Full text of Employment and Earnings : November 1990

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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Departments Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
November 1990




U.S DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Elizabeth Dole, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L, Norwood, Commissioner
Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of
Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of
Commerce) and State employment .security agencies, in
cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief
description of the cooperative statistical programs of the
BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory
Notes. The State agencies are listed on the inside back
cover.

Calendar of Features

In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.

Household data
Annual averages

Jan.

Union affiliation

Jan.

Earnings by detailed occupation

Jan.

Revised seasonally adjusted series
Employment and Earnings may be ordered through the
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Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons
not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin,
Vietnam-era veterans and nonvcterans, family
relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty
area data
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.

Establishment data
National annual averages:
Industry divisions (preliminary)

Communications on material in thus publication should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and Earnings,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC 20212.
Specific questions concerning the data in this publication should be directed as follows: Household data,
(202) 523-1944 or 1371; national establishment data,
523-1172: State and area establishment data, 523-1227;
productivity data, 523-9261; and State and area labor
force data. 523-1002.

Mar.

Women employees (final)

Mar.

June1

Revised historical national cata

(2)

State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

May

State and area labor force data

ISSN 0013-6840




Jan.

Industry detail (final)

National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and
new seasonal adjustment factors

Second class postage paid at Washington, DC. and at
additional mailing addresses.
Material in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without
permission

Jan., Feb.

Annual averages

1
:

The September 1990 issue introduced March 1989 benchmarks.
A historical buMetin is forthcoming.

May

Employment and Earnings
Vol. 37

No. 11 November 1990

Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Rosalie K. Epstein

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Employment and unemployment developments, October 1990

2
4

Statistical tables:
HistoricalHousehold data
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings

6
43
79

Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Establishment data:
Employment:
National
State and area
Hours and earnings:
National
State and area
State and area labor force data

9

44
60
82
106
115

Seasonally adjustedHousehold data
Establishment data:
Employment
Hours and earnings
Productivity data
Explanatory notes




36
56
103
112
121

MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA

Page

Employment Status
A- 1.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1956 to date

AAAAAA-

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1979 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1956 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school
enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
Employment status of persons in families by family relationship

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

A- 8.
A- 9.
A-10.

6
7
8
9
12
13
14
16
17
18

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-l 1.
A-12.
A-13.
A-14.
A-15.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.

Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed

persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
persons by occupation and sex
persons by industry and sex
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
persons by duration of unemployment
persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used

19
20
21
22
23
23
24
25
26
26

Characteristics of the Employed
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.

Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
Employed civilians by industry and occupation
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status

27
28
29
30
31
31
32
32
33
34
35

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data




A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed in the
United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic
origin, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted

36
37
38
39
40
40
41
41
42
42

MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Page

Employment-National
BBBB-

1.
2.
3.
4.

B- 5.
B- 6.
B- 7.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1938 to date
Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group.
seasonally adjusted
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

43
44
55
56
57
58
59

Employment-States and Areas
B- 8.

Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

60

Hours and Earnings-National
C- 1.

Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
C- 2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by detailed industry
C- 2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles
(SIC 3761) manufacturing . .
C- 3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
C- 4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
C- 5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
C- 6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
C- 7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls, seasonally adjusted

79
82
100
101
102
103
104
105

Hours and Earnings-States and Areas
C- 8.

Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and
selected areas

106

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
C- 9.
C-10.
C-ll.

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry.
seasonally adjusted
Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates

112
113
114

MONTHLY STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
D- 1.




Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas

115

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, October 1990

The nation's job market showed further weakness in
October. Nonfarm payroll employment fell slightly, as large
job losses in construction and manufacturing were only partly
offset by gains in the services industry. The civilian worker
unemployment rate held steady at 5.7 percent.
Unemployment
After inching upward since June, both the number of
unemployed, 7.1 million, and the civilian worker
unemployment rate, 5.7 percent, were unchanged in October.
The unemployment rate for all of the major worker groups—
adult men (5.1 percent), adult women (4.9 percent),
teenagers (16.2 percent), whites (4.9 percent), blacks (11.8
percent), and Hispanics (8.1 percent)—were little changed
or unchanged in October. (See tables A-33 and A-34.)
The proportion of the unemployed who lost their last jobs
was about unchanged in October. At 3.5 million, the number
of job losers was about 400,000 higher than the June level.
The number of persons working part time who would prefer
full-time work (workers on part time for economic reasons)
also was little changed in October but has risen by 450,000
since June. (See tables A-35 and A-41.)
Civilian employment and the labor force
Total civilian employment edged down to 117.7 million
in October. Employment had risen by 500,000 during the
first half of the year but since then has dropped by nearly
700,000. The proportion of the working-age population that
is employed (the employment-population ratio) was 62.4
percent in October. That measure had hovered around 63.0
percent during all of 1989 and the first half of 1990. (See
table A-33.)
The civilian labor force, at 124.8 million, has shown no
growth since spring, although the working-age population
has continued to increase. As a result, the labor force
participation rate has begun to inch down. Most of this
declining participation has occurred among teenagers, but
even the rate for adult women, which had been on a long
upward trend, has been edging down in recent months. (See
table A-33.)
Industry payroll employment
Nonfarm payroll employment signaled continued weakness




in October, as substantial job losses in construction,
manufacturing, and retail trade more than offset gains in
services and State and local government. Total payroll
employment edged down by 70,000 over the month,
and, unlike recent months, temporary census workers
accounted for a very small portion of that decrease. (See
table B-4.)
Construction lost the most jobs in October, with a decline
of 80,000 that was widespread throughout the industry. With
building activity having slowed considerably, the industry
has had decreases of 185,000 jobs over the last 5 months.
Employment in mining was little changed over the month,
despite a small increase in oil and gas extraction.
In manufacturing, employment declined by 60,000 in
October, continuing a downward trend which has seen the
number of jobs in the nation's factories drop by 175,000 in
the last 3 months and by 580,000 since the peak level in
January 1989. Durable goods industries have borne the brunt
of these job losses, with widespread employment declines
in October including losses in electronic equipment,
fabricated metals, transportation equipment, lumber, and
furniture. Reductions also occurred in several of the
nondurable goods industries, including textiles, apparel,
rubber and plastics, and leather.
In the service-producing sector, retail trade experienced
a drop of 50,000 in October, following 2 months of smaller
declines. Wholesale trade decreased by 10,000, as the
problems in manufacturing and construction continue to affect
adversely employment among the distributors of goods. The
durable goods component of wholesale trade has lost 25,000
jobs since June.
Elsewhere in the service sector, the services industry itself
added 95,000 jobs in October. As has been the case in recent
months, health services accounted for most of this gain, but
there were also increases in several other services industries
in October, including social services and private education.
Employment in business services edged down; this industry
has shown no clear employment trend since May.
Employment in State and local government rose over the
month, mainly in education.
Weekly hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls fell by half an hour in
October to 34.2 hours, seasonally adjusted. The decline in
hours was widespread across industries. In manufacturing,

the workweek declined by 0.3 hour to 40.8 hours, while
overtime was unchanged at 3.7 hours. (See table C-5.)
Declines in both employment and the workweek resulted
in steep declines in the indexes of aggregate weekly hours.
The index for private production or nonsupervisory workers
declined by 1.6 percent to 123.3 (1982 = 100) in October,
seasonally adjusted. The construction index fell 5.6 percent
to 132.4, and the index for manufacturing, at 105.8, was
down about 1.0 percent over the month and 2.2 percent over
the past year. (See table C-6.)




Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls were unchanged in
October at $10.17. Average weekly earnings, however, were
down 1.4 percent, seasonally adjusted, as a result of the sharp
drop in weekly hours. Prior to seasonal adjustment, average
weekly earnings decreased $4.07 to $349.85. Over the year,
average hourly earnings rose 3.7 percent and average weekly
earnings were up 2.5 percent. (See tables C-l and C-7.)

Note on temporary census workers
The number of temporary workers associated with the 1990 census has
an impact on the employment levels for the Federal Government, as well
as for higher aggregates. The estimate of these workers was 22,000 in
January, 27,000 in February, 117,000 in March, 178,000 in April, 378,000
in May, 367,000 in June, 194,000 in July, 66,000 in August, and 26,000
in September. For October, the estimated number (preliminary) was 19,000.

Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month

Release date

Reference month

Release date

November

December 7

February

March 8

December

January 4

March

April 5

January

February 1

April

May 3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1956 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force

Year
and
month

Noninstitutional
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Unemployed
Civilian

Total

Agriculture
I

Annual averages
63,799
6,283
64,071
5,947
63,036
5,586
64,630
5,565

112,919
114,213
115,574
117,117

68,517
68,877
69,486
70,157

60.7
60.3
60.1
59.9

65,764
66,019
64,883
66,418

1,965
1,948
1,847
1,788

I9601 .
1961 ..
19621 .
1963 ..
1964 ..
1965 ..
1966 ..
1967 ..
1968 ..
1969 ..

119,106
120,671
122,214
124,422
126,503
128,459
130,180
132,092
134,281
136,573

71,489
72,359
72,675
73,839
75,109
76,401
77,892
79,565
80,990
82,972

60.0
60.0
59.5
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.8
60.2
60.3
60.8

67,639
67,646
68,763
69,768
71,323
73,034
75,017
76,590
78,173
80,140

1,861
1,900
2,061
2,006
2,018
1,946
2,122
2,218
2,253
2,238

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

1970 ..
1971 ..
19721 .
19731 .
1974 ..
1975 ..
1976 ..
1977 ..
19781 .
1979 ..

139,203
142,189
145,939
148,870
151,841
154,831
157,818
160,689
163,541
166,460

84,889
86,355
88,847
91,203
93,670
95,453
97,826
100,665
103,882
106,559

61.0
60.7
60.9
61.3
61.7
61.6
62.0
62.6
63.5
64.0

80,796
81,340
83,966
86,838
88,515
87,524
90,420
93,673
97,679
100,421

2,118
1,973
1,813
1,774
1,721
1,678
1,668
1,656
1,631
1,597

1980 ..
1981 ..
1982 ..
1983 ..
1984 ..
1985 ..
19861 .
1987 ..
1988 ..
1989 ..

169,349
171,775
173,939
175,891
178,080
179,912
182,293
184,490
186,322
188,081

108,544
110,315
111,872
113,226
115,241
117,167
119,540
121,602
-123,378
125,557

64.1
64.2
64.3
64.4
64.7
65.1
65.6
65.9
66.2
66.8

100,907
102,042
101,194
102,510
106,702
108,856
111,303
114,177
116,677
119,030

1,604
1,645
1,668
1,676
1,697
1,706
1,706
1,737
1,709
1,688

1956
1957
1958
1959

..
..
..
..

Nonagncultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

57,514
58,123
57,450
59,065

2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

4.0
4.2
6.6
5.3

44,402
45,336
46,088
46,960

5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.4
6.5
5.4
5.5
5.0
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.4

47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.8
5.8
5.5
4.8
5.5
8.3
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8

54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169
3,199

95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434
109,232
111,800
114,142

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528

7.0
7.5
9.5
9.5
7.4
7.1
6.9
6.1
5.4
5.2

60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
62,888
62,944
62,523

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1989:
October ....
November
December

188,580
188,721
188,865

125,857
126,192
126,246

66.7
66.9
66.8

119,294
119,540
119,588

1,709
1,704
1,700

117,585
117,836
117,888

3,197
3,160
3,197

114,388
114,676
114,691

6,563
6,652
6,658

5.2
5.3
5.3

62,723
62,529
62,619

188,990
189,090
189,198
189,326
189,467
189,607
189,763
189,901
190,002
190,095

126,094
126,308
126,498
126,543
126,643
126,466
126,394
126,300
126,568
126,354

66.7
66.8
66.9
66.8
66.8
66.7
66.6
66.5
66.6
66.5

119,560
119,713
120,003
119,773
119,989
120,019
119,580
119,298
119,499
119,281

1,697
1,678
1,669
1,657
1,639
1,630
1,627
1,640
1,601
1,570

117,863
118,035
118,334
118,116
118,350
118,389
117,953
117,658
117,898
117,711

3,134
3,079
3,200
3,133
3,305
3,348
3,085
3,137
3,181
3,167

114,728
114,957
115,133
114,983
115,045
115,041
114,867
114,521
114,717
114,545

6,535
6,594
6,495
6,770
6,653
6,447
6,814
7,003
7,069
7,073

5.2
5.2
5.1
5.3
5.3
5.1
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.6

62,896
62,782
62,700
62,783
62,824
63,141
63,369
63,601
63,434
63,741

1990:
January ....
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October ....

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for




seasonal variation.
NOTE: Revisions of seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data
(shown in tables A-1 through A-3 and A-32 through A-53) for the most
recent 5-year period are made at the end of each calendar year.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1979 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force

Sex, year,
and month

Noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Civilian

Resident
Armed
Forces

Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
MEN

1979

79,509

62,215

78.2

59,096

1,489

57,607

2,686

54,921

3,120

5.0

17,293

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

80,877
82,023
83,052
84,064
85,156
86.025
87,349
88,476
89,404
90,283

62,932
63,486
63,979
64,580
65,386
65,967
66,973
67,784
68,474
69,360

77.8
77.4
77.0
76.8
76.8
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.6
76.8

58,665
58,909
57,800
58,320
60,642
61,447
62,443
63.684
64,820
65,835

1,479
1,512
1,529
1,533
1,551
1,556
1,551
1,577
1,547
1,520

57,186
57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892
62,107
63,273
64,315

2,709
2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511
2,543
2,493
2,513

54,477
54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381
59.564
60,780
61,802

4,267
4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530
4,101
3,655
3,525

6.8
7.2
9.7
9.7
7.3
6.9
6.8
6.1
5.3
5A

17,945
18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376
20,692
20,930
20,923

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1989:
October
November
December

90,535
90,606
90,678

69,599
69,635
69,725

76.9
76.9
76.9

66,046
66,011
66,143

1,533
1,529
1,525

64,513
64,482
64,618

2,513
2,477
2,535

62,000
62,005
62,083

3,553
3,624
3,582

5.1
5.2
5.1

20,936
20,971
20,953

90,772
90,822
90,874
90,942
91,014
91,087
91,168
91,240
91,271
91,299

69,539
69.639
69,712
69,779
69,737
69,599
69,544
69,459
69,809
69,780

76.6
76.7
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.4
76.3
76.1
76.5
76.4

65,943
66,108
66,208
66,043
66.058
66,000
65,740
65,596
65,867
65,862

1,523
1,506
1,497
1,499
1,472
1,465
1,462
1,475
1,441
1,414

64,420
64,602
64,711
64,544
64,586
64,535
64,278
64,121
64,426
64,448

2,501
2,461
2,499
2,415
2,560
2,601
2,458
2,458
2,506
2,504

61,918
62,141
62,212
62,129
62,026
61,933
61,821
61,663
61,919
61,944

3.597
3,530
3,505
3,735
3,679
3,599
3,804
3,863
3,943
3,918

5.2
5.1
5.0
5.4
5.3
5.2
5.5
5.6
5.6
5.6

21,233
21,183
21,162
21,163
21,277
21,488
21,624
21,781
21,462
21,519

41,217

661

40,556

3,018

42,117
43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706
50,334
51,696
53,027

656
667
665
680
653
644
652
666
676
687

41,461
42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054
49,668
51,020
52,341

3,370
3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707
3,324
3,046
3,003

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.5
5.3

42,861
42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376
42,195
42,014
41,601

1990:
January
February
March
April
May
June

July
August

September
October

Annual averages
WOMEN

1979

86,951

44,343

51.0

41,325

1980

88,472
89,751
90,887
91,827
92,924
93,886
94,944
96,013
96,918
97,798

45,611
46,829
47,894
48,646
49,855
51,200
52,568
53,818
54,904
56,198

51.6
52.2
52.7
53.0
53.7
54.5
55.4
56.1
56.6
57.5

42,241
43,133
43,395
44,190
46,061
47,409
48,861
50,494
51,858
53,195

1981

1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

,

124
133
139
143
146
150
155
160
162
168

42,608

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1989:
October
November
December

98,045
98,115
98,187

56,258
56,557
56,521

57.4
57.6
57.6

53,248
53,529
53,445

176
175
175

53,072
53,354
53,270

684
683
662

52,388
52,671
52,608

3,010
3,028
3,076

5.4
5.4
5.4

41,787
41,558
41,666

98,218
98,268
98,324
98,383
98,453
98,520
98,595
98,661
98,731

56,555
56,669
56,785
56,764
56,906
56,867
56,849
56,842
56,758
56,575

57.6
57.7
57.8
57.7
57.8
57.7
57.7
57.6
57.5
57.3

53,617
53,605
53,795
53,729
53,931
54,019
53,839
53,702
53,632
53,419

174
172
172
158
167
165
165
165
160
156

53,443
53,433
53,623
53,571
53,764
53,854
53,674
53,537
53,472
53,263

633
618
702
718
745
747
628
679
674
662

52,810
52,815
52,921
52,853
53,019
53,108
53,047
52,858
52,798
52,601

2,938
3,064
2,990
3,034
2,975
2,848
3,010
3,140
3,126
3,156

5.2
5.4
5.3
5.3
5.2
5.0
5.3
5.5
5.5
5.6

41,663
41,599
41,539
41,619
41,547
41,653
41,746
41,819
41,973
42,221

1990:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September....
October

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.




2

The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-3.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1956 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Year
and
month

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployment rates

Civilian labor force
Total

Percent of
population

Employed

Unemployed

Total

Men

Women

Annual averages
1956
1957
1958
1959

110,954
112,265
113,727
115,329

66,552
66,929
67,639
68,369

60.0
59.6
59.5
59.3

63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5

3.8
4.1
6.8
5.2

4.8
4.7
6.8
5.9

I9601
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8

5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7

1970.
1971 .
19721
19731
1974.
1975.
1976.
1977
19781
1979

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1

5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
1987
1988
1989

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613
186,393

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9
66.5

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3

6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9
6.2
5.5
5.2

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.6
5.4

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1989:
October....
November
December

186,871
187,017
187,165

124,148
124,488
124,546

66.4
66.6
66.5

117,585
117,836
117,888

6,563
6,652
6,658

5.3
5.3
5.3

5.2
5.3
5.3

5.4
5.4
5.5

1990:
January ....
February ..
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October....

187,293
187,412
187,529
187,669
187,828
187,977
188,136
188,261
188,401
188,525

124,397
124,630
124,829
124,886
125,004
124,836
124,767
124,660
124,967
124,784

66.4
66.5
66.6
66.5
66.6
66.4
66.3
66.2
66.3
66.2

117,863
118,035
118,334
118,116
118,350
118,389
117,953
117,658
117,898
117,711

6,535
6,594
6,495
6,770
6,653
6,447
6,814
7,003
7,069
7,073

5.3
5.3
5.2
5.4
5.3
5.2
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.7

5.3
5.2
5.1
5.5
5.4
5.3
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.7

5.2
5.4
5.3
5.4
5.2
5.0
5.3
5.5
5.5
5.6

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the




Explanatory Notes.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
October 1990
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

188,525
13,655
6,590
7,065
17,787
105,990
42,627
20,702
21,925
37,791
20,043
17,749
25,572
14,003
11,569
21,239
10,592
10,647
29,854
10,099
7,983
11,772

125,020
6,895
2,551
4,343
13,749
88,834
35,724
17,311
18,413
32,337
17,091
15,245
20,774
11,757
9,017
12,034
7,199
4,835
3,508
2,126

89,885
6,871
3,368
3,504
8,630
51,900
20,994
10,159
10,835
18,503
9,846
8,657
12,402
6,801
5,601
10,048
5,045
5,003
12,435
4,584
3,492
4,359

98,640
6,784
3,223
3,561
9,157
54,090
21,633
10,543
11,090
19,288
10,196
9,092
13,170
7,201
5,968
11,190
5,547
5,644
17,419
5,515
4,491
7,413

879
502

66.3
50.5
38.7
61.5
77.3
83.8
83.8
83.6
84.0
85.6
85.3
85.9
81.2
84.0
77.9
56.7
68.0
45.4
11.8
21.1
11.0

118,299
5,777
2,085
3,692
12,516
84,987
33,850
16,357
17,494
31,078
16,359
14,718
20,059
11,349
8,709
11,619
6,946
4,672
3,400
2,056

4.3

852
491

68,196
3,604
1,332
2,272
7,160
48,569
19,776
9,549
10,228
17,484
9,371
8,114
11,309
6,326
4,983
6,892
4,077
2,815
1,971
1,150
515
305

75.9
52.4
39.6
64.8
83.0
93.6
94.2
94.0
94.4
94.5
95.2
93.7
91.2
93.0
89.0
68.6
80.8
56.3
15.8
25.1
14.8
7.0

64,596
2,990
1,081
1,909
6,521
46,548
18,806
9,060
9,746
16,813
8,966
7,847
10,929
6,123
4,806
6,631
3,921
2,710
1,907
1,109
495
302

56,824
3,291
1,219
2,072
6,589
40,265
15,948
7,763
8,185
14,852
7,720
7,132
9,465
5,431
4,034
5,141
3,121
2,020
1,537
976
364
198

57.6
48.5
37.8
58.2
72.0
74.4
73.7
73.6
73.8
77.0
75.7
78.4
71.9
75.4
67.6
45.9
56.3
35.8
8.8
17.7
6.1
2.7

53,702
2,787
1,004
1,783
5,995
38,439
15,044
7,296
7,748
14,265
7.394
6,871
9,130
5,226
3,904
4,988
3,025
1,963
1,493
947
357
189

6,722
1,117

5.4
16.2
18.3
15.0
9.0
4.3
5.2
5.5
5.0
3.9
4.3
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.1
3.3
3.1
2.3

63,505
6,760
4,039
2,721
4,038
17,156
6,903
3,390
3,513
5,455
2,951
2,503
4,798
2,246
2,552
9,205
3,393
5,812
26,346
7,972
7,104
11,270

26,179

21,688
3,268
2,036
1,232
1,470
3,330
1,218

601
34
12
22
35
275
100
45
55
102
60
41
73
20
53
77
27
51

64
41
20
3

5.3
17.0
18.9
15.9
8.9
4.2
4.9
5.1
4.7
3.8
4.3
3.3
3.4
3.2
3.6
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.2
3.6
3.9
.9

3,122
504
215
289
594
1,826
904
467
437
587
327
260
335
204
131
153
96
57
44
29
7
9

5.5
15.3
17.6
13.9
9.0
4.5
5.7
6.0
5.3
4.0
4.2
3.7
3.5
3.8
3.2
3.0
3.1
2.8
2.9
3.0
1.9
4.3

41,817
3,493
2,004
1,489
2,568
13,825
5,685
2,780
2,905
4,436
2,476
1,960
3,705
1,770
1,934
6,049
2,425
3,624
15,881
4,539
4,127
7,215

466
651
1,233
3,848
1,874

955
919
1,259

732
527
715
407
308
415
252
163
108
70
27
11

428
85
344
1,365
11,391
4,689
2,238
2,451
3,642
2,086
1,556
3,060
1,439
1,621
4,190
1,836
2,354
8,803
2,733
2,386
3,684

9,233
5,904
3,797
2,107
2,066
1,209

3,802

792
506
287
341
209
132
76
53
23
33
21
11
22
5
4
12

364
149
214
525
222
303
634
312
322
797
400
398

37
14
23
86
1,522

1,358

339
267
752

24,292
391
143
248
521
3,033
1,058
497
560
948
435
513
1,028
442
585
4,185
1,136
3,049
16,163!
4,895
4,447
6,821

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

3,600

614
251
362
639
2,022

970
488
482
672
405
267
380
203
177
262
156
106

610
608
1,019

476
543
1,094

475
618
3,156

968
2,188
10,465
3,434
2,977
4,054

4,528
2,997
1,949
1,047
1,105

414
315
213
102
90
58
31
9
9
_
9
4
5

181

47
48
86

4
_
1
3

2,050

23
6
17
58
981
248
100
147
320
134
186
413
205
208
457
238
219
531
170
112
249

14,509
215
69
146
272
1,661
555
252
303
508
222
285
598
242
356
2,612
699
1,913
9.749
3,217
2,816
3,716

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over




25,577

395
73
322
1,330
11,117
4,590
2,193
2,396
3,540
2,026
1,515
2,987
1,419
1,568
4,113
1,809
2,303
8,623
2,686
2,338
3,599

4,705
2,907
1,848
1,059
961
796
477
292
185
251
150
101
67
44

23
24
17
6
18
6
3
9

1,751
14
8
6
29
541
116
49

67
205
87
117
221
107
114
340
162
178
827
169
155
503

9,783
176
74
102
249
1,372
502
245
257
440
213

227
429
200
229
1,573
437
1,136
6,414
1,678
1,631
3,104

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
October 1990
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

160,717
10,965
5,243
5,722
14,660
89,830
35,705
17,234
18,471
32,181
16,946
15,235
21,944
12,027
9,917
18,490
9,133
9,357
26,773
8,989
7,179
10,604

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Percent
of
population

Employed

107,362
5,941
2,235
3,706
11,600
76,043
30,314
14,631
15,683
27,771
14,574
13,197
17,958
10,182
7,777
10,633
6,310
4,324
3,145
1,896
797
451

66.8
54.2
42.6
64.8
79.1
84.7
84.9
84.9
84.9
86.3
86.0
86.6
81.8
84.7
78.4
57.5
69.1
46.2
11.7
21.1
11.1
4.3

102,452
5,111
1,868
3,244
10,760
73,252
29,009
13,965
15,044
26,860
14,053
12,807
17,384
9,846
7,538
10,280
6,099
4,180
3,049
1,837
770
442

4,910
829
367
462
841
2,791
1,305

77,239
5,535
2,685
2,850
7,193
44,513
17,788
8,553
9,235
15,965
8,438
7,528
10,760
5,914
4.846
8,807
4,391
4,416
11,191
4,109
3,143
3,939

59,232
3,113
1,178
1,935
6,061
42,120
16,980
8,151
8,829
15,226
8,102
7,123
9,914
5,560
4,354
6,138
3,621
2,518
1,800
1,042
477
281

76.7
56.2
43.9
67.9
84.3
94.6
95.5
95.3
95.6
95.4
96.0
94.6
92.1
94.0
89.8
69.7
82.5
57.0
16.1
25.4
15.2
7.1

83,478
5,430
2,559
2,871
7,467
45,317
17,917
8,681
9,236
16,215
8,508
7,707
11,185
6,113
5,071
9,682
4,742
4,941
15,582
4,881
4,037
6,665

48,130
2,828
1,057
1,771
5,539
33,923
13,334
6,480
6,854
12,545
6,471
6,074
8,045
4,622
3,423
4,495
2,689
1,806
1,345
854
320
170

57.7
52.1
41.3
61.7
74.2
74.9
74.4
74.6
74.2
77.4
76.1
78.8
71.9
75.6
67.5
46.4
56.7
36.6
8.6
17.5
7.9
2.5

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

639
911
521
390
574
335
239
354
210
144
95
60
27
9

4.6
14.0
16.4
12.5
7.2
3.7
4.3
4.6
4.1
3.3
3.6
3.0
3.2
3.3
3.1
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.0
3.1
3.4
2.0

53,355
5,024
3,009
2,016
3,059
13,787
5,391
2,603
2,788
4,410
2,372
2,038
3,986
1,845
2,140
7,856
2,824
5,033
23,628
7,093
6,382
10,153

22,443
320
64
257
1,007
9,440
3,815
1,799
2,016
3,019
1,714
1,305
2,606
1,214
1,392
3,672
1,571
2,100
8,004
2,462
2,199
3,343

6,978
4,391
2,832
1,559
1,628
914
590
371
218
266
154
111
58
39
19
26
18
8
19
5
4
10

2,836
32
11
21
54
1,136
258
107
150
400
164
236
478
232
247
590
295
295
1,024
245
193
586

21,098
282
103
179
370
2,297
729
325
404
725
340
385
843
360
483
3,569
939
2,630
14,581
4,381
3,986
6,214

56,545
2,645
977
1,668
5,600
40,646
16,306
7,799
8,507
14,735
7,814
6,921
9,605
5,389
4,215
5,915
3,491
2,424
1,740
1,005
457
279

2,687
468
201
266
462
1,474
674
352
322
491
289
202
309
171
138
224
130
94
60
37
20
3

4.5
15.0
17.1
13.8
7.6
3.5
4.0
4.3
3.6
3.2
3.6
2.8
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.3
3.6
4.2
1.0

18,007
2,422
1,507
916
1,131
2,394
808
402
406
739
335
404
846
354
492
2,669
770
1,898
9,391
3,067
2.666
3,658

449
23
7
16
17
178
63
26
37
69
41
28
46
8
38
63
18
44
167
39
47
82

3,400
2,219
1,439
781
879
290
227
163
64
58
34
24
5
5

1,537
22
5
17
39
727
172
70
102
244
96
148
311
149
163
343
173
169
406
127
80
200

12,621
158
55
102
196
1,198
346
143
203
368
163
205
484
192
292
2,256
576
1,680
8,813
2,902
2,538
3,374

45,907
2,466
891
1.575
5,160
32,607
12,703
6,166
6,536
12,124
6,239
5,886
7,779
4,457
3.322
4,365
2.608
1,757
1,309
832
314
164

2,223
362
166
196
379
1,317
631
314
317
420
232
188
265
165
101
130
80
50
35
22
7

4.6
12.8
15.7
11.1
6.8
3.9
4.7
4.8
4.6
3.4
3.6
3.1
3.3
3.6
2.9
2.9
3.0
2.8
2.6
2.6
2.2
3.7

35,348
2,602
1,502
1,100
1,928
11,393
4,583
2,201
2,382
3.670
2,037
1.633
3,140
1,491
1,648
5,187
2,053
3,134
14,238
4,026
3,716
6,495

21,994
297
56
241
990
9,262
3,752
1,773
1.979
2,950
1,673
1.277
2,560
1.206
1.354
3,609
1,553
2,056
7,837
2,423
2,152
3,262

3.578
2,171
1,393
778
749
624
363
208
155
208
120
88
53
34
19
18
15
3
16
6
3
7

1,299
10
6
5
15
409
86
38
48
156
67
88
167
83
84
248
122
126
617
119
113
386

8,477
124
47
77
173
1,098
382
182
200
357
177
180
359
168
191
1,313
363
950
5,768
1,479
1,449
2,840

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

10




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
October 1990

Not in labor force

Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

21,383
2,130
1,050
1,080
2,439
12,149
5,349
2,663
2,686
4,135
2,297
1,838
2,665
1,417
1,248
2,142
1,125
1,017
2,523
908
665
950

13,497
768
260
508
1,691
9,681
4,258
2,085
2,173
3,368
1,876
1,492
2,055
1,132
923
1,052
667
384
305
190
70
45

63.1
36.1
24.8
47.1
69.3
79.7
79.6
78.3
80.9
81.4
81.7
81.2
77.1
79.9
73.9
49.1
59.3
37.8
12.1
20.9
10.5
4.8

11,957
526
169
357
1,350
8,786
3,763
1,832
1,931
3,074
1,691
1,383
1,949
1,078
870
1,002
631
371
293
181
69
43

1,539
243
92
151
340
895
495
253
242
294
185
109
106
53
53
50
37
13
12
9
2

11.4
31.6
35.2
29.8
20.1
9.2
11.6
12.1
11.2
8.7
9.9
7.3
5.2
4.7
5.7
4.7
5.5
3.4
3.8
4.6
(1)
(1)

7,887
1,361
790
572
749
2,469
1,091
578
512
768
421
346
610
285
325
1,090
458
632
2,218
718
595
905

2,838
98
15
82
307
1,409
646
332
313
423
257
166
340
160
180
384
197
187
641
219
155
267

1,605
1,171
736
435
284
144
87
62
25
50
36
14
7
5
1
3
_
3

9,603
1,052
531
521
1,113
5,450
2,423
1,207
1,217
1,847
1,027
820
1,180
628
552
967
518
450
1,020
396
289
335

6,730
391
123
268
875
4,759
2,142
1,061
1,081
1,624
923
701
993
545
448
564
349
215
141
85
35
21

70.1
37.2
23.1
51.5
78.6
87.3
88.4
88.0
88.8
87.9
89.9
85.5
84.1
86.7
81.2
58.3
67.3
47.8
13.8
21.4
12.1
6.3

5,940

790
121
46
75
159
473
259
123
136
160
107
53
53
25
29
33
24
9
4
4
-

11.7
31.0
37.8
28.0
18.1
9.9
12.1
11.6
12.6
9.9
11.6
7.6
5.4
4.6
6.4
5.8
6.9
4.0
2.9
4.4
(1)

2,873
661
409
252
238
691
281
145
136
223
104
119
187
84
104
404
169
235
879
311
254
314

130
10
5
6
15
80
28
15
14
26
13
13
26
11
15
14
8
6
11
7
1
4

11,780
1,078
518
559
1,326
6,699
2,926
1,457
1,469
2,288
1,271
1,018
1,485
788
696
1,175
608

6,767
377
137
240
816
4,922
2,116
1,023
1,093
1,744
953
791
1,062
587
475
488
319
169
164
105
35
24

57.4
35.0
26.5
42.9
61.5
73.5
72.3
70.3
74.4
76.2

5,014
700
381
319
511
1,777
810
433
377
544
318
227

2,708
87
11
77
292
1,330
617
318
300
398
244
153
314
150
165
370
189
181
630
212
154
264

846
3
3
_
27
325
87
35
52
111
52
59
126
62
65
196
101
95
295
87
59
149

2,598
89
35
55
131
591
271
149
122
183
76
107
137
58
79
508
160
347
1,279
412
382
486

788
605
389
216
145
39
21
13
7
17
10
6
1
1
_
_
_
_
_

431
1
1
_
16
199
60
24
36
62
32
30
78
41
36
106
61
44
110
42
24
43

1,524
45
14
31
63
374
172
93
79
119
49
71
82
30
52
284
100
184
758
263
228
267

816
566
347
219
140
105
66
49
17
34
26
7
5
4
1
3
_
3
2
_
_
3

415
3
3
_
11
126
27
11
16
49
20
30
49
21
28
90
39
51
185

1,074
44
21
24
68
217
99
56
43
64

2
_
3

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

270
76
193
716
4,286
1,883
939
944
1,464
816
647
940

520
420
531
324
206
137
81
35
21

O

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

567
1,503
511
376
615

75.0
77.7
71.5
74.4
68.2
41.6
52.5
29.9
10.9
20.5

6,018
256
92
164
634
4,500
1,880
894
987
1,610
875
736
1,009
558
451
471
306
165
157
100

9.3
3.9

35
22

749
121
45
76
181
422
236
130
106
134

78
55
52
28

24
17
12
4

7
5
2

11.1
32.2
32.9
31.7
22.3
8.6
11.1
12.7
9.7
7.7
8.2
7.0
4.9
4.8
5.1
3.5
3.9
2.6
4.5
4.8
(1)
(1)

423
202
222
686
289
398
1,339
406
341
591

45
34
106

27
36

55
27
27
223
60
163
521
149
153
219

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




11

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
October 1990
Civilian labor force
Age and sex

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

27.808
2,690
1,347
1,343
3.128
16,161
6.922
3,468
3,454
5,611
3,097
2.514
3,628
1,975
1,652
2,749
1,459
1,290
3,081
1,109
804
1,168

17,658
954
316
637
2,149
12,792
5,410
2,680
2,730
4,566
2,518
2,048
2,815
1.575
1.240
1,400
889
511
363
230
82
51

63.5
35.5
23.5
47.5
68.7
79.2
78.2
77.3
79.0
81.4
81.3
81.5
77.6
79.7
75.1
50.9
61.0
39.6
11.8
20.7
10.2
4.4

15,846
666
217
449
1,756
11,734
4,842
2,392
2,450
4,218
2.307
1,911
2,675
1,503
1,172
1,339
847
492
350
220
82
49

235
15
7
8
20
142
55
29
26
58
32
26
29
23
6
37
17
20
22
16
3
2

12,646
1,336
683
653
1,437
7,387
3,206
1,606
1,600
2,538
1,409
1,129
1,643
887
755
1,241
654
587
1,245
475
350
420

8,964
491
154
337
1,099
6,450
2,796
1,398
1,399
2,259
1,268
990
1,395
766
629
754
456
298
171
109
39
23

70.9
36.7
22.5
51.5
76.5
87.3
87.2
87.0
87.4
89.0
90.0
87.7
84.9
86.3
83.3
60.8
69.8
50.7
13.7
22.8
11.1
5.6

8,051
345
104
241
922
5,902
2,501
1,262
1,239
2,077
1,152
925
1,324
733
590
716
430
286
167
105
39
22

15,162
1,353
664
689
1,690
8,774
3,716
1,862
1,854
3,073
1,688
1,385
1,985
1,088
897
1,508
805
703
1,836
634
454
748

8.694
463
163
301
1,050
6,342
2,614
1.283
1,331
2,307
1,249
1,058
1,420
809
611
646
433
213
193
122
43
28

57.3
34.2
24.5
43.6
62.1
72.3
70.3
68.9
71.8
75.1
74.0
76.4
71.5
74.4
68.1
42.8
53.7
30.4
10.5
19.2
9.6
3.7

7.795
321
113
208
835
5,833
2,341
1,130
1,211
2,141
1,155
986
1,351
769
581
623
417
206
184
115
43
25

Employed
Percent
of
population

Total

Unemployed

Not in
labor
force

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

15,611
651
210
440
1,736
11,593
4,787
2,363
2,424
4,160
2,275
1,885
2,646
1,480
1,165
1,303
830
472
329
203
79
47

1,811
288
99
189
392
1,057
568
289
280
348
211
137
141
72
69
61
42
19
13
11

10.3
30.2
31.3
29.6
18.3
8.3
10.5
10.8
10.2
7.6
8.4
6.7
5.0
4.6
5.6
4.3
4.7
3.7
3.5
4.6

206
15
7
8
19
122
45
23
22
55
33
22
22
17
5
31
14
17
19
16
1
2

7,845
329
97
233
903
5,780
2,455
1,239
1,217
2,023
1,119
904
1.302
717
585
685
417
269
148
88
38
22

913
146
50
96
177
548
296
136
160
181
116
65
71
32
39
38
26
12
4
4

10.2
29.7
32.4
28.4
16.1
8.5
10.6
9.7
11.4
8.0
9.2
6.5
5.1
4.2
6.2
5.1
5.8
4.0
2.2
3.5

3,682
846
529
317
338
937
410
208
202
280
141
139
247
121
126
487
197
289
1,074
367
311
396

29

7,766
321
113
208
834
5,813
2,332
1,124
1,207
2,138
1,156
982
1,344
763
580
617
414
203
181
115
41
25

898
142
49
93
215
509
273
153
120
167
94
72
70
40
30
23
16
7
9
7

10.3
30.7
30.3
30.9
20.5
8.0
10.4
11.9
9.0
7.2
7.6
6.8
4.9
4.9
4.9
3.5
3.6
3.3
4.7
5.5

6,468
890
501
389
640
2,432
1,102
579
523
765
438
327
565
279
286
862
372
490
1,643
512
411
720

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

O

10,150
1,736
1,030
706
979
3.369
1.512
788
724
1,045
579
466
812
400
412
1,349
570
779
2,717
879
722
1,117

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

12




1
20
10
6
4
3
4
7
6
1
6
3
3
3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over

Total
Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

186,871
124,416
66.6
118,194
3,309
114,885
6,222
5.0
62,455

188,525

125,020
66.3
118,299
3,280
115,018
6,722
5.4
63,505

81,905
63,973
78.1
61,367
2,401
58,966
2,606
4.1

83,013
64,593
77.8
61,606

90,860
52,839

91,857
53,533

14,107
7,603

58.2
50,345

58.3

50,915

53.9
6,481

2,371

686
49,659
2,494
4.7
38,021

38,324

14.8
6,503

13,655
6,895
50.5
5,777
243
5,534
1,117
16.2
6,760

77,358
44,637
57.7
42,876

78,048
45,302
58.0
43,441

11,423
6,484
56.8
5,680

636

216
5,464
804
12.4
4,939

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

17,931

59,235
2,986
4.6
18,420

ODD

50,249
2,618

4.9

221
6,260
1,122

White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

160,717
107,362
66.8
102,452
3,045

70,864
55,659
78.5
53,735
2,250

71,704

99,407
4,910
4.6
53,355

51,485

51,719
2,219
4.0
15,585

21,108

21,383

13,504
64.0
11,988
128
11,860
1,516
11.2
7,604

13,497
63.1

8,396
6,218
74.1
5,630
104
5,527
588
9.5
2,178

159,644
106,780

66.9
102,291
3,124
99,168
4,489
4.2
52,865

1,924
3.5
15,204

56,119
78.3
53,900
2,181

658
42,218
1,761
3.9
32,721

42,805
1,862

4.1
32,746

10,965
5,941
54.2
5,111
228
4,883

829
14.0
5,024

Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force




11,957
146
11,812

1,539
11.4
7,887

8,551
6,339
74.1
5,670
122
5,548

668
10.5
2,212

10,532
6,401
60.8
5,759
18
5,741
642
10.0
4,131

10,703
6,389
59.7
5,762

15
5,747
628
9.8
4,313

2,180
885
40.6

598
6
592
287
32.4
1,295

2,130

768
36.1
526

9
517
243
31.6
1,361

13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
October 1990
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

15,157
10,110
5,047

7,221
4,195
3,025

47.6
41.5
59.9

6,443
3,593
2,849

1,395
383
1,012

5,048
3,211
1,837

778
602
176

100
54
46

678
548
130

10.8
14.3
5.8

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

7,093
8,064
6,741
1,323

2,745
4,476
3,319
1,157

38.7
55.5
49.2
87.4

2,279
4,163
3,063
1,100

203
1,191
406
786

2,076
2,972
2,657
315

465
313
256
56

51
49
19
30

414
264
238
26

17.0
7.0
7.7
4.9

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years

20 to 24 years

7,679
5,129
2,551

3,582
2,121
1,460

46.6
41.4
57.3

3,163
1,790
1,373

725
213
512

2,438
1,577
861

419
331
87

52
30
23

367
302
65

11.7
15.6
6.0

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,716
3,963
3,350
613

1,473
2,109
1,555
554

39.6
53.2
46.4
90.3

1,215
1,948
1,421
527

133
593
207
386

1,082
1,356
1,214
141

258
161
134
27

31
21
5
16

226
140
130
11

17.5
7.6
8.6
4.8

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,478
4,981
2,496

3,639
2,074
1,565

48.7
41.6
62.7

3,280
1,803
1,476

669
170
500

2,610
1,634
977

359
270
89

47
24
23

312
246
65

9.9
13.0
5.7

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

3,377
4,101
3,391
709

1,272
2,367
1,764
603

37.7
57.7
52.0
85.0

1,065
2,215
1,642
573

71
599
199
399

994
1,616
1,443
173

207
152
122
30

19
28
14
14

188
124
108
16

16.3
6.4
6.9
4.9

12,259
8,093
4,165

6,244
3,683
2,562

50.9
45.5
61.5

5,644
3,215
2,429

1,176
339
837

4,467
2,875
1,592

600
468
133

59
27
32

541
440
101

9.6
12.7
5.2

Men
Women

6,208
6,050

3,105
3,139

50.0
51.9

2,777
2,867

629
547

2,148
2,320

328
272

31
29

298
243

10.6
8.7

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

5,547
6,711
5,649
1,062

2,376
3,868
2,922
946

42.8
57.6
51.7
89.1

2,012
3,632
2,726
906

172
1,005
361
643

1,840
2,627
2,364
263

364
237
197
40

31
28
9
18

332
209
187
21

15.3
6.1
6.7
4.2

2,114
1,556
558

689
397
292

32.6
25.5
52.3

556
290
266

156
25
131

400
265
135

133
108
26

33
23
10

100
85
16

19.3
27.1
8.7

Men
Women

1,079
1,036

339
351

31.4
33.9

276
281

67
89

208
192

63
70

15
18

48
52

18.6
20.0

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

1,210
905
729
176

292
398
252
146

24.1
43.9
34.6
82.8

203
353
217
136

16
140
33
107

187
213
184
29

89
44
35
9

17
16
9
7

72
28
26
2

30.5
11.1
13.8
6.5

1,239
909
330

516
304
212

41.7
33.5
64.2

437
244
193

128
34
94

309
210
99

79
61
19

19
11
8

60
49
11

15.4
19.9
8.9

Men
Women

617
623

276
240

44.8
38.6

229
208

73
55

155
153

47
32

12
7

35
25

17.2
13.3

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

795
444
319
125

249
267
160
106

31.4
60.1
50.2
85.2

197
240
141
99

41
87
21
66

155
154
121
33

53
26
19
8

11
9
1
7

42
18
18

21.2
9.9
11.8
7.1

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

See footnotes at end of table.

14




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
October 1990
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Unemployed

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
16,285
3.545
12,740

13,423
2,699
10,724

82.4
76.1
84.2

11,851
2,184
9,667

10,091
1,577
8,514

1,760
607
1,153

1,573
516
1,057

1,388
439
949

185
77
108

11.7
19.1
9.9

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

3,848
8,373
2,632
1,433

2,525
7,112
2,407
1,379

65.6
84.9
91.5
96.2

2,023
6,291
2,256
1,280

1,619
5,306
1,975
1,192

404
985
282
88

502
821
151
99

460
710
128
90

42
112
23

19.9
11.5
6.3
7.2

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,822
1,743
6,079

7,182
1,482
5,700

91.8
85.1
93.8

6,348
1,200
5,148

5,678
949
4,729

670
251
419

834
282
551

780
254
526

54
28
26

11.6
19.0
9.7

1,933
4,114
1,165
610

1,623
3,861
1,112
586

84.0
93.8
95.4
96.2

1,326
3,439
1,048
535

1,156
3,046
957
520

170
393
92
15

298
422
64
51

285
390
58
47

13
32

18.3
10.9
5.7
8.7

8,463
1,802
6,661

6,241
1,217
5,024

73.7
67.5
75.4

5,502
984
4,518

4,413
628
3,785

1,089
356
733

739
233
506

608
185
423

131
49
83

11.8
19.2
10.1

1,915
4,259
1,467
824

902
3,251
1,296
793

47.1
76.3
88.3
96.3

2,852
1,208
745

463
2,260
1,018
672

234
592
190
73

204
400
87
48

175
320
70
43

29
80
17
5

22.6
12.3
6.8
6.0

13,366
2,872
10,494

11,297
2,258
9,039

84.5
78.6
86.1

10,227
1,897
8,331

8,779
1,386
7,393

1,448
510
938

1,070
362
708

924
301
623

146
61
85

9.5
16.0
7.8

Men
Women

6,520
6,847

6,069
5,228

93.1
76.4

5,468
4,759

4,954
3,826

514
934

601
469

556
367

45
102

9.9
9.0

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

3,113
6,731
2,235
1,287

2,138
5,860
2,059
1,240

68.7
87.1
92.1
96.3

1,787
5,339
1,944
1,157

1,446
4,558
1,697
1,078

341
781
247
78

351
521
115
83

314
441
93
76

37
81
22
7

16.4
8.9
5.6
6.7

2,455
574
1,881

1,770
371
1,399

72.1
64.6
74.4

1,320
236
1,084

1,053
150
903

267
86
181

450
135
315

417
124
293

33
11
22

25.4
36.5
22.5

Men
Women

1,087
1,369

928
842

85.4
61.5

710
609

574
478

136
131

217
233

211
206

27

23.4
27.6

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

620
1,423
321
91

317
1,080
282
90

51.2
75.9
87.9
98.8

182
804
254
80

133
621
226
73

50
183
29
6

135
277
28
10

130
248
28
10

5
29

42.6
25.6
9.9
11.6

2,198
526
1,671

1,632
350
1,282

74.3
66.6
76.7

1,467
285
1,182

1,258
216
1,042

209
69
140

165
65
100

148
55
93

17
10
7

10.1
18.6
7.8

1,147
1,051

1,044
589

91.0
56.0

944
523

856
402

88
122

100
65

90
58

10
7

9.6
11.1

1,119
840
194
44

748
669
172
43

66.9
79.6
88.4

663
601
164
39

572
508
144
35

91
93
20
4

85
68
8
4

81
57

4
11
1

11.4
10.2
4.4

Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years....
20 to 24 years

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

,

1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and




college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will npt sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.

15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force
Employed

Total

Veteran status
and age
Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Unemployed
Percent of
labor force

Number
Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 35 years and over
35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 years and over

7,504
6,491
1,644
3,301
1,546
1,013

7,680
6,501
1,339
3,245
1,917
1,179

6,872
6,163
1,538
3,163
1,463
709

6,980
6,156
1,253
3,085
1,818
824

6,630
5,969
1,486
3,058
1,424
661

6,718
5,924
1,172
3,001
1,752
794

242
194
51
105
39
47

262
232
81
84
66
30

3.5
3.2
3.3
3.3
2.6
6.7

3.8
3.8
6.5
2.7
3.7
3.7

16,484
7,549
4,806
4,129

17,725
8,133
5,400
4,192

15,518
7,185
4,515
3,818

16,652
7,764
5,018
3,870

15,005
6,958
4,362
3,684

16,052
7,460
4,836
3,755

514
227
152
134

600
303
182
115

3.3
3.2
3.4
3.5

3.6
3.9
3.6
3.0

NONVETERANS
Total, 35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data

16




are limited to those 35 to 49 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
October 1990
Unemployed

Employed
Part time

Full time
Sex, age, and race

Total

Full-time
schedules1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time

Total

Voluntary1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

97,917
1,959
208
1,752
95,958
9,526
86,431
75,268
11,164

96,103
1,859
188
1,672
94,244
9,259
84,985
74,082
10,902

1,814
100
20
80
1,714
267
1,447
1,186
261

20,381
3,818
1,877
1,941
16,563
2,990
13,574
9,719
3,855

17,143
3,438
1,810
1,628
13,705
2,438
11,267
7,830
3,437

3,238
380
67
313
2,858
552
2,306
1,889
417

5,324
493
86
406
4,832
995
3,837
3,431
405

1,397
625
380
245
773
239
534
416
118

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

58,010
1,162
56,848
5,241
51,607
44,632
6,974

56,945
1,097
55,848
5,099
50,749
43,928
6,821

1,065
65
1,000
142
858
705
153

6,587
1,828
4,758
1,280
3,478
1,915
1,563

5,254
1,676
3,578
1,044
2,534
1,161
1,373

1,333
153
1,180
236
944
754
190

3,046
284
2,762
548
2,214
1,947
267

554
330
225
91
134
75
59

Women, 16 years and over..
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

39,907
797
39,110
4,285
34,825
30,636
4,189

39,158
763
38,396
4,160
34,236
30,155
4,081

749
35
714
125
589
481
108

13,795
1,990
11,805
1,710
10,095
7,804
2,292

11,890
1,762
10,128
1,394
8,733
6,668
2,065

1,905
228
1,678
316
1,362
1,135
227

2,279
209
2,070
446
1,623
1,485
139

843
295
548
148
400
341
59

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

50,890
1,044
49,846
4,539
45,307
39,095
6,212

49,979
980
48,999
4,419
44,580
38,496
6,084

911
64
847
120
727
599
128

5,655
1,601
4,054
1,061
2,993
1,550
1,443

4,592
1,473
3,119
879
2,240
961
1,279

1,063
128
935
182
753
589
164

2,230
199
2,031
388
1,643
1,416
227

457
269
188
74
115
58
57

Women, 16 years and over..
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

33,554
682
32,872
3,691
29,181
25,557
3,624

32,959
657
32,303
3,594
28,709
25,175
3,534

594
25
569
97
472
382
90

12,353
1,785
10,569
1,469
9,100
7,050
2,050

10,754
1,574
9,180
1,204
7,976
6,113
1,863

1,599
211
1,388
265
1,123
937
186

1,546
129
1,417
267
1,150
1,035
115

677
232
445
113
332
282
50

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

5,258
80
5,178
562
4,616
4,034
582

5,144
79
5,065
546
4,520
3,954
566

114
1
113
16
96
80
16

682
190
492
155
338
252
86

468
169
299
111
188
121
67

215
21
193
44
149
130
19

722
79
643
146
497
462
35

68
42
26
13
13
11
2

Women, 16 years and over..
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4,931
95
4,836
472
4,364
3,938
426

4,804
87
4,717
446
4,271
3,858
413

127
8
119
26
93
80
13

1,086
161
926
162
764
562
202

830
145
685
118
567
398
169

256
16
241
44
197
164
33

614
68
546
157
390
373
16

135
54
81
25
56
48
8

White

Black

Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according




to whether they usually work full or part time.

17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)
October 1990
Civilian labor force

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Family relationship
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

Percent
of
Number
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

Total, 16 years and over1

100,025

66.8

94,584

5,441

5.4

49,738

21,235

8,332

2,631

17,540

Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force

40,268
26,797
1,078

78.1
91.6
94.1
58.6

39,052
26,027
977
12,047

1,216
770
100
346

3.0
2.9
9.3
2.8

11,270
2,450
68
8,752

220
87
3
130

191
123
7

999
411
11
577

9,860
1,830
47
7,983

Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force

30,393
27,004

29,247
26,027
770
2,450

1,145
977
100
68

3.8
3.6
11.5
2.7

21,145
12,047
346
8,752

16,352
10,386
291

447
401

485

3,861

194

870
2,518

59.0
69.2
71.6
22.3

5,675

10
36

11
281

1,067
34
2,760

Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

12,459
4,142
4,653
3,664

61.9
48.1
75.8
68.2

11,227
3,629
4,216
3,382

1,232
513
437
282

9.9
9,4
7.7

7,661
4,465
1,489
1,707

676
104
126
446

5,445
4,147
1,163
135

380
16
32
332

1,160
198
168
794

Women who maintain families

7,004

62.3

6,399

605

8.6

4,238

2,820

272

229

916

Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

5,775
1,371
1,495
2,910

60.4
47.4
72.1
63.4

4,848
974
1,262
2,612

927
396
233
298

16.1
28.9
15.6
10.2

3,783
1,523

1,639
1,272

1,681

794
106
127
561

291
76

351
18
31
302

999
127
130
742

Men who maintain families

2,354

79.5

2,230

125

5.3

609

34

33

108

434

Relatives in families maintained by men ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,772
340
475
959

63.2
58.6
76.1
59.9

1,581
275
428
878

192
64
47
81

10.8
19.0

1,032
240
149
643

339
15
42
282

305
202
78
25

79

308
23
21

12,393

1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families
where the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the
Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women

18




12.4

9.9
8.4

579

61

8
71

264

who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates
shown in other tables in this publication because of differences in
definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men
Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons
Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

3,243
1,150
390

3,600
1,335

,1,703

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,393
937
282

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

Women
Unemployment
rates

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

1,814

4.8
2.7
5.4
9.2

2,687
1,077
350
1,259

735
163
100
471

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

Thousands of
persons
Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

5.3
3.1
6.1
9.9

2,979
1,219

3,122
1,222

635
1,125

4.1
2.5
4.7
7.7

4.5
2.8
5.7
8.3

790
207
90

11.0
5.2
9.8

493

1,991
1,078
365
549

White, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)




Unemployment
rates
Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

1,209

5.3
3.9
5.6
8.1

5.5
3.9
6.1
8.6

2,096
1,018
407
671

2,223
1,013
483
727

4.4
3.7
4.5
6.0

4.6
3.6
5.3
6.6

782
145
215
421

749
134
189
426

11.4

5.9
10.8
17.8

11.1
5.6
9.8

18.7

11.7
6.5
8.9
19.4

17.5

2,348
1,237
426
684

3.5
2.7
5.2
6.1

4.1
3.0
5.9
7.4

1,961

1,032
579
349

2,023
1,020
636
•367

4.2
3.6
5.3
5.5

4.3
3.5
5.8
5.5

1,502
877
267
359

1,757

3.0
2.4
4.6
4.9

3.5
2.8
5.5
5.6

1,386
851
364
171

1,482
858
442
182

3.5
3.3
4.2
3.5

3.7
3.3
5.0
3.7

421
154
90

510
182
85
243

7.9
5.1

9.3
5.9
8.6
17.2

490
130
204
157

446
99

8.9
5.7

177

10.4
12.1

8.0
4.4
9.4
11.9

1,173

177

451

1,009
331
418

9.0
13.4

691

171

19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Total

Unemployment rates
Total

Men

Women

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

6,722

5.0

5.4

4.8

5.3

5.3

5.5

593
337
256

707
386
321

1.9
2.2
1.6

2.2
2.5
2.0

1.6
1.9
1.3

2.2
2.4
2.1

2.2
2.6
1.8

2.2
2.8
1.8

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,541

1,634
104
701
829

4.1
2.7
4.5
4.0

4.3
2.7
4.7
4.3

3.3
3.3
3.0
4.0

3.6
3.0
3.3
4.5

4.5
2.2
6.1
4.1

4.6
2.3
6.2
4.2

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,032
41
62
928

1,103
32

6.5
4.0
4.4
7.0

6.6

88
984

6.3
4.9
3.2
6.8

6.5
3.9
6.7
6.7

652
147
348
156

808
163
468
177

4.5
3.2
6.1
3.7

1,438
632
267
538
104
435

1,574
724
258
592
167
426

7.3
7.2
5.0
9.9
12.4
9.5

4.9

4.9

10.8
18.3
9.3

10.0

Farming, forestry, and fishing

233

186

6.3

5.1

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

695
415
132
148

688
420
130
138

Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

20




Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

6,222

99
664
777

O

0

2.7
7.4

3.9
7.5

6.3
4.8
5.7
6.5

5.6
3.5
8.3
4.3

4.4
3.1
6.0
3.3

5.5
3.5
8.2
3.8

5.4
5.0
9.6
4.9

6.4
4.0
14.1
6.0

8.0
8.1

6.9
6.0

7.5
6.6
5.1

8.7
8.8
5.5
9.8

9.5
10.4
2.2
9.6

O

O

6.8

4.1

6.2

12.6

11.0
17.8

9.4

9.4

6.2

5.3

9.8

8.8

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

Unemployment rates
Men

Total

Total

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

6,722

5.0

5.4

4.8

5.3

5.3

5.5

4,693

5,179

5.1

5.6

4.8

5.6

5.4

5.5

32
473

26
659

4.7
7.4

3.6
10.6

5.6
7.6

3.3
10.5

5.3

5.3
11.3

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries

1,138

1,182
692
48
32

68
23

51
25

5.1
4.8
5.5
5.9
6.3
3.3
7.3
3.6
4.9
4.7
6.5
3.1
4.0
5.6
5.5
6.0
5.5
6.7
5.7
5.1
2.5
8.3
5.9

5.5
5.4
6.4
4.3
2.9
5.0
4.3
4.5
6.8
5.0
6.4
3.8
5.3
11.6
5.5
5.7
5.9
9.6
3.6
4.0
3.5
6.8
6.9

4.5
4.4
6.1
6.4
5.6
3.1
6.6
2.9
4.8
4.1
6.1
2.4
3.6
4.8
4.5
5.6
2.6
4.8
3.6
4.3
2.4
8.9
3.7

4.6
4.6
5.6
4.7
2.2
4.9
4.1
3.9
5.2
4.3
4.5
4.0
3.6
12.3
4.5
4.8
5.1
9.3
2.5
4.2
2.8
5.3
6.7

6.4
5.9
2.8
4.7
8.9
4.4
9.4
5.6
5.0
6.7
8.2
5.6
4.6
7.2
6.9
6.7
8.4
7.3
12.0
6.1
2.6
7.2
9.5

7.2
7.5
11.6
3.2
5.5
6.3
5.1
6.2
9.2
7.8
13.3
3.2
7.7
10.2
7.0
7.5
6.7
9.7
7.3
3.8
5.1
9.3
7.2

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

223
166
56
1,338
197
1,141
218
1,273
450
823

242
182
60
1,533
191
1,342
235
1,303
496
807

3.6
4.5
2.2
5.6
4.2
6.0
3.0
4.9
3.0
7.3

3.7
4.6
2.3
6.4
4.2
6.9
3.2
4.9
3.3
7.1

3.5
4.4
1.9
4.5
3.3
4.9
2.1
5.2
2.8
7.1

3.8
4.8
2.2
5.9
3.6
6.6
3.4
5.5
3.3
7.1

3.7
4.8
2.7
6.9
6.5
7.0
3.5
4.7
3.1
7.5

3.3
4.1
2.5
7.0
5.7
7.2
3.1
4.6
3.2
7.1

172
662
695

147
707
688

9.2
2.3

7.6
2.4

9.2
2.2

7.3
2.3

8.9
2.3

8.4
2.6

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience




Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

6,222

Women

636
41
40
46
29
93
93
105
127
81
46
31
31
502
113

39
85
45
96
32

18
42
55

114
149
129
75
54
40
65
490
109
45
112
28
74
47

21

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
unemployed
Reason for unemployment

Women,
20 years
and over

Men,
20 years
and over
Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1990

White

Black

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

1,117
224
54
170
181
331
382

4,489
1,942
509
1,432
823
1,367
357

4,910
2,287
659
1,628
833
1,392
398

1,516
615
91
524
187
482
232

1,539
719
127
592
147
489
183

100.0
15.3
2.2
13.0
18.9
33.7
32.2

100.0
20.0
4.8
15.2
16.2
29.6
34.2

100.0
43.3
11.3
31.9
18.3
30.5
7.9

100.0
46.6
13.4
33.2
17.0
28.3
8.1

100.0
40.6
6.0
34.6
12.3
31.8
15.3

100.0
46.7
8.3
38.5
9.6
31.8
11.9

2.3
2.8
5.0
4.8

3.2
2.6
4.8
5.5

1.8
.8
1.3
.3

2.1
.8
1.3
.4

4.6
1.4
3.6
1.7

5.3
1.1
3.6
1.4

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

6,222
2,625
620
2,004
1,052
1,933
613

6,722
3,109
808
2,301
1,030
1,957
625

2,606
1,604
365
1,239
381
522
99

2,986
1,894
509
1,385
401
609
82

2,494
849
231
619
459
1,033
152

2,618
991
245
746
448
1,017
162

1,122
171
25
146
212
378
362

100.0
42.2
10.0
32.2
16.9
31.1
9.9

100.0
46.3
12.0
34.2
15.3
29.1
9.3

100.0
61.6
14.0
47.6
14.6
20.0
3.8

100.0
63.4
17.0
46.4
13.4
20.4
2.7

100.0
34.1
9.2
24.8
18.4
41.4
6.1

100.0
37.9
9.4
28.5
17.1
38.8
6.2

2.1
.8
1.6
.5

2.5
.8
1.6
.5

2.5
.6
.8
.2

2.9
.6
.9
.1

1.6
.9
2.0
.3

1.9
.8
1.9
.3

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
:
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
October 1990
Duration of unemployment

Total unemployed
Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons

Total, 16 years and over ....
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

....

Men, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

1

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

6,722

100.0

45.7

33.2

21.1

11.4

9.7

3,109
808
2,301
1,030
1,957
625

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

41.6
61.8
34.5
49.3
49.3
49.2

32.7
25.2
35.3
35.7
32.4
33.8

25.7
13.1
30.2
15.1
18.3
17.0

13.4
9.1
14.9
8.2
10.2
10.6

12.3
4.0
15.3
6.8
8.1
6.3

2,986

100.0

40.6

31.7

27.7

13.2

14.4

1,894
509
1,385
401
609
82

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

39.7
61.3
31.8
45.8
39.9
41.3

30.6
24.6
32.8
35.6
33.4
26.6

29.7
14.1
35.4
18.7
26.7
32.1

13.9
8.7
15.8
7.2
14.9
15.3

15.8
5.4
19.6
11.5
11.8
16.8

2,618

100.0

47.0

34.5

18.4

10.9

7.5

991
245
746
448
1,017
162

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

41.2
59.2
35.3
48.5
52.7
43.1

36.3
27.2
39.2
37.3
31.7
33.8

22.5
13.5
25.4
14.2
15.6
23.1

14.2
11.4
15.1
10.4
7.9
11.0

8.3
2.1
10.4
3.8
7.6
12.1

1,117

100.0

56.3

33.8

9.9

7.7

2.2

59.1

34.7

0

0

6.2
(1)
7.8
9.2
11.4
11.1

224
54
170
181
331
382

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

Percent

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

53.3
58.9
56.2
53.5

38.9
31.9
32.4
35.4

5.2

0

6.3
5.2
8.5
9.5

1.0

0

1.6
3.9
2.8
1.6

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-16.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Total
Duration of unemployment

Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks . . .
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
...
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks




.

Thousands of persons

Full-time workers
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

6,222

6,722

100.0

100.0

4,751

5,324

100.0

100.0

3,132
1,862
1,441
421
1,228
624
605
252
353

3,073
2,229
1,664
564
1,420
767
653
278
374

50.3
29.9
23.2
6.8
19.7
10.0
9.7
4.0
5.7

45.7
33.2
24.8
8.4
21.1
11.4
9.7
4.1
5.6

2,170
1,477
1,115
361
1,105
567
538
230
308

2,245
1,782
1,295
488
1,297
695
602
270
332

45.7
31.1
23.5
7.6
23.3
11.9
11.3
4.8
6.5

42.2
33.5
24.3
9.2
24.4
13.1
11.3
5.1
6.2

11.6
4.5

11.8
5.4

13.0
5.5

13.0
6.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17.

Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment

Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks
weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks

Thousands of persons
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

October 1990

Unemployed
less than
5 weeks

Unemployed
15 weeks
and over

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

6,722
1,117
1,233
1,874
1,259
715
415
108

3,073
629
624
826
504
299
154
38

2,229
378
448
636
397
213
131
26

767
86
96
243
192
92
41
17

653
25
65
169
166
111
89
28

11.8
6.8
8.6
11.8
14.0
15.8
18.2
24.3

5.4
4.0
4.4
5.9
6.9
6.9
7.6
7.6

50.3
61.3
53.8
50.1
40.8
47.1
43.1
44.2

45.7
56.3
50.6
44.1
40.0
41.8
37.1
34.7

19.7
11.0
16.0
20.3
26.1
24.1
28.6
21.0

21.1
9.9
13.1
22.0
28.4
28.4
31.3
41.5

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,600
614
639
970
672
380
262
64

1,547
334
300
403
250
146
99
15

1,176
229
243
321
203
101
68
11

435
39
50
150
102
46
32
15

442
11
45
97
117
87
63
22

13.4
6.6
9.5
12.8
16.3
19.7
19.5

5.9
4.1
5.0
6.6
7.7
8.9
8.1

46.7
62.4
45.8
43.9
37.3
46.7
41.4

43.0
54.4
46.9
41.5
37.3
38.5
37.6

23.6
7.7
20.7
27.6
32.7
26.9
35.5

24.4
8.3
15.0
25.4
32.5
35.0
36.4

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,122
504
594
904
587
335
153
44

1,527
295
325
423
253
153
55
22

1,053
149
204
315
195
112
63
14

332
46
46
94
90
46
9
2

210
14
20
72
49
24
26
6

10.0
7.0
7.5
10.7
11.5
11.4
16.0

4.7
3.8
4.1
5.2
6.2
5.5
7.0

O

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

4,910
2,687
2,223

2,291
1,196
1,096

1,592
838
753

561
323
238

466
330
136

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,539
790
749

658
305
353

540
286
254

180
102
78

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,335
451
1,814

517
187
842

436
126
614

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,222
691
1,209

586
317
624

393
259
402

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

24




0

0

O

O

0

54.2
59.7
63.0
55.8
44.2
47.6
45.4

15.6
15.5
10.7
13.5
19.9
20.7
18.8

17.4
11.9
11.0
18.3
23.7
20.9
22.4

O

0

48.9
58.6
54.6
46.8
43.2
45.6
36.2

O

0

11.7
13.3
9.8

5.1
5.6
4.6

51.2
47.2
55.9

46.7
44.5
49.3

19.0
22.9
14.5

20.9
24.3
16.8

161
97
64

12.3
13.9
10.6

6.4
7.2
5.2

46.6
43.2
49.9

42.8
38.6
47.1

23.2
27.4
19.2

22.2
25.2
19.0

168
56
210

213
82
148

15.2
17.0
11.11

7.1
6.9
5.2

40.6
45.6
51.1

38.7
41.5
46.4

27.7
31.0
19.1

28.5
30.6
19.7

167
56
109

11
60
74

10.1
11.3
9.2

5.0
5.5
4.4

55.7
47.1
56.8

48.0
45.9
51.6

11.2
22.8
16.2

19.9
16.8
15.1

O

0

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18.

Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment

Occupation and industry

Total

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks

Thousands of persons
27
Less
5 to 14 15 to 26 weeks
than
and
weeks
5 weeks
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

Unemployed Unemployed
15 weeks
less than
and over
5 weeks
Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct.
1989 1990 1989 1990

October 1990
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

707
1,634
1,103
808
1,574
186

270
716
528
378
730
103

231
564
386
265
493
50

118
190
101
93
173
20

89
165
88
72
178
13

14.5
12.3
10.3
10.8
12.4
10.4

7.2
6.0
4.8
5.1
5.4
4.1

42.0
52.6
52.0
48.6
46.9
66.1

38.2
43.8
47.9
46.8
46.4
55.4

21.2
17.4
16.2
25.0
22.9
13.3

29.3
21.7
17.1
20.4
22.2
17.2

147
666
1,194
703
491
278
1,536
1,809
174

81
323
503
279
224
120
755
775
82

43
245
390
229
161
86
509
600
50

11
56
168
105
62
39
141
242
17

12
41
133
89
44
34
131
194
25

10.6
9.2
13.1
14.1
11.7
13.8
10.5
12.4
14.4

4.1
4.8
6.6
7.3
5.6
6.3
4.7
5.9
5.2

66.3
50.4
46.0
46.3
45.7
50.4
53.9
48.4
49.3

55.1
48.5
42.1
39.7
45.6
43.2
49.2
42.8
47.1

11.6
22.2
24.7
25.8
23.2
21.5
16.8
19.1
17.1

15.6
14.6
25.2
27.7
21.6
26.3
17.6
24.0
24.1

688

346

229

70

44

10.3

4.5

54.1

50.3

19.9

16.6

INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration
No previous work experience
Includes wage and salary workers only.




25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19.

Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
October 1990
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race
Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency
10.0
5.7

Average
number of
methods
used

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

71.2
77.9
66.2
71.8
70.9
68.2
73.6
57.8

41.1
29.0
41.8
44.6
44.6
44.6
41.6
43.1

19.9
15.3
20.3
21.8
20.1
22.1
23.3
9.5

6.2
5.5
5.7
5.3
7.3
8.0
8.3
5.3

1.72
1.47
1.67
1.82
1.81
1.78
1.80
1.51

71.8
81.9
65.4
71.3
70.5
66.6
75.3

41.6
32.2
40.0
44.3
44.8
45.4
46.0

22.9
16.3
22.9
26.5
24.6
24.4
24.6

7.1
2.6
7.6
7.0
8.2
13.3
8.1

1.79
1.50
1.68
1.95
1.89
1.90
1.85

70.6
73.1
67.0
72.3
71.4
69.7
70.8

40.5
25.3
43.6
44.8
44.4
43.9
34.6

16.8
14.2
17.5
17.4
15.4
20.0
21.2

6,722
1,117
1,233
1,874
1,259
715
415
108

5,833
1,052
1,103
1,588
1,093
593
314
90

23.2
13.1
22.9
27.5
27.2
22.3
21.4
28.6

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,600
614
639
970
672
380
262
64

2,994
567
562
761
562
292
192
57

24.3
11.7
22.5
31.0
29.2
27.3
20.4

0

0

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,122
504
594
904
587
335
153
44

2,839
485
541
827
531
301
121
32

21.9
14.7
23.4
24.3
25.1
17.5
23.0

9.1

0

0

0

0

0

0

White, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

4,910
2,687
2,223

4,177
2,185
1,992

21.2
22.6
19.6

9.7
10.0

70.0
70.5
69.4

44.0
44.1
43.9

20.9
23.7
17.7

6.9
7.9
5.8

1.73
1.79
1.66

Black, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

1,539
790
749

1,410
704
705

28.7
29.4
28.1

12.1

75.3
76.3
74.4

33.6
34.6
32.5

17.2
20.1
14.2

4.4
4.7
4.1

1.69
1.77
1.60

Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

55 to 64 years
65 years and over

,

1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

A-20.

10.4
10.7
11.1

12.4
11.8

7.1
10.8
5.8
9.5
14.4
11.4
13.0
10.5

5.6
11.3
7.3
10.8
11.9
13.8

9.4
9.5
6.9

0

O

0

5.3
8.9
3.6
3.8
6.4
2.9
8.6

1.64
1.42
1.66
1.70
1.73
1.66
1.72

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
October 1990
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Thousands of persons
Sex and reason

Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

5,833
2,279
1,005
1,936
613

23.2
30.1
23.6
17.8
13.6

805
273

2,994
1,472
461
793
268

3,122
1,066
551
1,152
352

2,839
807
544
1,144
345

Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Jotal, 16 years and over ....
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

6,722
3,109
1,030
1,957
625

Men, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,600
2,042
479

Women, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

Employer
directly

Friends
or
relatives

10.0
13.6
9.2
7.5
5.9

71.2
74.6
71.5
67.1
71.3

41.1
42.9
45.5
39.3
32.8

19.9
24.9
17.0
15.5
20.5

6.2
4.9
4.0
8.8
6.7

1.72
1.91
1.71
1.56
1.51

24.3
28.9
25.9
19.1
11.7

10.8

8.8
5.2

71.8
74.1
70.0
65.5
80.9

41.6
43.2
46.4
37.1
37.5

22.9
26.0
20.7
19.1
20.5

7.1
5.5
4.9
13.0
2.3

1.79
1.91
1.78
1.63
1.58

21.9
32.2
21.6
16.9
15.2

9.1
14.4
8.4
6.6
6.4

70.6
75.4
72.8
68.1
63.7

40.5
42.2
44.6
40.8
29.1

16.8
22.8
13.8
13.0
20.5

5.3
3.7
3.2
5.8
10.2

1.64
1.91
1.64
1.51
1.45

1
Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within


26


Average
number of
methods
used

Placed
or
answered
ads

13.1
10.2

Other

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Total
Industry and age

Women

Men

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

All industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

118,194

6,481
2,525
3,956

118,299
5,777
2,085
3,692
12,516

53,509
3,164
1,256
1,908
6,037

83,963
34,417
30,003
19,542

84,987
33,850

64,596
2,990
1,081
1,909
6,521
46,548

53,702
2,787
1,004

12,743

64,684
3,317
1,269
2,048
6,706
46,115
19,104

11,629
6,889
4,740
3,377

11,619
6,946
4,672
3,400

Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

3,309
221
106
116
344
1,997
810
713
474
442
229
212
305

3,280
243
108
135
394
1,922
800
679
443
426
226
200
295

2,589
188

248

1,445
620
502
324
338
180
158
251

114,885
6,260
2,419
3,841

115,018
5,534
1,976
3,558
12,122
83,065
33,051
30,399

62,096

62,015

3,129
1,177
1,952
6,430
44,600
18,472

2,780
980

Nonagricultural industries .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over




12,400
81,966
33,608

29,290
19,068

11,188
6,660
4,528
3,072

31,078
20,059

19,615
11,192
6,720
4,472

3,105

16,311
10,699
6,591
3,882

2,709
1,956

92
96
276

1,515
632
533
349
362
185
177

15,778
10,350
6,228
3,697
2,532
1,708

18,806
16,813

10,929
6,631
3,921
2,710
1,907
2,582
210
101
110
337

1,800
6,184

45,103
18,187
16,311

10,605
6,293
3,741
2,551
1,656

37,848

1,783
5,995
38,439

15,313

15,044

13,692
8,843

14,265
9,130

5,039
3,008
2,031
1,422

4,988
3,025

720
33
14
20
68
482
177
180
125

698
33
8
25
57
477
180

79
44
35
57

88
46
42
43

52,789
3,130
1,242
1,889
5,969
37,365
15,136

53,004
2,754
996
1,758
5,938

13,512
8,718

14,088
9,010
4,900
2,979
1,921
1,450

4,959
2,963
1,996

1,365

1,963

1,493

177
120

37,962
14,864

27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Men

Total

Occupation

16 years
and over
Oct.
1989

Total

Oct.
1990

16 years
and over
Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Women
20 years
and over

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

16 years
and over
Oct.
1989

20 years
and over

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

118,194 118,299 64,684 64,596 61,367 61,606 53,509 53,702 50,345 50,915

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations

31,224
15,146
627
10,523
3,996
16,078
1,860
942
371
889
2,260
780
4,202
844
3,930

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

36,009 36,518 12,621 12,891 11,926 12,264 23,388 23,627 21,624 22,148
1,835
3,543 3,819
1,868
1,667
1,693
1,951
1,919
1,850
1,847
208
1,351
1,274
1,121
229
228 1,064
210
1,117
1,052
1,209
1,141
276
234
896
907
226
933
912
269
1,260
1,128
471
730
779
733
389
396
788
461
14,006 14,055
7,098 6,697 6,749 6,875 6,957 5,826 6,040
7,131
3,933 3,797 2,562
1,361
1,330
1,338
2,436 2,532 2,420 1,371
2,303 2,456
952 1,056
987 1,070
1,386
1,299
1,372
1,316
1,641
1,618
367
344
1,274
1,267
362
336
1,273
1,275
6,084 6,099
1,574
1,660 4,124 4,127 3,152 3,264
1,960
1,972
62
68
32
48
29
50
18
31
30
18
3,640 3,842 3,394 3,596 14,820 14,802 14,132 14,261
18,460 18,644
467
441
462
439
308
822
749
356
355
309
507
488
296
801
488
506
294
279
309
815
87
86
82 4,728 4,465 4,578 4,376
4,823 4,552
95
182 2,228 2,174 2,192 2,120
2,362
2,424
189
191
196
351
333
315
609
982
927
326
631
583
600
6,484
6,838 6,121
2,286 1,930 2,088 6,591
2,131
8,722 9,125

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

15,407 15,758
777
798
1
1,883
1,926
12,726 13,055
5,335 5,413
1,965
2,152
3,040 3,067
2,387
2,423

5,237
23
1,587
3,627
1,538
189
1,547
353

9,377
771
295
8,312
3,200
1,777
1,322
2,013

9,610
753
305
8,553
3,197
1,951
1,380
2,025

8,417
650
286
7,481
2,621
1,696
1,270
1,894

8,671
642
288
7,742
2,661
1,864
1,309
1,907

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,930 13,625 12,703 12,524 12,433 12,279
4,482 4,478
4,330 4,217 4,260
4,312
5,404 5,182
5,289 5,099 5,154 4,961
4,044
3,965 3,102
3,096 3,062 3,058

1,226
170
114
942

1,101
149
83
869

1,193
170
111
912

1,071
145
80
846

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

18,145 18,084 13,402 13,454 12,366 12,575
8,158
8,160
4,854 4,925 4,686 4,776
6,704 6,583 3,947 3,973 3,825 3,852
2,474
3,675 3,596 2,513 2,550 2,451
1,378
3,030 2,986
1,375
1,423
1,433
925
1,576
1,456
951
861
907
5,013
5,113
4,629 4,558 4,494 4,449
3,768 3,659 3,336 3,262 3,216 3,175
1,274
1,354
1,345
1,296
1,278
1,293
4,872 4,913 3,919
3,186 3,349
3,971
658
742
733
722
651
705
4,171
4,139
3,249 2,535 2,691
3,213

4,743
3,306
2,757
1,161
1,596
549
484
432
52
953
28
926

4,630
3,234
2,609
1,046
1,563
625
455
397
57
942
20
922

4,509
3,188
2,670
1,135
1,534
518
465
415
50
856
24
831

4,440
3,147
2,548
1,024
1,524
599
447
390
57
846
16
830

573
212
361

569
235
334

534
208
326

533
228
304

Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations

28




3,478
1,338
2,141

30,879 17,023 16,714 16,903 16,636 14,201 14,165 14,068 14,051
8,898 9,093 8,857 6,002 5,894 5,961
9,144
14,792
5,851
344
372
536
191
255
343
372
255
191
10,510
6,653 3,765 3,818 3,738 3,792
6,758 6,692 6,711
1,884
3,746 2,014
1,862 2,010
1,861
1,968
1,982
1,867
16,087
7,879
8,107 8,201
7,816 7,810 7,779 8,199 8,271
1,707
1,726
1,707
1,727
1,868
142
154
150
142
349
580
585
871
354
357
522
522
348
387
284
262
266
103
106
106
283
102
726
897
185
163
712
712
725
163
185
1,948
314
345
349
2,263
1,905
315 1,910
1,946
336
286
290
500
490
490
836
321
492
1,077
4,186
1,080
1,072 3,107 3,109 3,072 3,079
1,095
164
654
164
197
200
644
654
644
818
1,936
1,873
1,913
2,026 1,976 2,003 1,912
3,963 2,017

3,434
1,223
2,212

6,030
28
1,588
4,414
2,134
188
1,718
374

2,905
1,125
1,780

6,148
25
1,621
4,502
2,216
201
1,687
398

2,865
988
1,877

5,072
16
1,550
3,506
1,424
173
1,577
332

2,667
1,098
1,570

2,617
970
1,647

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Men

Total
Occupation and race

Women

1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

1989

Oct.
1990

118,194
100.0

118,299
100.0

64,684
100.0

64,596
100.0

53,509
100.0

53,702
100.0

26.4
12.8
13.6
30.5
3.0
11.9
15.6

26.1
12.5
13.6
30.9
3.2
11.9

26.3
14.1
12.2
19.5

25.9
13.8
12.1
20.0
3.0
11.0
5.9
9.5

26.5
11.2
15.3
43.7
3.2

26.4
11.0

Oct.

Oct.

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

13.0
.7

15.8
13.3
.7

1.6
10.8

1.6
11.0

11.8

11.5

15.4
6.9
4.3
4.1
2.9

2.9

11.0
5.6
9.3

12.8
27.7
17.5

15.4
44.0
3.5
13.0
27.6
17.9
1.4
.6

15.3
6.9
4.2
4.2
2.9

2.5
6.8
19.6
20.7
7.5
7.2
6.1
4.5

2.5
7.0
19.4
20.8
7.6
6.1
4.4

1.4
.6
15.5
2.3
8.9
6.2
.9
1.8
1.1

102,291
100.0

102,452
100.0

56,639
100.0

56,545
100.0

45,652
100.0

45,907
100.0

27.5
13.5

27.1
13.1

27.0
14.5

14.0
30.8
3.0

13.9
31.3
3.2

27.5
11.7
15.8
44.6

27.2
11.4
15.8
45.2
3.4

12.4
15.4

12.4

27.5
14.9
12.6
19.7
2.9
11.7
5.2

7.1

15.9
2.1
8.6
6.0
.8
1.8
1.1

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

11.8
.5

15.7
12.1
.5

8.2

12.4

20.1
3.1

3.1

11.6
5.4
8.5

13.4
28.2
16.2

2.4
6.1
20.1
19.7
7.4
6.6
5.7
4.6

1.2
.5
14.5
2.2
8.2
5.7
.9
1.6
1.2

16.6
1.1
.5
15.0
2.0
7.8
5.3
.8
1.7
1.2

13.5
28.3

1.5

1.5

9.7
12.2

10.1

14.5
6.5
4.2

14.4
6.5
4.0

3.8
3.2

3.1

2.3
5.9
20.2
19.6
7.2
6.8
5.6
4.7

11,988
100.0

11,957
100.0

5,940
100.0

5,940
100.0

6,048
100.0

6,018
100.0

16.3
7.6
8.8
27.8
2.8
7.5
17.6
23.2
1.7
2.6
18.9
8.7

16.8
7.5
9.3

14.0
7.4
6.5
17.2
2.3
5.5
9.4
18.7

14.0
7.5
6.5
17.9
1.9
5.4
10.5
17.6

18.6
7.7
10.9
38.3
3.3
9.5
25.5
27.7
3.3
.9
23.4
2.2
12.9
9.1
.9

19.6
7.6
12.0
37.4
3.8
9.6
24.0
27.4
3.3
1.4
22.6
1.9
13.4
9.9
1.0
2.5
.3

12.0

3.9

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing




22.4
9.8
6.0
6.6
1.6

27.7
2.9
7.5
17.3

22.5
1.7
2.6
18.3
8.2
23.2
10.1
6.5
6.6
1.6

.1

4.3
14.3
15.2
32.0
10.5
11.2
10.3
2.9

3.7
13.8
14.6
33.0
10.3
12.1
10.6
3.0

2.9
.3

29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
October 1990
Nonagricultural industries
Age and sex

Agriculture

Wage and salary workers

Total

Private
household Government
workers

Other

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

Wage and
Selfsalary
employed
workers
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

105,734
5,463
1,947
3,516
11,826
31,032
27,667
17,562
9,700
5,865
3,835
2,484

1,030
143
88
55
112
176
182
150
141
65
76
125

17,944
283
68
215
1,109
4,311
5,776
3,947
2,097
1,365
731
421

86,760
5,037
1,792
3,245
10,605
26,545
21,708
13,465
7,462
4,434
3,027
1,938

9,049
63
24
39
285
1,987
2,665
2,010
1,443
824
619
596

236
8
6
3
11
31
67
43
50
32
18
25

1,790
194
92
102
329
527
328
189
163
95
67
60

1,396
38
11
27
54
269
328
237
250
127*
123
220

94
11
6
5
11
3
22
18
14
4
10
15

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

56,134
2,735
964
1,771
6,027
16,896
14,674
9,281
5,285
3,160
2,125
1,236

154
29
26
4
35
24
22
17
19
8
11
9

8,256
136
32
103
464
2,058
2,589
1,795
1,016
653
362
199

47,723
2,570
906
1,664
5,528
14,814
12,063
7,469
4,251
2,499
1,752
1,029

5,847
38
11
27
154
1,281
1,634
1,323
1,004
578
426
413

34
7
5
2
3
10
3
1
3
3
1
6

1,400
167
83
83
279
392
234
150
130
71
54
49

1,146
32
11
20
50
226
266
174
203
102
101
195

35
12
6
6
8
2
2

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

49,600
2,728
983
1,745
5,799
14,136
12,993
8,281
4,415
2,705
1,710
1,248

876
114
62
52
77
152
161
133
122
58
65
116

9,687
147
35
112
645
2,253
3,187
2,152
1,081
712
369
222

39,037
2,467
886
1,581
5,077
11,731
9,645
5,996
3,211
1,935
1,276
909

3,202
25
12
12
131
706
1,031
687
439
245
194
183

202
2
1
1
7
21
64
42
46
29
17
19

390
27
8
19
50
135
94
39
33
19
14
11

250
7

59

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

30




7
4
43
62
63
46
25
21
25

5
1
3
7

3
2
21
18
9
2
7
8

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
October 1990
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities .,
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Professional services
Public administration

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

!

Total
Executive,
AdminisemTechniadminisPrivate
trative
Profesployed
cians
trative,
Other
sional
and
Sales | support, houseand
service1
specialty related
including hold
manasupport
clerical
gerial

Precision
Machine
Farming,
producoperHandlers, forestry,
tion,
Transporators,
and
equipment
tation
craft,
assemcleaners, fishing
and
and
blers,
helpers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
inspeclaborers
tors

3,280
712
7,702
21,106
12,495
8,611

129
118
997
2,534
1,545
989

85
44
136
1,799
1,244
554

47
28
72
766
543
222

20
11
82
753
310
443

102
64
386
2,399
1,402
997

13
5
38
349
202
147

35
245
4,448
3,782
2,583
1,199

17
29
111
6,583
3,596
2,986

68
118
577
827
423
404

24
48
835
1,215
557
659

2,742
2
19
100
91
9

8,301
24,340
4,688
19,652

923
2,162
541
1,621

419
493
92
401

279
154
57
97

339
9,891
1,907
7,984

2,196
2,516
762
1,754

339
4,485
41
4,444

1,256
1,544
362
1,182

135
337
132
205

1,910
907
409
498

495
1,805
376
1,430

11
45
9
36

7,975
39,482
1,035
38,447
25,859
5,399

2,019
4,780
4
4,775
2,716
1,130

226
12,078
8
12,069
10,716
807

129
2,089
2
2,087
1,741
255

1,980
970
3
967
157
9

3,038
6,487
9
6,478
4,774
1,456

274
8,162
104
8,058
4,659
1,316

169
1,930
19
1,911
384
217

28
859
4
855
217
60

18
529
8
521
287
59

32
407
24
383
117
51

62
416
73
343
92
37

777
777

Includes protective service, not shown separately.

A-26. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries

Nonagricultural industries
\A/age and salary workers1

Total
Reason not working and sex
Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Paid absences
Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Unpaid absences

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Oct.
1989

Oct.
1990

Total 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
All other reasons

4,727
2,216
1,407
30
106
968

4,600
2,208
1,278
69
22
1,023

4,630
2,176
1,376
30
106
941

4,475
2,159
1,249
57
21
989

2,396
1,579
555

2,318
1,531
546

1,785
409
705

1,626
404
610

262

239

671

(2)
612

Men 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

2,469
1,276
703
489

2,311
1,192
633
485

2,394
1,247
679
467

2,213
1,157
606
450

1,285
934
266
85

1,222
866
263
94

852
206
350
296

683
177
286
221

Women 16 years and over
Vacation
.
Illness
All other reasons3

2,258
939
704
615

2,289
1,017
645
628

2,236
929
697
610

2,262
1,002
643
618

1,110
645
289
175

1,096
666
285
145

933
203
355
375

942
228
324
391

1

Excludes private household workers.
Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
2




3

Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27.

Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
October 1990
Thousands of persons

Hours of work

Percent distribution
All
industries

Nonagricultural
industries

All
industries

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

113,698

3,155

110,543

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours

30,012
718
4,456
14,030
10,810

813
45
178
379
212

29,199
673
4,277
13,651
10,598

26.4
.6
3.9
12.3
9.5

25.8
1.4
5.6
12.0
6.7

26.4
.6
3.9
12.3
9.6

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over

83,686
7,035
42,948
33,703
11,172
12,687
9,844

2,342
162
664
1,516
226
414
875

81,344
6,873
42,284
32,187
10,946
12,273
8,968

73.6
6.2
37.8
29.6
9.8
11.2
8.7

74.2
5.1
21.0
48.1
7.2
13.1
27.7

73.6
6.2
38.3
29.1
9.9
11.1
8.1

39.3
43.6

45.5
52.7

39.1
43.4

Total, 16 years and over

Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules ..

Agriculture

A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
October 1990
All industries

Nonagricultural industries

Reason for working less than 35 hours
Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

30,012

10,732

19,280

5,052
2,522
50
214
93
2,172

1,814
1,456
50
214
93

3,238
1,066

24,960
13,306
1,357
1,534
488
5
4,321
1,830
2,120

8,918
1,357
1,359
488
5
4,321
1,389

22.4
22.7
1,632
9,178

Total
Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons

32




Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

29,199

10,486

18,713

4,788
2,324
49
212
90
2,114

1,704
1,353
49
212
90

3,084
971

8,783
1,347
1,344
416
5
4,314

1,830
731

24,411
12,970
1,347
1,511
416
5
4,314
1,793
2,055

1,357

1,793
698

24.6
28.3

21.2
19.5

22.5
22.8

24.6
28.4

21.3
19.6

853
6,067

779
3,111

1,544
9,054

803
6,018

741
3,036

2,172
16,042
13,306
175

Total

2,114
15,628
12,970
167

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
October 1990
Industry

Total
at
work

On part
time
for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours
or less
hours
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

110,543

4,788

15,628

90,127

57,940

10,946

21,241

39.1

43.4

101,759

4,175

14,024

83,560

54,975

10,309

18,275

39.0

43.0

668

12

16

640

313

97

230

46.6

47.8

5,883

431

231

5,220

3,503

573

1,145

40.2

42.6

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

19,848
11,793
8,055

496
218
278

658
314
344

18,693
11,260
7,433

12,009
7,152
4,857

2,865
1,820
1,046

3,819
2,289
1,530

42.1
42.4
41.6

43.2
43.3
43.2

Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

7,563
21,710
6,983

204
1,371
118

437
5,091
596

6,922
15,248
6,269

4,376
9,234
4,445

861
2,133
615

1,685
3,881
1,210

42.0
37.1
39.5

43.9
44.0
41.6

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

33,966
1,005
32,961
5,138

1,502
159
1,343
41

6,746
417
6,329
249

25,719
429
25,290
4,848

17,366
260
17,105
3,730

2,780
64
2,715
386

5,574
104
5,469
732

37.2
28.1
37.5
39.3

42.9
45.7
42.8
40.4

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

8,549
236

598
15

1,510
94

6,441
127

2,886
79

628
10

2,928
38

40.9
33.9

48.1
44.2

Total, 16 years and over
Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction




33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
October 1990

Sex, age, race, and marital status

Total
at
work

On full-time schedules

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours
or less

41 hours
or more

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

110,543
5,395
1,919
3,476
105,148
11,780
93,369
61,189
29,306
2,874

4,788
450
80
370
4,338
784
3,554
2,305
1,124
126

15,628
3,227
1,685
1,542
12,401
2,315
10,086
5,585
3,093
1,408

90,127
1,718
153
1,565
88,409
8,681
79,728
53,299
25,089
1,339

57,940
1,339
137
1,201
56,602
6,148
50,453
33,235
16,238
980

32,187
380
16
363
31,808
2,533
29,275
20,064
8,851
359

39.1
24.5
16.7
28.8
39.9
36.3
40.3
40.9
40.3
28.6

43.4
40.3
35.7
40.8
43.5
42.0
43.6
43.7
43.5
41.5

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

59,802
2,712
948
1,764
57,089
6,044
51,046
33,404
16,112
1,529

2,207
192
34
157
2,016
353
1,662
1,108
489
65

4,656
1,536
829
707
3,120
987
2,133
822
650
660

52,939
985
85
900
51,954
4,703
47,251
31,474
14,973
804

30,313
736
75
661
29,577
3,053
26,524
17,307
8,671
546

22,625
249
10
239
22,376
1,650
20,726
14,167
6,302
258

42.1
26.0
17.1
30.7
42.9
38.1
43.4
44.1
43.4
31.0

45.0
41.2
34.5
41.8
45.0
43.2
45.2
45.4
45.0
42.9

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
„
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

50,742
2,683
971
1,712
48,059
5,736
42,323
27,784
13,194
1,345

2,581
258
46
212
2,322
430
1,892
1,195
635
61

10,972
1,691
856
835
9,281
1,328
7,954
4,763
2,444
748

37,189
733
69
665
36,455
3,978
32,477
21,826
10,115
536

27,627
603
62
541
27,024
3,095
23,929
15,929
7,567
434

9,562
131
6
124
9,431
883
8,548
5,897
2,548
102

35.6
23.0
16.3
26.8
36.3
34.4
36.6
37.1
36.5
26.0

41.2
39.2

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

95,543
52,237
43,306

3,954
1,832
2,122

13,977
4,055
9,922

77,612
46,350
31,262

48,376
25,670
22,706

29,236
20,680
8,555

39.2
42.4
35.4

43.6
45.2
41.3

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

11,337
5,588
5,748

682
300
382

1,190
425
766

9,464
4.864
4,600

7,382
3,504
3,878

2,082
1,359
722

38.2
40.1
36.4

41.6
42.9
40.2

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

38,119
6,438
15,245

954
330
924

1,483
267
2,906

35,682
5,842
11,415

19,495
3,387
7,431

16,187
2,454
3,983

43.8
42.9
37.5

45.4
45.1
43.5

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Wjdowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

28,281
10,185
12,276

1,219
580
781

6,430
1,360
3,182

20,632
8,245
8,312

15,653
5,806
6,168

4,979
2,439
2,144

35.4
37.9
34.1

40.8
41.8
41.4

O
39.4
41.2
40.7
41.3
41.3
41.2
39.2

RACE

MARITAL STATUS

1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

34




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
October 1990
Average
hours,
Average
workers
hours,
on full49
total
41 to 48
time
hours
at work
hours
schedor more
ules

On full-time schedules
Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
:
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.




Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part
time

Total

40
hours
or less

110,403

4,740 i 15,603

90,061

57,800

10,977

21,284

39.1

43.4

29,727
14,222
15,505
35,128
3,676
13,547
17,904
15,114
754
1,835
12,526
13,072
17,362
7,807
4,794
4,761

564
198
366
1,197
77
620
500
1,306
105
49
1,152
649
1,024
365
227
432

2,908
876
2,032
6,348
443
2,765
3,140
4,273
339
147
3,788
467
1,607
387
424
797

26,255
13,148
13,107
27,583
3,157
10,162
14,264
9,535
310
1,639
7,586
11,957
14,731
7,055
4,143
3,533

14,488
6,794
7,694
18,898
2,166
5,385
11,347
6,938
194
988
5,756
7,592
9,885
5,030
2,202
2,653

3,142
1,605
1,537
3,165
419
1,281
1,465
988
51
227
710
1,631
2,050
999
628
424

8,625
4,749
3,876
5,521
572
3,497
1,451
1,609
65
424
1,120
2,734
2,795
1,026
1,314
456

42.0
43.8
40.3
37.7
39.6
39.3
36.1
34.1
27.2
42.2
33.3
41.6
39.8
40.4
42.7
36.1

44.9
45.6
44.3
42.5
42.6
45.6
40.2
42.4
44.8
45.0
41.7
43.4
43.1
42.2
46.1
41.6

59,538

2,159

4,605

52,774

30,122

6,789

15,863

42.2

45.0

16,188
8,600
7,588
12,472
1,886
6,909
3,678
5,905
22
1,544
4,339
12,015
12,958
4,740
4,359
3,860

253
107
146
251
34
148
70
386
3
41
343
597
672
162
190
320

809
285
524
1,294
130
679
485
1,141
2
98
1,042
315
1,046
154
273
620

15,126
8,209
6,918
10,927
1,722
6,082
3,123
4,377
18
1,406
2,954
11,103
11,241
4,424
3,896
2,921

7,184
3,657
3,527
5,826
1,066
2,602
2,158
3,010
14
825
2,170
6,949
7,153
2,964
2,046
2,143

1,741
931
809
1,430
257
788
385
465
203
262
1,527
1,627
665
589
373

6,202
3,620
2,582
3,671
399
2,692
580
903
4
378
521
2,626
2,461
795
1,261
405

45.1
46.2
43.9
42.4
41.7
44.6
38.8
37.1
(2)
43.1
35.0
41.9
40.8
41.8
43.5
36.6

46.9
47.4
46.3
45.7
43.9
47.9
42.3
43.3
(2)
45.3
42.3
43.5
43.9
43.1
46.2
41.9

50,865

2,581

10,998

37,287

27,678

4,187

5,421

35.6

41.2

13,539
5,622
7,917
22,656
1,790
6,639
14,227
9,209
731
291
8,187
1,058
4,404
3,067
435
901

311
91
220
946
43
472
430
920
103
8
809
52
353
204
36
113

2,099
592
1,508
5,054
313
2,086
2,655
3,132
337
50
2,746
152
561
233
151
177

11,129
4,939
6,189
16,656
1,435
4,080
11,141
5,157
292
233
4,632
854
3,490
2,631
248
612

7,304
3,137
4,167
13,071
1,100
2,782
9,189
3,928
180
162
3,586
643
2,732
2,066
156
510

1,402
674
728
1,735
162
493
1,080
523
52
24
448
104
423
334
39
51

2,423
1,129
1,294
1,850
173
805
872
706
61
47
599
108
335
231
53
51

38.2
40.1
36.9
35.1
37.3
33.8
35.4
32.1
27.0
37.2
32.4
37.7
36.9
38.2
33.9
34.1

42.2
42.6
41.9
40.4
41.0
42.3
39.6
41.6
44.9
42.9
41.3
41.5
40.8
40.6
43.2
40.4

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1990

1989
Employment status and sex

Oct.

Nov. Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug. Sept.

Oct.

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

188,580 188,721 188,865 188,990 189,090 189,198 189,326 189,467 189,607 189,763 189,901 190,002 190,095
125,857 126,192 126,246 126,094 126,308 126,498 126,543 126,643 126,466 126,394 126,300 126,568 126,354

66.7
119,294
63.3
1,709
117,585
3,197
114,388
6,563
5.2
62,723

66.9
119,540
63.3
1,704
117,836
3,160
114,676
6,652
5.3
62,529

66.8

66.7

66.8

66.9

66.8

66.8

66.7

66.6

119,588 119,560 119,713 120,003 119,773 1 19,989 120,019 119,580
63.3
63.4
63.3
63.0
63.3
63.3
63.3
63.3
1,700 1,697 1,678 1,669 1,657 1,6391 1,630 1,627
117,888 117,863 118,035 118,334 118,116 118,350 118,389 117,953
3,197 3,134 3,079 3,200 3,133 3,305 3,348 3,085
114,691 114,728 114,957 115,133 114,983 115,045 115,041 114,867
6,658 6,535 6,594 6,495 6,770 6,653 6,447 6,814
5.4
5.3
5.3
5.1
5.1
5.2
5.2
5.3
62,619 62,896 62,7821 62,700 62,783 62,824 63,1411 63,369

66.5
119,298
62.8
1,640
117,658
3,137
114,521
7,003
5.5
63,601

66.6

66.5

119,499 119,281
62.7
62.9

1,570
1,601
117,898 117,711
3,181

3,167

114,717 114,545
7,069 7,073
5.6
5.6
63,434 63,741

Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

90,535 90,606 90,678
69,599 69,635 69,725
76.9
76.9
76.9
66,046 66,011 66,143
72.9
72.9
73.0
1,533 1,529 1,525
64,513 64,482 64,618
3,553 3,624 3,582
5.2
5.1
5.1
20,936 20,971 20,953

90,772
69,539
76.6
65,943
72.6
1,523
64,420

90,822
69,639
76.7
66,108
72.8
1,506
64,602
3,597 3,530
5.1
5.2
21,233 21,183

98,045 98,115 98,187
56,258 56,557 56,521
57.6
57.4
57.6
53,248 53,529 53,445
54.6
54.4
54.3
175
176
175
53,072 53,354 53,270
3,010 3,028 3,076
5.4
5.4
5.4
41,787 41,558 41,666!

98,218
56,555
57.6
53,617
54.6
174
53,443

90,874 90,942 91,014
69,712 69,779 69,737
76.7
76.7
76.6
66,208 66,043 66,058
72.6
72.6
72.9
1,499
1,472
1,497
64,711 64,544 64,586
3,735 3,679
3,505
5.4
5.3
5.0
21,162 21,163 21,277

91,087 91,168 91,240 91,271
69,599 69,544 69,459 69,809
76.3
76.5
76.1
76.4
66,000 65,740 65,596 65,867
72.2
72.1
71.9
72.5
1,462 1,475 1,441
1,465
64,535 64,278 64,121 64,426
3,599 3,804 3,863 3,943
5.5
5.6
5.6
5.2
21,488 21,624 21,781 21,462

91,299
69,780
76.4
65,862

72.1
1,414
64,448

3,918
5.6
21,519

Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

98,383 98,453 98,520 98,595
56,764 56,906 56,867 56,849
57.7
57.7
57.8
57.7
53,729 53,931 54,019 53,839
54.8
54.8
54.6
54.6
167
165
158
165
53,571 53,764 53,854 53,674
2,938 3,064 2,990 3,034 2,975 2,848 3,010
5.3
5.0
5.2
5.3
5.3
5.4
5.2
41,663 41,599 41,539 41,619 41,547 41,653 41,746

1
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
4
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident

36




98,268 98,324
56,669 56,785
57.8
57.7
53,605 53,795
54.7
54.5
172
172
53,433 53,623

98,796
56,575
57.3
53,419
54.1
156
53,263
3,156
5.6
41,819 41,973 42,221

98,661
56,842
57.6
53,702
54.4
165
53,537
3,140
5.5

98,731
56,758
57.5
53,632
54.3
160
53,472
3,126
5.5

Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1990

1989
Oct.

Nov.

Dec,

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

186,871 187,017 187,165 187,293 187,412 187,529 187,669 187,828 187,977 188,136 188,261 188,401 188,525
124,148 124,488 124,546 124,397 124,630 124,829 124,886 125,004 124,836 124,767 124,660 124,967 124,784
66.3
66.2
66.3
66.4
66.6
66.5
66.4
66.2
66.6
66.5
66.5
66.6
66.4
117,585 117,836 117,888 117,863 118,035 118,334 118,116 118,350 118,389 117,953 117,658 117,898 117,711
62.6
62.7
62.4
62.5
63.0
63.1
62.9
63.0
62.9
63.0
63.0
62.9
63.0
7,073
7,003 7,069
6,563 6,652 6,658 6,535 6,594 6,495 6,770 6,653 6,447 6,814
5.7
5.7
5.5
5.4
5.3
5.6
5.2
5.2
5.3
5.3
5.3
5.3
5.3

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

81,905
63,918
78.0
61,026
74.5
2,304
58,722
2,892
4.5
17,987

81,968
63,967
78.0
61,033
74.5
2,292
58,741
2,934
4.6
18,001

82,055
64,071
78.1
61,154
74.5
2,293
58,861
2,917
4.6
17,984

82,168
63,958
77.8
60,976
74.2
2,269
58,706
2,983
4.7
18,210

82,248
64,101
77.9
61,172
74.4
2,254
58,918
2,929
4.6
18,147

82,378
64,183
77.9
61,270
74.4
2,268
59,002
2,913
4.5
18,195

82,487
64,251
77.9
61,138
74.1
2,258
58,879
3,113
4.8
18,236

82,581
64,312
77.9
61,265
74.2
2,388
58,877
3,047
4.7
18,269

82,676
64,364
77.9
61,345
74.2
2,400
58,945
3,019
4.7
18,312

82,790
64,344
77.7
61,196
73.9
2,262
58,934
3,148
4.9
18,446

82,862
64,362
77.7
61,143
73.8
2,246
58,897
3,219
5.0
18,500

82,940
64,573
77.9
61,264
73.9
2,295
58,969
3,309
5.1
18,367

83,013
64,559
77.8
61,270
73.8
2,271
58,999
3,289
5.1
18,454

90,860
52,281
57.5
49,796
54.8
641
49,155
2,485
4.8
38,579

90,952
52,541
57.8
50,043
55.0
624
49,419
2,498
4.8
38,411

91,042
52,586
57.8
50,048
55.0
618
49,430
2,538
4.8
38,456

91,091
52,686
57.8
50,255
55.2
594
49,661
2,431
4.6
38,405

91,157
52,814
57.9
50,287
55.2
582
49,704
2,527
4.8
38,343

91,237
52,800
57.9
50,344
55.2
648
49,696
2,456
4.7
38,437

91,330
52,954
58.0
50,427
55.2
669
49,758
2,526
4.8
38,376

91,414
53,146
58.1
50,709
55.5
680
50,029
2,438
4.6
38,268

91,495
53,174
58.1
50,776
55.5
700
50,077
2,398
4.5
38,321

91,581
53,211
58.1
50,719
55.4
585
50,135
2,492
4.7
38,370

91,688
53,315
58.1
50,699
55.3
639
50,060
2,616
4.9
38,373

91,765
53,121
57.9
50,489
55.0
619
49,870
2,632
5.0
38,644

91,857
52,983
57.7
50,370
54.8
619
49,752
2,613
4.9
38,874

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
1
2

14,107 14,097 14,067 14,034 14,008 13,914 13,852 13,832 13,806 13,764 13,711 13,696 13,655
7,715
7,846
7,752
7,949 7,980
7,889
6,983 7,272
7,545 7,29b 7,212
7,681
7,243
56.4
55.1
56.6
56.3
52.4
55.4
55.2
56.1
53.1
50.9
52.9
54.6
53.0
6,577 6,720 6,551
6,763 6,760 6,686 6,631
6,144
6,376 6,268 6,038 5,815
6,071
47.9
47.0
48.3
47.3
47.5
48.0
44.9
42.4
43.9
45.4
46.1
44.5
47.3
266
244
252
277
239
243
285
270
286
251
249
237
206
6,516
6,511
5,799 5,564 5,878 5,794
6,334 6,435 6,345 6,139,1 6,019
6,400 6,361
1,128
1,220
1,186
1,172
1,174
1,138
1,126
1,121
1,203
1,168
1,030
1,169
1,130
15.5
15.3
14.9
16.2
16.3
14.8
14.4
14.5
15.2
16.7
14.1
15.5
14.7
6,117
6,158
6,282 6,293 6,068 6,171
6,178
6,287 6,508 6,552 6,728 6,424 6,412

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional




population.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1989

Oct.

Nov.

1990

Dec.Jan.

Feb. Mar. Apr. May

June

July

Aug. Sept.

Oct.

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men,

159,644 159,736 159,832 159,938 160,007 160,076 160,170 160,271 160,365 160,468 160,550 160,640 160,717
106,618 106,834 106,896 106,884 107,080 107,061 107,133 107,353 107,273 107,230 107,135 107,451 107,238
66.9
66.8
66.9
67.0
66.9
66.8
66.9
66.9
66.8
66.7
66.9
66.9
66.7
101,862 101,991 102,032 102,074 102,117 102,206 102,027 102,362 102,461 102,260 101,968 102,260 102,013
63.8
63.7
63.9
63.9
63.8
63.8
63.8
63.8
63.8
63.5
63.7
63.7
63.5
4,756 4,843 4,864 4,811 4,962 4,856 5,106 4,991 4,812 4,970 5,167 5,190 5,225
4.6
4.6
4.5
4.6
4.5
4.5
4.6
4.5
4.5
4.9
4.8
4.8
4.8

20 years and over

Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
;
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

55,626 55,676 55,747 55,771 55,815 55,828 55,826 55,919 55,932 55,895 56,035 56,144 56,111
78.4
78.4
78.3
78.4
78.5
78.5
78.3
78.4
78.1
78.3
78.3
78.5
78.3
53,483 53,482 53,580 53,560 53,547 53,593 53,425 53,578 53,650 53,576 53,613 53,721 53,632
75.4
74.9
75.1
74.9
75.2
75.2
75.3
75.5
74.8
75.0
74.9
75.1
75.5
2,143 2,194 2,167 2,211 2,268 2,235 2,400 2,341 2,282 2,318 2,423 2,423 2,479
4.1
4.1
4.0
3.9
3.9
4.4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.0
3.9
4.3
4.3

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

44,207 44,360 44,469 44,475 44,615 44,523 44,740 44,925 45,055 45,120 45,100 45,000 44,888
57.9
57.9
57.4
57.5
57.4
57.4
57.5
57.9
57.3
57.7
57.8
57.6
57.1
42,437 42,586 42,641 42,718 42,782 42,765 42,895 43,165 43,292 43,321 43,227 43,112 43,011
55.6
55.2
55.1
55.0
55.1
55.6
55.1
55.0
55.5
55.3
55.5
55.2
54.9
1,770 1,774 1,828 1,757 1,833 1,758 1,844 1,760 1,763 1,799 1,873 1,888 1,877
3.9
4.1
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.0
3.9
4.0
4.2
4.2
3.9
4.1
4.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,785
59.4

5,942
52.0
843
12.4
13.8
10.9

6,798
59.7
5,923
52.0
875
12.9
14.3
11.3

6,680
58.9

5,811
51.2
869
13.0
14.0
11.9

6,639
58.7
5,796
51.3
843
12.7
12.9
12.4

6,650
59.0

5,788
51.4
862
13.0
12.7
13.2

6,710
59.8
5,847
52.1
863
12.9
13.0
12.7

6,568
58.8
5,707
51.1
861
13.1
13.8
12.4

6,509
58.4

5,619
50.4
890
13.7
14.2
13.1

6,286
56.6
5,519
49.7
767
12.2
12.9
11.4

6,216
56.1
5,363
48.4
853
13.7
15.1
12.3

5,999
54.3
5,128
46.4
871
14.5
15.7
13.2

6,306
57.3
5,427
49.3
879
13.9
15.3
12.5

6,239
56.9
5,370
49.0
869
13.9
14.8
13.0

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men,

21,108 21,136 21,164 21,163 21,188 21,211 21,228 21,261 21,289 21,318 21,337 21,361 21,383
13,507 13,576 13,522 13,510 13,437 13,581 13,570 13,587 13,472 13,379 13,366 13,470 13,493
63.1
63.1
62.8
63.3
64.0
63.4
63.8
63.9
64.2
62.6
63.9
63.9
64.0
11,923 11,954 11,920 11,978 12,030 12,148 12,161 12,179 12,064 11,870 11,791 11,839 11,903
55.7
55.7
56.7
57.3
56.8
56.6
55.4
56.3
56.6
55.3
57.3
57.3
56.5
1,622 1,602 1,532 1,407 1,433 1,409 1,408 1,407 1,510 1,575 1,631 1,590
1,584
10.4
10.6
11.8
12.1
11.8
11.3
10.4
10.4
11.3
11.8
11.9
11.7
10.5

20 years and over

Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,234
74.2
5,593
66.6
641
10.3

6,247
74.2
5,587
66.4
660
10.6

6,244
74.0
5,569
66.0
675
10.8

6,189
73.5
5,496
65.2
693
11.2

6,172
73.3
5,603
66.6
569

6,227
73.6
5,631
66.5

9.2

9.6

6,336
60.2
5,706
54.2
630
9.9

6,373
60.4
5,722
54.2
651
10.2

6,311
59.7

6,393
60.5
5,802
54.9

6,423
60.7
5,821
55.0
602
9.4

6,240
73.7
5,651
66.8
589
9.4

6,241
73.5
5,672
66.8

6,293
74.0
5,702
67.1

569

591
9.4

6,456
60.9
5,872
55.4
584

6,451
60.8
5,858
55.2

6,516
61.3

9.0

9.2

596

9.1

6,293
73.9
5,617
65.9
676
10.7

6,235
73.1

6,330
74.1

5,572
65.4
663
10.6

5,580
65.3
750
11.8

6,328
59.4
5,735
53.8
592

6,358
59.6
5,730
53.7
628
9.9

6,361
59.5
5,705
53.4
656
10.3

6,351
74.3
5,631
65.8
721
11.3

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,681
53.8
630
10.0

591
9.2

594

5,921
55.7
595
9.1

6,377
59.9
5,812
54.6
565
8.9

9.4
I

See footnotes at end of table.

38




6,335
59.2
5,722
53.5
613
9.7

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1989
Oct.

Nov.

1990
Jan.

Dec.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

937
43.0
624
28.6
313
33.4
32.0
34.9

956
44.0
645
29.7
311
32.5
32.3
32.7

967
44.6
670
30.9
297
30.7
30.1
31.4

928
42.8
680
31.3
248
26.7
29.2
24.0

842
38.5
606
27.7
236
28.0
28.5
27.5

898
41.7
645
30.0
253
28.2
30.0
26.2

879
40.8
652
30.3
227
25.8
27.2
24.3

830
38.6
586
27.3
244
29.4
31.1
27.6

802
37.4
550
25.6
252
31.4
37.4
25.3

758
35.4
517
24.1
241
31.8
32.3
31.2

773
36.1
489
22.8
284
36.7
38.4
35.0

779
36.5
554
25.9
225
28.9
30.6
26.9

807
37.9
550
25.8
257
31.8
30.7
33.1

13,936
9,339
67.0
8,595
61.7
744
8.0

13,977
9,424
67.4
8,672
62.0
752
8.0

14,019
9,495
67.7
8,691
62.0
804
8.5

14,080
9,440
67.0
8,769
62.3
671
7.1

14,119
9,400
66.6

14,159
9,565
67.6
8,831
62.4
734
7.7

14,198
9,618
67.7
8,850
62.3
768
8.0

14,238

14,277
9,651
67.6
8,967
62.8
684
7.1

14,317
9,665
67.5
8,899
62.2
767
7.9

14,356
9,707
67.6
8,951
62.3
757
7.8

14,396
9,643
67.0
8,808
61.2
835
8.7

14,435
9,557
66.2
8,783
60.8
774
8.1

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
,...
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
2

61.4
734
7.8

67.9
8,927
62.7
742
7.7

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1989

1990

Category
Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

CHARACTERISTIC

Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

117,585 117,836 117,888 117,863 118,035 118,334 118,116 118,350 118,389 117,953 117,658 117,898 117,711
40,839 40,886 41,041 40,982 41,347 40,989 40,730 40,881 40,554 40,545 40,604 40,919 40,870
29,544 29,767 29,695 29,897 29,704 29,618 29,742 30,046 29,856 29,909 29,949 29,780 29,772
6,467
6,400
6,382
6,365
6,380
6,325
6,291
6,378
6,349
6,215
6,351
6,354
6,342

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF
WORKER

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,678
1,406
124

1,687
1,373
122

1,677
1,369
125

1,634
1,354
107

1,578
1,375
118

1,620
1,457
115

1,621
1,429
112

1,728
1,502
101

1,685
1,507
106

1,628
1,377
96

1,666
1,357
93

1,808
1,275
112

1,743
1,330
96

105,504 105,960 105,643 105,747 106,117 106,029 105,938 106,176 105,985 105,885 105,691 105,800 105,337
17,595 17,681 17,728 17,626 17,607 17,724 17,816 18,113 17,863 17,788 17,842 17,555 17,679
87,909 88,279 87,915 88,121 88,510 88,306 88,122 88,063 88,121 88,097 87,849 88,246 87,658
1,021
1,051
1,035
941
1,056
957
1,003
1,077
987
1,033
1,074
989
1,005
86,922 87,228 86,838 87,086 87,489 87,302 87,165 87,122 87,065 87,108 86,816 87,171 86,653
8,628
8,716
8,783
8,852
8,528
8,653
8,733
8,759
8,610
8,629
8,709
8,810
8,880
254
313
261
258
264
251
256
226
280
229
269
235
242

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

4,767
2,314
2,082
15,368

4,803
2,297
2,162
15,254

4,802
2,277
2,106
15,388

4,983
2,402
2,255
14,931

4,887
2,307
2,211
15,381

5,004
2,476
2,127
15,464

4,871
2,407
2,138
15,193

4,831
2,439
2,052
15,592

5,013
2,499
2,224
15,125

4,870
2,565
2,070
15,311

5,036
2,424
2,123
15,377

5,365
2,654
2,462
15,283

5,462
2,627
2,403
15,105

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

4,526
2,166
2,021
14,936

4,552
2,132
2,097
14,805

4,554
2,111
2,051
14,983

4,729
2,240
2,172
14,515

4,703
2,183
2,173
14,924

4,747
2,293
2,050
14,975

4,630
2,218
2,096
14,804

4,666
2,317
2,004
15,064

4,734
2,284
2,141
14,627

4,710
2,408
2,048
14,922

4,780
2,242
2,069
14,899

5,093
2,481
2,386
14,858

5,182
2,436
2,333
14,688

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey




period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36.

Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)
1989

1990

Sex and age
Oct.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years .:
55 years and over

A-37.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

June

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

117,585 117,836 117,888 117,863 118,035 118,334 118,116 118,350 118,389 117,953 117,658 117,898 117,711
19,487
6,763
2,645
4,130
12,724
98,122
83,316
14,818

19,482
6,760
2,598
4,152
12,722
98,345
83,594
14,784

19,298
6,686
2,518
4,161
12,612
98,594
83,680
14,849

19,309
6,631
2,501
4,132
12,678
98,547
83,690
14,805

19,247
6,577
2,513
4,072
12,670
98,722
83,856
14,867

19,459
6,720
2,557
4,164
12,739
98,803
83,938
14,870

19,196
6,551
2,460
4,086
12,646
98,836
83,969
14,856

19,080
6,376
2,386
3,992
12,704
99,285
84,344
14,971

18,979
6,268
2,300
3,946
12,711
99,458
84,452
14,934

18,702
6,038
2,166
3,878
12,664
99,312
84,423
14,902

18,366
5,815
2,085
3,703
12,551
99,415
84,447
15,008

18,657
6,144
2,277
3,866
12,513
99,234
84,290
15,040

18,578
6,071
2,194
3,866
12,508
99,155
84,317
14,817

64,513 64,482 64,618 64,420 64,602 64,711 64,544 64,586 64,535 .64,278 64,121 64,426 64,448
10,211 10,123 10,128 10,091 10,071 10,110 10,018 9,992 9,883 9,775 9,556 9,725 9,728
3,487 3,449 3,464 3,444 3,430 3,441 3,407 3,321
3,189 3,083 2,977 3,161
3,178
1,357
1,308
1,315
1,317
1,329
1,298
1,270
1,224
1,166 1,106 1,047
1,187
1,162
2,134 2,140 2,153 2,149 2,121 2,126 2,130 2,071 2,009
1,985
1,907
1,967
1,999
6,724 6,674 6,664 6,647 6,640 6,669 6,611 6,671
6,694 6,692 6,579 6,564 6,550
54,302 54,362 54,494 54,335 54,463 54,558 54,475 54,605 54,658 54,517 54,617 54,699 54,724
45,829 45,938 46,048 45,832 46,013 46,081 46,041 46,099 46,106 46,033 46,052 46,175 46,239
8,488 8,432 8,441
8,509 8,485 8,480 8,432 8,498 8,489 8,492 8,578 8,606 8,482
53,072 53,354 53,270 53,443 53,433 53,623 53,571 53,764 53,854 53,674 53,537 53,472 53,263
9,276 9,359 9,170 9,218 9,176 9,349 9,178 9,088 9,095 8,927 8,810 8,932 8,850
3,276 3,311
3,222 3,187 3,146 3,279 3,144 3,056 3,078 2,955 2,838 2,983 2,892
1,288
1,269
1,210 1,203
1,198 1,240
1,190 1,162
1,134
1,038
1,060
1,090
1,032
1,996 2,012 2,008 1,983
1,951
2,038 1,956
1,921
1,937
1,893
1,796 1,899
1,867
6,000 6,048 5,948 6,030 6,029 6,070 6,034 6,032 6,017 5,972 5,972 5,949 5,958
43,820 43,983 44,100 44,212 44,259 44,245 44,361 44,679 44,800 44,796 44,798 44,535 44,431
37,487 37,656 37,632 37,859 37,844 37,857 37,928 38,245 38,346 38,389 38,395 38,115 38,078
6,330 6,352 6,408 6,296 6,382 6,390 6,424 6,472 6,444 6,410 6,430 6,435 6,336

Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)
1989

1990

Sex and age
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years

55 years and over

40




Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

6,658

6,535

6,594

6,495

6,770

6,653

6,447

6,814

7,003

7,069

7,073

2,428
1,203
558
645
1,225
4,242
3,744
494

2,299
1,121
434
683
1,178
4,279
3,780
525

2,294
1,138
509
609
1,156
4,304
3,781
526

2,274
1,126
520
615
1,148
4,237
3,727
515

2,425
1,130
519
609
1,295
4,347
3,864
505

2,349
1,169
597
587
1,180
4,245
3,832
464

2,171
1,030
442
612
1,141
4,266
3,850
433

2,316
1,174
457
693
1,142
4,456
3,958
494

2,387
1,168
494
653
1,219
4,617
4,028
538

2,454
1,128
512
652
1,326
4,667
4,121
513

2,493
1,172
508
660
1,321
4,595
4,036
556

3,624

3,582

3,597

3,530

3,505

3,735

3,679

3,599

3,804

3,863

3,943

3,918

1,349
661
308
353
688
2,214
1,919
280

1,380
690
312
382
690
2,258
1,967
303

1,361
665
319
346
696
2,238
1,917
314

1,267
614
214
397
653
2,373
2,079
313

1,226
601
259
336
625
2,313
2,018
308

1,236
592
267
336
644
2,291
1,997
300

1,343
622
281
341
721
2,387
2,099
310

1,261
632
318
320
629
2,358
2,089
296

1,233
580
228
350
653
2,343
2,066
275

1,279
656
249
387
623
2,499
2,173
321

1,253
644
287
351
609
2,616
2,234
336

1,326
634
274
379
692
2,642
2,274
342

1,330
629
257
371
701
2,606
2,257
360

3,010

3,028

3,076

2,938

3,064

2,990

3,034

2,975

2,848

3,010

3,140

3,126

3,156

1,079
525
228
292
554
1,930
1,733
184

1,092
530
236
283
562
1,930
1,721
193

1,067
538
239
299
529
2,004
1,827
180

1,032
507
220
286
525
1,906
1,701
212

1,069
537
250
273
532
1,991
1,763
218

1,038
534
253
279
504
1,945
1,730
216

1,082
508
238
268
574
1,961
1,765
195

1,087
537
279
267
550
1,887
1,742
169

938
450
214
262
488
1,923
1,785
158

1,037
518
208
306
519
1,956
1,785
173

1,134
524
207
302
610
2,001
1,794
203

1,128
494
238
273
634
2,025
1,847
171

1,163
543
251
289
620
1,989
1,779
196

Oct.

Nov.

6,563

6,652

2,428
1,186
536
645
1,242
4,144
3,652
464

2,472
1,220
548
665
1,252
4,188
3,688
496

3,553

Dec.

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1990

1989
Sex and age

Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.4

10.7

4.1
4.2
3.2

11.2
15.2
18.1
13.4
8.9
4.1
4.3
3.2

10.6
14.5
14.8
14.2

5.2

5.3

11.7
15.9
18.5
14.2
9.3
3.9
4.0
3.2

12.0
16.7
19.0
15.1
9.4
4.0
4.1
3.5

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

5.3

5.3

5.3

11.1
14.9

11.3

16.9
13.5
8.9
4.1
4.2
3.0

17.4

15.3
13.8
9.0

Jan.

May

Sept.

Oct.

5.6

5.7

5.7

11.0
16.3
17.4
15,2
8.3
4.3
4.5
3.2

11.5
16.7
19.2
15.0
8.8
4.4
4.6
3.5

11.6
15.5
18.4
14.4
9.6
4.5
4.7
3.3

11.8
16.2
18.8
14.6
9.6
4.4
4.6
3.6
5.7

June

July

5.3

5.2

5.5

10.3
14.1
16.1
13.4
8.2
4.1
4.4
2.8

Aug.

8.5
4.2
4.3
3.4

16.8
13.0
8.4
4.2
4.3
3.4

10.5
14.4
16.9
12.9
8.3
4.1
4.3
3.3

11.2
14.7
17.4
13.0
9.3
4.2
4.4
3.3

11.0
15.5
20.0
12.8
8.5
4.1
4.3
3.0

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.1

5.5

5.4

5.3

5.6

5.7

5.8

11.8
16.1
19.6
13.8
9.5
3.9
4.0
3.6

11.2
15.1
14.2
15.6
8.9
4.2
4.3
3.6

10.9
14.9
16.5
13.7
8.6
4.1
4.2
3.5

10.9
14.7
16.9
13.6
8.8
4.0
4.2
3.4

11.8

11.2
16.0
20.6
13.4
8.6

11.6
17.5
18.4
16.3
8.5
4.4
4.5
3.6

11.6
17.8
21.5

12.0

12.0

16.7

16.5

18.8

18.1

16.2

15.7

4.1
4.3
3.4

11.1
15.4
16.4
14.8
8.9
4.1
4.3
3.1

9.5
4.6
4.7
3.8

9.7
4.5
4.7

14.8

15.4
18.1

13.8
9.8
4.2
4.4
3.5

15.5
8.5
4.6
4.6
3.8

4.1

5.4

5.4

5.5

5.2

5.4

5.3

5.4

5.2

5.0

5.3

5.5

5.5

5.6

10.4
13.8

10.4
13.8
15.7
12.3
8.5
4.2
4.4
2.9

10.4

10.1
13.7
15.5
12.6
8.0
4.1
4.3
3.3

10.4
14.6
17.3
12.3
8.1
4.3
4.5
3.3

10.0
14.0

10.5
13.9
16.7
12.1
8.7
4.2
4.4
2.9

10.7
14.9
19.4
12.2
8.4
4.1
4.4
2.5

9.3
12.8
15.9
11.9
7.5
4.1
4.4
2.4

10.4
14.9
16.4
13.9
8.0
4.2
4.4
2.6

11.4
15.6
16.6
14.4
9.3
4.3
4.5
3.1

11.2
14.2
17.9
12.6
9.6
4.4
4.6
2.6

11.6
15.8
19.6
13.4
9.4
4.3
4.5
3.0

15.0
12.8
8.5
4.2
4.4
2.8

14.3
16.5
13.0
8.2
4.3
4.6
2.7

16.9
12.0
7.7
4.2
4.4
3.3

A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)

1989

1990

Category
Oct.

Nov.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

5.3
4.5
4.8
14.9

5.3
4.6
4.8
15.3

5.3
4.6
4.8

5.3
4.6
4.8
14.8

5.2
4.5
4.7
14.4

5.4
4.8
4.8
14.7

5.3
4.7
4.6
15.5

5.2
4.7
4.5
14.1

5.5
4.9
4.7

16.3

5.6
5.0
4.9
16.7

5.7
5.1
5.0
15.5

5.7
5.1

15.2

5.3
4.7
4.6
14.5

16.2

4.5
10.2
11.7

4.6
10.2
11.8
8.5

4.5
10.1
11.3

4.6
9.2

4.6
9.3
10.4
7.7

4.5
9.4
10.4
7.1

4.6
10.3
11.3
7.9

4.8
10.4
11.8
7.8

4.9

7.1

4.8
9.1
10.4
8.0

4.8

10.5
7.8

4.5
9.4
10.6

8.0

4.5
10.3
11.9
8.0

8.7

11.8
8.1

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

3.0
3.9
7.8

3.1
3.8
8.2

3.0
3.9
8.1

3.4
3.7
7.5

3.0
3.8
7.5

3.2
3.6
8.4

3.3
3.5
7.5

3.3
3.5
7.4

3.2
3.7
8.0

3.3
3.5
8.5

3.5
3.9
8.5

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

4.9
7.1
1.1
5.9

5.0
7.4
1.1
5.9

5.0
7.5
1.1
6.0

5.0
7.0
1.1
6.0

4.9
7.4
1.1
5.9

4.9
7.2
1.1
5.9

5.1
7.1
1.1
6.2

4.9
7.4
1.1
6.0

4.8
7.6
1.1
5.9

5.0
8.1
1.2
6.0

5.2
7.9
1.3
6.3

5.4
7.1
1.3
6.4

5.5
6.8
1.3
6.6

5.3
6.2
4.8
9.3
5.4
5.2
5.6
4.9
3.9
5.9
4.3
2.7
9.8

5.4
6.3
6.2
9.8
5.4
5.4
5.3
5.0
3.6
6.4
4.3
2.7
12.1

5.4
6.5
4.4
9.8
5.6
5.4
5.9
4.9
3.4
6.3
4.2
2.6
9.7

5.5
6.7
6.8
9.3
5.9
5.8
5.9
5.0
4.3
6.2
4.3
2.4
9.2

5.5
6.6
4.8
8.9
5.9
5.5
6.4
5.0
4.0
6.0
4.4
2.5
9.3

5.5
6.6
5.9
10.0
5.5
5.3
5.9
5.0
3.4
6.2
4.5
2.3

5.7
6.9
4.6
10.6
5.9
5.7
6.3
5.1
4.3
6.2
4.5
2.1
11.0

5.5
6.7
3.3
11.5
5.4
5.5
5.2
5.0
3.2
6.3
4.4
2.5
7.9

5.3
5.9
3.6
9.7
4.9
4.9
5.0
5.0
3.0
6.2
4.5
2.9
10.0

5.5
6.6
4.4
10.2
5.7
5.6
5.7
5.0
3.7
6.0
4.5
2.8
10.6

5.7
6.9
4.9
11.1
5.8
5.9
5.6
5.2
4.1
6.2
4.7
2.8
9.7

5.8
7.0
3.8
11.8
5.7
6.0
5.3
5.3
3.9
6.6
4.7
2.9
9.3

5.9
7.3
3.7
13.2
5.7
5.8
5.6
5.3
4.1
6.7
4.4
2.8
8.2

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin

3.5
3.9
8.5

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
/ Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
2

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time




10.1

for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.

41

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1989

1990

Weeks of unemployment
Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

3,166
1,995
1,378
743
635

3,258
1,991
1,422
765
657

3,302
2,013
1,362
730
632

3,119
2,012
1,430
777
653

3,159
2,079
1,369
731
638

3,194
2,044
1,333
702
631

3,204
2,175
1,386
697
688

3,026
2,236
1,374
764
610

3,046
2,049
1,406
763
643

3,120
2,159
1,513
809
704

3,325
2,048
1,609
845
764

3,044
2,479
1,620
872
748

3,101
2,405
1,581
896
685

11.7
5.0

11.6
4.8

11.5
4.8

12.1
5.1

11.7
5.4

12.0
5.1

12.1
5.0

11.6
5.4

12.0
5.1

12.0
5.2

12.3
5.2

12.5
6.2

11.9
6.0

100.0
48.4
30.5
21.1
11.4
9.7

100.0
48.8
29.8
21.3
11.5
9.8

100.0
49.5
30.1
20.4
10.9
9.5

100.0
47.5
30.7
21.8
11.8
9.9

100.0
47.8
31.5
20.7
11.1
9.7

100.0
48.6
31.1
20.3
10.7
9.6

100.0
47.4
32.2
20.5
10.3
10.2

100.0
45.6
33.7
20.7
11.5
9.2

100.0
46.9
31.5
21.6
11.7
9,9

100.0
45.9
31.8
22.3
11.9
10.4

100.0
47.6
29.3
23.0
12.1
10.9

100.0
42.6
34.7
22.7
12.2
10.5

100.0
43.8
33.9
22.3
12.6
9.7

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1989

1990

Reasons for unemployment
Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

2,979
780
2,199
994
1,890
685

3,092
969
2,123
1,049
1,845
695

3,097
957
2,140
1,055
1,853
686

3,183
1,033
2,150
1,016
1,730
640

3,103
964
2,139
1,006
1,805
680

3,038
941
2,097
1,014
1,859
644

3,147
999
2,148
1,179
1,780
617

3,171
979
2,192
1,014
1,820
683

3,151
918
2,233
995
1,789
534

3,088
960
2,128
1,027
1,960
687

3,367
973
2,394
984
1,879
677

3,511
1,127
2,384
934
1,985
656

3,533
1,020
2,513
970
1,904
693

100.0
45.5
11.9
33.6
15.2
28.9
10.5

100.0
46.3
14.5
31.8
15.7
27.6
10.4

100.0
46.3
14.3
32.0
15.8
27.7
10.3

100.0
48.5
15.7
32.7
15.5
26.3
9.7

100.0
47.1
14.6
32.4
15.3
27.4
10.3

100.0
46.3
14.4
32.0
15.5
28.4
9.8

100.0
46.8
14.9
31.9
17.5
26.5
9.2

100.0
47.4
14.6
32.8
15.2
27.2
10.2

100.0
48.7
14.2
34.5
15.4
27.7
8.3

100.0
45.7
14.2
31.5
15.2
29.0
10.2

100.0
48.7
14.1
34.7
14.3
27.2
9.8

100.0
49.5
15.9
33.6
13.2
28.0
9.3

100.0
49.8
14.4
35.4
13.7
26.8
9.8

2.4
.8
1.5
.6

2.5
.8
1.5
.6

2.5
.8
1.5
.6

2.6
.8
1.4
.5

2.5
.8
1.4
.5

2.4
.8
1.5
.5

2.5
.9
1.4
.5

2.5
.8
1.5
.5

2.5
.8
1.4
.4

2.5
.8
1.6
.6

2.7
.8
1.5
.5

2.8
.7
1.6
.5

2.8
.8
1.5
.6

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1938 to date
(In thousands)
Service-producing

Goods-producing
Year
and
month

1~
Total

Total
private

Total

Mining

Construc-

Manufacturing

Total

Transportation
and
public
utilities

Wholesale
trade

Retail
trade

Finance,
insurance,
and
Services
real
estate

Government

Federal

State

Local

Annual averages
1938
1939

29,194
30,603

25,311
26,608

11,401
12,297

891
854

1,070
1,165

9,440
10,278

17,793
18,306

2,863
2,936

(1)
1,767

4,659

1,447

0

(1)
3,502

(1)
905

(1)
(1)

1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949

32,361
36,539
40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

28,159
31,877
34,624
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

13,221
15,963
18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565

925
957
992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930

1,311
1,814
2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194

10,985
13,192
15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

19,140
20,574
21,636
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189

3,038
3,274
3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

1,841
1,966
1,912
1,828
1,851
1,955
2,298
2,478
2,612
2,610

4,909
5,244
5,206
5,154
5,208
5,359
6,077
6,477
6,659
6,654

1,485
1,525
1,509
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828

3,665
3,905
4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,239

996
1,340
2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908

01
()
(11)
(1)
()
(11)
()
(11)
(1)
()

1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
19592

45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186

18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411

901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675

26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

2,643
2,735
2,821
2,862
2,875
2,934
3,027
3,037
2,989
3,092

6,743
7,007
7,184
7,385
7,360
7,601
7,831
7,848
7,761
8,035

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,356
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

(1)
0
01
()
0

1,168
1,250
1,328
1,415
1,484

3,558
3,819
4,071
4,232
4,366

1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384

45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189

20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

3,153
3,142
3,207
3,258
3,347
3,477
3,608
3,700
3,791
3,919

8,238
8,195
8,359
8,520
8,812
9,239
9,637
9,906
10,308
10,785

2,628
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378
7,619
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758

1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533

4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

47,302
48,278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

4,006
4,014
4,127
4,291
4,447
4,430
4,562
4,723
4,985
5,221

11,034
11,338
11,822
12,315
12,539
12,630
13,193
13,792
14,556
14,972

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975

11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,302
16,252
17,112

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773

2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541 .

7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

90,406
91,156
89,566
90,200
94,496
97,519
99,525
102,200
105,536
108,413

74,166
75,126
73,729
74,330
78,472
81,125
82,832
85,190
88,150
90,644

25,658
25,497
23,813
23,334
24,727
24,859
24,558
24,708
25,173
25,326

1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
927
777
717
713
700

4,346
4,188
3,905
3,948
4,383
4,673
4,816
4,967
5,110
5,200

20,285
20,170
18,781
18,434
19,378
19,260
18,965
19,024
19,350
19,426

64,748
65,659
65,753
66,866
69,769
72,660
74,967
77,492
80,363
83,087

5,146
5,165
5,082
4,954
5,159
5,238
5,255
5,372
5,527
5,648

5,292
5,376
5,296
5,286
5,574
5,736
5,774
5,865
6,055
6,271

15,018
15,172
15,161
15,595
16,526
17,336
17,909
18,462
19,077
19,580

5,160
5,298
5,341
5,468
5,689
5,955
6,283
6,547
6,649
6,724

17,890
18,619
19,036
19,694
20,797
21,999
23,053
24,235
25,669
27,096

2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899
2,943
2,971
2,988

3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,832
3,893
3,967
4,076
4,175

9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,687
9,901
10,100
10,339
10,606

O

o
o
()

o
o1
()
0

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
1989:
October
November
December
1990:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October*
1

108,980
109,245
109,383

91,096
91,344
91,456

25,283
25,280
25,218

710
716
718

5,239
5,258
5,216

19,334
19,306
19,284

83,697
83,965
84,165

5,671
5,693
5,776

6,313
6,335
6,344

19,665
19,714
19,710

6,756
6,774
6,785

27,408
27,548
27,623

2,986
2,982
2,977

4,202
4,212
4,206

10,696
10,707
10,744

109,654
109,958
110,122
110,177
110,617
110,829
110,740
110,613
110,561
110,493

91,656
91,917
91,963
91,922
92,120
92,282
92,300
92,320
92,262
92,164

25,188
25,339
25,259
25,180
25,191
25,162
25,105
25,013
24,936
24,794

723
727
729
734
738
744
745
735
736
735

5,294
5,368
5,313
5,256
5,286
5,270
5,229
5,194
5,183
5,103

19,171
19,244
19,217
19,190
19,167
19,148
19,131
19,084
19,017
18,956

84,466
84,619
84,863
84,997
85,426
85,667
85,635
85,600
85,625
85,699

5,790
5,804
5,808
5,809
5,833
5,846
5,841
5,846
5,868
5,877

6,356
6,357
6,361
6,363
6,369
6,383
6,374
6,376
6,367
6,356

19,807
19,758
19,764
19,778
19,795
19,822
19,851
19,846
19,832
19,784

6,794
6,817
6,821
6,823
6,838
6,844
6,842
6,852
6,852
6,853

27,721
27,842
27,950
27,969
28,094
28,225
28,287
28,387
28,407
28,500

3,000
3,005
3,089
3,151
3,346
3,338
3,164
3,045
3,007
2,992

4,225
4,239
4,249
4,252
4,262
4,296
4,298
4,305
4,318
4,330

10,773
10,797
10,821
10,852
10,889
10,913
10,978
10,943
10,974
11,007

Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonfarm total for the March 1959 benchmark
month.
p
= preliminary.
2




NOTE: Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system and are currently projected from March 1989 benchmark
levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
(beginning April 1989) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January 1986) are
subject to revision.

43

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

109,195 109,719 110,304 110,858 111,235

Total

91,583 91,606 93,147 92,834 92,669 74,320 74,351

Total private
Mining

Production workers1

All employees

,

718

719

748

746

745

75,580 75,293 75,138

514

515

540

539

48.2
5.2
12.5

47.8
5.0
12.5

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

58.6
8.0
14.0

58.9
8.0
14.1

61.1
6.8
15.3

61.0
6.8
15.3

46.5
6.6
11.2

46.7
6.7
11.4

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

151.8
141.9

151.4
141.4

156.5
145.8

155.6
144.9

122.5
114.5

122.1
114.0

126.4
117.8

125.7
117.0

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13

391.7
192.4
194.7

393.1
191.3
197.4

414.4
194.9
215.8

413.3
192.6
217.0

256.5
92.2

258.4
91.3

276.2
94.8

277.1

131
138

160.8

163.8

178.5

180.1

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals

14
142
144
147

115.9
42.7
37.9
16.3

115.1
42.5
37.3
16.4

116.2
43.0
37.1
16.5

115.8
42.8
37.1
16.3

88.9
33.8

88.1
33.6

88.7
33.5

88.2
33.3

5,499

5,491

5,537

5,452

4,346

4,334

4,357

4,279

1,392.0 1,387.6 1,381.6 1,357.8 1,332.0 1,026.0 1,019.4 1,014.3
717.6 710.2 701.0 690.7
516.7 507.1 499.0
38.7
37.3
42.6
42.1
18.9
18.9
16.6
490.4 493.4 498.7
631.8 635.3 641.9 629.8

991.0
488.4
15.7
486.9

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

15
152
153
154

Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway

16

Special trade contractors
,
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

17
171
172

161
162

173

174
175
176

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
See footnotes at end of table.

44




24
241
242
2421
2426
243

2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

859.6
281.2
578.4

869.1
277.4
591.7

875.3
298.0
577.3

415.1

5,348

876.6
295.3
581.3

727.3
237.5
489.8

3,246.9 3,233.9 3,279.7 3,218.0
666.4 668.9 667.3 659.0
188.7 186.1 192.0 182.5
566.0 567.0 583.1 577.0
538.6 532.5 554.1 543.1
216.6 213.4 192.9 185.3
228.9 229.2 230.6 226.6

736.5
233.7
502.8

739.8
254.6
485.2

539

94.2

4,177

741.5
251.9
489.6

2,592.2 2,578.5 2,603.3 2,546.2
496.1
495.2
493.8
486.5
157.0
159.8
160.7
153.5
441.9
441.5
456.2
450.3
461.3
466.0
478.8
467.7
167.8
172.8
146.7
139.5
185.8
185.7
186.7
182.6

13,336 13,270 13,034 13,032 12,956

19,506

19,432 19,173

19,145

19,050

11,414

11,375

11,125

11,107

11,060

7,612

7,578

7,377

7,383

7,350

764.2
91.7
202.6
163.5

759.5

756.9

749.6

737.9

92.2
201.4
162.3
35.7
266.6
107.8
73.3
23.6
33.4
44.9
65.7
45.3

91.6

633.4
76.4
177.3
142.9
31.6

628.5
76.3

618.8
76.4

141.7
31.5

624.6
77.1
175.2
140.9
31.5

606.6

91.5
201.7
162.5
35.9
269.0

220.0
86.6
57.8
20.9
31.1
37.5
50.7
36.4
71.5

218.2
85.6
58.0
20.8
30.6
36.9
49.6
35.6
71.5

215.1
84.5
58.3
20.4
30.0
38.0
49.7
36.8
69.5

• 35.8
270.6
109.1
72.6
24.1
34.5
44.4
67.0
44.5
87.9

108.0
72.8

24.1
34.1
43.6
65.8
43.9
87.9

86.1

198.9
160.3
35.4
262.8

106.6
73.2
23.2
32.6
44.8
65.5
45.7
86.0

176.0

173.4

139.3
31.4
212.2
83.2
58.9
20.1
29.2
37.9
49.6
37.2
69.3

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

1987
SIC
Code

All employees
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Production workers

Sept.
1990 p

Oct.
1990"

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

524.7
300.1
133.4
99.8
22.2
29.6
71.0
33.1
83.1
37.4

525.0
300.2
132.0
100.2
23.2
29.3
70.5
32.8
84.2
37.3

510.7
288.9
127.4
99.8
20.4
28.5
69.1
31.2
84.4
37.1

511.6
290.5
127.2
99.9
21.8
28.5
68.9
31.4
84.2
36.6

511.1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

417.9
252.8
116.4
83.4
17.3
22.8
52.6
26.1
60.8
25.6

418.2
253.0
115.1
83.9
18.3
22.5
52.2
25.9
61.7
25.4

403.3
240.9
109.3
83.4
15.8
21.8
51.8
24.1
61.2
25.3

404.4
242.3
109.2
83.5
17.0
21.8
51.7
24.3
61.3
24.8

403.9
_
_
_
_
_
-

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass...
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

575.3
16.7
87.6
43.1
44.5
57.5
18.8
37.5
40.3
219.3
20.4
74.6
105.2
83.5
22.0
6.9
25.2

573.8
16.6
87.4
43.2
44.2
57.3
18.7
37.5
40.5
218.3
20.0
74.8
104.3
83.4
22.0
6.9
25.3

561.3
16.4
84.1
41.9
42.2
55.8
19.4
36.7
38.6
213.5
19.6
71.4
103.8
82.1
21.3
7.4
24.0

558.4
16.5
84.3
41.7
42.6
55.9
18.9
36.4
38.7
212.0
19.4
71.3
102.7
81.1
21.0
7.3
23.7

552.5
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

450.4
13.4
75.7
39.3
36.4
44.1
14.4
29.0
32.1
168.9
13.2
56.9
84.0
61.7
15.5
5.2
-

449.0
13.2
75.5
39.2
36.3
44.0
14.2
29.0
32.4
168.2
13.1
57.1
83.2
61.6
15.6
5.2
-

438.2
12.9
72.4
37.9
34.5
42.7
15.0
28.5
30.5
164.3
12.9
54.0
83.0
60.9
15.1
5.6
-

435.6
13.0
72.8
37.8
35.0
42.8
14.5
27.9
30.6
163.0
12.7
54.1
82.0
60.0
14.8
5.6
-

430.8
_
-

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum founderies

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

768.8
276.4
208.4
24.8
137.7
84.6
9.0
28.8
45.3
25.2
178.2
24.0
27.8
75.6
86.0
24.7

763.0
272.4
206.3
24.5
135.9
83.0
8.8
28.7
44.9
24.9
178.7
23.9
28.4
75.8
85.6
24.3

754.1
272.1
204.6
25.1
133.7
82.2
8.8
27.9
46.1
25.8
174.5
23.2
28.6
72.4
83.5
23.5

752.8
270.5
203.4
24.9
134.1
82.3
8.7
28.3
45.8
25.9
175.2
23.3
28.8
73.2
83.8
24.0

750.3
269.6
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

586.5
213.0
162.3
18.6
110.5
69.7
6.9
22.5
33.4
19.3
128.3
18.4
18.7
55.4
68.0
19.5

580.0
208.9
160.0
18.3
108.8
68.1
6.7
22.5
33.1
19.0
128.1
18.2
19.0
55.3
67.7
19.1

571.7
208.6
158.4
18.6
106.1
66.9
6.5
21.6
33.8
19.5
125.7
17.6
19.3
52.8
65.4
18.4

572.9
207.7
157.8
18.5
106.9
67.1
6.4
22.2
33.8
19.8
126.7
17.9
19.5
53.6
66.1
19.1

570.3
206.5
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446

_

_
_
_

_
-

1,445.0 1,440.9 1,413.7 1,417.0 1,410.5 1,069.7 1,066.8 1,042.1 1,045.7 1,042.1
_
53.2
52.3
52.3
51.7
46.0
45.3
44.9
44.4
42.7
41.9
_
_
42.4
41.7
37.3
36.6
36.9
36.3
_
130.7 131.2 126.9 127.2
_
96.4
97.0
92.8
93.0
_
44.6
45.2
_
44.2
44.2
32.6
33.4
32.3
32.3
_
_
74.3
74.1
70.7
71.2
55.5
55.4
52.3
52.6
_
63.3
63.4
63.2
62.9
46.0
46.0
45.4
45.5
_
26.8
26.7
26.8
26.3
19.9
19.8
19.7
20.0
_
23.0
_
23.2
22.6
22.9
15.8
15.9
15.2
15.5
_
434.8 433.7 429.9 428.9
_
311.1
309.8 305.6 304.7
78.1
_
78.0
77.5
78.1
56.2
56.0
56.3
55.6
78.0
_
_
78.4
78.2
77.5
57.5
57.2
57.3
56.6
_
108.9
108.9 109.6
_
109.5
73.2
73.4
73.4
73.2
_
96.8
96.4
94.3
94.3
73.3
73.0
71.2
71.0
29.8
29.6
28.6
28.3
21.7
21.4
20.2
19.9
-

See footnotes at end of table.




45

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

1987
SIC
Cnrie*
OUUc

345
3451
3452

346
3462
3465
3469

347
3471
3479

348
3483

349
3494
3496

Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and office
machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee

35
351

Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans

36
361

See footnotes at end of table.

46




3511
3519

352
3523

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537

354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546

355
3552
3555
3556

356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568

357
3571
3575,8,9

358
3585

359
3592
3596,9

3612
3613

362
3621
3625

363
3632
3633
3634

Production workers

All employees
Sept.
1989

99.2
47.6
51.6
231.0
32.9
105.4
80.0
122.0
78.3
43.7
73.5
42.8
237.3
29.4
54.1

Oct.
1989

99.4
47.6
51.8
229.6
32.5
104.9
79.6
121.9
78.3
43.6
72.4
42.2
237.0
29.2
54.4

Aug.
1990

95.8
45.9
49.9
224.4
31.9
101.1
79.3
119.8
76.4
43.4
67.5
38.5
233.9
29.2
53.8

Sept.
1990p

96.3
46.4
49.9
227.0
32.2
103.5
79.1
120.4
76.7
43.7
67.5
38.4
235.1
28.9
53.7

Oct.
1990p

._
..
..
..
..
..
..
„

..

- •

Sept.
1989

75.4
38.7
36.7
183.2
25.4
87.9
60.4
96.8
62.7
34.1
44.1
22.6
170.7
19.0
40.8

Oct.
1989

75.9
38.9
37.0
182.0
25.1
87.3
60.2
96.7
62.8
33.9
44.1
22.9
170.0
18.7
41.1

Aug.
1990

73.3
37.3
36.0
177.6
24.3
84.3
59.9
93.5
59.9
33.6
42.2
21.5
166.7
18.9
40.3

Sept.
1990p

73.7
37.7
36.0
180.7
24.7
86.8
60.1
93.8
60.0
33.8
42.3
21.4
167.7
18.9
40.2

Oct.
1990p

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

2,126.4 2,119.1 2,085.9 2,075.8 2,071.3 1,281.5 1,274.2 1,250.1 1,244.9 1,242.0
60.1
58.4
58.6
90.2
_
60.5
92.8
90.5
93.1
_
_.
16.4
26.4
28.4
16.6
28.5
15.3
15.3
26.3
_
_.
63.8
43.9
43.7
64.6
64.4
64.2
43.1
43.3
104.3 107.7 106.6
76.5
74.0
_.
103.1
77.2
75.5
_
_.
77.9
58.4
81.6
82.3
78.1
54.8
58.8
54.8
_
_.
138.1
137.1
135.8 135.9
222.4 222.6 223.5 224.0
82.2
81.5
52.6
84.1
84.2
50.3
49.9
52.6
-.
_
17.1
10.1
_.
16.6
10.7
10.8
10.2
17.3
16.6
41.8
22.5
41.7
38.9
25.7
22.4
26.5
_.
38.8
_
18.7
34.1
_.
19.1
34.2
34.6
34.7
19.1
18.6
_
19.3
_.
28.4
19.0
28.3
28.6
28.2
19.2
19.5
241.3 241.5 234.5 234.9
_.
337.7 337.7 328.7 327.8
_
_.
29.6
30.0
46.4
32.0
49.6
32.2
47.0
49.6
_
_.
11.4
11.9
18.8
11.3
18.2
11.9
18.3
18.5
114.7 115.3
_
113.4 114.1
146.5
_.
148.7 149.2 146.5
54.7
41.5
38.6
38.4
41.0
54.5
-.
58.1
58.6
_
_.
14.7
21.2
14.6
21.2
14.9
21.0
14.8
21.5
_
_.
92.7
156.8 157.5
97.2
160.3
92.3
96.2
161.1
18.5
18.7
12.6
19.1
12.1
19.1
12.3
12.6
14.7
24.7
13.0
12.9
23.5
23.4
14.0
25.4
_
_
14.1
_
14.0
14.4
23.6
23.4
14.4
_
23.9
23.8
_
_
154.7 154.1
156.8 151.4
242.9 237.6 242.8 241.7
16.6
16.6
28.6
16.5
29.0
16.6
28.7
29.0
33.6
33.3
34.2
38.3
_
28.6
43.4
43.2
_
43.8
_
13.7
13.5
_
24.2
14.0
13.6
24.6
25.0
24.0
31.7
21.4
31.6
21.3
21.6
21.4
32.0
31.7
_
16.4
16.4
11.5
_
16.3
11.6
11.5
11.6
16.2
18.9
12.3
12.5
12.9
18.5
18.6
13.1
19.1
_
139.2
146.5
_
139.9
146.6
460.2 460.5 442.7 441.1
77.1
69.3
76.7
290.7 289.8 273.3 272.9
69.6
70.5
190.8
135.3
317.7
24.2
242.7

71.2
188.7
133.3
317.2
23.9
242.8

67.6
179.9
126.8
311.0
23.3
239.2

67.0
174.1
121.2
309.9
23.3
238.5

_
_
_
_
_
-

22.6
137.9
101.2
233.4
19.0
185.4

23.3
135.6
99.0
233.1
18.7
185.4

21.3
126.8
92.4
227.5
18.9
180.8

21.2
121.9
87.6
227.0
18.9
180.5

_
_
_
-

1,747.4 1,746.3 1,686.5 1,677.8 1,673.8 1,106.2 1,105.2 1,061.8 1,058.7 1,057.4
70.4
98.8
_
66.4
95.0
94.9
_
99.5
66.2
69.9
_
_
49.7
47.6
47.6
35.8
50.2
33.6
33.8
35.5
47.4
47.3
34.6
49.1
49.3
32.6
32.6
34.4
170.2 169.0
125.1
125.1
175.3 176.1
119.2 118.4
88.7
83.8
84.6
_
65.1
69.5
_
88.3
65.6
69.6
_
_
39.7
65.4
67.6
39.9
41.9
65.9
42.0
67.3
101.8
_
_
133.4
102.6
107.4
127.4
108.6
128.5
135.3
22.9
_
23.4
23.1
23.7
_
28.0
28.5
28.1
28.9
16.1
16.6
21.1
17.2
21.0
16.9
20.7
21.4
27.2
27.0
29.9
38.0
30.0
35.2
35.2
38.0
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1987
SIC
Code

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

364
3641
3643
3644
3645

194.5
25.3
74.9
16.2
26.4

194.0
25.3
74.7

186.8

16.3

365

89.8
67.7
269.6

91.3
68.8

15.5
24.3
86.7
64.6
258.1
131.2

3651

366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679

369
3691

3694
37
371
3711

3713
3714
3715
372

3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376

3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391
3911

393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

Production workers1

All employees

139.1

613.3
35.3
250.0
150.6
170.1
29.8
71.0

26.4
269.7
139.4
612.5
35.4
249.3

24.6
72.9

150.9
170.5
30.1

595.3
33.7
244.3
144.5
166.0
29.7

70.8

67.9

Sept.
1990"

Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1989

140.6
21.5
48.6
12.1
19.8
63.7
46.4
135.8
78.2
343.9
23.4
95.3
94.5
118.1
22.9
54.0

187.1
24.9
72.4
15.6

25.1
87.0
65.0
255.1
129.0

590.7
33.7
241.7
142.9
166.5

29.9
68.1

Oct.
1989

140.7
21.5
48.8
12.2
19.8
65.2
47.4
135.3
77.4
343.6
23.5
95.1
95.0
118.0
23.3
53.6

Aug.
1990

134.5
20.8
47.7
11.2
18.0
59.9
42.6
129.3
70.3
336.1
22.2
95.0
90.4
113.8
22.8
51.4

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

134.9
21.1
47.4
11.2
18.6
59.7
42.5
128.8
69.5

334.
22.
94.4
89.3
114.7
23.0
51.7

2,045.8 2,032.3 1,974.7 1,984.7 1,974.1 1,270.5 1,258.9 1,212.7 1,227.3 1,221.1
836.4
799.0 812.0 807.5 655.3
850.4
606.0 620.
617.5
642.1
335.7 305.7
246.2 219.9 227.4
255.0
313.1
344.5
41.4
32.4
42.2
41.9
32.9
32.6
32.8
42.3
329.1 326.2 316.6 325.0
403.2 410.5
413.8 410.5
22.8
23.4
28.0
28.2
28.9
29.7
21.8
22.0
717.8
704.3
703.7
717.7
346.8 346.2 339.3 341.0
376.2 374.0
386.3
387.5
170.5 167.8 162.6 160.6
155.7
155.9
153.9
155.7
79.6
77.2
78.0
77.7
99.5 100.8
175.8 173.6 174.4
174.5
98.6 100.4
189.3
189.7
191.8
190.9
142.2 143.8 143.7 144.0
96.7
97.9
90.6
132.1
126.8
88.3
133.1
124.9
46.1
53.2
65.0
47.0
53.9
56.2
57.6
66.0
34.7
26.0
35.0
34.8
34.5
25.8
26.1
25.8
191.8 187.2 185.1
60.4
60.4
192.6
57.0
57.0
136.0 135.3 134.1
136.5
37.6
39.1
39.1
37.2
45.7
46.7
31.0
46.8
46.9
30.0
30.9
30.8
14.0
18.1
18.6
17.7
17.4
14.0
14.6
13.6

1,022.9 1,020.5
296.6 294.4

993.2
279.2

989.2
276.9
317.7
47.5
65.5
93.6
244.0
102.0

329.8
50.7
65.4
100.1
240.2

329.8
50.5
65.7

319.0
47.8

99.3
239.7

94.6
243.6

99.0

101.7

90.3
39.8
104.9

98.8
90.1

39.6
105.4

11.6

11.6

39.0
101.3
11.1

92.8
38.5
100.9
11.2

393.3
55.2
40.2
12.5

394.6
56.4
41.3
12.3
107.0
48.5
58.5
35.4
39.3
25.4
144.2
58.1

387.7
53.6
38.9
11.8
105.1
45.4
59.7
34.3
38.8
25.5
144.1
57.6

390.4
54.3
39.6
11.9
106.6
47.0
59.6
34.1
39.0
25.7
144.5
57.3

106.7
48.1
58.6
35.6
38.7
25.1
144.6
57.7

65.9

92.5

987.8

391.0

508.5
99.6
186.1
34.0
35.1
50.4
139.9
57.2
56.5
27.7
46.7
8.5

507.8
99.4
186.0
34.0
35.4
50.0
139.8
57.0
56.5
27.7
46.4
8.5

490.9
91.1
177.8
32.5
34.0
47.9
142.9
59.3
58.0
26.8
43.8
8.5

490.4
90.3
177.4
32.3
34.3
47.5

287.5
39.2
28.4
10.3
77.8
34.3
43.5
24.7
31.1
20.2

288.9
40.2
29.3
10.1
78.3
34.8
43.5
24.7
31.3
20.3
104.3
40.3

281.9
37.9
27.3
9.7
76.9
32.5
44.4
24.0
29.0
18.8
104.4
40.5

284.5
38.4
27.8
9.7
79.0
34.4
44.6
23.7
29.0
18.8
104.7
40.3

104.4
39.9

490.6

144.0
60.0
58.5
26.5
43.5
8.7
284.7

See footnotes at end of table.




47

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

Production workers

All employees
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990 p

Oct.
1990p

8,092 8,057 8,048 8,038 7,990 5,724 5,692 5,657 5,649 5,606
1,733.7 1,697.0 1,730.7 1,734.2 1,701.3 1,260.3 1,229.8 1,263.3 1,266.0 1,236.1
_
352.7 354.6 358.7 360.4
415.3 AM A
421.3 422.1
_
119.3
117.6
140.8
117.2 118.1
139.6
140.8
139.6
_
62.8
84.7
84.8
85.3
86.1
64.2
64.7
62.6
_
172.7
195.6 196.0
191.9
190.9
176.4 176.9
173.9
_
93.9
94.9
153.7
96.0
155.8 156.8
157.3
96.6
_
42.4
42.4
41.4
32.8
42.3
31.9
32.7
32.8
_
73.9
37.6
74.3
74.6
75.0
36.9
37.1
37.3
_
269.0 227.7 271.8 270.4
271.2 313.8 313.5
315.1
_
20.9
19.8
19.4
25.7
20.0
24.7
25.8
26.5
_
123.2
86.2 126.2 125.0
139.0
140.1
139.0 100.3
_
53.6
54.7
54.1
61.3
55.7
61.5
60.1
61.7
_
90.4
88.3
127.7 127.7 129.7
126.5
88.7
89.2
_
14.8
14.2
14.6
23.1
14.4
22.5
21.6
21.4
_
_.
27.6
44.5
44.0
27.9
43.9
43.6
27.6
28.0
_
134.7 135.3
_.
215.5 215.6 209.2 211.7
133.7
131.9
87.7
89.5
89.3
151.7 152.2
156.3
156.6
87.6
58.9
106.9
6.7
5.3
10.3
53.8
30.3
193.8
41.2
107.2
173.0

59.3
118.8
7.9
4.7
15.8
59.5
31.1
188.3
40.4
105.4
171.1

57.5
105.9
5.6
5.4
7.7
55.9
29.4
188.6
40.5
106.8
178.0

59.5
111.9
5.9
5.4
10.8
58.0
29.8
188.3
40.4
105.3
173.5

_.
-.
_.
_.
_.
_.
_.
_.
-.
-

45.4
85.0
4.8
4.0
8.7
45.4
22.1
83.0
25.4
35.0
129.5

45.8
96.5
5.9
3.5
14.1
50.8
22.7
80.2
24.8
34.1
128.7

44.3
83.0
4.1
4.1
6.1
46.2
20.8
79.0
24.2
35.2
132.8

46.0
89.0
4.3
4.0
9.1
48.5
20.9
79.1
23.9
34.0
128.2

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

49.9
34.2

50.3
34.0

47.7
34.3

49.0
34.1

48.6
-

37.9
25.4

38.4
25.3

35.1
25.3

36.6
25.2

36.1
-

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

724.0
95.4
84.4
19.0
25.0
217.0
32.5
40.5
67.3
29.2
28.1
61.7
25.3
23.6
63.9
105.6
83.9
15.1
52.0

724.0
95.6
84.1
18.8
25.1
216.1
32.5
40.3
67.2
29.1
27.8
62.1
25.8
23.6
64.1
105.7
83.9
15.2
52.4

703.2
90.2
81.7
18.0
24.0
209.2
32.9
38.8
64.7
26.8
27.1
60.7
25.5
23.1
65.9
102.2
81.3
14.6
51.3

700.2
89.6
81.8
17.9
24.3
206.9
32.2
38.1
64.0
26.5
27.0
60.7
25.5
23.1
66.1
101.7
81.3
14.2
51.2

694.1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

625.1
85.9
74.6
15.3
21.3
190.3
29.0
36.7
59.6
24.6
24.5
50.3
20.5
18.8
51.9
95.0
75.7
13.4
40.5

624.5
86.3
74.3
15.1
21.3
189.3
29.0
36.6
59.4
24.5
24.2
50.4
20.7
18.9
52.1
95.0
75.6
13.5
40.7

604.1
80.5
71.6
14.6
20.4
182.8
29.3
34.6
56.8
22.8
23.8
49.2
20.4
18.6
54.1
91.6
73.1
12.9
39.3

601.2
79.8
71.6
14.5
20.6
180.7
28.8
33.9
56.0
22.6
23.7
49.4
20.5
18.6
54.6
90.8
72.8
12.5
39.2

594.6
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339

1,074.7 1,073.8 1,025.8 1,029.7 1,027.2
48.6
48.9
52.5
52.9
_
286.7 286.6 265.8 266.6
_
68.0
68.5
61.0
62.2
_
88.3
88.4
82.4
80.5
_
46.6
44.3
46.5
44.6
_
339.6 336.5 328.2 330.2
39.5
39.6
_
42.1
42.7
_
72.2
71.8
73.3
74.5
42.3
42.0
_
39.0
39.9
182.1
182.5
176.2
174.8
-

906.5
45.0
247.9
58.4
77.5
40.7
284.3
35.4
61.5
33.3
154.1

906.1
44.5
248.1
58.1
77.7
40.7
281.6
34.8
60.6
32.6
153.6

859.4
41.3
227.5
52.7
69.5
38.6
275.3
32.5
59.3
35.3
148.2

862.9
41.0
228.4
51.6
71.4
38.3
276.7
32.4
59.4
35.6
149.3

861.4
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.

48




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girl's and children's outerwear
Girl's and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

1987
SIC
Code

234
2341
2342
236

2361
238
239
2391

2392
2396

Production workers1

All employees
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

65.9
52.6
13.3
58.6
22.5
46.0
207.1
25.4
55.9
47.7

65.5
52.0
13.5
59.9
22.9
46.4
208.4
25.8
57.6
46.6

61.0
48.9
12.1
56.6
22.2
43.9
203.2
24.4
54.7
48.0

61.5
49.2
12.3
56.1
22.1
43.6
204.7
24.4
55.2
48.8

698.1

697.6
176.7

706.0
180.3
52.2
210.5

701.2

177.5
51.9
210.4
117.9

Oct.
1990p

Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

26
262
263
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

1,558.9 1,563.9 1,577.7 1,572.2 1,576.8
471.0 472.7 478.8 478.4
131.1
129.4
131.3
128.7
115.9
119.2
117.4
116.7
84.3
82.8
82.1
82.9
34.9
33.8
33.9
34.5
82.5
82.2
82.2
82.0
545.5 549.3 550.4 548.4
359.7 361.6 365.7 363.7
172.0 169.5 169.2
170.1
48.4
49.6
48.2
49.8
75.7
75.7
74.7
76.0
64.0
64.0
63.9
64.0

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281

1,076.2 1,074.0 1,094.1 1,089.8 1,085.6
132.8
132.8
136.0
134.5
89.6
91.2
89.6
90.3
185.5
184.5
183.7
184.3
89.3
89.0
88.1
89.0

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

2819
282

2821
2824
283
2834
284

2841
2842,3

14.5
51.2
241.7
43.6
33.5
26.9

51.3
211.2
118.5

14.4
51.3
241.9
43.9
33.6
27.0

66.3
233.4

66.6
233.2

194.1
161.2
43.0
43.3

194.0
158.5
43.3
43.5
71.7
62.8
150.6
28.9
117.2
51.9
99.7

74.9

2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

63.1
150.1
28.5
117.1
51.8

29
291
295

159.4
118.3
29.3

99.5

159.1
118.3

29.0

118.3
15.0
50.9
245.6
45.0
34.5
26.5

66.0
240.6
199.4
161.1
44.0
45.2
71.9
64.3
153.7
29.4
120.0
52.6

698.7

177.7
51.3
210.4
118.0
15.1
51.1
244.6
44.6
34.4
26.7

199.2
161.3
43.8
45.2
72.3
63.6

153.2
29.4

100.3
164.4
121.7
30.5

120.3
30.3

162.8

162.2

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

54.6
45.4
9.2
49.1
19.6
38.1
173.0
21.2
47.1
40.0

54.3
45.0
9.3
50.4
19.9
38.6
173.9
21.5
48.8
38.6

49.8
41.8
8.0
47.4
19.3
36.0
167.1
20.1
45.5
39.2

50.3
42.0
8.3
47.1
19.2
35.7
168.5
20.1
45.9
40.2

523.1
134.4
39.9

523.3
133.4
39.2
163.5
89.1
12.0
41.3
174.3
20.2
25.5
21.0

530.4
136.3
40.0

527.0
134.2
39.4

162.3
88.6
12.6
40.8
178.2
22.0
25.9
20.5

162.6
88.6
12.7
41.0

863.7
165.1
46.7

873.9

59.5
32.8
26.7
40.1
399.2
262.0

63.9
35.6
28.3

162.7
88.6
12.1
41.1
173.1
19.6
25.4
20.8

65.5
240.4

119.6
52.7
100.4

Sept.
1989

861.2
164.2
46.0
61.2
34.2
27.0
40.1

396.3
260.4
123.4
34.0
58.9
47.4

124.7

605.8
69.5
47.8

603.1
69.5
47.6

120.2
52.3
47.4
102.5
85.6
102.1
27.1
24.0
51.0
31.8
88.2
17.6
67.5
32.0
59.5
105.0
75.4
23.0

34.1
58.4
47.4

165.8
48.4

41.8
400.4
268.6
121.7
33.5
58.6
46.6

Oct.
1990p

526.8

177.5
21.5
26.1
20.8
868.9
166.1
48.8

869.7

61.9
33.8
28.1
41.7
398.7
264.3

122.0
33.5
57.5
46.7
599.3
68.0
47.3
117.2
51.7
44.8
106.4
89.6
99.6
28.3
24.5
46.8
32.3
84.4
17.7
63.8
32.1
59.3

598.1

120.3
52.2
47.6
103.3
86.3
99.2
27.3
24.0
47.9
31.7
87.4
17.4
66.9
32.0
59.7

602.8
68.3
47.5
119.0
52.4
45.6
107.0
90.2
99.4
28.5
24.4
46.5
32.8
85.2
17.8
64.5
32.2
58.9

104.7
75.4
22.7

108.2
77.6
23.6

106.9
76.4
23.4

106.6

See footnotes at end of table.




49

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
UUUc

Production workers

All employees
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

Nondurable goods—Continued
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting ..
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

880.1
84.2
11.4
58.3
25.5
108.0
618.2

880.9
83.7
11.5
58.4
25.6
107.6
619.7

871.6
85.4
11.0
58.2
24.7
104.3
612.7

872.4
86.2
11.0
57.7
24.2
104.4
613.1

871.4
_
_
_
-

685.2
63.5
9.4
42.5
19.0
81.6
488.2

685.2
62.9
9.5
42.7
19.1
81.4
488.7

674.8
62.5
8.9
42.0
18.3
78.6
482.8

676.7
63.4
8.9
41.9
18.0
78.8
483.7

675.7
_

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods....

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

136.7
14.9
75.8
32.7
27.4
11.3
16.9

136.4
15.1
75.2
32.6
27.1
11.4
16.8

127.1
14.3
71.5
30.8
26.5
10.6
13.5

126.3
14.3
71.1
30.5
26.2
10.3
13.6

124.0
_
_
_
_
_
-

113.5
12.4
64.8
26.8
24.4
8.3
13.5

113.2
12.6
64.2
26.8
24.0
8.3
13.5

104.6
11.8
60.5
24.9
23.1
7.4
10.8

103.4
11.8
59.9
24.8
22.4
7.1
10.8

101.2
_
_
_

5,700

5,720

5,851

5,914

5,928

4,746

4,768

4,853

4,915

4,931

3,525

3,549

3,616

3,693

3,707

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

313.9
115.6
_
26.3
-

320.6
116.3
_
26.1
-

251.4
123.9
_
15.9
-

329.4
125.0
_
15.9
-

_
_
_
_
-

1,431.6 1,437.8 1,462.1 1,467.3
1,329.8 1,329.7 1,361.1 1,362.0
97.8
104.9
98.7
102.1

_
-

_
100.9

_
_
-

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Class I railroads2

40
4011

296.0
252.2

295.0
250.5

286.9
243.4

285.3
242.1

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity and rural bus transportation
School buses

41
411
412
413
415

343.2
129.9
33.0
29.1
121.8

350.5
130.5
33.3
29.4
127.4

278.7
136.4
32.3
18.1
62.5

359.0
137.7
32.8
18.2
139.0

_
_
-

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

1,638.1 1,644.1 1,678.4 1,683.6
1,515.7 1,515.7 1,556.1 1,556.3
124.7
123.6
118.8
118.6

_
_
-

Water transportation
Water transportation of freight, nee
Water transportation services

44
444
449

Transportation by air
Air transportation, scheduled
Airports, flying fields, and services

45
451
458

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

Transportation services
Freight transportation arrangement
Communications and public utilities
Communications
Telephone communications
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting stations
Television broadcasting stations
Cable and other pay television services .
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

47
473

48
481
483
4832
4833
484
49
491
492
493
495

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Automobiles and other motor vehicles ...
Motor vehicle supplies and new parts ....
See footnotes at end of table.

50




50
501
5012
5013

178.9
14.4
115.9

175.5
14.1
114.0

178.9
13.8
112.0

_

_
99.1

_

-

_
-

176.7
13.8
111.9

_
-

_
_
103.5

101.6

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

_
-

711.7
587.5
97.0

723.8
599.8
96.9

809.4
672.0
105.9

806.3
669.8
106.1

_
-

19.1

19.1

20.5

19.8

-

13.8

13.7

15.0

14.5

-

362.4
133.4

_

_
1C3.6

_
107.9

_
108.4

_

-

_
102.4

2,221
_
_
_
_
-

_
924.7
607.2
192.9
_
_
100.6

_
926.6
608.5
192.4
_
_
102.0

_
953.1
631.6
193.9
_
106.4

_
948.5
627.2
193.7
_
_
106.4

_
_
_
_
_
_
-

338.4
127.7

340.7
128.9

362.8
133.0

2,171
2,221
2,175
2,235
1,237.3 1,237.1 1,278.9 1,275.8
845.6
847.2
878.7
881.5
233.4
234.7 234.4
233.2
120.7
121.0
120.6
121.3
113.4
112.5
112.8
113.4
127.9
120.8
119.2
127.9

-

937.3
442.1
164.9
192.5
108.6

934.0
441.7
164.8
191.8
106.6

956.1
447.2
170.4
195.6
112.6

945.5
441.9
167.6
193.6
112.5

_
_
_
_
-

741.1
338.2
129.4
156.4
94.4

738.5
338.4
129.2
155.1
93.1

759.6
346.7
133.8
158.2
97.1

747.8
341.4
130.8
155.5
96.9

_
_
_
-

6,315

6,333

6,409

6,379

6,374

5,086

5,099

5,153

5,121

5,118

3,738
452.9
122.5
261.2

3,746
452.1
121.8
261.2

3,785
453.3
120.8
262.0

3,760
449.7
120.6
260.0

3,754
_
-

2,987
366.2
_
-

2,993
365.6
_
-

3,013
366.1
_
-

2,986
362.8
_
-

_
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Professional and commercial equipment
Computers, peripherals and software
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, television and radio sets
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Construction and mining machinery
Farm and garden machinery
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wine and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
Farm supplies

1987
SIC
Code

Production workers

Al employees
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

502
5021
5023
503
5031
5039
504
5045
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5082
5083
5084
5085
509
5093

155.6
71.8
83.8
238.7
122.4
49.3
788.7
311.8
145.0
525.7
202.5
69.3
253.9
287.6
98.1
120.4
836.6
86.5
118.0
356.0
148.5
307.6
112.9

156.3
72.2
84.1
239.9
123.2
49.8
791.2
312.5
144.6
527.7
203.3
69.4
255.0
286.7
97.6
119.9
839.1
86.6
118.2
357.3
149.1
308.1
112.8

152.6
69.2
83.4
246.6
127.3
50.7
788.6
302.2
142.4
542.3
210.8
68.9
262.6
285.8
97.2
118.5
867.9
88.4
123.9
366.6
154.4
305.7
114.5

152.0
68.7
83.3
243.7
125.3
50.5
785.2
301.4
141.8
540.4
209.8
69.4
261.2
283.0
96.3
117.8
861.8
87.2
122.7
365.1
153.4
302.2
113.1

51
511
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191

2,577
229.5
186.0
210.7
848.1
270.2
63.4
103.6
128.9
212.4
93.1
119.3
150.4
96.5
53.9
478.5
158.2

2,587
231.1
186.9
212.2
845.5
270.7
62.9
101.4
127.7
212.5
92.9
119.6
150.4
95.7
54.7
484.1
160.4

2,624
233.5
189.6
217.9
862.1
276.2
63.6
108.0
131.1
214.2
95.7
118.5
157.2
101.1
56.1
493.2
166.0

2,619
231.4
188.5
218.0
862.9
277.5
62.9
110.1
130.3
213.5
95.3
118.2
155.2
99.4
55.8
493.3
165.9

19,688 19,965

19,872

810.2
452.1
171.6

790.3
439.5
168.7

Retail trade

19,681

Oct.
1990p

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

Sept.
1989

125.9
_
195.5
639.5
115.0
398.6
_
_

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

126.4
_
196.2
640.6
114.7
400.2
_
_
232.6
668.4
_
_
_
_
248.6
-

123.4
_
_
201.2
635.7
113.0
408.8
_
_
230.5
690.9
_
_

2,140
187.9
159.3
172.5
726.7
_
_
93.5
170.0
_
_
129.5
_
_
398.9
-

-

233.4
666.0
_
_
_
247.1
-

2,620
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

2,099
184.4
155.7
164.8
715.8
_
_
_
91.5
167.1
_

_
_
_
_
-

123.3
_
_
386.6
-

2,106
185.2
156.7
165.8
713.1
_
_
_
91.0
167.1
_
_
122.7
_
_
390.8
-

19,804 17,440

17,451

243.6
-

Sept.
1990p

122.3
_
198.4
632.4
112.3
405.6
_
_
228.1
683.9
_
_
240.3
2,135
186.2
158.5
172.4
726.2
_
_
92.6
169.7

127.5
_
_
398.7
-

Oct.
1990p

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

17,696 17,596 17,527
653.8
369.5
138.8

_
_
-

53
531
533
539

2,484.8 2,535.6 2,438.0 2,434.2 2,478.4 2,320.7 2,373.2 2,283.4 2,279.4
2,057.2 2,099.7 2,020.7 2,023.3
1,934.5 1,978.5 1,907.9 1,910.5
217.4
220.2 209.5
205.5
199.8 202.8
191.8
187.8
207.8 205.4
210.2 215.7
186.4
181.1
183.7
191.9
-

_
_
_
-

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat and fish markets
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
542
545
546

3,204.2 3,236.9 3,304.7 3,292.5 3,304.1 2,947.8 2,978.9 3,041.0 3,027.4
2,629.7 2,654.8 2,713.5 2,699.2
2,843.2 2,869.1 2,931.5 2,918.6
_
_
_
_
_
55.3
55.3
55.4
55.1
_
_
_
_
_
26.1
28.0
28.6
25.5
174.1
177.8
177.3
179.2
156.2
159.6
158.4
158.9
-

_
_
-

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

55
551
553
554
559

2,124.1 2,123.6 2,160.8 2,152.4 2,137.0 1,775.6 1,773.3 1,802.7 1,792.8
_
959.0 963.6
959.0 959.2
798.7 797.8 796.9 800.3
_
352.7 365.5 364.0
351.2
282.9 283.6 293.6 291.9
_
643.7 643.5 650.1 642.8
557.7 562.7 555.4
557.5
11.5
15.2
11.7
15.1
9.6
12.4
12.5
9.6
-

_
_
_
_
-

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores

793.2
448.0
164.4

793.3
445.5
165.7

_
_
-

659.3
379.9
135.7

659.6
377.6
137.0

673.9
381.8
141.8

See footnotes at end of table.




51

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

1987
SIC
Code

56
561
562
565
566

Production workers1

All employees
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

1,174.6 1,183.6 1,131.9 1,113.8
105.9
98.1
100.2
108.4
415.1
386.2
384.4
416.7
274.6 276.2 272.6
260.2
227.5
221.0
225.2
228.3
828.1
470.2
287.6
85.0
272.9
120.2
56.2

826.7
472.0
287.9
76.7
278.0
123.5
58.9

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

984.7
84.5
345.8
237.2
188.8

994.7
86.7
348.1
239.4
189.7

946.2
80.2
318.9
235.0
186.0

929.6
78.3
320.3
224.5
182.0

679.1
382.4

686.0
386.4

676.2
384.3

671.5
380.3

70.6
226.1
101.4
48.0

70.8
228.8
102.8
48.6

63.1
228.8
103.8
49.5

62.5
228.7
103.6
49.5

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores

57
571
5712
572
573
5731
5735

Eating and drinking places

58

6,619.2 6,481.4 6,805.2 6,768.3 6,619.4 6,015.2 5,883.5 6,188.9 6,144.8

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods
Nonstore retailers
Catalog and mail-order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
592
594
5941
5942
5943
5944
5947
5949
596
5961
5962
598
599

2,453.2 2,498.8 2,487.3 2,498.7
614.4 614.6
605.6
613.7
123.1
123.7
121.8
122.4
888.9
882.3
867.1
888.4
167.5
166.8
160.3
163.9
100.9
92.7
92.0
90.3
82.4
82.7
81.3
81.2
154.4
156.8
154.0
153.7
185.4
188.0
185.4
190.8
64.0
62.6
61.9
63.3
268.9
285.0
290.6 267.1
138.0
134.4
146.8
152.4
82.4
86.2
82.5
86.0
111.0
109.9
111.3
112.4
417.7 420.9
399.7
406.7

Finance, insurance, and real estate3
Finance

835.2
474.7
288.6
84.6
275.9
122.1
56.9

821.3
467.4
285.6
76.3
277.6
123.0
58.8

6,737

6,935

6,862

6,834

3,311

3,306

3,372

3,343

3,334

2,292.6 2,288.6 2,323.7 2,299.8
1,557.3 1,552.8 1,575.5 1,558.4
666.0 677.7 669.1
667.4
484.0
471.1 464.0
485.6
241.4
237.7 234.2
242.6
229.8
242.6
233.4
243.0
136.4
131.8
136.9
131.3

60
602
6022
603
6035
6036
606

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers

61
614
615
616

365.3
129.2
78.1
148.3

364.5
128.8
78.5
147.5

375.4
131.2
82.8
152.1

373.4
131.5
82.4
150.4

Security and commodity brokers
Security brokers and dealers
Commodity contracts brokers, dealers, and
exchanges
Security and commodity services

62
621

426.9
329.6

425.3
328.0

428.1
323.1

424.8
320.6

25.7
71.6

25.7
71.6

25.8
79.2

25.4
78.8

Holding and other investment offices

67

226.0

227.4

244.6

245.4

63,64

2,105

2,104

2,157

2,144

Insurance

622,3
628

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
Title insurance

63

Insurance agents, brokers, and service

64

See footnotes at end of table.

52




631
632
633
636

2,057.6 2,101.6 2,084.1 2,096.2
517.5
517.9
520.2
512.3

6,764

Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
Savings institutions
Federal savings institutions
Savings institutions, except federal
Credit unions

1,451.3 1,450.3 1,491.4 1,482.3
562.1
556.1
558.7
554.6
248.1
231.4
232.0
247.6
561.4
548.9
548.3
557.8
66.3
62.7
63.2
64.9
653.8

654.1

665.8

662.0

Oct.
1990p

723.4

743.7

734.4

742.2

253.4

259.0

235.7

237.6

91.0
326.3

93.5
332.1

92.1
344.0

92.0
346.7

4,907

4,884

5,053

4,984

1,663.0 1,659.0 1,690.9 1,667.7
1,106.8 1,102.7 1,124.0 1,107.7

105.0

105.7

110.1

109.2

262.8
97.6

262.5
97.0

272.7
98.2

271.1
98.3

47.8

47.2

49.9

49.6

966.8 1,003.4
343.6
336.6
201.1
187.4
354.0 365.8

998.3
340.8
200.5
365.7

2,150
966.9
337.1
185.9
355.4

4,956

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1987
SIC
OOUc

Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdivides and developers

65
651
653
655

Production workers

All employees
Sept.
1989

1,348
563.9
586.5
166.4

Oct.
1989

1,327
555.4
576.8
163.0

Aug.
1990

1,406
605.4
595.9
171.7

Sept.
1990 p

1,375
595.4
580.2
166.0

Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

_
_

_
_

_

_
_

_
_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

70
701

1,646.7 1,593.2 1,754.9 1,665.7
1,596.6 1,547.9 1,649.2 1,609.6

_

Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
Miscellaneous personal services

72
721
722
723
726

1,061.9 1,068.8 1,069.3 1,072.7
421.2 428.7 427.2
419.3
74.4
69.9
69.6
72.8
369.0
367.6
373.6 374.8
85.4
81.2
85.6
81.1
98.4
99.8
88.7
88.1

_

729
73
731

7311
732
733
734
736
7361
7363
737
7372
7374
738

7381
7384

_

_

_
374.7
_
329.5

_
-

_

_

_

381.2

379.3

_

_

334.7
_
76.1

335.9

5,036.0 5,026.7 5,107.7 5,123.2 5,110.9 4,439.4 4,427.7 4,482,7 4,495.7
_
240.1
177.1
237.6 240.3
237.7
176.5
171.9
171.3
_
_
_
_
172.8
173.0
172.5
172.9
_
_
_
_
103.4
103.4
106.2
105.3
_
_
_
_
_
235.0
231.1
256.7
255.7
_
802.3
799.7
792.7
799.0
728.0
731.2
724.8
718.0
_
_
_
_
_
1,483.5 1,457.2 1,453.8 1,468.6
_
_
_
_
_
235.8
238.1
236.1
239.1
_
1,245.4 1,221.4 1,217.7 1,229.5
1,209.7 1,185.9 1,178.6 1,190.8
_
764.0
755.3
807.9
808.2
585.9
593.1 630.4 631.0
_
_
_
_
_
104.3
102.6
117.4
116.7
205.8 206.3
203.9
207.3
-

_
_
_
_
_

_

_

1,212.1 1,219.2 1,222.9 1,231.1
446.7
449.5
450.1
455.8
87.6
85.8
86.1
81.3
935.8
197.5
538.5

935.1
198.3
537.5

Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops

76

379.9
121.3

382.6
121.4

391.2
133.2

392.0
133.0

377.0
141.7
109.5

378.9
144.5
105.2

417.8
162.1
120.6

393.5
155.5
107.0

Amusement and recreation services
Misc. amusement and recreation services

79
799

1,100.2 1,010.3 1,244.7 1,136.8
762.4
665.4 895.2
789.6

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Home health care services

80
801
802
805

7,646.7
1,309.6
507.7
1,385.0
955.6
232.9
3,510.1
3,244.0
98.9
167.2
165.2
254.0

807
808

_

-

895.8
181.0
515.1

8051
8059
806
8062
8063
8069

_

_

896.4
180.7
516.8

78
781
783

_

1,419.8 1,376.2 1,466.8 1,428.5

76.1

75
751
753

762

-

_
_
_
_

Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Automotive repair shops

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters

Aug.
1990

1,350

Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels and motels

Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Photofinishing laboratories

Oct.
1989

27,400 27,486 28,529 28,464 28,586 23,945 24,030 24,894 24,827 24,934

Services

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Prepackaged software
Data processing and preparation

Sept.
1989

7,685.3
1,318.5
508.7
1,388.8
958.5
233.0
3,522.7
3,255.6
99.4
167.7
167.2
258.4

8,215.9
1,435.1
528.0
1,475.3
1,016.8
248.5
3,716.8
3,437.6
100.7
178.5
181.8
309.0

372.8
_
_
_

327.8

-

84.4

_
-

_
-

1,073.1 1,080.5 1,083.0 1,089.3
418.9 421.7 422.4 427.6
-

_
_

741.0

-

423.8
312.7

_
_
_

84.5

-

318.0
116.6
-

-

_
-

_

422.8

442.0

440.6

-

315.3

321.7

321.7

_

-

316.6
116.6
-

773.8

-

355.8
134.2
-

771.8

-

-

330.6
127.3

_
_

-

-

997.8
694.5

8,233.9 8,286.1 6,795.9 6,829.4 7,303.7
1,440.8
1,080.1 1,087.0 1,186.1
526.8
444.1 445.0
462.7
_
1,477.5
1,252.2 1,254.8 1,332.5
_
_
_
_
1,018.1
_
_
_
_
249.3
_
3,723.4
3,211.2 3,222.4 3,403.8
_
_
_
_
3,444.3
_
_
_
_
100.6
_
_
_
_
178.5
_
_
_
_
182.0
313.2
234.2 238.4 285.1
-

7,318.7
1,189.4
461.5
1,333.6

973.3
673.7

-

_

741.4

888.3 1,098.7
584.2
794.9

-

_

_
_

_

-

-

_
_
_

_
_

_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

288.8

-

_
_

3,411.4

See footnotes at end of table.




53

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Legal services

1987
SIC
Code

81

Production workers1

All employees
Sept.
1989

894.0

Oct.
1989

901.0

Aug.
1990

948.2

Sept.
1990p

82
821
822
824

1,648.2 1,802.9 1,462.2 1,672.3
446.5 462.0 413.1 453.1
997.6 1,130.6 839.0 1,012.5
96.0
91.3
98.9
88.5

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Residential care

83
832
833
836

1,723.4 1,750.3 1,816.3 1,847.5
431.3 436.9 460.3 454.1
237.0 238.1 258.0 236.6
433.2 436.9 485.8 484.5

Museums and botanical and zoological gardens

84

Membership organizations
Business associations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations

86
861
863
864

1,804.1 1,809.1 1,875.9 1,830.3
101.2
101.1 103.3 101.7
133.7
133.9 133.2 137.1
399.0 405.3 449.7 406.1

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations

87
871
872
873
8731
8733
874

2,383.4 2,388.9 2,456.6 2,424.0
780.2
779.2
809.9 793.2
517.7
524.5
526.2 522.0
527.7
529.3
552.1 540.5
222.1
223.2
229.6 227.5
143.5
141.9
150.7 145.0
557.8
555.9
568.4 568.3

Services, nee

89

4

2,978
4

Federal Government, by industry
Manufacturing activities
Ship building and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

783.3

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

764.5

65.1

1,824.6 1,830.4 1,873.2 1,840.0
641.9 640.1
666.0 650.4
388.1 394.3
390.9 385.6
391.1
389.9
400.7 390.9

38.8

2,969

3,060

2,995

975.0
822.7

975.9
821.2

404.7

404.9

415.6

413.1

31.1

32.5

31.0

30.7

2,975

21.7

21.6

23.1

3731

112.2
69.6

112.2
69.7

108.1
66.5

107.1
65.9

806

37.7
397.3
226.3

37.8
394.7
226.0

38.6
396.3
228.9

39.3
395.0
228.3

952.9
820.7
1,120.6 1,112.6 1,225.4
37.6
37.6
38.2

State government
806
Hospitals
82
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
,
806
Hospitals
82
Education
General administration, including executive, legislative,
and judicial functions

4,301 4,073 4,253
4,149
449.8 450.9 454.8 453.3
1,610.2 1,780.7 1,430.5 1,638.3

4,430

1,567.8 1,552.6 1,643.9 1,626.9
10,485 10,843 10,024 10,776 11,161
491.0
490.4 486.3
495.8
649.6
679.5
647.0
678.4
5,716.0 6,129.8 4,928.4 5,896.5
3,279.0 3,246.9 3,566.6 3,379.6

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the
nonsupervisory count for all series in this division.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to
civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and




39.2

743.4

Aug.
1990

2,918.3 2,909.7 2,999.0

Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial

54

40.4

67.5

Oct.
1989

17,612 18,113 17,157 18,024 18,566

Government
Federal Government

39.6

62.6

Sept.
1989
737.6

929.6

Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Vocational schools

63.0

Oct.
1990p

the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987 Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) system and are currently projected from
March 1989 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1989 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major Industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
July
1989

Aug.
1989

June
1990

July
1990

Aug.
1990

50,223

50,308

52,716

51,748

51,746

41,753

41,873

42,887

42,735

42,881

7,032

7,121

7,008

6,931

7,006

97

97

100

101

101

563

566

573

576

576

6,372

6,458

6,335

6,254

6,329

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

3,035
123
162
111
104
320
468
746
404
423
176

3,056
123
162
112
105
322
466
752
406
425
184

3,013
123
161
110
104
316
461
730
412
416
181

2,970
122
156
108
103
311
458
719
408
411
175

2,976
121
159
109
103
314
455
719
404
411
181

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,337
558
15
348
827
174
688
320
26
305
76

3,402
580
16
353
853
175
688
323
26
309
81

3,322
529
14
344
820
176
700
331
26
308
76

3,284
551
14
337
780
175
697
332
27
302
71

3,353
575
16
344
809
176
695
332
27
306
74

43,191

43,187

45,708

44,817

44,740

Transportation and public utilities

1,625

1,559

1,723

1,694

1,699

Wholesale trade

1,922

1,929

1,963

1,956

1,955

10,443

10,506

10,557

10,518

10,540

4,255

4,263

4,344

4,357

4,362

16,476

16,495

17,292

17,279

17,319

8,470
1,124
1,946
5,400

8,435
1,126
1,946
5,363

9,829
1,373
2,066
6,390

9,013
1,352
2,003
5,658

8,865
1,281
2,005
5,579

Industry

Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987 Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) system and are currently projected from
March 1989 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are




introduced,
revision.

unadjusted data from April 1989 forward are subject to

55

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1990
Industry
Oct.

Total.
Total private .
Goods-producing .
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products ...
Leather and leather products

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.P

108,980 109,245 109,383 109,654 109,958 110,122 110,177 110,617 110,829 110,740 110,613 110,561

Oct.

110,493

91,096

91,344

91,456

91,656

91,917

91,963

91,922

92,120

92,282

92,300

92,320

92,262

92,164

25,283

25,280

25,218

25,188

25,339

25,259

25,180

25,191

25,162

25,105

25,013

24,936

24,794

710
390

716
394

718
396

723
398

727
402

729
403

734
405

738
408

744
413

745
413

735
410

736
410

735
412

5,239
1,338

5,258
1,339

5,216
1,335

5,294
1,361

5,368
1,368

5,313
1,351

5,256
1,338

5,286
1,334

5,270
1,334

5,229
1,319

5,194
1,307

5,183
1,309

5,103
1,286

19,334

19,306

19,284

19,171

19,244

19,217

19,190

19,167

19,148

19,131

19,084

19,017

18,956

11,337
753
521
566
764
274
1,433

11,314
752

11,296
753
519
566
759
273

11,192
753
519
567
754
272

11,261
751

11,229
750

11,217

11,201
743

11,129

516
560
755
271

1,412
2,132

1,418
2,119

1,419

516
559
755
271
1,417
2,112

11,067
736
511
547
751
270
1,411

11,027

518
565
754
270

11,179
742
511
552
759

1,426

11,278
751
518
568
756
272
1,418
2,126
1,720
2,023

2,082

2,078

1,673
1,981
805
990

1,665
1,974

2,125

1,737
2,031

521
567
760
272
1,429
2,129
1,732
2,023

2,130
1,722
2,024

833

826

828

1,021
386

1,018

1,011
386

7,997

7,992

1,651
48

1,651
48

721
1,066
697

1,567
1,076
158

383

718
1,064
697
1,571

1,077
158

7,988
1,650
47
716
1,061

698
1,573

1,722
1,933
736
1,011

2,112
1,713

2,014
820

1,009
389

1,008

1,005

389

388

385

7,979

7,966
1,650
47
711

1,053
697

1,045
699

1,576

1,576

1,083
159
865

7,956
1,648
46
709
1,037
698
1,578
1,083

7,961

1,651
47
715

131

867
131

878

875

135

133

157
873
132

1,081
158
869
132

1,081

828

1,718
2,022
825

159

1,651
46
708

1,036
699
1,579
1,084
159
869

748

515
556
756
270
1,415
2,108
1,703
2,021

271

1,419
2,104

739

513
551
755
271
1,419
2,096
1,685
1,997
814

731
508
545

751
271

1,403

1,000

1,695
2,015
824
996

384

386

990
384

7,950
1,650
46
703

7,947

7,952

7,955

7,950

1,643
47
702

1,645

1,650
48

1,031
698
1,581

1,029
699
1,582
1,086
160

46
702
1,027
701
1,583

701
1,026
702

1,653
47
697
1,026
700

1,582

1,580

1,580

1,088
160

1,086
161

1,089
161

1,711

2,010
817
1,002
387

1,085
159

826

385

804
989
383

7,929
1,655
46
691
1,020
698

868
129

871

874

874

872

130

128

126

125

125

1,088
160
869
122

83,697

83,965

84,165

84,466

84,619

84,863

84,997

85,426

85,667

85,635

85,600

85,625

85,699

Transportation and public utilities .
Transportation
Communications and public utilities .

5,671
3,500
2,171

5,693
3,523
2,170

5,776
3,548
2,228

5,790
3,568
2,222

5,804
3,583
2,221

5,808
3,589
2,219

5,809
3,588
2,221

5,833
3,613
2,220

5,846
3,627
2,219

5,841
3,625
2,216

5,846
3,631
2,215

5,868
3,649
2,219

5,877
3,656
2,221

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods .

6,313
3,744
2,569

6,335
3,760
2,575

6,344
3,767
2,577

6,356
3,773
2,583

6,357
3,775
2,582

6,361
3,775
2,586

6,363
3,771
2,592

3,770
2.599

6,383
3,779
2,604

6,374
3,775
2,599

6,376
3,770
2,606

6,367
3,764
2,603

6,356
3,754
2,602

19,665
2,527
3,230
2,115
6.491

19,714
2,542
3,240
2,116
6,511

19,710
2,519
3,247
2,113
6,523

19,807
2,529
3,263
2,117
6,538

19,758
2,505
3,268
2,118
6,556

19,764
2,495
3,272
2,120
6,563

19,778
2,493
3,287
2,118
6,573

19,795
2,487
3,295
2.121
6.583

19,822
2,496
3,302
2,120
6,598

19,851
2,494
3,304
2,131
6,619

19,846
2,493
3,301
2,135
6,613

19,832
2,484
3,299
2,137
6,623

19,784
2,471
3,298
2,128
6,633

6,756
3,320
2,109
1,327

6,774
3,327
2,114
1,333

6,785
3,329
2,119
1,337

6,794
3,327
2,124
1,343

6,817
3,340
2,128
1,349

6,821
3,333
2.135
1,353

6,823
3,336
2,135
1,352

6,838
3,338
2,139
1,361

6,844
3,344
2,143
1,357

6,842
3,341
2,147
1,354

6,852
3,349
2,151
1,352

6,852
3,350
2,150
1,352

6,853
3,347
2,156
1,350

27,408
4,970
7,690

27,548
4,990
7,743

27,623
4,986
7,789

27.721
4,993
7,837

27,842
5,010
7,889

27,950
5,021
7,936

27,969
5,026
7,984

28094
5,048
8,040

28,225
5,060
8,096

28,287
5,051
8,132

28,387
5,052
8,191

28,407
5,062
8,234

28,500
5,050
8.294

17,884
2,986
4,202

17,901
2,982
4,212
10,707

17,927
2,977
4.206
10,744

17,998
3,000
4,225

18.041
3,005
4,239

18,497
3,346
4,262
10,889

18,547
3,338
4,296
10,913

18,293
3,045
4,305
10,943

18,299
3,007
4,318

10,797

18,255
3,151
4,252
10,852

18,440
3,164
4,298

10,773

18,159
3,089
4,249
10,821

18,329
2,992
4,330
11,007

Service-producing .

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations .
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Finance
Insurance
fleal estate

Services
Business services .
Health services
Government .
Federal
State
Local

10,696

P = preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system and are currently projected from March 1989 benchmark




10,978

10,974

levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted data
from January 1986 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1989

1990

Industry
Aug.

Total
Total private

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug

51,152 51,279 51,323 51,481 51,607 51,711 51,844 51,968 52,082 52,295 52,507 52,597 52,620
41,808 41,929 41,963 42,099 42,196 42,249 42,347 42,405 42,459 42,538 42,697 42,750 42,812
7,068

7,049

7,040

7,027

7,025

7,001

7,003

6,988

6,983

6,974

6,969

6,964

6,952

96

96

95

95

95

96

97

98

98

98

99

99

100

554

553

557

557

558

562

564

563

563

566

565

564

563

6,418

6,400

6,388

6,375

6,372

6,343

6,342

6,327

6,322

6,310

6,305

6,301

6,289

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

3,058
121
163
110
105
323
468
752
410
424
182

3,046
120
163
110
104
322
467
749
407
422
182

3,037
121
162
110
104
320
465
746
407
421
181

3,028
120
162
110
103
318
465
743
408
420
179

3,028
120
162
110
103
317
466
740
411
418
181

3,009
120
161
110
102
314
466
738
398
418
182

3,017
120
161
110
102
315
466
736
408
417
182

3,013
120
161
110
103
315
463
735
408
417
181

3,006
120
160
109
103
315
462
733
408
416
180

3,001
120
160
109
103
314
460
732
408
415
180

2,999
120
161
108
103
314
459
729
411
415
179

2,995
121
159
107
104
315
459
726
411
413
180

2,977
119
161
108
102
315
457
719
408
410
178

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,360
540
16
352
855
173
690
319

3,354
544
16
351
850
171
688
319

3,351
541
16
351
847
172
690
320

3,347
540
16
350
844
172
692
321

3,344
539
16
348
843
172
693
323

3,334
539
16
347
836
172
694
324

3,325
537
16
346
827
173
694
326

3,314
537
16
344
818
173
695
326

3,316
538
15
343
818
173
696
327

3,309
537
15
341
814
173
696
327

3,306
532
16
341
813
173
697
327

3,306
534
16
341
808
174
698
329

3,312
536
16
343
811
174
697
328

0

0

O

0

0

O

O

O

O

0

0

O

Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

Services
Government

Federal
State
Local

311
79
44,084
1,580

310
79
44,230
1,630
1,931

1,928

309
79
44,283
1,635

10,469
4,244

16,532
9,344
1,119
2,075
6,150

1,642
1,943

16,606
9,350
1,127
2,085
6,138

306

303

303

303

304

78

77

11

76

76

44,582 44,710 44,841 44,980 45,099
1,677

1,680

1,687

1,690

1,692

1,946

1,949

1,947

1,950

1,949

10,489
10,469
4,257
16,741
16,640
9,360
1,139
2,077
6,144

9,382
1,150
2,082
6,150

4,278

4,287

4,295

305
75

45,321
1,702
1,950
10,482

10,474 10,497 10,484 10,474 10,483
4,267

4,246

1
This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal
components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components
and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987 Standard Industrial




44,454

1,933

10,468
4,232

308
78

4,303

16,807 16,844 16,939 17,008 17,049
9,411
9,462 9,497 9,563 9,623
1,161
1,181
1,189
1,234 1,269
2,075 2,088 2,097 2,104 2,107
6,175 6,193 6,211
6,225 6,247

4,309
17,121
9,757
1,366
2,115
6,276

306

307

75

73

45,538 45,633
1,713

1,711

1,957

1,956

10,504 10,518
4,314

4,322

17,240 17,279
9,810 9,847
1,335
1,362
2,134 2,133
6,314 6,379

308
73

45,668
1,721
1,955
10,498
4,332
17,354
9,808
1,272
2,138
6,398

Classification (SIC) system and are currently projected from March 1989
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
seasonally adjusted data from January 1986 forward are subject to revision.

57

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally
adjusted
(In thousands)
1989

1990

Industry
Oct.

Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept."

Oct.1

73,838 74,045 74,115 74,300 74,512 74,545 74,496 74,651

74,827 74,799 74,779 74,730 74,654

17,764

17,651

17,613

17,527

17,446

17,335

537

537

528

529

531

4,107

4,066

4,031

4,014

3,941

13,023 13,007

13,010

12,968

12,903

12,863

7,395
607
406
428
572
207
1,046
1,263
1,065
1,239
622
490
279

7,340
606
404
426
570
207
1,039
1,247
1.057
1,224
614
488
279

7,315
601
401
424
571
209
1,034
1,246
1,053
1,220
614
487
278

5,573
1,187
35
602
860
527
879
597
105
678
103

5,563
1,189
35
598
859
526
875
598
105
676
102

5,548
1,190
34
592
855
526
873
600
105
673
100

17,759 17,696 17,662 17,810

17,742

507

512

514

518

521

523

4,086

4,103

4,058

4,135

4,205

4,158

13,171 13,144

13,124

13,009

13,084

13,061

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

7,541
622
415
442
581
211
1,059
1,277
1,101
1,257
639
505
282

7,519
621
414
443
578
209
1,055
1,282
1,096
1,248
632
502
280

7,506
621
412
442
576
210
1,052
1,282
1,090
1,250
635
499
282

7,400
622
412
443
572
209
1,039
1,284
1,086
1,154
543
503
285

7,488
620
411
444
575
208
1,044
1,280
1,083
1,244
634
503
284

7,479
620
411
440
573
207
1,044
1,276
1,084
1,246
632
503
282

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

5,630
1,184
36
622
898
522
867
605
103
682
111

5,625
1,183
36
619
896
522
870
605
104
679
111

5,618
1,182
35
617
894
523
873
605
103
677
109

5,609
1,185
35
615
886
524
875
604
103
673
109

5,596
1,183
35
612
879
525
876
603
104
670
109

5,582
1,183
35
609
870
524
876
601
105
670
109

Service-producing

Apr.

17,667

17,673

527

530

4,094

4,120

13,046
7,461
619
409
436
574
208
1,047
1,274
1,082
1,239
628
502
279

7,450
617
408
434
574
208
1,045
1,274
1,080
1,238
626
499
281

7,439
612
408
432
574
207
1,043
1,270
1,078
1,250
634
495
277

7,438
610
404
429
577
208
1,047
1,271
1,073
1,253
633
493
281

5,585
1,188
33
609
869
525
875
601
104
673
108

5,573
1,187
34
604
865
523
876
601
104
672
107

5,568
1,179
34
603
863
525
877
600
105
676
106

5,572
1,182
34
602
860
526
880
602
105
677
104

56,074 56,286 56,419 56,638 56,702 56,803 56,829 56,978 57,176 57,186 57,252 57,284 57,319

Transportation and public utilities

4,718

4,737

4,801

4,821

4,826

4,833

4,831

4,848

4,866

4,852

4,843

4,866

4,877

Wholesale trade

5,081

5,094

5,099

5,116

5,111

5,111

5,109

5,106

5,130

5,118

5,117

5,106

5,103

17,425 17,475 17,465 17,550

17,497

17,506 17,517

17,533

17,563

17,588

17,573

17,561

17,509

4,970

4,970

4,965

4,973

4,974

4,971

Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

4,901

4,914

4,923

.... 23,949 24,066 24,131

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.

58




4,938

4,958

4,960

4,961

24,213 24,310 24,393 24,411 24,521

24,647 24,663 24,746 24,777 24,859

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system and are currently projected from March 1989
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
seasonally adjusted data from January 1986 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
DIFFUSION INDEXES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span

Jan.

Mar.

Feb.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1

Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries
Over 1-month span:
1989

1990

64.5
55.6

58.7
58.6

58.0
53.7

57.0
49.9

55.6
55.8

57.3
49.9

55.8
50.8

65.3
58.4

64.2
56.7

60.0
54.8

60.1
53.1

59.7
53.7

58.3
55.3

59.7
50.1

67.6
57.3

65.4
56.5

65.0
55.5

61.0
55.9

61.2
51.4

58.7
P48.2

67.1
54.8

67.7
54.1

65.3
"53.4

64.6
P50.4

64.9

61.2

57.7
48.2

50.0
P44.9

54.5
44.5

57.0
46.8

60.0

55.2
44.9

59.6

56.6

55.2
P41.6

55.8

57.7

60.3

58.1

56.2

58.3

57.4

59.8

58.6

57.3

56.7

p

Over 3-month span:

1989
1990

p

Over 6-month span:

1989
1990

p

Over 12-month span:

1989
1990

Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries1
Over 1-month span:

1989
1990

60.4
42.4

48.6
45.7

50.4
45.3

47.1
46.8

45.3
45.7

45.7
40.3

45.0
48.2

45.7
40.6

34.2
P38.1

48.6
P37.8

43.5

48.2

54.0
40.3

54.7
37.1

45.3
44.2

43.9
41.4

43.2
40.6

42.8
44.2

41.7
39.9

33.1
P34.2

36.3
P29.9

34.9

41.7

39.2

56.5
37.1

49.6
35.6

49.3
36.3

43.5
43.2

42.1
38.1

36.7
29.9

34.9

34.2

35.3

33.1

36.0

53.6
31.3

55.0
31.3

49.3
30.2

45.3
P27.0

43.9

37.1

35.6

33.8

32.4

30.9

Over 3-month span:

1989
1990
Over 6-month span:
1989

1990

p

37.1
32.4

p

Over 12-month span:

1989
1990

p

1
Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and
unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus
one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent
indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing




39.9

employment. Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987 Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) system and are currently projected from March
1989 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
unadjusted data (beginning April 1989) and all seasonally adjusted data
(beginning January 1986) are subject to revision.

59

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area
Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

1,588.8
413.2
132.5
167.9
132.2
63.2

1,592.0
414.6
134.3
172.3
133.8
63.8

1,603.7
417.7
134.8
172.3
134.3
65.1

11.6
5.6
()

243.7

250.7

245.4

10.6

1,461.9
962.0
249.6

1,477.1
977.1
249.6

1,510.3
994.9
255.5

12.3
1.0
2.1

907.5
54.6
78.9
248.4
33.9

918.0
54.6
80.1
248.6
32.8

932.6
55.7
79.7
251.8
33.4

12,591.2
1.201.4
168.8
223.8
4,224.3
120.4
895.4
228.9
684.3
605.8
976.2
962.8
831.1
148.4
140.2
156.0
135.4

12,746.2
1,213.7
167.6
233.9
4,271.4
125.4
916.1
233.4
706.4
622.2
991.9
968.2
833.7
149.6
142.3
158.8
140.3

12,823.7
1,216.3
170.6
240.4
4,287.2
125.1
924.5
232.8
712.9
628.5
999.6
974.1
830.4
150.5
146.8
157,8
141.1

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,479.3
115.1
822.7

1,500.8
113.6
836.3

1,507.9
116.3
841.9

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

1,681.6
199.1
487.7
67.2
257.9
126.1
88.1

1,661.9
192.7
481.8
65.3
248.6
123.6
85.3

1,670.8
195.1
487.4
66.4
250.2
123.3
85.5

344.1
295.0

350.7
298.7

345.4
296.6

.1
.2

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

683.8
2,241.4

681.3
2,240.9

683.1
2,246.6

.1
1.1

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

5,286.7
121.5
500.3
123.9
99.9
420.3
154.5
160.6
876.2
544.2
128.5
112.4
121.9
864.2
353.2

5,396.1
121.1
509.3
130.6
100.0
421.7
154.8
163.5
887.9
555.2
128.3
113.8
121.8
875.2
356.6

5,469.8
122.6
513.4
132.9
102.0
426.9
156.5
164.5
900.8
559.0
129.2
115.1
125.8
881.1
362.9

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose ...
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

60




1

01
()

2.6

Sept.
1990P

2.4

77,4
23.2
5.0
10.6
7.0
3.7

79.0
23.0
5.3
10.7
7.2
4.4

78.2
22.8
5.2
10.4
7.1
4.3

12.0

11.6

12.9

13.5

13.3

12.9
.9
2.2

12.8
.9
2.3

87.9
58.6
15.2

85.7
57.0
14.8

85.1
56.7
14.7

4.1

34.8
1.6
2.8
10.3
1.5

35.1
1.7
2.7
10.8
1.3

34.6
1.6
2.7
10.6
1.2

V)
(1)
0

1

4.1
(1)

(1)
.9
.4

.9
.4

.9
.4
(1)

(1)

Aug.
1990

11.9
5.6
()
(1)
(1)
2.4

11.8
5.6

4.1
(1)

Sept.
1989

Sept.
1990?

Aug.
1990

(1)

42.0
1.4
13.6
.7
9.4
.1
4.2
2.4
1.4
.8
.8
.6
.2
1.4
.7
.1
.7

41.7
1.4
14.4
.7
9.9
.1
4.1
2.5
1.4
.9
.8
.6
.2
1.4
.7
.1
.7

41.4
1.3
14.3
.7
9.9
.1
4.0
2.4
1.4
.9
.8
.6
.2
1.4
.7
.1
.8

671.4
75.9
10.9
13.8
157.9
8.1
55.4
17.9
69.5
38.4
65.2
35.9
34.9
7.0
12.0
9.4
10.6

664.9
69.6
11.1
14.9
155.6
8.8
56.8
18.7
71.2
39.4
64.5
35.9
35.0
7.1
11.5
9.4
11.5

660.7
68.4
11.0
15.1
155.5
8.6
56.9
18.5
71.1
39.3
63.6
36.2
34.6
7.2
11.6
9.4
11.4

20.0

19.6
(1)
11.3

19.4
(1)
11.3

62.4
4.1
32.3

63.4
4.2
36.5

62.5
4.2
36.4

^.3

80.7
9.0
22.1
6.0
13.2
5.6
4.5

74.1
8.6
20.0
4.6
11.1
5.2
4.5

73.2
8.4
20.5
4.5
10.6
5.1
4.3

.1
.2

.1
.2

20.2
18.6

20.0
18.4

19.5
18.2

.1
1.1

.1
1.1

14.5
152.9

14.2
141.8

14.3
140.2

9.2

341.4
8.1
35.1
13.4
4.5
27.4
8.9
9.5
40.7
37.1
8.3
10.4
6.0
53.8
28.9

328.3
7.6
35.1
12.4
4.3
26.7
8.5
8.9
40.5
37.1
8.3
10.0
6.1
54.9
27.5

325.2
7.5
35.2
12.3
4.1
26.5
8.6
9.0
40.5
37.2
8.1
9.9
5.9
54.8
27.6

0)

11.8
1.4

1.3

O
(21)
(1)
(2)
()

9.3
(2)
.3

i2)

O

9.2
(2)

.7
4.0
(2)

(*)
(*)

<*>

<*>

.9

.9
(2)

(2)
.4

(2)
(2)

.7
3.7

.7
3.8

1.0
(2)

.3

.2

(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

I2)

(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)

(2)

(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)

.4

.6

.4
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

.7

.7
(2)

{*)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990*

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

385.4
57.7
33.0
26.5
18.6
10.5

381.3
56.8
33.8
27.9
18.1
10.7

382.3
57.1
33.6
111
18.1
10.7

79.9
32.3
2.9
9.9
5.3
2.1

80.8
32.4
2.8
9.7
5.2
2.2

80.4
32.2
2.8
9.7
5.2
2.2

350.4
102.1
25.1
46.3
30.5
12.9

350.2
101.9
25.6
47.1
30.8
13.0

349.9
102.3
25.6
47.3
30.8
13.1

18.3

23.7

18.1

23.3

21.0

20.7

46.6

48.9

48.1

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

188.0
139.8
27.2

188.8
139.3
27.1

188.1
139.1
27.0

76.9
53.7
9.6

80.8
56.9
9.7

80.8
57.2
9.7

364.0
244.0
58.8

372.7
250.8
58.8

376.0
253.3
59.5

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

231.5
13.5
24.8
33.7
6.5

234.6
13.6
26.3
33.4
6.3

234.8
13.7
26.0
33.6
6.3

56.2
5.0
4.3
16.5
2.8

55.4
4.9
4.4
16.0
2.7

56.1
4.9
4.3
16.1
2.7

208.3
12.4
16.8
61.0
7.4

215.2
12.5
16.4
62.0
7.4

215.9
12.6
16.4
62.1
7.5

2,174.1
259.4
10.6
27.4
889.0
29.6
116.8
31.8
89.6
45.5
136.0
81.4
272.7
22.6
22.5
26.3
13.7

2,146.5
257.0
10.8
27.0
866.8
31.7
117.9
30.4
90.1
48.7
134.2
81.2
270.1
22.3
21.8
28.7
14.1

2,139.0
257.3
10.9
28.0
865.1
30.5
117.8
30.6
90.5
47.8
134.0
81.3
267.1
22.4
22.3
26.9
14.1

610.8
35.1
8.4
12.9
214.8
4.8
60.3
11.7
33.4
27.2
36.1
77.9
22.5
5.3
6.4
9.3
4.9

613.0
36.1
8.5
12.6
216.5
5.0
62.9
11.3
33.9
27.6
36.5
79.4
22.5
5.4
6.8
9.1
5.3

614.9
36.1
8.5
12.9
217.4
5.0
63.1
11.4
34.0
27.8
36.5
79.8
22.6
5.4
6.8
8.9
5.4

2,979.0
303.5
40.4
56.7
965.4
30.0
218.6
56.8
169.0
143.3
238.3
220.1
170.4
34.5
35.4
36.6
33.3

3,034.0
310.5
39.9
60.0
980.0
30.5
225.4
58.8
174.7
146.1
242.5
218.9
169.3
34.9
37.9
36.5
35.1

3,035.3
308.1
39.8
60.3
980.4
30.6
226.0
58.9
174.8
147.5
242.6
218.6
169.2
34.9
38.2
36.8
35.4

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

194.5
30.9
95.6

196.0
30.3
97.1

195.0
30.4
95.9

93.5
2.4
67.9

93.8
2.4
68.6

93.5
2.4
68.4

360.7
24.1
201.0

372.6
24.4
205.8

371.3
25.0
204.7

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

358.0
52.9
85.2
19.3
46.1
21.1
22.7

344.6
49.6
84.6
18.1
43.4
18.8
20.5

348.4
50.0
86.6
18.7
44.3
19.0
20.6

73.3
8.8
19.1
3.2
16.2
5.8
3.4

69.8
8.7
18.7
3.4
16.3
6.0
3.3

73.1
8.9
19.2
3.8
16.4
6.0
3.4

384.9
45.3
104.3
14.0
59.5
29.9
18.2

379.4
44.0
100.1
13.8
56.3
29.9
17.0

379.8
44.3
100.4
13.8
56.0
29.7
17.3

Delaware
Wilmington

73.8
63.0

72.4
61.6

71.4
61.1

14.6
15.5

14.7
16.3

14.7
16.5

74.7
61.3

77.1
61.5

75.6
61.5

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

16.1
90.1

16.2
88.8

16.0
87.9

24.7
110.8

24.7
112.2

24.6
112.4

62.9
435.1

61.7
443.6

61.2
439.9

540.5
12.2
46.0
6.1
5.7
39.2
23.0
29.6
91.0
54.5
11.4
8.7
4.9
96.0
34.6

533.0
12.3
46.1
6.2
5.4
38.0
22.5
30.2
90.7
53.2
11.3
8.6
4.8
95.8
33.9

531.2
12.4
45.9
6.3
5.4
37.9
22.8
30.3
90.9
53.0
11.2
8.6
4.8
95.5
34.1

267.3
4.1
22.6
5.2
1.8
29.2
7.0
4.2
68.7
27.6
6.7
3.5
3.1
40.9
13.7

278.8
. 4.2
23.5
5.7
1.9
29.0
7.2
4.4
72.9
29.0
6.5
3.6
3.1
42.0
14.4

277.6
4.1
23.5
5.8
1.9
29.3
7.2
4.4
72.8
29.0
6.5
3.6
3.1
42.1
14.4

1,428.8
35.7
146.7
36.7
21.9
112.2
42.8
37.5
238.0
143.2
33.0
33.1
27.0
238.6
93.3

1,469.7
36.0
150.9
39.1
22.0
114.3
43.9
38.3
242.8
146.2
33.5
32.7
27.3
243.6
95.1

1,469.2
35.7
150.8
39.0
22.2
114.2
43.9
38.3
243.1
146.0
33.2
32.6
27.9
242.8
96.0

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana .,
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
See footnotes at end of table.




61

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

70.8
29.0
3.8
7.6
7.7
2.1

71.8
29.0
3.9
7.4
7.8
2.2

71.7
28.8
3.9
7.4
7.8
2.2

305.2
98.8
32.0
40.8
30.6
9.3

308.4
101.8
32.7
41.4
31.2
9.7

309.8
101.9
32.7
41.6
31.4
9.8

308.1
64.5
30.7
26.2
32.5
20.0

308.7
64.1
30.2
28.1
33.5
19.2

319.5
67.0
31.0
28.2
33.9
20.4

Alaska

10.6

10.9

10.8

49.8

51.6

50.7

71.6

69.1

72.1

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

93.0
74.5
11.3

95.5
76.8
11.5

95.6
77.0
11.5

388.8
261.6
71.6

406.8
273.9
74.1

409.1
275.8
74.7

251.0
128.8
53.8

233.9
121.5
51.4

262.6
134.9
56.1

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

38.6
1.6
3.0
15.6
1.2

39.1
1.6
2.9
15.7
1.2

38.8
1.5
2.9
15.7
1.2

177.0
9.1
18.3
62.2
6.9

187.6
9.5
19.0
64.5
6.9

187.2
9.6
18.3
64.1
6.9

157.0
11.4
8.0
48.7
7.6

146.9
10.8
7.5
45.8
7.0

161.1
11.8
8.2
49.2
7.6

843.4
95.9
6.5
12.2
294.4
5.1
57.5
11.5
28.8
39.4
67.8
110.2
32.8
8.6
8.0
9.6
4.9

864.5
98.5
6.8
12.8
301.2
5.4
58.8
11.3
29.9
40.5
68.3
110.4
32.6
8.7
8.2
9.5
5.2

863.2
97.8
6.8
12.8
301.6
5.4
58.6
11.3
30.1
40.4
68.0
110.2
32.4
8.7
8.2
9.5
5.2

3,295.9
312.2
35.4
52.8
1,187.0
23.8
220.4
54.9
158.2
134.3
263.6
303.5
212.6
41.9
31.8
32.6
29.7

3,411.3
323.9
35.8
58.3
1,221.7
25.2
229.6
57.2
165.9
140.5
279.0
311.5
218.1
42.4
34.8
32.9
31.8

3,421.4
323.7
35.6
59.8
1,228.4
25.5
231.4
56.9
168.3
140.9
279.2
311.5
215.7
42.6
35.1
33.2
31.5

1,974.6
118.0
43.0
47.3
506.4
18.9
162.2
41.9
134.4
176.9
168.4
133.2
85.0
27.1
23.4
32.1
37.6

1,970.3
116.7
40.3
47.6
519.7
18.7
160.6
43.2
139.3
178.5
166.1
130.3
85.9
27.4
20.6
32.6
36.6

2,047.8
123.6
43.7
50.8
528.9
19.4
166.7
42.8
142.7
183.9
174.9
135.9
88.6
27.9
23.9
33.0
37.3

95.5
4.2
63.9

97.3
4.2
64.2

96.5
4.2
64.1

381.1
26.7
221.1

402.7
28.2
231.1

396.5
27.9
229.8

271.6
22.7
129.1

255.4
19.9
121.7

273.2
22.2
131.3

150.7
12.4
74.2
3.5
16.5
14.3
4.3

153.1
12.3
75.4
3.4
17.4
14.3
4.1

151.3
12.2
74.9
3.4
17.1
14.1
4.2

428.4
50.7
116.6
14.6
75.0
38.4
22.4

439.4
51.5
118.4
15.4
73.3
39.2
23.3

438.2
51.6
119.2
15.5
74.1
38.6
23.1

204.2
20.0
66.2
6.6
31.4
11.0
12.6

200.2
18.0
64.6
6.6
30.8
10.2
12.6

205.5
19.7
66.6
6.7
31.7
10.8
12.6

30.4
27.1

31.1
27.8

30.7
27.6

83.8
72.7

87.2
75.5

86.2
74.9

46.5
36.6

48.1
37.4

47.2
36.6

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

33.4
131.5

33.3
131.7

32.8
129.9

257.3
738.7

253.9
743.5

257.1
741.9

274.8
581.2

277.2
578.2

277.0
593.3

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

373.5
5.9
41.1
9.1
4.6
40.2
9.1
6.0
72.5
33.7
5.4
8.0
5.2
65.7
29.6

377.8
5.7
41.7
9.4
4.7
41.1
9.2
5.7
72.7
33.3
5.3
8.2
5.1
65.7
29.6

375.4
5.7
41.5
9.4
4.6
41.1
9.1
5.6
72.3
33.3
5.3
8.2
5.1
65.7
29.5

1,507.3
35.2
144.4
34.8
25.3
109.0
38.2
50.8
245.2
185.5
33.5
35.5
26.0
257.6
108.1

1,606.8
35.9
148.1
37.8
25.8
113.1
39.2
52.7
250.6
198.3
34.2
38.0
26.6
266.9
112.6

1,611.9
35.9
147.9
38.1
26.0
113.1
39.2
53.1
252.9
195.1
34.2
38.4
26.6
266.7
114.0

818.6
20.3
64.1
18.5
36.0
62.4
21.5
22.9
119.1
62.4
29.8
13.2
49.4
111.0
45.0

792.5
19.4
63.7
19.9
35.9
58.8
20.5
23.2
116.8
58.0
28.8
12.7
48.5
105.6
43.5

870.1
21.3
68.3
21.9
37.8
64.1
22.0
23.7
127.4
65.3
30.3
13.8
52.1
112.8
47.3

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

62




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

State and area

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990*

2,969.0
48.0
66.8
1,466.2
171.0
93.6
125.3
108.7

3,009.2
47.7
67.5
1,491.7
172.7
93.4
125.1
110.8

3,007.4
48.2
67.2
1,491.5
172.6
92.8
125.3
109.9

Sept.
1989

Sept.
1990p

Aug.
1990

8.7

Sept.
1989

8.7

8.7

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

(2)

(2)

(2)

148.8
2.2
2.7
68.9
15.3
4.9
5.0
8.0

2

2

(2)
(2)

31.1
23.9

29.3
22.0

29.4
22.0

4.0

18.0
6.3

21.1
6.6

21.2
6.9

20.2
<1)
1
()
(1)
2.1
(1)
1
()

224.2
7.6
3.3
2.7
137.8
6.3
3.4
8.7
2.0
14.8
6.7
6.1
3.6

219.8
8.6
3.4
2.6
140.5
6.4
3.4
8.8
1.8
11.9
7.1
6.5
4.0

218.4
8.4
3.3
2.6
138.8
6.3
3.4
8.7
1.9
11.8
7.1
6.5
3.9

124.4
1.6
2.5
3.6
8.1
10.0
18.4
38.8
1.2
2.6
1.9
7.0
2.8

137.8
1.9
2.5
4.1
9.8
11.7
19.2
39.6
1.7
3.2
2.1
8.7
4.1

136.2
1.9
2.5
4.0
9.7
11.6
19.6
39.4
1.7
3.0
2.1
8.6
4.1

2.2

46.0
4.1
9.3
1.6
1.8
2.3
2.6

52.9
4,8
9.4
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.5

51.9
4.3
9.3
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.5

9.9

2.0

42.6
1.7
3.9
9.2

45.3
1.7
4.2
9.7

44.9
1.7
3.9
9.6

(2)

Hawaii
Honolulu

502.3
392.8

516.9
404.0

510.8
398.9

()
(2)

Idaho
Boise City

381.7
101.6

388.2
106.7

399.1
107.0

(1)

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

5,191.6
138.5
64.6
90.3
3,189.7
162.3
52.7
103.2
34.4
211.2
144.7
135.6
103.3

5,208.4
145.0
63.2
84.4
3,221.9
165.1
53.8
103.7
35.3
217.8
145.2
136.3
109.6

5,218.8
145.9
66.0
90.7
3,225.5
165.0
54.0
104.7
35.3
216.0
145.7
136.8
104.2

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,502.5
50.6
56.9
106.5
134.4
203.3
243.3
665.2
46.5
71.1
51.6
122.5
57.6

2,533.6
49.8
53.3
108.9
138.7
207.5
240.7
672.5
47.3
68.4
53.3
121.5
56.0

2,550.8
50.7
58.2
107.3
138.7
209.1
245.9
674.7
47.6
74.3
55.2
125.0
58.5

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

1,214.5
95.0
227.2
44.4
54.1
54.5
68.7

1,217.4
93.9
228.9
42.1
55.5
54.5
68.1

1,235.3
93.8
229.8
44.9
56.7
54.5
71.3

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

1,079.8
36.4
90.3
238.7

1,084.3
37.1
90.2
237.4

1,098.4
37.5
89.6
239.9

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,452.0
200.1
472.1
36.3

1,474.5
204.7
487.5
36.9

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,525.2
46.2
229.3
54.4
87.5
62.6
56.1
530.9
131.5

1,528.6
45.3
229.3
57.1
92.2
62.8
56.6
532.8
130.8

.1
1.3
.5
.1
.1

<*>

()
(2)
3.8

01
(1)
()
(11)
()
0

0

20.2

01
(1)
()

2.2

(1)
(1)
(1)

O
(11)
()
(11)
(1)
()

O
(1)
(11)
(1)
()
8.1

(1)
(1)
(1)

8.1
(1)

2.2

0
V)

.8
(1)
(1)

0)

2.1

.4
2.1

(1)
(1)

(1)

o

.4

V)
(1)

2.2

0)
9.4

.8

.8

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

01
(1)
(1)
()

2.1
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

V)

8.1
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)

(1)
(1)

.1
1.2
.6
.1
.2

4.0
(1)

20.2
(1)
1
()
(1)
2.1
(1)
1
()

o
(1)

(2)
.1
1.2
.6
.1
2

.4

(1)

O
(1)
(1)
01
()

148.8
2.1
2.8
69.3
15.5
4.3
5.0
7.6

144.6
2.1
2.7
68.0
15.4
4.2
4.8
7.5

1.7

10.0
(1)
1
()
2.0

1,482.4
205.5
487.2
37.2

34.4
.3
.6
.5

34.1
.2
.5
.5

34.0
.2
.5
.5

70.8
11.9
24.0
2.3

72.4
12.7
24.5
2.1

71.5
12.4
24.2
2.1

1,540.0
45.6
232.6
56.6
92.8
63.6
56.0
533.8
132.1

54.6
.2
.8
5.5
11.5
.9
.5
14.5
3.1

55.1
.1
.8
5.7
11.9
1.1
.6
14.5
3.1

55.1
.1
.8
5.5
12.0
1.1
.6
14.4
3.0

82.1
3.2
25.2
1.9
3.3
5.0
2.8
22.6
5.4

83.4
2.6
26.3
2.0
3.8
4.3
2.7
23.4
6.1

84.3
2.6
26.5
1.9
3.7
4.4
2.6
24.1
6.0

01
()

(1)
(1)

See footnotes at end of table.




63

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990^

571.0
7.4
15.6
179.4
37.9
19.0
18.9
17.2

561.4
7.8
14.8
177.5
38.4
18.9
18.9
17.7

555.8
7.8
14.8
173.6
38.3
18.8
18.9
17.7

186.0
2.9
2.0
122.9
4.5
3.2
5.2
9.4

192.6
2.9
1.8
128.8
4.7
3.1
5.3
10.3

192.1
2.9
1.8
129.2
4.6
3.0
5.3
9.6

755.5
11.8
15.0
414.3
36.8
21.6
28.3
26.5

771.2
11.7
15.5
419.2
36.9
21.3
28.6
26.8

772.6
11.8
15.6
420.1
37.0
21.2
28.5
26.5

Hawaii
Honolulu

21.0
15.7

20.8
15.4

20.5
15.2

40.9
33.2

41.6
33.8

41.8
34.0

133.0
102.2

135.2
103.4

134.1
102.8

Idaho
Boise City

64.0
15.2

64.2
16.8

65.1
16.6

19.9
5.6

19.9
6.0

20.4
5.8

97.1
26.3

101.2
28.3

101.9
28.2

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

982.1
39.9
7.7
8.0
556.6
33.2
13.9
19.0
5.6
46.5
33.7
48.0
3.9

980.4
39.1
7.7
8.0
559.2
34.0
14.3
18.9
5.5
47.5
33.2
47.5
3.8

981.1
39.1
7.7
8.1
558.9
33.8
14.3
18.9
5.5
47.4
33.5
47.7
3.8

305.6
3.4
2.7
2.2
206.2
7.1
5.0
8.7
2.0
5.9
7.1
4.7
4.9

307.0
3.6
2.6
2.3
205.9
7.4
5.2
8.6
2.0
6.1
6.8
4.6
4.7

307.3
3.5
2.6
2.3
207.5
7.3
5.2
8.8
2.0
6.1
7.0
4.6
4.7

1,271.8
34.8
14.0
19.1
774.0
46.6
11.2
23.3
8.8
58.7
35.2
30.6
23.4

1,287.3
36.6
14.2
18.8
793.1
47.3
11.5
24.4
9.3
61.1
35.1
31.1
25.2

1,285.5
36.7
14.3
18.9
791.7
47.4
11.5
24.1
9.3
60.7
35.1
31.1
23.2

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

640.4
17.2
9.4
53.5
30.8
53.6
56.9
110.1
18.7
13.1
9.4
23.3
10.6

638.6
15.9
9.3
53.0
31.7
53.3
56.9
107.1
18.8
13.3
11.5
22.4
10.8

638.4
16.7
9.2
52.2
31.1
53.5
56.4
109.6
19.1
13.2
11.9
22.7
10.9

129.5
1.4
1.7
3.4
6.9
13.7
15.3
41.1
1.6
1.8
3.0
5.1
2.8

133.5
1.3
1.8
3.8
7.1
13.1
15.0
43.3
1.6
1.8
3.2
5.1
2.8

133.4
1.3
1.8
3.8
7.0
13.0
14.8
42.9
1.6
1.8
3.3
5.1
2.7

597.2
12.0
12.3
20.2
35.3
49.1
57.9
172.7
10.8
14.9
13.1
32.5
15.6

605.4
12.0
10.9
20.6
35.4
48.9
58.7
176.9
10.1
15.1
13.2
32.7
15.1

603.2
12.0
11.7
20.0
35.3
48.5
58.2
175.5
9.9
15.3
13.2
32.7
15.3

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

236.6
24.1
25.4
12.8
4.5
10.8
15.8

233.8
21.5
26.0
11.5
4.5
10.7
16.8

235.3
21.7
26.0
12.7
4.5
10.7
17.1

56.3
5.7
12.7
1.7
1.4
3.4
1.8

55.7
5.9
12.3
1.7
1.4
3.5
2.0

55.4
5.7
12.4
1.7
1.4
3.4
2.0

310.7
22.3
59.2
10.4
10.9
14.1
16.9

319.3
22.9
59.8
10.2
11.0
13.8
17.3

318.2
22.4
59.5
10.2
11.5
13.7
17.5

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

183.9
4.6
9.1
63.7

184.8
4.7
9.7
65.0

186.0
4.7
9.3
64.9

66.3
1.0
6.9
11.4

66.6
1.1
6.7
11.2

67.8
1.1
6.7
11.0

270.1
8.1
20.1
54.0

273.2
8.2
19.7
54.3

273.5
8.4
19.6
54.5

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

281.3
33.7
84.9
6.4

285.9
33.4
89.3
6.5

284.7
33.3
87.9
6.4

77.3
9.2
30.6
2.2

77.0
9.1
30.3
2.3

76.3
9.0
30.0
2.2

349.8
44.7
120.4
9.5

356.3
44.1
122.6
10.0

357.8
44.8
124.1
10.1

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

174.9
3.4
21.2
4.9
7.5
11.4
7.4
44.3
17.8

175.8
3.5
22.0
5.2
8.5
11.4
7.7
44.1
17.8

177.0
3.4
22.1
5.3
8.5
11.3
7.8
44.5
17.9

106.1
2.3
10.5
6.3
6.2
3.8
3.1
43.4
8.4

106.0
2.4
10.5
6.6
6.2
4.1
2.8
43.4
8.4

106.4
2.4
10.5
6.6
6.4
4.3
2.7
43.5
8.4

365.4
10.6
53.8
14.2
23.9
15.0
14.3
136.6
32.6

367.9
10.3
54.3
14.6
24.4
15.0
14.3
135.8
33.1

367.6
10.2
54.4
14.4
24.7
15.2
14.2
135.6
32.8

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

See footnotes at end of table.

64



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Sept.
1989
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

164.8

165.4

164.8

2.1
2.0

2.1
2.0

2.1
2.0

106.6
5.7

107.2
5.5
' 5.8

106.5
5.5

6.0
7.3
4.9

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

8.8

8.8

11.5
374.9
35.8
18.7
24.8
26.8

641.8
8.7
11.7
376.7
35.6
18.7
24.9
26.8

511.5
12.8
18.4
208.7
35.2
20.7
35.1
16.3

521.2
12.2
18.9
213.7
35.3
21.2
34.6
16.6

527.0
12.7
18.4
216.3
35.7
21.1
35.1
16.8

622.6

7.6
5.0

5.7
7.6
5.0

11.1
364.2
35.1
18.1
25.2
26.4

640.0

Sept.
1990P

Hawaii
Honolulu

35.3
28.7

36.3
29.6

36.3
29.6

145.8
110.4

151.7
115.7

151.3
115.3

95.2
78.7

102.0
84.1

97.4
80.0

Idaho
Boise City

19.5

19.9

19.9

7.8

7.8

7.8

79.2
22.1

81.5
23.1

82.6
22.4

80.2
18.3

76.4
18.1

84.0
19.3

374.1

375.6

374.3

7.1

7.9

7.9

10.8
3.2
270.7
7.6

11.0
3.2
274.7

273.2

7.8
2.3
3.6
1.3

7.8
2.4
3.5
1.4

1,284.2
32.1
13.2
17.3
877.9
35.4
11.3
23.3

1,313.6
34.2
13.8
18.0
888.7
36.7
11.8
24.0

1,299.9
34.0
13.4
17.5
885.0
36.1
11.5
23.6

729.4
13.6
12.9
37.8
364.4
26.1

732.1
16.3
13.7
38.1
368.3
26.3
5.7
17.1

8.3

9.4

8.8

6.4

10.2

10.1

5.2
8.1

7.3
5.3
8.3

7.4
5.3
8.4

44.4
39.2
29.0
25.8

51.0
40.5
30.4
29.0

48.7
39.8
29.8
26.0

31.0
15.6
12.0
33.6

704.5
15.0
10.5
31.5
357.6
25.5
5.3
15.4
6.0
30.0
15.2
10.9
34.6

123.1

127.0

125.0

12.7
8.4
49.3

13.3

13.1

537.8
11.3
12.4
17.6
35.9
51.7
57.0
159.3
7.9
15.7
11.6
37.1
12.3

368.8

1.5
1.8
3.1
5.5

535.8
11.4
11.6
17.8
36.3
51.4
56.0
159.2
7.9
15.2
11.8
34.8
12.0

347.4

1.5
1.8
3.2
5.5

517.0
10.8
10.3
16.3
33.8
47.4
55.1
156.7
7.1
14.1
11.5
37.0
12.5

362.9

1.5
2.1
3.2
5.4

279.7
23.4
58.2
12.8

279.6
23.3
57.4
11.9

286.2
24.1
58.2
13.1

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2.3
3.4
1.3

9.9
7.2

1.4

11.0
3.2

8.6

8.5

50.4
1.5

49.8

1.7
6.3
2.1

3.1
1.7
6.4
2.1

1.4
3.1
1.7
6.3
2.1

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

69.2

71.7

70.8

4.6

4.6

4.6

32.0

33.6
1.5
1.5
2.7

33.3

2.9

3.0

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

58.4

59.9

1.5
6.6

3.1

1.5
1.4

1.5
1.5

5.6

16.8

6.1

5.8

6.0

18.6

15.3

19.0

6.2

6.5

6.5

11.9
16.7
31.3
95.6
5.7
21.6
11.1
11.4
10.8

11.0
15.8
26.3
95.3
5.7
16.7
9.8
11.4
8.7

12.1
17.7
31.5
97.5
6.1
22.2
11.4
12.6
10.7

213.9
10.8
30.4
3.6
24.6
6.5
12.9

202.2
10.9
30.4
3.2
25.4
6.8
11.3

215.3
11.0
31.1
3.7
25.8
6.7
13.4

202.3
12.1
20.8
24.8

213.6
12.2
21.2
27.2

9.5

9.5

9.8

3.0

14.9
15.8

14.7
15.2

14.9
15.8

59.3

236.8

242.2

243.4

1.6
6.5

1.6
6.5

7.4

7.7

7.8

10.9

11.2

11.1

21.9
60.1

22.6
59.2

22.4
59.6

212.3
12.1
21.8
27.7

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

61.3

62.5

61.7

1.5

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

78.3
2.5
13.1
2.1

2.5

2.7

6.4

31.2
15.8
11.8
34.2

9.4

9.5

9.4

27.4

27.3

27.2

318.8
49.4
122.2

330.3
51.8
128.7

330.3
52.4
128.3

258.3
41.5
62.0

256.0
43.9
64.3

266.1
44.0
65.0

1.5

1.5

8.5

8.7

8.6

5.4

5.3

5.8

78.6

78.5
2.3
13.0

348.0
11.5
50.3

350.8
11.8
50.5
10.5
21.1
13.1
12.8
148.1
33.0

354.3
11.9
50.6
10.7
21.0
13.5
12.9
151.6
32.9

315.8
12.5
54.4
9.8
12.5
10.5

311.0
12.2
51.8
10.4
13.1
10.7
11.4
90.8
23.1

316.8
12.7
54.7
10.1
13.2
10.7
11.0
87.7
24.9

3.2
3.1
4.3

33.3
6.1

2.4

13.1
2.1
3.2
3.1
4.3

3.1
4.2

32.7
6.2

32.4
6.2

2.1

9.7

3.3

19.4
12.9
12.6
150.1
32.9

11.1

86.1
25.2

See footnotes at end of table.




65

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1989

Sept.
1990P

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

554.7
41.7
133.5

536.9
40.9
133.1

537.1
41.7
133.5

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

2,153.2

2,169.9

1,147.0

1,150.6
481.6

779.2

2,173.6
1,153.8
482.4
785.5

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,107.5
1,724.6
73.9
57.5
41.4

3,010.7
1,680.5
72.3
54.2
38.7
162.3
99.3
66.2
43.0
234.0
198.7

3,013.2
1,683.8
72.6
55.5
39.2
163.2
100.3
65.5
42.3
236.4
200.8

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

3,939.9
171.2
60.2
66.2
1,950.7
168.1
347.7
54.7
112.9
208.7
59.4
163.2

3,882.5
171.0
60.8
67.0

3,918.7
176.9
61.2
67.3
1,937.8
169.6
352.6
54.5
114.5
211.1

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,119.3
97.0
1,366.0
65.2
78.5

2,139.6
97.1
1,379.8
65.2
79.3

2,152.1
96.5
1,384.9
65.9
81.7

8.1
i
5.4

933.6
186.8

923.5
187.1

941.0
190.1

6.0
.7

2,335.0
784.6
1,186.5
118.4

2,321.4
793.7

5.3

1,183.1
118.3

2,345.3
797.6
1,191.8
121.1

Montana

297.4

297.7

300.1

6.4

6.7

6.6

11.9

11.6

11.5

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

709.0
120.3
322.8

720.7
120.6
329.5

727.1
122.7
330.4

1.6

1.7

1.7

24.6
4.0
12.0

27.0
4.5
13.3

25.9
4.4
13.0

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

599.7
352.1
145.0

632.5
377.9
147.1

640.5
383.1
148.3

14.1
.3
1.7

15.8
.3

15.6
.3
1.6

49.9
34.8
8.0

53.0
36.4
8.3

53.7
36.7
8.4

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester

529.0
87.6
93.5
115.5

507.1
81.8
86.9

.4

.5

107.2

514.0
83.4
88.0
109.4

32.8
5.9
4.0
5.7

26.9
4.5
2.6
4.7

26.0
4.3
2.5
4.5

3,719.1
177.0
674.0
452.6
254.3
542.6
340.4
976.0
197.5
59.7

3,743.1
195.7
671.8
460.9
252.2
541.2
356.2
982.0
196.9
60.0

3,715.6
184.6
673.5
461.1
252.4
537.8
344.5
980.5
197.8
60.7

2.5

174.8
9.8
33.1
26.4
7.3
24.6
22.0
40.3
5.7
2.6

160.5

156.1
8.9
31.3
26.0
6.7
23.1

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.




,

481.6
777.2

164.6
104.9
68.3
42.4
242.3
202.9

1,917.6
166.9
348.4
54.7
110.1
208.9
59.1
164.4

59.2
164.6

35.5
2.3
8.7

29.6
2.1
8.2

29.2
2.1
8.1

166.9
80.4
21.4
73.6

169.7
78.9
20.6
73.0

168.3
78.1
20.2
72.8

132.9
67.4
3.7
2.6
2.2
7.5
5.0
3.1
2.3
9.3
9.2

110.2
53.7
2.9
2.4
1.7
6.6
4.6
2.7
1.9
7.9
8.3

108.3
53.2
2.9
2.4
1.7
6.5
4.4
2.6
1.8
8.1
8.2

151.1
6.3
2.7
1.9
70.9
5.6
17.3
2.1
4.5
7.2
2.6
9.2

144.9
5.8
2.8
1.9
63.0
6.2

145.2
5.8
2.9
1.8

17.7
2.7
4.3
6.1
2.7
9.2

17.3
2.8
4.3
5.8
2.6
9.2

90.8
4.2

57.8
2.6
4.6

92.7
3.8
57.9
2.3
4.8

91.0
3.6
56.9
2.4
4.7

6.5
.7

39.1
7.9

35.4
7.8

35.8
7.7

5.3

103.7
34.5
65.9
5.0

105.2
35.5
63.1

103.3
35.4
60.7
4.7

0.2

0.2

(*>
1.7
.3

V)

o
1.5
.8

1.5
.7

.1
.2
.3
8.9

O1
()
0

o
1.2

O
(11)
()
O1
()
0

n
o

1.2

()

0
8.8
5.7

8.7
5.6

O
O

(
O
6.6
.7

O

0

O

1.6

0)

4.8

9.3
31.8
26.4
6.9
23.2
18.3
38.9
5.2
2.5

63.0
6.2

17.9
38.7
5.1
2.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
xiblic utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn .
Portland

107.6
9.8
16.7

107.5
9.6
17.3

105.6
9.4
16.8

21.4
1.4
4.7

22.5
1.4
5.5

22.7
1.4
5.4

143.0
11.1
41.3

137.3
10.8
40.8

133.6
11.1
40.4

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C.

209.0
130.5
45.5
38.6

204.4
127.2
44.8
37.7

203.6
127.2
44.7
37.3

101.0
56.2
28.4
31.3

102.6
57.2
28.7
31.7

102.4
57.2
28.6
31.6

541.3
280.8
96.7
198.5

548.8
281.9
95.3
201.9

544.6
281.2
95.5
200.7

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster ..
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

557.3
256.9
9.9
15.4
12.3
47.4
34.3
17.9
10.6
47.4
44.6

524.2
242.7
9.2
13.7
11.7
45.3
31.4
16.8
10.6
46.0
43.5

522.8
242.1
9.2
14.4
11.7
45.3
31.1
16.7
10.5
45.8
43.4

121.3
70.2
4.2
1.7
1.3
6.2
4.6
2.7
1.2
9.4
8.5

126.5
75.6
4.5
1.9
1.2
5.7
4.5
2.3
1.4
9.7
9.2

130.0
76.9
4.6
1.9
1.4
6.2
4.9
2.5
1.4
10.0
9.4

747.0
389.1
24.4
15.8
10.2
37.7
22.5
17.0
10.1
60.5
49.3

720.7
376.6
23.7
14.8
9.2
37.3
21.4
16.8
10.1
58.3
49.5

720.0
376.4
23.8
14.7
9.3
37.3
21.6
16.9
10.1
58.6
49.7

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .

971.7
37.0
16.9
21.2
462.7
53.2
103.0
13.7
30.6
32.5
17.0
45.4

935.5
38.1
16.4
20.9
437.3
50.1
103.3
12.7
30.0
32.1
16.2
44.8

943.8
38.5
16.4
21.0
445.3
51.7
103.0
12.5
30.0
32.1
16.2
44.9

153.4
4.9
1.6
2.6
87.5
4.5
11.6
4.1
3.2
5.6
2.3
6.4

156.2
5.1
1.6
2.7
88.6
4.2
11.3
3.9
3.4
5.9
2.2
6.1

155.8
5.1
1.6
2.7
88.9
4.4
11.3
3.9
3.3
5.9
2.2
6.1

930.6
30.4
12.0
14.8
468.2
41.9
92.1
13.2
25.9
46.0
13.8
39.1

937.4
30.0
12.2
15.0
468.3
42.3
93.8
13.1
26.3
45.4
14.3
41.2

927.8
30.2
12.2
14.8
465.9
42.1
94.5
13.1
26.4
45.2
14.2
40.7

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
Rochester
St. Cloud

407.6
8.5
265.3
12.1
14.5

405.5
8.8
262.5
12.1
15.3

403.1
8.6
260.5
12.3
15.1

107.5
6.0
75.6
2.0
3.9

108.2
6.0
77.3
1.9
3.9

110.4
6.0
79.2
1.9
3.8

526.6
24.7
336.0
12.8
24.1

534.3
24.7
340.5
12.9
26.3

531.3
24.3
339.3
12.8
26.2

Mississippi
Jackson

245.4
21.5

243.0
21.6

243.2
21.5

46.2
14.1

47.2
14.7

47.5
14.8

199.2
43.7

203.4
44.3

203.0
44.5

Missouri
Kansas City.
St. Louis
Springfield ...

440.1
111.4
225.8
21.3

432.9
109.9
220.0
21.3

432.9
110.1
222.2
21.2

1527
65.2
77.3
7.5

150.6
64.9
77.8
7.7

151.7
65.9
78.1
7.7

576.5
204.7
287.5
33.8

578.5
209.9
294.3
34.9

576.5
209.2
290.8
35.0

Montana ..

22.6

23.1

23.7

20.4

20.0

20.0

79.9

82.5

80.6

Nebraska .
Lincoln ...
Omaha ...

95.3
14.4
35.9

97.4
14.4
36.6

97.5
14.6
36.7

46.2
6.6
24.6

46.9
6.7
24.7

47.1
6.8
24.9

183.5
27.3
82.8

187.1
27.4
85.4

185.3
27.7
84.5

Nevada
Las Vegas .
Reno

25.7
10.3
8.6

26.4
10.8
8.6

26.3
10.8
8.5

31.4
18.3
9.4

32.6
19.4
9.1

32.5
19.6
9.1

123.0
74.5
33.2

130.1
79.8
34.3

131.8
80.4
34.5

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.

113.1
11.6
34.0
21.3

108.4
11.0
32.3
19.0

107.2
10.9
32.2
18.8

15.7
4.9
3.2
2.7

17.4
4.8
3.2
2.7

18.4
4.7
3.1
2.6

135.8
22.6
23.1
28.6

132.6
21.1
21.6
28.0

128.4
21.1
21.1
27.0

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

657.3
8.7
150.2
73.1
45.0
115.1
27.9
175.3
28.8
17.5

633.9
8.4
145.3
69.9
43.1
111.2
27.0
169.7
27.5
17.4

634.9
8.5
146.0
69.9
43.7
111.3
27.1
170.0
27.5
17.6

243.6
6.8
29.8
19.6
34.1
41.8
17.5
81.7
6.7
2.2

240.3
6.9
29.2
19.9
33.4
41.8
17.3
83.9
6.5
2.2

244.5
6.6
29.2
20.1
33.9
42.2
17.4
84.3
6.8
2.2

890.8
41.1
194.0
122.4
61.9
130.8
91.2
197.4
31.1
11.4

903.2
48.3
191.9
125.5
60.7
129.9
101.3
195.3
31.8
11.3

895.5
42.0
193.2
126.2
60.5
128.8
96.1
195.8
31.7
11.5

See footnotes at end of table.




67

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990*

25.6
2.4
11.8

25.6
2.3
11.4

25.2
2.3
11.4

126.3
10.5
34.5

130.8
11.1
36.4

126.9
11.2
35.9

95.1
4.2
15.8

83.4
3.6
13.5

93.7
4.2
15.5

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

132.5
77.8
46.1
45.9

134.0
77.6
45.8
46.6

132.4
76.9
45.7
45.8

596.8
317.2
152.0
227.7

611.4
322.1
152.4
231.9

605.3
322.6
152.4
228.8

404.0
203.8
91.5
161.6

397.3
205.4
94.0
156.4

415.3
210.3
95.3
168.5

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

216.9
147.0
3.6
3.5
1.5
6.4
3.8
2.5
2.0
15.6
14.2

220.1
148.0
3.5
3.6
1.5
6.5
3.4
2.5
2.0
14.9
14.2

216.1
146.0
3.5
3.5
1.5
6.3
3.4
2.5
1.9
14.7
14.0

932.0
590.7
16.1
11.3
9.1
38.2
21.9
15.2
11.6
60.4
52.8

933.3
594.3
16.4
11.5
9.2
41.0
22.0
16.1
12.7
61.5
51.6

925.5
592.2
16.5
11.4
9.1
40.7
22.1
15.2
12.2
61.5
52.6

398.6
202.6
12.0
7.2
4.8
21.2
12.8
9.9
4.5
39.5
24.1

374.2
188.8
12.1
6.3
4.2
19.9
12.0
9.0
4.3
35.5
22.1

389.0
196.2
12.1
7.2
4.5
20.9
12.8
9.1
4.4
37.5
23.2

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

190.2
4.6
3.3
2.6
111.7
6.0
15.7
1.8
5.0
12.9
1.5
6.3

194.8
4.8
3.5
2.7
114.9
6.4
16.0
1.8
5.2
12.9
1.5
6.3

192.9
4.5
3.4
2.7
114.3
6.4
15.9
1.7
5.3
12.9
1.5
6.2

912.0
37.3
12.2
14.7
510.9
33.8
75.4
10.2
25.4
43.3
12.6
35.9

927.4
39.6
13.3
15.5
522.1
36.1
75.4
10.6
26.0
43.5
12.8
37.7

925.3
39.8
13.3
15.6
522.0
35.9
77.2
10.4
25.9
44.1
12.7
37.7

620.1
50.7
11.6
8.6
237.6
23.2
32.7
9.7
18.4
61.1
9.6
20.9

577.4
47.5
11.0
8.2
222.3
21.6
30.9
9.8
15.0
63.1
9.3
19.1

619.3
53.0
11.5
8.6
237.1
22.9
33.5
10.1
19.3
65.0
9.8
19.9

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

121.6
3.3
93.7
1.C
2.4

124.9
3.3
96.0
1.7
2.4

123.8
3.2
95.0
1.7
2.4

546.0
23.7
365.5
27.8
16.3

561.7
24.4
374.9
28.8
16.7

564.5
24.2
377.2
28.6
17.3

311.1
21.2
171.4
6.3
12.7

303.5
20.4
170.2
5.5
9.9

319.3
21.0
176.3
6.2
12.2

39.1
14.8

38.8
14.5

38.5
14.5

154.9
42.3

157.1
43.7

159.4
43.7

203.6
41.9

192.2
39.6

207.1
42.9

135.3
59.1
74.8
5.5

136.4
59.6
74.9
5.6

134.6
59.1
73.9
5.6

561.5
192.4
310.6
30.5

574.4
197.2
320.9
30.6

573.7
195.7
320.5
31.6

359.9
117.2
144.5
14.8

338.0
116.7
132.1
13.4

367.3
122.2
145.6
15.3

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
Montana

13.3

13.8

13.6

72.6

75.7

74.7

70.3

64.3

69.4

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

48.4
8.5
29.2

48.3
8.4
29.3

48.0
8.4
29.1

168.5
27.7
91.7

173.4
28.2
95.4

174.5
28.6
95.2

140.9
31.8
46.6

138.9
31.0
44.8

147.1
32.2
47.0

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

26.1
16.6
6.9

27.7
17.5
7.2

27.9
17.5
7.2

258.4
161.1
60.0

276.4
178.4
61.1

275.9
178.3
60.8

71.1
36.2
17.2

70.5
35.3
16.9

76.8
39.5
18.2

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester....

33.0
8.8
3.4
7.3

32.4
8.8
3.2
7.2

31.8
8.9
3.2
7.0

126.9
25.2
18.2
24.4

127.4
23.5
17.8
24.5

128.2
24.6
17.8
23.6

71.3
8.6
7.6
25.5

61.5
8.1
6.2
21.1

73.5
8.9
8.1
25.9

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

242.6
6.8
39.2
25.2
16.4
39.1
19.4
80.5
10.5
3.8

245.1
7.2
39.5
25.1
16.3
39.0
19.7
79.9
11.0
3.9

240.2
7.0
38.7
24.8
16.3
38.3
19.3
78.9
10.8
3.9

964.0
77.1
160.8
113.9
50.1
119.0
99.9
263.4
59.0
10.6

1,004.4
88.8
166.8
121.2
51.1
122.4
108.4
274.3
58 7
10.6

990.4
85.0
166.9
120.8
51.4
120.5
103.7
272.6
59.6
10.7

543.4
26.7
66.9
72.0
39.5
71.5
62.5
136.6
55.7
11.2

553.2
26.8
67.3
72.9
40.7
73.0
64.2
139.3
56.2
11.7

551.6
26.6
68.2
73.3
39.9
72.9
63.0
139.5
56.3
11.9

See footnotes at end of table.

68




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990*

31.6
14.2
2.4
2.8

29.5
12.3
2.5
2.8

29.1
12.2
2.4
2.8

6.0
.8

357.2
22.9
6.2
19.2
1.9
2.7
60.8
157.7
124.0
4.4
5.5
7.0
21.1
5.2
18.1
5.0
26.1

326.0
22.6
5.8
19.5
1.7
3.2
55.3
143.9
111.8
4.8
5.0
6.5
21.3
5.3
17.9
4.6
24.6

322.1
22.1
5.7
19.2
1.7
2.9
55.1
143.6
111.7
4.8
4.9
6.3
20.9
5.1
17.7
4.4
24.6

5.0

167.3
4.8
37.0
24.9
22.4

165.6
4.5
38.5
25.2
22.2

163.3
4.5
38.2
24.8
21.9

4.5

12.0
1.9
4.4
1.7

12.2
2.3
4.9
1.7

11.9
2.3
4.7
1.6

18.4
.6
.8
.5
.9
.9
.5
.3
.5

18.3
.6
.8
.5
.9
.9
.5
.3
.5

211.8
11.0
7.8
36.4
36.1
31.4
18.9
12.9
8.7

219.9
11.5
8.3
38.2
37.6
33.0
19.1
13.6
9.0

219.3
11.5
8.3
37.8
37.6
32.8
18.9
13.5
9.1

43.2
.9
.3
11.0
12.9

45.7
.9
.3
10.2
12.2

45.2
.9
.3
10.3
12.2

36.1
.6
1.1
11.9
10.7

37.1
.6
1.0
13.4
11.8

37.1
.6
1.0
13.1
11.6

1.6
.2
.4
.1

1.5
.2
.4
.1

1.6
.2
.4
.1

49.7
4.5
27.9
4.6

53.5
4.7
28.2
4.9

53.7
4.7
28.2
4.7

27.9
.6

27.2
.6
()
(1)

27.5
.6
()
(1)

V)

V)

252.1
14.1
2.5
2.7
4.0
15.0
3.3
12.4
106.1
18.3
46.5

252.8
13.8
2.7
2.4
4.5
16.4
3.3
13.1
106.6
17.8
45.0

249.2
13.4
2.7
2.4
4.3
16.0
3.3
12.9
105.1
17.8
44.7

565.9
241.5
41.8
60.3

571.8
244.8
43.7
59.2

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

8,259.7
427.2
121.6
461.8
41.3
48.7
1,136.9
4,116.5
3,587.9
85.8
108.3
120.0
489.7
102.2
314.6
128.5
407.2

8,253.3
436.0
119.4
463.8
42.0
52.5
1,127.3
4,114.6
3,580.4
87.1
106.6
120.0
487.5
104.0
314.9
128.9
410.5

8,261.8
435.3
121.4
467.6
41.7
48.9
1,130.3
4,112.1
3,580.8
87.5
106.7
121.1
491.3
102.1
317.3
128.7
410.1

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

3,095.9
86.3
621.5
486.8
424.9

3,078.9
89.5
628.2
477.0
425.6

3,112.2
91.0
635.5
485.4
428.2

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

264.0
39.7
75.4
30.9

264.9
40.5
75.7
30.9

269.1
41.1
77.8
31.6

(1)
(1)
(1)

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

4,877.8
289.1
166.3
738.0
945.9
706.2
454.0
296.6
201.0

4,938.2
291.2
168.4
756.1
960.2
726.4
456.7
294.8
201.1

4,981.2
297.4
169.6
761.4
965.6
730.7
462.1
301.4
204.0

18.5
.7
.8
.5
.9
.9
.5
.3
.4

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,153.7
21.4
34.8
423.2
307.0

1,156.5
21.0
34.6
423.1
317.5

1,170.9
21.2
35.1
432.0
317.6

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

1,231.0
115.7
621.7
109.2

1,259.4
117.6
641.4
112.2

1,263.0
119.4
641.8
111.7

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

5,133.5
281.3
52.4
49.9
118.1
312.7
79.5
188.6
2,184.8
765.5
902.2

5,117.2
280.4
53.0
49.2
120.0
322.4
80.5
189.2
2,190.3
759.7
909.7

5,145.2
282.4
53.3
49.6
120.8
321.0
81.4
189.9
2,196.0
762.3
915.8

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

Sept.
1989

14.6
(2)
(2)
(2)

569.7
243.7
42.8
57.3

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

Sept.
1990P

Aug.
1990

14.8
(2)
(2)
(2)

14.4
(2)
(2)
(2)

6.0
.6
1

6.0
.8

()
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.4

.2

.8

.7
1

5.0
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

4.2

4.5
(1)
(1)
(1)

1

(1)
4.6

V)

.7

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

.4
2.6
.4
1.1

O
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

()
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

.2
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)

4.9

O

()
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

()
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

0)

1

1

.4
2.6
.5
1.1

1

.5
2.5
.5
1.1

(1)
4.5

4.6

See footnotes at end of table.




69

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990^

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

43.5
21.3
3.7
1.7

44.0
21.4
3.5
1.8

43.9
21.3
3.6
1.7

29.3
12.7
1.6
1.0

27.9
12.1
1.3
.9

28.6
12.6
1.5
1.0

136.9
61.2
9.0
11.1

136.3
61.4
9.3
11.8

135.6
61.1
9.3
11.4

1,196.0
46.5
35.5
78.4
8.9
10.4
161.0
440.7
363.7
24.2
14.4
30.1
137.9
15.0
53.5
24.1
59.9

1,149.5
47.2
33.9
75.5
8.6
9.9
152.1
418.9
346.7
23.4
13.1
29.5
132.8
14.3
52.2
23.5
55.8

1,154.0
47.2
33.9
76.0
8.4
9.7
152.1
422.1
348.4
23.6
13.2
29.3
132.9
14.2
52.0
23.6
57.5

385.3
15.9
4.1
21.0
1.2
1.4
44.3
223.0
200.5
4.1
6.6
3.3
15.4
4.9
18.0
3.7
17.0

420.5
17.4
4.6
22.0
1.4
2.0
49.3
243.0
218.0
4.1
6.9
3.9
15.4
5.0
19.2
4.4
19.3

427.2
17.8
4.6
22.2
1.4
1.6
52.2
246.6
221.1
4.3
7.0
3.9
15.6
5.2
19.3
4.5
19.7

1,744.3
92.6
25.7
118.2
10.7
12.1
303.3
753.0
631.0
20.8
30.2
22.3
106.2
24.0
76.0
28.5
93.5

1,713.8
93.4
26.3
119.4
11.0
13.4
300.4
734.7
613.4
21.5
29.7
22.3
108.2
23.6
77.8
29.1
93.2

1,708.0
93.1
26.2
119.8
10.8
12.3
298.2
735.2
614.0
21.5
29.3
22.1
107.6
23.4
76.2
28.8
93.3

870.8
20.0
155.0
149.1
63.4

851.7
20.0
153.3
145.5
63.4

850.3
20.1
152.9
145.2
63.0

153.7
4.2
50.2
26.2
20.6

156.8
4.3
51.3
26.0
21.1

156.9
4.3
51.4
25.9
21.0

720.0
20.8
154.4
112.1
90.9

733.9
22.2
158.2
112.0
90.8

731.8
22.3
158.3
112.1
91.2

16.6
2.2
5.5
1.5

17.1
2.3
5.8
1.1

17.8
2.3
5.9
1.4

17.1
2.8
4.7
1.6

17.3
3.1
4.7
1.7

17.4
3.1
4.7
1.7

70.3
10.4
21.9
9.2

70.6
10.5
21.7
9.5

70.6
10.4
21.9
9.7

1,131.4
68.1
46.0
148.9
207.7
106.1
105.0
61.3
50.2

1,123.6
67.9
45.3
148.9
205.6
105.5
104.7
60.0
48.4

1,126.9
68.4
45.8
149.8
207.6
106.0
104.9
60.8
49.3

219.0
13.3
5.8
40.2
42.7
31.1
17.8
14.6
7.9

221.1
13.7
5.7
41.4
43.4
31.9
18.8
14.7
8.0

222.2
13.7
5.7
42.1
43.6
32.1
18.8
14.8
8.1

1,182.7
71.3
41.6
192.5
227.8
182.2
101.8
75.1
53.7

1,222.8
73.4
42.7
202.3
236.3
191.1
104.1
77.2
55.9

1,219.6
73.7
42.6
201.8
235.7
191.4
104.0
76.9
55.5

Okiahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

162.7
1.5
3.5
48.7
52.6

161.6
1.5
3.6
44.6
54.8

165.6
1.5
3.5
48.5
54.8

64.8
2.2
1.9
21.0
24.4

66.9
2.1
1.7
21.2
25.4

66.4
2.1
1.7
21.1
25.3

274.9
6.3
8.6
103.1
72.4

282.6
6.3
8.7
105.8
75.7

280.3
6.2
8.9
105.2
75.4

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

226.9
21.6
103.4
18.9

230.3
21.5
105.9
20.9

226.7
21.2
104.4
19.4

64.2
4.6
37.7
2.9

64.6
4.4
37.8
2.7

64.3
4.5
37.7
2.8

319.4
29.6
166.4
24.3

333.8
31.1
177.4
23.9

329.7
31.0
173.8
24.4

1,047.8
75.6
10.5
9.0
35.9
52.1
13.8
58.8
362.4
86.9
123.3

1,035.1
74.7
10.1
9.1
36.7
51.2
14.8
57.5
353.8
82.3
124.3

1,030.1
74.5
10.0
9.1
36.6
51.0
14.8
56.8
353.7
83.8
123.5

255.9
14.4
4.8
5.2
4.4
19.2
5.2
7.5
100.2
41.5
49.2

249.9
13.9
4.5
5.0
4.5
19.1
4.7
7.3
99.5
41.3
49.7

256.3
14.1
4.6
5.1
4.5
19.5
5.1
7.6
101.3
41.3
50.5

1,174.4
61.7
14.0
11.7
25.5
70.8
17.5
47.0
506.6
146.6
225.8

1,177.6
62.4
14.5
11.8
26.0
72.7
17.7
47.9
504.5
146.4
228.8

1,174.8
62.6
14.4
11.7
25.8
72.2
17.7
47.8
505.8
146.5
228.2

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.

70




:..

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

State and area
Sept.
1989

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

,

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

26.6
14.2

1.7
2.1

1.7
2.1

796.0
25.0
4.1

792.9
25.7
4.3
28.7
1.5
1.7
85.1

567.1
530.4
2.0

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

26.7
14.3

28.5
1.4
1.7
84.1

,

Aug.
1990

4.8
4.9
23.1
5.5
20.2
7.4
30.4

559.4
522.9
2.1
5.0
5.0
23.8
5.5
20.5
7.8
30.2

Sept.

Sept.
1989

140.5

783.8
25.4
4.2

2,362.5
113.4
25.2
124.0

2,423.5
118.1
25.4

10.4
11.4

11.1

28.5
1.5
1.6
84.3
554.7
518.6

2.1
4.8

4.9
23.2
5.5
20.3
7.7
29.9

71.0
7.6
15.3

78.4
28.5
125.4

260.4
10.9
6.9
43.7
58.7
61.7
17.8
12.2
8.8

258.5
10.8
6.7
43.5
58.2
61.0
17.7
12.1
8.7

1,165.8

58.2
.9

55.7
.9
1.8
24.0
18.1

55.4
.9

1.7

262.4
5.3
6.2

23.8
18.0

103.8
80.4

77.9
5.9

78.0
6.0

285.9
28.3

50.9
5.6

51.0
5.6

157.0
22.7

299.0

295.7
14.3
1.9

1,392.6

159.2
70.0
54.1

1.6
5.6

69.6
55.4

1,434.6

29.6

254.9
10.7
6.9
43.0
57.3
60.4
18.0
12.1
8.7

21.7
4.3
7.6
160.4
69.1
55.1

1,421.1
110.9

29.5
124.0
29.6
76.7'

67.1

1.6
5.7

1,412.4
110.5
20.8
72.4
6.8

18.4
24.2

12.5
1.5
4.6
1.2

21.9
4.4
7.7
161.5

2,426.2
116.5
25.2
129.3
11.0
11.5
314.6
1,334.3

18.4
24.3

12.6
1.5
4.6
1.2

1.9

150.1
50.4
17.3
24.3

18.0
23.7
28.7

122.7
27.2

109.7
12.1
20.4
7.0

69.2
38.7
187.4

257.1
174.4
116.1
77.6
48.1

70.9
11.7
11.8

29.0
69.2
20.3

39.9
651.5
260.3
293.5

Sept.
1990P

142.2
47.8
15.6
24.2

316.8

12.3
1.5
4.5
1.2

14.5

13.4

Aug.
1990

146.4
48.9
16.7
23.2

1,326.4
1,160.0

571.2
21.0
116.8
97.9

14.3
1.9
1.7
5.6
20.1
4.3
7.3

127.9

Sept.
1989

143.5
73.0
7.8
15.8

308.0

134.0
2.9
38.5
23.3
24.2

16.6

7.8
16.6

Sept.
1990?

1,304.9
1,146.9

135.1
2.9
38.7
23.5
24.2

76.0
5.6
49.9
5.5

145.0
72.2

26.4
14.1
1.7
2.1

133.7
2.8
38.1
23.7
23.7

1.7
24.6

Aug.
1990

1,171.3

9.0
175.3
670.1
590.9
12.5

19.3
70.7
6.8
8.9
168.2
688.4
607.3

112.4
21.7
72.7
7.0
9.2
173.8
675.5

595.4

126.0
27.8
80.9
29.4

23.1
23.6
62.5
20.5
50.3
31.2

129.9

54.9

12.9
22.6
23.3
61.3
20.7
50.6
30.3
56.4

592.2
22.9
122.7
99.3
110.2

589.9
22.8
124.0
99.8
111.8

474.3
12.7
70.0
52.9
94.2

438.6
12.7
65.5
45.5
93.7

481.0
14.1
72.2
54.3
95.1

69.5
12.2
21.4
7.2

70.0
12.5
21.4
7.2

64.4
8.8
14.0
8.7

61.1
8.6
12.6
8.5

64.4
9.0
14.6

1,202.5
73.8
40.0
194.0
264.0
182.1
118.1
79.6
48.4

1,208.8
73.0
40.2
194.4

669.5
39.4

707.5
45.7
19.5

49.2

693.6
45.0
18.8
89.0
116.4
119.6
76.0
42.7
23.3

265.1
5.0
6.6
107.0
83.2

266.4
5.2
6.5
109.0
84.2

294.6
29.3
163.0
23.3
1,416.0
71.2

29.2
131.0

12.0.
11.7
30.2
74.6
20.7
41.2

18.6
87.1

12.7
23.3

24.9
64.3
20.9
50.9
30.3
55.3

113.9

91.6
117.4

120.3
73.6
37.2
22.0

123.2
77.4
43.2
23.5

251.4
3.7
11.5
99.1
37.0

241.8
3.7

254.5
3.8

10.9
96.9
36.3

11.5
101.0
36.1

295.0
29.5
163.9
23.8

207.3
21.3
79.0
30.2

203.2
20.5
77.8
30.8

214.0
22.3
82.4
30.9

1,421.4
71.6
12.2
11.9
30.4
73.3

685.9

659.6

690.2

29.7
7.0

31.3
7.5
7.8

13.7
65.9

29.3
7.3
7.6
12.4
66.1

20.9

12.5
15.3

12.3
14.0

264.6
183.2

119.9
79.9

7.8

13.6
66.8
12.8

666.9

41.3
667.3

297.7

296.4

258.3
301.4

261.3
302.7

141.9
105.2

144.0

15.4
301.3
142.5

100.6

106.5

See footnotes at end of table.




71

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction

Mining

Total
State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

155.8
307.3
43.4
60.4
52.3
180.4

154.5
309.5
43.8
58.3
51.6
179.3

157.3
309.7
44.7
61.3
52.2
180.4

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

463.6
133.5
330.1

450.1
130.3
324.1

451.4
130.7
327.6

1,520.8
198.1
236.7
336.6

1,547.0
207.7
240.9
334.8

1,562.3
209.2
246.7
342.1

280.0
37.5
71.7

281.1
38.9
73.7

283.0
37.7
74.1

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,188.3
197.3
166.7
269.3
465.0
494.5

2,183.9
198.5
172.7
265.3
468.5
495.5

2,196.1
199.3
173.5
265.0
473.4
497.8

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

6,839.9
48.5
76.8
366.2
136.2
62.2
73.8
53.2
127.6
1,355.9
205.1
567.4
74.2
1,509.7
73.6
43.1
67.5
96.3
96.2
44.5
42.8
36.5
511.7
37.3
47.1
61.1
28.0
80.9
50.4

6,920.0
47.9
76.2
360.4
139.2
64.7
75.5
52.1
129.6
1,361.1
206.1
580.0
76.0
1,555.7
74.0
44.2
68.7
96.8
98.0
44.3
42.6
35.4
511.4
36.4
46.3
61.5
28.1
80.0
49.8

6,947.6
49.4
77.1
371.3
140.2
65.2
76.4
53.3
129.8
1,368.4
205.4
579.2
74.9
1,558.5
73.9
44.5
68.7
97.6
100.3
44.8
43.1
35.9
518.5
37.0
46.8
62.1
27.6
83.1
50.4

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

See footnotes at end of table.

72




Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

0

V)
0.6

Sept.
1990?

0.6

(1)

(1)

.3

.4
1

1

()

()

.5

.5

.1
.2
.1

.1

01
()

2.9
.3

6.4
.8

6.4

.8
(1)

1.7

.3

3.6

3.9

3.8

2.7

3.0

3.0

.4

11.3

11.8

11.5

.1
.2
.1

21.3

19.1

5.6

4.8

16.4

15.4

18.1
4.6
15.2

1.8

95.7
13.5
14.0
23.5

102.0
15.3
16.7
23.8

102.3
14.8
19.0
23.8

2.8
.3

11.6

12.3
2.2

11.8
2.2

3.9

3.8

1.9

103.4

102.3

101.4

7.9
8.0

8.6
8.1

8.7
7.9

1.9

16.5
19.6
25.8

15.1
20.4
24.9

15.1
20.4
24.6

317.9
1.5
3.5
11.2
10.3
8.0
2.2
1.7
9.5
47.8
8.2
21.7
6.1
97.4
3.2

330.1
1.6
3.7
11.2
10.7
9.5
2.2
1.7
10.1
47.1
8.2
21.2

326.2
1.7

1.2
3.7

(1)

(1)
(1)

V)

173.5

179.5

179.8

1.4
1.2
.7

1.4
1.0

1.6
1.0

.6
1.7
2.1

.7
1.7
2.1

1.5
2.1
(1)

1

()
.5
3.4
17.3

(1)

.5
3.5
17.3

.5
3.4

17.5

2.0
3.6

6.3
.8
(1)

1.8
(1)
(1)

8.2

15.7

1.7

(1)

(1)

0

8.4

16.3

1.7

01
()
(1)

2.7
.3
(1)

Sept.
1990P

7.8

0

1.8
(1)
(1)
(1)

Aug.
1990

15.8

0.7

0

.2
.1

1.8
(1)

0

Sept.
1989

(1)

3.5

11.0
10.8
9.1
2.2
1.5

10.1
46.8
8.0
20.9
6.2
102.2
3.0

(1)

(1)

3.9
.5
65.5
1
()

4.0
.6
69.8
1
()

69.4
()

1.6
3.4
.3

1.7
3.5
.2
.9
8.4
4.8
.6

1.7
3.4
.2
.9
8.6
5.0
.6

1.2
3.1
3.2
4.2
1.4
1.1

1.1

1.2
3.5
3.3
4.4
1.4
2.0
1.1

2.2

2.2

21.5

21.5

21.6

.1
1.6
1.4

1.7
1.7
1.7
1.6

1.7
1.5
1.8
1.9

1.7
1.4
1.7

1.4

2.8
1.5

3.2
1.6

.9
8.5
5.2
.5
2.2
1

(1)

.1
1.6

1.7
1.2

1.5

O

(1)

1.5

1

(1)

()
.1

4.0
.6

(1)

1.4

2.0

6.4

103.5
3.2
3.5
4.6
1.5
2.1

1.8
3.1
1.6

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

Manufacturing
State and area
Sept.
1989
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

48.6
70.9
11.4
8.0
16.1
60.2

45.7
70.0
11.8
7.8
14.8
58.2

46.7
70.0
11.9
7.7
15.0
57.9

6.7
16.5
1.9
1.6
1.8
7.5

6.4
16.3
2.0
1.7
1.9
6.9

6.7
16.8
2.0
1.7
2.0
7.2

34.8
73.0
10.5
11.8
11.8
43.2

35.9
73.8
10.5
11.6
12.0
44.8

36.0
73.8
10.5
12.0
11.9
44.7

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

108.2
49.2
70.1

104.4
47.8
68.2

104.3
47.8
68.5

15.7
4.0
10.9

15.8
4.0
11.4

15.7
3.9
11.3

108.3
34.2
73.4

106.2
34.4
72.2

105.0
34.4
71.7

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

391.4
20.5
28.3
103.6

384.8
21.4
28.4
101.0

382.6
21.3
28.4
100.9

64.3
10.1
11.0
13.3

65.7
10.2
11.4
13.5

65.9
10.4
11.4
13.6

345.1
50.3
54.2
78.4

354.5
53.7
54.2
80.8

351.4
53.1
54.2
81.2

31.7
3.7
8.2

32.7
3.9
8.7

32.3
3.8
8.5

13.8
2.2
5.2

13.4
2.0
5.1

13.6
2.0
5.1

75.0
11.3
19.8

77.0
12.1
21.0

75.9
11.1
21.2

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

528.1
47.1
54.6
51.9
62.8
89.2

521.0
46.9
54.3
49.5
62.2
89.5

519.8
46.3
53.9
49.6
62.0
88.8

116.5
7.9
6.2
10.5
47.4
26.6

116.6
8.1
6.2
11.1
47.4
26.7

116.7
8.1
6.3
11.1
47.7
26.9

513.3
47.4
38.1
70.5
125.9
120.7

515.2
46.3
39.5
69.1
127.6
119.7

515.6
46.3
39.6
68.0
127.8
120.2

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

968.7
4.8
8.5
45.0
24.8
16.0
10.6
3.8
11.3
223.3
41.7
120.4
8.9
163.2
8.6
1.9
16.0
7.4
12.8
2.4
4.2
5.4
48.9
11.1
7.3
10.7
2.9
15.5
8.4

966.1
4.4
8.6
45.8
25.1
16.5
10.9
3.8
12.0
221.0
41.5
118.9
8.6
165.9
8.8
1.8
16.1
7.2
12.9
2.3
4.1
4.9
45.8
10.9
7.1
10.9
3.1
15.8
8.0

964.9
4.5
8.5
45.8
25.1
16.6
11.0
3.7
11.9
220.7
41.4
118.5
8.5
165.9
8.7
1.8
16.2
7.2
13.3
2.4
4.1
5.0
45.5
10.9
7.1
11.0
3.1
16.0
7.9

404.7
2.6
5.7
11.2
9.5
2.6
3.2
1.4
6.8
79.4
10.3
53.0
4.7
106.7
2.7
6.1
3.4
5.1
3.0
2.3
1.9
2.7
19.4
1.6
2.4
2.8
1.3
3.5
2.5

419.8
2.7
5.6
11.1
9.6
2.6
3.4
1.5
6.6
80.4
10.7
56.6
5.3
107.6
2.6
6.1
3.4
5.4
2.9
2.2
1.9
2.5
19.7
1.3
2.4
2.8
1.3
3.5
2.6

419.4
2.7
5.6
11.2
9.7
2.6
3.3
1.5
6.6
80.4
10.6
57.0
5.1
107.2
2.5
6.1
3.4
5.5
3.0
2.2
1.9
2.5
19.7
1.3
2.4
2.9
1.3
3.5
2.6

1,689.6
13.1
22.3
79.4
32.3
11.7
20.0
11.8
32.0
347.5
51.8
145.0
14.1
366.7
16.9
13.9
17.1
28.1
29.7
10.9
12.6
9.1
129.0
8.0
10.9
16.3
7.7
18.7
11.8

1,712.0
13.4
21.9
77.9
32.9
12.0
20.6
11.5
32.3
359.6
53.4
147.3
14.4
374.8
16.7
14.2
17.1
28.3
31.1
11.1
12.8
8.8
133.0
8.2
10.9
16.3
7.8
18.7
11.8

1,708.7
13.4
21.9
78.1
32.7
11.9
20.4
12.3
32.5
359.7
52.7
146.2
14.4
373.5
16.5
14.5
17.0
28.5
31.2
11.0
12.8
8.8
132.8
8.1
10.9
16.4
7.5
18.8
11.9

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

See footnotes at end of table.




73

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

8.9
13.1
1.3
1.9
2.3
5.0

9.1
13.6
1.4
2.0
2.5
5.2

9.1
13.4
1.4
2.0
2.4
5.1

32.3
77.1
11.8
10.8
10.6
34.3

33.1
79.9
11.7
10.9
11.1
34.6

32.8
78.8
12.3
11.1
11.1
35.6

16.7
40.3
4.8
22.3
7.0
18.4

15.9
39.0
4.7
20.1
6.3
17.3

17.8
40.5
4.9
22.7
6.8
18.0

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

26.9
3.9
22.1

26.7
4.0
22.0

26.4
4.0
21.9

125.8
26.4
93.1

122.0
26.0
92.4

124.4
26.1
94.9

57.3
10.0
44.0

55.8
9.1
42.4

57.4
9.7
44.0

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

69.1
8.8
18.5
12.4

73.0
9.1
18.8
12.4

71.9
8.9
18.7
12.4

282.7
42.2
47.1
63.4

292.9
45.3
47.7
66.3

293.3
45.9
47.5
67.5

270.7
52.7
63.6
42.0

272.3
52.7
63.7
37.0

293.1
54.8
67.5
42.7

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

16.2
1.5
7.6

16.5
1.6
7.9

16.5
1.5
7.8

68.7
9.6
19.4

69.8
10.5
19.6

70.1
9.9
19.5

60.3
6.9
7.9

56.5
6.3
7.5

60.0
6.9
8.2

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

104.1
12.6
5.4
9.8
26.1
32.2

104.2
13.3
5.3
10.3
26.6
32.3

103.7
13.3
5.2
10.1
26.4
32.2

475.6
40.0
30.6
57.3
109.6
131.2

486.5
41.1
34.1
58.3
113.2
136.3

487.4
41.4
34.4
57.2
113.3
137.7

340.9
33.6
23.8
51.0
73.6
68.8

331.7
33.5
25.2
50.0
71.1
66.1

345.2
34.5
26.2
52.0
75.8
67.5

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

433.2
2.3
4.1
23.8
5.3
1.8
3.8
1.6
6.3
129.9
8.5
28.2
4.5
101.9
3.1
1.8
2.7
5.5
4.2
2.4
1.6
1.7
41.0
1.9
1.8
3.4
1.5
5.2
2.3

434.4
2.2
3.8
23.9
5.4
1.8
3.9
1.8
6.3
128.7
8.4
27.9
4.6
102.7
3.2
1.9
2.6
5.4
4.3
2.4
1.5
1.7
40.6
1.9
1.8
3.3
1.6
5.1
2.4

432.0
2.2
3.8
23.7
5.4
1.8
3.9
1.7
6.3
128.2
8.2
27.7
4.5
102.7
3.2
1.9
2.6
5.4
4.2
2.4
1.5
1.6
40.5
1.8
1.8
3.3
1.5
5.1
2.3

1,626.2
13.9
17.3
91.2
31.6
8.9
17.0
8.9
30.3
352.6
42.0
123.5
13.7
415.4
17.5
7.2
13.2
23.8
16.0
9.6
7.6
8.8
132.1
8.6
10.4
15.0
6.1
22.4
12.5

1,671.2
13.7
17.7
94.1
33.7
9.1
17.7
9.6
30.7
351.1
42.9
129.7
14.4
433.8
17.5
7.4
13.9
24.0
16.8
9.7
7.9
8.8
134.7
8.4
11.2
15.5
5.8
22.1
12.6

1,665.5
14.4
17.8
94.2
33.7
9.2
17.6
9.3
30.7
351.4
42.3
128.4
14.2
433.8
17.4
7.4
13.8
24.2
16.8
9.5
7.8
8.8
134.7
8.8
10.9
15.5
5.8
23.3
12.8

1,226.1
8.9
14.2
103.7
20.9
11.1
17.0
23.5
28.0
158.1
42.6
71.7
21.7
192.9
21.6
9.4
8.6
22.9
25.4
7.0
7.7
7.2
117.6
44
12.5
9.5
5.7
12.8
9.9

1,206.9
8.5
13.9
95.8
20.1
11.1
16.8
21.7
28.2
155.7
41.0
74.4
21.7
197.6
22.0
9.9
8.4
22.8
24.5
6.7
7.5
7.0
113.9
4.0
11.3
9.3
5.1
11.6
9.4

1,251.1
8.9
15.0
106.6
21.1
11.9
18.0
22.8
28.2
163.9
42.2
76.5
21.4
203.8
22.6
9.9
8.8
23.3
26.5
7.3
8.0
7.5
121.5
4.4
12.2
9.7
5.2
13.3
9.9

See footnotes at end of table.

74




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990*

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

705.5
90.4
484.4

723.4
90.6
494.6

736.9
95.7
499.2

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

260.5
34.8
79.4

253.4
33.6
78.3

257.3
34.3
79.8

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,895.9
33.6
75.9
43.7
77.7
591.6
780.0
473.6
125.8

2,925.8
33.2
74.5
40.7
76.1
596.7
780.6
475.5
127.1

Washington
Seattle

2,089.8
1,072.8

Sept.
1989

8.8

8.5
(1)

Sept.
1989

Sept.
1990*

Aug.
1990

(1)
2.6

2.8

.6

.5

8.7

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

29.2
3.0
19.8

29.6
3.1
21.0

29.8
3.1
20.8

.5

19.3
2.7
5.5

16.8
2.5
4.8

16.5
2.4
4.6

16.6
(1)
1
()
(1)

202.3
1.2
4.5
2.4
3.9
38.5
65.3
31.2
8.1

197.7
1.2
4.3
2.2
4.0
37.7
55.0
31.9
8.0

194.8
1.2
4.2
2.2
4.0
37.0
53.7
31.7
7.8

0

2.8

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

2,938.1
32.7
76.9
42.3
77.4
595.1
778.3
478.2
128.0

14.9
(1)

(1)

2,153.6
1,107.9

2,172.3
1,105.6

3.7
.6

4.2
.6

4.1
.6

116.8
62.1

128.4
62.9

128.2
59.9

616.9
108.6
109.5
61.0
60.2

618.4
113.4
109.8
61.6
61.6

622.0
113.0
111.3
61.4
61.9

35.4
1.9
1.5
.5
2.2

36.0
2.1
1.7
.5
2.5

35.9
2.0
1.6
.5
2.5

25.0
4.1
5.3
3.3
2.2

24.5
5.5
5.4
3.3
2.4

24.7
5.6
5.2
3.1
2.5

2,262.6
158.4
61.1
103.5
59.0
40.3
54.1
215.1
754.2
78.3
52.7
53.6

2,288.9
161.9
61.3
106.3
58.9
40.3
53.2
219.6
766.9
78.7
54.3
55.0

2,296.9
163.3
62.8
106.4
59.0
40.7
54.3
221.9
769.4
78.7
54.4
55.3

2.6

90.6
7.8
2.2
5.0
2.2
1.7
2.2
8.2
29.8
3.2
1.4
2.3

91.4
8.2
2.8
6.1
2.1
1.4
2.2
9.4
29.6
2.6
1.5
2.2

89.0
8.1
2.5
5.9
1.9
1.5
2.0
9.2
29.2
2.5
1.3
2.3

Wyoming
Casper

202.2
28.1

200.6
28.3

203.4
28.5

18.1
2.5

11.7
1.7

11.9
1.7

11.8
1.7

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

826.8
52.0
58.6
56.2
510.7

842.4
52.3
58.3
60.4
519.2

838.7
52.3
58.1
60.4
516.4

.9

V)
C)

42.9
1.5
2.5
3.6
32.0

45.6
1.4
1.9
4.0
32.8

45.0
1.3
1.8
4.0
32.4

41.3

41.9

41.1

V)

2.3

2.6

2.9

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Virgin Islands

01
()
(1)

0

.6
.8

1

0

16.7

01
(1)
()
0

0

1

()

1

()

2.6

.5
.8

.5
.8
()

2.7

01
(1)
()

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)

(1)

0

0

01
(1)
(1)
()
0

(1)
(11)
()
(11)

0
01
()

9
0
0
(1)
(1)

0
0

()

17.8
2.4

17.8
2.5

.9

.9

0
0
.5

.5

V)

01
(1)
()
V)

.6

See footnotes at end of table.




75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

103.9
13.6
67.5

107.4
13.7
68.6

107.7
13.7
68.8

42.4
2.8
31.9

43.1
2.7
33.0

43.6
2.7
33.3

170.2
20.7
122.0

178.1
21.2
123.8

178.9
22.0
124.0

47.9
5.0
15.9

45.2
4.8
15.3

44.5
4.8
15.0

9.4
.8
2.8

10.8
.9
3.7

11.1
.9
3.4

61.6
7.6
20.1

61.7
7.4
20.4

61.0
7.3
20.5

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

429.4
11.0
9.3
17.6
24.1
68.0
35.5
64.9
19.7

422.1
10.7
9.0
15.2
23.7
68.3
35.1
63.2
19.6

421.6
10.1
8.7
16.2
23.5
67.9
34.6
63.1
19.8

151.7
1.3
2.6
1.0
2.9
27.3
54.6
24.6
7.9

153.8
1.2
2.8
1.0
2.6
27.7
55.9
24.4
7.8

154.0
1.2
2.8
1.0
2.6
28.4
56.2
24.4
7.7

659.7
8.5
14.6
9.5
17.0
145.7
173.7
112.2
33.5

674.8
8.9
14.8
9.4
17.4
146.8
180.0
111.7
34.7

668.0
8.7
14.8
9.3
17.5
144.4
178.3
111.3
34.8

Washington
Seattle

372.8
220.0

369.7
219.3

369.5
219.4

111.2
68.4

114.9
71.4

114.9
70.7

512.4
255.5

539.9
272.6

539.3
269.8

87.3
10.7
20.6
13.8
7.2

86.6
11.0
20.6
14.1
7.6

85.8
11.0
20.8
13.5
7.7

37.0
9.1
8.1
2.6
3.5

37.2
9.2
8.1
2.5
3.5

36.8
9.2
8.0
2.5
3.5

147.2
28.9
27.7
15.1
16.6

148.1
30.3
28.3
15.3
17.1

147.5
30.1
28.5
15.3
17.1

563.4
54.6
11.6
25.5
18.3
10.1
10.7
24.9
173.2
26.3
22.2
15.3

573.9
55.9
10.9
26.1
17.7
9.6
10.3
26.7
173.5
25.9
23.2
15.6

566.9
54.8
10.7
25.4
17.7
9.6
10.3
26.2
172.8
25.9
22.8
15.4

102.4
5.3
3.4
7.6
2.4
1.4
2.3
6.8
37.1
2.3
1.6
3.1

100.4
5.7
3.7
7.6
2.0
1.8
2.5
6.5
36.4
2.3
1.6
3.1

102.9
5.8
3.8
7.8
2.3
1.7
2.5
6.6
37.4
2.4
1.6
3.1

539.1
35.6
16.8
26.4
13.8
10.7
14.6
49.6
174.4
18.7
10.0
13.8

554.4
36.4
17.1
26.8
13.9
11.0
14.1
51.3
181.2
19.6
10.4
14.1

548.1
37.5
17.4
26.5
13.8
11.1
14.3
51.9
178.8
19.3
10.3
14.3

9.3
1.7

9.0
1.7

9.3
1.7

14.7
1.7

14.9
1.8

14.8
1.8

46.1
8.0

48.7
8.0

47.0
8.0

157.1
15.4
20.1
10.3
66.2

154.4
15.1
19.9
10.2
67.3

154.3
14.9
20.0
10.4
66.9

18.4
.4
.4
2.1
14.1

19.4
.4
.5
2.0
14.4

19.5
.4
.5
1.8
14.5

151.1
10.7
8.2
8.9
103.4

156.8
11.5
8.4
9.0
106.7

156.3
11.6
8.4
9.0
106.2

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.2

2.3

9.6

10.3

10.0

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.

76




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

Services

State and area
Sept.
1989

Sept.
1990*

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990"

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

33.6
2.3
27.4

34.6
2.4
28.0

34.4
2.3
28.0

172.5
34.2
117.1

180.8
33.3
122.7

184.4
37.3
122.5

145.2
13.8
96.1

141.0
14.2
94.7

149.4
14.6
99.0

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington

13.0
3.1
4.0

13.2
2.8
4.3

12.8
2.8
4.2

65.9
7.7
19.3

67.2

66.1

8.1

7.8

19.1

19.5

42.8
7.9
11.8

38.0
7.1
10.7

44.8
8.3
12.6

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

153.9

157.5
1.2
4.6
1.3
3.7
28.0
51.7
40.1

156.1
1.1
4.6

719.8
5.2

749.9
5.0

749.9
5.1

553.3
5.0
25.0
4.9
9.7

577.1
5.3
28.1
5.5
9.8
135.4

Washington
Seattle

114.3
72.1

118.6
74.6

24.0
6.2
3.8
2.1
2.9

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

1

14.0

13.7

16.5
151.5
253.4

6.7
15.0

6.8
16.3

156.8
257.7

154.4
255.9

564.2
5.2
26.9
5.4
9.6
133.6
144.8

106.5
32.3

110.4
33.1

111.8
33.3

93.9
15.4

144.7
93.0
15.0

147.7
95.3

118.1
74.2

483.7
256.3

507.0
268.7

512.2
268.0

374.9
137.8

370.9
137.8

386.0
143.0

24.7
6.2
3.9
2.2
3.1

24.5
6.2
3.9
2.2
3.1

139.0
27.4
24.1
14.5
16.7

145.2
28.9
24.5
14.7
16.5

146.7
28.9
24.7
14.8
16.6

122.0
20.3

116.1
20.2
17.3

120.1
20.0

118.9
7.4
1.9
4.0
1.7
1.3
1.7
18.9
50.8
2.4
2.7
3.4

122.2
7.8
1.9
4.4
1.7
1.3
1.6
19.4
51.7
2.4
2.4
3.4

121.4
7.7
1.9
4.4
1.7
1.3
1.7
19.4
51.3
2.4
2.4
3.3

516.2
31.6
14.2
24.3
13.4
8.7
15.4
47.7

528.8
32.2
15.1
24.8
13.8
9.8
15.9
49.1
214.2
17.6
10.3
11.1

525.8
32.2
15.1
25.1
13.7
9.6
16.1
49.2

213.0
17.4
10.4
10.7

329.4
16.1
11.0
10.8
7.3
6.4
7.2
58.8
82.4
8.2
5.2

7.3
1.4

7.4
1.4

7.5
1.4

39.3
6.3

41.7
6.6

36.4
1.3
1.3
1.9

36.0
1.4
1.3
1.7

129.5
6.3
7.4
10.5

29.4

36.2
1.4
1.3
1.7
29.8

29.6

92.4

2.0

1.9

1.9

9.4

1.2
4.5
1.3
3.7
27.0
52.1
39.5

51.4
39.8
8.8

8.9

Combined with construction.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.




1.3
3.7
27.6

13.5
6.5

206.2
17.1
9.7

18.4
9.1
8.9

131.4

15.8

18.6

9.0

9.5

8.9

8.9

315.2

340.2
17.1
11.4

15.8
9.8
10.4
7.8
5.5
6.6
57.3
80.3
8.3

11.2
7.9
6.1
7.5

59.3

6.1

4.9
5.6

86.8
8.8
5.6
6.2

39.5
6.5

56.0
4.9

49.2
4.6

55.4
4.9

134.1
6.3

134.5
6.3

7.7
11.6
95.3

7.7
11.7

290.6
16.4
18.7
18.9

295.1
16.2
18.6
21.9

292.2
16.4
18.4
21.8

95.8

172.6

172.4

170.4

8.3

8.5

13.2

14.3

13.2

All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1989 benchmarks, and industry
detail are classified in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) Manual.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

Mining

Construction
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.46
12.54
12.80
13.25

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
525.81
531.70
541.44
569.75

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4
37.8'
37.9
37.9

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.48
12.71
13.08
13.52

367.78
399.26
426.82
442,97
458.51
464.46
466.75
480.44
495.73
512.41

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964..
1965..
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969..

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33
101.84
107.73
114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60

1970..
1971 ..
1972..
1973..
1974 ..
1975..
1976..
1977 ..
1978..
1979..

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

1980..
1981 ..
1982..
1983..
1984..
1985..
1986..
1987..
1988..
1989..

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8
34.8
34.7
34.6

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76
8.98
9.28
9.66

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85
312.50
322.02
334.24

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2
42.4
42.3
43.0

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages
95.45
98.82

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1989:
October
November..
December..
1990:
January
February ....
March
April
May
June
July
August
September"
October" ....

34.8
34.5
34.6

34.1
34.2
34.3
34.4
34.4
34.8
34.9
34.8
34.8
34.4

$9.81
9.81
9.84

$341.39
338.45
340.46

44.1
43.8
43.7

$13.23
13.27
13.46

$583.44
581.23
588.20

39.2
38.0
37.0

$13.71
13.69
13.84

$537.43
520.22
512.08

9.87

336.57
338.92
340.60
342.97
342.97
347.30
349.00
348.00
353.92
349.85

43.6
43.3
43.0
43.1
43.2
44.4
43.6
44.0
45.0
44.8

13.46
13.46
13.57
13.66
13.56
13.66
13.69
13.63
13.81
13.77

586.86
582.82
583.51
588.75
585.79
606.50
596.88
599.72
621.45
616.90

37.6
37.3
37.9
37.3
38.2
39.1
38.3
39.0
39.1
38.0

13.59
13.59
13.63
13.58
13.68
13.63
13.70
13.74
13.92
13.90

510.98
506.91
516.58
506.53
522.58
532.93
524.71
535.86
544.27
528.20

9.91
9.93

9.97
9.97

9.98
10.00
10.00
10.17
10.17

See footnotes at end of table.




79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 19§4 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing
Year and
month

Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Wholesale trade

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.60
2.73
2.87
3.04
3.23

$102.36
106.27
111.08
115.85
121.89
129.74

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.4
39.4
39.2
38.8
38.6
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.43
3.64
3.85
4.07
4.38
4.72
5.02
5.39
5.88
6.39

136.91
143.68
151.42
159.74
170.11
182.42
194.15
208.76
227.87
247.65

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.2
38.8
38.9

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70
12.03
12.26
12.61

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64
471.58
475.69
490.53

38.4
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.1
38.1
38.0

6.95
7.55
8.08
8.54
8.88
9.15
9.34
9.59
9.98
10.39

267 13
290.75
309.23
328 25
341.78
351.08
357.57
365.30
380.24
394.82

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

39 8
39.9
40 5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40 4
40.2

3 35
3.57
3 82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3 66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

39 7
39.8
38.9
40 1
40.7
40.5
40.7
41.0
41.1
41.0

7.27
7.99
8.49
8 83
9.19
9.54
9.73
9.91
10.19
10.49

7.02
7.72
8.25
8 52
8.82
9.16
9.34
9.48
9.73
10.02

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01
406.31
418.81
430.09

Annual averages

1980.
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

..

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1989:
October
November
December
1990:
January
February
March
April
May
. .
June
July
August
September*
October*

40.9
41.1
41.3

$10.54
10.59
10.68

$10.06
10.11
10.20

$431.09
435.25
441.08

39.0
38.7
38.7

$12.74
12.71
12.76

$496.86
491.88
493.81

38.2
38.1
38.2

$10.51
10.56
10.63

$401.48
402.34
406.07

40.6
40.4
40 7
39.8
40 9
41.1
40.5
40.8
41.3
41.0

10.60
10.68
10.75
10.75
10.81
10.85
10.88
10.82
10.94
10.96

10.16
10.25
10.30
10.37
10.36
10.37
10.41
10.33
10.42
10.47

430.36
431.47
437.53
427.85
442.13
445.94
440.64
441.46
451.82
449.36

37.8
38.4
38.7
38.9
38.9
39.4
39.4
39.2
39.3
38.8

12.79
12.87
12.83
12.96
12.82
12.86
12.99
12.96
13.04
13.03

483.46
494.21
496.52
504.14
498.70
506.68
511.81
508.03
512.47
505.56

37.8
37.8
37.9
38.1
38.0
38.2
38.3
38.1
38.3
38.2

10.61
10.66
10.66
10.78
10.73
10.76
10.82
10.77
10.94
10.90

401.06
402.95
404.01
410.72
407.74
411.03
414.41
410.34
419.00
416.38

See footnotes at end of table.

80




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Services
Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$85.77
88.85
92.21
95.70
101.70
108.56

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

$70.05
73.60
76.92
80.30
84.08
90.62

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.79
118.02
122.94
129.34
137.68
147.89
155.51
165.42
178.03
190.92

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

96.52
103.04
110.62
117.49
126.22
134.73
143.53
153.59
163.89
175.36

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.36
8.73
9.06
9.54

209.68
228.73
245.68
263.68
278.04
289.20
304.49
316.37
325.25
341.53

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.6
32.6

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.18
8.49
8.88
9.39

190.98
209.16
225.87
239.04
247.25
256.49
265.93
276.03
289.49
306.11

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Hourly
earnings

1964..
1965..
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969..

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.81
66.65
68.50
70.86
74.93
78.67

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

1970..
1971 ..
1972..
1973..
1974..
1975..
1976..
1977..
1978..
1979..

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.31
87.51
92.03
96.45
102.55
108.63
114.56
121.54
130.14
138.83

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

1980..
1981 ..
1982..
1983..
1984..
1985..
1986..
1987..
1988..
1989..

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2
29.2
29.1
28.9

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03
6.12
6.31
6.53

147.24
157.99
163.83
171.13
174.47
174.81
175.80
178.80
183.62
188.72

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.3
35.9
35.8

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

_L
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1989:
October
November..
December..
1990:
January
February ....
March
April
May
June
July
August
September*5
October* ....
1

28.9
28.6
29.3

$6.61
6.63
6.65

$191.03
189.62
194.85

36.1
35.6
35.6

$9.70
9.67
9.73

$350.17
344.25
346.39

32.8
32.5
32.5

$9.58
9.61
9.68

$314.22
312.33
314.60

28.1
28.3
28.5
29.0
28.8
29.3
29.7
29.4
28.9
28.4

6.73
6.72
6.74
6.75
6.75
6.75
6.74
6.75
6.86
6.86

189.11
190.18
192.09
195.75
194.40
197.78
200.18
198.45
198.25
194.82

35.6
35.7
35.6
36.1
35.5
35.8
36.2
35.7
36.1
35.6

9.80
9.87
9.84
9.97
9.90
9.90
10.00
9.96
10.12
10.09

348.88
352.36
350.30
359.92
351.45
354.42
362.00
355.57
365.33
359.20

32.4
32.4
32.4
32.6
32.3
32.7
33.0
32.8
32.7
32.4

9.72
9.75
9.76
9.82
9.77
9.75
9.79
9.78
9.99
10.02

314.93
315.90
316.22
320.13
315.57
318.83
323.07
320.78
326.67
324.65

J_

Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.
p
= preliminary.




I

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system and are currently
projected from March 1989 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1989 forward are subject to revision.

81

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Total private
Mining

Average weekly hours
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Average overtime hours
Oct.
1990p

34.7

34.8

34.8

34.8

34.4

44.0

44.1

44.0

45.0

44.8

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

43.6
43.3
47.2

43.1
43.4
45.7

42.7
42.9
45.3

43.0
44.0
46.1

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

44.2
44.1

44.4
44.3

43.8
43.7

44.5
44.4

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

42.8
42.7
42.9

43.1
41.7
44.0

43.7
41.8
44.8

45.0
44.0
45.6

14
142

47.3
48.4

47.2
48.3

46.3
47.3

46.6
47.2

38.6

39.2

39.0

39.1

15
152
153
154

37.9
37.1
38.7
38.7

38.3
37.6
38.0
39.1

38.2
37.8
36.9
38.8

38.3
37.3
36.9
39.3

16
161
162

42.6
43.6
42.2

44.2
46.1
43.3

43.3
45.4
42.2

43.5
45.3
42.5

17

37.7
38.8
35.9
39.5
34.9
35.4
35.2

38.2
39.0
36.0
39.5
35.6
35.6
36.5

38.0
38.8
36.4
39.6
35.6
35.7
36.4

38.2
38.7
36.5
39.7
35.7
35.7
36.5

41.2

40.9

40.8

41.3

41.0

4.1

3.9

3.9

4.1

3.8

41.7

41.4

41.3

41.8

41.5

4.1

3.9

3.9

4.1

3.9

40.4
41.1
41.4
41.8
40.1
40.1
39.6
39.4
41.2
41.9
39.0
38.4
38.1
40.4

40.6
41.8
41.8
42.3
39.8

41.0
43.2
41.7
42.2
40.0
40.1
39.7
39.1
40.3
43.0
40.1
39.4
39.2
41.0

40.3

38.7
38.7
38.6
40.5

40.6
42.2
41.3
41.5
40.6
39.7
39.4
39.0
40.3
41.5
40.1
40.3
40.1
40.6

3.8
5.2
4.4
4.7
3.1
3.3
2.6
3.1
3.9
5.1
3.6
2.0
1.6
3.4

3.7
5.4
4.6
4.9
3.3
3.2
2.4
2.7
3.8
5.4
3.2
2.0
1.6
3.2

3.8
5.5
4.3
4.6
3.2
3.0
2.4
2.7
3.8
4.4
3.3
2.9
2.8
3.4

3.8
5.8
4.4
4.8
3.1
3.1
2.8
2.7
3.6
4.9
3.5
2.4
2.4
3.6

40.1
39.3
39.8
38.0
40.0
41.0
40.4
40.4
42.7
40.4

39.8
39.2
39.9
38.4
39.9
38.5
39.9
40.5
41.8
40.0

39.6
39.1
39.5
37.6
41.5
40.5
39.4
41.1
41.4
39.1

39.7
39.1
39.2
38.0
41.0
40.5
39.9
41.2
41.8
39.4

39.2

3.1
2.6
2.8
1.8
2.9
4.1
2.9
3.7
5.1
3.5

3.0
2.6
2.9
2.1
2.5
2.6
2.5
3.7
4.6
3.0

2.8
2.4
2.5
1.8
3.6
3.7
2.7
3.8
3.9
2.5

2.9
2.4
2.3
1.8
3.7
3.7
3.0
4.1
4.5
2.6

,

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

171

172
173
174

175
176

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ..
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251

See footnotes at end of table.

82




2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

2511

2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

40.1
39.5
38.7

41.9
43.8 |

38.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Total private
Mining

Average hourly earnings
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1990 p

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990 p

$9.77

$9.81 $10.00 $10.17 $10.17 $339.02 $341.39 $348.00 $353.92 $349.85

13.29

13.23

13.63

13.81

13.77 584.76

583.44

599.72

621.45

616.90

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

13.63
13.91
12.03

13.69
13.96
11.95

14.27
15.16
12.80

14.41
15.21
12.98

594.27
602.30
567.82

590.04
605.86
546.12

609.33
650.36
579.84

619.63
669.24
598.38

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

12
122

16.31
16.45

16.30
16.44

16.70
16.86

16.80
16.97

720.90
725.45

723.72
728.29

731.46
736.78

747.60
753.47

Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services

13
131
138

12.46
15.46
10.68

12.35
15.54
10.59

12.80
16.17
11.08

13.03
16.53
11.21

533.29
660.14
458.17

532.29
648.02
465.96

559.36
675.91
496.38

586.35
727.32
511.18

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

14
142

11.38
10.87

11.38
10.90

11.60
11.17

11.78
11.40

538.27
526.11

537.14
526.47

537.08
528.34

548.95
538.08

13.65

13.71

13.74

13.92

13.90 526.89

537.43

535.86

544.27

15
152
153
154

12.80
12.17
12.24
13.47

12.84
12.21
12.13
13.49

12.88
12.12
12.97
13.63

13.07
12.27
13.07
13.82

485.12
451.51
473.69
521.29

491.77
459.10
460.94
527.46

492.02
458.14
478.59
528.84

500.58
457.67
482.28
543.13

16
161
162

13.44
13.32
13.49

13.52
13.35
13.60

13.56
13.51
13.58

13.76
13.74
13.78

572.54
580.75
569.28

597.58
615.44
588.88

587.15
613.35
573.08

598.56
622.42
585.65

17

14.06
14.35
13.00
14.92
14.06
14.29
12.34

14.11
14.32
13.03
15.00
14.22
14.57
12.23

14.14
14.41
12.77
15.05
14.23
14.19
12.36

14.31
14.54
13.02
15.24
14.42
14.33
12.41

530.06
556.78
466.70
589.34
490.69
505.87
434.37

539.00
558.48
469.08
592.50
506.23
518.69
446.40

537.32
559.11
464.83
595.98
506.59
506.58
449.90

546.64
562.70
475.23
605.03
514.79
511.58
452.97

10.56

10.54

10.82

10.94

10.96 435.07

431.09

441.46

451.82

449.36

11.11

11.07

11.35

11.49

11.50 463.29

458.30

468.76

480.28

477.25

8.95
11.29
9.11
9.47
7.39
8.82
9.00
8.31
7.45
10.25
6.57
8.36
8.39
8.00

8.96
11.32
9.13
9.50
7.34
8.80
8.97
8.25
7.43
10.22
6.57
8.39
8.45
7.97

9.14
11.49
9.16
9.52
7.57
9.10
9.41
8.52
7.84
10.32
6.58
8.64
8.73
8.25

9.22
11.59
9.23
9.58
7.60
9.19
9.59
8.53
7.80
10.41
6.67
8.64
8.74
8.34

9.13 361.58

363.78
473.18
381.63
401.85
292.13
352.88
354.32
319.28
311.32
447.64
254.26
324.69
326.17
322.79

371.08
484.88
378.31
395.08
307.34
361.27
370.75
332.28
315.95
428.28
263.86
348.19
350.07
334.95

378.02
500.69
384.89
404.28
304.00
368.52
380.72
333.52
314.34
447.63
267.47
340.42
342.61
341.94

367.94

8.40
7.74
7.24
8.45
8.04
8.09
9.43
8.88
9.83
8.67

8.41
7.76
7.29
8.48
7.98
8.04
9.45
8.77
9.80
8.65

8.56
7.94
7.41
8.62
8.26
8.31
9.52
9.10
9.76
8.93

8.64
7.95
7.41
8.70
8.22
8.26
9.72
9.30
9.90
9.01

8.61 336.84

334.72
304.19
290.87
325.63
318.40
309.54
377.06
355.19
409.64
346.00

338.98
310.45
292.70
324.11
342.79
336.56
375.09
374.01
404.06
349.16

343.01
310.85
290.47
330.60
337.02
334.53
387.83
383.16
413.82
354.99

337.51

Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work

171
172
173
174
175
176

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
:
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251

2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

2511

2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

464.02
377.15
395.85
296.34
353.68
356.40
327.41
306.94
429.48
256.23
321.02
319.66
323.20
304.18
288.15
321.10
321.60
331.69
380.97
358.75
419.74
350.27

528.20

See footnotes at end of table.




83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Average overtime hours
Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990 p

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

42.7
43.8
41.8
41.9
41.6
41.9
41.8
42.0
40.4
44.1
45.5
44.1
43.3
42.6
42.1
43.0

43.0
44.0
41.9
42.2
41.6
42.5
41.5
41.0
40.1
44.8
45.1
44.1
45.0
42.5
42.1
42.5

42.7
46.5
41.7
42.1
41.3
40.9
41.6
40.9
39.9
44.5
45.3
43.9
44.1
42.2
42.2
39.7

42.7
45.3
41.9
42.3
41.5
41.4
42.1
40.4
39.7
44.5
45.2
43.5
44.5
42.5
42.5
40.3

42.0

5.5
5.3
4.7
5.6
3.7
3.6
3.9
4.0
3.4
7.4
7.7
6.8
7.4
5.4
3.5
5.0

5.7
5.5
4.7
5.9
3.5
3.7
3.4
3.8
3.3
7.9
7.9
6.7
8.5
5.5
3.7
6.3

5.4
7.4
4.8
5.9
3.6
3.6
4.2
3.7
2.8
7.3
7.2
6.6
7.5
4.9
3.5
3.6

5.3
6.5
4.7
5.8
3.5
3.7
3.8
3.3
3.0
7.2
7.1
6.3
7.4
4.9
3.3
3.2

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum founderies

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

42.8
43.1
43.5
41.5
42.5
42.5
41.6
41.8
43.3
42.9
43.9
44.8
43.8
43.2
40.1
40.2

42.4
42.5
42.8
42.0
41.7
41.8
40.4
40.9
44.0
43.5
43.2
43.2
42.6
42.8
40.2
41.2

42.5
43.2
43.4
44.1
41.8
42.5
44.0
39.3
43.1
42.8
43.1
43.9
43.9
42.3
40.1
40.5

43.2
44.0
44.3
44.4
42.8
43.1
44.1
42.0
43.4
43.0
43.5
43.7
44.7
43.1
40.7
40.8

42.9
43.9

5.2
5.3
5.4
4.8
4.8
5.1
3.6
4.3
5.0
5.1
6.7
7.0
8.3
6.0
3.3
2.9

4.8
5.0
5.2
4.8
4.3
4.6
3.0
4.0
5.2
5.3
5.9
5.4
7.2
5.7
3.0
3.1

5.2
5.8
6.0
5.9
4.8
5.0
5.4
4.1
4.9
5.2
5.9
6.1
7.7
5.4
2.9
3.1

5.5
6.2
6.4
6.1
5.2
5.4
5.8
5.1
5.1
5.2
6.2
6.6
8.6
5.5
3.1
2.9

41.7
44.0
44.4
41.5
41.2
41.1
41.3
40.4
42.8
41.5
42.9
39.8
42.7
40.4
40.4
42.1
41.0
43.3
42.3
41.9
43.3
40.9
41.0
40.7
41.5
41.6
40.5
41.3
40.6
40.4

41.5
43.2
43.4
41.2
41.6
40.4
41.7
40.6
43.2
41.4
42.9
39.9
42.4
40.7
39.9
42.0
40.8
43.2
42.0
41.6
43.0
40.7
40.9
40.6
41.4
41.0
40.3
41.2
40.9
40.3

41.3
43.9
44.1
40.7
40.3
40.4
40.7
39.9
40.6
41.2
42.5
39.4
42.4
40.8
39.1
42.0
40.3
43.8
41.8
42.0
42.3
41.0
40.5
40.0
41.5
41.3
41.6
40.9
43.4
39.7

41.8
43.4
43.8
41.1
40.1
41.2
40.2
39.6
40.3
41.3
42.5
39.2
42.9
40.7
38.4
42.1
40.7
43.7
43.2
42.7
44.5
41.4
41.5
40.8
42.8
40.7
40.2
41.7
43.3
40.6

41.6

4.1
6.4
6.6
3.5
3.0
3.5
3.6
2.5
4.6
4.1
5.3
2.9
4.5
3.2
5.1
4.9
4.0
5.9
4.6
4.3
5.2
3.6
3.6
3.3
4.2
3.6
3.3
3.6
3.4
3.4

3.9
5.8
5.9
3.3
3.4
3.0
3.6
2.5
4.6
3.9
5.0
2.7
4.3
3.2
4.2
4.7
3.8
5.5
4.2
4.0
4.9
3.3
3.5
3.2
4.1
3.1
2.8
3.3
3.2
3.2

3.9
5.5
5.5
3.1
2.8
2.9
3.3
2.6
3.3
3.9
4.9
2.5
4.7
3.5
3.4
4.7
3.4
6.0
4.0
4.3
4.3
3.4
3.8
3.0
5.2
3.4
3.0
3.5
4.0
2.9

4.1
5.7
5.7
3.2
2.8
3.3
3.1
2.7
2.9
3.8
4.8
2.2
4.8
3.5
2.8
5.0
3.7
6.3
4.8
4.3
5.5
3.9
4.3
3.5
5.7
3.6
3.2
3.9
4.3
3.3

34
Fabricated me'tal products
341
Metal cans and shipping containers
3411
Metal cans
342
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws ... 3423,5
3429
Hardware, nee
343
Plumbing and heating, except electric
3432
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
3433
Heating equipment, except electric
344
Fabricated structural metal products
3441
Fabricated structural metal
3442
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3443
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3444
Sheet metal work
3446
Architectural metal work
345
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
3451
Screw machine products
3452
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
346
Metal forgings and stampings
3462
Iron and steel forgings
3465
Automotive stampings
3469
Metal stampings, nee
347
Metal services, nee
3471
Plating and polishing
3479
Metal coating and allied services
348
Ordnance and accessories, nee
3483
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
349
Misc. fabricated metal products
3494
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
3496
Misc. fabricated wire products
See footnotes at end of table.

84



Oct.
1990p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990 p

Oct.
1990 p

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum founderies

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365

12.54
14.40
15.17
11.32
11.18
11.69
12.33
10.50
13.93
14.27
12.01
11.25
14.49
12.18
9.95
9.38

12.50
14.42
15.19
11.43
11.16
11.61
12.25
10.58
13.91
14.27
11.90
11.12
14.30
12.01
9.92
9.35

12.94
14.86
15.61
11.98
11.52
11.94
12.54
10.84
14.60
14.74
12.27
11.55
15.08
12.14
10.32
9.93

13.05
14.99
15.75
12.07
11.68
12.16
12.28
11.12
14.51
14.57
12.42
11.66
15.38
12.33
10.37
9.91

13.07 536.71
15.07 620.64
659.90
469.78
475.15
496.83
512.93
438.90
603.17
612.18
527.24
504.00
634.66
526.18
399.00
377.08

530.00
612.85
650.13
480.06
465.37
485.30
494.90
432.72
612.04
620.75
514.08
480.38
609.18
514.03
398.78
385.22

549.95
641.95
677.47
528.32
481.54
507.45
551.76
426.01
629.26
630.87
528.84
507.05
662.01
513.52
413.83
402.17

563.76
659.56
697.73
535.91
499.90
524.10
541.55
467.04
629.73
626.51
540.27
509.54
687.49
531.42
422.06
404.33

560.70
661.57

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

10.68
14.01
14.86
10.59
9.73
11.00
9.58
9.03
9.61
9.99
10.51
8.30
10.76
10.25
9.30
10.42
9.82
11.01
12.80
13.32
14.48
9.90
8.56
8.55
8.59
11.77
11.63
10.04
10.57
8.52

10.61
13.78
14.66
10.58
9.76
10.98
9.55
9.09
9.44
9.93
10.44
8.30
10.74
10.12
9.26
10.37
9.79
10.94
12.63
13.11
14.31
9.88
8.59
8.56
8.65
11.74
11.63
10.02
10.57
8.53

10.84
14.30
15.10
10.77
9.97
11.09
9.78
9.39
9.58
10.17
10.31
8.53
11.02
10.50
10.01
10.77
10.14
11.38
12.66
12.91
14.25
10.16
9.03
8.95
9.18
11.89
11.62
10.19
10.40
8.86

10.94
14.31
15.14
10.83
10.03
11.16
9.84
9.46
9.61
10.22
10.34
8.55
11.05
10.58
10.05
10.82
10.17
11.46
12.89
12.96
14.44
10.35
9.11
9.02
9.26
11.97
11.82
10.32
10.51
8.98

10.96 445.36
616.44
659.78
439.49
400.88
452.10
395.65
364.81
411.31
414.59
450.88
330.34
459.45
414.10
375.72
438.68
402.62
476.73
541.44
558.11
626.98
404.91
350.96
347.99
356.49
489.63
471.02
414.65
429.14
344.21

440.32
595.30
636.24
435.90
406.02
443.59
398.24
369.05
407.81
411.10
447.88
331.17
455.38
411.88
369.47
435.54
399.43
472.61
530.46
545.38
615.33
402.12
351.33
347.54
358.11
481.34
468.69
412.82
432.31
343.76

447.69
627.77
665.91
438.34
401.79
448.04
398.05
374.66
388.95
419.00
438.18
336.08
467.25
428.40
391.39
452.34
408.64
498.44
529.19
542.22
602.78
416.56
365.72
358.00
380.97
491.06
483.39
416.77
451.36
351.74

457.29
621.05
663.13
445.11
402.20
459.79
395.57
374.62
387.28
422.09
439.45
335.16
474.05
430.61
385.92
455.52
413.92
500.80
556.85
553.39
642.58
428.49
378.07
368.02
396.33
487.18
475.16
430.34
455.08
364.59

455.94

$10.87 $10.90 $11.17 $11.27 $11.23 $464.15
646.05
15.11
14.86
14.75
15.10
503.69
12.55
12.01
12.05
12.49
12.52
529.62
13.38
12.64
13.29
474.66
11.46
11.63
11.59
11.41
393.44
9.85
9.61
9.39
9.79
571.41
13.78
13.66
13.67
13.65
387.24
9.35
9.62
9.22
9.62
381.78
9.46
9.59
9.45
9.68
10.66
470.11
11.03
10.66
10.86
9.87
447.27
9.79
9.83
9.70
9.91
9.57
9.64
425.12
9.79
11.91
11.46
11.43
494.92
11.69
11.74
11.40
485.64
11.40
11.60
427.74
10.19
10.43
10.16
10.29
480.31
11.18
11.17
11.15
11.19

$468.70 $476.96 $481.23 $471.66
684.48
653.84
702.15
_
503.22
525.85
520.83
_
528.34
565.97
559.51
_
476.74
482.65
478.67
_
408.43
400.41
407.79
_
566.89
580.14
567.84
_
383.35
393.46
388.65
379.35
380.72
386.23
_
477.57
490.84
483.27
445.14
_
439.41
442.51
422.04
_
431.09
429.78
515.70
_
530.00
515.53
484.50
_
498.95
489.52
429.00
_
443.28
434.24
475.15
444.24
449.35
-

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-

See footnotes at end of table.




85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
,
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and office
machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
See footnotes at end of table.

86



1987
SIC
Code

35
351

3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556

356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592

3596,9
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365

3651
366
3661

Average weekly hours
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

42.3
42.2
42.9
41.9
41.3
42.0
42.5
42.4
42.3
43.2
42.7
41.0
43.2
43.5
43.7
43.9
41.6
43.0
42.1
42.7
37.6
41.9
42.2
39.8
43.8
44.1
40.8
41.5
42.3
42.1
42.0

42.0
42.4
44.3
41.7
41.1
41.5
42.4
42.7
42.0
42.5
42.1
40.9
42.9
42.6
43.4
43.7
41.5
42.7
42.0
42.8
38.2
41.5
41.8
40.1
43.1
43.6
40.3
42.1
42.0
42.2
41.9

41.6
41.8
44.0
41.0
40.8
41.5
42.1
40.9
40.9
46.5
40.8
40.4
42.3
40.4
41.7
43.7
41.1
41.4
41.6
42.1
38.4
41.4
41.5
40.6
43.2
43.3
39.1
41.1
41.4
41.8
41.4

42.3
42.6
44.9
41.8
41.5
42.2
43.5
41.7
42.1
49.1
41.7
41.5
42.8
40.5
43.2
43.9
41.6
42.8
41.9
42.2
37.4
41.8
42.3
41.3
44.2
43.8
40.5
40.9
42.3
42.6
42.2

41.3
41.0
41.4
42.5
41.4
42.4

40.5
40.6
40.8
42.1
41.1
42.0

40.2
39.6
39.6
41.8
41.6
41.9

40.6
40.3
40.4
42.3
41.7
42.3

41.2
41.4
41.8
40.9
42.1
42.3
41.8
39.5
36.0
39.0
42.5
40.3
40.4
39.9
41.2
38.7
41.8
41.3
42.6
44.0

41.1
41.3
41.5
41.2
41.7
41.6
41.4
40.3
38.1
40.1
42.6
40.2
40.9
39.9
41.2
39.0
40.8
39.8
42.8
44.3

40.4
41.1
41.9
40.2
41.4
41.0
41.1
38.6
34.3
40.7
40.6
39.8
40.9
39.1
41.0
37.6
40.9
41.1
42.0
43.2

41.2
41.9
42.5
41.4
42.2
41.6
42.7
40.2
38.6
40.9
41.0
39.8
39.2
39.3
41.3
38.0
42.3
42.4
42.3
43.9

Average overtime hours
Oct.
1990 p

42.0

40.8

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

4.3
3.8
6.0
3.0
3.7
4.3
4.4
4.4
4.6
4.8
4.9
3.1
5.2
5.3
5.9
6.0
4.2
3.8
4.9
4.2
4.7
4.4
4.4
2.9
5.9
5.5
3.0
4.1
4.9
3.4
3.6

4.0
4.0
7.0
3.0
3.2
3.8
4.0
3.8
4.7
4.5
4.4
3.0
5.0
4.7
5.5
5.9
4.0
3.8
4.3
3.9
3.3
4.0
4.1
3.4
5.3
4.5
2.7
4.9
4.6
3.2
3.5

3.9
4.1
6.0
3.4
3.4
4.1
3.7
2.6
4.0
6.3
3.9
2.5
4.6
3.5
3.6
5.9
3.5
3.4
3.9
3.6
4.0
3.8
3.9
3.8
5.8
4.4
2.8
4.0
3.6
3.0
3.2

4.3
4.4
7.1
3.4
3.9
4.3
4.1
2.2
4.4
7.4
4.5
2.8
5.0
3.6
4.8
6.2
3.7
4.1
4.2
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.5
4.1
6.5
4.6
3.3
4.9
4.3
3.3
3.6

2.7
3.1
3.3
4.7
3.8
4.7

2.0
2.6
2.8
4.5
3.5
4.5

2.5
2.7
2.8
4.6
4.6
4.6

3.0
2.9
2.9
4.9
4.4
5.0

3.5
3.0
3.1
3.0
4.0
4.5
3.4
2.6
1.6
1.3
4.5
3.0
2.8
2.8
3.3
2.3
4.0
3.2
3.0
3.4

3.3
2.9
3.1
2.8
3.6
4.0
2.8
2.7
1.8
1.4
4.1
2.9
2.9
2.9
2.8
2.6
3.4
2.4
2.9
3.2

3.2
3.1
3.5
2.6
3.2
3.1
3.0
2.5
2.0
3.2
2.2
3.0
3.8
2.7
2.2
2.9
3.4
2.7
3.1
3.6

3.5
3.6
4.0
3.1
3.4
3.3
3.3
2.6
1.8
2.6
2.6
3.2
3.9
2.7
2.8
2.6
4.1
3.4
3.5
4.3

Oct.
1990p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and office
machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Eiectric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus

1987
SIC
Code

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571

Average hourly earnings
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1989

$11.46 $11.48 $11.80 $11.93 $11.91 $484.76
14.12
591.64
14.02
14.61
14.69
14.62
14.45
619.91
15.00
15.10
13.93
13.87
14.45
581.15
14.53
10.97
11.00
11.26
11.41
454.30
11.89
11.80
12.14
12.25
495.60
11.65
11.59
11.81
11.99
492.58
13.00
12.93
13.32
13.59
548.23
11.63
11.53
11.92
11.97
487.72
11.26
11.22
11.14
11.39
484.70
10.28
10.32
10.62
10.80
440.66
10.23
10.15
10.56
10.54
416.15
11.96
11.95
12.31
12.45
516.24
11.80
11.81
12.25
12.37
513.74
12.25
12.16
12.27
12.59
531.39
12.69
12.71
12.97
13.13
557.97
10.60
10.59
10.93
11.05
440.54
9.96
9.38
9.41
9.98
404.63
11.99
11.61
11.65
11.90
490.47
10.24
10.32
9.84
417.61
9.78
14.08
14.00
13.29
508.35
13.52
11.82
11.68
11.56
11.59
485.62
11.48
11.30
10.97
10.94
461.67
11.95
11.92
11.30
11.30
449.74
12.33
11.96
11.76
11.63
509.39
11.78
11.78
11.00
10.88
479.81
10.09
9.81
401.88
9.90
9.85
11.77
11.63
11.57
11.51
477.67
11.02
10.56
10.78
10.41
440.34
11.49
11.06
11.50
11.00
463.10
11.87
11.63
11.97
11.47
481.74

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

$482.16
598.69
647.67
580.88
450.87
493.44
493.96
555.10
488.46
478.55
432.79
418.41
513.08
502.68
531.65
554.55
439.90
400.53
487.62
421.15
507.68
479.74
458.55
453.13
506.86
479.60
395.34
489.62
443.52
466.73
487.30

$490.88
610.70
660.00
592.45
459.41
503.81
497.20
544.79
487.53
518.01
433.30
426.62
520.71
494.90
511.66
566.79
449.22
413.17
495.04
434.47
537.60
483.55
468.95
483.95
516.67
510.07
387.09
475.53
446.29
480.70
495.56

$504.64 $500.22
625.79
677.99
607.35
473.52
516.95
521.57
566.70
503.94
559.25
450.36
437.41
532.86
500.99
543.89
576.41
459.68
426.29
502.38
432.13
526.59
494.08
485.60
493.54
544.99
515.96
408.65
481.39
466.15
489.47
500.91

3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9

10.18
10.67
10.73
11.36
13.26
10.96

10.24
10.63
10.71
11.37
13.28
10.96

10.99
11.03
11.24
11.57
12.45
11.22

11.07
11.22
11.43
11.69
12.52
11.37

420.43
437.47
444.22
482.80
548.96
464.70

414.72
431.58
436.97
478.68
545.81
460.32

441.80
436.79
445.10
483.63
517.92
470.12

449.44
452.17
461.77
494.49
522.08
480.95

36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661

10.13
9.66
9.33
10.00
10.05
10.25
9.79
10.00
11.65
11.89
7.49
9.92
11.31
9.78
9.45
7.32
9.47
9.86
11.18
11.81

10.08
9.68
9.35
10.03
9.98
10.18
9.70
10.05
11.66
11.93
7.49
9.90
11.29
9.78
9.50
7.38
9.33
9.80
11.09
11.67

10.33
10.29
10.05
10.54
9.98
9.87
10.15
10.07
11.05
12.47
7.53
10.11
11.42
9.87
9.37
7.61
9.82
10.21
11.06
11.61

10.43
10.39
10.11
10.68
10.00
9.88
10.20
10.21
11.32
12.60
7.54
10.22
11.44
10.04
9.41

10.45 417.36
399.92
389.99
409.00
423.11
433.58
409.22
395.00
419.40
463.71
318.33
399.78
456.92
390.22
389.34
283.28
395.85
407.22
476.27
519.64

414.29
399.78
388.03
413.24
416.17
423.49
401.58
405.02
444.25
478.39
319.07
397.98
461.76
390.22
391.40
287.82
380.66
390.04
474.65
516.98

417.33
422.92
421.10
423.71
413.17
404.67
417.17
388.70
379.02
507.53
305.72
402.38
467.08
385.92
384.17
286.14
401.64
419.63
464.52
501.55

429.72
435.34
429.68
442.15
422.00
411.01
435.54
410.44
436.95
515.34
309.14
406.76
448.45
394.57
388.63
287.66
424.69
448.59
475.03
518.90

7.57
10.04
10.58
11.23
11.82

Oct.
1990p

426.36

See footnotes at end of table.




87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Electric components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990 p

Average overtime hours
Oct.
I99OP

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990 p

3.7
3.7
4.6
3.1
4.2
4.6
4.7

3.5
3.9
4.3
2.9
3.9
4.6
4.1

3.4
3.9
4.4
2.4
3.8
5.2
3.6

3.6
3.8
4.6
2.7
4.1
5.9
3.8

367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

40.6
41.3
40.5
40.4
42.7
43.0
43.4

40.5
42.6
40.8
40.2
42.3
42.9
42.5

39.8
41.8
39.4
39.4
41.6
42.5
41.2

40.5
41.6
40.8
39.9
42.0
44.1
41.3

Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

42.8
43.4
43.6
42.6
43.6
40.3
42.7
42.7
42.9
42.5
40.6
41.4
39.4
44.1
43.0
43.1
40.4
39.2

41.3
43.0
43.9
41.7
42.8
40.0
38.1
35.1
43.0
39.2
40.2
40.9
39.1
42.7
43.6
44.2
40.0
38.4

41.8
42.4
41.9
42.2
43.0
41.2
41.9
41.3
42.3
42.5
40.1
41.0
38.3
40.0
42.0
42.0
39.6
38.2

42.9
44.0
44.2
43.0
44.4
41.5
42.3
41.4
43.5
42.7
40.1
41.1
37.8
42.5
42.5
42.9
39.5
38.9

42.5
43.5

4.8
4.9
5.0
4.4
5.2
2.7
5.4
5.6
5.6
5.1
3.2
3.5
2.8
4.9
4.6
4.8
2.8
2.0

4.4
4.6
5.0
3.5
4.6
2.1
4.9
4.6
5.7
4.7
2.6
2.8
2.3
4.3
4.8
5.1
2.7
1.8

4.3
4.6
4.3
3.7
5.1
3.7
4.5
4.0
5.4
4.7
3.1
3.6
2.2
3.5
3.8
4.1
2.9
2.2

4.8
5.4
5.3
5.1
5.8
3.3
4.7
4.1
6.0
4.6
2.9
3.2
2.3
4.1
4.1
4.4
3.0
2.4

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

40.9
41.2
41.0
39.9
42.1
40.0
40.6
40.8
40.2
39.5
42.4
38.9

41.0
41.1
41.3
40.0
41.5
41.3
40.7
40.7
40.6
39.0
42.0
39.5

40.9
40.5
41.2
40.6
42.1
41.6
41.0
40.6
40.9
39.0
42.1
39.3

41.4
40.9
41.9
41.0
42.2
42.5
41.0
40.7
41.0
39.1
42.6
41.3

41.2

2.7
2.5
2.6
2.2
3.6
2.1
2.9
3.3
2.4
2.8
3.3
2.1

2.7
2.5
2.6
2.0
3.5
2.1
2.9
3.2
2.5
2.7
3.0
2.4

2.9
2.3
2.7
2.6
3.9
2.0
3.4
3.9
2.9
2.5
3.6
2.1

3.2
2.5
3.0
2.7
4.0
2.2
3.5
3.8
3.3
2.7
4.3
3.3

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

39.3
38.6
38.5
38.5
39.2
38.7
39.6
40.7
38.3
37.7
39.7
40.2

39.7
39.4
39.5
39.4
39.6
39.1
40.0
41.0
39.6
40.0
39.8
40.4

39.7
38.9
38.6
41.1
39.9
39.8
40.0
40.7
40.6
41.7
39.4
39.8

40.0
39.3
38.7
40.6
40.4
40.0
40.8
40.8
40.1
40.8
39.6
40.3

40.1

2.9
2.5
2.5
2.0
2.6
1.9
3.2
2.9
3.5
4.1
3.1
3.4

3.0
3.5
3.7
2.0
2.7
2.5
2.9
3.1
3.0
3.7
3.0
3.6

2.8
2.4
2.7
2.2
3.0
2.6
3.2
2.5
3.9
5.2
2.7
3.0

3.0
2.9
2.9
2.1
3.2
2.6
3.6
2.5
2.9
3.6
3.1
3.4

20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037

40.5
41.5
41.8
43.3
41.7
40.8
41.4
39.6
42.4
41.3
44.1
41.0
41.4

40.3
41.1
41.1
42.3
41.1
40.3
40.7
39.5
41.5
40.7
44.2
39.9
41.5

40.3
41.5
40.4
41.4
41.9
39.2
40.5
38.9
41.1
42.6
44.8
43.5
40.8

40.6
41.9
41.2
42.6
42.3
39.9
41.7
40.1
42.7
43.4
45.7
43.6
44.1

40.3
41.0

4.1
5.4
5.5
6.9
5.7
4.5
4.7
3.9
5.4
6.5
8.5
7.4
6.3

3.8
4.8
4.9
5.7
4.8
4.4
4.0
3.4
4.7
5.3
8.9
5.7
5.6

3.9
5.3
4.6
5.2
5.5
3.8
4.4
3.5
4.6
6.8
7.0
7.6
6.3

4.1
5.6
5.2
6.4
6.0
4.1
4.9
4.0
5.5
7.3
9.4
7.9
8.0

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
See footnotes at end of table.

88




Oct.
1990 p

3.8

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Electric components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1987
SIC
Code

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

$9.70
11.21
11.94
9.12
11.12
12.08
11.87

$9.65 $10.08 $10.12
11.16 12.10 12.10
11.73 12.32 12.38
9.08
9.49
9.50
11.03 11.33 11.46
11.92 12.56 12.74
11.82 12.03 12.18

Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

13.86
14.45
16.77
12.14
13.42
9.47
14.34

13.82
14.42
16.80
11.92
13.38
9.41
14.35

Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk

Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables

20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

14.07
14.54
17.19
12.27
13.51
9.67
14.82

Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

$393.82
462.97
483.57
368.45
474.82
519.44
515.16

$390.83
475.42
478.58
365.02
466.57
511.37
502.35

$401.18
505.78
485.41
373.91
471.33
533.80
495.64

$409.86
503.36
505.10
379.05
481.32
561.83
503.03

570.77
620.06
737.52
497.06
572.66
376.40
546.74

588.13
616.50
720.26
517.79
580.93
398.40
620.96

613.90 $612.85
653.40 652.50
775.27
551.26
608.28
404.21
631.96

$626.08
503.33
426.12
469.94
352.68
553.82
607.78

$629.85
571.20
440.70
487.49
345.47
535.60
609.84

$656.85
576.88
444.31
489.91
345.87
578.43
623.05

14.31 $14.42 593.21
14.85 15.00 627.13
731.17
17.54
517.16
12.82
585.11
13.70
381.64
9.74
612.32
14.94

Sept.
1990p

$14.62 $14.56 $14.89 $15.10
12.88 12.84 13.44 13.51
10.62 10.60 10.99 11.08
11.54 11.49 11.89 11.92
9.04
9.02
9.15
9.02
12.90 12.97 13.39 13.61
13.93 13.94 14.52 14.66

$627.20
547.40
431.17
477.76
356.18
568.89
598.99

$10.77 $10.75 $10.79 $10.89
9.29
9.31
9.02
8.85

$435.11 $430.00 $427.28 $430.16
364.17 357.50 344.56 344.27

10.94
14.03
10.30
9.22
9.81
10.46
9.46
9.44
9.23
7.79
13.55
7.44

10.97
14.06
10.38
9.24
9.91
10.50
9.49
9.51
9.26
7.87
13.44
7.46

11.35
14.77
10.74
9.47
10.64
10.83
9.86
9.95
9.54
8.27
14.10
7.76

8.36
8.98
9.00
8.43
7.68
7.27
8.01
8.34
7.36
6.62
8.92
9.72

8.36
9.08
9.13
8.50
7.66
7.30
7.94
8.50
7.11
6.29
8.93
9.72

8.59
9.22
9.21
8.65
8.01
7.73
8.22
8.85
7.40
6.70
9.08
9.83

9.81
9.37
7.90
8.85
9.38
6.67
10.36
9.67
10.76
8.45
10.62
8.51
7.51

9.81
9.33
7.78
8.66
9.19
6.65
10.28
9.55
10.71
8.51
10.68
8.54
7.58

10.12
9.55
7.98
8.76
9.28
6.93
10.54
9.67
11.00
8.71
11.79
8.80
7.70

Oct.
1990p

11.47 $11.48 447.45
14.80
578.04
10.86
422.30
367.88
9.60
413.00
10.74
418.40
11.04
384.08
10.03
385.15
10.13
371.05
9.73
307.71
8.28
574.52
14.37
289.42
7.69

449.77
577.87
428.69
369.60
411.27
433.65
386.24
387.06
375.96
306.93
564.48
294.67

464.22
598.19
442.49
384.48
447.94
450.53
404.26
403.97
390.19
322.53
593.61
304.97

474.86 $472.98
605.32
455.03
393.60
453.23
469.20
411.23
412.29
398.93
323.75
612.16
317.60

8.62
9.22
9.21
8.71
8.00
7.71
8.22
8.84
7.29
6.44
9.18
9.93

8.68 328.55
346.63
346.50
324.56
301.06
281.35
317.20
339.44
281.89
249.57
354.12
390.74

331.89
357.75
360.64
334.90
303.34
285.43
317.60
348.50
281.56
251.60
355.41
392.69

341.02
358.66
355.51
355.52
319.60
307.65
328.80
360.20
300.44
279.39
357.75
391.23

344.80
362.35
356.43
353.63
323.20
308.40
335.38
360.67
292.33
262.75
363.53
400.18

348.07

10.20
9.56
8.00
8.80
9.39
6.88
10.66
9.77
11.14
8.67
11.67
8.52
7.93

10.23 397.31
9.58 388.86
330.22
383.21
391.15
272.14
428.90
382.93
456.22
348.99
468.34
348.91
310.91

395.34
383.46
319.76
366.32
377.71
268.00
418.40
377.23
444.47
346.36
472.06
340.75
314.57

407.84
396.33
322.39
362.66
388.83
271.66
426.87
376.16
452.10
371.05
528.19
382.80
314.16

414.12
400.56
329.60
374.88
397.20
274.51
444.52
391.78
475.68
376.28
533.32
371.47
349.71

412.27
392.78

See footnotes at end of table.




89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Average overtime hours
Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

44.8
49.5
42.2
40.2
39.3

44.2
47.8
42.8
40.2
39.3

45.3
49.5
42.4
39.6
39.3

46.1
50.2
43.0
39.7
39.2

6.5
9.1
5.4
4.3
4.4

5.9
8.2
5.5
4.3
4.4

6.5
8.0
5.4
4.2
4.3

7.2
9.0
6.0
4.3
4.4

209

42.0
41.5
45.0
50.9
38.8
40.3
44.8
41.4
42.9
40.7
39.2

42.1
41.3
47.8
50.9
41.3
39.7
45.0
41.5
42.9
40.2
39.4

40.3
41.3
41.9
45.9
40.0
40.3
44.1
41.7
43.3
41.7
41.6

40.6
40.9
43.3
49.5
37.9
39.7
44.5
42.7
43.8
41.9
39.8

4.1
4.6
3.8
13.4
5.3
3.7
6.8
4.2
6.0
3.4
4.5

4.1
4.6
7.0
12.8
5.8
3.5
6.7
4.3
5.8
2.9
4.5

4.0
4.4
4.0
9.3
3.5
3.8
6.0
4.9
7.0
4.4
5.8

4.1
4.4
4.7
12.0
4.6
3.5
6.7
5.3
6.9
4.4
4.6

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

40.3
39.2

40.3
40.1

39.4
40.0

40.9
41.3

40.4

3.0
3.0

3.2
3.6

1.7
1.8

3.3
3.6

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225

41.0
41.9
41.1
40.7
41.2
39.7
38.7
39.4
39.4
39.4
41.6
42.3
43.6
42.0
41.9
40.7
41.0
38.0
42.3

40.9
42.0
41.1
39.8
40.3
39.7
39.0
38.9
39.5
40.1
41.0
42.0
43.0
42.2
42.1
40.7
41.1
38.1
42.0

40.3
39.9
41.1
40.7
40.5
38.8
37.1
38.8
38.8
38.0
39.9
41.2
41.0
42.0
42.8
40.1
40.7
36.3
41.8

40.4
40.8
41.3
39.1
40.6
38.8
37.8
38.0
38.5
38.2
40.4
42.2
42.6
43.0
43.0
39.9
40.6
36.2
41.5

40.2

4.2
4.7
4.2
3.4
3.4
3.7
2.8
3.2
4.2
1.8
4.9
5.2
5.6
5.2
4.5
4.1
4.3
2.7
4.5

4.1
4.9
4.2
2.9
3.3
3.7
2.9
3.1
4.6
2.3
4.4
5.1
5.3
5.1
4.4
4.0
4.3
2.7
4.3

3.9
4.6
4.1
3.2
2.9
3.2
2.9
2.3
3.5
2.0
3.5
4.8
4.6
5.3
4.9
3.8
4.1
2.4
4.1

3.9
4.6
4.2
2.8
2.9
3.1
2.8
2.0
3.5
2.1
3.8
5.3
5.5
5.9
4.9
3.5
3.9
1.8
3.9

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girl's and children's outerwear
Girl's and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232

36.9
35.9
37.1
37.3
36.1
36.5
34.8
34.6
34.1
35.6
34.9
37.9
38.4
35.6
37.4
36.9
38.1
39.7
36.6
40.5
40.5

37.1
35.8
37.1
36.9
35.8
36.6
35.2
35.3
33.8
34.7
35.9
38.2
38.8
35.3
37.4
37.6
38.0
39.7
36.5
40.7
41.5

36.7
36.0
36.6
36.0
35.8
37.5
35.2
35.8
34.1
36.1
35.4
37.9
38.5
35.0
36.6
36.4
36.9
39.2
36.6
39.3
41.5

36.7
35.8
36.3
35.2
35.6
37.6
35.0
35.8
33.5
35.6
35.3
38.3
38.7
36.6
36.5
36.5
37.5
39.8
36.5
40.3
41.9

36.7

2.0
1.1
1.6
1.6
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.2
1.6
2.3
1.5
1.7
1.8
1.2
1.8
1.7
2.4
3.4
2.4
3.5
4.0

2.0
1.1
1.6
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.1
1.5
2.0
1.7
2.0
2.1
1.4
1.9
2.1
2.7
3.4
2.2
3.9
4.4

1.7
.9
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.6
1.0
1.4
2.4
1.6
1.5
1.7
.5
1.4
1.8
1.3
2.9
1.4
3.0
4.1

1.8
.9
1.3
.9
1.4
1.6
1.4
1.0
1.0
2.2
1.5
1.7
1.7
1.5
1.4
1.9
1.7
3.4
1.8
3.9
4.5

See footnotes at end of table.

90




204
2041
2048
205
2051

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086

2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228

2281
2282
229

2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337

2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391

2392
2396

I

Oct.
1990p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw cane sugar
Cane sugar refining
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1987
SIC
Code

204
2041
2048
205
2051

Average hourly earnings
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990"

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1990p

$11.48 $11.36 $11.69 $11.64
10.77
10.89
10.95
10.87
9.14
8.77
8.83
8.99
10.48
10.87
10.93
10.49
10.47
10.98
10.93
10.49

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

$514.30
542.03
372.63
421.70
412.26

$502.11
520.54
375.36
421.30
411.47

$529.56
538.07
381.18
432.83
429.55

$536.60
540.65
393.02
431.54
430.42

Oct.
1990p

2052,3
206
2061
2062
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209

10.48
10.02
9.74
14.42
10.67
8.81
10.19
13.11
18.19
10.35
8.89

10.49
9.50
8.88
14.10
9.01
8.58
9.85
13.35
18.23
10.43
8.82

10.91
10.29
10.13
14.36
11.85
9.00
10.20
13.48
18.65
10.78
8.95

10.68
10.15
10.17
14.49
11.04
8.83
10.29
13.58
18.71
10.92
8.99

440.16
415.83
438.30
733.98
414.00
355.04
456.51
542.75
780.35
421.25
348.49

441.63
392.35
424.46
717.69
372.11
340.63
443.25
554.03
782.07
419.29
347.51

439.67
424.98
424.45
659.12
474.00
362.70
449.82
562.12
807.55
449.53
372.32

433.61
415.14
440.36
717.26
418.42
350.55
457.91
579.87
819.50
457.55
357.80

Tobacco products
Cigarettes

21
211

14.71
18.97

14.91
19.13

16.34
19.41

16.12 $15.66 592.81
19.86
743.62

600.87
767.11

643.80
776.40

659.31
820.22

$632.66

Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

7.74
8.05
8.39
8.37
7.13
7.08
6.84
6.84
6.84
6.99
7.76
8.23
8.17
8.57
8.02
7.46
7.45
7.64
8.62

7.76
8.05
8.39
8.52
7.16
7.12
6.84
6.80
6.94
7.08
7.75
8.25
8.18
8.56
7.99
7.47
7.47
7.56
8.60

8.04
8.35
8.66
8.57
7.41
7.40
6.86
7.07
7.31
7.40
8.04
8.43
8.36
8.79
8.24
7.74
7.73
7.97
9.12

8.09
8.41
8.73
8.64
7.43
7.42
6.95
7.07
7.33
7.38
8.05
8.53
8.49
8.87
8.28
111
7.78
7.95
9.14

8.10

317.34
337.30
344.83
340.66
293.76
281.08
264.71
269.50
269.50
275.41
322.82
348.13
356.21
359.94
336.04
303.62
305.45
290.32
364.63

317.38
338.10
344.83
339.10
288.55
282.66
266.76
264.52
274.13
283.91
317.75
346.50
351.74
361.23
336.38
304.03
307.02
288.04
361.20

324.01
333.17
355.93
348.80
300.11
287.12
254.51
274.32
283.63
281.20
320.80
347.32
342.76
369.18
352.67
310.37
314.61
289.31
381.22

326.84
343.13
360.55
337.82
301.66
287.90
262.71
268.66
282.21
281.92
325.22
359.97
361.67
381.41
356.04
310.02
315.87
287.79
379.31

325.62

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girl's and children's outerwear
Girl's and children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396

6.41
7.16
5.82
5.72
5.74
5.62
6.14
5.36
6.52
6.64
6.07
6.02
5.86
6.84
5.74
5.71
6.25
7.72
6.53
6.51
11.60

6.39
7.25
5.81
5.73
5.71
5.58
6.12
5.32
6.53
6.59
6.06
6.00
5.83
6.88
5.74
5.70
6.30
7.67
6.43
6.44
11.57

6.62
7.33
6.07
5.98
5.96
5.91
6.33
5.61
6.79
7.05
6.14
6.20
6.09
6.81
5.99
5.87
6.44
7.92
6.57
6.70
11.30

6.69
7.28
6.11
5.99
6.02
5.95
6.38
5.66
6.80
7.11
6.20
6.26
6.15
6.83
6.04
5.87
6.48
8.06
6.60
6.82
11.52

6.67

236.53
257.04
215.92
213.36
207.21
205.13
213.67
185.46
222.33
236.38
211.84
228.16
225.02
243.50
214.68
210.70
238.13
306.48
239.00
263.66
469.80

237.07
259.55
215.55
211.44
204.42
204.23
215.42
187.80
220.71
228.67
217.55
229.20
226.20
242.86
214.68
214.32
239.40
304.50
234.70
262.11
480.16

242.95
263.88
222.16
215.28
213.37
221.63
222.82
200.84
231.54
254.51
217.36
234.98
234.47
238.35
219.23
213.67
237.64
310.46
240.46
263.31
468.95

245.52
260.62
221.79
210.85
214.31
223.72
223.30
202.63
227.80
253.12
218.86
239.76
238.01
249.98
220.46
214.26
243.00
320.79
240.90
274.85
482.69

244.79

See footnotes at end of table.




91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Average overtime hours
Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

26
262
263
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

43.7
45.7
45.7
43.3
44.4
43.1
42.0
42.4
42.1
42.6
41.6

43.4
45.4
45.3
43.0
44.1
41.5
42.0
42.1
42.1
42.4
41.5

43.2
44.5
45.1
42.9
43.4
44.5
42.5
42.1
43.5
41.6
41.9

43.6
45.0
45.9
43.4
44.3
44.1
42.3
42.3
43.1
41.8
41.6

43.8

5.1
4.9
7.9
5.2
5.8
4.8
4.7
4.5
3.2
5.2
3.4

4.9
4.8
7.6
4.9
5.5
4.1
4.5
4.4
3.6
5.4
3.7

4.9
5.1
6.9
5.0
5.5
4.9
4.9
4.2
4.0
4.8
3.8

5.3
5.6
7.3
5.5
6.4
4.7
5.0
4.4
4.1
5.2
4.0

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

38.4
33.4
38.1
39.1
37.9
40.5
36.0
40.2
40.0
40.2
41.5
37.8
39.7

37.9
33.5
38.0
38.4
38.0
38.9
35.8
39.5
39.3
39.7
41.8
37.1
39.2

38.3
33.2
38.8
39.4
38.3
40.7
37.3
39.7
39.4
39.9
41.3
38.2
39.9

38.5
33.2
38.8
39.5
39.5
39.6
36.3
40.2
39.9
40.2
41.4
38.6
40.0

38.3

3.5
1.5
3.7
.3.7
2.3
5.4
2.0
4.3
4.3
3.9
4.2
3.1
4.6

3.1
1.4
3.6
3.0
2.1
4.1
1.8
3.8
3.8
3.5
4.1
3.0
4.2

3.2
1.3
3.6
3.4
2.2
4.9
2.2
3.7
3.8
3.4
3.7
2.9
5.2

3.5
1.4
3.8
3.8
2.4
5.5
1.9
4.3
4.4
4.0
3.9
3.4
4.9

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

42.5
42.7
42.0
43.3
43.6
43.5
41.6
41.5
40.6
42.6
42.0
38.9
41.8
44.5
43.5
44.8
43.8
42.4

42.4
42.8
42.1
43.0
43.9
42.6
41.5
41.4
39.7
42.2
41.1
37.5
41.5
45.0
43.6
45.5
43.6
42.6

42.0
42.2
41.6
41.8
43.5
40.3
41.2
41.3
40.5
42.0
41.6
39.0
42.2
44.6
43.8
44.9
42.9
42.2

42.7
43.1
42.6
42.7
44.1
41.3
41.9
42.1
41.0
41.8
41.9
40.1
42.2
45.3
43.9
45.8
44.5
42.3

42.6

4.5
4.4
4.3
5.1
5.3
4.8
3.9
3.8
3.5
5.5
3.7
2.3
4.3
5.6
5.0
5.8
5.4
4.1

4.3
4.3
4.2
4.9
5.4
4.3
3.9
3.8
2.8
4.9
3.7
1.2
3.8
5.7
5.7
5.8
5.6
4.3

4.2
4.3
4.1
4.4
5.4
3.5
3.7
3.7
3.2
4.9
3.5
2.1
3.9
5.6
5.8
5.6
4.5
4.5

4.6
4.4
4.2
4.9
5.8
3.9
4.1
4.1
3.5
4.9
4.0
2.4
3.7
5.8
6.0
5.8
5.5
4.8

Petroleum and coa! products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

44.4
44.3
46.3

45.2
44.5
48.7

43.8
42.8
48.1

45.2
44.7
48.0

44.5

5.9
5.2
9.3

6.9
6.0
10.8

5.9
4.8
10.3

6.5
5.7
9.9

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

41.3
42.4
40.1
41.3
42.6
41.0
41.2

41.3
43.3
42.6
40.9
41.4
41.3
41.1

41.1
42.0
41.8
42.2
41.6
41.2
40.8

41.6
43.9
41.5
42.4
42.3
41.5
41.3

41.3

3.9
5.0
2.6
2.9
3.6
3.5
3.9

3.7
4.7
3.2
2.8
3.2
3.4
3.7

3.8
4.9
3.7
3.5
3.2
3.3
3.8

4.1
5.2
3.8
3.9
4.1
3.5
4.0

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

38.2
42.0
37.4
37.9
36.4
39.9
37.8

37.9
41.6
36.9
37.4
36.1
40.0
37.9

38.0
42.6
37.1
37.2
37.4
39.2
37.7

37.5
42.2
36.2
36.3
35.9
40.4
38.0

37.3

2.2
4.8
1.8
1.4
1.8
2.9
2.4

2.3
4.2
1.4
1.2
1.5
3.3
4.5

2.1
4.3
1.5
1.0
2.3
2.8
1.8

2.0
4.7
1.3
1.2
1.3
2.7
2.3

Handbags and personal leather goods
See footnotes at end of table.

92




I

I

Oct.
1990p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes

1987
SIC
Code

26
262
263
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677

I

Average hourly earnings
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

$12.04 $12.01 $12.29 $12.43 $12.45 $526.15 $521.23
15.38
15.09
14.76 14.82
674.53 672.83
15.43
15.17
14.96 14.93
683.67 676.33
10.53
10.46
10.16
10.21
442.09 436.88
10.70
10.63
10.36 10.34
459.98 455.99
10.23
10.22
10.19 10.18
439.19 422.47
10.81
10.71
10.47 10.44
439.74 438.48
10.82
10.74
10.53 10.48
446.47 441.21
12.27
12.06
11.77 11.70
495.52 492.57
10.22
10.12
9.95
9.83
418.76 421.88
10.29
10.23
9.83
9.81
408.10 407.95

$530.93
671.51
684.17
448.73
461.34
454.79
455.18
452.15
524.61
420.99
428.64

$541.95 $545.31
692.10
708.24
457.00
474.01
451.14
457.26
457.69
528.84
427.20
428.06

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279

11.07
10.96
11.69
10.02
9.64
10.47
10.17
11.36
11.52
10.96
11.43
8.80
13.40

11.06
10.93
11.89
10.11
9.77
10.53
10.25
11.30
11.41
11.00
11.37
8.85
13.33

11.30
11.25
11.98
10.32
10.27
10.38
10.34
11.60
11.72
11.27
11.75
8.78
13.82

11.41
11.28
12.06
10.49
10.40
10.59
10.28
11.72
11.81
11.50
11.80
9.02
13.82

11.37 425.09
366.06
445.39
391.78
365.36
424.04
366.12
456.67
460.80
440.59
474.35
332.64
531.98

419.17
366.16
451.82
388.22
371.26
409.62
366.95
446.35
448.41
436.70
475.27
328.34
522.54

432.79
373.50
464.82
406.61
393.34
422.47
385.68
460.52
461.77
449.67
485.28
335.40
551.42

439.29
374.50
467.93
414.36
410.80
419.36
373.16
471.14
471.22
462.30
488.52
348.17
552.80

435.47

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2869
287
289

13.20
14.28
14.38
13.58
14.50
12.88
12.64
12.59
11.22
15.17
10.33
9.37
11.76
15.80
15.50
16.08
13.18
12.10

13.27
14.25
14.43
13.57
14.67
12.59
12.75
12.74
11.44
15.29
10.35
9.56
11.70
15.86
15.65
16.10
13.31
12.06

13.57
14.75
14.93
14.02
14.93
13.23
12.92
12.88
11.79
15.56
10.51
10.02
12.11
15.99
16.11
16.14
13.67
12.40

13.63
14.83
15.06
14.16
14.96
13.31
12.93
12.89
11.78
15.65
10.49
10.04
12.11
16.01
16.07
16.17
13.86
12.51

13.76 561.00
609.76
603.96
588.01
632.20
560.28
525.82
522.49
455.53
646.24
433.86
364.49
491.57
703.10
674.25
720.38
577.28
513.04

562.65
609.90
607.50
583.51
644.01
536.33
529.13
527.44
454.17
645.24
425.39
358.50
485.55
713.70
682.34
732.55
580.32
513.76

569.94
622.45
621.09
586.04
649.46
533.17
532.30
531.94
477.50
653.52
437.22
390.78
511.04
713.15
705.62
724.69
586.44
523.28

582.00
639.17
641.56
604.63
659.74
549.70
541.77
542.67
482.98
654.17
439.53
402.60
511.04
725.25
705.47
740.59
616.77
529.17

586.18

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

15.41
16.63
12.50

15.60
16.81
12.87

16.06
17.45
13.18

16.42
17.83
13.38

16.56 684.20
736.71
578.75

705.12
748.05
626.77

703.43
746.86
633.96

742.18
797.00
642.24

736.92

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee

30
301
302
305
3052
306
308

9.50
14.84
6.58
9.34
9.67
9.09
8.92

9.50
15.20
6.54
9.25
9.55
9.08
8.88

9.81
15.47
6.67
9.70
9.93
9.37
9.19

9.90
15.57
6.86
9.80
9.95
9.46
9.25

9.92 392.35
629.22
263.86
385.74
411.94
372.69
367.50

392.35
658.16
278.60
378.33
395.37
375.00
364.97

403.19
649.74
278.81
409.34
413.09
386.04
374.95

411.84
683.52
284.69
415.52
420.89
392.59
382.03

409.70

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

6.65
8.88
6.32
6.80
5.93
6.83
6.04

6.65
8.73
6.33
6.75
5.97
6.80
6.04

6.85
9.00
6.54
7.08
6.13
6.72
5.96

6.97
9.21
6.66
7.26
6.16
6.98
6.07

7.01 254.03
372.96
236.37
257.72
215.85
272.52
228.31

252.04
363.17
233.58
252.45
215.52
272.00
228.92

260.30
383.40
242.63
263.38
229.26
263.42
224.69

261.38
388.66
241.09
263.54
221.14
281.99
230.66

261.47

See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1987
SIC
Code

Transportation and public utilities

Average weekly hours
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

38.9

39.0

39.2

39.3

4011

42.3

42.5

46.3

45.8

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation

41
411
413

33.3
37.8
39.3

33.7
38.2
40.4

34.7
38.2
39.1

32.8
37.9
39.4

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

38.8
38.7
39.3

39.0
38.9
39.9

39.1
39.1
39.2

39.2
39.2
39.4

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

41.5

40.7

41.9

42.2

Transportation services:
Freight transportation arrangement

473

37.3

38.4

37.7

38.0

Communications
Telephone communications
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
483
484

39.4
41.0
35.0
37.7

39.1
40.6
35.5
37.4

39.5
41.2
34.6
38.8

39.8 I
41.3
35.4
38.8

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

42.0
42.0
42.4
42.4
41.8

42.3
42.2
43.0
42.7
42.0

41.4
41.3
41.9
41.2
42.0

42.0
42.1
42.7
41.6
42.3

38.1

38.2

38.1

38.3

Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment.
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509

38.5
37.5
37.1
39.9
38.7
40.1
38.0
38.8
39.0
37.3

38.7
37.8
36.9
40.1
38.8
40.4
38.6
38.8
39.2
37.3

38.7
38.1
37.2
40.0
38.8
40.2
38.6
38.8
39.0
37.1

38.8
38.1
37.6
40.2
39.0
40.6
38.8
38.9
39.2
37.3

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods

51
511
512
513

37.5
36.9
37.3
36.9
38.3
40.2
38.4
36.3
36.6

37.6
37.1
37.6
36.6
38.2
39.9
38.4
36.3
37.0

37.4
37.6
37.0
36.8
37.8
40.0
38.3
36.7
36.7

37.5
37.7
37.2
36.8
38.2
40.1
38.6
36.6
36.5

28.9

28.9

29.4

28.9

514

516
517
518

519

Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

36.5
38.2
32.4

36.3
38.2
32.0

36.6
38.5
32.7

36.4
38.3
32.3

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

28.0
27.9
28.0
28.4

27.7
27.6
28.0
28.2

28.6
28.5
28.7
29.5

28.3
28.2
28.0
29.2

See footnotes at end of table.

94




Average overtime hours
Oct.
1990p

38.8

38.2

28.4

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1987
SIC
Code

Industry

Average hourly earnings

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

| Aug.
1990

Average weekly earnings

Sept.
Oct. I Sept. | Oct. I Aug.
199OP I 1990p
1989 \ 1989
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

!
i
$12.73 $12.74; $12,961 $13.04| $13.03i $495.20 $496.86 $508.03 $512.47! $505.56

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

.4011

16.10|

15.98J

16.05J

685.68

684.25

739.87

8.90

9.001

9.201

9.08!

9.62

9.69;
11.661

9.79 i 9.85
11.20J 11.22J

296.37
363.64
457.85

303.30
370.16
471.06

319.24 297.82
373.98 ! 373.32
437.92 442.07

11.531
11.72!

11.7i| 11.82
11.86! 11.98!
9.58J

445.04
450.47
360.77

449.67
455.91
363.89

457.86
463.73
377.89

463.34
469.62
377.45

16.21

735.09

Local and interurban passenger transit ,
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation .

411
413

11.65

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air .
Public warehousing and storage

42
421
422

11.64
9.18

Pipelines, except natural gas

46

16.22

16.511 16.84

17.36;

673.13

671.96

705.60

732.59

Transportation services:
Freight transportation arrangement

473

11.50

11.56

12.07

12.28

428.95 I 443.90

455.04

466.64

Communications
Telephone communications
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services

48
481
483
484

13.33
14.10
12.24
10.09

13.25
13.98
12.24
10.07|

13.60
14.29
12.70
10.59

13.62
14.31
12.72
10.60

525.20
578.10
428.40
380.39

518.08
567.59
434.52
376.62

537.20 I 542.08
588.75 591.00
439.42 450.29
410.89 411.28

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

14.85
15.18
13.76
17.49
11.46

15.03
15.40
14.211
17.44
11.45

15.12
15.69
14.11
17.44
11.51

15.39
15.97
14.49
17.70
11.70

623.70
637.56
583.42

741.58
479.03

635.77
649.88
611.03
744.69
480.90

625.97
648.00
591.21
718.53
483.42

646.38
672.34
618.72
736.32
494.91

10.48

10.51

10.77

10.94

399.29

401.48

410.34

419.00

10.78
9.65
9.90
10.19
12.37
11.00
11.23
10.19
10.87
8.58

10.84
9.71
9.98
10.23
12.53
11.03
11.30

11.13
9.98
10.19
10.48
13.02
11.29
11.39
10.50
11.12
8.86

11.32
10.13
10.22
10.64
13.29
11.37
11.67
10.76
11.26
8.96

415.03
361.88
367.29
406.58
478.72
441.10
426.74
395.37
423.93
320.03

419.51
367.04
368.26
410.22
486.16
445.61
436.18
398.09
426.50
320.03

430.73
380.24
379.07
419.20
505.18
453.86
439,65
407.40
433.68
328.71

439.22
385.95
384.27
427.73
518.31
461.62
452.80
418.56
441.39
334.21

10.05
10.85
11.64

9.81
10.19
12.67
10.08
11.81
8.35

10.03
10.83
11.69
9.79
10.18
12.62
10.13
11.79
8.34

10.26
10.97
11.87
9.93
10.43
12.41
10.14
11.96
8.62

10.38
11.23
12.21
10.02
10.49
12.67
10.27
12.11
8.75

376.88
400.37
434.17
361.99
390.28
509.33
387.07
428.70
305.61

377.13
401.79
439.54
358.31
388.88
503.54
388.99
427.98
308.58

383.72
412.47
439.19
365.42
394.25
496.40
388.36
438.93
316.35

389.25
423.37
454.21
368.74
400.72
508.07
396.42
443.23
319.38

6.59

6.61

6.75

6.86

190.45

191.03 i 198.45 | 198.25 194.82

52
521
525

7.81
8.16
6.52

7.83
8.19
6.55

7.97
8.30
6.73

8.07
8.42
6.78

285.07
311.71
211.25

284.23
312.86
209.60

291.70
319.55
220.07

293.75
322.49
218.99

53
531
533
539

6.65
6.85
5.35
6.01

6.71
6.92
5.36
6.04

6.80
6.96
5.67
6.37

6.86
7.01
5.69
6.45

186.20
191.12
149.80
170.68

185.87
190.99
150.08
170.33

194.48
198.36
162.73
187.92

194.14
197.68
159.32
188.34

11.47

9.12J

9.64J

!

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509

51
511
|512
513
514
516
517
518
519

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

,

10.26
10.88
8.58

10.90

6.86

416.38

See footnotes at end of table.




95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

54
541
546

30.0
30.2
29.0

29.6
29.7
28.9

30.4
30.5
29.4

29.9
30.1
28.9

Automotive dealers and service stations ...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

55
551
553
554
559

36.2
37.0
38.2
34.1
35.5

36.2
37.0
38.3
34.0
35.8

36.6
37.4
38.8
34.3 !
34.8

36.3
37.2
38.5
33.9
35.1

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

26.9
28.1
24.7
26.9
29.2

26.8
28.1
24.4
27.0
29.1

27.9
29.1
24.9
28.1
31.4

27.2
28.0
24.3
27.5
30.8

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores ...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...

57
571
572
573
5731
5735

33.2
33.6
32.7
32.7
32.4
27.4

33.2
33.6
33.3
32.4
32.3
26.4

33.1
33.5
33.5
32.5
32.2
27.1

33.1
33.4
33.2
32.4
32.2
26.8

Eating and drinking places4

58

25.3

25.5

26.0

25.3

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee

59

29.7
27.5
28.4
33.2
37.9
31.7

29.7
27.1
28.4
33.1
38.9
31.5

30.1
28.3
29.2
33.2
36.6
31.5

29.5
27.5
28.4
32.7
37.0
31.3

35.6

36.1

35.7

36.1

591
594

596
598
599

Finance, insurance, and real estate5
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Credit unions

60
602
606

35.4
35.2
35.8

35.8
35.8
35.9

35.6
35.5
35.9

36.0
36.0
35.9

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions

61
614

37.3
38.0

38.2
38.5

37.5
37.9

38.3
38.4

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

37.7

37.9

37.4

37.5

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

37.1
37.0
37.5
36.9

37.4
37.2
38.1
37.1

37.3
36.9
38.6
37.0

37.8
37.3
38.7
37.6

32.5

32.8

32.8

32.7

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

701

31.3

31.8

31.6

31.3

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

721
723
729

34.1
29.5
24.0

34.4
29.5
23.9

34.0
29.4
24.9

33.9
29.3
25.4

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings

73
731
734

33.2
36.4
29.0

33.5
37.0
29.4

33.3
36.5
28.8

33.2
36.5
28.6

Personnel supply services:
Help supply services

7363

30.6

30.7

31.2

30.6

Computer and data processing services
Miscellaneous business services

737
738

38.1
34.6

38.4
34.7

37.8
34.4

38.3
34.4

See footnotes at end of table.

96




Average overtime hours
Oct.
1990p

35.6

32.4

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
Oct.
1990p i 1990p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

1987
SIC
Code

Average hourly earnings
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

54
541
546

$7.20
7.29
6.13

$7.22
7.31
6.14

$7.32
7.40
6.32

$7.50
7.59
6.40

$216.00 $213.71 $222.53 $224.25
220.16 217.11 225.70 228.46
177.77 177.45 185.81 184.96

Automotive dealers and service stations ...
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee

55
551
553
554
559

8.78
10.97
7.64
5.99
10.56

8.69
10.73
7.65
6.00
10.62

9.03
11.29
7.77
6.22
10.78

9.16
11.45
7.86
6.22
10.92

317.84
405.89
291.85
204.26
374.88

314.58
397.01
293.00
204.00
380.20

330.50
422.25
301.48
213.35
375.14

332.51
425.94
302.61
210.86
383.29

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

6.10
7.46
5.80
6.03
6.11

6.13
7.54
5.79
6.06
6.09

6.22
7.49
5.94
6.17
6.09

6.35
7.71
6.13
6.30
6.14

164.09
209.63
143.26
162.21
178.41

164.28
211.87
141.28
163.62
177.22

173.54
217.96
147.91
173.38
191.23

172.72
215.88
148.96
173.25
189.11

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores ...
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...

57
571
572
573
5731
5735

8.41
8.30
8.77
8.49
8.59
4.85

8.42
8.27
8.78
8.56
8.50
5.00

8.58
8.46
8.88
8.69
8.75
5.31

8.71
8.53
9.05
8.93
9.00
5.36

279.21
278.88
286.78
277.62
278.32
132.89

279.54
277.87
292.37
277.34
274.55
132.00

284.00
283.41
297.48
282.43
281.75
143.90

288.30
284.90
300.46
289.33
289.80
143.65

Eating and drinking places4

58

4.80

4.81

4.98

5.02

121.44

122.66

129.48

127.01

Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee

59
591
594
596
598
599

6.88
6.54
6.45
7.78
9.32
7.07

6.89
6.58
6.43
7.69
9.57
7.10

7.11
6.76
6.66
7.97
9.69
7.47

7.21
6.90
6.78
7.93
9.79
7.54

204.34
179.85
183.18
258.30
353.23
224.12

204.63
178.32
182.61
254.54
372.27
223.65

214.01
191.31
194.47
264.60
354.65
235.31

212.70
189.75
192.55
259.31
362.23
236.00

9.60

9.70

9.96

10.12 $10.09 341.76

350.17

355.57

365.33

Finance, insurance, and real estate5
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Credit unions

60
602
606

8.18
7.89
7.83

8.27
7.97
7.93

8.50
8.12
8.04

8.61
8.22
8.21

289.57
277.73
280.31

296.07
285.33
284.69

302.60
288.26
288.64

309.96
295.92
294.74

Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions

61
614

9.90
8.85

10.04
9.14

10.31
9.16

10.56
9.36

369.27
336.30

383.53
351.89

386.63
347.16

404.45
359.42

Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services

628

13.22

13.24

13.16

13.34

498.39

501.80

492.18

500.25

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

10.75
9.98
10.43
11.52

10.81
10.04
10.50
11.57

11.19
10.37
10.74
12.02

11.33
10.45
10.92
12.16

398.83
369.26
391.13
425.09

404.29
373.49
400.05
429.25

417.39
382.65
414.56
444.74

428.27
389.79
422.60
457.22

9.49

9.58

9.78

9.99

10.02 308.43

314.22

320.78

326.67

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels4

701

6.73

6.75

6.82

7.06

210.65

214.65

215.51

220.98

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
Miscellaneous personal services

721
723
729

6.65
6.98
7.28

6.64
6.96
7.20

6.85
7.20
7.31

6.89
7.13
7.42

226.77
205.91
174.72

228.42
205.32
172.08

232.90
211.68
182.02

233.57
208.91
188.47

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings

73
731
734

9.17
13.12
7.11

9.23
13.37
7.05

9.53
13.37
7.25

9.65
13.85
7.27

304.44
477.57
206.19

309.21
494.69
207.27

317.35
488.01
208.80

320.38
505.53
207.92

Personnel supply services:
Help supply services

7363

7.72

7.73

8.05

8.05

236.23

237.31

251.16

246.33

Computer and data processing services
Miscellaneous business services

737
738

14.32
7.74

14.56
7.75

15.09
7.92

15.32
8.06

545.59
267.80

559.10
268.93

570.40
272.45

586.76
277.26

Oct.
1990p

$359.20

324.65

See footnotes at end of table.




97

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive repair shops

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

75
753

36.7
38.3

37.0
38.4

37.3
39.0

36.9
38.4

Miscellaneous repair services

76

37.8

37.7

38.2

38.2

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ....

78
781

27.4
34.8

28.0
36.7

28.1
35.1

27.8
35.8

Amusement and recreation services
Misc. amusement and recreation services

79
799

27.1
26.5

27.2
26.5

28.3
28.5

26.6
26.0

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services

80
801
802
805
806
808

32.5
31.8
28.3
31.9
34.1
25.3

32.6
32.1
28.5
32.2
34.0
25.4

32.7
32.0
28.5
32.0
34.5
25.3

32.7
31.9
28.4
32.7
34.2
25.9

Legal services

81

34.8

35.4

34.9

35.3

37.4
39.4
36.8
36.5
35.6

37.5
39.4
37.3
36.4
35.7

36.8

36.8

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ....
Research and testing services
Management and public relations

87
871
872
873
874

37.3
39.0
36.7
36.7
35.6

37.4
39.3
36.7
36.7
35.8

Services, nee

89

37.3

38.2

See footnotes at end of table.

98




Average overtime hours
Oct.
1990p

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive repair shops

1987
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990 p

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

75
753

$8.58
9.43

$8.57
9.43

$8.82
9.67

$8.88
9.72

$314.89 $317.09 $328.99 $327.67
361.17 362.11 377.13 373.25

Miscellaneous repair services

76

10.08

10.16

10.31

10.39

381.02

383.03

393.84

396.90

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ....

78
781

10.42
15.96

10.42
15.65

10.83
16.70

11.56
17.50

285.51
555.41

291.76
574.36

304.32
586.17

321.37
626.50

Amusement and recreation services
Misc. amusement and recreation services

79
799

7.75
7.04

8.20
7.25

7.65
6.96

8.31
7.35

210.03
186.56

223.04
192.13

216.50
198.36

221.05
191.10

Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services

80
801
802
805
806
808

9.99
9.98
9.50
6.90
11.40
8.00

10.02
10.03
9.53
6.92
11.45
8.06

10.47
10.68
10.22
7.25
11.84
8.80

10.56
10.78
10.28
7.31
11.98
8.85

324.68
317.36
268.85
220.11
388.74
202.40

326.65
321.96
271.61
222.82
389.30
204.72

342.37
341.76
291.27
232.00
408.48
222.64

345.31
343.88
291.95
239.04
409.72
229.22

Legal services

81

13.41

13.69

14.09

14.36

466.67

484.63

491.74

506.91

Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ....
Research and testing services
Management and public relations

87
871
872
873
874

13.18
14.21
11.84
13.73
12.20

13.35
14.34
12.11
13.88
12.35

13.51
14.61
12.19
13.99
12.39

13.84
15.00
12.51
14.36
12.63

491.61
554.19
434.53
503.89
434.32

499.29
563.56
444.44
509.40
442.13

505.27
575.63
448.59
510.64
441.08

519.00
591.00
466.62
522.70
450.89

Services, nee

89

13.03

12.94

13.57

14.22

486.02

494.31

499.38

523.30

1

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and
guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing.
3
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
4
Money payments only; tips, not included.




Oct.
1990p

5

Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the nonsupervisory
count for all series in this division.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987 Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) system and are currently projected from
March 1989 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1989 forward are subject to
revision.

99

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missiles
and Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing

For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' average hourly earnings series for production workers in aircraft manufacturing (sic 3721)
and guided missiles and space vehicles manufacturing (sic 3761) have
been used to escalate labor costs in contracts between aerospace companies and their customers. Although the Bureau's series by definition take account of traditional wage rate changes, they do not capture
"lump-sum payments to workers in lieu of general wage increases"
which were negotiated in aerospace manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
Because of special circumstances in the aerospace industry, BLS
has calculated average hourly earnings series for sic 3721 and sic
3761 which include lump-sum payments. These series, beginning
in October 1983, the effective date of the first aerospace bargain-

ing agreement using lump-sum payments, were published in the
June 1988 issue of Employment and Earnings. Current and year
earlier data are presented in table C-2a along with the average hourly
earnings series produced as part of the Current Employment Statistics program. An explanation of the methodology used to derive
these series appears in the Explanatory Notes of this publication.
Lump-sum payments are but one of several recent changes in the
way that employees are compensated. The changes are widespread
and they differ by industry. Because of these developments, the
Bureau is conducting a broad-based review of all concepts and definitions used in its earnings and wage programs to determine the
proper treatment of lump-sum payments and other new compensation practices.

C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)
manufacturing
Aircraft (SIC 3721)
Series

Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)

Aug.
1989

Sept
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Aug.
1989

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Average hourly earnings,
excluding lump-sum payments

$14.91

$15.05

$15.66

$15.78

$14.29

$14.41

$14.97

$15.09

Average hourly earnings,
including lump-sum payments

15.36

15.49

16.38

16.50

14.72

14.83

15.41

15.51

= preliminary.

100




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Industry

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987




Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

$10.06

$10.06

$10.33

$10.42

$10.47

10.59
8.55
8.09
10.21
11.82
10.18

10.57
8.56

10.84
8.74
8.27

10.95

10.99
(2)
(2)

10.90
9.71
13.12
10.59

10.95
9.69
10.62

8.07

8.06

8.10
10.22
11.82
10.14

13.12

9.35

9.37

8.80
14.18
7.37
6.24
11.37

8.81
14.35
7.38
6.23
11.37

10.59

10.62

12.54
14.44
9.08
6.46

12.63
14.49

9.10
6.46

10.50
12.20
10.36
11.27
9.93
13.39
10.97
8.30

9.66
8.98
15.99
7.67
6.48
11.63
10.85
12.92

8.81
8.33

10.61
12.27

2

10.43
11.36

10.00
13.56
11.05
8.31

9.71

$9.77

8.96
15.49
7.72
6.53
11.72
10.91

9.37

12.94
15.31
9.44

6.66

6.78

15.04

0

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system and are currently
projected from March 1989 benchmark levels. When more recent
benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1989
forward are subject to revision.

101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
Average hourly earnings
Industry

Average weekly earnings

Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

$9.77
7.66

$9.81
7.65

$10.00
7.46

$10.17
7.52

$10.17

$339.02 $341.39 $348.00 $353.92 $349.85
265.69 266.29 259.51 261.58

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

13.29
10.42

13.23
10.32

13.63
10.16

13.81
10.21

$13.77

584.76
458.28

583.44
455.10

599.72
447.22

621.45
459.31

$616.90

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

13.65
10.70

13.71
10.69

13.74
10.25

13.92
10.29

$13.90

526.89
412.92

537.43
419.21

535.86
399.60

544.27
402.27

$528.20

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

10.56
8.28

10.54
8.22

10.82
8.07

10.94
8.09

$10.96

435.07
340.96

431.09
336.26

441.46
329.20

451.82
333.94

$449.36

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

12.73
9.98

12.74
9.94

12.96
9.66

13.04
9.64

$13.03

495.20
388.09

496.86
387.57

508.03
378.84

512.47
378.77

$505.56

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

10.48
8.21

10.51
8.20

10.77
8.03

10.94
8.09

$10.90

399.29
312.92

401.48
313.17

410.34
1306.00

419.00
309.68

$416.38

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

6.59
5.16

6.61
5.16

6.75
5.03

6.86
5.07

$6.86

19D.fl5
149.26

191.03
149.01,

198.45
147.99

198.25
146.53

$194.82

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

9.60
7.52

9.70
7.57

9.96
7.43

10.12
7.48

$10:09

341.76
267,84

350.17
273.14

355.57
265.15

365.33
270.01

$359.20

Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars

9.49
7.44

9.58
7.47

9.78
7.29

9.99
7.38

$1(X02.

308.43
241.72

314.22
245.10

320.78
239.21

326.67
241.44

$324.65

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and

102




Sept.
1989

Oct.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990p

Oct.
1990p

Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system and are currently projected from March
1989 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1989 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1989

1990

Industry
Oct.

Total private
Mining

Nov.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.p

Oct.

34.6

34.5

34.4

34.4

34.6

34.6

34.5

34.5

34.7

34.5

34.5

34.7

34.2

43.6^

43.7

43.0

43.6

43.7

43.5

43.4

43.6

44.4

43.7

43.9

44.6

44.2

40.8
3.7
41.3
3.7
40.3
39.2
42.4
42.5
42.8
41.4
42.1
41.0
41.3
42.7
41.0
39.3

40.7
3.7
41.2
3.7
40.2
39.4
42.4
42.5
43.0
41.3
42.2
40.8
41.0
42.3
41.0
39.7

40.6
3.7
41.2
3.7
40.0
39.1
41.6
42.5
42.9
41.2
42.1
40.5
41.7
42.2
41.0
39.3

40.7
3.6
41.3
3.6
40.4
39.6
42.3
42.6
43.1
41.1
42.1
40.9
41.5
41.0
40.9
39.5

40.8
3.6
41.3
3.6
40.1
39.3
42.2
42.5
42.9
41.4
42.1
41.1
41.6
41.5
41.0
39.5

40.8
3.7
41.4
3.8
40.4
39.2
42.0
42.7
43.0
41.5
42.0
41.0
42.0
42.3
41.1
39.4

40.7
3.5
41.2
3.5
40.2
39.0
42.0
41.8
42.9
41.2
41.8
40.9
41.9
41.8
41.2
39.2

40.9
3.8
41.5
3.9
40.4
39.2
42.1
43.0
43.5
41.7
42.1
40.9
42.5
43.4
41.1
39.4

41.0
3.8
41.6
3.9
40.3
39.3
42.3
43.0
43.3
41.6
42.0
41.0
42.6
43.7
41.2
39.4

40.9
3.7
41.5
3.8
40.2
39.6
41.7
43.1
44.1
41.7
42.0
40.7
42.8
43.6
41.2
39.5

41.0
3.8
41.5
3.9
40.4
39.4
42.3
42.9
43.5
41.6
42.1
40.6
42.6
43.7
41.3
39.9

41.1
3.7
41.7
3.8
40.8
39.1
42.2
43.0
44.0
41.6
42.2
41.1
42.8
43.5
41.4
40.0

40.8
3.7
41.4
3.7
39.9
38.6
41.3
43.0
44.2
41.4
42.1
40.6
42.5
43.1
41.2
39.7

40.1
3.6

40.1
3.6

40.8

40.8

(2)
40.6
36.9
43.3
37.8
42.5
(2)

(2)
40.4
36.8
43.4
37.9
42.4

40.0
3.6
40.7
2
()
40.2
36.4
43.2
37.7
42.6
(2)
40.9
37.4

40.0
3.5
40.6
2
()
40.3
36.6
43.2
37.9
42.7

40.0
3.5
40.6
2
()
40.2
36.6
43.1
37.9
42.4

40.0
3.6
40.7
2
()

40.0
3.4
40.6
2
()
40.0
36.4
43.3
37.8
42.6
(2)
40.9
37.5

40.1
3.6
40.8
2
()

40.3
3.6
40.9
2
()
40.4
36.7
43.5
38.0
42.6
(2)

40.1
3.6
40.5
2
()
40.2
36.6
43.5
38.0
42.4

40.2
3.7
41.0
(2)
40.0
36.6
43.5
38.2
42.3
(2)
41.3
37.7

40.2
3.6
41.2
2
()
39.9
36.6
43.1
38.0
42.7
(2)
41.4

40.1
3.6
40.6
2
()
39.9
36.5
43.7
38.2
42.7

37.5

37.1

39.2

38.6

38.2

38.0

28.9

28.4

32.8

32.3

Construction
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

41.1

(2)
41.1

37.7

37.6

Transportation and public utilities

(2)
40.8

(2)
41.2

40.0
36.3
43.2
38.0
42.5
(2)
41.4

37.4

37.7

37.7

38.6
38.8

38.6

Wholesale trade

38.3

38.7

39.0

38.1
38.1

38.1

Retail trade

38.0

38.0

38.1

28.8
28.9

28.8

32.7

32.6

28.8

28.9

29.0

32.5

32.6

32.5

39.0
38.1
29.0

40.2
36.6
43.3
37.9
42.6
(2)
41.4
37.4
39.1
38.0
29.0

41.6
37.5
39.2
38.1
29.0

(2)
41.5
37.4

39.0
38.1
28.9

38.9
38.1
28.7

(2)
41.1

Finance, insurance, and real estate

Services
1

32.6

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular
components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.




32.6

32.5

32.6

32.6

32.5

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987 Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) system and are currently projected from March
1989 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1986 forward are subject to
revision.

103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1982=100)
1989

1990

Industry
Nov.

Dec.

Total private

123.4

123.5

123.3

123.6

124.4

124.4

124.2

124.6

125.3

124.8

124.6

125.3

123.3

Goods-producing

111.6

111.6

110.4

111.1

112.1

111.5

110.1

111.2

111.7

110.5

110.5

110.4

108.3

63.1

63.8

63.0

64.4

64.9

64.9

65.2

65.9

68.0

66.9

66.1

67.3

66.9

143.0

138.1

144.9

147.7

144.3

138.4

139.8

140.3

132.4

108.3

108.0

107.6

106.8

107.6

107.5

107.0

107.5

107.6

107.4

107.1

106.8

105.8

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

107.9
132.6
127.9
113.3
93.6
81.4
108.9
99.2
111.9
120.2
132.3
88.5
104.3

107.4
132.1
128.2
113.6
93.1
81.0
108.3
99.8
110.8
118.4
128.6
88.0
104.6

107.1
131.4
126.6
111.2
92.8

105.9
133.0
128.2
113.3

107.2
131.5
127.0
113.3
92.6
80.3
107.4
99.4
110.3
119.8
125.5
88.2
105.6

107.3
132.5
126.6
111.7
92.7
79.3
107.7
98.8
110.2
121.1
128.3
88.4
104.6

106.5
131.7
125.4
110.7
90.9
79.1
107.2
98.2
109.7
120.2
123.4
88.4
102.9

107.3
131.9
125.7
110.5
93.5

107.1
130.5
126.0
110.5
93.5

81.2
108.3

80.4
107.8

98.9
109.5
121.8
131.2
87.7
104.2

98.4
109.6
123.3
133.7
87.2
102.7

107.1
129.7
125.8
108.2
94.3
82.3
108.5
98.5
108.3
124.1
133.2
86.8
104.5

106.5
129.7
125.7
109.5
93.0
80.8
108.1
98.1
107.2
122.2
131.2

106.1
130.8
124.2
108.7
92.9
81.7
107.4
97.1
107.7
121.3
128.9
86.4
105.0

104.8
126.9
121.7
105.9
93.1
82.9
106.4
96.7
106.0
120.0
127.7
85.8
103.9

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

109.0
108.9
68.8
104.9
97.3
110.2
126.4
105.0
87.5
126.9

108.8
108.8

107.8
108.5
68.1
101.2

107.6
108.7

107.9
109.2

65.8
100.9
92.9
110.4
128.1
104.6
88.0
126.0

107.7
107.9
66.6
100.6

92.7
110.4
128.4
104.3
89.2
125.6

64.7
101.2
92.9
110.8
127.6
104.6
88.0
124.6

108.2
108.7
64.3
101.2
93.0
111.4
128.6
104.4
93.0
127.3

92.4
111.6
129.0
104.3
88.3
127.2

108.0
109.7
68.8
100.1
92.4
111.8
129.6
103.2
88.0
126.8

107.9
110.4
68.5
99.1
92.3
110.5
128.3

107.3
108.9
65.3
98.1
91.6

126.7

112.1
128.7
104.7
87.6
125.2

Mining

Construction
Manufacturing

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

141.7

81.1
107.7

99.5
109.4
120.7
128.7
87.5
104.3

92.4
81.4
106.1
99.7
110.1
110.9
105.2
87.9
105.9




Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

144.6

138.6

142.1

86.5
104.8

Sept."

68.3
103.9
96.8
110.5
127.2
104.8
88.4
126.4

108.3
108.4
65.8
103.1
95.5
110.2
127.0
105.3
87.9
125.4

66.9
103.0
95.2
110.4
128.0
105.4
86.9
124.3

108.0
108.3
67.6
102.2
94.4
110.3
128.1
104.4
88.4
125.0

64.3

64.1

62.6

62.6

63.1

63.1

62.2

61.5

61.1

59.8

59.6

58.8

57.0

128.8

128.8

129.1

129.3

129.9

130.2

130.5

130.6

131.4

131.2

130.9

132.0

130.1

112.0

111.8

113.4

112.9

114.2

115.3

115.2

116.0

116.7

115.8

115.2

116.7

115.2

118.7

119.0

119.1

119.2

119.1

119.4

119.3

118.9

119.8

119.5

119.5

119.6

118.9

123.9

123.8

123.8

124.4

124.4

124.9

125.0

125.1

125.3

125.1

124.1

124.9

122.4

121.8

121.1

121.0

121.4

122.2

122.3

122.6

122.5

122.9

123.1

122.9

124.3

121.9

142.1

142.4

142.8

142.8

143.8

143.9

144.4

144.6

145.8

145.9

146.0

147.5

145.7

108.2
108.4

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.

104

Feb.

Oct.1

Oct.

Jan.

104.3

89.6

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987 Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) system and are currently projected from March
1989 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1986 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1

C-7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1990

1989
Industry
Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.p

Oct.p

Average hourly earnings
Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime2
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Total private (in constant dollars)3

$9.78

$9.78

$9.83

$9.82

$9.88

$9.93

$9.96

$9.98 $10.03 $10.07 $10.09 $10.13 $10.13

13.32

13.40
13.76
10.62

13.33
13.55
10.57

13.51
13.66
10.73

10.13

13.59
13.62
10.75
10.34

13.58
13.71

10.17
12.73

13.33
13.63
10.67
10.22

10.35

10.38

12.96
10.74
6.74
9.88

12.88

12.92

10.74
6.76

10.80
6.78

9.55

13.32
13.66
10.58
10.12
12.65
10.55
6.61
9.66
9.55

9.79

9.87
9.80

7.65

7.62

7.57

7.58

13.61
10.57

10.10
12.71
10.54
6.60
9.72

10.28
12.87
10.67

10.60
6.64
9.75
9.61

12.78
10.57
6.68
9.73
9.63

12.83
10.62

9.67

6.73
9.82
9.72

7.63

7.54

7.55

7.56

6.69
9.77

10.81

13.73
13.73
10.86

13.87
13.80
10.98
10.51
12.99
10.92

9.98

13.79
13.76
10.89
10.40
13.02
10.84
6.79
10.08

13.73
13.78
10.90
10.40
13.00
10.84
6.82
10.06

13.82
13.82
10.93
10.44
12.99
10.94
6.84
10.17

9.85

9.92

9.93

9.99

6.85
10.10
9.99

7.58

7.58

7.54

7.50

0

Average weekly earnings
Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1982) dollars3

338.39 337.41 338.15 337.81 341.85 343.58 343.62 344.31 348.04 347.42 348.11 351.51 346.45
264.57 262.99 262.54 259.45 261.35 261.48 261.31 261.63 262.87 261.61 259.98 260.38
0

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time
and one-half.
3
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series.




4

Not available.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates reflect the 1987 Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) system and are currently projected from March
1989 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1986 forward are subject to
revision.
p

105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

$9.48
9.71
11.22

$376.48
388.27
455.94

$391.11
399.90
476.58

$392.47
403.94
475.73

11.47

13.02

533.34

625.12

544.24

10.30

10.35

416.33

416.12

420.21

8.32
7.45
8.78
8.99
10.30

8.56
7.64
8.94
9.12
10.61

8.65
7.89
8.93
9.10
10.42

345.28
308.43
345.93
378.48
463.50

353.53
310:95
363.86
386.69
474.27

362.44
318.76
361.67
381.29
460.56

40.8
40.8
39.8
43.0
40.5
39.0
41.3
41.3
40.0
40.4
41.5
39.6
40.9
40.7
39.8
41.8
41.1

11.27
11.56
12.12
9.05
10.75
10.21
13.37
10.73
9.98
11.79
11.27
13.20
13.33
11.34
10.68
11.09
13.30

11.52
11.73
12.18
9.23
10.99
10.58
13.56
11.06
10.48
11.99
11.66
13.10
13.43
11.86
11.38
11.16
13.27

11.63
11.77
12.16
9.51
11.12
10.59
13.65
11.14
10.53
12.06
11.68
13.24
13.52
11.99
11.44
11.13
13.68

456.44
475.12
467.83
371.05
435.38
397.17
553.52
441.00
400.20
475.14
457.56
497.64
542.53
446.80
407.98
459.13
571.90

468.86
483.28
484.76
377.51
444.00
429.55
561.38
455.67
418.15
497.59
472.23
517.45
551.97
480.33
446.10
533.45

474.50
480.22
483.97
408.93
450.36
413.01
563.75
460.08
421.20
487.22
484.72
524.30
552.97
487.99
455.31
465.23
562.25

41.1
40.8

41.1
40.4

10.47
11.59

11.13
12.64

11.28
12.59

424.04
467.08

457.44
515.71

463.61
508.64

42.2
41.7
43.2
42.2
41.2
42.0
42.6

42.1
40.6
41.8
42.3
41.2
40.0
42.2

42.5
41.5
42.2
42.8
41.4
39.5
42.3

11.26
11.70
11.96
11.72
10.91
11.28
10.16

11.48
12.02
12.47
12.35
11.13
12.46
10.39

11.54
12.19
12.49
12.50
11.12
12.64
10.87

475.17
487.89
516.67
494.58
449.49
473.76
432.82

483.31
488.01
521.25
522.41
458.56
498.40
438.46

490.45
505.89
527.08
535.00
460.37
499.28
459.80

Delaware
Wilmington

42.3
43.4

40.2
41.5

42.5
43.1

12.39
15.39

12.51
15.63

12.41
15.49

524.10
667.93

502.90
648.65

527.43
667.62

District of Columbia:
Washington MSA

39.7

39.1

39.3

12.01

12.63

12.63

476.80

493.83

496.36

Florida
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Jacksonville
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

41.0
41.7
42.8
39.3
40.0
43.7
40.9
41.7

40.6
40.7
39.9
38.9
41.4
46.0
40.4
39.8

40.7
41.0
40.3
39.8
41.5
45.3
40.3
39.1

8.70
8.65
9.34
7.30
10.03
11.21
8.95
9.34

9.07
9.05
9.75
7.70
10.24
11.78
9.39
9.64

9.06
9.12
9.81
7.44
10.28
11.80
9.38
10.32

356.70
360.71
399.75
286.89
401.20
489.88
366.06
389.48

368.24
368.34
389.03
299.53
423.94
541.88
379.36
383.67

368.74
373.92
395.34
296.11
426.62
534.54
378.01
403.51

Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah

41.5
41.2
44.5

41.1
41.6
45.9

41.1
42.1
44.6

. 8.96
10.30
11.64

9.22
10.55
11.43

9.28
10.51
11.61

371.84
424.36
517.98

378.94
438.88
524.64

381.41
442.47
517.81

Hawaii
Honolulu

40.3
39.4

42.0
40.8

41.7
39.7

10.39
10.53

10.88
11.21

11.04
11.50

418.72
414.88

456.96
457.37

460.37
456.55

Idaho

40.0

39.8

42.6

10.41

10.35

408.80

414.32

440.91

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile

41.6
41.0
41.6

41.3
41.1
42.4

41.4
41.6
42.4

$9.05
9.47
10.96

$9.47
9.73
11.24

Alaska

40.9

54.5

41.8

13.04

Arizona

41.8

40.4

40.6

9.96

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

41.5
41.4
39.4
42.1
45.0

41.3
40.7
40.7
42.4
44.7

41.9
40.4
40.5
41.9
44.2

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

40.5
41.1
38.6
41.0
40.5
38.9
41.4
41.1
40.1
40.3
40.6
37.7
40.7
39.4
38.2
41.4
43.0

40.7
41.2
39.8
40.9
40.4
40.6
41.4
41.2
39.9
41.5
40.5
39.5
41.1
40.5
39.2
42.1
40.2

Colorado
Denver

40.5
40.3

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

See footnotes at end of table.

106




Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

42.2
41.1
43.2
40.4
42.1
40.9
45.5
40.6
42.8
40.5
42.3
43.3
38.0

41.5
40.8
46.1
41.6
41.3
40.6
42.8
41.9
42.8
39.4
42.3
42.4
36.9

41.6
41.8
44.1
41.9
41.3
41.0
44.2
41.7
42.8
39.6
44.0
42.8
37.9

Average hourly earnings

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990*

$11.30
10.68
12.70
10.07
10.99
12.97
14.54
12.73
11.85
11.77
13.44
12.35
10.31

$11.44
10.96
13.14
9.85
11.17
12.99
14.96
13.13
11.94
11.40
13.96
12.71
10.76

$11.44
11.05
13.12
9.94
11.17
12.90
14.88
13.02
11.82
11.45
14.02
12.83
11.12

0

Indiana

Average weekly earnings

Sept.

Aug.
1990

1990P

$476.86
438.95
548.64
406.83
462.68
530.47
661.57
516.84
507.18
476.69
568.51
534.76
391.78

$474.76
447.17
605.75
409.76
461.32
527.39
640.29
550.15
511.03
449.16
590.51
538.90
397.04

$475.90
461.89
578.59
416.49
461.32
528.90
657.70
542.93
505.90
453.42
616.88
549.12
421.45

V)

0

Sept.

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City

41.3
39.5
41.8
41.0
44.1

40.2
38.9
40.1
41.0
39.4

41.5
40.0
40.7
43.0
40.6

10.98
12.71
12.27
11.70
8.96

11.25
13.91
12.34
11.11
9.09

11.36
14.01
12.42
12.27
9.07

453.47
502.05
512.89
479.70
395.14

452.25
541.10
494.83
455.51
358.15

471.44
560.40
505.49
527.61
368.24

Kansas

40.7
39.9
39.9

40.5
40.6
40.6

41.0
39.9
40.9

10.82
12.79
11.45

10.83
12.40
12.12

11.07
12.53
12.12

440.37
510.32
456.86

438.62
503.44
492.07

453.87
499.95
495.71

39.8
40.6
40.5

39.0
40.9
37.3

40.7
42.0
42.4

10.27
10.74
11.35

10.61
11.36
12.03

10.70
11.25
12.24

408.75
436.04
459.68

413.79
464.62
448.72

435.49
472.50
518.98

Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport

43.3
44.8
41.7
41.2

42.9
43.8
42.1
38.8

44.0
44.1
42.0
45.1

11.05
13.16
10.70
11.08

11.58
13.59
11.21
11.07

11.68
13.81
11.26
11.92

478.47
589.57
446.19
456.50

496.78
595.24
471.94
429.52

513.92
609.02
472.92
537.59

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
,

40.4
39.2
39.7

39.9
39.5
37.0

40.3
39.4
38.1

8.54
10.85

10.43
9.30
10.72

10.75
9.49
11.08

400.36
334.77
430.75

416.16
367.35
396.64

433.23
373.91
422.15

Maryland
Baltimore MSA

41.7
41.7

40.9
40.9

41.2
41.1

11.27
11.73

11.59
12.09

11.69
12.20

469.96
489.14

474.03
494.48

481.63
501.42

Massachusetts

40.7
40.6
41.9
40.6

40.4
40.6
41.4
41.3

40.6
40.6
41.4
41.3

10.99
11.67
10.46
10.87

11.31
12.12
10.75
11.05

11.40
12.27
10.84
11.07

447.29
473.80
438.27
441.32

456.92
492.07
445.05
456.37

462.84
498.16
448.78
457.19

43.1
44.0
43.0
43.8
43.3
41.8
42.5
42.4
43.9
40.7
44.0

42.3
44.3
41.7
43.5
39.6
40.9
42.1
41.2
41.1
40.4
42.9

43.0
44.2
42.2
44.3
41.4
40.8
42.4
43.1
42.3
41.6
44.2

13.66
14.40
14.76
14.77
17.07
11.78
10.66
13.09
15.05
12.46
15.64

13.77
15.96
14.69
14.94
17.34
11.56
10.84
13.58
15.56
12.58
15.91

13.98
15.93
14.78
15.06
17.36
11.84
10.80
14.06
15.71
12.66
16.31

588.75
633.60
634.68
646.93
739.13
492.40
453.05
555.02

582.47
707.03
612.57
649.89

507.12
688.16

472.80
456.36
559.50
639.52
508.23
682.54

601.14
704.11
623.72
667.16
718.70
483.07
457.92
605.99
664.53
526.66
720.90

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud

41.3
40.8
41.1
38.6

40.8
41.4
40.4
41.5

41.3
41.2
41.1
40.8

11.03
11.90
11.67
10.13

11.16
11.29
11.88
10.09

11.25
11.70
11.96
10.25

455.54
485.52
479.64
391.02

455.33
467.41
479.95
418.74

464.63
482.04
491.56
418.20

Mississippi
Jackson

40.3
40.7

39.8
39.4

39.9
41.1

8.09
9.18

8.37
9.25

8.44
9.36

326.03
373.63

333.13
364.45

336.76
384.70

Topeka
Wichita

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville

Boston
Springfield
Worcester
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson

Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

See footnotes at end of table.




107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield

41.5
41.4
42.8
40.8

40.9
40.8
41.8
40.9

Montana

39.6

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

Average hourly earnings
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

40.9
40.8
42.0
41.3

$10.62
11.61
12.63
9.06

$10.78
11.63
12.82
9.21

39.9

40.9

11.38

41.7
40.6
42.8

40.7
40.1
40.8

41.6
40.4
42.2

Nevada
Las Vegas

40.7
42.7

40.2
41.2

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester

41.2
41.4
40.6
41.0

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

$10.85
11.74
12.99
9.30

$440.73
480.65
540.56
369.65

$440.90
474.50
535.88
376.69

$443.77
478.99
545.58
384.09

11.43

11.79

450.65

456.06

482.21

9.66
10.70
10.30

9.75
11.16
10.34

9.77
11.14
10.29

402.82
434.42
440.84

396.83
447.52
421.87

406.43
450.06
434.24

40.6
41.7

10.35
12.57

11.33
13.47

11.18
13.03

421.25
536.74

455.47
554.96

453.91
543.35

40.3
41.0
40.1
41.5

40.5
41.4
40.2
41.8

10.45
10.60
12.70
9.71

10.71
10.73
13.59
10.02

10.78
11.01
13.61
9.99

430.54
438.84
515.62
398.11

431.61
439.93
544.96
415.83

436.59
455.81
547.12
417.58

New jersey

40.9

40.6

40.9

11.25

1 1.67

11.70

460.13

473.80

478.53

New Mexico
Albuquerque

39.1
39.8

39.1
39.9

38.7
39.1

8.60
8.78

8.93
9.16

9.02
9.48

336.26
349.44

349.16
365.48

349.07
370.67

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

40.2
40.7
41.2
42.2
40.4
(1)
39.8
37.4
36.9
42.4
39.8
39.9
42.8
38.7
41.3
41.3
41.5

39.6
40.5
39.6
41.7
39.5

39.8
41.1
39.2
43.2
40.0

(1)

V)

11.11
1 1.92
9.90
13.16
10.00

39.3
37.3
37.1
39.9
39.3
40.4
41.8
39.8
40.3
40.4
38.4

39.5
37.0
36.9
40.4
39.8
40.7
43.0
39.0
40.8
40.9
37.6

10.74
11.48
9.52
13.12
9.32
(1)
11.53
9.93
9.76
14.13
9.39
11.09
12.23
8.33
12.01
10.17
11.88

11.84
10.24
10.16
14.18
9.43
10.75
12.61
9.32
12.54
10.36
11.30

11.21
11.89
9.89
13.12
10.07
(1)
11.81
10.28
10.09
14.23
9.65
10.73
12.86
9.61
12.34
10.32
12.14

431.75
467.24
392.22
553.66
376.53
(1)
458.89
371.38
360.14
599.11
373.72
442.49
523.44
322.37
496.01
420.02
493.02

439.96
482.76
392.04
548.77
395.00
(1)
465.31
381.95
376.94
565.78
370.60
434.30
527.10
370.94
505.36
418.54
433.92

446.16
488.68
387.69
566.78
402.80
(1)
466.50
380.36
372.32
574.89
384.07
436.71
552.98
374.79
503.47
422.09
456.46

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point ..
Raleigh-Durham

40.5
40.9
40.3
39.6
41.5

40.0
41.1
39.9
39.0
42.1

40.1
41.3
39.3
39.1
42.2

8.45
8.55
8.98
9.15
9.71

8.80
8.76
9.38
9.36
10.09

8.86
8.80
9.45
9.51
10.13

342.23
349.70
361.89
362.34
402.97

352.00
360.04
374.26
365.04
424.79

355.29
363.44
371.39
371.84
427.49

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead

39.8
41.8

39.4
39.1

39.4
38.7

8.97
9.09

8.92
8.92

8.95
8.85

357.01
379.96

351.45
348.77

352.63
342.50

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

42.7
43.2
41.4
43.4
43.5
41.7
42.8
43.1
43.4

42.4
43.5
42.5
43.5
42.7
41.7
41.8
43.1
41.7

43.2
43.7
43.0
43.6
42.9
42.3
43.1
43.8
44.5

12.33
11.84
11.28
11.67
11.90
12.09
12.98
13.11
14.26

12.66
12.17
11.39
12.18
12.14
12.36
13.33
13.57
14.52

12.88
12.18
11.50
12.17
12.24
12.56
13.69
13.57
15.23

526.49
511.49
466.99
506.48
517.65
504.15
555.54
565.04
618.88

536.78
529.40
484.08
529.83
518.38
515.41
557.19
584.87
605.48

556.42
532.27
494.50
530.61
525.10
531.29
590.04
594.37
677.74

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

42.0
43.2
42.2

40.8
41.6
41.7

39.1
41.4
41.9

10.55
11.38
10.39

10.53
11.00
11.36

11.19
11.78
11.37

443.10
491.62
438.46

429.62
457.60
473.71

437.53
487.69
476.40

39.4
39.2
39.9
37.9

39.5
37.5
39.9
39.8

40.5
37.7
40.0
38.3

10.82
10.85
11.09
8.70

10.97
10.82
11.47

11.12
10.90
11.58
9.06

426.31
425.32
442.49
329.73

433.32
405.75
457.65
342.28

450.36
410.93
463.20
347.00

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

,

See footnotes at end of table.

108




O

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990*

41.1
40.5
40.0
42.1
44.2
40.9
39.6
40.6
40.4
42.0
41.2
39.6
44.3
41.8
40.5
42.0

$10.74
10.72
9.37
10.76
11.35
10.95
8.26
10.71
11.78
11.13
11.10
9.40
12.13
9.53
9.60
10.28

$11.03
11.10
9.59
11.11
11.76
11.28
8.32
11.02
12.03
11.40
11.42
9.68
11.91
9.84
9.23
10.64

$11.13
11.17
9.57
11.25
11.91
11.25
8.50
11.14
12.05
11.44
11.62
9.75
12.10
9.98

39.2
39.0
38.4

40.1
39.3
40.0

9.14
8.52
8.65

4.1.4
40.0
41.4
41.3

40.7
40.3
42.2
41.6

40.8
40.2
42.1
41.7

South Dakota
Sioux Falls

42.1
48.9

40.7
39.5

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

41.6
40.2
42.6
40.2
42.4
42.5

Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

9.25
10.76

$441.41
430.94
366.37
473.44
499.40
455.52
324.62
436.97
474.73
468.57
456.21
371.30
534.93
376.44
385.92
432.79

$448.92
442.89
378.81
474.40
498.62
459.10
324.48
444.11
478.79
476.52
472.79
386.23
508.56
400.49
376.58
439.43

$457.44
452.39
382.80
473.63
526.42
460.13
336.60
452.28
486.82
480.48
478.74
386.10
536.03
417.16
374.63
451.92

9.36
8.95
9.10

9.36
9.19
9.21

359.20
342.50
339.08

366.91
349.05
349.44

375.34
361.17
368.40

8.58
9.38
8.75
8.41

8.92
9.53
9.15
8.84

8.96
9.51
9.11
8.87

355.21
375.20
362.25
347.33

363.04
384.06
386.13
367.74

365.57
382.30
383.53
369.88

42.0
42.7

8.44
8.46

8.39
8.77

8.47
8.91

355.32
413.69

341.47
346.42

355.74
380.46

39.4
40.0
39.9
37.5
40.3
42.6

39.6
41.2
40.6
38.0
40.8
42.6

9.21
8.49
9.69
9.51
9.41
10.27

9.55
8.78
9.78
9.27
9.68
11.38

9.65
8.84
10.08
9.36
9.69
11.44

383.14
341.30
412.79
382.30
398.98
436.48

376.27
351.20
390.22
347.63
390.10
484.79

382.14
364.21
409.25
355.68
395.35
487.34

42.0
42.5
41.3
44.1
40.6

41.9
42.3
41.3
43.8
40.4

42.3
42.7
41.2
44.8
40.0

10.32
10.47
11.14
11.75
7.50

10.54
10.59
11.39
12.00
7.81

10.61
10.57
11.35
12.08
7.85

433.44
444.98
460.08
518.18
304.50

441.63
447.96
470.41
525.60
315.52

448.80
451.34
467.62
541.18
314.00

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden

39.9
40.4

39.8
39.7

40.2
40.3

10.18
9.99

10.39
10.46

10.52
10.50

406.18
403.60

413.52
415.26

422.90
423.15

Vermont
Burlington

41.9
43.2

41.3
41.1

40.8
40.9

9.89
9.74

10.46
10.93

10.78
11.11

414.39
420.77

432.00
449.22

439.82
454.40

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

41.4
40.0
42.5
42.6
42.9
39.5
42.6
42.0

40.3
36.3
41.7
40.0
42.3
40.2
44.2
41.3

40.6
39.8
41.5
41.0
41.5
40.3
44.9
41.3

9.80
7.91
8.46
9.09
9.69
10.75
12.93
11.57

10.16
8.34
6.93
8.88
10.06
11.25
13.55
11.77

10.19
8.45
8.94
9.47
9.98
11.37
13.58
11.69

405.72
316.40
360.40
387.23
415.70
424.63
550.82
485.94

409.45
302.74
372.38
355.20
425.54
452.25
598.91
486.10

413.71
336.31
371.01
388.27
414.17
458.21
609.74
482.80

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

41.1
40.2
39.1
44.0
44.0
41.6
39.3
40.8
40.3
42.1
41.1
39.5
44.1
39.5
40.2
42.1

40.7
39.9
39.5
42.7
42.4
40.7
39.0
40.3
39.8
41.8
41.4
39.9
42.7
40.7
40.8
41.3

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

39.3
40.2
39.2

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

Washington

40.3

39.7

40.5

12.22

12.65

12.72

492.47

502.21

515.16

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

40.7
43.6
40.6
42.8
44,4

40.7
43.9
41.6
41.1
41.6

41.1
44.9
41.8
40.8
42.4

11.33
13.23
12.75
13.05
14.33

11.54
13.51
13.41
13.09
13.21

11.60
13.66
13.34
13.43
13.17

461.13
576.83
517.65
558.54
636.25

469.68
593.09
557.86
538.00
549.54

476.76
613.33
557.61
547.94
558.41

See footnotes at end of table.




109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Average hourly earnings
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Average weekly earnings
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit....
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

42.3
43.6
43.5
42.5
39.9
42.3
40.7
43.5
41.9
40.5
43.7
43.3

41.6
43.2
43.7
42.9
36.0
42.2
40.7
42.3
41.2
39.9
43.1
42.9

42.7
43.5
43.8
42.6
36.3
42.4
41.3
43.7
41.5
39.4
45.7
44.0

$10.71
11.80
11.14
11.38
12.75
11.36
9.30
9.77
11.63
10.92
10.61
10.58

$10.93
11.96
11.76
11.65
11.88
12.10
9.69
10.36
11.87
11.55
10.65
10.98

$11.08
12.20
11.69
11.76
12.10
12.13
9.66
10.28
11.90
11.62
10.83
11.16

$453.03
514.48
484.59
483.65
508.73
480.53
378.51
425.00
487.30
442.26
463.66
458.11

$454.69
516.67
513.91
499.79
427.68
510.62
394.38
438.23
489.04
460.85
459.02
471.04

$473.12
530.70
512.02
500.98
439.23
514.31
398.96
449.24
493.85
457.83
494.93
491.04

WyominQ

38.4

41.6

41.9

10.77

10.83

10.84

413.57

450.53

454.20

,

Puerto Rico

39.6

39.1

39.5

5.71

6.08

6.08

226.11

237.73

240.16

Virgin Islands

39.9

42.3

43.4

10.57

12.19

12.06

421.74

515.64

523.40

1

Not available.
= preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

p

110




publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1989
benchmarks, and industry detail are classified in accordance with the 1987
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual.

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Industry

Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government




Oct. 1989
to
Oct. 1990p

Aug. 1990
to
Sept. 1990r

Sept. 1990
to
Oct. 1990p

0.4

0.5

-1.3

Aug.

Sept.
1990r

Oct.
1990p

204,744

205,724

203,128

167,860

168,876

166,420

1,678
10,307
40,625
23,940
16,685
11,825
12,632
29,618
12,720
48,454

1,707
10,403
40,558
23,883
16,675
11,961
12,647
29,804
12,863
48,934

1,689
9,847
40,284
23,683
16,602
11,796
12,559
29,217
12,686
48,340

4.9
-5.6
-1.9
-2.6
-.8
3.1
.4

-1.1
.0
2.6

.1
.6
1.1
1.0

36,885

36,848

36,708

2.0

-.1

1
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
p
= preliminary.
r
= revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,

112

Percent change

-1.5
1.7
.9
-.2
-.2
-.1
1.2

-1.0
-5.3
-.7
-.8
-.4
-1.4
-.7
-2.0
-1.4

-1.2
-.4

nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2285,
chapter 10, Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted1
(1982=100)
Quarterly index

Annual average
Item

1988r

1989

1988

1989r

1990

r

r

iv

iir

IV

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs ..
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

113.2
133.0
117.5
128.6
104.9
113.7
127.9
118.2

112.6
135.8
120.5
132.9
103.4
117.9
133.1
122.8

113.2
131.2
115.8
126.3
104.7
111.5
125.8
116.2

112.9
132.6
117.5
127.9
104.9
113.3
126.4
117.5

113.6
133.8
117.8
129.7
105.1
114.2
128.8
118.9

113.1
134.5
118.8
130.8
104.9
115.6
130.2
120.3

113.0
135.6
120.0
131.8
104.3
116.7
130.9
121.2

113.0
135.9
120.2
132.7
103.5
117.4
133.3
122.5

112.6
136.1
120.9
133.1
103.1
118.2
133.9
123.3

111.9
135.5
121.0
133.8
102.6
119.5
134.5
124.3

111.7
136.0
121.7
135.3
101.7
121.1
135.5
125.8

111.9
136.4
121.9
137.0
102.1
122.5
137.0
127.2

112.4
136.9
121.8
138.5
101.7
123.3
138.2
128.1

112.5
134.0
119.1
127.8
104.3
113.7
128.8
118.4

111.7
136.7
122.3
131.9
102.7
118.1
133.8
123.0

112.2
131.6
117.3
125.5
104.1
111.9
126.9
116.6

112.0
133.4
119.1
127.1
104.3
113.5
127.2
117.8

112.8
134.8
119.5
128.8
104.4
114.2
128.8
118.8

112.9
136.0
120.5
130.0
104.2
115.2
132.1
120.5

112.1
136.4
121.7
131.0
103.7
116.9
131.0
121.4

112.0
136.8
122.2
131.6
102.6
117.5
134.0
122.7

111.7
137.1
122.7
132.1
102.3
118.3
134.8
123.5

111.0
136.3
122.8
132.9
101.9
119.7
135.4
124.7

110.7
136.8
123.7
134.2
100.9
121.3
135.7
125.8

110.7
137.2
123.9
135.8
101.2
122.7
137.5
127.3

111.2
137.7
123.9
137.3
100.8
123.5
138.6
128.3

127.8
139.9
109.4
122.9
100.2
96.1

131.1
144.0
109.8
127.7

126.2
136.9
108.5
121.1
100.5
96.0

127.3
138.9
109.1
122.1
100.2
95.9

128.8
141.1
109.5
123.6
100.1
95.9

129.3
142.6
110.3
125.0
100.3
96.7

130.2
143.7
110.4
126.7
100.2
97.3

131.4

131.1
144.0
109.9

131.9
143.5
108.8

133.5

144.2

134.5
145.7

136.3

144.5
110.0
127.1

128.2

108.3
131.2

99.1
96.7

99.3

128.9
98.9
97.8

108.0
129.7

97.5
97.1

97.8

107.8
132.4
97.1

97.5

97.1

140.2
155.1
110.6
121.4

144.4
159.8
110.7

138.5

150.8

139.7
154.0

108.9

110.2

14y.O
161.9
108.7
129.5

87.0

86.3

87.9

86.7

144.9
160.2
110.5
127.0
98.4
87.6

146.7
159.1
108.5
128.1

87.5

120.5
98.8
86.2

145.0
160.8
110.9
125.7

151.7
163.6
107.9

120.5
99.9

141.9
158.9
112.0
123.4
99.0
87.0

142.6
159.7

126.4
98.4

141.1
156.6
111.0
121.7

88.0

96.3
87.3

96.5
86.9

96.0
86.3

111.1
119.6
107.7
125.0
102.0
112.6

113.2
122.8
108.5
129.6
100.9
114.5

109.8
118.3
107.8
122.1
101.3
111.2

110.6
118.8
107.5
124.6
102.2
112.7

112.2
120.4
107.4
126.3
102.4
112.6

112.1
120.9
107.9
127.4
102.2
113.7

113.1
122.3
108.1
128.5
101.7
113.6

113.0
122.8
108.7
129.1
100.7
114.3

112.4
122.5
109.0
130.0
100.6
115.6

114.4
123.7
108.1
131.1
100.5
114.6

115.8
124.3
107.4
132.2
99.4
114.2

115.1
124.2
107.9
134.0
99.9
116.4

115.9
124.9
107.8
135.0
99.0
116.4

113.5
134.9
118.8
125.2
102.1
109.0
110.3
105.5
176.3
113.2

111.6
136.4
122.2
129.3
100.6
114.7
115.8
111.8
157.9
117.4

113.6
133.2
117.2
122.9
101.9
107.1
108.1
104.2
176.6
111.4

113.6
134.6
118.5
124.4
102.1
108.2
109.6
104.6
178.1
112.6

113.4
135.4
119.4
125.9
102.1
109.7
111.1
106.0
171.4
113.5

113.0
136.3
120.6
126.9
101.7
110.9
112.3
107.3
179.1
115.2

111.9
136.2
121.7
128.3
101.5
112.7
114.6
108.0
162.3
115.9

111.6
136.4
122.2
128.8
100.5
114.1
115.4
110.6
162.9
117.1

111.8
137.1
122.7
129.3
100.2
115.0
115.7
113.3
159.3
117.8

110.5
135.9
123.0
130.0
99.7
117.0
117.6
115.2
147.2
118.9

110.1
136.0
123.5
130.9
98.4
118.1
118.9
116.2
147.6
120.0

110.6
136.9
123.8
133.0
99.1
119.1
120.2
116.2
153.9
121.3

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

99.4
97.4

97.8

147.0

Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

99.0
86.6

98.6

112.0

125.3
99.2

98.0

144.9
158.5
109.3

127.6
97.9

130.9

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output..
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
*
Implicit price deflator

1
The hours series underlying the productivity and cost series have
been revised to incorporate the 1989 Hours at Work Survey and changes
in the Current Establishment Survey.
2
Not available.




p

= preliminary.
= revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).
r

113

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted annual rates1
Percent change from
Previous quarter

Item
1989r

1989r

IV
1989r

I
1990r

0.1
.8
2.6
-3.2
2.5
7.7
4.3

-1.6
.6
2.2
1.1
-1.7
2.8
1.8
2.5

-2.3
-1.8
.4
2.2
-1.8
4.6
1.7
3.5

-0.9
1.4
2.3
4.5
-3.3
5.4
3.1
4.6

-.3
1.3
1.6
1.7
-4.1
2.0
9.3
4.4

-1.0
.6
1.6
1.6
-1.2
2.6
2.6
2.6

-2.5
-2.1
.5
2.3
-1.6
5.0
1.7
3.9

-1.3
1.4
2.8
3.9
-3.8
5.3
1.0
3.8

3.9
2.4

-1.0
-1.4
-.4
3.6
.7
4.6

2.5
-1.3
-3.7

4.9

1.2
-4.5
-5.3

-.2
-1.7
-1.5
4.3
1.4
4.5

.0
-4.1
-4.1
1.8
-2.1
1.8

1.6
-3.1
1.5

-.5
1.8
2.3
1.9
-3.9
2.4

-2.1
-1.0
1.1
2.6
-.3
4.8

-1.1
.6
1.7
1.8
-4.0
4.7
2.8
9.9
1.5
4.4

.6
2.1

Same quarter, previous year
III
1989r

IV
1989r

I
1990r

II
1990r

-1.1
.8

-1.4
3.6
5.5
4.2

-0.9
1.7
2.7
2.6
-2.0
3.5
4.0
3.7

1.9
2.3
-2.2
3.4
3.2
3.4

-1.2
.3
1.4
2.6
-2.5
3.8
3.6
3.7

-1.0
.3
1.4
3.3
-1.3
4.4
2.8
3.8

-0.2
.6
.7
4.1
-1.4
4.3
3.2

.9
5.0
1.2
4.7
5.2
4.8

1.6
1.5
-.1
4.5
-1.8
2.8
3.5
3.0

.0
2.6
2.6
3.5
-1.6
3.6
5.3
4.1

-1.0
1.7
2.7
2.6
-2.0
3.6
4.7
3.9

-1.6
.3
1.9
2.2
-2.2
3.9
2.5
3.4

-1.3
.3
1.6
2.4
-2.7
3.7
3.6
3.7

-1.1
.3
1.4
3.2
-1.4
4.4
2.6
3.8

-.5
.5
1.0
3.9

3.1
4.3
1.2
4.7
1.0
1.6

5.6
3.6
-1.9
3.7
-2.6
-1.7

3.2
4.1

2.0
.7
-1.3
3.1
-1.4
1.1

2.5
.4
-2.1
2.4
-2.7
-.2

2.4
.8
-1.5
3.2
-1.3
.9

4.0
2.1
-1.9

-1.1
.8

1.7
2.1
.4
3.7
-.9
2.0

7.3
4.2
-2.9
4.3
-2.0
-2.8

3.8
4.5
.6
4.4
-.8
.5

2.8
2.3
-.4
4.4
-.3
1.6

2.1
-.2
-2.3

2.8
-.4
-3.1

3.4
-1.1

-3.1

6.6
7.3
.7
4.4
.7
-2.0

1.2

2.2
-2.9
-.6

2.7
.7
-2.0
3.0
-1.6
.3

4.6
2.2
-2.4
3.0
-2.4
-1.5

7.1
3.7
-3.2
3.4
-.6
-3.4

5.2
2.3
-2.7
3.6
-4.1
-1.5

-2.4
-.6
1.8
5.4
1.6
8.0

2.9
2.5
-.4
3.0
-3.2

2.2
3.4
1.2
3.6

.2
1.8
1.5
2.9
-1.7
2.6

2.1
2.3
.2
2.9
-1.6
.8

2.3
1.7
-.7
2.9
-2.2
.5

1.9
1.1
-.8
3.7
-.9
1.9

3.1
1.9

-4.6
-3.6
1.1
1.9
-2.0
6.9
6.9
6.9
-27.1
3.6

-1.5
.2
1.8

1.9
2.8
.9
6.6
2.8
3.4
4.6
.2
18.2
4.5

-1.4
1.3
2.7
2.7

-2.2
-.3
2.0
2.5
-2.0
5.5
4.8
7.4
-17.8
3.2

-1.7
-.2
1.5
2.0

-1.0
.4
1.3
3.2
-1.4
4.4
4.2
5.1
-5.5
3.6

1990 r

III
1990p

0.6
1.2
.5
5.4
1.6
4.7
4.5
4.6

1.9
1.5
-.4
4.4
-1.9
2.5
3.4
2.8

.3
1.2

1989r

1990p

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

.9

0.1
2.5
2.3
3.7

3.9

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output

Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

-1.5
4.4
2.8
3.9

Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

-1.4
1.3
-4.5
-2.5

2.4
-1.6
-.1

1.8
-2.9
2.3
-5.4
-2.5

.8

4.1

3.3
-2.1
-.7

Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

6.9
2.8
-3.8

4.8

-6.1

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

.1

-1.5
1.4

-1.1
3.8
-1.6
.7

Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator

1.5
1.6
-1.2
3.5

1.0
10.2
-8.5
2.4

1
The hours series underlying the productivity and cost series have
been revised to incorporate the 1989 Hours at Work Survey and changes
in the Current Establishment Survey.
2
Not available.

114




2.8

-4.9
4.1
4.4
3.3
1.2
3.9
p

-1.7
1.4
3.1
3.5
-1.6
5.4
5.3
5.7

-1.9
4.9
4.1
6.9

-8.5
4.0

-7.0
3.8

-3.0
4.8
3.8
7.6

-9.0
3.6

= preliminary.
' = revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

0

0
2

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

1,910.2
447.3
133.9
209.4
139.3
71.8

1,893.7
440.2
133.1
209.1
139.0
71.6

1,902.3
444.0
133.6
209.1
139.3
72.5

127.1
25.2
6.5
16.5
8.7
3.3

144.8
27.2
6.7
16.8
10.0
3.9

257.8

266.6

259.8

16.2

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

1,698.5
1,052.8
314.5

1,725.7
1,073.0
313.5

1,747.2
1,079.3
317.3

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,131.2
63.5
92.7
268.0
37.3

1,129.0
63.7
92.9
267.5
36.3

14,635.5
1,425.0
236.5
346.2
4,179.6
169.9
1,131.5
373.9
1,023.6
741.7
1,194.5
894.6
847.1
182.8
212.7
206.7
201.1

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

Sept.
1990^

Sept.
1989

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990^

142.0
28.2
6.9
16.3
9.8
3.8

6.7
5.6
4.8
7.9
6.2
4.6

7.6
6.2
5.0
8.0
7.2
5.4

7.5
6.4
5.1
7.8
7.0
5.2

14.8

16.5

6.3

5.5

6.4

88.7
45.6
15.0

97.3
46.8
12.8

89.2
43.6
12.3

5.2
4.3
4.8

5.6
4.4
4.1

5.1
4.0
3.9

1,140.0
64.7
92.0
269.3
37.2

70.6
2.0
6.8
16.2
2.6

68.6
1.9
5.3
14.8

76.9
2.4
5.9
16.3
3.4

6.2
3.1
7.4
6.1
6.9

6.1
3.0
5.7
5.6
8.0

6.7
3.7
6.4
6.1
9.1

14,939.7
1,401.7
231.0
328.7
4,587.0
168.9
1,133.9
374.8
1,044.2
744.3
1,195.4
885.0
826.2
180.8
211.8
200.8
203.5

14,607.8
1,369.0
229.1
341.0
4,386.0
167.1
1,116.3
368.0
1,034.3
734.2
1,179.9
869.1
803.8
178.1
213.6
198.0
200.9

726.1
45.2
24.1
26.8
199.6
13.9
47.5
21.1
63.4
35.3
49.8
29.2
32.2
7.6
8.4
15.4
10.0

813.4
46.0
20.1
24.8
304.0
13.3
44.3
21.9
71.4
29.8
51.2
28.9
30.7
6.9
8.2
14.4
9.6

846.5
51.6
23.6
28.2
269.0
14.9
49.8
25.3
80.2
34.7
60.4
31.8
35.1
8.4
9.2
16.0
10.9

5.0
3.2
10.2
7.7
4.8
8.2
4.2
5.6
6.2
4.8
4.2
3.3
3.8
4.1
4.0
7.4
5.0

5.4
3.3
8.7
7.5
6.6
7.9
3.9
5.9
6.8
4.0
4.3
3.3
3.7
3.8
3.9
7.2
4.7

5.8
3.8
10.3
8.3
6.1
8.9
4.5
6.9
7.8
4.7
5.1
3.7
4.4
4.7
4.3
8.1
5.4

1,685.4
134.6
865.1

1,755.6
135.8
895.1

1,746.8
138.0
894.7

74.2
4.5
36.5

80.9
4.6
39.5

67.3
4.1
32.8

4.4
3.3
4.2

4.6
3.4
4.4

3.9
2.9
3.7

1,754.0
228.5
425.8
73.6
275.0
115.1
101.4

1,816.8
233.3
443.1
76.3
282.0
118.3
105.5

1,788.7
231.4
438.9
75.6
277.5
115.4
103.3

66.4
11.3
13.9
3.1
10.6
3.3
4.9

93.9
14.7
20.6
4.6
14.8
4.2
7.9

90.9
14.6
19.5
4.5
14.3
4.1
7.7

3.8
5.0
3.3
4.2
3.8
2.9
4.8

5.2
6.3
4.6
6.1
5.2
3.5
7.5

5.1
6.3
4.5
5.9
5.2
3.6
7.4

361.1
311.5

363.7
312.5

360.7
310.8

11.8
11.2

16.0
14.1

19.7
16.6

3.3
3.6

4.4
4.5

5.5
5.3

District of Columbia
Washington

312.8
2,209.2

297.9
2,238.5

295.4
2,220.5

15.5
61.3

18.2
74.2

19.9
77.8

5.0
2.8

6.1
3.3

6.8
3.5

Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ...
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach .

6,162.4
153.2
640.6
144.8
105.8
452.8
177.6
187.4
940.5
612.5
147.1
120.8
133.5
987.6
417.9

6,454.5
157.5
673.7
158.5
109.6
467.1
185.8
198.0
980.2
640.8
150.7
126.3
136.8
1,026.0
433.5

6,419.2
157.0
667.2
158.8
110.3
466.7
181.5
196.5
976.3
636.0
149.5
126.1
138.1
1,018.2
432.0

352.9
7.7
33.1
5.6
2.9
24.1
18.6
9.5
60.8
30.5
8.6
4.5
5.6
48.7
27.3

440.2
9.3
42.2
8.0
4.1
28.0
23.6
12.1
74.7
39.0
9.7
5.9
6.7
57.6
35.4

395.2
8.9
37.4
7.4
4.0
26.6
19.1
11.2
66.9
36.2
9.1
5.6
5.3
52.6
30.5

5.7
5.0
5.2
3.9
2.8
5.3
10.5
5.1
6.5
5.0
5.8
3.7
4.2
4.9
6.5

6.8
5.9
6.3
5.1
3.8
6.0
12.7
6.1
7.6
6.1
6.5
4.7
4.9
5.6
8.2

6.2
5.6
5.6
4.7
3.7
5.7
10.5
5.7
6.9
5.7
6.1
4.5
3.8
5.2
7.1

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska

California1
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990^

See footnotes at end of table.




115

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

215.2
4.3
4.4
99.4
10.1
6.8
7.3
6.9

6.1
8.8
5.6
5.7
5.5
6.4
5.6
5.7

5.7
7.2
4.8
5.4
4.7
6.4
4.7
4.8

6.6
8.2
5.7
6.4
5.3
7.0
5.5
6.0

13.4
8.9

14.7
10.0

2.0
1.9

2.5
2.2

2.8
2.6

19.5
3.3

24.6
3.6

22.0
4.1

4.0
3.0

5.0
3.3

4.5
3.7

6,028.8
186.6
74.9
91.4
3,337.9
182.6
60.4
207.1
46.5
305.5
161.9
154.5
113.2

335.3
9.1
2.6
3.2
181.4
11.7
4.2
11.6
3.1
10.4
8.9
8.3
4.8

381.2
11.2
3.0
3.4
206.8
11.0
4.2
14.1
3.4
12.2
10.1
9.3
5.4

393.1
11.4
3.0
3.4
218.0
10.5
4.6
14.0
3.3
12.5
10.1
9.4
5.2

5.5
5.0
3.4
3.5
5.4
6.3
7.0
5.6
6.7
3.4
5.4
5.3
4.2

6.3
6.0
4.2
3.9
6.2
6.0
7.1
6.9
7.2
4.0
6.3
6.0
4.6

6.5
6.1
4.0
3.7
6.5
5.7
7.6
6.8
7.2
4.1
6.2
6.1
4.6

2,795.9
58.2
56.7
97.4
144.0
202.1
251.1
674.8
48.7
65.9
58.7
130.0
57.2

2,832.6
58.9
61.8
97.1
144.0
205.1
256.6
679.7
47.4
70.8
59.7
133.9
59.7

140.6
3.0
1.8
5.2
7.2
10.6
13.9
28.5
3.1
2.2
3.1
6.3
2.8

181.3
5.0
2.3
6.6
8.7
12.8
18.1
35.5
4.9
2.5
4.2
8.6
3.2

138.5
3.6
1.6
6.0
6.8
10.6
13.9
25.3
2.8
1.4
2.7
6.6
2.5

4.9
5.1
2.9
5.3
5.0
5.1
5.3
4.1
6.4
3.1
5.1
4.7
4.5

6.5
8.5
4.1
6.8
6.1
6.3
7.2
5.3
10.1
3.8
7.2
6.6
5.6

4.9
6.2
2.5
6.2
4.7
5.2
5.4
3.7
5.9
2.0
4.6
5.0
4.1

1,499.9
97.1
234.8
44.1
60.0
59.8
72.8

1,484.1
96.6
231.9
43.2
61.2
59.5
70.6

1,477.2
96.4
231.9
43.6
61.9
58.6
73.3

63.5
3.9
9.6
2.3
1.0
2.5
3.9

59.4
5.0
7.2
3.5
1.0
2.6
3.2

58.3
5.6
7.6
1.9
.9
2.3
3.5

4.2
4.0
4.1
5.1
1.7
4.1
5.4

4.0
5.2
3.1
8.0
1.7
4.3
4.5

3.9
5.8
3.3
4.4
1.5
3.9
4.8

1,282.2
42.8
90.9
253.1

1,320.5
45.3
93.7
258.0

1,306.6
44.7
91.6
255.6

51.9
1.3
4.3
10.8

58.2
1.6
4.8
11.5

56.6
1.5
4.9
11.6

4.0
3.0
4.7
4.3

4.4
3.6
5.2
4.5

4.3
3.5
5.4
4.5

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,743.0
199.3
526.2
45.0

1,782.6
204.5
522.6
46.2

1,760.2
199.9
524.9
45.4

91.4
5.7
38.0
2.0

87.7
6.6
22.4
2.5

92.2
6.3
30.2
2.2

5.2
2.9
7.2
4.4

4.9
3.2
4.3
5.3

5.2
3.1
5.7
4.9

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,908.6
60.1
271.7
68.2
99.6
76.3
68.5
601.8
158.0

1,907.1
58.9
272.1
70.6
102.6
75.9
68.2
596.2
155.9

1,900.4
58.0
271.2
69.1
102.3
76.0
67.7
591.1
155.9

127.8
4.0
15.3
4.1
5.7
5.3
4.2
38.8
11.1

123.0
4.1
15.8
3.7
4.7
5.3
4.1
36.3
10.1

133.1
4.2
16.6
4.3
5.8
5.7
4.8
39.6
11.1

6.7
6.7
5.7
6.0
5.7
6.9
6.1
6.4
7.1

6.5
7.0
5.8
5.2
4.6
7.0
6.0
6.1
6.5

7.0
7.2
6.1
6.2
5.6
7.6
7.0
6.7
7.1

622.1
41.9
128.5

641.7
42.1
132.6

631.5
42.9
131.8

20.8
2.0
3.0

27.0
2.6
4.6

25.7
2.6
4.4

3.3
4.9
2.3

4.2
6.2
3.5

4.1
6.0
3.3

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

3,227.4
53.7
76.7
1,526.3
190.4
99.6
134.4
114.0

3,254.2
52.4
76.9
1,550.1
192.7
98.5
132.6
115.4

3,267.5
53.2
77.0
1,556.2
190.4
98.0
133.1
115.2

198.3
4.7
4.3
86.7
10.5
6.4
7.5
6.5

184.0
3.8
3.7
83.6
9.1
6.3
6.3
5.5

Hawaii
Honolulu

516.6
378.4

540.3
394.9

532.4
388.8

10.3
7.1

Idaho
Boise City

485.7
108.2

490.9
112.3

487.2
111.4

Illinois1
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ...
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

6,063.2
181.7
75.9
93.8
3,335.9
185.3
60.3
206.5
46.0
301.2
163.9
156.1
115.0

6,025.3
185.4
72.8
86.6
3,322.4
184.4
59.7
204.7
46.8
305.8
161.6
154.1
119.0

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette-West Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,882.0
59.6
63.0
98.5
144.9
206.5
262.0
696.1
48.2
70.9
60.7
135.4
61.4

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

.-.

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.

116




Sept.
1990"

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

State and area
Sept.
1989

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

114.1
59.0

3.7
4.1

4.5
4.9

4.5
4.9

207.2
90.0
8.2
7.5
4.6
15.7
11.8
7.7
2.6
16.4
15.3

193.8
84.7
7.7
6.8
4.3
15.7
10.7
7.5
2.4
15.1
14.3

4.3
3.8
5.4
6.2
6.0
6.2
5.2
5.8
4.5
4.4
4.4

6.4
5.7
7.9
9.4
9.7
8.0
7.6
8.6
6.2
6.3
6.7

6.2
5.5
7.7
8.7
9.3
8.1
7.1
8.7
5.9
6.0
6.4

343.9
7.8
4.9
6.6
175.4
18.4
19.0
4.7
6.2
14.4
7.1
13.6

349.0
9.1
4.9
5.8
169.0
17.3
22.9
5.2
5.9
13.8
6.5
13.2

314.5
6.9
4.7
5.4
150.6
14.6
21.0
5.1
5.8
12.9
6.2
12.4

7.5
4.9
7.5
8.5
7.9
10.0
5.2
7.1
5.2
6.1
10.3
7.2

7.4
5.6
7.2
7.2
7.7
9.3
6.0
7.7
4.9
5.7
9.3
6.9

6.9
4.2
7.1
6.9
7.0
8.0
5.6
7.7
4.8
5.4
8.9
6.6

2,428.3
111.3
1,436.5
65.0
104.4

98.4
5.9
55.6
1.9
3.9

105.5
5.4
59.3
2.1
5.0

110.5
5.8
63.6
2.2
5.1

4.2
5.4
4.0
3.0
4.0

4.3
4.8
4.1
3.2
4.8

4.5
5.2
4.4
3.3
4.9

1,181.3
207.1

1,167.3
205.8

83.5
10.4

93.7
12.0

82.7
11.0

7.2
5.1

7.9
5.8

7.1
5.3

2,614.3
846.6
1,269.6
127.8

2,634.2
872.2
1,277.1
126.4

2,620.6
859.0
1,266.3
128.5

137.0
40.5
67.0
5.9

150.7
44.8
80.4
5.4

150.4
43.5
77.4
6.0

5.2
4.8
5.3
4.6

5.7
5.1
6.3
4.3

5.7
5.1
6.1
4.6

Montana

405.8

405.6

392.5

19.9

17.7

21.9

4.9

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

807.8
125.3
327.8

838.6
126.5
333.3

824.1
126.0
328.9

23.6
2.9
11.4

19.5
2.4
9.5

17.7
2.1
9.5

2.9
2.3
3.5

2.3
1.9
2.8

2.1
1.7
2.9

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

602.0
359.6
135.9

630.6
384.4
136.8

634.5
388.9
137.3

29.9
18.1
6.3

25.6
16.7
4.9

27.2
17.8
5.0

5.0
5.0
4.6

4.1
4.3
3.6

4.3
4.6
3.7

New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester

611.8
85.4
97.3
134.7

635.6
88.8
98.6
136.2

627.6
88.6
97.5
133.6

23.5
3.0
4.6
3.6

33.7
4.9
6.0
6.3

33.8
5.1
5.9
5.1

3.8
3.5
4.7
2.7

5.3
5.5
6.1
4.6

5.4
5.7
6.1
3.8

3,950.0
181.1
701.2
272.4
561.3
480.5
950.1
168.1
58.2

4,104.0
202.7
716.9
276.4
579.4
517.3
983.5
173.1
60.5

4,041.2
191.5
712.7
275.1
569.6
497.4
974.0
171.9
60.6

169.9
8.9
28.2
18.1
16.8
18.7
43.7
5.9
3.8

188.9
9.0
29.3
18.2
22.5
22.0
49.6
7.3
4.0

203.3
10.9
31.7
19.8
22.9
24.1
53.3
7.5
4.3

4.3
4.9
4.0
6.7
3.0
3.9
4.6
3.5
6.5

4.6
4.4
4.1
6.6
3.9
4.2
5.0
4.2
6.6

5.0
5.7
4.4
7.2
4.0
4.9
5.5
4.3
7.1

704.2
267.9
59.1
67.5

706.2
263.8
58.8
71.2

701.2
262.5
59.0
69.1

43.0
13.1
3.7
2.5

42.8
13.6
3.9
2.2

39.5
12.4
3.5
2.3

6.1
4.9
6.3
3.7

6.1
5.2
6.7
3.1

5.6
4.7
5.9
3.3

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Maryland
Baltimore

2,519.9
1,201.9

2,567.8
1,225.7

2,544.9
1,214.1

93.4
48.9

114.8
59.8

Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,120.7
1,527.3
99.2
77.3
46.8
186.3
150.0
85.2
39.4
251.0
216.8

3,238.0
1,580.3
103.5
79.6
47.4
197.8
154.4
88.8
42.7
258.9
227.4

3,146.8
1,540.2
100.9
78.5
46.1
194.0
149.8
85.6
40.6
253.5
222.9

134.2
58.5
5.4
4.8
2.8
11.5
7.9
4.9
1.8
11.0
9.5

Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

4,614.2
159.3
65.1
78.4
2,207.3
184.3
369.0
66.3
119.4
237.4
69.7
187.6

4,696.7
163.8
67.3
80.3
2,208.7
186.2
380.4
67.4
119.7
240.3
70.6
192.4

4,579.1
163.3
66.0
78.5
2,140.8
182.8
376.1
65.9
120.7
237.8
69.1
188.0

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,359.1
110.3
1,405.1
63.4
96.5

2,430.4
112.5
1,447.1
65.4
102.6

Mississippi
Jackson

1,162.2
202.3

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis LMA
Springfield

New Jersey1
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990?

5.6

See footnotes at end of table.




117

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy .
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

8,587.5
432.4
126.1
463.0
43.6
55.7
1,417.1
3,921.3
3,243.5

8,731.0

8,671.5

447.6

436.9
123.7
462.5
44.1
54.0

138.0

139.7

136.3

North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point .
Raleigh-Durham

3,397.4

3,418.2
94.9

3,396.9

138.0
128.0
507.0

321.5

124.5
469.7
45.0
58.7
1,431.3
3.981.4
3,283.0
138.0
130.3

515.0
326.2

1,405.9
4,008.5
3,333.0
135.2
128.4
506.6
321.9

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

5.2
4.0
4.7
5.6
5.1
5.5
4.6
5.8
6.2
5.3
3.4
4.1
4.3
4.7

4.8
3.3
3.6
4.6
3.6
4.4
4.1
5.8
6.2
4.5
3.1
3.5
3.5
3.7

5.5
3.4
3.6
4.4
4.8
4.9
4.1
7.2
7.9
4.4
3.1
3.4
3.6
3.7

447.4
17.5
6.0
26.2
2.2
3.0
65.3
227.1
200.3
7.3
4.3
20.6
13.7
6.5

419,6

5.1

5.9
4.0
17.3
11.5
5.1

119.2
2.9
21.3
11.2

118.3
2.4
20.3
16.6
9.4

110.4
2.4
19.7
15.2
8.5

3.5
3.1
3.3
3.4
2.7

3.5
2.5
3.1
3.3
2.2

3.3
2.6
3.0
3.0
2.0

14.8
4.5
21.7
1.6
2.6
58.5
230.0
205.0
6.2
4.0
18.0
11.4

473.4
14.7
4.5
20.5

2.1
2.6
57.4
287.8
264.0

516.4
423.0

658.8
507.7
421.9

95.0
653.3
506.9
417.0

331.7
48.0
86.9
36.0

337.9
49.4
88.8
36.6

325.9
47.6
87.9
35.5

13.3
2.0
2.1
1.4

11.0
1.5
1.9
1.2

11.0
1.5
2.1
1.3

4.0
4.1
2.4
3.8

3.3
3.0
2.2
3.4

3.4
3.2
2.3
3.6

Ohio1
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

5,424.8
336.5
194.5
784.2
953.8
728.2
479.3
318.6
225.0

5,503,6
340.4
196.6
803.6
968.6
747.6
484.6
317.9
225.2

5,435.9
339.9
193.8
794.1
956.0
736.8
479.9
318.0
222.5

266.8
15.4
11.0
31.5
41.6
31.2
21.9
17.8
13.8

258.3
14.1
9.9
30.2
39.3
27.4
22.2
17.2
12.8

258.6
14.9
9.8
30.1
40.8
28.3
22.3
17.5
11.9

4.9
4.6
5.7
4.0
4.4
4.3
4.6
5.6
6.1

4.7
4.1
5.0
3.8
4.1
3.7
4.6
5.4
5.7

4.8
4.4
5.1
3.8
4.3
3.8
4.6
5.5
5.4

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City .
Tulsa

1,524.5
27.5
48.5
499.4
341.0

1,564.2
28.2
50.1
521.7
359.3

1,543.7
27.7
49.4
509.4
351.6

76.4
1.1
2.2
22.0

83.7

78.9
1.2
2.6

17.9

16.8

22.8
18.3

5.0
4.1
4.5
4.4
5.3

5.4
3.7
4.8
5.9
4.7

5.1
4.2
5.4
4.5
5.2

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield .
Portland
Salem

1,460.5
144.0
662.6
138.1

1,531.1
150.3
697.4
146.7

1,514.7
150.6
689.6
143.7

74.4
7.6
29.2
6.8

79.1
8.0
29.5
6.6

80.9
9.1
31.0
6.9

5.1
5.3
4.4
4.9

5.2
5.3
4.2
4.5

5.3
6.1
4.5
4.8

Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

5,823.2
326.1
59.4
59.2
132.3
332.7
94.4
222.5

5,876.8
329.1

5,857.8
327.3
61.7
58.2
134.4

235.3
13.4
3.1
3.6

296.7
16.4
4.2
4.2
6.5

339.5

12.7
6.0
6.4
91.1

43.2
8.4
22.6
2.4
3.3
4.5
10.2

4.0
4.1
5.2
6.1
4.5
3.8
6.3
2.9
3.8
3.9
3.3
4.8
3.8
3.8
5.0
3.5

4.3
4.7
5.3
6.0
4.1
3.8
6.0
3.3
4.1
3.7
4.2
5.3
3.8
4.5
6.0
4.3

5.1
5.0
6.7
7.1
4.9
4.6
6.3
3.8
4.8
4.4
4.7
6.2
4.6
4.9
7.2
4.6

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg .
South Dakota .
Rapid City
Sioux Falls ...
See footnotes at end of table.

118




91.7
650.2

17.4

1.0
2.4
30.9

37.9
5.8

61.9
222.2

984.2
178.8
365.0
52.4
67.9
62.5
221.3

17.3
1.9
2.5
3.0
7.7

253.1
15.3
3.3
3.5
5.5
13.0
5.7
7.3
98.5
36.5
7.5
19.6
2.0
3.0
3.7
9.6

529.3
165.9
346.9

521.7
166.7
339.2

513.5
164.3
335.4

22.5
8.3
14.0

31.6
12.1
19.9

30.2
11.7
18.8

4.2
5.0
4.0

6.0
7.3
5.9

5.9
7.1
5.6

1,713.6
227.3
233.6
343.3

1,753.3
245.2
245.1
353.9

1,731.6
238.2
243.5
347.2

90.8
10.4
14.8

83.0
8.3
8.7
14.4

89.7
9.1
10.5
14.7

5.3
4.6
4.1
4.3

4.7
3.4
3.6
4.1

5.2
3.8
4.3
4.2

364.1
40.2
74.0

368.1
40.9
73.9

363.6
39.5
74.1

14.0
1.5
2.2

14.0
1.6
1.8

12.3
1.4
1.8

3.8
3.7
3.0

3.8
3.9
2.4

3.4
3.6
2.4

2,398.3

61.5
58.4
134.3
343.1
94.7

223.9
2,429.0

978.0
176.3
361.3
50.6

985.4
177.8

66.8
60.1
221.5

65.9

367.3
51.9

94.4
223.1

2.407.9

5.9

9.6

15.8

5.9
8.5
114.6

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Sept.
1989

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

125.8
10.4
10.1
12.4
23.0
22.9

4.6
4.8
4.2
4.6
4.4
3.6

5.0
4.4
4.0
4.4
4.5
3.9

5.2
4.9
4.5
4.3
4.8
4.3

500.9
3.2
4.5
19.2
12.1
4.7
11.8
2.0
10.5
74.1
26.2
36.5
7.5
90.4
6.8
4.6
5.4
6.0
24.5
2.6
3.0
2.4
42.5
2.4
3.3
4.7
1.8
5.7
3.4

525.6
3.3
4.9
20.6
12.3
5.0
12.1
2.2
11.4
77.8
27.9
37.9
8.1
94.8
7.0
4.9
5.8
5.7
26.8
2.7
3.0
2.5
43.7
2.4
3.5
4.9
1.8
5.8
3.7

6.3
6.2
5.6
5.1
7.9
6.5
11.0
3.8
7.8
5.3
9.7
5.2
7.0
5.6
6.8
10.0
7.9
4.5
17.2
5.9
7.8
5.8
7.0
5.6
6.4
6.9
5.8
5.3
5.7

5.9
6.3
4.6
4.5
7.3
5.3
10.9
3.3
6.7
5.1
10.3
4.9
6.7
5.3
6.8
8.7
6.7
5.2
15.9
5.4
5.8
5.5
7.0
5.1
5.8
6.3
5.0
6.1
6.1

6.2
6.3
5.1
4.7
7.4
5.7
11.3
3.6
7.2
5.4
10.9
5.2
7.3
5.5
7.0
9.3
7.2
5.0
16.9
5.5
5.9
5.7
7.1
5.2
6.1
6.5
4.9
6.0
6.5

33.6
4.3
21.5

35.3
4.1
22.8

34.2
4.1
21.3

4.2
3.7
4.1

4.4
3.6
4.4

4.2
3.4
4.1

306.8
78.4

9.9
2.0

14.1
2.6

14.1
2.7

3.2
2.6

4.5
3.3

4.6
3.4

3,224.5
73.2
51.4
73.7
641.7
466.0
124.6

3,215.7
75.2
52.2
74.6
634.8
465.0
124.2

122.0
1.7
3.6
4.0
29.6
16.3
3.9

131.5
1.9
3.8
3.3
30.0
17.9
4.3

139.1
2.2
3.5
3.7
32.0
19.8
4.7

3.9
2.4
6.8
5.5
4.7
3.6
3.3

4.1
2.5
7.4
4.5
4.7
3.8
3.5

4.3
2.9
6.7
4.9
5.0
4.3
3.8

2,448.1
1,092.0

2,529.3
1,136.1

2,454.4
1,094.3

140.9
50.7

117.2
39.0

103.7
37.4

5.8
4.6

4.6
3.4

4.2
3.4

766.7
117.0
128.9
72.2
72.2

776.1
122.0
130.9
74.8
73.2

764.8
119.5
129.8
72.5
72.2

65.7
8.0
7.3
4.5
4.2

67.2
7.6
8.4
6.4
3.5

68.8
8.2
8.2
5.3
3.7

8.6
6.8
5.7
6.3
5.8

8.7
6.2
6.4
8.5
4.8

9.0
6.8
6.3
7.3
5.1

2,614.4
173.3
75.0
111.3
73.8
54.1
54.3
224.3
769.5
92.8
60.1
65.4

2,614.3
174.5
74.6
112.2
72.4
51.9
52.6
226.1
773.3
91.6
60.8
66.2

2,615.1
175.7
76.0
112.4
72.3
52.1
53.4
228.2
775.2
91.5
60.6
66.1

103.7
6.9
2.7
4.4
3.8
4.4
1.9
5.6
30.1
4.5
2.5
2.5

95.9
6.1
2.7
3.8
3.2
2.7
1.6
5.0
28.3
3.6
2.3
2.3

91.7
6.0
2.7
3.9
3.0
2.5
1.3
4.9
26.8
3.5
2.1
2.2

4.0
4.0
3.7
3.9
5.1
8.2
3.4
2.5
3.9
4.9
4.1
3.9

3.7
3.5
3.6
3.4
4.4
5.2
3.0
2.2
3.7
4.0
3.8
3.5

3.5
3.4
3.5
3.5
4.1
4.8
2.5
2.1
3.5
3.8
3.4
3.3

240.3
31.1

245.4
31.0

242.9
31.2

13.8
2.0

9.9
1.5

10.9
1.7

5.8
6.5

4.0
4.9

4.5
5.5

Sept.
1989

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990P

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

2,397.9
211.3
215.4
294.4
473.2
534.5

2,420.0
212.2
224.3
289.6
476.0
536.2

2,416.2
212.0
223.9
286.5
477.3
535.1

110.0
10.2
9.0
13.5
20.8
19.4

120.4
9.4
9.0
12.7
21.7
21.0

Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
.'
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

8,438.5
53.0
99.1
434.6
163.8
85.8
104.2
62.6
157.7
1,450.4
252.8
725.1
108.9
1,690.0
97.9
52.6
80.8
114.8
153.9
49.8
52.2
45.6
611.1
47.4
58.0
75.6
36.6
93.9
56.7

8,458.7
51.5
96.9
424.6
164.7
87.7
108.2
60.9
158.1
1,448.4
253.2
737.3
111.8
1,718.9
99.7
52.9
80.5
116.0
154.0
49.0
50.9
43.6
609.4
46.6
57.2
74.9
36.3
93.0
55.8

8,490.7
52.6
97.7
435.1
165.6
88.0
107.3
62.1
157.9
1,452.9
254.7
733.9
110.3
1,718.2
99.2
53.3
80.5
115.9
158.5
49.1
51.4
44.3
614.9
46.9
57.7
75.0
35.7
95.4
56.2

531.9
3.3
5.6
22.1
13.0
5.6
11.5
2.4
12.3
76.5
24.5
38.1
7.6
95.0
6.6
5.3
6.4
5.2
26.4
2.9
4.0
2.6
42.7
2.7
3.7
5.2
2.1
5.0
3.2

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen

809.0
115.6
524.0

808.4
116.5
523.0

817.9
120.6
526.4

Vermont
Burlington

305.6
77.5

309.1
79.0

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News .
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

3,145.4
72.9
53.4
74.2
624.7
454.0
120.1

Washington
Seattle

Waco
Wichita Falls

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper

1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1989 have been
benchmarked to 1989 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the




Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

Aug.
1990

Sept.
1990^

11 States and 2 areas designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1990 are
provisional and will be revised when new benchmark information becomes
available. Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this
publication.

119

Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports
from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from a
sample survey of the population 16 years of age and over.
The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the
Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the employed, and the
unemployed, including such characteristics as age, sex, race,
family relationship, marital status, occupation, and industry
attachment. The survey also provides data on the characteristics and past work experience of those not in the labor force.
The information is collected by trained interviewers from
a sample of about 60,000 households, representing 729 areas
in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with coverage in
50 States and the District of Columbia. The data collected
are based on the activity or status reported for the calendar
week including the 12th of the month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on
nonfarm wage and salary employment, average weekly
hours, average hourly earnings, and average weekly
earnings for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The
employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based
on payroll reports from a sample of over 340,000 establishments employing over 40 million nonfarm wage and salary
workers. The data relate to all workers, full or part time,
who receive pay during the payroll period which includes
the 12th day of the month.

RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data supplement one
another, each providing significant types of information that
the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics,
for example, are readily obtained only from the household
survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be
reliably derived only from establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of differences in definitions and coverage, sources
of information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which




have a differential effect on the levels and trends of the two
series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics and
other private household workers), self-employed persons,
unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more during the
survey week in family-operated enterprises, and members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. Civilian
employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural
industries is included. The payroll survey covers only
wage and salary employees on the payrolls of nonfarm
establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons
holding more than one job are counted only once and are
classified according to the job at which they worked the
greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the
figures based on establishment reports, persons who worked
in more than one establishment during the reporting period
are counted each time their names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were not
at work during the survey week—that is, were not working
but had jobs from which they were temporarily absent
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management
disputes, or because they were taking time off for various
other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers
for the time off. In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the company are included, but not
those on leave without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences between
household and establishment survey employment data, see
Gloria P. Green's article, "Comparing Employment
Estimates From Household and Payroll Surveys," Monthly
Labor Review, December 1969.
Hours of work
The household survey measures hours actually worked
whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for by
121

employers. In the household survey data, all persons with
a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average hours. In the payroll
survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid
vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and
assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during the reporting period.

compensation but are classified as employed rather than
unemployed in the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences between State insured unemployment and total unemployment,
see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemployment"
by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the Monthly
Labor Review.

Earnings

Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of
Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the
inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and Statistics
Service series and the treatment of dual jobholders, who are
counted more than once if they work on more than one farm
during the reporting period. There are also wide differences
in sampling techniques and collecting and estimating
methods, which cannot be readily measured in terms of their
impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two
series.

The household survey measures median earnings of wage
and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both
the private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's sole or primary job. Data
from the establishment survey generally refer to average
earnings of production and related workers in mining and
manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and
nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries. For a comprehensive discussion of the household
survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the
Quarterly Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113.

COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from
the household survey includes all persons who did not have
a job at all during the survey week and were looking for work
or were waiting to be called back to a job from which they
had been laid off, whether or not they were eligible for
unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the Employment and Training
Administration of the Department of Labor, exclude persons
who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who
have not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance
systems (some workers in agriculture, domestic services, and
religious organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family
workers). Beginning in January 1978, coverage was extended
to include domestic workers whose employers paid $1,000
or more in wages in any calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or more workers in
20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any
calendar quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment
compensation differ from the definition of unemployment
used in the household survey. For example, persons with
a job but not at work and persons working only a few hours
during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment

122




COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from
employment counts derived by the Bureau of the Census from
its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business
establishments. The major reasons for noncomparability are
different treatment of business units considered parts of an
establishment, such as central administrative offices and auxiliary units, the industrial classification of establishments,
and different reporting patterns by multiunit companies.
There are also differences in the scope of the industries
covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional
services, public utilities, and financial establishments,
whereas these are included in the BLS statistics.
County Business Patterns. Data in County Business Patterns
(CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS establishment statistics
in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because of industrial
classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and government, and coverage is
incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance programs. Most nonfarm wage and salary workers are covered
by the unemployment insurance programs. However, certain activities, such as interstate railroads, parochial schools,
and churches are not covered by unemployment insurance
whereas these are included in the BLS establishment statistics.

Household Data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Statistics on the employment status of the population, the
personal, occupational, and other characteristics of the
employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the labor
force, and related data are compiled for the BLS by the
Bureau of the Census in its Current Population Survey (CPS).
A detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and
Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the
Current Population Survey, BLS Report 463. Historical national data are published in Labor Force Statistics Derived
From the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2307.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted
through a scientifically selected sample designed to represent the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents are
interviewed to obtain information about the employment
status of each member of the household 16 years of age and
over. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which includes the 12th
of the month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field
interviewing is conducted in the following week.
Inmates of institutions and persons under 16 years of age
are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations, and
are excluded from the population and labor force statistics
shown in this publication. Data on the members of the Armed
Forces stationed in the United States, who are included as
part of the categories "noninstitutional population," "labor
force," and "total employment," are obtained from the
Department of Defense.
Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for
interview. About 2,600 of these households are visited but
interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not
at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other
reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey
of between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the 60,000 occupied units, there are 11,500 sample units in an average
month which are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise
not enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month.
The rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample
to be common from one month to the next, and one-half to
be common with the same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data
have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the
inception of the survey in 1940; those used since 1967 are
as follows:
Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the
survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in their
own business, profession, or on their own farm, or who
worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise




operated by a member of the family; and (b) all those who
were not working but who had jobs or businesses from which
they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons,
whether they were paid for the time off or were seeking other
jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States are also included in the employed total.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those who
held more than one job are counted in the job at which they
worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries who are temporarily in the United States but not living
on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons whose
only activity consisted of work around the house (painting,
repairing, or own home housework) or volunteer work for
religious, charitable, and similar organizations.
Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no employment during the survey week, were available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to
find employment some time during the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which
they had been laid off or were waiting to report to a new
job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be
classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of time
(through the current survey week) during which persons
classified as unemployed had been continuously looking for
work. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment
represents the number of full weeks since the termination
of their most recent employment. A period of 2 weeks or
more during which a person was employed or ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the present period of seeking work. Measurements of mean and
median duration are computed from a distribution of single
weeks of unemployment.
Unemployment is also categorized according to the status
of individuals at the time they began to look for work. The
reasons for unemployment are divided into four major
groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking for work,
and persons on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit
or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and
immediately began looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks
or longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning
to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who never
worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer. Each
of these four categories of the unemployed may be expressed
as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian
labor force; the sum of the four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian workers.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made specific

efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week period
preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include those
persons unemployed because they (a) were waiting to be called
back to a job from which they had been laid off or (b) were
waiting to report to a new job within 30 days. Jobseekers are
grouped by the methods used to seek work, including going
to a public or private employment agency or to an employer
directly, seeking assistance from friends or relatives, placing
or answering ads, or utilizing some other method. Examples
of the "other" category include being on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from a community
organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup point.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians classified
as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria
described above. The labor force also includes members of
the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
The overall unemployment rate represents the number
unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including
members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
The unemployment rate for all civilian workers represents
the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor
force. This measure can also be computed for groups within
the labor force classified by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin,
marital status, etc.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the population that is in the labor force. The labor force participation
rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident
Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian
labor force participation rate is the ratio of the civilian labor
force to the civilian noninstitutional population. Civilian labor
force participation rates are usually published for sex-age
groups, often cross-classified by other demographic
characteristics such as race and educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of
the noninstitutional population that is employed. The total
employment-population ratio is total employment, including
the resident Armed Forces, as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The civilian employment-population ratio
is the percentage of all employed civilians in the civilian
noninstitutional population.
Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not
classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are
further classified as engaged in own home housework, in
school, unable to work because of long-term physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The "other" group includes
.individuals reported as too old or temporarily unable to work,
the voluntarily idle, seasonal workers for whom the survey
week fell in an off season and who were not reported as looking for work, and persons who did not look for work because
they believed that no jobs were available in the area or that
no jobs were available for which they could qualify—
discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid
family work (less than 15 hours in the specified week) are
also classified as not in labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous work
experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a job at the
124




time of interview, and reasons for not looking for work are
published on a quarterly basis. As of January 1970, the
detailed questions for persons not in the labor force are asked
only in those households that are in the fourth and eighth
months of the sample, i.e., the "outgoing" groups, those
which had been in the sample for 3 previous months and would
not be in for the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969,
these questions were asked in those households entering the
sample for the first time and those returning for the second
4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming" groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed
apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two
or more jobs are classified in the job at which they worked
the greatest number of hours during the survey week. The
unemployed are classified according to their last full-time
job lasting 2 weeks or more. The classifications of occupations and industries used in data derived from the CPS are
defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed
categories included in these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and salary
workers subdivided into private and government workers;
self-employed workers; and unpaid family workers. Wage
and salary workers receive wages, salary, commission, tips,
or pay in kind from a private employer or from a government unit. Self-employed persons are those who work for
profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or
operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or
in a business operated by a member of the household to whom
they are related by birth or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours
worked during the survey week. For example, persons who
normally work 40 hours a week but were off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours even
though they were paid for the holiday. For persons working
in more than one job., the figures relate to the number of hours
worked in all jobs during the week; all the hours are credited
to the major job.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey
week are designated as working full time. Persons who
worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working
part time. Part-time workers are classified by their usual
status at their present job (either full or part time) and by
their reason for working part time during the survey week
(economic or noneconomic reasons). Economic reasons include: Slack work, material shortages, repairs to plant or
equipment, start or termination of a job during the week,
and inability to find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons
include: Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation,
demands of home or school, no desire for full-time work,
and full-time worker only during peak season. Persons on
full-time schedules include, in addition to those working 35
hours or more, those who worked from 1 to 34 hours for
noneconomic reasons and usually work full time.
Data on employment "at work" differ from data on total
employment because they exclude persons in the zero-hours-

worked category, "with a job but not at work." These are
persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week
for such reasons as bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor dispute.
Employed persons are also categorized into full- and parttime groupings based primarily on their usual status. In this
context, full-time workers are those who (a) worked 35 hours
or more during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours
for economic or noneconomic reasons, but usually work full
time, and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually
work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who
(a) voluntarily worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week,
(b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually
work part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time
work, and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually
work part time.
Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers are
calculated using the concepts of the full- and part-time labor
force which are based on the type of job—full or part time—
that persons—whether working or unemployed—report that
they want. The "full-time labor force" includes all persons
working part time but who desire full-time work, that is,
working part time for economic reasons. Thus, this category
consists of persons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily working part time regardless of their usual status;
and unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The "parttime labor force" consists of persons working part time
voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time work.
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed
according to whether they usually work on full-time or voluntary part-time schedules.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours lost
to the economy through unemployment and involuntary parttime employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is computed by assuming that:
(1) unemployed persons looking for full-time work lost an
average of 37.5 hours, (2) those looking for part-time work
lost the average number of hours actually worked by voluntary part-time workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on part time for economic reasons lost the difference
between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they
worked.
White, black, and other are terms used to describe the race
of workers. Included in the "other" group are American Inr
dians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders.
All tables in this publication which contain racial data, with
the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data
for the black population group. Because of their relatively
small sample size, data for "other" races are not published.
In the enumeration process, race is determined by the
household respondent.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified themselves
in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican living
on the mainland, Cuban, Central or South American, or of
other Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin




may be of any race; thus they are included in both the white
and black population groups.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed
Forces of the United States between August 5, 1964, and
May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and
women are excluded. Nonveterans are men who never served
in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from responses
to the question "How much does.. .USUALLY earn per week
at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime
pay, commissions, or tips usually received. The term
"usual" is as perceived by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual, interviewers are instructed
to define the term as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. Data refer to wage and salary
workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who
usually work full time on their sole or primary job.
Median earnings indicate the value which divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part having values
above the median and the other having values below the
median. The medians as shown in this publication are
calculated by linear interpolation of the $50 centered interval
within which each median falls.
Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status are terms used to define the marital status of
individuals at the time of interview. Married, spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were reported as
members of the same household even though one may be
temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a
hospital, etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are
married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married,
spouse absent, includes persons who are separated because
of marital discord, as well as persons who are living apart
because either the husband or the wife was employed and
living away from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or
had a different place of residence for any reason.
A household consists of all persons—related family
members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a housing
unit. A house, an apartment, a group of rooms, or a single
room is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended
for occupancy as separate living quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in
whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The term
is never applied to either husbands or wives in married-couple
families but relates only to persons in families maintained
by either men or women without a spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons residing
together who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption; all
such persons are considered as members of one family even
though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married couple or a parent-child group related by birth or marriage to the householder and sharing the living quarters. The

125

count of families used in this publication excludes unrelated
subfamilies such as lodgers, guests, or resident employees
living in a household but not related to the householder.
Families are classified either as married-couple families or as
families maintained by women or men without spouses. A
family maintained by a woman or a man is one in which the
householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married,
spouse absent. Data on the earnings of families exclude all
those in which there is no wage or salary earner or in which
the husband, wife, or other persons maintaining the family
is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in tracted
areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD's) in untracted
areas, in which 20 percent or more of the noninstitutional
residents were poor according to the 1980 decennial census.
Persons were classified as poor or nonpoor by comparing
money income to a series of poverty income thresholds which
vary by family size and number of children. While poverty
areas have a substantial concentration *of low-income
residents, many poor persons live outside these areas, and
conversely, the areas include many people who are not poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the total
of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA'S) as defined by
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as of June 30,
1983. These definitions differ from those used in the 1980
decennial census. A detailed discussion of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology can be found in "The
New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980
Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan
Statistical Areas, PC-SI-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist
of the total territory outside MSA's.
The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census,
comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in places
of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized areas. More
specifically, the urban population consists of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated
as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New
York), and towns (except in the New England States, New
York, and Wisconsin), but excluding those persons living
in the rural portions of extended cities; (2) other territories,
incorporated and unincorporated, included in urbanized
areas. The population not classified as urban constitutes the
rural population.
HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Change in lower age limit
The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor force,
employment, and unemployment was raised from 14 to 16
years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical
series have been revised to provide consistent information
based on the population 16 years and over. For a detailed
discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced
at that time, including estimates of their effect on the various
series, see "New Definitions for Employment and
126




Unemployment," Employment and Earnings and Monthly
Report on the Labor Force, February 1967.
Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there are
several other periods of noncomparability in the labor force
data: (1) Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data
from the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total
employment, and agricultural employment were increased
by about 350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals
and men; other categories were relatively unaffected. (2)
Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and
about 300,000 in the labor force. Four-fifths of this increase
was in nonagricultural employment; other labor force
categories were not appreciably affected. (3) Beginning in
1962, the introduction of data from the 1960 census reduced
the population by about 50,000 and labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually
unchanged. (4) Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970
census was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by about 800,000; labor force and
employment totals were raised by a little more than 300,000;
and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent population adjustment based on
the 1970 census was introduced in March 1973. This adjustment, which affected the white and black-and-other groups
but had little effect on totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white population and an increase of the
same magnitude in the black-and-other population. Civilian
labor force and total employment figures were affected to
a lesser degree; the white labor force was reduced by
150,000, and the black-and-other labor force rose by about
210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not
significantly affected.
In addition, beginning in January 1974, the methodology
used to prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to an inflation-deflation
approach. This change in the derivation of the estimates had
its greatest impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year old men—
particularly those of the black-and-other population—but had
little effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and
over. Additional information on the adjustment procedure
appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from InflationDeflation Method of Estimation", in the February 1974 issue
of Employment and Earnings.
Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration of
Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and
black-and-other independent population controls for persons
16 years and over were adjusted upward by 76,000—30,000
men and 46,000 women. The addition of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all of the changes were in
the other population.

Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation procedures
resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the civilian labor
force and employment totals; unemployment levels and rates
were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural
changes and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1978"
in the February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual was
determined by the household respondent for the incoming
rotation group households, rather than by the interviewer as
before. The purpose of this change was to provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race. Thus, in October
1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race determined by the household respondent and seven-eighths of the
sample households had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire sample
had race determined by the household respondent. The new
procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio estimation
method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only
for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for
the total United States. The reasoning behind the change and
an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the February
1979 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its
effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the February 1982 issue of Employment and Earnings. In addition, current population estimates
used in the second-stage estimation procedure are derived
from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than
the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases in
total population and estimates of persons in all labor force categories. Rates for labor force characteristics, however, remained virtually unchanged. Some 30,000 labor force series
were adjusted back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series.
The adjustment procedure used is also described in the
February 1982 article cited above. The revisions did not,
however, smooth out the breaks in series occurring between
1972 and 1979 that are described above, and data users should
make allowances for them in making certain data comparisons.
Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment
methodology was updated to account for results obtained
from the 1980 census. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the February
1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. There were only
slight differences between the old and new procedures in
estimates of levels for the various labor force characteristics
and virtually no differences in estimates of participation rates.




Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the CPS
estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first
and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite
estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in
the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes
and an indication of their effect on national estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January
1985" in the February 1985 issue of this publication. Overall,
the revisions had only a slight effect on most estimates. The
greatest impact was on estimates of persons of Hispanic origin.
Major estimates were revised back to January 1980.
Beginning in January 1986, the population controls used
in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980 and
an improved estimate of the number of emigrants among legal
foreign-born residents for the same time period. As a result,
the total civilian population and labor force estimates were
raised by nearly 400,000; civilian employment was increased
by about 350,000. The Hispanic-origin civilian population
and labor force estimates were raised by about 425,000 and
305,000, respectively, and civilian employment by 270,000.
Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and rates were
not significantly affected. Because of the magnitude of the
adjustments for Hispanics, data have been revised back to
January 1980 to the extent possible. An explanation of the
changes and their effect on estimates of labor force
characteristics appears in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of this publication.
Beginning in August 1989, the second-stage ratio estimate
cells were changed slightly to decrease the chance of very
small cells occurring and to be more consistent with published
age, sex, race cells. This change had virtually no effect on
national estimates.
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification system
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational employment data was affected as a result of changes in the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were
introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further affected
in December 1971, when a question relating to major activity
or duties was added to the monthly CPS questionnaire in order
to determine more precisely the occupational classification
of individuals. As a result of these changes, meaningful comparisions of occupational employment levels could not be
made between 1971-72 and prior years nor between those
2 years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected.
For a further explanation of the changes in the occupational
classification system, see "Revisions in Occupational
Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey" in the February 1971 and February 1972
issues, respectively, of Employment and Earnings.
127

Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial
classification systems used in the 1980 census were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from those
developed for the 1970 census, which were used in the CPS
from January 1971 through December 1982.
The 1980 census occupational classification system evolved
from the Standard Occupational Classification system (soc).
While the CPS occupational data are now comparable with
other data sources, the new system is so radically different
in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical data are not possible without major adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category
"sales workers." Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in
retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980 census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification
system (Sic), as modified in 1977. The adoption of the new
system had much less of an adverse effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most
notable changes from the 1970 system were the transfer of
farm equipment stores from "retail" to "wholesale" trade,
postal service from "public administration" to "transportation," and some interchange between "professional and
related services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational
and industrial classification systems appears in "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983"
in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings.

Changes in the sample design
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various
changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of these
changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the
sample design and/or to increase the reliability of the sample
estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census is
to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of sample areas
and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally.
In 1953, the current rotation plan was introduced, in which
a sample unit is interviewed for 4 months, leaves the sample
for 8 months, and then returns to the sample for another 4
months. When Alaska and Hawaii achieved statehood, three
more sample areas were added to account for the population
in these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major
portion of the sample from census address lists was begun,
though a portion of the sample is still collected using area
sampling. Following the 1970 census, the ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous cluster of six
housing units to a usually contiguous cluster of four housing
units. In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24 States and the District of Columbia
128




and designed to provide more reliable annual average
estimates for States, was incorporated into the design. In
October 1978, a coverage improvement sample, composed
of approximately 450 sample household units which
represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and 600,000
new construction housing units, was included in computing
the estimates in order to provide coverage of mobile homes
and new construction units that previously had no chance
for selection in the CPS sample selected from the 1970 census frame. In January 1980, another supplemental sample
of 9,000 households selected in 32 States and the District
of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample
reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May
1981. Beginning in January 1982, the sample was expanded
by 100 households to provide additional coverage in counties added to SMSA's, which were redefined in 1973.
Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was
selected based on 1980 cenus information, providing an opportunity to improve the efficiency of the sample design and
increase the reliability for State estimates. Sample households
are chosen from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973
geographic areas in the United States. This current number
of sample areas is not completely comparable to the old
number of sample areas since many of the sample areas have
been redefined. (See pp. 7-10 of the May 1984 issue of
Employment and Earnings, for an overview of these new
definitions and the introduction of the new sample.) A sample reduction of about 4,000 households was implemented
in April 1988; they were reinstated during the 8-month
period, April-November 1989.
Table A provides a description of some aspects of the CPS
sample design in use during the different data collection
periods. A more detailed account of the history of the CPS
sample design appears in the Current Population Survey:
Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau
of the Census, or Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force
Statistics Derived from the Current Population Survey,
Report 463, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously
and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents.
The estimation procedure involves weighting the data from
each sample person by the inverse of the probability of the
person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure of
the number of actual persons that the sample person
represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons
within the same State have the same probability of selection.
These estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the
ratio estimation procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for
occupied sample households for which no information was

Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date
Time period

Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956
May 1956 to Dec. 1959
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966
Jan. 1967 to July 1971
Aug. 1971 to July 1972
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979
Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981
May 1981 to Dec. 1984
Jan. 1985 to Mar. 1988
Apr. 1988 to Mar. 1989
Nov. 1989 to present3

Number of sample
areas

68
230
330
2333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
729
729
1

Households eligible
Interviewed
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000
53,200
57,400

Not interviewed
500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
2,600
2,600

Households visited but
not eligible

3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000
11,500
11,800

1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in
each State and the District of Columbia.
2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and Hawaii
after statehood.

3
The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month period, AprilNovember 1989.

obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or
unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This
noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations
of similar sample areas that are not necessarily contained
within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based on
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size. Within
each combination of sample areas there is a further
breakdown by residence. MSA sample areas are categorized
by ''central city" and "balance of the MSA." Residence
categories of non-MSA areas are "urban" and "rural." The
proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from
4 to 5 percent, depending on weather, vacation, etc.

b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample
proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted to
the distribution of independent current estimates of the
civilian noninstitutional population in the same categories.
The second-stage ratio adjustment, which is performed to
further reduce variability of the estimates and to correct to
some extent for CPS undercoverage relative to the decennial
census, is carried out in three steps. In the first step, the sample estimates are adjusted within each State and the District
of Columbia to an independent control for the population 16
years and over. The second step involves an adjustment by
Hispanic origin to a national estimate for eight age-sex
categories by Hispanic and non-Hispanic. In the third step,
a national adjustment is made by the race categories of white,
black, and other races to independent estimates by age and
sex. The white and black categories contain 38 and 24 agesex groups respectively; the other races category has 4 agesex cells. The entire second-stage adjustment procedure is
iterated six times, each time beginning at the weights
developed the previous time. This ensures that the sample
estimates of the population for both State and national agesex-race-origin categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure incorporates changes instituted in January
1985 and August 1989. The nature and effect of the 1985
changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning
in January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of Employment
and Earnings.
The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend in the growth of this segment of the population using the two most recent July 1 estimates, adjusted as
a last step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of
this group. State estimates by age for July 1 are published
annually in Current Population Reports, Series P-25. For
a description of the methodology used in developing the State
total, see Report 957 of that series. A description of the age

2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected
for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that
of the population as a whole in such characteristics as age,
race, sex, and residence. Since these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample, the survey
estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of
ratio estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of the
729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas not in
the sample; the remainder of the sample areas represent only themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was
designed to reduce the portion of the variance resulting from
requiring sample areas to represent nonsample areas.
Therefore, this procedure is not applied to sample areas
which represent only themselves. The adjustment is made
at the State level for each of the 43 States which contains
nonsample areas by race cells of black and non-black. The
procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell
at the time of the 1980 census between the race distribution
of the population in sample areas and the known race distribution of the State.




129

estimates methodology is available in Report 1010 of that
series.
Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control for
Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These
Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the 1980
census count for Hispanics by adding estimated Hispanic
births and immigrants and subtracting estimated Hispanic
deaths and emigrants to yield an estimate of the Hispanic
population by age and sex.
During the period from January 1982 to December 1984,
the "inflation-deflation" method was temporarily discontinued in the preparation of the independent national controls used for the age-sex-race groups in the third step of
the second-stage ratio estimation procedure. These controls
were prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census data after
taking account of subsequent aging of the population, births,
deaths, and net migration and then subtractingihe estimate
for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in January 1985, the "inflation-deflation" method
of deriving independent population controls was reintroduced
into the CPS estimation procedure. With the "inflationdeflation" method, the independent controls are prepared
by inflating the 1980 census counts to include estimated
undercounts by age, sex, and race, aging this population forward to each subsequent month and later age by adding births
and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These post-censal
population estimates are then deflated to census level to
reflect the pattern of net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex, and race. Because an estimate of undercount
is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex
group is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method.
Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age structure of the undercount, but not the level. This feature of the
method is important since the. exact amount of undercount
in the 1980 census remains unknown.
Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and the
estimate date are based on tabulations of vital statistics for
the resident population made by the National Center for
Health Statistics and data on deaths of military personnel
overseas from the Department of Defense. Estimates of net
civilian immigration are based on data provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Department of
Defense, the Office of Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning Board. The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas. The institutional population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived
from the 1980 census to the total population, including Armed
Forces overseas for the estimate date. All computations
described above are performed in cells defined by single year
of age, race, and sex. The independent national control totals
are then obtained by collapsing these cells into broader age
groups for the population 16 years and older.
Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced
into the estimation of the independent population controls.
130




For the first time, an explicit allowance for net undocumented
immigration since April 1, 1980 (the census date) was added to the estimated level of legal immigration. In addition,
an increase in the estimate of emigration of legal foreignborn residents has been incorporated into the post-censal
population estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of
these changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the
Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics for
a given month, a composite estimating procedure is used
which takes account of net changes from the previous month
for continuing parts of the sample (75 percent), as well as
the sample results for the current month. Also included is
an additional term which is an estimate of the net difference
between incoming and continuing parts of the current month's
sample. Almost all estimates of month-to-month change are
improved by this procedure, and most estimates of level are
also improved, but to a lesser extent.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the
totals shown in the same tables because of independent
rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand.
Similarly, sums of percent distributions may not always equal
100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are
insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based
on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The standard errors provided primarily indicate the magnitude of the
sampling error. They also partially measure the effect of
some nonsampling errors in response and enumeration but
do not measure any systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is
unknown, but special studies have been conducted to quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS, as
discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be
small on estimates of relative change, such as month-tomonth change. Estimates of monthly levels would be more
severely affected by the nonsampling error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many
sources, e.g., inability to obtain information about all cases
in the sample, definitional difficulties, differences in the
interpretation of questions, inability or unwillingness of
respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall
information, errors made in collection such as in recording
or coding the data, errors made in processing the data,
errors made in estimating values for missing data, and failure
to represent all sample households and all persons within

sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of
the survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is used to estimate various sources of
error as well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is
inspected through reinterview at regular intervals. The results
indicate, among other things, that the data published from
the CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS reinterview program and some of the other
results may be found in the Current Population Survey
Reinterview Program, January 1961 through December
1966, Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation plan
used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies
by rotation group. A description of these effects appears in
4
The Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From
Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the
American Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349,
March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage
is about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS undercoverage
varies with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally,
undercoverage is larger for men than for women, and larger
for blacks, Hispanics, and other races combined than for
whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-race-origin
population controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage. However,
biases exist in the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed households or missed persons in interviewed
households have different characteristics than interviewed
persons in the same age-sex-race-origin group. Further, the
independent population controls used have not been adjusted
for undercoverage in the 1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS
appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by
the Current Population Survey," by Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and
Standards; in ' T h e Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of
Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and
in The Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce. This last document includes a comprehensive discussion of various sources of errors, and
describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a measure
of sampling variability, that is, of the variation that occurs
by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and its estimated




standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals,
ranges that would include the average of all possible samples
with a known probability. For example, if all possible
samples were selected, each of these surveyed under essentially the same general conditions and using the same sample design, and an estimate and its estimated error were
calculated from each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error above
the estimate would include the average result of all possible
samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors
above the estimate would include the average of all possible
samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2 standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors above
the estimate would include the average result of all possible
samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable
to a large number of estimates and could be prepared at a
moderate cost, a number of approximations are required.
First, the standard errors in this volume reflect the sample
design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State estimates. Thus, these standard errors may
slightly overstate the standard errors applicable to the present design. Second, instead of computing an individual standard error for each estimate, generalized sets of standard errors are computed for various types of characteristics. This
generalization yields more stable estimates of the standard
errors. Consequently, the sets of standard errors provided
give an indication of the order of magnitude of the standard
error of an estimate rather than the precise standard error.
Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for major employment status characteristics for monthly estimates
and for changes for consecutive months. These standard errors are applicable to the level of the estimates in recent
months.
Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors
for monthly level and month-to-month change for estimated
totals, unemployment rates, and percentages. Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly level and month-tomonth change for percentages. Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in the table may be approximated by linear interpolation. The standard error for
estimated changes from one month to the next is more closely
related to the monthly level for the characteristic than to the
size of the specific month-to-month change itself. Thus, in
order to use the generalized standard errors for month-tomonth change as given in the tables of standard errors, it
is necessary to obtain the monthly estimate for the
characteristic. It should be noted that the tables of standard
errors for month-to-month change apply only to estimates of
131

Table B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(in thousands)
Standard error of—

Employment status, sex,
age, and race

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Monthly
level

Month-tomonth
change
(consecutive
months only)

275
293
136

212
224
140

173
186
93

151
163
95

211
212
83

155
160
87

88
92
59

94
102
66

94
104
68

73
79
71

59
64
44

51
57
47

76
76
45

50
54
48

36
33
30

40
38
33

change between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of change
for nonconsecutive months are subject to higher standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with tables D, F, H,
and I to compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor
force participation rates, and percentages as pertaining to the
year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages,
changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes
in yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes in
quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive
quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the standard
errors must be adjusted due to the differences in the sample
size. For years prior to 1956, the standard errors should be
multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66 period, they should
be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard errors for quarterly estimates of persons and families for
use with the CPS earnings data.
Standard errors for estimated totals. Tables D and E provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals and for
month-to-month change. The figures given in these tables
are to be used for the characteristics as indicated.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number of
persons working a specific number of hours was 12,000,000,
an increase of 400,000 over the previous month. Linear interpolation in the second column of table D shows that the
standard error on an estimate of 12,000,000 is about 174,000.
The 68-percent confidence interval as shown by these data
is from 11,826,000 to 12,174,000. Therefore, a conclusion
that the average estimate derived from all possible samples

Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics
Standard error of—
Characteristic

Characteristic
Monthly level

Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White workers
Black workers
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over

0.11
.15
.16
.67
.11
.51
.15
.19
.12
.34
.06

Consecutivemonth change
0.12
.15
.17
.81
.12
.54
.17
.21
.12
.42
.07

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and managerial . . .
Professional specialty
Technicians and related support
Sales
Administrative support, including clerical . . . .
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective

132




Standard error of—

.22
.19
Al
.29
.23
1.18
.76

.24
.21
.52
.33
.26
1.33
.85

.39

.43

Monthly level

Occupation—Continued
Precision production, craft, and repair
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

Consecutivemonth change

0.32

0.36

.49
.59

55
.66

.72
.68

.82
.76

.12
1.63
.65
.26
.33
.42

.13
1.86
.75
.29
.37
.47

.42
.27
.20
.23
1.16

.48
.30
.22
.25
1.32

Industry
Nonagncultural private wage and salary
workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

lies within a range computed in this way would be correct
for roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that
the standard error of a month-to-month change is primarily
dependent on the size of the monthly estimate. Thus, using
linear interpolation in the first column of table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change of 400,000, when the
monthly level is approximately 12,000,000, is about 129,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability
of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated percentage, computed using sample data for both numerator and
denominator, depends upon both the size of the rate or
percentage and the total upon which the rate or percentage
is based. Estimated rates and percentages are relatively more
reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator
of the rates or percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of 50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are not published when the monthly base is less than
75,000, the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or
the annual average base is less than 35,000.
Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for
monthly level and month-to-month change for unemployment
rates. Generalized standard errors for estimated monthly
percentages and estimated month-to-month change in percentage can be obtained through the use of the standard errors
in table H and the factors in table I. First obtain the standard error from table H for the specific percentage and base.

The generalized standard error is then calculated by multiplying the standard error from table H by the appropriate factor from table I. When the numerator and denominator of
the percentage are in different categories, use the factor indicated by the numerator of the percentage.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month 2.9 percent of
a total of 112,440,000 employed persons are employed in
agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 2.9 percent with a base of 112,440,000 is obtained from table H
(0.08 percent). The appropriate factor from table I for the
numerator of the percentage, agricultural employment, is
1.26. The generalized standard error on the estimated 2.9
percent is then approximately 0.08 x 1.26 = 0.10 percentage point.
Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly estimates,
quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly
averages, and changes in yearly averages. The approximate
standard errors of levels, rates, and percentages involving
year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages,
changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes
in yearly averages may be obtained by using table J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for estimates
of change are more closely related to the level of the estimate
than to the size of the specific change. Thus, to obtain the
standard error of an estimate of an average level, rate, or

Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(in thousands)
Characteristic1
Unemployment

Labor force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment

Estimated monthly level
Agricultural
employment

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000. . .
15,000. . .
20,000 . . .
30,000 . . .
40,000 . . .
50,000 . . .
60,000 . . .
70,000 . . .
80,000 . . .
100,000. .
120,000. .
140,000. .

15
21
47
66
93
131
159
182
202

Total or
white

Black

Total or
white

Black

11
16
36
51
72
101
123
141
156
188
213

12
17
38
53
73
97
110
116

12
17
37
52
74
104
126
145
161
193
219
259
286
306
319
326
327
314
274
195

12
17
37
51
70
92
104
109
108
74

1
When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group
which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard
error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error




Total or
Total or
Black men
white men
only, or
white, 16 to Black, 16 to
only, or
19
years
women only
19 years
women only

12
17
36
50
68
86
92
88
72

12
16
32
35

11
15
34
49
68
95
115
132
145
172
191
215
225
222
206
172
107

10
14
31
43
58
73
76
69
47

of the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use
the column for total employed.

133

Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(in thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural
employment

Unemployment
Estimated monthly level

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
1
2

Total or white

Both sexes 16
to 19 years,
or part-time
labor force2

Black

Black, 16 to
19 years

Total or white

Black

13
18
40
56
78
108
129
144
157
177
184
_
-

14
20
45
63
89
124
150
_
-

13
19
41
57
76
95
99
89
58
-

14
20
38
41
_
-

9
12
27
39
55
77
93
107
119
143
163
192
213
228
238
244
245
237
212
160

9
12
27
38
52
68
78
82
81
59
_
-

See footnote 1, table D.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons reentering

percentage, or an estimate of a change in level, rate, or
percentage, it is first necessary to find the appropriate
estimate of level. For an estimate of an average level, rate,
or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For
an estimate of change in level, rate, or percentage, find the
standard error of the average of the two estimates affecting
the change. Then, after computing the standard error by
treating these estimates as monthly estimates and using the
procedures above, multiply this result by a suitable factor
from table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the
average or change.
Illustration. Suppose that one is interested in the year-to-year
change of a monthly unemployment rate. Assume that for
a certain month the unemployment rate is 6.2 percent,
based on a total of 119,865,000 in the civilian labor force,
and that a year prior to this the unemployment rate was 7.0
percent, based on a total of 117,834,000 in the civilian labor
force for the month. First, the standard error on the average
of the two estimates, 6.6 percent with a base of 118,850,000,
is obtained from table F (0.11 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate
standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then given
by 0.11 x 1.40 = 0.15 percentage point.
The approximate standard error of levels involving yearto-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using
table K in conjunction with the following formula:
134




Total or white, Black, 16 to
16 to 19 years
19 years

14
20
43
59
80
100
104
94
65
-

14
19
37
39
_

-

-

-

the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by duration of
unemployment.

Standard
error of
year-to-year
change =

X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the estimate for
another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a measure of the correlation between the estimates X and Y resulting from the
presence of some of the same respondents in the sample for
each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of
quarterly estimates, the values of P are 0.30 for persons
(total, white, and black) and 0.35 for families (total, white,
and black). The respective values for estimates of Hispanics
are 0.45 and 0.55.
Illustration. Assume that in a given quarter the number of
women employed as full-time wage and salary workers was
27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year later, their number
had increased to 29,000,000. Using linear interpolation in
the eighth column of table K, the standard error of an estimate
of 27,000,000 is 216,000; for 29,000,000 it is 221,000. Using the above formula, the standard error of the 2,000,000
year-to-year change is:
<sj (216,000) 2 + (221,000)2 -2(0.30) (216,000) (221,000),
or about 259,000.

Table F. Standard errors for unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
Monthly base of unemployment rate
(in thousands)
50
100
500
1 000
2,000
4,000
6,000
10,000
20,000
60,000
100,000
120,000
140,000

1

2

5

10

15

20

25

2.28
1.61
.72
.51
.36
.25
.21
.16
.11
.07
.05
.05
.04

3.20
2.26
1.01
.72
.51
.36
.29
.23
.16
.09
.07
.07
.06

4.98
3.52
1.58
1.11
.79
.56
.45
.35
.25
.14
.11
.10
.09

6.85
4.84
2.16
1.53
1.08
.77
.62
.48
.34
.20
.15
.14
.13

8.13
5.75
2.57
1.82
1.29
.91
.74
.58
.41
.24
.18
.17
.15

9.09
6.43
2.88
2.03
1.44
1.02
.83
.64
.45
.26
.20
.19
.17

9.82
6.94
3.11
2.20
1.55
1.10
.90
.69
.49
.28
.22
.20
.19

-

30

35

50

10.36
7.33
3.28
2.32
1.64
1.16
.95
.73
.52
.30
.23
.21
.20

10.75
7.60
3.40
2.40
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
.31
.24
.22
.21

11.12
7.87
3.52
2.49
1.76
1.24
1.02
.79
.56
.32
.25
.23
.21

Table G. Standard errors for month-to-month change in unemployment rates
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
Monthly base of unemployment rate
(in thousands)
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
10,000
20,000
60,000
100,000
120,000
140,000

1

2

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

50

2.53
1.79
.80
.57
.40
.28
.23
.18
.13
.07
.06
.05
.05

3.57
2.52
1.13
.80
.56
.40
.33
.25
.18
.10
.08
.07
.07

5.60
3.96
1.77
1.25
.88
.63
.51
.39
.28
.16
.12
.11
.10

7.83
5.53
2.47
1.75
1.23
.87
.71
.55
.38
.21
.15
.14

9.47
6.69
2.99
2.11
1.49
1.05
.86
.66
.46
.24
.17
.15

10.79
7.63
3.41
2.41
1.70
1.20
.97
.75
.51
.27
.18

11.91
8.42
3.76
265
1.87
1.32
1.07
.82
.56
.28

12.87
9.10
4.06
2.87
2.02
1.42
1.15
.88
.60

13.71
9.69
4.33
3.05
2.15
1.51
1.22
.93
.62

15.67
11.08
4.94
3.48
2.44
1.70
1.37
1.03

Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-monthi change in percentages for labor force data
Percentage of monthly level
Monthly base of percentages
(in thousands)
50
100
500
1,000
2 000
4,000
6,000
10,000
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000

1 or 99

2 or 98

5 or 95

10 or 90

15 or 85

20 or 80

2.34
1.65
.74
.52
.37
.26
.21
.17
.12
.08
.07
.06
.05
.05
.04
.04

3.29
2.33
1.04
.74
.52
.37
.30
.23
.16
.12
.10
.08
.07
.07
.06
.06

5.12
3.62
1.62
1.15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.26
.18
.15
.13
.11
.10
.10
.09

7.05
4.99
2.23
1.58
1.12
.79
.64
.50
.35
.25
.20
.18
.16
.14
.13
.12

8.39
5.94
2.65
1.88
1.33
.94
.77
.59
.42
.30
.24
.21
.19
.17
.16
.15

9.40
6.65
2.97
2.10
1.49
1.05
.86
.66
.47
.33
.27
.24
.21
.19
.18
.17

25 or 75 30 or 70 35 or 65
10.18
7.20
3.22
2.28
1.61
1.14
.93
.72
.51
.36
.29
.25
.23
.21
.19
.18

10.77
7.62
3.41
2.41
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
.38
.31
.27
.24
.22
.20
.19

11.21
7.93
3.55
2.51
1.77
1.25
1.02
.79
.56
.40
.32
.28
.25
.23
.21
.20

50
11.75
8.31
3.72
2.63
1.86
1.31
1.07
.83
.59
.42
.34
.29
.26
.24
.22
.21

NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in
table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specific characteristic.




135

Table I. Factors to be used with table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month
change in percentages
Factor

Factor
Characteristic

Characteristic

Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total
Men only
Women only
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part-time labor force

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.26
1.26

1.05
1.50
.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18

1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.01

1.21

.97
.97

1.08
1.21

1.04
1.04

1.13
1.24

Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration of
unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Black:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Table J. Factors to be used with tables D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages,
and change in yearly averages
Factor
Characteristic

Year-to-year
change of monthly
estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in
yearly
averages

1.30
1.30
1.40

0.89
.83
.74

0.80
.80
.80

0.72
.58
.46

0.70
.70
.70

1.30
1.30
1.40

.88
.82
.74

.88
.88
.88

.67
.57
.46

.70
.70
.60

1.40
1.40

.76
.69

.88
.88

.50
.39

.65
.54

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Part time
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment:
Total or white
Black or teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Pact time

136




Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly levels, to be used with CPS earnings data
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Women

Men

Total
Estimated quarterly level
Part-time
workers

10
50
75
100
150
200
£\j\J

300
500
750
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
5,000
7,500
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
75,000
100,000




5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
76
83
107
130
149
180
205
226
224
273
296
331
343

Total or
white
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
85
93
119
145
165
198
224
244
261
286
301
304
255

Total, full-time, or
part-time workers

Total or full-time workers

Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers
Black
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
46
53
63
72
79
85
100
107
102
102

5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
144
187
192
207
219
233

Total

White

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
117
140
157
183
199
209
212
201
160
160

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
116
138
155
179
193
199
198
174
100

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
29
37
45
50
59
65
69
71
64
64

Total or
white
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
145
173
195
211
224
242
249

Black
5
11
13
15
19
21
24
26
33
41
46
56
63
69
74
85
88

Establishment Data
(Tables B-1 through C-8)
COLLECTION
Payroll reports provide current information on wage and
salary employment, hours, and earnings in nonfarm establishments, by industry and geographic location. Historical
statistics are published in Employment, Hours, and Earnings,
United States, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States
and Areas, and their supplements.
Federal-State cooperation
Under cooperative arrangements, responding establishments report employment, hours, and earnings data to State
agencies. State agencies mail the forms to the establishments
and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the reported data to prepare State
and area series and also send the reported data to the BLS
(Washington Office) for use in preparing the national series.
This avoids a duplicate reporting burden on establishments,
and, together with the use of similar estimating techniques
at the national and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates.
Shuttle schedules
Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and
Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent each
month so that the next month's data can be entered on the
space allotted for that month. This "shuttle" procedure
assures maximum comparability and accuracy of reporting,
since the respondent can see the figures that have been
reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total
number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of nonfarm establishments and, for most industries, employment,
payroll, and hours of production and related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay period which includes the
12th of the month.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified
into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume.
Since January 1980, this information is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports
filed by employers. For an establishment making more than
one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the




industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Nation (beginning with August 1990 data) and for States and
areas (beginning with January 1990 data) are classified in
accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) Manual, Office of Management and Budget. The BLS
tabulates and estimates statistics which distinguish between
private and public establishments, thus maintaining continuity
with previously published statistics for the private and
government sector.
Industry employment
Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received
pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th
of the month. For Federal Government establishments,
employment figures represent the number of persons who
occupied positions on the last day of the calendar month.
Intermittent workers are counted if they performed any service during the month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid
volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic
workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included.
Government employment covers only civilian employees;
military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central
Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency are
also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick
leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid
holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the
pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike
during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not
counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on leave
without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who were
hired but have not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of employment change (table B-7).
These indexes measure the dispersion among industries of
the change in employment over the specified time span.
Beginning with August 1990 data, the overall indexes are
calculated from 356 seasonally adjusted employment series
(three-digit industries) covering all nonfarm payroll employment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffusion indexes are based on 139 three-digit industries.
To derive the indexes, each component industry is assigned
a value of 0, 50, or 100 percent, depending on whether its
employment showed a decrease, no change, or an increase,
respectively, over the time span. The average value (mean) is
then calculated, and this percent is the diffusion index number.
The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent,
the value which indicates that the same number of component

industries had increased as had decreased. Index numbers
above 50 show that more industries had increasing employment, and values below 50 indicate that more had decreasing
employment. The margin between the percent that increased
and the percent that decreased is equal to the difference
between the index and its complement, i.e., 100 minus the
index. For example, an index of 65 percent means that 30
percent more industries had increasing employment than had
decreasing employment (65-( 100-65)=30). However, for
dispersion analysis, the distance of the index number from
the 50-percent reference point is the most significant
observation.
Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpreted as
showing the percent of components that increased over the
time span, it should be remembered that the index reflects
half of the unchanged components as well. (This is the effect of assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged components when computing the index.)
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports
of payrolls and hours for production and related workers in
manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private serviceproducing industries.
Production and related workers include working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group
leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing,
assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling, maintenance,
repair, janitorial, guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant),
recordkeeping, and other services closely associated with the
above production operations.
Construction workers include the following employees in
the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified
craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers,
etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair,
maintenance, etc., whether working at the site of construction or working in shops or yards at jobs (such as precutting
and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the
construction trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not above
the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research
aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, line
installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services are
closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th
of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions of




any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insurance,
Group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union dues; also
included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation, and sick
leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and
paid regularly each pay period); other pay not earned in the
pay period reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips; and the value
of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such as health and other types
of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc., paid by the
employer) are also excluded.
Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period which
includes the 12th of the month for production, construction,
or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours paid for
holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is received
directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production or
related workers for which overtime premiums were paid
because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of
either the straight-time workday or the workweek during the
pay period which included the 12th of the month. Weekend
and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums
were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard,
incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are
excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates
to the average hours for which pay was received and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled
hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further
reflect changes in the workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate
weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's
aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures for 1982.
For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product
of average weekly hours and production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry
aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum of the component
aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that
portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular
hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If an
employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular rates,
receiving as total compensation his or her holiday pay plus
straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime
hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition,
weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in
the same direction from month to month. Such factors as
work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not
have the same influence on overtime hours as on average
hours. Diverse trends at the industry group level also may
be caused by a marked change in hours for a component

industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the
previous and current months.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on
a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors
as premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changes
in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They also
reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively
high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups and
divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings
for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period
of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of
work or time. The earnings series do not measure the level
of total labor costs on the part of the employer since the
following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items,
payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by
employers, and earnings for those employees not covered
under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage
payments. These series are compiled only for aircraft (SIC
3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (sic 3761)
manufacturing. The same concepts and estimation methods
apply to these series as apply to the average hourly earnings
series described above; the one difference between the series
is definitional. The payroll data used to calculate this series
include lump-sum payments made to production workers in
lieu of general wage rate increases; such payments are excluded from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate
the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 and SIC 3761
covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data
are adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year and
cover the following 12-month period. In order to spread the
payment across this time period, a prorated portion of the
payment is added to the payroll each month. This prorated
portion is adjusted by an exit rate to reduce the lump-sum
amount to account for persons who received the payment but
left "before the payment allocation period expired.
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay are computed
by dividing the total production worker payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours
and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are
made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time
and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads
(excluding switching and terminal companies) are based on
140




monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees
except executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC group
I) who received pay during the month. Average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total
hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by
dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a
weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above.
Average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average
weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but
also by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly
variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time
workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees
are not paid may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-term trends of average weekly earnings can be affected by structural changes in the makeup of the work force.
For example, persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced average workweeks in these
industries and have affected the average weekly earnings
series.
Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are
calculated from the earnings averages for the current month
using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price Index for
Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPi-w).
ESTIMATING METHODS
The principal features of the procedure used to estimate
employment for the establishment statistics are (1) the use
of the "link relative" technique, which is a form of ratio
estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of employment levels
to new benchmarks; and (3) the use of size and regional
stratification.
The 'link relative" technique
From a sample composed of establishments reporting for
both the previous and current months, the ratio of currentmonth employment to that of the previous month is computed. This is called a "link relative." The estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month
by these "link relatives." In addition, bias correction factors are applied to most employment estimates each month.
The size of the bias correction factors is determined from
past benchmark comparisons. Beginning with data for April
1983, these factors are modified by changes in the

sample link relatives for the most recent quarter. Other
features of the general procedures are described in table L.

a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size stratum of a region
within an industry.

Size and regional stratification

Benchmark adjustments

A number of industries are stratified by size of establishment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the hours and earnings for aggregation into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment, hours, or
earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a whole industry or

Employment estimates are compared periodically with
benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for the
various nonfarm industries, and appropriate adjustments are
made as indicated. The industry estimates are currently projected from March 1989 levels. Benchmark adjustments are
made annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are

Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Employment, hours,
and earnings

Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or
region/size cell)

Aggregate industry level (division and,
where stratified, industry)

Monthly data
All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by
ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month, for sample establishments
which reported for both months.1

Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells.

All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by
(1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to
all employees in sample establishments for current
month, (2) estimated ratio of women to all employees.2

Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates,
or estimates of women employees, for component cells.

Average weekly hours

Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by
number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2

Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory
worker employment, of the average weekly hours for
component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours

Production worker overtime hours divided by number
of production workers.2

Average, weighted by production worker employment, o\
the average weekly overtime hours for component cells.

Average hourly earnings

Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll
divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker
hours.2

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average
hourly earnings for component cells.

Average weekly earnings

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

All employees

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
employees

Annual average data
All employees, w'omen employees, and
production or nonsupervisory workers

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Average weekly hours

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by average
weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment

Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers.

Average weekly overtime hours

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (production
worker employment multiplied by average weekly
overtime hours) divided by annual sum of employment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for production
workers divided by annual sum of employment for
these workers.

Average hourly earnings

Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by weekly
hours and hourly earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by annual
aggregate hours.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.

Average weekly earnings

1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed
enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly
hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by




a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising
mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure
accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and,
at the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest
sample average.

141

agencies from reports of establishments covered under State
unemployment insurance laws. These tabulations cover about
98 percent of employees on nonfarm payrolls in the United
States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained from
the records of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate Commerce Commission, and a number of other agencies
in private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared with
new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are
necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new benchmark and
the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry
is then carried forward progressively to the current month
by use of the sample trends. Thus, under this procedure, the
benchmark is used to establish the level of employment; the
sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in
the level. A comparison of the actual amounts of revisions
made at the time of the March 1988 benchmark adjustment
is shown in table M.
Normally, data for all months since the last benchmark
to which the series has been adjusted are subject to revision.
Revised data are published as soon as possible after each
benchmark revision.
THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is
known as "sampling proportionate to average size of
establishment." This design is an optimum allocation design
among strata since the sampling variance is proportional to
the average size of establishments. Under this type of design,
large establishments fall into the sample with certainty. The
size of the sample for the various industries is determined
empirically on the basis of experience and of cost considerations. In a manufacturing industry in which a high proportion of total employment is concentrated in relatively few
establishments, a larger percent of total employment is
Table M. Comparison of nonfarm employment benchmarks and
estimates for March 1989
1987 SIC-

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
1

RonphrTiQrl^
D"l IL/I If I Id I r\




The BLS sample of establishment employment and payrolls
is the largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social
statistics. Table N shows the latest benchmarks and the approximate proportion of total employment in each industry
division covered by the group of establishments furnishing
monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions
shown.

haepH
UctbfcJU

Difference

estimate

Level

Percent

107,026

107,073

-47

(1)

678
4,741
19,396

703
4,813
19,585

-25
-72
-189

-3.7
-1.5
-1.0

5,549
6,195
19,115

5,646
6,145
19,023

-97
50
92

-1.7
.8
.5

6,639
26,702
18,011

6,714
26,479
17,965

-75
223
46

-1.1
.8
.3

Less than 0.05 percent.

142

Coverage

Reliability

(In thousands)
Industry

included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for
such industries provides for a complete census of the large
establishments with only a few chosen from among the
smaller establishments or none at all if the concentration of
employment is great enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is
in small establishments, the sample design calls for inclusion of all large establishments and also for a substantial
number of the small ones. Many industries in the trade and
services divisions fall into this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by available resources,
it is necessary to design samples for these industries with
a smaller proportion of universe employment than is the case
for most manufacturing industries. Since individual
establishments in these nonmanufacturing divisions generally
show less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than do establishments in manufacturing industries,
these smaller samples (in terms of employment) generally
produce reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS establishment survey program,
with its emphasis on producing timely data at minimum cost,
a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of
a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide
reasonably reliable estimates that can be published promptly and regularly. The present sample meets these specifications for most industries. With its use, the BLS is able to produce preliminary estimates each month for many industries
and for many geographic levels within a few weeks after the
reference period, and, at a somewhat late date, statistics in
considerably greater industrial detail.

Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment
sample assures a high degree of accuracy, the estimates
derived from it may differ from the figures that would be
obtained if it were possible to take a complete census using
the same schedules and procedures. As discussed under the
previous section, a link relative technique is used to estimate
employment. This requires the use of the previous month's
estimate as the base in computing the current month's
estimate. Thus, small sampling and response errors may accumulate over several months. To remove this accumulated
error, the estimates are adjusted annually to new
benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and

Table N. Employment benchmarks and approximate coverage
of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 1989
Sample coverage1
Industry

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government:
Federal
State
Local

Benchmarks Number of
(thousands) establishments

Employees
Number
Percent of
(thousands) benchmarks

107,026

282,003

39,158

37

678
4,741
19,396

3,352
27,194
51,253

261
948

9,377

38
20
48

5,549
6,195
19,115

214,673
25,311
55,477

22,149
1,120
4,136

39

6,639
26,702

21,001
63,877

2,139
6,184

32
23

2,976
4,257
10,778

4,437
15,428

2,976
3,207
6,661

100
75
62

(3)

18
22

1
Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Since not all establishments
report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings estimates are based
on a smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete count of employment for Class I railroads. A small sample is used to estimate hours and earnings data.
3
Total Federal employment counts by agency for use in national estimates
are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry
estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal
employment, are based on a sample of 5,000 reports covering about 56 percent of employment in Federal establishments.

in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments. Another cause of differences arises from improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O
presents the average percent revisions of the five most recent benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed
descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are available
from the Bureau upon request.
The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating cells
are not subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader
groupings may be affected slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings estimates, however,
are subject to sampling errors, which may be expressed as
relative errors of the estimates. (A relative error is a standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate.) Relative
errors for major industries are presented in table O and for
individual industries with the specified number of employees
in table P. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours
and earnings estimates from the sample would differ by a
smaller percentage than the relative error from the averages
that would have been obtained from a complete census.
One measure of the reliability of the employment estimates
for individual industries is the root-mean-square error
(RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for
the bias in estimates:
RMSE

Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment
estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)

Industry

Total
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities.
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Government3

Average
benchmark
revision in
employment
estimates1

Relative error2
Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

0.2

-

-

.2
2.6
1.4
.8
.6
.9
.7
1.1
.5

0.1
1.0

0.2
1.3

.2

.5

.1
.1
.1
.7
.2
.2

.2
.3
.2
.6
.4
.4

.5
.4
.4

.2
.4
-

.4
.6
-

=

(standard deviation) 2

If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that
an estimate from the sample would differ from its benchmark
by less than the root-mean-square error. The chances are
about 19 out of 20 that the difference would be less than twice
the root-mean-square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based on
the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences between
final estimates and benchmarks are presented in table P.
For the two most recent months, estimates of employment,
hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so footnoted in
the tables. These figures are based on less than the total sample and are revised when all the reports in the sample have
been received. Table Q presents root-mean-square errors of
Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average
hourly earnings

1

The average percent revision in employment for the 1985-89 benchmarks.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
3
Data for government are based on a total count for Federal Government provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a sample of State and local
government reports.
2

response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts the estimates
for changes in the industrial classification of individual
establishments (resulting from changes in their product which
are not reflected in the levels of estimates until the data are
adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed
industry levels, particularly within manufacturing, changes




(bias) 2

+

Size of employment estimate

50,000
100,000
200,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000
1
2

Root-meansquare
error of
employment
estimates1
2,100
3,900
5,600
14,000
15,000
26,000

Relative error2
(in percent)
Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

2.2
1.3
1.1
.9
.8
.5

4.0
2.3
2.0
1.6
1.2
.9

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

143

the amounts of revisions that may be expected between the
preliminary and final levels of employment and preliminary
and final month-to-month changes. Revisions of preliminary
hours and earnings estimates are normally not greater than
0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1 cent for hourly
earnings.

STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
State and area employment, hours, and earnings data are
collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with
BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Defini-

tions for all areas are published each year in the issue of
Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may
be obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back
cover of each issue. These statistics are based on the same
establishment reports used by BLS for preparing national
estimates. For employment, the sum of the State figures may
differ slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a
national basis, because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification.

Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Root-mean-square error of—

Root-mean-square error of—
Industry

Monthly
level

Month-to-month
change

Total

76,100

75,200

Total private

59,700

57,100

Goods-producing industries

21,700

21,100

Mining
Oil and gas extraction

3,700
3,100

3,400
2,800

Construction
General building contractors

13,800
5,200

14,600
5,400

Manufacturing

16,700

17,700

12,600
2,100
1,600
1,500
4,000

11,600
1,900
1,600
1,500
3,800

3,000
2,200

2,700
2,100

5,600

6,600

4,200
7,200
6,000
2,000
1,800

4,100
6,700
6,100
2,100
1,600

8,300
5,200
1,400
1,800

8,200
4,900
1,300
1,600

4,300
1,500

4,000
1,400

Industry

Monthly
level

Month-to-month
change

2,100
2,600
1,200

2,000
2,800
1,200

1,600
1,400

1,600
1,300

71,200

69,300

14,500
12,600
5,500

12,900
10,500
4,900

7,800
5,600
4,900

7,100
4,900
4,300

35,200
22,300
7,000

30,800
19,800
6,100

4,000
8,800

4,900
7,700

8,000
4,000
3,600
4,300

6,700
3,500
3,000
3,800

Services
Business services
Health services

31,000
11,000
8,500

32,100
10,400
7,800

Government
Federal
State
Local

51,900
16,100
20,800
35,600

45,800
11,600
16,900
36,200

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products . .
Petroleum and coal products . . .
Rubber and misc. plastics
products
Leather and leather products . . .
Service-producing industries

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products . . . .
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products .
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic
steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery
and equipment
Electronic and other
electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment.
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing . . .
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile
products
Paper and allied products

Transportation and public utilities . . . .
Transportation
Communications and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and
service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate . .
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

NOTE: Data are based on differences from December 1984 through December 1989.

144




Productivity Data
(Tables C-9 through C-11)
COLLECTION
Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics from establishment and household survey labor input data and from measures of compensation and output supplied by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the Federal
Reserve Board.
CONCEPTS
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural
establishments (table C-9) refer to hours paid for all
employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers,
and salaried workers. For productivity and cost measures
(tables C-10, 11), hours of all persons include hours of
employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. Labor
input is measured by hours at the work site.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final goods
and services produced in a given period. Indexes of output
per hour of all persons (productivity) measure changes in
the volume of goods and services produced per hour at work.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries of
employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance
and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate
of wages, salaries, and supplementary payments for the selfemployed, except for nonfinancial corporations, in which
there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per hour adjusted by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).

Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost required to produce one unit of output and are derived by
dividing compensation per hour by output per hour.
Unit nonlaborpayments include profits, capital consump-

tion allowances, interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes per unit of output. They are computed by subtracting compensation of all persons from the current-dollar
gross product originating in the sector and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor payments except unit profits.
Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the
current-dollar estimate of gross product by the constantdollar estimate, making the deflator, in effect, a price index
for gross product of the sector reported.
NOTES ON THE DATA
For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector,
these indexes relate to the gross domestic product less general
government, households and institutions, owner-occupied
housing, and the statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic
product of nonfinancial corporate business. All measures are
seasonally adjusted.
Manufacturing output data are supplied by the Bureau of
Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, and the
Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to annual estimates
of output (gross product originating) from the Bureau of
•Economic Analysis.
Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear
in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81, BLS Bulletin
2178. Additional information may be obtained from the
Office of Productivity and Technology (202-523-9261).

State and Area Labor Force Data
(D table)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor
market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under Federal
assistance programs are developed by State employment
security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative program.
The local unemployment estimates which are derived from
standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis for
determining eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal
programs such as the Job Training and Partnership Act, the
Economic Dislocation and Worker Adjustment Assistance
Act, and the Urban Development Action Grant program.
Annual average data for the States and areas shown in table




D are published in Employment and Earnings (usually the
May issue). For regions, States, selected metropolitan areas,
and central cities, annual average data classified by selected
demographic, social, and economic characteristics are
published in the BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other small
areas have been prepared for administration of various Federal
economic assistance programs and may be ordered from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The report "Unemployment in
States and Local Areas" is published monthly through GPO and
is available in microfiche form only, on a subscription basis.
145

ESTIMATING METHODS
Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment
estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, and over 2,600 labor market areas. The
estimation methods are described below for States (and the
District of Columbia) and for sub-State areas. A more
detailed description of the estimation procedure is contained
in the BLS document, "Manual for Developing Local Area
Unemployment Statistics."
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force and
unemployment estimates for the 11 largest States—California,
Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New
York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas—are
sufficiently reliable to be taken directly from the Current
Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly basis. These are
termed "direct-use States." For a description of the CPS
concepts, see "Household Data," above.
For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia,
which do not use the CPS directly each month, regression
models (sets of equations) are used to develop employment
and unemployment estimates. These, then, are the "nondirect-use" States. The regression techniques are based on
historical and current relationships found within each State's
economy as reflected in the different sources of data that are
available for each State—the CPS, the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) survey, and the unemployment insurance (Ul)
system. When the estimation procedures were introduced in
1989, over 10 years of data were used to develop the
equations for each State. While all the State models have
important variables in common, they differ somewhat from
one another so as to better reflect individual State characteristics.
Two models—one for employment and one for the
unemployment rate—are used for each State. The unemployment rate, rather than the unemployment level, is modeled,
primarily because the rate is usually more meaningful for
economic analysis.
The employment models use the CES estimates of nonfarm
wage and salary jobs and also include data for employed
persons not covered or only partially covered by the CES
survey. Typically, these are agricultural workers, the selfemployed, unpaid family workers, and private household
workers.
The unemployment rate models also include different types
of data. Data for Ul claimants (without earnings due to employment) are used to represent most of the experienced
unemployed. The models also include an employment-topopulation ratio which reflects both the business cycle and
the experienced unemployed not covered by the ui claims
data. New entrants and reentrants into the labor force are
also reflected in the models. For some States, the models
include variables which reflect seasonal factors not reflected
in the other data used, such as the large increase in the labor
force at the end of the school year.
In both the employment and unemployment rate models,
146




an important feature is the use of a technique that allows the
equations to adjust automatically to structural changes that
occur. The models are termed "variable coefficient models"
because they include a built-in tuning mechanism, known as
the Kalman Filter, which revises a model's coefficients when
the new data that become available each month indicate that
changes in the data relationships have taken place. Once the
estimates are developed from the models, the unemployment
level and labor force estimates are calculated.
Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, monthly
estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and the District
of Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the
annual average CPS estimates. The benchmarking technique
employs a procedure (called the Denton method) which
adjusts the annual average of the models to equal the CPS
annual average, while preserving, as much as possible, the
original monthly seasonal pattern of the model estimates.
In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction is
required, as the average of the 12 monthly State CPS
estimates will equal the CPS annual averages.
Estimates for sub-State areas
Monthly labor force and employment estimates for two
large sub-State areas—New York City and the Los AngelesLong Beach metropolitan area—are obtained directly from
the CPS. Estimates for all other sub-State areas, more than
2,600 labor market: areas (LMA'S), are prepared through indirect estimation techniques, described below.
Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilian
employment estimates are based on CES data. These "placeof-work" estimates must be adjusted to refer to place-ofresidence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from
place-of-work to place-of-residence have been developed for
several categories of employment on the basis of employment
relationships at the time of the 1980 decennial census. These
factors are applied to the CES estimates for the current period
to obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which are added
estimates for employment not represented in the CES—
agriculture, nonagricultural self-employed and unpaid family
workers, and private household workers.
Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the current month,
the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the estimates
for each of three categories: (1) persons who were previously
employed in industries covered by State Ul laws; (2) those
previously employed in industries not covered by these laws;
and (3) those who were entering the civilian labor force for
the first time or reentering after a period of separation.
Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employment
and unemployment are prepared for the State and LMA'S
within the State. The LMA estimates geographically exhaust
the entire State. Thus, a proportional adjustment must be
applied to all sub-State LMA estimates to ensure that they add
to the independently estimated State totals for employment
and unemployment.

Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State
estimates are revised. The revisions incorporate any changes
in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based employment
figures, corrections in claims counts, and updated historical

relationships. The corrected estimates are then readjusted to
add to the revised (benchmarked) State estimates of
employment and unemployment.

Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp
fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in
weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major
holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. Because
these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical and
other nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating
changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note
that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based
on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a
broader margin of possible error than the original data on
which they are based, since they are subject not only to
sampling and other errors but are also affected by the
uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself.
Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and
establishment-based data are published monthly in
Employment and Earnings.
Since January 1980, national labor force data have been
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll AR1MA
(Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was
developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the standard
X-ll method. A detailed description of the procedure appears
in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method by Estela
Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E,
January 1983.
At the beginning of each calendar year, projected seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated for use during the JanuaryJune period. In July of each year, BLS calculates and
publishes in Employment and Earnings projected seasonal
adjustment factors for use in the second half, based on the
experience through June. Revisions of historical data for the
most recent 5 years are made only at the beginning of each
calendar year. However, as a result of the revisions to the
estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980 census population
counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982
were carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For
example, for each of the three major labor force components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural
employment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age
groups (men and women under and over 20 years of age)




are separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then
added to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The
seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum of eight
seasonally adjusted civilian employment components, plus
the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality),
and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the
total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment
components; and the overall unemployment rate is derived
by dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment by
the estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of various series, components will not
necessarily add to totals.
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor force
series based on the experience through December, new seasonal
adjustment factors to be used to calculate the civilian
unemployment rate for the first 6 months of the following year,
and a description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure
are published in each January issue of Employment and
Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the revision
period for a broader range of labor force series are published
in the February issue of this publication.
Since the early 1980's, the BLS has also used the X-ll
ARIMA procedure to seasonally adjust establishment-based
employment, hours, and earnings data. The X-ll ARIMA
program has been run once each year after benchmarking
and seasonal adjustment factors have been projected and
published for 12 months ahead (April-March). Beginning
in June 1989, with the introduction of the March 1988
benchmarks, the Bureau introduced a modification to this
procedure to parallel that used in seasonally adjusting
household survey data. Projected seasonal adjustment factors
are calculated and published twice a year. Revisions of
historical data will continue to be made once a year,
coincident with benchmark revisions.
All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative
models under X-l 1 ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors are
directly applied to the component levels. Seasonally adjusted
totals for most of these series are then obtained by taking
a weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data for the
component series.
Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the
product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and
seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average weekly
earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are
obtained by dividing average weekly earnings, seasonally
adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index
for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-\V), and
147

multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsupervisory
workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the 1982 annual
average base. For total private, total goods-producing, total
private service-producing, and major industry divisions, the
indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are
obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally
adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing
by the 1982 annual average base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number of
series characterized by small seasonal components relative to
their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These failed or
unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series, however, are used in
the aggregation to broader level seasonally adjusted series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government
employment are derived from unadjusted data which include
Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal
Service. The number of temporary census workers for the

148




decennial census, however, are removed prior to the
calculation of seasonal adjustment factors.
BLS has developed an extension of X-ll ARIMA to allow
it to adjust more adequately for the effects of the presence
or absence of religious holidays in the April survey reference
period and of Labor Day in the September reference period.
This extension was applied for the first time at the end of
1989 to three persons-at-work labor force series which tested
as having significant and well-defined effects in their April
data associated with the timing of Easter. This extension was
also used for the seasonal adjustment of many of the establishment-based series on average weekly hours and manufacturing overtime hours, starting with the computation of the
projected factors for the period beginning in April 1990.
Revised seasonally adjusted establishment-based series based
on the experience through May 1990, new seasonal adjustment
factors for August 1990-April 1991, and a description of the
current seasonal adjustment procedure appear in the September
1990 issue of Employment and Earnings.

* U.S. G.P.0:1990-282-697:40001

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics

Cooperating State Agencies
Current Employment Statistics (CES) and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Programs

Regional Office

BLS
Region

BLS
Region
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FL

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ALABAMA

ARIZONA

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Dppa t e it r-'Employme it Service1 1000 Fgs
j\ -df r ^vpr if rjo M o ' n e s 5 0 ^ l c t
KANSAS
[^f.cTinor
of Hi rm i Resources 401 Topeka
^v<~r r, T O p P K a 66603
KENTUCKY'
Department for Employment Services, Labor
Market Research and Analysis Branch,
275 East Ma*n St , Frankfort 40621
LOUISIANA
Department of Labor, Research and Statistics
Section, 1001 North 23rd St.. Baton Rouge
70804-9094
MAINE
Department of Labor, Division of Economic
Analysis and Research. 20 Union St
Augusta 04330
MA.RYLAND
Department of Employment and Training,
Research and Analysis Division, 1100 North
Eutaw St. Baltimore 21201
MASSACHUSETTS Department of Employment and Training,
Government Center Charles F Hurley Bldg ,
Boston 021 14
'
M'Cf-fiGAN
Fmpicvment Security Commission, Research
ana Statistics Division. Room 516, 7310
Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
MINNESOTA.
Department of Jobs and Training, Research
and Statistics Division. 5th Pi 390 North
Robert Si St Paul 55101
M'SSlSSlPPi
Employment Security Commission. Labor
Market Information Division, P.O. Box 1699
Jackson 39215-1699
MISSOURI
Division ot Employment Security, P O Box 59.
Jefferson C;ty 65 iO'i

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Department of Labor a n d Industry, P.O Box
1728, Helena 59624
Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln
68509-4600
IX NEVADA
Employment Security Department, 500 East
3rd St . Carson City 89713
I
NEW HAMPSHIRE Department of Employment Security, 32 South
Main St.. C o n c o r d 03301
Department of Labor. Division of Planning a n d
II
NEW JERSEY
Research, P O Box 2765, Trenton 08625
Employment Secunfy Commission, 401 BroadVI NEW MEXICO
way, TIWA Bldg., Albuquerque 87103
Department of Labor, Division of Research a n d
I!
NEW YORK
Statistics, State Campus. Room 400. Bldg 12.
Albany 1 2 2 4 0 0 0 2 0
IV NORTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission Labor Market
Information Division, P.O. Bo*. 25903,
Raleigh 27611
VIM NORTH DAKOTA
J o b Service, P.O Box 1537. Bismarck 58502
V
OHIO
Bureau of Employment Services Labor Market
information Division, 1 160 Dublin Rd.
Columbus 43215
VI
OKLAHOMA
Employment Security Commission.. Research
and Planning Division, 2401 North Lincoln
Oklahoma City 73105
Employment Division. 875 Union St., NF
X
OREGON
Salem 97311
III
PENNSYLVANIA
Department of Labor a n d industry. Research
and Statistics Division. Room 1216, 7th
and Forcter Sts , H a m s b u r g 17121
li
PUERTO RICO
Department ot Labor ana H u m a n Resources,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, I^th El . 505 Munoz
Rivera Avenue. Halo Rey 00918 (CES). Bureau
of Employment Security, Research a n d Analysis
Section, 15th Fi., 505 M u n o / Rivera Avenue.
Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
I
RHODE iSLAND
Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason
St.. Providence 02903
IV
SOUTH CAROLINA Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division, P.O Box 995.
Columbia 29202
VIII SOUTH DAKOTA
Department of Labor, Labor Market Information
Center, P O. Box 4730, Aberdeen 57401
Department of Employment Security, Research
IV
TENNESSEE
and Statistics Division. 519 Cordell Hull Office
Bldg. Nashville 37219
VI
TEXAS
Employment Commission, Room 208-T, 1117
Trinity St.. Austin 78778
Department of Employment Security, Labor
VIII UTAH
Market Information Services P.O. Box 11249.
Salt Lake City 84147
Department of Employment a n d Training, Office
I
VERMONT
of Policy a n d Public Information, P.O. Box 488,
Montpelier 05602
Employment Commission. Economic Information
III
VIRGINIA
Services, P.O. Box 1358. Richmond 23211
Department of Latxir. Bureau of Labor Statistics,
53 A, 54-A&B Kronprindsens Gade Charlotte
II
VIRGIN ISLANDS
Amalie. St. Thomas 00801-3359 (CES)
Employment Security Department, Labor Market
a n d Economic Analysis Branch, 605 Wocdview
X
WASHINGTON
Dr.. Olvmpia 98503
Department of Employment Security, Division
of Labor a n d Economic Security, 112 California
III
WEST VIRGINIA
Avenue, Charleston 25305
Department of Industry, Labor, a n d H u m a n
Relations. Labor Market information Bureau,
V
WISCONSIN
201 East Washington Avenue, Madison 53707
Employment Security Commission. Research
and Analysis Section, P O. Box 2?60,
VIII W Y O M I N G
Casper 8 2 6 0 2
VIII MONTANA

Department of Industrial Relations, Room 427.
industrial Relations Bldg . Montgomery 36130
Department of Labor. Research and Analysis
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