Full text of Employment and Earnings : March 1990
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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics March 1990 In this issue: 1989 annual averages for national establishment survey data U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Elizabeth Dole, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics m collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brie! description of the cooperative statistical programs of the BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory Notes. The State agencies are listed on rhe inside back cover Calendar of Features In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly in Employment and Earnings, special features appear in most of the issues as shown below. Household data Annual averages Jan, Union affiliation J;tn. Earnings by detailed occupation Jan. Revised seasonally adjusted series Employment and Earnings may be ordered through the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Print ing Office. Washington, DC 20402. Subscription price per year S25 domestic and $31.25 foreign. Single copy $8.50 domestic and $10.63 foreign. Annual supplement $M domestic and $17.50 foreign. Prices are subject to change by the U.S. Government Printing Office. Correspondence concerning subscriptions, including address changes and missing issues, should be sent to the Superintendent of Documents. Phone (202) 275-3054. Communications on material in this publication should be addressed to: Editors. Employment and Earnings. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC 20212, or phone: Gloria P. Green (202) 523-1959. Second class postage paid at Washington. DC, and at additional mailing addresses. Jan,. Feb. Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin. Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans, family relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan -nonmetropohtan and poverty-nonpoverty area data Jan., Apr, July, Oct. Establishment data National annual averages: Industry divisions (preliminary) Jan. Industry detail (final) Mar. Women employees (final) Mar. National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and new seasonal adjustment factors June Material in this publication is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. Revised historical national data Supplement' ISSN 0013-6840 State and area annual averages May Area definitions May State and area labor force data Annual averages The latest supplement was published in August 1989. May Employment and Earnings Vol. 37 No. 3 March 1990 Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Rosalie K. Epstein Contents Page List of statistical tables Employment and unemployment developments, February 1990 2 4 Statistical tables: HistoricalHousehold data Establishment data: Employment Hours and earnings 6 43 79 Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data Establishment data: Employment: National State and area Hours and earnings: National State and area State and area labor force data . 9 44 61 82 104 Ill Seasonally adjustedHousehold data Establishment data: Employment Hours and earnings Productivity data Explanatory notes 36 56 101 108 117 MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA Page Employment Status AAAAAAA- 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. A- 8. A- 9. A-10. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1956 to date Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1979 to date Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1956 to date Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race Employment status of persons in families by family relationship 6 7 8 9 12 13 14 16 17 18 Characteristics of the Unemployed A-ll. A-12. A-13. A-14. A-15. A-16. A-17. A-18. A-19. A-20. Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex persons by occupation and sex persons by industry and sex persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment persons by duration of unemployment persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used 19 20 21 22 23 23 24 25 26 26 Characteristics of the Employed A-21. A-22. A-23. A-24. A-25. A-26. A-27. A-28. A-29. A-30. A-31. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker Employed civilians by industry and occupation Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status 27 28 29 30 31 31 32 32 33 34 35 Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data A-32. A-33. A-34. A-35. A-36. A-37. A-38. A-39. A-40. A-41. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed in the United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted 36 37 38 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA Page Employment-National BBBB- 1. 2. 3. 4. B- 5. B- 6. B- 7. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1938 to date Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted 43 44 55 56 57 58 59 Employment-States and Areas B- 8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry 61 Hours and Earnings-National C- 1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date C- 2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry C- 2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing C- 3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls C- 4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars C- 5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted C- 6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted C- 7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted 79 82 98 99 100 101 102 103 Hours and Earnings-States and Areas C- 8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas 104 PRODUCTIVITY DATA C- 9. C-10. C-ll. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates 108 109 110 MONTHLY STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA D- 1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas Ill Employment and Unemployment Developments, February 1990 Employment rose and unemployment held steady. The overall jobless rate was 5.2 percent and the civilian worker rate was 5.3 percent. These have changed very little in the last year and a half. Payroll employment, as measured by the survey of nonfarm business establishments, rose by about 370,000 in February, on a seasonally adjusted basis, to 110.3 million. The large increase reflected the return of temporarily laidoff workers in automobile manufacturing, milder-thannormal weather which aided construction activity, and continued strength in services. Total civilian employment, as measured by the household survey, rose slightly in February. Unemployment The number of unemployed persons was about unchanged in February at 6.6 million, seasonally adjusted. The civilian worker unemployment rate, at 5.3 percent, has been the same for 9 consecutive months. (See table A-33.) The jobless rate for blacks dropped to 10.5 percent in February, reflecting improvement among adult black men. Jobless rates for other major worker groups—adult men (4.6 percent), adult women (4.8 percent), teenagers (14.8 percent), and whites (4.6 percent)—were about unchanged. (See tables A-33 and A-34.) The unemployment rate for auto workers, which had soared to 20 percent in January because of temporary plant shutdowns, fell back to 8 percent in February. Civilian employment and the labor force Total civilian employment edged up in February to 118.0 million, seasonally adjusted, and the employment-population ratio was essentially unchanged at 63 percent, about where it has held for the past year. The civilian labor force (124.6 million) also rose by a small amount over the month, and the labor force participation rate (66.5 percent) was little changed. Over the past year, the labor force has increased by 1.5 million, with the participation rate remaining relatively steady around the 66-percent mark. (See table A-33.) Industry payroll employment Total payroll employment rose by 370,000 in February, after seasonal adjustment, to a level of 110.3 million. The gain reflected a rebound in auto employment, favorable weather for construction and other outdoor activities, and strong increases in services. (See table B-4.) Manufacturing employment increased by 90,000 in February, seasonally adjusted, following steady declines over the past year. The gain resulted from the recall of workers in the auto industry, as many plants reopened after January shutdowns. A related rebound took place in fabricated metals employment, which was up by 10,000 over the month, after declining by 20,000 in the prior month. Otherwise, factory employment was weak, as evidenced by the diffusion index of employment change that was below 50 percent for the fourth straight month. Weakness was particularly apparent in nondurables, where declines occurred in six industries, including textiles, apparel, and rubber and plastics. (See tables B-4 and B-7.) Elsewhere in the goods-producing sector, construction employment rose by 60,000, after seasonal adjustment, as the unusually mild weather experienced in January continued into the February reference period, leading to fewer layoffs than usual for the second month in a row. Mining employment was about unchanged in February; the industry has added 40,000 jobs since last July. In the service-producing sector, the services industry added 145,000 jobs for the second straight month, after seasonal adjustment, which were broadly distributed among the various component industries, such as health, business, personal, and social services. Smaller increases occurred in transportation and public utilities (20,000) and finance, insurance, and real estate (15,000). Trade employment was little changed in February. Weekly hours The workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls edged up 0.1 hour in February to 34.6 hours, seasonally adjusted. The average workweek in manufacturing was unchanged at 40.7 hours, and factory overtime moved down 0.1 hour to 3.6 hours. (See table C-5.) The index of aggregate weekly hours of private production or nonsupervisory workers rose by 0.7 percent in February to 130.3 (1977 = 100), after seasonal adjustment. The index for manufacturing, at 94.4, also rose 0.7 percent, reversing a similar decline in January. (See table C-6.) Hourly and weekly earnings Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.5 percent in February, seasonally adjusted, after showing little move- ment in January. Average weekly earnings rose by 0.8 percent. Before seasonal adjustment, average hourly earnings increased 3 cents to $9.90, and average weekly earnings rose $2.02 to $339.57. Over the year, both hourly and weekly earnings increased by 3.7 percent. (See tables C-l and C-7.) Scheduled Release Dates Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the following dates: Reference month Release date Reference month Release date March April 6 June July 6 April May 4 July August 3 May June 1 August September 7 HOUSEHOLD DATA HISTORICAL A-1. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1956 to date (Numbers in thousands) Labor force Noninstitutional population Year and month Employed Number Percent of population Total Resident Armed Forces Unemployed Civilian Total Agriculture Percent Nonagricultural industries Number of labor force Not in labor force Annual averages 1956 1957 1958 1959 112,919 114,213 115,574 117,117 68,517 68,877 69,486 70,157 60.7 60.3 60.1 59.9 65,764 66,019 64,883 66,418 1,965 1,948 1,847 1,788 63,799 64,071 63,036 64,630 6,283 5,947 5,586 5,565 57,514 58,123 57,450 59,065 2,750 2,859 4,602 3,740 4.0 4.2 6.6 5.3 44,402 45,336 46,088 46,960 I960 1 1961 19621 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 119,106 120,671 122,214 124,422 126,503 128,459 130,180 132,092 134,281 136,573 71,489 72,359 72,675 73,839 75,109 76,401 77,892 79,565 80,990 82,972 60.0 60.0 59.5 59.3 59.4 59.5 59.8 60.2 60.3 60.8 67,639 67,646 68,763 69,768 71,323 73,034 75,017 76,590 78,173 80,140 1,861 1,900 2,061 2,006 2,018 1,946 2,122 2,218 2,253 2,238 65,778 65,746 66,702 67,762 69,305 71,088 72,895 74,372 75,920 77,902 5,458 5,200 4,944 4,687 4,523 4,361 3,979 3,844 3,817 3,606 60,318 60,546 61,759 63,076 64,782 66,726 68,915 70,527 72,103 74,296 3,852 4,714 3,911 4,070 3,786 3,366 2,875 2,975 2,817 2,832 5.4 6.5 5.4 5.5 5.0 4.4 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.4 47,617 48,312 49,539 50,583 51,394 52,058 52,288 52,527 53,291 53,602 1970 1971 19721 19731 1974 1975 1976 1977 19781 1979 139,203 142,189 145,939 148,870 151,841 154,831 157,818 160,689 163,541 166,460 84,889 86,355 88,847 91,203 93,670 95,453 97,826 100,665 103,882 106,559 61.0 60.7 60.9 61.3 61.7 61.6 62.0 62.6 63.5 64.0 80,796 81,340 83,966 86,838 88,515 87,524 90,420 93,673 97,679 100,421 2,118 1,973 1,813 1,774 1,721 1,678 1,668 1,656 1,631 1,597 78,678 79,367 82,153 85,064 86,794 85,846 88,752 92,017 96,048 98,824 3,463 3,394 3,484 3,470 3,515 3,408 3,331 3,283 3,387 3,347 75,215 75,972 78,669 81,594 83,279 82,438 85,421 88,734 92,661 95,477 4,093 5,016 4,882 4,365 5,156 7,929 7,406 6,991 6,202 6,137 4.8 5.8 5.5 4.8 5.5 8.3 7.6 6.9 6.0 5.8 54,315 55,834 57,091 57,667 58,171 59,377 59,991 60,025 59,659 59,900 169,349 171,775 173,939 175,891 178,080 179,912 182,293 184,490 186,322 188,081 108,544 110,315 111,872 113,226 115,241 117,167 119,540 121,602 123,378 125,557 64.1 64.2 64.3 64.4 64.7 65.1 65.6 65.9 66.2 66.8 100,907 102,042 101,194 102,510 106,702 108,856 111,303 114,177 116,677 119,030 1,604 1,645 1,668 1,676 1,697 1,706 1,706 1,737 1,709 1,688 99,303 100,397 99,526 100,834 105,005 107,150 109,597 112,440 114,968 117,342 3,364 3,368 3,401 3,383 3,321 3,179 3,163 3,208 3,169 3,199 95,938 97,030 96,125 97,450 101,685 103,971 106,434 109,232 111,800 114,142 7,637 8,273 10,678 10,717 8,539 8,312 8,237 7,425 6,701 6,528 7.0 7.5 9.5 9.5 7.4 7.1 6.9 6.1 5.4 5.2 60,806 61,460 62,067 62,665 62,839 62,744 62,752 62,888 62,944 62,523 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 19861 1987 1988 1989 . . . .. Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2 1989: Februarv March April May June July August September October November December 187,461 187,581 187,708 187,854 187,995 188,149 188,286 188,428 188,580 188,721 188,865 124,801 124,929 125,299 125,224 125,777 125,679 125,758 125,725 125,857 126,192 126,246 66.6 66.6 66.8 66.7 66.9 66.8 66.8 66.7 66.7 66.9 66.8 118,441 118,731 118,768 118,805 119,208 119,102 119,238 119,121 119,294 119,540 119,588 1,684 1,684 1,684 1,673 1,666 1,666 1,688 1,702 1,709 1,704 1,700 116,757 117,047 117,084 117,132 117,542 117,436 117,550 117,419 117,585 117,836 117,888 3,196 3,185 3,144 3,137 3,138 3,217 3,275 3,219 3,197 3,160 3,197 113,561 113,862 113,940 113,995 114,404 114,219 114,275 114,200 114,388 114,676 114,691 6,360 6,198 6,531 6,419 6,569 6,577 6,520 6,604 6,563 6,652 6,658 5.1 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.3 62,660 62,652 62,409 62,630 62,218 62,470 62,528 62,703 62,723 62,529 62,619 1990: Januarv February 188,990 189,090 126,094 126,308 66.7 66.8 119,560 119,713 1,697 1,678 117,863 118,035 3,134 3,079 114,728 114,957 6,535 6,594 5.2 5.2 62,896 62,782 Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical Comparability'' under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes. 2 The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. NOTE: Revisions of seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data (shown in tables A-1 through A-3 and A-32 through A-53) for the most recent 5-year period are made at the end of each calendar year. HOUSEHOLD DATA HISTORICAL A-2. Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1979 to date (Numbers in thousands) Labor force Noninstitutional population Sex, year, and month Employed Number Percent of population Total Unemployed Civiliar Resident Armed Forces Total Agriculture Nonaghcultural industries Number Percent of labor force Not in labor force Annual averages MEN 1979 79,509 62,215 78.2 59,096 1,489 57,607 2,686 54,921 3,120 5.0 17,293 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 19861 1987 1988 1989 80,877 82,023 83,052 84,064 85,156 86,025 87,349 88,476 89,404 90,283 62,932 63,486 63,979 64,580 65,386 65,967 66,973 67,784 68,474 69,360 77.8 77.4 77.0 76.8 76.8 76.7 76.7 76.6 76.6 76.8 58,665 58,909 57,800 58,320 60,642 61,447 62,443 63,684 64,820 65,835 1,479 1,512 1,529 1,533 1,551 1,556 1,551 1,577 1,547 1,520 57,186 57,397 56,271 56,787 59,091 59,891 60,892 62,107 63,273 64,315 2,709 2,700 2,736 2,704 2,668 2,535 2,511 2,543 2,493 2,513 54,477 54,697 53,534 54,083 56,423 57,356 58,381 59,564 60,780 61,802 4,267 4,577 6,179 6,260 4,744 4,521 4,530 4,101 3,655 3,525 6.8 7.2 9.7 9.7 7.3 6.9 6.8 6.1 5.3 5.1 17,945 18,537 19,073 19,484 19,771 20,058 20,376 20,692 20,930 20,923 • •• Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2 1989: February March April May June July August September October November December 89,973 90,032 90,094 90,167 90,237 90,315 90,384 90,456 90,535 90,606 90,678 69,033 69,100 69,293 69,142 69,542 69,366 69,404 69,360 69,599 69,635 69,725 76.7 76.8 76.9 76.7 77.1 76.8 76.8 76.7 76.9 76.9 76.9 65,529 65,814 65,727 65,713 66,078 65,939 65,919 65,681 66,046 66,011 66,143 1,521 1,521 1,521 1,511 1,501 1,499 1,519 1,531 1,533 1,529 1,525 64,008 64,293 64,206 64,202 64,577 64,440 64,400 64,150 64,513 64,482 64,618 2,503 2,495 2,460 2,465 2,480 2,539 2,592 2,520 2,513 2,477 2,535 61,505 61,798 61,746 61,737 62,097 61,901 61,808 61,630 62,000 62,005 62,083 3,504 3,286 3,566 3,429 3,464 3,427 3,485 3,679 3,553 3,624 3,582 5.1 4.8 5.1 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.1 20,940 20,932 20,801 21,025 20,695 20,949 20,980 21,096 20,936 20,971 20,953 1990: January February 90,772 90,822 69,539 69,639 76.6 76.7 65,943 66,108 1,523 1,506 64,420 64,602 2,501 2,461 61,918 62,141 3,597 3,530 5.2 5.1 21,233 21,183 Annual averages WOMEN 1979 86,951 44,343 51.0 41,325 108 41,217 661 40,556 3,018 6.8 42,608 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 19861 1987 1988 1989 88,472 89,751 90,887 91,827 92,924 93,886 94,944 96,013 96,918 97,798 45,611 46,829 47,894 48,646 49,855 51,200 52,568 53,818 54,904 56,198 51.6 52.2 52.7 53.0 53.7 54.5 55.4 56.1 56.6 57.5 42,241 43,133 43,395 44,190 46,061 47,409 48,861 50,494 51,858 53,195 124 133 139 143 146 150 155 160 162 168 42,117 43,000 43,256 44,047 45,915 47,259 48,706 50,334 51,696 53,027 656 667 665 680 653 644 652 666 676 687 41,461 42,333 42,591 43,367 45,262 46,615 48,054 49,668 51,020 52,341 3,370 3,696 4,499 4,457 3,794 3,791 3,707 3,324 3,046 3,003 7.4 7.9 9.4 9.2 7.6 7.4 7.1 6.2 5.5 5.3 42,861 42,922 42,993 43,181 43,068 42,686 42,376 42,195 42,014 41,601 Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2 1989: February March April May June JU|y Auoust September October November December 1990: January February - • 97,488 97,550 97,614 97,687 97,758 97,834 97,902 97,972 98,045 98,115 98,187 55,768 55,829 56,006 56,082 56,235 56,313 56,354 56,365 56,258 56,557 56,521 57.2 57.2 57.4 57.4 57.5 57.6 57.6 57.5 57.4 57.6 57.6 52,912 52,917 53,041 53,092 53,130 53,163 53,319 53,440 53,248 53,529 53,445 163 163 163 162 165 167 169 171 176 175 175 52,749 52,754 52,878 52,930 52,965 52,996 53,150 53,269 53,072 53,354 53,270 693 690 684 672 658 678 683 699 684 683 662 52,056 52,064 52,194 52,258 52,307 52,318 52,467 52,570 52,388 52,671 52,608 2,856 2,912 2,965 2,990 3,105 3,150 3,035 2,925 3,010 3,028 3,076 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.4 5.4 41,720 41,721 41,608 41,605 41,523 41,521 41,548 41,607 41,787 41,558 41,666 98,218 98,268 56,555 56,669 57.6 57.7 53,617 53,605 174 172 53,443 53,433 633 618 52,810 52,815 2,938 3,064 5.2 5.4 41 663 41,599 1 Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes. 2 The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. HOUSEHOLD DATA HISTORICAL A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1956 to date (Numbers in thousands) Year and month Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Total Percent of population Employed Unemployment rates Unemployed Total Men Women Annual averages 1956 1957 1958 1959 110,954 112,265 113,727 115,329 66,552 66,929 67,639 68,369 60.0 59.6 59.5 59.3 63,799 64,071 63,036 64,630 2,750 2,859 4,602 3,740 4.1 4.3 6.8 5.5 3.8 4.1 6.8 5.2 4.8 4.7 6.8 5.9 I960 1 1961 19621 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 117,245 118,771 120,153 122,416 124,485 126,513 128,058 129,874 132,028 134,335 69,628 70,459 70,614 71,833 73,091 74,455 75,770 77,347 78,737 80,734 59.4 59.3 58.8 58.7 58.7 58.9 59.2 59.6 59.6 60.1 65,778 65,746 66,702 67,762 69,305 71,088 72,895 74,372 75,920 77,902 3,852 4,714 3,911 4,070 3,786 3,366 2,875 2,975 2,817 2,832 5.5 6.7 5.5 5.7 5.2 4.5 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.5 5.4 6.4 5.2 5.2 4.6 4.0 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.8 5.9 7.2 6.2 6.5 6.2 5.5 4.8 5.2 4.8 4.7 1970 1971 19721 19731 1974 1975 1976 1977 19781 1979 137,085 140,216 144,126 147,096 150,120 153,153 156,150 159,033 161,910 164,863 82,771 84,382 87,034 89,429 91,949 93,775 96,158 99,009 102,251 104,962 60.4 60.2 60.4 60.8 61.3 61.2 61.6 62.3 63.2 63.7 78,678 79,367 82,153 85,064 86,794 85,846 88,752 92,017 96,048 98,824 4,093 5,016 4,882 4,365 5,156 7,929 7,406 6,991 6,202 6,137 4.9 5.9 5.6 4.9 5.6 8.5 7.1 6.1 5.8 4.4 5.3 5.0 4.2 4.9 7.9 7.1 6.3 5.3 5.1 5.9 6.9 6.6 6.0 6.7 9.3 8.6 8.2 7.2 6.8 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 19861 1987 1988 1989 167,745 170,130 172,271 174,215 176,383 178,206 180,587 182,753 184,613 186,393 106,940 108,670 110,204 111,550 113,544 115,461 117,834 119,865 121,669 123,869 63.8 63.9 64.0 64.0 64.4 64.8 65.3 65.6 65.9 66.5 99,303 100,397 99,526 100,834 105,005 107,150 109,597 112,440 114,968 117,342 7,637 8,273 10,678 10,717 8,539 8,312 8,237 7,425 6,701 6,528 7.1 7.6 9.7 9.6 7.5 7.2 7.0 6.2 5.5 5.3 6.9 7.4 9.9 9.9 7.4 7.0 6.9 6.2 5.5 5.2 7.4 7.9 9.4 9.2 7.6 7.4 7.1 6.2 5.6 5.4 in Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2 1989: February March April May June JUjy August September October November December 185,777 185,897 186,024 186,181 186,329 186,483 186,598 186,726 186,871 187,017 187,165 123,117 123,245 123,615 123,551 124,111 124,013 124,070 124,023 124,148 124,488 124,546 66.3 66.3 66.5 66.4 66.6 66.5 66.5 66.4 66.4 66.6 66.5 116,757 117,047 117,084 117,132 117,542 117,436 117,550 117,419 117,585 117,836 117,888 6,360 6,198 6,531 6,419 6,569 6,577 6,520 6,604 6,563 6,652 6,658 5.2 5.0 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.2 4.9 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.4 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.4 5.5 1990: Januarv February 187,293 187,412 124,397 124,630 66.4 66.5 117,863 118,035 6,535 6,594 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.4 1 Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes. 2 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race (Numbers in thousands) February 1990 Civilian labor force Age, sex, and race Not in labor force Unemployed Civilian noninstitutional population Total 187,412 14,008 6,701 7,307 17,764 104,817 42,847 20,974 21,873 36,809 19,639 17,170 25,160 13,729 11,431 21,265 10,595 10,670 29,559 10,122 7,887 11,550 Percent of population Employed 123,442 6,993 2,596 4,397 13,554 87,647 35,958 17,586 18,371 31,503 16,752 14,751 20,186 11,405 8,781 11,787 7,061 4,726 3,461 2,109 882 470 65.9 49.9 38.7 60.2 76.3 83.6 83.9 83.8 84.0 85.6 85.3 85.9 80.2 83.1 76.8 55.4 66.6 44.3 11.7 20.8 11.2 4.1 116,308 5,893 2,125 3,768 12,314 83,437 33,782 16,413 17,369 30,210 16,069 14,140 19,445 10,953 8,492 11,327 6,757 4,570 3,336 2,029 852 455 7,134 1,100 471 628 1,240 4,210 2,175 1,173 1,002 1,294 683 611 741 452 289 459 304 156 124 80 30 15 89,316 7,068 3,432 3,636 8,618 51,273 21,073 10,282 10,791 18,013 9,639 8,374 12,187 6,672 5,515 10,042 5,054 4,988 12,315 4,598 3,427 4,291 67,379 3,620 1,329 2,291 7,107 47,925 19,825 9,638 10,187 17,039 9,152 7,887 11,060 6,163 4,897 6,700 4,002 2,698 2,028 1,221 518 289 75.4 51.2 38.7 63.0 82.5 93.5 94.1 93.7 94.4 94.6 94.9 94.2 90.8 92.4 88.8 66.7 79.2 54.1 16.5 26.6 15.1 6.7 63,293 3,007 1,088 1,919 6,377 45,547 18,589 8,980 9,609 16,326 8,782 7,544 10,632 5,898 4,734 6,408 3,808 2,600 1,954 1,176 498 279 98,096 6,940 3,268 3,671 9,146 53,544 21,774 10,692 11,083 18,797 10,000 8,796 12,973 7,057 5,916 11,223 5,541 5,682 17,244 5,525 4,460 7,259 56,063 3,373 1,268 2,106 6,448 39,722 16,132 7,948 8,184 14,464 7,600 6,864 9,126 5,242 3,884 5,087 3,059 2,028 1,432 888 363 181 57.2 48.6 38.8 57.4 70.5 74.2 74.1 74.3 73.8 76.9 76.0 78.0 70.3 74.3 65.6 45.3 55.2 35.7 8.3 16.1 8.1 2.5 53,016 2,887 1,037 1,850 5,937 37,889 15,193 7,433 7,760 13,883 7,287 6,596 8,813 5,055 3,758 4,920 2,950 1,970 1,383 853 353 176 Percent of labor force Going to school Unable to work Total Keeping house 5.8 15.7 18.1 14.3 9.1 4.8 6.0 6.7 5.5 4.1 4.1 4.1 3.7 4.0 3.3 3.9 4.3 3.3 3.6 3.8 3.4 3.2 63,970 7,015 4,104 2,910 4,209 17,169 6,889 3,387 3,502 5,306 2,888 2,419 4,974 2,324 2,650 9,478 3,534 5,944 26,098 8,013 7,005 11,080 26,625 418 89 329 1,463 11,427 4,612 2,156 2,456 3,635 2,008 1,627 3,180 1,508 1,672 4,396 1,931 2,465 8,919 2,785 2,424 3,710 9,480 6,083 3,829 2,255 2,104 1,246 837 561 276 303 176 126 106 79 27 30 15 15 15 8 2 5 3,396 32 5 27 102 1,386 314 145 168 476 222 254 596 269 327 769 374 394 1,107 279 224 604 24,470 481 181 300 540 3,110 1,127 525 601 892 481 411 1,091 467 624 4,283 1,213 3,070 16,056 4,941 4,355 6,760 4,087 613 240 372 729 2,377 1,236 659 578 713 370 343 428 265 163 293 194 98 75 45 20 10 6.1 16.9 18.1 16.3 10.3 5.0 6.2 6.8 5.7 4.2 4.0 4.4 3.9 4.3 3.3 4.4 4.9 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.9 3.5 21,936 3,449 2,104 1,345 1,511 3,348 1,247 644 603 973 487 486 1,127 509 618 3,342 1,052 2,290 10,287 3,377 2,908 4,002 594 32 13 19 41 248 93 43 51 88 40 49 66 22 44 86 32 54 187 46 57 84 4,715 3,135 1,978 1,157 1,091 478 369 257 112 84 48 36 25 21 5 10 2 8 1 1 _ - 1,953 20 3 17 67 914 222 97 124 301 137 163 392 178 214 482 237 245 469 168 101 200 14,674 261 109 152 311 1,707 563 247 316 500 262 238 644 288 355 2,765 782 1,983 9,630 3,161 2,751 3,718 3,047 487 231 256 511 1,833 939 515 424 581 313 268 313 187 126 167 109 58 50 35 10 5 5.4 14.4 18.2 12.2 7.9 4.6 5.8 6.5 5.2 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.4 3.6 3.2 3.3 3.6 2.8 3.5 4.0 2.7 2.6 42,034 3,566 2,001 1,565 2,698 13,822 5,642 2,744 2,898 4,333 2,400 1,932 3,847 1,814 2,033 6,137 2,482 3,654 15,811 4,637 4,097 7,078 26,030 386 76 310 1,422 11,179 4,518 2,113 2,405 3,547 1,968 1,579 3,114 1,486 1,628 4,311 1,899 2,411 8,732 2,739 2,368 3,626 4,765 2,948 1,850 1,098 1,013 768 469 304 164 218 128 90 81 59 23 21 13 7 14 7 2 5 1,444 12 2 10 34 472 92 48 44 176 85 91 204 91 113 287 138 149 639 111 123 404 9,795 220 72 148 229 1,403 563 279 285 392 219 173 447 179 269 1,518 432 1,087 6,426 1,780 1,604 3,042 Number Other reasons TOTAL 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over Men 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over Women 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over ... HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued (Numbers in thousands) February 1990 Civilian labor force Age, sex, and race Civilian Not in labor force Unemployed noninstitutional population Total 160,007 11,265 5,333 5,932 14,714 88,931 35,875 17,506 18,369 31,439 16,667 14,772 21,617 11,812 9,805 18,612 9,192 9,421 26,484 8,964 7,085 10,436 Percent of population Employed 106,113 6,046 2,290 3,756 11,487 74,997 30,407 14,845 15,562 27,119 14,330 12,788 17,471 9,880 7,591 10,439 6,227 4,212 3,145 1,922 790 433 66.3 53.7 42.9 63.3 78.1 84.3 84.8 84.8 84.7 86.3 86.0 86.6 80.8 83.6 77.4 56.1 67.7 44.7 11.9 21.4 11.2 4.2 100,689 5,184 1,897 3,287 10,578 71,833 28,851 14,000 14,852 26,124 13,817 12,307 16,858 9,505 7,353 10,062 5,978 4,084 3,032 1,851 762 419 5,425 862 393 469 909 3,164 1,556 845 711 995 514 482 613 375 238 377 248 128 113 70 28 14 5.1 14.3 17.2 12.5 7.9 4.2 5.1 5.7 4.6 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.8 3.1 3.6 4.0 3.0 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.3 53,894 5,219 3,043 2,177 3,228 13,934 5,468 2,661 2,807 4,320 2,336 1,984 4,146 1,932 2,215 8,173 2,965 5,208 23,339 7,042 6,295 10,003 22,990 328 74 254 1,140 9,623 3,799 1,761 2,038 3,088 1,710 1,377 2,736 1,292 1,444 3,849 1,647 2,202 8,052 2,455 2,184 3,412 7,128 4,512 2,824 1,688 1,649 932 618 416 202 234 128 106 80 55 24 26 12 14 10 4 2 4 2,515 29 5 24 74 992 233 109 124 324 154 170 434 200 234 556 272 284 864 215 183 467 21,260 350 140 211 365 2,388 818 375 443 674 343 331 896 385 512 3,742 1,034 2,708 14,414 4,368 3,926 6,120 76,855 5,686 2,729 2,957 7,206 44,056 17,875 8,691 9,185 15,584 8,291 7,292 10,597 5,807 4,790 8,853 4,418 4,435 11,054 4,098 3,090 3,867 58,688 3,134 1,181 1,952 6,084 41,610 17,009 8,243 8,767 14,873 7,945 6,928 9,728 5,405 4,323 5,993 3,554 2,439 1,867 1,119 474 275 76.4 55.1 43.3 66.0 84.4 94.4 95.2 94.8 95.4 95.4 95.8 95.0 91.8 93.1 90.2 67.7 80.4 55.0 16.9 27.3 15.3 7.1 55,510 2,659 984 1,675 5,524 39,770 16,076 7,729 8,347 14,326 7,670 6,656 9,368 5,184 4,185 5,759 3,401 2,358 1,798 1,079 454 264 3,178 475 198 277 559 1,840 934 514 420 547 275 272 359 221 138 234 153 82 70 39 20 10 5.4 15.1 16.7 14.2 9.2 4.4 5.5 6.2 4.8 3.7 3.5 3.9 3.7 4.1 3.2 3.9 4.3 3.3 3.7 3.5 4.2 3.8 18,168 2,552 1,548 1,005 1,123 2,446 866 448 418 711 347 364 869 402 468 2,860 864 1,996 9,187 2,979 2,616 3,592 416 19 11 9 18 174 53 23 30 68 30 38 54 20 34 59 23 36 145 34 45 67 3,528 2,319 1,448 871 851 349 273 196 77 60 31 29 16 12 4 10 2 8 - 1,442 17 3 14 48 654 161 69 92 203 97 106 290 140 150 353 170 184 369 133 81 155 12,781 196 86 111 205 1,269 379 160 220 379 189 191 510 231 280 2,437 669 1,768 8,673 2,812 2,490 3,370 83,152 5,579 2,604 2,975 7,508 44,875 17,999 8,815 9,184 15,855 8,375 7,480 11,020 6,005 5,015 9,760 4,774 4,986 15,430 4,866 3,995 6,569 47,426 2,912 1,109 1,803 5,403 33,387 13,398 6,602 6,796 12,246 6,386 5,860 7,743 4,475 3,268 4,446 2,673 1,773 1,278 803 316 158 57.0 52.2 42.6 60.6 72.0 74.4 74.4 74.9 74.0 77.2 76.2 78.3 70.3 74.5 65.2 45.6 56.0 35.6 8.3 16.5 7.9 2.4 45,179 2,525 914 1,611 5,053 32,063 12,776 6,271 6,505 11,798 6,147 5,651 7,490 4,321 3,169 4,303 2,577 1,726 1,234 772 308 154 2,247 387 195 192 350 1,324 622 332 291 448 239 209 254 154 100 142 96 47 43 31 8 4 4.7 13.3 17.6 10.7 6.5 4.0 4.6 5.0 4.3 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.0 3.2 3.6 2.6 3.4 3.9 2.6 2.5 35,726 2,667 1,495 1,172 2,105 11,488 4,602 2,213 2,389 3,609 1,990 1,620 3,277 1,530 1,747 5,314 2,101 3,213 14,153 4,063 3,679 6,411 22,574 308 63 245 1,122 9,448 3,746 1,737 2,009 3,020 1,680 1,340 2,682 1,272 1,411 3,790 1,624 2,166 7,906 2,421 2,140 3,345 3,600 2,193 1,376 817 797 583 345 221 124 174 97 77 64 44 20 16 10 7 10 4 2 4 1,073 12 2 10 26 338 72 40 32 121 58 63 145 60 84 203 102 100 495 81 102 312 8,479 154 54 100 160 1,119 438 215 223 295 154 140 386 154 232 1,305 365 940 5,741 1,556 1,436 2,750 Number Percent of labor force Total Keeping house Going to school Unable to work Other reasons WHITE 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over Men 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over Women 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over .... 10 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued (Numbers in thousands) February 1990 Civilian labor force Age, sex, and race Civilian noninstitutional population Not in labor force Unemployed Total Percent of population Number Percent of labor force Employed Total Keeping house Going to school Unable to work Other reasons BLACK 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over 21,188 2,188 1,097 1,091 2,420 11,961 5,331 2,671 2,660 4,014 2,246 1,769 2,616 1,387 1,229 2,132 1,113 1,020 2,485 915 647 923 13,292 744 228 516 1,673 9,581 4,291 2,140 2,151 3,313 1,846 1,467 1,977 1,101 877 1,045 641 404 249 143 74 32 62.7 34.0 20.8 47.3 69.1 80.1 80.5 80.1 80.9 82.5 82.2 82.9 75.6 79.3 71.3 49.0 57.6 39.6 10.0 15.6 11.5 3.5 11,798 532 159 373 1,374 8,672 3,744 1,840 1,905 3,051 1,699 1,352 1,876 1,040 836 979 598 381 241 136 73 33 1,494 211 69 143 299 909 547 300 246 261 147 115 101 61 41 66 43 23 8 7 2 11.2 28.4 30.1 27.7 17.9 9.5 12.7 14.0 11.4 7.9 7.9 7.8 5.1 5.5 4.6 6.3 6.7 5.7 3.4 4.9 9,516 1,096 570 527 1,086 5,366 2,416 1,210 1,206 1,797 1,003 794 1,154 610 544 963 508 456 1,003 393 276 335 6,516 385 113 272 797 4,670 2,133 1,066 1,067 1,589 896 693 947 529 419 542 344 199 122 76 34 12 68.5 35.1 19.8 51.6 73.4 87.0 88.3 88.1 88.5 88.4 89.3 87.3 82.1 86.7 77.0 56.3 67.7 43.6 12.2 19.4 12.3 3.7 5,738 265 75 189 648 4,208 1,864 934 931 1,450 817 633 894 494 401 499 312 187 119 72 34 13 11,672 1,092 528 564 1,334 6,595 2,916 1,461 1,454 2,217 1,243 975 1,462 777 685 1,169 605 564 1,482 523 371 588 6,778 359 115 244 876 4,911 2,158 1,074 1,084 1,723 950 774 1,030 572 458 503 297 206 127 66 40 20 58.1 32.9 21.8 43.2 65.7 74.5 74.0 73.5 74.5 77.7 76.4 79.4 70.4 73.6 66.8 43.0 49.1 36.4 8.6 12.7 10.9 3.4 6,060 268 84 183 726 4,464 1,880 906 974 1,602 882 720 982 546 435 480 286 194 122 63 39 20 01 () 7,895 1,445 869 576 747 2,380 1,040 531 509 701 400 302 639 286 352 1,088 472 615 2,235 773 573 890 2,787 75 8 67 261 1,286 601 296 305 356 197 159 329 149 179 442 230 212 722 259 197 266 1,737 1,252 826 426 306 171 118 77 41 34 27 7 20 17 2 4 4 1 3 4 _ 778 120 38 82 149 462 269 133 136 140 79 61 53 35 18 44 31 12 4 4 _ 11.9 31.2 33.3 30.3 18.7 9.9 12.6 12.4 12.8 8.8 8.8 8.7 5.6 6.6 4.4 8.0 9.2 6.1 2.9 5.0 (1) (1) 2,999 712 457 255 289 696 283 144 139 208 107 101 206 81 125 421 164 257 881 317 242 322 161 13 2 11 20 67 39 18 21 18 9 9 10 2 8 27 9 18 34 11 9 14 716 91 31 60 150 448 278 168 110 122 67 54 48 26 23 23 12 11 5 3 2 - 10.6 25.5 26.9 24.8 17.1 9.1 12.9 15.6 10.1 7.1 7.1 7.0 4.7 4.5 4.9 4.5 3.9 5.4 3.8 (1) (1) (1) 4,896 733 413 320 458 1,684 758 387 370 494 293 201 432 205 227 667 308 359 1,355 456 331 568 2,626 62 6 56 241 1,220 562 278 285 338 188 150 319 148 171 415 221 194 688 248 187 252 792 1 1 26 356 75 36 40 133 59 74 148 62 85 192 94 98 217 60 35 122 2,580 117 35 82 154 567 246 123 124 178 117 61 142 57 85 449 145 304 1,293 450 341 502 856 643 436 207 162 49 41 29 12 6 6 _ 2 2 _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ - 456 1 _ 1 17 234 59 28 31 84 35 50 91 33 58 118 64 54 86 31 16 38 1,526 55 18 37 89 346 143 68 75 99 58 41 104 45 59 277 91 185 759 273 216 270 881 609 389 219 144 122 76 47 29 28 21 7 18 15 2 4 4 1 2 3 _ - 336 _ _ _ 9 122 16 8 8 49 25 24 57 30 28 74 30 45 131 29 19 84 1,054 62 17 45 65 220 103 54 49 79 59 20 38 13 26 173 54 119 534 177 125 232 _ Men 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over Women 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 11 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex (Numbers in thousands) February 1990 Civilian labor force Age and sex Civilian noninstitutional population Employed Total 27,405 2,743 1,368 1,375 3,049 15,886 6,972 3,468 3,504 5,371 2,973 2,398 3,543 1,917 1,626 2,653 1,403 1,249 3,074 1,159 802 1,114 17.329 947 306 641 2,068 12,651 5,551 2,741 2,809 4,384 2,421 1,963 2,715 1,525 1,190 1,348 834 513 316 187 91 37 63.2 34.5 22.4 46.6 67.8 79.6 79.6 79.0 80.2 81.6 81.5 81.9 76.6 79.6 73.2 50.8 59.4 41.1 10.3 16.2 11.4 3.3 15,620 710 228 482 1,737 11,604 4,931 2,413 2,518 4,086 2,252 1,834 2,587 1,448 1,138 1,265 779 486 304 178 90 36 150 1 12,461 1,382 703 679 1,411 7,217 3,197 1,592 1,606 2,429 1,347 1,082 1,590 865 725 1,189 636 553 1,261 500 337 424 8,692 486 147 339 1,023 6,315 2,816 1,396 1,421 2,166 1,207 959 1,333 758 575 707 448 259 161 102 44 14 69.8 35.2 20.9 49.9 72.5 87.5 88.1 87.7 88.5 89.2 89.6 88.7 83.8 87.6 79.3 59.5 70.4 46.8 12.8 20.5 13.1 3.4 7,783 348 105 243 853 5,778 2,513 1,251 1,263 2,001 1,112 888 1.264 714 549 649 406 242 156 97 44 15 130 1 1 14,944 1,360 664 696 1,638 8,669 3,775 1,876 1,899 2,942 1,625 1,316 1,953 1.052 901 1,463 767 696 1,814 659 465 690 8,637 461 159 302 1,045 6,335 2,734 1,346 1,389 2,218 1,214 1,004 1,383 767 615 641 386 255 155 85 47 23 57.8 33.9 23.9 43.5 63.8 73.1 72.4 71.7 73.1 75.4 74.7 76.3 70.8 73.0 68.3 43.8 50.3 36.5 8.5 12.9 10.1 3.3 7,837 362 123 239 884 5,826 2,418 1,163 1,255 2,085 1,140 946 1,323 734 589 617 373 244 149 81 46 22 21 Percent of population Total Agriculture Unemployed Not in labor force Number Percent of labor force 15,469 709 227 482 1,723 11,491 4,888 2,391 2,496 4,039 2,227 1,813 2,564 1,437 1,127 1,248 768 481 298 178 86 35 1,709 238 78 159 331 1,047 620 328 292 299 169 129 128 77 52 83 55 28 11 9 2 9.9 25.1 25.6 24.8 16.0 8.3 11.2 12.0 10.4 6.8 7.0 6.6 4.7 5.0 4.3 6.1 6.6 5.4 3.6 4.9 1.8 10,076 1,795 1.062 734 982 3,235 1,422 727 695 986 551 435 828 392 436 1,305 569 736 2,759 971 710 1,077 7,653 347 104 243 839 5,679 2,478 1.231 1.247 1.957 1,088 869 1,244 704 539 638 400 238 151 96 42 13 909 138 43 95 170 537 303 145 158 166 95 71 69 44 25 59 42 17 5 5 10.5 28.4 29.0 28.2 16.6 8.5 10.8 10.4 11.1 7.6 7.8 7.4 5.2 5.8 4.4 8.3 9.3 6.5 3.0 5.1 3,769 896 556 340 389 902 381 196 185 263 140 123 258 107 150 482 188 294 1,100 397 293 410 7,816 362 123 239 884 5,812 2,410 1,160 1.249 2.082 1,138 944 1,320 732 588 610 368 243 148 81 44 22 800 99 36 64 161 509 317 183 134 133 74 58 59 33 26 24 13 11 6 4 2 1 Nonagriculturai industries TOTAL 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years .... 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years .... 40 to 44 years .... 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years .... 50 to 54 years .... 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over ... 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over. 14 113 43 22 21 47 26 21 23 12 11 17 12 5 6 1 4 2 Men 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over ... 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over. 14 99 36 20 16 43 24 19 20 10 10 11 7 4 5 1 2 2 0) 1 Women 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 25 to 29 years .... 30 to 34 years .... 35 to 44 years 35 to 39 years .... 40 to 44 years .... 45 to 54 years 45 to 49 years .... 50 to 54 years .... 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over ... 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 years and over. 1 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 12 14 8 2 5 3 2 2 3 2 1 6 5 1 1 9.3 21.6 22.4 21.1 15.4 8.0 11.6 13.6 9.6 6.0 6.1 5.8 4.3 4.3 4.3 3.8 3.4 4.3 4.1 4.7 O V) 6,307 899 506 393 593 2,334 1,040 531 510 723 411 312 570 284 286 823 381 442 1,659 574 418 667 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-6. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age (Numbers in thousands) Men, 20 years and over Total Employment status and race Women, 20 years and over Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 185,777 121,906 65.6 115,023 2,795 112,228 6,883 5.6 63,871 187,412 123,442 65.9 116,308 2,693 113,615 7,134 5.8 63,970 81,256 63,031 77.6 59,681 2,065 57,616 3,350 5.3 18,225 82,248 63,760 77.5 60,286 2,015 58,270 3,474 5.4 18,488 90,153 51,675 57.3 49,279 578 48,702 2,396 4.6 38,478 91,157 52,689 57.8 50,129 524 49,605 2,560 4.9 38,468 14,367 7,199 50.1 6,062 152 5,910 1,137 15.8 7,168 14,008 6,993 49.9 5,893 154 5,740 1,100 15.7 7,015 158,947 104,758 65.9 99,747 2,633 97,113 5,012 4.8 54,189 160,007 106,113 66.3 100,689 2,543 98,146 5,425 5.1 53,894 70,391 54,920 78.0 52,399 1,925 50,473 2,521 4.6 15,471 71,169 55,554 78.1 52,851 1,887 50,964 2,703 4.9 15,615 76,901 43,657 56.8 42,008 557 41,451 1,649 3.8 33,244 77,573 44,513 57.4 42,654 503 42,151 1,860 4.2 33,059 11,656 6,182 53.0 5,340 151 5,189 841 13.6 5,474 11,265 6,046 53.7 5,184 153 5,031 862 14.3 5,219 20,905 13,303 63.6 11,655 124 11,531 1,648 12.4 7,602 21,188 13,292 62.7 11,798 93 11,705 1,494 11.2 7,895 8,314 6,153 74.0 5,432 112 5,321 721 11.7 2,161 8,419 6,132 72.8 5,474 86 5,388 658 10.7 2,287 10,416 6,327 60.7 5,669 12 5,657 658 10.4 4,089 10,580 6,417 60.7 5,792 6 5,785 625 9.7 4,163 2,175 822 37.8 553 1 553 269 32.7 1,352 2,188 744 34.0 532 _ 532 211 28.4 1,445 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force White Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force Black Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force 13 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin (Numbers in thousands) February 1990 Civilian labor force Employment status, years of school completed, race, and Hispanic origin Civilian noninstitutional population Employed Total Percent of population Total Full time1 Unemployed Part time1 Total Looking for full-time work Looking for part-time work Percent of labor force 15,742 10,688 5,055 7,523 4,575 2,948 47.8 42.8 58.3 6,694 3,955 2,739 1,203 340 863 5,490 3,615 1,876 829 620 209 113 60 54 716 560 155 11.0 13.6 7.1 High school College Full-time students Part-time students 8,092 7,651 6,452 1,198 3,216 4,306 3,251 1,055 39.7 56.3 50.4 88.0 2,690 4,004 3,013 991 170 1,034 390 644 2,520 2,970 2,623 347 527 302 238 64 48 65 26 39 479 237 212 25 16.4 7.0 7.3 6.1 Men, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 7,974 5,436 2,538 3,751 2,284 1,467 47.0 42.0 57.8 3,305 1,969 1,336 619 191 428 2,686 1,777 909 446 315 131 58 26 32 387 289 98 11.9 13.8 8.9 High school College Full-time students Part-time students 4,277 3,698 3,160 538 1,697 2,053 1,559 494 39.7 55.5 49.4 91.8 1,426 1,880 1,417 462 107 512 211 302 1,318 1,367 1,207 161 272 174 142 32 23 36 16 19 249 138 126 12 16.0 8.5 9.1 6.4 Women, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 7,768 5,251 2,517 3,772 2,291 1,481 48.6 43.6 58.8 3,389 1,986 1,403 584 149 435 2,804 1,837 967 383 305 78 55 34 21 328 271 57 10.2 13.3 5.3 CO CO CO O> N> CO 00 O) CD en —*• O CO CO Ul TOTAL ENROLLED Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 1,519 2,253 1,692 561 39.8 57.0 51.4 84.9 1,264 2,124 1,596 529 63 522 179 342 1,202 1,603 1,416 186 255 129 96 32 25 30 10 20 229 99 86 12 16.8 5.7 5.7 5.7 12,783 8,547 4,236 6,583 4,006 2,577 51.5 46.9 60.8 5,912 3,511 2,401 1,027 300 727 4,885 3,210 1,675 671 496 175 86 46 41 585 450 135 10.2 12.4 6.8 Men Women 6,502 6,281 3,320 3,263 51.1 52.0 2,956 2,956 531 495 2,425 2,460 363 308 42 45 322 263 10.9 9.4 High school College Full-time students Part-time students 6,341 6,442 5,424 1,018 2,802 3,781 2,885 896 44.2 58.7 53.2 88.0 2,380 3,532 2,690 841 142 885 332 553 2,239 2,647 2,358 288 421 250 195 55 35 51 17 34 387 198 178 20 15.0 6.6 6.8 6.1 2,249 1,679 570 696 427 270 31.0 25.4 47.3 563 318 245 135 20 115 428 298 130 133 108 25 23 12 11 110 96 14 19.1 25.3 9.3 Men Women 1,095 1,154 302 394 27.6 34.2 238 326 60 75 177 250 64 69 14 10 51 59 21.3 17.4 High school College Full-time students Part-time students 1,423 826 694 132 322 374 260 114 22.6 45.3 37.4 86.4 225 338 230 107 23 112 45 67 202 225 185 40 97 36 30 7 13 11 8 3 84 26 22 4 30.0 9.7 11.4 5.9 1,200 866 334 484 284 200 40.4 32.8 59.9 414 227 187 114 43 71 300 184 116 70 57 13 8 10 62 48 15 14.6 20.2 6.5 Men Women 584 616 238 247 40.7 40.0 200 214 58 56 142 158 38 32 3 5 35 27 16.0 13.2 High school College Full-time students Part-time students 775 425 318 106 227 257 166 91 29.3 60.5 52.3 85.3 173 240 150 90 22 92 29 63 151 149 121 27 54 17 16 1 9 45 18 18 23.7 6.4 9.6 .6 High school College Full-time students Part-time students White Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Black Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Hispanic origin Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years See footnotes at end of table. 14 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued (Numbers in thousands) February 1990 Civilian labor force Employment status, years of school completed, race, and Hispanic origin Civilian noninstitutional population Employed Total Percent of population Total Full time1 Unemployed Part time1 Total Looking for full-time work Looking for part-time work Percent of labor force TOTAL NOT ENROLLED 16,029 3,320 12,709 13,025 2,418 10,607 81.3 72.8 83.5 11,514 1,938 9,576 9,923 1,499 8,424 1,591 440 1,151 1,511 480 1,031 1,381 415 966 130 65 65 11.6 19.8 9.7 Less than 4 years of high school 4 years of high school 1 to 3 years of college 4 years of college or more 4,052 8,075 2,469 1,433 2,582 6,830 2,221 1,392 63.7 84.6 90.0 97.1 2,014 6,091 2,066 1,344 1,628 5,238 1,812 1,245 385 853 254 99 568 739 155 48 506 695 134 46 63 44 21 2 22.0 10.8 7.0 3.5 Men, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 7,712 1,632 6,080 6,975 1,336 5,640 90.4 81.9 92.8 6,079 1,038 5,041 5,466 851 4,615 613 186 426 896 298 599 859 270 589 37 28 10 12.9 22.3 10.6 2,124 3,955 1,063 570 1,727 3,674 1,015 1,340 3,255 559 81.3 92.9 95.5 98.0 945 540 1,141 2,955 864 506 198 300 81 34 388 419 70 19 371 406 65 17 17 14 5 1 22.4 11.4 6.9 3.4 8,317 1,688 6,629 6,050 1,082 4,967 72.7 64.1 74.9 5,435 901 4,535 4,457 647 3,810 978 253 725 614 182 433 522 145 377 93 37 55 10.2 16.8 8.7 1,929 4,120 1,405 863 855 3,156 1,206 833 44.3 76.6 85.8 96.5 674 2,836 1,121 804 487 2,283 947 739 187 553 174 65 181 320 85 29 135 289 69 29 46 30 16 21.2 10.1 7.0 3.5 13,197 2,718 10,479 10,949 2,039 8,910 83.0 75.0 85.0 9,849 1,673 8,176 8,546 1,311 7,235 1,304 363 941 1,100 366 734 1,007 314 693 93 52 41 10.0 18.0 8.2 Men Women 6,391 6,806 5,898 5,052 92.3 74.2 5,227 4,622 4,742 3,804 485 819 670 430 641 366 29 64 11.4 8.5 Less than 4 years of high school 4 years of high school 1 to 3 years of college 4 years of college or more 3,255 6,578 2,049 1,316 2,165 5,668 1,836 1,280 66.5 86.2 89.6 97.3 1,733 5,136 1,741 1,239 1,430 4,423 1,541 1,151 303 713 200 87 432 532 95 41 390 496 82 39 41 36 13 2 19.9 9.4 5.2 3.2 2,360 509 1,850 1,721 317 1,404 72.9 62.2 75.9 1,343 214 1,130 1,112 151 962 231 63 168 377 103 274 342 92 250 36 12 24 21.9 32.6 19.5 Men Women 1,088 1,272 880 841 80.9 66.1 675 668 578 535 98 133 205 173 197 145 8 28 23.3 20.5 Less than 4 years of high school 4 years of high school 1 to 3 years of college 4 years of college or more 660 1,310 323 67 335 1,017 303 66 50.8 77.6 93.7 215 820 249 59 153 706 202 51 62 114 46 8 120 197 54 7 100 190 46 7 20 7 8 35.9 19.3 17.9 2,174 547 72.2 64.5 74.7 1,375 275 1,100 1,198 231 967 177 44 133 194 78 117 175 62 113 20 16 4 12.4 22.0 9.6 Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Less than 4 years of high school 4 years of high school 1 to 3 years of college 4 years of college or more Women, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Less than 4 years of high school 4 years of high school 1 to 3 years of college 4 years of college or more White Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Black Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Hispanic origin 1,627 1,569 353 1,216 Men Women 1,143 1,031 1,012 557 88.5 54.0 896 479 810 388 86 91 116 78 109 66 7 12 11.5 14.0 Less than 4 years of high school 4 years of high school 1 to 3 years of college 4 years of college or more 1,112 783 238 41 726 608 199 36 65.2 77.7 83.6 611 551 181 31 539 467 164 27 71 84 17 5 115 57 18 5 103 50 17 5 12 7 15.8 9.3 8.9 Total, 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 1 Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. 15 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age (Numbers in thousands) Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Employed Total Veteran status Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Unemployed Percent of labor force Number Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 4.8 4.9 5.8 4.8 4.4 3.5 3.8 3.6 4.1 4.0 VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS Total, 35 years and over 35 to 49 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 49 years 50 years and over 7,350 4,417 1,905 3,195 1,317 933 7,573 6,514 1,528 3,324 1,662 1,059 6,712 6,102 1,808 3,048 1,245 611 6,887 6,168 1,443 3,175 1,551 719 6,450 5,853 1,701 2,954 1,197 597 6,559 5,865 1,360 3,023 1,482 694 262 249 15,861 7,190 4,636 4,036 16,820 7,707 4,943 4,170 14,820 6,786 4,344 3,690 15,784 7,331 4,612 3,842 14,196 6,491 4,143 3,562 15,178 7,070 4,422 3,687 107 329 304 83 94 151 48 14 69 25 3.9 4.1 5.9 3.1 3.9 2.3 624 295 201 128 606 261 190 155 4.2 4.3 4.6 3.5 NONVETERANS Total, 35 to 49 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 49 years NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data are limited to those 35 to 49 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population. Data 16 for 30-to 34-year-old veterans are no longer shown in this table because the group is rapidly disappearing (into the 35-39 age category) and the numbers remaining for some labor force categories are not large enough to warrant their continued publication. HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race (In thousands) February 1990 Employed Unemployed Part time Full time Sex, age, and race Total Full-time schedules1 Part time for economic reasons, usually work full time Total Voluntary1 Part time for economic reasons, usually work part time Looking for full-time work Looking for part-time work 5,654 474 77 397 1,480 625 394 232 854 220 634 447 187 TOTAL Total, 16 years and over ... 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 95,936 1,839 204 1,635 94,096 9,287 84,809 73,856 10,953 93,995 1,697 181 1,516 92,299 9,001 83,297 72,568 10,730 1,940 143 23 119 1,798 286 1,512 1,288 224 20,373 4,054 1,921 2,134 16,318 3,027 13,291 9,581 3,711 17,416 3,770 1,874 1,896 13,646 2,496 11,150 7,766 3,384 2,957 284 46 238 2,673 Men, 16 years and over .... 16 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 56,657 1,043 55,614 5,043 50,571 43,701 6,870 55,490 959 54,531 4,879 49,652 42,943 6,709 1,167 84 1,083 164 919 758 161 6,636 1,964 4,672 1,335 3,337 1,846 1,491 5,494 1,831 3,663 1,090 2,573 1,194 1,379 1,142 133 1,009 245 764 653 112 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 39,279 796 38,483 4,245 34,238 30,155 4,083 38,505 738 37,768 4,122 33,645 29,625 4,020 774 59 715 122 593 530 63 13,737 2,090 11,646 1,692 9,954 7,734 2,220 11,922 1,939 9,982 1,406 8,577 6,572 2,004 1,815 151 1,664 287 2,184 179 1,377 1,162 215 1,607 1,492 115 Men, 16 years and over .... 16 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 49,798 900 48,898 4,373 44,525 38,316 6,209 48,781 821 47,960 4,237 43,723 37,662 6,061 1,017 79 938 137 801 653 148 5,712 1,759 3,953 1,151 2,802 1,454 1,348 4,834 1,645 3,189 959 2,230 968 1,262 878 114 764 192 572 486 85 2,666 222 2,444 461 512 253 259 1,983 1,747 236 92 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 32,952 711 32,241 3,588 28,653 25,068 3,585 32,350 661 31,689 3,502 28,187 24,660 3,527 602 50 552 86 466 408 58 12,227 1,814 10,413 1,465 8,947 6,995 1,952 10,721 1,684 9,037 1,241 7,796 6,024 1,773 1,505 130 1,561 138 1,376 224 1,423 272 1,151 1,053 98 Men, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 5,075 110 4,965 528 4,437 3,934 503 4,937 105 4,832 502 4,330 3,839 491 137 5 132 26 107 95 12 664 154 509 121 389 274 114 454 141 314 82 232 139 93 209 14 196 39 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 4,955 61 4,894 549 4,345 3,959 386 4,798 53 4,746 514 4,231 3,850 382 157 8 148 35 114 110 4 1,104 207 898 177 721 504 216 848 190 659 122 536 354 182 531 2,141 1,814 327 5,180 1,020 4,160 3,764 396 3,470 296 3,174 622 2,553 2,272 281 2,006 398 617 317 300 108 192 106 86 863 308 554 113 442 341 101 White 1,151 971 180 98 161 68 686 249 436 78 359 271 88 Black 55 years and over Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according 157 135 21 256 17 239 55 184 150 34 697 66 631 145 486 453 33 81 54 27 4 23 555 37 517 161 54 117 400 386 15 9 14 107 33 75 62 13 to whether they usually work full or part time. 17 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-10. Employment status of persons in families by family relationship (Numbers in thousands) February 1990 Civilian labor force Not in labor force Unemployed Family relationship Total Percent of population Employed Percent of Number labor force Total Keeping house Going to school Unable to work Other reasons Total, 16 years and over1 98,787 66.2 93,091 5,696 5.8 50,387 21,621 8,568 2,397 17,801 Husbands With employed wife With unemployed wife With wife not in labor force 39,995 26,359 1,035 12,601 77.9 91.7 91.3 58.7 38,578 25,511 881 12,185 1,417 848 153 416 3.5 3.2 14.8 3.3 11,366 2,385 99 8,882 185 77 3 105 224 129 7 89 972 394 9 570 9,985 1,786 80 8,119 Wives With employed husband With unemployed husband With husband not in labor force 29,878 26,393 1,001 2,484 58.2 68.4 70.7 21.9 28,745 25,511 848 2,385 1,133 881 153 99 3.8 3.3 15.3 4.0 21,484 12,185 416 8,882 16,885 10,629 350 5,906 402 354 9 39 376 144 15 217 3,820 1,059 42 2,720 Relatives in married-couple families 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 12,394 4,398 4,441 3,554 61.2 49.0 73.8 67.5 11,060 3,836 4,042 3,182 1,334 562 400 372 10.8 12.8 9.0 10.5 7,870 4,578 1,579 1,713 729 103 146 480 5,593 4,202 1,229 162 311 15 46 250 1,237 258 159 820 Women who maintain families 6,923 62.6 6,384 539 7.8 4,128 2,726 266 214 922 Relatives in families maintained by women 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 5,624 1,362 1,541 2,720 59.7 46.4 71.5 62.8 4,742 1,037 17290 2,415 882 325 252 305 15.7 23.9 16.3 11.2 3,803 1,573 616 1,614 721 79 130 512 1,710 1,353 293 64 338 5 26 307 1,034 137 167 730 Men who maintain families 2,188 76.5 2,049 139 6.3 671 55 35 105 476 Relatives in families maintained by men ... 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 1,784 308 464 1,013 62.6 54.1 78.0 60.1 1,533 240 384 909 252 68 80 104 14.1 22.2 17.2 10.3 1,065 262 131 672 320 12 20 288 338 218 84 36 81 2 2 77 326 29 25 272 1 Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in families where the husband, wife, or other person maintaining the family is in the Armed Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies. NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women 18 who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status estimates shown in other tables in this publication because of differences in definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data. HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex Men Marital status, race, and age Thousands of persons Women Unemployment rates Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Total, 16 years and over Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 4,040 1,552 572 1,917 4,087 1,573 589 6.1 3.7 8.3 10.6 6.1 3.7 8.4 White, 16 years and over.... Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 3,045 1,315 400 3,178 1,331 1,318 447 1,413 Black, 16 years and over .... Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 873 187 158 528 778 198 125 455 Total, 25 years and over Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 2,621 1,436 2,745 1,443 573 White, 25 years and over .... Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 1,999 Black, 25 years and over .... Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) Thousands of persons Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 10.7 2,843 1,100 652 1,090 5.2 3.5 7.0 9.0 5.4 3.5 7.6 9.4 13.3 11.9 6.2 6.2 13.3 Unemployment rates Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 3,047 1,232 674 1,140 5.2 3.6 5.9 7.9 5.4 4.0 6.0 8.2 1,967 867 435 665 2,247 1,020 498 729 4.2 3.2 5.0 6.0 4.7 3.7 5.6 6.5 19.0 775 186 194 394 716 165 162 390 11.5 7.8 9.7 16.9 10.6 6.8 8.1 16.4 729 4.7 3.6 8.0 7.4 4.8 3.5 8.4 8.0 1,871 931 597 344 2,049 1,048 613 388 4.2 3.3 5.6 5.5 4.4 3.6 5.6 5.9 1,208 368 422 2,144 1,206 435 503 4.1 3.3 6.7 5.9 4.3 3.3 7.6 6.8 1,300 725 394 181 1,510 878 449 183 3.4 2.9 4.7 3.8 3.9 3.4 5.2 3.7 539 180 149 210 509 180 121 208 10.3 6.2 15.2 15.4 9.5 5.9 497 158 180 159 475 125 153 196 9.1 7.1 9.3 12.1 8.6 5.6 7.9 14.2 529 656 1,925 15.7 20.6 13.1 15.3 19 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex Thousands of persons Occupation Total Unemployment rates Men Total Women Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 7,134 5.6 5.8 6.1 6.1 5.2 5.4 602 378 224 588 326 262 2.0 2.5 1.4 1.9 2.2 1.6 1.8 2.3 1.3 1.8 2.2 1.5 2.1 2.9 1.6 1.9 2.1 1.8 Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical 1,478 102 623 752 1,642 130 759 753 4.0 2.8 4.4 4.0 4.3 3.2 5.1 3.9 3.7 2.1 3.4 5.0 3.6 3.6 3.4 4.0 4.2 3.5 5.5 3.7 4.6 2.9 6.8 3.8 Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective 1,043 35 6.3 3.7 3.9 6.8 6.8 5.8 2.9 7.5 7.2 80 928 1,120 47 60 1,013 6.6 5.6 4.0 6.8 985 169 608 208 985 166 578 241 6.8 3.6 11.4 4.8 6.8 3.6 10.3 5.7 1,785 658 373 755 205 549 1,829 741 376 712 181 531 9.2 7.5 7.4 13.6 22.2 Farming, forestry, and fishing 265 248 No previous work experience 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 696 427 142 127 687 414 134 139 Total, 16 years and over Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Precision production, craft, and repair Mechanics and repairers Construction trades Other precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Construction laborers Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 20 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 6,883 O O 3.5 7.7 2.8 8.8 6.1 3.5 6.8 6.3 6.9 3.6 11.1 5.1 6.9 3.7 10.4 5.3 5.7 3.4 25.6 3.7 6.5 3.0 9.2 6.8 9.5 8.5 7.4 9.2 6.0 7.6 9.2 7.2 7.9 9.2 9.5 5.0 14.3 22.0 12.9 19.4 10.2 11.8 12.9 19.5 11.5 10.2 10.5 2.8 12.9 12.4 11.3 9.7 12.4 8.5 8.4 8.6 8.2 7.9 9.3 6.6 0 O HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex Thousands of persons Industry Unemployment rates Total Total Men Women Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 6,883 7,134 5.6 5.8 6.1 6.1 5.2 5.4 5,332 5,649 5.8 6.1 6.3 6.4 5.3 5.7 61 901 40 838 8.7 14.6 5.6 13.1 9.3 15.3 6.2 13.5 4.5 7.9 2.4 9.4 Manufacturing Durable goods • Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies Transportation equipment Automobiles Other transportation equipment Professional and photographic equipment Other durable goods industries Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Other nondurable goods industries 1,176 640 57 35 36 59 96 105 91 85 55 29 33 43 536 168 31 107 39 72 42 44 33 1,396 783 75 34 44 52 97 127 133 153 98 55 24 44 613 185 46 125 30 95 46 54 31 5.3 4.9 7.2 5.3 5.7 6.8 6.8 3.9 4.1 3.4 4.3 2.5 4.8 7.8 5.9 8.5 4.5 8.4 5.1 3.9 3.0 5.4 8.6 6.4 6.0 9.7 5.2 7.3 5.6 7.3 4.8 6.1 5.9 8.1 4.0 3.6 7.9 6.8 9.1 6.6 11.4 3.9 5.1 3.3 6.9 8.8 4.8 4.8 8.3 4.2 5.9 6.3 6.6 3.4 4.2 3.6 4.1 2.9 1.9 8.3 4.9 8.0 4.0 4.4 3.7 3.7 2.5 3.7 8.0 5.7 6.0 10.3 4.1 7.6 5.9 7.6 4.7 4.7 6.0 7.7 4.5 3.8 8.5 5.1 6.5 3.5 11.0 4.2 4.8 2.3 6.2 4.6 6.4 5.4 1.9 7.8 4.7 9.9 7.7 5.4 4.0 3.0 5.1 .8 8.6 7.3 7.2 9.6 5.1 9.6 8.5 4.2 4.1 8.0 10.4 7.8 6.2 6.2 7.9 5.9 4.2 6.1 5.1 8.1 5.3 9.4 2.0 3.2 8.0 9.3 14.4 10.3 11.5 3.0 5.5 5.4 8.0 15.9 Transportation and public utilities Transportation Communications and other public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Service industries Professional services Other service industries 264 230 34 1,435 227 1,207 242 1,254 429 825 273 221 52 1,578 167 1,412 236 1,287 447 841 4.2 6.1 1.3 6.3 5.3 6.5 3.3 4.8 2.9 7.2 4.3 5.8 2.0 6.6 3.7 7.3 3.2 4.9 3.0 7.6 4.7 6.4 1.8 5.9 5.1 6.2 3.3 5.1 2.8 6.9 4.6 6.2 1.9 6.0 3.8 6.8 3.3 5.7 3.1 7.8 2.9 5.1 .6 6.7 6.1 6.8 3.3 4.6 3.0 7.5 3.5 4.5 2.3 7.4 3.6 7.9 3.2 4.4 2.9 7.3 203 651 696 198 600 687 12.6 2.3 12.7 2.1 11.6 2.7 12.9 2.2 15.6 1.8 11.9 2.0 Total, 16 years and over Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers fining Construction Agricultural wage and salary workers Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers No previous work experience 21 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race (Numbers in thousands) Total unemployed Reason for unemployment Women, 20 years and over Men, 20 years and over Feb. 1989 Feb. 1989 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 6,883 3,382 1,042 2,340 1,005 1,799 696 7,134 3,646 1,282 2,365 1,030 1,837 619 3,350 2,197 730 1,467 455 586 111 3,474 2,314 875 1,440 432 633 94 2,396 990 262 728 396 852 158 2,560 1,083 345 738 419 903 155 1,137 195 51 144 154 361 427 100.0 49.1 15.1 34.0 14.6 26.1 10.1 100.0 51.1 18.0 33.2 14.4 25.8 8.7 100.0 65.6 21.8 43.8 13.6 17.5 3.3 100.0 66.6 25.2 41.4 12.4 18.2 2.7 100.0 41.3 10.9 30.4 16.5 35.6 6.6 100.0 42.3 13.5 28.8 16.4 35.3 6.1 2.8 .8 1.5 .6 3.0 3.5 .7 .9 .2 3.6 .7 1.0 .1 1.9 .8 1.6 .3 2.1 .8 1.7 .3 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 White Black Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 1,100 249 62 187 179 301 370 5,012 2,562 907 1,655 766 1,233 451 5,425 2,857 1,107 1,751 818 1,345 403 1,648 735 128 607 194 501 218 1,494 697 147 551 170 432 195 100.0 17.2 4.5 12.7 13.5 31.8 37.6 100.0 22.7 5.7 17.0 16.3 27.4 33.7 100.0 51.1 18.1 33.0 15.3 24.6 9.0 100.0 52.7 20.4 32.3 15.1 24.8 7.4 100.0 44.6 7.7 36.8 11.8 30.4 13.2 100.0 46.7 9.8 36.8 11.4 28.9 13.1 2.7 2.1 5.0 5.9 3.6 2.6 4.3 5.3 2.5 .7 1.2 .4 2.7 .8 1.3 .4 5.5 1.5 3.8 1.6 5.2 1.3 3.3 1.5 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Total unemployed Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 22 1.5 .5 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment (Percent distribution) February 1990 Total unemployed Duration of unemployment Reason, sex, and age 15 weeks and over Thousands of persons Total, 16 years and over .... Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Men, 20 years and over Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Women, 20 years and over Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Percent Less than 5 weeks 0 tO 14 weeks Total 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over 7,134 100.0 43.0 35.8 21.2 11.8 9.3 3,646 1,282 2,365 1,030 1,837 619 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 36.0 42.5 32.5 49.3 49.9 53.0 39.6 41.7 38.5 31.3 31.4 33.8 24.3 15.7 29.0 19.4 18.7 13.2 14.3 11.0 16.1 10.9 9.4 6.5 10.1 4.8 12.9 8.5 9.3 6.7 3,474 100.0 34.0 39.9 26.1 14.6 11.4 2,314 875 1,440 432 633 94 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 32.5 38.8 28.7 40.5 37.4 17.9 41.7 45.6 39.3 32.0 37.1 52.5 25.8 15.7 32.0 27.5 25.5 29.6 14.8 11.1 17.0 16.5 12.5 17.9 11.0 4.6 15.0 11.0 13.1 11.7 2,560 100.0 48.2 32.5 19.4 10.7 8.7 1,083 345 738 419 903 155 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 39.6 51.3 34.2 54.7 53.2 60.4 36.3 31.9 38.3 29.4 30.2 27.3 24.1 16.8 27.5 15.9 16.6 12.3 14.7 10.7 16.6 7.9 7.9 6.3 9.3 6.1 10.8 8.1 8.6 6.0 1,100 100.0 59.4 30.6 10.0 5.7 4.3 249 62 187 179 301 370 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 52.8 35.4 11.8 7.6 4.2 O 0 0 Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants O O 54.8 57.9 66.3 58.9 33.2 34.1 23.2 31.8 12.1 7.9 10.5 9.4 6.4 4.6 7.2 3.7 5.6 3.4 3.2 5.7 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. A-16. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment Total Duration of unemployment Total, 16 years and over Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 5 to 10 weeks 11 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and over 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over 27 to 51 weeks 52 weeks and over Average (mean) duration, in weeks Median duration, in weeks Thousands of persons Full-time workers Percent distribution Thousands of persons Percent distribution Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 6,883 7,134 100.0 100.0 5,455 5,654 100.0 100.0 3,117 2,329 3,067 2,555 1,899 657 45.3 33.8 43.0 35.8 26.6 2,240 1,934 1,384 550 1,281 652 2,181 2,127 1,542 585 1,346 747 38.6 37.6 27.3 629 249 380 599 277 41.1 35.5 25.4 10.1 23.5 12.0 11.5 4.6 7.0 13.8 7.0 12.8 6.9 1,713 617 1,436 768 668 270 1,511 845 666 398 319 347 12.3 6.0 11.7 5.9 24.9 9.0 20.9 11.2 9.7 3.9 5.8 9.2 21.2 11.8 9.3 4.5 4.9 321 10.4 23.8 13.2 10.6 4.9 5.7 23 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-17. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment Thousands of persons Sex, age, race, and marital status Total Percent of unemployed in group Weeks 27 Less 5 to 14 15 to 26 weeks than and weeks weeks 5 weeks over Average (mean) duration Median duration February 1990 Unemployed less than 5 weeks Unemployed 15 weeks and over Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Total, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 7,134 1,100 1,240 2,175 1,294 741 459 124 3,067 653 622 893 449 248 161 41 2,555 337 434 815 505 271 148 47 845 63 128 276 178 117 74 10 666 47 56 192 162 106 77 27 11.7 7.1 9.0 11.3 13.6 15.5 19.0 18.7 5.9 3.8 4.5 6.4 7.3 7.8 9.3 6.4 45.3 59.2 49.7 44.5 39.3 33.3 36.5 44.2 43.0 59.4 50.2 41.0 34.7 33.4 35.1 32.8 20.9 12.4 15.2 19.5 25.3 31.6 35.1 26.4 21.2 10.0 14.8 21.5 26.3 30.1 32.7 29.5 Men, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 4,087 613 729 1,236 713 428 293 75 1,528 346 308 449 194 120 88 23 1,597 210 306 483 313 162 100 24 540 31 85 186 106 77 44 10 423 26 30 118 100 70 61 18 13.0 7.4 9.9 12.5 15.0 17.2 21.7 21.9 7.2 4.0 6.2 7.5 8.9 9.5 10.7 6.5 40.5 55.3 47.3 39.5 32.5 26.3 30.5 0 37.4 56.5 42.2 36.3 27.2 28.1 30.2 30.2 24.0 14.2 16.0 22.1 29.1 40.6 37.9 O 23.5 9.3 15.8 24.6 28.9 34.2 35.7 37.9 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 3,047 487 511 939 581 313 167 50 1,540 307 315 444 255 128 73 18 959 127 127 332 192 109 48 23 305 31 42 89 72 40 30 - 244 22 26 74 62 36 16 8 10.0 6.6 7.7 9.7 11.9 13.3 14.2 4.5 3.6 3.6 5.1 5.4 5.8 6.2 52.0 65.1 53.1 50.8 48.3 43.9 49.8 50.5 63.0 61.7 47.2 44.0 40.8 43.8 16.4 9.6 14.1 16.2 20.2 17.9 29.1 O 18.0 10.9 13.4 17.4 23.0 24.4 27.5 O 0 White, 16 years and over Men Women 5,425 3,178 2,247 2,390 1,224 1,166 1,912 1,220 692 636 410 225 487 324 163 11.5 12.8 9.6 5.7 6.9 4.3 45.3 40.7 52.5 44.1 38.5 51.9 19.9 23.2 14.8 20.7 23.1 17.3 Black, 16 years and over Men Women 1,494 778 716 600 261 339 554 318 236 182 111 71 158 88 70 12.5 14.0 10.9 6.5 8.1 4.9 45.1 40.1 50.8 40.2 33.5 47.4 23.7 26.4 20.6 22.8 25.6 19.7 Men, 16 years and over: Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 1,573 589 1,925 497 219 812 661 198 738 228 81 231 187 90 145 14.5 14.9 11.3 8.5 7.8 6.1 36.0 34.4 46.0 31.6 37.2 42.2 26.3 31.1 19.9 26.4 29.2 19.5 Women, 16 years and over: Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 1,232 674 1,140 613 324 602 416 201 341 131 71 103 72 78 94 8.9 12.5 9.7 4.5 4.9 4.3 50.0 46.4 57.5 49.8 48.1 52.8 15.6 23.5 13.0 16.5 22.1 17.3 ..... Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 24 0 0 0 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-18. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment Thousands of persons Occupation and industry Total Percent of unemployed in group Weeks 27 Less 5 to 14 15 to 26 weeks than weeks and weeks 5 weeks over Average (mean) duration Median duration February 1990 Unemployed Unemployed less than 15 weeks 5 weeks and over Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 OCCUPATION Managerial and professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Service occupations Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Farming, forestry, and fishing 227 759 557 343 686 100 209 556 337 428 692 98 84 169 124 129 259 38 69 158 102 84 192 11 13.7 10.7 11.5 12.3 12.9 10.7 6.8 5.2 4.6 7.5 7.2 6.0 38.8 50.1 46.6 42.7 40.4 40.5 38.6 46.2 49.7 34.8 37.5 40.3 24.4 18.9 21.1 24.4 21.5 22.4 26.0 19.9 20.2 21.6 24.7 20.2 613 311 1,584 1,705 142 84 281 527 296 231 89 750 799 47 76 413 501 286 216 127 539 533 58 26 109 188 109 79 56 156 231 13 13 50 181 93 88 40 140 142 24 10.4 11.0 13.9 14.1 13.6 15.4 10.6 11.2 15.3 6.0 7.6 7.3 7.0 7.6 8.7 5.0 5.1 7.5 47.5 40.6 42.5 34.9 51.7 33.4 47.1 47.2 35.7 42.4 32.9 37.7 37.8 37.7 28.6 47.3 46.9 33.1 17.8 19.2 27.6 33.9 20.0 19.8 18.4 21.6 26.5 19.7 18.6 26.4 25.8 27.1 30.5 18.6 21.9 26.1 687 377 224 39 47 9.5 4.1 56.2 54.9 14.8 12.5 588 1,642 1,120 985 1,829 248 INDUSTRY1 Agriculture Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Finance and service industries Public administration No previous work experience 1 198 854 1,397 784 Includes wage and salary workers only. 25 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-19. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used Irebruary 1990 Thousands of persons Sex, age, and race Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers Average number of methods used Public employment agency Private employment agency Employer directly Placed or answered ads or relatives 5,773 1,030 1,053 1,722 996 552 323 98 21.8 12.5 23.1 25.3 23.8 24.1 20.5 16.8 9.2 4.3 8.1 9.9 11.6 12.8 11.0 7.3 71.2 78.8 72.3 71.1 69.5 67.8 57.3 62.2 39.4 28.1 44.2 41.2 41.8 41.0 38.9 42.6 18.9 14.7 19.1 18.2 22.0 22.2 19.7 21.7 5.1 3.4 4.9 5.7 4.4 7.6 4.9 7.3 1.66 1.42 1.72 1.71 1.73 1.75 1.52 1.58 4,087 613 729 1,236 713 428 293 75 3,141 578 599 901 512 285 203 62 23.4 13.8 26.0 27.9 25.2 23.8 20.1 8.6 4.8 6.3 8.5 13.4 10.9 12.2 72.5 79.4 68.9 71.4 75.8 73.6 59.4 38.2 25.9 45.1 41.9 37.5 39.4 34.4 22.1 14.9 25.7 23.4 24.5 20.7 21.4 6.3 2.9 5.8 6.8 6.5 12.8 4.0 1.71 1.42 1.78 1.80 1.83 1.81 1.52 0 0 O 0 O 0 0 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 3,047 487 511 939 581 313 167 50 2,633 452 454 820 485 267 119 36 19.9 10.9 19.3 22.5 22.3 24.5 21.0 9.9 3.5 10.6 11.5 9.7 14.8 8.8 69.6 77.9 76.9 70.8 62.8 61.5 53.7 40.9 30.9 43.0 40.5 46.4 42.8 46.6 15.1 14.4 10.3 12.5 19.2 23.9 16.7 3.6 3.9 3.8 4.4 2.2 1.9 6.4 1.59 1.42 1.64 1.62 1.63 1.69 1.53 0 0 0 0 0 O 0 White, 16 years and over... Men Women 5,425 3,178 2,247 4,243 2,368 1,875 21.3 22.7 19.4 9.8 8.9 10.9 71.7 72.6 70.5 40.8 38.6 43.6 18.7 20.6 16.2 5.5 7.1 3.5 1.68 1.71 1.64 Black, 16 years and over ... Men Women 1,494 778 716 1,344 665 678 23.0 25.6 20.3 6.4 6.8 6.1 71.5 72.8 70.1 35.4 36.3 34.5 19.1 26.2 12.1 4.1 4.1 4.0 1.59 1.72 1.47 Total unemployed Total iobseekers Total, 16 years and over ... 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 7,134 1,100 1,240 2,175 1,294 741 459 124 Men, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 1 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within Friends Other 30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The percent using each method will always total more than 100 because many jobseekers use more than one method. A-20. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used February 1990 Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers Thousands of persons Sex and reason Total unemployed Total jobseekers Public employment agency Private employment agency Employer directly Placed or answered ads Friends or relatives Other Average number of methods used Tntal 16 vears and over loh losers1 7,134 3,646 1,030 1,837 619 5,773 2,347 1,005 1,808 614 21.8 28.3 23.8 15.3 13.2 9.2 11.3 10.2 7.1 5.4 71.2 71.1 72.5 69.0 75.7 39.4 41.2 43.9 35.3 37.5 18.9 21.6 15.8 16.7 20.3 5.1 4.5 3.9 7.4 2.4 1.66 1.78 1.70 1.51 1.55 Mpn 16 vears and over Inh losers1 Job leavers 4,087 2,480 528 781 297 3,141 1,560 514 770 296 23.4 27.7 26.4 16.0 15.2 8.6 9.5 9.2 7.2 5.8 72.5 73.2 75.2 67.0 78.2 38.2 39.7 41.9 34.6 32.7 22.1 24.9 17.2 20.6 19.6 6.3 5.5 4.1 10.5 3.9 1.71 1.81 1.74 1.56 1.55 3,047 1,166 503 1,056 322 2,633 787 491 1,038 318 19.9 29.4 21.0 14.8 11.4 9.9 14.7 11.4 7.0 4.9 69.6 67.1 69.6 70.4 73.4 40.9 44.1 45.9 35.7 42.1 15.1 15.0 14.3 13.8 21.1 3.6 2.6 3.6 5.1 1.0 1.59 1.73 1.66 1.47 1.54 NPW entrants Wnmpn 16 vears and over Job leavers 1 Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used exclude persons on layoff. NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within 26 30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The percent using each method will always total more than 100 because many jobseekers use more than one method. HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex (In thousands) Men Total Industry and age Women Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 All industries 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 115,023 6,062 2,201 3,861 12,721 81,641 33,663 29,021 18,958 11,361 6,819 4,543 3,237 116,308 5,893 2,125 3,768 12,314 83,437 33,782 30,210 19,445 11,327 6,757 4,570 3,336 62,712 3,031 1,092 1,939 6,640 44,630 18,598 15,700 10,332 6,479 3,869 2,610 1,932 63,293 3,007 1,088 1,919 6,377 45,547 18,589 16,326 10,632 6,408 3,808 2,600 1,954 52,311 3,031 1,109 1,922 6,081 37,011 15,065 13,321 8,626 4,883 2,950 1,933 1,305 53,016 2,887 1,037 1,850 5,937 37,889 15,193 13,883 8,813 4,920 2,950 1,970 1,383 Agriculture 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 2,795 152 67 85 316 1,697 760 545 391 384 199 185 246 2,693 154 71 82 237 1,714 754 584 376 347 172 175 241 2,183 118 59 59 237 1,291 586 427 278 320 162 158 217 2,143 128 58 70 184 1,352 601 462 289 263 124 139 216 612 34 8 26 78 406 175 118 113 64 37 27 29 550 26 13 13 53 362 153 122 87 84 48 36 25 112,228 5,910 2,134 3,776 12,405 79,945 32,902 28,476 18,567 10,977 6,619 4,358 2,990 113,615 5,740 2,054 3,686 12,077 81,723 33,028 29,626 19,069 10,980 6,586 4,395 3,095 60,529 2,913 1,033 1,880 6,403 43,340 18,012 15,273 10,054 6,158 3,706 2,452 1,714 61,150 2,879 1,030 1,849 6,193 44,196 17,988 15,864 10,343 6,144 3,683 2,461 1,737 51,699 2,997 1,101 1,896 6,002 36,605 14,890 13,202 8,513 4,819 2,913 1,906 1,276 52,466 2,861 1,024 1,837 5,884 37,527 15,040 13,761 8,726 4,836 2,902 1,934 1,358 Nonagricultural industries 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 27 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age (In thousands) Men Total Occupation 16 years and over Feb. 1989 Total Feb. 1990 16 years and over Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Women 20 years and over Feb. 1969 Feb. 1990 16 years and over Feb. 1989 20 years and over Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 115,023 116,308 62,712 63,293 59,681 60,286 52,311 53,016 49,279 50,129 30,612 16,412 16,504 16,348 16,421 13,694 14,108 13,592 13,951 14,745 8,712 8,858 8,822 5,880 5,887 5,835 5,841 367 658 392 368 265 199 392 199 263 10,124 6,469 6,498 6,447 6,471 3,566 3,625 3,531 3,592 1,967 1,875 3,963 1,874 1,997 2,115 1,959 2,105 1,985 15,867 7,701 7,646 7,659 7,599 7,814 7,757 8,111 8,221 1,854 1,702 1,662 1,702 1,661 152 142 142 152 782 513 501 513 500 254 269 254 267 430 302 311 128 302 311 115 113 128 848 679 675 169 677 675 130 130 166 2,315 310 351 2,005 1,947 309 351 1,950 1.996 532 820 467 273 289 526 464 274 285 1,106 4,206 1,180 2,940 3,052 1,097 1,166 2,967 3,100 559 704 599 145 140 559 599 140 143 1,944 3,910 1,955 1,966 1,819 1,915 1,932 1,841 1,922 Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Officials and administrators, public administration . Other executive, administrative, and managerial ... Management-related occupations Professional specialty Engineers Mathematical and computer scientists Natural scientists Health diagnosing occupations Health assessment and treating occupations Teachers, college and university Teachers, except college and university Lawyers and judges Other professional specialty occupations 30,106 14,592 567 10,036 3,990 15,514 1,805 755 426 805 2,301 741 4,147 738 3,796 Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Health technologists and technicians Engineering and science technicians Technicians, except health, engineering, and science. Sales occupations Supervisors and proprietors Sales representatives, finance and business services. Sales representatives, commodities, except retail Sales workers, retail and personal services Sales-related occupations Administrative support, including clerical Supervisors Computer equipment operators Secretaries, stenographers, and typists Financial records processing Mail and message distributing Other administrative support, including clerical 35,400 36,777 12,540 12,932 11,918 12,263 22,860 23,845 21,234 22,209 3,569 3,887 1,812 1,757 1,9 1,798 1,949 1,734 1,901 1,875 1,315 1,224 213 196 196 1,028 213 1,019 1,102 1,087 1,233 1,166 985 897 906 260 973 251 248 238 1,339 1,179 788 710 706 469 763 464 551 550 13,600 14,135 7,008 7,238 6,589 6,833 6,592 6,897 5,618 5,913 3,673 3,872 2,432 2,540 2,402 2,506 1,241 1,332 1,213 1,305 2,334 2,390 1,324 1,376 1,308 1,014 1,011 1,360 976 990 1,606 1,569 1,277 1,261 308 329 1.272 1,246 306 315 5,905 6,267 2,081 1,924 4,186 3,981 1,730 1,567 3,080 3,266 55 63 16 16 39 47 16 14 43 37 3,720 3,708 3,531 18,231 18,754 3,481 14,512 15,047 13,882 14,421 716 273 324 757 443 433 272 324 428 443 818 264 286 868 554 582 256 276 561 535 65 69 4,790 4,863 4,798 4,548 4,625 4,721 64 59 219 203 2,220 2,494 2,275 1,979 2,017 217 194 2,228 988 647 664 1,011 341 347 622 646 327 325 2,240 2.032 2,050 6,411 6,635 6,038 6,265 8,585 8,875 2,175 Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective. Food service Health service Cleaning and building service Personal service 15,537 15,279 770 910 1,992 1,950 12,678 12,517 5,289 5,147 1,983 2,100 3,076 2,891 2,312 2,398 5,351 19 1,689 3,643 1,484 179 1,577 403 9,401 874 274 8,254 3,199 1,882 1.204 1,968 9,101 748 270 8,083 3,071 1,792 1,358 1,862 8,361 734 261 7,367 2,593 1,771 1,148 1,855 8,248 659 246 7,342 2,572 1,734 1,298 1,739 Precision production, craft, and repair Mechanics and repairers Construction trades Other precision production, craft, and repair. 13,466 13,431 12,258 12,272 11,957 11,993 4,422 4,231 4,596 4,408 4,319 4,148 4,901 5,005 4,614 4,705 4,771 4,467 4,165 4,018 3,222 3,140 3,073 3,171 1,209 175 92 943 1,159 177 105 878 1,183 173 88 922 1,125 173 105 847 Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Manufacturing industries Durable goods Nondurable goods Nonmanufacturing industries Transportation and material moving occupations Motor vehicle operators Other transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Construction laborers Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers . 17,655 17,506 12,995 13,130 11,988 12,119 7,978 4,827 4,901 8,169 4,633 4,712 3,824 3,872 6,775 6,599 3,965 4,011 3,649 2,573 2,554 2,485 3,710 2,482 1,339 1,457 1,391 3,065 2,950 1,390 1,379 889 1,394 840 863 809 4,712 4,683 4,092 4,225 4,238 4,114 3,481 3,498 2,929 3,082 3,047 2,986 1,231 1,129 1,191 1,185 1,163 1,144 4,816 3,241 4,803 3,315 3,943 3.991 746 717 719 669 701 629 4,070 3,242 3,275 2,612 2,646 4,084 4,660 3,341 2,810 1,136 1,674 531 458 417 41 861 18 842 4,376 3,077 2,588 1,094 1,494 490 474 434 40 825 29 796 4,451 3,256 2,743 1,109 1,633 514 438 398 40 756 17 738 4,194 3,003 2,535 1,080 1.455 469 466 428 39 724 28 487 179 308 426 168 259 459 176 282 401 166 236 Farming, forestry, and fishing Farm operators and managers Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations . 28 2,858 1,239 1,619 2,703 1,181 1,522 6,136 36 1,675 4,424 2,089 218 1,687 430 2,371 1,059 1,312 6,178 21 1,723 4,433 2,076 191 1,718 449 2,278 1,014 1,264 5,229 28 1,642 3,559 1,440 204 1,548 367 2,241 1,046 1,195 2.139 1.006 1.133 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex (Percent distribution) Total Occupation and race Men Women Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 115,023 100.0 116,308 100.0 62,712 100.0 63,293 100.0 52,311 100.0 53,016 100.0 26.2 26.3 12.7 13.6 26.2 13.9 12.3 20.0 26.1 26.2 14.0 12.1 20.4 3.1 11.4 11.2 26.6 11.1 14.9 43.7 3.4 15.5 45.0 3.6 12.6 27.7 18.0 13.0 28.4 1.7 .5 1.4 .5 15.2 2.2 8.3 5.8 TOTAL Total, 16 years and over (thousands) Percent Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Farming, forestry, and fishing 12.7 13.5 30.8 3.1 11.8 15.9 13.5 .8 1.7 11.0 11.7 31.6 3.3 2.9 12.2 11.2 16.1 5.9 9.8 .1 2.7 13.1 .7 1.7 10.8 7.1 7.1 4.1 4.2 2.5 4.1 4.1 2.3 19.5 20.7 7.7 6.7 6.3 3.8 99,747 100.0 100,689 100.0 27.2 13.3 15.3 11.5 15.1 6.9 5.9 9.8 2.7 7.0 19.4 20.7 7.7 6.7 15.8 2.3 8.9 6.4 .9 17.2 .9 6.3 3.6 1.6 .9 1.6 .8 55,070 100.0 55,510 100.0 44,677 100.0 45,179 100.0 27.4 13.4 14.1 32.0 3.3 12.7 16.0 27.3 14.6 27.1 14.8 12.3 27.1 11.7 15.4 44.7 3.3 13.3 28.1 27.8 11.6 12.0 .6 1.6 3.9 3.9 2.7 14.3 6.6 3.9 3.8 2.4 8.9 .1 2.5 6.3 20.0 19.6 7.4 6.4 5.8 4.0 11,655 100.0 11,798 100.0 15.6 7.0 8.6 15.9 7.0 8.9 28.9 3.0 7.6 White Total, 16 years and over (thousands) Percent Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective ..... Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers ... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Farming, forestry, and fishing 13.9 31.2 3.1 12.5 15.6 12.4 .7 1.6 10.1 12.1 14.5 6.7 9.8 11.9 12.7 20.2 2.9 11.8 5.5 20.9 3.1 12.1 5.7 8.8 2.6 6.1 19.9 16.7 1.5 .5 16.2 45.6 3.5 13.5 28.6 15.9 1.2 .4 14.3 19.6 7.6 6.4 5.7 3.7 14.8 2.3 8.2 5.7 .9 1.6 1.0 5,713 100.0 5,738 100.0 5,942 100.0 6,060 100.0 13.3 6.8 6.5 13.4 6.4 7.0 15.9 2.3 5.9 7.7 17.9 7.2 18.3 7.6 10.6 41.2 3.8 9.2 28.2 25.9 3.0 1.1 21.8 2.9 11.7 8.2 1.1 2.3 .1 2.1 7.7 5.4 .9 1.4 .9 Black Total, 16 years and over (thousands) Percent Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations ....... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Farming, forestry, and fishing 27.6 2.6 6.8 18.2 22.5 1.8 2.6 18.2 22.0 1.5 2.7 18.1 9.4 23.4 10.5 6.1 6.9 1.4 17.8 9.5 22.2 9.1 5.8 7.2 1.6 16.6 1.7 5.3 9.6 17.1 .1 4.3 12.7 16.5 33.8 10.8 11.2 11.8 2.7 17.9 4.3 13.6 16.6 33.2 10.0 10.8 12.4 3.1 10.7 38.3 3.5 8.3 26.5 27.6 3.4 .9 23.4 2.5 13.5 10.1 1.1 2.2 .3 29 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker (In thousands) February 1990 Nonagricultural industries Agriculture Wage and salary workers Age and sex Total Private household Government workers Other Selfemployed workers Unpaid family workers Wage and salary workers Selfemployed workers Unpaid family workers Total, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 104,930 5,677 2,029 3,648 11,764 31,010 27,164 17,184 9,642 5,793 3,849 2,488 956 103 61 42 80 154 164 151 195 99 96 109 17,906 331 68 262 1,038 4,401 5,718 3,872 2,099 1,284 815 446 86,068 5,243 1,900 3,344 10,647 26,455 21,282 13,161 7,348 4,410 2,938 1,933 8,404 55 23 32 278 1,969 2,389 1,818 1,299 770 529 596 282 8 2 6 34 49 73 67 39 22 17 12 1,363 124 54 70 196 479 283 147 90 47 43 44 1,253 9 8 1 30 269 292 214 245 122 123 194 77 20 10 11 11 6 9 15 12 3 9 4 Men, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 55,702 2,838 1,019 1,819 6,020 16,730 14,324 9,198 5,262 3,186 2,077 1,329 100 10 5 5 6 17 21 10 21 7 14 16 8,177 136 35 101 419 2,014 2,578 1,808 1,012 614 398 210 47,425 2,693 979 1,714 5,596 14,700 11,725 7,380 4,229 2,565 1,664 1,103 5,393 34 10 24 150 1,244 1,538 1,145 877 495 382 405 55 7 1 5 23 14 3 5 2 2 3 1,067 102 43 59 156 381 217 118 58 29 30 36 1,046 9 7 2 22 217 244 171 202 96 106 180 30 16 8 8 6 3 2 _ 3 _ 3 1 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 49,228 2,839 1,010 1,829 5,744 14,280 12,840 7,987 4,380 2,608 1,773 1,158 855 94 56 38 74 137 144 141 174 92 82 92 9,729 195 33 162 619 2,387 3,140 2,065 1,087 670 417 236 38,644 2,550 920 1,630 5,051 11,756 9,557 5,781 3,119 1,845 1,274 830 3,011 21 13 8 129 725 851 673 422 275 147 191 227 1 1 11 35 70 66 35 20 15 8 296 22 11 11 41 98 66 29 32 19 13 8 207 _ 8 52 48 43 43 26 17 14 47 4 2 2 4 4 7 15 9 3 7 3 30 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation (In thousands) February 1990 Technical, sales, and administrative support Managerial and professional specialty Industry Agriculture Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Private households Other service industries . Professional services... Public administration Operators, fabricators, and laborers Service occupations Total Executive, TechniAdminisemadminiscians Profestrative Private ployed Other trative, and sional Sales support, houseand service1 specialty related including hold manasupport clerical gerial Precision Machine Farming, producoperHandlers, forestry, tion, Transporators, equipment and tation craft, assemcleaners, fishing and and blers, helpers, repair material and and moving inspeclaborers tors 17 2 53 727 307 420 102 79 453 2,284 1,296 987 13 14 56 329 187 142 49 234 4,245 3,949 2,708 1,241 19 129 6,599 3,649 2,950 35 117 483 771 398 373 19 27 840 1,146 544 603 2,249 2 11 71 67 3 444 496 92 404 345 289 133 10,196 58 1,898 75 8,298 2,178 2,461 809 1,651 245 4,253 35 4,217 1,245 1,479 259 1,220 103 329 154 175 1,743 971 443 528 472 1,839 369 1,471 5 21 4 17 232 11,866 9 11,858 10,677 744 156 1,891 2,137 879 5 2,132 878 1,720 166 26 242 3,077 6,682 6 6,676 4,845 1,438 261 7,952 93 7,858 4,486 1,387 124 1,876 5 1,871 434 231 22 714 1 713 213 56 24 508 12 496 289 60 32 406 19 387 98 34 39 258 38 220 62 48 2,693 710 7,438 21,103 12,544 8,558 89 113 974 2,622 1,591 1,031 85 60 132 1,807 1,250 557 8,018 24,199 4,675 19,524 950 2,021 552 1,469 7,966 38,659 958 37,701 25,551 5,521 2,110 4,611 1 4,610 2,562 1,256 29 44 61 798 548 250 770 770 Includes protective service, not shown separately. A-26. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status (In thousands) All industries Nonagricultural industries Wage and salary workers1 Total Reason not working and sex Feb. 1989 Feb. Paid absences 1989 Feb. 1990 1QQO Unpaid absences Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Feb. 1989 Feb. 1990 Total, 16 years and over.... Vacation Illness Bad weather Industrial dispute All other reasons 4,882 1,568 1,669 383 15 1,246 4,644 1,683 1,500 217 20 1,223 4,683 1,538 1,635 309 15 1,186 4,500 1,650 1,467 193 19 1,172 1,936 985 692 (2) (2) 258 1,978 1,110 579 (2) (2) 289 2,025 370 777 1,918 363 747 (2) 879 808 Men, 16 years and over Vacation Illness All other reasons3 2,592 847 859 885 2,410 882 814 713 2,426 824 832 769 2,294 853 786 655 987 550 339 98 1,062 609 335 117 988 174 388 427 859 155 360 344 Women, 16 years and over Vacation Illness All other reasons3 2,291 721 810 759 2,234 801 687 746 2,257 714 803 740 2,206 796 682 728 949 436 353 160 915 501 243 172 1,037 196 389 452 1,058 207 387 465 1 Excludes private household workers. Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons. 2 3 Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately. NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased because of high response variance; data should be used with caution. 31 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-27. Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry February 1990 Thousands of persons Hours of work All industries Agriculture Percent distribution Nonagricultural industries All industries Agriculture Nonagricultural industries 111,665 2,550 109,115 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 to 34 hours 1 to 4 hours 5 to 14 hours 15 to 29 hours 30 to 34 hours 27,917 790 4,857 13,724 8,546 816 54 194 370 199 27,101 736 4,663 13,354 8,348 25.0 .7 4.3 12.3 7.7 32.0 2.1 7.6 14.5 7.8 24.8 .7 4.3 12.2 7.7 35 hours and over 35 to 39 hours 40 hours 41 hours and over 41 to 48 hours 49 to 59 hours 60 hours and over 83,748 6,987 43,971 32,790 11,698 12,361 8,731 1,733 139 589 1,006 172 345 489 82,015 6,848 43,383 31,784 11,526 12,016 8,242 75.0 6.3 39.4 29.4 10.5 11.1 7.8 67.9 5.4 23.1 39.4 6.7 13.5 19.2 75.2 6.3 39.8 29.1 10.6 11.0 7.6 39.0 43.5 41.0 47.6 39.0 43.4 Total, 16 years and over Average hours, total at work Average hours, workers on full-time schedules A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry, and usual status (Numbers in thousands) February 1990 All industries Nonagricultural industries Reason for working less than 35 hours Usually work full time Usually work part time 27,917 8,764 19,153 4,897 2,551 47 198 64 2,036 1,940 1,631 47 198 64 2,957 920 23,019 13,439 1,351 1,758 1,152 7 1,086 1,786 2,442 6,823 1,612 22.4 21.3 1,679 6,868 Total Total, 16 years and over Economic reasons Slack work Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment New job started during week Job terminated during week Could find only part-time work Other reasons Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work Vacation Illness Bad weather Industrial dispute Legal or religious holiday Full time for this job All other reasons Average hours: Economic reasons Other reasons Worked 30 to 34 hours: Economic reasons Other reasons 32 Total Usually work full time Usually work part time 27,101 8,420 18,681 4,712 2,404 47 187 64 2,010 1,835 1,537 47 187 64 2,877 867 6,584 1,786 830 22,388 13,159 1,332 1,726 1,050 7 1,083 1,751 2,281 1,523 1,751 758 24.4 26.5 21.2 19.2 22.5 21.4 24.6 26.7 21.2 19.2 915 3,841 764 3,027 1,633 6,715 882 3,760 751 2,955 2,036 1,351 1,616 1,152 7 1,086 16,196 13,439 142 2,010 1,332 1,589 1,050 7 1,083 15,804 13,159 137 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status (Numbers in thousands) February 1990 Industry Total, 16 years and over Wage and salary workers Mining Total at work On part time for economic reasons On full-time schedules On voluntary part time Total 40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours or less hours or more Average hours, total at work Average hours, workers on full-time schedules 109,115 4,712 15,804 88,599 56,815 11,526 20,258 39.0 43.4 101,001 4,102 14,321 82,577 54,000 10,947 17,630 38.9 43.1 654 22 626 316 113 198 45.6 46.7 5,750 398 260 5,092 3,612 551 929 39.1 41.5 Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods 19,983 11,912 8,071 525 190 335 673 292 381 18,785 11,430 7,355 12,105 7,377 4,727 3,028 1,826 1,202 3,652 2,226 1,427 41.9 42.2 41.4 43.1 43.1 43.2 Transportation and public utilities ... Wholesale and retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate 7,321 21,503 7,048 206 1,337 129 440 5,239 640 6,675 14,926 6,279 4,225 8,823 4,277 941 2,294 723 1,509 3,809 1,278 41.8 36.8 40.3 43.8 44.0 42.5 Service industries Private households All other industries Public administration 33,417 925 32,493 5,325 1,426 129 1,297 60 6,843 400 6,442 220 25,149 396 24,753 5,046 16,919 257 16,662 3,724 2,833 31 2,801 465 5,397 107 5,290 857 37.1 28.1 37.3 40.9 42.9 46.0 42.8 42.1 Self-employed workers Unpaid family workers 7,833 282 599 11 1,344 139 5,889 132 2,741 74 565 13 2,584 45 40.3 33.2 47.5 45.8 Construction 33 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-30. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status (Numbers in thousands) February 1990 Total at work Sex, age, race, and marital status On part time for economic reasons On full-time schedules On voluntary part time Total 40 hours or less 41 hours or more Average hours, total at work Average hours, workers on full-time schedules TOTAL Total, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over 109,115 5,601 1,986 3,615 103,515 11,756 91,759 60,361 28,537 2,861 4,712 417 68 349 4,295 787 3,508 2,357 1,038 113 15,804 3,567 1,751 1,817 12,237 2,360 9,877 5,413 3,078 1,387 88,599 1,616 167 1,449 86,983 8,608 78,374 52,591 24,421 1,362 56,815 1,287 139 1,148 55,528 6,080 49,448 32,679 15,803 966 31,784 329 28 302 31,454 2,528 28,926 19,912 8,618 396 39.0 23.5 17.1 27.0 39.8 36.3 40.3 40.8 40.3 29.2 43.4 39.9 37.1 40.2 43.5 42.1 43.6 43.7 43.6 42.1 Men, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over 58,855 2,812 1,000 1,812 56,043 6,047 49,996 32,748 15,658 1,589 2,171 210 31 179 1,962 386 1,576 1,051 470 53 4,852 1,704 871 833 3,148 1,037 2,112 805 611 695 51,832 899 98 800 50,933 4,625 46,308 30,892 14,577 841 29,673 692 89 603 28,982 3,056 25,926 16,819 8,548 561 22,158 207 9 197 21,951 1,569 20,383 14,073 6,029 280 41.8 24.5 17.7 28.3 42.7 37.7 43.3 44.0 43.3 31.0 44.8 40.1 35.3 40.7 44.9 42.9 45.1 45.3 44.9 42.8 Women, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over 50,260 2,788 986 1,802 47,472 5,708 41,763 27,613 12,878 1,272 2,541 207 37 170 2,334 402 1,932 1,305 568 60 10,952 1,863 880 983 9,088 1,323 7,765 4,607 2,466 691 36,767 718 69 649 36,050 3,984 32,066 21,701 9,844 521 27,142 595 51 544 26,547 3,024 23,522 15,862 7,255 406 9,626 123 18 105 9,503 959 8,544 5,839 2,589 115 35.6 22.5 16.5 25.7 36.4 34.7 36.6 37.1 36.7 26.9 41.4 39.6 White, 16 years and over Men Women 94,280 51,506 42,774 3,835 1,773 2,061 14,127 4,266 9,861 76,319 45,467 30,852 47,453 25,144 22,309 28,866 20,323 8,543 39.1 42.1 35.5 43.6 45.1 41.4 Black, 16 years and over Men Women 11,192 5,405 5,787 747 334 413 1,162 395 767 9,283 4,676 4,607 7,240 3,435 3,805 2,043 1,241 802 38.2 39.7 36.8 41.8 42.7 40.8 Men, 16 years and over: Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated . Single (never married) 37,785 5,959 15,111 952 346 873 1,441 267 3,144 35,392 5,346 11,093 19,218 3,144 7,311 16,174 2,202 3,782 43.8 42.1 36.9 45.4 44.6 43.3 Women, 16 years and over: Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated . Single (never married) 27,823 10,106 12,331 1,207 613 720 6,317 1,265 3,370 20,299 8,228 8,241 15,259 5,868 6,014 5,039 2,360 2,227 35.5 38.1 34.0 41.0 41.9 41.7 O 39.6 41.4 41.0 41.4 41.4 41.6 41.1 RACE MARITAL STATUS 1 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 34 HOUSEHOLD DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status (Numbers in thousands) February 1990 On full-time schedules Occupation and sex Total, 18 years and over1 Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Men, 16 years and over1 Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Women, 16 years and over1 Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations. Total at work On part time for economic reasons On voluntary part time Total 40 hours or less Average hours, Average workers hours, on full49 41 to 48 total time hours hours at work schedor more ules 109,119 4,698 15,820 88,601 56,744 11,535 20,322 39.0 43.4 29,430 14,202 15,228 35,482 3,751 13,563 18,169 14,665 740 1,905 12,020 12,786 16,756 7,671 4,465 4,619 501 174 327 1,247 60 666 521 1,243 97 36 1,110 664 1,043 391 227 425 2,875 742 2,133 6,596 471 2,824 3,301 4,245 341 167 3,736 440 1,664 340 419 904 26,054 13,286 12,768 27,639 3,220 10,072 14,346 9,177 301 1,701 7,174 11,682 14,049 6,940 3,819 3,290 14,122 6,572 7,550 18,830 2,219 5,206 11,405 6,612 202 969 5,441 7.621 9,560 4,985 2,081 2,493 3,288 1,670 1,617 3,516 457 1,453 1,605 1,035 26 280 729 1,685 2,012 1,051 557 404 8,644 5,043 3,601 5,294 544 3,413 1,336 1,530 73 453 1,004 2,377 2,477 904 1,181 392 42.3 44.7 40.1 37.6 39.3 39.0 36.1 33.8 26.9 42.6 32.9 41.1 39.1 40.0 41.8 35.0 45.3 46.3 44.2 42.5 42.3 45.6 40.4 42.5 44.6 45.7 41.7 43.0 42.6 41.8 45.4 41.2 58,732 2,153 4,826 51,753 29,558 7,136 15,059 41.9 44.9 15,961 8,538 7,423 12,504 1,916 6,990 3,598 5,980 22 1,652 4,306 11,683 12,604 4,746 4,019 3,839 227 98 129 286 29 170 87 363 6 30 328 583 694 184 185 326 823 258 564 1,288 125 718 445 1,216 5 114 1,097 331 1,168 162 256 750 14,911 8,182 6,729 10,930 1,762 6,102 3,066 4,401 11 1,509 2,881 10,769 10,742 4,400 3,578 2,763 6,942 3,476 3,467 5,752 1,109 2,541 2,102 2,968 8 827 2,133 6,935 6,961 2,982 1,905 2,073 1,823 988 835 1,630 241 924 465 543 258 285 1,556 1,585 710 535 339 6,145 3,718 2,427 3,549 412 2,637 499 890 3 424 463 2,279 2,196 708 1,138 351 45.3 46.7 43.6 42.3 41.8 44.2 38.8 37.2 (2) 43.7 34.8 41.4 39.9 41.1 42.9 35.2 47.1 47.9 46.2 45.5 43.8 47.7 42.3 43.7 (2) 46.1 42.4 43.1 43.2 42.5 45.6 41.3 50,387 2,545 10,993 36,848 27,187 4,399 5,263 35.6 41.4 13,470 5,664 7,806 22,978 1,835 6,572 14,570 8,684 718 252 7,714 1,103 4,152 2,925 446 780 274 76 198 961 31 495 434 880 92 7 782 81 349 207 42 100 2,053 484 1,568 5,308 346 2,106 2,856 3,029 337 53 2,639 109 496 178 163 154 11,143 5,104 6,039 16,709 1,458 3,971 11,280 4,776 290 192 4,293 913 3,307 2,540 240 527 7,179 3,097 4,083 13,078 1,110 2,665 9,304 3,644 194 142 3,308 686 2,599 2,003 176 420 1,465 683 782 1,886 216 530 1,140 492 26 21 445 129 427 341 21 65 2,499 1,325 1,174 1,745 132 776 836 640 70 29 541 98 281 196 43 42 38.8 41.6 36.7 35.0 36.7 33.5 35.5 31.5 26.8 35.9 31.8 38.2 36.9 38.3 32.4 34.2 42.8 43.8 41.9 40.5 40.5 42.3 39.9 41.4 44.5 42.3 41.2 41.6 40.7 40.5 42.5 40.5 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 35 HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-32. Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) 1989 1990 Employment status and sex Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. 187,461 124,801 66.6 118,441 63.2 1,684 116,757 3,196 113,561 6,360 5.1 62,660 187,581 124,929 66.6 118,731 63.3 1,684 117,047 3,185 113,862 6,198 5.0 62,652 187,708 125,299 66.8 118,768 63.3 1,684 117,084 3,144 113,940 6,531 5.2 62,409 187,854 125,224 66.7 118,805 63.2 1,673 117,132 3,137 113,995 6,419 5.1 62,630 187,995 125,777 66.9 119,208 63.4 1,666 117,542 3,138 114,404 6,569 5.2 62,218 188,149 125,679 66.8 119,102 63.3 1,666 117,436 3,217 114,219 6,577 5.2 62,470 188,286 125,758 66.8 119,238 63.3 1,688 117,550 3,275 114,275 6,520 5.2 62,528 188,428 125,725 66.7 119,121 63.2 1,702 117,419 3,219 114,200 6,604 5.3 62,703 188,580 125,857 66.7 119,294 63.3 1,709 117,585 3,197 114,388 6,563 5.2 62,723 188,721 126,192 66.9 119,540 63.3 1,704 117,836 3,160 114,676 6,652 5.3 62,529 188,865 126,246 66.8 119,588 63.3 1,700 117,888 3,197 114,691 6,658 5.3 62,619 188,990 126,094 66.7 119,560 63.3 1,697 117,863 3,134 114,728 6,535 5.2 62,896 189,090 126,308 66.8 119,713 63.3 1,678 118,035 3,079 114,957 6,594 5.2 62,782 90,032 90,094 90,167 90,237 90,315 90,384 90,456 90,535 90,606 90,678 69,100 69,293 69,142 69,542 69,366 69,404 69,360 69,599 69,635 69,725 76.8 77.1 76.8 76.7 76.9 76.9 76.9 76.7 76.8 76.9 65,814 65,727 65,713 66,078 65,939 65,919 65,681 66,046 66,011 66,143 73.0 73.2 72.9 72.9 73.0 72.9 73.0 72.6 73.1 72.9 1,521 1,521 1,511 1,501 1,499 1,519 1,531 1,533 1,529 1,525 64,293 64,206 64,202 64,577 64,440 64,400 64,150 64,513 64,482 64,618 3,286 3,566 3,429 3,464 3,427 3,485 3,679 3,553 3,624 3,582 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.1 5.3 4.8 5.1 20,932 20,801 21,025 20,695 20,949 20,980 21,096 20,936 20,971 20,953 90,772 69,539 76.6 65,943 72.6 1,523 64,420 3,597 5.2 90,822 69,639 76.7 TOTAL Noninstitutional population1 Labor force1 Percent of population2 Total employed1 Employment-population ratio" Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate4 Not in labor force Men Noninstitutional population1 Labor force1 Percent of population2 Total employed1 Employment-population ratio: Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed Unemployed Unemployment rate4 Not in labor force 89,973 69,033 76.7 65,529 72.8 1,521 64,008 3,504 5.1 20,940 66,108 72.8 1,506 64,602 3,530 5.1 21,233 21,183 Women Noninstitutional population1 Labor force1 Percent of population2 Total employed1 Employment-population ratio: Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed Unemployed Unemployment rate4 Not in labor force 97,488 97,550 97,614 97,687 55,768 55,829 56,006 56,082 57.4 57.4 57.2 57.2 52,912 52,917 53,041 53,092 54.3 54.3 54.2 54.3 163 162 163 163 52,749 52,754 52,878 52,930 2,965 2,990 2,856 2,912 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.1 41,720 41,721 41,608 41,605 1 Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. 2 Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population. 3 Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population. 4 Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident 36 97,758 56,235 57.5 53,130 54.3 165 52,965 3,105 5.5 97,834 97,902 97,972 56,313 56,354 56,365 57.5 57.6 57.6 53,163 53,319 53,440 54.5 54.3 54.5 169 167 171 52,996 53,150 53,269 3,150 3,035 2,925 5.4 5.6 5.2 98,045 98,115 98,187 56,258 56,557 56,521 57.6 57.4 57.6 53,248 53,529 53,445 54.6 54.3 54.4 175 176 175 53,072 53,354 53,270 3,010 3,028 3,076 5.4 5.4 5.4 41,523 41,521 41,548 41,607 41,787 41,558 41,666 98,218 98,268 56,555 56,669 57.6 57.7 53,617 53,605 54.6 54.5 174 172 53,443 53,433 2,938 3,064 5.2 5.4 41,663 41,599 Armed Forces). NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-33. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Employment status, sex, and age 1989 Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July 1990 Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population1 Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio2 Unemployed Unemployment rate 185,777 185,897 186,024 186,181 186,329 186,483 186,598 186,726 186,871 187,017 187,165 187,293 187,412 123,117 123,245 123,615 123,551 124,111 124,013 124,070 124,023 124,148 124,488 124,546 124,397 124,630 66.5 66.4 66.3 66.5 66.5 66.6 66.3 66.4 66.6 66.4 66.5 66.5 66.4 116,757 117,047 117,084 117,132 117,542 117,436 117,550 117,419 117,585 117,836 117,888 117,863 118,035 62.9 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.1 62.9 62.8 63.0 62.9 63.0 62.9 63.0 62.9 6,531 6,569 6,577 6,520 6,604 6,563 6,652 6,658 6,535 6,594 6,419 6,360 6,198 5.3 5.3 5.0 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population1 Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio2 Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force 81,256 63,393 78.0 60,566 74.5 2,312 58,254 2,827 4.5 17,863 81,333 63,468 78.0 60,783 74.7 2,309 58,474 2,685 4.2 17,865 81,413 63,638 78.2 60,716 74.6 2,270 58,446 2,922 4.6 17,775 81,524 63,535 77.9 60,774 74.5 2,295 58,479 2,761 4.3 17,989 81,592 63,874 78.3 61,072 74.9 2,279 58,793 2,802 4.4 17,718 81,679 63,736 78.0 60,915 74.6 2,329 58,586 2,821 4.4 17,943 81,754 63,717 77.9 60,861 74.4 2,340 58,521 2,856 4.5 18,037 81,790 63,771 78.0 60,729 74.2 2,330 58,399 3,042 4.8 18,019 81,905 63,918 78.0 61,026 74.5 2,304 58,722 2,892 4.5 17,987 81,968 63,967 78.0 61,033 74.5 2,292 58,741 2,934 4.6 18,001 82,055 64,071 78.1 61,154 74.5 2,293 58,861 2,917 4.6 17,984 82,168 63,958 77.8 60,976 74.2 2,269 58,706 2,983 4.7 18,210 82,248 64,101 77.9 61,172 74.4 2,254 58,918 2,929 4.6 18,147 90,153 51,816 57.5 49,455 54.9 646 48,809 2,361 4.6 38,337 90,242 51,876 57.5 49,467 54.8 647 48,820 2,409 4.6 38,366 90,318 52,009 57.6 49,560 54.9 638 48,922 2,449 4.7 38,309 90,432 52,120 57.6 49,649 54.9 633 49,016 2,471 4.7 38,312 90,526 52,219 57.7 49,687 54.9 622 49,065 2,532 4.8 38,307 90,607 52,385 57.8 49,817 55.0 639 49,178 2,568 4.9 38,222 90,684 52,352 57.7 49,875 55.0 642 49,233 2,477 4.7 38,332 90,771 52,358 57.7 49,984 55.1 660 49,324 2,374 4.5 38,413 90,860 52,281 57.5 49,796 54.8 641 49,155 2,485 4.8 38,579 90,952 52,541 57.8 50,043 55.0 624 49,419 2,498 4.8 38,411 91,042 52,586 57.8 50,048 55.0 618 49,430 2,538 4.8 38,456 91,091 52,686 57.8 50,255 55.2 594 49,661 2,431 4.6 38,405 91,157 52,814 57.9 50,287 55.2 582 49,704 2,527 4.8 38,343 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population1 Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio2 Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population1 Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio2 Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force 14,367 14,323 14,293 14,224 14,211 14,196 14,160 14,166 14,107 14,097 14,067 14,034 14,008 7,908 7,901 7,892 8,001 7,968 7,896 8,018 7,894 7,949 7,980 7,889 7,752 7,715 56.4 55.7 55.6 55.5 55.2 55.0 55.7 56.5 56.3 56.6 56.1 55.2 55.1 6,736 6,797 6,808 6,709 6,783 6,704 6,814 6,706 6,763 6,760 6,686 6,631 6,577 47.7 47.2 47.6 46.9 47.5 47.2 48.1 47.3 47.9 48.0 47.5 47.3 47.0 209 236 237 229 238 249 229 293 252 244 286 270 243 6,498 6,568 6,572 6,500 6,546 6,455 6,521 6,477 6,511 6,516 6,400 6,361 6,334 1,235 1,187 1,188 1,160 1,104 1,172 1,187 1,188 1,220 1,186 1,203 1,121 1,138 15.4 15.0 14.6 15.1 14.0 14.8 14.8 15.0 14.9 15.3 15.2 14.5 14.8 6,459 6,422 6,325 6,328 6,193 6,304 6,159 6,272 6,158 6,117 6,178 6,282 6,293 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population. 37 HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Employment status, race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin 1989 Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July 1990 Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population1 . Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio2.. Unemployed Unemployment rate 158,947 159,020 159,098 159,200 159,297 159,400 159,470 159,549 159,644 159,736 159,832 159,938 160,007 105,760 105,926 106,208 106,152 106,474 106,384 106,485 106,393 106,618 106,834 106,896 106,884 107,080 66.7 66.8 66.7 66.8 66.7 66.8 66.6 66.9 66.8 66.8 66.5 66.9 66.9 101,187 101,413 101,400 101,432 101,683 101,546 101,684 101,579 101,862 101,991 102,032 102,074 102,117 63.7 63.8 63.7 63.8 63.7 63.7 63.8 63.8 63.8 63.8 63.7 63.8 63.8 4,573 4,513 4,808 4,720 4,791 4,838 4,801 4,814 4,756 4,843 4,864 4,811 4,962 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.3 4.6 4.6 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 . Unemployed Unemployment rate 55,217 55,308 55,374 55,280 55,544 55,463 55,443 55,465 55,626 55,676 55,747 55,771 55,815 78.5 78.3 78.7 78.5 78.3 78.5 78.5 78.5 78.4 78.4 78.5 78.4 78.4 53,105 53,300 53,199 53,222 53,437 53,331 53,307 53,153 53,483 53,482 53,580 53,560 53,547 75.4 75.7 75.1 75.5 75.5 75.4 75.7 75.4 75.4 75.4 75.3 75.5 75.2 2,112 2,008 2,175 2,058 2,107 2,132 2,136 2,312 2,143 2,194 2,167 2,211 2,268 3.8 3.8 4.2 3.9 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.1 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 . Unemployed Unemployment rate 43,762 43,797 43,984 44,057 44,076 44,230 44,184 44,198 44,207 44,360 44,469 44,475 44,615 57.1 57.2 57.3 57.2 57.3 57.2 57.2 57.1 57.4 56.9 57.4 57.5 56.9 42,137 42,102 42,199 42,268 42,279 42,377 42,391 42,520 42,437 42,586 42,641 42,718 42,782 54.9 54.8 54.9 55.0 54.9 54.8 54.8 55.0 54.7 55.1 55.0 55.2 54.8 1,695 1,785 1,789 1,797 1,853 1,793 1,678 1,770 1,774 1,828 1,757 1,833 1,625 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.1 3.9 4.0 4.1 3.7 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio2 Unemployed Unemployment rate Men Women 6,781 58.2 5,945 51.0 836 12.3 13.9 10.7 6,821 58.7 6,011 51.7 810 11.9 13.0 10.7 6,850 59.1 6,002 51.7 848 12.4 13.2 11.5 6,815 58.9 5,942 51.3 873 12.8 14.1 11.4 6,854 59.3 5,967 51.6 887 12.9 13.5 12.3 6,691 58.0 5,838 50.6 853 12.7 12.8 12.6 6,858 59.6 5,986 52.0 872 12.7 13.1 12.3 6,730 58.7 5,906 51.5 824 12.2 13.3 11.1 6,785 59.4 5,942 52.0 843 12.4 13.8 10.9 6,798 59.7 5,923 52.0 875 12.9 14.3 11.3 6,680 58.9 5,811 51.2 869 13.0 14.0 11.9 6,639 58.7 5,796 51.3 843 12.7 12.9 12.4 6,650 59.0 5.788 51.4 862 13.0 12.7 13.2 BLACK Civilian noninstitutional population1 Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 . Unemployed Unemployment rate 20,905 20,930 20,956 20,986 21,012 21,038 21,060 21,085 21,108 21,136 21,164 21,163 21,188 13,443 13,429 13,336 13,454 13,569 13,548 13,476 13,518 13,507 13,576 13,522 13,510 13,437 64.0 64.0 63.9 64.4 64.1 64.2 64.6 63.6 64.1 64.2 64.3 63.4 63.8 11,883 11,952 11,872 11,962 11,969 12,063 11,961 11,938 11,923 11,954 11,920 11,978 12,030 56.5 56.8 57.0 56.7 57.3 56.3 56.6 57.0 57.1 56.6 56.8 56.8 56.6 1,560 1,477 1,464 1,492 1,600 1,485 1,515 1,580 1,584 1,622 1,602 1,532 1,407 11.7 11.0 11.2 11.8 11.1 11.7 11.0 11.8 11.9 11.0 11.6 10.5 11.3 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 . Unemployed Unemployment rate 9.9 6,239 74.6 5,610 67.0 629 10.1 6,234 74.2 5,593 66.6 641 10.3 6,247 74.2 5,587 66.4 660 10.6 6,244 74.0 5,569 66.0 675 10.8 6,189 73.5 5,496 65.2 693 11.2 6,172 73.3 5,603 66.6 569 9.2 6,362 60.6 5,753 54.8 609 9.6 6,360 60.5 5,743 54.6 617 9.7 6,336 60.2 5,706 54.2 630 9.9 6,373 60.4 5,722 54.2 651 10.2 6,311 59.7 6,393 60.5 5,802 54.9 591 9.2 6,423 60.7 5,821 55.0 602 5,558 66.9 629 10.2 6,219 74.7 5,611 67.4 608 9.8 6,188 74.2 5,576 66.9 612 9.9 6,209 74.3 5,617 67.3 592 9.5 6,206 74.2 5,613 67.1 593 9.6 6,209 74.1 5,621 67.1 588 9.5 6,198 73.9 5,584 66.6 6,333 60.8 5,699 54.7 634 10.0 6,325 60.6 5,735 55.0 590 9.3 6,254 59.9 5,685 54.4 569 9.1 6,341 60.6 5,734 54.8 607 9.6 6,401 61.1 5,732 54.7 669 10.5 6,386 60.9 5,755 54.9 631 9.9 6,187 74.4 614 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio 2 . Unemployed Unemployment rate See footnotes at end of table. 38 5,681 53.8 630 10.0 9.4 HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted—Continued (Numbers in thousands) Employment status, race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin 1989 Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July 1990 Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. BLACK—Continued Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio2.. Unemployed..... Unemployment rate Men Women 923 42.4 626 28.8 297 32.2 32.6 31.7 885 40.7 606 27.9 279 31.5 29.0 34.3 894 41.1 611 28.1 283 31.7 34.8 28.5 904 41.6 611 28.1 293 32.4 35.4 29.6 962 44.2 624 28.7 338 35.1 33.8 36.8 953 43.8 687 31.6 266 27.9 23.2 33.1 916 42.2 624 28.7 292 31.9 30.3 33.6 919 41.8 585 26.6 334 36.3 33.8 38.8 937 43.0 624 28.6 313 33.4 32.0 34.9 956 44.0 645 29.7 311 32.5 32.3 32.7 967 44.6 670 30.9 297 30.7 30.1 31.4 842 38.5 606 27.7 236 28.0 28.5 27.5 928 42.8 680 31.3 248 26.7 29.2 24.0 HISPANIC ORIGIN Civilian noninstitutional population1 . Civilian labor force Percent of population Employed Employment-population ratio2.. Unemployed Unemployment rate 13,606 13,649 13,690 13,731 13,772 13,813 13,853 13,894 13,936 13,977 14,019 14,080 14,119 9,342 9,339 9,424 9,495 9,440 9,400 9,192 9,201 9,288 9,359 9,289 9,403 9,361 67.4 68.2 68.1 67.6 67.2 67.4 67.4 67.8 67.0 67.7 67.6 67.0 66.6 8,564 8,595 8,672 8,691 8,531 8,619 8,543 8,579 8,541 8,549 8,581 8,769 8,666 62.8 62.0 62.1 62.3 61.7 61.6 62.9 61.7 62.0 62.0 62.8 62.3 61.4 740 746 757 824 820 778 620 744 752 804 643 671 734 8.2 7.9 8.0 8.8 8.8 8.3 6.7 8.0 8.5 8.0 7.0 7.1 7.8 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population. 2 NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) 1989 1990 Category Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. CHARACTERISTIC Total Married men, spouse present Married women, spouse present Women who maintain families 116,757 117,047 117,084 117,132 117,542 117,436 117,550 117,419 117,585 117,836 117,888 117,863 118,035 40,880 40,976 40,857 40,932 41,025 41,067 40,723 40,649 40,839 40,886 41,041 40,982 41,347 29,379 29,485 29,563 29,608 29,499 29,520 29,259 29,506 29,544 29,767 29,695 29,897 29,704 6,267 6,263 6,354 6,401 6,446 6,371 6,381 6,429 6,354 6,351 6,349 6,215 6,378 MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture: Wage and salary workers Self-employed workers Unpaid family workers Nonagricultural industries: Wage and salary workers Government Private industries Private households Other industries Self-employed workers Unpaid family workers 1,644 1,411 146 1,651 1,403 137 1,630 1,414 126 1,647 1,377 127 1,557 1,411 126 1,685 1,424 127 1,723 1,410 133 1,680 1,424 132 1,678 1,406 124 1,687 1,373 122 1,677 1,369 125 1,634 1,354 107 1,578 1,375 118 104,815 17,318 87,497 1,131 86,366 8,541 290 104,948 17,376 87,572 1,149 86,423 8,631 319 104,981 17,266 87,715 1,118 86,597 8,643 277 105,232 17,305 87,927 1,123 86,804 8,573 299 105,430 17,328 88,102 1,128 86,974 8,578 245 105,353 17,501 87,852 1,094 86,758 8,602 248 105,317 17,559 87,758 1,147 86,611 8,621 272 105,476 17,613 87,863 1,065 86,798 8,581 279 105,504 17,595 87,909 987 86,922 8,610 280 105,960 17,681 88,279 1,051 87,228 8,528 264 105,643 17,728 87,915 1,077 86,838 8,653 251 105,747 17,626 88,121 1,035 87,086 8,733 256 106,117 17,607 88,510 1,021 87,489 8,628 313 PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1 All industries: Part time for economic reasons Slack work Could only find part-time work Voluntary part time 4,987 4,978 5,086 4,883 4,928 4,773 4,802 4,864 4,767 4,803 4,802 4,983 4,887 2,314 2,283 2,346 2,314 2,315 2,301 2,281 2,321 2,314 2,297 2,277 2,402 2,307 2,339 2,368 2,375 2,307 2,269 2,172 2,142 2,161 2,082 2,162 2,106 2,255 2,211 15,150 15,510 15,405 15,350 15,466 15,577 15,550 15,506 15,368 15,254 15,388 14,931 15,381 Nonagricultural industries: Part time for economic reasons Slack work Could only find part-time work Voluntary part time 4,722 4,720 4,855 4,643 4,738 4,583 4,567 4,605 4,526 4,552 4,554 4,729 4,703 2,129 2,095 2,198 2,137 2,183 2,164 2,129 2,165 2,166 2,132 2,111 2,240 2,183 2,272 2,290 2,310 2,246 2,198 2,104 2,076 2,095 2,021 2,097 2,051 2,172 2,173 14,707 15,074 14,975 14,977 15,016 15,138 15,071 15,076 14,936 14,805 14,983 14,515 14,924 Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. 39 HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) 1989 1990 Sex and age Feb. Total, 16 years and over ... 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Men, 16 years and over .... 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Women, 16 years and over 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. 116,757 117,047 117,084 117,132 117,542 117,436 117,550 117,419 117,585 117,836 117,888 117,863 118,035 19,835 6,736 2,587 4,163 13,099 96,898 82,064 14,802 19,969 6,797 2,633 4,176 13,172 97,039 82,165 14,899 19,892 6,808 2,629 4,177 13,084 97,150 82,229 14,918 19,748 6,709 2,597 4,115 13,039 97,353 82,458 14,938 783 _,557 4,199 13,106 97,643 82,704 14,878 19,781 6,704 2,465 4,233 13,077 97,726 82,821 14,914 19,813 6,814 2,574 4,236 12,999 97,809 83,064 14,780 19,489 6,706 2,571 4,149 12,783 97,946 83,170 14,825 19,487 6,763 2,645 4,130 12,724 98,122 83,316 14,818 19,482 6,760 2,598 4,152 12,722 98,345 83,594 14,784 19,298 6,686 2,518 4,161 12,612 98,594 83,680 14,849 19,309 6,631 2,501 4,132 12,678 98,547 83,690 14,805 19,247 6,577 2,513 4,072 12,670 98,722 83,856 14,867 64,008 64,293 64,206 64,202 64,577 64,440 64,400 64,150 64,513 64,482 64,618 64,420 64,602 10,368 10,457 10,364 10,249 10,372 10,291 10,275 10,070 10,211 10,123 10,128 10,091 10,071 3,490 3,510 3,442 3,505 3,428 3,539 3,525 3,421 3,487 3,449 3,464 3,444 3,430 1,336 1,363 1,317 1,305 1,315 1,372 1,288 1,280 1,357 1,329 1,308 1,315 1,298 2,149 2,161 2,139 2,187 2,090 2,159 2,245 2,138 2,134 2,140 2,153 2,121 2,149 6,926 6,947 6,874 6,867 6,821 6,766 6,736 6,649 6,724 6,674 6,664 6,647 6,640 53,626 53,817 53,827 53,933 54,197 54,182 54,171 54,095 54,302 54,362 54,494 54,335 54,463 45,085 45,253 45,196 45,388 45,568 45,603 45,708 45,696 45,829 45,938 46,048 45,832 46,013 8,539 8,576 8,583 8,462 8,439 8,488 8,432 8,441 8,536 8,584 8,610 8,509 8,485 52,749 52,754 52,878 52,930 52,965 52,996 53,150 53,269 53,072 53,354 53,270 53,443 53,433 9,517 9,467 9,499 9,528 9,512 9,538 9,490 9,276 9,419 9,170 9,359 9,218 9,176 3,278 3,281 3,287 3,318 3,294 3,275 3,179 3,285 3,276 3,311 3,222 3,187 3,146 1,252 1,282 1,293 1,270 1,270 1,177 1,202 1,291 1,288 1,269 1,210 1,203 1,198 2,028 2,015 2,024 1,988 2,025 2,012 2,077 2,011 1,996 2,012 2,008 1,983 1,951 6,239 6,311 6,218 6,225 6,210 6,173 6,263 6,134 6,000 6,048 5,948 6,030 6,029 43,272 43,222 43,323 43,420 43,446 43,544 43,638 43,851 43,820 43,983 44,100 44,212 44,259 36,979 36,912 37,033 37,070 37,136 37,218 37,356 37,474 37,487 37,656 37,632 37,859 37,844 6,302 6,331 6,399 6,315 6,308 6,266 6,318 6,386 6,330 6,352 6,408 6,296 6,382 A-37. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) 1989 1990 Sex and age Total 16 vears and over 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 vears 16 to 17 vears 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 vears 25 vears and over 25 to 54 vears 55 years and over Men 16 vears and over 16 to 24 vears 16 to 19 vears 16 to 17 vears 18 to 19 vears 20 to 24 vears 25 vears and over 25 to 54 vears 55 vears and over Wnmpn 16 vears and over 16 to 19 vears 16 to 17 vears 18 to 19 vears 20 to 24 vears 25 vears and over 25 to 54 vears 55 vears and over 40 June July Aug. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. 6,569 6,577 6,520 6,604 6,563 6,652 6,658 6,535 6,594 2,312 1,187 516 684 1,125 4,060 3,637 453 2,485 1,235 540 719 1,250 4,054 3,546 507 2,419 1,188 530 638 1,231 4,106 3,629 480 2,437 1,187 545 623 1,250 4,069 3,568 473 2,426 1,188 534 684 1,238 4,197 3,701 465 2,428 1,186 536 645 1,242 4,144 3,652 464 2,472 1,220 548 665 1,252 4,188 3,688 496 2,428 1,203 558 645 1,225 4,242 3,744 494 2,299 1,121 434 683 1,178 4,279 3,780 525 2,294 1,138 509 609 1,156 4,304 3,781 526 3,566 3,429 3,464 3,427 3,485 3,679 3,553 3,624 3,582 3,597 3,530 1,165 601 269 340 564 2,138 1,890 250 1,260 644 284 360 616 2,298 2,038 282 1,260 668 302 371 592 2,118 1,863 265 1,332 662 316 347 670 2,102 1,815 275 1,263 606 279 309 657 2,132 1,858 278 1,330 629 295 325 701 2,143 1,821 293 1,361 637 311 340 724 2,313 1,978 310 1,349 661 308 353 688 2,214 1,919 280 1,380 690 312 382 690 2,258 1,967 303 1,361 665 319 346 696 2,238 1,917 314 1,267 614 214 397 653 2,373 2,079 313 1,226 601 259 336 625 2,313 2,018 308 2,856 2,912 2,965 2,990 3,105 3,150 3,035 2,925 3,010 3,028 3,076 2,938 3,064 1,041 495 248 235 546 1,814 1,636 169 1,066 503 225 276 563 1,843 1,668 169 1,107 516 212 301 591 1,861 1,693 172 1,052 519 214 313 533 1,942 1,774 188 1,153 573 224 372 580 1,952 1,731 232 1,156 582 251 329 574 1,974 1,771 202 1,107 558 250 298 549 1,926 1,747 180 1,065 551 223 344 514 1,884 1,723 155 1,079 525 228 292 554 1,930 1,733 184 1,092 530 236 283 562 1,930 1,721 193 1,067 538 239 299 529 2,004 1,827 180 1,032 507 220 286 525 1,906 1,701 212 1,069 537 250 273 532 1,991 1,763 218 Feb. Mar. Apr. May 6,360 6,198 6,531 6,419 2,343 1,172 552 603 1,171 4,026 3,569 459 2,231 1,104 494 616 1,127 3,981 3,558 419 2,367 1,160 496 661 1,207 4,159 3,731 454 3,504 3,286 1,302 677 304 368 625 2,212 1,933 290 Sept. HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted (Civilian workers) 1989 1990 Sex and age Feb. Total, 16 years and over ... 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Men, 16 years and over 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. 5.2 5.0 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 10.0 14.0 10.5 15.0 11.0 14.8 17.5 12.8 10.6 14.5 8.9 11.3 15.3 17.4 13.8 9.0 11.2 15.1 17.7 13.1 8.6 4.0 4.2 3.1 11.1 15.0 17.2 14.2 8.8 4.1 4.3 3.0 11.1 15.8 12.9 11.1 15.4 17.4 10.9 17.6 12.7 8.2 4.0 4.2 3.0 10.6 14.6 15.9 4.1 4.2 3.0 4.1 4.2 3.2 10.7 14.8 16.8 13.0 8.4 4.2 4.3 3.4 7.9 3.9 4.2 2.7 13.7 8.4 4.1 4.3 3.0 16.6 14.3 7.9 4.0 4.2 2.9 14.6 8.7 4.0 4.1 3.3 8.8 4.0 4.1 3.1 14.9 16.9 13.5 15.2 18.1 13.4 8.9 4.1 4.3 3.2 14.8 14.2 8.5 4.2 4.3 3.4 5.2 4.9 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.4 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.2 11.2 16.4 18.8 10.0 14.6 16.5 13.6 7.5 10.8 10.9 16.3 11.4 15.9 19.5 13.7 10.9 11.5 15.1 17.7 13.1 9.4 11.9 15.7 19.5 13.7 9.8 11.7 11.8 11.2 16.1 15.1 14.2 10.9 14.9 3.8 3.8 3.3 4.1 12.0 16.7 19.0 15.1 9.4 4.0 4.1 3.5 4.1 3.3 Women, 16 years and over Apr. 10.6 14.8 14.7 8.3 4.0 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Mar. 3.8 4.0 2.8 15.6 17.5 14.3 8.2 4.1 4.3 3.2 18.7 15.1 8.0 3.8 3.9 3.0 8.9 3.7 3.8 3.1 14.7 17.8 12.1 8.9 3.8 3.9 3.1 4.1 3.5 15.9 18.5 14.2 9.3 3.9 4.0 3.2 19.6 13.8 9.5 3.9 4.0 3.6 16.5 15.6 13.7 8.9 4.2 4.3 3.6 8.6 4.1 4.2 3.5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.2 5.4 9.9 13.1 10.1 13.3 15.1 10.4 13.5 14.1 10.0 10.9 15.5 10.4 10.2 14.4 10.4 10.4 17.6 17.2 13.8 15.0 15.7 10.4 14.3 16.5 10.1 13.7 15.5 14.6 17.3 12.0 8.3 4.1 4.3 2.6 12.9 8.7 13.4 10.8 14.9 15.2 15.6 14.2 12.5 7.9 4.3 4.6 2.9 8.5 4.3 4.5 3.6 8.3 4.3 4.5 8.1 4.2 4.5 2.8 13.0 8.2 4.3 12.6 8.0 16.3 10.4 8.1 4.0 4.2 2.6 4.1 4.4 2.7 13.7 14.3 14.6 3.1 14.7 14.6 7.7 4.1 4.4 2.4 12.8 8.5 4.2 4.4 2.8 13.8 12.3 8.5 4.2 4.4 4.6 2.7 2.9 10.4 12.3 8.1 4.3 4.5 3.3 4.1 4.3 3.3 A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted (Unemployment rates) 1989 1990 Category Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. 5.2 4.5 4.6 14.8 5.0 4.2 4.6 14.0 5.3 4.6 4.7 14.6 5.2 4.3 4.7 15.0 5.3 4.4 4.8 15.4 5.3 4.4 4.9 5.3 4.8 4.5 15.0 5.3 4.5 4.8 15.1 5.3 4.5 4.7 14.8 5.3 4.6 4.8 15.3 5.3 4.6 4.8 15.2 5.3 4.7 4.6 14.5 5.3 4.6 4.8 14.8 4.3 10.3 11.6 7.0 4.3 9.8 4.5 9.7 4.4 9.6 11.0 8.2 11.1 4.5 9.6 11.0 4.5 9.7 11.2 4.5 10.2 11.7 4.5 10.1 11.3 8.8 8.8 8.0 4.5 10.3 11.9 8.0 4.6 10.2 11.8 7.9 4.5 10.2 11.7 8.3 4.6 9.2 11.0 6.7 4.5 10.2 11.8 8.0 8.5 7.1 10.5 7.8 Married men, spouse present Married women, spouse present Women who maintain families 3.0 3.4 8.0 2.9 3.5 7.9 3.2 4.0 7.8 2.9 3.8 8.2 2.9 3.8 7.9 3.0 3.8 8.5 3.1 3.9 8.0 3.3 3.8 7.7 3.0 3.9 7.8 3.1 3.8 8.2 3.0 3.9 8.1 3.4 3.7 7.5 3.0 3.8 7.5 Full-time workers Part-time workers Unemployed 15 weeks and over1 Labor force time lost2 4.8 7.2 1.1 6.0 4.8 6.4 1.1 5.9 5.0 7.2 1.1 6.0 4.9 6.9 1.1 6.0 4.9 7.7 1.0 6.0 5.0 7.2 1.2 6.0 4.9 7.1 1.1 6.0 5.0 7.3 1.1 6.0 4.9 7.1 1.1 5.9 5.0 7.4 1.1 5.9 5.0 7.5 1.1 6.0 5.0 7.0 1.1 6.0 4.9 7.4 1.1 5.9 5.2 6.1 7.6 10.0 4.9 4.5 5.5 4.8 3.9 5.7 4.3 2.7 9.1 5.1 6.0 7.0 9.6 4.8 4.6 5.1 4.8 3.9 5.7 4.3 2.7 8.9 5.3 6.0 5.8 9.8 5.0 4.7 5.3 5.0 3.9 5.9 4.6 2.7 9.8 5.2 5.9 4.6 9.5 4.9 4.6 5.5 4.9 4.0 5.6 4.6 2.9 9.9 5.3 6.2 3.9 5.4 6.2 5.8 10.3 5.1 4.7 5.6 5.0 4.1 6.1 4.4 2.8 8.9 5.4 6.3 6.4 10.2 5.2 4.9 5.7 4.9 3.7 6.0 4.4 2.7 9.0 5.4 6.3 8.4 10.1 5.2 4.9 5.5 5.0 4.5 5.9 4.5 2.8 7.8 5.3 6.2 4.8 9.3 5.4 5.2 5.6 4.9 3.9 5.9 4.3 2.7 9.8 5.4 6.3 6.2 9.8 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.0 3.6 6.4 4.3 2.7 12.1 5.4 6.5 4.4 9.8 5.6 5.4 5.9 4.9 3.4 6.3 4.2 2.6 9.7 5.5 6.7 6.8 9.3 5.9 5.8 5.9 5.0 4.3 6.2 4.3 2.4 9.2 5.5 6.6 4.8 8.9 5.9 5.5 6.4 5.0 4.0 6.0 4.4 2.5 9.3 CHARACTERISTIC Total (all civilian workers) Men, 20 years and over Women, 20 years and over Both sexes, 16 to 19 years White Black and other Black Hispanic origin 14.9 INDUSTRY Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers . Goods-producing industries Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Service-producing industries Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Finance and service industries Government workers Agricultural wage and salary workers 1 2 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time 10.0 5.1 4.6 5.8 4.9 4.1 6.0 4.3 2.9 10.4 for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours. 41 HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) 1989 1990 Weeks of unemployment Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. 3,212 1,894 1,300 660 640 3,072 1,849 1,335 672 663 3,113 2,006 1,391 667 724 3,070 1,993 1,331 711 620 3,279 2,006 1,295 684 611 3,156 1,965 1,461 838 623 3,125 2,002 1,338 759 579 3,169 2,030 1,359 769 590 3,166 1,995 1,378 743 635 3,258 1,991 1,422 765 657 3,302 2,013 1,362 730 632 3,119 2,012 1,430 111 653 3,159 2,079 1,369 731 638 12.3 5.4 12.4 5.5 12.6 5.4 11.9 5.3 11.2 5.4 11.9 5.4 11.4 5.0 11.5 5.0 11.7 5.0 11.6 4.8 11.5 4.8 12.1 5.1 11.7 5.4 100.0 50.1 29.6 20.3 10.3 10.0 100.0 49.1 29.6 21.3 10.7 10.6 100.0 47.8 30.8 21.4 10.2 11.1 100.0 48.0 31.2 20.8 11.1 9.7 100.0 49.8 30.5 19.7 10.4 9.3 100.0 47.9 29.9 22.2 12.7 9.5 100.0 48.3 31.0 20.7 11.7 9.0 100.0 48.3 31.0 20.7 11.7 9.0 100.0 48.4 30.5 21.1 11.4 9.7 100.0 48.8 29.8 21.3 11.5 9.8 100.0 49.5 30.1 20.4 10.9 9.5 100.0 47.5 30.7 21.8 11.8 9.9 100.0 47.8 31.5 20.7 11.1 9.7 DURATION Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and over 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over . . . . Averaoe (mean) duration in weeks Median duration in weeks PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemDloved Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and over 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) 1989 1990 Reasons for unemployment Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb, 2,879 783 2,096 980 1,767 757 2,852 806 2,046 902 1,774 713 2,932 833 2,099 985 1,882 692 2,798 805 1,993 1,103 1,853 696 2,820 813 2,007 1,021 1,993 726 2,916 829 2,087 1,016 1,901 723 2,964 865 2,099 1,031 1,772 643 2,932 852 2,080 1,034 1,920 648 2,979 780 2,199 994 1,890 685 3,092 969 2,123 1,049 1,845 695 3,097 957 2,140 1,055 1,853 686 3,183 1,033 2,150 1,016 1,730 640 3,103 964 2,139 1,006 1,805 680 100.0 45.1 12.3 32.8 15.4 27.7 11.9 100.0 45.7 12.9 32.8 14.5 28.4 11.4 100.0 45.2 12.8 32.3 15.2 29.0 10.7 100.0 43.4 12.5 30.9 17.1 28.7 10.8 100.0 43.0 12.4 30.6 15.6 30.4 11.1 100.0 44.5 12.6 31.8 15.5 29.0 11.0 100.0 46.2 13.5 32.7 16.1 27.6 10.0 100.0 44.9 13.0 31.8 15.8 29.4 9.9 100.0 45.5 11.9 33.6 15.2 28.9 10.5 100.0 46.3 14.5 31.8 15.7 27.6 10.4 100.0 46.3 14.3 32.0 15.8 27.7 10.3 100.0 48.5 15.7 32.7 15.5 26.3 9.7 100.0 47.1 14.6 32.4 15.3 27.4 10.3 2.3 .8 1.4 .6 2.3 .7 1.4 .6 2.4 .8 1.5 .6 2.3 .9 1.5 .6 2.3 .8 1.6 .6 2.4 .8 1.5 .6 2.4 .8 1.4 .5 2.4 .8 1.5 .5 2.4 .8 1.5 .6 2.5 .8 1.5 .6 2.5 .8 1.5 .6 2.6 .8 1.4 .5 2.5 .8 1.4 .5 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 42 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1938 to date (In thousands) Service-producing Goods-producing Year and month Total Total private Total Mining Construction Manufacturing Total Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, Services and real estate Government Federal State Annual averages 1938 ... 1939 ... 29,194 30,603 25,311 26,608 11,401 12,297 891 854 1,070 1,165 9,440 10,278 17,793 18,306 2,863 2,936 (1) 1,762 4,664 1,410 1,447 3,458 3,502 (1) 905 O (1) 1940 ... 1941 ... 1942 ... 1943 ... 1944 ... 1945 ..., 1946 ... 1947 ... 1948 ... 1949 ... 32,361 36,539 40,106 42,434 41,864 40,374 41,652 43,857 44,866 43,754 28,159 31,877 34,624 36,356 35,822 34,431 36,056 38,332 39,216 37,897 13,221 15,963 18,470 20,114 19,328 17,507 17,248 18,509 18,774 17,565 925 957 992 925 892 836 862 955 994 930 1,311 1,814 2,198 1,587 1,108 1,147 1,683 2,009 2,198 2,194 10,985 13,192 15,280 17,602 17,328 15,524 14,703 15,545 15,582 14,441 19,140 20,574 21,636 22,320 22,536 22,867 24,404 25,348 26,092 26,189 3,038 3,274 3,460 3,647 3,829 3,906 4,061 4,166 4,189 4,001 1,835 1,960 1,906 1,822 1,845 1,949 2,291 2,471 2,605 2,602 4,914 5,251 5,212 5,160 5,214 5,365 6,084 6,485 6,667 6,662 1,485 1,525 1,509 1,481 1,461 1,481 1,675 1,728 1,800 1,828 3,665 3,905 4,066 4,130 4,145 4,222 4,697 5,025 5,181 5,240 996 1,340 2,213 2,905 2,928 2,808 2,254 1,892 1,863 1,908 (1) (1) O (1) (1) V) (1) 0 0 (1) 1950 ... 1951 ... 1952 ... 1953 ... 1954 ... 1955 ... 1956 ... 1957 ... 1958 ... 19592 .. 45,197 47,819 48,793 50,202 48,990 50,641 52,369 52,853 51,324 53,268 39,170 41,430 42,185 43,556 42,238 43,727 45,091 45,239 43,483 45,186 18,506 19,959 20,198 21,074 19,751 20,513 21,104 20,964 19,513 20,411 901 929 898 866 791 792 822 828 751 732 2,364 2,637 2,668 2,659 2,646 2,839 3,039 2,962 2,817 3,004 15,241 16,393 16,632 17,549 16,314 16,882 17,243 17,174 15,945 16,675 26,691 27,860 28,595 29,128 29,239 30,128 31,266 31,889 31,811 32,857 4,034 4,226 4,248 4,290 4,084 4,141 4,244 4,241 3,976 4,011 2,635 2,727 2,812 2,854 2,867 2,926 3,018 3,028 2,980 3,082 6,751 7,015 7,192 7,393 7,368 7,610 7,840 7,858 7,770 8,045 1,888 1,956 2,035 2,111 2,200 2,298 2,389 2,438 2,481 2,549 5,357 5,547 5,699 5,835 5,969 6,240 6,497 6,708 6,765 7,087 1,928 2,302 2,420 2,305 2,188 2,187 2,209 2,217 2,191 2,233 0) (11) () (1) (1) 1,168 1,250 1,328 1,415 1,484 3,558 3,819 4,071 4,232 4,366 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... 54,189 53,999 55,549 56,653 58,283 60,765 63,901 65,803 67,897 70,384 45,836 45,404 46,660 47,429 48,686 50,689 53,116 54,413 56,058 58,189 20,434 19,857 20,451 20,640 21,005 21,926 23,158 23,308 23,737 24,361 712 672 650 635 634 632 627 613 606 619 2,926 2,859 2,948 3,010 3,097 3,232 3,317 3,248 3,350 3,575 16,796 16,326 16,853 16,995 17,274 18,062 19,214 19,447 19,781 20,167 33,755 34,142 35,098 36,013 37,278 38,839 40,743 42,495 44,160 46,023 4,004 3,903 3,906 3,903 3,951 4,036 4,158 4,268 4,318 4,442 3,143 3,133 3,198 3,248 3,337 3,466 3,597 3,689 3,779 3,907 8,248 8,204 8,368 8,530 8,823 9,250 9,648 9,917 10,320 10,798 2,629 2,688 2,754 2,830 2,911 2,977 3,058 3,185 3,337 3,512 7,378 7,620 7,982 8,277 8,660 9,036 9,498 10,045 10,567 11,169 2,270 2,279 2,340 2,358 2,348 2,378 2,564 2,719 2,737 2,758 1,536 1,607 1,668 1,747 1,856 1,996 2,141 2,302 2,442 2,533 4,547 4,708 4,881 5,121 5,392 5,700 6,080 6,371 6,660 6,904 1970 .... 1971 .... 1972 .... 1973 ... 1974 .... 1975 ... 1976 ... 1977 ... 1978 .... 1979 .... 70,880 71,214 73,675 76,790 78,265 76,945 79,382 82,471 86,697 89,823 58,325 58,331 60,341 63,058 64,095 62,259 64,511 67,344 71,026 73,876 23,578 22,935 23,668 24,893 24,794 22,600 23,352 24,346 25,585 26,461 623 609 628 642 697 752 779 813 851 958 3,588 3,704 3,889 4,097 4,020 3,525 3,576 3,851 4,229 4,463 19,367 18,623 19,151 20,154 20,077 18,323 18,997 19,682 20,505 21,040 47,302 48,278 50,007 51,897 53,471 54,345 56,030 58,125 61,113 63,363 4,515 4,476 4,541 4,656 4,725 4,542 4,582 4,713 4,923 5,136 3,993 4,001 4,113 4,277 4,433 4,415 4,546 4,708 4,969 5,204 11,047 11,351 11,836 12,329 12,554 12,645 13,209 13,808 14,573 14,989 3,645 3,772 3,908 4,046 4,148 4,165 4,271 4,467 4,724 4,975 11,548 11,797 12,276 12,857 13,441 13,892 14,551 15,303 16,252 17,112 2,731 2,696 2,684 2,663 2,724 2,748 2,733 2,727 2,753 2,773 2,664 2,747 2,859 2,923 3,039 3,179 3,273 3,377 3,474 3,541 7,158 7,437 7,790 8,146 8,407 8,758 8,865 9,023 9,446 9,633 90,406 91,156 89,566 90,200 94,496 97,519 99,525 102,200 105,584 108,581 74,166 75,126 73,729 74,330 78,472 81,125 82,832 85,190 88,212 90,854 25,658 25,497 23,813 23,334 24,727 24,859 24,558 24,708 25,249 25,634 1,027 1,139 1,128 952 966 927 777 717 721 722 4,346 4,188 3,905 3,948 4,383 4,673 4,816 4,967 5,125 5,300 20,285 20,170 18,781 18,434 19,378 19,260 18,965 19,024 19,403 19,612 64,748 65,659 65,753 66,866 69,769 72,660 74,967 77,492 80,335 82,947 5,146 5,165 5,082 4,954 5,159 5,238 5,255 5,372 5,548 5,705 5,275 5,358 5,278 5,268 5,555 5,717 5,753 5,844 6,029 6,234 15,035 15,189 15,179 15,613 16,545 17,356 17,930 18,483 19,110 19,575 5,160 5,298 5,341 5,468 5,689 5,955 6,283 6,547 6,676 6,814 17,890 18,619 19,036 19,694 20,797 22,000 23,053 24,236 25,600 26,892 2,866 2,772 2,739 2,774 2,807 2,875 2,899 2,943 2,971 2,988 3,610 3,640 3,640 3,662 3,734 3,832 3,893 3,967 4,063 4,134 9,765 9,482 9,687 9,901 10,100 10,339 10,606 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... 0 () 0 () o 9,619 9,458 9,434 Monthly data, seasonally adjusted 1989: February March April May June July August September October November December 1990: JanuaryP February 1 107,711 107,888 108,101 108,310 108,607 108,767 108,887 109,096 109,171 109,452 109,570 90,124 90,291 90,475 90,623 90,884 91,016 91,083 91,230 91,328 91,622 91,699 25,629 25,646 25,671 25,672 25,648 25,669 25,694 25,614 25,603 25,609 25,532 711 714 720 722 715 706 729 730 731 737 739 5,270 5,252 5,279 5,283 5,283 5,314 5,321 5,325 5,335 5,355 5,304 19,648 19,680 19,672 19,667 19,650 19,649 19,644 19,559 19,537 19,517 19,489 82,082 82,242 82,430 82,638 82,959 83,098 83,193 83,482 83,568 83,843 84,038 5,667 5,666 5,682 5,700 5,716 5,736 5,618 5,709 5,729 5,753 5,834 6,171 6,197 6,206 6,222 6,230 6,237 6,256 6,264 6,278 6,300 6,311 19,460 19,488 19,489 19,528 19,551 19,586 19,621 19,632 19,679 19,744 19,718 6,763 6,774 6,776 6,790 6,808 6,815 6,836 6,852 6,851 6,871 6,885 26,434 26,520 26,651 26,711 26,931 26,973 27,058 27,159 27,188 27,345 27,419 2,982 2,982 2,982 2,999 2,995 3,000 2,999 2,996 2,984 2,982 2,974 4,095 4,102 4,111 4,119 4,136 4,145 4,154 4,182 4,153 4,162 4,156 10,510 10,513 10,533 10,569 10,592 10,606 10,651 10,688 10,706 10,686 10,741 109,902 110,274 91,991 92,335 25,513 25,664 746 747 5,408 5,468 19,359 19,449 84,389 84,610 5,655 5,876 6,331 6,325 19,831 19,848 6,897 6,912 27,564 27,710 2,992 2,990 4,161 4,162 10,758 10,787 Not available. Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 1959 benchmark month. p = preliminary. 2 NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data (beginning April 1988) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January 1985) are subject to revision. 43 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry (In thousands) Industry 1972 SIC U0Q6 All employees Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Production workers Jan. 1990p 108,581 105,915 110,416 108,342 108,869 Total 7?2 Mining 702 740 734 731 _ - - - Jan. 1990p - Feb. 1990p - 120.2 118.3 117.6 115.5 117.2 115.0 _ 418.1 195.3 222.8 414.5 _ - 266.7 96.5 170.2 258.2 98.5 159.7 281.5 94.2 187.3 279.9 95.2 184.7 _ _ - 112.0 39.8 34.2 17.9 107.5 37.7 32.0 17.9 _ _ _ - 87.9 32.5 _ - 78.6 28.4 _ - 84.4 30.8 _ - 79.6 28.4 _ - _ _ _ - 5,240 4,970 4,927 4,127 3,704 4,053 3,796 3,750 944.9 1,002.5 494.3 525.9 20.3 18.9 430.3 457.7 953.4 494.6 18.2 440.6 _ _ - 539.5 139.9 399.6 570.1 138.5 431.6 _ _ - 2,448.8 2,219.1 2,408.2 2,272.0 497.6 482.8 500.1 485.7 149.0 150.8 129.9 134.9 434.1 420.0 446.1 428.1 439.3 396.2 429.6 413.8 156.1 144.0 149.4 143.7 153.3 174.0 174.6 163.1 _ _ _ _ _ - 144.0 141.6 143.7 141.1 Oil and gas extraction Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids Oil and gas field services 13 131,2 138 403.5 196.5 207.0 393.5 197.8 195.7 420.1 195.2 224.9 Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels Crushed and broken stone Sand and gravel Chemical and fertilizer minerals 14 142 144 147 115.4 41.4 35.9 17.8 105.5 37.4 31.1 17.7 5,300 4,841 Heavy construction contractors Highway and street construction Heavy construction, except highway 16 161 162 Special trade contractors Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning Painting, paper hanging, and decorating Electrical work Masonry, stonework, and plastering Carpentering and flooring Roofing and sheet metal work 17 171 172 173 174 175 176 Manufacturing Durable goods 24 241 242 2421 2426 243 2431 2434 2435 2436 244 245 2451 249 _ 1,390.6 1,317.2 1,388.0 1,334.6 1,318.7 1,010.0 745.4 711.9 749.3 707.2 531.5 _ 45.7 45.8 44.3 42.4 20.2 564.2 598.3 580.3 458.4 595.7 701.8 179.8 522.0 _ _ - 3,107.4 2,856.6 3,075.0 2,933.6 673.1 655.5 677.0 661.5 158.7 164.1 180.4 178.2 574.6 557.2 560.7 545.1 502.9 486.7 511.7 465.3 195.1 200.4 187.5 189.1 219.2 196.2 219.3 207.5 _ _ _ _ _ - 801.6 247.9 553.8 667.0 183.2 483.8 777.4 215.0 562.4 668.1 202.8 465.3 19,612 19,516 19,532 19,232 19,325 13,375 11,452 11,236 11,341 7,687 7,713 638.3 77.2 182.0 148.1 31.0 219.8 85.6 57.3 21.3 32.7 36.2 53.2 39.8 69.8 630.0 71.7 181.8 147.9 31.0 217.8 84.5 57.1 21.2 33.4 35.5 52.3 38.1 70.9 11,536 11,547 769.5 93.7 208.3 169.4 35.4 269.1 106.6 71.8 24.5 36.3 42.9 70.0 48.9 85.6 759.8 86.9 207.9 169.0 35.4 266.7 105.4 71.7 24.4 37.2 42.1 69.4 47.0 86.8 524 115.5 113.6 146.9 144.7 15 152 153 154 528 - 141.5 139.3 General building contractors Residential building construction Operative builders Nonresidential building construction 535 51.4 7.9 12.1 11,12 12 Construction 501 51.1 8.0 11.7 64.6 9.6 14.9 Coal mining Bituminous coal and lignite mining 519 44.2 7.2 10.8 64.1 9.7 14.4 Dec. 1989 48.9 7.7 11.2 56.5 8.8 13.9 10 101 102 44 Jan. 1989 _ _ - 61.8 9.3 14.1 Metal mining Iron ores Copper ores See footnotes at end of table. Avg. 1989 90,854 88,380 92,232 90,443 90,637 73,536 71,336 74,745 72,982 73,173 Total private Lumber and wood products Logging camps and logging contractors Sawmills and planing mills Sawmills and planing mills, general Hardwood dimension and flooring Millwork, plywood, and structural members Millwork Wood kitchen cabinets Hardwood veneer and plywood Softwood veneer and plywood Wood containers Wood buildings and mobile homes Mobile homes Miscellaneous wood products Feb. 1990p 757.0 92.3 207.0 168.5 35.2 263.6 103.0 71.7 23.6 36.7 41.0 68.4 48.4 84.7 745.8 88.1 205.9 167.7 35.0 262.3 103.4 71.0 23.8 36.4 40.5 65.0 46.1 84.0 742.0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 642.4 170.9 471.5 13,312 13,292 - 13,022 13,125 7,612 7,417 7,529 624.7 75.6 180.3 146.9 30.7 214.1 81.9 57.1 20.4 33.0 34.2 52.0 39.3 68.5 614.8 71.7 179.4 146.1 30.7 213.1 82.2 56.5 20.6 32.8 34.1 48.6 36.9 67.9 611.3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry Durable goods—Continued Furniture and fixtures Household furniture Wood household furniture Upholstered household furniture Metal household furniture Mattresses and bedsprings Office furniture Public building and related furniture Partitions and fixtures Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures 1972 SIC Code Production workers1 All employees Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p 25 251 2511 2512 2514 2515 252 253 254 259 531.0 307.8 136.8 10^.7 25.5 30.0 69.7 34.4 80.7 38.4 533.8 311.9 138.9 101.3 28.7 29.7 70.2 34.4 79.1 38.2 528.5 305.5 135.6 101.9 24.9 29.1 69.0 34.3 80.9 38.8 523.5 302.8 133.9 101.0 25.1 29.2 68.6 33.2 80.4 38.5 522.2 _ _ _ _ _ Stone, clay, and glass products Flat glass Glass and glassware, pressed or blown Glass containers Pressed and blown glass, nee Products of purchased glass Cement, hydraulic Structural clay products Pottery and related products Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products Concrete block and brick Concrete products, nee Ready-mixed concrete Misc. nonmetallic mineral products Abrasive products Asbestos products Mineral wool 32 321 322 3221 3229 323 324 325 326 327 3271 3272 3273 329 3291 3292 3296 602.9 16.4 83.9 42.3 41.6 55.6 19.4 38.0 38.6 215.0 19.2 75.1 100.9 120.8 22.7 8.8 26.7 586.7 16.3 83.4 41.9 41.5 55.3 19.1 38.0 38.2 201.8 18.5 71.4 92.0 120.5 22.6 8.9 26.6 594.3 16.2 83.2 42.2 41.0 55.4 19.2 36.8 39.0 209.0 18.5 74.1 96.6 120.3 22.6 8.8 27.0 Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Blast furnaces and steel mills Steel pipe and tubes Iron and steel foundries Gray iron foundries Malleable iron foundries Steel foundries, nee Primary nonferrous metals Primary aluminum Nonferrous rolling and drawing Copper rolling and drawing Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating Nonferrous foundries Aluminum foundries 33 331 3312 3317 332 3321 3322 3325 333 3334 335 3351 3353 3357 336 3361 782.5 274.3 206.1 24.7 143.6 87.0 9.3 31.3 45.4 26.8 181.6 23.4 28.2 77.4 90.7 53.8 787.4 276.4 207.6 25.0 145.2 88.4 9.8 31.5 45.5 27.1 182.2 23.5 28.4 78.1 91.3 55.2 773.0 270.1 203.4 24.2 140.8 85.6 8.8 30.4 45.8 26.9 180.3 23.1 28.3 76.6 89.7 52.2 34 Fabricated metal products Metal cans and shipping containers 341 Metal cans 3411 342 Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades ... 3423,5 3429 Hardware, nee 343 Plumbing and heating, except electric 3432 Plumbing fittings and brass goods 3433 Heating equipment, except electric 344 Fabricated structural metal products 3441 Fabricated structural metal 3442 Metal doors, sash, and trim 3443 Fabricated plate work (boiler shops) Sheet metal work 3444 Architectural metal work 3446 Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p _ - 423.4 259.9 119.4 85.2 20.5 23.1 52.0 27.0 58.5 26.0 428.0 264.9 121.7 85.1 23.6 23.0 53.1 26.9 57.4 25.7 420.9 257.3 117.8 85.3 20.1 22.2 51.5 26.9 58.6 26.6 416.2 254.7 116.3 84.4 20.3 22.3 51.2 25.9 58.1 26.3 415.0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 580.5 16.2 82.0 41.3 40.7 54.5 19.0 36.2 38.9 201.5 17.7 71.7 92.4 118.0 22.5 8.9 25.6 579.7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 468.5 13.2 72.6 38.4 34.1 42.7 14.8 29.4 30.8 164.7 12.5 57.0 79.9 88.7 16.1 6.6 - 453.7 13.1 72.0 37.9 34.1 42.5 14.4 29.6 30.5 152.6 11.8 54.0 71.5 88.3 15.9 6.6 - 459.5 12.9 71.9 38.3 33.6 42.4 14.6 28.3 30.9 158.6 12.0 55.9 75.4 88.4 16.0 6.6 - 447.5 12.8 70.8 37.4 33.4 41.7 14.4 27.7 30.8 152.2 11.3 53.8 72.0 86.5 15.9 6.7 - 446.4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 766.6 269.9 203.3 24.1 137.3 82.0 8.7 30.6 45.6 26.9 178.7 23.0 28.6 74.9 88.9 51.5 770.0 268.5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 597.5 211.6 160.5 18.6 114.8 71.4 7.1 24.6 33.9 20.6 130.2 17.9 18.9 56.6 72.3 43.6 604.1 214.4 162.5 18.9 117.0 72.5 7.4 24.8 34.1 20.9 130.5 17.9 19.2 57.1 73.4 45.1 587.8 207.2 157.5 18.1 112.6 69.9 6.7 23.8 33.9 20.5 129.0 17.6 18.8 55.7 71.0 42.0 581.9 207.5 157.9 18.0 108.5 65.9 6.7 23.9 33.9 20.5 127.9 17.5 19.6 54.0 70.3 41.3 586.0 206.3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 1,445.3 1,453.8 1,434.5 1,403.3 1,412.2 1,072.5 1,084.7 1,061.7 1,031.6 1,042.5 52.6 51.8 51.9 51.6 _ 45.3 44.6 44.2 44.7 41.7 41.2 40.7 41.0 _ 35.9 35.2 36.3 35.7 135.1 138.5 133.6 129.3 _ _ 99.7 102.6 98.5 94.1 45.9 46.8 46.1 45.8 _ 34.2 33.9 33.5 33.9 77.8 80.6 71.7 75.6 _ _ 60.8 58.2 56.3 52.1 _ _ 60.6 60.9 61.0 61.1 43.8 44.4 43.8 43.5 25.8 25.6 25.5 25.8 _ _ 18.7 19.1 19.1 18.9 22.1 _ _ 22.1 22.9 22.6 15.1 15.1 15.6 15.1 435.7 433.7 433.9 428.2 _ _ 311.2 311.4 308.7 303.2 _ _ 79.1 79.1 79.8 78.8 57.4 57.3 56.9 56.5 _ _ 82.6 81.1 80.9 78.7 59.2 58.7 60.2 56.6 107.6 106.8 108.0 107.6 _ _ 72.4 72.6 72.4 72.3 100.0 99.7 98.3 99.5 _ _ 74.9 74.6 74.5 73.0 33.4 34.0 32.6 32.0 24.3 25.4 23.4 22.7 - See footnotes at end of table. 45 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry 1972 SIC Pnrle UUUc Production workers All employees Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990 p Durable goods—Continued Fabricated metal products—Continued Screw machine products, bolts, etc Screw machine products Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers Metal forgings and stampings Iron and steel forgings Automotive stampings Metal stampings, nee Metal services, nee Plating and polishing Metal coating and allied services Ordnance and accessories, nee Ammunition, except for small arms, nee Misc. fabricated metal products Valves and pipe fittings Misc. fabricated wire products 345 3451 3452 346 3462 3465 3469 347 3471 3479 348 3483 349 3494 3496 Machinery, except electrical Engines and turbines Turbines and turbine generator sets Internal combustion engines, nee Farm and garden machinery Farm machinery and equipment Construction and related machinery Construction machinery Mining machinery Oil field machinery Conveyors and conveying equipment .... Industrial trucks and tractors Metalworking machinery Machine tools, metal cutting types Machine tools, metal forming types Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures Machine tool accessories , Power driven hand tools Special industry machinery Food products machinery Textile machinery Printing trades machinery General industrial machinery Pumps and pumping equipment Ball and roller bearings Air and gas compressors Blowers and fans Speed changers, drives, and gears Power transmission equipment, nee Office and computing machines Electronic computing equipment Refrigeration and service machinery Refrigeration and heating equipment .... Misc. machinery, except electrical Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves . Machinery, except electrical, nee 35 351 3511 3519 352 3523 353 3531 3532 3533 3535 3537 354 3541 3542 3544 3545 3546 355 3551 3552 3555 356 3561 3562 3563 3564 3566 3568 357 3573 358 3585 359 3592 3599 2,145.5 2,133.6 2,151.4 2,142.8 2,141 7 1,299.6 1,293.6 1,304.4 1,303.0 1,302.0 63.8 64.6 98.0 97.7 63.5 97.5 63.9 97.6 _ _ 17.1 15.5 29.4 26.5 16.9 29.0 16.4 28.1 _ _ 49.1 68.6 46.7 68.5 71.2 69.5 46.6 47.5 _ 78.5 _ 115.9 85.7 118.1 79.7 108.2 109.8 88.1 58.8 57.8 54.3 82.4 56.5 81.5 77.8 80.1 _ 143.1 147.7 146.7 239.6 237.0 232.4 240.1 145.4 _ 53.4 53.2 52.3 86.4 53.3 86.3 84.1 85.9 _ 16.8 10.4 10.1 16.9 16.6 16.7 10.4 10.3 _ _ 42.4 24.3 25.2 41.9 24.8 42.2 42.2 25.1 _ 20.2 20.2 19.3 36.9 _ 19.8 37.1 34.9 36.3 _ _ 29.4 28.5 20.1 19.2 29.2 19.6 27.8 20.0 _ _ 334.8 329.8 336.5 335.3 241.8 239.0 242.6 241.3 _ 34.9 33.6 53.5 _ 34.8 53.8 51.7 53.5 34.5 _ _ 19.8 12.6 12.6 19.9 12.6 19.1 19.5 12.6 _ _ 159.2 122.8 123.5 120.7 158.6 121.7 156.1 157.5 _ 43.3 _ 61.4 60.7 43.0 43.5 60.8 43.8 61.6 _ 16.1 15.9 16.7 23.2 16.5 23.0 23.1 23.3 _ _ 177.4 104.6 105.0 106.8 177.1 106.4 178.4 177.5 _ 21.7 21.9 _ 36.1 21.6 35.8 21.7 35.9 35.6 13.9 13.9 14.0 21.0 13.9 21.1 21.1 21.1 _ _ 15.1 17.7 15.2 27.0 16.8 27.2 29.4 28.9 167.3 168.2 164.8 166.0 256.0 254.0 257.9 256.9 27.6 27.5 26.2 46.4 26.8 46.2 45.3 45.9 _ 33.8 34.4 33.8 _ 44.0 43.5 33.8 43.4 43.3 12.7 12.8 13.1 22.6 12.9 22.7 22.5 22.6 21.0 21.4 20.6 31.2 _ 21.2 31.6 31.6 31.2 _ 12.4 _ 12.6 12.1 17.9 12.3 17.7 17.9 17.5 13.0 12.8 12.8 18.8 12.9 18.6 18.9 18.8 _ 157.4 156.0 _ 159.4 156.5 475.2 476.4 475.9 468.6 131.6 _ 133.4 129.9 _ 130.9 419.9 421.0 420.6 413.9 _ 135.4 _ 128.9 127.8 181.3 134.6 179.8 187.5 187.0 92.5 91.4 97.6 126.3 97.3 125.0 131.2 130.9 _ _ 269.9 268.4 269.9 270.1 205.2 205.4 205.2 204.2 _ _ 22.4 22.1 24.2 28.2 28.1 30.6 29.5 23.2 181.8 183.1 181.2 240.5 239.5 241.8 240.2 182.1 - Electrical and electronic equipment Electric distributing equipment Transformers Switchgear and switchboard apparatus Electrical industrial apparatus Motors and generators Industrial controls Household appliances Household refrigerators and freezers .... Household laundry equipment Electric housewares and fans 36 361 3612 3613 362 3621 3622 363 3632 3633 3634 2,037.7 2,068.0 2,004.4 1,992.6 1,985.5 1,199.2 1,226.4 1,180.1 1,173.2 1,168.4 _ _ 77.1 104.9 105.2 108.7 74.3 106.9 74.3 75.6 _ 38.7 51.6 _ 51.7 54.0 52.7 36.8 37.0 37.7 _ 37.5 38.4 37.9 53.3 53.5 54.7 54.3 37.3 _ _ 128.4 130.3 185.0 185.9 185.9 128.5 184.7 130.0 _ 71.5 89.4 _ 89.5 90.4 70.3 71.1 91.0 70.3 _ _ 61.4 35.7 61.1 60.2 60.9 35.6 35.9 35.6 _ _ 112.4 129.6 138.6 136.5 103.1 109.4 133.3 106.8 _ _ 18.3 22.7 23.1 27.9 20.5 25.6 22.5 27.6 18.7 _ 18.3 18.8 22.7 _ 22.5 23.0 18.2 22.5 28.6 28.3 29.2 29.4 36.9 36.5 36.5 37.3 - See footnotes at end of table. 46 100.9 49.8 5\1 232.3 33.0 103.1 83.7 129.1 83.5 45.6 71.8 39.9 227.2 78.3 55.9 101.9 50.7 51.2 237.8 33.6 107.3 84.5 127.2 82.4 44.8 74.7 41.7 227.3 78.0 55.8 100.3 49.5 50.8 228.3 32.6 100.5 82.8 129.8 84.0 45.8 69.7 38.6 226.3 78.3 55.9 99.9 49.2 50.7 209.5 32.2 82.0 82.8 128.7 82.8 45.9 68.9 38.3 225.8 78.3 56.2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 77.1 40.6 36.5 184.9 25.5 86.6 63.4 102.6 66.9 35.7 43.6 21.4 164.3 52.4 42.6 78.1 41.5 36.6 190.3 26.0 90.9 64.2 101.7 66.3 35.4 46.2 23.1 165.4 52.4 42.9 77.2 40.5 36.7 180.3 25.1 83.8 62.3 102.8 67.2 35.6 42.8 20.9 163.4 52.1 42.6 76.8 40.0 36.8 161.9 24.6 66.0 62.2 101.4 65.8 35.6 42.8 21.2 163.2 52.4 42.8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry 1972 SIC uode Durable goods—Continued Electrical and electronic equipment—Continued Electric lighting and wiring equipment Electric lamps Current-carrying wiring devices Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices Residential lighting fixtures Radio and TV receiving equipment Radio and TV receiving sets Communication equipment Telephone and telegraph apparatus Radio and TV communication equipment Electronic components and accessories Electronic tubes Semiconductors and related devices Electronic components, nee Misc. electrical equipment and supplies Storage batteries Engine electrical equipment 364 3641 3643 3644 3645 365 3651 366 3661 3662 367 3671-3 3674 3679 369 3691 3694 Production workers1 All employees Avg. 1989 198.6 26.3 7 7 .2 16.8 28.0 93.9 69.9 538.5 102.8 435.7 620.1 38.6 258.8 250.4 157.2 28.4 69.5 Jan. 1989 202.1 26.8 78.9 16.8 28.5 89.8 67.0 550.4 106.6 443.8 632.9 38.6 263.8 255.2 159.6 28.9 71.1 Dec. 1989 196.4 25.9 75.8 16.8 27.9 95.1 71.0 522.2 97.6 424.6 612.4 38.5 255.9 247.7 158.5 29.9 69.1 Jan. 1990p 194.5 25.9 75.3 17.1 27.5 93.5 69.0 519.8 97.2 422.6 607.3 38.5 254.0 245.6 154.6 29.8 65.7 Feb. 1990p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Motor vehicles and car bodies Truck and bus bodies Motor vehicle parts and accessories Truck trailers Aircraft and parts Aircraft Aircraft engines and engine parts Aircraft equipment, nee Ship and boat building and repairing Ship building and repairing Boat building and repairing Railroad equipment Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts Guided missiles and space vehicles Miscellaneous transportation equipment Travel trailers and campers ., 37 371 3711 3713 3714 3715 372 3721 3724 3728 373 3731 3732 374 376 3761 379 3792 Instruments and related products Engineering and scientific instruments Measuring and controlling devices Environmental controls Process control instruments Instruments to measure electricity Optical instruments and lenses Medical instruments and supplies Surgical and medical instruments Surgical appliances and supplies Ophthalmic goods Photographic equipment and supplies Watches, clocks, and watchcases 38 381 382 3822 3823 3825 383 384 3841 3842 385 386 387 777.3 99.4 270.1 49.4 63.3 109.1 30.6 211.1 105.2 91.0 39.7 115.2 11.3 769.0 98.6 266.7 49.0 61.8 107.9 30.9 207.4 102.2 90.5 39.0 114.7 11.7 776.9 99.6 269.4 48.6 63.9 108.8 30.7 214.2 107.2 92.0 40.6 111.4 11.0 775.5 100.2 269.3 49.0 63.7 108.6 30.1 214.0 107.0 92.1 40.3 110.7 10.9 775.6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - Miscellaneous manufacturing Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware Jewelry, precious metal Musical instruments Toys and sporting goods Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles... Sporting and athletic goods, nee Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies Costume jewelry and notions Costume jewelry Miscellaneous manufactures Signs and advertising displays 39 391 3911 393 394 3942,4 3949 395 396 3961 399 3993 391.2 54.1 39.1 13.1 105.2 45.1 60.1 34.1 42.7 23.4 142.0 62.2 380.1 52.9 37.9 13.2 100.4 41.3 59.1 33.6 39.6 21.5 140.4 62.2 389.5 54.5 39.7 12.9 103.1 43.0 60.1 33.5 43.4 24.4 142.1 62.8 384.5 53.2 38.6 12.7 102.5 42.4 60.1 33.5 41.9 23.5 140.7 62.4 386.6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Avg. 1989 143.7 22.4 50.3 12.5 21.0 66.6 48.1 217.5 61.1 156.4 346.2 24.4 98.2 170.2 110.3 21.7 53.1 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 146.8 22.7 51.5 12.6 21.6 63.8 46.3 226.5 63.9 162.6 356.2 25.0 103.4 171.7 113.3 22.0 54.6 142.4 22.2 49.5 12.5 20.9 67.5 48.9 210.3 58.8 151.5 343.0 24.0 97.7 169.9 111.0 23.1 52.6 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p 140.6 22.1 49.3 12.6 20.4 65.7 46.8 209.1 58.4 150.7 339.9 24.3 96.7 168.3 108.4 23.4 49.5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 2,053.6 2,075.1 2,042.4 1,920.6 2,025.0 1,275.7 1,295.2 1,261.1 1,140.2 1,244.5 720.3 824.4 661.4 680.4 644.0 855.8 873.6 838.0 529.5 633.0 _ 355.4 365.5 348.7 263.8 172.9 256.9 263.7 274.3 _ 42.3 42.3 42.4 43.5 33.4 32.8 33.8 33.0 _ 407.9 414.8 401.4 368.7 319.1 288.0 325.6 333.3 _ 29.4 26.7 27.0 30.2 21.0 23.9 23.3 21.1 711.0 711.7 702.2 697.5 340.4 338.8 343.2 340.7 _ _ 385.6 379.8 373.4 386.5 164.7 166.7 163.8 166.4 151.4 150.6 152.7 152.0 77.2 76.5 75.4 76.1 _ 172.7 172.7 171.9 173.2 98.8 100.0 98.9 98.6 _ _ 183.3 184.6 192.1 187.8 139.7 136.8 138.5 141.5 _ 121.8 123.4 121.5 122.3 86.6 88.6 83.0 84.8 _ _ 66.3 61.5 61.2 69.8 54.9 50.2 49.9 58.5 39.6 40.2 37.1 39.0 29.5 30.0 29.1 27.8 _ 207.8 212.2 207.9 207.3 63.7 63.4 63.5 64.7 _ 154.5 153.0 154.0 155.1 42.9 43.1 43.8 43.9 _ 47.8 45.5 46.5 49.3 29.8 30.7 32.2 33.5 18.7 19.4 21.1 19.8 14.4 15.0 16.6 15.5 - - - 428.5 46.2 154.3 33.1 33.9 55.1 16.2 126.5 60.9 57.2 27.3 49.6 8.4 423.5 45.2 153.5 32.7 33.3 55.0 16.0 124.7 59.0 57.4 26.6 48.7 8.8 429.0 47.0 153.2 32.6 33.8 55.0 16.1 128.0 61.6 57.7 28.1 48.7 7.9 429.6 48.1 152.9 32.8 33.7 54.7 15.5 128.7 62.0 58.0 27.4 48.8 8.2 283.9 38.3 27.5 10.8 76.9 31.7 45.2 23.7 33.5 18.3 100.7 42.9 273.9 37.3 26.6 10.9 72.8 28.0 44.8 23.1 30.4 16.2 99.4 43.0 282.8 38.7 28.0 10.6 74.7 29.9 44.8 23.3 34.0 19.4 101.5 43.8 278.7 37.2 26.6 10.4 74.2 29.3 44.9 23.5 32.8 18.8 100.6 43.9 431.9 _ _ _ _ 280.7 • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - See footnotes at end of table. 47 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) 1972 SIC Code Industry Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Meat products Meat packing plants Sausages and other prepared meats Poultry dressing plants Dairy products Cheese, natural and processed Fluid milk Preserved fruits and vegetables Canned specialties Canned fruits and vegetables Frozen fruits and vegetables Grain mill products Flour and other grain mill products Prepared feeds, nee Bakery products Bread, cake, and related products Cookies and crackers Sugar and confectionery products Cane and beet sugar Confectionery products Fats and oils Beverages Malt beverages Bottled and canned soft drinks Misc. food and kindred products 20 201 2011 2013 2016 202 2022 2026 203 2032 2033 2037 204 2041 2048 205 2051 2052 206 2061-3 2065 207 ..... 209 Tobacco manufactures Cigarettes Textile mill products Weaving mills, cotton Weaving mills, synthetics Weaving and finishing mills, wool Narrow fabric mills Knitting mills Women's hosiery, except socks Hosiery, nee Knit outerwear mills Knit underwear mills Circular knit fabric mills Textile finishing, except wool Finishing plants, cotton Finishing plants, synthetics Floor covering mills Yarn and thread mills Yarn mills, except wool Throwing and winding mills Miscellaneous textile goods , , Apparel and other textile products Men's and boys' suits and coats Men's and boys' furnishings Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear Men's and boys' separate trousers Men's and boys' work clothing Women's and misses' outerwear Women's and misses' blouses and waists Women's and misses' dresses Women's and misses' suits and coats Women's and misses' outerwear, nee See footnotes at end of table. 48 208 2082 2086 Production workers1 All employees Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p 8,076 7,969 8,080 7,996 7,984 5,688 5,599 5,680 5,605 5,596 1,665.2 1,602.2 1,666.3 1,632.5 1,623.3 1,192.1 1,132.2 1,191.4 1,164.0 1,156.0 356.4 342.8 366.6 360.9 423.7 419.8 405.7 430.1 147.4 145.7 142.8 123.9 122.7 119.3 121.1 144.6 82.5 84.0 81.8 62.2 59.6 61.3 8^.2 60.7 143.2 171.1 174.5 157.8 168.4 155.5 158.8 153.0 93.8 154.9 93.1 94.1 96.4 155.2 153.7 157.3 31.6 41.5 32.1 33.1 32.6 41.8 43.0 42.5 37.4 74.7 36.7 36.7 37.5 73.5 73.9 74.6 177.3 213.7 231.2 238.3 188.4 194.9 259.0 221.8 17.1 17.9 24.8 24.5 23.7 18.7 18.3 24.4 55.8 75.9 68.0 71.6 69.6 55.7 59.1 89.9 34.5 45.4 48.0 50.5 40.5 41.8 44.4 51.6 88.0 89.2 91.5 91.7 127.9 125.7 132.5 131.7 15.4 15.7 16.6 16.2 24.7 24.3 22.3 23.1 26.9 27.0 27.6 27.6 43.4 43.5 42.4 42.7 124.6 122.7 126.6 123.3 203.0 201.0 206.1 201.7 89.5 87.9 90.3 87.3 157.0 154.3 159.1 155.9 35.1 35.4 36.3 35.4 45.8 47.0 45.9 46.7 79.2 83.3 89.7 79.0 105.4 112.5 100.3 101.1 15.3 16.9 18.5 17.0 20.9 22.5 21.5 19.6 49.3 51.1 55.9 47.3 61.9 67.3 57.0 59.7 23.3 23.5 23.2 23.6 31.9 31.9 32.1 31.8 84.2 79.1 81.4 82.9 193.9 190.3 197.1 198.3 24.9 23.8 24.6 24.3 39.8 40.5 40.9 40.9 37.1 35.3 35.8 36.3 109.1 110.9 110.6 112.5 125.1 163.6 165.8 162.9 167.1 122.1 123.2 120.9 21 211 52.9 38.5 57.7 40.7 53.8 36.5 53.4 36.6 51.9 39.2 28.3 43.1 29.9 41.1 27.3 40.5 27.2 38.8 22 221 222 223 224 225 726.1 95.9 90.8 19.2 24.6 211.2 33.0 37.4 70.2 25.1 27.0 61.6 25.9 21.7 62.3 104.9 79.1 14.2 55.7 725.7 96.7 91.6 19.4 24.6 207.9 33.2 35.9 68.3 25.7 26.0 61.4 26.0 21.6 61.3 720.1 95.4 89.7 18.4 24.4 208.9 32.5 37.7 69.3 24.4 27.1 61.8 26.6 21.8 63.5 103.0 77.4 13.9 55.0 716.1 94.4 89.9 18.2 24.2 206.3 32.5 37.5 67.1 24.2 27.1 61.7 26.8 21.6 65.2 101.7 76.5 13.7 54.5 712.9 627.4 86.3 80.5 15.5 20.9 185.7 29.6 33.9 62.3 21.2 23.5 50.5 21.1 17.5 50.7 94.0 71.3 12.7 43.2 628.2 87.0 81.3 15.8 21.1 182.9 30.0 32.3 60.9 21.6 22.6 50.7 21.5 17.4 49.8 95.7 72.7 12.9 43.9 620.5 86.2 79.4 14.7 20.6 182.8 28.9 34.1 61.0 20.6 23.7 50.1 21.3 17.4 51.9 92.4 69.8 12.4 42.4 617.0 85.3 79.6 14.6 20.5 612.9 920.6 47.8 259.1 64.5 42.4 80.1 280.2 34.8 62.0 31.4 152.0 913.1 50.3 909.8 45.9 256.9 63.9 41.4 79.6 895.4 45.2 271.4 32.8 59.3 29.0 150.3 268.6 32.3 59.4 27.6 149.3 2251 2252 2253 2254 2257 226 2261 2262 227 228 2281 2282 229 23 231 232 2321 2327 2328 233 2331 2335 2337 2339 106.8 80.5 14.6 56.0 1,091.5 1,084.1 1,080.1 1,064.7 1,064.1 58.5 53.1 54.1 56.0 299.9 297.4 297.2 294.6 74.8 74.1 73.2 75.1 50.1 48.1 47.3 49.2 89.3 90.8 89.9 91.5 337.7 325.2 322.1 334.8 39.4 40.0 43.3 42.1 72.1 71.6 76.8 74.6 34.1 35.5 35.1 37.9 178.1 180.1 176.5 182.5 256.8 63.7 43.3 78.2 282.2 35.8 63.9 28.7 153.8 180.5 29.0 34.0 59.0 20.4 23.5 50.0 21.4 17.3 53.3 91.3 68.9 12.2 41.9 254.4 63.1 40.5 78.6 895.8 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry Nondurable goods—Continued Apparel and other textile products—Continued Women's and children's undergarments Women's and children's underwear Brassieres and allied garments Children's outerwear Children's dresses and blouses Misc. apparel and accessories Misc. fabricated textile products Curtains and draperies House furnishings, nee Automotive and apparel trimmings Paper and allied products Paper and pulp mills Paper mills, except building paper Paperboard mills Misc. converted paper products Paper coating and glazing Envelopes Bags, except textile bags Paperboard containers and boxes Folding paperboard boxes Corrugated and solid fiber boxes Sanitary food containers Printing and publishing Newspapers Periodicals Books Book publishing Book printing Miscellaneous publishing Commercial printing Commercial printing, letterpress Commercial printing, lithographic Manifold business forms Blankbooks and bookbinding Printing trade services 1972 SIC 234 2341 2342 236 2361 238 239 2391 2392 2396 26 261,2,6 262 263 264 2641 2642 2643 265 2651 2653 2654 27 271 272 273 2731 2732 274 275 2751 2752 276 278 279 Chemicals and allied products 28 Industrial inorganic chemicals 281 Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee 2819 Plastics materials and synthetics 282 Plastics materials and resins 2821 Organic fibers, noncellulosic 2824 Drugs 283 Pharmaceutical preparations 2834 Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods 284 Soap and other detergents 2841 Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations 2842,3 Toilet preparations 2844 Paints and allied products 285 Industrial organic chemicals 286 Cyclic crudes and intermediates 2865 Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee ... 2861,9 Agricultural chemicals 287 Miscellaneous chemical products 289 Petroleum and coal products Petroleum refining Paving and roofing materials 29 291 295 Production workers1 All employees Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p 69.4 55.7 1^.7 57.4 22.3 44.3 211.1 26.1 56.9 44.3 70.1 56.4 13.7 57.0 22.3 42.1 203.3 24.4 54.1 43.5 66.9 53.0 13.9 58.4 22.4 43.5 215.5 26.9 59.7 44.6 66.7 52.9 13.8 58.3 22.7 42.8 207.9 26.5 58.1 40.2 697.2 692.0 698.8 194.3 174.1 192.8 172.8 52.7 238.0 60.0 27.6 54.1 208.5 46.1 113.3 22.3 195.0 174.8 691.6 192.4 172.4 53.0 236.0 52.9 239.5 60.5 26.6 53.5 210.6 46.8 114.0 22.2 1,606.9 1,594.0 477.6 477.6 135.8 121.1 89.6 31.5 82.8 573.4 177.1 368.7 49.1 81.5 60.8 133.5 120.2 88.7 31.5 81.2 567.1 173.5 365.9 49.6 80.5 60.1 52.9 239.4 60.9 26.5 Feb. 1990p 689.2 182.9 85.0 68.4 236.3 162.5 122.9 26.7 156.9 121.4 23.0 194.5 159.9 44.1 45.6 70.2 62.6 148.4 30.3 118.1 52.5 101.0 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p 57.5 48.0 9.5 48.3 19.4 36.6 175.8 21.7 47.9 37.3 58.0 48.4 9.6 47.8 19.4 34.5 169.1 20.2 45.6 36.8 55.4 45.9 9.5 49.2 19.6 35.8 179.3 22.3 50.4 36.9 55.3 45.8 9.5 49.5 19.9 35.4 171.2 22.0 48.6 32.6 525.4 147.4 131.4 40.5 521.2 146.1 130.3 40.5 173.3 35.2 21.4 42.7 161.3 527.1 147.6 131.5 40.6 520.9 175.4 36.3 20.6 172.1 34.6 20.5 41.9 162.4 36.9 41.9 163.5 37.2 85.0 18.6 86.3 18.1 907.2 169.5 50.3 65.5 39.4 174.4 35.2 20.6 53.8 210.2 46.5 114.5 21.9 41.9 163.0 37.3 85.6 18.6 ,629.0 1,622.5 1,627.4 482.6 480.9 892.1 168.0 48.5 63.6 38.6 25.0 41.7 416.3 886.5 169.7 47.3 63.5 38.7 24.8 41.5 411.7 26.1 42.7 423.7 42.6 420.4 127.4 266.9 33.5 63.1 44.7 124.7 264.9 33.9 62.5 44.4 130.0 272.1 33.9 63.3 45.3 129.1 270.0 33.9 63.2 45.2 613.3 69.4 48.2 122.4 51.5 50.0 106.4 87.5 101.5 27.5 25.8 48.2 32.1 87.8 18.9 68.8 33.3 60.5 602.1 67.1 47.7 120.4 50.2 49.1 103.4 83.9 100.5 27.5 25.9 47.1 31.5 86.0 18.7 67.3 33.4 59.8 616.5 70.6 48.7 123.1 52.0 50.3 110.0 91.3 99.1 28.4 25.2 45.5 32.0 88.4 18.9 69.5 32.7 60.6 613.0 70.2 48.1 105.9 78.2 20.5 101.1 77.4 16.9 104.4 78.6 18.4 103.3 79.1 16.8 53.8 211.5 47.0 114.7 21.7 137.8 123.2 90.8 32.4 84.5 582.4 180.2 374.7 48.9 82.2 61.7 137.5 122.1 90.3 31.8 83.7 580.2 179.3 373.5 48.7 82.3 61.4 188.9 88.2 70.9 245.8 202.5 160.7 45.1 46.6 69.0 63.2 151.9 31.6 120.3 52.8 101.1 161.2 123.4 24.7 189.1 88.3 71.0 245.0 202.2 158.9 44.2 46.7 68.0 63.2 151.9 31.4 120.5 53.0 100.0 159.4 123.5 22.8 159.4 Feb. 1990p 519.5 145.8 129.8 40.6 58.9 26.6 1,092.9 1,077.3 1,099.9 1,096.9 1,101.1 133.7 134.8 135.5 135.8 91.0 91.3 90.6 91.8 186.8 87.2 70.1 241.6 199.0 161.4 44.0 46.1 71.3 63.4 150.2 30.9 119.3 53.3 101.5 Avg. 1989 36.9 86.2 18.3 901.4 906.2 167.5 50.5 65.2 39.1 26.1 615.7 122.9 52.2 49.9 109.3 90.7 97.7 27.8 25.2 44.7 31.8 88.3 18.9 69.4 32.9 59.9 103.2 See footnotes at end of table. 49 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) 1972 SIC Code Industry Nondurable goods—Continued Rubber and misc. plastics products Tires and inner tubes Rubber and plastics footwear Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose and belting Fabricated rubber products, nee Miscellaneous plastics products 30 301 302 303,4 306 307 31 Leather and leather products Leather tanning and finishing Footwear, except rubber Men's footwear, except athletic Women's footwear, except athletic Luggage Handbags and personal leather goods 311 314 3143 3144 316 317 Transportation and public utilities Transportation Production workers1 All employees Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p 9.0 654.1 62.8 9.0 648.5 64.0 8.9 638.1 63.4 8.7 20.5 76.5 485.6 20.6 78.1 483.6 20.4 74.6 480.6 20.2 73.7 472.1 134.1 116.7 12.0 67.9 28.4 24.5 8.5 12.7 117.1 11.7 69.6 29.7 24.9 8.2 12.1 113.3 12.2 65.1 27.4 23.9 8.6 12.1 111.4 12.1 64.3 27.2 23.9 8.5 11.3 111.0 5,789 5,801 4,755 4,648 4,924 4,824 4,843 3,664 3,582 3,592 839.7 85.0 11.0 837.2 84.0 11.0 834.1 86.0 11.0 823.7 86.2 10.8 27.5 99.8 27.1 26.9 616.5 27.6 101.6 613.0 97.6 612.4 96.6 603.2 140.7 14.3 79.6 34.9 27.6 11.7 16.1 141.5 14.0 81.7 36.9 28.0 11.4 15.7 136.9 14.6 76.6 33.6 27.1 11.7 15.2 134.7 14.5 75.6 33.4 26.9 11.6 14.3 5,705 5,590 5,881 3,514 3,387 821.0 655.5 63.8 Railroad transportation Class I railroads2 40 4011 294.8 251.6 290.6 249.9 289.7 245.8 284.4 240.9 Local and interurban passenger transit Local and suburban transportation Taxicabs Intercity highway transportation School buses 41 331.3 130.3 35.1 353.3 135.6 35.2 353.0 135.0 35.0 302.9 117.3 302.9 112.0 322.8 121.3 323.2 120.9 29.6 29.4 123.2 26.6 26.6 25.8 26.0 121.8 Trucking and warehousing Trucking and trucking terminals Public warehousing 42 421,3 422 Water transportation Local water transportation Water transportation services 44 445 446 176.0 30.5 95.4 168.4 26.3 92.9 169.1 30.8 88.7 165.7 28.5 87.8 Transportation by air Air transportation Air transportation services 45 451,2 458 691.8 595.0 96.8 666.5 574.3 92.2 746.7 645.0 101.7 752.6 648.7 103.9 Pipe lines, except natural gas 46 18.8 18.4 19.1 19.0 Transportation services Freight forwarding 47 471 341.6 76.1 326.7 73.4 351.5 78.7 352.8 77.9 413 29.7 329.6 123.5 36.3 29.5 415 105.3 112.7 411 412 Communication and public utilities Communication Telephone communication Radio and television broadcasting Radio broadcasting Television broadcasting 48 481 483 4832 4833 49 Electric, gas, and sanitary services Electric services Gas production and distribution Combination utility services Sanitary services 491 492 493 495 Wholesale trade Durable goods Motor vehicles and automotive equipment Automobiles and other motor vehicles Automotive parts and supplies See footnotes at end of table. 50 , 50 501 5012 5013 Feb. 1990p 1,659.9 1,587.1 1,735.0 1,654.6 1,537.7 1,469.0 1,609.2 1,531.6 123.0 125.8 118.1 122.2 2,207 2,217 2,190 2,203 1,254.0 1,275.9 1,278.6 1,270.6 857.6 887.3 874.4 866.7 248.2 247.3 244.9 241.3 120.3 122.9 123.4 121.9 121.0 124.4 124.8 123.0 637.1 1,449.5 1,379.3 1,520.0 1,438.8 1,346.9 1,279.6 1,414.7 1,336.2 102.6 99.7 105.3 102.6 13.5 12.9 13.8 13.7 950.7 629.9 202.3 968.1 654.3 198.8 980.2 653.5 204.9 973.3 647.8 204.2 739.5 344.0 131.4 157.3 83.9 732.1 343.3 129.6 157.4 79.7 739.7 342.4 131.6 155.8 86.9 740.2 343.5 131.0 156.0 87.1 2,209 936.3 449.3 167.2 193.5 96.8 927.5 449.9 164.8 192.4 91.8 937.9 446.6 168.4 192.8 100.7 936.7 446.4 167.7 193.1 100.4 6,234 6,095 6,314 6,281 6,269 5,017 4,898 5,071 5,043 3,696 437.0 123.3 282.8 3,617 434.6 122.3 282.1 3,746 436.5 123.3 282.0 3,735 433.7 122.4 280.5 3,733 2,952 353.1 2,886 349.4 2,986 353.0 2,977 349.9 5,034 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry Wholesale trade—Continued Durable goods—Continued Furniture and home furnishings Furniture Home furnishings Lumber and construction materials Lumber, plywood, and millwork Construction materials, nee Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods Metals and minerals, except petroleum Electrical goods Electrical apparatus and equipment Electrical appliances, TV and radios Electronic parts and equipment Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment Hardware Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies .... Machinery, equipment, and supplies Commercial machines and equipment Construction and mining machinery Farm machinery and equipment Industrial machinery and equipment Industrial supplies Professional equipment and supplies Miscellaneous durable goods Scrap and waste materials Nondurable goods Paper and paper products Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries Apparel, piece goods, and notions Groceries and related products Groceries, general line Meats and meat products Fresh fruits and vegetables Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and petroleum products Petroleum bulk stations and terminals Petroleum products, nee Beer, wine, and distilled beverages Beer and ale Wines and distilled beverages Miscellaneous nondurable goods Farm supplies 1972 SIC Code 502 5021 5023 503 5031 5039 504 505 506 5063 5064 5065 507 5072 5074 508 5081 5082 5083 5084 5085 5086 509 5093 51 511 512 513 514 5141 5147 5148 516 517 5171 5172 518 5181 5182 519 5191 Retail trade Production workers1 All employees Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p 156.2 157.9 154.4 156.1 71.6 71.7 70.7 72.1 84.6 83.7 86.2 8".O 238.0 226.7 242.3 237.3 124.8 126.2 119.1 123.2 113.2 116.1 107.6 114.2 99.2 102.2 92.1 97.5 144.4 143.9 143.5 145.0 514.4 544.3 544.2 527.8 277.4 269.7 288.6 289.1 69.8 70.3 67.6 68.9 185.3 185.4 177.1 181.4 282.9 281.0 281.3 280.8 94.9 95.5 97.6 97.1 116.5 117.1 115.5 117.0 1,574.0 1,539.7 1,596.4 1,599.2 553.0 564.8 564.5 559.2 87.1 87.6 83.0 86.0 124.0 124.0 117.1 123.6 357.9 339.3 356.5 348.9 150.7 150.0 142.0 146.6 181.0 179.7 181.2 177.9 241.3 239.4 230.9 238.0 112.6 113.2 108.2 112.2 2,539 228.3 188.5 201.0 837.9 273.6 66.9 102.9 129.6 207.8 87.5 120.3 154.0 97.9 56.1 469.3 159.1 19,575 769.8 426.8 167.6 2,478 223.3 185.5 192.1 824.9 268.5 67.1 102.6 127.5 203.5 85.1 118.4 150.6 94.8 55.8 448.0 148.2 2,568 230.7 192.5 205.7 846.5 279.3 67.5 101.9 128.9 208.7 87.9 120.8 156.3 98.1 58.2 476.3 158.2 19,108 20,349 2,546 231.0 191.0 203.1 838.1 278.9 67.0 98.4 130.1 207.6 87.4 120.2 153.6 96.8 56.8 472.6 158.8 Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 126.2 _ 194.3 _ _ 78.1 115.0 402.5 124.6 _ _ 184.7 _ _ 73.4 114.1 395.7 127.6 _ 197.7 _ 82.1 113.7 413.4 79.1 114.3 413.5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 229.2 227.4 226.8 _ - _ _ _ _ 2,536 _ - 2,066 183.7 158.2 155.5 705.5 2,012 180.7 156.8 148.2 691.3 2,085 184.1 161.1 159.3 712.5 2,066 184.6 158.8 157.5 703.9 _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 93.9 163.3 91.9 159.8 _ 93.8 163.7 95.1 164.0 _ _ _ 126.0 122.7 127.5 125.3 _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ 379.8 361.7 383.1 379.5 Feb. 1990p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ - - - 740.4 411.7 168.2 _ _ 194.2 _ _ - 52 521 525 General merchandise stores Department stores Variety stores Misc. general merchandise stores 53 531 533 539 2,483.4 2,537.4 2,769.1 2,558.4 2,425.1 2,302.3 2,342.7 2,594.8 2,385.9 2,056.2 2,104.8 2,293.8 2,131.7 1,917.5 1,953.8 2,162.5 2,001.0 222.4 233.5 216.8 211.1 242.6 252.0 229.5 235.8 191.4 190.0 223.3 197.2 168.0 166.5 198.8 173.8 - Food stores Grocery stores Meat markets and freezer provisioners Dairy products stores Retail bakeries 54 3,269.5 3,183.1 3,410.7 3,348.8 3,328.4 3,009.8 2,934.2 3,140.9 3,081.1 2,674.4 2,618.1 2,770.0 2,747.0 2,889.1 2,825.4 2,992.2 2,969.2 _ _ 57.1 58.6 55.7 60.6 _ _ _ _ 28.9 37.5 28.1 33.0 177.2 177.6 172.9 183.0 159.5 156.5 164.5 159.0 - Automotive dealers and service stations New and used car dealers Auto and home supply stores Gasoline service stations 541 542 545 546 55 551,2 553 554 764.7 420.7 172.4 - 637.1 359.6 138.5 605.2 347.3 132.8 632.9 354.0 142.4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 17,276 17,060 Building materials and garden supplies Lumber and other building materials Hardware stores 737.5 415.7 160.5 Feb. 1990p 125.6 225.6 _ _ 1,261.4 1,231.5 1,277.3 1,282.3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 191.9 185.3 194.7 192.9 - 19,534 19,332 17,326 16,894 18,067 _ _ Jan. 1990p 611.5 345.9 138.9 2,157.1 2,117.1 2,152.3 2,141.5 2,141.7 1,801.1 1,766.3 1,790.0 1,779.6 1,044.2 1,044.6 1,030.7 1,026.3 866.4 866.6 852.9 848.7 _ 354.9 339.6 362.7 359.9 285.0 272.0 290.6 287.6 642.1 631.2 644.8 641.3 557.2 547.6 557.4 554.0 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - See footnotes at end of table. 51 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry Retail trade—Continued Apparel and accessory stores Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings .. Women's ready-to-wear stores Family clothing stores Shoe stores 1972 SIC Code 56 561 562 565 566 Production workers1 All employees Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p 821.4 476.0 291.9 76.2 269.2 186.6 82.6 665.5 385.4 666.2 382.6 697.9 398.3 675.9 388.2 64.7 215.4 68.6 215.0 64.3 235.3 63.9 223.8 Furniture and home furnishings stores Furniture and home furnishings stores Furniture stores Household appliance stores Radio, television, and music stores Radio and television stores Music stores 57 571 5712 572 573 5732 5733 Eating and drinking places 58 6,369.9 6,018.3 6,393.8 6,148.5 6,195.6 5,788.6 5,459.9 5,799.4 5,563.9 Miscellaneous retail Drug stores and proprietary stores Liquor stores Miscellaneous shopping goods stores Sporting goods and bicycle shops Book stores Stationery stores Jewelry stores Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops Sewing, needlework, and piece goods .... Nonstore retailers Mail order houses Merchandising machine operators Fuel and ice dealers Retail stores, nee 59 591 592 594 5941 5942 5943 5944 5947 5949 596 5961 5962 598 599 2,521.7 2,499.6 2,720.0 2,568.6 608.0 603.5 632.8 620.6 124.9 124.8 123.0 130.2 905.4 906.9 1,038.2 941.4 164.0 170.3 162.2 179.4 100.9 91.3 99.5 91.9 84.5 87.6 88.0 85.4 166.6 168.5 182.9 163.5 180.8 210.2 189.1 191.8 67.4 66.3 65.5 64.8 255.0 266.0 272.4 270.8 138.6 137.6 127.1 131.8 85.9 84.4 85.2 85.8 120.4 125.5 124.1 118.2 391.7 433.8 411.9 413.6 Finance, insurance, and real estate3 Finance 811.2 473.3 291.4 77.7 260.1 181.3 78.8 842.4 485.8 296.6 77.0 279.6 191.9 87.7 6,685 6,867 6,835 6,847 3,329 3,299 3,357 3,348 3,351 Credit agencies other than banks Savings and loan associations Federal savings and loan associations . State associations, insured Personal credit institutions Business credit institutions Mortgage bankers and brokers 61 612 6122 6123 614 615 616 907.5 402.8 233.0 164.6 266.7 67.1 148.8 905.3 404.0 233.1 165.6 262.7 63.1 152.9 912.1 400.2 232.1 163.0 270.7 71.3 148.5 909.3 397.2 230.1 162.1 270.9 70.9 149.0 Security, commodity brokers, and services Security brokers and dealers 62 621 435.2 336.5 439.3 342.6 433.0 330.3 429.9 327.8 Holding and other investment offices 67 212.0 205.6 216.6 212.9 2,128 2,105 2,144 2,150 Insurance carriers Life insurance Medical service and health insurance Fire, marine, and casualty insurance Title insurance 63 631 632 633 636 Insurance agents, brokers, and service 64 See footnotes at end of table. 52 1,468.0 1,451.5 1,478.8 1,485.7 576.0 576.2 574.7 577.6 226.7 233.5 239.1 240.9 546.1 539.5 549.3 550.5 62.5 58.1 59.3 61.9 659.8 653.8 664.9 664.4 757.5 762.7 886.6 789.1 235.9 242.9 240.5 225.9 98.5 339.1 100.8 317.4 104.4 359.1 105.7 337.7 4,938 4,831 4,985 4,957 1,263.0 1,246.3 1,278.5 1,276.8 1,116.9 1,107.8 1,124.4 1,121.2 1,774.3 1,748.8 1,795.7 1,796.1 1,572.8 1,559.1 1,582.3 1,579.9 315.3 314.6 316.6 316.4 367.3 363.2 368.8 369.1 80.5 79.9 79.5 80.1 60 602 6022 6023,4 603 Insurance 2,118.2 2,104.3 2,308.9 2,160.8 537.4 527.0 512.6 515.3 6,814 Banking Commercial and stock savings banks State banks, Federal Reserve State banks, not Federal Reserve Mutual savings banks Feb. 1990p 1,003.0 1,014.8 1,101.8 1,017.3 97.7 86.9 87.9 90.3 375.8 350.3 356.0 345.4 280.2 253.5 243.3 247.9 196.1 205.4 192.6 189.5 1,191.9 1,202.7 1,295.8 1,206.2 109.1 111.0 107.8 119.4 418.5 423.1 446.6 414.1 290.5 28H.8 285.0 319.3 231.6 228.0 244.4 234.3 812.1 469.5 289.2 82.0 260.6 182.8 77.8 Avg. 1989 680.3 305.5 675.8 305.5 689.0 304.9 687.2 302.1 207.4 204.2 210.8 210.9 977.6 347.9 188.2 355.6 967.0 344.5 183.3 356.5 988.3 354.2 191.5 353.4 992.9 354.6 193.1 355.1 2,157 4,965 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry 1972 SIC Code Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued Real estate, and combined real estate, insurance, etc .... Avg. 1989 1,357 Real estate Real estate operators and lessors Real estate agents and managers Subdividers and developers 65 651 653 655 Combined real estate, insurance, etc 66 Services Production workers1 All employees Jan. 1989 1,281 Dec. 1989 1,366 Jan. 1990p 1,337 Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990" 1,339 1,348.0 1,272.4 1,357.5 1,328.5 552.7 587.1 599.1 581.3 550.6 529.1 553.4 546.4 159.3 177.8 171.6 167.5 9.0 9.0 8.8 8.8 26,892 25,843 27,309 27,068 27,405 23,479 22,548 23,818 23,536 23,872 Hotels and other lodging places Hotels, motels, and tourist courts 70 701 1,603.4 1,505.0 1,551.7 1,527.5 1,548.9 1,468.3 1,508.1 1,483.9 Personal services Laundry, cleaning, and garment services Photographic studios, portrait Beauty shops Funeral service and crematories 72 721 722 723 726 1,196.1 1,196.1 1,209.1 1,246.3 411.8 410.3 414.9 411.3 59.8 58.7 55.4 65.9 369.5 366.2 375.9 371.7 81.3 80.2 82.6 83.2 Business services Advertising Advertising agencies Credit reporting and collection Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic Services to buildings Personnel supply services Employment agencies Temporary help supply services Computer and data processing services Computer programming and software Data processing services 73 731 7311 732 733 734 736 7361 7362 737 7372 7374 5,788.7 5,612.3 5,881.2 5,786.4 5,801.8 4,934.2 4,787.9 5,006.4 4,903.9 256.4 249.8 259.9 258.0 189.4 183.8 190.8 188.0 185.9 180.8 187.5 186.3 95.3 92.6 95.8 95.2 245.1 231.4 264.9 263.2 807.6 789.2 804.3 801.3 731.3 715.6 727.0 724.6 1,351.2 1,314.2 1,354.3 1,284.9 216.3 213.5 216.3 207.3 1,031.5 996.8 1,034.6 975.3 763.4 727.7 799.0 803.8 592.4 565.4 620.3 622.9 353.3 333.4 373.1 375.5 285.0 273.6 296.2 298.3 739 7391 7392 7393 7394 7395 2,256.5 2,194.7 2,289.6 2,266.2 218.7 215.6 219.8 219.5 551.3 535.0 559.2 555.0 476.6 465.6 482.8 476.3 275.0 263.2 278.9 273.7 83.1 81.7 82.0 86.4 Miscellaneous business services Research development laboratories, nee Management and public relations Detective and protective services Equipment rental and leasing Photofinishing laboratories Feb. 1990p Auto repair, services, and garages Automotive rentals, without drivers Automotive repair shops 75 751 753 898.7 184.6 520.5 865.9 173.2 501.5 913.4 190.6 529.3 924.2 193.5 532.4 Miscellaneous repair services Electrical repair shops 76 762 359.9 122.1 350.3 115.4 365.8 128.0 Motion pictures Motion picture production and services Motion picture theaters 78 781 783 265.2 139.3 108.4 245.5 126.5 101.8 Amusement and recreation services 79 975.6 Health services Offices of physicians Offices of dentists Nursing and personal care facilities Skilled nursing care facilities Nursing and personal care, nee Hospitals General medical and surgical hospitals Psychiatric hospitals Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric Medical and dental laboratories Outpatient care facilities 80 801 802 805 8051 8059 806 8062 8063 8069 807 808 7,635.3 1,206.8 511.6 1,384.2 958.6 425.7 3,490.7 3,229.7 96.3 164.7 170.5 317.3 1,377.0 1,301.8 1,336.9 1,310.4 365.8 364.2 366.4 364.7 329.6 326.2 336.4 331.3 740.2 714.3 752.4 761.4 426.3 412.3 433.7 434.7 363.2 128.3 294.5 284.6 300.5 297.3 268.4 144.2 106.9 264.4 141.2 106.0 224.2 113.4 205.9 101.4 225.3 116.4 221.3 113.7 824.8 899.8 859.8 851.1 709.6 778.3 736.7 7,377.4 1,161.2 495.3 1,344.4 930.5 413.9 3,396.2 3,141.8 94.1 160.3 159.3 290.6 7,875.8 1,252.4 521.1 1,421.3 984.8 436.5 3,576.7 3,312.2 96.8 167.7 180.9 345.2 7,910.8 7,966.1 6,784.0 6,557.3 1,259.8 986.6 952.7 522.7 447.1 434.3 1,424.3 1,250.8 1,214.6 985.6 438.7 3,594.7 3,192.5 3,104.3 3,330.5 96.1 168.1 181.0 350.0 6,993.6 7,016.8 1,020.0 1,022.6 456.2 457.6 1,283.2 1,285.1 3,270.9 3,287.0 See footnotes at end of table. 53 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued (In thousands) Industry Services—Continued Legal services 1972 SIC Code 81 Production workers1 All employees Avg. 1989 896.3 Jan. 1989 868.9 Dec. 1989 915.1 Jan. 1990p 917.7 Educational services Elementary and secondary schools Colleges and universities Correspondence and vocational schools 82 821 822 824 1,628.8 1,580.8 1,741.3 1,627.0 39^.1 405.2 411.6 411.4 990.9 953.5 1,083.6 975.9 105.1 101.1 108.3 103.2 Social services Individual and family services Job training and related services Residential care 83 832 833 836 1,736.9 1,666.2 1,807.5 1,805.9 353.1 341.6 361.9 359.2 244.2 234.1 242.6 241.3 426.4 406.9 444.7 447.0 Museums, botanical and zoological gardens 84 Membership organizations Business associations Labor organizations Civic and social associations 86 861 863 864 1,761.6 1,716.1 1,762.3 1,740.0 99.4 100.7 99.4 100.4 134.7 131.8 131.8 136.7 405.9 369.6 405.2 389.0 Miscellaneous services Engineering and architectural services Noncommercial research organizations Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping 89 891 892 893 1,459.3 1,426.6 1,474.4 1,484.3 756.1 733.8 765.1 761.1 146.5 137.9 151.6 150.4 520.4 521.4 517.7 533.4 52.5 17,727 Government 4 2,988 Federal Government 4 State government Hospitals Education General administration, including executive, legislative, and judicial functions Local government Transportation and public utilities Hospitals Education General administration, including executive, legislative, and judicial functions 744.7 Jan. 1989 725.2 Dec. 1989 756.1 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p 757.5 48.4 1,164.9 1,139.9 1,173.5 1,169.0 625.2 606.2 632.3 627.9 396.7 399.5 392.8 404.8 17,535 18,184 17,899 18,232 2,960 2,974 2,974 3731 124.3 74.2 123.2 74.2 124.8 73.8 124.5 74.0 806 38.7 436.2 249.9 38.2 432.6 248.0 39.2 437.6 251.9 38.9 436.0 251.7 4,124 4,047 4,243 448.6 451.1 452.4 1,628.4 1,590.1 1,733.7 1,619.6 4,134 806 82 2,975 4,254 449.4 1,521.8 1,484.4 1,527.9 1,522.4 806 82 10,606 10,528 10,967 10,801 11,003 495.9 492.5 495.3 496.0 649.4 633.7 666.2 668.5 5,862.3 5,961.0 6,236.8 6,099.9 3,243.3 3,113.6 3,227.9 3,199.6 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of $50,000,000 or more. 3 Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the nonsupervisory count for all series in this division. 4 Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to 54 50.7 Avg. 1989 2,928.2 2,900.9 2,915.4 973.4 958.6 976.4 832.2 837.4 831.4 1,122.7 1,104.9 1,107.6 37.9 37.6 37.3 21.4 21.1 21.7 Executive, by agency Department of Defense Postal Service5 Other executive agencies Legislative Judicial Federal government, by industry: Manufacturing activities Shipbuilding and repairing Transportation and public utilities, except Postal Service Services Hospitals 48.4 Feb. 1990p civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency. 5 Includes rural mail carriers. - Data not available. p = preliminary. NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1988 forward are subject to revision. ESTABLISHMENT DATA WOMEN EMPLOYEES NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group (In thousands) Avg. 1989 Dec. 1988 Oct. 1989 Nov. 1989 Dec. 1989 50,863 50,712 51,600 52,017 52,234 '1,681 41,455 42,150 42,453 42,704 7,153 7,123 7,202 7,184 7,141 98 97 98 97 98 577 560 593 588 585 6,478 6,466 6,511 6,499 6,458 Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products , Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Instruments and related products ... Miscellaneous manufacturing 3,095 125 166 123 107 325 473 848 408 339 182 3,115 125 167 123 107 329 469 873 407 336 179 3,089 124 164 124 106 324 470 842 407 340 188 3,089 123 166 124 106 323 473 839 410 340 186 3,076 123 165 123 106 321 474 831 414 340 181 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products .. Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 3,383 543 18 352 668 172 706 324 26 291 83 3,351 529 20 350 869 171 695 315 25 293 84 3,422 573 19 353 867 173 708 327 27 292 84 3,410 559 18 352 865 174 715 327 26 291 82 3,382 544 18 348 858 173 717 330 26 289 80 43,709 43,589 44,398 44,833 45,093 Transportation and public utilities.... 1,637 1,631 1,655 1,661 1,699 Wholesale trade 1,892 1,857 1,922 1,932 1,934 10,387 10,713 10,480 10,709 10,909 4,278 4,222 4,295 4,310 4,330 16,334 15,909 16,596 16,657 16,691 9,182 1,066 2,037 6,078 9,257 1,062 2,061 6,134 9,450 1,059 2,098 6,293 9,564 1,060 2,116 6,388 9,530 1,060 2,091 6,379 Industry Total Total private Goods-producing Mining Construction Manufacturing Service-producing Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate . Services Government Federal State Local NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1988 forward are subject to revision. 55 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-4. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) 1989 1990 Industry Total Total private Goods-producing Mining Oil and gas extraction Construction Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July 107,711 107,888 108,101 108,310 108,607 108,767 108,887 109,096 90,124 90,291 90,475 90,623 90,884 91,016 91,083 91,230 25,629 25,646 25,671 25,672 25,648 25,669 25,694 711 394 714 397 720 400 712 401 715 402 706 404 729 405 5,270 1,398 5,252 1,380 5,279 1,377 5,283 1,388 5,283 1,384 5,314 1,391 19,648 19,680 19,672 19,667 19,650 11,594 778 534 608 786 276 1,458 2,138 2,062 2,067 871 772 391 11,604 777 535 607 788 276 1,457 2,143 2,060 2,071 869 776 390 11,600 772 537 606 788 275 1,454 2,144 2,058 2,073 875 777 391 11,594 771 534 604 787 276 1,452 2,150 2,050 2,076 876 778 392 11,567 769 534 603 787 276 1,449 2,151 2,041 2,062 861 779 392 8,054 1,650 56 728 1,096 696 1,595 1,085 161 843 144 8,076 1,655 56 729 1,101 697 1,600 1,088 161 845 144 8,072 1,657 54 728 1,098 696 1,601 1,090 162 843 143 8,073 1,656 53 728 1,095 697 1,603 1,094 162 843 142 Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.P Feb.P 109,452 109,570 109,902 110,274 91,328 91,622 91,699 91,991 92,335 25,614 25,603 25,609 25,532 25,513 25,664 730 408 731 409 737 414 739 416 746 419 747 420 5,321 1,403 5,325 1,396 5,335 1,386 5,355 1,391 5,304 1,388 5,408 1,423 5,468 1,435 19,649 19,644 19,559 19,537 19,517 19,489 19,359 19,449 11,549 767 536 602 785 277 1,446 2,154 2,040 2,046 844 781 392 11,551 763 529 601 786 276 1,443 2,152 2,034 2,068 873 782 393 11,480 759 528 597 777 273 1,438 2,147 2,023 2,038 843 780 393 11,457 764 525 600 776 271 1,434 2,139 2,018 2,031 833 779 391 11,439 765 525 602 772 269 1,430 2,146 2,012 2,020 824 778 389 11,409 765 523 600 771 270 1,426 2,145 1,992 2,022 825 774 391 11,288 770 522 601 766 270 1,406 2,141 1,989 1,923 728 776 394 11,394 765 522 603 770 269 1,416 2,137 1,989 2,023 825 777 392 8,083 1,663 52 729 1,093 697 1,607 1,096 163 841 142 8,100 1,678 53 730 1,094 701 1,609 1,091 163 841 140 8,093 1,667 52 727 1,095 700 1,611 1,097 163 841 140 8,079 1,674 51 723 1,088 697 1,612 1,095 163 837 139 8,080 1,676 51 724 1,084 697 1,612 1,096 164 837 139 8,078 1,673 51 721 1,084 697 1,617 1,098 164 835 138 8,080 1,676 51 719 1,081 697 1,621 1,103 163 832 137 8,071 1,680 51 719 1,073 695 1,624 1,104 163 826 136 8,055 1,679 51 714 1,063 694 1,627 1,107 164 821 135 109,171 General building contractors Manufacturing Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 82,082 82,242 82,430 82,638 82,959 83,098 83,193 83,482 83,568 83,843 84,038 84,389 84,610 Transportation and public utilities Transportation Communication and public utilities 5,667 3,453 2,214 5,666 3,452 2,214 5,682 3,467 2,215 5,700 3,484 2,216 5,716 3,500 2,216 5,736 3,524 2,212 5,618 3,539 2,079 5,709 3,546 2,163 5,729 3,566 2,163 5,753 3,592 2,161 5,834 3,613 2,221 5,855 3,637 2,218 5,876 3,654 2,222 Wholesale trade Durable goods Nondurable goods 6,171 3,657 2,514 6,197 3,676 2,521 6,206 3,676 2,530 6,222 3,685 2,537 6,230 3,693 2,537 6,237 3,700 2,537 6,256 3,708 2,548 6,264 3,717 2,547 6,278 3,721 2,557 6,300 3,737 2,563 6,311 3,746 2,565 6,331 3,754 2,577 6,325 3,756 2,569 19,460 2,481 3,212 2,150 6,332 19,488 2,490 3,223 2,155 6,322 19,489 2,492 3,233 2,159 6,335 19,528 2,491 3,245 2,159 6,348 19,551 2,493 3,262 2,155 6,362 19,586 2,482 3,274 2,155 6,370 19,621 2,484 3,293 2,152 6,385 19,632 2,486 3,294 2,157 6,397 19,679 2,478 3,321 2,169 6,403 19,744 2,492 3,334 2,169 6,417 19,718 2,470 3,341 2,163 6,432 19,831 2,491 3,366 2,168 6,459 19,848 2,498 3,362 2,172 6,467 6,763 3,311 2,116 1,336 6,774 3,316 2,117 1,341 6,776 3,312 2,119 1,345 6,790 3,320 2,123 1,347 6,808 3,320 2,129 1,359 6,815 3,324 2,131 1,360 6,836 3,336 2,137 1,363 6,852 3,343 2,137 1,372 6,851 3,345 2,134 1,372 6,871 3,357 2,138 1,376 6,885 3,360 2,144 1,381 6,897 3,355 2,154 1,388 6,912 3,361 2,159 1,392 Services Business services Health services 26,434 5,729 7,442 26,520 5,736 7,488 26,651 5,760 7,528 26,711 5,776 7,570 26,931 5,799 7,616 26,973 5,786 7,648 27,058 5,800 7,695 27,159 5,836 7,739 27,188 5,827 7,778 27,345 5,852 7,839 27,419 5,852 7,884 27,564 5,886 7,935 27,710 5,902 7,982 Government Federal State Local 17,587 2,982 4,095 10,510 17,597 2,982 4,102 10,513 17,626 2,982 4,111 10,533 17,687 2,999 4,119 10,569 17,723 2,995 4,136 10,592 17,751 3,000 4,145 10,606 17,804 2,999 4,154 10,651 17,866 2,996 4,182 10,688 17,843 2,984 4,153 10,706 17,830 2,982 4,162 10,686 17,871 2,974 4,156 10,741 17,911 2,992 4,161 10,758 17,939 2,990 4,162 10,787 Service-producing Retail trade General merchandise stores Food stores Automotive dealers and service stations Eating and drinking places Finance, insurance, and real estate Finance Insurance Real estate P = preliminary. NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 56 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1985 forward are subject to revision. ESTABLISHMENT DATA WOMEN EMPLOYEES SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-5. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) 1989 1988 Industry Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 49,963 50,130 50,302 50,414 50,515 50,670 50,894 51,023 51,124 51,247 51,212 51,375 51,476 Total 40,943 41,093 41,239 41,340 41,418 41,530 41,717 41,794 41,832 41,950 41,957 42,125 42,191 Total private 7,112 7,141 7,152 7,159 7,161 7,166 7,165 7,176 7,167 7,147 7,142 7,138 7,130 97 97 97 97 97 97 99 98 99 98 98 97 98 561 566 571 571 573 577 577 577 580 581 586 584 587 6,454 6,478 6,484 6,491 6,491 6,492 6,489 6,501 6,488 6,468 6,458 6,457 6,445 Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Instruments and related products... Miscellaneous manufacturing 3,103 127 165 123 107 327 469 866 405 335 179 3,113 127 166 123 108 330 471 864 407 337 180 3,111 127 166 123 107 329 471 863 407 337 181 3,109 127 167 123 108 328 471 860 408 337 180 3,111 126 167 124 108 327 471 859 409 338 182 3,108 126 167 124 108 327 472 853 410 339 182 3,103 125 167 123 108 326 474 850 409 338 183 3,103 124 169 123 107 327 475 847 407 341 183 3,099 124 165 123 108 325 475 846 410 340 183 3,084 123 165 122 107 324 474 840 406 340 183 3,072 123 163 123 106 322 472 835 407 340 181 3,071 123 165 124 106 321 473 832 408 339 180 3,064 124 163 123 106 319 473 825 411 338 182 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products . Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 3,351 532 3,365 536 18 352 871 171 697 318 3,373 537 19 352 874 171 698 319 3,382 537 19 354 877 171 700 321 3,380 537 18 353 875 171 702 322 3,384 537 17 353 873 171 706 325 3,386 540 17 353 871 172 708 325 3,398 551 18 353 870 173 709 324 3,389 540 18 352 869 174 710 326 3,384 549 17 350 863 172 708 326 3,386 548 17 350 860 172 713 328 3,381 546 17 348 858 172 715 331 0 0 O 0 0 O O 3,386 548 17 352 860 173 709 327 (1) 291 82 Goods-producing Mining Construction Manufacturing Service-producing , Transportation and public utilities .... Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate . Services Government Federal State Local 19 350 869 171 692 316 O 292 84 42,851 1,621 1,845 10,238 4,222 15,905 9,020 1,065 2,013 5,942 292 292 84 85 42,989 43,150 1,626 1,630 1,854 1,862 10,287 10,318 4,227 4,242 15,958 16,035 9,037 9,063 1,063 1,064 2,012 2,017 5,962 5,982 1 This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. 293 84 43,255 1,629 1,866 10,336 4,249 16,101 9,074 1,064 2,020 5,990 292 292 84 84 43,354 43,504 1,628 1,635 1,876 1,888 10,337 10,373 4,247 4,257 16,169 16,211 9,097 9,140 1,064 1,070 2,023 2,034 6,010 6,036 291 83 43,729 1,645 1,893 10,387 4,271 16,356 9,177 1,070 2,043 6,064 0 292 82 43,847 1,652 1,899 10,407 4,278 16,382 9,229 1,071 2,048 6,110 292 82 O 291 82 O 290 81 0 287 80 43,957 44,100 44,070 44,237 44,346 1,585 1,633 1,642 1,651 1,689 1,905 1,907 1,907 1,919 1,922 10,444 10,438 10,428 10,458 10,429 4,292 4,310 4,308 4,319 4,330 16,439 16,515 16,530 16,640 16,691 9,292 1,070 2,050 6,172 9,297 1,067 2,063 6,167 9,255 1,064 2,045 6,146 9,250 1,064 2,050 6,136 9,285 1,062 2,042 6,181 NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1985 forward are subject to revision. 57 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers seasonally adjusted 1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, (In thousands) 1989 1990 Industry Feb. Total private Goods-producing Mining Construction Manufacturing Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec, Jan.p Feb.p 72,949 73,101 73,204 73,315 73,555 73,670 73,741 73,837 73,897 74,174 74,224 74,470 74,752 18,048 18,052 18,053 18,058 510 514 519 4,112 4,096 4,104 18,022 18,047 18,071 17,987 521 511 4,111 4,111 17,978 503 525 525 527 4,134 4,145 4,143 4,144 13,426 13,442 13,430 13,426 13,400 13,410 13,401 13,319 17,975 17,908 17,903 530 531 538 538 4,169 4,115 4,232 4,266 13,262 13,133 13,227 13,307 13,276 18,031 Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 7,749 648 427 474 602 215 1,087 1,298 1,218 1,286 677 425 284 7,749 646 428 472 603 213 1,086 1,298 1,214 1,292 675 427 283 7,744 642 428 471 603 211 1,080 1,298 1,213 1,297 680 428 284 7,735 641 427 469 601 210 1,079 1,302 1,205 1,297 681 430 284 7,706 638 426 468 602 211 1,074 1,303 1,198 1,284 667 429 284 7,697 636 427 468 601 211 1,073 1,309 1,199 1,270 650 431 283 7,696 633 421 467 600 214 1,069 1,304 1,195 1,291 677 430 286 7,632 629 420 463 593 212 1,062 1,299 1,189 1,262 648 431 284 7,615 633 418 466 590 209 1,061 1,293 1,184 1,255 638 431 284 7,594 633 417 467 586 207 1,056 1,300 1,181 1,243 629 429 282 7,579 632 415 465 587 209 1,055 1,299 1,170 1,244 631 427 285 7,458 636 414 467 581 208 1,035 1,299 1,169 1,139 534 430 288 7,571 632 414 467 587 207 1,047 1,298 1,170 1,238 634 432 286 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 5,677 1,177 41 630 926 524 888 608 105 659 119 5,693 1,182 41 630 930 525 891 610 105 660 119 5,686 1,184 40 630 927 524 889 609 105 660 118 5,691 1,184 38 630 925 525 891 614 106 660 118 5,694 1,190 38 630 922 525 892 616 107 656 118 5,713 1,205 39 631 922 528 893 614 107 657 117 5,705 1,197 39 627 922 528 894 617 107 658 116 5,687 1,203 38 623 917 524 892 614 107 653 116 5,692 1,205 38 625 914 526 892 617 107 653 115 5,682 1,200 38 622 913 526 896 617 107 649 114 5,683 1,201 38 621 912 526 900 619 106 647 113 5,675 1,209 38 619 904 524 902 619 106 641 113 5,656 1,205 38 615 895 523 907 618 107 636 112 Service-producing 54,901 55,049 55,151 55,257 55,533 55,623 55,670 55,850 55,919 56,199 56,316 56,567 56,721 Transportation and public utilities 4,718 4,718 4,735 Wholesale trade 4,970 4,990 4,996 5,007 17,244 17,235 17,280 4,902 4,918 Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services 17,215 4,893 4,900 4,763 4,779 4,665 4,758 5,016 5,021 5,038 5,037 5,053 5,066 17,388 17,391 17,383 17,490 4,972 4,985 17,317 17,338 4,933 4,944 23,105 23,197 23,283 23,300 23,504 23,541 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 58 4,752 p 4,954 4,969 4,782 4,800 4,880 4,883 5,071 4,912 5,094 5,090 17,456 17,557 17,551 5,017 5,030 4,995 23,625 23,695 23,729 23,858 23,914 24,016 24,138 = preliminary. NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1985 forward are subject to revision. ESTABLISHMENT DATA DIFFUSION INDEXES SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted (Percent) Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. June May July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Private nonagricultural payrolls, 349 industries1 Over 1-month span: 1988 1989 1990 60.7 68.3 P60.3 63.5 60.5 P55.9 63.0 61.0 62.8 58.2 61.3 55.6 67.2 59.7 63.6 55.6 58.0 57.4 55.4 47.9 63.9 55.3 68.2 60.9 64.6 51.9 Over 3-month span: 1988 1989 1990 64.8 71.6 P58.2 65.6 70.1 69.5 64.5 70.2 61.9 71.1 61.6 71.9 60.7 71.2 61.6 64.2 53.4 65.3 54.6 70.1 55.7 73.4 57.2 74.6 P61.7 Over 6-month span: 1988 1989 1990 69.9 75.1 70.2 69.5 71.5 68.2 73.9 66.0 73.9 63.0 69.1 57.9 70.2 57.7 74.6 60.2 73.5 53.4 73.9 P59.0 74.5 P58.2 75.8 Over 12-month span: 1988 1989 1990 76.2 73.2 76.1 73.6 74.8 69.6 74.6 67.6 75.8 66.6 74.9 62.6 78.1 P63.9 75.5 P64.0 75.5 74.8 74.9 74.1 Manufacturing payrolls, 141 industries1 Over 1-month span: 1988 1989 1990 58.5 62.4 P46.5 56.0 53.5 P46.1 55.0 53.2 59.9 49.6 58.5 46.8 61.7 48.6 59.6 49.6 51.1 45.4 49.3 34.8 62.8 52.1 64.9 48.2 58.5 44.7 Over 3-month span: 1988 1989 1990 63.1 67.4 P43.3 61.0 63.8 62.4 55.7 64.9 51.8 67.4 49.3 67.0 48.6 64.5 47.9 58.2 34.0 62.1 41.8 66.7 41.5 71.3 46.5 70.9 P42.9 Over 6-month span: 1988 1989 1990 .. . 66.3 69.5 66.3 58.5 67.7 55.7 69.5 52.8 66.7 48.9 64.2 39.0 66.0 40.1 70.9 41.8 68.8 34.4 69.9 P38.3 71.6 P39.7 74.1 Over 12-month span: 1988 1989 1990 73.8 63.1 70.2 63.8 70.9 57.1 71.6 53.5 72.0 49.6 69.9 42.9 70.9 P43.6 69.1 P42.6 71.6 70.2 69.9 67.0 1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span. p = preliminary. NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data (beginning April 1988) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January 1985) are subject to revision. 59 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry (In thousands) Total Construction Mining State and area Alabama Birmingham Huntsville Mobile Montgomery Tuscaloosa Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P 1,561.7 401.9 128.6 165.3 131.4 61.7 1,603.1 414.9 133.8 171.8 134.2 64.9 1,590.2 411.3 132.2 170.1 132.7 63.9 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 11.6 5.6 (*) (2) (2) Jan. 1990P 11.7 5.4 11.9 5.6 (2) (2) (*) (2) 2.6 t2) Jan. 1989 2.6 ft 2.6 71.2 21.6 4.6 9.3 7.4 3.0 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P 76.7 22.5 4.8 10.1 6.8 3.9 75.9 22.3 4.9 10.1 6.6 3.8 202.2 221.2 212.9 9.2 9.9 9.9 6.6 8.1 7.0 1,431.3 946.7 248.5 1,507.1 995.8 256.8 1,481.7 980.6 251.2 12.3 .8 2.1 12.5 1.0 2.1 12.7 1.0 2.3 84.9 58.5 15.1 83.7 55.8 14.6 82.0 55.3 14.2 860.5 50.9 76.5 237.8 33.1 906.0 54.7 77.6 249.4 34.0 889.0 53.3 77.0 245.7 33.1 4.1 28.7 1.5 2.2 8.7 1.3 33.1 1.6 2.6 9.8 1.5 30.9 1.6 2.5 9.3 1.4 12,256.5 1,163.5 163.9 207.8 4,139.4 107.6 860.1 218.5 658.5 580.4 933.1 939.7 816.9 147.7 128.9 145.2 128.1 12,804.5 1,220.7 170.6 222.9 4,318.0 115.7 913.5 232.0 713.6 615.1 990.1 983.7 835.6 152.1 141.6 152.2 136.2 12,547.7 1,196.1 167.7 219.7 4,235.8 113.7 896.7 224.7 700.9 606.6 975.5 958.6 821.4 149.6 138.6 148.1 134.5 40.2 1.3 13.4 .7 8.7 .1 3.8 2.3 1.3 .6 .8 .6 .2 1.4 .6 .1 .5 41.9 1.4 13.8 .7 9.6 .1 4.1 2.4 1.4 .8 .8 .6 .2 1.4 .7 .1 .7 41.2 1.6 13.7 .7 9.2 .1 4.0 2.3 1.4 .8 .8 .6 .2 1.4 .7 .1 .7 591.1 67.0 10.4 11.0 143.9 7.1 49.3 15.0 58.1 31.5 59.7 32.1 31.3 6.6 8.7 7.7 8.4 663.3 74.2 11.1 13.6 159.9 8.0 56.1 17.5 68.9 37.3 63.3 36.8 33.9 7.1 12.0 8.9 10.2 630.9 70.5 10.9 13.6 154.5 7.4 53.4 17.0 64.2 35.0 61.7 33.4 32.5 6.9 10.4 8.4 9.6 Colorado Boulder-Longmont Denver 1,438.6 109.9 799.1 1,493.1 115.5 827.6 1,467.1 113.4 815.2 19.3 (2) 11.8 20.0 (2) 11.8 19.4 (2) 11.7 51.4 3.3 27.9 55.8 3.9 30.4 54.2 3.7 29.8 Connecticut Bridgeport-Milford Hartford New Britain New Haven-Meriden Stamford Waterbury 1,660.1 198.0 483.8 66.6 256.2 124.0 87.3 1,701.6 201.3 492.1 66.6 260.9 126.8 89.6 1,668.3 196.8 488.6 65.6 254.7 124.1 88.5 1.0 71.4 7.9 18.6 4.3 12.3 5.0 4.0 71.9 8.6 20.7 4.8 11.3 5.0 4.4 65.5 7.8 18.8 3.1 10.5 4.7 3.9 333.8 288.2 346.9 300.0 339.7 295.4 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2 19.4 17.3 19.3 17.6 18.5 16.7 District of Columbia Washington MSA 668.4 2,176.0 693.1 2,269.5 680.9 2,231.9 .1 1.0 .1 1.1 .1 1.1 13.8 141.1 14.2 145.3 13.9 139.5 Florida Daytona Beach Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach Fort Myers-Cape Coral Jacksonville Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay Miami-Hialeah Orlando Pensacola 5,174.0 118.3 501.3 121.9 405.3 155.8 868.4 518.8 125.2 111.3 116.0 850.7 354.4 5,441.6 122.5 520.3 130.7 424.9 163.7 899.0 553.2 129.7 117.0 125.5 883.3 372.7 5,399.2 122.1 520.2 130.1 420.6 162.9 891.2 546.9 128.2 116.8 122.4 880.0 373.6 9.4 337.1 8.2 35.1 13.2 26.6 9.3 39.7 36.7 7.7 10.2 5.6 54.1 28.6 343.0 8.2 35.0 13.3 27.4 9.2 40.5 38.1 8.3 10.4 6.0 54.6 28.3 338.4 8.1 34.7 13.2 27.4 9.2 40.5 37.4 8.3 10.3 6.0 54.1 28.1 Alaska Arizona Phoenix Tucson Arkansas Fayetteville-Springdale Fort Smith Little Rock-North Little Rock Pine Bluff California , Anaheim-Santa Ana Bakersfield Fresno Los Angeles-Long Beach Modesto Oakland Oxnard-Ventura Riverside-San Bernardino Sacramento San Diego San Francisco San Jose Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc Santa Rosa-Petaluma Stockton Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa Delaware Wilmington Sarasota Tallahassee Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach 4.0 (2) 4.2 (2) .9 .4 (2) 1.0 .4 (2) 1.1 (1) (2) 9.2 (1) 9.4 .3 (1) .9 (1) .7 (1) .9 (1) .4 (1) .3 .7 (1) (1) 0 0 (1) .3 .7 .4 (1) (1) .6 .9 O .4 (1) (1) .6 (1) 1.0 .4 (1) (2) (1) (2) (2) (1) (1) (1) i2) 1.3 (1) (2) (1) (2) (2) (1) O (22) () 0 O (2) .6 0) See footnotes at end of table. 61 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Wholesale and retail trade Transportation and public utilities Manufacturing State and area Jan. 1989 Alabama Birmingham Huntsville Mobile Montgomery Tuscaloosa 380.6 57.2 32.8 25.3 19.8 10.2 Dec. 1989 381.1 56.1 33.2 26.4 18.0 10.6 Jan. 1990? 380.7 56.0 33.0 26.3 18.0 10.6 Jan. 1989 80.1 32.2 2.9 10.1 5.1 2.0 Dec. 1989 80.2 32.3 2.9 10.2 5.2 2.1 Jan. 1990P 79.9 32.3 2.8 10.0 5.2 2.1 Jan. 1989 342.2 99.1 24.5 44.5 30.5 12.8 Dec. 1989 359.2 104.7 26.2 47.5 31.7 13.4 Jan. 1990P 349.5 101.9 25.1 46.8 30.9 12.7 10.7 11.6 11.0 16.3 18.6 17.9 40.2 44.9 42.5 Arizona Phoenix Tucson 187.7 138.2 29.3 188.5 139.8 27.2 187.2 139.2 26.5 74.3 52.2 9.0 79.6 55.8 9.7 78.5 55.2 9.5 361.5 246.0 57.3 385.8 260.7 61.3 378.6 256.3 59.5 Arkansas Fayetteville-Springdale Fort Smith Little Rock-North Little Rock Pine Bluff 226.8 13.0 25.8 33.5 6.5 228.8 13.4 23.8 33.7 6.4 227.9 13.3 23.8 33.5 6.3 52.4 5.0 4.2 16.1 2.6 55.1 4.9 4.3 16.3 2.8 53.9 4.9 4.3 16.1 2.7 195.5 11.8 16.4 57.9 7.3 211.6 12.4 16.9 62.3 7.6 204.5 12.1 16.5 60.7 7.4 2,134.5 257.9 10.5 22.2 886.5 21.5 112.2 30.9 86.0 41.7 131.7 81.2 267.3 22.3 19.9 22.9 11.7 2,148.6 259.1 10.5 24.2 888.7 22.1 116.0 31.2 89.6 44.0 136.8 82.3 268.1 22.6 21.3 23.1 12.5 2,125.8 256.8 10.3 23.6 876.3 21.5 115.3 30.7 89.0 43.8 136.4 82.1 266.8 22.3 21.1 23.0 12.5 589.1 34.0 7.8 11.7 208.6 4.3 56.1 11.0 32.3 25.9 35.4 74.8 21.5 5.4 5.9 8.4 4.4 610.8 35.5 8.2 12.3 215.0 4.8 61.5 11.7 34.2 26.8 36.3 78.6 22.7 5.5 6.4 8.6 4.9 600.6 35.1 8.1 11.9 214.8 4.6 60.6 11.5 33.0 26.5 36.1 78.2 22.1 5.4 6.4 8.3 4.8 2,919.2 295.3 39.5 54.0 946.4 28.6 213.5 55.0 164.5 138.6 227.9 215.9 171.4 34.2 33.6 34.3 31.4 3,088.8 316.0 41.1 58.5 1,003.6 31.0 227.7 59.5 178.0 148.6 246.9 226.1 173.1 35.5 37.0 36.6 34.3 2,972.7 305.2 39.8 57.0 968.8 30.0 221.2 56.7 172.9 144.2 239.5 217.8 167.9 34.6 36.3 35.7 33.5 Colorado Boulder-Longmont Denver 189.9 30.6 94.5 194.8 31.1 95.6 193.9 31.2 95.1 91.3 2.3 66.2 94.1 2.5 68.2 93.3 2.4 67.8 356.6 23.0 198.6 367.7 24.4 205.5 357.7 23.4 200.9 Connecticut Bridgeport-Milford Hartford New Britain New Haven-Meriden Stamford Waterbury 367.8 54.3 88.2 20.4 46.8 22.4 23.4 357.8 52.9 86.3 19.1 46.3 20.7 22.5 357.0 52.4 86.7 19.5 46.0 20.2 22.5 72.2 8.6 18.3 3.3 17.0 5.5 3.4 73.1 8.9 19.2 3.2 16.3 5.8 3.4 72.6 8.7 19.2 3.2 16.0 5.7 3.4 378.2 45.4 105.5 13.5 58.7 30.1 17.7 400.4 47.2 106.1 14.2 60.3 31.8 19.2 382.6 45.8 104.4 14.2 58.9 30.6 18.4 Delaware Wilmington 72.2 62.2 72.9 62.7 68.3 57.7 14.7 15.3 14.8 15.8 14.4 15.5 72.7 60.4 76.6 64.4 74.6 62.5 District of Columbia Washington MSA 15.8 88.3 16.1 89.8 15.9 89.4 24.3 108.2 25.0 112.6 24.6 112.0 61.7 431.6 66.4 456.3 62.6 441.1 539.1 12.4 45.8 6.0 37.7 29.6 91.8 55.4 11.0 8.5 4.8 95.6 34.8 547.9 12.4 46.7 6.3 39.0 30.0 90.8 55.0 11.3 8.9 5.0 95.8 35.5 546.7 12.3 46.5 6.2 39.0 29.9 90.5 54.9 11.4 8.7 5.0 95.9 35.6 262.6 3.8 22.8 5.0 27.6 4.1 70.9 26.3 6.5 3.5 2.9 39.8 13.3 277.5 4.1 24.2 5.6 29.2 4.3 71.7 28.0 6.5 3.7 3.1 42.1 14.1 273.8 4.1 24.2 5.5 29.1 4.2 72.2 27.7 6.4 3.6 3.0 42.1 14.1 1,415.7 34.4 149.2 36.7 108.2 36.6 237.6 136.3 32.2 34.7 25.1 237.8 96.6 1,504.5 36.1 156.5 40.1 115.8 39.8 251.0 147.3 33.6 36.3 27.9 249.3 103.7 1,476.4 35.8 156.3 39.6 112.6 39.1 245.4 144.0 32.5 36.1 27.0 246.9 103.5 Alaska California Anaheim-Santa Ana Bakersfield Fresno Los Angeles-Long Beach Modesto Oakland Oxnard-Ventura Riverside-San Bernardino Sacramento San Diego San Francisco San Jose Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc Santa Rosa-Petaluma Stockton Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa Florida Daytona Beach Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach Fort Myers-Cape Coral Jacksonville Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay Miami-Hialeah Orlando Pensacola Sarasota Tallahassee Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach See footnotes at end of table. 62 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Government Services Finance, insurance, and real estate State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990? Alabama Birmingham Huntsville Mobile Montgomery Tuscaloosa 70.2 28.0 3.7 8.0 7.7 2.0 71.2 28.7 3.8 7.5 7.8 2.1 71.5 28.7 3.8 7.5 7.8 2.1 293.8 95.0 30.4 39.2 28.2 9.1 305.0 99.3 31.9 40.9 30.6 9.4 304.5 99.1 31.7 40.2 30.4 9.5 312.0 63.2 29.7 28.9 32.7 20.0 317.8 65.7 31.0 29.2 34.1 20.8 316.5 65.6 30.9 29.2 33.8 20.5 Alaska 10.4 10.5 10.4 42.7 46.9 45.5 66.1 70.7 68.7 91.4 73.1 11.5 93.7 75.5 11.4 93.7 75.5 11.2 378.2 255.7 70.8 402.1 272.8 73.6 399.5 270.6 73.3 241.0 122.2 53.4 261.2 134.4 56.9 249.5 127.5 54.7 37.7 1.5 2.8 15.7 1.2 38.2 1.6 3.0 15.6 1.2 38.0 1.5 2.9 15.5 1.2 163.7 7.9 16.3 57.7 6.7 176.1 9.1 17.8 62.5 6.9 174.0 8.9 17.9 62.0 6.7 151.7 10.2 7.9 47.8 7.5 158.9 11.7 8.2 48.8 7.6 155.7 11.0 8.1 48.2 7.4 819.5 93.3 6.3 12.0 284.8 5.0 56.4 11.0 27.8 36.9 65.2 109.0 31.4 8.6 8.1 9.1 4.9 849.7 96.0 6.5 12.4 297.4 5.2 57.8 11.6 29.4 39.3 67.3 109.9 32.5 8.8 8.0 9.4 4.9 845.1 95.2 6.5 12.3 294.0 5.2 57.2 9.0 29.2 38.4 66.7 109.4 32.4 8.7 8.0 9.4 4.9 3,182.3 295.1 34.3 48.3 1,137.9 22.5 206.7 51.7 154.0 129.4 245.0 291.1 207.1 40.8 29.0 30.9 28.5 3,337.2 312.9 35.5 52.1 1,208.1 24.3 223.0 55.2 164.6 136.8 264.8 310.6 216.5 42.1 32.2 32.6 30.1 3,279.7 308.2 35.3 51.1 1,185.1 24.1 218.4 54.6 163.0 136.2 261.6 300.5 211.4 41.3 31.7 32.1 30.0 1,980.6 119.6 41.7 47.9 522.6 18.5 162.1 41.6 134.5 175.8 167.4 135.0 86.7 28.4 23.1 31.8 38.3 2,064.2 125.6 43.9 49.1 535.7 20.2 167.3 42.9 147.5 181.5 173.9 138.8 88.6 29.1 24.0 32.9 38.6 2,051.7 123.5 43.1 49.5 533.1 20.8 166.6 42.9 148.2 181.7 172.7 136.6 88.1 29.0 24.0 31.1 38.5 95.8 4.1 62.9 96.6 4.2 63.5 96.9 4.2 63.3 371.3 24.8 211.5 385.3 27.1 220.8 383.6 27.0 218.1 263.0 21.8 125.7 278.8 22.3 131.8 268.1 21.5 128.5 151.2 12.5 74.3 3.8 16.4 13.6 4.7 151.3 12.4 74.6 3.4 16.8 14.2 4.4 151.2 12.4 74.9 3.4 16.9 14.2 4.4 410.9 49.3 112.7 14.7 72.5 36.7 21.6 433.1 50.9 117.8 15.0 77.0 38.4 22.7 428.4 49.4 117.3 15.6 74.3 37.7 23.0 207.3 20.0 66.2 6.6 32.5 10.7 12.5 212.7 20.4 67.4 6.9 32.9 10.9 13.0 210.0 20.3 67.3 6.6 32.1 11.0 12.9 29.4 26.2 30.5 27.5 30.5 27.4 77.7 69.0 83.7 72.4 84.6 73.8 47.6 37.6 49.0 39.4 48.7 41.6 District of Columbia Washington MSA 33.1 127.4 33.4 130.8 33.1 130.5 244.4 704.0 259.5 740.5 254.2 730.8 275.2 574.4 278.4 593.1 276.5 587.5 Florida Daytona Beach Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach . Fort Myers-Cape Coral Jacksonville Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay Miami-Hialeah Orlando Pensacola 364.1 5.9 39.9 8.8 38.8 5.6 70.4 32.6 5.3 7.8 5.0 64.8 29.0 376.1 5.8 41.2 9.3 40.3 5.8 72.1 33.5 5.4 8.1 5.2 65.6 30.1 374.1 5.8 40.9 9.3 39.9 5.8 71.5 33.1 5.3 8.1 5.1 65.4 30.2 1,450.9 33.8 144.4 34.0 105.1 48.1 241.7 171.2 32.4 34.0 24.7 250.0 108.6 1,544.7 35.2 148.8 36.4 109.6 51.2 251.5 187.3 33.5 36.1 26.0 262.0 114.7 1,552.4 35.2 150.2 37.0 109.2 51.4 250.0 186.8 33.6 36.7 26.0 262.0 116.2 795.3 19.8 63.8 18.1 60.6 22.4 115.4 60.2 29.7 12.6 47.7 108.0 43.5 838.5 20.7 67.6 19.6 62.9 23.3 120.5 63.9 30.7 13.5 52.0 113.3 46.3 828.0 20.8 67.1 19.2 62.7 23.2 120.2 62.9 30.3 13.3 50.0 113.0 45.9 Arizona Phoenix Tucson ••••• ••• Arkansas Fayetteville-Springdale Fort Smith Little Rock-North Little Rock Pine Bluff California Anaheim-Santa Ana Bakersfield Fresno Los Angeles-Long Beach Modesto Oakland Oxnard-Ventura Riverside-San Bernardino Sacramento San Diego San Francisco San Jose Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc Santa Rosa-Petaluma Stockton Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa Colorado Boulder-Longmont Denver Connecticut Bridgeport-Milford Hartford New Britain New Haven-Meriden Stamford Waterbury Delaware Wilmington Sarasota Tallahassee Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach See footnotes at end of table. 63 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued (In thousands) Total Mining Construction State and area Jan. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990? 2,882.9 66.3 1,424.1 164.6 92.0 122.2 106.0 3,014.1 69.2 1,492.0 173.3 94.3 126.3 110.5 2,978.3 68.6 1,474.0 171.4 92.7 124.8 109.3 (1) 0 (1) Hawaii Honolulu 488.5 382.9 518.0 407.0 510.3 399.7 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Idaho Boise City 346.5 95.0 380.1 102.5 373.5 100.9 (*) (2) (2) Illinois Aurora-Elgin Bloomington-Normal Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul .... Chicago Davenport-Rock Island-Moline Decatur Joliet Kankakee Lake County Peoria Rockford Springfield 5,089.2 138.5 59.9 83.0 3,101.8 155.0 52.6 99.5 32.8 200.4 141.2 132.8 100.5 5,219.5 142.2 65.0 89.5 3,196.0 161.5 53.8 103.9 35.4 211.0 145.4 135.4 103.8 5,150.0 139.8 64.0 86.1 3,148.1 159.4 53.0 103.1 34.9 206.1 144.4 131.4 102.4 19.4 (*) (*) (2) 1.8 (*) (*) (2) (2) Indiana Anderson Bloomington Elkhart-Goshen Evansville Fort Wayne Gary-Hammond Indianapolis Lafayette-West Lafayette Muncie South Bend-Mishawaka Terre Haute 2,401.4 49.5 53.6 103.7 128.9 194.8 230.3 628.9 67.2 52.5 114.7 54.0 2,514.8 50.5 56.1 106.6 135.4 204.8 244.3 667.1 71.9 54.1 123.4 57.9 2,457.5 49.0 55.3 105.3 133.3 201.8 238.1 655.1 70.6 52.6 119.2 56.4 7.5 Iowa Cedar Rapids Des Moines Dubuque Sioux City Waterloo-Cedar Falls 1,155.9 90.9 217.7 42.1 52.0 64.8 1,223.4 96.0 230.3 44.9 55.5 69.4 1,196.8 94.4 228.0 44.3 54.7 67.4 Kansas Topeka Wichita 1,034.1 89.1 232.6 1,088.2 91.8 239.3 1,072.5 91.3 237.0 Kentucky Lexington-Fayette Louisville Owensboro 1,387.1 188.4 454.5 35.0 1,462.2 203.0 481.4 36.7 Louisiana Alexandria Baton Rouge Houma-Thibodaux Lafayette Monroe New Orleans Shreveport 1,492.6 45.0 217.6 53.1 84.9 54.4 516.7 128.4 523.5 40.5 126.7 Georgia Athens Atlanta Augusta Columbus Macon-Warner Robins Savannah Maine Lewiston-Auburn Portland See footnotes at end of table. 64 Dec. 1989 8.8 .1 1.4 .5 .1 .1 Jan. 1990P 8.8 .1 1.2 .5 .1 .1 8.8 .1 1.2 .5 .1 .1 144.0 2.8 66.9 15.3 4.4 5.1 8.1 25.5 19.7 30.8 24.0 30.2 23.5 3.5 12.2 4.7 17.0 5.5 15.8 4.7 19.5 (2) 18.8 (2) (2) (2) 184.0 6.7 1.4 2.2 113.0 4.3 2.6 6.4 1.4 9.7 5.5 3.8 3.4 204.3 7.5 2.3 2.4 129.4 4.6 3.0 8.3 1.7 10.7 6.5 5.2 3.3 190.4 6.8 1.7 2.2 115.6 4.3 2.8 7.9 1.5 10.0 5.6 4.7 3.1 98.4 1.2 1.7 3.0 6.7 8.5 13.0 30.8 2.7 1.7 4.9 2.0 120.0 1.5 2.1 3.6 7.7 9.9 17.7 37.8 2.8 1.8 7.2 2.9 108.5 1.3 1.8 3.4 6.6 8.8 14.7 34.6 2.8 1.6 5.7 2.8 1.6 31.8 3.2 6.6 1.0 1.8 1.9 38.9 4.1 8.6 1.6 2.1 2.3 35.6 3.8 8.2 1.5 1.9 2.0 9.7 0) 3.7 (2) (2) 2.0 2.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) 62 () (2) (2) 2 ( ) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 7.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) 2.0 (2) 2.1 (2) (2) .7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) .7 .8 (2) (2) 2.1 (2) (2) (2) 7.5 (2) (2) (2) Jan. 1990P 148.7 2.9 67.9 15.6 4.6 5.2 8.2 (2) (2) Dec. 1989 141.0 2.6 67.8 13.5 4.7 4.7 6.8 3.2 (2) Jan. 1989 (2) .5 .4 1.6 .4 1.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 9.4 9.2 1.8 1.8 1.8 35.2 3.0 8.3 39.8 4.0 8.8 38.5 3.9 8.3 1,437.4 199.0 470.7 36.3 34.0 .3 .5 .5 33.5 .2 .5 .5 33.5 .2 .5 .4 57.3 9.7 20.4 2.0 67.8 11.0 23.3 2.1 63.8 10.8 22.2 2.0 1,528.9 46.0 231.7 55.4 88.5 56.8 534.4 131.4 1,512.9 45.1 228.3 54.0 87.2 54.9 528.9 129.2 54.3 .1 .8 5.5 11.0 .4 14.3 2.9 54.7 .2 .8 5.5 11.5 .5 14.6 3.2 54.8 .1 .8 5.4 11.4 .4 14.6 3.1 74.1 2.3 21.8 1.8 3.1 2.1 20.8 4.8 82.1 2.7 26.1 1.7 3.3 2.7 22.3 5.4 82.9 2.3 26.6 1.8 3.3 2.7 22.0 5.5 551.6 42.9 137.3 533.4 41.4 131.6 .1 30.5 2.0 8.2 31.7 2.2 8.6 28.4 2.0 8.0 (2) (2) .1 .1 O 0 (2) (1) (1) 0) 0) ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Manufacturing Wholesale and retail trade Transportation and IDublic utilitiesJ State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990? 565.6 15.0 178.0 37.4 19.0 18.6 17.4 571.3 15.6 180.9 38.3 18.7 18.6 17.8 564.4 15.4 176.8 38.2 18.7 18.0 17.5 183.1 1.8 121.1 4.5 3.2 5.0 9.6 189.1 1.8 126.4 4.5 3.0 5.3 9.8 186.4 1.8 125.7 4.5 3.0 5.4 9.8 736.6 14.5 404.1 35.4 20.5 28.2 25.7 776.1 15.4 424.7 38.1 22.4 29.7 27.1 756.1 15.1 414.3 36.7 21.3 28.5 26.5 Hawaii Honolulu 21.7 16.4 20.8 15.7 20.6 15.5 38.8 31.6 41.4 33.4 41.1 33.3 129.6 99.9 136.3 104.4 134.1 102.6 Idaho Boise City 57.6 13.7 62.8 15.7 62.2 15.0 18.3 5.3 19.4 5.6 19.2 5.6 89.1 25.2 99.5 27.1 97.3 26.5 974.0 39.0 6.0 8.3 559.1 32.0 14.1 19.1 5.5 45.7 33.2 48.4 4.1 981.6 39.4 7.8 7.8 556.4 33.1 14.2 18.2 5.6 47.1 33.6 47.7 3.9 975.1 39.2 7.9 7.9 551.7 33.1 14.3 18.5 5.5 46.7 33.7 44.9 4.0 300.4 3.4 2.8 2.2 200.1 6.9 5.1 8.6 2.0 5.6 7.0 4.6 4.7 306.6 3.4 2.6 2.2 206.2 7.3 5.0 8.6 2.0 6.0 6.9 4.6 4.7 307.2 3.4 2.7 2.3 204.4 7.3 5.1 8.6 2.1 6.0 7.0 4.6 4.7 1,265.3 35.8 13.5 19.1 771.8 45.0 11.6 23.5 8.1 57.8 34.4 29.8 22.5 1,298.6 35.9 14.5 19.2 791.1 47.4 11.9 24.3 9.3 61.0 35.8 31.4 24.1 1,273.3 35.4 14.3 18.6 772.7 46.3 11.5 24.0 9.1 58.3 35.7 31.1 23.0 Indiana Anderson Bloomington Elkhart-Goshen Evansville Fort Wayne Gary-Hammond Indianapolis Lafayette-West Lafayette Muncie South Bend-Mishawaka Terre Haute 642.2 17.4 9.6 55.9 30.8 54.0 56.5 107.4 12.7 11.1 23.2 10.3 638.2 16.7 9.5 53.0 30.7 53.0 56.7 109.8 13.0 11.3 23.0 10.7 631.8 16.2 9.4 52.7 30.6 52.9 56.3 109.2 13.0 11.0 22.9 10.8 124.0 1.3 1.6 3.1 6.8 12.7 15.5 38.8 1.8 2.7 4.9 2.8 132.1 1.4 1.7 3.6 6.9 13.5 15.1 41.7 1.8 3.0 5.1 2.9 128.9 1.3 1.7 3.6 6.9 13.5 15.0 41.4 1.7 3.0 5.0 2.8 568.6 11.6 11.9 18.7 34.1 48.0 54.5 163.5 14.1 12.7 30.7 14.8 609.8 12.2 12.4 20.5 36.5 50.4 58.6 175.7 15.5 13.6 32.7 15.8 588.5 11.7 11.9 20.0 35.4 49.4 56.7 170.8 15.0 12.9 31.7 15.4 Iowa Cedar Rapids Des Moines Dubuque Sioux City Waterloo-Cedar Falls 229.0 23.5 25.4 12.2 10.4 15.4 235.7 23.7 26.0 12.6 11.0 15.8 234.0 23.4 25.7 12.5 10.9 15.7 54.0 5.7 12.6 1.5 3.1 1.8 56.8 5.7 12.6 1.7 3.7 1.9 55.4 5.8 12.5 1.7 3.5 1.8 294.4 21.8 56.7 9.9 13.6 15.5 315.3 22.7 60.6 10.7 14.4 17.2 307.6 22.4 60.2 10.6 14.2 16.5 Kansas Topeka Wichita 182.3 9.3 62.4 185.2 9.7 64.6 182.1 9.8 64.9 64.7 7.0 11.1 66.7 6.9 11.2 66.0 6.9 11.3 259.3 20.5 53.2 275.1 20.8 55.1 269.5 20.5 53.3 Kentucky Lexington-Fayette Louisville Owensboro 280.4 32.9 89.4 6.3 285.7 34.2 88.7 6.4 281.4 33.7 85.8 6.4 74.6 8.7 29.2 2.1 78.5 9.4 31.6 2.2 75.4 9.2 30.0 2.2 335.0 43.1 114.4 9.3 359.4 46.1 123.0 10.0 350.7 44.5 120.1 9.8 Louisiana Alexandria Baton Rouge Houma-Thibodaux Lafayette Monroe New Orleans Shreveport 170.2 3.2 20.3 4.4 7.4 7.5 43.8 17.2 175.4 3.4 21.5 5.0 8.2 7.6 43.7 17.7 170.3 3.5 21.3 4.6 7.9 7.7 43.1 15.7 105.2 2.2 10.2 6.0 6.0 3.1 42.1 8.3 105.4 2.3 10.5 6.5 6.2 3.1 43.6 8.4 105.2 2.3 10.5 6.3 6.3 3.0 43.1 8.4 361.2 10.7 52.8 13.5 23.3 14.2 133.2 31.6 371.2 10.4 54.9 14.5 24.3 14.8 139.8 33.1 364.8 10.1 54.2 14.1 24.1 14.1 135.8 32.8 Maine Lewiston-Aubum Portland 107.0 9.5 16.7 106.2 9.6 16.9 105.0 9.4 16.6 21.6 1.4 5.0 22.7 1.5 5.5 22.1 1.4 5.2 131.2 10.9 38.8 142.7 11.8 43.6 135.0 11.2 40.0 Georgia Athens Atlanta Augusta Columbus Macon-Warner Robins Savannah Illinois Aurora-Elgin Bloomington-Normal Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul .... Davenport-Rock Island-Moline Decatur Joliet Kankakee Lake County Peoria Rockford Springfield See footnotes at end of table. 65 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Government Services Finance, insurance, and real estate State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P 161.5 1.9 103.6 5.5 6.0 7.1 4.8 163.2 2.0 106.0 5.6 6.0 7.3 4.8 162.7 2.0 105.7 5.5 5.9 7.5 4.7 582.0 10.5 340.6 32.7 17.9 23.7 25.2 629.5 11.3 369.2 35.1 18.5 25.0 26.4 627.1 11.3 368.4 35.0 18.3 25.0 26.2 504.3 19.9 207.5 35.1 20.5 34.7 16.5 527.6 20.0 215.8 35.5 21.1 35.1 16.5 528.7 20.1 215.0 35.8 21.0 35.2 16.5 Hawaii Honolulu 34.3 28.2 35.6 29.1 35.4 28.9 139.4 104.2 148.1 112.5 148.2 112.1 99.2 82.9 105.0 87.9 100.7 83.8 Idaho Boise City 18.8 7.6 19.6 7.8 19.3 7.7 72.4 20.7 77.1 22.2 76.9 22.5 74.9 17.8 81.0 18.6 79.3 18.9 Illinois Aurora-Elgin Bloomington-Normal Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul .... Chicago Davenport-Rock Island-Moline Decatur Joliet Kankakee Lake County Peoria Rockford Springfield 367.1 7.5 10.4 3.0 265.5 7.7 2.3 3.5 1.2 9.7 7.2 5.2 7.9 373.4 7.3 11.1 3.1 271.5 7.7 2.3 3.5 1.3 10.0 7.2 5.2 8.2 372.4 7.2 11.1 3.1 270.0 7.7 2.3 3.6 1.2 10.1 7.1 5.3 8.1 1,244.3 30.8 12.9 16.6 826.9 32.9 11.4 21.8 8.3 41.9 38.3 28.8 25.2 1,284.1 31.7 13.0 17.6 863.9 34.2 11.6 23.3 8.8 44.8 39.3 29.1 26.1 1,275.8 31.6 13.0 17.5 856.8 34.2 11.5 23.2 8.8 44.0 39.3 28.9 26.0 734.7 15.3 12.9 31.6 363.6 26.2 5.5 16.6 6.3 30.0 15.6 12.2 32.7 751.4 17.0 13.7 37.2 375.5 27.2 5.8 17.7 6.7 31.4 16.1 12.2 33.5 737.0 16.2 13.3 34.5 374.9 26.5 5.5 17.3 6.7 31.0 16.0 11.9 33.5 Indiana Anderson Bloomington Elkhart-Goshen Evansville Fort Wayne Gary-Hammond Indianapolis Lafayette-West Lafayette Muncie South Bend-Mishawaka Terre Haute 118.7 1.6 1.7 2.9 5.3 12.0 8.1 48.4 3.0 1.7 6.0 2.0 122.9 1.5 2.0 3.2 5.5 12.9 8.4 49.1 3.2 1.7 6.2 2.1 121.8 1.5 1.9 3.2 5.4 13.0 8.4 48.9 3.1 1.7 6.3 2.1 480.8 10.3 8.9 14.3 31.1 41.6 51.1 146.4 12.4 11.0 33.6 11.7 515.4 11.0 10.5 16.3 34.0 47.4 55.5 155.5 13.8 11.1 36.9 12.2 507.2 10.9 10.3 16.2 34.4 46.6 55.1 153.8 14.0 11.1 35.5 12.3 361.1 6.1 18.1 5.9 12.0 18.1 31.5 92.9 20.6 11.5 11.3 10.0 368.6 6.3 17.9 6.4 12.0 17.7 32.3 96.6 21.8 11.7 12.2 10.8 363.3 6.2 18.4 6.3 11.9 17.5 31.9 95.7 21.0 11.4 12.2 9.8 Iowa Cedar Rapids Des Moines Dubuque Sioux City Waterloo-Cedar Falls 66.7 4.5 30.3 1.4 2.5 2.8 69.4 4.7 32.2 1.5 2.6 2.9 69.5 4.7 32.1 1.5 2.6 2.9 266.3 21.8 55.5 12.7 14.0 15.2 281.4 23.7 58.3 13.1 15.1 15.8 276.5 23.3 57.7 12.8 15.1 15.4 212.1 10.4 30.6 3.4 6.6 12.2 224.1 11.4 32.0 3.7 6.6 13.5 216.6 11.0 31.6 3.7 6.5 13.1 Kansas Topeka Wichita 57.2 6.6 10.9 58.3 6.7 10.8 58.9 6.7 10.8 219.1 21.3 56.9 234.1 21.5 58.5 232.9 21.5 58.5 206.9 21.4 28.0 219.8 22.2 28.5 214.9 22.0 28.1 Kentucky Lexington-Fayette Louisville Owensboro 59.1 9.4 25.8 1.4 61.1 9.5 27.1 1.5 60.7 9.3 26.7 1.5 299.8 45.1 113.9 8.1 319.6 49.4 123.5 8.4 317.9 49.1 122.2 8.4 246.9 39.2 60.9 5.3 256.6 43.2 63.7 5.6 254.0 42.2 63.2 5.6 Louisiana Alexandria Baton Rouge Houma-Thibodaux Lafayette Monroe New Orleans Shreveport 79.6 2.5 13.0 2.1 3.3 4.2 32.7 6.4 77.9 2.5 13.2 2.1 3.2 4.3 33.5 6.2 77.4 2.5 13.0 2.0 3.2 4.2 33.3 6.1 339.1 11.4 48.2 9.2 18.6 12.0 143.1 31.2 347.4 11.7 50.3 9.6 19.1 12.8 149.9 32.0 345.9 11.5 50.2 9.7 18.8 12.8 149.7 32.1 308.9 12.6 50.5 10.6 12.2 10.9 86.7 26.0 314.8 12.8 54.4 10.5 12.7 11.0 87.0 25.4 311.6 12.8 51.7 10.1 12.2 10.0 87.3 25.5 Maine Lewiston-Auburn Portland 25.2 2.4 11.6 25.3 2.3 11.8 25.1 2.3 11.4 115.9 10.2 31.1 123.4 11.0 34.3 120.3 10.6 34.5 92.0 4.1 15.3 99.5 4.5 16.6 97.4 4.5 15.9 Georgia Athens Atlanta Augusta Columbus Macon-Warner Robins Savannah See footnotes at end of table. 66 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Total Mining Construction State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Maryland Baltimore MSA Baltimore City Suburban Maryland-D.C 2,093.3 1,115.5 466.4 753.8 2,178.0 1,159.6 486.4 787.2 2,123.2 1,128.0 470.1 771.7 Massachusetts Boston Brockton Fall River Fitchburg-Leominster Lawrence-Haverhill Lowell New Bedford Pittsfield Springfield Worcester 3,076.2 1,722.9 73.6 56.2 41.0 164.2 108.4 68.3 41.6 240.3 201.9 3,145.2 1,756.9 75.7 58.5 41.8 165.3 106.0 69.3 43.2 246.1 207.6 3,042.8 1,713.4 73.6 56.1 40.5 162.7 102.8 66.6 42.2 239.2 200.8 Michigan Ann Arbor Battle Creek Benton Harbor Detroit Pljnt Grand Rapids Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing-East Lansing Muskegon Saginaw-Bay City-Midland 3,808.2 172.4 58.3 65.1 1,893.4 160.2 335.0 52.8 110.4 209.4 57.2 155.7 3,957.4 178.2 60.2 66.7 1,967.8 168.7 352.5 55.2 114.3 217.8 58.9 162.7 3,816.7 171.7 59.3 65.1 1,901.7 152.3 342.3 53.9 111.0 208.1 58.4 151.4 Minnesota Duluth Minneapolis-St. Paul Rochester St. Cloud 2,019.1 91.8 1,312.2 61.3 74.9 2,126.7 97.0 1,375.7 64.5 79.6 2,084.4 94.9 1,350.8 63.9 80.0 898.4 181.1 936.9 188.8 919.8 185.1 2,243.5 752.3 1,148.8 113.4 2,333.3 791.9 1,191.7 119.6 2,278.3 775.2 1,165.4 117.6 Montana 277.7 294.3 288.3 5.7 6.1 6.0 6.6 8.7 7.3 Nebraska Lincoln Omaha 687.2 114.8 312.4 716.9 121.7 327.9 705.1 118.6 323.9 1.3 1.3 1.2 21.6 3.6 10.6 22.7 3.9 11.2 22.5 3.8 11.3 545.7 316.9 134.5 606.3 360.9 144.9 598.4 359.9 141.4 14.4 .3 1.6 14.3 .3 1.5 37.7 25.3 6.2 49.1 34.8 7.7 46.9 34.3 7.0 New Hampshire Manchester Nashua Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.... 526.7 86.9 94.6 110.2 524.0 86.7 94.1 111.8 521.5 82.4 91.8 113.0 .4 .5 30.3 5.2 4.3 4.8 26.4 4.9 3.4 4.3 23.9 4.0 3.7 4.3 New Jersey Atlantic City Bergen-Passaic Camden Jersey City Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon Monmouth-Ocean Newark Trenton Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton 3,638.2 158.7 669.3 444.2 243.9 534.2 324.3 956.5 196.1 56.7 3,754.9 165.1 682.9 464.0 256.4 553.6 342.1 990.0 202.4 59.6 3,654.5 160.5 667.7 454.0 247.5 539.3 329.6 971.2 198.2 59.1 2.3 156.3 9.2 31.2 24.0 6.3 21.5 19.2 36.9 4.9 2.2 166.7 9.7 32.1 26.1 7.1 23.3 20.8 38.5 5.3 2.4 148.1 9.1 29.7 24.3 6.4 20.9 18.0 36.5 5.0 2.3 Mississippi Jackson Missouri Kansas City St. Louis Springfield Las Vegas Reno Jan. 1989 Jan. 1990P Dec. 1989 1.6 .3 1.7 .3 /2\ 2 () (2) 1.5 .7 (1) (1) 0) (1) (1) (1) (1) (i) ft 0) ft (1) (2) I) .1 .2 .2 9.8 (2) (2) ft 1.0 .1 .2 .2 10.2 ft ft ft l2\ (2) ft (2) /2\ /2\ l2\ 7.3 5.4 1 () () IZ\ ft ft i2\ 5.9 .7 6.2 .7 4.8 5.1 (2) /2\ (2) ft ft ft ft ft2 () ft ft .6 .7 .4 ft ft2 () ft ft 6.3 .7 31.6 7.6 38.1 7.5 34.8 6.9 5.0 88.2 29.8 55.0 4.2 96.7 33.1 62.0 4.6 90.4 32.1 59.3 4.4 ft 2.5 ft 67.9 3.2 45.6 1.8 3.5 (2) 2.4 ft 75.2 3.5 49.8 2.0 3.8 (2) .4 (2) 63.6 2.7 43.3 1.9 2.9 /2\ (2) (2) ft 7.2 5.3 I2\ (2) (2) 123.6 4.6 1.8 1.5 57.8 5.1 15.3 1.8 3.9 5.4 2.0 7.9 1 () (2) 137.8 5.3 2.1 1.7 64.4 5.4 16.2 1.9 4.1 6.0 2.2 8.5 (2) 6.8 5.1 12\ 118.2 4.7 1.6 1.5 56.8 4.8 14.9 1.6 3.8 5.5 2.0 7.3 .1 .1 .2 1.1 (2\ IZ\ 105.3 55.1 2.6 2.1 1.5 6.0 4.1 2.5 1.6 7.0 7.6 ft IZ\ (2) 121.7 60.1 3.4 2.2 1.9 6.9 4.7 2.9 1.8 8.4 8.8 /2\ 1.1 /2\ 12.0 .2 1.3 121.3 61.6 3.2 2.3 1.9 6.9 4.7 2.9 1.9 8.7 9.0 9.8 /2\ /2\ 1.2 .6 /2\ ft ft /2\ 1 153.7 73.8 19.7 69.3 /2\ fZ\ (2) 158.6 77.9 21.1 71.7 ft 1.5 .6 .7 .8 .4 ft ft ft ft .5 ft .7 ft Jan. 1990? 155.1 72.5 19.3 67.6 () (1) Dec. 1989 1.6 .3 2 I2\ 0) (1) Jan. 1989 .4 See footnotes at end of table. 67 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued (In thousands) Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Maryland Baltimore MSA Baltimore City Suburban Maryland-D.C 209.3 131.0 44.1 37.6 208.8 129.8 45.1 38.7 203.8 126.5 41.8 38.3 98.4 54.6 27.5 31.5 103.3 57.4 29.0 32.3 101.4 56.2 27.8 31.6 530.2 273.5 93.9 198.1 558.4 287.0 97.7 206.7 538.1 276.7 92.7 201.3 Massachusetts Boston Brockton Fall River Fitchburg-Leominster Lawrence-Haverhill Lowell New Bedford Pittsfield Springfield Worcester 573.0 260.9 10.3 16.0 12.1 49.8 37.2 184 10.6 49.8 44.6 552.5 255.1 9.7 15.5 12.1 46.3 33.4 17.9 10.7 47.8 44.3 544.0 251.2 9.5 15.6 12.0 46.6 33.4 17.5 10.7 46.7 44.1 131.0 76.3 4.6 1.9 1.6 6.7 4.9 2.9 1.2 9.8 9.4 134.0 77.4 4.8 1.9 1.5 6.8 4.9 2.8 1.4 10.3 9.4 130.0 76.8 4.6 1.8 1.4 6.4 4.7 2.7 1.4 9.9 9.2 737.8 396.2 23.7 15.0 10.3 36.4 23.0 17.2 10.0 58.0 49.5 769.8 405.2 25.3 16.6 10.6 38.7 23.6 17.8 10.7 62.5 52.1 740.6 393.7 24.8 14.8 10.1 37.3 22.2 16.6 10.2 60.3 50.1 Michigan Ann Arbor Battle Creek Benton Harbor Detroit Flint Grand Rapids Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing-East Lansing Muskegon Saginaw-Bay City-Midland 971.5 39.8 16.5 22.0 462.7 49.9 101.5 13.2 31.1 34.8 17.1 44.4 960.2 37.8 15.7 20.9 461.1 50.9 102.6 13.3 30.3 31.5 17.0 44.8 902.4 36.5 16.0 20.7 434.2 38.4 99.7 12.7 29.5 29.4 17.1 36.9 148.6 4.7 1.6 2.4 84.5 4.1 11.3 4.1 3.1 5.3 2.2 6.2 153.4 4.9 1.6 2.5 88.9 4.2 11.6 4.0 3.3 5.6 2.2 6.2 148.6 4.8 1.6 2.5 87.0 3.9 11.2 4.0 3.3 5.6 2.2 6.0 892.7 29.9 11.6 13.7 454.0 40.4 87.5 12.4 25.0 44.7 13.1 37.3 951.4 31.8 12.8 14.7 484.0 43.8 94.5 13.5 27.3 47.8 14.0 40.1 915.7 30.8 12.2 14.1 465.7 41.9 91.9 12.8 26.0 46.3 13.6 38.6 Minnesota Duluth Minneapolis-St. Paul Rochester St. Cloud 391.6 7.8 262.0 11.3 14.1 396.0 8.5 261.2 11.8 13.6 392.8 8.2 259.8 11.7 14.5 101.3 5.4 71.0 1.8 3.6 108.6 6.0 76.9 1.9 3.8 107.2 5.8 76.1 1.9 3.8 499.1 23.0 322.3 12.6 23.1 530.4 24.7 341.2 13.1 25.7 512.9 24.0 329.9 12.8 25.7 Mississippi Jackson 239.1 21.0 242.4 21.4 238.9 20.7 43.8 13.4 46.2 14.4 45.5 14.2 191.8 42.7 205.0 45.2 196.7 43.3 Missouri Kansas City St. Louis Springfield 437.3 109.6 223.8 21.6 440.1 110.6 225.1 21.3 431.9 105.6 218.0 21.3 146.8 61.2 75.2 6.7 150.2 64.3 77.0 7.4 149.4 64.4 76.9 7.2 551.0 198.8 282.4 32.5 584.5 212.1 298.5 34.5 563.1 206.4 289.4 33.4 21.3 22.5 21.9 19.3 20.4 19.4 73.0 80.0 77.9 Nebraska Lincoln Omaha 93.8 14.6 35.2 96.1 14.3 36.3 95.6 14.2 36.2 45.4 6.3 23.8 46.7 6.7 24.9 46.3 6.7 24.9 179.6 26.1 81.6 188.2 28.1 86.0 184.5 27.1 84.3 Nevada Las Vegas Reno 24.8 9.3 8.5 25.7 10.2 8.6 25.4 10.2 8.5 29.0 16.6 9.4 31.6 18.7 9.5 31.3 18.6 9.2 113.2 67.7 31.6 126.6 77.9 34.4 123.2 76.2 33.0 New Hampshire Manchester Nashua Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.... 117.3 12.3 35.1 21.6 111.8 11.4 33.3 20.8 111.6 11.4 32.6 20.7 18.2 4.7 3.0 2.6 19.1 5.0 3.0 2.7 18.8 4.9 2.7 2.7 136.0 24.3 23.7 28.0 136.2 23.1 23.7 28.1 136.5 22.8 23.1 29.7 New Jersey Atlantic City Bergen-Passaic Camden Jersey City Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon Monmouth-Ocean Newark Trenton Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton 651.0 8.2 150.8 72.8 40.9 115.1 27.9 174.8 29.2 15.7 650.4 8.7 148.4 72.4 44.2 114.3 28.1 174.1 28.9 16.7 640.2 8.5 146.2 70.6 41.0 113.8 27.5 172.2 28.5 16.8 240.0 6.5 29.6 19.7 32.6 41.9 16.9 78.9 6.7 2.1 244.0 6.6 29.7 20.1 35.3 42.1 17.6 83.3 6.8 2.2 238.8 6.4 29.4 20.0 33.3 41.8 17.2 82.1 6.8 2.2 878.6 31.3 194.1 122.5 61.0 131.8 88.5 195.3 31.4 11.3 925.0 34.8 203.0 130.0 63.4 140.0 94.6 205.7 33.3 11.7 882.7 32.3 193.9 126.3 60.8 131.6 89.4 194.9 32.1 11.3 Montana See footnotes at end of table. 68 • ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Maryland Baltimore MSA Baltimore City Suburban Maryland-D.C 128.3 75.7 45.3 44.2 132.2 77.6 46.1 46.2 131.3 76.7 45.8 45.8 568.6 301.0 144.3 217.6 594.9 316.5 154.2 226.8 584.0 309.3 149.1 223.8 401.8 206.9 92.0 157.2 420.1 213.1 93.2 164.8 409.3 208.5 93.2 161.6 Massachusetts Boston Brockton Fall River Fitchburg-Leominster Lawrence-Haverhill Lowell New Bedford Pittsfield Springfield Worcester 216.1 147.1 3.5 3.4 1.6 6.4 3.8 2.5 1.9 15.7 14.0 217.6 147.8 3.6 3.6 1.5 6.5 3.7 2.5 2.0 15.4 14.5 216.7 147.5 3.6 3.6 1.6 6.3 3.6 2.5 2.0 15.2 13.9 887.1 574.5 16.3 10.7 8.7 36.0 21.4 14.4 11.2 58.5 50.3 938.5 603.5 16.4 11.5 9.2 38.4 22.2 15.4 11.8 61.8 53.6 907.1 584.3 16.1 11.3 9.1 38.0 21.8 15.3 11.6 60.2 51.2 408.4 205.7 12.0 6.9 4.8 22.0 13.4 10.0 4.7 39.6 24.9 409.6 207.1 12.5 7.2 5.0 21.7 13.5 10.0 4.7 39.7 24.7 397.9 204.2 12.4 6.9 4.8 22.1 13.0 9.5 4.7 39.8 24.5 Michigan Ann Arbor Battle Creek Benton Harbor Detroit Flint Grand Rapids Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing-East Lansing Muskegon Saginaw-Bay City-Midland 185.1 4.6 3.2 2.6 109.1 5.7 15.4 1.7 4.9 12.5 1.4 6.3 189.8 4.5 3.3 2.6 111.6 6.1 15.7 1.7 5.1 12.8 1.5 6.3 190.0 4.7 3.2 2.7 112.0 6.1 15.9 1.7 5.1 12.5 1.5 6.0 865.4 35.4 12.5 14.5 484.5 31.8 71.1 9.9 24.4 39.7 11.9 33.3 905.1 37.0 13.0 15.4 513.4 33.9 76.7 10.4 25.5 42.4 12.1 35.9 889.8 36.4 13.1 15.3 504.0 33.9 74.2 10.4 25.2 40.7 12.2 35.4 626.1 53.2 11.4 8.5 240.8 23.5 33.3 9.8 18.1 66.9 9.4 20.9 649.6 56.9 11.7 8.9 243.3 24.3 35.1 10.4 18.7 71.7 10.0 21.0 636.9 53.9 11.5 8.4 239.9 22.8 34.2 10.4 18.0 68.1 9.8 20.6 Minnesota Duluth Minneapolis-St. Paul Rochester St. Cloud 118.1 3.0 91.9 1.5 2.3 121.4 3.3 93.5 1.6 2.4 120.7 3.2 93.1 1.6 2.4 509.9 22.8 342.6 25.8 15.5 550.9 23.7 368.6 27.5 16.2 543.1 23.5 363.9 27.8 16.1 328.7 22.0 178.7 6.4 13.4 336.9 21.9 184.0 6.6 14.1 332.6 21.7 182.0 6.3 14.0 38.5 14.6 39.0 14.8 38.6 14.7 146.2 39.8 154.7 42.3 153.9 42.0 201.6 41.3 205.2 42.5 205.1 42.5 133.5 58.1 73.9 5.2 135.1 59.6 74.3 5.5 133.8 59.3 73.9 5.5 528.4 179.5 295.9 29.0 551.0 193.0 308.7 30.7 541.4 189.3 305.0 30.7 353.5 115.3 142.6 14.2 370.6 119.2 146.1 15.6 363.3 118.1 142.9 15.1 Montana 12.9 13.3 13.2 68.7 73.3 73.5 70.2 70.0 69.1 Nebraska Lincoln Omaha 47.2 3.4 27.8 48.7 8.5 29.2 48.4 8.4 29.2 161.8 25.9 87.2 169.0 28.0 92.6 165.2 27.2 90.2 136.5 29.9 46.2 144.2 32.2 47.7 141.4 31.2 47.8 Nevada Las Vegas Reno 24.5 15.6 6.4 25.9 16.7 6.7 25.9 16.6 6.7 235.9 146.9 54.4 258.7 164.3 58.3 258.2 165.6 58.0 68.6 35.3 16.7 74.3 38.0 18.1 73.2 38.1 17.5 New Hampshire Manchester Nashua Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.... 32.2 8.4 3.5 7.1 32.6 8.8 3.2 7.4 32.1 8.2 3.3 7.2 122.0 23.2 17.4 20.6 123.0 24.4 19.4 21.8 125.5 22.2 18.7 20.8 70.3 8.8 7.6 25.5 74.5 9.1 8.1 26.7 72.6 8.9 7.7 27.6 New Jersey Atlantic City Bergen-Passaic Camden Jersey City Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon Monmouth-Ocean Newark Trenton Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton 240.7 6.8 38.8 24.4 16.4 39.0 19.3 79.4 10.3 3.6 241.4 6.9 39.0 25.3 16.4 38.9 19.9 80.0 10.6 3.9 240.8 6.9 38.9 24.8 16.1 38.7 19.7 81.0 10.5 4.0 914.5 70.9 156.8 107.0 47.9 111.7 89.6 254.0 57.3 9.8 956.7 72.3 161.0 113.3 50.0 118.4 96.4 265.9 60.8 10.5 941.9 71.3 160.5 112.3 50.1 117.3 93.8 264.5 58.8 10.4 554.7 25.8 68.0 73.8 38.8 72.6 62.9 136.5 56.3 11.6 568.2 26.1 69.7 76.8 40.0 75.9 64.7 141.7 56.7 11.8 559.7 26.0 69.1 75.7 39.8 74.7 64.0 139.3 56.5 11.7 Mississippi Jackson Missouri Kansas City St. Louis Springfield See footnotes at end of table. 69 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Total Constructior Mining State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 14.1 (1) (1) (1) 15.0 (1) (1) (1) 5.0 .4 5.6 .6 543.5 235.2 41.1 54.8 570.2 243.1 44.6 57.1 557.7 238.8 43.2 55.7 New York Albany-Schenectady-Troy Binghamton Buffalo Elmira Nassau-Suffolk New York PMSA New York City Niagara Falls Orange County Poughkeepsie Rochester Rockland County Syracuse Utica-Rome Westchester County 8,101.4 417.4 119.7 445.8 40.9 1,123.5 4,086.3 3,565.0 81.0 105.6 119.3 478.6 100.3 302.5 123.2 402.4 8,376.2 434.9 123.0 470.5 42.0 1,162.4 4,207.3 3,664.5 86.9 109.2 123.1 491.7 104.4 317.6 129.1 419.0 8,157.5 428.1 120.9 454.6 41.7 1,132.1 4,123.6 3,595.7 81.5 106.5 120.3 482.2 102.4 309.8 126.0 406.8 North Carolina Asheville Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point Raleigh-Durham 2,997.7 81.1 603.6 485.2 405.4 3,129.1 88.4 628.5 492.0 432.2 3,081.4 86.6 622.8 485.4 423.9 (2) (2) (2) (2) 251.6 37.2 72.8 30.0 261.8 39.5 77.1 32.4 258.1 38.5 75.6 31.4 (2) (2) (2) Ohio Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton-Springfield Toledo Youngstown-Warren 4,680.9 267.3 161.2 701.9 908.4 682.7 441.2 288.1 193.7 4,909.6 289.4 167.2 748.2 953.5 718.6 458.3 300.7 202.1 4,752.8 278.8 163.3 725.9 926.0 698.5 445.5 282.5 189.0 Oklahoma Enid Lawton Oklahoma City Tulsa 1,134.5 21.4 33.7 415.0 296.4 1,169.2 21.6 35.1 427.1 309.8 Oregon Eugene-Springfield Portland Salem 1,159.5 110.6 592.7 99.1 1,230.1 118.5 630.2 104.7 1,203.1 116.0 617.0 101.7 Pennsylvania Allentown-Bethlehem Altoona Beaver County Erie Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle Johnstown Lancaster Philadelphia PMSA Philadelphia City Pittsburgh 5,014.3 277.3 50.8 48.2 114.6 303.9 79.2 182.5 2,174.1 758.6 872.3 5,169.5 284.5 52.4 50.0 118.2 313.5 80.8 190.2 2,217.7 774.6 910.9 5,059.3 279.4 51.4 48.8 116.5 310.8 80.1 185.6 2,179.9 762.2 892.8 New Mexico Albuquerque Las Cruces Santa Fe North Dakota Bismarck Fargo-Moorhead Grand Forks See footnotes at end of table. 70 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Jan. 1990P Dec. 1989 2 Jan. 1989 27.6 12.7 2.2 2.6 29.3 13.4 2.3 2.7 26.9 12.7 2.2 2.5 4.9 .4 304.3 18.2 4.8 14.8 1.7 54.1 141.9 113.1 2.9 4.8 6.2 16.6 4.7 13.8 3.1 22.2 328.0 20.1 5.6 16.4 1.6 57.5 152.3 120.1 3.8 5.0 6.6 19.2 5.0 16.8 3.8 24.9 300.7 18.4 4.9 14.8 1.5 53.4 143.2 114.1 3.3 4.5 6.0 17.7 4.6 15.1 3.2 22.5 4.8 156.5 4.2 35.8 24.2 21.3 164.6 4.6 36.3 24.6 22.2 157.9 4.4 35.9 24.0 21.8 3.8 7.1 1.3 2.7 1.0 8.5 1.5 3.3 1.2 7.5 1.3 3.1 1.0 17.6 .6 .8 .4 .9 .8 .4 .2 .5 165.0 8.5 6.1 30.7 27.5 26.4 16.1 10.1 6.5 195.8 9.9 7.1 34.9 33.8 29.3 17.7 12.3 7.7 170.9 8.5 6.1 31.8 29.0 26.1 15.8 10.7 6.4 33.4 .6 1.0 10.8 10.1 34.8 .6 .9 11.6 10.7 1.2 .2 .4 .1 38.5 3.3 22.5 3.2 45.1 3.9 25.5 4.1 42.3 3.5 24.1 3.8 27.0 .6 209.0 13.0 2.2 2.2 3.0 12.5 2.4 11.1 98.7 16.3 36.4 233.9 13.0 2.3 2.5 3.6 14.0 2.8 11.9 99.6 17.5 40.8 215.3 12.3 2.2 2.3 3.3 13.3 2.5 11.6 92.3 15.8 36.2 () (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 4.9 4.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 3.7 4.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (*) (2) 17.7 .6 .8 .4 .9 .8 .4 .2 .4 18.1 .6 .8 .4 .9 .8 .4 .2 .5 42.9 1.0 .2 11.4 12.3 44.3 .9 .3 10.8 12.4 1.1 .2 .3 .1 1.4 .2 .4 .1 27.2 .5 27.6 .6 (2) 4.6 O (11) () .4 2.6 .4 1.1 .4 2.6 .4 1.0 (2) (1) (1) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) .6 .8 .6 (2) (2) (2) (2) .3 .4 .4 (2) (2) (2) .4 2.6 .4 1.1 (2) 4.5 Jan. 1990P 14.8 (1) (1) (1) 2 () (2) (2) (2) (2) Dec. 1989 4.4 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P 41.1 20.9 3.6 1.7 42.5 21.2 3.7 1.7 42.1 21.1 3.6 1.7 28.6 12.5 1.5 1.0 30.9 12.8 1.7 1.0 30.1 12.6 1.6 1.0 129.8 60.1 8.8 10.3 137.1 62.4 9.3 11.0 132.5 59.9 8.9 10.6 1,190.7 47.1 37.4 77.1 8.8 167.4 431.0 353.3 24.1 14.7 29.9 138.8 15.0 53.5 24.8 60.6 1,179.0 46.3 35.6 77.8 8.9 159.9 432.3 355.4 24.1 13.9 30.6 133.1 14.8 52.8 23.9 60.1 1,155.3 46.1 34.8 73.0 8.8 158.6 423.6 347.0 21.7 13.4 30.4 132.4 14.8 52.2 23.8 59.8 412.5 17.0 4.3 21.8 1.5 49.1 243.1 217.7 3.6 6.3 3.6 14.9 4.9 18.5 4.4 19.9 426.5 17.7 4.4 22.9 1.5 51.2 250.4 224.5 4.0 6.7 3.7 15.5 5.1 19.2 4.4 20.1 418.9 17.4 4.5 22.1 1.4 50.9 244.6 219.1 3.9 6.6 3.7 15.5 5.2 19.1 4.4 19.6 1,708.2 90.6 25.0 111.5 10.6 300.5 754.5 632.4 19.2 29.3 22.2 101.5 23.1 73.5 26.9 94.4 1,792.2 96.4 26.3 122.0 10.7 312.8 781.0 653.3 21.5 30.8 23.4 109.0 24.7 77.6 29.2 98.5 1,727.0 93.9 25.3 116.3 10.7 300.4 753.8 632.4 20.3 29.4 22.3 106.1 23.2 75.5 28.1 93.7 866.6 19.6 154.1 152.6 61.8 867.9 20.2 155.0 148.9 64.8 864.9 20.1 154.7 148.2 64.0 149.0 4.1 49.5 26.7 19.3 155.6 4.3 50.2 26.2 21.1 152.3 4.3 49.8 26.0 21.1 690.0 19.6 150.5 111.8 88.4 742.9 22.8 158.4 115.6 93.6 723.1 22.0 156.0 112.6 91.6 16.2 2.0 4.9 1.6 16.9 2.2 5.4 1.5 16.9 2.1 5.4 1.6 16.6 2.6 4.6 1.5 17.3 2.9 4.9 1.7 16.9 2.9 4.6 1.6 66.7 9.8 21.0 8.6 68.8 10.6 22.2 9.5 68.6 10.2 21.2 9.2 1,118.9 66.6 46.2 144.6 205.4 103.5 105.6 62.6 51.0 1,121.7 67.7 45.6 149.7 208.2 105.2 104.3 60.4 49.6 1,089.2 67.8 45.6 148.9 205.9 103.8 102.8 51.4 41.7 209.9 12.7 5.6 37.7 40.6 30.0 16.8 13.6 7.5 220.4 13.3 5.6 40.5 43.7 31.5 18.0 15.2 8.0 213.9 13.1 5.5 39.8 41.8 30.6 17.8 14.2 7.6 1,127.0 67.6 40.1 182.8 219.2 174.3 98.1 72.4 50.7 1,218.7 73.6 43.0 201.0 235.4 188.9 104.8 77.8 55.2 1,171.3 70.8 41.2 193.1 225.4 181.5 100.0 74.4 53.3 Oklahoma Enid Lawton Oklahoma City Tulsa 161.7 1.5 3.3 48.1 52.2 165.0 1.6 3.5 48.9 53.1 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) 64.1 2.2 1.9 20.2 23.7 66.0 2.2 1.8 20.7 24.5 271.6 6.2 8.3 102.7 71.2 282.5 6.3 8.7 105.1 74.9 (1) (1) (1) Oregon Eugene-Springfield Portland Salem 209.0 20.6 97.0 13.6 216.2 20.8 101.9 13.9 213.2 20.5 100.9 13.5 61.0 4.3 36.3 2.8 65.2 4.6 38.8 2.9 63.6 4.4 37.4 2.8 294.5 28.0 157.8 22.4 324.8 31.2 172.3 24.4 310.9 29.9 165.8 23.4 1,051.3 76.1 10.3 9.1 36.0 51.9 14.3 59.2 368.8 88.9 123.0 1,040.7 75.0 10.2 9.0 35.8 51.1 14.4 58.9 363.0 86.3 122.3 1,036.0 75.1 9.9 9.0 36.2 51.0 14.5 58.6 360.4 84.9 122.6 252.5 14.2 4.5 5.1 4.3 19.1 5.2 7.4 100.7 42.3 47.6 256.8 14.1 4.6 5.2 4.4 19.2 5.2 7.5 99.9 41.3 49.7 250.7 13.7 4.5 5.2 4.3 18.8 5.2 7.3 99.4 42.5 48.8 1,160.9 62.2 13.6 11.3 24.9 70.3 17.0 44.6 514.0 146.8 222.2 1,208.8 65.2 14.5 11.9 26.1 72.7 17.3 47.7 526.7 152.7 232.6 1,173.4 63.1 14.1 11.4 25.0 72.0 17.1 45.8 513.4 147.5 224.1 New Mexico Albuquerque Las Cruces Santa Fe New York Albany-Schenectady-Troy Binghamton Buffalo Elmira Nassau-Suffolk New York PMSA New York City Niagara Falls Orange County Poughkeepsie Rochester Rockland County Syracuse Utica-Rome Westchester County North Carolina Asheville Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point Raleigh-Durham North Dakota Bismarck Fargo-Moorhead Grand Forks Ohio Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton-Springfield Toledo Youngstown-Warren Pennsylvania Allentown-Bethlehem Altoona Beaver County Erie Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle Johnstown Lancaster Philadelphia PMSA Philadelphia City Pittsburgh (1) 0 O (11) () 01 () See footnotes at end of table. 71 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government State and area Jan. 1989 New Mexico Albuquerque Las Cruces Santa Fe . . . . New York Albanv-Schenectadv-Trov Binghamton Buffalo Nassau-Suffolk New York PMSA New York Citv Niagara Falls PouahkeeDsie . . Rochester Rockland Countv Syracuse Utica-Rome Westchester Countv North Carolina Asheville Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill firoen^horo—Winston—Salsm—Hiah Point North Dakota Farao-Moorhead Grand Forks Ohio Akron Cincinnati Davton-SDrinafield Toledo Youngstown-Warren Oklahoma Enjd Oklahoma Citv Euaene-SDrinafield Portland Salem Allentown-Bethlehem £rj0 Harrishura-Lebanon-CarlislG PhiladelDhia PMSA PhilaHplnhia Citv See footnotes at end of table. 72 . . . . Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990? Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P 26.0 14.2 1.6 2.0 26.8 14.3 1.7 1.9 26.7 14.1 1.7 1.9 135.8 68.9 7.1 14.7 139.9 71.2 8.0 15.1 139.6 70.7 7.9 14.7 140.5 45.8 16.2 22.4 148.7 48.7 17.8 23.6 145.0 47.6 17.2 23.2 788.6 24.1 4.1 27.6 1.4 81.3 563.2 527.7 2.0 4.6 4.8 22.4 5.3 19.5 7.1 29.5 795.4 25.1 4.1 28.6 1.4 84.4 566.5 529.8 2.0 4.8 4.9 22.9 5.4 20.2 7.5 30.6 786.6 25.1 4.1 28.4 1.4 83.6 560.7 524.4 2.0 4.8 4.8 22.8 5.4 20.0 7.5 30.2 2,255.4 107.8 22.8 118.3 10.1 287.6 1,274.1 1,124.3 16.5 22.8 28.2 117.5 25.9 71.9 26.4 118.8 2,377.7 113.9 24.8 126.7 10.7 307.2 1,335.5 1,175.5 18.3 23.7 28.8 123.1 27.4 77.8 27.9 127.3 2,322.2 112.9 25.6 124.7 10.7 299.6 1,313.1 1,157.4 17.2 23.5 27.7 121.0 26.9 75.5 27.4 123.8 1,436.7 112.1 21.2 74.7 6.9 183.4 678.4 596.1 12.8 23.2 24.2 66.3 21.4 51.7 30.5 56.9 1,471.1 114.8 22.0 76.2 7.2 189.5 689.2 605.6 13.2 24.4 25.1 68.2 21.9 53.1 32.3 57.6 1,441.9 113.9 21.6 75.3 7.2 185.7 684 5 601.0 13.1 24.3 25.2 66.1 22.4 52.4 31.5 57.1 129.3 2.8 37.4 23.5 23.3 132.9 2.9 38.6 23.5 24.0 131.2 2.8 38.4 23.4 23.8 530.0 18.5 110.0 92.4 101.2 572.4 20.5 117.9 97.7 110.8 568.6 20.1 117.5 96.1 109.5 471.5 12.3 66.3 54.0 90.1 487.9 13.1 72.1 55.5 95.7 478.6 12.9 70.5 55.1 92.1 12.2 1.6 4.4 1.1 12.3 1.5 4.5 1.2 12.2 1.5 4.5 1.2 63.6 11.2 20.4 6.8 66.8 11.8 21.8 7.0 66.4 11.7 21.6 7.0 65.5 8.7 14.8 9.4 67.2 9.0 15.0 10.3 65.8 8.8 15.2 9.7 247.9 10.1 6.8 41.7 56.1 58.8 17.6 11.9 8.4 254.7 10.5 6.8 42.7 57.1 60.0 17.7 12.0 8.7 253.5 10.5 6.8 42.3 56.8 60.0 17.5 12.0 8.7 1,092.4 62.1 36.4 174.2 242.3 163.5 111.3 72.9 44.7 1,150.5 67.1 38.6 187.2 254.6 173.5 116.3 77.1 46.9 1,123.7 65.1 37.7 179.3 248.1 168.9 113.4 75.0 46.0 702.0 39.1 19.1 89.8 116.4 125.4 75.4 44.3 24.5 729.7 46.7 19.7 91.7 119.9 129.3 78.9 45.6 25.5 712.6 42.4 19.6 90.2 118.1 126.9 77.9 44.6 24.7 58.2 1.0 1.6 24.2 16.3 58.2 .9 1.7 24.4 17.3 248.1 5.2 6.0 98.4 74.4 262.5 5.2 6.0 104.1 80.0 O (11) () 0 0 254.5 3.7 11.4 99.2 36.2 255.9 3.9 12.2 101.5 36.9 (1) (1) (1) 73.1 5.3 48.0 5.1 75.4 5.6 49.9 5.5 74.9 5.7 49.5 5.4 268.0 25.6 149.6 20.8 281.1 27.9 157.3 22.3 278.4 27.9 155.4 21.4 214.3 23.3 81.2 31.1 220.9 24.3 84.1 31.5 218.6 23.9 83.5 31.3 291.7 14.2 1.8 1.7 5.3 19.4 4.4 7.1 159.1 69.7 52.1 296.9 14.4 1.9 1.6 5.5 21.0 4.4 7.4 158.8 69.5 54.5 295.7 14.3 1.9 1.6 5.5 21.3 4.4 7.5 158.5 68.7 54.5 1,333.9 66.7 11.3 11.0 27.0 64.8 20.5 37.4 631.3 254.0 282.2 1,392.5 70.7 11.6 11.7 28.7 67.7 21.2 39.6 659.1 263.7 296.5 1,366.6 69.2 11.6 11.3 28.3 66.9 21.1 39.0 646.0 258.7 293.9 687.8 30.4 7.1 7.8 14.1 65.5 12.8 15.3 300.5 140.6 104.2 712.3 31.5 7.3 8.1 14.1 67.4 12.9 16.8 309.5 143.6 110.0 694.6 31.1 7.2 8.0 13.9 67.1 12.7 15.4 308.8 144.1 108.3 (1) 0) (1) 0) 0) 0) 0) ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) (Sonstructior l Mining Total State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Pennsylvania-Continued Reading Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Williamsport York 151.4 297.5 50.5 178.1 158.2 308.7 52.3 182.6 154.2 303.4 50.9 179.8 Rhode Island Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro Providence 453.9 131.2 322.7 463.4 134.8 336.2 453.0 132.0 328.5 1,456.4 192.6 235.3 325.5 1,534.4 201.4 242.4 339.4 1,512.9 199.7 239.7 335.1 262.8 33.9 68.6 277.4 36.9 71.3 270.3 36.2 70.3 Tennessee Chattanooga Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol Knoxville Memphis Nashville 2,085.3 194.2 165.0 254.4 447.5 487.1 2,181.2 196.8 173.1 264.7 462.8 495.4 2,147.9 196.2 169.0 254.4 458.5 492.3 Texas Abilene Amarillo Austin Beaumont-Port Arthur Brazoria Brownsville-Harlingen Bryan-College Station Corpus Christi Dallas El Paso Ft. Worth-Arlington Galveston-Texas City Houston Killeen-Temple Laredo Longview-Marshall Lubbock McAllen-Edinburg-Mission Midland 6,688.5 48.8 75.5 358.1 132.4 60.8 71.1 49.3 124.7 1,324.5 197.4 549.3 71.7 1,462.5 70.9 40.4 66.2 92.8 98.3 44.3 42.3 36.4 506.8 36.9 45.4 60.5 27.5 78.9 49.7 6,904.7 49.0 77.0 368.4 137.2 63.1 74.9 53.4 128.7 1,367.2 206.9 571.2 73.4 1,536.6 74.0 44.2 68.3 97.8 101.8 44.9 42.8 36.8 518.1 37.4 48.1 61.9 28.2 81.7 50.7 6,853.0 48.7 75.6 364.8 136.7 63.1 75.0 50.3 128.7 1,354.3 204.7 564.0 73.6 1,530.4 73.9 44.2 68.0 96.2 98.7 44.7 42.7 36.2 512.1 37.1 47.0 60.8 28.0 81.1 50.7 Utah Provo-Orem Salt Lake City-Ogden 664.4 82.4 456.7 713.7 89.6 490.4 694.2 86.5 478.3 Vermont Barre-Montpelier Burlington 258.6 33.8 78.2 266.9 35.4 82.0 263.0 34.4 79.6 South Carolina Charleston Columbia Greenville-Spartanburg South Dakota Rapid City Sioux Falls Odessa San Angelo San Antonio Sherman-Denison Texarkana Tyler Victoria Waco Wichita Falls Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P ft ft ft 0.5 ft 2 () .5 .4 .1 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 ft 1.7 (2) (2) ft ft 6.3 .8 ft 1.6 3.4 .4 .9 9.2 5.2 .4 2.0 .1 1.8 1.3 1.5 ft 2.5 4.1 .5 67.0 ft ft ft ft 1.6 3.4 .3 .9 8.7 5.2 .6 2.2 .1 1.7 1.4 1.4 ft 17.6 4.6 14.0 1.8 89.1 13.1 14.2 23.0 97,4 14.1 13.9 23.3 97.4 14.4 14.1 23.0 2.6 .3 7.7 1.4 2.5 9.4 1.8 2.6 8.2 1.6 2.5 6.2 .8 87.5 7.3 7.1 12.8 18.1 23.7 98.4 8.0 7.9 15.3 19.1 24.6 92.1 8.1 7.2 12.8 19.0 24.4 306.2 1.6 3.1 11.8 8.7 7.9 2.0 1.8 7.9 46.4 7.4 20.0 5.4 88.6 3.3 1.1 3.0 3.0 3.9 1.3 2.1 1.3 21.8 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4 3.1 1.6 315.3 1.4 3.4 10.8 10.3 8.5 2.1 1.3 10.0 45.8 8.0 21.1 6.1 98.5 2.9 1.4 3.4 3.1 4.3 1.3 2.0 1.1 21.0 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 2.8 1.5 314.1 1.4 3.3 10.8 10.1 8.5 2.1 1.5 10.2 44.1 8.4 20.8 6.2 97.0 3.0 1.4 3.4 2.9 4.2 1.3 2.0 1.1 20.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.8 1.5 21.0 2.2 14.9 26.8 2.5 18.5 22.8 2.3 16.6 16.1 2.0 5.0 18.0 2.7 5.3 16.9 2.6 5.0 1.7 2.8 .5 3.5 17.2 ft 4.1 .6 67.3 ft 1.6 3.4 .3 .9 8.6 5.1 .6 2.2 ft ft .1 1.7 1.4 1.4 8.4 ft .5 ft ft 19.4 5.1 15.4 175.3 1.5 1.2 .6 1.6 2.0 8.4 .4 ft ft .5 3.5 17.1 ft ft 18.3 4.8 13.4 ft ft 174.6 1.5 1.1 .7 1.5 2.0 7.6 ft 1.8 ft ft 175.1 1.5 1.3 .6 1.5 2.0 (2) .5 3.8 17.9 (2) 3.6 .5 65.4 .1 .2 .1 ft ft 6.1 .7 (2) .4 6.5 12.9 2.1 10.1 ft 2.7 .3 2.5 .2 (2) 2.8 .5 ft ft Jan. 1990P 7.1 13.9 2.4 10.7 ft ft ft ft ft ft Dec. 1969 6.2 12.2 2.2 9.7 0.6 1.8 1.9 (2) (2) ft 0.6 Jan. 1989 See footnotes at end of table. 73 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Wholesale and retail trade Transportation and public utilities Manufacturing State and area Jan. 1989 Pennsylvania-Continued Reading Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Williamsport York Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P 49.3 70.9 16.2 62.1 48.4 70.2 16.0 60.2 47.7 69.4 15.8 59.5 6.5 15.7 1.7 7.4 6.7 16.3 1.8 7.5 6.6 16.2 1.8 7.4 33.4 70.7 11.6 42.7 35.9 75.3 12.1 45.3 34.8 72.7 11.8 44.4 Rhode Island Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro Providence 109.4 49.8 69.5 107.3 50.0 70.8 105.3 49.3 69.4 15.1 3.8 11.4 15.2 3.9 11.9 14.9 3.9 11.3 105.3 33.8 71.9 109.6 35.0 76.0 105.4 33.9 73.2 South Carolina Charleston Columbia Greenville-Spartanburg 389.2 21.1 28.7 103.9 393.2 20.5 28.4 103.0 391.0 20.7 28.3 102.6 62.9 10.1 10.9 12.6 64.2 10.4 10.9 13.3 64.1 10.5 10.8 13.1 323.0 47.4 53.4 75.9 347.6 51.1 55.8 80.6 338.1 49.8 54.6 78.7 31.1 3.4 8.7 31.3 3.8 8.3 31.2 3.7 8.2 13.1 1.8 5.1 13.3 2.0 5.1 13.0 1.9 5.2 68.6 9.8 19.2 74.3 10.9 20.6 71.7 10.5 19.9 Tennessee Chattanooga Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol Knoxville Memphis Nashville 514.1 47.2 53.0 51.8 60.9 89.5 524.2 46.9 54.7 51.8 61.3 90.5 523.3 47.0 54.4 51.8 61.0 90.1 110.0 8.1 6.2 10.4 42.8 26.7 116.3 7.7 6.3 10.4 46.8 26.4 114.1 7.6 6.3 10.4 46.7 26.4 494.3 47.3 37.6 65.3 121.9 119.8 518.1 46.8 40.0 68.8 127.3 119.4 504.2 46.2 38.7 65.3 124.5 118.6 Texas Abilene Amarillo Austin Beaumont-Port Arthur Brazoria Brownsville-Harlingen Bryan-College Station Corpus Christi Dallas El Paso Ft. Worth-Arlington Galveston-Texas City Houston Killeen-Temple Laredo Longview-Marshall Lubbock McAllen-Edinburg-Mission Midland Odessa San Angelo San Antonio Sherman-Denison Texarkana Tyler Victoria Waco Wichita Falls 964.1 4.8 8.9 42.7 24.7 15.6 10.1 3.3 11.8 222.4 40.0 119.1 8.4 159.5 8.4 1.8 15.7 7.4 13.4 2.3 4.0 5.4 48.0 10.8 7.5 10.8 3.4 14.8 8.2 969.3 4.9 9.1 45.5 24.7 16.1 10.8 3.7 11.4 223.2 40.9 120.0 8.9 163.2 8.8 1.8 16.2 7.4 13.4 2.3 4.1 5.4 48.7 11.0 7.3 10.7 3.1 15.7 8.5 961.8 4.9 9.1 45.3 24.6 16.2 10.7 3.7 11.4 220.9 40.4 117.3 9.1 163.1 8.7 1.9 16.3 7.5 12.3 2.3 4.1 5.2 48.0 10.9 7.2 10.5 3.1 15.9 8.4 392.8 2.5 5.5 10.9 9.6 2.6 3.0 1.3 6.6 74.5 10.8 50.0 4.7 103.2 2.6 5.4 3.2 5.1 2.9 2.3 1.9 3.0 19.4 1.7 2.1 2.5 1.3 3.4 2.5 406.9 2.6 5.7 11.3 9.5 2.6 3.2 1.5 6.8 80.2 10.3 53.7 4.7 106.5 2.7 6.2 3.3 5.7 3.1 2.3 1.9 2.7 19.5 1.5 2.4 2.7 1.2 3.5 2.5 405.7 2.6 5.7 11.1 9.4 2.5 3.1 1.4 6.7 79.7 10.2 53.3 4.7 106.4 2.7 6.2 3.3 5.8 3.1 2.3 1.9 2.7 19.3 1.5 2.3 2.7 1.3 3.5 2.5 1,661.5 13.5 21.9 77.8 31.4 11.4 19.1 11.2 31.6 341.2 49.2 141.5 13.6 361.3 16.2 12.9 17.1 27.1 31.3 10.5 12.4 9.2 129.5 7.9 10.3 16.5 7.6 18.4 11.6 1,719.9 13.5 22.4 80.6 32.8 11.7 20.4 11.8 31.9 358.2 53.5 146.7 13.7 379.6 17.1 14.3 17.3 28.5 32.8 11.1 12.8 9.0 131.9 8.2 11.3 16.7 7.6 19.1 12.2 1,685.9 13.2 21.5 78.2 32.6 11.7 20.4 11.3 31.8 352.7 52.2 144.0 13.5 375.2 16.7 14.2 17.1 27.7 31.2 11.0 12.7 8.7 129.3 7.9 10.7 16.2 7.5 18.4 11.9 Utah Provo-Orem Salt Lake City-Ogden 100.3 13.5 64.9 104.0 13.5 67.0 101.5 13.0 65.8 39.8 2.5 30.6 43.2 2.6 32.6 42.0 2.6 32.3 158.4 17.7 114.3 176.6 21.0 125.7 168.9 19.6 119.9 48.4 4.4 16.6 47.0 5.1 15.8 46.2 4.6 15.6 10.4 .8 3.4 10.7 .9 3.5 10.6 .9 3.5 61.6 7.8 19.6 63.7 7.9 20.7 62.5 7.9 20.0 South Dakota Rapid City Sioux Falls Vermont Barre-Montpelier Burlington See footnotes at end of table. 74 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Government Services Finance, insurance, a nd real estate State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Pennsylvania-Continued Reading Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Williamsport York 8.6 12.8 2.4 4.9 8.9 13.3 2.3 5.0 9.0 13.5 2.3 5.1 30.5 74.1 10.1 32.3 32.8 75.9 10.5 34.6 32.1 76.4 10.4 33.9 16.9 40.6 6.3 18.5 18.4 43.2 7.2 18.9 17.5 41.7 6.7 19.0 Rhode Island Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro Providence 26.6 3.8 22.1 27.4 4.0 22.2 26.6 3.9 21.2 119.6 24.7 88.7 124.8 26.4 94.4 123.6 26.1 93.9 59.5 10.3 45.6 59.6 10.2 45.4 59.5 10.1 45.4 South Carolina Charleston Columbia Greenville-Spartanburg 65.4 8.6 17.8 12.0 68.5 8.4 18.4 12.4 68.3 8.4 18.4 12.2 258.6 40.2 46.3 57.9 278.8 42.2 47.5 63.7 275.8 41.8 46.9 63.9 266.3 52.1 64.0 40.2 282.9 54.7 67.5 43.1 276.4 54.1 66.6 41.6 South Dakota Rapid City Sioux Falls 15.0 1.6 6.9 16.2 1.6 7.6 16.1 1.5 7.6 63.9 8.7 18.7 67.0 9.3 19.0 65.5 9.3 18.6 60.8 6.9 7.6 63.5 7.4 7.9 61.7 7.2 7.9 Tennessee Chattanooga Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol Knoxville Memphis Nashville 102.2 12.4 5.4 10.0 25.2 32.4 103.5 12.8 5.3 9.7 26.1 32.3 102.6 12.9 5.3 10.0 25.9 32.1 440.8 37.0 31.3 51.8 103.3 125.9 472.2 40.5 32.3 55.6 107.9 132.4 464.4 40.1 31.8 51.8 106.9 131.7 330.3 34.1 24.5 50.5 75.3 69.1 342.3 33.3 26.6 51.2 74.3 69.8 341.0 33.5 25.3 50.5 74.5 69.0 Texas Abilene Amarillo Austin Beaumont-Port Arthur Brazoria Brownsville-Harlingen Bryan-College Station Corpus Christi Dallas El Paso Ft. Worth-Arlington Galveston-Texas City Houston Killeen-Temple Laredo Longview-Marshall Lubbock McAllen-Edinburg-Mission Midland Odessa San Angelo San Antonio Sherman-Denison Texarkana Tyler Victoria Waco Wichita Falls 431.6 2.4 4.2 23.4 5.2 1.8 3.5 1.7 6.4 129.2 8.8 27.3 4.4 100.1 3.0 1.7 2.8 5.2 4.1 2.5 1.6 1.7 40.2 1.9 1.8 3.4 1.5 4.9 2.3 431.8 2.2 4.0 23.9 5.3 1.8 3.8 1.8 6.4 130.1 8.4 27.9 4.4 101.3 3.1 1.8 2.7 5.4 4.4 2.4 1.6 1.7 41.3 1.9 1.8 3.5 1.5 5.1 2.3 431.6 2.2 4.0 23.6 5.3 1.8 3.8 1.8 6.4 129.6 8.6 27.9 4.5 100.0 3.2 1.9 2.7 5.4 4.3 2.4 1.6 1.7 41.2 2.0 1.8 3.4 1.5 5.1 2.4 1,555.4 13.5 16.6 86.9 30.5 8.3 16.2 8.8 29.1 338.8 39.4 118.0 13.2 391.9 16.3 6.8 12.3 22.9 16.2 9.6 7.4 8.5 127.6 8.5 9.8 14.3 6.0 21.5 12.3 1,640.8 14.0 17.0 91.3 31.9 8.8 17.4 8.9 30.3 352.5 41.9 123.8 13.4 420.7 17.5 7.4 13.3 23.9 16.8 9.6 7.5 8.9 132.8 8.8 10.5 15.0 5.9 22.5 12.6 1,632.1 14.0 16.7 91.3 32.0 8.8 17.6 9.0 30.3 349.5 41.4 122.8 13.3 421.1 17.4 7.3 13.1 23.5 16.6 9.6 7.5 8.8 130.8 8.7 10.5 14.9 5.9 22.4 12.7 1,201.8 9.0 14.0 104.0 20.8 11.2 17.2 20.7 27.5 154.1 41.8 69.8 21.5 192.5 21.1 9.1 8.7 21.7 25.6 6.6 7.7 6.9 118.3 4.5 12.3 9.6 5.0 12.8 9.7 1,246.1 8.9 14.3 104.3 21.2 11.6 17.2 23.9 28.4 160.1 43.9 73.9 21.7 199.8 21.9 9.7 8.7 23.5 26.1 7.2 7.7 7.4 120.7 4.4 13.1 9.9 5.8 13.0 9.7 1,246.5 8.9 14.1 103.9 21.1 11.6 17.3 21.1 28.4 160.6 43.5 73.8 21.7 200.3 22.2 9.7 8.7 23.1 26.1 7.2 7.8 7.4 120.6 4.4 12.8 9.8 5.6 13.0 9.9 Utah Provo-Orem Salt Lake City-Ogden 32.9 2.3 26.8 33.8 2.3 27.5 33.4 2.2 27.2 158.8 30.3 107.3 172.8 33.6 118.3 169.0 32.8 114.8 145.6 13.9 95.4 148.1 14.1 98.0 148.2 14.0 S8.9 Vermont Barre-Montpelier Burlington 12.5 3.1 3.8 13.0 3.1 4.1 13.1 3.1 4.1 67.9 8.0 18.1 68.7 7.8 19.9 70.0 7.9 19.6 41.3 7.7 11.7 45.3 7.9 12.7 43.2 7.4 11.8 See footnotes at end of table. 75 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Total Mining Constructior State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990? Virginia Bristol Charlottesville Danville Lynchburg Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News Northern Virginia Richmond-Petersburg Roanoke 2,779.0 32.4 67.2 41.7 75.1 562.0 753.7 458.0 123.3 2,913.4 34.1 78.0 43.4 77.4 592.0 789.8 478.0 126.3 2,867.3 33.4 75.3 43.2 76.7 579.7 779.2 471.4 124.6 15.7 (2) Washington Seattle 1,952.6 1,008.6 2,104.9 1,091.5 2,070.4 1,073.6 3.3 .5 3.5 .6 600.7 105.5 105.6 59.3 58.2 621.0 110.1 112.0 61.8 60.8 610.3 109.0 109.4 60.6 59.7 35.3 1.9 1.3 .5 2.2 35.4 2.0 1.4 .5 2.1 2,152.9 150.7 57.2 96.4 57.6 40.3 52.1 203.1 725.8 74.2 49.8 2,262.0 159.1 61.7 104.1 59.8 40.7 54.4 216.6 763.6 78.2 54.6 2,209.7 155.1 59.1 103.2 55.6 39.7 53.1 210.3 750.5 76.8 53.3 182.4 193.8 189.9 West Virginia Charleston Huntington-Ashland Parkersburg-Marietta Wheeling Wisconsin Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah Eau Claire Green Bay Janesville-Beloit Kenosha La Crosse Madison Milwaukee Racine Wausau Wyoming Puerto Rico Caguas Mayaguez Ponce San Juan Virgin Islands See footnotes at end of table. 76 819.5 52.2 58.2 53.1 508.2 42.0 0 O 0) (1) 0 39.9 Jan. 1989 ft2 (2) (2) () 39.8 .5 .8 2 15.2 (2) 2 () ft ft ft .6 .8 16.6 .8 ft .4 15.1 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P 185.0 1.1 4.0 2.0 3.6 35.7 60.1 29.5 7.3 188.4 1.1 4.3 2.2 3.5 37.3 59.9 29.6 7.6 184.9 1.0 4.0 2.1 3.3 36.0 56.7 29.5 7.2 3.6 .5 91.2 50.1 109.1 58.1 102.3 55.7 35.2 2.0 1.4 .5 2.1 19.8 3.8 3.7 2.5 1.8 22.8 3.9 5.5 3.2 2.0 20.9 3.8 5.6 3.0 1.7 1.6 65.6 6.0 1.5 3.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 6.9 22.4 1.9 1.8 82.3 7.2 1.8 5.0 1.9 1.7 1.8 7.7 28.2 3.0 2.2 77.5 6.7 1.7 5.9 2.1 1.6 1.6 7.2 26.9 2.5 2.0 ft ft ft ft ft .6 .8 2.0 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft2 () ft2 () ft ft ft Jan. 1989 ft 1.5 (2) (2) ft ft ft Jan. 1990P ft () (1) 0 0) O O Dec. 1989 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 17.1 16.9 1 8.0 O ft ft ft1 () () ft ft ft1 () 42.1 (1) 1 () (1) 30.1 ft ft 2.4 9.2 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) 8.8 (1) (1) (1) (1) O 2.4 2.4 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990? Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990? Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Virginia Bristol Charlottesville Danville Lynchburg Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News Northern Virginia Richmond-Petersburg Roanoke 424.8 10.4 9.0 16.9 24.0 66.7 34.8 64.5 19.8 428.2 10.9 9.2 17.2 23.8 67.5 35.3 64.4 19.8 424.8 10.8 9.0 17.2 23.9 65.9 35.0 64.2 19.7 146.4 1.3 2.6 1.0 2.9 26.6 52.4 24.1 8.0 154.0 1.3 2.7 1.0 3.0 26.9 55.3 25.2 7.8 153.0 1.3 2.7 1.1 2.9 26.9 55.8 24.6 7.8 640.7 8.5 14.1 8.8 16.5 139.0 171.7 110.5 33.5 685.2 9.1 15.4 9.5 17.5 149.0 183.1 117.1 34.8 659.2 8.7 15.1 9.2 17.0 142.8 177.2 112.0 33.5 Washington Seattle 343.8 204.9 366.4 221.1 363.7 219.9 102.0 61.8 111.9 69.1 111.3 67.9 479.4 246.6 522.6 266.8 508.0 256.6 86.8 10.5 20.0 14.1 7.1 87.4 10.9 20.6 14.2 7.2 87.3 10.8 20.4 14.0 7.2 35.6 8.5 8.1 2.4 3.2 36.5 9.3 8.0 2.5 3.4 36.3 9.3 7.1 2.5 3.3 141.9 28.0 26.6 14.7 16.0 148.4 29.6 29.0 15.5 17.3 143.2 29.0 28.1 14.9 16.8 550.6 52.7 11.3 23.6 19.1 12.3 10.9 24.4 174.5 26.3 13.9 552.4 53.6 11.4 24.6 18.2 9.9 10.3 25.0 173.6 26.5 15.2 544.7 53.6 10.6 24.5 14.5 9.6 10.0 24.8 172.8 26.5 15.0 96.5 5.1 3.3 7.0 2.3 1.0 2.3 6.8 35.3 2.3 2.8 102.3 5.4 3.4 7.3 2.3 1.6 2.3 6.8 37.9 2.4 3.1 97.6 5.4 3.4 7.1 2.5 1.6 2.3 6.7 35.8 2.1 2.9 509.3 32.7 16.1 25.5 13.4 9.6 14.5 46.9 167.6 17.2 12.5 542.6 36.3 17.3 27.2 13.7 10.7 14.7 51.8 178.4 18.5 14.1 528.9 34.1 16.6 26.5 13.4 10.3 14.4 49.3 175.6 18.1 13.6 8.4 9.0 8.8 13.9 14.6 14.1 41.3 West Virginia Charleston Huntington-Ashland Parkersburg-Marietta Wheeling Wisconsin Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah Eau Claire Green Bay Janesville-Beloit Kenosha , La Crosse Madison Milwaukee Racine Wausau Wyoming Puerto Rico Caguas Mayaguez Ponce San Juan Virgin Islands 155.1 16.4 20.8 9.8 65.1 2.2 1 0) (11) () (11) () 18.1 (1) (1) (1) 14.7 () (1> (1) (1) (1) 2.1 1.9 2.4 1 0) (11) (1) (1) () () (1) (1) (1) (1) 2.1 149.3 11.4 7.8 8.9 103.3 2.1 10.3 44.6 1 43.5 1 () (1) (1) (1) (1) () (1) (1) (1) O 9.7 9.8 See footnotes at end of table. 77 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued (In thousands) Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 667.1 51.4 40.0 8.9 108.8 69.3 115.1 72.6 23.8 6.1 3.7 2.1 2.8 148.3 1.2 4.3 1.3 3.6 25.7 153.7 1.2 4.7 1.3 3.7 27.0 50.1 37.8 8.8 Washington . Seattle Wisconsin Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah . Eau Claire Green Bay Janesville-Beloit Kenosha La Crosse Madison Milwaukee Racine Wausau Wyoming. Puerto Rico . Caguas Mayaguez... Ponce San Juan .... Virgin Islands. 1 4.8 Dec. 1989 707.1 5.1 13.4 Jan. 1990P 12.7 6.3 15.1 137.0 242.0 147.4 254.4 97.8 30.5 104.3 31.7 5.0 13.6 6.7 16.2 144.8 252.7 103.9 31.8 114.5 72.2 448.7 237.1 486.9 258.6 24.1 6.3 3.8 2.2 3.0 24.2 6.3 3.8 2.2 3.0 132.8 26.2 23.2 13.5 16.0 115.9 7.3 1.9 3.6 1.6 1.3 1.5 18.5 49.1 2.3 3.5 119.4 7.5 1.9 4.1 1.7 1.3 1.7 19.0 51.0 2.4 3.4 118.3 7.4 1.9 4.1 1.7 1.3 1.6 18.7 50.6 2.4 3.4 489.3 30.1 12.9 22.2 12.7 8.7 14.6 45.4 7.2 7.2 7.2 6.6 1.9 578.4 5.4 26.3 9.7 15.4 96.6 15.7 96.8 15.8 480.6 257.0 375.4 138.3 389.4 144.6 386.4 143.8 138.7 27.7 24.2 14.3 138.1 27.7 24.1 14.2 16.6 124.7 20.5 19.0 9.5 9.1 127.7 20.4 19.5 125.1 20.1 9.4 9.2 9.3 9.0 507.4 30.9 14.2 23.4 13.5 9.2 15.3 47.3 204.0 16.8 10.2 324.3 16.7 10.3 11.1 6.9 6.0 7.0 54.2 345.1 333.6 17.1 194.1 16.2 9.2 515.8 31.5 14.2 24.6 13.7 9.2 15.6 47.5 208.0 16.9 10.2 6.1 11.7 11.2 8.2 6.3 8.0 58.6 86.1 8.5 6.4 32.5 35.3 35.2 54.5 56.8 9.8 8.4 9.4 131.3 142.1 93.0 82.4 8.0 297.1 16.1 19.4 17.2 177.6 () 01 1.8 581.6 5.4 28.3 Jan. 1990* 136.6 149.5 10.0 88.6 1.9 551.0 5.1 20.5 5.4 Dec. 1989 5.6 9.6 1 28.5 Jan. 1989 136.9 149.8 16.3 120.9 35.9 Not available. 2 Combined with construction. P = preliminary. NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication. 78 Jan. 1989 152.9 1.2 4.6 1.3 3.7 26.7 51.7 39.6 8.8 Virginia Bristol Charlottesville Danville Lynchburg Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News Northern Virginia Richmond-Petersburg Roanoke West Virginia Charleston Huntington-Ashland.... Parkersburg-Marietta., Wheeling Jan. 1990P 8.5 13.0 17.7 () 0 0) 0) 13.3 5.6 18.9 10.7 11.6 8.0 6.2 7.9 56.3 84.6 8.3 6.2 55.4 0) 0) 0)1 () O 13.3 All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1989 benchmarks, and industry detail are classified in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual. Data for the Memphis, Tennessee metropolitan area now include DeSota County, Mississippi. ESTABLISHMENT DATA HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date Total private1 Year and month Mining Construction Weekly hours Hourly earnings Weekly earnings $117.74 123.52 130.24 135.89 142.71 154.80 37.2 37.4 37.6 37.7 37.3 37.9 $3.55 3.70 3.89 4.11 4.41 4.79 $132.06 138.38 146.26 154.95 164.49 181.54 3.85 4.06 4.44 4.75 5.23 5.95 6.46 6.94 7.67 8.49 164.40 172.14 189.14 201.40 219.14 249.31 273.90 301.20 332.88 365.07 37.3 37.2 36.5 36.8 36.6 36.4 36.8 36.5 36.8 37.0 5.24 5.69 6.06 6.41 6.81 7.31 7.71 8.10 8.66 9.27 195.45 211.67 221.19 235.89 249.25 266.08 283.73 295.65 318.69 342.99 9.17 10.04 10.77 11.28 11.63 11.98 12.46 12.54 12.75 13.14 397.06 438.75 459.88 479.40 503.58 519.93 525.81 531.70 539.33 562.39 37.0 36.9 36.7 37.1 37.8 37.7 37.4 37.8 37.9 37.9 9.94 10.82 11.63 11.94 12.13 12.32 12.48 12.71 13.01 13.37 367.78 399.26 426.82 442.97 458.51 464.46 466.75 480.44 493.08 506.72 Weekly hours Hourly earnings Weekly earnings Weekly hours Hourly earnings 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 38.7 38.8 38.6 38.0 37.8 37.7 $2.36 2.46 2.56 2.68 2.85 3.04 $91.33 95.45 98.82 101.84 107.73 114.61 41.9 42.3 42.7 42.6 42.6 43.0 $2.81 2.92 3.05 3.19 3.35 3.60 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 37.1 36.9 37.0 36.9 36.5 36.1 36.1 36.0 35.8 35.7 3.23 3.45 3.70 3.94 4.24 4.53 4.86 5.25 5.69 6.16 119.83 127.31 136.90 145.39 154.76 163.53 175.45 189.00 203.70 219.91 42.7 42.4 42.6 42.4 41.9 41.9 42.4 43.4 43.4 43.0 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 35.3 35.2 34.8 35.0 35.2 34.9 34.8 34.8 34.7 34.7 6.66 7.25 7.68 8.02 8.32 8.57 8.76 8.98 9.29 9.66 235.10 255.20 267.26 280.70 292.86 299.09 304.85 312.50 322.36 335.20 43.3 43.7 42.7 42.5 43.3 43.4 42.2 42.4 42.3 42.8 Weekly earnings Annual averages Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted 1989: February ... March April May June July August September October November. December. 1990: January".... February" .. 34.3 34.4 34.8 34.5 34.8 35.1 34.9 34.7 34.8 34.5 34.7 $9.55 9.56 9.62 9.59 9.58 9.63 9.61 9.77 9.81 9.81 9.84 $327.57 328.86 334.78 330.86 333.38 338.01 335.39 339.02 341.39 338.45 341.45 41.7 42.0 42.8 42.0 42.6 42.5 43.2 43.7 43.9 43.6 43.7 $13.22 13.15 13.19 13.13 13.03 12.95 13.11 13.15 13.10 13.13 13.31 $551.27 552.30 564.53 551.46 555.08 550.38 566.35 574.66 575.09 572.47 581.65 36.2 37.4 37.9 37.7 38.0 38.9 39.0 38.6 39.2 38.1 37.0 $13.21 13.26 13.30 13.28 13.24 13.33 13.33 13.48 13.52 13.51 13.64 $478.20 495.92 504.07 500.66 503.12 518.54 519.87 520.33 529.98 514.73 504.68 34.2 34.3 9.87 9.90 337.55 339.57 43.2 43.0 13.27 13.33 573.26 573.19 37.6 37.2 13.41 13.41 504.22 498.85 See footnotes at end of table. 79 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued Transportation and public utilities Manufacturing Year and month Hourly earnings, excluding overtime Weekly earnings Weekly hours Weekly earnings Weekly hours Hourly earnings Weekly earnings $2.89 3.03 3.11 3.23 3.42 3.63 $118.78 125.14 128.13 130.82 138.85 147.74 40.7 40.8 40.7 40.3 40.1 40.2 $2.52 2.61 2.73 2.88 3.05 3.23 $102.56 106.49 111.11 116.06 122.31 129.85 40.5 40.1 40.4 40.5 40.2 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.0 39.9 3.85 4.21 4.65 5.02 5.41 5.88 6.45 6.99 7.57 8.16 155.93 168.82 187.86 203.31 217.48 233.44 256.71 278.90 302.80 325.58 39.9 39.5 39.4 39.3 38.8 38.7 38.7 38.8 38.8 38.8 3.44 3.65 3.85 4.08 4.39 4.73 5.03 5.39 5.88 6.39 137.26 144.18 151.69 160.34 170.33 183.05 194.66 209.13 228.14 247.93 39.6 39.4 39.0 39.0 39.4 39.5 39.2 39.2 39.3 39.4 8.87 9.70 10.32 10.79 11.12 11.40 11.70 12.03 12.32 12.57 351.25 382.18 402.48 420.81 438.13 450.30 458.64 471.58 484.18 495.26 38.5 38.5 38.3 38.5 38.5 38.4 38.3 38.1 38.1 38.1 6.96 7.56 8.09 8.55 8.89 9.16 9.35 9.60 9.94 10.38 267.96 291.06 309.85 329.18 342.27 351.74 358.11 365.76 378.71 395.48 Weekly hours Hourly earnings 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 40.7 41.2 41.4 40.6 40.7 40.6 $2.53 2.61 2.71 2.82 3.01 3.19 $2.43 2.50 2.59 2.71 2.88 3.05 $102.97 107.53 112..9 114.49 122.51 129.51 41.1 41.3 41.2 40.5 40.6 40.7 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 39.8 39.9 40.5 40.7 40.0 39.5 40.1 40.3 40.4 40.2 3.35 3.57 3.82 4.09 4.42 4.83 5.22 5.68 6.17 6.70 3.23 3.45 3.66 3.91 4.25 4.67 5.02 5.44 5.91 6.43 133.33 142.44 154.71 166.46 176.80 190.79 209.32 228.90 249.27 269.34 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 39.7 39.8 38.9 40.1 40.7 40.5 40.7 41.0 41.1 41.0 7.27 7.99 8.49 8.83 9.19 9.54 9.73 9.91 10.18 10.47 7.02 7.72 8.25 8.52 8.82 9.16 9.34 9.48 9.72 10.01 288.62 318.00 330.26 354.08 374.03 386.37 396.01 406.31 418.40 429.27 Hourly earnings Wholesale trade Annual averages Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted 1989: February ... March April May June July August September October November. December. 1990: January".... February".. 40.8 41.0 41.0 40.9 41.1 40.5 40.8 41.2 40.9 41.1 41.3 $10.38 10.41 10.41 10.42 10.44 10.47 10.44 10.55 10.52 10.58 10.67 $9.92 9.94 9.95 9.98 9.98 10.02 9.97 10.05 10.04 10.10 10.19 $423.50 426.81 426.81 426.18 429.08 424.04 425.95 434.66 430.27 434.84 440.67 39.1 39.2 39.8 39.3 39.6 39.8 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.1 39.3 $12.50 12.46 12.51 12.49 12.48 12.58 12.56 12.70 12.69 12.67 12.76 $488.75 488.43 497.90 490.86 494.21 500.68 494.86 500.38 499.99 495.40 501.47 37.8 37.9 38.2 37.9 38.1 38.3 38.1 38.1 38.3 38.1 38.2 $10.23 10.21 10.36 10.28 10.31 10.40 10.35 10.47 10.50 10.55 10.62 $386.69 386.96 395.75 389.61 392.81 398.32 394.34 398.91 402.15 401.96 405.68 40.6 40.4 10.59 10.69 10.15 10.26 429.95 431.88 38.8 39.1 12.76 12.77 495.09 499.31 37.8 37.7 10.59 10.62 400.30 400.37 See footnotes at end of table. 80 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued Finance, insurance, and real estate Retail trade Year and month Weekly hours Hourly earnings Weekly earnings $85.79 88.91 92.13 95.72 101.75 108.70 36.1 35.9 35.5 35.1 34.7 34.7 $1.94 2.05 2.17 2.29 2.42 2.61 $70.03 73.60 77.04 80.38 83.97 90.57 3.07 3.22 3.36 3.53 3.77 4.06 4.27 4.54 4.89 5.27 112.67 117.85 122.98 129.20 137.61 148.19 155.43 165.26 178.00 190.77 34.4 33.9 33.9 33.8 33.6 33.5 33.3 33.0 32.8 32.7 2.81 3.04 3.27 3.47 3.75 4.02 4.31 4.65 4.99 5.36 96.66 103.06 110.85 117.29 126.00 134.67 143.52 153.45 163.67 175.27 5.79 6.31 6.78 7.29 7.63 7.94 8.36 8.73 9.09 9.57 209.60 229.05 245.44 263.90 278.50 289.02 304.30 316.90 326.33 343.56 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.7 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 5.85 6.41 6.92 7.31 7.59 7.90 8.18 8.49 8.91 9.39 190.71 208.97 225.59 239.04 247.43 256.75 265.85 275.93 290.47 306.11 Weekly earnings Weekly hours 1964... 1965... 1966... 1967... 1968... 1969... $64.75 66.61 68.57 70.95 74.95 78.66 37.3 37.2 37.3 37.1 37.0 37.1 $2.30 2.39 2.47 2.58 2.75 2.93 1970... 1971 ... 1972... 1973... 1974... 1975... 1976... 1977... 1978... 1979... 82.47 87.62 91.85 102.68 108.86 114.60 121.66 130.20 138.62 36.7 36.6 36.6 36.6 36.5 36.5 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.2 1980... 1981 ... 1982... 1983... 1984... 1985... 1986..., 1987..., 1988.... 1989..., 147.38 158.03 163.85 171.05 174.33 174.64 176.08 178.70 183.62 189.01 36.2 36.3 36.2 36.2 36.5 36.4 36.4 36.3 35.9 35.9 Weekly hours Hourly earnings Services Hourly earnings Weekly earnings Annual averages 96.32 Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted 1989: February ... March April May June July August September October November. December. 1990: January".... February" .. 28.3 28.5 28.9 28.8 29.2 29.9 29.6 28.9 28.9 28.6 29.2 $6.47 6.48 6.52 6.49 6.49 6.49 6.50 6.61 6.62 6.64 6.66 $183.10 184.68 188.43 186.91 189.51 194.05 192.40 191.03 191.32 189.90 194.47 35.8 35.8 36.3 35.6 35.8 36.3 35.8 35.7 36.1 35.7 35.7 $9.47 9.43 9.59 9.48 9.48 9.59 9.50 9.62 9.71 9.69 9.76 $339.03 337.59 348.12 337.49 339.38 348.12 340.10 343.43 350.53 345.93 348.43 32.4 32.4 32.8 32.4 32.7 33.1 32.9 32.6 32.8 32.6 32.5 $9.28 9.29 9.34 9.30 9.26 9.33 9.29 9.49 9.59 9.61 9.69 $300.67 301.00 306.35 301.32 302.80 308.82 305.64 309.37 314.55 313.29 314.93 28.1 28.3 6.74 6.74 189.39 190.74 35.7 35.9 9.83 9.84 350.93 353.26 32.4 32.5 9.73 9.75 315.25 316.88 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. p = preliminary. NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1988 forward are subject to revision. 81 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry Industry 1972 SIC Code Total private Mining Average weekly hours Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Average overtime hours Feb. 1990p 34.7 34.5 34.7 34.2 34.3 42.8 42.2 43.7 43.2 43.0 Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p Metal mining Iron ores Copper ores 10 101 102 42.8 42.6 45.8 42.3 43.2 44.2 42.5 42.1 45.9 42.7 43.5 47.6 Coal mining Bituminous coal and lignite mining 11,12 12 42.9 43.0 42.8 42.9 44.2 44.3 44.6 44.6 13 Oil and gas extraction Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2 138 Oil and gas field services 42.0 42.4 41.8 41.5 42.9 40.7 43.7 44.9 43.1 42.6 41.8 43.0 Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels 45.6 46.6 43.1 43.7 43.9 43.8 43.8 43.9 37.9 36.5 37.0 37.6 15 152 153 154 37.4 36.6 38.1 38.4 36.8 35.6 38.1 38.0 36.8 36.1 37.5 37.7 37.5 36.4 37.3 38.7 16 161 162 41.7 42.3 41.4 38.4 36.5 39.1 39.7 37.7 40.5 41.7 40.5 42.1 17 171 172 173 174 175 176 37.1 38.6 35.8 38.9 34.8 34.9 33.7 35.9 38.1 34.9 38.2 33.7 33.9 31.2 36.4 38.7 35.3 39.2 33.5 34.7 31.2 36.6 38.4 35.0 38.8 34.6 34.3 32.7 41.0 41.0 41.3 40.6 40.4 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.5 3.4 3.5 14 142 Crushed and broken stone 37.2 Construction General building contractors Residential building construction Operative builders Nonresidential building construction Heavy construction contractors Highway and street construction Heavy construction, except highway Special trade contractors Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning Painting, paper hanging, and decorating Electrical work Masonry, stonework, and plastering Carpentering and flooring Roofing and sheet metal work Manufacturing Durable goods 41.6 41.8 41.9 41.2 41.1 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.6 Lumber and wood products Logging camps and logging contractors Sawmills and planing mills Sawmills and planing mills, general Hardwood dimension and flooring Millwork, plywood, and structural members Millwork Wood kitchen cabinets Hardwood veneer and plywood Softwood veneer and plywood Wood containers Wood buildings and mobile homes Mobile homes Miscellaneous wood products 24 241 242 2421 2426 243 2431 2434 2435 2436 244 245 2451 249 40.1 40.6 41.2 41.5 40.0 39.8 39.1 39.1 40.8 42.6 38.7 37.9 37.8 39.9 39.7 38.6 41.2 41.4 40.8 39.4 39.1 37.8 40.8 42.9 38.4 37.6 37.7 39.7 40.2 39.3 41.2 41.5 40.2 40.5 39.8 39.8 41.9 43.1 38.6 36.5 37.0 41.0 39.7 39.6 41.1 41.4 39.5 39.4 38.7 38.5 41.5 41.9 38.3 37.1 37.1 40.2 39.4 3.6 5.1 4.2 4.5 3.1 3.1 2.2 3.0 3.7 5.2 3.3 1.9 1.7 3.0 3.2 3.9 4.0 4.2 3.2 2.9 2.1 2.3 3.9 5.4 3.0 1.9 2.0 2.8 3.6 4.6 4.3 4.6 3.2 3.3 2.5 3.3 4.2 5.1 3.2 1.4 1.4 3.4 3.4 5.1 4.2 4.6 2.9 2.8 1.9 2.5 4.0 4.9 3.2 1.3 1.2 3.0 Furniture and fixtures Household furniture Wood household furniture Upholstered household furniture Metal household furniture Mattresses and bedsprings Office furniture Public building and related furniture Partitions and fixtures Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures 25 251 2511 2512 2514 2515 252 253 254 259 39.5 39.0 39.6 37.9 40.0 39.3 39.9 40.1 41.3 39.6 39.4 39.0 39.5 38.1 39.8 38.2 40.4 40.2 40.1 38.6 40.3 39.5 39.7 39.2 41.4 38.5 41.6 41.7 41.6 40.6 39.3 38.5 39.3 36.9 40.6 38.4 40.9 41.2 40.3 38.7 38.8 2.7 2.4 2.7 1.8 2.9 2.9 2.6 3.6 3.9 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.5 1.8 2.7 2.4 2.8 3.5 3.4 1.9 2.9 2.6 2.8 2.5 3.3 2.3 2.9 4.0 3.6 3.1 2.4 2.2 2.6 1.4 2.9 2.8 2.7 3.1 2.9 2.3 Stone, clay, and glass products Flat glass 32 321 322 42.3 44.2 41.8 41.5 46.3 41.8 41.4 43.8 41.4 41.2 42.3 41.4 40.9 5.0 6.0 4.6 4.5 8.2 4.2 4.5 6.3 4.7 4.4 5.5 4.4 Glass and glassware, pressed or blown See footnotes at end of table. 82 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry 1972 SIC Code Total private Mining Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings Avg. 1969 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p $9.66 $9.54 $9.84 $9.87 $9.90 $335.20 $329.13 $341.45 $337.55 $339.57 13.14 13.20 13.31 13.27 13.33 562.39 557.04 581.65 573.26 573.19 Metal mining Iron ores Copper ores 10 101 102 13.67 14.24 11.80 13.80 15.19 11.84 13.51 13.95 11.83 13.71 14.20 12.28 585.08 606.62 540.44 583.74 656.21 523.33 574.18 587.30 543.00 585.42 617.70 584.53 Coal mining Bituminous coal and lignite mining 11,12 12 16.25 16.31 16.30 16.36 16.41 16.47 16.43 16.49 692.59 696.78 697.64 701.84 725.32 729.62 732.78 735.45 13 Oil and gas extraction Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2 138 Oil and gas field services 12.35 15.28 10.66 12.31 14.85 10.65 12.52 15.94 10.73 12.35 15.66 10.69 518.70 647.87 445.59 510.87 637.07 433.46 547.12 715.71 462.46 526.11 654.59 459.67 11.27 10.69 10.99 10.23 11.47 10.62 11.41 10.57 513.91 498.15 473.67 447.05 503.53 465.16 499.76 464.02 13.37 13.26 13.64 13.41 506.72 483.99 504.68 504.22 15 152 153 154 12.60 12.01 11.94 13.28 12.44 11.75 11.73 13.21 12.92 12.38 12.45 13.55 12.76 12.18 12.32 13.39 471.24 439.57 454.91 509.95 457.79 418.30 446.91 501.98 475.46 446.92 466.88 510.84 478.50 443.35 459.54 518.19 16 161 162 13.04 12.79 13.15 12.68 12.12 12.87 13.19 12.83 13.31 12.79 12.26 12.95 543.77 541.02 544.41 486.91 442.38 503.22 523.64 483.69 539.06 533.34 496.53 545.20 17 13.79 14.20 12.96 14.76 14.00 13.24 12.18 13.76 14.03 12.86 14.64 13.87 12.99 12.37 14.08 14.43 13.30 14.97 14.18 13.60 12.63 13.87 14.32 13.25 14.78 13.95 13.15 12.00 511.61 548.12 463.97 574.16 487.20 462.08 410.47 493.98 534.54 448.81 559.25 467.42 440.36 385.94 512.51 558.44 469.49 586.82 475.03 471.92 394.06 507.64 549.89 463.75 573.46 482.67 451.05 392.40 10.47 10.37 10.67 10.59 10.69 429.27 425.17 440.67 429.95 431.88 11.00 10.90 11.18 11.06 11.20 457.60 455.62 468.44 455.67 460.32 8.86 11.07 9.05 9.39 7.35 8.79 8.98 8.20 7.36 10.22 6.50 8.33 8.39 7.66 8.71 10.80 8.93 9.27 7.29 8.70 8.83 8.09 7.22 10.28 6.42 8.31 8.38 7.47 9.00 11.03 9.23 9.59 7.47 8.94 9.13 8.40 7.55 10.20 6.70 8.51 8.56 7.86 8.96 10.59 9.22 9.57 7.49 9.02 9.30 8.41 7.52 10.40 6.64 8.38 8.40 7.88 9.02 355.29 449.44 372.86 389.69 294.00 349.84 351.12 320.62 300.29 435.37 251.55 315.71 317.14 305.63 345.79 416.88 367.92 383.78 297.43 342.78 345.25 305.80 294.58 441.01 246.53 312.46 315.93 296.56 361.80 433.48 380.28 397.99 300.29 362.07 363.37 334.32 316.35 439.62 258.62 310.62 316.72 322.26 355.71 419.36 378.94 396.20 295.86 355.39 359.91 323.79 312.08 435.76 254.31 310.90 311.64 316.78 355.39 8.10 7.45 6.99 8.15 7.23 8.04 9.27 8.57 9.55 8.39 8.42 7.81 7.35 8.52 7.87 8.07 9.48 8.92 9.75 8.56 8.46 7.80 7.35 8.51 7.71 8.24 9.79 8.81 9.75 8.74 8.39 325.88 296.79 283.14 314.95 306.00 314.79 371.47 350.88 400.20 335.41 319.14 290.55 276.11 310.52 287.75 307.13 374.51 344.51 382.96 323.85 339.33 308.50 291.80 333.98 325.82 310.70 394.37 371.96 405.60 347.54 332.48 300.30 288.86 314.02 313.03 316.42 400.41 362.97 392.93 338.24 325.53 259 8.25 7.61 7.15 8.31 7.65 8.01 9.31 8.75 9.69 8.47 32 321 322 10.74 15.02 12.01 10.59 15.44 11.80 10.88 14.96 12.18 10.87 14.88 12.24 10.84 454.30 663.88 502.02 439.49 714.87 493.24 450.43 655.25 504.25 447.84 629.42 506.74 443.36 Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels 14 142 Crushed and broken stone 13.41 498.85 Construction General building contractors Residential building construction Operative builders Nonresidential building construction Heavy construction contractors Highway and street construction Heavy construction, except highway Special trade contractors Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning Painting, paper hanging, and decorating Electrical work Masonry, stonework, and plastering Carpentering and flooring Roofing and sheet metal work 171 172 173 174 175 176 Manufacturing Durable goods Lumber and wood products Logging camps and logging contractors Sawmills and planing mills Sawmills and planing mills, general Hardwood dimension and flooring Millwork, plywood, and structural members Millwork Wood kitchen cabinets Hardwood veneer and plywood Softwood veneer and plywood Wood containers Wood buildings and mobile homes Mobile homes Miscellaneous wood products Furniture and fixtures Household furniture Wood household furniture Upholstered household furniture Metal household furniture Mattresses and bedsprings Office furniture Public building and related furniture Partitions and fixtures Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Flat glass Glass and glassware, pressed or blown 24 241 242 2421 2426 243 2431 2434 2435 2436 244 245 2451 249 25 251 2511 2512 2514 2515 252 253 254 See footnotes at end of table. 83 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Durable goods—Continued Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued Glass containers Pressed and blown glass, nee Products of purchased glass Cement, hydraulic Structural clay products Pottery and related products Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products Concrete block and brick Concrete products, nee Ready-mixed concrete Misc. nonmetallic mineral products Abrasive products Asbestos products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Blast furnaces and steel mills Steel pipe and tubes Iron and steel foundries Gray iron foundries Malleable iron foundries Steel foundries, nee Primary nonferrous metals Primary aluminum Nonferrous rolling and drawing Copper rolling and drawing Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating Nonferrous foundries Aluminum foundries 1972 SIC Code 3221 3229 323 324 325 326 327 3271 3272 3273 329 3291 3292 33 331 3312 3317 332 3321 3322 3325 333 3334 335 3351 3353 3357 336 3361 34 Fabricated metal products 341 Metal cans and shipping containers 3411 Metal cans 342 Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5 3429 Hardware, nee 343 Plumbing and heating, except electric 3432 Plumbing fittings and brass goods 3433 Heating equipment, except electric 344 Fabricated structural metal products 3441 Fabricated structural metal 3442 Metal doors, sash, and trim 3443 Fabricated plate work (boiler shops) 3444 Sheet metal work 3446 Architectural metal work 345 Screw machine products, bolts, etc 3451 Screw machine products 3452 Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers 346 Metal forgings and stampings 3462 Iron and steel forgings 3465 Automotive stampings 3469 Metal stampings, nee 347 Metal services, nee 3471 Plating and polishing 3479 Metal coating and allied services 348 Ordnance and accessories, nee 3483 Ammunition, except for small arms, nee 349 Misc. fabricated metal products 3494 Valves and pipe fittings 3496 Misc. fabricated wire products Machinery, except electrical Engines and turbines Turbines and turbine generator sets Internal combustion engines, nee Farm and garden machinery Farm machinery and equipment See footnotes at end of table. 84 35 351 3511 3519 352 3523 Average weekly hours Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p 42.0 41.6 41.9 41.9 41.6 40.5 43.0 43.7 43.3 42.0 42.2 43.2 42.4 41.6 41.9 42.4 42.1 41.8 40.4 40.4 43.0 42.0 37.5 42.7 44.7 44.4 41.7 41.0 41.5 41.6 41.2 40.9 40.9 41.7 42.5 38.5 42.4 43.9 42.2 42.1 40.7 39.8 42.2 40.5 40.4 41.5 41.9 42.4 39.8 41.9 43.1 41.8 43.0 43.4 43.7 41.9 42.6 42.7 41.6 42.1 43.4 43.2 43.7 43.8 44.6 42.6 41.5 41.8 43.7 44.0 44.3 42.6 44.0 44.1 42.8 43.6 43.5 43.4 43.9 43.7 44.4 43.6 42.3 42.7 43.1 43.2 43.4 43.4 42.3 42.0 41.6 42.6 44.6 44.0 44.0 43.7 45.5 42.2 41.7 42.1 42.7 43.4 43.7 43.3 41.9 41.9 40.4 42.7 44.4 43.4 43.7 43.4 44.9 42.3 39.7 40.1 41.6 44.1 44.4 41.1 41.0 40.7 41.0 41.1 40.7 41.2 42.0 39.8 42.5 40.4 40.6 42.5 41.2 43.9 42.3 42.8 43.2 40.7 41.0 40.8 41.5 41.5 40.8 41.3 42.0 40.0 42.0 44.4 44.9 41.3 40.9 41.2 41.4 42.0 40.6 41.0 41.8 38.9 42.7 40.1 40.7 43.8 42.4 45.3 43.4 44.4 44.9 40.9 41.1 41.1 41.1 41.8 40.6 41.8 42.7 40.3 42.1 44.3 44.9 42.1 41.7 41.8 42.1 41.4 42.2 41.5 42.3 39.8 43.1 41.2 40.3 42.6 41.0 44.3 42.4 42.6 42.6 42.0 41.5 40.8 42.7 42.7 41.2 42.1 43.2 40.8 42.4 43.0 43.5 42.9 41.7 42.2 42.6 43.3 42.5 43.5 41.9 42.2 43.0 44.2 46.5 43.3 42.7 42.8 Average overtime hours Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p 5.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.8 3.3 6.6 6.4 6.2 6.6 4.6 3.9 5.2 4.9 3.5 3.7 3.7 4.0 3.1 4.9 4.9 5.5 3.8 4.9 4.5 5.8 5.6 3.7 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 5.1 5.0 5.5 4.2 4.7 3.9 5.8 5.4 3.3 2.2 4.7 3.2 3.2 5.4 5.3 5.6 4.9 4.4 3.8 4.9 42.5 43.4 5.2 5.5 5.7 4.7 4.9 5.1 3.7 4.6 4.9 5.0 6.1 5.6 7.6 5.4 3.7 3.8 5.5 5.5 5.7 5.0 5.9 6.2 5.1 5.2 4.8 4.8 6.1 5.4 6.9 6.0 4.3 4.6 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.5 4.4 4.1 4.0 5.2 5.0 5.0 5.9 5.5 7.2 4.8 3.7 3.8 4.7 5.0 5.1 5.4 4.3 4.1 3.8 5.1 5.1 4.8 5.7 5.6 7.6 4.4 2.6 2.5 41.3 43.6 44.1 41.6 41.4 41.2 41.3 41.3 39.9 40.9 42.3 38.6 42.5 40.4 40.0 41.6 40.5 42.8 41.0 42.4 39.8 41.6 40.6 39.8 42.2 41.4 40.0 41.5 42.7 39.9 41.0 3.9 5.7 5.7 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.4 3.1 3.4 3.8 4.5 2.7 4.4 3.3 4.5 4.9 4.0 6.0 4.4 4.8 4.8 3.5 3.7 3.4 4.1 3.1 2.8 3.5 3.6 3.3 4.1 5.6 5.7 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.7 3.9 4.2 3.7 4.6 2.6 4.3 3.1 4.7 5.7 4.8 6.8 5.2 6.0 6.0 3.8 3.7 3.6 4.0 2.7 2.7 3.7 3.9 3.4 4.0 5.2 5.2 3.5 3.7 3.0 3.5 2.5 4.0 4.0 4.6 2.3 5.3 3.7 4.0 4.7 3.5 6.0 3.9 4.1 3.8 3.9 4.0 3.4 5.1 3.8 3.3 4.0 4.1 3.6 3.6 5.2 5.3 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.4 2.8 3.2 3.5 4.2 1.5 4.7 3.1 3.7 4.1 3.2 5.1 3.5 4.0 3.0 3.8 3.6 2.9 5.0 3.2 2.5 3.7 3.9 3.2 42.2 43.3 43.0 43.4 41.6 41.8 42.1 4.3 4.2 5.9 3.6 3.9 4.5 4.5 4.0 4.2 4.0 4.1 4.4 4.6 5.7 8.2 4.8 4.3 4.7 4.1 4.2 3.4 4.5 3.9 4.1 Feb. 1990p ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers' on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued 1972 SIC Code Industry Durable goods—Continued Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued Glass containers Pressed and blown glass, nee Products of purchased glass Cement, hydraulic Structural clay products Pottery and related products Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products Concrete block and brick Concrete products, nee Ready-mixed concrete Misc. nonmetallic mineral products Abrasive products Asbestos products 3221 3229 323 324 325 326 327 3271 3272 3273 329 3291 3292 Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Blast furnaces and steel mills Steel pipe and tubes Iron and steel foundries Gray iron foundries Malleable iron foundries Steel foundries, nee Primary nonferrous metals Primary aluminum Nonferrous rolling and drawing Copper rolling and drawing Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating Nonferrous foundries Aluminum foundries 33 331 3312 3317 332 3321 3322 3325 333 3334 335 3351 3353 3357 336 3361 Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p $12.53 $12.21 $12.65 $12.89 11.49 11.64 11.34 11.42 9.44 9.48 9.36 9.43 13.97 13.67 13.72 13.66 9.47 9.45 9.14 9.22 9.64 9.53 9.48 9.52 10.59 10.65 10.22 10.53 9.44 9.50 9.30 9.68 9.52 9.62 9.27 9.50 11.52 11.63 11.09 11.37 10.85 10.93 10.58 10.72 10.34 10.33 10.12 10.19 10.81 11.04 11.08 11.10 Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p $526.26 475.07 395.12 572.35 383.55 385.56 452.79 423.02 411.35 477.54 452.38 440.21 470.64 $507.94 475.15 396.86 577.61 382.05 382.99 412.89 399.90 389.34 415.88 451.77 452.36 491.95 $527.51 477.24 393.42 568.67 389.34 389.78 435.59 396.15 408.85 447.76 463.43 453.49 465.89 $542.67 467.64 375.71 589.53 383.54 389.46 439.49 395.54 403.65 458.50 454.62 445.65 451.86 Feb. 1990p 12.36 14.23 15.00 11.08 11.15 11.68 12.12 10.43 13.75 14.05 11.83 11.12 14.30 11.90 9.80 10.03 12.27 14.04 14.78 11.01 11.23 11.84 12.15 10.29 13.49 13.82 11.82 11.07 14.06 12.01 9.76 10.07 12.52 14.40 15.15 11.51 11.24 11.67 12.32 10.87 14.16 14.79 11.94 11.18 14.94 11.66 10.07 10.29 12.54 $12.66 531.48 14.50 14.63 617.58 655.50 15.26 464.25 11.58 474.99 11.09 498.74 11.38 504.19 12.41 439.10 10.90 596.75 13.96 606.96 14.28 516.97 11.91 487.06 11.23 637.78 14.87 506.94 11.47 406.70 9.98 419.25 10.16 536.20 617.76 654.75 469.03 494.12 522.14 520.02 448.64 586.82 599.79 518.90 483.76 624.26 523.64 412.85 429.99 539.61 622.08 657.51 499.53 475.45 490.14 512.51 463.06 631.54 650.76 525.36 488.57 679.77 492.05 419.92 433.21 535.46 629.30 666.86 501.41 464.67 476.82 501.36 465.43 619.82 619.75 520.47 487.38 667.66 485.18 396.21 407.42 $538.05 634.94 34 Fabricated metal products 341 Metal cans and shipping containers 3411 Metal cans 342 Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5 3429 Hardware, nee , 343 Plumbing and heating, except electric 3432 Plumbing fittings and brass goods 3433 Heating equipment, except electric 344 Fabricated structural metal products 3441 Fabricated structural metal 3442 Metal doors, sash, and trim 3443 Fabricated plate work (boiler shops) 3444 Sheet metal work 3446 Architectural metal work 345 Screw machine products, bolts, etc 3451 Screw machine products 3452 Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers 346 Metal forgings and stampings 3462 Iron and steel forgings 3465 Automotive stampings 3469 Metal stampings, nee 347 Metal services, nee 3471 Plating and polishing 3479 Metal coating and allied services 348 Ordnance and accessories, nee 3483 Ammunition, except for small arms, nee 349 Misc. fabricated metal products 3494 Valves and pipe fittings 3496 Misc. fabricated wire products 10.53 13.80 14.71 10.44 9.63 10.82 9.50 9.12 9.39 9.92 10.44 8.35 10.62 10.24 9.27 10.31 9.68 10.97 12.55 13.28 14.21 9.79 8.54 8.49 8.62 11.64 11.41 9.79 10.59 8.60 10.45 13.69 14.56 10.33 9.51 10.68 9.50 9.14 9.35 9.80 10.43 8.31 10.42 10.03 9.00 10.24 9.55 10.98 12.54 13.44 14.11 9.64 8.41 8.38 8.48 11.43 11.17 9.64 10.46 8.60 10.69 13.87 14.78 10.64 9.83 10.99 9.62 9.21 9.53 10.13 10.37 8.58 10.93 10.48 9.62 10.49 9.81 11.19 12.60 13.16 14.24 10.04 8.75 8.68 8.88 11.81 11.47 10.01 10.77 8.74 10.55 13.92 14.81 10.34 9.86 10.47 9.66 9.26 9.55 10.08 10.26 8.51 10.85 10.44 9.65 10.50 9.89 11.14 12.16 12.90 13.80 10.07 8.77 8.71 8.88 11.76 11.41 9.98 10.81 8.65 10.65 438.05 608.58 653.12 429.08 394.83 440.37 389.50 374.83 382.17 408.70 438.48 332.33 451.35 413.70 376.36 438.18 398.82 481.58 530.87 568.38 613.87 398.45 350.14 346.39 357.73 483.06 465.53 404.33 444.78 344.00 438.90 607.84 653.74 426.63 388.96 440.02 393.30 383.88 379.61 401.80 435.97 323.26 444.93 402.20 366.30 448.51 404.92 497.39 544.24 596.74 633.54 394.28 345.65 344.42 348.53 477.77 453.50 402.95 446.64 346.58 450.05 614.44 663.62 447.94 409.91 459.38 405.00 381.29 402.17 420.40 438.65 341.48 471.08 431.78 387.69 446.87 402.21 495.72 534.24 560.62 606.62 421.68 363.13 354.14 379.18 504.29 472.56 421.42 465.26 356.59 435.72 606.91 653.12 430.14 408.20 431.36 398.96 382.44 381.05 412.27 434.00 328.49 461.13 421.78 386.00 436.80 400.55 476.79 498.56 546.96 549.24 418.91 356.06 346.66 374.74 486.86 456.40 414.17 461.59 345.14 436.65 Machinery, except electrical Engines and turbines Turbines and turbine generator sets Internal combustion engines, nee Farm and garden machinery Farm machinery and equipment 11.34 14.06 14.34 13.96 10.51 11.36 11.21 13.75 13.73 13.75 10.31 11.10 11.57 14.51 14.93 14.35 10.55 11.60 11.50 14.23 14.31 14.20 10.43 11.49 11.51 480.82 604.58 623.79 598.88 438.27 479.39 477.55 595.38 583.53 598.13 431.99 468.42 497.51 641.34 694.25 621.36 450.49 496.48 485.30 616.16 615.33 616.28 433.89 480.28 484.57 , , 35 351 3511 3519 352 3523 See footnotes at end of table. 85 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Durable goods—Continued Machinery, except electrical—Continued Construction and related machinery Construction machinery Mining machinery Oil field machinery Conveyors and conveying equipment Industrial trucks and tractors Metalworking machinery Machine tools, metal cutting types Machine tools, metal forming types Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures Machine tool accessories Power driven hand tools Special industry machinery Food products machinery Textile machinery Printing trades machinery General industrial machinery Pumps and pumping equipment Ball and roller bearings Air and gas compressors Blowers and fans Speed changers, drives, and gears Power transmission equipment, nee Office and computing machines Electronic computing equipment Refrigeration and service machinery Refrigeration and heating equipment Misc. machinery, except electrical Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves ... Machinery, except electrical, nee Electrical and electronic equipment Electric distributing equipment., Transformers Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ... Electrical industrial apparatus Motors and generators Industrial controls Household appliances Household refrigerators and freezers Household laundry equipment Electric housewares and fans Electric lighting and wiring equipment Electric lamps Current-carrying wiring devices Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices Residential lighting fixtures Radio and TV receiving equipment Radio and TV receiving sets Communication equipment Telephone and telegraph apparatus Radio and TV communication equipment Electronic components and accessories ... Electronic tubes Semiconductors and related devices Electronic components, nee Misc. electrical equipment and supplies .... Storage batteries Engine electrical equipment See footnotes at end of table. 86 1972 SIC Code Average weekly hours Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p 359 3592 3599 42.7 43.0 42.2 42.7 43.2 41.2 43.4 43.9 44.2 43.9 42.1 42.9 42.3 42.4 42.6 39.2 42.5 42.4 43.5 43.4 41.0 42.5 42.5 41.7 41.8 41.7 42.3 41.8 42.2 41.8 42.6 42.2 42.9 43.0 43.2 41.4 44.2 44.9 45.0 44.7 42.9 43.4 42.4 42.0 42.6 39.3 43.2 43.6 44.8 43.5 41.1 43.8 42.9 41.2 41.4 41.9 42.5 42.2 43.8 42.0 44.0 44.1 43.1 47.1 43.4 42.1 43.8 44.5 45.5 44.2 42.4 43.4 43.3 43.6 43.7 41.6 42.9 42.5 43.2 43.6 42.0 43.9 44.5 42.5 42.6 41.7 41.9 42.0 41.9 42.0 42.7 43.2 41.6 44.3 41.9 40.0 43.1 43.3 44.2 43.7 41.4 42.6 42.7 42.6 43.1 40.3 42.2 42.3 42.5 42.9 40.4 42.5 43.6 41.3 41.4 40.8 41.0 41.7 41.4 41.8 36 361 3612 3613 362 3621 3622 363 3632 3633 3634 364 3641 3643 3644 3645 365 3651 366 3661 3662 367 3671-3 3674 3679 369 3691 3694 40.8 41.8 41.9 41.6 41.9 41.9 40.9 39.4 38.0 40.8 40.7 40.1 40.8 39.8 40.8 38.3 40.4 39.9 41.3 42.9 40.6 40.3 41.7 40.1 40.7 41.9 42.2 42.2 41.1 42.4 42.6 42.3 42.5 42.5 41.5 40.9 40.3 44.4 41.2 40.4 41.6 39.6 40.4 38.8 41.1 40.1 40.8 41.6 40.4 40.1 41.8 40.0 40.1 43.0 43.3 43.4 41.5 42.9 42.8 43.0 42.5 42.6 41.2 37.8 32.4 40.5 40.1 40.7 39.8 40.7 43.4 39.1 41.2 41.1 43.0 45.8 41.9 41.3 43.5 41.7 41.5 41.4 42.5 41.4 40.9 42.1 42.1 42.1 42.1 41.8 41.5 39.2 39.2 41.0 39.5 40.6 40.8 40.9 41.3 38.3 40.9 40.9 42.0 45.4 40.7 40.2 41.3 40.1 40.6 41.0 42.3 40.9 353 3531 3532 3533 3535 3537 354 3541 3542 3544 3545 3546 355 3551 3552 3555 356 3561 3562 3563 3564 3566 3568 357 3573 358 3585 Average overtime hours Feb. 1990p 40.7 Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.6 5.2 3.3 5.4 5.3 6.0 6.0 4.6 3.9 4.6 4.4 3.9 4.2 4.4 4.2 5.7 4.7 3.0 4.9 4.8 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.7 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.5 4.8 4.8 2.8 6.0 5.7 6.8 6.7 4.8 4.0 4.7 4.0 4.0 4.5 4.7 4.0 6.4 4.6 3.2 5.1 4.9 2.8 2.7 3.6 4.1 4.8 5.4 4.7 4.9 4.3 5.1 7.0 5.6 4.0 5.5 5.5 6.8 6.1 4.5 4.0 4.9 4.8 4.4 4.7 4.7 5.0 5.2 5.2 3.4 5.2 5.4 3.9 4.0 3.1 3.2 4.5 4.1 4.6 4.3 4.0 3.9 6.7 4.6 2.4 5.1 4.4 6.2 5.8 3.9 3.8 4.5 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.1 4.4 4.4 4.7 2.6 5.1 4.2 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.9 4.2 3.3 4.3 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.6 4.0 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.4 3.1 2.9 3.0 2.8 3.1 2.2 3.3 2.7 2.5 3.0 2.4 3.3 3.6 3.9 3.3 3.5 3.6 4.1 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.8 4.3 2.1 3.2 3.0 3.9 3.2 3.2 3.2 2.7 3.5 2.0 3.6 2.9 2.5 3.1 2.2 3.2 4.5 3.5 3.1 4.4 3.9 5.3 3.4 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.1 2.4 1.3 2.5 2.6 3.3 2.9 3.2 3.8 2.9 3.3 2.6 3.2 4.0 3.0 3.8 3.6 4.7 3.8 3.2 4.1 3.2 3.0 3.4 3.9 2.9 3.5 3.5 2.7 1.9 2.4 1.4 1.9 3.1 3.0 3.4 2.6 2.2 2.7 1.8 2.7 3.3 2.5 3.3 3.1 4.1 3.3 3.2 4.0 3.2 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Durable goods—Continued Machinery, except electrical—Continued Construction and related machinery Construction machinery Mining machinery Oil field machinery Conveyors and conveying equipment Industrial trucks and tractors Metalworking machinery Machine tools, metal cutting types Machine tools, metal forming types Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures Machine tool accessories Power driven hand tools Special industry machinery Food products machinery Textile machinery Printing trades machinery General industrial machinery Pumps and pumping equipment Ball and roller bearings Air and gas compressors Blowers and fans Speed changers, drives, and gears Power transmission equipment, nee Office and computing machines Electronic computing equipment Refrigeration and service machinery Refrigeration and heating equipment Misc. machinery, except electrical Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves ... Machinery, except electrical, nee Electrical and electronic equipment Electric distributing equipment Transformers Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ... Electrical industrial apparatus Motors and generators Industrial controls Household appliances Household refrigerators and freezers Household laundry equipment Electric housewares and fans Electric lighting and wiring equipment Electric lamps Current-carrying wiring devices Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices Residential lighting fixtures Radio and TV receiving equipment Radio and TV receiving sets Communication equipment Telephone and telegraph apparatus Radio and TV communication equipment Electronic components and accessories ... Electronic tubes Semiconductors and related devices Electronic components, nee Misc. electrical equipment and supplies .... Storage batteries Engine electrical equipment 1972 SIC Code 353 3531 3532 3533 3535 3537 354 3541 3542 3544 3545 3546 355 3551 3552 3555 356 3561 3562 3563 3564 3566 3568 357 3573 358 3585 359 3592 3599 36 361 3612 3613 362 3621 3622 363 3632 3633 3634 364 3641 3643 3644 3645 365 3651 366 3661 3662 367 3671-3 3674 3679 369 3691 3694 Average hourly earnings Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p $11.38 $11.17 $11.66 $11.60 13.04 12.57 13.03 12.74 11.65 11.35 11.69 11.41 11.27 10.71 11.43 11.06 10.48 10.17 10.66 10.35 10.19 10.22 10.08 9.82 11.96 11.98 11.78 11.72 11.77 11.89 11.67 11.48 12.41 12.34 12.15 12.19 12.78 12.77 12.61 12.60 10.67 10.77 10.59 10.43 9.60 9.66 9.19 9.37 11.80 11.73 11.39 11.55 11.82 11.77 11.29 11.57 9.94 9.91 9.48 9.67 12.55 12.51 12.85 12.86 10.96 10.78 11.28 11.18 11.53 11.34 11.95 11.73 11.45 11.27 11.67 11.38 10.76 10.50 11.12 11.48 10.02 9.96 9.62 9.70 11.45 11.46 10.69 11.13 10.57 10.75 10.64 10.48 11.30 11.31 10.96 11.11 11.29 11.25 10.92 11.08 10.73 10.85 10.73 10.73 10.83 10.93 10.92 10.88 11.19 11.23 10.88 11.01 12.96 13.33 13.26 13.25 10.98 10.98 10.54 10.73 10.38 9.53 10.27 9.36 9.28 9.21 9.79 10.13 10.10 9.95 10.15 11.79 12.04 7.49 9.80 11.09 9.52 10.07 10.12 9.75 10.18 11.81 12.10 7.43 9.73 11.01 9.54 9.25 9.69 9.39 7.25 9.46 9.89 12.42 10.06 12.16 11.68 12.73 9.63 12.11 11.70 12.34 9.43 11.77 11.68 8.56 11.33 8.42 11.11 11.92 11.80 11.01 11.80 11.64 7.14 9.57 Average weekly earnings Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 $485.93 547.82 481.50 472.26 447.12 415.30 511.25 512.31 537.03 553.58 445.84 401.97 488.57 490.57 411.94 491.96 465.80 488.87 498.08 466.98 397.70 473.03 445.40 463.29 463.14 447.44 460.22 460.22 559.15 448.51 $475.84 530.45 486.92 460.53 439.34 406.55 518.02 515.45 548.55 563.22 447.45 398.85 482.94 474.18 403.85 491.64 465.70 494.42 504.90 456.75 395.38 468.22 456.46 451.55 452.09 449.59 464.10 459.14 580.79 442.68 $513.04 574.62 503.84 538.35 462.64 430.26 524.72 529.11 561.47 564.43 456.65 416.64 510.94 515.35 433.07 534.56 483.91 507.88 504.14 484.83 418.32 503.09 478.38 480.68 479.25 452.45 457.97 471.66 558.53 461.16 10.51 $10.56 423.50 9.90 9.65 10.15 9.89 9.65 10.13 10.19 10.06 10.12 10.22 11.81 12.02 7.76 9.93 11.47 9.94 9.40 7.42 9.09 10.07 11.59 12.06 7.71 9.89 11.36 9.82 9.47 7.23 9.28 9.58 12.64 11.66 13.05 9.88 12.53 11.87 8.81 9.43 12.57 11.48 13.04 9.94 12.55 12.10 11.00 12.11 8.81 10.86 12.01 11.41 11.16 Feb. 1990p $495.32 563.33 484.64 499.26 439.11 407.60 515.48 509.64 548.52 558.49 441.74 411.52 500.87 501.40 428.41 518.26 471.80 496.18 483.65 492.49 404.81 486.63 460.85 466.69 467.41 437.78 444.03 466.62 536.54 458.96 422.10 436.58 429.86 $429.79 398.35 396.86 424.71 416.37 388.83 392.35 413.02 406.27 407.26 402.70 436.45 426.47 424.45 427.98 434.35 429.00 423.19 430.10 430.69 420.51 406.96 404.63 417.36 419.98 399.91 416.36 380.65 400.62 448.02 475.94 375.52 462.95 491.23 537.24 488.43 492.82 304.84 306.12 309.17 306.52 392.98 393.09 402.52 403.16 452.47 458.02 452.13 467.98 385.66 377.78 399.67 406.55 383.11 373.70 411.00 388.22 277.68 277.03 282.69 284.19 382.18 393.33 382.34 371.78 394.61 403.41 393.74 385.69 512.95 496.13 543.52 527.94 501.07 486.72 534.03 521.19 516.84 498.54 546.80 530.73 388.09 378.14 408.04 399.59 504.99 491.99 545.06 518.32 468.37 453.20 494.98 485.21 348.39 337.64 365.62 357.69 461.32 477.73 455.40 445.26 497.96 516.14 514.68 508.02 491.21 512.12 472.37 456.44 10.52 10.22 10.11 10.13 Jan. 1990p See footnotes at end of table. 87 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued 1972 SIC Code Industry Durable goods—Continued Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Motor vehicles and car bodies Truck and bus bodies Motor vehicle parts and accessories Truck trailers Aircraft and parts Aircraft Aircraft engines and engine parts Aircraft equipment, nee Ship and boat building and repairing Ship building and repairing Boat building and repairing Railroad equipment Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts.. Guided missiles and space vehicles Miscellaneous transportation equipment Travel trailers and campers 37 371 3711 3713 3714 3715 372 3721 3724 3728 373 3731 3732 374 376 3761 379 3792 Instruments and related products Engineering and scientific instruments Measuring and controlling devices Environmental controls Process control instruments Instruments to measure electricity Optical instruments and lenses Medical instruments and supplies Surgical and medical instruments Surgical appliances and supplies Ophthalmic goods Photographic equipment and supplies Watches, clocks, and watchcases 38 381 382 3822 3823 3825 383 384 3841 3842 385 Miscellaneous manufacturing Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware Jewelry, precious metal Musical instruments Toys and sporting goods Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles Sporting and athletic goods, nee Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies Costume jewelry and notions Costume jewelry Miscellaneous manufactures Signs and advertising displays 39 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Meat products Meat packing plants Sausages and other prepared meats Poultry dressing plants Dairy products Cheese, natural and processed Fluid milk Preserved fruits and vegetables Canned specialties Canned fruits and vegetables Frozen fruits and vegetables Grain mill products Flour and other grain mill products Prepared feeds, nee Bakery products Bread, cake, and related products Cookies and crackers See footnotes at end of table. 88 386 387 391 3911 393 394 3942,4 3949 395 396 3961 399 3993 20 201 2011 .... 2013 2016 202 2022 2026 203 2032 2033 2037 204 2041 2048 205 2051 2052 Average weekly hours Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Average overtime hours Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p 42.4 43.1 43.2 42.7 43.4 39.9 42.1 41.4 42.7 42.8 40.5 41.2 39.4 43.0 43.0 43.0 39.9 38.6 42.9 43.6 42.8 41.5 45.0 40.0 42.8 42.6 42.6 43.4 40.3 40.8 39.5 42.8 43.3 42.8 40.2 38.8 42.6 42.9 43.4 42.8 42.8 39.9 42.8 42.0 43.0 44.0 41.1 41.5 40.2 42.4 43.2 43.0 40.7 38.1 41.5 41.0 41.7 41.0 40.9 39.2 42.8 42.9 42.9 42.7 40.5 41.5 38.7 40.5 42.9 42.8 39.4 38.3 41.8 41.6 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.0 5.1 2.5 5.2 5.0 5.4 5.4 3.0 3.2 2.7 4.2 4.4 4.5 2.6 1.9 5.0 5.5 5.1 3.3 6.5 2.3 5.1 5.0 4.9 5.5 2.9 3.2 2.6 4.3 4.7 4.3 3.0 2.4 4.2 4.0 3.7 4.4 4.3 2.7 5.0 4.4 5.4 5.7 3.2 3.4 2.9 3.6 4.7 5.0 2.7 1.5 3.6 3.0 3.0 3.8 3.1 1.8 4.7 4.5 5.0 4.9 3.2 3.7 2.5 2.9 4.5 4.6 2.6 1.7 41.2 42.3 41.0 40.1 42.8 40.7 42.9 40.7 40.7 40.4 39.9 42.9 39.2 41.6 42.5 41.8 40.9 43.7 41.6 43.7 40.5 40.4 40.3 40.8 43.6 38.8 41.8 43.7 41.4 41.4 43.5 40.6 43.8 42.1 41.8 42.3 38.9 41.8 40.3 41.3 43.0 41.4 41.1 43.3 40.7 40.7 40.9 40.8 40.7 39.8 41.7 38.8 41.0 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.3 3.7 2.1 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.7 2.9 3.5 1.6 3.0 3.1 2.8 2.6 3.9 2.2 3.3 2.8 2.5 2.9 3.3 4.3 .8 3.3 3.4 3.0 2.6 4.5 2.2 3.2 4.0 3.8 4.1 2.6 3.3 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.8 2.7 3.9 2.2 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.7 3.2 3.3 39.4 38.2 37.9 39.1 39.5 38.4 40.4 40.3 38.9 38.3 39.9 39.9 39.3 36.7 36.2 39.3 39.8 38.5 40.6 40.2 38.2 36.7 40.0 39.4 40.0 39.5 39.8 39.7 39.8 37.2 41.5 40.9 39.9 40.4 40.2 40.8 39.1 37.0 36.5 38.8 39.3 37.9 40.2 40.7 39.1 39.2 39.4 40.1 39.1 2.5 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.5 1.7 3.0 2.6 2.6 2.9 2.7 3.0 2.2 1.4 1.3 1.9 2.1 1.4 2.5 2.9 1.8 1.5 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.1 2.6 1.9 3.1 2.9 2.4 2.3 2.9 3.6 2.4 1.4 1.4 2.1 2.6 1.6 3.2 2.8 2.1 2.3 2.6 3.0 40.2 40.7 40.4 41.4 41.0 39.5 41.0 39.5 41.9 40.2 43.2 40.4 39.1 44.5 46.3 43.2 39.6 38.9 41.1 39.9 39.9 39.6 40.3 39.1 39.1 41.0 39.7 41.9 39.6 45.4 38.7 37.9 43.9 45.0 43.3 39.0 38.1 41.0 40.4 41.2 40.4 41.3 41.4 39.5 41.1 39.2 42.3 40.7 45.0 41.4 38.8 46.5 47.2 44.6 40.3 39.8 41.4 39.8 40.3 39.8 40.2 40.1 39.5 40.6 38.5 41.6 40.3 45.0 40.0 39.1 45.1 45.3 43.9 39.6 38.6 42.0 39.5 39.7 3.7 4.4 4.3 5.2 4.7 3.5 4.3 3.6 4.7 4.6 6.5 5.2 4.1 6.2 6.8 6.3 4.0 4.1 3.6 3.5 3.9 3.8 4.6 3.3 3.1 3.9 3.4 4.3 3.6 7.7 3.2 2.5 6.5 6.3 6.5 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.8 4.5 4.3 4.9 4.9 3.5 4.3 3.8 5.1 4.3 8.1 4.2 4.0 6.4 6.9 7.3 4.1 4.2 3.9 3.5 4.2 4.0 4.6 4.1 3.5 4.0 3.2 4.6 4.3 8.3 3.7 4.2 6.3 5.7 6.6 3.9 3.6 4.4 Feb. 1990p 3.3 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued 1972 SIC Code Industry Durable goods—Continued Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Motor vehicles and car bodies Truck and bus bodies Motor vehicle parts and accessories Truck trailers Aircraft and parts Aircraft Aircraft engines and engine parts Aircraft equipment, nee Ship and boat building and repairing Ship building and repairing Boat building and repairing Railroad equipment Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts.. Guided missiles and space vehicles Miscellaneous transportation equipment Travel trailers and campers 37 371 3711 3713 3714 3715 372 3721 3724 3728 373 3731 3732 374 376 3761 379 3792 Instruments and related products Engineering and scientific instruments Measuring and controlling devices Environmental controls Process control instruments Instruments to measure electricity Optical instruments and lenses Medical instruments and supplies Surgical and medical instruments Surgical appliances and supplies Ophthalmic goods Photographic equipment and supplies Watches, clocks, and watchcases 38 381 382 3822 3823 3825 383 384 3841 3842 385 386 387 Miscellaneous manufacturing Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware Jewelry, precious metal Musical instruments Toys and sporting goods Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles Sporting and athletic goods, nee Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies Costume jewelry and notions Costume jewelry Miscellaneous manufactures Signs and advertising displays 391 3911 393 394 3942,4 3949 395 396 3961 399 3993 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Meat products Meat packing plants Sausages and other prepared meats Poultry dressing plants Dairy products Cheese, natural and processed Fluid milk Preserved fruits and vegetables Canned specialties Canned fruits and vegetables Frozen fruits and vegetables Grain mill products Flour and other grain mill products Prepared feeds, nee Bakery products Bread, cake, and related products Cookies and crackers 39 20 201 2011 , , 2013 2016 202 2022 2026 203 2032 2033 2037 204 2041 2048 205 2051 2052 Average hourly earnings Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Average weekly earnings Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 $13.70 $13.58 $13.93 $13.59 $13.98 $580.88 14.28 14.20 14.49 13.79 14.49 615.47 713.23 16.51 16.23 16.73 16.62 507.28 11.88 11.54 12.56 12.36 575.48 13.26 13.37 13.36 12.73 9.52 377.06 9.73 9.30 9.45 599.08 14.23 14.00 14.55 14.57 0 0 $14.42 $14.08 $14.68 $14.65 12.99 12.81 13.31 13.21 10.57 10.41 10.72 10.79 11.62 11.62 11.56 11.67 8.65 9.14 9.16 8.86 12.75 12.65 12.81 13.44 13.75 13.49 14.04 14.20 0 $10.39 9.15 10.26 11.51 10.01 9.31 9.68 10.25 11.29 9.29 9.43 9.12 7.76 13.59 7.47 0 0 ft $10.31 $10.60 $10.60 9.33 9.03 9.27 10.49 10.53 10.12 11.32 11.89 12.04 9.77 10.22 10.23 9.24 9.33 9.29 9.93 9.40 10.09 9.79 10.54 10.61 11.09 11.69 12.02 9.49 9.52 9.11 9.54 9.62 9.25 9.42 9.43 8.93 8.07 8.00 7.62 13.83 13.84 13.89 7.80 7.71 7.48 $615.73 555.97 428.09 478.74 349.08 548.25 591.25 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990 p $582.58 $593.42 $563.99 $584.36 619.12 621.62 565.39 602.78 694.64 726.08 693.05 478.91 537.57 506.76 601.65 571.81 520.66 372.00 388.23 373.18 599.20 622.74 623.60 $599.81 555.95 419.52 474.10 341.68 541.42 584.12 $631.24 585.64 440.59 479.74 368.23 543.14 606.53 $628.49 564.07 437.00 484.31 353.72 544.32 609.18 $414.56 $414.46 $431.42 $417.64 353.19 350.36 353.19 357.34 10.54 422.71 486.87 410.41 373.33 414.30 417.18 484.34 378.10 383.80 368.45 309.62 583.01 292.82 420.99 481.10 408.39 379.96 410.78 407.26 484.63 368.96 373.70 359.88 310.90 602.99 290.22 438.48 519.59 423.11 386.26 438.92 427.92 512.02 400.79 402.12 398.89 311.20 578.51 310.71 434.89 517.72 423.52 379.76 429.97 431.83 489.21 388.14 389.23 383.39 321.19 579.21 302.64 432.14 8.31 8.95 8.99 8.29 7.56 7.41 7.67 8.20 7.01 6.49 9.09 9.47 8.22 8.84 8.92 8.11 7.50 7.49 7.51 8.13 6.84 6.42 8.97 9.28 8.60 9.21 9.27 8.62 7.78 7.58 7.90 8.54 7.21 6.54 9.43 9.87 8.59 9.18 9.15 8.51 7.87 7.86 7.87 8.76 7.12 6.43 9.36 9.72 8.60 327.41 323.05 324.43 322.90 318.72 298.50 288.37 304.91 326.83 261.29 235.61 358.80 365.63 344.00 363.80 368.95 342.21 309.64 281.98 327.85 349.29 287.68 264.22 379.09 402.70 335.87 339.66 333.98 330.19 309.29 297.89 316.37 356.53 278.39 252.06 368.78 389.77 336.26 341.89 340.72 324.14 298.62 284.54 309.87 330.46 272.69 248.57 362.69 377.85 9.74 9.33 7.76 9.62 9.27 7.65 9.95 9.50 7.86 8.45 9.04 6.53 8.68 9.98 391.55 9.50 379.73 313.50 357.28 376.79 259.91 416.56 374.07 443.30 348.13 460.51 352.69 302.63 501.07 505.13 381.46 416.20 406.51 438.95 383.84 369.87 302.94 340.54 353.46 255.32 410.41 370.40 436.60 346.90 487.14 345.20 296.00 491.68 495.00 377.14 404.04 394.34 426.81 401.98 391.40 317.54 358.48 385.43 265.84 427.03 375.14 456.42 365.08 490.95 376.33 313.50 527.31 503.15 403.18 433.23 421.08 461.20 396.41 382.04 310.04 346.12 369.72 264.26 421.02 368.45 445.95 362.30 494.10 369.20 312.02 506.02 468.86 397.73 424.91 410.70 458.22 394.21 377.15 8.63 9.96 9.48 7.79 8.61 9.22 6.69 9.19 6.58 10.16 9.47 10.58 8.66 10.01 9.33 10.42 8.76 10.66 8.73 7.74 11.26 10.91 8.83 10.51 10.73 8.92 7.81 11.20 11.00 8.71 10.36 10.45 10.68 10.35 10.41 9.31 6.73 10.39 9.57 10.37 9.57 10.79 10.72 8.97 10.91 9.09 8.99 10.98 9.23 7.98 8.08 11.34 11.22 10.66 9.04 10.75 10.58 11.14 10.35 9.06 10.73 10.64 10.91 See footnotes at end of table. 89 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Nondurable goods—Continued Food and kindred products—Continued Sugar and confectionery products Cane and beet sugar Confectionery products Fats and oils Beverages Malt beverages Bottled and canned soft drinks Misc. food and kindred products 1972 SIC Code 206 2061-3 2065 207 208 Average weekly hours Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Average overtime hours Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 4.0 6.5 3.2 5.7 4.1 6.2 3.3 4.1 4.3 7.2 3.2 5.1 3.3 5.9 2.2 3.2 4.6 7.5 3.5 6.5 4.1 6.3 3.3 4.5 3.9 7.0 2.7 5.7 3.4 5.8 2.4 4.1 Jan. 1990p 2082 2086 209 41.1 44.3 39.6 43.9 41.5 43.5 40.5 38.7 41.4 44.9 39.2 44.4 40.1 43.3 38.6 36.7 42.3 45.8 40.5 44.8 42.1 43.7 40.9 39.5 41.0 44.9 39.1 44.1 40.3 42.6 39.0 37.7 Tobacco manufactures Cigarettes 21 211 38.6 38.6 38.0 38.0 38.1 38.1 37.6 38.1 37.3 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.6 2.8 3.1 2.8 3.2 Textile mill products Weaving mills, cotton Weaving mills, synthetics Weaving and finishing mills, wool Narrow fabric mills Knitting mills Women's hosiery, except socks Hosiery, nee Knit outerwear mills Knit underwear mills Circular knit fabric mills Textile finishing, except wool Finishing plants, cotton Finishing plants, synthetics Floor covering mills Yarn and thread mills Yarn mills, except wool Throwing and winding mills Miscellaneous textile goods 22 221 222 223 224 225 41.0 41.6 41.2 40.8 41.6 39.8 38.6 38.9 39.3 39.7 41.5 42.3 42.8 42.0 41.9 40.7 41.1 38.2 42.0 40.7 39.9 41.6 41.0 42.1 39.5 40.0 38.8 37.7 39.7 41.7 42.6 41.8 43.3 40.6 40.9 41.4 38.0 42.2 40.6 42.0 41.2 39.4 41.5 38.4 39.2 35.5 38.3 38.1 40.2 42.2 43.1 41.8 43.8 39.7 40.0 36.7 41.9 40.2 41.2 41.0 40.5 40.5 38.3 38.0 37.6 37.7 37.9 39.9 40.6 41.4 40.4 42.8 40.1 40.6 37.4 41.6 39.7 4.1 4.7 4.1 3.3 3.6 3.6 2.8 3.1 3.9 2.3 4.7 5.0 5.1 5.0 4.3 4.0 4.3 2.5 4.1 4.0 3.8 4.3 3.7 3.8 3.3 3.5 2.7 2.9 2.0 4.8 5.4 5.2 5.7 3.9 4.1 4.4 2.9 4.3 4.0 5.3 3.9 2.8 3.1 3.3 3.6 1.9 3.9 2.4 3.8 5.3 5.8 5.2 5.0 3.6 3.8 2.2 4.0 3.7 4.7 3.9 2.9 3.1 2.8 3.6 2.1 2.8 2.1 3.3 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.8 3.7 4.0 2.6 3.9 Apparel and other textile products Men's and boys' suits and coats Men's and boys' furnishings Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear Men's and boys' separate trousers Men's and boys' work clothing Women's and misses' outerwear Women's and misses' blouses and waists Women's and misses' dresses Women's and misses' suits and coats Women's and misses' outerwear, nee Women's and children's undergarments Women's and children's underwear Brassieres and allied garments Children's outerwear Children's dresses and blouses Misc. apparel and accessories Misc. fabricated textile products Curtains and draperies House furnishings, nee Automotive and apparel trimmings 23 231 232 36.8 37.1 36.5 36.9 36.5 35.7 35.4 35.7 35.9 35.2 35.2 37.0 37.4 35.2 37.6 36.9 38.1 38.7 35.6 37.5 42.5 36.7 35.8 36.7 36.5 35.8 36.1 35.1 34.6 33.2 35.8 35.8 36.2 36.6 34.4 36.8 35.9 37.5 39.2 37.4 40.2 41.3 36.3 35.7 36.7 36.7 35.7 36.3 35.0 34.7 34.0 36.2 35.3 36.4 36.8 34.4 37.4 36.6 37.0 37.4 35.1 38.4 37.6 36.4 2392 2396 37.0 36.1 37.1 37.4 36.1 36.5 35.4 35.5 34.6 35.9 35.6 37.5 37.9 35.2 37.0 36.2 38.0 39.2 37.2 39.4 41.3 1.9 1.1 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.6 2.1 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.9 1.7 2.1 3.0 2.1 2.9 4.6 1.8 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.7 1.1 2.1 5.8 1.8 .9 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.0 1.5 2.0 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.0 1.7 2.9 2.6 3.6 3.9 1.5 .7 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 .9 1.4 1.8 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.9 2.5 2.6 1.2 1.9 1.4 2.2 1.5 Paper and allied products Paper and pulp mills Paper mills, except building paper Paperboard mills Misc. converted paper products Paper coating and glazing Envelopes Bags, except textile bags Paperboard containers and boxes Folding paperboard boxes Corrugated and solid fiber boxes Sanitary food containers 26 261,2,6 262 263 264 2641 2642 2643 265 2651 2653 2654 43.3 45.2 45.4 44.8 41.8 43.6 41.3 41.7 42.8 42.5 43.5 42.1 43.2 45.0 45.0 44.5 41.6 43.9 41.7 41.7 43.1 43.5 43.6 41.3 43.9 45.7 45.9 45.6 42.6 43.8 42.8 43.3 43.3 43.1 43.9 44.1 43.1 44.1 44.3 45.4 42.2 43.8 43.1 42.1 42.5 42.0 43.3 42.5 42.6 5.1 6.5 6.7 7.0 3.9 4.1 3.2 4.3 4.7 4.6 5.1 4.4 5.1 6.4 6.5 6.8 3.9 4.2 3.6 4.2 4.7 5.0 5.1 3.5 5.3 6.8 6.9 7.2 4.3 4.7 4.1 4.7 4.8 5.0 5.2 4.4 5.0 6.4 6.4 7.1 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.5 4.3 See footnotes at end of table. 90 2251 2252 2253 2254 2257 226 2261 2262 227 228 2281 2282 229 2321 2327 2328 233 2331 2335 2337 2339 234 2341 2342 236 2361 238 239 2391 Feb. 1990p ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry 1972 SIC Code Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 206 2061-3 2065 207 208 2082 $9.78 $9.69 10.85 2086 10.29 209 8.77 17.44 9.97 8.66 $9.66 10.86 8.53 9.93 13.32 18.13 Tobacco manufactures Cigarettes 21 211 15,37 18.52 14.39 17.74 15.31 19.48 Textile mill products Weaving mills, cotton Weaving mills, synthetics Weaving and finishing mills, wool Narrow fabric mills Knitting mills Women's hosiery, except socks Hosiery, nee Knit outerwear mills Knit underwear mills Circular knit fabric mills Textile finishing, except wool Finishing plants, cotton Finishing plants, synthetics Floor covering mills Yarn and thread mills Yarn mills, except wool Throwing and winding mills Miscellaneous textile goods 22 221 222 223 224 225 7.68 8.00 8.29 8.41 7.15 6.97 6.81 6.73 6.67 6.91 7.75 8.13 8.11 8.47 7.95 7.39 7.39 7.43 8.64 7.60 7.84 8.18 8.29 7.03 6.91 6.89 6.63 6.55 6.74 7.76 8.05 8.07 8.40 7.82 7.30 7.31 7.34 8.62 7.87 8.16 8.42 8.46 7.29 7.19 6.86 6.78 7.11 7.15 7.79 8.34 8.26 8.68 8.09 7.54 7.54 7.57 8.84 6.35 7.11 5.81 5.71 5.60 5.74 6.10 5.31 6.54 6.50 6.03 5.93 5.79 6.73 5.68 5.66 6.18 7.59 6.35 6.43 11.61 6.32 7.06 5.79 5.70 5.61 5.74 6.06 5.27 6.41 6.53 6.01 5.86 5.71 6.68 5.65 5.70 6.15 7.61 6.21 6.37 11.68 11.93 11.78 14.46 14.49 14.47 Nondurable goods—Continued Food and kindred products—Continued Sugar and confectionery products Cane and beet sugar Confectionery products Fats and oils Beverages Malt beverages Bottled and canned soft drinks Misc. food and kindred products 2251 2252 2253 2254 2257 226 2261 2262 227 228 2281 2282 229 Apparel and other textile products Men's and boys' suits and coats Men's and boys' furnishings Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear Men's and boys' separate trousers Men's and boys' work clothing Women's and misses' outerwear Women's and misses' blouses and waists Women's and misses' dresses Women's and misses' suits and coats Women's and misses' outerwear, nee Women's and children's undergarments Women's and children's underwear Brassieres and allied garments Children's outerwear Children's dresses and blouses Misc. apparel and accessories Misc. fabricated textile products Curtains and draperies House furnishings, nee Automotive and apparel trimmings 23 231 232 2321 2327 2328 233 2331 2335 2337 2339 234 2341 2342 236 2361 Paper and allied products Paper and pulp mills Paper mills, except building paper Paperboard mills Misc. converted paper products Paper coating and glazing Envelopes Bags, except textile bags Paperboard containers and boxes Folding paperboard boxes Corrugated and solid fiber boxes Sanitary food containers 26 261,2,6 262 263 264 238 239 2391 2392 2396 Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings 11.14 8.67 9.83 12.93 18.00 14.71 14.74 14.76 10.39 2641 2642 2643 11.55 265 2651 2653 2654 10.16 9.78 9.62 10.60 10.33 9.95 8.57 9.66 12.56 10.30 11.42 9.73 9.46 10.09 10.51 10.27 9.81 Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 $401.96 493.50 343.33 431.54 536.60 783.00 416.75 339.40 $401.17 487.17 335.94 428.90 503.66 755.15 384.84 317.82 $408.62 497.39 345.47 444.86 560.77 792.28 436.81 348.79 $407.95 504.68 344.08 436.59 532.36 778.73 409.50 336.66 15.64 $15.57 593.28 714.87 19.65 546.82 674.12 583.31 742.19 588.06 748.67 $580.76 7.92 8.23 8.49 8.54 7.24 7.26 6.95 6.88 7.13 7.34 7.89 8.35 8.24 8.76 8.15 7.62 7.63 7.62 8.85 7.94 314.88 332.80 341.55 343.13 297.44 277.41 262.87 261.80 262.13 274.33 321.63 343.90 347.11 355.74 333.11 300.77 303.73 283.83 362.88 309.32 312.82 340.29 339.89 295.96 272.95 275.60 257.24 246.94 267.58 323.59 342.93 337.33 363.72 317.49 298.57 302.63 278.92 363.76 319.52 342.72 346.90 333.32 302.54 276.10 268.91 240.69 272.31 272.42 313.16 351.95 356.01 362.82 354.34 299.34 301.60 277.82 370.40 318.38 339.08 348.09 345.87 293.22 278.06 264.10 258.69 268.80 278.19 314.81 339.01 341.14 353.90 348.82 305.56 309.78 284.99 368.16 315.22 6.45 7.19 5.90 5.90 5.65 5.78 6.20 5.45 6.60 6.75 6.11 5.95 5.79 6.78 5.77 5.73 6.30 7.67 6.41 6.52 11.69 6.41 7.30 6.00 6.01 5.67 5.89 6.19 5.46 6.46 6.90 6.10 6.14 5.94 7.19 5.91 5.83 6.36 7.32 6.49 6.56 10.25 6.45 234.95 232.58 261.93 211.34 210.33 204.77 204.92 214.52 188.14 230.12 229.86 211.55 216.82 213.55 235.14 212.44 210.33 234.32 294.51 221.08 238.88 496.40 236.72 257.40 216.53 215.35 202.27 208.66 217.62 188.57 219.12 241.65 218.74 215.39 211.91 233.23 212.34 205.71 236.25 300.66 239.73 262.10 482.80 232.68 260.61 220.20 220.57 202.42 213.81 216.65 189.46 219.64 249.78 215.33 223.50 218.59 247.34 221.03 213.38 235.32 273.77 227.80 251.90 385.40 234.78 256.67 215.55 213.55 202.16 209.51 215.94 188.51 226.28 233.35 214.67 222.38 219.44 236.90 210.16 204.89 234.84 297.53 236.22 253.34 479.49 12.14 14.97 14.99 15.16 10.59 11.86 9.99 9.83 10.28 10.80 10.44 10.04 12.16 15.14 15.14 14.97 10.58 11.86 9.95 9.83 10.28 10.87 10.35 10.12 12.16 516.57 664.89 669.20 661.25 434.30 503.58 403.91 401.15 434.85 450.50 449.36 418.90 508.90 650.70 652.05 643.92 428.48 501.34 405.74 394.48 434.88 457.19 447.77 405.15 532.95 684.13 688.04 691.30 451.13 519.47 427.57 425.64 445.12 465.48 458.32 442.76 524.10 667.67 670.70 679.64 446.48 519.47 428.85 413.84 436.90 456.54 448.16 430.10 518.02 10.68 8.83 Jan. 1990" $9.95 11.24 8.80 9.90 13.21 18.28 10.50 8.93 Feb. 1990p Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p See footnotes at end of table. 91 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Nondurable goods—Continued Printing and publishing Newspapers Periodicals Books Book publishing Book printing Miscellaneous publishing Commercial printing Commercial printing, letterpress Commercial printing, lithographic Manifold business forms Blankbooks and bookbinding Printing trade services 1972 SIC Code 27 271 272 273 2731 2732 274 275 2751 2752 276 278 279 28 Chemicals and allied products 281 Industrial inorganic chemicals 2819 Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee 282 Plastics materials and synthetics 2821 Plastics materials and resins 2824 Organic fibers, noncellulosic 283 Drugs 2834 Pharmaceutical preparations 284 Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods 2841 Soap and other detergents 2842,3 Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations 2844 Toilet preparations 285 Paints and allied products 286 Industrial organic chemicals 2865 Cyclic crudes and intermediates Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee . 2861,9 287 Agricultural chemicals 289 Miscellaneous chemical products Average weekly hours Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Average overtime hours Feb. 1990" Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p 37.8 33.2 37.8 38.9 38.4 39.7 36.2 39.2 39.0 39.2 41.6 38.0 38.9 37.7 32.6 37.8 38.6 38.0 39.6 36.5 39.2 38.9 39.1 41.2 39.3 38.7 38.2 33.9 38.0 38.5 38.3 38.9 36.0 39.6 39.2 39.6 44.9 37.7 39.2 37.5 32.6 38.4 37.8 38.8 36.3 36.4 38.8 38.2 38.8 42.5 37.7 39.4 37.7 3.0 1.3 3.0 3.1 2.6 4.0 1.9 3.5 3.1 3.6 3.9 2.8 4.1 2.8 1.0 3.0 3.2 2.6 4.2 2.0 3.3 2.7 3.6 3.7 3.1 3.9 3.2 1.5 3.0 2.8 2.4 3.4 2.1 3.8 3.4 3.9 5.8 2.6 4.0 2.8 1.0 3.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 1.6 3.3 2.9 3.2 4.4 2.9 4.0 42.4 42.8 42.5 43.1 43.7 42.9 41.7 41.5 40.2 42.5 41.2 38.3 41.8 44.6 43.9 44.8 43.4 42.4 42.4 42.7 42.8 43.1 43.7 42.7 41.7 41.2 40.0 42.7 40.9 38.0 41.7 44.1 43.0 44.4 43.6 42.6 43.3 42.4 42.2 43.0 44.4 41.8 43.8 44.2 42.1 43.9 43.4 40.2 42.5 45.5 45.3 45.5 43.4 43.1 42.5 42.2 41.8 42.2 44.2 40.3 42.4 42.4 40.8 42.1 42.1 39.3 41.4 45.1 45.2 45.1 44.0 42.5 42.0 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.9 5.2 4.5 3.7 3.7 2.9 5.0 3.1 1.7 3.7 5.7 5.4 5.7 5.0 3.9 4.0 3.8 3.9 4.6 4.9 4.4 3.8 3.8 2.6 4.8 3.1 1.1 3.5 5.1 5.0 5.1 4.9 3.8 4.5 4.2 4.0 4.7 5.5 3.7 4.4 4.4 3.9 6.0 3.5 2.8 3.7 5.9 6.1 5.9 4.8 3.9 4.4 3.9 3.7 4.9 5.5 4.2 4.4 4.5 3.0 4.2 3.2 2.2 3.2 6.0 6.0 6.0 5.0 3.9 Petroleum and coal products Petroleum refining Paving and roofing materials 29 291 295 44.3 44.3 45.3 43.5 43.8 43.3 45.4 45.9 44.9 43.3 43.4 44.6 44.0 5.7 5.4 7.9 4.9 4.9 5.4 5.6 5.4 7.7 6.1 6.1 7.1 Rubber and misc. plastics products Tires and inner tubes Rubber and plastics footwear Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose and belting Fabricated rubber products, nee Miscellaneous plastics products 30 301 302 41.5 43.9 40.7 41.9 45.4 39.8 41.5 42.7 41.3 41.0 43.3 42.1 41.0 4.0 5.5 2.3 4.3 6.3 2.4 3.7 5.0 2.1 3.6 5.3 3.1 303,4 306 307 42.9 41.1 41.1 44.0 41.5 41.4 42.9 42.2 41.2 43.2 41.1 40.6 4.2 3.4 3.9 4.5 3.7 4.2 4.2 3.5 3.6 4.7 3.1 3.4 Leather and leather products Leather tanning and finishing Footwear, except rubber Men's footwear, except athletic Women's footwear, except athletic Luggage Handbags and personal leather goods 31 311 37.9 41.7 37.3 37.3 37.2 39.8 36.3 37.8 41.5 37.6 37.0 38.2 39.3 35.0 37.7 42.4 37.0 36.6 37.0 37.6 36.3 37.2 41.8 36.6 36.8 36.2 37.3 35.2 37.3 2.0 4.5 1.5 1.1 1.9 2.5 2.2 1.8 4.8 1.4 1.1 1.8 2.0 1.6 1.9 4.1 1.3 .9 1.6 1.7 3.1 1.9 4.5 1.5 1.0 1.9 1.9 2.1 39.4 39.3 39.3 38.8 39.1 314 3143 3144 316 317 Transportation and public utilities Railroad transportation: Class I railroads3 4011 44.2 45.4 42.4 42.5 Local and interurban passenger transit Local and suburban transportation Intercity highway transportation 41 411 413 34.3 38.4 39.7 34.2 38.9 39.0 33.5 38.0 38.5 33.1 38.3 39.1 Trucking and warehousing Trucking and trucking terminals Public warehousing 42 421,3 422 38.4 38.3 39.4 37.5 37.4 39.0 38.8 38.7 39.9 37.4 37.3 39.2 Pipe lines, except natural gas 46 41.4 42.3 42.5 41.8 See footnotes at end of table. 92 Feb. 1990p ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Nondurable goods—Continued Printing and publishing Newspapers Periodicals Books Book publishing Book printing Miscellaneous publishing Commercial printing Commercial printing, letterpress Commercial printing, lithograpnic Manifold business forms Blankbooks and bookbinding Printing trade services 1972 SIC Code 27 271 272 273 2731 2732 274 275 2751 2752 Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 11.33 278 8.68 13.43 11.14 8.47 13.33 11.64 8.85 13.06 14.21 14.29 13.39 14.31 12.65 12.51 12.45 11.28 15.04 10.27 9.49 11.65 15.58 15.42 15.62 12.74 11.92 28 Chemicals and allied products 281 Industrial inorganic chemicals 2819 Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee 282 Plastics materials and synthetics Plastics materials and resins 2821 Organic fibers, noncellulosic 2824 283 Drugs 2834 Pharmaceutical preparations 284 Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods 2841 Soap and other detergents 2842,3 Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations 2844 Toilet preparations 285 Paints and allied products 286 Industrial organic chemicals 2865 Cyclic crudes and intermediates Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee . 2861,9 287 Agricultural chemicals 289 Miscellaneous chemical products Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 $10.87 $10.73 $11.07 $11.10 $11.13 $410.89 359.22 10.82 10.79 10.93 10.98 436.21 11.54 11.41 11.81 11.91 9.87 9.67 376.16 9.90 9.59 9.57 357.50 9.31 9.64 9.31 405.34 10.21 10.01 10.28 10.35 367.43 10.15 10.06 10.30 10.10 436.69 10.96 11.37 11.40 11.14 419.64 10.76 10.48 11.08 11.17 442.18 11.28 11.14 11.45 11.46 276 279 Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p $404.52 351.75 431.30 370.17 353.78 396.40 367.19 429.63 407.67 435.57 458.97 332.87 515.87 $422.87 $416.25 $419.60 370.53 357.95 448.78 381.15 369.21 457.34 399.89 370.80 450.25 434.34 453.42 522.64 333.65 526.46 375.71 367.64 442.32 426.69 444.65 493.00 335.15 538.20 373.09 371.32 11.60 471.33 13.43 8.89 13.66 329.84 522.43 12.85 13.97 13.98 13.14 14.13 12.36 12.40 12.21 11.27 14.87 10.34 9.45 11.54 15.09 14.87 15.15 12.63 11.76 13.31 14.44 14.53 13.68 14.59 12.92 12.66 12.70 11.69 15.38 10.20 10.07 11.75 15.81 15.77 15.82 13.10 12.13 13.32 14.41 14.55 13.64 14.37 13.05 12.79 12.79 11.59 15.03 10.17 10.15 11.70 15.72 15.78 15.71 13.37 12.14 13.24 553.74 608.19 607.33 577.11 625.35 542.69 521.67 516.68 453.46 639.20 423.12 363.47 486.97 694.87 676.94 699.78 552.92 505.41 544.84 596.52 598.34 566.33 617.48 527.77 517.08 503.05 450.80 634.95 422.91 359.10 481.22 665.47 639.41 672.66 550.67 500.98 576.32 612.26 613.17 588.24 647.80 540.06 554.51 561.34 492.15 675.18 442.68 404.81 499.38 719.36 714.38 719.81 568.54 522.80 566.10 608.10 608.19 575.61 635.15 525.92 542.30 542.30 472.87 632.76 428.16 398.90 484.38 708.97 713.26 708.52 588.28 515.95 556.08 Petroleum and coal products Petroleum refining Paving and roofing materials 29 291 295 15.44 16.62 12.25 15.24 16.34 11.52 15.76 16.84 12.63 15.90 17.08 12.23 16.26 683.99 736.27 554.93 662.94 715.69 498.82 715.50 772.96 567.09 688.47 741.27 545.46 715.44 Rubber and misc. plastics products Tires and inner tubes Rubber and plastics footwear Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose and belting Fabricated rubber products, nee Miscellaneous plastics products 30 301 302 9.42 15.01 9.58 15.29 6.57 9.61 15.34 6.62 9.63 390.93 658.94 266.99 390.51 673.74 265.86 397.57 652.88 271.34 394.01 664.22 278.70 394.83 6.56 9.32 14.84 6.68 303,4 306 307 9.46 8.91 8.76 9.37 8.79 8.67 9.57 9.11 8.93 9.69 9.03 8.94 405.83 366.20 360.04 412.28 364.79 358.94 410.55 384.44 367.92 418.61 371.13 362.96 Leather and leather products Leather tanning and finishing Footwear, except rubber Men's footwear, except athletic Women's footwear, except athletic Luggage Handbags and personal leather goods 31 311 314 3143 3144 6.58 8.74 6.28 6.71 5.93 6.59 5.99 6.48 8.59 6.21 6.64 5.90 6.42 5.90 6.73 8.77 6.40 6.85 6.03 6.58 6.12 6.81 8.90 6.53 6.97 6.14 6.83 5.95 6.81 249.38 244.94 356.49 233.50 245.68 225.38 252.31 206.50 253.72 371.85 236.80 250.71 223.11 247.41 222.16 253.33 372.02 239.00 256.50 222.27 254.76 209.44 254.01 364.46 234.24 250.28 220.60 262.28 217.44 12.57 12.47 12.76 12.76 12.77 495.26 490.07 501.47 495.09 499.31 4011 15.68 15.30 16.28 16.15 693.06 694.62 690.27 686.38 Local and interurban passenger transit Local and suburban transportation Intercity highway transportation 41 411 8.86 9.61 11.59 8.70 9.48 11.45 9.05 9.91 11.59 9.05 9.78 11.55 303.90 369.02 460.12 297.54 368.77 446.55 303.18 376.58 446.22 299.56 374.57 451.61 Trucking and warehousing Trucking and trucking terminals Public warehousing 42 421,3 422 11.36 11.10 11.68 11.53 11.86 11.57 11.75 9.19 11.26 9.11 9.33 9.40 436.22 441.60 362.09 416.25 421.12 355.29 453.18 458.98 372.27 432.72 438.28 368.48 Pipe lines, except natural gas 46 16.20 16.09 17.06 16.71 670.68 680.61 725.05 698.48 316 317 Transportation and public utilities Railroad transportation: Class I railroads3 413 See footnotes at end of table. 93 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Transportation and public utilities—Continued Communication Telephone communication Radio and television broadcasting Electric, gas, and sanitary services Electric services Gas production and distribution Combination utility services Sanitary services 1972 SIC Code Average weekly hours Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p 48 481 483 39.4 40.9 35.2 39.6 40.9 35.9 39.6 41.2 35.1 39.6 41.2 35.1 49 41.9 42.0 42.0 42.2 41.7 41.6 41.7 42.0 41.9 41.0 42.2 42.0 42.9 42.7 41.4 41.5 41.2 42.4 41.8 41.5 38.1 37.9 38.2 37.8 491 492 493 495 Wholesale trade Durable goods Motor vehicles and automotive equipment Furniture and home furnishings Lumber and construction materials Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods Metals and minerals, except petroleum Electrical goods Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment... Machinery, equipment, and supplies Miscellaneous durable goods 50 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 38.6 37.5 37.2 39.5 35.5 40.3 38.2 38.7 39.0 38.2 38.5 37.6 37.0 39.0 35.5 40.7 38.3 38.6 39.0 38.1 38.6 38.0 37.3 39.2 35.1 40.3 38.6 38.9 39.0 37.9 38.3 37.9 36.6 38.6 35.0 39.9 38.3 38.5 38.6 37.2 Nondurable goods Paper and paper products Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries Apparel, piece goods, and notions Groceries and related products Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and petroleum products Beer, wine, and distilled beverages Miscellaneous nondurable goods 51 511 512 37.4 37.2 37.3 36.2 37.9 39.7 38.4 36.2 36.7 37.1 37.1 36.9 36.6 37.4 39.8 38.7 35.6 36.2 37.6 37.3 37.8 36.5 38.4 39.7 38.5 36.5 36.7 37.0 37.1 37.6 35.8 37.5 39.7 37.9 35.7 36.1 28.9 28.4 29.2 28.1 513 514 516 517 518 519 Retail trade Building materials and garden supplies Lumber and other building materials Hardware stores 52 521 525 36.2 38.0 32.4 35.8 37.5 32.1 36.0 37.6 32.6 35.5 37.3 31.6 General merchandise stores Department stores Variety stores Misc. general merchandise stores 53 531 533 539 27.7 27.6 28.4 28.8 26.6 26.3 28.0 27.9 30.3 30.1 32.5 30.1 26.6 26.4 27.5 27.6 Food stores Grocery stores Retail bakeries 54 541 546 29.9 30.0 29.1 29.3 29.5 28.1 29.6 29.6 29.3 28.8 29.0 27.8 Automotive dealers and service stations New and used car dealers Auto and home supply stores Gasoline service stations 55 551,2 553 554 36.2 36.9 38.3 34.0 36.0 36.8 38.1 33.9 36.1 36.9 37.8 34.1 36.0 36.9 37.7 33.7 Apparel and accessory stores Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings Women's ready-to-wear stores Family clothing stores Shoe stores 56 561 562 565 566 26.9 28.6 24.5 26.8 29.2 26.0 28.2 23.8 25.5 28.3 27.7 30.0 24.5 28.0 30.7 25.7 27.8 22.9 25.1 28.8 Furniture and home furnishings stores Furniture and home furnishings stores Household appliance stores Radio, television, and music stores 57 571 572 573 32.9 33.5 33.5 31.7 32.7 33.2 34.1 31.5 33.3 33.9 33.9 32.1 32.6 33.2 33.3 31.3 Eating and drinking places4 58 25.5 25.1 25.0 24.6 See footnotes at end of table. 94 Average overtime hours Feb. 1990p 37.7 28.3 Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Transportation and public utilities—Continued Communication Telephone communication Radio and television broadcasting Electric, gas, and sanitary services Electric services Gas production and distribution Combination utility services Sanitary services 1972 SIC Code 48 481 483 49 491 492 493 495 Wholesale trade Avg. 1989 Jan. 1990 p Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p $513.38 $513.61 $521.93 $524.70 561.15 559.10 569.80 569.38 424.86 429.01 431.03 443.66 15.01 15.40 14.22 17.17 11.53 14.99 15.50 14.18 17.05 11.30 619.28 632.52 577.92 728.37 472.04 609.86 612.99 576.24 728.22 464.12 633.42 646.80 610.04 733.16 477.34 622.09 638.60 601.23 712.69 468.95 10.38 10.23 10.62 10.59 $10.62 395.48 387.72 405.68 400.30 $400.37 10.63 10.46 9.49 9.63 9.86 9.23 10.88 10.03 10.89 10.11 9.98 10.27 10.45 11.17 11.12 10.17 11.67 8.52 410.32 363.38 363.44 398.16 346.84 440.48 421.35 387.00 444.21 321.26 402.71 356.82 356.31 384.54 327.67 442.82 422.07 377.51 436.02 317.37 419.97 381.14 372.63 406.11 355.91 448.54 432.32 397.95 454.35 326.32 417.09 383.17 365.27 396.42 365.75 445.68 425.90 391.55 450.46 316.94 374.00 408.08 427.09 357.66 383.93 497.04 381.31 420.28 302.41 367.29 402.54 415.49 359.05 376.24 493.52 382.36 401.21 291.77 384.27 415.15 444.15 367.92 394.75 504.98 392.32 440.19 311.22 375.55 414.78 429.39 364.44 384.75 495.06 378.62 416.26 304.68 189.01 184.03 194.47 189.39 8.41 Nondurable goods Paper and paper products Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries Apparel, piece goods, and notions Groceries and related products Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and petroleum products Beer, wine, and distilled beverages Miscellaneous nondurable goods 51 511 512 516 517 518 10.00 10.97 11.45 9.88 10.13 12.52 9.93 11.61 519 9.69 9.77 10.08 9.77 10.93 10.88 11.02 9.78 11.18 8.33 9.99 10.36 10.14 11.13 11.20 10.23 11.65 8.61 10.22 11.13 11.75 10.08 10.28 12.72 10.19 12.06 8.48 10.15 11.18 11.42 10.18 10.26 12.47 8.24 9.90 10.85 11.26 9.81 10.06 12.40 9.88 11.27 8.06 6.54 6.48 6.66 6.74 11.03 10.00 11.39 9.99 11.66 8.44 6.74 Building materials and garden supplies Lumber and other building materials Hardware stores 52 521 525 7.70 8.08 6.43 7.62 8.00 6.33 7.85 8.25 6.58 7.85 8.21 6.56 278.74 307.04 208.33 272.80 300.00 203.19 282.60 310.20 214.51 278.68 306.23 207.30 General merchandise stores Department stores Variety stores Misc. general merchandise stores 53 531 533 539 6.74 7.01 5.32 5.62 6.70 6.97 5.33 5.55 6.80 7.07 5.41 5.61 6.98 7.25 5.43 5.83 186.70 193.48 151.09 161.86 178.22 183.31 149.24 154.85 206.04 212.81 175.83 168.86 185.67 191.40 149.33 160.91 Food stores Grocery stores Retail bakeries 54 541 546 7.14 7.24 6.10 7.11 7.20 6.09 7.22 7.34 6.25 7.31 7.40 6.37 213.49 217.20 177.51 208.32 212.40 171.13 213.71 217.26 183.13 210.53 214.60 177.09 Automotive dealers and service stations New and used car dealers Auto and home supply stores Gasoline service stations 55 551,2 553 554 8.56 10.44 7.50 8.31 8.70 10.01 10.56 7.68 6.09 309.87 385.24 287.25 202.64 299.16 368.37 277.75 198.65 313.35 388.93 290.68 208.35 313.20 389.66 289.54 205.23 Apparel and accessory stores Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings Women's ready-to-wear stores Family clothing stores Shoe stores 561 562 565 5.96 7.29 5.86 8.68 10.54 7.69 6.11 566 6.00 7.35 5.65 5.94 6.03 5.96 7.42 5.67 5.88 5.90 6.12 7.32 5.73 6.04 6.26 6.15 7.63 5.85 6.09 6.02 161.40 210.21 138.43 159.19 176.08 154.96 209.24 134.95 149.94 166.97 169.52 219.60 140.39 169.12 192.18 158.06 212.11 133.97 152.86 173.38 Furniture and home furnishings stores Furniture and home furnishings stores Household appliance stores Radio, television, and music stores 57 571 572 573 8.20 8.20 8.43 8.13 8.11 8.16 8.13 8.02 8.44 8.40 8.94 8.37 8.44 8.41 8.75 8.40 269.78 274.70 282.41 257.72 265.20 270.91 277.23 252.63 281.05 284.76 303.07 268.68 275.14 279.21 291.38 262.92 Eating and drinking places4 58 4.75 4.68 4.88 4.87 121.13 117.47 122.00 119.80 56 Feb. 1990p 14.66 14.70 13.72 17.38 11.32 509 Retail trade Dec. 1989 14.78 15.06 13.76 17.26 11.32 50 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 514 Jan. 1989 $13.03 $12.97 $13.18 $13.25 13.82 13.72 13.67 13.83 12.64 12.07 11.95 12.28 Durable goods Motor vehicles and automotive equipment Furniture and home furnishings Lumber and construction materials Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods Metals and minerals, except petroleum Electrical goods Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment... Machinery, equipment, and supplies Miscellaneous durable goods 513 Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings 190.74 See footnotes at end of table. 95 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Retail trade—Continued Miscellaneous retail Drug stores and proprietary stores Miscellaneous shopping goods stores .... Nonstore retailers Fuel and ice dealers Retail stores, nee 1972 SIC Code 59 591 594 596 598 599 Finance, insurance, and real estate5 Average weekly hours Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p 29.8 27.3 28.5 32.9 38.6 31.8 29.3 26.9 28.1 31.7 39.8 30.9 30.7 27.8 29.5 34.9 40.7 32.6 29.1 27.0 27.5 32.0 39.3 30.5 35.9 36.1 35.7 35.7 Banking Commercial and stock savings banks 60 602 35.7 35.6 36.0 36.0 35.3 35.2 35.5 35.4 Credit agencies other than banks Savings and loan associations Personal credit institutions 61 612 614 36.5 35.9 36.3 36.5 36.0 36.2 36.2 35.6 36.2 35.9 35.6 35.8 Insurance carriers Life insurance Medical service and health insurance Fire, marine, and casualty insurance 63 631 632 633 37.2 37.1 37.9 37.0 37.3 37.0 37.9 37.0 37.1 37.0 37.9 36.9 37.1 36.9 38.0 36.8 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.4 Services Hotels and other lodging places: Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4 701 31.1 30.5 29.8 29.4 Personal services: Laundry, cleaning, and garment services Beauty shops4 721 723 34.2 29.7 33.7 29.8 34.3 29.7 33.9 28.9 Business services Advertising Services to buildings Computer and data processing services 73 731 734 737 33.7 36.9 29.7 38.0 33.7 37.6 29.7 38.2 33.7 36.9 29.3 38.0 33.5 36.8 29.2 37.6 Auto repair, services, and garages 75 753 36.7 38.1 36.3 37.9 36.7 38.4 36.3 37.8 76 37.8 37.7 37.7 37.6 78 781 29.3 35.9 29.2 36.9 29.4 36.1 29.8 36.8 79 28.4 27.8 28.2 28.0 80 801 802 805 806 32.5 31.5 28.5 31.9 34.0 32.6 31.6 28.8 32.2 34.0 32.5 31.6 28.5 31.8 34.1 32.7 31.7 28.6 32.0 34.4 81 34.9 34.9 35.0 34.8 89 891 893 38.1 39.1 37.2 38.1 39.0 37.1 37.9 38.9 36.8 37.9 39.0 36.8 Automotive repair shops Miscellaneous repair services Motion pictures Motion picture production and services .. Amusement and recreation services Health services Offices of physicians Offices of dentists Nursing and personal care facilities Hospitals Legal services Miscellaneous services Engineering and architectural services ... Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .. See footnotes at end of table. 96 Average overtime hours Feb. 1990p 35.9 32.5 Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued Industry Retail trade—Continued Miscellaneous retail Drug stores and proprietary stores Miscellaneous shopping goods stores .... Nonstore retailers Fuel and ice dealers Retail stores, nee 1972 SIC Code 59 591 594 596 598 599 Finance, insurance, and real estate5 Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p $202.64 176.36 181.55 253.33 365.93 221.01 $198.07 172.43 178.15 239.34 381.28 212.90 $210.30 180.98 186.74 269.43 407.81 228.20 $204.28 178.20 180.68 252.16 394.97 217.77 $6.80 6.46 6.37 7.7C 9.48 6.95 $6.76 6.41 6.34 7.55 9.58 6.89 $6.85 6.51 6.33 7.72 10.02 7.00 $7.02 6.60 6.57 7.88 10.05 7.14 9.57 9.46 9.76 9.83 $9.84 343.56 341.51 348.43 350.93 Banking Commercial and stock savings banks 60 602 8.28 7.88 8.17 7.82 8.42 7.99 8.46 8.03 295.60 280.53 294.12 281.52 297.23 281.25 300.33 284.26 Credit agencies other than banks Savings and loan associations Personal credit institutions 61 612 614 8.67 8.11 8.17 8.59 8.15 8.12 8.94 8.24 8.33 9.08 8.37 8.43 316.46 291.15 296.57 313.54 293.40 293.94 323.63 293.34 301.55 325.97 297.97 301.79 Insurance carriers Life insurance Medical service and health insurance Fire, marine, and casualty insurance 63 631 632 633 10.66 9.97 10.32 11.39 10.50 9.88 10.16 11.09 10.83 10.11 10.44 11.64 10.88 10.19 10.45 11.66 396.55 369.89 391.13 421.43 391.65 365.56 385.06 410.33 401.79 374.07 395.68 429.52 403.65 376.01 397.10 429.09 9.39 9.25 9.69 9.73 9.75 306.11 301.55 314.93 315.25 Services Hotels and other lodging places: Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4 701 6.65 6.62 6.93 6.88 206.82 201.91 206.51 202.27 Personal services: Laundry, cleaning, and garment services Beauty shops4 721 723 6.58 6.89 6.46 6.65 6.71 7.08 6.70 6.88 225.04 204.63 217.70 198.17 230.15 210.28 227.13 198.83 Business services Advertising Services to buildings Computer and data processing services 73 731 734 737 9.61 13.05 7.09 14.08 9.44 12.80 6.94 13.66 9.81 13.23 7.12 14.43 9.87 13.26 7.08 14.42 323.86 481.55 210.57 535.04 318.13 481.28 206.12 521.81 330.60 488.19 208.62 548.34 330.65 487.97 206.74 542.19 Auto repair, services, and garages 75 753 8.42 9.28 8.25 9.08 8.62 9.48 8.59 9.49 309.01 353.57 299.48 344.13 316.35 364.03 311.82 358.72 76 9.91 9.70 10.11 10.14 374.60 365.69 381.15 381.26 78 781 12.24 15.82 12.21 15.77 12.74 16.30 12.89 16.49 358.63 567.94 356.53 581.91 374.56 588.43 384.12 606.83 79 7.78 7.99 8.43 8.29 220.95 222.12 237.73 232.12 80 801 802 805 806 9.82 9.31 9.46 6.79 11.20 9.58 9.13 9.24 6.62 10.93 10.12 9.57 9.83 7.02 11.51 10.20 9.59 9.86 7.07 11.61 319.15 293.27 269.61 216.60 380.80 312.31 288.51 266.11 213.16 371.62 328.90 302.41 280.16 223.24 392.49 333.54 304.00 282.00 226.24 399.38 81 13.42 13.30 13.65 13.80 468.36 464.17 477.75 480.24 89 891 893 13.24 14.06 11.46 12.96 13.85 11.17 13.65 14.45 11.84 13.54 14.44 11.69 504.44 549.75 426.31 493.78 540.15 414.41 517.34 562.11 435.71 513.17 563.16 430.19 Automotive repair shops Miscellaneous repair services Motion pictures Motion picture production and services .. Amusement and recreation services Health services Offices of physicians Offices of dentists Nursing and personal care facilities Hospitals Legal services Miscellaneous services Engineering and architectural services ... Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .. 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing. 3 Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of $50,000,000 or more. 4 Money payments only; tips, not included. Feb. 1990p $353.26 316.88 5 Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from all series in this division. - Data not available. p = preliminary. NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1988 forward are subject to revision. 97 A Note on Average Hourly Earnings in Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missiles and Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' average hourly earnings series for production workers in aircraft manufacturing (sic 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles manufacturing (sic 3761) have been used to escalate labor costs in contracts between aerospace companies and their customers. Although the Bureau's series by definition take account of traditional wage rate changes, they do not capture "lump-sum payments to workers in lieu of general wage increases" which were negotiated in aerospace manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983. Because of special circumstances in the aerospace industry, BLS has calculated average hourly earnings series for sic 3721 and sic 3761 which include lump-sum payments. These series, beginning in October 1983, the effective date of the first aerospace bargain- ing agreement using lump-sum payments, were published in the June 1988 issue of Employment and Earnings. Current and year earlier data are presented in table C-2a along with the average hourly earnings series produced as part of the Current Employment Statistics program. An explanation of the methodology used to derive these series appears in the Explanatory Notes of this publication. Lump-sum payments are but one of several recent changes in the way that employees are compensated. The changes are widespread and they differ by industry. Because of these developments, the Bureau is conducting a broad-based review of all concepts and definitions used in its earnings and wage programs to determine the proper treatment of lump-sum payments and other new compensation practices. C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) Aircraft (SIC 3721) Series Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Average hourly earnings, excluding lump-sum payments $14.89 $14.70 $15.27 $15.33 $14.20 $13.96 $14.40 $14.53 Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum payments 15.39 15.14 15.91 15.98 14.59 14.36 14.65 14.86 = preliminary. 98 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls Industry Manufacturing DURABLE GOODS Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Instruments and related products .. Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products . Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 1 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half. 2 Not available. p = preliminary. Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990p $10.01 $9.91 $10.19 $10.15 $10.26 10.50 8.48 10.40 8.37 7.84 10.05 10.67 8.62 8.12 10.60 8.59 8.20 10.32 11.89 10.10 10.74 7.98 10.13 11.65 10.06 10.80 10.00 13.00 9.92 8.05 9.31 8.85 14.96 7.32 6.19 11.27 10.46 12.44 14.50 8.99 6.41 11.54 9.96 10.65 9.88 12.83 9.76 7.99 10.32 11.85 10.20 10.98 10.10 13.28 10.97 10.13 13.02 10.09 8.32 10.18 8.34 9.22 9.51 9.54 8.84 9.01 14.06 7.24 6.17 11.13 10.34 14.77 9.01 15.08 7.57 12.27 14.43 8.87 6.33 12.65 10.71 12.67 14.85 14.87 9.17 6.56 9.21 6.64 7.49 6.29 11.44 10.63 $9.58 6.28 11.49 NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1988 forward are subject to revision. 99 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers'on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars. Average hourly earnings INDUSTRY Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Total private: Current dollars Constant (1977) dollars $9.66 4.80 $9.54 4.85 $9.84 4.81 $9.87 4.78 $9.90 Mining: Current dollars Constant (1977) dollars 13.14 6.53 13.20 6.71 13.31 6.51 13.27 6.42 $13.33 Construction: Current dollars Constant (1977) dollars 13.37 6.64 13.26 6.74 13.64 6.67 13.41 6.49 $13.41 Manufacturing: Current dollars Constant (1977) dollars 10.47 5.20 10.37 5.27 10.67 5.22 10.59 5.12 $10.69 Transportation and public utilities: Current dollars Constant (1977) dollars 12.57 6.24 12.47 6.34 12.76 6.24 12.76 6.17 $12.77 Wholesale trade: Current dollars Constant (1977) dollars 10.38 5.16 10.23 5.20 10.62 5.19 10.59 5.12 $10.62 Retail trade: Current dollars Constant (1977) dollars 6.54 3.25 6.48 3.30 6.66 3.26 6.74 3.26 $6.74 Finance, insurance, and real estate: Current dollars Constant (1977) dollars 9.57 4.75 9.46 4.81 9.76 4.77 9.83 4.76 $9.84 Services: Current dollars Constant (1977) dollars 9.39 4.66 9.25 4.70 9.69 4.74 9.73 4.71 $9.75 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 Not available. p = preliminary. 100 Jan. 1990" Average weekly earnings Feb. 1990" 0 0 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft Avg. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990p Feb. 1990" $335.20 $329.13 $341.45 $337.55 $339.57 166.52 167.41 166.89 163.30 ft 562.39 279.38 557.04 283.34 581.65 284.29 573.26 277.34 $573.19 506.72 251.72 483.99 246.18 504.68 246.67 504.22 243.94 $498.85 429.27 213.25 425.17 216.26 440.67 215.38 429.95 208.01 $431.88 495.26 246.03 490.07 249.27 501.47 245.10 495.09 239.52 $499.31 395.48 196.46 387.72 197.21 405.68 198.28 400.30 193.66 $400.37 189.01 93.89 184.03 93.61 194.47 95.05 189.39 91.63 $190.74 343.56 170.67 341.51 173.71 348.43 170.30 350.93 169.78 $353.26 306.11 152.07 301.55 153.38 314.93 153.92 315.25 152.52 $316.88 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series. Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1988 forward are subject to revision. ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted 1990 1989 Industry Feb. Total private Mining Construction , Manufacturing ... Overtime hours Durable goods Overtime hours Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment , Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products ... Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods Overtime hours Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products , , , Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services ..., Apr. May July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.p 34.7 34.9 34.6 34.6 34.8 34.6 34.7 34.7 34.6 34.5 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 41.1 3.9 41.8 4.1 39.6 39.7 42.2 43.4 43.8 41.9 42.6 40.9 43.1 43.9 41.5 39.5 41.0 4.0 41.7 4.1 40.0 39.8 42.2 43.5 44.1 41.8 42.5 40.6 43.1 43.9 41.1 39.5 41.3 3.9 41.9 4.1 40.5 39.9 42.5 43.3 43.5 41.9 42.7 41.0 42.8 43.3 41.5 39.8 41.0 3.8 41.5 3.9 39.7 39.4 41.9 43.2 43.6 41.7 42.5 40.7 42.5 42.8 41.1 39.6 41.0 3.8 41.5 3.9 39.8 39.4 42.2 43.3 43.7 41.5 42.5 40.7 42.5 42.7 41.3 39.4 41.0 3.9 41.5 4.0 39.6 39.5 42.3 43.0 43.2 41.5 42.4 40.6 42.6 42.6 41.4 39.3 41.0 3.8 41.6 3.9 40.2 39.6 42.5 42.9 43.4 41.5 42.2 40.9 42.7 43.0 41.1 39.4 41.0 3.8 41.6 3.9 40.2 39.6 42.2 42.8 42.9 41.6 42.3 41.1 42.8 43.4 41.0 39.2 40.8 3.7 41.2 3.8 40.4 39.2 42.3 42.5 42.8 41.5 42.0 40.9 41.2 42.9 41.1 39.3 40.7 3.7 41.2 3.7 40.3 39.4 42.4 42.6 43.0 41.4 42.1 40.8 40.9 42.3 41.0 39.7 40.6 3.6 41.2 3.6 40.1 39.2 41.5 42.5 42.8 41.2 42.0 40.5 41.9 42.2 40.9 39.3 40.7 3.7 41.2 3.7 40.3 39.7 42.1 42.6 43.4 41.2 42.1 40.7 41.4 41.0 41.2 39.3 40.7 3.6 41.3 3.6 39.9 39.4 42.0 42.5 43.5 41.2 42.2 41.0 41.8 41.6 41.0 39.4 40.2 3.7 40.3 40.1 40.4 3.8 40.7 40.2 3.7 40.5 40.3 3.6 40.7 40.2 3.8 41.0 ft 40.2 3.7 41.0 40.2 3.7 40.8 40.1 3.6 40.8 39.9 3.6 40.6 41.7 37.6 43.4 37.9 42.6 41.4 41.4 37.1 43.3 37.8 42.5 41.2 37.0 43.2 37.6 42.5 41.0 37.0 43.5 37.7 42.4 40.6 37.0 43.2 37.9 42.5 40.7 36.9 43.4 37.8 42.4 40.5 36.8 43.4 37.9 42.3 40.2 36.3 43.1 37.6 42.7 39.9 3.6 40.5 (2) 40.5 36.6 43.1 39.9 3.5 40.4 ft 40.2 3.6 40.8 3.8 40.4 0 ft 40.8 37.1 43.2 38.0 42.3 41.1 36.9 43.3 37.9 42.3 ft ft 41.7 41.6 39.4 38.1 28.9 38.0 39.4 38.1 28.9 ft ft 32.5 32.6 ft ft 41.6 38.3 40.1 38.3 29.1 ft 37.1 43.3 37.7 42.1 ft 41.5 37.4 39.5 37.9 ft 28.9 32.8 32.5 ft 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular June 34.6 38.6 Transportation and public utilities Mar. p ft ft 41.5 37.9 41.4 37.7 39.4 39.4 38.0 28.9 ft 38.1 29.2 ft ft ft 41.5 38.1 39.0 38.0 28.8 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 41.5 38.1 41.4 37.7 41.2 37.5 39.3 39.3 39.1 38.1 38.1 38.1 29.0 28.8 0 ft 28.8 ft ft 34.5 34.6 ft ft 40.0 36.6 42.9 37.9 42.1 (2) 40.8 37.8 42.5 (2) 40.8 37.2 37.4 38.0 39.3 39.1 39.4 38.0 38.0 38.0 28.7 28.8 28.9 ft 41.1 ft 32.6 32.5 32.6 components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. p = preliminary. NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1985 forward are subject to revision. 32.5 32.8 32.6 32.7 32.8 32.6 101 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted (1977 = 100) 1989 1990 Industry Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.p Feb.p Total private 127.2 127.6 128.7 127.6 128.1 129.2 128.5 128.9 129.2 129.1 128.8 129.4 130.3 Goods-producing 102.9 102.9 103.5 102.4 102.5 103.0 103.3 102.8 102.4 102.5 101.1 102.1 102.8 86.2 85.3 86.5 87.1 80.1 81.1 83.4 81.8 81.2 80.3 84.4 85.3 85.5 140.5 140.3 141,0 138.2 139.3 142.7 143.5 143.1 143.8 145.8 139.5 149.2 150.0 96.7 96.7 97.2 96.4 96.4 96.3 96.4 95.8 95.2 94.8 94.5 93.7 94.4 Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures .Stone, clay, and glass products .. Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment - Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment...;.... Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 95.0 104.5 113.7 90.9 68.7 53.4 92.8 93.7 99.9 101.0 91.1 115.6 86.4 94.9 105.3 114.3 90.5 68.9 53.6 92.5 93.4 98.8 101.5 91.7 115.0 86.1 95.2 105.9 114.6 91.0 68.6 52.4 92.2 93.9 99.7 101.2 91.1 116.4 87.1 94.3 103.7 11.2.9 89.3 68.2 52.3 91.7 93.7 98.4 100.5 90.2 115.8 86.6 94.0 103.4 112.6 89.8 68.5 52.6 90.8 93.8 97.8 99.5 88.1 116.1 86.2 93.8 102.6 113.2 90.0 67.9 52.0 90.7 94.0 97.6 98.6 •«5;7 116.9 85.7 94.0 103.6 11.1.9 90.2 67.6 53.0 90.4 93.2 98.0 100.5 90.1 115.8 86.8 93.3 103.0 111.6 88.8 66.7 51.9 90.0 93.1 98.0 98.5 87.0 115.8 85.8 92.2 104.2 109.9 89.6 65.9 51.1 89.7 92.0 97.1 94.3 84J 116.1 86.0 91.9 103.9 110.2 90.0 65.6 50.8 89.1 92.7 96.6 92.7 82.3 115.2 86.2 91.6 103.2 109.1 87.7 65.6 51.1 88.5 92.4 95.0 95.0 82.4 114.4 86.3 90.3 104.4 110.3 89.4 65.0 51.5 86.9 92.6 95.4 86.0 67.7 116.1 87.2 91.8 102.7 109.4 89.2 65.6 51.4 87.9 92.8 96.2 94.3 81.6 116.1 86.8 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures ..... Textile mill products ..... Apparel and other textile products ............ Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 99.3 102.2 74.1 80.4 •85.5 101.9 138.4 100.0 83.3 120.0 99.5 102.9 69.6 81.0 85.4 102.3 138.5 100.4 82.2 119.9 100.1 103.8 73.0 82.1 86.8 102.4 138.2 100.9 82.9 119.9 99.5 103.3 69.6 81.5 85.4 102.3 137.8 100.5 83.5 119.6 99.9 104.3 69.0 81.5 85.2 102.3 138.3 101.8 84.3 118.9 100.1 106.4 70.5 81.3 84.9 102.7 137.7 101.5 83.2 118.8 99.9 105.2 68.7 80.4 84.9 103.4 138.3 101.8 83.4 119.3 99.7 106.2 69.0 79.1 84.5 101,9 138.7 101.5 84.1 118.4 99.6 105.9 67.6 79.5 84.0 102.8 138.3 101.8 85.6 118.1 99.2 105.5 66.9 78.8 83.6 102.8 139.3 101.5 85.3 116.8 98.7 105.0 66.2 78.1 82.4 102.1 138.8 102.8 85.6 115.3 98.7 105.5 67.3 78.4 82.4 101.7 139.9 102.3 82.4 114.2 98.2 104.9 68.2 76.9 81,5 101.0 141.0 101.2 84.9 114.2 57.0 56.1 56.0 54.7 55.5 54.7 54.8 54.8 53.8 53.0 52.1 52.4 52.8 140.6 141.2 142.6 141.5 142.2 143.7 142.4 143.3 144.0 143.9 144.1 144.6 145.5 116.2 116.2 118.6 117.3 117.3 117.7 113.7 116.8 117.4 117.3 119.8 119.3 120.9 125.9 126.4 127.2 126.1 126.7 127.2 127.3 127.6 128.0 128.3 128.1 128.7 128.6 126.7 126.9 127.7 127.2 127.4 128.9 127.5 127.5 128.4 128.3 127.6 128.7 129.1 140.8 141.8 143.8 141.9 142.7 145.0 143.3 143.8 145.0 143.8 144.1 144.3 145.5 166.1 167.3 168.9 167.5 169.0 170.8 170.4 171.4 172.2 172.0 172.4 172.7 174.1 Mining .:. Construction Manufacturing , : Service-producing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services 1 ........ Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. p = preliminary. 102 NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1985 forward are subject to revision. ESTABLISHMENT DATA EARNINGS SEASONALLY ADJUSTED *•?. hourly and weekly earnings of production or payrolls, seasonally adjusted 1909 1990 Industry Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. $9.78 $9.78 $9.83 Jan. p Feb.1 Average hourly earnings ) (in current dollars) i and puteHc utWties . >trade It fl—wot, insurance, and real estate r (in constant dollars)4 $9.52 $9.54 $9.61 $9.60 $9.62 $9.69 $9.74 $9.82 $9.87 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft | ft ! ft ft ft ft $13.22 $13.26 $13.33 $13.32 $13.32 $13.42 $13.37 $13.39 $13.44 $13.52 $13.60 $13.33 $13.42 10.40 1Q.40 10.42 10.45 10.48 10.52 10.55 10.55 10.57 10.61 10.55 10.68 10.37 9.99 10.01 tO.05 10.08 10.08 10.11 10.15 10.10 10.23 9.92 9.92 9.89 9.97 12.50 12.48 12.52 12.54 12.54 12.61 12.57 12.67 12.68 12.61 12.71 12,75 12.74 10.18 10.21 10.36 10.29 10.33 10.44 10.39 10,47 10.54 10.54 10.59 10.55 10.58 6.45 6.52 6.47 6.49 6.51 6.54 6.61 6.57 6.65 6.72 6.69 6.58 6.61 9.53 9.45 9.36 9.35 9.54 9.68 9.67 9.57 9.79 9.72 9.76 9.66 9.77 9.33 9.34 9.24 9.32 9.19 9.46 9.43 9.49 9.581 9.54 9.62 9.62 9.65 4.81 4.80 4.80 4.77 4.77 4.79 4.80 4.81 4.81 4.79 4.80 4.74 Average weekly earnings fr* ctttFent dollars I (1977) dollars 4 . 329.39 331.04 335.39 332.16 332.85 337.21 335.27 337.98 339.37 338.39 339.14 338.79 341.50 166.44 166.44 167.44 165.17 165.10 166.85 165.98 166,74 166.85 165.80 165.51 163.51 1 data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; Construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in station and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, taeurance, and real estate; and services. 1 This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal eomponerrts are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components And consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. 3 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time i * d one-hart. 4 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series. 5 Not available. * ~ preliminary. NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1988 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1985 forward are subject to revision. The CPI-W has been revised to reflect the experience through December 1989. Constant-doila/ earnings series have been revised from January 1965 through Docemoer 1989. 103 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas Average weekly hours State and area Average hourly earnings Jan. 1989 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Alabama Birmingham Mobile 41.3 41.5 41.0 41.6 41.2 41.8 41.1 41.1 41.4 $9.14 9.37 10.82 $9.27 9.56 11.37 Alaska 40.3 39.1 41.3 12.21 Arizona 40.9 41.9 41.2 Arkansas Favetteville-SDrinadale Fort Smith Little Rock-North Little Rock Pine Bluff 40.7 39.3 40.1 41.0 43.3 41.2 38.9 39.7 41.7 46.0 California Anaheim-Santa Ana Bakersfield Fresno Los Angeles-Long Beach Modesto Oakland Oxnard—Ventura Riverside-San Bernardino Sacramento San Diego San Francisco San Jose Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-LomDOC Santa Rosa-Petaluma Stockton Valleio-Fairfield-NaDa 40.4 41.7 39.8 37.7 40.7 40.0 40.6 39.3 39.7 39.4 40.5 38.1 40.3 39.2 39.2 40.9 39.8 Colorado Denver Connecticut BridaeDOrt-Milford Hartford New Britain New Haven-Meriden Stamford Waterbury Average weekly earnings Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990? $9.24 9.60 11.41 $377.48 388.86 443.62 $385.63 393.87 475.27 $379.76 394.56 472.37 13.98 12.15 492.06 546.62 501 80 9.84 10.07 10.09 402.46 421.93 415 71 41.0 39.1 40.6 41.5 43.4 8.16 7.34 8.64 8.60 10.17 8.42 7.74 8.58 9.02 10.25 8.41 7.53 8.57 9.08 10.59 332.11 288.46 346.46 352.60 440.36 346.90 301.09 340.63 376.13 471 50 344.81 294.42 347.94 376.82 459 61 41.2 42.8 39.8 39.9 41.3 41.1 42.7 42.0 40.3 39.6 41.1 39.6 41.1 40.8 37.3 42.1 42.3 40.0 40.6 39.6 39.2 40.5 38.6 41.7 40.3 40.3 40.3 40.1 38.2 39.7 39.8 36.6 40.7 40.5 11.00 11.16 11.77 9.33 10.52 10.56 13.19 10.41 9.88 11.52 11.16 12.91 12.86 10.98 10.51 10.90 13.33 11.32 11.49 11.96 9.15 10.77 10.53 13.15 10.81 10.20 11.85 11.35 13.07 13.67 11.56 10.82 11.28 13.38 11.27 11.40 12.14 9.37 10.71 10.68 13.24 10.83 10.12 11.60 11.42 13.16 13.57 11.55 10.98 11.29 13.08 444.40 465.37 468.45 351.74 428.16 422.40 535.51 409.11 392.24 453.89 451.98 491.87 518.26 430.42 411.99 445.81 530.53 466.38 491.77 476.01 365.09 444.80 432.78 561.51 454.02 411.06 469.26 466.49 517.57 561.84 471.65 403.59 474.89 565.97 450.80 462.84 480.74 367.30 433.76 412 25 552.11 436.45 407.84 467.48 457.94 502.71 538.73 459.69 401.87 459.50 529.74 39.8 39.7 41.1 41.0 39.4 38.8 10.39 11.57 10.57 11.77 10.58 11.77 413.52 459.33 434.43 482.57 416.85 456.68 42.3 42.6 42.6 42.7 41.3 42.1 43.8 42.7 43.0 43.2 43.4 42.0 41.4 43.2 42.6 43.2 43.0 42.6 41.2 41.5 42.2 10.98 11.42 11.39 11.41 10.72 11.71 9.79 11.35 11.73 12.02 11.96 10.94 11.53 10.28 11.34 11.92 12.21 12.08 10.82 11.43 10.23 464.45 486.49 485.21 487.21 442.74 492.99 428.80 484.65 504.39 519.26 519.06 459.48 477.34 444.10 483.08 514.94 525.03 514.61 445.78 474.35 431.71 41.2 42.6 41.2 43.6 40.1 41.3 12.36 14.75 12.66 15.08 12.06 14.78 509.23 628.35 521.59 657.49 483.61 610.41 40.0 38.9 38.6 11.44 12.16 12.16 457.60 473.02 469.38 40.8 41.2 40.6 39.0 41.8 41.5 40.1 43.7 42.2 43.2 41.1 40.2 42.1 44.5 42.4 44.0 41.1 40.5 40.8 39.6 41.1 43.2 40.9 43.3 8.64 8.47 9.12 7.18 9.56 11.20 8.69 9.46 8.82 8.76 9.42 7.49 10.11 11.64 9.03 9.68 8.86 8.84 9.50 7.45 10.10 11.83 9.12 9.66 352.51 348.96 370.27 280.02 399.61 464.80 348.47 413.40 372.20 378.43 387.16 301.10 425.63 517.98 382.87 425.92 364.15 358.02 387.60 295.02 415.11 511.06 373.01 418.28 Atlanta 41.0 41.0 42.9 42.1 40.8 45.7 41.3 39.7 43.9 8.77 10.18 11.37 9.07 10.18 11.74 8.99 9.99 11.67 359.57 417.38 487.77 381.85 415.34 536.52 371.29 396.60 512.31 Hawaii Honolulu 38.4 39.1 42.3 42.3 38.8 38.7 10.13 10.36 10.59 10.77 10.93 10.98 388.99 405.08 447.96 455.57 424.08 424.93 Idaho 38.9 39.8 37.9 10.16 10.31 10.41 395.22 410.34 394.54 Wilminaton District of Columbia: Washington MSA Florida Fort 1 auderdale-Hollvwood PomQano Beach Miami-Hialeah Orlando Tamna-St Petersburo—Clearwater u/oc) Palm Reach—Boca Raton—Delrav Beach See footnotes at end of table. 104 >•• Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas—Continued Average weekly hours State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Illinois Aurora-Elgin Bloomington-Normal Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul .... Chicago Davenport-Rock Island-Moline Decatur Joliet Kankakee Lake County Peoria Rockford Springfield 42.1 41.1 39.5 38.5 42.2 42.9 44.1 41.1 42.9 40.2 43.6 42.2 39.0 42.3 41.1 44.2 41.8 42.3 41.5 45.5 42.2 42.2 41.4 43.5 42.6 37.2 Indiana 42.1 Iowa Cedar Rapids Des Moines Dubuque Sioux City Average hourly earnings Jan. 1989 Dec. 1969 Jan. 1990? 41.5 40.1 40.9 41.1 41.6 40.7 44.7 41.2 40.5 40.0 43.2 41.6 38.0 $11.14 10.69 11.12 9.28 10.92 12.50 14.01 11.73 11.21 11.11 12.91 11.96 10.24 $11.32 10.78 12.63 10.01 11.06 13.46 14.47 12.99 11.55 11.81 13.83 12.33 10.32 41.5 40.9 11.67 41.3 40.7 43.1 39.9 38.5 40.9 39.8 42.1 39.7 41.3 40.5 39.3 42.5 41.1 39.2 Kansas Topeka Wichita 40.5 40.6 41.8 40.5 40.8 40.4 Kentucky Lexington-Fayette Louisville 40.5 41.2 41.2 Average weekly earnings Jan. Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990? $11.26 10.68 12.10 10.19 11.04 13.17 14.61 13.02 11.50 11.76 13.64 11.81 9.93 $468.99 439.36 439.24 357.28 460.82 536.25 617.84 482.10 480.91 446.62 562.88 504.71 399.36 $478.84 443.06 558.25 418.42 467.84 558.59 658.39 548.18 487.41 488.93 601.61 525.26 383.90 $467.29 428.27 494.89 418.81 459.26 536.02 653.07 536.42 465.75 470.40 589.25 491.30 377.34 11.81 11.88 491.31 490.12 485.89 10.63 12.42 12.02 11.45 8.37 11.14 12.80 12.32 11.96 8.43 11.10 12.63 12.16 11.27 8.38 439.02 505.49 518.06 456.86 322.25 455.63 509.44 518.67 474.81 348.16 449.55 496.36 516.80 463.20 328.50 40.1 41.6 40.4 10.65 12.41 11.39 10.91 12.21 11.78 10.71 11.69 11.88 431.33 503.85 476.10 441.86 498.17 475.91 429.47 486.30 479.95 38.7 40.7 37.9 39.9 41.2 40.7 10.25 10.31 11.75 10.43 10.70 11.83 10.39 10.69 11.75 415.13 424.77 484.10 403.64 435.49 448.36 414.56 440.43 478.23 42.3 43.5 40.4 41.1 43.6 44.6 42.8 40.8 43.0 44.4 42.9 39.4 11.13 12.93 10.64 11.12 11.29 13.10 10.90 11.35 11.22 13.53 11.01 10.44 470.80 562.46 429.86 457.03 492.24 584.26 466.52 463.08 482.46 600.73 472.33 411.34 Maine Lewiston-Auburn Portland 40.2 39.6 40.3 41.1 36.9 40.7 40.4 38.4 38.8 9.74 8.19 10.56 10.23 9.08 10.58 10.36 8.86 10.53 391.55 324.32 425.57 420.45 335.05 430.61 418.54 340.22 408.56 Maryland Baltimore MSA 41.0 41.2 40.9 40.9 40.6 40.8 11.02 11.31 11.43 11.89 11.30 11.68 451.82 465.97 467.49 486.30 458.78 476.54 Boston Springfield Worcester 40.7 40.8 42.3 41.5 41.0 41.3 42.0 41.4 40.7 40.6 41.3 41.6 10.64 11.51 10.18 10.43 11.13 11.87 10.53 10.97 11.10 11.79 10.50 11.08 433.05 469.61 430.61 432.85 456.33 490.23 442.26 454.16 451.77 478.67 433.65 460.93 Ann Arbor Battle Creek Detroit Flint Grand Rapids Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing-East Lansing Muskegon Saginaw-Bay City-Midland 43.6 44.4 44.7 44.5 43.3 41.8 43.0 43.3 39.8 40.8 45.1 42.9 44.1 43.0 43.9 42.2 41.8 41.6 41.9 43.2 42.9 42.9 40.3 41.8 41.6 40.8 40.7 40.7 40.0 42.5 26.7 40.9 42.5 13.51 14.60 14.56 14.62 16.73 11.60 10.30 12.94 14.44 12.32 15.39 13.63 14.35 14.22 14.65 17.03 11.77 10.55 13.13 15.44 12.27 15.51 13.24 14.31 14.55 14.56 16.94 11.63 10.60 13.08 14.50 12.55 14.35 589.04 648.24 650.83 650.59 724.41 484.88 442.90 560.30 574.71 502.66 694.09 584.73 632.83 611.46 643.13 718.67 491.99 438.88 550.15 667.01 526.38 665.38 533.57 598.16 605.28 594.05 689.46 473.34 424.00 555.90 387.15 513.29 Minnesota Duluth Minneapolis-St. Paul St. Cloud 40.3 38.2 40.5 38.9 40.8 38.1 41.0 37.7 40.2 37.7 40.2 37.2 10.84 11.55 11.31 10.30 11.19 12.14 11.68 10.34 11.16 12.19 11.67 436.85 441.21 458.06 400.67 456.55 462.53 478.88 389.82 448.63 459.56 469.13 371.63 Mississippi Jackson 40.7 40.7 40.7 40.8 39.5 40.3 8.00 9.04 8.19 9.28 8.20 9.15 325.60 367.93 333.33 378.62 323.90 368.75 Baton Rouge New Orleans Shreveport See footnotes at end of table. 105 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA HOUftS ANO EAWWtWOO NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-8. Average hours and earntitfs of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas—Continued Average weekly hours State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990" Average hourly earnings Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990* Average weekly earnings Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 199O»> Jan. 41.3 42.0 42.3 40.2 41.5 41.8 42.8 42.6 40.8 42.0 42.3 40.7 $10.40 11.52 12.22 8.80 $10.76 11.75 12.78 9.04 $10.60 11.14 12.60 9.12 $429.52 483.84 516.91 353.76 $446.54 491.15 546.98 385.10 $432.48 467.88 532.98 371.18 38.7 39.7 38.7 10.90 11.58 11.45 421.83 459.73 443.12 39.9 39.6 41.0 40.5 39.8 40.8 40.4 40.1 41.0 9.47 10.37 10.34 9.61 10.69 10.49 9.53 10.79 10.28 377.85 410.65 423.94 389.21 425.46 427.99 385.01 432.68 421.48 40.3 41.3 41.3 42.5 0) 0) 10.18 13.01 10.64 13.12 O O 410.25 537.31 439.43 557.60 0) V) 41.7 41.6 41.4 41.6 42.0 41.9 41.5 41.2 41.3 40.6 41.0 41.0 10.10 10.11 12.38 9.39 10.74 10.45 13.44 10.01 10.66 10.36 13.28 10.30 421.17 420.58 512.53 392.50 451.08 437.86 557.76 412.41 440.26 420.62 544.48 422.30 41.4 41.5 40.9 11.09 11.47 11.55 459.13 476.01 472.40 40.3 38.5 39.7 39.4 39.1 37.9 8.91 8.74 8.91 9.00 9.08 359.07 336.49 356.90 351.05 351.90 344.13 ...... 40.2 40.7 42.2 43.0 41.8 38.7 37.3 36.9 41.9 40.0 40.3 43.6 38.9 41.5 41.5 40.6 40.4 42.3 41.2 42.1 41.0 40.7 37.6 37.3 41.8 39.2 40.9 42.5 36.4 40.9 42.0 40.6 39.9 40.4 40.9 41,2 40.9 40.0 37.2 36.7 41.0 39.9 40.2 42.2 37.4 40.8 41.1 41.2 10.64 11.21 9.28 13.22 9.45 11.14 9.93 9.74 13.70 8.75 10.25 12.13 9.42 12.17 9.88 11.52 10.86 11.68 9.76 12.93 9.53 11.61 10.19 9.98 13.82 9.48 11.13 12.39 8.92 11.72 10.29 12.16 10.88 11.63 9.64 12.49 9.49 11.70 10.32 10.09 13.39 9.37 10.94 12.45 8.82 12.10 10.25 12.49 427.73 456.25 391.62 568.46 395.01 431.12 370.39 359.41 574,03 350.00 413.08 528.87 366.44 505.06 410.02 467.71 438.74 494.06 402.11 544.35 390.73 472.53 383.14 372.25 577.68 371.62 455.22 526.58 324.69 479.35 432.18 493.70 434.11 469.85 394.26 514.59 388.14 468.00 383.90 370.30 548.99 373.86 439.79 525.39 329.87 493.68 421.28 514.59 North Carottna AshevHIe . »...„... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock HiH Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point Raleigh-Durham 40.4 41.3 40.2 39.6 41.7 40.3 41.2 41.1 39.4 41.7 40.1 40.5 40.7 39.1 41.7 8.29 8.36 8.76 9.04 9.26 8.57 6.62 9.14 9.28 9.65 8.63 8.63 9.18 9.35 9.75 334.92 345.27 352.15 357.98 386.14 345.37 355.14 375.65 365.63 402.41 346.06 349.52 373.63 365.59 406,58 North Dakota Fargo-Moorhead .— 38.1 39.9 41.3 42.9 40.5 39.2 8.61 8.63 8.93 9.02 8.81 8.72 328.04 344.34 368.81 386.96 356.81 341.82 • ... 43,2 42.9 43.0 42.7 43.8 41.5 44.1 43.2 43.3 42.6 43.1 41.7 42.8 43.0 42.7 42.1 43.0 42.2 42.1 43.0 42.2 42.8 42.4 42.6 41.2 42.3 41.5 12.21 11.58 11.06 11.48 11.94 11.70 13.14 13.21 13.89 12.38 11.71 11.22 11.64 11.90 12.31 13,10 13.14 14.14 12.20 11.67 11.21 11.71 11.68 12.30 12.92 12.46 13.70 527.47 496.78 475.58 490.20 522.97 485.55 579.47 570.67 601.44 527.39 504.70 467.87 498.19 511.70 525.64 551,51 565.02 596.71 513.62 501.81 473.06 501.19 495.23 523.98 532.30 527.06 566.55 43.0 46.1 42.2 () V) O 10.36 11.55 10.10 10.37 11.16 10.23 0) ...... 41.0 41.7 41.6 424.76 481.64 420.16 445.91 503.32 431.71 •o 38.6 39.4 39.4 37.2 40.0 39.8 39.9 38.0 38.6 39.6 38.9 36.2 10.74 10.55 10.69 9.54 11.02 10.97 11.10 9.99 11.06 10.80 11.19 9.92 414.56 415.67 421.19 354.89 440.80 436.61 442.89 379.62 426.92 427.68 435.29 359.10 K a n s a s City St. Louts Springfield Nebraska Omaha Nevada Las Vegas . MAM* l4Afttffcttl%lftt Manchester Nashua , *.....,... Portsmouth--Dover-Rocheeter New Mexico Albuquerque New York Albany-Schenectady-Troy... Binghamton Buffalo . Elmira Nassau-Suffolk New York PMSA New York City Niagara Falls .. Orange County Poughkeepsie , Rochester Rockland County Syracuse Utica-Rome Westchester County ... » , .... . . See footnotes at end of table. • * .«««. * .... • . Oklahoma Oklahoma City Tuisa 106 ,. . Ohio , . Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton-Springfield Toledo ... Youngstown-Warren Qf^gon ...........i Eugene-Springfield Portland Salem * • () 0 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas—Continued Average weekly hours State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Pennsylvania Allentown-Bethlehem Altoona Beaver County Erie Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle Johnstown Lancaster Philadelphia PMSA Pittsburgh Reading Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Williamsport York 41.1 40.1 40.1 43.9 42.5 42.3 39.6 40.9 40.8 41.8 41.3 38.2 40.4 41.8 40.8 39.6 39.8 41.8 43.5 41.8 37.5 40.7 40.9 41.5 41.1 38.8 39.9 42.6 Rhode Island Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro Providence 39.4 39.6 39.1 South Carolina Charleston Columbia Greenville-Spartanburg Average hourly earnings Jan. 1989 Dec. Jan. 1990P 40.6 39.9 39.5 43.3 43.7 41.2 37.7 40.3 40.0 42.1 41.0 38.6 40.2 41.8 $10.55 10.41 9.46 10.69 11.17 10.66 8.13 10.45 11.54 11.17 1.1.04 9.04 9.55 9-95 $10.84 10.77 9.41 10.91 11.32 11.17 8.32 10.87 11.92 11.07 11.17 9.49 9.57 10.40 39.3 39.5 39.5 39.0 39.2 8.92 8.31 8.46 41.4 39.3 41.6 40.8 41.6 40.4 41.8 41.7 41.2 40.3 41.8 41.7 South Dakota Sioux Falls 42.3 43.5 41.1 46.1 Tennessee Chattanooga Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol Knoxville Memphis Nashville 40.8 41.7 42.6 39.1 42.7 40.7 Texas Dallas Ft. Worth-Arlington Houston San Antonio Average weekly earnings Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P $10.88 10.94 9.44 10.87 11.43 11.08 8.44 10.93 11.88 11.18 11.44 9.49 9.53 10.39 $433.61 417.44 379.35 469.29 474.73 450.92 321.95 427.41 470.83 466.91 455.95 345.33 385,82 415.91 $442.27 426.49 374.52 456.04 492.42 466.91 312.00 442.41 487.53 459.41 459.09 368.21 381.84 443.04 $441.73 436.51 372.88 470.67 499.49 456.50 318.19 440.48 475.20 470.68 469.04 366.31 383.11 434.30 9.26 8.62 8.77 9.30 8.66 8.77 351.45 329.08 330.79 366.70 338.77 346.42 367.35 , 337.74 343.78 8.37 9.05 8.61 8.21 8.64 9.46 8.86 8.48 8.64 9.44 8.86 8.51 346.52 355.66 358.18 334.97 359.42 382.18 370.35 353.62 355.97 380.43 370.35 354.87 41.9 46.1 8.27 8.62 8.37 8.30 8.23 8.24 349.82 374.97 344.01 382.63 344.84 379.86 39.8 39.0 41.4 36.4 41.1 40.9 38.8 40.2 39.6 37.2 40.4 40.4 9.21 8.16 9.61 9.04 9.31 10.78 9.29 8.57 9.81 9.50 9.78 10.81 9.27 8.29 8.87 9.06 9.59 10.58 375.77 340.27 409.39 353.46 397.54 438.75 369.74 334.23 406.13 345.80 401.96 442.13 ,359.68 333.26 351.25337.03 387.44 427.43 41.4 41.3 40.9 44.2 39.7 42.2 43.3 41.6 44.6 41.7 41.6 42.2 41.6 44.0 40.6 10.14 10.40 10.82 11.67 7.50 10.41 10.64 11.09 1.1.90 7.46 10.41 10.69 11.17 11.86 7.45 419.80 429.52 442.54 515.81 297.75 439.30 460.71 461.34 530.74. 311.08 433.06 451.12 464.67 521.84 302,47 Utah Salt Lake City-Ogden 40.0 39.9 40.7 41.2 39.6 39.7 10.07 9.87 10.21 10.08 10.24 10.11 402.80 393.81 415.55 415.30 405,50 401.37 Vermont Burlington 40.7 40.1 42.1 41.7 -40.7 41.6 9.67 10.21 10.11 10.39 10.26 10.45 393.57 409.42 425.63 433.26 417.58 434.72 Virginia Bristol Charlottesville Danville ,.., Lynchburg Northern Virginia Richmond-Petersburg Roanoke 40.8 41.8 41.0 41.7 42.2 39.1 41.8 42.0 40.1 40.0 41.1 42.5 39.3 39.5 41.4 40.9 40.6 41.2 ,43.4 42.3 40.7 . 40.1 43.0 42.0 9.56 7.82 8.02 9.57 9.53 10.54 12.43 11.05 9.98 8.05 8.60 9.50 9.59 10.94 13.14 11.73 9.88 8.09 8.56 9^56 9.67 10.96 12.95 11.58 390.05 326.88 328.82 399.07 402.17 412.11 519.57 464.10 400.20 322.00 353.46 403.75 376.89 432.13 544.00 479.76 401.13 333.31 371.50 404.39 393.57 439.50 556.85, 486.36 ..... ..... Washington 40.3 40.3 39.5 12.12 12.42 12.71 488.44 500.53 502.05 West Virginia Charleston Huntington-Ashland Parkersburg-Marietta Wheeling 40.3 43.1 40.9 42.1 42.0 41.3 44.8 41.4 43.3 41.2 40.5 44.2 41.0 41.7 41.5 11.03 13.42 12.69 12.94 13.17 11.25 13.22 12.95 12.99 13.34 11.41 13.42 12.92 13.02 13.28 444.51 578.40 519.02 544.77 553.14 464.63 592.26 536.13 562.47 549.61 462.11 593.16 529.72 542.93 551.12 Wisconsin Appleton-Oshkosh Eau Claire Green Bay Janesville-Beloit Kenosha La Crosse Madison Milwaukee Racine Wausau 41.6 42.8 41.2 41.5 44.1 40.4 39.0 41.2 42.0 40.1 41.7 42.0 43.4 44.5 41.9 40.7 41.4 39.1 41.0 42.6 41.1 43.7 41.1 42.4 42.7 41.1 42.0 35.6 39.2 39.9 42.1 39.9 42.0 10.76 11.53 10.99 11.36 13.24 12.72 9.00 10.03 11.64 10.77 10.27 10.96 11.94 11.21 11.78 12.51 11.57 9.74 10.22 11.77 11.33 10.56 10.87 11.98 11.03 11.77 11.50 11.10 9.64 10.27 11.63 11.12 10.68 447.62 493.48 452.79 471.44 583.88 513.89 351.00 413.24 488.88 431.88 428.26 460.32 518.20 498.85 493.58 509.16 479.00 380.83 419.02 501.40 465.66 461.47 446.76 507.95 470,98. 483.75 483.00 395.16 377.89 409.77 489.62 443.69 448.56 Wyoming 39.5 40.5 39.5 10.20 10.34 10.53 402.90 418.77 415.94 Puerto Rico 38.8 Virgin Islands 40.0 1 Not available. = preliminary. NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1989 benchmarks, and industry detail are classified in accordance with the 1987 p 5.64 44.5 10.92 218.83 11.72 436.80 521.54 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual. Data for the Memphis, Tennessee metropolitan area now include DeSota County Mississippi. Publication of hours and earnings data has been resumed for California State and selected metropolitan 107 PRODUCTIVITY DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers In nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted Millions of hours (annual rate)1 Industry Total Private sector Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation and public utilities ... Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government Dec. 1989 Feb. 1989 to Feb. 1990" to Jan. 1990r Jan. 1990 to Feb. 1990p 204,735 2.2 0.5 0.5 167,772 168,641 2.4 1,656 10,377 41,293 24,445 16,848 11,905 12,482 29,483 12,796 46,913 1,672 10,879 41,038 24,195 16,843 11,930 12,493 29,782 12,821 47,158 1,682 11,009 41,277 24,471 16,806 12,021 12,505 29,846 12,930 47,373 8.5 6.7 -1.6 -2.4 -.4 3.4 2.2 2.1 2.5 4.8 1.0 .6 1.2 .6 35,881 36,020 36,094 1.4 Dec. 1989r Jan. 1990' Feb. 1990* 202,786 203,792 166,906 1 Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted, multiplied by 52. p = preliminary. r = revised. NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers, 108 Percent change 4.8 -.6 -1.0 .0 .2 .1 1.0 .2 .5 1.1 -.2 .8 .1 .2 .8 .5 nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2285, chapter 10, Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors. SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261). PRODUCTIVITY DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted (1977=100) Quarterly index Annual average Item 1988 1987 1989r 1988 1989 IVr IV IV Business sector Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour1 Unit labor costs Unit nonlabor payments Implicit price deflator 113.0 140.0 123.9 200.2 102.5 177.1 170.9 174.9 114.2 144.8 126.8 211.2 103.2 184.9 175.8 181.7 110.7 132.2 119.5 189.5 101.4 171.3 166.5 169.6 111.7 134.4 120.3 191.8 101.6 171.6 168.9 170.7 112.5 136.7 121.5 195.1 102.5 173.5 167.2 171.3 113.2 138.2 122.1 196.4 102.3 173.5 168.9 171.9 112.6 139.3 123.8 199.1 102.6 176.9 168.8 174.1 113.4 140.7 124.0 201.9 102.8 178.0 171.8 175.8 113.5 141.9 125.0 204.5 103.0 180.2 173.7 177.9 113.8 143.6 126.2 206.9 102.8 181.9 174.7 179.4 114.2 144.4 126.4 210.4 103.0 184.1 176.3 181.4 114.7 145.6 127.0 212.8 103.5 185.6 176.5 182.4 114.7 145.6 127.0 215.7 103.9 188.0 175.6 183.7 111.1 140.3 126.3 198.7 101.8 178.8 172.2 176.5 112.1 145.0 129.4 200.5 102.4 186.9 176.5 183.3 108.6 132.0 121.5 188.3 100^8 173.4 167.6 171.4 109.5 134.1 122.4 190.5 101.0 173.9 170.3 172.6 110.2 136.4 123.7 193.8 101.8 175.8 168.7 173.4 111.0 138.0 124.3 195.0 101.5 175.7 170.3 173.8 110.5 139.5 126.2 197.5 101.8 178.7 169.8 175.6 111.5 141.1 126.6 200.2 101.9 179.6 172.1 177.0 112.0 142.8 127.5 203.0 102.3 181.3 176.3 179.6 111.6 143.6 128.6 205.5 102.1 184.1 174.6 180.8 111.9 144.6 129.2 208.3 102.0 186.1 176.5 182.8 112.6 145.9 129.6 211.0 102.6 187.4 177.6 184.0 112.7 145.9 129.5 214.1 103.1 190.1 177.0 185.6 136.5 138.1 101.2 196.0 100.4 143.6 140.3 143.2 102.1 204.3 99.9 145.7 133.3 128.7 96.6 189.0 101.1 141.8 134.3 131.1 97.7 190.4 100.9 141.8 134.7 133.5 99.1 191.7 100.6 142.3 135.5 135.0 99.7 194.3 101.2 143.4 136.3 136.9 100.5 195.3 100.6 143.3 137.8 139.3 101.1 197.4 100.5 143.2 138.6 141.1 101.8 200.2 100.8 144.4 139.4 142.2 102.0 201.9 100.3 144.8 140.7 143.4 101.9 203.2 99.5 144.4 141.1 143.9 102.0 206.1 100.3 146.1 142.1 143.3 100.8 209.6 100.9 147.5 142.8 145.0 101.5 192.6 98.7 134.9 146.5 149.6 102.1 200.4 97.9 136.8 140.3 134.2 95.7 187.8 100.5 133.9 141.1 136.5 96.7 188.9 100.1 133.9 141.8 139.9 98.6 189.8 99.7 133.8 142.5 141.3 99.2 192.6 100.3 135.2 143.3 144.0 100.5 192.4 99.1 134.3 144.4 146.4 101.4 193.9 98.7 134.3 144.9 148.3 102.3 196.9 99.2 135.9 145.6 149.1 102.4 198.8 98.8 136.5 147.7 150.3 101.7 199.6 97.8 135.1 148.3 150.4 101.4 202.7 98.6 136.7 148.2 148.6 100.2 206.3 99.4 139.2 127.0 127.8 100.6 201.8 103.4 158.9 131.0 133.6 102.0 211.2 103.2 161.2 123.1 120.5 97.9 191.5 102.5 155.6 124.3 123.1 99.0 193.3 102.5 155.5 124.3 124.0 99.8 195.2 102.5 157.0 125.1 125.6 100.4 197.5 102.9 157.8 125.9 126.4 100.4 200.5 103.3 159.3 128.0 128.8 100.6 203.4 103.5 158.9 129.0 130.3 101.0 205.7 103.6 159.4 130.0 131.8 101.3 207.2 103.0 159.3 130.3 133.1 102.2 209.7 102.7 160.9 130.5 134.1 102.8 212.4 103.3 162.8 133.1 135.4 101.7 215.7 103.9 162.0 114.7 143.5 125.1 194.1 99.4 174.6 169.3 190.3 128.8 169.1 114.6 147.0 128.2 204.0 99.7 184.0 178.0 201.9 112.5 175.5 111.6 133.9 120.0 184.8 98.9 170.8 165.5 186.3 122.5 165.0 113.0 136.9 121.1 186.9 99.1 170.8 165.3 186.9 129.3 165.8 113.5 138.9 122.4 189.5 99.5 172.1 167.0 187.2 122.0 166.1 114.6 141.2 123.2 190.9 99.4 171.9 166.6 187.8 127.0 166.5 114.7 142.8 124.5 193.1 99.5 173.6 168.4 188.9 129.1 168.2 115.1 144.3 125.4 195.5 99.5 175.2 169.9 191.0 127.5 169.5 114.9 145.4 126.5 197.8 99.6 177.5 172.1 193.3 131.6 172.0 114.5 145.8 127.4 200.2 99.5 180.4 174.9 196.9 119.6 173.1 114.5 146.5 128.0 202.8 99.3 182.9 177.1 200.1 116.6 175.0 115.3 148.1 128.4 205.5 99.9 184.6 178.1 203.9 113.5 176.1 Nonfarm business sector Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour1 Unit labor costs Unit nonlabor payments Implicit price deflator ... Manufacturing Output per hour of all persons Output Hours » Compensation per hour 1 Real compensation per hour Unit labor costs Durable goods Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour1 Unit labor costs Nondurable goods Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour1 Unit labor costs Nonfinancial corporations Output per all-employee hour Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour1 Total unit costs Unit labor costs Unit nonlabor costs Unit profits Implicit price deflator , , 1 Measures of real hourly compensation have been revised to reflect the most recent information on seasonal variation in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers. 2 Not available. ' ^revised. SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261). 109 PRODUCTIVITY DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates Percent change from Previous quarter Item Same quarter, previous year IV 1988 I 1989 1989 1989 IV 1989r 1988 IV 1988 I 1989 1989 1989 IV 1989r .7 2.6 7.1 4.1 0.2 3.4 3.2 5.2 .8 5.0 4.6 4.8 1.1 4.8 3.7 4.8 -.6 3.7 2.4 3.3 1.6 2.3 .6 6.8 .8 5.1 3.5 4.6 1.5 3.5 1.9 4.7 1.9 3.2 .4 2.2 0.2 .1 .0 5.5 1.5 5.4 -1.9 2.8 1.5 4.7 3.1 5.3 1.1 3.7 1.7 3.0 0.9 3.8 2.9 4.8 .5 3.9 3.9 3.9 0.5 3.9 3.3 5.4 .6 4.8 3.4 4.3 1.5 3.6 2.1 5.6 .4 4.1 4.4 4.2 1.1 3.5 2.4 5.4 .7 4.2 2.7 3.7 1.1 2.7 1.6 5.5 .9 4.3 1.1 3.2 3.3 4.6 1.2 5.4 .5 2.0 5.4 3.2 1.9 4.8 2.8 5.9 1.5 3.8 10.1 5.9 -1.3 2.4 3.7 4.9 -.5 6.2 -3.7 2.8 1.1 2.8 1.7 5.6 -.4 4.5 4.2 4.4 2.4 3.7 1.3 5.3 2.4 2.8 2.5 2.7 .2 .0 -.2 6.0 1.9 5.8 1.7 5.2 3.4 5.1 .9 3.3 1.1 2.5 1.6 4.7 3.0 4.8 .5 3.1 4.5 3.6 .6 4.1 3.5 5.4 .6 4.8 2.6 4.0 1.3 3.7 2.4 5.5 .3 4.1 3.9 4.1 1.0 3.4 2.4 5.4 .7 4.4 3.2 4.0 .6 2.2 1.6 5.4 .8 4.8 .4 3.3 4.7 7.1 2.4 4.3 -.6 -.3 2.2 5.1 2.9 5.7 1.4 3.5 2.4 3.1 .7 3.5 -1.9 1.0 3.7 3.5 -.2 2.7 -3.2 -1.0 1.2 1.4 .1 5.9 3.0 4.6 2.7 6.2 3.5 3.7 -.4 1.0 2.9 5.6 2.7 4.4 .2 1.5 2.9 5.3 2.3 3.9 -.8 1.0 3.2 4.7 1.4 4.0 -1.1 .8 2.4 3.3 .9 4.4 -.2 2.0 2.5 1.6 -.9 4.7 .1 2.1 3.2 6.8 3.4 3.3 -1.6 1.5 5.3 3.8 6.3 1.9 4.8 1.9 2.2 .3 3.8 -1.5 1.8 5.9 3.2 -2.5 -.4 -4.9 -4.5 7.3 2.3 7.2 4.8 1.7 -4.1 -4.0 1.7 .4 -1.3 6.4 3.4 4.6 2.6 -1.4 .3 2.2 6.0 3.7 3.8 -.5 1.5 2.2 5.5 3.2 3.2 -1.5 1.0 3.1 4.4 1.2 3.8 -1.4 .6 2.7 2.8 .0 4.5 -.1 1.7 2.2 .2 -2.0 4.8 .2 2.4 3.3 4.7 1.4 2.9 -2.4 -.4 .7 4.0 3.3 4.9 -1.1 4.2 .8 3.1 2.3 5.4 2.5 4.6 8.3 4.0 .8 5.8 .8 -1.0 3.2 4.8 1.6 4.6 .3 1.4 2.9 4.6 1.6 5.2 1.0 2.2 3.8 5.0 1.2 5.4 1.0 1.5 3.9 5.0 1.0 4.9 3.5 5.3 1.8 4.6 -.6 1.0 2.0 4.1 2.1 4.5 -.2 2.4 3.2 4.0 .7 4.9 .3 1.6 1.3 4.3 2.9 4.9 .0 3.9 3.6 4.6 -4.7 3.1 -.4 3.2 3.6 4.8 .5 5.2 5.3 4.9 13.3 5.9 -1.7 1.0 2.7 4.9 -.5 6.9 6.6 7.5 -31.7 2.8 .1 2.0 1.8 5.4 -.6 5.7 5.3 6.7 -9.7 4.3 3.0 4.3 1.2 5.4 2.5 3.8 2.3 7.7 -10.3 2.6 1.8 5.4 3.5 4.6 .4 2.6 2.8 2.2 -1.3 2.2 1.3 4.7 3.4 4.4 .1 3.1 3.1 3.3 7.9 3.5 -.1 3.2 3.4 4.9 .1 -.2 2.6 2.8 5.0 -.2 5.4 5.2 5.9 -9.7 4.0 .2 2.6 2.3 5.1 1988 Business sector Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour1 Unit labor costs Unit nonlabor payments Implicit price deflator 3.1 4.0 .9 5.8 Nonfarm business sector Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour1 Unit labor costs Unit nonlabor payments Implicit price deflator -1.2 3.4 Manufacturing Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour1 Unit labor costs 2.8 -1.6 -4.3 6.9 2.8 4.0 Durable goods Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour1 Unit labor costs .1 3.1 7.7 Nondurable goods Output per hour of all persons Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour1 Unit labor costs 6.9 7.7 -3.9 6.3 2.2 -1.8 .1 .9 Nonfinancial corporations Output per all-employee hour Output Hours Compensation per hour Real compensation per hour1 Total unit costs Unit labor costs Unit nonlabor costs Unit profits Implicit price deflator 1 Measures of real hourly compensation have been revised to reflect the most recent information on seasonal variation in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers. 110 2 0 O O O C2) (2) (*) 2 5.0 5.0 4.9 -5.8 4.0 .4 5.4 4.9 6.7 -11.0 3.9 Not available. = revised. SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261). r () O2 (2) () O STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas (Numbers in thousands) Unemployed Civilian labor force Alabama Birmingham Huntsville Mobile Montgomery Tuscaloosa Percent of labor force Number State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 1,883.0 435.0 131.0 209.0 137.4 70.5 1,902.7 443.7 133.6 2C9.4 138.7 73.0 Jan. 1990P 1,874.4 434.8 132.6 205.2 136.6 70.8 Jan. 1989 148.3 26.8 7.0 20.4 8.5 3.9 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P 123.8 23.3 6.2 14.9 7.7 3.5 125.6 22.4 6.9 14.7 8.4 3.2 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P 7.9 6.2 5.3 9.7 6.2 5.6 6.5 5.3 4.6 7.1 5.5 4.8 6.7 5.1 5.2 7.2 6.1 4.6 243.2 252.1 250.9 22.4 17.7 21.5 9.2 7.0 8.6 Arizona Phoenix Tucson 1,667.6 1,036.4 310.1 1,697.7 1,053.5 310.9 1,682.3 1,046.2 305.6 88.2 46.0 13.7 68.1 35.5 10.3 73.8 38.8 11.3 5.3 4.4 4.4 4.0 3.4 3.3 4.4 3.7 3.7 Arkansas Fayetteville-Springdale Fort Smith Little Rock-North Little Rock Pine Bluff 1,113.6 61.2 93.2 266.4 37.4 1,136.1 64.4 94.3 273.9 37.2 1,136.3 63.7 (2) 274.9 37.0 93.4 2.8 8.1 17.1 3.3 75.0 2.3 8.5 14.6 2.3 75.8 1.9 () 14.5 2.5 8.4 4.5 8.7 6.4 8.8 6.6 3.6 9.0 5.3 6.1 6.7 3.0 (2) 5.3 6.7 14,333.4 1,412.3 234.1 301.7 4,187.9 156.7 1,103.3 361.9 995.6 722.4 1,153.4 886.7 852.8 181.2 198.3 194.4 191.0 14,524.0 1,394.1 227.3 302.0 4,418.0 154.8 1,108.0 363.2 1,022.9 721.0 1,163.5 881.2 822.2 179.0 203.7 189.3 190.9 14,441.6 1,381.6 228.6 300.3 4,373.0 154.4 1,106.7 358.7 1,021.9 726.0 1,165.3 875.2 816.0 177.7 205.1 189.8 193.0 761.7 41.4 24.3 33.9 184.0 19.6 49.0 19.1 55.8 40.8 46.1 31.1 33.8 8.4 10.2 21.3 11.2 694.7 33.6 22.6 29.7 219.0 16.1 38.0 17.7 50.5 30.1 40.2 24.5 26.7 7.1 7.3 17.8 8.5 794.2 39.9 23.6 31.9 257.0 17.9 43.7 18.6 55.5 36.4 44.0 28.7 30.2 8.1 9.0 19.4 10.2 5.3 2.9 10.4 11.2 4.4 12.5 4.4 5.3 5.6 5.6 4.0 3.5 4.0 4.7 5.2 11.0 5.8 4.8 2.4 9.9 9.8 5.0 10.4 3.4 4.9 4.9 4.2 3.5 2.8 3.2 3.9 3.6 9.4 4.4 5.5 2.9 10.3 10.6 5.9 11.6 3.9 5.2 5.4 5.0 3.8 3.3 3.7 4.5 4.4 10.2 5.3 Colorado Boulder-Longmont Denver 1,673.0 131.5 860.5 1,732.3 138.5 891.7 1,705.2 135.6 876.4 116.1 7.0 53.9 96.4 6.1 45.7 92.2 5.4 43.4 6.9 5.3 6.3 5.6 4.4 5.1 5.4 4.0 5.0 Connecticut Bridgeport-Milford Hartford New Britain New Haven-Meriden Stamford Waterbury 1,707.4 224.1 418.0 72.1 267.5 111.4 99.3 1,757.1 228.8 426.9 73.5 275.6 114.3 102.6 1,746.2 227.0 427.6 73.1 273.3 112.7 103.6 62.0 10.4 13.9 2.9 9.2 2.4 4.7 70.7 11.2 15.7 3.6 10.7 3.0 5.5 84.1 13.8 17.9 4.3 12.4 3.5 7.2 3.6 4.6 3.3 4.1 3.5 2.2 4.7 4.0 4.9 3.7 4.9 3.9 2.6 5.3 4.8 6.1 4.2 5.9 4.5 3.1 6.9 356.1 (2) 363.3 (2) 364.8 (2) 14.7 (2) 9.3 17.1 (2) 4.1 (2) 2.6 (2) 4.7 (*) District of Columbia Washington 318.7 2,183.4 309.3 2,212.0 307.1 2,203.3 17.3 63.0 14.2 53.0 14.9 60.0 5.4 2.9 4.6 2.4 4.9 2.7 Florida1 Daytona Beach Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach Fort Myers-Cape Coral Jacksonville Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay Miami-Hialeah Orlando Pensacola Sarasota Tallahassee Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach 6,021.1 149.7 637.0 143.1 438.8 180.9 922.6 579.0 144.7 119.2 125.2 977.6 409.6 6,213.3 152.1 649.3 149.8 449.2 187.1 941.9 608.4 146.0 122.9 132.6 996.4 429.3 6,183.6 151.8 650.9 150.2 446.3 187.5 934.3 600.3 144.0 123.0 129.4 991.4 427.9 357.9 8.5 32.9 6.0 28.3 10.6 58.1 32.8 10.8 4.9 5.9 53.6 22.7 357.9 9.1 33.9 5.9 27.0 10.4 60.9 32.3 9.8 5.5 5.3 52.9 24.5 360.7 9.0 33.8 6.5 27.5 10.0 58.3 33.1 9.1 5.0 5.6 51.9 26.2 5.9 5.7 5.2 4.2 6.4 5.8 6.3 5.7 7.5 4.1 4.7 5.5 5.6 5.8 6.0 5.2 3.9 6.0 5.5 6.5 5.3 6.7 4.4 4.0 5.3 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.2 4.4 6.2 5.3 6.2 5.5 6.3 4.1 4.4 5.2 6.1 Alaska California1 Anaheim-Santa Ana Bakersfield Fresno Los Angeles-Long Beach1 Modesto Oakland Oxnard-Ventura Riverside-San Bernardino Sacramento San Diego San Francisco San Jose Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc Santa Rosa-Petaluma Stockton Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa Delaware Wilmington (2) 2 See footnotes at end of table. Ill STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued (Numbers in thousands) Unemployed Civilian labor force Percent of labor force Number State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 3,168.0 76.0 1,496.0 184.9 98.0 131.7 113.1 3,237.1 78.0 1,538.1 1C9.9 99.1 133.6 114.7 3,225.0 77.9 1,531.8 187.8 97.4 132.6 115.2 172.4 3.4 69.9 10.1 5.7 6.7 5.8 162.0 3.1 69.5 7.8 5.4 5.8 5.1 Hawaii Honolulu 516.3 378.7 528.9 389.8 524.1 385.7 14.9 9.6 Idaho Boise City 483.0 115.1 490.4 116.6 495.8 118.8 Illinois1 Aurora-Elgin Bloomington-Normal Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ... Chicago , Davenport-Rock Island-Moline Decatur joliet Kankakee Lake County Peoria Rockford Springfield 5,871.0 178.6 70.5 87.2 3,221.1 182.4 60.7 200.0 44.3 285.7 160.6 153.5 112.8 5,994.8 182.8 76.1 92.1 3,290.3 182.6 60.1 206.6 46.4 298.5 162.8 154.2 114.2 Indiana Anderson Bloomington Elkhart-Goshen Evansville Fort Wayne Gary-Hammond Indianapolis Lafayette-West Lafayette Muncie South Bend-Mishawaka Terre Haute 2,798.7 59.5 60.7 97.2 141.4 199.9 254.3 669.9 68.0 60.5 128.9 59.2 Iowa Cedar Rapids Des Moines Dubuque Sioux City Waterloo-Cedar Falls Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990«> 177.3 3.5 76.1 8.4 5.7 6.7 6.4 5.4 4.4 4.7 5.5 5.9 5.1 5.2 5.0 4.0 4.5 4.1 5.4 4.3 4.4 5.5 4.5 5.0 4.5 5.8 5.0 5.6 12.6 8.3 15.1 10.4 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.9 2.7 32.2 4.8 21.8 3.9 28.0 4.4 6.7 4.2 4.4 3.4 5.7 3.7 6,006.3 182.1 74.2 89.4 3,296.5 182.0 60.3 208.0 46.9 295.5 163.5 155.1 113.6 376.3 10.6 3.3 4.1 181.3 12.8 5.2 14.2 3.9 12.2 10.4 9.5 6.2 367.5 11.4 4.3 4.2 180.5 11.6 4.2 14.3 3.5 13.1 10.1 9.4 5.8 411.6 12.1 3.5 4.4 203.3 12.4 5.0 16.2 4.1 13.3 11.3 14.1 6.2 6.4 5.9 4.7 4.7 5.6 7.0 8.6 7.1 8.8 4.3 6.5 6.2 5.5 6.1 6.3 5.6 4.6 5.5 6.3 6.9 6.9 7.6 4.4 6.2 6.1 5.1 6.9 6.6 4.7 4.9 6.2 6.8 8.2 7.8 8.6 4.5 6.9 9.1 5.5 2,842.2 59.5 61.2 97.3 144.0 204.9 259.9 690.7 70.7 60.2 134.8 60.9 2,839.0 58.8 61.0 98.2 144.1 207.2 258.3 685.4 70.3 59.9 132.6 60.4 143.8 3.3 2.2 4.0 7.6 9.0 14.5 28.0 2.0 3.3 5.8 3.5 153.7 3.9 2.5 5.3 7.7 10.9 14.6 32.3 2.6 3.3 6.9 3.1 164.0 4.2 2.0 5.6 8.4 13.4 15.3 29.6 2.3 3.6 7.3 3.5 5.1 5.5 3.7 4.2 5.4 4.5 5.7 4.2 3.0 5.4 4.5 6.0 5.4 6.6 4.2 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.6 4.7 3.6 5.5 5.1 5.1 5.8 7.1 3.3 5.7 5.8 6.5 5.9 4.3 3.3 6.1 5.5 5.7 1,507.1 98.8 237.1 45.6 60.7 72.2 1,494.8 98.4 238.1 44.8 60.7 73.0 1,491.7 98.2 237.6 45.1 60.9 71.8 73.1 3.7 8.8 3.2 2.8 4.0 60.2 3.3 7.5 2.4 2.0 3.3 73.9 4.0 9.0 2.9 2.4 3.8 4.8 3.8 3.7 7.1 4.6 5.5 4.0 3.3 3.1 5.3 3.3 4.5 5.0 4.1 3.8 6.4 4.0 5.3 Kansas Topeka Wichita 1,257.7 91.2 249.4 1,270.5 90.9 250.8 1,279.0 93.7 251.5 60.5 4.4 11.7 46.5 3.1 8.8 56.4 4.2 10.8 4.8 4.8 4.7 3.7 3.4 3.5 4.4 4.5 4.3 Kentucky Lexington-Fayette Louisville 1,701.0 191.8 507.7 44.7 1,738.5 201.4 518.6 45.4 1,751.3 198.1 520.8 44.9 132.3 8.8 30.5 3.5 92.6 8.5 25.4 2.5 117.2 7.1 34.1 2.5 7.8 4.6 6.0 7.7 5.3 4.2 4.9 5.6 6.7 3.6 6.6 5.6 1,854.1 58.7 261.2 67.7 96.7 66.5 578.9 156.3 1,879.1 58.4 269.5 69.4 98.3 68.1 589.3 155.2 1,836.4 56.8 262.0 65.8 95.7 65.2 576.1 155.1 185.6 5.6 22.6 6.8 8.5 6.2 47.3 15.1 120.8 3.8 14.6 4.0 5.1 4.2 33.4 10.6 132.8 4.0 14.9 4.5 5.7 4.2 35.0 15.2 10.0 9.6 8.7 10.1 8.8 9.3 8.2 9.6 6.4 6.5 5.4 5.8 5.2 6.2 5.7 6.8 7.2 7.1 5.7 6.9 5.9 6.5 6.1 9.8 593.8 41.7 124.9 621.0 43.4 133.0 614.7 42.7 132.0 25.4 2.2 2.8 27.8 2.4 3.6 31.2 2.5 4.1 4.3 5.2 2.2 4.5 5.6 2.7 5.1 5.9 3.1 Georgia Athens Atlanta Augusta Columbus Macon-Warner Robins Savannah Owensboro Louisiana Alexandria Baton Rouge Houma-Thibodaux Lafayette Monroe New Orleans Shreveport Maine Lewiston-Aubum Portland See footnotes at end of table. 112 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990* STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued (Numbers in thousands) Unemployed Civilian labor force Percent of labor force Number State and area Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990? 103.4 54.0 4.2 4.5 3.2 3.3 4.1 4.5 130.7 53.8 5.0 5.4 2.6 10.3 7.3 5.6 1.8 10.2 9.2 154.7 62.7 5.8 7.1 3.0 11.2 8.0 7.2 2.2 11.9 11.1 3.8 3.1 4.3 6.7 4.9 4.3 3.9 6.3 5.5 3.8 3.6 4.2 3.5 4.9 6.9 5.5 5.5 4.9 6.5 4.5 4.0 4.2 5.0 4.1 5.8 9.0 6.5 5.9 5.4 8.4 5.4 4.8 5.0 355.1 6.0 5.1 6.3 161.9 23.6 19.9 5.1 5.9 14.1 6.5 14.2 332.9 7.2 5.3 6.0 154.0 16.0 22.2 4.7 6.2 14.1 6.2 13.3 432.7 10.1 6.0 7.3 189.8 33.7 25.2 5.6 6.2 24.2 6.1 25.0 7.8 3.7 8.0 8.0 7.5 12.8 5.5 7.8 5.0 5.9 9.6 7.8 7.2 4.3 8.0 7.6 6.9 8.7 5.9 7.1 5.1 5.7 9.0 7.1 9.4 6.2 9.2 9.3 8.7 18.0 6.8 8.5 5.3 9.9 9.0 13.4 2,356.3 110.9 1,402.1 63.6 105.4 116.6 7.5 53.9 1.9 6.0 85.9 4.6 42.3 1.6 5.2 102.3 6.3 48.8 1.7 5.6 5.0 6.8 3.9 3.1 6.0 3.6 4.2 3.0 2.5 5.2 4.3 5.7 3.5 2.7 5.3 1,178.6 206.4 1,174.2 203.5 104.0 11.6 80.7 9.1 92.3 10.7 9.1 5.9 6.9 4.4 7.9 5.3 2,573.3 835.3 1,259.1 124.1 2,582.3 849.3 1,262.1 128.1 2,565.1 846.6 1,248.3 125.0 162.8 46.8 77.3 6.1 144.9 42.0 68.8 6.1 178.2 50.3 83.0 6.4 6.3 5.6 6.1 4.9 5.6 4.9 5.5 4.8 6.9 5.9 6.7 5.2 Montana 397.1 402.3 403.5 29.3 21.2 24.8 7.4 5.3 6.1 Nebraska Lincoln Omaha 802.1 123.2 331.3 814.3 128.0 335.7 823.1 128.8 340.5 28.6 2.9 12.3 21.5 2.5 9.4 25.5 2.8 11.2 3.6 2.4 3.7 2.6 2.0 2.8 3.1 2.1 3.3 Nevada Las Vegas Reno 587.0 347.5 136.6 613.6 371.1 137.6 607.5 367.1 134.9 32.9 18.6 7.7 26.9 15.6 6.2 30.6 16.5 7.6 5.6 5.3 5.6 4.4 4.2 4.5 5.0 4.5 5.6 New Hampshire Manchester Nashua Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.... 596.1 85.6 98.8 129.4 623.3 87.3 99.0 135.5 624.8 88.8 100.6 132.1 15.5 1.9 2.6 2.7 25.3 3.4 3.9 4.8 27.8 3.8 4.2 5.1 2.6 2.3 2.6 2.1 4.1 3.8 3.9 3.5 4.5 4.2 4.2 3.8 New Jersey1 Atlantic City Bergen-Passaic Jersey City Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon Monmouth-Ocean Newark Trenton Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton 3,996.8 (2) 3,997.6 (2) <*) (*) (*) 3,980.1 4.5 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 3.5 ft ft ft ft (22) (2) (2) (2) () 5.2 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 6.7 4.9 6.0 4.6 5.5 4.2 5.4 3.3 5.8 4.3 5.9 4.5 Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P Maryland Baltimore 2,484.6 1,192.1 2,524.2 1,205.0 2,508.7 1,197.2 105.5 54.0 80.6 40.3 Massachusetts1 Boston Brockton Fall River Fitchburg-Leominster Lawrence-Haverhill Lowell New Bedford Pittsfield Springfield Worcester 3,152.7 1,560.6 100.2 78.0 48.2 187.4 154.1 87.9 40.2 255.2 220.5 3.1C3.9 1,548.1 100.4 79.1 46.9 186.6 150.5 86.5 40.0 254.3 221.0 3,121.9 1,543.1 100.0 78.8 46.5 188.7 148.0 86.0 40.1 249.5 219.3 119.6 48.4 4.3 5.2 2.4 8.1 6.0 5.6 2.2 9.7 7.8 Michigan1 Ann Arbor Battle Creek Benton Harbor Detroit Flint Grand Rapids Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing-East Lansing Muskegon Saginaw-Bay City-Midland 4,530.5 160.4 64.3 78.3 2,165.9 184.1 362.3 64.7 118.1 239.3 67.6 182.6 4,646.6 164.8 66.8 78.7 2,218.6 183.4 379.4 66.6 121.5 245.9 68.5 187.7 4,590.8 162.0 65.7 78.6 2,182.1 187.6 371.5 65.8 117.9 245.2 67.8 187.5 Minnesota Duluth Minneapolis-StPaul Rochester St. Cloud 2,318.9 108.9 1,378.8 61.7 99.6 2,356.9 109.4 1,412.9 63.3 98.9 Mississippi Jackson 1,143.3 195.4 Missouri Kansas City St. Louis LMA Springfield New Mexico Albuquerque Las Cruces Santa Fe C2) (*) (*) i2) (*) (22) () i2) (2) (*) (*) (22) (2) (2) () 673.0 258.3 53.7 64.6 702.3 265.7 59.6 67.3 689.6 259.3 57.4 66.9 (*) (*) (*) Jan. 1969 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990* 180.9 138.2 207.3 ft (2) (*) (*) ft2 (2) () ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft2 (2) (2) (2) () ft ft ft 45.2 12.8 3.2 2.9 38.8 11.2 3.2 2.3 39.9 11.1 3.4 3.0 See footnotes at end of table. 113 STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued (Numbers in thousands) Unemployed Civilian labor force Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P New York1 Albany-Schenectady-Troy Binghamton Buffalo Elmira Nassau-Suffolk New York New York City1 Orange County Poughkeepsie Rochester Syracuse Utica-Rome 8,654.0 439.2 127.6 465.2 44.0 1,441.3 3,947.1 3,262.8 138.3 131.2 514.9 324.0 139.4 8,786.8 434.6 125.7 4C3.8 43.6 1,425.2 4,122.7 3,441.0 136.4 128.5 504.4 322.4 137.0 8,741.1 437.6 125.5 460.1 44.5 1,418.3 4,090.5 3,414.0 136.2 128.3 505.6 321.5 137.0 484.7 23.0 6.9 32.5 2.3 61.4 212.0 185.8 7.6 5.4 25.8 19.7 10.4 482.1 17.9 5.8 24.5 2.3 53.4 262.3 240.0 6.5 3.7 21.3 15.3 7.3 North Carolina1 Asheville Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point Raleigh-Durham 3,344.2 88.2 636.2 523.9 405.4 3,368.1 92.5 648.0 514.6 423.0 3,331.8 91.3 639.5 510.1 411.3 149.8 3.6 23.5 20.1 11.8 324.2 46.7 87.2 35.9 322.6 46.8 87.9 36.5 318.1 46.1 87.0 35.9 Ohio1 Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton-Springfield Toledo Youngstown-Warren 5,359.2 325.4 193.0 764.7 939.5 720.4 475.1 316.4 223.4 5,421.4 335.3 193.9 790.7 954.9 736.1 480.8 320.3 224.0 Oklahoma Enid Lawton Oklahoma City Tulsa 1,503.7 28.1 47.3 494.3 331.7 Oregon Eugene-Springfield Portland Salem Pennsylvania1 Allentown-Bethlehem Altoona Beaver County Erie Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle Johnstown Lancaster Philadelphia Pittsburgh Reading Scranton-Wilkes-Barre Williamsport York North Dakota Bismarck Fargo-Moorhead Grand Forks Rhode Island Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro Providence South Carolina Charleston Columbia Greenville-Spartanburg South Dakota Rapid City Sioux Falls See footnotes at end of table. 114 Percent of labor force Number State and area Jan. 1989 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990* 478.2 17.5 5.7 25.3 2.2 49.2 260.6 240.0 6.4 3.6 20.7 14.8 7.5 5.6 5.2 5.4 7.0 5.2 4.3 5.4 5.7 5.5 4.1 5.0 6.1 7.4 5.5 4.1 4.6 5.3 5.2 3.7 6.4 7.0 4.7 2.9 4.2 4.8 5.3 5.5 4.0 4.5 5.5 4.9 3.5 6.4 7.0 4.7 2.8 4.1 4.6 5.5 101.3 2.2 17.2 13.7 8.2 152.5 3.7 23.8 20.7 10.9 4.5 4.1 3.7 3.8 2.9 3.0 2.4 2.7 2.7 1.9 4.6 4.0 3.7 4.1 2.7 17.6 2.5 3.1 1.5 13.3 2.1 2.3 1.1 15.7 2.3 2.8 1.5 5.4 5.3 3.6 4.0 4.1 4.5 2.6 3.1 4.9 5.0 3.2 4.1 5,391.3 331.5 193.8 778.2 944.3 726.7 477.6 316.8 222.2 365.0 22.9 13.7 39.6 55.8 41.2 27.2 22.0 18.5 327.5 19.5 12.7 37.3 50.9 39.9 27.3 20.6 15.5 411.9 23.6 15.1 39.4 57.0 42.9 32.2 32.7 25.3 6.8 7.0 7.1 5.2 5.9 5.7 5.7 7.0 8.3 6.0 5.8 6.5 4.7 5.3 5.4 5.7 6.4 6.9 7.6 7.1 7.8 5.1 6.0 5.9 6.7 10.3 11.4 1,518.9 27.6 48.1 500.2 340.1 1,497.2 97.7 1.7 2.5 25.6 22.3 78.8 1.1 2.0 22.3 17.9 100.2 CO C2) (*2> () 6.5 5.9 5.3 5.2 6.7 5.2 4.1 4.3 4.5 5.3 6.7 (*) 1,461.1 146.7 673.9 134.5 1,459.4 147.3 671.7 135.4 1,459.9 147.8 671.1 132.5 99.2 9.3 32.9 9.5 76.8 7.9 26.8 8.2 85.7 8.4 27.6 8.9 6.8 6.3 4.9 7.1 5.3 5.4 4.0 6.1 5.9 5.7 4.1 6.7 5,856.3 (2) 60.3 59.9 132.5 328.4 96.5 219.2 2 () 977.8 177.5 362.5 60.1 224.6 5,855.2 (2) 59.7 59.1 132.0 328.2 95.2 221.5 2 () 982.0 177.5 364.3 60.4 222.9 5,860.3 287.9 347.6 5.0 60.4 59.2 133.3 332.3 96.6 220.6 2 () 984.9 177.8 367.2 60.7 223.7 294.2 (2) 4.5 5.3 7.4 12.4 7.4 7.8 2 () 53.3 7.7 22.4 3.9 10.4 4.2 4.3 7.3 12.7 7.5 8.6 2 () 46.5 6.9 23.4 4.1 10.2 5.3 5.4 9.0 15.7 8.7 9.6 7.4 8.8 5.6 3.8 7.6 3.6 57.5 9.5 28.4 4.9 11.5 5.4 4.3 6.2 6.5 4.6 4.9 (*) 7.0 7.2 5.5 3.9 7.9 3.9 (*) 4.7 3.9 6.4 6.7 4.6 5.9 <*) 8.8 9.2 6.8 4.7 9.0 4.4 (*) 5.6 5.3 7.7 8,1 5.1 513.3 162.9 337.9 528.1 165.7 348.1 523.3 167.6 344.2 16.4 6.5 10.0 26.3 9.2 16.4 33.3 11.3 21.0 3.2 4.0 3.0 5.0 5.5 4.7 6.4 6.8 6.1 1,657.2 223.5 233.8 332.2 1,700.4 228.1 235.7 342.1 1,685.9 226.6 233.8 336.7 75.5 8.7 7.5 10.8 73.1 7.2 7.2 11.0 80.5 8.0 8.2 12.4 4.6 3.9 3.2 3.3 4.3 3.2 3.0 3.2 4.8 3.5 3.5 3.7 349.7 38.3 74.6 354.3 39.8 74.1 349.5 39.3 73.0 17.5 2.0 3.4 13.2 1.8 2.6 15.1 1.8 2.5 5.0 5.2 4.6 3.7 4.5 3.5 4.3 4.6 3.4 t2) Dec. 1989 (*) (2) C2) ft (*) <*) STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued (Numbers in thousands) Unemployed Civilian labor force Jan. 1989 Dec. Jan. 1990P Tennessee Chattanooga Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol Knoxville Memphis Nashville 2,315.9 208.2 214.3 280.7 450.4 521.1 2,380.9 208.9 221.9 2C3.8 467.8 530.5 2,368.0 208.5 217.4 285.9 460.5 526.9 136.1 11.2 11.4 19.1 24.0 21.3 110.8 9.2 9.0 14.5 19.3 18.2 Texas1 Abilene Amarillo Austin Beaumont-Port Arthur Brazoria Brownsville-Harlingen Bryan-College Station Corpus Christi Dallas El Paso Fort Worth-Arlington Galveston-Texas City Houston Killeen-Temple Laredo Longview-Marshall Lubbock McAllen-Edinburg-Mission Midland Odessa San Angelo San Antonio Sherman-Denison Texarkana Tyler Victoria 8,302.0 53.0 8,391.8 52.4 8,320.6 96.3 96.3 429.7 94.5 425.7 161.2 85.0 104.3 631.8 3.7 6.5 25.8 17.9 6.7 12.8 3.3 Waco Wichita Falls Percent of labor force Number State and area 428.6 162.9 83.4 100.4 58.8 156.4 1,428.9 243.9 709.7 106.8 1,633.8 94.5 51.6 79.2 112.4 162.0 49.3 52.6 45.3 611.0 47.4 58.0 74.6 35.6 91.6 56.3 162.5 85.0 104.9 62.0 156.7 1,442.3 250.7 722.2 106.5 1,685.4 96.9 54.1 80.1 52.1 58.6 156.1 1,430.1 248.2 712.7 106.1 1,680.1 97.4 54.5 79.3 115.3 164.6 113.8 163.2 49.4 51.2 44.8 49.2 50.9 44.0 609.2 47.1 601.2 46.6 58.1 74.6 36.0 58.7 75.1 35.9 93.6 56.3 92.7 56.0 Dec. 1989 14.2 85.3 26.8 43.3 9.2 107.7 8.2 7.7 7.7 6.2 30.8 3.2 4.7 3.0 48.9 3.4 Jan. 1990P Jan. 1989 Dec. 1989 Jan. 1990P 127.1 10.0 10.2 16.2 20.1 20.1 5.9 5.4 5.3 6.8 5.3 4.1 4.7 4.4 4.0 5.0 4.1 3.4 5.4 4.8 4.7 5.7 4.4 3.8 490.2 2.8 4.5 18.9 12.1 5.0 10.9 2.2 11.0 66.8 23.8 35.0 7.2 81.6 6.4 6.1 5.6 5.0 27.6 2.6 3.2 2.4 480.6 2.8 4.3 18.1 11.3 4.8 10.8 2.0 10.1 65.2 24.1 33.6 6.7 79.8 6.1 6.2 5.3 7.6 7.0 6.8 6.0 5.8 5.4 4.6 4.3 7.0 5.7 10.4 3.5 6.4 4.6 9.7 4.7 6.3 4.7 6.3 11.3 6.6 4.3 39.1 2.6 3.4 4.2 1.7 11.0 8.0 12.8 5.6 9.1 6.0 11.0 6.1 8.6 6.6 8.6 14.9 9.7 5.5 19.0 6.5 8.9 6.7 8.0 7.1 8.4 7.7 7.0 6.5 6.7 5.8 5.3 4.6 4.4 7.5 5.9 10.4 3.6 7.0 4.6 9.5 4.8 6.8 4.8 6.6 11.2 6.9 4.3 16.8 5.2 6.2 5.4 6.4 5.5 5.8 5.7 4.8 5.2 5.4 19.5 5.4 6.3 5.3 6.1 5.0 5.7 5.4 5.6 5.1 5.3 4.9 31.8 2.7 3.2 2.3 3.8 4.8 3.0 36.6 2.4 3.3 4.0 2.0 4.8 3.0 4.9 5.7 2.5 6.0 Utah Provo-Orem Salt Lake City-Odgen 758.5 105.2 498.0 809.8 117.2 525.7 791.8 117.3 505.5 36.0 4.4 22.0 31.1 5.4 18.2 34.5 4.1 20.7 4.7 4.2 4.4 3.8 4.6 3.5 4.4 3.5 4.1 Vermont Burlington 303.3 75.8 307.2 79.0 307.3 76.7 10.3 1.7 12.1 2.4 13.4 2.3 3.4 2.3 3.9 3.1 4.4 3.0 Virginia Charlottesville Danville Lynchburg Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News Richmond-Petersburg Roanoke 3,082.0 66.6 52.0 73.2 602.6 445.2 3,140.6 74.8 53.5 3,129.6 129.8 2.5 4.6 3.3 34.1 3.8 143.7 2.1 4.5 3.8 34.9 16.1 4.2 4.4 3.2 6.9 5.3 5.0 3.7 4.4 4.1 3.3 8.6 4.6 5.5 3.7 3.1 4.6 2.9 8.5 5.2 5.7 3.6 3.6 Washington Seattle West Virginia Charleston Huntington-Ashland Parkersburg-Marietta Wheeling Wisconsin Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah Eau Claire Green Bay Janesville-Beloit Kenosha La Crosse Madison Milwaukee Racine Wausau Wyoming 121.8 72.9 623.7 454.3 119.5 612.4 447.5 119.2 135.7 2.1 3.6 3.9 30.4 16.7 5.4 2,369.0 1,071.3 2,516.2 1,144.8 2,491.7 1,132.7 165.3 53.8 152.5 48.7 160.4 49.0 7.0 5.0 6.1 4.3 6.4 4.3 747.1 115.9 129.1 71.7 71.5 767.5 117.0 130.8 72.4 72.4 757.3 117.0 131.7 71.9 72.3 67.2 8.9 10.5 5.6 5.9 64.7 7.1 7.3 4.6 4.5 68.6 8.1 10.6 5.4 5.8 9.0 7.7 8.2 7.8 8.3 8.4 6.1 5.6 6.4 6.3 9.1 6.9 8.0 7.5 8.0 2,568.4 2,556.8 169.8 73.1 769.1 91.3 63.7 2,593.2 173.2 75.2 110.9 73.4 53.2 54.4 225.1 775.4 92.0 66.0 65.2 123.6 8.0 3.7 5.0 3.2 3.6 2.4 6.6 29.1 4.2 3.4 109.3 7.2 3.1 4.1 3.1 3.4 2.0 6.3 29.1 4.1 2.7 147.5 9.1 4.4 5.4 8.4 5.1 2.7 7.1 33.6 5.4 3.8 4.8 4.6 5.0 4.7 4.3 6.5 4.4 3.0 3.8 4.6 5.3 4.2 4.1 4.2 3.7 4.2 6.4 3.6 2.8 3.8 4.4 4.1 5.8 5.4 6.0 4.9 11.4 9.6 5.1 3.3 4.4 6.0 5.8 234.7 240.5 239.8 17.8 14.0 16.0 7.6 5.8 6.7 172.0 73.6 107.5 74.0 54.7 54.7 220.8 1 Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data. 2 Not available. p = preliminary. NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1989 have been benchmarked to 1989 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the 72.8 53.4 73.1 109.9 73.4 53.1 53.5 218.0 761.9 91.1 17.0 11 States and 2 areas designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1990 are provisional and will be revised when new benchmark information becomes available. Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication. Data for the Memphis, Tennessee metropolitan area now include Desoto County, Mississippi. 115 Explanatory Notes Introduction The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2) reports from employers. Data based on household interviews are obtained from a sample survey of the population 16 years of age and over. The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the employed, and the unemployed, including such characteristics as age, sex, race, family relationship, marital status, occupation, and industry attachment. The survey also provides data on the characteristics and past work experience of those not in the labor force. The information is collected by trained interviewers from a sample of about 60,000 households, representing 729 areas in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia. The data collected are based on the activity or status reported for the calendar week including the 12th of the month. Data based on establishment records are compiled each month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based on payroll reports from a sample of over 300,000 establishments employing over 38 million nonagricultural wage and salary workers. The data relate to all workers, full or part time, who receive pay during the payroll period which includes the 12th day of the month. RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND ESTABLISHMENT SERIES The household and establishment data supplement one another, each providing significant types of information that the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily obtained only from the household survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from establishment reports. Data from these two sources differ from each other because of differences in definitions and coverage, sources of information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which have a differential effect on the levels and trends of the two series are as follows. Employment Coverage. The household survey definition of employment comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics and other private household workers), self-employed persons, unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more during the survey week in family-operated enterprises, and members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. Civilian employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural establishments. Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without duplication, since each person is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons holding more than one job are counted only once and are classified according to the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the figures based on establishment reports, persons who worked in more than one establishment during the reporting period are counted each time their names appear on payrolls. Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were not at work during the survey week—that is, were not working but had jobs from which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or because they were taking time off for various other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers for the time off. In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the company are included, but not those on leave without pay for the entire payroll period. For a comprehensive discussion of the differences between household and establishment survey employment data, see Gloria P. Green's article, "Comparing Employment Estimates From Household and Payroll Surveys," Monthly Labor Review, December 1969. Hours of work The household survey measures hours actually worked whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for by 117 employers. In the household survey data, all persons with a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average hours. In the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during the reporting period. Earnings The household survey measures median earnings of wage and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both the private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's sole or primary job. Data from the establishment survey generally refer to average earnings of production and related workers in mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries. For a comprehensive discussion of the household survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the Quarterly Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113. COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA WITH OTHER SERIES Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from the household survey includes all persons who did not have a job at all during the survey week and were looking for work or were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off, whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the Employment and Training Administration of the Department of Labor, exclude persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems (some workers in agriculture, domestic services, and religious organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family workers). Beginning in January 1978, coverage was extended to include domestic workers whose employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in any calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose employers engaged 10 or more workers in 20 weeks or paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any calendar quarter, and almost all State and local government employees. In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of unemployment used in the household survey. For example, persons with a job but not at work and persons working only a few hours during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment compensation but are classified as employed rather than 118 unemployed in the household survey. For an examination of the similarities and differences between State insured unemployment and total unemployment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual jobholders, who are counted more than once if they work on more than one farm during the reporting period. There are also wide differences in sampling techniques and collecting and estimating methods, which cannot be readily measured in terms of their impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two series. COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT DATA WITH OTHER SERIES Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from employment counts derived by the Bureau of Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons for noncomparability are different treatment of business units considered parts of an establishment, such as central administrative offices and auxiliary units, the industrial classification of establishments, and different reporting patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and financial establishments, whereas these are included in the BLS statistics. County Business Patterns. Data in County Business Patterns (CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and government, and coverage is incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities. Employment covered by State unemployment insurance programs. Most nonagricultural wage and salary workers are covered by the unemployment insurance programs. However, certain activities, such as interstate railroads, parochial schools, and churches are not covered by unemployment insurance whereas these are included in the BLS establishment statistics. Household Data (A tables) COLLECTION AND COVERAGE Statistics on the employment status of the population, the personal, occupational, and other characteristics of the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the labor force, and related data are compiled for the BLS by the Bureau of the Census in its Current Population Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived from the Current Population Survey, BLS Report 463. Historical national data are published in Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current Population Survey, BLS Bulletin 2307. These monthly surveys of the population are conducted through a scientifically selected sample designed to represent the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents are interviewed to obtain information about the employment status of each member of the household 16 years of age and over. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which includes the 12th of the month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field interviewing is conducted in the following week. Inmates of institutions and persons under 16 years of age are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations, and are excluded from the population and labor force statistics shown in this publication. Data on the members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States, who are included as part of the categories "noninstitutional population," "labor force," and "total employment," are obtained from the Department of Defense. Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for. interview. About 2,600 of these households are visited but interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey of between 4 and 5 percent. In addition to the 60,000 occupied units, there are 11,500 sample units in an average month which are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month. The rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample to be common from one month to the next, and one-half to be common with the same month a year earlier. CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the inception of the survey in 1940; those used since 1967 are as follows: Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in their own business, profession, or on their own farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise operated by a member of the family; and (b) all those who were not working but who had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons, whether they were paid for the time off or were seeking other jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total. Each employed person is counted only once. Those who held more than one job are counted in the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries who are temporarily in the United States but not living on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons whose only activity consisted of work around the house (painting, repairing, or own home housework) or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and similar organizations. Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no employment during the survey week, were available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find employment some time during the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off or were waiting to report to a new job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be classified as unemployed. Duration of unemployment represents the length of time (through the current survey week) during which persons classified as unemployed had been continuously looking for; work. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number of full weeks since the termination of their most recent employment. A period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was employed or ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the present period of seeking work. Measurements of mean and median duration are computed from a distribution of single weeks of unemployment. Unemployment is also categorized according to the status of individuals at the time they began to look for work. The reasons for unemployment are divided into four major groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking for work, and persons on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and immediately began looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who never worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer. Each of these four categories of the unemployed may be expressed as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian workers. Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made specific 119 efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week period preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include those persons unemployed because they (a) were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off or (b) were waiting to report to a new job within 30 days. Jobseekers are grouped by the methods used to seek work, including going to a public or private employment agency or to an employer directly, seeking assistance from friends or relatives, placing or answering ads, or utilizing some other method. Examples of the "other" category include being on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup point. The civilian labor force comprises all civilians classified as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria described above. The labor force also includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. The overall unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. The unemployment rate for all civilian workers represents the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force. This measure can also be computed for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, etc. Participation rates represent the proportion of the population that is in the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian labor force participation rate is the ratio of the civilian labor force to the civilian noninstitutional population. Civilian labor force participation rates are usually published for sex-age groups, often cross-classified by other demographic characteristics such as race and educational attainment. Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of the noninstitutional population that is employed. The total employment-population ratio is total employment, including the resident Armed Forces, as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The civilian employment-population ratio is the percentage of all employed civilians in the civilian noninstitutional population. Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are further classified as engaged in own home housework, in school, unable to work because of long-term physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The "other" group includes individuals reported as too old or temporarily unable to work, the voluntarily idle, seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an off season and who were not reported as looking for work, and persons who did not look for work because they believed that no jobs were available in the area or that no jobs were available for which they could qualify— discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid family work (less than 15 hours in the specified week) are also classified as not in labor force. For persons not in the labor force, data on previous work experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a job at the 120 time of interview, and reasons for not looking for work are published on a quarterly basis. As of January 1970, the detailed questions for persons not in the labor force are asked only in those households that are in the fourth and eighth months of the sample, i.e., the "outgoing" groups, those which had been in the sample for 3 previous months and would not be in for the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969, these questions were asked in those households entering the sample for the first time and those returning for the second 4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming" groups. Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. The unemployed are classified according to their last full-time job lasting 2 weeks or more. The classifications of occupations and industries used in data derived from the CPS are defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed categories included in these groups is available upon request. The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and salary workers subdivided into private and government workers; self-employed workers; and unpaid family workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages, salary, commission, tips, or pay in kind from a private employer or from a government unit. Self-employed persons are those who work for profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons working without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a business operated by a member of the household to whom they are related by birth or marriage. Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours worked during the survey week. For example, persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours even though they were paid for the holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the figures relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs during the week; all the hours are credited to the major job. Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey week are designated as working full time. Persons who worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working part time. Part-time workers are classified by their usual status at their present job (either full or part time) and by their reason for working part time during the survey week (economic or noneconomic reasons). Economic reasons include: Slack work, material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start or termination of a job during the week, and inability to find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons include: Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation, demands of home or school, no desire for full-time work, and full-time worker only during peak season. Persons on full-time schedules include, in addition to those working 35 hours or more, those who worked from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic reasons and usually work full time. Data on employment "at work" differ from data on total employment because they exclude persons in the zero-hours- worked category, "with a job but not at work." These are persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week for such reasons as bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor dispute. Employed persons are also categorized into full- and parttime groupings based primarily on their usual status. In this context, full-time workers are those who (a) worked 35 hours or more during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic or noneconomic reasons, but usually work full time, and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who (a) voluntarily worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually work part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time work; and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually work part time. Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers are calculated using the concepts of the full- and part-time labor force which are based on the type of job—full or part-time— that persons—whether working or unemployed—report that they want. The "full-time labor force" includes all persons working part time but who desire full-time work, that is, working part time for economic reasons. Thus, this category consists of persons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily working part time regardless of their usual status; and unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The "parttime labor force" consists of persons working part time voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time work. Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according to whether they usually work on full-time or voluntary part-time schedules. Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours lost to the economy through unemployment and involuntary parttime employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is computed by assuming that: (1) unemployed persons looking for full-time work lost an average of 37.5 hours, (2) those looking for part-time work lost the average number of hours actually worked by voluntary part-time workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on part time for economic reasons lost the difference between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they worked. White, black, and other are terms used to describe the race of workers. Included in the "other" group are American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders. All tables in this publication which contain racial data, with the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data for the black population group. Because of their relatively small sample size, data for "other" races are not published. In the enumeration process, race is determined by the household respondent. Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican living on the mainland, Cuban, Central or South American, or of other Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race; thus they are included in both the white and black population groups. Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the Armed Forces of the United States between August 5, 1964, and May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are men who never served in the Armed Forces. Usual weekly earnings data are provided from responses to the question ' 'How much does.. .USUALLY earn per week at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime pay, commissions, or tips usually received. The term "usual" is as perceived by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. Data refer to wage and salary workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who usually work full time on their sole or primary job. Median earnings indicate the value which divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part having values above the median and the other having values below the median. The medians as shown in this publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the $50 centered interval within which each median falls. Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U). Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other marital status are terms used to define the marital status of individuals at the time of interview. Married, spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were reported as members of the same household even though one may be temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a hospital, etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse absent, includes persons who are separated because of marital discord, as well as persons who are living apart because either the husband or the wife was employed and living away from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or had a different place of residence for any reason. A household consists of all persons—related family members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a housing unit. A house, an apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as separate living quarters. A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The term is never applied to either husbands or wives in married-couple families but relates only to persons in families maintained by either men or women without a spouse. Family refers to a group of two or more persons residing together who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption; all such persons are considered as members of one family even though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married couple or a parent-child group related by birth or marriage to the householder and sharing the living quarters. The 121 count of families used in this publication excludes unrelated subfamilies such as lodgers, guests, or resident employees living in a household but not related to the householder. Families are classified either as married-couple families or as families maintained by women or men without spouses. A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in which the householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married, spouse absent. Data on the earnings of families exclude all those in which there is no wage or salary earner or in which the husband, wife, or other persons maintaining the family is either self-employed or in the Armed Forces. Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in tracted areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD's) in untracted areas, in which 20 percent or more of the noninstitutional residents were poor according to the 1980 decennial census. Persons were classified as poor or nonpoor by comparing money income to a series of poverty income thresholds which vary by family size and number of children. While poverty areas have a substantial concentration of low-income residents, many poor persons live outside these areas, and conversely, the areas include many people who are not poor. The metropolitan areas classification consists of the total of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA's) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as of June 30, 1983. These definitions differ from those used in the 1980 decennial census. A detailed discussion of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology can be found in "The New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980 Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan Statistical Areas, PC-S1-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist of the total territory outside MSA's. The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census, comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in places of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized areas. More specifically, the urban population consists of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New York), and towns (except in the New England States, New York, and Wisconsin), but excluding those persons living in the rural portions of extended cities; and (2) other territories, incorporated and unincorporated, included in urbanized areas. The population not classified as urban constitutes the rural population. HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY Change in lower age limit The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor force, employment, and unemployment was raised from 14 to 16 years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical series have been revised to provide consistent information based on the population 16 years and over. For a detailed discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced at that time, including estimates of their effect on the various series, see "New Definitions for Employment and Unemployment," Employment and Earnings and Monthly 122 Report on the Labor Force, February 1967. Noncomparability of labor force levels In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there are several other periods of noncomparability in the labor force data: (l)Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total employment, and agricultural employment were increased by about 350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and men; other categories were relatively unaffected. (2) Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and about 300,000 in the labor force. Four-fifths of this increase was in nonagricultural employment; other labor force categories were not appreciably affected. (3) Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the 1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually unchanged. (4) Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by about 800,000; labor force and employment totals were raised by a little more than 300,000; and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent population adjustment based on the 1970 census was introduced in March 1973. This adjustment, which affected the white and black-and-other groups but had little effect on totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white population and an increase of the same magnitude in the black-and-other population. Civilian labor force and total employment figures were affected to a lesser degree; the white labor force was reduced by 150,000, and the black-and-other labor force rose by about 210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not significantly affected. In addition, beginning in January 1974, the methodology used to prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to an inflation-deflation approach. This change in the derivation of the estimates had its greatest impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year-old men— particularly those of the black-and-other population*-—but had little effect on estimates of the total population 16 years and over. Additional information on the adjustment procedure appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from InflationDeflation Method of Estimation", in the February 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings. Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration of Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total and black-and-other independent population controls for persons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by 76,000—30,000 men and 46,000 women. The addition of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all of the changes were in the other population. Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the civilian labor force and employment totals; unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural changes and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1978" in the February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings. Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual was determined by the household respondent for the incoming rotation group households, rather than by the interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race. Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample households had race determined by the household respondent and seven-eighths of the sample households had race determined by interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race determined by the household respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates. Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio estimation method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for the total United States. The reasoning behind the change and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the February 1979 issue of Employment and Earnings. Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the February 1982 issue of Employment and Earnings. In addition, current population estimates used in the second-stage estimation procedure were derived from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases in total population and estimates of persons in all labor force categories. Rates for labor force characteristics, however, remained virtually unchanged. Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment procedure used is also described in the February 1982 article cited above. The revisions did not, however, smooth out the breaks in series occurring between 1972 and 1979 that are described above, and data users should make allowances for them in making certain data comparisons. Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment methodology was updated to account for results obtained from the 1980 census. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. There were only slight differences between the old and new procedures in estimates of levels for the various labor force characteristics and virtually no differences in estimates of participation rates. Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the CPS estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes and an indication of their effect on national estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of this publication. Overall, the revisions had only a slight effect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on estimates of persons of Hispanic origin. Major estimates were revised back to January 1980. Beginning in January 1986, the population controls used in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980 and an improved estimate of the number of emigrants among legal foreign-born residents for the same time period. As a result, the total civilian population and labor force estimates were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian employment was increased by about 350,000. The Hispanic-origin civilian population and labor force estimates were raised by about 425,000 and 305,000, respectively, and civilian employment by 270,000. Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and rates were not significantly affected. Because of the magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data have been revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An explanation of the changes and their effect on estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of this publication. Changes in the occupational and industrial classification system Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational employment data was affected as a result of changes in the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further affected in December 1971, when a question relating to major activity or duties was added to the monthly CPS questionnaire in order to determine more precisely the occupational classification of individuals. As a result of these changes, meaningful comparisions of occupational employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and prior years nor between those 2 years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of the changes in the occupational classification system, see "Revisions in Occupational Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in the Current Population Survey" in the February 1971 and February 1972 issues, respectively, of Employment and Earnings. Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from those developed for the 1970 census, which were used in the CPS from January 1971 through December 1982. The 1980 census occupational classification system evolved 123 from the Standard Occuptional Classification system (soc). While the CPS occupational data are now comparable with other data sources, the new system is so radically different in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical data are not possible without major adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category "sales workers". Major additions include "cashiers" from "clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm." The industrial classification system used in the 1980 census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification system (SIC), as modified in 1977. The adoption of the new system had a much less adverse effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most notable changes from the 1970 system were the transfer of farm equipment stores from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal service from "public administration" to "transportation", and some interchange between "professional and related services" and "public administration." Additional information on the 1980 census occupational and industrial classification systems appears in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. Changes in the sample design Since the inception of the survey, there have been various changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of these changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the reliability of the sample estimates. One major change made after every decennial census is to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of sample areas and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally. In 1953, the current rotation plan was introduced, in which a sample unit is interviewed for 4 months, leaves the sample for 8 months, and then returns to the sample for another 4 months. When Alaska and Hawaii achieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to account for the population in these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major portion of the sample from census address lists was begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected using area sampling. Following the 1970 census, the ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous cluster of six housing units to a usually contiguous cluster of four housing units. In January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24 States and the District of Columbia and designed to provide more reliable annual average estimates for States, was incorporated into the design. In October 1978, a coverage improvement sample, composed of approximately 450 sample household units which represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and 600,000 new construction housing units, was included in computing the estimates in order to provide coverage of mo124 bile homes and new construction units that previously had no chance for selection in the CPS sample selected from the 1970 census frame. In January 1980, another supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected in 32 States and the District of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May 1981. Beginning in January 1982, the sample was expanded by 100 households to provide additional coverage in counties added to SMSA's, which were redefined in 1973. Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was selected based on 1980 census information rather than 1970 census information. The selection of new sample areas provided an opportunity to improve the efficiency of the sample design. Sample areas chosen to replace incoming sample areas account for only 10 percent of the national estimate. The new CPS sample has resulted in increased reliability for State estimates with a slightly reduced sample size. Sample households are chosen from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973 geographic areas in the United States. This current number of sample areas is not completely comparable to the old number of sample areas since many of the sample areas have been redefined. (See pp. 7-10 of the May 1984 issue of Employment and Earnings, for an overview of these new definitions and the introduction of the new sample.) A sample reduction of about 4,000 households was implemented in April 1988; they were reinstated during the 8-month period, April-November 1989. Table A provides a description of some aspects of the CPS sample design in use during the different data collection periods. A more detailed account of the history of the CPS sample design appears in the Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or Concepts and Methods used in Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current Population Surveyf Report 463, Bureau of Labor Statistics. ESTIMATING METHODS Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the results for a given month become available simultaneously and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data from each sample person by the inverse of the probability of the person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure of the number of actual persons that the sample person represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons within the same State have the same probability of selection. These estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the ratio estimation procedure is applied. 1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for occupied sample households for which no information was obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations of similar sample areas that are not necessarily contained within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based on Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size. Within Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date Time period Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954 Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956 May 1956 to Dec. 1959 Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963 Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966 Jan. 1967 to July 1971 . Aug. 1971 to July 1972 Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977 Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979 Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981 May 1981 to Dec. 1984 Jan. 1985 to Mar. 1988 Apr. 1988 to Mar. 1989 Nov. 1989 to present3. . Number of sample areas 68 230 330 2333 357 449 449 461 614 629 629 729 729 729 1 Households eligible Interviewed 21,000 21,000 33,500 33,500 33,500 48,000 45,000 45,000 53,500 62,200 57,800 57,000 53,200 57,400 Not interviewed 500-1,000 500-1,000 1,500 1,500 1,500 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,500 2,800 2,500 2,500 2,600 2,600 Households visited but not eligible 3,000-3,500 3,000-3,500 6,000 6,000 6,000 8,500 8,000 8,000 ^o,ooo 12,000 11,000 11,000 11,500 11,800_ 1 Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in each State and the District of Columbia. 2 Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and Hawaii after statehood. 3 The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month period, AprilNovember 1989. each combination of sample areas there is a further breakdown by residence. MSA sample areas are categorized by "central city" and "balance of the MSA". Residence categories of non-MSA areas are "urban" and "rural". The proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent, depending on weather, vacation, etc. further reduce variability of the estimates and to correct to some extent for CPS undercoverage relative to the decennial census, is carried out in three steps. In the first step, the sample estimates are adjusted within each State and the District of Columbia to an independent control for the population 16 years and over. The second step involves an adjustment by Hispanic origin to a national estimate for eight age-sex categories by Hispanic and non-Hispanic. In the third step, a national adjustment is made by the race categories of white, black, and other races to independent estimates by age and sex. The white and black categories contain 32 age-sex groups each; the other races category has 6 age-sex cells. The entire second-stage adjustment procedure is iterated six times, each time beginning at the weights developed the previous time. This ensures that the sample estimates of the population for both State and national age-sex-race-origin categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure incorporates changes instituted in January 1985. The nature and effect of these changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of Employment and Earnings. The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend in the growth of this segment of the population using the two most recent July 1 estimates, adjusted as a last step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of this group. State estimates by age for July 1 are published annually in Current Population Reports, Series P-25. For a description of the methodology used in developing the State total, see Report 957 of that series. A description of the age estimates methodology is available in Report 1010 of that series. Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control for Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census count for Hispanics by adding estimated Hispanic births and immigrants and subtracting estimated Hispanic deaths 125 2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that of the population as a whole in such characteristics as age, race, sex, and residence. Since these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample, the survey estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of ratio estimates as follows: a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of the 729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas not in the sample; the remainder of the sample areas represent only themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was designed to reduce the portion of the variance resulting from requiring sample areas to represent nonsample areas. Therefore, this procedure is not applied to sample areas which represent only themselves. The adjustment is made at the State level for each of the 43 States which contain nonsample areas by race cells of black and non-black. The procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell at the time of the 1980 census between the race distribution of the population in sample areas and the known race distribution of the State. b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted to the distribution of independent current estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population in the same categories. The second-stage ratio adjustment, which is performed to and emigrants to yield an estimate of the Hispanic population by age and sex. During the period from January 1982 to December 1984, the "inflation-deflation" method was temporarily discontinued in the preparation of the independent national controls used for the age-sex-race groups in the third step of the second-stage ratio estimation procedure. These controls were prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census data after taking account of subsequent aging of the population, births, deaths, and net migration and then subtracting the estimate for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in January 1985, the "inflation-deflation" method of deriving independent population controls was reintroduced into the CPS estimation procedure. With the "inflation-deflation" method, the independent controls are prepared by inflating the 1980 census counts to include estimated undercounts by age, sex and race, aging this population forward to each subsequent month and later age by adding births and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These post-censal population estimates are then deflated to census level to reflect the pattern of net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex, and race. Because an estimate of undercount is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex group is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method. Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age structure of the undercount, but not the level. This feature of the method is important since the exact amount of undercount in the 1980 census remains unknown. Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and the estimate date are based on tabulations of vital statistics for the resident population made by the National Center for Health Statistics and data on deaths of military personnel overseas from the Department of Defense. Estimates of net civilian immigration are based on data provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Department of Defense, the Office of Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning Board. The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas. The institutional population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived from the 1980 census to the total population, including Armed Forces overseas for the estimate date. All computations described above are performed in cells defined by single year of age, race, and sex. The independent national control totals are then obtained by collapsing these cells into broader age groups for the population 16 years and older. Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced into the estimation of the independent population controls. For the first time, an explicit allowance for net undocumented immigration since April 1, 1980 (the census date) was added to the estimated level of legal immigration. In addition, an increase in the estimate of emigration of legal foreign-born residents has been incorporated into the postcensal population estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of these changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of Employment and Earnings. 126 3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics for a given month, a composite estimating procedure is used which takes account of net changes from the previous month for continuing parts of the sample (75 percent), as well as the sample results for the current month. Also included is an additional term which is an estimate of the net difference between incoming and continuing parts of the current month's sample. Almost all estimates of month-to-month change are improved by this procedure, and most estimates of level are also improved, but to a lesser extent. Rounding of estimates The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of independent rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand. Similarly, sums of percent distributions may not always equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant. Reliability of the estimates There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling. The standard errors provided primarily indicate the magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in response and enumeration but do not measure any systematic biases in the data. Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is unknown, but special studies have been conducted to quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS , as discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative change, such as month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels would be more severely affected by the nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many sources, e.g., inability to obtain information about all cases in the sample, definitional difficulties, differences in the interpretation of questions, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall information, errors made in collection such as in recording or coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made in estimating values for missing data, and failure to represent all sample households and all persons within sample households (undercoverage). Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of the survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is used to estimate various sources of error as well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected through reinterview at regular intervals. The results indicate, among other things, that the data published from the CPS arje subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS reinterview program and some of the other results may be found in the Current Population Survey Reinterview Program, January 1961 Through December 1966, Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce. The effects of some components of nonsampling error in Ite CPSdata can be examined as a result of the rotation plan used for the sample, since the level of the estimates varies by rotation group. A description of these effects appears in **1$ie Effeets of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates From Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March 1975. Ufidercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing unks Mid missed persons within sample households. Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage is* about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS undercoverage varies with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally, •nctercoverage is larger for men than for women, and larger for Macks, Hispanics, and other races combined than for whiles. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-raceHkptnic origin population controls, as described previously, partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage. However, biases exist in the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed households or missed persons in interviewed households have different characteristics than interviewed persons in the same age-sex-race-Hispanic origin group. Further, the independent population controls used feave not been adjusted for undercoverage in the 1980 census. Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as Measured by tile Current Population Survey," by Camilla Brooks and Barfeftra Baiter, Statistical Policy Working Paper 3, U.S. Departi n g of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards; in *The Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and in The Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce. This last document includes a comprehensive discussion of various sources of error and describes attempts to measure them in the CPS. Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a measure of sampling variability, that is, of the variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and its estimated standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, ranges that would include the average of all possible samples with a known probability. For example, if all possible samples were selected, each of these surveyed under essentially the same general conditions and using the same sample design, and an estimate and its estimated error were calculated from each sample, then: 1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one standard error below the estimate to one standard error above the estimate would include the average result of all possible samples. 2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6 standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors above the estimate would include the average of all possible samples. 3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2 standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors above the estimate would include the average result of all possible samples. In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a large number of estimates and could be prepared at a moderate cost, a number of approximations are required. First, the standard errors in this volume reflect the sample design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State estimates. Thus, these standard errors may slightly overstate the standard errors applicable to the present design. Second, instead of computing an individual standard error for each estimate, generalized sets of standard errors are computed for various types of characteristics. This generalization yields more stable estimates of the standard errors. Consequently, the sets of standard errors provided give an indication of the order of magnitude of the standard error of an estimate rather than the precise standard error. Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for major employment status characteristics for monthly estimates and for changes for consecutive months. These standard errors are applicable to the level of the estimates in recent months. Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors for monthly level and month-to-month change for estimated totals, unemployment rates, and percentages. Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly level and month-to-month change for percentages. Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in the table may be approximated by linear interpolation. The standard error for estimated changes from one month to the next is more closely related to the monthly level for the characteristic than to the size of the specific month-to-month change itself. Thus, in order to use the generalized standard errors for month-tomonth change as given in the tables of standard errors, it is necessary to obtain the monthly estimate for the characteristic. It should be noted that the tables of standard errors for month-to-month change apply only to estimates of change between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of change for nonconsecutive months are subject to higher standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with tables D, F, H, and I to compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor force participation rates, and percentages as pertaining to the yearto-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes in quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the standard errors must be adjusted due to the differences in the sample size. For years prior to 1956, the standard errors should be multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66 period they should be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard 127 Table B. Standard errors for major employment status categories (in thousands) Standard error of— Employment status, sex, age, and race Total, 16 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Men, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Women, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Black, 16 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Men, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Women, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Both sexes, 16 to 19 years: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Monthly level Month-tomonth change (consecutive months only) 275 293 136 212 224 140 173 186 93 151 163 95 211 212 83 155 160 87 88 92 59 94 102 66 94 104 68 73 79 71 59 64 44 51 57 47 76 76 45 50 54 48 36 33 30 40 38 33 errors for quarterly estimates of persons and families for use with the CPS earnings data. Standard errors for estimated totals. Tables D and E provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals and for month-to-month change. The figures given in these tables are to be used for the characteristics as indicated. Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number of persons working a specific number of hours was 12,000,000, an increase of 400,000 over the previous month. Linear interpolation in the second column of table D shows that the standard error on an estimate of 12,000,000 is about 174,000. The 68-percent confidence interval as shown by these data is from 11,826,000 to 12,174,000. Therefore, a conclusion that the average estimate derived from all possible samples lies within a range computed in this way would be correct for roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that the standard error of a month-to-month change is primarily dependent on the size of the monthly estimate. Thus, using linear interpolation in the first column of table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change of 400,000, when the monthly level is approximately 12,000,000, is about 129,000. Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated percentage, computed using sample data for both numerator and denominator, depends upon both the size of the rate or percentage and the total upon which the rate or percentage is based. Estimated rates and percentages are relatively more Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics Standard error of— Standard error of— Characteristic Characteristic Monthly level Total (all civilian workers) Men, 20 years and over Women, 20 years and over Both sexes, 16 to 19 years White workers Black workers Married men, spouse present Married women, spouse present Full-time workers Part-time workers Unemployed 15 weeks and over 0.11 .15 .16 .67 .11 .51 .15 .19 .12 .34 .06 Consecutivemonth change 0.12 .15 .17 .81 .12 .54 .17 .21 .12 .42 .07 Occupation Executive, administrative, and managerial . .. Professional specialty Technicians and related support Sales Administrative support, including clerical . . . . Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective 128 .22 .19 .47 .29 .23 1.18 .76 .24 .21 .52 .33 .26 1.33 .85 .39 .43 Monthly level Occupation—Continued Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Farming, forestry, and fishing Consecutivemonth change 0.32 0.36 .49 .59 .55 .66 .72 .68 .82 .76 .12 1.63 .65 .26 .33 .42 .13 1.86 .75 .29 .37 .47 .42 .27 .20 .23 1.16 .48 .30 .22 .25 1.32 Industry Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation, communications, and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Finance and services Government workers Agricultural wage and salary workers reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator of the rates or percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of 50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are not published when the monthly base is less than 75,000, the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or the annual average base is less than 35,000. Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for monthly level and month-to-month change for unemployment rates. Generalized standard errors for estimated monthly percentages and estimated month-to-month change in percentage can be obtained through the use of the standard errors in table H and the factors in table I. First, obtain the standard error from table H for the specific percentage and base. The generalized standard error is then calculated by multiplying the standard error from table H by the appropriate factor from table I. When the numerator and denominator of the percentage are in different categories, use the factor indicated by the numerator of the percentage. Illustration. Assume that in a given month 2.9 percent of a total of 112,440,000 employed persons are employed in agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 2.9 percent with a base of 112,440,000 is obtained from table H (0.08 percent). The appropriate factor from table I for the numerator of the percentage, agricultural employment, is 1.26. The generalized standard error on the estimated 2.9 percent is then approximately 0.08 x 1.26 = 0.10 percentage point. Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in yearly averages. The approximate standard errors of levels, rates, and percentages involving year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in yearly averages may be obtained by using table J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for estimates of change are more closely related to the level of the estimate than to the size of the specific change. Thus, to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an average level, rate, or percentage, or an estimate of a change in level, rate, or percentage, it is first necessary to find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate of an average level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For an estimate of change in level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of the average of the two estimates affecting the change. Then, after computing the standard error by treating these estimates as monthly estimates and using the procedures above, multiply this result by a suitable factor from table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the average or change. Illustration. Suppose that one is interested in the year-to-year change of a monthly unemployment rate. Assume that for a certain month the unemployment rate is 6.2 percent, based on a total of 119,865,000 in the civilian labor force, and that Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level (in thousands) Characteristic1 Unemployment Labor force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment Estimated monthly level 1 When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error 12 17 36 50 68 86 92 88 72 12 16 32 35 11 15 34 49 68 95 115 132 145 172 191 215 225 222 206 172 107 10 14 31 43 58 73 76 69 47 i 12 17 37 51 70 92 104 109 108 74 i 12 17 37 52 74 104 126 145 161 193 219 259 286 306 319 326 327 314 274 195 i 12 17 38 53 73 97 110 116 Total or Black men white men only, or only, or women only women only i 11 16 36 51 72 101 123 141 156 188 213 Total or white, 16 to Black, 16 to 19 years 19 years i Black i Total or white i 15 21 47 66 93 131 159 182 202 Black i 50 100 500 1 000 2,000 4 000 6,000 8,000 10,000 15,000 20 000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60 000 70,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 Total or white i Agricultural employment of the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use the column for total employed. 129 Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change (in thousands) Characteristic1 Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural employment Unemployment Estimated monthly level Both sexes 16 to 19 years, or part-time labor force2 Black Black, 16 to 19 years 13 18 40 56 78 108 129 144 157 177 184 14 20 45 63 89 124 150 _ _ 13 19 41 57 76 95 99 89 58 14 20 38 41 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - Total or white 50 100 500 1,000 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10 000 15,000 20 000 30 000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 1 Total or white, Black, 16 to 16 to 19 years 19 years Total or white Black 9 12 27 39 55 77 93 107 119 143 163 192 213 228 238 244 245 237 212 160 9 12 27 38 52 68 78 82 81 59 14 20 43 59 80 100 104 94 65 14 19 37 39 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - See footnote 1, table D. Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons reentering the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by duration of unemployment. a year prior to this the unemployment rate was 7.0 percent, based on a total of 117,834,000 in the civilian labor force for the month. First, the standard error on the average of the two estimates, 6.6 percent with a base of 118,850,000, is obtained from table F (0.11 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then given by 0.11 x 1.40 = 0.15 percentage point. The approximate standard error of levels involving yearto-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using table K in conjunction with the following formula: lation between the estimates X and Y resulting from the presence of some of the same respondents in the sample for each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of quarterly estimates, the values of P are 0.30 for persons (total, white, and black) and 0.35 for families (total, white, and black). The respective values for estimates of Hispanics are 0.45 and 0.55. 2 Standard error of year-to-year change = . Illustration. Assume that in a given quarter the number of women employed as full-time wage and salary workers was 27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year later, their number had increased to 29,000,000. Using linear interpolation in the eighth column of table K, the standard error of an estimate of 27,000,000 is 216,000; for 29,000,000 it is 221,000. Using the above formula, the standard error of the 2,000,000 year-to-year change is: (216,000) X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the estimate for another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a measure of the corre- 130 + or about 259,000. (221,000) -2(.30) (216,000) (221,000), Table F. Standard errors for unemployment rates Monthly unemployment rate (percent) Monthly base of unemployment rate (in thousands) 50 100 500 1,000 2,000 4,000 6,000 10,000 20,000 60,000 100 000 120,000 140,000 1 2 5 10 15 20 25 30 2.28 1.61 72 .51 .36 .25 .21 .16 .11 .07 05 .05 .04 3.20 2.26 1 01 .72 .51 .36 .29 .23 .16 .09 .07 .07 .06 4.98 3.52 1.58 1.11 .79 .56 .45 .35 .25 .14 .11 .10 .09 6.85 4.84 2 16 1.53 1.08 .77 .62 .48 .34 .20 .15 .14 .13 8.13 5.75 2.57 1.82 1.29 .91 .74 .58 .41 .24 .18 .17 .15 9.09 6.43 2.88 2.03 1.44 1.02 .83 .64 .45 .26 .20 .19 .17 9.82 6.94 3.11 2.20 1.55 1.10 .90 .69 .49 .28 .22 .20 .19 10.36 7.33 3.28 2.32 1.64 1.16 .95 .73 .52 .30 .23 .21 .20 35 10.75 7.60 3 40 2.40 1.70 1.20 .98 .76 .54 .31 .24 .22 .21 50 11.12 7.87 3 52 2.49 1.76 1.24 1.02 .79 .56 .32 .25 .23 .21 Table G. Standard errors for month-to-month change in unemployment rates Monthly unemployment rate (percent) Monthly base of unemployment rate (in thousands) 50 100 500 1 000 2,000 4,000 6,000 10,000 20,000 60,000 100,000 120 000 140,000 1 2 5 10 15 20 2.53 1.79 .80 .57 .40 .28 .23 .18 .13 .07 .06 .05 .05 3.57 2.52 1.13 .80 .56 .40 .33 .25 .18 .10 .08 .07 .07 5.60 3.96 1.77 1.25 .88 .63 .51 .39 .28 .16 .12 .11 .10 7.83 5.53 2.47 1.75 1.23 .87 .71 .55 .38 .21 .15 .14 9.47 6.69 2.99 2.11 1.49 1.05 .86 .66 .46 .24 .17 .15 10.79 7.63 3.41 2.41 1.70 1.20 .97 .75 .51 .27 .18 25 11.91 8.42 3.76 2.65 1.87 1.32 1.07 .82 .56 .28 30 12.87 9.10 4.06 2.87 2.02 1.42 1.15 .88 .60 35 50 13.71 9.69 4.33 3.05 2.15 1.51 1.22 .93 .62 15.67 11.08 4.94 3.48 2.44 1.70 1.37 1.03 - Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for labor force data Percentage of monthly level Monthly base of percentages (in thousands) 50 100 500 1 000 2 000 4,000 6,000 10,000 20,000 40 000 60,000 80,000 100 000 120,000 140 000 160,000 1 or 99 2 or 98 5 or 95 10 or 90 15 or 85 20 or 80 25 or 75 2.34 1 65 .74 52 37 .26 .21 .17 .12 08 .07 .06 05 .05 04 .04 3.29 2 33 1.04 74 52 .37 .30 .23 .16 12 .10 .08 07 .07 .06 .06 5.12 3 62 1.62 1.15 81 .57 .47 .36 .26 18 .15 .13 11 .10 10 .09 7.05 4 99 2.23 1.58 1 12 .79 .64 .50 .35 25 .20 .18 16 .14 13 .12 8.39 5 94 2.65 1 88 1 33 .94 .77 .59 .42 30 .24 .21 19 .17 16 .15 9.40 6 65 2.97 2 10 1 49 1.05 .86 .66 .47 33 .27 .24 21 .19 18 .17 10.18 7 20 3.22 2 28 1 61 1.14 .93 .72 .51 36 .29 .25 23 .21 19 .18 30 or 70 10.77 7 62 3.41 2 41 1 70 1.20 .98 .76 .54 38 .31 .27 24 .22 20 .19 35 or 65 50 11.21 7 93 3.55 2 51 1 77 1.25 1.02 .79 .56 40 .32 .28 25 .23 21 .20 11.75 8 31 3.72 2 63 1 86 1.31 1.07 .83 .59 4? .34 .29 26 24 22 .21 NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specific characteristic. 131 Table I. Factors to be used with table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month change in percentages Factor Factor Characteristic Agricultural employment: Total or full-time labor force Part-time labor force Labor force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment: Total Men only Women only Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Part-time labor force Characteristic Monthly level Month-tomonth change 1.26 1.26 1.05 1.50 .74 .84 .75 1.18 1.18 1.00 .93 .86 1.00 1.00 Monthly level Month-tomonth change 1.01 1.21 .97 .97 1.08 1.21 1.04 1.04 1.13 1.24 Unemployment: Part-time labor force, duration of unemployment, left last job, reentering labor force All other unemployment characteristics: Total or white: Total Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Black: Total Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Table J. Factors to be used with tables D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages, and change in yearly averages Factor Characteristic Year-to-year change of monthly estimate Quarterly averages Change in quarterly averages Yearly averages Change in yearly averages 1.30 1.30 1.40 0.89 .83 .74 0.80 .80 .80 0.72 .58 .46 0.70 .70 .70 1.30 1.30 1.40 .88 .82 .74 .88 .88 .88 .67 .57 .46 .70 .70 .60 1.40 1.40 .76 .69 .88 .88 .50 .39 .65 .54 Agricultural employment: Total or men Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years) Part time Labor force data other than agricultural employment and unemployment: Total or white Black or teenagers (16 to 19 years) Part time Unemployment: Total Part time 132 Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly levels, to be used with CPS earnings data (In thousands) Characteristic Total Women Men Estimated quarterly level Total or full-time workers Total or full-time workers Part-time workers 10 50 75 100 . . . . 150 . . . . 200 .... 250 . . . . 300 . . . . 500 .... 750 .... 1,000... 1,500... 2,000. . . 2,500 . . . 3,000 . . . 5,000. . . 7,500 . . . 10,000. . 15,000. . 20,000 . . 25,000 . . 30,000 . . 40,000 . . 50,000. . 75,000 . . 100,000. 5 11 13 15 19 22 24 26 34 42 48 59 68 76 83 107 130 149 180 205 226 224 273 296 331 343 Total or white 5 12 15 17 21 24 27 30 38 47 54 66 76 85 93 119 145 165 198 224 244 261 286 301 304 255 Part-time workers Black 5 12 15 17 21 24 27 30 38 46 53 63 72 79 85 100 107 102 102 5 11 13 15 19 22 24 26 34 42 48 59 68 75 82 105 127 144 187 192 207 219 233 Total White Black 5 12 15 17 21 24 27 30 38 47 54 66 76 84 92 117 140 157 183 199 209 212 201 160 160 5 12 15 17 21 24 27 30 38 47 54 66 76 84 5 12 15 17 21 24 27 29 37 45 92 116 138 155 179 193 199 198 174 100 5C) 59 65 69 71 64 64 Total, full-time, or part-time workers Total or white 5 11 13 15 19 22 24 26 34 42 48 59 68 75 82 105 127 145 173 195 211 224 242 249 Black 5 11 13 15 19 21 24 26 33 41 46 56 63 69 74 85 88 133 Establishment Data (Tables B-1 through C-8) COLLECTION Payroll reports provide current information on wage and salary employment and hours and earnings in nonagricultural establishments, by industry and geographic location. Historical statistics are published in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States, 1909-84, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States and Areas, 1939-82 and their supplements. industry indicated by the principal product or activity. All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Nation and for States and areas are classified in accordance with the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SICM), Office of Management and Budget. The BLS tabulates and estimates statistics which distinguish between private and public establishments, thus maintaining continuity with previously published statistics for the private and government sector. Federal-State cooperation Industry employment Under cooperative arrangements, responding establishments report employment, hours, and earnings data to State agencies. State agencies mail the forms to the establishments and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the reported data to prepare State and area series and also send the reported data to the BLS (Washington Office) for use in preparing the national series. This avoids a duplicate reporting burden on establishments, and, together with the use of similar estimating techniques at the national and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates. Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the number of persons who occupied positions on the last day of the calendar month. Intermittent workers are counted if they performed any service during the month. The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included. Government employment covers only civilian employees; military personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency also are excluded. Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the pay period even though they are unemployed or on strike during the rest of the period are counted as employed. Not counted as employed are persons who are on layoff, on leave without pay, on strike for the entire period, or who were hired but have not yet reported during the period. Shuttle schedules Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent each month so that the next month's data can be entered on the space allotted for that month. This "shuttle" procedure assures maximum comparability and accuracy of reporting, since the respondent can see the figures that have been reported for previous months. Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of nonagricultural establishments and, for most industries, employment, payroll, and hours of production and related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. CONCEPTS Industrial classification Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. Since January 1980, this information is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports filed by employers. For an establishment making more than one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the 134 Indexes of diffusion of employment change (table B-7). These indexes measure the dispersion among industries of the change in employment over the specified time span. The overall indexes are calculated from 349 seasonally adjusted employment series (three-digit industries) covering all nonagricultural payroll employment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffusion indexes are based on 141 three-digit industries. To derive the indexes, each component industry is assigned a value of 0, 50, or 100 percent, depending on whether its employment showed a decrease, no change, or an increase, respectively, over the time span. The average value (mean) is then calculated, and this percent is the diffusion index number. The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent, the value which indicates that the same number of component industries had increased as had decreased. Index numbers above 50 show that more industries had increasing employment, and values below 50 indicate that more had decreasing employment. The margin between the percent that increased and the percent that decreased is equal to the difference between the index and its complement, i.e., 100 minus the index. For example, an index of 65 percent means that 30 percent more industries had increasing employment than had decreasing employment (65-( 100-65)=30). However, for dispersion analysis, the distance of the index number from the 50-percent reference point is the most significant observation. Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpreted as showing the percent of components that increased over the time span, it should be remembered that the index reflects half of the unchanged components as well. (This is the effect of assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged components when computing the index.) Industry hours and earnings Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports of payrolls and hours for production and related workers in manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private serviceproducing industries. Production and related workers include working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling, maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use (e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely associated with the above production operations. Construction workers include the following employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether working at the site of construction or working in shops or yards at jobs (such as precutting and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction trades. Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not above the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, line installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other employees at similar occupational levels whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed. Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation, and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and paid regularly each pay period); other pay not earned in the pay period reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips; and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such as health and other types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc., paid by the employer) are also excluded. Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period which includes the 12th of the month for production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay is received directly from the firm. Overtime hours cover hours worked by production or related workers for which overtime premiums were paid because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or the workweek during the pay period which included the 12th of the month. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded. Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates to the average hours for which pay was received and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component industries. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures for 1977. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product of average weekly hours and production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum of the component aggregates. Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent that portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If an employee were to work on a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total compensation his or her holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked that day, no overtime hours would be reported. Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from month to month; for example, overtime premiums may be paid for hours in excess of the straight-time workday although less than a full week is worked. Diverse trends at the industry group level also may be caused by a marked change in hours for a component industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current months. In addition, such factors as work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence on overtime hours as on average hours. 135 Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors as premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changes in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries. Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of work or time. The earnings series do not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the employer since the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings for those employees not covered under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee definitions. Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage payments. These series are compiled only for aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing. The same concepts and estimation methods apply to these series as apply to the average hourly earnings series described above; the one difference between the series is definitional. The payroll data used to calculate this series include lump-sum payments made to production workers in lieu of general wage rate increases; such payments are excluded from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate the other average hourly earnings series. For each sample establishment in sic 3721 and Sic 3761 covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data are adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum payment. Such payments are generally made once a year and cover the following 12-month period. In order to spread the payment across this time period, a prorated portion of the payment is added to the payroll each month. This prorated portion is adjusted by an exit rate to reduce the lump-sum amount to account for persons who received the payment but left before the payment allocation period expired. Average hourly earnings excluding overtime. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay, are computed by dividing the total production worker payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than time and one-half. Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are based on monthly data summarized in the M-300 report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC 136 group I) who received pay during the month. Average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by average hourly earnings. Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but also by changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly variations in such factors as the proportion of part-time workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for which employees are not paid may cause the average workweek to fluctuate. Long-time trends of average weekly earnings can be affected by structural changes in the makeup of the work force. For example, persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many of the services industries have reduced average workweeks in these industries and have affected the average weekly earnings series. Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are calculated from the earnings averages for the current month using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W). ESTIMATING METHODS The principal features of the procedure used to estimate employment for the establishment statistics are (1) the use of the "link relative" technique, which is a form of ratio estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of employment levels to new benchmarks; and (3) the use of size and regional stratification. The "link relative" technique From a sample composed of establishments reporting for both the previous and current months, the ratio of currentmonth employment to that of the previous month is computed. This is called a "link relative." The estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month by these link relatives. In addition, bias correction factors are applied to selected employment estimates each month. The size of the bias correction factors is determined from past benchmark comparisons. Beginning with data for April 1983, these factors are modified by changes in the sample link relatives for the most recent quarter. Other features of the general procedures are described in table L. Size and regional stratification A number of industries are stratified by size of establish- ment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the hours and earnings for aggregation into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment, hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a whole industry or a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size stratum of a region within an industry. Benchmark adjustments Employment estimates are compared periodically with benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for the various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate adjustments are made as indicated. The industry estimates are currently projected from March 1988 levels. Normally, benchmark adjustments are made annually. The primary sources of benchmark information are employment data, by industry, compiled quarterly by State agencies from reports of establishments covered under State unemployment insurance laws. These tabulations cover about 98 percent of employees on nonagricultural payrolls in the United States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained from the records of the Social Security Administration, the Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings Employment, hours, and earnings Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or region/size cell) Aggregate industry level (division and, where stratified, industry) Monthly data All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month, for sample establishments which reported for both months.1 Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells. All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to all employees in sample establishments for current month, (2) estimated ratio of women to all employees.2 Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker estimates, or estimates of women employees, for component cells. Average weekly hours Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2 Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory worker employment, of the average weekly hours for component cells. Average weekly overtime hours Production worker overtime hours divided by number of production workers.2 Average, weighted by production worker employment, of the average weekly overtime hours for component cells. Average hourly earnings Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker hours.2 Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average hourly earnings for component cells. Average weekly earnings Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. All employees Production or nonsupervisory workers, women employees Annual average data All employees, women employees, and production or nonsupervisory workers Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Average weekly hours Annual total of aggregate hours (production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied by average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers. Average weekly overtime hours Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (production worker employment multiplied by average weekly overtime hours) divided by annual sum of employment. Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for production workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers. Average hourly earnings Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of production or nonsupervisory worker employment by weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours. Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by annua aggregate hours. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Average weekly earnings 1 The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample. 2 The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by a wedging technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest sample average. 137 Interstate Commerce Commmission, and a number of other agencies in private industry or government. The estimates for the benchmark month are compared with new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new benchmark and the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month by use of the sample trends. Thus, under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish the level of employment; the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in the level. A comparison of the actual amounts of revisions made at the time of the March 1988 benchmark adjustment is shown in table M. Data for all months since the last benchmark to which the series has been ajusted are subject to revision. Revised data are published as soon as possible after each benchmark revision. THE SAMPLE Design The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is known as "sampling proportionate to average size of establishment." This design is an optimum allocation design among strata since the sampling variance is proportional to the average size of establishments. Under this type of design, large establishments fall into the sample with certainty. The size of the sample for the various industries is determined empirically on the basis of experience and of cost considerations. In a manufacturing industry in which a high proportion of total employment is concentrated in relatively few establishments, a larger percent of total employment is included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for such industries provides for a complete census of the large establishments, with only a few chosen from among the smaller establishments or none at all if the concentration of employment is great enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is in small establishments, the sample design calls for inclu- sion of all large establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones. Many industries in the trade and services divisions fall into this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by available resources, it is necessary to design samples for these industries with a smaller proportion of universe employment than is the case for most manufacturing industries. Since individual establishments in these nonmanufacturing divisions generally show less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than do establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller samples (in terms of employment) generally produce reliable estimates. In the context of the BLS establishment survey program, with its emphasis on producing timely data at minimum cost, a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide reasonably reliable estimates that can be published promptly and regularly. The present sample meets these specifications for most industries. With its use, the BLS is able to produce preliminary estimates each month for many industries and for many geographic levels within a few weeks after the reference period, and, at a somewhat later date, statistics in considerably greater industrial detail. Coverage The BLS sample of establishment employment and payrolls is the largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social statistics. Table N shows the latest benchmarks and the approximate proportion of total employment in each industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions shown. Table N. Employment benchmarks and approximate coverage of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 1988 Industry Total Table M. Comparison of nonagricutural employment benchmarks and estimates for March 1988 (In thousands) Industry Total Mining Construction Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade detail trade -inance, insurance, and real estate Services Government 138 Percent difference Benchmark Estimate 103,835 104,161 -0.3 711 4,686 19,171 723 4,787 19,302 -1.7 -2.2 -.7 5,437 5,926 18,551 5,473 6,016 18,612 -.7 -1.5 -.3 6,594 25,103 17,656 6,599 24,978 17,671 -.1 .5 -.1 Mining Construction Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale t r a d e . . . . Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services Government: Federal State Local Sample coverage1 Benchmarks (thousands) Number of establishments 103,835 262,856 38,922 37 711 4,686 19,171 3,361 24,924 49,889 276 917 9,483 39 20 49 14,091 22,810 49,015 22,482 1,062 3,704 46 18 20 6,594 25,103 19,711 58,713 2,126 5,795 32 23 2,964 4,151 10,541 4,883 15,459 2,964 3,406 6,707 100 82 64 5,437 5,926 18,551 2 Employees Number Percent of (thou- benchmarks sands) 1 Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Since not all establishments report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings estimates are based on a smaller sample than employment estimates. 2 The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete count of employment for Class I railroads. 3 Total Federal employment counts for use in national estimates are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as State and area estimates of Federal employment, are based on a sample of 5,000 reports covering about 56 percent of employment in Federal establishments. Reliability Although the relatively large size of the BLS establishment sample assures a high degree of accuracy, the estimates derived from it may differ from the figures that would be obtained if it were possible to take a complete census using the same schedules and procedures. As discussed under the previous section, a link relative technique is used to estimate employment. This requires the use of the previous month's estimate as the base in computing the current month's estimate. Thus, small sampling and response errors may accumulate over several months. To remove this accumulated error, the estimates are usually adjusted annually to new benchmarks. In addition to taking account of sampling and response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts the estimates for changes in the industrial classification of individual establishments (resulting from changes in their product which are not reflected in the levels of estimates until the data are adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed industry levels, particularly within manufacturing, changes in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments. Another cause of differences arises from improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. Table O presents the average percent revisions of the five most recent benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are available from the Bureau upon request. The hours and earnings estimates for basic estimating cells are not subject to benchmark revisions, although the broader groupings may be affected slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings estimates, however, are subject to sampling errors, which may be expressed as Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly earnings by industry (In percent) Industry Relative Average benchmark revision in estimates Average of employ- weekly ment1 hours Total Total private Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate . . . Services Government3 1 error2 Average hourly earnings 0.2 .3 2.2 1.8 .7 .7 .9 .4 1.0 .7 .3 .3 .3 0.1 1.0 .2 .1 .1 .1 .7 .2 .2 .2 .4 0.2 1.3 .5 .2 .3 .2 .6 .4 .4 .4 .6 The average percent revision in employment for the 1984-88 benchmarks. Relative errors relate to 1982 data. Estimates for government are based on a total count for Federal Government provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a sample of State and local government reports. 2 relative errors of the estimate. (A relative error is a standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate.) Relative errors for major industries are presented in table O and for individual industries with the specified number of employees in table P. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours and earnings estimates from the sample would differ by a smaller percentage than the relative error from the averages that would have been obtained from a complete census. One measure of the reliability of the employment estimates for individual industries is the root-mean-square error (RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in estimates: RMSE = \ / (standard deviation)2 + (bias)2 If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that an estimate from the sample would differ from its benchmark by less than the root-mean-square error. The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the difference would be less than twice the root-mean-square error. Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based on the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences between final estimates and benchmarks are presented in table P. For the two most recent months, estimates of employment, hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so footnoted in the tables. These figures are based on less than the total sample and are revised when all the reports in the sample have been received. Table Q presents root-mean-square errors of the amounts of revisions that may be expected between the preliminary and final levels of employment and preliminary and final month-to-month changes. Revisions of preliminary hours and earnings estimates are normally not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1 cent for hourly earnings. STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS State and area employment, hours, and earnings data are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between benchmarks and estimates of employment and average relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly earnings Size of employment estimate 50,000 100,000 200,000 500,000 1,000,000 2,000,000 , Relative error2 (in percent) Rootmeansquare error of employment estimates1 Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings 2,100 3,900 5,600 14,000 15,000 26,000 2.2 1.3 1.1 .9 .8 .5 4.0 2.3 2.0 1.6 1.2 .9 3 1 2 Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions. Relative errors relate to 1982 data. 139 Definitions for all areas are published each year in the issue of Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back cover of each issue. These statistics are based on the same establishment reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates. For employment, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a national basis, because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification. Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates Root-mean-square error of— Industry Monthly level 88,900 89,500 Total private 61,300 58,900 Goods-producing industries 21,200 19,800 Mining Oil and gas extraction 4,400 3,800 4,200 3,300 Construction General building contractors 14,400 4,900 15,100 5,100 Manufacturing 18,200 18,300 13,700 2,200 1,700 1,600 4,300 12,300 2,000 1,600 1,500 4,300 3,300 2,400 5,700 4,900 7,700 6,500 2,100 1,800 3,100 2,200 6,800 4,900 7,000 6,600 2,200 1,800 8,500 5,600 1,500 1,800 8,400 5,600 1,400 1,700 4,500 1,600 2,100 4,000 1,400 2,000 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products. Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products . . Printing and publishing Industry Month-to-month change Total Durable goods Lumber and wood products . . . . Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products . Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical . . . . Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment. Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing.... Root-mean-square error of— Nondurable goods—Continued Chemicals and allied products . . Petroleum and coal products . . . Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products . . . Month-to-month change 2,600 1,200 2,800 1,200 1,600 1,700 1,600 1,600 85,400 85,700 14,600 16,600 13,000 16,000 6,500 6,100 8,700 5,800 5,000 7,700 5,300 4,400 38,600 22,800 6,800 34,400 20,400 6,000 4,200 10,100 5,100 9,500 8,700 4,100 3,700 5,000 7,600 3,900 3,100 4,000 Services Business services Health services 36,600 11,700 10,200 34,900 10,700 10,000 Government Federal State Local 59,700 15,900 22,000 34,600 53,500 11,300 20,000 34,500 Service-producing industries Transportation and public utilities . . Transportation Communication and public utilities Wholesale trade Durable goods Nondurable goods Retail trade General merchandise stores Food stores Automotive dealers and service stations Eating and drinking places Finance, insurance, and real estate Finance Insurance Real estate NOTE: Data are based on differences from December 1983 through December 1988. 140 Monthly level Productivity Data (Tables C-9 through C-11) COLLECTION Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from establishment and household survey labor input data and from measures of compensation and output supplied by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the Federal Reserve Board. CONCEPTS Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments (table C-9) refer to hours paid for all employees—production workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers. For productivity and cost measures (tables C-10, 11), hours of all persons include hours of employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. Labor input is measured by hours at the work site. Output is the constant-dollar market value of final goods and services produced in a given period. Indexes of output per hour of all persons (productivity) measure changes in the volume of goods and services produced per hour at work. Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplementary payments for the selfemployed, except for nonfinancial corporations, in which there are no self-employed. Real compensation per hour is compensation per hour adjusted by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U). Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost required to produce one unit of output and are derived by dividing compensation per hour by output per hour. Unit nonlaborpayments include profits, capital consump- tion allowances, interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes per unit of output. They are computed by subtracting compensation of all persons from the current-dollar gross product originating in the sector and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor payments except unit profits. Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments per unit of output. The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the current-dollar estimate of gross product by the constantdollar estimate, making the deflator, in effect, a price index for gross product of the sector reported. NOTES ON THE DATA For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector, these indexes relate to the gross domestic product less general government, households and institutions, owner-occupied housing, and the statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic product of nonfinancial corporate business. All measures are seasonally adjusted. Manufacturing output data are supplied by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, and the Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to annual estimates of output (gross product originating) from the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81, BLS Bulletin 2178. Additional information may be obtained from the Office of Productivity and Technology (202-523-9261). State and Area Labor Force Data (D table) FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM Labor force and unemployment estimates for States, labor market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered under Federal assistance programs are developed by State employment security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative program. The local unemployment estimates which are derived from standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis for determining eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal programs such as the Job Training and Partnership Act, the Economic Dislocation and Worker Adjustment Assistance Act, and the Urban Development Action Grant program. Annual average data for the States and areas shown in table D are published in Employment and Earnings (usually the May issue). For regions, States, selected metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual average data classified by selected demographic, social, and economic characteristics are published in the BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment. Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other small areas have been prepared for administration of various Federal economic assistance programs and may be ordered from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The report''Unemployment in States and Local Areas" is published monthly through GPO and is available in micrfofiche form only, on a subscription basis. 141 ESTIMATING METHODS Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and over 2,600 labor market areas. The estimation methods are described below for States (and the District of Columbia) and for sub-State areas. A more detailed description of the estimation procedure is contained in the BLS document, "Manual for Developing Local Area Unemployment Statistics.'' Estimates for States Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force and unemployment estimates for the 11 largest States—California, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas—are sufficiently reliable to be taken directly from the Current Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly basis. These are termed "direct-use States." For a description of the CPS concepts, see "Household Data," above. For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia, which do not use the CPS directly each month, regression models (sets of equations) are used to develop employment and unemployment estimates. These, then, are the "nondirect-use" States. The regression techniques are based on historical and current relationships found within each State's economy as reflected in the different sources of data that are available for each State—the CPS, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey, and the unemployment insurance (Ul) system. When the estimation procedures were introduced in 1989, over 10 years of data were used to develop the equations for each State. While all the State models have important variables in common, they differ somewhat from one another so as to better reflect individual State characteristics. Two models—one for employment and one for the unemployment rate—are used for each State. The unemployment rate, rather than the unemployment level, is modeled, primarily because the rate is usually more meaningful for economic analysis. The employment models use the CES estimates of nonfarm wage and salary jobs and also include data for employed persons not covered or only partially covered by the CES survey. Typically, these are agricultural workers, the selfemployed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers. The unemployment rate models also include different types of data. Data for ui claimants (without earnings due to employment) are used to represent most of the experienced unemployed. The models also include an employment-topopulation ratio which reflects both the business cycle and the experienced unemployed not covered by the ui claims data. New entrants and reentrants into the labor force are also reflected in the models. For some States, the models include variables which reflect seasonal factors not reflected in the other data used, such as the large increase in the labor force at the end of the school year. In both the employment and unemployment rate models, 142 an important feature is the use of a technique that allows the equations to adjust automatically to structural changes that occur. The models are termed "variable coefficient models" because they include a built-in tuning mechanism, known as the Kalman Filter, which revises a model's coefficients when the new data that become available each month indicate that changes in the data relationships have taken place. Once the estimates are developed from the models, the unemployment level and labor force estimates are calculated. Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, monthly estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and the District of Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the annual average CPS estimates. The benchmarking technique employs a procedure (called the Denton method) which adjusts the annual average of the models to equal the CPS annual average, while preserving, as much as possible, the original monthly seasonal pattern of the model estimates. In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction is required, as the average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates will equal the CPS annual averages. Estimates for sub-State areas Monthly labor force and employment estimates for two large sub-state areas—New York City and the Los AngelesLong Beach metropolitan area—are obtained directly from the CPS. Estimates for all other sub-state areas, more than 2,600 labor market areas (LMA'S), are prepared through indirect estimation techniques, described below. Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilian employment estimates are based on CES data. These "placeof-work" estimates must be adjusted to refer to place-ofresidence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from place-of-work to place-of-residence have been developed for several categories of employment on the basis of employment relationships at the time of the 1980 decennial census. These factors are applied to the CES estimates for the current period to obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which are added estimates for employment not represented in the CES— agriculture, nonagricultural self-employed and unpaid family workers, and private household workers. Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the current month, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of the estimates for each of three categories: (1) persons who were previously employed in industries covered by State UI laws; (2) those previously employed in industries not covered by these laws; and (3) those who were entering the civilian labor force for the first time or reentering after a period of separation. Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employment and unemployment are prepared for the State and LMA'S within the State. The LMA estimates geographically exhaust the entire State. Thus, a proportional adjustment must be applied to all sub-State LMA estimates to ensure that they add to the independently estimated State totals for employment and unemployment. Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State estimates are revised. The revisions incorporate any changes in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based employment figures, corrections in claims counts, and updated historical relationships. The corrected estimates are then readjusted to add to the revised (benchmarked) State estimates of employment and unemployment. Seasonal Adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a broader margin of possible error than the original data on which they are based, since they are subject not only to sampling and other errors but are also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and establishment-based data are published monthly in Employment and Earnings. Since January 1980, national labor force data have been seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll ARIMA (Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the standard X-ll method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12-564E, January 1983. At the beginning of each calendar year, projected seasonal adjustment factors are calculated for use during the JanuaryJune period. In July of each year, BLS calculates and publishes in Employment and Earnings projected seasonal adjustment factors for use in the second half, based on the experience through June. Revisions of historical data for the most recent 5 years are made only at the beginning of each calendar year. However, as a result of the revisions to the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980 census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982 were carried back to 1970. All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For example, for each of the three major labor force components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural employment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age groups (men and women under and over 20 years of age) are separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then added to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum of eight seasonally adjusted civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for seasonally), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent seasonal adjustment of various series, components will not necessarily add to totals. Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor force series based on the experience through December, new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate the civilian unemployment rate for the first 6 months of the following year, and a description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure are published in each January issue of Employment and Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the revision period for a broader range of labor force series are published in the February issue of this publication. Since the early 1980's, the BLS has also used the X-ll ARIMA procedure to seasonally adjust establishment-based employment, hours, and earnings data. The X-ll ARIMA program has been run once each year after benchmarking and seasonal adjustment factors have been projected and published for 12 months ahead (April-March). Beginning in June 1989, with the introduction of the March 1988 benchmarks, the Bureau introduced a modification to this procedure to parallel that used in seasonally adjusting household survey data. Projected seasonal adjustment factors are now calculated only for the first 6 months after benchmarking. A second set of projected seasonal adjustment factors, for use during the subsequent period, will be computed based upon data through September and introduced with the publication of data for October. Revisions of historical data for the most recent 5 years will continue to be made once a year, coincident with benchmark revisions, and published in a Supplement to Employment and Earnings. All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to the component levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for most of these series are then obtained by taking a weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data for the component series. Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and 143 seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Average weekly earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by dividing average weekly earnings, seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), and multiplying by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsupervisory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the 1977 base. For total private, total goods-producing, total private serviceproducing, and major industry divisions, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the 1977 base. Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number of series characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These failed or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series, however, are used in the aggregation to broader level seasonally adjusted series. Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government 144 employment are derived from unadjusted data which include Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal Service. The number of temporary census takers for the 1980 decennial census, however, are removed prior to the calculation of seasonal adjustment factors. Revised seasonally adjusted establishment-based series based on the experience through March 1989, new seasonal adjustment factors for April-September, and a description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure appear in the June 1989 issue of Employment and Earnings. BLS has developed an extension of X-ll ARIMA to allow it to adjust more adequately for the effects of the presence or absence of religious holidays in the April survey reference period and of Labor Day in the September reference period. This extension was applied for the first time at the end of 1989 to three persons-at-work labor force series which tested as having significant and well-defined effects in their April data associated with the timing of Easter. This extension will also be used for the seasonal adjustment of many of the establishment-based series on average weekly hours, starting with the computation of the projected factors for the period beginning in April 1990. U S , DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Reaional Office * \ Cooperating State Agencies j Current Employment Statistics (CES) and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Programs ! | BIS Region ! BLS ! Region oq V ,, P Vc ^ t St V MINNESOT MISSOURI lr f ^ f 'rri-j' ( (- , t J w> » "jt- , r ,^ t .r r P > ' r .r ^ ! N I1-* ^ / r w "' 1 i V 1 L If - .l , t, ^ Pr - v (-C Ci v HI t " ; ' i r d ' v > u t i r "« B' * * ^c R . r i^n < 1 c iK , B T .t ! s i S A-5 P ^r r,[_' . i b e n •. 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