Full text of Employment and Earnings : March 1987
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EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
In this issue:
1986 annual averages for national
establishment survey data
March 1987
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
William E. Brock, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
Employment and Earnings is prepared in the Office of
Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by the Bureau of the Census (Department of
Commerce) and State employment security agencies, in
cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief
description of the cooperative statistical programs of the
BLS with these agencies is presented in the Explanatory
Notes. The State agencies are listed on the inside back
cover.
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Calendar of Features
In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment and Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.
Household data
Annual averages
Union affiliation
Revised seasonally adjusted series
Jan.
Jan.
Jan., Feb.
Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data, persons
not in labor force, persons of Hispanic origin,
Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans, family
relationship data, weekly earnings data, and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan and poverty-nonpoverty
area data
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.
Establishment data
National annual averages:
Communications on material in this publication should
be addressed to: Editors, Employment and Earnings,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C. 20212, or
phone: Gloria P. Green (202) 523-1959. Send correspondence on circulation and subscription matters (including address changes) to the Superintendent of
Documents.
Second-class postage paid at Washington, D . C , and at
additional mailing addresses.
Material in this publication is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without
permission.
Industry divisions (preliminary)
Jan.
Industry detail (final)
Mar.
Women employees (final)
Mar.
National data revised to reflect new benchmarks and new
seasonal adjustment factors
June
Revised historical national data
Supplement 1
State and area annual averages
May
Area definitions
May
ISSN 0013-6840
State and area labor force data
Annual averages
The latest supplement was published in June 1986.
May
Employment and Earnings
Vol. 34 No. 3 March 1987
Editors: Gloria Peterson Green, Rosalie K. Epstein
Contents
Page
List of statistical tables..
Employment and unemployment developments, February 1987
2
4
Statistical tables:
Not seasonally adjustedHousehold data.
Establishment data:
Employment . .
Hours and earnings
..
State and area labor force data.
9
44
79
113
Seasonally adjustedHousehold data.
Establishment data:
Employment ..
Hours and earnings
Productivity data
Explanatory notes .
36
56
101
109
119
MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD DATA
Page
Employment Status
AAAAAAA-
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
A- 8.
A- 9.
A-10.
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
Employment status of the noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1976 to date .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and r a c e . . . . . . . . . .
Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by
school enrollment, years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin.
Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age .
Employed and unemployed full-and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
Employment status of persons in families by family relationship .
6
7
8
9
12
13
14
16
17
18
Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-11.
A-12.
A-13.
A-14.
A-15.
A-16.
A-17.
A-18.
A-19.
A-20.
Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex.
Unemployed persons by occupation and sex .
Unemployed persons by industry and s e x . . .
....
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and race
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment.
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
...
...
Unemployed persons by sex, age, marital status, and duration of unemployment .
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment.
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used...
...
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used .
19
20
21
22
23
23
24
25
26
26
Characteristics of the Employed
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
A-25.
A-26.
A-27.
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.
Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex.
Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age .
Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex..
Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker .
Employed civilians by industry and occupation.
Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status .
Persons at work by hours of work and type of industry
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of industry,
and usual status
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class pf worker and full- or part-time
status
..
..
Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and fullor part-time status
........
Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status .
27
28
29
30
31
31
32
32
33
34
35
Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data
A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
A-36.
A-37.
A-38.
A-39.
A-40.
A-41.
Employment status of the noninstitutional population, including Armed Forces stationed
in the United States, by sex, seasonally adjusted . . .
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age,
seasonally adjusted
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age,
and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted .
Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted .
Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally a d j u s t e d . . .
Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted .
Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted.
..........
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted .
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted .
36
37
38
39
40
40
41
41
42
42
MONTHLY ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Page
Employment—National
BBBB-
1.
2.
3.
4.
B- 5.
B- 6.
B- 7.
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, 1935 to date .
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
...
Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted .
...
Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
...
Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased, seasonally adjusted.
43
44
55
56
57
58
59
Employment—States and Areas
B- 8.
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
60
Hours and Earnings—National
C- 1.
C- 2.
C- 2a.
C- 3.
C- 4.
C- 5.
C- 6.
C- 7.
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date .
Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by detailed industry
Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing . .
...
....
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1977) dollars . . . . .
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted.
.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted .
The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or
nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted .
79
82
98
99
100
101
102
103
Hours and Earnings—States and Areas
C- 8.
Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and
selected areas .
104
PRODUCTIVITY DATA
C- 9.
C-10.
C-ll.
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry,
seasonally adjusted
...
..
Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted . . . .
Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation,
unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted annual rates .
109
no
Ill
MONTHLY STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
D- 1.
Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas .
113
Employment and Unemployment
Developments, February 1987
Employment continued to rise in February, and unemployment was at the same level for the third straight month. The
overall unemployment rate was 6.6 percent and the civilian
worker rate was 6.7 percent; both were half a percentage
point below year-earlier figures.
Nonagricultural payroll employment—as measured by the
monthly survey of establishments—rose by 335,000 in February, while civilian employment—as measured by the monthly
survey of households—was up by 370,000. Both employment
series have increased by nearly 1.2 million since last October.
Unemployment
The number of unemployed persons was unchanged in
February, remaining at a seasonally adjusted level of about
8.0 million. The jobless rate for civilian workers of 6.7 percent remained at its lowest point in nearly 7 years.
Jobless rates for most major labor force groups—adult men
(5.9 percent), adult women (5.8 percent), teenagers (18.0
percent), whites (5.7 percent), and blacks (14.3 percent)—
showed little or no movement from their January levels. The
unemployment rate for Hispanics, which is relatively volatile,
dropped to 9.6 percent. (See tables A-33 and A-34.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic
reasons—sometimes referred to as the partially unemployedincreased by 275,000 in February. Their total has generally
fluctuated in the 5.5 to 5.8 million range for the past 3 years.
(See table A-35.)
Civilian employment and the labor force
Civilian employment rose by 370,000 in February, after
seasonal adjustment, following a similar increase in the prior
month, as the proportion of the civilian population that is
employed edged up to a new high of 61.2 percent. The gain
was concentrated among married women, whose employment rose by 290,000. (See tables A-33 and A-35.)
The civilian labor force continued to expand, rising by
315,000 to a seasonally adjusted level of 119.3 million. The
labor force participation rate rose to 65.6 percent, also a new
high. Over the year, the labor force was up by 2.2 million,
with adult women accounting for nearly 3 out of every 5
added members.
Industry payroll employment
Total nonagricultural payroll employment rose by 335,000
in February, reaching a seasonally adjusted level of nearly
102 million. There have been increases of at least 240,000
in each of the last 6 months, with the largest in January and
February. As in previous months, the February gain occurred largely in the service-producing sector, reflecting increases in the services and retail trade industries, the latter
particularly in general merchandise stores. The finance, insurance, and real estate industry also experienced an employment increase. (See table B-4.)
Manufacturing employment rose by 50,000, due in large
part to the return of workers after settlement of labor disputes
in the steel and machinery industries. While there was a small
rebound in motor vehicles and equipment, most other factory payrolls, both in durables and nondurables, were little
changed.
Employment in the other goods-producing industries was
essentially unchanged. Mining remained at a very low level,
and the construction industry, which had risen markedly in
January after seasonal adjustment, was unchanged in February.
Weekly hours
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls expanded by 0.2
hour to 35.0 hours, seasonally adjusted. Weekly hours in
manufacturing rose 0.3 hour to 41.2. This was the longest
factory workweek since November 1966. (See table C-5.)
As a result of the increase in both employment and hours
of work, the index of aggregate weekly hours of production
or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls rose by 1.1 percent to 121.1 (1977 = 100), seasonally
adjusted. The manufacturing index rose by almost the same
magnitude to 94.5. (See table C-6.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings rose 0.5 percent in February,
after allowance for seasonality, while weekly earnings increased 1.0 percent. Prior to seasonal adjustment, hourly
earnings rose by 2 cents to $8.89 and weekly earnings were
up $2.46 to $307.59. Over the year, hourly earnings rose
15 cents and weekly earnings were up $6.93. (See tables C-l
and C-7.)
The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 171.4 (1977 = 100)
in February, seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.5 percent
from January. For the 12 months ended in February, the increase was 1.9 percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two
types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate
movements—fluctuations in manufacturing overtime and
interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI increased 0.9 percent during the
12-month period ended in January. (See table C-7.)
Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month
Release date
Reference month
Release date
March
April 3
June
July 2
April
May 8
July
August 7
May
June 5
August
September 4
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1.
Employment status of the nonlnstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Year
and
month
Noninstitutional
population
Unemployed
Employed
Number
Percent
of
population
Total
Resident
Armed
Forces
Civilian
Total
Agriculture
Nonagriculturai
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
Annual averages
19531
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
109,287
110,463
111,747
112,919
114,213
115,574
117,117
65,246
65,785
67,087
68,517
68,877
69,486
70,157
59.7
59.6
60.0
60.7
60.3
60.1
59.9
63,410
62,251
64,234
65,764
66,019
64,883
66,418
2,231
2,142
2,064
1,965
1,948
1,847
1,788
61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630
6,260
6,205
6,450
6,283
5,947
5,586
5,565
54,919
53,904
55,722
57,514
58,123
57,450
59,065
1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740
2.8
5.4
4.3
4.0
4.2
6.6
5.3
44,041
44,678
44,660
44,402
45,336
46,088
46,960
I960 1
1961
19621
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
119,106
120,671
122,214
124.422
126,503
128,459
130,180
132,092
134,281
136,573
71,489
72,359
72,675
73,839
75.109
76,401
77,892
79,565
80,990
82,972
60.0
60.0
59.5
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.8
60.2
60.3
60.8
67,639
67,646
68,763
69,768
71,323
73,034
75,017
76,590
78,173
80,140
1,861
1,900
2,061
2,006
2,018
1,946
2,122
2,218
2,253
2,238
65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902
5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606
60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296
3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832
5.4
6.5
5.4
5.5
5.0
4.4
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.4
47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602
1970
1971
19721
19731
1974
1975
1976
1977
19781
1979
139,203
142,189
145,939
148,870
151,841
154,831
157,818
160,689
163,541
166,460
84,889
86,355
88,847
91,203
93,670
95,453
97,826
100,665
103,882
106,559
61.0
60.7
60.9
61.3
61.7
61.6
62.0
62.6
63.5
64.0
80,796
81,340
83,966
86,838
88,515
87,524
90,420
93,673
97,679
100,421
2,118
1,973
1,813
1,774
1,721
1,678
1,668
1,656
1,631
1,597
78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824
3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347
75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477
4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137
4.8
5.8
5.5
4.8
5.5
8.3
7.6
6.9
6.0
5.8
54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
169,349
171,775
173,939
175,891
178,080
179,912
182,293
108,544
110,315
111,872
113,226
115,241
117,167
119,540
64.1
64.2
64.3
64.4
64.7
65.1
65.6
100,907
102,042
101,194
102,510
106,702
108,856
111,303
1,604
1,645
1,668
1,676
1,697
1,706
1,706
99,303
100,397
3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
95,938
101,685
103,971
106,434
7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7.0
7.5
9.5
9.5
7.4
7.1
6.9
60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
7.1
7.0
7.0
7.1
7.0
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
97,030
96,125
97,450
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
February...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November
December
181,512
181,678
181,843
181,998
182,183
182,354
182,525
182,713
182,935
183,114
183,297
118,733
118,880
118,987
119,274
119,685
119,789
119,821
119,988
120,163
120,426
120,336
65.4
65.4
65.4
65.5
65.7
65.7
65.6
65.7
65.7
65.8
65.7
110,248
110,500
110,664
110,852
111,293
111,559
111,764
111,703
111,941
112,183
112,387
1,691
1,693
1,695
1,687
1,680
1,672
1,697
1,716
1,749
1,751
1,750
108,557
108,807
108,969
109,165
109,613
109,887
110,067
109,987
110,192
110,432
110,637
3,105
3,252
3,199
3,151
3,164
3,124
3,057
3,142
3,162
3,215
3,161
105,452
105,555
105,770
106,014
106,449
106,763
107,010
106,845
107,030
107,217
107,476
8,485
8,380
8,323
8,422
8,392
8,230
8,057
8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949
e.9
6.7
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6
62,779
62,798
62,856
62,724
62,498
62,565
62,704
62,725
62,772
62,688
62,961
1987:
January ....
February...
183,575
183,738
120,782
121,089
65.8
65.9
112,759
113,122
1,748
1,740
111,011
111,382
3,145
3,236
107,866
108,146
8,023
7,967
6.6
6.6
62,793
62,649
1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation.
NOTE: Seasonally adjusted household survey data shown in tables A1,2,3 and 32-53 have been revised based on the experience through
December 1986. Data for 1982-86 are subject to revision.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the noninstltutlonal population 16 years and over by sex, 1976 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Labor force
Sex, year,
and month
Noninstitutional
population
Employed
Number
Percent
of
population
Total
Resident
Armed
Forces
Unemployed
Civilian
Total
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
Annual averages
MEN
1976
1977
19781
1979
75,341
76,756
78,107
79,509
58,756
59,959
61,151
62,215
78.0
78.1
78.3
78.2
54,720
56,291
58,010
59,096
1,582
1,563
1,531
1,489
53,138
54,728
56,479
57,607
2,744
2,671
2,718
2,686
50,394
52,057
53,761
54,921
4,036
3,667
3,142
3,120
6.1
5.1
5.0
16,585
16,797
16,956
17,293
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
80,877
82,023
83,052
84,064
85,156
86,025
87,349
62,932
63,486
63,979
64,580
65,386
65,967
66,973
77.8
77.4
77.0
76.8
76.8
76.7
76.7
58,665
58,909
57,800
58,320
60,642
61,447
62,443
1,479
1,512
1,529
1,533
1,551
1,556
1,551
57,186
57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892
2,709
2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511
54,477
54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381
4,267
4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530
7.2
9.7
9.7
7.3
6.9
6.8
17,945
18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376
58,137
58,060
58,140
58,158
58,252
58,398
58,545
58,473
58,462
58,735
58,904
4,595
4,572
4,517
4,653
4,619
4,566
4,428
4,600
4,565
4,574
4,439
6.9
6.8
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.8
6.6
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.6
20,217
20,242
20,350
20,341
20,351
20,405
20,549
20,428
20,552
20,366
20,443
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
February...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November
December
1987:
January ....
February...
86,954
87,035
87,120
87,195
87,288
87,373
87,460
87,556
87,682
87,773
87,868
66,737
66,793
66,770
66,854
66,937
66,968
66,911
67,128
67,130
67,407
67,425
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.7
76.7
76.6
76.5
76.7
76.6
76.8
76.7
62,142
62,221
62,253
62,201
62,318
62,402
62,483
62,528
62,565
62,833
62,986
1,539
1,540
1,541
1,533
1,525
1,518
1,541
1,560
1,590
1,592
1,593
60,793
60,884
60,942
60,968
60,975
61,241
61,393
2,466
2,621
2,572
2,510
2,541
2,486
2,397
2,495
2,513
2,506
2,489
88,020
67,672
67,764
76.9
76.9
63,187
63,335
1,591
1,584
61,596
61,751
2,474
2,544
59,123
59,207
4,484
4,429
6.6
6.5
20,348
20,335
60,603
60,681
60,712
Annual averages
WOMEN
1976
1977
19781
1979
82,476
83,932
85,434
86,951
39,069
40,705
42,731
44,343
47.4
48.5
50.0
51.0
35,701
37,381
39,669
41,325
86
92
100
108
35,615
37,289
39,569
41,217
588
612
669
661
35,027
36,677
38,900
40,556
3,369
3,324
3,061
3,018
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8
43,406
43,227
42,703
42,608
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
88,472
89,751
90,887
91,827
92,924
93,886
94,944
45,611
46,829
47,894
48,646
49,855
51,200
52,568
51.6
52.2
52.7
53.0
53.7
54.5
55.4
42,241
43,133
43,395
44,190
46,061
47,409
48,861
124
133
139
143
146
150
155
42,117
43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706
656
667
665
680
653
644
652
41,461
42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054
3,370
3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707
7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
42,861
42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September..
October
November...
December...
94,558
94,643
94,723
94,803
94,895
94,981
95,065
95,156
95,253
95,341
95,429
51,996
52,087
52,217
52,420
52,748
52,821
52,910
52,860
53,033
53,019
52,911
55.0
55.0
55.1
55.3
55.6
55.6
55.7
55.6
55.7
55.6
55.4
48,106
48,279
48,411
48,651
48,975
49,157
49,281
49,175
49,376
49,350
49,401
152
153
154
154
155
154
156
156
159
159
157
47,954
48,126
48,257
48,497
48,820
49,003
49,125
49,019
49,217
49,191
49,244
639
631
627
641
623
638
660
647
649
709
672
47,315
47,495
47,630
47,856
48,197
48,365
48,465
48,372
48,568
48,482
48,572
3,890
3,808
3,806
3,769
3,773
3,664
3,629
3,685
3,657
3,669
3,510
7.5
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.2
6.9
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.6
42,562
42.556
42,506
42,383
42,147
42,160
42,155
42,296
42,220
42,322
42,518
1987:
January
February
95,556
95,639
53,110
53,325
55.6
55.8
49,572
49,787
157
156
49,415
49,631
671
692
48,744
48,939
3,538
3,538
6.7
6.6
42,446
42,314
1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes.
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-3.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1953 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Year
and
month
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Total
Percent of
population
Employed
Unemployment rates
Unemployed
Total
Men
Women
Annual averages
19531
1954.
1955.
1956.
1957.
1958.
1959.
107,056
108,321
109,683
110,954
112,265
113,727
115,329
63,015
63,643
65,023
66,552
66,929
67,639
68,369
58.9
58.8
59.3
60.0
59.6
59.5
59.3
61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630
1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740
2.9
5.5
4.4
4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5
2.8
5.3
4.2
3.8
4.1
6.8
5.2
3.3
6.0
4.9
4.8
4.7
6.8
5.9
I9601
1961 .
19621
1963.
1964.
1965.
1966.
1967.
1968.
1969.
117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335
69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734
59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1
65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902
3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832
5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5
5.4
6.4
5.2
5.2
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8
5.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
6.2
5.5
4.8
5.2
4.8
4.7
1970.
1971 .
19721
19731
1974.
1975.
1976,
1977
19781
1979
137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863
82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962
60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7
78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824
4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137
4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8
4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1
5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
19861
167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9
7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
1986:
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November.
December.
179,821
179,985
180,148
180,311
180,503
180,682
180,828
180,997
181,186
181,363
181,547
117,042
117,187
117,292
117,587
118,005
118,117
118,124
118,272
118,414
118,675
118,586
65.1
65.1
65.1
65.2
65.4
65.4
65.3
65.3
65.4
65.4
65.3
108,557
108,807
108,969
109,165
109,613
109,887
110,067
109,987
110,192
110,432
110,637
8,485
8,380
8,323
8,422
8,392
8,230
8,057
8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949
7.2
7.2
7.1
7.2
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7
7.0
7.0
6.9
7.1
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.7
7.5
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.2
7.0
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7
1987:
January
February ...
181,827
181,998
119,034
119,349
65.5
65.6
111,011
111,382
8,023
7,967
6.7
6.7
6.8
6.7
6.7
6.7
1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.
Employment status of the civilian noninstftutlonal population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
February 1987
Not in labor force
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Unemployed
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Total
181,998
14,546
7,467
7,079
19,194
98,447
42,159
21,453
20,705
33,322
18,437
14,664
22,967
12,116
10,851
21,934
11,116
10,819
27,875
9,645
7,521
10,709
Going
to
school
Percent
of
population
Employed
117,967
7,271
2,959
4,312
14,967
81,082
34,962
17,904
17,057
28,104
15,525
12,579
18,017
9,849
8,168
11,724
7,113
4,611
2,923
1,777
717
429
64.8
50.0
39.6
60.9
78.0
82.4
82.9
83.5
82.4
84.3
84.2
84.5
78.4
81.3
75.3
53.4
64.0
42.6
10.5
18.4
9.5
4.0
109,464
5,875
2,341
3,535
13,240
76,202
32,425
16,514
15,911
26,644
14,670
11,974
17,133
9,366
7,766
11,306
6,850
4,456
2,840
1,727
695
418
8,503
1,396
619
111
1,726
4,881
2,537
1,390
1,147
1,460
855
605
884
481
402
417
263
155
83
50
22
11
7.2
19.2
20.9
18.0
11.5
6.0
7.3
7.8
6.7
5.2
5.5
4.8
4.9
4.9
4.9
3.6
3.7
3.4
2.8
2.8
3.1
2.6
64,031
7,275
4,508
2,767
4,228
17,366
7,197
3,549
3,648
5,218
2,913
2,305
4,950
2,268
2,682
10,211
4,003
6,208
24,952
7,868
6,804
10,280
29,235
429
97
332
1,540
12,349
5,146
2,401
2,746
3,807
2,103
1,674
3,396
1,584
1,812
5,281
2,330
2,951
9,636
3,148
2,587
3,901
9,750
6,471
4,276
2,195
2,031
1,211
835
548
287
297
209
87
79
58
22
26
16
10
12
5
2
5
2,800
20
4
16
72
907
240
107
133
282
124
158
385
163
222
706
353
353
1,095
250
228
618
22,245
355
132
223
585
2,898
976
493
482
832
446
386
1,090
464
626
4,198
1,304
2,894
14,209
4,466
3,985
5,758
86,515
7,299
3,810
3,488
9,303
48,082
20,698
10,526
10,172
16,268
9,030
7,238
11,116
5,881
5,235
10,317
5,284
5,033
11,513
4,366
3,214
3,933
65,314
3,766
1,544
2,222
7,828
45,044
19,516
9,862
9,654
15,415
8,582
6,833
10,113
5,473
4,640
6,915
4,179
2,736
1,761
1,061
438
262
75.5
51.6
40.5
63.7
84.1
93.7
94.3
93.7
94.9
94.8
95.0
94.4
91.0
93.1
88.6
67.0
79.1
54.4
15.3
24.3
13.6
6.7
60,337
2,981
1,196
1,785
6,807
42,208
18,052
9,074
8,978
14,588
8,093
6,495
9,568
5,195
4,373
6,639
4,000
2,639
1,702
1,025
423
253
4,976
784
348
437
1,021
2,836
1,465
788
676
827
489
338
545
277
267
276
179
97
59
36
15
9
7.6
20.8
22.5
19.7
13.0
6.3
7.5
8.0
7.0
5.4
5.7
4.9
5.4
5.1
5.8
4.0
4.3
3.5
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.5
21,201
3,533
2,267
1,267
1,475
3,039
1,182
664
518
853
448
405
1,003
408
595
3,402
1,105
2,297
9,752
3,305
2,776
3,671
509
15
7
7
20
173
49
28
22
68
52
16
57
21
35
114
42
72
187
37
35
115
4,953
3,311
2,182
1,128
1,076
551
424
296
128
105
69
35
22
16
6
10
5
5
5
1
1
3
1,537
13
2
11
51
578
143
54
89
183
80
103
252
100
152
445
215
230
449
137
99
213
14,203
195
75
120
327
1,736
566
286
279
498
247
251
672
271
401
2,833
843
1,990
9,112
3,131
2,640
3,341
95,483
7,247
3,656
3,590
9,892
50,365
21,460
10,927
10,533
17,054
9,407
7,646
11,851
6,235
5,616
11,617
5,832
5,786
16,362
5,279
4,307
6,776
52,653
3,505
1,415
2,090
7,139
36,038
15,446
8,042
7,403
12,689
6,943
5,746
7,904
4,376
3,528
4,809
2,934
1,875
55.1
48.4
38.7
58.2
72.2
71.6
72.0
73.6
70.3
74.4
73.8
75.1
66.7
70.2
62.8
41.4
50.3
32.4
7.1
13.6
6.5
2.5
49,126
2,894
1,144
1,750
6,433
33,994
14,373
7,440
6,933
12,056
6,577
5,479
7,565
4,171
3,393
4,667
2,850
1,817
1,138
702
272
165
3,527
611
271
340
706
2,045
1,072
602
471
633
366
267
339
204
135
142
84
58
24
14
7
2
6.7
17.4
19.1
16.3
9.9
5.7
6.9
7.5
6.4
5.0
5.3
4.7
4.3
4.7
3.8
2.9
2.9
3.1
2.0
2.0
2.5
1.4
42,830
3,741
2,241
1,500
2,753
14,327
6,015
2,885
3,130
4,365
2,465
1,900
3,947
1,860
2,087
6,808
2,898
3,911
15,200
4,563
4,028
6,609
28,726
414
89
325
1,520
12,176
5,097
2,373
2,724
3,739
2,081
1,658
3,340
1,563
1,777
5,167
2,288
2,879
9,450
3,111
2,552
3,786
4,798
3,160
2,093
1,067
954
660
411
252
159
192
140
52
57
42
16
17
11
5
7
4
1
2
1,264
7
1
5
20
329
97
53
44
99
44
55
133
63
70
260
138
123
647
113
129
405
8,043
160
57
103
258
1,162
411
207
203
334
199
135
417
193
225
1,365
460
904
5,098
1,335
1,345
2,417
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL
Keeping
house
Unable
to
work
Other
reasons
TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
1,162
716
279
167
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian nonlnstltutlonal population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
February 1987
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Not in labor force
Unemployed
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Total
156,431
11,910
6,107
5,803
16,017
84,051
35,564
18,047
17,517
28,698
15,780
12,918
19,789
10,411
9,378
19,339
9,738
9,601
25,115
8,629
6,780
9,705
Percent
of
population
Employed
101,809
6,330
2,628
3,702
12,808
69,601
29,716
15,260
14,456
24,307
13,351
10,956
15,578
8,464
7,114
10,423
6,288
4,135
2,647
1,599
654
394
65.1
53.2
43.0
63.8
80.0
82.8
83.6
84.6
82.5
84.7
84.6
84.8
78.7
81.3
75.9
53.9
64.6
43.1
10.5
18.5
9.6
4.1
95,377
5,261
2,134
3,127
11,551
65,899
27,843
14,217
13,625
23,163
12,701
10,462
14,893
8,092
6,801
10,085
6,074
4,011
2,580
1,561
637
383
6,432
1,070
495
575
1,257
3,702
1,873
1,043
829
1,144
651
493
685
372
313
337
214
124
66
38
18
10
6.3
16.9
18.8
15.5
9.8
5.3
6.3
6.8
5.7
4.7
8.0
4.5
4.4
4.4
5.2
3.2
3.4
3.0
2.5
2.4
2.8
2.5
54,622
5,579
3,478
2,101
3,209
14,450
5,848
2,786
3,062
4,391
2,428
1,962
4,211
1,947
2,264
8,916
3,450
5,466
22,468
7,031
6,125
9,312
25,597
332
81
251
1,206
10,635
4,369
1,991
2,378
3,324
1,848
1,474
2,942
1,402
1,589
4,671
2,030
2,642
8,753
2,836
2,340
3,576
74,914
5,991
3,122
2,870
7,832
41,552
17,704
8,967
8,736
14,165
7,810
6,355
9,683
5,111
4,572
9,143
4,663
4,480
10,397
3,929
2,910
3,557
57,131
3,291
1,378
1,914
6,735
39,283
16,865
8,509
8,356
13,551
7,495
6,056
8,866
4,785
4,081
6,211
3,733
2,477
1,611
963
403
246
76.3
54.9
44.1
66.7
86.0
94.5
95.3
94.9
95.6
95.7
96.0
95.3
91.6
93.6
89.3
67.9
80.1
55.3
15.5
24.5
13.8
6.9
53,210
2,670
1,083
1,587
5,945
37,050
15,732
7,889
7,842
12,896
7,120
5,777
8,422
4,550
3,872
5,985
3,586
2,399
1,560
934
390
236
3,921
621
295
326
790
2,233
1,133
620
513
655
376
279
444
235
209
225
147
78
52
29
14
9
6.9
18.9
21.4
17.1
11.7
5.7
6.7
7.3
6.1
4.8
5.0
4.6
5.0
4.9
5.1
3.6
3.9
3.2
3.2
3.0
3.5
3.8
17,783
2,700
1,744
956
1,097
2,269
839
458
381
614
314
299
817
326
491
2,932
929
2,003
8,785
2,967
2,506
3,312
81,517
5,919
2,985
2,934
8,185
42,499
17,860
9,080
8,781
14,533
7,970
6,563
10,106
5,300
4,806
10,196
5,075
5,121
14,718
4,700
3,870
6,148
44,678
3,039
1,251
1,788
6,073
30,318
12,851
6,751
6,100
10,755
5,856
4,900
6,712
3,679
3,033
4,212
2,555
1,658
1,035
636
251
148
54.8
51.3
41.9
61.0
74.2
71.3
72.0
74.4
69.5
74.0
73.5
74.7
66.4
69.4
63.1
41.3
50.3
32.4
7.0
13.5
6.5
2.4
42,167
2,590
1,051
1,540
5,607
28,849
12,111
6,328
5,783
10,266
5,581
4,685
6,471
3,542
2,929
4,100
2,488
1,612
1,021
627
247
147
2,511
449
200
249
466
1,469
740
423
316
489
275
214
241
137
104
112
67
46
14
9
4
1
5.6
14.8
16.0
13.9
7.7
4.8
5.8
6.3
5.2
4.5
4.7
4.4
3.6
3.7
3.4
2.7
2.6
2.8
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.0
36,840
2,880
1,734
1,145
2,112
12,181
5,009
2,328
2,681
3,777
2,114
1,663
3,395
1,621
1,773
5,984
2,520
3,463
13,683
4,064
3,619
6,000
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL
Going
to
school
Unable
to
work
Other
reasons
7,474
4,961
3,291
1,670
1,574
904
609
402
207
224
153
70
73
54
19
23
14
10
11
4
3
4
2,201
19
4
15
43
674
181
78
103
207
89
118
285
114
170
577
297
279
889
176
183
530
19,350
268
103
165
386
2,237
689
317
373
635
331
305
912
383
529
3,645
1,109
2,535
12,815
4,014
3,600
5,201
362
9
2
8
10
108
24
10
15
43
33
10
41
19
22
72
23
49
163
32
20
110
3,770
2,538
1,678
859
834
385
308
225
83
58
37
21
20
14
6
7
3
5
5
1
1
3
1,219
13
2
10
33
443
117
46
71
130
54
75
196
73
123
366
180
186
365
98
79
188
12,432
141
62
79
220
1,332
389
178
212
383
190
193
560
220
340
2,487
724
1,763
8,252
2,835
2,406
3,011
25,235
323
80
243
1,196
10,527
4,344
1,981
2,363
3,281
1,822
1,459
2,901
1,377
1,524
4,600
2,007
2,592
8,590
2,804
2,320
3,466
3,704
2,423
1,613
811
740
519
301
177
124
166
116
49
53
40
13
16
11
5
6
3
2
1
982
6
1
5
11
231
64
32
32
78
35
43
89
41
47
211
117
94
524
78
104
342
6,918
127
41
87
165
905
300
139
161
253
141
112
352
163
189
1,158
385
773
4,563
1,179
1,194
2,190
Keeping
house
WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
!
If An
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
10
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
February 1987
Not in labor force
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Unemployed
Total
Percent
of
population
Employed
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL
Keeping
house
Going
to
school
Unable
to
work
Other
reasons
BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over
20,218
2,148
1,110
1,038
2,597
11,050
5,101
2,652
2,449
3,508
2,023
1,485
2,441
1,290
1,151
2,091
1,098
993
2,332
850
1,482
12,696
778
259
519
1,795
8,870
4,126
2,087
2,038
2,891
1,689
1,202
1,853
1,045
808
1,030
642
387
223
142
81
62.8
36.2
23.3
50.0
69.1
80.3
80.9
78.7
83.2
82.4
83.5
80.9
75.9
81.0
70.2
49.2
58.5
39.0
9.6
16.7
5.5
10,872
488
150
338
1,352
7,855
3,542
1,770
1,772
2,640
1,509
1,131
1,673
947
726
972
608
364
205
130
76
1,824
290
109
181
443
1,016
584
318
266
251
181
71
180
97
82
58
34
23
18
13
5
14.4
37.2
42.0
34.9
24.7
11.5
14.2
15.2
13.1
8.7
10.7
5.9
9.7
9.3
10.1
5.6
5.3
6.1
8.1
9.2
6.2
7,522
1,370
852
518
802
2,179
975
564
411
616
333
283
588
245
343
1,062
456
606
2,109
708
1,401
2,859
88
12
76
289
1,238
554
297
257
337
178
159
347
141
207
491
240
251
753
265
488
1,682
1,201
816
386
310
171
127
86
41
40
29
12
4
2
3
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over....
65 to 69 years
70 years and over .
9,064
1,055
558
496
1,182
4,948
2,302
1,198
1,104
1,562
901
661
1,084
573
511
941
496
444
939
369
570
6,315
388
129
258
906
4,347
2,047
1,036
1,011
1,369
800
568
932
509
423
548
345
203
125
79
45
69.7
36.8
23.2
52.1
76.7
87.9
89.0
86.5
91.6
87.6
88.8
86.0
86.0
88.8
82.7
58.3
69.5
45.8
13.3
21.5
7.9
5,405
239
78
161
698
3,845
1,763
886
877
1,236
702
534
846
475
371
508
318
190
116
72
45
909
148
51
97
208
504
285
150
134
133
99
34
86
34
52
41
27
14
8
8
1
14.4
38.3
39.7
37.6
23.0
11.6
13.9
14.5
13.3
9.7
12.3
6.0
9.2
6.6
12.4
7.4
7.8
6.7
6.7
9.7
(1)
2,750
667
429
238
276
599
254
161
93
193
100
93
152
64
88
392
151
241
815
290
525
127
2
2
-1
5
63
24
17
7
25
19
6
14
3
12
37
16
21
20
5
15
850
615
417
199
158
77
52
37
16
23
16
8
2
2
278
-
11,154
1,093
552
542
1,415
6,102
2,799
1,454
1,345
1,946
1,122
824
1,357
717
640
1,150
601
549
1,393
481
912
6,381
390
129
261
889
4,523
2,079
1,051
1,027
1,523
889
634
921
536
385
481
297
184
99
63
36
57.2
35.7
23.4
48.2
62.8
74.1
74.2
72.3
76.4
78.3
79.3
76.9
67.9
74.7
60.2
41.8
49.4
33.5
7.1
13.1
3.9
5,467
249
72
177
654
4,010
1,779
884
895
1,404
807
597
827
472
355
464
290
174
89
58
31
915
141
57
84
235
512
300
168
132
119
82
37
94
63
30
17
7
10
10
5
4
14.3
36.2
44.3
32.2
26.4
11.3
14.4
15.9
12.9
7.8
9.2
5.8
10.2
11.8
7.8
3.6
2.5
5.3
9.8
(1)
4,772
703
422
281
526
1,580
721
403
318
423
233
190
436
181
255
669
304
365
1,294
418
876
2,733
86
10
77
284
1,175
530
280
250
312
159
153
333
138
195
454
224
230
733
260
473
832
586
399
187
152
94
75
49
25
17
13
4
2
258
1
537
1
1
27
205
54
29
25
67
29
39
84
36
47
116
50
65
188
65
123
19
111
22
7
15
46
20
27
43
18
24
71
31
39
77
34
43
2,442
79
24
55
176
564
240
152
87
171
97
73
153
66
86
455
166
290
1,168
378
790
1,493
49
10
39
94
347
155
100
55
98
46
52
94
41
52
285
104
181
718
251
467
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 years and over ..
O
3
1
8
94
32
22
10
21
9
12
41
18
23
45
19
26
111
31
80
949
30
14
16
82
217
85
52
32
73
51
21
59
25
34
170
61
109
450
127
323
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
11
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5. Employment status of the black-and-other civilian noninstitutional population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
February 1987
Civilian labor force
Age and sex
Employed
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Total
25,567
2,636
1,360
1,275
3,178
14,397
6,595
3,407
3,188
4,624
2,657
1,967
3,178
1,705
1,473
2,596
1,378
1,218
2,761
1,016
741
1,004
16,158
941
331
610
2,159
11,482
5,246
2,644
1,372
3,797
2,174
1,623
2,439
1,384
1,054
1,301
825
476
276
178
63
35
63.2
35.7
24.3
47.8
67.9
79.8
79.5
77.6
43.0
82.1
81.8
82.5
76.7
81.2
71.6
50.1
59.9
39.1
10.0
17.5
8.5
3.5
14,087
615
207
408
1,689
10,303
4,582
2,298
2,284
3,482
1,970
1,512
2,240
1,275
965
1,221
776
445
259
166
59
34
153
4
1
3
15
91
35
15
20
33
12
21
23
6
18
27
13
13
16
5
10
1
13,934
610
205
405
1,674
10,211
4,547
2,282
2,264
3,449
1,958
1,491
2,216
1,269
947
1,194
762
432
243
161
48
33
2,071
326
124
202
470
1,179
664
346
317
315
204
111
199
110
89
80
49
31
17
12
4
1
12.8
34.7
37.5
33.1
21.8
10.3
12.7
13.1
23.1
8.3
9.4
6.8
8.2
7.9
8.4
6.1
6.0
6.4
6.1
6.7
9,409
1,695
1,029
666
1,019
2,915
1,349
763
587
827
484
343
739
320
418
1,295
553
742
2,484
838
677
969
11,601
1,308
689
619
1,471
6,531
2,995
1,559
1,436
2,103
1,220
863
1,433
770
663
1,175
622
553
1,117
437
304
376
8,183
474
166
308
1,093
5,761
2,651
1,353
1,298
1,863
1,087
1,247
687
559
704
446
259
150
98
35
16
70.5
36.3
24.1
49.8
74.3
88.2
88.5
86.8
90.4
88.6
89.0
68.0
87.0
89.3
84.3
60.0
71.7
46.8
13.4
22.5
11.5
4.3
7,127
311
113
198
863
5,158
2,320
1,185
1,135
1,692
974
719
1,146
645
501
654
414
240
142
91
35
16
131
4
1
3
12
77
28
13
15
29
11
18
20
5
15
24
11
13
14
5
8
1
6,996
307
112
195
850
5,081
2,292
1,172
1,120
1,663
963
701
1,126
640
486
630
403
227
128
86
26
15
1,055
163
53
110
230
603
331
168
163
171
113
58
101
43
58
50
32
19
8
7
1
12.9
34.5
32.1
35.8
21.1
10.5
12.5
12.4
12.6
9.2
10.4
7.5
8.1
6.2
10.4
7.2
7.2
7.2
5.1
7.1
3,418
833
523
311
378
769
343
206
138
240
134
106
186
82
104
470
176
294
967
339
268
360
13,966
1,328
671
657
1,706
7,866
3,600
1,848
1,752
2,521
1,437
1,084
1,745
935
810
1,421
757
665
1,644
579
437
628
7,976
466
165
302
1,066
5,721
2,594
1,291
1,303
1,934
1,087
846
1,192
697
495
597
379
217
127
80
28
19
57.1
35.1
24.5
45.9
62.5
72.7
72.1
69.9
74.4
76.7
75.6
78.1
68.3
74.5
61.2
42.0
50.1
32.7
7.7
13.8
6.4
3.0
6,960
304
94
210
826
5,145
2,262
1,113
1,149
1,790
996
793
1,094
630
464
567
362
205
117
75
24
18
22
6,937
304
94
210
824
5,130
2,255
1,110
1,144
1,785
995
790
1,090
629
461
565
360
205
115
75
22
18
1,016
162
71
92
239
576
333
178
154
144
91
53
99
67
31
30
17
12
9
5
3
1
12.7
34.8
43.0
30.4
22.5
10.1
12.8
13.8
11.8
7.4
8.4
6.3
8.3
9.7
6.3
4.9
4.6
5.6
7.4
6.3
5,990
862
507
355
641
2,146
1,006
557
449
588
350
237
553
238
314
825
377
447
1,517
499
409
609
Percent
of
population
Total
Agriculture
Unemployed
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
in
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
12
3
14
7
2
5
4
1
3
3
1
3
3
3
2
2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over
Total
Employment status and
race
Women, 20 years and
over
Both sexes, 16 to 19
years
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
179,821
115,725
64.4
106,685
2,663
104,021
9,041
7.8
64,096
181,998
117,967
64.8
109,464
2,764
106,700
8,503
7.2
64,031
78,171
60,686
77.6
56,325
2,025
54,300
4,361
7.2
17,486
79,216
61,548
77.7
57,356
2,061
55,296
4,192
6.8
17,668
87,185
47,847
54.9
44,610
493
44,117
3,237
6.8
39,337
88,237
49,148
55.7
46,232
535
45,697
2,916
5.9
39,089
14,465
7,192
49.7
5,750
145
5,604
1,443
20.1
7,273
14,546
7,271
50.0
5,875
168
5,707
1,396
19.2
7,275
154,889
100,099
64.6
93,144
2,497
90,647
6,954
6.9
54,790
156,431
101,809
65.1
95,377
2,611
92,766
6,432
6.3
54,622
68,151
53,191
78.0
49,779
1,891
47,889
3,412
6.4
14,960
68,922
53,840
78.1
50,540
1,934
48,606
3,300
6.1
15,083
74,875
40,648
54.3
38,221
468
37,753
2,427
6.0
34,227
75,599
41,639
55.1
39,576
513
39,064
2,062
5.0
33,960
11,862
6,260
52.8
5,144
139
5,006
1,115
17.8
5,602
11,910
6,330
53.2
5,261
164
5,097
1,070
16.9
5,579
19,863
12,318
62.0
10,485
107
10,378
1,833
14.9
7,544
20,218
12,696
62.8
10,872
113
10,759
1,824
14.4
7,522
7,849
5,789
73.8
4,974
92
4,882
815
14.1
2,059
8,009
5,927
74.0
5,166
94
5,073
761
12.8
2,082
9,876
5,754
58.3
5,034
9
5,025
721
12.5
4,122
10,061
5,991
59.5
5,218
15
5,202
773
12.9
4,069
2,138
774
36.2
477
6
471
297
38.4
1,363
2,148
778
36.2
488
4
484
290
37.2
1,370
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
13
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian nonlnstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
February 1987
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent of
population
Total
Full
time1
Unemployed
Part
time1
Total
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
16.003
11,071
4.933
7.502
4,615
2,887
46.9
41.7
58.5
6,440
3,793
2.647
1.116
276
840
5.324
3,517
1.807
1.062
821
240
169
99
70
893
722
171
14.2
17.8
8.3
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
8,689
7,315
6,231
1,083
3,443
4,059
3,105
954
39.6
55.5
49.8
88.1
2,746
3,694
2,798
896
148
969
350
618
2,599
2.725
2,447
277
696
365
307
58
73
96
54
42
623
270
253
16
20.2
9.0
9.9
6.1
Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
8,130
5,644
2,486
3,770
2.355
1,415
46.4
41.7
56.9
3,183
1,900
1,283
584
154
429
2,599
1,746
854
587
455
132
97
59
38
490
396
94
15.6
19.3
9.3
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
4,579
3.551
3,027
524
1,859
1,911
1,436
475
40.6
53.8
47.4
90.6
1,459
1,724
1,285
440
81
503
194
309
1,378
1,221
1,090
131
400
187
151
35
50
47
24
23
350
140
128
12
21.5
9.8
10.5
7.4
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
7,874
5,427
2.447
3,731
2,259
1,472
47.4
41.6
60.2
3,257
1.893
1.363
533
122
411
2,724
1,771
953
475
366
108
72
40
32
403
326
76
12.7
16.2
7.4
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
4,110
3,764
3,205
559
1,583
2,148
1.669
479
38.5
57.1
52.1
85.7
1,287
1,969
1,513
456
67
466
156
310
1,220
1.504
1,357
147
296
179
156
23
23
49
31
19
273
130
125
4
18.7
8.3
9.3
4.7
13.145
9,059
4,086
6.586
4.087
2,499
50.1
45.1
61.2
5,762
3,446
2,316
966
242
724
4,796
3,204
1,592
824
641
183
108
67
41
717
574
143
12.5
15.7
7.3
Men
Women
6,701
6,445
3,340
3.246
49.8
50.4
2,862
2,900
506
460
2,356
2,439
478
347
67
41
411
306
14.3
10.7
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
6.976
6,170
5,230
940
3.027
3,559
2,723
836
43.4
57.7
52.1
88.9
2,494
3,268
2.476
793
132
834
298
536
2.362
2.434
2.177
257
533
291
248
43
43
65
34
31
490
226
213
13
17.6
8.2
9.1
5.2
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
2,154
1,586
568
673
411
262
31.3
25.9
46.1
463
253
210
106
27
79
356
225
131
211
159
52
54
28
26
156
131
26
31.3
38.6
19.7
Men
Women
1,062
1.092
313
361
29.4
33.0
211
251
58
48
153
203
101
109
25
29
76
80
32.4
30.3
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
1,389
764
667
98
333
340
262
79
24.0
44.5
39.2
80.4
188
274
210
64
14
92
39
53
174
182
171
11
145
66
51
15
28
27
15
12
117
39
36
3
43.4
19.4
19.6
18.8
1.281
920
361
532
311
221
41.5
33.8
61.1
431
233
198
108
21
87
323
212
111
100
78
22
22
14
8
78
64
14
18.9
25.1
10.2
Men
Women
618
663
266
266
43.0
40.1
202
229
48
60
154
169
64
36
19
3
45
34
24.0
13.7
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
779
503
355
148
236
296
178
118
30.3
58.8
50.1
79.8
166
265
154
111
16
92
35
57
150
173
119
54
70
30
24
7
7
15
11
4
63
16
13
3
29.6
10.3
13.4
5.6
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
See footnotes at end of table.
14
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employment status of the civilian nonlnstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, years of
school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
February 1987
Civilian labor force
Employment status, years of school
completed, race, and Hispanic origin
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent of
population
Total
Full
time1
Unemployed
Part
time1
Total
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
17,737
3,475
14,261
14,736
2,656
12,080
83.1
76.4
84.7
12,676
2,082
10,594
10,827
1,544
9,282
1,849
538
1,311
2,060
574
1,486
1,895
517
1,378
165
57
108
14.0
21.6
12.3
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
4,174
9,300
2,802
1,460
2,773
7,977
2,575
1,411
66.4
85.8
91.9
96.6
2,040
6,951
2,333
1,351
1,625
5,919
2,045
1,238
416
1,032
288
113
733
1,026
242
59
668
942
229
56
65
84
13
3
26.4
12.9
9.4
4.2
Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
8,472
1,655
6,817
7,823
1,410
6,413
92.3
85.2
94.1
6,605
1,081
5,524
5,892
839
5,054
713
242
470
1,218
329
889
1,169
309
860
49
20
29
15.6
23.3
13.9
2,215
4,380
1,198
679
1,854
4,140
1,167
663
83.7
94.5
97.4
97.6
1,376
3,556
1,041
632
1,155
3,198
946
594
221
358
95
39
478
584
126
30
455
559
124
30
23
25
2
25.8
14.1
10.8
4.6
9,264
1,820
7,445
6,913
1,246
5,667
74.6
68.5
76.1
6,071
1,001
5,070
4,934
706
4,229
1,137
296
841
842
245
597
726
208
518
116
37
79
12.2
19.7
10.5
1,959
4,920
1,604
781
919
3,837
1,409
748
46.9
78.0
87.8
95.7
665
3,395
1,292
719
470
2,722
1,099
644
195
674
193
75
255
442
117
29
212
382
106
26
42
59
11
3
27.7
11.5
8.3
3.9
14,781
2,850
11,931
12,552
2,243
10,309
84.9
78.7
86.4
11,051
1,815
9,235
9,550
1,377
8,174
1,500
438
1,062
1,502
428
1,074
1,387
386
1,001
115
43
72
12.0
19.1
10.4
Men
Women
7,122
7,659
6,687
5,866
93.9
76.6
5,753
5,298
5,220
4,330
533
967
934
568
896
491
38
77
14.0
9.7
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
3,297
7,808
2,339
1,337
2,282
6,794
2,184
1,293
69.2
87.0
93.4
96.7
1,744
6,042
2,012
1,253
1,416
5,204
1,777
1,153
327
838
235
100
538
752
172
40
500
685
165
37
38
67
7
3
23.6
11.1
7.9
3.1
2,591
562
2,029
1,900
366
1,533
73.3
65.2
75.6
1,378
236
1,142
1,068
144
924
310
92
218
522
131
391
480
120
360
42
11
31
27.5
35.7
25.5
Men
Women
1,175
1,417
981
918
83.5
64.8
726
652
567
501
159
151
255
267
250
230
5
36
26.0
29.0
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
788
1,327
387
89
441
1,044
328
87
56.0
78.7
84.8
97.0
254
797
259
68
172
623
215
58
82
174
44
10
187
247
69
19
164
234
63
19
23
12
6
42.5
23.6
21.0
21.9
1,959
404
1,555
1,471
255
1,216
75.1
63.1
78.2
1,239
191
1,048
1,065
148
917
174
43
131
232
64
168
228
62
166
15.8
25.1
13.8
1,033
926
946
524
91.6
56.6
795
443
722
343
73
101
151
81
150
78
16.0
15.5
968
746
189
56
659
587
176
50
68.1
78.7
92.7
530
506
155
48
451
444
128
42
79
62
27
6
129
81
21
1
128
78
21
1
19.6
13.7
11.9
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Men
Women
Less than 4 years of high school
4 years of high school
1 to 3 years of college
4 years of college or more
1
Employed persons with a job but not at work and persons at work part time are
distributed according to whether they usually work full or part time.
2
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and
i2)
college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.
15
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Total
Veteran status
and age
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Employed
Unemployed
Percent of
labor force
Number
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over
7,700
6,416
1,253
3,134
2,029
1,284
7,804
6,275
1,007
2,781
2,487
1,529
7,142
6,128
1,183
3,011
1,934
1,014
7,189
5,986
943
2,664
2,379
1,203
6,680
5,711
1,072
2,796
1,843
969
6,809
5,660
863
2,522
2,275
1,149
462
417
111
215
91
45
380
326
80
142
104
54
6.5
6.8
9.4
7.1
4.7
4.4
5.3
5.4
8.5
5.3
4.4
4.5
17,998
8,250
5,543
4,205
19,078
8,728
6,026
4,324
16,982
7,835
5,238
3,909
18,053
8,293
5,707
4,053
15,874
7,306
4,926
3,642
16,966
7,743
5,384
3,839
1,108
529
312
267
1,087
550
323
214
6.5
6.8
6.0
6.8
6.0
6.6
5.7
5.3
NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the
Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans
are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data
16
are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most closely
corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex, age, and race
(In thousands)
February 1987
Employed
Unemployed
Part time
Full time
Sex, age, and race
Total
Full-time
schedules1
Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
full time
Total
Voluntary1
Part time for
economic
reasons,
usually work
part time
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
89,922
1,821
213
1,608
88,102
10,122
77,979
67,136
10,843
87,978
1,688
202
1,487
86,290
9,801
76,488
65,881
10,607
1,944
133
11
121
1,812
321
1,491
1,255
236
19,541
4,054
2,128
1,927
15,486
3,119
12,369
9,066
3,303
15,902
3,703
2,063
1,640
12,199
2,406
9,794
6,893
2,901
3,639
351
65
287
3,287
713
2,575
2,173
402
6,912
616
99
517
6,296
1,448
4,848
4,446
402
1,591
780
520
260
812
279
533
435
98
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
53,910
993
52,916
5,483
47,433
40,481
6,952
52,702
923
51,779
5,275
46,504
39,691
6,813
1,208
70
1,137
208
929
790
139
6,428
1,988
4,440
1,324
3,115
1,726
1,388
5,040
1,821
3,219
1,009
2,209
977
1,232
1,388
167
1,221
315
906
749
156
4,299
368
3,930
897
3,033
2,744
289
678
416
261
123
138
92
45
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
36,013
827
35,186
4,640
30,547
26,656
3,891
35,276
765
34,511
4,527
29,985
26,190
3,795
737
62
675
113
562
466
96
13,114
2,066
11,046
1,794
9,252
7,339
1,914
10,863
1,882
8,980
1,397
7,583
5,915
1,669
2,251
184
2,066
397
1,669
1,424
245
2,613
248
2,366
550
1,815
1,702
113
913
363
550
155
395
343
52
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
47,614
901
46,713
4,824
41,888
35,610
6,279
46,617
846
45,771
4,656
41,115
34,951
6,164
997
55
942
168
773
659
115
5,596
1,769
3,827
1,120
2,707
1,441
1,266
4,490
1,644
2,846
885
1,961
815
1,147
1,106
125
981
235
746
626
119
3,354
277
3,077
686
2,393
2,155
237
567
344
223
105
118
78
40
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
,
20 years and over
,
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
30,469
717
29,752
4,073
25,680
22,256
3,423
29,842
662
29,180
3,977
25,203
21,861
3,341
627
55
572
96
477
395
82
11,697
1,873
9,825
1,534
8,290
6,593
1,698
9,883
1,717
8,166
1,223
6,943
5,442
1,501
1,814
156
1,659
311
1,347
1,151
197
1,804
176
1,629
356
1,272
1,189
82
707
273
433
110
324
280
44
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
4,780
80
4,701
546
4,156
3,637
519
4,604
66
4,538
513
4,026
3,529
497
176
14
163
33
130
108
22
626
160
466
152
315
210
105
396
126
270
82
189
115
74
230
34
196
70
126
95
31
810
81
729
194
535
491
44
99
67
32
14
18
12
6
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
,
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
4,331
92
4,240
458
3,781
3,417
364
4,244
85
4,159
442
3,717
3,362
355
87
7
81
16
64
55
1,136
157
978
197
781
592
189
749
132
617
116
501
349
152
387
25
361
81
280
243
37
740
67
673
192
481
462
19
175
74
101
42
59
51
8
White
Black
Employed persons with a job but not at work are distributed according
to whether they usually work full or part time.
17
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Employment status of persons In families by family relationship
(Numbers in thousands)
February 1987
Civilian labor force
Not in labor force
Unemployed
Family relationship
Total
Percent
of
population
Employed
Percent
of
Number
labor
force
Total
Keeping
house
Going Unable
Other
to
to
reasons
school work
Total, 16 years and over1
96,179
65.2
69,160
7,019
7.3 51,289
23,721
8,926
2,050
16,592
Husbands
With employed wife
With unemployed wife
With wife not in labor force
39,520
24,508
1,257
13,754
78.1
91.7
93.7
61.1
37,651
23,538
1,039
13,074
1,869
970
218
680
4.7 11,054
4.0 2,212
85
17.4
4.9 8,757
194
80
3
110
253
154
8
90
858
327
16
516
9,749
1,650
57
8,041
Wives
With employed husband
With unemployed husband
With husband not in labor force
28,062
24,577
1,188
2,297
55.5
65.3
63.6
20.8
26,720
23,538
970
2,212
1,342
1,039
218
85
4.8 22,511
4.2 13,074
18.4
680
3.7 8,757
18,775
11,729
599
6,447
388
331
17
39
324
129
14
182
3,024
885
49
2,090
Relatives in married-couple families
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
13,125
4,807
5,002
3,316
61.3
49.8
75.7
64.4
11,353
4,016
4,408
2,929
1,772
791
594
387
13.5
16.5
11.9
11.7
8,283
4,843
1,604
1,836
741
102
139
500
5,914
4,541
1,218
155
287
9
37
241
1,341
191
211
939
Women who maintain families
6,486
61.8
5,843
644
9.9
4,017
2,867
177
186
787
Relatives in families maintained by women
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
5,314
1,310
1,584
2,418
58.0
44.4
73.5
59.6
4,284
918
1,273
2,093
1,029
393
311
325
19.4
30.0
19.6
13.4
3,848
1,640
570
1,638
780
86
105
589
1,836
1,450
294
92
272
8
22
242
960
97
149
714
Men who maintain families
2,008
76.3
1,840
168
8.4
624
42
52
53
477
Relatives in families maintained by men ....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
1,664
286
459
918
63.6
53.6
79.6
61.0
1,468
227
410
831
195
59
49
87
11.7
20.5
10.6
9.5
952
247
118
587
322
10
20
292
306
221
73
12
70
253
16
21
216
1
Excludes persons living alone or with nonrelatives, persons in
married-couple families where the husband or wife is in the Armed
Forces, and persons in unrelated subfamilies.
NOTE: Estimates shown in this table for husbands, wives, and women
18
4
who maintain families are somewhat different from marital status
estimates shown in other tables in this publication because of differences
in definitions and weighting patterns used in aggregating the data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men
Marital status, race, and age
Thousands of
persons
Women
Unemployment
rates
Feb.
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
5,161
2,168
667
2,326
4,976
8.0
5.3
10.3
White, 16 years and over....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
4,033
1,824
522
1,687
3,921
1,756
441
Black, 16 years and over ....
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
976
274
128
574
909
230
138
541
Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
3,340
1,979
640
721
3,171
1,850
560
761
White, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
2,656
2,510
1,660
499
497
1,576
412
522
Black, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
580
253
124
202
552
207
128
216
2,058
598
2,320
1,724
13.7
7.2
5.0
9.7
11.9
Thousands of
persons
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
7.6
5.0
9.1
13.4
3,880
1,595
841
1,444
3,527
1,454
724
1,349
6.9
4.7
2,921
1,347
621
2,511
1,192
Unemployment
rates
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
7.6
5.7
8.2
11.1
6.7
5.0
7.1
10.1
6.7
5.4
7.5
9.0
5.6
4.6
6.0
7.7
14.0
8.7
11.3
21.9
14.3
8.8
11.9
22.2
5.3
4.5
6.6
6.5
952
492
827
23.9
857
198
198
460
915
213
209
494
2,431
1,300
750
382
2,210
1,208
640
9.6
5.9
4.7
8.8
9.6
362
6.0
5.1
7.7
7.2
5.7
4.8
9.7
8.0
5.3
4.5
7.8
8.1
1,880
1,104
553
222
1,596
994
421
181
5.5
4.9
7.0
5.5
4.5
4.2
5.4
4.3
12.0
8.9
13.3
11.0
481
154
179
147
539
170
197
173
9.9
7.5
10.5
10.6
7.7
11.6
14.6
15.8
9.1
13.5
25.6
6.3
5.1
10.3
19.2
8.0
11.9
14.4
7.4
14.8
6.9
14.0
19.2
13.5
19
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation
Unemployment rates
Total
Total
Men
Women
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
8,503
7.8
7.2
8.0
7.6
7.6
6.7
633
362
271
360
334
2.4
2.9
1.9
2.5
2.8
2.2
2.3
2.6
1.9
2.5
2.6
2.3
2.5
3.3
2.0
2.5
3.0
2.2
1,871
138
824
910
1,680
135
754
791
5.3
3.9
6.1
4.9
4.6
4.1
5.4
4.2
3.9
4.1
3.5
4.5
4.2
4.9
3.9
4.6
6.0
3.8
8.8
5.0
4.9
3.3
7.1
4.1
1,470
67
108
1,295
1,373
71
90
1,213
9.1
6.5
5.8
9.8
8.5
7.2
4.6
9.1
8.0
8.8
6.7
9.3
9.0
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
1,347
276
759
311
1,135
215
656
264
9.5
5.9
14.4
7.4
7.9
4.6
12.0
6.2
8.4
4.6
21.8
7.6
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
2,345
938
577
831
223
607
2,318
960
515
844
235
609
12.3
10.7
11.7
15.5
27.0
13.4
Farming, forestry, and fishing
387
333
12.4
No previous work experience
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
948
644
207
98
921
607
169
144
Total, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
20
,
,
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
9,041
9.0
O
O
5.3
10.2
3.8
9.5
9.3
6.7
9.2
9.6
9.3
5.8
7.9
4.6
11.2
7.0
14.4
6.3
11.9
5.8
17.8
11.1
12.1
11.1
10.1
15.6
29.5
13.2
12.2
9.3
11.9
15.9
26.9
13.4
12.1
10.6
10.2
15.8
29.9
12.9
12.7
12.1
12.8
11.9
10.5
12.8
10.6
9.6
8.4
14.0
14.9
O
O
13.7
14.9
10.0
10.0
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-13. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry
Total
IJnemployment rates
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
9,041
8,503
7.8
6,980
6,504
Mining
Construction
111
1,095
123
995
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Funiture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries
1,714
1,021
82
60
82
84
128
186
161
163
94
69
26
51
693
226
69
120
41
83
49
67
37
1,577
7.8
913
7.8
87
12.1
61
8.4
43
12.1
9.5
86
122
9.1
161
7.0
124
7.3
150
6.1
90
7.5
60
4.9
34
3.5
44
9.6
663
7.9
207 . 12.2
48
9.1
144
9.7
29
5.5
80
4.8
65
3.8
57
9.0
34
8.2
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries
385
304
81
1,910
295
1,615
224
1,541
562
979
291
216
76
1,836
292
1,544
249
1,433
555
878
298
814
948
255
823
921
Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience
Men
Total
Feb.
1986
Women
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
7.2
8.0
7.6
7.6
6.7
8.0
7.4
8.4
7.9
7.7
6.8
10.9
18.8
14.1
16.8
11.9
19.7
15.6
17.5
4.0
9.7
4.6
9.4
7.3
7.1
11.9
9.3
7.1
9.6
8.9
6.5
5.5
5.6
7.4
4.1
5.0
8.3
7.6
11.1
6.4
11.1
3.8
4.7
5.2
8.0
9.0
6.7
7.2
10.9
6.4
11.1
9.2
9.5
6.7
4.6
6.1
6.7
5.6
2.5
9.4
5.9
8.9
7.2
7.3
4.8
3.8
2.9
7.1
6.1
6.5
6.7
12.4
7.0
6.5
8.6
8.1
6.1
5.1
5.1
6.0
4.3
5.7
8.0
6.3
9.3
5.9
8.4
4.2
4.5
4.5
7.6
5.1
10.0
9.4
19.2
12.6
14.9
11.6
7.9
7.8
11.2
6.3
10.4
2.4
4.8
9.9
10.5
18.6
11.0
10.4
7.9
6.1
5.8
12.3
10.9
8.8
8.1
9.3
14.6
9.3
15.1
11.7
7.8
6.1
7.3
13.0
3.2
4.0
8.3
9.5
15.0
7.0
12.0
2.6
4.9
6.8
8.9
15.7
6.2
8.6
3.1
8.7
7.0
9.1
3.3
6.7
4.3
9.9
4.7
6.1
2.9
8.1
6.5
8.5
3.6
6.0
4.1
8.5
7.0
9.9
2.3
7.3
6.2
7.8
2.9
7.5
4.0
10.4
5.0
6.4
2.7
7.5
6.1
7.9
3.7
6.8
4.2
9.1
4.4
4.5
4.2
10.1
8.8
10.3
3.5
6.3
4.4
9.5
4.1
4.9
3.2
8.7
7.4
8.9
3.6
5.5
4.1
8.0
19.1
3.1
_
15.6
3.0
_
19.8
3.0
_
15.9
3.3
_
16.2
3.1
-.
14.5
2.7
_
Feb.
1987
21
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex/ and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
unemployed
Reason for unemployment
Men,
20 years
and over
Feb.
1986
Women,
20 years
and over
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Both sexes,
16 to 19
years
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
1,396
287
70
217
138
365
606
6,954
3,830
1,301
2,529
809
1,697
619
6,432
3,478
1,162
2,316
858
1,490
606
1,833
887
187
700
147
498
301
1,824
855
154
701
163
518
287
100.0
20.0
4.9
15.1
8.0
27.4
44.6
100.0
20.6
5.0
15.6
9.9
26.2
43.4
100.0
55.1
18.7
36.4
11.6
24.4
8.9
100.0
54.1
18.1
36.0
13.3
23.2
9.4
100.0
48.4
10.2
38.2
8.0
27.2
16.4
100.0
46.9
8.4
38.4
9.0
28.4
15.7
4.0
1.6
5.5
8.9
4.0
1.9
5.0
8.3
3.8
.8
1.7
.6
3.4
.8
1.5
.6
7.2
1.2
4.0
2.4
6.7
1.3
4.1
2.3
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
9,041
4,820
1,512
3,308
995
2,278
947
8,503
4,469
1,335
3,134
1,058
2,058
918
4,361
3,121
1,017
2,104
432
691
117
4,192
2,954
910
2,044
471
630
138
3,237
1,410
425
985
447
1,192
188
2,916
1,229
355
874
449
1,063
174
1,443
289
70
219
116
395
643
100.0
53.3
16.7
36.6
11.0
25.2
10.5
100.0
52.6
15.7
36.9
12.4
24.2
10.8
100.0
71.5
23.3
48.2
9.9
15.9
2.7
100.0
70.4
21.7
48.7
11.2
15.0
3.3
100.0
43.5
13.1
30.4
13.8
36.8
5.8
100.0
42.1
12.2
29.9
15.4
36.5
6.0
4.2
.9
2.0
.8
3.8
.9
1.7
.8
5.2
.7
1.1
.2
4.8
.8
1.0
.2
3.0
.9
2.5
.4
2.5
.9
2.2
.4
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Black
White
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
22
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
February 1987
Duration of unemployment
Total unemployed
Reason, sex, and age
15 weeks and over
Total, 16 years and over...
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men, 20 years and over ....
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Less than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
100.0
37.8
4,469
1,335
3,134
1,058
2,058
918
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4,192
Thousands
of persons
Percent
8,503
Total
15 to 26
weeks
27 weeks
and over
34.8
27.4
13.7
13.7
31.9
43.2
27.1
44.3
43.9
45.7
36.4
39.3
35.2
31.5
34.9
30.1
31.7
17.5
37.7
24.2
21.2
24.1
15.9
11.5
17.8
13.8
10.8
9.5
15.8
6.0
20.0
10.4
10.4
14.6
100.0
31.9
35.6
32.5
15.3
17.2
2,954
910
2,044
471
630
138
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
29.4
39.6
24.9
41.5
36.9
29.0
36.5
41.7
34.1
31.2
37.2
24.3
34.1
18.7
40.9
27.2
25.9
46.7
16.7
13.0
18.4
13.7
9.6
15.9
17.4
5.7
22.6
13.5
16.3
30.8
2,916
100.0
40.5
33.2
26.3
14.1
12.2
1,229
355
874
449
1,063
174
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
35.2
47.0
30.4
40.8
46.4
40.9
34.7
36.6
33.9
32.7
32.3
30.4
30.2
16.4
35.8
26.5
21.3
28.7
15.3
9.6
17.6
16.5
12.1
11.5
14.9
6.8
18.2
10.0
9.1
17.2
1,396
100.0
50.0
35.5
14.4
8.2
6.2
287
70
217
138
365
606
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
43.2
43.7
13.1
10.0
3.1
0
O
0
O
0
50.4
28.5
38.8
31.4
15.3
6.6
12.8
17.7
13.0
5.6
9.1
7.5
2.3
1.1
3.7
10.2
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
34.3
64.9
48.4
50.9
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
A-16.
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Total
Duration of unemployment
Total, 16 years and over
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
Thousands of persons
Full-time workers
Percent distribution
Thousands of persons
Percent distribution
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
9,041
8,503
100.0
100.0
7,342
6,912
100.0
100.0
3,377
3,118
2,317
800
2,546
1,311
1,234
458
777
3,216
2,957
2,237
721
2,329
1,166
1,163
488
675
37.4
34.5
25.6
8.8
28.2
14.5
13.6
5.1
8.6
37.8
34.8
26.3
8.5
27.4
13.7
13.7
5.7
7.9
2,457
2,630
1,936
694
2,256
1,129
1,127
415
712
2,325
2,462
1,823
639
2,125
1,038
1,088
457
631
33.5
35.8
26.4
9.5
30.7
15.4
15.4
5.7
9.7
33.6
35.6
26.4
9.2
30.7
15.0
15.7
6.6
9.1
15.3
7.7
14.7
7.4
16.6
8.6
16.2
8.5
23
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17. Unemployed persons by sex, age, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, race, and
marital status
Total
Percent of unemployed
in group
Weeks
27
5 to 14 15 to 26 weeks
and
5 weeks weeks
over
Less
than
Average
(mean)
duration
Median
duration
February 1987
Unemployed
less than
5 weeks
Unemployed
15 weeks
and over
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
8,503
1,396
1,726
2,537
1,460
884
417
83
3,216
698
747
927
449
245
119
32
2,957
496
610
857
519
297
146
32
1,166
115
237
370
219
150
70
1,163
86
133
383
273
192
82
14
14.7
9.0
11.4
15.3
18.4
20.0
20.2
16.4
7.4
5.0
6.1
7.8
9.2
10.3
10.9
6.7
37.4
51.2
41.4
36.8
29.3
29.1
25.8
40.7
37.8
50.0
43.3
36.5
30.8
27.7
28.5
38.0
28.2
17.4
23.1
28.7
34.7
33.9
42.3
27.8
27.4
14.4
21.4
29.7
33.7
38.7
36.4
23.8
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
4,976
1,688
351
407
492
220
134
64
1,784
292
377
499
304
185
103
23
718
78
146
230
120
97
42
5
786
63
91
244
182
128
66
12
16.3
10.4
12.2
16.7
21.0
21.3
22.3
8.5
6.0
6.6
8.9
10.1
11.1
12.2
33.2
52.0
36.8
32.1
23.5
24.6
21.2
30.9
16.7
25.8
31.6
37.7
40.3
44.1
30.2
18.0
23.3
32.3
36.5
41.2
39.3
O
0
O
33.9
44.7
39.9
33.6
26.7
24.7
23.3
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
3,527
611
706
448
37
90
140
99
53
27
378
23
42
139
91
64
16
2
12.5
7.2
10.4
13.3
15.0
18.0
16.1
6.2
4.4
5.3
6.6
7.8
9.2
7.8
42.9
50.3
47.3
42.9
37.9
35.1
32.9
24.5
18.3
19.7
25.0
30.2
25.1
39.6
23.4
9.7
18.8
26.0
30.0
34.7
30.8
0
O
43.3
56.9
48.2
40.5
36.1
32.6
38.5
O
O
784
1,021
1,465
827
545
276
59
19
0
O
O
142
24
110
55
12
1,173
204
233
358
215
111
43
9
White, 16 years and over
Men
Women
6,432
3,921
2,511
2,518
1,373
1,145
2,225
1,410
815
874
565
309
814
573
242
14.0
15.5
11.7
7.0
8.1
5.8
37.5
33.4
43.2
39.2
35.0
45.6
27.0
29.7
23.1
26.3
29.0
21.9
Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women
1,824
909
915
606
277
329
658
326
332
249
117
131
311
188
123
17.2
19.5
14.8
8.6
9.6
7.7
36.6
32.2
41.6
33.2
30.5
35.9
32.6
35.8
29.0
30.7
33.6
27.8
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
2,058
598
2,320
605
153
930
744
206
834
336
89
293
373
150
262
17.7
22.2
13.6
9.9
11.0
6.7
27.1
28.7
40.1
29.4
25.6
40.1
34.7
34.9
26.2
34.5
39.9
23.9
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
1,454
724
1,349
615
251
662
488
250
436
202
118
128
149
105
123
12.5
15.0
11.2
6.3
8.2
5.2
43.2
37.5
45.8
42.3
34.7
49.0
22.9
32.3
21.7
24.1
30.8
18.7
,
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
24
1,072
633
339
1,528
348
340
435
229
O
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18.
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons
Occupation and industry
Total
Percent of unemployed
in group
Weeks
27
5 to 14 15 to 26 weeks
than
and
weeks
weeks
5 weeks
over
Average
(mean)
duration
Median
duration
Unemployed Unemployed
15 weeks
less than
and over
5 weeks
Feb. Feb. Feb. Feb.
1986 1987 1986 1987
February 1987
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
694
1,680
1,373
1,135
2,318
333
247
663
624
396
731
118
219
590
436
422
871
126
117
220
162
162
363
46
110
208
151
155
353
43
15.1
13.4
13.1
15.7
16.5
13.1
7.8
6.8
5.9
8.5
9.1
7.8
34.6
41.3
41.7
32.5
33.6
29.2
35.6
39.5
45.5
34.9
31.5
35.6
33.1
23.7
26.8
29.3
29.7
35.8
32.8
25.4
22.8
27.9
30.9
26.5
255
1,024
1,587
922
665
345
1,852
1,952
244
103
343
513
280
233
96
788
758
81
93
451
529
323
206
145
619
676
70
36
142
250
128
122
39
243
267
49
23
88
295
190
104
64
202
251
45
11.3
12.8
18.3
18.5
18.1
17.4
12.9
13.8
16.9
7.1
8.3
9.2
9.4
9.0
9.1
6.5
6.8
10.5
31.7
31.9
32.3
27.3
39.6
29.3
42.1
41.4
32.7
40.3
33.5
32.3
30.4
35.0
27.9
42.6
38.8
33.1
29.3
24.7
35.9
40.7
28.8
32.4
23.2
26.1
37.1
23.3
22.5
34.3
34.5
34.0
30.0
24.0
26.5
38.4
921
422
277
87
134
14.5
5.7
44.8
45.9
27.3
24.1
INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Public administration
No previous work experience
Includes wage and salary workers only.
25
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19.
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and jobsearch methods used
February 1987
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, and race
Total
unemployed
Total
job-
Public
employment
agency
Private
employment
agency
Employer
directly
Friends
or
relatives
Other
7.0
2.6
4.8
9.1
9.6
8.4
8.8
75.0
82.2
76.0
72.0
72.5
79.6
61.4
36.9
25.7
39.0
40.3
41.0
37.8
35.0
17.4
12.1
15.3
19.2
22.4
17.1
21.6
4.8
2.9
4.5
5.3
5.1
5.0
10.8
34.9
25.0
39.5
37.9
38.2
34.9
28.0
19.7
13.1
18.8
22.4
23.1
18.6
25.9
5.7
3.0
4.3
6.5
5.8
6.3
16.6
0
O
O
14.4
10.7
10.8
15.2
21.6
15.0
13.3
3.7
2.6
4.5
3.7
4.5
3.1
.9
1.59
1.36
1.54
1.64
1.76
1.65
1.64
Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
8,503
1,396
1,726
2,537
1,460
884
417
83
7,068
1,311
1,483
2,073
1,166
666
306
63
23.4
13.7
22.4
27.1
27.8
26.6
25.2
0
O
O
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
4,976
784
1,021
1,465
827
545
276
59
3,966
733
844
1,137
633
381
193
46
25.4
16.0
22.9
31.5
28.6
29.4
22.3
0
6.7
2.2
5.1
9.2
8.8
7.6
7.3
0
76.5
81.7
77.5
72.4
76.0
84.3
61.7
0
0
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
3,527
611
706
1,072
633
339
142
24
3,102
578
639
936
533
286
113
17
20.9
10.7
21.8
21.6
26.8
23.1
30.1
7.3
3.1
4.4
9.0
10.5
9.1
73.1
82.7
74.0
71.5
68.3
73.1
61.1
39.4
26.5
38.5
43.2
44.3
41.6
46.9
White, 16 years and over...
Men
Women
6,432
3,921
2,511
5,189
3,010
2,179
22.6
24.6
20.0
7.2
7.0
7.4
Black, 16 years and over ...
Men
Women
1,824
909
915
1,661
825
836
25.5
27.6
23.3
6.4
5.5
7.4
0
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within
A-20.
Average
number of
methods
used
Placed
or
answered
ads
11.5
0
0
O
1.69
1.41
1.68
1.80
1.81
1.81
1.62
0
0
17.0
19.1
14.0
5.3
6.1
4.3
1.66
1.70
1.59
17.1
20.0
14.2
3.3
4.5
2.0
1.60
1.63
1.58
0
0
74.9
77.0
72.0
38.6
36.6
41.4
76.6
76.1
77.2
31.5
29.2
33.9
0
O
1.65
1.39
1.62
1.73
1.78
1.74
1.63
30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.
Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and jobsearch methods used
February 1987
Thousands of persons
Sex and reason
Public
employment
agency
Private
employment
agency
7,068
3,162
1,090
1,906
911
23.4
28.7
21.7
20.8
12.7
3,966
2,212
Employer
directly
Friends
or
relatives
7.0
8.7
10.4
4.5
2.1
75.0
76.1
75.0
70.8
80.2
36.9
37.4
46.8
35.3
26.8
17.4
20.2
15.7
15.1
14.4
4.8
5.6
3.1
5.4
2.9
1.65
1.77
1.73
1.52
1.39
451
25.4
29.5
21.9
22.3
14.2
6.7
8.7
8.5
2.7
1.6
76.5
77.0
75.8
73.7
79.6
34.9
34.5
45.3
35.0
23.9
19.7
21.6
16.1
17.9
18.4
5.7
6.6
3.7
5.7
3.8
1.69
1.78
1.71
1.57
1.41
3,102
950
526
1,168
459
20.9
26.7
21.5
19.7
11.3
7.3
8.6
12.4
5.7
2.6
73.1
74.1
74.0
68.8
81.0
39.4
44.1
48.3
35.5
29.6
14.4
17.1
15.2
13.4
10.5
3.7
3.2
2.5
5.1
2.0
1.59
1.74
1.74
1.48
1.37
Total
jobseekers
Total, 16 years and over....
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
8,503
4,469
1,058
2,058
918
Men, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
4,976
Women, 16 years and over
Job losers1
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
3,527
1,318
510
1,234
465
565
739
1
Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used
exclude persons on layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because
it does not include persons on layoff or waiting to begin a new job within
26
Average
number of
methods
used
Placed
or
answered
ads
Total
unemployed
3,151
548
825
453
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Other
30 days, groups for whom jobseeking information is not collected. The
percent using each method will always total more than 100 because
many jobseekers use more than one method.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed civilians in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age and sex
(In thousands)
Men
Total
Industry and age
Women
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
All industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
106,685
5,750
2,165
3,584
13,542
73,472
31,457
25,215
16,799
11,109
6,767
4,342
2,812
109,464
5,875
2,341
3,535
13,240
76,202
32,425
26,644
17,133
11,306
6,850
4,456
2,840
59,204
2,879
1,099
7,061
41,062
6,807
42,208
47,481
2,871
1,066
1,804
6,481
49,126
1,780
60,337
2,981
1,196
1,785
17,718
13,865
18,052
14,588
9,568
13,740
11,350
7,320
6,639
4,000
2,639
4,629
Agriculture
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
2,663
145
74
71
296
1,576
684
468
424
423
221
202
223
2,764
168
80
89
343
1,637
719
515
404
382
191
191
234
2,143
104,021
5,604
2,091
3,513
13,247
71,895
30,773
24,747
16,375
10,687
6,546
4,141
2,589
106,700
5,707
2,261
3,446
12,897
74,565
31,706
26,129
16,729
10,925
6,659
4,266
2,606
57,061
2,761
1,045
1,717
Nonagricultural industries
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
9,479
6,480
3,942
2,538
1,721
118
55
64
246
1,232
556
361
315
346
175
171
201
6,815
39,830
17,162
13,504
9,165
6,135
3,767
2,368
1,520
1,702
2,201
140
65
75
306
1,242
562
385
296
305
144
162
208
58,137
2,841
1,131
1,710
6,502
40,966
17,490
14,204
9,272
6,334
3,856
2,478
1,494
32,409
2,825
1,804
1,091
520
27
20
8
49
345
2,894
1,144
1,750
6,433
33,994
14,373
12,056
7,565
4,667
2,850
1,817
1,138
564
29
15
14
37
395
128
107
109
77
46
31
22
157
130
107
11
47
46,961
2,843
48,563
2,866
1,130
1,736
1,047
1,797
6,432
32,065
13,612
11,243
7,210
4,552
2,779
1,773
1,069
29
26
6,396
33,598
14,216
11,926
7,457
4,591
2,803
1,788
1,112
27
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Men
Total
Occupation
16 years
and over
Feb.
1986
Total
Feb.
1987
16 years
and over
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Women
20 years
and over
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
20 years
and over
16 years
and over
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
106,685 109,464 59,204 60,337 56,325 57,356 47,481 49,126 44,610 46,232
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations
26,094 27,246 14,786 15,219 14,720 15,142 11,307 12,027 11,201 11,934
4,369 4,851
4,336 4,815
12,246 12,725
7,878 7,874 7,849 7,841
567
224
178
344
534
355
178
222
355
344
8,290 8,604 5,634 5,672 5,609 5,643 2,656 2,932 2,630 2,907
1,695
1,535
1,528
1,685
1,888
1,858 1,884 1,854
3,423 3,554
6,909 7,345 6,871 7,301 6,938 7,176 6,865 7,119
13,847 14,521
110
110
1,802 1,616 1,681 1,616 1,677
121
121
1,726
215
447
693
370
246
210
245
369
584
448
73
402
89
71
89
287
313
361
289
313
766
111
644
687
576
644
122
121
576
110
2,157
319
317
336 1,678 1,820 1,677 1,819
1,998
337
718
704
442
262
254
442
458
458
260
256
3,718
954
2,761
929
3,715
2,779 2,736 2,752
943
938
687
631
511
120
550
550
137
120
135
510
1,608
1,832
1,603
1,576
1,582
3,440 3,579
1,976
1,812 1,947
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical
33,704 34,519 12,074 12,175 11,488 11,624 21,630 22,344 20,094 20,740
3,364 3,163
1,564
1,503
1,542
1,839
1,602 1,810
1,561
1,525
1,106
1,050
923
914
127
172
127
923
935
170
1,163
1,078
195
209
842
961
213
202
940
865
1,095
1,035
385
420
594
707
426
389
700
610
12,693 13,181
6,738 6,993 6,390 6,660 5,955 6,188 5,126 5,261
3,323 3,567 2,313
985
1,010 1,065
1,049
2,502 2,289 2,494
2,165
2,266
839
880
846
1,304
860
1,297 1,377
1,386
1,478
1,492
243
246
242
1,230 1,246 1,220 1,242
248
5,651
5,813
1,537
3,780 3,965 3,004 3,093
1,872
1,848 1,568
76
43
55
31
33
56
16
11
19
11
17,647 18,175 3,497 3,580 3,288 3,400 14,150 14,595 13,465 13,937
404
422
296
724
312
426
403
309
715
298
520
503
267
812
262
528
554
254
816
283
65 4,844 4,935 4,619 4,739
106
99
4,950 5,012
77
225 2,254 2,283 2,199 2,221
2,511
229
217
2,483
228
306
329
554
940
582
350
328
539
909
590
7,773 8,176 2,006 2,104 1,869 1,993 5,767 6,073 5,416 5,724
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service
14,610 14,835
917
962
1,755 1,875
5,852
27
1,543
4,283
1,891
173
1,769
450
5,045
10
1,593
3,442
1,398
179
1,510
355
8,758
935
212
7,610
3,108
1,655
1,115
1,732
8,883
889
249
7,745
3,106
1,669
1,201
1,769
7,760
769
203
6,789
2,549
1,563
1,049
1,627
7,879
704
230
6,946
2,538
1,588
1,129
1,690
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
12,835 13,232 11,774 12,139 11,515 11,857
4,477
4,230
4,193
4,414
4,268
4,330
4,570
4,790
4,287
4,497
4,714
4,408
3,923 3,965 3,096 3,095 3,036 3,057
1,060
145
89
825
1,093
147
76
870
1,033
143
85
806
1,075
148
76
851
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Manufacturing industries
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Nonmanufacturing industries
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
16,699 16,803 12,384 12,468 11,371 11,456
4,552
4,381
7,822 7,653 4,724
4,526
3,623
6,569 6,395 3,929 3,737 3,801
2,492
2,367
3,707 3,527 2,579
2,430
1,309
1,257
2,868
1,350
2,861
1,306
1,258
1,253
758
795
790
751
4,596
4,361
3,930 4,158
3,820 4,016
3,294 3,486 2,903
2,957
3,085 2,808
1,110
1,068
1,059
1,028
1,073
1,012
4,516 4,554
3,059
3,730 3,784 2,999
561
605
594
495
543
533
3,994 3,135
3,911
3,241 2,466 2,564
4,315
3,098
2,639
1,128
1,511
459
431
391
40
787
10
776
4,335
3,127
2,659
1,097
1,562
468
438
401
37
770
17
753
4,134
3,019
2,582
1,102
1,480
437
420
382
39
695
10
685
4,185
3,051
2,595
1,077
1,518
456
432
395
37
702
17
684
410
175
235
445
188
256
387
175
212
420
187
232
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations
28
11,893
4,999
1,828
2,884
2,182
2,743
1,243
1,500
12,044
5,131
1,865
2,862
2,186
2,828
1,247
1,581
2,333
1,068
1,265
5,953
28
1,626
4,299
2,025
196
1,661
417
2,383
1,059
1,324
5,047
18
1,515
3,514
1,341
155
1,604
414
2,183
1,063
1,121
2,232
1,049
1,183
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23. Employed civilians by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Women
Men
Total
Occupation and race
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
106,685
100.0
109,464
100.0
59,204
100.0
60,337
100.0
47,481
100.0
49,126
100.0
24.5
11.5
13.0
31.6
3.2
11.9
24.9
11.6
13.3
31.5
24.5
9.9
16.6
25.2
13.1
12.2
20.2
2.7
11.6
5.9
23.8
16.5
13.7
.9
1.6
25.0
13.3
11.7
20.4
3.1
11.4
5.9
9.9
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands).
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
2.9
12.0
9.9
9.2
14.6
45.6
3.2
12.5
29.8
18.4
2.0
.4
16.0
2.2
9.1
6.5
14.6
45.5
3.2
12.6
29.7
18.1
1.8
.5
15.8
2.2
8.8
6.4
.9
1.6
15.7
7.3
4.1
4.2
2.6
13.6
.8
1.7
11.0
12.1
15.4
7.0
4.2
4.2
2.6
93,144
100.0
95,377
100.0
52,345
100.0
53,210
100.0
40,799
100.0
42,167
100.0
25.5
12.1
25.9
26.1
14.1
12.0
20.8
3.2
12.1
5.6
8.9
26.3
13.6
24.8
9.6
12.6
20.4
15.1
46.6
2.7
12.2
5.5
3.1
13.1
30.5
8.9
17.0
25.5
10.5
15.0
46.4
3.2
13.1
30.1
16.8
11.1
12.0
O
2.6
7.2
19.9
20.9
8.0
6.6
6.3
3.9
0
2.7
7.1
20.1
20.7
7.5
6.9
6.3
3.9
.9
1.7
.9
White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands).
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
13.4
32.1
3.1
12.5
16.5
12.5
.8
1.6
10.1
12.5
14.7
6.9
3.9
3.9
2.7
12.2
13.7
31.9
2.9
12.6
16.4
12.4
.8
1.6
10.0
12.6
14.5
6.5
O
O
2.5
6.3
20.5
19.6
2.6
6.2
20.8
19.6
7.6
6.3
5.6
1.6
.4
1.7
.4
15.0
2.2
8.4
5.9
.9
1.6
1.0
14.7
2.2
8.1
5.7
.9
1.5
1.0
3.9
2.7
4.1
7.1
6.6
5.8
4.1
10,485
100.0
10,872
100.0
5,220
100.0
5,405
100.0
5,265
100.0
5,467
100.0
14.9
6.3
8.7
14.7
6.2
8.5
28.9
2.6
7.3
19.0
12.7
6.4
6.2
15.9
2.1
4.8
17.2
6.1
11.1
38.4
3.9
8.4
16.8
5.5
11.2
40.2
3.2
23.0
1.7
2.8
18.5
8.8
18.0
.1
3.9
13.9
15.2
35.5
11.5
10.5
13.5
2.7
12.7
7.0
5.8
17.5
1.9
5.6
10.0
18.5
.1
4.5
13.9
15.6
32.7
11.0
10.5
11.1
3.0
26.1
28.6
4.2
.9
23.5
27.9
27.5
3.4
1.1
23.1
2.0
13.3
10.1
1.0
2.1
.3
4.1
Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) .
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
27.2
3.0
6.6
17.6
23.3
2.2
2.4
18.8
8.6
24.5
10.9
5.9
7.7
1.4
22.9
10.6
5.7
6.6
1.6
9.0
2.1
13.6
10.3
1.4
2.0
.2
9.0
Less than 0.05 percent.
29
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-24. Employed civilians by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
February 1987
Nonagricultural industries
Agriculture
Wage and salary workers
Age and sex
Total
Private
household Government
workers
Other
Selfemployed
workers
Unpaid
family
workers
Wage and
Selfsalary
employed
workers
workers
Unpaid
family
workers
Total, 16 years and over ....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
98,456
5,624
2,229
3,395
12,577
29,646
23,724
15,074
9,757
5,988
3,769
2,054
1,128
224
162
62
127
168
181
158
167
103
65
103
16,879
321
95
226
1,254
4,389
5,131
3,318
2,077
1,317
760
388
80,448
5,079
1,972
3,107
11,196
25,088
18,412
11,599
7,512
4,568
2,944
1,563
8,007
74
29
45
304
2,012
2,330
1,610
1,145
663
482
532
237
9
3
5
17
48
75
45
23
8
15
20
1,375
135
56
79
274
444
228
148
100
59
41
47
1,297
13
7
6
59
257
271
246
269
123
146
182
92
20
17
3
9
18
16
10
13
9
4
4
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
52,738
2,786
1,106
1,680
6,309
16,189
12,686
8,163
5,508
3,382
2,126
1,097
112
30
27
3
15
14
29
8
11
5
6
4
8,022
153
58
95
572
2,030
2,434
1,599
1,034
666
368
200
44,605
2,602
1,021
1,582
5,722
14,145
10,224
6,556
4,463
2,711
1,752
892
5,371
51
25
26
188
1,295
1,516
1,108
825
475
350
388
28
5
1,083
12
7
5
55
226
219
187
223
100
123
162
27
12
9
4
7
4
1
1
9
1,091
116
50
66
243
331
164
109
82
44
39
44
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
45,718
2,838
1,123
1,715
6,268
13,456
11,038
6,911
4,249
2,606
1,643
957
1,017
194
135
58
112
154
152
149
157
98
59
8,858
168
36
131
683
2,359
2,698
1,719
1,043
651
392
188
35,843
2,477
951
1,525
5,473
10,943
8,188
5,043
3,049
1,857
1,191
670
2,636
23
3
20
116
717
814
502
320
188
132
144
209
4
3
1
12
42
73
44
22
8
13
11
285
19
6
13
31
112
63
38
18
15
2
3
214
1
65
8
8
30
5
5
6
1
1
1
1
4
31
52
59
46
23
23
20
2
14
15
10
13
9
4
3
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Employed civilians by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
February 1987
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry
Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Professional services
Public administration
Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers
Service
occupations
Precision
Farming,
Machine
producHandlers, forestry,
operTransportion,
and
equipment
ators,
tation
craft,
cleaners, fishing
assemand
and
helpers,
blers,
material
repair
and
and
moving
laborers
inspectors
Total
Executive,
AdminisTechniemadministrative Private
cians
Profesployed
Other
trative,
Sales support, houseand
sional
service1
and
including hold
specialty related
manaclerical
support
2,764
788
6,823
20,546
12,316
8,230
58
138
838
2,224
1,401
823
66
84
144
1,696
1,186
510
33
32
56
708
520
189
18
6
72
677
292
385
97
91
427
2,528
1,473
1,056
11
4
33
352
182
168
48
243
4,045
3,952
2,744
1,208
6
22
71
6,395
3,527
2,868
32
113
422
774
408
366
14
53
702
1,169
516
653
2,380
3
13
72
7,689
22,947
4,502
18,444
800
1,817
446
1,371
471
445
84
361
234
83
31
52
289
9,478
1,784
7,693
2,054
2,422
845
1,577
256
4,242
52
4,190
1,297
1,522
350
1,173
120
279
107
171
1,679
936
465
471
474
1,703
326
1,377
14
20
12
8
7,412
35,382
1,136
34,246
23,166
5,111
1,783
3,971
20
3,951
2,207
1,097
196
10,743
12
10,731
9,653
676
120 1,772
844
1,702
4
844
1,697
1,397
156
195
25
3,050
6,039
7
6,032
4,347
1,466
252
7,497
109
7,388
4,300
1,272
142
1,777
8
1,769
424
207
20
708
15
575
5
569
345
49
19
369
25
344
94
52
43
242
29
212
57
41
917
917
708
186
32
Includes protective service, not shown separately.
A-26. Employed civilians with a job but not at work by reason, sex, and pay status
(In thousands)
All
industries
Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers1
Total
Reason not working and sex
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Paid absences
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1987
1,646
869
524
2
()
2,010
324
831
2
()
1,653
283
722
Total, 16 years and over...
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
All other reasons
4,619
1,377
1,664
501
19
1,059
4,004
1,331
1,417
234
29
993
4,416
1,346
1,621
419
19
1,011
3,859
1,302
1,386
198
29
943
1,782
887
632
Men, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3
2,509
827
905
2,162
762
721
679
2,340
756
788
796
2,043
740
694
608
959
528
314
118
Women, 16 years and over
Vacation
Illness
All other reasons3
2,110
599
837
673
1,842
570
696
576
2,076
590
833
653
1,817
562
693
562
824
360
319
145
1
in
Excludes private household workers.
Pay status not available separately for bad weather and industrial
dispute; these categories are included in all other reasons.
2
Unpaid absences
O
O
264
O
O
855
648
877
505
268
104
989
147
395
447
792
133
345
314
769
364
256
149
1,021
177
436
408
860
150
377
334
253
3
Includes bad weather and industrial dispute, not shown separately.
NOTE: Estimates for "all other reasons" by pay status may be biased
because of high response variance; data should be used with caution.
31
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27.
Persons at work by hours of work and type of Industry
February 1987
Percent distribution
Thousands of persons
Hours of work
All
industries
Nonagricultural
industries
All
industries
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
105,459
2,619
102,840
100.0
100.0
100.0
1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours
26,431
886
4,848
13,040
7,657
875
59
230
402
184
25,556
827
4,618
12,638
7,473
25.1
.8
4.6
12.4
7.3
33.4
2.3
8.8
15.3
7.0
24.9
.8
4.5
12.3
7.3
35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over
79,028
6,989
42,356
29,683
10,958
10,778
7,947
1,744
136
557
1,051
189
344
518
77,284
6,852
41,799
28,633
10,769
10,435
7,429
74.9
6.6
40.2
28.1
10.4
10.2
7.5
66.6
5.2
21.3
40.1
7.2
13.1
19.8
75.1
6.7
40.6
27.8
10.5
10.1
7.2
38.8
43.4
40.8
48.5
38.7
43.3
Total, 16 years and over
Average hours, total at work
Average hours, workers on full-time schedules
Agriculture
A-28. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by reason for working less than 35 hours, type of Industry, and usual status
(Numbers in thousands)
February 1987
All industries
Nonagricultural industries
Reason for working less than 35 hours
Total
Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work
Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment
New job started during week
Job terminated during week
Could find only part-time work
Other reasons
Does not want, or unavailable for, full-time work
Vacation
Illness
Bad weather
Industrial dispute
Legal or religious holiday
Full time for this job
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Worked 30 to 34 hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
32
Usually
work
full time
Usually
work
part time
Total
Usually
work
full time
Usually
work
part time
26,431
7,846
18,585
25,556
7,494
18,062
5,583
2,692
74
187
83
2,548
1,944
1,601
74
187
83
3,639
1,091
5,328
2,499
72
176
81
2,501
1,800
1,472
72
176
81
3,528
1,027
20,847
12,517
1,073
1,759
636
13
1,000
1,646
2,204
5,900
5,694
1,544
1,646
660
20,229
12,242
1,065
1,732
547
13
996
1,606
2,027
1,456
1,606
571
22.2
21.0
24.5
26.7
20.9
18.7
22.2
21.1
24.6
26.9
21.0
18.8
1,777
5,880
892
3,339
885
2,541
1,699
5,774
833
3,286
866
2,488
2,548
1,073
1,636
636
13
1,000
14,947
12,517
123
2,501
1,065
1,616
547
13
996
14,535
12,242
116
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
February 1987
Industry
Total
at
work
On part
time
for
economic
reasons
On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time
Total
40 hours 41 to 48 49 hours
or less
or more
hours
Average
hours,
total
at work
Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules
102,840
5,328
14,535
82,977
54,344
10,769
17,864
38.7
43.3
95,119
4,635
13,207
77,277
51,770
10,193
15,314
38.6
42.9
709
33
19
657
384
92
181
43.9
45.6
5,170
395
266
4,509
3,228
498
783
38.9
41.5
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
19,573
11,732
7,842
569
198
370
594
259
335
18,410
11,275
7,137
12,057
7,294
4,765
2,879
1,748
1,131
3,474
2,233
1,241
41.8
42.4
41.0
43.1
43.2
42.8
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
7,051
20,380
6,597
244
1,665
92
321
4,965
631
6,486
13,750
5,874
4,273
8,322
4,135
913
2,105
642
1,300
3,323
1,097
41.5
36.2
39.9
43.4
43.9
42.3
Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration
30,699
1,097
29,602
4,940
1,572
187
1,385
68
6,142
493
5,649
269
22,985
417
22,568
4,603
15,871
286
15,585
3,498
2,632
32
2,600
432
4,482
99
4,383
673
36.8
25.7
37.2
40.3
42.7
45.1
42.7
41.7
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
7,484
237
674
19
1,231
97
5,579
121
2,515
60
565
11
2,499
50
40.5
36.8
48.2
49.9
Total, 16 years and over
Wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
33
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Persons at work in nonagrlcultural Industries by sex, age, race, marital status, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
February 1987
Sex, age, race, and marital status
Total
at
work
On part
time for
economic
reasons
On full-time schedules
On
voluntary
part time
Total
40 hours
or less
41 hours
or more
Average
hours,
total
at work
Average
hours,
workers
on full-time
schedules
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over
102,840
5,566
2,207
3,359
97,275
12,550
84,725
55,954
26,340
2,431
5,328
467
75
393
4,861
984
3,877
2,582
1,154
139
14,535
3,526
1,950
1,577
11,008
2,294
8,714
4,851
2,680
1,182
82,977
1,573
182
1,389
81,406
9,272
72,134
48,521
22,506
1,110
54,344
1,234
161
1,073
53,111
6,502
46,608
30,781
15,036
795
28,633
339
21
316
28,295
2,770
25,526
17,740
7,470
315
38.7
23.2
16.6
27.6
39.6
36.3
40.1
40.6
40.1
28.9
43.3
40.2
36.3
40.7
43.3
42.1
43.5
43.6
43.4
42.0
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over
56,094
2,765
1,102
1,663
53,329
6,347
46,981
30,759
14,825
1,397
2,393
226
37
189
2,167
477
1,690
1,170
460
60
4,476
1,710
971
739
2,766
955
1,810
674
509
628
49,225
829
94
735
48,396
4,915
43,481
28,915
13,856
709
28,829
599
85
514
28,230
3,169
25,062
16,229
8,347
483
20,396
230
9
221
20,166
1,746
18,419
12,686
5,509
226
41.7
24.3
17.1
29.0
42.6
38.0
43.2
43.8
43.2
30.4
44.8
41.1
36.6
41.7
44.8
43.2
45.0
45.2
44.8
42.4
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and over
46,746
2,800
1,105
1,695
43,946
6,202
37,744
25,194
11,516
1,034
2,936
241
37
204
2,694
507
2,187
1,413
696
79
10,059
1,816
979
837
8,243
1,339
6,904
4,178
2,172
554
33,751
743
89
654
33,009
4,356
28,653
19,603
8,648
401
25,513
635
77
559
24,879
3,331
21,548
14,547
6,685
312
8,238
108
12
95
8,130
1,025
7,105
5,056
1,963
89
35.2
22.2
16.0
26.2
36.0
34.6
36.2
36.7
36.1
26.8
41.1
39.1
36.1
39.6
41.2
40.9
41.2
41.2
41.2
41.2
White, 16 years and over
Men
Women
89,436
49,355
40,080
4,320
1,924
2,397
13,135
3,985
9,150
71,981
43,446
28,533
45,815
24,662
21,151
26,166
18,784
7,382
38.9
42.0
35.0
43.5
45.0
41.3
Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women
10,324
5,087
5,237
856
385
471
1,040
348
692
8,428
4,354
4,074
6,682
3,240
3,444
1,746
1,114
630
37.6
39.3
35.9
41.3
42.4
40.2
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
36,565
5,525
14,004
1,111
274
1,006
1,252
256
2,968
34,202
4,995
10,030
19,254
2,987
6,591
14,948
2,008
3,439
43.7
42.1
36.4
45.2
44.5
43.3
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
26,060
9,025
11,661
1,459
655
822
5,779
1,131
3,150
18,822
7,239
7,689
14,495
5,282
5,735
4,327
1,957
1,954
35.1
37.6
33.4
40.8
41.7
41.3
RACE
MARITAL STATUS
34
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
February 1987
Average
O n full-time schedules
Occupation and sex
Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Men, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
v
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Women, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.
Average hours,
hours, workers
40
49
on full41 to 48
total
hours
hours
time
at work
hours
or less
or more
schedules
O n part
time for
economic
reasons
On
voluntary
part
time
102,805
5,318
14,547
82,940
54,258
10,768
17,914
38.7
43.3
26,315
12,321
13,994
33,345
3,056
12,691
17,598
14,359
889
1,778
11,692
12,680
16,107
7,377
4,367
4,363
471
146
325
1,441
80
754
608
1,558
146
52
1,361
667
1,180
393
276
511
2,401
582
1,819
5,894
344
2,692
2,858
4,313
442
185
3,687
414
1,524
316
414
793
23,443
11,593
11,850
26,009
2,632
9,245
14,133
8,487
301
1,541
6,644
11,598
13,403
6,668
3,676
3,059
13,193
6,057
7,136
18,132
1,863
4,780
11,490
6,262
213
956
5,093
7,614
9,056
4,762
2,021
2,273
2,961
1,456
1,505
3,164
386
1,252
1,526
934
18
240
676
1,694
2,015
1,041
552
422
7,289
4,080
3,209
4,713
383
3,213
1,117
1,291
70
345
876
2,290
2,332
865
1,102
364
42.3
44.5
40.3
37.4
39.3
38.7
36.2
32.8
24.2
41.1
32.1
41.2
39.1
40.2
41.4
34.7
45.1
46.0
44.2
42.5
42.3
45.8
40.3
42.1
44.2
44.5
41.4
43.0
42.8
42.1
45.4
41.4
55,948
2,379
4,440
49,130
28,708
6,809
13,613
41.7
44.8
14,756
7,619
7,136
11,820
1,556
6,778
3,486
5,790
26
1,549
4,215
11,631
11,952
4,388
3,948
3,616
210
78
132
288
24
166
98
431
3
34
394
609
840
172
238
430
699
191
508
1,111
113
650
348
1,260
19
109
1,132
316
1,054
153
249
651
13,846
7,350
6,497
10,421
1,419
5,962
3,040
4,099
4
1,406
2,689
10,705
10,058
4,063
3,460
2,535
6,854
3,390
3,465
5,604
917
2,526
2,162
2,837
1
863
1,973
6,957
6,455
2,719
1,868
1,869
1,692
879
813
1,507
220
838
448
504
_
212
292
1,558
1,548
672
529
347
5,300
3,081
2,219
3,309
282
2,598
430
758
3
331
424
2,190
2,055
672
1,063
320
45.1
46.5
43.5
42.5
41.7
44.3
39.3
36.4
34.2
41.4
39.8
41.5
42.5
34.7
46.8
47.5
45.9
45.7
43.8
47.7
42.4
43.3
(2)
44.8
42.5
43.1
43.6
43.0
45.7
41.5
46,857
2,940
10,107
33,810
25,550
3,959
4,301
35.2
41.1
11,560
4,702
6,858
21,524
1,499
5,913
14,112
8,568
862
229
7,477
1,049
4,156
2,989
419
747
261
68
194
1,153
56
587
510
1,127
142
18
967
58
341
221
38
82
1,702
391
1,311
4,784
232
2,043
2,509
3,053
423
76
2,555
98
470
163
165
142
9,596
4,243
5,353
15,588
1,212
3,283
11,093
4,388
297
135
3,955
893
3,345
2,605
216
524
6,338
2,667
3,671
12,528
946
2,254
9,328
3,425
212
93
3,120
657
2,601
2,044
154
404
1,270
577
692
1,656
166
413
1,077
430
18
28
384
136
468
369
24
75
1,989
999
990
1,403
101
615
687
532
67
14
452
100
276
193
39
45
38.7
41.2
37.0
34.7
36.8
32.3
35.4
30.3
24.3
31.4
31.0
38.3
37.0
38.4
30.8
34.8
42.7
43.4
42.0
40.3
40.4
42.3
39.7
41.0
44.1
41.1
40.7
41.0
40.7
40.6
40.9
41.1
Total
at
work
Total
O
42.6
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
35
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Employment status of the noninstltutional population, Including Armed forces stationed in the United States, by sex,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1986
1987
Employment status and sex
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
181,512
118,733
65.4
110,248
60.7
1,691
108,557
3,105
105,452
8,485
7.1
62,779
181,678
118,880
65.4
110,500
60.8
1,693
108,807
3,252
105,555
8,380
7.0
62,798
181,843
118,987
65.4
110,664
60.9
1,695
108,969
3,199
105,770
8,323
7.0
62,856
181,998
119,274
65.5
110,852
60.9
1,687
109,165
3,151
106,014
8,422
7.1
62,724
182,183
119,685
65.7
111,293
61.1
1,680
109,613
3,164
106,449
8,392
7.0
62,498
182,354
119,789
65.7
111,559
61.2
1,672
109,887
3,124
106,763
8,230
6.9
62,565
182,525
119,821
65.6
111,764
61.2
1,697
110,067
3,057
107,010
8,057
6.7
62,704
182,713
119,988
65.7
111,703
61.1
1,716
109,987
3,142
106,845
8,285
6.9
62,725
182,935
120,163
65.7
111,941
61.2
1,749
110,192
3,162
107,030
8,222
6.8
62,772
183,114
120,426
65.8
112,183
61.3
1,751
110,432
3,215
107,217
8,243
6.8
62,688
183,297
120,336
65.7
112,387
61.3
1,750
110,637
3,161
107,476
7,949
6.6
62,961
183,575
120,782
65.8
112,759
61.4
1,748
111,011
3,145
107,866
8,023
6.6
62,793
183,738
121,089
65.9
113,122
61.6
1,740
111,382
3,236
108,146
7,967
6.6
62,649
86,954
66,737
76.7
62,142
71.5
1,539
60,603
4,595
6.9
20,217
87,035
66,793
76.7
62,221
71.5
1,540
60,681
4,572
6.8
20,242
87,120
66,770
76.6
62,253
71.5
1,541
60,712
4,517
6.8
20,350
87,195
66,854
76.7
62,201
71.3
1,533
60,668
4,653
7.0
20,341
87,288
66,937
76.7
62,318
71.4
1,525
60,793
4,619
6.9
20,351
87,373
66,968
76.6
62,402
71.4
1,518
60,884
4,566
6.8
20,405
87,460
66,911
76.5
62,483
71.4
1,541
60,942
4,428
6.6
20,549
87,556
67,128
76.7
62,528
71.4
1,560
60,968
4,600
6.9
20,428
87,682
67,130
76.6
62,565
71.4
1,590
60,975
4,565
6.8
20,552
87,773
67,407
76.8
62,833
71.6
1,592
61,241
4,574
6.8
20,366
87,868
67,425
76.7
62,986
71.7
1,593
61,393
4,439
6.6
20,443
88,020
67,672
76.9
63,187
71.8
1,591
61,596
4,484
6.6
20,348
88,099
67,764
76.9
63,335
71.9
1,584
61,751
4,429
6.5
20,335
94,558
51,996
55.0
48,106
50.9
152
47,954
3,890
7.5
42,562
94,643
52,087
55.0
48,279
51.0
153
48,126
3,808
7.3
42,556
94,723
52,217
55.1
48,411
51.1
154
48,257
3,806
7.3
42,506
94,803
52,420
55.3
48,651
51.3
154
48,497
3,769
7.2
42,383
94,895
52,748
55.6
48,975
51.6
155
48,820
3,773
7.2
42,147
94,981
52,821
55.6
49,157
51.8
154
49,003
3,664
6.9
42,160
95,065
52,910
55.7
49,281
51.8
156
49,125
3,629
6.9
42,155
95,156
52,860
55.6
49,175
51.7
156
49,019
3,685
7.0
42,296
95,253
53,033
55.7
49,376
51.8
159
49,217
3,657
6.9
42,220
95,341
53,019
55.6
49,350
51.8
159
49,191
3,669
6.9
42,322
95,429
52,911
55.4
49,401
51.8
157
49,244
3,510
6.6
42,518
95,556
53,110
55.6
49,572
51.9
157
49,415
3,538
6.7
42,446
95,639
53,325
55.8
49,787
52.1
156
49,631
3,538
6.6
42,314
TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Men
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Women
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Percent of population2
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio3
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate4
Not in labor force
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.
2
Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
3
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
%
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident
36
Armed Forces).
NOTE: The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in
tables A-32 through A-41 will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-33.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age
1987
1986
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb,
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
179,821 179,985 180,148 180,311 180,503 180,682 180,828 180,997 181,186 181,363 181,547 181,827 181,998
117,04; 117,187 117,292 117,587 118,005 118,117 118,124 118,272 118,414 118,675 118,586 119,034 119,349
65.1
65.1
65.2
65.4
65.1
65.4
65.3
65.6
65.4
65.4
65.3
65.3
65.5
108,557 108,807 108,969 109,165 109,613 109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382
60.5
60.5
60.5
60.7
60.4
61.2
60.9
60.8
61.1
60.8
60.8
60.9
60.9
8,485 8,380 8,323 8,422 8,392 8,230 8,057 8,285 8,222 8,243 7,949 8,023 7,967
7.2
7.1
7.2
7.1
7.2
6.7
6.7
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.7
6.8
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
78,171
61,092
78.2
57,296
73.3
2,261
55,035
3,796
6.2
17,079
78,236
61,177
78.2
57,388
73.4
2,389
54,999
3,789
6.2
17,059
78,309
61,080
78.0
57,392
73.3
2,319
55,073
3,688
6.0
17,229
78,387
61,158
78.0
57,338
73.1
2,279
55,059
3,820
6.2
17,229
78,484
61,330
78.1
57,522
73.3
2,309
55,213
3,808
6.2
17,154
78,586
61,355
78.1
57,544
73.2
2,275
55,269
3,811
6.2
17,231
78,634
61,219
77.9
57,585
73.2
2,185
55,400
3,634
5.9
17,415
78,722
61,412
78.0
57,607
73.2
2,286
55,321
3,805
6.2
17,310
78,802
61,409
77.9
57,595
73.1
2,297
55,298
3,814
6.2
17,393
78,874
61,703
78.2
57,883
73.4
2,303
55,580
3,820
6.2
17,171
78,973
61,826
78.3
58,101
73.6
2,289
55,812
3,725
6.0
17,147
79,132
61,948
78.3
58,227
73.6
2,254
55,974
3,720
6.0
17,184
79,216
61,973
78.2
58,325
73.6
2,300
56,024
3,648
5.9
17,243
87,185
48,009
55.1
44,820
51.4
591
44,229
3,189
6.6
39,176
87,263
48,065
55.1
44,934
51.5
589
44,345
3,131
6.5
39,198
87,355
48,181
55.2
45,094
51.6
585
44,509
3,087
6.4
39,174
87,444
48,433
55.4
45,335
51.8
604
44,731
3,098
6.4
39,011
87,547
48,739
55.7
45,657
52.2
583
45,074
3,082
6.3
38,808
87,629
48,879
55.8
45,869
52.3
607
45,262
3,010
6.2
38,750
87,689
48,950
55.8
45,956
52.4
622
45,334
2,994
6.1
38,739
87,779
48,920
55.7
45,905
52.3
614
45,291
3,015
6.2
38,859
87,856
49,014
55.8
46,020
52.4
612
45,408
2,994
6.1
38,842
87,933
49,043
55.8
46,067
52.4
675
45,392
2,976
6.1
38,890
88,016
48,923
55.6
46,058
52.3
621
45,437
2,865
5.9
39,093
88,150
49,161
55.8
46,261
52.5
628
45,633
2,900
5.9
38,989
88,237
49,348
55.9
46,475
52.7
641
45,835
2,873
5.8
38,889
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
14,465 14,485 14,484 14,480 14,472 14,467 14,505 14,496 14,527 14,557 14,558 14,545 14,546
7,941
7,945 8,031
7,929 7,837 7,926 8,028
7,996 7,936 7,883 7,955 7,940 7,991
55.4
54.9
54.9
55.0
54.8
54.5
53.8
54.5
55.2
54.8
55.2
54.5
54.8
6,441
6,485 6,483 6,492 6,434 6,474 6,526 6,475 6,577 6,482 6,478 6,524 6,582
44.8
44.8
44.5
44.7
44.5
45.0
44.8
45.3
44.5
44.9
45.2
44.8
44.5
274
253
295
242
251
264
250
242
268
253
237
295
272
6,211
6,188
6,188
6,232 6,276 6,233 6,324 6,245 6,227 6,260 6,287
6,224 6,162
1,460
1,500
1,548
1,465
1,359
1,402
1,429
1,409
1,504
1,446
1,502
1,414
1,447
18.4
18.9
19.3
18.5
17.3
17.7
18.0
18.0
17.9
18.8
18.9
17.7
18.2
6,524 6,540 6,453 6,484 6,536 6,584 6,550 6,556 6,536 6,628 6,721
6,619
6,518
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
37
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
1986
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
1987
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
154,889 155,005 155,122 155,236 155,376 155,502 155,604 155,723 155,856 155,979 156,111 156,313 156,431
101,178 101,208 101,237 101,531 101,946 102,015 102,122 102,158 102,297 102,455 102,503 102,746 102,893
65.7
65.7
65.4
65.7
65.6
65.6
65.6
65.6
65.6
65.3
65.8
65.3
65.3
94,780 94,955 95,095 95,283 95,720 95,861 96,177 96,000 96,147 96,281 96,533 96,717 96,995
61.7
61.7
61.6
61.6
61.4
61.3
62.0
61.9
61.8
61.6
61.8
61.3
61.2
6,029
6,174
6,150
6,158
5,945
6,248 6,226 6,154
5,898
5,970
6,398 6,253 6,142
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.1
5.7
5.9
5.8
6.0
6.0
6.0
5.8
6.2
6.3
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
53,538 53,532 53,444 53,532 53,651 53,639 53,583 53,727 53,757 54,015 54,172 54,182 54,175
78.4
78.4
78.7
78.7
78.4
78.2
78.5
78.3
78.5
78.6
78.8
78.3
78.6
50,629 50,615 50,663 50,628 50,762 50,731 50,877 50,845 50,845 51,089 51,286 51,297 51,362
74.1
74.1
74.1
74.2
74.5
74.5
74.4
74.3
74.2
74.2
74.2
74.6
74.3
2,904
2,908
2,781
2,706 2,882 2,912
2,889
2,909 2,917
2,886 2,885 2,813
2,926
5.4
5.1
5.4
5.4
5.2
5.4
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.3
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
40,750 40,826 40,890 41,103 41,424 41,584 41,640 41,547 41,598 41,540 41,514 41,680 41,762
55.4
55.1
54.8
55.2
55.2
55.0
55.1
55.2
55.2
55.3
54.5
54.5
54.4
38,365 38,519 38,651 38,854 39,179 39,368 39,466 39,365 39,431 39,399 39,456 39,568 39,735
52.6
52.4
52.3
52.3
52.3
52.5
52.4
52.2
51.8
51.5
51.4
52.3
51.2
2,028
2,111
2,058
2,167
2,182
2,174
2,216
2,249 2,245
2,141
2,385 2,307 2,239
5.1
4.9
5.0
5.2
5.3
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.5
5.7
5.2
5.9
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
6,890
58.1
5,786
48.8
1,104
16.0
16.6
15.4
6,850
57.8
5,821
49.1
1,029
15.0
15.9
14.1
6,903
58.1
5,781
48.7
1,122
16.3
17.1
15.4
6,896
58.1
5,801
48.8
1,095
15.9
17.0
14.7
6,871
57.9
5,779
48.7
1,092
15.9
17.1
14.6
6,792
57.2
5,762
48.5
1,030
15.2
15.6
14.7
6,899
58.1
5,834
49.1
1,065
15.4
16.6
14.2
6,884
57.9
5,790
48.7
1,094
15.9
16.6
15.1
6,942
58.4
5,871
49.4
1,071
15.4
15.7
15.2
6,900
58.0
5,793
48.7
1,107
16.0
16.3
15.7
6,817
57.3
5,791
48.7
1,026
15.1
15.5
14.6
6,885
57.8
5,852
49.2
1,033
15.0
16.1
13.8
6,955
58.4
5,898
49.5
1,057
15.2
16.0
14.3
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
19,863 19,889 19,916 19,943 19,974 20,002 20,028 20,056 20,089 20,120 20,152 20,187 20,218
12,572 12,634 12,687 12,721 12,712 12,611 12,553 12,652 12,720 12,719 12,707 12,831 12,957
64.1
63.6
63.1
63.2
63.3
63.1
62.7
63.7
63.0
63.6
63.8
63.5
63.3
10,704 10,770 10,809 10,839 10,818 10,822 10,716 10,799 10,895 10,910 10,968 10,997 11,101
54.9
54.5
54.4
54.1
54.2
54.2
53.8
53.9
53.5
54.2
54.3
54.3
54.2
1,855
1,833
1,739
1,789
1,809
1,825
1,853
1,868
1,837
1,894
1,882
1,878
1,864
14.3
14.3
13.7
14.2
14.3
14.6
14.2
14.6
14.9
14.8
14.8
14.8
14.9
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
5,866
74.7
5,088
64.8
778
13.3
5,902
75.1
5,149
65.5
753
12.8
5,904
75.0
5,149
65.4
755
12.8
5,924
75.1
5,161
65.4
763
12.9
5,948
75.3
5,157
65.3
791
13.3
5,939
75.0
5,170
65.3
769
12.9
5,885
74.2
5,110
64.5
775
13.2
5,906
74.4
5,116
64.5
790
13.4
5,932
74.6
5,153
64.8
779
13.1
5,934
74.5
5,171
65.0
763
12.9
5,947
74.5
5,244
65.7
703
11.8
5,986
74.9
5,256
65.7
730
12.2
6,012
75.1
5,288
66.0
724
12.0
5,792
58.6
5,068
51.3
724
12.5
5,799
58.6
5,084
51.4
715
12.3
5,853
59.1
5,120
51.7
733
12.5
5,876
59.2
5,130
51.7
746
12.7
5,848
58.8
5,107
51.4
741
12.7
5,848
58.8
5,141
51.6
707
12.1
5,841
58.6
5,112
51.3
729
12.5
5,872
58.8
5,145
51.5
727
12.4
5,909
59.1
5,178
51.8
731
12.4
5,943
59.3
5,200
51.9
743
12.5
5,907
58.9
5,182
51.7
725
12.3
5,984
59.6
5,221
52.0
763
12.8
6,030
59.9
5,255
52.2
775
12.9
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
38
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally
adjusted—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1986
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
1987
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
BLACK—Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
914
42.8
548
25.6
366
40.0
39.5
40.7
933
43.7
537
25.2
396
42.4
42.6
42.2
921
43.2
548
25.7
373
40.5
40.5
40.5
930
43.5
540
25.3
390
41.9
41.2
42.7
916
42.9
554
26.0
362
39.5
39.7
39.4
824
38.7
511
24.0
313
38.0
40.5
35.0
827
38.8
494
23.1
333
40.3
38.8
41.9
874
40.9
538
25.2
336
38.4
38.6
38.3
879
41.1
564
26.3
315
35.8
37.8
33.8
842
39.3
539
25.1
303
36.0
35.0
37.0
853
39.8
542
25.3
311
36.5
36.1
36.9
860
40.1
520
24.2
340
39.5
36.5
43.2
915
42.6
559
26.0
356
38.9
38.3
39.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio2..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
12,184 12,219 12,255 12,290 12,326 12,362 12,397 12,432 12,469 12,505 12,540 12,653 12,692
7,922 7,926 7,969 8,006 8,085 8,121 8,130 8,179 8,200 8,226 8,320 8,431 8,457
65.7
66.3
66.6
66.6
65.6
65.8
65.8
65.1
65.6
65.8
64.9
65.0
65.0
7,095 7,129 7,136 7,224 7,269 7,248 7,286 7,345 7,437 7,446 7,538 7,644
6,991
59.4
59.6
60.2
58.8
58.5
58.9
59.5
58.1
58.6
58.6
58.1
58.2
57.4
874
893
852
882
855
789
813
870
861
893
831
840
931
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.5
10.8
9.6
10.9
10.6
10.9
10.5
10.5
11.8
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.
2
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
A-35. Employed civilians by selected social and economic categories, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1986
1987
Category
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec,
Jan.
Feb.
CHARACTERISTIC
108,557 108,807 108,969 109,165 109,613 109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382
39,363 39,396 39,504 39,582 39,613 39,634 39,735 39,691 39,780 39,952 40,093 40,102 39,913
26,695 26,761 26,889 27,016 27,354 27,474 27,388 27,249 27,323 27,333 27,400 27,525 27,817
5,723 5,754 5,799 5,734 5,719 5,812 5,832 5,926 6,016 6,041 6,005 5,985 5,906
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF
WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
....
1,512
1,444
158
1,655
1,450
169
1,539
1,467
173
1,489
1,472
177
1,508
1,492
163
1,504
1,434
171
1,509
1,387
174
1,521
1,460
159
1,562
1,451
164
1,582
1,425
198
1,621
1,400
152
1,650
1,370
136
1,647
1,454
126
97,500
16,155
81,345
1,208
80,137
7,711
261
97,661
16,160
81,501
1,227
80,274
7,713
243
97,858
16,231
81,627
1,309
80,318
7,634
251
98,047
16,333
81,714
1,261
80,453
7,793
235
98,314
16,377
81,937
1,267
80,670
7,832
236
98,312
16,582
81,730
1,241
80,489
8,019
258
98,586
16,446
82,140
1,247
80,893
7,956
271
98,692
16,333
82,359
1,229
81,130
7,939
275
98,846
16,264
82,582
1,216
81,366
7,993
265
98,869
16,457
82,412
1,183
81,229
8,179
252
99,164
16,443
82,721
1,189
81,532
8,056
239
99,550
16,412
83,138
1,269
81,869
8,192
246
99,748
16,532
83,216
1,204
82,012
8,187
255
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
5,446 5,548 5,853 5,825 5,538 5,442 5,471 5,544 5,740 5,563 5,596 5,505 5,780
2,385 2,352 2,534 2,605 2,437 2,473 2,417 2,472 2,481 2,510 2,444 2,473 2,535
2,724 2,908 2,922 2,843 2,813 2,661
2,741
2,772 2,826 2,714 2,867 2,695 2,828
13,800 13,778 13,900 13,853 14,142 13,967 13,981 13,922 14,178 14,021 13,877 14,170 14,061
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
5,214 5,295 5,567 5,569 5,322 5,222 5,269 5,303 5,450 5,319 5,342 5,201
5,459
2,242 2,160 2,382 2,485 2,307 2,317 2,283 2,314 2,314 2,366 2,266 2,281 2,340
2,669 2,619 2,806 2,749 2,727 2,609 2,678 2,710 2,739 2,626 2,765 2,599 2,742
13,354 13,351 13,528 13,412 13,613 13,578 13,606 13,520 13,736 13,567 13,455 13,750 13,597
1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey
period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.
39
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-36. Employed civilians by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1986
1987
Sex and age
Feb.
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
108,557 108,807 108,969 109,165 109,613 109,887 110,067 109,987 110,192 110,432 110,637 111,011 111,382
20,450
6,441
2,554
3,897
14,009
88,119
73,926
14,131
20,418
6,485
2,652
3,877
13,933
88,422
74,164
14,230
20,298
6,483
2,619
3,842
13,815
88,650
74,398
14,266
20,211
6,492
2,612
3,873
13,719
88,916
74,464
14,352
20,250
6,434
2,611
3,821
13,816
89,387
74,894
14,501
20,268
6,474
2,605
3,830
13,794
89,730
75,207
14,447
20,281
6,526
2,593
3,903
13,755
89,792
75,405
14,445
20,163
6,475
2,670
3,804
13,688
89,796
75,582
14,269
20,263
6,577
2,714
3,877
13,686
89,899
75,714
14,223
20,201
6,482
2,648
3,843
13,719
90,221
75,889
14,341
20,093
6,478
2,717
3,771
13,615
90,524
76,247
14,349
20,237
6,524
2,713
3,816
13,713
90,725
76,281
14,450
20,293
6,582
2,727
3,844
13,711
91,104
76,680
14,363
60,603 60,681 60,712 60,668 60,793 60,884 60,942 60,968 60,975 61,241 61,393 61,596 61,751
10,735 10,661 10,576 10,496 10,509 10,590 10,567 10,528 10,587 10,546 10,449 10,526 10,608
3,307 3,293 3,320 3,330 3,271 3,340 3,357 3,361 3,380 3,358 3,292 3,369 3,426
1,357
1,367
1,356
1,355
1,328
1,325
1,350
1,391
1,399
1,353
1,395
1,373
1,425
1,942
1,996
1,970 2,005 1,965 2,003 2,009 1,933
1,923
1,960
1,960
1,974
2,000
7,428 7,368 7,256 7,166 7,238 7,250 7,210 7,167 7,207 7,188 7,157 7,156 7,182
49,899 50,057 50,142 50,152 50,267 50,321 50,393 50,419 50,348 50,705 50,943 51,053 51,207
41,542 41,626 41,720 41,637 41,853 41,884 42,050 42,124 42,049 42,278 42,485 42,569 42,702
8,329 8,411 8,426 8,462 8,441 8,402 8,357 8,323 8,329 8,428 8,507 8,458 8,470
47,954 48,126 48,257 48,497 48,820 49,003 49,125 49,019 49,217 49,191 49,244 49,415 49,631
9,715 9,757 9,722 9,715 9,741 9,678 9,714 9,635 9,676 9,655 9,644 9,711
9,685
3,134 3,192 3,163 3,162 3,163 3,134 3,169 3,114 3,197 3,124 3,186 3,154 3,155
1,226
1,248
1,245
1,263
1,297
1,271
1,268
1,261
1,344
1,323
1,295
1,302
1,318
1,882
1,901
1,860
1,913
1,935
1,874
1,839
1,898
1,898
1,838
1,834
1,844
1,842
6,581 6,565 6,559 6,553 6,578 6,544 6,545 6,521 6,479 6,531 6,458 6,557 6,529
38,220 38,365 38,508 38,764 39,120 39,409 39,399 39,377 39,551 39,516 39,581 39,672 39,897
32,384 32,538 32,678 32,827 33,041 33,323 33,355 33,458 33,665 33,611 33,762 33,712 33,978
5,802 5,819 5,840 5,890 6,060 6,045 6,088 5,946 5,894 5,913 5,842 5,992 5,893
A-37. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1986
1987
Sex and age
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
40
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
8,485
8,380
8,323
8,422
8,392
8,230
8,057
8,285
8,222
8,243
7,949
8,023
7,967
3,206
1,500
704
806
1,706
5,275
4,641
631
3,125
1,460
653
808
1,665
5,239
4,615
623
3,218
1,548
686
868
1,670
5,097
4,521
576
3,242
1,504
686
816
1,738
5,161
4,634
556
3,157
1,502
681
813
1,655
5,212
4,677
569
3,071
1,409
642
740
1,662
5,148
4,584
574
3,001
1,429
641
787
1,572
5,087
4,525
561
3,173
1,465
668
790
1,708
5,130
4,523
587
3,022
1,414
647
766
1,608
5,197
4,597
603
3,005
1,447
686
768
1,558
5,230
4,630
571
2,986
1,359
629
737
1,627
4,961
4,422
527
3,045
1,402
683
735
1,643
5,024
4,552
477
3,049
1,446
693
765
1,603
4,912
4,459
452
4,595
4,572
4,517
4,653
4,619
4,566
4,428
4,600
4,565
4,574
4,439
4,484
4,429
1,694
799
395
414
895
2,906
2,528
373
1,694
783
349
434
911
2,867
2,494
364
1,757
829
363
467
928
2,758
2,420
348
1,778
833
369
464
945
2,855
2,536
344
1,699
811
337
463
888
2,885
2,551
363
1,660
755
345
395
905
2,896
2,548
350
1,625
794
350
441
831
2,835
2,471
356
1,761
795
373
416
966
2,857
2,472
364
1,615
751
344
409
864
2,945
2,558
385
1,635
754
366
388
881
2,931
2,568
361
1,623
714
325
395
909
2,809
2,462
351
1,626
764
380
401
862
2,901
2,578
310
1,673
781
383
410
892
2,760
2,461
293
3,890
3,808
3,806
3,769
3,773
3,664
3,629
3,685
3,657
3,669
3,510
3,538
3,538
1,512
701
309
392
811
2,369
2,113
258
1,431
677
304
374
754
2,372
2,121
259
1,461
719
323
401
742
2,339
2,101
228
1,464
671
317
352
793
2,306
2,098
212
1,458
691
344
350
767
2,327
2,126
206
1,411
654
297
345
757
2,252
2,036
224
1,376
635
291
346
741
2,252
2,054
205
1,412
670
295
374
742
2,273
2,051
223
1,407
663
303
357
744
2,252
2,039
218
1,370
693
320
380
677
2,299
2,062
210
1,363
645
304
342
718
2,152
1,960
176
1,419
638
303
334
781
2,124
1,974
167
1,375
665
310
355
710
2,152
1,998
158
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Unemployment rates by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Civilian workers)
1986
1987
Sex and age
Total, 16 years and over ...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
7.2
7.2
7.1
7.2
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7
6.7
6.7
13.6
18.9
21.6
13.3
18.4
19.8
17.2
13.7
19.3
13.8
18.8
20.8
17.4
11.2
5.5
13.5
13.2
17.9
19.8
16.2
10.8
5.4
5.7
12.9
13.1
17.3
17.7
20.1
13.1
18.0
20.3
16.2
10.7
5.2
5.6
3.2
16.6
10.5
5.1
5.5
3.0
17.1
10.9
5.6
5.9
4.3
Men, 16 years and over ....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
10.7
5.6
5.9
4.2
20.8
18.4
10.8
5.4
5.7
3.9
5.9
3.7
18.9
20.7
17.5
10.7
5.5
5.9
3.8
3.8
12.9
13.6
13.0
12.9
18.0
18.5
20.0
17.2
17.7
11.1
5.4
5.6
4.0
10.5
5.5
5.7
18.2
20.6
16.7
10.2
5.5
5.8
3.8
19.8
16.8
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.7
19.3
16.5
4.1
18.8
16.3
10.7
5.2
5.5
3.5
7.0
7.0
6.9
7.1
7.1
7.0
6.8
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.7
6.8
6.7
13.6
19.5
22.9
17.2
13.7
13.6
18.4
20.3
19.1
21.0
13.2
18.2
19.8
13.4
18.3
13.4
19.9
20.0
13.4
18.5
13.6
18.6
16.7
17.5
17.0
17.0
10.8
5.5
5.7
4.3
11.0
5.4
5.7
4.1
11.3
5.2
5.5
4.0
11.7
5.4
5.7
19.4
10.9
5.4
5.7
4.1
21.4
16.9
21.2
19.1
21.3
16.2
19.1
19.2
13.3
19.1
20.9
18.0
14.3
21.1
14.5
20.0
21.3
13.9
19.2
20.5
18.3
14.2
20.0
11.1
5.4
5.7
4.0
10.3
5.3
5.6
4.1
11.9
5.4
5.5
4.2
10.7
5.5
5.7
4.4
10.9
5.5
5.7
11.3
5.2
5.5
4.0
10.7
5.4
5.7
3.5
11.1
3.9
4.1
17.8
17.0
5.1
5.4
3.3
7.5
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.2
7.0
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.9
6.7
6.7
6.7
13.5
18.3
20.1
17.1
11.0
5.8
12.8
13.1
18.5
20.4
17.6
13.1
13.0
12.7
12.4
16.7
12.8
17.7
18.8
16.9
12.7
17.2
12.4
12.4
16.8
18.4
12.7
12.4
16.8
18.7
17.4
15.3
10.2
5.5
10.3
5.4
5.7
3.6
15.7
10.0
5.2
5.5
10.6
16.1
9.8
5.1
5.5
2.7
5.1
5.6
2.6
6.1
4.3
17.5
19.0
16.2
10.3
5.8
6.1
4.3
10.2
5.7
6.0
3.8
17.5
20.3
15.5
10.8
5.6
6.0
3.5
17.9
17.3
21.4
19.2
15.6
10.4
5.6
6.0
3.3
15.6
10.4
5.4
5.8
3.6
18.7
15.4
10.2
5.4
5.8
3.3
5.8
3.6
18.2
19.8
18.6
17.2
9.4
5.5
16.0
5.8
3.4
2.9
19.2
A-39. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
(Unemployment rates)
1987
1986
Category
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug. Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
7.2
6.2
6.6
18.9
7.2
6.2
6.5
18.4
7.1
6.0
6.4
19.3
7.2
6.2
6.4
7.1
6.2
6.3
6.8
5.9
6.1
7.0
6.2
6.2
18.8
18.9
7.0
6.2
6.2
17.9
6.9
6.2
6.1
18.2
6.7
6.0
5.9
17.3
6.7
6.0
5.9
6.7
5.9
5.8
18.5
6.9
6.2
6.1
17.7
18.0
6.3 6.2
13.3 13.4
14.9 14.8
11.8 10.5
6.1
13.5
14.8
10.5
6.2
13.5
14.8
10.9
6.1
13.5
14.9
10.6
6.0
12.7
14.2
10.5
17.7
18.0
5.8
13.1
14.6
10.8
6.0
13.1
14.6
10.9
6.0
12.7
14.3
10.4
6.0
12.7
14.2
5.9
12.6
14.3
10.6
5.7
12.8
14.3
9.6
5.8
12.3
13.7
10.5
4.2
5.1
CHARACTERISTIC
Total (all civilian workers)
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin
9.6
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
4.5
5.5
9.9
4.5
5.5
10.1
4.2
5.3
9.5
4.4
5.3
10.1
4.5
5.2
10.0
4.4
5.2
9.5
10.1
4.3
5.1
9.8
4.6
5.0
8.9
4.5
5.0
9.7
4.3
4.8
9.8
4.2
4.8
9.8
4.2
4.8
9.5
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2
6.9
9.3
2.0
8.1
6.8
9.1
1.9
8.1
6.7
9.4
1.8
8.1
6.9
9.1
1.9
8.2
6.7
9.1
1.9
8.1
6.6
9.2
1.9
7.8
6.4
9.3
1.9
7.7
6.6
9.3
2.0
7.9
6.6
9.2
1.8
7.8
6.6
9.1
1.9
7.7
6.3
8.8
1.8
7.6
6.4
9.0
1.8
7.6
6.3
8.7
1.8
7.6
7.2 7.1
9.5 10.5
13.0 13.0
7.3 7.2
7.4 6.9
7.1
7.6
5.3 5.8
7.8 7.7
5.9
5.6
13.8 12.1
7.1
12.4
12.3
6.9
6.9
6.9
5.5
7.2 7.1
13.6 17.3
12.4
7.2
7.0
7.5
5.4
7.9 7.7
5.5
5.5
15.3 13.2
7.1
16.6
13.0
6.9
16.6
12.4
6.9
6.8
6.9
4.8
7.5
5.6
13.3
7.0
13.9
7.0
14.5
13.8
7.3
7.0
14.5
6.8
14.1
13.0
7.4
7.3
7.5
5.3
15.1
13.7
6.9
6.4
7.7
4.6
7.2
6.7
14.0
12.2
6.8
6.6
12.4
11.6
6.8
6.8
6.8
4.8
7.5
5.2
6.8
6.9
4.0
7.2
5.4
11.6
11.2
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers
7.9
5.8
13.4
6.9
6.7
7.2
5.5
7.8
5.7
11.4
12.9
7.0
6.5
7.7
4.7
7.6
5.6
7.1
7.2 6.6
7.3 7.9
5.2 4.4
7.4
7.2
5.4 5.4
11.9 10.1
12.9
5.1
11.5
I
1
?
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force
hours.
41
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-40. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1986
1987
Weeks of unemployment
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
3,534
2,615
2,332
1,142
1,190
3,536
2,625
2,243
1,078
1,165
3,565
2,650
2,130
982
1,148
3,610
2,671
2,232
1,065
1,167
3,415
2,650
2,299
1,038
1,261
3,399
2,521
2,250
1,058
1,192
3,436
2,407
2,272
1,068
1,204
3,415
2,524
2,373
1,110
1,263
3,418
2,563
2,168
950
1,218
3,382
2,613
2,217
1,045
1,172
3,355
2,389
2,171
1,023
1,148
3,416
2,530
2,200
1,022
1,178
3,361
2,477
2,131
1,008
1,123
15.2
14.6
6.8
14.7
6.6
14.8
6.8
15.2
7.2
15.1
7.1
15.6
7.1
15.5
7.1
15.2
7.0
14.8
7.0
15.0
7.1
15.0
7.0
14.6
6.6
100.0
41.7
30.8
27.5
13.5
14.0
100.0
42.1
31.2
26.7
12.8
13.9
100.0
42.7
31.8
25.5
11.8
13.8
100.0
42.4
31.4
26.2
12.5
13.7
100.0
40.8
31.7
27.5
12.4
15.1
100.0
41.6
30.9
27.5
12.9
14.6
100.0
42.3
29.7
28.0
13.2
14.8
100.0
41.1
30.4
28.5
13.4
15.2
100.0
41.9
31.5
26.6
11.7
14.9
100.0
41.2
31.8
27.0
12.7
14.3
100.0
42.4
30.2
27.4
12.9
14.5
100.0
41.9
31.1
27.0
12.5
14.5
100.0
42.2
31.1
26.7
12.7
14.1
DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
A-41. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
1986
1987
Reasons for unemployment
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
4,147
1,136
3,011
985
2,263
1,073
4,210
1,144
3,066
989
2,196
1,006
4,035
1,057
2,978
1,071
2,188
1,048
4,214
1,118
3,096
979
2,200
1,046
4,272
1,074
3,198
1,009
2,107
1,050
4,063
1,078
2,985
1,025
2,205
989
3,824
1,017
2,807
990
2,199
1,014
4,044
1,029
3,015
1,041
2,145
1,038
3,984
1,072
2,912
1,027
2,190
972
3,947
1,073
2,874
1,056
2,119
1,076
3,890
1,078
2,812
1,036
2,019
1,015
3,971
1,118
2,854
891
2,054
1,084
3,839
998
2,842
1,046
2,042
1,040
100.0
49.0
13.4
35.6
11.6
26.7
12.7
100.0
50.1
13.6
36.5
11.8
26.1
12.0
100.0
48.4
12.7
35.7
12.8
26.2
12.6
100.0
49.9
13.2
36.7
11.6
26.1
12.4
100.0
50.6
12.7
37.9
12.0
25.0
12.4
100.0
49.1
13.0
36.0
12.4
26.6
11.9
100.0
47.6
12.7
35.0
12.3
27.4
12.6
100.0
48.9
12.4
36.5
12.6
25.9
12.6
100.0
48.7
13.1
35.6
12.6
26.8
11.9
100.0
48.1
13.1
35.1
12.9
25.8
13.1
100.0
48.9
13.5
35.3
13.0
25.4
12.8
100.0
49.6
14.0
35.7
11.1
25.7
13.6
100.0
48.2
12.5
35.7
13.1
25.6
13.1
3.5
.8
1.9
.9
3.6
.8
1.9
.9
3.4
.9
1.9
.9
3.6
.8
1.9
.9
3.6
.9
1.8
.9
3.4
.9
1.9
.8
3.2
.8
1.9
.9
3.4
.9
1.8
.9
3.4
.9
1.8
.8
3.3
.9
1.8
.9
3.3
.9
1.7
.9
3.3
.7
1.7
3.2
.9
1.7
.9
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
42
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1.
Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major Industry, 1935 to date
(In thousands)
Goods-producing
Year
and
month
Total
Total
private
Total
Mining
Construction
Service-producing
Manufacturing
Transportation
and
public
utilities
Total
Wholesale
trade
Retail
trade
Finance,
insurance,
and
Services
real
estate
Government
Federal
State
Local
o
(1)
Annual averages
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
...
...
...
...
...
27,039
29,068
31,011
29,194
30,603
23,558
25,400
27,255
25,311
26,608
10,893
11,933
12,936
11,401
12,297
897
946
1,015
891
854
927
1,160
1,127
1,070
1,165
9,069
9,827
10,794
9,440
1940 ...
1948 ...
1949 ...
32,361
36,539
40,106
42,434
41,864
40,374
41,652
43,857
44,866
43,754
28,159
31,877
34,624
36,356
35,822
34,431
36,056
38,382
39,216
37,897
13,221
15,963
18,470
20,114
19,328
17,507
17,248
18,509
18,774
17,565
925
957
992
925
892
836
862
955
994
930
1950 ...
1951 ..,
1952 ...
1953 ...
1954 ...
1955 ...
1956 ...
1957 ...
1958 ...
19592 .
45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,853
51,324
53,268
39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186
18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,964
19,513
20,411
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,765
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384
45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189
70,880
71,214
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823
90,406
91,156
89,566
90,200
94,496
97,614
100,167
1941 ...
1942 ...
1943 ...
1944 ...
1945 ..,
1946 ...
1947 ...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1967 ..
1968 ...
1969 ..
1970 ..
1971 ..
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1980 ..
1981 ...
1982 ...
1983 ...
1984 ...
1985 ...
1986 ...
(1)
(1)
(1)
10,278
16,146
17,135
18,075
17,793
18,306
2,786
2,973
3,134
2,863
2,936
1,311
1,814
2,198
1,587
1,108
1,147
1,683
2,009
2,198
2,194
10,985
13,192
15,280
17,602
17,328
15,524
14,703
15,545
15,582
14,441
19,140
20,574
21,636
22,320
22,536
22,867
24,404
25,348
26,092
26,189
3,038
3,274
3,460
3,647
3,829
3,906
4,061
4,166
4,189
4,001
1,960
1,906
1,822
1,845
1,949
2,291
2,471
2,605
2,602
901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732
2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004
15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,174
15,945
16,675
26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,266
31,889
31,811
32,857
4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011
20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361
712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619
2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575
16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167
33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,160
46,023
58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876
23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461
623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958
3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463
19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040
74,166
75,126
73,729
74,330
78,472
81,199
83,432
25,658
25,497
23,813
23,334
24,727
24,930
24,938
1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
930
792
4,346
4,188
3,905
3,948
4,383
4,687
4,960
20,285
20,170
18,781
18,434
19,378
19,314
19,186
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,320
1,373
1,417
1,410
1,447
3,128
3,312
3,503
3,458
3,502
753
826
833
829
905
0
V)
(11)
(1)
()
(1)
5,251
5,212
5,160
5,214
5,365
6,084
6,485
6,667
6,662
1,485
1,525
1,509
1,481
1,461
1,481
1,675
1,728
1,800
1,828
3,665
3,905
4,066
4,130
4,145
4,222
4,697
5,025
5,181
5,240
996
1,340
2,213
2,905
2,928
2,808
2,254
1,892
1,863
1,908
O
(11)
()
01
()
01
(1)
(1)
(1)
()
2,635
2,727
2,812
2,854
2,867
2,926
3,018
3,028
2,980
3,082
6,751
7,015
7,192
7,393
7,368
7,610
7,840
7,858
7,770
8,045
1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549
5,357
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087
1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233
(11)
(1)
(1)
()
(11)
()
0
1,328
1,415
1,484
4,071
4,232
4,366
4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442
3,143
3,133
3,198
3,248
3,337
3,466
3,597
3,689
3,779
3,907
8,248
8,204
8,368
8,530
8,823
9,250
9,648
9,917
10,320
10,798
2,629
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512
7,378
7,620
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169
2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758
1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533
4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904
47,302
48,278
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363
4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136
3,993
4,001
4,113
4,277
4,433
4,415
4,546
4,708
4,969
5,204
11,047
11,351
11,836
12,329
12,554
12,645
13,209
13,808
14,573
14,989
3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975
11,548
11,797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,303
16,252
17,112
2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773
2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541
7,158
7,437
7,790
64,748
65,659
65,753
66,866
69,769
72,684
75,229
5,146
5,165
5,082
4,954
5,159
5,242
5,286
5,275
5,358
5,278
5,268
5,555
5,740
5,853
15,035
15,189
15,179
15,613
16,545
17,360
17,978
5,160
5,298
5,341
5,468
5,689
5,953
6,305
17,890
18,619
19,036
19,694
20,797
21,974
23,072
2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899
3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,848
3,937
9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,692
9,899
9,839
9,849
9,859
9,885
9,880
9,810
9,834
9,941
01
()
(1)
V)1
( 1)
()
(11)
()
o1
()
0
0
()
0
0
1
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
1986:
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1987:
January"
February
1
99,429
99,484
99,783
99,918
99,843
100,105
100,283
100,560
100,826
101,068
101,322
82,748
82,785
83,072
83,198
83,161
83,508
83,655
83,786
83,956
84,178
84,394
25,038
24,945
25,038
24,965
24,854
24,869
24,888
24,858
24,865
24,891
24,920
880
852
821
790
772
768
753
743
746
742
738
4,864
4,838
4,972
4,974
4,947
4,980
5,012
5,010
5,001
4,993
4,996
19,294
19,255
19,245
19,201
19,135
19,121
19,123
19,105
19,118
19,156
19,186
74,391
74,539
74,745
74,953
74,989
75,236
75,395
75,702
75,961
76,177
76,402
5,277
5,280
5,266
5,265
5,167
5,288
5,255
5,316
5,316
5,351
5,359
5,843
5,841
5,864
5,872
5,829
5,849
5,863
5,859
5,864
5,859
5,859
17,795
17,828
17,851
17,911
17,944
17,992
18,030
18,065
18,143
18,197
18,206
6,157
6,184
6,228
6,261
6,295
6,334
6,364
6,388
6,409
6,429
6,472
22,638
22,707
22,825
22,924
23,072
23,176
23,255
23,300
23,359
23,451
23,578
2,918
2,923
2,914
2,899
2,875
2,866
2,875
2,901
2,896
2,899
2,907
3,924
3,927
3,938
3,936
3,927
3,921
3,919
3,932
3,959
3,965
3,983
101,641
101,978
84,738
85,062
25,009
25,059
729
727
5,109
5,111
19,171
19,221
76,632
76,919
5,378
5,383
5,867
5,878
18,323
18,452
6,496
6,512
23,665
23,778
2,908
2,917
3,979
3,977
Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 1959
benchmark month.
p
= preliminary.
2
10,015
10,026
10,038
10,016
10,022
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1985
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted
data (beginning April 1985) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January
1982) are subject to revision.
43
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)
Industry
1972
SIC
Code
Total
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
67,149 67,184
630
521
505
42.3
8.4
13.6
31.4
6.4
9.7
32.9
6.6
10.3
31.3
6.0
10.7
31.7
6.3
10.8
143.7
141.9
148.2
146.7
138.4
136.5
134.2
132.4
295.5
112.1
183.3
375.4
121.2
254.2
270.7
106.4
164.3
264.3
105.0
159.3
83.3
30.3
73.6
26.3
80.2
29.0
75.1
25.9
4,574
3,890
3,450
3,844
3,592
1,306.9 1,231.9 1,288.8 1,236.0 1,208.2
654.0 604.5 646.1
620.8
57.6
57.9
54.1
54.4
569.5 588.6
595.3
560.8
969.9
472.7
31.0
466.3
905.6
431.9
30.5
443.2
952.7
464.1
28.1
460.5
898.5
438.6
27.7
432.2
644.2
234.1
410.1
535.6
152.8
382.8
597.2
204.9
392.3
529.7
170.1
359.6
891
738
724
42.4
8.5
12.6
44.6
8.8
13.7
42.1
8.0
13.5
10
101
102
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining
11,12
12
175.7
173.4
181.6
179.6
168.5
166.2
164.6
162.5
Oil and gas extraction
13
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids ... 131,2
138
Oil and gas field services
463.6
232.7
230.8
564.1
252.8
311.3
421.1
215.2
205.9
416.3
214.3
202.0
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels ,
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals...
109.6
37.7
34.0
19.5
100.3
33.5
30.5
19.0
105.9
36.6
31.5
19.6
100.9
33.9
29.8
19.5
4,960
4,481
4,926
4,675
14
142
144
147
Construction.
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
15
152
153
154
Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway.
16
161
162
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning ...
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating .
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
Manufacturing .
Durable goods.
Dec.
1986
554
792
Metal mining...
Iron ores
Copper ores.
44
Jan.
1986
83,432 81,286 84,816 83,319 83,423 67,455 65,558
Mining.
See footnotes at end of table.
Avg.
1986
100,167 97,903 101,975 100,200 100,610
Total private.
Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
Feb.
1987P
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
773.9
279.8
494.1
667.7
194.6
473.1
721.2
251.3
717
408.5
652.1
215.3
436.8
501
3,483
2,275.7 2,009.2 2,294.4 2,163.7
476.3 450.3 489.4 477.4
119.9
142.0
133.8
143.1
387.9 429.6 411.7
411.5
353.2 414.9
392.2
407.2
118.7
131.8
128.8
135.2
151.4
175.6
162.1
171.5
2,879.5 2,581.3 2,915.5 2,786.9
646.5 615.3
664.0 652.6
162.5
147.8
170.8
171.8
535.7
504.6
551.5
530.3
416.5
488.2 465.6
476.0
171.0
158.1
173.4
176.6
204.3
190.2 218.1
212.0
12,969 13,043
12,892 12,958
19,186
19,140
19,173
19,009
19,069
13,023
11,345
11,395
11,289
11,203
11,246
7,495
7,537
7,466
7,390
7,438
726.9
81.5
199.2
164.0
31.6
256.0
99.0
68.4
24.8
40.9
41.8
70.9
49.5
77.4
689.7
77.6
191.2
157.2
30.7
236.7
90.6
64.1
23.5
38.8
40.3
67.6
48.5
76.3
735.5
81.2
203.6
166.9
33.0
262.4
100.2
71.9
25.2
42.3
40.4
69.9
47.9
78.0
726.6
77.3
201.7
165.2
32.9
260.8
100.4
71.2
25.4
42.0
40.8
68.3
47.0
77.7
730.1
610.1
69.1
174.9
144.0
27.8
212.5
80.0
55.4
21.7
37.5
35.4
53.9
39.6
64.3
579.0
65.3
168.6
139.0
26.9
196.1
72.6
52.1
20.7
35.7
33.9
51.3
38.6
63.8
615.1
68.6
177.7
145.4
29.0
217.3
80.7
58.2
22.2
38.6
34.0
52.8
38.5
64.7
605.0
64.9
175.6
143.5
28.9
215.0
80.6
57.2
22.1
38.3
34.3
51.3
37.6
63.9
608.1
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
1972
SIC
Code
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
25
251
497.0
296.0
494.8
294.9
505.4
302.9
2511
2512
2514
132.2
93.1
29.8
28.3
131.4
135.3
92.5
30.0
95.7
32.3
77.1
24.3
28.2
66.9
26.6
69.7
38.0
68.0
38.4
37.8
37.9
21.6
52.0
20.2
50.7
26.0
21.6
66.8
26.5
95.7
31.9
28.0
67.7
27.5
69.5
49.6
26.3
32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
594.7
14.9
92.2
48.0
44.1
53.4
22.7
37.7
35.0
214.6
19.9
70.8
103.2
586.4
14.6
91.9
47.6
44.3
54.0
22.4
37.8
34.7
209.1
19.9
68.5
574.2
14.7
91.8
47.2
44.6
53.3
21.5
37.1
34.6
572.0
100.0
201.4
19.6
66.2
95.0
329
3291
3292
3296
112.4
20.1
10.4
26.9
573.6
15.5
90.3
47.0
43.3
52.1
22.3
36.8
35.2
197.0
18.5
66.8
91.1
113.0
20.4
10.3
26.8
109.9
20.2
10.3
25.7
108.3
20.0
10.2
24.8
458.3
11.6
78.6
43.2
35.4
37.7
17.8
29.2
27.5
166.8
13.3
54.2
83.2
79.7
13.3
7.8
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries
33
331
3312
768.0
283.2
218.5
22.3
135.5
85.0
798.5
300.0
234.4
23.3
139.5
87.8
10.0
28.0
42.3
746.1
266.9
203.6
743.2
264.4
762.0
281.0
578.6
216.7
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
34
341
3411
342
3423,5
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Mineral wool
2515
252
253
254
259
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
9.5
27.2
39.2
21.7
184.5
23.7
29.5
79.3
83.3
51.5
28.4
23.9
187.6
23.5
30.8
80.8
85.0
52.7
21.5
132.7
83.1
8.9
26.4
39.5
22.5
183.8
23.6
29.2
79.1
82.2
50.4
503.7
303.5
135.4
504.6
66.4
27.2
68.7
201.1
21.5
132.6
82.8
8.9
26.5
40.0
23.0
182.1
23.2
29.1
77.8
82.4
50.8
397.9
248.9
115.3
169.2
16.1
106.6
69.3
6.7
20.0
26.8
14.8
130.3
18.4
21.1
55.7
66.9
42.0
395.6
247.6
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
404.2
405.8
256.0
118.3
79.8
26.3
21.3
52.8
403.8
21.3
50.1
25.6
21.0
49.3
25.5
438.1
12.2
76.9
42.1
34.8
36.4
17.3
28.3
28.1
150.8
12.2
50.5
72.0
79.1
13.5
7.7
451.4
11.4
78.4
42.9
35.5
38.2
17.5
29.5
27.2
161.4
13.2
52.0
80.2
78.5
13.4
7.9
439.8
11.4
78.3
42.4
35.9
37.4
16.6
29.1
27.1
153.6
13.0
49.5
75.2
77.5
13.3
7.8
439.6
607.0
232.2
184.4
16.9
110.0
71.8
7.3
20.6
29.8
17.4
557.5
199.9
153.2
554.2
197.1
150.4
573.1
212.8
15.4
26.8
15.5
103.6
67.0
6.3
19.5
27.5
21.9
58.2
15.0
130.3
18.4
21.1
55.4
129.1
18.0
21.1
54.3
68.4
43.2
66.2
41.2
66.5
41.7
114.6
76.2
24.6
51.9
20.2
133.5
18.0
104.2
67.7
6.3
19.4
256.5
118.7
79.6
26.7
21.3
51.5
15.6
1,439.3 1,446.6 1,435.5 1,423.2 1,421.2 1,063.0 1,068.2 1,061.7 1,050.6 1,049.5
48.4
48.5
48.3
49.9
56.7
56.9
58.2
56.7
39.4
39.8
39.6
40.8
45.2
46.6
45.6
45.5
105.1
104.3
102.1
103.9
141.6 142.3 142.1 139.4
35.4
35.2
35.6
35.1
48.9
48.5
48.2
48.6
59.7
58.6
60.7
59.8
79.4
79.8
80.8
78.1
48.3
47.1
47.6
47.1
67.0
66.0
66.0
66.2
18.2
18.2
18.8
25.3
18.4
25.3
25.6
25.0
21.6
20.7
19.7
20.4
30.7
29.2
29.7
29.9
305.4 301.7 303.9 298.0
434.4 432.3 432.3 426.4
50.9
53.5
50.4
52.3
72.5
74.0
75.6
71.7
65.5
67.9
65.5
68.6
91.8
88.7
92.2
89.3
58.8
58.0
61.3
59.4
93.8
97.5
94.8
93.3
81.5
80.3
79.2
80.8
109.3 108.0 110.0 108.8
21.4
20.2
21.4
21.0
28.8
28.5
27.9
29.0
See footnotes at end of table.
45
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products
1972
SIC
Code
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment ...
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment ....
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves .
Machinery, except electrical, nee
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
,
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ,
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers ....
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
See footnotes at end of table.
46
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
96.6
45.1
51.4
236.0
32.6
242.5
34.1
101.2
91.6
113.3
75.2
38.1
79.3
45.2
214.0
81.3
51.1
105.9
91.8
112.5
75.2
37.3
78.0
44.3
220.1
84.7
51.3
96.0
45.1
50.9
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
97.1
45.3
51.8
233.4
31.2
100.1
91.5
116.0
76.6
39.4
81.2
47.1
232.4
31.6
99.0
91.2
115.9
76.6
39.3
81.1
46.9
209.7
78.5
50.7
208.3
78.1
50.2
96.8
45.1
51.7
Feb.
1987P
Avg.
1986
73.5
36.5
36.9
189.2
24.9
86.5
70.0
90.8
60.8
30.0
49.6
28.0
153.6
53.6
38.6
Jan.
1986
73.1
36.5
36.6
195.0
26.2
91.1
69.9
90.3
61.0
29.3
49.0
27.2
158.4
56.4
39.0
Dec.
1986
74.1
36.9
37.2
187.4
23.9
85.7
70.1
93.1
62.1
31.0
51.6
29.7
150.6
51.9
38.2
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
73.8
36.8
37.0
186.1
24.3
84.4
69.7
92.9
62.2
30.7
52.1
30.1
149.7
51.6
37.8
2,081.7 2,133.6 2,031.9 2,027.3 2,042.2 1,242.0 1,279.8 1,206.2 1,206.9 1,222.6
59.0
95.1
97.2 100.6
59.1
60.6
93.3
63.5
16.0
17.1
32.7
30.6
16.5
17.4
29.0
31.8
43.0
42.6
67.9
64.5
64.3
65.3
46.1
43.5
57.9
96.4
88.3
56.3
66.3
62.3
89.8
93.1
35.9
69.7
61.1
61.4
35.6
45.2
42.6
67.3
123.4
124.7
138.0
227.6 246.9 211.6 210.1
152.0
41.9
42.7
51.4
48.6
84.5
73.9
73.5
80.5
10.5
10.8
11.7
12.2
19.6
17.7
17.8
18.7
24.0
61.7
23.5
38.5
29.0
40.5
40.1
48.4
15.4
15.8
16.7
16.1
31.0
30.4
30.1
30.5
17.4
17.7
17.4
17.7
25.0
24.9
24.5
25.0
215.4
219.7
217.8
307.9 302.5 301.6
305.7
215.8
31.2
31.2
33.8
32.6
53.9
49.8
49.2
52.0
11.0
11.3
10.9
18.6
18.1
18.0
18.4
11.1
111.9
110.4
112.1
142.4 145.3 145.1
111.5
144.2
36.8
36.8
38.1
37.5
54.8
52.9
52.8
53.9
14.6
14.8
15.6
15.0
21.4
20.3
20.3
20.7
94.0
93.9
98.2
95.1
164.9 157.9 158.8
160.8
23.2
23.3
23.5
23.2
38.4
38.2
38.1
38.4
12.5
12.5
12.1
18.7
12.0
18.0
18.6
17.9
16.3
17.1
16.1
29.3
28.0
16.5
27.8
28.5
166.2
166.0
167.9
166.5
262.6 265.7 260.8 260.5
26.3
26.2
29.2
27.6
49.2
45.4
45.6
47.3
34.6
34.6
33.8
34.1
46.5
45.7
45.6
45.8
12.9
13.2
13.9
13.6
24.4
23.3
23.4
24.0
21.1
20.7
19.3
20.1
31.5
32.8
32.4
31.9
14.1
14.2
14.2
14.2
20.5
20.6
20.8
20.6
10.6
10.3
10.9
10.6
16.1
15.8
15.6
15.8
157.1
156.7
176.1
165.8
479.3 494.0 464.6 462.9
128.2
127.3
144.9
135.7
417.2 430.1 403.7 402.4
121.2
120.3
117.5
119.5
170.3 168.6 170.1 170.6
88.7
89.9
84.6
87.7
118.6
122.4 123.0
121.9
212.7
216.4 218.6 213.4
288.6 281.0 279.7
285.3
28.5
29.5
27.8
28.9
36.3
34.1
34.1
35.4
184.2
185.6
189.1
187.6
249.9 252.3 246.9 245.6
2,169.2 2,181.8 2,166.4 2,157.0 2,154.0 1,248.9 1,263.3 1,253.6 1,248.1 1,248.9
83.8
83.5
82.1
83.5
115.0
114.5
114.4
115.6
40.4
40.3
38.4
53.7
54.4
39.8
52.5
54.0
43.5
60.6
43.1
43.7
43.7
60.8
61.6
61.9
136.7
137.0
138.7
137.6
197.1 197.4 196.7 197.3
76.2
99.1
75.9
76.3
76.3
99.5
98.8
98.4
61.4
36.1
36.0
37.5
36.8
61.3
62.0
62.5
109.3
109.8
106.9
138.7
139.8
136.7
105.9
135.0
22.3
20.7
25.6
20.6
18.8
27.3
26.1
24.4
17.8
22.6
17.3
17.4
17.5
23.1
22,
21.6
27.0
38.5
29.6
27.6
27.9
35.5
37.1
36.9
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Electrical and electronic equipment—Continued
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
1972
SIC
Code
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
Production workers
All employees
Avg.
1986
193.1
27.5
77.7
17.3
26.8
79.5
62.7
658.2
121.2
537.1
638.1
42.3
267.2
259.9
150.8
28.7
63.9
Jan.
1986
196.7
27.4
79.7
17.7
27.6
80.2
63.1
666.0
129.4
536.6
637.6
42.3
267.6
258.6
154.5
29.7
65.5
Dec.
1986
191.3
27.6
75.5
16.9
27.3
80.2
62.2
653.7
118.4
535.3
637.7
41.9
263.9
263.5
152.0
30.1
64.8
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987"
Avg.
1986
139.1
23.5
50.5
12.3
20.4
54.3
42.7
272.8
70.0
202.8
350.6
25.4
99.9
174.1
104.1
22.4
47.9
189.6
27.3
75.5
16.9
26.1
77.7
60.7
652.2
117.1
535.1
636.0
41.7
264.3
261.3
151.0
29.4
64.6
Jan.
1986
142.5
23.7
51.9
12.6
21.2
55.2
43.6
280.5
75.3
205.2
349.9
24.5
99.3
175.0
108.5
23.7
49.8
Dec.
1986
137.5
23.4
48.4
12.2
20.9
54.1
41.6
272.3
69.1
203.2
354.1
25.9
100.8
176.2
105.6
23.5
49.3
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
136.4
23.3
48.7
12.2
19.7
51.9
40.0
271.3
68.6
202.7
353.4
25.8
101.8
174.3
105.0
22.8
49.4
1,984.2 1,994.9 2,003.7 1,979.4 1,992.3 1,241.5 1,260.0 1,258.4 1,235.2 1,242.9
842.9 819.9
833.2 646.6 665.0 649.5 628.1 637.5
842.7 862.1
_
282.9 296.0 285.4 265.9
384.5
364.0
383.3 396.9
30.0
30.2
27.6
29.4
38.6
38.4
35.9
37.8
300.9 299.3
301.2 310.5
376.8 374.5
378.4 388.3
20.4
21.0
19.3
21.0
27.3
27.4
25.7
26.8
327.8 324.4 341.7 342.0
672.8 665.6 689.4 688.8
164.0
163.7
146.5
153.6
355.6 346.2 367.4 367.5
78.4
78.2
81.6
76.6
152.2
152.3
149.8
154.5
99.6
99.8
96.3
97.6
169.8
169.0
167.4
164.9
135.8
138.2
140.1
138.7
183.7
182.3
184.5
186.1
95.8
98.6
102.8
100.0
132.5
134.6
136.5
139.9
40.0
39.6
37.3
38.7
49.8
49.1
46.2
48.0
18.1
18.7
21.9
20.2
26.5
27.1
29.0
31.5
66.2
65.8
63.0
63.7
196.2
195.2
189.5
183.0
48.1
47.9
47.3
47.1
150.0
149.5
141.1
145.6
36.9
36.6
36.5
36.0
53.9
53.8
53.5
53.8
16.9
17.0
16.2
16.5
21.6
21.8
21.1
20.5
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts ....
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387
717.2
83.2
250.4
42.2
54.9
108.3
32.1
182.9
87.3
80.6
39.9
117.4
11.1
722.5
83.9
252.3
42.9
55.5
109.3
33.0
179.2
85.2
79.0
39.6
122.9
11.6
709.6
82.5
246.5
42.1
53.7
104.8
31.5
184.5
87.6
81.9
41.0
112.4
11.2
707.5
81.9
246.3
42.1
53.2
104.6
31.4
183.6
87.0
81.4
41.6
111.5
11.2
704.2
_
388.9
36.3
138.1
27.0
27.7
54.4
15.9
110.8
50.3
52.1
26.8
53.3
7.8
390.5
35.9
139.0
27.5
28.2
55.7
16.4
107.6
47.7
51.5
26.3
57.2
8.1
386.7
36.8
137.0
27.0
27.4
52.3
15.2
112.5
51.5
52.6
27.7
49.5
8.0
385.3
36.9
137.1
27.3
27.2
52.1
15.1
111.4
51.1
51.9
28.1
48.8
7.9
384.4
-
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles..
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays
39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
366.9
53.4
36.2
14.6
97.0
44.1
52.9
31.7
39.5
21.9
130.8
54.7
358.5
53.9
36.7
14.1
90.1
39.0
51.1
31.7
37.9
21.5
130.8
54.3
368.3
54.1
36.6
15.2
96.4
42.3
54.1
31.6
41.0
23.0
130.0
54.9
360.5
51.8
34.9
15.2
94.6
40.8
53.8
31.5
38.9
22.6
128.5
54.5
363.5
-
266.2
36.9
24.8
11.8
72.1
31.2
40.9
21.4
30.4
16.9
93.6
38.3
255.7
36.2
24.5
11.3
64.8
25.3
39.5
21.1
28.9
16.4
93.4
38.1
269.3
38.0
25.4
12.5
72.4
30.4
42.0
21.4
32.0
17.9
93.0
38.4
260.6
35.5
23.6
12.4
70.0
28.7
41.3
21.8
29.9
17.5
91.0
37.9
264.2
-
See footnotes at end of table.
47
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats .
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ....
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
1972
SIC
Code
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209
Tobacco manufactures
21
211
Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
.....
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool.
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists.
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
23
231
232
See footnotes at end of table.
48
229
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
7,745 7,884 7,806 7,823 5,528 5,432 5,577 5,502 5,520
7,841
1,641.1 1,574.0 1,647.0 1,603.0 1,597.6 1,153.3 1,091.1 1,159.0 1,118.7 1,115.1
325.1
332.7
325.3 312.8
369.2 391.6 383.8
382.4
118.1
120.5
119.1
119.8
141.3
144.3
142.3
143.0
54.7
56.2
53.7
55.3
73.4
74.3
76.1
75.2
129.1
133.2
119.0
128.1
143.1
146.4
130.0
140.1
97.9
97.5
94.3
97.8
159.9
164.0 162.8
164.3
30.5
29.9
30.3
29.7
38.7
39.7
38.9
39.5
43.6
43.1
43.8
42.1
86.3
87.9
87.9
87.8
170.2
182.6
164.4
199.2
242.2 206.3 225.5 212.9
16.8
17.1
17.6
17.2
23.9
24.4
24.5
24.8
59.1
71.6
54.5
47.5
74.1
61.6
69.0
86.9
42.5
46.5
36.9
38.9
42.8
49.3
45.1
53.1
85.3
84.6
84.1
85.0
124.6
122.6
123.8
123.5
15.5
15.2
15.3
15.1
22.3
22.6
22.6
22.3
27.5
27.7
27.1
28.8
45.6
43.2
43.5
44.1
129.6 125.4 133.4 129.2
210.7
218.2 214.0
214.9
92.3
94.7
90.3
93.2
166.9
170.6 168.6
169.6
38.7
36.9
36.5
35.1
45.4
43.8
47.6
45.3
88.3
77.4
80.8
78.2
99.5 110.4 103.1
98.9
20.9
17.5
19.9
19.2
25.2
24.0
25.9
22.3
53.5
46.5
47.1
45.3
55.4
57.6
64.1
56.7
25.4
25.6
24.2
26.2
33.6
35.5
35.1
35.2
92.7
92.7
91.0
89.5
216.7 211.8 215.4 212.3
27.5
27.7
26.1
27.0
43.0
42.0
43.5
43.8
40.1
41.3
40.1
39.8
124.4
124.5
125.5
127.2
121.1
115.3 120.7 116.6
163.0 157.9
156.5
163.1
61.4
43.3
66.1
43.7
62.3
43.0
61.1
43.0
59.4
46.0
32.0
49.8
31.9
47.9
32.2
46.3
31.8
43.6
708.8
100.1
89.4
16.6
21.1
205.0
35.4
35.;
69.0
23.9
23.1
58
22.5
21.4
58.4
104.5
74.9
16.6
55.6
698.3
719.5
101.1
90.6
16.6
21.5
206.7
35.3
35.3
71.4
23.4
23
59.0
23.0
21.8
60.0
107.5
77.3
17.;
56.5
717.5
101.9
91.6
16.6
21.4
204.5
35.;
35.1
69.9
23.0
23.4
58.9
22.8
21.8
59.
107.7
77.5
17.1
55.7
719.8
613.3
90.1
79.6
13.9
18.2
178.5
31.4
31.4
60.6
19.8
20,1
48.8
19.1
17.:
48.2
93.1
67.6
14.5
42.9
603.8
91.6
79.6
14.0
17.9
171.1
31.3
30.2
56.0
19.6
19.0
49.3
19.3
17.6
47.4
90.4
65.6
13.9
42.5
624.4
91.1
80.9
13.7
18.8
180.5
31.2
31.7
63.2
19.5
20.3
49.3
19.4
17.6
49.7
96.6
70.1
15.3
43.8
622.4
91.9
81.6
13.7
18.7
179.0
31.3
31.5
62.1
19.2
20.4
49.3
19.3
17.6
48.;
96.4
70.;
15.1
43.6
624.8
1,116.0
941.
52.
941.9
53.9
274.9
72.5
50.7
88.3
300.5
44.5
78.9
33.;
143.9
945.9
52.1
933.3
51.9
272.8
73.3
47.8
86.5
291.7
43.;
72.
32.4
143.4
943.5
101.6
89.7
16.6
20.9
197.0
35.;
33.9
64.0
23.7
22.1
58.4
22.6
21.5
57.0
101.8
72.8
15.9
55.3
1,115.3 1,118.0 1,119.1 1,105.
60.
60.
62.4
60.
316.9
85.8
55.9
98.6
317.6
84.1
58.1
100.5
353.8
52.;
92,
43.9
359.
53.3
93.7
40.7
165.3
172.0
316.9
85.6
54.
98.9
352.1
51.7
90.6
42,
167,
315.,
85.
54.3
98.6
347.0
52.1
87.
40.1
167.1
21A A
74.1
48.9
86.4
297.0
43.4
77.8
35.9
139.9
273.8
73.5
47.9
86.7
297.7
43.0
76.4
34.7
143.6
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1972
SIC
U0d6
Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
61.3
50.6
10.7
54.5
23.9
35.2
156.7
22.4
45.4
33.0
61.4
50.8
10.6
53.6
23.7
33.8
153.6
22.0
42.9
33.3
690.2
-
523.5
150.7
131.0
41.9
176.6
37.2
21.4
41.7
154.3
33.9
78.9
20.6
517.2
151.0
131.6
42.5
171.4
36.8
21.1
41.2
152.3
33.5
78.8
19.7
530.6
151.3
131.5
41.8
180.4
38.6
22.0
43.3
157.1
34.3
80.2
20.8
523.5
149.5
130.2
41.7
177.9
37.7
22.2
43.2
154.4
33.6
79.0
20.9
524.1
-
1,478.8 1,459.4 1,502.2 1,497.3 1,502.5
461.3 457.8 465.8 460.5
112.4
113.7
113.2
113.9
115.4
111.8
113.0
114.5
84.4
85.2
81.9
83.6
30.2
30.1
29.9
29.5
76.9
80.2
84.5
85.3
513.5 504.2 521.7 522.7
169.2
170.5
162.9
167.2
318.8 314.0 323.0 325.0
47.4
47.6
47.8
47.6
74.4
76.5
72.2
74.6
55.0
53.4
54.9
52.2
823.9
171.8
34.1
59.7
36.4
23.3
43.1
373.4
122.3
229.5
33.3
60.2
40.0
809.0
170.5
31.9
59.6
35.6
24.0
41.5
366.5
118.9
226.4
33.4
57.9
39.0
843.5
175.0
37.1
61.0
37.2
23.8
45.7
379.4
124.7
232.4
33.6
62.2
41.3
836.8
171.2
37.2
61.7
37.9
23.8
45.9
378.5
122.9
233.0
33.5
59.5
41.4
837.9
-
1,026.6 1,027.4 1,017.8 1,014.4 1,016.9
_
133.7
137.1
134.8
139.6
91.4
88.3
89.0
90.1
164.7
168.4
166.7
164.9
74.6
74.7
74.5
74.6
59.9
60.3
63.3
61.8
207.0
206.0 204.4 206.6
166.7
167.1
166.0
165.1
147.3
147.9
142.6
147.2
41.4
41.3
42.1
41.6
64.5
64.8
65.1
60.9
40.9
41.3
40.3
40.8
63.4
61.5
62.9
62.0
152.4
157.4
151.7
154.9
30.4
29.0
29.2
30.1
122.7
124.8
127.0
123.2
55.7
57.3
55.8
57.9
93.4
92.8
94.0
94.2
572.0
70.3
48.8
112.1
44.8
44.5
96.1
76.7
92.9
26.5
44.5
21.9
30.7
82.0
19.9
62.1
35.1
52.8
568.0
70.8
48.4
113.0
44.7
45.2
95.8
76.6
87.8
26.6
39.5
21.7
29.8
81.2
20.3
60.9
35.6
54.0
567.5
69.2
48.7
110.6
44.5
43.5
95.8
76.6
92.6
26.6
44.0
22.0
29.9
83.0
19.5
63.5
34.2
52.2
566.7
68.8
48.8
110.7
44.6
43.3
96.9
77.6
92.1
25.9
44.5
21.7
29.9
82.4
19.3
63.1
34.1
51.8
570.5
-
155.7
-
102.7
76.7
19.8
100.9
77.6
16.7
99.7
75.0
18.7
99.1
75.4
17.7
100.0
-
76.9
61.2
15.7
63.4
26.6
41.0
178.7
25.8
49.6
37.1
74.1
59.4
14.7
64.5
27.3
42.5
189.9
27.7
53.4
39.1
73.9
59.4
14.5
63.3
26.8
40.8
187.2
27.3
50.9
39.5
Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654
689.9
197.1
172.4
55.1
239.2
59.4
27.6
53.1
198.5
42.8
104.2
24.3
682.8
197.1
173.0
55.3
234.1
58.9
27.6
52.3
196.3
42.4
103.9
23.6
696.8
198.2
173.3
55.2
242.1
60.0
27.9
54.6
201.3
43.3
105.5
24.3
690.3
196.3
172.1
54.8
240.2
59.8
28.2
54.6
199.0
42.7
104.0
24.9
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279
29
291
295
Jan.
1986
64.4
52.7
11.7
53.4
23.5
33.9
146.3
20.6
42.0
30.9
76.3
61.1
15.2
63.4
26.3
42.4
183.4
26.5
51.3
37.9
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials
Avg.
1986
63.5
52.3
11.2
53.5
23.1
35.3
151.0
21.5
43.6
31.8
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396
Chemicals and allied products
28
Industrial inorganic chemicals
281
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
2819
Plastics materials and synthetics
282
2821
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
2824
283
Drugs
2834
Pharmaceutical preparations
284
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
2841
Soap and other detergents
2844
Toilet preparations
,
2842,3
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
285
Paints and allied products
286
Industrial organic chemicals
2865
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee ... 2861,9
287
Agricultural chemicals
289
Miscellaneous chemical products
Feb.
1987P
163.7
126.8
26.0
164.5
130.6
22.7
156.8
121.3
24.8
156.0
121.4
23.8
See footnotes at end of table.
49
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic ....
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods.
1972
SIC
Code
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
14.7
83.0
446.2
15.4
83.6
460.3
83.8
460.5
150.5
127.6
11.6
78.3
32.0
29.3
7.8
15.8
132.0
11.7
81.9
33.4
30.9
8.2
16.0
126.2
11.4
76.2
31.3
29.4
7.8
15.9
123.6
11.2
74.9
30.5
29.4
7.4
15.3
124.9
5,308
5,310
4,371
4,322
4,468
4,385
4,389
3,156
3,084
3,088
261.5
88.2
265.2
86.1
275.7
89.4
272.8
88.0
32.9
32.0
31.6
30.7
303,4
306
307
21.6
108.3
571.2
21.5
108.1
562.5
21.7
108.8
581.0
21.5
109.2
582.8
31
311
314
3143
154.5
14.0
92.5
39.7
33.4
10.9
19.8
159.4
14.0
96.6
41.5
35.0
11.1
20.1
152.4
13.7
89.7
38.6
33.3
10.9
19.6
149.3
13.6
88.1
37.6
33.3
10.5
18.9
5,286
5,217
5,390
3,068
3,000
Railroad transportation.
Class I railroads2
40
4011
325.3
294.3
329.8
298.4
308.8
278.3
299.7
269.5
Local and interurban passenger transit.
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity highway transportation
School buses
41
411
282.8
95.8
36.9
36.2
89.5
286.3
93.4
37.7
35.7
97.5
297.4
97.4
37.0
34.6
103.2
295.0
95.8
37.1
34.2
104.0
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals .
Public warehousing
42
421,3
422
Water transportation
Local water transportation
Water transportation services
44
445
446
182.6
27.5
98.2
180.0
25.9
96.8
182.8
101.4
175.1
24.9
99.3
Transportation by air
Air transportation
Air transportation services .
45
451,2
458
560.1
493.2
538.7
66.9
65.1
585.0
516.6
68.4
582.5
514.5
68.0
Pipe lines, except natural gas .
46
18.3
18.8
17.8
17.8
Transportation services.
Freight forwarding
47
471
289.3
68.6
281.9
64.0
294.8
73.4
296.5
73.7
Communication and public utilities
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting
Television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services.
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
48
481
483
4832
4833
49
491
492
493
495
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment.
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Automotive parts and supplies
See footnotes at end of table.
50
50
501
5012
5013
814.2
1,409.5 1,364.9 1,469.5 1,417.6
1,311.4 1,269.9 1,365.7 1,316.3
95.0 103.8 101.3
98.1
473.6
Feb.
1987P
14.8
83.0
453.2
811.4
86.6
11.3
415
Jan.
1987P
631.8
62.7
9.4
810.5
87.3
11.7
412
413
Dec.
1986
632.4
63.3
9.8
794.7
90.3
12.3
Transportation
Jan.
1986
617.8
63.4
10.5
801.0
88.0
11.9
Transportation and public utilities .
Avg.
1986
624.3
63.3
10.1
30
301
302
3144
316
317
Feb.
1987P
26.5
2,234
2,224
2,217
2,218
1,291.1 1,299.6 1,304.0 1,295.7
874.1 886.6 883.8 878.5
243.9 241.5
241.8
243.4
116.0
116.4
115.7
f15.9
127.9
125.1
126.1
127.5
635.3
15.4
1,226.8 1,184.3 1,287.5 1,233.1
1,144.1 1,104.7 1,199.8 1,147.9
85.2
87.7
79.6
82.7
13.4
13.6
13.0
13.0
978.8
642.7
200.;
994.1
662.1
198.1
986.2
646.9
200.7
975.8
639.6
198.5
736.1
352.i
130.1
170.;
61.5
729.6
348.6
132.8
168.7
58.1
735.7
353.0
129.7
167.4
63.5
732.1
352.0
128.6
166.4
62.9
2,222
926.4
456.7
165.1
206.5
70.8
917.4
450.0
169.4
204.6
67.3
930.1
460.5
163.7
205.8
72.5
928.0
459.!
162.8
204.8
73.4
5,853
5,791
5,866
5,829
5,828
4,697
4,647
4,703
4,661
3,482
428.1
107.3
288.8
3,453
427.3
107.3
289.0
3,491
428.4
107.9
288.1
3,478
430.0
108.6
290.0
3,473
2,77;
343.4
2,753
342.8
2,777
344.6
2,758
344.5
4,655
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, TV and radios
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies ....
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Commercial machines and equipment
Construction and mining machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Professional equipment and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wines and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
Farm supplies
1972
SIC
Code
502
5021
5023
503
5031
5039
504
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
509
5093
51
511
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191
Retail trade
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
108.8
188.2
68.5
109.5
378.4
_
138.2
137.8
135.1
133.9
58.7
57.7
58.7
57.8
77.4
76.1
79.5
79.1
228.7 221.1 229.8 228.9
104.5
101.5
104.5
105.4
124.1
119.6
125.3
123.5
84.1
82.0
81.7
83.5
138.4
139.3
136.0
135.8
495.2 499.9 497.3 495.8
268.3 272.8 270.7 268.7
74.4
75.3
76.1
74.5
152.4
152.7
151.3
151.0
265.4 261.5
269.1 269.5
87.1
90.9
89.3
91.9
105.7
106.8
108.0
107.8
1,507.8 1,492.0 1,504.6 1,496.9
550.7 541.0 554.8
552.1
82.1
81.1
81.6
82.3
124.5
123.4
126.9
124.6
316.7 321.6 308.5
306.6
133.9
133.5
133.4
133.4
178.7
176.0
179.3
180.6
199.8
196.3
203.6 201.4
89.4
90.8
91.3
90.5
2,371
189.2
172.2
196.9
761.7
246.7
66.2
98.3
130.7
202.4
83.6
118.7
151.4
94.4
57.0
434.6
149.6
2,338
189.3
170.6
192.6
741.9
243.9
66.1
87.0
132.3
204.0
84.4
119.6
148.2
91.6
56.6
426.8
145.9
2,375
187.3
176.0
197.9
769.7
250.5
66.5
96.7
128.9
198.6
80.9
117.7
153.2
94.6
58.6
429.8
141.2
2,351
190.1
172.7
196.7
758.8
250.4
66.2
93.8
130.0
198.1
81.0
117.1
150.8
94.2
56.6
425.1
140.6
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
107.9
181.1
67.5
110.4
385.7
_
Dec.
1986
111.5
189.4
68.9
107.0
377.7
_
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987"
110.8
187.5
66.7
106.3
376.6
-
_
212.9 208.5 216.8 216.6
_
_
_
_
1,202.6 1,191.7 1,197.7 1,187.9
_
_
_
_
2,355
_
_
160.4
-
_
157.5
-
_
163.8
-
161.3
-
1,925
153.6
143.2
147.5
645.8
-
1,894
154.1
142.1
143.4
626.7
1,926
151.9
145.5
148.7
650.7
-
1,903
153.8
142.7
148.5
640.3
-
94.4
156.4
_
_
125.0
_
_
351.4
-
_
95.7
157.4
_
122.7
343.2
-
92.8
153.5
93.4
154.2
123.8
_
341.7
-
125.8
347.9
-
17,978 17,486 18,807 18,066 17,954 16,001 15,557 16,792 16,040 15,912
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores
52
521
525
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores
53
531
533
539
2,349.7 2,386.6 2,641.0 2,419.8 2,332.0 2,207.9 2,245.9 2,489.6 2,272.9
1,881.6 1,917.7 2,116.8 1,943.6
_
1,982.7 2,018.4 2,225.7 2,048.4
230.8 229.0 258.1
208.5 207.4 234.6 209.8
233.2
138.2
136.1
119.5
120.8
139.2
157.2
117.8
138.2
Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat markets and freezer provisioners
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries
54
541
542
545
546
2,932.1 2,874.4 3,041.7 2,984.4 2,986.4 2,707.6 2,658.8 2,810.6 2,750.4
_
2,554.3 2,507.6 2,620.0 2,600.0
2,371.9 2,334.0 2,430.0 2,408.5
63.8
62.2
66.6
64.5
_
47.2
46.4
54.5
48.7
164.4
161.0
154.5
158.9
144.8
174.5
148.6
169.5
Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
55
551,2
553
554
1,954.2 1,912.1 1,970.6 1,972.6 1,965.9 1,636.4 1,605.3 1,652.4 1,651.3
_
926.1 951.2 951.7
788.8 787.5
781.4 769.8
941.3
309.3 302.0 312.9 310.3
249.5 242.0 254.0 250.3
612.6 603.3 619.6 623.4
544.0
540.5
532.4 530.1
691.6
369.9
157.0
659.5
354.0
154.1
691.7
370.3
159.5
673.6
366.4
154.5
580.0
313.9
132.2
552.3
299.8
130.3
576.7
313.0
133.9
555.8
307.2
128.3
See footnotes at end of table.
51
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Retail trade—Continued
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings .
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
1972
SIC
Code
56
561
562
565
566
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
1,084.0 1,076.6 1,209.3 1,118.9
126.0
114.6
114.9
110.9
434.1 405.8
397.6 393.8
268.6 235.5
227.8 224.5
226.9
213.1
215.6
211.8
787.4
439.7
273.4
835.7
463.7
285.4
89.0
283.0
202.3
80.7
815.7
452.9
283.2
89.4
273.4
198.2
75.2
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
915.0
92.2
338.7
197.4
170.5
906.5 1,034.9
106.2
96.1
332.7
373.9
194.5
236.7
171.8
185.1
947.2
95.4
347.1
204.0
174.0
654.6
361.6
643.7
349.6
383.5
678.1
372.7
74.2
218.8
74.9
219.2
76.1
239.8
76.1
229.3
Furniture and home furnishings stores ....
Furniture and home furnishings stores .
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores
Radio and television stores
Music stores
57
571
5712
572
573
5732
5733
Eating and drinking places .
58
5,921.3 5,550.8 5,980.3 5,781.0 5,808.5 5,384.2 5,025.6 5,446.0 5,239.8
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Book stores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods .
Nonstore retailers
Mail order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee
59
2,258.1 2,251.2 2,436.6 2,300.0
557.0
588.0 576.7
563.5
127.7
134.4
129.5
131.2
765.8
870.4
758.8
782.0
131.5
142.7
129.6
134.3
111
81.0
83.0
79.8
77.1
77.5
79.3
78.1
151.1
155.5
169.4 156.6
136.5
135.0
152.1 132.6
67.8
69.1
70.0
68.3
259.1
260.9 271.7 253.6
124.5
126.0 136.2 122.1
81.8
82.3
82.1
82.0
112.3
114.2
119.5
121.6
355.2
348.0
371.3
353.6
591
592
594
5941
5942
5943
5944
5947
5949
596
5961
5962
598
599
Finance, insurance, and real estate3
Finance
86.9
260.8
188.5
72.3
775.1
427.1
267.1
88.1
259.9
189.2
70.7
6,072
6,456
6,445
6,455
3,159
3,059
3,233
3,234
3,238
60
602
6022
6023,4
603
Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Federal savings and loan associations .
State associations, insured
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers
61
612
6122
6123
614
615
616
840.9
375.5
211.5
153.0
230.8
54.3
155.9
793.8
360.4
202.8
147.0
224.0
52.4
133.0
878.3
389.2
219.4
158.2
235.8
55.2
173.3
884.3
389.7
219.1
158.7
236.9
55.3
177.6
Security, commodity brokers, and services.
Security brokers and dealers
62
621
386.6
308.4
363.7
291.0
409.0
326.4
409.9
326.6
Holding and other investment offices .
67
172.7
165.3
179.9
182.9
1,934
1,873
1,988
1,998
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance.
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance ..
Title insurance
63
Insurance agents, brokers, and service.
64
See footnotes at end of table.
52
631
632
633
636
1,915.1 1,919.3 2,082.8 1,944.7
503.1 491.7
478.8
481.1
6,305
Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks
State banks, Federal Reserve
State banks, not Federal Reserve ....
Mutual savings banks
603.3
572.9
630.1
635.9
637.7
646.2
746.9
657.5
234.2
235.2
246.9
228.6
94.1
293.4
96.5
289.1
100.4
306.2
101.9
289.4
4,658
4,484
4,757
4,734
1,279.2 1,266.8 1,279.4 1,269.5
1,146.6 1,138.0 1,142.2 1,135.8
1,758.2 1,736.2 1,765.7 1,756.8
1,582.5 1,567.4 1,583.0 1,577.8
347.6 340.7 352.7 352.1
385.0
380.8
385.0 384.7
87.7
86.4
84.0
82.2
1,331.6 1,300.2 1,357.9 1,362.1
560.7 562.0
558.0 553.7
175.9
185.5
180.8
185.1
508.9
495.1 479.7
510.7
53.1
60.
57.5
60.3
Feb.
1987P
639.9
287.3
603.9
275.5
668.2
298.2
669.7
298.0
181.3
175.5
185.5
186.5
902.8
339.5
146.8
341.7
883.8
337.2
143.1
333.7
915.2
339.9
150.2
346.9
915.6
339.0
151.4
346.1
2,004
4,739
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
1972
SIC
Code
Industry
Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Real estate, and combined real estate, insurance, etc
Avg.
1986
1,211
65
651
653
655
Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers
Combined real estate, insurance, etc
Production workers1
All employees
Jan.
1986
1,140
Dec.
1986
1,235
Jan.
1987P
1,213
Feb.
1987P
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
1,213
1,197.0 1,125.7 1,221.3 1,199.6
516.8 497.2 524.7 507.5
499.6 468.5 517.1 515.6
151.3 133.6 147.1 143.5
14.0
14.0
13.6
13.4
23,072 22,208 23,460 23,263 23,516 20,262 19,499 20,570 20,340 20,547
Services
Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts
70
701
1,371.7 1,265.6 1,333.4 1,310.9
1,325.8 1,234.2 1,299.1 1,279.8
Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
72
721
722
723
726
1,118.5 1,109.6 1,133.0 1,154.0
397.9 389.8 407.1 404.9
55.8
52.2
63.6
56.6
350.3 344.4 356.0 354.7
76.4
77.9
74.3
77.6
73
731
4,809.3 4,597.3 4,986.1 4,919.6 4,943.6 4,141.2 3,958.2 4,291.2 4,211.8
192.9
192.7
192.3
141.6
142.1
141.9
192.7
142.1
144.0
144.2
143.7
144.3
97.9
91.3
102.4
102.1
203.2
197.6 211.9 210.1
705.0 677.7
710.3 702.8
634.6 601.9 643.9 636.3
1,013.9 917.1 1,094.7 1,052.8
165.9
180.9
198.1
195.6
706.3 851.1 812.5
786.9
469.4 468.6 474.3 473.7
584.2 574.6
599.1 601.8
213.7 208.5 220.0 221.8
272.1 270.1 278.9 278.3
Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Temporary help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming and software
Data processing services
Miscellaneous business services
Research development laboratories, nee
Management and public relations
Detective and protective services
Equipment rental and leasing
Photofinishing laboratories
Feb.
1987P
,
7311
732
733
734
736
7361
7362
737
7372
7374
739
7391
7392
7393
7394
7395
1,186.3 1,105.3 1,151.0 1,132.1
354.4
348.0
362.4
359.3
317.1
310.5
322.7
320.2
2,003.3 1,937.7 2,066.0 2,048.2
192.3
186.2
197.7
197.0
557.2 535.4 576.4 571.5
449.1 439.3 460.4 452.8
187.7
182.0
190.5
190.0
80.3
77.9
83.6
79.7
Auto repair, services, and garages
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Automotive repair shops
75
751
753
763.2
164.1
460.5
742.6
153.5
449.9
776.7
170.4
463.5
778.1
170.6
464.8
638.7
622.4
649.4
649.4
383.1
374.1
386.3
385.9
Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops
76
762
329.7
104.6
327.0
103.0
328.7
107.1
327.3
106.7
274.0
271.9
273.1
271.2
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters
78
781
783
220.1
106.7
102.2
212.1
103.1
98.0
226.8
118.1
225.2
118.0
186.4
88.1
179.4
85.4
191.8
97.0
189.1
95.7
97.3
95.7
Amusement and recreation services
79
913.0
730.3
866.8
837.1
810.3
637.4
756.9
724.2
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Outpatient care facilities
80
801
802
805
8051
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808
6,585.5 6,431.3 6,712.3
1,014.5 985.3 1,040.6
459.0 449.0 469.3
1,284.5 1,247.6 1,312.3
844.4 821.5 862.8
440.1 426.1 449.5
3,042.9 3,004.2 3,077.0
2,857.0 2,821.2 2,888.4
59.2
58.2
59.9
126.7 124.8 128.7
129.1 122.6 135.3
244.2 231.1 250.9
6,739.9 6,764.3 5,852.9 5,717.1 5,968.6 5,988.9
1,052.6
469.1
1,312.9
864.4
448.5
3,084.8
2,895.9
60.0
128.9
136.1
257.5
838.8 814.6 860.1 866.5
405.4 399.0 415.2 413.8
1,160.5 1,127.5 1,185.8 1,188.6
2,773.1 2,736.9 2,803.9 2,812.4
See footnotes at end of table.
53
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-2. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by detailed Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Services—Continued
Legal services
1972
SIC
Code
81
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
1986
734.2
Jan.
1986
708.6
Dec.
1986
753.7
Jan.
1987P
82
821
822
824
1,375.5 1,373.2 1,459.7 1,374.3
383.6 396.1 395.4 393.5
851.0 840.2 921.3 840.7
67.5
69.0
67.5
68.0
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Residential care
83
832
833
836
1,421.9 1,390.9 1,469.9 1,464.3
283.7 269.2 298.0 295.6
216.5 209.9 218.3 218.2
309.7 301.9 318.0 317.8
Museums, botanical and zoological gardens.
84
Membership organizations
Business associations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations
86
861
863
864
1,510.4 1,498.6 1,506.6 1,486.2
90.1
88.5
88.6
88.1
142.4 142.2 146.5 140.5
337.6 324.5 331.4 317.4
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ..
Noncommercial research organizations.
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping .
89
891
892
893
1,298.4 1,275.2 1,305.7 1,317.4
711.3
713.5
692.0
715.7
120.7
121.1
117.1
122.9
439.1
439.5
440.0 455.9
Government
4
Federal Government .
4
Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies .
Legislative
Judicial
Federal government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Shipbuilding and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
.,
Services
Hospitals
State government
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Hospitals
Education
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
45.2
16,735
16,617
17,159
2,899
2,892
2,895
Jan.
1986
600.1
Dec.
1986
635.1
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
637.0
44.6
1,061.3 1,045.6 1,062.9 1,071.2
600.4
585.9
602.1 598.6
344.2
347.0
342.2
355.9
16,881 17,187
2,882
2,897
2,843.5 2,835.8 2,839.9
968.6
982.6 991.7
789.4 773.9 818.0
1,071.5 1,070.2 1,053.3
36.4
37.2
38.4
18.8
18.5
18.2
3731
125.0
75.4
129.1
78.1
124.1
74.0
123.4
73.6
806
39.2
409.2
248.6
38.9
409.7
250.1
38.7
404.9
246.1
38.7
402.6
246.1
3,943
3,880 4,055
460.8
455.6 461.1
1,579.4 1,563.8 1,704.3 1,585.9
3,937
806
82
4,068
458.5
1,294.6 1,267.4 1,285.1 1,294.5
806
82
9,899 9,845 10,209 10,056 10,222
511.0
514.4 509.0 512.5
621.6 615.0 627.2 628.2
5,482.3 5,559.0 5,848.; 5,720.6
2,970.4 2,865.6 2,927.4 2,905.3
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
3
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from the
nonsupervisory count for all series in this division.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to
54
40.5
Avg.
1986
620.2
759.9
Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Correspondence and vocational schools .
44.5
Feb.
1987P
civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and
the National Security Agency.
6
Includes rural mail carriers.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major Industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Avg.
1986
Dec.
1985
Oct.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec.
1986
45,748
45,390
46,622
46,999
47,247
Total private
37,309
36,890
37,924
38,179
38,459
Goods-producing
6,890
6,858
6,961
6,949
6,928
Mining
109
119
102
101
101
Construction
512
483
528
527
524
6,269
6,256
6,331
6,321
6,303
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ...
Miscellaneous manufacturing
3,012
114
155
114
101
324
455
901
373
309
168
3,014
108
154
113
103
323
462
906
366
311
169
3,025
118
156
115
101
326
446
905
378
307
174
3,028
117
158
115
101
327
447
903
381
307
173
3,022
117
158
114
100
326
447
902
382
307
170
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ..
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
3,257
514
21
344
897
169
630
288
25
279
91
3,242
503
24
338
903
166
620
286
27
278
98
3,306
541
23
348
901
171
637
288
24
283
90
3,293
529
22
350
896
171
641
288
24
282
91
3,281
518
21
350
897
171
643
287
24
282
89
38,857
38,532
39,661
40,050
40,319
Transportation and public utilities....
1,490
1,481
1,520
1,525
1,530
Wholesale trade
1,706
1,673
1,731
1,732
1,732
Retail trade
9,428
9,650
9,588
9,793
10,039
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
3,907
3,746
3,974
3,995
4,024
13,887
13,482
14,150
14,185
14,206
8,439
1,030
1,862
5,547f
8,500
1,023
1,866
5,611
8,698
1,023
1,919
5,756
8,820
1,024
1,938
5,858
8,788
1,028
1,928
5,832
Industry
Total
Manufacturing
Service-producing
Services
Government
Federal
State
Local
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.
55
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by major Industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987
1986
Industry
Total.
Total private .
Goods-producing.
Mining
Oil and gas extraction .
Construction
General building contractors .
Manufacturing .
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.P
Feb.P
99,429
99,484
99,783
99,918
99,843
100,105
00,283
00,560
100,826
101,068
101,322
101,641
101,978
82,748
82,785
83,072
83,198
83.161
83,508
83,655
83,786
83,956
84,178
84,394
84,738
85,062
25,038
24,945
25,038
24,965
24,854
24,869
24,888
24,858
24,865
24,891
24,920
25,009
25,059
541
852
518
821
488
790
461
772
446
768
442
753
431
743
422
746
423
742
420
738
414
729
410
727
408
4,864
1,320
4,838
1,298
4,972
1,315
4,974
1,314
4,947
1,299
4,980
1,299
5,012
1,306
5,010
1,301
5,001
1,302
4,993
1,307
4,996
1,298
5,109
1,333
5,111
1,331
19,294
19,255
19,245
19,201
19,135
19,121
19,123
19,105
19,118
19,156
19,186
19,171
19,221
11,455
716
11,418
715
11,415
719
11,271
734
500
11,266
737
500
590
787
293
1,450
2,118
2,177
1,989
858
726
785
291
1,451
2,111
2,177
1,986
854
723
11,282
743
500
591
751
271
1,427
2,036
11,289
494
600
11,294
724
498
11,302
493
594
11,378
719
496
599
780
288
1,447
2,100
11,307
721
494
597
795
299
11,316
757
503
598
762
282
1,430
2,042
2,158
1,990
836
369
369
369
11,273
755
503
596
742
264
1,430
2,031
2,157
1,979
823
710
370
7,839
1,631
63
705
1,122
687
1,467
1,032
167
803
162
7,837
7,830
1,632
63
707
1,633
63
703
7,823
1,640
1,117
688
1,469
1,031
1,119
689
1,472
1,028
166
166
166
804
160
800
157
796
1,477
1,026
164
797
154
151
152
152
1,485
1,025
162
797
151
1,452
2,127
2,181
1,998
864
725
370
2,175
1,972
839
721
62
705
1,113
689
1,474
1,024
496
597
761
286
1,440
2,089
2,143
1,974
839
717
7,828
1,648
62
707
1,106
690
593
758
285
1,428
2,079
2,169
1,969
824
713
363
7,827
1,645
62
710
1,108
687
1,483
1,025
163
792
729
499
592
751
272
1,429
2,072
594
749
270
1,433
2,044
2,168
1,985
839
713
364
2,162
7,821
1,642
7,834
1,644
60
59
711
1,108
685
1,481
1,026
163
794
1,979
834
713
363
709
1,110
691
749
272
1,429
2,039
2,167
1,979
824
713
363
7,852
1,644
59
711
1,113
694
1,491
2,166
1,993
837
710
365
7,874
1.654
61
717
1,112
694
1,493
1,023
161
805
151
1,023
160
809
151
749
500
594
752
270
1,431
2,030
2,164
1,990
832
709
370
7,897
1,657
60
719
1,124
153
1,653
59
721
1,120
694
1,499
1,022
159
819
152
697
1,493
1,020
159
815
706
370
7,905
1,654
60
725
1,115
695
1,504
1,021
159
819
153
74,391
74,539
74,745
74,953
74,989
75,236
75,395
75,702
75,961
76,177
76,402
76,632
76,919
Transportation and public utilities .
Transportation
Communication and public utilities ..
5,277
3,048
2,229
5.280
3,053
2,227
5,266
3,040
2,226
5,265
3,037
2,228
5,167
3,035
2,132
5,288
3,057
2,231
5,255
3,063
2,192
5,316
3,088
2,228
5,316
3,094
2,222
5,351
3,117
2,234
5,359
3,125
2,234
5,378
3,141
2,237
5,383
3,148
2,235
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
5,843
3,482
2,361
5,841
3,480
2,361
5,864
3,485
2,379
5,872
3,488
2,384
5,829
3,454
2,375
5,849
3,483
2,366
5,863
3,485
2,378
5,859
3,485
2,374
5,864
3,489
2,375
5,859
3,489
2,370
5,859
3,491
2,368
5,867
3,495
2,372
5,878
3.494
2.384
17.795
2,333
2,891
1,938
5,854
17,828
2,333
2,901
1,939
5,868
17,851
2,342
2,910
1,940
5,859
17,911
2,344
2,917
1,944
5,889
17,944
2,350
2,932
1,945
5,918
17,992
2,354
2,938
1,950
5,931
18,030
2,359
2,951
1,962
5,923
18,065
2,362
2,952
1,970
5,948
18,143
2,379
2,963
1,973
5,982
18,197
2.367
2,968
1,977
6,006
18,206
2,341
2,979
1,984
6,035
18,323
2,361
2,990
1,991
6,072
18,452
2,417
3,010
1,996
6,089
6,157
3,082
1,889
1,186
6,184
3,095
1,900
1,189
6,228
3,120
1,910
1,198
6,261
3T137
1,918
1,206
6,295
3,159
1.927
1,209
6,334
3,176
1,945
1,213
6,364
3,192
1,952
1,220
6,388
3,202
1,962
1,224
6,409
3,212
1,971
1,226
6,429
3,220
1,979
1,230
6,472
3.236
1,990
1,246
6,496
3,240
2,002
1,254
6,512
3,248
2,006
1,258
22,638
4,687
6,471
22,707
4,698
6,497
22,825
4,750
6,511
22,924
4,755
6,543
23,072
4,792
6,571
23,176
4,835
6,601
23,255
4,848
6,634
23,300
4,883
6,649
23,359
4,908
6,677
23,451
4,926
6,695
23,578
4,966
6,726
23,665
4,989
6,753
23,778
5,034
6,785
16,681
2,918
3,924
9,839
16,699
2,923
3,927
9,849
16,711
2,914
3,938
9,859
16,720
2,899
3,936
9,885
16,682
2,875
3,927
9,880
16,597
2,866
3,921
9,810
16,628
2,875
3,919
9,834
16,774
2,901
3.932
9,941
16,870
2,896
3,959
10,015
16,890
2,899
3,965
10,026
16,928
2,907
3,983
10,038
16,903
2,908
3,979
10,016
16,916
2,917
3.977
10,022
Service-producing .
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations .
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate.
Finance
Insurance
Real estate
Services
Business services .
Health services
Federal...
State
Local
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1985
56
benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally
adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Women employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls by major Industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1986
1985
Industry
Dec.
Total
Total private
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec
44,753 44,955 45,127 45,237 45,397 45,556 45,602 45,758 45,906 46,074 46,271 46,440 46,590
36,446 36,639 36,767 36,867 37,014 37,142 37,182 37,386 37,508 37,568 37,720 37,869 38,002
Goods-producing
6,893
6,889
6,887
6,893
6,885
6,866
6,874
6,872
6,877
6,895
6,914
6,940
Mining
119
120
120
118
114
112
108
106
105
102
102
101
101
Construction
486
494
493
499
505
510
512
517
518
520
522
526
528
6,261
6,279
6,276
6,270
6,274
6,263
6,246
6,251
6,249
6,255
6,271
6,287
6,311
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products...
Miscellaneous manufacturing
3,011
110
152
113
103
322
461
905
366
310
169
3,020
110
152
115
103
322
464
905
368
311
170
3,017
111
153
114
103
322
460
903
370
311
170
3,014
112
154
113
102
322
460
901
369
312
169
3,019
111
154
114
102
324
461
902
370
311
170
3,016
112
155
114
101
323
458
903
370
310
170
2,996
113
155
115
99
324
456
887
369
309
169
3,003
114
155
115
99
322
454
901
370
308
165
3,008
115
155
114
101
322
451
903
373
308
166
3,008
115
155
114
101
325
448
901
374
308
167
3,013
116
156
113
101
324
448
903
377
308
167
3,016
117
156
114
101
325
448
901
380
306
168
3,021
118
156
115
101
326
446
901
382
306
170
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
3,250
508
22
337
908
167
617
287
27
279
98
3,259
507
22
340
912
167
619
287
26
282
97
3,259
513
22
342
902
168
622
287
26
281
96
3,256
513
22
343
899
168
623
287
26
281
94
3,255
512
22
341
902
168
626
286
26
279
93
3,247
513
21
343
895
168
625
287
26
278
91
3,250
517
21
343
892
168
629
288
25
278
89
3,248
512
21
346
894
169
632
287
25
274
88
3,241
510
19
345
889
168
632
288
25
275
90
3,247
511
20
344
890
169
634
288
25
277
89
3,258
513
20
344
892
170
637
289
24
281
88
3,271
519
21
347
891
171
639
289
24
282
88
3,290
523
20
349
902
172
639
288
24
284
89
Manufacturing
Service-producing
37,887 38,062 38,238 38,350 38,504 38,671 38,736 38,884 39,034 39,197 39,376 39,526 39,650
Transportation and public utilities ...
1,472
1,475
1,478
1,482
1,483
1,486
1,441
1,501
1,482
1,506
1,506
1,519
1,521
Wholesale trade
1,660
1,676
1,689
1,691
1,707
1,718
1,706
1,715
1,715
1,713
1,712
1,713
1,718
Retail trade
9,193
9,268
9,313
9,347
9,362
9,383
9,392
9,422
9,479
9,488
9,531
9,563
9,561
Finance, insurance, and real estate
3,748
3,771
3,796
3,816
3,848
3,878
3,904
3,932
3,957
3,967
3,982
4,003
4,028
Services
Government
Federal
State
Local
13,507 13,556 13,602 13,644 13,721
8,307
1,031
1,824
5,452
8,316
1,034
1,832
5,450
8,360
1,038
1,843
5,479
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
8,370
1,036
1,847
5,487
8,383
1,034
1,856
5,493
13,792 13,873 13,942 14,003 14,017 14,094 14,157 14,234
8,414
1,030
1,863
5,521
8,420
1,020
1,8
5,532
8,372
1,017
1,868
5,487
8,398
1,021
1,867
5,510
8,506
1,031
1,861
5,614
8,551
1,030
1,872
5,649
8,571
1,033
1,878
5,660
8,588
1,035
1,885
5,668
seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.
57
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Production or nonsupervisory workers ' on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by major Industry and manufacturing group,
seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
1987
1986
Industry
Feb.
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan."
Feb.1
66,945 66,916 67,167 67,261 67,223 67,517 67,632 67,742 67,854 68,076 68,255 68,479 68,757
17,536 17,454
17,546
17,475
17,388
17,395
17,429 17,407 17,408
17,452 17,483
17,549
17,597
622
598
573
547
535
533
526
520
522
523
520
509
510
3,817
3,795
3,913
3,903
3,874
3,901
3,932
3,927
3,912
3,909
3,910
4,009
4,003
13,061 13,060 13,025
12,979
12,961
12,971
12,960
12,974 13,020
13,053
13,097
13,031 13,084
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
7,579
602
394
459
604
231
1,072
1,272
1,258
1,258
666
392
268
7,545
602
395
459
596
225
1,069
1,267
1,252
1,247
660
392
266
7,547
605
395
463
596
224
1,073
1,263
1,249
1,245
658
392
266
7,519
605
397
462
591
222
1,068
1,256
1,250
1,233
645
390
267
7,462
606
397
460
574
220
1,062
1,250
1,224
1,233
644
389
267
7,441
604
398
458
569
220
1,052
1,240
1,246
1,223
629
387
264
7,458
610
400
456
562
207
1,054
1,239
1,249
1,235
640
389
264
7,438
615
401
457
560
204
1,058
1,215
1,245
1,235
639
388
264
7,435
618
402
454
560
206
1,056
1,211
1,247
1,236
630
387
264
7,452
623
400
455
562
203
1,055
1,205
1,252
1,249
642
385
266
7,466
627
401
458
563
203
1,060
1,204
1,251
1,245
638
386
271
7,446
629
402
460
553
197
1,058
1,207
1,247
1,233
631
386
271
7,493
632
403
463
573
213
1,057
1,219
1,250
1,240
639
385
271
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
5,518
1,145
47
609
946
521
815
574
104
623
134
5,516
1,145
48
611
940
521
817
573
103
625
133
5,513
1,145
48
607
943
522
820
572
103
623
130
5,506
1,149
47
610
938
523
820
569
103
620
127
5,517
1,160
46
611
933
524
823
572
103
621
124
5,520
1,158
47
614
936
522
828
572
102
617
124
5,513
1,153
43
615
935
519
825
574
103
621
125
5,522
1,157
44
612
937
523
827
572
102
624
124
5,539
1,155
44
616
940
527
832
571
102
628
124
5,568
1,168
46
622
940
528
833
572
102
632
125
5,587
1,168
45
624
951
531
837
569
102
634
126
5,585
1,165
44
626
947
527
839
572
102
636
127
5,591
1,168
44
630
942
528
838
572
103
638
128
Service-producing
49,409 49,462 49,621 49,786 49,835 50,122 50,203 50,335 50,446 50,624 50,772 50,930 51,160
Transportation and public utilities
4,377
4,373
4,362
4,361
4,270
4,354
4,325
4,387
4,393
4,424
4,441
4,447
4,456
Wholesale trade
4,695
4,693
4,712
4,711
4,674
4,705
4,708
4,700
4,694
4,693
4,694
4,699
4,702
15,854 15,867
15,880
16,153 16,187
16,193
16,284
16,387
4,745
4,771
4,787
4,797
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
4,554
4,571
4,603
4,651
4,629
16,018 16,045 16,091
4,683
4,704
4,716
4,723
19,929 19,958 20,064 20,146 20,259 20,362 20,421 20,441 20,483 20,575 20,673 20,713 20,818
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.
58
15,939 15,981
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all
seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
INDEXES OF DIFFUSION
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries In which employment increased, seasonally adjusted
Time
span
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
52.4
59.7
P
53.2
47.8
53.5
P
59.2
53.8
45.1
49.2
54.1
51.6
49.2
47.0
46.2
56.2
54.6
56.8
54.3
50.8
54.9
61.9
55.1
57.6
62.7
59.5
62.4
51.1
58.1
61.4
49.7
54.3
46.2
51.1
46.2
49.7
45.1
48.4
51.4
44.9
49.7
47.3
51.1
54.1
55.1
54.9
55.9
62.4
61.4
65.1
48.9
49.7
50.8
55.4
54.1
61.1
48.9
54.3
47.3
Year
Over
1-month
span
1985
1986
1987
Over
3-month
span
1985
1986
1987
Over
6-month
span
1985
1986
1987
49.2
53.8
47.8
53.8
43.0
47.6
45.9
45.9
44.3
45.9
44.3
48.6
Over
12-month
span
1985
1986
1987
46.2
50.3
45.7
51.1
46.8
52.2
43.8
52.4
44.9
52.7
47.3
54.6
P
Based on the number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,
3, and 6 month spans, on the payrolls of 185 private nonagricultural
industries. Data for the 12-month span are unadjusted.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment
P
47.6
54.6
P
p
57.0
60.8
49.5
P
P
60.5
62.2
57.0
62.4
55.9
48.9
48.6
rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.)
Data are centered within the spans. Establishment survey estimates
are currently projected from March 1985 benchmark levels. When
more recent benchmark data are introduced, all seasonally adjusted
data from January 1982 forward are subject to revision.
59
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry
(In thousands)
Total
State and area
Construction
Mining
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
1,440.7
375.8
113.7
155.9
117.5
55.4
1,474.0
386.1
119.0
159.9
123.1
57.6
1,465.2
381.2
118.3
158.4
122.0
57.3
14.0
6.9
.1
.9
.1
2.9
11.9
6.1
.1
.4
.1
2.7
11.9
6.1
.1
.5
.1
2.7
72.9
22.3
4.5
10.6
8.4
2.5
75.3
23.6
4.9
10.0
9.5
2.8
75.3
22.6
4.8
9.6
9.4
2.8
212.9
211.4
205.1
9.7
8.3
7.8
10.9
11.2
9.7
1,305.5
861.7
235.8
1,378.7
907.0
244.4
1,362.5
897.1
240.8
11.6
.5
2.0
11.0
.6
1.6
10.9
.6
1.6
112.2
79.6
20.7
108.4
73.6
21.6
106.8
72.6
21.0
788.9
43.1
69.5
220.4
31.4
824.0
45.2
73.5
227.2
31.7
809.7
44.2
72.7
224.6
31.4
4l1
4.0
33.1
1.9
2.8
11.1
2.3
34.2
1.7
2.9
11.4
1.8
32.3
1.7
2.9
11.0
1.6
11,021.9
1,012.0
157.0
187.6
3,850.9
93.3
771.1
188.3
544.4
502.3
99.6
800.4
913.8
760.3
142.2
113.3
128.9
116.4
11,526.0
1,074.3
158.0
200.5
3,999.9
99.5
806.6
198.7
583.7
529.2
105.0
845.2
940.5
774.9
145.6
121.4
136.4
123.1
11,381.8
1,062.4
155.6
197.6
3,943.6
98.3
803.6
197.5
580.2
525.2
102.9
835.5
927.1
762.8
144.5
118.6
133.8
121.7
48.1
2.6
16.8
.9
11.7
.1
2.4
3.2
1.3
.9
.5
.7
1.2
.1
1.5
.6
.1
.4
40.0
2.1
12.4
.6
10.6
.1
2.5
2.9
1.2
.7
.5
.8
1.1
.2
1.3
.6
.1
.3
39.6
2.1
12.4
.6
10.4
.1
2.4
2.8
1.2
.7
.5
.8
1.1
.2
1.3
.6
.1
.3
489.1
52.0
9.9
10.7
122.9
5.8
41.6
9.7
38.5
26.3
3.9
49.3
31.1
30.1
6.6
6.7
6.9
6.8
540.2
55.2
9.6
12.2
131.4
6.4
47.2
11.0
45.6
31.9
4.5
54.8
34.7
30.7
6.2
8.2
8.2
7.6
522.7
53.4
9.3
11.8
129.0
6.2
45.3
10.8
44.1
30.2
4.3
54.0
32.3
29.0
6.1
7.3
7.7
7.4
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont.
Denver
1,399.9
101.3
802.5
1,405.2
105.0
803.6
1,390.4
102.9
795.1
30.7
.3
20.2
25.0
.2
16.4
24.8
.2
16.2
75.4
4.2
42.5
71.6
3.8
40.2
70.2
3.7
39.7
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford....
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden.
Stamford
Waterbury
1,559.4
189.8
446.6
63.4
237.3
118.9
83.1
1,644.6
197.3
473.1
66.1
250.9
126.4
87.1
1,610.1
193.9
468.1
64.8
245.5
124.1
85.2
1.5
61.4
6.5
15.3
2.7
10.9
4.9
3.3
73.6
8.1
19.5
4.0
12.7
5.3
4.2
67.1
7.6
17.9
3.5
11.7
5.0
3.8
291.9
254.8
313.2
272.1
305.7
266.8
.1
.2
.1
.2
.1
.2
16.6
16.3
18.7
18.0
17.5
17.1
628.5
1,926.1
647.0
2,039.0
637.8
2,001.2
.1
1.0
.1
.9
.1
.9
13.2
110.7
14.3
123.7
13.7
119.7
4,508.7
103.0
438.1
98.6
88.7
364.3
134.0
139.2
789.9
424.1
117.0
96.1
100.7
747.8
299.3
4,739.3
108.3
452.3
106.2
92.4
384.6
139.4
137.4
813.3
465.2
122.0
99.3
105.8
781.2
319.0
4,722.0
108.4
452.6
107.6
92.0
382.2
139.3
136.9
807.1
461.5
120.8
99.2
105.8
776.3
321.4
9.2
9.8
333.2
7.8
36.1
11.4
4.6
27.1
8.4
9.3
38.7
33.3
9.6
9.9
4.7
59.9
27.3
342.3
8.3
36.4
12.5
4.3
27.5
8.2
8.4
39.1
34.8
10.4
10.1
5.9
62.6
30.3
336.5
8.3
36.3
12.5
4.2
27.2
8.4
8.1
38.6
34.0
10.1
9.8
5.9
61.6
30.5
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska.
Arizona
Phoenix.
Tucson...
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock.
Pine Bluff
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc.
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Delaware
Wilmington.
District of Columbia.
Washington MSA
Florida
Daytona Beach
-.,
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach..
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach.
See footnotes at end of table.
60
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
4.8
i
1
.9
.4
I1)
I1)
0
Jan.
1987P
Dec.
1986
1.4
1
9J
0
.4
3:7
8
I1)
i1)
1.6
1
i
Jan.
1986
A
')
47
.9
.5
. 4.7
0
.8
.3
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Transportation and
public utilities
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Wholesale and retail trade
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
356.7
55.6
30.8
26.0
16.9
8.3
356.0
52.7
30.6
26.8
17.7
9.1
354.4
51.9
30.5
26.5
17.6
9.0
71.6
27.6
2.5
9.7
4.7
1.9
71.3
27.5
2.6
9.4
4.7
2.0
70.6
27.5
2.7
9.2
4.7
2.1
311.1
92.3
21.8
41.1
26.4
11.5
331.6
100.0
23.2
44.7
28.4
12.2
324.8
97.0
22.4
43.9
27.9
11.9
8.1
7.9
7.9
17.5
17.3
17.0
43.2
43.7
41.7
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson
180.8
129.9
31.6
185.5
133.1
31.1
184.9
133.0
30.8
63.3
41.6
9.1
69.5
46.6
9.9
68.6
45.8
9.9
320.5
220.1
52.8
340.0
233.0
55.6
334.9
229.5
54.9
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock.
Pine Bluff
206.6
9.3
23.6
32.7
5.8
213.9
9.8
25.2
31.6
6.0
213.6
9.8
25.3
31.4
6.1
47.2
3.9
3.5
14.6
2.9
49.2
3.9
3.6
14.7
2.7
48.5
3.9
3.6
14.7
2.8
177.7
10.4
15.3
53.7
6.3
188.0
11.0
15.9
56.4
6.7
181.9
10.8
15.5
55.0
6.3
2,034.4
238.7
10.1
18.9
882.5
19.2
101.6
28.4
71.5
35.7
8.3
122.5
77.5
266.0
24.4
17.6
20.0
10.7
2,064.5
244.5
10.4
20.8
892.2
20.5
102.8
29.5
75.8
37.3
9.7
120.6
78.5
260.8
23.6
18.2
21.0
12.0
2,048.6
242.7
10.2
20.2
885.0
19.8
102.9
29.4
76.0
37.3
9.0
120.5
77.7
259.5
23.5
18.1
20.6
11.9
562.4
33.5
7.9
9.7
199.7
4.2
52.2
8.0
29.3
22.6
4.8
31.6
80.7
21.2
5.4
5.2
7.9
4.3
586.9
34.7
8.2
10.8
205.3
4.3
56.1
9.8
31.4
24.2
5.0
32.5
81.2
21.5
5.4
5.6
8.5
4.5
577.9
34.7
8.2
10.4
202.5
4.2
55.4
9.9
30.9
23.7
4.8
32.3
79.4
20.8
5.3
5.5
8.2
4.4
2,655.1
253.1
38.7
49.1
902.8
23.8
198.4
47.9
138.1
124.3
27.3
191.1
213.5
149.7
33.4
30.1
30.8
28.1
2,833.6
274.5
41.6
52.1
963.7
25.8
205.6
50.7
148.1
132.6
28.1
208.0
225.6
159.2
35.1
32.5
32.5
30.6
2,760.0
270.4
40.1
51.2
936.2
25.6
202.7
50.3
145.5
128.9
27.4
200.2
219.9
153.0
34.5
31.7
31.6
30.2
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
186.1
28.0
97.9
184.1
28.6
95.7
181.6
28.2
93.6
87.2
2.4
62.4
88.1
2.3
64.1
87.5
2.2
63.0
348.5
22.2
201.9
351.6
23.4
206.3
346.4
22.9
203.2
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford...,
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden .
Stamford
Waterbury
399.6
61.7
93.1
23.2
47.0
26.0
26.2
395.7
60.5
94.0
21.5
48.0
25.4
24.7
396.2
60.5
94.5
21.4
48.1
25.3
24.6
68.6
7.3
17.0
3.3
17.8
4.7
3.1
71.2
7.9
17.4
3.3
18.1
4.9
3.2
70.3
7.5
17.3
3.3
18.0
4.9
3.1
348.7
44.3
95.1
12.1
54.9
28.4
16.1
377.9
47.0
101.6
13.6
59.8
31.0
18.1
360.6
44.7
98.6
13.1
56.6
29.9
17.1
71.5
61.3
70.4
59.8
69.4
59.2
12.1
13.0
12.9
13.9
12.5
13.7
63.2
52.9
71.7
59.2
68.1
57.2
15.0
84.0
15.6
86.1
15.6
85.5
24.4
90.8
24.4
96.7
24.5
96.4
60.4
388.1
65.3
424.9
61.7
407.3
518.7
12.7
42.9
4.9
5.4
37.7
22.5
28.1
93.6
49.5
11.1
7.7
4.2
90.1
38.3
522.8
12.2
43.7
5.4
5.4
37.6
22.3
26.4
92.1
53.5
11.1
8.3
4.6
89.4
37.0
522.7
12.4
43.6
5.4
5.4
38.0
22.3
26.8
92.0
53.2
11.2
8.2
4.6
88.9
37.2
243.0
3.2
21.4
4.5
1.7
26.6
5.9
5.8
67.5
22.4
5.9
3.5
2.8
37.1
10.8
250.2
3.4
21.8
4.9
1.7
27.6
6.1
5.5
68.2
24.6
6.4
3.6
2.8
37.2
11.5
247.4
3.3
21.8
4.8
1.7
27.2
6.0
5.5
66.6
24.2
6.2
3.5
2.8
36.8
11.7
1,213.8
29.2
129.1
29.7
19.2
96.7
37.1
31.3
210.7
111.0
29.5
29.2
21.1
206.9
78.6
1,303.1
31.0
135.7
32.2
21.1
104.7
39.8
32.7
221.4
122.1
31.7
29.4
22.8
219.4
84.7
1,291.9
30.9
134.3
32.7
20.4
103.0
39.0
32.3
218.6
118.4
30.9
29.5
22.6
214.9
85.4
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska .
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc.
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Valiejo—Fairfield-Napa
Delaware
Wilmington.
District of Columbia .
Washington MSA
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach..
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbqume-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach.
See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagrlcultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Government
Services
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987"
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Alabama
Birmingham.
Huntsville
Mobile ...
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
67.3
27.7
3.3
7.6
6.9
1.9
70.0
28.6
3.4
7.6
7.3
2.0
70.2
28.5
3.4
7.5
7.3
2.0
249.7
84.6
22.8
32.7
23.4
7.5
261.5
87.9
25.6
33.1
24.2
7.7
260.6
87.8
25.7
33.3
24.1
7.8
297.4
58.8
27.9
27.3
30.7
18.9
296.4
59.7
28.6
27.9
31.2
19.1
297.4
59.8
28.7
27.9
30.9
19.0
Alaska
12.4
12.3
12.2
42.9
42.8
41.9
68.2
67.9
66.9
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson
85.5
67.2
12.1
91.4
72.2
12.5
91.4
72.3
12.4
313.5
211.8
59.5
334.2
225.1
61.5
335.3
225.8
61.7
218.1
111.0
48.0
238.7
122.8
50.6
229.7
117.5
48.5
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
36.5
1.5
2.6
14.9
1.5
37.4
1.5
2.8
15.5
1.6
37.3
1.4
2.7
15.4
1.6
138.7
6.0
13 4
48.0
5.5
147.6
6.4
14 9
51.1
5.7
146.1
6.3
14 6
50.9
5.8
144.3
10.1
72
45.0
7.1
149.6
10.9
73
46.1
7.2
146.0
10.3
73
45.8
7.2
742.5
80.1
6.1
13.2
268.0
4.3
47.8
9.9
22.1
29.2
4.7
53.9
114.4
32.8
7.8
7.7
7.9
4.5
779.1
84.9
6.4
13.9
279.4
4.6
53.3
10.4
24.5
31.1
5.0
57.5
113.1
33.1
8.0
8.2
8.2
4.7
776.4
84.2
6.3
13.7
278.0
4.6
53.5
10.4
24.5
31.2
5.0
57.7
113.0
32.9
8.0
8.1
8.2
4.7
2,666.5
241.0
29.6
42.1
976.6
20.0
172.9
41.5
128.2
104.8
23.9
201.8
261.1
177.3
36.6
24.2
27.0
25.2
2,808.8
262.4
30.9
45.7
1,022.7
21.0
178.4
43.7
135.1
108.7
25.4
216.5
270.3
185.2
38.7
26.0
28.3
26.6
2,789.9
260.0
30.8
45.6
1,009.5
21.0
180.9
43.4
135.5
110.2
25.3
215.9
268.3
183.1
38.5
25.6
27.8
26.3
1,823.8
111.0
37.9
43.0
486.7
15.9
154.2
39.7
115.4
158.5
26.2
149.5
134.3
83.1
26.5
21.2
28.3
36.4
1,872.9
116.0
38.5
44.4
494.6
16.8
160.7
40.7
122.0
162.7
26.8
154.5
136.0
84.2
27.3
22.1
29.6
36.8
1,866.7
114.9
38.3
44.1
493.0
16.8
160.5
40.5
122.5
163.0
26.6
154.1
135.4
84.3
27.3
21.7
29.6
36.5
97.2
3.8
64.9
97.9
3.9
65.7
97.9
3.9
65.7
325.3
20.5
194.1
325.4
21.5
192.1
326.6
21.5
193.2
249.5
19.9
118.6
261.5
21.3
123.1
255.4
20.3
120.5
1340
10.0
70.9
3.5
14.2
10.7
3.9
142 7
11.0
76.9
3.9
14.8
11.5
4.1
142.9
11.1
77.1
4.0
14.7
11.5
4.1
355.8
41.7
98.7
12.3
62.4
33.8
19.3
381.3
44.5
104.3
13.1
66.4
37.6
20.7
375.8
44.3
103.5
13.1
65.5
36.8
20.3
189.9
18.3
56.4
6.3
29.9
9.7
11.2
200.6
18.3
59.1
6.7
30.9
10.1
12.1
195.7
18.2
59.0
6.4
30.7
10.1
12.2
21.3
19.3
24.0
22.0
24.4
22.4
63.1
56.6
68.6
61.2
68.4
60.4
44.1
35.1
46.8
37.6
45.3
36.5
District of Columbia
Washington MSA
35.5
109.3
37.1
117.5
36.9
117.1
213.9
588.9
227.2
629.3
223.6
621.5
266.1
553.3
263.0
559.8
261.8
552.9
Florida
Davtona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Mvers-CaDe Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville—Palm Bay
Miami—Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
TamDa St Petersburc-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
327.1
62
35.8
7.4
4.0
34.1
7.8
4.9
65.0
28.3
5.2
7.9
4.4
59.4
24.6
349.5
6.5
37.5
8.3
4.0
36.3
8.0
5.2
69.2
31.4
5.6
8.1
4.4
62.4
26.9
347.1
6.6
37.8
8.3
3.9
36.3
8.0
5.2
68.5
31.0
5.6
8.0
4.4
62.2
26.9
1,164.7
27.0
119.0
26.0
19.5
85.9
30.2
39.9
210.5
128.9
27.6
26.3
20.0
198.2
83.9
1,240.8
29.1
121.1
111
20.7
92.1
31.2
39.0
216.1
145.2
28.8
27.6
20.3
209.6
90.0
1,245.1
29.2
122.5
28.7
20.8
92.0
31.8
39.1
215.8
145.5
28.8
28.1
20.4
211.0
91.3
699.0
16.9
53.4
14.5
34.2
55.7
18.4
19.8
103.1
50.6
27.7
11.6
43.3
95.5
35.8
720.9
17.8
55.7
15.1
35.1
58.3
19.1
20.1
106.3
53.5
27.7
12.1
44.7
99.9
38.6
721.5
17.7
55.9
15.1
35.5
58.0
19.1
19.8
106.2
55.1
27.7
12.1
44.8
100.2
38.4
California
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Valtejo—Fairfield—Napa
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
.
Delaware
Wilmington
See footnotes at end of table.
62
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Construction
Mining
Total
State and area
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
2,597.3
48.9
59.9
1,283.6
148.3
87.8
114.0
95.9
2,746.5
48.8
61.6
1,377.5
152.5
91.1
116.5
102.6
2,723.4
48.7
62.6
1,368.8
152.5
89.4
116.1
101.8
Hawaii
Honolulu.
429.4
344.4
448.1
359.3
443.1
354.9
Idaho
Boise City.
324.0
83.8
339.1
87.2
329.4
85.7
3.2
2.5
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline .
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
4,678.8
127.6
50.6
77.5
2,899.8
150.8
50.0
93.1
31.6
168.3
130.8
121.5
91.6
4,843.9
134.2
53.9
82.9
2,994.3
149.6
49.9
94.8
32.8
177.6
131.2
124.5
94.3
4,767.5
132.2
53.5
79.3
2,945.3
148.1
48.9
93.3
32.1
171.9
130.0
123.3
93.0
26.0
24.4
Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette... :
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute
2,162.6
47.8
47.2
86.6
120.5
169.4
210.6
557.9
44.8
60.5
48.4
104.1
51.6
2,277.5
48.9
51.2
92.7
124.9
178.8
207.3
589.4
44.8
62.8
49.7
109.3
53.2
2,233.3
47.6
50.0
92.0
122.6
176.8
203.5
581.9
44.4
61.6
48.9
107.7
52.4
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls.
1,046.7
80.3
191.9
39.5
48.1
47.3
58.2
1,092.0
83.0
199.8
38.4
49.9
49.3
56.9
1,075.6
81.9
197.4
38.2
46.6
46.1
55.7
1.4
.1
964.3
29.4
81.7
202.0
990.5
31.6
84.5
207.5
975.2
30.6
83.7
203.3
15.3
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette.
Louisville
Owensboro
1,238.5
162.7
406.0
32.5
1,309.8
171.8
429.6
33.5
1,279.5
169.9
418.9
32.8
41.2
.9
.6
1.0
40.0
1.0
.7
1.0
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux.,
Lafayette
Lake Charles ...
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport
1,556.8
44.8
214.1
59.6
95.3
59.2
54.4
527.3
136.0
1,509.4
46.2
214.3
53.4
84.6
56.8
55.9
516.3
132.3
1,488.9
45.5
212.2
52.4
82.0
56.5
53.6
512.7
131.2
78.2
.2
1.1
8.0
15.4
1.8
.5
18.3
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn...
Portland
451.3
37.1
110.0
486.7
38.3
119.1
472.3
37.9
115.2
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah
Kansas
Lawrence .
Topeka
Wichita...
Dec.
1986
8.2
Jan.
1986
8.9
8.7
17
.5
.1
.1
U
.5
.1
.1
161.7
2.2
2.5
82.9
8.6
5.1
5.0
158.4
2.2
2.5
83.0
8.5
5.1
4.9
7.8
17.4
14.4
21.6
17.7
21.6
17.5
2.5
11.9
4.2
14.0
4.7
12.5
4.3
23.6
149.0
4.3
.9
1.9
93.8
4.0
1.6
4.0
.9
5.2
4.9
3.1
2.0
181.9
5.5
1.3
2.2
116.0
4.4
1.6
4.5
1.2
7.0
5.3
3.7
2.5
160.4
4.9
1.0
2.0
105.0
3.4
1.5
4.0
1.2
5.3
4.7
3.3
2.1
80.0
1.1
1.2
2.2
7.3
7.4
10.4
23.7
1.0
1.5
1.4
4.1
1.6
101.6
1.3
1.5
2.6
8.3
8.8
11.5
29.6
1.1
2.1
1.8
4.9
1.8
93.4
1.2
1.3
2.4
8.0
8.3
10.4
27.8
1.0
2.0
1.6
4.6
1.7
27.3
2.2
5.9
1.0
1.1
1.4
1.3
34.8
3.1
7.1
1.2
1.4
1.7
1.5
31.8
2.9
6.4
1.1
1.3
1.6
1.4
36.8
.8
2.7
8.1
40.0
1.0
3.8
9.6
37.8
1.0
3.6
8.5
39.4
1.0
.7
.9
48.7
8.2
18.6
1.7
60.5
11.1
22.1
1.8
56.0
10.2
19.8
1.8
58.6
.2
1.0
6.0
11.4
1.3
.5
16.2
3.2
58.3
.2
1.0
6.0
10.7
1.3
.5
16.3
3.4
94.6
2.7
21.0
2.1
4.3
6.4
3.3
25.9
7.7
85.7
2.6
20.0
1.5
3.2
5.0
3.0
23.9
6.9
84.1
2.5
19.3
1.4
3.0
4.8
2.9
23.4
6.9
.1
.1
21.8
1.6
6.0
26.4
1.7
7.1
24.7
1.6
6.7
13
.5
.1
.1
8.9
t
8()
0
)
3.0
8.5
}
.2
!>
Jan.
1987P
143.7
2.1
2.4
72.0
9.0
5.0
4.9
5.7
)
2.6
Dec.
1986
2.6
8.2
')
') "
2.3
1.8
.1
11.8
0
2.9
0
11.4
K
See footnotes at end of table.
63
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities
Manufacturing
State and area
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins.
Savannah
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Wholesale and retail trade
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
562.2
9.8
15.2
191.1
36.6
20.2
19.3
15.9
567.8
8.7
15.4
194.4
36.3
19.8
18.9
17.1
563.9
8.7
15.3
191.9
36.4
19.6
18.8
17.0
164.6
2.2
1.7
106.7
4.9
3.4
4.9
10.0
168.3
2.1
1.7
109.9
5.1
3.5
5.1
9.9
167.7
2.1
1.7
109.4
5.1
3.5
5.1
9.8
643.4
12.2
11.9
353.3
31.2
18.3
24.2
23.5
707.0
12.7
12.9
392.0
33.4
20.6
25.7
24.2
690.9
12.7
12.7
384.8
33.0
19.2
25.5
23.8
Hawaii
Honolulu.
21.5
15.5
21.8
15.9
21.6
15.8
33.5
27.4
34.1
27.8
34.2
27.8
115.7
90.9
119.8
94.2
117.8
92.5
Idaho
Boise City.
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline ,
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
50.4
10.2
53.5
10.2
51.3
10.2
18.2
5.4
18.6
5.5
18.1
5.6
82.1
21.8
86.2
23.0
83.0
22.4
932.5
36.1
4.6
7.4
555.3
32.3
14.9
19.7
5.3
40.9
32.4
45.2
3.8
922.2
35.6
4.4
7.5
544.6
29.2
13.7
19.7
5.5
39.3
30.6
45.8
3.8
922.3
35.9
4.4
7.6
540.3
29.4
13.6
19.6
5.3
39.0
30.8
45.7
3.8
277.4
4.4
3.2
2.2
184.4
8.0
4.5
8.6
1.5
6.3
6.7
4.5
4.7
279.2
4.8
2.9
2.1
190.2
8.1
4.4
8.4
1.5
6.4
6.5
4.4
4.7
278.1
5.0
2.9
2.1
188.5
8.1
4.4
8.2
1.5
6.4
6.5
4.4
4.7
1,162.9
35.2
12.7
18.9
724.0
42.2
10.8
22.4
8.1
44.5
32.8
28.0
18.7
1,225.0
37.7
12.5
19.1
756.7
42.3
11.8
22.7
8.2
47.3
33.5
28.4
19.4
1,196.1
36.5
12.5
19.0
736.8
41.9
11.0
22.6
8.0
45.8
33.0
28.3
19.2
600.6
18.9
7.6
45.8
30.7
47.0
58.4
106.6
21.0
11.4
10.8
24.2
10.5
599.0
18.3
8.3
49.0
30.8
48.9
48.8
106.7
19.7
11.3
10.7
23.9
10.6
596.1
17.7
8.7
49.0
30.4
48.9
48.3
106.1
20.0
11.2
10.7
23.9
10.5
109.5
1.3
1.6
2.7
6.5
11.0
13.6
33.0
1.4
1.7
2.2
4.5
2.6
113.3
1.4
1.7
2.7
6.5
11.5
13.3
35.5
1.4
1.6
2.2
4.9
2.7
111.5
1.4
1.6
2.7
6.4
11.3
13.2
34.9
1.3
1.6
2.2
4.8
2.6
504.3
10.1
10.6
16.3
29.9
42.0
48.5
143.9
9.2
12.6
11.8
26.8
13.7
551.8
11.0
11.9
18.1
31.7
44.2
50.8
153.3
9.7
12.9
12.1
29.0
14.2
535.5
10.6
11.5
17.5
30.8
43.6
49.6
149.7
9.5
12.8
11.9
28.0
13.8
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls.
200.3
21.9
22.1
11.6
3.6
9.6
13.0
199.4
22.5
21.7
8.5
3.9
9.8
9.3
198.8
22.3
21.8
8.7
3.8
7.1
9.3
50.9
4.1
12.0
1.6
1.0
3.1
1.8
52.7
4.2
11.9
1.6
1.2
3.4
1.8
52.5
4.1
11.9
1.5
1.2
3.4
1.8
265.9
20.0
50.6
8.9
8.7
12.2
13.9
284.6
20.4
52.2
9.6
9.3
12.6
14.4
278.9
20.0
50.9
9.4
8.7
12.1
14.1
Kansas
Lawrence .
Topeka
Wichita....
174.7
4.3
9.1
54.2
173.7
4.4
9.0
55.5
174.1
4.4
9.1
55.2
62.3
1.3
6.9
9.8
62.3
1.3
6.7
9.8
61.7
1.3
6.6
9.5
241.5
6.5
18.2
49.5
253.6
7.0
19.2
50.6
246.6
6.8
18.8
48.7
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette.,
Louisville
Owensboro
250.6
29.3
84.3
5.8
257.0
28.4
86.8
5.9
255.3
28.2
86.3
5.7
65.5
7.6
25.1
2.2
70.0
7.7
26.1
2.3
68.6
7.6
25.6
2.3
293.5
38.4
100.5
8.6
314.7
40.8
106.5
8.4
301.5
40.3
102.0
8.2
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux..
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport
167.9
3.3
19.2
4.9
6.2
9.0
7.2
44.4
19.2
166.3
3.4
19.0
5.1
5.9
8.6
7.5
44.7
18.6
164.2
3.3
18.7
4.8
5.9
8.7
7.4
44.6
18.7
112.6
2.3
10.3
7.4
7.3
4.0
2.9
45.0
8.4
105.9
2.4
10.4
6.0
6.5
3.8
2.6
42.3
8.4
105.2
2.4
10.4
5.7
6.4
3.8
2.6
42.2
8.3
374.4
10.2
52.4
14.6
25.1
14.0
15.2
137.6
32.6
369.8
11.1
52.7
13.4
22.5
14.2
15.4
137.2
31.2
360.4
10.7
52.0
13.5
21.8
13.9
14.7
135.8
30.4
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn...
Portland
103.4
10.3
16.5
105.5
9.8
16.6
103.7
9.9
16.3
18.9
1.3
5.7
19.6
1.3
6.0
19.4
1.3
6.0
105.8
8.6
32.0
118.2
9.4
36.1
112.8
9.1
34.3
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette...
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka.
Terre Haute
See footnotes at end of table.
64
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Government
Services
State and area
Jan.
1986
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins.
Savannah
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
139.3
2.4
1.9
90.8
5.2
5.9
7.0
4.2
149.3
2.4
2.0
97.1
5.8
6.3
7.5
4.5
148.9
2.4
2.1
96.4
5.9
6.3
7.5
4.5
478.3
7.6
8.4
286.5
28.4
14.6
19.8
21.5
522.3
8.0
9.2
315.7
29.6
15.5
20.2
22.7
521.1
7.9
9.2
315.8
29.6
15.4
20.2
22.9
457.6
12.5
18.3
182.0
32.6
20.4
33.7
15.1
461.3
12.6
17.7
183.8
33.2
20.3
34.1
16.1
463.8
12.6
18.9
185.8
33.3
20.2
34.0
16.2
32.3
27.3
33.2
28.1
33.1
28.0
115.9
90.2
121.1
94.1
120.8
94.1
93.1
78.7
96.5
81.5
94.0
79.2
23.4
8.3
23.9
8.6
23.9
8.5
65.4
17.7
67.7
18.4
67.6
17.9
69.4
16.2
72.7
16.8
70.5
16.8
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline .
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
341.0
6.8
9.1
3.1
246.0
7.7
2.8
3.8
1.5
6.6
6.8
5.1
7.7
349.5
6.9
9.2
3.3
253.1
8.0
2.7
3.9
1.6
6.5
7.0
5.5
7.9
347.1
6.8
9.2
3.3
252.3
8.0
2.7
3.8
1.6
6.6
7.0
5.5
7.9
1,097.8
26.3
10.9
13.8
739.3
29.3
9.9
18.6
8.0
36.4
31.4
23.8
23.5
1,132.2
28.8
11.4
14.3
768.7
30.4
10.2
19.1
8.1
41.0
32.2
24.3
23.9
1,123.2
28.5
11.2
14.3
760.1
30.2
10.2
18.9
8.1
40.0
32.0
23.9
23.7
692.2
14.4
9.2
30.2
354.4
27.3
5.4
15.8
6.3
27.6
15.8
11.8
31.1
729.5
14.8
12.2
34.4
361.9
27.2
5.5
16.3
6.7
29.4
16.1
12.4
32.0
716.7
14.5
12.3
31.0
359.3
27.1
5.5
16.0
6.4
28.1
16.0
12.2
31.5
Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute
107.1
1.6
1.5
2.3
4.8
11.1
7.8
41.7
1.3
2.8
1.6
5.2
1.8
112.1
1.6
1.6
2.4
5.0
11.8
8.1
43.5
1.4
3.0
1.6
5.6
1.8
111.9
1.6
1.6
2.4
4.9
11.7
8.1
43.5
1.4
2.9
1.6
5.6
1.9
411.5
9.1
7.4
11.9
27.3
33.8
41.8
121.1
5.8
10.4
9.5
28.3
10.5
434.7
9.4
7.6
12.5
28.3
35.8
44.3
130.7
5.9
11.0
9.8
29.6
10.9
430.3
9.3
7.6
12.6
28.1
35.5
43.8
130.0
5.8
10.9
9.7
29.4
10.8
340.6
5.7
17.1
5.4
11.4
17.1
30.1
87.2
5.1
20.1
11.1
11.0
10.4
356.5
5.9
18.3
5.4
12.0
17.8
30.5
89.3
5.6
20.9
11.5
11.4
10.8
346.3
5.7
17.5
5.3
11.6
17.6
30.1
89.2
5.4
20.2
11.2
11.4
10.7
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls.
62.4
4.7
24.7
1.4
1.4
2.6
3.1
63.0
4.6
26.0
1.4
1.5
2.5
3.2
63.4
4.6
26.1
1.4
1.5
2.6
3.2
231.2
17.3
47.4
11.5
7.4
12.1
13.4
241.0
18.0
50.7
12.5
7.5
12.8
14.1
237.6
17.9
50.0
12.6
7.4
12.8
13.9
207.3
10.0
29.1
3.5
24.9
6.3
11.7
214.7
10.1
30.1
3.6
25.0
6.5
12.6
211.0
10.0
30.2
3.5
22.7
6.5
12.0
Kansas
Lawrence .
Topeka
Wichita...
53.3
.9
5.8
10.5
54.4
1.1
6.0
10.9
54.6
1.0
6.1
10.9
188.0
5.0
18.3
41.9
196.2
5.4
19.0
43.4
194.5
5.2
18.8
43.3
192.4
10.6
20.6
25.1
198.5
11.4
20.7
25.4
194.5
10.9
20.6
25.0
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette.,
Louisville
Owensboro
57.6
8.5
26.6
1.3
60.5
9.0
27.9
1.4
60.2
9.0
28.1
1.4
249.7
37.2
92.3
7.0
262.8
38.7
99.3
7.5
260.1
38.6
97.2
7.3
231.7
32.6
58.0
4.9
244.3
35.1
60.2
5.2
238.4
35.0
59.3
5.2
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux.
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport
85.6
2.6
13.6
2.6
4.1
2.7
4.4
33.4
7.9
84.7
2.6
13.4
2.5
4.0
2.7
4.5
33.7
7.8
85.0
2.6
13.4
2.4
4.0
2.7
4.5
33.7
7.8
320.4
10.4
41.0
8.9
20.1
10.8
10.9
134.2
30.0
315.6
11.0
41.3
7.9
17.6
10.5
11.0
132.7
31.2
313.1
11.0
41.0
8.0
17.5
10.7
11.1
131.8
30.4
323.1
13.1
55.5
11.1
12.8
10.5
10.0
88.5
25.4
322.8
12.9
56.5
11.0
13.5
10.7
11.4
85.6
25.0
318.6
12.8
56.4
10.6
12.7
10.6
9.9
84.9
25.3
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn..
Portland
21.6
1.9
10.3
23.1
2.2
11.1
23.1
2.1
11.4
94.3
9.6
25.4
102.4
9.9
27.6
101.6
9.9
26.4
85.4
3.8
14.1
91.4
4.0
15.4
86.9
4.0
14.1
Hawaii
Honolulu.
Boise City.
See footnotes at end of table.
65
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Mining
Construction
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
1,877.4
1,016.4
443.6
666.5
1,998.6
1,075.6
456.9
715.6
1,959.8
1,054.7
452.3
700.7
1.5
.2
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster.
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
2,904.7
1,638.0
68.7
54.3
39.1
158.8
102.9
64.6
41.0
223.1
185.0
3,045.7
1,718.3
72.9
56.9
40.7
160.7
105.9
67.2
43.1
235.7
196.6
2,963.6
1,680.3
70.1
54.7
39.3
158.4
103.7
64.9
41.7
229.6
191.0
1.4
.6
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland.
3,579.6
156.5
53.3
60.0
1,800.7
177.6
295.5
48.4
100.0
194.9
55.1
147.6
3,699.4
164.8
55.8
62.8
1,882.1
179.6
305.9
50.3
104.1
203.2
56.1
154.6
3,626.2
162.8
54.4
61.4
1,849.7
172.3
297.8
49.3
102.3
201.4
54.7
147.9
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul.
Rochester
St. Cloud
1,829.4
79.2
1,196.8
54.1
62.8
1,919.6
82.8
1,250.5
56.4
67.0
1,877.0
80.6
1,228.8
55.3
65.8
844.1
168.6
859.8
173.4
846.3
171.2
8.4
1.5
6.4
1.2
2,079.2
702.3
35.1
1,072.6
99.0
2,145.5
720.1
35.7
1,100.5
104.6
2,106.1
713.2
34.9
1,085.5
103.1
5.9
.5
5.4
.5
Montana.,
269.8
275.6
270.8
6.1
Nebraska.
Lincoln..,
Omaha..,
635.6
105.1
284.7
663.2
109.3
293.8
647.9
106.1
289.8
1.7
Nevada
Las Vegas .
Reno
445.0
250.5
119.4
481.4
271.7
129.2
476.8
271.6
126.0
5.8
.3
.7
New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester,NH-ME
472.0
84.5
97.9
499.6
88.9
105.0
492.7
88.2
103.4
3,382.7
141.4
635.4
396.1
229.3
479.1
288.5
925.7
183.0
52.2
3,549.7
151.1
660.2
418.7
242.8
502.1
310.3
961.0
193.6
54.8
3,476.9
149.1
645.2
407.5
235.7
491.7
304.2
951.9
189.7
54.4
Mississippi.
Jackson ...
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield
New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon.,
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.
66
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
1.7
.2
1.6
.3
1
2.0
.9
I'))
(l
.2
.3
139.4
66.1
17.0
61.1
1.8
.8
104.0
55.0
123.6
65.2
113.8
59.1
3.0
1.6
1.7
.1
.2
.2
4.1
2.2
1.5
6.9
7.0
4.3
2.2
2.2
8.7
4.9
3.0
1.9
8.8
8.9
3.7
1.9
1.8
8.5
4.4
2.7
1.7
7.7
8.0
0
9.8
98.3
116.9
107.8
4.1
1.1
1.1
4.7
1.4
1.4
3.9
1.2
1.2
0
.2
l
)
' .1
'.I
.1
C
.8
(')
(')
(')
(')
(')
(')
(')
('2
(2
(
(')
C) •
10.0
•)
')
(')
01
.9
(')
(')
(')
(')
(')
(')
(')
6.1
3.8
10.6
o
.2
.1
9.6
(')
(')
')
0 .8
50.4
4.2
1
63.3
5.3
58.5
4.6
11.3
14.4
12.9
el 4.6
1.1
2.8
4.6
1.8
5.1
1.4
3.0
5.3
2.1
6.5
1.1
2.8
5.3
1.7
5.6
58.2
74.2
64.5
2.8
2.2
3.5
n11
1
4.8
2.5
Jan.
1987P
143.9
67.8
17.7
62.0
01
]
)
1
Dec.
1986
124.5
59.2
16.4
54.1
0
('
('
Jan.
1986
Jan.
1987 P
(2l)
(2)
3.2
40.6
51.0
46.0
1.4
2.1
1.6
3.2
1.4
2.7
6.2
1.2
33.7
35.3
31.8
8.2
8.4
8.1
5.3
.6
85.5
30.3
94.2
34.6
91.9
35.2
3.4
.1
50.9
56.1
54.6
3.9
3.9
3.8
5.8
5.5
8.0
8.6
7.6
1.9
1.9
20.7
23.9
22.1
.2
10.6
11.6
11.2
6.6
.3
.7
6.5
.3
.7
23.9
14.7
27.8
16.6
27.0
16.6
5.8
7.1
6.7
.4
.1
.1
.5
.1
.1
.4
.1
.1
31.9
34.2
32.9
3.9
4.3
4.9
5.5
4.9
4.9
2.0
2.2
2.2
133.9
160.5
146.9
2
)
2
)
3.7
.1
l
)
()
3.4
.1
(l)
(')
('
.2
.1
o .5
0) .6
(l)
.3
)
')
'.I
.6
" .7
(')
.3
'.\
o
3.4
8.0
(')
l
1.2
24.4
17.6
1.2
3.7
9.8
30.3
21.4
1.2
3.4
9.9
28.1
20.0
5.7
6.9
6.2
.7
19.5
15.8
31.8
22.9
19.7
37.3
20.4
18.2
35.7
A
3.8
1.7
4.8
2.4
4.3
2.3
.6
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Wholesale and retail trade
Transportation and
public utilities
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
210.1
134.3
48.4
35.6
209.1
132.3
46.5
35.4
208.9
131.7
45.9
35.6
89.7
54.9
28.5
22.6
93.1
55.2
27.8
24.8
91.4
54.2
27.1
24.5
477.3
248.1
95.5
179.9
517.6
269.9
98.6
197.6
503.5
260.3
96.5
190.6
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
630.5
296.9
11.9
18.1
13.5
54.6
38.5
21.7
12.1
51.8
46.6
615.6
294.4
11.2
17.5
13.5
52.6
37.4
21.1
12.1
52.5
45.4
609.3
292.1
10.6
16.7
13.2
51.9
37.2
20.9
11.8
52.4
45.6
123.2
72.3
5.2
1.7
1.6
6.4
3.5
2.9
1.0
8.8
7.9
126.9
73.8
5.2
1.9
1.5
6.8
3.4
3.3
1.0
9.0
8.5
123.0
73.0
4.7
1.9
1.5
6.7
3.3
3.1
1.0
8.7
8.2
684.3
371.2
20.2
13.7
9.4
33.0
21.6
14.5
10.7
52.4
45.4
729.2
395.5
22.1
15.2
10.5
36.3
22.7
15.8
11.5
56.4
49.7
699.1
384.3
21.7
14.5
9.9
35.6
21.7
14.4
10.8
53.6
47.5
1,010.8
39.4
14.3
21.2
497.9
68.4
95.8
12.9
29.5
38.8
18.3
46.7
995.8
39.5
15.0
21.5
491.8
63.9
93.0
12.8
29.3
38.4
17.5
45.3
984.6
39.4
14.9
21.3
486.9
60.2
93.0
12.9
29.1
37.7
17.4
44.9
145.1
4.7
1.8
2.5
81.0
4.7
10.8
4.1
3.2
5.6
2.7
7.0
150.6
5.0
1.8
2.5
85.4
4.6
10.8
4.1
3.4
5.2
2.6
7.3
147.9
5.0
1.8
2.5
85.1
4.5
10.7
4.1
3.4
5.0
2.6
7.0
785.9
23.8
10.1
11.3
409.3
41.1
73.1
10.7
21.7
37.9
11.6
33.1
849.6
27.8
11.0
12.1
444.5
44.7
78.3
11.5
23.7
40.9
12.4
36.0
819.8
26.3
10.4
11.5
431.9
42.4
74.3
11.1
22.6
39.9
11.8
33.8
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul.
Rochester
St. Cloud
360.7
6.8
249.1
10.9
11.3
367.4
7.2
250.6
10.4
11.3
364.9
7.1
250.0
10.3
11.5
96.2
5.3
66.5
1.8
3.6
98.2
5.5
66.8
1.6
3.6
95.8
5.0
65.8
1.5
3.6
454.4
20.7
293.8
11.0
18.9
483.1
22.4
312.8
12.4
20.7
466.1
21.4
305.0
11.7
20.5
Mississippi.
Jackson ...
223.9
20.1
221.8
20.0
219.4
19.9
38.7
10.8
39.8
11.1
39.4
11.2
179.0
40.9
189.2
43.2
182.6
41.6
Missouri
Kansas City.
St. Joseph...
St. Louis
Springfield...
426.9
119.6
9.0
224.6
19.8
416.6
118.3
8.9
217.8
19.9
414.5
117.6
8.9
218.1
19.7
139.0
54.4
2.1
73.0
6.3
141.7
54.8
2.2
74.1
6.4
141.4
54.1
2.1
74.2
6.4
495.3
180.3
8.7
254.9
26.6
514.0
182.0
9.1
265.3
28.7
493.5
178.8
8.5
256.8
28.0
Montana
20.9
21.5
21.1
20.6
19.9
19.6
70.1
72.8
70.9
Nebraska...
Lincoln...
Omaha...
84.9
12.4
32.1
86.0
12.9
31.9
82.5
12.8
31.8
42.2
5.7
22.8
43.6
6.0
23.3
43.2
5.8
23.1
165.3
24.7
74.1
172.8
25.8
76.8
168.4
24.9
74.7
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
21.7
7.8
8.0
22.7
8.3
8.4
22.7
8.3
25.5
14.4
8.2
27.3
15.5
8.9
27.1
15.4
90.6
52.5
27.4
99.5
57.6
30.0
96.4
56.1
28.8
New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester.NH-ME.
120.1
35.9
20.9
117.7
35.2
20.2
118.0
35.3
20.2
16.0
2.2
2.5
17.5
2.2
2.8
17.6
2.2
2.7
112.9
18.0
23.8
127.7
20.9
27.8
123.3
20.6
27.2
New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon.,
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
688.3
8.1
165.4
74.8
50.3
111.8
30.8
187.2
31.8
14.3
693.2
8.4
161.9
76.1
52.9
112.0
30.3
188.8
32.2
15.2
685.0
8.3
159.0
74.8
49.7
112.1
30.4
187.3
31.8
14.7
227.1
5.8
31.3
16.8
29.6
38.9
14.9
79.6
6.0
2.0
233.1
5.9
29.5
17.5
30.9
40.3
15.9
80.9
6.3
2.1
230.1
5.9
28.8
14.8
28.9
39.8
15.8
81.0
6.3
2.1
807.3
27.1
179.3
105.7
55.0
117.4
78.7
191.2
29.8
10.7
865.1
29.8
193.6
112.5
59.4
123.5
88.4
200.9
32.2
10.9
832.6
28.6
186.1
107.4
58.6
119.6
84.6
197.5
31.2
10.8
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland.
See footnotes at end of table.
67
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
State and area
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Jan.
1986
Dec.
Government
Services
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C..
111.2
67.6
42.4
36.3
120.1
73.6
46.0
39.0
118.5
72.7
45.2
38.9
475.0
250.7
125.4
186.7
513.3
269.1
133.3
199.8
509.1
265.0
133.9
196.9
388.1
201.4
87.0
151.0
399.8
207.5
87.0
156.6
387.4
204.4
86.7
152.8
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster.
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
194.2
134.4
2.9
2.7
1.5
5.6
3.7
2.4
2.0
14.7
11.9
208.7
143.0
3.0
2.8
1.6
6.0
4.2
2.6
2.1
15.6
12.7
209.3
142.7
3.2
2.8
1.6
6.1
4.2
2.5
2.1
15.5
12.6
782.8
513.1
14.0
10.2
6.8
28.8
18.5
11.4
8.9
51.8
43.7
844.0
547.6
14.9
10.7
6.9
31.3
20.0
12.0
9.7
55.6
47.8
822.6
533.0
14.9
10.6
7.0
30.4
19.8
12.0
9.6
54.4
45.7
384.3
194.5
11.5
6.3
4.6
19.8
12.8
9.5
4.7
36.6
22.4
395.7
197.9
12.2
6.6
4.5
19.0
13.1
9.4
4.7
37.6
23.5
384.7
195.3
11.3
6.3
4.3
19.2
13.0
9.3
4.6
37.1
23.2
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland..
165.6
4.1
3.7
2.3
96.5
5.9
13.2
1.6
4.3
10.4
1.4
6.0
174.1
4.4
3.7
2.4
101.0
6.3
13.6
1.6
4.6
11.1
1.4
6.0
174.5
4.4
3.7
2.5
101.5
6.3
13.6
1.6
4.6
11.1
1.4
6.0
767.7
30.9
11.1
13.4
432.6
30.1
60.8
9.1
21.8
33.0
10.8
28.8
795.1
32.3
11.5
14.2
453.4
31.9
64.3
9.5
22.8
36.2
11.2
31.3
789.3
32.5
11.3
14.2
451.5
31.9
62.2
9.2
22.7
36.5
11.1
30.0
596.7
49.4
11.0
8.2
232.2
23.0
30.0
8.8
16.6
64.2
8.5
20.6
607.3
51.0
11.5
8.7
241.9
22.8
31.2
9.2
17.3
65.9
8.8
21.9
592.6
51.2
11.1
8.2
233.5
22.4
30.7
9.1
16.9
65.7
8.6
20.5
Minnesota
112.1
3.1
86.1
1.5
2.3
118.4
3.2
91.4
1.7
2.4
117.9
3.1
91.1
1.6
2.4
433.2
19.1
295.5
21.7
12.6
455.2
19.9
307.8
22.7
13.5
448.3
19.6
303.2
22.7
12.9
308.5
18.2
164.5
5.8
12.0
318.3
18.6
169.4
6.2
12.2
314.8
18.2
167.3
6.0
12.1
36.1
13.0
37.8
13.8
37.7
13.8
132.2
35.1
135.6
36.8
135.4
36.3
192.1
38.9
193.8
38.9
193.8
39.1
124.2
54.3
1.9
67.9
5.0
132.6
56.9
1.9
71.8
5.1
131.9
56.9
1.8
72.0
5.1
465.2
156.4
6.8
260.9
25.1
492.8
162.7
6.6
276.3
26.7
485.5
161.0
6.7
272.4
26.3
337.2
106.5
5.4
136.7
12.2
348.2
110.3
5.8
135.7
13.8
342.1
109.0
5.7
134.0
13.7
Montana
12.9
12.9
12.7
60.1
62.7
62.5
71.1
71.4
70.9
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
45.9
7.6
27.7
47.9
7.7
29.1
47.9
7.7
29.5
140.3
21.6
73.5
148.1
22.5
77.1
145.6
22.4
75.8
134.6
29.7
43.7
139.0
30.7
43.8
136.3
29.1
43.5
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
21.1
12.6
6.4
23.3
13.9
6.9
23.3
13.9
6.9
196.5
117.8
47.9
210.2
127.2
50.8
211.6
129.5
50.1
59.9
30.4
15.0
64.0
32.3
16.4
62.2
31.5
15.6
New Hampshire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester,NH-ME.
26.8
3.0
5.4
29.7
3.3
6.0
29.4
3.2
6.0
102.5
15.4
16.3
108.2
16.1
17.9
108.3
15.8
17.9
61.4
6.0
24.6
64.1
6.2
24.7
62.8
6.1
24.4
202.2
6.4
33.3
21.1
9.9
31.3
16.1
70.8
8.6
2.8
212.6
6.7
34.8
22.4
10.2
33.1
16.8
74.2
8.9
2.8
213.0
6.7
35.6
22.6
10.4
33.2
17.0
74.9
8.7
2.9
794.3
61.8
134.7
90.1
38.9
91.5
73.4
232.6
51.2
9.3
838.4
65.0
142.4
95.0
41.9
97.3
78.4
242.6
55.5
9.7
828.1
64.5
141.2
94.2
41.2
96.0
77.8
239.9
53.9
9.8
527.6
24.1
66.7
70.0
40.0
68.3
58.7
131.9
51.8
11.0
544.6
25.4
67.6
73.7
40.6
72.4
60.7
135.6
53.7
11.4
539.0
25.1
66.3
73.6
40.7
70.0
60.3
134.9
53.5
11.4
DuluthSZ~I~.
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
Mississippi
Jackson...
Kansas City.
St. Joseph...
St. Louis
Springfield...
New Jersey
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon.
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.
68
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
State and area
New Mexico....
Albuquerque .
Las Cruces ..=
Santa Fe
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Mining
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Construction
Jan.
1987P
Dec.
1986
Jan.
Dec.
Jan.
1987P
521.0
222.1
38.8
51.5
535.3
230.5
42.6
53.8
526.6
226.6
42.0
53.2
20.1
.2
.1
.1
14.7
.2
.1
.1
U.I
1
.1
.1
33.8
16.3
2.3
3.1
34.2
16.8
2.5
3.2
32.8
16.4
2.5
3.1
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy .
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Pougnkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
7,691.4
380.1
115.9
406.3
34.5
41.1
1,062.5
3,979.2
3,479.4
75.2
92.4
112.9
447.1
93.2
285.9
113.4
390.1
8,074.3
398.3
119.2
430.2
37.1
44.5
1,132.5
4,130.4
3,602.7
79.0
98.0
117.2
460.1
97.5
298.7
120.1
412.9
7,865.5
390.1
116.3
415.6
36.3
43.3
1,094.7
4,048.8
3,536.3
75.9
94.9
113.5
449.5
95.1
292.4
116.5
400.3
5.4
.2
5.6
.2
5.1
.2
.3
1.4
.9
.2
1.3
.7
.2
1.4
.2
.1
.3
.2
.1
.3
267.3
13.9
4.7
11.7
1.1
1.4
47.1
133.7
106.3
2.0
3.5
4.9
13.2
4.0
14.2
2.6
22.4
319.5
17.6
5.2
14.4
1.5
2.1
57.8
149.3
115.9
2.7
4.3
6.3
16.5
5.0
14.8
3.2
27.0
291.2
16.0
4.7
11.8
1.2
1.5
51.5
138.9
109.3
2.3
3.9
5.6
14.5
4.4
13.5
2.8
24.0
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point..
Raleigh-Durham
2,673.8
74.2
529.2
441.9
362.9
2,796.8
76.4
554.6
454.0
379.0
2,757.6
74.8
548.1
450.1
373.2
4.6
.1
.4
.3
.3
4.7
.1
.3
.3
.3
148.3
3.5
29.8
23.3
23.2
160.2
3.8
31.2
23.6
24.1
155.9
3.4
31.3
23.3
23.9
243.7
35.0
66.8
27.0
249.7
36.4
70.3
29.4
243.5
35.7
69.0
28.0
6.1
.2
4.1
.2
3.9
7.7
1.2
2.4
1.0
9.1
1.4
3.0
1.3
7.9
1.2
2.6
1.1
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield....
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren.
4,352.2
254.2
148.9
630.1
859.3
609.4
409.9
265.8
183.6
4,569.4
266.4
154.4
669.1
896.5
650.5
432.1
283.4
192.5
4,464.2
259.3
151.2
651.7
876.8
636.9
423.9
275.9
188.6
24.7
.8
1.2
.3
1.2
1.0
.3
.2
.6
21.8
.7
1.1
.3
1.1
.9
.4
.2
.6
21.2
.7
1.1
.3
1.0
.8
.4
.2
.5
133.8
7.1
4.3
22.3
23.0
20.2
12.1
7.8
5.2
163.1
8.9
5.8
27.7
25.1
25.1
16.0
10.1
6.8
144.5
7.9
4.9
25.0
22.5
22.8
14.5
9.0
6.1
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City.
Tulsa
1,149.4
23.6
33.7
418.6
300.8
1,142.8
21.9
33.1
408.1
301.3
1,127.5
21.6
33.0
399.7
300.5
61.7
1.8
.3
15.8
18.6
53.1
1.2
.2
12.3
17.4
53.3
1.2
.2
12.3
17.5
40.1
.9
1.4
14.1
12.6
39.7
.8
1.3
13.8
12.3
38.2
.8
1.4
13.2
12.2
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield.
Portland
Salem
1,020.8
96.2
520.0
86.6
1,072.8
101.1
535.1
89.6
1,052.1
99.5
526.6
88.7
1.3
.1
.5
.1
1.3
.2
.5
.1
1.2
.1
.5
.1
30.7
2.7
17.5
2.7
31.0
2.8
17.8
2.5
29.2
2.7
17.1
2.5
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle....
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
4,670.8
259.3
47.0
50.5
107.5
275.3
73.3
164.0
2,042.3
750.5
824.7
4,876.5
267.4
49.9
50.3
111.1
289.4
76.5
177.0
2,152.6
778.9
852.0
4,753.2
261.5
48.2
49.3
108.0
285.0
75.4
172.9
2,110.1
762.6
834.3
33.6
32.1
.5
31.3
.3
.4
3.8
.4
1.1
.4
3.8
.3
1.1
164.3
9.2
1.8
3.3
2.4
9.2
2.1
8.1
77.4
16.3
32.3
206.7
11.6
2.6
4.0
3.3
11.3
2.6
9.4
99.2
18.9
40.2
182.2
10.7
2.2
3.6
2.9
10.7
2.2
9.1
93.1
17.3
36.4
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead.
Grand Forks
0
)
A
3.6
.3
1.1
6.7
.1
.3
4.7
.1
.3
.3
.3
!
)
6.6
See footnotes at end of table.
69
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Wholesale and retail trade
Transportation and
public utilities
State and area
Jan.
1986
New Mexico....
Albuquerque .
Las Cruces ...
Santa Fe
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
36.9
19.2
3.2
1.6
37.8
19.6
3.7
1.6
37.0
19.3
3.6
1.6
29.6
12.2
1.3
1.3
29.6
12.7
1.3
1.2
29.1
12.5
1.3
1.2
123.5
56.8
7.5
9.8
131.5
60.3
8.2
10.7
127.1
58.4
7.9
10.4
1,252.7
50.5
38.5
76.4
6.7
9.7
179.7
473.3
388.6
24.7
14.6
33.3
143.6
16.0
55.2
24.4
67.0
1,235.0
48.8
37.3
76.1
7.0
10.3
181.2
469.6
384.3
24.2
14.9
31.6
135.3
15.9
53.9
24.0
67.6
1,215.8
48.0
37.1
75.3
7.0
10.2
180.3
460.5
375.7
24.2
14.4
31.3
134.3
15.8
54.0
23.8
67.2
403.7
16.0
4.1
21.0
1.3
1.3
45.8
247.4
222.5
3.4
5.4
3.3
13.7
4.2
15.8
4.6
20.1
411.2
16.8
4.1
22.0
1.3
1.3
47.8
245.2
219.6
3.6
5.8
3.4
14.0
4.2
17.2
4.8
20.8
401.5
16.4
4.1
21.4
1.3
1.3
47.1
240.5
215.5
3.4
5.6
3.3
13.9
4.2
16.6
4.7
20.2
1,628.5
82.3
24.0
102.5
9.7
9.3
287.3
754.1
632.8
16.9
24.2
20.3
93.2
22.1
67.5
24.8
95.1
1,753.8
88.7
26.1
110.2
10.5
10.5
315.0
790.4
659.7
18.0
26.7
22.1
100.8
23.8
72.4
27.2
102.5
1,665.7
85.0
25.3
106.1
10.2
10.2
296.3
760.6
636.6
17.4
25.5
21.1
96.6
22.9
70.7
25.9
96.8
827.2
21.1
145.7
151.6
59.9
836.6
20.0
148.6
151.8
58.6
834.4
19.9
149.0
151.2
58.4
129.3
3.5
45.4
24.1
17.2
135.7
3.6
47.5
25.0
18.3
131.8
3.6
46.2
23.8
18.0
589.2
16.7
125.5
98.2
73.7
633.8
17.8
134.3
102.9
79.1
615.4
17.2
129.5
102.4
75.2
14.8
1.8
4.5
1.4
15.4
1.9
4.8
1.4
15.1
1.8
4.8
1.5
16.1
2.8
4.2
1.5
15.8
2.7
4.3
1.5
15.5
2.6
4.2
1.4
65.1
9.5
19.7
7.7
67.6
9.9
20.9
8.3
65.0
9.5
20.2
7.9
1,113.5
66.6
44.1
148.5
206.8
106.0
105.3
65.2
52.6
1,106.3
67.0
42.8
148.6
205.4
105.9
106.5
63.0
52.2
1,096.4
66.8
42.7
144.7
203.8
105.3
105.8
62.9
51.4
198.0
12.7
5.7
32.9
40.3
25.4
14.2
13.5
7.4
211.5
13.2
6.0
34.5
42.5
28.4
15.2
14.5
8.2
204.8
12.9
5.8
33.7
41.4
27.0
14.7
14.1
7.9
1,030.9
61.4
36.9
160.3
209.5
151.8
90.9
64.7
45.1
1,114.2
67.1
40.0
173.7
222.1
164.8
99.5
70.4
48.0
1,067.8
64.0
38.6
168.1
212.9
157.4
95.4
67.0
46.4
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
168.2
1.7
3.4
51.4
52.3
159.5
1.5
3.3
49.2
50.8
157.9
1.5
3.3
48.8
50.8
64.6
2.3
1.4
21.1
22.1
63.4
2.2
1.4
20.1
22.8
63.3
2.2
1.4
20.0
22.9
279.1
6.6
8.8
106.2
73.0
283.9
6.3
8.8
101.3
74.2
277.4
6.1
8.7
98.1
73.6
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield.
Portland
Salem
190.8
17.5
91.4
11.1
192.7
18.3
87.9
11.2
189.2
18.1
87.3
10.8
55.8
4.1
32.9
2.5
58.6
4.1
33.2
2.6
56.8
4.0
32.2
2.5
256.3
24.8
137.2
19.9
278.3
26.2
145.7
21.4
267.4
25.6
140.8
20.9
1,058.5
82.4
10.5
11.5
35.8
51.1
11.8
56.4
387.0
100.3
134.6
1,035.7
77.0
10.8
9.7
34.7
51.0
12.6
59.4
381.0
99.4
125.6
1,026.4
76.2
10.2
9.6
34.5
50.7
12.5
59.0
378.0
98.8
124.1
237.3
13.7
4.7
5.0
4.0
17.6
5.0
6.8
94.4
44.6
44.8
244.6
14.4
4.9
5.2
4.0
18.3
5.0
7.2
98.6
45.8
44.9
239.0
14.0
4.9
5.1
3.9
17.9
5.0
7.0
96.7
45.9
43.7
1,064.0
56.3
12.1
10.9
23.0
62.0
15.5
40.1
476.0
145.9
207.3
1,146.4
61.6
12.9
11.3
24.6
67.0
16.4
43.1
513.1
155.2
222.3
1,097.4
59.8
12.4
11.2
23.1
65.5
15.8
41.9
495.4
148.1
214.2
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy .
Binghamton
Buffalo ...
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City...
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Pougnkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point.,
Raleigh-Durham
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carliste.
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.
70
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
State and area
New Mexico....
Albuquerque .
Las Cruces...
Santa Fe
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Government
Services
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
198?
Jan.
1986
Dec.
Jan.
1987P
26.3
13.9
1.6
2.0
27.0
14.5
1.6
2.1
27.0
14.6
1.6
2.1
114.7
59.4
5.6
12.5
118.5
61.7
6.2
13.3
118.6
61.3
6.1
13.1
136.1
44.1
17.2
21.1
142.0
44.7
19.0
21.6
140.3
43.9
18.9
21.6
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy.
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Pougnkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
735.0
20.6
3.8
23.4
1.2
1.8
67.8
545.0
516.4
1.8
3.9
3.8
19.8
3.6
18.5
6.2
24.4
765.0
21.6
3.9
25.1
1.2
1.9
72.9
563.0
532.5
1.8
4.1
4.2
20.9
3.8
19.0
6.4
26.2
764.9
21.7
3.8
24.9
1.2
1.9
72.8
562.1
532.0
1.7
4.0
4.2
20.8
3.7
18.8
6.4
25.8
2,045.4
91.5
20.6
100.7
8.5
9.0
259.4
1,183.3
1,050.1
14.7
19.7
23.4
101.5
22.3
66.4
23.5
106.4
2,176.2
95.0
21.2
108.6
9.0
9.0
275.9
1,247.1
1,107.0
16.2
20.3
25.5
106.9
23.2
70.5
24.9
112.3
2,136.5
95.0
20.9
104.6
9.0
9.2
269.1
1,226.6
1,088.5
15.2
20.2
24.1
105.9
23.0
68.7
24.3
110.5
1,353.5
105.0
20.1
70.3
6.1
8.5
175.2
641.0
561.9
11.6
21.1
24.0
61.5
21.0
48.1
27.3
54.5
1,407.9
109.6
21.5
73.3
6.6
9.2
181.8
664.5
583.0
12.3
21.9
24.1
64.6
21.5
50.8
29.5
56.3
1,384.8
107.9
20.3
71.1
6.4
8.9
177.4
658.2
577.9
11.6
21.3
23.9
62.7
21.0
49.8
28.6
55.5
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham
113.1
2.6
31.2
20.5
20.3
121.8
2.7
33.5
21.8
22.6
121.9
2.6
33.6
21.8
22.8
432.3
15.1
91.9
73.4
82.3
461.7
15.9
97.3
75.8
88.7
455.6
15.6
97.2
75.0
87.8
429.8
11.5
59.3
50.6
86.0
442.4
12.4
61.8
52.7
87.2
437.9
12.3
60.8
52.2
86.9
12.3
1.6
4.2
1.1
12.5
1.6
4.3
1.2
12.4
1.6
4.3
1.2
58.2
10.0
18.1
5.9
59.4
10.3
18.8
6.3
59.1
10.3
18.7
6.2
63.4
7.9
13.7
8.4
65.8
8.4
14.2
9.4
64.6
8.5
14.2
8.7
223.4
9.7
6.3
36.5
49.8
51.2
16.8
10.5
7.7
237.1
10.3
6.5
39.0
53.4
55.1
17.7
11.4
8.2
236.3
10.2
6.6
38.7
53.1
54.8
17.6
11.2
8.2
949.7
53.7
32.2
145.2
214.2
137.0
97.1
63.2
41.1
1,017.4
55.2
33.7
157.5
229.2
149.8
102.9
70.9
43.5
1,006.5
54.7
33.3
154.7
226.1
149.2
102.2
70.1
43.5
678.0
42.1
18.2
84.2
114.6
116.7
73.1
40.6
23.9
698.0
44.0
18.4
87.7
117.8
120.5
73.8
42.8
25.0
42.0
18.3
86.5
116.0
119.6
73.2
41.4
24.6
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
63.0
1.2
1.5
26.7
17.5
62.4
1.0
1.5
25.8
17.3
62.2
1.0
1.5
25.8
17.4
220.1
5.3
5.6
84.6
67.8
224.7
5.2
5.3
86.3
69.3
222.2
5.1
5.3
84.6
69.2
252.6
3.8
11.3
98.7
36.9
256.1
3.7
11.3
99.3
37.2
253.0
3.7
11.2
96.9
36.9
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield.
Portland
Salem
66.9
4.5
42.3
5.1
71.3
4.6
43.6
5.4
70.6
4.6
43.3
5.6
219.2
20.5
122.9
17.0
235.0
22.0
130.0
18.4
233.9
22.1
129.3
18.0
199.8
22.0
75.3
28.2
204.6
22.9
76.4
28.0
203.8
22.3
76.1
28.3
267.0
10.2
1.4
1.7
5.0
15.3
4.6
6.2
146.4
67.2
50.2
282.3
10.4
1.5
1.7
5.1
16.1
4.9
6.6
156.1
70.4
52.1
281.4
10.4
1.5
1.7
4.9
16.0
4.9
6.6
155.9
70.5
52.6
1,171.6
57.8
9.6
10.5
24.2
55.5
18.3
31.9
564.2
236.3
245.3
1,241.4
61.8
10.1
10.7
25.5
59.2
18.9
35.2
603.1
249.8
256.3
1,222.3
60.2
10.0
10.7
25.1
58.7
18.9
34.2
591.3
243.1
254.7
674.5
29.2
6.9
7.6
12.8
64.2
12.4
14.2
295.8
139.9
103.4
687.3
30.1
7.1
7.7
13.6
66.1
12.3
15.7
300.4
139.4
103.9
673.2
29.8
7.0
7.4
13.3
65.1
12.3
14.8
298.6
138.9
102.0
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead.
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield....
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren.
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
See footnotes at end of table.
71
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. E m p l o y e e s o n nonagrlcultural payrolls In States a n d selected a r e a s by major i n d u s t r y — C o n t i n u e d
(In thousands)
Mining
Total
Construction
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
140.6
272.0
38.8
48.0
45.5
160.3
148.3
284.2
40.6
51.5
48.0
166.6
146.0
277.8
39.0
48.8
47.2
164.4
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro .
Providence
427.5
127.0
299.7
452.2
133.3
319.9
1,301.1
174.8
210.7
287.6
Jan.
1986
Dec.
Jan.
Jan.
1987P
5.9
11.0
1.2
1.6
1.8
8.7
5.7
8.9
.8
1.4
1.5
8.0
.1
.1
.1
14.2
3.4
10.6
17.6
3.9
15.1
15.8
3.7
14.0
1.6
84.1
13.6
13.6
20.8
14.0
14.4
23.0
86.7
13.9
14.5
22.6
2.4
.3
6.9
1.7
1.8
8.6
2.2
1.9
7.5
2.1
1.8
7.1
.9
.2
2.1
.1
.9
7.1
.8
.2
2.1
.1
.7
83.2
7.0
5.5
11.1
17.6
26.0
94.5
6.6
5.5
12.0
19.3
29.4
91.5
6.7
4.9
11.6
19.0
28.0
191.4
2.3
1.4
1.0
1.5
1.3
.1
.8
6.3
19.3
.2
3.4
.4
64.8
.1
1.7
3.6
.3
1.2
8.8
6.1
.6
2.6
.2
.1
1.8
1.9
.1
2.0
191.0
2.3
1.3
1.0
1.6
1.3
.1
.8
6.2
19.1
.2
3.4
.4
63.6
.1
1.8
3.5
.3
1.1
9.0
6.1
.6
2.8
.1
.1
1.9
1.9
.1
2.0
426.7
2.7
4.2
25.0
8.6
6.0
3.0
2.4
8.5
88.4
9.7
32.3
4.9
98.2
3.8
1.4
3.3
4.2
4.6
2.0
3.3
2.2
36.7
1.7
2.2
3.2
2.1
4.0
2.2
385.8
2.3
4.0
21.9
7.5
5.6
2.8
2.1
8.0
72.1
9.7
29.4
3.7
86.2
3.7
1.3
3.2
3.3
4.7
1.6
2.5
2.0
32.8
1.7
1.4
2.8
1.8
3.8
2.0
378.9
2.3
3.9
21.7
7.3
5.5
2.8
2.1
8.0
70.1
9.4
29.5
4.5
84.1
3.8
1.3
3.1
3.2
4.7
1.6
2.4
2.0
32.1
1.8
1.4
2.8
1.8
3.8
2.0
I1)
8.5
0)
29.3
2.7
20.5
30.5
2.8
21.8
26.9
2.4
19.5
13.3
1.6
4.1
15.0
1.9
4.1
14.3
1.7
3.9
0.7
.2
.2
438.1
129.5
310.6
.2
.1
.1
1,357.9
183.9
213.3
305.3
1,345.6
182.4
212.4
302.3
1.6
242.5
31.5
61.5
252.3
33.6
62.7
246.2
32.7
61.9
2.4
.2
2.5
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol..
Knoxville
Memphis...,
Nashville
1,870.2
176.3
151.9
233.9
390.0
439.6
1,982.5
181.9
156.4
238.4
412.4
459.9
1,960.7
180.8
155.3
237.8
411.3
450.9
7.5
.9
.1
2.2
.1
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station ..=
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
6,648.3
54.1
79.5
362.1
131.7
58.6
65.4
48.7
131.7
1,336.6
182.0
507.8
70.1
1,451.0
66.7
34.8
67.4
90.6
87.4
49.5
51.0
37.8
489.0
37.8
45.3
61.7
29.2
78.1
51.3
6,538.8
50.3
78.7
364.4
129.6
56.8
65.9
47.9
129.2
1,333.0
185.5
515.2
70.1
1,389.3
68.3
35.0
65.5
92.7
88.1
44.5
44.1
37.3
497.3
38.2
45.7
61.3
28.4
79.1
50.3
6,471.8
49.7
77.8
361.2
126.5
55.4
65.6
46.1
128.7
1,319.7
183.3
509.9
69.2
1,370.1
67.7
35.1
65.1
89.9
89.0
44.3
43.3
36.7
493.1
38.1
45.2
60.8
28.1
77.6
49.9
248.0
3.7
1.7
1.1
2.4
2.0
.1
1.0
7.5
23.6
.2
4.2
.7
83.3
.1
2.0
4.6
.5
1.5
11.5
8.9
.9
3.2
.2
.1
2.5
2.6
.1
2.9
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden .
622.6
71.6
432.9
644.0
75.1
450.0
631.1
73.5
440.5
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier.
Burlington
227.8
30.2
68.9
241.5
32.3
73.0
238.2
31.6
71.4
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg.,
South Dakota .
Rapid City
Sioux Falls....
See footnotes at end of table.
72
Jan.
1987P
5.1
8.3
.7
1.4
1.3
7.3
0.8
.2
.2
0.8
.2
.2
Dec.
1986
2.6
.3
.1
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade
Transportation and
public utilities
Manufacturing
State and area
Jan.
1986
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Jan.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Dec.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
48.8
72.0
9.5
7.7
14.4
57.8
48.7
72.8
9.0
7.0
15.2
57.4
48.1
721
8.7
7.0
15.2
57.2
6.2
14.4
2.0
1.2
1.9
6.9
6.7
15.1
1.9
1.3
1.9
7.0
6.5
14.8
1.8
1.3
1.8
6.8
30.2
60.9
10.0
8.7
10.2
37.8
32.9
64.4
11.0
9.8
11.0
40.4
32.5
62.2
10.7
9.3
10.7
39.4
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro
Providence
117.9
54.8
74.6
120.7
56.2
75.1
118.5
55.2
74.0
14.0
3.4
10.9
14.8
3.5
11.6
14.6
3.5
11.4
94.7
29.7
65.0
102.8
32.1
71.0
97.1
30.3
67.6
South Carolina
Charleston
. .
Columbia
Greenville—Spartsnburg
363.4
19.6
111
96.5
364.1
20.3
28.0
98.8
364.1
20.3
28.2
98.4
55.8
9.0
9.9
10.0
56.9
93
10.0
10.8
56.0
9.2
10.0
10.9
276.0
42 5
46.7
65.0
301.7
45.9
46.7
70.6
294.4
45.2
46.3
69.2
27.3
2.8
8.5
28.9
3.1
8.5
28.7
3.1
8.4
12.7
1.9
4.7
12.8
1.9
4.7
12.5
1.8
4.7
62.5
9.0
16.5
66.1
9.9
16.7
63.7
9.5
16.1
485.6
43.7
52.6
51.1
49.9
88.9
496.6
43.7
52.0
50.4
51.4
89.9
492.2
43.9
51.9
50.9
51.3
88.8
93.4
8.5
6.2
8.9
33.8
21.6
98.0
8.7
6.2
9.0
36.7
21.9
96.9
8.7
6.1
8.9
36.7
21.8
435.1
40.0
33.5
57.6
1081
107.5
470.4
42.7
36.1
57.7
114.7
111.5
461.5
41.4
35.1
57.1
110.2
110.9
976.9
5.2
9.5
41.0
26.0
16.3
9.5
3.4
12.6
2284
36.2
1146
9.5
164 9
8.6
20
15.8
77
12.1
38
4.8
5.6
49.6
11.7
7.2
11.4
2.9
16.2
80
944.8
4.9
9.8
39.8
24.8
15.2
9.9
2.8
11.8
224.1
35.2
114.9
9.2
147 9
8.4
18
14.8
73
12.3
31
3.6
5.9
47 0
11.1
7.2
11.1
3.1
15.2
8.1
941.0
4.8
9.8
39.6
24.0
15.0
9.7
2.9
11.8
223.8
34.3
112 5
9.0
1469
8.6
18
14.9
72
13.0
31
3.7
5.8
46 6
11.1
7.1
11.0
2.8
14.8
8.1
375.7
2.6
6.3
11.2
10.1
2.5
3.3
1.6
7.6
85.6
9.9
26.2
4.7
97.6
2.8
3.9
3.4
4.8
2.8
2.5
2.3
3.4
19.2
2.0
1.9
3.0
1.6
3.4
2.7
374.6
2.5
6.0
11.4
9.5
2.2
3.2
1.6
7.1
86.7
10.2
27.3
4.8
92.5
2.8
4.0
3.1
4.7
2.8
2.2
2.2
3.2
180
2.1
1.8
2.7
1.6
3.5
2.6
374.2
2.5
5.9
11.4
9.5
2.2
3.1
1.6
7.1
86.3
10.1
27.4
4.4
92.0
2.7
4.0
3.1
4.5
2.8
2.2
2.0
3.2
18.0
2.1
1.8
2.7
1.5
3.5
2.6
1,690.8
14.9
23.8
81.1
31.8
11.2
17.8
10.8
33.8
358.4
44.7
136.1
13.3
370.3
15.9
10.3
17.3
27.4
26.2
113
14.6
9.6
126.1
8.2
10.9
16.6
8.2
18.5
12.5
1,699.5
14.2
23.7
83.3
32.9
11.3
17.8
11.0
34.6
363.6
46.5
139.0
13.8
365.3
16.7
10.4
17.5
28.9
25.8
11.0
13.5
9.6
132.9
8.9
11.5
16.6
8.1
19.4
12.5
1,659.8
13.8
23.1
81.3
31.4
10.7
17.8
10.7
34.3
356.6
45.4
136.1
13.2
352.1
16.2
10.2
17.3
27.7
25.9
10.6
13.0
9.2
130.2
8.9
11.3
16.5
8.2
18.9
12.3
92.2
11.2
62.1
90.6
10.1
61.6
89.2
9.8
60.8
37.5
2.4
29.1
37.9
2.6
29.3
37.5
2.6
29.0
147.8
15.0
108.4
159.5
16.7
117.3
152.9
15.9
112.7
48.9
4.1
16.9
50.7
4.5
16.7
49.3
4.2
16.8
9.4
.8
2.9
9.8
.9
3.0
9.8
.8
3.0
50.8
6.4
15.6
54.6
7.0
16.8
53.7
6.9
16.2
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
....
.
.
Tennessee
Chattanooea
Johnson City—Kingsport—Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
. .
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville—Hdrlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
. .
El Paso
Ft Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Kiileen—Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
LubBock
McAllen—Edinburg—Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlinston
.. .
See footnotes at end of table.
73
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
State and area
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Services
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Government
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Pennsylvania-Continued
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre.,
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
6.9
11.3
1.3
1.5
2.1
4.6
7.5
12.2
1.4
1.6
2.2
4.8
7.4
12.1
1.3
1.6
2.2
4.9
27.5
63.8
9.9
8.4
9.2
27.9
29.4
66.4
10.6
9.1
9.4
29.9
28.9
66.1
10.4
8.8
9.3
29.8
15.9
40.5
5.2
18.9
6.4
17.6
17.2
41.5
5.3
20.9
6.5
18.0
16.9
40.9
5.1
19.2
6.5
17.9
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro.
Providence
24.2
3.3
20.1
25.1
3.5
21.6
25.1
3.5
21.6
104.1
22.5
75.2
112.0
24.0
81.3
108.2
23.3
78.1
58.3
9.8
43.2
59.0
10.0
44.1
58.7
9.9
43.8
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg.
58.4
7.7
17.1
11.4
61.6
8.7
17.3
11.5
62.0
8.6
17.0
11.5
211.1
34.5
38.0
45.3
223.0
36.3
39.1
49.1
222.2
36.2
39.3
48.6
250.7
47.8
57.4
38.3
261.0
49.3
57.5
41.2
258.6
48.9
56.8
40.8
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
14.0
1.6
6.0
14.1
1.6
5.8
14.2
1.6
5.8
58.5
7.8
16.7
59.6
8.0
17.6
58.9
7.8
17.7
58.2
6.5
7.3
59.7
6.6
7.4
58.3
6.6
7.4
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol.
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
91.0
10.6
4.8
8.8
22.0
30.1
94.6
11.6
4.9
8.4
23.3
30.7
93.4
11.7
4.8
8.3
23.2
30.3
363.7
34.2
26.0
46.6
89.7
100.5
397.4
35.1
26.5
48.0
97.3
108.8
393.2
34.6
26.3
47.9
97.2
104.0
310.6
31.4
23.2
47.7
68.8
64.3
323.9
32.6
25.0
50.8
69.6
66.8
324.9
33.0
26.0
51.0
73.6
66.4
446.2
2.6
4.4
25.0
5.6
2.2
3.5
1.9
6.9
131.1
9.5
28.2
4.5
106.3
3.0
1.6
3.2
5.2
3.9
3.1
1.8
1.8
37.9
1.4
1.9
3.8
1.7
4.7
2.4
444.9
2.6
4.3
25.7
5.6
2.0
3.3
1.7
6.9
133.1
9.6
28.6
4.6
101.5
3.0
1.6
3.4
5.4
3.9
2.9
1.6
1.8
38.9
1.4
1.9
3.8
1.5
4.8
2.4
443.4
2.6
4.3
25.6
5.5
2.0
3.3
1.7
6.9
132.2
9.8
28.5
4.6
100.8
3.0
1.6
3.3
5.3
3.9
2.9
1.6
1.8
38.6
1.4
1.9
3.6
1.5
4.8
2.4
1,360.5
13.9
15.8
81.8
27.3
7.9
12.9
7.7
27.4
281.7
33.6
103.6
12.2
341.2
13.0
5.6
11.5
19.6
13.7
9.2
7.8
7.6
110.4
7.5
8.8
12.6
5.8
19.1
10.9
1,359.8
13.1
16.1
83.4
27.5
7.7
13.4
7.7
27.3
284.9
35.3
109.5
12.8
342.0
13.8
6.0
11.5
20.9
13.7
8.6
7.2
7.5
115.8
7.6
9.1
13.6
5.9
19.7
11.1
1,349.9
13.1
16.0
83.2
27.2
7.7
13.4
7.6
27.3
283.0
35.3
109.3
12.7
341.2
13.8
6.0
11.4
20.6
13.9
8.6
7.1
7.5
115.3
7.6
9.0
13.4
6.0
19.4
11.1
1,123.5
8.5
13.8
95.9
19.9
10.5
15.3
19.9
27.4
139.4
38.2
62.6
20.3
189.2
19.5
8.0
8.3
21.2
22.6
6.1
7.5
6.7
105.9
5.1
12.3
8.6
4.3
12.1
9.7
1,138.0
8.4
13.4
97.9
20.3
11.5
15.4
20.2
111
149.2
38.8
63.1
20.8
189.1
19.8
8.2
8.4
21.9
23.7
6.3
7.4
6.7
109.3
5.2
12.7
8.9
4.5
12.6
9.6
1,133.6
8.3
13.5
97.4
20.0
11.0
15.4
18.7
27.1
148.6
38.8
63.2
20.4
189.4
19.5
8.4
8.5
21.1
23.7
6.3
7.4
6.6
109.5
5.1
12.6
8.9
4.4
12.3
9.4
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden ,
31.8
2.1
26.2
33.2
2.3
27.3
33.1
2.3
27.1
134.3
24.8
91.6
140.5
26.8
95.5
140.2
26.8
94.4
140.8
13.4
93.0
143.4
13.8
94.8
142.9
13.7
94.4
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier.
Burlington
10.3
2.7
3.1
11.3
2.9
3.3
11.4
3.0
3.3
57.2
6.5
15.8
58.9
6.9
17.6
60.8
7.0
17.6
37.5
7.9
10.5
40.7
8.0
11.5
38.6
7.9
10.6
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission .
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
See footnotes at end of table.
74
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls In States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Total
State and area
Construction
Mining
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News..
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
2,469.9
29.4
60.2
38.5
69.5
513.2
631.0
405.2
114.9
2,626.5
30.6
63.7
39.6
72.1
539.0
676.4
425.3
120.1
2,575.4
30.0
62.5
39.0
70.4
527.0
662.6
421.9
118.4
16.6
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
.3
.1
16.0
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.5
.3
.2
16.0
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.4
.3
.2
150.2
.8
3.1
1.3
2.7
34.6
43.4
23.0
6.0
171.0
.9
3.5
1.3
3.2
36.9
47.3
25.3
6.8
163.3
.7
3.5
1.1
3.0
35.4
44.8
24.7
6.3
Washington.
Seattle
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
1,710.9
860.5
1,791.6
908.0
1,767.1
896.1
2.6
.5
2.8
.6
2.8
.6
74.1
40.9
83.5
44.9
80.1
42.6
583.8
105.1
98.6
56.6
54.8
599.6
108.1
102.4
58.9
56.8
587.3
106.3
99.8
57.8
55.9
42.9
2.6
1.0
1.0
2.5
37.7
2.1
1.0
.8
2.3
36.8
2.1
1.1
.7
2.4
18.3
3.5
3.3
2.2
1.4
23.2
4.6
3.6
2.8
1.6
20.7
4.1
3.2
2.5
1.4
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah.
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse..,
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
1,952.7
135.5
49.8
88.1
52.5
35.3
48.0
185.8
660.3
67.2
43.2
42.8
2,042.8
140.4
55.9
91.9
53.2
38.3
49.1
194.1
689.9
69.4
45.2
45.4
1,992.8
136.9
53.6
89.1
52.2
37.7
48.0
189.6
678.3
68.0
44.5
44.3
1.3
1.5
54.6
5.1
1.3
3.3
1.1
1.0
1.1
5.7
17.8
1.5
1.3
1.3
63.3
5.1
1.5
2.8
1.3
1.1
.9
5.6
20.6
2.5
1.3
1.3
57.4
5.1
1.3
2.4
1.3
1.0
1.0
5.1
19.2
2.2
1.2
1.2
Wyoming
199.3
191.2
185.9
17.2
17.3
12.4
11.1
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
695.0
42.9
50.8
44.9
430.2
734.4
44.0
52.4
46.8
453.9
723.2
43.3
51.8
45.8
446.1
23.1
31.7
Virgin Islands
37.2
37.9
37.9
See footnotes at end of table.
0
1.8
0
0
0
PI
I
(J)
0
23.0
18.1
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
0
2.2
17.6
3.2
24.3
2.1
2.6
31.4
o
0
3.2
24.1
2.4
75
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Transportation and
public utilities
Manufacturing
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Wholesale and retail trade
Jan.
1987P
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Dec.
1986
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
421.2
9.5
8.6
16.5
24.4
68.1
33.4
62.8
20.7
425.3
9.4
8.7
16.7
24.3
67.6
35.1
63.2
20.6
423.8
9.5
8.7
16.7
24.3
66.6
34.3
63.2
20.6
133.4
1.1
2.1
.9
2.8
25.5
43.7
21.7
9.0
141.6
1.2
2.1
1.0
2.9
25.8
47.5
22.1
9.0
140.1
1.2
2.1
1.0
2.8
25.4
47.5
22.1
8.9
555.5
7.7
11.6
7.9
13.2
124.6
147.9
98.3
30.6
616.1
8.4
12.2
8.4
13.8
136.7
162.1
104.7
33.0
586.5
8.1
11.7
8.0
13.2
131.2
155.0
102.3
32.0
Washington
Seattle
297.4
167.2
302.1
174.7
300.0
175.1
94.4
56.3
95.6
57.9
94.7
57.6
418.4
213.4
447.3
229.1
435.9
223.7
86.4
12.8
19.4
14.3
7.5
86.8
12.5
19.7
14.0
6.3
86.3
12.2
19.4
13.9
6.3
36.8
8.4
7.4
2.0
3.0
36.4
8.2
7.4
2.0
3.0
35.8
8.1
7.2
2.0
3.0
131.9
27.3
25.1
13.8
14.4
140.7
28.5
26.9
14.5
16.0
135.5
27.8
25.4
14.2
15.5
502.4
48.0
9.5
23.7
17.7
9.7
10.3
20.4
169.2
25.2
18.3
11.3
509.7
48.1
10.3
23.9
16.7
11.3
10.1
21.4
167.9
24.3
18.8
12.2
504.4
47.7
9.9
23.5
16.4
11.3
9.9
21.4
166.7
24.1
18.8
12.0
91.6
5.2
2.8
6.3
2.0
1.3
2.4
6.3
34.8
2.3
1.4
2.6
93.9
5.4
2.9
6.5
1.9
1.4
2.3
6.6
36.0
2.4
1.5
2.6
90.8
5.1
2.9
6.5
1.8
1.4
2.2
6.5
34.6
2.2
1.4
2.7
458.3
28.5
14.1
23.1
12.8
7.9
13.1
40.3
148.5
15.2
8.2
10.6
494.4
31.1
16.7
24.4
13.6
8.6
14.0
45.4
161.8
16.7
8.7
11.7
473.1
29.3
16.0
23.4
13.2
8.2
13.8
41.9
157.7
16.1
8.5
11.2
7.8
8.2
8.0
14.5
14.1
13.9
44.5
44.8
43.9
146.8
14.5
19.9
9.5
63.8
150.2
14.9
20.4
9.0
65.2
148.1
14.9
20.1
8.5
64.2
15.7
( 11.9
124.5
8.3
6.9
7.4
85.8
135.9
8.7
7.6
8.2
93.3
128.2
8.2
7.2
7.6
87.4
1.8
1.8
1.7
2.5
8.6
8.7
8.7
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan
Virgin islands
See footnotes at end of table.
76
15.1
]
)
1
l
15.9
)
11.9
I11)
I1)12.0
2.4
2.5
e1l
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls in States and selected areas by major Industry—Continued
(In thousands)
State and area
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Jan.
Dec.
1986
Services
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
Dec.
1986
Government
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
Dec.
Jan.
1987P
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News....
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
124.6
.9
2.8
1.1
3.2
22.8
37.5
32.4
7.4
133.6
.9
3.1
1.2
3.3
24.4
41.4
33.4
8.1
133.3
.9
3.0
1.1
3.3
24.1
41.3
33.7
8.0
546.6
4.2
10.0
5.7
13.4
111.7
188.4
79.0
25.6
590.7
4.5
10.9
5.7
14.4
121.3
202.4
85.3
26.9
585.2
4.4
10.8
5.7
14.2
118.7
201.0
84.7
26.7
521.8
5.1
22.0
5.1
9.6
125.7
136.2
87.5
15.5
532.2
5.3
23.0
5.3
10.0
126.2
140.2
90.8
15.5
527.2
5.3
22.6
5.3
9.6
125.4
138.3
90.9
15.7
Washington
Seattle
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland....
Parkersburg-Marietta.
Wheeling
102.1
64.2
106.0
66.7
106.1
66.3
375.8
192.0
399.9
203.1
395.6
201.6
346.1
126.0
354.4
131.0
351.9
128.6
23.2
5.9
4.0
2.1
2.6
24.1
6.0
4.3
2.1
2.6
24.1
6.0
4.3
2.1
2.6
118.4
23.7
19.1
11.9
14.4
121.6
24.9
20.1
13.0
15.6
121.5
24.7
20.0
12.9
15.6
125.9
20.9
19.3
9.3
9.0
129.1
21.3
19.4
9.7
9.4
126.6
21.3
19.2
9.5
9.1
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah...
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
104.5
6.8
1.8
3.1
1.6
1.0
1.4
16.1
45.0
2.1
2.0
3.3
109.7
7.1
1.8
3.2
1.6
1.1
1.5
17.1
47.4
2.2
2.1
3.4
109.4
7.1
1.8
3.2
1.7
1.1
1.4
17.1
47.0
2.1
2.0
3.4
417.8
25.1
10.7
18.0
10.5
8.2
12.3
39.0
164.4
13.0
6.8
7.7
438.0
26.6
11.9
20.0
11.1
8.5
13.1
39.8
173.4
13.1
7.2
7.9
431.8
26.2
12.0
19.3
10.9
8.4
12.9
40.1
171.5
12.8
7.1
322.2
16.7
9.8
10.5
6.8
6.1
7.3
57.9
80.5
8.0
5.2
6.0
331.9
17.1
10.8
11.0
7.0
6.4
7.3
57.9
82.1
8.3
5.6
6.1
324.4
16.4
9.7
10.7
6.9
6.3
6.8
57.3
81.3
8.3
5.5
5.9
31.3
31.9
52.9
53.6
52.4
95.1
101.9
264.6
14.9
16.2
15.3
157.0
263.8
14.9
16.2
15.3
156.6
12.7
12.5
Wyoming
Puerto Rico.
Caguas
Mayaguez..
Ponce
San Juan ...
Virgin Islands.
Not available.
Combined with construction.
= preliminary.
31.9
"as
1.6
33.4
fi
1.6
33.7
L
1.6
7.8
70.4
7.8
7.8
31.4
74.4
8.1
74.0
257.7
14.7
16.2
15.1
154.4
8.0
8.5
12.9
I 8.1 I
101.4
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication. All State and
area data have been adjusted to March 1986 benchmarks.
77
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month
Weekly
hours
Construction
Mining
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80
37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9
$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79
$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54
3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49
164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07
37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0
5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27
195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99
9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.45
397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
526.64
37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.5
9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.31
12.42
367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.09
465.75
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04
$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61
41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0
$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16
119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91
42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.75
235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.50
43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.3
Weekly
earnings
Annual averages
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1986:
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November.
December.
1987:
January"....
February" ..
34.4
34.7
34.6
34.7
34.9
35.0
35.1
34.8
34.7
34.7
34.9
$8.74
8.73
8.72
8.72
8.71
8.69
8.70
8.81
8.81
8.85
8.83
$300.66
302.93
301.71
302.58
303.98
304.15
305.37
306.59
305.71
307.10
308.17
42.4
42.3
42.0
41.8
42.0
41.6
42.3
42.3
42.2
41.6
42.6
$12.32
12.35
12.43
12.44
12.50
12.46
12.51
12.52
12.51
12.57
12.60
$522.37
522.41
522.06
519.99
525.00
518.34
529.17
529.60
527.92
522.91
536.76
35.2
36.4
37.6
37.9
37.8
38.3
38.4
38.5
38.0
36.5
36.9
$12.35
12.22
12.29
12.33
12.31
12.31
12.39
12.54
12.62
12.59
12.70
$434.72
444.81
462.10
467.31
465.32
471.47
475.78
482.79
479.56
459.54
468.63
34.4
34.6
8.87
8.89
305.13
307.59
42.4
42.5
12.62
12.51
535.09
531.68
37.3
36.8
12.53
12.48
467.37
459.26
See footnotes at end of table.
79
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural
payrolls by major Industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities
Manufacturing
Year and
month
Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63
$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74
40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2
$2.52
2.61
2.73
2.88
3.05
3.23
$102.56
106.49
111.11
116.06
122.31
129.85
40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9
3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16
155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58
39.9
39.5
39.4
39.3
38.8
38.7
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8
3.44
3.65
3.85
4.08
4.39
4.73
5.03
5.39
5.88
6.39
137.26
144.18
151.69
160.34
170.33
183.05
194.66
209.13
228.14
247.93
39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.63
351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
455.90
38.5
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.4
6.96
7.56
8.09
8.55
8.89
9.16
9.35
267.96
291.06
309.85
329.18
342.27
351.74
359.04
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6
$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19
$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05
$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51
41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2
3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70
3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43
133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7
7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.53
9.73
7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.33
288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
385.97
396.01
Weekly
earnings
Wholesale trade
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Annual averages
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1986:
February ....
March
April
May
June
July
August
September.
October
November..
December..
1987:
Januan/
February"...
40.3
40.7
40.5
40.6
40.8
40.2
40.7
41.0
40.8
41.0
41.6
$9.70
9.72
9.70
9.71
9.70
9.74
9.68
9.73
9.72
9.77
9.84
$9.33
9.33
9.33
9.34
9.32
9.35
9.27
9.31
9.31
9.36
9.41
$390.91
395.60
392.85
394.23
395.76
391.55
393.98
398.93
396.58
400.57
409.34
39.2
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.4
39.4
39.1
39.1
39.3
39.2
$11.64
11.62
11.55
11.54
11.57
11.61
11.61
11.70
11.68
11.75
11.71
$456.29
457.83
450.45
450.06
455.86
457.43
457.43
457.47
456.69
461.78
459.03
38.0
38.3
38.3
38.4
38.5
38.5
38.5
38.3
38.4
38.4
38.4
$9.36
9.33
9.29
9.29
9.32
9.30
9.32
9.37
9.35
9.46
9.47
$355.68
357.34
355.81
356.74
358.82
358.05
358.82
358.87
359.04
363.26
363.65
40.8
40.7
9.83
9.85
9.44
9.45
401.06
400.90
38.7
39.2
11.67
11.76
451.63
460.99
38.1
38.1
9.48
9.50
361.19
361.95
See footnotes at end of table.
80
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
C-1. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by major Industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Retail trade
Year and
month
Weekly
hours
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
101.75
108.70
36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7
$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61
$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57
3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27
112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77
34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7
2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36
96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27
5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.34
209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.41
32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.89
8.16
190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.43
265.20
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66
37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1
$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
82.47
87.62
91.85
138.62
36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2
147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
175.78
36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.5
Hourly
earnings
Services
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Annual averages
96.32
102.68
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
1986:
February ...
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November.
December.
1987:
January"....
February".,
28.6
28.9
28.9
29.1
29.5
29.9
29.9
29.2
29.0
29.1
29.5
$6.04
6.03
6.01
6.00
5.99
5.97
5.97
6.05
6.04
6.07
6.05
$172.74
174.27
173.69
174.60
176.71
178.50
178.50
176.66
175.16
176.64
178.48
36.8
36.7
36.4
36.3
36.6
36.5
36.6
36.4
36.6
36.7
36.6
$8.28
8.30
8.29
8.31
8.37
8.30
8.33
8.37
8.38
8.54
8.46
$304.70
304.61
301.76
301.65
306.34
302.95
304.88
304.67
306.71
313.42
309.64
32.4
32.4
32.4
32.4
32.6
32.8
32.8
32.3
32.4
32.4
32.4
$8.17
8.18
8.12
8.10
8.10
8.04
8.05
8.19
8.22
8.31
8.31
$264.71
265.03
263.09
262.44
264.06
263.71
264.04
264.54
266.33
269.24
269.24
28.3
28.7
6.07
6.06
171.78
173.92
36.5
36.7
8.58
8.73
313.17
320.39
32.2
32.3
8.36
8.40
269.19
271.32
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;
wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and services.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently
projected from March 1985 benchmark levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted data
from April 1985 forward are subject to revision.
81
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
Industry
Industry
1972
SIC
Code
Total private .
Mining .
Avg.
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
34.8
34.7
34.9
34.4
34.6
42.3
44.4
42.6
42.4
42.5
Metal mining ...
Iron ores
Copper ores .
10
01
102
41.1
40.8
41.4
40.7
40.9
40.0
41.2
39.8
41.8
42.0
43.1
42.9
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining .
11,12
12
40.9
40.9
42.6
42.6
42.4
42.5
42.3
42.4
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids
Oil and gas field services
13
131,2
138
42.7
42.8
42.6
45.7
45.9
45.5
42.5
42.1
42.8
42.3
42.6
42.1
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels .
Crushed and broken stone
14
142
44.5
45.8
43.0
44.4
43.8
44.0
43.2
44.3
37.5
37.2
36.9
37.3
Construction .
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987"
36.8
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction .
15
152
153
154
37.1
36.5
38.7
37.6
36.8
36.1
39.1
37.4
36.9
36.5
36.9
37.3
37.1
36.4
37.8
37.8
Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway .
16
161
162
40.9
41.1
40.7
40.2
39.4
40.4
38.4
36.6
39.3
40.3
39.2
40.8
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning ...
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
36.6
38.1
34.9
38.9
34.8
34.6
33.0
36.6
38.1
34.3
39.1
34.6
34.5
33.7
36.5
38.5
34.5
39.5
34.5
35.5
31.5
36.6
38.1
34.7
39.0
34.9
34.8
32.0
40.7
40.7
41.6
40.8
40.7
3.4
3.3
3.8
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.6
Manufacturing
Durable goods .
41.3
41.4
42.2
41.4
41.4
3.5
4.0
Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members .
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
40.3
39.3
41.3
41.5
40.9
40.6
40.6
39.7
40.5
42.1
38.4
38.4
38.5
40.0
39.7
39.1
40.9
41.1
40.3
40.0
40.0
38.3
40.5
42.5
37.9
36.7
37.3
39.7
40.5
38.8
41.5
41.5
42.1
40.9
40.3
41.5
40.8
42.5
38.9
38.6
38.4
40.5
40.0
38.7
41.5
41.7
41.4
40.0
39.5
39.8
41.2
41.7
37.6
37.5
37.0
39.9
40.3
3.5
3.7
4.2
4.5
3.3
3.4
2.9
3.0
3.5
4.9
2.4
2.3
2.1
3.1
2.9
2.6
3.6
3.8
2.8
2.8
2.4
2.0
3.3
4.4
2.0
1.7
1.6
2.9
3.7
3.6
4.4
4.5
4.4
3.7
2.6
4.2
3.6
5.2
2.4
2.1
1.8
3.4
3.3
3.7
4.3
4.4
4.0
3.0
1.7
3.0
3.8
4.7
2.0
1.6
1.2
3.1
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture ....
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture .
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures .
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259
39.6
39.1
39.5
38.3
39.7
38.6
40.5
39.9
41.1
40.3
39.4
38.9
39.4
38.0
40.0
38.9
40.8
39.4
40.1
40.7
40.9
40.8
40.7
41.5
41.1
38.6
41.0
40.7
41.1
41.9
39.4
39.4
39.6
39.4
40.4
38.2
39.2
39.7
40.4
37.7
39.2
2.6
2.4
2.6
1.9
2.9
2.3
2.9
2.9
3.3
2.6
2.4
2.2
2.5
1.6
2.9
2.2
2.9
2.3
2.6
2.4
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.8
3.4
2.4
3.3
3.6
3.0
3.8
2.6
2.6
2.8
2.5
3.0
2.5
2.7
2.8
2.7
2.1
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
32
321
322
42.3
44.8
41.6
41.6
44.1
41.6
42.0
46.1
42.0
41.8
45.9
42.7
42.0
4.9
6.2
4.7
4.5
5.8
4.4
4.6
6.5
4.9
4.3
7.3
4.2
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown .
See footnotes at end of table.
82
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1972
SIC
Code
Total private
Mining
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987"
Avg.
1986
Feb.
1987P
$8.83
$8.87
$8.89 $304.50 $302.58 $308.17 $305.13 $307.59
12.45
12.24
12.60
12.62
12.51 526.64
536.76
535.09
545.38
542.33
529.60
523.24
557.60
472.34
540.12
612.45
489.49
627.59
630.04
655.61
657.74
666.53
670.23
664.96
668.65
11.62
14.06
10.00
494.47
588.07
436.65
518.24
633.88
461.83
493.00
583.93
433.99
491.53
598.96
421.00
10.64
9.86
10.53
9.66
465.03
450.21
442.90
419.14
466.03
433.84
454.90
427.94
12.34
12.70
12.53
12.48 465.75
459.05
468.63
467.37
11.37
10.74
9.63
12.10
11.29
10.72
9.35
11.96
11.64
10.97
10.02
12.41
11.48
10.86
10.11
12.17
421.83
392.01
372.68
454.96
415.47
386.99
365.59
447.30
429.52
400.41
369.74
462.89
425.91
395.30
382.16
460.03
16
161
162
11.93
11.69
12.08
11.77
10.71
12.18
12.11
11.82
12.26
11.73
11.26
11.94
487.94
480.46
491.66
473.15
421.97
492.07
465.02
432.61
481.82
472.72
441.39
487.15
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
13.03
13.22
12.11
14.43
13.15
12.35
11.53
12.99
13.14
12.07
14.32
13.02
11.92
11.40
13.31
13.42
12.35
14.77
13.26
12.40
11.88
13.18
13.34
12.21
14.51
13.24
12.25
11.45
476.90
503.68
422.64
561.33
457.62
427.31
380.49
475.43
500.63
414.00
559.91
450.49
411.24
384.18
485.82
516.67
426.08
583.42
457.47
440.20
374.22
482.39
508.25
423.69
565.89
462.08
426.30
366.40
9.73
9.70
9.84
9.83
9.85 396.01
394.79
409.34
401.06
400.90
10.29
10.27
10.40
10.38
10.41 424.98
425.18
438.88
429.73
430.97
332.40
417.96
351.92
369.88
272.83
328.80
329.04
304.07
279.34
401.99
223.72
292.88
288.60
288.08
337.31
13.24
13.99
12.29
13.40
13.26
13.24
12.70
14.01
11.30
12.86
14.21
11.41
544.16
570.79
508.81
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining
11,12
12
15.42
15.47
15.39
15.44
15.72
15.77
15.72
15.77
Oil and gas extraction
13
Crude petroleum, natural gas, and natural gas liquids . 131,2
Oil and gas field services
138
11.58
13.74
10.25
11.34
13.81
10.15
11.60
13.87
10.14
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
10.45
9.83
10.30
9.44
12.42
15
152
153
154
14
142
Construction
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting, paper hanging, and decorating
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentering and flooring
Roofing and sheet metal work
Jan.
1987P
$8.72
10
101
102
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction contractors
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Dec.
1986
$8.75
Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores
Crushed and broken stone
Jan.
1986
Manufacturing
Durable goods
543.46
531.68
459.26
Lumber and wood products
Logging camps and logging contractors
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
8.37
11.11
8.59
9.00
6.49
8.23
8.44
7.54
6.80
9.69
5.96
7.63
7.66
7.19
8.30
10.85
8.61
9.03
6.46
8.20
8.43
7.34
6.69
9.79
5.88
7.41
7.43
7.12
8.36
10.93
8.56
8.97
6.59
8.26
8.38
7.72
6.86
9.58
6.02
7.73
7.75
7.23
8.31
10.80
8.48
8.87
6.59
8.22
8.33
7.64
6.78
9.64
5.95
7.81
7.80
7.22
8.37 337.31
436.62
354.77
373.50
265.44
334.14
342.66
299.34
275.40
407.95
228.86
292.99
294.91
287.60
329.51
424.24
352.15
371.13
260.34
328.00
337.20
281.12
270.95
416.08
222.85
271.95
277.14
282.66
338.58
424.08
355.24
372.26
277.44
337.83
337.71
320.38
279.89
407.15
234.18
298.38
297.60
292.82
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259
7.44
6.85
6.36
7.46
7.01
7.25
8.28
7.94
8.94
7.82
7.36
6.74
6.26
7.31
6.90
7.15
8.38
7.87
8.86
7.75
7.60
7.03
6.46
7.74
7.09
7.51
8.40
8.11
9.19
8.08
7.55
7.01
6.48
7.69
7.12
7.45
8.31
8.00
9.07
8.09
7.52 294.62
267.84
251.22
285.72
278.30
279.85
335.34
316.81
367.43
315.15
289.98
262.19
246.64
277.78
276.00
278.14
341.90
310.08
355.29
315.43
310.84
286.82
262.92
321.21
291.40
289.89
344.40
330.08
377.71
338.55
297.47
276.19
256.61
302.99
287.65
284.59
325.75
317.60
366.43
304.99
294.78
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
32
321
322
10.05
14.17
11.02
9.96
13.99
10.89
10.17
14.42
11.16
10.17
14.49
11.25
10.17 425.12
634.82
458.43
414.34
616.96
453.02
427.14
664.76
468.72
425.11
665.09
480.38
427.14
See footnotes at end of table.
83
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1972
SIC
Code
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
Jan.
1987P
Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products ....
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
41.9
41.3
41.9
41.4
41.6
40.0
43.5
44.8
43.8
42.2
41.5
40.4
43.5
41.8
41.4
42.6
41.5
41.1
40.1
41.7
42.9
42.5
39.4
41.7
39.9
43.2
42.2
41.7
42.4
42.8
41.9
40.8
41.9
43.6
43.5
39.4
42.3
41.6
45.8
44.1
41.0
41.4
42.7
41.5
40.2
41.6
42.9
43.1
39.4
41.6
41.9
43.9
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ...
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating .
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361
41.9
41.6
41.6
42.1
41.4
41.5
40.3
40.8
42.2
42.5
42.8
42.4
43.7
42.4
41.6
42.2
41.8
41.3
41.0
43.6
41.3
41.5
40.2
40.4
41.6
42.0
42.9
42.1
43.3
42.8
42.0
42.5
43.0
42.7
42.7
43.4
42.7
42.6
42.1
41.6
43.8
44.6
43.8
42.8
45.1
43.8
42.4
43.2
42.6
42.2
42.2
43.6
42.6
42.3
42.4
41.9
43.2
43.6
43.5
43.7
43.9
43.9
41.8
42.4
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades ..
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings
Misc. fabricated wire products
34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
41.3
43.6
43.8
40.8
40.6
40.9
40.1
40.7
39.0
40.8
41.8
40.1
41.3
40.1
39.7
42.5
41.0
43.9
42.6
41.6
44.1
41.0
40.7
40.3
41.6
40.9
40.1
40.5
40.0
40.5
41.4
43.2
43.6
41.4
40.8
41.6
40.8
41.2
40.3
40.6
42.3
39.6
41.0
40.0
40.1
42.7
41.6
43.8
42.9
42.5
44.7
40.9
40.5
40.2
41.1
41.5
40.9
40.6
40.5
40.4
42.1
43.9
44.0
42.1
42.7
42.0
41.1
40.1
40.7
41.5
42.5
40.0
42.9
41.3
40.0
43.3
41.2
45.4
43.4
42.6
44.9
41.8
41.0
40.6
41.8
42.2
41.1
41.8
41.5
41.8
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets .
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
41.6
42.3
40.3
43.0
40.8
41.1
41.7
41.6
40.2
42.1
41.1
40.9
42.7
43.4
42.0
43.9
41.7
42.0
See footnotes at end of table.
84
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1987P
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
5.7
3.4
3.4
3.5
4.0
2.7
6.5
7.2
6.1
6.2
3.9
2.7
4.4
5.4
3.3
3.2
3.7
3.7
2.7
5.6
6.2
5.4
5.0
3.8
2.0
3.4
5.9
3.6
3.7
4.1
4.2
3.1
5.2
5.8
5.4
4.1
4.2
3.4
4.9
3.3
3.2
4.6
4.0
2.7
5.2
6.0
5.5
4.2
3.9
2.9
5.0
42.6
42.0
4.2
3.8
3.8
3.8
4.1
4.6
2.8
3.0
3.8
3.7
5.3
4.7
6.6
5.2
3.5
3.8
4.1
3.7
3.6
4.8
4.0
4.6
2.4
2.6
3.4
3.4
5.2
4.3
6.1
5.2
3.8
4.4
4.6
4.3
4.4
4.7
4.3
4.7
3.2
3.2
4.3
4.2
5.5
5.5
6.6
5.4
3.9
4.2
4.4
4.1
4.1
5.0
4.7
5.2
3.6
3.5
4.3
4.3
5.2
5.3
6.4
5.3
3.7
4.2
41.4
42.5
42.6
41.4
41.4
41.5
40.4
40.6
39.4
40.5
41.3
38.9
41.2
40.8
39.7
42.7
41.1
44.2
43.1
41.6
44.6
41.7
40.3
39.8
41.3
40.9
40.8
41.0
40.6
40.8
41.2
3.5
5.6
5.7
2.8
2.3
3.1
2.5
2.3
2.0
3.2
3.7
3.0
3.1
2.8
3.3
4.5
3.4
5.6
4.4
3.5
5.6
3.4
3.5
3.2
3.9
2.6
2.2
2.7
2.5
2.6
3.5
5.8
6.1
3.1
2.2
3.7
2.4
2.6
2.1
2.9
3.8
2.4
2.9
2.5
3.6
4.5
3.6
5.3
4.8
4.8
5.9
3.4
3.4
3.1
4.1
2.6
2.5
2.8
3.1
2.3
3.9
5.2
5.2
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.1
1.8
3.0
3.5
3.9
2.7
4.1
3.3
3.1
5.1
3.6
6.6
4.9
4.2
5.9
3.9
3.6
3.4
3.9
3.1
2.2
3.3
3.1
3.1
3.5
5.4
5.5
3.0
2.6
3.3
2.5
2.2
2.0
3.0
3.2
2.4
3.4
3.1
2.9
4.7
3.5
5.9
4.9
3.2
6.1
3.9
3.1
2.9
3.4
2.9
2.8
2.9
2.6
2.8
41.9
42.6
38.2
44.2
41.6
41.4
42.0
3.4
4.3
4.3
4.3
2.7
2.9
3.4
4.4
3.3
4.8
2.8
2.7
4.1
6.4
6.6
6.3
2.9
3.2
3.6
5.7
2.6
6.8
3.1
3.4
Feb.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products—Continued
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Asbestos products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries
Aluminum foundries
1972
SIC
Code
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3292
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3361
Fabricated metal products
34
Metal cans and shipping containers
341
Metal cans
3411
Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware
342
Hand and edge tools, and hand saws and blades .. 3423,5
Hardware, nee
3429
Plumbing and heating, except electric
343
Plumbing fittings and brass goods
3432
Heating equipment, except electric
3433
Fabricated structural metal products
344
Fabricated structural metal
3441
Metal doors, sash, and trim
3442
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
3443
Sheet metal work
3444
Architectural metal work
3446
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
345
Screw machine products
3451
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
3452
Metal forgings and stampings
346
Iron and steel forgings
3462
Automotive stampings
3465
Metal stampings, nee
3469
Metal services, nee
347
Plating and polishing
3471
Metal coating and allied services
3479
Ordnance and accessories, nee
348
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
3483
Misc. fabricated metal products
349
Valves and pipe fittings
3494
Misc. fabricated wire products
3496
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
$11.38 $11.20 $11.51 $11.65
10.74 10.74
10.58
10.50
8.85
8.73
8.95
8.80
13.69
13.59
13.37
13.36
8.37
8.40
8.17
8.21
8.86
8.79
8.74
8.88
9.78
9.57
9.75
9.74
8.69
8.37
8.65
8.80
8.69
8.54
8.63
8.63
10.56 10.68 10.64
10.67
10.11 10.53 10.39
10.27
9.78
9.53
9.73
9.59
10.62
10.08
10.35
10.23
Feb.
1987P
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
$476.82 $468.16 $485.72
436.95 434.70 447.86
368.72 381.27 370.15
553.10 554.86 581.65
341.54 335.79 351.96
349.60 352.48 361.49
424.13 399.07 409.78
387.52 359.07 378.88
377.99 362.95 378.02
450.27 416.06 420.79
426.21 421.59 445.42
393.09 380.25 406.85
445.01 435.46 486.40
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
$513.77
440.34
366.39
584.56
347.36
356.98
405.18
377.52
371.95
419.22
432.22
401.82
454.37
11.93
13.82
14.53
10.85
10.67
11.16
11.18
9.84
13.53
14.07
11.21
10.22
13.88
10.93
9.51
9.79
11.81
13.48
14.09
10.94
10.73
11.23
11.31
9.73
13.69
14.12
11.09
10.06
13.76
10.78
9.59
9.91
11.91
13.83
14.56
10.92
10.64
11.09
11.09
9.99
13.16
13.62
11.32
10.44
13.74
11.16
9.57
9.83
11.86 $11.95 499.87
13.66
13.79 574.91
604.45
14.36
456.79
10.99
441.74
10.82
463.14
11.27
450.55
11.43
401.47
10.10
570.97
13.13
597.98
13.59
479.79
11.24
433.33
10.35
606.56
13.82
463.43
11.08
395.62
9.63
413.14
9.93
493.66
556.72
577.69
476.98
443.15
466.05
454.66
393.09
569.50
593.04
475.76
423.53
595.81
461.38
402.78
421.18
512.13
590.54
621.71
473.93
454.33
472.43
466.89
415.58
576.41
607.45
495.82
446.83
619.67
488.81
405.77
424.66
505.24 $509.07
576.45 579.18
605.99
479.16
460.93
476.72
484.63
423.19
567.22
592.52
488.94
452.30
606.70
486.41
402.53
421.03
9.87
13.37
14.13
9.85
13.29
14.05
10.00
13.42
9.98
13.35
9.84
14.22
9.82
14.14
9.90
8.89
10.22
8.95
8.63
8.80
9.11
8.89
10.38
8.82
8.55
8.63
9.08
8.97
10.26
1O'.43
9.16
9.11
8.67
9.08
8.76
9.25
9.19
9.54
9.37
7.57
9.63
7.89
421.00
589.14
625.68
413.42
383.02
430.92
376.48
347.67
369.56
383.88
415.65
310.00
441.87
393.18
337.20
417.85
369.98
465.35
519.93
536.76
623.21
386.23
327.59
323.18
336.91
457.03
429.08
387.07
409.61
348.19
413.17
567.38
602.36
409.86
368.87
432.85
368.04
355.66
355.39
372.20
397.72
306.92
421.48
386.38
331.50
410.35
369.08
449.96
517.63
514.18
625.29
384.89
318.77
314.82
327.10
442.13
427.58
379.66
398.69
342.72
411.59
9.76
407.79
574.13
612.58
407.38
362.71
431.81
359.86
352.26
347.79
368.65
396.35
299.77
414.92
378.40
343.26
396.68
363.58
429.68
510.51
527.85
615.97
368.10
321.17
311.55
340.72
434.09
411.05
366.62
394.88
326.84
437.85
540.38
509.33
551.51
408.12
447.86
454.76
587.20
553.56
599.67
374.88
400.68
444.14
570.41
484.38
602.00
372.74
395.37
447.72
7.61
10.16
10.12
9.78
7.75
10.30
9.49
9.46
9.52
8.50
8.56
8.43
9.43
9.29
9.65
8.82
10.00
11.86
12.35
13.80
8.74
9.81
11.90
8.98
10.25
11.98
12.60
13.88
9.06
7.90
9.00
7.81
8.08
10.68
10.31
9.10
9.80
8.15
10.56
13.04
12.94
13.08
9.74
10.53
12.42
13.78
7.93
7.75
8.29
10.46
10.05
9.03
9.75
8.09
10.50
12.99
12.67
13.10
9.93
10.95
9.24
7.99
7.96
8.06
10.83
10.44
9.26
9.87
8.33
9.99 407.63
8.40
582.93
618.89
398.21
360.93
418.00
358.90
351.24
343.20
371.69
398.77
305.16
419.61
380.55
337.45
400.78
361.62
439.00
505.24
513.76
608.58
371.46
321.53
314.74
336.13
436.81
413.43
368.55
392.00
330.08
3.91
9.02
10.23
9.47
8.35
9.61
8.98
10.18
12.01
12.36
14.02
9.23
7.91
7.91
7.92
10.81
10.48
9.26
9.82
10.65
13.53
13.18
10.60
10.66 439.30
13.39
12.68
13.66
8.99
9.54
13.62
8.96
9.55
551.59
521.48
562.44
397.39
432.78
See footnotes at end of table.
85
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment....
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment.
Electronic components and accessories
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
See footnotes at end of table.
86
1972
SIC
Code
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
3599
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
41.5
42.8
40.5
40.0
42.2
40.2
42.4
42.4
41.9
43.4
40.7
40.7
41.8
42.0
42.2
40.9
41.6
41.1
42.9
41.3
41.0
42.4
41.5
42.1
42.1
40.9
41.2
41.0
41.5
40.9
41.9
42.7
41.1
42.0
42.5
39.5
42.9
43.0
42.4
44.0
41.7
39.4
41.5
41.7
41.3
40.2
41.4
40.8
42.9
41.2
40.3
41.8
42.0
42.1
42.0
40.5
40.7
41.2
41.8
41.1
42.7
43.7
41.1
41.0
43.6
42.8
43.2
43.3
42.6
43.7
42.1
42.7
43.2
43.4
44.4
42.7
43.1
43.1
43.9
42.2
42.3
44.9
43.4
43.5
43.6
42.2
42.4
41.7
42.4
41.6
41.1
42.7
41.4
38.3
41.8
40.0
42.5
41.8
41.1
43.6
41.0
42.7
42.2
42.4
43.7
42.0
41.9
42.2
42.9
41.7
41.1
43.5
41.5
42.3
42.5
41.3
41.6
41.5
42.1
41.4
41^:9
40.0
40.8
41.1
39.9
40.6
40.3
41.4
40.6
40.3
40.7
40.4
40.5
38.9
41.6
41.8
41.5
41.1
41.6
41.1
43.5
40.9
41.2
41.2
42.0
41.6
41.1
41.5
42.9
40.3
41.0
41.6
39.6
40.1
40.5
40.5
38.8
40.4
39.2
40.8
41.1
39.8
41.1
41.1
41.6
40.8
41.8
41.1
44.3
40.7
41.2
41.3
42.1
42.0
42.1
41.7
42.3
41.0
41.5
41.5
40.9
41.9
40.7
45.0
41.7
41.2
42.0
40.7
42.3
40.1
43.0
43.4
42.7
42.0
43.0
42.0
44.8
42.0
42.2
42.7
43.6
43.2
41.0
40.4
41.5
39.4
40.6
40.9
39.2
41.0
40.7
42.9
40.0
40.2
39.2
40.5
41.7
39.3
40.6
40.8
42.0
41.8
42.1
40.8
43.0
40.5
40.8
41.9
40.9
42.8
Feb.
1987P
40.9
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
2.7
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.7
2.9
4.6
3.9
4.7
5.7
3.5
2.4
3.5
3.0
3.6
3.7
3.2
2.3
4.7
2.7
2.7
4.1
3.8
2.7
2.7
3.0
3.3
3.5
3.9
3.5
2.9
2.7
2.1
3.1
3.6
2.9
4.8
4.1
4.8
6.2
3.3
2.1
3.3
3.1
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.1
4.4
2.2
2.0
3.5
3.9
2.5
2.4
2.5
2.9
3.6
4.2
3.5
3.5
3.0
2.9
4.2
4.4
4.0
4.9
4.2
5.2
5.8
3.9
3.3
4.3
3.9
4.8
4.7
4.1
3.7
5.1
3.5
3.6
5.5
4.6
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.3
3.9
2.7
2.5
3.2
3.2
3.4
2.2
4.6
3.7
3.9
5.7
3.3
3.0
3.9
3.4
4.4
4.4
3.5
3.0
4.8
3.3
3.1
4.0
3.7
2.6
2.8
3.2
3.5
3.7
3.5
3.7
2.8
2.7
2.9
2.6
2.7
3.1
1.9
3.0
3.5
2.7
2.8
2.6
2.8
2.3
2.3
1.6
3.0
2.8
2.7
2.1
2.9
3.0
2.9
3.2
3.1
3.2
3.1
3.9
2.7
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.4
2.9
1.4
2.5
3.2
1.7
1.4
2.6
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.3
3.0
3.0
2.5
1.8
2.8
2.9
3.2
2.9
3.1
3.2
3.0
3.9
3.4
3.3
3.5
3.1
3.1
3.5
2.1
4.0
3.4
4.2
3.9
3.0
3.2
2.7
3.2
1.9
3.2
2.7
3.2
2.8
3.3
3.6
3.7
4.0
3.6
3.9
3.9
4.6
2.8
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.6
3.2
.8
3.0
3.6
1.5
2.7
2.6
2.7
2.5
2.9
1.7
2.1
1.8
2.6
2.1
2.8
3.0
3.4
3.3
3.0
3.8
2.5
4.8
Feb.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Machinery, except electrical—Continued
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
,
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven hand tools
Special industry machinery
Food products machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Office and computing machines
Electronic computing equipment
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. machinery, except electrical
Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves ...
Machinery, except electrical, nee
Electrical and electronic equipment
Electric distributing equipment
Transformers
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus ...
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Radio and TV receiving equipment
Radio and TV receiving sets
Communication equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Radio and TV communication equipment
Electronic components and accessories ...
Electronic tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies ....
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
1972
SIC
Code
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3551
3552
3555
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3573
358
3585
359
3592
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
$11.11 $11.03 $11.10 $10.94
12.06
12.16
12.25
12.15
11.28
11.47
11.41
11.33
11.21
11.06
11.29
11.11
10.03
9.93
10.04
10.07
9.74
9.85
9.52 10.04
11.02
11.06
11.12
10.93
11.00
11.13
11.13
10.86
11.51
11.36
11.60
11.42
11.71
11.73
11.81
11.70
9.96
9.99
9.87
9.68
8.58
8.58
8.48
8.50
10.43
10.35 10.54 10.56
10.61
10.72
10.68
10.57
8.14
8.59
8.55
8.39
10.81
11.35
11.21
11.02
10.19
10.25
10.31
10.36
10.90
10.76
11.01
11.10
10.74
10.65
10.77
10.83
10.13
9.95 10.38 10.36
9.00
9.11
9.24
9.33
10.65
10.42
10.21
10.26
10.32
10.28
10.46
10.47
9.77 10.09 10.12
9.95
9.74 10.03 10.10
9.92
10.26
10.29
10.46
10.49
10.56
10.62
10.68
10.72
10.21
10.16
10.28
10.29
12.66
12.80
12.32
12.52
3599
9.83
9.74
9.95
9.96
36
361
3612
9.67
9.60
8.88
9.85
9.17
9.08
9.87
9.09
9.25
9.70
9.69
9.50
9.20
9.64
9.67
9.24
9.68
11.14
11.84
7.32
8.98
9.91
8.45
9.70
11.11
11.38
7.34
9.05
10.05
8.54
9.32
6.52
9.35
6.62
9.63
3613
362
3621
3622
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
3662
367
3671-3
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
8.99
8.86
9.11
9.67
9.63
9.45
9.56
10.97
11.32
7.25
8.84
9.85
8.32
9.25
6.50
9.48
9.82
11.34
10.93
11.49
8.67
10.75
10.19
7.93
10.49
10.94
11.13
8.73
9.03
9.64
9.58
9.35
9.44
10.70
11.13
7.13
8.71
9.89
8.23
9.08
6.47
9.52
9.48
9.94
11.33
10.84
11.50
8.51
10.79
9.79
7.89
10.46
10.80
11.14
11.59
11.28
11.70
8.91
10.90
10.60
8.10
10.59
10.92
11.26
9.82
8.98
10.03
11.63
11.10
11.80
8.94
10.88
10.71
8.10
10.61
10.81
11.34
Feb.
1987P
Avg.
1986
$461.07
524.30
464.54
448.40
423.27
391.55
467.25
466.40
482.27
508.21
401.71
345.95
435.97
445.62
354.06
450.72
426.40
447.99
460.75
418.37
373.51
441.81
426.62
418.90
417.63
420.86
435.07
418.61
525.39
402.05
$9.87 396.47
367.69
371.23
364.40
394.54
395.79
377.06
388.14
442.09
468.65
294.35
356.25
400.90
336.13
374.63
252.85
394.37
410.48
470.61
449.22
477.98
356.34
467.63
416.77
326.72
432.19
459.48
463.01
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
$462.16 $473,97 $449.63
518.81 531.39 514.96
465.66 468.95 466.99
466.62 462.89 423.60
427.98 437.74 415.07
376.04 429.71 394.00
468.90 480.38 470.05
466.98 481.93 465.23
484.21 494.16 466.90
514.80 516.10 511.43
403.66 420.58 408.36
334.11 366.37 366.37
429.53 455.33 445.63
440.77 463.51 454.53
336.18 379.62 375.38
434.56 478.67 476.70
421.87 446.52 431.99
439.01 478.41 464.62
456.89 475.44 462.03
409.94 438.04 432.01
362.70 394.66 379.76
445.17 460.67 444.14
433.44 454.40 434.09
411.32 438.92 428.08
409.08 437.31 429.25
415.53 442.68 432.00
432.23 454.53 444.29
426.62
418.59 429.09
518.67
535.04 530.85
412.34
400.31 413.92
394.56
368.52
374.52
363.91
395.24
398.53
370.26
378.54
433.35
450.77
276.64
351.88
387.69
335.78
373.19
257.51
391.27
408.53
471.33
442.27
480.70
349.76
478.00
398.45
325.07
432.00
454.68
467.88
414.69
382.39
384.08
379.25
402.55
402.14
388.55
405.59
453.40
532.80
305.24
369.98
416.22
343.92
394.24
261.45
407.64
426.19
494.89
473.76
503.10
374.22
488.32
445.20
341.82
452.19
476.11
486.43
404.67
367.24
372.67
362.48
391.38
395.50
362.21
397.70
452.18
488.20
293.60
363.81
393.96
345.87
389.90
260.17
390.98
409.22
488.46
463.98
496.78
364.75
467.84
433.76
330.48
444.56
442.13
485.35
$403.68
See footnotes at end of table.
87
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts.
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
1972
SIC
Code
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments .
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies .
Watches, clocks, and watchcases
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles .
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays
39
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products ....
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
See footnotes at end of table.
386
387
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987"
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
42.4
42.7
42.3
41.1
43.4
40.4
42.8
42.1
42.9
43.7
40.7
40.9
40.1
40.2
42.4
42.7
40.5
38.6
43.0
43.6
43.5
40.8
44.3
39.0
42.9
42.3
43.0
43.6
41.3
41.6
40.2
41.5
43.5
44.3
40.7
37.6
43.4
44.0
44.1
42.7
44.4
42.2
43.5
42.3
44.8
44.3
41.3
41.3
41.2
41.5
43.6
44.0
41.0
38.9
42.5
43.2
43.1
42.0
43.7
41.0
42.4
41.7
42.9
43.1
40.2
40.2
40.3
40.5
43.0
43.7
41.4
40.3
42.4
43.2
4.4
4.4
4.3
3.5
4.9
2.5
4.9
4.3
5.4
5.5
3.4
3.7
2.7
2.4
4.4
4.7
3.6
2.5
4.7
5.2
5.3
3.4
5.5
1.8
4.6
4.0
5.1
5.1
3.7
4.2
2.5
2.9
5.0
5.5
2.7
1.8
4.7
4.7
4.7
3.8
5.0
3.7
5.4
4.1
6.8
6.4
3.3
3.5
2.9
3.1
4.5
4.7
4.9
3.6
4.4
4.8
4.8
4.7
5.0
2.5
4.5
3.9
5.0
5.0
2.8
2.6
3.2
.8
4.2
4.5
4.6
3.4
41.1
42.0
40.7
39.8
41.0
40.5
41.6
40.8
41.0
40.7
40.0
42.6
39.9
41.1
42.3
40.5
40.1
41.3
40.2
41.7
41.3
41.8
40.9
39.7
42.2
39.8
42.3
43.5
41.9
40.4
43.8
40.8
42.1
41.9
41.8
42.1
41.5
43.9
41.1
41.2
41.8
40.9
40.8
41.2
40.3
41.3
40.6
41.1
40.4
40.2
44.0
38.1
41.0
2.7
3.2
2.2
2.1
2.6
2.0
2.9
2.9
2.9
2.8
2.3
3.2
1.5
2.6
3.3
2.0
2.0
2.7
1.7
3.0
3.1
3.1
3.0
1.6
2.8
1.4
3.5
3.8
3.1
2.7
3.2
2.5
3.1
3.7
3.3
4.0
3.1
4.3
2.6
2.8
3.1
2.5
3.2
2.3
2.2
2.1
2.8
2.9
2.7
2.5
3.7
.6
39.6
38.7
37.8
40.6
39.7
39.0
40.3
40.2
38.8
38.0
39.9
40.2
39.8
38.6
37.6
39.4
39.8
38.9
40.4
39.3
40.3
40.0
40.2
40.4
40.3
39.9
39.4
42.6
40.0
38.9
40.8
41.8
38.3
37.2
40.7
41.0
39.5
37.6
37.0
41.8
39.9
39.0
40.5
39.8
37.8
36.9
40.0
39.9
39.4
2.4
2.3
2.1
2.7
2.1
1.9
2.3
2.1
2.6
2.6
2.5
2.5
2.2
2.3
1.8
1.6
1.8
1.6
2.0
1.9
2.4
1.9
2.6
2.4
2.7
3.2
3.5
3.1
2.3
1.9
2.6
3.0
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.3
1.5
1.5
2.9
2.3
2.1
2.4
1.4
3.3
3.9
2.3
2.3
39.9
40.0
39.3
41.0
40.1
37.7
41.3
39.3
42.5
39.3
40.3
39.1
37.7
43.7
45.9
42.9
39.5
38.8
41.2
39.8
39.9
39.6
42.2
39.4
37.3
40.8
38.6
42.3
39.1
40.3
39.6
37.2
44.1
45.5
43.0
38.9
38.0
41.3
40.7
40.4
39.3
40.5
40.1
37.7
41.2
39.4
42.4
39.7
41.2
39.6
39.5
45.1
48.3
43.3
39.3
38.5
41.2
40.0
39.9
39.8
43.5
39.7
36.7
40.5
39.1
41.5
39.4
42.2
38.8
38.5
44.1
47.1
43.1
38.4
37.7
40.3
39.9
39.3
3.3
3.9
3.5
4.1
3.6
3.0
4.3
3.7
5.0
3.7
5.0
4.0
3.2
5.6
5.7
5.5
3.6
3.6
3.5
3.2
3.7
3.5
4.6
3.0
2.7
3.7
2.9
4.8
3.3
7.1
3.0
2.3
6.0
5.6
5.7
3.2
3.0
3.8
3.6
3.8
3.4
3.7
3.9
2.9
4.0
3.7
4.5
3.2
4.7
3.0
3.1
6.0
6.9
5.7
3.5
3.4
3.8
3.4
3.6
3.8
5.8
3.2
2.6
3.7
3.2
4.2
3.3
6.8
2.5
3.4
5.4
6.0
5.7
3.1
3.1
3.3
Feb.
1987P
3.3
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed
Industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
Instruments and related products
Engineering and scientific instruments
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Optical instruments and lenses
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, and watchcases
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising displays
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry dressing plants
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies and crackers
1972
SIC
Code
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
383
384
3841
3842
385
386
387
39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
20
201
2011
2013
2016
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
2052
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
Avg.
1986
$12.86 $12.91 $13.00 $12.96 $12.98 $545.26
13.64 577.30
13.66
13.63
13.66
13.52
15.24
15.13
14.99
633.23
14.97
11.82
11.59
10.86
451.28
10.98
12.93
12.86
13.08
560.29
12.91
9.51
9.72
9.43
384.20
9.51
12.96
13.10
12.77
552.12
12.90
(2)
(2)
0
0
561.56
$13.09 $12.98 $13.38 $13.16
518.28
11.69
11.86
11.77
12.02
432.64
10.65
10.72
10.63
10.63
474.44
11.68
11.61
11.60
11.65
323.21
8.20
8.20
8.06
8.08
505.72
12.02
12.73
12.58
12.37
515.16
12.40
12.17
12.15
12.44
12.69
532.04
12.36
12.46
12.76
10.84
426.87
10.35
10.54
10.93
348.56
9.38
8.74
9.03
9.56
9.46
10.23
9.27
8.73
9.41
9.43
10.47
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
$555.13
595.58
652.07
443.09
579.44
367.77
547.83
$564.20
599.72
667.23
494.89
570.98
410.18
569.85
$550.80 $550.35
590.11 589.25
656.84
496.44
565.04
389.91
549.50
558.14
509.68
442.74
482.98
329.64
528.30
529.40
547.55
421.25
328.62
599.42
532.49
439.02
481.15
332.90
513.36
542.38
561.44
448.13
371.88
564.56
507.29
428.13
469.54
330.46
486.81
533.20
554.55
448.78
378.01
9.32
9.62
9.61
9.64 388.81
10.49
10.51
8.99
9.49
9.50
8.62
9.28
8.96
9.46
8.83
9.09
9.65
10.28
8.39
8.56
8.25
429.66
377.29
347.45
385.81
381.92
435.55
345.17
354.24
338.62
286.80
534.63
279.70
383.05
425.96
364.10
345.66
383.26
365.42
428.68
346.51
357.81
337.43
281.47
521.17
274.22
406.93
456.32
397.63
361.98
414.35
393.72
445.84
360.76
366.17
357.85
300.88
564.99
294.69
395.93
439.32
388.55
360.26
392.64
392.12
433.65
348.75
357.98
342.59
294.67
558.80
272.80
395.24
10.07
9.53
9.73
12.55
12.35
10.59
8.61
8.76
8.50
7.25
12.87
7.01
6.89
7.17
10.50
8.59
8.71
8.48
7.33
12.70
7.16
7.56
8.09
8.14
7.23
6.91
6.88
6.93
7.73
6.14
5.58
8.31
8.61
7.48'
7.90'
7.92
7.07
6.81
6.76
6.83
7.59
6.06
5.54
8.25
8.61
7.71
8.23
8.31
7.34
6.98
6.93
7.01
7.87
6.29
5.61
8.53
8.86
7.71
8.12
8.23
7.33
7.11
7.15
7.09
7.82
6.32
5.57
8.49
8.89
7.65 299.38
313.08
307.69
293.54
274.33
268.32
279.28
310.75
238.23
212.04
331.57
346.12
297.70
304.94
297.79
278.56
271.04
262.96
275.93
298.29
244.22
221.60
331.65
347.84
310.71
328.38
327.41
312.68
279.20
269.58
286.01
328.97
240.91
208.69
347.17
363.26
304.55
305.31
304.51
306.39
283.69
278.85
287.15
311.24
238.90
205.53
339.60
354.71
301.41
8.93
8.74
7.31
8.24
8.74
5.95
9.44
8.81
9.84
8.00
10.07
7.88
7.31
8.86
8.72
7.31
8.18
8.77
5.90
9.36
8.61
9.74
8.10
9.92
8.11
7.45
10.53
10.15
8.06
9.74
9.64
9.96
9.06
8.88
7.33
8.30
8.68
6.04
9.53
8.92
9.85
8.37
10.65
8.24
7.57
10.88
9.08
8.91
7.45
8.47
8.59
6.11
9.50
8.83
9.82
8.46
10.85
8.39
7.62
9.07 356.31
8.93 349.60
352.63
347.93
289.48
345.20
345.54
220.07
381.89
332.35
412.00
316.71
399.78
321.16
277.14
464.37
461.83
346.58
378.89
366.32
411.35
368.74
358.75
288.07
336.15
348.07
227.71
392.64
351.45
417.64
332.29
438.78
326.30
299.02
490.69
511.01
362.42
392.21
382.31
416.12
363.20
355.51
296.51
368.45
341.02
224.24
384.75
345.25
407.53
333.32
457.87
325.53
293.37
474.96
494.08
356.01
382.85
373.98
407.03
361.89
350.95
8.46
8.64
8.32
7.17
10.67
10.26
8.13
9.86
9.79
10.04
7.09
10.58
8.37
9.98
9.93
10.10
10.77
10.49
8.26
9.97
9.92
10.10
287.28
337.84
350.47
224.32
389.87
346.23
418.20
314.40
405.82
308.11
275.59
466.28
470.93
348.78
389.47
379.85
413.65
See footnotes at end of table.
89
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrfcultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
1972
SIC
Code
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
3.3
5.8
2.3
5.2
4.0
5.5
3.6
3.7
3.7
6.6
2.4
5.5
3.5
6.2
2.5
3.7
4.0
7.9
2.6
5.6
3.4
4.1
3.0
3.7
3.5
6.2
2.1
4.9
3.0
4.5
2.5
3.1
209
40.5
43.0
39.4
43.0
40.7
42.8
40.0
38.3
40.1
44.0
38.0
43.5
40.1
42.2
39.0
37.6
42.3
46.1
40.8
43.9
41.3
44.1
39.5
39.1
40.9
43.3
39.3
42.4
39.6
43.0
38.9
37.8
Tobacco manufactures.
Cigarettes
21
211
37.6
36.8
37.7
37.1
37.7
37.3
37.2
37.1
34.3
1.3
1.0
1.1
.7
1.2
1.2
.9
1.0
Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool .
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks .
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yam and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
41.2
41.8
41.2
41.8
40.9
39.5
39.2
38.6
38.3
39.4
42.4
42.1
42.4
41.5
41.7
42.2
43.2
38.4
43.0
40.7
40.4
40.8
41.4
40.9
39.3
39.2
37.7
39.0
38.5
41.2
41.2
41.6
40.8
40.5
41.9
42.6
39.4
43.4
42.4
43.7
42.8
43.5
41.6
39.9
41.0
38.7
38.5
38.7
44.0
44.5
43.6
44.2
44.0
42.9
44.3
37.1
44.0
41.7
42.8
42.0
43.5
40.6
39.6
39.4
38.0
38.7
39.2
42.9
41.7
41.2
41.4
43.0
42.5
43.9
36.8
43.8
41.7
4.1
5.2
3.8
3.9
3.0
3.1
3.0
2.5
2.9
2.5
5.1
4.6
5.0
4.6
4.3
4.7
5.2
3.2
4.3
3.8
4.8
3.4
3.0
2.7
3.0
3.3
2.1
3.0
2.0
4.5
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.2
4.5
5.0
3.5
4.3
4.8
6.3
4.8
5.1
3.5
3.5
3.3
2.5
3.4
2.8
6.0
5.6
5.5
5.9
5.0
5.3
6.0
3.2
5.0
4.3
5.5
4.4
4.8
3.1
3.2
3.5
2.3
3.0
2.3
5.1
4.2
4.3
4.0
4.6
4.9
5.8
2.3
4.7
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
23
231
232
36:7
35.3
37.1
37.5
36.5
36.2
35.0
35.3
34.1
35.0
35.4
37.0
37.3
35.4
37.2
36.2
37.4
39.1
37.9
38.6
41.2
36.6
36.0
37.5
36.9
37.2
37.2
34.8
34.3
34.4
34.4
35.2
36.3
36.8
34.0
37.9
37.2
36.8
38.7
36.4
37.7
41.5
37.4
36.0
37.7
37.9
38.4
36.4
36.2
35.5
35.0
35.5
37.2
35.3
35.4
35.0
37.8
37.4
38.9
40.2
39.8
40.0
42.6
36.8
35.8
37.1
37.9
36.8
36.8
35.8
35.9
35.0
34.2
36.6
36.1
36.6
34.0
37.2
37.0
37.0
38.7
38.1
37.3
41.2
37.0
1.6
.9
1.3
1.5
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.7
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.7
1.6
1.3
2.7
1.5
2.6
4.9
1.5
.9
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.4
1.0
1.3
.9
1.7
1.3
1.2
1.6
2.0
2.0
.8
2.4
.6
2.0
4.9
1.9
1.1
1.5
1.6
1.1
1.2
1.9
1.5
1.3
1.3
2.4
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.7
2.0
2.0
3.4
2.3
3.0
6.5
1.8
1.1
1.4
1.6
1.2
1.3
1.8
1.2
1.6
.9
2.3
1.0
1.0
.9
1.6
1.7
1.5
2.9
1.3
1.8
6.2
43.3
45.3
45.5
44.3
41.9
43.0
42.0
41.9
42.6
42.4
43.2
42.9
43.5
45.0
45.0
45.2
42.4
43.0
42.8
43.2
42.8
41.9
43.5
43.4
44.2
46.1
46.3
44.9
42.8
43.4
42.5
43.3
43.7
43.9
43.6
46.1
43.5
45.2
45.3
44.5
42.7
44.8
41.6
43.3
42.6
42.4
43.6
42.1
43.1
4.8
6.5
6.7
6.9
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.9
4.2
4.0
4.5
4.7
4.7
6.3
6.5
7.2
3.4
3.0
3.5
4.1
4.0
3.6
4.3
4.4
5.2
6.6
6.8
7.3
3.9
4.1
3.5
4.3
4.8
5.0
4.8
5.1
4.9
6.3
6.5
7.2
3.8
4.4
3.2
4.3
4.2
4.2
4.7
3.9
Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper..
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes ..
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes .
Sanitary food containers
See footnotes at end of table.
90
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396
26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654
Feb.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed
Industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Sugar and confectionery products
Cane and beet sugar
Confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
1972
SIC
Code
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
$349.27
443.96
283.48
374.54
469.57
690.39
343.59
300.80
$364.63
461.00
299.47
395.54
493.95
719.27
367.35
320.23
$361.97
434.73
297.89
375.66
466.09
695.31
357.88
312.61
448.25
556.50
484.82
592.70
483.23
586.18
$456.53
286.34
303.89
305.29
308.48
268.30
251.62
245.78
232.76
243.97
231.67
294.68
306.07
309.52
319.97
303.16
274.30
281.23
250.37
340.56
278.80
286.84
297.43
297.25
264.21
247.98
247.35
225.82
242.19
224.84
283.04
296.64
296.19
316.61
288.36
269.00
273.92
254.13
336.78
302.31
325.13
325.28
333.21
274.98
259.75
257.07
234.91
255.64
231.04
314.60
328.86
326.56
341.22
331.76
286.14
295.92
249.68
360.80
296.49
315.44
320.04
332.34
270.40
256.61
250.19
231.42
249.62
237.55
306.74
305.66
304.88
317.54
327.23
284.33
294.57
245.09
358.28
296.49
Avg.
206
2061-3
2065
207
208
2082
2086
209
$8.79
10.41
7.52
8.87
11.74
16.20
9.09
8.00
$8.71
10.09
7.46
8.61
11.71
16.36
8.81
8.00
$8.62
10.00
7.34
9.01
11.96
16.31
9.30
8.19
$8.85
10.04
7.58
8.86
11.77
16.17
9.20
8.27
Tobacco manufactures
Cigarettes
21
211
12.77
15.58
11.89
15.00
12.86
15.89
12.99 $13.31 480.15
15.80
573.34
Textile mill products
Weaving mills, cotton
Weaving mills, synthetics
Weaving and finishing mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Knit underwear mills
Circular knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Floor covering mills
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn mills, except wool
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2254
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
6.95
7.27
7.41
7.38
6.56
6.37
6.27
6.03
6.37
5.88
6.95
7.27
7.30
7.71
7.27
6.50
6.51
6.52
7.92
6.85
7.10
7.29
7.18
6.46
6.31
6.31
5.99
6.21
5.84
6.87
7.20
7.12
7.76
7.12
6.42
6.43
6.45
7.76
7.13
7.44
7.60
7.66
6.61
6.51
6.27
6.07
6.64
5.97
7.15
7.39
7.49
7.72
7.54
6.67
6.68
6.73
8.20
7.11
7.37
7.62
7.64
6.66
6.48
6.35
6.09
6.45
6.06
7.15
7.33
7.40
7.67
7.61
6.69
6.71
6.66
8.18
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear
Men's and boys' separate trousers
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and waists
Women's and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres and allied garments
Children's outerwear
Children's dresses and blouses
Misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
23
231
232
2321
2327
2328
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
238
239
2391
2392
2396
5.81
6.68
5.38
5.15
5.29
5.46
5.57
5.10
5.89
6.41
5.34
5.39
5.23
6.15
5.16
4.98
5.60
7.08
5.58
5.96
11.04
5.82
6.70
5.38
5.17
5.30
5.45
5.60
5.20
5.88
6.44
5.38
5.39
5.22
6.24
5.15
4.97
5.57
7.12
5.52
5.90
11.33
5.86
6.63
5.41
5.21
5.34
5.48
5.60
5.08
5.94
6.47
5.38
5.43
5.26
6.24
5.20
5.10
5.66
7.14
5.51
6.03
11.08
5.89
6.71
5.46
5.30
5.31
5.58
5.59
5.06
5.91
6.34
5.44
5.49
5.35
6.19
5.20
5.06
5.75
7.26
5.63
6.04
11.30
5.89 213.23
237.14
199.60
193.13
193.09
197.65
194.95
180.03
200.85
224.35
189.04
199.43
195.08
217.71
191.95
180.28
209.44
276.83
211.48
230.06
454.85
213.01
241.20
201.75
190.77
197.16
202.74
194.88
178.36
202.27
221.54
189.38
195.66
192.10
212.16
195.19
184.88
204.98
275.54
200.93
222.43
470.20
219.16
238.68
203.96
197.46
205.06
199.47
202.72
180.34
207.90
229.69
200.14
191.68
186.20
218.40
196.56
190.74
220.17
287.03
219.30
241.20
472.01
216.75
240.22
202.57
200.87
195.41
205.34
200.12
181.65
206.85
216.83
199.10
198.19
195.81
210.46
193.44
187.22
212.75
280.96
214.50
225.29
465.56
217.93
Paper and allied products
Paper and pulp mills
Paper mills, except building paper
Paperboard mills
Misc. converted paper products
Paper coating and glazing
Envelopes
Bags, except textile bags
Paperboard containers and boxes
Folding paperboard boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
26
261,2,6
262
263
264
2641
2642
2643
265
2651
2653
2654
11.14
13.59
13.68
14.00
9.58
10.89
8.75
9.00
9.54
9.83
9.82
9.23
11.02
13.37
13.46
13.84
9.48
10.85
8.53
8.92
9.46
9.75
9.72
9.15
11.24
13.70
13.77
14.19
9.70
10.89
9.08
9.01
9.66
9.99
9.90
9.56
11.18
13.60
13.67
14.00
9.71
10.73
9.12
9.00
9.60
9.95
9.83
9.19
11.16 482.36
615.63
622.44
620.20
401.40
468.27
367.50
377.10
406.40
416.79
424.22
395.97
479.37
601.65
605.70
625.57
401.95
466.55
365.08
385.34
404.89
408.53
422.82
397.11
496.81
631.57
637.55
637.13
415.16
472.63
385.90
390.13
422.14
438.56
431.64
440.72
486.33
614.72
619.25
623.00
414.62
480.70
379.39
389.70
408.96
421.88
428.59
386.90
481.00
$356.00
447.63
296.29
381.41
477.82
693.36
363.60
306.40
7.11
S e e footnotes at end of table.
91
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress ..
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
1972
SIC
Code
!72
!73
1731
732
74
275
2751
2752
276
278
279
28
Chemicals and allied products
281
Industrial inorganic chemicals
2819
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
282
Plastics materials and synthetics
2821
Plastics materials and resins
2824
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
283
Drugs
2834
Pharmaceutical preparations
284
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
2841
Soap and other detergents
2844
Toilet preparations
2842,3
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
285
Paints and allied products
286
Industrial organic chemicals
2865
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee 2861,9
287
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products
289
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
38.0
33.7
38.3
40.0
38.8
41.8
36.3
39.4
39.0
39.5
41.1
38.4
38.7
37.7
32.9
38.9
39.8
38.4
41.8
36.6
39.0
38.8
38.8
41.9
39.0
39.1
38.8
34.5
38.8
40.7
39.4
42.7
37.0
40.2
39.8
40.1
43.1
39.2
38.6
37.5
32.5
38.3
39.0
37.7
41.0
36.3
39.3
39.0
39.2
41.1
37.7
37.9
37.7
2.9
1.7
3.3
3.5
2.8
4.7
2.1
3.4
2.8
3.5
3.5
2.1
3.6
2.6
1.2
3.5
3.3
2.4
4.7
1.7
3.0
2.4
3.1
4.3
2.3
3.4
3.2
1.9
3.1
3.8
3.0
4.9
2.7
3.6
3.1
3.7
4.8
2.5
3.4
2.7
1.0
2.8
3.5
2.8
4.5
2.8
3.2
2.9
3.3
3.7
1.9
3.3
42.0
42.1
42.7
42.2
43.1
41.8
41.6
41.5
41.0
44.1
38.9
41.5
41.6
43.5
43.2
43.6
42.3
41.8
41.8
41.7
42.3
41.8
43.6
40.7
41.0
40.8
40.9
44.3
38.7
40.8
41.0
43.9
44.8
43.6
42.2
42.1
42.7
43.4
44.2
43.0
43.4
43.0
41.8
41.7
42.2
45.5
40.2
42.1
41.6
43.8
44.1
43.7
43.2
42.4
42.3
42.6
43.1
43.4
43.6
43.4
42.1
41.7
40.7
43.7
38.8
41.0
40.8
43.3
42.4
43.6
42.5
41.7
42.4
3.7
3.5
3.5
3.8
4.6
3.3
3.1
3.1
3.3
5.0
2.4
2.8
3.3
4.7
4.9
4.6
4.4
3.6
3.4
2.9
2.9
3.6
4.6
3.1
3.2
3.1
2.9
4.5
2.2
2.1
3.0
4.3
5.4
3.9
4.0
3.5
4.0
4.0
3.9
3.8
4.4
3.4
3.3
3.4
3.9
5.9
3.2
2.9
2.7
5.2
5.7
5.1
4.6
3.7
3.9
3.8
3.8
4.4
4.6
4.3
3.2
3.2
3.2
5.1
2.4
2.4
3.5
5.0
4.9
5.0
4.7
3.2
Petroleum and coal products ...
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials .
29
291
295
43.7
43.8
44.2
43.2
43.8
41.7
43.7
43.9
43.3
45.2
45.8
43.8
44.6
4.4
3.9
6.8
4.0
4.0
4.7
4.4
4.2
5.8
4.4
4.1
6.3
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products
30
301
302
41.3
42.9
39.0
41.4
43.3
39.2
42.3
43.6
38.8
41.6
43.8
38.5
41.2
3.8
5.1
1.7
3.6
4.5
1.4
4.1
5.0
1.4
3.8
5.0
1.3
303,4
306
307
42.5
41.4
41.1
42.4
41.7
41.0
42.9
42.7
42.1
40.8
41.9
41.3
3.6
3.3
3.7
3.1
3.4
3.6
4.2
3.8
4.1
2.8
3.7
3.8
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods .
31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317
36.9
40.5
36.1
35.7
36.3
38.3
37.1
37.1
40.3
36.7
36.0
37.6
36.6
36.6
38.1
41.4
37.5
37.8
37.8
39.2
37.2
37.3
40.9
36.8
37.2
37.1
37.2
36.7
37.5
1.5
3.2
1.2
1.0
1.5
1.6
1.4
1.3
3.3
1.2
.9
1.5
1.5
.6
1.8
3.5
1.7
1.6
1.9
1.2
1.6
1.7
3.5
1.6
1.4
2.2
.5
1.6
39.2
39.0
39.2
38.7
39.2
Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3
4011
44.0
42.4
43.4
42.9
Local and interurban passenger transit .
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation
,
41
411
413
34.2
38.2
39.3
33.8
38.4
37.5
33.5
37.6
38.6
33.1
38.2
37.6
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals .
Public warehousing
42
421,3
422
38.2
38.2
38.7
37.4
37.3
38.4
38.7
38.6
39.1
37.8
37.8
38.2
Pipe lines, except natural gas .
46
41.8
44.4
41.4
42.3
See footnotes at end of table.
92
Feb.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed
Industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, letterpress
Commercial printing, lithographic
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Toilet preparations
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Gum, wood, and industrial organic chemicals, nee
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products
1972
SIC
Code
Average hourly earnings
Avg.
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Average weekly earnings
Feb.
1987P
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2751
2752
276
278
279
$9.97
10.01
10.72
8.93
8.32
9.81
8.98
10.28
9.86
10.44
10.37
7.86
12.02
$9.85 $10.14 $10.16 $10.20 $378.86
9.91
10.17
337.34
10.05
10.84
410.58
10.51
10.92
8.71
9.30
9.40
357.20
8.01
8.80
8.88
322.82
9.67
10.03
10.15
410.06
8.80
325.97
9.13
9.25
10.19
10.42
10.44
405.03
9.75
10.02
10.16
384.54
10.34
10.58
10.56
412.38
10.22
10.68
10.56
426.21
7.78
8.10
8.05
301.82
11.79
12.10
12.32
465.17
$371.35
326.04
408.84
346.66
307.58
404.21
322.08
397.41
378.30
401.19
428.22
303.42
460.99
$393.43
350.87
420.59
378.51
346.72
428.28
337.81
418.88
398.80
424.26
460.31
317.52
467.06
$381.00 $384.54
326.63
418.24
366.60
334.78
416.15
335.78
410.29
396.24
413.95
434.02
303.49
466.93
28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2844
2842,3
285
286
2865
. 2861,9
287
289
11.97
13.14
13.22
12.10
13.18
11.73
11.12
10.86
10.73
13.82
9.03
10.00
10.42
14.36
14.26
14.40
11.42
11.15
11.86
13.01
13.09
12.02
12.98
11.87
11.01
10.68
10.75
13.62
9.02
9.89
10.28
14.12
14.07
14.14
11.32
10.88
12.20
13.36
13.39
12.22
13.34
11.63
11.31
11.08
11.03
14.13
9.42
10.06
10.72
14.63
14.90
14.54
11.88
11.31
12.18
13.40
13.43
12.26
13.35
11.78
11.30
11.07
10.95
13.98
9.43
10.03
10.82
14.52
14.64
14.48
11.84
11.28
12.20 502.74
553.19
564.49
510.62
568.06
490.31
462.59
450.69
439.93
609.46
351.27
415.00
433.47
624.66
616.03
627.84
483.07
466.07
495.75
542.52
553.71
502.44
565.93
483.11
451.41
435.74
439.68
603.37
349.07
403.51
421.48
619.87
630.34
616.50
477.70
458.05
520.94
579.82
591.84
525.46
578.96
500.09
472.76
462.04
465.47
642.92
378.68
423.53
445.95
640.79
657.09
635.40
513.22
479.54
515.21
570.84
578.83
532.08
582.06
511.25
475.73
461.62
445.67
610.93
365.88
411.23
441.46
628.72
620.74
631.33
503.20
470.38
517.28
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Paving and roofing materials
29
291
295
14.19
15.32
10.96
14.26
15.33
10.71
14.36
15.40
11.28
14.43
15.48
11.03
14.27 620.10
671.02
484.43
616.03
671.45
446.61
627.53
676.06
488.42
652.24
708.98
483.11
636.44
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Reclaimed rubber, and rubber and plastics hose
and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products
30
301
302
8.76
13.69
5.98
8.69
13.48
6.02
8.86
13.79
5.99
8.88
13.90
5.99
8.84 361.79
587.30
233.22
359.77
583.68
235.98
374.78
601.24
232.41
369.41
608.82
230.62
364.21
303,4
306
307
8.69
8.55
8.14
8.36
8.51
8.08
9.11
8.66
8.24
9.04
8.64
8.25
369.33
353.97
334.55
354.46
354.87
331.28
390.82
369.78
346.90
368.83
362.02
340.73
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods
31
311
314
3143
3144
316
317
5.90
7.64
5.61
5.98
5.33
6.19
5.72
5.86
7.46
5.60
5.96
5.37
6.19
5.66
5.98
7.87
5.68
6.10
5.38
6.21
5.84
6.04
7.87
5.79
6.16
5.54
6.30
5.69
6.03 217.71
309.42
202.52
213.49
193.48
237.08
212.21
217.41
300.64
205.52
214.56
201.91
226.55
207.16
227.84
325.82
213.00
230.58
203.36
243.43
217.25
225.29
321.88
213.07
229.15
205.53
234.36
208.82
226.13
11.63
11.59
11.71
11.67
11.76 455.90
452.01
459.03
451.63
460.99
Transportation and public utilities
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads3
4011
13.86
13.67
14.18
14.29
609.84
579.61
615.41
613.04
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity highway transportation
41
411
413
8.06
8.48
11.75
7.88
8.30
11.75
8.12
8.66
11.61
8.12
8.69
11.66
275.65
323.94
461.78
266.34
318.72
440.63
272.02
325.62
448.15
268.77
331.96
438.42
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and trucking terminals
Public warehousing
42
421,3
422
10.71
10.89
8.28
10.64
10.82
8.29
10.78
10.97
8.30
10.68
10.87
8.21
409.12
416.00
320.44
397.94
403.59
318.34
417.19
423.44
324.53
403.70
410.89
313.62
Pipe lines, except natural gas
46
15.14
15.29
15.40
15.34
632.85
678.88
637.56
648.88
See footnotes at end of table.
93
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services .
Electric services
Gas production and distribution ....
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
1972
SIC
Code
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
48
481
483
40.1
41.4
37.0
40.0
41.1
36.9
39.9
41.2
36.7
39.8
40.9
36.8
49
41.8
41.8
41.1
42.2
42.6
41.8
41.7
41.1
42.4
42.5
41.8
41.6
41.6
42.5
42.1
41.6
41.5
41.6
41.9
41.7
38.4
38.3
38.4
38.1
38.8
38.3
36.8
39.5
36.4
40.3
38.6
38.5
39.4
37.5
38.9
38.5
36.9
38.9
36.6
40.0
38.5
38.6
39.6
37.8
38.8
38.1
37.0
39.3
36.8
41.0
39.0
38.4
39.2
37.8
38.7
38.0
36.9
38.9
36.6
40.6
38.9
38.3
39.0
37.7
37.7
37.4
37.2
36.3
38.1
39.6
39.3
36.3
37.4
37.5
37.7
37.2
35.8
37.8
39.3
40.0
35.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
38.0
36.5
38.4
40.1
39.1
36.7
37.1
37.4
36.9
37.4
36.3
37.8
40.0
39.5
35.7
36.7
29.2
28.7
29.5
28.3
491
492
493
495
Wholesale trade .
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment.
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries ...
Apparel, piece goods, and notions ..
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products .
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages .
Miscellaneous nondurable goods ....
51
508
509
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519
Retail trade.
Building materials and garden supplies .
Lumber and other building materials ...
Hardware stores
52
521
525
36.4
38.4
32.8
35.8
37.6
32.4
36.5
38.3
33.1
36.2
38.3
32.2
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores .
53
531
533
539
28.3
28.1
29.3
29.5
26.8
26.6
27.8
28.5
29.7
29.5
31.4
30.8
26.4
26.1
28.3
28.2
Food stores
Grocery stores .
Retail bakeries.
54
541
546
30.0
30.2
28.6
29.6
29.8
28.3
29.7
29.9
27.6
29.2
29.5
26.7
Automotive dealers and service stations .
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
55
551,2
553
554
36.6
37.5
39.4
34.1
36.7
37.6
39.4
34.4
36.3
37.3
38.9
33.6
36.3
37.3
38.9
33.6
Apparel and accessory stores
,
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
ooo
566
26.9
29.8
25.5
27.1
27.6
26.4
29.4
25.2
26.1
26.9
27.8
31.0
26.3
28.2
28.6
25.7
29.3
24.3
25.0
27.0
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores
57
571
572
573
33.1
33.0
33.9
32.9
32.9
32.9
33.7
32.7
33.6
33.4
34.4
33.8
33.0
32.6
33.5
33.5
Eating and drinking places 4 ...
58
25.6
25.1
25.5
24.7
See footnotes at end of table.
94
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1987P
38.1
28.7
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Communication
Telephone communication
Radio and television broadcasting
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
1972
SIC
Code
48
481
483
49
491
492
493
495
Wholesale trade
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
$485.61 $481.20 $489.97 $485.96
531.16 521.56 538.07 532.52
402.93 404.42 402.60 395.60
$12.11 $12.03 $12.28 $12.21
13.02
13.06
12.69
12.83
10.75
10.97
10.96
10.89
13.38
13.46
12.53
15.58
9.70
13.16
13.20
12.32
15.33
9.57
13.52
13.75
12.82
15.38
9.70
13.47
13.67
12.77
15.25
10.00
559.28
562.63
514.98
657.48
413.22
550.09
550.44
506.35
649.99
406.73
565.14
572.00
533.31
653.65
408.37
560.35
567.31
531.23
638.98
417.00
9.35
9.28
9.47
9.48
$9.50 359.04
355.42
363.65
361.19
Durable goods
Motor vehicles and automotive equipment
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and construction materials
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment..
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Miscellaneous durable goods
50
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
9.48
8.45
8.57
8.94
9.76
10.22
9.81
8.97
10.07
7.56
9.39
8.43
8.43
8.74
9.57
10.22
9.74
8.84
9.97
7.57
9.60
8.58
8.70
9.03
9.66
10.29
10.01
9.10
10.21
7.56
9.60
8.58
8.62
9.03
9.76
10.26
9.99
9.16
10.22
7.53
367.82
323.64
315.38
353.13
355.26
411.87
378.67
345.35
396.76
283.50
365.27
324.56
311.07
339.99
350.26
408.80
374.99
341.22
394.81
286.15
372.48
326.90
321.90
354.88
355.49
421.89
390.39
349.44
400.23
285.77
371.52
326.04
318.08
351.27
357.22
416.56
388.61
350.83
398.58
283.88
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
51
511
512
513
514
516
517
518
519
9.15
9.89
10.52
8.85
9.19
11.49
9.68
10.89
7.51
9.12
9.95
10.25
8.94
9.16
11.47
9.80
10.63
7.46
9.27
9.79
10.64
9.00
9.32
11.86
9.69
11.10
7.63
9.31
9.73
10.61
9.27
9.39
11.93
9.71
10.85
7.68
344.96
369.89
391.34
321.26
350.14
455.00
380.42
395.31
280.87
342.00
375.12
381.30
320.05
346.25
450.77
392.00
379.49
276.77
350.41
369.08
404.32
328.50
357.89
475.59
378.88
407.37
283.07
348.19
359.04
396.81
338.50
354.94
477.20
383.55
387.35
281.86
6.02
6.03
6.05
6.07
175.78
173.06
178.48
171.78
Retail trade
Feb.
1987P
6.06
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Hardware stores
52
521
525
6.81
7.14
5.77
6.80
7.14
5.77
6.91
7.24
5.79
6.96
7.26
5.88
247.88
274.18
189.26
243.44
268.46
186.95
252.22
277.29
191.65
251.95
278.06
189.34
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores
53
531
533
539
6.33
6.61
4.71
4.87
6.13
6.38
4.65
4.88
6.42
6.72
4.83
4.83
6.34
6.62
4.71
5.00
179.14
185.74
138.00
143.67
164.28
169.71
129.27
139.08
190.67
198.24
151.66
148.76
167.38
172.78
133.29
141.00
Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries
54
541
546
7.03
7.22
5.48
7.26
7.47
5.43
6.88
7.07
5.61
6.92
7.07
5.58
210.90
218.04
156.73
214.90
222.61
153.67
204.34
211.39
154.84
202.06
208.57
148.99
Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
55
551,2
553
554
7.61
9.32
6.53
5.43
7.45
9.03
6.56
5.38
7.65
9.32
6.57
5.49
7.46
8.98
6.57
5.46
278.53
349.50
257.28
185.16
273.42
339.53
258.46
185.07
277.70
347.64
255.57
184.46
270.80
334.95
255.57
183.46
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing and furnishings
Women's ready-to-wear stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
5.36
6.25
5.08
5.32
5.35
5.36
6.37
5.06
5.40
5.23
5.39
6.23
5.12
5.29
5.42
5.46
6.46
5.15
5.58
5.25
144.18
186.25
129.54
144.17
147.66
141.50
187.28
127.51
140.94
140.69
149.84
193.13
134.66
149.18
155.01
140.32
189.28
125.15
139.50
141.75
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and music stores
57
571
572
573
7.30
7.33
7.38
7.21
7.13
7.28
7.61
6.73
7.46
7.46
7.37
7.49
7.47
7.51
7.47
7.42
241.63
241.89
250.18
237.21
234.58
239.51
256.46
220.07
250.66
249.16
253.53
253.16
246.51
244.83
250.25
248.57
Eating and drinking places4
58
4.35
4.36
4.40
4.41
111.36
109.44
112.20
108.93
$361.95
173.92
See footnotes at end of table.
95
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed
Industry—Continued
1972
SIC
Code
Industry
Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee
Finance, insurance, and real estate
59
591
594
596
598
599
5
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987"
30.4
28.4
28.7
33.0
38.7
32.1
30.0
28.4
28.3
32.6
39.7
31.3
31.2
28.6
30.0
35.1
39.9
32.8
29.7
27.7
28.0
32.5
39.5
31.0
36.5
36.4
36.6
36.5
Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks
60
602
36.4
36.4
36.3
36.3
36.4
36.4
36.3
36.4
Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions
61
612
614
37.6
36.6
37.6
37.1
36.6
37.3
37.2
36.2
37.5
37.1
36.5
37.2
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
63
631
632
633
37.6
37.0
38.0
37.5
37.8
37.4
38.2
37.9
37.5
37.1
38.3
37.2
37.5
37.2
38.4
37.1
32.5
32.4
32.4
32.2
Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4
701
30.8
29.4
30.2
29.5
Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
721
723
34.0
29.8
33.6
29.5
34.4
30.4
34.0
29.3
Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services
73
731
734
737
33.5
36.3
2a5
38.2
33.5
35.8
28.6
38.3
33.5
36.1
28.3
38.0
33.1
35.8
27.9
37.8
Auto repair, services, and garages
75
753
37.5
38.7
37.3
38.3
37.4
38.7
37.1
38.4
76
38.0
38.3
37.9
37.5
78
781
28.0
35.5
28.9
37.5
27.9
34.6
27.8
34.6
79
28.7
28.2
28.6
28.1
80
801
802
805
806
32.4
30.9
28.0
31.4
34.3
32.6
30.9
28.6
31.5
34.5
32.4
31.0
28.1
31.5
34.1
32.3
30.9
28.0
31.4
34.1
81
34.7
34.8
34.8
34.6
89
891
893
38.7
39.6
37.9
38.8
39.6
38.4
38.3
39.6
37.0
38.4
39.2
37.8
Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Legal services
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
See footnotes at end of table.
Average overtime hours
Average weekly hours
Feb.
1987P
36.7
32.3
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by detailed
Industry—Continued
Industry
Retail trade—Continued
Miscellaneous retail
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ....
Nonstore retailers
Fuel and ice dealers
Retail stores, nee
1972
SIC
Code
59
591
594
596
598
599
Finance, insurance, and real estate5
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
Jan.
1987P
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
$186.05
159.89
164.16
229.35
338.63
202.55
$182.10
157.90
160.46
218.09
354.52
195.31
$191.26
162.45
169.20
247.10
359.90
205.66
$186.22
159.28
162.12
232.05
359.85
199.95
$6.12
5.63
5.72
6.95
8.75
6.31
$6.07
5.56
5.67
6.69
8.93
6.24
$6.13
5.68
5.64
7.04
9.02
6.27
$6.27
5.75
5.79
7.14
9.11
6.45
8.34
8.14
8.46
8.58
$8.73 304.41
296.30
309.64
313.17
Banking
Commercial and stock savings banks
60
602
7.18
6.99
6.83
7.31
7.07
7.36
7.12
261.35
254.44
253.74
247.93
266.08
257.35
267.17
259.17
Credit agencies other than banks
Savings and loan associations
Personal credit institutions
61
612
614
7.64
7.18
7.27
7.45
6.93
7.24
7.79
7.37
7.35
7.84
7.33
7.41
287.26
262.79
273.35
276.40
253.64
270.05
289.79
266.79
275.63
290.86
267.55
275.65
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
63
631
632
633
9.09
8.62
9.08
9.42
8.80
8.29
8.93
9.13
9.27
8.83
9.30
9.57
9.35
8.84
9.35
9.68
341.78
318.94
345.04
353.25
332.64
310.05
341.13
346.03
347.63
327.59
356.19
356.00
350.63
328.85
359.04
359.13
8.16
8.12
8.31
8.36
8.40 265.20
263.09
269.24
269.19
Services
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels, motels, and tourist courts4
701
5.97
6.02
6.18
6.17
183.88
176.99
186.64
182.02
Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops4
721
723
5.99
6.16
5.92
6.15
6.10
6.22
6.07
6.10
203.66
183.57
198.91
181.43
209.84
189.09
206.38
178.73
Business services
Advertising
Services to buildings
Computer and data processing services
73
731
734
737
8.43
11.31
6.47
11.61
8.37
10.96
6.39
11.43
8.47
11.25
6.48
11.73
8.58
11.23
6.48
11.82
282.41
410.55
184.40
443.50
280.40
392.37
182.75
437.77
283.75
406.13
183.38
445.74
284.00
402.03
180,79
446.80
Auto repair, services, and garages
75
753
7.58
8.17
7.53
8.17
7.71
8.30
7.71
8.31
284.25
316.18
280.87
312.91
288.35
321.21
286.04
319.10
76
8.84
8.80
8.94
8.93
335.92
337.04
338.83
334.88
Automotive repair shops
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services ..
Amusement and recreation services
78
781
12.40
16.98
13.54
18.47
12.96
17.30
12.53
16.61
347.20
602.79
391.31
692.63
361.58
598.58
348.33
574.71
79
6.80
7.36
7.21
7.25
195.16
207.55
206.21
203.73
Health services
Offices of physicians
Offices of dentists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
80
801
802
805
806
8.33
8.19
8.27
5.79
9.36
8.22
8.08
8.16
5.75
9.21
8.44
8.29
8.36
5.83
9.54
8.50
8.32
8.37
5.86
9.62
269.89
253.07
231.56
181.81
321.05
267.97
249.67
233.38
181.13
317.75
273.46
256.99
234.92
183.65
325.31
274.55
257.09
234.36
184.00
328.04
Legal services
81
11.18
10.80
11.45
11.59
387.95
375.84
398.46
401.01
Miscellaneous services
Engineering and architectural services ...
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
89
891
893
11.71
12.66
9.85
11.49
12.60
9.51
11.88
12.78
10.03
11.84
12.84
9.93
453.18
501.34
373.32
445.81
498.96
365.18
455.00
506.09
371.11
454.66
503.33
375.35
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
See table C-2a for average hourly earnings in the aircraft industry (SIC
3721).
3
Data relate to line haul railroads with operating revenues of
$50,000,000 or more.
4
Money payments only; tips, not included.
Feb.
1987P
$320.39
271.32
5
Data for nonoffice sales agents are excluded from all series in this
division.
- Data not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.
97
A Note on Average Hourly Earnings
in Aircraft Manufacturing
For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' average
hourly earnings series for production workers in 'aircraft
manufacturing (sic 3721) has been used to escalate labor costs
in contracts between aircraft companies and their customers.
Although the Bureau's series by definition takes account of
traditional wage rate changes, it does not capture "lump-sum
payments to workers in lieu of general wage increases" which
were negotiated in aircraft manufacturers' collective bargaining agreements beginning in late 1983.
As a service to aircraft companies and other interested parties,
BLS has calculated an average hourly earnings series for sic 3721
which includes lump-sum payments. This series is presented in
table C-2a along with the average hourly earnings series produced as part of the Current Employment Statistics program. The
series begins in October 1983, the effective date of the first aircraft bargaining agreement using lump-sum payments.
The general practice in the industry has been to make this
payment at the beginning of the contract year "in lieu of a
wage increase" and to base the amount of the payment on the
workers' earnings during the preceding year. As a result, the
Bureau considered three approaches to the method for
calculating an average hourly earnings series which includes
lump-sum payments:
1. The entire payment could be included in the month in
which the payment was made.
2. The payments could be prorated backward to payroll
periods used to determine the amount of the lump-sum
payment.
3. The payments could be prorated forward as an advance
payment for payroll periods in the year following the
payment.
The first approach, attractive because it includes the payment in the month in which it is received by the worker, creates
1-month "spikes" and a series which would not be useful for
escalation purposes. The second approach, which prorates the
payments backward, places emphasis on the determination of
the amount of the payment from workers' earnings in the
previous year. This approach generally relates the payments to
the workers who receive them. However, the Bureau has
received statements from both union and company officials
who negotiated the agreements covering a majority of the
workers in the industry. These statements make clear that the
intent of the bargainers was to make an advance payment for
the upcoming contract year in lieu of an increase in wage rates
for that following year.
Because BLS has a longstanding policy of leaving the interpretation of collective bargaining agreements to the parties involved,
the Bureau calculated the inclusion of lump-sum payments using
the third method, prorating the payments forward through the
years covered by the contract. Because the payments prorated forward under this approach may include payments to workers no
longer on the payroll, data provided by the aircraft companies
have been used to adjust for this difference.
Lump-sum payments are but one of several recent changes
in the way that employees are compensated. The changes are
widespread and they differ by industry. Because of these
developments, the Bureau plans to conduct a broad-based
review of all concepts and definitions used in its earnings and
wage programs to determine the proper treatment of lumpsum payments and other new compensation practices.
C-2a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft manufacturing (SIC 3721)
Year
Annual
average
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
$13.04
13.35
13.52
$12.83
13.05
13.37
13.66
$12.93
13.13
13.48
13.64
$13.26
13.54
14.12
$12.92
13.28
13.57
14.23
$13.03
13.37
13.68
14.19
Average hourly earnings, excluding lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985 ..
1986
1987
$12.91
13.18
13.48
$12.82
13.01
13.38
p
13.60
$12.88
13.12
13.44
$12.85
13.11
13.46
$12.81
13.04
13.46
$12.78
13.06
13.38
$12.87
13.11
13.42
$12.89
13.05
13.41
$12.87
13.16
13.43
$12.97
13.26
13.48
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum payments
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
$13.11
13.40
13.78
$12.95
13.26
13.58
p
14.13
$13.02
13.36
13.64
$13.02
13.33
13.66
$12.98
13.26
13.66
$12.97
13.27
13.58
$13.06
13.33
13.63
$13.11
13.29
13.61
$13.09
13.39
13.63
$13.19
13.48
13.68
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Industry
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products ...
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate
of time and one-half.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
Avg.
1986
Feb.
1986
Dec.
1986
$9.33
$9.33
$9.41
$9.44
9.87
8.02
7.21
9.49
11.37
9.47
9.88
8.07
7.12
9.45
11.39
9.45
10.11
9.29
12.21
9.11
7.29
9.94
8.00
7.30
9.64
11.31
9.56
9.96
7.98
7.31
9.66
11.27
9.58
10.16
9.47
12.33
9.24
7.45
10.17
9.55
8.67
8.48
12.65
6.75
5.71
10.62
9.74
8.71
8.52
12.83
6.76
5.75
10.58
9.81
11.65
13.76
8.48
5.90
10.15
9.35
12.22
9.17
7.34
8.57
8.33
12.55
6.62
5.69
10.55
9.61
11.47
13.50
8.38
5.78
8.53
8.35
12.23
6.55
5.67
10.44
9.52
11.35
13.58
8.32
5.75
11.66
13.66
8.45
5.83
Jan.
1987P
12.33
9.30
7.50
Feb.
1987P
$9.45
9.97
ft
0
ft
ft
ft2
()
o
ft
2
$8.71
ft
0
ft
0
8ft
ft
ft
ft
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected
from March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark
data are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are
subject to revision.
99
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers'on private
nonagricultural payrolls by major Industry, In current and constant (1977) dollars.
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Industry
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
$8.75
4.91
$8.72
4.88
$8.83
4.92
$8.87
4.91
$8.89
Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
12.45
6.99
12.24
6.85
12.60
7.02
12.62
6.99
$12.51
Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
12.42
6.97
12.34
6.91
12.70
7.08
12.53
6.94
$12.48
Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
9.73
5.46
9.70
5.43
9.84
5.48
9.83
5.45
$9.85
11.63
6.53
11.59
6.49
11.71
6.53
11.67
6.46
$11.76
Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
9.35
5.24
9.28
5.20
9.47
5.28
9.48
5.25
$9.50
Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
6.02
3.38
6.03
3.37
6.05
3.37
6.07
3.36
$6.06
Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
8.34
4.68
8.14
4.55
8.46
4.71
8.58
4.75
$8.73
Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
8.16
4.58
8.12
4.55
8.31
4.63
8.36
4.63
$8.40
Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
100
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Avg.
1986
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Feb.
1987P
$304.50 $302.58 $308.17 $305.13 $307.59
170.88 169.32 171.78 168.95
526.64
295.53
543.46
304.12
536.76
299.20
535.09
296.28
$531.68
465.75
261.36
459.05
256.88
468.63
261.22
467.37
258.79
$459.26
396.01
222.23
394.79
220.92
409.34
228.17
401.06
222.07
$400.90
455.90
255.84
452.01
252.94
459.03
255.87
451.63
250.07
$460.99
359.04
201.48
355.42
198.89
363.65
202.70
361.19
199.99
$361.95
175.78
98.64
173.06
96.84
178.48
99.49
171.78
95.12
$173.92
304.41
170.82
296.30
165.81
309.64
172.60
313.17
173.41
$320.39
265.20
148.82
263.09
147.22
269.24
150.08
269.19
149.05
$271.32
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage* Earners and
Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.
Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced all unadjusted data from April 1985 forward are subject to
revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-5. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls
by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1987
1986
Industry
Feb.
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
May
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan."
Feb.p
34.8
34.8
34.7
34.7
34.8
34.7
34.7
34.8
34.6
34.8
35.0
0
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
0
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
40.9
3.6
41.6
3.6
40.7
40.0
43.0
42.7
42.7
41.5
41.9
40.9
42.3
43.2
41.2
41.2
3.6
41.8
3.7
41.0
40.0
43.3
42.6
41.9
41.7
42.1
41.3
42.7
43.7
41.2
ft
ft
40.3
3.5
40.1
40.7
3.4
41.4
3.5
40.0
39.7
41.9
42.1
41.8
41.5
41.6
40.9
42.7
43.4
41.2
39.7
3.2
39.8
40.7
3.4
41.4
3.6
40.2
39.4
41.9
41.9
41.7
41.4
41.6
41.0
42.7
43.3
41.3
40.7
3.4
41.3
3.6
40.3
39.1
42.4
41.3
40.5
41.2
41.8
41.1
42.1
41.9
41.3
40.7
3.4
41.2
3.4
40.3
39.4
42.3
41.7
41.5
41.1
41.8
41.0
41.9
41.8
40.9
ft
ft
ft
0
39.8
3.2
39.9
39.9
3.3
40.2
2
()
41.3
36.9
43.0
38.0
41.9
43.6
39.9
3.4
40.2
39.8
3.2
40.0
ft
ft
40.6
36.3
43.5
38.0
41.8
43.7
40.7
36.5
43.5
38.0
41.9
43.8
ft
ft
Wholesale trade
38.4
29.3
Finance, insurance, and real estate
ft
Services
32.6
ft
40.6
3.3
41.2
3.5
39.9
39.4
42.2
41.6
41.1
41.1
41.7
41.0
42.2
42.4
41.0
ft
41.1
36.5
43.2
38.0
42.0
43.4
40.8
36.5
43.1
37.8
41.9
44.0
40.7
3.5
41.3
3.6
40.3
39.8
42.3
42.3
42.3
41.2
41.6
40.9
42.1
42.1
41.1
40.8
3.5
41.4
3.6
40.7
39.6
41.9
42.4
42.5
41.4
41.7
41.0
42.3
42.6
41.2
40.8
3.5
41.3
3.6
40.4
39.6
42.1
42.5
42.7
41.1
41.5
41.0
42.1
42.6
41.3
ft
ft
ft
ft
40.0
3.4
40.3
39.9
3.4
39.8
40.1
3.5
40.0
40.1
3.5
40.1
3.5
39.8
40.1
0
39.9
3.3
39.7
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
0
40.9
36.6
43.2
37.9
41.9
43.5
41.4
36.5
43.5
38.0
41.9
37.0
43.4
41.8
38.1
42.5
43.8
38.1
42.2
43.6
37.8
42.3
45.5
42.2
37.5
43.6
38.1
42.5
45.2
ft
ft
ft
ft
41.5
36.7
43.0
38.0
42.2
43.7
41.5
36.9
43.2
42.1
44.3
41.6
36.7
43.0
38.0
42.0
43.4
0
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
39.1
38.9
39.1
39.3
39.0
39.1
39.5
38.2
38.4
38.3
38.2
38.3
38.5
38.4
29.2
29.2
29.1
29.3
28.9
28.9
29.4
40.6
3.4
41.1
3.5
40.1
39.4
42.2
41.3
41.2
41.1
41.4
41.1
42.1
42.4
40.8
40.8
3.5
41.4
3.5
40.2
39.9
42.5
41.9
41.5
41.2
41.7
41.2
42.6
42.8
41.0
40.8
3.5
41.4
3.6
40.1
40.0
42.5
42.0
41.6
41.5
41.7
41.2
42.6
42.7
40.7
ft
ft
39.8
3.4
40.0
ft
ft
36.9
43.6
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
39.6
39.2
39.2
39.1
39.2
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.3
29.3
29.2
29.2
29.1
29.2
0
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
32.5
32.5
32.4
32.4
32.4
32.3
32.4
32.5
32.4
32.4
32.5
32.5
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular
June
34.9
39.5
1
Apr.
34.9
Transportation and public utilities
Retail trade
Mar.
components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are
subject to revision.
101
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervlsory workers
payrolls by major Industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
1
on private nonagricultural
(1977=100)
1987
Industry
p
Feb.p
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Total private
117.5
117.4
117.8
117.7
117.3
117.9
118.4
118.3
118.6
119.3
119.0
119.8
121.1
Goods-producing
98.8
98.5
99.4
98.8
98.0
98.1
98.9
98.7
98.5
98.8
99.0
100.3
100.9
99.3
95.0
90.2
85.3
83.4
83.7
83.0
81.2
82.1
81.1
81.4
79.9
81.6
126.3
126.6
133.7
132.6
130.3
132.2
134.0
134.2
133.0
131.8
132.2
139.9
138.6
93.5
93.3
93.2
92.9
92.4
92.2
92.9
92.7
92.6
93.3
93.4
93.6
94.5
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
92.1
98.1
104.9
87.4
66.8
55.1
90.6
89.6
103.2
97.9
89.4
105.8
82.4
91.7
98.6
104.4
87.4
65.6
53.6
90.2
89.3
102.9
97.1
88.4
106.1
81.8
91.5
99.3
103.6
89.2
64.7
51.8
90.1
89.4
103.0
95.6
85.3
106.1
81.6
91.0
99.3
104.9
88.8
64.8
52.6
89.4
88.9
102.8
94.2
83.4
104.5
81.2
90.3
98.5
104.9
88.2
62.7
51.6
88.9
88.3
100.6
94.9
84.5
104.5
81.7
89.9
98.7
105.2
87.9
61.8
51.7
88.1
87.0
102.7
93.9
82.5
103.5
80.1
90.7
99.9
107.1
88.1
61.9
49.0
88.5
87.5
103.2
95.9
84.8
104.5
80.1
90.5
100.5
107.6
88.3
61.8
48.4
89.4
85.8
102.9
95.9
84.4
103.5
79.9
90.1
101.4
107.3
87.3
62.2
49.7
88.6
85.3
102.3
94.9
82.1
104.2
79.9
90.6
103.3
106.3
86.7
62.6
49.3
89.0
85.1
102.9
96.3
84.6
103.9
81.3
90.5
103.2
106.5
87.7
62.9
49.5
88.8
84.6
102.9
95.6
84.1
104.5
82.5
90.8
104.3
107.9
89.9
62.0
48.0
89.4
85.7
102.3
95.1
84.3
104.2
83.3
91.9
105.5
108.2
91.1
64.1
53.2
89.8
86.9
103.5
96.5
86.4
103.9
83.5
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
95.5
98.2
82.8
77.3
85.5
102.0
127.0
93.3
81.0
112.1
95.7
98.4
85.4
77.8
85.4
102.0
127.4
93.4
80.4
112.7
95.8
99.1
81.6
78.4
86.6
101.0
127.8
93.2
80.1
111.8
95.7
99.5
82.1
78.4
85.2
101.7
127.8
92.9
79.7
111.8
95.6
99.9
79.5
77.9
84.8
101.7
127.6
93.2
80.8
111.7
95.7
99.8
81.5
78.5
85.3
101.5
128.7
93.2
79.1
110.5
96.1
100.1
72.2
79.6
85.0
101.6
128.6
94.0
81.3
112.6
96.0
98.9
76.6
79.6
85.6
101.2
128.9
93.4
78.9
113.4
96.3
99.0
77.5
79.9
85.9
102.0
129.7
93.7
79.4
113.5
97.2
100.6
78.9
80.7
86.4
102.7
130.2
94.6
79.6
114.8
97.6
100.1
78.4
81.7
87.6
103.7
130.8
93.4
79.3
115.2
97.6
100.6
76.9
81.8
87.0
103.4
130.1
94.1
82.7
115.3
98.2
100.9
72.6
83.1
87.9
103.6
131.0
94.6
83.0
115.4
61.3
60.9
58.5
57.5
56.8
56.4
56.9
56.6
56.8
57.5
58.9
59.2
61.1
132.2
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
129.2
129.2
129.7
130.7
130.1
130.6
106.7
105.7
106.6
107.3
108.6
108.2
108.7
110.0
119.0
119.8
120.2
119.3
119.8
119.5
119.2
119.6
120.3
118.5
118.4
119.1
119.3
119.6
119.7
120.8
119.2
119.8
122.7
135.4
135.8
137.6
137.8
139.1
138.7
139.7
141.1
140.7
141.2
142.3
144.2
144.8
145.2
145.9
146.4
146.0
146.8
147.9
148.2
148.4
149.7
127.8
127.9
108.0
108.2
106.8
106.8
104.3
119.8
120.1
120.6
120.2
118.3
118.4
118.1
135.4
135.6
143.7
143.5
127.8
128.2
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p
= preliminary.
102
128.0
128.9
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from
March 1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are
introduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are
subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-7. The Hourly Earnings Index and average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers 1
on private nonagrlcultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted
1987
1986
Industry
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
p
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
170.8
170.6
170.6
Feb.p
Hourly Earnings lndex2(1977=100)
Total private (in current dollars)
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Total private (in constant dollars)4
168.2
168.5
168.4
0
0
ft
149.7
171.3
169.6
149.2
171.8
170.2
(3)
157.4
150.6
172.0
169.3
0
157.3
0
3
()
170.0
171.4
169.2
168.9
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
151.0
172.5
170.1
151.4
172.5
170.7
(3)
157.8
150.8
172.7
170.3
151.3
172.9
170.1
151.2
172.8
170.8
152.6
173.1
170.9
154.0
173.2
171.2
153.9
173.5
171.2
151.7
173.5
171.1
151.4
174.1
172.8
157.7
158.5
159.1
159.1
159.3
159.3
158.1
158.3
0
(3)
157.3
169.6
168.7
157.2
0
ft
ft
ft
ft
169.3
ft
ft
ft
0
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
173.1
174.0
173.1
173.4
174.3
173.4
174.3
174.4
175.3
176.6
175.8
176.8
178.2
94.4
95.0
95.3
95.3
95.2
95.0
95.1
94.9
95.0
95.3
95.0
94.3
ft
$8.71
$8.73
$8.72
$8.73
$8.74
$8.73
$8.77
$8.76
$8.80
$8.84
$8.82
$8.83
$8.87
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
Average hourly earnings
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
$12.29 $12.23 $12.34 $12.38 $12.43 $12.40 $12.43 $12.43 $12.53 $12.65 $12.62 $12.43 $12.42
9.83
9.78
9.78
9.68
9.71
9.77
9.72
9.73
9.77
9.70
9.68
9.76
9.74
11.75
11.65
11.64
11.62
11.63
11.67
11.62
11.62
11.65
11.68
11.58
11.62
11.64
9.48
9.43
9.41
9.34
9.35
9.39
9.29
9.31
9.36
9.47
9.27
9.37
9.35
6.01
6.07
6.03
5.99
6.00
6.05
5.99
6.00
6.01
6.07
5.99
6.03
6.05
8.65
8.44
8.54
8.21
8.40
8.41
8.31
8.33
8.27
8.56
8.28
8.41
8.37
8.34
8.24
8.29
8.11
8.17
8.21
8.12
8.12
8.16
8.28
8.11
8.16
8.17
Average weekly earnings
Total private:
In current dollars
In constant (1977) dollars 4 .
303.98 304.68 303.46 303.80 303.28 302.93 305.20 303.97 305.36 307.63 305.17 307.28 310.45
169.96
170.58 171.84 171.83 171.54 170.57 170.38 171.46 170.20 170.69 171.57 170.01
ft
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Excludes the effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to
underlying wage rate movements: Fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing
and interindustry employment shifts.
3
These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular
components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
4
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series.
5
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March
1985 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1982 forward are subject to
revision.
103
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas
State and area
Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile
Alaska
Average weekly hours
Jan.
Jan.
Dec.
1986
1986
1987P
41.1
41.1
41.9
42.0
41.6
41.8
40.9
42.0
41.9
35.6
38.5
33.8
Average hourly earnings
Jan.
Jan.
Dec.
1986
1986
1987P
$8.71
$8.74
$8.71
8.90
8.73
8.75
10.33
10.38
10.17
12.41
12.87
13.45
Average weekly earnings
Jan.
Dec.
Jan.
1986
1986
1987P
$364.95
$359.21
$357.98
373.80
363.17
365.75
422.50
435.96
426.12
495.50
478.82
419.46
Arizona
40.8
41.4
40.5
9.61
10.04
9.99
392.09
415.66
404.60
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
40.2
39.3
40.1
41.1
41.8
40.1
41.3
42.2
42.6
41.7
46.6
41.1
41.0
40.6
41.2
40.8
44.0
39.8
7.71
6.84
8.28
8.29
9.92
10.31
7.95
7.10
8.06
8.45
11.95
10.58
7.83
7.01
8.08
8.32
10.79
10.61
309.94
268.81
332.03
340.72
414.66
413.43
328.34
299.62
343.36
352.37
556.87
434.84
321.03
284.61
332.90
339.46
474.76
422.28
Delaware
Wilmington
39.3
39.9
42.2
40.4
42.7
41.7
41.6
41.6
43.6
41.4
41.3
41.1
41.9
42.4
41.9
42.7
43.0
41.8
39.8
43.2
42.3
42.4
38.0
37.5
42.3
41.7
42.7
43.0
41.3
39.8
44.2
42.8
43.2
9.59
10.55
9.81
10.18
10.18
10.24
9.47
10.06
8.45
10.36
11.88
9.97
11.02
10.23
10.65
10.60
10.70
9.94
11.22
8.73
10.60
12.55
9.81
10.77
10.29
10.63
10.59
10.68
10.00
11.24
8.78
11.41
13.56
376.89
420.95
413.98
411.27
434.69
427.01
393.95
418.50
368.42
428.90
490.64
409.77
461.74
433.75
446.23
452.62
460.10
415.49
446.56
377.14
448.38
532.12
372.78
403.88
435.27
443.27
452.19
459.24
413.00
447.35
388.08
488.35
585.79
District of Columbia:
Washington MSA
38.0
38.8
38.8
10.13
10.44
10.51
384.94
405.07
407.79
40.7
40.2
41.3
40.4
39.0
42.3
41.1
39.7
40.9
41.1
40.8
43.5
37.4
38.1
38.2
42.1
43.7
41.9
40.7
40.8
41.9
44.2
41.5
44.3
41.6
41.7
45.8
39.7
39.5
38.3
40.8
41.4
41.5
39.5
39.2
41.6
42.6
40.2
41.1
40.6
40.0
42.4
37.7
37.7
37.8
8.02
7.69
8.26
7.65
6.89
8.27
9.75
7.57
8.59
8.28
10.01
10.50
8.88
9.00
9.53
8.13
7.98
9.00
7.89
7.09
8.53
10.23
7.56
9.00
8.44
10.36
10.81
9.05
9.30
9.73
8.02
7.83
8.59
7.67
7.02
8.36
9.89
7.52
8.62
8.39
10.37
10.38
9.30
9.57
9.81
326.41
309.14
341.14
309.06
268.71
349.82
400.73
300.53
351.33
340.31
408.41
456.75
332.11
342.90
364.05
342.27
348.73
377.10
321.12
289.27
357.41
452.17
313.74
398.70
351.10
432.01
495.10
359.29
367.35
372.66
327.22
324.16
356.49
302.97
275.18
347.78
421.31
302.30
354.28
340.63
414.80
440.11
350.61
360.79
370.82
40.7
38.1
40.0
39.8
41.7
40.1
41.2
41.2
38.4
42.8
43.3
42.8
40.5
41.6
41.9
41.5
41.9
42.2
40.8
40.6
42.7
42.6
40.7
41.2
44.1
41.7
41.3
42.1
40.0
39.3
41.9
39.9
40.7
40.7
41.1
39.9
41.4
44.0
40.6
10.53
9.89
10.68
9.36
10.25
12.53
13.45
11.34
10.18
9.97
12.77
11.16
11.48
10.73
10.13
10.67
9.48
10.59
12.08
13.88
11.83
10.11
10.93
12.85
11.08
12.03
10.77
10.12
10.84
9.47
10.57
12.05
13.80
11.70
10.10
10.83
12.79
11.29
11.73
428.57
376.81
427.20
372.53
427.43
502.45
554.14
467.21
390.91
426.72
552.94
477.65
464.94
446.37
424.45
442.81
397.21
446.90
492.86
563.53
505.14
430.69
444.85
529.42
488.63
501.65
444.80
426.05
433.60
372.17
442.88
480.80
561.66
476.19
415.11
432.12
529.51
496.76
476.24
California
Denver
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
Florida
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah
Hawaii
Honolulu
Idaho
Illinois
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
See footnotes at end of table.
104
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls In States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Jan.
198?
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
/ Jan.
Dec.
Jan.
1987P
Indiana.
41.4
42.3
41.8
$10.87
$10.88
$10.95
$450.02
$460.22
$457.71
Iowa
Cedar Rapids.
Des Moines ...
Dubuque
Sioux City
40.6
41.8
40.1
40.4
41.0
41.6
43.4
39.5
41.7
39.4
41.0
40.4
41.4
41.1
39.9
10.39
11.18
11.59
11.85
8.34
10.24
11.57
10.98
9.32
8.58
10.13
11.39
11.18
9.16
8.60
421.83
467.32
464.76
478.74
341.94
425.98
502.14
433.71
388.64
338.05
415.33
460.16
462.85
376.48
343.14
Kansas....
Topeka..
Wichita.
40.3
42.1
39.1
41.0
40.2
41.4
40.5
41.1
38.8
9.63
11.48
9.97
10.06
10.69
10.98
9.97
10.95
10.74
388.09
483.31
389.83
412.46
429.74
454.57
403.79
450.05
416.71
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette.,
Louisville
39.1
36.9
40.6
40.5
38.5
42.6
40.0
37.4
40.7
9.55
10.46
10.65
10.01
10.24
11.12
9.70
10.53
11.09
373.41
385.97
432.39
405.41
394.24
473.71
388.00
393.82
451.36
Louisiana
Baton Rouge .
New Orleans..
Shreveport
41.6
42.2
40.6
39.9
42.9
41.5
42.0
44.0
41.2
41.4
40.7
40.7
10.51
12.54
10.61
10.92
10.66
12.37
10.54
12.06
10.74
12.26
10.74
11.33
437.22
529.19
430.77
435.71
457.31
513.36
442.68
530.64
442.49
507.56
437.12
461.13
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn..
Portland
40.4
38.5
38.7
41.5
40.2
40.0
40.9
39.6
39.1
8.57
6.93
9.03
8.77
7.38
9.31
8.78
7.27
9.31
346.23
266.81
349.46
363.96
296.68
372.40
359.10
287.89
364.02
Maryland
Baltimore MSA
Massachusetts
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Lawrence-Haverhill.
Lowell
New Bedford
Springfield
Worcester
39.9
41.1
41.8
42.7
41.0
9.89
10.43
10.10
10.80
10.14
10.72
394.61
428.67
422.18
461.16
413.71
439.52
41.5
40.3
41.5
41.0
40.4
40.2
9.02
9.85
O
9.50
10.37
9.50
10.25
(1)
01
374.33
396.96
0
0
394.25
425.17
0)
41.7
40.1
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
0
01
1
)
8
412.05
(1)
0
O1
()
8
9.00
9.52
373.63
372.13
386.01
390.46
383.40
381.75
12.90
14.33
14.04
13.84
14.74
10.92
10.23
11.93
14.14
11.62
14.26
557.27
609.68
551.86
609.68
654.46
441.72
422.84
517.10
610.63
462.58
638.48
561.11
650.98
595.21
619.17
632.18
448.27
439.72
530.27
631.27
492.15
610.34
552.12
669.21
609.34
603.42
633.82
443.35
441.94
512.99
610.85
489.20
620.31
421.25
353.76
454.81
345.60
I
()
42.6
40.1
43.3
44.6
41.0
44.6
44.4
40.9
41.7
43.6
42.2
40.9
44.9
42.7
40.8
43.7
46.3
43.1
44.9
43.3
41.7
42.9
44.3
44.3
42.1
44.1
O1
()
8.96
9.28
42.8
46.7
43.4
43.6
43.0
40.6
43.2
43.0
43.2
42.1
43.5
12.87
13.67
13.46
13.67
14.74
10.80
10.14
11.86
14.47
11.31
14.22
O
9.04
9.57
12.84
14.06
13.81
13.79
14.60
10.75
10.25
11.97
14.25
11.69
13.84
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-St. Paul.
St. Cloud
40.5
36.8
40.8
40.0
41.4
37.5
41.5
38.7
40.7
33.0
40.9
38.4
10.21
10.66
11.00
9.53
10.25
10.74
10.96
9.03
10.35
10.72
11.12
9.00
413.51
392.29
448.80
381.20
Mississippi.
Jackson ...
Missouri
Kansas City.
St. Joseph...
St. Louis
Springfield...
40.4
40.7
40.8
40.9
40.1
40.1
7.37
8.29
7.58
8.57
7.59
8.57
297.75
337.40
424.35
402.75
454.84
349.46
309.26
350.51
40.8
40.3
39.8
41.4
37.6
41.5
41.8
38.8
42.3
42.8
39.6
41.1
40.7
40.7
39.3
9.84
11.15
9.50
11.35
9.05
9.75
11.31
9.45
11.29
8.60
9.87
11.42
9.81
11.34
8.62
401.47
449.35
378.10
469.89
340.28
404.63
472.76
366.66
477.57
368.08
390.85
469.36
399.27
461.54
338.77
Montana
39.3
38.7
38.7
10.95
10.73
10.73
430.34
415.25
415.25
()
()
304.36
343.66
See footnotes at end of table.
105
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls In States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Average hourly earnings
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Average weekly earnings
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
40.3
39.0
40.1
40.7
41.8
40.2
41.1
41.0
40.4
$9.20
9.61
9.76
$9.34
9.85
10.08
$9.43
9.76
10.17
$370.76
374.79
391.38
$380.14
411.73
405.22
$387.57
400.16
410.87
Nevada
Las Vegas .
39.7
39.5
41.6
40.7
40.2
40.6
9.16
11.16
9.63
11.45
9.63
11.82
363.65
440.82
400.61
466.02
387.13
479.89
New Hampshire.
Nashua
New Jersey
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon..
Newark
Trenton
41.0
41.1
42.5
43.7
41.7
42.4
8.59
10.26
9.04
11.15
9.01
10.91
352.19
421.69
384.20
487.26
375.72
462.58
41.4
40.9
42.0
39.5
42.6
40.6
41.1
41.5
41.4
10.07
9.61
10.21
8.95
10.73
9.96
10.83
10.32
!
10.33
416.90
393.05
428.82
353.53
457.10
404.38
445.11
428.28
427.66
New Mexico....
Albuquerque .
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy .
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Niagara Falls
Orange County
Pougnkeepsie
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
39.3
38.9
40.4
41.2
40.1
40.5
8.56
8.71
9.06
9.28
8.95
9.17
336.41
338.82
366.02
382.34
358.90
371.39
39.7
41.0
39.9
42.5
40.0
93.9
39.5
37.3
36.9
42.1
39.3
41.2
41.8
41.7
41.0
40.7
39.5
40.6
41.2
40.8
43.2
41.3
96.4
40.7
38.0
37.7
41.8
39.1
43.4
42.8
40.5
41.9
43.5
39.3
40.1
40.0
40.9
42.2
41.1
10.06
10.42
9.07
11.93
9.47
4.19
10.15
9.40
9.21
12.70
8.06
9.16
12.07
9.80
11.43
9.56
10.75
10.07
10.44
9.02
11.96
9.52
9.48
9.31
12.79
8.12
9.17
12.04
9.91
11.39
9.51
10.66
392.63
407.54
358.70
521.48
373.20
379.36
379.60
340.18
329.15
538.46
293.57
358.44
505.78
397.82
451.82
372.81
414.36
408.44
429.30
370.06
515.38
391.11
403.92
413.11
357.20
347.22
530.86
315.15
397.54
516.60
396.90
478.92
415.86
422.48
403.81
417.60
368.92
504.71
391.27
37.7
37.4
41.7
39.2
42.3
41.9
41.1
41.4
42.1
39.3
9.89
9.94
8.99
12.27
9.33
4.04
9.61
9.12
8.92
12.79
7.47
8.70
12.10
9.54
11.02
9.16
10.49
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point..
Raleigh-Durham
40.5
41.6
40.2
39.8
41.7
41.6
42.5
42.6
41.1
42.7
40.7
41.8
41.8
39.5
42.0
7.44
7.47
7.59
8.13
8.49
7.70
7.72
7.94
8.51
8.73
7.69
7.73
8.04
8.53
8.69
301.32
310.75
305.12
323.57
354.03
320.32
328.10
338.24
349.76
372.77
312.98
323.11
336.07
336.94
364.98
North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead .
38.7
38.3
38.4
38.6
37.9
37.5
8.12
8.44
8.31
8.60
8.31
8.58
314.24
323.25
319.10
331.96
314.95
321.75
Ohio
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield....
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren.
42.2
42.7
40.1
41.8
41.8
40.9
43.7
42.9
42.3
43.1
43.5
41.8
43.0
43.4
41.4
42.8
42.9
42.9
42.7
43.1
42.6
42.1
43.2
41.2
42.0
43.6
42.8
11.57
11.10
11.23
10.70
11.34
11.05
12.23
12.41
13.57
11.79
11.45
11.41
10.98
11.65
11.42
11.90
12.55
13.51
11.77
11.42
11.51
10.81
11.68
11.47
11.90
12.73
13.46
488.25
473.97
450.32
447.26
474.01
451.95
534.45
532.39
574.01
508.15
498.08
476.94
472.14
505.61
472.79
509.32
538.40
579.58
502.58
492.20
490.33
455.10
504.58
472.56
499.80
555.03
576.09
Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
41.5
42.3
39.4
41.9
42.0
41.1
40.1
39.5
39.8
10.04
11.01
10.50
9.89
10.93
10.56
9.89
11.08
10.60
416.66
465.72
413.70
414.39
459.06
434.02
396.59
437.66
421.88
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield.
Portland
Salem
39.0
39.6
39.5
37.0
39.6
40.4
39.7
38.1
38.8
39.2
39.2
36.2
10.67
10.89
10.85
9.63
10.51
10.69
10.85
9.39
10.63
10.59
10.93
9.56
416.13
431.24
428.58
356.31
416.20
431.88
430.75
357.76
412.44
415.13
428.46
. 346.07
See footnotes at end of table.
106
%,
&
8
8
8
I
I!)
412.27
357.40
348.19
533.34
318.30
387.89
504.48
407.30
471.55
400.37
418.94
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected
areas—Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Average hourly earnings
Jan.
1987P
Average weekly earnings
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
$9.84
10.24
8.97
10.91
10.15
9.31
8.36
9.68
41.1
41.7
38.3
$9.68
10.21
8.50
11.62
10.23
9.21
8.25
9.50
10.11
11.05
9.91
8.31
0
0
40.4
0)
0
8.68
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
$387.20
389.00
326.40
471.77
430.68
370.24
289.58
380.95
402.38
451.95
395.41
317.44
$406.23
407.93
350.84
448.92
441.34
375.55
319.66
395.79
424.77
470.64
413.92
336.65
475.45
313.08
354.60
387.74
$397.54
399.36
347.14
445.13
421.23
372.40
314.34
391.07
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle.
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre...
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
I
41.2
41.2
39.3
39.2
40.7
43.1
40.6
38.1
41.1
41.2
42.4
41.6
39.1
41.2
38.7
40.9
42.1
41.9
9.11
$9.86
10.38
8.95
11.03
10.24
9.25
8.39
9.63
10.31
11.10
9.95
8.61
11.54
8.09
8.67
9.21
9.22
01)
I)
349.80
375.33
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro.
Providence
40.6
40.3
40.8
40.8
41.1
40.1
40.8
41.5
40.3
7.78
7.33
7.62
8.04
7.51
8.01
8.11
7.59
8.05
315.87
295.40
310.90
328.03
308.66
321.20
330.89
314.99
324.42
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg.,
41.3
41.9
40.4
41.2
42.3
43.0
41.0
42.4
41.8
42.4
41.5
41.8
7.83
9.08
7.58
7.68
8.06
9.26
7.81
7.96
8.04
9.22
7.84
7.96
323.38
380.45
306.23
316.42
340.94
398.18
320.21
337.50
336.07
390.93
325.36
332.73
South Dakota .
Sioux Falls....
41.6
45.6
41.9
44.9
42.2
45.6
7.63
7.77
8.11
7.99
8.08
8.27
317.41
354.31
339.81
358.75
340.98
377.11
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol.
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
41.3
41.8
43.5
38.9
43.1
38.8
42.1
43.1
43.9
40.0
42.8
41.9
41.4
42.3
43.0
38.9
44.4
39.3
8.41
7.39
9.20
8.81
8.74
9.18
8.79
7.83
9.00
9.14
8.89
9.87
8.82
7.89
8.93
8.95
8.91
9.94
347.33
308.90
400.20
342.71
376.69
356.18
370.06
337.47
395.10
365.60
380.49
413.55
365.15
333.75
383.99
348.16
395.60
390.64
Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington.
Houston
San Antonio
41.3
41.2
41.7
41.7
40.7
42.0
42.6
42.8
43.6
41.6
41.3
41.9
41.5
43.2
41.0
9.64
9.42
9.67
11.23
7.39
9.80
9.60
10.00
11.14
7.43
9.79
9.50
9.96
11.20
7.45
398.13
388.10
403.24
468.29
300.77
411.60
408.96
428.00
485.70
309.09
404.33
398.05
413.34
483.84
305.45
Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden .
39.8
40.2
38.8
40.7
38.3
39.9
10.06
9.64
10.04
9.80
9.94
9.79
400.39
387.53
389.55
398.86
380.70
390.62
Vermont
Burlington...
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg.
Roanoke
40.5
42.3
42.0
45.3
40.8
41.6
8.71
9.44
8.94
9.69
8.94
9.86
352.76
399.31
375.48
438.96
364.75
410.18
40.6
40.0
39.5
38.7
40.1
39.8
40.6
41.1
41.3
42.0
41.9
42.2
42.0
41.5
41.2
42.5
40.6
41.7
41.7
41.5
40.7
40.7
40.0
41.5
8.68
7.35
7.28
8.08
8.37
9.06
10.85
7.89
9.02
7.51
7.51
8.45
8.64
9.70
11.36
8.41
9.06
7.51
7.48
8.43
8.55
9.59
11.39
8.55
352.41
294.00
287.56
312.70
335.64
360.59
440.51
324.28
372.53
315.42
314.67
356.59
362.88
402.55
468.03
357.43
367.84
313.17
311.92
349.85
347.99
390.31
455.60
354.83
Washington.
38.6
40.1
39.9
11.86
11.95
11.86
457.80
479.20
473.21
40.0
38.1
38.4
40.6
42.1
40.2
35.1
40.1
39.8
40.9
39.9
38.2
40.4
39.0
38.7
40.8
41.5
40.0
37.6
40.4
11.07
9.87
8.60
01
I
)
8.74
454.98
411.58
329.38
(')
(*)
35310
386.32
See footnotes at end of table.
107
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls In States and selected
areas—Continued
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly hours
State and area
Jan.
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Average weekly earnings
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
41.0
41.9
38.5
42.8
39.8
41.3
43.7
40.2
41.3
42.2
39.8
41.7
38.7
40.3
41.1
$10.30
12.55
11.20
12.07
11.77
$10.41
12.71
12.11
12.45
12.00
$10.46
13.10
10.81
12.34
11.08
$422.30
525.85
431.20
516.60
468.45
$429.93
555.43
486.82
514.19
506.40
$416.31
546.27
418.35
497.30
455.39
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
41.3
43.9
39.4
42.6
41.1
38.7
39.4
40.9
41.5
39.6
40.2
41.3
42.0
42.9
40.9
42.4
39.7
41.1
39.5
40.8
42.3
42.1
43.6
42.5
41.5
42.5
41.1
41.3
39.1
40.7
40.1
40.3
41.6
42.4
41.8
42.4
10.44
10.16
10.46
11.40
12.38
10.49
8.96
9.81
11.74
11.05
9.45
9.96
10.55
10.75
10.38
11.59
11.91
11.73
9.44
9.87
11.71
10.85
9.74
9.84
10.56
10.70
10.43
11.40
12.06
11.73
8.96
9.83
11.82
10.83
9.52
9.92
431.17
446.02
412.12
485.64
508.82
405.96
353.02
401.23
487.21
437.58
379.89
411.35
443.10
461.18
424.54
491.42
472.83
482.10
372.88
402.70
495.33
456.79
424.66
418.20
438.24
454.75
428.67
470.82
471.55
477.41
359.30
396.15
491.71
459.19
397.94
420.61
Wyoming
39.1
41.2
38.4
9.74
9.60
9.52
380.83
395.52
365.57
Puerto Rico
37.9
39.5
39.6
5.27
5.39
5.47
199.73
212.90
216.61
Virgin Islands
42.7
42.8
40.9
10.35
9.74
9.93
441.94
416.87
406.14
Not available.
= preliminary.
108
NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication. All State
and area data have been adjusted to March 1986 benchmarks.
PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-9. Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural establishments by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Industry
Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Feb. 1986
to
Feb. 1987P
Dec. 1986
to
Jan. 1987r
Jan. 1987
to
Feb. 1987P
0.3
1.0
Dec.
1986r
Jan.
1987r
Feb.
1987P
188,487
189,107
191,018
3.1
154,379
155,392
156,999
3.1
1,622
1,627
10,184
41,030
24,462
16,569
11,088
11,779
28,248
12,419
40,622
-16.9
9.9
40,732
24,231
16,502
10,913
11,632
27,362
12,318
40,131
1,626
10,253
40,770
24,250
16,520
10,936
11,686
27,559
12,346
40,216
.9
4.1
5.4
5.0
.3
6.0
.1
.1
.1
.2
.5
.7
.2
.2
34,107
33,715
34,019
2.9
-1.2
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
p
= preliminary.
=revised.
NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,
Percent change
.4
-.6
2.0
2.1
1.0
.1
-.7
.6
.9
.3
1.4
.8
2.5
.6
1.0
.9
nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely on
establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2134-1,
chapter 13, Productivity Measures: Business Economy and Major Sectors.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).
109
PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-10. Indexes of productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted
(1977=100)
Quarterly index
Annual average
1984
Item
1985
1985
1986
1986r
IV
IV
IV
Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour1
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
106.4
122.7
115.3
175.3
98.8
164.8
159.7
163.0
107.1
125.8
117.5
180.9
100.0
168.9
161.6
166.3
105.6
119.0
112.7
167.1
97.9
158.3
156.7
157.7
105.5
119.5
113.3
169.0
98.1
160.2
157.0
159.0
105.5
120.2
114.0
170.6
98.2
161.7
157.7
160.3
105.7
121.3
114.8
172.3
98.4
163.1
158.3
161.4
106.4
122.3
115.0
174.5
98.6
164.0
160.0
162.6
107.3
123.5
115.2
176.4
99.0
164.4
161.4
163.4
106.4
123.8
116.4
178.0
99.0
167.3
159.6
164.6
107.3
125.3
116.8
179.1
99.2
167.0
162.2
165.3
107.4
125.4
116.7
180.4
100.2
168.0
161.9
165.8
107.3
126.0
117.4
181.7
100.4
169.3
163.4
167.2
106.6
126.5
118.7
182.6
100.2
171.4
159.1
167.0
104.8
122.5
116.9
174.6
98.4
166.7
160.6
164.6
105.5
125.8
119.3
179.9
99.4
170.5
163.7
168.1
104.6
119.1
113.8
166.9
97.8
159.5
156.4
158.4
104.4
119.5
114.5
168.7
97.9
161.5
157.2
160.0
104.3
120.2
115.2
170.4
98.1
163.3
157.9
161.4
104.4
121.1
116.0
172.1
98.3
164.8
158.9
162.7
104.9
122.1
116.4
174.0
98.3
165.9
160.8
164.1
105.4
123.3
116.9
175.4
98.5
166.3
163.0
165.2
104.5
123.6
118.2
177.0
98.4
169.3
160.3
166.2
105.6
125.1
118.5
178.3
98.8
168.8
163.9
167.1
105.7
125.3
118.5
179.3
99.7
163.7
167.5
105.7
126.1
119.4
180.4
99.6
170.7
165.9
169.0
105.1
126.7
120.6
181.6
99.6
172.8
161.4
168.8
121.7
120.4
98.9
176.7
99.5
145.1
125.0
123.4
98.7
181.9
100.5
145.5
115.7
115.3
99.7
166.8
97.7
144.2
117.8
117.4
99.7
169.1
98.1
143.5
118.2
117.9
99.7
171.5
98.7
145.1
119.3
118.8
99.6
173.8
99.2
145.7
121.7
119.9
98.5
175.6
99.2
144.3
123.0
121.2
98.5
178.1
100.0
144.8
122.9
121.9
99.1
179.3
99.7
145.8
123.7
122.8
99.3
180.2
99.8
145.7
124.7
122.7
98.4
181.4
100.8
145.5
125.8
123.6
98.2
182.5
100.8
145.1
125.8
124.6
99.0
183.5
100.7
145.9
124.6
124.7
100.1
174.9
98.5
140.3
127.9
126.5
98.9
180.7
99.9
141.3
115.4
115.6
100.2
165.3
96.8
143.3
118.3
119.1
100.7
167.2
97.1
141.4
119.1
120.5
101.2
169.4
97.5
142.3
121.4
122.6
100.9
172.0
98.2
141.6
124.4
124.1
99.8
173.2
97.8
139.2
126.3
125.6
99.5
176.5
99.1
139.8
126.4
126.4
100.0
178.0
99.0
140.8
127.1
126.9
99.9
178.9
99.1
140.8
127.4
125.7
98.7
180.2
100.1
141.4
128.6
126.2
98.2
181.3
100.1
141.0
128.7
127.2
98.8
182.6
100.2
141.8
117.3
114.1
97.3
179.4
101.0
152.9
120.6
118.7
98.5
163.9
101.6
152.5
116.1
114.9
99.0
169.2
99.1
145.7
117.0
114.8
98.1
171.9
99.8
146.9
116.8
114.0
97.6
174.6
100.5
149.4
116.0
113.2
97.6
176.5
100.8
152.1
117.5
113.6
96.7
179.4
101.3
152.7
118.0
114.5
97.0
180.4
101.3
152.8
117.6
115.1
97.9
181.3
100.8
154.1
118.6
116.7
98.3
182.2
100.9
153.6
120.7
118.2
97.9
183.5
102.0
152.1
121.7
119.6
98.2
184.8
102.1
151.8
121.4
120.6
99.3
185.0
101.6
152.5
106.8
124.8
116.9
172.3
97.0
165.8
161.2
179.1
133.1
161.8
106.9
127.1
118.9
176.5
97.5
169.2
165.1
181.3
133.2
164.9
105.9
120.5
113.7
164.8
96.5
160.1
155.7
173.1
138.5
157.5
105.5
120.9
114.6
166.6
96.7
162.6
157.9
176.4
130.3
158.7
105.8
122.1
115.5
168.3
96.9
163.8
159.1
177.5
130.5
159.8
106.0
123.1
116.1
169.9
97.0
164.9
160.3
178.5
129.3
160.6
106.5
124.2
116.6
171.6
96.9
165.8
161.1
179.8
130.2
161.6
107.8
126.0
116.8
173.1
97.2
165.0
160.5
178.3
141.7
162.2
107.0
126.1
117.8
174.5
97.0
167.2
163.0
179.8
131.2
162.9
106.9
126.9
118.7
175.4
97.1
168.3
164.0
181.1
131.7
164.0
106.8
126.6
118.5
176.1
97.8
168.6
164.8
179.9
132.3
164.3
106.9
127.0
118.8
176.8
97.7
169.8
165.4
182.6
135.8
165.7
Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour1
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour1
Unit labor costs
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour1
Unit labor costs
Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour1
Unit labor costs
Nonfinanclal corporations2
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour1
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator
1
Measures of real hourly compensation have been revised to reflect
the most recent information on seasonal variation in the Consumer Price
Index for All Urban Consumers.
2
The 1986 annual averages for the nonfinancial corporate sector are
110
preliminary.
3
Not available.
=revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).
()
03
()
O
()
8
PRODUCTIVITY DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-11. Percent changes from the preceding quarter and year in productivity, hourly compensation, unit costs, and prices,
seasonally adjusted annual rates
Percent change from
Same quarter, previous year
Previous quarter
Item
1985
IV
1985
I
1986
II
1986
1986
IV
1986r
1985
IV
1985
I
1986
II
1986
1986
IV
1986r
3.4
4.1
.7
4.4
2.0
1.0
3.7
1.9
-3.2
1.0
4.3
3.8
-.1
7.2
-4.3
3.0
3.3
4.7
1.4
2.5
.9
-7
6.6
1.8
0.5
.3
-.2
2.8
4.2
2.3
-.7
1.2
-0.4
2.0
2.4
2.9
.4
3.3
3.7
3.4
-2.8
1.7
4.6
2.1
-.6
5.0
-10.2
-.5
1.7
3.4
1.7
4.4
1.0
2.6
2.8
2.7
0.9
3.0
2.1
4.4
.8
3.4
1.2
2.7
1.5
3.3
1.8
3.9
.8
2.4
2.5
2.4
1.0
2.5
1.6
3.4
1.7
2.4
1.2
2.0
0.0
2.0
2.0
3.0
1.3
3.0
1.2
2.4
0.1
2.2
2.0
2.6
1.2
2.4
-.3
1.5
2.2
4.0
1.8
3.2
.9
1.0
5.7
2.6
-3.5
1.0
4.6
3.7
-.2
7.4
-6.6
2.4
4.3
5.1
-1.2
9.3
2.3
.5
.6
.1
2.3
3.6
1.8
-.6
1.0
-.3
2.6
2.9
2.3
-.1
2.6
5.5
3.6
-2.2
1.9
4.3
2.7
.0
5.1
-10.2
-.4
1.0
3.1
2.1
4.0
.6
3.0
3.7
3.2
.2
2.8
2.6
3.9
.3
3.7
1.5
2.9
1.2
3.3
2.1
3.6
.5
2.5
3.1
2.7
.8
2.7
1.8
3.1
1.4
2.2
1.8
2.1
.2
2.3
2.1
2.8
1.2
2.6
1.7
2.3
.5
2.5
2.0
2.6
1.2
2.1
4.4
4.3
-.1
5.6
3.2
1.2
-.3
2.4
2.7
2.8
-1.1
3.0
2.6
3.0
.4
2.1
.5
-.5
3.2
-.4
-3.5
2.7
4.1
-.5
3.6
2.9
-.6
2.4
.0
-1.1
-.1
3.3
3.4
2.1
-.6
2.2
4.4
3.2
-1.2
5.3
1.9
4.0
3.4
-.6
4.5
1.0
.5
3.7
3.4
-.3
3.7
.6
.0
2.5
2.3
-.2
3.3
1.6
.8
2.3
2.0
-.3
2.5
.8
.2
2.3
2.2
-.1
2.3
1.0
.0
6.1
4.9
-1.1
7.8
5.4
1.6
.5
2.7
2.2
3.3
-.5
2.8
2.1
1.0
-3.8
-4.8
2.8
4.1
3.7
1.8
-1.8
2.5
.0
-1.2
.6
3.2
2.5
3.0
.4
2.4
6.8
5.4
-1.2
5.6
2.1
6.2
5.0
-1.1
5.0
1.5
-1.1
4.7
3.5
-1.1
4.1
.9
-.6
2.4
1.3
-1.1
4.0
2.4
1.6
1.8
.5
-1.3
2.7
1.0
.9
1.8
.6
-1.2
2.6
1.3
.8
1.8
3.3
1.5
2.1
-.2
.3
-1.4
1.9
3.4
1.9
3.5
5.6
2.0
2.2
.6
-1.3
7.0
5.3
-1.6
2.9
4.2
3.6
4.8
1.2
2.7
.3
-.9
-1.2
3.4
4.6
.6
.7
1.0
.3
3.8
2.2
3.1
.8
3.3
.2
1.0
2.7
4.0
1.3
2.3
.6
-.4
3.1
4.4
1.2
2.4
.8
-.7
3.2
4.8
1.5
2.1
.7
-1.1
-.5
2.6
3.1
2.0
.4
2.7
2.5
3.1
1.3
2.5
-.3
-1.1
-.8
.9
3.2
2.2
3.2
.1
2.1
2.3
1.5
1.8
2.1
.3
2.0
1.7
2.6
1.0
1.7
2.3
.0
1.6
1.7
-.9
.8
1.7
2.2
.5
2.9
Business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour1
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
Nonfarm business sector
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour1
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor payments
Implicit price deflator
.....
.8
3.1
1.5
.7
1.6
Manufacturing
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour1
Unit labor costs
.9
Durable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour1
Unit labor costs
1.5
-.6
2.2
.6
.1
1.7
-1.1
Nondurable goods
Output per hour of all persons
Output
<
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour1
Unit labor costs
-1.9
3.4
-3.9
-2.0
1.9
-.3
-1.1
4.9
1.5
4.0
.3
3.1
Nonfinancial corporations2
Output per all-employee hour
Output
Hours
Compensation per hour
Real compensation per hour1
Total unit costs
Unit labor costs
Unit nonlabor costs
Unit profits
Implicit price deflator
4.9
5.9
1.0
3.4
1.1
-1.9
-1.4
-3.3
40.1
1.7
-2.8
.5
3.4
3.3
-.5
5.5
6.3
3.3
-26.4
1.7
Measures of real hourly compensation have been revised to reflect
the most recent information on seasonal variation in the Consumer Price
Index for All Urban Consumers.
2
The 1986 annual averages for the nonfinancial corporate sector are
1.6
2.9
.6
1.9
-2.7
2.0
.7
.2
1.3
1.2
1.8
-.6
2.8
1.6
6.1
11.0
3.6
2.2
4.2
2.0
3.9
.5
1.5
1.6
1.1
8.7
2.2
1.2
3.3
2.1
3.7
.2
2.1
2.4
1.3
.6
2.0
3.1
2.4
-4.2
2.1
preliminary.
3
Not available.
=revised.
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202 523 9261).
Ill
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas
(Numbers in thousands)
U nemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
9.7
6.3
10.4
7.3
7.3
9.6
8.2
7.2
10.6
7.4
7.5
10.0
8.7
6.9
11.2
7.6
7.6
27.6
11.7
11.2
11.6
108.3
57.0
18.2
125.2
66.0
20.5
6.7
5.5
5.5
6.7
5.6
5.8
7.8
6.6
6.6
101.9
2.9
6.8
16.6
3.2
96.8
2.7
6.3
19.1
3.7
99.7
2.8
5.9
18.6
3.8
9.9
5.5
8.2
6.8
9.0
9.1
4.9
7.1
7.4
10.2
9.4
5.1
6.8
7.3
10.4
13,381.7
1,277.0
225.2
292.1
4,077.0
145.3
1,023.4
326.1
867.9
647.3
151.6
1,022.3
862.2
797.8
176.5
178.2
180.7
180.2
852.8
44.8
22.7
34.9
265.0
18.8
56.3
19.6
48.5
39.4
18.9
43.4
37.1
44.2
8.4
10.7
21.3
11.1
843.3
46.9
27.2
35.8
246.0
19.8
54.6
21.8
51.5
39.9
17.8
49.0
36.0
41.3
9.4
9.2
21.6
11.2
917.3
52.5
29.9
40.7
230.0
22.9
64.5
23.6
56.9
46.6
22.2
56.4
41.7
48.2
10.8
11.3
24.3
14.0
6.6
3.7
10.6
12.7
6.6
13.9
5.6
6.3
5.9
6.3
13.1
4.4
4.3
5.6
4.8
6.2
12.3
6.4
6.3
3.7
12.3
12.4
6.0
13.9
5.4
6.7
6.0
6.2
11.8
4.8
4.1
5.2
5.4
5.1
12.1
6.3
6.9
4.1
13.3
13.9
5.6
15.7
6.3
7.2
6.6
7.2
14.6
5.5
4.8
6.0
6.1
6.3
13.4
7.8
1,689.2
130.6
900.3
1,702.7
130.9
905.4
124.0
8.1
56.4
129.5
7.5
63.7
158.2
9.4
76.2
7.4
6.3
6.3
7.7
5.8
7.1
9.3
7.1
8.4
1,700.7
226.8
406.6
73.3
264.9
113.5
101.1
1,777.1
234.6
428.4
75.7
274.9
120.2
104.7
1,752.8
232.1
427.8
74.8
269.2
118.7
100.4
81.9
13.1
17.4
4.2
12.7
4.0
6.9
61.3
10.0
13.7
3.1
8.6
2.9
5.1
68.7
11.4
14.9
3.5
9.7
3.1
5.6
4.8
5.8
4.3
5.8
4.8
3.6
6.8
3.4
4.3
3.2
4.1
3.1
2.4
4.8
3.9
4.9
3.5
4.7
3.6
2.6
5.6
310.9
273.2
330.4
289.7
321.5
280.9
15.3
14.7
12.1
11.8
12.0
12.3
4.9
5.4
3.7
4.1
3.7
4.4
District of Columbia
Washington
321.3
1,987.9
328.4
2,079.8
326.7
2,039.9
26.4
75.0
24.1
67.5
26.1
77.7
8.2
3.8
7.3
3.2
8.0
3.8
Florida1
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami-Hialeah
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach
5,353.3
131.0
561.7
117.9
96.0
396.9
167.5
164.8
863.4
484.9
136.9
104.8
110.7
880.5
354.4
5,721.6
141.7
595.9
131.4
103.1
428.8
172.2
167.5
904.4
542.1
148.1
110.8
119.2
940.3
385.2
5,665.9
140.1
591.0
130.7
101.4
423.3
173.5
164.9
887.2
535.8
144.7
109.5
118.3
930.3
385.4
301.5
6.8
26.1
5.2
3.2
20.8
16.0
8.1
58.1
23.1
8.9
4.4
4.4
45.1
18.0
264.0
6.5
21.0
4.1
3.0
18.4
12.7
9.6
46.8
19.9
10.3
3.7
3.7
41.2
15.6
327.5
7.7
26.9
5.3
3.9
23.6
15.3
11.6
54.8
27.3
10.9
4.2
4.9
51.9
18.8
5.6
5.2
4.6
4.4
3.3
5.2
9.5
4.9
6.7
4.8
6.5
4.2
3.9
5.1
5.1
4.6
4.6
3.5
3.1
2.9
4.3
7.4
5.7
5.2
3.7
7.0
3.3
3.1
4.4
4.1
5.8
5.5
4.5
4.0
3.8
5.6
8.8
7.0
6.2
5.1
7.6
3.8
4.2
5.6
4.9
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
1,817.3
425.7
120.1
203.5
127.9
66.2
1,875.7
441.8
127.9
210.4
134.7
69.3
1,861.9
438.4
126.5
209.2
133.6
68.9
175.6
33.0
7.5
21.3
9.4
4.8
179.8
36.4
9.3
22.3
9.9
5.2
186.2
38.3
8.7
23.3
10.2
5.2
243.5
241.8
237.1
28.4
27.1
Arizona
Phoenix
Tucson
1,521.3
946.5
298.4
1,626.9
1,011.4
314.0
1,606.5
997.3
308.1
101.9
52.3
16.5
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
1,029.1
52.2
83.6
244.6
35.3
1,067.8
54.8
88.6
256.8
36.5
1,056.5
53.9
87.2
253.1
36.2
13,015.4
1,211.1
214.9
274.4
4,021.0
135.2
997.1
312.9
826.3
625.7
144.2
989.5
864.6
790.8
174.9
174.4
172.3
172.8
13,389.2
1,271.8
221.1
288.7
4,121.0
143.2
1,015.6
323.7
862.9
645.1
150.6
1,022.3
867.1
795.4
174.5
180.0
179.0
179.0
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Denver
1,683.8
127.9
897.1
Connecticut
Bridgeport-Milford
Hartford
New Britain
New Haven-Meriden
Stamford
Waterbury
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
California1
Anaheim-Santa Ana
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach1
Modesto
Oakland
Oxnard-Ventura
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas-Seaside-Monterey
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
Stockton
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Delaware
Wilmington
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987?
in
See footnotes at end of table.
113
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
173.0
5.7
3.2
64.3
10.8
7.1
6.9
6.5
6.3
9.4
5.6
4.8
5.8
8.6
6.7
7.0
5.7
10.7
5.1
4.4
6.1
7.2
5.6
6.1
5.7
10.2
4.4
4.5
6.2
7.3
5.5
5.9
20.6
14.2
21.3
14.9
5.3
4.7
4.2
3.8
4.4
4.1
46.5
7.0
39.6
6.2
48.2
7.3
10.3
7.1
8.6
5.9
10.7
7.2
5,583.5
171.3
62.4
83.2
3,070.1
178.1
58.2
186.1
43.2
246.2
151.3
145.3
103.5
485.4
12.9
3.8
4.3
233.4
21.0
6.3
15.0
5.2
14.2
15.3
13.3
6.9
390.6
9.5
3.0
3.5
193.2
14.1
5.0
13.3
3.6
11.4
11.7
10.9
5.1
459.4
12.3
3.6
4.4
221.4
15.8
6.1
15.3
4.3
13.0
14.3
12.9
6.5
8.6
7.9
6.2
5.2
7.6
11.5
10.6
7.9
11.7
5.8
9.9
9.2
6.5
7.0
5.6
4.7
4.1
6.2
7.9
8.6
7.0
8.3
4.5
7.8
7.6
4.9
8.2
7.2
5.7
5.3
7.2
8.9
10.6
8.2
10.0
5.3
9.4
8.9
6.3
2,788.5
62.2
60.6
91.8
145.2
193.8
261.4
663.3
49.9
66.7
61.0
129.8
61.5
2,728.9
60.8
58.9
89.2
141.6
189.4
255.1
648.1
49.4
64.7
59.7
126.2
60.2
229.6
4.7
3.1
6.0
10.9
12.9
31.9
40.2
4.4
3.3
5.5
8.9
5.9
179.8
4.0
2.1
4.5
9.4
9.8
31.5
31.8
3.6
2.4
4.2
6.8
4.1
204.4
5.0
2.8
4.5
10.8
10.8
33.7
36.2
4.3
2.7
4.8
7.3
4.7
8.4
7.7
5.6
6.9
7.7
6.9
12.3
6.3
8.7
5.1
9.1
7.1
9.6
6.4
6.4
3.5
4.9
6.5
5.1
12.1
4.8
7.2
3.6
7.0
5.2
6.7
7.5
8.3
4.7
5.0
7.6
5.7
13.2
5.6
8.8
4.2
8.1
5.8
7.8
1,371.4
85.8
205.3
42.0
55.1
55.5
67.6
1,417.0
89.0
216.0
43.7
57.6
58.0
68.9
1,413.2
89.7
217.3
44.2
54.7
55.3
68.6
127.8
6.8
15.0
4.7
2.0
5.3
9.7
90.1
4.6
10.7
3.3
1.3
4.0
7.0
97.7
5.3
11.2
3.3
1.4
4.3
7.0
9.3
8.0
7.3
11.2
3.7
9.6
14.4
6.4
5.2
4.9
7.5
2.2
7.0
10.2
6.9
5.9
5.2
7.6
2.5
7.8
10.2
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita LMA
1,200.1
36.2
85.3
219.8
1,219.5
38.4
87.2
224.7
1,215.6
37.7
87.5
223.4
70.1
1.5
4.9
13.3
65.9
1.3
4.2
13.0
78.0
1.6
4.9
14.9
5.8
4.2
5.7
6.1
5.4
3.5
4.8
5.8
6.4
4.4
5.6
6.7
Kentucky
Lexington-Fayette
Louisville
Owensboro
1,663.6
174.4
484.6
45.3
1,703.6
182.6
500.7
45.5
1,665.6
174.7
484.4
44.3
182.4
10.4
40.6
5.3
144.1
9.3
31.9
4.4
180.5
11.5
39.1
5.3
11.0
6.0
8.4
11.7
8.5
5.1
6.4
9.7
10.8
6.6
8.1
12.1
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma-Thibodaux
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport
1,953.3
58.1
261.1
77.1
108.2
75.2
67.8
599.6
167.5
1,961.0
60.5
263.8
75.9
104.3
73.9
70.5
598.8
167.1
1,936.0
60.0
260.1
74.8
101.3
73.0
67.4
590.8
165.1
234.8
5.9
28.9
9.6
10.4
10.0
7.2
60.7
19.9
262.5
6.3
28.2
14.2
16.0
10.6
7.4
65.0
21.3
284.1
7.1
31.0
15.3
16.8
11.1
8.2
68.6
22.8
12.0
10.1
11.1
12.4
9.6
13.3
10.6
10.1
11.9
13.4
10.4
10.7
18.7
15.3
14.4
10.5
10.9
12.8
14.7
11.8
11.9
20.5
16.6
15.2
12.1
11.6
13.8
544.6
40.4
112.3
556.6
40.2
119.5
535.6
39.4
113.1
38.4
3.4
3.8
24.0
2.2
2.4
36.4
3.0
3.9
7.1
8.3
3.4
4.3
5.5
2.0
6.8
7.7
3.4
2,277.8
1,114.8
2,385.3
1,162.1
2,368.2
1,151.3
118.9
66.8
99.3
55.7
123.9
66.1
5.2
6.0
4.2
4.8
5.2
5.7
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987?
2,885.3
54.8
69.3
1,337.9
167.9
96.2
123.7
103.4
3,050.9
55.9
71.6
1,443.5
173.9
99.0
126.7
110.5
3,027.6
55.8
72.5
1,438.6
174.9
97.7
126.0
109.8
182.2
5.2
3.9
64.1
9.7
8.3
8.2
7.2
173.1
6.0
3.7
64.2
10.5
7.1
7.1
6.7
Hawaii
Honolulu
481.5
360.9
493.2
370.2
480.0
359.6
25.5
16.9
Idaho
Boise City
449.6
98.5
460.9
104.0
449.8
100.6
Illinois1
Aurora-Elgin
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul ....
Chicago
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline
Decatur
Joliet
Kankakee
Lake County
Peoria
Rockford
Springfield
5,620.5
162.9
60.9
82.3
3,082.4
182.6
59.4
190.2
44.2
244.9
155.0
145.0
104.6
5,614.0
170.9
62.9
85.1
3,095.4
178.6
58.1
188.8
43.3
251.8
150.8
144.9
104.0
Indiana
Anderson
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Gary-Hammond
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend-Mishawaka
Terre Haute
2,722.7
61.2
56.4
86.9
141.3
185.9
259.4
632.5
50.3
64.9
60.2
125.0
61.3
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta
Columbus
Macon-Warner Robins
Savannah
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
Maryland
Baltimore
See footnotes at end of table.
114
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987*
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
Massachusetts1
Boston
Brockton
Fall River
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence-Haverhill
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
3,022.1
1,504.5
94.5
76.8
47.0
184.7
148.5
84.7
40.4
243.4
206.2
3,055.9
1,524.2
96.9
77.5
46.1
180.5
148.4
84.9
41.0
248.3
210.8
3,019.8
1,506.8
94.6
76.7
45.2
179.0
147.1
83.5
40.4
244.6
206.7
122.6
50.0
4.0
5.3
2.1
9.3
5.7
6.3
1.8
10.7
8.2
95.4
39.1
3.3
4.2
2.0
7.5
5.1
4.4
1.5
8.4
6.2
Michigan1
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Lansing-East Lansing
Muskegon
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
4,319.6
(2)
4,476.7
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
4,416.5
156.2
61.6
75.9
2,138.2
203.6
335.9
62.5
113.2
236.9
67.6
181.2
404.0
ft
ft2
(2)
(2)
()
ft
(22)
()
ft
ft2
()
340.5
(2)
(2)
Minnesota
Duluth
Minneapolis-StPaul
Rochester
St. Cloud
2,177.4
(2)
2,236.5
(2)
56.5
89.6
Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis
Springfield
ft2
()
ft
ft
(22)
()
ft
(22)
()
ft
ft
ft
ft
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
ft
ft
ft2
(2)
()
ft2
()
(2)
ft
154.7
Jan.
1987P
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987?
123.3
49.7
4.3
5.9
2.5
8.2
6.1
6.1
1.9
10.5
7.9
4.1
3.3
4.2
6.9
4.4
5.0
3.8
7.5
4.3
4.4
4.0
3.1
2.6
3.4
5.4
4.4
4.1
3.5
5.1
3.6
3.4
2.9
4.1
3.3
4.5
7.7
5.5
4.6
4.2
7.3
4.7
4.3
3.8
357.9
6.2
4.7
6.2
158.1
24.7
22.5
5.0
5.7
14.3
7.4
17.5
9.4
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
7.6
ft2
()
ft
ft2
()
(2)
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft2
()
ft
8.1
4.0
7.7
8.1
7.4
12.1
6.7
8.0
5.0
6.0
10.9
9.7
7.1
(2)
5.5
(2)
ft
5.3
7.7
4.1
6.4
6.4
11.0
4.7
4.5
7.0
ft2
()
57.5
94.5
2,202.5
102.0
1,308.1
58.5
94.9
3.0
6.9
2.4
6.1
140.3
11.3
62.0
2.6
6.6
1,125.4
189.3
1,155.0
197.3
1,145.6
193.0
125.2
13.6
135.1
16.0
145.9
17.1
11.1
7.2
11.7
8.1
12.7
8.8
2,449.5
782.8
41.0
1,209.8
111.4
2,526.9
801.6
41.4
1,240.3
118.8
2,519.1
807.1
40.9
1,241.7
116.5
169.1
39.8
3.6
87.7
6.3
155.1
36.2
3.1
82.4
5.9
173.2
46.2
3.6
93.0
6.3
6.9
5.1
8.7
7.3
5.6
6.1
4.5
7.5
6.6
5.0
6.9
5.7
8.7
7.5
5.4
Montana
390.7
397.1
399.6
38.0
31.8
40.3
9.7
8.0
10.1
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
771.0
115.3
305.1
798.1
118.1
314.5
783.0
114.7
312.2
49.7
4.4
19.4
41.5
3.9
16.7
44.3
4.2
17.6
6.4
3.8
6.4
5.2
3.3
5.3
5.7
3.6
5.6
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
517.4
(2)
552.5
551.9
(2)
40.6
7.8
(2)
ft
33.0
(2)
2
()
35.8
ft
(2)
new naifipsnire
Nashua
Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester...
548.4
89.8
118.0
565.9
93.2
125.5
556.4
91.7
122.9
21.9
3.6
4.4
14.1
2.2
3.0
16.5
2.7
3.8
New Jersey1
Atlantic City
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
3,832.0
159.9
696.7
266.2
526.4
432.5
960.2
165.7
56.9
3,851.8
160.3
701.0
265.0
530.4
445.4
951.8
168.4
55.4
3,813.0
159.9
689.6
261.9
521.3
440.1
945.6
168.5
55.6
263.3
18.1
42.8
28.2
27.9
26.6
67.7
9.6
7.6
151.3
10.8
24.9
16.8
14.8
14.5
38.7
5.5
4.3
651.1
245.7
51.8
61.5
679.0
259.3
56.6
64.7
666.3
255.0
55.0
62.9
60.4
16.3
4.1
3.6
63.0
16.7
3.7
3.7
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
ft
ft
ft
123.3
(2)
ft
ft2
()
ft
6.0
6.5
ft
ft2
()
ft
ft
4.0
4.0
3.7
2.5
2.3
2.4
3.0
2.9
3.1
173.8
12.2
28.2
19.0
16.7
17.5
42.3
6.4
5.0
6.9
11.3
6.1
10.6
5.3
6.1
7.1
5.8
13.4
3.9
6.7
3.6
6.3
2.8
3.3
4.1
3.2
7.8
4.6
7.6
4.1
7.2
3.2
4.0
4.5
3.8
9.0
65.3
16.9
3.9
3.8
9.3
6.6
7.9
5.9
9.3
6.5
6.6
5.7
9.8
6.6
7.0
6.1
ft2
()
See footnotes at end of table.
115
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
523.8
23.0
7.1
30.2
2.5
3.9
51.3
264.7
243.0
6.6
4.7
27.1
23.4
10.4
6.7
6.0
7.4
8.1
8.6
8.5
4.5
6.7
7.3
5.9
4.1
5.9
7.6
9.2
5.4
4.7
4.9
6.2
5.6
6.7
3.6
5.7
6.2
4.2
3.1
5.2
6.9
6.6
6.2
5.5
5.6
6.8
6.1
7.6
3.6
6.7
7.4
5.2
3.7
5.5
7.2
7.6
155.3
4.3
23.9
19.4
12.2
169.0
4.8
24.6
20.3
13.2
5.9
5.6
5.0
5.4
3.3
4.8
5.0
4.0
3.9
3.1
5.2
5.6
4.1
4.0
3.4
24.2
3.9
4.5
1.5
20.6
3.0
3.3
1.3
21.2
3.1
3.7
1.4
7.9
9.6
5.6
4.5
6.6
6.9
4.0
3.6
6.9
7.3
4.5
4.3
5,195.9
317.6
187.9
725.4
918.9
676.2
460.0
307.9
225.2
474.8
29.0
22.4
50.9
75.7
46.2
33.3
25.4
26.0
418.0
25.2
18.7
45.5
65.5
40.0
30.0
24.5
25.1
451.6
28.1
20.1
55.6
68.7
43.1
30.9
26.7
26.0
9.3
9.2
11.8
7.2
8.3
7.0
7.4
8.5
11.7
7.9
7.8
9.9
6.2
7.0
5.8
6.4
7.8
11.0
8.7
8.8
10.7
7.7
7.5
6.4
6.7
8.7
11.5
1,583.1
30.3
48.6
512.6
358.0
1,562.9
30.1
47.9
498.6
356.4
114.5
2.0
2.3
29.9
26.7
125.3
2.4
2.6
32.5
29.7
131.6
2.6
2.5
32.5
31.3
7.3
6.2
4.8
5.9
7.7
7.9
8.0
5.3
6.3
8.3
8.4
8.7
5.1
6.5
8.8
1,313.3
130.5
597.5
119.6
1,353.7
135.0
617.4
121.5
1,366.2
136.3
624.1
124.8
133.5
13.5
46.4
13.0
111.6
10.8
43.0
10.7
113.8
10.1
41.9
10.8
10.2
10.4
7.8
10.8
8.2
8.0
7.0
8.8
8.3
7.4
6.7
8.6
5,493.8
316.3
57.4
66.1
125.9
293.6
94.7
196.6
2,304.0
930.6
166.4
336.2
47.9
54.7
54.9
201.4
5,478.5
306.6
56.5
61.7
124.6
295.2
89.7
203.9
2,339.5
929.1
165.5
333.1
47.1
55.8
54.1
200.3
5,490.4
304.8
56.4
62.6
124.6
299.3
91.7
202.0
2,329.8
936.5
166.6
335.1
47.2
54.4
54.0
200.7
445.0
27.8
7.0
10.5
11.5
16.7
13.9
8.5
134.8
87.7
12.7
32.6
4.8
4.0
5.2
12.7
258.3
12.9
3.7
5.5
7.8
8.1
6.6
4.3
83.5
54.7
5.9
20.4
3.1
2.5
2.8
6.5
359.2
17.0
5.2
7.2
10.7
11.9
9.5
6.0
111.4
77.4
8.7
28.4
4.4
3.3
3.9
8.7
8.1
8.8
12.1
16.0
9.1
14.6
4.3
5.9
9.4
7.6
9.7
10.1
7.3
9.5
6.3
4.7
4.2
6.6
8.9
6.3
2.7
7.4
2.1
3.6
5.9
3.5
6.1
6.6
4.5
5.3
3.3
6.5
5.6
9.3
11.5
8.6
4.0
10.4
3.0
4.8
8.3
5.2
8.5
9.3
6.0
7.2
4.3
499.3
164.3
325.2
519.6
120.0
339.5
505.4
164.4
330.1
25.6
9.6
15.9
19.5
5.2
12.2
22.8
9.0
14.1
5.1
5.8
4.9
3.7
4.3
3.6
4.5
5.4
4.3
1,550.6
208.2
214.6
307.8
1,600.6
219.5
219.0
323.7
1,585.9
217.7
217.5
318.5
109.0
9.6
8.6
18.4
94.0
10.1
7.9
15.6
96.4
10.7
8.7
15.2
7.0
4.6
4.0
6.0
5.9
4.6
3.6
4.8
6.1
4.9
4.0
4.8
324.1
36.0
67.6
339.0
38.9
69.9
330.8
37.8
68.4
20.2
2.4
4.0
16.9
1.9
3.0
18.1
2.2
3.1
6.2
6.6
5.9
5.0
5.0
4.3
5.5
5.8
4.6
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
New York1
Albany-Schenectady-Troy.
Binghamton
Buffalo
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City1
Orange County
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
8,420.4
409.1
128.2
435.2
39.5
49.6
1,381.0
3,940.9
3,278.0
123.9
126.1
494.7
315.8
134.0
8,453.9
411.2
124.7
438.8
39.6
50.4
1,417.6
3,933.8
3,261.0
125.4
126.1
490.8
318.5
134.0
8,499.4
419.3
126.6
440.8
40.3
51.2
1,416.2
3,946.8
3,270.0
126.6
126.7
496.7
323.2
135.7
560.9
24.4
9.4
35.0
3.4
4.2
62.0
265.2
240.0
7.4
5.2
29.1
23.9
12.4
460.1
19.3
6.1
27.3
2.2
3.4
50.5
225.3
204.0
5.3
3.9
25.5
21.8
8.8
North Carolina1
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point...
Raleigh-Durham
3,160.0
84.9
586.3
502.5
379.2
3,218.6
86.0
602.1
503.2
390.7
3,226.6
86.0
605.6
507.0
392.6
186.3
4.8
29.3
27.3
12.4
308.0
40.8
80.0
32.5
313.1
43.1
82.2
35.1
305.8
42.1
81.4
33.3
Ohio1
Akron
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield ....
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren.
5,127.2
314.8
189.2
706.6
915.0
656.8
451.7
298.6
221.2
5,258.9
322.9
190.3
738.5
935.9
686.7
468.0
313.7
228.7
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City .
Tulsa
1,565.9
31.7
47.4
508.5
346.2
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield .
Portland
Salem
Pennsylvania1
Allentown-Bethlehem
Altoona
Beaver County
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle .
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks
Rhode Island
Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro..
Providence
South Carolina
Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg .
South Dakota.
Rapid City
Sioux Falls ...
See footnotes at end of table.
116
Percent of
abor force
Number
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
i
5 7
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
D-1. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of
labor force
Number
State and area
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
186.0
13.5
15.6
23.5
28.8
25.1
9.2
7.9
8.4
9.0
7.8
5.6
7.6
6.7
6.6
7.9
6.5
4.5
8.1
6.7
7.5
6.5
6.6
5.0
724.1
5.0
6.2
806.8
5.7
7.0
8.7
8.9
6.2
25.8
19.9
8.5
14.1
29.5
23.4
9.3
6.9
5.7
6.0
4.4
12.6
8.9
13.5
4.8
9.6
4.6
9.1
4.9
9.8
7.6
6.7
12.3
9.6
5.9
18.3
5.4
6.3
4.5
5.9
5.7
8.5
7.0
6.8
6.2
6.0
12.3
10.4
14.7
6.2
8.9
32.4
6.8
7.2
6.2
6.0
7.2
5.2
7.4
9.1
6.4
13.3
2.2
15.2
2.8
5.6
3.9
4.5
3.0
5.2
3.8
49.1
68.3
563.1
419.7
116.5
158.9
2.9
5.7
4.1
29.7
18.4
5.5
137.9
2.6
4.1
3.6
27.1
16.7
5.7
148.6
2.4
4.0
3.7
5.6
5.6
4.7
11.1
6.0
5.3
4.6
4.8
4.7
4.0
8.1
5.1
4.7
4.0
4.7
5.2
3.8
8.2
5.5
5.3
4.4
4.8
2,184.3
979.2
2,172.1
976.0
197.0
64.0
180.3
60.7
201.5
66.6
9.4
6.9
8.3
6.2
9.3
6.8
746.0
116.4
127.2
71.1
71.0
743.2
116.2
127.5
72.6
71.5
749.9
117.5
127.4
72.1
71.4
106.6
12.9
16.7
8.9
9.9
86.5
10.0
12.9
8.0
7.8
97.8
11.7
16.3
8.4
8.2
14.3
11.1
13.1
12.5
13.9
11.6
8.6
10.2
11.1
11.0
13.0
9.9
12.8
11.7
11.5
2,351.1
2,423.6
2,405.7
157.8
69.7
100.6
68.7
51.8
50.6
205.4
722.2
85.1
52.0
58.0
202.9
171.9
190.6
7.9
7.9
8.0
7.7
8.6
9.7
6.6
4.9
6.3
8.4
6.0
Jan.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987P
2,250.5
197.0
208.2
271.1
416.6
489.2
2,343.0
204.3
213.5
279.8
443.5
517.8
2,297.8
202.0
208.6
276.0
434.2
502.1
207.5
15.7
17.6
24.5
32.6
27.3
178.3
13.7
14.2
22.2
28.9
23.1
7,923.4
55.3
97.5
412.6
159.5
78.6
89.8
55.9
159.8
1,371.7
213.8
626.4
103.5
1,586.0
84.5
41.3
78.1
107.2
138.7
52.2
59.8
44.0
556.4
46.4
55.7
73.1
37.1
87.3
55.6
8,317.5
55.8
8,208.7
55.4
98.6
432.3
160.5
79.6
95.3
55.3
545.3
3.2
5.8
18.0
20.1
7.0
12.2
2.7
15.3
63.3
19.4
30.5
10.2
120.2
5.7
5.1
7.5
6.3
25.3
2.8
3.8
2.0
32.8
2.6
4.7
5.1
2.5
5.4
3.3
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Odgen
736.9
96.7
486.9
763.0
100.1
505.7
758.2
45.6
7.2
26.3
56.3
504.8
50.4
6.9
30.1
Vermont
Burlington
286.8
70.1
296.8
73.2
293.5
72.7
16.1
2.8
Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
2,827.3
61.7
51.0
68.8
557.0
401.0
114.8
2,931.4
2,861.5
64.9
50.6
62.5
70.8
580.0
417.8
119.9
Washington
Seattle
2,097.9
922.6
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis LMA
Nashville
Texas1
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Midland
Odessa
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
ft
ft
ft
ft2
()
ft
ft2
243.1
100.4
437.8
162.2
81.4
95.7
57.4
168.0
1,440.7
231.1
671.8
107.0
1,620.2
90.5
45.4
80.7
113.8
150.4
51.9
59.2
46.1
599.2
49.6
58.2
77.7
38.6
93.7
57.7
()
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft2
()
ft
239.5
1
Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey. See the
Explanatory Notes for State and Area Labor Force Data.
2
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Estimates for 1986 have been
167.5
1,420.6
226.7
665.1
106.2
1,594.4
89.4
45.8
80.5
110.6
149.8
51.4
58.2
45.2
592.4
49.0
57.7
76.6
38.3
91.8
57.5
97.5
237.9
Jan.
1986
ft
ft
ft
ft
(2)
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft2
3.6
20.5
82.6
24.8
43.0
11.3
160.9
6.9
7.7
9.3
6.8
29.8
5.5
9.0
3.1
45.1
3.9
4.9
7.3
3.7
7.6
4.6
Jan.
1987P
15.8
3.8
22.4
94.8
26.6
51.8
12.5
174.9
7.6
8.8
10.2
7.6
32.1
5.9
9.3
3.4
51.7
4.3
5.4
7.6
4.2
8.1
5.3
29.6
18.5
12.5
5.6
7.8
()
ft
ft
()
ft
ft
22.6
benchmarked to
11 States and
provisional and
available. Area
publication.
Dec.
1986
23.3
5.9
5.0
3.4
10.0
45.4
7.1
3.1
5.6
25.3
5.9
12.2
5.7
10.7
6.4
10.6
9.9
7.6
16.9
10.2
7.1
6.8
14.6
11.7
16.6
6.9
13.4
6.7
11.7
7.8
11.8
11.0
8.5
19.1
11.5
6.0
19.8
10.6
15.2
6.7
7.5
7.8
8.4
12.7
6.9
21.4
9.4
9.7
8.1
9.9
10.9
8.8
7.9
9.3
8.6
7.1
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
9.3
9.7
()
11.4
15.9
7.5
8.7
8.8
9.3
10.6
1986 Current Population Survey annual averages. Except in the
2 areas designated by footnote 1, estimates for 1987 are
will be revised when new benchmark information becomes
definitions are published annually in the May issue of this
117
Explanatory Notes
Introduction
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) Household interviews, and (2)
reports from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained
from a sample survey of the population 16 years of age
and over. The survey is conducted each month by the
Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics
and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the
employed, and the unemployed, including such
characteristics as age, sex, race, family relationship,
marital status, occupation, and industry attachment.
The survey also provides data on the characteristics and
past work experience of those not in the labor force.
The information is collected by trained interviewers from
a sample of about 59,500 households, representing 729
areas in 1,973 counties and independent cities, with
coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia. The
data collected are based on the activity or status
reported for the calendar week including the 12th of the
month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled
each month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The
establishment survey is designed to provide industry information on nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly earnings,
and average weekly earnings for the Nation, States, and
metropolitan areas. The employment, hours, and earnings series are currently based on payroll reports from a
sample of 250,000 establishments employing over 38
million nonagricultural wage and salary workers. The
data relate to all workers, full or part time, who received
pay during the payroll period which includes the 12th
day of the month.
RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND
ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data supplement
one another, each providing significant types of information that the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily obtained
only from the household survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from
establishment reports.
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of differences in definitions and coverage,
sources of information, methods of collection, and
estimating procedures. Sampling variability and
response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies.
The major factors which have a differential effect on
the levels and trends of the two series are as follows.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment comprises wage and salary workers (including
domestics and other private household workers), selfemployed persons, unpaid workers who worked 15
hours or more during the survey week in familyoperated enterprises, and members of the Armed Forces
stationed in the United States. Civilian employment in
both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary
employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural
establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides information on the work status of the population without
duplication, since each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons holding more than one job are counted only once
and are classified according to the job at which they
worked the greatest number of hours during the survey
week. In the figures based on establishment reports,
persons who worked in more than one establishment
during the reporting period are counted each time their
names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes among the employed all civilians who had jobs
but were not at work during the survey week—that is,
were not working but had jobs from which they were
temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or because they
were taking time off for various other reasons, even if
they were not paid by their employers for the time off.
In the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave
paid for by the company are included, but not those on
leave without pay for the entire payroll period.
For a comprehensive discussion of the differences
between household and establishment survey employment data, see Gloria P. Green's article "Comparing
Employment Estimates From Household and Payroll
Surveys," Monthly Labor Review, December 1969.
119
Hours of work
The household survey measures hours actually worked whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for
by employers. In the household survey data, all persons
with a job but not at work are excluded from the hours
distributions and the computations of average hours. In
the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory
employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick
leave are included and assigned the number of hours for
which they were paid during the reporting period.
Earnings
The household survey measures median earnings of
wage and salary workers in all occupations and industries in both the private and public sectors. Data
refer to the usual earnings received from the worker's
sole or primary job. Data from the establishment survey
generally refer to average earnings of production and
related workers in mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in private service-producing industries. For a
comprehensive discussion of the household survey earnings series, see Technical Description of the Quarterly
Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population
Survey, BLS Bulletin 2113.
COMPARABILITY OF THE HOUSEHOLD DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total
from the household survey includes all persons who did
not have a job at all during the survey week and were
looking for work or were waiting to be called back to a
job from* which they had been laid off, whether or not
they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures
on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the
Employment and Training Administration of the
Department of Labor, exclude persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have not
earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons
losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance
systems (some workers in agriculture, domestic services,
and religious organizations, and self-employed and unpaid family workers). Beginning in January 1978,
coverage was extended to include domestic workers
whose employers paid $1,000 or more in wages in any
calendar quarter, agricultural employees whose
employers engaged 10 or more workers in 20 weeks or
paid a total of $20,000 or more in wages in any calendar
quarter, and almost all State and local government
employees.
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of
unemployment used in the household survey. For example, persons with a job but not at work and persons
working only a few hours during the week are
120
sometimes eligible for unemployment compensation but
are classified as employed rather than unemployed in
the household survey.
For an examination of the similarities and differences
between State insured unemployment and total
unemployment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured
Unemployment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971
issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
Agricultural employment estimates of the Department
of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are
the inclusion of persons under 16 in the Economics and
Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual
jobholders, who are counted more than once if they
work on more than one farm during the reporting
period. There are also wide differences in sampling
techniques and collecting and estimating methods,
which cannot be readily measured in terms of their impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two
series.
COMPARABILITY OF THE PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of the
Census, BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from employment counts derived by the Bureau of
Census from its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and business establishments. The major reasons
for noncomparability are different treatment of
business units considered parts of an establishment,
such as central administrative offices and auxiliary
units, the industrial classification of establishments, and
different reporting patterns by multiunit companies.
There are also differences in the scope of the industries
covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes professional services, public utilities, and financial
establishments, whereas these are included in the BLS
statistics.
County Business Patterns. Data in County Business
Patterns (CBP), published by the Bureau of the Census,
U.S. Department of Commerce, differ from BLS
establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may
also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate
railroads and government, and coverage is incomplete
for some of the nonprofit activities.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance
programs. Most nonagricultural wage and salary
workers are covered by the unemployment insurance
programs. However, certain activities, such as interstate
railroads, parochial schools, and churches are not
covered by unemployment insurance whereas these are
included in the BLS establishment statistics.
Household Data
(A tables)
Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the
survey week, did any work at all as paid employees, in
Statistics on the employment status of the population,
their own business, profession, or on their own farm, or
the personal, occupational, and other characteristics of
who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an
the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the
enterprise operated by a member of the family; and (b)
labor force, and related data are compiled for the BLS by
all those who were not working but who had jobs or
the Bureau of the Census in its Current Population
businesses from which they were temporarily absent
Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey appears in Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, laborStatistics Derived from the Current Population Survey, management disputes, or personal reasons, whether
BLS Report 463. Historical national data are published
they were paid for the time off or were seeking other
in Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current
jobs. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
Population Survey: A Databook, BLS Bulletin 2096.
United States are also included in the employed total.
Each employed person is counted only once. Those
These monthly surveys of the population are conwho held more than one job are counted in the job at
ducted with a scientifically selected sample designed to
which they worked the greatest number of hours during
represent the civilian noninstitutional population.
the survey week.
Respondents are interviewed to obtain information
about the employment status of each member of the
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign
household 16 years of age and over. The inquiry relates
countries who are temporarily in the United States but
to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday
not living on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are
through Saturday, which includes the 12th of the
persons whose only activity consisted of work around
month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field
the house (painting, repairing, or own home
interviewing is conducted in the following week.
housework) or volunteer work for religious, charitable,
Inmates of institutions and persons under 14 years of
and similar organizations.
age are not covered in the regular monthly enumeraUnemployed persons are all civilians who had no
tions, and are excluded from the population and labor
employment during the survey week, were4 available for
force statistics shown in this report. Data on the
work, except for temporary illness, and had made
members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
specific efforts to find employment sometime during
States, who are included as part of the categories
the prior 4 weeks. Persons who were waiting to be
"noninstitutional population," "labor force," and
recalled to a job from which they had laid off or were
"total employment." are obtained from the Departwaiting to report to a new job within 30 days need not
ment of Defense.
be looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Each month about 59,500 occupied units are eligible
Duration of unemployment represents the length of
for interview. About 2,500 of these households are time (through the current survey week) during which
visited but interviews are not obtained because the oc- persons classified as unemployed had been continuously
cupants are not at home after repeated calls or are looking for work. For persons on layoff, duration of
unavailable for other reasons. This represents a unemployment represents the number of full weeks
noninterview rate for the survey of between 4 or 5 per- since the termination of their most recent employment.
cent. In addition to the 59,500 occupied units, there are A period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was
11,000 sample units in an average month which are employed or ceased looking for work is considered to
visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not to be break the continuity of the present period of seeking
enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month. work. Measurements of mean and median duration are
The rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sam- computed from a distribution of single weeks of
ple to be common from 1 month to the next and one unemployment.
half to be common with the same month a year earlier.
Unemployment is also categorized according to the
status of individuals at the time they began to look for
work. The reasons for unemployment are divided into
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force four major groups. (1) Job losers are persons whose
data have been modified, but not substantially altered, employment ended involuntarily who immediately
since the inception of the survey in 1940; those used began looking for work, and persons on layoff. (2) Job
leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated
since 1967 are as follows:
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
121
their employment voluntarily and immediately began
looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who
previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or
longer but were out of the labor force prior to beginning
to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who
never worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or
longer. Each of these four categories of the unemployed
may be expressed as an unemployment rate or proportion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the
four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all
civilian workers.
Jobseekers are all unemployed persons who made
specific efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week
period preceding the survey week. Jobseekers do not include those persons unemployed because they (a) were
waiting to be called back to a job" from which they had
been laid off or (b) were waiting to report to a new job
within 30 days. Jobseekers are grouped by the methods
used to seek work, including going to a public or private
employment agency or to an employer directly, seeking
assistance from friends or relatives, placing or answering ads, or utilizing some other method. Examples of
the V other" category include being on a union or professional register, obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup
point.
The civilian labor force comprises all civilians
classified as employed or unemployed in accordance
with the criteria described above. The labor force also
includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States.
The overall unemployment rate represents the
number unemployed as a percent of the labor force, including members of the Armed Forces stationed in the
United States.
The unemployment rate for all civilian workers
represents the number unemployed as a percent of the
civilian labor force. This measure can also be computed
for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age,
race, Hispanic origin, marital status, etc.
Participation rates represent the proportion of the
population that is in the labor force. The labor force
participation rate is the ratio of the labor force, including the resident Armed Forces, to the noninstitutional population. The civilian labor force participation
rate is the ratio of the civilian labor force to the civilian
noninstitutional population. Civilian labor force participation rates are usually published for sex-age groups,
often cross-classified by other demographic
characteristics such as race and educational attainment.
Employment-population ratios represent the proportion of the noninstitutional population that is
employed. The total employment-population ratio is
total employment, including the resident Armed Forces,
122
as a percent of the noninstitutional population. The
civilian employment-population ratio is the percentage
of all employed civilians in the civilian noninstitutional
population.
Not in the labor force includes all persons who are not
classified as employed or unemployed. These persons
are further classified as engaged in own home
housework, in school, unable to work because of longterm physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The
"other" group includes individuals reported as too old
or temporarily unable to work, the voluntarily idle,
seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an
off season and who were not reported as looking for
work, and persons who did not look for work because
they believed that no jobs were available in the area or
that no jobs were available for which they could
qualify—discouraged workers. Persons doing only incidental, unpaid family work (less than 15 hours in the
specified week) are also classified as not in labor force.
For persons not in the labor force, data on previous
work experience, intentions to seek work, desire for a
job at the time of interview, and reasons for not looking
for work are published on a quarterly basis. As of
January 1970, the detailed questions for persons not in
the labor force are asked only in those households that
are in the fourth and eighth months of the sample, i.e.,
the "outgoing" groups, those which had been in the
sample for 3 previous months and would not be in for
the subsequent month. Between 1967 and 1969 these
questions were asked in those households entering the
sample for the first time and those returning for the second 4 months of interviewing, i.e., the "incoming"
groups.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the
employed apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in the job at
which they worked the greatest number of hours during
the survey week. The unemployed are classified according to their last full-time job lasting 2 weeks or more.
The classifications of occupations and industries used in
data derived from the CPS are defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed categories included in
these groups is available upon request.
The class-of-worker breakdown specifies wage and
salary workers subdivided into private and government
workers; self-employed workers; and unpaid family
workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages,
salary, commission, tips, or pay in kind from a private
employer or from a government unit. Self-employed
persons are those who work for profit or fees in their
own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm.
Unpaid family workers are persons working without
pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a
business operated by a member of the household to
whom they are related by birth or marriage.
Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number
of hours worked during the survey week. For example,
persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were
off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as
working 32 hours even though they were paid for the
holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the
figures relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs
during the week; all the hours are credited to the major
job.
Persons who worked 35 hours or more during the
survey week are designated as working full time. Persons who worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated
as working part time. Part-time workers are classified
by their usual status at their present job (either full or
part time) and by their reason for working part time
during the survey week (economic or noneconomic
reasons). Economic reasons include: Slack work,
material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start
or termination of a job during the week, and inability to
find full-time work. Noneconomic reasons include:
Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation,
demands of home or school, no desire for full-time
work, and full-time worker only during peak season.
Persons on full-time schedules include, in addition to
those working 35 hours or more, those who worked
from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic reasons and usually
work full time.
Data on employment "at work" differ from data on
total employment because they exclude persons in the
zero-hours-worked category, "with a job but not at
work." These are persons who were absent from their
jobs for the entire week for such reasons as bad
weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor
dispute.
Employed persons are also categorized into full- and
part-time groupings based primarily on their usual
status. In this context, full-time workers are those who
(a) worked 35 hours or more during the survey week, (b)
worked 1 to 34 hours for economic or noneconomic
reasons, but usually work full time, and (c) were with a
job but not at work and usually work full time. Similarly, part-time workers are those who (a) voluntarily
worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week, (b) worked 1 to 34 hours for economic reasons, but usually work
part time, i.e., persons who could only find part-time
work; and (c) were with a job but not at work and usually work part time.
Unemployment rates for full- and part-time workers
are calculated using the concepts of the full- and parttime labor force which are based on the type of
job—full or part-time—that persons—whether working
or unemployed—report that they want. The "full-time
labor force" includes all persons working part time but
who desire full-time work, that is, working part time for
economic reasons. Thus, this category consists of per-
sons on full-time schedules; all persons involuntarily
working part time regardless of their usual status; and
unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The "parttime labor force" consists of persons working part time
voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time
work. Employed persons with a job but not at work are
distributed according to whether they usually work on
full-time or voluntary part-time schedules.
Labor force time lost is a measure of aggregate hours
lost to the economy through unemployment and involuntary part-time employment and is expressed as a
percent of potentially available aggregate hours. It is
computed by assuming that; (1) unemployed persons
looking for full-time work lost an average of 37.5 hours,
(2) those looking for part-time work lost the average
number of hours actually worked by voluntary parttime workers during the survey week, and (3) persons on
part time for economic reasons lost the difference between 37.5 hours and the actual number of hours they
worked.
White, black, and other are terms used to describe the
race of workers. Included in the "other" group are
American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and
Pacific Islanders. All tables in this publication which
contain racial data, with the exception of A-5 and its annual counterpart, present data for the black population
group. Because of their relatively small sample size,
data for "other" races are not published. In the
enumeration process, race is determined by the
household respondent.
Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified
themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican,
Puerto Rican living on the mainland, Cuban, Central or
South American, or of other Hispanic origin or descent.
Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race; thus
they are included in both the white and black population
groups.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served in the
Armed Forces of the United States between August 5,
1964, and May 7, 1975. Data are limited to men in the
civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans in institutions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are
men who never served in the Armed Forces.
Usual weekly earnings data are provided from
responses to the question "How much does . . . USUALLY earn per week at this job before deductions?" Included are any overtime pay, commissions, or tips
usually received. The term "usual" is as perceived by
the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition
of usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term
as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or
5 months. Data refer to wage and salary workers (excluding the incorporated self-employed) who usually
work full time on their sole or primary job.
Median earnings indicate the value which divides the
earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part hav123
ing values above the median and the other having values
below the median. The medians as shown in this
publication are calculated by linear interpolation of the
$50 centered interval within which each median falls.
Data expressed in constant dollars are deflated by the
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and
other marital status are terms used to define the marital
status of individuals at the time of interview. Married,
spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were
reported as members of the same household even
though one may be temporarily absent on business,
vacation, on a visit, in a hospital, etc. Other marital
status applies to persons who are married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse absent, includes persons who are separated because of marital
discord, as well as persons who are living apart because
either the husband or the wife was employed and living
away from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or had a
different place of residence for any reason.
A household consists or an persons—related family
members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a
housing unit. A house, an apartment, a group of rooms,
or a single room is regarded as a housing unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as separate living
quarters.
A householder is the person (or one of the persons) in
whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The
term is never applied to either husbands or wives in
married-couple families but relates only to persons in
families maintained by either men or women without a
spouse.
Family refers to a group of two or more persons
residing together who are related by birth, marriage, or
adoption; all such persons are considered as members of
one family even though they may include a related subfamily, that is, a married couple or a parent-child group
related by birth or marriage to the householder and
sharing the living quarters. The count of families used in
this publication excludes unrelated subfamilies such as
lodgers, guests, or resident employees living in a
household but not related to the householder. Families
are classified either as married-couple families or as
families maintained by women or men without spouses.
A family maintained by a woman or a man is one in
which the householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married, spouse absent. Data on the earnings
of families exclude all those in which there is no wage or
salary earner or in which the husband, wife, or other
persons maintaining the family is either self-employed
or in the Armed Forces.
Poverty areas are defined as those census tracts in
tracted areas, and Minor Civil Division's (MCD'S) in untracted areas, in which 20 percent or more of the
noninstitutional residents were poor according to the
124
1980 decennial census. Persons were classified as poor
or nonpoor by comparing money income to a series of
poverty income thresholds which vary by family size
and number of children. While poverty areas have a
substantial concentration of low-income residents,
many poor persons live outside these areas, and, conversely, the areas include many people who are not
poor.
' The metropolitan areas classification consists of the
total of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA'S) as
defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
as of June 30, 1984. These definitions differ from those
used in the 1980 decennial census. A detailed discussion
of the MSA definitions as well as changes in terminology
can be found in "The New Metropolitan Area Definitions" section of the 1980 Census of Population Supplementary Report on Metropolitan Statistical Areas,
PC-S1-18. Nonmetropolitan areas consist of the total
territory outside MSA'S.
The urban population, as defined for the 1980 census,
comprises all persons living in urbanized areas and in
places of 2,500 or more inhabitants outside urbanized
areas. More specifically, the urban population consists
of all persons living in (1) places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated as cities, villages, boroughs (except in Alaska and New York), and towns (except in the
New England States, New York, and Wisconsin), but
excluding those persons living in the rural portions of
extended cities; and (2) other territories, incorporated
and unincorporated, included in urbanized areas. The
population not classified as urban constitutes the rural
population.
HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Change in lower age limit
The lower age limit for official statistics on the labor
force, employment, and unemployment was raised from
14 to 16 years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, historical series have been revised to provide consistent information based on the population 16 years and
over. For a detailed discussion of this and other definitional changes introduced at that time, including
estimates of their effect on the various series, see "New
Definitions for Employment and Unemployment,"
Employment and Earnings and Monthly Report on the
Labor Force, February 1967.
Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the changes introduced in 1967, there
are several other periods of noncomparability in the
labor force data: (1) Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from the 1950 census into the estimating
procedures, population levels were raised by about
600,000; labor force, total employment, and
agricultural employment were increased by about
350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and
men; other categories were relatively unaffected. (2)
Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii
resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and about 300,000 in the labor force, four-fifths of
this increase was in nonagricultural employment; other
labor force categories were not appreciably affected. (3)
Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the
1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and
labor force and employment by about 200,000;
unemployment totals were virtually unchanged. (4)
Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census
was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing the population by about 800,000; labor force and
employment totals were raised by a little more than
300,000; and unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. (5) A subsequent population adjustment based on the 1970 census was introduced in March
1973. This adjustment, which affected the white and
black-and-other groups but had little effect on totals,
resulted in the reduction of nearly 300,000 in the white
population and an increase of the same magnitude in the
black-and-other population. Civilian labor force am
total employment figures were affected to a lesser
degree; the white labor force was reduced by 150,000,
and the black-and-other labor force rose by about
210,000. Unemployment levels and rates were not
significantly affected.
In addition, beginning in January 1974, the
methodology used to prepare independent estimates of
the civilian noninstitutional population was modified to
an inflation-deflation approach. This change in the
derivation of the estimates had its greatest impact on
estimates of 20- to 24-year-old men—particularly those
of the black-and-other population—but had little effect
on^estimates of the total population 16 years and over.
Additional information on the adjustment procedure
appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from
Inflation-Deflation Method of Estimation", in the
February 1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Effective in July 1975, as a result of the immigration
of Vietnamese refugees into the United States, the total
and black-and-other independent population controls
for persons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by
76,000—30,000 men and 46,000 women. The addition
of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, and all
of the changes were in the other population.
Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation
procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in
the civilian labor force and employment totals;
unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation of the procedural changes and
an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in
the Current Population Survey in January 1978" in the
February 1978 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual
was determined by the household respondent for the incoming rotation group households, rather than by the
interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to
provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by
race. Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample
households had race determined by the household
respondent and seven-eighths of the sample households
had race determined by interviewer observation. It was
not until January 1980 that the entire sample had race
determined by the household respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on the estimates.
Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio
estimation method was changed in the CPS estimation
procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for metropolitan and
nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for the total United
States. The reasoning behind the change and an indication of the differences appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January 1979" in the
February 1979 issue of Emplovment and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. The purpose of the change and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the
February 1982 issue of Employment and Earnings. In
addition, current population estimates used in the
second-stage estimation procedure are derived from information obtained from the 1980 census, rather than
the 1970 census. This change caused substantial increases in total population and estimates of persons in
all labor force categories. Rates for labor force
characteristics, however, remained virtually unchanged.
Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted back to
1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment
procedure used is also described in the February 1982
article cited above. The revisions did not, however,
smooth out the breaks in series occurring between 1972
and 1979 that are described above, and data users
should make allowances for them in making certain
data comparisons.
Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment methodology was updated to account for
results obtained from the 1980 census. The purpose of
the change and an indication of its effect on national
estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings. Inhere were only slight differences
between the old and new procedures in estimates of
levels for the various labor force characteristics and vir125
tually no differences in estimates of participation rates.
Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the
CPS estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment, the first and second-stage ratio adjustments, and
the composite estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in the Estimating Methods section. A description of the changes and an indication of
their effect on national estimates of labor force
characteristics appear in "Changes in Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of this
publication. Overall, the revisions had only a slight effect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on
estimates of persons of Hispanic origin. Major
estimates were revised back to January 1980.
Beginning in January 1986, the population controls
used in the second-stage ratio adjustment methodology
were revised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number
of undocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since
1980 and an improved estimate of the number of legal
foreign-born emigrants for the same time period. As a
result, the total civilian population and labor force
estimates were raised by nearly 400,000; civilian
employment was increased by about 350,000. The
Hispanic-origin civilian population and labor force
estimates were raised by about 425,000 and 305,000,
respectively, and civilian employment by 270,000.
Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and rates
were not significantly affected. Because of the
magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data have
been revised back to January 1980 to the extent possible. An explanation of the changes and their effect on
estimates of labor force characteristics appears in
"Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the
February 1986 issue of this publication.
and February 1972 issues, respectively, of Employment
and Earnings.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census
were introduced into the CPS. These systems differ from
those developed for the 1970 census which were used in
the CPS from January 1971 through December 1982.
The 1980 census occupational classification system
evolved from the Standard Occupational Classification
system (soc). While the CPS occupational data are now
comparable with other data sources, the new system is
so radically different in concepts and nomenclature
from the 1970 system that comparisons of historical
data are not possible without major adjustments. For
example, the 1980 major group "sales occupations" is
substantially larger than the 1970 category "sales
workers". Major additions include "cashiers" frcta
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors
in retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Changes in the sample design
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational
employment data was affected as a result of changes in
the occupational classification system for the 1970 census that were introduced into the CPS. Comparability
was further affected in December 1971, when a question
relating to major activity or duties was added to the
monthly CPS questionnaire in order to determine more
precisely the occupational classification of individuals.
As a result of these changes, meaningful comparisons of
occupational employment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and prior years nor between those 2
years. Unemployment rates were not significantly affected. For a further explanation of the changes in the
occupational classification system, see *'Revisions in
Occupational Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey" in the February 1971
126
The industrial classification system used in the 1980
census is based on the 1972 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system, as modified in 1977. The
adoption of the new system had much less of an adverse
effect on historical comparability than did the new occupational system. The most notable changes from the
1970 system were the transfer of farm equipment stores
from "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal service from
"public administration" to "transportation", and
some interchange between "professional and related
services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational and industrial classification systems appears in
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Beginning
in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Since the inception of the survey, there have been
various changes in the design of the CPS sample. Most of
these changes were made in order to improve the efficiency of the sample design and/or to increase the
reliability of the sample estimates.
One major change made after every decennial census
is to change the sample design to make use of the recently collected census materials. Also, the number of
sample areas and the number of sample persons are increased occasionally. In 1953, the current rotation plan
was introduced in which a sample unit is interviewed for
4 months, leaves the sample for 8 months, and then
returns to the sample for another 4 months. When
Alaska and Hawaii achieved statehood, three more sample areas were added to account for the population in
these States. After the 1960 census, selection of a major
portion of the sample from census address lists was
begun, though a portion of the sample is still collected
using area sampling. Following the 1970 census, the
ultimate sampling unit was changed from a noncontiguous cluster of six housing units to a usually contiguous cluster of four housing units. In January 1978, a
supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in
24 States and the District of Columbia and designed to
provide more reliable annual average estimates for
States, was incorporated into the design. In October
1978 a coverage improvement sample, composed of approximately 450 sample household units which
represented 237,000 occupied mobile homes and
600,000 new construction housing units, was included in
computing the estimates in order to provide coverage of
mobile homes and new construction units that previously had no chance for selection in the CPS sample selected
from the 1970 census frame. In January 1980, another
supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected in 32
States and the District of Columbia was added to the existing sample. A sample reduction of about 6,000 units
was implemented in May 1981. Beginning in January
1982, the sample was expanded by 100 households to
provide additional coverage in counties added to
SMSA'S, which were redefined in 1973.
Beginning in 1985, a new State-based CPS sample was
selected based on 1980 census information rather than
1970 census information. The selection of new sample
areas provided an opportunity to improve the efficiency
of the sample design. Sample areas chosen to replace incoming sample areas account for only 10 percent of the
national estimate. The new CPS sample has resulted in
increased reliability for State estimates with a slightly
reduced sample size. The reliability of national
estimates is unaffected. Sample households are chosen
from 729 sample areas, which represent 1,973
geographic areas in the United States. This current
number of sample areas is not completely comparable to
the old number of sample areas since many of the sample areas have been redefined. (See pp. 7-10 of the May
1984 issue of Employment and Earnings, for an overview of these new definitions and the introduction of the
new sample.)
Table A provides a description of some aspects of the
CPS sample design in use during the different data collection periods. A more detailed account of the history
of the CPS sample design appears in the Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology, Technical Paper
No. 40, Bureau of the Census, or Concepts and
Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived From
the Current Population Survey, Report 463, Bureau of
Labor Statistics.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of
the results for a given month become available
simultaneously and are based on returns from the entire
panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data from each sample person by
the inverse of the probability of the person being in the
sample. This gives a rough measure of the number of actual persons that the sample person represents. Beginning in 1985, almost all sample persons within the same
State will have the same probability of selection. These
estimates are then adjusted for noninterviews, and the
ratio estimation procedure is applied.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed households are adjusted to the extent needed to
account for occupied sample households for which no
information was obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability of the
respondents for other reasons. This noninterview adjustment is made separately by combinations of similar
sample areas that are not necessarily contained within a
State. Similarity of sample areas is based on
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size.
Within each combination of sample areas there is a further breakdown by residence, MSA sample areas are
categorized by central city and the balance of the MSA.
Residence categories of non-MSA areas are urban and
rural. The proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent, depending on
weather, vacation, etc.
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population
selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by
chance, from that of the population as a whole, in such
characteristics as age, race, sex, and residence. Since
these characteristics are closely correlated with labor
force participation and other principal measurements
made from the sample, the survey estimates can be
substantially improved when weighted appropriately by
the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages
of ratio estimates as follows:
a. First-stage ratio estimate. In the CPS, a portion of
the 729 sample areas is chosen to represent other areas
not in the sample; the remainder of the sample areas
represent only themselves. The first-stage ratio estimation procedure was designed to reduce the portion of the
variance resulting from requiring sample areas to represent nonsample areas. Therefore, this procedure is not
applied to sample areas which represent only
themselves. The adjustment is made at the State level
for each of the 43 States which contains nonsample
areas by race cells of black and non-black. The procedure corrects for differences that existed in each cell at
the time of the 1980 census between the race distribution
of the population in sample areas and the known race
distribution of the State.
127
Table A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to date
Time period
Aug.1947 to Jan.1954 .
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956 .
May 1956 to Dec. 1959 .
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963 .
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966.
Jan. 1967 to July 1971 .
Aug. 1971 to July 1972 .
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979 .
Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981.
May 1981 to Dec. 1984 .
Jan. 1985 to present .
Interviewed
Not interviewed
Households visited but
not eligible
68
230
330
2
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000
500-1.000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1.500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000
1
1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in each State and the District of Columbia.
b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this stage, the sample proportions of persons in specific categories are adjusted to the distribution of independent current
estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population in
the same categories. The second-stage ratio adjustment
which is performed to further reduce variability of the
estimates and to correct to some extent for CPS undercoverage relative to the decennial census, is carried out
in three steps. In the first step, the sample estimates are
adjusted within each State and the District of Columbia
to an independent control for the population 16 years
and over. The second step involves an adjustment by Hispanic origin to a national estimate for 8
age-sex categories by Hispanic and npn-Hispanic. In the
third step, a national adjustment is made by the race
categories of white, black, and other races to independent estimates by age and sex. The white and black
categories contain 32 age-sex groups each while the
other races category has 6 age-sex cells. The entire
second-stage adjustment procedure is iterated six times,
each time beginning at the weights developed the
previous time. This ensures that the sample estimates Of
the population for both State and national age-sex-raceorigin categories will be virtually equal to the independent population control totals. This second-stage adjustment procedure incorporates changes instituted in
January 1985. The nature and effect of these changes
are discussed in detail in " Changes in Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in
January 1985" in the February 1985 issue of Employment and Earnings.
The controls by State for the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years and over are an arithmetic extrapolation of the trend in the growth of this segment of
the population from the April 1, 1980, census through
the latest available July 1 estimate, adjusted as a last
step to a current estimate of the U.S. population of this
group. State estimates by age for July 1 are published
annually in Current Population Reports, Series P-25.
For a description of the methodology used in developing
128
Households eligible
Number of sample
areas
2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and
Hawaii after statehood.
the State total, use Report 640 of that series. A description of the age estimates methodology is available upon
request from the Chief of the Population Division, U.S.
Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. 20233.
Prior to January 1985, there was no separate control
for Hispanics in the second-stage ratio procedure. These
Hispanic controls are prepared by carrying forward the
1980 census count for Hispanics by adding estimated
Hispanic births and immigrants and subtracting
estimated Hispanic deaths and emigrants to yield an
estimate of the Hispanic population by age and sex.
During the period from January 1982 to December
1984, the "inflation-deflation" method was temporarily discontinued in the preparation of the independent
national controls used for the age-sex-race groups in the
third step of the second-stage ratio estimation procedure. These controls were prepared by carrying forward the 1980 census data after taking account of subsequent aging of the population, births, deaths, and net
migration and then subtracting the estimate for the institutional population and Armed Forces. Beginning in
January 1985, the "inflation-deflation" method of
deriving independent population controls was reintroduced into the CPS estimation procedure. With the
"inflation-deflation" method, the independent controls
are prepared by inflating the 1980 census counts to include estimated undercounts by age, sex and race, aging
this population forward to each subsequent month and
later age by adding births and net migration, and subtracting deaths. These post-censal population estimates
are then deflated to census level to reflect the pattern of
net undercount in the most recent census by age, sex,
and race. Because an estimate of undercount is first added and then subtracted, the size of each race-sex group
is unaffected by the "inflation-deflation" method.
Similarly, the final estimate is affected only by the age
structure of the undercount, but not the level. This
feature of the method is important since the exact
amount of undercount in the 1980 census remains
unknown.
Data on births and deaths between April 1, 1980, and
the estimate date are based on tabulations of vital
statistics for the resident population made by the National Center for Health Statistics and data on deaths of
military personnel overseas from the Department of
Defense. Estimates of net civilian immigration are based
on data provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Department of Defense, the Office of
Personnel Management, and the Puerto Rico Planning
Board. The civilian noninstitutional population is derived by subtracting the Armed Forces and the institutional population for the estimate date from the total including Armed Forces overseas. The institutional
population is computed by applying institutional proportions derived from the 1980 census to the total
population, including Armed Forces overseas for the
estimate date. All computations described above are
performed in cells defined by single year of age, race,
and sex. The independent national control totals are
then obtained by collapsing these cells into broader age
groups for the population 16 years and older.
Beginning in January 1986, two changes were introduced into the estimation of the independent population controls. For the first time, an explicit allowance
for net undocumented immigration since April 1, 1980
(the census date) was added to the estimated level of
legal immigration. In addition, an increase in the
estimate of emigration of legal foreign-born residents
has been incorporated into the postcensal population
estimates since 1980. The nature and effect of these
changes are discussed in detail in "Changes in the
Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue
of Employment and Earnings.
3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics
for a given month, a composite estimating procedure is
used which takes account of net changes from the
previous month for continuing parts of the sample (75
percent), as well as the sample results for the current
month. Also included is an additional term which is an
estimate of the net difference between incoming and
continuing parts of the current month's sample. Almost
all estimates of month-to-month change are improved
by this procedure, and most estimates of level are also
improved, but to a lesser extent.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal
the totals shown in the same tables because of independent rounding of totals and components to the nearest
thousand. Similarly, sums of percent distributions may
not always equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
There are two types of errors possible in an estimate
based on a sample survey—sampling and nonsampling.
The standard errors provided primarily indicate the
magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially
measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in
response and enumeration but do not measure any
systematic biases in the data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error is unknown, but special studies have been conducted
to quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the
CPS, as discussed below. The effect of nonsampling error should be small on estimates of relative change, such
as-month-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levels
would be more severely affected by the nonsampling
error.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to
many sources, e.g., inability to obtain information
about all cases in the sample, definitional difficulties,
differences in the interpretation of questions, inability
or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, inability to recall information, errors made
in collection such as in recording or coding the data, errors made in processing the data, errors made in
estimating values for missing data, and failure to represent all sample households and all persons within sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase
of the survey have been studied by means of a reinterview program. This program is used to estimate various
sources of error as well as to evaluate and control the
work of the interviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected through reinterview at
regular intervals. The results indicate, among other
things, that the data published from the CPS are subject
to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS
reinterview program and some of the other results may
be found in the Current Population Survey Reinterview
Program, January 1961 through December 1966.
Technical Paper No. 19, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in the CPS data can be examined as a result of the
rotation plan used for the sample, since the level of the
estimates varies by rotation group. A description of
these effects appears in the "The Effects of Rotation
Group Bias on Estimates from Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar, Journal of the American Statistical
Association, Volume 70, No. 349, March 1975.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households.
Compared to the level of the decennial census, undercoverage is about 6 percent. It is known that the CPS
undercoverage varies with age, sex, race and Hispanic
origin. Generally, undercoverage is larger for men than
for women, and larger for blacks, Hispanics and other
129
races combined than for whites. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-race-origin population controls, as
described previously, partially corrects for the biases
due to survey undercover age. However, biases exist in
the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed
households or missed persons in interviewed households
have different characteristics than interviewed persons
in the same age-sex-race-origin group. Further, the independent population controls used have not been adjusted for undercoverage in the 1980 census.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the
CPS appears in "An Error Profile: Employment as
Measured by the Current Population Survey," by
Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy
Working Paper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards; in "The
Current Population Survey: An Overview," by Marvin
Thompson and Gary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and
Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and in The
Current Population Survey, Design and Methodology,
Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce. This last document includes
a comprehensive discussion of various sources of error
and describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
Sampling error. The standard error is primarily a
measure of sampling variability, that is, of the variation
that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the
entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and
its estimated standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, ranges that would include the average
of all possible samples with a known probability. For
example, if all possible samples were selected, each of
these surveyed under essentially the same general conditions and using the same sample design, and an estimate
and its estimated error were calculated from each sample, then:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from
one standard error below the estimate to one standard
error above the estimate would include the average
result of all possible samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6
standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard error
above the estimate would include the average of all
possible samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 2
standard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errors
above the estimate would include the average result of
all possible samples.
In order to derive standard errors that would be applicable to a large number of estimates and could be
prepared at a moderate cost, a number of approximations are required. First, the standard errors in this
volume reflect the sample design and estimation procedures in effect prior to the expansions for State
130
estimates. Thus, these standard errors may slightly
overstate the standard errors applicable to the present
design. Second, instead of computing an individual
standard error for each estimate, generalized sets of
standard errors are computed for various types of
characteristics. This generalization yields more stable
estimates of the standard errors. Consequently, the sets
of standard errors provided give an indication of the
order of magnitude of the standard error of an estimate
rather than the precise standard error.
Tables B and C show approximate standard errors for
major employment status characteristics for monthly
estimates and for changes for consecutive months.
These standard errors are applicable to the level of the
estimates in recent months (1985 annual averages).
Tables D through H provide generalized standard errors for monthly level and month-to-month change for
estimated totals, unemployment rates, and percentages.
Table I contains factors for use with table H for computing standard errors, as described below, for monthly
level and month-to-month change for percentages.
Standard errors for intermediate values not shown in.
the table may be approximated by linear interpolation.
The standard error for estimated changes from one
month to the next is more closely related to the monthly
level for the characteristic than to the size of the specific
month-to-month change itself. Thus, in order to use the
generalized standard errors for month-to-month change
as given in the tables of standard errors, it is necessary
to obtain the monthly estimate for the characteristic. It
should be noted that the tables of standard errors for
month-to-month change apply only to estimates of
change between 2 consecutive months. Estimates of
change for nonconsecutive months are subject to higher
standard errors. Table J contains factors for use with
tables D, F, H, and I to compute approximate standard errors for levels, labor force participation rates, and
percentages as pertaining to the year-to-year change of
monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in
quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in
yearly averages. Note that standard errors for changes
in quarterly and yearly estimates apply only to consecutive quarters and years. For years prior to 1967, the
standard errors must be adjusted due to the differences*
in the sample size. For years prior to 1956, the standard
errors should be multiplied by 1.50, and for the 1956-66
period, they should be multiplied by 1.22. Table K provides generalized standard errors for quarterly estimates
of persons and families for use with the CPS earnings
data.
Standard errors for estimated totals. Jables D and E
provide generalized standard errors for monthly totals
and for month-to-month change. The figures given in
these tables are to be used for the characteristics as indicated.
Table B. Standard errors for major employment status
categories
(In thousands)
Standard error of—
Employment status, sex,
age, and race
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Black, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed. .
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force .
Employed
Unemployed
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force.
Employed.
Unemployed
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed...
Unemployed
. .
Monthly
level
Month-tomonth
change (consecutive
months only)
244
263
131
187
200
134
148
162
89
127
141
91
189
190
82
140
144
85
83
86
57
91
97
63
82
92
65
63
70
67
49
56
43
43
50
46
67
67
43
44
48
46
33
30
30
37
34
32
Illustration. Assume that in a given month the number
of persons working a specific number of hours was
12,000,000. an increase of 400,000 over the previous
month. Linear interpolation in the second column of
table D shows that the standard error on an estimate of
12,000,000 is about 159,000. The 68-percent confidence
interval as shown by these data is from 11,841,000 to
12,159,000. Therefore, a conclusion that the average
estimate derived from all possible samples lies within a
range computed in this way would be correct for
roughly 68 percent of all possible samples. Recall that
the standard error of a month-to-month change is
primarily dependent on the size of the monthly estimate.
Thus, using linear interpolation in the first column of
table E, the standard error on a month-to-month change
of 400,000, when the monthly level is approximately
12,000,000, is about 118,000.
Standard errors for rates and percentages. The reliability of an estimated unemployment rate or an estimated
percentage, computed using sample data for both
numerator and denominator, depends upon both the
size of the rate or percentage and the total upon which
the rate or percentage is based. Estimated rates and
percentages are relatively more reliable than the corresponding estimates of the numerator of the rates or
percentages; this is particularly true for percentages of
50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are
not published when the monthly base is less than 75,000,
the quarterly average base is less than 60,000, or the annual average base is less than 35,000.
Table C. Standard errors for unemployment rates by major characteristics
Standard error of—
Characteristic
Total (all civilian workers) .
Men, 20 years and over ..
Women, 20 years and over.
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .
White workers.
Black workers
Married men, spouse present...
Married women, spouse present
Full-time workers .
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over.
Monthly level
Consecutive
month change
0.11
.15
.17
.65
.11
52
.15
.21
.12
.34
.06
0.12
.15
.18
.77
.12
.54
.16
.23
.12
.42
.08
Occupation
Executive, administrative, and managerial.
Professional specialty
Technicians and related support
Sales
Administrative support, including clerical
Private household .
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective .
.21
.18
.49
.29
.24
1.07
.67
.24
.20
.55
.32
.26
1.20
.76
.38
.43
Standard error of—
Characteristic
Monthly level
Consecutive
month change
0.32
0.35
.50
.57
.57
.64
.70
.65
.80
.73
.13
1.37
.65
.27
.34
.42
.14
1.56
.74
.30
.38
.48
.41
.26
.20
.18
1.22
.46
.29
.22
.19
1.40
Occupation—Continued
Precision production, craft, and repair .
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing .
Industry
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers.
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing .
Durable goods . . .
Nondurable goods
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and services .
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers.
. .
131
Table D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly level
(In thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural employment data
Estimated monthly level
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000 ...
15,000 ...
20,000 ...
30,000 ...
40,000 ...
5D.000 ...
60,000 ...
70,000 ...
80,000 ...
100,000 .
120,000.
Agricultural
employment
Total or
white
19
43
61
11
15
34
48
85
68
120
146
95
116
133
14
147
177
201
236
261
278
288
Black
11
15
34
47
64
84
94
97
94
50
293
293
273
Total or
Black men
Total or
Black, 16 to white men
white, 16 to
• only, or
only, or
19 years
women only
19 years
women only
11
15
33
46
63
80
86
83
70
11
15
29
33
10
14
32
45
63
87
105
120
132
155
170
188
189
10
14
31
42
55
66
58
23
Unemployment
Total or
white
10
15
33
47
66
93
113
Black
11
16
35
49
67
88
99
129
143
172
195
175
141
61
231
1
When determining the standard error of an estimate for a group
which is a subset of the age, sex, or race groups listed, use the standard
error for the next larger group, e.g., when determining the standard error
on the estimated number of employed persons age 20 to 54 years, use
the column for total employed.
Tables F and G show generalized standard errors for
monthly level and month-to-month change for
unemployment rates. Generalized standard errors for
estimated monthly percentages and estimated month-tomonth change in percentage can be obtained through
the use of the standard errors in table H and the factors
in table I. First obtain the standard error from table H
for the specific percentage and base. The generalized
standard error is then calculated by multiplying the
standard error from table H by the appropriate factor
from table I. Wnen tne numerator and denominator of
the percentage are in different categories, use the factor
indicated by the numerator of the percentage.
monthly estimates, quarterly averages, changes in
quarterly averages, yearly averages, and changes in
yearly averages may be obtained by using table J in conjunction with the other tables. Standard errors for
estimates of change are more closely related to the level
of the estimate than to the size of the specific change.
Thus, to obtain the standard error of an estimate of an
average level, rate, or percentage, or an estimate of a
change in level, rate, or percentage, it is first necessary
to find the appropriate estimate of level. For an estimate
of an average level, rate, or percentage, find the standard error of this estimate. For an estimate of change in
level, r,ate, or percentage, find the standard error of the
average of the two estimates affecting the change. Then,
after computing the standard error by treating these
estimates as monthly estimates aild using the procedures
above, multiply this result by a suitable factor from
table J to obtain the approximate standard error for the
average or change.
Illustration. Assume that in a given month 3.6 percent
of a total of 90,771,000 employed persons are employed
in agriculture. The standard error on an estimate of 3.6
percent with a base of 90,771,000 is obtained from table
H (0.09 percent). The appropriate factor from table I
for the numerator of the percentage, agricultural
employment, is 1.26. The generalized standard error on
the estimated 3.6 percent is then approximately 0.09 x
1.26 = 0.1 percentage point.
Standard errors for year-to-year change of monthly
estimates, quarterly averages, changes in quarterly
averages, yearly averages, and changes in yearly
averages. Jhe approximate standard errors of levels,
rates, and percentages involving year-to-year change of
132
Illustration. Sjuppose that one is interested in the yearto-year change of a monthly unemployment rate.
Assume that for a certain month the unemployment rate
is 6.9 percent, based on a total of 95,676,000 in the
civilian labor force, and that a year prior to this the
unemployment rate was 6.1 percent, based on a total of
94,254,000 in the civilian labor force for the month.
First the standard. error on the average of the two
estimates, 6.5 percent with a base of 94,965,000, is obtained from table F (0.12 percentage point). The appropriate factor, then, from table J is 1.40. The approximate standard error on the change of 0.8 percent is then
given by 0.12 x 1.40 = 0.17 percentage point.
The approximate standard error of levels involving
year-to-year change of quarterly estimates pertaining to
CPS earnings data for persons and families may be obtained by using table K in conjunction with the following formula:
Standard
error of
Where X is the estimate for one quarter and Y is the
estimate for another quarter. The coefficient, P, is a
measure of the correlation between the estimates X and
Y resulting from the presence of some of the same
respondents in the sample for each estimate. For consecutive year-to-year changes of quarterly estimates, the
values of R are .30 for persons (total, white, and black)
and .35 for families (total, white, and black). The
respective values for estimates of Hispanics are .45 and
.55.
Illustration, ^ssume that in a given quarter the number
of women employed as full-time wage and salary
workers was 27,000,000 and in the same quarter a year
later, their number had increased to 29,000,000. Using
linear interpolation in the eighth column of table K, the
standard error of an estimate of 27,000,000 is 216,000;
for 29,000,000 it is 221,000. Using the above formula,
the standard error of the 2,000,000, year-to-year change
is:
V(216,l,000) 2
•
(221,000) 2
•2 (.30) (216,000)
(221,000),
or about 259,000.
Table E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change
(In thousands)
Characteristic1
Labor force data other than unemployment and agricultural
employment data
Unemployment
Estimated monthly level
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000 ...
15,000 ...
20,000 ...
30,000 ...
40,000 ...
50,000 ...
60,000 ...
70,000 ...
80,000 ...
100,000 .
120,000 .
Total or white
Black
8
11
25
36
50
70
86
98
109
131
148
174
191
203
210
212
211
193
153
8
11
25
35
47
62
70
73
71
42
Both sexes 16
Total or white, Black, 16 to
to 19 years, or
Total or white
16 to 19 years
19 years
part-time labor
force2
13
18
39
54
72
88
88
71
See footnote 1, table D.
Part-time labor force for unemployment also includes persons
13
18
34
36
12
16
37
51
72
99
118
132
143
160
165
13
18
40
54
70
78
60
Black
12
17
38
52
69
85
87
Black, 16 to
19 years
12
18
35
37
reentering the labor force, persons who left their last job, and persons by
duration of unemployment.
133
Table F. Standard errors for unemployment rates
Monthly base of unemployment rate (In
thousands)
50
100
500
1,000...
2,000 ...
4,000 ...
6,000 ....
10,000.,
20,000 ..
60,000 ..
100,000
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
1
2.09
1.48
.66
.47
.33
.23
.19
.15
.10
.06
.05
2.94
2.08
.93
.66
.46
.33
.27
.21
.15
.08
.07
4.57
3.23
1.45
1.02
.72
.51
.42
.32
.23
.13
.10
10
15
20
25
30
35
50
6.28
4.44
1.99
1.40
.99
.70
.57
.44
.31
.18
.14
7.46
5.28
2.36
1.67
1.18
.83
.68
.53
.37
.21
.17
8.34
5.90
2.64
1.87
1.32
.93
.76
.59
.42
.24
.19
9.01
6.37
2.85
2.01
1.42
1.01
.82
.64
.45
.26
.20
9.05
6.73
3.01
2.13
1.50
1.06
.87
.67
.47
.27
.21
9.87
6.98
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.27
.22
10.21
7.22
3.27
2.28
1.61
1.14
.93
.72
.51
.29
.22
Table G. Standard errors for month-to-month change In unemployment rates
Monthly base of unemployment rate (In
thousands)
50
100
500
1 000
2,000
4,000
6 000
10 000
20,000
60,000
100 000
Monthly unemployment rate (percent)
1
2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
50
2.32
1.64
.73
.52
.37
.26
.21
.16
.12
.07
.05
3.28
2.32
1.04
.73
.52
.37
.30
.23
.16
.09
.07
5.14
3.64
1.63
1.15
.81
.57
.47
.36
.25
.14
.11
7.18
5.08
2.27
1.60
1.13
.80
.65
.50
.35
.19
.14
8.69
6.14
2.74
1.94
1.37
.96
.78
.60
.42
.22
.15
9.90
7.00
3.13
2.21
1.56
1.10
.89
.68
.47
.23
.15
10.93
7.12
3.45
2.44
1.72
1.20
.98
.75
.51
.24
11.81
8.35
3.73
2.63
1.85
1.30
1.05
.80
.54
12.58
8.89
3.97
2.80
1.97
1.38
1.11
14.48
10.17
4.53
3.19
2.24
1.56
Table H. Standard errors for estimated percentages and month-to-month change in percentages for labor force
data
Monthly base of percentages
(In thousands)
50
100
500
1,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
10,000...
20,000 ...
40,000...
60,000 ...
80,000 ...
100,000
160,000
Percentage of monthly level
1or99
2 or 98
5 or 95
2.14
1.51
.68
.48
.34
.24
.20
.15
.11
.08
.06
.05
.05
.04
3.01
2.13
.95
.67
.48
.34
.28
.21
.15
.11
.09
.08
.07
.05
4.69
3.32
1.48
1.05
.74
.52
.43
.33
.23
.17
.14
.12
.10
.08
10 or 90 15 or 85 20 or 80 25 or 75 30 or 70 35 or 65
6.46
4.57
2.04
1.44
1.02
.72
.59
.46
.32
.23
.19
.16
.14
.11
7.68
5.43
2.43
1.72
1.22
.86
.70
.54
.38
.27
.22
.19
.17
.13
8.61
6.09
2.72
1.92
1.36
.96
.79
.61
.43
.30
.25
.22
.19
.15
9.32
6.59
2.95
2.08
1.47
1.04
.85
.66
.47
.33
.27
.23
.21
.16
9.86
6.97
3.12
2.21
1.56
1.10
.90
.70
.49
.35
.28
.25
.22
.17
7.26
3.25
2.30
1.62
1.15
.94
.73
.51
.36
.30
.26
.23
.18
50
10.76
7.61
3.40
2.411.70
1.20
.98
.76
.54
.38
.31
.27
.24
.19
NOTE: The standard errors in this table must be multiplied by the factors in table I to obtain the approximate standard error for a specific
characteristic.
134
Table I. Factors to be used with Table H to compute approximate standard errors for percentages and month-to-month
change in percentages
Factor
Factor
Characteristic
Agricultural employment:
Total or full-time labor force
Part-time labor force
Labor force data other than agricultural
employment and unemployment data:
Total
Men only
Women only
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Part-time labor force
Monthly level
Month-tomonth change
1.26
1.26
1.05
1.50
.74
.84
.75
1.18
1.18
1.00
.93
.86
1.00
1.00
Characteristic
Monthly level
Month-tomonth change
1.01
1.21
.97
.97
1.08
1.21
1.04
1.04
1.13
1.24
Unemployment:
Part-time labor force, duration of
unemployment, left last job,
reentering labor force
All other unemployment characteristics:
Total or white:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Black:
Total
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Table J. Factors to be used with Tables, D, F, H, and I to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates, and
percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearly averages
and change in yearly averages,
Factor
Characteristic
Year-to-year
change of monthly
estimate
Quarterly
averages
Change in
quarterly
averages
Yearly
averages
Change in
yearly
averages
1.30
1.30
0.89
.83
0.80
.80
0.72
.58
0.70
.70
1.40
.74
.80
.46
.70
1.30
.88
.88
.67
.70
1.30
1.40
.82
.74
.88
.88
.57
.46
.70
.60
1.40
1.40
.76
.69
.88
.88
.50
.39
.65
.54
Agricultural employment:
Total or men
Women or teenagers (16 to 19 years)
Part time
Labor force data other than
agricultural employment and
unemployment data:
Total or white
Black or teenagers
(16 to 19 years)
Part time
Unemployment:
Total
Part time
135
Table K. Standard errors for estimates of quarterly level, to be used with CPS earnings data
(In thousands)
Characteristic
Estimated quarterly level
10
50
75
100
150
200
250
300
500
750
1,000...
1,500 ...
2,000 ...
2,500 ...
3,000 ...
5,000 ...
7,500 ...
10,000.
15,000 .
20,000 .
25,000 .
30,000 .
40,000 .
50,000 .
75,000 .
100,000
136
Total or full-time workers
Total or full-time workers
Part-time
workers
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
76
83
107
130
149
180
205
226
224
273
296
331
343
Total or
white
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
85
93
119
145
165
198
224
244
261
286
301
304
255
Women
Men
Total
Part-time
workers
Black
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
46
53
63
72
79
85
100
107
102
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
144
187
192
207
219
236
Total
White
Black
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
117
140
157
183
199
209
212
201
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
30
38
47
54
66
76
84
92
116
138
155
179
193
199
198
174
5
12
15
17
21
24
27
29
37
45
50
59
65
69
71
64
Total, full-time, or
part-time workers
Total or
white
5
11
13
15
19
22
24
26
34
42
48
59
68
75
82
105
127
145
173
195
211
224
242
Black
5
11
13
15
19
21
24
26
33
41
46
56
63
69
74
85
Establishment Data
(Tables B-1 through C-8)
Payroll reports provide current information on wage
and salary employment and hours and earnings in
nonagricultural establishments, by industry and
geographic location. Historical statistics are published
in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, United States,
1909-84, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States
and Areas, 1939-82 and their annual supplements.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the
Nation and for States and areas are classified in accordance with the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SICM),Office of Management and Budget.
The BLS tabulates and estimates statistics which
distinguish between private and public establishments,
thus maintaining continuity with previously published
statistics for the private and government sector.
Federal-State cooperation
Industry employment
COLLECTION
Under cooperative arrangements, responding
establishments report employment, hours, and earnings
data to State agencies. State agencies mail the forms to
the establishments and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the
reported data to prepare State and area series and also
send the reported data to the BLS (Washington Office)
for use in preparing the national series. This avoids a
duplicate reporting burden on establishments, and
together with the use of similar estimating techniques at
the national and State levels, promotes increased comparability between estimates.
Shuttle schedules
Form BLS 790—Report on Employment, Payroll, and
Hours is the name of the data collection schedule. The
collection agency returns the schedule to the respondent
each month so that the next month's data can be entered
on the space alotted for that month. This "shuttle" procedure assures maximum comparability and accuracy of
reporting, since the respondent can see the figures that
have been reported for previous months.
Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the total
number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of
nonagricultural establishments and, for most industries,
employment, payroll, and hours of production and
related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay
period which includes the 12th of the month.
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are
classified into industries on the basis of their principal
product or activity determined from information on annual sales volume. Since January 1980, this information
is collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports filed by employers. For an
establishment making more than one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of
the establishment is included under the industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
Employment data, except those for the Federal
Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls
who received pay for any part of the pay period which
includes the 12th of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the
number of persons who occupied positions on the last
day of the calendar month. Intermittent workers are
counted if they performed any service during the
month.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid volunteer or family workers, farm workers, and
domestic workers. Salaried officers of corporations are
included. Government employment covers only civilian
employees; military personnel are excluded. Employees
of the Central Intelligence Agency and the National
Security Agency are also excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid
sick leave (when pay is received directly from the firm),
on paid holiday, on paid vacation, or who work during
a part of the pay period even though they are
unemployed or on strike during the rest of the period
are counted as employed. Not counted as employed are
persons who are on layoff, on leave without pay, on
strike for the entire period, or who were hired but have
not yet reported during the period.
Indexes of diffusion of changes in number of employees
on nonagricultural payrolls. These indexes measure the
percent of industries which posted increases in employment over the specified time span. The indexes are
calculated from 185 seasonally adjusted employment
series (two-digit nonmanufacturing industries and threedigit manufacturing industries) covering all nonagricultural payroll employment in the private sector. A
more detailed discussion of these indexes appears in
"Introduction of Diffusion Indexes," in the December
1974 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from
reports of payrolls and hours for production and related
137
workers in manufacturing and mining, construction
workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees
in private service-producing industries.
Production and related workers include working
supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including
group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage,
handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking,
hauling, maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services,
product development, auxiliary production for plant's
own use (e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other
services closely associated with the above production
operation.
Construction workers include the following
employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices,
helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations, demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether
working at the site of construction or working in shops
or yards at jobs (such as precutting and preassembling)
ordinarily performed by members of the construction
trades.
Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not
above the working supervisory level) such as office and
clerical workers, repairers, salespersons, operators,
drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social
workers, research aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers,
custodial workers, attendants, line installers and
repairers, laborers, janitors, guards, and other
employees at similar occupational levels whose services
are closely associated with those of the employees listed.
Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who
received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. The payroll is reported
before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and
unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding
tax, bonds, or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacation, and sick leave paid directly by
the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and paid regularly each
pay period); other pay not earned in the pay period
reported (e.g., retroactive pay); tips; and the value of
free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits'' (such as health and other
types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc.,
paid by the employer) are also excluded.
Hours cover the hours paid for during the pay period
which includes the 12th of the month for production,
construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are
hours paid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave
when pay is received directly from the firm.
Overtime hours cover hours worked by production
or related workers for which overtime premiums were
138
paid because the hours were in excess of the number of
hours of either the straight-time workday or the
workweek during the pay period which included the
12th of the month. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums were paid. Hours for
which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other
similar types of premiums were paid are excluded.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information
relates to the average hours for which pay was received
and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such
factors as unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, parttime work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to
be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further reflect changes in the
workweek of component industries.
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly
figures for 1977. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product of average weekly hours and
production worker or nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of industry aggregation, hours
agregates are the sum of the component aggregates.
Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent
that portion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regular hours and for which overtime premiums were
paid. If an employee were to work on a paid holiday at
regular rates, receiving as total compensation his or her
holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours worked
that day, no overtime hours would be reported.
Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from month to month; for
example, overtime premiums may be paid for hours in
excess of the straight-time workday although less than a
full week is worked. Diverse trends at the industry
group level also may be caused by a marked change in
hours for a component industry where little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current
months. In addition, such factors as stoppages,
absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same
influence on overtime hours as on average hours.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are
on a "gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in
basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such
variable factors as premium pay for overtime and lateshift work and changes in output of workers paid on an
incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of
employees between relatively high-paid and low-paid
work and changes in workers' earnings in individual
establishments. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates.
Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated
period of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a
given unit of work or time. The earnings series do not
measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the
employer since the following are excluded: Irregular
bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare
benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings
for those employees not covered under the production
worker, construction worker, 6v nonsupervisory employee definitions.
Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage
payments. This series is compiled only for aircraft
manufacturing, sic 3721. The same concepts and
estimation methods apply to this series as apply to the
average hourly earnings series described above; the one
difference between the two series is definitional. The
payroll data used to calculate this series include lumpsum payments made to production workers in lieu of
general wage rate increases; such payments are excluded
from the definition of gross payrolls used to calculate
the other average hourly earnings series.
For each sample establishment, in sic 3721 covered by
a lump-sum agreement, the reported payroll data are
adjusted to include a prorated portion of the lump-sum
payment. Such payments are generally made once a year
and cover the following 12-month period. In order to
spread the payment across this time period, a prorated
portion of the payment is added to the payroll ea<ch
month. This prorated portion is adjusted by an exit rate
to reduce the lump-sum amount to account for persons
who received the payment but left before the payment
allocation period expired.
number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by
the; number of employees, as defined above. Average
woekly earnings are derived by multiplying average
weekly hours by average hourly earnings.
/Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average
hourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings
are affected not only by changes in average hourly earnings but also by changes in the length of the workweek.
Monthly variations in such factors as the proportion of
part-time workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor
turnover during the survey period, and absenteeism for
which employees are not paid may cause the average
workweek to fluctuate.
Long-time trends of average weekly earnings can be
affected by structural changes in the makeup of the
work force. For example, persistent long-term increases
in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade
and many of the services industries have reduced
average workweeks in these industries and have affected
the average weekly earnings series.
Real earnings, or earnings in constant dollars, are
calculated from the earnings averages for the current
month using a deflator derived from the Consumer
Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W).
ESTIMATING METHODS
The principal features of the procedure used to
estimate employment for the establishment statistics are
(1) the use of the "link relative'' technique, which is a
form of ratio estimation; (2) periodic adjustment of
employment levels to new benchmarks; and (3) the use
of size and regional stratification.
The 'link relative" technique
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average
hourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay, are
computed by dividing the total production worker
payroll for the industry group by the sum of total production worker hours and one-half of total overtime
hours. No adjustments are made for other premium
payment provisions, such as holiday work, late-shift
work, and overtime rates other than time and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I
railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies)
are based on monthly data summarized in the M-300
report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and
relate to all employees except executives, officials, and
staff assistants (ice group I) who received pay during
the month. Average hourly earnings are computed by
dividing total compensation by total hours paid for.
Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total
From a sample composed of establishments reporting
for both the previous and current months, the ratio of
current-month -employment to that of the previous
month is computed. This is called a "link relative/' The
estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the
current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates
for the previous month by these "link relatives." In addition, bias correction factors are applied to selected
employment estimates each month. The size of the bias
correction factors is determined from past benchmark
comparisons. Beginning with data for April 1983, these
factors are modified by changes in the sample link
relatives for the most recent quarter. Other features of
the general procedures are described in table L.
Size and regional stratification
A number of industries are stratified by size of
139
Table L. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
Employment, hours,
and earnings
Basic estimating cell (industry, region, size, or
region,'size cell)
Aggregate industry level (division and,
where stratified, industry)
Monthly data
All employees
All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied Sum of all-employee estimates for component cells.
by ratio of all employees; in current month to all
employees in previous month, for sample establishments which reported l o r both months.1
Production or nonsupervisory workers, women
All-employees estimate for current month multiplied Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker
employees .
by (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory work- estimates, or estimates of women employees, for
ers to all employees in sample establish- component cells.
ments for current month, (2) estimated ratio of women
to all employees.2
Average weekly hours.
Production or nonsupervisory worker hours divided Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory
by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.2 worker employment, of the average weekly hours for
component cells.
Average weekly overtime hours .
Production worker overtime hours divided by number Average, weighted by production worker employment,
of the average weekly overtime hours for comof production workers.2
ponent cells.
Average hourly earnings.
Total production or nonsupen/isory worker payroll Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average
hourly earnings for component cells.
divided by total production or nonsupervisory worker
hours.2
Average weekly earnings .
Product of average weekly hours and average hourly Product of average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings.
earnings.
Annual average data
All employees, women employees, and
production or nonsupervisory workers .
Average weekly hours
Average weekly overtime hours .
Average hourly earnings.
Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.
Annual total of aggregate hours (production or non- Annual total of aggregate hours for production or nonsupervisory worker employment multiplied supervisory workers divided by annual sum of
by average weekly hours) divided by annual employment for these workers.
sum of employment.
Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (pro- Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for
duction worker employment multiplied by production workers divided by aryiual sum of
average weekly overtime h o u r s ) divided employment for these workers.
by annual sunvof employment.
Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of pro- Annual total of aggregate
duction or nonsupervisory worker employment
annual aggregate hours.
by weekly hours and hourly earnings) divided
by annual aggregate hours.
payrolls divided by
and average Product of average weekly
hourly earnings.
hours and average
Product of average weekly
hourly earnings.
Average weekly earnings .
1
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by bias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresentation of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample.
2
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly
hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by
140
Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.
hours
a wedding technique designed to compensate for changes in the sample arising
mainly from the voluntary character of the reporting. The wedging procedure
accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at
the same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the latest
sample average.
establishment and/or by region, and the stratified production or nonsupervisory worker data are used to weight the
hours and earnings into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment,
hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods in table L, may be a
whole industry or a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size
stratum of a region within an industry.
Benchmark adjustments
Employment estimates are compared periodically with
benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) for
the various nonagricultural industries, and appropriate adjustments are made as indicated. The industry estimates
are currently projected from March 1985 levels. Normally,
benchmark adjustments are made annually.
The primary sources of benchmark information are
employment data, by industry, compiled quarterly by
State agencies from reports of establishments covered
under State unemployment insurance laws. These
tabulations cover about 97 percent of employees on
nonagricultural payrolls in the United States. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained from the records
of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate
Commerce Commission, and a number of other agencies in private industry or government.
The estimates for the benchmark month are compared
with new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are necessary, the monthly series of estimates between benchmark periods are adjusted between the new
benchmark and the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month by use of the sample trends. Thus,
under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish
the level of employment; the sample is used to measure the
month-to-month changes in the level. A comparison of the
actual amounts of revisions made at the time of the March
1985 benchmark adjustment is shown in table M.
Data for all months since the last benchmark to which
the series has been adjusted are subject to revision. Revised
data are published as soon as possible after each benchmark revision.
Table M. Comparison of nonagricultural employment
benchmarks and estimates for March 1985
Industry
Total .
Mining
Construction . .
Manufacturing
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale trade .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .
Services . . . .
Government.
1
Less than 0.05 percent.
Benchmark
Estimate
Percent
difference
96,042,000
96,045,000
(1)
933,000
4,241,000
19,295,000
962,000
4,180,000
19,399,000
-3.1
1.4
-.5
5,155,000
5,654,000
16,782,000
5,205,000
5,681,000
16,818,000 i
-1.0
5,825,000 ' 5,796,000
21,561,000 I 21,536,000
16,596,000
16,468,000
_c
THE SAMPLE
Desi gn
The sampling plan used in the Current Employment
Statistics > program is known as "sampling proportionate to
average * ;ize of establishment." This design is an optimum
allocation design among strata since the sampling variance
is proportional to the average size of establishments.
Under t hi: 5 type of design, large establishments fall into the
sample with certainty. The size of the sample for the
various, industries is determined empirically on the basis of
experience and of cost considerations. In a manufacturing
industry in which a high proportion of total employment is
concen trated in relatively few establishments, a larger percent of total employment is included in the sample. Consequently, the s ample design for such industries provides for
a com plete census of the large establishments, with only a
few chiosen from among the smaller establishments or
none ;at all if the concentration of employment is great
enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large
proportion of total employment is in small establishments,
the sample desig n calls for inclusion of all large establishments and also for a substantial number of the small ones.
Many industries L n the trade and services divisions fall into
this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be
handled by available resources, it is necessary to design
samples for these industries with a smaller proportion of
universe employmei it than is the case for most manufacturing industries. Sii ice individual establishments in these
nonmanufacturing divisions generally show less fluctuation from regular cy clical or seasonal patterns than do
establishments in man \ufacturing industries, these smaller
samples (in terms o i ? employment) generally produce
reliable estimates.
In the context of the 1 *LS Current Employment Statistics
program, with its emph asis on producing timely data at
minimum cost, a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of a suf ficiently large segment of the
universe to provide reasoi lably reliable estimates that can
be published promptly anc i regularly. The present sample
meets these specifications fc )r most industries. With its use,
the BLS is able to produc -e preliminary estimates each
month for many industries a nd for many geographic levels
within a few weeks after th e reference period, and, at a
somewhat later date, statistic :s in considerably greater industrial detail.
Coverage
The BLS sample of establishment employment and
payrolls is the largest monthly sampling operation in the
field of social statistics . Table IN shows the approximate
proportion of total emj3loyment in each industry division
covered by the group of establishn aents furnishing monthly
employment data. The coverage l ror individual industries
within the division ma>' vary from the proportions shown.
-.2
.5
.1
.8
Reliability of the em ployment es ttimates
Although the relath 'ely large size » of the BLS establishment sample assures a high degrt *e of accuracy, the
estimates derived from it may differ f rom the figures that
would be obtained if it were possible to take a complete
141
Table N. Approximate size and coverage off BLS empl oyment
and payrolls sample, March 19851
Industry
Total .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities . . .
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .
Services . . .
Government:
federal 2 .
State .
Local .
Number
of establishments
in sample
Employe •es
Number
reported
F 'ercent of
total
243,000 38,173,000
40
3,600
374,000
22,500
858,000
52,000 10,654,000
11,500 2,409,000
22,300 1,042,000
42,400 3,319,000
40
20
55
47
18
20
17,100
48,500
2,091, OO'O
5,267,000
36
24
5,100
3,800
14,200
2,839,000
3,087, 000
6,233 ,000
100
79
(53
1
Since a few establishments do not report payroll and hours
information, hours and earnings estimates may be based on ;a slightly
smaller sample than employment estimates.
2
National estimates of Federal employment by a< gency are provided to
BLS by the Office of Personnel Management. Deta1 iied industry estimates
for the Executive Branch, as well as State and are a estimates of Federal
employment, are based on a sample of 5,100 rep orts covering about 64
percent of employment in Federal establishments.
census using the same schedules arid procedures. As
discussed under the previous sectiori, a "link relative"
technique is used to estimate employ anent. This requires
the use of the previous month's esf jmate as the base in
computing the current month's e? stimate. Thus, small
sampling and response errors n iay accumulate over
several months. To remove this a ccumulated error, the
estimates are usually adjusted ar inually to new benchmarks. In addition to taking ac count of sampling and
response errors, the benchmar k revision adjusts the
estimates for changes in the in/ iustrial classification of
individual establishments (res ulting from changes in
their product which are not i reflected in the levels of
estimates until the data are adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more • detailed industry levels,
particularly within manufacti jring, changes in classification are the major cause o f benchmark adjustments.
Another cause of difference s airises from improvements
in the quality of the benchr nark data. Table O presents
the average percent revisions of the five most recent
benchmarks for major industry divisions. Detailed
descriptions of individual benchmark revisions are
available from the Burea? a upon request.
The hours and earning's estimates for basic estimating
cells are not subject to benchmark revisions, although
the broader groupings may be affected slightly by
changes in employment weights. The hours and earnings
estimates, however, Fire subject to sampling errors,
which may be expressed as relative errors of the
estimates. (A relative error is a standard error expressed
as a percent of the e stimate.) Relative errors for major
industries are preser ited in table O and for individual industries with the sp< reified numbeir of employees in table
P. The chances are; about 2 out o f 3 that the hours and
earnings estimates, from the sample would differ by a
142
smaller percentage than the relative error from the
averages that would have been obtained from a complete census.
One measure of the reliability of the employment
estimates for individual industries is the root-meansquare error (RMSE). The measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in estimates:
RMSE=
V/(Standard Deviation)2
+ (Bias)2
If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that
an estimate from the sample would differ from its
benchmark by less than the root-mean-square error.
The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the difference
would be less than twice the root-mean-square error.
Approximations of the root-mean-square errors (based
on the most recent benchmark revisions) of differences
between final estimates and benchmarks are presented
in table P.
For the two most recent months, estimates of employment, hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so
footnoted in the tables. These figures are based on less
than the total sample and are revised when all the
reports in the sample have been received. Table Q
presents root-mean-square errors of the amounts of
revisions that may be expected between the preliminary
and final levels of employment and preliminary and
final month-to-month changes. Revisions of
preliminary hours and earnings estimates are normally
not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weekly hours and 1
cent for hourly earnings.
STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
State and area employment, hours, and earnings data
Table O. Average benchmark revision in employment
estimates and relative errors for average weekly hours and
average hourly earnings by industry
(In percent)
Industry
Total
Total private
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Services
Government3
Average
benchmark revision in
estimates
of employment1
0.2
.3
2.9
1.6
.6
.7
.6
.4
.3
1.2
.3
.2
.4
Relative
errors2
Average
weekly
hours
0.1
1.0
.2
.1
.1
.1
.7
.2
.2
.2
.4
Average
hourly
earnings
0.2
1.3
.5
.2
.3
.2
.6
.4
.4
.4
.6
The average percent revision in employment for the 1981-85
benchmarks.
2
Relative errors relate to 1982 data.
3
Estimates for government are based on a total count for Federal
Government provided by the Office of Personnel Management and a
sample of State and local government reports.
Table P. Root-mean-square errors of differences between
benchmarks and estimates of employment and average
relative errors for average weekly hours and average hourly
earnings
Relative error2
(in percent)
Size of employment estimate
50,000 ....
100,000
200,000 ..
500,000
1,000,000..
2,000,000..
2,100
3,900
5,600
14,000
15,000
26,000
Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.
Relative errors relate to (982 data.
are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan
areas. Definitions for all areas are published each year
in the issue of Employment and Earnings that contains
State and area annual averages (usually the May issue).
Changes in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be obtained from the State
agencies listed on the inside back cover of each issue.
These statistics are based on the same establishment
reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates.
For employment, the sum of the State figures may differ
slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a
national basis, because some States have more recent
benchmarks than others and because of the effects of
differing industrial and geographic stratification.
For the States and the areas shown in the B and C sections of this periodical, all the annual average data for
the detailed industry statistics currently published by
each cooperating State agency are presented in a summary volume published annually by the BLS.
Table Q. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Root-mean-square error
of-
Root-mean-square error
ofIndustry
Industry
Total
Total private
1
Goods-producing
Mining .
Oil and gas extraction1
Construction
General building contractors1
..
Manufacturing.
110,000
101,100
63,100
56,800
35,200
29,400
5,500
4,600
5,300
4,300
18,300
7,900
13,500
5,400
28,700
27,200
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products. . .
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic
steel products1
Fabricated metal products . . .
Machinery, except electrical. .
Electrical and electronic
equipment
Transportation equipment. . .
Motor vehicles and
equipment1
Instruments and related
products
Miscellaneous manufacturing.
22,100
3,800
3,000
2,300
6,100
20,200
3,200
2,400
2,100
5,900
5,000
4,600
8,700
4,yuu
3,900
7,800
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products . .
Tobacco manufactures .
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile
products
Paper and allied products . . .
Printing and publishing
6,200
13,200
Monthly
level
Month-to-month
change
Monthly
level
|
6,400
11,800
10,000
10,200
2,200
2,000
2,100
2,000
11,800
8,500
1,600
2,700
11,700
8,600
1,500
2,700
6,500
1,900
2,400
6,100
1,700
2,500
Nondurable goods—Continued
Chemicals and allied products ..
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics
products
Leather and leather products . .
Month-to-month
change
2,500
1,700
2,400
1,600
2,300
2,800
2,200
2,600
98,200
94,000
14,700
18,400
14,200
17,800
5,200
4,800
8,500
5,600
5,000
7,800
5J00
4,500
Retail trade1
General merchandise stores1 ..
Food stores1
Automotive dealers and service
stations1
Eating and drinking places1
33,700
19.700
6,500
32,400
19,000
5,800
3,300
19,200
2,900
17,100
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance1 .
Insurance1 .
Real estate1
8,600
4,200
2,800
5,000
7,300
3,600
2,200
4,100
32,200
12,900
10,500
27,900
10,800
10,200
72,400
18,200
26,200
38,800
66,100
15,100
24,700
35,900
Service-producing industries
. .
Transportation and public utilities . .
Transportation1
Communication and public
utilities1
1
Wholesale trade .
Durable goods1 . . .
Nondurable goods1
Services
Business services1
Health services1
Government
Federal
State1.
Local1
. .
1
Data are based on differences from January 1981 through December
1985; all other data reflect differences from January 1980 through December
1985.
143
Productivity Data
(Tables C-9 through C-11)
COLLECTION
Productivity data are compiled by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics from establishment data and from
estimates of compensation and gross national product
supplied by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the,
Federal Reserve Board.
CONCEPTS
Hours of wage and salary workers in nonagricultural
establishments refer to hours paid for all employees—
production workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried
workers.
Output is the constant-dollar market value of final
goods and services produced in a given period. Indexes
of output per hour of all persons measure changes in the
volume of goods and services produced per paid hour of
labor input.
Compensation per hour includes wages and salaries
of employees plus employers' contributions for social
insurance and private benefit plans. The data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplementary
payments for the self-employed, except for nonfinancial
corporations, in which there are no self-employed.
Real compensation per hour is compensation per
hour adjusted to elimate the effect of changes in the
Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
(CPI-U).
Unit labor costs measure the labor compensation cost
required to produce one unit of output and are derived
by dividing compensation per hour by output per hour.
Unit nonlabor payments include profits, depreciation, interest, and indirect taxes per unit of output.
They are computed by subtracting compensation of all
persons from the current-dollar gross national product
and dividing by output. In these tables, unit nonlabor
costs contain all the components of unit nonlabor
payments except unit profits.
Unit profits include corporate profits and inventory
valuation adjustments per unit of output.
The implicit price deflator is derived by dividing the
current-dollar estimate of gross product by the
constant-dollar estimate, making the deflator, in effect,
a price index for gross product of the sector reported.
NOTES ON THE DATA
For the business sector and the nonfarm business sector, these indexes relate to the gross domestic product
less households and institutions, owner-occupied housing, and the statistical discrepancy. For the nonfinancial
corporate sector, the indexes refer to the gross domestic
product of nonfinancial corporate business.
Manufacturing output data are supplied by the
Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of
Commerce, and the Federal Reserve Board. Quarterly
measures have been adjusted by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics to annual estimates of output (gross product
originating) from the Bureau of Economic Analysis.
Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of
Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Historical statistics for most productivity measures appear in Trends in Multifactor Productivity, 1948-81,
BLS Bulletin 2178. Additional information may be obtained from the Office of Productivity and Technology
(202 523-9261).
State and Area Labor Force Data
(D table)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States,
labor market areas (LMA's), and other areas covered
under Federal assistance programs are developed by
State employment security agencies under a FederalState cooperative program. The local unemployment
estimates which are derived from standardized procedures developed by BLS are the basis of determining
eligibility of an area for benefits under Federal programs such as the Job Training Partnership Act And the
Public Works and Economic Development Act.
Annual average data for the States and areas shown
in table D are published in Employment and Earnings
144
(usually the May issue). For regions, States, selected
metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual average
data classified by selected demographic, social, and
economic characteristics are published in the BLS
bulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and
Unemployment.
Labor force and unemployment estimates for counties, cities, and other small areas have been prepared
for administration of various Federal economic
assistance programs and may be ordered from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. The report
"Employment and Unemployment in States and Local
Areas" is published monthly through GPO and is
available on microfiche only on a subscription basis.
ESTIMATING METHODS
The civilian labor force and unemployment estimates
in J l large States: New York, California, Illinois, Ohio,
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Texas, Massachusetts, North Carolina, and Florida; and two areas: Los
Angeles—Long Beach metropolitan area and New York
City, are sufficiently reliable to be used directly from
the CPS. For a description of the CPS concepts, see
"Household Data," above.
Monthly labor force and unemployment estimates in
the remaining 39 States, the District of Columbia, and
253 labor market areas are prepared in several stages.
The civilian labor force is the sum of the employment
and unemployment levels, which are estimated in accordance with the BLS Manual for Developing Local Area
Unemployment Statistics.
1. Preliminary estimate—employment: The total
civilian employment estimate is based on data from the
survey of establishments which produces an estimate of
payroll employment. This place-of-work estimate must
be adjusted to refer to place of residence as used in the
CPS. Factors for adjusting from place of work to place
of residence have been developed for the several
categories of employment on the basis of employment
relationships which existed at the time of the 1970
decennial census. These factors are applied to the
payroll employment estimates for the current period to
obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which are
added estimates for employment not covered by unemployment insurance (UI).
2. Preliminary estimate—unemployment: In the current
month, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of
the estimates for each of three building block categories:
(1) Persons who were previously employed in industries
covered by State UI laws; (2) those previously employed
in industries not covered by these laws; and (3) those
who were entering the civilian labor force for the first
time or reentering after a period of separation. This is
referred to below as the UI- based estimate.
An estimate for those previously employed in covered
industries is derived from a count of current employment insurance claimants, plus estimates of claimants
whose benefits have been exhausted, those persons disqualified from receiving benefits for nonmonetary
reasons (because they quit, were discharged for cause,
etc., but would otherwise have been eligible), and person who either filed claims late or not at all.
The estimate of those previously employed in industries not covered by UI is derived by applying to the
employment estimate for each noncovered industry or
class of worker subgroup in the State, the ratio of
covered unemployment to covered employment
weighted by factors reflecting national historical relationships.
For the third category, new entrants and reentrants
into the labor force, a composite estimate is developed
from equations that relate the total entrants into the
labor force to the experienced unemployed and the experienced labor force. For each month, the estimate of
entrants into the labor force is a function of: (a) the
month of the year; (b) the level of the experienced
unemployed; (c) the level of the experienced labor force;
and (d) the proportion of the working age population
that is considered "youth." The composite estimate of
total entrants is defined as:
U=
U=
E=
X=
A,B=
A(X + E) + BX, where
total entrant unemployment
total civilian employment
total experienced unemployment
synthetic factors incorporating
seasonal variation and an assumed
relationship between the proportion of
youths in the working population and the
historical relationship of entrants to the
experienced unemployed (B factor) or the
experienced labor force (A factor).
3. Correction factors for employment and unemployment are then applied at the State level of the Ul-based
estimates obtained above for each of the 39 States and
the District of Columbia. These correction factors are
based on the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based estimates
for the 6-month period ending in the current month
(e.g., a 6-month moving average).
4. Substate adjustment for additivity. Independent
estimates of employment and unemployment are
prepared for the State (obtained directly from the CPS
in the 11 large States or by the Ul-based method in the
remaining States), and labor market areas (LMA's)
within the State. The total of the geographic areas in
the LMA's exhausts the geographic boundaries of the
State. A proportional adjustment is applied to all
sub-state • LMA estimates to ensure that the sub-state
estimates of employment and unemployment add to the
independent State totals. In California and New York,
which also have sub-state areas taken directly from the
CPS, the additivity adjustment for the reamining areas
is applied to the State total minus the direct CPS area.
5. Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year,
monthly estimates prepared by the State employment
security agencies using Ul-based estimating procedures
are adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the annual
average CPS estimates for the 39 States and the District
of Columbia for which monthly CPS estimates are not
145
available. This adjustment is necessary because the
State-prepared estimates are not as reliable as the CPS
annual averages due to differences in the State UI laws,
the structural limitations of the Ul-based estimating
method, and errors in the UI data.
The benchmarked estimates are produced in three
stages. First, the monthly Ul-based estimates are adjusted by the ratio of the CPS to the Ul-based annual
averages. Second, the difference between the ratio of
annual averages for two consecutive years is wedged into the monthly estimates in order to minimize the disturbance to the original series. Finally, the third-stage
estimates are forced into agreement with CPS annual
averages. In the 11 States which use CPS estimates
monthly, no benchmark correction is required, as the
average of the 12 monthly State CPS estimates will
equal CPS annual averages.
Seasonal Adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's
labor force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and other measures of labor market activity
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events
as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing
of schools. Because these seasonal events follow a more
or less regular pattern each year, their influence on
statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the
statistics from month to month. These adjustments
make it easier to observe the cyclical and other
nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating
changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to
note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted
estimates have a broader margin of possible error than
the original data on which they are based, since they are
subject, not only to sampling and other errors but are
also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for
selected labor force and establishment-based data are
published regularly in Employment and Earnings.
The seasonal adjustment program used for these
series is an adaptation of the standard ratio-to-moving
average method. It provides for "moving" adjustment
factors to take account of changing seasonal patterns. A
detailed description of the method is given in The X-ll
Variant of the Census Method II Seasonal Adjustment
Program, Technical Paper No. 15, Bureau of the Census (1967).
Beginning in January 1980, BLS introduced two major modifications in the seasonal adjustment
methodology for data from the household survey. First,
the data are being seasonally adjusted with a procedure
called X-ll ARIMA, which was developed at Statistics
Canada as an extension of the existing standard X-ll
method. A detailed description of the procedure appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method,
by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No.
12-564E, February 1980. The X-ll procedure was
originally developed at the Bureau of the Census and
146
had been used by the BLS to seasonally adjust labor
force series since 1973. Test have shown that use of the
X-ll ARIMA procedure, which places more emphasis on
recent data, provides better seasonal adjustments than
does the X-ll month alone.
The second change is that seasonal adjustment factors
are calculated for use during the first 6 months of the
year rather than for the entire year. In July of each year,
BLS calculates and publishes in Employment and Earnings a set of seasonal adjustment factors for use in the
second half, based on the experience through June.
Revisions of historical data for the most recent 5 years
are made at the beginning of each calendar year.
However, as a result of the revisions to the estimates for
1970-81 based on 1980 census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in early 1982 were
carried back to 1970.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as
well as the major employment and unemployment
estimates, are computed by aggregating independently
adjusted series. For example, for each of the three major labor force components-agricultural employment,
nonagricultural employment, and unemployment-data
for four sex-age groups (men and women under and
over 20 years of age) are separately adjusted for
seasonal variation and are then added to derive
seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted civilian employment components,
plus the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for
seasonality), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the
sum of the four unemployment components; and the
overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the
estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent
seasonal adjustment of various series, components will
not necessarily add to totals.
Revised seasonally adjusted data for selected labor
force series based on the experience through December,
new seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate
the civilian unemployment rate for the first 6 months
of the following year, and a description of the current seasonal adjustment methodology are published
in each January issue of Employment and Earnings. Revised seasonally adjusted data covering the
revision period for a broader range of labor force
series are published in the February issue of this publication.
Beginning in July 1980 the BLS also uses the X-ll
ARIMA methodology in seasonally adjusting the
establishment data, which previously had been computed using the BLS Seasonal Factor Method. All series
are seasonally adjusted using the multiplicative models
under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustment factors used
in calculating the current year's estimates are based on
actual data through March 1986 and projected data
through March 1987. The ARIMA model options for
projecting the data series for 1 year ahead have been
used in seasonally adjusting the establishment series
since June 1981.
Seasonal adjustment factors are directly applied to
the component levels. Seasonally adjusted totals for
most of these series are then obtained by taking a
weighted average of the seasonally adjusted data for the
component series. Seasonally adjusted average weekly
earnings are the product of seasonally adjusted average
hourly earnings and seasonally adjusted average weekly
hours.
Average weekly earnings in constant dollars,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by dividing average
weekly earnings, seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally
adjusted Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage
Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), and multiplying
by 100. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally
adjusted, are obtained by multiplying average weekly
hours, seasonally adjusted, by production or nonsuper-
visory workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the
1977 base. For total private, total goods-producing,
total private service-producing, wholesale trade, retail
trade, manufacturing, and durable and nondurable
goods industries, the indexes of aggregate weekly hours,
seasonally adjusted, are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the
1977 base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a
number of series characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular
components. These failed or unsatisfactory seasonally
adjusted series are used in the aggregation to broader
level seasonally adjusted series, however.
Beginning in June 1983, seasonal adjustment factors
for Federal Government employment are derived from
unadjusted data which include Christmas temporary
workers employed by the Postal Service. In earlier years
the number of these workers was substantial, and at
times varied greatly from year to year, based on administrative decisions of the Postal Service. Hence, it
was considered desirable to exclude this group from the
unadjusted data upon which the seasonal adjustment factors were based. In the past several years, the number of
these workers has decreased to the point where their
presence has no impact on seasonal adjustment. Temporary census takers for the 1980 decennial census are
removed prior to the calculation of seasonal adjustment
factors for Federal Government employment.
The revised seasonally adjusted series for the
establishment data reflect experience through March
1986. Seasonal adjustment factors to be used for current
adjustment appear in the June 1986 issue of Employment and Earnings.
147
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
REGION I - BOSTON
John Fitzgerald Kennedy Federal Building
Suite 1603
Boston, Mass. 02203
REGION V - CHICAGO
9th Floor
230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, 111. 60604
REGION II - NEW YORK
Suite 3400
1515 Broadway
New York, N.Y. 10036
REGION VI - DALLAS
Room 221
525 Griffin Street
Dallas, Tex. 75202
REGION III - PHILADELPHIA
3535 Market Street
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, Pa. 19101
REGIONS VII and VIII
15th Floor
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, Mo. 64106
KANSAS CITY
REGION IV - ATLANTA
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree Street, NE.
Atlanta, Ga. 30367
REGIONS IX and X - SAN FRANCISCO
450 Golden Gate Avenue
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102
COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES
Current Employment Statistics Program (CES), and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program
(LA US)
BLS
Region
IV
X
IX
VI
IX
VIII
I
III
III
ALABAMA
ALASKA
ARIZONA
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
DELAWARE
DIST. OF COL.
IV FLORIDA
IV
IX
X
V
V
VII
VII
IV
VI
I
III
I
V
V
IV
VII
VIII
VII
IX
I
II
VI
II
IV
VIII
V
VI
GEORGIA
HAWAII
IDAHO
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS
KENTUCKY
LOUISIANA
MAINE
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW JERSEY
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH DAKOTA
OHIO
OKLAHOMA
X OREGON
III PENNSYLVANIA
II PUERTO RICO
I
IV
VIII
IV
VI
VIII
I
III
II
X
III
RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS
UTAH
VERMONT
VIRGINIA
VIRGIN ISLANDS
WASHINGTON
WEST VIRGINIA
V WISCONSIN
VIII WYOMING
-Research and Statistics Div., Depart, of Industrial Relations, Industrial Relations Building, Room 427, Montgomery 36130
-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 25501, Juneau 99802
-Department of Economic Security, 733-A, P.O. Box 6123, Phoenix 85005
-Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, State Capitol Mall, P.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 72203
-Employment Data and Research Div., Employment Development Depart., P.O. Box 1679, Sacramento 95808.
-Division of Employment and Training, 1330 Fox Street, Denver 80204
-Employment Security Division, Labor Department, 200 Folly Brook Boulevard, Wethersfield 06109
-Department of Labor, University Plaza Office Complex, P.O. Box 9029, Newark 19711
-Division of Labor Market Information, Research and Analysis, Department of Employment Services,
500 C Street N.W., Room 411, Washington 20001
-Bureau of Research and Information, Depart, of Labor and Employment Security, 2574 Seagate Drive,
Tallahassee 32301
-Department of Labor, 254 Washington Street, S.W., Atlanta 30334
-Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, 830 Punchbowl Street, Room 304, Honolulu 96813
-Department of Employment, P.O. Box 35, Boise 83735
-Bureau of Employment Security, 910 South Michigan Avenue, 12th Floor, Chicago 60605
-Employment Security Division, 10 North Senate Avenue, Indianapolis 46204
-Department of Job Service, 1000 East Grand Avenue, Des Moines 50319
-Department of Human Resources, 401 Topeka Avenue, Topeka 66603
-Department for Employment Services, Cabinet for Human Resources, 275 E. Main Street, Frankfort 40621
-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 44094, Capitol Station, Baton Rouge 70804
-Division of Research and Analysis, Department of Labor, 20 Union Street, Augusta 04330
-Research and Analysis Division, Department of Human Resources, 1100 North Eutaw Street, Baltimore 21201
-Division of Employment Security, Charles F. Hurley Building, Government Center, Boston 02114
-Research and Statistics Division, Employment Security Commission, 7310 Woodward Avenue, Detroit 48202
-Department of Jobs and Training, 390 North Robert Street, St. Paul 55101
-Labor Market Information Department, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 1699, Jackson 39215-1699
-Division of Employment Security, P.O. Box 59, Jefferson City 65104
-Department of Labor and Industry, P.O. Box 1728, Helena 59601
-Division of Employment, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln 68509
-Employment Security Department, 500 East Third Street, Carson City 89713
-Department of Employment Security, 32 South Main Street, Concord 03301
-Division of Planning and Research, Department of Labor, P O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625
-Employment Services Division, Employment Security Department, P.O. Box 1928, Albuquerque 87103
-Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor, State Campus, Building 12, Albany 12240
-Labor Market Information Division, Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 25903, Raleigh 27611
-Job Service, P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58502
-Labor Market Information Division, Bureau of Employment Services, P.O. Box 1618, Columbus 43216
-Research and Planning Division, Employment Security Commission, 310 Will Rogers Memorial Office Building,
Oklahoma City 73105
-Employment Division, Department of Human Resources, 875 Union Street N.E., Salem 97311
-Research and Statistics Division, Department of Labor and Industry, 7th and Forster Streets, Harrisburg 17121
-Department of Labor and Human Resources, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 505 Munoz Rivera Ave., 17th Fl.,
Hato Rey 00918 (CES). Bureau of Employment Security, 505 Munoz Rivera Ave., 15th Fl., Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
-Department of Employment Security, 24 Mason Street, Providence 02903
-Employment Security Commission, P. O. Box 995, Columbia 29202
-Department of Labor, P.O. Box 1730, Aberdeen 57401
-Department of Employment Security, Cordell Hull Office Building, Room 519, Nashville 37219
-Employment Commission, 15th and Congress Avenue, Austin 78778
-Department of Employment Security, P.O. Box 11249, Salt Lake City 84147
-Department of Employment and Training, P.O. Box 488, Montpelier 05602
-Division of Research and Analysis, Employment Commission, P.O. Box 1358, Richmond 23211
-Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor, P.O. Box 818, St. Thomas 00801
-Employment Security Department, 212 Maple Park, Olympia 98504
-Division of Labor and Economic Security, Depart, of Employment Security, 112 California Avenue,
Charleston 25305
-Department of Industry, Labor, and Human Relations, P.O. Box 7944, Madison 53707
-Employment Security Commission, P.O. Box 2760, Casper 82602
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