.04

(*>
(*)
9.41
10.44
10.83
10.18
10.29

9.31
8.88
8.78

9.61
9.96
11.81
8.75

9.22

See footnotes at end of table.




127

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE A N D A R E A H O U R S A N D

EARNINGS

C-12. Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by State and selected areas—Continued

VIRGIN ISLANDS

AU3.
1981

J3LY
1982

AUG.
1982P

$360.14

$408.35

$404.26

1
Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Area: Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester Counties, New Jersey.
2
Subarea of New York—Northeastern New Jersey.
3
Subarea of Rochester Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
4
Area included in New York and Nassau—Suffolk combined SMSA's.
5
Subarea of New York Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
8
Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Area: Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia Counties,
Pennsylvania.

128




Average hourly earnings

Average weekly hours

Average weekly earnings
State and area

AUG.
1981
41.3

JULY
1982
41.5

AUG.
1982P
41.0

AUG.
1981

JULY
1982

$8.72

$9.84

AUG.
1982P
$9.86

7
Subarea of Washington, D.C. Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area: Alex­
andria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas, and Manassas Park cities, and Arl­
ington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William Counties, Virginia.
p = preliminary.
*Not available.

SOURCE:

Cooperating

State

agencies

listed

on

inside

back

cover.

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT
D-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployment
Percent of
labor force

JUL.
1982

AUG.
1982P

1 ,657.6
377.3
141.9
189.8
120.4
53.6

1 ,704.
383.

1 ,690.0
383.6
148.0
190.3
121.5
54.0

202.6

212.4

AUG.
1981

ALABAMA . . . .
Birmingham.
Huntsville . .
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa •
ALASKA

193.
122.

210.2

AUG.
1981

JUL.
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JUL.
1982

AUG.
1982P

174.7
42. 1
14.1
18.2
11.2
5.2

250.2
52.9
19.6
27.9
14.7
6.6

239 .
55.
16.
27.
14.
6.

10.5
11.1
9.9
9.6
9.3
9.6

14.7
13.8
13.1
14.4
12.0
12.2

14.2
14.6
11.4
14.3
12.1
12.0

16. 1

18.7

17.6

7.9

8.3

8.4

ARIZONA .
Phoenix
Tucson . .

1 ,240. 1
757.4
225.0

1,311.5
793.3
238.0

1 ,317.4
795.9
239.5

75.0
37.4
11.3

144.7
66.6
24.5

149.5
68.7
25.1

6.0
4.9
5.0

I 1 .0
8.4
10.3

11.3
8.6
10.5

ARKANSAS
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith1
Little Rock—North Little Rock .
Pine Bluff

1 ,042.0
80.9
89.3
200.4
41.2

1,026.6
80.2
87.2
197.5
40.3

1 ,031.5
80.6
85.9
198.8
40.3

88.2
4.4
7.4
15.4
4.1

97.8
5.7
9.6
15.9
4.4

100.4
6.2
9. 1
16.1
4.4

8.5
5.4
8.3
7 .7
10. 1

9.5
7 .1
I I .0
8.0
10.8

9.7
7.7
10.6
8.1
11.0

LI ,927 .7
1 ,174.0
199. 1
294.1
3,799
146
248
598
498
140
799.2
1 ,688.7
798.3
154.7
141.4
178. 1
134.8

12,336.3
1,218.0
210.1
304.1
3,850.0
149.3
266.2
643.3
516.7
148.1
828.6
1 ,766.9
831 .6
162.2
146.8
185.8
142. 1

12,303.5
1 ,223. 1
209.8
310.9
3,778.0
151 .8
268.6
640.6
521 .4
147.4
832.2
1,771.
836.
161.
148.
185.
142.

820.8
52.5
14.9
24.3
248.0
15.7
20.
52.
39.
10.
54.
101 .
46.
9.
10.3
16.6
9.9

1 ,316,
95,
26,
38,
399.
26,
31 . 0
87.4
61.8
14.0
91 . 2
156.
67.
13.
16.
29.
15.

|1 , 2 4 9 . 5
96.6
26.5
38.2
343.0
22.8
34.9
90. 1
58.8
13.7
91 . 3
156.7
65.6
12.9
15.8
25.6
16.0

6.9
4.5
7 .5
8.3
6.5
10.7
8.3
8.8
7.9
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8
5.9
7.3
9.3
7.3

10.7
7 .8
12.4
12.7
10.4
17.7
11.6
13.6
12.0
9.5
I 1 .0
8.8
8.1
8.3
II .0
15.7
11 . 0

10,
7 .
12.
12,
9.
15,
13.0
14.1

7.2
6.4

CALIFORNIA2
Anaheim—Santa Ana—Garden Grove . .
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles—Long Beach2
Modesto
Oxnard—Simi Valley—Ventura
Riverside—San Bernardino—Ontario . .
Sacramento
Salinas—Seaside—Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco—Oakland
San Jose
Santa Barbara—Santa Maria—Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton
Vallejo—Fairfield —Napa
COLORADO
Denver—Boulder

1 ,541 .2
911.5

, 588.
935.

1,590.8
940.1

76.4
42.6

116.2
59.3

114.1
59.9

5 .0
4.7

7.3
6.3

CONNECTICUT
Bridgeport
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven—West Haven .
Stamford
Waterbury

1 ,586.7
190.9
383.3
73.4
196.5
123.6
107.3

1,625.7
195.4
394.6
73.5
202.0
126.8
111.0

1 ,598.4
195.0
386.2
72.1
199,
124
109

98.
11 .
22.
5.
13.1
4.7

114.
15.
26.
7,
13.
4.
10.

105.2
14.5
24.5
6.7
12.8
4.4
8.9

6 .2
6. 1
6.0
8.0
6.7
3.8
7.2

7 1
7 .8
6.7
9.7
6.9
3.8
9.0

296.5
258. 1

306.9
263.7

304.4
262.0

26.5
25 .0

25.3
21 . 9

30.5
29.0

9.0
9.7

8.3
8.3

10.0
11.1

334.1
1,736.4

32.3
90.5

39.8
111.6

37.2
104.9

10.2
5.3

1 1 .8
6.4

11.1
6.0

308
6.
25.
5.
3.
20.
22.
9.8
53.9
25.7
7 .0
3.6
3.7
40.3
20.8

364.9
6.3
31.5
7.0
3.3
24.4
26.3
10.2
65.3
24.8
7.6
6.0
3.8
51.3
24.6

378.7
6.7
33
7
3
23
27
10
68
24

6.7
5 .9
5.2
5.5
4.3
5.9
15.1
7.6

7 .5
5.4
6.2
7.0
3.9
6.6
17.8
7 .7
7.4
6.3
5 .8
6.8
4 .2
6.7
8. 5

7.8
6.0
6.5
7.5
4.0
6.3
18.5
7.6
7 .7
6.3
6.6
7.3
5 .0
7.1
8.5

DELAWARE .
Wilmington'
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Washington SMSA' . . .

317.3
1,704.7

3 37.6
1,749.0

FLORIDA2
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood.. .
Fort Myers—Cape Coral
Gainsville
Jacksonville
Lakeland—Winter Haven
Melbourne—Titusville—Cocoa .
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola.
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa—St. Petersburg
West Palm Beach—Boca Raton

4,602.7
112.3
491 .7
92.0
80. 1
3 44.9
6
14
6
12
836.8
383.5
123.8
81 . 0
87.8
703.3
275.6

4,853.6
1 15.5
509.7
100.0
83.6
370. 1
148.1
132.5
877.7
392 .6
130.4
87.9
9 0.0
761 .5
288.5

See footnotes at end of table.




1 13.
510.
101 .
83.
370.
149.
132.6
881 .7
393.4
131.0
86.7
93.0
761 . 1
288.0

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
D-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas —Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Unemployment
Labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number
State and area

AUG.
1981

JUL.
1982

AUG.
1982P

1981

JUL.
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JUL.
1982

AUG.
1982P

157.7 1
4.2 1
59.0
8.6
7 .0
6.4
5.3

218.6
6.5
70.9
12.3
9.0
7 .5
7.6

200.1
5.1
68. 1
12.5
8.6
7.2
7.6

6.0
7 .8
5.5
6.6
7.7
6.0
5.6

8.1
11.6
6.4
8.9
9.9
6.8
7.7

7.4
9.2
6.1
9.0
9.5
6.6
7.6

AUG.

2,610.1
54.1
1 ,065.4
130.4
89.9
107.5
95.7

2,691 .8
56.2
1,114.7
138 . 5
91 . 1
1 10 . 2
99.5

2,694.3
55.7
1,117.3
139 . 0
90.8
110.4
99.5

HAWAII
Honolulu

454.2
348.9

458.3
350.4

455.4
347.7

24.6
17.5

34.9
24.6

34.7
24.2

5.4
5.0

7.6
7.0

7.6
7.0

IDAHO
Boise City

436.2
88.9

444.1
91 . 4

444.8
90.9

29.4
4.8

40. 1
6.0

39.7
5.9

6.7
5.4

9.0
6.6

8.9
6.4

ILLINOIS2
Bloomington —Normal
Champaign — Urbana—Rantoul . .
Chicago
Davenport—Rock Island —Moline1
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

5,662 .2
61.1
82.2
3,565. 1
192.0
62.9
42.1
177.2
137.4
105.0

5,758.8
60.7
85.6
3,611.7
196.0
65.0
44.2
181.3
140.6
103.0

5,717.5
62.5
83.6
3,600.5
191 .0
64.6
43.4
177.8
140.2
107.5

457.0
3.5
4.6
283.2
17.0
6.2
4.9
12.5
12.5
6 .2

701.8
5.0
7 .0
410.2
30.0
10.9
7 .7
29.4
27.2
7.6

651 .1
5.6
6.6
380.8
26.8
12.8
7 .1
26.7
25.9
7.2

8. 1
5.8
5.6
7.9
8.9
9.9
11.6
7.0
9.1
5.9

12.2
8.3
8.1
11.4
15.3
16.7
17, 4
16.2
19.3
7.4

11.4
9.0
7 .9
10.6
14.0
19.9
16.3
15.0
18.5
6.7

INDIANA
Anderson
Elkhart
Evansville1
Fort Wayne
Gary—Hammond —East Chicago.
Indianapolis
Lafayette—West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute

2,600.1
54.8
66.8
149.0
193.0
295.9
613.7
59.2
55.5
133.5
77.2

2,563.8
53.9
65.9
147.0
187.9
295.0
605.1
60.0
53.8
133.5
75.2

2 ,561 .7
53.0
65.9
146.1
188.2
295.0
608.2
59.8
53.8
132.3
73.7

236.3
6.2
5.3
11.6
15.9
31 . 8
50.1
3.6
6.4
10.8
6.8

292.4
7.3
6.5
12.7
22.0
45.7
54.8
5. 1
7.3
13.8
8.7

283.2
7.2
6.5
11.7
20.9
44.3
55.6
5.2
7.2
12.2
8.5

9.1
11.3
7.9
7.8
8.2
10.8
8.2
6.2
11.6
8.1
8.9

11.4
13.5
9.9
8.6
11.7
15.5
9. 1
8.5
13.5
10.4
11.5

11.1
13.5
9.9
8.0
11.1
15.0
9.1
8.8
13.3
9.3
11.5

1 ,424 .5
86.2
179.6
44.3
5 4.2
67.3

1,410.0
82.7
176. 1
42.8
54.0
65.3

1 ,369.6
80.7
171 .7
41.5
53. 1
63.4

94.7
6.8
12.6
4.1
4.1
5.7

122.5
9.5
14.6
6.5
4.9
7.8

113.0
8.8
14.5
6. 1
4.6
7.0

6.6
7.9
7.0
9.3
7 .5
8.5

8.7
1 1 .5
8.3
15.1
9.1
11.9

8.3
10.9
8.5
14.7
8.7
11.1

KANSAS
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1 , 1 9 1.9
33.5
95.6
229 . 6

1,167.1
31.5
92.9
222.0

1 ,169.7
32.5
93.2
224.0

48.4
1 .5
5. 1
10. 1

74.9
1 .8
6. 1
20.5

4.1
4.6

6.4
5 .8
6.6
9.2

7 .1
5.5
1 6.8
| 1 1 .5

KENTUCKY
Lexington —Fayette
Louisville1
Owensboro

1,666.2
179.6
437 . 7
4 4.4

1 ,648.9
180.0
431 .0
40. 1

1,675.4
182.5
436.0
41.2

128.6
7 .8
40.4
2.9

187.0
13.2
50.3
3 .8

181.0
12.4
50.6
3.8

7.7
4.4
9.2
6.5

11.3
7.3
11.7
9.4

10.8
6.8
1 1 .6
9.2

LOUISIANA
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1 ,871 .6
74.1
229.0
92.9
82.1
55.8
518 . 8
164.0

1 ,900.8
74.0
225.9
99.4
79.7
55.9 1
516.3 1
161.5

1 ,907.2
74.6
226 .7
100.0
79.2
55.6
513.5
162.8

152.4
7 .9
18.4
3 .8
6.9
5.8
40.4
13.1

215.9
9.0
23.5
5.9
12.5
7.9
53.7
16.5

207 . 1
8.3
22.4
5.9
12.2
7 .4
50.0
16.8

8. 1
10.7
8. 1
4.0
8.3
10.4
7.8
8.0

11.4
12.2
10.4
5.9
I 15.6
| 14.2
10.4
10.2.

10.9
11.2
9.9
5.9
15.4
13.3
9.7
10.3

527.6
33.2
9 1.1

540.9
38.9 1
96. 1

538.5
38.2
94.6

31.8
2 .6
4 .6

52.6
5.8
6.8

41.1
3.4
5 .4

6.0
6.7
5. 1

9.7
14.9
7. 1

7.6
8.9
5.7

2,201.6
1 ,089.9

15 4 . 9
89.2

192.8
111.7

190.8
110.0

7 .2
8.4

8.7
10. 1

8.7
10. 1

GEORGIA
Albany
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus1
Macon
Savannah

IOWA
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City1
Waterloo—Cedar Falls

j

1
I
|
1

MAINE
Lewiston—Auburn.
Portland
MARYLAND
Baltimore
See footnotes at end of table

130




1

2 , 159. 5
1 , 0 6 5 .0

2,223.9
1 , 108. 3

83. 1
1 .8
6.4 I
25.8

5
*3
4.4

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
D-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued

Unemployment
Labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number
State and area
AUG.
1981

JUL,
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JUL.
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JUL.
1982

AUG.
1982P

MASSACHUSETTS2
Boston
Brockton
Fall Rivers
Lawrence—Haverhill1
Lowell
New Bedford
Springfield—Chicopee—Holyoke
Worcester

3,026.7
1 ,459.1
83.9
75.6
151.5
131.5
87.2
282.9
202.7

3,108.1
1,485.5
84.4
74.4
153.1
134.6
90.3
299.7
213.1

3,124.3
1 ,502.9
8 4.4
78.5
151.9
136.6
88.5
299.3
210.6

217.3
100.5
7.6
6.2
10.6
9.4
7.5
19.7
13.6

299.2
120.9
9.8
10.4
18.2
11.5
14.0
28.3
24.1

238.4
101.7
7.9
7.9
13.3
9.3
10.0
22.3
19.2

7.2
6.9
9.0
8.2
7.0
7.2
8.6
7.0
6.7

9.6
8. 1
11.6
14.0
11.9
8.5
15.5
9.4
11.3

7.6
6.8
9.3
10.1
8.8
6.8
11.3
7.4
9.1

MICHIGAN2
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Bay City
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids

4,382.4
143.3
82.1
54.5
2,017.4
232.5
329.8
67.8
139.9
258.2
80.2
104.6

4,405.6
145.9
86.7
55.8
2,016.6
230.7
338.9
68.8
142.2
248.8
83.2
104.9

4,378.8
146.0
84.8
55.9
2,008.7
226.5
336.6
67.5
141.6
249.2
83.2
104.4

483.2
10.8
7.6
6.0
231.7
36.7
25.8
6.4
10.5
37.9
8.5
13.0

648.3
15.7
15.4
7.3
306.8
41.0
39. 1
11.2
14.9
30.8
14.2
15.9

637.0
16.7
13.2
7 .6
304.5
39.6
35.9
10.5
14.4
33.7
14.5
15.4

11.0
7.6
9.2
11.1
11.5
15.8
7.8
9.4
7.5
14.7
10.6
12.4

14.7
10.7
17 . 8
13.1
15.2
17.8
11 .5
16.3
10.5
12.4
17.0
15.2

14.5
11.4
15.5
13.5
15.2
17 . 5
10.7
15.5
10.2
13.5
17 .4
14.8

MINNESOTA
Duluth—Superior1
Minneapolis—St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,162.3
113.8
1 ,147.6
58.2
74.6

2,184.4
114.5
1,149.2
58.4
77.9

2 , 181 .4
1 15.4
1,157.0
58.7
77.6

98.9
7.2
47.0
2.1
4.2

160.3
21.8
71.9
3.0
6.7

159.9
22.5
74.0
3.0
6.7

4.6
6.3
4.1
3.7
5.7

7.3
19.0
6.3
5.2
8.6

7.3
19.5
6.4
5.1
8.6

MISSISSIPPI

1,047.8
159.6

1 ,063.8
159.0

1,052.3
158.4

85.2
9.8

131.0
13.8

131.9
13.8

8.1
6.1

12.3
8.7

12.5
8.7

MISSOURI
Kansas City1
St. Joseph
St. Louis1
Springfield

2,327.0
691 .7
44.7
1,126.7
107.2

2,375.4
682.4
45.3
1 ,148.8
110.8

2,349.2
677.6
44.6
1 ,137 .2
109.2

174.5
47. 1
3.7
94.3
5.6

213.9
52.8
4.4
112.2
9.0

210.6
56.8
4.5
108.1
7.5

7.5
6.8
8.2
8.4
5.2

9.0
7.7
9.6
9.8
8. 1

9.0
8.4
10.1
9.5
6.9

Lansing—East Lansing
Muskegon—Norton Shores—Muskegon Heights
Saginaw

MONTANA
Billings
Great Falls

399.8
58.6
35.1

387.8
59.8
35.6

389.4
60.2
35.7

24.3
2.8
2.6

32.9
4.1
3.0

30. 1
3.7
2.8

6. 1
4.7
7 .3

8.5
6.8
8.3

7.7
6.2
7.9

NEBRASKA

781 .0
110.0
281 .3

799.4
109. 1
284.0

781 .3
108.8
278.7

28.2
3.9
14.9

46.8
5.6
20.7

43.3
5 .5
18.4

3.6
3.6
5.3

5.8
5.1
7.3

5.5
5.0
6.6

NEVADA
Las Vegas
Reno

472.3
261.3
129.3

489.6
271 .0
134.9

490.2
271.5
134.5

28. 1
18.3
5.6

48.4
30.2

10.4

50. 1
31.3
10.7

6.0
7.0
4.3

9.9
11.1
7.7

10.2
11.5
8.0

NEW HAMPSHIRE
Manchester
Nashua

492.4
84.0
84.3

502. 1
88. 1
84.2

491 .4
84.2
83.3

2 2.-1
4.4
4.1

45.6
10.5
6.3

31.7
5.7
5.5

4.5
5.2
4.9

9.1
12.0
7 .5

6.5
6.8
6.6

236.2
7 .6
23.2
15.6
21 .6
68. 1
16.6
8.0
5 .8

311.9
10. 1
31.4
20.2
28.7
80.2
24.2
13.1
9.3

320.2
10.4
31.4
20.5
2 9.3
87.0
24.0
13.1
9. 1

6.6
6.3
9.7
6.3
6.6
7. 1
8. 1
5.2
9.7

8.4
7 .9
12.6
7 .7
8.4
8.0
11.3
8.1
15.3

8.7
8.2
12.8
7.9
8.7
8.8
11.5
8.3
15.0

39.0
15.0
2.5

59.8
19.3
4.2

60.6
19.0
4.2

6.7
7.0
7 .3

10.0
8.8
11.1

10. 1
8.6
11.0

Omaha

1

NEW JERSEY
Atlantic City
Jersey City
Long Branch—Asbury Park
New Brunswick—Perth Amboy—Sayreville
Newark
Trenton
Vineland—Millville—Bridgeton
NEW MEXICO

3,574.1
120.4
239.3
247.2
327 .2
952.3
205.6
155.2
59.4

3,711.1
128.2
248.5
263.3
340.7
996.8
214.2
161.7
60.6

3,660.1
126.4
245.9
258.8
336.6
989. 5
209.6
158.2
61 .0

578.5
213.1
34.2

596.5
218.7
37.4

602. 1
220.5
37 . 9

See footnotes at end of table.




131

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
D-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
jNumbers in thousands)
Unemployment
Percent of
labor force
AUG.
1981
NEW YORK2
Albany—Schenectady—Troy
Binghamton 1
Buffalo
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City2
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica—Rome
NORTH CAROLINA
Asheville
Charlotte—Gastonia
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Raleigh—Durham
NORTH DAKOTA
Fargo—Moorehead1

JU1 .
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JUL.
1982

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JUL.
1982

096.7
385.6
141.5
577.7
40.1
347.8
642.2
009.0
113.1
481.8
303.4
138.0

8,243.9
385.1
145.8
569.5
40.1
1 ,377.8
3,738.7
3,095.0
116.8
492.0
305.2
140.7

8, 160.
386.
145.
567.
39.
1 ,376.
3,658,
3,019.
118,
491 ,
303,
139,

571,
21
8,
58,
2,
81
271
242
5
27
19
9

699.8
26.3
11.1
70.8
5.0
89.9
333.7
301.0
6.4
34.4
24.4
12.8

684.7
24.2
10.0
67.1
4.1
80.8
353.8
322.0
6.1
3 0.9
21.7
10.8

6.1 .
7 .5
8.1
5.1
5.6
6.3
6.8

2,945.5
92.5
374.4
448.5
308.0

2,988.7
93.9
381.7
454.1
314.4

2,964.2
93.2
379.8
452.6
314.8

179.5
5.3
18.8
26.1
11.4

292.7
7.0
29.0
36.4
13.7

266.7
7.0
28.1
37.5
14.0

6.1
5.7
5.0
5.8
3.7

9.8
7 .5
7.6
8.0
4.4

339.2
72.2

333.4
72.1

333.2
71 . 9

14.0
3.6

15.4
3.4

15.7
3.4

4.1
5.0

4.8

486.6
30.1
17.4
59.1
79.7
44.7
33.8
39.9
27.4

644.0
37.6
29. 1
74.2
102.9
52.8
4-4.5
47.2
44.4

656.9
37.6
28.8
72.6
105.4
53.6
45.5
45.2
51.6

9.4
9.8
9.1
8.7
8.4

2

307.0
191 .8
683.6
947.5
569.2
392.7
370.7
234.5

5,260.5
310.8
201.7
696.7
958.8
581 .1
401.3
374.3
243.4

5,234.
310.
199.
694,
953.
580.
399.
371,
246.

OKLAHOMA
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1 ,444.9
30.3
33.7
446.9
360.8

1,494.9
29 . 7
35.2
467.2
369.5

1 ,474.3
29.3
33.5
463.1
365.9

44,
1 ,
13,
10

91.
1.
2.
23.
25.

OREGON
Eugene—Springfield
Portland1
Salem

1,338. 1
138.9
654.0
129 . 8

1,311.
130.
652.
130.

1 ,300.8
129.9
642.8
131.4

122,
15,
50.8
9.5

135.
15.
62.
10.8

131,
14,
61,
10,

9. 1
10.9
7.8
7.3

PENNSYLVANIA2
Allentown—Bethlehem—Easton 1
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg
Johnstown
Lancaster
Northeast Pennsylvania
Philadelphia1
Pittsburgh
Reading
Williamsport
York

5,582.5
318.0
59.7
126.6
242.5
107.9
189.0
295.2
2,224.9
1 ,052.5
158.8
54.2
183.7

5,585.0
315
58.
127.
247.
109.
189.
291 .
2,217 .
1,054.
160.
53,
185.

5,593.4
319.6
59.4
127.3
247.6
108.3
190.5
294.0
2,206.7
1 ,058.4
160.8
53.4
186.7

432.
24.
6.
11.
13.
11.
9.
27.
168.
67.
1 1 .
5.
13.

596.
31.
5.
15.
15.
IS
14.
33.
186.8
130.2
15.8
6.3
21 .0

574,
35,
14
13
15
12
27
179
132
13.7
5.8
21 .0

7.7
7.5
10.7
9.0
5.6
10.9
4.9
9.4
7.6
6.4
7.2
10.7
7.3

10.7
10.1
9.4
12.0
6.4
17.2
7 .4
11.5
8.4
12.3
9.9
11.9
11.3

483.8
477.0

478.3
470.6

486. 1
478.4

37.9
38.3

49.9
52.2

46.2
47.6

7 .8
8.0

10.4
11.1

1 ,492.2
184.0
193.6
298.6

1 ,483.8
181 . 9
193.8
295.4

115.9
13.4
12.1
20.5

175.2
17.0
16.2
33.5

167.7
16.0
15.7
32.7

8. 1
7.8
6.6
7 .2

11.7
9.3
8.4
11.2

336.
62.

334.
62.

15.
2.

14.
2.

4.4
4.4

4.5
3.8

OHIO
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati 1
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton
Toledo1
Youngstown—Warren

RHODE ISLAND
Providence—Warwick—Pawtucket1
SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston—North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville—Spartanburg
SOUTH DAKOTA
Sioux Falls
TENNESSEE

Chattanooga1
Knoxville
Memphis1
Nashville—Davidson

See footnotes at end of table.

132




1 ,425.3
171.7
184. 1
283.0
346.3
61 .8
2,111.4
198.3
227 .8
411.1
430.6

,115.0
205.7
231.8
407.0
421.7

,120.2
203.3
231.5
407.8
427 .9

178.
15.
16.
35.
28.

15.3
2.4
246.8
25. 1
18.5
39.0
36.2

82.8
1 .6
1.6
20.8
23.3

234.
22.
17.
38.
35.

10.8
11.7

12.2
12.1
14.4
10.6
10.7
9.1
11.1
12.6
18.2

3. 1
2.9
3.6
2.9
3.0

8.4
7 .9
7.1
8.6
6.6

11.7
12.2
1 8.0
9.6
8.6

STATE AND AREA UNEMPLOYMENT DATA
0-1. Labor force and unemployment by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployment
Percent of
labor force
AUG.
1981
TEXAS8
Dallas—Fort Worth

7,092.3
1,668.3
1 ,681 .9
460.6

Houston
San Antonio

7,393.7
1,754.8
1,754.7
476.3

644.7
423.8

UTAH
Salt Lake City—Ogden

668.
435.

AUG.
1982P

AUG.
1981

JUL.
1982

518.
104.
122.
34.

5.8
5.3
4.9
7.4

7.3
6.3
7.1
8.0

7.0
6.0
7 .0
7.3

50,
32,

6.1
6.2

7 .5
7 .2

7 .5
7 .3

AUG.
1981

JUL.
1982

AUG.
1982P

7,373.7
1 ,759.2
1 ,750.2
471.6

408.0
89.2
81.7
34.1

542.4
110.2
125.3
38.1

674.1
439.4

39.5
26.3

50.1
31 .2

AUG.
1982P

JUL.
1982

6.9

272.5

273.7

13.7

18.9

VIRGINIA
Lynchburg
Newport News—Hampton
Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth 1 ..
Petersburg—Colonial Heights—Hopewell
Richmond
Roanoke

2,613
74
169
339
57
332
111

2,661.7
76.0
►173.9
343.8
59.3
341.5
112.9

2,641.3
75.4
173.8
341.1
59.4
339.0
112.0

148.3
4.0
10.2
21.2
4.6
14.0
6.2

202.4
6.3
11.0
24.7
5.2
20.1
9.1

WASHINGTON
Seattle—Everett
Spokane
Tacoma

1 ,984.4
861.8
148.0
177.5

1,997.5
875.6
147.9
181.5

2,005.2
880.0
148.6
183.2

183.6
67.2
13.9
17.0

243.8
96.7
18.5
23.0

240. 1
94.8
18.3
22.8

9.3
7.8.
9.4
9.6

12.2
11 . 0
12.5
12.7

12.0
10.8
12.3
12.5

774.4
126.7
127.4
73.8
83. 1

793.3
127.2
128.5
76.0
84.2

791 .3
128.2
129.2
75.5
85.1

69.5
9.6
12.1
6.0
6.7

108
11
19
10
1 1

107.6
12.5
18.3
9.4
11.6

9.0
7.6
9.5
8.2
8. 1

13.7
9.4
15.2
13.5
13.1

13.6
9.7
14.1
12.5
13.7

,395.9
149.5
57.2
92.1
72.9
58.6
48.3
184.5
718.7
86.4

2,472.
153.
59.
95.
74.
60.
50.1
191.6
740.1
87.4

2 ,476.7
154.3
59.9
97.0
73.5
60.7
50.3
192.1
744.8
87.3

168.0
10.1
3.8
6
9
4
3
9
50

253.5
15.1
5.3
9.2
10.5
5.5
4.3
12.8
77.6
12.2

256
14
6
8
14
5
4
12
81
12

7.0
6.7
6.7
7. 1
13. 1
7.8
7 .0
5.1
7.0
9.5

10.3
9.9
8.8
9.6
14.1
9.1
8.5
6.7
10.5
13.9

10.4
9.6
10.2
9.2
19.3
8.9
8.4
6.6
10.9

260.8

263.4

258.8

9.0

14.7

3.4

5.6

VERMONT

WEST VIRGINIA

Charleston

Huntington—Ashland 1
Parkersburg—Marietta1
Wheeling1
WISCONSIN
Appleton—Oshkosh
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janeville—Beloit
Kenosha
LaCrosse
Madison

Milwaukee
Racine
WYOMING
1

7.3
8.6
10
24
5
19
7

7. 1
8.7

1ncludes interstate portion of area located in adjacent State.
2
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. (See "Explanatory
Notes" for State and Area Unemployment Data in Employment and Earnings, monthly.)

becomes available. Data refer to place of residence.
p = preliminary.
N.A. = not available.

NOTE: Estimates for 1981 have been benchmarked to 1981 Current Population Survey
annual averages. Except in the 10 States and 2 areas designated by footnote 2,
estimates for 1982 are provisional and will be revised when new benchmark information

SOURCE: Current Population Survey and Cooperating State Employment Security
Agencies listed on inside back cover.




Labor force and unemployment estimates for counties, cities, and other small areas have been prepared for
administration of various Federal economic assistance programs and may be ordered from the Superinten­
dent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. The report "Employment and
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133

Now available from
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Wage Surveys
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IndutteyWySurvy:
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Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two major
sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from a sample
survey of the population 16 years of age and over. The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the labor force,
the employed, and the unemployed, including such characteristics as
age, sex, race, family relationship, marital status, occupation, and industry attachment. The survey also provides data on the characteristics and past work experience of those not in the labor force.
The information is collected by trained interviewers from a sample of about 60,000 households, representing 629 areas in 1,148 counties and independent cities, with coverage in 50 States and the District
of Columbia. The data collected are based on the activity or status
reported for the calendar week including the 12th of the month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each month from
mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation
with State agencies. The establishment survey is designed to provide
industry information on nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly earnings, and average
weekly earnings for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The
employment, hours, and earnings series are based on payroll reports
from a sample of establishments employing over 30 million
nonagricultural wage and salary workers. The data relate to all
workers, full- or part-time, who received pay during the payroll period
which includes the 12th day of the month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND ESTABLISH­
MENT SERIES
The household and establishment data supplement one another,
each providing significant types of information that the other cannot
suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily
obtained only from the household survey whereas detailed industrial
classifications can be reliably derived only from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other because of differences in definitions and coverage, sources of information, methods
of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and
response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major
factors which have a differential effect on levels and trends of the two
series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. T^he household survey definition of employment comprises
wage and salary workers (including domestics and other private
household workers), self-employed persons, and unpaid workers who
worked 15 hours or more during the survey week in family-operated
enterprises. Employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary
employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural establishments.
Multiple jobholding. Jhc household approach provides information
on the work status of the population without duplication, since each




person is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor
force. Employed persons holding more than one job are counted only
once and are classified according to the job at which they worked the
greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the figures based
on establishment reports, persons who worked in more than one
establishment during the reporting period are counted each time their
names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. T^he household survey includes among the
employed all persons who had jobs but were not at work during the
survey week—that is, were not working but had jobs from which they
were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation,
labor-management dispute, or because they were taking time off for
various other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers
for the time off. In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on
leave paid for by the company are included, but not those on leave
without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences between
household and establishment survey employment data, see Gloria P.
Green's article "Comparing Employment Estimates from Household
and Payroll Surveys,'' Monthly Labor Review, December 1969.
Hours of work
The household survey measures hours actually worked whereas the
payroll survey measures hours paid for by employers. In the
household survey data, all persons with a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average
hours. In the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory employees
on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and
assigned the number of hours for which they, were paid during the
reporting period.
Earnings
The household survey measures median earnings of wage and salary
workers in all occupations and industries in both the private and
public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings received from the
worker's sole or primary job. Data from the establishment survey
generally refer to mean earnings of production and related workers in
mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and
nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries. For
a comprehensive discussion of the household survey earnings series,
see "Technical Description of the Quarterly Data on Weekly Earnings
from the Current Population Survey," BLS Bulletin 2113.
COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA WITH OTHER
SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. Jhe unemployed total from the
household survey includes all persons who did not have a job at all
during the survey week and were looking for work or were waiting to
be called back to a job from which they had been laid off. whether or
not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures on
unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the Employment and
Training Administration of the Department of Labor, exclude persons

135

who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have not
earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons losing jobs not
covered by unemployment insurance systems (some workers in
agriculture, domestic services, and religious organizations, and self
employed and unpaid family workers). Beginning in January 1978,
coverage was extended to include domestic workers whose employers
paid $1,000 or more in wages in any calendar quarter, agricultural
employees whose employers engaged 10 or more workers in 20 weeks
or paid a total $20,000 or more in wages in any calendar quarter, and
almost all State and local government employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of unemployment used in the
household survey. For example, persons with a job but not at work
and persons working only a few hours during the week are sometimes
eligible for unemployment compensation but are classified as
employed rather than unemployed in the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences between State
insured unemployment and total unemployment, see "Measuring
Total and State Insured Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the
June 1971 issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of Agriculture.
The principal differences in coverage are the inclusion of persons
under 16 in the Statistical Research Service (SRS) series and the treatment of dual jobholders who are counted more than once if they work
on more than one farm during the reporting period. There are also
wide differences in sampling techniques and collecting and estimating
methods, which cannot be readily measured in terms of impact on differences in level and trend of the two series.
COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the Census. ^LS
establishment statistics on employment differ from employment

counts derived by the Bureau of Census from its censuses or annual
sample survey of manufacturing establishments and the censuses of
business establishments. The major reasons for some noncomparability are different treatment of business units considered parts of an
establishment, such as central administrative offices and auxiliary
units, the industrial classification of establishments, and different
reporting patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences
in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and financial
establishments, whereas these are included in the BLS statistics.
County Business Patterns, pata in County Business Patterns (CBP),
published by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS establishment statistics in the treatment of
central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may
also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices.
In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and government, and
coverage is incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities.

Employment covered by State unemployment insurance programs.
Most nonagricultural wage and salary workers are covered by the
unemployment insurance programs. Beginning in January 1972,
coverage was expanded to include employees of small firms and
selected nonprofit activities who had not been covered previously.
However, certain activities, such as interstate railroads, parochial
schools, and churches are not covered by unemployment insurance
whereas these are included in the BLS establishment statistics. Beginning in January 1978, coverage was extended to include domestic
workers whose employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in any calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or
more workers in 20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages
in any calendar quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.

Household Data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population, the personal,
occupational, and other characteristics of the employed, the
unemployed, and persons not in the labor force, and related data are
compiled for the BLS by the Bureau of the Census in its Current
Population Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the Current Population Survey, BLS Report 463. This report
is available from BLS upon request.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted with a
scientifically selected sample designed to represent the civilian
noninstitutional population. Respondents are interviewed to obtain
information about the employment status of each member of the
household 16 years of age and over. Separate statistics are also collected and published for 14- and 15-year-olds. The inquiry relates to
activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday,
which includes the 12th of the month. This is known as the survey
week. Actual field interviewing is conducted in the following week.
Inmates of institutions, members of the Armed Forces, and persons
under 14 years of age are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations and are excluded from the population and labor force statistics
shown in this report. Data on members of the Armed Forces, who are

136



included as part of the categories "total noninstitutional population"
and "total labor force," are, however, obtained from the Department
of Defense.
Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for interview.
About 2,500 of these households are visited but interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not at home after repeated calls or
are unavailable for other reasons. This represents a noninterview rate
for the survey of between 4 or 5 percent. In addition to the 60,000 occupied units, there are 11,000 sample units in an average month which
are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not to be enumerated.
Part of the sample is changed each month. The rotation plan provides
for three-fourths of the sample to be common from 1 month to the
next and one-half to be common with the same month a year earlier.
Beginning in September 1975, the sample was enlarged by 9,000
households in order to provide greater reliability for smaller States
and thus permit the publication of annual statistics for all 50 States
and the District of Columbia. These supplementary households were
added to the national 47,000 household sample in January 1978.
Over the period November 1978 to April 1979 the sample was again
enlarged by 9,000 households. These supplementary households were
added to the 56,000 household sample in January 1980.
Beginning in May 1981, the sample size was cut by about 6,000 occupied housing units. The reduction did not affect the ability to

publish reliable State and local estimates and had practically no effect
on the reliability of national estimates.
Beginning in January 1982, the sample was expanded by about 100
households in 15 counties. The expanded sample provides sufficient
coverage of counties added to 7 of the 30 largest SMSA's redefined in
1973. The additional sample had practically no effect on the reliability
of national or State estimates.
CONCEPTS
Employed persons comprise (a) all those who during the survey
week did any work at all as paid employees, in their own business,
profession, or farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid
workers in an enterprise operated by a member of the family, and (b)
all those who were not working but who had jobs or businesses from
which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management dispute, or personal reasons, whether or
not they were paid by their employers for the time off, and whether or
not they were seeking other jobs.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those who held more
than one job are counted in the job at which they worked the greatest
number of hours during the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries,
temporarily in the United States, who are not living on the premises of
an embassy.
Excluded are persons whose only activity consisted of work around
the house (such as home housework, and painting or repairing own
home) or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and similar
organizations.
Unemployed persons comprise all persons who did not work during
the survey week, who made specific efforts to find a job within the
past 4 weeks, and who were available for work during the survey week
(except for temporary illness). Also included as unemployed are those
who did not work at all, were available for work, and (a) were waiting
to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off; or (b)
were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job within 30 days.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of time (through
the current survey week) during which persons classified as
unemployed had been continuously looking for work. For persons on
layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number of full
weeks since the termination of their most recent employment. A
period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was employed or
ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the
present period of seeking work. Measurements of mean and median
duration are computed from a distribution of single weeks of
unemployment.
Unemployed persons by reasons for unemployment are divided into
four major groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking for work and persons
on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and immediately began looking
for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a fulltime job lasting 2 weeks or longer but were out of the labor force prior
to beginning to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who never
worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made specific efforts to
find a job, sometime during the 4-week period preceding the survey
week. Jobseekers do not include persons unemployed because they (a)
were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid
off or (b) were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job within 30
days. Jobseekers are grouped by the methods used to seek work, including going to a public or private employment agency or to an
employer directly, seeking assistance from friends or relatives, placing
or answering ads, or utilizing some "other" method. Examples of the
"other" category include being on a union or professional register,
obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a
designated pick-up point.
The civilian labor force comprises the total of all civilians classified
as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria described




above. The "total labor force" also includes members of the Armed
Forces stationed either in the United States or abroad.
The unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a
percent of the civilian labor force. This measure can also be computed
for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age, marital status,
race, occupation, industry, etc. The job-loser, job-leaver, reentrant,
and new entrant rates are each calculated as a percent of the civilian
labor force; the sum of the rates for the four groups thus equals the
total unemployment rate.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the noninstitutional
population that is in the labor force. Two types of participation rates
are published. The total labor force participation rate, which is the
ratio of the total labor force and the total noninstitutional population;
and the civilian labor force participation rate which is the ratio of the
civilian labor force and the civilian noninstitutional population. Participation rates are usually published for sex-age groups, often crossclassified by other demographic characteristics such as race and
educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of the total
noninstitutional population that is employed.
Not in labor force includes all civilians 16 years and over who are
not classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are further
classified as "engaged in own home housework," in school," "unable
to work" because of long-term physical or mental illness, and
"other." The "other" group includes for the most part retired persons, those reported as too old to work, the voluntarily idle, and
seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an "off" season
and who were not reported as unemployed. Persons doing only incidental unpaid family work (less than 15 hours) are also classified as
not in the labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous work experience, intentions to seek work again, desire for a job at the time of
interview, and reasons for not looking for work are compiled on a
quarterly basis. As of January 1970, the detailed questions for persons
not in the labor force are asked only in those households that are in
the fourth and eighth months of the sample, i.e., the "outgoing"
groups, those which had been in the sample for 3 previous months and
would not be in for the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969,
the detailed not-in-labor force questions were asked of persons in the
first and fifth months in the sample, i.e., the "incoming" groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed apply
to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two or more jobs are
classified in the job at which they worked the greatest number of
hours during the survey week. The unemployed are classified according to their last full-time civilian job lasting 2 weeks or more. The occupation and industry groups used in the CPS are defined as in the
1970 Census of Population. Information on the detailed categories included in these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies "wage and salary
workers," subdivided into private and government workers, "selfemployed workers," and "unpaid family workers." Wage and salary
workers receive wages, salary, commission, tips, or pay in kind from a
private employer or from a government unit. Self-employed persons
are those who work for profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons
working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a
business operated by a member of the household to whom they are
related by blood or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours worked during the survey week. For example, a person who normally
works 40 hours a week but who was off on the Columbus Day holiday
would be reported as working 32 hours even though he/she was paid
for the holiday.
For persons working in more than one job, the figures relate to the
number of hours worked in all jobs during the week. However, all the
hours are credited to the major job.

137

The distribution of employment by hours worked relates to persons
"at work" during the survey week. At work data differ from data on
total employment because the latter include persons in the zero-hours
worked category, "with a job but not at work." Included in this latter
group are persons who were on vacation, ill, involved in a labor
dispute, or otherwise absent from their jobs for voluntary,
noneconomic reasons.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more in the survey week are
designated as working "full time," correspondingly persons who
worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working "part
time." Part-time workers are classified by their usual status at their
present job (either full or part time) and by their reason for working
part time during the survey week (economic or other reasons).
"Economic reasons" include: Slack work, material shortages, repairs
to plant or equipment, start or termination of a job during the week,
and inability to find full-time work. "Other reasons" include: Labor
dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation, demands of home,
housework, school, no desire for full-time work, and full-time worker
only during the peak season. Persons on full-time schedules include,
in addition to those working 35 hours or more, those who worked
from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic reasons and usually work full
time.
The full-time labor force consists of persons working on full-time
schedules, persons involuntarily working part-time (part time for
economic reasons), and unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs.
The part-time labor force consists of persons working part time voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time work. Persons with a
job but not at work during the survey week are classified according to
whether they usually work full or part-time.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours lost to the
economy through unemployment and involuntary part-time employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available aggregate
hours. It is computed by assuming: (1) That unemployed persons
looking for full-time work lost an average of 37.5 hours (2) that those
looking for part-time work lost the average number of hours actually
worked by voluntary part-time workers during the survey week, and
(3) that persons on part time for economic reasons lost the difference
between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they worked.
White and black and other are terms used to describe the race of
workers. The "black-and-other category," includes all persons who
identified themselves in the enumeration process to be other than
white. At the time of the 1980 Census of Population, 83 percent of the
black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over
were black; the remainder were primarily American Indians, Alaskan
Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders. The term "black" is used
in this volume when the relevant data are provided exclusively for the
black population.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified themselves in the
enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican living on the
mainland, Cuban, Central or South American, or of other Hispanic
origin or descent.
Major activity: going to school and major activity: other are terms
used to describe whether the activity of young persons during the
reference week is primarily one of going to school or not. Statistics on
major activity are published every month in table A-7 for 16- to
21-year-olds by employment status, race, and sex, and, if
unemployed, whether seeking full- or part-time work.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed Forces of
the United States between August 5, 1964, and May 7, 1975. Tables
for veterans in this volume are limited to males in the civilian
noninstitutional population, i.e., veterans in institutions and females
are excluded.
Nonveterans are males who never served in the Armed Forces.
The poverty areas classification consists of all Census geographical
divisions in which 20 percent or more of the residents were poor
according to the 1970 Decennial Cenus. Persons were classified as
poor or nonpoor by using income thresholds adopted by a Federal in-

138



teragency committee in 1969. These thresholds vary by family size,
composition, and residence (farm-nonfarm). While poverty areas
have a substantial concentration of low-income residents, many poor
persons live outside these areas and, conversely, the areas include
many people who are not poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the total of all
areas encompassed by Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas
(SMSA's). The metropolitan area total is based on the number of
SMSA's as defined in the 1970 Decennial Census and does not include
any subsequent additions or changes. Nonmetropolitan areas refer to
the total of all areas outside SMSA's. The nonmetropolitan total is
disaggregated into farm and nonfarm components.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from responses to the
question "How much does . . .USUALLY earn per week at this job
before deductions?" Included are any overtime pay, commissions, or
tips usually received. Data refer to the sole or primary job of wage and
salary workers. The term "usual" is as perceived by the respondent. If
the respondent asks for a definition of "usual," interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than half the weeks worked during
the past 4 or 5 months.
A household consists of all persons—related family members and
ail unrelated persons—who occupy a housing unit. A house, an apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room are regarded as a housing
unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as separate living
quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in whose name
the housing unit is owned or rented. The term is never applied to either
husbands or wives in married-couple families but only to persons in
families maintained by either men or women without a spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons residing together
who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption; all such persons are
considered as members of one family even though they may include a
"subfamily," that is, a married couple or a parent-child group related
by blood or marriage to the householder and sharing the living
quarters. The counts of families used in this volume refer to primary
families only, that is, all persons in the household who are related to
the householder. Families are classified either as married-couple
families or as those maintained by women or men without spouses.
Data on the earnings of families exclude all those in which there is no
wage or salary earner or in which the husband, wife, or other persons
maintaining the family is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
HISTORIC COMPARABILITY
Raised lower age limit
Beginning with data for 1967, the lower age limit for official
statistics on persons in the labor force was raised from 14 to 16 years.
A detailed discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced
at that time including estimates of their effect on the various series, is
contained in "New Definitions for Employment and Unemployment"
by Robert L. Stein in the February 1967 issue of Employment and
Earnings and Monthly Report on the Labor Force.
Noncomparability of labor force levels
Before the changes introduced in 1967, the labor force data were
not comparable for three earlier periods: (1) Beginning in 1953, as a
result of the introduction of data from the 1950 census into the estimation procedure, population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor
force, total employment, and agricultural employment by about
350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and males; other
categories were relatively unaffected; (2) beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in
the population and about 300,000 in the labor force, four-fifths of this
in nonagricultural employment; other labor force categories were not
appreciably affected; (3) beginning in 1962, the introduction of figures
from the 1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000, labor
force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were

virtually unchanged. In addition, beginning in 1972, information
from the 1970 census was introduced into the estimation procedures,
producing an increase in the civilian noninstitutional population of
about 800,000; labor force and employment totals were raised by a little more than 300,000, and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. A subsequent population adjustment based on the
1970 census was introduced in March 1973. This adjustment affected
the white and black and other groups but had little effect on totals.
The adjustment resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the
white population and an increase of the same magnitude in the black
and other population. Civilian labor force and total employment
figures were affected to a lesser degree; the white labor force was
reduced by 150,000, and the black and other labor force rose by about
210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not significantly affected.
Beginning in January 1974, the methodology used to prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was
modified to an "inflation-deflation" approach. This change in the
derivation of the population estimates had its greatest impact on
estimates of 20- to 24-year-old males—particularly those of the blackand-other population—but had little effect on 16 and over totals. Additional information on the adjustment procedure appears in "CPS
Population Controls Derived from Inflation-Deflation Method of
Estimation" in the February 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Effective July 1975, as a result of the immigration of Vietnamese
refugees into the United States, the total and black-and-other independent population controls for persons 16 years and over were adjusted
upward by 76,000—30,000 males and 46,000 females. The addition of
the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1
percent in any age-sex group, and all of the changes were in the
"other" population.
Beginning in 1978, the introduction of an expansion of the sample
and revisions in the estimation procedures resulted in an increase of
roughly a quarter of a million in the overall civilian labor force and
employment totals; unemployment levels and rates were essentially
unchanged. An explanation of the procedural changes and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population
Survey in January 1978" in the February 1978 issue of Employment
and Earnings.
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual was determined by the household respondent for the incoming rotation group
households, rather than determined by the interviewer as before. The
purpose of this change was to provide more accurate estimates of
characteristics by race. Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race determined by the household respondent and
seven-eighths of the sample households had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race determined by the household respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
Beginning in 1979, the first-stage ratio estimation method was
changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The new procedure is
described in the Estimating Methods section. The reasoning behind
the change and an indication of the differences appear in "Change in
the Estimation Procedure for the Current Population Survey beginning in January 1979" in the February 1979 issue of Employment and
Earnings, pifferences between the old and new procedures exist only
for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan estimates, not for the total
U.S.
Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment
methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The new
procedure is described in the Estimating Methods section. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates
of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey in January 1982" in the February 1982 issue of
Employment and Earnings. In addition, current population estimates
used in the second-stage estimation procedure are derived from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than the 1970 census.




This change caused substantial increases in total population and
estimates of persons in all labor force categories. Rates on labor force
characteristics, however, remained virtually unchanged. Some 30,000
labor force series were adjusted back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in
series. The adjustment procedure used is also described in the
February 1982 article referenced above. The revisions did not,
however, smooth out the breaks in series occurring between 1972 and
1979 that are described above, and data users should make allowances
for them in making certain data comparisons.
Changes in the occupational classification system
Beginning with 1971, the comparability of occupational employment data was affected as a result of changes in census occupational
classifications introduced into the Current Population Survey (CPS).
These changes stemmed from an exhaustive review of the classification system to be used for the 1970 Census of Population. The purpose of this review, the most comprehensive since the 1940 census, was
to reduce the size of larger groups, to be more specific about general
and "not elsewhere classified" groups, and to provide information on
emerging significant occupations. Differences in March 1970 employment levels tabulated on both the 1960 and 1970 classification systems
ranged from a drop 650,000 in operatives to an increase of 570,000 in
service workers, much of which resulted from a shift between these
two groups; the nonfarm laborers group increased by 420,000, and
changes in other groups amounted to 220,000 or less.
An additional major group was created by splitting the operatives
category into two: Operatives, except transport, and transport equipment operatives. Separate data for these two groups first became
available in January 1972. At the same time, several changes in titles,
as well as in order of presentation, were introduced; for example, the
title of the managers, officials, and proprietors group was changed to
"managers and administrators, except farm," since only proprietors
performing managerial duties are included in the category.
Apart from the effects of revisions in the occupational classification
system beginning in 1971, comparability of occupational employment
data was further affected in December 1971, when a question eliciting
information on major activities or duties was added to the monthly
CPS questionnaire in order to determine more precisely the occupational classification of individuals. This change resulted in several
dramatic occupational shifts, particularly from managers and administrators to other groups, thus, meaningful comparisons of occupational levels cannot always be made for 1972 and subsequent
years with earlier periods. However, revisions in the occupational
classification system as well as in the CPS questionnaire are believed
to have had but a negligible impact on unemployment rates.
Additional information on changes in the occupational classification system of the CPS appears in "Revisions in Occupational
Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in the Current Population
Survey" in the February 1971 and February 1972 issues, respectively,
of Employment and Earnings.
Changes in sample design
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various changes in
the design of the CPS sample. Most of these changes were made in
order to improve the efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the reliability of the sample estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census is to change
the sample design to make use of the recently collected census
materials. Also, occasionally the sample is expanded in terms of
number of sample areas and number of sample persons. In 1953, a
rotation plan was introduced in which a sample unit would be interviewed for 4 months, leave the sample for 8 months, and then return
to the sample for another 4 months. When Alaska and Hawaii achieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to the sample to account for the population in these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major portion of the sample from census address lists was
begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected using area

139

sampling. Following the 1970 census, the ultimate sampling unit was
changed from a noncontiguous cluster of six housing units to a usually
contiguous cluster of four housing units. In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24 States and the
District of Columbia and designed to provide more reliable annual
average estimates for States, was incorporated with the existing
design. A coverage improvement sample, composed of approximately
450 sample household units which represent 237,000 occupied mobile
homes and 60,000 new construction house units, was included in computing the estimates beginning in October 1978 in order to provide
coverage of mobile homes and new construction housing units that
previously had no chance for selection in the CPS sample. In January
1980 another supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected in 32
States and the District of Columbia was added to the existing sample.
A sample reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May
1981. In January 1982, about 100 occupied units were added to provide sufficient coverage in counties added to SMSA's which were
redefined in 1973.
Table A provides a description of some aspects of the CPS sample
design in use during the different data collection periods. For a more
detailed account of the history of the CPS sample design, see The Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Technical Paper
No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, or
Concepts and Methods used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from
the Current Population Survey, BLS Report 463.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the results for
a given month become available simultaneously and are based on
returns from the entire panel of respondents. The CPS estimation procedure involves weighting the data from each sample person. The
basic weight, which is the inverse of the probability of the person being in the sample, is a rough measure of the number of actual persons
that the sample person represents. In States supplemented in the 1978
and 1980 expansions, almost all sample persons within the sample area
have the same basic weight, but the weight may differ across sample
areas. The basic weight is the same for almost all sample persons in
unsupplemented States. The basic weights are then adjusted for
noninterview, and the ratio estimation procedure is applied.

1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for occupied
sample households for which no information was obtained because of
absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability of the respondent for other reasons. This adjustment is made separately by combinations of sample areas within each State and the District of Columbia, and within these, for six groups—two race categories (white, and
black and other) within three residence categories. For sample areas
which are Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSA's), these

residence categories are the central cities, and the urban and the rural
balance of the SMSA's. For other sample areas, the residence
categories are urban, rural nonfarm, and rural farm. The proportion
of sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent
depending on weather, vacations, etc.
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected for the
sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that of the population
as a whole, in such characteristics as age, race, sex, and residence.
Since these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample,
the survey estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of ratio
estimates as follows:
di.First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of the 629 sample
areas is chosen to represent other areas not in the sample; the remainder of the sample areas represent only themselves. The first-stage
ratio estimation procedure was designed to reduce the portion of the
variance resulting from requiring sample areas to represent nonsample
areas. Therefore, this procedure is not applied to sample areas which
represent only themselves. The procedure is performed at two
geographic levels: First, by the four census regions (Northeast, North
Central, South, and West), and second, for each of the 46 States
which contains nonsample areas. The procedure corrects for the differences that existed at the time of the 1970 census between the
distribution by race and residence of the population in the sample
areas and the known race-residence distribution in the portions of the
census region or State represented by these areas. The regional adjustment is performed by metropolitan-nonmetropolitan residence and
race, while the State adjustment is done by urban-rural status and
race.
b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample proportions
in the categories described below are adjusted to the distribution of independent current estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population in the same categories. The second-stage ratio estimate is performed in order to increase the reliability of the estimates and is carried out in two steps. In the first step, the sample estimates are adjusted within each State and the District of Columbia to an independent control for the population 16 years and over, for the State. The
second step of the adjustment is applied to all sample persons and is a
weighting to nationwide independent population estimates of the
civilian noninstitutional population within 68 age-sex-race groups.
The entire second-stage ratio estimation procedure is iterated six
times, each time beginning at the weights developed the previous time.
This iteration ensures that the sample estimates both of the State
population and of the national age-sex-race categories will be virtually
equal to the independent population estimates. This second stage adjustment procedure incorporates changes instituted in January 1982.
The nature of these changes is discussed in detail in ''Revisions in the

Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample
Time period
Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956
May 1956 to Dec. 1959
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966
Jan. 1967 to July 1971
Aug. 1971 to July 1972
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979
Jan. 1980 to Apr 1981
May 1981 to present

Number of sample
areas

1
2

68
230
330
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629

1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide
coverage in each State and the District of Columbia.

140



Households eligible
Interviewed
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800

Not interviewed
500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500

Households visited not
eligible
3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000

2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and
Hawaii after statehood.

Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the
February 1982 issue of Employment and Earnings.
The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional population 16
years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend in the
growth of this segment of the population from the April 1, 1980 census through the lastest available July 1 estimate, adjusted as a last step
to a current estimate of the U.S. population of this group. State
estimates by age for July 1 are published annually in Current Population Reports, Series P-25. For a description of the methodology used
in developing the State total, use Report 640 of that series. Descriptions of the age estimates methodology are available on request from
the Chief of the Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census;
Washington, D.C. 20233.
Beginning with the January 1982 estimates, the independent national controls used for the age-sex-race groups in the final step of the
second-stage ratio adjustment are prepared by carrying forward the
April 1, 1980, total population by age, race, and sex, taking account
of the subsequent aging of the population, fertility, mortality, and
net immigration, and then subtracting the estimate for the institutional population and Armed Forces. The April 1, 1980, total population was computed by adding together the resident population, consistent with that published for the 1980 census in Advance Reports,
Series PHC80-V, and the Armed Forces overseas, as compiled from
Department of Defense reports.
Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and the estimate
date are based on tabulation of vital statistics for the resident population made by the National Center for Health Statistics and data on
deaths of military personnel overseas from the Department of
Defense. Estimates of net civilian immigration are based on
data provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the
Department of Defense, the Office of Personnel Management, and
the Puerto Rico Planning Board. The civilian noninstitutional population for the estimate date is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces
and the institutional population from the total population including
Armed Forces overseas. The institutional population is computed by
applying institutional proportions derived from the 1970 census to the
total population, including Armed Forces overseas for the estimate
date. All computations described above are performed in cells defined
by single year of age, race, and sex. The independent national controls
totals are then obtained by collapsing these cells into broader age
groups for the population 16 years and older.
3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics for a given
month, a composite estimating procedure is used which takes account
of net changes from the previous month for continuing parts of the
sample (75 percent) as well as the sample results for the current
month. Almost all estimates of month-to-month change are improved
by this procedure, and most estimates of levels are also improved, but
to a lesser extent.

Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals shown
in the same tables because of independent rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand. Differences, however, are insignificant.

Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based on a
sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The standard errors provided primarily indicate the magnitude of the sampling error. They
also partially measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in
response and enumeration but do not measure any systematic biases in
the data.
Nonsampling errors. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to quantify some
sources of nonsampling error in the CPS as discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative
change, such as month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels
would be more severely affected by the nonsampling error.




Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many sources,
e.g., inability to obtain information about all cases in the sample,
definitional difficulties, differences in the interpretation of questions,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall information, errors made in collection such as
in recording or coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made in estimating values tor missing data, and failure to represent all sample households and all persons within sample households
(undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of the survey
have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is
used to estimate various sources of error as well as to evaluate and
control the work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected through reinterview at regular intervals.
The results indicate, among other things, that the data published from
the CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of
the CPS reinterview program and some of the other results may be
found in the Current Population Survey Reinterview Program,
January 1961 through December 1966, Technical Paper No. 19,
Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in the CPS
data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies by rotation group. A description of these effects appears in the article "The Effects of Rotation
Group Bias on Estimates from Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar,
Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349,
March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing units and
missed persons within sample households. Overall undercoverage as
compared to the level of the decennial census, is about 5 percent. It is
known that the CPS undercoverage varies with age, sex, and race.
Generally, undercoverage is larger for males than for females, and
larger for black and other races combined than for whites. Ratio
estimation to independent age-sex-race population controls, as
described previously, partially corrects for the biases due to survey
undercoverage. However, biases exist in the estimates to the extent
that missed persons in missed households or missed persons in interviewed households have different characteristics than interviewed persons in the same age-sex-race group. Further, the independent population controls used have not been adjusted for undercoverage in the
1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS appears in
the paper, "An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by the Current Population Survey," by Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar,
Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce,
Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards; in the paper "The
Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson
and Gary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and Social Measurement,
Vol. 2, April 1973; and in the The Current Population Survey, Design
and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census,
U.S. Department of Commerce. This last document includes a comprehensive and up-to-date discussion of various sources of error, and
describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a measure of sampling variability, that is, of the variation that occurs by chance because a
sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. The sample
estimate and its estimated standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, ranges that would include the average of all possible
samples with a known probability. For example, if all possible
samples were selected, each of these surveyed under essentially the
same general conditions and using the sampie sample design, and an
estimate and its estimated error were calculated from each sample,
then:

141

same general conditions and using the same sample design, and an
estimate and its estimated error were calculated from each sample,
then;
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one standard error below the estimate to one standard error above the estimate would
include the average result of all possible samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6 standard errors below the estmate to 1.6 standard errors above the estimate would
include the average of all possible samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2 standard errors
below the estimate to 2 standard errors above the estimate would include the average result of all possible samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a
large number of estimates and could be prepared at a moderate cost, a
number of approximations were required. First, the standard errors in
this volume reflect the sample Resign and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State estimates. Thus, these standard
errors may slightly overstate the standard errors applicable to the present design. Second, instead of computing an individual standard error for each estimate, generalized sets of standard errors were computed for various types of characteristics. This generalization yields
more stable estimates of the standard errors. Consequently, the sets of
standard errors provided give an indication of the order of magnitude
of the standard e^ror of an estimate rather than the precise standard
error.
Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for major
employment status characteristics for monthly estimates and for
changes for consecutive months. These standard errors are applicable
to the level of the estimates in recent months.
Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors for monthly levd and month-to-month change for estimated totals, unemployment rates, and percentages. Tabic I contains factors for use with
table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly level and month-to-month change for percentages. Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in the tables may be approximated by linear interpolation. The standard error for estimated
changes from one month to the next is more closely related to the
monthly level for the characteristic than to the size of the specific
month-to-month change itself. Thus, in order to use the generalized
standard errors for month-to-month change as given in the tables of
standard errors, it is necessary to obtain the monthly estimate for the
characteristic. It should be noted that the tables of standard errors for
month-to-month change apply only to estimates of change between
two consecutive months. Estimates of change for nonconsecutive
months are subject to higher standard errors. Table J contains factors
for use with tables D,F,H,and I to compute approximate standard errors, as described below, for levels, labor force participation rates,
and percentages as pertaining to year-to-year change of monthly
estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly
averages and changes in yearly averages. Note that standard errors for
changes in quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive
quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the standard errors must
be adjusted due to the differences in the sample size. For years prior to
1956, the standard errors should be multiplied by 1.50 and for the
1956-66 period they should by multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides
generalized standard errors for quarterly estimates of persons and
families for use with the CPS earnings data.
Standard errors for estimated totals. Tables D and E provide
generalized standard errors for monthly totals and for month-tomonth change. The figures given in these tables are to used for the
characteristics as indicated.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number of persons
working a specific number of hours was 12,000,000, an increase of
400,000 over the previous month. Linear interpolation in the second
column of table D shows that the standard error on an estimate of

142



12,000,000 is about 150,000. The 68 percent confidence interval as
shown by these data is from 11,850,000 to 12,150,000. Therefore, a
conclusion that the average estimate derived from all possible samples
lies within a range computed in this way would be correct for roughly
68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that the standard error of a
month-to-month change is primarily dependent on the size of the
monthly estimate. Thus, using linear interpolation in the first column
of table E the standard error on a month-to-month change of 400,000
when the monthly level is approximately 12,000,000 is about 111,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability of an
estimated unemployment rate or an estimated percentage, computed
using sample data for both numerator and denominator, depends on
both the size of the rate or percentage and the total upon which the
rate or percentage is based. Estimated rates and percentages are
relatively more reliable than the corresponding estimates of the
numerator of the rates or percentages; this is particularly true for
percentages of 50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are
not published when the monthly base is less than 75,000, the quarterly
average base is less than 60,000, or the annual average base is less than
35,000.
Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for monthly level
and month-to-month change for unemployment rates.
Generalized standard errors for estimated monthly percentages and
estimated month-to-month change in percentages can be obtained
through the use of the standard errors in table H and the factors in
table I. First obtain the standard error from table H for the specific
percentage and base. The generalized standard error is then calculated

Table B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(In thousands)
Standard error of-

Employment status, sex,
age, and race

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16-19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Black and other, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Males, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Females, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16-19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Monthly
level

Month-tomonth change
(consecutive
months only)

208
229
122

161
175
123

113
131
84

95
114
85

167
168
71

124
128
74

80
85
58

85
94
72

73
84
59

56
63
62

40
49
40

34
43
42

62
62
36

46
48
40

33
31
28

37
36
30

by multiplying the standard error from table H by the appropriate factor from table I. When the numerator and denominator of the percentage axe in different categories, use the factor indicated by the
numerator of the percentage.
Illustration. For example, assume that in a given month 3.6 percent
of a total of 90,771,000 employed persons ire 'employed in
agriculture. First the standard error on an estimate of 3.6 percent with
a base of 90,771,000 is obtained from table H (0.09 percentage point).
The appropriate factor from table I for the numerator of the percentage, agricultural employment, is 1.26. The generalized standard error
on the estimated 3.6 percent is then approximately 0.09 x 1.26 = 0.1
percentage point.
Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly estimates,
quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages and
changes in yearly averages. The approximate standard errors of levels,
rates and percentages involving year-to-year change of monthly
estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly
averages and changes in yearly averages may be obtained by using
table J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for
estimates of change are more closely related to the level of the estimate
than to the size of the specific change. Thus, to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an average level, rate, or percentage, or an
estimate of a change in level, rate, or percentage, it is first necessary to
find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate of an average
level, rate or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For
an estimate of change in level, rate or percentage, find the standard error of the average of the two estimates affecting the change. Then,
after computing the standard error by treating these estimates as monthly estimates and using the procedures above, multiply this result by a
suitable factor from table J to obtain the approximate standard error
for the average or change.
Illustration. For example, suppose that one is interested in the yearto-year change of a monthly unemployment rate. Let us assume that
for a certain month the unemployment rate is 6.9 percent based on a
total of 95,676,000 in the civilian labor force, and that a year prior to
this the unemployment rate was 6.1 percent based on a total of
94,254,000 in the civilian labor force for the month. First, the standard error on the average of the two estimates, 6.5 percent with a base

of 94,965,000, is obtained from table F (0.11 percentage point). The
appropriate factor then from table J is 1.40. The approximate standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then given by
0.11x1.40 = 0.15 percentage point.
The approximate standard error of levels involving year-to-year
change of quarterly estimates pertaining to CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using table K in conjunction
with the following formula:
Standard
error of

/

="'\/ht] h) fr:)
V

\ error J

♦ \ error / - 2 ( P ) y " ° r

J

where X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the estimate for
another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a measure of the correlation
between the estimates X and Y resulting from the presence of some of
the same respondents in the sample for each estimate. For consecutive
year-to-year changes of quarterly estimates, the values of P are .30 for
persons (total, white, and black) and .35 for families (total, white, and
black). The respective values for estimates of Hispanics are .45
and .55.
Illustration:
Assume that in a given quarter the number of women employed as
full-time wage and salary workers was 27,000,000 and in the same
quarter a year later their number had increased to 29,000,000. Using
linear interpolation in the eighth column of table K, the standard error
of an estimate of 27,000,000 is 216,000; for 29,000,000 it is 221,000.
Using the above formula, the standard error of the 2,000,00b, year-toyear change is:

4

(216,000)

+

(221,000)

- 2 (.30) (216,000)

(221,000),

or about 259,000.

Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics
Standard error of-

Standard error ofSelected categories

Total (all civilian workers)
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years
White workers
Black (and other) workers
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over

Monthly level

Consecutive
month changel

0.12
.15
.17
.57
.12
.46
.15
.21
.12
.32
.06

0.12
.15
.18
.67
.12
.49
.16
.23
.13
.40
.07

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators,
except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers




.12
.18

.13
.20

.20
.36
.23
.24

.23
.41
.25
.26

Selected categories
Monthly level

Consecutive
month change

0.33
.44
.70
.71
.32
.54

0.37
.50
.77
.81
.36
.62

.13
.59
.27
.37
.39
.38
.26
.17
.20
.07

.13
.70
.30
.41
.45
.42
.29
.19
.23
1.26

OCCUPATION
Blue-collar workers—Continued
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives ....
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and
salary workers
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

143

Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(In thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural employment data
Estimated monthly level

I Agricultural j
' employment j

Total or
white

Black and
other

10
14
32
45
64
90
109
125
139
166
188
219
249
253
260
260
254
221
143

10
14
32
44
60
79
88
90
87
36

f

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000 ...
15,000 ...
20,000 ...
30,000 ...
40,000 ...
50,000 ...
60,000 ...
70,000 ...
80,000 ...
100,000 .
120,000 .

13
18
41
57
81
113
137

Unemployment

j Total or
Black and
Total or
Black and
! white males i other males
white, 16-19 other, 16-19
j only, or
only, or
years
|
years
I females only | females only

!
!
;
|
i
!

10
14
32
44
60
77
84
84
76

1
When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group
which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard
error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error

4-

L

Total or
white

Black and
other

10
14
31
44
62
87
106
122
135
163
182

11
15
33
46
63
83
93

4

9
13
30
42
59
82
99
113
124
146
161
177
178
164
131
49

10
14
28
33
13

9
13
29
40
52
60
53
16

-

on the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use
the column for total employed.

Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(In thousands)
Characteristic 1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural
employment data

!

Unemployment

Estimated monthly level
Total or white

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120 000

T.....

See footnote 1, table D.
Part-time labor force for

144



8
11
24
34
47
66
81
93
103
123
130
163
179
189
194
195
191
179
119

unemployment

Black and
other

Total or white,
16-19 years

8
11
23
33
45
58
65
68
65
33

12
17
37
52
70
89
96
93
78

Black and
other, 16-19
years
12
17
33
37
I
!
I

Total or white

Both sexes
16-19 years,
or part-time
labor force 2

11
16
35
48
68
93
110
123
132
145
146

12
17
39
55
77
107
129
147
162
191
211

_
-

also includes

persons

-

Black and
other

|
i
j

|
I

12
16
36
49
65
80

j

Black and
other, 16-19
years
12
17
34
39

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

reentering the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by
duration of unemployment.

Table F. Standard errors for unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)

Monthly base of unemployment rate (In
thousands)

1
2.05
1.45
.65
.46
.32
.23
.19
.15
.11
.06
.04

50
100
500
1,000....
2,000 ....
4,000 ....
6,000 ....
10,000 .
20,000 .
60,000 .
100,000

2.88
2.04
.91
.65
.46
.32
.26
.21
.15
.08
.06

4.49
3.18
1.42
1.01
.71
.50
.41
.32
.23
.12
.10

10

15

20

25

30

35

6.18
4.37
1.96
1.38
.98
.69
.57
.44
.31
.17
.13

7.36
5.20
2.33
1.65
1.17
.83
.67
.52
.37
.20
.16

8.25
5.83
2.61
1.84
1.31
.92
.75
.59
.41
.23
.18

8.93
6.32
2.82
2.00
1.42
1.00
.82
.63
.45
.25
.19

9.46
6.69
2.99
2.12
1.50
1.06
.86
.67
.47
.26
.20

9.85
6.97
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.27
.21

30

35

50

11.39
8.05
3.58
2.52
1.76
1.22
.97
.72
51

11.97
8.39
3.73
2.62
1.83
1.26
1.00

12.55
8.87
3.93
2.74
1.89
1.26

_u_

Table G. Standard errors for month-to-month change in unemployment rates
Monthly base of unemployment rate (In
thousands)
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
10,000
20,000
60,000
100,000

Monthly unemployment rate (p>ercent)
1

2

5

10

15

20

25

2.32
1.64
.74
.52
.37
.26
.21
.16
.11
.06
.05

3.28
2.32
1.04
.73
.52
.37
.30
.13
.15
.09
.07

5.12
3.62
1.62
1.15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.24
.13
.10

7.10
5.02
2.25
1.59
1.12
.79
.64
.49
.33
.18
.13

8.52
6.02
2.69
1.90
1.34
.94
.76
.59
.39
.21
.14

9.64
6.81
3.04
2.15
1.51
1.06
.86
.65
.44
.22
.14

10.05
7.11
3.17
2.24
1.57
1.10
.89
.67
.48
.23

,

I
I

|

|

,

_
_
_
_
_

Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for labor force
data
Monthly base of percentages
(In thousands)
50
100
500
1,000...
2,000 ....
4,000 ....
6,000 ....
10,000 .
20,000 .
40,000 .
60,000 .
80,000 .
100,000
160,000

Percentage of monthly level
1 or 99

2 or 98

5 or 95

10 or 90

15 or 85

20 or 80

25 or 75

30 or 70

35 or 65

2.03
1.43
.64
.45
.32
.23
.19
.14
.10
.07
.06
.05
.05
.04

2.85
2.02
.90
.64
.45
.32
.26
.20
.14
.10
.08
.07
.06
.05

4.44
3.14
1.41
.99
.70
.50
.41
.31
.22
.16
.13
.11
.10
.08

6.12
4.32
1.93
1.37
.97
.68
.56
.43
.31
.22
.18
.15
.14
.11

7.28
5.15
2.30
1.63
1.15
.81
.66
.51
.36
.26
.21
.18
.16
.13

8.15
5.77
2.58
1.82
1.29
.91
.74
.58
.41
.29
.24
.20
.18
.14

8.83
6.24
2.79
1.97
1.40
.99
.81
.62
.44
.31
.25
.22
.20
.16

9.34
6.61
2.95
2.09
1.48
1.04
.85
.66
.47
.33
.27
.23
.21
.17

9.72
6.88
3.07
2.17
1.54
1.09
.89
.69
.49
.34
.28
.24
.22
.17

NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specific characteristic.




145

Table I. Factors to be used with Table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month
change in percentages
Factor

Factor
Characteristic

Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than
agricultural employment data
and unemployment data:
Total
Males only
Females only
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Part-time labor force

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.26
1.26

1.05
1.50

1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00

.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18

Characteristic
Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.01

1.21

.97
.97

1.08
1.21

1.04
1.04

1.13
1.24

Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration of
unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment
characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Black and other:
Total
Both sexes, 16-19 years .-.

Table J. Factors to be used with Tables, D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages
and change in yearly averages
Factors
Characteristic

Year-to-year change
of monthly estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in
yearly
averages

1.30
1.30
1.40

0.89
.83
.74

0.80
.80
.80

0.72
.58
.46

0.70
.70
.70

1.30

.88

.88

.67

.70

1.30

.82

.88

.57

1.40

.74

.88

.46

.70
.60

1.40
1.40

.76
.69

.88
.88

.50
.39

Agricultural employment:
Total or males
Females or teenagers (16-19 years)
Part time
Labor force data other than
agricultural employment data and
unemployment data:
Total or white
Black and other or teenagers
(16-19 years)
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time

146



—

.65
54

Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly level
(In thousands)
Characteristic

Estimated quarterly level

Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers

10
50
75
100
150
200
250
300
500
750
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
5,000
7,500
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
75,000
100,000




5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
76
83
107
130
149
180
205
226
224
273
296
331
343

Total or
white
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
85
93
119
145
165
198
224
244
261
286
301
304
255

Females

Males

Total

Total, full-time, or part-time
workers

Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers

Black
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
46
53
63
72
79
85
100
107
102

5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
144
187
192
207
219
236

Total

White

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
117
140
157
183
199
209
212
201

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
116
138
155
179
193
199
198
174

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
29
37
45
50
59
65
69
71
64

Total or
white
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
145
173
195
211
224
242

Black
5
11
13
15
19
21
24
26
33
41
46
56
63
69
74
85

147

Establishment Data
(B and C tables)
COLLECTION
Payroll reports provide current information on wage and salary
employment, hours, and earnings in nonagricultural establishments,
by industry and geographic location.
Federal-State cooperation
Under cooperative arrangements, responding establishments report
employment, hours, and earnings data to State agencies. State agencies mail the forms to the establishments and examine the returns for
consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the reported
data to prepare State and area series and also send the reported data to
the BLS (Washington Office) for use in preparing the national series.
This avoids a duplicate reporting burden on establishments, and
together with the use of similar estimating techniques at the national
and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates.
Shuttle schedules
Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and Hours is the
name of the data collection schedule. The collection agency returns
the schedule to the respondent each month so that the next month's
data can be entered on the space alotted for that month. This
"shuttle" procedure assures maximum comparability and accuracy of
reporting, since the respondent can see the figures that have been
reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total number of
full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of nonagricultural
establishments and, for most industries, employment, payroll, and
hours of production and related workers or nonsupervisory workers
for pay period which includes the 12th of the month.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined
from information on annual sales volume. Since January 1980, this information is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment
insurance tax reports filed by employers. For an establishment making
more than one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the industry
indicated by the principal product or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Nation and
for States and areas are classified in accordance with the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SICM), Office of Management
and Budget. The BLS tabulates and estimates statistics which
distinguish between private and public establishments, thus maintaining continuity with previously published statistics for the private and
government sector.
Industry employment
Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer
to persons on establishment payrolls who received pay for any part of
the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. For Federal
Government establishments, employment figures represent the
number of persons who occupied positions on the last day of the
calendar month. Intermittent workers are counted if they performed
any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid, volunteer
or family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers in
households. Salaried officers of corporations are included. Government employment covers only civilian employees; military personnel
are excluded. Employees of the Central Intelligence and National
Security Agencies are also excluded.

148



Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick leave (when
pay is received directly from the firm), on paid holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the pay period even though they
are unemployed or on strike during the rest of the period are counted
as employed. Not counted as employed are persons who are on layoff,
on leave without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who were
hired but have not yet reported during the period.
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports of
payrolls and hours for production and related workers in manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries.
Production and related workers include working supervisors and aD
nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving,
storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling,
maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services, product development,
auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely associated with the above production operation.
Construction workers include the following employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers,
mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work,
alterations, demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether working at
the site of conduction or working in shops or yards at jobs (such as
precutting and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of
the construction trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not above the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical workers, repairers,
salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants,
nurses, social workers, research aides, teachers, drafters,
photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial
workers, attendants, line installers and repairers, laborers, janitors,
guards, and other employees at similar occupational levels whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who received pay for any part of
the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. The payroll is
reported before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and
unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds,
or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacations,
and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and
paid regularly each pay period); other pay not earned in the pay period
reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips; and the value of free rent, fuel,
meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such
as health and other types of insurance, contributions to retirement,
etc., paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period which includes the 12th of the month for production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours covers hours worked by production or related
workers for which overtime premiums were paid because the hours
were in excess of the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or the workweek during the pay period which includes the 12th of
the month. Weekend and holiday hours;are included only if overtime
premiums were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard,
incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.
Gross average hourly and weekly earnings. Average hourly earnings
are on a "gross" basis. They reflect ncH only changes in basic hou^y
and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors as premium pay
for overtime and late-shift work and changes in output of workers

paid on an incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of
employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and
changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments. Averages
for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly ear­
nings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are
the actual return to the worker for a stated period of time; rates are
the amount stipulated for a given unit of work or time. The earnings
series do not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the
employer since the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroac­
tive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by
employers, and earnings for those employees not covered under the
production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee
definitions.
Gross average weekly earnings estimates are derived by multiplying
average weekly hours estimates by average hourly earnings estimates.
Therefore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in gross
average hourly earnings but also by changes in the length of the
workweek. Monthly variations in such factors as proportion of parttime workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during
the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees are not paid
may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-term trends of gross average weekly earnings can be affected
by structual changes in the makeup of the work force. For example,
persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers
in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced
average workweeks in these industries and have affected the average
weekly earnings series.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates to the
average hours for which pay ^vas received and is different from stan­
dard or scheduled hours. Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor
turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours
to be lower than scheduled hours of work fo. an establishment. Group
averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component in­
dustries.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that portion of
the gross average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for
which overtime premiums were paid. If an employee were to work on
a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total compensation his or
her holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no
overtime hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, gross weekly
hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direc­
tion from month to month; for example, overtime premiums may be
paid for hours in excess of the straight-time workday although less
than a full week is worked. Diverse trends at the industry-group level
also may be caused by a marked change in hours for a component in­
dustry where little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and
current months. In addition, such factors as stoppages, absenteeism,
and labor turnover may not have the same influence on overtime
hours as on gross hours.
Railroads hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads (ex­
cluding switching and terminal companies) are based on monthly data
summarized in the M-300 report ofthe Interstate Commerce Commis­
sion and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff
assistants (ICC group I) who received pay during the month. Gross
average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation
by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by
dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis,
by the number of employees, as defined above. Gross average weekly
earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by average
hourly earnings.
''Real" earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are calculated
from the earnings averages for the current month using a deflator
derived from the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPJ-W).




Average hourly earnings excluding overtime. Average hourly earnings
excluding overtime premium pay are computed by dividing the total
production-worker payroll for the industry group by the sum of total
production-worker hours and one-half of total overtime hours. Prior
to January 1956, these data were based on the application of adjust­
ment factors to gross average hourly earnings (as described in the
Monthly Labor Review, May 1950, pp. 537-40). Both methods
eliminate only the earnings due to overtime paid for at 1'/: times the
straight-time rates. No adjustment is made for other premium pay­
ment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime
rates other than time and one-half.
Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls and hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls and hours are prepared by dividing the current
month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures for 1977.
For basic industries, the hour aggregates are the product of average
weekly hours and production-worker or nonsupervisory-worker
employment, and the payroll aggregates are the product of hour ag­
gregates and average hourly earnings. At all higher levels of industry
aggregation, hour and payroll aggregates are the sum of the compo­
nent aggregates.
Indexes of diffusion of changes in number of employees on
nonagricultural payrolls. These indexes measure the percent of in­
dustries which posted increases in employment over the specified time
span. The indexes are calculated from 186 unpublished seasonally ad­
justed employment series (two-digit nonmanufacturing industries and
three-digit manufacturing industries) covering all nonagricultural
payroll employment in the private sector. A more detailed discussion
of these indexes appears in "Introduction of Diffusion Indexes,"' in
the December 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.

ESTIMATING METHODS
The principal features of the procedure used to estimate employ­
ment for the establishment statistics are (1) the use of the "link
relative" technique, which is a form of ratio estimation; (2) periodic
adjustment of employment levels to new benchmarks; and (3) the use
of size and regional stratification.

The "link relative" technique
From a sample composed of establishments reporting for both the
previous and current months, the ratio of current month employment
to that of the previous month is computed. This is called a "link
relative." The estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the current month
are obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month by
these "link relatives." In addition, small bias correction factors are
applied to selected employment estimates each month. The size of the
bias correction factors is determined from past experience. Other
features of the general procedures are described in table L.

Size and regional stratification
A number of industries are stratified by size of establishment
and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory
worker data are used to weight the hours and earnings into broader in­
dustry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an
employment, hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a whole industry
or a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size stratum of a region within
an industry.

Benchmark adjustments
Employment estimates are compared periodically with comprehensive counts of employment which provide "benchmarks" for the

149

Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Item

Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or
region/size cell)

Aggregate industry levels (divisions, groups and,
where stratified, individual cells)

Monthly data
All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied
by ratio of all employees in current month to all
employees in previous month, for sample
establishments which reported for both months.1

Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells.

All-employee estimate for current month multiplied
by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory
workers to all employees in sample
establishments for current month, (2) estimated
ratio of women to all employees.2

Sum of production- or nonsupervisory-worker
estimates, or estimates of women employees, for
component cells.

Gross average weekly hours .

Production- or nonsupervisory-worker hours divided
by number of production or nonsupervisory
workers.2

Average, weighted by production- or nonsupervisoryworker employment, of the average weekly hours
for component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours .

Production-worker overtime hours divided by number Average, weighted by production-worker
employment, of the average weekly overtime
of production workers.2
hours for component cells.

Gross average hourly earnings .

Total production- or nonsupervisory-worker payroll
divided by total production- or nonsupervisoryworker hours.2

Gross average weekly earnings .

Product of gross average weekly hours and average Product of gross average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.
hourly earnings.

All employees .

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
employees

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the
average hourly earnings for component cells.

Annual average data
All employees, women employees, and
production or nonsupervisory workers

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Gross average weekly hours

Annual total of aggregate hours (production- or
nonsupervisory-worker employment multiplied by
average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of
employment.

Annual total of aggregate hours for production or
nonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum of
employment for these workers.

Average weekly overtime hours .

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours
(production-worker employment multiplied by
average weekly overtime hours) divided by
annual sum of employment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for
production workers divided by annual sum of
employment for these workers

Gross average hourly earnings .

Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of
production- or nonsupervisory-worker
employment by weekly hours and hourly
earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours.

Annual total by aggregate payrolls divided by annual
aggregate hours.

Gross average weekly earnings .

Product of gross average weekly hours and average Product of gross average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings.
hourly earnings.

1
The estimates result from multiplying the product shown by bias
adjustment factors to compensate for the underrepresentation of newly
formed enterprises in the sample and other bias sources.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average
weekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are

150



modified by a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in
the sargple arising mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting.
The wedging procedure accepts the advantage of continuity from the use
of the matched sample, and at the same time, tapers or wedges the
estimate toward the level of the latest sample average.

various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate adjustments are
made as indicated. The industry estimates are currently projected
from March 1981 levels. Normally, benchmark adjustments are made
annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are employment
data, by industry, compiled quarterly by States agencies from reports
of establishments covered under State unemployment insurance laws.
These tabulations cover about 98 percent of employees on
nonagricultural payrolls in the United States. Benchmark data for the
residual are obtained from the records of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate. Commerce Commission, and a number of
other agencies in private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared with new
benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are necessary, the
monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted
between the new benchmark and the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the
current month by use of the sample trends. Thus, under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish the level of employment;
the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in the
level. A comparison of the actual amounts of revisions made at the
time of the March 1981 benchmark adjustment is shown in table M.
Data for all months since the last benchmark to which the series has
been adjusted are subject to revision. Revised data are published as
soon as possible after each benchmark revision.

available resources, it is necessary to design samples for these in­
dustries with a smaller proportion of universe employment than is the
case for most manufacturing industries. Since individual
establishments in these nonmanufacturing divisions generally show
less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than do
establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller samples (in
terms of employment) generally produce reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS employment statistics program, with its
emphasis on producing timely data at minimum cost, a sample must
be obtained which will provide coverage of a sufficiently large seg­
ment of the universe to provide reasonably reliable estimates that can
be published promptly and regularly. The present sample meets these
specifications for most industries. With its use, the BLS is able to pro­
duce preliminary estimates each month for many industries and for
many geographic levels within a few weeks after the reference period,
and, at a somewhat later date, statistics in considerably greater in­
dustrial detail.
Coverage
The BLS sample of establishment employment and payrolls is the
largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social statistics.
Table N shows the approximate proportion of total employment in
each industry division covered by the group of establishments fur­
nishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual in­
dustries within the division may vary from the proportions shown.

THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the current employment statistics program is know as "sampling proportionate to average size of establishment." This design is an optimum allocation design among strata
since the sampling variance is proportional to the average size of
establishments. Under this type of design, large establishments fall in­
to the sample with certainty. The size of the sample for the various in­
dustries is determined empirically on the basis of experience and of
cost considerations. In a manufacturing industry in which a high pro­
portion of total employment is concentrated in relatively few
establishments, a large percent of total employment is included in the
sample. Consequently, the sample design for such industries provides
for a complete census of the large establishments with only a few
chosen from among the smaller establishments or none at all if the
concentration of employment is great enough. On the other hand, in
an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is in
small establishments, the sample design calls for inclusion of all large
establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones.
Many industries in the trade and services divisions fall into this
category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by

Table M. Comparison of nonagricultural employment
benchmarks and estimates for March 1981

Industry division

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation aftd public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade ...
Finance, insurance, and real
estate
Services
Government




Benchmark,
March 1981

Estimate,
March 1981

Per­
cent
differ­
ence

90,371,000

90,720,000

-0.4

1,107,000
3,934,000
20,085,000

1,084,000
4,048,000
20,016,000

2.1
-2.9
-4

5,102,000
20,096,000

5,095,000
20,290,000

.1
-1.0

5,239,000
18,340,000
16,468,000

5,263,000
18,287,000
16,493,000

-.5
.3
-.2

Reliability of the employment estimates
Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment sample
assures a high degree of accuracy, the estimates derived from it may
differ from the figures that would be obtained if it were possible to
take a complete census using the same schedules and procedures. As
discussed under the previous section, a "link relative" technique is us­
ed to estimate employment. This requires the use of the previous
month's estimate as the base in computing the current month's
estimate. Thus, small sampling and response errors may cumulate
over several months. To remove this accumulated error, the estimates
are usually adjusted annually to new benchmarks. In addition to tak­
ing account of sampling and response errors, the benchmark revision
Table N. Approximate size and coverage of BLS employment
and payrolls sample, March 19811

Industry division

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities:
Railroad transportation (ICC)
Other transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real
estate
Services
Government:
Federal2
State and local

Number
of estab­
lishments
in sample

Number
reported

Percent
of total

177,500

35,740,500

40

2,400
17,300
45,000

387,000
677,000
10,951,000

35
17
55

37

459,500

92

8,100
43,900

2,717,000
3,398,000

53
17

12,200
28,700

1,950,000
3,787,000

37
21

4,900
15,000

2,769,000
8,645,000

100
63

Employees

1
Since a few establishments do not report payroll and hours
information, hours and earnings estimates may be based on a slightly
smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
National estimates of Federal employment by agency are provided to
BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates
for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal
employment, are based on a sample of 4,900 reports covering about 60
percent of employment in Federal establishments.

151

adjusts the estimates for changes in the industrial classification of in­
dividual establishments (resulting from changes in their product which
are not reflected in the levels of estimates until the data are adjusted to
new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed industry levels, par­
ticularly within manufacturing, changes in classification are the major
cause of benchmark adjustments. Another cause of differences arises
from improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O
presents the average percent revisions of the six most recent bench­
marks (excluding the March 1973 adjustment) for major industry
divisions. Detailed descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are
available from the Bureau upon request.
The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating cells are not
subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader groupings may
be affected slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and
earnings estimates, however, are subjec; to sampling errors which may
be expressed as relative errors of the estimates. (A relative error is a
standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate.) Relative errors
for major industries are presented in table O and for individual in­
dustries with the specified number of employees in table P. The
chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours and earnings estimates
from the sample would differ by a smaller percentage than the relative
error from the averages that would have been obtained from a com­
plete census.
One measure of the reliability of the employment estimates for in­
dividual industries is the root-mean-square error (RMSE). The
measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in estimates:
RMSE

= v-,
Standard Deviation)

2

+ (Bias)2

If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that an estimate
from the sample would differ from its benchmark by less than the
root-mean-square error. The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the
difference would be less than twice the root-mean-square error.

Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based on the most
recent benchmark revisions) of differences between final estimates
and benchmarks are presented in table P.
Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings

Size of employment estimate

50,000
100,000 ....
200,000 ....
500,000 ....
1,000,000 .
2,000,000 .

Root-meansquare error
of employ­
ment esti­
mates1

2,100
4,400
7,100

15,200
17,100
28,500

Relative errors2
(in percent)
Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

0.9
.7
.5
.4
.3
.3

1.5
1.1
.9
.8
.5
.5

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to March 1971 data.

For the two most recent months, estimates of employment, hours,
and earnings are preliminary and are so footnoted in the tables. These
figures are based pn less than the total sample and are revised when all
the reports in the sample have been received. Table Q presents rootmean-square errors of the amounts of revisions that may be expected
between the preliminary and final levels of employment and
preliminary and final month-to-month changes. Revisions of
preliminary hours and earnings estimates are normally not greater
than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1 cent for hourly earnings.
STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
State and area employment, hours, and earnings data are collected
•and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with BLS.

Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment
estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry division
(In percent)

Industry division

Total nonagricultural
employment
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods ..".
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Trade
Wholesale
Retail
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government3
1

Average
bench­
mark revi­
sion in
estimates
of employ­
ment1

Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates

Relative
errors2
Average
weekly
hours

Root-mean-square error of-

Average
hourly
earnings




Monthly
level

Month-tomonth change

Total nonagricultural
employment

84,000

72,000

Goods-producing

39,000

34,000

5,000
18,000
31,000
6,300
4,200

5,000
16,000
28,000
5,700
3,900

63,00

57,000

13,000
30,000

14,000
27,000

8,000
31,000
50,000

7,000
25,000
38,000

INDUSTRY DIVISIONS

0.3
.3
1.3
2.2
.4
.4
.5

0.1
.5
.2
.1
.1
.1

0.2
.5
.3
.1
.1
.1

.4
.5
.7
.6

.7
.1
.2
.2

.4
.2
.3
.2

.2
.4

.4
.8

.5
.7
.5

The average percent revision in employment for the following
benchmarks: 1971, 1974, 1978, 1979, 1980 and 1981.
2
Relative errors relate to March 1971 data.
3
Estimates for government are based on a total count for Federal
Government and, prior to the March 1979 revision.samples for State and
local government benchmarked to a quinquennial census of government
conducted by the Bureau of the Census.

152

Category

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable two-digit industries ..
Nondurable two-digit industries
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities . .
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real
estate
Services
Government

NOTE: Division level data are based on differences from January 1976
through December 1981. Two-digit industry data are based on differences
from January 1981 through February 1982.

The area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Definitions for
all areas are published each year in the issue of Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May
issue). Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back cover of each issue. These statistics are based on the same
establishment reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates.
For employment, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from
the equivalent official U.S. totals on a national basis, because some
States have more recent benchmarks than others and because of the
effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification.
For the States and the areas shown in the B and C sections of this
periodical, all the annual average data for the detailed' industry
statistics currently published by each cooperating State agency are
presented in a summary volume published annually by the BLS.
PRODUCTIVITY DATA
Tables C-9, C-10, and C-ll are compiled by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics from establishment data and from estimates of compensation and gross national product supplied by the U.S. Department of
Commerce and the Federal Reserve Board.
Definitions
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments
refer to hours paid for all employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final goods and ser­
vices produced in a given period. Indexes of output per hour of labor
input, or labor productivity, measure changes in the volume of goods
and services produced per unit of labor.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries of employees
plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private benefit
plans. The data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and sup-

plementary payments for the self-employed, except for nonfinancial
corporations, in which there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per hour adjusted to
eliminate the effect of changes in the Consumer Price Index for All
Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost required to
produce one unit of output and are derived by dviding compensation
per hour by output per hour. Unit nonlaborpayments include profits,
depreciation, interest, and indirect taxes per unit of output. They are
computed by subtracting compensation of all persons from the
current-dollar gross national product and dividing by output. In these
tables, unit nonlabor costs contain all the components of unit
nonlabor payments except unit profits. Unit profits include corporate
profits and inventory valuation adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the current-dollar
estimate of gross product by the constant-dollar estimate, making the
deflator, in effect, a price index for gross product of the sector
reported.
Notes on the data
For the private business sector and the nonfarm business sector,
these indexes relate to the gross domestic product less household and
institutions, owner-occupied housing, and statistical discrepancy. For
the nonfinancial corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross
domestic product of nonfinancial corporate business.
Manufacturing data have been revised to reflect the revisions in the
Federal Reserve Board Index of Industrial Production. Output data
are supplied by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department
of Commerce, and the Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly measures
have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to annual
estimates of output (gross product originating) from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis. Compensation and hours data are from the
Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

State and Area Unemployment Data
(D table)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor market
areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under Federal assistance pro­
grams are developed by State employment security agencies under a
Federal-State cooperative program. The local unemployment
estimates which are derived from standardized procedures developed
by BLS are the basis of determining eligibility of an areas for benefits
under Federal programs such as the Comprehensive Employment and
Training Act, the Public Works Employment Act, and the Public
Workers and Economic Development Act.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Labor force and unemployment in 10 large States: New York,
California, Illinois, Ohio, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan,
Texas, Massachusetts, and Florida; and two areas: Los Angeles-Long
Beach metropolitan areas and New York City, are sufficiently reliable
to be used directly from the CPS. For a description of the CPS con­
cepts see "Household Data," above.
Monthly employment and unemployment estimates in the remain­
ing 40 States and 214 labor market areas are prepared in several
stages.
1. Preliminary estimate—employment: The total employment
estimate is based primarily on data from the survey of establishments
which produces an estimate of payroll employment. This place-ofwork estimate must be adjusted to refer to place of residences as used
in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from place of work to place of
residence have been developed for the major categories of employ-




ment by class of worker and industry on the basis of employment rela­
tionships which existed at the time of the 1970 Decennial Census.
These factors are applied to the payroll employment estimates for the
current period to obtain adjusted employment estimates.
2. Preliminary estimate—unemployment: In the current month, the
estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the estimates for each of
three building block categories: (1) Persons who were previously
employed in industires covered by State unemployment insurance (UI)
laws; (2) those previously employed in industires not covered by these
laws; and (3) those who were entering the labor force for the first time
or reentering after a period of separation. This is referred to below as
the Ul-based estimate.
An estimate for those previously employed in covered industries is
derived from a count of current employment insurance claimants, plus
estimates of claimants whose benefits have been exhausted, those per­
sons disqualified from receiving benefits for nonmonetary reasons
(because they quit, were discharged for cause, etc., but would other­
wise have been eligible), and persons who either filed claims late or not
at all.
The estimate of those previously employed in industries not covered
by UI is derived by applying to the employment estimate for each noncovered industry or class of worker subgroup in the State, the ratio of
covered unemployment to covered employment weighted by factors
reflecting national historical relationships.
For the third category, new entrants and reentrants into the labor
force, a composite estimate is developed from equations that relate the
total entrants into the labor force to the experienced unemployed and

153

the experienced labor force. For each month, the estimate of entrants
into the labor force is a function of: (a) the month of the year; (b) the
level of experienced unemployed; (c) the level of the experienced labor
force; and (d) proportion of the working age population that is considered "youth." The composite estimate of total entrants is defined
as :
U = A (X + E) + BX, where
U = total entrant unemployment
E = total employment
X = total experienced unemployment
A,B = synthetic factors incoporating seasonal variation and
an assumed relationship between the proportion of
youths in the working population and the historical
relationship of entrants to the experienced unemployed
(B factor) or the experienced labor force (A factor).
3. Correction factors for employment and unemployment are then
applied at the State level of the Ul-based estimates obtained above for
each of the 40 States and the District of Columbia. These correction
factors are based on the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based estimates for
the 6 month period ending in the current month (e.g. a 6-month moving average).
4. Substate adjustment for additivity. independent estimates of
employment and unemployment are prepared both for the State (obtained directly from the CPS in the 10 large States or by the Ul-based

method in the remaining States), and labor market areas (LMA's)
withing the State. The total of the geographic areas in the LMA's exhausts the geographic boundries of the State. A proportional adjustment is applied to all substate LMA estimates to ensure that the
substate estimates of employment and unemployment add to the independent State totals. In California and New York, which also have
substate areas taken directly from the CPS, the additivity adjustment
for the remaining areas is applied to the State total minus the direct
CPS area.
5. Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year monthly
estimates prepared by the State employment security agencies using
Ul-based estimating procedures are adjusted, or benchmarked, by
BLS to the annual average CPS estimates for the 40 States for which
monthly CPS estimates are not available. This adjustment is necessary
because the State-prepared estimates are not as reliable as the CPS annual averages due to differences in State UI laws, the structual limitations of the Ul-based estimating method, and errors in the UI data.
The benchmarked estimates are produced in three stages. First, the
monthly Ul-based estimates are adjusted by the ratio of the CPS to
the Ul-based annual averages, Second, the difference between the
ratio of annual averages for two consecutive years is wedged into the
monthly estimates in order to minimize the distrubance to the original
series. Finally, the third-stage estimates are forced into agreement
with CPS annual averages. In the 10 States which use CPS estimates
monthly, no benchmark correction is required, as the average of the
12 monthly State CPS estimates will equal CPS annual averages.

Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor force, the
levels of employment and unemployment, and other measures of
labor market activity undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal
events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting these statistics from month to month. These adjustments make
it easier to observe the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in
the series. In evaluating changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is
important to note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a
broader margin of possible error than the original data on which they
are based, since they are subject not only to sampling and other errors
but are also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment
process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and
establishment data are published regularly in Employment and Earnings. ,
The seasonal adjustment program used for these series are based on
an adaptation of the standard ratio-to-moving average method. They
provide for "moving" adjustment factors to take account of changing
seasonal patterns. A detailed description of the method is given in the
publication, The X-ll Variant of the Census Method II Seasonal Adjustment Program, Technical Paper No. 15, Bureau of the Census
(1967).
Beginning in January 1980, the BLS introduced two major
modifications in the seasonal adjustment methodology for data from
the household survey. First, the data are being seasonally adjusted
with a new procedure called X-ll ARIMA, which was developed at
Statistics Canada as an extension of the existing standard X-ll
method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-ll
ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method, by Estela Bee Dagum,
Statistics Canada Catalouge No. 12-564-E, February 1980. The X-ll
procedure was originally developed at the Bureau of the Census and
had been used by the BLS to seasonally adjust labor force series since
1973. Tests have shown that use of the X-ll ARIMA procedure,

154



which essentially place more emphasis on recent data, provides better
seasonal adjustments than does the X-ll method alone.
The second change is that seasonal factors are now being calculated
for use during the first 6 months of the year rather than for the entire
year. In July of each year, the BLS will calculate and publish (in
Employment and Earnings) a new set of seasonal factors for use in the
second half, based on the experience through June. Revisions of
historical data for the most recent 5 years will continued to be made
once a year, at the beginning of each calendar year. However, as a
result of the revisions to the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980 census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early
1982 were carried back to 1970.
All civilian labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well as
the major employment and unemployment estimates, are computed
by aggregating independently adjusted series. For example, for each
of the three major labor force components—agricultural employment,
nonagricultural employment, and unemployment—data for four sexage groups (males and females under and over 20 years of age) are
separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then added to derive
seasonally adjusted total figures. In order to provide seasonally adjusted total employment and civilian labor force estimates, the appropriate series are aggregated. The official unemployment rate for all
civilian workers is derived by dividing the estimate for total unemployment (the sum of 4 seasonally adjusted sex-age components) by the
civilian labor force (the sum of 12 seasonally adjusted sex-age components).
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor force series based on the experience through December 1981, new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate the overall unemployment rate for
the first 6 months of 1982, and a description of the current seasonal
adjustment methodology are published in the February 1982 issue of
Employment and Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering
the 1970-81 revision period for a broader range of labor force series
also appear in the February 1982 issue of this publication. Many additional series, which are either components or aggregates of the series
presented, are available from the BLS upon request.

Beginning in July 1980, the BLS also uses the X-ll ARIMA
methodology in seasonally adjusting the establishment data, which
previously had been computed using the BLS Seasonal Factor
Method. i\ll series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative
models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors used in
calculating the current estimates are based on data through March of
1982. The ARIMA model options for projecting the data series for 1
year ahead have been used in seasonally adjusting the establishment
series, introduced with June 1981 data.
Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to the component
levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for most of these series are then obtained by taking a weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data
for the component series. Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings
are the product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and
seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average weekly earnings in
constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by dividing
average weekly earnings, seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W), and multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate
weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying
average weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsupervisory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the 1977
base. For total private, total goods-producing, total private serviceproducing, trade, manufacturing, and durable and nondurable goods




industries, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted,
are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the
1977 base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number of series
characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trendcycle and/or irregular components. Beginning with data for July
1981, these failed or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series are used
in the aggregation to broader level seasonally adjusted series. In prior
months, the unadjusted series were used in the aggregation process.
The seasonally adjusted establishment data for Federal Government
are based on a series which excludes the Christmas temporary help
employed by the Postal Service in December. The employment of
these workers constitutes the only significant seasonal change in
Federal Government employment during the winter months. Furthermore, the volume of such employment may change substantially from
year to year because of administrative decisions by the Postal Service.
Hence, it was considered desirable to exclude this group from the data
upon which the seasonally adjusted series is based.
The revised seasonally adjusted series for the establishment data
reflect experience through March 1982. Seasonal factors to be used for
current adjustment appear in the June 1982 issue of Employment and
Earnings.

155

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