Full text of Employment and Earnings : November 1955
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Employment and Earnings NOVEMBER 1955 To renew your subscription to Employment and Earnings and to obtain additional data free of charge, see pages 9-E and 10-E. EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS IN THE EAST NORTH CENTRAL STATES 1950-1954--The East North Central story on em ployment and earnings from 1950 to 1954 is xvii. discussed on pages This is the second of articles reviewing ments in each xiii to of a series such develop Reprints will be available upon request. THE PRIMARY METAL. FABRICATED METAL, MACHINERY. AND ELECTRICAL MACHINERY INDUSTRIES SINCE 1950... The series of charts in employment, hours, shoving changes earnings, since Pag# E m p ! o y m e n l T re n d * Summary..................................................... iii Table 1: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and selected groups.............. iv Table 2: Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group..................................... v Table 3: Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group............. vi Table 4: Index of employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division............................... vii Table 5: Index of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group............................... vii Table 6 : Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division, seasonally adjusted............. viii Table 7: Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group, seasonally adjusted................ viii [NOTE: Seasonally adjusted data appear in italics!) REGIONAL PATTERNS IN EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS PART II - East North Central States...................... xiii DETAILED S T A H S H C S A -E m p !o y m e n ta n d P a y ro !!* Table A-l: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division................................ Table A-2: All employees and production workers in nonagri cultural establishments, by industry............. Table A-3: Indexes of production-worker employment and weekly payroll in manufacturing......................... Table A-4: Employees in Government and private shipyards, by region........................................... Table A-5: Federal personnel, civilian and military.......... Table A-6 : Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State...................... Table A-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division. Table A-8 : Women employees in manufacturing industries....... 1 2 7 8 9 10 13 22 and labor turnover in manufacturing indus tries CONTENTS of a group of generally homogeneous States. Vo!. 2 No. 5 1950 appear on pages ix through xii. B -L ab or T urnover Table B-l: Monthly labor turnover rates in manufacturing, by class of turnover................................ Table B-2: Monthly labor turnover rates in selected indus tries............................................ Table B-3: Monthly labor turnover rates of men and women in selected manufacturing industry groups........... 27 28 31 C-Hours and Earn in gs For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25 D.C. Subscription price: $3.50 a year; $1 additional for for eign mailing. Single copies vary in price. This issue is 40 cents. Table C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory employees......................... Table C-2: Gross average weekly earnings of production workers in selected industries, in current and 1947-49 dollars.......................................... Table C-3: Average weekly earnings, gross and net spendable, of production workers in manufacturing, in current and 1947-49 dollars.............................. Continued next page 32 41 41 Emp!oyment and Earnings CONTENTS Page C-Hour* and E arn in g s - Continved Table C-4: Average hourly earnings, gross and excluding overtime, and average veekly hours of production vorkers in manufacturing......................... Table C-5: Indexes of aggregate veekly man-hours in industrial and construction activity........................ Table C-6 : Hours and gross earnings of production vorkers in manufacturing industries for selected States and areas............................................ 42 43 45 [NOTE: Data for September 1955 are preliminary.) CHARTS The Primary Metal Industries Since 1950...................... ix The Fabricated Metal Products Industry Since 1950............ x The Machinery Industry Since 1950............................ xi The Electrical Machinery Industry Since 1950................. xii Employees in Nonagricultural Establishments, by Major Industry Division....................................................xviii Monthly Labor Turnover Rates - Manufacturing Industries...... 26 EXPLANATORY NOTES INTRODUCTION................................................. ESTABLISHMENT REPORTS: Collection................................................ Industrial Classification................................. Coverage.................................................. DEFINITIONS AND ESTIMATING METHODS: Employment................................................ Labor Turnover............. .............................. Hours and Earnings........................................ STATISTICS FCR STATES AND AREAS.............................. SUMMARY OF METHODS FOR COMPUTING NATIONAL STATISTICS......... GL06SARY..................................................... 1-E 1-E 1-E 1-E 2-E 3*E 4-E 5-E 6-E 7-E REGIONAL OFFICES AND COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES...Inside back cover The national employment figures shovn in this report have been adjusted to first quarter 1954 benchmark levels. Emp!oyment Trends N O N F A R M JOBS HIT O C T O B E R H I G H A T 50. 4 M I L L I O N The total n u m b er of nonfarm jobs rose by nearly 100,000 in October 1955. This gain was slightly larger than average for this time of year and brought employment to 50. 4 million— a new October peak. Trade employment rose seasonally as the fall shopping season began. E m p l o y m e n t also increased in State and local governments as schools reopened. These gains were partly offset by declines in serv ice, construction, and transportation and public utilities. The manufacturing w o r k force, which usually declines at this time of year, went up slightly as a result of sharp increases in machinery and electri cal machinery together with seasonal pickups in other industries. The only sizable manufacturing drop wa s the usual one in food processing. The moderate factory employment rise was accompanied by a seasonal lengthening of the fac tory workweek. At 41. 2 hours, the w o r k w e e k was well above the postwar average for the month. Longer hours together with a 1-cent increase in average hourly pay boosted average weekly earn ings of factory production workers to $78. 69, an alltime peak and almost $6. 50 higher than last October. Aggregate man-hours in mining, construction, and manufacturing— a m e a su r e of both the n u m b er of workers employed and the length of their w o r k w e e k — were up about 8 percent over the year with all 3 sectors reporting higher man-hours . G A I N S IN D U R A B L E G O O D S O U T W E I G H E D S E A S O N A L D E C L I N E IN S O F T - G O O D S P L A N T S Manufacturing employment at 16.9 million, was virtually unchanged between September and October, c o mp a r e d with an average decline of m o r e than 50, 000. In the durable-goods sector, mos t indus tries reported s o m e gains, with the sharpest in creases in electrical machinery and in nonelectrical machinery. The largest rise in the latter group, however, was due to the ending of a strike in agri cultural machinery plants. E m p l o y m e n t in the transportation equipment group rose 9,000, mostly in shipbuilding and air craft. The job total in the auto industry was almost unchanged as model changeover layoffs by one firm w e re offset by rehires elsewhere in the industry. In the nondurable-goods sector, employment m o v e d seasonally with a mixture of gains and losses. A sharp cutback in cannery e mployment at the end of the peak season reduced food employment by m o r e than 80, 000. S E A S O N A L G A I N S IN T R A D E A N D S C H O O L S State and local governments reached an alltime peak by adding 144, 000 employees, following the reopening of schools. Trade employment also rose seasonally, as pre-Christmas shopping began, raising the n u m b e r of jobs in trade to 10. 9 million, a new record for the month. General merchandise stores, including department stores, reported the largest over-the-month gain. Wholesale trade establishments added 28, 000 workers and food and liquor stores boosted employment by about 21, 000. O U T D O O R ACTIVITIES R E P O R T E M P L O Y M E N T LOSSES Construction e mployment dropped by 54, 000 be cause of colder weather and the N e w England floods. The approach of winter also reduced activity in mining, while the drop of 3 3,000 in transportation and public utilities wa s due to cutbacks in rail trans portation and a strike in the telephone industry. FACTORY W O R K W E E K UP BY THREE-TENTHS OF AN HOUR The w o r k w e e k of factory production workers rose by three-tenths of an hour to 41. 2 hours in October, a normal rise for this time of year. Better-than-usual increases in the w o r k w e e k wer e reported by fabricated metals, electrical machinery, instruments, tobacco and apparel. O n the other hand, the expected rises did not occur in lumber, furniture, stone, clay and glass, machinery, and miscellaneous manufacturing. Since October 1954 the factory w o r k w e e k has risen by 1. 3 hours, with both durable and non durable industries going up about the s a m e amount. The largest over-the-year increase— 3. 1 hours— w a s in primary metals, followed by nonelectrical machinery— 1. 8 hours— and leather— 1. 7 hours. A s a result of the longer w o r k w e e k and a 1cent rise in gross hourly pay, average weekly earn ings of factory production workers rose to $78. 69, an alltime high. M ost industries reported s o m e gain in weekly pay. In primary metals the loss of m o r e than one dollar per w e e k reflected a decline f r o m the September level which was inflated by p r e m i u m pay for Labor Day. iii Tab)* 1. Empioyows in nonagrtcuttura! estabtishment*, by !ndu$*ry div!$!on o "d s*)*cted groups (In thousands) Year &go Current In d u st r y di vi - ^ o n and group Oct. 1955 1/ 50,393 M)N!N6 ................................... 754 97.6 212.1 N o n m e t a l l i c m i n i n g and q u a r r y i n g .......... CONTRACT CONSTRUCT!ON.................... DURABLE G O O D S ................................. Lumber and wood products 108.6 I n s t r u m e n t s and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s .......... M i s c e llaneous m anufacturing industries... 1/ 50,309 758 98.1 211.5 109.7 Aug. 1955 49,858 754 93.0 207.6 108.9 Oct. 1954 48,580 743 90.5 211.0 106.2 2,691 2,745 2,746 2,652 16,929 16,916 16,807 16,007 Previous month Year ago + 84 +1,813 _ 4 - 13 + 922 + * 81 4.8 + 723 18.2 - 3.2 2.5 1.4 + + 31.4 22.9 793.6 376.1 799.8 369.2 560.9 1,318.8 759.0 355.7 521.4 1 ,161.1 + + 1 ,092.1 1,035.7 1,489.2 1 ,091.6 1,657.9 308.9 478.0 + + + + + + 7,204 1,611.4 121.8 1 ,109.8 1 ,560.1 1,168.3 1,789.2 318.3 488.0 7,272 1,695.2 122.1 1,572.2 1,126.4 1,815.3 315.5 476.3 + 7,005 1,612.1 1,072.6 + 1,184.4 536.4 806.6 1,086.3 1,081.5 1,249.3 560.7 1,247*0 559.9 1 ,230.1 826.0 826.1 820.7 822.6 254.3 281.5 387.2 810.5 811.5 2.2 6.6 34.7 24.4 9.0 2.1 6.0 - 68 - 83.8 7,229 1,705.2 113.3 1,078.7 121.2 1 .1 2.4 + 790.4 378.6 570.0 1,343.9 1,116.4 1,594.8 1,192.7 1,798.2 320.4 494.0 + 7.1 39 9,002 568.6 1 .1 .6 11 + 9,578 131.5 1,341.7 + + - 54 9,644 130.5 143.9 + .5 + 9,725 125.7 (e x c e p t Ston e , clay, and g l a s s p r o d u c t s ............ P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ..................... Fabricated metal products (except ordnance, m achinery, and t ra n s p o r t a t i o n Sept. 1955 October 1955 ne + + + + + + + + + 48.6 182.8 80.7 105.6 101.1 140.3 11.5 16.0 199 - .7 .3 4.8 + + 13.7 + + 2.3 + + 64.9 24.3 + + 5.3 3.5 1.3 + + + + + 19.4 33.0 - .6 Appar e l and ot h e r finished textile Printing, publishing, 556.7 and allied P r o d u c t s o f p e t r o l e u m a n d c o a l ............. 253.0 283.7 385.2 256.2 274.6 392.5 793.1 251.9 257.5 369.2 4,118 2,783 752 583 4,151 2,792 770 589 4,137 2,769 773 595 4,005 T R A M S P ORTATtO M................................ C 0MMUM !CAT! 0 M ................................. OTHER PUBL!C UT!L!T!ES....................... WHOLESALE AND RETA!L TRADE................ 10,919 10,813 10,638 10,548 TRANSPORTATtON AND PUBL!C UT!L!T!ES....... F o o d and l i q u o r s t o r e s ....................... F!NANCE, !NSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE....... SERV!C€ AND M!SCELLANEOUS................. STATE AMD LOCAL............................... .8 2,690 736 579 - 2.2 - 2.0 + 1 .1 26.2 16.0 33 9 18 6 + + + + 113 93 16 4 +106 + 371 28 78 + + + + + + + 285 42.3 75.7 34.1 - 2,905 8,014 1,440.7 1,535.9 783.5 598.6 3,655.6 2,877 7,936 1,392.5 1,515.2 785.1 588.4 3,654.7 2,863 7,775 1,315.0 1,499.0 788.3 540.8 3,631.4 2,819 7,729 1,398.4 1 ,460.2 749.4 597.5 3,523.2 + + + + + + 2,215 2,224 2,241 2,136 - 9 + 79 48.2 20.7 1.6 10.2 .9 86 1 .1 132.4 5,725 5,791 5,818 5,660 - 66 + 65 7,042 6,911 2,173 4,738 6,717 6,829 2,147 +131 - 13 +144 + + + 213 13 2,160 4,882 2,190 4,527 4,682 200 Tab!e 2. Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group October 1955 Year ago Current Major industry group Oct. 1955 Sept. 1955 Aug. 1/ i/ 1955 Oct. 1954 month Year ago MANUFACTURE............................. 13,381 13,378 13,262 12,612 + 3 +769 DURABLE GOODS............................... 7,6% 7,623 7,553 7,081 +71 +613 - 3.4 - 16'.9 - 3.1 + 1.8 + .4 + 1.8 * + 28.6 + 19.5 + 42.4 + 168.8 L u m b e ^ r ^ ^ .......... furniture Furniture and fixtures. .................. Stone clay, and glass p r o d u c t s . ......... ^ o r dlance^ l a ^ h i n e r y ^ a n d transportation Electrical m a c h i n e r y ........................ Instruments and related p r o d u c t s .......... M i s c e llaneous manufacturing industries... HONOURABLE GOODS............................ Food and kindred products Tobacco m a n u f a c t u r e s ........................ 83.0 86.4 87.8 99.9 720.2 723.3 319.0 479.6 1,136.4 312.6 730.9 691.6 320.8 480.0 1 ,138.2 1 ,112.2 472.2 437.6 969.4 877.1 1,154.8 818.2 1,379.2 219.8 388.3 829.4 1,092.5 799.9 1,249.0 217.5 393.0 + 6.0 +28.4 +24.5 + 8.0 + 1.7 + 4.9 + 70.4 + 83.1 + 82.7 +116.1 + 6.2 + 11.6 899.8 1,175.6 882.6 1,365.1 223.7 404.6 893.8 1,147.2 5,687 5,755 5,709 5,531 -68 +156 1 ,166.6 113.0 1,245.7 994.3 989.9 1,249.9 105.3 985.9 1,180.4 113.6 -79.1 - .6 + 4.4 - 13.8 + 1.4 + 14.9 1,116.9 462.7 1,116.7 1 ,101.0 1 ,056.6 443.9 + 1.1 + 18.8 534.0 556.3 173.4 225.3 344.7 530.6 553.6 174.2 223.1 346.0 520.3 543.1 176.4 519.5 533.9 174.5 + + + - + + + + 858.1 1,357.1 222.0 399.7 Apparel and other finished textile Printing, publishing, and allied Leather and leather p r o d u c t s .............. 301.3 461.6 458.6 216.8 351.3 111.6 979.4 201.6 329.6 + .2 3.4 2.7 .8 2.2 1.3 + 60.3 1A.5 22.4 1.1 23.7 15.1 JL Tab!e 3. Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group Average weekly hours M a j o r industry group IS 55 Oct. 1/ Oct. 1/ 1954 1955 1954 Sept. Oct. Average hourly earnings Sept. 1/ l/ Oct. 1955 Oct. 1/ 1954 Sept. Oct. l/ $77.71 $72.22 41.2 40.9 39.9 $1.91 $1.90 $1.81 84.86 84.25 77.97 41.6 41.6 40.4 2.04 2.03 1.93 Ordnance and accessories 85.68 85.70 81.41 40.8 41.2 40.5 2.10 2.08 2.01 (except furn i t u re) ............ Furniture and f i x t u r e s ........ Stone, clay, and glass 72.56 69.37 71.86 68.95 69.72 65.10 41.7 42.3 41.3 42.3 41.5 41.2 1.74 1.64 1.74 1.63 1.68 1.58 79.19 96.60 78.77 97.63 73.34 82.86 41.9 42.0 41.9 41.9 41.2 38.9 1.89 2.30 1.88 2.33 1.78 2.13 Ma chinery (except electrical). Electrical m a c h i n e r y ........... 85.04 89.04 77.71 93.94 83.40 88.62 76.17 93.56 78.53 81.61 74.34 87.26 42.1 42.0 40.9 41.2 41.7 42.0 40.3 41.4 40.9 40.2 40.4 40.4 2.02 2.12 1.90 2.28 2.00 2.11 1.89 2.26 1.92 2.03 1.84 2.16 'prodlls^ ^ 80.51 79.52 74.19 41.5 41.2 40.1 1.94 1.93 1.85 "industries' 69.22 68.30 65.21 41.2 40.9 40.5 1.68 1.67 1.61 NONDURABLE GOODS.............. 69.66 69.14 65.07 40 . 5 40.2 39.2 1.72 1.72 1.66 Food and kindred products Tobacco m a n u f a c t u r e s ........... Tex t i l e — mill p r o d u c t s ......... Apparel and other finished textile p r o d u c t s .............. Paper and allied p r o d u c t s ..... 74.52 51.38 57.53 73.33 50.63 56.70 68.30 49.72 53.70 42.1 41.1 40.8 41.9 40.5 40.5 40.9 40.1 39.2 1.77 1.25 1.41 1.75 1.25 1.40 1.67 1.24 1.37 50.22 80.91 49.68 81.10 47.84 76.01 37.2 43.5 36.8 43.6 35.7 42.7 1.35 1.86 1.35 1.86 1.34 1.78 93.38 83.63 93.62 84.25 87.94 78.69 39.4 41.4 39*5 41.5 38.4 41.2 2.37 2.02 2.37 2.03 2.29 1.91 99.05 87.36 53.48 100.19 87.57 52.45 92.57 81.20 49.62 41.1 41.6 37.4 41.4 41.7 37.2 40.6 40.4 35.7 2.41 2.10 1.43 2.42 2.10 1.41 2.28 2.01 1.39 MANUFACTURE.................. $78.69 DURABLE GOODS................. Primary metal i n dust r i e s ...... ^a^l^d^ndus^e^^ ^ Chemicals and allied products. Pr.du.ts of p e t r oleum and Rubber p r o d u c t s ................. L e ather and leather products.. Tabte 4. !ndex of emptoyees in nonagricuttura! estabtishments, by industry division (1947-49=100) Ye a r ago Current Industry division August 1955 October 1954 115.0 114.0 111.1 79.5 127.8 113.A 80.0 130.4 113.3 79.5 130.5 126.0 101.2 102.0 101.6 October 1955 TOTAL................................. C o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t i o n ..................... T r a n s p o r t a t i o n and p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ................................... W h o l e s a l e and r e t a i l t r a d e .............. F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s t a t e . . . S e r v i c e an d m i s c e l l a n e o u s ............... September 1955 it l! 115.2 116.0 128.3 117.0 124.4 114.9 128.9 118.4 122.1 112.6 113.1 129.8 118.9 118.7 78.4 107.2 98.4 112.1 123.8 115.7 120.7 if P r e l i m i n a r y . Tabte 5. tndex of production workers in manufacturing, by m ajor industry group, (1 9 4 7 -4 9 = 1 0 0 ) Year ago Current Major industry group October 1955 i/ MANUFACTURING......................... DURABLE GOODS............................ ^ e x c e p t ....... f u r n i t u r e )................................. F u r n i t u r e and f i x t u r e s ................... Stone, clay, and g l a s s p r o d u c t s ........ "ordnlnc^ September 1955 August 1955 October 1954 l' 108.2 108.2 107.2 102.0 115.3 114.2 113.2 106.1 366.2 379.4 388.2 441.2 98.0 99.1 106.0 108.5 108.0 93.8 101.9 100.7 94.1 114.8 112.6 101.6 106.4 96.1 124.9 97.6 108.7 110.3 110.6 108.0 110.3 110.4 115.5 103.4 137.9 133.5 115.5 106.6 100.9 134.0 132.7 114.4 105.3 127.7 134.8 113.4 102.1 112.4 103.4 99.9 101.1 100.2 97.1 106.9 81.3 98.6 105.2 107.9 81.0 105.6 99.4 80.7 106.0 107.3 115.6 107.3 U5.3 105.7 114.6 101.5 111.1 108.9 93.0 110.5 95.4 110.5 108.6 93.5 109.5 95.7 108.2 106.4 94.6 106.5 97.1 H c h L e r y ^ a n d !rans-^ M a c h i n e r y (except electrical) . .. . . . .. . E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y ...................... T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ................. I n s t r u m e n t s an d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ...... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries . MOMDURABLE GOODS........................ F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ............... T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ...................... T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ..................... A p p a r e l an d o t h e r f i n i s h e d t e x t i l e P a p e r and a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ............... Pr i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , an d a l l i e d C h e m i c a l s an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .......... P r o d u c t s o f p e t r o l e u m an d c o a l ......... R u b b e r p r o d u c t s ............................ L e a t h e r an d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ............ 122.1 99.7 80.1 110.8 108.2 104.6 94.1 99.2 91.2 l/Preliminary. -stii SeasonaHy Adjusted Data Tab!e 6. Emptoyees in nonagricutturai estabtishments, by industry division, seasonaHy adjusted Index (1947-49=100) (In thousands) i ndustry division 1955 J/ 1955 1/ 1955 1954 1955 1/ 1955 j7 1955 1954 TOTAL................................ 77V.7 77V.0 773.7 770.0 V9,907 V9,3V7 V9,7V2 V3,729 M i n i n g .................................... Contract c o n s t r u c t i o n .................. 79.5 720.6 772.2 700.9 77V.9 729.0 777.0 723.5 79.5 727 .9 7 77 .3 707 .5 77V.9 723.9 776.6 722.9 73.3 720.3 7 77 .6 700.9 77V.3 727.9 777.7 722.6 73. V 773.9 706.7 93.7 77 7 .0 72V. V 775.7 720.2 75V 2,539 7 6,755 V ,707 70,377 2,226 5,725 6,990 75V 2,565 76,695 V,73V 70,373 2,22V 5,705 6,957 7V7 2,5V3 7 6,663 V,706 70,797 2,203 5,732 6,9V7 7V3 2,502 75,335 3,995 70,VV3 2,7V7 5,660 6,30V T r a n s p ortation and public utilities.. Finance, insurance, and real estate.. Service and m i s c e l l a n e o u s ............. Preliminary. Tab!e 7. Production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group, seasonaHy adjusted Number (In thousands) Index (1947-49=100) M a j o r industry group 1955 jy 1955 _1/ MAMUFACTUmwe........................ 706.3 DURABLE 600 D S ...................... 1955 1954 1955^/ 1955 1/ 1955 1954 706. V 706.2 700.6 73,277 73,763 73,732 72,VV5 77V.9 77V.7 773.3 705.7 7,667 7,673 7,592 7,05V 366.2 379. V 333.2 VV7.2 33 36 33 700 95.7 706.7 709.9 770.6 9V.7 707.3 709.9 770.V 95.3 707.7 703.0 703.6 97.9 99.9 700.2 9V.7 706 375 V73 7,733 699 377 V73 7 ,736 703 373 V70 7,773 673 295 V36 969 775.0 705.5 736.5 733.5 77V.9 77V.3 703.V 73V.0 732.7 77V.V 773.7 70V.2 730.V 73V.3 77V.V 705.9 93.7 723.7 722.7 777 .9 396 7,200 37V 7,365 223 39V 7 ,776 353 7 ,357 222 336 7,735 335 7,379 222 325 7,775 792 7 ,2V9 277 702.V 702.6 702.7 99.5 339 390 333 373 M 0MDURABLE G O O D S .................. 97.3 97.5 97.3 9V.7 5,5VV 5,550 5,5V0 5,397 Food and k i ndred p r o d u c t s .............. 90.V 39.9 37.3 97.3 39.9 37 .3 92.V 39.9 37.9 97.V 39.0 30.7 7 ,070 95 99V 7 ,037 95 7,000 7,09V 95 7 ,007 7,032 9V 979 705.6 775.6 70V. 7 775.3 703.6 775.7 700.0 770.3 7 ,700 V63 7,090 V6V 7,079 V67 7 ,0V7 VVV 770.7 707.3 93.0 709.5 95.9 770.5 703.0 97.9 709.5 95.7 709.2 703.0 93.0 707.5 9V.6 707. 7 70f.7 9V. 7 93.2 97.3 529 550 7 73 223 3V7 537 557 7 77 223 3VV 525 557 7 73 279 3V2 575 529 7 75 200 332 Lumber and wood products (except Stone, clay, and glass p r o d u c t s ....... Primary metal i n d u s t r i e s ............... F a b ricated metal products (except ordnance, machinery, and transpor- M i s c ellaneous m anufacturing Textile-mill p r o d u c t s ................... Apparel and other finished textile Paper and allied p r o d u c t s .............. Printing, publishing, and allied Products of petr o l eum and c o a l ........ Rubber p r o d u c t s .......................... Leather and leather p r o d u c t s ........... 1 / Preliminary. 366369 O - 55 - Z THE FABRKATED METAL PRODUCTS !NDUSTRY* SiNCE 1950 Annua! Average 1950-54; Month!y 1955 Rate(Per 100 Empioyees) ^The fabricated meta! products industry exctudes ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment. UNtTED STATES D E P A R T M E N T OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STAHSTtCS Chart 15. -Copies of this page avai!ab)e upon request. THE ELECTRICAL MACHINERY INDUSTRY* SINCE 1950 Annua) Average 1950-54; Monthly 1955 * T h e eiectrica! machinery industry inciudes etectrica! machinery, equipment, and suppiies. UNtTED STATES D E P A R T M E N T OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STAHSHCS Chart 17. -Copies of this page avai!ab)e upon request. 'Regiona! Patterns 1 Jn Empioyment and Earnings J — P .r * n . EA ST N ORTH CEN TRAL STA TES* This ia the second of a series which will review developments in employment and earnings since 1950 in each of a group of generally homogeneous States. Introduction The economic fortunes of the 32.5 million persons living in the East North Central States are largely dependent on industries which vork and shape metals or assemble metal products into semifinished supplies, automobiles, trucks, and machinery, both electrical and other. The bulk of all such activity in the nation is concentrated in these States. The Great Lakes' waterways and a network of highways and railroads serve efficiently and economically to haul in coal and ores and to move the finished product to markets. Because of its industrial composition, the area showed tremendous employment growth after the start of Korean hostilities and the almost uninter rupted upsurge of consumer spending. However, it was also set back heavily during the mid-1953 through mid-1954 business slump as durable-goods industries declined and again later in 1954 as the auto industry underwent model changeovers. Never theless, substantial pick-ups were evident as 1954 ended and were continuing into early 1955. Table 1: Nonagricultural employment, by industry, East North Central States, 1950-54 (in thousands) Industry Total.................................... Mining................................. Contract construction.................. Manufacturing.......................... 1953 10,900.5 11 ,492.2 92.8 10,998.0 217.8 189.7 138.4 211.1 178.1 84.8 537.5 4,564.3 363.1 144.3 Printing and publishing.............. Chemicals ............................ Stone, clay, and glass products...... Primary metal industries............. Fabricated metals.................... Machinery (except electrical)........ Transportation equipment............. Lumber and furniture................. Transportation and public utilities.... Wholesale and retail trade............. Finance, insurance, and real estate.... Service and miscellaneous............ . All employees 1952 1954 219.7 183.4 144.3 469-5 423.4 739-2 384.3 747.2 150.4 174.9 832.2 2,239-4 411.4 1 ,054.7 1,176.3 531.4 5,114.2 372.6 146.5 151.5 539-3 470.6 823 3 437.4 922.5 167.4 192.4 881.5 2,263.2 399-9 1 ,055.1 1,154.2 98.5 529.0 4,772.2 373-6 147-8 494.4 428.4 799-3 385.0 810.9 170-3 189.7 864.1 2,194.5 383.3 1 ,025.6 1 ,131.1 . 1951 1950 10,862.6 106.8 10,293.2 108.5 208.6 170.0 205.3 509.5 4,753-7 379-1 142.8 154.2 523-8 451.9 769.7 365.0 794.9 179-5 197.3 8692 2,156.4 364.0 997-5 1 ,105.6 444.8 4,446.2 372.6 137-7 156.4 145.4 478.1 433-2 667-4 340.1 737-9 181.6 199-1 831.5 2,069.9 348.3 967.8 1 ,076.3 xiii Chari 1. Percent Change in Emptoyment BY tNDUSTRY D!V)S!ON East North Centra! States, 1950 and 1954 PE R C E N T C H A N G E PER C E N T C H A N G E (hart 2. Percent Change in Emptoyment PERCENT CHANGE UNtTED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR SELECTED MANUFACTURtNG tNDUSTRtES East North Centra) States, 1950 and 1954 PER CENT C H A N G E Nonagricultural Employment In this region nonfarm pursuits generate better than 90 percent of all income payments to individuals and about one-third of the total popu lation work in nonfarm industries. Better than 40 percent of this work force of 11 million hold jobs in factories, representing a concentration far heavier than that for the country as a whole (about one-third). The giant automobile industry is, of course, one of the most important sources of factory jobs, with the producers of machinery a close second. Since 1950, nonfarm employment in the East North Central States grew from 10.3 million to 11.5 million in 1953 and then fell to 10.9 million in 1954. As in the country at large, all industry divisions shoved gains over 1950 except mining. By 1953, the peak year of this period, the manufactur ing and construction industries had increased their work force more rapidly than the other divisions. Coincident with the 15-percent growth in factory employment between 1950 and 1953 was the 34 percent gain in factory output, as measured by the dollar value added by manufactures. This gain was largely achieved by far better than average in creases in the output of the region's key industries such as the machinery (electrical and other), trans portation equipment, and primary metal industries. Only the textile industry declined over the 4-year period. In most industries, output increased far more rapidly than did factory employment. This differential resulted from such factors as gains in productivity, increases in prices, shifts in product-mix, among others. Table 3: (in thousands) Number of persons East North Central United States Source of change Net increase..................... 6,405 1,425 Additions: Births....................... Net migration................ 12,353 992 2,485 4,825 1,014 2,115 405 Subtractions: Deaths....................... Net movement to Armed Forces.. Source: 360 U. S. Department of Commerce Bureau of the Census The 1954 decline hit manufacturing most heavily. Employment dropped to 4.6 million— more than a half million below 1953 and only 120,000 higher than the 1950 level. Only 3 industries continued to increase their work force into 1954— construction, finance, and government. No doubt the population increase resulting from a record volume of births in these States has had some influence in maintaining the expansion of construction and gov ernment employment. The impact of the 1954 decline is also measured in the tripling of the number of persons Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries, East North Central States, 1950 and 1954 Industry Average weekly earnings 1954 1950 Manufacturing...................... Food............................. Paper............................ Printing and publishing.......... $79.40 Stone, clay, and glass products... Primary metal industries......... Fabricated metals................ Machinery (except electrical).... Electrical machinery............. Transportation equipment......... Textiles and apparel............. Lumber and furniture............. 76.38 82.82 80.99 85.68 70.04 63.72 67.23 89.10 72.22 44.63 Note: Table 2 : Source of change in civilian population, United States and East North Central States^ April 1950 — July 1953 72.21 76.68 87.75 81.40 73-26 51.24 66.42 $65.51 57.96 61.20 75.05 61.65 61.54 61.42 55.12 Average weekly hours 1954 1950 40.1 41.5 42.6 39.0 40.7 40.2 30.7 40.7 40.8 39.6 40.5 36.6 40.5 41.2 41.4 43.1 39-5 4l.l 41.3 41.2 42.2 41.5 41.5 40.8 37.5 42.4 Average hourly earnings 1954 1950 $1.98 1.74 1.80 2.25 2.00 1.90 2.14 1.99 2.10 1.85 2.20 1.40 1.64 $1.59 1.4o 1.42 1.90 1.50 1.49 1.70 1-51 1.62 1.48 1.77 1.19 1.30 In combining State data, all employee figures were used as weights since production-worker employment data are not available in this office. J6X receiving State unemployment insurance payments during an average week— from 120,000 to 360,000. For the nation as a whole, the 195^ unemployment rolls were twice the 1953 totals. Other metalworking industries also declined sharply in 195^* Employment in primary and fabricated metals dropped below 1950 levels, declining roughly 12 percent from 1953. Some recovery was indicated in early 1955, when these industries were again above their 1950 employment totals. Transportation equipment was the hardest hit by the general business decline and the curtail ments which accompanied the model changeovers in automobile plants. The number of jobs provided by the industry had declined from 1953 to 195^ by nearly 200,000 to just above the 1950 level of 7*t0,000. By early 1955* these plants were setting new production records and much of the preceding year's losses had been recovered. Employment in the machinery industries, electrical and nonelectrical, rose one-fourth between 1950 and 1953- Following a slump in 195^, employment in these industries was still better than 10 percent above 1950. No further signifi cant increase occurred in 1955* Earnings Nationally, the tremendous employment increase in the transportation equipment indus try— nearly 40 percent in five years— has been largely in the aircraft segment. The East North Central Region, accounting for most of the nation's automobile workers but very few of its aircraft employees, has been little affected by this change. Chart 3. The major manufacturing industries in the East North Central States are among those with high wage scales as well as among those which have frequently scheduled overtime work. Consequently, average hourly earnings for production workers have Percent increase in Houriy Earnings SELECTED MANUFACTURtNG )NDUSTR!ES East North Centra! States , 1950 and 1954 10 — r- 20 — T" 15 — T" y' ' Fabricated Metats Paper Lumber and Furniture Primary Metats Etectrica! Machinery ALL MANUFACTURiNG Food Transportation Equipment Printing and Pubtishing Textites and Appare! UN!TED STATES DEPARTMENT O F LABOR XVi 30 ..... ^........ ^.1 Chemicats Machinery (except etectricqt) Stone, C!ay, and G!ass 25 ' .— i 35 j P E RC E N T 40 been conaiderabiy above the average for the entire country. The longer vorkveek coupled vith the higher level of eaminga per hour have provided a bigger veekly pay check than the national average for factory vorkera. In 1954, the veekly pay before deductiona averaged about $80—$8 over the national average. During and after the Korean period, the heavy manufacturing induatriea vhich dominate in the area booated the dollar volume of their payrolla to levela never before attained. The reaulting expanded income reaourcea flowed into trade, service, and other activities, bringing aubatantial gaina. In the period of induatrial growth betveen 1950 and 1953; average hourly eaminga roae 9 to 14 centa each year. The 1954 buaineaa decline alcwed but did not atop the upvard vage trend and hourly eaminga reached $1 .98, almost 40 centa more than in 1950. A relatively amall increase, averaging 4 centa, vaa evident in all induatry groupa, including thoae auffering a aizable reduction in employment. Labor-management agreementa negotiated during the year generally included amaller vage increaae a than had been achieved in earlier contracta. A general cutback in the amount of over time vorked in 1954 reduced the average vorkveek by a little over an hour, thua holding veekly eaminga alightly below the level of the previous year. The aevereat cutbacka occurred in the machinery and primary metal induatriea vhich reduced their vork veek by 1.6 and 2.6 houra, reapectively. Table 4: Value added by manufacture, by induatry, Eaat North Central Statea, 1950 and 1953 Induatry Textiles................ Apparel................. Furniture............... Printing................ Chemicals............... Petroleum............... Leather................. Stone, clay, and glaaa.... Primary metal induatriea.. Fabricated metala........ Machinery............... Electrical machinery..... Tranaportation equipment.. Miacellaneoua........... Source: 1950 Percent 1953 (milliona) (milliona) change $39,926 3.148 $29,818 2,712 233 394 345 635 948 206 566 691 1,151 1,615 2,044 692 878 330 1,123 4,627 3,545 6,685 3,006 7,068 1,696 500 1,382 1,700 551 744 289 923 3,361 2,934 4,512 2,095 5,039 603 + 33.9 + 16.1 - 11.6 + 13.2 + 14.2 + 8.8 + 21.4 + 16.9 + 20.2 + 25.6 + 18.0 + 14.2 + 21.7 + 37.7 + 20.8 + 48.2 + 43.5 + 40.3 +181.3 U. S. Department of Commerce Bureau of the Cenaua Prepared by Martin L. Marimont, Diviaion of Manpower and Employment Statiatica. Reprinta vill be available upon requeat. 366369 0 - 55 - 3 XYii E M P L O Y E E S Mt M O N A G R tC U L T U R A L E S T A B H S H M E W T S BY MAJOR [WDUSTRY D!V!S!OW MHtions <939 )940 4! Mititons 42 UWtTED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR 43 4 4 !945 4 6 47 48 4 9 !950 '5! '52 '53 '54 )955 SEPTEMBER t955 DATA Pretiminory Tab)* A-l: Emptoy.ws !n nonagricuttura! w$tab!ishm*nt$, by industry division (In thousands) Contract Year and month TOTAL Mining "turfng" ""trade"" 'andleal' IS " Govern ment 2,054 2,142 2,167 2,671 2,603 2,331 2,431 2,516 2,591 2,755 2,611 2,723 2,802 average: 1,124 1919.. 1920.. 1921.. 1922.. 1923.. 1924.. 1925.. 1926.. 1927.. 1928.. 26,829 27,088 I9291930.. 1931-. 1932.. 19331934.. 1933.. 1936.. 1937-. 1938.. 31,041 29,143 1,078 1,000 23,377 23,466 722 25,699 26,792 28,802 888 1939-. 1940.. 1941.. 1942.. 1943.. 1944.. 1945.. 1946.. 1947.* 1948.. 1949.* 1950.. 1951.. 1952.. 19531954.. 1954: August.... September. October... November.. December.. 1955: January... February.. March.... April.... May...... June..... July..... August.... September. 24,125 25,369 28,128 27,770 28,505 29,539 29,691 29,710 26,383 1,230 953 920 1,203 1,092 1,080 1,176 1,105 1,041 864 735 374 937 1,021 848 1,012 1,183 1,229 1,321 1,446 1,535 1,608 1,606 1,497 1,372 1,214 970 809 862 912 1,145 10,534 10,534 8,132 8,986 10,155 9,523 9,786 9,997 9,839 9,786 10,534 9,401 8,oei 6,797 7,258 8,346 3,907 9,6%3 28,902 1,006 882 1,112 1,055 10,606 30,311 845 1,150 39,779 947 983 917 10,078 ip,78o 30,718 32,058 36,220 42,106 41,534 40,037 41,287 43,462 44,448 43,315 44,738 47,347 48,303 49,681 48,283 48,123 48,490 48,580 48 ,808 49,463 47,741 47,753 48,212 48,643 48,918 49,508 49,420 49,858 50,309 916 883 826 852 943 982 918 889 916 885 852 770 763 744 743 749 747 741 737 739 739 742 1,294 1,790 2,170 1,567 1,094 1,132 1,661 1,982 2,169 2,165 2,333 2,603 2,634 2,622 2,527 2,735 9,553 1^2,974 15,051 17,381 17,111 15,302 14,461 15,290 13,321 14,178 14,967 16,104 16,334 17,238 15,989 15,822 2,698 2,652 2,598 2,426 15,972 2,237 2,169 2,253 15,925 2,399 760 2,526 2,615 749 754 758 2,701 2,746 2,745 16,007 16,057 16,050 16,060 16,201 16,255 16,334 16,577 16,475 16,807 16,916 3,711 3,998 3,459 3,505 3,882 3,806 3,824 3,940 3,891 4,664 4,623 4,754 5,084 5,494 5,626 5,8io 6,033 6,165 3,822 6,137 3,907 3,675 3,243 2,804 6,4oi 6,o64 5,331 4,907 4,999 5,552 2,659 2,736 2,771 2,956 3,114 2,840 2,912 3,013 3,248 3,433 3,619 3,798 5,692 6,076 6,543 6,453 6,612 6,940 7,416 7,333 7,189 7,260 1,050 1,110 1,097 1,079 1,123 1,163 1,166 1,235 1,295 1,360 1,431 1,398 1,333 1,262 2,883 3,060 1,247 1,313 1,355 1,347 1,399 1,436 i,48o 1,469 1,435 1,409 1,428 3,949 3,977 4,166 4,185 4,221 4,008 4,oi8 4,023 4,005 3,986 3,996 3,927 3,937 3,966 3,939 3,997 9,313 9,645 1,765 10,527 10,498 10,321 10,447 10,548 10,745 11,354 10,419 10,309 4,081 io,4o8 10,549 10,534 10,643 4,113 4,137 4,151 10,633 10,638 10,813 3,127 3,084 2,913 2,682 2,614 7,522 8,6oe 9,196 9,319 10,012 10,281 2,871 2,962 1,270 1,225 3,872 4,023 4,122 4,141 2,268 1,619 1,672 l,74i 1,824 1,892 1,967 2,038 2,114 2,151 2,l4l 2,136 2,134 2,136 2,124 2,132 2,150 2,161 2,171 2,206 2,237 2,241 2,224 2,784 3,233 3,196 3,321 3,477 3,705 3,837 3,919 3,934 4,011 4,474 4,783 4,925 4,972 5,077 5,264 5,4u 5,538 2,542 2,848 2,917 2,996 3,066 3,149 3,264 3,225 3,167 3,298 3,477 3,662 3,749 3,876 3,993 4,202 4,660 3,483 6,080 6,043 5,944 5,595 5,474 3,650 3,856 6,oe6 6.389 6,609 5,629 6,643 6,731 5,750 5,719 6,746 5,660 5,622 5,588 5,533 5,536 5,571 5,674 5,733 5,775 5,8l6 5,8l8 5,791 6,563 6,829 6,917 7,166 6,835 6,873 6,922 6,927 6,881 6,851 6,696 6,717 6,911 1 industry Emptoyment Tab!e A -2: A!) em ptoyees and production workers in nonagricuttura) estabiishments^ by industry Al l e m p l o y e e s Industry Sept. TOTAL................................... .................................. 50,309 758 98.1 Production workers 1954 1955 Aug. 49,858 754 93-0 Sept. Sect. 19:55 744 15-2 16.4 14.8 22.6 ANTHRACtTE............................ 33-9 35-4 B!TUMtN0US-C0AL....................... 211.5 CRUDE-PETROLEUM AMD NATURAL-6AS PRODUCTtON........................... 304.9 lexceprccntracr"rv!cLh° ^"° ?.. NONMETALLiC M!N!NG AMD QUARRY!MG....... ..................... WOWBU!LD!WG C O W S T R U C H O M ................. H i g h w a y and s t r e e t .......... ............. O t h e r n o n b u i l d i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n ........ BUtLDmGCOKSTRUCTIOM .................... 27.0 - 109.7 2,745 582 279-5 302.4 2,163 36.2 20.6 90.0 - - 82.9 31.6 21.8 36.3 34.4 - 78.0 76.0 13.1 12.3 33.9 30.6 32.2 29.1 207.6 212.5 194.0 189.7 193.8 309.4 300.1 - - 126.9 130.5 131.5 94.5 93.4 92.0 - 108.9 2,746 576 277-9 298.2 2,170 - 107.2 2,698 569 262.1 306.9 2,129 851.0 868.2 897.6 SPECtAL-TRAOE CONTRACTORS.............. 1 ,312.0 299.4 161.3 152.2 1 ,301.6 1 ,231.1 699.1 Sept. 31.6 15.9 i4.o GENERAL CONTRACTORS..................... P l u m b i n g an d h e a t i n g ................... P a i n t i n g and d e c o r a t i n g ................ E l e c t r i c a l w o r k ............................ O t h e r s p e c i a l - t r a d e c o n t r a c t o r s ........ 1954 48,490 Iron mining Copper mining.. ......... L e a d a n d z i n c m i n i n g ...................... METAL M!N!NG.......................... Aug. 297.3 164.1 150.4 689.8 291.4 157.0 155.0 627.7 29.7 18.6 - - - - * - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - MWf4Cn//?/M?........................... 16,916 16,807 15.972 13.378 13.262 12,577 9,644 7,272 9.578 7,229 8,887 7.085 7.623 5.755 7.553 5.709 6,965 5,612 DURABLE GOODS............................. NONDURABLE GOODS.......................... ORDNANCE AND ACCESSOR!ES.............. 130.5 131.5 145.8 86.4 87.8 101.8 FOOD AND K!NDRED PRODUCTS............. 1 ,695.2 1 .705.2 1.703.4 1.245.7 1.249.9 1 ,267.5 257.0 79.9 347.2 92.4 172.9 26.7 71.5 122.1 97.8 333-4 D a i r y p r o d u c t s .............................. C a n n i n g and p r e s e r v i n g ................... 126.2 361.4 118.9 288.8 30.9 85.1 213.0 B a k e r y p r o d u c t s ............................ S u g a r ......................................... C o n f e c t i o n e r y and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s . . . . B e v e r a g e s .................................... M i s c e l l a n e o u s f o o d p r o d u c t s ............. 137.5 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.................. 122.1 33-9 38.8 7.5 T o b a c c o s t e m m i n g and r e d r y i n g .......... 2 41.9 330.2 131.2 361.0 122.5 289.1 29.4 78.4 222.6 i4o.8 113-3 33.5 38.4 7.4 34.0 326.7 120.8 260.5 83.6 379.1 125.4 327.4 285.1 172.9 25.3 32.1 85.7 211.7 136.8 119.5 32.4 4o.7 7-7 38.7 86.0 71.0 122.1 96.9 113.6 30.7 37.2 6.4 39.3 258.8 88.1 327.1 88.9 172.4 23.9 64.4 127.2 99.1 105.3 30.6 36,7 6.3 31.7 110.3 29.4 38.7 6.7 35.5 Tabie A -2: A!! em ptoyees and production workers in nonagricu!tura! estab!ishments^ by industry - Continued All e m p l o y e e s industry Production workers Aug. 1954 Sept. 1,078.7 6.6 131.3 468.2 31.2 226.4 88.4 49.8 12.3 64.5 1,071.5 6.9 127.3 468.0 30.2 225.3 87.6 51.2 1 3.6 6 1.4 989.9 5.9 121.0 438.1 2 7.8 208.8 78 .2 42.6 10 .9 56.6 985.9 6 .1 121.6 44o.4 2 7.1 205.7 77.1 42.0 54.9 1954 Sept. 978.4 6.3 117.9 439-8 26.4 204.4 76.9 42.8 1 2 .1 51.8 1,247.0 123.8 1,230.1 122.5 1 ,185.4 122.8 1 ,1 1 6 .7 ,112.1 1 ,101.0 110.6 1 .058.7 110.6 328.4 366.0 120.3 22.5 72 .1 1 1 .4 66.1 136.4 324.1 365.9 116 .8 2 1 .7 72 .1 11.2 64.9 130.9 301.6 352.2 113.9 22.3 7 1 .2 1 2 .1 63.9 125.4 304.2 324.4 107.7 19.9 65.3 8.8 59.5 114.8 299.4 324.9 io4.4 19.4 65.5 8.6 58.5 1 09 .7 277.9 312.1 10 1.3 19.9 64.9 9.0 57-2 105.8 L o g g i n g c a m p s and c o n t r a c t o r s . . . . . . . . . . . . 793.6 120.4 416.5 799-8 123.6 421.5 738.0 9^.8 399.3 723.3 113.3 386.3 730.9 116 .8 392.6 671.7 88.3 371.1 ^^uctural'wlofproductr^"^'^ Wooden containers . . ....... M i s c e l l a n e o u s w o o d p r o d u c t s ................. 144.4 53.1 59.2 144.6 51.4 58.7 134.3 54.4 55.2 121.8 49 .1 52.8 122.1 47.3 52.1 113-5 50.2 48.6 FURNiTURE AND FtXTURES.................... 376.1 265.2 369.2 259-8 352.8 251.1 319-0 231.3 312.6 226.6 298.4 218.8 44.2 43.6 4 1 .7 35.8 35.2 33.5 3 8 .1 37.9 34.0 29.6 29.4 25.9 28.6 27.9 26.0 22.3 21.4 20.2 559-9 273*1 156.8 130.0 556.7 274.0 153.4 129.3 536.6 264.7 148.6 123.3 461.6 228.8 129.3 103.5 458.6 229.4 126.5 102.7 444.6 223.7 122.9 98.0 820.7 300.5 62.9 49.2 215.3 6 1.4 19.7 44.9 810.5 297.5 6i.4 48.4 212.9 60.3 19.5 43.7 802.9 292.9 6 2.1 49.2 209.5 6o.4 19.5 43.1 530.6 150.8 26.6 30.2 174.8 46.7 14.5 36.2 520.3 146.7 25.4 29.3 172.8 45.6 14.6 35.1 518.3 146.1 25.8 30.2 170.4 46.3 1 4 .7 34.2 66.8 66.8 66.2 50.8 50.8 50.6 TEXT!LE-W)LL PRODUCTS..................... S c o u r i n g and c o m b i n g p l a n t s ................. B r o a d - w o v e n fa b r i c m i l l s ..................... N a r r o w f a b r i c s and s m a l l w a r e s .............. K n i t t i n g m i l l s .................................. D y e i n g and f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s .............. C a r p e t s , rugs, o t h e r f l o o r c o v e r i n g s ..... Hat s ( e x c e p t c l o t h and m i l l i n e r y .......... M i s c e l l a n e o u s t e x t i l e g o o d s ................. APPAREL AMD OTHER F!N!SHED TEXT!LE PRODUCTS................................. "clothing. ^ ..... C h i l d r e n ' s o u t e r w e a r .......................... Fur goods .................. M i s c e l l a n e o u s a p p a r e l and a c c e s s o r i e s . . . . O t h e r f a b r i c a t e d t e x t i l e p r o d u c t s ......... LUMBER AMD WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURMtTURE)............................... H o u s e h o l d f u r n i t u r e ........................... "furniture"""'"'^' ^xiu^esl;. Screens, blinds, ^ ^ ........ and m i s c e l l a n e o u s PAPER AND A L HE D PRODUCTS................. Pulp paper and p a p e r b o a r d s m i l l s P a p e r b o a r d c o n t a i n e r s and b o x e s . ......... O t h e r p a p e r a nd a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ............ PR!NT!NG, PUBL!SH!N6, AND ALLtED !NDUSTR!ES............................... Newspapers Periodicals Books Commercial printing Lithographing . .. ....... Greeting cards .. .. B o o k b i n d i n g and r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ........ ^rv^es'"'" Sept. 1 ,081.5 6.5 130.7 465-7 31.6 229.0 89.2 50.5 12.2 66.1 19.55 Sept. 1955 Aug. 11.0 3 [ndustry Employment Tabte A -2: A!! emptoyees and production workers in nonagricutturat estabtishments, by industry - Continued All e m p l o y e e s industry Sept. CHEMtCALS AMD A L U ED PRODUCTS............ I n d u s t r i a l o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s ............... Soap, c l e a n i n g and p o l i s h i n g preparations............................ Pa i n t s pigments a n d f i l l e r s .............. G u m and w o o d c h e m i c a l s ....................... F e r t i l i z e r s ..................................... V e g e t a b l e a n d a n i m a l o i l s a n d f a t s ........ M i s c e l l a n e o u s c h e m i c a l s ...................... PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AMD COAL........... Petroleum refi n i n g . ...................... Coke, o t h e r p e t r o l e u m and c o a l p r o d u c t s . . RUBBER PRODUCTS.......................... Ti r e s a n d i n n e r t u b e s ........................ LEATHER AMD LEATHER PRODUCTS............. L e a t h e r 1 t a n n e d , c u r r i e d , and f i n i s h e d . . . I n d u s t r i a l l e a t h e r b e l t i n g an d p a c k i n g . .. B o o t a nd s h o e cut s t o c k and f i n d i n g s ..... F o o t w e a r ( e x c e p t r u b b e r ) ..................... L u g g a g e ........................................... H a n d b a g s a n d s m a l l l e a t h e r g o o d s .......... G loves and m i s c e l l a n e o u s leather goods... STOWE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS.......... G l a s s an d g l a s s w a r e , p r e s s e d or b l o w n . . . . Glass pr o d u c t s made of p u r c h a s e d glass... 822.6 109.6 314.2 91.7 51.2 72.4 8.1 35.0 43.2 97.2 254.3 1955 Aug. 811.5 108.4 313.9 92.3 788.9 102.7 295.4 92.5 51.0 50.8 70.1 73.2 8.1 29.6 38.5 96.5 256.2 202.0 204.2 52.3 52.0 281.5 274.6 117.9 119.4 29.O 133-1 387.2 43.6 5.0 15.9 249.3 19.6 33.5 20.3 26.9 129.8 92.0 254.2 204.5 93.7 44.4 84.5 53.3 223.1 92.4 216.8 91.0 21.5 104.3 196.3 351.3 39-2 3.8 330.9 16.9 17.1 29.5 17.4 42.5 4.5 14.4 17.9 520.4 28.9 89.0 16.2 42.9 77.5 52.6 107.0 20.3 97.2 96.4 PR!MARY METAL !WDUSTR!ES................. 1,341.7 Blast furnaces, steel works, and r o lling ^ills. Iron an d s t e e l f o u n d r i e s ..................... Prim a r y sm e l ti n g and refining of 177.1 137.2 39.9 252.4 110.0 26.1 116.3 118.0 20.8 4 44.3 6.5 25.5 31.5 59.6 42.3 118.3 20.8 S e c o n d a r y s m e l t i n g and r e f i n i n g o f n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................ R o l l i n g , d r a w i n g , a n d a l l o y i n g of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................ N o n f e r r o u s f o u n d r i e s .......................... Miscellaneous primary metal industries... 31.2 72.2 42.7 23.5 107.2 29.7 17-7 17-2 30.7 46.9 7.0 176.4 134.1 32.0 18.2 17.6 200.9 57-5 76.2 174.2 131.5 240.9 32.6 218.4 55.2 20.7 26.0 62i0 254.2 19.7 33.2 20.0 543.1 1954 Sept. 529.4 Aug. 30.2 62.6 346.0 39.1 3.9 14.1 224.6 16.8 1955 49.7 S t r u c t u r a l c l a y p r o d u c t s ..................... P o t t e r y a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ............... C o n c r e t e , g y p s u m , a nd p l a s t e r p r o d u c t s . . . C u t - s t o n e a n d s t o n e p r o d u c t s ............... Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral p r o d u c t s ........................................ .................................. 31.1 45.9 6.9 25.9 370.4 560.9 44.4 84.6 54.6 7.7 33.9 43.8 Sept. 553.6 77.4 218.9 54.7 392.5 43.6 5-0 568.6 33-2 97-9 Production workers 1954 Sept. 479.6 29.9 83.9 15.0 37-5 75.6 48.3 97-6 15.0 229.3 472.2 29.3 79.7 14.6 37.4 75.8 82.6 21.0 92.7 38.1 3.5 12.8 2l6.6 15.4 28.8 15.7 437.1 25.7 75.7 13.9 36.1 69.1 18.2 97.0 18.2 46.7 87.7 17.9 86.0 73.6 73.1 64.3 1 ,318.8 1 ,156.0 1,136.4 1 ,112.2 965.3 662.4 248.7 657.4 244.3 570.0 206.9 569.8 219.0 564.2 214.2 485.0 178.6 67.2 64.5 61.3 53.8 51.2 49.6 13.1 12.7 12.0 10.0 9.6 8.8 111.1 87.1 152.1 107.9 98.7 88.5 72.5 122.8 85.3 83.3 148.7 75.1 132.0 47.1 68.6 119.1 77-7 60.6 105.0 Tabte A -2: At! em ptoyees and production workers in nonagricuttura! estabhshments, by industry - Continued Industry Sent FABRtCATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORD NANCE, MACHiMERY, AMD TRANSPORTAT)OM EQUtPMENT)............................................................... All e m p l o y e e s f' '51 Ausr Production workers 1954 SeDt 1 ,0 2 8 .7 1955 Sei3t. 8Q3 .8 55.7 Aw?. 877.1 57-1 1,109.3 63.2 64.6 1*7.7 145.1 137.6 121.0 118.5 "plulbLs^^upplIei^^^ and Fabricated structural metal products Metal stamping coating and e n g r a v i n g . L i g h t i n g f i x t u r e s .............................. F a b r i c a t e d w i r e p r o d u c t s . .................... Mis c e l l a n e o u s fabricated metal products.. 138.2 291.3 216.7 47.7 63.9 i4 i .i 134.3 109.7 219.5 105.4 62.9 130.1 280.2 195.8 4 i .8 55.8 137.6 MACHtNERY (EXCEPT ELECTRtCAL)......................... 1 , 560.1 E n g i n e s and t u r b i n e s .......................... A g r i c u l t u r a l m a c h i n e r y an d t r a c t o r s ...... 7 9.8 1 , 572.2 80.2 156.8 T i n c s m s cind o t h e r t i n w & r e Cu t l e r y , h a n d tools, and h a r d w a r e ......... 127.7 M i s c e l l a n e o u s e l e c t r i c a l p r o d u c t s ......... TRANSPORTAHON EQUIPMENT.................................... A u t o m o b i l e s ..................................... A i r c r a f t and p a r t s ............................ A i r c r a f t ........................................ A i r c r a f t e n g i n e s and p a r t s ................. A i r c r a f t p r o p e l l e r s and p a r t s ............. O t h e r a i r c r a f t p a r t s and e q u i p m e n t ...... S h i p a nd b o a t b u i l d i n g and r e p a i r i n g ..... S h i p b u i l d i n g an d r e p a i r i n g ................. B o a t b u i l d i n g and r e p a i r i n g ................. R a i l r o a d e q u i p m e n t ............................ O t h e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ............. !MSTRUMENTS AWD RELATED PRODUCTS................... ^ n ^ r u m l n t s ^ ^ ^ ' ^ ^ " i n s t r u ^ t s ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ engineering controlling 125.1 1 , 498.6 71.8 1 ,1 4 7 .2 57.0 1 ,1 5 4 .8 57-2 98.3 200.9 114.3 96.7 198.1 1 , 097.0 50.2 100.2 88.0 196.4 140.5 180.7 175.8 ^ n t r t b u t i o r ^ n r i f d u s ^ n 'a p p a r a t u s .. 257.5 180.6 87.8 105.1 169.1 127.5 156.2 80.9 126.1 253.0 129.7 162.3 83.3 125.0 202.9 197.8 124.7 154.7 82.1 123.8 176.9 1 , 168.3 1 ,1 2 6 .4 1 ,0 7 7 .5 858 .I 818.2 785.4 378.1 365.0 354.7 64 .8 24.4 67.3 24.5 495.5 46.3 266.3 57-2 21.0 6 4 .2 2 2.8 389.7 3 6 .9 252.6 54.8 244.6 52.3 371.3 36.7 53.3 21.2 359.9 34.5 1 ,5 9 0 .7 653.5 756.7 1 ,3 5 7 .1 1 ,3 7 9 .2 513.3 333.1 153.3 1 6 .4 92.2 501.3 327.3 88.8 8.7 76.5 258.1 70.6 26.6 78.8 26.2 68.3 25.2 75.1 26.0 538.9 518.1 43.7 1 ,7 8 9 .2 848.7 750.4 435.6 143.4 13.5 1 ,8 1 5 .3 49.1 883.8 741.4 1*32.1 i4 o .5 1 3 .2 471.2 687.0 9 .0 79.0 102.2 84.0 19.8 60.5 22.5 721.6 19.6 1 ,1 8 2 .9 504.2 530.6 328.4 103.5 11.5 21.7 115.8 119.0 100.9 18.1 10.4 10.8 50.7 18.2 45.6 9 .0 42.8 8.6 15-5 36.4 9 .0 318.3 315.5 308.8 222.0 219.8 217.7 51.1 50.0 43.3 30.4 29.1 28.7 61.4 9.7 58.2 10.6 28.2 27.5 18.1 107.9 105.6 122.1 98.2 21.2 60.0 10 .7 100.4 119.4 57.6 12.6 82.1 61.8 12.7 1 3.5 9 .9 ^instruments'"''^' ^ Ophthalmic goods Photographic apparatus. ........ ...... W a t c h e s and c l o c k s ............................ 4 i .i 24.6 4o.8 2 4.2 3 9.8 28.4 19-4 43.6 28.5 45.7 100.8 229.7 103.7 166.7 230.5 234.3 i n s t r u m e n t s and l e n s e s ............. Optical 102.3 212.5 161.1 32.8 182.6 ELECTRiCAL MACHtNERY............................................ 54 . 0 111.0 178.4 37.0 51.9 111.9 262.4 240.2 107.4 167.5 216.9 8 2 1 .0 38.5 53.1 115.7 122.4 ' G e n e r a l i n d u s t r i a l m a c h i n e r y ............... O f f i c e and s t o r e m a c h i n e s and d e v i c e s . . . . S e r v i c e - i n d u s t r y and h o u s e h o l d m a c h i n e s . . M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a c h i n e r y p a r t s .............. E l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t for v e h i c l e s ......... E l e c t r i c l a m p s ................................. 4 6 .2 133.3 259.7 134.4 ^etil^orking^achineryr^ 287.5 213.9 62.3 1^54 Sept. 86.8 8 6.4 67.1 67.8 34.9 33.7 22.9 67.5 34.7 87.2 104.9 86.2 18.7 102.7 19.3 44.6 27.5 87.2 46.0 28.6 [ndustry Employment Tabie A -2: A!! em ptoyees and production workers in nonag ricuitura! estabiishm ents, by industry - Continued All employees 1955 Industry MiSCELLANEOUS MAMUFACTUKtMG mOUSTRtES... Je w e l r y , s i l v e r w a r e , and p l a t e d w a r e . . . . M u s i c a l i n s t r u m e n t s an d p a r t s ............. To y s an d s p o r t i n g g o o d s ..................... Pens, p e n c i l s , o t h e r o f f i c e s u p p l i e s . ... Costume jewelry buttons notions Fabricated plastics products O t h e r m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s ............ M P /V/RA/C //f/A/f/fS........... TRAMSPORTADOW............................ C l a s s 1 r a i l r o a d s .......................... L o c a l r a i l w a y s and bus l i n e s ................ T r u c k i n g a nd w a r e h o u s i n g . .... O t h e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n a nd s e r v i c e s . . . . . . . . Bus lines, e x c e p t l o c a l .......................... Sept. 486.0 54.0 18.3 94.2 29.8 67.7 79-0 145.0 4,151 2,792 1,241.7 1 ,092.1 116.0 791.2 642.7 45.2 Aw. 476.3 52.3 17.8 92.2 29.8 66.5 76.1 141.6 Production workers 1954 Sept. 470.1 54-3 17-1 88.7 29.7 66.2 69.9 144.2 4,137 4,023 2,769 2,701 1 ,212.0 1,245.5 1 ,096.1 113.2 772.8 637-2 45.5 l,o64.o 124.8 732.1 631.8 45.4 116.7 105.1 T e l e g r a p h .................................... 41.9 773 731.0 4i.6 738 OTHER P U BUC U T t U H E S ........ ........... 589 566.2 595 571.7 Air transportation (common c a r r i e r ) ....... COMMUMICATIOM............................. Telephone.. .................................... . Gas and e l e c t r i c u t i l i t i e s .................. E l e c t r i c l i g h t a n d p o w e r u t i l i t i e s ...... Gas u t i l i t i e s .................................. E l e c t r i c l i g h t a n d gas u t i l i t i e s c l a s s i f i e d ...................................... 117-3 770 727.5 696.2 4i.2 584 Sept. 399-7 43.7 15.6 80.2 22.2 56.2 64.2 117.6 1C Aug. 388.3 42.1 15-2 78.2 22.2 54.7 61.5 114.4 1359 Sept. 386.4 44.4 14.6 74.8 22.4 55.7 56.8 117-7 - - - - - _ - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - 253-0 143.1 254.8 145.2 560.8 250.9 140.7 170.1 171.7 169.2 - 23.0 23.4 22.8 - - - f/MDf................ 10,813 10,638 10,447 - - - WHOLESALE TRADE........................... 2,877 2,863 2,789 - - - RETA!L TRADE.............................. 7,936 1,392.5 1,515-2 785.1 588.4 3,654.7 7,775 7,658 - - - - - - - General merchandise s t o r e s . .............. F o o d and l i q u o r s t o r e s ....................... A u t o m o t i v e an d a c c e s s o r i e s d e a l e r s . ...... A p p a r e l and a c c e s s o r i e s s t o r e s ............. Other retail t r a d e .......................... f S M f f ....... B a n k s and t r u s t c o m p a n i e s ................... S e c u r i t y d e a l e r s and e x c h a n g e s ............. I n s u r a n c e c a r r i e r s an d a g e n t s .............. O t h e r f i n a n c e a g e n c i e s and r e a l e s t a t e . . . ................. Per^nal^ervicesf .................................................... FEDERAL.................................... STATE AMD LOCAL........................... 1,499.0 788.3 540.8 3,631.4 2,224 555-6 78.7 798.3 791.6 2,241 5,791 507.6 5,818 561.2 80.2 802.7 796.8 575-4 1,348.9 1,444.0 753.1 580.3 3,531.8 2,i4i 531.0 68.8 775.8 764.9 5,719 336.4 155-3 24o.6 6,911 2,173 4,738 337-7 151.1 239-6 - - _ - - - _ 511.6 ................... M o t i o n p i c t u r e s ................................ 6 1 ,315.0 329.1 157-3 239-7 - - - * - 6,717 6,746 - - - 2,190 4,527 2,142 4,6o4 - - - Tab!# A-3: index#! of production-work#r emp!oyment and weekty payro!! in manufacturing Year and month Production-worker employment Index (in t h o u s a n d s ) ( 1 9 4 7 - 4 9 = 100) Production-worker payroll index ( 1 9 4 7 - 4 9 - 100) A n nu a l average: 1919........................ 1920........................ 1921........................ 1922........................ 1923........................ 1924........................ 1923........................ 1926........................ 1927........................ 1928........................ 1929........................ 1930........................ 1931........................ 1932........................ 1933........................ 1934........................ 1933........................ 1936........................ 1937........................ 1938........................ 1939........................ 1940....................... 1941....................... 1942........................ 1943........................ 1944........................ 1943........................ 1946....................... 1947........................ 1948....................... 8,493 8,329 6,328 7,223 8,269 7,678 7,947 8,097 7,983 7,937 68.7 69.0 32.8 38.4 66.9 62.1 64.2 633 64.1 64.2 8,443 7,338 68.3 5,273 3,840 42.6 6,212 6,811 7,269 7,900 8,666 7,372 8,192 8,811 10,877 12,834 13,014 14,607 12,864 12,103 12,793 12,715 595 30.2 47.2 35.1 38.8 639 70.1 31.1 37.1 24.0 23.7 32.6 30.4 32.1 33-0 32.4 32.8 33.0 28.3 21.3 14.8 13.9 20.4 23.3 27-2 32.6 39.6 23.3 66.2 71.2 87.9 299 34.0 49.3 103.9 121.4 118.1 104.0 97-9 103.4 102.8 72.2 99-0 102.8 87.8 81.2 97-7 103.1 1949........................ 1950........................ 1951........................ 1952........................ 1933........................ 1934........................ 11,397 12,317 13,155 13,144 13,833 129.8 136.6 12,388 93.8 99.6 106.4 106.3 111.8 101.8 1954: August.............. 12,418 November............ December............ 12,612 12,657 12,645 February............ April............... May................. June................ July................ August.............. September........... 97.2 111.7 131.4 137.7 ioo.4 134.8 12,577 101.7 102.0 102.3 102.2 139-1 142.2 143.1 12,523 12,649 12,778 12,816 12,882 13,086 101.2 102.3 io4.i 150.1 152.1 12,951 104.7 107.2 108.2 151.0 13,262 13,378 103-3 103.6 105.8 138.0 141.5 144.4 146.6 146.7 154.6 158.8 366369 0 - 55 - 4 7. Shipyards Tabte A -4: Emptoyees in Government and private shipyards, by region (In thousands) 1954 1955 Region JL/ September August September ........................................................... 205.8 208.4 208.5 PRIVATE YARDS................................................ 98.2 100.4 100.9 NAVY YARDS................................................... 107.6 108.0 107.6 WORTH ATLAMT!C..................................... 88.0 40.9 47.1 88.4 4i.o 47.4 86.1 38.8 36.5 21.1 36.6 15.6 21.0 37-4 17.3 22.6 23.3 23.5 51.4 P rivate y a r d s . .................****************** Navy yards 2 / ....................................... SOUTH ATLAMTtC..................................... GULF: Private y a r d s .......................................... PACtFtC............................................ Private y a r d s .......................................... 15.4 47.3 20.1 10.5 11.8 39.6 52.9 12.7 40.2 3.3 3.1 4.7 5.5 5.6 3.9 49.9 39.4 GREAT LAKES: HtLAM: Private y a r d s .......................................... 1/ The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, N e w Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in the following States: Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. The Gul f region includes all yards bordering on the Gul f o f Mexico in the following States: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. The Pacific region includes all yards in California, Oregon, and Washington. The Great Lakes region includes all yards bordering on the Great Lakes in the following States: Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. The Inland region includes all other yards. J2/ Data include Curtis B a y Coast Guard Yard. 8 Federal G o \ e r n m e n ! Tabte A-5: Federat personnet, civitian and mHitary (In thousands) September Executive 2,142 2,190 2,164.5 2,115.9 1,035.1 506.1 605.7 i,o4o.o 1,012.6 503.3 599.9 21.5 4.2 21.6 4.1 22.0 C o l u m b i a -3/.............................................. 229.6 232.0 225.7 ................................................. 209.2 211.5 204.7 90.0 8.5 110.7 90.9 8.6 112.2 86.5 8.7 109.5 19.7 19.7 20.2 =^ .......... ............................... D i s t r i c t of September 2,173 ................................................. Department of Defense ^ August 2,146.9 TOTAL FEDERAL C<V)L)AM EMPLOYMEWT i/.................... Executive 1954 1955 Branch and agency .7 .......................................... TOTAL MtLiTARY PERSORREL A/............................. Army ............ 510.2 614.2 .7 4.0 .7 2,958 2,974 3,309 1,109.5 1,123.8 660.4 201.7 29.2 659.1 202.0 29.0 1,385.0 961.7 711.1 957.6 959.8 221.8 28.9 1/ D a t a refer to Continental United States only. 2/ Includes all executive agencies (except the Central Intelligence Agency), and Government corporations. Civilian employment in navy yards, arsenals, hospitals, and on force-account construction is also included. 3/ Includes all Federal civilian employment in Washington Standard Metropolitan Area (District of Columbia and adjacent Maryland and Virginia counties). 4/ Data refer to Continental United States and elsewhere. 9 St at e Employment Tabte A-6: Emptoyees in nonagricutturat estabtishments, by industry division and State (In thousands) TOTAL State Sept. Arizona.!/............... 1955 686.3 217.8 318.1 4,138.4 659.5 213.5 313.7 4,105.3 867.0 860.8 423.4 Connecticut.............. - District of Columbia..... Florida.................. Georgia.................. Idaho.................... Illinois................. Iova..................... 499.5 857.6 938.6 - 492.9 3,942.1 411.8 846.6 492.2 828.0 142.4 3,348.3 1 ,390.0 639 2 896.0 142.1 3,298.1 1,317.6 629.5 548.2 546.6 550.2 - 699.6 275 2 829.3 1 ,816.1 2,355-6 889.2 349 5 1,278.7 163.0 362.9 90.9 - 693 9 280.3 820.4 1,798.6 2,338.0 880.0 345.3 1 ,265.6 164.0 360.0 89.4 - 695.8 27A 3 797.2 1,777.2 2,194.1 872.9 341.3 1,248.9 152.2 355.9 80.2 14.8 11.9 6.6 14.3 6.3 37.8 14.4 (2/) (3/) 6.6 4.6 3.9 826.2 2,205.8 Utah..................... Vermont.................. 233-6 104.4 222.5 104.4 219.7 918.0 904.0 765.8 774.3 483.9 1,107.2 See footnotes at end of table. 88.6 480.6 1 ,112.0 90.2 102.0 888.5 753.2 460.4 1,076.3 89.8 10.1 10.5 176.9 80.3 55.6 32.2 10.5 3.2 174.6 79.7 38.3 18.6 39.9 - (3/) 91.4 116.3 70.7 18.9 72.8 2.2 2.2 16.3 15.0 16.8 18.2 18.1 3.0 9.1 10.9 3.1 3.9 .3 18.2 3.1 9.2 11.1 3.0 5.1 .3 4.5 13.2 10.9 4.0 2.2 22.3 3.1 9.1 6.0 2.1 4.8 47.3 j 14.6 ' 69.5 : 12.4 28.5 10.3 .2 10.1 4.1 107.1 12.8 15.8 2.1 21.1 49.6 252.7 47.2 12.5 165.9 32.3 (3/) 1.4 96.3 (3/) 210.3 19.0 2.4 9.4 124.8 2.4 96 128.4 2.4 9.4 123.3 15.5 1.4 11.2 13.1 1.3 14.4 2.3 71.7 4.2 9.6 4.0 2.1 22.3 50.0 1.6 93*8 (3/) 1.1 16.3 2.2 74.8 4.3 8.3 50.9 ! 1.6 96.1 1.1 1.4 15.9 2.3 74.4 4.3 8.4 11.5 3-9 1.0 18.8 87.7 a/) 2.2 3,610.7 291.4 5H.9 125.3 836.7 19.3 34.0 17.9 17-3 291.4 26.5 49.3 - 85.6 (3/) 496.9 3,683.1 297.8 523.1 125.7 2,271.4 (3/) 7.3 4.6 4.6 26.2 49.8 - 36.9 35.8 .5 1,014.2 118.7 3,051.7 547.6 124.6 840.9 2,273-7 3.4 13.4 (2/) - 32.9 19.3 16.7 289.7 37.i 39.3 .5 10.9 301.6 526.8 4.7 4.5 19.1 5,893.7 1 ,005.0 119.5 2,954.0 537.5 South Carolina..... ..... South Dakota............. Tennessee............. . Texas.................... 5.2 36.2 Contract construction 1954 1955 Sept. Sept. Aug. 37.2 39.8 .5 4.0 14.6 483.1 (3/) 18.7 3.4 1,824.9 495.6 3,733-4 14.8 (2/) - 30.5 10.3 1 ,867.3 180.9 5,890.4 176.0 38.1 31.0 10.4 1 ,876.7 183.5 Oregon.!/................ Pennsylvania............. 11.4 13.4 6.3 16.1 177.7 North Dakota............. Ohio..................... Oklahoma................. 10 1954 Sept. 185.4 5,9516 1 ,032.3 119-9 3 ,091.0 550.1 Vest Virginia............ Wisconsin................ Wyoming.................. Mining 1955 Sept. Aug. 182.3 Nev Hampshire............ Nev Mexico............... Nev York................. 424.3 668.9 201.5 311.8 851.9 937 2 139.4 3,330.0 1,384.6 635 9 Kansas................... Kentucky................. Louisiana............. . Maine.................... Mississippi.............. Missouri................. Aug. 1954 Sept. 28.4 37.9 9.1 54.6 163.7 58.0 38.8 41.4 - 35.3 17.7 16.5 262.5 25.9 42.3 19.4 82.0 51.2 10.5 179.4 63.1 36.2 40.8 53.2 14.3 63.3 77.8 47.8 15.6 66.8 87.1 112.4 124.5 71.6 19.2 17.3 75.3 12.4 28.5 10.6 10.4 106.7 16.0 249.9 47.8 12.7 167.8 32.8 29.8 202.3 18.3 39.4 9.9 55.2 60.7 72.6 12.6 25.3 9.7 10.5 98.4 14.9 250.3 48.6 13.1 164.8 32.4 26.1 190.8 17.2 39.1 11.8 61.1 170.7 154.6 16.8 17.0 51.0 22.8 62.8 52.3 23.6 65.7 14.0 4.9 5.3 63.1 66.4 7.5 5-4 7.3 60.9 51.9 19.2 56.8 7.8 Tab!e A-6: Emptoyees !n nonagricuttura) estabiishments, by industry division and State - Continued (in thousands) State Alabama..^................... Manufacturing 1954 1955 Sept. Aug. Sept. California................... Colorado..................... Connecticut.................. Delaware..................... 1,159.5 67.9 413.6 222.4 31.3 85.4 1,157.3 66.5 410.1 62.0 63.2 District of Columbia......... 16.1 125.0 Illinois..................... Kansas....................... 238.9 32.1 86.0 16.0 226.8 26.7 81.8 1,095.0 66.0 408.0 58.9 16.4 29.3 77.4 330.3 1,260.9 1,262.3 28.3 1 ,208.7 16.4 299.6 28.2 616.2 166.6 121.5 163.9 149.3 110.1 27.2 618.2 168.8 122.3 167.3 149.6 309.9 575.6 Virginia..................... Washington................... West Virginia................ Wisconsin.................... Wyoming...................... 36.0 696.8 34.8 689.4 206.4 16.0 301.0 101.8 295 5 58.3 284.0 172.4 98.2 142.8 375.8 455.1 370.9 451.7 373.9 440.4 90.8 27.6 221.8 219.5 83.5 305.9 41.4 96.4 19.1 332 220.3 82.9 312.6 336.4 41.8 1,264.4 199.4 37.6 131.4 326.4 4o.i 1,273.7 199.7 37.9 579.6 133.0 111.5 681.1 109.2 687.0 606.7 183.1 589.3 53.6 951.8 152.4 75.0 118.4 151.9 91.2 26.6 127.6 22.8 91.6 26.7 127.1 22.8 10.0 10.8 10.9 96.9 371.9 5.2 78.9 796.2 17.1 1,919.9 444.6 6.8 1,271.3 83.2 42.6 150.2 18.9 488.1 60.5 14.4 43.1 9.9 148.3 19.0 487.9 60.2 14.4 74.3 124.9 22.4 43.1 9.1 10.7 147.0 18.3 481.6 59.2 14.2 170.6 84.8 312.5 40.6 96.6 19.1 32.5 335.8 41.9 1 ,287.6 201.7 229.8 229.7 50.4 216.8 48.9 37.7 589.9 132.9 322.1 15.8 47.9 48.2 321.9 15.7 46.9 310.5 112.6 691.0 10.4 10.4 50.5 59.3 226.5 58.8 226.9 223.8 186.1 609.6 35.0 23.1 23.1 53.5 245.7 204.9 125.7 438.3 85.1 67.1 22.6 8.6 32.4 37.1 249.1 212.3 135.5 464.9 6.6 701.9 274.4 172.1 118.3 254.0 672.0 220.7 11.7 275.6 426.9 37.2 37.3 253.1 282.6 201.0 36.0 53.0 57.1 229.0 12.0 287.7 442.6 206.8 91.2 243.1 165.5 58.7 155.3 1,421.4 1,473.5 132.7 135.7 454.2 6.7 90.5 249.4 162.1 1 ,492.4 136.0 229.0 12.0 286.6 215.2 16.0 92.5 81.3 20.2 810.1 17.8 Utah......................... 69.7 249.8 81.9 20.6 817.1 18.0 1 ,927.1 442.4 29.5 74.6 67.5 81.3 20.2 76.6 116.8 151.4 107.4 Nev Jersey.!/................ Nev Mexico................... Nev York..................... North Carolina............... North Dakota................. Ohio......................... Oklahoma..................... 158.3 25.9 76.6 147.5 134.1 124.5 163.5 54.1 17.0 58.6 91.2 42.7 - 886.2 110.1 134.9 124.6 21.0 1,893.5 454.2 6.9 1,342.0 4L.7 - 136.4 51.2 75.1 64.3 57.0 21.5 59.8 6.0 82.0 464.8 6.9 1,366.9 91.4 43.6 137.8 53.7 74.6 913.0 114.1 144.1 - 66.3 217.0 82.6 45.2 138.5 53.9 76.1 919.3 113.4 146.2 - 65.7 57.7 213.O 59.6 5.1 29.4 343.4 49.5 19.9 30.3 331.9 132.1 150.3 219.1 996 390.1 20.9 162.1 Minnesota.................... Mississippi.................. Missouri..................... Montana...................... Nebraska.!/.................. Nevada....................... Nev Hampshire................ 99.9 391.1 70.2 48.6 Wholesale and retail trade 1954 1955 Aug. Sept. Sept. 101.7 58.0 264.1 693.9 1,084.4 Tennessee.................... 29.8 344.7 45.3 42.9 - 121.9 Maryland..................... Massachusetts................ Michigan..................... Rhode Island................. 48.9 20.7 124.5 329.6 112.8 266.1 683.8 1,090.0 Oregon.!/.................... Transportation and public utilities 1954 1955 Sept. Aug. Sept. 130.5 36.2 6.6 24.9 8.4 52.4 78.2 15.5 25.1 8.4 84.4 66.3 52.0 78.5 15.7 15.6 25.2 10.2 57.8 79.7 64.4 49.2 77.2 15.6 54.1 101.5 39.8 19.6 201.5 171.4 82.5 228.1 19.7 170.5 166.5 581.6 53.2 99.5 39.9 184.0 19.8 198.2 168.6 82.3 227.8 19.8 131.6 126.1 164.8 53.0 165.5 4o.2 95.7 17.0 31.8 53.3 97.7 39.4 51.0 19.2 196.5 167.3 81.2 228.5 19.5 See footnotes at end of table. 11 S tjtc Employment Tab!^ A -6: Emp!oywas in nonagricuttura! wstabtishments, by industry division and Stat# - Continued State Colorado.... ................ (In thousands) Finance, insurance, Service and and real estate miscellaneous 1954 1954 1955 1955 Sept. - Au&^ _ Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept. 23.7 8.4 9-7 187.7 18.8 Delavare..................... 46.0 - District of ColumbiaJi/...... 23.2 Illinois..................... Iova......................... 45.2 33.8 4.5 170.1 46.2 27.1 19.5 19.0 Maine ? .................. Maryland, z/.................. 25.5 7.6 37.3 Ohio......................... South Dakota................. 46.5 - 23.4 45.3 34.0 17.2 132.5 12.4 13.4 4.9 29.4 101.6 Utah......................... 9.4 3.2 V i r g i n i a . .................. 38.3 32.2 11.4 38.9 2.4 23.3 42.9 32.5 4.3 65.1 122.7 87.3 16.5 376.3 99.6 19.6 18.8 18.8 18.6 25.3 7.7 37.4 41.8 9.5 77.3 6.2 425.3 30.5 5.1 99.4 21.0 59.5 26.4 34.9 525.4 55.0 89.5 - 169.1 41.7 5.7 19.7 2.2 5.6 22.3 7.7 9.1 178.3 17.4 44.7 - 4.5 172.3 46.8 27.5 89.8 62.0 Nev York..................... North Carolina............... 187.8 18.8 88.3 70.0 9.5 Nev Hampshire................ 23.7 8.5 9.8 44.4 27.0 24.0 7.4 36.7 71.8 58.4 61.9 78.7 27.5 87.2 220.7 213-7 59.3 26.5 34.9 520.7 57.3 88.9 - 65.0 122.3 88.1 16.8 373.4 59.4 25.1 35.7 504.5 55.1 65.7 116.7 86.4 254.0 145.3 150.4 253.3 140.9 146.3 246.7 139.5 16.8 57.8 56.7 61.7 76.1 27.6 89.6 86.0 91.8 87.3 91.7 84.6 190.3 183.7 21.0 187.5 22.6 812.5 91.7 14.8 277.9 55.5 17.5 133.8 12.7 13.5 5.0 29.6 102.5 17.4 131.8 12.1 12.6 5.0 28.7 98.5 56.7 398.2 9.3 3-2 38.3 8.4 3.1 35.5 11.4 39.3 2.3 11.4 37.3 2.1 100.6 32.2 30.1 36.3 148.2 20.7 44.6 22.8 823.4 91.8 14.5 280.2 55.4 35.8 148.7 20.7 45.1 19.5 23.4 804.6 91.2 14.5 275.4 58.1 54.7 3S9.9 95.0 112.2 41.7 121.8 229.2 247.4 122.2 70.4 151.8 28.7 67.3 13.6 19.6 197.7 45.5 747.5 131.9 26.4 338.9 116.5 39.9 559 393.5 29.9 39-7 88.6 88.8 269.3 270.3 264.2 72.9 391.1 35-1 79-1 29.5 126.9 335.8 25.1 12.9 25.1 86.1 43.6 110.7 11.1 86.6 43.9 23.9 12.5 91.9 84.9 53.0 16.3 167.9 149.1 29.2 16.7 92.7 142.9 25.6 62.5 78.6 28.6 88.0 223.5 75.6 5.8 419.0 29.2 4.8 95.1 20.1 30.7 5.1 74.9 71.5 20.7 428.3 25.1 80.3 337.1 25.1 23.0 78.2 6.3 79.2 324.2 146.4 97.0 71.4 374.2 99.8 26.8 81.1 338.9 152.2 101.7 98.2 1.9 5.5 19.0 56.0 124.4 41.3 56.7 647.5 13.6 102.5 5.6 19.7 2.2 5-6 58.6 122.3 41.3 13.8 101.8 62.9 42.7 1954 Sept. - 86.5 104.2 36.3 151.7 20.2 45.4 24.6 21.4 40.4 9.3 61.4 5-1 127.8 Aug. 653.6 208.4 71.1 Sept. 674.3 82.4 79.0 14.3 223.2 209.1 86.3 67.8 Government 1955 16.6 13.3 92.6 110.0 13.4 28.5 39.9 16.3 87.0 43.0 110.6 11.4 60.7 126.3 17.4 151.6 99.1 107.9 40.4 118.4 225.I 237.5 109.2 40.9 116.6 225.7 122.6 67.5 147.0 29.2 64.9 13.5 19.4 123.0 192.8 193.5 241.0 68.4 147.7 28.2 67.0 13.0 19.4 44.0 732.1 733; 2 25.4 327.5 330.0 126.1 43.6 128.6 26.2 114.5 112.2 380.8 70.3 72.1 383.1 29.6 123.0 323.3 28.8 123.5 325.2 50.8 51.7 35.3 75.8 15.7 34.2 75.7 162.7 145.2 16.3 163.9 147.4 16.7 123.4 17.2 57-5 121.4 59.0 l/ Revised series; not strictly comparable vith previously published data. 2/ Mining combined vith construction. 2/ Mining combined vith service. 4/ Federal employment in Maryland and Virginia portions of the Washington, D. C., metropolitan area included in data for District of Columbia. At btipjoymt/nt Tabte A-7: Emptoyees in nonagricuttura! estabtishments for setected areas, by industry division (In thousands) Area and industry division Number of employees 1954 1955 Sept. Sept. Aug. ALABAMA Birmingham Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. Mobile Total.................. Contract construction... Manufactur ing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service l/............. Government............. ARIZONA Phoenix 2/ Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. Tucson 2/ Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. ARKANSAS Little RockN. Little Rock Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service ............. Government............. CALIFORNIA Fresno Manufacturing.......... 198.6 11.3 14.0 65.2 16.5 44.7 11.6 19.0 16.4 81.2 3.9 17.7 11.0 17.1 2.6 176.6 6.6 14.2 48.7 16.4 44.4 80.1 78.0 17.6 10.8 17.0 10.4 17.2 2.5 8.2 19.8 3.9 17.1 2.6 20.7 19.8 30.8 5.8 12.8 18.4 46.2 2.0 4.2 7.7 5.0 10.3 1.5 7.0 8.5 70.3 6.6 12.0 7.8 17.3 4.6 9.6 16.4 15.9 11.6 18.9 8.4 .2 10.2 17.7 9.5 11.8 61.1 43.0 10.8 18.8 16.5 8.4 105.4 188.7 10.4 103.2 .1 9.2 17.4 9.6 3.0 97.3 .2 8.8 30.5 15.2 9.0 28.5 12.8 17.8 12.2 18.2 45.2 41.5 1.9 3.8 5.2 4.7 9-9 1.4 6.3 8.3 5.8 1.9 4.2 7.4 5.0 10.3 1.6 6.8 8.0 69.5 6.6 11.9 7.8 17.1 4.6 9.7 5.2 67.7 54 11.7 7.9 17.4 4.2 9.4 12.5 11.8 11.8 14.6 14.6 15.6 Area and industry division Los Angeles Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction Manufacturi ng....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... Number of employees 1955 1954 Sept. Sept. -Aug1,974.7 14.9 133.4 687.7 128.1 434.1 91-9 1,963.9 15.1 133.4 689.9 127.6 430.7 14.4 120.4 642.4 123.0 417.0 267.9 216.7 265.6 209.1 87.5 253.2 207.4 Sacramento Manufacturing....... 14.7 14.4 13.2 San BernardinoRiverside-Ontario Manufacturing....... 28.3 28.3 25.7 186.O .2 12.9 185.2 181.3 San Diego Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction Manufactur ing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... 92.5 1 ,865.3 .2 12.3 45.7 43.2 .2 13.1 45.8 10.9 41.6 7.2 24.8 41.6 911.1 900.0 886.3 1.4 101.9 203.6 101.5 201.6 192.6 100.4 198.6 171.0 110.7 167.7 109.3 San Jose Manufacturing....... 44.9 44.6 39.0 Stockton Manufacturing....... 16.4 16.5 15.1 240.5 1.5 241.6 1.5 234.2 1.5 27.9 67.9 13.4 32.7 39.4 65.3 12.4 31.9 San Franc isco-Oakland Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... COLORADO Denver Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... 45.7 10.9 41.7 7.5 23.9 1.3 64.4 199.5 56.9 112.5 15.8 42.9 28.1 67.5 13.1 31.8 39.8 1.4 64.6 195.4 57.1 15.8 43.0 11.1 40.6 6.9 23.9 40.6 58.9 55.7 169.4 16.6 41.7 26.6 38.0 See footnotes at end of tal)le. 13 Area Empioyment Tabte A-7: Emptoyees in nonagricuttura! estabtishments for setected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division CONNECTICUT Bridgeport Total.................. Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service............... . Government............. Hartford Total.................. Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Governme nt............. Nev Britain Total.................. Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. Nev Haven Total.................. Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. Stamford Total.................. Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util___ Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. Waterbury Total.................. Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. See footnotes at end of table. 14 (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1955 195E" division Sept. Aug. 121.1 6.1 70.8 5.7 18.9 2.6 9.7 7.4 195.6 9.8 73.6 7*5 39.0 27-5 20.5 17.7 42.9 1-3 28.1 2.0 55 .7 2.8 2.4 119.6 6.5 119.3 6.2 69.2 5-7 18.6 2.6 9.5 7.5 193.6 2.5 9.7 7.3 17.8 41.4 1.4 4l.l 1.4 26.8 26.6 10.0 72.6 7.5 38.1 27.6 20.1 2.0 5.3 .7 2.7 2.5 118.8 6.6 45.2 11.8 22.8 8.9 8.9 6.3 17.2 47.3 3.5 47.3 3.6 9.7 9.6 1.8 19.0 195.3 9.5 74.3 7.5 39.0 27.2 20.4 17.3 45.7 12.1 23.1 6.2 17.2 18.9 2.6 115.7 5.5 65.9 5.7 18.6 2.6 1.8 2.0 5.5 .7 2.8 2.3 119.7 6.2 46.6 11.6 23.2 5.9 17.5 8.6 48.5 3.4 21.1 2.6 9.2 1.6 7.3 3.5 7.5 3.6 7.2 3.5 64.5 3*1 38.4 2.7 9-7 1.4 4.4 4.8 64.3 66.5 2.1 2.2 39.6 42.2 2.6 2.6 9.6 1.4 4.3 4.7 9.5 1.3 4.1 4.7 DELAWARE Wilmington Manufacturing. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Washington Total............... Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............... Finance............. Service l/.......... Government.......... FLORIDA Jacksonville Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing..... . Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... Miami Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 3^/........... Government........... Tampa-St. Petersburg 2/ Total................ Contract construction. Manufactur ing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 3^........... Government........... GEORGIA Atlanta Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... Number of employees Sept. 1951. Aug. THE Sept. 57.6 58.8 53.3 625.8 42.1 618.9 26.2 26.3 615.0 40.5 42.3 128.4 31.2 86.3 41.4 39.0 126.1 31.4 269.3 86.1 268.6 117.6 117.0 8.7 19.1 14.6 34.6 9.7 13.7 17.3 223.5 26.7 27.2 28.9 68.1 12.3 4o.o 20.5 132.4 13.3 8.7 19.8 18.2 222.3 203.4 21.5 23.9 27.4 25.9 26.9 28.5 13.6 16.3 68.8 12.4 40.7 19.3 61.5 12.2 38.2 18.8 129.2 125.3 13.4 17.1 17.5 17.1 16.7 319.7 317.6 34.4 113.9 9.4 14.4 33.3 8.9 23.1 10.6 41.9 21.1 90.1 32.6 82.6 20.9 38.0 31.2 86.2 262.0 14.3 34.5 9.7 13.7 16.4 24.9 10.7 42.4 6.6 26.4 42.0 126.7 6.6 21.7 89.1 32.2 81.4 21.1 37.9 34.2 13.8 23.6 10.4 39.0 5.9 15.9 16.8 298.9 17.3 78.7 31.1 80.3 20.1 38.0 33.4 A rea fm p lo v m e n t Tab!* A-7: Emptoyees in nonaaricuttura! estabtishments, for setected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1954 1955 division Sept. Autr. Sept. GEORGIA - Continued Savannah Total.................. Contract construction... Manufac tur ing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service l/............. Government............. IDAHO Boise Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service................ Government............. Sept. 1555 Aug. 1954 Sept. South Bend 51.6 2.8 14 .9 6.8 12.8 1.6 6.2 51.5 3.1 14.6 6.7 13.1 6.5 6.0 20.6 1.6 1.8 2.2 6.4 1.3 3.0 20.6 6.3 1.3 20.7 1.8 2.0 2.2 6.3 1.2 4.3 4.2 4.2 ILLINOIS Chicago Total.................. 2,521.8 Mining................. 3.6 Contract construction... 117.0 Manufacturing.......... 1,009.9 Trans. and pub. util.... 220.7 Trade.................. 514.4 Finance................ 140.4 Service................ 290.9 Government............. 224.8 1.6 6.4 1.7 1.9 2.2 3.0 49.9 2.6 14.4 6.5 12.7 1.6 6.0 6.1 3-0 Manufacturing.......... Other nonmanufacturing.. IOWA Des Moines Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance................ Service l/............. Government............. , 1 002.0 222.0 510.4 142.4 290.3 214.4 2,471.2 3.7 113.6 971.7 214.5 518.7 INDIANA Evansville Total.................. Manufacturing.......... Nonmanufacturing....... (3/) (^/) (^/) 68.0 32.8 35.2 63.0 28.3 Fort Wayne Total.................. Contract construction... Manufactur ing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service 4/............. (3 /) (^/) (3 /) (3/) (3 /) (^/) (3 /) 80.6 3.3 37.6 7.4 17.5 3.5 11.3 76.8 3.6 33.8 7.0 17.4 3.4 Indianapolis Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Other nonmanufacturing.. (^/) (^/) (3 /) (^/) Q/) (^/) (j}/) 282.4 266.8 11.1 110.5 2 2 .1 63.9 16.0 58.8 Finance................ Service................ Government............. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance................ Service................ Government............. 34.7 11.6 9.8 99-7 19.7 63.5 15.4 58.7 96.8 97.4 6.7 22.8 7.8 6.6 22.5 7.8 80.3 41.6 15.0 23.7 93.3 6.6 21.4 7.5 25.O 9.9 12.1 26.0 10.1 12.5 11.4 26.0 46.9 47.2 .2 4.0 6.2 7.6 9.5 2.4 5.8 11.7 45.9 119.9 1.7 8.7 48.8 7.6 122.5 26.5 25.8 10.2 12.5 11.5 10.8 .2 3.8 5.8 7.6 9.6 2.4 5.9 11.9 .2 3.1 6.0 7.6 9.5 2.3 5.5 11.9 Wichita 2/ 140.7 287.8 220.5 84.6 44.2 15.3 25.1 KANSAS Topeka Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... 2,502.4 3.6 117.3 (3 /) (2/) (2/) (2/) KENTUCKY Louisville Total.................. Contract construction... Manufac tur ing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... 119.3 1.7 8.6 48.5 7.5 26.4 4.8 H.9 10.0 4.8 H.9 10.0 1.5 8.2 54.3 7.1 4.7 11.6 9.5 Finance................ Service l/............. Government............. 22.6 52.6 247.3 16.2 100.4 22.3 52.4 234.9 16.8 88.1 22.2 51.8 23.8 22.8 23.8 22.3 23.4 22.9 LOUISIANA Baton Rouge Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... 5.8 19.3 5.8 19.3 6.7 19.0 11.9 2.0 243.3 15.2 96.5 9.8 12.2 2.1 9.9 12.2 2.1 9.7 See footnotes at end of table. 366369 0 - 55 - 5 15 Area Emptoyment Tabte A-7: Emptoyees in nonagritu!tvra! estab!ishments for seiected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division (in thousands) Number of employees TS5T Sect. LOUISIANA - Continued Nev Orleans Total................. Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util., Trade................. Finance............... Service.............. Government........... MAINE Leviston Total................. Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Service ........... Government........... Portland Total................ . Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... MARYLAND Baltimore Total................ . Mining............... Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... MASSACHUSETTS Boston Total................ Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/.......... Government.......... Fall River Total................ Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. See footnotes at end of table. 16 270.4 5.3 2 1.0 51.4 43.0 67.8 13.3 35.9 33-0 JUi&i Sect. 269.2 270.0 21.0 51.0 43.2 21.7 52.8 5.2 67.4 13.2 5.0 42.4 67.7 12.8 36.1 35.7 32.1 28.0 28.0 15.0 15.0 1.1 27.4 1.3 14.4 1.1 5.1 .7 3.8 1.0 1.3 1.1 5-2 .7 3.7 1.0 53.1 3-6 32.3 1.3 5.2 .7 3.7 1.0 53.9 3.8 13.8 14.0 14.7 14.9 6.4 3-3 7.9 3.4 571.4 .8 42.8 196.3 58.5 113.9 28.6 60.8 69.7 963.3 53-5 282.6 78.6 218.7 64.7 130.5 134.7 47.7 27.7 2.6 6.4 3.3 8.1 3.4 562.6 .8 40.7 196.3 57.3 111.0 28.5 60.9 67.1 952.5 50.9 279.7 79.3 214.6 66.0 129.2 132.8 46.7 27.0 2.6 53.5 3.9 14.2 6.3 14.6 3.2 7.9 3.4 547.9 .8 40.0 185.5 56.7 111.4 28.2 59.5 65.8 946.7 4i.i 278.9 78.9 221.0 63.9 129.8 133.1 45.1 25.0 2.4 Area and industry division Fall River - Continued Trade................ Government........... Other nonmanufacturing Nev Bedford Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Government........... Other nonmanufacturing Springfield-Holyoke Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... Worcester Total................ Contract construction. Manufactur ing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 2/........... Government........... MICHIGAN Detroit Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... Number of employees _Se2t. 1955 Aug. *195?" -S'R*: 7.8 5.0 4.6 7.6 4.9 4.6 8.1 4.9 4.7 50.4 50.2 48.5 1.3 1.4 27.5 2.1 8.6 5.1 5.7 157.4 6.5 70.4 8.6 30.5 6.6 15.3 19.5 1.5 27.1 25.6 155.1 6.3 69.1 8.7 153.7 5.5 67.5 8.7 30.4 6.3 15.2 2.1 8.7 5.0 5.6 30.0 6.7 15.1 19.2 2.2 8.6 5.0 5.8 20.1 103.0 101.8 11.4 3.1 49.4 5.1 19.3 4.2 9.5 101.5 3.5 47.3 5.2 20.5 4.1 9.7 11.2 1 1 .2 3.4 49.5 52 19.9 4.1 9.5 1 ,272.6 1.0 67.8 1 ,266.2 243.1 45.5 1,175.1 .9 74.2 509.1 76.6 234.0 44.2 112.8 126.8 108.3 126.1 110.0 Flint Manufacturing........ 86.4 85.2 67.8 Grand Rapids Manufacturing........ 53.3 53-1 52.0 Lansing Manufacturing........ 32.7 31.7 28.0 Muskegon Manufacturing........ 26.4 27.1 24.4 Saginav Manufacturing........ 28.2 27.9 23.4 587.8 82.0 245.0 44.8 131.5 .9 65.8 594.5 81.2 Tab!# A-7: Emp)oy##s in nonagricMttura) #stab)ishm#nts, for s#)#ct#d areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division (In thousands) Number of employees Area and induatry igi. 1954 division Sept. Sept. A "S r MINNESOTA Duluth Total............... Contract construction Manufac tur ing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............... Finance............. Service l/.......... Government.......... Minneapolis-St. Paul Total............... Contract construction Manufacturi ng....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............... Finance............. Service l/.......... Government.......... MISSISSIPPI Jackson Manufacturing. MISSOURI Kansas City Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... St. Louis Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... MONTANA Great Falls Total................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Service 5/ ........... Government........... 44.1 3.0 10.3 7.7 10.7 1.9 6.4 43.8 7.8 42.7 2.6 9.5 7.4 10.8 11 . 1 3.0 10.0 1.9 1.9 6.3 3.9 4.1 6.3 4.0 492.0 487.5 4o.4 480.7 136.4 51.8 118.5 136.5 52.8 118.1 31.6 40.6 139.2 51.8 119.5 32.8 55.6 52.5 9.7 32.9 55.0 52.5 9.5 349.9 .8 348.5 19.1 98.8 18.9 98.6 45.2 45.3 94.5 20.9 39.9 30.6 .8 94.2 20.7 39.7 30.4 708.8 3.0 703.0 272.0 270.8 68.0 39.1 68.4 149-9 34.3 81.0 61.1 19.2 1.8 3.0 39.5 147.7 34.8 79.2 60.0 34.5 53.9 53.4 9.0 18.0 108.7 45.3 94.3 30.1 691.5 2.5 1954 Sept. Finance................ Service l/............. Government............. 146.6 9.0 32.0 23.4 36.6 11.2 19.8 146.6 8.9 31.7 23.6 36.6 11.4 145.5 9.3 31.2 23.1 36.6 11.1 14.8 14.8 19.8 19.3 15.1 NEVADA Reno Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing l/....... Trans, and pub. util.... 26.1 26.4 24.7 2.4 Finance................ Service................ Government............. 6.2 .9 7.2 3.7 2.4 2.0 3.7 NEW HAMPSHIRE Manchester Finance................ Service................ Government............. NEW JERSEY Newark-Jersey City 6/ Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... 2.5 2.0 3.7 6.2 .9 7.5 3.6 2.1 3.3 6.1 .8 6.5 3.5 41.2 2.2 19.9 2.7 7-6 2.0 4.2 2.7 40.3 799.1 45.1 77.7 73.5 798.2 .2 33.4 354.6 78.6 137.3 45.4 76.6 72.1 41.3 2.2 19.8 2.6 7.7 1.9 4.3 2.8 806.8 .2 33.4 357.0 79.2 140.7 2.1 19.1 2.5 7.6 1.9 4.3 2.8 .2 29.5 352.5 80.2 139.4 46.4 75.7 75.2 Finance................ Service................ Government............. 150.0 Paterson 6/ Manufacturing.......... 171.0 167.9 167.7 Perth Amboy 6/ Manufacturing.......... 82.1 81.1 79.7 Trenton Manufacturing.......... 41.2 40.3 37.8 58.8 58.5 54.4 4.9 9.1 4.9 255.4 66.6 33.9 78.1 60.4 3.0 17.3 1.7 5.9 3.5 2.4 5.9 3.5 2.4 5.8 3.4 2.6 Aug. 44.5 19.3 1.9 3.0 2.6 Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... 20.6 39.4 1955 NEBRASKA Omaha Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... 357.2 .8 Sept. 1.6 2.6 2.2 NEW MEXICO Albuquerque Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... 6.2 9.8 5.2 6.1 9.9 5.2 See footnotes at end of table. 17 Area Emptoymcnt Tabte A-7: Emptoyees in nonagricuttura) estab!ishments for setected areas, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Number of employees Area and industry 1951. -I25L. division Sept. Area and industry division NEW MEXICO - Continued Albuquerque - Continued Trade.. .............. Finance............... Service l/........... Government........... 15.2 3.5 7.4 11.5 NEW YORK Albany-S chene ctady-Tr oy Total.................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade.................. Government............ Other nonmanufacturing. 39.9 37.0 28.7 75.8 3.1 40.5 4.0 13.9 14.3 75.9 3.1 40.4 4.0 14.1 14.4 76.6 444.8 443.4 19.4 16.2 20.3 206.2 40.3 85.1 13.4 46.0 33.4 Elmira Total.................. Manufacturing......... Trade.................. Other nonmanufacturing. 33.4 17.2 6.4 9.8 Nassau and Suffolk Counties Total.................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade.................. Service j?/............ Government............. 10.8 207.2 6.9 76.5 Buffalo Total.................. Contract conatruction.. Manufacturing......... Trana. and pub. util... Trade.................. Finance................ Service l/............ Government............ 14.0 3.3 7.4 204.0 7.0 75.9 16.3 39.2 36.9 28.7 205.2 Binghamton Total................ Contract conatruction Manufacturing....... Tran8. and pub. util. Trade................ Other nonmanufacturing 15.2 3.6 7.4 11.1 206.1 40.4 84.4 13.7 45.9 33.5 33.2 17.0 6.5 9.8 303.5 30.5 95.8 304.9 20.3 65.2 20.5 30.2 8.3 77.5 16.6 39.5 36.9 28.4 3.3 4i.i 4.1 13.7 14.4 427.8 21.2 193.0 38.O 83.7 13.3 45.6 33.0 33.4 17.3 6.3 9.8 298.8 48.2 43.4 65.9 28.3 102.9 20.3 59.5 42.7 42.2 Nev York-NortheasternNev Jersey Manufacturing......... -,74i.i 1,708.3 1,751.4 Nev York City 6/ Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction.. Manufacturing......... t,538.9 1.7 114.0 977.5 3,481.0 1.7 3,528.9 1.8 952.1 992.1 See footnotes at end of table. 18 95.2 50.4 111.5 45.6 108.2 Number of employees 1954 1955 Sept. Aug. Sept. Nev York City 6/ - Con Trana. and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government.......... 322.2 805.9 348.2 557.8 411.6 321.9 788.7 350.6 550.9 403.6 318.9 805.7 343.5 553.5 405.2 Rochester Total................ Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Other nonmanufacturing 217.8 10.5 113.7 9.8 38.1 6.4 39.4 216.1 214.8 10.5 111.7 10.0 143.6 7.3 141.2 7.2 57.5 10.3 31.4 34.8 138.6 7.8 56.1 10.3 29.7 34.7 94.7 2.2 41.0 5.6 15.5 3.1 90 94.5 3.6 41.9 Syracuse Total................. Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Other nonmanufacturing Utica-Rome Total................ Contract conatruction. Manufacturing........ Trana. and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... We8tcheater County 6/ Total................ Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service 4/.......... NORTH CAROLINA Charlotte Total................ Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trana. and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service l/ .......... Government.......... 58.8 10.3 32.5 34.7 94.9 2.4 41.3 5-5 15.8 3.1 8.6 10.9 112.3 9.9 37.7 6.4 38.9 37.8 6.3 38.5 52 15.2 3.1 8.4 18.2 18.2 17.1 175.0 16.5 172.3 46.4 175.2 16.4 46.4 11.8 41.9 12.3 40.9 16.4 45.5 12.2 50.0 8.6 50.7 40.8 7.9 49.5 84.6 5.1 84.0 5.2 84.6 6.3 21.9 21.5 8.4 22.2 9.8 25.4 5.5 9.4 25.4 5.2 10.3 6.3 9.7 25-3 5.6 10.4 5.9 Greenaboro-High Point Manufactur ing....... 41.4 40.9 40.2 Raleigh-Durham Manufacturing....... 21.9 20.1 21.7 10.2 6.6 Tab!* A-7: Emptoy**: in nonagricuttura) estabiishments, for setected area:, by industry division - Continued (In thousands) Area and industry division Number of employees Sept. NORTH CAROLINA - Continued! Winston-Salem Manufacturing.......... NORTH DAKOTA Fargo Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service l/.............. Government.............. OHIO Akron Manufacturing....... Cincinnati Manufacturing....... Cleveland Manufacturing....... Dayton Manufacturing....... OKLAHOMA Oklahoma City Total................. Mining............... Contract construction, Manufacturing....... Trans. and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... Tulsa Total................ Mining............... Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government.......... OREGON Portland Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing........... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... 1955 Aug. 1954 Sept. 35-7 35.4 33.7 21.3 21.2 2.0 2.1 21.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.3 7.2 1.5 2.3 7.3 1.5 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.9 92.9 91.2 89.9 164.1 7.4 1.4 2.8 162.3 153.7 306.7 302.2 290.0 98.7 97.7 95.6 136.4 136.0 7.4 9.2 15.6 11.0 135.5 7.4 8.9 15.1 11.0 36.9 7.4 16.4 32.1 37.2 7.5 16.3 32.3 122.8 11.9 7.5 33.5 116.4 11.9 7.6 28.9 12.7 29.9 5.5 13.7 6.3 7.4 9.0 15.6 11.1 37.1 7.4 16.2 32.6 123.6 H.9 7.4 34.1 13.7 30.2 5.8 14.1 6.5 253.1 16.3 63.6 30.8 63.9 13.6 30.4 5.8 13.7 6.4 248.6 16.1 62.5 30.6 63.4 247.9 14.6 63.9 29.8 63.0 Area and industry division Sept. 1955 Aug. 195^ Sept. Portland - Continued Finance.............. Service l/........... Government........... 12.9 32.1 33.5 12.9 31.9 31.2 12.8 31.9 31.9 PENNSYLVANIA Allentovn-BethlehemEaston Manufacturing........ 99.8 98.9 93.1 Erie Manufacturing........ 40.0 39.2 37.6 137.9 .5 8.4 34.1 14.8 136.6 .5 7.9 34.0 14.8 22.9 22.5 133.1 .4 8.8 32.3 13.7 22.0 5.6 12.1 Harrisburg Total................ Mining............... Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government........... 5.8 12.3 39.2 5.8 12.0 39.1 Lancaster Manufacturing........ 46.7 46.5 42.9 Philadelphia Manufacturing........ 554.6 546.6 554.4 820.1 18.0 805.5 18.0 768.1 17.5 37.3 Pittsburgh Total............... Mining.............. Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............... Finance............. Service............. Government.......... 48.3 337.1 72.9 156.8 27.2 89.6 70.2 45.9 333.7 72.9 153.5 27.7 85.7 38.2 308.8 69.8 152.8 27.8 84.9 68.1 69.2 Reading Manufacturing....... . 51.2 51.4 48.5 Scranton Manufacturing....... . 30.7 30.7 30.3 Wilke s-Barre— Hazleton Manufacturing........ 38.7 39.0 37.3 York 2/ Manufacturing....... . 45.1 45.0 44.6 293.4 289.0 16.2 284.1 RHODE ISLAND Providence Total............... Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade............... 16.8 143.1 14.1 51.3 139.0 14.0 50.5 15.2 137.5 13.9 50.6 See footnotes at end of table. 19 Area Emptoyment Tabte A-7: Emptoyees in nonagricu!tura! estab!ishments for seiected areas, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division (in thousands) Number of employees 1955 Segt; RHODE ISLAND - Continued Providence - Continued Finance................. Service l/.............. Government.............. 1 2 .2 26.9 29.0 SOUTH CAROLINA Charleston Total................... Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance................. Service l/.............. Government.............. 4.0 9.7 4.0 11.4 1.4 4.5 15.8 Greenville Manufacturing.......... 29.7 SOUTH DAKOTA Sioux Falls Manufacturing...... Trans, and pub. util Trade............... Finance............ Service l/......... Government......... TENNESSEE Chattanooga Total................ Mining............... Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government.......... . Knoxville Total................ Mining............... Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government.......... Memphis Total................ Mining............... Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. See footnotes at end of table. 20 50.6 5.5 Aug. 26.3 28.7 1.4 4.5 48.6 3.7 8.8 4.0 11.5 1.4 4.4 Nashville Total................. Contract construction l/ Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade................... Finance..... ........... Service................. Government.............. 15.8 14.9 29.7 28.7 12.5 27.6 29.2 50.6 4.1 9.7 4.0 1 1.2 5.5 2.0 8.2 1.3 3-1 1.9 8.0 1.4 3.0 1.9 93.9 94.1 .1 .1 18.0 4.2 9.5 8.3 116.4 1.9 8.2 46.1 7.2 25.5 2.6 11.5 13.7 4.5 44.0 5.4 17.8 4.2 9.8 8.4 117.4 1.9 8.8 46.8 7.1 25.1 2.6 11.4 13.7 172.8 172.8 12.5 12.2 44.9 15.0 .4 43.9 15.0 Sept. Area and industry division Memphis - Continued Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government........... 2. 0 4.6 43.9 5.4 *195?" .4 H.9 5.3 2.0 7.9 1.3 2.9 2.0 91.3 .1 4.6 41.9 5.4 17.4 3.9 9.4 8.7 120.6 1.8 15.7 43.3 7.3 24.2 2.5 1 1 .2 14.7 166.3 .3 9.9 42.0 14.8 UTAH Salt Lake City Total................ Mining............... Contract construction Manufacturing....... Trans, and pub. util. Trade................ Finance.............. Service.............. Government.......... VERMONT Burlington Total.................. Manufacturing......... Trans, and pub. util... Trade.................. Service................ Other nonmanufacturing. Springfield Total................. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Service............... Other nonmanufacturing VIRGINIA Norfolk-Portsmouth Total................. Mining................ Contract construction. Manufacturing........ Trans, and pub. util.. Trade................. Finance............... Service............... Government........... Number of employees Sect. ..i955 49.1 7.9 21.7 22.4 1954 Au*. 48.4 8.0 21.7 Sevt. 49.0 7.6 22.4 21.2 21.6 130.3 8.5 37.9 12.5 29.4 7.9 19.5 14.8 129.7 8.4 125.4 38.0 36.1 118.6 109.3 10.7 17.6 10.2 7.4 12.4 28.8 7.9 19.5 14.9 2.8 8.3 12.3 28.1 7.7 18.7 14.5 110.0 6.1 8.3 15.2 13.2 32.3 7.0 14.6 14.0 12.6 31.5 6.5 16.3 16.4 3.6 1.5 4.5 3.1 3.7 16.4 4.5 1.3 4.4 2.8 3-3 12.8 8.0 12.8 1 2 .1 13.3 32.5 7.2 14.9 15.0 3.6 1.5 4.5 3-0 3.7 .6 1.5 7.9 .6 16.9 13.6 14.5 7.4 .6 1.5 1.0 1.7 1.6 1.1 1.6 149.2 .2 12.4 147.6 .2 12.5 145.5 36.0 14.9 5.4 15.5 35.3 5.4 16.5 47.6 46.9 15.4 15 7 15.2 16.6 1.0 1.6 .2 11.9 14.8 36.3 5.0 15.9 46.5 A r c j Employment Tab!# A-7: Emptoyees in nonagricutturat estabtishments, for setected area*, by industry division - Continued Area and industry division VIRGINIA - Continued Richmond Total.................. Mining................. Contract construction... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. G o v ^ r i w r t t ....... T WASHINGTON Seattle Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service l/............. Government............. Spokane Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service l/............. Government............. Tacoma Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans. and pub. util.... Trade.................. Finance................ Service l/............. WEST VIRGINIA Charleston Total............................... Mining............................. Contract construction... l/ 2/ 3/ 5/ 5/ o/ (In thousands) Number of employfees Area and industry 1954 1955 division Sept. Aug. Sent. 152.9 .3 10.5 39.2 151.2 15.8 15.7 37.1 12.5 16.7 19-6 37.5 12.5 16.8 20.3 294.7 15.6 83.6 27-4 70.8 17.6 37.3 42.4 73-8 5-2 15.3 8.7 19.8 3.8 11.3 9.7 76.O 5-4 18.5 6.9 15-5 2.7 8.2 18.8 90.4 11.5 4.7 .3 10.5 38.8 148.0 .3 9.9 37.6 14.9 37.5 11.9 16.3 19.6 293.1 287.2 84.3 27.4 80.5 70.8 17.6 69.8 16.9 36.0 15.6 37.5 39.9 73.6 52 15.4 8.7 19.6 3.8 11.1 9.6 74.6 5.1 18.4 6.9 15.1 2.7 8.4 18.0 90.3 11.5 4.7 Charleston - Continued Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance................ 25.3 11.1 25.6 2.6 2^6 8.7 8.9 17.6 8.6 9.1 Wheeling-Steubenville Total.................. Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... 14.5 27.5 Number of employees 1954 1955 Sept. Sept. Aug. Service................ 116.4 5.5 4.7 56.7 10.0 20.3 2.8 9^9 6.7 11.0 17 5 116.0 5.5 5.0 56.4 10.0 20.0 2.8 9.8 6.6 24.8 10.4 17.3 2.7 8.7 9.1 109.9 5.5 3.8 53.4 9.1 19.0 2.8 9.7 6.8 42.0 71.1 4.6 14.4 8.1 19.6 3.8 11.4 9.2 72.8 4.2 18.9 6.5 14.8 2.6 8.1 17.7 88.2 11.1 4.4 WISCONSIN Milvaukee Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Racine Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance................ WYOMING Casper 2/ Contract construction... Manufacturing.......... Trans, and pub. util.... Finance................ Service................ 24.0 186.2 28.6 81.5 19.2 2.1 23.2 1.6 6.7 .8 3.2 .1.1 1.8 1.8 3.8 .6 1.9 23.7 187.8 28.6 81.2 20.0 178.0 28.3 81.7 18.7 2.2 22.9 2.2 22.0 1.6 19.5 1.7 6.5 .8 3.2 1.1 1.8 6.8 .8 3.1 1.5 1.8 1.7 3.8 1.9 3.9 1-9 1.9 .5 .5 Includes mining. Revised series; not strictly comparable with previously published data. Not available. Includes mining and government. Includes mining and finance. Subarea of Nev York-Northeastern Nev Jersey. 21 Tab)# A-8: Women emptoyeos in manufacturing industries April 1955 July 1955 July 1954 Number (in t housands) Percent o f total 4,204.5 26 4,223.5 26 4,057.4 26 DURABLE GOODS...................... WOWDURABLE GOODS.................... 1 ,655.8 2,548.7 17 37 1,680.4 2,543.1 18 37 1 ,581.8 2,475.6 18 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSOR!ES................ 26.3 20 28.6 21 33.9 23 FOOD AND KtNDRED PRODUCTS.............. 389.2 24 337.5 23 384.9 24 22 23 69.3 24.4 22 21 72.0 27.6 21 21 11 17.7 57.8 3.0 39.9 industry .......................... M e a t p r o d u c t s ................................. D a i r y p r o d u c t s ................................ G r a i n - m i l l p r o d u c t s .......................... S u g a r ........................................... C o n f e c t i o n e r y an d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ...... B e v e r a g e s . . .......................... .......... M i s c e l l a n e o u s food p r o d u c t s ............... 74.9 29.1 108.9 18.4 60.1 3.1 41 15 36.0 22.2 36.5 10 26 49.8 57 51 Number ( in t h o u sands ) 66.3 21.0 38.1 Percent o f total Number (in t h o u sands ) 39 15 104.7 54 3.2 37.8 21 11 18.5 61.2 Percent o f t o tal employment 37 23 39 15 21 11 52 11 28 22.3 37.6 27 51.7 59 51.8 57 44 13.7 43 3.0 3-3 45 79 42 33 14.1 3.2 4.2 43 41 3.3 4.6 43 34 TEXT!LE-M!LL PRODUCTS.......... ........ 451.0 43 464.0 43 449.2 43 S c o u r i n g and c o m b i n g p l a n t s ............... Y a r n and t h r e a d m i l l s ....................... 1.0 58.1 178.0 17.0 15 46 39 1.0 60.2 15 46 39 56 67 .9 56.3 141.9 23 41 11.3 3.2 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES................... 14.7 28.8 N a r r o w f a b r i c s a n d s m a l l w a r e s ............. K n i t t i n g m i l l s ................................ D y e i n g and f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s ............. Carpets, rugs, o t h e r f l o o r c o v e r i n g s . . . . H a t s (e x c e p t c l o t h and m i l l i n e r y ) ........ M i s c e l l a n e o u s t e x t i l e g o o d s ............... APPAREL AND OTHER F!N!SHED TEXHLE PRODUCTS.............................. M e n ' s and bo y s ' s u i t s an d c o a t s .......... Men ' s and boys' f u r n i s h i n g s a nd w o r k c l o t h i n g ...................................... 144.7 17.9 11.3 4.6 18.2 24 39 29 889.2 77 67.2 260.1 264.1 97-5 12.7 6o.4 M i s c e l l a n e o u s a p p a r e l and a c c e s s o r i e s . . . O t h e r f a b r i c a t e d t e x t i l e p r o d u c t s ........ g 21 2.8 42.7 81.7 30.2 185.5 17.8 145.2 19.3 11.7 5.0 80 22 181.1 16.5 19.0 80 12 46 40 56 67 22 17.0 23 39 29 78 855.3 77 72.3 62 70.7 61 262.8 283.0 80 84 230.3 266.4 90.0 11.8 61.5 18.3 28 928.2 61 84 78 87 69 103.3 14.6 65 1.7 47.2 85.3 85 25 75 30.2 10 58.0 74 87 23 77 66 3.1 43.7 77.8 84 80 87 68 86 25 75 64 Women in inductr\ Tab!# A-8: Women emptoyee* in manufacturing industries - Continued July 1935 Number ( in t h o u sands ) Industry LUMBER AWD WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURWtTURE)........................... P e r cent o f total employment Number (in t h o u - 46.3 6 2.1 2 3 14.4 10.1 10.2 7 19 18 FURW!TURE AWD FtXTURES................ 59.9 H o u s e h o l d f u r n i t u r e ......................... Off i c e , p u b l i c - b u i l d i n g , a n d p r o f e s - L o g g i n g c a m p s an d c o n t r a c t o r s ............. S a w m i l l s an d p l a n i n g m i l l s ................ Millwork, plywood, and pr e fa b r ic a t ed s t r u c t u r a l w o o d p r o d u c t s .................. W o o d e n c o n t a i n e r s ............................ M i s c e l l a n e o u s w o o d p r o d u c t s ............... Partitions, shelving, locke r s , and July 1954 April 1955 47.8 o f to t a l employment Number (in t h o u sa n d s ) o f tot a l employment 7 43.8 7 4 2 1.2 12.8 4 10.0 10.1 11.3 7 19 19 9.4 9-9 10.5 19 20 17 61.8 18 58.3 18 41.7 17 43.2 17 40.1 17 5.3 13 5.3 13 5.2 13 14.1 9.8 2.0 2 8 3.4 10 3.8 11 3.5 11 Sc r e e n s , b l i n d s , an d m i s c e l l a n e o u s f u r n i t u r e an d f i x t u r e s .................... 9.5 35 9.5 37 9.5 36 PAPER AWD ALL!ED PROOUCTS.............. 123.1 23 120.7 23 118.6 23 11 28 40 30.0 41.0 49.7 11 28 40 28.4 41.0 O t h e r p a p e r an d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .......... 30.9 41.7 50.5 49.2 11 29 40 PR!WT!WQ, PUBL!SH!W6, AWD ALL!ED !WDUSTR!ES........................... 218.8 27 217.8 27 214.2 27 %.5 25.3 53.7 25.7 21.8 54.0 17.1 10.9 18 42 45 26 29 53.3 24.4 22.0 18 40 46 11.9 18.6 18 42 45 25 29 63 43 51.6 16.9 25 29 15.7 CHEM!CALS AWD ALL!ED PRODUCTS.......... I n d u s t r i a l i n o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s ........... I n d u s t r i a l o r g a n i c c h e m i c a l s .............. D r u g s an d m e d i c i n e s ......................... Soap, c l e a n i n g and p o l i s h i n g p r e p a r a - Pulp, pap e r , an d p a p e r b o a r d m i l l s ........ 21.9 C o m m e r c i a l p r i n t i n g .......................... 53.9 17.0 18.3 62 43 12.6 18.6 66 43 24 16.3 24 14.8 23 146.9 18 145.8 18 142.4 18 9.6 44.8 36.9 9 14 40 9.5 45.3 36.9 9 15 40 9.0 42.8 36.5 9 14 40 V e g e t a b l e and a n i m a l o i l s and f a t s ...... M i s c e l l a n e o u s c h e m i c a l s .................... 11.0 10.6 .4 2.2 3.1 28.3 22 15 6 8 8 30 11.1 10.4 .4 2.4 3.0 26.8 22 15 5 5 8 11.4 10.4 .4 2.0 3.0 29 26.9 15 6 7 8 30 PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AWD COAL......... 16.8 7 16.0 6 16.0 6 13.7 3.1 7 6 13.0 3.0 7 6 13.0 3.0 6 6 B o o k b i n d i n g and r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ...... M i s c e l l a n e o u s p u b l i s h i n g an d p r i n t i n g Pai n t s , Coke, pigments, a n d f i l l e r s ............. other p e t ro l e um and coal products. 23 2 1 Tabte A -8: Women emptoyees in manufacturing industries - Continued July 1955 Number (in t h o u sands ) Industry RUBBER PRODUCTS........................ 69.8 T i r e s a nd i n n e r t u b e s R u b b e r f o o t w e a r .............................. O t h e r r u b b e r p r o d u c t s ....................... 18.5 13.3 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS............ July 1954 April 1955 Percent of total Number (in t h o u s ands ) Percent of total employment Number (in t h o u sands ) Percent o f t otal employment 26 69.9 26 59.2 27 16 16 38.0 18.9 13.0 38.0 14.8 49 30 49 30 12.2 32.2 17 48 30 194.1 51 191.5 51 184.0 50 5.4 5.5 1.7 7.0 137.9 5 5 1.5 8.1 21.7 9.6 13 35 42 56 46 69 56 18.5 9.6 13 34 41 55 47 10.9 13 36 42 56 47 67 57 67 88.3 16 88.1 16 8o.4 16 F l a t g l a s s ..................................... G l a s s and g l a s s w a r e , p r e s s e d or blo w n . . . Gl a s s p r o d u c t s m a d e o f p u r c h a s e d glass.. Cement, h y d r a u l i c ............................ 2.0 29.6 33 6 2.0 28.7 32 6 1.9 27.9 7 32 P o t t e r y an d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s .............. C o n c r e t e , g ypsum, an d p l a s t e r p r o d u c t s . . C u t - s t o n e a nd s t o n e p r o d u c t s .............. 16.9 7.4 .8 7 33 6 4 "prod^ts"""" 20.5 L e a t h e r : tanned, cur r i e d , and finish e d . . I n d u s t r i a l l e a t h e r b e l t i n g and p a c k i n g . . B o o t and shoe cut s t o c k and f i n d i n g s . ... F o o t w e a r (e x c e p t r u b b e r ) ................... L u g g a g e ......................................... H a n d b a g s and s m a l l l e a t h e r g o o d s ......... G l o v e s and m i s c e l l a n e o u s l e a t h e r goods.. STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS........ 1.8 6.9 139.8 8.9 20.4 4.4 1.1 27 2 4.9 1.1 28 6.5 134.6 7.8 4.0 1.2 57 27 18.4 6.8 .7 3 7 34 6 4 5.8 15.7 5-8 -7 33 5 4 22 19.7 22 17.4 21 75-2 6 74.4 6 67.7 6 24.2 9.8 4 4 23.O 4 4 22.9 4 5 1.9 3 2.0 3 1.9 3 1.0 9 1.0 8 1.0 8 9 14 10.0 12.7 9 15 9.3 9 14 M i s c e l l a n e o u s p r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s tries.. 10.4 11.9 16.0 FABRtCATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDHAHCE, MACHtWERY, AMD TRAMSPORTAHOM EQUtPMEMT)............................ 199.9 15.3 4i.6 mineral PRtMARY METAL <NDUSTR)ES............... m i l l s .......................................... P r i m a r y s m e l t i n g and r e f i n i n g of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ........................... S e c o n d a r y s m e l t i n g and r e f i n i n g of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ........................... " n ^ e r r o u s ^ l s ^ ^ T i n can s and o t h e r t i n w a r e ................ Cu t l e r y , h a n d tools, a n d h a r d w a r e ....... H e a t i n g a p p a r a t u s ( e x c e p t e l e c t r i c ) and p l u m b e r s ' s u p p l i e s ......................... Fabricated structural metal products.... M e t a l s t a m p i n g , c o a t i n g , and e n g r a v i n g . . L i g h t i n g f i x t u r e s ............................ M i s c e l l a n e o u s f a b r i c a t e d m e t a l prod u c t s . 5.6 15.6 21.0 46.6 13.6 14.8 31.4 11 5.8 10.1 9.4 9.8 3 8 15.6 11 13.4 10 19 204.6 19 188.0 19 24 29 14.3 43.7 25 16.2 38.3 26 28 12 16.5 20.7 15.3 13 7 7 22 30 24 23 48.0 14.8 15.6 31.1 29 ig 8 22 31 24 23 20.4 43.9 12.7 13.0 28.2 22 31 23 23 Women in Industry Tab!# A-S: Wom#n #mp!oy##! in manufacturing indu:tri#! - Continued July 1955 Industry MACHiMERY (EXCEPT ELECTR!CAL).......... Number (in thou sands) Percent of total employment 14 213.8 11.1 14 9 9 11.6 15 9 9 14.5 10.3 11.1 11 Miscellaneous machinery parts......... 19.7 32.4 28.9 26.3 45.6 14 27 15 ELECTR!CAL MACHtMERY.................. Electrical equipment for vehicles..... Number (in thou sands ) 222.3 12 Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus. Percent of total 14 31.2 General industrial machinery........... Office and store machines and devices... Service-industry and household machines. Number (in thou sands ) July 1954 221.1 14.8 Metalworking machinery................ Special-industry machinery (except metalworking machinery).............. April 1955 15.3 10.6 30.9 12 10.7 Percent of total employment 14 14 31.1 10 8 12 19.9 30.5 13 18 20.0 30.9 28.7 28.7 45.6 27 16 18 28.2 26.2 42.4 28 16 18 423.4 38 426.4 39 397.1 38 105.9 29 33 109.9 20.8 30 32 102.7 19.6 21.6 5.2 20 27.0 18.1 228.7 16.9 35 70 46 36 222.1 5.4 28.8 11 14 21 4.9 21.9 11 29 32 22 227.5 16.1 37 70 46 35 17.1 215.3 15.6 33 70 46 34 12 233.6 12 216.6 13 94.9 II6.5 4.4 10 16 101.3 122.1 76.6 130.0 4.7 1.6 8 16 4.3 4.6 1.3 11 16 8 15 4.0 1.4 14 111.6 36 110.0 35 107.6 35 12.7 25 12.6 25 12.7 25 29.7 29.6 35 32 44 44 26.0 19.7 17.3 35 32 44 43 29 52 17.7 M!SCELLAMEOUS MAMUFACTURtMQ !MDUSTR!ES... 181.7 4o Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware.... 19.3 40 Communication equipment............... TRAMSPORTAHOM EQUtPMEMT............... Ship and boat building and repairing.... Railroad equipment................... Other transportation equipment........ tMSTRUMEMTS AMD RELATED PRODUCTS....... Laboratory, scientific, and engineering Mechanical measuring and controlling Optical instruments and lenses........ Surgical,medical, and dental instruments 4.2 17.7 10.3 Pens, pencils, other office supplies.... Costume jewelry, buttons, notions..... Other manufacturing industries........ 4.1 41.2 15.0 33.5 24.5 44.1 4 23 47 51 54 33 32 17.9 4 4.6 10 17 4 8 28 52 19.8 17.8 32 33 43 44 30 54 182.8 4o 174.6 4o 20.9 4.0 36.7 15.0 41 20.3 4.1 16.7 10.4 18.9 34.0 25.5 46.7 23 44 51 55 34 33 4.3 17.1 9-9 3.7 36.7 14.7 31.4 22.7 45.1 41 23 45 52 52 34 .33 MONTHLY LABOR TURNOVER RATES MAMUFACTUMMG MDUSTMES !939-!955 R a te P e r 100 R a te P e r 100 Wmp!oye*y 10 r TOTAL ACCESSKMS 10 <955 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Labor Turnover Tabte B-lt Monthty tabor turnover rates in manufacturing, by ctass of turnover (Per 100 employees May June July Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. 4.6 3.2 3.6 5.2 4.4 4.4 4.0 3.0 3.6 4.6 3-9 4.4 2.8 3.6 4.0 2.9 3.5 4.5 3.7 4.3 2.4 3.5 Total 4.1 3.5 4.4 4.5 3.9 4.1 2.7 3.8 accession 4.7 5.7 4.4 3-5 4.8 4.7 4.2 4.9 4.4 4.9 4.1 5.1 3.5 2.9 3.4 4.3 Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 4.5 5.9 4.3 3-3 4.5 5.1 4.1 5.7 4.3 5.6 4.0 3.4 4.3 4.5 3.7 5.2 4.4 5.2 3.3 3.6 3.9 3.3 4.0 3.9 4.0 2.7 3.3 2.7 3-2 3.0 3-0 3.3 Aug. 5.0 4.4 2.5 4.4 3.5 4.4 4.4 4.4 3-9 3.0 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 4.1 4.0 3.8 4.3 3.5 4.2 3-0 4.3 3.2 3.6 3.5 3.4 4.0 3-0 4.6 4.3 3.5 4.4 4.1 4.3 3-5 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 2.8 1.5 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.1 1.2 2.2 1.2 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.5 1.0 1.7 .9 1.7 1.4 1.7 l.l .9 2.8 1.5 1.9 2.4 2.3 2.3 1.1 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 0.4 .2 .4 .3 .4 .4 .2 .3 0.4 .2 .4 .4 .4 .4 .2 0.4 .2 .3 .3 .4 .3 .2 0.3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 0.4 .2 .3 .3 .3 .4 .2 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1.0 1.8 .7 1.3 .7 1.5 1.7 l.l 1.2 2.3 .8 1.4 .7 1.8 1.6 1.4 2.5 1.1 1.7 .7 2.3 1.6 2.2 2.0 1.3 1.5 1.0 2.5 1.7 1.3 2.4 l.l 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.9 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 0.1 .1 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .2 o.i .1 .4 .4 .3 .3 .2 0.1 .1 .3 .4 .3 .3 .1 0.1 .1 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 o.l .1 .2 .5 .3 .3 .2 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953. 1954, 1955, 3.3 3.9 2.9 3.2 4.5 3.9 4.2 2.5 3.2 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952 1953, 1954, 1955, 4.3 4.6 3.1 4.1 4.0 3.8 4.3 2.9 4.7 4.1 3.0 3.8 3.9 3.6 3-5 2.5 4.5 4.8 2.9 4.1 3-7 4.1 3.7 3.0 4.7 4.8 2.8 4.6 4.1 4.3 3.8 3.1 Total 4.3 5.2 3.1 4.8 3.9 4.4 3.3 3.2 separation 4.4 4.5 3.8 4.3 3.0 2.9 4.4 4.3 5.0 3.9 4.2 4.3 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.4 5.1 4.0 4.2 5.3 4.6 4.8 3.5 4.0 5.4 4.2 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.2 3.9 4.4 4.5 4.1 4.3 4.7 4.2 4.5 3-3 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 2.6 1.7 l.l 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.1 1.0 2.5 1.4 1.0 2.1 1.9 2.2 1.0 1.0 2.8 1.6 1.2 2.5 2.0 2.5 1.0 1.3 3.0 1.7 1.3 2.7 2.2 2.7 1.1 1.5 2.8 1.6 1.6 2.8 2.2 2.7 1.0 1-5 Quit 2.9 1.5 1.7 2.5 2.2 2.6 l.l 1.5 2.9 1.4 1.8 2.4 2.2 2.5 1.1 l 6 3.4 1.8 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.9 1.4 2.2 3.9 2.1 3.4 3.1 3.5 3.1 1.8 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 0.4 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 0.4 .3 .2 .3 .3 .4 .2 .2 0.4 .3 .2 .3 .3 .4 .2 .2 0.4 .2 .2 .4 .3 .4 .2 .3 0.3 .2 .3 .4 .3 .4 .2 .3 Dischai'se 0.4 0.4 .2 .2 .3 .3 .4 .3 .3 .3 .4 .4 .2 .2 .3 .3 0.4 .3 .4 .4 .3 .4 .2 .3 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952, 1953 1954 1955 1.2 2.5 1.7 1.0 1.4 .9 2.8 1.5 1.7 2.3 1.7 .8 1.3 .8 2.2 1.1 1.2 2.8 1.4 .8 1.1 .8 2.3 1.3 1.2 2.8 1.2 1.0 1.3 .9 2.4 1.2 l.l 3.3 l.l 1.2 l.l 1.0 1.9 l.l Layofj * 1.0 l.l 2.1 2.5 .6 .9 1.0 1.3 1.1 2.2 1.1 .9 1.6 1.7 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.8 .6 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.7 1.3 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 0.1 .1 .1 .7 .4 .4 .3 .3 0.1 .1 .1 .6 .4 .4 .2 .2 0.1 .1 .1 .5 .3 .3 .2 .2 Miscellaneoiis. inc]Luding ioilitari 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 2.8 6.6 Annual aver Year age 2.1 2.7 EL T a b le B -2 : Monthty ta b o r tu rnov er rate! !n setetted indu$trie$ (Per 100 employees) industry Total accession rate Sept. Aug. S e p a r a t i o n rate Total Quit Sept. Aug. Sept. Aug. Discharge Layoff Misc., incl. military Sept. Aug. Sept. Aug. Sept. Aug. 1955 1955 4.5 4.4 1955 4.0 1955 1955 1955 2.7 2.2 0.3 1955 0.3 DURABLE 300DS*/ ............................... 4.6 KOWBMRABLE &OODS........................... 3.7 4.8 4.0 4.5 4.2 4.1 3.7 2.7 2.7 2.1 2.3 .3 .3 ORDMAMCE AMD ACCESSOR)ES............... 2.4 3.7 4.2 3.6 1.6 1.7 FOOD AMD !()MDRED PRODUCTS.............. 4.7 3.3 4.1 3-0 4.5 5.3 2.9 3.7 5.3 5.0 4.8 4.1 4.8 5.2 3.9 3.8 2.5 1.9 2.7 3.0 2.0 2.9 6.9 5.2 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES................... 3-3 1.3 5.4 2.0 3.6 3.0 4.4 1.6 3.4 2.9 4.0 2.7 TEXT)LE-MtLL PRODUCTS.................. 3.8 4.1 3.8 3.6 4.8 4.0 3.1 3-9 4.0 D y e i n g a nd f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s ........... 2.8 C a r p e t s , rugs, o t h e r f l o o r c o v e r i n g s . . . 3.5 4.4 5.3 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.9 3.1 5.0 4.9 3.6 4.0 4.8 3.0 5.1 1.1 lp?3 1.3 l?55 0.2 l?55 0.2 .3 .3 1.2 1.0 1.5 i.o .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 2.3 1.4 .1 .2 2.0 1.5 1.9 2.5 .3 .3 .2 .4 .3 .3 .3 .4 2.3 2.7 1.6 .5 2.3 3.1 1.4 .8 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 1.7 1.1 .1 .2 4.9 3.7 .2 .2 3.4 2.5 4.5 2.0 2.7 2.0 3.4 2.1 2.3 1.7 2.9 1.6 .3 .2 .5 .2 .4 .4 .3 .2 .3 .6 .1 .1 .7 .2 1.2 .1 .1 .1 (1/) .3 .1 .2 (1/) .1 4.2 5.7 4.1 3.8 6.0 4.2 3.3 3.7 3.9 3.5 2.6 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.1 5.5 4.2 3.4 4.6 3.3 3.1 3-8 2.6 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.2 2.6 1.9 1.3 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.3 2.6 2.2 2.4 2.9 1.5 1.3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .3 3 .1 .3 .3 .3 .4 .2 3 .2 .3 .1 .2 .3 l.l 2.3 .9 .6 2.7 l.l .5 l.l 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.0 .7 2.7 1.0 1.0 1.4 .3 1.2 2.0 .2 .2 .3 .2 .3 .1 .1 .2 (1/) .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 .1 .5 .1 .2 .3 5.7 3.6 4.6 3.5 4.6 3.7 3.8 2.2 3.8 2.5 .3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .8 .4 .8 .1 .2 .1 .2 6.0 4.8 4.8 4.2 4.1 .3 .3 .2 .2 .1 .1 6.1 9.8 5.4 6.0 6.9 (2/) 14.4 5l4 5.1 4.7 (2/) 4.0 4.0 6.2 3-7 .4 (2^) .4 .4 .4 .7 (2/) .8 2.3 7.7 .8 .2 (2/) .2 .2 .2 .2 3.7 4.6 4.2 4.9 2.9 3.1 .3 .4 .7 1.3 .2 .1 FURN!TURE AND F)XTURES................. 5-5 5.3 4.7 6.7 7.2 5.3 4.9 5.0 4.7 4.3 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.6 3.3 3.0 3.2 2.7 .6 .7 .3 .6 .7 .4 .6 .5 .9 .5 .4 .6 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 PAPER AND ALL!ED PRODUCTS.............. 3.4 Pulp, p a p e r , an d p a p e r b o a r d m i l l s ...... 1.9 5.7 3-5 2.3 4.7 4.2 3-5 5.1 3.3 2.2 4.2 3.0 2.5 3.9 2.2 1.4 3.1 .3 .2 .5 .4 .2 .5 .7 .7 .5 .5 .3 .4 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 CHEMtCALS AMD A L U ED PRODUCTS.......... 2.3 2.2 1.6 1.7 2.2 P a i n t s , p i g m e n t s , a n d f i l l e r s ........... ,1.8 2.2 2.2 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.4 2.8 2.4 2.2 2.0 2.3 B.2 1.9 2.1 1.3 1.1 1.6 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.6 l.l 1.9 2.4 1.3 1.4 .8 .5 1.3 1.6 .2 .1 .1 (1/) .1 .3 .2 .2 .1 (1/) .1 .1 .4 .2 .4 .6 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .4 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .3 .1 .1 .1 .1 w ? ......................... 4.3 Beverages: APPAREL AND OTHER F!N!SHED TEXT!LE PRODUCTS............................. M e n ' s a n d b o y s ' s u i t s a n d c o a t s ......... Men's and boys' f ur n i sh i n gs and work LUMBER AMD WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURMiTURE)............................ 5-S (R/) S a w m i l l s an d p l a n i n g m i l l s ............... 4.8 Millwork, plywood, and prefabricated s t r u c t u r a l w o o d p r o d u c t s ................. 26 2.7 t ,ih o r f ut n o w f Tabte B -2! M onthty !a b o r turnover rates in se te cte d industries-Continued (Per 100 employees) *. accession rate PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AMD COAL.......... Total Qiiit Separation rate Discharge Layoff Sept. Aug. Sept. Aug. Sept. Aug. Sept. 1953 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1953 1.1 l.l 2.5 1.3 1.8 0.9 0.2 .6 (1/) .3 .5 2.0 .9 1.4 Misc., incl. military Aug. Sept. Aug. Sept. Aug. 1935 1955 1955 1955 1955 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 .2 .1 .2 .3 (l/) RUBBER PRODUCTS..... .............. ...... 4.1 2.2 6.8 3.2 3.6 1.9 4.4 3.0 3.1 2.3 3.6 3.7 2.9 1.8 3.1 3.9 2.3 1.8 3.1 2.5 1.9 1.2 2.2 2.4 .2 .1 3 .3 .3 .1 .1 .4 .4 .2 .1 .6 .6 .2 .6 .9 .2 .1 .2 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 LEATHER AWD LEATHER PRODUCTS............ 3-8 2.8 3.9 4.5 3.8 4.6 4.8 2.9 5.1 4.6 3.7 4.8 3.5 1.5 3.8 3.2 1.6 3.4 .3 .3 .2 .3 .2 3 .8 .8 .8 1.0 1.5 .9 .2 .3 .2 .2 .3 .2 STOWE, CLAY, AMD GLASS PRODUCTS......... Pottery and related products.......... 3.2 4.0 2.4 3.7 3.3 4.2 6.0 2.1 3.7 4.2 3.8 4.4 3.5 4.1 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.0 3.6 2.8 2.3 1.6 2.7 2.4 2.3 1.7 1.5 1.5 2.2 1.9 .3 .5 .3 .4 .2 .2 .2 .3 .4 .2 1.0 .7 2.0 1.2 .2 (i/) 1.0 .7 .6 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 PRtMARY METAL !WDUSTR!ES................ 3.1 3.3 3.2 2.8 2.1 1.6 .3 .3 .5 .6 .2 .2 2.1 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.0 2.5 5.8 4.7 5.6 7.3 2.7 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.0 2.1 3.9 4.1 4.0 3.6 2.0 2.6 2.6 3-0 2.5 1.4 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.0 .2 .6 .5 .5 .8 .2 .6 .5 .8 .7 .4 .7 .9 .2 .6 3 .6 .7 .4 .7 .2 .2 .1 .3 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .3 3.7 3.8 4.5 4.3 3.7 2.8 .4 .6 .2 .7 .2 .1 3.0 5.0 1.5 5.5 1.8 4.0 2.7 5.0 1.3 2.4 .9 2.3 .2 .5 .2 .7 .1 .7 1.5 1.6 .2 .4 .2 .4 3.7 3.4 3.3 2.6 1.9 1.5 .4 .3 .7 .6 .3 .2 4.9 4.5 4.5 3.0 5.1 5.5 4.2 4.1 3.6 4.6 5.3 4.2 2.7 3.2 4.9 4.7 3.7 2.4 2.5 4.9 2.9 3.0 2.2 2.4 3.4 2.2 2.3 1.7 1.7 2.9 .4 .4 .2 .3 .5 .5 .4 .3 .2 .5 1.7 .6 .2 .5 .7 1.7 .8 3 .4 1.3 .2 .2 .1 .1 .3 .3 .2 .1 .2 .2 4.9 4.1 5.8 4.3 5.0 3.9 4.9 4.6 3.1 2.9 2.6 2.5 .5 .8 .7 .8 l.l .2 1.3 l.l .2 .1 .3 .2 5.3 4.3 6.3 6.7 5.1 6.5 5.6 5.3 6.4 5.1 3.8 5.0 3.3 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.1 2.0 .4 .4 .5 .7 .5 .4 1.6 2.0 3.0 1.4 l.l 2.2 .3 .2 .3 .4 .2 .4 Leather: tanned, curried, and finished.. Footwear (except rubber).............. Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills............................... Steel foundries....... .............. Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals: Primary smelting and refining of copper, Rolling, drawing, and alloying of nonferrous metals: Rolling, drawing, and alloying of copper............................. Other primary metal industries: Iron and steel forgings.............. FABR!CATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDWAWCE, MACH!WERY, AWD TRAWSPORTAHOW EQU!PMEWT)............................. Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware..... Hand tools.......................... Hardware.............. .............. Heating apparatus (except electric) and plumbers' supplies................... Sanitary ware and plumbers* supplies... Oil burners, nonelectric heating and cooking apparatus, not elsewhere Fabricated structural metal products.... Metal stamping, coating, and engraving.. S e e footnotes at end of table. 29 Tabte B-2* M onthty ta b o r turnover rates in setected !n d u stries-C o n t!n u ed (Per 100 e m p l o y e e s ) Total S epara t i o n rate Total industry Quit Discharge Layoff Sept. Aug. Sept. Aug. Sept. Aug. Sept. Aug. Sept. ^Tlitaj'* Aug. Sept. Aug. 1955 1955 1955 1955 195? 2 .8 2.1 3.4 3.0 1955 1955 1955 1955 195? 0.3 .6 (2/) .4 .3 .2 0.3 2.2 1.7 1 .8 1 .8 1955 1 .6 1 .6 1.7 1.9 1.3 1 .2 1.9 4.9 2.1 1.4 2 .3 1.4 1 .6 .3 .4 .3 .4 3.3 4.3 3.1 3.6 3.3 3.3 3 5 2 3 5.7 2.9 2.5 2.9 1.9 4.4 2.5 2.1 .3 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 2 .1 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.3 1 .6 1.4 .2 .2 .2 .7 .7 .2 3.0 .5 6.2 5.2 4.4 3-3 3.2 2 .1 .4 3 4.1 (2/) 3.1 6.1 3.5 (2/) 2.5 3.3 2 .5 (2/) 1.5 2.4 (2/) .3 7.9 7.1 5.6 3.7 4.2 2 .6 .6 (2/) 3.4 (2/) 2.0 (2/) 1 .6 (2/) l a n e o u s p r o d u c t s .............................. 7.6 6.0 5.2 4.6 3.1 2.4 .4 .4 TRAMSPORTAHOM EQUtPMEMT.i/............... 5.5 6.3 3.3 3.2 3.9 3.1 4.5 1 2 .7 5.2 5.8 4.9 7-4 5.5 6.5 3.0 5.0 5.3 3.6 3.6 3.1 4.7 4.5 5.7 2.3 1.8 A u t o m o b i l e s . ................................. A i r c r a f t and p a rts. .......................... . A i rc r a f t ........................................ A i r c r a f t e n g i n e s and p a r t s . . . . ........... A i r c r a f t p r o p e l l e r s an d p a r t s . ............ O t h e r a i r c r a f t p a r t s and e q u i p m e n t ...... S h i p and b o a t b u i l d i n g an d r e p a i r i n g ..... R a i l r o a d e q u i p m e n t . ............................ L o c o m o t i v e s and p a r t s .... ............ . R a i l r o a d and s t r e e t c a r s . ............ O t h e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ............. .3 .4 .1 .3 .3 .2 tMSTRUMEMTS AMD RELATED PRODUCTS......... 3.8 MACHtMERY (EXCEPT ELECTRtCAL)............ 3.6 2.7 2.2 3.5 3.5 3-7 3.6 2.9 2.8 3.5 4.2 (2/) 3.6 3.1 2 .6 2.6 3.8 2.7 3.3 O f f i c e an d s t o r e m a c h i n e s an d d e v i c e s . . . . S e r v i c e - i n d u s t r y and h o u s e h o l d m a c h i n e s . . M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a c h i n e r y p a r t s .............. 2.9 3-3 3-6 4.1 4.0 ELECTR!CAL MACHtMERY...................... E n g i n e s and t u r b i n e s .......................... A g r i c u l t u r a l m a c h i n e r y an d t r a c t o r s ...... C o n s t r u c t i o n and m i n i n g m a c h i n e r y ......... Metalworking machinery (except machine M a c h i n e - t o o l a c c e s s o r i e s ................... S p e c i a l - i n d u s t r y mach i n e r y (except metal- Electrical generating, transmission, d istribution and i n d u s t r i a l a p p a r a t u s . . Ra d i o s , phonographs, Telephone, telegraph, 3.5 5.3 (2/) t e l e v i s i o n sets, an d r e l a t e d 2.8 3.0 2.9 4.5 12.5 7-0 5.4 7.8 8.9 2.6 (2/) 2.6 2.6 3.3 6.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.8 3.9 10.6 15.8 5.3 2.2 7.1 4.7 5.4 2 .0 7.1 5.1 3',9 2.2 1.6 2.1 2.6 2.7 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.3 .1 4.2 3.1 1.3 .6 1 .6 3.9 .2 .1 .3 .6 .4 .1 .5 .5 l.l 2 .5 2 .6 1.0 .7 1.1 1.8 0.8 .2 .6 .2 (2/) .4 .3 .2 .2 .4 .8 .4 2 .2 .1 (2/) 0.2 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 1.2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .4 .2 .1 .2 .1 .5 .2 .6 .4 .2 .7 .7 .2 .2 .3 3 .5 (2/) .5 .3 .2 (2/) .2 .3 .3 .7 .5 .1 .3 .1 (2/) (l/) (2/) .2 1.7 1.6 .1 .2 2 .1 2 .5 .7 .2 .4 .6 .1 3.4 1.5 7.2 3.3 .7 4.8 [l/) 3.3 4.4 .5 .4 .5 1.3 1.5 11.9 3.1 .5 4.4 .4 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .6 .7 .6 (1/) .1 .1 .2 .6 .5 1.2 .5 .2 ^2/) ;R/) .2 .2 .1 -3 1.2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .4 .6 .3 .1 .4 .7 .6 .8 [2/) 3.0 2 .1 1.5 3.1 2.2 2.4 (2/) (2/) 2.4 1 .2 .7 1.4 1.3 .3 (2/) (2 /) .3 .2 .2 .9 ;2/) [2/) .7 MtSCELLAMEOUS MAMUFACTURtNQ tMDUSTRtES.... 4.5 J e w e l r y , s i l v e r w a r e , a n d p l a t e d w a r e ..... 4.3 6.3 3-9 5.3 4.0 5.0 2.4 3.1 3.3 3.1 1 .8 .4 .2 .5 .3 1 .5 .5 .1 .4 2.3 .7 (2/) (2/) 3.6 30 0.2 .2 .2 .3 .3 2.6 1.3 5.1 2.5 Photographic a p p a r a t u s . .................. W a t c h e s an d c l o c k s ............................ P r o f e s s i o n a l and s c i e n ti f i c instruments.. 0.7 1.5 .4 1955 .2 .1 .3 .1 .2 .2 .8 .8 .7 .1 .2 Labor Turnover T ab ie B -2 : M onthty tab or turnover rates in seiected industries-C ontinued (Per 100 e m p l o y e e s ) Total accession rate Sept. 1955 Total Aug. Sept. 1955 1955 Quit Aug. Sept. Aug. Sept. 1955 1955 1955 1955 I r o n m i n i n g ............ C o p p e r m i n i n g ......... Le a d and zinc mining. 4.8 2.3 6.7 2.5 4.6 4.5 1.4 (2/) 7.1 6.0 3.2 2.6 AMTHRACtTE M!M!M6..... 1.7 1.7 (2/) B!TUM!M0US-C0AL M!N!MG. 1.7 1.3 METAL M!W!MG......... C0MMUM!CAT!0H: T e l e p h o n e . ............... T e l e g r a p h . 3 / ............ .7 Aug. 1955 Layoff Misc., incl. military Sept Aug. 1955 1955 Sept. Aug. 1955 1955 0.4 0.2 .5 (2/) .8 .3 0.2 .1 .1 .2 (2/) .8 (2/) .2 .8 .4 .1 .1 0.4 3.7 .7 (2/) 5.4 .5 2.8 .1 0.3 .1 .1 .8 (2/) (l/) .6 .1 (1/) .1 .5 o.i (2/) .2 .2 .4 .2 (2/) .1 .1 (2/) (2/) 1.7 (2/) 1.8 ( 2/) 1.4 (2/) .2 (2/) .2 .1 (2/) Data relate to domestic employees except messengers and those 2.3 2 .0 2.1 l/ Leas than 0.05. 2/ Not available. compensated entirely on a commission basis. */ July 1955 rates for Total separations and Layoffs, respectively, revised as follows: Total manufacturing 3.4, and 1.3; Durable 3-5, and 1.5; Transportation equipment 5 .5, and 3.5; Automobiles 7.2, and 5-1.* Tabte B-3: Monthty iabor turnover rates of men and women in setected manufacturing industry groups July 1953 Industry group M e n (rate p e r 1 0 0 men) Total Separation Quit accession Total W o m e n (rate p e r 1 0 0 w o m e n ) Total Separation Total Quit accession .................................. 3.3 3.1 1.4 4.0 4.0 2.3 DURABLE GOODS................................... 3.3 3-4 1.4 3-7 4.1 2.0 2.8 2.5 4.5 3.2 1.3 3.1 3-4 2.5 3.7 3.9 2.5 3.2 3.8 3-3 4.0 2.1 1.6 2.2 2.0 L u m b e r and wood products (except furniture)... F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s .............................. S t o n e , clay, a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s .................. P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ........................... F a b r i c a t e d m e t al pr o d u c t s (except ordnance, m a c h i n e r y , a n d t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ) ..... M a c h i n e r y ( e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l h ................... 4.8 4.7 2.9 T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ........................... I n s t r u m e n t s a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ................. M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s ......... 3.9 1.8 2.4 5.6 3.4 2.9 1.6 1.3 .7 1.6 MOMDURABLE GOODS................................ 3.1 2.6 4.6 3-5 1.9 3.6 3.6 2.0 1.1 .8 2.1 3.5 T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ................................ T e x t i l e - m i l l p r o d u c t s ............................... A p p a r e l and ot h e r f i n is h e d te xtile produc ts . . . P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s .......................... C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ..................... P r o d u c t s o f p e t r o l e u m a n d c o a l .................... R u b b e r p r o d u c t s ....................................... L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ...................... 2.8 3.9 2.4 2.6 2.9 3.3 4.4 2.4 1.7 1.0 2.5 4.1 2.6 2.1 4.2 2.1 2.1 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.0 1.1 1.5 2.1 2.3 6.0 5.1 3.5 3.6 5.9 2.7 5.0 1.2 4.2 4.0 2.6 1.4 6.5 3.8 5.0 2.5 3.7 4.4 3.8 2.7 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.1 3.3 2.4 1.7 1.8 2.0 3.8 3.0 1.1 1.9 1.8 l.i .6 .4 1.2 1.9 3.7 3.0 4.1 3.3 3.5 3-9 4.7 3.1 3.2 3.6 5.0 _^/'These f i g u r e s ar e b a s e d o n a s l i g h t l y s m a l l e r samp l e t h a n t h o s e in t a b l e s B - l a nd B-2, d o n o t r e p o r t s e p a r a t e d a t a for w o m e n . 2.8 4.2 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.6 2.9 i n a s m u c h as s o m e fi r m s 31 Hour:- ,m-.1 [jrmtigs Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees industry METAL M)N)N8.......................... Average weekly earnings Average^eekly " " e a r n i n g ^ Sept. 1335 Aug. _ 1955 Sept. 1954 Sept. 1955 Aug. 1955 $96.28 99.12 $94.73 $83.62 87.54 74.03 42.6 41.3 44.9 41.2 42.1 41.3 41.2 40.2 $2.26 36.4 2.40 42.7 2.27 39-8 2.05 Sept. 1955 Aug. 1955 Sept. 1954 $2.25 2.37 2.27 2.02 $2.08 2.22 2.05 1.86 101.92 84.46 97.88 98.06 83.22 ANTHRACtTE............................ 72.61 85.76 56.88 28.7 33-5 23.6 2.53 2.56 2.4i B]TUM)N0tJS-C0AL....................... 96.99 94.50 81.17 36.6 37-5 32.6 2.65 2.52 2.49 96.29 92.63 93-02 40.8 4 o .l 4o.8 2.36 2.31 2.28 WONMETALDC M)N)N6 AND QUARRYtNG....... '85.75 84.73 79.57 46.1 45.8 44.7 1.86 1.85 1.78 2.62 2.60 2.55 2.39 2.33 L e a d an d z i n c m i n i n g ....................... 80.81 Sept. 1954 43.2 CRUDE-PETROLEUM AMD NATURAL-SAS PRODUCT)ON: c w s r M c r / M ................... 101.13 98.02 93.84 38.6 37.7 36.8 COMSTHUCHOW................ 102.29 102.36 102.09 99-01 96.75 92.97 42.8 44.7 41.6 39.9 101.15 88.75 COMSTRUCTKH).................... 100.61 94.23 H0WBUH.CIW6 Other nonbuiiding BU)t.C)W6 c o n s t r u c t i o n .......... GENERAL CONTRACTORS.................... SPECtAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS.............. 105.18 P l u m b i n g an d h e a t i n g ....................... P a i n t i n g and d e c o r a t i n g ................... E l e c t r i c a l w o r k ............. ........ . O t h e r s p e c i a l - t r a d e c o n t r a c t o r s ......... ........................... 109.80 96.33 4 i. o 43.0 40.3 40.9 39-0 2.29 2.49 2.38 2.25 2.51 2.47 97-99 94.32 37-4 36.7 36.0 2.69 2.67 2.62 92.23 89.00 37.1 36.6 35.6 2.54 2.52 2.50 102.03 98.10 102.92 37-7 36.7 38.2 36.2 2.71 107.34 96.72 38.8 35-3 39.8 35-8 37-7 34.8 37.7 35.5 118.60 97.73 110.08 94.08 35-8 39-9 37-2 77.71 76.33 71.86 40.9 4o .6 84.25 4 i.i 99.17 121.30 101.18 92.57 2.79 2.78 2.77 3.04 2.74 2.83 2.81 2.17 2.73 2.72 2.98 2.73 2.66 2.92 2.65 39.7 1.90 1.88 1.81 NONDURABLE GOODS......................... 69.14 82.61 67.83 65.24 77.39 41.5 40.2 39.9 4o.i 39-3 2.03 1.72 2.01 1.70 1.93 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSOR!ES.... .......... 85.70 82.42 80.60 41.2 4 o .4 4 o .i 2.08 2.04 2.01 73.33 71.10 83.62 68.48 77.87 81.i4 41.9 42.9 4i.i 41.6 4i.6 41.5 41.2 4i.4 41.5 1.75 2.04 1.73 1.65 1.89 1.96 1.85 1.63 1.61 1.69 1.38 FOOD AND K!NDRED PRODUCTS.............. Meat packing, w h o l e s a l e .................. D a i r y p r o d u c t s ............................... C o n d e n s e d and e v a p o r a t e d m i l k . ........ 87.52 92.23 84.08 74.46 76.53 78.66 C a n n i n g and p r e s e r v i n g ..................... S e a iood, c a n n e d and c u r e d .............. C a n n e d f r u i t s , v e g e t a b l e s , an d soups.. F l o u r and o t h e r g r a i n - m i l l p r o d u c t s . . . B r e a d an d o t h e r b a k e r y p r o d u c t s ........ 32 59-13 46.09 61.54 80.10 87.14 77-11 71.45 73-04 65.21 86.94 83.23 72.98 74.33 76.65 56.45 49.92 58.25 77.53 84.o4 74.29 70.35 72.45 61.23 76.78 71.07 74.54 72.84 %.30 46.66 58.38 77.46 84.64 73.92 68.88 70.62 62.40 43.3 42.9 43.8 46.1 43.7 40.5 33.4 41.3 45.0 46.6 45.9 41.3 41.5 40.5 42.9 43.7 45.6 43.8 39.2 32.0 39.9 44.3 44.7 45.3 40.9 41.4 39.0 43.6 46.3 43.1 4o.8 30.7 42.0 45.3 46.0 46.2 4 i.o 41.3 4o.o 2.13 1.96 1.70 1.66 1.80 1.46 1.38 1.49 1.78 1.87 1.68 1.73 1.76 1.61 2.01 2.09 1.94 1.67 1.63 1.75 1.44 1.56 1.46 1.75 1.88 1.64 1.72 1.75 1.57 1.66 1.52 1.39 1.71 1.84 1.60 1.68 1.71 1.56 Hours 3nd E^rmngs Tabte C -l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued industry ^larningl"" Aug. Sept. 1954 1955 1955 Sept. ^ a r n i n g s ^ Sept. 1955 Aug. 1955 Sept. Sept. 1954 1955 Aug. 1955 1954 $1.89 $1.86 $1.77 Sept. FOOD AMD KtMORED PRODUCTS - Continued S u g a r ............................................. C a n e s u g a r r e f i n i n g .......................... B e e t s u g a r ..................................... C o n f e c t i o n e r y a nd r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s ........ $82.03 $72.75 77-00 73.31 58.98 56.82 84.66 86.63 85.28 57-08 54.94 79-17 99-45 101.34 91.10 B o t t l e d s o f t d r i n k s .......................... Ma l t l i q u o r s ................................... 66.19 ^liquors^' M i s c e l l a n e o u s fo o d p r o d u c t s ................. C o r n sirup, sugar, oil, and s t a r c h ...... M a n u f a c t u r e d i c e .............................. 81.77 70.31 TOBACCO MAMUFACTURES..................... T o b a c c o and s n u f f ............................. T o b a c c o s t e m m i n g and r e d r y i n g .............. TEXT!LE-WtLL PRODUCTS.................... Scouring and c o m b i n g p l a n t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yarn mills ............................... B r o a d - w o v e n f a b r i c m i l l s ..................... Cotton silk s y n t h e t i c f i b e r . ............ N a r r o w f a b r i c s and s m a l l w a r e s .............. K n i t t i n g m i l l s ................................. Full f a s h i o n e d h o s i e r y . . . .. ... S e a m l e s s h o s i e r y .............................. 87.23 67.50 50.63 67-14 78.54 69.04 88.91 53.47 56.31 54.81 57.51 54.53 63.84 57.08 50.94 53.66 53.00 54.17 44.49 54.85 50.00 65.88 65.45 75.47 71.93 59-50 67.72 75.06 43.6 40.7 42.5 1.55 2.48 1.54 4o.o 39.5 42.1 43.4 45.3 38.5 42.1 43.8 46.2 42.1 38.2 2.07 2.04 1.64 42.7 2.01 1.49 40.5 39.2 4o.6 37.2 37.7 4o.6 39.4 41.3 37-7 38.9 39-8 1.25 1.67 4o.2 41.5 39-6 39.9 39-3 38.6 i.4 o 1.55 4 o .i 43.73 55-63 38.21 38.6 52.50 40.5 55.48 63.50 49.90 50.27 50.70 54.13 52.65 66.91 60.61 46.75 46.49 49.02 51.08 49.54 39.0 37-7 43.9 42.5 39-5 39-6 40.2 4i.i 40.9 40.5 40.7 40.5 57.37 51.84 55.38 48.26 63.27 61.41 41.0 42.0 4o.2 40.5 41.9 38.6 41.58 38.3 36.5 36.3 36.6 37.7 39.0 37.5 38.9 55-04 50.95 55.13 54.6o 55.13 43.13 47.43 42.52 54.39 49.13 54.31 54.24 54.46 43.52 4 i.io 53.65 54.23 48.68 63.38 45.26 61.31 42.5 62.82 61.05 42.5 74.16 71.23 73.69 4o.o 1.67 1.20 1.47 .97 1.29 1.29 4o.3 47.0 1.38 1.53 1.26 1.26 1.29 1.15 1.25 1.38 1.22 1.52 37.2 36.7 38.6 40.7 44.3 .99 1.18 1.22 4i.6 4 o .i 1.29 1.67 1.18 1.47 36.8 41.7 43.1 41.7 2.03 1.46 1.33 1.37 1.34 1.42 1.33 1.52 1.42 1.33 1.47 1.46 1.48 37.1 4o.6 39.1 2.49 38.3 38.7 38.4 39.0 38.3 4o.4 39-7 37-5 37-2 36.9 37-3 1.17 i.4i 1.55 1.54 42.0 81.33 53.31 83.73 56.54 2.06 41.7 64.19 51.83 92.12 56.82 36.9 2.07 1.75 1.57 38.9 41.5 4i.6 ^othfr"coLerfabrics^"^° ^' """ 37.5 37-4 37-5 37-5 39-2 37-3 39-3 39-9 39-1 37.1 1.46 l.4i 41.4 39.8 36.4 4 o .i 62.54 70.14 50.75 39-6 45.7 1.96 1.80 1.46 i.4i 41.9 40.7 38.5 41.7 69.65 54.60 62.56 70.45 4o.4 40.5 2.02 1.81 42.4 4i.i 37-9 41.8 60.83 66.72 75.60 65.30 73.27 51.29 41.4 4o.2 4 o .i 4o.6 43.90 55.42 64.96 and t w i n e ............. ............... 74.11 66.94 84.97 38.8 48.86 Lace g o o d s ..................................... P a d d i n g s and u p h o l s t e r y f i l l i n g .......... P r o c e s s e d w a s t e and r e c o v e r e d f i b e r s . . . . Cordage 93.60 40.3 40.9 42.7 50.57 40.19 56.70 61.63 41.5 44.2 35.6 39-0 66.27 42.58 65.88 50.96 51.08 71.28 4l.l 4i.4 43.4 45.1 4o.5 4o.4 67.45 67.80 43.88 - arpets , rugs, o t h e r f l o o r c o v e r i n g s ..... W o o l c a r p e t s , rugs, and c a r p e t y a r n ..... H a t s ( e x c e p t c l o t h and m i l l i n e r y ) ......... M i s c e l l a n e o u s t e x t i l e g o o d s ................. Fel t g o o d s ( e x c e p t w o v e n f e l t s and 64.o8 56.94 54.71 65.13 46.32 55-42 47.58 Kni t o u t e r w e a r ................................ K n i t u n d e r w e a r ................................ D y e i n g and f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s .............. D y e i n g and f i n i s h i n g t e x t i l e s [ e x c e p t $77.19 1.78 1.33 1.30 1.86 1.76 1.42 1.37 1.95 1.45 2.34 1.94 1.59 1.99 1.45 1.24 1.62 1.16 1.43 .96 1.36 1.55 1.26 1.26 1.28 1.32 1.29 1.42 1.42 1.28 1.51 1.39 1.26 1.52 1.37 1.31 1.46 1.47 1.32 1.47 1.47 1.21 1.14 1.51 1.77 1.75 1.46 1.46 1.13 1.17 1.12 1.39 1.22 1.51 1.50 1.78 1.75 1.62 1.58 1.60 1.50 1.56 39-8 37.9 38.9 4i.8 1.80 1.67 1.69 1.22 1.80 1.67 1.70 1.23 1.65 1.65 44.2 39.2 1.96 1.89 i.4i i.4i 1.77 1.24 1.84 1.36 3 3 . Hours j n d t j m m g s Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued A ^ ^ w ^ i y Industry Sept. 1955 APPAREL AND OTHER F!N!SHED TEX7 !LE PRODUCTS............................... M e n ' s and boys' s u i t s and c o a t s ........... M e n ' s and beys' f u r n i s h i n g s and w o r k clothing . . ...................... Shirts collars an d n i g h t w e a r ........... S e p a r a t e t r o u s e r s . ............................ W o r k s h i r t s .................................... W o m e n ' s o u t e r w e a r ............................. Women's dresses . ................. H o u s e h o l d a p p a r e l . . . ........................ Women's suits coats and s k i r t s . . . . . . . . W o m e n ' s , c h i l d r e n ' s u n d e r g a r m e n t s ........ U n d e r w e a r and n i g h t w e a r , e x c e p t corsets. C o r s e t s and a l l i e d g a r m e n t s ... . Mi 1 1 i n e r y Children's outerwear M i s c e l l a n e o u s a p p a r e l and a c c e s s o r i e s . ... LUMBER AMD WOOD PRODUCTS (EXCEPT FURMtTURE)............................. S a w m i l l s and p l a n i n g m i l l s .................. S a w m i l l s an d p l a n i n g m i lls, g e n e r a l ..... Mil l w o r k , plywood, Mi*!"twork $49.82 60.72 $48.82 42.83 43.47 43.15 38.50 52.59 54.41 40.29 63.04 45.38 43.01 49.45 60.99 45.63 46.62 52.26 42.22 41.92 43.27 38.29 54.21 54.00 39.35 69.34 44.16 41.92 48.41 60.70 46.62 41.84 42.44 43.44 33.44 52.17 52.86 39.96 63.60 Wooden boxes o t h e r t h a n c i g a r ........... M i s c e l l a n e o u s w o o d p r o d u c t s ................. FURNiTURE AMD FtXTURES.................. Wo o d h o u s e h o l d furniture, except Wo o d h o u s e h o l d f u r n i t u r e , u p h o l s t e r e d . . . M a t t r e s s e s and b e d s p r i n g s .................. Office, p u b l i c - b u i l d i n g , and p r o f e s s i o n a l f u r n 't ... ....................................... W o o d '^f^ice f u r n i t u r e ........... Partitions, shelving, 34 44.65 57.35 44.65 41.92 48.55 64.51 45.26 44.77 Sept. 1955 Aug. 1955 Sent. 1954 Sept. Aug. 1955 Sept. 1954 36.8 37.1 36.9 36.8 35.9 35.4 $1.35 1.66 $1.35 I .65 $1 .36 1.62 37.9 37-8 37-2 4o.i 34.6 35.1 36.3 32.0 37.2 37.4 36.9 38.6 36.8 37.9 39.0 37.7 37.1 37.3 40.3 35-9 36.0 36 .1 35.2 36.8 37.1 36.4 37.7 37.6 36.9 37.9 36.7 36.9 36.5 35.2 34.1 34.1 36.0 3 1.8 36.9 37.1 36.5 38.4 36.5 36.7 37.8 1.13 1.15 1.16 .96 1.52 1.55 1 .1 1 1.97 1.22 1.15 1.34 1.58 1.24 1.23 1.34 1.12 1.13 1.16 -95 1.51 *1.5 0 1.09 1.97 1.20 1.13 1.33 1.6 1 1.24 1.21 1.32 1.14 1 .1 5 1.19 1.5 3 1.55 1.11 2.00 1.21 1.13 1.33 1.68 1.24 1.22 1.29 39.1 39-8 39.4 37.6 38.6 39.1 38 .1 39.9 39.7 1.22 i.4o 1 .3 0 1.1 8 1.38 1.39 1.17 1.36 1.40 4o.6 35.5 4 1 .7 4 1 .7 43.5 39.0 1.74 2 .0 7 1.73 1.74 1.08 2.28 1.74 2.05 1.73 1.74 1.07 2.27 1.66 1.92 1.68 1.69 1.05 2.2 1 1955 .95 50.03 48.76 44.37 53.27 54.35 44.58 55.72 51.22 71.86 80.94 72 .31 72.73 48.06 88.24 72.21 81.59 72.83 73.25 46.44 92.62 67.40 68.16 70.06 70 .4 7 45.68 86.19 41.3 39.1 41.8 41.8 38.7 41.5 39.8 42.1 42.1 43.4 40.8 75.18 74.27 78.62 53.45 53.56 58.52 74.82 73.68 77.53 52.79 52.91 57.96 71.2 8 72.85 71 .8 1 50.82 50,43 56.17 42.0 42.2 43.2 40.8 41.2 41.5 41.8 42.1 42.6 40.3 4 0 .7 4l.4 41.2 42.6 4o.8 39.7 39.4 4 0.7 1.79 1.76 1.82 1 .3 1 1 .3 0 l.4l 1-79 1.75 1.82 1.31 1.30 1.40 1.73 1 .7 1 1.76 1.28 1.28 1.38 68.95 66.14 68.46 64.79 64.46 6 1 .71 42.3 42.4 42.0 41.8 40.8 4o .6 1.63 1.56 1.63 1.55 1.5 8 1.52 59.21 72.76 75.86 58.37 70.38 73.92 55.08 67.49 69.97 42.6 42.3 43.6 42.3 41.4 42.0 40.5 40.9 41.4 1.39 1 .72 1.74 1 .38 1 .7 0 1 .76 1.36 1.65 1.69 78.32 68.53 85.24 78.01 69.68 84.15 72.56 60.68 78.36 42.8 43.1 42.2 43.1 44.1 42.5 4 1 .7 4i.o 4o.6 1.83 1.59 2.02 1.8 1 1.58 1.98 1.74 1.48 1.93 83.83 85.04 77.39 4 1.5 42.1 4o.i 2.02 2.02 1.93 65.35 66.30 65.00 4l.l 4 1 .7 41.4 1.59 1.59 1.57 54.26 55.58 44.5 and p r e f a b r i c a t e d ............ . .. Sept. 1954 $49.68 61.59 47.70 C a n v a s p r o d u c t s ............................... Aug. 1955 *iy Avc loc k e r s , and Hours and Earnings Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued Average^weekly * H r n i n g s ^ industry PAPER AMD A L U ED PRODUCTS................ Pulp, paper, and p a p e r b o a r d m i l l s ......... O t h e r p a p e r a nd a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ............ PRtMUMG, PUBHSHtNG, AMD ALHED tNDUSTRtES.............................. Miscellaneous publishing an d p r i n t i n g CHEMtCALS AMD A L U ED PRODUCTS............ Plastics, Soap, e x c e p t s y n t h e t i c r u b b e r ........ c l e a n i n g and p o l i s h i n g S o a p and g l y c e r i n ............................ Pa i n t s , p i g m e n t s , a nd f i l l e r s .............. P a i n t s , v a r n i s h e s , l a c q u e r s , and Sept. 1955 $81.10 87.67 76.64 76.38 80.87 71.23 77.11 70.14 74.46 66.67 41.9 91.42 95.49 88.39 94.68 39-5 38.9 87.02 75.23 74.98 69.87 112.07 84.25 92.25 89.06 89.60 91.80 100.08 76.78 70.47 105.84 40.9 39-3 39-2 2.74 2.72 2.70 82.81 79-52 41.5 4 i.o 4o.3 4i.i 4o.8 1*0.2 1*0.8 41.2 41.2 1*0.7 39.7 1*0.9 42.2 42.0 4o.6 39.9 4i.i 2.03 2.25 2.21 2.01 2.21 2.20 2.13 1.93 2.17 2.15 90.17 88.44 86.90 87.36 99.96 74.21 74.56 88.32 85.36 85.07 85.24 94.92 75.52 78.60 72.34 84.82 83.42 91.74 77-93 82.54 84.12 73.15 75.74 62.47 72.82 66.10 82.06 97.58 99-79 70.14 62.40 67.74 62.38 78.43 71.73 60.i4 83.13 70.93 51.14 49.01 53.24 41.5 42.7 43.8 4i.i 44.4 1*0.5 42.0 4i.6 46.4 1*6.9 41.9 44.2 42.0 46.1 46.6 45.3 4i.i 39-2 43.3 43.2 41.7 1*0.8 46.1 4o.6 38.4 43.4 45.6 1*0.3 38.8 42.2 2.13 2.10 2.01 2.30 2.00 2.01 2.20 1.91 1.97 1-97 I .67 1.52 1.64 1.53 1.87 1.67 1.50 1.46 1.33 2.34 1.69 1.55 1.54 1.37 1.83 1.85 1.62 2.06 1.78 1.83 1.60 2.04 1.55 1.97 2.42 2.51 2.38 2.47 2.10 2.4l 2.02 2.10 2.45 2.09 2.44 1.72 1.97 2.25 I .69 1.88 38.3 39-7 1*0.0 36.2 38.6 1.4l 1.82 38.6 38.1 36.8 1.36 1.35 49.96 46.68 37.2 1*0.1 1*0.3 37.6 36.3 39-9 35.1 2.08 2.02 1.86 39-3 38.3 39.1 1*0.2 68.32 66.63 49.68 2.18 2.26 1.86 1.97 1.76 41.3 72.36 2.08 2.26 1.94 2.38 1.86 2.05 1.85 42.1 39-1 4 i.o 86.18 66.08 71.86 70.00 52.11 50.67 4i.6 41.2 42.7 4i.4 42.2 2.40 1.91 2.04 41.7 42.2 39.3 41.8 86.32 102.72 67.25 52.45 41.7 2.18 2.16 77-42 87.57 103-39 72.98 39-9 4o.o 1*0.3 2.27 2.32 41.2 4o.6 43.4 RUBBER PRODUCTS.......................... L e a t h e r : t a n n e d , cu r r i e d , a nd f i n i s h e d . . . I n d u s t r i a l l e a t h e r b e l t i n g and p a c k i n g . . . 4o.2 4i.i 1*0.9 2.4o 2.01 4 i.o 4o.4 42.8 89.88 LEATHER AMD LEATHER PRODUCTS............. 42.0 42.0 39-8 4o.3 39.4 1*0.9 2.71 41.4 92.88 75.85 42.5 41.7 36.0 40.9 43.0 o t h e r p e t r o l e u m and c o a l p r o d u c t s . . 67.60 78.58 36.6 40.7 40.7 40.7 95.58 97.85 87.67 Coke, 2.20 1.40 1.73 106.90 89.95 78.18 85.89 89.98 94.76 85.40 63.50 2.29 2.63 1.49 1.76 87.36 82.90 76.04 1.69 1.67 1.90 1.63 1.76 1.89 1.69 $1.77 1.88 38.1 88.82 70.99 63-84 1.70 1.77 1.96 39.0 82.00 65.10 2.37 1-93 Sept. 1954 53-34 67.47 90.23 93.79 54.81 83.84 76.07 96.88 38.6 1.76 Aug. 1955 $1.85 41.2 38.8 39.8 98.40 81.4i PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AMD COAL........... 100.19 102.66 c o s m e t i c s ..... $75.40 81.97 70.98 Sept. 1955 $1.86 1.97 1.77 2.35 2.66 2.4o 2.01 2.25 2.31 1.45 1.76 89.20 perfumes, 1954 Sept. 1955 43.6 44.5 43.3 43.4 41.9 35.9 4 i.o 1*0.5 4o.i 4o.6 37-0 39,7 74.30 61.44 88.54 E s s e n t i a l oils, Sept. Aug. Sept. 1955 1954 43.2 42.6 43.6 44.4 42.5 42.0 42.6 42.2 4o.8 39.2 40.9 41.5 93.62 99.19 97.68 81.81 92.39 95.58 57.81 70.05 74.70 F e r t i l i z e r s ..................................... V e g e t a b l e and a n i m a l o i l s a n d f a t s ........ V e g e t a b l e o i l s ............. ................... A n i m a l oil s and f a t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 1355 $79.92 2.16 1.72 1.76 1.85 1.39 1.8l 1.75 1.35 1.33 1.72 1.78 2.32 1.80 1.38 1-77 1.67 1.35 1.33 Hems and Li'timgs Tabte C-l: Hours r id gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued Avera^weekly Industry ' ' l a r n i n y Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. 1955 1955 1954 1955 L u g g a g e .......................................... H a n d b a g s and small l e a t h e r g o o d s .......... G l o v e s and m i s c e l l a n e o u s l e a t h e r goods... $ 62.09 $56.47 47-88 46.50 $ 59.36 39.8 STONE, CLAY, AND CLASS PRODUCTS..................... 78.77 113.67 75.60 76.02 75.17 67.14 82.54 71.55 70.79 112.83 77-93 72.85 100.44 75.17 77-16 72.04 71-53 71.41 71.96 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS - Continued Fl a t g l a s s ...................................... 11 ass and g l a s s w a r e , p r e s s e d or b l o w n . ... Glass containers ................... P r e s s e d arid b l o w n ^ 1 a s s . ..... . G l a s s p r o d u c t s m a d e of' p u r c h a s e d glass. . . Cement h y d r a u l ic ........................... S t r u c t u r a l ^ l a y p r o d u c t s .................... B r i c k and h o l l o w t i l e ....................... F l o o r and w a l l t i l e .......................... C*iay T'pffactor'es . .. .... ........ P o t t e r y and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s . ............. C o n c r e t e , g y p sum, and. p l a s t e r p r o d u c t s . .. C o n c r e t e p r o d u c t s . ........................... Cut s t o n e and s t o n e p r o d u c t s ............... 49.28 45.63 68.40 71.98 76.98 66.73 81.70 79.34 70.09 66.72 79.49 70.89 69.32 69.43 71-51 76.02 67.26 80.71 78.20 48.09 45.14 62.47 80.22 67.49 65.76 69.08 68.45 38.2 36.8 41.9 42.1 4o.o 39.8 40.2 Aug. 1955 Se p t . ^ e a r n i n g s ^ S ept. Aug. Sept. 1954 1955 1955 37-9 38.0 37.5 38.8 $ 1.56 1.29 1.24 $1.49 4 1.9 4 2 .1 40.2 40.4 39.8 41.7 41.9 4 1.7 41.6 43.7 4o.o 41.7 43.6 40.9 41.4 4o.6 4 i.i 39.1 36.7 40.7 40.5 39.3 38.6 40.2 41.1 42.0 40.9 42.7 4o.4 40.5 36.3 1.88 2.70 1.89 1.91 1.87 1.61 1.97 1.72 1.62 1.71 1.76 2.01 1.26 1.24 1.86 2.68 1.87 1.91 1.81 1.60 1.92 1.70 1.59 1.71 1.74 1.99 1-77 1.77 1954 $1.53 1.23 1.23 1-79 2.48 1.82 1.85 1.79 1.52 1.91 1.65 1.54 1.71 1.69 1.91 1.70 1.70 1.63 1.59 75-82 72.86 45.9 38.2 38.0 45.6 46.4 65.35 43.0 43.1 44.7 69.39 4 1.1 1.71 1.70 1.61 74.64 75-04 79-57 41.9 41.3 4 1.8 4 i .l 2.00 43.9 39.2 43.2 38.7 1.98 2.36 1.96 2.09 68.71 39.7 37.9 42.1 34.7 2.18 1.88 1.98 1.89 1.98 69.33 60.86 38.3 37.7 46.0 35.8 44.6 1.77 1.78 1.63 produc ts Abrasive products . ............ Asbestos products . ........................ N o n c l a y r e f r a c t o r i e s ........................ 83.80 88.38 86.92 81.93 85.90 85.10 92.51 84.37 PR!MARY METAL !NDUSTR!ES.................................... 97.63 91.94 82.39 41.9 40.5 38.5 2.33 2.27 2.14 103-75 96.96 84.90 41.5 39.9 37.4 2.50 2.43 2.27 97.36 84.90 82.82 41.5 4 i .l 42.3 39-9 41.2 41.5 37.4 4o.6 2.51 2 .44 B l a s t f u r n a c e s , steel w orks, and r o l l i n g m ills, e x c e p t e l e c t r o m e t a l l u r g i c a l ^Tf ' c t r o m e t a l l u r g i c a l p r o d u c t s ......... . Iron and st e ^ l f o u n d r i e s .................... G r a y ^r ^ n f o u n d r i e s ................... P r i m a r y s m e l t i n g and r e f i n i n g of copper lead and zinc S e c o n d a r y s m e l t i n g and r e f i n i n g of n o n f e r r o u s m e t a l s ............................ Helling, drawing and a l l o y i n g o f n o n f e ?'r o u s m e t a l s ............................ R o l l i n g , d r a w i n g , and a l l o y i n g of a-uminum N 'n f r r o u s f o u n d r i e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M i s c e l l a n e o u s p r i m a r y metal i n d u s t r i e s . . . ron and s teel f o r g i n g s . . . . . . ........... . Wi r e d r a w i n g .................. W e l d e d and h e a v y - r i v e t e d p i p e ............. 36 104.17 88.37 2.14 1.97 2.27 84.45 91.36 87.76 83.83 82.59 81.59 88.62 88.15 81.48 79-59 4 i.o 38.8 39-4 2.15 2.10 2.02 85.49 92.06 75-95 74.69 85.01 4 i.l 40.2 37.6 4 o .i 4 o .i 38.3 2.08 2.29 2.02 2.23 2.12 86.33 82.71 75-99 43.6 42.2 41.3 1.98 1.96 1.84 92.21 84.84 83.23 42.3 40.4 4 i.o 2.18 2.10 2.03 96.14 83.62 84.46 43.9 40.2 41.4 2.19 2.08 2.04 88.91 87.77 99.76 84.80 84.03 95-72 82.22 40.6 4 1.4 4o.o 4o.4 4 i .8 4 2 .0 42.3 39.7 40.5 79-80 84.53 2.19 39.7 39.5 2.12 2.12 2.08 2.29 2.03 2.01 87.14 85.85 104.37 98.31 93-34 89.42 100.38 94.75 89.33 74.11 73-51 74.11 75-62 4 i.6 42.1 86.08 85.65 83.16 42.5 43.0 42.6 43.5 41.3 38.8 2.15 2.13 2.02 2.04 4 l.o 4 2 .0 39.1 38.2 3 8 .c 2.06 2.02 2.03 2.17 2.11 1.94 1.99 41.5 38.6 40.4 39.6 2.32 2.45 2.26 2.26 1.99 1.99 2.39 2.24 2.25 1.91 1.88 1.95 2.14 2.23 2.12 2.10 Hours jnd Earnings Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued ^earnings"" Industry Sept. 1955 H a r d w a r e ........................................ "pluibers^suppli.l^"^ ^ S a n i t a r y w a r e and p l u m b e r s ' s u p p l i e s . . . . O i l b u r n e r s , n o n e l e c t r i c h e a t i n g and c o o k i n g a p p a r a t u s , not e l s e w h e r e F a b r i c a t e d s t r u c t u r a l m e t a l p r o d u c t s ..... S t r u c t u r a l steel and orn a m en t a l metal M et al doors, sash, f rames, molding, 2.06 1.93 2.01 ' 1.88 1.95 40.3 40.9 1.93 2.05 I .89 2.03 1.85 4 1.7 42.6 42.0 41.3 2.06 2 .04 1.92 40.9 40.9 40.5 2.05 2.02 2.07 2.05 1 .6 9 2.11 1.91 1 .8 9 1 .9 9 2.03 2.01 2.05 2.05 1 .67 2.12 1 .92 1.88 1 .9 7 1.97 1 .94 1.95 2.22 2.12 2.16 84.46 77-97 79.6o 75.20 76.44 4 i .4 4 i.o 4o.4 39.6 80.10 86.10 77.11 84.65 74.56 79.35 42.0 4o.8 87.76 85.68 79-30 83.85 83.03 79.79 79.15 79.17 79.73 70.72 81.56 81.60 81.56 66.90 83.43 87.15 77.87 85.17 8 2 .4 i 86.31 85.28 68.80 89.04 78.53 76.89 83-73 41.5 61.24 83.84 72.32 72.76 75-70 41.3 42.1 41.5 41.5 41.5 4 i .i 4 1 .2 4 2.8 42.6 3 8 .9 4 3 .4 43.1 80.78 82.47 89.40 82.75 85.05 87.70 80.79 83.44 73-30 77.52 75.26 88.62 93.66 86.94 81.81 42.0 88.51 85.84 98.77 91.25 92.00 93.74 Aug. 1955 43.8 4 i.o 42.1 4 i.6 4 1.2 4 2.0 Sept. 1954 4o.8 4o.6 4o.8 37-8 4 i .i 4o.4 40.2 40.9 40.9 42.5 40.7 4 3 .4 40.7 Sept. 1955 2.06 1.93 1.67 1.91 2.02 2.10 2.03 1 .9 1 1.66 1.85 1.91 1 .94 1.98 1.62 2.04 1.79 1.81 1.86 2.05 1.96 1.90 40.5 43.2 3 7 .4 4o.8 42.3 40.9 1.92 42.0 41.6 4o.6 40.3 40.3 2.11 2.23 2 .0 9 2.18 2.03 2.13 93.94 41.5 39-5 41.2 2.38 2.31 2.28 82.59 78.80 82.39 42.2 4 0.5 1*0.7 4 i.o 4 o .i 4 i.o 3 9 .9 3 9 .4 39-8 2.18 2.06 2.14 88.32 87.74 82.61 88.56 2.17 2.06 2.16 2.07 2.00 2.07 77.99 90.51 88.80 75-85 75.46 77.62 40.2 43.1 42.9 39-1 39.1 39.6 1 .9 4 2.10 1 .9 4 2 .07 1.93 90.09 91-35 88.39 77.42 78.01 4 2.9 43.5 43.3 4 2.8 42.7 43-5 43.7 44.1 39.7 39-4 4 i .8 4 i.6 2.10 2.10 2.26 2.19 2.06 2.27 2.18 1.98 2.20 2.10 4o.6 2.08 2.31 2.06 1.84 and w a t e r D i e s e l and o t h e r i n t e r n a l - c o m b u s t i o n e n g i n e s , no t e l s e w h e r e c l a s s i f i e d ...... A g r i c u l t u r a l m a c h i n e r y a n d t r a c t o r s ...... 83.43 A g r i c u l t u r a l m a c h i n e r y (except C o n s t r u c t i o n and m i n i n g m a c h i n e r y ......... C o n s t r u c t i o n and m i n i n g m a c h i n e r y , O i l - f i e l d m a c h i n e r y and t o o l s ............. M e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e r y ................... . M a c h i n e t o o l s ................................. M e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e r y (e x c e p t m a c h i n e M a c h i n e - t o o l a c c e s s a r i e s ................... S p e c i a l - i n d u s t r y m a c h i n e r y (except m e t a l w o r k i n g m a c h i n e r y ) .......................... F o o d - p r o d u c t s m a c h i n e r y .................... T e x t i l e m a c h i n e r y ............................ P a p e r - i n d u s t r i e s m a c h i n e r y ................. P r i n t i n g - t r a d e s m a c h i n e r y and e q u i p m e n t . 1.97 73.26 78.50 4 i .i 40.7 4o.3 41.6 41.5 4o.6 4o.3 39.6 4 i .i 94.57 turbines, 4o.o 39.2 40.5 78.50 Steam engines, $1.90 1.96 1.85 4 i .6 S t a m p e d and p r e s s e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ...... MACHtNERY (EXCEPT ELECTR!CAL)............ $1.99 41.7 42.3 4 l.l 41.6 41.4 4o.8 70.14 87.57 a n d r i v e t s ......... $2.00 2.05 1 .9 4 I .70 1.97 2.00 $76.95 81.34 75-11 85.08 nuts, w a s h e r s , Sept. 1954 $82.78 90.23 79-32 67.97 76.97 84.03 B o i l e r - s h o p p r o d u c t s ....................... S h e e t - m e t a l w o r k ............................ M e t a l s t a m p i n g , c o a t i n g , an d e n g r a v i n g . . . Bolts, Aug. 1955 Sept. 1Q55 a nd F a b r i c a t e d w i r e p r o d u c t s ..................... M i s cellaneous fabricated metal products.. M e t a l s h i p p i n g b a r r e l s , drum s , kegs, ^ ' e a r L n g s ^ Sept. 1954 FABRtCATED METAL PRODUCTS (EXCEPT ORDMAMCE, MACHtMERY, AMD TRAMSPORTAHOM EQUIPMENT). $83.4o T i n c a n s and o t h e r t i n w a r e .................. 86 . 7 s C u t l e r y , h a n d t ools, a n d h a r d w a r e ......... C u t l e r y an d e d g e t o o l s ...................... Aug. 19SS 93-73 89.61 99.20 96.14 87.36 94.82 101.15 93-95 84.45 102.93 98.18 82.17 78.98 80.18 97.86 84.38 87.34 73-93 90.45 92.60 84.66 73.16 89.80 90.45 91.96 68.64 83.27 87.72 2.07 43.1 43.6 4 2 .9 42.5 2.20 2.32 2.19 43.8 42.4 4 2.4 41.3 41.5 41.5 4 i.i 40.5 1 .9 9 1.98 1.78 4 1 .9 41.3 1.7 9 2.01 2.21 45.0 44.9 4o.7 39.0 42.7 4o.8 2.06 2.35 2.04 2.00 2.1 9 1.96 1.95 1.95 1.97 1.76 1-95 2.15 37 Hours and Eammgs Tabie C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory empioyees - Continued ^etrningl"" industry MACHtMERY (EXCEPT ELECTRtCAL) - Continued Pumps air and gas compressors......... Conveyors and conveying equipment...... Blowers, exhaust and ventilating far)s. Sept. 1955 Aug. 1955 $88.41 85.49 $85.70 82.19 86.48 84.20 43.0 42.3 41.3 39-8 40.4 39.4 40.3 39.8 40.8 4o.o 39.8 4o.8 39.8 41.7 2.13 43.2 41.7 39.9 39-6 2.10 38.6 4o.o 41.6 41.2 44.5 40.5 43.1 39.3 39.8 4 o .i 41.6 82.99 91.16 81.81 81.59 78.80 85.90 41.6 40.6 4o.4 40.6 39.9 42.8 82.51 78.81 82.19 73-42 79-20 40.2 81.06 88.18 78.21 78.80 80.20 75-66 79-38 84.45 90.09 77.95 84.42 74.47 75-48 Misce*] l a n e o u s m a c h i n e r y p a r t s . . F a b r i c a t e d pipe, f i t t ings, and v a l v e s . .. B a l l and r o l l e r b e a r i n g s . . ............... M a c h i n e s h o p s ' ( j o b and r e p a i r ) ........... 87.31 82.00 85.28 81.81 90.94 84.03 ELECTRtCAL MACH!NERY............................................ 76.17 75.92 72.98 40.3 78.59 71.96 80.18 70.09 78.76 68.85 80.10 79.73 i n s t r u m e n t s .......... ........... 71.23 t r a n s f o r m e r s ..... ^distribuLo^anyindust^ W i r i n g d e v i c e s and s u p . l i e s ............... recording P o w e r and d i s t r i b u t i o n ^controls^ Electrical weld-ng apparatus E l e c t r i c a l appliance*' I n s u l a t e d w i r e and c a b l e E l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t for v e h i c l e s ......... E l e c t r i c l a m p s ................................. ^nd° equ<pmenf^^' ^^^^ i o n sets, ^equipmenL ........ M i s c e l l a n e o u s e l e c t r i c a l p r o d u c t s ......... S t o r a g e b a t t e r i e s ............................ P r i m a r y b a t t e r i e s (dry and w e t ) .......... X - r a y an d n o n - r a d i o e l e c t r o n i c t u b e s ---- 38 Sept. 1955 41.6 41.3 40.6 42.1 82.01 80.00 85.97 86.53 Sept. 1954 42.1 41.5 42.0 42.4 42.4 85.08 82.39 90.90 ^ f u ^ e s ^ n d ° o v e L ^ . ! ! ' ^ I ^ ! ! ! ........ O f f i c e and s t o r e m a c h i n e s and d e v i c e s . . . . C o m p u t i n g m a c h i n e s and c a s h r e g i s t e r s . . . T y p e w r i t e r s ...... ............................. S e r v i c e — i n d u s t r y and h o u s e h o l d m a c h i n e s . . D o m e s t i c l a u n d r y e q u i p m e n t ................. ^ $ 60.80 85.90 88.83 90.30 84.80 88.19 92.02 ' " ^ M a c h i n e s ' 1954 Sept. Aug. 1955 . 1955 80.19 80.80 75.62 78.41 80.80 I n d u s t r i a l t rucks, t r a c t o r s , e t c . . ...... Me c ha n i ca l p o w e r - t r a n s m i s s i o n equipment. S e w i n g m a c h i n e s ............................... R e f r i g e r a t o r s and a i r - c o n d i t i o n i n g ^'earnings^ Sept. 42.6 41.9 39.9 40.4 $2.10 2.06 40.5 4o.o 2.15 39.8 2.00 39.4 2.08 40.2 2.14 2.08 2.08 Aug. 1955 Sept. 1954 $2.06 1.99 2.13 $2.00 I .98 2.00 2.05 2.10 2.06 2.02 1.90 1.99 2.01 2.07 2.25 I .89 2.03 2.05 2.01 2.00 2.16 I .85 I .98 2.06 1.91 I .89 2.06 2.00 2.10 2.05 2.05 2.23 1.92 2.08 1.84 1.99 38.6 40.5 2.07 2.04 2.13 2.04 2.02 2.11 2.02 1.98 2.00 1.96 1.96 40.6 4o.l I .89 1.87 1.82 39.1 40.2 40.7 39.6 40.6 39.8 2.01 1.79 1.97 1.77 1.94 1.73 74.8o 41.5 4i.i 4o.o 1.93 1.94 1.87 74.30 74.52 38.5 4o.6 40.5 I .85 1.83 1.84 84.71 86.92 84.85 82.81 85.08 39.4 42.4 4o.6 41.2 4i.i 2.15 2.05 2.09 2.01 2.07 1.88 70.13 93.93 78.72 76.76 35.6 44.1 39.7 4i.o 4o.4 45.2 40.5 1.92 42.5 2.12 1.90 2.06 1.81 2.06 1.70 1.76 1.92 1.67 84.05 94.79 78.21 78.63 82.82 95.82 78.57 74.75 76.14 87.55 76.43 73-39 74.50 42.8 42.5 40.5 39.6 41.7 38.8 41.3 41.3 39.6 4o.4 39.3 40.2 1.97 2.13 1.97 1.85 2.05 1.71 1.94 59.34 74.34 85.08 67.32 72.32 69.55 65.63 40.4 34.7 41.3 70.30 69.38 69.43 65.74 68.34 63.99 40.4 41.3 39.9 39.6 40.2 39.5 1.68 1.66 95.42 92.63 81.60 67.82 44.8 4l.o 43.7 39.1 41.4 43.9 40.3 42.1 39.5 40.2 40.8 39.2 39.0 39.1 39.8 2.13 1.86 2.08 1.56 2.06 76.26 90.90 61.00 85.28 73.75 86.31 61.62 80.80 75-66 58.26 78.41 1.80 1.74 1.93 1.79 1.73 1.74 1.70 1.62 2.11 1.83 2.05 1.56 2.01 2.00 1.73 1.94 1.49 1.97 Hours and Earnings Tabte C-l: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued Average weekly earnings industry Average^weekly '"earnings^ Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. 1955 TRAMSPORTATtON EQUtPMEMT................. $93-56 1955 1954 1955 $92.06 95.45 $86.4o 89.15 41.7 96.28 89.95 41.7 A u t o m o b i l e s ..................................... "a^cLIo^es"' ^ T r u c k and b u s b o d i e s ......................... T r a i l e r s ( t r u c k and a u t o m o b i l e ) .......... A i r c r a f t ........................................ A i r c r a f t e n g i n e s an d p a r t s ................. A i r c r a f t p r o p e l l e r s a n d p a r t s ............. O t h e r a i r c r a f t p a r t s an d e q u i p m e n t ...... S h i p a n d b o a t b u i l d i n g an d r e p a i r i n g ..... S h i p b u i l d i n g and r e p a i r i n g ................. B o a t b u i l d i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g ................. R a i l r o a d e q u i p m e n t ............................ L o c o m o t i v e s a nd p a r t s ....................... R a i l r o a d a n d s t r e e t c a r s ................... O t h e r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ............. tMSTRUMEMTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS......... instruments'"""""' "Instruments'*""'^ Optical ^ controlling i n s t r u m e n t s and l e n s e s ............. ^ments^' instru- 97.16 98.00 79-79 85.91 90.89 90A 7 89.76 97-01 93.26 84.93 88.31 69.03 94.48 100.42 90.46 '"Hdren's Other manufacturing i n d u s t r i e s ............. 89.19 86.37 95.67 90.91 84.63 83.35 83.67 87.47 66.50 93.25 98.47 89.44 85.68 85.89 86.10 78.83 80.09 71.06 78.02 78.81 41.5 41.5 4o.8 43.5 42.2 39-5 39.6 39.0 40.9 43.1 39.5 42.5 39.8 39^7 2.35 I .98 2.07 2.32 1.98 2.26 1.92 1.93 2.10 2.10 2.10 2.11 2.10 41.5 4i.o 41.3 4i.o 4 i.i 39-8 38.6 4o.8 40.9 2.19 2.18 39.4 4i.6 36.6 4o.o 2.20 2.23 2.21 2.15 2.23 1.77 2.31 2.33 2.29 1-93 42.9 41.7 39-1 39.4 38.0 40.9 43.0 4o.3 39-5 4i.o 37.9 37.6 39-7 36.8 37.0 2.02 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.23 2.18 2.14 2.22 1.75 2.28 2.29 2.27 1.92 2.13 1.79 2.12 2.13 2.11 1.86 2.08 79.52 77-55 73.82 41.2 4o.6 39.9 1.93 1.91 1.85 91.12 89.19 84.63 4i.8 4 i.i 4o.3 2.18 2.17 2.10 81.16 78.57 76.78 74.26 41.2 4o.4 40.5 39.5 4o.6 1-97 1.92 1.94 1.91 1.88 76.73 69.53 67.13 59.65 40.2 1.71 1.70 1.54 2.09 1.74 1.67 1.51 2.00 I .67 1.65 1.6l 77-57 70.28 65.25 68.30 ^ 74.50 88.98 1954 $2.16 2.24 79.87 MtSCELLAMEOUS MAMUFACTURtMG tMDUSTRtES.... S p o r t i n g a nd a t h l e t i c g o o d s ................ 83.43 40.3 41.5 1955 $2.24 2.30 82.03 87.56 "vehicles^' 76.22 1955 $2.26 2.33 Sept. 77.23 74.4o P h o t o g r a p h i c a p p a r a t u s ....................... W a t c h e s an d c l o c k s ............................. Jewelry silverware a n d p l a t e d w a r e . .... Jewelry and f i n d i n g s . ................... S i l v e r w a r e an d p l a t e d w a r e ..... . M u s i c a l i n s t r u m e n t s an d p a r t s .............. T o y s an d s p o r t i n g g o o d s ...................... 81.18 41.4 Aug. Sept. 1955 1954 4 i.l 4o.o 41.5 39*8 Sept. Aug. 70.88 74.30 69.07 85.22 62.22 85.48 68.90 66.50 70.89 66.56 61.85 79.84 73.16 60.o4 62.47 61.00 61.29 61.00 60.52 61.56 58.56 77.98 73.74 71.05 59.4o 71-75 70.30 80.60 65.97 64.4o 4 i.i 41.3 41.3 4o.5 40.9 43.2 42.9 70.05 66.99 76.68 43.7 58.50 39-9 58.26 58.98 60.45 56.50 69.36 66.23 4o.3 39.1 39-8 4o.4 74.98 41.7 41.9 4o.6 4o.2 40.9 4o.4 40.9 39-6 4o.3 41.7 4i.6 4i.8 40.2 39.5 39.5 4o.3 39.5 2.12 1-75 4o.o 42.2 42.4 1.67 1.72 1.6l 1.95 I .87 1.55 41.9 4l.2 39-0 39.6 39.3 39.1 39.3 4i.o 4o.4 38.7 4o.8 39-9 40.5 1.58 38.8 40.3 1-55 1.% 1.54 1-51 1.76 1-75 1.70 1.60 1.91 1.82 1-52 1.50 1.54 1.52 1.49 1.75 1.74 1.89 1.66 1.58 1.83 1.82 1.50 1.49 1.52 1.50 1.46 1.70 1.66 -33 ^ .Mid Llf tittles Tab!e C-T: Hours and gross earnings of production workers or nonsupervisory emptoyees - Continued Avera^weekly Industry Average hourly earnings '"earnings"" Aug. .1 9 5 5 Sept. Sept. 1954 1955 ^ ,(1/ ) 43.3 43.7 71.60 58.90 40.2 38.4 40.2 38.4 4o.o 38.0 1.81 1.81 1.57 1.55 1.79 1.55 105.77 77-93 44.6 42.4 45.1 42.4 45.2 41.9 2.31 79.71 1.88 2.33 1.88 2.34 1.86 87.78 89.45 80.80 85.49 87.57 80.36 41.5 41.5 4 i .i 4 i.6 41.8 4o.4 41.7 41.9 2.12 89.64 83.84 2.16 2.05 4i.o 2.04 2.11 2.14 2.00 2.09 1.96 89.24 90.31 86.73 41.7 42.2 41.9 2.14 2.14 2.07 78.74 77-95 74.74 4o.8 4o.6 4o.4 1.93 1.92 1.85 59.82 42.00 60.19 57.09 40.83 39-1 35-0 39-6 35-7 39.1 35-2 1.53 1.20 1.52 1.19 1.46 42.48 48.24 63.14 47.88 46.93 61.53 36.0 36.0 36.1 1.34 1.65 1.84 1.33 1.59 35.7 38.7 44.2 35.5 1.33 1.63 46.77 74.70 M .51 39-1 46.68 38.5 44.0 35-1 1.31 l .3 l 67.39 71.94 67.46 63-99 67.98 43.6 4 i.6 41.9 43.6 42.1 43.3 1.62 1.61 1.52 1.57 58.50 58.67 57.71 96.75 - - 41.6 Aug. 19SS Sept. Sept. 1954 1955 (1/) $81.03 (1 /) $81. 4o $80.32 78.14 72.76 72.76 59.52 103.03 79.71 105.08 87.98 Aug. 1955 Sept. 1954 MD /V/FA/C 4/r/A/f/fS.TRAMSP0RTAT!0M: C l a s s 1 r a i l r o a d s ........................ L o c a l r a i l w a y s a n d bu s l i n e s .............. COMMUHtCATtOK: T e l e p h o n e . .................................... Switchboard operating e m p l o y e e s ^ / . . . L i n e c o n s t r u c t i o n , i n s t a l l a t i o n , and maintenance employees . ...... ................................. Telegraph OTHER PUBUC UT!L!T!ES: Gsts and e l e c t r i c u t i l i t i e s . E l e c t r i c li ^ h t and p o w e r u t i l i t i e s . . . G a s ut i 1 it i e s ................................ W M A f M A f /1M R f M / A 60.29 4 i.4 $1.94 1.83 $1.88 TVMPf.- WHOLESALE TRADE.................................................. RETAtL TRADE (EXCEPT FATtMG AMD DRtMtUMG PLACES)................................................................ G e n e r a l m e r c h a n d i s e s t o r e s ................. D e p a r t m e n t s t o r e s and g e n e r a l m a i l o r d e r h o u s e s ................................ F o o d and l i q u o r s t o r e s ...................... A u t o m o t i v e and a c c e s s o r i e s d e a l e r s ...... A p p a r e l an d a c c e s s o r i e s s t o r e s ............ O t h e r r e t a i l trade! F u r n i t u r e and a p p l i a n c e s t o r e s .......... L u m b e r an d h a r d w a r e s u p p l y s t o r e s ...... f / M W f , /AMMMAfCf, / M P fSMff.B a n k s and t r u s t c o m p a n i e s .................. S e c u r i t y d e a l e r s and e x c h a n g e s ........... I n s u r a n c e c a r r i e r s ........................... L a u n d r i e s ..................................... Motion pictures: " b u i i o n ' ^ r . ^ ^ 80.96 63.73 81.03 71.50 95.58 74.51 97.16 74.22 70.68 - 40.69 40.77 4o.64 4 i .i 40.70 4o.4o 45.82 40.50 47.24 94.94 92.93 89.81 48.36 43.8 4o.3 4o.3 4o.o 38.5 - - 1.65 1.85 1.64 1.16 1.30 1.69 - - - 41.9 .99 .98 .97 4o.i 39.7 1.01 1.20 1.01 1.01 1.19 1.19 - - * - - - 1 / Not a va ilab le. 2 / Data rela te to employees in euch occupations in the telephone industry as switchboard operators; service a s s is ta n ts : operating room instructors: and pay-station attendants. During 1954 such employees made up 43 percent o f the to ta l number of nonsupervisory employees in telephone establishments reporting hours and earnings data. 3 / Data rela te to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as central o ffic e craftsmen; in s ta l la tio n and exchange repair craftsmen; lin e , cable, and conduit craftsmen; and laborers. During 1954 such employees made up 25 percent of the to ta l number of nonsupervisory employees in telephone establishments reporting hours and earnings data. 4 / Data rela te to domestic employees except messengers and those compensated entirely on a commission b asis. 5 / Money payments only; additional value of board, room, uniforms, and tip s, not included. 4o Adjusted Ertmmgs Tabte C-2: Gross average weekty earnings of production workers in setected industries, in current and 1947-49 dottars Year Bituminous-coal Laundries mining Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 M anufacturing Annual average: 193 9 194 0 194 1 194 2 194 3 194 4 1943.... 194 6 194 7 1943.... 1949.... 193 0 193 1 1933.... 193 3 193 4 34.92 39.33 64.71 67.97 71.69 71.86 33.93 37.71 38.30 39.89 62.67 62.60 1949.... 1930.... 1931.... 1932.... 1933.... 1934.... Laundries 63.28 70.33 77.79 78.09 83.31 80.83 62.16 68.43 70.08 68.80 74.37 70.43 34.98 33.47 37.81 38.63 39.69 40.10 7511 74.96 34.36 76.30 34.30 June.... 76.11 34.06 34.04 July___ 76.36 34.69 76.33 34.93 Sept.... 77.71 $6 1 . 7 9 62.65 63. 0 7 64. 2 0 64.85 64.72 65.39 65.71 65.64 6 6 .81 66.53 66.57 66.66 67.63 $ 82.09 81.17 87.54 88.29 92.01 92.01 94.50 91.88 93.00 93.87 98.28 9550 94.50 96.99 $7 1 . 3 8 70.77 76.45 77-04 $ 39.40 80.50 40.70 80.50 82.68 80.38 40.40 40. 2 0 4o. 6 o 81.44 82.20 85.91 83.26 82.53 84.41 40.50 40.50 40.40 40.70 41.62 4o. 8 o 4i.oi 40. 4 0 40.70 $34 . 2 6 35. 3 1 35- 3 7 35.25 35. 6 1 35-35 35-17 35.52 35.64 36. 4 4 35-66 35.75 35.28 35-42 Average weekty earnings, gross and net spendabte, of production workers in manufacturing, in current and 1947-49 dottars Gross average weekly earnings Index Amount (1947-49 = 100) 1946.... 1947.... 1948.... Manufacturing Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 $23.86 $40.17 $23.88 $40.20 $17.64 $29.70 1954 23.20 42.07 24.71 41.23 17.93 29.93 Sept.... $ 71.06 29.38 47.03 30.86 49.06 18.69 29.71 Oct.... 71.86 72.22 36.63 32.38 33.02 30.24 20.34 29.18 73.57 43.14 38.30 41.62 36.24 23.08 31.19 74.12 46.08 61.28 31.27 68.18 23.93 34.31 44.39 37.72 32.23 6f.93 27.73 36.06 1955 43.82 32.34 38.03 69.38 30.20 36.21 73.97 49.97 32.32 66.39 69.73 32.71 34.23 74.74 34.14 32.6T 72.12 70.16 34.23 33.30 averagr*eekly*etrni.gs Worker with Worker with no dependents 3 dependents Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Annual average: 1939.... 1940.... 1941.... 1942.... 1943.... 1944.... 1943.... month Monthly data: Tabte C-3: Year Tear Ye ar and month Gross average weekly earnings Index Amount (1947-49 = 100) average\eekly*ear:,ings Worker with S^pendettt no dependents Current 1947-49 Current 1947-49 Monthly data: $ 23.86 23.20 29.38 36.63 43.14 46.08 44.39 43.82 49-97 34.14 34.92 39.33 64.71 67.97 71.69 71.86 43.1 47.6 33.9 69.2 81.3 87.0 83.8 82.8 94.4 102.2 103.7 112.0 122.2 128.4 133.4 133.7 $23.38 $39.70 $23.62 $39.76 1954 ^71.06 24.69 41.22 24.9!3 41.63 28.03 44.39 29.28 46.33 Sept.... 71.86 72.22 31.77 43.38 36.28 32.03 36.01 48.66 41.39 33.93 73-57 74.12 38.29 30.92 44.06 38.39 36.97 48.08 42.74 33.38 37.72 43.23 43.20 31.80 1955 42.76 44.77 48.24 30.31 73.97 74.74 47.43 46.14 33.17 31.72 48.09 31.09 34.04 33.66 38.34 39.33 47.24 49.70 48.68 49.04 31.17 31.87 75.11 33.83 37.21 61.28 63.62 66.38 66.78 74.96 76.30 33.63 33.21 June.... 76.11 36.03 38.20 July.... 76.36 76.33 38.17 Sept.... 77.71 32.88 134.2 135.7 136.4 138.9 l4o.o $ 58.91 $51.23 $66.12 $57.50 59.55 51.92 66.78 58.22 59.84 52.26 67.07 58.58 60.92 53.16 68.18 59.49 61.36 53.68 68.63 60.04 139.7 141.2 141.9 141.6 144.1 143-7 61.15 61.76 62.05 144.2 144.2 146.8 63.02 63.00 61.93 62.98 62.83 64.08 68.41 53.50 54.03 54.29 54.23 55-15 54.92 69.20 70.27 70.12 54.94 55-02 55-77 70.32 70.29 71.40 69.02 69.32 59.85 60.38 6O .65 60.60 61.53 61.29 61.31 61.39 62.14 41 Adjusted Eat m tigs Tabte C-4: Average hourty earnings, gross and exctuding overtime, and average weekty hours of production workers in manufacturing Year' a rid month Ma n u f a c t u r i n g Average h ourly earnings Average Excluding overtime Gross Amou n t ( 1 9 4 7 - 4 9 - 100) 1941 ......... $0,729 $0,702 1942 .805 .853 .894 .961 1943 h ours 40.6 54.5 62.5 69.4 42.9 44.9 45.2 43.4 Average Furable goods h o u r l y ea r nl ngs Gr o s s N o n d u r a b l e goods Average hourly earnings hours Gr o s s Excluding o v e r t ime $0,625 l^s* $0,808 .947 1.059 $ 0,770 .681 .976 42.1 45.1 46.6 $o.64o 1.117 1.111 1.1% 1.029 1/1.042 1.122 46.6 44.1 40.2 .861 .904 1.015 1/.858 .981 1.250 40.6 1.171 1.278 1.325 1.133 1.241 4 o .i 39-6 1.337 1.43 1.49 39-7 39.5 39-6 .723 .803 .763 38.9 40.3 42.5 .814 43.1 .698 1944 1945 1946 1.019 .947 1.023 1/.963 73.5 1/74.8 81.6 40.4 1947. 1948. 1949. 1.350 1.198 1.310 1.367 93.0 101.7 40.4 4 o .i 39-2 1.292 1.410 1.469 1.434 1.537 1.480 I .60 1.70 41.2 41.6 41.5 1.378 1.48 1.54 1.80 41.3 40.2 1.61 1.66 1.56 1.61 39-5 39-0 1.87 1.87 1.86 1*0.1 4 o .i 4o.4 4o.8 4 i.i 1.65 1.66 1.66 1.67 1.67 1.60 1.61 1.61 1.62 1.62 39-2 39-3 39-2 39-5 39-8 1.98 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.90 1*0.9 4 i.i 4 i.4 41.2 1.99 1-99 1.91 1.91 4 i.6 41.2 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.69 1.70 1.70 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.65 1.65 1.65 39.3 39-5 39.7 39.0 39-6 39.9 2.02 2.01 2.03 1.94 1.94 1.95 1*0.9 4 i.i 41.5 1.70 1.72 1.66 39-7 39.9 1*0.2 1.086 1.051 1.237 1.401 1950. 1951. 1952. 1.465 1.59 19531954. 1.81 1954: 1955: 1.67 1.77 Aug.. Sept. Oct.. Nov.. Dec.. 1.79 1.415 1.61 125.0 40.5 40.7 40.7 1.71 132.8 136.6 4o.^ 39-7 1.87 1.74 135-1 136.6 136.6 137.4 137.4 39.7 39-7 39.9 4o.2 1.91 1.93 1.93 1.94 1.95 1.53 1.76 1.81 1.81 1.83 1.83 1.76 1.76 Jem.. 1.84 Feb.. 1.85 1.78 1.78 Apr.. 1.86 May.. 1.87 June. 1.87 1.80 I .80 1.80 July. 1.89 Aug.. 1.88 Sept. 1.90 1.82 MELT. . 1.85 42 106.1 1.77 1.77 1.79 1.81 1.83 109.9 118.8 138.2 138.2 139.0 139.8 139.8 139.8 141.3 i4o.5 142.1 40.5 1*0.2 4o.4 4o.6 1*0.3 1*0.8 40.7 4o.4 1*0.6 40.9 1.67 1.77 1.92 1.96 1.96 1.97 1.366 1.86 1.88 1.88 40.5 39.5 1.71 1.292 1.65 1.66 42.3 40.5 38.8 Man Hour tndexcs Tab)# C-5. indexes of aggregate weekty man-hours in industria) and construction activity ^ (1947-49 = 100) Manufacturing Year T O T A L 2y 1947: 1948: 1949: 1950: 1951: 1952: 1953: 1954: Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average ^ Monthly data: 1954: Aug.... Sept.... Oct.... Nov.... 1955: 1955: 102.2 102.3 103.0 103.5 102.9 77.3 73.5 75.8 76.5 77.4 129.8 123.8 99.9 96.0 76.8 76.4 76.0 75.7 77.7 80.4 July.... Aug.... Sept.... 107.2 109.8 111.7 78.6 78.7 78.4 Monthly data: 1954: Aug..... Sept.... 94.6 103.4 108.0 105.1 105.4 89.5 91.0 95.0 90.9 87.5 76.6 100.8 103.0 103.1 106.1 108.0 Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. construction 103.4 93.0 101.5 109.5 109.7 113.3 101.5 Jan.... Feb.... Mar.... Apr.... May.... June.... and month 1947: 1948: 1949: 1950: 1951: 1952: 1953: 1954: 103.6 diviiiL Furniture and f i x t u r e s 103-3 104.6 92.1 111.5 105.9 106.2 108.5 109.1 124.1 127.3 123.1 113.9 123-5 118.2 108.9 92.4 100.6 106.1 117.2 122.3 128.7 129.3 132.4 102.8 103.9 93-3 102.9 111.4 104.3 106.6 99.0 97.4 99.9 100.7 102.2 102.1 101.6 Jan.... Feb.... Mar.... 98.0 101.3 102.0 99.2 May.... June.... 100.1 98.9 99.8 103.3 105.1 103.3 110.6 July.... Aug..... Sept.... 100.0 108.6 111.7 104.8 103.2 92.0 101.1 108.4 108.4 113.6 101.1 99.9 101.2 101.9 103.2 103.8 102.0 103.6 105.2 104.5 106.4 107.8 106.0 109.1 111.0 Total: 106.1 102.7 115.7 103.1 102.1 94.7 99-2 99.7 125.2 107.5 997 93.5 104.1 89.7 116.6 102.9 103.9 106.6 109.4 110.5 109.4 111.5 113.6 114.3 116.7 117.2 114.2 115.8 117.9 108.0 107.6 112.1 113.9 105.4 -- D u r a b l e g o o d s ^ p r o d u c t s 98.6 101.2 107.6 91.1 107.4 290.4 623.O 798.3 502.2 107.0 102.7 90.3 99.6 102.7 96.9 93.0 85.0 96.3 97-9 96.3 95-8 95.8 437.4 441.8 437.9 431.7 429.0 88.4 93.2 94.2 95.2 415.6 84.2 85.5 84.6 96.6 4u.6 4io.8 4oo.8 399-1 395.2 96.2 386.5 92.8 94.0 101.2 102.7 M a n u f a c t u r i n g - D u r a b l e g oods - C o n t i n u e d Stone, clay, Fabricated M a c h i ne ry P r i m a r y m e tal and g l a s s m etal (e x c e p t i n dust r i e s products electrical) product s 96.5 100.7 102.6 102.0 101.7 "tur^ng" Tot?l: Durable goods 383.9 385.3 Electrical machinery 80.4 89.2 94.0 92.2 86.2 91.7 99-5 95.6 99.3 97*8 T r a n s p o r t a— t i on equipment 106.7 103.8 89.4 106.3 115.8 112.1 123.4 108.3 108.3 106.6 83.1 94.0 116.9 118.4 119.0 100.6 86.0 107.6 123.7 131.2 147.1 92.8 96.2 105.7 106.2 107.9 110.6 111.5 95.0 95.4 94.8 95.1 97.5 119.0 122.9 125.9 128.7 127.7 100.7 103.2 106.5 109.0 112.4 97.6 99.6 102.2 125.7 126.6 127.0 106.6 107.3 127.3 n4.o 109.1 110.6 113.2 113.6 116.0 116.2 128.6 129.1 150.9 154.4 153.7 155-2 145.8 109.7 110.9 117.2 113.2 116.0 118.6 103-7 124.3 129.5 134.8 147-9 l4i.6 l4o.4 106.6 88.0 104.1 H5.7 104.6 H3.9 94.5 91.6 91.5 98.7 io4.4 103.6 104.1 111.1 102.9 123.4 102.9 100.9 96.3 106.1 124.3 138.0 138.6 133.0 124.4 118.1 125.9 139.2 i46.o 147.1 M. Tab!e C-5. tndexes of aggregate week!y man-hours in industria! and construction activity Continued Year ( 1 9 47-49 r 100) M a n u f a c t u r i n g - D u r a b l e g o o ds-Con. M a n u f a c t u r i n g -- N o n d u r a b l e go o d s .ajjfjjres T e x t i l e - m i 11 products Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. 107.3 103.0 89.3 97.4 117.5 122.7 129.9 114.9 104.6 104.2 91.2 101.3 103.1 100.5 109.5 98.0 103.9 100.0 96.1 95.2 95.9 94.7 9 3.7 90.3 105.9 101.0 9 3.1 89.2 91.2 92.2 90.1 87.8 104.5 105.7 89.9 100.1 96.0 9 0 .7 89.8 7 8 .7 99.6 101.6 98.8 103.0 101.9 104.5 106.9 99.0 Monthly data: 1954: Aug.... Sept.... Oct.... Nov.... Dec.... 108 .7 1 11 .9 112 .3 112 .9 113.7 96.7 100.3 103.2 102.4 98.3 102.1 105.2 96.7 91.7 88.0 9 7.4 10 7.9 111.0 94.0 95.4 78 .9 79 .5 80.9 82.4 83.2 101.4 1 0 1.1 100.3 10 1.8 103.6 Jan.... Feb.... Mar.... Apr.... May.... June.... 112 .2 112 .9 114.2 113.1 110.4 115-5 93.9 97.4 99.3 97-7 99.4 82.3 79.8 81.4 83.0 8 3.O 80.2 101.1 81.6 85.1 90.4 85.4 8 1.4 7 7 .2 72 .0 76 .9 79 .7 102.4 107.6 109.5 100.1 100.5 102.9 July.... Aug.... Sept.... 113.1 114 .9 117.7 95.6 101.5 106.1 96.4 102.8 104.3 75 .2 79-6 83.6 1947: 1948: 1949: 1950: 1951: 1952: 1953: 1954: 1955: 8o.4 102.6 114.2 80.4 8 1 .7 84.3 98.1 108.1 109.4 M a n u f a c t u r i n g - N o n d u r a b l e g oods - C o n t i n u e d month 1947: 1948: I949: 1950: 1951: 1952: 1953: 1954: Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Average.. Monthly data: 1954: Aug.... Sept.... Oct.... 1955: P a p e r and allied products 102.6 io e .3 95.1 105.4 109.9 105.9 111.6 109.2 Dec.... 109.9 1 1 1 .1 1 11 .4 1 1 1 .7 1 1 0 .7 Jan.... Feb.... Mar.... Apr ..... May.... June.... 108.7 109.3 110 .5 1 10 .1 1 1 1 .7 113 .8 July... . Aug.... Sept.... 1 1 3 .5 116.4 118.1 Printing, pub- al l i e d i n d u s t r i e s and a l lied products petroleum and coal Rubber products L e a t h e r and leather products 101.4 100.5 98.0 99-5 101.6 102.7 105.4 104.4 103.3 102.6 94.1 97.2 105.5 104 .7 108.1 103.5 99.0 102.7 98.3 97.3 102.1 98.2 100.9 95-7 109.8 102.0 88.1 101.9 108.5 108.4 111.6 97.0 105.8 100.8 93.4 97.8 92.1 96.9 96.5 89.9 105.6 103.5 100.7 103.3 105.4 107.0 104.3 10 4 .7 97.5 96.7 94.0 93.8 92.2 86.0 96.9 102.3 104.3 108.5 88.3 86.8 103.3 io4.o io4.4 91.2 108.3 108.6 109.1 110 .9 105.4 io 4 .i 103.9 105.7 105.1 105.5 106.7 107.4 1 0 7.7 107.6 106.9 106.0 1 0 5 .7 105.9 108.9 106.8 110.7 90.3 92.7 93.7 95.7 96.1 97.0 95.8 95.6 93.1 90.6 93.3 116.4 94.0 98.6 98.4 90.9 89.6 95,5 112.0 112 .4 116 .9 94.8 99.1 94.8 n 4 .o _1/ A g g r e g a t e m a n - h o u r s are fo r the w e e k l y p a y pe r i o d e n d i n g n e a r e s t the 1 5 t h o f t he m o n t h and do n ot r e p r e s e n t t o t a l s for th e mon t h . F o r m i n i n g and m a n u f a c t u r i n g industries, d a t a r e f e r to p r o d u c t i o n and r e l a t e d wo r k e r s . For ^ _ 2 / Includes State and Area Hours and Tarrnngs Tabte C-6: Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for setected States and areas Average veekly earnings 1954 1955 Sent. Aug. .. SSBt. State and area ALABAMA.................. Birmingham Mobile $62.86 ARIZONA.................. Phoenix 87.13 85.70 84.65 81.41 83.38 ARKANSAS................. Little RockN. Little Rock 54.86 CALIFORNIA............... Fresno Loa Angelea Sacramento San BernardinoRiverside-Ontario San Diego San Franciaco-Oakland San Joae Stockton Average hourly earnings 1954 1955 Sept. Sept. Aug. 41.1 41.2 40.7 4l.O 41.5 4o.o 39.5 39.5 39.7 $1-53 2.02 1.80 $1.43 1.78 1.75 $1.45 1.85 1.71 83.20 . 42.5 41.4 40.3 41.7 41.9 41.6 2.05 2.07 2.03 2.02 1.99 2.00 53.63 51.53 42.2 41.9 40.9 1.30 1.28 1.26 53.69 52.89 49.65 41.3 4i.o 40.7 1.30 1.29 1.22 86.25 73.50 86.49 96.45 85.00 81.56 68.47 40.9 38.0 40.9 45.8 40.5 40.2 37.0 40.2 42.6 2.11 1.94 2.11 2.11 2.10 1.91 2.09 2.04 2.03 1.85 2.02 2.00 84.00 80.67 40.7 40.2 40.4 39.2 39-7 42.2 40.5 2.06 2.14 2.21 1.91 2.01 2.13 1.99 2.18 1.91 1.90 1.81 83.22 73.26 $58.63 73.87 70.00 75 52 85.47 72.37 $57.28 73.08 Average veekly hour a 1954 1955 Sept. Aug. Sept. 67.89 8l.4i 8523 39.6 4o.8 35-4 85.68 89.60 82.20 88.05 78.89 71.43 80.47 80.87 83.16 76.60 76.01 COLORADO................. Denver 77-93 79-73 76.48 76.38 71.82 72.83 40.8 41.1 40.9 40.2 39.9 39.8 1.91 1.94 1.87 1.80 CONNECTICUT.............. Bridgeport Hartford Nev Britain Nev Haven Stamford Waterbury 79.00 , 76.48 73-12 75-58 77.64 41.8 42.0 41.9 42.6 40.9 41.6 4o.4 40.4 40.2 41.3 1.89 1.96 1.96 1.89 1.87 1.94 1.94 1.81 1.88 1.88 1.77 2.04 1.74 1.97 DELAWARE................. Wilmington 77.65 82.32 81.99 85.43 80.70 78.38 77.30 70.98 40.0 40.7 43.0 4i.l 4o.i 40.4 41.3 37-7 38.6 1.90 1.87 1.83 1.89 1.78 1.87 1.81 81.80 68.71 6960 81.16 74.03 40.2 43.1 77-23 90.34 72.44 86.24 69 29 83-33 40.8 40.6 39-2 40.0 39.8 39.7 I .89 2.23 1.85 2.16 2.10 FLORIDA.................. Tampa-St. Peteraburg 57-92 57.08 57-39 55-88 56.17 55-48 40.2 40.5 40.7 40.2 40.2 40.7 1.43 1.42 l.4i 1.39 1.38 1.38 GEORGIA.................. Atlanta Savannah 55-08 53.87 49.27 62.02 65.85 40.5 40.5 39-1 39-5 40.9 1.36 1.69 1.72 1.26 42.3 4o.6 42.2 1.33 72.76 68.61 70.90 IDAHO.................... 84.97 84.97 82.26 42.7 42.7 42.4 1.99 1.99 1.94 ILLINOIS................. ChicagQ 84.35 82.25 77-49 79-79 41.7 42.0 41.3 4l.2 40.4 40.1 2.02 2.12 1.99 86.39 1.92 INDIANA.................. 85.18 82.75 75-29 41.8 40.7 39.7 2.04 2.03 1.89 IOWA..................... Dea Moinea 78.15 83.97 76.23 81.83 72.45 77-20 41.7 41.2 40.4 40.6 39-2 1.88 40.4 2.08 1.85 2.03 1.79 1.97 KANSAS................... Topeka Wichita 81.16 80.21 8o.i4 84.70 80.06 41.7 40.7 41.6 43.6 1.86 2.05 1.93 1.84 41.4 42.2 43.1 42.8 1.95 75.50 84.42 2.05 1.90 1.83 2.00 KENTUCKY................. 73-41 71.51 67.63 41.2 40.9 39-8 1.78 1.75 1.70 80.51 72.85 82.01 81.89 68.61 89.20 75-55 78.84 85.40 40.7 40.6 4i.l 40.9 1.89 2.06 2.10 4o.i 40.1 4o.4 40.0 41.2 40.9 1.79 2.04 1.90 1.69 1.68 2.10 1.74 1.57 1.61 1.99 See footnotes at end of tat<le. 45 btjte jnd Ar ^ j Houts and Lcnmnos Tabte C-& Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for setected States and areas - Continued Average veekly earnings State and area Sect. LOUISIANA................. Baton Rouge Nev Orleans #70.31 MAINE..................... Portland 59-18 1955 98.86 68.91 62.61 1954 Average veekly h0UT8 Aim. Seut. SeDt. $68.97 95 63 67.94 $65.73 93 56 1C55............ -1954 Average hourly earnings Aug. SeDt. Sept. 41.8 41.4 40.2 41.6 66.66 42.1 41.2 40.3 58.29 64.oo 55 38 61-33 40.6 40.7 40.3 41.8 1955 1954 Aug. Sept. $1.67 2.40 1.71 $1.65 2.31 1.69 $1.58 2.31 1.65 38.8 40.5 1.46 1.54 1.45 1.53 1.43 1.52 40.5 40.4 MARYLAND.................. Baltimore 81.52 80.47 74.25 68.28 41.5 41.6 40.6 41.3 39.9 40.2 1.85 1.96 1.83 1.95 1.71 1.83 MASSACHUSETTS............ Boston Fall River Nev Bedford Springfield-Holyoke Worcester 70.52 73-08 55.94 59-75 77-70 81.16 68.91 71.20 65.24 69 30 50.46 40.3 79.30 41.3 39.3 39.6 37.1 40.0 39.9 39.0 1.72 1.80 1.42 1.49 1.85 1.91 1.71 1.78 1.41 1.48 1.84 1.92 1.66 58.40 70.62 70.20 4 l.o 40.6 39.4 40.1 42.0 42.5 MICHIGAN.................. Detroit Flint Grand Rapids Lansing Muskegon Saginav 94.41 97.68 104.46 85.78 99.83 94.05 97-31 87.85 92.57 41.5 40.8 43.2 41.6 42.3 4 i.8 41.2 40.3 39.8 2.28 2.25 2.18 41.1 4o .l 39.2 2.06 2.36 2.28 40.3 2.15 2.19 2.42 2.02 2.30 2.15 MINNESOTA................. Duluth Minneapolis-St. Paul 80.25 82.73 83.76 79-16 2.06 1.90 1.97 1.81 1.92 1.91 MISSISSIPPI............... Jackson 50.94 MISSOURI.................. Kansas City St. Louis 76.67 55 55 59-64 74.52 109.25 83.63 106.30 73-48 95-20 4o.o 39.4 40.3 40.5 45.2 41.7 2.40 2.42 2.36 1.75 1.36 1.46 1.77 1.80 2.33 84.19 41.5 41.4 44.7 39.5 4 i.8 81.19 81.05 73-50 75-59 76.30 41.8 4o .l 4 i.8 4 i.6 39.5 4 i .i 40.6 39.3 39.9 2.00 57.68 50.58 54.94 50.09 42.1 4 i.8 41.8 40.4 41.4 40.4 1.21 1.38 1.21 1.36 1.21 1.28 72.01 81.42 71-75 81.14 39.8 4o.2 78.92 40.7 4o .l 40.9 40.3 39.0 39.9 39.3 1.81 79-62 67.58 75-07 73.71 I .98 1.99 1.78 1.97 1.96 1.88 1.88 MONTANA................... 85.62 86.62 80.73 40.9 4 i .l 39.8 2.09 2.11 2.03 NEBRASKA.................. Omaha 74.27 79.96 73-01 76.26 67.89 70.07 43.1 43.0 41.7 40.3 1.72 1.82 1.70 1.80 1.63 42.3 NEVADA.................... 91.96 91.03 90.80 39.3 40.1 40.9 2.34 2.27 2.22 NEW HAMPSHIRE............. Manchester 60.09 59-28 55.48 56.45 50.34 4o.6 38.4 40.6 39.2 35.7 1.48 1.44 1.46 1.43 1.44 l .4 i NEW JERSEY................ Newark-Jersey City Paterson Perth Amboy Trenton 80.62 80.36 82.57 74.85 75 93 75-97 76.50 73.67 40.7 4o.4 40.3 41.2 41.3 40.2 39.9 39.9 4 i.o 1.95 1.94 40.5 40.3 1.93 2.01 1.93 1.91 78.43 78.58 79.75 78.57 82.43 76.98 2.00 1.92 1.88 1.90 1.85 1.89 1.83 NEW MEXICO................ Albuquerque 83.85 78.36 77.08 80.99 1/ 81.32 2.05 1.93 1.88 1.99 1/1.95 ' 1.85 NEW YORK.................. Albany-Schenectady-Troy Binghamton Buffalo Elmira 74-79 82.37 70-93 1.90 1.84 84.93 70.73 77-41 75-39 87.03 90.84 55.30 79.57 See footnotes at end of table. 46 76.05 90.07 84.73 91.04 89.45 81.13 88.82 81.38 51-71 40.5 43.8 40.8 41.7 41.1 40.7 38.8 1.92 1.98 2.18 2.06 1.98 1.97 2.22 2.08 2.09 1.74 1.74 40.9 75-85 40.6 40.7 41.0 1/41.7 4i.o 71.84 77.72 64.56 82.77 74.36 39.7 41.2 39.4 41.0 41.0 39.3 4o.8 39.8 40.5 2.06 2.02 1.92 36.9 39.7 1.79 2.20 I .89 2.19 2.08 40.9 40.5 39.0 40.5 1.92 1.78 1.86 1.75 1.84 Shite and Area Hours and Earnings Tabte C-& Hours and gross earnings of production workers in manufacturing industries for seiected States and areas - Continued Average veekly earnings State and area Sept. NEW YORK - Continued Nassau and Suffolk Counties New York City Rochester Syracuse Utica-Rome Westchester County $84.44 72.06 82.44 82.76 1955 1954 Average veekly hours Aug. Sept. Sept. $79.76 $84.32 69.31 77-05 75-14 40.5 38.1 1955 1954 Average hourly earnings Aug. Sept. Sept. 39.0 37-7 40.6 41.2 39.9 39.7 41.5 37.7 40.2 40.5 39-4 39-6 $2.09 1.89 2.01 1.96 1955 1954 Aug. Sept. $2.05 $2.03 1.84 1.92 1.85 1.77 74.54 76.13 71.22 81.73 79.75 71.09 73.47 NORTH CAROLINA............ Charlotte Greensboro-High Point 52.35 57.27 51.99 50.93 5508 50.67 48.75 53-06 40.9 38.8 40.1 40.8 39-0 40.5 37.7 1.28 49.01 41.8 1-37 1.34 1.27 1.35 1.33 1.25 1.31 1.30 NORTH DAKOTA.............. Fargo 72.50 79.93 69.29 75.54 66.36 68.36 45.0 43.2 43.2 43.7 40.5 1.61 1.60 1.73 1.75 1.52 1.69 OHIO...................... Akron Cincinnati Cleveland Dayton 68.23 90.87 83.12 90.54 94.40 87.18 89.89 80.65 90.67 93.49 79 29 (R/) 75.78 79 96 (2/) 41.4 39.6 42.1 41.3 41.2 39.6 41.4 41.6 41.5 39.7 (2/) 40.8 38.9 (2/) 2.13 2.29 1.97 2.19 2.27 2.12 2.27 1.95 2.00 (2/) 2.18 1.86 2.06 2.25 (2/) OKLAHOMA.................. Oklahoma City Tulsa 75-48 71.74 7393 70.22 82.94 72.69 70.95 77-71 41.7 42.7 42.2 41.3 41.8 42.1 41.3 1.79 40.9 1.81 1.68 1.98 1.97 1.76 1.65 1.90 OREGON.................... Portland 86.97 83.15 90.82 83.74 80.13 75.34 38.5 39.0 40.8 39.8 37.2 37.5 2.26 2.13 2.23 2.10 2.15 2.01 PENNSYLVANIA.............. Allentovn-BethlehemEaston Erie Harrisburg Lancaster Philadelphia Pittsburgh Reading Scranton W iIke s-Barre — Hazleton York 79-34 76.53 70-33 40.1 39.5 38.5 1.98 1.94 1.83 75 62 70.61 79.10 66.59 67.03 7902 89.97 69.35 55.79 52.66 65.54 65.10 75-25 57-52 65-24 74.89 82.10 62.80 54.63 39.8 42.4 40.0 41.5 40.7 41.4 39.1 38.5 37.3 39-9 37.8 41.2 39.4 41.4 40.4 39.9 40.2 38.5 37.8 41.4 37.2 1.90 1.96 1.72 1.65 1.87 1.92 1.69 1.62 1.96 2.26 1.75 8356 83.10 68.68 68.39 80.10 95.84 68.50 56.67 52.52 64.40 63.00 69.67 71-70 50.78 61.12 41.0 42.2 41.2 40.7 46.1 41.5 38.1 43.0 40.5 36.5 40.9 39.5 1.81 1.87 1.97 38.8 2.32 37.9 1.75 37.5 40.0 l .4 l 38.2 1.47 1.61 1.89 2.01 1.94 1.78 1.85 1.68 1-73 1.45 1-39 1.81 1.86 1.58 1.60 1.90 2.12 1.66 1.58 1.43 1.35 1.53 1.54 1.55 1.54 1.53 1.27 RHODE ISLAND.............. Providence 64.37 60.35 62.00 62.12 4i.o 40.3 39.2 40.0 39.9 4o.6 1.57 SOUTH CAROLINA............ Charleston 54.93 59 33 52.22 57.10 50.29 54.14 41.3 41.2 40.8 40.5 39.6 4o .i 1.33 1.44 1.28 42.8 47.6 1.64 1.76 1.59 1.71 1-57 1.47 1.53 1.71 1.46 SOUTH DAKOTA.............. Sioux Falls Chattanooga Knoxville Memphis Nashville TEXAS..................... 61.45 1.56 78.15 90.15 72.63 80.63 67.25 77.84 47.7 51.2 45.8 47.1 61.27 62.56 70.41 63.76 6304 60.86 62.32 67.08 6583 59.40 41.4 40.1 40.7 41.4 41.2 41.4 4o.8 40.4 42.6 4l.O 4o .i 39.7 39.0 42.2 39.6 1.48 69.08 68.16 58.55 59-15 78.38 75-84 72.28 42.6 41.9 41.3 1.84 62.42 1.56 1.73 1.54 1.53 1.41 1.35 1.63 1.52 1.49 1.72 1.56 1.50 l .8 l 1.75 1.60 See footnotes at end of tat!le. 47 Tabte C-& Hours and gross earnings of production wodters in manufacturing industries for setected States and areas - Continued State and area Average weekly earnings 1955 ...1954... Sept. Aug.... .. Average weekly hours ...JL355.... - ..J35.4 Sept. Sept. Aug. Average hourly earnings 1954 1955 Sept. Aug. Sept. UTAH..................... Salt Lake City $76.73 $75.26 $69.70 72.83 40.6 44.3 39.2 41.5 39.6 39-8 $1.89 1.97 $1.92 VERMONT.................. Burlington Springfield 65.68 63.88 59.26 43.1 42.4 41.1 43.1 40.6 39.1 39.8 1.52 1.44 1.51 1.44 1.81 1.50 1.72 40.4 39.1 40.6 40.2 4o.6 1.63 1.45 1.45 1.60 1.56 l.4 l 1.51 1.51 39.0 38.5 40.2 2.18 2.16 2.23 2.17 2.07 36.8 38.3 38.5 4o.o 39.7 2.11 2.13 2.15 2.13 2.04 2.08 I .98 2.31 1.91 1.85 2.25 1.89 2.11 1.81 2.01 VIRGINIA................. Norfolk-Portsmouth Richmond 87.27 58.84 81.55 59.30 67.32 78.02 58.95 77.89 58.58 62.56 58.82 68.47 57.io 40.9 44,5 40.9 60.70 61.31 41.3 40.8 79.io 78.42 39.3 40.5 1.83 64.87 63.34 WASHINGTON............... Seattle Spokane Tacoma 85.57 84.85 WEST VIRGINIA............ Charleston 77.41 93.60 75.45 93.33 70.86 89.10 39.7 4o.o 39-5 40.4 38.3 39.6 1.95 2.34 WISCONSIN................ Kenosha La Crosse Madison Milwaukee Racine 81.42 94.29 80.77 84.43 78.14 77.85 73.36 42.0 43.5 40.1 39.9 41.4 36.9 39.4 40.4 40.9 4o.6 40.5 1.94 2.17 2.01 2.12 WYOMING.................. Casper 82.85 88.29 83.36 90.12 84.46 84.87 103.49 82.03 86.50 78.26 76.61 84.64 86.69 82.26 84.45 100.45 l/ Not comparable with current data shown. 2/ Not available. 48 83.21 78.62 80.05 76.66 76.05 < 81.59 38.4 39.6 39.6 41.7 79.15 4 i.o 84.66 97.23 41.9 4 i.o 41.6 4 i.o 39.9 4 o .i 39.3 4o.o 4 o .i 40.7 41.2 1.59 1.88 1.94 $1.76 1.83 1.46 2.16 2.06 2.12 2.03 1.91 1.93 2.04 1.97 2.07 2.47 2.03 2.45 2.08 2.36 2.10 Exp!anatory Notes )NTRODUCT)ON The statistics for nonfarm industries presented in this monthly report are part of the broad program of the Bureau of Labor Statistics to provide timely, com prehensive, accurate, and detailed information for the use of businessmen, government officials, legislators, labor unions, research vorkers, and the general public. The statistics are an integral part of the Federal statistical system, and are considered basic indica tors of the state of the Nation's economy. They are widely used in following and interpreting business developments and in making decisions in such fields as labar-management negotiations, marketing, personnel, plant location, and government policy. In addition, Government agencies use the data in this report to com pile official indexes of production, labor productivity, and national income. ESTABUSHMENT REPORTS: a. duct. Information for nonmanufacturing establish ments is collected on the 790 form itself. In the case of an establishment making more than one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the unit is included under the industry indicated by the most important product or activity. The titles and descriptions of industries presented in the Standard Industrial - (U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Washington, D. C.) are used for classifying reports from manufacturing and government establishments; the 1942 industrial, MPMifiPRtAnn Code. (U. S. Social Security Board) for reports from all other establishments. c. Coverage Monthly reports on employment and, for most indus tries, payroll and man-hours are obtained flrom approx imately 155,000 establishments. (See table below.) The table also shows the approximate proportion of total employment in each industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions shown. Collection Approximate size and coverage of BLS The employment statistics program, which is based emptoyment and pay roits sampie 1/ on establishment payroll reports, provides current data for both full- and part-time workers on payrolls of Number of nonagricultural establishments (see glossary for defi Employees Division nition, p. 7-^5) during a specified period each month.The or ments in BLS uses two "shuttle" schedules for this program, the Number in Percent industry BLS Form 790 (for employment, payroll, and man-hours samole sample of total data) and the BLS Form 1219 (for labor turnover data). 50 3,300 400,000 The shuttle schedule, used by BLS for more than 25 28 19,700 763,000 years, is designed to assist firms to report consist Contract construction.. 44,100 10,602,000 65 ently, accurately, and with a minimum of cost. The questionnaire provides space for the establishment to Transportation and report for each month of the current calendar year; in public utilities: this way, the employer uses the same schedule for the Interstate railroads. 1,037,000 95 entire year. Other transportation 1,430,000 13,600 51 and public utilities. Under a cooperative arrangement with the BLS, State Wholesale and retail agencies mail the BLS 790 Forms to the establishments 1,760,000 60,300 17 and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and Finance, insurance, and completeness. The States use the information to prepare 517,000 10,600 25 State and area series and then send the data to the BLS Service and Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics for use miscellaneous: in preparing the national series. Hotels and lodging 345,000 1,300 31 The BLS 1219 schedules are mailed by BLS to the es Personal services: tablishments which return them directly to the BLS Wash Laundries and clean ington office for use in preparing turnover rates on a ing and dyeing national basis. 99,000 2,300 23 Government: b. Industrial Classification Federal (Civil Service 2,139,000 100 Establishments are classified into industries on the 3 ,223,000 4,100 69 basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. This informa l/ Some firms do not report payroll and man-hour tion is collected each year. For manufacturing estab information. Therefore, hours and earnings estimates lishments, a product supplement to the monthly 790 may be based on a slightly smaller sample than employ report is used. The supplement provides for reporting ment estimates. the percentage of total sales represented by each pro 1-E Labor turnover reports are received from approx imately 10,000 cooperating establishments in the manu facturing, mining, and communication industries (see table below). The definition of manufacturing used in the turnover series is not as extensive as in the BLS series on employment and hours and earnings because of the exclusion, of the following major industries from the labor turnover sample: printing, publishing, and allied industries (since April 1943); canning and pre serving fruits, vegetables, and sea foods; women's and misses' outerwear; and fertilizer. Approximate size and coverage of B L S tabor turnover sampte Number of Group and industry Manufacturing........ Durable goods...... Nondurable goods.... Metal mining......... Coal mining: Anthracite......... Bituminous......... Communication: Telephone.......... Telegraph.......... l/ Does not apply. ments in sample Employees Number in Percent of total sample 9,600 6,200 3,600 130 5 ,400,000 3,800,000 1,600,000 44,000 38 42 32 47 25 200 9,000 75,000 21 36 (1/) 600,000 28,000 87 68 DEF!N)HON$ AND ESHMATtNG METHODS: A. EMPLOYMENT Definition Employment data for all except Federal Government establishments refer to persons who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. For Federal Government establishments current data generally refer to persons who worked on, or received pay for, the last day of the month. Persons on an establishment payroll who are on paid sick leave, paid holiday, or paid vacation, or who work during a part of the specified pay period and are un employed or on strike during the other part of the period are counted as employed. Persons are not con sidered employed who are laid off or are on leave with out pay, who are on strike for the entire period, or who are hired but do not report to work during the period. Proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers in house holds are also excluded. Government employment covers only civilian employees; Federal military personnel are shown separately, but their number is excluded from total nonagricultural employment. With respect to employment in educational institu tions (private and governmental), BLS considers regular full-time teachers to be employed during the summer vacation period whether or not they are specifically paid in those months. Benchmark Data Employment estimates are periodically compared with complete counts of employment in the various nonagri2-E cultural industries, and appropriate adjustments made as indicated by the total counts or benchmarks. The comparison made for the first 3 months of 1 9 % re sulted in changes amounting to less than 0.2 percent of all nonagricultural employment. Among the indus try divisions changes ranged from 0.2 percent for finance, insurance,and real estate to 3.1 percent in contract construction. Manufacturing industries as a whole were changed by 0.3 percent. Within manufac turing, 57 of the 132 individual industries required no adjustment because the estimate and benchmark dif fered by less than 1.0 percent or less than 500 and 59 were adjusted by 1.0 - 5.0 percent. The most sig nificant cause of differences between the benchmark and estimate for these individual industries was the change in industrial classification of individual firms which cannot be reflected in BLS estimates until they are adjusted to new benchmarks. During 1953 more than 250,000 employees were in establishments whose industry classification changed. Other causes of dif ferences were sampling and response errors. The basic sources of benchmark information are the quarterly tabulations of employment data, by industry, compiled by State agencies from reports of establish ments covered under State unemployment insurance laws. Supplementary tabulations prepared by the U. S. Bureau of Old Age and Survivors Insurance are used for the group of establishments exempt from State unem ployment insurance laws because of their small size. Benchmarks for industries wholly or partly excluded from the unemployment insurance laws are derived from a variety of other sources. The BLS estimates which are prepared for the benchmark quarter are compared with the new benchmark levels, industry by industry. Where revisions are necessary, the monthly estimates are adjusted between the new benchmark and the preceding one. Following revision for these intermediate periods, the industry data from the most recent benchmark are projected to the current month by use of the sample trends. Under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish the level of employment while the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in the level. Estimating M3thod The estimating procedure for industries for which data on both "all employees" and "production and re lated workers" are published (manufacturing and selected mining industries) is outlined below; the first step under this method is also used for indus tries for which only figures on "all employees" are published. The first step is to compute total employment (all employees) in the industry for the month following the benchmark period. The all-employee total for the last benchmark month (e.g., March) is multiplied by the percent change of total employment over the month for the group of establishments reporting for both March and April. Thus, if firms in the BLS sample for an industry report 30,000 employees in Mirch and 31,200 in April, April employment is 104 percent (31,200 divided by 30,000) of March employment. If the all employee benchmark in %urch is 40,000, the all-employee total in April would be 104 percent of 40,000 or 41,600. The second step is to compute the productionworker total for the industry. The all-employee total for the month is multiplied by the ratio of production vorkers to all employees. This ratio is computed from establishment reports in the monthly sample. Thus, if these firms in April report 24,960 production workers and a total of 31,200 employees, the ratio of produc tion vorkers to all employees would be .80 (24,960 divided by 31,200). The production-worker total in April vould be 33,280 (41,600 multiplied by .80). Figures for subsequent months are computed by carrying forward the totals for the previous month ac cording to the method described above. The number of women employees in manufacturing, published quarterly, is computed by multiplying the all-employee estimate for the industry by the ratio of vomen to all employees as reported in the industry sample. Employment Adjusted for Seasonal Variation Employment series for many industries reflect a regularly recurring seasonal movement which can be measured on the basis of past experience. By elimi nating that part of the change in employment which can be ascribed to usual seasonal variation, it is pos sible to clarify the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. Adjusted employment aggre gates are shown and also indexes (1947-49 = 100) de rived from these aggregates. The indexes have the additional advantage of comparing the current sea sonally adjusted employment level with average employ ment in the base period. Comparability with Other Employment Estimates Employment data published by other government and private agencies may differ from BLS employment sta tistics because of differences in definition, sources of information, methods of collection, classification, and estimation. BLS monthly figures are not directly comparable, for example, vith the estimates of the Census Mmthlv Report on the Labor Force (MtLF). Census data are obtained by personal interviews with individual members of a small sample of households and are designed to provide information on the work status of the whole population, classified by their demographic characteristics. The BLS, on the other hand, obtains data by mail questionnaire which are based on the payroll records of business units, and prepares detailed statistics on the industrial and geographic distribution of employment and on h&urs of work and earnings. Since BLS employment figures are based on estab lishment payroll records, persons who worked in more than one establishment during the reporting period will be counted more than once in the BLS series. By definition, proprietors, self-employed persons, domes tic servants, and unpaid family workers are excluded ftom the BLS but not the MtLF series. Employment estimates derived by the Bureau of the Census A*om its censuses and/or annual sample surveys of manufacturing establishments also differ from BLS employment statistics. Among the important reasons for lack of comparability are differences in indus tries covered, in the business units considered parts of an establishment, and in the industrial classifi cation of establishments. Similar differences exist between the BLS data and those in County Business Patterns published jointly by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. B. LABOR TURNOVER Definition "Labor turnover," as used in the BLS program, re fers to the gross movement of wage and salary workers into and out of employment status with respect to in dividual firms during a calendar month. This movement is subdivided into two broad types: accessions (new hires and rehires) and separations (terminations of employment initiated by either employer or employee). Each type of action is cumulated for a calendar month and expressed as a rate per 100 employees. All em ployees , including executive, office, sales, other salaried personnel, and production workers are cov ered by both the turnover movements and the employment base used in computing labor turnover rates. All groups of employees— full- and part-time, permanent, and temporary— are included. Transfers from one es tablishment to another within a company are not con sidered to be turnover items. Method of Computation To compute turnover rates for individual indus tries, the total number of each type of action (ac cessions, quits, etc.) reported for a calendar month by the sample establishments in each industry is first divided by the total number of employees reported by these establishments, who worked during, or received pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of that month. The result is multiplied by 100 to obtain the turnover rate. For example, in an industry sample, the total number of employees who worked during, or received pay for, the week of January 12-18 was reported as 25,498. During the period January 1-31 a total of 284 employees in all reporting firms quit. The quit rate for the industry is: 284 x 100 = 1.1 25,498 To compute turnover rates for broader industrial categories, the rates for the component industries are weighted by the estimated employment. Separate turnover rates for men and women are pub lished quarterly for 1 month in each quarter. Only accessions, quits, and total separations are publish ed. These rates are computed in the same manner as the all-employee rates; for example, the quit rate for women is obtained from an industry sample by dividing the number of women who quit during the month by the number of women employees reported. Average monthly turnover rates for the year for all employees are computed by dividing the sum of the monthly rates by 12. Comparability with Earlier Data Labor turnover rates are available on a compara ble basis from January 1930 for manufacturing as a whole and fl*om 1943 for two coal mining and two com munication industries. Rates for many individual in dustries and industry groups for the period prior to January 1950 are not comparable with those for the subsequent period because of a revision which in volved (1) the adoption of the Standard Industrial Classification (1945) code structure for manufactur ing industries, and (2) the introduction of weighting 3-E in the computation of Industry-group rates. Comparability with Employment Series Month-to-month changes in total employment in man ufacturing industries reflected by labor turnover rates are not comparable with the changes shown in the Bureau's employment series for the following reasons: (1) Accessions and separations are computed for the entire calendar-month; the em ployment reports, for the most part, refer to a 1-week pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. (2) The turnover sample excludes certain in dustries (see under coverage, p. 2-E). (3) Plants on strike are not included in the turnover computations beginning with the month the strike starts through the month the workers return; the influence of such stoppages is reflected, however, in the employment figures. C. HOURS AND EARNINGS Definitions of production workers, nonsupervisory employees, payrolls, and man-hours from which hours and earnings data are derived are included in the glossary, page 7 - E . Methods used to compute hours and earnings averages are described in summary of methods for computing national statistics, page 6-E. as absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishments. Group averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component industries. Gross A v e W * R t m l M H In fh<rmn+. and M47-49 M A a r g These series indicate changes in the level of weekly earnings before and after adjustment for changes in purchasing power as determined from the BLS Consumer Price Index. Net Spendable Average Meekly Eamines Net spendable average weekly earnings in current dollars are obtained by deducting Federal social se curity and income taxes from gross weekly earnings. The amount of income tax liability depends on the number of dependents supported by the worker, as well as on the level of his gross income. To reflect these variables, net spendable earnings have been computed for two types of income receivers: (l) a worker with no dependents; and (2) a worker with three depend ents. The computations of net spendable earnings for both the factory worker with no dependents and the factory worker with three dependents are based upon the gross average weekly earnings for all production workers in manufacturing industries without regard to marital status, family composition, and total family income. Gross Average Hourly and Weekly Earnings Average hourly earnings for manufacturing and non manufacturing industries are on a "gross" basis, i.e., they reflect not only changes in basic hourly and in centive wage rates, but also such variable factors as premium pay for overtime and late-shift work, and changes in output of workers paid on an incentive basis. Employment shifts between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers* earnings in individual establishments also affect the general earnings averages. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries. Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings refer to the actual return to the worker for a stated period of time; rates are the amounts stipu lated for a given unit of work or time. However, the average earnings series does not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the employer, since the following are excluded: irregular bonuses, ret roactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings for those employees not covered under the productionworker or nonsupervisory-employee definitions. Gross average weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in gross average hourly earnings, but also by changes in the length of the workweek, parttime work, stoppages for varying causes, labor turn over, and absenteeism. Average Weekly Hours The workweek information relates to average hours worked or paid for, and is somewhat different from standard or scheduled hours. Normally, such factors 4-E Net spendable weekly earnings in 1947-49 dollars represent an approximate measure of changes in "real" net spendable weekly earnings. "Real" earnings are computed by dividing the current Consumer Price Index into the spendable earnings average for the current month. The resulting level of spendable earnings ex pressed in 1947-49 dollars is thus adjusted for changes in purchasing power since that base period. Average Hourly Earnings. Excludiqn Ovm-t^me, of Production Workers in Manufacturing Industries These data are based on the application of adjust ment factors to gross average hourly earnings (as de scribed in the Monthly Labor Review. May 1950, pp. 537540; reprint available, Serial No. R. 2020). This method eliminates only the earnings due to overtime paid for at one and one-half times the straight-time rates after 40 hours a week. Thus, no adjustment is made for other premium-payment provisions— for example, holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time and one-half. Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Man-Hours The indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours are pre pared by dividing the current month's aggregate by the monthly average for the 1947-49 period. These aggre gates represent the product of average weekly hours and employment. The aggregate man-hours are defined as total manhours for which pay was received by full- and parttime production or construction workers, including hours paid for holidays, sick leave, and vacations taken. The man-hours are for 1 week of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, and may not be typical of the entire month. other industry information shown in this publication. Railroad Hours and Earnings STAHSHCS FOR STATES AND AREAS The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are based upon month ly data summarized in the M-300 report of the Inter state Commerce Commission and relate to all employees vho received pay during the month, except executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC Group I). Gross average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Gross average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by Average hourly earning s. Because hours and earnings data for manufacturing and other nonmanufacturing industries are based upon reports to the BLS which generally represent 1 weekly pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, the data for railroad employees are not strictly comparable with State and area employment, hours, and earnings statistics are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with the BLS. These sta tistics are based on the same establishment reports used by the BLS for preparing national estimates. State employment series are adjusted to benchmark data from State unemployment insurance agencies and the Bureau of CQLd Age and Survivors Insurance. Because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and use slightly varying methods of computation, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from the official U. S. totals prepared by the BLS. MOTE: Additional industry detail may be obtainable from the cooperating State agencies listed on the inside back cover of this report. Additional information concerning the prepa ration of the employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover series-- concepts and scope, survey methods, and reliability and limitations— is contained In techni cal notes for each of these series. (See page 9-43.) For all of this information as well as similar material for other BLS statistics, see Techniques of Preparing Major BLS Statistical Series, BLS Bull. 1168, December 1954. 2-E SUMMARY OF METHODS FOR COMPUTtNG NATIONAL STAHSTKS EMPLOYMENT, HOURS, AND EARN<NGS Item Individual manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries Total nonagricultural divisions, major groups, and groups MONTHLY DATA All emolovees All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month for sample establishments which re ported for both months. Sum of all-employee estimates for component industries. Production workers All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by ratio of pro duction workers to all employees in sample establishments for cur rent month. Sum of production-worker estimates for component industries. Average weekly hours Total production or nonsupervisory man-hours divided by number of pro duction or nonsupervisory workers. Average, weighted by employment, of the average weekly hours for com ponent industries. Average hourly earnings Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker man-hours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhours, of the average hourly earn ings for component industries. Average weekly earnings Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. ANNUAL AVERAGE DATA All emolovees and pro duction workers Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Average weekly hours Annual total of aggregate manhours (employment multiplied by average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment. Average, weighted by employment, of the annual averages of weekly hours for component industries. Average hourly earnings Annual total of aggregate pay rolls (weekly earnings multiplied by employment) divided by annual aggregate man-hours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhours, of the annual averages of hourly earnings for component in dustries. Average veekly earnings Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. GLOSSARY ALL EMPLOYEES - The total number of persons on estab lishment payrolls who worked full- or part-time or received pay for any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Includes salaried officers of corporations as veil as employees on the establishment payroll engaged in nev construc tion and major additions or alterations to the plant vho are utilized as a separate work force (forceaccount construction vorkers). Proprietors, selfemployed persons, domestic servants, unpaid family vorkers, and members of the Armed Forces are ex cluded. CONSTRUCTION WORKERS - Includes working foreman, journeymen, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, labor ers, and similar vorkers engaged in nev work, al terations, demolition, and other actual construc tion vork, at the site of construction or working in shop or yard at jobs (such as precutting and pre assembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction trades; includes all such workers re gardless of skill, engaged in any way in contract construction activities. CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION - Covers only firms engaged in the construction business on a contract basis for others. Force-account construction vorkers, i.e., hired directly by and on the payroll of Federal, State, and local government, public utilities, and private establishments, are excluded from contract construction and included in the employment for such establishments. DURABLE GOODS - The durable-goods subdivision includes the following major manufacturing industry groups: ordnance and accessories; lumber and vood products; furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass pro ducts; primary metal industries; fabricated metal products; machinery; electrical machinery; trans portation equipment; instruments and related pro ducts; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries as defined. This definition is consistent vith that used by other Federal agencies, e.g., Federal Re serve Board. speculative builders, subdividers, and developers; and agents and brokers). GOVERNMNT - Covers Federal, State, and local govern ment establishments performing legislative, execu tive, and judicial functions, including Government corporations, Government force-account construction, and such units as arsenals, navy yards, and hospi tals. Federal government employment excludes em ployees of the Central Intelligence Agency. State and local government employment includes teachers, but excludes, as nominal employees, paid volunteer firemen and elected officials of small local units. LABCR TURNOVER: Separations are terminations of employment during the calendar month and are classified according to cause: quits, discharges, layoffs, and miscellaneous separations (including military), as defined belov. Quits are terminations of employment during the calendar month initiated by employees for such reasons as: acceptance of a job in another company, dissatisfaction, return to school, marriage, mater nity, ill health, or voluntary retirement where no company pension is provided. Failure to report aft er being hired and unauthorized absences of more than 7 consecutive calendar days are also clas sified as quits. Prior to 1940, miscellaneous separations were also included in this category. are terminations of employment during the calendar month inititated by the employer for such reasons as employees' incompetence, violation of rules, dishonesty, insubordination, laziness, habitual absenteeism, or inability to meet physical standards. Layoffs are terminations of employment during the calendar month lasting or expected to last more than 7 consecutive calendar days without pay, initi ated by the employer without prejudice to the work er, for such reasons as lack of orders or materials, release of temporary help, conversion of plant, in troduction of labor-saving machinery or processes, or suspensions of operations without pay during inventory periods. ESTABLISHMENT - "A single physical location where busi ness is conducted or where services or industrial operations are performed; for example, a factory, mill, store, mine, or farm. Where a single physical location comprises tvo or more units vhich maintain separate payroll and inventory records and which are engaged in distinct or separate activities for which different industry classifications are provided in the Standard Industrial Classification, each unit shall be treated as a separate establishment. An establishment is not necessarily identical with the business concern or firm vhich may consist of one or more establishments. It is also to be distin guished Arom organizational subunits, departments, or divisions vithin an establishment." (Standard Industrial Classification Mmual, U. S. Bureau of the Budget, Vol. I, Part I, p. 1, November 1945.) Persons on leave of absence (paid or unpaid) with the approval of the employer are not counted as separations until such time as it is definitely de termined that such persons will not return to work. At that time, a separation is reported as one of the above types, depending on the circumstances. FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE - Covers private establishments operating in the fields of finance (banks, security dealers, loan agencies, holding com panies, and other finance agencies); insurance (in surance carriers and independent agents and bro kers); and real estate (real estate owners, including Accessions are the total number of permanent and temporary additions to the employment roll during the calendar month, including both new and rehired employees. Persons returning to work after a layoff, military separations^ or other absences who have been counted as separations are considered accessions. Miscellaneous separations (including military) are terminations of employment during the calendar month because of permanent disability, death, re tirement on company pension, and entrance into the Armed Forces expected to last more than 30 consecu tive calendar days. Prior to 19ii0, miscellaneous separations were included with quits. Beginning September 1940, military separations were included here. 2* MAN-HOURS - Covers man-hours worked or paid for of specified groups of workers, during the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. The specified group of workers in manufacturing and mining indus tries, laundries, and cleaning and dyeing plants is production and related workers; in the contract con struction industry, it is construction workers; and in the other industries, it is nonsupervisory em ployees. The man-hours include hours paid for holi days, sick leave, and vacations taken; if the em ployee elects to work during a vacation period, the vacation pay and the hours it represents are omitted. MANUFACTURING - Covers private establishments engaged in the mechanical or chemical transformation of in organic or organic substances into new products and usually described as plants, factories, or mills, which characteristically use power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment. Establishments engaged in assembling" component parts of manufac tured products are also considered manufacturing if the new product is neither a structure nor other fixed improvement. Government manufacturing opera tions such as arsenals and navy yards are excluded from manufacturing and are included under Government. MINING - Covers establishments engaged in the extrac tion from the earth of Organic and inorganic miner als which occur in nature as solids, liquids, or gases; includes various contract services required in mining operations, such as removal of overburden, tunneling and shafting, and the drilling or acidiz ing of oil wells; also includes ore dressing, beneficiating, and concentration. NONDURABLE GOODS - The nondurable-goods subdivision includes the following major manufacturing industry groups: food and kindred products; tobacco manu factures; textile-mill products; apparel and other finished textile products; paper and allied products; printing, publishing, and allied industries; chemi cals and allied oroducts; products of Detroleum and coal; rubber products; and leather and leather pro ducts. This definition is consistent with that used by other Federal agencies, e.g., Federal Re serve Board. NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES - Includes employees (not above the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical workers, repairmen, salespersons, operators, drivers, attendants, service employees, linemen, laborers, janitors, watchmen, and similar occupational levels, and other employees whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed. PAYROLL - The weekly payroll (except for State and local governments) for the specified groups of fulland part-time employees who worked during, or re ceived pay for, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. The specified group of employees in the manufacturing and mining indus tries, laundries, and cleaning and dyeing plants is production and related workers; in the contract con struction industry, it is construction workers; and in the other industries, it is nonsupervisory employ ees. The payroll is reported before deductions for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, 3=5 withholding tax, bonds, and union dues; also in cludes pay for sick leave, holidays, and vacations taken. Excludes cash payments for vacations not taken, retroactive pay not earned during period re ported, value of payments in kind, and bonuses, un less earned and paid regularly each pay period. The same definition applies to payrolls for State and local governments except that in this case the payrolls are for the entire month and cover all employees, including nominals who are excluded from employment. Furthermore, these payrolls do not re flect the adjustment BLS makes in the State and local government employment estimate for the summer months to include the number of regular full-time teachers on vacation but who are not specifically paid in those months. PRODUCTION AND RELATED WORKERS - Includes working fore men and all nonsupervisory workers (including lead men and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial, watchman services, products development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant), and recordkeeping and other services closely associated with the above production opera tions. REGIONS: North - Includes all States except the 17 listed as South. South - Includes the following 17 States: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, MLssissippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. (In the case of sawmills and planning mills, general, a third region is identified - the West - and in cludes California, Oregon, and Washington.) SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS - Covers establishments pri marily engaged in rendering services to individuals and business firms, including automotive repair services. Excludes domestic service workers. Non government schools, hospitals, museums, etc., are included under service and miscellaneous; similar Government establishments are included under Govern ment. TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES - Covers only pri vate establishments engaged in providing all types of transportation and related services; telephone, telegraph, and other communication services or pro viding electricity, gas, steam, water, or sanitary service. Similar Government establishments are in cluded under Government. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE - Covers establishments en gaged in wholesale trade, i.e., selling merchandise to retailers, and in retail trade, i.e., selling merchandise for personal or household consumption, ! and rendering service incidental to the sales of goods. Similar Government establishments are in cluded under Government. EMPLOYMENT AND EARNtNGS DATA Avaiiabie from BLS free of charge # H!STOR!CAL SUMMARY TABLES for every industry or special series contained in sections A and C When ordering, please specify which industry or special series are wanted - see table for name of industry Similar tables for those industries in section B will be availa ble in late 1955 # STATE EMPLOYMENT 1939- 1954 - Summary tables for each State, by industry division * GUiDE TO EMPLOYMENT STAT!ST!CS OF BLS - Shows the beginning date of all series published and gives each industry definition * TECHNKAL NOTES on: Measurement of Labor Turnover Measurement of Industrial Employment Hours and Earnings in Nonagricultural Establishments The Calculation and Uses of Net Spendable Earnings Series U. S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Division of Manpower and Employment Statistics Washington 25, D. C. Please send the following free of charge: N A M E __________ ORGANIZATION ADDRESS ______ Use this form to renew or begin your subscription to EMPLOYMENT and EARNtNGS ( / ( ^17 ( / renew ) ) myyear ssubscriptionto Emptoyment and Earnings begin ^ Enclosed find $ _____ for ____ subscriptions. (Make check or money order payable to Superintendent of Documents. $3. 50 domestic; $4. 50 foreign^ NAME ORGANIZATION____________________________________________ ADDRESS ____________________________________________________ C IT Y ___________________________________ ZONE_____ STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BLS Regional Director 18 Oliver Street Boston 10, M ass. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BLS Regional Director Room 1000 341 Ninth Avenue New York 1, N. Y. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BLS Regional Director Tenth Floor 105 West Adams Street Chicago 3, 111. U. S DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BLS Regional Director Room 802 630 Sansome Street San Francisco 11, Calif. 10-E
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