Full text of Employment and Earnings : May 1987

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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
In this issue:
Annual averages for
States and areas




May 1987

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
William E. Brock, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of
Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of
Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in
cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief
description of the cooperative statistical programs of the
BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory
Notes. The State agencies are listed on the inside back
cover.
Employment and Earnings may be ordered through the
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per year $22 domestic and $27.50 foreign. Single copy
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Calendar of Features
In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.

Household data
Annual averages
Union affiliation
Revised seasonally adjusted series

Jan.
Jan.
Jan., Feb.

Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons
not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin,
Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans, family
relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty
area data
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.
Establishment data
National annual averages:

Communications on material in this publication should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and Earnings,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C. 20212, or
phone: Gloria P. Green (202) 523-1959. Send correspondence on circulation and subscription matters (including address changes) to the Superintendent of
Documents.

Industry divisions (preliminary)

Jan.

Industry detail (final)

Mar.

Women employees (final)

Mar.

National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and new
seasonal adjustment factors

Second-class postage paid at Washington, D . C , and at
additional mailing addresses.

June

Revised historical national data
State and area annual averages

May

Area definitions

Material in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without
permission.

Supplement1

May

ISSN 0013-6840




State and area labor force data
Annual averages

1

The latest supplement was published in June 1986.

May

Employment and Earnings
Vol. 34 No. 5 May 1987
Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Rosalie K. Epstein

Editors' Note
The national establishment-based series on employment, hours, and earnings in the June issue will reflect the
annual revision to new benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Contents
Page
List of statistical tables . .
Employment and unemployment developments, April 1987

2
5

Statistical tables:

Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data .
Establishment data:
Employment....
Hours and earnings . . .
State and area labor force data .

10
46
81
114

Seasonally adjustedHousehold data .
Establishment data:
Employment....
Hours and earnings .
Productivity data.
Annual averages—States and areas .
Area definitions .
Explanatory notes




37
58
103
Ill
120
148
156

MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page

Employment Status
AAAAAAA-

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

A- 8.
A- 9.
A-10.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1976 to date .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race . . . . . . . . . .
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by
school enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin.
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age .
Employed and unemployed full-and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
Employment status of persons in families by family relationship .

7
8
9
10
13
14
15
17
18
19

Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-l 1.
A-12.
A-l3.
A-14.
A-l5.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.

Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex .
Unemployed persons by occupation and sex .
Unemployed persons by industry and s e x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment.
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment.
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used .

20
21
22
23
24
24
25
26
27
27

Characteristics of the Employed
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.

Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex.
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age .
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and s e x . . .
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker .
Employed civilians by industry and occupation.
...
.
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status .
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class pf worker and full- or part-time
status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status .

28
29
30
31
32
32
33
33
34
35
36

Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.




Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed
in the United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted . . .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age,
seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age,
and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted
...
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted .
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted...
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted.
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted.

37
38
39
40
41
41
42
42
43
43

MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Page

Employment—National
BBBB-

1.
2.
3.
4.

B- 5.
B- 6.
B- 7.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1935 to date .
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry . . . .
.
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted .
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted .
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased, seasonally adjusted.

45
46
57
58
59
60
61

Employment—States and Areas
B- 8.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

62

Hours and Earnings—National
C- 1.
C- 2.

C- 2a.
C- 3.
C- 4.
C- 5.
C- 6.
C- 7.

Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by detailed industry
Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing
....
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted .
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted .
The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or
nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted .

81
84
JQQ
^0\
JQ2
103
104
105

Hours and Earnings—States and Areas
C- 8.

Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and
selected areas .

106

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
C- 9.
C-10.
C-ll.

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry,
seasonally adjusted
Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted . . . .
Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates .

Ill
112
113

MONTHLY STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
D- 1.




Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas .

114

ANNUAL AVERAGES—ESTABLISHMENT DATA
States and Areas, 1984-86
Employment
Page
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

120

Hours and Earnings
2. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and

selected areas .

138

ANNUAL AVERAGES—STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
States and Areas, 1985-86




3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas .

143

Employment and Unemployment
Developments, April 1987

Unemployment declined in April and employment rose
substantially. The overall unemployment rate and the rate
for civilian workers each were down three-tenths of a percentage point to 6.2 percent and 6.3 percent, respectively.
Total civilian employment—as measured by the monthly
survey of households—rose by 470,000 in April, and
nonagricultural payroll employment—as measured by the
monthly survey of establishments—was up by 315,000. The
two employment series have advanced by 2.8 and 2.5 million, respectively, over the past year.
Unemployment
The number of unemployed persons declined by 350,000
in April to a seasonally adjusted level of 7.5 million. The
civilian worker unemployment rate fell by 0.3 percentage
point to 6.3 percent, matching the rates last reached in
January-March of 1980.
Unemployment rates for virtually all labor force groups
declined to their lowest levels for the current expansionary
period. The rates for adult men and adult women each
decreased by three-tenths of a point to 5.5 percent, while
the rate for teenagers edged down to 17.4 percent. Jobless
rates for both whites (5.4 percent) and blacks (13.0 percent)
improved over the month, while the rate for Hispanics (9.2
percent) was about unchanged. (See tables A-33 and A-34.)
Most of the over-the-month decline in unemployment
occurred among those jobless for less than 15 weeks. The
average (mean) duration of unemployment was unchanged
at 14.9 weeks, while median duration edged up to 7 weeks.
(See table A-40.)
Civilian employment and the labor force
Civilian employment rose more than usual in April and,
after adjustment for seasonality, advanced by 470,000 to
111.8 million. Adult women accounted for more than half
of this increase. The proportion of the civilian population
that was employed rose 0.2 percentage point to 61.3 percent. (See table A-33.)
The civilian labor force participation rate, at 65.4 percent,
was unchanged in April. Over the past 12 months, the civilian
labor force has grown by 2.0 million to 119.3 million persons. Adult women have accounted for three-fifths of this
increase.




Industry payroll employment
Total nonagricultural payroll employment rose by 315,000
in April. As usual, the increase was mostly among serviceproducing industries, where there was a gain of 275,000 jobs.
Since April 1986, the industries in this sector have added over
2.5 million workers to their payrolls, accounting for practically all of the over-the-year job growth. (See table B-4.)
Jobs in the services industry increased by 105,000 in April,
with almost half of the gain occurring in business and health
services. Over 1 million jobs have been added in this industry during the past year. Retail trade also posted strong gains,
increasing by about 65,000. Employment grew by 35,000
in the finance, insurance, and real estate industry, with
finance alone rising by 20,000.
In the goods-producing sector, the construction industry
posted a gain of about 25,000 jobs (seasonally adjusted).
Manufacturing employment was little changed, as a decline
in motor vehicles and equipment offset small but widespread
gains elsewhere. Jobs in mining and its oil and gas extraction component have edged up over the last 3 months, in contrast to the large and steady losses of the prior 2 years.
Weekly hours
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls edged down 0.1
hour to 34.7, after seasonal adjustment. Weekly hours in
manufacturing declined by 0.5 hour to 40.5 hours, and factory overtime declined by 0.3 hour to 3.4; both movements
resulted from religious observances in the reference period.
(See table C-5.)
Despite employment gains, declining hours caused the index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls to edge
down 0.1 percent to 120.5 (1977 = 100) in April. This level
was still 2.4 percent higher than a year earlier. (See table C-6.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings were down 0.2 percent in April,
and average weekly earnings declined by 0.5 percent, after adjustment for seasonality. Before seasonal adjustment, hourly
earnings were unchanged at $8.89, while average weekly earnings were down 88 cents to $306.71. (See tables C-l and C-7.)

The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 172.2 (1977 = 100)
in April, seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.2 percent from
March. For the 12 months ended in April, the increase was
2.2 percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two types of




changes unrelated to underlying wage rate movementsfluctuations in manufacturing overtime and interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the
HEI decreased 0.9 percent during the 12-month period ended
in March. (See table C-7.)

Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month

Release date

Reference month

Release date

May

June 5

August

September 4

June

July 2

September

October 2

July

August 7

October

November 6

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1.

Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Year
and
month

Noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Resident
Armed
Forces

Civilian
Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages

19531
1954 .
1955 .
1956 .
1957 .
1958 .
1959 .

109,287
110,463
111,747
112,919
114,213
115,574
117,117

65,246
65,785
67,087
68,517
68,877
69,486
70,157

59.7
59.6
60.0
60.7
60.3
60.1
59.9

63,410
62,251
64,234
65,764
66,019
64,883
66,418

2,231
2,142
2,064
1,965
1,948
1,847
1,788

61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

6,260
6,205
6,450
6,283
5,947
5,586
5,565

54,919
53,904
55,722
57,514
58,123
57,450
59,065

1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

2.8
5.4
4.3
4.0
4.2
6.6
5.3

44,041
44,678
44,660
44,402
45,336
46,088
46,960

I9601
1961 .
19621
1963 .
1964 .
1965 .
1966 .
1967 .
1968 .
1969 .

119,106
120,671
122,214
124,422
126,503
128,459
130,180
132,092
134,281
136,573

71,489
72,359
72,675
73,839
75,109
76,401
77,892
79,565
80,990
82,972

60.0
60.0
59.5
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.8
60.2
60.3
60.8

67,639
67,646
68,763
69,768
71,323
73,034
75,017
76,590
78,173
80,140

1,861
1,900
2,061
2,006
2,018
1,946
2,122
2,218
2,253
2,238

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606

60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.4
6.5
5.4
5.5
5.0
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.4

47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602

1970 .
1971 .
19721
19731
1974 .
1975 .
1976 .
1977 .
19781
1979 .

139,203
142,189
145,939
148,870
151,841
154,831
157,818
160,689
163,541
166,460

84,889
86,355
88,847

103,882
106,559

61.0
60.7
60.9
61.3
61.7
61.6
62.0
62.6
63.5
64.0

80,796
81,340
83,966
86,838
88,515
87,524
90,420
93,673
97,679
100,421

2,118
1,973
1,813
1,774
1,721
1,678
1,668
1,656
1,631
1,597

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347

75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.8
5.8
5.5
4.8
5.5
8.3
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8

54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900

1980 .
1981 .
1982 .
1983 .
1984 .
1985 .
19861

169,349
171,775
173,939
175,891
178,080
179,912
182,293

108,544
110,315
111,872
113,226
115,241
117,167
119,540

64.1
64.2
64.3
64.4
64.7
65.1
65.6

100,907
102,042
101,194
102,510
106,702
108,856
111,303

1,604
1,645
1,668
1,676
1,697
1,706
1,706

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597

3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163

95,938

106,434

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237

7.0
7.5
9.5
9.5
7.4
7.1
6.9

60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752

91,203
93,670
95,453

97,826
100,665

97,030

96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1986:
April
May
June
July
August
September
October ....
November
December

181,843
181,998
182,183
182,354
182,525
182,713
182,935
183,114
183,297

118,987
119,274
119,685
119,789
119,821
119,988
120,163
120,426
120,336

65.4
65.5
65.7
65.7
65.6
65.7
65.7
65.8
65.7

110,664
110,852
111,293
111,559
111,764
111,703
111,941
112,183
112,387

1,695
1,687
1,680
1,672
1,697
1,716
1,749
1,751
1,750

108,969
109,165
109,613
109,887
110,067
109,987
110,192
110,432
110,637

3,199
3,151
3,164
3,124
3,057
3,142
3,162
3,215
3,161

105,770
106,014
106,449
106,763
107,010
106,845
107,030
107,217
107,476

8,323
8,422
8,392
8,230
8,057
8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949

7.0
7.1
7.0
6.9
6.7
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6

62,856
62,724
62,498
62,565
62,704
62,725
62,772
62,688
62,961

183,575
183,738
183,915
184,079

120,782
121,089
120,958
121,070

65.8
65.9
65.8
65.8

112,759
113,122
113,104
113,570

1,748
1,740
1,736
1,735

111,011
111,382
111,368
111,835

3,145
3,236
3,284
3,290

107,866
108,146
108,084
108,545

8,023
7,967
7,854
7,500

6.6
6.6
6.5
6.2

62,793
62,649
62,957
63,009

1987:
January ....
February...
March
April

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for




seasonal variation.
NOTE: Revisions of seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data
(shown in tables A-1 through A-3 and A-32 through A-53) for the most
recent 5-year period are made at the end of each calendar year.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1976 to date
(Numbers in thousands)

Labor force
Sex, year,
and month

Noninstitutional
population

Employed
Number

Percent
of
population

Total

Unemployed
Civilian

Resident
Armed
Forces

Total

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Not in
labor
force

Annual averages
MEN
75,341
76,756
78,107
79,509

1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985

19861

58,756
59,959
61,151
62,215

78.0
78.1
78.3
78.2

54,720
56,291
58,010
59,096

1,582
1,563
1,531
1,489

53,138
54,728
56,479
57,607

2,744
2,671
2,718
2,686

50,394
52,057
53,761
54,921

4,036
3,667
3,142
3,120

6.9
6.1
5.1
5.0

16,585
16,797
16,956
17,293

80,877
82,023
83,052
84,064
85,156
86,025
87,349

1976
1977
19781

62,932
63,486
63,979
64,580
65,386
65,967
66,973

77.8
77.4
77.0
76.8
76.8
76.7
76.7

58,665
58,909
57,800
58,320
60,642
61,447
62,443

1,479
1,512
1,529
1,533
1,551
1,556
1,551

57,186
57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892

2,709
2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511

54,477
54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381

4,267
4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530

6.8
7.2
9.7
9.7
7.3
6.9
6.8

17,945
18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1986:
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

87,120
87,195
87,288
87,373
87,460
87,556
87,682
87,773
87,868

66,770
66,854
66,937
66,968
66,911
67,128
67,130
67,407
67,425

76.6
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.5
76.7
76.6
76.8
76.7

62,253
62,201
62,318
62,402
62,483
62,528
62,565
62,833
62,986

1,541
1,533
1,525
1,518
1,541
1,560
1,590
1,592
1,593

60,712
60,668
60,793
60,884
60,942
60,968
60,975
61,241
61,393

2,572
2,510
2,541
2,486
2,397
2,495
2,513
2,506
2,489

58,140
58,158
58,252
58,398
58,545
58,473
58,462
58,735
58,904

4,517
4,653
4,619
4,566
4,428
4,600
4,565
4,574
4,439

6.8
7.0
6.9
6.8
6.6
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6

20,350
20,341
20,351
20,405
20,549
20,428
20,552
20,366
20,443

88,020
88,099
88,186
88,271

67,672
67,764
67,644
67,603

76.9
76.9
76.7
76.6

63,187
63,335
63,282
63,417

1,591
1,584
1,575
1,575

61,596
61,751
61,707
61,842

2,474
2,544
2,639
2,664

59,123
59,207
59,068
59,178

4,484
4,429
4,362
4,186

6.6
6.5
6.4
6.2

20,348
20,335
20,542
20,668

1987:
January
February
March
April

Annual averages
WOMEN

1976
1977

19781
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983 ...
1984
1985

82,476
83,932
85,434
86,951

39,069
40,705
42,731
44,343

47.4
48.5
50.0
51.0

35,701
37,381
39,669
41,325

86
92
100
108

35,615
37,289
39,569
41,217

588
612
669
661

35,027
36,677
38,900
40,556

3,369
3,324
3,061
3,018

8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

43,406
43,227
42,703
42,608

88,472
89,751
90,887
91,827
92,924
93,886
94,944

45,611
46,829
47,894
48,646
49,855
51,200
52,568

51.6
52.2
52.7
53.0
53.7
54.5
55.4

42,241
43,133
43,395
44,190
46,061
47,409
48,861

124
133
139
143
146
150
155

42,117
43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706

656
667
665
680
653
644
652

41,461
42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054

3,370
3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1

42,861
42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1986:
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

94,723
94,803
94,895
94,981
95,065
95,156
95.253
95,341
95,429

52,217
52,420
52,748
52,821
52,910
52,860
53,033
53,019
52,911

55.1
55.3
55.6
55.6
55.7
55.6
55.7
55.6
55.4

48,411
48,651
48,975
49,157
49,281
49,175
49,376
49,350
49,401

154
154
155
154
156
156
159
159
157

48,257
48,497
48,820
49,003
49,125
49,019
49,217
49,191
49,244

627
641
623
638
660
647
649
709
672

47,630
47,856
48,197
48,365
48,465
48,372
48,568
48,482
48,572

3,806
3,769
3,773
3,664
3,629
3,685
3,657
3,669
3,510

7.3
7.2
7.2
6.9
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.6

42,506
42,383
42,147
42,160
42,155
42,296
42,220
42,322
42.518

1987:
January ....
February...
March
April

95,556
95,639
95,729
95,808

53,110
53,325
53,314
53,467

55.6
55.8
55.7
55.8

49,572
49,787
49,822
50,153

157
156
161
160

49,415
49,631
49,661
49,993

671
692
645
626

48,744
48,939
49,016
49,367

3,538
3,538
3,492
3,314

6.7
6.6
6.6
6.2

42,446
42,314
42,415
42,341

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.




2

The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-3.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date

(Numbers in thousands)
Year
and
month

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployment rates

Civilian labor force
Total

Percent of
population

Employed

Unemployed

Total

Men

Women

Annual averages

19531 .
1954 ...
1955...
1956...
1957...
1958...
1959 ...

107,056
108,321
109,683
110,954
112,265
113,727
115,329

63,015
63,643
65,023
66,552
66,929
67,639
68,369

58.9
58.8
59.3
60.0
59.6
59.5
59.3

61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630

1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740

2.9
5.5
4.4
4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5

2.8
5.3
4.2
3.8
4.1
6.8
5.2

3.3
6.0
4.9
4.8
4.7
6.8
5.9

I9601 .
1961 ...
19621 .
1963...
1964...
1965...
1966 ...
1967...
1968...
1969 ...

117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335

69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734

59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1

65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902

3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832

5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5

5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8

5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7

1970...
1971 ...
19721 .
19731 .
1974...
1975 ...
1976...
1977...
19781 .
1979...,

137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863

82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962

60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7

78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824

4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137

4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8

4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1

5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8

1980 ....
1981 ....
1982....
1983....
1984....
1985....
19861 ..

167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587

106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834

63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3

99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597

7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237

7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0

6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9

7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

1986:
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

180,148
180,311
180,503
180,682
180,828
180,997
181,186
181,363
181,547

117,292
117,587
118,005
118,117
118,124
118,272
118,414
118,675
118,586

65.1
65.2
65.4
65.4
65.3
65.3
65.4
65.4
65.3

108,969
109,165
109,613
109,887
110,067
109,987
110,192
110,432
110,637

8,323
8,422
8,392
8,230
8,057
8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949

7.1
7.2
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7

6.9
7.1
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.7

7.3
7.2
7.2
7.0
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7

181,827
181,998
182,179
182,344

119,034
119,349
119,222
119,335

65.5
65.6
65.4
65.4

111,011
111,382
111,368
111,835

8,023
7,967
7,854
7,500

6.7
6.7
6.6
6.3

6.8
6.7
6.6
6.3

6.7
6.7
6.6
6.2

1987:
January ....
February ...

March
April

1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the




Explanatory Notes.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
April 1987
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

182,344
14,562
7,498
7,064
19,122
98,816
42,220
21,445
20,775
33,531
18,456
15,074
23,064
12,175
10,889
21,864
11,063
10,801
27,982
9,691
7,554
10,736

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Percent
of
population

Employed

118,347
7,341
3,016
4,325
14,750
81,388
35,041
17,746
17,295
28,245
15,552
12,693
18,102
9,915
8,188
11,856
7,180
4,676
3,012
1,825
750
437

64.9
50.4
40.2
61.2
77.1
82.4
83.0
82.8
83.2
84.2
84.3
84.2
78.5
81.4
75.2
54.2
64.9
43.3
10.8
18.8
9.9
4.1

111,041
6,115
2,425
3,690
13,282
77,298
32,926
16,598
16,329
26,988
14,832
12,157
17,383
9,523
7,859
11,399
6,925
4,474
2,948
1,787
735
426

7,306
1,226
591
635
1,468
4,090
2,115
1,148
967
1,256
720
537
719
392
328
457
255
202
64
38
16
11

6.2
16.7
19.6
14.7
10.0
5.0
6.0
6.5
5.6
4.4
4.6
4.2
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.9
3.5
4.3
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.5

63,997
7,221
4,482
2,739
4,372
17,426
7,178
3,699
3,479
5,286
2,905
2,381
4,962
2,260
2,702
10,009
3,883
6,126
24,969
7,866
6,804
10,299

28,710
436
93
343
1,601
12,227
5,107
2,526
2,580
3,758
2,113
1,632
3,361
1,565
1,796
5,098
2,279
2,819
9,349
2,953
2,658
3,738

8,966
5,811
3,833
1,978
1,998
1,125
793
510
284
249
156
93
83
61
22
22
15
7
10
4
2
4

3,058
27
4
23
76
1,096
287
147
140
337
161
175
473
207
266
705
338
366
1,154
260
250
644

23,263
948
552
396
697
2,978
992
516
476
941
461
480
1,046
428
617
4,183
1,250
2,933
14,456
4,649
3,895
5,913

86,696
7,309
3,812
3,496
9,280
48,257
20,751
10,519
10,232
16,347
9,014
7,333
11,159
5,897
5,262
10,273
5,253
5,021
11,577
4,389
3,232
3,956

65,421
3,762
1,576
2,186
7,749
45,106
19,521
9,774
9,747
15,432
8,526
6,906
10,154
5,486
4,668
6,961
4,216
2,745
1,843
1,058
505
280

75.5
51.5
41.3
62.5
83.5
93.5
94.1
92.9
95.3
94.4
94.6
94.2
91.0
93.0
88.7
67.8
80.3
54.7
15.9
24.1
15.6
7.1

61,236
3,077
1,234
1,843
6,949
42,745
18,345
9,151
9,194
14,721
8,128
6,594
9,679
5,237
4,441

4,185
685
342
343
800
2,361
1,176
623
553
711
398
313
475
249
226
292
163
129
48
27
13

6.4
18.2
21.7
15.7
10.3
5.2
6.0
6.4
5.7
4.6
4.7
4.5
4.7
4.5
4.8
4.2
3.9
4.7
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.7

21,274
3,547
2,236
1,311
1,531
3,150
1,230
745
485
915
488
427
1,005
411
594
3,312
1,037
2,275
9,734
3,331
2,727
3,676

559
27
15
13
37
203
79
46
32
72
46
26
52
26
27
89
36
53
203
54
48
101

4,612
3,003
1,942
1,061
1,075
522
398
301
98
92
69
23
32
22
10
10
7
4
2
2

1,694
16
1
15
54
738
198
89
110
239
125
114
301
129
171
441
214
227
445
128
109
208

14,409
500
278
222
365
1,687
555
310
245
512
248
263
621
234
386
2,772
781
1,991
9,084
3,147
2,571
3,367

95,648
7,253
3,686
3,567
9,841
50,559
21,469
10,926
10,543
17,184
9,442
7,741
11,906
6,278
5,627
11,591
5,810
5,781
16,405
5,302
4,322
6,780

52,925
3,579
1,440
2,139
7,000
36,282
15,521
7,972
7,548
12,813
7,026
5,787
7,949
4,429
3,520
4,895
2,964
1,931
1,169
767
245
157

55.3
49.3
39.1
60.0
71.1
71.8
72.3
73.0
71.6
74.6
74.4
74.8
66.8
70.5
62.5
42.2
51.0
33.4
7.1
14.5
5.7
2.3

49,805
3,038
1,191
1,847
6,332
34,553
14,582
7,447
7,135
12,267
6,704
5,563
7,704
4,286
3,418
4,730
2,872
1,857
1,153
756
243
154

3,120
542
249
292
668
1,729
939
525
414
546
322
224
245
143
102
165
92
73
17
11
3
3

5.9
15.1
17.3
13.7
9.5
4.8
61
.
6.6
5.5
4.3
4.6
3.9
3.1
3.2
2.9
3.4
3.1
3.8
1.4
1.4
1.2
2.0

42,723
3,674
2,246
1,429
2,841
14,276
5,948
2,954
2,994
4,371
2,417
1,954
3,957
1,849
2,108

28,151
408
78
330
1,564
12,024
5,028
2,480
2,548
3,687
2,081
1,606
3,309
1,539
1,769
5,009
2,243
2,766
9,146
2,899
2,610
3,637

4,353
2,808
1,891
917
923
603
395
209
186
157
87
70
51
39
12
12
8
3
8
2
2
4

1,364
11
3
8
22
358
88
58
30
98
36
61
172
78
95
264
125
139
709
132
141
436

8,854
447
273
174
332
1,291
437
206
231
429
213
217
425
194
231
1,412
470
942
5,372
1,502
1,324
2,546

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
-..
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

4,053
2,616
1,795
1,031
492
272

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over

1
0



2,846
3,850
15,235
4,535
4,077
6,623

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
April 1987
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

156,676
11,944
6,126
5,818
15,931
84,307
35,604
18,022
17,582
28,857
15,766
13,090
19,847
10,468
9,379
19,294
9,709
9,585
25,200
8,660
6,793
9,747

Not in labor force
Unemployed
Going
to
school

Percent
of
population

Employed

102,168
6,417
2,680
3,737
12,613
69,921
29,805
15,073
14,732
24,415
13,327
11,089
15,700
8,579
7,122
10,477
6,325
4,152
2,740
1,652
681
408

65.2
53.7
43.7
64.2
79.2
82.9
83.7
83.6
83.8
84.6
84.5
84.7
79.1
82.0
75.9
54.3
65.1
43.3
10.9
19.1
10.0
4.2

96,744
5,498
2,208
3,291
11,601
66,850
28,263
14,237
14,027
23,472
12,814
10,657
15,116
8,265
6,851
10,116
6,119
3,997
2,678
1,618
663
397

5,423
918
472
446
1,012
3,071
1,542
837
706
944
513
431
585
314
271
361
205
156
61
33
17
11

5.3
14.3
17.6
11.9
8.0
4.4
5.2
5.6
4.8
3.9
6.3
3.9
3.7
3.7
4.4
3.4
3.2
3.8
2.2
2.0
2.5
2.7

54,509
5,527
3,446
2,081
3,318
14,387
5,799
2,950
2,850
4,441
2,439
2,002
4,146
1,889
2,257
8,817
3,384
5,433
22,460
7,008
6,115
9,338

24,954
334
66
268
1,211
10,387
4,289
2,101
2,189
3,226
1,837
1,390
2,872
1,365
1,562
4,533
2,023
2,510
8,489
2,668
2,401
3,420

6,941
4,457
2,946
1,511
1,601
857
599
396
203
195
118
78
62
46
16
20
13
7
8
2
2
3

2,402
27
4
23
52
803
205
103
101
266
128
138
333
146
187
561
267
294
958
204
206
548

20,212
709
429
279
454
2,340
706
349
357
755
366
388
880
336
544
3,703
1,082
2,621
13,005
4,133
3,505
5,367

75,045
6,017
3,133
2,885
7,793
41,676
17,720
8,950
8,770
14,245
7,807
6,438
9,711
5,138
4,573
9,123
4,651
4,472
10,436
3,945
2,917
3,573

57,151
3,277
1,388
1,889
6,644
39,321
16,860
8,419
8,441
13,543
7,440
6,103
8,919
4,831
4,088
6,212
3,772
2,440
1,696
977
457
263

76.2
54.5
44.3
65.5
85.3
94.4
95.1
94.1
96.3
95.1
95.3
94.8
91.8
94.0
89.4
68.1
81.1
54.6
16.3
24.8
15.7
7.4

53,961
2,757
1,115
1,641
6,074
37,500
15,963
7,942
8,021
13,006
7,153
5,853
8,531
4,624
3,907
5,981
3,635
2,346
1,649
951
442
256

3,190
521
273
248
570
1,821
897
478
420
536
287
249
388
207
181
231
137
94
47
25
14
8

5.6
15.9
19.6
13.1
8.6
4.6
5.3
5.7
5.0
4.0
3.9
4.1
4.3
4.3
4.4
3.7
3.6
3.8
2.8
2.6
3.1
2.9

17,894
2,740
1,745
995
1,149
2,354
860
531
329
703
367
336
792
307
485
2,911
879
2,032
8,739
2,969
2,462
3,309

432
19
9
10
21
142
49
31
18
59
37
21
35
22
13
73
30
43
177
46
41
89

3,576
2,342
1,523
819
859
368
288
234
55
63
47
17
16
8
8
8
4
4

1,338
16
1
15
36
558
143
67
76
188
96
93
227
98
129
364
176
188
364
104
94
166

12,548
363
211
152
233
1,286
379
199
180
393
187
205
515
179
336
2,467
669
1,798
8,199
2,818
2,327
3,054

81,631
5,926
2,993
2,933
8,138
42,631
17,884
9,072
8,812
14,611
7,959
6,652
10,136
5,330
4,806
10,171
5,058
5,113
14,765
4,715
3,876
6,174

45,017
3,139
1,291
1,848
5,969
30,600
12,945
6,654
6,291
10,873
5,887
4,986
6,782
3,748
3,034
4,265
2,553
1,712
1,044
675
224
145

55.1
53.0
43.1
63.0
73.4
71.8
72.4
73.3
71.4
74.4
74.0
75.0
66.9
70.3
63.1
41.9
50.5
33.5
7.1
14.3
5.8
2.3

42,783
2,742
1,092
1,649
5,527
29,350
12,300
6,295
6,006
10,465
5,661
4,804
6,585
3,641
2,944
4,135
2,485
1,650
1,029
667
221
141

2,234
397
199
198
442
1,250
645
359
286
408
226
182
197
107
90
130
68
62
14
8
3
3

5.0
12.7
15.4
10.7
7.4
4.1
5.0
5.4
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
2.9
2.9
3.0
3.1
2.7
3.6
1.4
1.2
1.3
2.3

36,615
2,787
1,702
1,086
2,169
12,033
4,939
2,419
2,521
3,739
2,072

24,523
315
57
259
1,190
10,245
4,240
2,070
2,171
3,167
1,790
1,377
2,837
1,340
1,497
4,461
1,993
2,467
8,313
2,622
2,360
3,331

3,365
2,115
1,423
692
742
489
311
162
148
132
71
61
46
38
8
11

1,064
11
3
8
16
245
61
36
25
78
32
45
106
48
58
197
91
106
594
100
112
382

7,663
346
218
128
221
1,054
327
150
177
362
179
183
365
157
208
1,237
413
824
4,806
1,315
1,178
2,313

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over




3,354
1,582
1,772
5,906
2,505
3,400
13,721
4,039
3,653
6,029

1
1

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
April 1987
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Not in labor force
Unemployed

Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

62.3
35.6
24.4
47.7
67.4
79.3
80.1
79.1
81.1
81.9
83.0
80.4
73.6
77.3
69.5
53.0
62.0
43.0
95
.
16.4
55
.

11,024
490
165
325
1,329
7,945
3,612
1,826
1,787
2,644
1,521
1,124
1,688
936
752
1,042
646
395
219
135
84

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going
to
school

Unable
to
work

Other
reasons

594

2,583
211
101
110
209
549
251
145
106
160
82
79
138
78
60
410
146
264
1,204
437
766

BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

20,279
2,158
1,118
1,040
2,591
11,095
5,117
2,651
2,465
3,530
2,033
1,497
2,448
1,295
1,153
2,094
1,098
995
2,341
854
1,488

12,639
769
273
496
1,747
8,793
4,098
2,098
2,000
2,893
1,688
1,204
1,801
1,001
801
1,109
680
428
222
140
82

1,615
279
108
171
418
848
486
272
213
249
168
80
114
65
49
67
34
33
3
5

12.8
36.3
39.6
34.4
23.9
9.6
11.8
13.0
10.6
8.6
10.0
6.6
6.3
6.5
61
.
61
.
5.0
7.7
1.5
3.6

7,640
1,389
845
544
844
2,303
1,018
553
465
637
344
293
647
296
351
985
418
567
2,119
714
1,405

2,968
92
25
67
348
1,362
591
314
276
389
216
173
382
163
218
439
200
238
727
226
502

1,496
1,086
719
367
266
141
102
53
49
28
16
11
11
6
4
2
2
1

21
252
74
41
33
61
30
30
117
49
69
134
70
65
187
51
137

1

Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years ..,
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over .....

9,095
1,062
563
499
1,180
4,968
2,310
1,197
1,112
1,571
905
666
1,087
575
512
942
497
445
943
371
572

6,360
402
153
249
898
4,347
2,028
1,035
993
1,399
808
591
919
496
423
594
351
243
120
66
54

69.9
37.9
27.3
49.9
76.1
87.5
87.8
86.4
89.3
89.1
89.3
88.7
84.5
86.2
82.7
63.1
70.7
54.5
12.7
17.8
94
.

5,532
257
91
166
690
3,913
1,801
914
887
1,263
720
544
849
463
386
553
335
218
119
64
55

828
145
62
83
208
434
227
121
106
136
89
47
70
33
37
41
17
25
1
2

13.0
36.1
40.4
33.5
23.2
10.0
11.2
11.7
10.7
9.7
11.0
8.0
7.6
6.6
8.8
7.0
4.7
10.2
.6

2,734
659
410
250
283
622
281
162
119
172
97
75
168
80
88
348
145
203
823
305
518

107
9
5
3
11
52
25
14
11
10
7
3
17
3
13
11
5
6
24
8
16

731
527
347
180
136
66
46
27
19
12
9
3
8
6
2
2
2

318

11,184
1,096
555
541
1,411
6,127
2,807
1,454
1,353
1,959
1,128
831
1,361
720
641
1,152
602
550
1,398
483
916

6,279
366
119
247
849
4,446
2.07C
1,063
1,007
1,494
880
613
882
505
378
515
329
186
102
74
28

56.1
33.4
21.5
45.7
60.2
72.6
73.7
73.1
74.4
76.2
78.1
73.7
64.8
70.1
58.9
44.7
54.7
33.8
73
.
15.3
31
.

5,492
233
73
160
639
4,032
1,812
912
900
1,381
801
580
839
473
366
489
311
177
100
71
29

787
133
46
87
210
414
258
151
107
113
79
33
44
32
12
26
18
8
3
3

12.5
36.4
38.6
35.3
24.7
9.3
12.5
14.2
10.6
7.5
9.0
5.5
5.0
6.3
3.1
5.1
5.4
4.5
2.5

4,906
730
436
294
562
1,681
737
391
346
465
247
218
479
216
263
637
273
364
1,296
409
887

2,861
83
20
64
337
1,310
566
300
265
379
209
170
365
160
205
428
196
232
703
218
486

764
559
372
187
130
75
56
26
30
16
7
8
3

277

17
153
49
21
28
43
26
16
61
27
34
72
38
34
76
23
54

1,578
123
57
66
118
351
161
100
61
107
55
53
83
44
39
263
100
163
723
274
448

Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over

Data not shown where base i less than 75,000.
s

12



0

4
99
25
20
5
18
4
14
56
22
35
62
31
31
111
28
83

1,005
88
44
44
91
198
90
45
45
53
27
26
55
34
21
147
46
101
481
163
318

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
April 1987
Civilian labor force
Age and sex

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Total

25,667
2,618
1,372
1,246
3,191
14,507
6,615
3,423
3,193
4,674
2,690
1,984
3,218
1,708
1,510
2,570
1,354
1,217
2,781
1,032
760
989

16,179
924
337
587
2,137
11,467
5,236
2,673
1,379
3,829
2,225
1,605
2,402
1,336
1,066
1,379
855
524
272
174
70
29

63.0
35.3
24.5
47.2
67.0
79.0
79.2
78.1
43.2
81.9
82.7
80.9
74.6
78.2
70.6
53.6
63.2
43.0
98
.
16.9
92
.
29
.

14,296
616
217
399
1,681
10,448
4,663
2,361
2,302
3,517
2,017
1,499
2,267
1,258
1,008
1,283
806
477
270
169
71
29

210
7
5
2
22
117
51
20
31
35
23
11
31
8
22
43
19
25
21
7
7
6

11,651
1,291
680
612
1,487
6,581
3,031
1,569
1,462
2,102
1,207
895
1,448
759
689
1,150
602
548
1,141
444
314
383

8,270
484
188
296
1,106
5,785
2,660
1,354
1,306
1,890
1,086
804
1,235
655
580
749
444
305
147
82
48
17

71.0
37.5
27.7
48.4
74.3
87.9
87.8
86.3
89.3
89.9
90.0
89.8
85.3
86.3
84.1
65.1
73.7
55.7
12.9
18.4
15.3
44
.

7,275
320
119
201
876
5,245
2,382
1,209
1,173
1,715
975
740
1,148
613
534
688
418
270
146
80
49
17

174
7
5
2
22
89
37
13
24
26
16
9
26
8
18
36
12
24
20
7
7
6

14,017
1,327
693
634
1,703
7,926
3,584
1,854
1,731
2,572
1,483
1,089
1,770
949
821
1,420
752
668
1,640
588
446
606

7,909
440
149
291
1,031
5,682
2,576
1,319
1,257
1,940
1,139
801
1,167
681
486
629
411
218
126
92
22
12

56.4
33.2
21.5
45.9
60.5
71.7
71.9
71.1
72.6
75.4
76.8
73.6
65.9
71.8
59.2
44.3
54.7
32.7
77
.
15.6
49
.
20
.

7,022
296
98
197
805
5,203
2,281
1,152
1,129
1,802
1,042
759
1,119
645
474
595
387
207
123
89
22
12

Employed
Percent
of
population

Total

Agriculture

Unemployed

Not in
labor
force

Number

Percent
of
labor
force

14,086
609
212
397
1,658
10,331
4,612
2,341
2,271
3,482
1,993
1,489
2,236
1,250
986
1,239
787
452
249
162
64
23

1,883
308
119
188
456
1,019
573
311
262
312
207
105
135
78
58
96
50
46
3
5

11.6
33.3
35.5
32.1
21.3
8.9
10.9
11.6
19.0
8.2
9.3
6.5
5.6
5.8
5.4
7.0
5.8
8.8
1.0
2.9

9,488
1,694
1,036
658
1,054
3,040
1,379
750
630
845
465
379
816
372
445
1,192
499
693
2,509
858
689
961

7,101
313
114
200
854
5,156
2,345
1,196
1,149
1,689
958
731
1,122
605
516
652
407
246
126
73
42
11

996
164
69
95
230
540
279
145
134
175
111
63
87
42
46
61
26
35
1
2

12.0
33.8
36.7
32.0
20.8
9.3
10.5
10.7
10.2
9.2
10.2
7.9
71
.
6.4
7.9
8.2
5.8
11.5
.4
2.1

3,380
807
492
315
382
796
371
215
156
212
121
91
213
104
109
401
158
243
994
362
265
367

6,985
296
98
197
805
5,175
2,267
1,145
1,122
1,793
1,035
758
1,115
645
470
587
380
207
123
89
22
12

887
144
50
94
226
479
294
166
128
138
96
42
48
36
12
35
24
11
2
3

11.2
32.8
33.9
32.2
21.9
8.4
11.4
12.6
10.2
7.1
8.5
5.2
4.1
5.2
2.4
5.5
5.7
5.1
1.8
2.9

6,108
887
544
343
672
2,244
1,009
535
474
632
344
288
603
268
336
791
341
450
1,514
496
424
594

Nonagricultural
industries

TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years .......
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years ....
30 to 34 years ....
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years ....
40 to 44 years ....
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years ....
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ...
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over.
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years ....
30 to 34 years ....
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years ....
40 to 44 years ....
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years ....
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ...
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over.
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years ....
30 to 34 years ....
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years ....
40 to 44 years ....
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years ....
50 to 54 years ....
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over ...
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over.
1

1
28
14
7
7
9
7
2
5
4
8
7
1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




13

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over

Total
Employment status and
race

Women, 20 years and
over

Both sexes, 16 to 19
years

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

180,148
116,317
64.6
108,201
3,121
105,080
8,115
7.0
63,831

182,344
118,347
64.9
111,041
3,223
107,817
7,306
6.2
63,997

78,309
60,801
77.6
57,010
2,298
54,713
3,791
6.2
17,508

79,387
61,660
111
58,159
2,397
55,762
3,501
5.7
17,727

87,355
48,047
55.0
45,120
554
44,566
2,927
6.1
39,308

88,395
49,346
55.8
46,767
557
46,210
2,579
5.2
39,049

14,484
7,468
51.6
6,071
270
5,801
1,397
18.7
7,016

14,562
7,341
50.4
6,115
269
5,845
1,226
16.7
7,221

155,122
100,528
64.8
94,533
2,909
91,623
5,996
6.0
54,594

156,676
102,168
65.2
96,744
3,013
93,731
5,423
5.3
54,509

68,255
53,279
78.1
50,413
2,140
48,273
2,867
5.4
14,976

69,028
53,874
78.0
51,205
2,231
48,974
2,669
5.0
15,154

74,990
40,796
54.4
38,682
519
38,164
2,114
5.2
34,194

75,705
41,877
55.3
40,041
520
39,521
1,836
4.4
33,828

11,878
6,453
54.3
5,438
251
5,187
1,015
15.7
5,425

11,944
6,417
53.7
5,498
262
5,236
918
14.3
5,527

19,916
12,579
63.2
10,737
153
10,584
1,842
14.6
7,337

20,279
12,639
62.3
11,024
145
10,879
1,615
12.8
7,640

7,873
5,890
74.8
5,098
120
4,978
792
13.4
1,983

8,033
5,958
74.2
5,275
119
5,157
683
11.5
2,075

9,906
5,839
58.9
5,135
22
5,113
703
12.0
4,068

10,088
5,912
58.6
5,259
22
5,236
653
11.1
4,176

2,137
850
39.8
504
11
493
346
40.7
1,287

2,158
769
35.6
490
3
487
279
36.3
1,389

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
April 1987
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

16,139
11,313
4,826

7,726
4,960
2,766

47.9
43.8
57.3

6,762
4,196
2,566

1,107
333
774

5,655
3,862
1,793

964
764
200

209
111
98

755
653
102

12.5
15.4
7.2

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

9,233
6,906
5,947
959

3,908
3,818
2,957
861

42.3
55.3
49.7
89.8

3,215
3,547
2,743
805

200
907
379
528

3,015
2,641
2,364
276

693
271
214
57

91
118
78
40

602
153
136
17

17.7
7.1
7.2
6.6

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

8,179
5,754
2,425

3,818
2,479
1,339

46.7
43.1
55.2

3,310
2,074
1,236

568
181
388

2,741
1,893
848

508
406
103

119
57
62

389
349
41

13.3
16.4
in

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

4,851
3,327
2,878
449

2,049
1,769
1,356
412

42.2
53.2
47.1
91.7

1,669
1,640
1,258
382

121
447
179
268

1,548
1,193
1,080
113

380
128
98
30

51
68
47
21

329
60
51
9

18.5
7.3
7.3
7.3

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

7,961
5,560
2,401

3,908
2,481
1,427

49.1
44.6
59.5

3,453
2,122
1,330

539
153
386

2,914
1,969
945

456
359
97

90
54
36

365
304
61

11.7
14.5
6.8

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

4,382
3,579
3,069
510

1,859
2,050
1,600
449

42.4
57.3
52.1
88.1

1,545
1,907
1,485
423

79
460
200
260

1,466
1,447
1,285
163

313
142
116
27

41
50
31
19

273
93
85
8

16.9
6.9
7.2
5.9

13,377
9,326
4,051

6,821
4,431
2,390

51.0
47.5
59.0

6,110
3,838
2,271

969
298
671

5,140
3,540
1,600

711
593
119

131
79
52

580
514
66

10.4
13.4
5.0

Men
Women

6,799
6,578

3,362
3,459

49.4
52.6

2,985
3,125

499
470

2,486
2,654

377
334

74
57

303
277

11.2
9.7

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

7,462
5,915
5,096
819

3,444
3,377
2,629
748

46.2
57.1
51.6
91.4

2,916
3,194
2,481
712

179
791
320
471

2,737
2,403
2,161
242

528
183
147
36

58
74
49
25

471
110
99
11

15.3
5.4
5.6
4.8

2,131
1,606
525

698
433
265

32.8
26.9
50.5

475
280
195

98
24
74

377
256
121

223
153
70

70
30
40

153
123
30

32.0
35.4
26.5

Men
Women

1,041
1,090

349
349

33.5
32.0

235
240

48
50

187
190

114
109

39
31

75
78

32.7
31.3

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

1,444
686
574
112

383
315
228
87

26.5
45.9
39.7
77.3

238
236
167
69

13
84
40
44

225
152
127
25

145
79
61
18

27
43
28
15

117
36
33
3

37.8
24.9
26.6
20.6

1,228
921
307

462
277
185

37.6
30.0
60.4

390
223
166

71
14
58

318
210
109

73
53
19

26
13
12

47
40
7

15.7
19.3
10.4

Men
Women

610
618

202
260

33.1
42.1

169
221

26
45

142
176

33
40

16
10

17
30

16.3
15.3

High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students

833
396
297
99

228
234
146
88

27.4
59.2
49.3
89.3

180
210
128
82

4
67
25
43

176
142
103
39

48
25
18
6

14
12
7
5

34
13
11
2

21.0
10.6
12.6
7.2

White
Total, 16 to 24 years ...
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

See footnotes at end of table.




15

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
April 1987
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed

Employed
Total

Percent of
population

Total

Full
time1

Part
time1

Total

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

Percent
of
labor
force

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
17,544
3,248
14,296

14,365
2,381
11,984

81.9
73.3
83.8

12,634
1,919
10,715

10,839
1,428
9,410

1,796
490

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

4,218
9,103
2,768
1,455

2,718
7,732
2,510
1,405

64.4
84.9
90.7
96.5

2,092
6,889
2,320
1,333

1,675
5,900
2,034
1,230

Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

8,410
1,555
6,855

7,693
1,282
6,411

91.5
82.5
93.5

6,717
1,003
5,714

2,210

1,817
4,071
1,145

82.3
93.8
96.8
97.1

Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

4,338
1,183

679

184
71
114

12.0
19.4
10.6

67

72
82
25
4

23.0
10.9
7.6
5.1

976
279
697

924
250
674

52
29
23

12.7
21.8
10.9

100
41

403
458
82
34

378
436
77
33

25
21
5
1

22.2
11.2
7.1
5.1

1,546

1,305

1,730
462
1,268

417
989
286
103

625
843
191
72

553
760
166

6,069
805
5,264

648
198
450

1,415
3,613
1,063
626

1,214
3,307
964
585

201
307

391
1,155

9,134
1,694
7,440

6,671
1,098
5,573

73.0
64.9
74.9

5,917
915
5,002

4,770
623
4,146

1,147
292
855

754
183
571

622
141
481

132
42
90

11.3
16.7
10.3

2,008
4,765
1,585
776

900
3,661
1,365
745

44.8
76.8
86.2
96.0

678
3,276
1,257
707

462
2,593
1,070
645

216

223
385

48
61
20
4

24.7
10.5

109
38

175
324
89
34

14,497
2,617
11,880

12,209
1,986
10,223

84.2
75.9
86.1

10,990
1,660
9,329

9,522
1,269
8,253

1,468
391
1,076

1,219
325
894

1,093
267
827

126
59
67

10.0
16.4
8.7

Men
Women

7,011
7,486

6,560
5,649

93.6
75.5

5,846
5,144

5,336
4,186

510
957

714
505

671
422

43
83

10.9
8.9

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

3,288
7,599
2,294
1,316

2,235
6,606
2,095
1,272

68.0
86.9
91.3
96.6

1,792
6,011
1,972
1,215

1,476
5,174
1,752
1,120

316
837
220
95

443
595
124
57

396
539
105
53

46
56
19

19.8
9.0
5.9
4.5

2,618
552
2,066

1,817
336
1,481

69.4
60.9
71.7

1,344
210
1,134

1,059
128
930

285
82
203

473
126
348

419
115
304

54
11
43

26.0
37.4
23.5

Men
Women

1,201
1,417

951

79.2
61.1

712
632

594
464

118
168

239
234

231
189

9
45

25.2
27.0

Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

802
1,316
394
105

395
975
345
102

49.2
74.1
87.6
97.1

221
750
284
89

142

79

609
225
83

141
59
6

174
225
61

149
200
57
13

25
25
4

44.2
23.1
17.7
12.8

1,983
403
1,580

1,485
276
1,209

74.9
68.6
76.5

1,277
217
1,060

1,119
168
952

157
49
108

209

59
149

193
44
149

15
15

14.0
21.5
12.3

1,027
956

943
542

91.9
56.7

808
468

741
378

67
90

135
74

129
65

6
9

14.3
13.6

969
727
231
56

650
593
191
52

67.1
81.6
82.6

540
513
172
51

477
447
148
47

63
66
25
4

110
80
19

100
76
17

10
4
1

16.9
13.5
9.9

Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

683
186
63

8.0

5.1

White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years

13

Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more

1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and

16



college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employment status of mate Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Civilian labor force

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Unemployed

Employed

Total

Veteran status
and age

Percent of
labor force

Number
Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over

7,724
6,412
1,190
3,163
2,059
1,312

7,816
6,232
968
2,707
2,557
1,584

7,164
6,105
1,116
3,022
1,967
1,059

7,277
5,983
930
2,596
2,457
1,294

6,794
5,778
1,031
2,860
1,887
1,016

6,896
5,670
839
2,475
2,356
1,226

370
327
85
162
80
43

381
313
91
121
101
68

5.2
5.4
7.6
5.4
4.1
4.1

5.2
5.2
9.8
4.7
4.1
5.3

18,176
8,451
5,514
4,211

19,252
8,769
6,110
4,373

17,194
8,039
5,226
3,929

18,164
8,342
5,750
4,072

16,251
7,562
4,964
3,725

17,302
7,924
5,490
3,888

943
477
262
204

862
418
260
184

5.5
5.9
5.0
5.2

4.7
5.0
4.5
4.5

NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data




are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

17

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
April 1987
Unemployed

Employed
Part time

Full time
Sex, age, and race
Total

Full-time
schedules1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time

Total

Voluntary1

Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time

Looking
for
full-time
work

Looking
for
part-time
work

TOTAL

12,610
9,198
3,412

16,613
4,027
2,155
1,871
12,587
2,459
10,127
7,141
2,986

3,448
326
72
254
3,122
639
2,483
2,057
426

5,890
503
114
389
5,388
1,253
4,134
3,727
407

1,415
723
477
246
692
215
477
363
114

960
53
908
154
754
672
83

6,601
2,091
4,509
1,298
3,211
1,808
1,403

5,204
1,942
3,262
1,042
2,220
1,003
1,217

1,397
149
1,247
256
991
805
186

3,595
307
3,288
736
2,552
2,270
282

590
377
213
64
148
91
57

35,723
738
34,985
4,448
30,536
26,745
3,791

621
38
584
85
498
417
82

13,460
2,262
11,199
1,799
9,401
7,391
2,010

11,409
2,085
9,325
1,416
7,909
6,139
1,770

2,051
177
1,874
383
1,492
1,252
240

2,295
195
2,100
517
1,584
1,459
125

825
346
479
151
328
271
57

48,242
877
47,366
4,958
42,407
36,020
6,387

47,442
827
46,616
4,840
41,776
35,464
6,312

800
50
750
118
631
556
75

5,719
1,880
3,840
1,115
2,723
1,480
1,243

4,642
1,774
2,868
923
1,944
841
1,102

1,077
106
972
192
779
639
141

2,727
224
2,503
521
1,983
1,755
228

463
296
166
49
117
66
51

30,717
691
30,025
3,966
26,060
22,676
3,385

30,240
657
29,582
3,916
25,666
22,352
3,315

477
34
443
50
394
324
70

12,066
2,051
10,016
1,562
8,454
6,674
1,780

10,452
1,906
8,547
1,269
7,278
5,673
1,605

1,614
145
1,469
293
1,176
1,001
175

1,603
121
1,481
358
1,123
1,026
97

631
276
355
84
271
224
47

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4,875
89
4,787
554
4,233
3,697
536

4,738
86
4,652
521
4,131
3,603
528

137
3
135
33
102
94
8

656
168
488
136
352
216
136

388
134
254
78
176
83
93

268
34
234
58
176
133
43

712
78
635
192
443
407
36

116
68
49
16
33
26
7

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4,416
63
4,352
451
3,901
3,497
404

4,300
62
4,237
422
3,815
3,419
396

116
1
1T5
29
86
78
8

1,076
169
907
189
717
533
184

709
143
566
106
459
325
134

367
26
341
83
258
208
50

615
68
548
152
396
375
21

171
66
106
58
48
40
8

Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

90,980
1,761
198
1,564
89,217
10,183
79,035
68,099
10,935

89,398
1,671
183
1,488
87,726
9,945
77,781
67,010
10,771

1,582
90
15
76
1,491
238
1,254
1,089
164

20,061
4,353
2,227
2,125
15,709
3,098

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

54,635
986
53,650
5,652
47,998
40,937
7,061

53,675
933
52,742
5,498
47,244
40,265
6,978

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

36,344
776
35,569
4,533
31,034
27,162
3,873

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
,
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

White

Black

Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according

18




to whether they usually work full or part time.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)

April 1987
Not in labor force

Civilian labor force
Unemployed

Family relationship
Total

Percent
of
population

Employed

Percent
of
Number
labor
force

Total

Keeping
house

Going Unable
Other
to
to
reasons
school work

Total, 16 years and over1

96,917

65.5

90,810

6,107

6.3 51,140

23,419

8,197

2,244

17,280

Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force

39,722
25,007
1,026
13,689

78.5
91.8
91.4
61.5

38,110
24,118
873
13,119

1,612
889
153
570

4.1 10,905
3.6 2,247
96
14.9
4.2 8,563

235
97
3
134

233
146
5
82

920
325
22
573

9,517
1,678
66
7,773

Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force

28,376
24,991
1,042
2,343

56.0
65.6
64.6
21.5

27,253
24,118
889
2,247

1,122
873
153
96

4.0 22,252
3.5 13,119
14.7
570
4.1 8,563

18,376
11,701
507
6,168

365
307
13
44

339
121
16
202

3,171
990
33
2,148

Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

13,199
4,899
5,003
3,297

61.3
50.7
74.6
63.8

11,657
4,200
4,503
2,954

1,542
699
500
343

11.7
14.3
10.0
10.4

8,339
4,763
1,704
1,872

753
99
140
514

5,519
4,096
1,267
156

341
12
42
287

1,726
557
255
914

Women who maintain families

6,562

62.2

5,972

590

9.0

3,992

2,815

159

191

827

Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

5,305
1,366
1,616
2,323

57.5
45.7
72.1
58.1

4,407
1,027
1,341
2,039

898
339
275
284

16.9
24.8
17.0
12.2

3,926
1,625
626
1,675

841
90
171
580

1,601
1,272
246
83

296
7
23
266

1,188
256
186
746

Men who maintain families

2,082

75.8

1,943

139

6.7

663

36

26

74

527

Relatives in families maintained by men ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

1,671
271
520
879

61.1
47.7
83.7
57.0

1,468
211
448
809

203
60
73
70

12.2
22.2
14.0
8.0

1,063
298
101
664

363
14
24
325

294
231
45
18

83
3
2
78

323
49
31
243

Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in
families where the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family
is in the Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women




who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status
estimates shown in other tables in this publication because of differences
in definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.

19

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men

Marital status, race, and age

Thousands of
persons

Women
Unemployment
rates

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

4,527
1,815
585
2,127

4,185
1,759
528
1,899

12.5

White, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

3,409
1,480
430

3,190
1,448
406

6.0
4.0
8.1

1,499

1,336

Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

960
253
141
566

828
221
108
499

Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,870
1,667

2,701

White, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

2,213

Black, 25 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

555
241
137
177

20



551
651

1,353
400
460

Thousands of
persons

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

7.0
4.4
9.1

6.4
4.2
8.0
11.1

3,588
1,387

3,120

2,587
1,147
538

10.5

5.6
3.9
7.4
9.3

15.2
8.3

13.0
7.1

14.5
24.5

11.2
21.8

5.4
4.2
8.9
8.8

Unemployment
rates
Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

1,206
677
1,238

6.9
4.9
7.5
10.8

5.9
4.1
6.7
9.2

902

2,234
980
485
768

5.9
4.6
6.5
8.4

5.0
3.8
6.0
7.1

882
172
210
500

787
165
183
438

14.1
7.3
12.2
22.9

12.5
7.0
10.3
20.5

5.0
4.1
7.7
7.5

2,240
1,172

695
373

1,911
976
571
364

5.5
4.6
7.2
6.8

4.5
3.6
5.9
6.5

390

4.8
3.8
7.8
7.5

4.4
3.7
7.2
6.1

1,671
970
483
216

1,394
797
400
196

4.8
4.3
6.2
5.1

3.9
3.3
5.2
4.6

475
208
100
167

11.2
8.3
14.3
16.5

9.4
7.0
10.5
14.9

487
147
194
145

443
125
164
155

9.9
6.8
11.7
13.4

8.8
5.7
9.5
13.6

1,628
487
585
2,099
1,335
374

769
1,432

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation

Total

Unemployment rates
Total

Men

Women

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

7,306

7.0

6.2

7.0

6.4

6.9

5.9

568
279
288

596
335
261

2.1
2.2
2.0

2.1
2.5
1.8

1.9
2.0
1.8

2.1
2.4
1.9

2.4
2.5
2.2

2.1
2.8
1.7

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

1,565
121
682
763

1,547
118
696
733

4.4
3.6
5.0
4.1

4.3
3.6
5.0
3.9

3.6
4.0
3.4
3.8

4.0
4.3
3.8
4.3

4.9
3.1
6.7
4.2

4.4
2.8
6.4
3.8

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1,420
80
93
1,247

1,234
57
100
1,076

8.8
7.4
5.1
9.5

7.6
5.6
5.0
8.1

8.3

O

O

5.1
9.5

7.1
5.3
5.0
7.3

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

1,124
241
576
307

941
202
534
206

8.0
5.3
10.9
7.2

6.5
4.4
9.8
4.7

4.2
10.4
11
5.2
10.8
6.4

8.9
7.2
11.1
9.0

6.4
4.4
9.7
3.8

10.3
7.8
18.9
9.8

7.9
3.3
16.2
7.7

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

2,099
913
472
715
173
542

1,855
817
366
672
204
468

11.1
10.6
9.5
13.6
21.0
12.2

9.8
9.4
7.3
12.9
22.2
10.9

10.6
8.7
9.9
13.6
21.0
12.0

9.5
8.1
7.6
13.2
21.8
11.0

12.6
13.3
5.7
13.2

10.6
11.2
4.8
11.3

12.9

10.4

Farming, forestry, and fishing

303

242

8.2

6.5

7.8

6.7

10.5

4.9

No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over

984
652
201
131

846
568
159
119

Apr.
1986
Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

Apr.
1987

8,115

8.8

O

O

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




2
1

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry

Unemployment rates
Men

Total

Total
Apr.
1986

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

7,306

7.0

6.2

7.0

6.4

6.9

5.9

6,184

5,516

7.1

6.2

7.3

6.6

6.9

5.9

138
819

104
778

13.7
13.5

12.3
13.0

14.9
13.8

13.4
13.4

7.6
9.7

6.0
9.1

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Funiture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries

1,503
877
92
50
43
75
92
161

1,339
774
81
55
37
80
111

5.8
6.0
14.3
7.0
5.1
9.0
6.9
5.1
4.1
4.8
6.1
3.6
3.5
4.3
5.5
8.5
4.6
7.4
3.7
3.6
2.7
7.3
6.0

5.4
5.7
11.5
6.4
6.2
7.8
8.7
3.7
5.1
4.1
5.7
2.7
5.4
5.3
4.7
6.5
2.7
4.1
3.6
3.9
4.1
5.5
6.4

7.9
6.9

31
74
47
55
34

6.2
6.1
11.3
7.9
5.9
8.7
9.0
4.2
5.3
4.5
6.5
2.9
5.2
5.7
6.4
9.3
5.0
9.2
3.9
4.3
4.7
4.6
9.0

9.1
8.9
7.2
9.6
10.7
7.6
6.5
9.4
9.2
8.3

121
30
75
59
34
38

6.9
6.7
13.2
7.8
6.5
8.8
6.8
6.1
6.2
5.5
7.0
4.2
4.5
8.1
7.1
11.4
5.4
10.1
4.2
4.3
3.7
7.5
8.2

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries

328
252
76
1,733
240

218
74
1,577
196

1,493
211

1,381
226

1,453
502
951

1,201
414
787

5.5
7.5
3.0
7.8
5.5
8.4
3.1
6.3
3.9
9.4

4.8
6.3
2.9
6.9
4.5
7.5
3.2
5.0
3.1
7.4

6.3
8.4
3.0
7.1
5.4
7.8
3.1
7.0
3.7
9.6

233
713
984

155
789
846

13.1
2.7

8.8
2.9

12.3
2.6

Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience

22




Apr.
1987

8,115

Women

137

151
91
59
33
45
626
211
41

133

106
122
121

79
42
34
27
565
171
38

291

10.6

13.8
9.4
17.5
6.2
11.1
5.8
5.2
5.9
7.9

11.3
4.4
14.4
9.9
5.9
5.6
6.1
9.6
3.2
4.9
6.0
8.8
14.8
7.9
10.9
4.7
4.9
6.2
2.9

12.4

14.3

5.4
7.0
2.7
6.1
3.9
6.9
3.0
6.1
3.4
8.3

3.5
4.4
2.8
8.5
5.9
8.9
3.1
5.9
4.0
9.2

3.5
4.1
3.1
7.9
5.9
8.2
3.3
4.3
2.9
6.6

9.0
3.2

16.3
2.8

8.0
2.4

10.5
6.1
5.9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
unemployed
Reason for unemployment

Women,
20 years
and over

Men,
20 years
and over
Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Both sexes,
16 to 19
years

Apr.
1987

White

Black

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

1,226
209
41
168
103
346
568

5,996
3,108
873
2,235
803
1,463
622

5,423
2,887
753
2,134
685
1,271
580

1,842
844
118
726
161
523
313

1,615
768
156
612
137
466
245

100.0
19.1
3.5
15.6
9.0
25.3
46.6

100.0
17.0
3.3
13.7
8.4
28.3
46.4

100.0
51.9
14.6
37.3
13.4
24.4
10.4

100.0
53.3
13.9
39.4
12.6
23.4
10.7

100.0
45.8
6.4
39.4
8.8
28.4
17.0

100.0
47.5
9.7
37.9
8.5
28.8
15.2

3.6
1.7
4.7
8.7

2.9
1.4
4.7
7.7

3.1
.8
1.5
.6

2.8
.7
1.2
.6

6.7
1.3
4.2
2.5

61
.
11
.
3.7
1.9

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

8,115
4,095
1,020
3,075
996
2,042
982

7,306
3,788
923
2,865
860
1,812
846

3,791
2,618
660
1,958
445
601
126

3,501
2,446
578
1,868
405
571
79

2,927
1,211
311
900
425
1,088
204

2,579
1,133
304
829
353
895
198

1,397
266
49
217
126
353
651

100.0
50.5
12.6
37.9
12.3
25.2
12.1

100.0
51.8
12.6
39.2
11.8
24.8
11.6

100.0
69.1
17.4
51.7
11.7
15.9
3.3

100.0
69.9
16.5
53.4
11.6
16.3
2.3

100.0
41.3
10.6
30.7
14.5
37.2
7.0

100.0
43.9
11.8
32.1
13.7
34.7
7.7

3.5
.9
1.8
.8

3.2
.7
1.5
.7

4.3
.7
1.0
.2

3.9
.7

2.5
.9
2.3
.4

2.3
.7
1.8
.4

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants




23

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
April 1987
Total unemployed

Duration of unemployment

Reason, sex, and age

15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons

Percent

Less than
5 weeks

5 to 14
weeks

Total

15 to 26
weeks

27 weeks
and over

7,306

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

31.4
46.9
26.4
44.1
47.3
49.6

26.1
21.7
27.5
31.2
28.0
30.4

42.6
31.4
46.2
24.7
24.7
20.0

23.3
20.6
24.1
12.2
12.9
9.0

19.3
10.9
22.0
12.4
11.8
11.0

100.0

30.6

26.8

42.5

22.0

20.5

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

26.8
40.0
22.7
42.4
39.2
26.9

25.6
24.5
25.9
27.4
32.1
25.7

47.6
35.5
51.4
30.2
28.6
47.5

25.5
23.2
26.2
13.9
14.0
12.3

22.1
12.3
25.2
16.3
14.6
35.2

100.0

42.9

28.1

29.0

15.4

13.6

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

36.6
54.5
30.0
43.5
49.6
47.6

26.9
18.8
29.9
35.6
26.6
28.6

36.5
26.7
40.1
21.0
23.8
23.8

20.4
17.1
21.7
11.1
11.6
10.6

16.0
9.6

100.0

54.3

29.0

16.8

10.8

6.0

209
41
168
103
346
568

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

15.7

1,226

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

17.8

1,133
304
829
353
895
198

Women, 20 years and over

33.4

2,579

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

27.6

2,446
578
1,868
405
571
79

Men, 20 years and over

38.9

3,501

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

100.0

3,788
923
2,865
860
1,812
846

Total, 16 years and over....

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

56.3

26.9

16.8

13.1

0

0

0

0

48.8
52.7
54.7
53.6

32.5
31.6
24.8
31.7

18.6

3.7
(1)
4.5

Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

15.6
20.5
14.8

14.1
9.6
14.2
8.0

18.4
9.8

12.2
13.2

6.0
6.2
6.8

' Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

A-16. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Total
Duration of unemployment

Thousands of persons

Full-time workers
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Percent distribution

Apr.
1986
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

24



Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

8,115

7,306

100.0

100.0

6,627

5,890

100.0

100.0

3,214
2,395
1,662
733
2,507
1,254
1,253
515
738

2,844
2,020
1,389
632
2,442
1,297
1,145
498
647

39.6
29.5
20.5
9.0
30.9
15.5
15.4
6.3
9.1

38.9
27.6
19.0
8.7
33.4
17.8
15.7
6.8
8.9

2,399
1,984
1,360
624
2,244
1,116
1,128
451
676

2,028
1,653
1,101
551
2,210
1,168
1,042
448
594

36.2
29.9
20.5
9.4
33.9
16.8
17.0
6.8
10.2

34.4
28.1
18.7
9.4
37.5
19.8
17.7
7.6
10.1*

15.8
7.9

16.0
8.3

17.1
8.9

17.5
9.9

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17.

Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Sex, age, race, and
marital status

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks

21
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

Unemployed
less than
5 weeks

Unemployed
15 weeks
and over

Apr.
1986

April 1987

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

39.6
51.3
43.8
39.9
32.0
29.1
29.9
35.9

38.9
54.3
42.0
37.8
31.1
32.2
26.2

0

30.9
18.8
26.9
30.4
38.2
41.6
42.7
32.7

33.4
16.8
27.7
35.4
42.1
43.2
46.9

35.0
48.1
40.2
32.8
26.7
26.2
31.0

33.9
50.4
36.2
33.3
26.4
27.6
20.8

35.7
20.3
32.9
35.8
45.2
44.3
44.9

38.5
18.2
33.4
40.1
46.2
49.9
55.1

45.4
54.8
48.5
48.6
38.3
33.6
28.3

45.7
59.2
48.9
43.4
37.3
41.0
35.7

24.8
17.1
18.9
23.9
29.8
37.4
39.2

26.6
15.0
20.9
29.4
36.8
30.1
32.4

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

7,306
1,226
1,468
2,115
1,256
719
457
64

2,844
665
617
799
391
231
119
21

2,020
355
445
568
336
178
123
16

1,297
132
236
410
266
142
93
18

1,145
74
170
338
263
168
121
10

16.0
88
.
12.6
16.1
20.6
21.2
24.3

8.3
4.6
6.8
8.9
11.8
11.6
13.6

0

O

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,185
685
800
1,176
711
475
292
48

1,418
345
290
392
188
131
61
12

1,155
215
243
313
195
107
70
12

842
73
166
261
157
103
66
15

771
52
100
210
171
134
95
8

18.2
96
.
14.5
17.9
23.1
24.3
28.3

10.1
5.0
8.9
10.9
13.4
15.0

0

0

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

3.120
542
668
939
546
245
165
17

1,426
320
327
408
203
100
59
9

865
140
202
255
141
71
53
4

455
59
70
148
109
39
27
3

375
22
70
128
92
34
26
2

13.0
79
.
10.5
13.9
17.5
15.2
17.3

6.1
4.2
5.2
7.0
9.5
6.6
9.2

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

5,423
3,190
2,234

2,147
1,102
1,044

1,528
880
648

947
642
305

802
565
237

15.5
17.7
12.3

7.8
9.8
5.8

40.6
35.4
47.4

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

1,615
828
787

591
265
326

444
238
206

287
159
128

294
166
127

17.4
19.6
15.1

9.5
10.9
7.9

Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,759
528
1,899

510
140
768

442
147
566

427
100
315

379
142
250

20.2
24.7
14.5

Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)

1,206
677
1,238

558
248
620

309
210
346

194
119
141

146
99
130

13.1
15.8
11.4

0

17.7

0

0

0

0

0

O

0

O

0

39.6
34.6
46.8

30.4
35.8
23.2

32.2
37.8
24.2

37.1
34.3
40.0

36.6
32.0
41.4

32.2
35.6
28.5

36.0
39.3
32.4

13.4
12.5
7.5

29.0
30.6
41.2

29.0
26.4
40.5

41.6
40.2
29.6

45.9
45.8
29.7

6.0
8.4
5.0

43.8
41.5
49.1

46.2
36.7
50.1

27.6
29.1
19.8

28.2
32.2
21.9

0

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




25

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons

Occupation and industry

Total

Less
5 to 14 15 to 26
than
weeks
weeks
5 weeks

Percent of unemployed
in group

Weeks
27
weeks
and
over

Average
(mean)
duration

Median
duration

Unemployed Unemployed
15 weeks
less than
and over
5 weeks
Apr.
1986

April 1987

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

596
1,547
1,234
941
1,855
242

211
603
525
343
632
98

153
455
330
257
491
62

109
290
189
195
383
49

122
200
189
147
349
34

18.4
14.3
15.7
16.7
18.3
14.6

10.6
8.1
7.2
8.7
10.4
7.8

36.5
42.2
42.7
32.6
35.1
41.5

35.5
39.0
42.6
36.4
34.1
40.3

29.9
27.3
27.8
37.4
36.6
29.6

38.8
31.7
30.6
36.3
39.5
34.2

155
793
1,345
780
565
326
1,584
1,661
248

65
266
455
237
218
119
629
694
92

38
210
376
225
151
78
501
388
54

29
213
231
133
98
79
266
306
45

23
104
283
185
98
49
189
271
57

14.7
15.8
19.4
21.1
17.0
16.9
13.6
16.3
19.5

7.0
10.8
10.0
10.9
8.9

7.9
12.2

46.4
30.9
32.7
31.2
34.9
38.7
40.6
42.7
31.8

42.2
33.6
33.8
30.4
38.6
36.4
39.7
41.8
37.0

24.4
42.2
36.8
38.1
34.9
39.8
28.0
26.9
35.6

33.4
39.9
38.2
40.7
34.7
39.5
28.7
34.7
41.2

846

420

257

76

93

12.0

5.1

50.8

49.7

22.5

20.0

INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration
No previous work experience
Includes wage and salary workers only.

26



9.6
7.1

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19.

Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
April 1987
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers

Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race
Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

Employer
directly

Placed
or
answered
ads

Friends
or
relatives

Other

74.8
83.3
75.3
72.9
72.8
75.4
58.6

33.6
22.6
34.3
39.0
34.6
38.6
30.7

16.6
12.7
13.6
17.8
20.9
15.7
23.8

5.0
3.2
5.5
3.8
6.6
4.4
10.4
5.3
1.2
6.5
4.7
7.3
3.6
13.4

Average
number of
methods
used

1.59
1.37
1.57
1.66
1.71
1.71
1.57

Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

7,306
1,226
1,468
2,115
1,256
719
457
64

6,255
1,172
1,286
1,772
1,049
549
374
53

22.1
12.5
21.3
25.2
26.6
24.4
27.0

7.1
2.8
7.2
7.2
9.2
12.2
6.4

O

0

0

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over

4,185
685
800
1,176
711
475
292
48

3,504
659
672
967
575
359
231
41

23.7
14.6
22.9
26.2
28.5
24.0
32.0

6.8
3.5
5.8
6.2
9.9
13.4
4.8

75.7
83.8
76.3
74.9
74.6
75.5
55.8

32.7
26.1
32.6
38.3
32.3
35.7
26.4

18.3
14.6
14.6
19.3
24.0
16.2
25.1

3,120
542
668
939
546
245
165
17

2,752
513
614
804
475
190
143
12

20.1
9.7
19.5
24.1
24.0
25.3
18.9

7.4
1.9
8.6
8.5
8.2
9.5
9.8

73.6
82.7
74.3
70.6
70.5
75.3
62.9

34.8
17.9
36.3
39.9
37.3
44.2
37.8

14.5
10.3
12.5
15.9
17.1
14.7
21.7

0

0

White, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women

5,423
3,190
2,234

4,567
2,622
1,945

21.4
23.2
19.0

7.5
7.3
7.8

75.4
76.5
73.8

35.0
33.6
36.8

16.4
18.1
14.1

5.0
5.5
4.3

1.61
1.64
1.56

Black, 16 years and over ..
.
Men
Women

1,615
828
787

1,452
729
723

24.5
27.3
21.7

5.6
5.1
6.1

75.6
75.7
75.4

29.3
29.4
29.0

16.7
18.0
15.4

4.5
4.0
5.0

1.56
1.59
1.53

Women, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years
20
25
35
45
55
65

to 24 years
to 34 years
to 44 years
to 54 years
to 64 years
years and over

0

0

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within

A-20.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1.62
1.44
1.59
1.69
1.77
1.68
1.58

0

O

4.5
6.0
4.4
2.9
5.7
5.8
5.6

1.55
1.29
1.56
1.62
1.63
1.75
1.57

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
April 1987
Thousands of persons
Sex and reason

Public
employment
agency

Private
employment
agency

878
1,689
839

22.1
27.7
18.9
20.5
9.5

3,504
1,950
475
704
376
2,752
901
403
985
463

Total
unemployed

Total
jobseekers

Total, 16 years and over ...
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

7,306
3,788

6,255
2,851

860
1,812
846

Men, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

4,185
2,571
470
765

Women, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3,120
1,217

380

390
1,047
466

Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Employer
directly

Friends
or
relatives

Other

7.1
8.3
8.2
7.1
1.9

74.8
77.6
70.8
70.3
78.5

33.6
36.0
41.6
32.0
20.7

16.6
18.5
13.4
16.6
13.6

5.0
4.9
3.8
6.3
3.8

1.59
1.73
1.57
1.53
1.28

23.7
28.2
22.7
19.2
9.8

6.8
7.5
6.3
7.4
2.7

75.7
78.3
72.0
69.9
77.7

32.7
33.7
42.7
28.3
23.4

18.3
18.5
16.6
20.2
15.7

5.3
5.0
3.8
8.5
2.9

1.62
1.71
1.64
1.53
1.32

20.1
26.6
14.4
21.7
9.1

7.4
10.0

73.6
76.0
69.2
70.5
79.3

34.8
40.8
40.2
34.6
18.6

14.5
18.4
9.7
14.1
11.9

4.5
4.8
3.7
4.8
4.5

1.55
1.77
1.48
1.52
1.25

Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within




Average
number of
methods
used

Placed
or
answered
ads

10.4
6.8
1.3

30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.

27

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Men

Total
Industry and age

All industries

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years

55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
Nonagricultural industries
16 to 19 years

16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

108,201
6,071
2,417
3,653

111,041

60,124

6,115
2,425

3,114
1,248

61,236
3,077

48,077
2,957

13,506

13,282

74,361
31,934
25,554
16,874
11,322

77,298

1,866
7,054
41,548

1,234
1,843
6,949
42,745
18,345
14,721

1,170

3,690

49,805
3,038
1,191
1,847
6,332
34,553

32,926

26,988
17,383

17,941
14,117

9,490
6,635
3,991
2,644

2,941

11,399
6,925
4,474
2,948

3,121
270
126
144
394

3,223
269
125
144
398

2,536
239
111
128
333

1,730
717
521
492
428
242
186
300

1,810
767
558
485
443
244
198
304

1,341
587
390
364
359
199
160
265

105,080
5,801

107,817

57,588
2,875

6,863
4,459

2,291
3,509
13,112
72,631

5,845
2,300
3,545
12,884
75,488

1,773

1,137
1,739
6,721
40,206

31,217
25,033

32,159

17,354

35 to 44 years

26,431

45 to 54 years

16,382

55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years

10,894
6,621
4,273
2,641

16,898
10,956
6,681
4,275
2,644

13,726
9,126
6,276
3,793
2,484
1,508

60 to 64 years
65 years and over

28



Women

9,679
6,669
4,053
2,616
1,795

1,787
6,452
32,813

13,992

14,582

11,437
7,383
4,687
2,872

12,267
7,704
4,730
2,872

1,815

1,857
1,153

1,168

2,638
241
118
123
360
1,418
620
432
366
352
183
169
267

585
31
15

58,598
2,836
1,116
1,720
6,590
41,326
17,725

47,492

14,289
9,313
6,317
3,870
2,448

1,529

16
61
388

130
131
127
70
44
26
35

2,926
1,155
1,771

6,391
32,425
13,863
11,306
7,256

586
29
7
22
38
391

147
125
119

91
61
30
37
49,219
3,009
1,184
1,825

6,294
34,162

14,434

4,617
2,828

12,142
7,585
4,639
2,811

1,789

1,828

1,133

1,116

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Men

Total

Occupation

16 years
and over
Apr.
1986

Total ...

Apr.
1987

16 years
and over
Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Women
20 years
and over

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

16 years
and over
Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

20 years
and over
Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

108,201 111,041 60,124 61,236 57,010 58,159 48,077 49,805 45,120 46,767

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration .
Other executive, administrative, and managerial ...
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations

26,524 27,418 15,119 15,226 15,059 15,13! 11,404 12,192 11,308 12,082
8,002 8,09:
12,488 12,981
7,971 8,045 4,486 4,888 4,447 4,842
54;
335
336
496
206
161
335
336
161
206
(
8,928 5,755
8,512
5,936 5,731 5,89;
2,757 2,992 2,733 2,964
3,480 3,511
1,554 1,672
1,912
1,820
1,906 1,817 1,568 1,691
14,036 14,437 7,118
7,134
7,087 7,089 6,918 7,303 6,860 7,240
1,679
1,582
1,563
1,681
1,582 1,563
116
98
116
99
713
424
446
673
267
249
422
445
249
265
349
406
80
270
307
99
80
306
270
99
798
715
627
627
675
88
675
88
123
123
2,213
314
288
1,990
314
288 1,676 1,925 1,675 1,923
712
709
462
468
462
247
245
241
468
244
3,828 3,649 1,049
1,000
1,047
992 2,779 2,649 2,753 2,625
714
651
521
129
150
562
521
562
130
153
3,383 3,608 1,831
1,806 1,827 1,552 1,746 1,524 1,717
1,862

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science.
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services .
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical

33,883 34,498 11,889 12,117 11,327 11,562 21,994 22,381 20,362 20,754
3,269 3,186
1,713
1,654
1,689 1,637 1,556 1,532 1,535 1,526
1,054
1,099
185
168
182
166
913
909
886
886
1,089
1,174
925
858
917
850
249
242
230
231
1,042
996
602
627
590
620
394
385
410
414
12,975 13,164 6,727 6,969 6,405 6,618 6,249 6,196 5,351 5,240
3,439 3,479 2,420
2,376
2,409 2,368 1,019 1,103
997 1,083
2,238
2,199
1,266
1,353
1,256 1,339
932
898
851
885
1,563
1,534
1,239
1,328
1,232 1,308
294
235
290
234
5,733 5,839
1,776
1,898
1,486 1,589 3,957 3,941 3,129 3,040
46
71
25
13
46
22
13
33
37
32
17,639 18,148 3,449 3,495 3,232 3,307 14,190 14,653 13,475 13,988
685
651
271
294
380
270
292
392
379
390
923
266
828
302
252
294
562
537
621
588
5,063
78
4,787
78
65
71 4,709 4,985 4,469 4,784
2,510
230
234
2,592
219
223 2,362 2,276 2,303 2,237
955
586
632
898
564
312
296
601
323
313
2,018
1,955
7,883 8,012
1,863 1,826 5,865 6,057 5,491 5,676

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective .
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service

14,639 15,082
1,009
960
1,739
1,886
11,892 12,236
5,256
5,136
1,933
1,814
2,845 2,847
2,097 2,200

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair.

12,993
4,326
4,702
3,964

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations .




5,744
50
1,536
4,158
1,878
199
1,689
391

5,898
31
1,619
4,248
1,954
186
1,690
418

4,850
33
1,506
3,312
1,272
180
1,507
352

5,018
24
1,592
3,402
1,327
170
1,536
369

8,895
959
203
7,733
3,258
1,614
1,156
1,705

9,185
929
267
7,988
3,303
1,747
1,157
1,782

7,869
775
190
6,904
2,674
1,533
1,092
1,604

8,103
756
251
7,096
2,676
1,674
1,091
1,656

13,469 11,889 12,278 11,591 11,988
4,381
4,222 4,067
4,159
4,118
4,894
4,800 4,461
4,620
4,657
4,193
3,256 3,063 3,214
3,110

1,103
167
82
854

1,191
159
95
937

1,079
163
82
833

1,161
158
94
908

16,765 17,076 12,589 12,716 11,604 11,755
7,715
7,887 4,659 4,712 4,491
4,556
6,523 6,614
3,886 3,921
3,760 3,825
3,605 3,636 2,493 2,498 2,408 2,449
2,918 2,978
1,393
1,423
1,352
1,375
1,193
1,273
774
791
731
731
4,488 4,638 4,061
4,221
3,938 4,078
3,284 3,440 2,896 3,058 2,802 2,934
1,204
1,197
1,165
1,163
1,136
1,143
4,562 4,551
3,869 3,783 3,175 3,121
651
714
634
589
693
639
3,911
3,837 3,236 3,091
2,586 2,482

4,176
3,056
2,637
1,112
1,525
419
427
388
39
693
18
675

4,359
3,175
2,693
1,138
1,556
482
417
383
34
767
21
746

4,029
2,971
2,584
1,091
1,493
387
414
375
39
645
18
627

4,206
3,111
2,650
1,126
1,524
461
409
375
34
687
21
666

504
168
335

497
166
331

474
165
309

462
165
297

3,397
1,313
2,084

3,498
1,328
2,171

2,893
1,145
1,748

3,001
1,161
1,839

2,581
1,127
1,454

2,701
1,155
1,547

29

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Men

Total
Occupation and race

Women

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

108,201
100.0

111,041
100.0

60,124
100.0

61,236
100.0

48,077
100.0

49,805
100.0

24.5
11.5
13.0
31.3
3.0
12.0
16.3

24.7
11.7

25.1

24.9

13.3
11.8
19.8
2.8
11.2
5.7

13.2
11.7
19.8
2.7
11.4
5.7

23.7
9.3

24.5
9.8

14.4
45.7
3.2
13.0

14.7
44.9
3.1

9.6

9.6
.1
2.6
6.9

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

13.5
.9
1.6

13.0
31.1
2.9
11.9
16.3
13.6

29.5

12.4
29.4
18.4
1.9
.5
16.0
2.4
8.8
6.4
.8
1.5
1.0

4.8

4.9

18.5
2.0
.4
16.1
2.3
8.7
6.4
.9
1.4
1.0

96,744
100.0

53,193
100.0

53,961
100.0

41,339
100.0

42,783
100.0

25.5
12.2
13.4
31.9
3.0
12.6

25.7
12.3
13.4
31.6

26.2
14.0
12.2
20.2
2.9

25.9

24.6
9.8

25.5
10.3
15.2
46.0

16.2

16.2
12.3
.7

12.1
5.2
8.6

3.8
3.3

11.9
5.4
8.6
.1
2.4
6.1
20.3
19.7
7.4
6.5
5.7
5.0

10,737
100.0

11,024
100.0

14.8
6.3
8.5

14.6
6.3
8.2

27.2
2.7
6.9

27.1
2.1
6.6

17.6
22.9
2.1
2.4

18.4
23.5
2.1
2.9

18.4
9.3
23.8

18.5
9.5
23.4

10.5
5.4
7.8
2.0

10.8
6.2
6.4
1.9

11.0
12.0
15.5
7.1
4.1
4.2

.9
1.7
11.0
12.1

3.1

15.4
7.1
4.2
4.1
3.2

94,533
100.0

.1
2.6

6.9
19.8
20.9
7.7
6.8
6.4

20.1
20.8

7.7
6.9
6.2

White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

12.4
.8

1.5
10.0
12.4
14.5
6.7
4.1
3.8
3.3

2.9
12.5

1.6
10.0

12.5
14.5
6.6
4.0

13.9
12.1
20.1
2.8

14.9

46.9
3.2
13.6
30.1

3.1
13.0

29.9

5.1

17.2
1.7
.4
15.1
2.2
8.0
5.7
.9
1.3
1.1

17.1
1.6
.4
15.0
2.4
8.0
5.7
.8
1.4
1.1

5,364
100.0

5,532
100.0

5,373
100.0

5,492
100.0

13.0
6.7
6.3
15.9

12.6

16.6
5.9

16.5
5.8
10.8
38.4
2.8
8.7
27.0
28.6

O
2.5
6.1
20.6
19.7
7.3
6.6
5.8

Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Less than 0.05 percent.

30



1.7
5.2
9.1
17.2
.1
4.2
13.0

16.0
34.3
11.0
9.7
13.6
3.6

6.9
5.7

15.9
1.4
4.5
10.0
18.4
.1
4.6
13.7
16.7
32.9
11.2
11.1
10.6
3.3

10.8
38.4
3.7
8.7

26.1
28.7
4.0
.7
23.9
2.6
13.3
10.1
1.2
2.0
.4

4.1
1.2
23.2
2.1

13.9
10.4
1.3
2.3
.5

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
April 1987
Agriculture

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers

Age and sex

Total

Private
household Government
workers

Other

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

Wage and
salary
workers

Selfemployed
workers

Unpaid
family
workers

12,570
30,087
24,072
15,203
9,710
5,953
3,757
2,084

1,223
233
170
63
124
192
206
162
188
117
71
117

16,748
329
98
231
1,202
4,393
5,105
3,378
1,966
1,224
742
375

81,524
5,207
2,010
3,197
11,244
25,501
18,761
11,663
7,556
4,612
2,944
1,591

8,052
69
19
50
296
2,023
2,288
1,621
1,218
711
507
538

270
8
3
4
17
49
72
74
28
17
11
23

1,610
206
91
114
325
474
246
178
121
67
54
59

1,452
27
15
12
67
254
290
287
288
152
137
238

162
37
19
18
6
39
21
19
33
26
7
6

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

53,185
2,786
1,099
1,687
6,389
16,372
12,840
8,185
5,466
3,374
2,092
1,148

158
48
40
8
16
20
24
11
25
13
12
14

7,945
139
46
93
538
2,025
2,431
1,611
1,002
639
363
197

45,083
2,598
1,012
1,586
5,835
14,326
10,385
6,563
4,439
2,722
1,717
937

5,372
44
15
29
191
1,348
1,448
1,119
851
496
355
371

41
6
2
4
9
5
2
8

1,248
26
15
12
63
219
238
237
252
130
121
213

62
32
15
17
5
16
4

10

1,327
183
88
94
292
385
191
128
97
50
47
51

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years

46,310

1,065
185
130
55
107
172
182
151
164
104
59
103

8,803
189
51
138
664
2,368
2,673
1,766
963
584
379
179

36,442
2,609
998
1,611
5,410
11,175
8,376
5,100
3,118
1,891
1,227
655

2,681
25
4
21
105
675
840
502
367
215
152
167

229
1
1
1
8
44
70
65
28
17
11
12

282
23
3
20
33
89
56
50
24
17
7
8

204

100
5
4
1
1
23
17
19
30
23
7
4

Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

99,495

20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over

60 to 64 years
65 years and over




5,769
2,278
3,491

2,983
1,179
1,804
6,181
13,715
11,232
7,018
4,245

2,579
1,666
936

4
35
52
50
37
21
15
25

3
3

31

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
April 1987
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support

Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry

Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Professional services
Public administration

Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers

Service
occupations

Total
Executive,
AdminisTechniemadministrative Private
cians
ployed
ProfesOther
trative,
Sales support, houseand
sional
and
service1
specialty related
including hold
manaclerical
support
gerial

Precision
Farming,
Machine
producoperHandlers, forestry,
tion,
Transporators,
and
equipment
tation
craft,
assemcleaners, fishing
and
and
blers,
helpers,
repair
material
and
and
moving
inspeclaborers
tors
54
151
494
785
425
361

23
30
778
1,141
505
636

2,850
1
16
53
49
4

110
306
137
169

1,682
924
475
449

480
1,648
322
1,326

15
45
22
23

27
675

10
494
7
487
292
44

36
358
8
349
86
60

62
407
109
298
78
49

3,223
776
7,054
20,718
12,331
8,387

68
118
857
2,230
1,386
845

59
53
135
1,648
1,121
527

29
24
49
726
524
202

35
14
62
700
315
385

67
104
413
2,440
1,367
1,073

5
3
27
362
195
165

27
263
4,138
4,020
2,809
1,211

6
17
86
6,614
3,636
2,978

7,656
23,153
4,512
18,641

818
1,847
475
1,372

426
383
63
320

265
96
37
59

302
9,451
1,748
7,703

2,084
2,440
833
1,607

263
4,379
39
4,340

1,212
1,634
360
1,273

7,565
35,759
1,231
34,528
23,283
5,135

1,887
4,083
5
4,078
2,292
1,072

190
10,900
10
10,890
9,731
642

120
1,692
7
1,686
1,381
184

1,753
823

3,066
6,064
16
6,047
4,326
1,470

277
7,519
107
7,412
4,365
1,290

136
1,784
3
1,781
434
256

823
129
23

960
960

675
169
46

Includes protective service, not shown separately.

A-26. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries

Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers1

Total
Reason not working and sex
Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Paid absences
Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

Unpaid absences
Apr.

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987

1986

Apr.
1987

Total, 16 years and over....
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
All other reasons

3,817
1,497
1,229
71
25
994

6,218
3,787
1,252
96
8
1,075

3,724
1,485
1,210
51
25
952

6,126
3,750
1,225
86
8
1,057

1,716
1,009
478

3,352
2,593
535

1,576
337
659

2,191
907
586

229

224

580

()
697

Men, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

1,896
826
583
487

2,822
1,658
647
517

1,827
818
570
439

2,759
1,634
628
497

908
585
233
90

1,592
1,205
305
82

681
154
298
229

836
295
273
267

Women, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3

1,920
671
646
603

3,395
2,129
605
662

1,897
667
640
589

3,367
2,116
597
654

807
424
245
138

1,758
1,388
230
141

896
183
361
352

1,355
613
312
430

Excludes private household workers.
Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
2

32




3

Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27. Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
April 1987
Percent distribution

Thousands of persons

Hours of work
All
industries

Agriculture

Nonagricultural
industries

All
industries

Nonagricultural
industries

Agriculture

104,823

3,132

101,692

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours ..
30 to 34 hours

31,762
894
4,782
13,701
12,385

966
44
256
427
239

30,795
850
4,525
13,274
12,146

30.3
.9
4.6
13.1
11.8

30.9
1.4
8.2
13.6
7.6

30.3
.8
4.4
13.1
11.9

35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours . .
60 hours and over

73,061
7,258
38,544
27,259
9,548
9,938
7,773

2,165
161
532
1,472
229
437
806

70,896
7,097
38,012
25,787
9,319
9,501
6,967

69.7
6.9
36.8
26.0
9.1
9.5
7.4

69.1
5.1
17.0
47.0
7.3
14.0
25.7

69.7
7.0
37.4
25.4
9.2
9.3
6.9

38.2
42.6

44.0
52.2

38.0
42.3

Total 16 years and over

.

Average hours total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules

A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
April 1987
All industries

Nonagricultural industries

Reason for working less than 35 hours
Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

31,762

13,370

18,391

5,030
2,269
40
147

1,582
1,306
40
147
90

3,448
963

Total

Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons




90
2,485
26,731
12,715
2,190

Usually
work
full time

Usually
work
part time

30,795

13,057

17,738

4,783
2,092
40
145

1,476
1,204
40
145
89

3,307
888

Total

2,485
11,788

2,190
1,107
490
5
6,649

89
2,420

14,943
12,715

26,010
12,309

11,579
2,169
381
5
6,620
1,315

1,427
577

2,420
14,431
12,309

1,347

1,464
642

2,169
1,207
381
5
6,620
1,427
1,892

21.9
23.1

24.4
28.5

20.8
18.8

22.0
23.1

24.6
28.5

20.9
18.8

1,566
10,819

705
8,270

861
2,549

1,500
10,646

676
8,173

824
2,473

1,229
490
5
6,649
1,464
1,989

122

1,090

117

33

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
April 1987

Industry

Total, 16 years and over

Total
at
work

On part
time
for
economic
reasons

Dn full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours
or less
or more
hours

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

101,692

4,783

14,431

82,478

56,691

9,319

16,468

38.0

42.3

93,903

4,226

13,040

76,637

53,982

8,789

13,866

37.8

41.8

695

33

13

649

388

98

163

43.1

44.6

5,429

404

222

4,803

3,523

464

816

38.8

41.1

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

19,480
11,564
7,916

491
156
335

646
269
377

18,343
11,139
7,204

13,400
8,205
5,194

2,224
1,241
983

2,719
1,693
1,027

39.7
40.0
39.3

40.8
40.7
41.0

Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate

6,867
20,398
6,707

228
1,314
150

403
4,989
654

6,236
14,095
5,903

4,256
8,788
4,264

744
2,081
613

1,236
3,226
1,026

40.8
36.3
38.7

42.8
43.4
41.2

Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration

29,443
1,180
28,263
4,883

1,551
196
1,355
55

5,848
548
5,300
265

22,044
436
21,608
4,563

15,837
277
15,560
3,526

2,166
47
2,119
399

4,041
112
3,929
638

35.9
25.5
36.3
40.1

41.7
45.7
41.6
41.5

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

7,518
270

545
13

1,268
123

5,705
134

2,635
72

515
16

2,555
46

40.7
34.8

48.1
45.9

Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction

34




HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers \n thousands)
April 1987

Sex, age, race, and marital status

Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time

Total

40 hours
or less

41 hours
or more

56,691
1,269

25,787
272
31
242

Average
hours,
total
at work

Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules

TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

101,692
5,585
2,178
3,407
96,106
12,422
83,685
55,357
25,917
2,411

4,783

55,839
2,726

2,154
182
36
146
1,972

Men, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years

1,060

1,666
53,114

20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

6,393

393
74
319
4,390
830
3,560
2,391
1,056
115

46,721
30,638

363
1,609
1,145

14,678
1,405

416
47

45,852
2,860

2,629

14,431
3,651
1,937
1,714
10,779
2,227
8,552
4,844
2,585
1,123
4,410
1,711
921
791

2,699
926
1,773
683
515
576

82,478

1,541
167
1,374
80,937
9,365
71,573
48,122
22,276

136

1,132
55,422
6,836
48,588

32,215
15,535

1,173

839

49,275
833

30,699
649
79
569
30,052

103
729
48,443
5,104
43,339

28,810
13,747
782

3,448
26,604

17,301
8,768
535

6,741
334

38.0
23.2
17.0
27.1
38.9
36.1
39.3
39.7
39.2
29.1

42.3
39.8
40.0
39.8
42.3
41.3
42.5
42.5
42.3
41.7

18,576
184
24
160
18,391
1,656
16,735
11,509
4,979
247

40.8
24.5
18.1
28.6
41.6
37.9
42.1
42.7
42.2
30.8

43.6
40.8
40.6
40.8
43.7
42.4
43.8
44.0
43.6
41.8

7,211
88
6
82
7,123
874
6,248
4,400

40.2
38.6

1,762
86

34.6
21.9
16.0
25.7
35.4
34.2
35.6
36.0
35.4
26.8

25,515
2,529
22,985
15,907

11,239
1,006

467
1,949
1,245
638
67

10,020
1,940
1,017
924
8,080
1,302
6,779
4,162
2,070
547

63
645
32,494
4,260
28,236
19,312
8,531
392

21,988
14,912
6,769
306

White, 16 years and over
Men
Women

88,388
49,058
39,330

3,763
1,710
2,053

13,108
3,920
9,188

71,517
43,428
28,089

48,037
26,351
21,685

23,480
17,077
6,404

38.1
41.1
34.4

42.5
43.9
40.3

Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women

10,233
5,149
5,084

855
376
479

958
345
612

8,420
4,428
3,993

6,827
3,394
3,434

1,593
1,034
559

37.0
38.7
35.4

40.6
41.6
39.5

36,267
5,610
13,963

977
285
894

1,217
255
2,938

34,073
5,070
10,131

20,568
3,161
6,969

13,505
1,909
3,162

42.6
41.6
35.9

44.0
43.8
42.3

25,601

1,294
581
754

5,683
1,094
3,243

18,624
7,099
7,480

14,720
5,403
5,869

3,904
1,696
1,611

34.6
37.0
32.6

40.0
40.8
40.4

Women, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years

1,118
1,742
42,992
6,029
36,964

16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over

24,719

211
38

173
2,418

33,203
709

25,992
621
57
563
25,371
3,386

0
38.6
40.3
40.1
40.3
40.3
40.2
41.4

RACE

MARITAL STATUS
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated .
Single (never married)

8,774
11,477

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




35

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
April 1987
Average
hours,
Average
workers
hours,
on full49
total
41 to 48
time
hours at work
hours
schedor more
ules

On full-time schedules
Occupation and sex

Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.

36




Total
at
work

On part
time for
economic
reasons

On
voluntary
part
time

Total

40
hours
or less

101,428

4,739

14,343

82,345

56,511

9,323

16,511

38.0

42.3

25,387
12,346
13,042
32,797
3,041
12,614
17,141
14,210
922
1,766
11,522
12,834
16,199
7,534
4,305
4,359

432
165
266
1,242
47
640
555
1,409
150
54
1,205
598
1,059
350
276
434

2,305
615
1,690
5,952
320
2,635
2,997
4,199
430
166
3,604
448
1,438
323
344
771

22,651
11,566
11,085
25,604
2,675
9,340
13,589
8,602
342
1,546
6,714
11,788
13,702
6,862
3,686
3,154

13,711
6,430
7,281
18,385
1,962
5,161
11,262
6,454
227
958
5,269
8,139
9,822
5,374
2,089
2,360

2,452
1,330
1,122
2,813
306
1,228
1,279
805
32
235
539
1,462
1,790
807
542
442

6,487
3,805
2,682
4,406
407
2,951
1,049
1,343
84
353
906
2,186
2,089
681
1,055
353

41.0
43.3
38.9
36.8
38.9
38.4
35.3
33.0
25.6
41.6
32.3
40.3
38.3
38.4
41.5
35.2

43.7
44.9
42.4
41.6
41.4
44.9
39.4
42.1
45.4
44.6
41.4
42.1
41.5
39.9
45.0
40.8

55,495

2,103

4,301

49,091

30,502

6,062

12,527

40.9

43.7

14,375
7,730
6,645
11,685
1,607
6,745
3,333
5,606
26
1,526
4,054
11,711
12,118
4,512
3,956
3,650

204
107
97
261
16
155
91
381
4
36
341
532
726
143
232
351

673
231
443
1,141
110
646
386
1,157
8
110
1,038
324
1,004
145
220
640

13,498
7,393
6,105
10,283
1,482
5,944
2,857
4,068
13
1,380
2,674
10,855
10,387
4,224
3,505
2,659

7,260
3,652
3,608
5,908
1,025
2,782
2,100
2,875
9
830
2,036
7,382
7,078
3,157
1,967
1,953

1,439
861
578
1,386
167
820
398
428
2
210
216
1,381
1,428
536
511
381

4,799
2,880
1,919
2,990
290
2,341
358
765
3
341
422
2,092
1,881
530
1,026
324

43.7
45.2
42.0
41.5
40.3
43.4
38.0
36.7
(2)
42.9
34.4
40.6
39.2
39.5
42.5
35.3

45.4
46.3
44.2
44.5
42.1
46.6
41.2
43.2
(2)
45.2
42.1
42.2
42.3
40.8
45.3
41.0

45,933

2,636

10,042

33,254

26,009

3,261

3,984

34.6

40.3

11,012
4,615
6,396
21,112
1,434
5,870
13,808
8,605
897
240
7,468
1,122
4,082
3,023
349
710

228
58
169
981
31
486
464
1,028
146
18
864
66
333
206
44
83

1,632
384
1,248
4,811
211
1,988
2,612
3,042
422
55
2,565
124
434
178
124
131

9,152
4,173
4,980
15,321
1,193
3,396
10,732
4,534
329
166
4,039
932
3,314
2,638
181
496

6,451
2,778
3,673
12,477
937
2,379
9,161
3,579
218
129
3,232
757
2,745
2,216
122
406

1,013
469
544
1,428
139
408
881
377
30
25
323
81
362
271
30
61

1,688
925
763
1,416
117
609
690
578
81
12
484
94
208
151
29
28

37.6
40.2
35.6
34.3
37.4
32.6
34.6
30.7
25.4
33.4
31.2
36.8
35.7
36.6
29.5
34.6

41.3
42.4
40.3
39.7
40.5
41.9
38.9
41.2
45.2
40.1
40.9
40.1
38.9
38.6
40.8
40.1

Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1986

1987

Employment status and sex
Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

181,843
118,987
65.4
110,664
60.9
1,695
108,969
3,199
105,770
8,323
7.0
62,856

181,998
119,274
65.5
110,852
60.9
1,687
109,165
3,151
106,014
8,422
7.1
62,724

182,183
119,685
65.7
111,293
61.1
1,680
109,613
3,164
106,449
8,392
7.0
62,498

182,354
119,789
65.7
111,559
61.2
1,672
109,887
3,124
106,763
8,230
6.9
62,565

182,525
119,821
65.6
111,764
61.2
1,697
110,067
3,057
107,010
8,057
6.7
62,704

182,713
119,988
65.7
111,703
61.1
1,716
109,987
3,142
106,845
8,285
6.9
62,725

182,935
120,163
65.7
111,941
61.2
1,749
110,192
3,162
107,030
8,222
6.8
62,772

183,114
120,426
65.8
112,183
61.3
1,751
110,432
3,215
107,217
8,243
6.8
62,688

183,297
120,336
65.7
112,387
61.3
1,750
110,637
3,161
107,476
7,949
6.6
62,961

183,575
120,782
65.8
112,759
61.4
1,748
111,011
3,145
107,866
8,023
6.6
62,793

183,738
121,089
65.9
113,122
61.6
1,740
111,382
3,236
108,146
7,967
6.6
62,649

183,915
120,958
65.8
113,104
61.5
1,736
111,368
3,284
108,084
7,854
6.5
62,957

184,079
121,070
65.8
113,570
61.7
1,735
111,835
3,290
108,545
7,500
6.2
63,009

87,120
66,770
76.6
62,253
71.5
1,541
60,712
4,517
6.8
20,350

87,195
66,854
76.7
62,201
71.3
1,533
60,668
4,653
7.0
20,341

87,288
66,937
76.7
62,318
71.4
1,525
60,793
4,619
6.9
20,351

87,373
66,968
76.6
62,402
71.4
1,518
60,884
4,566
6.8
20,405

87,460
66,911
76.5
62,483
71.4
1,541
60,942
4,428
6.6
20,549

87,556
67,128
76.7
62,528
71.4
1,560
60,968
4,600
6.9
20,428

87,682
67,130
76.6
62,565
71.4
1,590
60,975
4,565
6.8
20,552

87,773
67,407
76.8
62,833
71.6
1,592
61,241
4,574
6.8
20,366

87,868
67,425
76.7
62,986
71.7
1,593
61,393
4,439
6.6
20,443

88,020
67,672
76.9
63,187
71.8
1,591
61,596
4,484
6.6
20,348

88,099
67,764
76.9
63,335
71.9
1,584
61,751
4,429
6.5
20,335

88,186
67,644
76.7
63,282
71.8
1,575
61,707
4,362
6.4
20,542

88,271
67,603
76.6
63,417
71.8
1,575
61,842
4,186
6.2
20,668

94,723
52,217
55.1
48,411
51.1
154
48,257
3,806
7.3
42,506

94,803
52,420
55.3
48,651
51.3
154
48,497
3,769
7.2
42,383

94,895
52,748
55.6
48,975
51.6
155
48,820
3,773
7.2
42,147

94,981
52,821
55.6
49,157
51.8
154
49,003
3,664
6.9
42,160

95,065
52,910
55.7
49,281
51.8
156
49,125
3,629
6.9
42,155

95,156
52,860
55.6
49,175
51.7
156
49,019
3,685
7.0
42,296

95,253
53,033
55.7
49,376
51.8
159
49,217
3,657
6.9
42,220

95,341
53,019
55.6
49,350
51.8
159
49,191
3,669
6.9
42,322

95,429
52,911
55.4
49,401
51.8
157
49,244
3,510
6.6
42,518

95,556
53,110
55.6
49,572
51.9
157
49,415
3,538
6.7
42,446

95,639
53,325
55.8
49,787
52.1
156
49,631
3,538
6.6
42,314

95,729
53,314
55.7
49,822
52.0
161
49,661
3,492
6.6
42,415

95,808
53,467
55.8
50,153
52.3
160
49,993
3,314
6.2
42,341

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
,
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force

Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutiona! population.
1
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident




Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

37

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33.

Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age

1987

1986

Apr.

May June

July

Aug. Sept.

Oct. Nov. Dec

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men,

180,148 180,311 180,503 180,682 180,828 180,997 181,186 181,363 181,547 181,827 181,998 182,179 182,344
117,292 117,587 118,005 118,117 118,124 118,272 118,414 118,675 118,586 119,034 119,349 119,222 119,335
65.4
65.6
65.4
65.4
65.3
65.3
65.4
65.1
65.4
65.3
65.5
65.4
65.2
108,969 109,165 109,613 109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382 111,368 111,835
61.3
61.2
61.1
60.8
60.8
60.9
60.7
60.5
60.9
60.9
60.8
60.5
61.1
8,323 8,422 8,392 8,230 8,057 8,285 8,222 8,243 7,949 8,023 7,967 7,854 7,500
6.3
6.7
6.6
6.9
7.0
6.8
7.1
7.1
6.9
6.7
7.0
7.2
6.7

20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

78,387 78,484 78,586 78,634 78,722 78,802 78,874
61,158 61,330 61,355 61,219 61,412 61,409 61,703
77.9
78.0
78.2
77.9
78.0
78.1
78.1
57,338 57,522 57,544 57,585 57,607 57,595 57,883
73.4
73.1
73.2
73.2
73.2
73.3
73.1
2,279 2,309 2,275 2,185 2,286 2,297 2,303
55,059 55,213 55,269 55,400 55,321 55,298 55,580
3,634 3,805 3,814 3,820
3,688 3,820 3,808 3,811
5.9
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.0
6.2
17,229 17,229 17,154 17,231 17,415 17,310 17,393 17,171

78,309
61,080
78.0
57,392
73.3
2,319
55,073

78,973 79,132 79,216 79,303
61,826 61,948 61,973 61,983
78.2
78.2
78.3
78.3
58,101 58,227 58,325 58,410
73.7
73.6
73.6
73.6
2,289 2,254 2,300 2,411
55,812 55,974 56,024 55,999
3,725 3,720 3,648 3,573

79,387
61,976
78.1
58,567
73.8
2,411

56,155
3,409
5.9
5.8
6.0
6.0
5.5
17,147 17,184 17,243 17,320 17,411

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

87,355 87,444 87,547 87,629 87,689 87,779 87,856
48,181 48,433 48,739 48,879 48,950 48,920 49,014
55.7
55.8
55.8
55.2
55.8
55.7
55.4
45,094 45,335 45,657 45,869 45,956 45,905 46,020
52.3
52.4
51.6
52.4
52.3
52.2
51.8
614
622
585
612
607
583
604
44,509 44,731 45,074 45,262 45,334 45,291 45,408

87,933 88,016 88,150 88,237 88,321 88,395
49,043 48,923 49,161 49,348 49,355 49,466
55.8
55.9
55.9
56.0
55.8
55.6
46,067 46,058 46,261 46,475 46,498 46,751
52.5
52.9
52.7
52.6
52.4
52.3
628
587
641
589
675
621
45,392 45,437 45,633 45,835 45,909 46,164
3,087 3,098 3,082 3,010 2,994 3,015 2,994 2,976 2,865 2,900 2,873 2,857 2,715
5.8
5.8
5.9
6.4
5.5
6.1
5.9
6.1
6.2
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
39,174 39,011 38,808 38,750 38,739 38,859 38,842 38,890 39,093 38,989 38,889 38,966 38,929

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

14,484 14,480 14,472 14,467 14,505 14,496 14,527 14,557 14,558 14,545 14,546 14,555 14,562
8,031 7,996 7,936 7,883 7,955 7,940 7,991 7,929 7,837 7,926 8,028 7,884 7,894
55.2
54.5
54.2
54.2
53.8
54.5
54.8
54.5
55.4
55.0
54.8
54.8
55.2
6,483 6,492 6,434 6,474 6,526 6,475 6,577 6,482 6,478 6,524 6,582 6,460 6,518
44.4
44.8
45.2
44.9
44.5
44.8
44.5
44.7
44.8
44.8
45.3
45.0
44.5
284
292
295
264
251
268
237
242
242
295
253
250
272
6,224 6,162
6,232 6,276 6,233 6,324 6,245 6,227 6,260 6,287 6,176 6,226
6,188
1,504
1,409 1,429 1,465 1,414 1,447 1,359 1,402 1,446 1,424 1,376
1,548
1,502
17.4
18.1
18.0
17.7
17.3
18.8
18.2
18.5
17.9
19.3
17.7
18.0
18.9
6,453 6,484 6,536 6,584 6,550 6,556 6,536 6,628 6,721 6,619 6,518 6,671 6,668

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional

38



population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1986
Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

1987
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

155,122 155,236 155,376 155,502 155,604 155,723 155,856 155,979 156,111 156,313 156,431 156,561 156,676
101,237 101,531 101,946 102,015 102,122 102,158 102,297 102,455 102,503 102,746 102,893 102,797 102,894
65.7
65.8
65.7
65.6
65.7
65.7
65.7
65.6
65.4
65.6
65.6
65.3
65.6
95,095 95,283 95,720 95,861 96,177 96,000 96,147 96,281 96,533 96,717 96,995 96,998 97,340
61.7
62.1
62.0
62.0
61.9
61.8
61.7
61.6
61.6
61.4
61.8
61.6
61.3
6,150
5,554
5,799
5,898
5,970 6,029
6,174
6,158
6,154
6,248
5,945
6,226
6,142
5.7
5.9
6.0
5.4
5.6
5.8
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.2
5.8
6.1

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

53,444 53,532 53,651 53,639 53,583 53,727 53,757 54,015 54,172 54,182 54,175 54,107 54,051
78.4
78.7
78.7
78.3
78.4
78.3
78.6
78.8
78.4
78.2
78.5
78.3
78.4
50,663 50,628 50,762 50,731 50,877 50,845 50,845 51,089 51,286 51,297 51,362 51,364 51,462
74.4
74.1
74.1
74.6
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.6
74.2
74.3
74.1
74.2
74.2
2,912
2,589
2,813 2,743
2,885
2,886
2,926
2,882
2,908 2,706
2,904
2,889
2,781
5.4
5.4
5.1
5.4
4.8
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.3
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.2

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

40,890 41,103 41,424 41,584 41,640 41,547 41,598 41,540 41,514 41,680 41,762 41,828 41,982
55.4
55.2
55.2
55.0
55.1
55.2
55.2
55.3
55.1
54.5
55.5
55.3
54.8
38,651 38,854 39,179 39,368 39,466 39,365 39,431 39,399 39,456 39,568 39,735 39,839 40,041
52.6
52.4
52.3
52.3
52.3
52.5
52.4
52.7
52.3
52.2
51.8
51.5
52.9
2,028
2,141
2,167
2,182
2,216 2,174
1,989
2,058 2,111
2,245
2,249
2,239
1,941
4.9
5.2
5.2
5.3
5.2
5.3
4.8
5.1
5.0
5.4
5.5
5.5
4.6

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,903
58.1
5,781
48.7
1,122
16.3
17.1
15.4

6,896
58.1
5,801
48.8
1,095
15.9
17.0
14.7

6,871
57.9
5,779
48.7
1,092
15.9
17.1
14.6

6,792
57.2
5,762
48.5
1,030
15.2
15.6
14.7

6,899
58.1
5,834
49.1
1,065
15.4
16.6
14.2

6,884
57.9
5,790
48.7
1,094
15.9
16.6
15.1

6,942
58.4
5,871
49.4
1,071
15.4
15.7
15.2

6,900
58.0
5,793
48.7
1,107
16.0
16.3
15.7

6,817
57.3
5,791
48.7
1,026
15.1
15.5
14.6

6,885
57.8
5,852
49.2
1,033
15.0
16.1
13.8

6,955
58.4
5,898
49.5
1,057
15.2
16.0
14.3

6,862
57.5
5,795
48.5
1,067
15.5
17.1
13.9

6,861
57.4
5,837
48.9
1,024
14.9
16.7
13.1

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

19,916 19,943 19,974 20,002 20,028 20,056 20,089 20,120 20,152 20,187 20,218 20,249 20,279
12,687 12,721 12,712 12,611 12,553 12,652 12,720 12,719 12,707 12,831 12,957 12,844 12,743
63.7
63.4
64.1
63.6
63.1
63.2
63.3
62.7
63.0
63.6
63.8
62.8
63.1
10,809 10,839 10,818 10,822 10,716 10,799 10,895 10,910 10,968 10,997 11,101 11,053 11,090
54.3
54.6
54.9
54.5
54.4
54.2
54.2
53.5
54.1
54.2
54.3
54.7
53.8
1,878
1,855
1,791
1,833
1,739
1,825
1,809
1,837
1,789
1,894
1,882
1,653
1,853
14.8
14.3
13.9
13.7
14.3
14.3
14.2
14.6
14.9
14.2
14.8
13.0
14.6

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,904
75.0
5,149
65.4
755
12.8

5,924
75.1
5,161
65.4
763
12.9

5,948
75.3
5,157
65.3
791
13.3

5,939
75.0
5,170
65.3
769
12.9

5,885
74.2
5,110
64.5
775
13.2

5,906
74.4
5,116
64.5
790
13.4

5,932
74.6
5,153
64.8
779
13.1

5,934
74.5
5,171
65.0
763
12.9

5,947
74.5
5,244
65.7
703
11.8

5,986
74.9
5,256
65.7
730
12.2

6,012
75.1
5,288
66.0
724
12.0

5,997
74.8
5,305
66.1
692
11.5

5,980
74.4
5,328
66.3
652
10.9

5,853
59.1
5,120
51.7
733
12.5

5,876
59.2
5,130
51.7
746
12.7

5,848
58.8
5,107
51.4
741
12.7

5,848
58.8
5,141
51.6
707
12.1

5,841
58.6
5,112
51.3
729
12.5

5,872
58.8
5,145
51.5
727
12.4

5,909
59.1
5,178
51.8
731
12.4

5,943
59.3
5,200
51.9
743
12.5

5,907
58.9
5,182
51.7
725
12.3

5,984
59.6
5,221
52.0
763
12.8

6,030
59.9
5,255
52.2
775
12.9

5,987
59.4
5,211
51.7
776
13.0

5,918
58.7
5,238
51.9
680
11.5

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




39

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

1986
Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

1987
Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

930
43.5
540
25.3
390
41.9
41.2
42.7

921
43.2
548
25.7
373
40.5
40.5
40.5

824
38.7
511
24.0
313
38.0
40.5
35.0

916
42.9
554
26.0
362
39.5
39.7
39.4

827
38.8
494
23.1
333
40.3
38.8
41.9

874
40.9
538
25.2
336
38.4
38.6
38.3

879
41.1
564
26.3
315
35.8
37.8
33.8

842
39.3
539
25.1
303
36.0
35.0
37.0

853
39.8
542
25.3
311
36.5
36.1
36.9

860
40.1
520
24.2
340
39.5
36.5
43.2

861
40.0
537
24.9
324
37.6
36.5
38.8

915
42.6
559
26.0
356
38.9
38.3
39.5

845
39.2
524
24.3
321
38.0
39.3
36.5

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

12,255 12,290 12,326 12,362 12,397 12,432 12,469 12,505 12,540 12,653 12,692 12,732 12,770
7,969 8,006 8,085 8,121 8,130 8,179 8,200 8,226 8,320 8,431
8,457 8,392 8,484
65.7
65.6
65.1
65.8
65.6
65.0
66.4
66.3
65.8
65.8
65.9
66.6
66.6
7,129 7,136 7,224 7,269 7,248 7,286 7,345 7,437 7,446 7,538 7,644 7,639 7,701
58.6
58.8
58.5
58.1
58.6
58.2
60.0
60.2
59.4
58.9
59.5
60.3
59.6
861
893
852
882
870
840
874
855
789
783
753
813
893
10.9
10.5
10.8
10.9
10.6
10.5
10.4
9.6
9.2
9.0
9.6
10.6
10.5

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
?

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1986

1987

Category
Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

CHARACTERISTIC
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

108,969 109,165 109,613 109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382 111,368 111,835
39,504 39,582 39,613 39,634 39,735 39,691 39,780 39,952 40,093 40,102 39,913 40,100 39,967
26,889 27,016 27,354 27,474 27,388 27,249 27,323 27,333 27,400 27,525 27,817 27,965 28,213
5,799 5,734 5,719 5,812 5,832 5,926 6,016 6,041 6,005 5,985 5,906 5,933 5,972

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF
WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,539
1,467
173

1,489
1,472
177

1,508
1,492
163

1,504
1,434
171

1,509
1,387
174

1,521
1,460
159

1,562
1,451
164

1,582
1,425
198

1,621
1,400
152

1,650
1,370
136

1,647
1,454
126

1,739
1,418
150

1,589
1,505
175

97,858
16,231
81,627
1,309
80,318
7,634
251

98,047
16,333
81,714
1,261
80,453
7,793
235

98,314
16,377
81,937
1,267
80,670
7,832
236

98,312
16,582
81,730
1,241
80,489
8,019
258

98,586
16,446
82,140
1,247
80,893
7,956
271

98,692
16,333
82,359
1,229
81,130
7,939
275

98,846
16,264
82,582
1,216
81,366
7,993
265

98,869
16,457
82,412
1,183
81,229
8,179
252

99,164
16,443
82,721
1,189
81,532
8,056
239

99,550
16,412
83,138
1,269
81,869
8,192
246

99,748
16,532
83,216
1,204
82,012
8,187
255

99,834
16,568
83,265
1,227
82,038
8,050
273

100,112
16,484
83,628
1,266
82,362
8,117
268

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,544 5,740 5,563 5,596 5,505 5,780 5,456 5,391
5,853 5,825 5,538 5,442 5,471
2,534 2,605 2,437 2,473 2,417 2,472 2,481 2,510 2,444 2,473 2,535 2,440 2,322
2,772 2,826 2,714 2,867 2,695 2,828 2,698 2,746
2,922 2,843 2,813 2,661 2,741
13,900 13,853 14,142 13,967 13,981 13,922 14,178 14,021 13,877 14,170 14,061 14,167 13,862

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

5,110
5,342 5,201
5,459 5,164
5,567 5,569 5,322 5,222 5,269 5,303 5,450 5,319
2,340 2,218 2,137
2,382 2,485 2,307 2,317 2,283 2,314 2,314 2,366 2,286 2,281
2,806 2,749 2,727 2,609 2,678 2,710 2,739 2,626 2,765 2,599 2,742 2,595 2,662
13,528 13,412 13,613 13,578 13,606 13,520 13,736 13,567 13,455 13,750 13,597 13,682 13,399

1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey
period for such

40



reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1986

1987

Sex and age
Apr.
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ......
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

A-37.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

108,969 109,165 109,613 109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382 111,368 111,835
20,298
6,483
2,619
3,842
13,815
88,650
74,398
14,266

20,211
6,492
2,612
3,873
13,719
88,916
74,464
14,352

20,250
6,434
2,611
3,821
13,816
89,387
74,894
14,501

20,268
6,474
2,605
3,830
13,794
89,730
75,207
14,447

20,281
6,526
2,593
3,903
13,755
89,792
75,405
14,445

20,163
6,475
2,670
3,804
13,688
89,796
75,582
14,269

20,263
6,577
2,714
3,877
13,686
89,899
75,714
14,223

20,201
6,482
2,648
3,843
13,719
90,221
75,889
14,341

20,093
6,478
2,717
3,771
13,615
90,524
76,247
14,349

20,237
6,524
2,713
3,816
13,713
90,725
76,281
14,450

20,293
6,582
2,727
3,844
13,711
91,104
76,680
14,363

20,113
6,460
2,688
3,809
13,652
91,290
76,844
14,426

20,111
6,518
2,619
3,876
13,593
91,660
77,338
14,345

60,712 60,668 60,793 60,884 60,942 60,968 60,975 61,241 61,393 61,596 61,751 61,707 61,842
10,576 10,496 10,509 10,590 10,567 10,528 10,587 10,546 10,449 10,526 10,608 10,4521 10,427
3,320 3,330 3,271 3,340 3,357 3,361 3,380 3,358 3,292 3,369 3,426 3,297 3,275
1,3551 1,336
1,425
1,395
1,353
1,391
1,325
1,357
1,373
1,399
1,350
1,367
1,356
1,936
2,000 1,945
1,974
1,970 2,005 1,965
1,933
2,003 2,009
1,923
1,960
1,960
7,256 7,166 7,238 7,250 7,210 7,167 7,207 7,188 7,157 7,156 7,182 7,155 7,152
50,142 50,152 50,267 50,321 50,393 50,419 50,348 50,705 50,943 51,053 51,207 51,278 51,396
41,720 41,637 41,853 41,884 42,050 42,124 42,049 42,278 42,485 42,569 42,702 42,729 42,925
8,426 8,462 8,441 8,402 8,357 8,323 8,329 8,428 8,507 8,458 8,470 8,546 8,476
48,257 48,497 48,820 49,003 49,125 49,019 49,217 49,191 49,244 49,415 49,631 49,661 49,993
9,678 9,714 9,635 9,676 9,655 9,644 9,711 9,685 9,661 9,683
9,722 9,715 9,741
3,163 3,162 3,163 3,134 3,169 3,114 3,197 3,124 3,186 3,154 3,155 3,163 3,242
1,344
1,323
1,271
1,268
1,248
1,261
1,283
1,333
1,302
1,318
1,295
1,245
1,263
1,874
1,898
1,860
1,898
1,940
1,844 1,864
1,838
1,834
1,839
1,913
1,882
1,842
6,458 6,557 6,529 6,498 6,441
6,479 6,531
6,559 6,553 6,578 6,544 6,545 6,521
38,508 38,764 39,120 39,409 39,399 39,377 39,551 39,516 39,581 39,672 39,897 40,012 40,264
32,678 32,827 33,041 33,323 33,355 33,458 33,665 33,611 33,762 33,712 33,978 34,116 34,412
5,840 5,890 6,060 6,045 6,088 5,946 5,894 5,913 5,842 5,992 5,893 5,879 5,869

Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)
1986

1987

Sex and age
Apr.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years

55 years and over




May

8,323

8,422

8,392

8,230

8,057

8,285

8,222

8,243

7,949

8,023

3,218
1,548
686
868
1,670
5,097
4,521
576

3,242
1,504
686
816
1,738
5,161
4,634
556

3,157
1,502
681
813
1,655
5,212
4,677
569

3,071
1,409
642
740
1,662
5,148
4,584
574

3,001
1,429
641
787
1,572
5,087
4,525
561

3,173
1,465
668
790
1,708
5,130
4,523
587

3,022
1,414
647
766
1,608
5,197
4,597
603

3,005
1,447
686
768
1,558
5,230
4,630
571

2,986
1,359
629
737
1,627
4,961
4,422
527

4,517

4,653

4,619

4,566

4,428

4,600

4,565

4,574

1,757
829
363
467
928
2,758
2,420
348

1,778
833
369
464
945
2,855
2,536
344

1,699
811
337
463
888
2,885
2,551
363

1,660
755
345
395
905
2,896
2,548
350

1,625
794
350
441
831
2,835
2,471
356

1,761
795
373
416
966
2,857
2,472
364

1,615
751
344
409
864
2,945
2,558
385

1,635
754
366
388
881
2,931
2,568
361

3,806

3,769

3,773

3,664

3,629

3,685

3,657

1,461
719
323
401
742
2,339
2,101
228

1,464
671
317
352
793
2,306
2,098
212

1,458
691
344
350
767
2,327
2,126
206

1,411
654
297
345
757
2,252
2,036
224

1,376
635
291
346
741
2,252
2,054
205

1,412
670
295
374
742
2,273
2,051
223

1,407
663
303
357
744
2,252
2,039
218

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

7,967

7,854

7,500

3,045
1,402
683
735
1,643
5,024
4,552
477

3,049
1,446
693
765
1,603
4,912
4,459
452

2,969
1,424
670
753
1,545
4,872
4,363
509

2,901
1,376
623
756
1,525
4,588
4,079
512

4,439

4,484

4,429

4,362

4,186

1,623
714
325
395
909
2,809
2,462
351

1,626
764
380
401
862
2,901
2,578
310

1,673
781
383
410
892
2,760
2,461
293

1,589
789
344
444
800
2,758
2,435
316

1,583
777
366
411
806
2,597
2,276
330

3,669

3,510

3,538

3,538

3,492

3,314

1,370
693
320
380
677
2,299
2,062
210

1,363
645
304
342
718
2,152
1,960
176

1,419
638
303
334
781
2,124
1,974
167

1,375
665
310
355
710
2,152
1,998
158

1,380
635
326
309
745
2,113
1,928
193

1,319
599
257
345
720
1,991
1,803
183

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1986

1987

Sex and age
Apr.
Total, 16 years and over ....

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

7.1

7.2

7.1

7.0

6.8

7.0

6.9

6.9

6.7

13.8
18.8
20.8
17.4
11.2
5.5
5.9
3.7

13.7
19.3
20.8
18.4
10.8
5.4
5.7
3.9

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

13.5
18.9
20.7
17.5
10.7
5.5
5.9
3.8

13.2
17.9
19.8
16.2
10.8
5.4
5.7
3.8

12.9
18.0
19.8
16.8
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.7

13.6
18.5
20.0
17.2
11.1
5.4
5.6
4.0

12.9
18.2
20.6
16.7
10.2
5.5
5.8
3.8

13.0
17.7
19.3
16.5
10.5
5.5
5.7
4.1

12.9
17.3
18.8
16.3
10.7
5.2
5.5
3.5

Apr.

Feb.

Mar.

6.7

6.7

6.6

6.3

13.1
17.7
20.1
16.2
10.7
5.2
5.6
3.2

13.1
18.0
20.3
16.6
10.5
5.1
5.5
3.0

12.9
18.1
20.0
16.5
10.2
5.1
5.4
3.4

12.6
17.4
19.2
16.3
10.1
4.8
5.0
3.4

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

7.1

7.1

7.0

6.8

7.0

7.0

6.9

6.7

6.8

6.7

6.6

6.3

14.5
20.0
21.3
19.1
11.7
5.4
5.7
3.9

13.9
19.9
20.0
19.4
10.9
5.4
5.7
4.1

13.6
18.4
20.3
16.7
11.1
5.4
5.7
4.0

13.3
19.1
20.9
18.0
10.3
5.3
5.6
4.1

14.3
19.1
21.0
17.5
11.9
5.4
5.5
4.2

13.2
18.2
19.8
17.0
10.7
5.5
5.7
4.4

13.4
18.3
21.3
16.2
10.9
5.5
5.7
4.1

13.4
17.8
19.1
17.0
11.3
5.2
5.5
4.0

13.4
18.5
21.4
16.9
10.7
5.4
5.7
3.5

13.6
18.6
21.2
17.0
11.1
5.1
5.4
3.3

13.2
19.3
20.2
18.6
10.1
5.1
5.4
3.6

13.2
19.2
21.5
17.5
10.1
4.8
5.0
3.7

7.3

7.2

7.2

7.0

6.9

7.0

6.9

6.9

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.6

6.2

13.1

16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

6.9
14.2
20.0
21.1
19.2
11.3
5.2
5.5
4.0

Men, 16 years and over . ..

13.1
17.5
20.3
15.5
10.8
5.6
6.0
3.5

13.0
17.9
21.4
15.6
10.4
5.6
6.0
3.3

12.7
17.3
19.2
15.6
10.4
5.4
5.8
3.6

12.4
16.7
18.7
15.4
10.2
5.4
5.8
3.3

12.8
17.7
18.8
16.9
10.2
5.5
5.8
3.6

12.7
17.2
18.6
16.0
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.6

12.4
18.2
19.8
17.2
9.4
5.5
5.8
3.4

12.4
16.8
18.4
15.7
10.0
5.2
5.5
2.9

12.7
16.8
18.7
15.3
10.6
5.1
5.5
2.7

12.4
17.4
19.2
16.1
9.8
5.1
5.6
2.6

12.5
16.7
19.7
14.2
10.3
5.0
5.4
3.2

12.0
15.6
16.7
15.1
10.1
4.7
5.0
3.0

18.5
20.4
17.6
10.2
5.7
6.0
3.8

A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1986

1987

Category
Apr.

May

June

July

Aug. Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec,

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

7.1
6.0
6.4
19.3

7.2
6.2
6.4
18.8

7.1
6.2
6.3
18.9

7.0
6.2
6.2
17.9

6.8
5.9
6.1
18.0

7.0
6.2
6.2
18.5

6.9
6.2
6.1
17.7

6.9
6.2
6.1
18.2

6.7
6.0
5.9
17.3

6.7
6.0
5.9
17.7

6.7
5.9
5.8
18.0

6.6
5.8
5.8
18.1

6.3
5.5
5.5
17.4

6.1
13.5
14.8
10.5

6.2
13.5
14.8
10.9

6.1
13.5
14.9
10.6

6.0
12.7
14.2
10.5

5.8
13.1
14.6
10.8

6.0
13.1
14.6
10.9

6.0
12.7
14.3
10.4

6.0
12.7
14.2
9.6

5.8
12.3
13.7
10.5

5.9
12.6
14.3
10.6

5.7
12.8
14.3
9.6

5.6
12.5
13.9
9.0

5.4
11.7
13.0
9.2

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

4.2
5.3
9.5

4.4
5.3
10.1

4.5
5.2
10.0

4.4
5.2
9.5

4.2
5.1
10.1

4.3
5.1
9.8

4.6
5.0
8.9

4.5
5.0
9.7

4.3
4.8
9.8

4.2
4.8
9.8

4.2
4.8
9.5

4.1
4.5
9.7

4.1
4.4
9.3

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2

,

6.7
9.4
1.8
8.1

6.9
9.1
1.9
8.2

6.7
9.1
1.9
8.1

6.6
9.2
1.9
7.8

6.4
9.3
1.9
7.7

6.6
9.3
2.0
7.9

6.6
9.2
1.8
7.8

6.6
9.1
1.9
7.7

6.3
8.8
1.8
7.6

6.4
9.0
1.8
7.6

6.3
8.7
1.8
7.6

6.2
9.2
1.7
7.4

5.9
8.6
1.7
7.3

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers

7.1
12.4
12.3
6.9
6.9
6.9
5.5
7.9
5.8
13.4

7.2
13.6
13.0
7.4
7.3
7.5
5.3
7.9
5.5
15.3

7.1
17.3
12.4
7.2
7.0
7.5
5.4
7.7
5.5
13.2

7.1
16.6
13.0
6.9
6.7
7.2
5.5
7.8
5.7
11.4

6.9
16.6
12.4
6.9
6.8
6.9
4.8
7.5
5.6
13.3

7.0
13.9
12.9
7.0
6.5
7.7
4.7
7.6
5.6
12.9

7.0
14.5
13.8
7.3
7.2
7.3
5.2
7.4
5.4
11.9

7.0
14.5
15.1
7.1
6.6
7.9
4.4
7.2
5.4
10.1

6.8
14.1
13.7
6.9
6.4
7.7
4.6
7.2
5.1
11.5

6.7
14.0
12.2
6.8
6.8
6.8
4.8
7.5
5.2
11.6

6.6
12.4
11.6
6.8
6.8
6.9
4.0
7.2
5.4
11.2

6.5
9.3
12.5
6.9
6.7
7.3
4.6
7.3
4.9
10.7

6.2
11.1
11.9
6.2
6.2
6.2
4.8
7.0
4.7
9.0

CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin

INDUSTRY

1

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
' Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time

42



for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)

1986

1987

Weeks of unemployment
Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

3,565
2,650
2,130
982
1,148

3,610
2,671
2,232
1,065
1,167

3,415
2,650
2,299
1,038
1,261

3,399
2,521
2,250
1,058
1,192

3,436
2,407
2,272
1,068
1,204

3,415
2,524
2,373
1,110
1,263

3,418
2,563
2,168
950
1,218

3,382
2,613
2,217
1,045
1,172

3,355
2,389
2,171
1,023
1,148

3,416
2,530
2,200
1,022
1,178

3,361
2,477
2,131
1,008
1,123

3,383
2,447
2,050
945
1,105

3,143
2,232
2,075
1,025
1,049

14.7
6.6

14.8
6.8

15.2
7.2

15.1
7.1

15.6
7.1

15.5
7.1

15.2
7.0

14.8
7.0

15.0
7.1

15.0
7.0

14.6
6.6

14.9
6.6

14.9
7.0

100.0
42.7
31.8
25.5
11.8
13.8

100.0
42.4
31.4
26.2
12.5
13.7

100.0
40.8
31.7
27.5
12.4
15.1

100.0
41.6
30.9
27.5
12.9
14.6

100.0
42.3
29.7
28.0
13.2
14.8

100.0
41.1
30.4
28.5
13.4
15.2

100.0
41.9
31.5
26.6
11.7
14.9

100.0
41.2
31.8
27.0
12.7
14.3

100.0
42.4
30.2
27.4
12.9
14.5

100.0
41.9
31.1
27.0
12.5
14.5

100.0
42.2
31.1
26.7
12.7
14.1

100.0
42.9
31.1
26.0
12.0
14.0

100.0
42.2
30.0
27.9
13.8
14.1

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks

15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)

1986

1987

Reasons for unemployment
Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

4,035
1,057
2,978
1,071
2,188
1,048

4,214
1,118
3,096
979
2,200
1,046

4,272
1,074
3,198
1,009
2,107
1,050

4,063
1,078
2,985
1,025
2,205
989

3,824
1,017
2,807
990
2,199
1,014

4,044
1,029
3,015
1,041
2,145
1,038

3,984
1,072
2,912
1,027
2,190
972

3,947
1,073
2,874
1,056
2,119
1,076

3,890
1,078
2,812
1,036
2,019
1,015

3,971
1,118
2,854
891
2,054
1,084

3,839
998
2,842
1,046
2,042
1,040

3,822
1,011
2,811
1,000
2,111
956

3,732
958
2,774
923
1,940
911

100.0
48.4
12.7
35.7
12.8
26.2
12.6

100.0
49.9
13.2
36.7
11.6
26.1
12.4

100.0
50.6
12.7
37.9
12.0
25.0
12.4

100.0
49.1
13.0
36.0
12.4
26.6
11.9

100.0
47.6
12.7
35.0
12.3
27.4
12.6

100.0
48.9
12.4
36.5
12.6
25.9
12.6

100.0
48.7
13.1
35.6
12.6
26.8
11.9

100.0
48.1
13.1
35.1
12.9
25.8
13.1

100.0
48.9
13.5
35.3
13.0
25.4
12.8

100.0
49.6
14.0
35.7
11.1
25.7
13.6

100.0
48.2
12.5
35.7
13.1
25.6
13.1

100.0
48.4
12.8
35.6
12.7
26.8
12.1

100.0
49.7
12.8
37.0
12.3
25.8
12.1

3.4
.9
1.9
.9

3.6
.8
1.9
.9

3.6
.9
1.8
.9

3.4
.9
1.9
.8

3.2
.8
1.9

3.4
.9
1.8
.9

3.4
.9
1.8
.8

3.3
.9
1.8
.9

3.3
.9
1.7
.9

3.3
.7
1.7
.9

3.2
.9

3.2
.8
1.8
.8

3.1
.8
1.6
.8

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers

Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants ..,




,

1.7

43

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1.

Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1935 to date

(In thousands)
Service-producing

Goods-producing
Year
and
month

Total

Total
private

Total

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation
and
public
utilities

Total

Wholesale
trade

Retail
trade

Finance,
insurance,
and
Services
real
estate

Government

Federal

State

Local

(1)
(1)
(1)

o

Annual averages
1935
1936
1937
1938 ..

27,039
29,068
31,011
29,194
30,603

1940
1941 .. ,

1942
1943

1944 ..
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949

1950
1951
1952
1953

1954
1955 ..

.,

1956
1957
1958

2

1959

1960
1961

1962
1963

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971 ..
1972
1973

1974
1975
1976
1977
1978 ..

1979
1980
1981
1982

1983
1984
1985
1986

10,893
11,933
12,936
11,401
12,297

897
946
1,015
891
854

927
1,160
1,127
1,070
1,165

32,361
36,539
40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754

1939

23,558
25,400
27,255
25,311
26,608
28,159
31,877
34,624
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897

13,221
15,963
18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18..774
17,565

925
957
992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930

45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268

39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186

18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411

54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384

45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189

70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823
90,406
91,156
89,566
90,200
94,496
97,614
100,167

(1)
(1)
(')
(1)
(1)

(1)

1,320
1,373
1,417
1,410
1,447

3,128
3,312
3,503
3,458
3,502

753
826
833
829
905

1,485
1,525

996

1,828

3,665
3,905
4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,240

1,340
2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908

6,751
7,015
7,192
7,393
7,368
7,610
7,840
7,858
7,770
8,045

1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549

5,357
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087

1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233

1,328
1,415
1,484

4,071
4,232
4,366

3,143
3,133
3,198
3,248
3,337
3,466
3,597
3,689
3,779
3,907

8,248
8,204
8,368
8,530
8,823
9,250
9,648
9,917
10,320
10,798

2,629
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512

7,378
7,620
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169

2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758

1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533

4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904

4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136

3,993
4,001
4,113
4,277
4,433
4,415
4,546
4,708
4,969
5,204

11,047
11,351
11,836
12,329
12,554
12,645
13,209
13,808
14,573
14,989

3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975

11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,303
16,252
17,112

2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773

2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541

7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633

5,146
5,165
5,082
4,954
5,159
5,242
5,286

5,275
5,358
5,278
5,268
5,555
5,740
5,853

15,035
15,189
15,179
15,613
16,545
17,360
17,978

5,160
5,298
5,341
5,468
5,689
5,953
6,305

17,890
18,619
19,036
19,694
20,797
21,974
23,072

2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899

3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,848
3,937

9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,692
9,899

10,794
9,440
10,278

16,146
17,135
18,075
17,793
18,306

2,786
2,973
3,134
2,863
2,936

1,311
1,814
2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194

10,985
13,192
15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441

19,140
20,574
21,636
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189

3,038
3,274
3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001

(1)
1,960
1,906
1,822
1,845
1,949
2,291
2,471
2,605
2,602

5,251
5,212
5,160
5,214
5,365
6,084
6,485
6,667
6,662

901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732

2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004

15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675

26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857

4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011

2,635
2,727
2,812
2,854
2,867
2,926
3,018
3,028
2,980
3,082

20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361

712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619

2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575

16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167

33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023

4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442

58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876

23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461

623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958

3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463

19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040

47,302
48,278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363

74,166
75,126
73,729
74,330
78,472
81,199
83,432

25,658
25,497
23,813
23,334
24,727
24,930
24,938

1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
930
792

4,346
4,188
3,905
3,948
4,383
4,687
4,960

20,285
20,170
18,781
18,434
19,378
19,314
19,186

64,748
65,659
65,753
66,866
69,769
72,684
75,229

9,069
9,827

0
(1)
0)
0
(1)

1,509
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728

1,800 |

0
(1)
(1)
(1)
0)
1
(1)
(1)
()
0
0
(1)
(1)
(1)
0
(1)
0
(1)
(1)
(1)

0
01
()

o
0

()

o

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted

1986:
April
May
June
July
August
September ..;
October
November
December
1987:
January
February
March?
ApriP
1

99,783
99,918
99,843
100,105
100,283
100,560
100,826
101,068
101,322

83,072
83,198
83,161
83,508
83,655
83,786
83,956
84,178
84,394

25,038
24,965
24,854
24,869
24,888
24,858
24,865
24,891
24,920

821
790
772
768
753
743
746
742
738

4,972
4,974
4,947
4,980
5,012
5,010
5,001
4,993
4,996

19,245
19,201
19,135
19,121
19,123
19,105
19,118
19,156
19,186

74,745
74,953
74,989
75,236
75,395
75,702
75,961
76,177
76,402

5,266
5,265
5,167
5,288
5,255
5,316
5,316
5,351
5,359

5,864
5,872
5,829
5,849
5,863
5,859
5,864
5,859
5,859

17,851
17,911
17,944
17,992
18,030
18,065
18,143
18,197
18,206

6,228
6,261
6,295
6,334
6,364
6,388
6,409
6,429
6,472

22,825
22,924
23,072
23,176
23,255
23,300
23,359
23,451
23,578

2,914
2,899
2,875
2,866
2,875
2,901
2,896
2,899
2,907

3,938
3,936
3,927
3,921
3,919
3,932
3,959
3,965
3,983

9,859
9,885
9,880
9,810
9,834
9,941
10,015
10,026
10,038

101,626
101,854
102,009
102,325

84,708
84,948
85,054
85,311

25,008
25,038
25,004
25,046

731
733
735
740

5,109
5,094
5,059
5,082

19,168
19,211
19,210
19,224

76,618
76,816
77,005
77,279

5,382
5,394
5,412
5,415

5,864
5,877
5,877
5,882

18,289
18,368
18,402
18,469

6,495
6,519
6,544
6,581

23,670
23,752
23,815
23,918

2,914
2,917
2,931
2,937

3,983
3,980
3,984
4,003

10,021
10,009
10,040
10,074

Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 1959
benchmark month.
p
= preliminary.
2




NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1985
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1985) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1982) are subject to revision.

45

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Total

Production workers1

All employees
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987 P

Apr.
1987 P

98,617 99,553 100,494 101,131 102,091
81,604 82,547 83,316 83,856 84,775 65,795 66,672 67,134 67,622 68,468

Total private.
Mining

588

566

507

511

44.0
9.7
13.9

32.2
6.5
9.9

32.6
7.5
9.2

32.8
7.4
10.9

33.0
7.4
11.0

146.8
145.0

146.7
144.9

133.8
132.0

133.5
131.8

331.2
118.2
213.0

302.4
113.9
188.5

265.8
105.5
160.3

265.8
105.0
160.8

77.7
27.7

83.9
30.6

75.0
26.1

78.7
28.2

4,889

3,404

3,725

3,476

3,552

1,200.9 1,260.0 1,199.2 1,209.2 1,234.7
588.4 628.3
604.9 613.1
56.8
57.1
54.3
55.1
555.7
574.6 540.0 541.0

872.9
414.5
30.1
428.3

926.9
450.6
30.3
446.0

860.9
420.5
27.7
412.7

870.7
427.5
28.3
414.9

548.6
165.4
383.2

632.9
220.2
412.7

515.3
166.5
348.8

542.4
181.4
361.0

842

814

723

726

43.9
8.8
13.2

43.9
9.7
12.1

43.6
9.6
13.8

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

11,12
12

179.8
177.6

179.1
176.9

163.8
161.7

163.3
161.3

Oil and gas extraction
13
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2
Oil and gas field services
138

514.2
247.5
266.7

479.9
240.9
239.0

415.8
213.1
202.7

414.6
211.8
202.8

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels .
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals ....

104.2
34.9
31.4
20.0

110.8
38.0
34.4
20.0

99.9
33.5
29.5
19.4

104.2
35.6
30.8
19.8

4,441

4,783

4,559

4,644

733

14
142
144
147

Construction .
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction

15
152
153
154

Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway .

16
161
162

Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning ...
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating .
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

679.2
208.0
471.2

764.3
264.8
499.5

636.5
212.0
424.5

416.4

665.0
228.4
436.6

517

3,779

1,982.7 2,165.6 2,099.3 2,139.2
468.6
444.3 455.4 468.1
134.5
134.5
131.5
120.8
378.4 389.7 404.0 403.9
382.9 377.4 386.9
348.1
128.9
126.7
126.8
117.8
152.4
162.1
149.1
143.8

2,561.0 2,758.7 2,723.2 2,769.4
609.7 622.9 643.5 644.6
163.2
160.2
163.2
148.3
494.2 507.0 527.3 528.1
447.8 450.7 460.2
411.1
167.5
168.6
171.0
158.1
191.7
195.0
182.2 201.9

Manufacturing ....

19,148 19,154 19,061

19,102 19,134 12,982 12,997 12,945 12,993 13,026

Durable goods.

11,384 11,390 11,231

11,257 11,268

7,528

7,538

7,422

7,455

7,470

743.0

584.1
62.2
169.4
139.7
26.7
201.1
75.5
52.5
21.3
36.4
34.9
51.9
39.1
64.6

590.6
59.6
172.0
142.0
27.0
205.1
76.7
53.5
21.4
36.8
35.5
54.1
40.0
64.3

607.5
64.5
176.6
144.2
29.2
216.2
81.8
57.3
22.3
38.1
34.4
50.9
37.4
64.9

611.9
61.8
178.2
145.4
29.4
219.6
83.8
58.2
22.2
38.3
35.0
51.4
37.3
65.9

619.6

Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
See footnotes at end of table.

46



24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

695.9
74.1
191.4
157.5
30.4
243.1
94.0
64.8
24.3
39.7
41.3
68.6
49.3
77.4

704.3
71.7
194.5
160.2
30.8
248.1
95.6
66.0
24.4
40.2
42.0
70.7
49.9
77.3

729.7
77.0
202.5
165.5
33.4
262.5
101.7
71.6
25.5
41.8
40.8
68.1
46.8
78.8

735.1
74.8
203.9
166.5
33.6
266.3
103.6
72.7
25.4
42.1
41.5
68.7
47.0
79.9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers

All employees
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

494.8
297.0
132.3
92.4
31.2
28.2
65.9
25.9
67.8
38.2

495.3
297.2
132.8
91.8
31.0
28.6
65.7
25.7
68.3
38.4

504.6
306.1
136.2
96.7
33.3
28.3
66.1
27.3
68.1
37.0

506.5
307.3
136.1
97.1
33.6
28.8
66.1
27.4
68.8
36.9

507.9

396.0
249.7
115.0
76.4
25.7
21.7
51.1
19.8
49.4
26.0

396.1
249.8
115.7
75.9
25.4
21.9
50.7
19.6
49.7
26.3

404.4
258.6
119.1
80.5
27.7
21.5
51.1
21.1
48.7
24.9

406.2
259.9
119.1
81.1
27.8
22.0
51.0
21.1
49.1
25.1

407.3
-

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool

32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
3296

578.9
15.2
90.6
47.0
43.6
52.4
22.8
37.0
35.0
201.0
18.9
68.6
93.0
113.1
20.1
10.5
27.0

593.7
15.0
91.4
47.5
43.9
52.6
22.7
38.0
34.9
213.9
19.5
71.1
102.7
113.3
20.0
10.5
26.8

572.6
14.5
90.7
46.5
44.2
53.4
21.7
37.1
34.5
199.8
19.2
67.0
93.2
108.6
19.9
10.4
24.6

579.6
14.5
91.7
47.4
44.3
54.0
21.8
37.6
34.4
204.8
19.7
68.1
96.6
108.2
19.7
10.5
24.1

591.0
_

443.4
11.9
77.2
42.1
35.1
36.7
17.8
28.4
27.6
154.6
12.6
52.3
73.6
79.9
13.3
79
.

457.5
11.7
111
42.6
35.1
37.0
17.7
29.5
27.4
166.5
13.0
54.5
82.9
80.5
13.2
79
.

439.3 446.7
11.3
11.4
77.4
78.3
42.6
41.7
35.7
35.7
37.6
38.2
16.8
16.9
29.0
29.6
27.3
27.4
157.0
152.3
12.7
13.0
50.1
51.3
73.8
76.9
77.8
111
13.1
13.2
80
.
. 7.9
-

457.5

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries
,

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

791.1
295.0
229.2
23.2
138.7
87.4
99
.
27.7
41.7
23.8
187.4
23.6
30.8
80.5
84.9
52.5

790.2
294.7
228.8
23.0
138.4
87.0
99
.
27.8
41.7
23.7
187.7
23.5
31.1
80.5
84.6
52.3

751.2
271.7
208.2
21.5
132.9
83.0
93
.
26.0
39.8
23.0
183.0
23.4
29.3
78.2
83.0
51.1

761.8
280.6
216.5
21.7
134.3
83.3
95
.
26.7
39.9
23.0
183.2
23.7
29.2
78.3
82.9
51.2

764.7
283.1
_

600.7
227.4
179.3
16.7
109.5
71.7
70
.
20.4
29.5
17.4
133.6
18.2
22.3
57.3
68.4
42.9

600.4
227.6
179.3
16.6
109.3
71.3
70
.
20.5
29.6
17.3
133.9
18.1
22.7
57.2
67.9
42.6

562.3
203.1
156.3
15.5
104.0
67.1
66
.
19.2
27.5
15.8
130.7
18.3
21.4
55.0
67.0
41.9

573.9
212.0
164.8
15.7
105.6
67.6
68
.
19.9
211
15.9
131.7
18.6
21.4
55.4
66.9
42.0

577.1
214.7
-

Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
.....
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work

34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446

1,443.9 1,445.4 1,420.7 1,422.9 1,426.6 1,065.1 1,068.9 1,048.1 1,052.0 1,056.5
_
50.0
50.4
48.3
48.5
58.7
56.9
56.8
58.3
41.2
39.5
39.5
41.0
45.5
45.6
46.8
47.0
104.8
104.4
101.9
102.4
139.1
142.4 142.1
139.2
35.3
35.1
35.4
35.7
49.2
48.5
48.3
49.0
60.4
77.6
60.1
58.2
58.5
80.5
80.3
77.8
46.8
46.3
46.7
47.0
65.6
65.3
65.5
65.9
18.8
18.9
18.5
18.8
25.6
25.4
25.7
25.7
19.7
19.1
19.6
19.1
28.9
28.9
28.6
28.5
298.4 301.6 295.0 296.4
430.1
422.3 423.7
428.1
53.0
52.9
49.9
49.6
70.8
74.4
74.8
71.3
64.1
89.2
66.1
64.3
65.1
87.9
87.5
89.5
60.4
92.5
60.0
95.2
93.0
58.0
57.8
96.1
79.4
79.8
80.2
79.0
108.2
108.1
108.0
107.9
20.1
20.6
20.9
20.7
28.1
27.8
28.1
28.3

See footnotes at end of table.




47

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products

1972
SIC
Code

345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471

3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496

Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment ....
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment ....
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves .
Machinery, except electrical, nee

35
351

Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ,
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers ....
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans

36
361
3612

See footnotes at end of table.

48



3511
3519
352
3523
353

3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359

3592
3599

3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632

3633
3634

Production workers1

All employees
Mar.
1986

97.4
45.7
51.7

242.4
34.1
104.4
93.0
112.6
75.0
37.6
78.6
44.3
218.2
84.1
51.0

Apr.
1986

97.6
45.8
51.8
241.7
33.8
104.0
93.1
113.2
75.2
38.0
79.4
45.1
217.3
83.5
51.3

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

100.0
91.9

97.5
45.6
51.9
233.0
31.7
99.5
91.5

116.4
76.6
39.8
81.3
47.1
208.4
77.6
50.7

117.3
76.8
40.5
81.7
47.2
208.1
77.5
50.9

97.0
45.5
51.5
233.8
31.6

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

74.4
37.0
37.4
194.8
26.3
89.4
71.1
90.2
60.7
29.5
48.9
26.9
156.8
56.0
38.5

Apr.
1986

74.4
37.0
37.4
194.5
26.1
89.1
71.3
91.0
61.0
30.0
50.1
28.0
156.2
55.4
38.8

Feb.
1987

74.1
37.2
36.9
187.5
24.3
85.3
70.5
93.0
61.8
31.2
51.7
29.5
149.9
51.3
38.1

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

74.5
37.3
37.2
186.5
24.4
84.8
69.9
93.8
62.1
31.7
52.6
29.8
150.3
51.5
38.5

2,122.3 2,115.0 2,042.8 2,046.6 2,052.1 1,274.5 1,269.8 1,215.8 1,219.7 1,226.0
59.2
59.1
99.7
63.0
63.4
94.2
94.4
100.3
15.7
15.8
17.3
17.6
32.7
32.3
29.5
29.5
43.5
43.3
45.7
45.8
67.4
64.7
67.6
64.9
69.4
68.0
68.9
68.6
99.9 100.8 102.8
99.2
45.9
44.5
47.0
46.7
72.1
70.6
72.6
71.5
126.7
126.1
240.1 235.5 216.3 215.1
143.9
147.4
45.4
45.0
84.1
51.5
51.3
84.0
78.7
78.0
11.3
11.2
11.9
12.1
18.7
19.0
18.6
19.3
23.3
23.2
31.6
34.6
52.4
40.1
56.2
39.9
15.4
15.4
16.1
16.5
30.3
30.2
30.5
29.9
17.3
17.3
17.5
17.3
24.7
24.9
24.8
24.9
214.1
219.6 214.1
220.1
308.6 307.9 300.8 300.3
30.3
30.4
33.3
33.6
48.4
53.0
48.5
53.5
11.0
11.0
11.1
11.2
18.5
18.2
18.1
18.6
111.4 111.5
112.1
111.7
144.6 145.1 145.2
143.8
36.6
36.6
37.9
38.0
54.4
52.4
52.6
54.8
14.7
14.7
15.2
15.4
21.0
20.2
20.2
21.3
94.6
94.3
96.3
97.2
164.3 163.2 158.5 159.1
23.4
23.2
23.4
23.5
38.7
38.2
38.5
38.8
12.8
12.7
11.9
12.1
17.7
18.8
19.1
18.0
16.1
16.1
16.8
16.8
29.1
27.8
27.9
29.1
165.7 166.1
167.7
167.7
264.4
260.2
260.1
264.6
26.5
26.0
29.0
28.9
48.6
45.4
46.3
48.7
34.5
34.5
34.2
33.9
46.2
45.8
45.3
46.1
13.3
13.1
13.8
13.5
24.4
23.3
23.5
24.1
20.5
20.9
20.0
19.9
31.7
32.5
31.9
31.6
14.2
14.0
14.4
14.2
20.7
20.6
20.7
20.6
10.6
10.6
10.6
10.7
15.8
15.7
15.7
15.9
152.5
153.0
169.6
171.7
483.6 461.0
459.8
486.7
140.4 138.8 124.0 123.7
420.1 400.5
399.3
423.3
122.1 122.8
121.1
119.3
170.2 172.0 171.1 172.5
90.7
90.4
88.7
86.8
122.9
123.8
124.7
120.8
214.9
212.8
219.7
219.1
288.8 279.9 282.5
288.3
28.9
28.5
30.0
29.8
34.8
36.8
34.3
36.6
186.0
184.3
189.7
189.3
247.7
251.7
252.0 245.6
2,175.3 2,170.6 2,148.4 1,141.1 2,137.9 1,254.9 1,248.7 1,243.1 1,238.3 1,237.5
82.9
83.1
83.8
84.3
116.7 116.3 114.2 113.7
39.8
39.7
39.6
39.7
54.0
53.5
53.5
53.8
43.1
43.4
44.2
44.6
62.3
60.7
60.,
62.9
196.7
136.2
136.6
137.6
138.6
196.
197.7
196.8
98.0
75.9
76.1
75.8
76.5
99.7
99.3
98.9
62.4
35.1
35.4
37.1
37.3
60.5
60.3
62.4
109.4
104.4
109.6
106
135.3 133.7 138.7 138.5
26.8
22.5
21.;
22.4
20.9
27.5
27.6
26.4
22.0
18.;
17.5
18.1
17.6
23.1
23.
21.9|
34.4
26.2
25.5
26.6
26.9
35.0
34.6
35.9

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Electrical and electronic equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1972
SIC
Code

364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

Production workers1

All employees
Mar.
1986

194.9
27.4
79.2
17.7
26.6
79.3
62.8
663.0
125.7
537.3
638.1
42.8
267.1
259.7
150.3
27.7
63.8

Apr.
1986

194.6
27.2
79.3
17.7
26.6
78.1
62.1
662.1
124.8
537.3
638.7
42.6
267.3
259.7
150.4
27.9
63.8

Feb.
1987

189.3
27.5
74.9
16.6
27.0
77.3
59.9
648.4
116.2
532.2
633.7
40.9
263.2
260.3
150.0
28.9
64.1

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

141.1
23.6
52.2
12.5
20.2
54.6
43.2
275.8
73.0
202.8
351.4
25.4
99.4
175.5
102.9
21.6
47.0

188.9
27.5
74.5
16.7
26.6
76.7
59.3
643.4
112.9
530.5
634.2
41.2
262.5
261.0
149.5
29.0
63.8

Apr.
1986

140.5
23.4
52.1
12.5
20.0
53.5
42.7
274.9
73.0
201.9
351.1
25.4
99.5
174.8
102.9
21.6
47.1

Feb.
1987

136.4
23.4
48.6
11.8
20.6
52.4
40.0
269.5
68.2
201.3
351.4
25.4
100.7
173.4
104.1
22.5
48.7

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987 P

136.1
23.2
48.5
11.9
20.2
51.8
39.3
265.9
65.9
200.0
352.5
25.7
100.8
174.2
103.5
22.4
48.5

1,991.3 1,986.3 1,992.3 1,987.6 1,971.2 1,253.6 1,249.0 1,254.9 1,250.9 1,233.4
630.1
648.7 644.1
815.8 661.2 658.3
835.6 829.1
857.7 852.6
282.6 276.3
291.5 291.0
376.5 368.2
392.0 389.9
31.9
31.0
29.2
29.1
40.7
39.7
37.4
37.3
300.7
307.0 304.4 301.0
374.9 374.5
384.6 381.4
21.9
20.7
21.2
20.6
28.4
27.7
27.2
27.1
341.7
320.9 321.2 341.1
661.9 663.0 687.5 687.6
164.1
163.5
148.2
147.7
367.7 368.1
347.4 348.7
111
111
74.9
75.5
151.6
151.8
147.6
147.9
99.9
99.9
98.1
97.7
167.9
168.0
166.7
166.6
136.5 136.3
140.0
139.9
183.6
183.3
186.3
186.4
94.5
95.4
99.8
100.8
132.0
132.6
136.8
138.0
41.8
41.1
40.2
39.1
51.6
50.7
49.5
48.4
16.5
16.8
21.5
22.2
24.7
25.0
30.8
31.6
65.6
65.9
62.2
62.8
194.3
193.7
186.3
185.7
All
48.1
46.6
46.9
148.4
148.2
143.3
143.0
37.9
37.6
36.7
37.5
55.6
55.1
54.4
55.1
18.0
17.8
16.9
16.9
23.1
22.7
21.5
21.5

Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts ....
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

724.2
83.9
252.8
43.0
55.4
109.9
32.8
182.0
86.6
80.4
39.4
122.1
11.2

721.6
83.8
252.1
42.7
55.0
109.8
32.5
182.1
87.1
79.9
39.6
120.4
11.1

705.1
82.6
244.4
41.7
52.3
104.2
31.1
182.8
86.4
81.5
42.1
110.7
11.4

706.3
83.0
244.7
41.9
52.3
104.3
31.2
182.8
86.4
81.5
42.4
110.6
11.6

705.2

392.1
36.3
139.3
27.4
28.4
55.6
16.2
109.9
49.3
52.3
26.1
56.5
7.8

391.5
36.5
139.1
27.4
28.0
55.5
16.2
110.3
49.7
52.2
26.7
55.0
7.7

383.0
36.8
136.0
26.5
26.9
52.2
15.3
110.5
50.3
51.8
28.4
48.0
8.0

385.3
37.1
137.3
27.0
27.0
52.7
15.4
110.4
50.5
51.6
28.7
48.2
8.2

385.4

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles..
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993

366.0
54.0
36.5
14.4
96.2
43.3
52.9
32.0
38.1
21.3
131.3
55.2

367.7
53.1
35.9
14.3
97.4
44.2
53.2
32.1
39.1
21.6
131.7
55.4

363.4
51.9
34.7
15.1
96.9
42.6
54.3
31.8
40.1
23.5
127.6
53.5

369.8
52.1
35.0
15.2
100.1
44.1
56.0
32.0
42.1
25.3
128.3
53.7

368.8

263.3
36.6
24.5
11.5
70.7
29.5
41.2
21.4
28.8
16.0
94.3
38.8

265.3
36.2
24.3
11.4
71.7
30.3
41.4
21.7
29.7
16.4
94.6
39.0

264.0
36.0
23.8
12.4
72.0
30.3
41.7
21.8
31.1
18.3
90.7
37.2

270.0
36.2
24.1
12.4
75.1
31.7
43.4
21.8
33.0
20.1
91.5
37.5

269.8

See footnotes at end of table.




49

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats .
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ...
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool.
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yam mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists .
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339

See footnotes at end of table.

50




Production workers

A l employees
l
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

7,764 7,764 7,830 7,845 7,866 5,454 5,459 5,523 5,538 5,556
1,573.0 1,572.8 1,601.6 1,602.9 1,603.8 1,090.1 1,089 0 1,117.8 1,118.7 1,117.5
326.1
316.3
384.7
383.1
372.9 371.6
315.5 324.1
117.4
116.8
118.4
140.6
140.1
140.3
141.6
117.3
54.0
54.2
53.4
53.6
73.6
73.9
72.9
73.6
122.7
134.0
131.3
129.8
123.4
145.1
143.9
134.8
95.4
98.6
97.4
164.0
162.4
162.0
161.3
95.6
30.0
29.8
38.8
38.5
39.0
39.0
29.8
29.6
42.4
87.9
87.1
86.8
44.6
44.1
42.4
88.5
210.4 210.4 217.0 221.1
177.5
174.2
169.2
168.5
16.9
16.7
16.4
24.4
24.6
23.6
23.5
17.2
70.5
67.0
65.2
56.3
55.3
52.4
51.0
71.6
41.6
47.9
46.5
47.2
47.9
41.9
40.6
40.5
82.9
83.2
121.3
122.6
122.2
122.8
84.3
82.9
14.7
14.9
22.1
22.3
22.0
22.1
14.9
15.1
27.4
27.5
43.1
43.1
43.8
44.3
27.2
27.2
125.7
210.7 211.1
129.5
213.8 215.0
128.8
126.0
91.7
168.2
167.2
166.2
89.9
168.5
91.8
91.2
44.5
37.8
37.0
35.8
46.5
45.6
43.9
34.8
72.3
68.9
88.1 ' 99.3 94.4
89.9
77.1
67.1
24.0
19.0
18.8
15.0
14.2
20.3
18.8
14.5
44.2
44.7
40.4
42.1
54.5
55.3
50.5
52.1
26.2
34.2
35.2
35.6
24.9
25.3
25.8
34.8
91.4
90.7
89.5
211.4 211.3
212.2 213.9
90.4
26.6
26.7
27.4
42.5
43.5
43.2
27.4
42.3
124.7
40.2
40.3
40.0
123.3
124.0
125.8
40.9
115.7
115.5
115.9
117.2
157.2
158.3
157.2
156.9
60.9
43.2

59.3
43.0

59.8
42.5

57.4
41.8

55.9
-

45.2
31.8

43.8
31.6

44.9
31.4

42.6
30.8

41.6
-

703.4
101.5
88.8
16.7
21.3
200.7
35.6
34.7
66.0
23.5
22.8
58.4
22.5
21.5
57.6
102.8
73.4
16.1
55.6

703.6
100.6
88.7
16.8
21.2
202.5
35.4
34.9
66.8
23.8
23.0
57.9
22.4
21.5
57.4
103.0
73.6
16.1
55.5

721.4
102.8
91.6
16.8
21.6
206.1
35.2
35.4
70.5
23.1
23.6
58.7
22.7
21.7
59.6
108.1
78.2
17.1
56.1

724.7
102.9
92.1
16.7
21.6
207.2
35.3
35.5
70.9
23.4
23.9
59.0
22.9
21.6
60.8
108.4
78.3
17.1
56.0

726.6
-

607.8
91.5
79.1
14.0
18.4
174.1
31.6
30.9
57.7
19.3
19.7
49.2
19.2
17.5
47.6
90.9
66.1
13.8
43.0

607.9
90.6
78.9
14.1
18.3
176.1
31.5
31.1
58.5
19.7
19.9
48.6
19.1
17.5
47.4
91.2
66.3
13.8
42.7

626.6
92.6
81.7
13.8
18.8
180.9
31.3
31.8
62.7
20.0
20.5
49.3
19.3
17.6
48.6
97.0
71.0
15.0
43.9

629.9
92.8
82.0
13.8
18.8
182.0
31.4
31.8
63.2
20.2
20.9
49.7
19.5
17.6
49.7
97.4
71.1
15.1
43.7

631.7
-

1,119.9 1,121.1 1,116.1 1,116.6 1,119.7
_
58.6
59.4
60.1
60.6
317.4
315.5 320.0 316.3
85.7
85.7
85.4
84.8
53.5
53.9
56.3
57.0
99.5
98.8
100.6
97.3
356.2 358.9
365.5 362.1
53.0
52.8
52.5
51.9
94.2
90.9
99.4
97.5
41.1
42.5
42.6
40.6
170.6
170.0
170.1
173.0

944.2
52.2
273.1
73.2
49.9
85.4
306.9
43.8
84.7
33.0
145.4

947.0
51.8
277.2
74.3
49.3
88.1
304.3
43.1
83.1
35.0
143.1

942.1
50.9
273.5
73.3
47.4
86.5
300.2
43.8
75.9
34.5
146.0

942.2
50.2
274.6
73.5
46.8
87.4
302.8
44.1
78.9
33.1
146.7

944.7
-

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

SIC
uode

234
2341
2342

236
2361

238
239
2391
2392
2396

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

26

Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

27
271
272
273

261,2,6

262
263
264
2641
2642
2643

265
2651
2653
2654

2731
2732

274
275
2751
2752

276
278
279

Chemicals and allied products
28
Industrial inorganic chemicals
281
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
2819
282
Plastics materials and synthetics
2821
Plastics materials and resins
2824
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
283
Drugs
2834
Pharmaceutical preparations
284
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
2841
Soap and other detergents
2844
Toilet preparations
2842,3
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
285
Paints and allied products
286
Industrial organic chemicals
2865
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee .. 2861,9
287
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products
289
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

29
291
295

Production workers

A l employees
l

1972
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

63.7
52.0
11.7
51.3
21.9
34.6
148.2
21.0
42.0
31.5

64.3
52.7
11.6
52.7
22.9
34.7
147.9
21.1
41.9
31.4

60.9
50.4
10.5
52.1
23.1
34.8
155.4
22.0
43.6
33.5

59.1
48.5
10.6
50.2
21.9
35.5
155.7
22.3
44.1
33.0

519.4
150.2
130.7
42.1
174.6
36.6
21.4
41.5
152.5
33.7
78.8
20.0

519.7
150.3
130.9
42.0
174.2
36.7
21.2
41.0
153.2
33.8
78.6
20.2

523.9
149.0
129.6
41.2
179.6
38.2
22.1
43.4
154.1
33.5
79.0
21.1

525.5
148.5
129.2
41.0
180.9
38.8
22.0
43.2
155.1
34.0
79.2
21.5

527.8

1,470.8 1,473.5 1,503.9 1,507.5 1,515.8
_
458.7 458.9 461.3 460.6
115.4
111.1
115.1
112.1
117.9
114.0 115.0 117.3
87.4
87.1
84.8
84.1
30.5
30.2
30.2
29.9
85.6
79.5
85.4
78.4
510.7 512.5 525.4 528.8
171.1
164.7 166.8 168.5
327.6 328.2
318.0 318.1
47.0
47.5
47.3
47.6
75.1
74.7
73.6
73.7
54.8
52.8
55.1
52.8

819.5
170.2
32.6
61.0
37.2
23.8
42.6
372.4
120.9
229.5
33.4
59.4
39.6

823.1
170.9
33.1
62.0
37.9
24.1
43.3
373.5
122.2
229.5
33.1
59.5
39.6

839.9
171.1
37.1
63.0
39.1
23.9
46.5
379.9
122.1
234.4
33.4
59.9
41.2

842.4
169.8
37.2
63.7
39.7
24.0
46.5
382.7
123.8
235.3
33.2
60.6
41.0

849.1

1,029.8 1,026.7 1,016.4 1,017.8 1,017.6
_
133.2 133.1
138.9 138.5
87.8
87.9
9.
1 1 91.1
164.0 163.6
167.8 166.9
74.5
74.1
74.4
74.1
59.5
62.5
59.8
63.1
204.3 204.3 207.4 207.7
167.8
164.8 164.8 167.6
148.7
146.3 144.2 148.9
41.2
41.1
40.8
41.1
63.4
66.6
66.5
64.7
40.0
40.9
41.3
40.5
62.6
63.5
62.2
63.1
151.6
151.4
155.8 155.3
28.7
30.1
30.1
28.6
122.9
125.7 125.2 122.8
57.3
60.0
56.4
59.2
93.2
94.0
94.4
92.9

573.0
70.8
48.7
113.2
44.8
45.2
96.0
76.7
92.6
26.3
44.3
22.0
30.2
80.9
20.0
60.9
36.9
52.4

572.5
71.0
49.0
112.4
44.6
44.9
96.1
76.8
91.1
25.9
43.3
21.9
30.7
81.5
20.0
61.5
37.5
52.2

569.9
68.8
48.8
109.9
44.1
43.3
96.9
77.6
93.9
26.0
45.9
22.0
30.3
83.3
19.0
64.3
35.0
51.8

572.1
69.0
49.0
109.4
44.1
43.0
96.9
77.4
93.6
25.9
45.8
21.9
30.6
84.3
19.1
65.2
36.1
52.2

571.4

157.5

100.8
77.1
17.4

102.6
77.0
19.3

99.0
75.0
17.9

100.4
75.5
18.8

102.G

76.2
60.5
15.7
61.6
25.1
41.8
180.8
26.2
49.8
37.6

76.8
61.2
15.6
62.5
26.0
41.8
180.0
26.3
49.4
37.4

73.5
59.0
14.5
61.8
26.2
41.7
189.2
27.3
51.8
39.6

71.6
57.1
14.5
60.0
25.0
42.6
189.7
27.6
52.2
39.3

684.7
196.2
171.9
55.1
236.8
58.7
27.7
52.7
196.6
42.6
104.0
23.8

685.1
196.2
171.8
54.8
236.6
58.8
27.6
52.4
197.5
42.8
103.9
24.0

689.7
195.9
171.3
54.7
240.8
59.7
28.0
54.6
198.3
42.5
104.0
24.6

691.6
195.5
171.0
54.7
242.0
59.6
28.1
54.5
199.4
43.1
104.1
25.1

163.7
129.2
23.5

165.4
128.8
25.6

155.2
120.3
24.0

156.0
120.0
25.1

692.7

_

_

-

-

-

-

See footnotes at end of table.




51

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and piastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

1972
SIC
Code

Production workers1

All employees
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

643.8

634.9
62.2
9.7

639.0
62.1
9.4

14.7
84.0
450.6

14.7
83.6
451.8

15.4
84.3
463.3

15.6
84.8
467.1

152.1

129.8
11.8
79.8
32.5
29.4
8.1
16.1

128.9
11.9
79.4
32.3
29.4
7.9
15.7

124.3
11.0
75.4
30.9
29.3
7.5
15.3

124.7
11.2
75.7
30.9
29.2
7.4
15.6

126.3

5,345

5,377

4,312

4,327

4,397

4,419

4,451

3,090

3,110

3,144

269.7
87.7

269.8
87.5

273.7
88.6

277.4
89.0

32.0

31.8

30.5

31.2

800.8
89.4
12.3

815.5
86.2
11.7

819.9
85.8
11.6

303,4
306
307

21.7
109.2
567.0

21.7
108.8
568.6

21.5
109.7
586.4

31
311

157.0
14.1
94.6
40.7
33.5
11.0
20.1

155.9
14.4
93.9
40.1
33.5
10.9
19.6

150.0
13.5
88.6
37.9
33.1
10.4
18.9

150.4
13.7
88.8
38.0
33.0
10.5
19.1

5,215

5,229

5,321

3,001

3,016

824.4

21.7
110.2
590.6

Transportation

Feb.
1987

624.6
64.1
10.4

800.5
90.1
12.5

Transportation and public utilities

Apr.
1986

624.5
64.5
10.7

30
301
302

314
3143
3144
316
317

Mar.
1986

Railroad transportation
Class I railroads2

40
4011

325.5
295.0

329.0
297.9

295.8
266.3

295.1
265.7

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses

41
411
412
413
415

290.4
95.0
37.5
35.4
99.0

290.8
95.0
37.4
35.1
99.7

296.2
96.9
37.4
33.7
103.2

299.6
97.4
37.3
34.3
104.1

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

Water transportation
Local water transportation
Water transportation services

44
445
446

179.7
25.9
96.5

176.9
26.6
93.2

176.2
25.0
99.3

175.8
25.9
97.1

Transportation by air
Air transportation
Air transportation services

45
451,2
458

535.7
469.6
66.1

540.8
474.3
66.5

584.3
515.9
68.4

587.1
517.7
69.4

Pipe lines, except natural gas

46

18.3

18.3

17.6

17.7

Transportation services
Freight forwarding

47
471

286.4
65.7

289.1
66.5

300.4
74.3

304.1
75.1

Communication and public utilities
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting
Television broadcasting

48
481
483
4832
4833

Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

49
491
492
493
495

See footnotes at end of table.

52



2,235
2,213 2,231
2,214
1,298.6 1,296.7 1,306.4 1,307.8
887.7 887.9
881.6
883.5
241.6
242.9 241.1
243.3
115.3
115.2
116.0
116.1
126.3
125.9
126.9
127.2

13.4

13.3

12.8

12.8

994.3
660.1
199.5

994.5
659.7
199.7

982.6
645.4
198.0

985.0
646.4
198.5

727.0
349.0
129.6
168.8
58.2

728.1
349.3
128.6
169.2
59.2

730.0
351.2
128.5
166.5
61.6

731.5
352.1
128.4
166.3
62.3

2,233

50
501
5012
5013

915.1
451.2
165.1
204.8
67.6

916.6
451.9
163.7
205.3
68.8

924.9
459.1
162.5
204.4
71.1

927.5
460.7
162.2
204.7
71.9

5,803

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Automotive parts and supplies

1,183.6 1,190.4 1,234.5 1,243.7
1,106.6 1,112.8 1,151.4 1,161.1
83.1
77.6
82.6
77.0

1,364.8 1,370.6 1,419.3 1,430.8
1,272.6 1,278.2 1,320.1 1,332.1
98.7
99.2
92.4
92.2

5,838

5,827

5,839

5,856

4,651

4,684

4,655

4,665

3,466
424.7
107.5
286.4

3,478
426.4
107.3
287.5

3,478
427.8
108.6
287.9

3,486
427.4
107.8
288.0

3,492

2,760
339.5

2,770
341.3

2,754
342.0

2,758
342.9

4,680

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
uode

Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, TV and radios
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies ....
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Commercial machines and equipment
Construction and mining machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Professional equipment and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wines and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
Farm supplies

502
5021
5023
503
5031
5039
504
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
509
5093

Production workers1

All employees
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

107.4

138.4
132.9
137.9
133.1
59.4
57.5
59.5
57.5
78.4
79.0
75.4
75.6
224.1
228.6 229.4
220.4
106.4
105.9
102.8
102.0
122.7
118.4
123.0
121.3
83.1
83.8
82.3
83.1
135.7
135.8
139.8
139.4
494.6
500.2 495.3
500.5
268.4
268.8
272.6 271.7
75.6
75.2
74.9
74.8
153.7
151.3
153.0
150.6
262.1
268.6 269.3
261.3
92.5
88.1
92.2
88.0
105.7
107.7
105.4
108.0
1,504.6 1,509.2 1,501.7 1,505.7
548.4
555.8 555.6
546.6
81.3
81.7
81.6
80.9
124.6
127.5
123.9
125.4
324.4 321.8 306.9 307.9
133.8
133.6
133.1
133.5
179.7
178.7
179.4
177.3
198.7
199.7
200.5 202.4
91.2
91.2
90.2
90.6

_
180.5
68.2
110.1
385.4
_

Retail trade

107.0

184.2
68.7
110.3
385.0
_

Feb.
1987

110.3
_
186.7
67.1
106.3
376.2
-

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

111.4
_
187.8
68.1
106.7
376.2
-

_
_
_
_
208.4 209.5 215.9
216.1
_
1,200.9 1,203.6 1,190.3 1,187.6
-

_
159.3
-

160.1
-

159.6
-

_
161.3
-

1,891
153.8
142.3
146.5
623.5
-

1,914
153.8
142.2
145.4
642.5
-

1,901
154.0
143.2
148.7
637.6
-

1,907
154.3
145.0
149.3
636.1
-

96.0
156.7
121.9
_
347.2
-

94.0
155.9
-

93.1
152.3
123.5
_
346.0
-

94.1
151.8
124.0
349.0
-

15,689 15,853

15,946

555.4
306.2
128.3

569.0
310.4
130.2

2,337
188.9
170.9
196.4
738.5
243.5
65.8
86.4
132.6
203.3
84.5
118.8
147.9
91.8
56.1
431.0
148.5

2,360
189.1
170.8
194.7
759.1
243.9
64.9
105.6
130.4
201.6
83.1
118.5
149.1
92.8
56.3
436.5
155.6

2,349
189.8
173.7
197.6
756.2
249.3
66.1
93.2
129.2
196.6
80.2
116.4
150.2
93.8
56.4
428.7
141.7

2,353
189.4
175.6
198.6
753.7
248.8
65.7
90.5
129.2
195.8
79.8
116.0
150.9
94.4
56.5
433.0
146.0

17,418

51
511
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191

Apr.
1986

17,655

17,872

17,979

18,266 15,470

667.9
354.8
152.6

690.9
363.0
155.6

872.3
364.4
154.3

687.7
369.7
156.4

559.0
300.5
128.5

2,364
-

122.6
_
_
353.2
-

581.4
307.9
131.2

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

2,246.4 2,255.1 2,271.4 2,271.3 2,274.3 2,109.2 2,117.4 2,128.8 2,129.9
1,798.7 1,803.4 1,809.9 1,808.6
1,896.6 1,900.6 1,911.7 1,909.5
198.6 201.5 205.0 207.4
229.8
220.2 223.4
227.5
113.9
113.9
112.5
111.9
132.0
129.6
132.2
131.1

Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioned
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
542
545
546

2,865.9 2,878.4 2,981.4 2,973.1 2,992.1 2,647.2 2,657.1 2,742.1 2,736.3
_
2,321.7 2,331 1 2,397.9 2,392.2
2,498.2 2,510.1 2,594.4 2,586.3
64.2
63.9
61.8
63.0
46.4
49.6
46.3
48.6
152.3
152.3
145.8
146.0
167.7
161.7
167.6
161.9

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

16,19*

1,917.6 1,932.6 1,962.0 1,969.2 1,979.9 1,599.8 1,614.5 1,639.5 1,646.9
788.4
774.1 787.6
773.6
932.4 951.8
952.6
931.0
238.8 244.1 244.5 247.0
299.1 304.0 304.0 306.9
537.0 537.0
521.8
517.8
617.2 616.1
600.2 603.8

See footnotes at end of table.




53

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings .
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

1972
SIC
Code

56
561
562
565

566

Production workers1

All employees
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

882.3
90.1
326.0
187.3
169.6

891.4
90.1
332.2
188.5
170.8

909.5
90.0
334.9
193.1
168.1

914.6
89.0
336.9
194.7
170.3

804.3
452.5
285.0

640.4
350.9

640.5
352.4

666.9
371.0

666.3
372.1

89.2
262.6
190.9

73.7
215.8

72.8
215.3

73.7
222.2

Apr.
1987P

75.6
218.6

1,049.3 1,058.7 1,081.5 1,086.1
108.4
109.8
108.6
109.3
390.8
394.7
384.9
396.3
218.3
224.0
217.0
226.3
210.5 211.9 210.0 210.6

Furniture and home furnishings stores ....
Furniture and home furnishings stores .
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores
Radio and television stores
Music stores

57
571
5712
572
573
5732
5733

Eating and drinking places ...

58

5,692.1 5,859.4 5,822.9 5,930.0 6,122.6 5,158.4 5,319.1 5,293.5 5,386.6

Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods
Nonstore retailers
Mail order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

59

2,208.6 2,207.9 2,277.1 2,256.9
555.4 555.7 576.2 579.1
127.9 128.6 129.0 128.6
729.1 728.9 751.3 741.6
123.6 123.3 130.1 128.5
77.3
76.9
80.2
79.4

591

592
594
5941

5942
5943

770.4
427.2
268.3
86.7
256.5
186.4
70.1

803.7
451.3
283.0
87.1
265.3
193.0
72.3

71.7

610.3

5962
598
599

81.8
112.6
348.0
6,144

6,203

6,462

6,501

6,554

3,089

3,111

3,239

3,257

629.1

619.0

229.6

227.6

227.9

94.8
288.3

92.4
289.3

101.0
299.2

99.5
287.1

4,530

4,580

4,751

4,780

3,276

Finance, insurance, and real estate3
Finance .
Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks
State banks, Federal Reserve
State banks, not Federal Reserve ....
Mutual savings banks

60
602
6022
6023,4
603

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Federal savings and loan associations .
State associations, insured
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers

61
612
6122
6123

78.0
145.2
128.1
69.2
254.0
119.6
83.1
119.8
351.6

608.7

232.1

5961

67.5
257.4
122.1

5947
5949
596

78.1
148.1
131.0
69.2
252.9
120.5
83.1
121.1
365.6

1,873.4 1,868.0 1,917.5 1,896.4
489.0 491.5
474.2
474.9

76.7
146.3
131.7
68.3
254.6
120.3
81.9
110.3
350.4

5944

76.9
147.3
130.7

772.3
429.4
269.8
85.8
257.1
185.9
71.2

1,269.2 1,271.4 1,264.1 1,264.4
1,139.4 1,141.1 1,130.6 1,129.7

1,742.4 1,746.2 1,751.4 1,753.3
1,571.7 1,574.2 1,572.5 1,573.1
342.2
342.9 350.0 349.8
381.7
382.8 383.7 384.3
82.1
82.6
86.5
87.0

615
616

808.7
364.4
204.9
148.7
228.3
53.4
138.8

821.3
367.8
206.9
150.0
229.4
53.7
146.2

887.9
392.3
221.2
159.4
237.8
54.8
178.2

Security, commodity brokers, and services.
Security brokers and dealers

62
621

369.9
295.4

375.1
299.5

413.9
330.2

67

167.7

168.3

185.6

1,906

2,005

2,014

673.9
300.5

678.6
301.8

179.2

180.2

186.8

187.6

889.9
338.2
144.8
335.6

893.0
338.4
144.8
337.6

916.1
338.8
151.5
346.7

920.0
339.2
151.4
348.6

187.3

1,898

624.9
281.0

420.8
336.4

Holding and other investment offices .

614.7
278.6

895.6
394.7
222.7
160.1
238.3
56.2
181.5

614

Insurance
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance .
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance ..
Title insurance

63
631
632
633
636

Insurance agents, brokers, and service .

64

See footnotes at end of table.

54




1,311.8 1,315.5 1,364.6 1,369.7
555.5
555.9 562.2 562.2
178.4
186.5
186.6
178.4
485.1
512.5
516.3
487.
54.4
61.1
61.9
55.3
586.1

590.3

640.4

644.5

2,020

4,827

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Real estate, and combined real estate, insurance, etc

Mar.
1986
1,157

Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers

65
651
653
655

Combined real estate, insurance, etc

66

Production workers1

All employees
Apr.
1986

1,186

Feb.
1987

1,218

Mar.
1987P

1,230

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

1,258

1,142.9 1,172.3 1,204.9 1,216.3
511.2
498.5
510.8 503.2
524.1
480.9
485.6
522.0
147.3
136.3
148.3
146.4
14.0

14.1

13.5

13.4

22,593 22,871 23,491 23,720 23,966

Services

19,858 20,104 20,550 20,756 20,990
1,141.8 1,158.1 1,154.2 1,176.9

Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts

70
701

1,306.3 1,330.0 1,333.7 1,357.2
1,273.6 1,294.0 1,301.7 1,324.4

Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories

72
721
722
723
726

1,123.8 1,133.1 1,160.3 1,167.6
389.8
392.4 404.7
406.2
51.7
58.4
58.0
51.1
345.1 348.2 356.1 356.3
75.5
76.2
77.8
77.6

Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Temporary help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming and software
Data processing services

73
731
7311
732
733
734
736
7361
7362
737
7372
7374

4,651.1 4,707.6 4,947.3 5,003.2 5,028.8 4,010.6 4,052.5 4,235.4 4,288.7
141.8
141.6
141.8
141.4
192.8
192.8
192.8
192.5
144.3
144.3
143.9
144.3
102.2
95.5
104.0
92.5
209.8
200.8
213.2
198.1
641.2
702.1
610.6 624.8 636.0
707.6
683.2 696.5
974.2 1,070.7 1,107.0
959.5
199.9
169.9
208.1
169.7
825.6
757.9
853.1
743.4
464.8 477.8 480.3
467.9
605.6 609.8
574.3
573.5
222.5
209.3
225.4
208.3
283.3
267.5
285.2
268.2

739

1,943.1 1,964.7 2,054.8 2,059.3
199.4
189.2
198.2
188.5
589.9
579.8
537.8
549.2
453.9
437.9
438.0 451.5
189.3
188.4
181.4
183.2
77.7
77.4
76.4
77.5

Miscellaneous business services
Research development laboratories, nee
Management and public relations
Detective and protective services
Equipment rental and leasing
Photofinishing laboratories

7391

7392
7393
7394
7395

347.7

349.8

359.4

361.3

312.4

315.2

320.6

319.1

Auto repair, services, and garages
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Automotive repair shops

75
751
753

746.0
155.7
452.0

751.9
157.1
456.3

780.2
171.5
461.8

786.5
174.7
466.1

623.7

628.6

653.6

653.8

375.9

378.1

384.5

382.8

Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops

76
762

328.5
103.8

329.0
103.3

325.5
106.8

327.7
107.2

273.3

273.1

269.8

271.1

Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters

78
781
783

220.0
111.0

222.7
116.9
94.6

225.6
118.1

187.6
93.5

186.5
86.7

187.9
95.2

190.6
96.7

97.9

218.7
103.5
103.9

771.0

864.4

852.0

882.8

675.4

767.2

732.4

760.7

Amusement and recreation services

79

Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Outpatient care facilities

80
801
802
805
8051
8059
806
8062

8063
8069
807
808

6,484.3
994.0
450.4
1,261.1
829.8
431.3
3,018.2
2,834.3
58.6
125.3

96.5

6,504.7 6,767.2 6,800.4 6,827.2 5,760.6 5,778.3 6,013.4 6,040.8
822.5 826.0 871.8 875.5
999.0 1,058.0 1,065.0
396.4 399.0 414.7 417.7
452.9 470.2 473.7

1,263.5 1,316.1 1,321.5
831.1
867.8
864.5
432.4 451.6 453.7
3,020.8 3,095.0 3,103.4
2,837.0 2,905.3 2,912.9
58.6
60.6
60.4
125.2
129.9
129.3
124.4 125.6 136.0 137.6
237.4 239.8 259.1 261.8

1,138.4 1,141.0 1,189.2 1,194.0

2,750.8 2,753.2 2,823.0 2,830.3

See footnotes at end of table.




55

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Industry

Services—Continued
Legal services

1972
SIC
Code

81

Production workers1

All employees
Mar.
1986

710.5

Apr.
1986

713.3

Feb.
1987

762.4

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

764.6

Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Correspondence and vocational schools .

82
821
822
824
83
832
833
836
84

Membership organizations
Business associations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations .

86
861
863
864
89
891
892
893

1,299.5 1,302.0 1,328.7 1,335.8
697.5
701.2 711.6 713.9
119.6
120.2
122.2
124.1
455.4 453.4 467.3 470.1

639.6

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

642.0

1,508.8 1,512.4 1,502.8 1,509.7
89.2
89.7
89.4
89.0
143.1
143.0
142.9
143.1
331.3 332.6
328.9 331.6

Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ..
Noncommercial research organizations.
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .

603.0

Feb.
1987

1,411.5 1,423.3 1,477.6 1,490.4
298.7
301.5
273.9 277.3
212.9 214.4 220.9 223.4
304.4 305.5
319.4
321.6

Museums, botanical and zoological gardens .

602.2

Apr.
1986

1,465.6 1,457.6 1,462.5 1,474.8
399.7 399.2 394.6 396.5
924.9 917.2 924.3 932.4
69.2
68.6
69.0
69.9

Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Residential care

Mar.
1986

Government

41.9

17,013

Federal Government .
4

State government
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions

2,908

45.9

17,178 17,275
2,897

2,916

3731

127.7
77.3

126.6
76.4

123.6
73.9

1,066.3 1,067.3 1,080.2 1,087.0
598.9
596.0
588.7
591.8
362.4

359.7

366.3

368.1

17,316
2,931

123.9
74.4

806

39.;
409.5
251.0

39.7
408.5
249.6

39.6
408.6
251.;

40.5
409.8
252.8

806
82

4,088
4,029
4,07;
4,03;
464.0
456.1
458.3 462.;
1,697.8 1,692.5 1,706.0 1,724.4

4,099

1,280.6 1,286.3 1,299.3 1,295.4

806
82

10,076 10,066 10,209 10,271 10,286
510.2
512.4 510.3
510.3
616.8 629.4 631.3
617.1
5,765.0 5,735.4 5,863.0 5,909.8
2,884.5 2,897.6 2,912.8 2,924.0

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the
nonsupervisory count for all series in this division.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to




44.8

2,852.0 2,851.9 2,841.2
988.2
986.4
970.0
782.1
785.6
807.8
1,081.7 1,079.9 1,063.4
37.7
37.3
36.8
18.3
18.3
19.0

Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial
Federal government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Shipbuilding and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals

17,006

2,908

4

56

43.6

civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and
the National Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Women employees on nonagriculturaf payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)

Jan.
1986

Feb.
1986

Dec.
1986

1987

Feb.
1987

44,672

44,906

47,247

46,412

46,628

36,281

36,311

38,459

37,747

37,818

6,815

6,825

6,928

6,858

6,875

Mining

119

119

101

100

100

Construction

484

481

524

519

518

6,212

6,225

6,303

6,239

6,257

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ...
Miscellaneous manufacturing

3,004
107
153
112
102
321
464
905
367
310
163

3,004
108
154
112
102
321
462
902
368
310
165

3,022
117
158
114
100
326
447
902
382
307
170

2,996
116
159
113
100
323
445
893
379
305
163

3,003
117
159
113
101
323
448
889
384
305
166

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ..
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

3,208
482
23
337
902
165
617
284
26
278
95

3,221
484
22
339
906
165
621
285
26
279
94

3,281
518
21
350
897
171
643
287
24
282
89

3,243
497
21
347
890
168
641
287
23
282
88

3,254
494
20
347
897
168
644
289
23
284
88

37,857

38,081

40,319

39,554

39,753

Transportation and public utilities...

1,469

1,469

1,530

1,525

1,527

Wholesale trade

1,669

1,677

1,732

1,713

1,718

Retail trade

9,148

9,015

10,039

9,493

9,391

Finance, insurance, and real estate

3,754

3,777

4,024

4,029

4,045

13,426

13,548

14,206

14,129

14,262

8,391
1,021
1,829
5,541

8,595
1,026
1,898
5,671

8,788
1,028
1,928
5,832

8,665
1,027
1,888
5,750

8,810
1,030
1,940
5,840

Industry

Total
Total private
Goods-producing

Manufacturing

Service-producing

Services
Government
Federal

State
Local
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are




Jan.

introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.

57

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987

1986
Industry

Total
Total private
Goods-producing

Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ....
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products ..=
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
,.
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

May

99,783

99,918

99,843 100,105 100,283 100,560 100,826 101,068 101,322 101,626 101,854 102,009 102,325

83,072

83,198

83,161

June

July

83,508

Aug.

83,655

Sept,

83,786

Oct.

83,956

Nov.

84,178

Dec.

84,394

Jan.

84,708

Feb.

Apr.P

Apr.

Mar.

84,948

85,054

85,311
25,046

25,038

24,965

24,854

24,869

24,888

24,858

24,865

24,891

24,920

25,008

25,038

25,004

821
488

790
461

772
446

768
442

753
431

743
422

746
423

742
420

738
414

731
412

733
415

735
418

740
424

4,972
1,315

4,974
1,314

4,947
1,299

4,980
1,299

5,012
1,306

5,010
1,301

5,001
1,302

4,993
1,307

4,996
1,298

5,109
1,333

5,094
1,321

5,059
1,307

5,082
1,289

19,245

19,201

19,135

19,121

19,123

19,105

19,118

19,156

19,186

19,168

19,211

19,210

19,224

11,415

11,378
719
496
599
780

11,307
721
496
597

11,294
724
498
593

11,302

11,271
734
500

11,282
743
500
591

11,289

11,265
754
503

11,300
756
503

11,293
755
505

11,293
758
507

594

11,266
737
500
590

595

758
285
1,428

595
741
264

598

761
286
1,440
2,089
2,143
1,974
839
717
369

751
272

758

597
759

1,430

1,429
2,043
2,153

279
1,429
2,043

280
1,432
2,048

2,141
1,986
830
708
373

2,144

7,917
1,663

7,931
1,665
59
726

719
494
600
785

291
1,451
2,111
2,177

288

369

1,447
2,100
2,175
1,972
839
721
369

7,830

7,823

1,633
63
703

1,640
62
705

1,119
689

1,113

1,986
854
723

1,472
1,028
166
800
157

689
1,474
1,024

2,079
2,169
1,969
824
713
363

729
499
592
751
272
1,429
2,072
2,168
1,985
839

749
270

749
272

751

1,433
2,044

1,429
2,039

2,162
1,979
834

2,167

1,427
2,036
2,166
1,993

713
364

713
363

713
363

7,834
1,644
60

7,852
1,644

1,979
824

7,828
1,648
62
707
1,106
690
1,477

7,827

7,821

1,645
62
710

1,642
59
711

709

711

1,108
687
1,483

1,108
685
1,481

1,110

1,113

691
1,025
162
797
151

694
1,491
1,023
161
805
151

1,026

1,025

166

164

163

796

797

792

154

151

152

1,026
163
794
152

1,485

59

271

837
710
365
7,874
1,654
61
717
1,112

749
500
594
752
270
1,431
2,030
2,164

1,990
832

2,029
2,156
1,979

1,990

709
370

709
369

838
707
370

7,897
1,657
60
719
1,124

7,903

7,911

1,654
59
722
1,123
694

1,658
60
726

826

1,115
695

60
728
1,113

695
1,506

694

697

1,493

1,500
1,021

1,505
1,020

160
809
151

1,493
1,020
159
815
153

159
819

159
820

152

153

1,019
158
822
153

1,023

1,971
817
707
370

1,117

696
1,514
1,019
158
824

153

74,745

74,953

74,989

75,236

75,395

75,702

75,961

76,177

76,402

76,618

76,816

77,005

77,279

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communication and public utilities

5,266
3,040
2,226

5,265
3,037
2,228

5,167
3,035
2,132

5,288
3,057
2,231

5,255
3,063
2,192

5,316
3,088
2,228

5,316
3,094
2,222

5,351
3,117
2,234

5,359
3,125
2,234

5,382
3,140
2,242

5,394
3,150
2,244

5,412
3,164
2,248

5,415
3,169
2,246

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

5,864
3,485
2,379

5,872
3,488
2,384

5,829
3,454
2,375

5,849
3,483
2,366

5,863
3,485
2,378

5,859
3,485
2,374

5,864
3,489
2,375

5,859
3,489
2,370

5,859
3,491
2,368

5,864
3,495
2,369

5,877
3,499
2,378

5,877
3,500
2,377

5,882
3,499
2,383

17,851
2,342
2,910
1,940
5,859

17,911
2,344
2,917
1,944
5,889

17,944
2,350
2,932
1,945
5,918

17,992
2,354
2,938
1,950
5,931

18,030
2,359
2,951
1,962
5,923

18,065
2,362
2,952
1,970
5,948

18,143
2,379
2,963
1,973
5,982

18,197
2,367
2,968
1,977
6,006

18,206
2,341
2,979
1,984
6,035

18,289
2,333
2,990
1,988
6,080

18,368
2,354
3,005
1,992
6,104

18,402
2,359
3,006
1,989
6,113

18,469
2,362
3,025
1,988
6,123

6,228
3,120
1,910
1,198

6,261
3,137
1,918
1,206

6,295
3,159
1,927
1,209

6,334
3,176
1,945
1,213

6,364
3,192
1,952
1,220

6,388
3,202
1,962
1,224

6,409
3,212
1,971
1,226

6,429
3,220
1,979
1,230

6,472
3,236
1,990
1,246

6,495
3,239
2,002
1,254

6,519
3,249
2,007
1,263

6,544
3,264
2,016
1,264

6,581
3,286
2,024
1,271

Services
Business services
Health services

22,825
4,750
6,511

22,924
4,755
6,543

23,072
4,792
6,571

23,176
4,835
6,601

23,255
4,848
6,634

23,300
4,883
6,649

23,359
4,908
6,677

23,451
4,926
6,695

23,578
4,966
6,726

23,670
4,990
6,757

23,752
5,038
6,788

23,815
5,054
6,807

23,918
5,074
6,834

Government
Federal
State
Local

16,711
2,914
3,938
9,859

16,720
2,899
3,936
9,885

16,682
2,875
3,927
9,880

16,597
2,866
3,921
9,810

16,628
2,875
3,919
9,834

16,774
2,901
3,932
9,941

16,870
2,896
3,959
10,015

16,890
2,899
3,965
10,026

16,928
2,907
3,983
10,038

16,918
2,914
3,983
10,021

16,906
2,917
3,980
10,009

16,955
2,931
3,984
10,040

17,014
2,937
4,003
10,074

Service-producing

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1985

58




benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally
adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)

1987

1986
Industry
Feb.
Total
Total private

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec

Jan.

Feb.

45,127 45,237 45,397 45,556 45,602 45,758 45,906 46,074 46,271 46,440 46,590 46,713 46,862
36,767 36,867 37,014 37,142 37,182 37,386 37,508 37,568 37,720 37,869 38,002 38,123 38,292
6,889

6,887

6,893

6,885

6,866

6,874

6,872

6,877

6,895

6,914

6,940

6,937

6,941

Mining

120

118

114

112

108

106

105

102

102

101

101

101

101

Construction

493

499

505

510

512

517

518

520

522

526

528

530

532

6,276

6,270

6,274

6,263

6,246

6,251

6,249

6,255

6,271

6,287

6,311

6,306

6,308

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

3,017
111
153
114
103
322
460
903
370
311
170

3,014
112
154
113
102
322
460
901
369
312
169

3,019
111
154
114
102
324
461
902
370
311
170

3,016
112
155
114
101
323
458
903
370
310
170

2,996
113
155
115
99
324
456
887
369
309
169

3,003
114
155
115
99
322
454
901
370
308
165

3,008
115
155
114
101
322
451
903
373
308
166

3,008
115
155
114
101
325
448
901
374
308
167

3,013
116
156
113
101
324
448
903
377
308
167

3,016
117
156
114
101
325
448
901
380
306
168

3,021
118
156
115
101
326
446
901
382
306
170

3,010
120
158
115
100
324
444
893
380
306
170

3,016
121
157
115
101
324
447
890
385
306
170

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

3,259
513
22
342
902
168
622
287
26
281
96

3,256
513
22
343
899
168
623
287
26
281
94

3,255
512
22
341
902
168
626
286
26
279
93

3,247
513
21
343
895
168
625
287
26
278
91

3,250
517
21
343
892
168
629
288
25
278
89

3,248
512
21
346
894
169
632
287
25
274
88

3,241
510
19
345
889
168
632
288
25
275
90

3,247
511
20
344
890
169
634
288
25
277
89

3,258
513
20
344
892
170
637
289
24
281
88

3,271
519
21
347
891
171
639
289
24
282
88

3,290
523
20
349
902
172
639
288
24
284
89

3,296
523
20
349
900
170
644
290
24
287
89

3,292
523
20
350
893
171
645
291
23
286
90

Goods-producing

Manufacturing

Service-producing

38,238 38,350 38,504 38,671 38,736 38,884 39,034 39,197 39,376 39,526 39,650 39,776 39,921

Transportation and public utilities ....

1,478

1,482

1,483

1,486

1,441

1,501

1,482

1,506

1,506

1,519

1,521

1,531

1,536

Wholesale trade

1,689

1,691

1,707

1,718

1,706

1,715

1,715

1,713

1,712

1,713

1,718

1,720

1,730

Retail trade

9,313

9,347

9,362

9,383

9,392

9,422

9,479

9,488

9,531

9,563

9,561

9,618

9,701

Finance, insurance, and real estate .

3,796

3,816

3,848

3,878

3,904

3,932

3,957

3,967

3,982

4,003

4,028

4,045

4,065

Services
Government
Federal
State
Local

13,602 13,644 13,721 13,792 13,873 13,942 14,003 14,017 14,094 14,157 14,234 14,272 14,319
8,360
1,038
1,843
5,479

8,370
1,036
1,847
5,487

8,383
1,034
1,856
5,493

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all




8,414
1,030
1,863
5,521

8,420
1,020
1,868
5,532

8,372
1,017
1,868
5,487

8,398
1,021
1,867
5,510

8,506
1,031
1,861
5,614

8,551
1,030
1,872
5,649

8,571
1,033
1,878
5,660

8,588
1,035
1,885
5,668

8,590
1,039
1,892
5,659

8,570
1,044
1,883
5,643

seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.

59

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers
seasonally adjusted

1

on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,

(In thousands)
1987

1986
Industry
Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar

Apr.p

67,167 67,261 67,223 67,517 67,632 67,742 67,854 68,076 68,255 68,463 68,703 68,777 68,975

Total private
Goods-producing

17,546 17,475 17,388

Mining

,

Construction

573
3,913

Manufacturing

13,060

547

535

17,395

17,429

17,407

17,408

17,452

17,483

17,552

17,581

17,550

17,586

533

526

520

522

523

520

511

516

519

523

3,927

3,912

3,909

3,910

4,010

3,995

3,955

3,970

12,971! 12,960 12,974

13,020

13,053

13,031

13,070

3,874

3,901

13,025 12,979

12,961

!
3,9321

3,903

13,076 13,093

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

7,547
605
395
463
596
224
1,073
1,263
1,249
1,245
658
392
266

7,519
605
397
462
591
222
1,068
1,256
1,250
1,233
645
390
267

7,462
606
397
460
574
220
1,062
1,250
1,224
1,233
644
389
267

7,441
604
398
458
569
220
1,052
1,240
1,246
1,223
629
387
264

7,458
610
400
456
562
207
1,054
1,239
1,249
1,235
640
389
264

7,438
615
401
457
560
204
1,058
1,215
1,245
1,235
639
388
264

7,435
618
402
454
560
206
1,056
1,211
1,247
1,236
630
387
264

7,452
623
400
455
562
203
1,055
1,205
1,252
1,249
642
385
266

7,466
627
401
458
563
203
1,060
1,204
1,251
1,245
638
386
271

7,440
628
402
460
552
196
1,057
1,203
1,247
1,238
637
383
270

7,477
631
403
463
562
203
1,055
1,212
1,244
1,252
650
384
271

7,476
631
405
461
569
210
1,056
1,214
1,236
1,246
643
385
273

7,482
634
406
463
573
212
1,061
1,220
1,238
1,230
630
386
271

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

5,513
1,145
48
607
943
522
820
572
103
623
130

5,506
1,149
47
610
938
523
820
569
103
620
127

5,517
1,160
46
611
933
524
823
572
103
621
124

5,520
1,158
47
614
936
522
828
572
102
617
124

5,513
1,153
43
615
935
519
825
574
103
621
125

5,522
1,157
44
612
937
523
827
572
102
624
124

5,539
1,155
44
616
940
527
832
571
102
628
124

5,568
1,168
46
622
940
528
833
572
102
632
125

5,587
1,168
451
624
951
531
837
569
102
634
126

5,591
1,167
45
627
948
527
841
571
102
636
127

5,593
1,170
45
632
940
528
840
572
102
637
127

5,600
1,174
45
634
938
528
840
572
102
639
128

5,611
1,175
45
631
941
530
846
571
103
642
127

49,621 49,786 49,835 50,122 50,203 50,335 50,446 50,624 50,772 50,911 51,122 51,227 51,389

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities

4,362

4,361

4,270

4,354

4,325

4,387

4,393

4,424

4,441

4,448

4,464

4,482

4,487

Wholesale trade

4,712

4,711

4,674

4,705

4,708

4,700

4,694

4,693

4,694

4,696

4,702

4,707

4,708

15,880 15,939 15,981

16,018

16,045 16,091

16,153

16,187

16,193

16,267

16,326 16,355

16,395

4,716

4,723

4,745

4,771

4,789

4,823

4,851

Retail trade

,

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

4,603

4,629

4,651




4,704

4,809

20,064 20,146 20,259 20,362 20,421 20,441 20,483 20,575 20,673 20,711 20,821 20,860 20,948

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.

60

4,683

p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
INDEXES OF DIFFUSION
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-7. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased, seasonally adjusted

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Over
1-month
span

1985
1986
1987

52.4
59.7
51.6

47.8
53.5
60.8

Over
3-month
span

1985
1986
1987

51.1
58.1
60.5

Over
6-month
span

1985
1986
1987

Over
12-month
span

1985
1986
1987

Time
span

P

P

49.7
54.3
56.8

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

49.2
54.1
59.2

51.6
49.2

47.0
46.2

56.2
54.6

56.8
54.3

50.8
54.9

61.9
55.1

57.6
62.7

59.5
62.4

46.2
51.1
60.8

46.2
49.7

45.1
48.4

51.4
44.9

49.7
47.3

51.1
54.1

55.1
54.9

55.9
62.4

61.4
65.1

60.5
63.0

54.1
61.1

57.0
60.5

57.0
61.1

49.5
57.0

48.9

Mar.

P

p

53.8
45.1
52.2

P

49.2
53.8
64.9

47.8
53.8

43.0
47.6

45.9
45.9

44.3
45.9

44.3
48.6

48.9
49.7

50.8
55.4

46.2
50.3

45.7
51.1

46.8
52.2

43.8
52.4

44.9
52.7

47.3
54.6

47.6
53.5

48.9
54.3

Based on the number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,
3, and 6 month spans, on the payrolls of 185 private nonagricultural
industries. Data for the 12-month span are unadjusted.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment




P

47.3
57.3

p

p

55.9
61.1

48.6

rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.)
Data are centered within the spans. Establishment survey estimates
are currently projected from March 1985 benchmark levels. When
more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted
data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

State and area
Mar.
1986

Mar.
1987?

1,447.9
380.3
114.8
157.1
119.5
56.1

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa ..

Feb.
1987
1,465.4
382.0
118.2
158.3
122.3
57.6

1,466.7
385.5
119.2
158.9
122.4
57.7

13.2
6.3
.1
.8
.1
2.9

11.9
6.1
.1
.4
.1
2.7

11.7
6.0
.1
.4
.1
2.7

74.1
22.3
4.5
10.3
8.9
2.7

74.1
23.2
4.7
9.2
9.4
2.8

75.3
23.8
5.0
9.4
9.4
2.8

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

215.7

206.0

206.5

9.7

8.4

8.4

10.6

9.4

9.4

1,333.1
879.0
241.1

1,374.7
904.5
244.1

1,377.6
905.7
244.9

11.2
.5
2.0

11.0
.6
1.6

11.0
.6
1.6

111.6
78.5
21.2

105.8
71.5
21.2

105.1
70.9
21.1

804.8
44.5
71.1
223.1
32.3

817.7
45.1
72.7
224.7
31.8

823.9
45.4
73.3
225.9
31.4

4.7

4.0

4.2

.9
.4

.9
.4

34.0
2.0
2.8
11.1
2.8

32.5
1.7
2.8
11.0
1.8

33.3
1.8
2.9
11.4
1.3

11,131.9
1,021.2
157.5
190.2
3,892.3
94.1
775.4
188.2
552.0
507.7
99.7
808.9
917.8
766.2
143.6
114.3
130.4
116.2

11,417.5
1,066.2
155.3
199.0
3,959.9
99.2
806.1
198.1
584.2
526.2
102.8
839.4
924.4
763.1
145.1
118.6
134.2
122.4

11,498.6
1,072.0
155.6
201.1
3,989.4
99.2
810.8
198.6
589.8
531.9
103.6
844.5
929.4
766.8
145.4
119.1
135.8
123.1

46.5
2.5
15.7
.8
11.4
.1
2.6
3.2
1.3
.9
.5
.7
1.1
.1
1.5
.5
.1
.3

39.0
2.0
12.0
.7
10.4
.1
2.4
2.7
1.2
.7
.5
.8
1.1
.1
1.3
.6
.1
.3

38.8
2.0
11.9
.7
10.3
.1
2.4
2.6
1.3
.7
.5
.8
1.1
.1
1.3
.6
.1
.3

484.1
51.1
9.9
10.6
121.3
5.9
40.4
9.1
39.4
26.4
3.8
48.3
31.3
29.9
6.3
6.8
6.7
6.9

522.9
54.2
9.4
11.5
129.5
6.4
44.8
11.0
45.6
29.0
4.2
54.5
31.7
28.3
6.1
7.1
7.5
7.5

530.8
55.0
9.3
11.8
130.3
6.4
45.4
11.2
46.7
30.0
4.2
55.4
32.1
29.1
6.1
7.3
7.9
7.6

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont...
Denver

1,409.6
103.0
805.0

1,394.5
103.9
797.7

1,399.0
104.3
799.1

29.1
.3
18.9

24.5
.3

24.2
.3

69.2
3.6
38.3

69.5
3.6
38.5

16.1

16.0

74.8
4.1
42.2

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury

1,571.5
190.4
449.0
64.3
239.9
118.9
83.2

1,613.6
193.5
467.3
65.0
245.5
123.4
84.8

1,626.4
194.9
470.1
65.2
247.4
124.3
85.6

1.5

1.5

1.5

.2

.3

.2

.2

61.5
6.7
15.4
2.9
10.9
4.9
3.3

64.6
7.4
17.4
3.4
11.7
4.9
3.7

66.9
7.7
18.0
3.6
12.1
5.1
3.8

292.0
253.5

305.3
265.8

308.6
268.5

17.3
15.8

16.6
15.8

17.5
16.4

District of Columbia .
Washington MSA

631.4
1,945.1

641.0
2,000.6

644.8
2,021.1

13.2
112.5

13.5
115.5

13.8
118.2

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ..
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
. ...
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola ..
Sarasoja
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach .

4,584.3
106.7
445.0
100.2
89.8
370.2
135.8
140.0
797.8
438.9
119.2
97.6
101.5
758.8
301.8

4,758.5
110.9
456.5
110.3
92.1
383.4
140.5
137.2
808.2
464.9
120.6
100.4
106.1
781.7
322.9

4,800.2
112.4
458.4
111.9
92.3
385.2
141.4
137.5
810.9
471.0
121.7
101.6
106.8
784.9
323.5

335.9
7.8
36.0
11.3
4.6
28.0
8.2
9.3
39.4
34.1
10.1
10.0
4.8
60.2
26.7

338.9
8.4
36.4
12.8
4.2
27.4
8.4
8.1
38.1
34.2
10.1
9.6
5.8
62.6
30.3

340.5
8.3
36.2
12.8
4.1
27.5
8.4
8.0
38.4
34.0
10.0
9.9
5.9
62.9
30.2

Alaska ...
Arizona
Phoenix .
Tucson

.

.

.

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco .....
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maha-Lompoc..
Santa Rosa-Petaluma . . . . . .
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa ..

Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

62




O

V)

O

.1
1.0
9.9

9.9

.4

.4

.5
4.7

.5
4.8

)

.5
4.3

O
0

0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
Dublic utilities

Manufacturing
State and area

Mar.
1986
353.3
56.3
30.7
25.6
17.5
8.8

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

Feb.
1987
354.6
51.7
30.3
26.8
17.7
9.1

Mar.
1987P
350.0
52.3
30.4
26.5
17.7
9.2

Mar.
1986
71.5
27.4
2.6
9.6
4.7
1.9

Feb.
1987
70.7
27.5
2.7
9.0
4.7
2.1

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

70.9
27.6
2.7
9.1
4.7
2.1

312.3
94.3
21.8
41.9
26.3
11.3

Feb.
1987
321.1
96.4
22.4
43.6
27.8
11.7

Mar.
1987^
323.8
97.7
22.5
44.1
27.8
11.7

9.2

9.3

9.5

17.0

17.1

17.2

42.9

40.2

40.2

181.3
130.1
31.6

184.6
133.5
30.8

184.3
133.3
30.7

64.3
42.2
9.2

69.2
46.1
9.8

69.7
46.2
9.8

323.2
222.0
53.0

334.3
229.3
54.5

334.6
229.3
54.5

210.1
9.8
24.0
33.2
5.9

213.3
10.2
25.4
31.3
6.2

213.9
10.2
25.7
31.3
6.2

47.5
3.9
3.5
15.1
2.8

48.7
3.9
3.8
14.6
2.7

49.2
4.0
3.8
14.7
2.7

181.0
10.4
15.4
54.0
6.3

182.6
10.6
15.4
54.5
6.3

185.1
10.7
15.4
54.6
6.2

2,045.1
238.5
10.0
19.1
888.8
19.5
100.6
28.0
72.6
36.0
8.7
122.2
78.0
267.0
24.3
17.6
20.3
10.6

2,053.7
243.2
10.2
20.3
890.6
20.4
102.3
29.5
76.5
37.4
9.1
120.6
76.8
258.6
22.9
18.0
20.8
11.8

2,064.3
243.4
10.3
20.8
895.9
20.3
102.8
29.3
77.6
38.2
9.6
120.5
77.3
258.7
22.8
18.0
21.2
11.9

565.8
33.3
8.1
9.6
201.6
4.2
52.7
8.3
29.5
23.0
4.7
31.8
80.5
21.5
5.5
5.3
8.1
4.4

577.4
34.7
8.2
10.3
201.9
4.2
55.4
10.1
30.8
23.8
4.8
32.6
79.1
20.9
5.3
5.6
8.2
4.4

580.1
34.7
8.1
10.3
203.3
4.2
55.3
10.2
31.1
23.9
4.8
32.7
79.2
21.0
5.2
5.6
8.4
4.4

2,650.4
253.2
39.0
48.9
905.9
23.7
195.2
47.8
138.2
123.0
26.5
192.5
210.6
147.8
33.6
29.8
30.4
27.2

2,742.1
269.1
39.9
51.1
930.5
25.4
202.2
50.0
145.0
127.9
27.0
199.5
217.2
151.4
34.3
31.3
31.1
29.8

2,756.0
271.1
39.7
51.4
936.7
25.4
203.0
50.1
145.2
128.8
27.0
200.5
217.3
151.5
34.5
31.2
31.2
29.9

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

185.0
27.9
97.4

181.9
28.4
93.8

181.9
28.4
93.9

87.6
2.4
62.7

88.3
2.3
63.9

88.5
2.3
64.1

346.8
22.6
200.3

344.4
22.6
200.3

344.1
22.7
199.8

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Menden
Stamford
Waterbury

397.8
61.0
92.7
23.0
47.4
25.9
25.7

394.5
60.4
94.2
21.2
47.8
25.0
24.6

394.4
60.5
94.3
20.9
47.6
24.9
24.6

68.8
7.2
17.0
3.2
17.8
4.7
3.1

70.5
7.6
17.3
3.2
17.9
4.8
3.1

71.1
7.6
17.4
3.3
18.1
4.9
3.1

347.4
43.9
95.0
12.4
54.8
28.0
16.1

359.8
44.3
97.7
13.2
56.2
29.5
16.8

363.0
44.5
98.9
13.3
56.6
29.7
17.0

Delaware
Wilmington

67.2
57.3

68.8
58.8

68.7
58.9

12.1
13.1

12.6
13.8

12.7
13.9

63.4
53.0

67.9
56.2

68.5
56.6

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

15.3
85.0

15.6
85.6

15.6
85.6

24.3
91.7

24.4
96.1

24.4
96.3

61.1
389.7

61.8
403.4

62.6
407.2

517.3
12.5
42.8
4.9
5.5
37.5
21.6
27.9
94.1
50.2
11.1
7.8
4.3
90.3
37.0

525.1
12.6
43.9
5.5
5.5
38.1
22.1
26.9
91.9
53.6
11.1
8.2
4.6
89.3
36.8

525.0
12.9
44.1
5.6
5.5
38.0
21.9
27.1
92.0
53.5
11.2
8.3
4.6
89.2
36.5

244.9
3.4
21.2
4.6
1.7
26.8
6.0
5.9
66.7
23.4
6.2
3.5
2.8
37.5
10.8

246.3
3.3
21.9
5.0
1.7
27.4
6.1
5.4
66.0
24.5
6.4
3.6
2.8
36.9
11.7

247.4
3.3
22.4
5.0
1.7
27.6
6.1
5.5
65.6
24.7
6.5
3.5
2.9
37.0
11.5

1,235.4
30.9
132.0
30.6
19.6
97.9
37.5
31.8
211.2
113.7
30.5
29.6
21.0
210.0
79.9

1,297.9
31.9
135.3
33.9
20.6
103.0
39.5
32.0
218.1
119.0
30.6
29.7
22.6
215.7
85.8

1,312.9
33.1
135.9
34.4
20.7
103.2
39.8
31.9
218.9
120.6
31.1
29.9
22.7
217.0
86.2

Alaska
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

.

Arkansas
.
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little R o c k - N o r t h Little Rock . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pine Bluff
.
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los A n g e l e s - L o n g Beach
. . . .
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
. . . .
Riverside-San Bernardino ..
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey .
. . . .
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa B a r b a r a - S a n t a M a r i a - L o m p o c
Santa R o s a - P e t a l u m a
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota ...
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

.

...

....
...

=

See footnotes at end of table.




63

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

Services

State and area
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Alabama
Birmingham ..
Huntsville ....
Mobile
Montgomery .
Tuscaloosa ..

67.7
28.0
3.3
7.6
7.0
1.9

70.2
28.5
3.4
7.4
7.3
2.0

70.2
28.5
3.4
7.5
7.3
2.0

255.2
86.3
23.6
33.6
23.6
7.6

263.1
88.7
25.9
33.8
24.2
7.9

265.2
89.7
26.2
33.9
24.1
8.0

300.6
59.4
28.2
27.7
31.4
19.0

299.7
59.9
28.7
28.1
31.1
19.3

299.6
59.9
28.9
28.0
31.3
19.2

Alaska ...

12.6

12.2

12.1

43.9

41.5

41.9

69.8

67.9

67.8

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson ...

87.3
68.8
12.2

91.2
72.0
12.6

91.5
72.0
12.8

322.4
218.5
61.0

339.2

340.3
229.3
63.4

231.8
118.4
50.9

239.4
122.7
50.8

241.1
124.1

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale ..
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock .
Pine Bluff

36.9
1.5
2.7
14.9
1.5

37.3
1.4
2.7
15.3
1.6

37.7
1.4
2.7
15.4
1.7

143.0
6.2

149.3
6.4
14.3
51.3
5.8

150.9
6.4
14.6
51.8
5.9

147.6
10.7
7.4
45.6
7.4

150.0
10.9
7.4
46.3
7.4

149.6
10.9
7.3
46.3
7.4

751.7
82.2
6.2

778.2
84.7
6.3
13.9
278.7
4.6

781.9
84.3
6.3
14.0
280.5
4.6
54.3
10.4
24.7
31.5
5.1

2,731.3
246.4
30.1
42.3
1,000.5
20.1
177.3
42.0

2,819.2
261.7
30.8

2,848.4
264.3
31.1

1,857.0
114.0
38.5
45.5
491.6

1,885.0
116.6
38.5
45.3

1,898.3
117.2
38.9
46.2
498.6

16.1

130.5
107.1
24.2
207.3

137.1
111.2
25.4

17.0
161.9
40.7
123.5

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach ...
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc..
Santa Rosa-Petaluma ...
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

13.4
271.2
4.5
48.5
9.9
22.6
29.5
4.8

53.9
10.4
24.5
31.2
5.1
58.0

14.2
48.8
5.6

228.8
62.8

45.9
1,022.8
21.1
183.2
43.7

45.9

1,033.8
21.2
185.0
44.1
139.0

112.3
25.3
219.7
272.1

158.1
39.9
117.9

495.5

51.0

17.0
162.6
40.7
124.2
166.5

136.1
83.6

165.0
26.7
155.8
136.7
85.1

26.9
21.5
28.9
36.7

21.9
30.0
36.8

27.9
22.0
30.5
37.0

161.8
26.5

27.1

183.3
37.6
25.0

8.2
4.7

33.1
8.1
8.2
8.2
4.7

27.9
25.6

217.6
269.6
185.7
39.4
26.0
28.3
27.1

3.8
65.2

97.1
3.9
65.1

97.0
3.9
65.2

328.2
20.5
195.0

327.3
21.5
195.0

329.4
21.6
195.5

260.6
21.4
123.3

261.8
21.3
125.2

264.4
21.5
126.1

135.4
10.1
71.9
3.6
14.3
10.7
3.8

143.0
11.1
77.4
4.0
14.7
11.5
4.1

143.6
11.2
77.6
4.0
14.7
11.6
4.1

361.2
43.1
99.2
12.4
63.7
34.3
19.9

379.0
44.5

104.1
13.2
66.0
36.9
20.3

382.4
45.2
104.5
13.3
66.9
37.3
20.6

197.9
18.4
57.6
6.8
30.8
9.7
11.3

200.7
18.2
59.0
6.8
31.0
10.2
12.2

203.5
18.2
59.1
6.8
31.2
10.2
12.4

21.7
19.6

24.2
22.3

24.4
22.4

64.0
57.4

68.9
61.6

69.9
62.2

46.3
37.2

46.1
37.1

46.8
37.9

District of Columbia ...
Washington MSA

35.8
110.7

36.8
117.5

37.0
118.4

216.2
598.5

226.3
625.5

228.2
633.1

265.3
556.0

262.4
556.1

263.1
561.4

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ..
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
;
Gainesville
Jacksonville
.. .
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
........
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola ..
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach .

331.9
6.3
36.2
7.5
4.1
34.7
7.9
5.0
65.8
29.0
5.3
8.0
4.4
60.1
25.0

349.6
6.6
37.8
8.3
3.9
36.2

351.6
6.6

1,201.3
28.6

1,261.9
30.0

1,279.5
30.0

38.0
8.5

121.6
26.5
19.9
88.3
31.7
40.2

124.2
29.5
20.9
92.8
32.7
39.4
217.3
148.0
28.8
29.0
20.5
212.9
92.3

124.7
30.1
21.1
93.9
33.4
39.6
218.1

707.8
17.2
54.8
14.6
34.3
56.5
18.6
19.8
104.6
51.0
27.6
11.6
43.5
96.4
36.3

728.9
18.1
56.6
15.2
35.2
58.0
19.0
20.1
106.8
54.2
27.8
12.1
45.1

733.4
18.2
56.7
15.4
35.2
58.1
19.0
20.1

100.7
38.9

100.9
38.9

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver ..
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford ......
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

64




54.7
114.1

33.0
7.9
7.8
8.0
4.5
97.5

112.2
33.0
8.0
8.1

8.0
5.2

69.1
31.3
5.5
8.1
4.5

62.9
27.1

58.1
112.4

3.9
36.4
8.0
5.2
69.3
31.6
5.6
8.1
4.5
63.4
27.2

266.1

215.1
137.4
28.0
27.1
20.4
203.6
86.1

188.5
39.5
26.2
28.3
27.3

152.0
29.1
29.7
20.6
213.8
93.0

151.4

27.8

156.8
137.9
84.8

107.7
54.5
27.9
12.1
45.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

State and area
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

2,624.2
49.2
60.7
1,299.1
148.9
88.6
114.4
96.8

2,723.4
48.6
62.8
1,366.6
152.4
90.3
117.0
101.0

2,734.5
48.7
63.3
1,372.2
152.3
90.4
117.3
101.3

Hawaii
Honolulu ..

436.4
350.2

447.0
358.1

450.6
361.3

Idaho
Boise City ..

327.7
84.8

331.2
85.9

333.5
86.6

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ..
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline .
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County ..
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield ..

4,714.5
126.7
53.3
82.8
2,908.7
153.0
50.2
93.3
32.0
168.4
130.9
122.1
93.0

4,777.3
131.5
53.7
82.6
2,944.1
152.4
49.0
92.5
32.2
171.1
130.4
123.3
92.0

4,794.3
132.1
54.0
83.6
2,955.3
153.1
49.2
92.7
32.5
173.0
130.4
120.7
92.1

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen .
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond ..
Indianapolis ..
Kokomo ....
Lafayette ..
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka ...
Terre Haute

2,178.0
47.7
48.4
88.6
122.1
171.0
210.4
560.9
43.8
60.8
48.2
104.6
52.1

2,241.6
47.1
50.7
92.9
122.3
176.5
206.5
580.4
44.2
62.4
49.0
107.2
52.0

2,260.5
47.4
50.4
94.2
123.6
178.2
209.1
585.5
43.9
62.1
49.6
108.1
52.1

Iowa
Cedar Rapids...
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City ...
,
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls ...

1,057.2
80.7
192.7
39.9
49.9
47.8
58.6

1,086.0
81.3
198.5
41.0
49.3
46.4
59.9

1,090.2
82.0
199.9
41.0
49.6
46.2
60.3

975.9
30.5
83.3
205.1

979.0
31.3
84.2
205.4

988.6
31.4
85.1
208.5

2.6

2.0

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette ..
Louisville
Owensboro ..

1,251.9
164.8
411.3
32.5

1,277.9
168.8
419.8
32.1

1,284.9
169.7
423.6
32.5

40.7
.9
.6
1.0

38.5
1.0
.6
.9

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux .
Lafayette
Lake Charles ..
Monroe
...New Orleans ...
Shreveport ..

1,547.3
44.8
214.9
58.1
94.3
58.5
55.5
527.0
135.8

1,485.5
45.5
212.1
51.4
82.4
55.9
54.6
511.1
130.6

1,485.2
45.6
213.3
51.5
82.5
55.7
54.2
509.8
130.7

69.8
.2
1.1
7.4
13.9
1.6
.5
17.9
4.3

57.9
.2
1.0
5.8
11.1
1.3
.6
16.6
3.3

456.0
37.1
110.6

476.3
38.0
115.2

477.4
38.0
115.7

.1

.1

Georgia ..
Albany...
Athens ..
Atlanta ....
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins ...
Savannah ..

Kansas
Lawrence .
Topeka
Wichita

Maine
Lewiston-Aubum .
Portland

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

a.
r
86

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

147.4
22
.
24
.
73.1
91
.
53
.
49
.
63
.

157.8
22
.
25
.
82.6
84
.
52
.
51
.
77
.

155.1
2.2
2.6
80.0
8.4
5.2
5.1
7.3

17.3
14.2

O

21.5
17.4

21.5
17.7

12.5
44
.

12.2
42
.

12.9
4.4

151.2
43
.
10
.
19
.
96.7
43
.
16
.
38
.
10
.
53
.
47
.
29
.
20
.

152.5
46
.
.
9
20
.
103.6
43
.
15
.
38
.
11
.
52
.
47
.
31
.
20
.

158.4
4.6
1.1
2.0
107.1
4.4
1.5
3.8
1.1
5.4
4.9
3.2
2.0

80.3
11
.
15
.
21
.
75
.
74
.
95
.
24.3
10
.
14
.
14
.
41
.
16
.

90.9
12
.
15
.
24
.
77
.
80
.
10.6
27.2
10
.
19
.
16
.
44
.
16
.

94.8
1.2
1.7
2.5
8.1
8.3
10.7
28.3
1.0
1.9
1.7
4.7
1.6

27.3
23
.
60
.
10
.
11
.
14
.
13
.

30.3
28
.
59
.
10
.
12
.
16
.
14
.

32.0
3.1
6.2
1.0
1.3
1.7
1.3

2.0

39.9
.
9
29
.
90
.

37.9
10
.
35
.
87
.

39.4
1.0
3.5
9.6

39.0
1.0
.7
1.0

50.1
83
.
19.0
17
.

55.0
94
.
19.7
17
.

57.2
9.9
20.7
1.9

58.0
.2
1.0
5.8
11.2
1.3
.6
16.6
3.3

94.2
27
.
20.7
19
.
41
.
58
.
34
.
26.6
79
.

82.3
25
.
19.8
14
.
30
.
47
.
30
.
23.3
70
.

82.7
2.5
20.3
1.4
3.0
4.7
2.8
22.9
7.3

21.4
15
.
59
.

24.5
16
.
65
.

25.1
1.6
6.6

.2
1.7
.5
.1
.1

0

2.4

O
O

0

0

O

o1
()

O
O

0

2.5

2.2

2.2
)
)

>
.7

.7

1.6
.1

1.6
.1

1.7
.1

C)
V)

V)

o

0

O

See footnotes at end of table.




65

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

State and area
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

564.8
10.1
15.3
192.8
36.5
20.2
19.2
16.1

564.1
8.7
15.4
191.3
36.5
19.5
18.9
16.9

566.8
8.6
15.6
191.6
36.4
19.7
19.2
16.9

164.2
2.2
1.7
106.6
4.9
3.4
4.9
9.6

166.8
2.1
1.7
109.5
5.1
3.4
5.1
9.4

167.2
2.2
1.7
109.4
5.1
3.4
5.1
9.7

646.0
12.1
12.1
354.9
31.2
18.6
24.0
23.5

686.6
12.4
12.7
380.6
32.9
20.3
25.3
23.8

689.2
12.4
12.7
381.7
32.8
20.2
25.3
23.7

Hawaii
Honolulu

21.9
16.1

21.8
16.0

21.8
16.0

34.0
27.8

34.2
27.8

34.2
27.7

116.1
91.1

118.1
92.6

119.7
94.0

Idaho.
Boise City

51.4
10.2

52.5
10.3

52.0
10.3

18.4
5.5

18.1
5.5

18.1
5.6

81.2
21.5

81.8
22.1

82.3
22.3

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur..
,
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County ..
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

929.4
35.2
4.7
7.5
552.8
33.4
14.7
19.7
5.2
40.8
31.9
45.4
3.9

926.5
35.9
4.4
7.5
539.5
32.8
13.5
19.2
5.2
39.2
30.8
46.0
3.8

925.1
36.1
4.4
7.5
539.9
33.1
13.6
19.2
5.3
39.4
30.5
43.3
3.8

276.7
4.6
3.2
2.3
184.5
8.1
4.6
8.7
1.5
6.3
6.6
4.5
4.8

278.2
5.1
2.9
2.1
189.1
8.2
4.5
8.2
1.4
6.4
6.5
4.3
4.7

278.8
5.0
3.0
2.1
188.5
8.2
4.6
8.3
1.4
6.5
6.5
4.3
4.7

1,156.6
34.7
12.4
19.1
719.2
42.1
10.7
22.0
8.0
43.9
32.5
28.0
19.2

1,193.9
35.8
12.5
19.0
730.4
41.9
11.0
22.4
8.0
44.7
32.9
28.2
19.2

1,196.9
35.9
12.5
19.2
732.1
42.0
10.9
22.3
8.1
44.8
32.8
28.2
19.2

Indiana
Anderson
.,
Bloomington
,
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
,
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
,
Kokomo ....
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

601.8
18.6
7.7
47.3
31.5
47.5
57.3
106.5
19.9
11.6
10.9
23.9
10.6

597.7
17.4
8.3
49.8
30.4
48.9
50.7
106.1
19.7
11.2
10.7
23.9
10.3

600.8
17.4
8.3
50.7
30.6
48.9
52.2
106.3
19.2
11.3
10.8
23.9
10.1

110.2
1.3
1.6
2.7
6.4
11.2
13.8
33.0
1.4
1.7
2.2
4.6
2.5

112.2
1.4
1.6
2.7
6.4
11.4
13.2
34.7
1.3
1.5
2.2
4.8
2.6

112.7
1.4
1.7
2.7
6.4
11.5
13.2
35.3
1.3
1.6
2.2
4.8
2.6

505.1
10.0
10.9
16.5
29.8
41.7
48.6
142.9
9.1
12.3
11.7
26.6
13.7

534.5
10.5
11.5
17.4
30.6
43.1
49.2
147.9
9.3
12.6
11.8
27.5
13.7

538.6
10.5
11.4
17.6
30.9
43.6
49.7
148.8
9.4
12.6
11.9
27.8
13.8

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

201.2
21.8
22.3
11.9
3.7
9.7
12.8

206.9
22.1
22.5
11.8
3.8
6.9
12.5

207.5
22.1
22.8
11.9
3.8
6.3
13.0

50.4
4.1
11.5
1.6
1.1
3.2
1.8

52.3
4.1
12.0
1.5
1.2
3.4
1.8

52.5
4.1
11.9
1.5
1.2
3.5
1.8

265.7
19.8
50.6
8.8
8.9
12.1
13.7

276.0
19.8
50.4
9.4
8.9
12.0
14.1

276.4
20.0
50.8
9.4
9.0
12.1
14.1

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka ..
Wichita

175.8
4.4
9.5
55.3

175.5
4.4
9.3
56.1

177.7
4.4
9.4
57.2

62.4
1.3
6.8
9.8

61.6
1.3
6.6
9.8

62.1
1.3
6.6
9.8

240.8
6.5
18.2
49.3

244.6
6.8
18.6
48.9

245.6
6.7
18.8
49.1

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

251.1
27.9
85.8
5.9

254.1
28.2
86.5
5.3

256.2
28.0
86.1
5.4

65.8
7.7
25.4
2.2

68.4
7.6
25.8
2.3

68.8
7.6
26.0
2.3

291.4
38.0
100.0
8.3

297.1
39.6
100.7
7.9

298.1
39.7
101.5
7.9

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
..
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

166.7
3.2
19.1
4.6
6.2
8.8
7.3
43.6
19.0

162.9
3.5
18.5
4.3
5.7
8.7
7.2
42.7
18.5

163.0
3.5
18.7
4.2
5.7
8.7
7.2
42.6
18.6

111.6
2.3
10.5
7.0
7.2
3.9
2.9
44.7
8.4

105.2
2.3
10.5
5.7
6.5
3.7
2.6
42.4
8.3

105.2
2.3
10.5
5.7
6.4
3.6
2.6
41.8
8.3

373.4
10.2
52.1
14.5
24.8
14.3
15.0
138.4
32.4

356.9
10.7
51.9
13.0
21.7
13.6
14.7
134.0
29.9

354.8
10.7
52.1
13.3
21.7
13.5
14.6
132.6
29.7

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

103.0
10.1
16.5

102.8
9.8
15.9

102.2
9.8
16.0

18.3
1.3
5.6

19.3
1.3
5.9

19.3
1.4
5.9

106.0
8.7
31.6

112.8
8.9
33.8

113.9
9.1
33.7

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

See footnotes at end of table.

66




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Governmen

Services

State and area
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Mar.
1987?

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1986

Mar.
1987?

Feb.
1987

140.2
24
1.9
91 5
5.2
59
71
4.2

148.9
24
2.0
96 5
5.9
62
7.4
4.4

148.9
24
2.0
96 7
6.0
62
7.4
4.4

490.6
77
8.5
294 7
28.6
149
20.3
21.9

524.4
80
9.2
3174
29.6
155
20 8
22.7

530.6
81
9.3
322 2
29.6
156
20.9
22.9

462.7
125
18.7
184 3
32.8
20 3
33.9
15.3

466.1
127
19.1
186 9
33 5
20 1
34 2
16.2

467.8
127
19.2
188 6
33.6
20 1
34 2
16.2

Hawaii
Honolulu

32.8
27 7

33.3
28 1

33.3
28 1

118.7
92 2

122 1
95 1

122.7
95 5

95.6
81 1

96 0
81 1

97 4
82 3

Idaho
Boise City

23.6
84

23.8
85

23.9
85

66.4
182

67 8
182

68.4
184

71.3
166

72 6
17 1

73 3
17 1

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rock ford
Springfield

342.0
6.8
9.2
3.2
246.6
7.7
2.8
3.8
1.6
6.7
6.9
5.3
7.8

347.4
6.8
9.2
3.2
252.4
8.0
2.7
3.8
1.6
6.4
7.0
5.4
7.8

347.9
6.9
9.3
3.3
252.0
8.0
2.7
3.8
1.6
6.5
7.0
5.4
7.9

1,112.2
26.3
11.0
14.2
747.0
29.9
10.2
18.8
8.2
36.4
32.1
23.9
23.7

1,128.1
28.5
11.2
14.4
763.1
30.0
10.2
18.8
8.2
40.0
32.1
24.1
22.5

1,133.4
28.6
11.3
14.5
767.0
30.0
10.3
19.0
8.2
40.5
32.3
24.1
22.6

721.8
14.7
11.8
34.6
359.0
27.5
5.6
16.3
6.5
28.3
16.2
12.1
31.5

727.2
14.7
12.6
34.4
362.9
27.2
5.6
16.1
6.7
28.5
16.4
12.2
31.9

730.2
14.9
12.4
35.0
365.5
27.4
5.6
16.1
6.8
29.2
16.4
12.2
31.8

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

107.7
1.6
1.6
2.3
4.9
11.2
7.8
41.9
1.3
2.8
1.6
5.2
1 8

111.6
1.6
1.6
2.4
4.9
11.7
8.1
43.3
1.4
2.9
1.6
5.6
1 9

112.4
1.6
1.6
2.4
4.9
11.7
8.1
43.5
1.4
3.0
1.6
5.6
1 9

418.1
9.2
7.6
12.2
27.9
34.6
42.9
123.5
5.8
10.7
9.6
28.9
107

431.0
9.4
7.7
12.6
28.2
35.8
44.1
130.9
5.9
10.9
9.8
29.6
107

437.3
9.4
7.8
12.7
28.5
36.3
44.5
132.4
6.0
11.1
9.9
29.9
109

345.9
5.9
17.6
5.5
11.6
17.4
30.5
88.1
5.3
20.3
10.8
11.3
107

356.3
5.8
18.5
5.6
12.0
17.8
30.8
89.6
5.6
21.3
11.4
11.4
108

355.9
5.9
17.9
5.6
12.0
17.9
30.6
90.1
5.6
20.7
11.6
11.5
107

62 6
47
24 8
1 4
1 4
26
3 1

63 5
45
26 2
1 4
1 5
26
32

63 7
45
26 5
1 4
1 6
26
3.2

236 0
176
47 9
11 6
77
124
13.5

239 6
179
50 8
124
77
133
14 1

240 6
18 1
51 1
123
77
13 5
14.2

2124
103
29 5
3.6
26 0
64
12.4

2158
100
30 6
35
24 9
66
12.8

2158
100
30 5
35
24 9
65
12.7

53 6
9
59
10 5

54 4
1 0
61
10 9

54 5
1 0
61
10 9

190 8
5.2
187
42 8

194 8
54
190
43 5

196 5
5.4
193
44 2

198 7
11.3
21 2
25 8

198
11
21
25

9
4
0
5

201 4
11.6
21 3
25 7

58 0
86
26 8
1 3

61 0
90
28 4
1 4

60 8
90
28 8
1 4

254 8
38 5
94 4
72

261
38
97
7

6
9
8
4

262 2
39 0
99 1
74

240
34
59
4

242
35
60
5

2
1
3
2

242
35
60
5

85 6
26
137
27
42
26
44
33 4
80

85 1
26
134
24
40
27
44
34 1
79

85 2
26
134
24
40
27
45
34 0
77

320 7
106
41 6
88
20 4
10.9
11 1
133 8
30 3

314 8
11 1
41 3
81
174
107
11 3
133 2
30 3

316 4
11 1
41 7
8 1
175
107
11 2
134 4
30 4

325 3
130
56 1
11 2
135
106
109
88 6
25 5

320 4
126
55 7
107
130
105
10 8
84 8
25 4

319 9
127
55 6
10 6
130
105
107
84 9
25 4

21 7
1 9
10.3

23 0
22
11.3

23 3
2 1
11.4

95 5
96
25.5

102 6
102
26.5

102 4
100
26.8

90 0
40
15.2

91 2
40
15.3

91 1
40
15.3

Georgia ..
Albany
Athens ..
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

.=...

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
Kansas ..
Lawrence
Topeka ..,
Wichita
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville ..
Owensboro

. . .

...

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

. .

0
9
3
9

6
5
6
2

See footnotes at end of table.




67

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry^Continued
(In thousands)
Mining

Total

Construction

State and area
Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C. .

1,905.8
1,028.7
449.1
676.1

1,948.7
1,048.5
451.0
698.2

1,970.7
1,058.7
453.8
708.5

Massachusetts ..
Boston
Brockton ...
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster ............
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester..

2,936.8
1,657.1
69.8
54.0
39.7
159.7
103.7
65.1
41.1
226.9
188.1

2,986.1
1,690.7
71.3
55.0
39.2
158.9
103.5
64.8
42.1
233.7
193.8

3,010.9
1,706.9
72.0
54.8
39.5
159.3
104.1
65.3
42.4
236.2
194.5

3,591.9
158.5
53.9
61.2
1,801.0
178.2
297.3
48.8
100.8
196.9
55.3
147.7

3,640.0
163.5
55.1
61.7
1,847.7
175.6
298.7
49.4
103.1
201.9
55.0
149.4

3,642.2
163.9
55.5
62.1
1,848.9
175.9
300.4
49.5
103.3
202.2
55.2
149.7

1,841.8
79.9
1,205.4
54.0
64.0

1,880.6
80.2
1,232.9
55.1
67.1

1,889.8
79.9
1,235.9
55.1
67.3

845.7
169.1

849.3
171.6

855.0
172.5

2,102.2
709.4
35.4
1,082.2
101.2

2,108.8
712.4
35.0
1,079.7
103.1

2,126.2
713.6
35.3
1,087.0
103.3

Montana ..

270.3

270.2

Nebraska...

644.7
107.0
288.4

Nevada
Las Vegas..
Reno
—New Hampshire ...
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester NH-ME

.. .
...

Michigan
Ann Arbor
...
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor..
..
Detroit...
..............................
Flint
Grand Rapids .. .
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland ..
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield ..

........................

Omaha

New Jersey
.. .
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.

68




...............

...

. . . . . . . .

Mar.
1986

1.6
.2

1.5
.2

0)

Mar.
1987?

Feb.
1987

.4

.3

1.5
.6
1

()
(1)
(1)
(1)
.2
(1)

o
o
0

.1

(1)

137.0
66.2
16.4
60.1

105.1
55.4
3.2
1.7
1.8
10.2
4.0
2.3
1.5
7.0
7.0

112.8
58.2
3.9
1.9
1.8
8.4
4.4
2.6
1.7
7.4
7.5

115.9
59.7
4.2
2.0
1.9
8.3
4.4
2.8
1.7
7.6
7.7

97.2
4.3
1.2
1.1
50.3
4.3
11.5
1.0
2.7
4.6
1.6
4.8

103.8
4.0
1.3
1.2
57.3
4.5
12.8
1.1
2.7
4.6
1.6
5.3

106.8
4.0
1.4
1.3
59.0
4.6
13.1
1.2
2.9
4.5
1.6
5.3

4.7
2.8

57.4
2.3
40.1
1.4
2.6

62.6
2.9
44.6
1.3
3.2

63.6
2.9
45.1
1.3
3.1

6.1
1.1

34.2
8.3

31.5
8.0

34.1
8.0

5.3
.5

88.9
33.7
1.2
50.6
3.8

92.9
34.5
1.3
51.5
4.1

.3
2.1
.8
()
(1)
(1)
(1)

.1

(1)

.1
.1
.1

.1
.2
.1

.1
.2
.2

9.6

10.1
(1)
1
()
(1)
.8
(1)

10.2
(1)
1
()

(1)
(1)
(1)
.7
1

()

0
V)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)
1

( )
(1)

/n

6.3
4.0

O
(2)
(2)

.8
(1)
(1)

(1)

( )

()

()

(1)

(1)

1

1

(1)

4.6
2.8
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
7.9
1.4

Mar.
1987?

132.4
63.7
16.5
58.3

1

()

Feb.
1987

126.6
60.0
16.5
55.1

1.6
.2

O

2.0
.8

1

Mar.
1986

6.1
1.2

3.6
.1

3.4
.1

3.4
.1

89.7
32.3
1.3
52.2
4.1

272.2

6.0

5.6

5.7

8.5

7.6

7.8

649.3
107.1
289.8

652.7
107.7
291.9

1.7

1.9

1.9

.2

.2

.2

21.6
3.5
10.8

21.4
3.3
11.0

22.2
3.4
11.8

456.1
256.6
122.7

478.3
272.2
126.0

484.7
276.1
127.7

6.0
.3
.7

6.5
.3
.7

6.6
.3
.7

24.4
15.1
5.8

26.7
16.4
6.6

27.7
17.1
6.8

474.4
85.5
98.8

492.1
87.9
103.1

493.6
88.5
103.9

.4
.1
.1

.4
.1
.1

.4
.1
.1

31.6
4.0
4.4

31.8
4.9
4.8

32.6
5.1
4.9

3,416.6
144.4
634.0
399.1
233.3
484.1
294.1
931.7
185.3
52.9

3,472.5
149.5
644.3
408.6
239.2
492.2
302.6
947.4
189.9
54.3

3,506.7
152.7
649.1
411.7
240.0
497.2
306.7
950.9
191.9
55.1

2.0

2.1

2.2

.1
.1

.1
.1

.5

.5

.7

.7

.3

.4

134.3
8.0
25.0
17.8
5.8
19.5
16.5
31.7
3.8
1.8

141.4
9.6
27.1
19.3
5.9
19.6
17.7
34.4
4.1
2.2

149.3
9.9
28.8
20.4
6.1
20.5
18.3
36.1
4.3
2.4

5.9
.5
1

5.2
.5
1

1

()

()

()

0

.1
.1

O

.5
(1)

.7
(1)

(1)
.3

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987p

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987^

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C. .

209.9
133.6
48.6
35.8

207.0
131.7
45.8
35.6

207.1
130.6
46.0
35.6

90.4
55.0
27.9
23.5

91.9
54.6
27.4
24.4

92.0
54.7
27.3
24.4

479.2
248.9
95.2
179.9

495.8
256.1
95.2
187.6

501.6
259.4
95.9
189.9

Massachusetts ..
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster ..
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford ..
Pittsfield
Springfield ..
Worcester..

623.3
291.3
11.9
17.6
13.4
53.7
38.7
21.7
12.1
51.8
46.5

609.1
290.4
10.9
17.0
13.1
51.8
36.9
21.1
12.0
51.9
45.4

608.5
290.9
11.0
16.7
13.2
51.3
37.0
21.2
11.9
52.3
45.2

124.8
73.1
5.3
1.8
1.5
6.5
3.4
2.9
.9
9.0
8.1

125.5
73.7
5.1
1.8
1.4
6.7
3.3
3.0
1.0
9.1
8.0

126.5
74.2
5.2
1.9
1.4
6.8
3.3
3.1
1.0
9.2
8.0

682.9
369.5
20.3
13.6
9.7
32.9
21.8
14.6
10.8
52.5
45.7

697.8
380.1
21.6
14.3
10.0
35.2
21.7
14.4
11.0
54.8
48.4

702.0
382.2
21.5
14.3
10.0
35.6
21.7
14.6
11.2
55.0
48.6

1,001.7
39.1
14.5
21.5
491.4
67.9
95.8
12.8
29.3
38.5
18.3
45.6

984.5
39.0
15.2
21.2
484.4
62.1
93.4
12.9
29.3
38.0
17.6
44.6

978.7
38.8
15.5
21.0
480.0
61.6
93.4
12.9
29.2
37.9
17.7
44.1

145.3
4.7
1.8
2.5
81.3
4.8
10.8
4.1
3.2
5.6
2.6
7.0

148.3
4.9
1.8
2.5
84.7
4.6
10.8
4.1
3.4
5.1
2.6
7.2

148.5
5.0
1.8
2.5
84.5
4.5
10.7
4.1
3.4
5.2
2.6
7.2

783.1
24.1
10.0
11.5
406.8
41.0
73.0
107
21.8
37.9
11.6
33.0

810.1
26.5
10.2
11.4
424.1
42.3
73.8
10.8
22.5
38.5
11.7
33.6

812.5
26.6
10.2
11.7
425.4
42.5
74.4
10.8
22.7
38.8
11.7
33.9

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

361.5
6.8
248.6
10.8
11.3

363.6
7.1
248.7
10.3
12.0

364.6
7.0
249.1
10.2
12.2

96.7
5.4
67.0
1.8
3.7

96.1
4.9
66.2
1.6
3.7

96.9
4.9
66.4
1.5
3.7

454.1
20.7
293.2
10.9
19.0

461.9
21.1
303.0
11.5
20.6

464.9
21.0
303.4
11.5
20.5

Mississippi ...
Jackson

223.1
19.9

220.6
20.0

220.6
20.0

38.5
10.8

39.5
11.2

39.6
11.2

179.2
41.0

181.9
41.5

183.6
41.9

Missouri
Kansas City...
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

426.3
118.9
8.9
223.6
20.0

412.1
116.6
9.0
215.8
19.5

412.4
114.0
9.1
217.4
19.0

139.6
54.8
2.1
73.6
6.3

139.9
54.2
2.0
72.8
6.4

141.1
54.4
2.0
73.5

496.0
179.0
8.6
254.1
26.9

490.7
177.6
8.4
254.0
28.0

494.5
178.7
8.5
255.9
28.1

19.9

20.8

20.7

20.3

19.7

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor..
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .

6.4
Montana ..

69.6

70.2

70.7

166.1
24.6
74.2

167.7
24.7
74.8

168.8
24.7
75.5

91.6
53.2
27.5

95.9
56.1
28.3

96.9
56.7
28.6

17.3
2.1
2.6

113.4
18.5
24.0

123.2
20.3
26.6

123.5
20.4
26.9

231.1
6.0
28.5
17.3
30.6
40.2
16.1
80.2
6.3
2.1

806.5
27.9
180.2
105.4
55.3
116.7
78.9
190.4
29.4
10.7

827.8
28.4
184.9
106.1
57.8
118.2
83.7
195.7
31.0
10.8

834.0
28.9
185.3
106.1
58.4
118.8
84.5
196.7
31.0
11.0

19.9
Nebraska...
Lincoln
Omaha

84.6
12.7
31.9

82.8
12.9
31.6

81.9
13.0
31.5

42.2
5.9
22.4

42.7
5.8
23.1

Nevada
Las Vegas ...
Reno

21.7
7.9
8.0

22.9
8.4
8.4

22.9
8.4

25.9
14.5
8.6

26.9
15.5
8.6

42.7
5.8
23.1
26.9
15.5
8.6

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester,NH-ME

119.8
35.9
20.9

118.0
35.0
20.1

117.9
35.2
20.2

16.1
2.2
2.5

17.4
2.2
2.6

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

693.6
8.1
163.5
74.6
51.6
113.0
30.9
188.5
31.8
14.7

684.8
8.3
159.9
74.4
52.5
113.0
30.2
187.5
31.7
14.9

687.9
8.2
160.7
74.5
52.3
113.9
30.4
186.8
31.7
15.1

230.3
5.9
28.4
16.9
30.5
39.1
15.2
80.7
6.0
2.0

230.7
6.0
28.6
17.4
30.7
39.8
16.0
80.7
6.2
2.1

See footnotes at end of table.




69

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Government

Services

State and area
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Mar.

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Maryland
Baltimore MSA ..
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C

112.8
68.6
42.9
36.8

118.4
73.0
45.1
39.0

119.2
73.4
45.3
39.3

485.9
256.2
129.7
190.2

511.9
264.3
134.5
198.0

516.3
267.0
135.4
200.9

399.5
206.2
88.3
154.4

389.7
204.9
86.5
155.0

396.0
207.2
87.5
158.0

Massachusetts ..
Boston
Brockton ...
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster ..
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford ..
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester..

196.6
136.4
2.9
2.7
1.5
5.6
3.7
2.4
2.0
14.9
12.0

209.4
143.1
3.1
2.9
1.6
6.0
4.1
2.5
2.1
15.7
12.8

210.5
143.9
3.1
2.9
1.6
6.0
4.2
2.5
2.2
15.7
12.8

810.7
533.9
14.6
10.1
6.9
29.7
18.7
11.6
8.9
54.3
45.6

837.7
547.0
14.5
10.6
6.8
31.1
20.1
12.0
9.6
56.4
48.0

850.3
556.9
14.9
10.6
6.9
31.3
20.3
12.0
9.6
57.7
48.4

391.9
196.9
11.6
6.5
4.9
21.1
13.2
9.6
4.8
37.3
23.1

391.8
197.4
12.2
6.5
4.5
19.7
12.9
9.2
4.6
38.2
23.6

395.1
198.3
12.1
6.4
4.5
20.0
13.1
9.1
4.7
38.5
23.6

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .

166.2
4.2
3.7
2.3
97.0
5.9
13.1
1.6
4.4
10.4
1.4
6.0

174.4
4.5
3.7
2.5
100.7
6.3
13.5
1.5
4.8
11.1
1.4
5.9

175.2
4.6
3.7
2.5
100.9
6.3
13.5
1.5
4.8
11.2
1.4
6.0

775.9
31.2
11.2
13.7
436.6
30.6
61.8
9.1
22.1
33.6
11.0
29.6

793.3
32.4
11.5
14.2
454.1
32.0
62.8
9.2
22.8
36.2
11.2
30.5

794.1
32.6
11.4
14.2
455.3
32.4
63.2
9.3
23.0
36.3
11.3
30.8

612.9
50.8
11.5
8.6
236.9
23.7
30.9
9.2
17.2
65.9
8.6
21.5

615.5
52.1
11.5
8.6
241.8
23.9
31.3
9.4
17.4
68.1
8.9
22.1

616.1
52.1
11.5
8.7
242.9
24.0
31.6
9.3
17.3
68.1
8.9
22.3

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul .
Rochester
St. Cloud

113.4
3.0
87.3
1.5
2.3

118.6
3.1
92.0
1.6
2.4

118.8
3.1
92.0
1.6
2.5

437.6
19.2
298.9
21.7
12.9

451.4
19.4
305.4
22.7
13.0

455.0
19.5
306.7
22.8
13.1

314.8
18.5
169.7
6.0
12.2

321.7
18.8
172.4
6.1
12.2

321.3
18.7
172.6
6.1
12.3

36.5
13.2

37.9
13.8

38.1
14.0

133.7
35.5

136.7
36.6

138.1
37.1

192.6
38.9

195.0
39.3

194.7
39.1

125.7
55.2
1.9
68.3
5.0

131.5
56.8
1.8
71.6
5.0

132.1
57.0
1.8
71.7
5.1

474.5
159.2
6.9
266.6
25.6

488.6
161.0
6.7
275.2
26.6

495.5
162.7
6.8
276.9
26.7

344.5
109.5
5.7
140.2
13.2

351.9
112.0
5.9
136.3
13.7

352.4
111.8
5.8
136.7
13.8

Mississippi .
Jackson ...
Missouri
Kansas City ...
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield ..
Montana ..

12.9

12.8

13.0

60.9

62.3

62.6

72.2

71.2

71.8

Nebraska ..
Lincoln ....
Omaha ..

46.4
7.6
28.2

48.2
7.8
29.5

48.6
7.8
29.9

144.6
22.0
76.6

146.7
22.4
75.8

147.5
22.7
75.7

137.5
30.7
44.1

137.9
30.2
43.8

139.1
30.3
44.2

Nevada
Las Vegas ....
Reno

21.6
12.9
6.5

23.3
14.0
6.9

23.6
14.2
7.0

202.6
121.5
49.6

212.1
129.4
50.2

215.6
131.4
51.2

62.3
31.2
16.0

64.0
32.1
16.3

64.5
32.5
16.4

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester,NH-ME

27.1
3.1
5.4

29.5
3.3
6.1

29.7
3.3
6.1

103.4
15.6
16.6

108.6
15.9
18.1

108.8
16.1
18.2

62.6
6.1
24.9

63.2
6.2
24.7

63.4
6.2
24.9

204.0
6.5
33.2
21.2
10.0
31.3
16.3
71.7
8.8
2.8

212.8
6.7
36.0
22.4
10.3
33.1
17.0
75.0
8.7
2.9

214.0
6.6
36.1
22.7
10.3
33.2
17.0
75.3
8.8
2.9

806.6
63.2
137.6
92.1
40.1
92.4
76.0
234.1
52.6
9.3

830.7
65.2
141.7
94.7
41.8
97.2
77.4
238.5
54.6
9.8

841.5
67.5
143.3
95.9
42.0
98.1
79.6
239.8
55.4
9.9

539.4
24.6
65.7
71.0
40.0
71.5
60.1
133.8
52.9
11.2

542.2
25.2
66.0
74.2
40.2
70.8
60.5
134.9
53.6
11.3

546.7
25.5
66.3
74.7
40.3
72.0
60.7
135.3
54.4
11.3

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic...
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
,
Vineland-Millville-Bhdgeton
See footnotes at end of table.

70




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

523.3
224.4
39.7
51.2

527.3
228.8
41.4
53.5

531.2
231.1
41.9
54.1

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

7,789.1
386.6
116.4
413.7
34.8
41.5
1,079.0
4,025.4
3,522.3
76.1
93.9
113.6
451.3
93.6
286.0
115.7
393.0

7,907.5
391.8
116.9
419.5
36.4
43.8
1,093.1
4,057.3
3,545.0
76.3
95.7
114.6
450.9
94.8
292.8
117.0
400.4

7,963.7
393.6
117.2
422.3
36.6
43.4
1,102.8
4,089.4
3,574.7
76.7
96.5
114.6
450.8
95.3
293.0
117.3
402.2

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

2,700.8
74.6
536.4
445.8
365.4

2,764.1
73.9
549.2
448.9
374.1

244.0
35.0
66.6
28.1

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Mar.
1986

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

Mar.
1987?

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987p

14.7
.2
.1
.1

14.7
.2
.1
.1

34.2
16.1
2.6
2.8

32.6
16.3
2.6
3.1

33.4
16.9
2.7
3.1

5.2
.2

17.7
.2
.1
.1

5.4
.2

284.2
15.3
4.5
11.3
1.1
1.5
49.6
138.1
109.0
2.0
3.8
5.5
14.2
4.2
12.7
2.6
23.8

292.7
15.5
4.3
11.6
1.1
1.5
51.2
141.5
111.7
2.1
3.9
5.5
14.4
4.3
12.8
2.6
24.3

5.4
.2

.1
.1
.3

.2
.1
.3

.2
.1
.3

269.9
13.4
4.3
11.8
1.0
1.4
49.5
136.2
108.9
2.0
3.6
4.9
13.3
4.0
13.1
2.5
22.2

2,787.2
74.8
554.5
452.4
375.6

4.7
.1
.3
.3
.3

4.7
.1
.3
.3
.3

4.8
.1
.3
.3
.3

150.9
3.6
30.0
23.8
23.3

154.6
3.4
30.8
22.8
23.8

159.0
3.6
31.4
23.3
24.0

243.8
35.6
68.8
28.6

244.5
35.7
68.7
28.9

5.1
.2

3.7
.2

3.7
.2

7.7
1.1
2.5
1.0

7.6
1.1
2.4
1.1

7.5
1.1
2.5
1.1

4,374.5
256.0
149.0
633.2
860.7
613.9
413.0
266.3
183.4

4,467.2
259.2
151.2
655.2
876.0
637.7
423.9
276.3
187.2

4,492.9
260.7
151.8
656.7
880.8
642.3
426.3
278.6
188.6

23.1
.7
1.1
.3
1.1
.9
.4
.2
.6

20.7
.6
1.0
.3
1.0
.9
.4
.1
.5

20.6
.6
1.0
.3
.9
.9
.4
.1
.5

133.9
7.1
4.3
22.5
22.4
20.5
12.1
7.9
5.3

139.6
7.6
4.6
24.1
21.9
22.3
14.0
8.7
5.9

145.4
7.9
5.0
25.3
22.9
23.4
14.9
9.0
6.1

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,144.7
23.3
34.2
418.7
299.7

1,121.7
21.3
32.7
399.8
299.0

1,124.6
21.5
32.8
399.3
298.9

57.9
1.5
.2
14.4
18.0

52.7
1.2
.2
11.8
17.0

52.7
1.2
.2
11.8
16.7

39.4
.8
1.3
14.0
12.3

37.7
.8
1.3
12.8
12.2

38.5
.8
1.4
12.8
12.5

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem ..

1,033.3
97.2
523.8
88.4

1,060.0
100.1
531.4
89.4

1,067.4
100.8
534.8
89.8

1.2
.1
.5
.1

1.2
.1
.5
.1

1.3
.2
.5
.1

31.5
2.6
17.7
2.8

28.7
2.6
16.5
2.4

29.0
2.7
16.4
2.5

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

4,709.0
259.8
47.8
50.9
107.8
277.3
73.6
168.1
2,058.9
758.7
827.1

4,758.1
262.2
48.2
49.1
107.5
284.9
75.2
174.4
2,104.0
763.4
830.6
r

4,805.6
264.0
49.0
49.5
108.4
286.6
75.8
175.5
2,122.0
765.8
840.7

33.8
.4
()
(2)
.3
.4
3.7
.3
1.1
2
()
6.8

30.9
.4
()
(2)
.2
.4
3.8
.3
1.1
2
()
6.5

31.5
.5
()
(2)
.3
.4
3.8
.3
1.2
2
()
6.5

169.7
8.9
1.9
3.4
2.4
9.5
2.0
8.2
81.4
17.0
33.1

175.5
10.2
2.0
3.5
2.6
10.2
2.0
9.1
88.3
16.6
36.1

188.3
10.7
2.2
3.7
2.7
10.8
2.1
9.3
92.5
17.6
38.5

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

.,...
.,

1

1

()

()
.4

1

()
(1)
.3
1.4
.9

0
O
(2)

0
(1)

.2
1.3
.8

(1)
(1)
(2)
.7

(2)

0

.3

0
0

.2
1.3
.8

(1)
(1)
(2)
.8

(2)

(1)
(1)

2

.3

(1)
(1)

2

.8
(2)

(1)
(1)

2

See footnotes at end of table.




71

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)

Manufacturin 3

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area

Mar.
1986

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Canton
Cincinnati
......
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

....
. . .
.

.

Oklahoma City
Tulsa

.

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem ..
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at e n d of table.

. ...

....

36.5
19.3
3.2
1.6

37.0
19.3
3.5
1.6

37.1
19.3
3.5
1.6

29.5
12.2
1.3
1.3

28.8
12.4
1.3
1.2

28.9
12.5
1.3
1.2

123.0
56.6
7.5
9.6

126.1
58.4
7.7
10.4

126.3
58.5
7.7
10.4

1,222.1
48.0
36.9
75.1
7.0
10.3
180.2
467.7
382.7
24.0
14.5
31.2
134.0
15.8
53.7
23.6
67.4

1,224.6
48.5
36.9
75.2
7.0
10.3
179.6
471.8
386.6
23.9
14.7
30.8
133.9
15.9
53.5
23.5
67.5

404.5
16.2
4.1
20.9
1.3
1.3
46.3
247.0
221.8
3.2
5.6
3.3
13.7
4.3
16.1
4.6
20.3

401.6
16.3
4.1
21.2
1.2
1.3
47.2
241.0
216.0
3.3
5.6
3.4
13.9
4.2
16.7
4.7
20.2

403.5
16.2
4.1
21.3
1.2
1.3
47.8
241.1
215.9
3.3
5.7
3.3
13.9
4.2
16.8
4.6
20.4

1,626.9
82.4
23.9
103.5
9.6
9.3
287.7
750.7
630.1
16.8
24.2
20.5
93.1
21.9
66.5
24.6
94.4

1,665.1
84.0
25.1
106.1
10.2
10.3
292.8
753.8
630.4
17.2
25.4
20.9
95.6
22.6
69.5
25.6
96.5

1,676.4
84.4
25.2
106.5
10.3
10.1
295.8
756.5
633.2
17.4
25.7
21.2
95.9
22.7
69.7
25.7
96.2

835.2
19.9
149.1
151.6
57.9

837.5
19.7
149.9
151.4
57.5

130.9
3.5
45.7
24.4
17.3

132.0
3.5
47.1
24.6
18.0

133.1
3.5
47.6
25.0
18.2

591.2
16.7
126.3
98.4
73.3

611.5
16.7
129.5
100.1
75.2

617.3
16.9
130.4
101.2
75.9

15.2
1.8
4.8
1.6

15.2
1.8
4.6
1.7

15.7
2.7
3.9
1.4

15.4
2.6
4.2
1.4

15.3
2.6
4.1
1.4

65.2
9.4
19.7
7.8

64.7
9.4
20.1
7.9

65.2
9.5
20.3
7.9

1,110.0
66.7
44.0
147.0
205.6
106.2
105.5
62.9
51.7

1,096.0
66.2
42.9
147.2
203.6
104.4
105.1
62.7
51.1

1,093.0
65.7
42.7
143.8
203.6
103.8
104.9
62.5
51.4

198.9
12.9
5.7
33.0
40.7
25.5
14.3
13.5
7.5

205.8
13.0
5.9
33.9
40.8
27.6
14.6
14.1
7.9

206.5
13.1
5.9
33.9
41.0
27.8
14.7
14.2
8.0

1,027.1
61.4
36.6
159.1
207.6
151.1
90.6
64.6
44.6

1,056.5
63.3
38.3
166.9
210.9
156.5
94.1
66.0
45.6

1,064.5
64.0
38.4
168.0
212.1
157.5
94.7
66.5
45.8

158.8
1.5
3.3
48.8
50.1

158.1
1.5
3.3
48.5
49.7

64.5
2.3
1.4
21.0
22.3

62.5
2.0
1.3
20.1
22.6

62.5
2.1
1.3
20.0
22.6

275.1
6.6
8.9
105.1
71.9

271.0
6.0
8.3
97.1
72.4

270.6
6.1
8.3
96.1
72.6

190.4
17.4
90.1
11.5

Ohio




Mar.
1987P

165.5
1.7
3.4
50.8
51.8

.. .

,.

72

Feb.
1987

14.8
1.8
4.5
1.5

....

North Carolina ..
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem ..

Mar.
1986

829.2
20.6
146.7
151.7
59.6

. .._ .

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk ....
New York PMSA ..
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County ..
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County...
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

Oklahoma ..
Enid

Mar.
1987?

1,264.0
51.0
38.5
76.8
6.7
9.8
180.7
483.8
399.0
24.5
14.6
32.6
143.2
15.9
54.5
24.6
67.2

N e w Mexico ....
Albuquerque
Las C r u c e s . . . . . .
Santa Fe

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks...

Feb.
1987

191.5
18.3
88.6
11.0

191.7
18.4
88.8
11.0

55.6
4.0
32.7
2.5

56.7
4.0
32.7
2.5

57.1
4.0
32.8
2.5

257.9
24.7
137.4
20.1

264.7
25.3
139.7
20.6

267.1
25.3
140.7
20.7

1,053.8
81.2
10.9
11.5
35.3
50.2
12.2
57.7
384.9
100.7
132.0

1,026.8
76.8
10.6
9.7
34.3
50.9
12.6
59.6
376.9
97.7
124.3

1,031.6
76.7
10.9
9.7
34.2
50.6
12.8
59.3
378.9
97.8
125.8

237.9
13.8
4.7
5.0
3.9
17.8
5.0
6.9
94.4
44.5
44.9

239.2
14.0
4.8
5.0
3.8
17.9
5.0
7.1
96.2
45.0
43.6

240.7
14.1
4.9
5.0
3.9
18.0
5.0
7.1
96.6
45.2
43.2

1,062.5
56.4
12.1
10.8
22.7
61.9
15.4
40.4
474.3
146.5
206.7

1,087.8
58.2
12.3
11.0
22.8
64.7
15.6
41.4
488.5
147.1
210.0

1,099.8
58.9
12.4
11.0
23.0
64.9
15.8
41.9
492.7
148.5
212.8

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Government

State and area
Mar.
1986

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe ..

...

.

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio .
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem
....
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
..
..
Pittsburgh

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

. ..

....

26.4
14.0
1.6
2.0

26.9
14.4
1.6
2.1

27.0
14.6
1.6
2.2

116.0
60.5
5.7
12.7

119.9
62.9
6.1
13.2

121.1
63.3
6.3
13.5

140.0
45.5
17.7
21.1

141.3
44.9
18.5
21.8

142.7
45.8
18.7
22.0

739.9
20.9
3.8
23.9
1.2
1.8
68.8
547.6
518.9
1.8
4.0
3.8
20.0
3.6
18.5
6.2
24.5

764.4
21.7
3.8
24.9
1.2
1.8
72.9
560.9
530.6
1.7
4.0
4.2
20.7
3.7
18.8
6.5
25.9

767.6
21.7
3.8
25.1
1.2
1.9
73.4
562.8
532.4
1.7
4.0
4.3
20.5
3.7
18.7
6.5
26.1

2,082.8
93.3
20.6
103.5
8.6
8.9
265.4
1,202.1
1,066.4
15.4
20.0
24.5
103.1
22.5
67.6
24.1
108.8

2,162.6
96.1
21.1
107.5
9.1
9.3
269.5
1,233.5
1,095.3
15.8
20.2
25.1
106.8
23.0
70.5
24.4
110.5

2,179.4
96.5
21.2
108.0
9.2
9.0
274.2
1,245.1
1,105.5
15.9
20.3
25.2
106.4
23.2
70.1
24.6
111.7

1,395.7
109.2
21.3
72.9
6.4
8.9
180.4
656.5
576.2
12.3
22.0
24.2
64.4
21.3
49.4
28.9
55.3

1,402.3
110.2
21.4
73.0
6.5
9.2
180.7
661.0
580.3
12.2
22.1
24.3
64.8
21.2
50.7
29.6
55.7

1,414.1
110.6
21.6
74.1
6.6
9.1
180.7
669.3
588.6
12.3
22.1
24.3
64.9
21.2
51.1
29.6
55.7

122.2
2.6
33.9
21.7
22.8

123.1
2.7
33.8
21.9
22.7

442.4
15.6
95.1
75.0
84.4

459.6
15.4
96.9
76.1
88.7

466.6
15.9
98.8
77.1
89.3

436.9
11.9
60.7
51.3
86.5

444.2
12.1
61.6
51.7
87.4

445.8
12.3
62.1
52.2
87.7

12.4
1.6
4.3
1.1

12.5
1.6
4.4
1.1

58.5
10.1
18.2
6.0

59.2
10.3
18.8
6.3

59.5
10.3
18.7
6.3

64.7
8.1
13.6
9.3

65.6
8.6
14.2
9.2

65.6
8.6
14.1
9.4

225.3
9.7
6.3
36.6
50.4
51.8
16.9
10.7
7.8

.

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastoma-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa ...

Mar.
1986

12.3
1.6
4.2
1.1

.

. .

Mar.
1987?

114.7
2.6
31.6
20.9
20.7

...

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy ..
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk ....
New York PMSA .. .
New York City ..
Niagara Falls
Orange County ..
.
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County...
Syracuse
... .
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

Feb.
1987

237.4
10.2
6.5
38.9
53.3
55.1
17.7
11.3
8.2

238.3
10.2
6.5
39.2
53.6
55.3
17.8
11.4
8.3

965.7
54.3
32.4
148.4
216.9
140.0
98.6
64.2
41.3

1,014.1
54.6
33.4
156.3
227.4
150.6
103.9
70.7
43.0

1,024.2
55.2
33.7
158.2
229.1
152.6
104.6
71.8
43.3

690.5
43.2
18.5
86.2
116.0
117.8
74.6
42.2
24.5

697.2
43.7
18.6
87.5
117.1
120.5
74.1
42.7
25.1

700.5
43.9
18.6
88.1
117.6
121.0
74.3
43.1
25.1

62.9
1.2
1.6
26.7
17.4

61.7
1.0
1.5
25.7
17.3

62.0
1.0
1.5
26.0
17.3

223.7
5.4
5.8
86.3
68.8

222.1
5.1
5.4
85.4
69.7

224.3
5.1
5.4
86.0
70.3

255.7
3.8
11.6
100.4
37.2

255.2
3.7
11.4
98.1
37.7

255.9
3.7
11.4
98.1
37.2

67.6
4.5
42.3
5.1

71.2
4.6
43.6
5.5

71.2
4.6
43.9
5.5

224.8
21.3
126.6
17.5

237.9
22.4
132.4
18.3

240.8
22.7
133.9
18.4

204.3
22.6
76.5
28.8

208.1
22.8
77.4
29.0

209.2
22.9
77.8
29.1

270.3
10.2
1.5
1.7
4.9
15.5
4.6
6.2
148.6
68.3
50.6

280.7
10.6
1.5
1.7
4.9
16.1
4.9
6.5
155.2
70.3
52.0

281.1
10.6
1.5
1.7
4.9
16.1
4.9
6.7
156.6
70.4
52.2

1,190.1
59.2
9.7
10.6
24.5
56.5
18.2
33.1
574.5
241.0
247.9

1,230.5
61.9
9.9
10.7
25.2
58.7
18.8
34.7
598.2
247.9
254.5

1,239.6
62.2
10.0
10.9
25.5
59.4
18.8
35.2
602.7
247.0
256.8

690.9
29.7
7.0
7.9
13.8
65.5
12.5
15.3
299.7
140.7
105.1

686.7
30.17.1
7.5
13.7
66.0
12.5
15.7
299.6
138.8
103.6

693.0
30.3
7.1
7.5
13.9
66.4
12.6
15.7
300.8
139.3
104.9

See footnotes at end of table.




73

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Constructior l

Mining

Total
State and area
Mar.
1986
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport ..
York

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

(2)

(2)

(2)

140.5
275.5
39.8
50.5
46.1
161.2

144.9
277.0
39.5
52.3
47.4
163.9

145.6
279.0
40.4
51.9
47.9
164.9

432.5
127.8
303.6

437.6
129.3
310.3

441.1
130.7
312.7

1,322.8
177.7
214.0
290.8

1,353.2
182.2
213.4
300.9

1,365.8
183.8
215.2
302.3

245.0
31.7
61.5

246.4
32.5
62.0

249.3
32.7
62.4

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

1,894.7
178.1
151.7
235.5
395.7
447.2

1,965.2
180.9
153.4
236.4
408.4
453.3

1,979.2
181.8
154.9
238.1
409.9
456.9

7.5
.9
.2
1.9
.1
.9

Texas
Abilene .......... : : .......... :
.,
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
..
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station ..,..,
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
.,
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana . . .
.......
Tyler
Victoria
.

6,660.2
52.5
79.3
365.7
131.4
59.2
66.2
49.9
132.0
1,344.6
182.4
510.6
72.5
1,447.5
67.9
35.0
67.2
91.3
87.7
48.0
49.1
37.7
493.7
38.0
44.7
62.2
28.9
78.8
50.9

6,476.1
50.3
77.3
362.7
127.1
56.2
65.7
47.8
128.2
1,312.9
183.3
510.1
68.7
1,369.2
67.8
34.7
64.6
90.5
88.3
44.2
43.5
37.0
493.3
38.0
44.5
60.0
27.8
78.2
50.1

6,475.5
50.1
76.9
362.9
126.8
56.4
65.7
48.1
128.9
1,313.3
183.6
513.2
69.2
1,370.2
67.6
34.9
64.5
90.6
88.2
44.0
43.5
36.8
492.6
37.7
44.6
59.8
27.7
77.9
50.2

232.1
3.2
1.6
1.1
2.2
2.0
.1
1.0
7.0
23.0
.2
4.1
.6
79.6
.1
1.9
4.6
.4
1.2
10.7
7.8
.8
3.0
.2
.1
2.4
2.4
.2
2.5

629.6
73.0
437.4

632.1
73.7
442.0

636.3
74.5
444.4

229.4
30.7
70.3

240.5
32.3
71.9

240.5
32.5
72.3

-..-

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
South Carolina ..
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City . . . . . . . . .
S i o u x F a l l s ..

...

Waco
Wichita Falls
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
See footnotes at end of table.

74




,

Mar.
1986

Mar.
1987P

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987p

5.3
8.5
.9
1.4
1.4
7.8

5.5
9.2
1.0
1.6
1.6
8.0

.4

.4

.4

5.0
8.5
.8
1.5
1.4
7.4

.1
.1
.1

.1
.1
.1

.1
.1
.1

14.5
3.6
10.9

15.4
3.5
13.7

15.8
3.8
14.0

1.6

86.5
13.6
13.7
21.0

86.2
14.1
14.5
20.8

88.2
14.2
14.6
21.1

2.4
.2

7.0
1.7
1.9

7.2
1.9
1.8

7.5
1.8
2.0

6.8
.9
.1
1.8
.1
.7

6.8
.9
.1
1.8
.1
.9

85.5
6.9
4.8
11.2
18.0
26.6

92.1
6.3
4.8
11.5
18.7
29.3

92.5
6.6
4.9
11.3
19.0
29.9

190.0
2.2
1.3
1.0
1.7
1.3
.1
.8
6.0
19.0
.2
3.4
.4
62.7
.1
1.9
3.5
.3
1.1
8.8
6.3
.6
2.6
.1
.1
1.9
1.8
.1
2.0

189.7
2.2
1.3
1.0
1.6
1.3
.1
.7
6.0
19.1
.1
3.4
.4
62.5
.1
1.9
3.6
.3
1.0
8.8
6.2
.6
2.6
.1
.1
1.9
1.7
.1
2.0

431.4
2.7
4.2
25.0
8.0
6.1
3.0
2.5
9.1
87.3
9.9
32.8
6.1
99.7
3.8
1.4
3.5
4.5
4.6
1.8
2.9
2.2
37.3
1.7
2.0
3.1
2.2
4.1
2.2

373.8
2.3
4.0
21.3
7.6
5.5
2.7
2.0
7.7
67.8
9.7
29.4
4.0
83.7
3.7
1.4
3.0
3.1
4.6
1.5
2.3
2.0
31.7
1.8
1.4
2.6
1.9
3.8
2.0

370.1
2.3
3.9
21.1
7.6
5.6
2.7
2.1
7.6
67.0
9.7
30.3
3.8
83.5
3.7
1.3
3.0
3.2
4.6
1.5
2.4
2.0
31.2
1.8
1.4
2.6
1.9
3.8
2.0

8.4

30.0
2.7
21.1

26.1
2.3
19.1

27.1
2.5
19.8

12.4
1.5
3.9

13.9
1.7
3.8

13.5
1.6
3.6

0.7
.1
.2

0.7
.2
.2
(2)

(2)

1.6

(2)

1.6

(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

V)

O

O

()

O

8.4

8.3
(1)

(1)

(1)
1.8

2.6

.4
.2
(1)

(1)
(1)
(1)
2.4
.2

2.4
.2
1

0.8
.2
.2

2.6
.5
.2

.3
.1
(1)

0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
Dublic utilities

Manufacturin g
State and area
Mar.
1986
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College ...
Williamsport ..
York

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987p

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

47.7
72.5
10.0
7.6
14.7
57.5

48.4
70.9
8.9
7.5
15.4
57.1

48.2
71.2
8.9
7.3
15.6
56.9

6.3
14.6
2.1
1.2
1.9
6.9

6.6
14.7
1.8
1.3
1.8
7.0

6.7
14.8
1.8
1.3
1.8
7.1

30.1
61.1
10.0
8.9
10.2
37.9

31.0
62.0
10.5
9.5
10.6
38.6

31.3
62.3
10.7
9.4
10.7
39.0

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence ..

118.8
55.1
75.0

119.2
55.3
74.6

120.2
55.9
75.3

14.0
3.4
10.8

14.6
3.5
11.4

14.6
3.6
11.4

94.7
29.6
64.8

96.3
30.2
67.1

96.9
30.3
67.5

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg ...

363.3
19.7
27.8
96.9

364.0
20.6
28.8
98.2

364.0
20.5
28.8
98.4

55.7
8.9
9.9
10.1

56.2
9.0
10.0
10.9

56.5
9.0
10.1
10.9

281.0
42.9
47.1
65.0

294.3
44.5
45.8
68.9

298.1
45.0
46.2
69.2

27.2
2.8
8.2

28.5
3.1
8.4

28.5
3.1
8.4

12.6
1.9
4.6

12.5
1.8
4.7

12.5
1.7
4.6

63.0
9.1
16.4

63.2
9.5
16.2

64.1
9.6
16.4

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

488.6
44.0
52.1
51.1
51.4
89.5

492.5
43.7
52.0
50.5
51.6
88.6

493.4
43.7
51.9
50.3
52.3
88.6

94.8
8.5
6.1
9.0
34.3
22.1

97.2
8.6
6.3
8.9
36.7
22.1

97.8
8.7
6.3
9.1
36.9
22.1

437.0
40.4
33.2
58.0
108.6
108.0

456.0
41.6
33.5
55.7
110.2
108.4

461.8
41.5
33.7
56.7
110.5
109.0

Texas
Abilene ...
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur..
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station ...
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City ...
Houston
...
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall ..
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission ..
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana ..
Tyler
Victoria ..

972.7
5.3
9.7
40.8
25.6
16.2
9.6
3.4
12.4
229.9
35.8
113.8
9.7
162.4
8.9
1.9
15.8
7.4
11.8
3.6
4.5
5.6
48.9
11.8
7.0
11.7
2.9
16.2
8.2

942.5
4.8
9.7
39.4
24.0
15.2
9.6
2.8
11.8
222.2
34.1
111.9
9.0
147.5
8.6
1.8
14.8
7.2
12.6
3.1
3.5
5.8
45.9
11.0
7.1
11.0
3.0
14.8
8.1

943.8
4.7
9.8
39.6
23.9
15.2
9.5
2.8
11.9
222.4
34.4
113.2
9.0
147.5
8.5
1.9
14.9
7.3
12.3
2.9
3.5
5.8
45.3
11.1
7.1
10.9
2.9
14.5
8.0

374.4
2.6
6.1
11.1
10.2
2.5
3.1
1.6
7.4
86.3
9.9
26.0
5.0
97.1
2.8
3.8
3.4
4.7
2.9
2.4
2.2
3.4
19.1
1.9
1.9
3.0
1.6
3.4
2.7

375.9
2.6
5.8
11.4
9.7
2.2
3.0
1.6
7.2
86.0
9.8
27.1
4.6
92.1
2.7
3.9
3.1
4.5
2.9
2.3
2.0
3.2
18.2
2.1
1.9
2.7
1.5
3.4
2.6

375.1
2.5
5.5
11.4
9.5
2.2
3.0
1.6
7.2
86.0
9.7
27.3
4.6
91.4
2.8
3.9
3.1
4.5
2.8
2.2
2.0
3.2
18.1
2.1
1.9
2.7
1.4
3.3
2.6

1,680.6
14.3
23.1
81.2
32.2
11.5
18.1
11.0
34.0
356.3
44.3
135.5
13.4
366.0
16.0
10.4
17.2
27.2
25.9
10.9
14.5
9.5
127.0
8.3
10.6
16.3
8.0
18.7
12.3

1,647.6
14.2
22.6
80.1
31.2
10.8
17.8
10.9
33.8
352.8
44.8
134.9
13.1
349.2
15.9
9.8
17.1
27.6
25.9
10.6
13.0
9.4
129.4
8.8
10.7
16.1
7.7
19.2
12.3

1,645.3
14.2
22.6
80.1
31.2
11.0
17.7
10.9
34.0
352.8
45.1
134.6
13.3
347.8
15.9
10.0
17.0
27.4
26.1
10.6
13.0
9.3
129.7
8.6
10.7
16.0
7.8
19.3
12.4

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

92.7
11.4
62.3

89.5
9.9
60.8

89.7
10.0
61.0

37.5
2.4
28.9

37.4
2.6
28.9

37.4
2.6
28.9

148.0
15.0
108.3

152.2
15.8
111.8

153.4
15.9
112.5

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington ...

49.1
4.4
17.0

49.4
4.5
16.4

49.6
4.5
16.6

9.4
.8
2.9

10.0
.8
3.0

10.1
.8
3.0

50.6
6.5
15.7

54.2
6.9
16.4

53.8
7.1
16.5

South Dakota ...
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Waco
Wichita Falls ..

.

See footnotes at end of table.




75

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987p

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College ..
.
Williamsport ..
York

6.9
11.4
1.3
1.5
2.2
4.6

7.4
12.1
1.4
1.6
2.2
4.8

7.6
12.2
1.4
1.6
2.2
5.0

27.7
64.7
10.1
8.5
9.2
28.4

28.9
66.6
10.7
9.0
9.4
30.2

29.1
66.7
11.1
9.0
9.4
30.3

16.8
42.0
5.3
21.1
6.5
18.1

17.3
41.5
5.2
21.8
6.6
18.0

17.2
41.8
5.3
21.5
6.6
18.2

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

24.5
3.4
20.4

25.0
3.5
21.5

25.1
3.5
21.5

107.0
22.8
77.6

108.5
23.4
78.3

109.7
23.6
79.2

58.9
9.8
44.0

58.5
9.8
43.6

58.7
9.9
43.7

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

59.1
8.1
17.2
11.4

62.2
8.4
17.1
11.5

63.0
8.8
17.4
11.5

217.4
35.6
38.6
46.4

225.1
36.4
39.3
48.8

228.8
36.8
39.8
49.0

258.2
48.8
59.4
39.7

263.6
49.1
57.6
41.5

265.6
49.4
58.0
41.9

South Dakota
Rapid City ...
Sioux Falls ..

14.0
1.6
6.0

14.2
1.6
5.8

14.4
1.6
5.9

59.3
7.9
17.0

59.6
7.8
17.7

60.1
7.9
17.6

59.5
6.5
7.4

58.9
6.6
7.4

59.8
6.7
7.4

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
... .
Memphis
Nashville

92.1
10.7
4.8
8.8
22.3
30.3

93.5
11.8
4.8
8.4
23.2
30.3

93.4
11.8
4.8
8.4
23.4
30.0

373.8
34.9
26.4
47.6
90.6
104.9

398.8
34.9
26.4
48.5
97.2
107.1

402.7
35.3
26.8
49.3
97.4
109.1

315.3
31.7
24.1
47.9
70.4
64.9

328.3
33.1
25.5
51.1
70.7
66.8

330.8
33.3
26.4
51.2
70.3
67.3

448.4
2.6
4.4
25.1
5.5
2.2
3.5
1.9
6.8
132.5
9.5
28.1
4.5
106.2
3.2
1.6
3.2
5.5
4.1
3.1
1.7
1.8
38.0
1.3
1.9
3.8
1.6
4.7
2.4

440.7
2.6
4.4
25.5
5.4
1.9
3.3
1.7
6.8
131.2
9.8
28.4
4.4
100.6
3.0
1.6
3.4
5.3
3.7
2.9
1.7
1.8
38.9
1.4
1.8
3.7
1.5
4.8
2.4

440.9
2.6
4.4
25.5
5.5
2.0
3.4
1.7
6.9
130.9
9.8
28.4
4.4
101.2
3.0
1.6
3.3
5.3
3.7
2.9
1.6
1.8
39.1
1.3
1.8
3.6
1.5
4.9
2.4

1,378.5
13.4
16.0
83.0
27.6
7.9
13.3
8.1
27.7
287.0
33.9
106.7
12.5
345.0
13.4
5.7
11.2
19.9
14.0
9.2
7.8
7.7
112.8
7.6
8.9
13.1
5.8
19.2
11.0

1,356.3
13.3
16.1
83.7
27.4
7.7
13.6
7.7
27.6
284.1
35.0
111.1
12.5
342.8
14.1
5.9
11.3
20.8
13.6
8.7
7.1
7.5
116.7
7.6
8.9
13.2
6.0
19.7
11.2

1,359.8
13.3
16.1
83.8
27.4
7.7
13.7
7.7
28.0
285.3
35.1
111.9
12.9
344.9
13.9
5.9
11.2
20.7
13.8
8.8
7.1
7.5
116.6
7.6
9.0
13.3
6.0
19.6
11.2

1,142.1
8.4
14.2
98.4
20.1
10.8
15.5
20.4
27.6
142.3
38.9
63.6
20.7
191.5
19.7
8.3
8.3
21.7
23.2
6.3
7.7
6.7
107.6
5.2
12.3
8.8
4.4
12.3
9.6

1,149.3
8.3
13.4
100.3
20.1
11.6
15.6
20.3
27.3
149.3
39.9
63.9
20.7
190.6
19.7
8.4
8.4
21.7
23.9
6.3
7.6
6.7
109.9
5.2
12.6
8.8
4.4
12.4
9.5

1,150.8
8.3
13.3
100.4
20.1
11.4
15.6
20.6
27.3
149.8
39.7
64.1
20.8
191.4
19.7
8.4
8.4
21.9
23.9
6.3
7.7
6.6
110.0
5.1
12.6
8.8
4.5
12.4
9.6

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden

32.4
2.1
26.8

33.4
2.3
27.4

33.5
2.4
27.5

137.1
25.6
93.1

140.8
26.8
95.3

142.0
27.1
96.1

143.5
13.7
95.1

144.4
13.9
96.1

144.7
14.1
96.0

Vermont
Barre-Montpelier..
Burlington

10.6
2.7
3.2

11.5
2.9
3.3

11.6
3.0
3.3

57.0
6.6
16.0

61.0
7.3
17.7

60.7
7.1
17.8

39.9
8.0
11.6

40.2
8.1
11.3

40.7
8.2
11.5

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station ..
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City ...
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission ..
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo ...
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
. .
Victoria ..

Waco
Wichita Falls

See footnotes at end of table.

76




—

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Virginia ..
Bristol ...
Charlottesville
Danville .
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke...

2,494.0
29.5
60.3
38.3
69.3
519.6
637.5
408.3
115.5

2,568.0
30.3
62.3
38.8
70.3
526.4
661.4
419.7
117.6

2,591.5
30.5
62.8
38.7
70.5
529.9
667.8
424.9
118.3

16.7
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
.4
.1

15.5
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.4
.3
.1

15.5
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.4
.4
.1

155.2
.8
3.1
1.3
2.7
35.8
44.1
23.8
6.1

161.4
.7
3.4
1.1
2.9
34.6
43.6
24.8
6.2

166.2
.7
3.5
1.1
3.0
34.0
44.3
26.0
6.5

Washington
Seattle

1,736.7
871.3

1,770.9
898.0

1,789.8
903.7

2.8
.6

2.8
.6

2.9
.6

78.9
42.4

80.6
42.4

83.9
43.0

585.9
105.0
99.1
57.0
55.9

584.9
105.7
98.9
57.9
55.9

590.5
106.6
100.0
58.6
56.3

41.8
2.5
.9
.8
2.4

36.8
2.2
1.0
.8
2.4

36.5
2.3
1.0
.8
2.4

18.5
3.5
3.2
2.3
1.3

19.7
3.9
3.1
2.5
1.3

21.4
4.3
3.4
2.6
1.5

1,968.4
137.0
51.5
89.3
52.4
37.1
47.8
188.1
664.5
66.7
43.2
43.2

1,999.5
137.6
54.4
90.0
52.2
38.2
48.8
190.4
677.6
67.5
44.6
44.4

2,006.9
139.2
55.5
90.8
52.3
38.5
48.8
191.6
678.4
68.2
44.9
44.8

1.6

53.7
5.0
1.2
3.5
1.1
1.0
1.1
5.6
17.9
1.5
1.2
1.2

55.4
4.8
1.3
2.6
1.3
.9
1.0
4.9
18.9
1.8
1.0
1.2

55.7
4.8
1.2
2.7
1.2
1.0
1.0
4.7
19.1
2.1
1.0
1.4

Wyoming

197.0

185.3

185.2

17.3

16.1

11.1

11.1

Puerto Rico ..
Caguas
Mayaguez ...
Ponce
San Juan ... .

706.1
43.3
51.5
45.2
435.3

723.2
43.5
51.5
45.9
445.7

726.3
44.0
51.7
45.7
447.4

31.9

32.6
(1)
(1)
3.3
25.3

Virgin Islands

37.6

38.4

West Virginia ...
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan ..,.,
Wausau

(1)

Mar.
1986

1.4

1.3
(1)

O
0
1
(1)
()

0
O
1
(1)
(1)
()
V)
0
V)
(1)
0

17.3

.7

(1)

o
0
1
(1)
(1)
()
V)
0
C)

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
.1
.4

,9

.9

O
(1)

(1)

Mar.
1986

0
(1)
(1)

o
(1)
(1)
V)

21.0

o

Mar.
1987P

Feb.
1987

.1
.6

0
(1)

(1)

.1
.5

24.6

V)
(1)

2.4
18.7
2.2

Feb.
1987

O
0

3.3
24.6
2.2

Mar.
1987?

(1)

See footnotes at end of table.




77

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

Wholesale and retail trade

State and area
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Virginia ..
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News .
Northern Virginia
...
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

422.3
9.5
8.5
16.2
23.9
69.0
33.9
63.0
20.8

422.7
9.5
8.6
16.7
24.2
66.1
34.4
63.5
20.6

422.4
9.6
8.1
16.6
24.1
66.4
34.4
63.5
20.6

133.6
1.1
2.1
.9
2.9
25.5
43.9
21.9
8.9

139.8
1.2
2.1
1.0
2.9
25.4
47.4
22.1
8.7

140.4
1.2
2.1
1.0
2.9
25.5
47.5
22.2
8.7

557.5
7.7
11.5
7.9
13.1
125.2
148.7
98.3
30.6

580.4
8.3
11.5
7.9
13.3
130.0
153.9
99.9
31.7

586.1
8.3
11.7
7.9
13.2
130.9
154.7
100.9
31.9

Washington
Seattle

300.3
169.3

299.8
176.1

302.5
176.7

94.1
56.5

94.9
57.3

95.1
57.0

421.3
213.6

431.5
221.6

435.6
222.7

85.9
12.4
19.5
14.2
7.4

86.3
12.2
19.2
13.9
6.5

86.0
12.1
19.3
14.0
6.4

37.0
8.4
7.4
2.0
3.0

35.5
8.0
7.1
2.0
2.9

35.6
8.1
7.1
1.9
3.0

132.2
27.2
25.1
13.5
14.6

132.5
27.5
25.1
14.0
15.5

134.6
27.6
25.3
14.2
15.6

505.1
48.4
9.6
23.7
17.4
11.3
10.3
20.5
168.8
24.4
18.3
11.5

505.0
47.7
9.8
23.4
16.4
12.1
10.0
21.1
166.3
24.1
18.9
12.0

507.2
48.3
10.2
23.5
16.0
12.2
10.0
21.5
166.1
24.2
19.0
12.1

91.9
5.3
2.8
6.3
2.0
1.3
2.3
6.4
34.6
2.3
1.4
2.7

90.8
5.2
3.0
6.4
1.9
1.3
2.2
6.5
34.6
2.3
1.4
2.7

91.1
5.3
3.0
6.4
1.9
1.3
2.2
6.5
34.6
2.3
1.4
2.7

456.3
28.5
14.2
23.1
12.9
8.0
12.7
40.3
148.6
15.2
8.1
10.7

470.4
29.2
16.1
23.8
13.2
8.2
13.8
42.0
155.7
15.9
8.5
11.1

472.8
29.5
16.2
23.8
13.3
8.3
13.7
42.2
156.3
16.1
8.5
11.2

..

West Virginia
Charleston .
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling ...
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah .
Eau Claire ...
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse ..
-...
Madison
Milwaukee ...
.
Racine
Sheboygan

Wausau
Wyoming ...
Puerto Rico .

Caguas
Mayaguez ...
Ponce
San Juan ...
Virgin Islands ...
See footnotes at end of table.

78




7.5

7.5

7.6

14.1

13.9

13.8

44.2

43.0

43.0

152.4
14.8
20.5
9.5
65.6

150.1
15.2
20.0
8.9
64.0

150.3
15.4
20.1
8.7
64.0

14.3

11.1

15.5
(1)
1
()
(1)
11.7

14.8
(1)
1
()
(1)
11.1

121.9
8.1
6.6
7.0
84.7

125.3
8.0
6.8
7.5
86.4

125.7
7.9
6.9
7.5
86.8

1.7

1.8

2.4

2.5

8.7

8.7

O

O
(1)
(1)

(1)

(1)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Services

Govemmeni

State and area
Mar.
1986

Mar.
1987?

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
y 1987P

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Virginia ..
Bristol
Charlottesville ..
..
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News ..
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

126.1
.9
2.8
1.2
3.2
23.1
38.2
32.8
7.4

133.6
.9
3.1
1.1
3.3
24.3
41.8
33.9
8.1

134.3
.9
3.1
1.1
3.3
24.4
42.2
34.2
8.1

557.8
4.4
10.3
5.7
13.7
114.7
192.0
80.6
26.0

585.7
4.4
10.8
5.7
14.3
119.7
201.2
85.3
26.6

593.4
4.4
10.9
5.8
14.4
122.0
204.0
87.6
26.7

524.7
5.2
21.9
5.1
9.6
126.2
136.2
87.7
15.4

528.8
5.3
22.7
5.3
9.5
126.3
138.7
89.9
15.6

533.1
5.3
23.4
5.3
9.5
126.7
140.3
90.2
15.7

Washington ..
Seattle ....

103.3
65.1

106.4
66.7

106.9
66.7

384.4
196.1

399.4
203.8

404.2
206.7

351.6
127.7

355.5
129.5

358.7
130.3

23.2
5.9
4.1
2.1
2.6

24.1
6.0
4.3
2.1
2.6

24.2
6.0
4.3
2.1
2.6

119.3
24.0
19.3
12.6
15.3

122.2
24.8
20.0
12.8
15.5

122.5
25.1
20.2
13.0
15.5

128.0
21.1
19.6
9.5
9.3

127.8
21.1
19.1
9.8
9.2

129.7
21.1
19.4
10.0
9.3

105.2
6.8
1.8
3.1
1.6
1.0
1.4
16.4
45.3
2.1
2.0
3.3

108.8
7.1
1.8
3.3
1.7
1.1
1.4
17.1
46.8
2.1
2.0
3.4

109.4
7.2
1.9
3.3
1.7
1.1
1.4
17.2
47.0
2.1
2.0
3.4

423.7
25.6
10.8
18.9
10.7
8.2
12.5
39.9
167.2
12.9
6.8
7.6

435.3
26.6
12.0
19.8
10.9
8.4
13.1
40.3
173.0
12.8
7.3
7.9

436.2
27.0
12.1
20.0
11.0
8.3
13.1
40.9
173.3
13.2
7.3
7.9

331.2
17.4
11.1
10.7
6.7
6.3
7.5
59.0
81.8
8.2
5.3
6.2

332.6
17.0
10.3
10.8
6.9
6.3
7.3
58.3
82.0
8.3
5.6
6.0

333.0
17.1
10.9
11.0
7.1
6.3
7.4
58.4
81.6
8.2
5.6
6.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

31.9

31.6

31.6

54.3

52.9

52.7

32.2
(1)
(1)
(1)
26.1

33.3
(1)
(1)
(1)
27.0

33.4
(1)

98.2
(1)
(1)
7.9
72.1

101.2
(1)
(1)
7.7
73.9

103.4

0

261.9
14.9
16.2
15.4
156.6

265.0
14.9
16.3
15.4
157.6

265.3
14.9
16.2
15.4
157.8

1.6

1.6

0

7.9

8.9

13.1

12.7

West Virginia .. .
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
;,
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan ...Wausau
Wyoming
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
,
San Juan
Virgin Islands
Not available.
Combined with construction.
= preliminary.




,.

27.1

0
7.8
74.6
(1)

0

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1986 benchmarks.

79

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Construction

Mining
Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

114.61

41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0

$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60

$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80

37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9

$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79

$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54

3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16

119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91

42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0

3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49

164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07

37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0

5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27

195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99

6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.75

235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.50

43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.3

9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.45

397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
526.64

37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.5

9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.31
12.42

367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.09
465.75

1964..
1965..
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969..

38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7

$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04

$91.33

1970..
1971 ..
1972..
1973..
1974..
1975..
1976..
1977..
1978..
1979..

37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7

1980..
1981 ..
1982..
1983..
1984..
1985..
1986..

35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8

95.45

98.82
101.84
107.73

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1986:
April
May
June
July
August

September..
October
November...
December...
1987:
January
February
Marchp
ApriP

34.6
34.7
34.9
35.0
35.1
34.8
34.7
34.7
34.9

$8.72
8.72
8.71
8.69
8.70
8.81
8.81
8.85
8.83

$301.71
302.58
303.98
304.15
305.37
306.59
305.71
307.10
308.17

42.0
41.8
42.0
41.6
42.3
42.3
42.2
41.6
42.6

$12.43
12.44
12.50
12.46
12.51
12.52
12.51
12.57
12.60

$522.06
519.99
525.00
518.34
529.17
529.60
527.92
522.91
536.76

37.6
37.9
37.8
38.3
38.4
38.5
38.0
36.5
36.9

$12.29
12.33
12.31
12.31
12.39
12.54
12.62
12.59
12.70

$462.10
467.31
465.32
471.47
475.78
482.79
479.56
459.54
468.63

34.4
34.6
34.6
34.5

8.88
8.89
8.89
8.89

305.47
307.59
307.59
306.71

42.8
42.4
42.1
41.8

12.67
12.60
12.56
12.43

542.28
534.24
528.78
519.57

37.3
36.9
37.5
37.5

12.53
12.46
12.55
12.54

467.37
459.77
470.63
470.25

See footnotes at end of table.




8
1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities

Manufacturing
Year and
month

Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime

Weekly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63

$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74

40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2

$2.52
2.61
2.73
2.88
3.05
3.23

$102.56
106.49
111.11
116.06
122.31
129.85

40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9

3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16

155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58

39.9
39.5
39.4
39.3
38.8
38.7
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8

3.44
3.65
3.85
4.08
4.39
4.73
5.03
5.39
5.88
6.39

137.26
144.18
151.69
160.34
170.33
183.05
194.66
209.13
228.14
247.93

39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2

8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.63

351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
455.90

38.5
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.4

6.96
7.56
8.09
8.55
8.89
9.16
9.35

267.96
291.06
309.85
329.18
342.27
351.74
359.04

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964..
1965..
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969..

40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6

$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19

$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05

$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51

41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7

1970..
1971 ..
1972..
1973..
1974..
1975..
1976..
1977..
1978..
1979..

39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2

3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70

3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43

133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34

1980..
1981 ..
1982..
1983..
1984..
1985..
1986..

39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7

7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.53
9.73

7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.33

288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
385.97
396.01

Weekly
earnings

Wholesale trade

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

1986:
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1987:
January ....
February ...
Marchp
ApriP

40.5
40.6
40.8
40.2
40.7
41.0
40.8
41.0
41.6

$9.70
9.71
9.70
9.74
9.68
9.73
9.72
9.77
9.84

$9.33
9.34
9.32
9.35
9.27
9.31
9.31
9.36
9.41

$392.85
394.23
395.76
391.55
393.98
398.93
396.58
400.57
409.34

39.0
39.0
39.4
39.4
39.4
39.1
39.1
39.3
39.2

$11.55
11.54
11.57
11.61
11.61
11.70
11.68
11.75
11.71

$450.45
450.06
455.86
457.43
457.43
457.47
456.69
461.78
459.03

38.3
38.4
38.5
38.5
38.5
38.3
38.4
38.4
38.4

$9.29
9.29
9.32
9.30
9.32
9.37
9.35
9.46
9.47

$355.81
356.74
358.82
358.05
358.82
358.87
359.04
363.26
363.65

40.8
40.8
40.9
40.4

9.83
9.83
9.84
9.87

9.43
9.43
9.43
9.48

401.06
401.06
402.46
398.75

38.7
39.1
39.1
38.8

11.73
11.77
11.75
11.79

453.95
460.21
459.43
457.45

38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1

9.49
9.55
9.53
9.55

361.57
363.86
363.09
363.86

See footnotes at end of table.

82




ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

Retail trade
Year and
month

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
earnings

$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70

36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7

$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61

$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57

3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27

112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77

34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7

2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36

96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27

5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.34

209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.41

32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5

5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.89
8.16

190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.43
265.20

Weekly
hours

Hourly
earnings

1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2

$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30

$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66

37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1

$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6

2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53

82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
138.62

36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986

30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2

4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.02

147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
175.78

36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.5

Weekly
earnings

Services

Hourly
earnings

Weekly
hours

Weekly
earnings

Annual averages

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1986:
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November.
December,
1987:
January
February ...
Marchp
Aprilp

28.9
29.1
29.5
29.9
29.9
29.2
29.0
29.1
29.5

$6.01
6.00
5.99
5.97
5.97
6.05
6.04
6.07
6.05

$173.69
174.60
176.71
178.50
178.50
176.66
175.16
176.64
178.48

36.4
36.3
36.6
36.5
36.6
36.4
36.6
36.7
36.6

$8.29
8.31
8.37
8.30
8.33
8.37
8.38
8.54
8.46

$301.76
301.65
306.34
302.95
304.88
304.67
306.71
313.42
309.64

32.4
32.4
32.6
32.8
32.8
32.3
32.4
32.4
32.4

$8.12
8.10
8.10
8.04
8.05
8.19
8.22
8.31
8.31

$263.09
262.44
264.06
263.71
264.04
264.54
266.33
269.24
269.24

28.4
28.8
28.9
29.2

6.07
6.06
6.06

172.39
174.53
175.13
176.95

36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4

8.58
8.71
8.69
8.63

313.17
317.92
316.32
314.13

32.2
32.3
32.3
32.2

8.36
8.41
8.40
8.38

269.19
271.64
271.32
269.84

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.




p

= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1985 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1985 forward are subject to revision.

83

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry

1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Total private

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

34.7

34.6

34.6

42.0

42.4

42.1

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

34.5

42.3

Mining

34.6

Mar.
1986

41.8

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

41.7
42.3
41.5

41.3
40.5
41.1

42.3
43.5
42.4

42.2
42.1
42.7

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

11,12
12

41.3
41.3

40.5
40.5

42.8
42.9

42.4
42.5

Oil and gas extraction
13
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2
138
Oil and gas field services

42.7
43.3
42.4

42.0
42.5
41.7

41.8
40.8
42.5

41.3
40.2
42.0

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

42.8
44.4

44.9
46.8

43.2
43.8

44.0
45.1

36.4

37.6

36.9

37.5

15
152
153
154

36.4
35.5
39.3
37.1

37.1
36.2
40.2
37.9

36.9
36.1
37.0
37.7

37.4
37.0
36.9
38.0

16
161
162

39.3
38.3
39.7

41.2
41.1
41.3

41.3
41.0
41.5

41.2
40.6
41.5

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

35.6
37.2
33.9
38.5
34.1
33.5
30.6

36.7
37.9
34.9
38.5
35.1
34.2
33.2

35.9
37.5
34.7
37.8
33.7
34.9
31.8

36.6
38.0
35.3
38.6
34.5
35.5
32.1

40.7

40.5

40.8

40.9

41.4

41.2

41.5

41.6

14
142

Crushed and broken stone
37.5

Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work

,

Manufacturing
Durable goods

3.4

3.2

3.5

3.6

3.3

3.5

40.4

3.4

3.6

3.7

3.4

Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

40.0
39.4
41.4
41.6
40.9
40.3
40.3
38.7
40.6
43.2
38.5
36.6
37.3
39.8

40.2
39.5
41.5
41.8
40.9
40.4
40.4
38.4
41.1
42.7
38.2
37.1
37.1
40.0

40.5
40.3
42.0
42.2
41.3
40.5
39.7
39.7
41.1
43.8
38.3
36.6
36.3
40.4

40.7
39.8
41.8
41.9
41.7
41.1
41.4
40.2
41.2
42.4
38.6
38.0
37.7
40.4

40.6

3.2
3.3
4.0
4.2
3.1
3.1
2.5
2.4
3.5
5.3
2.4
1.5
1.5
3.0

3.3
3.7
4.1
4.3
3.1
3.2
2.5
2.6
3.7
5.0
2.2
1.8
1.6
3.0

3.5
4.2
4.5
4.7
3.8
3.3
2.0
3.2
4.1
5.4
2.3
1.5
1.2
3.3

3.7
4.2
4.5
4.7
4.2
3.6
3.1
3.2
4.1
5.2
2.6
1.9
1.6
3.4

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
!54
259

39.2
38.8
38.9
37.8
41.1
38.4
40.1
39.1
40.4
39.3

38.9
38.4
39.0
37.1
40.7
37.4
39.2
39.7
40.5
39.4

39.3
39.4
39.5
39.1
41.3
38.4
38.4
40.0
40.1
38.2

39.8
39.9
40.3
39.1
41.5
38.8
39.4
39.5
39.7
39.8

39.0

2.4
2.3
2.3
1.8
4.2
2.1
2.6
2.2
2.6
2.0

2.3
2.2
2.4
1.4
4.0
1.9
2.5
2.7
2.6
2.1

2.7
2.8
2.9
2.5
4.2
2.3
2.1
3.1
2.8
1.8

2.7
2.9
3.0
2.5
4.1
2.9
2.4
2.3
2.5
2.8

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass

32
321
322

41.5
44.5
41.7

42.5
45.1
41.8

41.9
45.5
42.8

42.3
45.3
42.7

42.2

4.5
5.9
4.7

5.0
6.7
4.7

4.6
6.6
4.4

4.8
6.1
4.5

Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
See footnotes at end of table.

84



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Total private

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

$8.73

$8.89

$8.89

$8.89 $302.93 $301.71 $307.59 $307.59 $306.71

12.35

Mining

$8.72
12.43

12.60

12.56

12.43

519.57

522.41

522.06

534.24

528.78

12.89
14.67
11.36

557.95
586.39
528.30

559.20
564.57
535.12

541.86
618.14
480.39

543.96
617.61
485.07

15.76
15.81

15.70
15.75

626.52
628.59

617.63
619.65

674.53
678.25

665.68
669.38

11.64
13.68
10.38

11.53
14.10
9.91

11.52
14.13
9.89

493.61
595.38
437.57

488.88
581.40
432.85

481.95
575.28
421.18

475.78
568.03
415.38

10.18
9.49

10.30
9.72

10.57
9.74

10.56
9.83

435.70
421.36

462.47
454.90

456.62
426.61

464.64
443.33

12.22

12.29

12.46

12.55

444.81

462.10

459.77

470.63

15
152
153
154

11.22
10.63
9.41
11.89

11.26
10.67
9.46
11.96

11.44
10.82
9.94
12.15

11.52
10.89
10.06
12.24

408.41
377.37
369.81
441.12

417.75
386.25
380.29
453.28

422.14
390.60
367.78
458.06

430.85
402.93
371.21
465.12

16
161
162

11.41
10.39
11.84

11.75
11.22
12.03

11.56
11.00
11.82

11.69
11.23
11.92

448.41
397.94
470.05

484.10
461.14
496.84

477.43
451.00
490.53

481.63
455.94
494.68

17
171
172
173
174
175
176

12.92
13.13
11.85
14.29
12.91
12.13
11.38

12.91
13.15
11.84
14.28
13.00
12.40
11.29

13.14
13.36
12.19
14.56
13.21
12.21
11.34

13.22
13.48
12.16
14.67
13.30
12.32
11.32

459.95
488.44
401.72
550.17
440.23
406.36
348.23

473.80
498.39
413.22
549.78
456.30
424.08
374.83

471.73
501.00
422.99
550.37
445.18
426.13
360.61

483.85
512.24
429.25
566.26
458.85
437.36
363.37

9.72

9.70

9.83

9.84

9.87

395.60

392.85

401.06

402.46

398.75

10.30

10.28

10.39

10.38

10.39

426.42

423.54

431.19

431.81

427.03

24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249

8.33
10.98
8.60
9.01
6.51
8.25
8.46
7.40
6.81
9.82
5.92
7.54
7.55
7.16

8.32
11.00
8.61
9.02
6.50
8.23
8.42
7.46
6.77
9.80
5.93
7.60
7.63
7.21

8.33
10.60
8.48
8.87
6.62
8.31
8.49
7.66
6.83
9.72
6.04
7.78
7.75
7.21

8.30
10.47
8.42
8.78
6.67
8.34
8.66
7.58
6.84
9.66
6.06
7.94
7.98
7.18

8.36

333.20
432.61
356.04
374.82
266.26
332.48
340.94
286.38
276.49
424.22
227.92
275.96
281.62
284.97

334.46
434.50
357.32
377.04
265.85
332.49
340.17
286.46
278.25
418.46
226.53
281.96
283.07
288.40

337.37
427.18
356.16
374.31
273.41
336.56
337.05
304.10
280.71
425.74
231.33
284.75
281.33
291.28

337.81
416.71
351.96
367.88
278.14
342.77
358.52
304.72
281.81
409.58
233.92
301.72
300.85
290.07

339.42

Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures

25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259

7.35
6.79
6.33
7.40
6.75
7.20
8.27
7.90
8.72
7.72

7.36
6.78
6.33
7.43
6.76
7.16
8.30
7.95
8.75
7.71

7.55
7.01
6.53
7.69
7.06
7.34
8.42
8.05
9.05
8.03

7.55
7.03
6.52
7.72
7.02
7.43
8.41
7.99
9.07
7.99

7.55

288.12
263.45
246.24
279.72
277.43
276.48
331.63
308.89
352.29
303.40

286.30
260.35
246.87
275.65
275.13
267.78
325.36
315.62
354.38
303.77

296.72
276.19
257.94
300.68
291.58
281.86
323.33
322.00
362.91
306.75

300.49
280.50
262.76
301.85
291.33
288.28
331.35
315.61
360.08
318.00

294.45

Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown

32
321
322

9.93
14.06
10.90

10.00
14.27
10.94

10.15
14.40
11.17

10.14
14.45
11.09

10.26

412.10
625.67
454.53

425.00
643.58
457.29

425.29
655.20
478.08

428.92
654.59
473.54

432.97

Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores

10
101
102

13.38
13.91
12.73

13.54
13.94
13.02

12.81
14.21
11.33

Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining

11,12
12

15.17
15.22

15.25
15.30

Oil and gas extraction
13
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2
Oil and gas field services
138

11.56
13.75
10.32

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

14
142

Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products

12.54

470.25

See footnotes at end of table.




85

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly hours
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products ...
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products

3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

42.0
41.3
41.6
41.4
41.5
40.3
41.5
43.3
42.5
39.0
41.7
39.9
43.5

41.9
41.6
41.1
40.9
41.7
39.9
44.2
45.5
43.6
43.3
41.8
40.9
43.6

44.4
40.9
42.0
42.1
41.7
40.2
42.1
43.0
42.8
40.4
41.4
40.8
44.2

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

42.1
41.8
41.5
43.3
41.4
41.5
40.5
40.8
41.8
41.9
43.2
43.0
44.1
42.6
42.0
42.4

41.6
41.2
41.1
41.0
40.7
40.7
40.5
40.4
41.5
41.6
42.8
42.3
43.8
42.3
41.3
41.8

42.7
42.3
42.2
42.8
42.9
42.7
42.2
41.7
43.1
43.9
43.5
43.1
44.5
43.2
41.8
42.2

42.8
42.4
42.2
43.2
42.7
42.8
41.5
41.8
43.5
44.4
43.6
43.3
44.1
43.3
42.2
42.5

Fabricated metal products
34
Metal cans and shipping containers
341
Metal cans
3411
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
342
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5
Hardware, nee
3429
Plumbing and heating, except electric
343
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3432
Heating equipment, except electric
3433
Fabricated structural metal products
344
Fabricated structural metal
3441
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3442
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3443
Sheet metal work
3444
Architectural metal work
3446
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
345
Screw machine products
3451
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
3452
Metal forgings and stampings
346
Iron and steel forgings
3462
Automotive stampings
3465
Metal stampings, nee
3469
Metal services, nee
347
Plating and polishing
3471
Metal coating and allied services
3479
Ordnance and accessories, nee
348
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
3483
Misc. fabricated metal products
349
Valves and pipe fittings
3494
Misc. fabricated wire products
3496

41.4
43.4
43.6
41.3
40.6
41.4
40.0
41.5
38.3
40.3
41.0
39.4
41.3
39.6
40.2
43.0
41.7
44.3
43.1
42.2
44.9
41.2
40.8
40.5
41.5
41.6
40.4
40.6
40.1
40.8

41.0
43.2
43.4
40.6
39.5
40.9
39.5
40.7
37.7
40.3
41.0
40.1
41.1
39.7
39.2
42.6
41.5
43.6
42.2
41.4
43.4
40.9
40.5
39.8
41.8
40.6
39.1
40.4
39.8
40.8

41.3
42.8
42.6
41.4
41.5
41.2
40.3
41.3
38.7
40.1
41.3
38.3
42.0
39.8
39.3
42.8
41.3
44.2
43.2
42.0
45.0
41.3
40.6
40.4
41.0
41.0
40.2
41.0
40.9
40.8

Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets ....
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment

41.8
42.5
40.3
43.3
41.6
41.4

41.5
42.6
41.0
43.2
41.3
41.4

42.1
42.6
40.0
43.5
42.1
42.3

Apr.
1987P

43.9
41.3
41.7
42.1
42.2
40.1
42.6
44.3
43.2
41.0
42.3
41.9
43.6

Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ....
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating ..
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

Average overtime hours

See footnotes at end of table.

86



35
351
3511
3519
352
3523

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

5.8
3.4
3.1
3.7
3.7
2.9
5.6
6.7
5.5
4.9
3.9
2.3
4.8

5.7
3.4
2.9
3.4
3.9
2.8
6.8
7.8
6.0
6.7
4.0
2.8
4.6

5.3
3.3
4.0
3.9
3.9
2.8
5.4
6.2
5.4
4.8
4.6
3.2
5.9

5.4
3.5
3.8
3.4
4.2
2.7
5.9
7.0
5.7
5.3
4.6
3.7
5.4

42.5
42.7

4.2
3.6
3.5
4.3
4.0
4.6
3.1
2.9
3.4
3.4
5.5
5.3
7.1
4.9
3.8
4.2

3.9
3.5
3.4
3.2
3.7
4.2
2.6
2.7
3.3
3.4
5.3
4.0
7.3
4.9
3.1
3.5

4.6
4.4
4.5
4.3
4.8
5.4
3.1
3.6
4.3
4.4
5.3
5.6
6.9
4.9
3.7
4.0

4.7
4.4
4.3
4.9
4.8
5.3
4.1
3.7
4.4
4.5
5.4
5.9
6.6
4.9
4.0
4.2

41.4
43.2
43.2
41.2
40.9
41.3
40.5
40.9
39.3
40.7
42.0
39.1
42.6
40.3
39.6
42.9
41.4
44.5
42.7
42.5
43.9
41.2
40.8
40.4
41.5
40.6
39.4
41.0
41.0
40.8

40.7

3.5
5.0
5.1
2.8
2.0
3.2
2.2
2.9
1.1
2.8
3.1
2.4
3.1
2.5
3.5
4.8
3.8
5.8
4.9
3.6
6.3
3.6
3.6
3.3
4.3
2.8
2.1
2.8
2.9
2.8

3.2
5.1
5.1
2.5
1.7
2.9
2.0
2.6
1.0
2.9
3.1
3.0
2.8
2.5
3.2
4.4
3.4
5.3
4.2
2.9
5.4
3.3
3.4
3.0
4.2
2.5
2.0
2.6
2.4
2.6

3.5
5.2
5.2
3.2
3.0
3.4
2.6
2.6
1.9
2.7
2.9
2.2
3.9
2.5
2.7
4.6
3.5
5.8
5.1
3.7
6.5
3.8
3.2
3.0
3.5
2.9
2.4
3.1
2.9
3.2

3.7
5.3
5.2
3.1
2.7
3.4
2.6
2.4
2.0
3.2
3.6
2.4
4.3
2.8
3.1
5.0
3.7
6.2
4.8
3.8
5.9
3.8
3.2
3.1
3.4
2.9
2.2
3.2
3.0
3.1

42.2
42.8
39.5
44.0
42.2
42.2

41.6

3.5
4.6
3.7
4.9
3.1
2.9

3.2
3.9
4.0
3.8
2.9
2.9

3.7
5.8
3.7
6.6
3.7
4.1

3.8
5.7
3.7
6.4
4.0
4.3

Apr.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries

1972
SIC
Code

3221
3229
323
324 '
325
326
327

3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292

33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361

Fabricated metal products
34
Metal cans and shipping containers
341
Metal cans
3411
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
342
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5
Hardware, nee
3429
Plumbing and heating, except electric
343
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3432
Heating equipment, except electric
3433
Fabricated structural metal products
344
Fabricated structural metal
3441
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3442
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3443
Sheet metal work
3444
Architectural metal work
3446
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
345
Screw machine products
3451
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
3452
Metal forgings and stampings
346
Iron and steel forgings
3462
Automotive stampings
3465
Metal stampings, nee
3469
Metal services, nee
347
Plating and polishing
3471
Metal coating and allied services
3479
Ordnance and accessories, nee
348
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
3483
Misc. fabricated metal products
349
Valves and pipe fittings
3494
Misc. fabricated wire products
3496
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment

35
351
3511
3519
352
3523

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

$11.30
10.41

$11.31

$11.59 $11.46
10.64 10.62

10.48

8.89

8.82

13.29
8.15
8.63
9.53
8.45
8.54

13.27

10.47
10.11
9.64

8.17
8.63

9.74
8.64
8.57
10.73
10.18

9.76

8.89
13.52
8.44
8.89

9.76
8.77
8.69
10.64
10.43

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

10.44
9.75
10.24

10.14

10.09

11.99
13.80
14.52
10.75
10.76
11.26
11.35
9.85
13.93
14.47
11.27
10.32
14.28
10.76
9.50
9.80

12.00
13.82
14.52
10.78
10.66
11.14
11.33
9.80
13.87
14.43
11.34
10.13
14.43
10.89
9.47
9.76

11.88
13.71
14.41
10.93
10.78
11.26
11.58
10.10
12.95
13.39
11.27
10.50
13.79
11.11
9.60
9.87

11.93
13.78
14.46
11.05
10.80
11.28
11.81
10.08
12.90
13.32
11.29
10.53
13.74
11.19
9.57
9.89

9.88

9.84
13.36

9.98
13.19

14.18
9.81
8.88

14.15
9.78
8.89

13.99
9.87
9.01

9.97
13.10
13.87
9.85
8.91

10.30

10.24

10.33

10.34

8.86
8.56
8.69

8.81
8.56
8.65
9.14

9.13
8.71

9.10
8.65

9.11
9.16
9.56
7.79

9.04
9.20

13.39

9.11
9.43
7.61
10.11
9.49
8.59
9.35
8.74
9.93
11.90
12.45
13.88
8.95
7.87
7.74
8.13

10.66

9.53
7.58
10.14
9.57
8.64

9.34
8.74

9.91
11.78
12.15
13.75
8.97
7.79
7.72
7.92

9.80
8.06

10.62
10.17
9.01
9.76
8.10

10.58
13.09
12.79
13.20
10.02
10.97

10.55
12.94
12.90
12.96
10.08
11.07

10.19
9.01

10.23
9.40
8.35
9.64
8.96
10.28
11.98
12.44

13.97
9.17
7.88
7.84
7.97
10.88

510.60
584.27
610.21
477.36
461.16
482.78
490.12
421.34
561.15
591.41
492.24
455.95
605.93
484.53
403.85
420.33

$514.68
602.07

9.96 409.03

403.44
577.15
614.11
397.07
351.16
418.82
348.00
348.39
326.11
368.34
390.73
303.96
416.75
379.93
338.69
397.88
362.71
432.08
497.12
503.01
596.75
366.87
315.50
307.26
331.06
431.17
397.65
364.00
388.45
330.48

412.17
564.53
595.97
408.62
373.92
425.60
367.94
359.72
352.56
367.32
394.83
298.36
429.66
374.12
328.16
412.59
370.05
454.38
517.54
522.48
628.65
378.72
319.93
316.74
326.77
446.08
420.09
381.30
404.50
340.68

412.76
565.92
599.18
405.82
364.42
427.04
368.55
353.79
355.27
374.44
402.36
305.37
437.08
382.85
332.24
416.13
372.19
461.47
511.97
532.53
612.84
380.69
323.14
318.76
331.17
438.89
409.37
380.48
404.67
343.54

405.37

581.13
618.25
405.15
360.53
426.42
354.40
355.24
332.83
367.13
386.63
299.83
417.54
375.80
345.32
402.05
364.46
439.90
512.89
525.39
623.21
368.74
321.10
313.47
337.40
443.46
411.68
365.81
392.98
328.85
442.24
556.33
515.44
571.56
416.83
454.16

437.83
551.24
528.90
559.87
416.30
458.30

448.37
571.27
507.60
593.78
406.69
443.30

450.70
577.80
500.07
605.88
411.87
445.63

443.04

10.39
9.87
8.42
10.68
13.50
12.66
13.77
9.76
10.56

Apr.
1987P

507.28
579.93
608.10
467.80
462.46
480.80
488.68
421.17
558.15
587.82
490.25
452.55
613.66
479.95
401.28
416.51

7.89
7.98
10.81

10.65
13.41
12.69
13.65
9.66
10.48

Mar.
1987P

499.20
569.38
596.77
441.98
433.86
453.40
458.87
395.92
575.61
600.29
485.35
428.50
632.03
460.65
391.11
407.97

8.99
10.37
11.99
12.53
13.96
9.24
7.92

9.89
8.35

Feb.
1987

504.78
576.84
602.58
465.48
445.46
467.29
459.68
401.88
582.27
606.29
486.86
443.76
629.75
458.38
399.00
415.52

$12.11
14.10

9.58
7.81
10.26
9.50
8.39
9.70

10.45
9.30

Apr.
1986

$474.60 $473.89 $514.60 $503.09
429.93 435.97 435.18 438.61
369.82 362.50 373.38 372.38
550.21 542.74 569.19 557.83
340.69 351.95 357.43
338.23
347.79 344.34 357.38 353.28
395.50 430.51 410.90 417.48
365.89
393.12 377.11 391.61
362.95
373.65 371.93 376.27
408.33
464.61 429.86 437.88
421.59 425.52 431.80 441.61
384.64 399.18 395.35 408.53
441.09 439.92 457.91 446.46

8.93
13.25
8.47
8.81
9.80
8.84
8.71
10.68

9.69
10.36

Mar.
1986

9.28

10.65

See footnotes at end of table.




87

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment....
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment .
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

See footnotes at end of table.

88




1972
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599

41.6
42.9
41.0
40.6
42.0
39.7
42.7
42.9
42.5
43.8
41.0
40.3
41.8
41.7
41.8
40.7
41.7
41.9
42.9
41.5
41.1
42.2
41.3
42.3
42.1
41.0
41.4
41.2
42.2
41.1

41.5
43.1
40.8
40.7
41.4
39.5
42.8
42.9
42.4
43.8
41.2
39.4
41.5
41.6
41.4
40.5
41.2
40.6
42.4
41.7
39.9
42.6
40.8
41.4
41.5
40.6
40.9
40.9
41.8
40.8

41.8
43.0
41.3
41.3
42.1
39.7
42.4
42.1
41.9
43.3
41.3
41.1
41.8
42.1
43.3
40.3
41.8
42.1
42.9
42.1
39.8
43.6
41.8
43.5
43.6
41.4
41.8
41.7
42.6
41.5

41.1
41.3
42.8
40.0
41.0
41.5
39.9
40.1
40.3
40.2
39.7
40.4
39.6
40.8
40.2
39.3
41.7
41.8
41.6
41.3
41.7
41.2
44.1
40.7
41.4
40.6
39.8
41.8

40.8
40.7
41.8
39.6
40.7
41.1
39.8
40.2
40.5
41.0
40.0
40.2
40.7
40.6
39.8
38.6
40.8
41.4
41.4
41.2
41.5
40.9
43.1
41.2
40.6
40.0
40.1
40.5

40.9
40.2
40.8
39.7
40.8
41.3
39.0
40.2
40.3
42.3
40.3
40.3
39.6
40.6
42.0
38.7
40.3
40.8
41.8
41.2
42.0
40.9
43.6
40.7
41.0
41.4 i
41.0
42.3

41.0
40.1
40.5
39.8
41.1
41.3
39.9
40.1
41.6
40.8
39.3
40.3
39.0
40.7
41.4
39.3
40.4
41.2
42.0
41.9
42.0
40.9
42.7
40.8
41.1
41.2
40.7
41.9

3,62
£621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

2.7
2.4
2.8
2.2
4.0
2.9
4.9
4.1
4.7
6.1
3.7
2.2
3.7
2.9
3.6
3.8
3.1
2.6
4.6
2.6
2.3
3.3
3.9
2.8
2.6
2.7
3.1
3.8
4.6
3.6

42.0
43.2
41.1
41.3
43.1
40.0
42.5
42.1
41.2
43.4
41.1
41.7
42.1
42.4
43.8
40.7
42.3
42.6
43.4
42.7
40.9
43.5
41.8
43.4
43.5
41.0
41.2
41.7
42.4
41.6

36
361
3612
3613

Apr.
1987P

40.3

2.4
2.3
2.5
2.4
2.9
2.3
4.8
4.2
4.7
6.0
3.6
1.9
3.2
2.6
2.9
3.3
2.8
1.8
4.3
2.7
2.1
3.4
3.4
2.2
2.1
2.6
3.0
3.5
4.3
3.4

3.1
2.5
3.5
4.7
3.5
2.1
4.5
3.8
4.1
5.4
3.4
2.9
3.5
3.4
4.5
3.4
3.4
3.2
4.7
3.1
2.2
4.0
3.9
3.1
3.1
3.4
3.5
3.9
4.2
3.9

3.5
2.9
3.5
5.3
4.4
2.7
4.6
3.8
4.3
5.6
3.4
2.8
4.0
3.4
4.8
4.3
3.6
3.4
4.9
3.4
2.2
4.3
3.8
3.3
3.4
2.6
2.5
4.0
3.9
4.0

2.8
2.7
2.9
2.4
2.9
3.3
2.4
2.5
3.6
1.6
1.6
2.7
2.7
2.5
2.2
1.8
3.8
3.6
2.6
1.8
2.9
3.0
3.3
3.2
3.0
3.0
1.7
4.3

2.6
2.5
2.6
2.4
2.5
2.9
1.9
2.8
3.8
2.6
1.8
2.5
2.9
2.5
1.6
1.2
3.0
2.9
2.5
1.8
2.7
2.8
2.2
3.1
2.7
2.6
1.6
3.6

2.8
2.4
2.2
2.5
2.9
3.5
1.3
2.7
2.7
3.3
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.7
2.7
1.6
2.0
1.9
2.6
2.0
2.8
3.0
3.5
3.3
3.0
3.5
2.2
4.6

2.8
2.4
2.2
2.6
3.1
3.6
2.0
2.3
2.6
1.6
2.3
2.8
2.7
2.8
2.8
1.7
1.7
1.7
2.6
1.9
2.8
3.0
3.0
3.4
3.1
3.2
1.9
4.4

Apr.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves ...
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ...
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories ...
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies ....
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment

1972
SIC
Code

353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545

3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356

3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599
36
361
3612
3613
362

3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Apr.
1987P

Feb.
1987

$11.15 $11.15 $11.15 $11.17
12.26 12.31 12.36 12.36
11.54
11.50
11.36
11.43
11.42
11.34
11.30
11.24
10.03
9.87
9.84
10.25
9.74
9.82
9.70
9.59
11.09
11.12
10.97
10.96
11.12
11.13
10.83
10.91
11.30
11.42
11.50
11.48
11.67 11.69 11.78 11.81
9.99
9.98
9.81
9.86
8.56
8.59
8.63
8.43
10.44 10.39 10.48 10.60
10.61 10.54 10.61 10.69
8.69
8.63
8.29
8.31
11.37
11.20
10.88
10.98
10.26 10.24 10.35 10.36
11.07
11.04
10.82
10.86
11.02
10.89
10.76
10.79
9.97 10.05 10.35 10.18
9.15
9.25
9.07
9.11
10.60 10.57 10.17 10.14
10.60
10.61
10.25
10.31
10.15
10.11
9.86
9.91
10.09
10.08
9.82
9.89
10.31
10.41
10.19
10.29
10.49
10.65
10.48
10.61
10.32
10.27
10.21
10.21
12.83 12.72 12.60 12.49
9.97
9.90
9.81
9.79

$463.84
525.95
468.63
456.34
430.50
385.09
468.42
468.04
487.90
511.15
404.26
344.97
436.39
442.44
347.36
446.89
427.84
455.03
462.89
413.76
374.42
447.32
425.80
419.19
416.37
421.89
439.25
420.65
541.43
402.37

$462.73
530.56
463.49
459.91
415.24
378.81
469.09
464.61
487.60
512.02
404.17
332.14
431.19
438.46
343.21
440.64
421.89
439.29
456.22
419.09
361.89
450.28
418.20
408.20
407.53
413.71
428.63
417.59
531.70
400.25

$466.07
531.48
474.95
468.34
415.53
386.68
470.22
468.15
473.47
510.07
412.17
354.69
438.06
446.68
373.68
451.36
432.63
464.78
467.18
435.74
368.15
443.41
443.50
439.79
439.49
430.97
445.17
428.26
536.76
410.85

9.86

9.85

9.17
9.11

9.11

9.24
9.63
9.64
9.29
9.68

9.20
9.67

10.97
11.56
7.32
9.08
10.07
8.60
9.41
6.67
9.51
9.89
11.63
11.09
11.81

10.99
11.45
7.43
9.05

$9.87 395.38
368.40
376.64
360.80
397.29
400.06
375.86
382.15
436.45
447.43
287.43
355.12
389.66
337.82
367.83
254.66
401.57
420.09
468.83
449.76
475.38
353.08
474.52
407.41
325.82
425.49
427.45
470.25

392.50
361.82
365.33
357.19
393.98
394.97
375.71
388.73
438.21
461.25
296.80
353.76
400.49
336.57
367.35
250.13
394.54
415.66
464.92
448.67
471.03
348.88
456.86
406.64
319.52
419.20
435.09
455.63

403.27
368.63
371.69
366.83
392.90
398.13
362.31
389.14
442.09
488.99
295.00
365.92
398.77
349.16
395.22
258.13
383.25
403.51
486.13
456.91
496.02
365.24
473.06
433.05
333.33
433.04
447.72
467.42

403.85
365.31
365.31
366.16
397.44
399.37
375.06
388.97
457.18
467.16
292.00
364.72
390.39
349.61
387.50
257.42
380.57
405.00
490.14
465.09
498.12
365.65
470.55
433.30
333.73
429.30
434.68
466.77

8.92
8.80
9.02

9.62
8.89
8.74
9.02

9.69
9.64

9.68
9.61

9.42

9.44
9.67

9.62

9.84
8.29

366

8.28
9.15
6.48
9.63
10.05
11.27

3661

10.89

3662
367

11.40
8.57
10.76
10.01
7.87
10.48
10.74

11.25

9.23
6.48
9.67
10.04
11.23
10.89
11.35
8.53
10.60
9.87
7.87
10.48
10.85
11.25

9.02
9.67
9.40

9.70

10.01
8.59
9.36

6.55
9.42

9.83
11.67
11.10
11.86

8.93

8.94

10.85
10.64
8.13
10.46
10.92
11.05

11.02
10.62
8.12
10.42
10.68
11.14

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

$469.14
533.95
474.29
471.65
424.10
392.80
472.60
468.57
470.50
512.55
410.59
358.20
446.26
453.26
380.62
462.76
438.23
471.58
478.27
434.69
374.24
441.09
443.08
440.51
438.92
422.71
432.19
430.34
529.58
414.75

9.84

3679
369
3691
3694

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1986

10.82
11.25
7.42
8.80

3671-3
3674

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1986

9.53
10.83
11.13
7.24
8.79

3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

$397.76

See footnotes at end of table.




89

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts .
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers

1972
SIC
Code

37
371
3711
3713

3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373

3731
3732
374
376
3761

379
3792

Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments ...
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies ...
Watches, clocks, and watchcases

38
381

Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays

39

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ....
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
See footnotes at end of table.

90



382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

391

3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
20
201
2011

2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204

2041
2048
205
2051
2052

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

42.8
43.4
43.6
40.8
43.8
39.6
43.0
42.2
42.6
44.5
40.3
40.5
39.7
40.2
42.5
43.0
41.0
38.4

42.3
42.4
41.9
41.0
43.3
39.9
42.9
42.3
42.5
44.0
40.9
41.2
40.3
39.7
42.0
42.3
41.2
39.2

42.4
43.0
42.7
42.4
43.5
40.2
42.8
42.2
43.3
43.3
39.9
39.7
40.4
40.2
42.3
42.5
40.7
38.5

42.7
43.3
43.4
42.7
43.5
40.5
42.5
42.1
42.6
43.2
40.9
40.7
41.3
40.2
42.3
42.8
40.9
39.5

42.1
42.7

4.6
5.0
5.2
3.4
5.3
2.0
4.8
4.1
4.9
5.6
3.1
3.4
2.4
2.0
4.2
4.6
3.4
2.3

4.3
4.4
4.1
3.8
4.9
2.0
4.6
4.2
4.7
5.1
3.6
3.9
2.9
1.7
4.2
4.5
4.0
2.5

4.4
4.7
4.7
4.8
4.9
1.8
4.8
4.2
5.3
5.3
2.6
2.4
3.1
1.8
4.2
4.2
3.8
1.9

4.5
4.8
5.1
4.2
4.9
2.1
4.6
4.2
4.7
5.3
3.2
3.0
3.6
1.9
4.3
4.3
3.9
2.8

41.4
42.6
41.4
40.6
41.7
41.7
41.9
41.3
41.6
41.1
39.3
42.1
39.7

41.0
42.2
40.5
39.4
41.2
40.4
41.8
40.7
41.2
40.3
39.9
42.5
39.4

41.3
41.5
41.4
41.1
42.2
40.7
42.1
40.4
41.1
39.6
39.9
43.6
39.0

41.4
41.7
41.6
40.5
43.2
41.0
41.8
41.0
42.0
40.1
40.3
42.7
39.8

40.5

2.8
3.5
2.5
2.6
3.1
2.3
3.2
3.0
3.1
3.0
2.0
3.1
1.9

2.5
3.2
2.1
1.5
2.7
2.1
3.3
2.7
2.9
2.5
2.2
3.1
1.0

2.8
3.1
2.6
3.5
2.8
2.1
3.6
2.7
2.9
2.5
2.6
3.6
1.0

2.9
3.0
2.7
3.1
3.6
2.2
3.3
3.0
3.2
2.9
2.9
3.4
1.2

39.9
38.6
37.6
40.3
40.3
39.3
41.1
39.9
40.2
40.0
39.9
40.3

39.7
39.0
37.9
40.6
39.9
38.9
40.6
39.8
39.2
38.7
39.7
39.9

39.3
37.9
36.1
41.5
39.5
39.2
39.8
39.8
37.6
36.7
39.8
39.5

39.3
38.8
37.2
41.6
39.3
38.6
39.7
40.1
36.9
35.7
39.9
39.5

38.8

2.4
2.0
1.6
2.9
2.5
2.0
2.8
1.7
2.6
2.3
2.5
2.6

2.2
2.2
1.8
2.9
2.1
1.7
2.5
1.9
2.1
1.9
2.4
2.3

2.4
1.5
1.1
3.5
2.3
2.0
2.4
1.9
3.3
3.9
2.5
2.4

2.3
2.0
1.4
3.4
2.1
2.0
2.2
2.3
2.8
3.1
2.4
2.2

39.7
39.4
38.2
39.4
39.7
36.8
41.1
39.3
42.1
38.7
37.8
38.9
37.4
42.9
43.5
42.5
39.4
38.7
41.2

39.6
39.6
39.0
41.1
39.3
37.2
41.1
39.3
42.1
38.5
38.8
39.2
36.1
42.8
44.7
42.1
39.5
39.1
40.5

39.9
39.4
37.9
39.8
38.9
36.0
41.0
38.8
42.5
38.8
39.3
38.7
38.0
43.4
47.5
42.0
39.3
38.3
41.8

40.0
39.5
38.1
41.1
39.1
35.5
40.8
38.9
42.0
39.0
38.7
38.5
38.6
43.5
46.1
42.0
39.5
38.2
42.6

39.4
39.3

3.1
3.3
2.7
2.9
3.1
2.5
4.0
3.4
4.6
2.6
3.5
2.8
2.0
5.0
3.9
5.1
3.3
3.4
2.8

3.1
3.4
3.1
4.0
3.0
2.5
4.2
3.6
4.9
2.4
3.2
2.7
2.1
4.8
4.6
4.7
3.4
3.7
2.6

3.3
3.4
2.8
3.5
2.8
2.5
4.1
3.7
4.6
3.0
3.6
2.6
3.3
5.6
6.8
5.1
3.4
3.5
3.3

. 3.4
3.4
2.8
4.1
3.1
2.0
4.0
3.6
4.4
2.9
2.6
2.7
3.0
5.5
6.5
5.2
3.6
3.4
4.3

Apr.
1987P

3.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies

Watches, clocks, and watchcases
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers

1972
SIC
Code

37
371

3711
3713
3714
3715
372

3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761

379
3792
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387

39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
20
201

2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1987P

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

$12.90 $12.83 $12.94 $12.91 $12.86 $552.12
13.66 13.54 13.59 13.58 13.50 592.84
658.80
15.11 14.99 15.13 15.18
10.88 10.89 1 1.64 11.42
443.90
13.03 12.93 12.86 12.86
570.71
9.53
377.39
9.32
9.47
9.33
12.82 12.80 13.02 13.04
551.26
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
550.82
$12.93 $12.92 $13.14 $13.10
525.55
11.81 11.76 11.93 11.94
425.17
10.55 10.59 10.49 10.41
464.94
11.48 11.61 11.57 11.49
321.57
8.02
8.01
8.10
8.02
508.13
12.64 12.64 12.40 12.37
514.25
12.10 12.12 12.34 12.28
533.63
12.41 12.47 12.66 12.59
421.48
10.28 10.51 10.75 10.70
334.85
9.36
8.81
8.72
9.30

$542.71
574.10
628.08
446.49
559.87
377.85
549.12

$548.66
584.37
646.05
493.54
559.41
375.07
557.26

$551.26 $541.41
588.01 576.45
658.81
487.63
559.41
377.46
554.20

549.10
517.44
433.13
478.33
322.80
501.81
509.04
527.48
433.01
345.35

568.96
516.57
418.55
459.33
324.01
498.48
521.98
538.05
437.53
358.05

558.06
515.81
425.77
467.64
331.23
497.27
519.44
538.85
437.63
369.72

9.58 389.57
431.54
380.05
355.66
395.32
385.73
433.67
346.92
355.68
340.31
284.53
523.72
275.92

385.81
426.64
370.98
342.39
384.40
372.49
438.48
341.47
353.08
332.88
288.08
530.83
275.01

398.55
438.66
394.54
360.86
402.59
398.86
453.00
348.25
356.34
338.98
287.68
559.39
279.24

397.85
439.52
396.86
357.62
414.29
401.39
445.17
355.06
367.92
343.66
293.79
535.46
282.58

387.99

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

9.41
10.13
9.18
8.76
9.48
9.25
10.35
8.40
8.55
8.28
7.24
12.44
6.95

9.41
10.11
9.16
8.69
9.33
9.22
10.49
8.39
8.57
8.26
7.22
12.49
6.98

7.51
8.09
8.11
7.16
6.90
6.90
6.89
7.74
6.07
5.50
8.19
8.53
8.88
8.74
7.26
8.13
8.80
5.89
9.40
8.76
9.78
8.11
9.90
8.13
7.54
10.56
10.00
8.03
9.78
9.71
9.94

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1987P

9.54
9.80

9.61
10.54
9.54
8.83
9.59
9.79

10.76
8.62
8.67
8.56

10.65
8.66
8.76
8.57

7.21
12.83
7.16

7.29
12.54

7.50
8.00
8.05
7.14
6.91
6.90
6.92
7.71
6.06
5.46
8.20
8.49

7.68
8.22
8.37
7.40
7.03
6.99
7.05
7.80
6.22
5.58
8.49
8.88

7.66
8.21
8.31
7.46
7.04
7.01
7.06
7.85
6.16
5.53
8.44
8.82

7.67 299.65

297.75
312.00
305.10
289.88
275.71
268.41
280.95
306.86
237.55
211.30
325.54
338.75

301.82
311.54
302.16
307.10
277.69
274.01
280.59
310.44
233.87
204.79
337.90
350.76

301.04
318.55
309.13
310.34
276.67
270.59
280.28
314.79
227.30
197.42
336.76
348.39

297.60

312.27
304.94
288.55
278.07
271.17
283.18
308.83
244.01
220.00
326.78
343.76

8.88
8.75
7.29
8.19
8.81
5.89
9.43
8.79
9.85
8.12
9.89
8.05
7.59
10.59
10.04
7.97
9.81
9.73
10.01

9.06
8.91
7.35
8.34
8.60
6.07
9.58
8.89
9.91
8.42
10.81
8.30
7.70

9.08
8.94
7.43
8.45
8.70
6.08
9.56
8.84
9.91
8.38
10.40
8.37
7.70
10.76
10.62
8.34
9.92
9.81
10.16

9.14 352.54
8.98 344.36
277.33
320.32
349.36
216.75
386.34
344.27
411.74
313.86
374.22
316.26
282.00
453.02
435.00
341.28
385.33
375.78
409.53

351.65
346.50
284.31
336.61
346.23
219.11
387.57
345.45
414.69
312.62
383.73
315.56
274.00
453.25
448.79
335.54
387.50
380.44
405.41

361.49
351.05
278.57
331.93
334.54
218.52
392.78
344.93
421.18
326.70
424.83
321.21
292.60
467.85
498.75
346.92
390.25
376.87
423.02

363.20
353.13
283.08
347.30
340.17
215.84
390.05
343.88
416.22
326.82
402.48
322.25
297.22
468.06
489.58
350.28
391.84
374.74
432.82

360.12
352.91

9.65
10.57
9.53
8.78

10.78

10.50
8.26
9.93
9.84
10.12

7.10

See footnotes at end of table.




91

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

2.9
4.7
2.1
4.5
3.6
4.7
3.3
3.8

36.7

1.3
1.2

1.0
.6

.8
.8

1.8
2.0

42.1
43.5
42.3
42.2
41.4
40.3
40.7
40.2
38.3
40.7
43.8
42.9
42.6
42.8
42.7
42.8
43.9
38.0
43.6

40.8

3.7
4.3
3.1
4.0
3.0
3.0
3.1
2.5
2.5
2.1
5.2
4.7
5.2
4.2
3.5
4.3
4.7
3.0
4.3

3.7
4.8
3.1
3.3
2.7
2.9
2.8
2.0
2.5
2.0
5.2
4.3
4.5
4.1
3.3
4.4
4.9
2.7
4.1

4.4
5.9
4.5
2.7
3.4
3.4
3.6
2.7
2.9
3.1
5.2
4.1
3.9
4.3
4.8
5.0
5.6
3.3
4.8

4.6
6.2
4.5
2.7
3.9
3.5
3.4
3.0
3.0
3.4
5.5
5.0
4.8
5.0
4.2
5.1
5.7
3.1
4.9

37.2
36.1
37.2
37.6
36.7
36.9
36.3
36.1
35.4
34.4
37.3
36.7
37.1
35.0
37.1
36.9
38.2
39.3
38.5
38.6
41.9

37.1
35.7
36.9
37.5
36.8
36.1
36.2
35.6
35.9
34.7
36.9
36.5
36.8
35.3
36.7
35.4
38.6
39.7
39.4
39.1
42.2

35.7

1.5
.9
1.3
1.6
.8
1.1
1.5
1.3
1.3
1.1
1.9
1.1
1.0
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.0
2.5
.9
1.9
4.9

1.4
.7
1.2
1.5
.7
1.1
1.4
1.0
1.2
1.0
1.7
1.2
1.1
1.9
1,6
1.4
1.0
2.4
1.1
1.7
5.1

1.8
1.0
1.5
1.7
1.2
1.4
1.9
1.5
1.5
1.2
2.3
1.1
1.2
.8
1.6
1.8
1.8
3.0
1.7
2.4
6.0

1.8
1.0
1.4
1.6
1.0
1.4
1.9
1.4
1.8
1.2
2.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.6
1.5
2.1
3.1
1.8
2.6
6.0

43.1
45.1
45.2
44.2
42.2
44.3
41.6
41.9
41.8
41.7
42.4
41.6

42.9
45.1
45.2
43.7
42.0
44.0
41.4
41.7
41.7
42.1
42.1
41.6

42.4

4.6
6.3
6.4
6.6
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.5
4.0
4.4
4.1
3.9

4.6
6.4
6.5
6.8
3.1
3.2
2.9
3.4
3.9
3.8
3.9
4.7

4.7
6.1
6.3
7.3
3.6
4.0
3.0
37
3.9
3.9
4.1
4.1

4.7
6.2
6.4
7.0
3.6
4.1
3.0
3.7
3.9
4.1
4.1
4.0

40.4
42.1
39.4
41.4
39.8
42.4
39.2
38.7

40.2
42.8
39.0
41.4
40.3
42.5
40.1
38.7

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes

21
211

37.5
37.3

36.6
35.7

36.5
36.9

38.4
38.8

Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

40.6
40.5
40.0
41.7
41.2
39.4
39.1
38.5
38.1
38.7
42.3
41.9
42.8
40.5
40.9
41.5
42.2
38.0
42.9

40.6
41.1
40.3
40.8
40.9
39.2
38.8
37.5
37.9
39.4
42.0
41.4
42.1
40.3
40.4
41.8
42.6
38.3
42.2

41.8
42.9
42.0
42.8
40.9
39.9
40.2
38.8
38.3
40.4
43.3
42.0
41.3
42.1
43.6
42.4
43.6
37.6
43.8

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233

36.5
35.2
37.2
37.7
36.0
36.2
35.1
34.3
34.7
34.2
35.7
36.8
37.1
35.7
36.4
35.0
37.1
38.9
36.5
37.5
41.7

36.4
35.0
37.1
37.7
35.6
36.3
34.8
34.4
34.3
34.2
35.4
36.5
36.6
36.1
36.9
35.6
36.6
38.6
37.0
37.3
41.0

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653

43.3
45.2
45.2
44.8
42.1
43.4
42.4
41.3
42.5
43.2
43.0
41.8

42.9
45.0
45.1
44.4
41.5
42.9
41.8
40.9
42.2
42.2
42.5
42.6

See footnotes at end of table.

92



2391

2392
2396

2654

Mar.
1987P

3.3
5.9
2.2
4.6
3.2
4.7
2.6
3.6

39.5
40.8
38.7
41.9
40.9
42.4
40.8
37.8

239

Feb.
1987

2.4
3.4
1.9
4.6
4.2
5.9
4.1
3.4

39.6
41.3
38.8
43.1
40.6
42.7
39.6
38.1

2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238

Apr.
1986

2.5
4.2
1.9
5.0
3.6
5.4
3.3
3.6

206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

2331
2335
2337

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products

1972
SIC
Code

Mar.
1986

206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209

$8.92

Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes
Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods

Apr.
1986

10.87
7.73
8.74

$8.92
10.79
7.66
8.78

11.61
15.86
8.99
8.01

21
211

22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226

2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229

Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings

23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337

Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers

26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641

2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238

239
2391
2392
2396

2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.

1986

16.01
9.05
8.01

$8.95
10.49
7.61
8.94
11.86
16.35
9.27
8.25

$9.02
10.85
7.73
9.06
11.92
16.54
9.44
8.29

12.76
15.29

12.84
15.26

13.38
16.02

13.76 $14.12 478.50
570.32
16.21

6.86
7.10
7.30
7.27
6.52
6.34
6.32
6.02
6.24
5.89
6.91
7.21
7.21
7.65
7.04
6.44
6.43
6.46
7.80

6.87
7.17
7.30
7.23
6.51
6.36
6.24
5.99
6.32
5.92
6.93
7.24
7.21
7.67
7.07
6.44
6.45
6.42
7.82

7.13
7.43
7.66
7.60
6.72
6.51
6.36
6.11
6.48
6.21
7.15
7.34
7.38
7.66
7.58
6.68
6.69
6.68
8.20

7.14
7.44
7.62
7.59
6.71
6.52
6.34
6.13
6.53
6.25
7.10
7.39
7.45
7.70
7.62
6.71
6.71
6.72
8.23

7.18 278.52

5.80
6.67
5.38
5.16
5.31
5.46
5.55
5.12
5.83
6.39
5.34
5.35
5.19
6.06
5.19
5.00
5.63
7.10
5.55
5.91
11.13

5.81
6.69
5.40
5.15
5.30
5.51
5.56
5.10
5.82
6.52
5.32
5.41
5.24
6.17
5.19
4.99
5.61
7.11
5.53
5.93
11.19

5.88
6.71
5.42
5.22
5.32
5.51
5.62
5.08
6.00
6.31
5.44
5.51
5.35
6.31
5.17
5.01
5.71
7.23
5.73
6.07
11.13

11.03

11.05
13.42
13.52
13.90
9.52

11.18
13.57
13.64
14.03

13.39
13.48
13.86
9.48
10.84
8.56

9.02
9.51
9.85
9.74
9.06

11.62

10.87
8.61

9.07
9.46
9.81
9.70
9.20

9.71
10.80
9.06
8.97
9.60
9.93
9.79
9.35

$353.23
448.93
299.92
376.69
471.37
677.22
356.00
305.18

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987 P

$352.34 $361.58 $362.60
440.23 441.63 464.38
296.44 299.83 301.47
367.88 370.12 375.08
475.26 472.03 480.38
678.82 693.24 702.95
369.24 363.38 378.54
302.78 319.28 320.82
469.94
544.78

488.37
591.14

528.38
628.95

$518.20

278.92
294.69
294.19
294.98
266.26
249.31
242.11
224.63
239.53
233.25
291.06
299.74
303.54
309.10
285.63
269.19
274.77
245.89
330.00

298.03
318.75
321.72
325.28
274.85
259.75
255.67
237.07
248.18
250.88
309.60
308.28
304.79
322.49
330.49
283.23
291.68
251.17
359.16

300.59
323.64
322.33
320.30
277.79
262.76
258.04
246.43
250.10
254.38
310.98
317.03
317.37
329.56
325.37
287.19
294.57
255.36
358.83

292.94

287.55
292.00
303.16
268.62
249.80
247.11
231.77
237.74
227.94
292.29
302.10
308.59
309.83
287.94
267.26
271.35
245.48
334.62

5.90
6.74
5.42
5.22
5.29
5.54
5.66
5.07
6.08
6.42
5.46
5.47
5.29
6.31
5.21
5.01
5.69
7.19
5.70
6.04
11.05

5.92 211.70
234.78
200.14
194.53
191.16
197.65
194,81
175.62
202.30
218.54
190.64
196.88
192.55
216.34
188.92
175.00
208.87
276.19
202.58
221.63
464.12

211.48
234.15
200.34
194.16
188.68
200.01
193.49
175.44
199.63
222.98
188.33
197.47
191.78
222.74
191.51
177.64
205.33
274.45
204.61
221.19
458.79

218.74
242.23
201.62
196.27
195.24
203.32
204.01
183.39
212.40
217.06
202.91
202.22
198.49
220.85
191.81
184.87
218.12
284.14
220.61
234.30
466.35

218.89
240.62
200.00
195.75
194.67
199.99
204.89
180.49
218.27
222.77
201.47
199.66
194.67
222.74
191.21
177.35
219.63
285.44
224.58
236.16
466.31

211.34

11.18
13.63

11.30 477.60
605.23
609.30
620.93
399.11
470.46
362.94
372.53
404.18
425.52
418.82
378.71

474.05
603.90
609.75
617.16
395.08
466.32
359.90
370.96
399.21
413.98
412.25
391.92

481.86
612.01
616.53
620.13
409.76
478.44
376.90
375.84
401.28
414.08
415.10
388.96

479.62
614.71
619.24
613.11
407.40
471.68
375.50
374.88
399.90
421.00
411.32
386.46

479.12

13.70
14.03
9.70
10.72
9.07
8.99
9.59
10.00

9.77
9.29

See footnotes at end of table.




93

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

1972
SIC
Code

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services

,

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275

2751
2752
276
278
279

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

38.0
33.6
39.4
39.5
39.0
40.2
36.8
39.6
39.3
39.5
41.0
38.0
38.2

37.8

3.0
1.6
3.8
3.8
3.3
4.6
2.1
3.6
2.9
3.8
3.5
1.9
3.4

2.7
1.5
3.2
3.9
3.5
4.5
1.6
3.2
2.7
3.4
3.2
1.6
3.5

2.8
1.4
3.0
3.6
3.2
4.2
2.6
3.4
3.0
3.5
3.0
1.9
3.5

3.0
1.3
3.4
3.3
2.9
4.0
2.9
3.6
3.1
3.7
31
2.4
3.6

42.0
41.9
42.6
42.2
43.4
41.9
41.6
41.7
41.1
44.3
39.2
41.0
41.9
43.3
42.7
43.5
42.6
41.6

41.9
41.6
42.1
42.1
43.4
41.6
41.3
41.3
40.8
43.2
38.7
42.1
41.6
43.4
43.7
43.3
42.8
41.6

42.1
42.2
42.7
42.9
43.3
42.4
41.9
41.8
40.8
43.4
39.1
41.4
41.0
42.9
41.7
43.3
43.0
41.6

42.2
42.4
43.2
42.9
43.5
42.1
41.6
42.1
41.1
43.6
39.7
41.1
41.4
43.5
42.2
43.9
43.0
41.8

42.3

3.5
3.1
3.2
3.8
4.6
3.3
3.1
3.1
3.0
4.3
2.5
2.4
3.3
4.1
4.0
4.1
4.8
3.6

3.6
3.4
3.4
3.8
4.8
3.2
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.8
2.3
3.3
3.6
4.2
4.8
4.0
5.0
3.3

3.8
3.8
3.9
4.1
4.5
3.6
3.4
3.5
3.3
5.0
2.5
3.0
3.2
4.8
4.7
4.8
5,1
3.2

3.9
3.9
3.9
4.2
4.7
3.6
3.3
3.5
3.4
5.2
2.6
3.1
3.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
3.2

43.5
43.8
43.5

43.8
44.2
43.3

44.3
44.7
43.5

43.9

4.5
4.5
5.2

4.3
4.0
6.0

4.4
4.1
6.0

5.0
4.9
6.3

40.8

3.8
4.7
1.3

3.5
3.9
1.7

3.8
4.5
1.6

3.9
5.0
1.9

3.5
3.2
3.8

3.5
3.1
3.6

2.9
3.9
3.8

2.7
3.7
3.9

1.3
3.6

1.1
3.5
.7
.6
.7
2.5
.5

1.7
4.1
1.6
1.2
2.2
.5
1.4

1.8
4.6
1.5
1.4
1.7
.9
1.7

29
295

43.7
44.5
41.9

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

30
301
302

41.3
42.8
38.6

41.1
41.9
39.2

41.5
43.5
40.1

41.6
43.2
41.0

303,4
306
307

43.1
41.5
41.1

42.8
41.0
41.0

41.1
41.7
41.3

41.2
41.6
41.4

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods

31

36.3
40.8
35.1
35.5
33.8
39.1
37.3

36.3
40.8
35.2
35.2
34.9
39.6
36.4

37.2
41.7
36.8
37.3
36.7
37.9
36.5

37.5
41.8
36.8
37.7
35.9
38.4
37.1

36.3

39.4

39.0

39.1

39.1

38.8

4011

45.1

41.7

45.1

45.7

Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

41
411

413

34.0
38.5
39.0

34.2
38.7
39.0

33.2
37.8
39.4

33.1
37.8
36.8

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

37.9
37.9
37.6

37.9
38.0
37.4

38.2
38.2
38.4

38.2
38.2
38.2

Pipe lines, except natural gas

46

43.5

40.3

40.4

40.6

291

311
314
3143

3144
316
317

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

See footnotes at end of table.

94



Mar.
1987 P

37.8
33.2
39.2
39.3
38.6
40.6
36.0
39.4
39.1
39.4
40.6
37.7
38.2

Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials

2861,9
287
289

Feb.
1987

37.9
33.5
38.3
40.5
39.5
42.1
36.0
39.2
38.6
39.3
40.4
38.2
39.1

28
281

2841
2844
2842,3
285
286
2865

Apr.
1986

38.1
33.7
38.7
39.9
39.1
41.2
36.5
39.6
39.1
39.7
40.8
38.6
39.0

Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee .
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284

Mar.
1986

.9
.9
.8
2.0
1.1

Apr.
1987 P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress ..
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279

$9.90
9.97
10.65
8.64
7.93
9.69
8.82
10.25
9.78
10.44
10.25
7.75
11.85

$9.87 $10.16 $10.17 $10.18 $377.19
335.99
9.97
10.02
10.09
412.16
10.92
10.88
10.59
344.74
9.07
8.57
9.16
310.06
7.92
8.56
8.67
399.23
9.52
9.90
9.92
321.93
8.79
9.14
9.16
405.90
10.53
10.48
10.18
382.40
10.14
10.12
9.76
414.47
10.71
10.64
10.35
418.20
10.50
10.46
10.35
299.15
7.97
8.12
7.82
462.15
12.51
12.54
11.92

$374.07
334.00
405.60
347.09
312.84
400.79
316.44
399.06
376.74
406.76
418.14
298.72
466.07

$384.05
334.99
426.50
359.99
334.66
402.75
329.04
412.91
395.69
419.22
424.68
300.47
479.03

$386.46 $384.80
336.67
430.25
358.27
333.84
397.98
337.09
416.99
398.50
423.05
430.50
308.56
477.88

28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2844
2842,3
285
286
2865
.2861,9
287
289

11.78
12.97
13.05
11.98
13.00
11.68
10.97
10.68
10.53
13.68
8.83
9.74
10.34
14.09
13.82
14.18
11.07
11.09

11.82
12.99
13.06
12.03
13.12
11.72
11.02
10.74
10.59
13.65
8.89
9.98
10.34
14.13
13.95
14.19
10.92
11.12

12.20
13.42
13.43
12.31
13.35
11.88
11.40
11.09
10.90
14.08
9.32
10.06
10.82
14.60
14.71
14.57
11.64
11.34

12.23
13.45
13.49
12.29
13.36
11.79
11.50
11.10
10.94
14.22
9.33
10.10
10.83
14.66
14.56
14.69
11.58
11.30

12.32 494.76
543.44
555.93
505.56
564.20
489.39
456.35
445.36
432.78
606.02
346.14
399.34
433.25
610.10
590.11
616.83
471.58
461.34

495.26
540.38
549.83
506.46
569.41
487.55
455.13
443.56
432.07
589.68
344.04
420.16
430.14
613.24
609.62
614.43
467.38
462.59

513.62
566.32
573.46
528.10
578.06
503.71
477.66
463.56
444.72
611.07
364.41
416.48
443.62
626.34
613.41
630.88
500.52
471.74

516.11
570.28
582.77
527.24
581.16
496.36
478.40
467.31
449.63
619.99
370.40
415.11
448.36
637.71
614.43
644.89
497.94
472.34

521.14

Petroleum and coal products ...
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials .

29
291
295

14.22
15.34
10.41

14.16
15.35
10.65

14.35
15.47
10.85

14.38
15.48
11.06

14.33 621.41
682.63
436.18

615.96
672.33
463.28

628.53
683.77
469.81

637.03
691.96
481.11

629.09

Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products

30
301
302

8.72
13.55
5.96

8.68
13.47
6.04

8.82
13.80
5.97

8.83
13.84
5.90

8.81 360.14
579.94
230.06

356.75
564.39
236.77

366.03
600.30
239.40

367.33
597.89
241.90

359.45

303,4
306
307

8.46
8.47
8.12

8.48
8.54
8.08

8.91
8.63
8.21

9.02
8.60
8.23

364.63
351.51
333.73

362.94
350.14
331.28

366.20
359.87
339.07

371.62
357.76
340.72

Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .

31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317

5.86
7.52
5.57
5.95
5.32
6.23
5.59

5.89
7.57
5.60
5.95
5.32
6.28
5.63

5.99
7.98
5.71
6.13
5.38
6.21
5.75

6.04
8.05
5.75
6.16
5.41
6.33
5.80

6.15 212.72
306.82
195.51
211.23
179.82
243.59
208.51

213.81
308.86
197.12
209.44
185.67
248.69
204.93

222.83
332.77
210.13
228.65
197.45
235.36
209.88

226.50
336.49
211.60
232.23
194.22
243.07
215.18

223.25

11.62

11.55

11.77

11.75

11.79 457.83

450.45

460.21

459.43

457.45

Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3

4011

13.77

13.59

14.28

14.13

621.03

566.70

644.03

645.74

Local and interurban passenger transit .
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation

41
411
413

7.91
8.38
11.60

7.91
8.37
11.76

8.10
8.58
11.64

8.10
8.67
11.50

268.94
322.63
452.40

270.52
323.92
458.64

268.92
324.32
458.62

268.11
327.73
423.20

Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals .
Public warehousing

42
421,3
422

10.71
10.87
8.43

10.79
10.94
8.49

10.74
10.92
8.25

10.76
10.94
8.29

405.91
411.97
316.97

408.94
415.72
317.53

410.27
417.14
316.80

411.03
417.91
316.68

Pipe lines, except natural gas .

46

15.05

15.20

15.39

15.36

654.68

612.56

621.76

623.62

See footnotes at end of table.




95

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

1972
SIC
Code

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

48
481
483

40.2
41.4
37.2

39.8
41.0
36.7

39.6
40.7
37.0

49

41.7
41.6
40.3
42.6
43.2

41.9
42.0
40.8
42.2
43.5

41.1
40.6
40.8
42.4
41.3

41.0
40.8
40.2
41.9
41.3

38.3

38.3

38.1

38.1

38.8
38.3
36.7
39.0
36.3
40.1
38.4
38.4
39.5
37.5

38.8
38.4
36.8
39.4
36.5
40.0
38.4
38.4
39.4
37.7

38.6
37.9
37.0
38.7
36.4
40.5
38.6
38.2
39.1
37.7

38.7
37.8
37.2
38.9
36.6
40.6
38.6
38.2
39.1
38.0

37.5
37.2
36.9
35.9
37.9
39.0
39.4
36.1
37.4

37.6
36.9
37.0
36.0
37.8
39.1
39.1
35.9
37.6

37.3
37.2
36.9
36.6
37.7
39.8
38.9
35.8
36.6

37.3
36.8
37.2
36.3
37.6
39.9
38.9
35.8
36.9

28.9

28.9

28.8

28.9

491

492
493
495

Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment.
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

50
501
502
503
504
505

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries ...
Apparel, piece goods, and notions ..
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products .
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages .
Miscellaneous nondurable goods ....

51

506
507
508
509
511
512
513
514
516
517

518
519

Retail trade.
Building materials and garden supplies .
Lumber and other building materials ..
Hardware stores

52
521
525

35.7
37.7
32.5

36.2
38.2
32.7

36.2
38.1
32.3

36.3
38.4
32.7

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores .

53
531
533
539

27.7
27.5
28.9
28.9

28.1
27.9
29.2
28.9

27.0
26.8
28.0
28.8

27.7
27.5
28.4
29.0

Food stores
Grocery stores .
Retail bakeries .

54
541
546

29.5
29.7
29.1

29.6
29.8
28.8

29.4
29.6
28.0

29.4
29.6
27.5

Automotive dealers and service stations .
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

36.5
37.5
38.9
34.0

36.4
37.3
39.2
33.9

36.2
37.2
38.7
33.6

36.3
37.3
38.8
33.8

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

26.8
29.1
25.6
27.2
27.4

26.7
29.2
25.5
26.9
27.4

26.1
29.3
24.6
26.2
27.5

26.4
29.5
24.8
26.4
27.6

Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

57
571
572
573

33.0
32.9
33.9
32.7

32.7
32.8
33.4
32.2

33.0
32.6
33.4
33.6

33.1
32.8
33.6
33.4

Eating and drinking places4 ...

58

25.3

25.3

25.5

25.6

96




Apr.
1987P

39.5
40.6
36.7

Wholesale trade .

See footnotes at end of table.

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours

38.1

29.2

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services

1972
SIC
Code

48

481
483

Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

$12.06 $12.04 $12.19 $12.24
12.76
12.70 12.97 13.04
10.78
10.97 10.77 10.79

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

$484.81 $479.19 $482.72 $483.48
528.26 520.70 527.88 529.42
401.02 402.60 398.49 395.99

492
493
495

13.35
13.34
12.46
15.72
9.56

13.24
13.31
12.33
15.47
9.57

13.69
13.78
12.91
15.78
10.03

13.69
13.79
13.00
15.70
10.07

556.70
554.94
502.14
669.67
412.99

554.76
559.02
503.06
652.83
416.30

562.66
559.47
526.73
669.07
414.24

561.29
562.63
522.60
657.83
415.89

9.33

49
491

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings

9.29

9.55

9.53

$9.55 357.34

355.81

363.86

363.09 $363.86

9.44
8.37
8.53
8.81
9.73

9.41
8.39
8.48
8.86
9.78
10.20
9.71
8.89
9.99
7.56

9.70

365.11
322.18
312.06
349.08
356.97
408.00
372.86
341.38
393.61
285.01

374.42
324.80
324.49
352.56
354.90
416.75
392.18
349.91
404.29
289.54

374.23
325.46
327.36
352.82
356.12
417.77
385.23
350.29
403.90
292.60

51
511
512

513
514
516
517
518

519

Retail trade

9.16

9.67
8.61
8.80
9.07
9.73
10.29
9.98
9.17

10.34
7.68

10.33
7.70

366.27
320.57
313.05
343.59
353.20
411.83
376.32
342.53
395.40
284.25

9.10
9.99
10.49
8.82
9.15
11.36
9.64

9.33
9.72
10.85
9.23
9.41

10.84
7.44

10.73
7.75

9.32
9.70
10.76
9.16
9.40
11.97
9.68
10.95
7.69

343.50
370.51
390.40
317.00
349.44
446.94
387.30
388.08
278.26

342.16
368.63
388.13
317.52
345.87
444.18
376.92
389.16
279.74

348.01
361.58
400.37
337.82
354.76
482.38
372.66
384.13
283.65

347.64
356.96
400.27
332.51
353.44
477.60
376.55
392.01
283.76

6.03

50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509

6.01

6.06

6.06

6.06 174.27

173.69

174.53

175.13

10.27
9.80
8.92
10.01
7.58
9.16
9.96
10.58
8.83
9.22
11.46
9.83
10.75
7.44

8.57
8.77
9.11

9.75
10.29
10.16

12.12
9.58

Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores

52
521
525

6.75
7.06
5.78

6.75
7.12
5.77

6.94
7.25
5.86

6.91
7.24
5.85

240.98
266.16
187.85

244.35
271.98
188.68

251.23
276.23
189.28

250.83
278.02
191.30

General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores

53
531
533
539

6.26
6.53
4.69
4.91

6.30
6.58
4.68
4.89

6.43
6.72
4.76
5.01

6.43
6.71
4.77
5.05

173.40
179.58
135.54
141.90

177.03
183.58
136.66
141.32

173.61
180.10
133.28
144.29

178.11
184.53
135.47
146.45

Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries

54
541
546

7.16
7.36
5.44

7.12
7.32
5.47

6.93
7.10
5.51

6.92
7.09
5.55

211.22
218.59
158.30

210.75
218.14
157.54

203.74
210.16
154.28

203.45
209.86
152.63

Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations

55
551,2
553
554

7.52
9.12
6.52
5.40

7.56
9.19
6.59
5.39

7.52
9.06
6.61
5.46

7.55
9.14
6.57
5.46

274.48
342.00
253.63
183.60

275.18
342.79
258.33
182.72

272.22
337.03
255.81
183.46

274.07
340.92
254.92
184.55

Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores

56
561
562
565
566

5.34
6.14
5.06
5.31
5.35

5.36
6.19
5.08
5.30
5.44

5.52
6.54
5.17
5.51
5.46

5.48
6.38
5.15
5.48
5.50

143.11
178.67
129.54
144.43
146.59

143.11
180.75
129.54
142.57
149.06

144.07
191.62
127.18
144.36
150.15

144.67
188.21
127.72
144.67
151.80

Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores

57
571
572
573

7.24
7.34
7.37
7.02

7.24
7.28
7.33
7.13

7.32
7.39
7.40
7.16

7.30
7.39
7.34
7.11

238.92
241.49
249.84
229.55

236.75
238.78
244.82
229.59

241.56
240.91
247.16
240.58

241.63
242.39
246.62
237.47

Eating and drinking places4

58

4.36

4.34

4.40

4.42

110.31

109.80

112.20

176.95

113.15

See footnotes at end of table.




97

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1972
SIC
Code

59
591
594
596
598
599

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

30.0
28.2
28.3
32.7
38.3
31.6

30.0
28.1
28.3
32.6
37.6
31.8

30.3
27.7
28.2
33.0
39.7
33.4

36.4

36.5

36.4

Apr.
1987"

29.8
27.7
28.1
33.0
38.6
31.0

36.7

Finance, insurance, and real estate5

Average overtime hours

Average weekly hours

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks

60
602

36.6
36.6

36.4
36.4

36.3
36.3

36.0
36.0

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

61
612
614

37.8
36.9
37.8

37.4
36.5
37.4

37.1
36.0
37.4

37.1
36.0
37.3

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

37.8
37.2
38.0
37.9

37.6
37.0
38.0
37.6

37.5
37.2
37.2
37.5

37.4
37.0
37.5
37.4

32.4

32.4

32.3

32.3

36.4

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4

701

30.6

30.6

30.9

30.6

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4

721
723

33.8
29.8

34.1
29.5

33.8
29.9

34.0
30.0

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

73
731
734
737

33.6
36.2
28.4
38.6

33.6
36.3
28.5
39.1

33.3
35.8
28.1
37.8

33.3
36.1
28.2
37.5

Auto repair, services, and garages

75
753

37.1
38.4

37.3
38.5

37.2
38.4

37.2
38.3

76

37.9

38.0

37.6

37.5

78
781

27.1
33.3

26.9
34.2

28.2
35.3

28.1
35.2

79

28.3

27.7

28.6

28.2

80

806

32.4
30.9
28.2
31.3
34.2

32.3
30.8
28.1
31.0
34.2

32.3
30.8
28.0
31.4
34.1

32.3
30.7
28.2
31.3
34.1

81

34.8

34.7

34.4

34.3

89
891

39.3
39.6
39.9

39.6
39.7
40.4

38.6
39.2
38.5

38.7
39.0
39.2

Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Legal services
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ..
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .
See footnotes at end of table.

98




801
802
805

893

32.2

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagriculturai payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued

Industry

Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee

1972
SIC
Code

Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Mar.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

$183.00
157.07
161.88
224.32
336.27
198.13

Apr.
1987P

$183.00
156.80
162.44
224.94
324.11
200.98

$190.59
160.38
164.41
234.30
365.24
212.76

$187.74
160.94
164.95
234.63
350.10
199.64

Finance, insurance, and real estate5

$6.10
5.57
5.72
6.86
8.78
6.27

$6.10
5.58
5.74
6.90
8.62
6.32

$6.29
5.79
5.83
7.10
9.20
6.37

$6.30
5.81
5.87
7.11
9.07
6.44

8.30

59
591
594
596
598
599

Apr.
1987P

8.29

8.71

8.69

$8.63 304.61

301.76

317.92

316.32

Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks

60
602

7.15
6.97

7.13
6.94

7.51
7.27

7.49
7.23

261.69
255.10

259.53
252.62

272.61
263.90

269.64
260.28

Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions

61
612
614

7.54
7.11
7.27

7.49
7.08
7.18

7.96
7.53
7.50

7.95
7.51
7.50

285.01
262.36
274.81

280.13
258.42
268.53

295.32
271.08
280.50

294.95
270.36
279.75

Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance

63
631
632
633

8.95
8.42
9.06
9.35

8.99
8.52
8.94
9.36

9.51
9.01
9.54
9.86

9.50
9.01
9.45
9.81

338.31
313.22
344.28
354.37

338.02
315.24
339.72
351.94

356.63
335.17
354.89
369.75

355.30
333.37
354.38
366.89

8.18

8.12

8.41

8.40

8.38 265.03

263.09

271.64

271.32

$314.13

Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4

701

5.97

5.96

6.15

6.09

182.68

182.38

190.04

186.35

Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4

721
723

5.96
6.15

5.95
6.10

6.07
6.04

6.08
6.22

201.45
183.27

202.90
179.95

205.17
180.60

206.72
186.60

Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services

73
731
734
737

8.44
11.54
6.37
11.55

8.41
11.25
6.40
11.40

8.61
11.47
6.51
12.02

8.61
11.59
6.53
12.07

283.58
417.75
180.91
445.83

282.58
408.38
182.40
445.74

286.71
410.63
182.93
454.36

286.71
418.40
184.15
452.63

Auto repair, services, and garages

75
753

7.55
8.14

7.52
8.10

7.74
8.31

7.76
8.33

280.11
312.58

280.50
311.85

287.93
319.10

288.67
319.04

76

8.81

8.81

8.99

9.01

333.90

334.78

338.02

337.88

78
781

12.82
17.35

12.39
17.03

12.58
16.53

12.44
16.37

347.42
577.76

333.29
582.43

354.76
583.51

349.56
576.22

79

7.43

7.10

7.19

7.17

210.27

196.67

205.63

202.19

80
801
802
805
806

8.26
8.19
8.24
5.77
9.22

8.27
8.13
8.25
5.76
9.26

8.57
8.39
8.49
5.89
9.66

8.55
8.31
8.43
5.89
9.66

267.62
253.07
232.37
180.60
315.32

267.12
250.40
231.83
178.56
316.69

276.81
258.41
237.72
184.95
329.41

276.17
255.12
237.73
184.36
329.41

81

11.17

10.93

11.84

11.85

388.72

379.27

407.30

406.46

89
891
893

11.63
12.77
9.67

11.50
12.67
9.49

12.01
12.98
10.19

11.99
13.03
10.16

457.06
505.69
385.83

455.40
503.00
383.40

463.59
508.82
392.32

269.84

464.01
508.17
398.27

Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Legal services
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in the aircraft industry (SIC
3721).
3
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
4
Money payments only; tips, not included.




5
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from all series in this
division.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.

99

A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft Manufacturing
For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' average
hourly earnings series for production workers in "aircraft
manufacturing (sic 3721) has been used to escalate labor costs
in contracts between aircraft companies and their customers.
Although the Bureau's series by definition takes account of
traditional wage rate changes, it does not capture ''lump-sum
payments to workers in lieu of general wage increases" which
were negotiated in aircraft manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
As a service to aircraft companies and other interested parties,
BLS has calculated an average hourly earnings series for sic 3721
which includes lump-sum payments. This series is presented in
table C-2a along with the average hourly earnings series produced as part of the Current Employment Statistics program. The
series begins in October 1983, the effective date of the first aircraft bargaining agreement using lump-sum payments.
The general practice in the industry has been to make this
payment at the beginning of the contract year "in lieu of a
wage increase" and to base the amount of the payment on the
workers' earnings during the preceding year. As a result, the
Bureau considered three approaches to the method for
calculating an average hourly earnings series which includes
lump-sum payments:

payment for payroll periods in the year following the
payment.
The first approach, attractive because it includes the payment in the month in which it is received by the worker, creates
1-month "spikes" and a series which would not be useful for
escalation purposes. The second approach, which prorates the
payments backward, places emphasis on the determination of
the amount of the payment from workers' earnings in the
previous year. This approach generally relates the payments to
the workers who receive them. However, the Bureau has
received statements from both union and company officials
who negotiated the agreements covering a majority of the
workers in the industry. These statements make clear that the
intent of the bargainers was to make an advance payment for
the upcoming contract year in lieu of an increase in wage rates
for that following year.
Because BLS has a longstanding policy of leaving the interpretation of collective bargaining agreements to the parties involved,
the Bureau calculated the inclusion of lump-sum payments using
the third method, prorating the payments forward through the
years covered by the contract. Because the payments prorated forward under this approach may include payments to workers no
longer on the payroll, data provided by the aircraft companies
have been used to adjust for this difference.
Lump-sum payments are but one of several recent changes
in the way that employees are compensated. The changes are
widespread and they differ by industry. Because of these
developments, the Bureau plans to conduct a broad-based
review of all concepts and definitions used in its earnings and
wage programs to determine the proper treatment of lumpsum payments and other new compensation practices.

1. The entire payment could be included in the month in
which the payment was made.
2. The payments could be prorated backward to payroll
periods used to determine the amount of the lump-sum
payment.
3. The payments could be prorated forward as an advance

C-2a. Average hourlyr earnings in aircraft manufacturing (SIC 3721)

Year

Annual
average

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

$12.76
13.04
13.35
13.52

$12.83
13.05
13.37
13.66

$12.93
13.13
13.48
13.64

$12.83
13.26
13.54
14.12

$12.92
13.28
13.57
14.23

$13.03
13.37
13.68
14.19

Average hourly earnings, excluding lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987

$12.91
13 18
13.48

$12.82
13.01
13.38
13.60

$12.88
13.12
13.44
13.65

$12.85
13 11
13.46
p
13.70

$12.81
13.04
13.46

$12.78
13.06
13.38

$12.87
13.11
13.42

$12.89
13.05
13.41

$12.87
13.16
13.43

$12.97
13.26
13.48

Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987

100




$13.11
13.40
13 78

$12.95
13.26
13.58
14.14

$13.02
13.36
13.64
14.19

$13.02
13.33
13.66
p
14.24

$12.98
13.26
13.66

$12.97
13.27
13.58

$13.06
13.33
13.63

$13.11
13.29
13.61

$13.09
13.39
13.63

$13.19
13.48
13.68

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Industry

Manufacturing

Feb.
1987

$9.33

$9.33

$9.43

$9.43

$9.48

9.88
8.01
7.13
9.42

9.87
8.00
7.14
9.45

9.95
7.98
7.31
9.63

9.94
7.93
7.30
9.60

9.98

11.42
9.48

11.46
9.47
10.16
9.32

11.27
9.57

12.21
9.12
7.29

12.30
9.33
7.46

11.31
9.55
10.21
9.53
12.27
9.28
7.44

8.55
8.39
12.67
6.58
5.69

8.69
8.54
13.23
6.78
5.74

10.49
9.52

10.60
9.79

11.34
13.50
8.33
5.80

11.67
13.67
8.44
5.86

10.15
9.30
12.24
9.10
7.29

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

8.54
8.39
12.54
6.56
5.68
10.47
9.53
11.31
13.53
8.34
5.76




Apr.
1987P

Apr.
1986

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products ....
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ..
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
n
= preliminary.

Mar.
1987P

Mar.
1986

10.19
9.53

8.71
8.56
13.44
6.78
5.75

$8.79

10.60
9.79
11.69
13.61
8.44
5.90

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are
subject to revision.

101

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major Industry, In current and constant (1977) dollars.
Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Industry

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

$8.73
4.93

$8.72
4.94

$8.89
4.91

$8.89
4.88

$8.89

Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

12.35
6.98

12.43
7.04

12.60
6.95

12.56
6.89

$12.43

Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

12.22
6.90

12.29
6.96

12.46
6.87

12.55
6.89

Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

9.72
5.49

9.70
5.50

9.83
5.42

11.62
6.56

11.55
6.54

Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

9.33
5.27

Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Apr.
1987P

$302.93 $301.71 $307.59 $307.59 $306.71
171.05 170.94 171.78 168.91
522.41
294.98

522.06
295.78

534.24
294.67

528.78
290.38

$519.57

$12.54

444.81
251.16

462.10
261.81

459.77
253.60

470.63
258.45

$470.25

9.84
5.40

$9.87

395.60
223.38

392.85
222.58

401.06
221.21

402.46
221.01

$398.75

11.77
6.49

11.75
6.45

$11.79

457.83
258.51

450.45
255.21

460.21
253.84

459.43
252.30

$457.45

9.29
5.26

9.55
5.27

9.53
5.23

$9.55

357.34
201.77

355.81
201.59

363.86
200.69

363.09
199.39

$363.86

6.03
3.40

6.01
3.41

6.06
3.34

6.06
3.33

$6.06

174.27
98.40

173.69
98.41

174.53
96.27

175.13
96.17

$176.95

Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

8.30
4.69

8.29
4.70

8.71
4.81

8.69
4.77

$8.63

304.61
172.00

301.76
170.97

317.92
175.36

316.32
173.71

$314.13

Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

8.18
4.62

8.12
4.60

8.41
4.64

8.40
4.61

$8.38

265.03
149.65

263.09
149.06

271.64
149.83

271.32
149.00

$269.84

Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
n
= preliminary.

102



0

0
0

0

NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted

Apr.

Total private

1987

1986

Industry
May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.p

Apr.'

34.8

34.8

34.7

34.7

34.8

34.7

34.7

34.8

34.6

34.8

35.0

34.8

34.7

40.7
3.4
41.3
3.6
40.3
39.1
42.4
41.3
40.5
41.2
41.8
41.1
42.1
41.9
41.3

40.7
3.4
41.2
3.4
40.3
39.4
42.3
41.7
41.5
41.1
41.8
4tO
41.9
41.8
40.9

40.6
3.3
41.2
3.5
39.9
39.4
42.2
41.6
41.1
41.1
41.7
41.0
42.2
42.4
41.0

40.6
3.4
41.1
3.5
40.1
39.4
42.2
41.3
41.2
41.1
41.4
41.1
42.1
42.4
40.8

40.8
3.5
41.4
3.5
40.2
39.9
42.5
41.9
41.5
41.2
41.7
41.2
42.6
42.8
41.0

40.8
3.5
41.4
3.6
40.1
40.0
42.5
42.0
41.6
41.5
41.7
41.2
42.6
42.7
40.7

40.7
3.5
41.3
3.6
40.3
39.8
42.3
42.3
42.3
41.2
41.6
40.9
42.1
42.1
41.1

40.8
3.5
41.4
3.6
40.7
39.6
41.9
42.4
42.5
41.4
41.7
41.0
42.3
42.6
41.2

40.8
3.5
41.3
3.6
40.4
39.6
42.1
42.5
42.7
41.1
41.5
41.0
42.1
42.6
41.3

41.0
3.6
41.6
3.7
40.7
40.2
42.9
42.7
42.8
41.5
42.0
41.0
42.3
43.2
41.2

41.3
3.6
41.9
3.7
41.2
40.1
43.2
42.7
42.2
41.8
42.2
41.3
42.7
43.5
41.5

41.0
3.7
41.6
3.8
40.9
40.0
42.7
42.7
42.3
41.4
42.0
40.9
42.6
43.2
41.3

40.5
3.4
41.2
3.6
40.7
39.2
42.1
42.2
41.9
40.9
41.9
40.6
41.9
42.2
40.8

39.9
3.3
40.2
2
()
41.3
36.9
43.0
38.0
41.9
43.6

39.9
3.4
40.2
2
()

39.8
3.2
40.0
2
()

39.9
3.4
39.8
2
()
41.5
36.7
43.0
38.0
42.2
43.7

40.1
3.5
40.0
2
()
41.5
36.9
43.2
38.1
42.5
43.8

40.1
3.5
39.8
2
()

40.1
3.5
40.0

40.8
36.5
43.1
37.8
41.9
44.0

40.0
3.4
40.3
2
()
41.4
36.5
43.5
38.0
42.1
44.3

39.9
3.3

41.1
36.5
43.2
38.0
42.0
43.4

39.8
3.4
40.0
2
()
40.9
36.6
43.2
37.9
41.9
43.5

40.4
3.5
40.2
2
()
42.3
37.7
43.6
38.2
42.2
44.4
(2)

40.2
3.5
40.0
2
()
42.2
37.1
43.1
37.9
42.1
44.4

39.7
3.3
39.9
2
()
41.5
36.2
42.5
37.9
42.3
44.0

Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

39.7
(2)
41.6
36.7
43.0
38.0
42.0
43.4

41.9
37.0
43.4
38.1
42.2
43.6

41.7
36.9
43.6
38.0
42.3
45.0

0

Transportation and public utilities

39.2

39.2

39.1

39.2

39.1

38.9

39.1

39.3

39.0

39.1

39.4

39.3

39.0

Wholesale trade

38.5

38.4

38.3

38.3

38.4

38.2

38.4

38.3

38.2

38.3

38.5

38.3

38.3

Retail trade

29.2

29.2

29.1

29.2

29.2

29.2

29.1

29.3

28.9

29.0

29.5

29.3

29.5

2

Finance, insurance, and real estate

()

Services

32.5

2

1

2

2

32.5

()

(2)

{*)

(2)

()

()

()

()

32.4

32.4

32.4

32.3

32.4

32.5

32.4

32.4

(2)

32.4

32.3

2

2

()

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular




2

32.5

components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are
subject to revision.

103

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1977=100)
1987

1986
Industry
Apr.
Total private ....
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing .
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec,

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.p

Apr.1

117.8

117.7

117.3

117.9

118.4

118.3

118.6

119.3

119.0

119.9

121.1

120.6

120.5

99.4

98.8

98.0

98.1

98.9

98.7

98.5

98.8

99.0

100.4

101.0

100.1

99.3

90.2

85.3

83.4

83.7

83.0

81.2

82.1

81.1

81.4

81.0

82.3

82.1

81.9

133.7

132.6

130.3

132.2

134.0

134.2

133.0

131.8

132.2

139.9

138.7

135.8

135.3

93.2

92.9

92.4

92.2

92.9

92.7

92.6

93.3

93.4

93.6

94.6

94.0

93.1

91.5
99.3
103.6
89.2
64.7
51.8
90.1
89.4
103.0
95.6
85.3

91.0
99.3
104.9
88.8
64.8
52.6
89.4
88.9
102.8
94.2
83.4
104.5
81.2

90.3
98.5
104.9
88.2
62.7
51.6
88.9
88.3
100.6
94.9
84.5
104.5
81.7

89.9
98.7

90.7
99.9

90.5

90.9

90.4

104.1
108.4

91.9
105.9

91.3

103.2
106.5
87.7

105.1

107.1
88.1
61.9
49.0
88.5
87.5
103.2
95.9
84.8
104.5
80.1

90.6
103.3

90.5

105.2
87.9
61.8
51.7
88.1
87.0

90.1
101.4
107.3

105.1

108.7
89.5
63.8
50.7
89.1
86.4
101.4
96.8
86.0

106.8

95.7
99.5
82.1
78.4

95.6
99.9
79.5
77.9

85.2
101.7
127.8

84.8
101.7
127.6

106.1
81.6
95.8

99.1
81.6
78.4
86.6
101.0
127.8

102.7
93.9
82.5
103.5
80.1

95.7
99.8
81.5
78.5
85.3
101.5

Transportation and public utilities.

92.9
79.7

93.2
80.8

111.8

111.7

58.5
Service-producing .

80.1
111.8

128.7
93.2
79.1

57.5

56.8

93.2

127.9

128.2

128.0

96.1
100.1
72.2
79.6
85.0
101.6
128.6

100.5
107.6
88.3
61.8
48.4

49.5
88.8
84.6

108.4

90.9
63.1
48.9
89.8
86.6
103.0

94.9
82.1

84.6

84.1

85.1

97.5
87.5

103.5

104.2
79.9

103.9

104.5
82.5

103.4
83.0

104.4
83.3

104.2
82.6

98.0
101.2
82.0
83.7
86.6

79.9
96.0
98.9
76.6
79.6
85.6
101.2

110.5

56.4

56.9

56.6

129.2

62.9

89.7
61.9
47.9
89.4
85.6
102.5

95.9
84.4

102.9

81.3
112.6

128.9

49.7

106.3
86.7
62.6
49.3

89.0
85.1
102.9
96.3

89.4
85.8

128.9
93.4
78.9
113.4

94.0

87.3
62.2
88.6
85.3
102.3

96.3
99.0
77.5
79.9
85.9
102.0
129.7
93.7
79.4

81.3

102.9
95.6

95.5

97.2

97.6

97.7

98.5

100.6

100.1
78.4
81.7

100.6

101.3

79.1
81.7

79.1
83.6
88.2

78.9
80.7
86.4

87.6

87.1

102.7
130.2

103.7
130.8

103.4

93.4
79.3
115.2

93.9

113.5

94.6
79.6
114.8

56.8

57.5

58.9

88.6

63.5
53.2
88.4
86.6
100.8

93.9
82.3
103.2

81.2
97.1
101.0

76.7
81.9
84.8

102.4
130.6

101.4
131.5

93.7

81.8
115.3

103.6
131.6
93.9
80.7
116.3

80.7

93.9
80.8

116.1

114.4

59.2

60.2

60.5

57.2

131.1

129.7

130.7

130.1

130.7

132.2

131.9

132.3

106.6

107.3

108.6

108.2

108.7

109.9

110.1

109.4

129.2

106.8

106.8

104.3

106.7

105.7

120.6

120.2

119.0

119.8

120.2

119.3

119.8

119.5

119.2

119.6

120.3

119.8

119.9

118.1

118.5

118.4

119.1

119.3

119.6

119.7

120.8

119.2

120.1

122.6

122.0

123.1

135.4

135.8

137.6

137.8

139.1

138.7

139.7

141.1

140.7

141.3

141.8

141.9

142.7

144.2

144.8

145.2

145.9

146.4

146.0

146.8

147.9

148.2

148.4

149.7

149.5

149.7

Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.

104




NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are
subject to revision.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-7. The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1
on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1987

1986
Industry
Apr.

May

June

Sept.

July

Oct.

Nov.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.p

Apr.

170.6

170.7

171.4

171.8

172.2

3

3

3

Dec.

2

Hourly Earnings lndex (1977 = 100)
Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Total private (in constant dollars)4

168.4

168.7

169.2

0

168.9

169.3

169.6

170.0

3

3

3

3

()
151.2
172.8
170.8
(3)
159.1
(3)
174.4

()
152.6
173.1
170.9
(3)
159.1
(3)
175.3

154.0
173.2
171.2
(3)
159.3
(3)
176.6

()
153.9
173.5
171.2
(3)
159.3
(3)
175.8

()
151.7
173.4
171.5
(3)
158.4
(3)
176.9

()
151.1
173.9
172.3
(3)
158.5
(3)
178.4

179.0

94.9

95.0

95.3

95.0

94.4

94.4

$8.82

$8.84

$8.86

$8.90

173.4

174.3

95.3

95.3

95.2

95.0

95.1

$8.72

$8.73

$8.74

$8.73

$8.77

0

0

151.4
172.5
170.7
(3)
157.8

0

(3)
153.5
175.0
173.6
(3)
159.0
(3)
178.8

94.2

173.1

151.0
172.5
170.1
(3)
157.2

0

()
151.3
172.9
170.1
(3)
158.5
(3)
174.3

()
150.8
172.7
170.3
(3)
157.7
(3)
173.4

150.6
172.0
169.3
(3)
157.3

170.8

153.2
173.9
172.9
(3)
158.8

0

Average hourly earnings
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

$8.76

$8.80

$8.84

0

$12.34 $12.38 $12.43 $12.40 $12.43 $12.43 $12.53 $12.65 $12.62 $12.43 $12.40 $12.58
9.72
9.71
9.78
9.78
9.81
9.82
9.73
9.74
9.76
9.77
9.77
9.68
11.62
11.63
11.65
11.69
11.76
11.79
11.62
11.64
11.62
11.67
11.68
11.58
9.29
9.35
9.43
9.42
9.53
9.56
9.31
9.35
9.37
9.39
9.47
9.27
5.99
6.00
6.07
6.03
6.01
6.04
6.00
6.05
6.03
6.05
6.07
5.99
8.31
8.40
8.44
8.54
8.63
8.65
8.33
8.37
8.41
8.41
8.56
8.28
8.12
8.17
8.24
8.29
8.35
8.38
8.12
8.17
8.16
8.21
8.28
8.11

$8.88
()
$12.59
9.85
11.83
9.53
6.04
8.62
8.37

Average weekly earnings

Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1977) dollars 4 .

303.46 303.80 303.28 302.93 305.20 303.97 305.36 307.63 305.17 307.63 310.10 309.72 308.14
169.90
171.83 171.54 170.57 170.38 171.46 170.20 170.69 171.57 170.01 170.15 170.01

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Excludes the effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to
underlying wage rate movements: Fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing
and interindustry employment shifts.
3
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular




components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
4
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series.
5
Not available.
?
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to
revision.

105

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
Average weekly hours
State and area

Mar.
1987p

Average hourly earnings

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile

40.4
41.4
40.4

41.0
41.1
42.0

40.6
40.6
41.6

$8.67
8.93
10.26

$8.67
8.81
10.11

Alaska

42.9

39.6

43.6

12.07

11.83

Arizona

40.7

40.6

40.5

9.65

10.02

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

40.0
40.5
39.6
40.7
41.3

40.3
40.8
39.9
40.2
42.6

40.6
40.4
40.7
40.4
41.7

7.70
6.69
8.16
8.33
9.57

7.85
6.88
8.21
8.28
10.56

California

40.4

40.1

40.4

10.25

Colorado
Denver

39.8
40.1

40.5
40.5

41.2
40.4

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

42.1
41.2
42.0
41.8
41.6
41.2
43.6

42.0
42.0
42.3
43.0
41.5
40.6
42.5

Delaware
Wilmington

42.0
42.0

District of Columbia:
Washington MSA

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?
$8.70
8.82

Average weekly earnings
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

$350.27
369.70
414.50

$355.47
362.09
424.62

$353.22
358.09
420.99

10.12
517.80

468.47

501.40

9.96
7.86
7.14
8.19
8.35
10.48

392.76

406.81

403.38

308.00
270.95
323.14
339.03
395.24

316.36
280.70
327.58
332.86
449.86

319.12
288.46
333.33
337.34
437.02

10.70

10.71

414.10

429.07

432.68

9.78
10.67

9.92
10.82

9.81
10.72

389.24
427.87

401.76
438.21

404.17
433.09

42.0
41.9
42.5
43.2
40.9
40.3
43.2

9.97
10.27
10.25
10.25

10.29
10.87
10.64
10.67

9.51
10.39
8.37

10.26
10.76
10.58
10.65
9.98
11.18
8.93

9.02

419.74
423.12
430.50
428.45
395.62
428.07
364.93

430.92
451.92
447.53
457.95
414.17
453.91
379.53

432.18
455.45
452.20
460.94
404.09
450.15
389.66

40.9
41.5

42.3
43.6

10.11
11.71

10.57
12.52

10.81
12.69

424.62
491.82

432.31
519.58

457.26
553.28

38.7

39.0

39.0

10.20

9.46

9.50

394.74

368.94

370.50

Florida
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven ...
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

40.6
40.8
40.5
38.5
38.9
41.3
41.8
40.7
42.4

40.5
42.5
40.7
40.6
39.1
41.2
42.2
40.3
43.7

40.5
42.6
41.6
41.1
39.3
40.5
41.1
40.0
42.8

7.97
7.72
8.22
7.51
6.86
8.27
9.83
7.53
8.49

8.11
7.95
8.94
7.91
7.05
8.35
10.01
7.64
9.08

8.10
8.01
8.96
7.80
7.00
8.46
10.09
7.67
9.00

323.58
314.98
332.91
289.14
266.85
341.55
410.89
306.47
359.98

328.46
337.88
363.86
321.15
275.66
344.02
422.42
307.89
396.80

328.05
341.23
372.74
320.58
275.10
342.63
414.70
306.80
385.20

Georgia ...
Atlanta
Savannah

40.5
40.5
43.7

41.2
40.5
43.8

41.0
40.0
40.8

8.32
10.19
10.46

8.38
10.27
10.65

8.40
10.27
10.36

336.96
412.70
457.10

345.26
415.94
466.47

344.40
410.80
422.69

Hawaii

39.7
39.7

39.3
39.5

39.2
39.5

8.87
9.04

9.16
9.35

9.14
9.31

352.14
358.89

359.99
369.33

358.29
367.75

37.6

38.0

37.7

9.31

9.60

9.43

350.06

364.80

355.51

40.9
38.5
41.3
39.8
41.9
39.9
41.5
40.4
40.2
41.8
43.7
43.1
41.1

41.5
41.7
40.4
39.8
41.9
39.7
40.3
41.2
41.6
39.7
42.3
42.4
40.0

41.3
41.8
39.3
39.8
41.8
39.4
41.2
41.2
39.3
39.3
42.1
41.5
41.6

10.60
9.89
10.85
9.19
10.36
12.47
13.39
11.37
10.00
10.44
12.95
11.24
11.46

10.81
10.24
10.59
9.36
10.58
12.77
13.83
11.58
9.91
10.76
12.91
11.04
11.50

10.84
10.22
10.44
9.13
10.60
12.66
13.89
11.61
9.94
10.66
12.84
10.59
11.53

433.54
380.77
448.11
365.76
434.08
497.55
555.69
459.35
402.00
436.39
565.92
484.44
471.01

448.62
427.01
427.84
372.53
443.30
506.97
557.35
477.10
412.26
427.17
546.09
468.10
460.00

447.69
427.20
.410.29
363.37
443.08
498.80
572.27
478.33
390.64
418.94
540.56
439.49
479.65

Honolulu

11.50

Idaho
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
See footnotes at end of table.

106



9.88
11.17

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Average hourly earnings
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Average weekly earnings

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Indiana

41.5

41.5

41.6

$10.88

$10.99

$11.04

$451.52

$456.09

$459.26

Iowa
Cedar Rapids .
Des Moines...
Dubuque
Sioux City .......

40.3
39.5
41.2
39.7
37.5

40.6
38.4
42.3
42.2
38.5

40.8
40.5
41.4
41.5
37.9

10.48
11.24
11.83
11.70
8.91

10.55
11.48
11.63
12.64
8.95

10.53
11.42
11.72
12.65
9.12

422.34
443.98
487.40
464.49
334.13

428.33
440.83
491.95
533.41
344.58

429.62
462.51
485.21
524.98
345.65

Kansas

39.8
41.0
38.4

40.7
41.4
39.1

41.1
42.5
40.2

9.57
11.15
9.86

10.10
10.94
10.96

10.14
10.91
11.05

380.89
457.15
378.62

411.07
452.92
428.54

416.75
463.68
444.21

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette ...
Louisville

39.2
37.7
40.8

39.9
37.3
40.7

39.7
37.9
41.1

9.73
10.43
10.81

9.91
10.64
11.17

9.93
10.49
11.21

381.42
393.21
441.05

395.41
396.87
454.62

394.22
397.57
460.73

Louisiana
Baton Rouge ...
New Orleans ...
Shreveport ..

41.7
42.7
40.1
41.1

42.1
40.4
41.5
40.8

42.1
41.4
41.2
39.5

10.66
12.37
10.67
11.40

10.79
12.31
10.65
11.43

10.83
12.39
10.62
11.55

444.52
528.20
427.87
468.54

454.26
497.32
441.98
466.34

455.94
512.95
437.54
456.23

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn .
Portland

40.1
38.0
38.4

41.2
40.3
38.4

41.7
40.1
39.9

8.58
6.97
9.20

8.72
7.39
9.41

8.71
7.27
9.19

344.06
264.86
353.28

359.26
297.82
361.34

363.21
291.53
366.68

Maryland
Baltimore MSA .

40.7
41.4

40.4
41.2

40.7
41.7

10.11
10.62

9.99
10.68

10.02
10.73

411.48
439.67

403.60
440.02

407.81
447.44

Massachusetts ..
Boston
Springfield
Worcester..

41.2
40.6
42.4
39.8

40.5
40.3
42.1
40.7

40.9
40.5
42.2
41.0

9.10
9.98
8.98
9.35

9.56
10.42
9.02
9.54

9.59
9.10
9.55

374.92
405.19
380.75
372.13

387.18
419.93
379.74
388.28

392.23
422.01
384.02
391.55

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids

43.3
43.7
42.4
44.3
46.2
41.0
42.1
43.7
43.1
41.0
43.5

42.9
45.9
43.6
44.4
43.6
40.5
42.6
44.0
42.8
41.0
42.9

42.8
45.2
45.1
44.2
44.4
40.4
41.9
43.1
43.1
40.9
43.2

12.91
13.76
13.33
13.88
14.55
10.52
10.37
11.92
14.58
11.38
14.46

12.92
14.21
13.88
13.77
14.84
10.96
10.01
12.04
14.27
11.51
14.30

12.93
14.10
13.58
13.79
14.85
11.00
10.20
12.05
14.23
11.54
14.51

559.00
601.31
565.19
614.88
672.21
431.32
436.58
520.90
628.40
466.58
629.01

554.27
652.24
605.17
611.39
647.02
443.88
426.43
529.76
610.76
471.91
613.47

553.40
637.32
612.46
609.52
659.34
444.40
427.38
519.35
613.31
471.99
626.83

40.5
37.8
40.9
40.9

40.5
37.3
40.5
38.8

40.6
36.8
40.7
39.0

10.25
10.67
11.00
9.48

10.40
10.79
11.14
8.92

10.50
10.74
11.19
8.95

415.13
403.33
449.90
387.73

421.20
402.47
451.17
346.10

426.30
395.23
455.43
349.05

Jackson ....

40.4
40.3

40.1
40.3

40.0
40.1

7.43
8.26

7.55
8.53

7.59
8.54

300.17
332.88

302.76
343.76

303.60
342.45

Missouri
Kansas City..
St. Joseph ....
St. Louis
Springfield ..

40.4
40.0
38.7
40.9
40.1

40.1
39.2
40.1
41.9
39.2

40.2
39.7
37.8
40.6
39.7

11.16
9.13
11.38

9.86
11.43
10.00
11.44

9.88
11.42

8.79

8.78

399.96
446.40
353.33
465.44
364.51

395.39
448.06
401.00
479.34
344.57

397.18
453.37
358.34
463.65
348.57

Montana .

40.3

38.0

37.4

10.94

10.54

10.73

440.88

400.52

401.30

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

39.4
38.9
40.3

40.0
41.4
39.8

40.1
41.1
40.3

9.31
9.69
9.77

9.31
9.74
9.92

9.36
9.72
9.96

366.81
376.94
393.73

372.40
403.24
394.82

375.34
399.49
401.39

Nevada
Las Vegas .

39.8
39.0

39.9
40.0

40.9
40.4

9.12
11.19

9.63
12.01

9.62
11.73

362.98
436.41

384.24
480.40

393.46
473.89

Topeka
Wichita...

Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud

Mississippi .

.........

10.42

9.48
11.42

See footnotes at end of table.




107

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

40.9
41.7

41.5
42.2

41.4
43.0

New Mexico
Albuquerque
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

39.5
39.6

39.2
39.9

40.4
40.8

39.9
41.1
39.8
42.6
41.5
40.9
40.6
37.5
37.1
42.1
38.4
43.4
42.1
40.4
40.4
41.0
39.7

39.9
40.3
40.0
42.4
40.2

40.1
40.2
40.6
42.2
41.0
(1)
40.6
37.6
37.4

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point ..
Raleigh-Durham

New Hampshire
Nashua

Mar.
1986

Average hourly earnings
Mar.
1986

$8.73
10.43

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

$357.06
434.93

$375.99
474.75

$376.74
483.32

$9.06
11.25

$9.10
11.24

415.48

425.60

427.25

8.79
8.64

8.67
9.20

8.55
9.06

347.21
342.14

339.86
367.08

345.42
369.65

9.93

10.03
10.50

8.95
12.14
9.71
(1)
10.35
9.36
9.21
12.98
7.88
9.21
11.96
10.06
11.06
9.64
10.36

396.21
414.70
355.41
527.39
391.35
390.60
402.75
343.13
330.93
535.93
293.38
382.35
509.41
392.28
442.38
377.61
425.58

402.59
427.99
367.20
512.62
384.71

402.20
422.10
363.37
512.31
398.11

423.96
354.38
345.20
534.42
308.11
389.85
495.87
415.93
456.85
400.74
412.34

420.21
351.94
344.45
538.67
310.47
386.82
501.12
398.38
464.52
405.84
407.15

10.06

New Jersey

Average weekly earnings

41.7
38.9

39.6
42.0
42.1
39.3

12.10
9.71
10.95
9.21
10.72

10.09
10.62
9.18
12.09
9.57
(1)
10.52
9.40
9.23
12.94
7.86
9.13
11.92
10.12
11.17
9.61
10.60

40.4
40.6
41.0
40.0
41.1

40.7
40.0
41.9
40.5
40.6

41.4
41.0
42.4
41.4
41.6

7.48
7.54
7.65
8.19
8.50

7.74
7.76
7.99
8.57
8.73

7.75
7.79
7.98
8.55
8.78

302.19
306.12
313.65
327.60
349.35

315.02
310.40
334.78
347.09
354.44

320.85
319.39
338.35
353.97
365.25

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead

37.8
37.4

38.5
36.2

38.7
36.4

8.07
8.33

8.39
8.36

8.39
8.28

305.05
311.54

323.02
302.63

324.69
301.39

Ohio

42.2
43.5
40.1
41.8
42.4
41.3
43.4
42.7
41.2

42.4
42.5
42.0
42.4
42.3
40.9
42.2
43.2
43.1

42.6
43.1
42.1
42.4
43.0
41.7
41.7
43.0
43.3

11.57
11.17
11.15
10.75
11.50
11.15
12.13
12.41
13.34

11.77
11.46
11.35
11.02
11.67
11.34
11.98
12.68
13.46

11.76
11.53
11.40
10.86
11.66
11.46
11.89
12.71
13.48

488.25
485.90
447.12
449.35
487.60
460.50
526.44
529.91
549.61

499.05
487.05
476.70
467.25
493.64
463.81
505.56
547.78
580.13

500.98
496.94
479.94
460.46
501.38
477.88
495.81
546.53
583.68

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

41.2
40.6
40.0

41.4
40.5
40.1

41.5
40.3
40.3

9.94
10.96
10.46

9.78
10.97
10.52

9.84
11.04
10.61

409.53
444.98
418.40

404.89
444.29
421.85

408.36
444.91
427.58

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

39.3
40.9
39.2
36.9

39.4
41.2
38.5
37.4

39.0
40.8
38.6
38.3

10.64
11.00
10.77
9.68

10.57
10.48
10.96
9.41

10.54
10.53
10.86
9.46

418.15
449.90
422.18
357.19

416.46
431.78
421.96
351.93

411.06
429.62
419.20
362.32

Akron
Canton
Cincinnati ..
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

See footnotes at end of table.

18
0




1

()
40.3
37.7
37.4

41.3
39.2
42.7

41.6
41.1
40.9

41.5
39.4
42.0
41.9

10.09
8.93

12.38
9.43
9.55
9.92
9.15
8.92
12.73
7.64
8.81

0

(1)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Averejge weekly hours
State and area

Average hourly earnings
Mar.
1986

Mar.
1987?

Avera ge weekly earnings
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

$9.86
10.13
8.91
10.98
10.25
9.37
8.34
9.62
10.64
10.89
9.97
8.64
11.32
8.22
8.54
9.28

$388.97
386.06
323.33
499.80
428.22
362.60
310.99
383.54
416.47
464.09
393.81
325.92
448.21
314.38
345.46
385.35

$398.93
397.80
341.93
464.25
425.57
375.74
319.42
389.30
431.47
447.45
403.51
331.39
452.17
323.79
346.23
394.24

$400.32
392.03
342.14
455.67
426.40
367.30
323.59
385.76
435.18
445.40
404.78
334.37
457.33
326.33
344.16
391.62

8.15
7.63
8.08

8.17
7.64
8.11

316.68
299.15
311.62

330.89
311.30
324.82

333.34
312.48
326.83

7.85
9.14
7.63
7.68

8.05
9.17
7.81
7.96

8.05
9.09
7.86
7.97

321.85
382.05
309.02
317.18

334.88
391.56
321.77
332.73

334.88
380.87
322.26
333.94

42.2
45.7

7.61
7.85

7.98
8.11

8.00
8.25

319.62
351.68

335.16
351.97

337.60
377.03

41.5
42.2
43.3
39.6
41.6
40.6

41.2
41.8
42.8
38.9
41.5
40.6

8.47
7.43
9.04
8.97
8.70
9.27

8.81
7.90
8.95
8.95
8.89
9.91

8.78
7.88
8.99
8.88
8.88
10.07

348.96
311.32
390.53
348.93
381.93
363.38

365.62
333.38
387.54
354.42
369.82
402.35

361.74
329.38
384.77
345.43
368.52
408.84

41.5
42.1
41.8
41.9
41.8

41.1
41.6
42.4
43.2
41.4

41.2
42.0
41.4
43.0
41.5

9.61
9.41
9.55
11.18
7.28

9.76
9.51
9.93
11.13
7.46

9.84
9.56
9.94
11.21
7.51

398.82
396.16
399.19
468.44
304.30

401.14
395.62
421.03
480.82
308.84

405.41
401.52
411.52
482.03
311.67

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden

40.2
40.2

38.9
39.5

39.2
40.2

10.13
9.75

9.90
9.86

9.77
9.83

407.23
391.95

385.11
389.47

382.98
395.17

Vermont
Burlington

40.4
40.7

40.5
41.4

40.5
42.2

8.77
9.75

8.92
9.90

8.92
9.98

354.31
396.83

361.26
409.86

361.26
421.16

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

40.3
39.8
39.2
40.0
40.3
41.1
40.8
40.1

40.3
41.8
41.3
42.5
41.2
39.9
40.5
41.6

40.6
41.8
39.4
42.6
42.2
39.9
40.8
42.3

8.72
7.39
7.41
8.23
8.42
9.01
11.05
8.21

9.07
7.67
7.49
8.18
8.57
9.73
11.44
8.55

9.13
7.77
7.55
8.15
8.59
9.77
11.36
8.86

351.42
294.12
290.47
329.20
339.33
370.31
450.84
329.22

365.52
320.61
309.34
347.65
353.08
388.23
463.32
355.68

370.68
324.79
297.47
347.19
362.50
389.82
463.49
374.78

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
,
State College
Williamsport
York

40.1
38.3
38.4
42.0
41.9
39.2
37.2
40.5
40.2
41.4
39.9
38.8
39.7
39.2
39.8
42.3

40.5
39.0
38.9
41.9
41.6
40.1
38.3
40.3
40.4
40.9
40.8
38.4
40.3
39.2
40.4
42.3

40.6
38.7
38.4
41.5
41.6
39.2
38.8
40.1
40.9
40.9
40.6
38.7
40.4
39.7
40.3
42.2

$9.70
10.08
8.42
11.90
10.22
9.25
8.36
9.47
10.36
11.21
9.87
8.40
11.29
8.02
8.68
9.11

$9.85
10.20
8.79
11.08
10.23
9.37
8.34
9.66
10.68
10.94
9.89
8.63
11.22
8.26
8.57
9.32

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

40.6
40.7
39.9

40.6
40.8
40.2

40.8
40.9
40.3

7.80
7.35
7.81

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

41.0
41.8
40.5
41.3

41.6
42.7
41.2
41.8

41.6
41.9
41.0
41.9

South Dakota
Sioux Falls

42.0
44.8

42.0
43.4

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

41.2
41.9
43.2
38.9
43.9
39.2

Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio

Feb.
1987

See footnotes at end of table.




109

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Average hourly earnings
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Average weekly earnings
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

Washington

40.0

40.3

40.2

$11.83

$11.70

$11.73

$473.20

$471.51

$471.55

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland ..
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

40.4
42.6
40.0
42.5
39.6

40.4
41.4
40.2
40.6
39.6

40.4
42.1
39.5
41.6
40.3

10.26
12.34
11.61
12.03
11.33

10.42
12.96
11.55
11.99
11.07

10.48
12.93
11.91
11.90
10.61

414.50
525.68
464.40
511.28
448.67

420.97
536.54
464.31
486.79
438.37

423.39
544.35
470.45
495.04
427.58

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh ...
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

41.2
42.7
39.7
42.1
41.7
40.2
40.3
40.9
40.9
39.3
39.5
40.1

41.0
42.4
39.3
41.4
39.2
37.9
40.0
40.1
41.3
40.6
41.6
41.4

41.2
42.5
40.0
40.5
39.3
40.5
39.4
40.6
41.6
40.0
41.4
41.6

10.45
10.31
10.36
11.43
12.56
11.22
9.23
9.94
11.66
10.97
9.68

10.58
10.72
10.55
11.43
12.39
11.68
9.19
9.89
11.80
10.96
9.79

10.59
10.77
10.61
11.39
12.40
12.10
9.20
9.92
11.77
11.03
9.75

430.54
440.24
411.29
481.20
523.75
451.04
371.97
406.55
476.89
431.12
382.36
394.18

433.78
454.53
414.62
473.20
485.69
442.67
367.60
396.59
487.34
444.98
407.26
407.79

436.31
457.73
424.40
461.30
487.32
490.05
362.48
402.75
489.63
441.20
403.65
409.34

9.83

9.85

9.84

Wyoming

38.6

38.5

38.8

370.95

376.15

374.42

9.61

9.77

9.65
206.06

210.90

214.38

5.27

5.38

5.40
411.23

413.69

0)

Puerto Rico

39.1

39.2

Virgin Islands

41.0

42.3

1

Not available.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

110




39.7

0

10.03

9.78

publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1986
benchmarks.

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Industry

Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
:
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government

Feb. 1987
to
Mar. 1987r

Mar. 1987
to
Apr. 1987P

1.7

-0.4

-0.7

156,257

2.4

-.4

1,618
9,998
40,820
24,266
16,554
11,057
11,694
28,097
12,383
40,613

1,621
9,975
40,435
24,052
16,383
11,021
11,713
28,351
12,480
40,661

-10.3
1.9
-.4
-1.3
1.0
2.5
-.2
4.5
5.6
4.2

-.7
-1.8

-.3
-.1
-.7
-.4
.0
.0

.2
-.2
-.9
-.9
-1.0
-.3
.2
.9
.8
.1

33,926

32,685

-1.5

-.2

-3.7

Feb.
1987r

Mar.
1987

Apr.
1987P

190,916

190,204

188,942

156,914

156,278

1,629
10,179
41,061
24,454
16,607
11,072
11,777
28,217
12,381
40,599
34,001

Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
p
= preliminary.
=revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,




Percent change
Apr. 1986
to
Apr. 1987P

nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2134-1,
chapter 13, Productivity Measures: Business Economy and Major Sectors.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

Ill

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
(1977 = 100)
Quarterly index

Annual average
1984

Item
1985

1986

1985

1987

1986r
III

IV

r

IV

IV

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

106.4
122.7
115.3
175.3
98.8
164.8
159.7
163.0

107.1
125.9
117.5
180.9
100.0
168.8
161.8
166.3

105.5
119.5
113.3
169.0
98.1
160.2
157.0
159.0

105.5
120.2
114.0
170.6
98.2
161.7
157.7
160.3

105.7
121.3
114.8
172.3
98.4
163.1
158.3
161.4

106.4
122.3
115.0
174.5
98.6
164.0
160.0
162.6

107.3
123.5
115.2
176.4
99.0
164.4
161.4
163.4

106.4
123.8
116.4
178.0
99.0
167.3
159.6
164.6

107.3
125.3
116.8
179.1
99.2
167.0
162.2
165.3

107.4
125.4
116.7
180.4
100.2
168.0
161.9
165.8

107.3
126.0
117.4
181.7
100.4
169.3
163.4
167.2

106.8
126.8
118.7
182.6
100.2
171.0
159.7
167.0

107.2
128.3
119.7
182.8
99.0
170.4
164.3
168.2

104.8
122.5
116.9
174.6
98.4
166.7
160.6
164.6

105.5
125.9
119.3
179.8
99.4
170.4
163.9
168.1

104.4
119.5
114.5
168.7
97.9
161.5
157.2
160.0

104.3
120.2
115.2
170.4
98.1
163.3
157.9
161.4

104.4
121.1
116.0
172.1
98.3
164.8
158.9
162.7

104.9
122.1
116.4
174.0
98.3
165.9
160.8
164.1

105.4
123.3
116.9
175.4
98.5
166.3
163.0
165.2

104.5
123.6
118.2
177.0
98.4
169.3
160.3
166.2

105.6
125.1
118.5
178.3
98.8
168.8
163.9
167.1

105.7
125.3
118.5
179.3
99.7
169.6
163.7
167.5

105.7
126.1
119.4
180.4
99.6
170.7
165.9
169.0

105.3
127.0
120.6
181.6
99.6
172.5
162.2
168.9

105.7
128.6
121.7
181.6
98.4
171.8
167.2
170.2

121.7
120.4
98.9
176.7
99.5
145.1

125.0
123.4
98.7
181.9
100.5
145.5

117.8
117.4

119.3
118.8

121.7
119.9

98.5
175.6

123.7
122.8
99.3
180.2

99.2
144.3

99.7
145.8

99.8
145.7

124.7
122.7
98.4
181.4
100.8
145.5

125.8
123.6
98.2
182.5
100.8
145.1

125.8
124.6
99.0
183.5
100.7
145.9

126.2
125.4

99.6
173.8
99.2
145.7

123.0
121.2
98.5
178.1
100.0
144.8

122.9
121.9
99.1
179.3

98.1
143.5

118.2
117.9
99.7
171.5
98.7
145.1

124.6
124.7
100.1
174.9
98.5
140.3

127.9
126.5
98.9
180.7
99.9
141.3

118.3
119.1
100.7
167.2
97.1
141.4

119.1
120.5
101.2
169.4
97.5
142.3

121.4
122.6
100.9
172.0
98.2
141.6

124.4
124.1
99.8
173.2
97.8
139.2

126.3
125.6
99.5
176.5
99.1
139.8

126.4
126.4
100.0
178.0
99.0
140.8

127.1
126.9
99.9
178.9

128.6
126.2
98.2
181.3
100.1
141.0

128.7
127.2
98.8
182.6
100.2
141.9

129.2
127.9
99.0
181.6

99.1
140.8

127.4
125.7
98.7
180.2
100.1
141.4

117.3
114.1
97.3
179.4
101.0
152.9

120.6
118.8
98.5
183.8
101.6
152.5

117.0
114.8
98.1
171.9

99.8
146.9

116.8
114.0
97.6
174.6
100.5
149.4

116.0
113.2
97.6
176.5
100.8
152.1

117.5
113.6
96.7
179.4
101.3
152.7

118.0
114.5
97.0
180.4
101.3
152.8

117.6
115.1
97.9
181.3
100.8
154.1

118.6
116.7
98.3
182.2
100.9
153.6

120.7
118.2
97.9
183.5
102.0
152.1

121.7
119.6
98.2
184.8
102.1
151.8

121.4
120.6
99.3
185.1
101.6
152.4

121.8
121.7
99.9
185.8
100.6
152.5

106.8
124.8
116.9
172.3
97.0
165.8
161.2
179.1
133.1
161.8

106.9
127.2
119.0
176.5
97.5
169.1
165.0
181.2
134.1
164.9

105.5
120.9
114,6
166.6
96.7
162.6
157.9
176.4
130.3
158.7

105.8
122.1
115.5
168.3
96.9
163.8
159.1
177.5
130.5
159.8

106.0
123.1
116.1
169.9
97.0
164.9
160.3
178.5
129.3
160.6

106.5
124.2
116.6
171.6
96.9
165.8
161.1
179.8
130.2
161.6

107.8
126.0
116.8
173.1
97.2
165.0
160.5
178.3
141.7
162.2

107.0
126.1
117.8
174.5
97.0
167.2
163.0
179.8
131.2
162.9

106.9
126.9
118.7
175.4
97.1
168.3
164.0
181.1
131.7
164.0

106.8
126.6
118.5
176.1
97.8
168.6
164.8
179.9
132.3
164.3

106.9
127.0
118.8
176.8
97.7
169.8
165.4
182.6
135.8
165.7

107.2
128.3
119.6
177.8
97.6
169.6
165.8
180.9
136.8
165.7

O
0
O
O
O
O
O
0
O
0

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

99.7
169.1

99.4
183.0
99.2
145.0

Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

98.4
140.6

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator
Not available.
= preliminary.

112




= revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted annual rates
Percent change Worn
Same quarter, previous year

Previous quarter

Item
IV
1985

1986

1986

1986

IV
1986r

-3.2
1.0
4.3
3.8
-.1
7.2
-4.3
3.0

3.3
4.7
1.4
2.5
.9
-.7
6.6
1.8

0.5
.3
-.2
2.8
4.2
2.3
-.7
1.2

-0.4
2.0
2.4
2.9
.4
3.3
3.7.
3.4

-2.0
2.4
4.6
2.0
-.6
4.2
-8.6
-.4

1.8
5.1
3.2
.4
-4.6
-1.4

-3.5
1.0
4.6
3.7
-.2
7.4
-6.6
2.4

4.3
5.1
.8
3.1
1.5
-1.2

-.3
2.6
2.9
2.3
-.1
2.6
5.5
3.6

-1.5
2.7
4.3
2.7
.0
4.2
-8.6
-.3

1.7
5.4
3.6
.1

9.3
2.3

.5
.6
.1
2.3
3.6
1.8
-.6
1.0

-.3
2.4
2.7
2.8
-1.1
3.0

2.6
3.0
.4
2.1
.5
-.5

3.2
-.4
-3.5
2.7
4.1
-.5

3.6
2.9
-.6
2.4
.0
-1.1

-.2
3.2
3.4
2.1
-.6
2.3

-5.9
-2.3

.5
2.7
2.2
3.3
-.5
2.8

2.1

1.5
-.6
2.2
.6
.1

1.0
-3.8
-4.8
2.8
4.1
1.7

3.7
1.8
-1.8
2.5
.0
-1.2

.4
3.1
2.6
3.0
.3
2.6

1.6
2.2
.6
-2.2
-7.1
-3.7

-1.1

-1.4
1.9
3.4
1.9
-1.9
3.4

3.5
5.6
2.0
2.2
.6
-1.3

7.0
5.3
-1.6
2.9
4.2
-3.9

3.6
4.8
1.2
2.7
.3
-.9

-1.1
3.5

1.2
3.7
2.4
1.5
-3.6
.2

.7
1.0
.3
3.8
.3
3.1

2.2
3.1
.8
3.3

-2.8
.5
3.4
3.3
-.5
5.5
6.3
3.3
-26.4

-.5
2.6
3.1
2.0
.4
2.7
2.5
3.1
1.3
2.5

-.3
-1.1
-.8
1.6
2.9
.6

.2
1.3
1.2
1.8
-.6
2.8
1.6
6.1
11.0
3.6

1.4
4.1
2.7
2.3
-.3
-.3

O
O
O

.9
3.2
2.2
3.2

.9
-3.6
2.8
.0

0

1.2
3.3
2.1
3.7
.2
2.1
2.4
1.3

1987P

IV
1985

I
1986

1986

III
1986

IV
1986r

I
1987P

0.9
3.0
2.1
4.4
.8
3.4
1.2
2.7

1.5
3.3
1.8
3.9
.8
2.4
2.5
2.4

1.0
2.5
1.6
3.4
1.7
2.4
1.2
2.0

0.0
2.0
2.0
3.0
1.3
3.0
1.2
2.4

0.3
2.4
2.0
2.6
1.2
2.2
.1
1.5

0.0
2.4
2.5
2.0
-.2
2.1
1.3
1.8

.2
2.8
2.6
3.9
.3
3.7
1.5
2.9

1.2
3.3
2.1
3.6
.5
2.5
3.1
2.7

.8
2.7
1.8
3.1
1.4
2.2
1.8
2.1

.2
2.3
2.1
2.8
1.2
2.6
1.7
2.3

.7
2.8
2.0
2.6
1.2
1.8
1.2
1.6

.1
2.8
2.7
1.8
-.4
1.7
2.0
1.8

4.0
3.4
-.6
4.5
1.0
.5

3.7
3.4
-.3
3.7

2.5
2.3
-.2
3.3
1.6
.8

2.3
2.0
-.3
2.5
.8
.2

2.3
2.2
-.1
2.3
1.0
.0

2.0
2.1
.1
1.6
-.7
-.4

6.2
5.0
-1.1
5.0
1.5

4.7
3.5
-1.1
4.1

2.4
1.3
-1.1
4.0
2.4
1.6

1.8
.5
-1.3
2.7

1.8
.6
-1.2

1.0
.9

1.2
.8

1.7
.8
-.9
1.5
-.7
-.2

2.7
4.0
1.3
2.3
.6
-.4

3.1
4.4
1.2
2.4
.8
-.7

3.2
4.8
1.5
2.1
.8
-1.1

2.7
4.3
1.6
1.9
-.3
-.7

.3
2.0
1.7
2.6
1.0
1.7
2.3
.0
1.6
1.7

-.9
.8

.2
1.7
1.5
1.9
.6
1.4
1.7
.7
4.2
1.7

O
O
O
O
0
O
O
0

Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

11.9
3.0

Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator

-4.9
-1.6
12.9
3.1

Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

1.4
2.8
1.3

-.9

Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

.9

2.6

Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Unit labor costs

4.6
.7
-1.9
1.8

.2
1.0

Nonfinancial corporations
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator
Not available.
=preliminary.




1.7

1.9

-2.7
2.0
.7

o
0
o

o1
()
0

.6
2.0

.1
2.1
2.3
1.5
1.8
2.1

1.7
2.2
.5
2.9
3.1
2.4
-4.2
2.1

o
o

=revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).

113

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Mar.
1987^

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

1,866.3
436.7
123.7
209.3
131.7
67.8

1,865.9
440.4
126.2
209.5
134.1
69.2

1,868.1
439.9
126.9
209.6
133.9
69.3

194.6
34.3
8.9
22.9
9.4
5.1

185.7
39.3
8.7
23.2
10.1
5.2

250.1

242.5

246.6

30.4

Arizona
Phoenix ..
Tucson ...

1,566.8
974.5
306.4

1,610.4
998.6
310.2

1,612.4
1,000.9
310.5

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock .....
Pine Bluff

1,060.4
54.1
86.0
248.2
36.7

1,064.6
54.4
87.4
253.8
36.8

13,256.5
1,241.4
224.3
281.5
4,051.0
143.4
1,006.3
319.4
849.5
637.6
148.8
1,007.6
871.2
809.7
178.1
177.3
181.9
174.6

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver

Connecticut

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987p

183.1
35.3
8.3
22.4
9.7
5.1

10.4
7.9
7.2
11.0
7.1
7.6

10.0
8.9
6.9
11.1
7.6
7.5

9.8
8.0
6.6
10.7
7.3
7.4

29.0

30.0

12.2

12.0

12.1

105.3
53.6
17.0

125.9
65.8
20.8

119.1
63.4
19.0

6.7
5.5
5.5

7.8
6.6
6.7

7.4
6.3
6.1

1,068.2
54.7
87.2
252.8
36.3

97.9
2.5
6.7
15.7
3.0

98.9
2.3
6.2
19.0
3.9

97.2
2.4
5.8
19.2
3.8

9.2
4.6
7.8
6.3
8.2

9.3
4.3
7.0
7.5
10.6

9.1
4.4
6.6
7.6
10.6

13,563.0
1,300.4
223.9
290.3
4,152.0
148.7
1,034.8
330.4
878.9
654.4
152.0
1,035.7
868.3
806.9
179.2
180.2
183.1
182.3

13,623.9
1,298.5
223.7
287.3
4,176.0
146.6
1,042.1
332.5
893.8
660.8
150.5
1,045.2
875.4
803.8
178.9
181.6
184.7
183.7

947.6
51.8
31.1
47.2
245.0
24.6
63.8
23.5
54.9
46.1
20.7
52.1
41.2
51.1
10.4
12.4
25.4
12.9

908.6
45.8
29.0
40.4
277.0
22.7
56.9
20.3
51.4
43.1
20.3
49.1
36.3
42.9
10.0
10.8
23.5
12.5

859.8
43.1
29.3
40.2
260.0
21.7
55.3
18.6
48.8
39.9
16.8
47.4
34.5
40.3
9.5
10.0
21.8
11.9

7.1
4.2
13.8
16.8
6.0
17.1
6.3
7.4
6.5
7.2
13.9
5.2
4.7
6.3
5.8
7.0
14.0
7.4

6.7
3.5
13.0
13.9
6.7
15.3
5.5
6.1
5.8
6.6
13.3
4.7
4.2
5.3
5.6
6.0
12.8
6.9

6.3
3.3
13.1
14.0
6.2
14.8
5.3
5.6
5.5
6.0
11.2
4.5
3.9
5.0
5.3
5.5
11.8
6.5

1,690.7
128.4
894.0

1,703.7
130.9
905.8

1,709.0
131.0
905.5

128.3
7.8
57.6

163.9
9.4
78.6

167.5
9.5
80.0

7.6
6.1
6.4

9.6
7.2
8.7

9.8
7.3
8.8

1,711.0
227.8
410.0
74.4
266.6
113.3
101.5

1,716.1
226.7
417.7
73.6
263.9
115.4
100.9

1,723.7
227.3
418.7
73.3
266.5
115.9
101.2

73.9
12.2
15.4
3.8
11.0
3.5
6.6

68.9
11.6
14.9
3.5
9.9
3.1
5.8

65.7
11.0
14.6
3.2
9.5
3.1
5.5

4.3
5.4
3.8
5.1
4.1
3.1
6.5

4.0
5.1
3.6
4.7
3.7
2.7
5.8

3.8
4.9
3.5
4.4
3.6
2.7
5.5

313.7
274.8

325.0
282.5

328.8
284.9

16.3
16.2

11.6
12.5

10.4
11.1

5.2
5.9

3.6
4.4

3.2
3.9

District of Columbia ...
Washington

321.7
2,000.1

331.3
2,048.9

333.1
2,079.0

25.8
72.6

26.7
80.7

25.0
76.7

8.0
3.6

8.1
3.9

7.5
3.7

Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ..
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
,
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach .

5,450.0
135.8
570.8
119.6
97.3
403.8
163.3
166.7
874.9
504.0
142.7
106.1
112.2
894.4
361.7

5,722.0
144.0
596.3
135.0
102.5
427.2
175.5
165.5
894.1
541.1
144.8
111.1
119.4
940.8
387.7

5,810.7
146.9
603.6
137.6
103.3
433.7
173.7
169.0
907.3
554.2
148.5
113.2
121.8
953.4
392.1

316.3
6.9
26.2
5.3
3.2
21.2
16.0
10.3
60.9
24.2
12.3
4.6
4.4
46.6
19.8

299.7
7.1
24.5
4.9
3.9
22.3
13.8
10.5
51.1
23.8
10.0
3.9
4.6
47.7
17.8

312.5
7.0
24.7
4.6
3.7
23.3
14.6
11.1
54.0
25.9
11.2
3.8
5.1
49.1
18.8

5.8
5.1
4.6
4.4
3.2
5.3
9.8
6.1
7.0
4.8
8.6
4.3
3.9
5.2
5.5

5.2
4.9
4.1
3.6
3.8
5.2
7.9
6.4
5.7
4.4
6.9
3.5
3.8
5.1
4.6

5.4
4.7
4.1
3.3
3.6
5.4
8.4
6.6
6.0
4.7
7.6
3.4
4.2
5.1
4.8

Alabama
Birmingham ..,Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery ...
Tuscaloosa ....
Alaska

California1
Anaheim-Santa Ana ..
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc .
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury
Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

114



STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Mar.
1986

Mar.
1987?

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

178.3
5.5
3.6
68.1
11.5
6.9
6.8
6.6

6.0
8.7
5.1
4.7
5.7
8.1
6.6
6.7

6.0
10.3
5.0
4.8
6.6
7.3
5.7
6.3

5.8
9.8
4.8
4.7
6.5
6.9
5.2
6.0

20.3
13.9

19.1
13.3

5.1
4.5

4.2
3.8

3.9
3.6

44.3
6.4

49.3
7.2

46.8
6.8

9.8
6.5

10.9
7.2

10.3
6.7

5,580.5
168.3
62.8
87.1
3,062.1
180.3
57.5
185.8
44.3
244.8
150.5
144.8
102.9

513.5
14.7
4.3
4.5
245.1
19.9
6.7
15.8
5.1
14.6
15.9
13.9
7.0

463.9
12.3
3.3
4.5
223.5
15.8
6.2
16.2
4.5
13.1
14.3
13.1
6.2

451.4
11.5
3.0
4.3
219.2
14.7
5.9
16.0
4.3
12.5
13.8
15.7
6.0

9.1
8.8
6.8
5.2
8.0
11.0
11.4
8.4
11.7
6.0
10.3
9.6
6.7

8.3
7.3
5.3
5.2
7.3
8.8
10.7
8.7
10.3
5.4
9.5
9.0
6.1

8.1
6.8
4.7
4.9
7.2
8.1
10.2
8.6
9.7
5.1
9.2
10.9
5.8

2,702.3
59.6
58.8
89.6
141.2
187.7
250.3
640.7
48.6
65.0
59.3
125.2
59.0

2,706.4
59.1
58.1
89.6
141.7
187.9
250.4
641.8
48.2
64.0
59.2
125.2
59.0

209.1
4.4
2.8
4.8
11.2
10.9
31.3
36.8
5.1
3.0
4.7
8.3
5.2

202.0
4.9
2.7
4.6
11.7
10.9
31.0
35.6
4.2
2.6
4.9
7.8
4.3

186.7
4.2
2.4
3.7
11.2
9.9
29.0
33.0
4.1
2.3
4.2
7.1
4.3

7.7
7.2
4.9
5.5
7.9
5.9
12.2
5.8
10.3
4.6
8.0
6.6
8.6

7.5
8.2
4.5
5.2
8.3
5.8
12.4
5.6
8.5
4.1
8.2
6.2
7.3

6.9
7.1
4.1
4.2
7.9
5.3
11.6
5.1
8.5
3.6
7.1
5.7
7.3

1,407.5
87.4
208.2
42.5
57.5
56.6
68.9

1,423.6
89.3
217.4
43.8
58.0
58.9
69.3

1,434.1
89.7
218.2
43.7
58.3
59.2
69.2

124.0
7.0
13.7
4.2
2.0
5.2
9.4

91.4
5.1
10.4
3.2
1.3
4.2
6.6

81.2
4.7
9.4
2.7
1.1
3.8
5.9

8.8
8.0
6.6
10.0
3.5
9.1
13.6

6.4
5.7
4.8
7.3
2.2
7.1
9.5

5.7
5.3
4.3
6.2
1.9
6.4
8.5

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita LMA

1,217.9
37.1
85.8
222.0

1,236.5
38.9
88.7
228.0

1,249.3
39.3
89.8
230.9

73.0
1.5
4.7
13.4

73.6
1.7
4.8
14.5

67.7
1.6
4.5
13.2

6.0
4.0
5.5
6.0

6.0
4.3
5.4
6.4

5.4
4.0
5.0
5.7

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,663.0
175.3
485.0
45.6

1,676.2
176.4
484.3
44.6

1,670.7
175.3
484.2
44.3

173.0
9.7
39.0
5.6

192.2
11.8
40.9
6.4

184.6
11.0
39.9
6.0

10.4
5.5
8.0
12.3

11.5
6.7
8.5
14.3

11.0
6.3
8.2
13.6

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,987.4
59.8
263.3
78.3
110.8
76.4
69.8
609.4
169.3

1,948.7
60.7
261.7
75.1
101.9
72.9
69.1
594.1
165.4

1,936.1
60.6
260.8
74.2
101.2
72.1
69.1
589.9
164.7

243.4
6.1
28.0
11.3
12.2
10.7
7.0
61.6
19.9

280.9
7.2
30.4
15.9
16.2
10.8
8.2
68.0
22.5

260.8
6.7
27.7
14.8
15.0
9.9
7.6
63.6
21.3

12.2
10.3
10.6
14.4
11.0
14.0
10.1
10.1
11.7

14.4
11.8
11.6
21.1
15.9
14.8
11.8
11.4
13.6

13.5
11.0
10.6
19.9
14.8
13.7
11.1
10.8
12.9

536.5
39.9
111.4

533.9
39.2
112.7

540.8
39.3
113.9

33.5
3.2
3.5

31.3
2.6
3.4

29.9
2.5
3.3

6.2
8.0
3.2

5.9
6.5
3.0

5.5
6.2
2.9

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

2,951.3
55.8
71.2
1,368.8
170.7
98.0
126.1
105.2

3,052.9
56.1
73.6
1,448.3
176.2
98.9
127.8
110.0

3,084.8
56.8
74.8
1,463.4
176.9
99.6
129.2
110.8

178.4
4.9
3.6
64.0
9.7
7.9
8.4
7.0

183.4
5.8
3.7
69.9
11.6
7.2
7.3
7.0

Hawaii
Honolulu

485.4
364.3

487.1
365.1

495.2
372.2

24.7
16.5

Idaho
Boise City

452.9
98.7

450.8
100.4

454.6
100.6

Illinois1
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

5,625.1
167.4
63.3
86.0
3,066.9
181.8
59.3
188.2
44.1
243.6
154.2
144.6
104.5

5,561.0
169.1
62.4
85.6
3,051.0
179.8
57.5
185.7
43.3
242.0
151.2
144.9
102.6

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,706.7
60.7
56.8
87.0
143.0
185.1
257.6
630.4
49.8
64.5
59.2
124.4
61.0

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Maine
Lewiston-Aubum
Portland

...

Feb.
1987

See footnotes at end of table.




115

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

War.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

Maryland
Baltimore

2,312.8
1,130.8

2,363.7
1,147.1

2,392.9
1,158.0

115.5
65.1

128.1
67.2

Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

3,030.7
1,509.9
95.1
76.3
47.7
184.5
149.8
84.9
40.1
246.2

3,001.6
1,497.9
94.5
75.8

3,048.5
1,520.8
96.5
76.8
45.2
180.4
147.2
84.1
40.8

Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area
Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987^

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

119.0
62.6

5.0
5.8

5.4
5.9

5.0
5.4

117.4
47.0
4.0
5.6
2.3
8.0
5.9
6.0
1.7
10.0
7.4

136.0
55.3
4.7
6.4
2.7
9.1
6.5
6.7
2.1
11.3
8.7

4.3
3.5
4.5
8.1
4.8
5.2
4.0
7.8
4.9
4.7
3.9

3.9
3.1
4.2
7.4
5.1
4.5
4.0
7.3
4.3
4.1
3.6

4.5
3.6
4.9
8.4
5.9
5.1
4.4
8.0
5.2
4.5
4.2

375.6
6.9
4.7
6.0

9.6
5.1
9.9
9.6
8.6

8.9
4.7
8.2
8.6
8.2
10.8
7.2
8.8
5.5
6.8
12.2
10.7

8.4
4.4
7.6
7.9
8.0
9.6
6.3
7.9
5.2
6.4
11.2
10.4

246.0
206.7

249.6
209.8

4,311.7
148.9
60.4
74.0

4,431.0
155.4
61.6
2,162.4
200.3
332.5

414.2
7.6
6.0
7.1
179.8
20.1
25.4
6.1
6.7
17.6
7.8
19.7

392.9
7.2
5.0

2,079.9

,...,

130.3
53.4
4.3
6.2
2.3
9.7
6.0
6.6
2.0
11.5
8.1

178.2
21.7
24.0
5.5
6.1
16.0
8.3
19.5

174.1
19.3
21.0

15.1
7.6
19.1

10.2
7.8
10.0
6.1
7.7
11.8
11.0

141.1
12.1
62.5
2.7

6.5

134.2
11.4
58.4
2.5
6.2

6.9
12.4
5.1
5.0
7.6

6.4
12.1
4.8
4.7
7.2

6.1
11.4
4.4
4.4
6.9

206.7

44.9
178.0

145.8
82.6
39.8

61.1
108.9
227.8
66.5
178.4

62.0
112.4
235.3
67.6
182.9

4,463.2
157.0
62.2
75.8
2,180.2
200.0
334.3
62.2
113.5
236.7
67.5
184.4

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

2,164.4
100.1
1,285.6
55.0
85.8

2,193.9
100.1
1,308.1
56.5
90.3

2,212.1
100.3
1,320.1
57.0
90.9

149.1
12.4
66.0

Mississippi
Jackson

1,154.1
193.1

1,147.3
193.7

1,156.8
195.7

132.6
14.7

139.5
16.5

128.4
15.0

11.5
7.6

12.2
8.5

11.1
7.7

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

2,483.4
789.2
41.2
1,220.3
114.0

2,516.3
807.8
40.5
1,234.1
117.8

2,543.9

170.7
41.6

160.9
42.2

1,239.9
118.2

165.2
40.7
3.6
89.1
5.8

3.4
93.0
6.2

3.2
87.6
5.6

6.7
5.2
8.8
7.3
5.1

6.8
5.2
8.4
7.5
5.3

6.3
5.2
7.8
7.1
4.7

Montana

400.5

401.9

405.9

39.4

39.1

35.7

9.8

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

790.8
116.6
310.8

792.2
116.8
314.7

805.1
118.5
316.8

48.2
4.2
19.1

46.4
4.5
17.9

45.9
4.6
17.7

6.1
3.6
6.1

5.9
3.8
5.7

5.7
3.9
5.6

Nevada
Las Vegas ..
Reno

527.6
303.7
133.4

553.8
322.5
138.0

559.7
326.3
139.2

35.4
20.2
8.1

35.5
20.1
8.6

35.5
20.5
8.4

6.7
6.7
6.1

6.4
6.2
6.2

6.3
6.3
6.0

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester

544.3
89.9
117.5

556.0
91.4
122.8

566.9
93.4
124.3

18.5
3.0
3.6

15.2
2.4
3.5

15.0
2.4
3.3

3.4
3.3
3.0

2.7
2.6
2.9

2.6
2.6
2.6

3,818.3
159.2
694.3
263.6
525.8
434.4
952.7
166.2
55.9

3,894.6
164.2
704.0
269.4
534.2
447.9
966.5
170.3
57.1

3,949.7
167.4
714.4
272.0
543.3
456.4
976.0
173.2
57.9

188.4
12.7

187.7
13.0

31.4
20.3

29.9

169.0
11.3
27.7
18.4
16.1

16.4
42.2
6.3
4.9

4.9
8.0
4.5
7.7
3.6
4.1
5.1
4.2
10.1

4.8
7.9
4.3
7.3
3.4
4.2
4.8
4.2
9.7

4.3
6.8
3.9
6.8
3.0
3.6
4.3
3.7
8.5

660.5
249.6
53.0
61.3

668.7
256.8
54.7
63.4

674.6
259.2

62.0

55.8
64.6

4.1
3.5

62.2
15.9
4.0
3.8

9.4
6.4
7.7
5.8

9.6
6.3
7.1
6.3

9.2
6.1
7.2
5.9

New Jersey1
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ...,
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark ...
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
See footnotes at end of table.

116




198.1

327.6

,

75.1

812.9

40.9

2.8
6.6

18.7
17.8
48.3
7.1

5.6
16.0

6.4

19.7
18.2
18.7
46.4
7.1
5.5

64.5
16.2
3.9
4.0

4.9
5.9

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

450.1
18.9
6.4
27.8
2.2
3.4
49.9
212.5
192.0
5.9
3.9
25.0
21.9
9.2

7.3
6.3
8.1
8.8
8.7
9.9
4.8
7.3
7.9
6.7
4.5
6.6
8.7
9.5

5.6
4.7
5.5
6.6
6.4
6.3
3.9
5.5
6.0
4.9
3.3
5.4
7.1
7.3

5.3
4.6
5.1
6.4
5.6
6.9
3.6
5.4
5.8
4.7
3.1
5.1
6.9
6.9

181.4
5.2
26.1
22.9
13.2

159.8
4.6
23.9
20.8
12.4

5.7
5.2
4.9
4.9
3.2

5.6
6.1
4.3
4.5
3.3

4.9
5.4
3.9
4.1
3.1

26.0
3.9
4.3
1.7

19.5
2.8
3.4
1.3

19.5
2.2
3.5
1.2

8.1
8.8
5.4
4.8

6.3
6.4
4.2
3.7

6.0
5.0
4.3
3.5

5,153.6
314.4
185.7
725.7
913.5
674.0
457.6
306.9
220.4

414.8
26.1
20.2
45.5
66.5
39.2
29.6
23.8
22.6

472.8
29.2
21.6
51.6
73.4
45.9
33.5
28.1
26.8

405.1
25.1
18.1
51.9
63.4
39.2
27.7
24.4
22.4

7.9
8.1
10.6
6.3
7.1
5.8
6.4
7.8
10.1

9.1
9.2
11.4
7.1
8.0
6.8
7.2
9.1
11.9

7.9
8.0
9.7
7.1
6.9
5.8
6.1
7.9
10.2

1,562.4
29.5
47.0
499.7
357.2

1,568.4
29.7
47.5
501.3
357.1

127.4
2.4
2.4
32.0
29.0

135.7
2.6
2.6
34.3
33.7

133.0
2.6
2.5
34.6
32.7

8.0
7.6
4.9
6.2
8.2

8.7
8.8
5.6
6.9
9.4

8.5
8.6
5.2
6.9
9.2

1,322.1
131.0
601.9
120.2

1,359.4
135.6
623.5
124.5

1,349.4
134.7
619.2
123.4

128.9
13.0
46.9
11.6

101.2
9.0
36.9
9.6

93.0
8.1
34.7
8.9

9.8
9.9
7.8
9.7

7.4
6.6
5.9
7.7

6.9
6.0
5.6
7.2

5,634.7
323.4
58.7
66.8
128.9
301.1
95.6
204.7
2,350.7
954.8
169.8
345.0
49.5
57.9
56.0
206.9

5,427.2
303.5
55.6
60.2
123.1
296.5
90.9
201.8
2,316.8
917.7
163.9
330.7
47.5
56.8
53.9
198.6

5,445.5
304.1
56.1
60.2
123.9
297.6
90.8
202.5
2,330.8
922.4
164.0
330.8
48.4
56.3
54.5
199.2

447.1
29.2
6.6
9.8
11.7
17.3
12.7
8.2
132.3
86.5
13.5
32.3
4.5
4.0
4.9
13.0

349.0
16.3
4.8
6.7
10.5
11.5
9.3
5.7
114.3
73.4
8.5
27.0
4.5
3.1
3.9
8.7

339.5
15.4
4.7
6.3
10.7
11.7
8.9
5.6
110.0
71.1
8.4
26.2
4.2
3.0
3.8
8.4

7.9
9.0
11.2
14.7
9.1
5.7
13.3
4.0
5.6
9.1
7.9
9.4
9.1
7.0
8.8
6.3

6.4
5.4
8.7
11.1
8.5
3.9
10.2
2.8
4.9
8.0
5.2
8.2
9.4
5.5
7.3
4.4

6.2
5.1
8.3
10.5
8.6
3.9
9.8
2.8
4.7
7.7
5.1
7.9
8.7
5.4
7.0
4.2

502.5
164.2
327.9

504.9
163.4
329.9

506.0
164.6
330.5

23.9
9.1
15.2

23.6
9.0
14.8

21.9
8.8
13.8

4.8
5.6
4.6

4.7
5.5
4.5

4.3
5.4
4.2

1,582.9
212.3
219.2
313.1

1,594.0
217.9
218.7
318.6

1,601.4
219.7
220.1
320.2

103.4
9.7
8.3
17.7

100.1
10.9
9.0
16.2

101.7
11.2
9.1
16.6

6.5
4.6
3.8
5.7

6.3
5.0
4.1
5.1

6.4
5.1
4.1
5.2

333.5
36.1
67.7

333.5
37.5
68.8

341.8
37.9
69.3

18.6
2.0
3.5

15.7
1.8
2.7

15.5
1.7
2.5

5.6
5.5
5.2

4.7
4.7
3.9

4.5
4.6
3.5

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987p

New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome

8,309.7
404.1
125.3
431.0
38.4
48.8
1,363.0
3,890.6
3,246.0
122.5
123.1
485.8
309.7
132.4

8,389.1
413.5
126.1
440.5
39.9
50.2
1,408.9
3,864.0
3,195.0
126.2
125.6
493.6
319.8
134.7

8,449.7
412.0
124.8
437.7
39.5
49.7
1,402.4
3,954.2
3,289.0
125.9
124.9
487.8
317.3
133.2

603.6
25.5
10.1
37.7
3.4
4.8
66.1
285.6
258.0
8.2
5.6
32.0
27.0
12.6

466.3
19.6
7.0
29.2
2.6
3.2
54.7
213.7
191.0
6.2
4.1
26.5
22.7
9.8

North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

3,142.3
83.8
589.1
497.2
377.5

3,259.5
86.1
610.9
512.1
396.3

3,238.9
85.8
611.1
510.4
394.4

178.4
4.4
29.1
24.4
11.9

322.7
43.6
80.0
34.1

312.0
42.8
82.0
34.5

323.4
43.3
83.1
35.3

Ohio1 ...
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
You ngstown-Warren

5,233.3
322.3
191.7
720.2
932.5
672.5
463.7
306.5
223.2

5,204.5
318.0
189.2
726.9
921.8
678.0
462.2
309.3
224.2

Oklahoma
Enid ...
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa .

1,591.7
31.7
4.8.2
517.3
353.4

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie ....
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York ..

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

...

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

Mar.
1987P

Mar.
1986

Mar.
1986

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

...

Feb.
1987

See footnotes at end of table.




117

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

2,266.6
198.7
208.1
271.8
422.4
495.6

2,308.0
202.0
209.7
275.3
435.2
508.5

2,313.5
202.6
211.9
276.0
434.6
508.0

196.0
15.2
17.3
23.7
30.4
24.9

187.7
13.6
16.5
23.5
28.4
25.9

8,024.8
55.6
97.6
417.2
161.8
80.0
95.5
57.3
162.5
1 379 3
217.2
631.3
106.6
1,606.0
86.2
43.9
79.8
107.6
144.6
52.4
59.6
45.0
562.5
46.9
56.1
74.9
37.4
88.7
56.0

8,226.3
55.8
99.2
436.2
161.1
80.5
95.6
57.4
167.5
1 420 4
228.2
668.5
105.9
1,596.0
90.4
46.3
80.4
111.6
148.8
51.4
58.1
45.9
595.3
49.3
56.8
77.5
38.1
92.8
57.7

8,106.8
55.0
97.6
431.7
157.7
79.4
93.3
57.1
165.4
1 404 9
224.3
660.9
104.3
1,570.7
89.0
45.0
78.2
110.0
143.2
50.3
56.6
45.3
587.1
48.4
56.1
75.1
37.5
91.5
56.8

677.1
4.6
6.5

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen

745.0
97.6
491.3

756.9
97.6
503.1

Vermont
Burlington

286.9
71.6

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
Washington
Seattle

Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis LMA
Nashville
Texas1

. . . .

Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston—Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple . . . . . .
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Manetta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming...
1

. ...
. .

.

...




Mar.
1986

Mar.
1986

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987P

176.1
12.9
16.7
22.3
26.9
24.3

8.6
7.7
8.3
8.7
7.2
5.0

8.1
6.8
7.9
8.5
6.5
5.1

7.6
6.4
7.9
8.1
6.2
4.8

758.6

668.4

5.2
6.8

4.6
5.9

23.0
23.6

28.3
21.8

25.9
19.3

8.4
8.2
6.6
5.5

9.2
9.3
6.9
6.5

8.2
8.5
6.1
6.0

8.6

7.4

16.5

15.0

12.8

14.6
10.3
17.2

13.5
10.6
15.7

12.2

8.2
3.5

3.5

3.2

6.1

6.1

5.6

17.7
73.8
24.6
37.2
11.6
148.6

21.4
89.3
26.1
49.0
12.0
161.2

18.7
80.9
22.8
41.7
10.7
141.8

10.9

12.8

11.3

6.5
7.7
9.2
7.5

7.3
8.6
9.4
7.3

6.5
7.3
8.1
6.6

31.6

30.5

4.3
6.2
3.0

Feb.
1987

Mar.
1987?

9.4

13.8

5.4

6.3

5.8

11.3

11.4

10.2

5.9

7.3

6.3

10.9

11.3
10.1

10.3

9.3
7.6

8.1

9.0
7.3

17.4
11.5

18.6
11.7

16.3
10.3

7.0

6.6

6.0

25.8

21.8

18.0

5.4
8.5
3.1

4.7
7.2
2.8

10.3

20.5
10.6
14.6

38.1

48.8

44.7

3.1
5.5
6.1
3.4
6.3
4.5

4.1
5.2
8.1
3.9
7.3
5.1

3.7
4.8
6.4
3.4
6.9
4.4

6.7
8.2
8.3
9.2

7.9
8.8

6.2
7.6
7.7
8.6
8.5
9.0
7.5
7.7

762.0
98.8
505.0

47.0

57.5

55.7

6.2

9.1

8.7

28.0

33.0

31.9

6.3
6.3
5.7

7.6
9.3
6.6

7.3
8.8
6.3

294.3
72.3

295.1
72.9

16.9

14.9

13.9

2.9

2.4

2.5

5.9
4.0

5.1
3.3

4.7
3.4

2,845.2
61.5
50.7
69.3
564.1
404.7
114.9

2,873.1
62.6
49.7
69.5
567.6
412.6
116.8

2,901.6
64.2
49.9
70.0
572.8
416.2
117.2

154.7

156.4

150.0

2.5
5.6
4.8

2.2
4.4
4.5

2.5
4.4
4.7

5.4
4.1

29.0
18.2

30.6
19.2

30.4
16.5

5.1

5.7

5.1

7.0
5.1
4.5
4.5

5.4
3.6
8.8
6.5
5.4
4.6
4.9

5.2
4.0
8.8
6.7
5.3
4.0
4.4

2,127.0
934.5

2,161.2
968.5

2,181.8
972.8

190.1
63.6

204.2
67.6

202.3
69.1

8.9
6.8

9.5
7.0

9.3
7.1

741.9
115.6
126.8
72.2
72.5

744.1
116.5
126.7
72.3
71.2

740.3
116.8
127.0
71.9
70.8

100.4
12.3
15.3

93.8
11.6
16.8

84.4
10.5
16.0

12.6

11.4

8.7
9.0

8.6
8.1

7.3
7.1

13.5
10.6
12.1
12.1
12.4

2,350.6
156.0
65.7
98.9
67.8
53.1
49.9
201.2
703.1
83.9
50.8
55.5

2,416.5
158.7
70.4
101.6
68.9
52.8
51.2
205.9
721.4
84.4
52.9
58.3

2,421.7
160.4
71.5
102.1
68.8
52.5
51.5
207.2
723.6
85.3
52.8
58.5

202.2
12.5

194.1
12.4

182.1
11.9

5.4
6.9
6.6
7.5
3.6

5.5
7.8
6.1
5.5
3.3

10.5
48.5

10.1
45.2

5.2
7.1
5.7
4.6
3.3
9.3

43.2

8.4
3.8
5.3

7.1
3.8
5.5

6.7
3.3
5.1

10.0

245.1

239.5

239.7

23.6

26.2

25.4

Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1986 have been

118

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

benchmarked to
11 States and
provisional and
available. Area
publication.

8.2
6.7
6.8
6.7
9.8
8.1
9.1
7.1
8.1

11.0

10.5
10.3

9.3

12.6

9.9

9.0

13.3
11.9
11.3

12.6
10.1
10.0

8.6
8.0
8.3
6.9
9.7

8.0
7.8
7.8
7.6
8.9

14.1

10.3

7.2
5.2
6.9
7.6
9.5

6.4
4.9
6.3
8.4
7.1
9.5

7.5
7.4
7.3
7.0
8.4
8.7
6.5
4.5
6.0
7.9
6.2
8.8

9.6

11.0

10.6

1986 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the
2 areas designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1987 are
will be revised when new benchmark information becomes
definitions are published annually in the May issue of this




Annual Averages
States and Areas

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)

Constructior

Mining

Total
State and area

1984

1985

1986

1,387.7
356.2
105.2
151.5
113.0
52.2

1,427.1
369.4
111.5
156.9
116.3
54.0

1,461.4
381.0
116.9
158.2
121.2
56.4

225.7

230.7

1,181.9
770.8
214.5

1985

1984

1984

1986

1985

1986

.1
2.6

14.5
7.5
.1
.9
.1
2.9

12.4
6.2
.1
.6
.1
2.8

64.8
19.4
4.0
10.2
6.5
2.3

71.4
21.2
4.3
11.8
7.6
2.5

75.4
23.3
4.8
10.4
9.2
2.8

222.1

8.7

9.5

9.0

20.4

18.6

13.2

1,278.6
842.4
231.9

1,341.4
883.5
240.7

13.1
.7
3.4

11.9
.6
2.3

10.9
.6
1.7

97.0
67.1
18.3

112.1
79.0
21.0

113.6
78.9
21.9

780.2
41.9
66.6
214.2
30.5

797.1
43.4
69.6
221.2
31.1

813.9
44.4
72.2
224.4
33.1

4.4

33.7
1.6
3.0
11.0
1.2

35.3
1.9
3.0
11.7
1.6

36.0
1.9
3.0
11.4
3.2

10,573.8
950.7
148.1
186.3
3,723.5
89.0
735.0
177.8
482.0
465.8
95.5
733.5
902.5
776.6
134.2
108.5
125.9
108.9

10,979.1
999.1
154.3
191.5
3,825.1
93.5
767.1
186.4
524.8
494.5
100.1
783.9
917.4
782.7
138.6
114.4
131.5
114.4

11,271.6
1,042.2
156.2
195.5
3,913.7
98.0
788.9
193.2
561.2
518.2
102.7
821.8
922.3
768.4
143.9
117.8
135.0
120.8

50.0
3.9
15.6
1.1
12.6
.1
2.0
3.4
1.3
.8
.3
.6
2.5
.2
1.5
.7
.1
.4

49.9
3.1
16.4
1.0
12.4
.1
2.1
3.3
1.3
.9
.5
.8
1.9
.1
1.5
.6
.1
.4

42.5
2.3
13.6
.7
10.9
.1
2.5
3.1
1.2
.8
.5
.8
1.1
.2
1.4
.6
.1
.3

445.2
44.2
8.2
10.5
109.0
5.2
41.5
8.1
32.6
23.1
3.5
41.4
29.8
30.1
6.1
6.5
6.7
6.0

496.2
50.5
9.4
11.4
120.9
6.0
44.8
9.4
38.4
27.3
3.8
47.5
32.2
33.0
6.4
7.2
7.3
7.0

521.5
53.6
9.8
11.7
127.6
6.2
45.0
10.4
43.4
30.4
4.1
52.0
33.3
31.0
6.4
7.9
8.1
7.6

Colorado
.
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,402.3
106.4
804.7

1,418.7
103.8
817.5

1,402.2
103.4
805.3

35.9
.3
23.4

32.9
.3
21.5

27.4
.3
17.7

89.9
5.1
50.2

86.3
4.8
48.6

76.4
4.2
42.5

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

1,520.5
185.0
428.6
61.0
231.1
116.7
84.4

1,562.3
189.4
442.1
62.7
237.5
120.8
84.8

1,601.6
192.8
459.6
65.0
243.6
122.5
84.6

1.6

60.8
6.2
14.7
2.7
9.8
4.5
3.2

65.6
7.3
16.0
3.1
10.8
5.2
3.6

70.6
7.7
18.2
3.7
12.1
5.2
3.9

280.0
245.3

293.4
256.4

303.0
261.6

.1
.2

.1
.2

.1
.2

16.9
18.2

17.6
18.8

18.9
17.9

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

613.8
1,805.4

631.2
1,908.5

640.6
1,986.1

1
1.1

.1
1.1

.1
1.0

11.5
96.8

13.6
110.9

13.8
120.8

Florida
....
Daytona Beach
. .
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota.
Tallahassee
Tampa-St Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

4,208.7
94.5
407.6
87.3
82.0
339.6
127.6
127.1
768.2
385.1
112.8
88.3
93.5
693.6
268.3

4,410.0
101.0
426.4
94.0
85.9
359.1
133.0
135.9
782.6
413.5
117.1
93.0
97.9
732.4
284.8

4,589.6
106.2
440.9
100.3
89.6
373.3
134.1
138.2
797.3
444.4
120.7
96.8
102.3
760.4
300.9

10.2
(1)
.3
(1)
1
()
.6
4.9
1
()
.9

9.5

318.4
6.7
33.5
10.4
4.6
24.7
8.7
8.4
38.9
30.9
8.9
9.6
4.6
58.0
25.2

334.3
7.4
35.9
11.1
4.7
26.6
8.7
9.5
39.1
32.7
9.5
10.1
5.0
60.9
27.2

339.7
7.9
36.5
11.8
4.6
27.7
8.3
9.0
39.7
34.2
10.3
10.0
5.3
61.4
27.9

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville... .. ..
Mobile
Montgomery..
Tuscaloosa

.
. . . .

. . ..

Alaska
Arizona ..
Phoenix
Tucson .
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Spnngdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno .
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Mana-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington

.

See footnotes at end of table.

120




....

.

.

....

.

14.2
7.4
.1

0

5.6

O

5.5
(1)
1.3
.4

1.2
.4
(1)

(1)

2
(1)

.3
.7

1

1.6

O
V)
()
(1)

(1)

.2

V)

.3
(1)

.3
.6
(1)

()

.5

(1)

.3
.8
1

()

1.0
.4

(1)

1.5
(1)

O

10.1

0)

(1)
.4

.4
(1)
(1)

O
()
.5
4.7

.9

.8

0

,4

(1)
(1)
.7

(1)

O
(1)
.6

(1)

.5
4.2

(1)

(1)

(1)

.4

7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
1984

1985

Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
public utilities

State and area
1986

1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

1986

359.8
53.7
30.0
25.5
17.4
8.1

358.1
55.2
30.9
25.9
16.8
8.3

357.5
54.2
30.8
26.2
17.6
8.9

72.1
29.3
2.3
9.6
4.5
1.8

72.7
29.2
2.4
9.7
4.7
2.0

71.5
27.5
2.6
9.5
4.7
2.0

291.3
86.1
19.4
39.9
25.4
10.8

305.6
90.1
21.3
41.2
25.9
11.0

320.4
95.7
22.3
43.0
27.2
11.6

11.3

12.1

12.4

19.2

18.7

18.2

44.5

45.8

44.3

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

172.8
125.5
28.9

181.6
131.1
31.4

184.2
131.9
31.6

59.9
38.7
8.9

62.9
41.0
9.4

66.4
44.0
9.5

286.3
194.2
47.5

311.1
212.7
51.6

325.2
222.1
54.0

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

213.0
9.5
22.7
34.0
5.8

209.6
9.6
23.7
33.8
5.8

212.1
9.8
24.7
32.4
6.0

45.4
3.3
3.2
14.3
3.3

47.2
3.7
3.3
14.9
3.0

48.3
3.9
3.6
14.8
2.8

172.9
9.9
14.8
50.6
6.2

180.7
10.5
15.5
53.6
6.4

184.4
10.6
15.6
54.8
6.5

2,065.5
237.6
10.3
21.4
885.3
19.7
103.0
29.1
63.9
33.1
8.6
116.0
85.4
291.6
23.7
17.8
21.1
10.4

2,076.1
241.9
10.3
21.1
887.1
20.4
102.8
29.6
69.8
35.1
9.0
121.6
80.5
283.0
23.4
18.1
21.5
11.1

2,063.9
242.3
10.2
20.8
886.5
21.7
101.7
29.0
74.0
37.9
9.4
122.0
77.9
265.9
24.1
18.0
21.7
12.1

554.6
31.3
7.6
10.3
197.6
4.4
46.3
7.1
27.6
23.4
4.7
30.5
85.1
21.8
5.4
5.3
8.3
4.3

568.7
33.1
8.2
10.0
200.9
4.4
50.4
7.9
29.4
23.8
4.9
31.6
83.5
22.2
5.5
5.7
8.7
4.4

576.1
34.1
8.2
10.3
202.7
4.3
54.5
9.2
30.6
23.7
4.9
32.1
80.3
21.3
5.4
5.5
8.6
4.5

2,507.4
236.0
38.5
48.0
866.3
22.6
185.1
44.4
123.7
113.7
26.4
173.4
202.8
144.1
31.4
27.7
29.2
25.8

2,626.1
249.9
39.0
49.4
894.9
23.6
194.4
47.5
132.8
121.8
27.5
186.9
211.4
149.4
33.2
29.5
30.6
27.1

2,712.6
260.8
40.1
50.3
923.8
24.5
199.1
48.9
140.7
127.2
27.5
197.6
214.5
150.7
34.1
30.8
31.8
29.1

195.3
34.3
100.0

192.2
29.4
101.3

185.3
28.2
96.8

87.2
2.6
61.3

88.5
2.4
63.2

87.7
2.3
62.8

345.9
20.9
202.3

352.1
22.0
204.8

348.9
22.8
203.7

415.3
63.5
92.7
23.8
48.7
29.8
29.2

408.3
62.8
93.3
22.7
47.9
28.3
28.2

395.5
60.5
92.8
22.3
47.2
25.6
25.3

66.6
7.3
15.8
3.1
17.6
4.7
3.0

68.4
7.4
16.6
3.2
17.6
4.8
3.1

68.8
7.5
17.0
3.2
17.5
4.9
3.1

332.8
41.2
91.5
11.3
52.3
27.2
16.3

347.4
43.2
94.6
12.1
54.9
28.8
16.2

358.4
44.8
97.2
12.9
56.7
29.1
16.6

Delaware
Wilmington

70.6
62.4

72.2
62.1

68.3
58.1

11.9
11.7

12.0
13.0

12.5
13.5

61.9
50.9

64.4
52.9

67.8
55.4

District of Columbia
Washington MSA

14.5
77.3

14.8
81.7

15.5
85.4

26.1
83.0

25.4
88.7

24.4
93.5

62.5
358.3

62.7
379.5

62.8
400.6

501.8
10.7
43.7
4.4
5.5
35.9
22.4
26.5
95.4
45.5
12.4
7.2
3.8
88.7
35.1

514.4
12.1
43.8
4.6
5.3
37.2
21.9
27.4
94.2
48.1
11.9
7.6
4.0
91.5
37.6

516.9
12.2
43.1
5.1
5.4
37.5
21.3
27.4
93.1
51.1
11.2
8.0
4.4
90.0
36.7

241.1
3.3
21.3
4.1
1.7
26.8
6.0
5.3
70.2
20.1
6.2
3.4
2.8
36.1
10.4

243.0
3.3
21.0
4.2
1.7
26.9
6.0
5.6
68.2
21.7
6.3
3.5
2.8
36.9
10.6

245.0
3.3
21.2
4.7
1.7
26.8
6.0
5.7
67.3
23.3
6.1
3.5
2.8
37.2
10.9

1,121.4
27.0
118.9
25.7
18.0
90.9
33.3
27.9
201.4
104.7
27.5
26.2
19.7
189.5
70.5

1,184.8
28.9
124.9
28.3
18.8
97.0
36.3
30.3
208.1
108.8
29.1
27.8
21.0
202.3
73.7

1,239.3
30.7
130.5
29.7
19.9
100.0
37.3
31.7
212.2
115.2
31.4
28.8
21.5
209.8
78.6

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco ..
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

.....

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola ..
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
See footnotes at end of table.




121

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

State and area

1984

1985

Government

Services

1986

1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

1986

Alabama
Birmingham ..
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery ..
Tuscaloosa ..

62.8
25.0
2.9
7.5
6.6
1.6

65.8
26.6
3.2
7.8
7.0
1.8

69.0
28.3
3.4
7.7
7.2
2.0

229.3
77.5
18.8
31.1
22.4
7.0

243.1
81.8
21.2
32.6
23.2
7.3

258.2
86.9
24.7
33.4
24.0
7.6

293.4
57.8
27.7
26.7
30.1
18.0

295.9
57.8
28.1
27.0
31.0
18.2

Alaska ...

12.2

12.8

12.6

43.0

44.8

44.2

66.5

68.3

68.2

Arizona ....
Phoenix .
Tucson...

72.1
56.3
10.1

81.0
63.5
11.5

89.1
70.3
12.3

273.2
185.1
50.4

299.9
202.9
56.2

325.9
218.9
61.1

207.5
103.2
47.0

218.1
111.7
48.3

226.1
116.9
48.6

Arkansas
.
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock .
Pine Bluff

35.6
1.5
2.5
14.7
1.5

36.5
1.5
2.6
14.9
1.5

37.4
1.5
2.7
15.2
1.6

134.5
5.9
12.4
45.6
5.6

139.3

5.9

146.2
6.2

139.5
10.2

13.3
47.3
5.7

14.5
50.2
5.7

6.8
43.6
6.9

143.0
10.4
7.0
44.7
7.1

145.2
10.4
7.2
45.4
7.2

694.2
69.6
5.6

724.5
75.8
5.8
13.2

765.7
83.4
6.3

2,509.5
223.3
27.8
41.5

2,644.8
237.0
28.9
43.2

1,832.9
111.5
37.8
43.6

970.7

1,747.4
104.8
34.4
40.6
467.7

1,792.8

934.2

2,756.3
254.2
30.3
44.4
1,001.8
20.6
177.7
42.8
130.8
107.8
25.0
211.1
267.3

150.7
24.7
141.8
133.1
78.7
24.8
20.1
27.3

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco ...=
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc.
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

12.8
251.0

3.9
43.5
10.9

260.9
4.0
46.8
10.3

20.9

21.9

26.8
4.8
48.5
111.8

7.1
7.4
4.0

28.6
4.7
52.0
112.3
32.0
7.4
7.6
7.8
4.5

94.7
3.5
64.6

95.8
3.7
65.4

123.3
9.0
67.2
2.5
13.4
9.4
3.7

13.7
274.4
4.5
51.1
10.2
23.6
30.6

18.3
161.6
36.8
107.1

19.7

171.5
39.3
121.5

324.9
20.9
195.4

244.4
19.8
116.2

248.9
20.4
118.7

254.0
20.8
120.7

351.8
41.0
97.0
12.0
62.4
33.6
19.5

371.4
43.8
101.9
12.7
65.0
36.1
19.8

185.2
17.6
54.3

188.8
18.0
56.1

6.3
29.2
9.7
10.1

6.4
29.8

195.9
18.0
57.8
6.5
30.3

9.2
10.5

9.9
11.8

57.7
51.4

62.8
55.5

66.8
59.4

43.7
34.8

44.8
35.8

45.7
36.4

36.3
114.4

203.7
542.1

212.7
582.2

220.8
614.8

260.6
543.7

267.1
557.3

267.0
555.6

339.6
6.5
36.7
7.8

1,065.9
25.5

1,129.8
26.9

106.6
22.4
17.8
78.5
28.1
35.4
202.4
113.7
26.8
23.7
17.7
180.6
72.9

112.7
24.7
19.1
84.5
29.9
38.9

1,202.6
28.5
118.5
26.6
20.0
89.9
30.7
39.4
213.3
140.0
28.6
26.9
20.4
203.8
85.1

650.7
15.6
49.7
13.4
31.0
51.4
16.9
19.0
96.8
45.3
25.8
10.8
40.1
87.4
32.8

674.4
16.3
52.1
14.0
32.6
53.7
18.0
19.2
99.6
48.3
26.8
11.2
41.5
92.0
33.7

697.0
17.1
54.0
14.4
33.8
55.6
18.3
19.8
103.4
50.4
27.3
11.6
43.2
96.2
36.2

181.3

251.9

33.1

179.2
34.3
23.3
25.8
23.0

261.4
182.4
35.8
25.0
27.1
24.2

3.9
65.7

309.2
20.0
186.8

321.9
20.8
194.0

130.4
9.7
68.3
3.2
13.8
10.1
3.7

139.4
10.5
74.4
3.7
14.5
11.1
4.0

335.0
40.2
92.2
11.3
59.8
30.7
18.9

17.1
15.8

19.5
18.1

22.9
20.8

District of Columbia ..
Washington MSA

34.8
103.2

34.8
107.0

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach ..
Fort Myers-Cape Coral ..
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach .

299.2
5.7
33.6
6.7
3.3

319.2

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury
.....
Delaware
Wilmington

See footnotes at end of table.

122



30.8
7.3
4.6
62.2

24.9
4.7
7.3
4.4
52.6
21.3

6.1
35.6
6.9
3.6
32.7
7.5
4.9
64.8

27.9
5.1
7.6
4.4
57.0
23.5

39.1

485.9
16.1
157.3
39.8
116.8
159.7
26.3
150.0
134.0

34.9

101.5
24.0
197.9

114.0

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver

105.0

15.4
154.3
109.8
155.7
25.8
145.7
134.1
80.7
25.6
20.8
28.5
35.7

94.3
22.5

4.9
56.2

30.9
7.0

15.0
152.1
38.0

107.8
36.3
42.4
477.2

297.0
58.9
28.2
27.4
31.2
18.7

8.0
8.0
8.1
4.7
97.6

4.1
35.3
8.0

5.1
67.4
30.1
5.4
8.0
4.5
61.3
25.5

207.8
125.9
28.0
25.1
18.9
191.2
78.5

183.6
38.1
25.8
28.1
26.3

82.8
26.5

21.3
28.6
36.3

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

jonstruction

State and area
1984

1985

1986

2,448.7
47.3
57.3
1,193.5
138.0
86.8
110.0
92.4

2,569.8
49.4
58.7
1,262.6
145.6
88.9
113.3
95.4

2,675.0
48.4
60.9
1,331.0
150.6
89.6
115.7
99.3

Hawaii
Honolulu

412.7
334.4

425.7
342.3

437.2
350.6

Idaho
Boise City

330.5
83.1

336.0
85.5

334.5
86.6

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ..
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
,
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
.,
Springfield

4,672.3
123.9
50.8
74.5
2,810.9
146.8
49.2
89.3
31.2
166.0
129.4
115.7
87.9

4,755.3
127.4
51.8
77.7
2,933.4
150.1
49.8
92.8
32.2
172.2
130.5
121.1
91.9

4,776.9
130.2
52.9
81.1
2,948.2
152.3
50.1
93.7
32.4
174.6
131.0
123.4
94.2

0
0
(1)
(1)
(1)

O
(1)
(1)
O
0
(1)
(1)
0

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

2,122.3
47.3
46.2
86.7
119.7
158.3
215.7
536.1
43.6
58.1
46.5
101.5
50.9

2,168.6
48.0
47.3
87.5
121.6
166.7
215.3
554.8
44.2
59.5
47.6
103.7
51.5

2,227.7
48.4
48.9
91.2
123.0
175.4
210.3
577.0
44.3
60.5
48.6
106.2
52.2

10.2
(2)
2
()
(2)
2.9
(2)
2
()
.9
(2)
2
()
(2)
(2)
.4

10.1
(2)
2
()
(2)
2.8
(2)
2
()
.9
(2)
2
()
(2)
(2)
.5

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

1,074.7
78.4
189.5
39.7
47.7
48.3
63.4

1,074.2
80.8
193.3
40.2
48.5
48.4
60.4

1,077.0
81.9
197.0
39.6
48.9
48.6
57.8

2.0
.2

2.1
.2

960.8
28.0
82.4
200.6

967.9
29.3
83.5
202.2

982.7
30.4
83.9
205.5

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,213.8
157.5
398.2
31.9

1,250.3
164.4
410.8
32.5

1,277.0
168.1
421.6
32.9

45.6
.8
.6
1.1

43.7
.9
.6
1.1

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,601.5
44.6
213.2
61.7
98.5
60.2
54.7
545.1
141.6

1,591.2
44.9
216.5
62.0
98.8
59.0
56.1
533.5
142.5

1,524.1
45.4
213.4
55.4
88.5
57.7
55.4
520.2
134.7

81.6
.3
1.0
8.0
17.0
2.3
.6
19.7
5.2

81.2
.2
1.2
8.4
16.8
2.1
.6
19.3
4.8

445.7
36.5
102.0

458.4
36.8
108.8

477.1
37.8
116.3

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
.
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah ..

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka . . . . . .
Wichita

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

1984

1986

1985

8.4

8.1

7.8

0

(1)
.1
1.1
.1
.2
(1)

(1)

o
(1)

143.8
2.3
2.4
71.6
8.7
5.2
5.0
5.4

156.2
2.2
2.6
78.4
9.0
5.3
5.1
7.1

(1)
(1)

15.8
13.1

17.2
14.1

19.0
15.6

2.9

14.6
(1)

15.1
5.4

14.6
4.9

25.2

154.7
3.8
1.2
1.7
94.8
4.7
1.7
4.1
1.3
5.5
5.4
3.5
2.6

171.6
4.4
1.2
2.0
108.8
4.8
1.6
4.3
1.2
6.6
5.4
3.6
2.6

177.7
5.1
1.3
2.1
111.5
4.6
1.6
4.3
1.1
6.7
5.1
3.6
2.4

79.4
(1)
1
()
(1)
6.6
(1)
1
()
22.8
(1)
1
()
(1)
(')
1.9

87.0
1.3
1.7
2.3
7.0
7.3
11.7
25.1
1.1
1.7
1.5
4.3
1.7

96.4
1.3
1.8
2.5
8.2
8.5
11.2
28.3
1.2
2.0
1.7
4.6
1.7

1.9
.2

38.7
2.7
6.9
1.3
1.8
1.7
2.1

36.6
2.8
7.4
1.2
1.3
1.7
1.7

35.9
3.0
7.4
1.2
1.3
1.7
1.7

12.3

2.4

43.6
1.0
3.3
9.5

42.3
.9
3.3
9.4

43.7
1.1
3.6
9.9

40.5
.9
.7
1.0

50.5
8.1
18.1
1.8

54.0
9.0
19.2
1.9

57.3
10.1
21.2
1.8

63.8
.2
1.0
6.5
12.3
1.4
.5
16.8
3.8

118.3
2.9
22.8
3.2
5.5
4.2
3.5
34.7
8.6

105.2
2.9
22.1
2.6
5.3
4.3
3.6
27.8
8.6

90.7
2.7
20.1
1.8
3.8
5.5
3.2
25.5
7.7

.1

20.4
1.5
5.2

23.4
1.7
6.0

26.8
1.8
7.1

.2

3.8
(2)

26.5
(1)
1
()
(1)
2.2
(1)
1
()
(1)

27.6
(1)
1
()
(1)
2.8

O
(1)
(1)

.1
1.5
.5
.1
.1

(2)

0)

8.9
(2)
(2)
(2)
2.4
(2)
(2)
.8
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
.5

(1)

O
(1)
(1)
(1)

16.7

O
(1)

.2
(1)
(1)

O
(1)

O
(1)
0
0

3.4

3.1

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)

17.9
(1)

3.2

O
(1)

.1

O
(1)

1986

131.5
2.4
1.9
63.6
8.4
5.2
5.0
5.4

(1)

(2)

O
(1)
0
0
O

1985

(1)

.1
1.2
5
.1

0
(1)
4.2

1984

(1)

0

See footnotes at end of table.




123

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

State and area
1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

Wholesale and retail trade

1986

1984

1985

1986

546.5
10.3
15.3
175.3
36.0
21.6
19.7
15.9

557.1
10.6
14.7
185.6
36.8
20.9
19.4
15.8

564.6
9.1
15.2
192.2
36.2
19.9
19.1
16.6

156.5
2.5
1.6
100.4
4.6
3.3
4.6
9.5

163.0
2.5
1.7
104.8
5.0
3.3
4.9
9.9

166.5
2.2
1.7
108.4
5.0
3.4
5.0
98

602.4
11.4
11.9
337.6
28.6
18.5
23.5
22 5

643.0
12.1
1.2.3
350.7
31.0
19.3
24.9
23.7

669.6
12.3
12.4
368.0
32.4
19.4
25.0
23 8

Hawaii
Honolulu .

21.9
15.8

21.9
15.9

22 1
16.2

32 0
26.4

33 2
27.1

34 0
27.8

111 4
89.6

1156
91.9

1167
91.7

Idaho.
Boise City

54.8
10.3

54.7
10.6

52.2
10.2

19.1
5.3

19.2
5.5

18.6
5.5

83.0
21.3

84.4
22.3

83.9
22.1

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Molme
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

997.0
38.3
5.1
7.2
592.3
33.8
15.6
19.8
5.1
41.0
34.8
45.1
4.9

970.7
37.4
4.5
7.1
576.4
32.6
14.9
19.4
5.1
41.7
32.3
45.5
4.4

925.2
35.6
4.6
7.5
548.7
32.0
14.3
19.5
5.3
40.1
31.4
45.4
3.9

278.3
3.3
3.3
2.4
174.7
8.0
3.9
8.6
1.3
5.4
6.6
4.5
4.2

280.9
3.5
3.3
2.4
184.5
8.0
4.4
8.9
1.5
6.1
6.5
4.5
4.6

277.6
4.7
3.0
2.2
187.3
8.2
4.5
8.7
1.5
6.3
6.6
4.5
4.7

1,148.1
33.7
12.4
18.1
678.9
39.2
10.6
20.1
7.8
42.4
32.0
25.5
18.2

1,166.9
34.5
12.6
19.0
725.3
41.2
10.8
21.7
8.1
43.4
33.1
27.2
18.8

1,184.7
35.8
12.5
19.1
731.8
42.2
11.1
22.3
8.1
45.1
32.8
28.2
19.4

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond .
Indianapolis
Kokomo . .
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute

620.5
192
8.4
47.5
32 2
45.0
65.6
111.1
20 7
11.3
11 3
25 0
10.5

609.8
19 1
76
47.1
31 5
46 7
60 4
108.0
20 8
11.4
11 1
24 5
105

602.8
185
80
48.6
30 6
48 4
53 8
107.0
197
11.2
108
23 8
107

105.6
1 2
1 6
2.7
64
103
13 1
30.9
1 4
1.8
20
43
26

109.3
1 2
1 6
2.8
65
109
13.7
32.6
1 4
1.7
22
44
2.5

112.5
1 4
1 7
2.8
65
11 4
137
34.3
1 4
1.6
22
47
2.6

488.6
100
100
16.1
29 8
38 9
48.7
136.6
87
12.0
11 3
26 5
13.9

505.9
103
107
16.3
30 3
41.1
49.0
142.1
9.0
12.5
11 6
27.1
14.0

526.2
106
11 3
17.4
30 6
42 9
49.9
147.7
94
125
120
27 6
14.0

211 9
21 4
23 5
11 9
3.8
95
165

204 7
21 7
22 7
120
3.8
98
13 9

201 3
22 3
21 9
107
3.7
100
11 2

51 5
37
11 2
1 8
1.0
34
22

52 0
39
11 9
1 7
1.1
32
20

51 8
4.1
11 8
1 6
1.1
33
1 8

277.1
19.7
50 4
89
9.1
127
14 6

276.6
20.3
51 3
90
9.3
126
143

276 7
20.2
51 7
92
9.1
122
142

176 4
42
95
54 5

174 4
43
95
53 8

175 4
45
92
55 1

64 1
1 3
74
99

63 9
1 3
72
98

62 3
1 3
68
9.8

239 4
6.1
185
47.9

243 3
6.5
188
49.5

246 7
6.7
187
49.6

257.4
29.3
89 5
62

255 3
29.9
87 0
6 1

253 2
28.0
86 2
58

65 2
7.5
23 5
22

66 6
7.6
25 1
2.3

67.3
7.7
25 8
2.3

282 1
36.4
97 7
8.1

297.0
38.5
102.2
8.3

302.5
39.4
103.7
8.4

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux ...
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans ...
Shreveport

182.4
34
21 6
5.4
62
97
7.3
47.7
22 5

178.0
34
20 7
54
63
92
73
45.8
22 3

166.7
33
19 1
5.0
59
87
74
43.7
190

118.6
22
104
75
72
44
2.7
48.0
90

116.0
23
10.4
7.6
73
42
2.9
46.2
89

107.9
24
10.4
6.3
69
38
2.8
43.4
85

383.6
109
51 7
15.3
25 8
148
150
140.6
33 9

383.3
10.7
52.6
15.3
25 7
147
15.5
139.1
33 9

370.2
10.6
52.2
13.9
23 7
140
15.2
137.3
31 9

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

110.6
11.3
16.1

105.9
10.5
16.4

103.9
10.1
16.6

19.1
1.3
5.6

19.3
1.4
5.7

19.3
1.4
5.9

101.3
8.4
29.5

108.0
8.5
31.8

115.3
9.0
34.0

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah
...

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
.
Sioux City . ..
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

,

,

. .

Kansas
Lawrence ..
Topeka
Wichita
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

See footnotes at end of table.

124



. .. ... .. . .......

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

State and area
1984

1985

Services
1986

1984

1985

Government
1986

1984

1985

1986

128.3
2.3
1.7
82.4
5.1
5.7
6.6
4.1

136.8
2.4
1.8
88.9
5.2
5.8
6.8
4.2

145.3
2.4
2.0
94.4
5.7
6.1
7.3
4.4

433.7
6.9
7.9
258.7
21.6
13.2
18.6
18.9

469.3
7.5
8.2
281.7
26.5
14.2
19.5
20.0

505.7
7.9
8.9
304.6
29.2
15.2
20.4
22.4

442.0
11.5
16.9
174.3
33.2
19.2
32.0
16.0

448.7
11.9
17.4
178.0
31.9
20.0
32.6
16.4

458.6
12.3
18.0
183.5
32.7
20.1
33.7
15.2

Hawaii
Honolulu

31.9
27.2

31.9
27.0

32.9
27.8

107.9
84.5

112.6
87.3

118.7
92.3

91.8
77.8

93.3
79.0

93.8
79.2

Idaho
Boise City .

23.5
8.0

23.6
8.2

23.8
8.6

62.5
16.7

65.0
17.5

67.5
18.7

68.9
16.0

70.2
16.0

71.0
16.6

322.2
6.6
8.6
2.7
231.0
7.1
2.7
3.5
1.5
6.1
6.6
4.5
7.7

339.1
6.7
8.8
2.8
242.7
7.5
2.8
3.7
1.6
5.9
6.8
4.9
7.7

346.7
6.8
9.2
3.2
250.6
7.9
2.8
3.8
1.6
6.5
6.9
5.4
7.8

1,057.6
24.2
9.9
12.5
698.8
27.0
9.2
17.6
7.2
35.0
28.7
21.1
20.2

1,100.8
26.7
10.8
13.5
741.8
28.9
9.8
19.0
8.0
37.9
31.0
23.3
22.6

1,126.3
27.7
11.2
14.5
758.5
30.2
10.3
19.2
8.1
40.2
32.2
24.3
24.2

687.9
14.0
10.4
29.9
338.3
26.9
5.4
15.3
7.2
29.9
15.3
11.5
30.1

697.8
14.2
10.6
30.9
351.1
27.1
5.3
15.6
6.7
29.8
15.4
12.0
31.1

713.7
14.4
11.1
32.4
356.6
27.3
5.4
15.8
6.6
29.0
16.0
12.1
31.7

103.3
1.6
1.4
2.2
4.6
10.5
8.1
39.7
1.3
2.6
1.5
4.9
1.7

105.5
1.6
1.6
2.3
4.7
10.8
7.8
40.9
1.3
2.7
1.6
5.1
1.7

110.5
1.6
1.6
2.3
4.9
11.6
8.0
43.1
1.3
2.9
1.6
5.5
1.8

386.6
8.6
6.7
11.0
26.2
30.8
40.8
110.8
5.3
9.9
8.9
26.3
10.0

408.1
8.8
7.2
11.6
27.3
33.0
42.7
119.6
5.6
10.4
9.5
27.6
10.5

427.9
9.2
7.6
12.3
28.1
35.3
43.6
127.8
6.0
10.9
9.9
29.0
10.7

328.1
5.5
16.6
5.0
11.0
16.6
29.3
83.3
5.1
18.9
10.2
10.3
9.9

332.9
5.7
16.8
5.1
11.5
16.9
30.0
85.5
5.0
19.1
10.2
10.7
10.1

342.6
5.8
16.9
5.3
11.7
17.3
30.1
88.0
5.3
19.4
10.4
11.0
10.2

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls .

61.8
4.6
23.8
1.4
1.3
2.5
3.2

62.8
4.9
24.6
1.4
1.4
2.6
3.1

62.9
4.7
25.4
1.4
1.5
2.6
3.2

227.0
16.4
45.2
10.9
6.8
12.1
13.3

232.5
17.3
46.7
11.4
7.4
12.2
13.5

238.5
17.8
49.5
12.0
7.6
12.6
13.8

204.5
9.7
28.4
3.5
23.8
6.2
11.5

206.8
9.8
28.8
3.5
24.3
6.3
11.7

208.0
9.8
29.3
3.4
24.4
6.3
11.8

Kansas
Lawrence ....
Topeka
Wichita

51.3
.9
5.8
10.2

52.8
.9
5.8
10.5

54.2
1.0
5.9
10.8

182.8
4.4
17.7
40.8

185.8
5.0
18.2
41.3

193.2
5.2
18.8
42.8

185.2
10.1
20.1
24.4

188.7
10.4
20.6
24.7

195.0
10.6
20.8
25.1

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette....
Louisville
Owensboro

55.1
7.8
25.8
1.2

56.9
8.2
26.6
1.2

59.5
8.8
27.5
1.4

234.8
34.2
86.8
6.6

246.8
36.8
91.7
6.9

259.3
39.0
97.0
7.3

223.0
33.4
56.2
4.7

230.0
33.5
58.3
4.7

237.4
34.2
59.5
4.9

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux .
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport ...

83.9
2.5
13.1
2.5
4.2
2.8
4.0
33.3
7.9

85.4
2.6
13.7
2.6
4.2
2.7
4.3
33.4
7.9

85.6
2.6
13.7
2.6
4.1
2.7
4.5
33.8
7.8

314.5
9.8
39.2
9.2
19.6
11.2
10.6
132.1
30.0

320.0
10.0
41.1
9.1
20.2
11.0
11.0
132.4
30.7

318.4
10.9
41.4
8.5
18.8
10.8
11.1
133.0
31.3

318.6
12.7
53.4
10.7
13.0
10.9
11.0
89.2
24.5

322.4
12.9
54.6
11.1
13.1
10.8
10.9
89.5
25.4

320.8
12.7
55.7
11.0
13.1
10.7
10.8
86.7
24.9

Maine
Lewiston-Aubum...
Portland

19.6
1.7
8.8

20.9
1.9
9.6

22.7
2.0
10.9

90.6
8.8
23.3

95.8
9.2
25.3

101.9
9.7
27.0

83.9
3.5
13.5

84.9
3.6
14.0

87.1
3.9
14.6

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins .
Savannah

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline.
Decatur
Joliet

Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka.
Terre Haute

See footnotes at end of table.




125

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area
1984

1985

1986

Maryland
Baltimore MSA ..,
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C.

1,814.0
994.0
449.3
624.6

1,887.8
1,024.4
454.5
663.2

1,950.8
1,051.7
453.6
690.3

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

2,851.8
1,608.0
65.4
53.9
38.5
148.2
97.9
65.7
38.8
222.2
177.0

2,926.0
1,642.4
68.4
54.4
39.2
157.0
102.5
66.6
40.9
225.7
183.8

2,980.7
1,675.9
70.5
55.1
39.7
158.9
104.0
65.5
42.4
230.2
190.4

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing ..=
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

3,381.0
143.4
53.0
57.7
1,679.2
170.3
283.2
47.3
94.8
181.1
53.7
142.9

3,561.5
150.2
54.2
60.3
1,790.1
174.8
292.4
48.1
97.6
191.7
56.2
147.9

3,639.2
158.1
54.9
62.0
1,840.6
179.3
300.3
49.3
101.3
197.3
56.1
151.2

(1)
O
O
(1)
1
(1)
()
(')

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

1,819.8
84.1
1,175.6
54.2
60.6

1,864.8
83.1
1,211.0
55.1
62.4

1,891.1
82.7
1,230.7
55.2
65.5

(1)
(2)
(2)

820.8
160.4

838.9
165.7

849.0
170.3

9.1
1.7

2,032.7
676.2
35.8
1,046.7
95.7

2,094.7
703.0
36.1
1,068.9
99.2

2,131.8
715.4
35.7
1,093.9
102.6

6.1
.6

Montana

281.1

279.1

276.1

7.7

6.8

5.9

12.6

11.5

10.3

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

635.4
101.0
280.7

650.5
106.4
289.6

653.9
107.7
291.7

1.9

1.9

1.9
.2

25.8
3.9
11.5

26.1
4.0
12.7

24.7
3.9
12.3

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

426.0
239.2
118.1

446.4
246.6
121.7

468.6
262.5
126.4

6.6
.3
.7

6.1
.2
.7

6.3
.3
.7

21.8
13.3
5.4

23.9
14.3
6.0

27.4
16.5
6.9

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.NH-ME

441.5
79.9

466.0
83.9
98.9

488.7
86.8
103.9

.4
.1

.4
.1
.1

.6
.1
.1

25.2
3.2

30.9
3.8
4.4

34.5
4.5
5.2

3,414.3
150.5
635.5
395.1
232.3
478.7
294.6
936.7
179.5
52.7

3,486.9
157.8
645.5
407.8
237.0
491.8
307.2
943.4
188.1
54.2

2.1

2.2

2.2

141.0
7.7
26.3
18.5
5.7
20.1
16.8
32.8
4.2
1.8

153.5
9.3
28.6
20.1
6.4
21.8
18.8
35.6
4.6
2.2

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.

126




0
3,329.2
145.7
626.5
379.0
228.6
458.2
281.4
921.8
172.6
51.8

1.7
.2
1

()
.5
1.2
.5
(1)
(1)
(')

O
0
O

(1)
O
O

V)

o

.2

.9

(1)
(1)
(1)
1
()
(1)

(1)
0
V)

.2
.1
1

o

96.4
51.1
2.5
1.6
1.6
8.5
3.6
2.1
1.3
6.4
6.2

109.4
57.4
3.0
1.8
2.0
9.9
4.3
2.3
1.6
7.5
7.4

120.8
63.2
3.8
2.1
2.0
9.6
4.9
2.9
1.9
8.3
8.4

92.7
3.3
1.4
1.3
43.2
3.9
10.4
1.0
2.6
4.1
1.8
6.0

107.8
3.8
1.4
1.3
52.6
5.0
11.7
1.2
2.9
4.9
2.2
5.5

115.3
5.1
1.5
1.4
60.8
5.4
13.7
1.2
3.1
5.6
2.0
6.0

6.5
3.7

67.6
2.6
43.0
1.8
2.9

71.3
2.8
46.7
1.9
3.2

74.6
3.3
49.4
1.8
3.3

6.9
1.2

37.1
8.0

36.7
8.2

35.7
8.7

6.3
.6

5.7
.5

85.7
28.0
1.3
50.1
3.5

92.9
32.3
1.4
53.8
4.1

98.1
34.8
1.4
56.4
4.2

()

1

()

o

.6
.7
.3

(1)
0
(1)
(1)

.4

.5
1.5
.6

1.8
.8
(1)

.3
.1
.1
.1

V)
0
(1)
O

.2
.1
.1
.1

10.1

9.9
(1)
.9
.1

0
(2)
(2)

0
()

138.8
65.8
17.8
59.7

8.3
5.0

9.4
5.7

(1)

(')

128.8
61.4
18.7
54.8

1

()
0
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
()

.3

1986

8.9
1.6

O

1

3.6
.1

1985

116.0
55.1
17.5
49.1

1.6
.2

1.7
.2

.1
.2
0.0

1984

1986

1985

1984

3.8
.1

.3

0
(1)
(1)
0
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)

0

(1)

(1)

.2
.1
.6
.7
.3

o
(1)
(1)

.9

3.6
.1

.1
.1
.6
.7
.3

V)
131.3
7.5
23.9
16.2
5.2
18.3
15.0
30.6
3.8
1.8

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

State and area
1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

Wholesale and retail trade
1986

1984

1985

1986

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C.

219.4
142.8
54.8
34.2

217.2
140.6
52.5
35.1

209.8
133.4
47.6
35.4

89.2
58.9
33.8
17.7

90.5
57.2
31.2
21.0

90.9
54.8
27.8
23.7

451.5
238.6
95.6
165.5

473.5
246.7
97.0
175.1

496.6
257.8
96.5
184.9

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster .
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

672.0
321.9
12.6
19.2
14.0
52.8
39.9
24.3
11.8
55.8
48.4

654.3
310.8
12.1
18.3
13.6
55.3
39.6
23.0
12.2
53.7
47.5

618.6
294.1
11.6
17.4
13.2
52.2
37.9
20.8
12.0
51.9
45.8

123.3
74.7
4.5
1.7
1.6
5.6
3.4
2.4
.9
8.5
7.7

125.4
73.3
4.9
1.7
1.5
6.2
3.6
2.7
1.0
8.7
8.2

125.0
73.0
5.1
1.7
1.5
6.6
3.3
3.1
1.0
8.9
8.2

656.4
358.9
18.7
12.3
8.8
30.6
19.7
14.4
9.7
50.5
40.9

681.4
366.4
19.9
13.4
9.2
32.1
21.3
15.1
10.4
52.7
43.7

703.1
376.2
20.8
14.2
9.9
34.7
21.8
15.1
11.0
53.9
46.9

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .

962.8
36.8
14.8
20.0
469.5
65.7
95.1
12.1
28.3
35.5
18.7
45.8

1,002.4
37.9
14.7
20.9
493.4
65.3
95.1
12.4
29.0
38.8
18.8
47.1

998.3
38.5
15.0
21.5
491.8
65.8
94.5
12.8
29.2
38.2
18.1
45.5

140.2
3.7
1.8
2.5
75.9
4.9
10.7
4.7
3.0
5.3
2.8
7.3

145.9
4.3
1.8
2.6
80.9
4.8
10.9
4.3
3.2
5.7
2.7
7.2

147.8
4.7
1.8
2.5
82.9
4.7
10.8
4.1
3.3
5.4
2.7
7.1

745:8
22.4
9.5
11.4
384.9
39.3
69.0
10.1
20.6
34.7
10.9
31.5

792.0
23.6
10.2
11.8
410.3
41.3
73.0
10.8
21.3
37.5
11.7
33.4

813.6
25.2
10.4
11.9
423.6
42.6
74.9
10.9
22.6
38.9
12.1
34.4

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul ......
Rochester
St. Cloud

373.8
6.6
257.8
10.9
10.9

375.3
7.0
257.5
11.2
10.8

369.0
7.2
251.3
10.8
11.4

96.9
6.5
65.2
1.9
3.7

98.3
6.1
67.1
1.9
3.6

97.5
5.7
66.9
1.7
3.7

455.8
21.8
288.2
11.3
17.1

465.6
21.6
297.2
11.3
18.3

470.5
21.7
302.7
11.3
19.7

Mississippi.
Jackson ....

218.7
19.8

221.6
20.2

222.9
20.1

39.1
10.4

39.7
10.9

39.4
11.0

173.6
39.3

177.5
40.0

182.9
41.6

Missouri
Kansas City..
St. Joseph ...,
St. Louis
Springfield ....

433.8
119.6
8.9
227.8
19.8

430.3
120.9
9.2
224.3
19.4

422.2
118.3
9.1
221.4
20.2

136.6
52.1
2.1
73.3
6.1

139.1
53.7
2.1
72.5
6.4

140.5
54.8
2.1
73.6
6.5

488.5
175.5
8.8
245.9
26.3

505.7
181.0
8.8
255.4
27.4

507.9
180.5
8.7
259.7
27.8

Montana ..

22.5

21.8

21.2

20.8

20.7

20.4

75.9

74.6

72.5

Nebraska.
Lincoln ...
Omaha ...

90.5
12.4
36.5

88.4
13.0
33.5

85.8
12.8
32.2

43.2
6.2
22.9

43.9
6.0
23.4

42.9
6.0
22.8

163.6
22.6
71.9

169.0
24.4
74.7

168.7
25.0
75.1

Nevada
Las Vegas .
Reno

21.0
7.5
8.1

21.9
7.8
8.3

22.2
8.1
8.2

24.9
14.2
7.8

25.3
14.4
7.9

26.6
15.0
8.6

85.9
48.9
26.2

90.9
52.2
27.4

94.8
54.8
28.5

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester,NH~ME .

123.4
37.0
(1)

122.5
37.3
20.9

118.1
35.7
20.5

15.5
2.2
(1)

15.7
2.1
2.5

16.7
2.2
2.7

104.6
16.1
(1)

111.7
17.3
25.3

120.6
19.2
27.2

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

726.8
8.3
169.2
74.2
58.5
114.7
32.3
204.0
32.9
15.2

713.0
8.3
167.1
75.8
54.9
112.9
31.7
199.4
31.7
14.7

692.8
8.2
162.8
75.5
52.5
112.4
30.6
187.4
31.7
15.1

219.4
5.9
30.1
16.7
28.6
34.8
13.1
80.0
5.5
2.0

226.0
6.0
29.4
16.7
29.7
38.3
14.2
79.3
5.8
2.1

229.8
6.0
28.6
17.2
30.5
39.4
15.4
80.2
6.1
2.1

787.3
33.1
177.2
100.7
51.1
109.9
77.2
186.6
28.1
9.9

813.2
33.5
179.9
105.5
53.9
116.6
81.0
190.7
29.1
10.6

832.8
34.1
184.0
107.7
56.8
118.9
85.3
193.4
30.4
10.8

See footnotes at end of tabJe.




127

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

State and area
1984

1985

Services
1986

1984

1985

Government
1986

1984

1985

1986

Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C. .

103.8
63.6
40.7
33.6

109.7
66.7
42.3
35.7

117.4
71.6
44.5
38.2

444.5
235.3
121.2
172.1

472.8
248.5
125.7
185.4

503.5
263.5
131.7
195.9

387.9
199.5
85.7
151.9

393.6
203.1
87.1
155.6

392.2
204.6
87.7
152.1

Massachusetts
Boston
,..
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester

179.0
122.5
2.6
2.7
1.3
5.1
3.0
2.3
2.1
14.0
10.8

188.1
128.5
2.9
2.7
1.4
5.4
3.5
2.5
2.1
14.5
11.5

203.4
140.0
2.9
2.7
1.6
5.9
4.0
2.5
2.1
15.5
12.4

752.3
489.8
13.2
9.8
6.8
27.7
15.7
10.9
8.6
50.5
41.0

784.7
512.8
14.3
10.2
6.9
29.5
17.3
11.4
8.9
52.5
42.9

820.3
533.3
14.6
10.5
7.1
30.8
19.1
11.8
9.7
54.5
45.4

371.4
188.5
11.3
6.5
4.4
17.9
12.4
9.4
4.4
36.4
21.9

381.3
192.6
11.3
6.4
4.4
18.7
12.7
9.4
4.6
36.1
22.5

387.8
195.3
11.7
6.3
4.5
19.1
12.9
9.3
4.6
37.0
23.0

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
'.....
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland

154.4
4.1
3.6
2.1
89.8
5.7
11.3
1.6
3.8
9.8
1.3
5.6

163.3
4.2
3.7
2.2
95.3
5.8
12.5
1.5
4.1
10.4
1.4
5.9

170.6
4.3
3.7
2.4
99.0
6.1
13.3
1.6
4.5
10.8
1.4
6.1

708.0
27.0
10.5
12.5
391.1
28.0
57.7
9.3
21.4
31.1
10.3
27.5

759.5
29.1
11.2
13.0
427.8
29.9
59.3
9.4
21.5
32.3
10.9
29.3

786.9
31.7
11.2
13.9
447.1
31.6
62.1
9.4
22.5
34.7
11.1
30.5

567.2
45.8
11.3
8.0
224.0
22.8
28.7
8.4
15.1
60.1
7.9
19.0

580.7
47.2
11.1
8.5
228.9
22.9
29.4
8.4
15.5
61.7
8.4
19.4

596.6
48.5
11.4
8.4
234.5
23.0
30.6
9.1
16.0
63.2
8.7
21.3

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud

106.1
2.9
80.9
1.5
2.1

110.3
3.1
84.3
1.5
2.2

116.3
3.2
89.6
1.6
2.4

416.6
19.6
281.3
21.6
11.7

434.4
19.5
295.8
21.7
12.9

447.8
19.8
304.0
22.3
13.1

293.7
18.4
158.2
5.2
11.4

301.2
18.2
161.6
5.6
11.5

309.1
18.2
166.2
5.8
11.9

34.2
12.2

35.6
12.9

37.3
13.5

125.8
33.0

130.6
34.7

134.1
36.1

183.2
36.0

188.5
37.2

189.8
38.1

116.2
49.7
2.0
62.4
4.4

121.9
52.9
2.0
65.9
4.7

129.3
56.1
1.9
70.3
5.1

444.1
150.2
7.4
247.3
23.3

464.5
156.8
7.0
256.7
24.6

489.0
161.2
6.9
272.2
26.0

321.8
100.5
5.4
136.2
12.2

334,1
104.9
5.6
136.4
12.5

339.2
109.1
5.6
136.7
12.8

Montana

13.4

13.3

13.0

59.6

60.6

62.4

68.7

69.9

70.4

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

43.4
7.3
25.4

45.4
7.6
27.0

47.1
7.7
28.6

135.9
20.3
70.1

142.1
21.5
74.8

146.6
22.2
77.1

131.1
28.3
42.1

133.8
29.9
43.3

136.2
30.2
43.3

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

20.0
11.6
6.4

21.4
12.6
6.4

22.5
13.4
6.8

186.9
115.3
46.8

196.4
115.8
48.3

207.3
123.6
51.1

58.9
28.1
16.7

60.5
29.3
16.7

61.5
30.8
15.6

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-R ochester, N H-M E

23.4
2.5

0

25.5
2.7
5.1

28.4
3.2
5.7

91.5
13.4
()

99.3
14.9
16.5

107.8
15.9
18.3

57.5
5.4
()

60.0
5.7
24.1

62.0
6.0
24.2

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton

183.0
6.5
30.8
18.9
8.4
25.6
13.8
67.4
8.2
2.7

194.9
6.8
32.4
20.2
9.0
29.0
15.2
70.0
8.7
2.7

208.9
6.7
34.3
21.8
10.0
32.6
16.6
73.1
8.8
2.8

757.3
60.5
128.6
83.9
36.7
85.7
72.8
220.8
45.9
8.8

792.8
64.1
135.3
89.6
38.3
92.3
77.1
229.4
49.0
9.3

831.2
68.0
141.3
94.1
40.7
95.4
80.6
238.5
53.4
9.6

522.1
23.9
66.5
68.3
40.0
68.6
57.0
131.7
48.2
11.1

531.1
24.2
65.0
68.8
40.7
69.0
58.5
134.5
51.1
11.2

535.7
25.4
65.5
71.3
40.3
70.6
59.7
134.4
53.1
11.3

Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield ..

See footnotes at end of table.

128



1

1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area
1984

1985

1986

1985

1984

502.8
208.4
35.2
48.0

520.7
220.3
36.8
50.7

527.9
226.7
40.4
53.0

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

7,572.3
370.7
116.1
404.1
34.8
40.9
1,032.0
3,919.6
3,434.9
77.0
87.7
110.9
436.3
90.5
277.8
116.5
379.7

7,750.8
381.9
118.3
413.2
34.8
42.2
1,068.0
3,991.3
3,488.1
78.3
92.3
114.6
451.1
93.5
287.8
117.0
393.7

7,905.6
392.5
117.4
421.6
35.8
44.5
1,102.5
4,055.4
3,539.0
78.2
96.4
115.5
454.7
95.6
292.2
118.8
403.5

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

2,565.2
73.1
502.9
424.1
327.7

2,651.2
75.4
522.8
438.5
355.2

2,731.7
76.1
543.0
447.7
368.8

252.5
35.6
65.3
27.2

251.5
35.9
66.6
28.0

248.9
36.0
67.9
28.6

Ohio
Akron ....
Canton ..
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Spnngfield
Toledo ..
Youngstown-Warren

4,260.2
252.2
149.1
600.8
854.5
576.4
392.7
257.0
182.5

4,372.9
257.6
151.5
628.1
868.7
603.6
408.9
264.5
184.2

4,475.2
260.0
151.8
651.2
880.8
630.4
420.9
273.0
188.2

27.8

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,180.3
25.7
33.1
434.6
301.8

1,165.3
24.2
33.6
424.4
305.2

1,139.6
22.6
33.5
411.9
300.3

Oregon

1,006.9
96.3
506.8
85.2

1,030.0
96.9
518.9
88.7

1,056.5
99.1
528.6
91.0

4,654.8
260.9
48.1
55.7
107.9
268.7
74.9
161.3
1,988.9
752.4
839.9

4,730.3
263.5
48.8
53.0
109.6
276.9
75.4
165.4
2,045.9
755.4
844.1

4,794.5
263.5
49.2
50.9
109.4
283.7
75.9
172.5
2,095.7
762.5
841.9

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks

Eugene-Springfield
PorHand
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh

1984

1986

21.6

21.0

16.3

.3

.2
.1
.1

.2
.1
.1

6.6
.3

5.9
.3

1

()

.2
6.8
.2
(1)

.6
()
(1)

.2
1.7
1.4
1

O
(1)

.7

285.6
15.3

308.6
17.0

5.0

5.1

13.2

14.9

15.1

1.0
1.4

1.1
1.6

1.5
1.9

.2

45.1
118.6
94.5
2.8
3.0
(1)
13.3

50.6
133.5
106.3

55.2
144.8
113.0

2.8
3.6

2.8
4.2
5.9

15.1

16.3

1.4

.8

0
(2)
.8

.7
(2)

(2)

O

(1)
4.1

4.7

15.1

15.8

15.2

.1

3.1

3.4

3.6

.3

19.8

22.0

25.9

4.8
.1

4.7
.1

132.6

149.2

157.3

3.1

3.8

3.9

.3

.3
.3
.3

27.5
19.9
20.2

29.5
23.0
23.8

31.3
24.2
23.9

4.7

13.7

11.7

10.8

.2

1.8

3.3

160.8

4.6
.1

.3
.3

.2

.3
.1
.3

.3
.3

.3

6.9
.2

7.5
.2

1

()

()
(1)

3.3

O

1

()
(1)

255.2
13.5

()

.3
.1
.1

1

2.6
3.2

1

()
(1)
(2)

(2)

35.3
17.0

2.5
3.4

.4

.3
1.8
1.2
1

()
(1)
(2)

37.5
17.7

2.5
3.5

4.4

.5

0
(1)

1

1986

36.6
15.5

0

(1)

1985

1.2

1.6
3.3
1.4

26.1
.8

1.5
1.5

22.7

144.8

154.0

1.2
.4
1.2
1.0
.4
.2
.7

.7
1.1
.4
1.1
.9
.4
.2
.6

7.6
4.9

8.2
5.3

8.7
5.4

21.9
27.6
19.2
12.1

23.5
27.5
21.9
13.5

26.2
25.9
24.2
15.0

7.9
5.5

8.5
6.3

9.6
6.8

72.0

65.4

55.1

52.3

45.1

40.0

2.1

1.9
.3

1.4

1.3
1.3

.9
1.4

.8
1.3

19.5
15.0

16.3
13.5

13.9
12.3

1.4
.2
.6
.1

30.2

34.1

16.1

33.1
2.9
17.8

2.6

2.9

2.9

33.6

175.8

187.1

.5

8.8
2.0
3.0
3.0
9.0
2.4

9.7
2.4
3.4
3.1

202.4
10.9

.8
1.3
.4
1.3
1.1
.3
.2
.7

.3
19.5
21.1

.2
13.3
17.7

16.9
20.0
1.5
.2

1.6
.2
.6

.6
.1

1

()

36.3

38.6
.4

.5
2

2

2

()
(2)

()
(2)

()
(2)

.3

.2
.2
5.7
.4
1.0
2

2

2

()

( )
7.0

.3
.4
3.8
.4
1.2

.4
4.8
.3
1.2
()
6.9

6.7

2.8

7.2
78.3
17.2
38.3

10.3
2.5
8.3

82.7
17.5
38.7

3.0

18.8

2.5
3.7
3.2

11.0
2.7
9.2

93.4
18.5
40.2

See footnotes at end of table.




129

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

State and area

1984
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces..
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
:
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks.
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland '.
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City

Tulsa
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.

130



36.5
18.8
3.5

1.4
1,326.3
54.1

41.1
79.6
8.1

10.2
177.6

515.0
429.6
25.2
15.2
34.5
149.1
16.1

1985

1986

1984

1985

37.5
19.6
3.5
1.6

29.9
12.1
1.1

1.2

1,293.1

1,250.5
50.2
37.8
76.5
6.7
10.0
180.3
475.8
390.8
24.5
15.0
32.2

418.5

416.1

16.7
4.1
21.8
1.4
1.3
45.1
261.4
237.0
3.6
5.6
3.3
13.2
4.1

16.6
4.2
21.6
1.3
1.3
45.7
257.4
232.0
3.6
5.5
3.2
13.7
4.2

15.6
4.5
19.9

16.0
4.6
20.6

147.5
151.7

126.6
3.4
42.0
23.3

133.1
3.6
46.5
24.6

51.9
40.1
78.3
7.1
10.0
179.5-

494.8
407.7
24.8

15.1
34.4
147.7

139.3

1.4

30.0
12.1
1.4

58.5
27.3

67.9

69.4

835.6
21.1

831.9
20.3

153.3
56.5

828.6
21.0
148.6
153.3
60.0

59.2

15.9

130.5
3.6
44.4
24.6
17.1

15.5
2.0
4.9
1.2

15.4
1.9
4.8
1.4

15.4
1.9
4.8
1.5

16.4
2.8
3.9
1.5

1,127.0
67.9
46.4
145.0
213.8

1,124.2

1,109.3
66.8
43.5
147.9
205.5
106.2
106.1
63.6
52.0

51.4

172.0
2.0
3.3
52.4
53.1

201.1
19.3
92.4
13.1
1,121.9

104.7
103.7

64.8
55.1
175.0
2.1
3.6
54.1

90.8
11.4

17.2
36.2
54.0
12.6
58.1

15.9
54.5
24.7
67.3

1984

1985

1986

122.6
56.2
7.4

1.3

117.5
52.9
7.1
8.6

402.1

1,576.9

16.2
4.1
21.3

78.5
21.8
97.7
9.2

1,631.2
81.2
23.8
101.8

1,675.6
84.5
24.7

9.6
9.5

10.1
10.5
298.5
762.8
638.3

29.3

12.3
1.3

1.3
1.4

45.9
242.9

217.9
3.6
5.6
3.3
13.9
4.2
16.6
4.6
20.2

9.0
276.1
746.3
630.5
16.5

21.5
18.7
87.5
20.8

61.6
24.4
91.5

9.4

287.7

758.9
638.1
17.7
23.7
20.0

92.3
21.8
66.0
24.7

126.9
58.2
7.7
10.2

105,7

17.5
25.4
•21.1

96.1
22.8
69.4
25.9

95.0

97.4

576.2
16.8

607.1
17.2

17.7

548.9
16.5
117.4
90.2
66.9

124.2
95.0
72.8

129.2
99.7
75.5

16.5
2.9
4.0
1.5

15.9
2.7
4.1
1.5

67.6
9.6
19.4
7.9

67.6
9.6

66.8
9.7

20.0
8.0

20.2
8.0

203.9
13.0

202.7
12.8

205.5
13.0

6.2
32.5
41.6
26.1
14.7
14.2
7.7

5.9
33.8
41.1
26.0
14.5
13.9
7.6

5.8
33.9
41.3
26.9
14.7
13.9

984.7
60.0
35.2
150.7
202.2
141.3
85.7
62.6
43.5

1,031.7
62.3
36.7
159.3
209.2
150.8
90.1
64.6
45.3

1,066.5
63.6
38.2
165.5

162.8
1.6
3.3
50.0

66.4
2.6
1.3
22.9

64.1
2.3

287.9
7.3
8.6

286.5
6.9

279.0
6.5
8.9

51.4

21.5

64.6
2.4
1.4
21.5
21.6

199.3
18.6
92.9
13.4

196.7
18.1
90.3
13.4

57.1
4.3

57.3
4.3
33.8
2.5

1,089.5
87.5
11.1
14.0

1,049.1

36.3
52.0

35.1
50.6
12.5
58.7
384.0

240.6
14.0
4.8
5.0
4.2
18.1
5.0
6.8
94.6
45.2
46.0

68.1
46.2
147.1
211.2
106.1
106.3
65.7
52.7

12.2

108.6

57.9
394.7
103.2

148.9

138.8

398.1

1986

37.3
19.2
3.3
1.5

16.0
57.7
25.8

151.5

Wholesale and retail trade

79.4
11.0
10.8

33.9
2.5

244.2
14.0
5.0
5.3
4.3
18.2
4.9
6.9
95.0

100.0

46.4

129.3

48.7

7.8

1.4
20.5
22.6

213.9
156.4
94.5
66.7
46.3

72.8

9.0
108.5
73.6

57.0
4.0
32.9
2.5

253.0
24.6
135.9
19.3

258.6
24.7
138.0
20.2

268.1
25.6

240.0
14.1
4.8

1,033.1
53.6
11.8

1,067.4
55.2

1,094.9
58.3
12.4
11.1
23.4
63.8
16.1
41.7
486.3
148.3

5.1
4.0

110.6

11.3

12.3
11.0
23.5
61.3

18.0
5.0
7.0
95.8

22.8
57.7
15.8
38.2
456.6

16.0
39.9
473.3

44.8
44.7

145.0
207.5

145.7
213.3

103.5
72.9

140.3
20.8

213.3

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

State and area
1984

1985

Services
1986

1984

1985

Governmeni
1986

1984

1985

1986

24.7
12.5
1.4
1.8

25.8
13.5
1.5
1.9

26.7
14.2
1.6
2.1

106.3
53.4
4.7
11.9

113.2
57.6
5.2
12.5

117.7
60.7
5.7
13.3

129.7
42.9
14.6
19.4

133.3
43.7
15.4
20.5

138.2
44.5
17.9
21.3

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City ...,
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

704.4
18.3
3.7
22.1
1.1
1.9
60.9
527.9
500.5
1.9
3.3
3.3
19.0
3.5
18.0
6.1
23.3

721.7
19.6
3.8
22.7
1.1
1.9
65.3
535.6
507.6
1.9
3.6
3.6
19.7
3.6
18.6
6.2
23.9

754.6
21.2
3.9
24.5
1.2
1.9
71.0
556.3
526.5
1.8
4.0
4.1
20.8
3.8
18.9
6.4
25.4

1,966.1
86.4
21.0
98.2
7.8
8.7
253.6
1,135.0
1,005.8
14.8
18.4
22.4
93.6
21.8
61.4
22.8
103.4

2,042.9
91.7
21.1
101.7
8.3
9.2
263.7
1,173.1
1,038.5
15.2
19.6
23.8
100.2
22.7
65.3
23.6
107.6

2,125.9
94.7
21.1
106.0
8.8
9.9
274.2
1,217.1
1,077.5
15.8
20.5
25.0
104.9
23.2
68.2
24.5
111.7

1,318.2
102.9
20.0
70.9
6.2
8.2
173.3
613.7
535.6
12.1
20.7
23.8
60.0
20.6
47.3
28.3
53.8

1,353.6
105.4
20.3
71.6
6.2
8.6
175.2
636.2
556.6
12.2
21.2
23.9
61.7
21.1
48.1
28.6
54.9

1,382.3
108.4
20.7
72.1
6.4
8.8
177.1
654.3
574.2
12.1
21.5
24.0
62.7
21.0
49.2
28.8
55.3

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

103.8
2.4
27.0
19.9
17.3

109.4
2.6
29.2
20.6
18.8

118.4
2.7
32.4
21.5
21.6

399.3
15.1
82.8
67.9
71.6

428.7
15.7
90.1
72.9
80.0

452.5
16.5
95.9
75.3
85.6

413.7
11.3
54.4
49.2
79.2

420.5
11.9
56.7
48.8
83.0

426.7
11.8
59.9
50.3
85.0

12.2
1.7
4.1
1.1

12.4
1.7
4.2
1.1

12.4
1.7
4.3
1.1

57.4
9.8
16.7
5.9

57.9
9.9
17.3
6.0

59.2
10.2
18.1
6.2

62.2
7.7
13.0
8.4

63.1
8.1
13.0
8.6

63.7
8.1
13.1
8.8

211.5
9.2
6.1
33.9
48.5
46.7
16.1
9.7
7.2

219.3
9.6
6.1
35.7
49.5
49.4
16.6
10.2
7.5

231.8
10.0
6.5
37.9
51.9
53.5
17.3
11.0
8.0

905.2
52.8
31.4
137.1
204.3
127.5
89.2
58.7
40.1

949.5
54.0
32.4
147.1
213.2
136.0
95.4
61.7
41.1

998.8
55.4
33.3
154.6
224.4
145.5
100.6
67.1
42.9

655.2
41.1
17.6
79.3
115.3
109.8
70.9
38.8
22.6

665.2
41.6
17.6
81.2
115.7
112.4
72.1
39.6
23.0

679.8
41.8
18.0
84.8
116.8
116.7
72.4
40.9
23.7

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

64.2
1.3
1.5
28.0
17.2

63.2
1.3
1.6
27.0
17.5

62.8
1.1
1.5
26.4
17.5

221.2
5.3
5.5
84.2
68.8

222.6
5.1
5.3
85.3
70.2

224.5
5.3
5.6
86.3
69.1

241.4
3.7
11.0
96.0
34.1

245.7
3.6
11.2
96.5
35.6

251.2
3.6
11.2
98.1
36.9

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

65.4
4.6
41.3
5.2

66.8
4.5
42.2
5.0

69.6
4.6
43.1
5.3

204.5
19.7
113.6
15.7

215.6
20.5
119.8
16.6

230.2
21.9
127.5
17.9

194.1
20.9
73.1
26.7

197.7
21.2
73.9
28.0

199.3
21.7
75.1
28.1

253.5
10.4
1.5
1.9
5.0
14.5
4.0
5.7
135.5
66.4
49.0

263.1
10.2
1.5
1.8
4.9
15.1
4.4
6.0
142.4
66.6
50.0

277.3
10.4
1.5
1.7
5.1
15.9
4.8
6.4
152.4
69.4
51.5

1,114.9
54.5
9.3
10.1
23.9
52.0
17.4
30.6
534.1
228.5
234.0

1,166.1
57.8
9.6
10.4
24.4
55.7
18.0
31.6
561.2
235.9
243.3

1,217.7
60.6
10.0
10.7
25.1
59.0
18.5
34.2
586.5
242.3
252.5

672.9
28.4
7.1
7.1
12.5
63.1
12.2
14.3
290.3
140.3
106.5

680.2
28.6
7.1
7.4
13.0
63.9
12.6
14.5
295.8
141.5
107.2

679.6
29.3
7.1
7.7
13.3
65.1
12.5
14.9
296.0
139.2
103.7

New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona

Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.




131

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Construction

Mining

State and area
1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre ..
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

141.9
270.2
39.8
48.2
44.8
157.7

142.3
276.1
40.0
49.3
45.6
160.9

143.6
281.8
40.2
50.6
47.1
164.2

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence

416.4
123.0
291.4

429.2
126.2
301.4

442.1
130.7
310.0

1,262.5
166.3
198.2
277.7

1,296.2
174.1
208.0
285.2

1,338.4
180.8
214.4
296.7

247.0
32.8
60.7

249.4
33.1
61.8

251.6
33.4
62.7

2.7
.3

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol.
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

1,812.0
171.3
147.0
232.6
374.8
407.5

1,867.8
174.9
151.1
235.0
388.7
434.1

1,928.7
179.6
152.6
238.4
403.8
450.0

Texas
Abilene ...
Amarillo ..
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur.. . .
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station ..
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission ..
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo ....
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison ...
.. ..
Texarkana .. ..
Tyler
Victoria ..
Waco
Wichita Falls ..

6,492.4
52.6
80.1
328.4
142.5
59.9
63.7
47.6
133.1
1,248.7
171.8
473.4
71.6
1,475.8
63.7
31.6
67.7
90.8
79.7
50.2
51.3
37.5
461.4
37.0
44.2
62.0
29.4
76.3
51.4

6,663.1
53.8
81.0
357.5
136.1
59.4
65.2
48.6
135.0
1,322.6
178.5
503.4
72.4
1,479.0
66.4
34.3
68.5
91.0
84.0
49.9
52.4
37.5
485.9
37.6
45.3
62.6
29.9
78.1
51.7

601.2
68.1

South Carolina ..
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City ...
Sioux Falls ..

...

;

Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden..

1986

1984

See footnotes at end of table.

132




214.9
65.0

1986

5.1
9.5
1.0
1.6
1.4
7.0

5.6
10.8
1.0
1.7
1.6
7.9

5.8
11.1
1.2
1.9
1.8
8.4

.2
.
1
.
1

13.3
3.3
10.0

15.2
4.0
11.2

17.0
4.3
13.6

1.6

80.8
12.3
13.4
18.2

83.8
13.3
12.8
20.2

88.1
14.0
14.2
22.3

2.5
.3

2.6
.3

9.3
1.9
2.7

9.5
2.0
2.6

9.6
2.3
2.3

8.0
1.0
.
1
2.0
.
1
.5

7.7
.9
.2
1.8
.1
.7

7.5
1.0
.2
2.0
.1

78.3
6.6
5.6
10.9
16.3
22.8

85.6
7.5
6.2
11.1
18.1
25.7

90.0
7.1
5.4
11.7
18.7
28.0

6,580.5
51.0
78.6
361.2
130.1
57.8
65.5
48.6
130.1
1,339.9
183.8
511.3
71.3
1,410.7
68.3
35.0
66.0
91.3
87.3
45.9
45.9
37.2
494.5
38.0
45.1
61.6
28.6
78.1
50.5

269.1
41
.
2.0
1.0
2.8
2.2
.
1
1.4
7.8
23.5
.3
4.6
.9
94.4
.
1
1.7
4.9
.5
1.6
12.4
8.7
.9
3.4
.3
.
1
3.5
3.1
.2
3.3

259.2
4.0
1.9
1.1
2.6
1.9
.1
1.3
7.7
23.7
.3
4.4
.7
88.4
.1
2.0
4.6
.5
1.7
11.6
9.1
.9
3.3
.3
.1
3.0
3.1
.2
3.0

208.8
2.6
1.5
1.0
1.8
1.6
.
1
.9
6.7
21.2
.2
3.7
.5
72.2
.
1
1.8
3.9
.3
1.2
9.8
6.9
.7
2.8
.2
.
1
2.1
2.0
.
1
2.3

446.3
2.9
4.6
25.1
9.6
6.8
3.4
3.0
10.6
80.3
9.0
30.2
4.3
118.5
3.8
1.2
4.5
4.2
4.6
2.6
3.5
2.4
34.9
1.4
2.1
3.1
2.6
4.2
2.0

443.8
2.9
4.5
27.3
9.4
6.3
3.2
2.7
10.1
87.2
9.3
33.7
3.9
107.0
4.1
1.4
3.6
4.5
4.5
2.4
3.6
2.3
37.8
1.7
2.3
2.9
2.5
4.4
2.2

413.5
2.5
4.1
23.7
7.5
5.9
2.8
2.3
8.6
82.0
9.9
31.2
4.5
93.6
3.9
1.3
3.3
4.0
4.6
1.8
2.7
2.0
35.6
1.8
1.9
3.0
2.1
4.0
2.2

624.3
70.1
434.4

634.3
72.5
443.1

12.8
.2
4.5

9.7
.1
2.5

7.9

34.8
3.3

35.5
3.4
23.9

32.5
2.9
23.2

224.7
(1)
68.5

233.7
31.3
71.2

.5

13.8

15.1
2.0
4.2

0.9
.2
.3

0.9
.3

0.8
.2
.2

O

1.8

415.9
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier.
Burlington

1985

22.9
.5
.2

12.2

O

0
3.9

3.6

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
1984
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre ..
Sharon
State College
Williamsport ..
York

1985

Wholesale and retail trade

Transportation and
Dublic utilities

State and area
1986

1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

1986

52.9
75.6
10.7
8.0
15.0
59.7

50.6
73.9
10.2
7.7
14.7
58.7

48.2
72.6
9.5
7.4
15.1
57.8

6.0
14.3
2.1
1.2
2.0
6.8

6.0
14.4
2.1
1.2
1.9
6.9

6.4
14.7
1.9
1.2
1.8
6.9

28.9
58.5
9.4
8.8
9.5
36.4

29.8
60.3
9.9
9.0
10.0
37.8

31.3
62.8
10.6
9.3
10.6
39.0

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence

121.7
55.9
76.5

119.2
54.5
75.6

119.4
55.3
74.7

13.5
3.5
10.2

13.9
3.5
10.7

14.7
3.5
11.2

88.6
26.5
60.4

94.6
28.9
64.8

99.0
30.8
67.6

South Carolina
Charleston ...
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg ..

377.6
20.0
28.2
101.0

365.4
19.8
28.0
97.9

364.0
20.0
28.0
98.2

55.3
8.6
8.9
9.7

56.0
9.1
9.5
10.2

56.1
9.1
10.0
10.5

261.2
40.0
42.1
60.6

277.4
42.6
45.8
64.4

291.8
44.4
47.2
67.0

29.2
3.7
9.1

27.5
3.2
7.9

28.3
3.0
8.5

12.3
1.9
4.5

12.7
1.9
4.6

12.6
1.8
4.6

65.3
9.5
16.7

65.9
9.7
16.9

65.6
9.8
16.6

497.1
43.7
53.1
50.9
53.4
86.6

492.4
43.7
52.7
50.9
52.2
89.4

491.8
43.9
52.0
50.6
51.8
89.6

89.1
7.8
5.7
8.5
30.4
21.7

93.0
8.3
6.0
8.8
33.3
22.2

96.7
8.6
6.2
9.0
35.4
22.0

413.3
39.2
31.0
54.7
103.4
98.2

435.3
40.1
33.5
57.5
108.2
105.5

450.3
41.5
33.8
59.6
111.7
109.0

1,004.3
5.4
10.1
40.4
31.3
17.4
10.5
3.4
13.3
226.7
37.4
108.0
10.4
177.8
8.6
1.8
15.5
8.9
11.2
3.8
5.0
5.6
51.9
12.3
7.2
12.0
3.0
16.0
9.1

998.6
5.4
9.9
42.0
27.6
17.1
9.8
3.5
13.2
233.2
36.7
113.5
10.3
173.2
8.7
1.8
16.0
8.2
11.7
3.9
5.0
5.5
51.4
12.0
7.5
12.0
3.1
16.2
8.5

960.3
4.9
9.8
40.5
25.3
15.8
9.5
3.2
12.2
227.6
35.9
113.6
9.3
154.8
8.7
1.9
15.2
7.5
12.1
3.3
4.0
5.7
48.7
11.5
7.2
11.4
3.0
15.5
8.2

374.0
2.8
6.6
9.2
11.1
2.6
3.3
1.6
7.7
79.2
9.9
24.8
6.1
100.5
3.0
3.5
3.6
4.8
2.7
2.3
2.7
3.6
18.5
2.0
1.9
3.0
1.5
3.4
2.7

380.8
2.8
6.4
10.6
10.3
2.3
3.4
1.6
7.6
83.6
9.9
26.1
5.4
100.5
3.0
3.7
3.7
4.7
2.6
2.5
2.6
3.3
19.1
2.0
2.0
3.0
1.5
3.5
2.8

374.5
2.6
6.2
11.2
9.9
2.4
3.2
1.6
7.2
86.6
9.9
26.5
4.8
94.9
2.8
3.9
3.2
4.7
2.8
2.3
2.1
3.3
18.7
2.0
1.9
2.9
1.5
3.5
2.6

1,640.8
13.9
23.8
72.9
33.8
11.4
17.6
10.3
33.9
333.0
41.2
130.3
14.3
376.2
15.6
9.5
16.9
26.6
24.1
11.8
14.5
9.2
119.0
8.0
10.7
16.5
7.9
19.0
12.2

1,699.0
14.6
24.0
80.6
32.9
11.2
18.3
10.8
34.8
353.6
44.1
135.3
13.9
380.6
16.2
10.4
17.5
26.9
25.7
11.3
14.8
9.5
125.2
8.2
10.8
16.9
8.3
19.1
12.7

1,684.5
14.1
23.2
81.6
32.3
11.3
17.9
11.2
34.2
359.0
45.2
136.8
13.8
362.5
16.3
10.5
17.4
27.7
25.8
10.9
13.6
9.5
128.9
8.5
11.0
16.5
8.0
18.9
12.3

94.0
12.3
63.2

94.0
11.5
63.6

92.0
11.0
61.9

36.4
2.3
28.6

37.0
2.2
28.9

37.5
2.5
29.0

140.8
14.0
103.3

147.9
14.6
108.6

152.6
15.5
112.0

49.0
(1)
16.1

49.8
(1)
16.8

49.6
4.4
16.7

9.4

9.7
.8
3.0

46.9

50.0
(1)
15.7

52.5
6.6
16.1

South Dakota ...
Rapid City ...
Sioux Falls

..................

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis ...
Nashville ..
Texas
Abilene ...
Amarillo ..
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur..
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City...
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission ..
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria ..
Waco
Wichita Falls ..
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden ..
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier.
Burlington

9.2

O

(1)
2.7

2.8

O

14.4

See footnotes at end of table.




133

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)

1984

1985

Government

Services

Finance, insurance,
and real estate

State and area

1986

1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

1986

Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York

6.7
11.0
1.3
1.5
2.2
4.3

7.0
11.4
1.3
1.5
2.2
4.5

7.2
11.9
1.4
1.6
2.2
4.8

26.3
59.5
9.9
7.4
8.5
25.6

27.2
63.4
10.1
8.1
8.9
27.1

28.4
66.7
10.3
8.9
9.3
29.1

16.0
40.9
5.1
19.3
6.2
17.6

16.1
41.0
5.2
19.8
6.3
17.6

16.3
41.1
5.2
20.2
6.4
17.8

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence

22.7
3.1
19.0

23.6
3.4
19.7

24.9
3.6
21.0

99.0
20.8
72.3

105.0
22.1
76.2

109.1
23.5
78.6

57.4
9.8
42.9

57.7
9.8
43.2

58.0
9.7
43.3

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

54.4
7.9
15.8
10.9

57.2
8.1
16.6
11.1

61.0
8.3
17.3
11.5

194.2
30.3
34.3
41.9

209.9
33.1
37.5
44.9

222.6
35.9
39.0
47.9

237.3
47.2
55.2
35.2

244.8
47.9
57.5
36.3

253.3
49.0
58.4
39.1

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

13.1
1.6
5.2

14.0
1.7
5.9

14.2
1.7
6.0

57.8
8.0
15.5

59.3
8.2
16.6

60.1
8.1
17.3

57.2
5.9
6.9

57.9
6.2
7.2

58.7
6.4
7.3

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville

85.9
10.0
4.7
9.0
21.4
27.3

89.4
10.5
4.8
8.8
21.9
29.0

93.8
11.1
4.8
8.6
22.9
30.6

344.3
31.7
24.0
49.8
86.0
89.6

360.2
33.3
25.3
48.8
88.3
99.1

384.6
34.8
26.3
48.5
94.3
105.6

296.1
31.3
22.7
46.7
63.8
60.7

304.2
30.5
22.7
47.2
66.6
62.4

314.0
31.7
23.9
48.5
68.9
64.5

419.8
2.7
4.3
22.0
5.7
2.2
3.3
2.0
6.8
116.8
8.6
25.7
4.7
107.0
2.6
1.5
3.1
5.5
3.5
3.5
2.0
1.7
34.1
1.3
1.8
3.4
1.6
4.8
2.4

445.9
2.7
4.4
24.5
5.7
2.2
3.4
2.1
6.9
128.3
9.2
27.8
4.6
106.9
3.0
1.6
3.4
5.6
3.9
3.2
2.0
1.8
36.2
1.4
1.8
3.9
1.7
4.7
2.4

447.8
2.6
4.4
25.6
5.6
2.2
3.4
1.9
6.9
133.2
9.7
28.5
4.5
104.2
3.1
1.6
3.3
5.5
4.0
2.9
1.7
1.8
38.5
1.5
1.9
3.8
1.6
4.7
2.4

1,274.6
12.6
15.4
71.0
28.3
7.8
11.8
7.3
26.0
260.6
30.4
92.4
12.0
328.4
11.8
5.1
11.2
19.6
11.9
8.4
7.9
7.4
100.6
6.9
8.1
12.6
5.4
17.2
9.5

1,346.7
13.2
16.0
80.5
27.9
8.0
12.3
7.4
27.5
278.9
32.4
102.1
12.8
342.3
12.5
5.6
11.5
19.6
12.8
9.2
8.1
7.5
110.1
7.2
8.5
12.7
5.7
18.2
10.2

1,372.1
13.3
16.1
83.1
27.6
7.8
13.4
7.9
27.2
287.5
34.7
108.9
13.0
340.8
13.6
5.8
11.3
20.3
13.8
8.9
7.4
7.7
114.5
7.3
8.9
13.4
5.9
19.3
11.0

1,063.5
8.0
13.3
86.8
19.8
9.7
13.8
18.7
27.0
128.6
34.9
57.4
18.9
172.9
18.3
7.4
8.0
20.5
19.9
5.5
6.9
6.6
99.2
4.8
12.3
7.9
4.1
11.4
10.2

1,088.9
8.2
13.6
91.1
19.7
10.3
14.6
19.0
27.2
134.4
36.8
60.4
20.7
180.5
19.0
7.8
8.2
21.0
21.1
5.8
7.2
6.6
102.7
4.9
12.4
8.3
4.2
11.8
10.0

1,119.0
8.2
13.3
94.4
19.7
10.9
15.1
19.8
27.3
142.7
38.3
62.1
20.7
187.7
19.6
8.1
8.3
21.1
23.0
6.1
7.4
6.5
107.0
5.1
12.3
8.7
4.3
12.1
9.5

29.8
2.1
24.2

31.1
2.1
25.6

32.9
2.3
27.2

121.1
21.7
82.8

131.3
23.2
90.7

137.6
25.0
94.3

131.5
12.3
86.4

137.8
13.1
90.6

141.3
13.4
93.7

9.3

10.1
(1)
3.0

11.0
2.8
3.2

51.3

53.7
(1)
15.6

57.0
6.6
17.2

36.5
(1)
10.6

37.4

0

O

38.4
7.9
10.8

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria

Waco
Wichita Falls
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
See footnotes at end of table.

134




(1)
2.8

14.9

10.7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total

Mining

Construction

State and area
1984

1984

1985

1986

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

2,333.3
28.0
60.1
39.7
68.9
484.5
567.2
385.3
107.1

2,454.7
28.8
60.7
38.9
69.7
510.8
614.2
402.8
113.5

2,557.1
29.9
62.2
38.9
70.1
530.6
655.2
415.0
117.5

18.3
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
.3
.1

17.3
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.6
.3
.1

16.4
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
.4
.1

132.8
1.0
3.0
1.4
2.6
30.4
36.2
20.7
5.6

152.0
1.2
3.4
1.4
2.7
33.8
42.5
23.4
6.5

168.1
.9
3.4
1.4
3.1
37.4
47.3
25.0
6.7

Washington
Seattle

1,659.6
814.2

1,710.4
849.0

1,770.2
888.3

2.6
.5

2.7
.5

2.9
.6

79.6
39.3

80.6
41.6

85.2
44.8

596.6
106.9
99.2
57.0
58.4

597.2
107.2
100.5
58.1
57.5

596.8
107.5
100.7
58.2
56.7

48.8
3.4
1.1
1.2
3.0

44.8
2.5
1.1
1.1
2.6

40.1
2.3
1.0
.8
2.4

22.0
4.4
3.7
2.5
2.0

22.8
4.3
4.0
2.7
1.9

22.7
4.5
3.6
2.7
1.6

1,949.2
131.4
49.9
85.4
51.8
41.7
47.0
180.2
658.6
67.2
43.7
41.8

1,983.1
135.7
50.8
88.4
52.9
38.8
48.0
187.3
665.0
66.8
44.1
42.9

2,014.8
139.2
53.2
91.0
52.7
36.9
48.2
190.7
675.3
68.0
44.4
44.5

2.0

63.2
5.5
1.5
3.4
1.4
1.3
1.6
6.1
18.8
1.6
1.3
1.3

64.6
5.7
1.6
3.7
1.5
1.3
1.5
6.2
19.6
1.7
1.4
1.3

63.8
5.6
1.6
3,3
1.2
1.0
1.1
6.0
19.8
2.0
1.3
1.5

Wyoming

204.3

206.9

199.1

27.9

25.1

19.5

14.1

18.2

17.0

Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan

684.1
41.5
49.4
42.1
425.8

692.5
42.9
50.1
43.1
429.8

715.7
43.5
51.6
45.5
441.3

.7

.7

.7

27.5
(1)
(1)
1.6
21.0

26.3
(1)
(1)
1.7
20.8

28.1

36.6

36.9

37.4

2.3

1.9

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

Virgin Islands

1.9
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

1.9

(1)
(1)
.1
.4

O
0

(1)

1984

(1)
(1)

0
0
(1)
(1)
0
(1)
O
(1)
(1)
0
(1)

O

(1)

1986

1985

O
0
(1)
O
(1)
(1)
O
(')
0

(1)
(1)
.1
.4

.1
.4
(1)

1985

1986

0
0

2.7
21.9
2.4

See footnotes at end of table.




135

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing

Transportation and
public utilities

State and area
1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

Wholesale and retail trade
1986

1984

1985

1986

Virginia
Bristol
....
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News ..
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

421.3
9.6
10.2
18.2
26.1
67.3
28.6
63.8
20.6

423.4
9.3
9.3
16.9
25.0
68.1
31.8
64.0
20.9

424.2
9.4
8.6
16.4
24.0
69.0
34.5
62.6
20.7

127.2
1.1
2.0
.9
3.0
25.1
39.2
21.6
8.5

132.0
1.1
2.1
.9
2.9
25.2
42.4
21.8
9.2

137.3
1.1
2.1
1.0
2.9
25.7
45.4
22.1
9.0

516.5
6.7
11.0
7.8
12.6
115.7
130.3
92.2
27.3

547.0
7.5
11.4
8.2
13.3
124.3
141.7
96.9
29.4

580.2
8.0
11.9
8.1
13.2
129.7
152.9
100.6
31.4

Washington .
Seattle

288.1
154.8

295.6
163.2

304.2
171.8

90.9
54.2

93.6
55.5

95.8
57.7

411.6
205.0

420.6
211.2

434.7
219.9

91.5
13.3
21.0
15.0
8.2

89.5
13.4
20.0
14.7
7.9

87.0
12.5
19.6
14.2
6.9

39.3
9.0
8.4
2.1
3.3

38.2
8.7
8.1
2.0
3.1

36.9
8.3
7.5
2.0
3.0

131.9
27.6
25.2
13.5
15.0

134.5
27.7
25.8
13.9
14.8

136.7
28.1
25.8
14.1
15.3

518.9
47.3
9.3
23.1
18.4
16.0
10.6
20.0
175.4
25.6
18.9
10.9

513.9
48.2
9.4
23.7
18.3
12.9
10.4
20.9
171.6
24.7
18.7
11.3

512.5
48.7
10.1
24.5
16.8
10.7
10.2
21.2
167.9
24.5
18.7
11.9

91.9
5.0
2.6
6.0
2.1
1.5
2.3
6.2
34.1
2.2
1.3
2.3

94.2
5.2
2.6
6.3
2.1
1.4
2.5
6.5
35.5
2.2
1.4
2.6

92.9
5.3
2.8
6.4
1.9
1.4
2.3
6.5
34.7
2.3
1.4
2.7

452.8
28.1
14.1
22.5
12.2
8.1
12.6
39.1
148.3
14.6
8.1
10.5

465.1
29.1
14.5
22.9
12.7
8.2
12.8
40.5
151.0
15.0
8.2
10.6

477.8
29.9
15.1
23.6
13.4
8.4
13.3
41.9
155.1
15.9
8.5
11.2

8.0

8.0

8.0

15.8

15.0

14.2

46.4

46.9

45.5

150.1
14.0
19.7
8.2
66.3

147.5
14.7
19.7
8.5
66.0

149.2
14.7
20.3
9.1
64.9

15.5
(1)

15.8
(1)
1
()

12.1

15.7
(1)
1
()
(1)
12.3

12.1

116.4
7.8
6.5
6.7
81.5

120.8
8.1
6.6
7.1
82.7

125.1
8.3
6.9
7.3
86.2

2.3

2.2

1.8

2.3

2.3

2.4

7.9

8.0

8.4

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah .
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
.
Wyoming
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
Virgin Islands
See footnotes at end of table.

136



O
(1)

O

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate

State and area
1984

1985

Services

1986

1984

1985

Government

1986

1984

1985

1986

117.1
1.1
3.0
1.0
3.2
21.3
34.5
29.7
6.5

122.8
1.0
3.0
1.1
3.4
22.8
36.5
31.6
7.0

130.8
.9
3.0
1.2
3.3
24.1
40.0
33.1
7.9

495.1
3.6
9.9
5.2
12.4
104.5
166.7
72.2
24.1

544.7
3.8
10.2
5.3
13.1
114.1
184.1
78.3
25.4

579.0
4.4
10.9
5.7
13.9
119.9
198.1
83.6
26.6

505.0
5.0
21.0
5.0
9.0
120.1
131.2
84.9
14.4

515.6
4.9
21.3
5.0
9.3
122.3
134.6
86.5
15.0

521.0
5.1
22.2
5.1
9.7
124.8
136.6
87.6
15.1

Washington ..
Seattle

95.7
60.5

99.6
62.8

105.2
66.2

356.6
178.9

375.1
189.8

393.0
199.3

334.5
121.0

342.8
124.5

349.3
127.9

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta...
Wheeling

23.2
5.5
3.9
2.1
2.8

23.6
5.8
4.0
2.1
2.8

23.8
6.0
4.2
2.2
2.6

109.2
22.3
16.6
11.3
14.7

116.4
23.4
18.4
12.1
15.2

120.9
24.6
19.8
12.8
15.4

130.7
21.4
19.3
9.3
9.4

127.5
21.3
19.2
9.4
9.2

128.7
21.3
19.2
9.5
9.4

101.3
6.3
1.8
2.8
1.5
.9
1.3
14.1
44.1
2.2
1.9
3.8

103.8
6.8
1.9
3.0
1.6
1.0
1.4
15.3
44.9
2.1
1.9
3.5

107.8
7.0
1.8
3.2
1.6
1.1
1.5
16.8
46.4
2.1
2.0
3.3

404.4
23.0
10.3
17.4
9.7
7.9
11.8
37.4
157.7
12.9
6.9
7.2

419.0
24.1
10.5
18.5
10.2
8.1
12.2
39.5
162.7
13.1
7.0
7.6

432.9
26.1
11.4
19.3
10.9
8.2
12.8
39.8
170.1
13.0
7.1
7.9

314.7
15.9
10.1
10.0
6.4
6.0
6.8
57.1
79.9
8.0
5.3
5.9

320.6
16.4
10.2
10.3
6.4
5.9
7.2
58.2
79.4
8.0
5.4
6.0

325.2
16.7
10.4
10.5
6.7
6.2
7.0
58.2
80.9
8.2
5.4
6.0

8.0

8.1

8.1

33.1

33.4

33.4

50.9

52.2

53.3

29.3
(1)
1
()
(1)
23.6

31.1

32.6

91.3

97.8
(1)
1
()
7.9
71.6

253.2
14.9
15.6
14.9
152.7

255.4
14.8
16.0
15.1
152.6

266.4
15.2
16.5
15.4
157.8

7.7

13.8

13.5

13.2

Virginia ..
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News .
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah .
Eau Claire ...
,
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
,
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan . . . —
Wausau
Wyoming
Puerto Rico .
Caguas
Mayaguez ...
Ponce
San Juan ....
Virgin Islands.
Not available.
Combined with construction.




1.8

26.5

0
0
0

7.6
68.2

95.1
(1)
1
()
7.5
70.0

1.5

6.2

7.4

0
(1)
(1)

25.1
1.6

0

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.
All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1986 benchmarks.

137

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
ANNUAL AVERAGES
2. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas
Average weekly hours

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

State and area

1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

1986

Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile

41.0
41.2
42.2

40.8
40.4
42.7

41.1
41.2
41.2

$7.97
8.29
9.86

$8.48
8.79
10.01

$8.64
8.74
10.15

$326.77
341.55
416.09

$345.98
355.12
427.43

$355.10
360.09
418.18

Alaska

39.3

40.7

41.1

12.25

12.19

11.62

481.42

496.13

477.58

Arizona

40.8

40.9

41.0

9.09

9.48

9.84

370.87

387.73

403.44

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

40.5
40.1
40.5
40.9
41.4

40.2
39.6
39.8
41.0
41.8

40.4
40.5
40.3
40.7
43.0

7.31
6.27
7.70
7.98
9.28

7.57
6.65
8.00
8.16
9.49

7.76
6.91
8.13
8.35
10.20

296.06
251.43
311.85
326.38
384.19

304.31
263.34
318.40
334.56
396.68

313.50
279.86
327.64
339.85
438.60

1984

1985

1986

California

40.3

40.2

40.3

9.77

10.12

10.37

393.73

406.82

417.91

Colorado
Denver

40.9
40.9

40.2
40.4

39.9
40.2

9.24
9.65

9.52
10.18

9.81
10.79

377.92
394.69

382.70
411.27

391.42
433.76

Connecticut

42.5
41.6
42.5
42.1
40.9
42.7
43.9

41.9
41.2
42.1
42.0
41.1
42.2
42.7

41.8
41.0
41.9
41.9
41.1
40.4
42.6

9.22
9.67
9.83
9.53
9.04
9.02
7.82

9.57
10.05
9.96
9.78
9.10
9.57
8.07

10.07
10.34
10.31
10.48

9.63
10.74
8.51

391.85
402.27
417.78
401.21
369.74
385.15
343.30

400.98
414.06
419.32
410.76
374.01
403.85
344.59

420.93
423.94
431.99
439.11
395.79
433.90
362.53

Delaware
Wilmington

41.5
42.7

41.1
41.2

41.2
41.2

9.28
10.67

9.86
11.52

10.11
11.96

385.12
455.61

405.25
474.62

416.53
492.75

District of Columbia:
Washington MSA

38.1

38.2

38.5

10.10

10.48

10.28

384.81

400.34

395.78

Florida
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Miami-Hialeah .._,
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

41.2
41.5
.41.3
41.4
39.6
42.3
42.3
41.9
41.6

41.3
41.3
41.4
41.1
38.8
41.4
40.5
40.9
42.7

40.8
41.4
41.5
39.5
39.2
41.6
42.6
40.2
41.1

7.62
7.32
8.07
7.58
6.46
7.98
9.07
7.57
7.72

7.86
7.71
8.16
7.77
6.73
8.35
9.54
7.51
7.90

8.02
7.83
8.59
7.67
7.02
8.36
9.89
7.52
8.62

313.94
303.78
333.29
313.81
255.82
337.55
383.66
317.18
321.15

324.62
318.42
337.82
319.35
261.12
345.69
386.37
307.16
337.33

327.22
324.16
356.49
302.97
275.18
347.78
421.31
302.30
354.28

Georgia
Atlanta

41.0
40.5
44.9

40.6
40.8
44.3

40.9
40.7
44.5

7.58
8.71
9.76

8.10
9.50

10.15

8.34
10.11
10.65

310.78
352.76
438.22

328.86
387.60
449.65

341.11
411.48
473.93

38.1
38.1

37.4
37.8

38.9
38.9

8.35
8.41

8.65
8.75

8.86
9.00

318.14
320.42

323.51
330.75

344.65
350.10

37.6

37.8

38.2

9.34

9.41

9.66

351.18

355.70

369.01

40.6
38.2
39.0
34.3
41.0
39.4
36.0
40.6
33.1
35.7
38.6
41.2
37.0

40.6
39.6
39.5
39.7
41.4
40.1
40.8
40.5
38.7
40.3
41.5
41.5
41.9

40.9
40.4
40.7
40.2
41.8
40.5
40.8
41.4
39.9
40.9
42.4
42.7
41.9

10.08
9.97
9.88
9.24
9.82
12.29
12.61
10.80
9.35
9.55
12.41
10.00
11.10

10.37
9.97
10.66
9.22
10.17
12.26
13.40
11.45
9.89
10.21
12.45
10.70
11.58

10.67
9.97
10.81
9.19
10.46
12.48
13.62
11.58
10.12
10.50
12.88
11.12
11.65

409.35
381.27
385.13
317.13
402.76
484.10
453.44
438.74
308.95
340.98
479.48
411.50
410.59

421.02
394.81
421.07
366.03
421.04
491.63
546.72
463.73
382.74
411.46
516.68
444.05
485.20

436.40
402.79
439.97
369.44
437.23
505.44
555.70
479.41
403.79
429.45
546.11
474.82
488.14

Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

Savannah
Hawaii
Honolulu
Idaho
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul

Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
See footnotes at end of table.

138



ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
ANNUAL AVERAGES
2. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas—Continued
Average weekly hours

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

State and area
1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

1986

Indiana

41.7

40.9

41.5

$10.45

$10.71

$10.81

$435.76

$438.04

$448.62

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City

40.2
41.7
40.7
40.8
38.0

40.2
40.5
40.0
40.0
39.2

40.5
40.3
40.2
39.8
40.5

10.24
10.99
12.24
10.90
8.77

10.32
11.25
11.72
11.76
8.24

10.33
11.37
11.45
11.22
8.50

411.65
458.28
498.17
444.72
333.26

414.86
455.63
468.80
470.40
323.01

418.37
458.21
460.29
446.56
344.25

Kansas
Topeka
Wichita

40.1
40.8
41.1

39.5
40.8
38.8

40.3
40.9
39.0

9.38
9.85
10.04

9.45
10.57
10.26

9.74
11.03
10.28

376.14
401.88
412.64

373.28
431.26
398.09

392.52
451.13
400.92

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville

39.2
39.5
41.1

38.9
39.0
40.5

39.2
37.4
40.9

9.28
9.78
10.49

9.53
10.11
10.66

9.86
10.30
10.90

363.78
386.31
431.14

370.72
394.29
431.73

386.51
385.22
445.81

Louisiana
Baton Rouge ..
New Orleans
Shreveport

41.6
42.7
41.5
42.0

41.7
43.6
41.0
40.0

41.8
42.2
40.5
40.9

10.06
11.96
10.31
10.05

10.43
12.48
10.52
10.57

10.60
12.41
10.67
11.22

418.50
510.69
427.87
422.10

434.93
544.13
431.32
422.80

443.08
523.70
432.14
458.90

Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland

39.9
37.7
38.6

40.0
38.7
38.3

40.6
38.6
38.9

8.05
6.58
8.08

8.40
6.78
8.90

8.65
7.19
9.17

321.20
248.07
311.89

336.00
262.39
340.87

351.19
277.53
356.71

Maryland
Baltimore MSA

41.0
41.4

40.3
41.1

40.5
41.1

9.45
9.86

9.73
10.24

9.96
10.46

387.45
408.20

392.12
420.86

403.38
429.91

Massachusetts
Boston
Springfield
Worcester

40.1
40.1
41.4
40.1

40.7
40.4
41.8
41.0

41.3
40.5
42.4
40.4

8.50
9.22
8.50
8.60

9.00
9.64
8.89
9.03

9.24
10.12
8.98
9.42

340.85
369.72
351.90
344.86

366.30
389.46
371.60
370.23

381.61
409.86
380.75
380.57

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland ...

43.2
45.4
41.7
44.1
44.7
41.7
42.2
41.8
44.3
40.7
43.6

43.1
44.7
41.8
43.9
45.6
41.0
41.7
43.1
42.9
40.4
43.9

42.6
44.0
41.8
43.6
43.7
40.7
41.5
43.1
42.5
40.4
43.6

12.18
13.10
12.53
12.88
14.09
10.33
9.86
11.41
13.77
10.89
14.35

12.64
13.35
13.15
13.40
14.62
10.61
9.99
11.85
14.47
11.23
14.08

12.80
13.83
13.45
13.74
14.57
10.70
10.19
11.91
14.25
11.51
14.03

526.18
594.74
522.50
568.01
629.82
430.76
416.09
476.94
610.01
443.22
625.66

544.78
596.74
549.67
588.26
666.67
435.01
416.58
510.73
620.76
453.69
618.11

545.28
608.52
562.21
599.06
636.71
435.49
422.88
513.32
605.63
465.00
611.71

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud

40.3
38.8
40.6
39.3

40.3
38.2
40.8
40.8

40.6
37.4
40.9
39.4

9.75
10.10
10.43
8.95

10.05
10.70
10.79
9.54

10.20
10.77
10.99
9.40

392.93
391.88
423.46
351.74

405.02
408.74
440.23
389.23

414.12
402.80
449.49
370.36

Mississippi
Jackson

40.6
41.1

40.6
41.1

40.2
40.2

6.95
7.81

7.22
8.17

7.46
8.30

282.17
320.99

293.13
335.79

299.89
333.66

Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield

40.5
41.3
39.2
40.9
39.3

40.2
41.2
40.0
40.2
40.0

40.5
40.6
39.9
40.8
41.2

9.31
10.55
8.41
10.62
8.46

9.57
11.13
8.85
11.11
8.82

9.80
11.16
9.34
11.28
8.86

377.06
435.72
329.67
434.36
332.49

384.71
458.56
354.00
446.62
352.80

396.90
453.10
372.67
460.22
365.03

Montana

39.2

39.1

39.4

10.76

10.95

10.95

421.79

428.15

431.43

Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha

40.5
40.9
40.4

40.3
39.1
40.4

40.4
40.2
40.4

8.93
9.32
9.35

9.02
9.61
9.64

9.26
9.70
9.83

361.67
381.19
377.74

363.51
375.75
389.46

374.10
389.94
397.13

Nevada
Las Vegas

39.8
39.6

40.4
39.9

40.2
39.4

9.12
11.37

9.15
11.07

9.36
11.32

362.98
450.25

369.66
441.69

376.27
446.01

See footnotes at end of table.




139

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
ANNUAL AVERAGES
2. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas—Continued
Average weekly hours

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

State and area
1984

New Hampshire

41.0
41.3

Nashua

1984
40.7
40.9

41.2
41.6

$7.86
9.30

1985
$8.39
9.89

$8.80
10.52

9.86

New Jersey

1984

1985

1986

$322.26
384.09

$341.47
404.50

$362.56
437.63

390.45

1986

402.29

417.36

39.9
39.4

39.8
39.8

39.5
39.8

7.97
7.80

8.41
8.37

8.78
8.89

318.00
307.32

334.72
333.13

346.81
353.82

39.8
40.4
41.1
41.5
40.6
39.5
40.5
37.3
36.9
42.3
39.2
43.2
42.1
40.4
41.4
41.2
39.8

39.8
40.1
40.1
42.1
40.2
40.2
40.4
37.4
37.0
42.4
38.1
42.3
42.2
41.7
40.9
41.3
39.5

39.9
40.6
40.3
42.4
41.1
40.9
40.4
37.4
37.0
41.7
38.9
42.4
41.6
40.9
41.0
41.5
39.1

9.22
9.39
8.24
11.45
8.97
9.32
9.11
8.38
8.28
11.81
7.01
8.60
11.09
9.50
10.42
8.40
8.90

9.67
9.66
8.56
12.10
9.08
9.55
9.46
8.83
8.67
12.57
7.24
8.67
11.74
9.32

9.92
10.23

10.02

9.43
9.61
10.04
9.17
9.01
12.67
7.90
9.03
11.98
9.59
11.20
9.31
10.28

366.96
379.36
338.66
475.18
364.18
368.14
368.96
312.57
305.53
499.56
274.79
371.52
466.89
383.80
431.39
346.08
354.22

384.87
387.37
343.26
509.41
365.02
383.91
382.18
330.24
320.79
532.97
275.84
366.74
495.43
388.64
445.81
357.25
395.79

395.81
415.34
361.49
510.07
387.57
393.05
405.62
342.96
333.37
528.34
307.31
382.87
498.37
392.23
459.20
386.37
401.95

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham

39.9
41.0
40.1
39.4
41.3

39.6
41.1
39.7
39.2
41.2

40.7
41.4
41.5
40.2
41.5

7.01
7.07
7.08
7.68
8.04

7.29
7.35
7.41
7.99
8.28

7.54
7.61
7.74
8.32
8.58

279.70
289.87
283.91
302.59
332.05

288.68
302.09
294.18
313.21
341.14

306.88
315.05
321.21
334.46
356.07

North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead

38.4
37.5

38.6
38.0

38.2
37.5

7.86
8.24

8.05
8.33

8.18
8.46

301.82
309.00

310.73
316.54

312.48
317.25

42.3
43.7
40.4
41.8
42.0
40.5
42.6
43.2
43.3

42.0
43.2
39.8
41.4
41.8
40.9
43.2
42.6
43.1

42.1
43.2
40.3
42.1
42.1
41.1
42.8
42.4
41.6

10.96
10.77
10.83
10.56
10.86
10.52
11.13
11.63
12.84

11.38
11.00
10.95
10.67
11.19
10.83
11.97
12.29
13.24

11.56
11.22
11.21
10.76
11.44
11.22
12.03
12.43
13.30

463.61
470.65
437.53
441.41
456.12
426.06
474.14
502.42
555.97

477.96
475.20
435.81
441.74
467.74
442.95
517.10
523.55
570.64

486.68
484.70
451.76
453.00
481.62
461.14
514.88
527.03
553.28

Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

41.6
41.2
40.7

41.3
41.5
39.8

41.3
40.3
39.8

9.64
10.03
10.26

9.86
10.68
10.42

9.80
10.86
10.49

401.02
413.24
417.58

407.22
443.22
414.72

404.74
437.66
417.50

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland

39.2
39.2
39.6
37.5

38.7
39.4
38.6
36.8

39.0
39.6
39.3
37.2

10.44
10.69
10.42
8.76

10.50
10.77
10.45
8.83

10.56
10.81
10.87
9.02

409.25
419.05
412.63
328.50

406.35
424.34
403.37
324.94

411.84
428.08
427.19
335.54

New Mexico
Albuquerque
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County

Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

Salem
See footnotes at end of table.

140



...

,

10.90
8.65

8.97
12.03

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
ANNUAL AVERAGES
2. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas—Continued
Average weekly hours

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

State and area

1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

40.2
39.1
39.3
41.2
42.1
39.9
37.2
39.9
40.3
41.0
40.6
38.1

39.9
39.2
39.2
39.8
42.0
39.5
37.3
39.9
40.1
40.7
40.2
38.2

$9.28
9.86
8.12
11.47
9.88
8.94
8.37
8.69
9.65
10.78
9.43
7.76

O
(1)

O
(1)
39.6
40.9

8.18
8.60

8.52
8.91

$9.74
10.21
8.56
11.68
10.21
9.25
8.30
9.45
10.43
11.07
9.91
8.55
11.38
8.03
8.62
9.17

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence

39.4
41.5
40.9
40.2
40.6

40.2
38.8
38.8
41.0
41.9
39.8
37.8
40.2
40.3
41.2
40.5
38.5
40.4
39.1
40.0
41.5

40.2
40.3
40.2

40.5
40.4
39.9

7.33
6.76
7.39

7.59
7.20
7.46

South Carolina
Charleston
,
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg .

40.8
42.3
40.6
40.5

40.4
44.5
40.4
40.8

41.1
41.9
40.2
41.3

7.28
8.71
7.19
7.10

South Dakota

42.1
46.6

41.8
45.4

42.0
45.6

40.9
42.1
41.8
41.1
41.1
41.2

41.0
41.5
42.5
40.6
41.8
40.5

Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington .
Houston
San Antonio

41.7
41.2
42.0
43.0
40.6

Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden.

$9.57
10.28
8.31
11.54
10.09
9.07
8.34
9.24
10.02
11.02
9.80
8.17

1986

1984

1985

1986

$373.06
385.53
319.12
472.56
415.95
356.71
311.36
346.73
388.90
441.98
382.86
295.66

$381.84
402.98
325.75
459.29
423.78
358.27
311.08
368.68
401.80
448.51
393.96
312.09
337.39
364.42

7.90
7.41
7.90

322.29
356.90
299.80
270.57
299.83

$391.55
396.15
332.13
478.88
427.80
368.15
313.74
379.89
420.33
456.08
401.36
329.18
459.75
313.97
344.80
380.56

305.11
290.16
299.89

319.95
299.36
315.21

7.61
9.31
7.56
7.41

7.92
9.17
7.72
7.76

297.07
368.69
291.67
287.78

307.44
414.30
305.42
302.33

325.51
384.22
310.34
320.49

7.14
6.93

7.43
7.33

7.72
7.92

300.59
322.94

310.57
332.78

324.24
361.15

41.2
42.0
43.7
39.4
43.0
39.6

7.93
7.36
8.44
8.80
8.26
8.95

8.29
7.42
8.82
8.89
8.64
9.30

8.58
7.62
9.07
8.95
8.78
9.56

324.34
309.86
352.49
353.76
339.49
368.74

339.72
307.93
374.85
360.93
361.15
376.65

353.50
320.04
396.36
352.63
377.54
378.58

41.2
41.6
41.3
42.6
40.1

41.4
41.9
41.8
42.3
41.0

9.04
8.63
8.83
10.79
6.72

9.41
9.13
9.39
11.08
7.16

9.65
9.45
9.69
11.15
7.36

376.97
355.56
370.86
463.97
272.83

387.69
379.81
387.81
472.01
287.12

399.51
395.96
405.04
471.65
301.76

39.9
40.9

40.1
40.3

39.9
40.6

8.92
8.59

9.64
9.23

10.05
9.80

355.91
351.33

386.56
371.97

401.00
397.88

Vermont
Burlington ..,.

40.6
42.6

40.7
42.5

40.7
42.8

8.03
8.89

8.41
9.21

8.83
9.65

326.02
378.71

342.29
391.43

359.38
413.02

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke

40.3
39.0
40.2
40.4
40.0
40.3
40.8
40.9

40.1
38.9
39.5
40.0
39.5
40.0
40.5
41.0

40.4
40.4
40.7
40.6
40.8
40.9
40.5
40.7

8.10
6.74
7.05
7.49
7.84
8.66
10.47
7.38

8.51
7.27
7.13
7.93
8.16
8.80
10.62
7.64

8.84
7.45
7.44
8.27
8.42
9.33
11.17
8.24

326.43
262.86
283.41
302.60
313.60
349.00
427.18
301.84

341.25
282.80
281.64
317.20
322.32
352.00
430.11
313.24

357.14
300.98
302.81
335.76
343.54
381.60
452.39
335.37

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County ...
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA .................
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport ..
York

Sioux Falls
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol.
Knoxville
Memphis
,
Nashville

...

..

O
0

See footnotes at end of table.




11
4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
ANNUAL AVERAGES
2. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas—Continued
Average weekly hours

Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

State and area
1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

1986

1984

1985

Washington

38.8

39.0

39.4

$11.57

$11.63

$11.77

$448.92

$453.57

$463.74

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland..
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling

40.3
43.0
39.5
41.7
40.4

39.9
42.1
38.8
41.8
40.5

40.3
42.2
39.3
42.2
40.5

9.93
12.19
11.20
11.05
11.40

10.24
12.65
11.39
11.63
11.60

10.38
12.78
11.72
12.22
11.62

400.18
524.17
442.40
460.79
460.56

408.58
532.57
441.93
486.13
469.80

418.31
539.32
460.60
515.68
470.61

Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh ....
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee

41.1
42.6
41.4
41.4
41.0
40.4
38.7
41.0
41.3
40.2
40.0
41.7

41.1
42.9
41.4
41.8
41.0
38.9
38.8
41.0
41.0
39.4
39.6
41.9

41.3
42.6
40.5
42.1
39.8
40.0
39.3
40.9
41.2
40.3
40.7
41.8

10.03
9.75
9.92
10.58
11.55
11.70
8.84
9.53
11.24
10.58
9.56
9.32

10.26
10.08
10.32
11.05
12.13
12.18
9.04
9.51
11.55
10.58
9.58
9.60

10.35
10.32
10.42
11.22
11.98
11.16
9.26
9.76
11.65
10.86
9.51
9.79

412.23
415.35
410.69
438.01
473.55
472.68
342.11
390.73
464.21
425.32
382.40
388.64

421.69
432.43
427.25
461.89
497.33
473.80
350.75
389.91
473.55
416.85
379.37
402.24

427.46
439.63
422.01
472.36
476.80
446.40
363.92
399.18
479.98
437.66
387.06
409.22

Wyoming

39.5

40.9

39.0

9.14

9.64

9.70

361.03

394.28

378.30

Puerto Rico

38.7

38.5

39.0

5.02

5.19

5.31

194.27

199.82

207.09

Virgin islands

42.7

41.7

42.1

9.51

9.44

9.77

405.41

393.65

411.32

Racine
Sheboygan

Wausau

1
Not available.
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

142



publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1986
benchmarks.

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
3. Labor force status by State and selected metropofitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
State and area
1985

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery ...,
Tuscaloosa

Percent of
labor force

Number

....

1986

1,802.0
417.8
117.7
203.3
127.7
64.3

1,883.0
440.7
126.3
211.1
134.4
68.4

1985

160.0
30.2
7.0
18.7
9.2
4.4

1986

185.0
36.4
9.1
22.5
10.1
5.3

1985

1986

8.9
7.2
6.0
9.2
7.2
6.8

9.8
8.3
7.2
10.7
7.5
7.7

250.0

256.0

24.0

28.0

9.7

10.8

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

1,477.0
914.8
289.4

1,586.0
983.1
308.4

96.0
46.6
15.3

110.0
55.0
17.6

6.5
5.1
5.3

6.9
5.6
5.7

Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

1,052.0
53.1
84.1
246.6
35.7

1,073.0
54.5
87.4
252.0
37.7

91.0
2.4
6.6
15.6
3.3

94.0
2.6
6.4
17.4
3.1

8.7
4.5
7.8
6.3
9.2

8.7
4.8
7.3
6.9
8.3

12,995.0
1,198.1
219.2
286.2
3,995.0
141.0
982.8
310.0
797.2
615.3
148.2
967.2
862.3
812.0
171.4
173.8
181.4
170.1

13,365.0
1,249.9
222.5
292.5
4,095.0
145.2
1,015.2
323.5
851.6
644.6
151.2
1,017.6
870.6
800.5
177.0
180.1
183.4
180.0

935.0
52.2
25.2
37.0
281.0
21.5
62.1
22.6
56.9
43.6
15.7
51.3
42.5
47.8
9.6
10.7
23.2
12.2

892.0
49.9
26.7
36.1
273.0
20.4
59.4
22.3
54.6
40.0
15.6
50.7
39.6
46.3
9.1
10.3
21.3
11.7

7.2
4.4
11.5
12.9
7.0
15.2
6.3
7.3
7.1
7.1
10.6
5.3
4.9
5.9
5.6
6.1
12.8
7.2

6.7
4.0
12.0
12.3
6.7
14.1
5.8
6.9
6.4
6.2
10.3
5.0
4.5
5.8
5.1
5.7
11.6
6.5

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

1,719.0
131.6
914.9

1,694.0
129.6
900.0

101.0
6.7
45.2

126.0
7.7
59.8

5.9
5.1
4.9

7.4
6.0
6.6

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury

1,711.0
227.7
405.2
73.0
265.8
115.5
103.1

1,740.0
229.6
417.9
74.5
271.2
116.9
102.8

83.0
13.0
18.3
4.0
12.9
3.9
6.5

66.0
10.8
13.9
3.2
10.0
3.2
5.6

4.9
5.7
4.5
5.5
4.9
3.4
6.3

3.8
4.7
3.3
4.3
3.7
2.8
5.4

317.0
275.0

325.0
281.6

17.0
15.1

14.0
14.1

5.3
5.5

4.3
5.0

District of Columbia
Washington

325.0
1,970.8

328.0
2,041.2

27.0
73.8

25.0
71.5

8.4
3.7

7.7
3.5

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melboume-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

5,344.0
131.0
559.6
114.4
95.3
399.4
167.2
162.8
875.9
483.6
139.1
103.3
110.8
877.0
347.8

5,588.0
138.9
581.2
122.6
100.0
419.0
169.6
169.8
892.9
522.7
145.3
108.2
116.5
917.8
368.5

320.0
6.3
27.1
5.5
3.3
20.8
18.4
7.6
65.7
23.5
8.2
4.4
4.5
43.5
21.6

320.0
7.0
25.9
5.2
3.4
22.6
17.9
10.2
59.7
24.3
9.6
4.3
4.4
46.8
21.8

6.0
4.8
4.8
4.8
3.4
5.2
11.0
4.7
7.5
4.9
5.9
4.2
4.1
5.0
6.2

5.7
5.0
4.4
4.2
3.4
5.4
10.6
6.0
6.7
4.6
6.6
4.0
3.8
5.1
5.9

Alaska

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

Delaware
Wilmington

»

,

See footnotes at end of table.




143

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

1986

1985

1986

178.0
6.2
3.6
64.7
10.1
7.5
7.7
7.0

6.5
8.8
5.8
5.0
6.4
8.0
7.2
7.2

5.9
10.9
5.1
4.6
5.8
7.6
6.0
6.5

27.0
18.5

24.0
16.2

5.6
5.1

4.8
4.4

468.0
101.6

37.0
5.9

41.0
6.0

7.9
5.9

8.7
5.9

5,668.0
167.4
61.8
81.9
3,107.4
178.2
58.7
188.0
44.7
250.0
155.1
144.1
103.7

5,686.0
169.7
62.9
84.9
3,115.2
182.8
59.7
189.8
44.5
252.8
153.8
146.3
105.7

513.0
13.2
3.8
4.5
255.7
19.4
6.3
15.8
5.2
14.9
17.0
13.9
6.9

461.0
11.7
3.4
3.9
230.2
17.6
6.4
14.0
4.5
13.1
13.8
12.8
6.0

9.0
7.9
6.2
5.5
8.2
10.9
10.7
8.4
11.6
5.9
11.0
9.6
6.6

8.1
6.9
5.5
4.6
7.4
9.6
10.6
7.4
10.1
5.2
9.0
8.7
5.7

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka ...
Terre Haute

2,728.0
61.6
56.6
87.5
143.4
182.9
266.0
630.9
49.5
63.9
59.1
125.0
60.6

2,750.0
61.4
57.5
89.5
143.9
189.6
259.3
647.4
50.2
64.5
59.5
126.0
60.3

215.0
4.5
3.1
5.5
11.0
11.6
32.7
38.8
3.5
3.0
4.9
8.7
5.1

185.0
3.9
2.2
4.4
9.8
9.9
30.3
33.2
4.4
2.5
4.2
7.4
4.2

7.9
7.3
5.5
6.3
7.7
6.3
12.3
6.1
7.1
4.7
8.2
6.9
8.4

6.7
6.4
3.9
4.9
6.8
5.2
11.7
5.1
8.8
3.9
7.1
5.9
7.0

Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls

1,412.0
85.7
204.9
42.3
54.7
56.6
70.1

1,432.0
88.2
213.2
43.0
56.4
57.7
69.1

112.0
6.2
13.1
4.0
1.7
4.8
9.6

100.0
5.5
12.1
3.3
1.5
4.6
8.5

8.0
7.2
6.4
9.6
3.1
8.5
13.7

7.0
6.2
5.7
7.7
2.7
7.9
12.2

Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka.
Wichita LMA

1,235.0
36.4
87.2
223.1

1,224.0
37.2
86.5
222.9

62.0
1.4
4.4
12.9

67.0
1.4
4.4
13.3

5.0
3.9
5.1
5.8

5.4
3.8
5.1
6.0

Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro

1,696.0
179.8
493.6
45.7

1,690.0
179.5
492.7
45.4

161.0
9.2
39.3
4.7

156.0
9.5
34.7
4.8

9.5
5.1
8.0
10.2

9.3
5.3
7.0
10.6

Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport

1,986.0
57.8
260.2
79.4
111.5
76.3
68.5
610.5
169.4

1,988.0
60.5
263.5
77.5
108.1
75.7
70.0
607.0
168.8

228.0
5.9
26.8
9.1
10.0
11.3
6.5
66.7
15.3

261.0
6.3
28.8
13.4
15.0
10.9
7.1
65.9
20.2

11.5
10.1
10.3
11.5
9.0
14.9
9.5
10.9
9.0

13.1
10.5
10.9
17.2
13.9
14.4
10.1
10.9
11.9

553.0
40.1
112.1

562.0
40.3
117.2

30.0
2.9
3.4

30.0
2.8
3.0

5.4
7.1
3.0

5.3
7.0
2.6

1985

1985

1986

2,880.0
55.3
68.5
1,314.7
166.4
96.7
123.6
103.0

3,014.0
56.4
71.7
1,404.6
173.1
98.8
127.1
107.9

188.0
4.9
4.0
65.7
10.6
7.8
8.9
7.4

Hawaii
Honolulu .

478.0
358.9

488.0
366.7

Idaho
Boise City ..

465.0
99.8

Illinois
.. .
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul .. .
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline .
Decatur..
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
;
Rockford
Springfield

Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
.
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Maine
Lewiston-Aubum
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.

144




.....
—

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Percent of
labor force

Number

State and area

1985

1985

1986

105.0
59.3

4.6
5.3

4.5
5.2

120.0
51.0
4.0
5.0
2.2
9.0
5.7
5.7
1.7
10.9
7.6

117.0
49.5
4.1
4.9
2.2
8.8
6.0
5.2
1.7
10.3
7.7

3.9
3.4
4.2
6.5
4.7
5.0
3.8
6.5
4.3
4.4
3.7

3.8
3.3
4.3
6.5
4.8
4.8
4.1
6.2
4.1
4.2
3.7

4,393.0
149.4
61.4
75.4
2,129.0
201.9
332.0
61.5
110.6
228.9
67.5
181.9

433.0
9.0
6.6
8.4
191.6
24.6
28.8
6.6
7.7
17.1
8.7
19.8

385.0
7.0
5.6
6.8
174.5
21.5
24.7
5.6
6.6
16.0
7.4
18.1

9.9
6.2
10.6
11.1
9.1
12.2
8.7
10.8
7.1
7.6
12.6
11.0

8.8
4.7
9.1
9.0
8.2
10.6
7.4
9.1
6.0
7.0
I 11.0
1
10.0

2,221.0
103.4
1,294.5
56.6
86.8

2,213.0
102.0
1,306.8
55.8
88.1

133.0
11.3
59.1
2.5
6.4

118.0
9.7
54.9
2.2
5.1

6.0
10.9
4.6
4.4
7.3

'

Mississippi..
Jackson ..

1,129.0
187.5

1,163.0
195.4

116.0
12.9

136.0
15.5

10.3
6.9

11.7
7.9

Missouri
Kansas City .
St. Joseph ...
St. Louis
Springfield ..

2,463.0
783.9
40.8
1,206.7
112.0

2,529.0
796.8
41.3
1,237.3
115.9

158.0
36.8
2.9
89.9
5.8

154.0
37.0
3.2
86.8
5.4

6.4
4.7
7.1
7.4
5.2

6.1
4.6
7.6
7.0
4.7

Montana

405.0

407.0

31.0

33.0

Nebraska...
Lincoln ....
Omaha ..

804.0
116.4
310.2

803.0
117.7
312.6

44.0
4.1
18.1

40.0
3.7
16.7

5.5
3.6
5.8

5.0
3.1
5.3

Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno

521.0
296.3
132.7

541.0
310.0
136.3

42.0
25.4
9.1

32.0
19.1
7.0

8.0
8.6
6.8

6.0
6.2
5.1

New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester

538.0
88.3
120.0

562.0
91.5
124.6

21.0
3.2
4.6

16.0
2.7
3.4

3.9
3.6
3.9

2.8
2.9
2.7

3,835.0
166.2
699.5
265.3
522.8
437.2
963.4
161.4
56.2

3,892.0
171.5
704.1
267.5
533.6
452.7
962.7
167.9
56.8

217.0
14.0
37.4
24.3
22.6
20.0
56.8
7.6
5.9

196.0
12.3
32.7
21.5
20.4
18.5
51.4
7.2
5.3

5.7
8.4
5.3
9.2
4.3
4.6
5.9
4.7
10.5

5.0
7.2
4.6
8.0
3.8
4.1
5.3
4.3
9.3

642.0
240.5
49.7
59.1

672.0
253.6
55.3
63.9

57.0
16.2
4.3
3.2

62.0
16.4
4.1
3.5

8.8
6.7
8.6
5.3

9.2
6.5
7.4
5.5

1985

1986

Maryland
Baltimore

2,261.0
1,111.0

2,358.0
1,150.3

104.0
59.4

Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster ..
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield ..........
Worcester

3,050.0
1,515.3
94.5
76.7
46.1
181.8
148.9
87.7
40.4
247.5
204.7

3,051.0
1,513.7
95.5
76.5
46.4
182.6
148.8
84.8
40.9
246.7
207.7

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor....
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing ...
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland .

4,355.0
144.6
61.9
75.4
2,097.3
201.2
329.0
61.4
107.7
224.7
68.9
180.6

Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester..,
St. Cloud

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe

1986

5.3
9.5
4.2
3.9
5.8

See footnotes at end of table.




145

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force

Pprppnt of
r vi vvi ii \J\

Number

State and area
1985

1986

8,312.0
406.0
126.4
428.7
38.9
50.3
1,361.7
3,879.6
3,225.0
122.5
126.6
484.7
311.2
133.6

8,408.0
412.3
126.0
439.3
39.6
52.0
1,406.6
3,876.9
3,208.0
126.0
126.5
493.7
317.3
135.2

544.0
21.1
7.7
31.4
3.2
3.5
61.8
285.7
261.0
6.4
4.5
25.1
18.3
9.9

3,121.0
85.2
576.2
490.0
366.6

3,194.0
85.8
594.9
499.8
381.9

333.0
44.7
80.2
34.0

1985

labor force
1986

1985

1986

526.0
21.4
7.7
31.8
2.7
3.6
61.1
261.1
236.0
6.4
4.8
28.1
23.5
9.6

6.5
5.2
6.1
7.3
8.3
7.0
4.5
7.4
8.1
5.3
3.6
5.2
5.9
7.4

6.3
5.2
6.1
7.2
6.8
6.9
4.3
6.7
7.4
5.1
3.8
5.7
7.4
7.1

168.0
4.2
29.2
22.0
10.1

170.0
4.5
27.5
23.3
12.5

5.4
5.0
5.1
4.5
2.8

5.3
5.2
4.6
4.7
3.3

331.0
44.2
81.5
34.5

20.0
3.3
3.4
1.3

21.0
3.1
3.4
1.3

5.9
7.3
4.2
3.8

6.3
7.0
4.2
3.8

5,139.0
317.8
189.5
710.7
926.0
649.4
450.4
296.5
221.3

5,234.0
319.5
190.3
726.5
934.3
675.7
462.0
308.0
224.9

456.0
27.9
20.0
51.6
76.8
43.8
32.4
24.3
25.0

426.0
25.6
19.4
47.2
70.2
41.3
30.4
25.9
23.8

8.9
8.8
10.6
7.3
8.3
6.7
7.2
8.2
11.3

8.1
8.0
10.2
6.5
7.5
6.1
6.6
8.4
10.6

Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

1,562.0
31.7
46.6
508.7
344.7

1,593.0
31.2
48.4
517.1
357.9

112.0
2.2
2.3
30.1
25.1

131.0
2.5
2.4
34.8
30.2

7.1
6.9
5.0
5.9
7.3

8.2
7.9
5.0
6.7
8.5

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Portland
Salem

1,315.0
129.6
594.6
120.4

1,347.0
132.9
608.0
124.4

116.0
11.5
44.0
9.9

114.0
11.4
43.8
10.6

8.8
8.9
7.4
8.2

8.5
8.5
7.2
8.5

5,528.0
316.3
57.5
67.8
126.6
297.2
94.9
198.0
2,293.8
955.9
166.2
337.4
49.4
55.6
54.3
202.4

5,634.0
319.4
58.6
65.0
128.7
302.5
94.7
207.6
2,364.9
953.5
169.1
345.3
49.3
57.4
55.9
206.6

443.0
25.4
5.8
10.2
10.9
16.6
12.1
8.9
136.2
89.9
12.1
32.0
4.9
4.1
5.1
13.7

386.0
23.5
5.4
8.1
10.9
14.3
10.1
7.1
123.2
76.2
10.8
28.6
4.1
3.5
3.9
10.9

8.0
8.0
10.1
15.1
8.6
5.6
12.8
4.5
5.9
9.4
7.3
9.5
9.9
7.4
9.3
6.8

6.8
7.4
9.2
12.5
8.5
4.7
10.7
3.4
5.2
8.0
6.4
8.3
8.4
6.0
7.1
5.3

500.0
162.8
326.1

510.0
166.1
332.1

25.0
9.1
16.0

21.0
8.1
13.3

4.9
5.6
4.9

4.0
4.9
4.0

1,562.0
208.1
212.8
307.3

1,602.0
216.9
220.2
318.3

107.0
9.1
7.9
18.4

100.0
10.1
8.5
16.9

6.8
4.4
3.7
6.0

6.2
4.7
3.8
5.3

343.0
37.4
68.0

345.0
37.9
68.6

18.0
2.0
3.1

16.0
1.7
2.8

5.1
5.4
4.6

4.7
4.6
4.1

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City
Orange County
Poughkeepsie ...
Rochester...
Syracuse
Utica-Rome ..

. ...

. ...

North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren

... .

.

................

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carhsle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon .
State College
Williamsport
York
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
See footnotes at end of table.

146




--

...

STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
State and area

Percent of
labor force

Number
1985

1986

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis LMA
Nashville

2 257 0
196 9
208 8
273.1
419.3
489 6

2 301 0
200 8
208 8
275 9
432 4
503 2

180 0
144
159
20 2
27.7
22 9

Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazona
Brownsville-Harhngen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Chnsti
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edmburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls

8 080 0
56.3
101.0
410.7
169.0
80.0
92.5
56.5
166.0
1,374.5
216.2
630.6
107.8
1,644.6
85.3
42.6
80.7
109.1
138.6
53.8
62.0
45.1
560.6
47.1
56.7
75.1
38.8
88.4
56.8

8 159 0
55.4
98.8
421.6
163.3
80.9
94.5
57.5
165.3
1,407.4
224.6
649.9
107.5
1,612.3
88.4
44.1
80.6
110.1
143.3
52.4
59.8
45.4
577.9
48.1
56.9
75.8
38.2
90.5
56.7

Utah ...
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen

731.0
93.4
480.8

Vermont
Burlington

1985

1986

1985

1986

185 0
142
157
21 5
29 5
24 9

80
73
76
74
6.6
47

80
7 1
75
78
68
49

565 0
3.2
5.9
17.2
22.8
6.8
13.4
2.7
15.4
64.0
23.3
31.6
11.1
128.5
5.9
6.0
7.8
6.6
26.4
2.9
3.9
2.4
33.5
3.2
4.8
5.1
2.6
5.2
3.4

726 0
5.0
6.6
23.7
23.6
8.9
15.0
3.7
20.2
80.1
25.9
42.5
12.2
165.5
6.9
7.3
10.0
7.5
28.1
5.6
8.8
3.2
41.9
3.6
5.2
6.7
3.9
7.1
4.7

70
5.7
5.8
4.2
13.5
8.4
14.5
4.8
9.3
4.7
10.8
5.0
10.3
7.8
6.9
14.1
9.6
6.0
19.0
5.4
6.3
5.2
6.0
6.9
8.5
6.8
6.7
5.9
6.0

89
9.0
6.7
5.6
14.4
11.0
15.9
6.4
12.2
5.7
11.5
6.5
11.3
10.3
7.7
16.5
12.4
6.8
19.6
10.6
14.7
7.0
7.3
7.5
9.1
8.9
10.2
7.8
8.3

755.0
97 6
498 2

43.0
61
25 6

45.0
6.2
26.6

5.9
6.5
5.3

6.0
6.4
5.3

278 0
68 8

292 0
72 5

130
23

140
25

48
34

47
34

Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Richmond-Petersburg
.. ..
Roanoke ..

2 857.0
63.9
52 5
71 8
563 2
406.7
115.7

2 885 0
63.2
50 6
69 4
571 8
409 3
1169

160 0
3.2
56
47
28 9
193
57

145 0
2.5
48
43
27 9
180
5.6

56
5.1
107
66
5 1
48
4.9

5.0
3.9
95
6.3
49
44
4.8

Washington
Seattle

2 087 0
906.4

2 178 0
955 4

170 0
60 0

179 0
62.1

81
6.6

82
6.5

764.0
119 1
129 5
72 4
75 0

743 0
1163
126 6
71 9
72 0

100 0
12 8
154
80
10 1

88 0
10 9
139
7.8
83

130
107
11 9
11 1
134

11 8
94
11 0
10.9
11 5

2 373 0
154 7
65 7
97 6
68 1
54.1
50 0
200 1
700 1
83 8
51 8
56 3

2 399 0
158 1
67 9
100 3
69 1
51 9
50 1
203 9
710 8
84 6
51 9
57 1

171 0
108
48
60
49
62
30
88
44 7
78
33
46

169 0
108
45
60
62
65
30
9 1
43 5
72
32
43

72
70
72
62
73
11 5
6 1
44
64
93
64
83

70
68
66
60
90
124
59
45
6 1
85
62
75

250.0

249.0

18.0

22.0

7.1

9.0

West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
. .
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

,

Wyoming
NOTE: Annual averages for States are obtained directly
from the Current Population Survey. Estimates for all sub-state
areas except New York City and Los Angeles-Long Beach are
based on administrative statistics adjusted to the statewide




totals. See the Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor
Force Data. Area definitions are published annually in the May
issue of this publication. Data for 1985-86 have been adjusted
to new benchmark levels.

147

Area definitions
State and area

Type of
area

Definition

Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa

MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

Blount, Jefferson, St. Clair, Shelby, and Walker Counties
Madison County
Baldwin and Mobile Counties
Autauga, Elmore, and Montgomery Counties
Tuscaloosa County

Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson

MSA
MSA

Maricopa County
'ima County

Arkansas
Fayetteviile-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff

MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

Washington County
irawford and Sebastian Counties, Ark.; Sequoyah County, Okla.
Faulkner, Lonoke, Pulaski, and Saline Counties
Jefferson County

California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa

PMSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
PMSA
PMSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA
PMSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
PMSA

Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver

PMSA Boulder County
PMSA Adams, Arapahoe, Denver, Douglas, and Jefferson Counties

Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford

Hartford

New Britain
New Haven-Meriden

Stamford
Waterbury

Delaware
Wilmington .
District of Columbia
Washington

148



Orange County
Kern County
Fresno County
Los Angeles County
Stanislaus County
Alameda and Contra Costa Counties
Ventura County
Riverside and San Bernardino Counties
El Dorado, Placer, Sacramento, and Yolo Counties
Monterey County
San Diego County
Marin, San Francisco, and San Mateo Counties
Santa Clara County
Santa Barbara County
Sonoma County
San Joaquin County
Napa and Solano Counties

PMSA Bridgeport and Shelton cities, and Easton, Fairfield, Monroe, Stratford, and Trumbull
towns in Fairfield County; Ansonia, Derby, and Milford cities and Beacon Falls,
Oxford, and Seymour towns in New Haven County
PMSA Hartford city, and Avon, Bloomfield, Canton, East Granby, East Hartford, East
Windsor, Enfield, Farmington, Glastonbury, Granby, Manchester, Marlborough,
Newington, Rocky Hill, Simsbury, South Windsor, Suffield, West Hartford,
Wethersfield, Windsor, and Windsor Locks towns in Hartford County; Barkhamsted
and New Hartford towns in Litchfield County; East Haddam town in Middlesex County;
Colchester town in New London County; Andover, Bolton, Columbia, Coventry,
Ellington, Hebron, Somers, Stafford, Tolland, Vernon, and Willington towns in Tolland
County
PMSA New Britain city, and Berlin, Plainville, and Southington towns in Hartford County
MSA Clinton and Killingworth towns in Middlesex County; Meriden, New Haven, and West
Haven cities, and Bethany, Branford, Cheshire, East Haven, Guilford, Hamden,
Madison, North Branford, North Haven, Orange, Wallingford, and Woodbridge towns
in New Haven County
PMSA Stamford city, and Darien, Greenwich, and New Canaan towns in Fairfield County
MSA Bethlehem, Thomaston, Watertown, and Woodbury towns in Litchfield County;
Waterbury city, Naugatuck borough, and Middlebury, Prospect, Southbury, and Wolcott
towns in New Haven County

PMSA New Castle County, Del.; Cecil County, Md.; Salem County, N.J.

MSA

District of Columbia; Calvert, Charles, Frederick, Montgomery, and Prince Georges
Counties, Md.; Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas, and Manassas Park cities,
and Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, Prince William, and Stafford Counties, Va.

Area definitions—Continued
State and area

Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta

Type of
area

MSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

MSA
MSA
MSA

Definition

Volusia County
Broward County
Lee County
Alachua and Bradford Counties
Clay, Duval, Nassau, and St. Johns Counties
Polk County
Brevard County
Dade County
Orange, Osceola, and Seminole Counties
Escambia and Santa Rosa Counties
Sarasota County
Gadsden and Leon Counties
Hernando, Hillsborough, Pasco, and Pinellas Counties
Palm Beach County

MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

Dougherty and Lee Counties
Clarke, Jackson, Madison, and Oconee Counties
Barrow, Butts, Cherokee, Clayton, Cobb, Coweta, De Kalb, Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth,
Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding, Rockdale, Spalding, and Walton Counties
Columbia, McDuffie, and Richmond Counties, Ga.; Aiken County, S.C.
Chattahoochee and Muscogee Counties, Ga.; Russell County, Ala.
Bibb, Houston, Jones, and Peach Counties
Chatham and Effingham Counties

Hawaii
Honolulu

MSA

Honolulu County

Idaho
Boise City

MSA

Ada County

Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah

Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield

PMSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

Kane and Kendall Counties
McLean County
Champaign County
Cook, Du Page, and McHenry Counties
Henry and Rock Island Counties, III.; Scott County, Iowa
Macon County
Grundy and Will Counties
Kankakee County
Lake County
Peoria, Tazewell, and Woodford Counties
Boone and Winnebago Counties
Menard and Sangamon Counties

Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis

MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

Madison County
Monroe County
Elkhart County
Posey, Vanderburgh, and Warrick Counties, Ind.; Henderson County, Ky.
Allen, DeKalb, and Whitley Counties
Lake and Porter Counties
Boone, Hamilton, Hancock, Hendricks, Johnson, Marion, Morgan, and Shelby
Counties
Howard and Tipton Counties
Tippecanoe County
Delaware County
St. Joseph County
Clay and Vigo Counties

MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

Linn County
Dallas, Polk, and Warren Counties
Dubuque County
Johnson County
Woodbury County, Iowa; Dakota County, Nebr.
Black Hawk and Bremer Counties

MSA
MSA

Douglas County
Shawnee County
Butler and Sedgwick Counties

MSA

Bourbon, Clark, Fayette, Jessamine, Scott, and Woodford Counties

Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette




149

Area definitions—Continued
State and area

Type of
area

Definition

Kentucky—Continued
Louisville
Owensboro
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn

MSA
MSA

MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

MSA

Portland

MSA

Maryland
Baltimore

MSA

Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C.
Massachusetts
Boston

Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill ..

Lowell

New Bedford
Pittsfield

150



Bullitt, Jefferson, Oldham, and Shelby Counties, Ky.; Clark, Floyd, and Harrison
Counties, Ind.
Daviess County

Rapides Parish
Ascension, East Baton Rouge, Livingston, and West Baton Rouge Parishes
Lafourche and Terrebonne Parishes
Lafayette and St. Martin Parishes
Calcasieu Parish
Ouachita Parish
Jefferson, Orleans, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. John the Baptist, and St. Tammany
Parishes
Bossier and Caddo Parishes

Auburn and Lewiston cities, and Greene, Lisbon, Mechanic Falls, Poland, and
Sabattus towns in Androscoggin County
Portland, South Portland, and Westbrook cities, and Cape Elizabeth, Cumberland,
almouth, Freeport, Gorham, Gray, North Yarmouth, Raymond, Scarborough,
Standish, Windham, and Yarmouth towns in Cumberland County; Buxton, Hollis, and
Old Orchard Beach towns in York County

Baltimore city, and Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, Harford, Howard, and Queen
Anne's Counties
Baltimore City
Calvert, Charles, Frederick, Montgomery, and Prince Georges Counties

PMSA Mansfield, Norton, and Raynham towns in Bristol County; Lynn city and Lynnfield,
Nahant, and Saugus towns in Essex County; Cambridge, Everett, Maiden,
Marlborough, Medford, Melrose, Newton, Somerville, Waltham, and Woburn cities, and
Acton, Arlington, Ashland, Ayer, Bedford, Belmont, Boxborough, Burlington, Carlisle,
Concord, Framingham, Groton, Holliston, Hopkinton, Hudson, Lexington, Lincoln,
Littleton, Maynard, Natick, North Reading, Reading, Sherborn, Shirley, Stoneham,
Stow, Sudbury, Townsend, Wakefield, Watertown, Wayland, Weston, Wilmington, and
Winchester towns in Middlesex County; Quincy city, and Bellingham, Braintree,
Brookline, Canton, Cohasset, Dedham, Dover, Foxborough, Franklin, Holbrook,
Medfield, Medway, Millis, Milton, Needham, Norfolk, Norwood, Randolph, Sharon,
Stoughton, Walpole, Wellesley, Westwood, Weymouth, and Wrentham towns in
Norfolk County; Carver, Duxbury, Hanover, Hanson, Hingham, Hull, Kingston,
Lakeville, Marshfield, Middleborough, Norwell, Pembroke, Plymouth, Plympton,
Rockland, and Scituate towns in Plymouth County; Boston, Chelsea, and Revere cities
and Winthrop town in Suffolk County; Berlin, Bolton, Harvard, Hopedale, Lancaster,
Mendon, Milford, Southborough, and Upton towns in Worcester County
PMSA Easton town in Bristol County; Avon town in Norfolk County; Brockton city, and
Abington, Bridgewater, East Bridgewater, Halifax, West Bridgewater, and Whitman
towns in Plymouth County
PMSA Fall River city, and Somerset, Swansea, and Westport towns in Bristol County, Mass.;
Little Compton and Tiverton towns in Newport County, R.I.
MSA Ashby town in Middlesex County; Fitchburg and Leominster cities, and Ashbumham,
Lunenburg, and Westminster towns in Worcester County
PMSA Haverhill, Lawrence, and Newburyport cities, and Amesbury, Andover, Boxford,
Georgetown, Groveland, Merrimac, Methuen, Newbury, North Andover, Salisbury, and
West Newbury towns in Essex County, Mass.; Atkinson, Brentwood, Danville, Derry,
East Kingston, Hampstead, Kingston, Newton, Plaistow, Salem, Sandown, Seabrook,
and Windham towns in Rockingham County, N.H.
PMSA Lowell city, and Billerica, Chelmsford, Dracut, Dunstable, Pepperell, Tewksbury,
Tyngsborough, and Westford towns in Middlesex County and Pelham town in
Hillsborough County
MSA New Bedford city, and Acushnet, Dartmouth, Fairhaven, and Freetown towns in Bristol
County; Marion, Mattapoisett, and Rochester towns in Plymouth County
MSA Pittsfield city, and Cheshire, Dalton, Hinsdale, Lanesborough, Lee, Lenox, Richmond,
and Stockbridge towns in Berkshire County

Area definitions—Continued
State and area

Massachusetts—Continued
Springfield

Worchester.

Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul

Type of
area

MSA

MSA

PMSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

Definition

Chicopee, Holyoke, Springfield, and Westfield cities, and Agawam, East Longmeadow,
Hampden, Longmeadow, Ludlow, Monson, Montgomery, Palmer, Russell, Southwick,
West Springfield, and Wilbraham towns in Hampden County; Northampton city, and
Belchertown, Easthampton, Granby, Huntington, Southampton, and South Hadley
towns in Hampshire County
Worcester city, and Auburn, Barre, Boylston, Brookfield, Charlton, Clinton, Douglas,
Dudley, East Brookfield, Grafton, Holden, Leicester, Millbury, Northborough,
Northbridge, North Brookfield, Oxford, Paxton, Princeton, Rutland, Shrewsbury,
Spencer, Sterling, Sutton, Uxbridge, Webster, Westborough, and West Boylston towns
in Worcester County

Washtenaw County
Calhoun County
Berrien County
Lapeer, Livingston, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair, and Wayne Counties
Genesee County
Kent and Ottawa Counties
Jackson County
Kalamazoo County
Clinton, Eaton, and Ingham Counties
Muskegon County
Bay, Midland, and Saginaw Counties

Rochester
St. Cloud

MSA
MSA

St. Louis County, Minn.; Douglas County, Wise.
Anoka, Carver, Chisago, Dakota, Hennepin, Isanti, Ramsey, Scott, Washington, and
Wright Counties, Minn.; St. Croix County, Wis.
Olmsted County
Benton, Sherburne, and Stearns Counties

Mississippi
Jackson

MSA

Hinds, Madison, and Rankin Counties

Missouri
Kansas City

MSA

MSA

Johnson, Leavenworth, Miami, and Wyandotte Counties, Kan.; Cass, Clay, Jackson,
Lafayette, Platte, and Ray Counties, Mo.
Buchanan County
Clinton, Jersey, Madison, Monroe, and St. Clair Counties, III.; St. Louis city, and
Franklin, Jefferson, St. Charles, and St. Louis Counties, Mo.
Christian and Greene Counties

MSA
MSA

Lancaster County
Douglas, Sarpy, and Washington Counties, Nebr.; Pottawattamie County, Iowa

MSA
MSA

Clark County
Washoe County

MSA

Nashua city, and Amherst, Brookline, Hollis, Hudson, Litchfield, Merrimack, Milford,
Mont Vernon, and Wilton towns in Hillsborough County; Londonderry town in
Rockingham County
Portsmouth city and Exeter, Greenland, Hampton, New Castle, Newfields, Newington,
Newmarket, North Hampton, Rye and Stratham towns in Rockingham County; Dover,
Rochester and Somersworth cities, and Barrington, Durham, Farmington, Lee,
Madbury, Milton and Rollinsford towns in Strafford County; and Berwick, Eliot, Kittery,
North Berwick, Ogunquit, South Berwick, Wells and York towns in York County

St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester

New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Sante Fe




MSA
MSA

MSA
MSA

MSA

MSA Atlantic and Cape May Counties
PMSA Bergen and Passaic Counties
Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester Counties
PMSA Hudson County
PMSA Hunterdon, Middlesex, and Somerset Counties
PMSA Monmouth and Ocean Counties
PMSA Essex, Morris, Sussex, and Union Counties
PMSA Mercer County
PMSA Cumberland County

MSA
MSA
MSA

Bemalillo County
Dona Ana County
Los Alamos and Sante Fe Counties

151

Area definitions—Continued
State and area

New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy .
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County .
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point.
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati .
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren .
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa

Type of
area

MSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA
PMSA

PMSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

MSA
MSA

Definition

Albany, Greene, Montgomery, Rensselaer, Saratoga, and Schenectady Counties
Broome and Tioga Counties
Erie County
;hemung County
Warren and Washington Counties
Nassau and Suffolk Counties
Bronx, Kings, New York, Putnam, Queens, Richmond, Rockland, and Westchester
Counties
Bronx, Kings, New York, Queens, and Richmond Counties
Niagara County
Orange County
Dutchess County
Livingston, Monroe, Ontario, Orleans, and Wayne Counties
Rockland County
Madison, Onondaga, and Oswego Counties
Herkimer and Oneida Counties
Westchester County

MSA
MSA

Buncombe County
Cabarrus, Gaston, Lincoln, Mecklenburg, Rowan, and Union Counties, N.C.; York
County, S.C.
Davidson, Davie, Forsyth, Guilford, Randolph, Stokes, and Yadkin Counties
Durham, Franklin, Orange, and Wake Counties

MSA
MSA
MSA

Burleigh and Morton Counties
lass County, N.D.; Clay County, Minn.
Grand Forks County

PMSA Portage and Summit Counties
MSA Carroll and Stark Counties
PMSA Clermont, Hamilton, and Warren Counties, Ohio; Boone, Campbell, and Kenton
Counties, Ky.; Dearborn County, Ind.
PMSA Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, and Medina Counties
MSA Delaware, Fairfield, Franklin, Licking, Madison, Pickaway, and Union Counties
MSA Clark, Greene, Miami, and Montgomery Counties
MSA Fulton, Lucas, and Wood Counties
MSA Mahoning and Trumbull Counties
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

Garfield County
Comanche County
Canadian, Cleveland, Logan, McClain, Oklahoma, and Pottawatomie Counties
:reek, Osage, Rogers, Tulsa, and Wagoner Counties

Oregon
Eugene-Springfield .
Portland
Salem

MSA Lane County
PMSA Clackamas, Multnomah, Washington, and Yamhill Counties
MSA Marion and Polk Counties

Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia

MSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA

Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre .
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez ..
Ponce
San Juan ....

152



Carbon, Lehigh, and Northampton Counties, Pa.; Warren County, N.J.
Blair County
Beaver County
Erie County
Cumberland, Dauphin, Lebanon, and Perry Counties
Cambria and Somerset Counties
Lancaster County
Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia Counties, Pa.; Burlington,
Camden, and Gloucester Counties, N.J.
Philadelphia County
PMSA Allegheny, Fayette, Washington, and Westmoreland Counties
MSA Berks County
MSA Columbia, Lackawanna, Luzerne, Monroe, and Wyoming Counties
MSA Mercer County
MSA Centre County
MSA Lycoming County
MSA Adams and York Counties
PMSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA

Aguas Buenas, Caguas, Cayey, Cidra, Gurabo, and San Lorenzo Municipios
Anasco, Cabo Rojo, Hormigueros, Mayaguez, and San German Municipios
Juana Diaz and Ponce Municipios
Barceloneta, Bayamon, Canovanas, Carolina, Catano, Corozal, Dorado, Fajardo,
Florida, Guaynabo, Humacao, Juncos, Las Piedras, Loiza, Luquillo, Manati, Naranjito,
Rio Grande, San Juan, Toa Alta, Toa Bajo, Trujillo Alto, Vega Alta, and Vega Baja
Municipios

Area definitions—Continued
State and area

Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .

Providence...

Type of
area

Definition

PMSA Central Falls, Pawtucket, and Woonsocket cities, and Burrillville, Cumberland, Lincoln,
North Smithfield, and Smithfield towns in Providence County, R.I.; Attleboro city, and
North Attleborough, Rehoboth, and Seekonk towns in Bristol County, Mass.; Plainville
town in Norfolk County, Mass.; Blackstone and Millville towns in Worcester County,
Mass.
PMSA Barrington, Bristol, and Warren towns in Bristol County; Warwick city, and Coventry,
East Greenwich, and West Warwick towns in Kent County; Jamestown town in
Newport County; Cranston, East Providence, and Providence cities and Foster,
Glocester, Johnston, North Providence, and Scituate towns in Providence County;
Exeter, Narragansett, North Kingston, Richmond, and South Kingstown towns in
Washington County

South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg

MSA Berkeley, Charleston, and Dorchester Counties
MSA Lexington and Richland Counties
MSA ireenville, Pickens, and Spartanburg Counties

South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls

MSA •ennington County
MSA Minnehaha County

Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier

Burlington




MSA Hamilton, Marion, and Sequatchie Counties, Tenn.; Catoosa, Dade, and Walker
Counties, Ga.
barter, Hawkins, Sullivan, Unicoi, and Washington Counties, Tenn.; Bristol city, Scott,
and Washington Counties, Va.
MSA Anderson, Blount, Grainger, Jefferson, Knox, Sevier, and Union Counties
Shelby and Tipton Counties, Tenn.; Crittenden County, Ark.
MSA Cheatham, Davidson, Dickson, Robertson, Rutherford, Sumner, Williamson, and
Wilson Counties

MSA

MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
PMSA
PMSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

Taylor County
Potter and Randall Counties
Hays, Travis, and Williamson Counties
Hardin, Jefferson, and Orange Counties
Brazoria County
Cameron County
Brazos County
Nueces and San Patricio Counties
Collin, Dallas, Denton, Ellis, Kaufman, and Rockwall Counties
El Paso County
Johnson, Parker, and Tarrant Counties
ialveston County
Fort Bend, Harris, Liberty, Montgomery, and Waller Counties
Bell and Coryell Counties
Webb County
Gregg and Harrison Counties
Lubbock County
Hidalgo County
Midland County
Ector County
Tom Green County
Bexar, Comal, and Guadalupe Counties
Grayson County
Bowie County, Tex.; and Miller County, Ark.
Smith County
Victoria County
McLennan County
Wichita County

MSA Utah County
MSA Davis, Salt Lake, and Weber Counties
East Granville town in Addison County; Groton and Ryegate towns in Caledonia
County; Bolton and Huntington towns in Chittenden County; Bradford, Braintree,
Brookfield, Chelsea, Corinth, Fairlee, Newbury, Orange, Randolph, Topsham, Vershire,
Washington, West Fairlee and Williamstown towns in Orange County; and Barre city
and Barre, Berlin, Cabot, Calais, Duxbury, East Montpelier, Fayston, Marshfield,
Middlesex, Montpelier, Moretown, Northfield, Plainfield, Roxbury, Waitsfield, Warren
and Waterbury towns in Washington County
MSA Burlington, South Burlington, and Winooski cities and Charlotte, Colchester, Essex,
Hinesburg, Jericho, Milton, Richmond, St. George, Shelburne, and Williston towns in
Chittenden County; Georgia town in Franklin County; Grand Isle and South Hero
towns in Grand Isle County

153

Area definitions—Continued
State and area

Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News

Type of
area

MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg

MSA

Roanoke

MSA

Washington
Seattle
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling ..".
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau

154



Definition

Bristol city, and Scott and Washington Counties
iharlottesville city and Albemarle, Fluvanna, and Greene Counties
Danville city and Pittsylvania County
Lynchburg city, and Amherst and Campbell Counties
Chesapeake, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk,
Virginia Beach and Williamsburg cities, and Gloucester, James City, and York
Counties
Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas, and Manassas Park cities, and Arlington,
Fairfax, Loudoun, Prince William, and Stafford Counties
Colonial Heights, Hopewell, Petersburg, and Richmond cities, and Charles City,
Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Goochland, Hanover, Henrico, New Kent, Powhatan, and
Prince George Counties
Roanoke and Salem cities, and Botetourt and Roanoke Counties

PMSA King and Snohomish Counties

MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA

MSA
MSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA
PMSA
PMSA
MSA
MSA

Kanawha and Putnam Counties
Cabell and Wayne Counties, W. Va.; Boyd, Carter, and Greenup Counties, Ky.;
Lawrence County, Ohio
Wood County, W. Va.; Washington County, Ohio
Marshall and Ohio Counties, W. Va.; Belmont County, Ohio

Calumet, Outagamie, and Winnebago Counties
Chippewa and Eau Claire Counties
Brown County
Rock County
Kenosha County
La Crosse County
Dane County
Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Washington, and Waukesha Counties
Racine County
Sheboygan County
Marathon County

Explanatory Notes

Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2)
reports from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained
from a sample survey of the population 16 years of age
and over. The survey is conducted each month by the
Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics
and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the
employed, and the unemployed, including such
characteristics as age, sex, race, family relationship,
marital status, occupation, and industry attachment.
The survey also provides data on the characteristics and
past work experience of those not in the labor force.
The information is collected by trained interviewers from
a sample of about 59,500 households, representing 729
areas in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with
coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia. The
data collected are based on the activity or status
reported for the calendar week including the 12th of the
month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled
each month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The
establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly earnings,
and average weekly earnings for the Nation, States, and
metropolitan areas. The employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based on payroll reports from a
sample of 250,000 establishments employing over 38
million nonagricultural wage and salary workers. The
data relate to all workers, full or part time, who received
pay during the payroll period which includes the 12th
day of the month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES

The household and establishment data supplement
one another, each providing significant types of information that the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily obtained
only from the household survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from
establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
156




because of differences in definitions and coverage,
sources of information, methods of collection, and
estimating procedures. Sampling variability and
response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies.
The major factors which have a differential effect on
the levels and trends of the two series are as follows.
Employment

Coverage. The household survey definition of employment comprises wage and salary workers (including
domestics and other private household workers), selfemployed persons, unpaid workers who worked 15
hours or more during the survey week in familyoperated enterprises, and members of the Armed Forces
stationed in the United States. Civilian employment in
both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary
employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural
establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides inforrnation on the work status of the population without
duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons holding more than one job are counted only once
and are classified according to the job at which they
worked the greatest number of hours during the survey
week. In the figures based on establishment reports,
persons who worked in more than one establishment
during the reporting period are counted each time their
names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes among the employed all civilians who had jobs
but were not at work during the survey week—that is,
were not working but had jobs from which they were
temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or because they
were taking time off for various other reasons, even if
they were not paid by their employers for the time off.
In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave
paid for by the company are included, but not those on
leave without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences
between household and establishment survey employment data, see Gloria P. Green's article "Comparing
Employment Estimates From Household and Payroll
Surveys," Monthly Labor Review, December 1969.

Hours of work

The household survey measures hours actually worked whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for
by employers. In the household survey data, all persons
with a job but not at work are excluded from the hours
distributions and the computations of average hours. In
the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory
employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick
leave are included and assigned the number of hours for
which they were paid during the reporting period.
Earnings

The household survey measures median earnings of
wage and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both the private and public sectors. Data
refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's
sole or primary job. Data from the establishment survey
generally refer to average earnings of production and
related workers in mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in private service-producing industries. For a
comprehensive discussion of the household survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the Quarterly
Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population
Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113.
COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES

Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total
from the household survey includes all persons who did
not have a job at all during the survey week and were
looking for work or were waiting to be called back to a
job fronv which they had been laid off, whether or not
they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures
on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the
Employment and Training Administration of the
Department of Labor, exclude persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have not
earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons
losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance
systems (some workers in agriculture, domestic services,
and religious organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family workers). Beginning in January 1978,
coverage was extended to include domestic workers
whose employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in any
calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose
employers engaged 10 or more workers in 20 weeks or
paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any calendar
quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of
unemployment used in the household survey. For example, persons with a job but not at work and persons
working only a few hours during the week are




sometimes eligible for unemployment compensation but
are classified as employed rather than unemployed in
the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences
between State insured unemployment and total
unemployment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured
Unemployment'' by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971
issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the Department
of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are
the inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and
Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual
jobholders, who are counted more than once if they
work on more than one farm during the reporting
period. There are also wide differences in sampling
techniques and collecting and estimating methods,
which cannot be readily measured in terms of their impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two
series.
COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT DATA WITH OTHER SERIES

Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the
Census, BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from employment counts derived by the Bureau of
Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons
for noncomparability are different treatment of
business units considered parts of an establishment,
such as central administrative offices and auxiliary
units, the industrial classification of establishments, and
different reporting patterns by multiunit companies.
There are also differences in the scope of the industries
covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and financial
establishments, whereas these are included in the BLS
statistics.
County Business Patterns. Data in County Business
Patterns (CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census,
U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS
establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may
also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate
railroads and government, and coverage is incomplete
for some of the nonprofit activities.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance
programs. Most nonagricultural wage and salary
workers are covered by the unemployment insurance
programs. However, certain activities, such as interstate
railroads, parochial schools, and churches are not
covered by unemployment insurance whereas these are
included in the BLS establishment statistics.
157

Household Data
(A tables)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE

Statistics on the employment status of the population,
the personal, occupational, and other characteristics of
the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the
labor force, and related data are compiled for the BLS by
the Bureau of the Census in its Current Population
Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force
Statistics Derived from the Current Population Survey,
BLS Report 463. Historical national data are published
in Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current
Population Survey: A Databook, BLS Bulletin 2096.
These monthly surveys of the population are conducted with a scientifically selected sample designed to
represent the civilian noninstitutional population.
Respondents are interviewed to obtain information
about the employment status of each member of the
household 16 years of age and over. The inquiry relates
to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday
through Saturday, which includes the 12th of the
month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field
interviewing is conducted in the following week.
Inmates of institutions and persons under 14 years of
age are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations, and are excluded from the population and labor
force statistics shown in this report. Data on the
members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States, who are included as part of the categories
"noninstitutional population," "labor force," and
"total employment." are obtained from the Department of Defense.
Each month about 59,500 occupied units are eligible
for interview. About 2,500 of these households are
visited but interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not at home after repeated calls or are
unavailable for other reasons. This represents a
noninterview rate for the survey of between 4 or 5 percent. In addition to the 59,500 occupied units, there are
11,000 sample units in an average month which are
visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not to be
enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month.
The rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample to be common from 1 month to the next and one
half to be common with the same month a year earlier.
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS

The concepts and definitions underlying labor force
data have been modified, but not substantially altered,
since the inception of the survey in 1940; those used
since 1967 are as follows:
158




Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the
survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in
their own business, profession, or on their own farm, or
who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an
enterprise operated by a member of the family; and (b)
all those who were not working but who had jobs or
businesses from which they were temporarily absent
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labormanagement disputes, or personal reasons, whether
they were paid for the time off or were seeking other
jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States are also included in the employed total.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those
who held more than one job are counted in the job at
which they worked the greatest number of hours during
the survey week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign
countries who are temporarily in the United States but
not living on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are
persons whose only activity consisted of work around
the house (painting, repairing, or own home
housework) or volunteer work for religious, charitable,
and similar organizations.
Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no
employment during the survey week, were available for
work, except for temporary illness, and had made
specific efforts to find employment sometime during
the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be
recalled to a job from which they had laid off or were
waiting to report to a new job within 30 days need not
be looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment represents the length of
time (through the current survey week) during which
persons classified as unemployed had been continuously
looking for work. For persons on layoff, duration of
unemployment represents the number of full weeks
since the termination of their most recent employment.
A period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was
employed or ceased looking for work is considered to
break the continuity of the present period of seeking
work.' Measurements of mean and median duration are
computed from a distribution of single weeks of
unemployment.
Unemployment is also categorized according to the
status of individuals at the time they began to look for
work. The reasons for unemployment are divided into
four major groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose
employment ended involuntarily who immediately
began looking for work, and persons on layoff. (2) Job
leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated

their employment voluntarily and immediately began
looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who
previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or
longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning
to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who
never worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or
longer. Each of these four categories of the unemployed
may be expressed as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the
four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all
civilian workers.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made
specific efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week
period preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include those persons unemployed because they (a) were
waiting to be called back to a job* from which they had
been laid off or (b) were waiting to report to a new job
within 30 days. Jobseekers are grouped by the methods
used to seek work, including going to a public or private
employment agency or to an employer directly, seeking
assistance from friends or relatives, placing or answering ads, or utilizing some other method. Examples of
the '/other" category include being on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup
point.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians
classified as employed or unemployed in accordance
with the criteria described above. The labor force also
includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States.
The overall unemployment rate represents the
number unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States.
The unemployment rate for all civilian workers
represents the number unemployed as a percent of the
civilian labor force. This measure can also be computed
for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, marital status, etc.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the
population that is in the labor force. The labor force
participation rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian labor force participation
rate is the ratio of the civilian labor force to the civilian
noninstitutional population. Civilian labor force participation rates are usually published for sex-age groups,
often cross-classified by other demographic
characteristics such as race and educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of the noninstitutional population that is
employed. The total employment-population ratio is
total employment, including the resident Armed Forces,




as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The
civilian employment-population ratio is the percentage
of all employed civilians in the civilian noninstitutional
population.
Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not
classified as employed or unemployed. These persons
are further classified as engaged in own home
housework, in school, unable to work because of longterm physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The
"other" group includes individuals reported as too old
or temporarily unable to work, the voluntarily idle,
seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an
off season and who were not reported as looking for
work, and persons who did not look for work because
they believed that no jobs were available in the area or
that no jobs were available for which they could
qualify—discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid family work (less than 15 hours in the
specified week) are also classified as not in labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous
work experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a
job at the time of interview, and reasons for not looking
for work are published on a quarterly basis. As of
January 1970, the detailed questions for persons not in
the labor force are asked only in those households that
are in the fourth and eighth months of the sample, i.e.,
the "outgoing" groups, those which had been in the
sample for 3 previous months and would not be in for
the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969 these
questions were asked in those households entering the
sample for the first time and those returning for the second 4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming"
groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the
employed apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in the job at
which they worked the greatest number of hours during
the survey week. The unemployed are classified according to their last full-time job lasting 2 weeks or more.
The classifications of occupations and industries used in
data derived from the CPS are defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed categories included in
these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and
salary workers subdivided into private and government
workers; self-employed workers; and unpaid family
workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages,
salary, commission, tips, or pay in kind from a private
employer or from a government unit. Self-employed
persons are those who work for profit or fees in their
own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm.
Unpaid family workers are persons working without
pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a
business operated by a member of the household to
159

whom they are related by birth or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number
of hours worked during the survey week. For example,
persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were
off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as
working 32 hours even though they were paid for the
holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the
figures relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs
during the week; all the hours are credited to the major
job.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the
survey week are designated as working full time. Persons who worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated
as working part time. Part-time workers are classified
by their usual status at their present job (either full or
part time) and by their reason for working part time
during the survey week (economic or noneconomic
reasons). Economic reasons include: Slack work,
material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start
or termination of a job during the week, and inability to
find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons include:
Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation,
demands of home or school, no desire for full-time
work, and full-time worker only during peak season.
Persons on full-time schedules include, in addition to
those working 35 hours or more, those who worked
from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic reasons and usually
work full time.
Data on employment "at work*' differ from data on
total employment because they exclude persons in the
zero-hours-worked category, "with a job but not at
work." These are persons who were absent from their
jobs for the entire week for such reasons as bad
weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor
dispute.
Employed persons are also categorized into full- and
part-time groupings based primarily on their usual
status. In this context, full-time workers are those who
(a) worked 35 hours or more during the survey week, (b)
worked 1 to 34 hours for economic or noneconomic
reasons, but usually work full time, and (c) were with a
job but not at work and usually work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who (a) voluntarily
worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually work
part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time
work; and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually work part time.
Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers
are calculated using the concepts of the full- and parttime labor force which are based on the type of
job—full or part-time—that persons—whether working
or unemployed—report that they want. The "full-time
labor force" includes all persons working part time but
who desire full-time work, that is, working part time for
economic reasons. Thus, this category consists of per160




sons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily
working part time regardless of their usual status; and
unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The "parttime labor force" consists of persons working part time
voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time
work. Employed persons with a job but not at work are
distributed according to whether they usually work on
full-time or voluntary part-time schedules.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours
lost to the economy through unemployment and involuntary part-time employment and is expressed as a
percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is
computed by assuming that; (1) unemployed persons
looking for full-time work lost an average of 37.5 hours,
(2) those looking for part-time work lost the average
number of hours actually worked by voluntary parttime workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on
part time for economic reasons lost the difference between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they
worked.
White, black, and other are terms used to describe the
race of workers. Included in the "other" group are
American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and
Pacific Islanders. All tables in this publication which
contain racial data, with the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data for the black population
group. Because of their relatively small sample size,
data for "other" races are not published. In the
enumeration process, race is determined by the
household respondent.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified
themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican,
Puerto Rican living on the mainland, Cuban, Central or
South American, or of other Hispanic origin or descent.
Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race; thus
they are included in both the white and black population
groups.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the
Armed Forces of the United States between August 5,
1964, and May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the
civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are
men who never served in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from
responses to the question "How much does .. .USUALLY earn 'per week at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime pay, commissions, or tips
usually received. The term "usual" is as perceived by
the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition
of usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term
as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or
5 months. Data refer to wage and salary workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who usually
work full time on their sole or primary job.
Median earnings indicate the value which divides the
earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part hav-

ing values above the median and the other having values
below the median. The medians as shown in this
publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the
$50 centered interval within which each median falls.
Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).

Single, never married; married, spouse present; and
other marital status are terms used to define the marital
status of individuals at the time of interview. Married,
spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were
reported as members of the same household even
though one may be temporarily absent on business,
vacation, on a visit, in a hospital, etc. Other marital
status applies to persons who are married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse absent, includes persons who are separated because of marital
discord, as well as persons who are living apart because
either the husband or the wife was employed and living
away from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or had a
different place of residence for any reason.
A household consists of all persons—related family
members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a
housing unit. A house, an apartment, a group of rooms,
or a single room is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as separate living
quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in
whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The
term is never applied to either husbands or wives in
married-couple families but relates only to persons in
families maintained by either men or women without a
spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons
residing together who are related by birth, marriage, or
adoption; all such persons are considered as members of
one family even though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married couple or a parent-child group
related by birth or marriage to the householder and
sharing the living quarters. The count of families used in
this publication excludes unrelated subfamilies such as
lodgers, guests, or resident employees living in a
household but not related to the householder. Families
are classified either as married-couple families or as
families maintained by women or men without spouses.
A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in
which the householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married, spouse absent. Data on the earnings
of families exclude all those in which there is no wage or
salary earner or in which the husband, wife, or other
persons maintaining the family is either self-employed
or in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in
tracted areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD'S) in untracted areas, in which 20 percent or more of the
noninstitutional residents were poor according to the




1980 decennial census. Persons were classified as poor
or nonpoor by comparing money income to a series of
poverty income thresholds which vary by family size
and number of children. While poverty areas have a
substantial concentration of low-income residents,
many poor persons live outside these areas, and, conversely, the areas include many people who are not
poor.
The metropolitan areas classification consists of the
total of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA's) as
defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
as of June 30, 1984. These definitions differ from those
used in the 1980 decennial census. A detailed discussion
of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology
can be found in ' T h e New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980 Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan Statistical Areas,
PC-S1-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist of the total
territory outside MSA's.
The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census,
comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in
places of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized
areas. More specifically, the urban population consists
of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New York), and towns (except in the
New England States, New York, and Wisconsin), but
excluding those persons living in the rural portions of
extended cities; and (2) other territories, incorporated
and unincorporated, included in urbanized areas. The
population not classified as urban constitutes the rural
population.
HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Change in lower age limit
The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor
force, employment, and unemployment was raised from
14 to 16 years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical series have been revised to provide consistent information based on the population 16 years and
over. For a detailed discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced at that time, including
estimates of their effect on the various series, see "New
Definitions for Employment and Unemployment,''
Employment and Earnings and Monthly Report on the
Labor Force, February 1967.
Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there
are several other periods of noncomparability in the
labor force data: (1) Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from the 1950 census into the estimating
procedures, population levels were raised by about
600,000; labor force, total employment, and
agricultural employment were increased by about
161

350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and
men; other categories were relatively unaffected. (2)
Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii
resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and about 300,000 in the labor force, four-fifths of
this increase was in nonagricultural employment; other
labor force categories were not appreciably affected. (3)
Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the
1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and
labor force and employment by about 200,000;
unemployment totals were virtually unchanged. (4)
Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census
was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by about 800,000; labor force and
employment totals were raised by a little more than
300,000; and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent population adjustment based on the 1970 census was introduced in March
1973. This adjustment, which affected the white and
black-and-other groups but had little effect on totals,
resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white
population and an increase of the same magnitude in the
black-and-other population. Civilian labor force and
total employment figures were affected to a lesser
degree; the white labor force was reduced by 150,000,
and the black-and-other labor force rose by about
210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not
significantly affected.
In addition, beginning in January 1974, the
methodology used to prepare independent estimates of
the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to
an inflation-deflation approach. This change in the
derivation of the estimates had its greatest impact on
estimates of 20- to 24-year-old men—particularly those
of the black-and-other population—but had little effect
or/estimates of the total population 16 years and over.
Additional information on the adjustment procedure
appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from
Inflation-Deflation Method of Estimation'*, in the
February 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration
of Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total
and black-and-other independent population controls
for persons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by
76,000—30,000 men and 46,000 women. The addition
of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all
of the changes were in the other population.
Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation
procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in
the civilian labor force and employment totals;
unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural changes and
an indication of the differences appear in * 'Revisions in
162



the Current Population Survey in January 1978" in the
February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual
was determined by the household respondent for the incoming rotation group households, rather than by the
interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to
provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by
race. Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample
households had race determined by the household
respondent and seven-eighths of the sample households
had race determined by interviewer observation. It was
not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race
determined by the household respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio
estimation method was changed in the CPS estimation
procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for metropolitan and
nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for the total United
States. The reasoning behind the change and an indication of the differences appear in " Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the
February 1979 issue of Emplovment and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the
February 1982 issue of Employment and Earnings. In
addition, current population estimates used in the
second-stage estimation procedure are derived from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than
the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases in total population and' estimates of persons in
all labor force categories. Rates for labor force
characteristics, however, remained virtually unchanged.
Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted back to
1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment
procedure used is also described in the February 1982
article cited above. The revisions did not, however,
smooth out the breaks in series occurring between 1972
and 1979 that are described above, and data users
should make allowances for them in making certain
data comparisons.
Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment methodology was updated to account for
results obtained from the 1980 census. The purpose of
the change and an indication of its effect on national
estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. Inhere were only slight differences
between the old and new procedures in estimates of
levels for the various labor force characteristics and vir-

tually no differences in estimates of participation rates.
Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the
CPS estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first and second-stage ratio adjustments, and
the composite estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes and an indication of
their effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Changes in Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of this
publication. Overall, the revisions had only a flight effect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on
estimates of persons of Hispanic origin. Major
estimates were revised back to January 1980.
Beginning in January 1986, the population controls
used in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology
were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number
of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since
1980 and an improved estimate of the number of legal
foreign-born emigrants for the same time period. As a
result, the total civilian population and labor force
estimates were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian
employment was increased by about 350,000. The
Hispanic-origin civilian population and labor force
estimates were raised by about 425,000 and 305,000,
respectively, and civilian employment by 270,000.
Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and rates
were not significantly affected. Because of the
magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data have
been revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An explanation of the changes and their effect on
estimates of labor force characteristics appears in
"Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the
February 1986 issue of this publication.
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems

Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational
employment data was affected as a result of changes in
the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were introduced into the CPS. Comparability
was further affected in December 1971, when a question
relating to major activity or duties was added to the
monthly CPS questionnaire in order to determine more
precisely the occupational classification of individuals.
As a result of these changes, meaningful comparisons of
occupational employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and prior years nor between those 2
years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of the changes in the
occupational classification system, see "Revisions in
Occupational Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey" in the February 1971




and February 1972 issues, respectively, of Employment
and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census
were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from
those developed for the 1970 census which were used in
the CPS from January 1971 through December 1982.
The 1980 census occupational classification system
evolved from the Standard Occupational Classification
system (soc). While the CPS occupational data are now
comparable with other data sources, the new system is
so radically different in concepts and nomenclature
from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical
data are not possible without major adjustments. For
example, the 1980 major group "sales occupations" is
substantially larger than the 1970 category "sales
workers". Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors
in retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980
census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system , as modified in 1977. The
adoption of the new system_had much less of an adverse
effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most notable changes from the
1970 system were the transfer of farm equipment stores
from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal service from
"public administration" to "transportation", and
some interchange between "professional and related
services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational and industrial classification systems appears in
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning
in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Changes in the sample design

Since the inception of the survey, there have been
various changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of
these changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the
reliability of the sample estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census
is to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of
sample areas and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally. In 1953, the current rotation plan
was introduced in which a sample unit is interviewed for
4 months, leaves the sample for 8 months, and then
returns to the sample for another 4 months. When
Alaska and Hawaii athieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to account for the population in
these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major
portion of the sample from census address lists was
163

begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected
using area sampling. Following the 1970 census, the
ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous cluster of six housing units to a usually contiguous cluster of four housing units. In January 1978, a
supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in
24 States and the District of Columbia and designed to
provide more reliable annual average estimates for
States, was incorporated into the design. In October
1978 a coverage improvement sample, composed of approximately 450 sample household units which
represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and
600,000 new construction housing units, was included in
computing the estimates in order to provide coverage of
mobile homes and new construction units that previously had no chance for selection in the CPS sample selected
from the 1970 census frame. In January 1980, another
supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected in 32
States and the District of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample reduction of about 6,000 units
was implemented in May 1981. Beginning in January
1982, the sample was expanded by 100 households to
provide additional coverage in counties added to
SMSA's, which were redefined in 1973.
Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was
selected based on 1980 census information rather than
1970 census information. The selection of new sample
areas provided an opportunity to improve the efficiency
of the sample design. Sample areas chosen to replace incoming sample areas account for only 10 percent of the
national estimate. The new CPS sample has resulted in
increased reliability for State estimates with a slightly
reduced sample size. The reliability of national
estimates is unaffected. Sample households are chosen
from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973
geographic areas in the United States. This current
number of sample areas is not completely comparable to
the old number of sample areas since many of the sample areas have been redefined. (See pp. 7-10 of the May
•1984 issue of Employment and Earnings, for an overr
view of these new definitions and the introduction of the
new sample.)
Table A provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use during the different data collection periods. A more detailed account of the history
of the CPS sample design appears in the Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Technical Paper
No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or Concepts and
Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived From
the Current Population Survey, Report 463, Bureau of
Labor Statistics.
ESTIMATING METHODS

Under the estimating methods used in the CPS| all of
the results for a given month become available
simultaneously and are based on returns from the entire
164



panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data from each sample person by
the inverse of the probability of the person being in the
sample. This gives a rough measure of the number of actual persons that the sample person represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons within the same
State will have the same probability of selection. These
estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the
ratio estimation procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed households are adjusted to the extent needed to
account for occupied sample households for which no
information was obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability of the
respondents for other reasons. This noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations of similar
sample areas that are not necessarily contained within a
State. Similarity of sample areas is based on
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size.
Within each combination of sample areas there is a further breakdown by residence, MSA sample areas are
categorized by central city and the balance of the MSA.
Residence categories of non-MSA areas are urban and
rural. The proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent, depending on
weather, vacation, etc.
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population
selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by
chance, from that of the population as a whole, in such
characteristics as age, race, sex, and residence. Since
these characteristics are closely correlated with labor
force participation and other principal measurements
made from the sample, the survey estimates can be
substantially improved when weighted appropriately by
the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages
of ratio estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of
the 729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas
not in the sample; the remainder of the sample areas
represent only themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was designed to reduce the portion of the
variance resulting from requiring sample areas to represent nonsample areas. Therefore, this procedure is not
applied to sample areas which represent only
themselves. The adjustment is made at the State level
for each of the 43 States which contains nonsample
areas by race cells of black and non-black. The procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell at
the time of the 1980 census between the race distribution
of the population in sample areas and the known race
distribution of the State.

Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date
Time period

Aug.1947 to Jan.1954
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956
May 1956 to Dec. 1959
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966.
Jan. 1967 to July 1971 .
Aug. 1971 to July 1972 ,.
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977 .
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979
Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981 .
May 1981 to Dec. 1984 .
Jan. 1985 to present

Interviewed

Not interviewed

Households visited but
not eligible

68
230
1
330
2
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729

21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000

500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500

3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,00.0
6,000
6,000
8.500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000

1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in each State and the District of Columbia

b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample proportions of persons in specific categories are a™
d
justed to the distribution of independent current
estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population in
the same categories. The second-stage ratio adjustment
which is performed to further reduce variability of the
estimates and to correct to some extent for CPS undercoverage relative to the decennial census, is carried out
in three steps. In the first step, the sample estimates are
adjusted within each State and the District of Columbia
to an independent control for the population 16 years
and over. The second step involves an adjustment by Hispanic origin to a national estimate for 8
age-sex categories by Hispanic and non-Hispanic. In the
third step, a national adjustment is made by the race
categories of white, black, and other races to independent estimates by age and sex. The white and black
categories contain 32 age-sex groups each while the
other races category has 6 age-sex cells. The entire
second-stage adjustment procedure is iterated six times,
each time beginning at the weights developed the
previous time. This ensures that the sample estimates of
the population for both State and national age-sex-raceorigin categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure incorporates changes instituted in
January 1985. The nature and effect of these changes
are discussed in detail in " Changes in Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of Employment and Earnings.
The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend in the growth of this segment of
the population from the April 1, 1980, census through
the latest available July 1 estimate, adjusted as a last
step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of this
group. State estimates by age for July 1 are published
annually in Current Population Reports, Series P-25.
For a description of the methodology used in developing




Households eligible

Number of sample
areas

2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and
Hawaii after statehood.

the State total, use Report 640 of that series. A description of the age estimates methodology is available upon
request from the Chief of the Population Division, U.S.
Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. 20233.
Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control
for Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These
Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the
1980 census count for Hispanics by adding estimated
Hispanic births and immigrants and subtracting
estimated Hispanic deaths and emigrants to yield an
estimate of the Hispanic population by age and sex.
During the period from January 1982 to December
1984, the "inflation-deflation" method was temporarily discontinued in the preparation of the independent
national controls used for the age-sex-race groups in the
third step of the second-stage ratio estimation procedure. These controls were prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census data after taking account of subsequent aging of the population, births, deaths, and net
migration and then subtracting the estimate for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in
January 1985, the "inflation-deflation" method of
deriving independent population controls was reintroduced into the CPS estimation procedure. With the
"inflation-deflation" method, the independent controls
are prepared by inflating the 1980 census counts to include estimated undercounts by age, sex and race, aging
this population forward to each subsequent month and
later age by adding births and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These post-censal population estimates
are then deflated to census level to reflect the pattern of
net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex,
and race. Because an estimate of undercount is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex group
is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method.
Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age
structure of the undercount, but not the level. This
feature of the method is important since the exact
amount of undercount in the 1980 census remains
unknown.
165

Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and
the estimate date are based on tabulations of vital
statistics for the resident population made by the National Center for Health Statistics jind data on deaths of
military personnel overseas from the Department of
Defense. Estimates of net civilian immigration are based
on data provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Department of Defense, the Office of
Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning
Board. The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas. The institutional
population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived from the 1980 census to the total
population, including Armed Forces overseas for the
estimate date. All computations described above are
performed in cells defined by single year of age, race,
and sex. The independent national control totals are
then obtained by collapsing these cells into broader age
groups for the population 16 years and older.
Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced into the estimation of the independent population controls. For the first time, an explicit allowance
for net undocumented immigration since April 1, 1980
(the census date) was added to the estimated levefof
legal immigration. In addition, an increase in the
estimate of emigration of legal foreign-born residents
has been incorporated into the postcensal population
estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of these
changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the
Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue
of Employment and Earnings.
3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics
for a given month, a composite estimating procedure is
used which takes account of net changes from the
previous month for continuing parts of the sample (75
percent), as well as .the sample results for the current
month. Also included is an additional term which is an
estimate of the net difference between incoming and
continuing parts of the current month's sample. Almost
all estimates of month-to-month change are improved
by this procedure, and most estimates of level are also
improved, but to a lesser extent.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal
the totals shown in the same tables because of independent rounding of totals and components to the nearest
thousand. Similarly, sums of percent distributions may
not always equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate
166




based on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling.
The standard errors provided primarily indicate the
magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially
measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in
response and enumeration but do not measure any
systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is unknown, but special studies have been conducted
to quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the
c PS, as discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative change, such
as month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels
would be more severely affected by the nonsampling
error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to
many sources, e.g., inability to obtain information
about all cases in the sample, definitional difficulties,
differences in the interpretation of questions, inability
or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall information, errors made
in collection such as in recording or coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made in
estimating values for missing data, and failure to represent all sample households and all persons within sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase
of the survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is used to estimate various
sources of error as well as to evaluate and control the
work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected through reinterview at
regular intervals. The results indicate, among other
things, that the data published from the CPS are subject
to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS
reinterview program and some of the other results may
be found in the Current Population Survey Reinterview
Program, January 1961 through December 1966.
Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in the CPS data can be examined as a result of the
rotation plan used for the sample, since the level of the
estimates varies by rotation group. A description of
these effects appears in the 'The Effects of Rotation
Group Bias on Estimates from Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American Statistical
Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households.
Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage is about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS
undercoverage varies with age, sex, race and Hispanic
origin. Generally, undercoverage is larger for men than
for women, and larger for blacks, Hispanics and other

races combined than for whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-race-origin population controls, as
described previously, partially corrects for the biases
due to survey undercover age. However, biases exist in
the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed
households or missed persons in interviewed households
have different characteristics than interviewed persons
in the same age-sex-race-origin group. Further, the independent population controls used have not been adjusted for undercoverage in the 1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the
CPS appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as
Measured by the Current Population Survey," by
Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy
Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards; in "The
Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin
Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and
Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and in The
Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce. This last document includes
a comprehensive discussion of various sources of error
and describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a
measure of sampling variability, that is, of the variation
that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the
entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and
its estimated standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, ranges that would include the average
of all possible samples with a known probability. For
example, if all possible samples were selected, each of
these surveyed under essentially the same general conditions and using the same sample design, and an estimate
and its estimated error were calculated from each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from
one standard error below the estimate to one standard
error above the estimate would include the average
result of all possible samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard error
above the estimate would include the average of all
possible samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2
standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors
above the estimate would include the average result of
all possible samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a large number of estimates and could be
prepared at a moderate cost, a number of approximations are required. First, the standard errors in this
volume reflect the sample design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State




estimates. Thus, these standard errors may slightly
overstate the standard errors applicable to the present
design. Second, instead of computing an individual
standard error for each estimate, generalized sets of
standard errors are computed for various types of
characteristics. This generalization yields more stable
estimates of the standard errors. Consequently, the sets
of standard errors provided give an indication of the
order of magnitude of the standard error of an estimate
rather than the precise standard error.
Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for
major employment status characteristics for monthly
estimates ,and for changes for consecutive months.
These standard errors are applicable to the level of the
estimates in recent months (1985 annual averages).
Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors for monthly level and month-to-month change for
estimated totals, unemployment rates, and percentages.
Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly
level and month-to-month change for percentages.
Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in.
the table may be approximated by linear interpolation.
The standard error for estimated changes from one
month to the next is more closely related to the monthly
level for the characteristic than to the size of the specific
month-to-month change itself. Thus, in order to use the
generalized standard errors for month-to-month change
as given in the tables of standard errors, it is necessary
to obtain the monthly estimate for the characteristic. It
should be noted that the tables of standard errors for
month-to-month change apply only to estimates of
change between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of
change for nonconsecutive months are subject to higher
standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with
tables D, F, H, and I to compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor force participation rates, and
percentages as pertaining to the year-to-year change of
monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in
quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in
yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes
in quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the
standard errors must be adjusted due to the differences
in the sample size. For years prior to 1956, the standard
errors should be multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66
period, they should be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard errors for quarterly estimates
of persons and families for use with the CPS earnings
data.
Standard errors for estimated totals. TaMes D and E
provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals
and for month-to-month change. The figures given in
these tables are to be used for the characteristics as indicated.
167

Table B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(In thousands)
Standard 3rror of—

Monthly
level

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

187
200
134

148
162
89

127
141
91

189
190
82

140
144
85

83
86
57

91
97
63

82
92
65

63
70
67

49
56
43

43
50
46

67
67
43

44
48
46

33
30

•i

Month-tomonth
change (consecutive
months only)

244
263
131

Employment status, sex,
age, and race

37
34
32

30

.

Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number
of persons working a specific number of hours was
12,000,000, an increase of 400,000 over the previous
month. Linear interpolation in the second column of
table D shows that the standard error on an estimate of
12,000,000 is about 159,000. The 68-percent confidence
interval as shown by these data is from 11,841,000 to
12,159,000. Therefore, a conclusion that the average
estimate derived from all possible samples lies within a
range computed in this way would be correct for
roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that
the standard error of a nionth-to-month change is
primarily dependent on the size of the monthly estimate.
Thus, using linear interpolation in the first column of
table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change
of 400,000, when the monthly level is approximately
12,000,000, is about 118,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated
percentage, computed using sample data for both
numerator and denominator, depends upon both the
size of the rate or percentage and the total upon which
the rate or percentage is based. Estimated rates and
percentages are relatively more reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator of the rates or
percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of
50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are
not published when the monthly base is less than 75,000,
the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or the annual average base is less than 35,000.

Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics
Standard error of—
Characteristic

Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over .
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White workers.
Black workers
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over

level

0.11
.15
.17
.65
.11
.52
.15
.21
.12
.34
.06

0.12
.15
.18
.77
.12
.54
.16
.23
.12
.42
.08

Occupation
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technicians and related support
Sales
Administrative support, including clerical
Private household .
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective .

168




Standard error of—
Characteristic

.21
.18
.49
.29
.24
1.07
.67

.24
.20
.55
.32
.26
1.20
.76

.38

.43

Monthly level

Consecutive
month change

0.32

0.35

.50
.57

.57
.64

.70
.65

.80
.73

.13
1.37
.65
.27
.34
.42

.14
1.56
.74
.30
.38
.48

.41
.26
.20
.18
1.22

.46
.29
.22
.19
1.40

Occupation—Continued
Precision production, craft, and repair
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
industry
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing .
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(In thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural employment data
Estimated monthly level

50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
100,000...
120,000....

Agricultural
employment

14
19
43
61
85
120
146

Total or
white

11
15
34
48
68
95
116
133
147
177
201
236
261
278
288
293
293
273
231

Black

11
15
34
47
64
84
94
97
94
50

Total or
Black men
Total or
Black, 16 to white men
only, or
white, 16 to
only, or
19 years
women only
19 years
women only
11
15
33
46
63
80
86
83
70

11
15
29
33

10
14
32
45
63
87
105
120
132
155
170
188
189
175
141
61

10
14
31
42
55
66
58
23

Unemployment

Total or
white
10
15
33
47
66
93
113
129
143
172
195

Black

11
16
35
49
67
88
99

1
When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group
which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard
error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error

on the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use
the column for total employed.

Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for
monthly level and month-to-month change for
unemployment rates. Generalized standard errors for
estimated monthly percentages and estimated month-tomonth change in percentage can be obtained through
the use of the standard errors in table H and the factors
in table I. First obtain the standard error from table H
for the specific percentage and base. The generalized
standard error is then calculated by multiplying the
standard error from table H by the appropriate factor
from table I. When the numerator and denominator of
the percentage are in different categories, use the factor
indicated by the numerator of the percentage.

monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in
quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in
yearly averages may be obtained by using table J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for
estimates of change are more closely related to the level
of the estimate than to the size of the specific change.
Thus, to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an
average level, rate, or percentage, or an estimate of a
change in level, rate, or percentage, it is first necessary
to find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate
of an average level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For an estimate of change in
level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of the
average of the two estimates affecting the change. Then,
after computing the standard error by treating these
estimates as monthly estimates and using the procedures
above, multiply this result by a suitable factor from
table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the

illustration. Assume that in a given month 3.6 percent
of a total of 90,771,000 employed persons are employed
in agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 3.6
percent with a base of 90,771,000 is obtained from table
H (0.09 percent). The appropriate factor from table I
for the numerator of the percentage, agricultural
employment, is 1.26. The generalized standard error on
the estimated 3.6 percent is then approximately 0.09 x
1.26 = 0.1 percentage point.
Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly
estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly
averages, yearly averages, and changes in yearly
averages. Jhe approximate standard errors of levels,
rates, and percentages involving year-to-year change of




average 9r change.

Illustration. Suppose that one is interested in the yearto-year change of a monthly unemployment rate.
Assume that for a certain month the unemployment rate
is 6.9 percent, based on a total of 95,676,0*30 in the
civilian labor force, and that a year prior to this the
unemployment rate was 6.1 percent, based on a total of
94,254,000 in the civilian labor force for the month.
First the standard error on the average of the two
169

respondents in the sample for each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of quarterly estimates, the
values of P are .30 for persons (total, white, and black)
and .35 for families (total, white, and black). The
respective values for estimates of Hispanics are .45 and
.55.

estimates, 6.5 percent with a base of 94,965,000, is obtained from table F (0.12 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then
given by 0.12 x 1.40 = 0.17 percentage point.
The approximate standard error of levels involving
year-to-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to
CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using table K in conjunction with the following formula:

Illustration. Assume that in a given quarter the number
of women employed as full-time wage and salary
workers was 27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year
later, their number had increased to 29,000,000. Using
linear interpolation in the eighth column of table K, the
standard error of an estimate of 27,000,000 is 216,000;
for 29,000,000 it is 221,000. Using the above formula,
the standard error of the 2,000,000, year-to-year change
is:

Standard

error of
year-to-year
change ,
1

//
\2
//StandA
/
f ard 1
\ error /

/
\?
/standA
( ard J

/
\
/stand- \
I ard J

r \ error /-2(P)\ error

/

Where X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the
estimate for another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a
measure of the correlation between the estimates X and
Y resulting from the presence of some of the same

V(216,000)2 • (221,000)

•2 (.30) (216,000) (223,000),

or about 259,000.

Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(In thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural
employment data

Unemployment

Estimated monthly level
Total or white

50
100
500

1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000 ...
15,000 ...
20,000 ...
30,000 ...
40,000 ...
50,000 ...
60,000 ...
70,000 ...
80,000 ...
100,000 .
120,000 .

Black

8
11
25
36
50
70
86
98
109

8
11
25
35
47
62
70
73
71
42

131

Total or white,
16 to 19 years

Black, 16 to
19 years

13
18
39
54
72
88
88
71

13
18
34
36

148
174




12
16
37

51
72
99
118
132

Both sexes 16
to 19 years, or
part-time labor
force2

Black

13
18
40
54
70
78
60

12
17
38
52
69
85
87

Black, 16 to
19 years

12
18
35
37

143
160
165

191
203
210
212
211

193
153

See footnote 1, table D.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons

170

Total or white

reentering the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by
duration of unemployment.

Table F. Standard errors for unemployment rates
Monthly base of unemployment rate (In
thousands)

Monthly unemployment rate (percent)

2.09
1.48
.66
.47
.33
.23
.19
.15
.10
.06
.05

50
100
500
1,000..
2,000 ...
4,000 ....
6,000 ...
10,000.,
20,000 .
60,000 ..
100,000

10

1
2.94
2.08
.93
.66
.46
.33
.27
.21
.15
.08
.07

4.57
3.23
1.45
1.02
.72
.51
.42
.32
.23
.13
.10

15

20

25

30

35

50

6.28
4.44
1.99
1.40
.99
.70
.57
.44
.31
.18
.14

7.46
5.28
2.36
1.67
1.18
.83
.68
.53
.37
.21
.17

8.34
5.90
2.64
1.87
1.32
.93
.76
.59
.42
.24
.19

9.01
6.37
2.85
2.01
1.42
1.01
.82
.64
.45
.26
.20

9.05
6.73
3.01
2.13
1.50
1.06
.87
.67
.47
.27
.21

9.87
6.98
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.27
.22

10.21
7.22
3.27
2.28
1.61
1.14
•93
.72
.51
.29
.22

Table Q. Standard errors for month-to-month change in unemployment rates
Monthly base of unemployment rate (In
thousands)

Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
2

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

50

2.32
1.64
.73
52
.37
.26
.21
.16
.12
.07
.05

50
100
500
1 000
2,000
4,000
6 000
10,000
20 000
60 000
100 000

1

3.28
2.32
1.04
73
.52
.37
.30
.23
.16
.09
.07

5.14
3.64
1.63
1 15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.25
.14
.11

7.18
5.08
2.27
1.60
1.13
.80
.65
.50
.35
.19
.14

8.69
6.14
2.74
1.94
1.37
.96
.78
.60
.42
.22
.15

9.90
7.00
3.13
2.21
1.56
1.10
.89
.68
.47
.23
.15

10.93
7.12
3.45
2.44
1.72
1.20
.98
.75
.51
.24

11.81
8.35
3.73
2.63
1.85
1.30
1.05
.80
.54

12.58
8.89
3.97
2.80
1.97
1.38
1.11

14.48
10.17
4.53
3.19
2.24
1.56

Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for labor force
data
Monthly base of percentages
(In thousands)
50
100
500
1,000....
2,000 ..
..
4,000 ..
..
6,000 ..
..
10,000..
20,000.,
40,000 .
.
60,000 .
.
80,000 .
.
100,000
160,000

Percentage of monthly level
1or99

2 or 98

5 or 95

2.14
1.51
.68
.48
.34
.24
.20
.15
.11
.08
.06
.05
.05
.04

3.01
2.13
.95
.67
.48
.34
.28
.21
.15
.11
.09
.08
.07
.05

4.69
3.32
1.48
1.05
.74
.52
.43
.33
.23
.17
.14
.12
.10
.08

10 or 90 15 or 85 20 or 80 25 or 75 30 or 70 35 or 65
6.46
4.57
2.04
1.44
1.02
.72
.59
.46
.32
.23
.19
.16
.14
.11

7.68
5.43
2.43
1.72
1.22
.86
.70
.30
.27
.22
.19
.17
.13

8.61
6.09
2.72
1.92
1.36
.96
.79
.61
.43
.30
.25
.22
.19
.15

9.32
6.59
2.95
2.08
1.47
1.04
.85
.66
.47
.33
.27
.23
.21
.16

9.86
6.97
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.35
.28
.25
.22
.17

10.27
7.26
3.25
2.30
1.62
1.15
.94
.73
.51
.36
.30
.26
.23
.18

50
10.76
7.61
3.40
2.41
1.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
.38
.31
.27
.24
.19

NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied bv the factors in table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specific
characteristic.




171

Table I. Factors to be used with Table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month
change in percentages
Factor

Factor
Characteristic
Monthly level
Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force
Part-time labor force
Labor force dala other than agricultural
employment and unemployment data:
Total
Men only
Women only
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part-time labor force

1.05
1.50

Monthly level

Month-tomonth change

1.26
1.26

Characteristic

.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18

1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00

Month-tomonth change

1.01

1.21

.97
.97

1.08
1.21

1.04
1.04

1.13
1.24

Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration of
unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Black:
Total
. .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Table J. Factors to be used with Tables, D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages
and change in yearly averages,
Factor
Year-to-year
change of monthly
estimate

Quarterly
averages

Change in
quarterly
averages

Yearly
averages

Change in
yearly
averages

1.30
1.30

0.89
.83

0.80
.80

0.72
.58

0.70
.70

1.40

Characteristic

.74

.80

.46

.70

1.30

.88

.88

.67

.70

1.30
1.40

.82
.74

.88
.88

.57
.46

.70
.60

1.40
1.40

.76
.69

.88
.88

.50
.39

.65
.54

Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Part time
Labor force data other than
agricultural employment and
unemployment data:
Total or white
Black or teenagers
(16 to 19 years)
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time

172




Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly level, to be used with CPS earnings data
(In thousands)
Characteristic

Estimated quarterly level

Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers

10
50
75
100
150
200
250
300
500
750
1,000 ..
.
1,500 ..
.
2,000 ..
.
2,500 ..
.
3,000 .
.
5,000 ..
.
7,500 ..
.
10,000 .
15,000.
20,000 .
25,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
75,000 .
100,000




5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
76
83
107
130
149
180
205
226
224
273
296
331
343

Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers

Total or
white

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
85
93
119
145
165

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
46
53
63
72
79
85
100
107
102

198
224
244
261
286
301
304
255

Women

Men

Total

Total
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
144
187
192
207
219
236

White

Black

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
117
140
157
183
199
209
212
201

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
116
138
155
179
193
199
198
174

5
12
15
17
21
24
27
29
37
45
50
59
65
69
71
64

Total, full-time, or
part-time workers
Total or
white
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
145
173
195
211
224
242

Black
5
11
13
15
19
21
24
26
33
41
46
56
63
69
74
85

13
7

Establishment Data
(Tables B-1 through C-8)
Payroll reports provide current information on wage
and salary employment and hours and earnings in
nonagricultural establishments, by industry and
geographic location. Historical statistics are published
in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States,
1909-84, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States
and Areas, 1939-82 and their annual supplements.

All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the
Nation and for States and areas are classified in accordance with the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification Manual fsicxij,Office of Management and Budget.
The BLS tabulates and estimates statistics which
distinguish between private and public establishments,
thus maintaining continuity with previously published
statistics for the private and government sector.

Federal-State cooperation

Industry employment

COLLECTION

Under cooperative arrangements, responding
establishments report employment, hours, and earnings
data to State agencies. State agencies mail the forms to
the establishments and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the
reported data to prepare State and area series and also
send the reported data to the BLS (Washington Office)
for use in preparing the national series. This avoids a
duplicate reporting burden on establishments, and
together with the use of similar estimating techniques at
the national and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates.
Shuttle schedules

Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and
Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The
collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent
each month so that the next month's data can be entered
on the space alotted for that month. This "shuttle" procedure assures maximum comparability and accuracy of
reporting, since the respondent can see the figures that
have been reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total
number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of
nonagricultural establishments and, for most industries,
employment, payroll, and hours of production and
related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay
period which includes the 12th of the month.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification

Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are
classified into industries on the basis of their principal
product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. Since January 1980, this information
is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports filed by employers. For an
establishment making more than one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of
the establishment is included under the industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
174




Employment data, except those for the Federal
Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls
who received pay for any part of the pay period which
includes the 12th of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the
number of persons who occupied positions on the last
day of the calendar month. Intermittent workers are
counted if they performed any service during the
month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and
domestic workers. Salaried officers of corporations are
included. Government employment covers only civilian
employees; military personnel are excluded. Employees
of the Central Intelligence Agency and the National
Security Agency are also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid
sick leave (when pay is received directly from the firm),
on paid holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during
a part of the pay period even though they are
unemployed or on strike during the rest of the period
are counted as employed. Not counted as employed are
persons who are on layoff, on leave without pay, on
strike for the entire period, or who were hired but have
not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of changes in number of employees
on nonagricultural payrolls. These indexes measure the
percent of industries which posted increases in employment over the specified time span. The indexes are
calculated from 185 seasonally adjusted employment
series (two-digit nonmanufacturing industries and threedigit manufacturing industries) covering all nonagricultural payroll employment in the private sector. A
more detailed discussion of these indexes appears in
"Introduction of Diffusion Indexes," in the December
1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Industry hours and earnings

Average hours and earnings data are derived from
reports of payrolls and hours for production and related

workers in manufacturing and mining, construction
workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees
in private service-producing industries.
Production and related workers include working
supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including
group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage,
handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking,
hauling, maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services,
product development, auxiliary production for plant's
own use (e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other
services closely associated with the above production
operation.
Construction workers include the following
employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices,
helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether
working at the site of construction or working in shops
or yards at jobs (such as precutting and preassembling)
ordinarily performed by members of the construction
trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not
above the working supervisory level) such as office and
clerical workers, repairers, salespersons, operators,
drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social
workers, research aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers,
custodial workers, attendants, line installers and
repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services
are closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers thcpayroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who
received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. The payroll is reported
before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and
unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding
tax, bonds, or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation, and sick leave paid directly by
the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and paid regularly each
pay period); other pay not earned in the pay period
reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips; and the value of
free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such as health and other
types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc.,
paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period
which includes the 12th of the month for production,
construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are
hours paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave
when pay is received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production
or related workers for which overtime premiums were




paid because the hours were in excess of the number of
hours of either the straight-time workday or the
workweek during the pay period which included the
12th of the month. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums were paid. Hours for
which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other
similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information
relates to the average hours for which pay was received
and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such
factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, parttime work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to
be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further reflect changes in the
workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly
figures for 1977. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product of average weekly hours and
production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry aggregation, hours
agregates are the sum of the component aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent
that portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for which overtime premiums were
paid. If an employee were to work on a paid holiday at
regular rates, receiving as total compensation his or her
holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked
that day, no overtime hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from month to month; for
example, overtime premiums may be paid for hours in
excess of the straight-time workday although less than a
full week is worked. Diverse trends at the industry
group level also may be caused by a marked change in
hours for a component industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current
months. In addition, such factors as stoppages,
absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same
influence on overtime hours as on average hours.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are
on a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in
basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such
variable factors as premium pay for overtime and lateshift work and changes in output of workers paid on an
incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of
employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid
work and changes in workers' earnings in individual
175

establishments. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates.
Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated
period of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a
given unit of work or time. The earnings series do not
measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the
employer since the following are excluded: Irregular
bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare
benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings
for those employees not covered under the production
worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage
payments. This series is compiled only for aircraft
manufacturing, sic 3721. The same concepts and
estimation methods apply to this series as apply to the
average hourly earnings series described above; the one
difference between the two series is definitional. The
payroll data used to calculate this series include lumpsum payments made to production workers in lieu of
general wage rate increases; such payments are excluded
from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate
the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment in sic 3721 covered by
a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data are
adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year
and cover the following 12-month period. In order to
spread the payment across this time period, a prorated
portion of the payment is added to the payroll each
month. This prorated portion is adjusted by an exit rate
to reduce the lump-sum amount to account for persons
who received the payment but left before the payment
allocation period expired.

number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by
the number of employees, as defined above. Average
weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average
weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
A verage weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average
hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings
are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but also by changes in the length of the workweek.
Monthly variations in such factors as the proportion of
part-time workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor
turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for
which employees are not paid may cause the average
workweek to fluctuate.
Long-time trends of average weekly earnings can be
affected by structural changes in the makeup of the
work force. For example, persistent long-term increases
in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade
and many of the services industries have reduced
average workweeks in these industries and have affected
the average weekly earnings series.
Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are
calculated from the earnings averages for the current
month using a deflator derived from the Consumer
Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPIW).
ESTIMATING METHODS

The principal features of the procedure used to
estimate employment for the establishment statistics are
(1) the use of the "link relative" technique, which is a
form of ratio estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of
employment levels to new benchmarks; and (3) the use
of size and regional stratification.
The 'link relative" technique

Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average
hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay, are
computed by dividing the total production worker
payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours and one-half of total overtime
hours. No adjustments are made for other premium
payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift
work, and overtime rates other than time and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I
railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies)
are based on monthly data summarized in the M-300
report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and
relate to all employees except executives, officials, and
staff assistants (ice group I) who received pay during
the month. Average hourly earnings are computed by
dividing total compensation by total hours paid for.
Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total
176




From a sample composed of establishments reporting
for both the previous and current months, the ratio of
current-month employment to that of the previous
month is computed. This is called a "link relative." The
estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the
current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates
for the previbus month by these "link relatives." In addition, bias correction factors are applied to selected
employment estimates each month. The size of the bias
correction factors is determined from past benchmark
comparisons. Beginning with data for April 1983, these
factors are modified by changes in the sample link
relatives for the most recent quarter. Other features of
the general procedures are described in table L.
Size and regional stratification

A number of industries are stratified by size of

Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Employment, hours,
and earnings

Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or
region/size cell)

Aggregate industry level (division and,
where stratified, industry)

Monthly data
All employees

All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells.
by ratio of all employees in current month to all
employees in previous month, for sample establishments which reported for both months.1

Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
All-employees estimate for current month multiplied Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker
employees .
by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory work- estimates, or estimates of women employees, for
ers to all employees in sample establish- component cells.
ments for current month, (2) estimated ratio of women
to all employees.2
Average weekly hours .

Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory
by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2 worker employment, of the average weekly hours for
component cells.

Average weekly overtime hours .

Production worker overtime hours divided by number Average, weighted by production worker employment,
of the average weekly overtime hours for comof production workers.2
ponent cells.

Average hourly earnings.

Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average
hourly earnings for component cells.
divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker
hours.2

Average weekly earnings .

Product of average weekly hours and average hourly Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.
earnings.
Annual average data

All employees, women employees, and
production or nonsupervisory workers .

Average weekly hours

Average weekly overtime hours .

Average hourly earnings .

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Annual total of aggregate hours (production or non- Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied supervisory workers divided by annual sum of
by average weekly hours) divided by annual employment for these workers.
sum of employment.
Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (pro- Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for
duction worker employment multiplied by production workers divided by aryiual sum of
average weekly overtime hours) divided employment for these workers.
by annual surrrof employment.
Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of pro- Annual total of aggregate
duction or nonsupervisory worker employment annual aggregate hours.
by weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided
by annual aggregate hours.

payrolls divided by

hours and average Product of average weekly
hourly earnings.

hours and average

Product of average weekly
hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings .
1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed pnterprises and other sources of bias in the sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly
hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by




Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising
mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure
accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at
the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest
sample average.

177

establishment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the
hours and earnings into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment,
hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a
whole industry or a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size
stratum of a region within an industry.
Benchmark adjustments
Employment estimates are compared periodically with
benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for
the various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate adjustments are made as indicated. The industry estimates
are currently projected from March 1985 levels. Normally,
benchmark adjustments are made annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are
employment data, by industry, compiled quarterly by
State agencies from reports of establishments covered
under State unemployment insurance laws. These
tabulations cover about 97 percent of employees on
nonagricultural payrolls in the United States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained from the records
of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate
Commerce Commission, and a number of other agencies in private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared
with new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new
benchmark and the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month by use of the sample trends. Thus,
under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish
the level of employment; the sample is used to measure the
month-to-month changes in the level. A comparison of the
actual amounts of revisions made at the time of the March
1985 benchmark adjustment is shown in table M.
Data for all months since the last benchmark to which
the series has been adjusted are subject to revision. Revised
data are published as soon as possible after each benchmark revision.
Table M. Comparison of nonagricultural employment
benchmarks and estimates for March 1985

Industry
Total .
Mining
Construction . .
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale trade .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .
Services . . . .
Government.
1

Less than 0.05 percent.

178




Benchmark

Estimate

Percent
difference

96,042,000

96,045,000

(1)

933,000
4,241,000
19,295,000

962,000
4,180,000
19,399,000

-3.1
1.4
-.5

5,155,000
5,654,000
16,782,000

5,205,000
5,681,000
16,818,000

-1.0
-.5
-.2

5,825,000
21,561,000
16,596,000

5,796,000
21,536,000
16,468,000

.5
.1
.8

THE SAMPLE
Design
The sampling plan used in the Current Employment
Statistics program is known as "sampling proportionate to
average size of establishment." This design is an optimum
allocation design among strata since the sampling variance
is proportional to the average size of establishments.
Under this type of design, large establishments fall into the
sample with certainty. The size of the sample for the
various industries is determined empirically on the basis of
expenence and of cost considerations. In a manufacturing
industry in which a high proportion of total employment is
concentrated in relatively few establishments, a larger percent of total employment is included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for such industries provides for
a complete census of the large establishments, with only a
few chosen from among the smaller establishments or
none at all if the concentration of employment is great
enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large
proportion of total employment is in small establishments,
the sample design calls for inclusion of all large establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones.
Many industries in the trade and services divisions fall into
this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be
handled by available resources, it is necessary to design
samples for these industries with a smaller proportion of
universe employment than is the case for most manufacturing industries. Since individual establishments in these
nonmanufacturing divisions generally show less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than do
establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller
samples (in terms of employment) generally produce
reliable estimates.
In the context of the BLS Current Employment Statistics
program, with its emphasis on producing timely data at
minimum cost, a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of a sufficiently large segment of the
universe to provide reasonably reliable estimates that can
be published promptly and regularly. The present sample
meets these specifications for most industries. With its use,
the BLS is able to produce preliminary estimates each
month for many industries and for many geographic levels
within a few weeks after the reference period, and, at a
somewhat later date, statistics in considerably greater industrial detail.
Coverage
The BLS sample of establishment employment and
payrolls is the largest monthly sampling operation in the
field of social statistics. Table N shows the approximate
proportion of total employment in each industry division
covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly
employment data. The coverage for individual industries
within the division may vary from the proportions shown.
Reliability of the employment estimates
Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment sample assures a high degree of accuracy, the
estimates derived from it may differ from the figures that
would be obtained it it were possible to take a complete

Table N. Approximate size and coverage of BLS employment
and payrolls sample, March 19851

Industry

Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, ana
real estate
Services
Government:
federal 2
State
Local

Number
of establishments
in sample

Employees
Number
reported

Percent of
total

243,000 38,173,000

40

3,600
374,000
22,500
858,000
52,000 10,654,000
11.500 2,409,000
22,300
1,042,000
42,400 3,319,000

40
20
55
47
18
20

17,100
48.500

2,091,000
5,267,000

36
24

5,100
3.800
14,200

2,839,000
3,087,000
6.233,000

100
79
63

1
Since a few establishments do not report payroll and hours
information, hours and earnings estimates may be based on a slightly
smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
National estimates of Federal employment by agency are provided to
BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates
for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal
employment, are based on a sample of 5,100 reports covering about 64
percent of employment in Federal establishments.




RMSE=

^/(Standard Deviation)1

+ (Bias)2

If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that
an estimate from the sample would differ from its
benchmark by less than the root-mean-square error.
The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the difference
would be less than twice the root-mean-square error.
Approximations ot the root-mean-square errors (based
on the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences
between final estimates and benchmarks are presented
in table P.
For the two most recent months, estimates of employment, hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so
footnoted in the tables. These figures are based on less
than the total sample and are revised when all the
reports in the sample have been received. Table Q
presents root-mean-square errors of the amounts of
revisions that may be expected between the preliminary
and final levels of employment and preliminary and
final month-to-month changes. Revisions of
preliminary hours and earnings estimates are normally
not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1
cent for hourly earnings.

STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
State and area employment, hours, and earnings data
Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment
estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)

Industry

Total
Total private .
Mining
j
Construction ....
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities .....
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Services
Government3

Average
benchmark revision in
estimates
of employment1
0.2
.3
2.9
1.6
.6
.7
.6
.4
.3
1.2
.3
.2
.4

Relative
errors2
Average
weekly
hours

0.1
1.0
.2
.1
.1
.1
.7
CVJ CVJ cvj

census using the same schedules and procedures. As
discussed under the previous section, a "link relative"
technique is used to estimate employment. This requires
the use of the previous month's estimate as the base in
computing the current month's estimate. Thus, small
sampling and response errors may accumulate over
several months. To remove this accumulated error, the
estimates are usually adjusted annually to new benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and
response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts the
estimates for changes in the industrial classification of
individual establishments (resulting from changes in
their product which are not reflected in the levels of
estimates until the data are adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed industry levels,
particularly within manufacturing, changes in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments.
Another cause of differences arises from improvements
in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O presents
the average percent revisions of the five most recent
benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed
descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are
available from the Bureau upon request.
The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating
cells are not subject to benchmark revisions, although
the broader groupings may be affected slightly by
changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings
estimates, however, are subject to sampling errors,
which may be expressed as relative errors of the
estimates. (A relative error is a standard error expressed
as a percent of the estimate.) Relative errors for major
industries are presented in table O and for individual industries with the specified number of employees in table
P. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours and
earnings estimates from the sample would differ by a

smaller percentage than the relative error from the
averages that would have been obtained from a complete census.
One measure of the reliability of the employment
estimates for individual industries is the root-meansquare error (RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in estimates:

.4

Average
hourly
earnings

0.2
1.3
.5
.2
.3
.2
.6
.4
.4
.4
.6

The average percent revision in employment for the 1981-85
benchmarks.
2
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
3
Estimates for government are based on a total count for Federal
Government provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a
sample of State and local government reports.

179

Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings
Relative error 2
(in percent)
-----

"Rootmeansquare
error of
emoloyment estimates 1

Size of employment estimate

Average
weekly
hours

Average
hourly
earnings

I—

50,000 ....
100,000..
200,000 ..
500,000
1,000,000..
2,000,000..

2,100
3,900
5,600
14,000
15,000
26,000

f

2.2
1.3
1.1
.9
.8
.5

!

4.0
2.3
2.0
1.6
1.2
.9

Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan

areas. Definitions for all areas are published each year
in the issue of Employment and Earnings that contains
State and area annual averages (usually the May issue).
Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be obtained from the State
agencies listed on the inside back cover of each issue.
These statistics are based on the same establishment
reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates.
For employment, the sum of the State figures may differ
slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a
national basis, because some States have more recent
benchmarks than others and because of the effects of
differing industrial and geographic stratification.
For the States and the areas shown in the B and C sections of this periodical, all the annual average data for
the detailed industry statistics currently published by
each cooperating State agency are presented in a summary volume published annually by the BLS.

Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Root-mean-squar error
ofIndustry

_

Month-to-month
change

1

Goods-producing
Mining . .
Oil and gas extraction1
Construction
General building contractors1
*
Manufacturing.

110,000
63,100

56,800

35,200

29,400

5,500
4,600

5,300
4,300

18,300
7,900

13,500
5,400

28,700

27,200

22,100
3,800
3,000
2,300
6,100

20,200
3,200
2,400
2,100
5,900

5,000
4,600
8,700

4,900
3,900
7,800

6,200
13,200

6,400
11,800

10,000

10,200

2,200
2,000

2,100
2,000

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile
products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing

11,800
8,500
1,600
2,700

11,700
8,600
1,500
2,700

6,500
1,900
2,400

6,100
1,700
2,500

1
Data are based on differences from January 1981 through December
1985; all other data reflect differences from January 1980 through December
1985.




Month-to-month
change

!

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic
steel products1
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic
equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and
equipment1
Instruments and related
products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

180

Monthly
level

1

_|_
101,100

Total
Total private

Industry

i

Monthly
level

Root-mean-squar error
of-

Nondurable goods—Continued
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics
products
Leather and leather products

2,500
1,700

2,400
1,600

2,300
2,800

2,200
2,600

98,200

94,000

14,700
18,400

14,200
17,800

5,200

4,800

8,500
5,600
5,000

7,800
5,100
4,500

33,700
19.700
6,500

32,400
19,000
5,800

3,300
19,200

2,900
17,100

8,600
4,200
2,800
5,000

7,300
3,600
2,200
4,100

Services
Business services1
Health services1

32,200
12,900
10,500

27,900
10,800
10,200

Government
Federal
State1
Local1

72,400
18,200
26,200
38,800

Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation1
Communication and public
utilities1
1

Wholesale trade
Durable goods1
Nondurable goods1
Retail trade1
General merchandise stores1
Food stores1
Automotive dealers and service
stations1
Eating and drinking places1
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance1 (
Insurance1
. .
Real estate1

i
:

66,100
15,100
24,700
35,900

Productivity Data
(Tables C-9 through C-11)
COLLECTION

Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics from establishment data and from
estimates of compensation and gross national product
supplied by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the
Federal Reserve Board.
CONCEPTS

Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural
establishments refer to hours paid for all employees—
production workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried
workers.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final
goods and services produced in a given period. Indexes
of output per hour of all persons measure changes in the
volume of goods and services produced per paid hour of
labor input.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries
of employees plus employers' contributions for social
insurance and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplementary
payments for the self-employed, except for nonfinancial
corporations, in which there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per
hour adjusted to elimate the effect of changes in the
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).
Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost
required to produce one unit of output and are derived
by dividing compensation per hour by output per hour.
Unit nonlabor payments include profits, depreciation, interest, and indirect taxes per unit of output.

They are computed by subtracting compensation of all
persons from the current-dollar gross national product
and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor
costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor
payments except unit profits.
Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory
valuation adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the
current-dollar estimate of gross product by the
constant-dollar estimate, making the deflator, in effect,
a price index for gross product of the sector reported.
NOTES ON THE DATA

For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector, these indexes relate to the gross domestic product
less households and institutions, owner-occupied housing, and the statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial
corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic
product of nonfinancial corporate business.
Manufacturing output data are supplied by the
Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of
Commerce, and the Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly
measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics to annual estimates of output (gross product
originating) from the Bureau of Economic Analysis.
Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81,
BLS Bulletin 2178. Additional information may be obtained from the Office of Productivity and Technology
(202 523-9261).

State and Area Labor Force Data
(D table)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM

Labor force and unemployment estimates for States,
labor market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered
under Federal assistance programs are developed by
State employment security agencies under a FederalState cooperative program. The local unemployment
estimates which are derived from standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis of determining
eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal programs such as the Job Training Partnership Act &nd the
Public Works and Economic Development Act.
Annual average data for the States and areas shown
in table D are published in Employment and Earnings




(usually the May issue). For regions, States, selected
metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual average
data classified by selected demographic, social, and
economic characteristics are published in the BLS
bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and
Unemployment.
Labor force and unemployment estimates for counties, cities, and other small areas have been prepared
for administration of various Federal economic
assistance programs and may be ordered from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. The report
* 'Employment and Unemployment in States and Local
181

Areas" is published monthly through GPO and is
available on microfiche only on a subscription basis.
ESTIMATING METHODS
The civilian labor force and unemployment estimates
in 11 large States: New York, California, Illinois, Ohio,
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Texas, Massachusetts, North Carolina, and Florida; and two areas: Los
Angeles—Long Beach metropolitan area and New York
City, are sufficiently reliable to be used directly from
the CPS. For a description of the CPS concepts, see
4
'Household Data/' above.
Monthly labor force and unemployment estimates in
the remaining 39 States, the District of Columbia, and
253 labor market areas are prepared in several stages.
The civilian labor force is the sum of the employment
and unemployment levels, which are estimated in accordance with the BLS Manual for Developing Local Area
Unemployment Statistics.
1. Preliminary estimate—employment: The total
civilian employment estimate is based on data from the
survey of establishments which produces an estimate of
payroll employment. This place-of-work estimate must
be adjusted to refer to place of residence as used in the
CPS. Factors for adjusting from place of work to place
of residence have been developed for the several
categories of employment on the basis of employment
relationships which existed at the time of the 1970
decennial census. These factors are applied to the
payroll employment estimates for the current period to
obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which are
added estimates for employment not covered by unemployment insurance (UI).
2. Preliminary estimate—unemployment: In the current
month, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of
the estimates for each of three building block categories:
(1) Persons who were previously employed in industries
covered by State UI laws; (2) those previously employed
in industries not covered by these laws; and (3) those
who were entering the civilian labor force for the first
time or reentering after a period of separation. This is
referred to below as the UI- based estimate.
An estimate for those previously employed in covered
industries is derived from a count of current employment insurance claimants, plus estimates of claimants
whose benefits have been exhausted, those persons disqualified from receiving benefits for nonmonetary
jeasgns (becausejhey quit, were discharged for cause,
etc., but would otherwise have been eligible), and person who either filed claims late or not at all.
The estimate of those previously employed in industries not covered by UI is derived by applying to the
employment estimate for each noncovered industry or
class of worker subgroup in the State, the ratio of
182




covered unemployment to covered employment
weighted by factors reflecting national historical relationships.
For the third category, new entrants and reentrants
into the labor force, a composite estimate is developed
from equations that relate the total entrants into the
labor force to the experienced unemployed and the experienced labor force. For each month, the estimate of
entrants into the labor force is a function of: (a) the
month of the year; (b) the level of the experienced
unemployed; (c) the level of the experienced labor force;
and (d) the proportion of the working age population
that is considered "youth." The composite estimate of
total entrants is defined as:
U=
U=
E=
X=
A,B=

A (X + E) + BX, where
total entrant unemployment
total civilian employment
total experienced unemployment
synthetic factors incorporating
seasonal variation and an assumed
relationship between the proportion of
youths in the working population and the
historical relationship of entrants to the
experienced unemployed (B factor) or the
experienced labor force (A factor).

3. Correction factors for employment and unemployment are then applied at the State level of the Ul-based
estimates obtained above for each of the 39 States and
the District of Columbia. These correction factors are
based on the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based estimates
for the 6-month period ending in the current month
(e.g., a 6-month moving average).
4. Substate adjustment for additivity. Independent
estimates of employment and unemployment are
prepared for the State (obtained directly from the CPS
in the 11 large States or by the Ul-based method in the
remaining States), and labor market areas (LMA's)
within the State. The total of the geographic areas in
the LMA's exhausts the geographic boundaries of the
State. A proportional adjustment is applied to all
sub-state LMA estimates to ensure that the sub-state
estimates of employment and unemployment add to the
independent State totals. In California and New York,
which also have sub-state areas taken directly from the
CPS, the additivity adjustment for the reamining areas
is applied to the State total minus the direct CPS area.
5. Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year,
monthly estimates prepared by the State employment
security agencies using Ul-based estimating procedures
are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the annual
average CPS estimates for the 39 States and the District
of Columbia for which monthly CPS estimates are not

available. This adjustment is necessary because the
State-prepared estimates are not as reliable as the CPS
annual averages due to differences in the State UI laws,
the structural limitations of the Ul-based estimating
method, and errors in the UI data.
The benchmarked estimates are produced in three
stages. First, the monthly Ul-based estimates are adjusted by the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based annual
averages. Second, the difference between the ratio of

annual averages for two consecutive years is wedged into the monthly estimates in order to minimize the disturbance to the original series. Finally, the third-stage
estimates are forced into agreement with CPS annual
averages. In the Instates which use CPS estimates
monthly, no benchmark correction is required, as the
average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates will
equal CPS annual averages.

Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's
labor force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and other measures of labor market activity
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events
as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing
of schools. Because these seasonal events follow a more
or less regular pattern each year, their influence on
statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the
statistics from month to month. These adjustments
make it easier to observe the cyclical and other
nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating
changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to
note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted
estimates have a broader margin of possible error than
the original data on which they are based, since they are
subject not only to sampling and other errors but are
also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for
selected labor force and establishment-based data are
published regularly in Employment and Earnings.
The seasonal adjustment program used for these
series is an adaptation of the standard ratio-to-moving
average method. It provides for "moving" adjustment
factors to take account of changing seasonal patterns. A
detailed description of the method is given in The X-ll
Variant of the Census Method II Seasonal Adjustment
Program, Technical Paper No. 15, Bureau of the Census (1967).
Beginning in January 1980, BLS introduced two major modifications in the seasonal adjustment
methodology for data from the household survey. First,
the data are being seasonally adjusted with a procedure
called X-ll ARIMA, which was developed at Statistics
Canada as an extension of the existing standard X-ll
method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in TheX-11 ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method,
by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No.
12-564E, February 1980. The X-ll procedure was
originally developed at the Bureau of the Census and




had been used by the BLS to seasonally adjust labor
force series since 1973. Test have shown that use of the
X-l 1 ARIMA procedure, which places more emphasis on
recent data, provides better seasonal adjustments than
does the X-ll month alone.
The second change is that seasonal adjustment factors
are calculated for use during the first 6 months of the
year rather than for the entire year. In July of each year,
BLS calculates and publishes in Employment and Earnings a set of seasonal adjustment factors for use in the
second half, based on the experience through June.
Revisions of historical data for the most recent 5 years
are made at the beginning of each calendar year.
However, as a result of the revisions to the estimates for
1970-81 based on 1980 census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982 were
carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as
well as the major employment and unemployment
estimates, are computed by aggregating independently
adjusted series. For example, for each of the three major labor force components-agricultural employment,
nonagricultural employment, and unemployment-data
for four sex-age groups (men and women under and
over 20 years of age) are separately adjusted for
seasonal variation and are then added to derive
seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted civilian employment components,
plus the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for
seasonality), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the
sum of the four unemployment components; and the
overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the
estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of various series, components will
not necessarily add to totals.
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor
force series based on the experience through December,
new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate
183

the civilian unemployment rate for the first 6 months
of the following year, and a description of the current seasonal adjustment methodology are published
in each January issue of Employment and Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the
revision period for a broader range of labor force
series are published in the February issue of this publication.
Beginning in July 1980, the BLS also uses the X-ll
ARIMA methodology in seasonally adjusting the
establishment data, which previously had been computed using the BLS Seasonal Factor Method. All series
are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative models
under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors used
in calculating the current year's estimates are based on
actual data through March 1986 and projected data
through March 1987. The ARIMA model options for
projecting the data series for 1 year ahead have been
used in seasonally adjusting the establishment series
since June 1981.
Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to
the component levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for
most of these series are then obtained by taking a
weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data for the
component series. Seasonally adjusted average weekly
earnings are the product of seasonally adjusted average
hourly earnings and seasonally adjusted average weekly
hours.
Average weekly earnings in constant dollars,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by dividing average
weekly earnings, seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally
adjusted Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage
Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), and multiplying
by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally
adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsuper-

184




visory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the
1977 base. For total private, total goods-producing,
total private service-producing, wholesale trade, retail
trade, manufacturing, and durable and nondurable
goods industries, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the
1977 base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a
number of series characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular
components. These failed or unsatisfactory seasonally
adjusted series are used in the aggregation to broader
level seasonally adjusted series, however.
Beginning in June 1983, seasonal adjustment factors
for Federal Government employment are derived from
unadjusted data which include Christmas temporary
workers employed by the Postal Service. In earlier years
the number of these workers was substantial, and at
times varied greatly from year to year, based on administrative decisions of the Postal Service. Hence, it
was considered desirable to exclude this group from the
unadjusted data upon which the seasonal adjustment factors were based. In the past several years, the number of
these workers has decreased to the point where their
presence has no impact on seasonal adjustment. Temporary census takers for the 1980 decennial census are
removed prior to the calculation of seasonal adjustment
factors for Federal Government employment.
The revised seasonally adjusted series for the
establishment data reflect experience through March
1986. Seasonal adjustment factors to be used for current
adjustment appear in the June 1986 issue of Employment and Earnings.

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
REGION I - BOSTON
John Fitzgerald Kennedy Federal Building
Suite 1603
Boston, Mass. 02203

REGION V - CHICAGO
9th Floor
230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, 111. 60604

REGION II - NEW YORK
Suite 3400
1515 Broadway
New York, N.Y. 10036

REGION VI - DALLAS
Room 221
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, Tex. 75202

REGION III - PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, Pa. 19101

REGIONS VII and VIII
15th Floor
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, Mo. 64106

KANSAS CITY

REGION IV - ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street, NE.
Atlanta, Ga. 30367

REGIONS IX and X - SAN FRANCISCO
450 Golden Gate Avenue
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102

COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES
Current Employment Statistics Program (CES), and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program
(LA US)
BLS
Region
IV
X
IX
VI
IX
VIII
I
III
III

ALABAMA
ALASKA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
DIST. OF COL.

IV FLORIDA
IV
IX
X
V
V
VII
VII
IV
VI
I
III
I
V
V
IV
VII
VIII
VII
IX
I
II
VI
II
IV
VIII
V
VI

GEORGIA
HAWAII
IDAHO
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA

X OREGON
III PENNSYLVANIA
II PUERTO RICO
I
IV
VIII
IV
VI
VIII
I
III
II
X
III

RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VERMONT
VIRGINIA
VIRGIN ISLANDS
WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA

V WISCONSIN
VIII WYOMING




-Research and Statistics Div., Depart, of Industrial Relations, Industrial Relations Building, Room 427, Montgomery 36130
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-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, State Capitol Mall, P.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 72203
-Employment Data and Research Div., Employment Development Depart., P.O. Box 1679, Sacramento 95808.
-Division of Employment and Training, 1330 Fox Street, Denver 80204
-Employment Security Division, Labor Department, 200 Folly Brook Boulevard, Wethersfield 06109
-Department of Labor, University Plaza Office Complex, P.O. Box 9029, Newark 19711
-Division of Labor Market Information, Research and Analysis, Department of Employment Services,
500 C Street N.W., Room 411, Washington 20001
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-Bureau of Employment Security, 910 South Michigan Avenue, 12th Floor, Chicago 60605
-Employment Security Division, 10 North Senate Avenue, Indianapolis 46204
-Department of Job Service, 1000 East Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
-Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka Avenue, Topeka 66603
-Department for Employment Services, Cabinet for Human Resources, 275 E. Main Street, Frankfort 40621
-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 44094, Capitol Station, Baton Rouge 70804
-Division of Research and Analysis, Department of Labor, 20 Union Street, Augusta 04330
-Research and Analysis Division, Department of Human Resources, 1100 North Eutaw Street, Baltimore 21201
-Division of Employment Security, Charles F. Hurley Building, Government Center, Boston 02114
-Research and Statistics Division, Employment Security Commission, 7310 Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
-Department of Jobs and Training, 390 North Robert Street, St. Paul 55 KM
-Labor Market information Department, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 1699, Jackson 39215-1699
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-Employment Security Department, 500 East Third Street, Carson City 89713
-Department of Employment Security, 32 South Main Street, Concord 03301
-Division of Planning and Research, Department of Labor, P O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625
-Employment Services Division, Employment Security Department, P.O. Box 1928, Albuquerque 87103
-Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor, State Campus, Building 12, Albany 12240
-Labor Market Information Division, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 25903, Raleigh 27611
-Job Service, P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck,58502
-Labor Market Information Division, Bureau of Employment Services, P.O. Box 1618, Columbus 43216
-Research and Planning Division, Employment Security Commission, 310 Will Rogers Memorial Office Building,
Oklahoma City 73105
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Hato Rey 00918 (CES). Bureau of Employment Security, 505 Munoz Rivera Ave., 15th Fl., Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
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-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 1730, Aberdeen 57401
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-Department of Employment Security, P.O. Box 11249, Salt Lake City 84147
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-Division of Labor and Economic Security, Depart, of Employment Security, 112 California Avenue,
Charleston 25305
-Department of Industry, Labor, and Human Relations, P.O. Box 7944, Madison 53707
-Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 2760, Casper 82602