Full text of Employment and Earnings : June 2001
The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
L 2.
Bureai.of Lahcr
June 2301 „
in this issue:
Establishment data adjustnprf to
reflect new benchmarks
!
Revised 2000 annual averages for
rfetional establishment data
Elaine L. Chao, Secretary
June 2001
Vol. 48 No. 6
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner
Calendar of Features
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Employment & Earnings (ISSN 0013-6840; USPS 485-010),
is published monthly and prepared in the Office of
Employment and Unemployment Statistics in collaboration
with the Office of Publications. The data are collected by
the Bureau of the Census (Department of Commerce) and
State employment security agencies, in cooperation with the
Bureau of Labor Statistics. The State agencies are listed on
the inside back cover.
Employment & Earnings may be ordered from: New Orders,
Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh,
PA 15250-7954. Phone (202) 512-1800. Subscription price
per year $50 domestic and $62.50 foreign. Single copy $26
domestic and $32.50 foreign. Prices are subject to change
by the U.S. Government Printing Office.
Correspondence concerning subscriptions, including
address changes and missing issues, should be sent to the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, DC 20402. Phone (202) 512-1800.
POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Employment &
Earnings, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
20402.
Communications on material in this publication should be
addressed to: Editors, Employment & Earnings, Bureau of
Labor Statistics, Washington, DC 20212. Specific questions
concerning the daia in this publication, or their availability,
should be directed as follows:
Household data:
Telephone: (202)691-6378
E-mail: CPSInfo@bls.gov
Internet: http://stats.bls.gov/cpshome.htm
National establishment data:
Telephone: (202)691-6555
E-mail: CESInfo@bIs.gov
Internet: http://stats.bls.gov/ceshomc.htm
State and area establishment data:
Telephone: (202)691-6559
E-mail: Data_SA @bls.gov
Internet: http://stats.bls.gov/790home.htm
Region, State, and area labor force data:
Telephone: (202)691-6392
E-mail: Lauslnfo@bls.gov
Internet: http://stats.bls.gov/lauhorrje.htm
In addition to the monthly data appearing regularly
in Employment & Earnings, special features appear
in most of the issues as shown below.
Household data
Revised seasonally adjusted series
Jan.
Annual averages
Jan.
Earnings by detailed occupation
Jan.
Union affiliation
Jan.
Minimum wage data
Jan.
Employee absences
Jan.
Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data,
persons of Hispanic origin, Vietnam-era veterans
and nonveterans, and weekly earnings data
Jan., Apr., July, Oct.
Establishment data
National annual averages:
Industry divisions (preliminary)
Jan.
Industry detail
March, June
Women employees
March, June
National data revised to reflect new benchmarks
and new seasonal adjustment factors
June
State and area annual averages
May
Area definitions
May
Region, State, and area labor force data
Annual averages
May
Periodicals postage paid at Washington, DC, and at
additional mailing addresses.
Information in this publication will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone
(202)691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339.
Material in this publication is in the public domain and, with
appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission.
Cover Design:
Keith Tapscott
Employment^Earnings
Editor's Note
Beginning with this issue, national estimates of employment, hours, and earnings from the
monthly survey of business establishments have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks
(comprehensive counts of employment); the introduction of probability-based sample estimates
for mining, construction, and manufacturing; and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Unadjusted data from April 1999 forward and seasonally adjusted data from January 1996
forward have been revised.
The article beginning on page 3 discusses the effects of the revisions and provides new
seasonal adjustment factors to be used to calculate establishment-based estimates for MarchOctober 2001. Revised current data appear in the "B" tables. Historical data for all national
establishment data series are available at http://www.bls.gov/ceshome.htm, the Current
Employment Statistics homepage.
Editor
John F. Stinson Jr.
Design and Layout
Phyllis L. Lott
Contents
Page
List of statistical tables
Contents to the explanatory notes and estimates of error
Employment and unemployment developments, May 2001
BLS establishment estimates revised to incorporate
March 2000 benchmarks
Summary tables and charts
Explanatory notes and estimates of error
Index to statistical tables
ii
iv
1
3
29
161
208
Statistical tables
Source
Household data
Establishment data:
Employment:
National
State
Area
Hours and earnings:
National
State and area
Historical
Seasonally
adjusted
Not
seasonally
adjusted
31
33
44
70
74
79
91
104
104
71
87
122
144
Local area labor force data:
Region
State
Area
Revised national establishment data:
2000 annual averages
Seasonally adjusted data
1
2
All tables containing not seasonally adjusted national establishment data.
Table B-l through B-6 and B-8 through B-l 1.
148
150
155
155
Other
features
Monthly Household Data
Page
Historical
A-l. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1968 to date
31
A-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1990 to date
32
Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
A-5. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 25 years and over by educational attainment
A-6. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age
33
34
36
37
Characteristics of the Employed
A-7. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status
A-8. Employed persons by age and sex
38
39
Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-9.
A-10.
A-l 1.
A-12.
A-13.
Unemployed persons by age and sex
Unemployment rates by age and sex
Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics
Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
40
41
42
43
43
Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment Status
A-14. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
A-16. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment,
educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
A-17. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 25 years and over by educational attainment,
sex, race, and Hispanic origin
A-18. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race
44
47
48
50
51
Characteristics of the Employed
A-19.
A-20.
A-21.
A-22.
A-23.
A-24.
Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
Employed persons by industry and occupation
Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by hours of work
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working less
than 35 hours and usual full- or part-time status
A-25. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
A-26. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or part-time status ..
A-27. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status
52
53
54
55
56
56
57
58
59
Characteristics of the Unemployed
A-28.
A-29.
A-30.
A-31.
A-32.
A-33.
A-34.
A-35.
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
Unemployed
persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
persons by occupation and sex
persons by industry and sex
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
total and full-time workers by duration of unemployment
persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
60
61
62
63
64
64
65
66
Persons Not in the Labor Force
A-36. Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex
66
Multiple Jobholders
A-37. Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics
Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans
A-38. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
67
68
Monthly Establishment Data
Page
Historical
B-l. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1950 to date
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by
major industry, 1964 to date
70
71
Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment
National
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups
B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and
manufacturing group
B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change
74
76
77
78
States
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry
79
Hours and Earnings
National
B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by
major industry and manufacturing group
B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry
B-l 1. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry
87
88
89
90
Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
Employment
National
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
B-l3. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
91
103
States and Areas
B-l4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
104
Hours and Earnings
National
B-l5. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by
detailed industry
B-l6. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
B-l7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
States and Areas
B-l8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas
122
142
143
144
Monthly Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data
Seasonally Adjusted Data
C-l. Labor force status by census region and division
C-2. Labor force status by State
148
150
Not Seasonally Adjusted Data
C-3. Labor force status by State and metropolitan area
155
ill
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error
Page
Introduction
Relationship between the household and establishment
series
Comparability of household data with other series
Comparability of payroll employment data with
other series
161
Establishment data—Continued
Link relative technique
Model-based adjustment
Summary of methods table
The sample
Design
Coverage
Reliability
Measures of error table
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error
Revisions between preliminary and final data
CES sample redesign
Original sample design limitations
The new CES sample design
Frame and sample selection
Sample enrollment activities
Estimation
Benchmarking
Business birth and death estimation
Difference between the birth/death model and
bias adjustment
Variance estimation for CES redesign estimates
Appropriate uses of sampling variances in CES
Sampling errors for probability-based industries
Statistics for States and areas
161
162
162
Household data
Collection and coverage
Concepts and definitions
Historical comparability
Changes in concepts and methods
Noncomparability of labor force levels
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Sampling
Selection of sample areas
Selection of sample households
Rotation of sample
CPS sample, 1947 to present
Estimating methods
Noninterview adjustment
Ratio estimates
First stage
Second stage
Composite estimation procedure
Rounding of estimates
Reliability of the estimates
Nonsampling error
Sampling error (Revised effective Oct. 2000)
Tables 1-B through 1-H
169
169
170
170
171
171
171
172
172
172
172
173
173
173
173
174
174
Establishment data
Data collection
Concepts
Estimating methods
Benchmarks
Monthly estimation
Stratification
181
181
181
183
184
184
184
Page
163
163
163
165
165
167
IV
184
184
185
187
187
187
187
187
188
188
188
188
193
193
194
194
195
196
196
196
197
197
197
Region, State, and area labor force data
Federal-State cooperative program
Estimating methods
Estimates for States
Current monthly estimates
Benchmark correction procedures
Estimates for sub-State areas
Preliminary estimate:
Employment
Unemployment
Sub-State adjustment for additivity
Benchmark correction
201
201
201
201
201
201
202
Seasonal adjustment
203
202
202
202
202
Employment and Unemployment
Developments, May 2001
N
onfarm employment and the unemployment rate were
little changed in May. Manufacturing had another
large job loss, which was mostly offset by employment gains in other industries, including services, construction, and finance, insurance, and real estate.
Unemployment
Both the number of unemployed persons (6.2 million) and
the unemployment rate (4.4 percent) were little changed in
May. The unemployment rate was half a percentage point
higher than its recent low of 3.9 percent in October. The
rates for all the major worker groups—adult men (3.9 percent), adult women (3.8 percent), teenagers (13.6 percent),
whites (3.8 percent), blacks (8.0 percent), and Hispanics (6.2
percent)—showed little or no change over the month. (See
tables A-3 and A-4.)
Total employment and the labor force
Total employment (135.1 million) edged down in May after
seasonal adjustment. The employment-population ratio decreased to 63.9 percent and has fallen by 0.6 percentage point
since January. The civilian labor force dropped by 485,000
over the month to 141.3 million, seasonally adjusted, and
the labor force participation rate—the proportion of the population 16 years of age and older who are either working or
looking for work—fell to 66.8 percent. (See table A-3.)
In May, 7.5 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) held
more than one job. These multiple jobholders represented
5.5 percent of the employed, down from 5.7 percent 1 year
earlier. (See table A-37.)
Persons not in the labor force
About 1.1 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were
marginally attached to the labor force in May, the same as a
year earlier. These were people who wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior
12 months but were not counted as unemployed because they
had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. In May, the number of discouraged workers was 325,000.
Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached,
were not currently looking for work specifically because they
believed no jobs were available for them. (See table A-36.)
Industry payroll employment
Nonfarm payroll employment was little changed in May at
132.5 million, seasonally adjusted. This follows a decline
of 182,000 (as revised) in April. In May, manufacturing
employment again fell sharply, and there were continued
job losses in wholesale trade. At the same time, several other
industries added jobs, including services, construction,
and finance, insurance, and real estate. (See table
B-3.)
Manufacturing employment dropped by 124,000 in May.
Since last July, job losses in manufacturing have totaled
675,000, with more than two-thirds of the decline occurring
since December. Declines in manufacturing were widespread
in May. The largest were in electronic equipment (26,000),
industrial machinery (18,000), motor vehicles (15,000), and
fabricated metals (15,000). Since December, employment
in these four industries has fallen by 248,000, a little over
half of the total loss for manufacturing this year.
Construction employment increased by 31,000 in May,
after seasonal adjustment, partially offsetting a decline of
78,000 in April. The average monthly job gain in construction so far this year (18,000) has been the same as the average for all of 2000.
Mining employment grew by 4,000 in May. Oil and gas
extraction continued on the upward trend that began in the
fall of 1999; so far this year, the industry has added 19,000
jobs and has accounted for all of the growth in mining.
In the service-producing sector, employment in finance,
insurance, and real estate rose by 22,000 in May. Following
losses in the first half of 2000, this industry has added
112,000 jobs since July. Over the month, employment rose
in nearly all the component industries. Mortgage banks and
brokerages continued to add jobs. Following 2 years of sustained job losses, employment in commercial banks has risen
for 3 consecutive months. In contrast, employment in security brokerages has weakened in recent months; the industry lost 3,000 jobs in May.
Services employment rose by only 42,000 in May, following a loss of 78,000 in April. Gains in educational services
(26,000), health services (23,000), social services (14,000),
and agricultural services (13,000) were largely offset by losses
in business services (34,000) and motion pictures (22,000).
Within business services, employment in help supply services was virtually unchanged in May. This follows a sharp
downward trend from October through April that lowered
help supply employment by 346,000. In May, job growth
continued to slow in computer services, and engineering and
management services showed a small employment loss.
Retail trade employment was little changed in May, following a large increase in April. Monthly employment gains
in this industry so far this year have averaged 21,000, slightly
below the monthly average for all of 2000. In May, employment increased in building material stores, general merchandise stores, and auto dealerships, while declines took place
in furniture, apparel, and food stores.
Employment in transportation and public utilities rose by
12,000 in May, offsetting a decline in April. Growth in this
industry has been sluggish so far this year, with monthly job
increases averaging 5,000, compared with 14,000 in 2000.
In government, there was a small employment gain in local
education.
Wholesale trade employment continued on the downward
trend that started late last year. Declines in April (12,000)
and May (14,000) were particularly large. Most of the weakness in this industry has been in the distribution of durable
goods.
Weekly hours
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour
in May to 34.3 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek declined by 0.2 hour to 40.8 hours. Manufacturing overtime was unchanged at 3.9 hours. Over the past
12 months, the factory workweek has fallen by 0.8 hour and
factory overtime by 0.7 hour. (See table B-8.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production
or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 151.5 (1982=100), seasonally
adjusted, and was virtually the same as a year earlier. The
manufacturing index fell by 1.5 percent in May to 99.1. (See
table B-9.)
Hourly and weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 4 cents in
May to $14.26, seasonally adjusted. Over the month, average weekly earnings increased by 0.6 percent to $489.12.
Over the year, average hourly earnings rose by 4.3 percent
and average weekly earnings grew by 4.0 percent. (See table
B-ll.)
Expansion of the Current Population Survey (Household
Survey) Sample
Beginning in September 2000, the U.S. Census Bureau expanded the monthly sample for the Current Population
Survey (CPS) to meet the requirements of the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) legislation. This
legislation requires that the Census Bureau improve State estimates of the number of children who live in low-income
families and lack health insurance. These estimates are obtained from the Annual Demographic Supplement to the
CPS. The expansion of the monthly CPS sample was one part of the Census Bureau's plan for strengthening the
SCHIP estimates. The monthly CPS sample was increased in 31 States and the District of Columbia, and the total
number of households eligible for the survey rose from about 50,000 to about 60,000. The additional households were
introduced into the survey over a 3-month period beginning in September 2000.
In the September 2000 Employment Situation news release (USDL 00-284), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)
stated that it would not use the additional sample to produce the official national labor force estimates prior to the
release of July 2001 data in August. This delay would allow BLS sufficient time to evaluate the differences, if any,
between the estimates obtained from the current 50,000-household sample and the expanded 60,000-household sample.
BLS evaluated the monthly data for the November 2000-April 2001 period and found no significant differences in the
national labor force estimates derived from the two samples. Thus, BLS plans to incorporate the additional sample
into the July 2001 official national estimates. Since estimates from the two samples were virtually identical, household data for the first 6 months of 2001 will not be revised.
The August 2001 issue of Employment and Earnings will contain an article discussing this sample expansion in
more detail.
Scheduled Release Dates
Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on the
following dates:
Reference month
Release date
Reference month
Release date
June
July 6
September
October 5
July
August 3
October
November 2
August
September 7
November
December 7
BLS Establishment Estimates Revised
to Incorporate March 2000 Benchmarks
Kirk Mueller
W
ith the release of data for May 2001, the Bureau
of Labor Statistics (BLS) introduced its annual
revision of national estimates of employment,
hours, and earnings from the Current Employment Statistics (CES) monthly survey of nonfarm establishments.
Each year, the CES survey realigns its sample-based
estimates to reflect more currently available universe counts
of employment—a process known as benchmarking. Comprehensive counts of employment, or benchmarks, are
derived primarily from employment data reported on unemployment insurance (UI) tax reports that nearly all employers are required to file with State Employment Security
Agencies.
The incorporation of the March 2000 benchmarks has
revised all unadjusted data for the period after the March
1999 benchmark, that is, from April 1999 forward. Seasonally adjusted employment, hours, indexes of aggregate hours,
and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers have
been revised from January 1996 forward. This year's benchmark release also introduces new probability-based sample
estimates for the mining, construction, and manufacturing
industries.
Summary of the benchmark revisions
The March 2000 benchmark level for total nonfarm employment is 130,492,000; this figure is 468,000 above the previKirk Mueller is a supervisory statistician in the Division of Monthly
Industry Employment Statistics, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Telephone: (202)
691-6555; e-mail: CESInfo@bls.gov
ously published sample-based estimate, an adjustment of 0.4
percent. (See table 1.)
Table 2 summarizes the data for the March 2000 revisions, not seasonally adjusted, by industry. Unlike previous
years, the majority of the benchmark revision is in retail
trade and government. Estimates were revised upward
by 247,000, or 1.1 percent, in retail trade. Estimates in government were revised upward by 116,000, or 0.6 percent.
Within government, State government contributed an
upward revision of 43,000, or 0.9 percent, and local government estimates were revised upward by 73,000, or 0.5
percent.
Within retail trade, nearly all of the benchmark revision
came from eating and drinking places, which had an
upward revision of 122,000, or 1.5 percent, and general merchandise stores, which were revised upward by 85,000, or
3.1 percent.
Benchmark revisions in other industry divisions were
smaller. Services estimates were revised upward by 91,000,
or 0.2 percent. Within services, a large upward revision of
107,000, or 1.1 percent, occurred in business services. Downward revisions to the estimates occurred in social services
(-54,000), health services (-41,000), and motion pictures
(-35,000).
Finance, insurance, and real estate estimates were revised
downward, as were wholesale trade estimates. The finance,
insurance, and real estate revision (-43,000) was concentrated in depository institutions (-17,000). In wholesale trade,
the revision (-41,000) was primarily attributable to nondurable goods (-34,000).
Table 1. Percent differences between nonfarm employment benchmarks and estimates by industry division, March 1993-20001
Industry
Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities....
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
1
1993
0.2
2.2
1.6
1.1
1.0
-2.6
-.2
1.5
.1
-.1
Differences are based on comparisons of final, published March
estimates and benchmark levels, as originally published.
1994
0.7
-.7
1.9
1.3
2.2
1.2
1.3
2.1
-.8
.4
2
1995
0.5
.2
-1.6
.3
-.7
1.2
1.6
-1.8
.9
.2
1996
(2)
0.5
.2
1.0
-1.2
-1.7
.5
-1.1
.1
-.1
Less than 0.05 percent.
1997
1998
0.4
3.1
1.1
.7
-.3
-.1
-.1
.5
1.0
-.4
(2)
2.5
.3
.3
.6
(2)
-.5
.8
(2)
-.2
1999
0.2
-.2
1.9
.6
.5
-.9
.4
-.8
.1
.1
2000
0.4
0
.6
.2
.4
-.6
1.1
-.6
.2
.6
Other industry divisions had smaller upward revisions.
Construction was revised by 37,000, manufacturing by
33,000, and transportation and public utilities by 28,000.
Mining had no revision.
Revisions in the post-benchmark period
New estimates have been computed for each month since
March 2000, based on the new benchmark levels. On a seasonally adjusted basis, the revision in total nonfarm employment showed an increase of 292,000 in February 2001, reflecting the adjustment to the new benchmark, the recomputation of model adjustment (bias adjustment and net birth/
death levels), and seasonal adjustment factors. (See table 3.)
The monthly model adjustment levels from April 2000 to
March 2001 decreased from an average of 157,000 per month
to an average of 146,000 per month. The mining, construction, and manufacturing estimates from April 2000 forward
reflect a new sample design, revised estimation formulas,
and a new net birth/death modeling technique that replaces
bias adjustment factors. (See the "CES sample redesign
methodology" section for more details on the sample redesign.)
Why benchmarks differ from estimates
A benchmark revision is the difference between the benchmark level for a given March and its corresponding samplebased estimate. The overall accuracy of the establishment
survey is usually gauged by the size of this difference. The
benchmark revision often is regarded as a proxy for total
survey error, but this does not take into account errors in the
universe data. The employment counts obtained from quarterly unemployment insurance tax forms are administrative
data that reflect employer record-keeping practices and differing State laws and procedures. The benchmark revision
can be more precisely interpreted as the difference between
two independently derived employment counts, each subject to its own error sources.
Like any sample survey, the establishment survey is susceptible to two sources of error, sampling and nonsampling
error. Sampling error is present any time a sample is used
to make inferences about a population. The magnitude of
the sampling error, or variance, relates directly to sample
size and the percentage of the universe covered by that
sample. The CES monthly survey captures slightly under
one-third of the universe, exceptionally high by usual sampling standards. This coverage implies a very small sampling error at the total nonfarm employment level.
Both the universe counts and the establishment survey
estimates are subject to nonsampling errors common to all
surveys—coverage, response, and processing errors. The
error structures for both the CES monthly survey and the UI
universe are complex. Still, the two programs generally produce consistent total employment figures, each validating
the other. Over the last decade, annual benchmark revisions
at the total nonfarm level have averaged 0.3 percent, with
an absolute range from less than 0.05 percent to 0.7 percent.
Changes to published series
With the change in sample composition under the new design, it was necessary to review the adequacy of the sample
and population coverage of estimated series for the goodsproducing series this year. A few manufacturing series were
either eliminated or changed composition as a result; these
are shown in Exhibit 1. There were no changes in the published series for mining and construction.
Effect of benchmark revisions on other series
[Note: This section and the next apply to all industry series except those in mining, construction,
manufacturing, and wholesale trade for which new
procedures have been adopted under the CES
sample redesign.]
The routine benchmarking process also results in revisions
in the series on women workers and production or
nonsupervisory workers. There are no benchmark employment levels for these series; they are revised by preserving
ratios of employment for the particular series to all employees prior to benchmarking, and then applying these ratios to
the revised all-employee figures. These figures are calculated at the basic cell level and then aggregated to produce
the summary estimates.
Average weekly hours and average hourly earnings are
not benchmarked; they are estimated solely from reports
supplied by survey respondents at the basic estimating cell
level. The broader industry groups of the hours and earnings series, however, require a weighting mechanism to yield
meaningful averages. The production or nonsupervisory
worker employment estimates for the basic cells are used as
weights for the hours and earnings estimates for broader
industry groupings. Adjustments of the all-employee estimates to new benchmarks may alter the weights, which, in
turn, may change the estimates for hours and earnings of
production or nonsupervisory workers at higher levels of
aggregation.
Generally, new employment benchmarks have little effect
on hours and earnings estimates for major groupings. To
influence the hours and earnings estimates of a broader group,
employment revisions have to be relatively large and must affect
industries that have hours or earnings averages that are
substantially different from those of other industries in their
group. Occasionally, corrections of errors in the reported payroll
data for individual establishments may also change the averages
of selected industries. Table 4 gives detailed information on
revisions to specific hours and earnings series resulting from
the March 2000 benchmark. The revised hours and earnings
estimates for mining and manufacturing also reflect the new
sample design and revised estimation formulas. (Construction
hours and earnings estimates reflect the new sample design
and revised estimation formulas beginning with April 2000
data.) At the total private level, average hourly earnings were
revised upward by $0.01 to $13.60, and average weekly hours
were unchanged.
Exhibit 1. Published series discontinued or combined
Series title
SIC code
March 1999
benchmark
employment
Series disposition
Asbestos products
3292
1,900
Merged with unpublished not elsewhere classified (nee) series,
SIC 3299
Raw cane sugar
2061
5,800
Merged with SIC 2062 into a single published series, raw sugar,
SIC 2061,2
Cane sugar refining
2062
3,700
Merged with SIC 2061 into a single published series, raw sugar,
SIC 2061,2
Knit underwear mills
2254
9,000
Merged with unpublished nee series, SIC 2259
Misc. apparel and accessories ..
238
30,900
Merged with unpublished SIC 237 (March 1999 employment 700)
into a single published series, fur goods and misc. apparel and
accessories, SIC 237,8
Industrial organic chemicals,
nee
2869
104,200
Merged with unpublished SIC 2861 (March 1999 employment 2,600)
into a single published series, other industrial organic chemicals,
SIC 2861,9
Footwear, except rubber
314
33,800
Merged with unpublished SIC 313 (March 1999 employment 1,500)
into a single published series, footwear, except rubber, and footwear
cut stock, SIC 313,4
Methods
Benchmark adjustment procedure. Establishment survey
benchmarking is done on an annual basis to a population
derived primarily from the administrative file of employees
covered by unemployment insurance (UI). The time required
to complete the revision process—from the full collection of
the UI population data to publication of the revised industry
estimates—is about 15 months. The benchmark adjustment
procedure replaces the March sample-based employment
estimates with Ul-based population counts for March. The
benchmark therefore determines the final employment levels, while sample movements capture month-to-month
trends.
Benchmarks are established for each basic estimating cell
and are aggregated to develop published levels. On a not
seasonally adjusted basis, the sample-based estimates for the
year preceding and the year following the benchmark also
are then subject to revision. Employment estimates for the
months between the most recent March benchmark and the
previous year's benchmark are adjusted using a "wedge-back"
procedure. In this process, the difference between the benchmark level and the previously published March estimate for
each estimating cell is computed. This difference, or error,
is linearly distributed across the 11 months of estimates subsequent to the previous benchmark; eleven-twelfths of the
March difference is added to February estimates, ten-twelfths
to January estimates, and so on, ending with the previous
April estimates, which receive one-twelfth of the March difference. The wedge procedure assumes that the total estimation error accumulated at a steady rate since the last benchmark. Applying previously derived over-the-month sample
changes to the revised March level yields revised estimates
for the months following the March benchmark. New bias
adjustment factors, which incorporate the most recent benchmark experience, also are calculated and applied during postbenchmark estimation.
Benchmark source material. The principal source of benchmark data for private industries is the "ES-202 report." This
report contains employment data provided to State Employment Security Agencies by employers covered by State UI
laws. The ES-202 data are supplemented by universe counts
for Federal employees derived from summaries prepared by
the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM) for the
executive, legislative, and judicial branches. These summaries are complete counts of Federal workers and usually are
not subject to revision. The official OPM summaries do not
provide industry detail for Federal employing units, such as
hospitals, on a current monthly basis. BLS estimates these
from a sample of Federal establishments. BLS uses several
other sources to establish benchmarks for the remaining industries partially covered or exempt from mandatory UI coverage, accounting for nearly 2.5 percent of the nonfarm
employment total.
Data on employees covered under Social Security laws,
published by the U.S. Census Bureau in County Business
Patterns, are used to augment UI data for nonoffice insurance sales workers, child daycare workers, religious organizations, and private schools and hospitals. Benchmarks for
State and local government hospitals and educational institutions are based on the Annual Census of Governments
conducted by the Census Bureau. Benchmark data from
these sources are available only on a 1- or 2-year lagged
basis. Extrapolation to a current level is accomplished by
assuming and applying the employment trends from the UIcovered part of the population in these industries to the
noncovered part. Universe data for interstate railroads are
obtained from the Interstate Commerce Commission.
Model-based adjustment. Bias adjustment factors are computed for those industries that use the quota sample. Factors
are computed for each 3-digit SIC level, but are applied at
the basic cell level, as part of the standard monthly estimation procedures. The main purpose of bias adjustment is to
reduce a primary source of nonsampling error in the survey—the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment
generated by new business formations. There is a lag
between an establishment opening for business and its
appearance on the UI universe frame to be available for sampling. Because new firms generate a substantial amount of
employment growth during any given year, nonsampling
methods are used to estimate this growth; otherwise, substantial underestimation of total employment levels would
occur. Formal bias adjustment procedures have been used
in the CES program since the late 1960s. Prior to the 1983
benchmark, bias adjustments were derived from a simple
mean error model, which averaged undercount errors for
the previous 3 years to arrive at bias projections for the coming post-benchmark year.
This procedure eventually proved inadequate during periods of rapidly changing employment trends, and the bias
adjustment methods were revised. Research done in the early
1980s indicated that bias requirements were strongly correlated with current employment growth or decline. Based on
this finding, a revised method was developed. It incorporated data on employment growth over the most recent two
quarters, and a regression-derived coefficient for the significance of that change, to adjust the mean error model
results. This methodological enhancement made the model
more sensitive to cyclical changes. BLS has used the regression-adjusted mean error model since 1983 for the production of national estimates.
Although an important function of bias adjustment is to
account for employment resulting from new business formations, it also adjusts for other types of nonsampling error
in the survey. Because the primary input to the modeling
procedure is the total estimation error, the monthly bias adjustment levels have no specific economic meaning in and
of themselves, but represent a correction process for a complex joint error structure of sample and universe data.
Text table A summarizes the above discussion and includes the net birth/death models. It shows the March benchmarks and revisions for total private employment from 1990
through 2000. The table also shows the average monthly
"model adjustment added" and "model adjustment required."
Model adjustment added is the average amount of model
adjustment that is added each month over the course of an
interbenchmark period. For example, the adjustment added
for 2000 was 153,000; this represents the average model
adjustment made each month over the period April 1999
through March 2000. Model adjustment required is computed retrospectively, after the March benchmark for a given
year is determined. Total model adjustment required is the
difference between a March estimate derived purely from
the CES sample (that is, a series calculated without any bias
adjustment) and the March benchmark. Dividing this figure
by 12 gives the average monthly model adjustment required
figure. The model adjustment required thus equals the
amount of monthly bias adjustment needed to achieve a zero
benchmark error. For a given year, the difference between
the total model adjustment required and total model adjustment added is approximately the benchmark revision amount.
Also included in the table, for comparison, is the March-toMarch change. As discussed above, the over-the-year change
shows some correlation with the model adjustment added
and model adjustment required figures.
The current bias estimation model has limitations in its
ability to react to changing economic conditions or changing error structure relationships between the sample-based
estimates and the UI universe tabulations. A principal disadvantage is the model's inability to incorporate UI counts
as they become available on an ongoing basis, with their 6to 9-month lags from the reference period. The quarterly
Text table A. March employment benchmarks and model
adjustments for total private industries, March 1990-2000
(In thousands)
Benchmark
Year
Employ- Revision2
ment1
Average monthly Over-themodel adjustment
year
employAdded3 Required4 ment
change5
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
90,546
88,790
88,347
89,790
92,730
-261
-583
-130
288
688
85
61
33
83
115
63
12
22
107
171
1,531
-1,756
-443
1,443
2,940
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
96,175
98,158
101,040
103,965
106,627
511
72
518
85
242
144
129
130
150
150
187
135
173
157
170
3,445
1,983
2,882
2,925
2,662
20006
109,432
352
153
183
2,805
1
Universe counts for March of each year are used to make annual
benchmark adjustments to the employment estimates. About 98 percent of the benchmark employment is from unemployment insurance
administrative records, and the remaining 2 percent is from alternate
sources. Data represent benchmark levels as originally computed.
2
Difference between the final March sample-based estimate and
the benchmark level for total private employment.
3
The average amount of model adjustment each month over the
course of an inter-benchmark period, that is, from April of the prior
year through March of the given year.
4
The difference between the March benchmark and the March
estimate derived solely from the sample without model adjustment,
converted to a monthly amount by dividing by 12.
5
March-to-March changes in the benchmark employment level.
6
Wholesale trade uses the net birth/death model.
Note: Data in this table exclude government employment because
there is no bias adjustment for this sector.
bias factors currently produced by the model are therefore
subject to intervention analysis, and adjustments can be made
to model results prior to the establishment of final factors
for a quarter. The bias factors are reviewed primarily through
detection of outliers (that is, abnormally high or low values)
and by comparison of CES sample and bias trends with the
most recent quarterly observations of UI universe counts.
CES sample redesign
In June 1995, BLS announced plans for a comprehensive
sample redesign of its monthly payroll survey. The initial
research phase for the CES sample redesign was completed
in 1997, and the Bureau launched a production test of the
new sample redesign at that time. The production test phase
concluded in June 2000, when the first estimates from the
new design, for the wholesale trade industry, were published
with the March 1999 benchmark revisions. The second phase
of the implementation occurred when the first estimates for
the mining, construction, and manufacturing industries were
published with the 2000 benchmark revisions. The remaining industry divisions will be phased in with subsequent
years' benchmark releases in 2002 and 2003.
Original design limitations. The original CES survey is a
quota sample, the inception of which, over 50 years ago,
predated the introduction of probability sampling as the
internationally recognized standard for sample surveys.
Quota samples are known to be at risk for potentially significant biases; introducing a probability-based sample for
CES more effectively ensures a proper representation of the
universe of nonfarm business establishments through randomized selection techniques and the regular rotation of
sample members.
In addition, the CES sample redesign addresses a second
critical limitation of the current CES sample, which is lack
of timely sample-based representation of employment from
new business births. Procedures have been developed for
regular sample updates that ensure better representation of
new units in the CES sample. Time series modeling techniques are being used to estimate the residual portion of birth
employment not accounted for through the improved sampling techniques. Introduction of a probability-based sample
for the CES survey also allows for the publication of sampling errors and confidence intervals, standard survey accuracy measures not directly applicable to the current
nonprobability design. Overall accuracy of the survey employment estimates, however, will still be best measured by
the magnitude of annual benchmark revisions, as they encompass the total estimation error associated with the CES
employment series.
The new CES sample design. The new design is a stratified,
simple random sample of worksites, clustered by UI account
number. The UI account number is a major identifier on the
BLS longitudinal database of employer records, which serves
as both the sample frame and the benchmark source for the
CES employment estimates. The sample strata, or subpopulations, are defined by State, industry, and employment size,
yielding a State-based design. The sampling rates for each
stratum are determined through a method known as optimum allocation, which distributes a fixed number of sample
units across a set of strata to minimize the overall variance,
or sampling error, on the primary estimate of interest. The
total nonfarm employment level is the primary estimate of
interest, and the new design gives top priority to measuring
it as precisely as possible, or, in other words, minimizing
the statistical error around the statewide total nonfarm employment estimates.
For the CES redesign, the number of sample units drawn
was fixed to the approximate size of the existing CES sample,
which is the sample size supportable with current program
resources. This sample size supports and provides for highly
reliable national CES estimates at the total nonfarm and
detailed industry levels.
The sampling frame and the CES sample are updated
twice a year with new quarters of Ul-based universe data.
This frame maintenance helps to keep the sample up to date
by adding new firm births and deleting business deaths. In
addition, the new design specifies an annual update process
that includes sample frame maintenance and the redrawing
of the entire sample for the first quarter of each year. Frame
maintenance provides for the updating of industry, size class,
and metropolitan area designations and for the merging of
semiannual birth samples into the overall frame. A high
degree of overlap is expected at each annual update because
all UI accounts are ordered on the frame with a permanent
random number (PRN). This technique assigns random numbers to all UI accounts on the universe frame at the time
they first appear and then orders the frame by PRN. The
allocation for each sampling cell is fulfilled by working down
the ordered PRN list until the full complement of needed
units is drawn. Because the random numbers are permanent, and thus remain in essentially the same order on the
frame, this technique minimizes cancellation of existing
sample units and the need to solicit replacement units.
Estimation formulas. Improved estimators also have been
developed for the CES survey to support the new sample
design. The primary difference from the current CES estimator is the application of a weight to each sample unit in
the estimation process. The weights are derived from population sampling fractions and are a standard feature of probability sample estimators. A sampled unit's weight is the
inverse of its probability of selection. The new estimator is
defined as a weighted link relative.
In order to prevent series breaks in the hours and earnings estimates, the initial implementation of the redesign
utilizes the weighted link relative estimator for these data
types, and the first month's redesign estimate links from
the final month's estimate produced under the current sample
design. This is a change to the usual CES procedure of initializing new hours and earnings series with the sample av-
erage value for the first month and then applying a "link
and taper" methodology. That methodology accounts for the
over-the-month change in the sampled units, but also includes a tapering feature used to keep the estimates close to
the overall sample average over time. The taper is considered to be a level correction. However, following this procedure could result in series breaks in hours and earnings series for each major industry division as it is introduced, and
affect the total private level estimates as well.
Business birth and death estimation. Regular updating of
the CES sample frame with information from the UI universe files helps to keep the CES survey current with respect
to employment from business births and business deaths.
However, the most timely UI universe files available always
will be a minimum of 9 months out of date. The CES survey
thus cannot rely on regular frame maintenance alone to provide estimates for business birth and death employment contributions. BLS has researched both sample-based and modelbased approaches to measuring birth units that have not yet
appeared on the UI universe frame. The research demonstrated that sampling for births was not feasible in the very
short CES production timeframes. Research also indicated
that, while both the business birth and death components
are relatively large, the net contribution is relatively small
and stable. To account for this net birth/death portion of
total employment, BLS is implementing an estimation procedure with two components. The first component uses business deaths to impute employment for business births. The
second component is an ARIMA (Auto-Regressive Integrated
Moving Average) time series model designed to estimate
the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for
by the imputations. The ARIMA time series model forecasts
at the 4-digit SIC level the over-the-month changes of the
net birth/death series. The forecasts generated by the input
series are used to generate the birth/death series used for the
post-benchmark estimates and ongoing production.
Difference between the birth/death model and bias adjustment. Text table B compares the level of bias adjustment
applied in the previous published CES series with the net
birth/death adjustment used in the experimental series. Over
the course of the "post-benchmark year" from April 2000 to
March 2001, the cumulative bias adjustment added 153,000
to the construction employment level while the net birth/
death model added 104,000 overall. Manufacturing added
93,000 in employment from bias adjustment during the
period, while the net birth/death added 54,000. Mining had
no bias added, and had a net birth/death adjustment
of -4,000. Note that the net birth/death model has greater
variability from month to month, including some months
with a negative adjustment. This mainly reflects the seasonal
pattern of the net birth/death series observed in the historical UI universe data series.
The net birth/death models will replace the bias adjustment modeling currently used for the CES program as the
series for each major industry division are phased in for
official publication. The ARIMA model component will be
updated and reviewed on a quarterly basis, as are the
current bias adjustments. However, the net birth/death model-
Text table B. Bias adjustment effects for published series versus net birth/death model effects for the mining, construction,
and manufacturing industries
(In thousands)
Mining
Year and month
Bias
adjustment
for published
series
Construction
Net birth/death
adjustment
for the
postbenchmark
period
Bias
adjustment
for published
series
Manufacturing
Net birth/death
adjustment
for the
postbenchmark
period
Bias
adjustment
for published
series
Net birth/death
adjustment
for the
postbenchmark
period
Monthly amount
2000:
April
May
June
July
August
September ...
October
November ....
December ....
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
12
12
12
12
12
12
14
14
14
44
46
32
14
17
11
10
-13
-16
8
8
8
7
7
7
9
9
9
1
17
11
1
12
8
-4
3
3
January
February
March
0
0
0
-7
0
0
13
13
13
-85
13
31
7
7
7
-22
10
14
Cumulative total
0
-4
153
104
93
54
2001:
component figures will be unique to each month, unlike the
bias adjustments, which are identical for all 3 months of a
given quarter.
An important conceptual and empirical distinction between the current bias adjustment and new net birth/death
models lies in the elements the models are designed to identify. Although the primary purpose of the existing bias
adjustment process is to account for new business birth employment, it also adjusts for other elements of nonsampling
error, or bias, in the current CES estimate, because the primary input to the model is total estimation error. Sampling
bias can be significant in the existing sample because of its
quota design, and the bias component is therefore relatively
large. In contrast, the net birth/death models estimate only
the residual component not measurable by the sample; the
models do not attempt to correct for deficiencies in sample
design. Therefore, the net birth/death model component in
the redesign series is expected to be smaller than the bias
adjustment component in the current CES estimates.
The most significant potential drawback to a model-based
approach is that time series modeling assumes a predictable
continuation of historical patterns and relationships. Therefore, a model-based approach is likely to have some difficulty producing reliable estimates at economic turning points
or during periods in which there are sudden changes in trend.
In sum, accurate estimation of the business birth component
of total nonfarm employment will continue to be the most
difficult issue in CES employment estimation.
Benchmarking. Annual benchmark adjustment that revises
2 years of data will continue under the redesign, but with
slight modifications to the annual process. Currently, when
national series are benchmarked, sample links derived from
the final (or third) set of monthly estimates are applied to
the March benchmark level to re-estimate 1 year forward
from the new benchmark levels. The year prior to the benchmark is adjusted by a simple wedge-back procedure that distributes the benchmark error in equal increments across the
year preceding the March benchmark.
For initial implementation of the redesign, estimates for each
major industry division both the year prior to and the year
following the March benchmark month are revised to incorporate sample-based estimates calculated from the new sample
and estimators wherever possible. In the June 2001 implementation, 2 full years of mining and manufacturing estimates were
replaced with redesign-based estimates. For industries that do
not have the complete probability sample enrolled by the previous March benchmark month, the published quota estimates
will be wedged and the post-benchmark estimates will be calculated using the new sample and estimators. This technique
was used for introduction of redesign estimates for the construction series in June 2001. Thus, there is more revision in
the benchmark period than experienced previously for all data
types. In particular, basic cell-level hours and earnings estimates, which have no benchmark revision under current procedures, are subject to change.
Further sample redesign implementation plans. BLS will
continue a phase-in of the new design by major industry
division. Implementation of the new sample and estimators
for major divisions is scheduled to coincide with the publication of benchmark revisions so as not to disrupt published
over-the-month changes for current-month estimates with a
continually changing sample composition. The schedule for
conversion is shown in exhibit 2.
Exhibit 2. CES redesign implementation phase-in schedule of
probability-based estimates
Major division
National
State
and area
Wholesale trade
June 2000 March 2001
Mining
June 2001
March 2002
Construction
June 2001
March 2002
Manufacturing
June 2001
March 2002
Transportation and public utilities
June 2002 March 2003
Finance, insurance, and real estate ..
June 2002 March 2003
Retail trade
June 2002 March 2003
Services
June 2003 March 2003
CES redesign revisions for mining and
manufacturing
Text table C shows the differences between the mining and
manufacturing industry employment estimates and benchmarks for March 2000. The benchmark level for the probability-based mining employment estimate would have posted
an upward benchmark revision of 2,000, or 0.4 percent, while
the previously published series had no revision. The probability-based manufacturing series would have been revised
down by 38,000, or 0.2 percent, compared with the previously published series which was revised up by 33,000. The
benchmark revisions for redesign-based estimates compare
favorably with historical benchmark revisions yielded by the
old sampling and estimation methods. The 10-year mean
absolute revision for mining was 1.1 percent, and the mean
absolute revision for manufacturing was 0.6 percent.
Availability of revised data
LABSTAT, the BLS public database on the Internet, contains all historical employment, hours, and earnings data
revised as a result of this benchmark, both unadjusted and
seasonally adjusted data, and updated seasonal adjustment
factors. The data can be accessed at http://www.bls.gov/
ceshome.htm, the Current Employment Statistics homepage.
Employment, hours, and earnings estimates are published
monthly in Employment and Earnings for most of the significant nonfarm industries. Those industries for which
monthly data are not published either are quite small or are
Text table C. Differences between mining and manufactuing employment estimates and benchmarks, March 2000
(In thousands)
Industry
Mining
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
CES
published
estimate
CES
redesign
estimate
CES
benchmark
(D
(2)
(3)
CES
redesign
benchmark
revision
(3)-(2)
525
18,441
11,109
7,332
2.0
-38.0
23.0
-61.0
525
18,408
11,077
7,331
523
18,479
11,086
7,393
not represented by a sufficient sample. Table 5 contains the
March 2000 benchmark figures for these industries.
(3)-d)
0.0
33.0
32.0
1.0
effect modeling for the construction industry by disaggregating the construction series into its finer industry and geographic estimating cells and tightening outlier designation
parameters. This allowed a more precise identification of
weather-related outliers that had masked the interval effect
and clouded the seasonal adjustment patterns in general.
With these outliers removed, interval effect modeling
became feasible. The result is a seasonally adjusted series
for construction that is improved because it is controlled for
two potential distortions, unusual weather events and the
4- versus 5-week effect.
For a few series, model fitting for the interval effect continues to be problematic; these series are seasonally adjusted
with the X-12 procedures but without the interval effect adjustment. The all-employee series that do not have the interval effect adjustment are local and interurban passenger transit; private educational services; membership organizations;
miscellaneous services, not elsewhere classified; transportation equipment; and motor vehicles and equipment.
BLS is continuing the practice of making special adjustments for average weekly hours and average weekly overtime series to account for the presence or absence of religious holidays in the April survey reference period and the
occurrence of Labor Day in the September reference period.
From 1988 forward, those adjustments are accomplished as
a part of the X-12 ARIMA modeling process; estimates prior
to 1988 were adjusted through a moving-holiday extension
of X-ll ARIMA. A special adjustment also is made in
November each year for poll workers in the local government, except education series; this adjustment is incorporated as part of the X-12 modeling process for 1988 forward. An X-l 1 ARIMA-based procedure is used for earlier
years.
The standard procedure for seasonal adjustment for the
local education employment series was improved with the
1997 benchmark. In the past, the seasonal factors for
this industry were derived using the standard seasonal
adjustment procedure of a logarithmic transformation of
the data as input for the multiplicative decomposition of the
series. However, in recent years, the forecast seasonal factors have failed to reflect the changing behavior of this
industry in the summer months. The factors for this industry now are derived using a square-root transformation of
the data as input for an additive decomposition of the series.
Seasonal adjustment procedure
BLS uses X-12 ARIMA software developed by the U.S. Census Bureau to seasonally adjust national employment, hours,
and earnings series derived from the CES program. Series
are seasonally adjusted using multiplicative models; additive models are not considered. For employment, seasonal
adjustment factors are directly applied to the component levels. Individual 2-digit SIC levels are seasonally adjusted,
and higher level aggregates are formed by summation of
these components. Seasonally adjusted totals for hours and
earnings are obtained by taking weighted averages of the
seasonally adjusted data for the component series. Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a small number of
series characterized by small seasonal components relative
to their trend-cycle and irregular components. These
unpublished series are used, however, in aggregations of
broader seasonally adjusted levels.
BLS computes and publishes projected seasonal factors
twice a year for use in seasonally adjusting the establishment-based employment, hours, and earnings series. Factors for the 6-month period, May through October 2001, are
published in tables 6 through 11. Additionally, these tables
include revised seasonal factors for March and April 2001,
based on the most current seasonal adjustment computations;
these factors are in use for the March final and April second
preliminary and final estimates.
With the release of the 1995 benchmark revision, BLS
began refining its seasonal adjustment procedures to control
for survey interval variations, sometimes referred to as the
4- versus 5-week effect. At that time, data for 1988 forward
were revised to incorporate this new methodology.
BLS also continues its special treatment in seasonally
adjusting the construction industry series, which began with
the 1996 benchmark revision. In the application of the interval effect modeling process to the construction series, there
initially was difficulty in accurately identifying and measuring the effect because of the strong influence of variable
weather patterns on employment movements in the industry. Thus, interval effect modeling was not used for the construction series over the first year of the X-12 implementation. Further research allowed BLS to incorporate interval
CES
benchmark
revision
10
These modifications produce seasonal factors that better
reflect current industry seasonal patterns. However, the
annual averages of seasonally adjusted and unadjusted
series will not be equal.
Refinements in hours and earnings seasonal adjustment.
With the release of the 1997 benchmark, BLS implemented
refinements to the seasonal adjustment process for the hours
and earnings series to correct for distortions related to the
method of accounting for the varying length of payroll periods across months. There is a significant correlation between
over-the-month changes in both the average weekly hour
(AWH) and the average hourly earnings (AHE) series and
the number of weekdays in a month, resulting in noneconomic fluctuations in these two series. Both AWH and AHE
show more growth in "short" months (20 or 21 weekdays)
than in "long" months (22 or 23 weekdays). Much of the
previously unexplained volatility in these series is attributable to this calendar effect. The calendar effect is evident
from 1989 forward in most service-producing industries and
at the total private level. The effect is stronger for the AWH
than for the AHE series.
The calendar effect is traceable to response and processing errors associated with converting payroll and hours information from sample respondents with semimonthly or
monthly pay periods to a weekly equivalent. The response
error comes from sample respondents reporting a fixed number of total hours for workers regardless of the length of the
reference month, while the CES conversion process assumes
that the hours reporting will be variable. A constant level of
hours reporting most likely occurs when employees are salaried rather than paid by the hour, as employers are less likely
to keep actual detailed hours records for such employees.
This causes artificial peaks in the AWH series in shorter
months that are reversed in longer months.
The processing error occurs when respondents with salaried workers report hours correctly (vary them according to
the length of the month), which dictates that different conversion factors be applied to payroll and hours. The CES
processing system uses the hours conversion factor for both
fields, resulting in peaks in the AHE series in short months
and reversals in long months. Currently, the CES processing system can accommodate only one conversion factor per
reporter.
REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors)
modeling is used to identify, measure, and remove the lengthof-pay-period effect for seasonally adjusted average weekly
hours and average hourly earnings series. The lengthof-pay-period variable proves significant for explaining
AWH movements in all the service-producing industry
divisions. For AHE, the length-of-pay-period variable is significant for three major industry divisions: wholesale trade;
finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. All division-level AWH series in the service-producing sector have
been adjusted from January 1989 forward. The division-level
AHE series for wholesale trade; finance, insurance, and real
estate; and services have been adjusted from January 1989
forward, as well.
The series to which length-of-pay-period adjustment is
applied are not subject to the 4- versus 5-week adjustment,
as the modeling cannot support the number of variables that
would be required in the regression equation to make both
adjustments. Because the 4- versus 5-week model shows only
marginal significance in the service-producing industries,
its replacement with the length-of-pay-period adjustment is
a viable trade-off. The 4- versus 5-week adjustment is most
significant in manufacturing hours and earnings series; it
will continue to be applied there and in other divisions not
affected by the length-of-pay-period variable.
Table 2. Differences between nonfarm employment benchmarks and estimates by industry, March 2000
(Numbers in thousands)
Difference
Industry
Benchmark
Total
Estimate
Amount
Percent
130,492
130,024
468
0.4
109,432
109,080
352
.3
25,291
25,221
70
.3
525
40
79
297
108
525
44
80
295
106
0
-4
-1
2
2
0
-10.0
-1.3
.7
1.9
6,325
1,461
816
4,049
6,288
1,437
800
4,051
37
24
16
-2
.6
1.6
2.0
18,441
18,408
33
.2
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ...
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Computer and office equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electronic components and assessories ..
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
11,109
825
558
571
704
227
1,533
2,119
359
1,692
660
1,875
1,027
470
841
392
11,077
818
556
556
701
227
1,527
2,129
363
1,682
646
1,868
1,027
465
844
395
32
7
2
15
3
0
6
-10
-4
10
14
7
0
5
-3
-3
.3
.8
.4
2.6
.4
0
.4
-.5
-1.1
.6
2.1
.4
0
1.1
-.4
-.8
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and othertextile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
7,332
1,655
35
536
652
658
1,546
1,037
126
1,017
72
7,331
1,636
34
547
663
660
1,548
1,029
129
1,010
75
1
19
1
-11
-11
-2
-2
8
-3
7
-3
(1)
1.1
2.9
-2.1
-1.7
-.3
-.1
.8
-2.4
.7
-4.2
84,141
83,859
282
.3
6,929
4,452
235
486
1,815
185
1,254
14
463
2,477
1,627
850
6,901
4,446
220
508
1,798
190
1,255
12
464
2,455
1,600
856
28
6
15
-22
17
-5
-1
2
-1
22
27
-6
.4
.1
6.4
-4.5
.9
-2.7
-.1
14.3
-.2
.9
1.7
-.7
6,960
4,164
2,796
7,001
4,171
2,830
-41
-7
-34
-.6
-.2
-1.2
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Metal mining
Coalmining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors
Manufacturing
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger transit
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
,
,
,
See footnotes at end of table.
12
0
Table 2. Differences between nonfarm employment benchmarks and estimates by industry, March 2000—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Difference
Industry
Benchmark
Estimate
Amount
Percent
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments
22,829
998
2,744
2,415
3,462
2,385
1,106
1,142
1,118
7,989
2,990
22,582
1,002
2,659
2,326
3,456
2,387
1,102
1,150
1,101
7,867
2,961
247
-4
85
89
6
-2
4
-8
17
122
29
1.1
-.4
3.1
3.7
.2
-.1
.4
-.7
1.5
1.5
1.0
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Savings institutions
Nondepository institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and service
Real estate
7,528
3,697
2,032
1,436
252
689
318
727
248
2,356
1,599
756
1,475
7,571
3,705
2,049
1,462
243
693
331
724
240
2,367
1,601
766
1,499
-43
-8
-17
-26
9
-4
-13
3
8
-11
-2
-10
-24
-.6
-.2
-.8
-1.8
3.6
-.6
-4.1
.4
3.2
-.5
-.1
-1.3
-1.6
Services2
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Child day care services
Residential care
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Management and public relations
Services, nee
39,895
726
1,807
1,305
9,634
990
3,739
3,362
2,061
1,231
364
593
1,551
10,036
1,910
1,792
3,971
640
1,000
2,445
2,887
720
795
100
2,461
3,384
989
1,067
51
39,804
724
1,806
1,329
9,527
996
3,691
3,298
1,918
1,191
382
628
1,578
10,077
1,915
1,787
4,000
638
1,002
2,474
2,941
767
809
95
2,427
3,379
976
1,081
53
91
2
1
-24
107
-6
48
64
143
40
-18
-35
-27
-41
-5
5
-29
2
-2
-29
-54
-47
-14
5
34
5
13
-14
-2
.2
.3
.1
-1.8
1.1
-.6
1.3
1.9
6.9
3.3
-4.7
-5.9
-1.7
-.4
-.3
.3
-.7
.3
-.2
-1.2
-1.2
-6.6
-1.7
4.2
1.4
.2
1.3
-1.3
-5.0
Government
Federal
Federal, except Postal Service
State
Education
Other State government
Local
Education
Other local government
21,060
2,808
1,948
4,902
2,174
2,728
13,350
7,813
5,537
20,944
2,808
1,948
4,859
2,126
2,734
13,277
7,760
5,518
116
0
0
43
48
-6
73
53
19
.6
0
0
.9
2.2
-.2
.5
.7
.3
1
1
Less than 0.05 percent.
13
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Table 3. Differences in seasonally adjusted levels and over-the-month changes, total nonfarm employment,
January 2000-April 2001
(In thousands)
Levels
Year and month
2000:
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
2001:
January
February
March
Aprilp
Over-the-month changes
As
previously
published
As
previously
published
As
revised
130,387
130,482
131,009
131,419
131,590
131,647
131,607
131,528
131,723
131,789
131,842
131,878
130,668
130,843
131,441
131,683
131,909
131,969
131,899
131,837
132,046
132,145
132,279
132,367
281
361
432
264
319
322
292
309
323
356
437
489
349
95
527
410
171
57
-40
-79
195
66
53
36
303
175
598
242
226
60
-70
-62
209
99
134
88
-46
80
71
-168
55
3
-30
17
14
33
81
52
132,167
132,303
132,250
132,027
132,428
132,595
132,654
132,472
261
292
404
445
289
136
-53
-223
61
167
59
-182
-228
31
112
41
Difference
As
revised
Difference
p=preliminary.
Table 4. Effect of March 2000 benchmark revisions on hours and earnings estimates, selected industries
Average weekly hours
Industry
Previous
estimate
Revised
estimate
Average hourly earnings
Difference
Previous
estimate
Revised
estimate
Difference
Total private.
34.2
34.2
0
$13.59
$13.60
Good-producing..
40.9
40.9
0
15.14
15.15
.01
43.9
42.5
-1.4
17.28
17.16
-.12
38.8
38.8
0
17.54
17.57
.03
Mining1
Construction ...
1
41.5
41.6
.1
14.22
14.22
0
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment.
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
42.2
40.5
39.9
42.5
44.3
42.2
42.4
41.7
43.8
41.2
39.5
42.3
40.9
40.1
42.1
45.1
42.5
42.4
41.2
44.0
41.7
39.2
.1
.4
.2
-.4
.8
.3
0
-.5
.2
.5
-.3
14.76
11.62
11.59
14.03
16.34
13.69
15.43
13.70
18.70
14.40
11.55
14.66
11.72
11.60
14.25
16.24
13.73
15.45
13.61
18.18
14.24
11.54
-.10
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
40.6
40.9
38.8
41.5
37.8
42.9
38.1
42.5
43.6
41.4
37.9
40.6
41.1
39.7
41.6
38.0
42.3
38.1
42.5
42.7
41.3
37.4
0
.2
.9
.1
.2
-.6
0
0
-.9
-.1
-.5
13.37
12.27
19.10
10.86
9.05
16.00
14.18
17.63
22.24
12.58
10.01
13.53
12.35
20.83
11.05
9.24
15.98
14.31
17.88
22.34
12.67
10.05
1.73
.19
.19
-.02
.13
.25
.10
.09
.04
32.6
32.6
13.11
13.12
.01
Manufacturing
Service-producing
1
$0.01
.10
.01
.22
-.10
.04
.02
-.09
-.52
-.16
-.01
.16
.08
Transportation and public utilities .
38.0
38.1
.1
16.02
16.02
Wholesale trade
38.2
38.2
0
14.83
14.86
.03
Retail trade
28.6
28.6
0
9.37
9.37
0
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
35.9
35.9
0
14.97
14.96
-.01
Services
32.5
32.5
0
13.77
13.80
.03
,
The revised mining and manufacturing estimates for March 2000 reflect a new sample design and revised estimation formulas.
14
Table 5. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1993-2000
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC Code
Total
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
108,935 112,141 115,849 117,952 120,903 124,050 127,125 130,492
Total private
89,790
92,730
96,175
98,158 101,040 103,965 106,627 109,432
Goods-producing
22,754
23,181
23,784
23,884
24,359
24,871
24,990
25,291
603
2.5
18.7
5.8
47.1
63.3
7.4
5.0
7.5
9.3
592
2.4
17.1
5.9
45.8
59.4
7.2
5.0
7.4
9.3
576
2.4
17.7
6.2
43.4
56.2
7.4
5.2
7.7
10.0
566
2.4
19.0
6.8
40.2
50.6
6.7
5.0
7.5
10.4
580
2.4
19.1
7.5
40.0
50.4
6.0
4.9
7.5
10.9
592
2.5
16.7
7.2
38.4
49.3
5.8
4.9
7.3
11.4
539
2.4
14.7
6.2
36.1
46.0
5.6
4.6
7.3
11.6
525
2.4
13.1
6.3
32.4
40.7
5.9
4.2
7.3
12.5
4,177
42.4
181.6
228.3
118.1
194.4
30.1
127.3
46.6
166.0
18.5
442.3
56.4
32.0
93.0
260.9
4,497
39.6
190.8
239.0
127.6
210.9
31.3
144.9
49.9
185.9
19.6
482.2
59.7
33.1
101.5
287.9
4,748
43.6
196.8
246.8
137.5
222.1
33.4
156.2
53.1
208.1
20.6
511.9
62.7
35.4
111.0
302.8
4,952
43.1
203.7
253.9
140.9
230.0
34.5
166.4
54.5
221.4
21.4
531.7
68.2
37.0
116.4
310.1
5,260
44.8
219.3
255.4
152.2
248.9
37.2
182.9
58.8
239.8
21.6
568.1
72.9
39.7
126.0
329.5
5,474
42.7
227.5
266.8
153.6
263.8
40.2
193.0
62.7
255.7
21.5
594.7
76.5
42.1
131.0
345.1
5,918
45.8
243.3
263.0
171.0
295.1
45.1
216.6
69.1
279.4
22.8
644.2
84.4
46.6
148.3
364.9
6,325
52.3
268.1
260.0
190.2
306.9
49.0
233.6
75.5
297.5
24.2
688.5
91.7
49.3
168.7
17,974
18,092
18,460
18,366
18,519
18,805
18,533
10,192
10,307
10,644
10,689
10,894
11,215
11,105
2429
2439
2448
2441,9
2452
2491
2493
2499
2.1
25.2
33.6
11.1
15.5
11.1
17.6
54.4
1.9
29.8
37.3
11.2
16.1
11.5
18.9
56.6
1.6
32.6
40.2
10.9
18.1
11.5
19.9
55.8
1.8
34.5
40.6
11.5
19.0
11.6
20.6
54.7
1.9
36.8
41.8
11.3
20.8
11.8
20.8
56.5
2.2
39.3
44.1
11.9
22.5
12.0
20.0
55.5
2.1
44.3
45.7
11.8
23.3
12.5
20.6
52.0
11,109
1.9
46.5
47.2
11.8
24.5
13.0
21.4
49.6
Furniture and fixtures:
Wood television and radio cabinets, and household
furniture, nee
Wood office furniture
Office furniture, except wood
Wood partitions and fixtures
Partitions and fixtures, except wood
Drapery hardware and blinds and shades
Furniture and fixtures, nee
2517,9
2521
2522
2541
2542
2591
2599
13.0
26.5
32.9
39.7
33.6
18.7
15.5
12.5
28.0
33.1
42.3
34.0
20.0
16.0
11.6
28.3
34.3
47.8
37.6
20.8
16.3
11.5
29.0
32.8
47.5
36.0
20.7
16.9
12.4
28.9
33.4
49.8
36.0
21.6
17.1
11.9
32.3
36.2
51.4
39.8
21.7
17.1
11.0
33.6
41.1
49.4
39.9
23.4
17.1
11.0
34.1
42.6
52.0
39.5
25.5
16.5
Stone, clay, and glass products:
Brick and structural clay tile
Clay refractories
Ceramic tile and structural clay products, nee
Vitreous plumbing fixtures
Porcelain electrical supplies
Other pottery products1
Lime
Gypsum products
Cut stone and stone products
Minerals, ground or treated
Nonclay refractories
Other nonmetallic mineral products1
3251
3255
3253,9
3261
3264
3262,3,9
3274
3275
328
3295
3297
3292,9
14.0
5.8
11.9
9.4
9.8
19.6
4.9
11.8
13.1
12.2
8.7
11.3
13.7
5.8
12.1
10.0
10.0
20.0
4.8
11.9
13.6
12.3
8.6
12.3
14.3
7.2
13.0
10.6
10.7
20.2
5.1
12.2
13.1
12.3
8.3
12.5
13.5
7.6
11.4
9.9
10.8
19.9
5.1
12.6
13.8
12.8
8.4
12.3
13.5
7.4
13.3
10.1
10.1
19.4
5.0
12.7
14.7
12.5
9.0
12.9
13.6
7.3
12.1
9.6
10.1
18.9
5.0
12.8
15.2
12.6
8.8
12.9
14.0
7.0
11.0
10.5
10.6
18.2
4.7
14.3
16.6
12.4
8.6
11.8
14.3
6.9
11.8
9.8
11.0
17.9
4.6
14.5
18.9
11.7
8.7
11.7
Mining
Lead and zinc ores
Gold and silver ores
Other metal ores and mining services
Bituminous coal and lignite-surface
Bituminous coal-underground
Anthracite mining and coal mining services
Natural gas liquids
Clay, ceramic, and refractory minerals
Dimension stone and other nonmetallic minerals
103
104
106,8,9
1221
1222
123,4
132
145
141,8,9
Construction
Bridge, tunnel, and elevated highway
Water, sewer, and utility lines
Heavy construction, nee
Masonry and other stonework
Plastering, drywall, and insulation
Terrazzo, tile, marble, and mosaic work
Carpentry work
Floor laying and floor work, nee
Concrete work
Water well drilling
Miscellaneous special trade contractors
Structural steel erection
Glass and glazing work
Excavation work
Wrecking, demolition, and other special trade contractors
1622
1623
1629
1741
1742
1743
1751
1752
177
178
179
1791
1793
1794
1795,6,9
378.8
Manufacturing
18,441
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products:
Special product sawmills, nee
Structural wood members, nee
Wood pallets and skids
Other wood containers1
Prefabricated wood buildings
Wood preserving
Reconstituted wood products
Wood products, nee
See footnotes at end of table.
15
Table 5. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1993-2000—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Primary metal industries:
Electrometallurgical products
Steel wire and related products
Cold finishing of steel shapes
Steel investment foundries
Primary copper
Primary nonferrous metals, nee
Secondary nonferrous metals
Aluminum extruded products
Aluminum and nonferrous rolling and drawing, nee
Aluminum die-castings
Nonferrous die-castings, except aluminum
Copper foundries
Nonferrous foundries, nee
Miscellaneous primary metal products
Metal heat treating
Primary metal products, nee
Fabricated metal products:
Metal barrels, drums, and pails
Cutlery
Metal sanitary ware
Prefabricated metal buildings
Miscellaneous metal work
Nonferrous forgings, crowns, and closures
Small arms, small arms ammunition, and other ordnance
and accessories, nee
Industrial valves
Fluid power valves and hose fittings
Steel springs1
Fabricated pipe and fittings
Metal foil and leaf, and fabricated metal products, nee ....
Industrial machinery and equipment:
Lawn and garden equipment
Elevators and moving stairways
Hoists, cranes, and monorails
Industrial patterns
Welding apparatus
Rolling mill and metalworking machinery, nee
Woodworking machinery
Paper industries machinery
Special industry machinery, nee
Packaging machinery
Industrial furnaces and ovens
General industrial machinery, nee
Computer storage devices
Computer peripheral equipment, nee
Automatic vending machines
Commercial laundry equipment
Measuring and dispensing pumps, and service industry
machinery, nee
Fluid power cylinders and actuators
Fluid power pumps and motors
Electronic and other electrical equipment:
Carbon and graphite products
Electrical industrial apparatus, nee
Household cooking equipment
Household vacuum cleaners and appliances, nee
Commercial lighting fixtures
Vehicular lighting equipment
Lighting equipment, nee
Prerecorded records and tapes
Radio and television communications equipment
1987
SIC Code
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
3313
3315
3316
3324
3331
3339
334
3354
3355,6
3363
3364
3366
3369
339
3398
3399
6.0
17.1
15.7
14.4
5.4
12.4
14.5
27.6
18.5
30.4
10.9
9.0
6.1
26.5
15.3
11.2
5.7
18.2
16.1
14.3
5.8
11.9
15.4
27.6
18.1
31.7
11.1
9.2
6.2
27.5
16.0
11.5
5.2
19.3
17.0
15.7
5.9
11.8
15.8
31.4
18.4
36.6
11.1
9.5
6.5
28.5
17.5
11.0
6.1
20.8
17.2
16.2
4.4
12.1
16.0
31.3
19.2
37.6
10.6
9.5
6.8
29.2
18.0
11.2
5.7
21.0
16.9
17.3
4.5
12.3
16.0
32.4
19.2
38.4
11.1
9.3
7.0
30.1
18.6
11.5
5.9
20.4
17.6
19.0
4.4
12.8
16.5
33.7
19.3
39.9
11.5
9.5
6.9
31.1
19.3
11.8
5.0
19.2
20.6
17.7
3.7
11.4
16.9
34.7
19.1
40.0
12.2
9.5
6.1
28.1
19.6
8.5
4.7
17.9
20.5
15.6
3.0
11.4
16.5
36.1
18.8
40.6
12.7
9.9
5.7
27.2
19.2
8.0
3412
3421
3431
3448
3449
3463,6
8.2
11.4
13.2
21.6
12.5
11.2
7.9
11.9
13.9
23.5
12.4
11.1
7.7
11.8
14.6
25.7
12.4
11.6
7.7
12.4
13.5
26.3
13.0
12.0
7.4
12.6
14.0
28.0
13.1
12.9
7.2
12.9
14.2
29.7
13.8
13.9
7.3
12.2
15.2
31.8
14.6
14.2
7.1
12.2
15.8
34.7
15.1
13.7
3482,4,9
3491
3492
3493,5
3498
3497,9
24.1
25.2
27.2
18.3
26.7
55.5
23.2
25.2
27.7
19.2
26.8
58.0
25.0
26.9
31.8
20.9
27.4
62.6
23.5
26.4
33.1
19.9
28.9
65.1
21.0
26.9
33.7
20.3
29.8
67.0
21.8
27.4
38.3
20.9
30.7
69.8
21.4
27.3
37.7
19.3
29.5
78.2
21.1
26.4
36.9
19.1
32.2
81.8
3524
3534
3536
3543
3548
3547,9
3553
3554
3559
3565
3567
3569
3572
3577
3581
3582
27.2
9.6
7.3
8.1
18.0
13.1
8.7
19.3
60.4
19.8
15.6
40.8
38.0
53.0
7.1
5.5
28.4
9.6
7.2
8.4
18.9
13.3
9.9
19.5
62.4
20.1
16.5
42.8
37.6
57.9
7.5
5.8
30.4
9.8
7.8
8.8
20.7
15.2
11.3
21.2
71.8
22.1
17.7
44.3
40.3
60.0
8.1
6.2
29.7
9.8
8.6
8.3
21.5
16.3
11.1
22.4
82.1
22.7
18.7
46.2
43.2
71.0
7.8
6.1
30.5
9.7
8.7
8.0
21.4
17.1
10.6
22.3
82.0
23.0
19.1
48.4
43.1
72.8
8.0
5.9
28.6
9.9
8.9
8.3
20.7
18.0
10.4
22.2
88.0
23.8
20.1
50.3
42.8
77.6
8.5
5.2
28.1
10.2
9.0
7.8
19.7
18.2
10.6
20.1
78.5
24.8
18.7
43.2
44.9
72.2
9.2
5.4
28.8
10.3
8.8
8.1
18.6
18.1
11.2
18.7
78.2
24.4
18.4
40.9
42.1
66.4
8.4
5.2
3586,9
3593
3594
42.9
16.3
26.3
45.8
17.1
25.4
48.6
18.5
26.2
47.9
18.8
26.8
47.5
18.6
27.0
48.5
19.4
28.3
51.0
19.8
27.8
51.1
19.0
25.8
3624
3629
3631
3635,9
3646
3647
3648
3652
3663
9.3
9.5
21.1
25.6
22.8
17.6
10.0
23.4
102.9
9.5
9.2
21.8
25.5
23.6
16.8
10.6
25.1
107.8
10.0
9.7
23.3
23.8
25.8
18.0
12.6
26.9
122.2
10.2
10.1
22.6
24.6
24.7
17.8
12.6
28.2
126.5
10.1
10.0
23.1
24.1
25.0
18.5
13.3
26.9
125.7
9.8
10.2
22.1
26.9
26.5
18.4
13.8
26.2
128.6
10.1
12.2
23.5
26.2
28.9
19.1
14.7
25.3
115.6
10.0
13.5
23.9
25.2
28.6
19.4
14.8
26.1
116.7
See footnotes at end of table.
1993
16
Table 5. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1993-2000—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Communications equipment, nee
Printed circuit boards
Electronic capacitors
Electronic resistors
Electronic coils and transformers
Electronic connectors
Primary batteries, dry and wet
Magnetic and optical recording media, and electrical
equipment and supplies, nee
1987
SIC Code
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
3669
3672
3675
3676
3677
3678
3692
24.8
99.8
19.6
10.1
17.4
15.6
11.3
25.0
100.6
19.4
10.4
16.8
15.9
11.5
28.0
114.8
20.9
10.6
18.9
16.9
11.9
29.2
126.7
21.3
10.8
18.9
18.4
12.0
29.3
132.5
20.1
10.3
18.6
19.7
12.0
29.9
143.2
19.6
9.8
9.1
18.5
21.1
12.4
16.8
22.1
15.0
32.5
134.6
19.1
9.2
18.2
22.6
15.8
3695,9
49.2
49.9
47.0
45.9
45.5
44.2
40.0
37.1
3716
375
18.5
17.1
19.6
18.0
20.6
20.9
18.2
22.3
19.3
21.4
20.0
21.6
22.2
19.6
23.6
19.0
3764,9
3795
3799
36.4
11.1
16.3
32.5
29.7
28.0
26.7
8.7
7.3
6.5
5.7
19.3
22.2
23.9
28.0
6.5
25.3
29.2
9.7
25.8
29.9
27.6
5.3
32.5
Instruments and related products:
Laboratory apparatus and furniture
Fluid meters and counting devices
Analytical instruments
Optical instruments and lenses
Measuring and controlling devices, nee
Dental equipment and supplies
X-ray apparatus and tubes
Electromedical equipment
3821
3824
3826
3827
3829
3843
3844
3845
10.2
12.4
28.0
17.4
40.4
13.8
10.8
38.4
9.9
9.6
12.5
27.3
18.4
38.3
14.2
10.8
41.7
11.9
27.7
18.1
40.6
13.8
12.7
41.9
10.2
11.9
30.0
20.1
41.2
14.5
12.7
42.7
10.1
11.6
31.1
21.9
41.4
14.2
12.9
44.3
10.0
11.9
32.2
23.9
43.9
15.0
13.3
44.3
10.0
12.6
31.6
23.8
38.6
15.7
13.4
47.2
10.4
12.0
33.0
25.7
37.4
15.6
12.8
47.1
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries:
Silverware and plated ware
Jewelers' materials and lapidary work
Pens and mechanical pencils
Lead pencils and art goods
Marking devices, carbon paper, and inked ribbons
Fasteners, buttons, needles, and pins
Brooms and brushes
Burial caskets
Hard surface floor coverings and manufacturing industries, nee ..
3914
3915
3951
3952
3953,5
3965
3991
3995
3996,9
6.2
7.0
8.7
7.8
6.1
7.0
8.3
7.5
6.5
6.3
9.0
7.5
6.1
6.2
9.0
7.2
6.0
6.3
9.0
7.4
6.1
6.3
8.9
6.9
5.6
5.7
9.3
6.6
16.8
11.4
14.1
17.1
11.3
14.1
15.0
11.0
14.6
15.0
10.4
14.2
14.8
10.1
14.2
15.2
14.8
Transportation equipment:
Motor homes
Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts
Space propulsion units and parts, and space vehicle
equipment, nee
Tanks and tank components
Transportation equipment, nee
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products:
Dry, condensed, and evaporated products
Creamery butter, ice cream, and frozen desserts1
Dehydrated fruits, vegetables, and soups
Pickles, sauces, and salad dressings
Frozen specialties, nee
Cereal breakfast foods
Rice milling
Prepared flour mixes and doughs
Wet corn milling
Dog and cat food
Chocolate and cocoa products and chewing gum
Salted and roasted nuts and seeds
Cottonseed, soybean, and vegetable oil mills
Animal and marine fats and oils
Edible fats and oils, nee
Wines, brandy, and brandy spirits
Distilled and blended liquors
Malt and flavoring extracts and syrups, nee
Canned and cured fish and seafoods
Fresh or frozen packaged fish
Roasted coffee
Potato chips and similar snacks
Manufactured ice
Macaroni and spaghetti, and food products, nee1
Tobacco products:
Cigars
Other tobacco products
2023
2021,4
2034
2035
2038
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2066,7
2068
2074,5,6
2077
2079
2084
2085
2083,7
2091
2092
2095
2096
2097
2098,9
9.2
9.1
8.8
8.7
8.5
8.2
61.1
62.6
63.1
66.6
72.7
71.2
7,782
7,785
7,816
7,677
7,625
7,590
7,428
7,332
17.6
25.1
16.0
20.9
49.7
19.8
17.7
25.0
16.4
21.3
50.0
19.8
16.6
25.2
15.8
21.4
52.6
19.5
16.4
24.3
15.5
22.4
51.4
19.7
16.2
23.8
16.5
20.8
51.3
18.3
15.1
23.9
14.8
21.0
53.3
17.8
15.3
24.9
15.1
20.3
55.4
18.6
15.8
26.1
13.4
20.1
58.8
18.1
5.0
14.5
9.1
19.7
17.1
14.4
4.9
5.0
5.0
5.0
4.8
5.0
13.9
9.5
18.3
19.0
8.1
13.1
7.7
10.7
16.8
8.3
19.0
8.6
45.0
10.7
35.0
5.7
77.5
13.3
9.8
18.1
18.4
8.4
13.2
7.7
9.7
17.4
13.2
10.1
19.1
17.4
13.4
10.2
20.0
18.1
14.3
5.7
5.9
5.9
6.2
74.6
80.6
13.5
10.1
19.4
17.4
8.0
13.4
8.3
9.8
20.8
7.7
21.7
7.6
45.9
10.4
32.5
5.9
79.2
80.3
80.1
9.4
31.0
6.5
83.4
2.2
9.6
2.2
9.2
2.7
9.9
3.1
9.7
3.4
10.1
3.0
9.5
3.0
9.0
2.4
17
9.9
14.4
4.6
10.1
213,4
9.9
13.0
9.7
See footnotes at end of table.
8.9
57.7
4.9
5.8
8.3
7.5
14.7
9.7
14.5
8.0
71.8
18.0
19.3
9.0
12.9
7.6
11.2
17.0
8.7
17.9
8.1
47.3
10.4
35.2
5.6
74.5
212
31.1
128.7
17.9
8.2
12.9
8.0
9.5
18.8
8.2
7.8
20.2
21.3
7.5
7.2
43.9
45.9
9.7
9.8
35.0
33.2
9.0
19.4
17.4
7.8
8.3
14.2
12.6
8.2
8.5
23.6
8.2
9.1
22.1
7.5
7.4
21.8
21.1
6.9
6.3
43.8
41.2
9.4
9.0
31.1
31.5
8.2
12.5
8.1
7.6
25.1
7.6
22.3
5.7
40.3
Table 5. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1993-2000—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Textile mill products:
Other knitting mills1
Finishing plants, nee
Thread mills
Coated fabrics, not rubberized
Tire cord and fabrics
Cordage and twine
Nonwoven fabrics and other textile goods, nee .
1987
SIC Code
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2254,8,9
2269
2284
2295
2296
2298
2297,9
47.8
14.1
6.7
8.9
6.7
7.0
28.0
46.4
14.6
6.9
9.0
6.5
6.7
29.7
43.8
14.1
7.4
9.0
6.5
7.6
30.1
41.0
14.0
6.6
9.3
6.5
7.0
28.8
38.8
15.0
6.7
9.7
6.3
7.0
30.7
33.0
14.9
7.2
9.6
6.6
7.2
31.3
28.7
14.0
6.6
10.3
6.5
7.6
30.3
27.0
13.8
6.3
10.7
6.2
7.2
29.7
Apparel and other textile products:
Men's and boys' underwear and nightwear
Men's and boys' neckwear
Men's and boys' clothing, nee
Hats, caps, and millinery
Girls'and children's outerwear, nee
Textile bags
Canvas and related products
Pleating and stitching
Other fabricated textile products
2322
2323
2329
235
2369
2393
2394
2395
2397,9
27.0
6.9
52.3
19.9
28.9
10.1
17.6
16.4
32.7
25.2
6.9
50.4
20.6
25.2
10.9
19.4
16.1
34.7
25.5
6.6
50.5
20.3
25.8
11.9
19.9
16.8
35.7
19.1
5.7
44.6
19.2
22.4
11.6
19.0
18.4
34.6
15.9
5.4
43.2
17.6
18.0
11.6
19.1
17.9
34.0
13.5
4.6
40.7
16.7
16.1
10.2
19.0
18.0
34.5
10.4
4.2
35.7
14.9
10.8
9.3
19.5
16.8
34.0
8.5
4.9
30.6
15.0
8.8
9.0
20.8
15.5
32.5
Paper and allied products:
Pulp mills
Setup paperboard boxes
Fiber cans, drums, and similar products
Paper, coated and laminated, packaging
Bags: uncoated paper and multiwall
Die-cut paper and board
Sanitary paper products
Stationery and converted paper products, nee ..
261
2652
2655
2671
2674
2675
2676
2678,9
13.5
7.2
15.1
21.4
18.9
18.8
33.0
41.8
12.6
7.4
15.4
21.3
18.8
19.4
32.9
41.4
12.5
7.5
15.0
22.7
18.5
20.1
30.0
42.1
12.6
7.4
14.8
21.6
18.1
19.8
29.6
41.3
12.4
7.0
14.8
22.0
18.2
20.0
30.6
40.9
12.1
6.6
14.7
22.8
17.2
20.5
31.0
40.1
12.1
6.4
14.5
24.3
16.5
20.7
32.9
36.4
13.0
6.9
14.5
24.7
16.2
20.5
32.9
36.1
Printing and publishing:
Commercial printing, gravure
Greeting cards
Blankbooks and looseleaf binders
Bookbinding and related work
Typesetting
Platemaking services
2754
277
2782
2789
2791
2796
19.5
26.0
41.3
27.2
23.7
33.2
20.7
27.2
40.3
28.3
23.3
33.1
20.4
26.4
39.3
29.9
21.2
34.0
20.3
26.4
38.1
28.2
19.8
32.5
20.0
27.3
37.8
27.9
18.4
31.9
20.4
28.1
36.3
27.5
18.0
32.3
19.8
26.3
34.4
29.1
18.3
31.2
20.3
24.9
30.8
28.8
18.1
29.8
Chemicals and allied products:
Alkalies and chlorine
Industrial gases
Inorganic pigments
Synthetic rubber and cellulosic synthetic fibers1
Medicinals and botanicals
Diagnostic and other biological products
Nitrogenous fertilizers
Phosphatic fertilizers
Fertilizers, mixing only
Agricultural chemicals, nee
Adhesives and sealants
Explosives
Printing ink
Other chemical preparations
2812
2813
2816
2822,3
2833
2835,6
2873
2874
2875
2879
2891
2892
2893
2895,9
12.8
24.2
10.9
28.2
19.7
28.4
9.2
10.4
9.8
27.4
23.5
10.1
16.3
42.5
12.6
23.4
11.2
33.7
19.8
29.5
8.9
9.4
9.9
26.8
22.8
9.0
16.3
44.8
10.0
23.0
11.8
33.9
20.6
28.8
8.7
9.9
10.1
25.6
24.5
8.2
15.9
43.5
10.5
23.5
11.7
34.0
21.5
30.4
8.7
10.0
10.0
24.2
24.7
7.8
16.3
44.3
10.5
23.9
11.6
34.0
23.3
32.1
8.9
10.0
10.0
24.1
25.6
7.6
16.4
43.7
10.2
24.2
11.5
33.9
24.6
34.7
9.4
9.7
9.3
24.1
26.1
7.9
16.4
43.8
9.5
23.4
11.7
34.9
27.1
36.5
9.9
9.4
9.4
27.5
26.2
7.9
16.7
41.2
9.6
23.5
11.2
32.5
28.1
38.8
10.3
8.9
9.9
23.6
27.3
7.4
17.0
41.1
Petroleum and coal products:
Asphalt paving mixtures and blocks
Asphalt felts and coatings
Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products
2951
2952
299
10.9
13.0
12.5
11.3
13.1
12.6
11.7
12.9
14.0
11.6
13.0
14.3
12.2
13.8
14.1
13.1
13.5
14.4
13.9
13.4
14.4
13.4
14.0
14.9
See footnotes at end of table.
18
Table 5. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1993-2000—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products:
Gaskets, packing and sealing devices
Mechanical rubber goods
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Unsupported plastics film and sheet
Unsupported plastics profile shapes
Laminated plastics plate and sheet
Plastics pipe
Plastics bottles
Plastics foam products
Custom compound purchased resins
Plastics plumbing fixtures and plastic products, nee
Leather and leather products:
Footwear cut stock, and other footwear, except rubber1
Leather gloves and mittens, and leather goods, nee1
1987
SIC Code
3053
3061
3069
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088,9
313,3142,9
315,9
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation:
Other railroads and switching and terminal services
Bus charter service, and bus terminal and service facilities
Local trucking, without storage
Trucking, except local
Local trucking, with storage
Courier services, except by air
General warehousing and storage
Warehousing and storage, nee
Trucking terminal facilities
Deep sea and Great Lakes freight transportation
Water transportation of passengers
Marine cargo handling
Marinas
Towing, tugboat, and water transportation services, nee
Air courier services
Air transportation, nonscheduled
Tour operators
Passenger transport arrangement, nee
Rental of railroad cars
Miscellaneous transportation services
Communications and public utilities:
Radiotelephone communications
Telegraph and other communications
Communications services, nee
Water supply
Steam and air-conditioning supply, and irrigation systems
Wholesale trade
Tires and tubes
Motor vehicle parts, used
Brick, stone, and related materials
Roofing, siding, and insulation
Photographic equipment and supplies
Commercial equipment, nee
Ophthalmic goods
Professional equipment, nee
Warm air heating and air-conditioning
Refrigeration equipment and supplies
Service establishment equipment
Transportation equipment and supplies
Sporting and recreational goods
4013
414,7
4212
4213
4214
4215
4225
4221,2,6
423
441,2,3
448
4491
4493
4492,9
4513
452
4725
4729
474
478
4812
482
489
494
496,7
5014
5015
5032
5033
5043
5046
5048
5049
5075
5078
5087
5088
5091
See footnotes at end of table.
19
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
36.0
45.9
57.0
56.3
23.9
21.6
14.3
31.1
50.7
23.4
422.9
37.6
47.9
58.7
57.5
25.4
21.9
15.4
31.6
53.4
24.6
445.6
40.5
50.5
61.2
61.6
23.6
22.6
16.7
33.1
55.1
26.1
475.0
39.8
50.4
62.2
62.3
23.8
23.4
16.3
32.2
55.6
26.2
468.1
40.4
51.3
60.8
62.8
24.2
24.1
18.3
32.4
58.4
25.6
480.9
42.3
53.1
60.2
62.6
25.6
25.0
18.5
34.0
57.9
25.8
491.2
44.1
56.7
50.4
62.5
25.6
26.7
20.1
36.5
62.9
27.5
474.9
44.4
58.2
51.0
64.2
26.0
28.7
21.7
38.2
64.5
28.4
478.1
14.5
12.5
13.7
13.3
13.0
14.8
10.2
15.2
10.0
15.1
8.8
14.7
8.7
14.3
7.8
13.7
86,181
88,960
92,065
94,068
96,544
5,720
5,890
6,066
6,159
6,331
6,497
6,720
6,929
31.9
28.6
407.7
731.3
64.3
64.4
72.3
50.9
4.1
30.3
15.0
53.3
17.1
33.0
341.7
30.2
24.9
12.0
4.4
27.8
26.9
29.3
432.8
764.8
67.4
83.7
79.5
53.2
4.2
29.3
16.5
55.2
17.8
35.2
361.4
34.0
27.4
11.5
4.7
32.1
26.2
30.1
442.4
804.7
70.1
96.3
84.0
55.5
4.1
28.2
16.3
59.3
18.2
35.5
411.0
40.1
29.5
11.7
4.9
35.9
25.6
31.9
450.1
819.4
71.4
102.5
88.7
57.4
4.8
26.3
16.7
55.0
19.2
35.5
446.8
42.1
31.5
11.7
4.9
38.2
24.3
33.0
460.4
829.4
72.3
107.0
93.2
59.3
5.2
25.6
17.7
57.8
20.2
38.2
460.5
43.1
33.4
12.3
4.9
40.9
25.3
35.3
470.8
862.9
73.4
112.3
100.3
63.2
5.6
23.2
18.8
54.2
20.5
40.3
464.5
45.9
33.5
12.3
5.0
46.5
26.3
36.4
484.9
884.1
79.4
119.8
111.6
68.0
8.4
24.0
19.7
57.1
21.8
38.9
475.6
46.0
35.5
11.8
5.3
48.6
41.3
39.5
487.2
911.9
81.4
123.0
128.0
73.7
9.8
26.0
21.8
60.9
23.3
37.3
488.7
46.6
37.3
10.5
5.1
51.8
59.6
7.0
17.7
26.3
3.6
74.3
7.2
17.2
26.6
3.7
95.6
8.5
17.8
27.6
3.7
117.3
8.2
19.8
28.3
3.8
144.1
9.0
21.4
28.2
3.7
161.8
9.2
23.7
29.0
3.8
176.8
10.6
22.2
31.4
4.5
201.3
13.8
19.5
33.2
4.9
5,903
28.6
40.0
37.6
27.0
27.5
50.4
19.9
35.0
52.0
12.7
76.4
35.3
40.7
6,047
29.0
42.0
39.7
28.2
27.6
51.1
20.3
34.8
54.5
13.5
78.5
34.6
43.6
6,316
29.7
43.6
44.8
31.1
26.7
54.1
21.2
35.8
57.2
13.3
81.9
36.1
46.4
6,396
30.0
44.5
46.5
32.2
24.7
54.4
21.7
35.3
59.0
13.8
83.8
37.4
46.7
6,567
30.5
46.5
49.6
34.4
22.7
55.5
21.8
35.8
60.7
13.9
84.7
38.5
47.8
6,742
30.4
46.9
51.9
35.5
21.9
57.1
22.3
36.4
61.2
13.4
86.4
41.9
48.4
6,846
30.6
44.9
56.7
37.5
22.6
59.6
23.0
36.6
63.8
13.9
85.2
43.2
49.5
6,960
31.6
44.2
60.7
40.0
22.7
62.6
24.3
36.5
64.7
14.6
85.3
45.4
52.8
99,179 102,135 105,201
Table 5. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1993-2000—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC Code
Wholesale trade—Continued
Toys and hobby goods and supplies
Jewelry and precious stones
Wholesale trade durable goods, nee
Printing and writing paper
Industry and personal service paper
Piece goods and notions
Men's and boys' clothing
Women's and children's clothing
Footwear
Packaged frozen foods
Dairy products, except dried or canned
Poultry and poultry products
Confectionery
Fish and seafoods
Groceries and related products, nee
Grain and field beans
Livestock
Farm-product raw materials, nee
Plastics materials and basic shapes
Chemicals and allied products, nee
Books, periodicals, and newspapers
Flowers and florists' supplies
Tobacco and tobacco products
Paints, varnishes, and supplies
Wholesale trade nondurable goods, nee
5092
5094
5099
5111
5113
5131
5136
5137
5139
5142
5143
5144
5145
5146
5149
5153
5154
5159
5162
5169
5192
5193
5194
5198
5199
Retail trade
Mobile home dealers
Fruit and vegetable markets
Candy, nut, and confectionery stores
Miscellaneous food stores
Used car dealers
Boat dealers
Recreational vehicle dealers
Motorcycle dealers
Women's accessory and specialty stores
Children's and infants' wear stores
Miscellaneous apparel and accessory stores
Floor covering stores
Drapery, upholstery, and miscellaneous home furnishings
Computer and software stores
Musical instrument stores
Hobby, toy, and game shops
Camera, luggage, and leather goods stores
Direct selling establishments
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Central reserve depositories
Foreign banks and branches and agencies
Functions closely related to banking
Federal and federally sponsored credit agencies
Short-term business credit
Miscellaneous business credit institutions
Investment advice
Security and commodity services, nee
Bank holding companies
Holding companies, nee
Trusts
Investment offices and miscellaneous investing
Accident and health insurance
Pension, health, and welfare funds
Surety insurance and insurance carriers, nee
Title abstract offices
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
25.0
48.5
64.2
23.1
86.0
52.6
47.1
81.8
22.7
35.2
45.0
17.5
50.6
27.3
231.8
59.9
34.7
15.6
26.5
114.9
73.8
49.7
48.6
28.2
125.3
26.2
49.1
69.1
22.4
86.7
51.8
48.2
84.2
23.8
35.5
45.5
17.1
52.1
27.9
242.6
59.8
34.8
15.6
27.2
113.9
77.8
51.6
45.9
28.5
134.6
27.8
48.0
76.7
23.2
85.5
53.9
51.2
90.1
25.9
36.4
44.9
17.4
54.4
29.0
258.4
60.0
33.6
15.5
29.2
117.6
84.0
56.1
45.2
30.0
147.9
27.5
47.9
77.3
23.5
87.7
51.8
50.2
86.8
25.0
37.8
43.6
16.4
55.2
29.2
263.4
58.8
31.4
14.2
30.0
117.7
85.5
56.3
43.6
30.4
146.8
28.2
48.3
82.5
23.6
87.8
51.5
50.6
89.7
26.6
37.5
42.8
16.1
57.0
28.6
272.2
58.1
30.9
14.8
31.3
119.7
84.0
59.0
41.9
29.9
159.5
28.0
49.8
81.1
23.4
88.9
51.5
51.7
90.0
27.5
38.7
42.9
16.0
54.9
28.4
283.9
57.8
31.0
15.1
32.4
121.4
87.4
57.0
41.5
29.4
165.1
28.2
51.6
77.2
22.6
87.2
50.9
52.3
88.3
26.8
41.4
42.2
15.9
55.9
28.9
291.7
57.4
29.2
13.9
32.2
123.9
85.9
59.0
40.9
30.5
164.2
28.4
54.3
82.6
22.5
88.5
50.6
52.7
86.1
26.1
39.1
43.4
16.0
56.4
28.8
290.5
56.3
28.6
13.4
33.4
128.1
81.7
63.0
41.6
31.4
162.8
527
543
544
549
552
555
556
557
563
564
569
5713
5714,9
5734
5736
5945
5946,8
5963
19,133
25.1
22.3
29.2
49.1
63.1
28.1
20.5
23.4
51.5
33.0
78.6
76.3
96.7
80.3
26.8
90.3
36.7
51.7
19,857
28.6
24.0
29.0
56.2
70.4
29.8
22.7
25.9
53.6
34.6
82.6
78.8
101.3
86.8
27.9
96.7
36.1
51.7
20,627
33.4
25.3
28.5
64.8
77.1
32.6
24.4
28.7
53.6
38.2
85.6
83.1
110.7
97.1
29.4
102.6
36.7
54.2
21,023
36.7
25.2
29.8
72.7
83.0
33.9
25.6
30.3
50.7
39.3
86.7
82.1
114.8
104.6
30.2
107.1
37.3
53.3
21,467
41.3
25.8
30.8
82.8
89.8
35.4
26.3
31.9
50.5
39.5
89.6
84.5
124.0
118.1
31.3
107.9
37.9
53.8
21,724
43.1
25.9
29.2
79.4
95.0
35.7
27.4
33.1
52.6
40.9
91.6
82.8
129.9
130.1
32.8
115.3
38.3
54.2
22,262
47.6
25.7
29.6
83.6
102.0
38.3
29.9
36.4
53.1
48.6
73.5
85.9
138.8
141.9
34.6
122.1
39.7
55.2
22,829
45.9
27.0
28.0
87.6
105.8
41.4
33.1
42.1
58.6
53.6
64.0
89.8
149.6
150.4
36.8
130.0
40.5
57.9
601
608
609
611
6153
6159
6282
6289
6712
6719
673
672,9
6321
637
635,9
654
6,633
26.0
34.4
62.5
17.8
49.6
31.5
62.7
24.0
27.8
75.8
68.2
48.1
61.0
39.4
18.8
32.1
6,883
26.3
32.9
66.6
19.9
53.4
33.6
72.5
24.6
27.7
76.1
71.0
54.6
61.7
41.8
19.9
37.5
6,770
25.8
32.8
68.4
21.5
56.5
34.0
74.9
24.3
28.8
73.4
65.9
56.2
61.1
42.4
20.5
29.7
6,815
25.6
32.3
71.6
20.8
63.0
38.5
81.0
25.3
29.1
75.0
43.0
60.9
61.2
43.4
21.3
31.5
6,988
25.2
30.5
77.4
21.3
68.9
42.7
94.7
27.1
27.1
78.0
45.4
66.0
62.4
44.8
22.5
32.1
7,269
23.8
29.4
82.2
22.0
73.8
45.5
103.6
28.7
27.0
78.2
63.2
72.2
65.8
47.8
26.2
36.1
7,486
25.0
27.7
91.6
21.7
83.7
47.4
118.6
31.4
20.5
81.5
50.7
78.6
71.2
60.4
28.8
44.1
7,528
25.5
26.0
100.9
21.0
90.1
52.1
136.2
31.5
17.1
88.2
60.3
82.7
76.5
65.9
29.7
43.2
See footnotes at end of table.
1993
20
Table 5. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1993-2000—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Services
Agricultural services:
Animal services, except veterinary
Hotels and other lodging places:
Camps and recreational vehicle parks
Rooming and boarding houses, and membership-basis
organization hotels
1987
SIC Code
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
29,647
30,872
32,612
33,881
35,328
36,862
38,323
39,895
075
42.8
45.2
45.4
47.2
49.4
51.3
53.8
56.7
703
23.4
23.7
25.3
26.4
25.8
26.6
29.3
31.3
702,4
17.3
16.9
17.2
17.7
16.8
16.7
17.2
19.3
Personal services:
7211,2
Power laundries and garment pressing and cleaners agents
Linen supply
7213
Drycleaning plants and carpet and upholstery cleaning,
7216,7
except rugs
7218
Industrial launderers
Coin-operated laundries and laundry and garment services, nee 7215,9
724
Barbershops
725
Shoe repair shops and shoeshine parlors
7291
Tax return preparation services
7299
Miscellaneous personal services, nee
58.4
63.5
52.9
63.2
53.2
64.5
51.1
66.3
49.0
68.2
48.9
69.3
49.6
71.9
49.8
73.6
191.5
43.8
58.6
13.8
6.4
118.1
100.4
197.4
48.4
54.1
12.3
5.7
122.9
96.4
203.3
52.4
53.4
12.1
5.5
127.8
100.0
204.2
53.2
53.7
11.7
5.1
124.5
105.0
207.8
54.6
54.0
11.3
4.9
116.7
110.0
205.6
56.2
53.9
10.6
4.4
123.3
112.9
206.0
59.3
54.0
10.7
4.2
130.2
119.2
204.2
59.4
53.5
10.3
4.1
141.4
124.2
Business services:
Outdoor, radio, television, and other advertising, nee
Adjustment and collection services
Credit reporting services
Direct mail advertising services
Commercial photography
Commercial art and graphic design
Secretarial and court reporting
Computer facilities management
Computer rental and leasing
Computer related services, nee
News syndicates
Business services, nee
7312,3,9
7322
7323
7331
7335
7336
7338
7376
7377
7379
7383
7389
72.1
77.6
37.7
88.3
16.1
47.3
33.0
25.8
9.8
116.1
9.9
702.3
70.6
78.5
38.0
90.7
15.2
48.2
33.9
23.9
9.3
130.8
10.0
713.2
74.7
83.2
34.0
96.4
15.7
54.8
36.7
25.0
8.7
159.9
11.0
816.6
80.4
89.3
36.5
103.2
15.3
58.7
40.6
27.6
9.1
201.7
12.3
902.0
84.9
93.9
37.0
107.9
15.3
61.1
42.5
27.7
8.5
262.7
11.8
980.7
89.4
104.3
37.9
108.3
15.2
64.5
44.6
28.5
9.7
332.0
11.9
1,046.9
96.3
114.4
38.0
103.3
15.0
69.1
46.3
35.2
10.5
393.2
13.2
1,049.4
104.4
122.2
34.5
105.9
13.9
75.8
47.3
35.8
10.2
421.8
14.0
1,043.9
Auto repair, services, and parking:
Passenger car leasing
Truck and utility trailer rental
Auto exhaust system repair shops
Automotive glass replacement shops
Automotive transmission repair shops
Automotive repair shops, nee
Automotive services, nee
Reupholstery and furniture repair
Watch and miscellaneous repair shops
7515
7513,9
7533
7536
7537
7539
7549
764
763,9
9.3
53.5
23.9
20.6
23.9
50.2
71.0
20.9
224.7
8.7
53.4
25.0
22.3
25.2
50.2
79.7
20.5
204.0
8.7
57.5
26.2
25.7
26.2
52.1
88.7
21.6
225.0
9.2
58.1
26.7
26.9
27.8
53.9
97.6
21.5
235.7
8.8
57.8
26.9
29.7
28.8
54.1
105.6
21.6
234.7
9.4
56.8
25.5
31.6
29.3
53.7
108.7
21.8
240.5
10.9
59.8
25.3
32.7
30.1
54.0
114.1
22.5
240.3
10.8
66.4
24.7
33.4
30.8
54.0
116.0
23.2
237.2
Motion pictures:
Motion picture distribution and services
782
15.0
18.8
20.8
24.3
20.5
18.6
17.6
16.8
Amusement and recreational services:
Dance studios, schools, and halls
Producers, orchestras, and entertainers
Commercial sports
Public golf courses
Coin-operated amusement devices
Amusement parks
Amusement and recreation, nee
791
792
794
7992
7993
7996
7999
24.9
138.5
91.7
39.4
35.8
91.2
255.4
25.4
138.6
94.7
46.4
41.1
93.4
306.3
26.4
144.3
96.2
54.4
70.3
94.9
320.5
27.2
149.5
105.8
56.4
69.9
98.7
326.2
29.0
161.9
109.9
65.8
80.6
104.0
338.0
29.7
160.3
109.6
72.0
80.8
102.6
353.1
30.7
163.0
117.5
77.9
79.9
105.1
362.7
31.0
166.3
129.2
92.0
75.3
111.1
356.9
Health services:
Offices and clinics of osteopathic physicians
Offices and clinics of podiatrists
Offices and clinics of health practitioners, nee
Health and allied services, nee
Specialty outpatient clinics, nee
Kidney dialysis centers and health and allied services, nee
803
8043
8049
809
8093
8092,9
45.4
25.8
167.4
270.1
179.5
90.6
50.1
26.7
189.7
280.7
184.3
96.4
49.9
27.7
211.1
298.0
194.4
103.6
49.0
27.9
223.0
309.1
198.3
110.8
48.8
28.2
239.1
323.4
202.5
120.9
50.1
28.1
254.4
335.2
204.9
130.3
48.7
28.9
242.5
345.4
214.0
131.4
48.0
29.3
226.4
353.1
218.7
134.4
See footnotes at end of table.
21
Table 5. Employment benchmarks for industries not published monthly, March 1993-2000—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Services—Continued
Educational services:
Libraries
Schools and educational services, nee
1987
SIC Code
823
829
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
14.3
113.8
16.2
120.1
21.9
130.1
21.9
139.1
22.3
150.9
22.9
166.4
24.1
177.9
25.8
193.4
Membership organizations:
Religious organizations
Political and membership organizations, nee
866
865,9
1,195.3
96.8
1,238.7
105.5
1,296.5
101.8
1,321.6
114.7
1,380.2
114.7
1,468.2
121.0
1,565.6
84.6
1,596.6
93.1
Engineering and management services:
Testing laboratories
Facilities support services
Business consulting, nee
8734
8744
8748
80.5
66.3
101.2
82.8
71.7
116.7
88.7
73.1
134.6
88.9
77.3
150.9
91.2
82.4
164.4
97.3
86.4
180.3
97.6
93.3
187.2
103.0
95.0
199.5
19,145
19,411
19,674
19,794
19,863
20,085
20,498
21,060
Federal:
Small arms ammunition and ordnance
Other manufacturing
Trade
Finance
Other services
All other Federal Government, except Postal Service
16.9
22.3
70.1
32.8
152.8
1,471.4
14.1
21.1
66.1
33.6
149.1
1,485.4
12.9
20.3
58.7
27.9
144.1
1,437.2
11.9
20.0
53.3
19.7
136.1
1,391.4
14.9
15.2
64.4
16.4
135.1
1,342.6
14.0
13.9
60.7
15.3
126.8
1,319.3
13.6
13.0
65.3
15.4
132.9
1,325.6
11.9
12.7
65.9
15.1
134.6
1,451.2
State:
Construction
Transportation and public utilities
Services
Social services
Services, except hospitals, education, and social services
84.7
48.7
2,717.6
212.0
138.7
88.8
49.3
2,764.9
217.2
139.3
90.4
49.4
2,830.1
218.5
141.5
88.4
49.5
2,799.0
213.0
141.8
86.6
52.9
2,741.8
208.7
140.8
86.4
52.1
2,749.6
205.6
155.9
92.3
51.8
2,805.2
205.9
150.8
92.8
53.2
2,890.3
219.6
153.3
Local:
Services
Social services
Services, except hospitals, education, and social services
7,718.1
123.2
244.5
7,864.5
131.3
261.8
8,032.2
138.0
278.7
8,169.0
141.3
306.2
8,339.1
138.0
330.0
8,560.6
138.3
384.1
8,767.5
144.3
394.5
9,022.3
148.1
438.4
133.9
130.6
147.1
167.6
143.6
237.5
192.0
321.6
Government
Nondassifiable establishments
1
This series has changed in composition with the March 2000 benchmark
and exhibits new history.
NOTE: N.e.c. is an abbreviation for "not elsewhere classified" and
designates broad categories of industries which cannot be more specifically
identified. This table includes data for totals and some industry divisions
which are published regularly.
22
Table 6. Seasonal adjustment factors for employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry
2001
Industry
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Mining1
Metal mining
Coal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
0.9850
1.0058
.9868
.9546
0.9890
1.0026
.9840
.9904
0.9988
1.0012
.9913
1.0198
1.0134
.9951
1.0091
1.0318
1.0158
.9938
1.0112
1.0372
Construction1
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors
.9564
.8927
.9472
.9765
.9832
.9792
.9960
1.0351
1.0068
1.0294
1.0677
1.0334
.9804
.9981
.9817
.9994
(2)
.9966
1.0011
.9940
.9964
.9971
1.0010
.9978
.9999
.9975
.9955
.9861
1.0016
.9948
.9964
(2)
.9961
.9993
.9901
.9967
.9975
1.0017
1.0007
.9990
.9977
.9978
.9955
.9964
1.0060
.9972
(2)
.9989
1.0004
.9940
.9966
.9969
1.0035
1.0049
.9988
.9989
.9993
.9802
.9791
.9933
.9988
.9954
.9967
.9989
.9799
.9975
.9968
.9793
.9740
.9970
1.0013
.9942
.9969
.9987
.9949
.9989
.9998
.9920
1.0286
.9812
.9594
.9887
.9934
.9925
Sept.
Oct.
1.0164
.9916
1.0130
1.0447
1.0080
.9948
1.0057
1.0400
1.0016
.9992
1.0125
1.0326
1.0430
1.0767
1.0473
1.0426
1.0817
1.0446
1.0217
1.0771
1.0313
1.0178
1.0753
1.0283
1.0125
1.0023
1.0161
1.0018
(2)
1.0056
1.0045
1.0048
1.0027
1.0045
1.0091
1.0125
1.0019
1.0027
1.0021
1.0144
.9866
1.0190
.9959
(2)
.9917
.9986
1.0062
.9996
1.0040
.9899
.9795
.9990
1.0020
.9894
1.0208
1.0025
1.0176
1.0016
(2)
1.0030
.9991
1.0062
1.0014
1.0029
.9984
.9994
.9989
1.0034
1.0094
1.0144
1.0032
1.0142
1.0000
(2)
1.0028
.9976
1.0021
1.0000
.9990
.9969
.9983
.9989
1.0004
1.0083
1.0098
1.0037
1.0098
1.0002
(2)
1.0027
.9962
.9998
1.0007
.9999
.9967
.9980
1.0000
.9992
1.0114
.9858
.9433
1.0010
1.0043
.9965
.9976
1.0014
1.0038
1.0002
1.0093
.9988
.9518
1.0072
1.0145
1.0065
1.0019
1.0061
1.0200
1.0074
1.0237
1.0143
.9387
.9967
.9854
1.0041
1.0010
1.0016
1.0210
.9923
.9678
1.0340
.9655
1.0073
1.0029
1.0058
1.0001
1.0027
1.0238
1.0033
1.0115
1.0296
1.0210
1.0065
1.0069
1.0040
.9985
.9974
1.0159
1.0014
1.0051
1.0145
1.0256
1.0036
1.0067
.9999
1.0013
.9992
1.0116
1.0006
1.0059
.9996
1.0310
.9878
.9870
.9898
.9922
.9972
1.0028
1.0386
.9953
1.0098
.9927
.9917
1.0007
1.0079
1.0084
1.0357
.9981
1.0103
1.0028
1.0056
.8707
1.0124
1.0567
1.0001
1.0122
1.0068
1.0064
.8711
1.0174
1.0554
1.0003
1.0053
1.0085
1.0037
1.0271
1.0162
1.0278
.9986
.9948
1.0040
1.0055
1.0345
1.0148
1.0125
.9981
.9919
1.0016
.9973
.9954
.9982
.9947
.9996
.9977
1.0039
1.0074
1.0012
1.0084
1.0025
1.0058
1.0006
1.0004
1.0005
.9977
.9964
.9928
.9977
.9970
.9996
1.0013
1.0046
1.0097
1.0047
1.0053
1.0049
1.0011
.9994
1.0024
1.0002
1.0061
.9713
.9655
.9663
.9867
.9928
.9973
.9672
.9907
.9846
.9780
1.0191
.9659
.9656
.9894
.9986
.9994
.9743
.9902
.9985
.9780
1.0455
.9696
.9693
.9954
1.0028
.9997
.9769
.9897
1.0180
.9885
1.0496
.9774
.9764
1.0039
1.0094
1.0042
.9902
.9909
1.0307
.9863
1.0341
.9751
.9753
1.0071
1.0102
1.0046
.9959
.9913
1.0192
.9836
1.0173
.9813
.9831
1.0058
1.0086
1.0049
1.0037
.9926
1.0227
.9871
.9987
.9835
.9845
.9989
1.0043
1.0034
.9868
.9882
1.0148
.9921
.9947
1.0099
1.0104
1.0009
1.0027
1.0025
.9986
1.0007
.9906
1.0067
Aug.
Total1
Goods-producing1
Manufacturing1
Durable goods1
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Computer and office equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electronic components and accessories
Transportation equipment3
Motor vehicles and equipment3
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods1
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing1
Transportation and public utilities1
Transportation1
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger transit3 .
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities1
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Wholesale trade1
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Retail trade1
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations ...
New and used car dealers
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments
See footnotes at end of table.
23
Table 6. Seasonal adjustment factors for employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry—Continued
2001
Industry
Finance, insurance, and real estate1
Finance1
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Savings institutions
Nondepository institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices ....
Insurance1
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and service .
Real estate
Services1
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors ...
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services
Legal services
Educational services3
Social services
Child day care services
Residential care
Museums and botanical and zoological
gardens
Membership organizations3
Engineering and management services ..
Engineering and architectural services ..
Management and public relations
Services, nee
May
June
July
0.9977
.9974
.9979
.9989
1.0007
.9919
1.0061
0.9977
.9970
.9993
1.0004
1.0052
.9939
1.0012
1.0051
1.0048
1.0068
1.0041
1.0042
1.0044
.9985
1.0069
1.0071
1.0077
1.0038
1.0042
1.0108
1.0032
.9996
.9988
.9794
.9974
.9989
.9920
.9992
.9992
1.0041
1.0041
1.0034
1.0277
.8961
.9565
1.0535
.9826
.9926
.9627
.9605
1.0019
.9990
.9936
.9981
.9093
.9989
.9982
.9992
.9994
.9982
.9948
1.0618
1.0059
1.0271
.9981
1.0193
.9751
1.0544
.9872
.9983
.9736
.9720
1.0003
1.0008
.9980
.9946
.9848
.9985
.9985
.9976
.9985
1.0002
.9934
1.0612
1.0069
1.0287
.9975
1.0690
1.0061
.9838
.9956
1.0032
.9906
.9892
.9977
1.0008
1.0022
1.0031
1.0488
.9989
.9991
.9981
.9981
1.0033
.9939
1.0184
1.0098
1.0351
.9988
.9431
.9956
1.0025
.9890
.9958
(2)
.9854
.9955
1.0003
.9925
.9966
(2)
.9962
.9986
Mar.
Apr.
Sept.
Oct.
0.9980
.9980
.9973
1.0019
1.0004
.9934
1.0050
1.0065
1.0071
1.0068
1.0026
1.0027
1.0100
.9971
0.9976
.9982
.9954
.9994
.9970
1.0022
.9943
0.9959
.9955
.9967
.9952
.9954
1.0008
.9990
1.0044
1.0039
1.0363
1.0033
1.0014
1.0320
.9973
.9984
1.0058
.9970
.9995
.9966
1.1022
1.0627
.9743
1.0042
1.0108
1.0060
1.0083
1.0002
1.0085
1.0081
1.0090
1.1526
1.0026
1.0024
1.0026
1.0016
1.0031
1.0165
.9161
.9979
.9761
1.0070
1.1019
1.0870
.9613
1.0039
1.0073
1.0025
1.0044
1.0012
1.0053
1.0096
1.0213
1.1839
1.0025
1.0019
1.0023
1.0034
1.0005
1.0164
.8774
.9907
.9091
1.0079
1.0828
1.0864
.9640
1.0116
1.0068
1.0249
1.0320
1.0012
1.0048
1.0076
1.0306
1.1632
1.0019
1.0026
1.0038
1.0010
.9980
1.0064
.8644
.9854
.9190
1.0076
1.0470
1.0300
.9718
1.0138
1.0039
1.0316
1.0373
.9961
1.0001
1.0029
.9868
1.0476
.9988
.9984
.9999
.9987
1.0000
.9925
.9816
.9949
.9998
.9962
1.0339
.9998
.9742
1.0198
1.0017
1.0483
1.0533
.9955
1.0009
1.0047
.9804
.9700
.9998
.9992
1.0004
.9999
1.0019
.9967
1.0640
1.0022
1.0190
.9979
1.0332
.9987
.9987
.9974
1.0008
(2)
1.0797
1.0158
1.0072
1.0156
1.0088
(2)
1.0895
1.0278
1.0076
1.0177
1.0083
(2)
1.0741
1.0149
1.0054
1.0159
1.0048
(2)
1.0075
.9906
.9959
1.0020
.9977
(2)
1.0068
.9941
.9966
.9999
1.0012
(2)
.9942
1.0004
.9935
1.0046
.9942
1.0141
.9934
1.0132
.9984
1.0064
.9944
.9994
.9970
.9942
1.0746
.9940
1.0718
.9958
1.0290
1.0000
.8988
1.0113
.8549
1.0154
.8610
1.0145
.9787
1.0040
1.0649
.9972
1.0533
.9812
1.0507
.9835
1.0520
.9948
1.0039
1.0334
.8419
1.0542
.8428
1.0391
.9775
.9994
1.0322
.9886
Aug.
Government1
Federal1
Postal Service
Federal, except Postal Service
State1
Education
Other State government
Local1
Education
Other local government
1
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the
component series.
2
Seasonal adjustment factors are not computed because the
seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and
irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
* No adjustment was made to control for the effects of a 4- vs.
5-week interval between surveys.
NOTE: March-April factors replace those published in the
December 2000 issue of this publication.
All factors are
multiplicative. Seasonally adjusted series are computed by dividing
the original value by the corresponding seasonal factor.
24
Table 7. Seasonal adjustment factors for women employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry
2001
Industry
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Sept.
Oct.
0.9864
0.9893
0.9957
1.0200
1.0238
1.0152
1.0010
1.0039
.9765
.9863
.9992
1.0234
1.0263
1.0242
1.0192
1.0150
Durable goods1
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment2
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
.9831
.9965
.9852
.9940
.9930
1.0003
.9962
.9978
(3)
.9930
.9881
1.0002
.9937
.9958
.9949
1.0013
.9961
.9975
(3)
.9937
.9971
1.0008
.9952
.9973
.9975
1.0037
.9992
1.0008
(3)
.9989
1.0113
.9992
1.0021
1.0081
1.0083
1.0052
1.0065
1.0097
(3)
1.0024
1.0059
.9892
.9993
.9978
.9912
1.0002
.9984
.9919
(3)
.9883
1.0128
1.0050
1.0172
1.0065
1.0052
.9983
1.0000
1.0039
(3)
1.0155
1.0112
1.0001
1.0069
1.0040
1.0023
.9926
1.0018
.9987
(3)
1.0105
1.0073
1.0014
1.0085
1.0013
1.0030
.9944
1.0001
1.0010
(3)
1.0175
Nondurable goods1
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
.9670
.9701
.9960
1.0000
.9899
.9937
.9993
.9851
.9946
.9926
.9647
.9384
.9965
1.0002
.9910
.9952
.9993
.9870
.9973
.9784
.9075
1.0026
1.0063
.9977
.9957
1.0005
1.0025
1.0006
1.0076
.9971
.9122
1.0064
1.0143
1.0106
1.0044
1.0056
1.0181
1.0069
1.0220
1.0245
.8977
.9984
.9811
1.0086
1.0030
1.0013
1.0200
.9849
.9640
1.0526
.9519
1.0084
1.0044
1.0098
1.0012
1.0024
1.0192
1.0042
1.0147
1.0516
1.0454
1.0070
1.0078
1.0045
.9994
.9977
1.0103
1.0033
1.0147
1.0238
1.0421
1.0028
1.0080
1.0019
1.0053
1.0008
1.0011
1.0052
1.0126
Transportation and public utilities
.9982
.9981
1.0006
1.0003
.9866
.9866
1.0064
1.0063
Wholesale trade
.9941
.9952
.9997
1.0065
1.0029
1.0002
1.0006
1.0044
Retail trade
.9768
.9836
.9973
1.0065
1.0018
1.0049
1.0019
1.0038
Finance, insurance, and real estate
.9980
.9978
.9986
1.0064
1.0077
1.0063
.9975
.9962
Services
.9979
1.0026
1.0015
1.0049
1.0007
.9995
1.0010
1.0064
.9968
1.0302
1.0334
.9964
1.0310
1.0308
1.0000
1.0127
1.0353
1.0068
.9629
1.0115
1.0063
.9403
.8909
1.0027
.9449
.8865
.9973
.9939
.9841
.9946
1.0260
1.0209
Aug.
Total1
Goods-producing1
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
1
Service-producing1
1
Government
Federal
State
Local
1
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the
component series.
2
No adjustment was made to control for the effects of a 4- vs.
5-week interval between surveys.
3
Seasonal adjustment factors are not computed because the
seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and
irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
NOTE: March-April factors replace those published in the
December 2000 issue of this publication.
All factors are
multiplicative. Seasonally adjusted series are computed by dividing
the original value by the corresponding seasonal factor.
25
Table 8. Seasonal adjustment factors for production or nonsupervisory workers1 on nonfarm payrolls by
industry
2001
Industry
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct
0.9790
0.9875
0.9964
1.0121
1.0168
1.0204
1.0150
1.0190
.9307
.9729
1.0103
1.0447
1.0595
1.0603
1.0445
1.0413
Durable goods2
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment4
Motor vehicles and equipment4
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
.9783
.9978
.9781
.9984
(3)
.9967
1.0025
.9986
1.0027
1.0016
(3)
.9947
.9838
1.0015
.9955
.9995
(3)
.9958
1.0037
.9970
1.0040
1.0049
(3)
.9958
.9945
.9971
1.0076
.9970
(3)
.9976
1.0029
.9969
1.0051
1.0081
(3)
.9954
1.0142
1.0011
1.0197
1.0003
(3)
1.0061
1.0065
.9991
1.0138
1.0189
(3)
.9997
1.0156
.9870
1.0201
.9935
(3)
.9876
.9980
.9954
.9829
.9695
(3)
.9856
1.0239
1.0035
1.0217
1.0002
(3)
1.0019
.9970
1.0009
.9948
.9933
(3)
1.0131
1.0171
1.0018
1.0179
1.0003
(3)
1.0045
.9969
1.0013
.9976
.9963
(3)
1.0125
1.0121
1.0033
1.0124
.9997
(3)
1.0042
.9947
1.0007
.9960
.9974
(3)
1.0173
Nondurable goods2
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
.9769
.9792
.9956
.9986
.9932
.9945
1.0019
.9724
.9974
.9994
.9740
.9639
.9972
1.0010
.9925
.9981
1.0025
.9930
1.0003
.9989
.9812
.9221
1.0014
1.0067
.9968
.9962
1.0024
1.0074
1.0001
1.0111
.9944
.9221
1.0067
1.0173
1.0081
1.0015
1.0047
1.0282
1.0069
1.0295
1.0159
.9062
.9961
.9856
1.0044
1.0005
.9973
1.0319
.9881
.9586
1.0387
.9465
1.0067
1.0065
1.0079
1.0013
1.0002
1.0371
1.0038
1.0139
1.0426
1.0387
1.0072
1.0069
1.0061
.9997
.9974
1.0249
1.0022
1.0100
1.0187
1.0388
1.0031
1.0070
1.0009
1.0011
.9983
1.0169
1.0014
1.0044
Transportation and public utilities
.9918
.9939
.9996
1.0053
.9969
.9987
1.0082
1.0082
Wholesale trade
.9933
.9961
1.0004
1.0075
1.0068
1.0049
1.0006
1.0027
Retail trade
.9795
.9870
1.0008
1.0099
1.0056
1.0074
1.0011
1.0005
Finance, insurance, and real estate
.9933
.9955
.9996
1.0122
1.0159
1.0133
.9984
.9954
Services
.9930
1.0011
1.0041
1.0118
1.0103
1.0078
1.0030
1.0061
Total private2
Goods-producing2
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing2
Service-producing2
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance and real estate; and services.
2
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the
component series.
3
Seasonal adjustment factors are not computed because the
seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and
irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
4
No adjustment was made to control for the effects of a 4- vs.
5-week interval between surveys.
NOTE: March-April factors replace those published in the
December 2000 issue of this publication.
All factors are
multiplicative. Seasonally adjusted series are computed by dividing
the original value by the corresponding seasonal factor.
26
Table 9. Seasonal adjustment factors for average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry
2001
Industry
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
0.9837
0.9889
1.0018
1.0087
1.0087
1.0050
1.0080
1.0166
.9860
.9804
1.0092
1.0142
1.0241
1.0222
1.0191
1.0249
.9933
.9912
.9776
.9960
.9950
.9938
1.0022
.9946
1.0077
.9886
1.0081
.9999
.9961
.9998
1.0017
.9960
1.0060
1.0057
.9978
1.0010
1.0114
1.0061
1.0067
.9991
1.0006
1.0055
1.0016
1.0007
1.0095
1.0146
.9978
1.0012
.9939
.9899
1.0077
.9849
1.0041
.9807
.9882
.9837
.9651
.9534
.9895
.9843
1.0067
1.0087
1.0166
.9980
1.0010
1.0011
.9968
1.0015
.9972
.9941
.9993
1.0036
1.0060
1.0171
1.0205
1.0119
1.0098
1.0094
1.0035
1.0075
1.0140
1.0201
.9971
1.0074
1.0079
1.0088
1.0170
.9993
.9954
1.0090
.9996
1.0085
1.0104
1.0133
.9990
1.0078
Total private2
Goods-producing2
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
2
Durable goods2
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products3
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment.
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
1.0039
1.0029
1.0023
.9944
.9653
.9881
.9755
.9961
.9582
.9660
.9684
.9615
.9570
.9793
.9799
Nondurable goods2
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products4
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products3
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
.9832
.9878
.9990
1.0029
.9926
.9983
.9979
(5)
.9952
.9950
.9670
.9544
.9745
.9663
.9779
.9853
.9962
(5)
.9733
.9715
.9911
1.0066
.9988
1.0017
.9918
.9932
.9969
(5)
1.0008
1.0046
.9986
1.0235
1.0028
1.0079
.9950
.9950
.9990
(5)
1.0042
1.0141
.9998
.9954
.9857
.9871
.9953
.9935
.9910
(5)
.9842
.9866
1.0121
1.0043
1.0081
1.0042
.9999
1.0056
.9969
(5)
.9998
1.0084
1.0268
1.0222
1.0097
1.0005
1.0130
1.0109
1.0057
(5)
1.0077
1.0101
1.0125
1.0115
1.0024
1.0020
1.0081
1.0064
1.0009
(5)
1.0052
1.0066
Transportation and public utilities6
.9913
1.0026
.9945
1.0019
1.0178
1.0083
1.0127
.9993
Wholesale trade6
.9922
1.0039
1.0001
1.0004
1.0075
.9998
1.0062
1.0008
Retail trade3-6
.9854
.9998
.9981
1.0122
1.0328
1.0235
1.0027
.9939
Finance, insurance, and real estate 36
.9931
1.0119
.9920
.9928
1.0132
.9961
1.0125
.9945
.9947
1.0019
.9939
1.0008
1.0131
1.0080
1.0022
.9981
1.0024
Service-producing2
Services
6
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance and real estate; and services.
2
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the
component series.
3
No moving-holiday adjustment was done for April or September
because there was no evidence of significant effects associated with
the relative timing of Easter or Labor Day, respectively, and the
reference period of the payroll survey.
4
No moving-holiday adjustment was done for September
because there was no evidence of significant effects associated with
the relative timing of Labor Day and the reference period of the
payroll survey.
5
Seasonal adjustment factors are not computed because the
seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and
irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
6
An adjustment was made to control for the distortions related to
the varying length of payroll periods across months. No adjustment
was made to control for the effects of a 4- vs. 5-week interval
between surveys.
NOTE: March-April factors replace those published in the
December 2000 issue of this publication.
All factors are
multiplicative. Seasonally adjusted series are computed by dividing
the original value by the corresponding seasonal factor.
27
Table 10. Seasonal adjustment factors for average weekly overtime hours of production workers on
manufacturing payrolls
2001
Industry
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
0.9689
.9470
0.8126
.8612
0.9880
.9577
1.0191
.9896
0.9509
1.0157
1.0367
1.0666
1.0825
1.1152
1.0297
1.0554
Manufacturing1
Durable goods
Nondurable goods .
1
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the
component series.
NOTE: March-April factors replace those published in the
December 2000 issue of this publication.
All factors are
multiplicative. Seasonally adjusted series are computed by dividing
the original value by the corresponding seasonal factor.
Table 11. Seasonal adjustment factors for average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry
2001
Industry
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
1.0012
1.0040
0.9973
0 9921
0 9958
0 9910
1 0032
0 9991
Construction
.9930
.9954
.9970
9960
1 0035
1 0043
1 0086
1 0107
Manufacturing
.9990
1.0012
.9983
9985
9988
9970
1 0032
9992
1 0013
1 0085
9993
9980
9989
9945
9977
9973
Transportation and public utilities
.9985
1.0021
.9962
9950
1 0005
1 0010
1 0032
9990
Wholesale trade3
9935
1.0074
.9978
9942
1 0023
9960
1 0031
9994
Retail trade
1 0022
1 0044
.9994
9942
9926
9917
1 0059
1 0018
Finance, insurance, and real estate3
1 0037
1 0111
1 0015
9928
9962
9907
1 0011
9955
Services3
1.0057
1.0067
.9976
.9894
.9896
.9830
1.0006
.9990
Total private2
Goods-producing2
Mining
Excluding overtime
Service-producing
2
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance and real estate; and services.
2
Seasonally adjusted data are derived by aggregation of the
component series.
3
An adjustment was made to control for the distortions related to
the varying length of payroll periods across months. No adjustment
was made to control for the effects of a 4- vs. 5-week interval
between surveys.
NOTE: March-April factors replace those published in the
December 2000 issue of this publication.
All factors are
multiplicative. Seasonally adjusted series are computed by dividing
the original value by the corresponding seasonal factor.
28
Summary table A. Major labor force status categories, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
2000
2001
Category
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
Labor force status
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Percent of population
Unemployed
Not in labor force
209,371 209,543 209,727 209,935 210,161 210,378 210,577 210,743 210,889 211,026 211,171 211,348 211,525
140,573 140,757 140,546 140,724 140,847 141,000 141,136 141,489 141,955 141,751 141,868 141,757 141,272
67.1
67.2
67.0
67.0
67.0
67.1
67.0
67.0
67.3
67.2
67.2
67.1
66.8
134,843 135,183 134,898 134,939 135,310 135,464 135,478 135,836 135,999 135,815 135,780 135,354 135,103
64.4
64.5
64.3
64.3
64.4
64.4
64.3
64.5
64.5
64.4
64.3
64.0
63.9
5,574
5,730
5,648
5,785
5,537
5,536
5,658
5,653
5,956
5,936
6,088
6,402
6,169
68,798 68,786 69,181 69,211 69,314 69,378 69,441 69,254 68,934 69,275 69,304 69,592 70,254
Unemployment rates
4.1
3.3
3.8
12.8
3.5
7.9
5.8
All workers
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black
Hispanic origin
4.0
3.2
3.7
4.0
3.2
3.7
4.1
3.3
3.7
3.9
3.3
3.5
3.9
3.3
3.4
4.0
3.4
3.4
4.0
3.4
3.4
4.2
3.6
3.6
4.2
3.5
3.7
4.3
3.8
3.6
4.5
4.0
3.8
11.9
13.4
14.2
12.9
12.6
13.0
13.1
13.8
13.6
13.8
14.2
3.4
7.8
5.6
3.5
7.7
5.6
3.6
7.9
5.7
3.5
7.2
5.6
3.4
7.4
5.0
3.5
7.5
6.0
3.5
7.6
5.7
3.6
8.4
6.0
3.7
7.5
6.3
3.7
8.6
6.3
4.0
8.2
6.5
4.4
3.9
3.8
13.6
3.8
8.0
6.2
Summary table B. Employment, hours, and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls,
seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
2000
2001
Industry
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
131,909
110,795
25,683
542
6,648
18,493
106,226
6,997
7,006
23,247
7,550
40,312
21,114
131,969
111,029
25,727
543
6,663
18,521
106,242
7,015
7,019
23,280
7,541
40,447
20,940
131,899
111,180
25,774
542
6,678
18,554
106,125
7,034
7,030
23,311
7,536
40,495
20,719
131,837
111,237
25,727
543
6,699
18,485
106,110
6,963
7,037
23,348
7,549
40,613
20,600
132,046
111,463
25,696
547
6,728
18,421
106,350
7,062
7,042
23,371
7,556
40,736
20,583
132,145
111,564
25,713
551
6,758
18,404
106,432
7,076
7,059
23,380
7,569
40,767
20,581
Total
Total private
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
226
-133
-39
3
-18
-24
265
1
6
-87
-8
-6
359
60
234
44
1
15
28
16
18
13
33
-9
135
-174
-70
151
47
-1
15
33
-117
19
11
31
-5
48
-221
-62
57
-47
1
21
-69
-15
-71
7
37
13
118
-119
209
226
-31
4
29
-64
240
99
99
101
17
4
30
-17
82
14
17
9
13
31
-2
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
MayP
132,428
111,799
25,633
550
6,826
18,257
106,795
7,106
7,067
23,415
7,594
40,984
20,629
132,595
111,915
25,627
555
6,880
18,192
106,968
7,123
7,064
23,472
7,609
41,020
20,680
132,654
111,943
25,602
557
6,929
18,116
107,052
7,127
7,066
23,457
7,618
41,073
20,711
132,472
111,726
25,414
560
6,851
18,003
107,058
7,119
7,054
23,518
7,626
40,995
20,746
132,453
111,694
25,325
564
6,882
17,879
107,128
7,131
7,040
23,513
7,648
41,037
20,759
88
64
-23
0
10
-33
111
15
-2
11
7
56
24
61
46
-55
2
35
-92
116
-2
-1
9
12
83
15
167
116
-6
54
-65
173
17
-3
57
15
36
51
59
28
-25
2
49
-76
84
4
2
-15
9
53
31
-182
-217
-188
3
-78
-113
-8
-12
61
8
-78
35
-19
-32
-89
4
31
-124
70
12
-14
-5
22
42
13
34.2
40.6
4.1
34.4
41.0
4.2
34.3
40.9
3.9
34.3
41.0
4.1
34.2
41.0
3.9
34.3
40.8
3.9
151.7
101.5
152.0
101.2
151.5
100.6
151.5
99.1
Dec.
Employment
132,279
111,689
25,711
548
6,781
18,382
106,568
7,093
7,070
23,395
7,575
40,845
20,590
132,367
111,753
25,688
548
6,791
18,349
106,679
7,108
7,068
23,406
7,582
40,901
20,614
Over-the-month change
5
23
7
123
-17
134
125
-2
-3
23
-22
136
17
11
15
6
78
9
5
6
Hours of work1
Total private
Manufacturing
Overtime
34.4
41.6
4.6
34.5
41.7
4.6
34.4
41.8
4.7
34.3
41.4
4.5
34.4
41.4
4.4
34.4
41.4
4.5
34.3
41.2
4.3
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (1982=100)1
Total private
Manufacturing
151.1
106.4
151.5
106.6
151.6
107.0
151.3
105.5
151.7
104.7
151.8
104.6
151.8
103.9
151.2
102.2
152.2
102.5
Earnings1
Average hourly earnings, total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars2
Average weekly earnings, total private
$13.67
7.89
470.25
$13.72
7.87
473.34
$13.75
7.87
473.00
$13.80
7.90
473.34
$13.84
7.88
476.10
1
$13.97
7.92
479.17
$14.03
7.94
479.83
$14.03
7.90
482.63
$14.11
7.92
483.97
$14.17
7.95
486.03
$14.22
7.94
486.32
$14.26
N.A.
489.12
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks; the introduction of
probability-based sample estimates for mining, construction, and manufacturing; and
recomputed seasonal adjustment factors.
See the article in this issue for additional
information.
Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used
to deflate this series.
N.A. = not available.
p
= preliminary.
2
$13.90
7.90
478.16
29
Chart 1. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted, 1997-2001
Thousands
135,000
Thousands
135,000
132,500
132,500
- 130,000
130,000 -
127,500
127,500
125,000 -
- 125,000
122,500 -
122,500
120,000
120,000
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
NOTE: Data have been revised. See article in this issue for additional information.
Chart 2. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 1997-2001
- 4.0
3.5
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
NOTE: Beginning in 1997, data incorporate revisions in the population controls. Beginning in 1998,
data incorporate new composite estimation procedures and updated population controls. Beginning in
1999 and 2000, data incorporate revisions in the population controls. These changes affect comparability
with data for prior periods.
30
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1968 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Year
and
month
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Unemployed
Employed
Number
Percent
of
population
Number
Percent
of
population
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
Annual averages
1968.
1969.
132,028
134,335
78,737
80,734
59.6
60.1
75,920
77,902
57.5
58.0
3,817
3,606
72,103
74,296
2,817
2,832
3.6
3.5
53,291
53,602
1970.
1971 .
19721
19731
1974.
1975.
1976.
1977.
19781
1979.
137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863
82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962
60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7
78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824
57.4
56.6
57.0
57.8
57.8
56.1
56.8
57.9
59.3
59.9
3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347
75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477
4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137
4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8
54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900
1980.
1981 .
1982.
1983.
1984.
1985.
19861
1987.
1988.
1989.
167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613
186,393
106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869
63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9
66.5
99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342
59.2
59.0
57.8
57.9
59.5
60.1
60.7
61.5
62.3
63.0
3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169
3,199
95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
109,232
111,800
114,142
7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528
7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3
60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
62,888
62,944
62,523
19901
1991 .
1992.
1993.
19941
1995.
1996.
19971
19981
19991
189,164
190,925
192,805
194,838
196,814
198,584
200,591
203,133
205,220
207,753
125,840
126,346
128,105
129,200
131,056
132,304
133,943
136,297
137,673
139,368
66.5
66.2
66.4
66.3
66.6
66.6
66.8
67.1
67.1
67.1
118,793
117,718
118,492
120,259
123,060
124,900
126,708
129,558
131,463
133,488
62.8
61.7
61.5
61.7
62.5
62.9
63.2
63.8
64.1
64.3
3,223
3,269
3,247
3,115
3,409
3,440
3,443
3,399
3,378
3,281
115,570
114,449
115,245
117,144
119,651
121,460
123,264
126,159
128,085
130,207
7,047
8,628
9,613
8,940
7,996
7,404
7,236
6,739
6,210
5,880
5.6
6.8
7.5
6.9
6.1
5.6
5.4
4.9
4.5
4.2
63,324
64,578
64,700
65,638
65,758
66,280
66,647
66,837
67,547
68,385
20001
209,699
140,863
67.2
135,208
64.5
3,305
131,903
5,655
4.0
68,836
106,434
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
2000:
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November,
December
209,371
209,543
209,727
209,935
210,161
210,378
210,577
210,743
140,573
140,757
140,546
140,724
140,847
141,000
141,136
141,489
67.1
67.2
67.0
67.0
67.0
67.0
67.0
67.1
134,843
135,183
134,898
134,939
135,310
135,464
135,478
135,836
64.4
64.5
64.3
64.3
64.4
64.4
64.3
64.5
3,294
3,313
3,295
3,317
3,356
3,241
3,176
3,274
131,549
131,870
131,603
131,622
131,954
132,223
132,302
132,562
5,730
5,574
5,648
5,785
5,537
5,536
5,658
5,653
4.1
4.0
4.0
4.1
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.0
68,798
68,786
69,181
69,211
69,314
69,378
69,441
69,254
210,889
211,026
211,171
211,348
211,525
141,955
141,751
141,868
141,757
141,272
67.3
67.2
67.2
67.1
66.8
135,999
135,815
135,780
135,354
135,103
64.5
64.4
64.3
64.0
63.9
3,179
3,135
3,161
3,192
3,193
132,819
132,680
132,618
132,162
131,910
5,956
5,936
6,088
6,402
6,169
4.2
4.2
4.3
4.5
4.4
68,934
69,275
69,304
69,592
70,254
2001:
January
February ..
March
April
May
1
Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see
"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of the
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
31
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HISTORICAL
A-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1990 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Sex, year,
and month
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Number
Percent
of
population
Number
Percent
of
population
Unemployed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
Annual averages
MEN
1995
1996
19971
19981
19991
90,377
91,278
92,270
93,332
94,355
95,178
96,206
97,715
98,758
99,722
69,011
69,168
69,964
70,404
70,817
71,360
72,087
73,261
73,959
74,512
76.4
75.8
75.8
75.4
75.1
75.0
74.9
75.0
74.9
74.7
65,104
64,223
64,440
65,349
66,450
67,377
68,207
69.685
70,693
71,446
20001
100,731
75,247
74.7
72,293
19901
1991
1992
1993
19941
72.0
70.4
69.8
70.0
70.4
70.8
70.9
71.3
71.6
71.6
2,546
2,589
2,575
2,478
2,554
2,559
2,573
2,552
2,553
2,432
62,559
61,634
61,866
62,871
63,896
64,818
65,634
67,133
68,140
69,014
3,906
4,946
5,523
5,055
4,367
3,983
3,880
3,577
3,266
3,066
5.7
7.2
7.9
7.2
6.2
5.6
5.4
4.9
4.4
4.1
21,367
22,110
22,306
22,927
23,538
23,818
24,119
24,454
24,799
25,210
71.8
2,434
69,859
2,954
3.9
25,484
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2
2000:
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November
December
100,566
100,654
100,745
100,847
100,963
101,075
101,175
101,260
74,977
75,155
75,026
75,388
75,305
75,371
75,386
75,582
74.6
74.7
74.5
74.8
74.6
74.6
74.5
74.6
72,049
72,240
72,141
72,379
72,398
72,427
72.354
72,534
71.6
71.8
71.6
71.8
71.7
71.7
71.5
71.6
2,396
2,428
2,452
2,456
2,541
2,431
2,321
2,407
69,653
69,812
69,689
69,923
69,857
69,996
70,033
70,127
2,928
2,915
2,885
3,009
2,907
2,944
3,032
3,048
3.9
3.9
3.8
4.0
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.0
25,589
25,499
25,719
25,459
25,658
25,704
25,789
25,678
101,357
101,428
101,504
101,593
101,684
75,815
75,547
75,516
75,741
75,344
74.8
74.5
74.4
74.6
74.1
72,589
72,359
72,201
72,245
71,978
71.6
71.3
71.1
71.1
70.8
2,268
2,250
2,296
2,307
2,326
70,321
70,110
69,905
69,938
69,652
3,226
3,187
3,315
3,496
3,366
4.3
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.5
25,542
25,881
25,988
25,852
26,340
5.5
6.4
7.0
6.6
6.0
5.6
5.4
5.0
4.6
4.3
41,957
42,468
42,394
42,711
42,221
42,462
42,528
42,382
42,748
43,175
2001:
January ....
February ..
March
April
May
Annual averages
WOMEN
19981
19991
98,787
99,646
100,535
101,506
102,460
103,406
104,385
105,418
106,462
108,031
56,829
57,178
58,141
58,795
60,239
60,944
61,857
63,036
63,714
64,855
57.5
57.4
57.8
57.9
58.8
58.9
59.3
59.8
59.8
60.0
53,689
53,496
54,052
54,910
56,610
57,523
58,501
59,873
60,771
62,042
54.3
53.7
53.8
54.1
55.3
55.6
56.0
56.8
57.1
57.4
678
680
672
637
855
881
871
847
825
849
53,011
52,815
53,380
54,273
55,755
56,642
57,630
59,026
59,945
61,193
3,140
3,683
4,090
3,885
3,629
3,421
3,356
3,162
2,944
2,814
20001
108,968
65,616
60.2
62,915
57.7
871
62,044
2,701
19901
1991
1992
1993
19941
1995
1996
19971
43,352
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted^
2000:
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November
December
108,805
108,889
108,983
109,088
109,198
109,303
109,402
109,483
65,596
65,602
65,520
65,336
65,542
65,629
65,750
65,907
60.3
60.2
60.1
59.9
60.0
60.0
60.1
60.2
62,794
62,943
62,757
62.560
62,912
63,037
63,124
63,302
57.7
57.8
57.6
57.3
57.6
57.7
57.7
57.8
885
843
861
815
810
855
867
61,896
62,058
61,914
61,699
62,097
62,227
62,269
62,435
2,802
2,659
2,763
2,776
2,630
2,592
2,626
2,605
4.3
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.0
3.9
4.0
4.0
43,209
43,287
43,463
43,752
43,656
43,674
43,652
43,576
2001:
January ....
February ..
March
April
May
109,532
109,598
109,667
109,756
109,842
66,140
66,204
66,352
66,016
65,928
60.4
60.4
60.5
60.1
60.0
63,410
63,456
63,578
63,109
63,125
57.9
57.9
58.0
57.5
57.5
912
885
865
885
867
62,498
62,570
62,713
62,225
62,258
2,730
2,749
2,774
2,907
2,803
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.4
4.3
43,393
43,394
43,315
43,740
43,914
of Error.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
1 Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes and Estimates
32
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
sex, and age
2000
May
June
July
Aug.
2001
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Persons who currently want a job
209,371 209,543 209,727 209,935 210,161 210,378 210,577 210,743 210,889 211,026 211,171 211,348 211,525
140,573 140,757 140,546 140,724 140,847 141,000 141,136 141,489 141,955 141,751 141,868 141,757 141,272
67.1
67.0
67.0
67.0
67.2
66.8
67.2
67.3
67.0
67.0
67.1
67.1
67.2
134,843 135,183 134,898 134,939 135,310 135,464 135,478 135,836 135,999 135,815 135,780 135,354 135,103
64.5
64.4
64.4
64.5
63.9
64.5
64.3
64.3
64.3
64.3
64.0
64.4
64.4
5,653
5,536
5,537
5,574
6,169
5,956
5,785
5,648
6,088
5,658
6,402
5,730
5,936
4.0
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.4
4.2
4.1
4.0
4.3
4.0
4.5
4.1
4.2
68,798 68,786 69,181 69,211 69,314 69,378 69,441 69,254 68,934 69,275 69,304 69,592 70,254
4,532
4,355
4,256
4,535
4,174
4,417
4,351
4,377
4,306
4,368
4,423
4,386
4,455
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
100,566 100,654 100,745 100,847 100,963 101,075 101,175 101,260 101,357 101,428 101,504 101,593 101,684
74,977 75,155 75,026 75,388 75,305 75,371 75,386 75,582 75,815 75,547 75,516 75,741 75,344
74.5
74.1
74.6
74.6
74.6
74.8
74.7
74.6
74.6
74.4
74.5
74.8
74.5
72,049 72,240 72,141 72,379 72,398 72,427 72,354 72,534 72,589 72,359 72,201 72,245 71,978
71.7
71.7
71.6
71.8
71.1
71.1
71.6
71.5
71.8
71.6
70.8
71.3
71.6
2,541
2,452
2,428
2,307
2,407
2,321
2,431
2,456
2,396
2,326
2,296
2,250
2,268
69,653 69,812 69,689 69,923 69,857 69,996 70,033 70,127 70,321 70,110 69,905 69,938 69,652
2,944
2,907
2,885
2,915
3,496
3,048
3,032
3,009
2,928
3,366
3,315
3,187
3,226
3.9
3.9
3.8
3.9
4.6
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.9
4.5
4.4
4.2
4.3
25,589 25,499 25,719 25,459 25,658 25,704 25,789 25,678 25,542 25,881 25,988 25,852 26,340
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
92,408
70,662
76.5
68,315
73.9
2,228
66,087
2,347
3.3
21,746
92,546
70,785
76.5
68,489
74.0
2,262
66,227
2,296
3.2
21,761
92,642
70,782
76.4
68,495
73.9
2,280
66,215
2,287
3.2
21,860
92,754
71,029
76.6
68,710
74.1
2,276
66,434
2,319
3.3
21,725
92,863
71,053
76.5
68,728
74.0
2,350
66,378
2,325
3.3
21,810
92,969
71,155
76.5
68,774
74.0
2,219
66,555
2,381
3.3
21,814
93,061
71,135
76.4
68,683
73.8
2,122
66,561
2,452
3.4
21,926
93,117
71,289
76.6
68,848
73.9
2,232
66,616
2,441
3.4
21,828
93,184
71,492
76.7
68,916
74.0
2,122
66,795
2,576
3.6
21,692
93,227
71,288
76.5
68,761
73.8
2,154
66,607
2,527
3.5
21,939
93,285
71,261
76.4
68,534
73.5
2,150
66,383
2,728
3.8
22,023
93,410
71,575
76.6
68,706
73.6
2,117
66,589
2,869
4.0
21,836
93,541
71,351
76.3
68,595
73.3
2,169
66,426
2,756
3.9
22,190
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
108,805 108,889 108,983 109,088 109,198 109,303 109,402 109,483 109,532 109,598 109,667 109,756 109,842
65,596 65,602 65,520 65,336 65,542 65,629 65,750 65,907 66,140 66,204 66,352 66,016 65,928
60.2
60.2
60.1
60.0
60.0
59.9
60.1
60.3
60.1
60.4
60.0
60.5
60.4
62,794 62,943 62,757 62,560 62,912 63,037 63,124 63,302 63,410 63,456 63,578 63,109 63,125
57.7
57.6
57.7
57.7
57.6
57.3
57.8
57.8
57.5
57.5
58.0
57.9
57.9
815
861
843
885
898
867
855
810
867
885
885
865
912
61,896 62,058 61,914 61,699 62,097 62,227 62,269 62,435 62,498 62,570 62,713 62,225 62,258
2,763
2,802
2,592
2,659
2,774
2,605
2,626
2,630
2,776
2,907
2,749
2,803
2,730
4.2
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.2
4.0
4.0
3.9
4.0
4.4
4.2
4.3
4.1
43,209 43,287 43,463 43,752 43,656 43,674 43,652 43,576 43,393 43,394 43,315 43,740 43,914
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
100,929 101,007 101,111 101,209 101,321 101,448 101,533 101,612 101,643 101,686 101,779 101,870 101,938
61,582 61,561 61,535 61,265 61,486 61,528 61,625 61,819 62,126 62,220 62,412 62,132 62,119
60.9
60.9
61.0
60.6
60.7
60.5
61.0
61.3
60.8
60.7
60.9
61.2
61.1
59,264 59,282 59,273 58,992 59,344 59,425 59,506 59,708 59,894 59,932 60,178 59,741 59,766
58.6
58.7
58.7
58.8
58.6
58.6
58.3
58.6
58.6
59.1
58.9
58.9
58.6
797
764
829
822
797
748
808
846
847
852
822
819
839
58,418 58,453 58,476 58,184 58,580 58,677 58,709 58,886 59,042 59,093 59,359 58,895 58,943
2,262
2,142
2,103
2,273
2,279
2,232
2,111
2,119
2,318
2,353
2,390
2,233
2,288
3.7
3.4
3.5
3.7
3.7
3.4
3.4
3.8
3.6
3.8
3.6
3.7
3.8
39,347 39,446 39,576 39,944 39,835 39,920 39,908 39,793 39,516 39,466 39,367 39,738 39,819
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
16,034
8,329
51.9
7,264
45.3
220
7,044
1,065
12.8
7,705
15,991
8,411
52.6
7,412
46.4
222
7,190
999
11.9
7,580
15,974
8,229
51.5
7,130
44.6
218
6,912
1,099
13.4
7,745
15,972
8,430
52.8
7,237
45.3
233
7,004
1,193
14.2
7,542
15,977
8,308
52.0
7,238
45.3
242
6,996
1,070
12.9
7,669
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in tables A-3 through A-13
15,960
8,317
52.1
7,265
45.5
274
6,991
1,052
12.6
7,643
15,983
8,376
52.4
7,289
45.6
257
7,032
1,087
13.0
7,607
16,014
8,381
52.3
7,280
45.5
220
7,060
1,101
13.1
7,633
16,063
8,337
51.9
7,188
44.7
205
6,983
1,149
13.8
7,726
16,113
8,243
51.2
7,122
44.2
143
6,980
1,121
13.6
7,870
16,108
8,195
50.9
7,067
43.9
191
6,876
1,127
13.8
7,913
16,068
8,050
50.1
6,907
43.0
229
6,678
1,143
14.2
8,018
16,046
7,802
48.6
6,742
42.0
201
6,541
1,060
13.6
8,244
will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series.
33
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
2000
May
June
July
Aug.
2001
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .. 174,197 174,316 174,443 174,587 174,745 174,899 175,034 175,145 175,246 175,326 175,416 75,533 75,653
117,329 117,477 117,298 117,554 117,553 117,603 117,640 117,945 118,276 118,287 118,243 118,145 17,688
Civilian labor force
67.4
67.3
67.2
67.2
67.3
67.5
67.4
67.2
Percent of population
67.4
67.3
67.5
67.3
67.0
113,240 113,493 113,201 113,378 113,464 113,584 113,509 113,811 114,015 113,902 113,853 113,434 113,185
Employed
64.9
65.0
64.9
64.8
64.9
64.9
65.1
64.9
65.1
65.0
65.0
Employment-population ratio
64.6
64.4
4,389
4,089
4,176
4,131
4,019
4,089
4,261
4,097
3,984
4,134
4,385
Unemployed
4,711
4,503
3.7
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.7
Unemployment rate
4.0
3.8
Men, 20 years and over
60,038
76.9
58,343
74.8
1,695
2.8
60,101
77.0
58,429
74.8
1,672
2.8
59,982
76.7
58,317
74.6
1,665
2.8
60,363
77.2
58,681
75.0
1,682
2.8
60,259
76.9
58,529
74.7
1,730
2.9
60,286
76.9
58,557
74.7
1,729
2.9
60,280
76.8
58,478
74.5
1,802
3.0
60,349
76.8
58,581
74.6
1,768
2.9
60,494
77.0
58,571
74.5
1,923
3.2
60,487
76.9
58,561
74.5
1,926
3.2
60,358
76.7
58,366
74.2
1,991
3.3
60,598
77.0
58,488
74.3
2,110
3.5
60,512
76.8
58,493
74.3
2,019
3.3
50,276
60.2
48,633
58.3
1,643
3.3
50,262
60.2
48,654
58.3
1,608
3.2
50,328
60.2
48,700
58.3
1,628
3.2
50,083
59.9
48,442
57.9
1,641
3.3
50,256
60.0
48,700
58.2
1,556
3.1
50,281
60.0
48,777
58.2
1,504
3.0
50,335
60.0
48,825
58.2
1,510
3.0
50,527
60.2
48,973
58.4
1,554
3.1
50,794
60.5
49,270
58.7
1,524
3.0
50,854
60.6
49,155
58.5
1,699
3.3
50,910
60.6
49,318
58.7
1,593
3.1
50,697
60.3
48,907
58.2
1,790
3.5
50,611
60.2
48,902
58.1
1,708
3.4
7,015
55.2
6,264
49.3
751
10.7
10.9
10.5
7,114
56.0
6,410
50.5
704
9.9
11.7
7.9
6,988
55.0
6,184
48.7
804
11.5
12.5
10.4
7,108
56.0
6,255
49.3
853
12.0
13.1
10.8
7,038
55.4
6,235
49.1
803
11.4
12.2
10.6
7,036
55.4
6,250
49.2
786
11.2
11.8
10.5
7,025
55.3
6,206
48.9
819
11.7
12.4
10.9
7,069
55.7
6,257
49.3
812
11.5
12.2
10.7
6,988
55.1
6,174
48.7
814
11.7
13.3
9.8
6,945
54.6
6,186
48.7
760
10.9
12.6
9.2
6,975
54.8
6,169
48.5
806
11.6
11.8
11.2
6,850
53.7
6,039
47.3
812
11.8
12.8
10.8
6,566
51.4
5,790
45.3
776
11.8
13.1
10.5
Civilian noninstitutional population1 .. 25,161
16,577
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
65.9
15,264
Employed
60.7
Employment-population ratio
1,313
Unemployed
7.9
Unemployment rate
25,191
16,573
65.8
15,277
60.6
1,296
7.8
25,221
16,501
65.4
15,232
60.4
1,269
7.7
25,258
16,540
65.5
15,239
60.3
1,301
7.9
25,299
16,489
65.2
15,304
60.5
1,185
7.2
25,339
16,627
65.6
15,401
60.8
1,226
7.4
25,376
16,732
65.9
15,485
61.0
1,247
7.5
25,408
16,742
65.9
15,470
60.9
1,272
7.6
25,382
16,773
66.1
15,372
60.6
1,401
8.4
25,412
16,691
65.7
15,440
60.8
1,251
7.5
25,441
16,789
66.0
15,348
60.3
1,441
8.6
25,472
16,666
65.4
15,299
60.1
1,367
8.2
25,501
16,639
65.2
15,311
60.0
1,328
8.0
7,273
72.2
6,755
67.0
518
7.1
7,283
72.1
6,777
67.1
506
6.9
7,306
72.3
6,811
67.4
495
6.8
7,331
72.4
6,802
67.2
529
7.2
7,307
72.0
6,832
67.3
475
6.5
7,383
72.6
6,868
67.5
515
7.0
7,397
72.6
6,888
67.6
509
6.9
7,437
72.9
6,897
67.6
540
7.3
7,430
73.0
6,918
68.0
512
6.9
7,374
72.4
6,887
67.6
487
6.6
7,404
72.6
6,776
66.4
628
8.5
7,369
72.2
6,761
66.2
608
8.2
7,275
71.2
6,723
65.8
552
7.6
8,348
66.2
7,786
61.7
562
6.7
8,324
65.9
7,781
61.6
543
6.5
8,234
65.1
7,714
61.0
520
6.3
8,249
65.1
7,734
61.1
515
6.2
8,231
64.9
7,750
61.1
481
5.8
8,262
65.0
7,786
61.3
476
5.8
8,325
65.4
7,808
61.3
517
6.2
8,333
65.4
7,861
61.7
472
5.7
8,340
65.4
7,731
60.6
609
7.3
8,336
65.3
7,854
61.5
482
5.8
8,418
65.9
7,885
61.7
533
6.3
8,353
65.3
7,892
61.7
460
5.5
8,421
65.8
7,882
61.6
539
6.4
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
BLACK
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
34
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonally adjusted
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status,
race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
2000
May
June
July
Aug.
2001
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
BLACK-Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio ...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
956
38.7
723
29.3
233
24.4
27.4
21.5
966
39.1
719
29.1
247
25.6
31.5
19.3
961
39.0
707
28.7
254
26.4
25.7
27.1
960
39.0
703
28.5
257
26.8
31.7
22.3
951
38.6
722
29.3
229
24.1
26.7
21.7
982
39.9
747
30.4
235
23.9
27.0
21.2
1,010
41.0
789
32.1
221
21.9
22.5
21.3
972
39.5
712
28.9
260
26.7
30.1
23.4
1,002
40.8
723
29.4
280
27.9
26.9
28.9
981
39.8
699
28.4
282
28.8
31.7
25.7
968
39.2
688
27.9
280
28.9
27.7
30.2
944
38.2
646
26.1
299
31.6
34.9
28.6
942
38.0
706
28.5
236
25.1
30.0
20.3
22,292
15,294
68.6
14,411
64.6
883
5.8
22,355
15,320
68.5
14,456
64.7
864
5.6
22,422
15,243
68.0
14,384
64.2
859
5.6
22,488
15,312
68.1
14,439
64.2
873
5.7
22,555
15,513
68.8
14,647
64.9
866
5.6
22,618
15,491
68.5
14,711
65.0
780
5.0
22,687
15,626
68.9
14,686
64.7
940
6.0
22,749
15,671
68.9
14,772
64.9
899
5.7
22,769
15,540
68.2
14,612
64.2
927
6.0
22,830
15,653
68.6
14,673
64.3
980
6.3
22,889
15,770
68.9
14,782
64.6
988
6.3
22,957
15,775
68.7
14,747
64.2
1,028
6.5
23,021
15,608
67.8
14,634
63.6
975
6.2
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio ...
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics
are included in both the white and black population groups.
35
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-5.
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutionai population 25 years and over by educational attainment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
2001
2000
Educational attainment
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
28,096 28,227 27,888 28,306 28,346 27,931 27,851 27,693 27,957 27,191 27,564 28,326 28,350
11,966 12,035 12,249 12,264 12,301 12,192 11,958 11,822 12,008 12,074 12,103 12,371 12,319
43.7
44.4
43.4
43.7
43.0
42.7
42.9
43.3
43.9
42.6
43.9
42.6
43.5
11,144 11,269 11,470 11,491 11,542 11,408 11,171 11,077 11,193 11,140 11,267 11,558 11,523
40.8
40.7
41.1
41.0
40.0
40.1
40.6
39.9
39.7
40.8
40.9
40.0
40.6
784
779
934
787
759
773
766
822
813
836
816
745
797
6.4
6.4
7.7
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.8
6.3
6.6
6.9
6.6
6.9
6.5
High school graduates, no college2
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
57,746 57,581 57,144 56,882 57,244 57,365 57,562 57,899 58,092 57,617 57,660 57,456 57,456
37,187 37,037 37,003 36,743 36,815 36,985 37,129 37,187 37,415 37,309 37,189 37,053 36,952
64.8
64.2
64.5
64.3
64.6
64.3
64.5
64.5
64.4
64.5
64.8
64.3
64.4
35,881 35,774 35,753 35,397 35,574 35,707 35,830 35,906 35,986 35,895 35,746 35,650 35,507
62.2
62.1
62.2
62.0
62.0
62.3
61.9
62.0
62.2
62.6
62.1
61.8
62.1
1,306 1,263 1,250 1,346 1,241 1,278 1,299 1,281 1,429 1,414 1,443 1,403 1,446
3.4
3.4
3.8
3.8
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.7
3.9
3.8
3.9
3.4
3.5
Less than a bachelor's degree3
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
,
44,153 44,250 44,724 44,616 44,191 44,767 44,770 44,596 44,313 45,263 45,182 44,653 44,576
32,964 33,003 32,916 33,039 32,952 32,896 32,776 33,045 33,102 33,079 33,241 33,044 33,192
74.1
73.1
74.7
74.1
73.2
73.5
74.6
74.6
73.6
74.7
74.0
73.6
74.5
32,105 32,075 32,014 32,137 32,093 32,103 31,897 32,141 32,121 32,197 32,360 32,065 32,188
71.1
71.7
72.1
71.2
72.0
72.5
71.8
71.6
72.5
72.6
71.6
72.7
72.2
882
904
879
793
902
928
981
859
902
978 1,004
881
859
2.4
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.6
College graduates
Civilian noninstitutionai population1
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
2
45,029 45,092 45,549 45,718 45,863 45,785 45,706 45,839 45,790 46,167 45,979 46,045 46,271
35,994 35,981 35,910 35,953 36,071 36,022 36,237 36,460 36,476 36,602 36,642 36,646 36,687
79.7
79.3
78.7
79.6
79.7
79.5
78.6
78.6
79.3
79.3
78.8
79.8
79.9
35,409 35,407 35,298 35,324 35,397 35,431 35,674 35,894 35,909 36,032 35,916 35,802 35,915
77.4
77.2
78.1
78.0
78.4
78.1
77.3
78.5
77.6
77.8
78.3
77.5
78.6
567
674
612
629
574
771
845
570
566
591
726
563
585
1.7
2.1
2.3
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.9
1.7
1.6
2.0
1.6
1.6
1.6
3
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
Includes high school diploma or equivalent.
36
Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-6. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Full- and part-time status, sex,
and age
2000
May
June
July
Aug.
2001
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec,
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
EMPLOYED
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
112,202 112,330 112,165 112,130 112,459 112,547 112,321 112,527 112,877 112,540 112,996 112,494 112,143
64,785 65,010 65,042 65,204 65,057 65,044 64,773 64,987 64,975 64,851 64,731 64,652 64,526
63,285 63,443 63,520 63,676 63,588 63,576 63,296 63,542 63,559 63,487 63,309 63,269 63,265
47,405 47,412 47,280 46,974 47,407 47,462 47,505 47,462 47,733 47,623 48,244 47,849 47,647
46,351 46,332 46,199 45,978 46,348 46,359 46,445 46,418 46,711 46,583 47,218 46,851 46,670
2,612
2,566
2,555
2,446
2,476
2,523
2,580
2,567
2,607
2,374
2,470
2,469
2,209
22,625
7,236
5,007
15,394
12,914
4,704
22,768
7,272
5,041
15,521
12,993
4,734
22,597
Looking for full-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
4,537
2,460
2,149
2,088
1,845
543
Looking for part-time work
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
1,210
512
220
710
463
527
Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
15,507
13,004
4,634
22,741
7,161
5,032
15,587
13,004
4,705
22,721
7,336
5,114
15,395
12,907
4,700
22,937
7,373
5,174
15,574
13,067
4,696
23,208
7,535
5,406
15,621
13,053
4,749
23,413
7,507
5,291
15,889
13,359
4,763
23,291
7,626
5,412
15,657
13,214
4,665
23,426
7,580
5,329
15,855
13,380
4,717
22,931
7,568
5,274
15,388
13,009
4,648
22,857
7,596
5,372
15,311
12,957
4,528
22,913
7,451
5,341
15,455
13,073
4,499
4,427
2,461
2,100
2,011
1,848
479
4,422
2,400
2,073
1,990
1,810
539
4,601
2,480
2,105
2,139
1,908
588
4,423
2,458
2,114
1,989
1,767
542
4,456
2,494
2,174
1,989
1,730
552
4,560
2,556
2,231
2,031
1,754
575
4,551
2,551
2,238
2,016
1,751
562
4,768
2,684
2,341
2,090
1,847
580
4,738
2,647
2,311
2,080
1,894
532
4,907
2,868
2,489
2,056
1,836
582
5,048
2,888
2,583
2,149
1,923
542
5,059
2,890
2,570
2,153
1,973
516
1,163
483
209
673
434
520
1,223
489
214
750
454
555
1,194
497
209
662
389
596
1,097
462
209
627
374
514
1,087
460
206
616
369
512
1,096
480
219
610
363
514
1,122
499
212
624
352
558
1,192
562
234
616
376
582
1,179
530
211
663
407
561
1,167
492
233
716
395
538
1,338
597
264
730
464
610
1,104
488
199
641
362
543
7,127
4,959
UNEMPLOYED
UNEMPLOYMENT RATES1
Full-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
3.9
3.7
3.3
4.2
3.8
17.5
3.8
3.6
3.2
4.1
3.8
15.8
3.8
3.6
3.2
4.0
3.8
18.1
3.9
3.7
3.2
4.4
4.0
19.2
3.8
3.6
3.2
4.0
3.7
17.7
3.8
3.7
3.3
4.0
3.6
17.4
3.9
3.8
3.4
4.1
3.6
18.2
3.9
3.8
3.4
4.1
3.6
18.0
4.1
4.0
3.6
4.2
3.8
18.2
4.0
3.9
3.5
4.2
3.9
17.7
4.2
4.2
3.8
4.1
3.7
19.1
4.3
4.3
3.9
4.3
3.9
18.6
4.3
4.3
3.9
4.3
4.1
18.9
Part-time workers
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
5.1
6.6
4.2
4.4
3.5
10.1
4.9
6.2
4.0
4.2
3.2
9.9
5.1
6.4
4.1
4.6
3.4
10.7
5.0
6.5
4.0
4.1
2.9
11.2
4.6
5.9
3.9
3.9
2.8
9.9
4.5
5.9
3.8
3.8
2.7
9.8
4.5
6.0
3.9
3.8
2.7
9.8
4.6
6.2
3.9
3.8
2.6
10.5
4.9
6.9
4.1
3.8
2.8
11.1
4.8
6.5
3.8
4.0
3.0
10.6
4.8
6.1
4.2
4.4
2.9
10.4
5.5
7.3
4.7
4.6
3.5
11.9
4.6
6.2
3.6
4.0
2.7
10.8
These rates reflect a refined definition of the full- and part-time labor force
and differ from the rates published elsewhere in this publication prior to 1994.
37
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-7. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
2000
2001
Category
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
MARITAL STATUS
Total
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
134,843 135,183 134,898 134,939 135,310 135,464 135,478 135,836 135,999 135,815 135,780 135,354 135,103
43,306 43,364 43,308 43,375 43,321 43,345 43,251 43,293 43,134 43,340 43,385 43,516 43,733
33,723 33,745 33,621 33,507 33,491 33,622 33,633 33,635 34,249 34,059 34,080 33,662 33,686
8,449
8,492
8,460
8,335
8,340
8,516
8,495
8,501
8,373
8,049
8,426
8,160
8,319
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
40,854
41,113
40,804
40,917
40,938
40,745
41,083
41,078
41,430
41,770
42,023
41,841
41,996
39,470
18,175
14,886
18,047
3,410
39,333
18,111
14,950
18,398
3,377
39,317
17,968
15,191
18,313
3,332
39,100
17,749
15,189
18,561
3,390
39,093
18,190
15,083
18,472
3,390
39,521
18,555
15,050
18,305
3,318
39,616
18,471
14,748
18,184
3,238
39,853
18,550
14,848
18,171
3,357
40,086
18,158
14,889
18,092
3,372
39,781
18,283
14,970
17,889
3,252
39,433
18,289
14,895
17,999
3,321
39,014
18,258
14,834
18,127
3,238
38,743
18,224
14,962
17,904
3,251
2,013
1,246
38
2,051
1,187
44
2,065
1,189
39
2,048
1,241
36
2,018
1,274
38
2,041
1,182
32
2,005
1,180
25
2,019
1,198
34
1,983
1,182
25
1,839
1,291
29
1,910
1,231
36
1,902
1,223
47
1,958
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Government
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
1,201
38
122,871 123,020 122,744 122,931 123,117 123,461 123,632 123,813 124,035 124,069 123,814 123,395 123,416
103,787 104,184 104,152 104,287 104,114 104,388 104,486 104,461 105,192 104,966 104,680 104,541 104,349
827
821
824
812
823
881
934
781
879
859
789
926
812
102,853 103,258 103,331 103,506 103,290 103,576 103,659 103,582 104,333 104,143 103,800 103,729 103,559
19,084 18,836 18,592 18,644 19,003 19,073 19,146 19,352 18,843 19,103 19,134 18,854 19,067
8,533
8,619
8,786
8,561
8,617
8,784
8,708
8,618
8,600
8,698
8,530
8,660
8,608
128
86
108
136
142
138
89
114
121
110
103
74
93
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons
3,240
1,953
972
18,513
3,125
1,858
981
18,444
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Part time for noneconomic reasons
3,077
1,831
952
17,957
2,981
1,760
982
17,897
3,110
1,871
918
18,579
2,972
1,773
896
18,052
3,170
1,980
880
18,704
3,038
1,901
861
18,142
3,188
2,051
831
18,595
3,222
1,909
947
18,758
3,416
2,183
886
18,896
3,234
1,964
896
18,993
3,327
2,035
954
18,568
3,273
2,043
933
19,021
3,164
1,914
3,201
2,097
3,371
2,215
907
18,647
873
18,713
18,581
3,030
1,940
817
18,024
3,044
1,808
923
18,206
3,285
2,082
871
18,323
3,088
1,882
877
18,437
3,227
1,971
945
18,040
3,143
1,970
910
18,509
3,007
1,828
877
18,132
3,061
1
Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs
during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial
dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full
900
1,985
864
3,197
2,089
876
18,176
18,061
time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as
holidays, illness, and bad weather.
38
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-8. Employed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
2000
2001
Age and sex
May
Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
134,843 135,183 134,898 134,939 135,310 135,464 135,478 135,836 135,999 135,815 135,780 135,354 135,103
20,467 20,277 19,962
20,283 20,650 20,380 20,587 20,784 20,819 20,830 20,851 20,842 20,661
7,188
7,067
6,742
6,907
7,237
7,238
7,122
7,289
7,280
7,412
7,130
7,265
7,264
2,637
2,642
2,651
2,581
2,748
2,765
2,680
2,781
2,776
2,896
2,644
2,721
2,749
4,555
4,445
4,085
4,337
4,489
4,473
4,469
4,497
4,495
4,536
4,468
4,547
4,513
13,654 13,539 13,399 13,370 13,220
13,541
13,571
13,019 13,238 13,250 13,350 13,546 13,554
114,543 114,509 114,485 114,375 114,579 114,625 114,665 114,986 115,254 115,209 115,340 115,057 115,102
96,902 97,103 97,205 97,125 97,237 96,783 96,803
96,811
96,863 96,834 96,785 96,640 96,751
17,627 17,690 17,706 17,864 17,814 17,817 17,719 17,879 18,102 18,075 18,089 18,173 18,292
72,049
72,240
72,141
72,379
72,398
72,427
72,354
72,534
72,589
72,359
72,201
72,245
71,978
10,746
3,670
1,377
2,277
7,076
61,665
51,836
9,804
10,798
3,653
1,340
2,318
7,145
61,606
51,805
9,782
10,791
3,671
1,356
2,306
7,120
61,571
51,846
9,752
10,790
3,686
1,331
2,346
7,104
61,740
51,958
9,781
10,797
3,673
1,297
2,397
7,124
61,807
51,898
9,970
10,585
3,598
1,344
2,280
6,987
61,818
51,901
9,907
10,512
3,668
1,353
2,331
6,844
61,735
51,808
9,928
10,530
3,539
1,325
2,227
6,991
61,717
51,650
9,998
10,229
3,383
1,299
2,080
6,845
61,748
51,771
9,973
10,590
3,734
1,407
2,324
6,856
61,462
51,723
9,705
10,732
3,751
1,475
2,301
6,981
61,499
51,800
9,695
10,611
3,646
1,321
2,295
6,965
61,521
51,804
9,730
10,704
3,669
1,386
2,277
7,035
61,703
51,833
9,907
62,794
62,943
62,757
62,560
62,912
63,037
63,124
63,302
63,410
63,456
63,578
63,109
63,125
9,693
3,530
1,342
2,189
6,163
53,081
45,140
7,922
9,918
3,661
1,421
2,235
6,257
53,010
45,034
7,995
9,769
3,484
1,323
2,173
6,285
52,964
44,981
7,976
9,883
3,568
1,362
2,212
6,315
52,672
44,807
7,957
10,038
3,568
1,388
2,196
6,470
52,914
44,915
8,010
10,021
3,612
1,381
2,229
6,409
53,019
45,006
8,035
10,039
3,618
1,425
2,191
6,421
53,094
45,056
7,967
10,061
3,594
1,445
2,149
6,467
53,246
45,145
8,098
10,045
3,515
1,339
2,159
6,530
53,448
45,307
8,132
10,076
3,524
1,336
2,189
6,552
53,391
45,225
8,168
9,955
3,400
1,288
2,113
6,555
53,604
45,429
8,161
9,747
3,368
1,256
2,110
6,379
53,340
45,133
8,176
9,733
3,359
1,352
2,006
6,374
53,354
45,032
8,318
39
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-9. Unemployed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
2000
2001
Age and sex
Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
5,730
5,574
5,648
5,785
5,537
5,536
5,658
5,653
5,956
5,936
6,088
6,402
6,169
2,189
1,065
517
549
1,124
3,540
3,112
450
2,068
999
449
545
1,069
3,512
3,105
431
2,077
1,099
514
578
978
3,550
3,107
436
2,143
1,193
560
646
950
3,669
3,198
488
2,023
1,070
515
559
953
3,520
3,012
488
2,044
1,052
488
570
992
3,481
2,979
510
2,081
1,087
507
579
994
3,554
3,043
520
2,118
1,101
519
592
1,017
3,515
3,009
481
2,205
1,149
554
595
1,056
3,767
3,262
509
2,167
1,121
555
550
1,046
3,766
3,262
519
2,263
1,127
502
624
1,135
3,844
3,373
481
2,349
1,143
518
626
1,206
4,043
3,472
517
2,198
1,060
486
569
1,138
3,981
3,545
483
2,928
2,915
2,885
3,009
2,907
2,944
3,032
3,048
3,226
3,187
3,315
3,496
3,366
1,182
581
284
300
601
1,762
1,510
257
1,141
619
278
345
522
1,778
1,553
232
1,127
598
281
313
529
1,767
1,506
243
1,213
690
285
407
523
1,798
1,553
278
1,125
582
292
288
543
1,790
1,522
259
1,122
563
286
277
559
1,814
1,538
280
1,139
580
287
293
559
1,873
1,572
296
1,159
607
300
310
552
1,878
1,562
285
1,234
650
335
320
584
1,987
1,679
303
1,282
660
306
343
622
1,891
1,619
291
1,285
587
250
338
698
2,046
1,745
294
1,293
627
305
326
666
2,208
1,900
298
1,264
610
273
336
654
2,125
1,850
296
2,802
2,659
2,763
2,776
2,630
2,592
2,626
2,605
2,730
2,749
2,774
2,907
2,803
1,007
484
233
249
523
1,778
1,602
193
927
380
171
200
547
1,734
1,552
199
950
501
233
265
449
1,783
1,601
193
930
503
275
239
427
1,871
1,645
210
898
488
223
271
410
1,730
1,490
229
922
489
202
293
433
1,667
1,441
230
942
507
220
286
435
1,681
1,471
224
959
494
219
282
465
1,637
1,447
196
971
498
219
274
472
1,780
1,583
205
885
460
250
208
424
1,875
1,643
228
978
540
252
285
438
1,798
1,628
188
1,055
516
213
300
539
1,834
1,572
219
934
450
213
234
485
1,856
1,695
186
40
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-10. Unemployment rates by age and sex, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
2000
2001
Age and sex
May
Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
June
July
Aug.
Sept
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
4.1
4.0
4.0
4.1
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.0
4.2
4.2
4.3
4.5
4.4
9.7
12.8
15.8
10.8
7.9
3.0
3.1
2.5
9.1
11.9
13.4
10.7
7.5
3.0
3.1
2.4
9.2
13.4
16.3
11.5
6.9
3.0
3.1
2.4
9.4
14.2
16.9
12.6
6.6
3.1
3.2
2.7
8.9
12.9
15.7
11.1
6.6
3.0
3.0
2.7
8.9
12.6
15.2
11.1
6.8
2.9
3.0
2.8
9.1
13.0
15.4
11.4
6.8
3.0
3.0
2.9
9.2
13.1
15.8
11.6
7.0
3.0
3.0
2.6
9.6
13.8
17.4
11.5
7.2
3.2
3.2
2.7
9.5
13.6
17.2
11.0
7.2
3.2
3.2
2.8
10.0
13.8
16.0
12.3
7.8
3.2
3.4
2.6
10.4
14.2
16.7
12.6
8.3
3.4
3.5
2.8
9.9
13.6
15.5
12.2
7.9
3.3
3.5
2.6
3.9
3.9
3.8
4.0
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.0
4.3
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.5
10.0
13.5
16.8
11.4
8.1
2.8
2.8
2.6
9.6
14.2
15.9
13.0
7.0
2.8
2.9
2.3
9.6
14.1
17.5
12.0
7.1
2.8
2.8
2.4
10.2
15.8
17.1
15.2
6.9
2.8
2.9
2.7
9.5
13.7
17.5
11.2
7.1
2.8
2.9
2.6
9.4
13.4
17.6
10.7
7.3
2.9
2.9
2.8
9.5
13.6
17.5
11.3
7.3
3.0
2.9
2.9
9.7
14.1
18.4
11.7
7.2
3.0
2.9
2.8
10.3
15.0
20.5
11.8
7.6
3.1
3.1
3.0
10.8
15.5
18.5
13.1
8.2
3.0
3.0
2.9
10.9
13.8
15.6
12.7
9.3
3.2
3.3
2.9
10.9
15.1
18.7
12.8
8.7
3.5
3.5
2.9
11.0
15.3
17.4
13.9
8.7
3.3
3.5
2.9
4.3
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.0
3.9
4.0
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.4
4.3
9.4
12.1
14.8
10.2
7.8
3.2
3.4
2.4
8.5
9.4
10.7
8.2
8.0
3.2
3.3
2.4
8.9
12.6
15.0
10.9
6.7
3.3
3.4
2.4
8.6
12.4
16.8
9.8
6.3
3.4
3.5
2.6
8.2
12.0
13.8
11.0
6.0
3.2
3.2
2.8
8.4
11.9
12.8
11.6
6.3
3.0
3.1
2.8
8.6
12.3
13.4
11.5
6.3
3.1
3.2
2.7
8.7
12.1
13.2
11.6
6.7
3.0
3.1
2.4
8.8
12.4
14.1
11.3
6.7
3.2
3.4
2.5
8.1
11.6
15.7
8.7
6.1
3.4
3.5
2.7
8.9
13.7
16.4
11.9
6.3
3.2
3.5
2.2
9.8
13.3
14.5
12.4
7.8
3.3
3.4
2.6
8.8
11.8
13.6
10.4
7.1
3.4
3.6
2.2
41
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-11. Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
2000
2001
Category
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec,
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
4.1
3.3
3.8
12.8
4.0
3.2
3.7
11.9
4.0
3.2
3.7
13.4
4.1
3.3
3.7
3.9
3.3
3.5
3.9
3.3
3.4
12.6
13.8
4.2
3.5
3.7
13.6
4.3
3.8
3.6
13.8
4.5
4.0
3.8
14.2
4.4
3.9
3.8
12.9
4.0
3.4
3.4
13.1
4.2
3.6
3.6
14.2
4.0
3.4
3.4
13.0
13.6
White
Black and other
Black
Hispanic origin
3.5
7.1
7.9
5.8
3.4
6.9
7.8
5.6
3.5
6.7
7.7
5.6
3.6
6.9
7.9
5.7
3.5
6.2
7.2
5.6
3.4
6.5
7.4
5.0
3.5
6.4
7.5
6.0
3.5
6.4
7.6
5.7
3.6
7.1
8.4
6.0
3.7
6.6
7.5
6.3
3.7
7.3
8.6
6.3
4.0
7.1
8.2
6.5
3.8
7.1
8.0
6.2
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
1.9
2.8
6.3
1.9
2.6
6.0
2.0
2.7
5.7
2.0
2.8
6.0
2.1
2.7
5.4
2.1
2.5
5.4
2.2
2.5
5.2
2.2
2.6
5.1
2.3
2.5
6.4
2.3
2.6
6.1
2.5
2.7
6.2
2.5
2.9
6.3
2.6
2.9
6.2
1.8
3.6
3.5
6.3
5.5
1.7
3.6
3.5
6.2
5.3
1.8
3.6
3.5
6.2
5.8
1.8
4.0
3.3
6.3
6.4
1.8
3.4
3.5
6.2
5.9
1.7
3.6
3.4
6.4
6.7
1.7
3.6
3.7
6.3
7.1
1.7
3.5
3.7
6.4
6.3
1.8
3.4
3.7
7.1
6.5
1.8
3.5
3.7
7.3
7.2
2.0
3.7
3.5
7.4
9.1
2.1
4.1
4.5
6.8
7.5
1.9
3.7
4.5
7.3
7.1
4.1
4.3
4.1
5.9
3.7
3.6
3.8
4.1
3.2
5.1
2.4
3.9
2.0
7.4
4.0
4.1
3.9
6.0
3.4
3.4
3.2
4.0
2.9
5.1
2.3
3.8
2.5
7.2
4.1
4.3
4.5
6.0
3.6
3.3
4.0
4.0
3.1
5.0
2.2
3.9
2.1
7.2
4.1
4.3
4.3
6.4
3.5
3.1
4.1
4.0
3.1
5.1
2.4
3.8
2.3
8.0
4.0
4.4
5.0
6.4
3.6
3.2
4.3
3.9
3.2
4.8
2.1
3.7
2.1
7.9
4.0
4.7
7.1
6.5
4.0
3.8
4.3
3.8
2.8
4.8
2.3
3.6
2.0
8.8
4.0
4.5
3.5
6.9
3.6
3.5
3.9
3.8
2.6
4.7
1.9
3.7
2.3
9.4
4.0
4.4
3.6
6.5
3.6
3.4
4.0
3.8
3.2
4.8
2.1
3.6
2.2
8.9
4.3
4.9
2.2
6.8
4.2
4.2
4.3
4.0
2.8
5.0
2.3
4.0
2.2
9.0
4.5
5.2
4.6
7.0
4.5
4.2
5.0
4.2
2.9
5.1
2.5
4.2
1.5
9.2
4.5
5.3
3.5
6.2
5.0
5.0
5.0
4.3
3.1
5.3
2.6
4.1
2.1
11.3
4.6
5.3
5.1
7.1
4.6
4.3
5.1
4.4
4.1
5.3
2.7
4.1
2.3
9.2
4.5
5.3
5.5
6.6
4.8
4.9
4.7
4.2
3.8
5.3
2.3
3.9
2.0
8.2
CHARACTERISTIC
Total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
OCCUPATION1
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not available because
the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular
components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
42
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-12. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
2001
2000
Reason
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
2,439
917
1,522
692
2,042
416
2,450
857
1,593
788
1,960
412
2,585
907
1,678
780
1,930
503
2,502
837
1,665
756
1,798
429
2,446
825
1,621
815
1,868
398
2,501
877
1,624
768
1,936
429
2,514
937
1,577
746
1,899
466
2,742
1,032
1,711
838
1,956
446
2,853
945
1,908
820
1,927
372
2,963
991
1,972
814
1,908
386
3,199
1,053
2,146
749
2,005
462
3,159
1,084
2,075
820
1,801
482
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .... 2,460
875
On temporary layoff
1,585
Not on temDorarv lavoff
776
Job leavers
2,052
Reentrants
477
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ....
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
42.7
15.2
27.5
13.5
35.6
8.3
43.6
16.4
27.2
12.4
36.5
7.4
43.7
15.3
28.4
14.0
34.9
7.3
44.6
15.6
28.9
13.5
33.3
8.7
45.6
15.3
30.4
13.8
32.8
7.8
44.3
14.9
29.3
14.7
33.8
7.2
44.4
15.6
28.8
13.6
34.4
7.6
44.7
16.7
28.0
13.3
33.8
8.3
45.8
17.2
28.6
14.0
32.7
7.4
47.8
15.8
32.0
13.7
32.3
6.2
48.8
16.3
32.5
13.4
31.4
6.4
49.9
16.4
33.5
11.7
31.3
7.2
50.4
17.3
33.1
13.1
28.8
7.7
1.7
.6
1.5
.3
1.7
.5
1.5
.3
1.7
.6
1.4
.3
1.8
.6
1.4
.4
1.8
.5
1.3
.3
1.7
.6
1.3
.3
1.8
.5
1.4
.3
1.8
.5
1.3
.3
1.9
.6
1.4
.3
2.0
.6
1.4
.3
2.1
.6
1.3
.3
2.3
.5
1.4
.3
2.2
6
1.3
.3
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ....
Job leavers
.
Reentrants
...
New entrants
A-13. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
2000
2001
Duration
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
2,536
1,901
1,325
670
655
2,572
1,776
1,260
609
651
2,493
1,811
1,319
650
669
2,567
1,832
1,373
673
700
2,498
1,750
1,247
618
629
2,510
1,755
1,311
702
609
2,531
1,796
1,317
713
604
2,440
1,852
1,326
675
651
2,613
1,977
1,371
731
640
2,797
1,669
1,490
793
697
2,674
1,992
1,517
814
703
2,958
1,977
1,499
759
740
2,679
2,028
1,484
852
632
12.6
5.9
12.5
5.9
13.2
5.9
13.0
6.1
12.1
5.3
12.4
6.1
12.4
6.1
12.6
6.1
12.6
5.9
12.9
6.0
13.0
6.5
12.6
5.8
12.2
6.5
100.0
44.0
33.0
23.0
11.6
11.4
100.0
45.9
31.7
22.5
10.9
11.6
100.0
44.3
32.2
23.5
11.6
11.9
100.0
44.5
31.7
23.8
11.7
12.1
100.0
45.5
31.8
22.7
11.2
11.4
100.0
45.0
31.5
23.5
12.6
10.9
100.0
44.8
31.8
23.3
12.6
10.7
100.0
43.4
33.0
23.6
12.0
11.6
100.0
43.8
33.2
23.0
12.3
10.7
100.0
47.0
28.0
25.0
13.3
11.7
100.0
43.2
32.2
24.5
13.2
11.4
100.0
46.0
30.7
23.3
11.8
11.5
100.0
43.3
32.8
24.0
13.8
10.2
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
43
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
May 2001
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Total
211,525
141,048
Employed
Percent
of
population
Unemployed
Not
Total
Percent
of
population
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
labor
force
TOTAL
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over...
16,046
7,639
7,997
8,049
2,972
4,668
14,294
100,362
18,825
119,740
37,084
17,486
31,146
14,633
19,598
16,513
44,514
21,717
22,797
38,142
20,376
17,766
24,053
13,397
37,729
10,656
32,861
9,323
8,455
18,326
19,403
31,487
17,194
14,292
14,523
9,232
5,291
4,229
2,282
1,158
15,083
790
101,684
8,143
75,274
3,914
4,101
4,042
9,350
1,512
2,402
7,482
58,693
18,153
8,556
53,612
16,822
7,817
9,596
21,926
9,005
20,277
10,677
11,250
18,613
9,906
66.7
47.6
37.2
58.0
75.9
83.8
84.0
83.7
84.3
84.8
84.4
85.1
82.6
84.4
80.4
60.4
68.9
49.7
12.9
24.5
13.7
5.2
135,202
6,627
2,495
74.0
48.1
36.9
59.4
80.0
91.3
92.7
91.4
93.8
92.5
92.8
92.2
88.7
90.2
87.0
68.2
76.8
57.2
17.5
30.5
17.3
8.2
72,131
59.9
47.1
37.5
56.5
71.9
76.6
75.7
76.3
75.1
77.3
76.3
78.2
76.7
78.8
74.3
53.3
61.6
42.9
63,071
3,268
1,246
2,022
6,312
4,131
13,123
97,125
29,896
14,060
15,836
36,548
17,721
18,827
30,682
16,761
13,920
14,176
9,001
5,175
4,151
2,236
1,136
780
63.9
41.3
31.2
51.3
69.7
81.1
80.6
80.4
80.8
82.1
81.6
82.6
80.4
82.3
78.4
58.9
67.2
48.6
12.6
24.0
13.4
5.2
3,381
240
104
136
355
2,074
689
337
352
834
399
436
550
295
255
423
244
179
289
137
72
79
131,822
6,386
2,391
3,995
12,768
95,051
29,207
13,723
15,483
35,713
17,322
18,391
30,131
16,466
13,665
13,754
8,757
4,996
3,862
2,099
1,063
700
5,846
1,013
476
536
1,172
3,237
1,250
573
677
1,182
605
577
805
433
372
347
231
116
78
46
22
10
4.1
13.3
16.0
11.5
8.2
3.2
4.0
3.9
4.1
3.1
3.3
3.0
2.6
2.5
2.6
2.4
2.5
2.2
1.8
2.0
1.9
1.3
70,477
8,406
5,025
3,381
4,531
19,379
5,938
2,853
3,085
6,785
3,392
3,393
6,656
3,182
3,474
9,529
4,165
5,365
28,632
7,042
7,297
14,294
70.9
41.2
30.5
52.2
72.8
88.5
89.3
88.0
90.5
89.5
89.7
89.3
86.6
88.1
84.8
66.3
74.6
55.8
17.2
29.9
17.0
8.2
2,462
182
81
101
272
1,494
531
261
270
571
277
294
392
206
186
291
170
121
223
110
50
63
69,669
3,177
1,168
2,008
6,539
50,457
3,143
555
262
293
671
1,660
607
286
321
654
330
324
399
211
188
214
146
68
42
27
13
3
4.2
14.2
17.4
12.2
9.0
3.1
3.6
3.7
3.6
3.2
3.3
3.1
2.4
2.3
2.5
2.7
3.0
2.4
1.7
2.0
2.0
.6
26,410
4,229
2,589
1,639
1,868
5,081
1,331
739
591
1,649
771
878
2,102
977
1,124
3,642
1,486
2,155
11,591
2,988
3,139
5,464
57.4
41.3
32.0
50.5
66.6
74.0
72.3
73.1
71.5
74.9
73.8
76.0
74.6
76.6
72.3
52.2
60.4
42.1
9.2
18.9
10.5
3.2
918
58
23
35
83
580
158
75
83
263
121
142
159
89
69
131
74
58
66
27
22
17
62,153
3,210
1,223
1,986
6,229
2,703
458
214
244
500
1,576
643
287
356
527
275
253
406
222
184
133
86
47
36
19
10
7
4.1
12.3
14.7
10.8
7.3
3.4
4.5
4.2
4.7
3.0
3.3
2.8
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.9
1.9
2.4
44,067
4,178
2,436
1,742
2,663
14,298
4,608
2,114
2,494
5,136
2,621
2,515
4,554
2,205
2,349
5,887
2,678
3,209
17,041
4,054
4,158
8,830
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over....
9,985
8,629
11,449
6,416
5,033
14,050
4,301
3,796
5,953
10,372
16,512
9,007
7,504
7,807
4,930
2,878
2,459
1,313
657
489
3,359
1,249
2,110
6,810
51,951
16,215
7,531
8,684
19,623
9,576
10,047
16,113
8,796
7,317
7,594
4,784
2,809
2,417
1,286
644
486
15,684
7,270
8,414
19,052
9,298
9,753
15,721
8,591
7,131
7,302
4,614
2,688
2,194
1,176
594
424
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
109,842
7.903
3,896
4,007
9,476
61,048
65,774
3,725
1,460
2,265
6,813
46,750
18,931
14,324
6,816
7,508
17,452
8,420
9,032
14,975
8,930
10,002
22,588
11,041
11,547
19,529
10,392
9,137
12,603
6,981
5,622
18,812
5,023
4,659
9,130
8,187
6,788
6,716
4,303
2,413
1,770
969
501
300
9.4
19.3
10.8
3.3
45,174
13,680
6,529
7,152
16,925
8,145
8,779
14,569
7,965
6,604
6,583
4,217
2,366
1,735
950
491
293
44
44,594
13,522
6,453
7,069
16,661
8,024
8,637
14,410
7,876
6,534
6,451
4,143
2,308
1,669
923
469
277
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
May 2001
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Employed
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Total
175,653
12,774
6,314
6,460
15,027
98,173
29,591
13,909
15,682
36,464
17,672
18,792
32,118
16,968
15,150
20,626
11,474
9.152
29,053
7,961
7,500
13,592
117,491
6,473
2,528
3,944
11,786
82,955
24,991
11,784
13,207
31,125
14,943
16,182
26,839
14,520
12,318
12,528
7,951
4,576
3,750
1.966
1,057
728
66.9
50.7
40.0
61.1
78.4
84.5
84.5
84.7
84.2
85.4
84.6
86.1
83.6
85.6
81.3
60.7
69.3
50.0
12.9
24.7
14.1
5.4
113,261
5,700
2,153
3,547
10,972
80,638
24,116
11,369
12,747
30,276
14,522
15,753
26,246
14,205
12,041
12,265
7,784
4,481
3,687
1,931
1,038
718
64.5
44.6
34.1
54.9
73.0
82.1
81.5
81.7
81.3
83.0
82.2
83.8
81.7
83.7
79.5
59.5
67.8
49.0
12.7
24.3
13.8
5.3
3,159
226
99
127
331
1,925
631
307
325
784
382
403
509
275
234
403
233
170
274
127
69
79
85,299
6,527
3,250
3,278
7,567
48,771
14,697
6,906
7,792
18,203
8,814
9,389
15,871
8,418
7,452
9,950
5,573
4,376
12,484
3,714
3,391
5,378
63,814
3,331
1,283
2,048
6,286
45,166
13,840
6,450
7,390
17,062
8,266
8,796
14,264
7.710
6,554
6,848
4,326
2,522
2,183
1,122
609
452
74.8
51.0
39.5
62.5
83.1
92.6
94.2
93.4
94.8
93.7
93.8
93.7
89.9
91.6
87.9
68.8
77.6
57.6
17.5
30.2
18.0
8.4
61,517
2,907
1,080
1,827
5,809
43,968
13,401
6,244
7,157
16,594
8,041
8,553
13,973
7,555
6,418
6,680
4,213
2,467
2,153
1,103
601
449
72.1
44.5
33.2
55.7
76.8
90.2
91.2
90.4
91.9
91.2
91.2
91.1
88.0
89.7
86.1
67.1
75.6
56.4
17.2
29.7
17.7
8.4
90,353
6,247
3,064
3,182
7,460
49,401
14,894
7,004
7,890
18,260
8,858
9,403
16,247
8,549
7,698
10,677
5,901
4,776
16,569
4,247
4,108
8,214
53,677
3,142
1,246
1,896
5,500
37,788
11,150
5,334
5,816
14,063
6.677
7,386
12,575
6,811
5,764
5,680
3,626
2,054
1,566
843
447
276
59.4
50.3
40.6
59.6
73.7
76.5
74.9
76.2
73.7
77.0
75.4
78.6
77.4
79.7
74.9
53.2
61.4
43.0
9.5
19.9
10.9
3.4
51,744
2,793
1,073
1,720
5,163
36.670
10,715
5,125
5,590
13,682
6,482
7,201
12,273
6,650
5,623
5,584
3,570
2,014
1,534
828
438
269
57.3
44.7
35.0
54.1
69.2
74.2
71.9
73.2
70.8
74.9
73.2
76.6
75.5
77.8
73.0
52.3
60.5
42.2
9.3
19.5
10.7
3.3
Percent
of
population
Total
Percent
of
population
Unemployed
Not
in
labor
force
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
110,102
5.473
2,054
3,419
10,641
78.713
23,485
11,063
12,422
29,491
14,140
15,351
25,737
13.930
11,807
11,861
7,550
4,311
3,413
1,804
970
639
4,230
773
375
398
814
2,317
874
414
460
849
421
429
593
315
277
263
168
95
63
35
18
10
3.6
11.9
14.8
10.1
6.9
2.8
3.5
3.5
3.5
2.7
2.8
2.6
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.1
2.1
2.1
1.7
1.8
1.7
1.4
58,162
6.301
3,785
2.516
3,241
15,218
4,600
2.125
2,475
5.339
2.729
2,610
5,279
2.447
2,832
8,099
3,523
4,576
25,303
5,996
6,443
12,864
2,278
170
78
92
251
1,375
482
237
245
539
265
274
354
185
169
273
160
113
209
100
46
63
59,239
2,736
1,002
1,734
5,558
42,593
12,920
6,008
6,912
16.055
7,776
8,279
13,619
7,370
6,249
6,408
4.053
2,355
1.943
1,003
554
386
2,297
424
203
221
477
1,198
439
206
233
469
226
243
291
154
136
167
112
55
31
19
9
3
3.6
12.7
15.8
10.8
7.6
2.7
3.2
3.2
3.2
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.4
2.6
2.2
1.4
1.7
1.4
.6
21,485
3,196
1,967
1.230
1,281
3,605
857
455
401
1,141
548
593
1.607
709
898
3.102
1.248
1.854
10,300
2.592
2,782
4,926
882
56
21
35
80
550
150
70
80
246
117
129
155
89
66
131
73
58
64
27
22
16
50,863
2,737
1,052
1.685
5,083
36,120
10,565
5.055
5,510
13,436
6,364
7,072
12,118
6,560
5,558
5,453
3,497
1,956
1.470
801
416
253
1,933
349
173
176
337
1.118
435
209
227
381
195
185
302
161
141
96
56
40
32
16
10
7
3.6
11.1
13.9
9.3
6.1
3.0
3.9
3.9
3.9
2.7
2.9
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.4
1.7
1.5
2.0
2.1
1.8
2.2
2.6
36,677
3.105
1,819
1.286
1.959
11,613
3,743
1,670
2.074
4,197
2,181
2.016
3,672
1.738
1,934
4,997
2,275
2,722
15,003
3,403
3,661
7,938
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
WHITE
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
45
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-14. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
May 2001
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent
of
population
Total
Percent
of
population
Unemployed
Agriculture
Not
in
labor
force
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
15,173
677
237
440
1,494
11,382
3,901
1,831
2,070
4,357
2,226
2,131
3,124
1,780
1,344
1,284
813
471
336
217
74
45
1,294
213
86
127
296
716
297
139
158
276
156
120
144
86
59
58
42
15
11
7
4
7.8
23.8
26.7
22.2
16.4
5.9
7.0
7.0
7.0
5.9
6.5
5.3
4.4
4.6
4.1
4.3
4.9
3.2
3.1
3.0
5.2
8,893
1,581
925
656
929
2,905
854
480
375
1,020
453
567
1,031
541
489
1,054
471
582
2,423
773
618
1,032
6,940
315
109
206
643
5,231
1,757
799
957
2,028
1,029
999
1,447
832
614
578
354
224
174
119
30
25
658
119
53
66
150
340
122
68
53
153
91
63
66
39
27
39
29
10
9
5
4
8.5
27.2
32.7
24.0
18.6
6.0
6.3
7.7
5.2
6.9
8.0
5.8
4.3
4.4
4.1
6.2
7.6
4.1
4.7
3.7
1
3,714
778
465
313
443
1,156
356
203
153
395
167
228
404
221
183
422
194
229
914
304
253
357
8,233
363
128
235
851
6,150
2,144
1,032
1,112
2,329
1,197
1,132
1,678
948
730
706
460
247
162
98
44
20
636
94
33
60
146
376
175
70
105
123
65
57
79
47
32
19
13
6
2
2
7.2
20.6
20.7
20.5
14.6
5.8
7.5
6.4
8.6
5.0
5.2
4.8
4.5
4.7
4.2
2.6
2.7
2.3
1.3
2.1
5,179
803
460
343
486
1,750
498
277
221
625
286
339
627
320
307
631
278
354
1,510
469
365
675
Nonagricultural
industries
BLACK
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
25,501
2,476
1,249
1,228
2,737
15,105
5,097
2,475
2,622
5,684
2,844
2,840
4,324
2,415
1,909
2,405
1,333
1,072
2,778
1,003
696
1,078
16,608
895
324
572
1,807
12,200
4,243
1,995
2,248
4,664
2,391
2,274
3,293
1,874
1,419
1,351
862
489
354
230
78
46
65.1
36.1
25.9
46.6
66.0
80.8
83.2
80.6
85.7
82.1
84.1
80.0
76.2
77.6
74.4
56.2
64.7
45.7
12.7
22.9
11.2
4.3
15,314
682
237
445
1,512
11,484
3,946
1,856
2,090
4,388
2,234
2,154
3,149
1,788
1,361
1,294
820
474
343
223
74
46
60.1
27.5
19.0
36.2
55.2
76.0
77.4
75.0
79.7
77.2
78.6
75.8
72.8
74.0
71.3
53.8
61.5
44.2
12.4
22.2
10.6
4.3
140
5
11,440
1,217
627
590
1,253
6,820
2,274
1,090
1,184
2,604
1,296
1,308
1,941
1,101
841
1,049
583
466
1,103
434
287
382
7,726
438
162
277
809
5,664
1,918
887
1,031
2,208
1,128
1,080
1,537
879
658
626
389
237
189
130
34
25
67.5
36.0
25.8
46.9
64.6
83.0
84.3
81.4
87.0
84.8
87.1
82.6
79.2
79.9
78.2
59.7
66.8
50.9
17.1
29.9
11.9
6.5
7,069
319
109
210
659
5,323
1,796
819
977
2,055
1,038
1,018
1,472
841
631
587
360
227
180
125
30
25
61.8
26.2
17.4
35.7
52.6
78.1
79.0
75.1
82.5
78.9
80.1
77.8
75.8
76.4
75.1
56.0
61.7
48.8
16.3
28.8
10.5
6.5
128
5
14,061
1,260
622
638
1,484
8,286
2,823
1,384
1,438
3,080
1,548
1,532
2,383
1,315
1,068
1,356
750
606
1,675
569
409
696
8,881
457
162
295
998
6,536
2,324
1,107
1,217
2,456
1,262
1,193
1,756
995
762
725
473
252
165
100
44
21
63.2
36.3
26.0
46.2
67.2
78.9
82.4
80.0
84.6
79.7
81.5
77.9
73.7
75.6
71.3
53.5
63.0
41.7
9.9
17.6
10.8
3.0
8,245
363
128
235
852
6,160
2,149
1,037
1,112
2,333
1,197
1,136
1,678
948
730
706
460
247
163
98
44
21
58.6
28.8
20.6
36.8
57.4
74.3
76.2
74.9
77.3
75.7
77.3
74.2
70.4
72.1
68.3
52.1
61.3
40.7
9.7
17.2
10.8
3.0
12
5
17
102
45
25
20
32
9
23
25
9
17
9
6
3
7
6
Men
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
5
16
92
40
20
20
27
9
19
25
9
27
9
6
3
6
6
Women
16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
25 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 years and over
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
46
2
10
5
5
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Men, 20 years and
over
Total
Employment status and
race
Women, 20 years and
over
Both sexes, 16 to 19
years
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
209,371
140,395
67.1
134,961
3,490
131,471
5,435
3.9
68,975
211,525
141,048
66.7
135,202
3,381
131,822
5,846
4.1
70,477
92,408
70,691
76.5
68,491
2,346
66,145
2,200
3.1
21,718
93,541
71,360
76.3
68,772
2,280
66,492
2,588
3.6
22,181
100,929
61,530
61.0
59,322
881
58,442
2,208
3.6
39,398
101,938
62,049
60.9
59,804
860
58,943
2,245
3.6
39,890
16,034
8,175
51.0
7,147
263
6,884
1,027
12.6
7,859
16,046
7,639
47.6
6,627
240
6,386
1,013
13.3
8,406
174,197
117,156
67.3
113,309
3,264
110,046
3,847
3.3
57,041
175,653
117,491
66.9
113,261
3,159
110,102
4,230
3.6
58,162
78,030
60,045
77.0
58,475
2,178
56,297
1,571
2.6
17,985
78,772
60,483
76.8
58,610
2,107
56,503
1,873
3.1
18,289
83,459
50,188
60.1
48,665
838
47,826
1,523
3.0
33,272
84,107
50,535
60.1
48,951
826
48,126
1,584
3.1
33,572
12,708
6,924
54.5
6,170
247
5,923
753
10.9
5,785
12,774
6,473
50.7
5,700
226
5,473
773
11.9
6,301
25,161
16,549
65.8
15,268
140
15,128
1,281
7.7
8,612
25,501
16,608
65.1
15,314
140
15,173
1,294
7.8
8,893
10,079
7,288
72.3
6,783
111
6,672
505
6.9
2,791
10,223
7,288
71.3
6,750
124
6,626
539
7.4
2,935
12,613
8,350
66.2
7,786
18
7,767
564
6.8
4,263
12,801
8,425
65.8
7,882
12
7,870
542
6.4
4,376
2,469
912
36.9
699
10
689
213
23.4
1,558
2,476
895
36.1
682
5
677
213
23.8
1,581
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
47
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-16. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
May 2001
Civilian labor force
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent of
population
Unemployed
Total
Full
time
Part
time
Total
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
Percent
of
labor
force
TOTAL ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
18,338
12,624
5,715
8,497
5,185
3,312
46.3
41.1
58.0
7,667
4,585
3,082
1,580
521
1,059
6,087
4,065
2,023
830
599
231
328
174
154
502
425
77
9.8
11.6
7.0
High school
College
Full-time students
Part-time students
10,433
7,906
6,822
1,084
4,056
4,441
3,497
944
38.9
56.2
51.3
87.1
3,534
4,133
3,240
894
267
1,313
757
556
3,267
2,821
2,483
337
522
308
257
51
129
199
167
32
393
109
90
19
12.9
6.9
7.4
5.4
9,219
6,440
2,779
4,139
2,566
1,573
44.9
39.9
56.6
3,713
2,258
1,456
785
255
530
2,928
2,003
926
426
309
117
177
100
78
249
209
39
10.3
12.0
7.4
High school
College
Full-time students ..
Part-time students ,
5,476
3,742
3,276
466
2,108
2,031
1,604
427
38.5
54.3
49.0
91.7
1.822
1,891
1,485
406
144
641
365
276
1,678
1,250
1,120
130
286
140
119
21
77
100
83
17
208
40
36
4
13.6
6.9
7.4
4.9
Women, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
9,120
6,184
2,936
4,358
2,618
1.740
47.8
42.3
59.3
3,954
2,328
1,626
795
266
529
3,159
2,062
1,097
404
291
114
151
75
76
253
216
37
9.3
11.1
6.5
High school
College
Full-time students ..
Part-time students .
4,956
4,164
3,546
618
1,948
2,410
1,893
517
39.3
57.9
53.4
83.7
1,712
2,242
1,755
487
123
672
392
280
1,589
1,570
1,363
207
236
168
138
30
52
99
84
15
184
69
54
15
12.1
7.0
7.3
5.8
14,432
9,986
4,447
7,121
4,431
2,690
49.3
44.4
60.5
6,472
3,956
2,516
1,276
433
843
5,195
3,522
1,673
649
475
174
254
135
119
395
341
55
9.1
10.7
6.5
Men
Women .
7,322
7,110
3,480
3,641
47.5
51.2
3,144
3,328
636
640
2,508
2,687
336
313
142
112
194
201
9.7
8.6
High school
College
Full-time students .
Part-time students
8,200
6,232
5,397
835
3,469
3,652
2,912
740
42.3
58.6
54.0
88.6
3,049
3,423
2,716
706
226
1,050
621
429
2,823
2,372
2,095
277
420
229
196
33
99
156
135
21
321
74
61
13
12.1
6.3
6.7
4.5
2,724
1,942
782
933
546
387
34.3
28.1
49.5
782
434
348
220
65
154
562
369
193
151
112
39
56
33
23
95
79
16
16.2
20.5
10.1
Men
Women .
1,303
1,421
423
510
32.4
35.9
352
430
94
126
258
304
71
80
25
31
46
49
16.7
15.7
High school
College
Full-time students ..
Part-time students .
1,679
1,044
866
179
432
501
357
144
25.7
48.0
41.2
80.5
344
438
309
129
31
189
101
87
312
250
208
42
63
48
15
22
34
25
9
29
23
6
20.4
12.5
13.4
10.2
2.040
1,554
486
758
474
284
37.2
30.5
58.4
654
400
253
175
94
81
478
306
172
105
74
31
43
23
20
62
52
11
13.8
15.7
10.8
Men
Women .
1,004
1,036
368
391
36.6
37.7
309
345
89
219
259
59
46
33
10
26
36
16.1
11.7
High school
College
Full-time students .,
Part-time students ,
1,368
673
534
138
354
405
298
106
25.9
60.1
55.9
76.6
290
364
260
103
58
117
54
63
232
246
206
40
64
41
38
3
20
22
21
1
44
19
17
2
18.1
10.1
12.8
2.6
Men, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
White
Total, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Black
Total, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
See footnotes at end of table.
48
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-16. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educational
attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
May 2001
Civilian labor force
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Total
16,533
3,422
13,111
13,437
2,455
10,982
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
4,227
6,703
3,906
1,696
Men, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Enrollment status, educational
attainment, race, and Hispanic origin
Employed
Percent of
population
Total
Full
time
81.3
71.7
83.8
12,082
2,041
10,041
2,903
5,608
3,321
1,605
68.7
83.7
85.0
94.6
8,274
1,703
6,571
7,257
1,348
5,909
2,375
3,478
1,723
697
Unemployed
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
Percent
of
labor
force
Part
time
Total
10,205
1,463
8,742
1,877
578
1,299
1,355
414
941
1,236
359
877
119
54
64
10.1
16.8
8.6
2,387
5,114
3,052
1,529
1,967
4,301
2,547
1,391
421
813
505
138
515
494
269
76
467
465
234
69
48
29
34
7
17.8
8.8
8.1
4.8
87.7
79.1
89.9
6,456
1,101
5,355
5,748
865
4,883
708
236
472
801
246
554
752
218
534
49
29
21
11.0
18.3
9.4
1,921
3,127
1,553
656
80.9
89.9
90.1
94.1
1,566
2,844
1,419
627
1,349
2,550
1,273
576
217
294
146
51
355
283
134
29
329
272
124
27
26
11
10
3
18.5
9.0
8.6
4.5
8,259
1,719
6,540
6,180
1,107
5,073
74.8
64.4
77.6
5,626
940
4,686
4,458
598
3,859
1,169
342
827
554
167
387
484
141
343
26
44
9.0
15.1
7.6
1,852
3,225
2,184
999
982
2,481
1,768
949
53.0
76.9
81.0
95.0
821
2,270
1,633
902
618
1,751
1,274
815
203
519
360
87
161
211
135
47
138
193
110
42
22
18
25
5
16.4
8.5
7.6
5.0
13,369
2,788
10,580
11,138
2,042
9,096
83.3
73.2
86.0
10,200
1,744
8,456
8,695
1,284
7,412
1,505
461
1,044
938
298
640
857
265
592
81
33
48
8.4
14.6
7.0
Men
Women
6,772
6,597
6,137
5,001
90.6
75.8
5,572
4,628
5,014
3,681
558
947
565
373
529
328
36
45
9.2
7.5
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
3,314
5,366
3,237
1,452
2,357
4,587
2,814
1,381
71.1
85.5
86.9
95.1
2,041
4,228
2,613
1,318
1,715
3,587
2,192
1,201
326
641
421
117
316
359
201
62
288
341
173
55
27
18
28
7
13.4
7.8
7.1
4.5
2,490
534
1,955
1,770
349
1,421
71.1
65.3
72.7
1,119
146
974
292
102
190
358
101
257
325
83
243
33
18
14
20.2
29.0
18.1
Men
Women
1,167
1,323
825
944
70.7
71.4
1,412
248
1,164
627
785
504
615
122
170
199
159
187
138
11
21
24.1
16.9
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
777
1,118
496
99
451
837
384
98
58.1
74.8
77.5
98.7
272
723
322
95
192
587
258
83
80
136
64
12
179
114
62
3
161
103
59
3
18
11
4
39.7
13.6
16.2
2.9
3,142
832
2,310
2,378
579
1,799
75.7
69.6
77.8
2,140
482
1,658
1,841
360
1,480
299
121
178
238
97
140
225
91
134
13
6
6
10.0
16.8
7.8
Men
Women
1,641
1,502
1,493
885
91.0
58.9
1,349
790
1,199
642
151
148
144
94
135
90
8
5
9.6
10.6
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
1,622
965
462
93
1,170
774
355
79
72.1
80.2
76.9
84.4
1,026
720
320
73
901
618
261
60
124
102
60
13
144
53
35
5
141
51
27
5
3
2
8
12.3
6.9
9.8
6.8
TOTAL NOT ENROLLED
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
Women, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Less than a bachelor's degree
College graduates
White
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Black
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
Hispanic origin
Total, 16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not
enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school and
college students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups
will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
49
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutionai population 25 years and over by educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic
origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Men
Total
Educational attainment
Women
White
Black
Hispanic origin
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
176,654
119,114
67.4
115,453
65.4
3,661
3.1
83,315
63,251
75.9
61,665
74.0
1,586
2.5
84,191
63,878
75.9
61,962
73.6
1,916
3.0
91,710
54,885
59.8
53,217
58.0
1,668
3.0
92,463
55,236
59.7
53,491
57.9
1,745
3.2
146,828
98,700
67.2
96,350
65.6
2,350
2.4
147,852
99,232
67.1
96,589
65.3
2,643
2.7
20,013
13,699
68.5
12,997
64.9
702
5.1
20,288
13,905
68.5
13,120
64.7
785
5.6
17,320
12,129
70.0
11,661
67.3
468
3.9
17,838
12,456
69.8
11,914
66.8
542
4.4
28,096
11,966
42.6
11,225
40.0
740
6.2
28,350
12,297
43.4
11,580
40.8
716
5.8
13,048
7,159
54.9
6,819
52.3
341
4.8
13,343
7,332
55.0
7,022
52.6
310
4.2
15,049
4,806
31.9
4,406
29.3
400
8.3
15,007
4,964
33.1
4,558
30.4
406
8.2
22,363
9,624
43.0
9,113
40.8
511
5.3
22,844
10,087
44.2
9,565
41.9
523
5.2
4,350
1,719
39.5
1,541
35.4
178
10.3
4,253
1,682
39.6
1,525
35.9
157
9.3
7,278
4,313
59.3
4,059
55.8
254
5.9
7,707
4,569
59.3
4,278
55.5
291
6.4
57,746
37,406
64.8
36,218
62.7
1,188
3.2
57,456
37,146
64.7
35,826
62.4
1,320
3.6
26,578
19,818
74.6
19,238
72.4
581
2.9
26,558
19,868
74.8
19,116
72.0
752
3.8
31,168
17,588
56.4
16,981
54.5
607
3.5
30,898
17,278
55.9
16,710
54.1
568
3.3
48,748
31,191
64.0
30,363
62.3
828
2.7
48,259
30,775
63.8
29,864
61.9
911
3.0
7,140
5,023
70.3
4,725
66.2
298
5.9
7,225
5,047
69.8
4,689
64.9
358
7.1
4,817
3,581
74.4
3,472
72.1
109
3.1
4,904
3,712
75.7
3,588
73.2
125
3.4
44,153
32,760
74.2
31,970
72.4
790
2.4
44,576
32,980
74.0
32,059
71.9
921
2.8
20,464
16,644
81.3
16,261
79.5
382
2.3
20,460
16,601
81.1
16,121
78.8
479
2.9
23,690
16,116
68.0
15,709
66.3
407
2.5
24,116
16,380
67.9
15,938
66.1
442
2.7
37,191
27,257
73.3
26,651
71.7
606
2.2
37,300
27,210
72.9
26,540
71.2
670
2.5
5,264
4,175
79.3
4,039
76.7
136
3.3
5,518
4,386
79.5
4,203
76.2
184
4.2
3,274
2,613
79.8
2,540
77.6
73
2.8
3,169
2,524
79.6
2,446
77.2
78
3.1
30,583
22,182
72.5
21,651
70.8
530
2.4
30,244
21,806
72.1
21,147
69.9
659
3.0
14,451
11,562
80.0
11,298
78.2
264
2.3
14,333
11,358
79.2
10,993
76.7
365
3.2
16,132
10,620
65.8
10,353
64.2
266
2.5
15,910
10,448
65.7
10,154
63.8
295
2.8
25,624
18,277
71.3
17,857
69.7
420
2.3
25,222
17,829
70.7
17,359
68.8
471
2.6
3,857
3,053
79.1
2,967
76.9
86
2.8
3,869
3,083
79.7
2,947
76.2
136
4.4
2,326
1,840
79.1
1,782
76.6
58
3.2
2,275
1,816
79.8
1,769
77.8
47
2.6
13,570
10,578
78.0
10,319
76.0
260
2.5
14,333
11,174
78.0
10,912
76.1
262
2.3
6,013
5,082
84.5
4,963
82.5
119
2.3
6,127
5,243
85.6
5,128
83.7
115
2.2
7,558
5,496
72.7
5,355
70.9
141
2.6
8,206
5,931
72.3
5,784
70.5
147
2.5
11,567
8,980
77.6
8,794
76.0
186
2.1
12,078
9,381
111
9,182
76.0
199
2.1
1,407
1,122
79.8
1,072
76.2
50
4.5
1,649
1,303
79.0
1,255
76.1
48
3.7
948
773
81.6
759
80.0
15
1.9
894
708
79.2
676
75.7
32
4.5
45,029
36,005
80.0
35,469
78.8
536
1.5
46,271
36,692
79.3
35,987
77.8
704
1.9
23,225
19,629
84.5
19,347
83.3
282
1.4
23,830
20,077
84.3
19,702
82.7
375
1.9
21,804
16,375
75.1
16,121
73.9
254
1.6
22,442
16,614
74.0
16,285
72.6
329
2.0
38,527
30,627
79.5
30,223
78.4
404
1.3
39,449
31,160
79.0
30,620
77.6
539
1.7
3,258
2,782
85.4
2,692
82.6
90
3.2
3,292
2,790
84.8
2,704
82.1
87
3.1
1,951
1,622
83.1
1,590
81.5
32
1.9
2,058
1,651
80.2
1,603
77.9
48
2.9
May
2000
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutionai population ... 175,025
118,136
Civilian labor force
67.5
Percent of population
114,882
Employed
65.6
Employment-population ratio
3,254
Unemployed
2.8
Unemployment rate
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian noninstitutionai population ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
High school graduates, no college
Civilian noninstitutionai population ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Less than a bachelor's degree1
Civilian noninstitutionai population ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Some college, no degree
Civilian noninstitutionai population ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Associate degree
Civilian noninstitutionai population ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
College graduates
Civilian noninstitutionai population ...
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.
50
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-18. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race
(In thousands)
May 2001
Employed
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work
At work2
Age, sex, and race
Total
1
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34
hours for
economic
or
noneconomic
reasons
Not
at
work
Total
Part time for
economic
reasons
Part time
for
noneconomic
reasons
Not
at
work
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
TOTAL
112,281
1,984
230
1,753
110,297
9,801
100,496
86,484
14,012
101,281
1,735
200
1,535
99,546
8,787
90,759
78,405
12,354
8,265
214
29
185
8,050
818
7,233
6,019
1,214
2,735
34
1
33
2,701
197
2,504
2,059
445
22,921
4,643
2,265
2,378
18,278
3,321
14,957
10,642
4,315
2,090
213
43
170
1,877
386
1,491
1,314
177
19,602
4,270
2,133
2,137
15,332
2,792
12,541
8,719
3,822
1,229
160
89
71
1,069
143
925
608
317
4,876
533
139
395
4,343
1,031
3,312
2,974
338
970
479
338
142
490
141
349
263
86
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
64,701
1,120
63,581
5,413
58,168
49,895
8,273
59,295
986
58,309
4,910
53,399
45,991
7,408
3,984
119
3,865
410
3,455
2,870
586
1,422
15
1,407
94
1,314
1,034
280
7,430
2,239
5,191
1,397
3,794
2,056
1,738
946
98
848
180
669
606
62
6,118
2,075
4,043
1,154
2,888
1,347
1,542
366
66
300
64
237
103
133
2,741
317
2,423
612
1,812
1,606
206
402
238
164
60
105
54
50
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
47,580
864
46,716
4,388
42,328
36,588
5,740
41,986
749
41,237
3,877
37,360
32,413
4,946
4,281
96
4,186
408
3,778
3,150
628
1,313
20
1,294
103
1,190
1,025
165
15,491
2,404
13,087
1,924
11,163
8,585
2,578
1,144
115
1,029
207
822
708
114
13,484
2,194
11,290
1,638
9,652
7,372
2,280
863
95
768
79
689
505
184
2,135
216
1,919
419
1,500
1,368
132
568
242
326
81
245
209
36
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
55,201
988
54,213
4,663
49,550
42,282
7,268
50,502
866
49,636
4,205
45,431
38,945
6,486
3,466
109
3,357
378
2,979
2,442
537
1,233
13
1,219
79
1,140
895
245
6,316
1,919
4,397
1,147
3,251
1,686
1,564
719
76
643
136
506
452
55
5,280
1,792
3,488
954
2,534
1,148
1,386
317
51
266
56
211
87
124
1,989
239
1,750
433
1,318
1,158
160
308
185
123
44
79
41
38
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
38,266
729
37,537
3,592
33,944
29,128
4,816
33,772
640
33,132
3,214
29,918
25,788
4,130
3,442
70
3,373
296
3,077
2,519
558
1,052
20
1,032
83
949
821
129
13,479
2,064
11,415
1,571
9,844
7,542
2,302
863
85
778
152
626
525
100
11,864
1,906
9,958
1,348
8,610
6,571
2,039
752
72
679
70
609
446
163
1,478
160
1,317
279
1,038
941
97
455
189
266
58
208
177
31
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
6,312
95
6,218
503
5,715
5,066
648
5,816
87
5,729
470
5,259
4,660
600
369
8
362
27
335
306
28
127
756
224
532
156
376
257
119
180
21
159
38
121
118
2
546
196
350
113
237
128
109
30
7
23
5
18
11
7
581
71
510
141
369
331
38
77
48
29
9
20
10
10
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
6,904
116
6,788
625
6,163
5,499
664
6,070
101
5,970
512
5,458
4,860
598
649
16
633
95
538
489
49
185
1,341
247
1,094
227
867
661
206
210
30
180
37
143
130
14
1,047
198
848
182
666
491
176
85
19
66
9
57
40
16
540
44
496
124
371
355
16
96
50
46
21
25
21
4
Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
White
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Black
127
6
121
100
20
185
19
166
150
17
1
Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on their
usual weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are at work
during the reference week. Persons absent from work also are classified
according to their usual status.
2
Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason
for working part time.
51
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-19. Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
(In thousands)
Total
Occupation
16 years
and over
May
2000
Total
Men
16 years
and over
May
2001
134,961 135,202
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Officials and administrators, public administration
Other executive, administrative, and managerial
Management-related occupations
Professional specialty
Engineers
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers, college and university
Teachers, except college and university
Lawyers and judges
Other professional specialty occupations
40,833
19,605
731
14,009
4,865
21,227
41,984
2,164
2,088
547
1,140
2,968
893
5,521
2,162
2,036
909
4,998
938
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Health technologists and technicians
Engineering and science technicians
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science
Sales occupations
Supervisors and proprietors
Sales representatives, finance and business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales-related occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Supervisors
Computer equipment operators
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists
Financial records processing
Mail and message distributing
Other administrative support, including clerical
39,458
4,242
20,429
847
14,459
5,123
21,555
519
1,068
3,168
981
5,524
5,159
Women
20 years
and over
16 years
and over
20 years
and over
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
72,199
72,131
68,491
68,772
62,762
63,071
59,322
59,804
20,588
10,923
400
8,383
21,096
20,466
10,859
400
8,329
2,130
9,607
1,951
1,379
348
803
389
484
1,327
633
2,293
20,952
11,092
436
8,547
2,108
9,861
1,950
1,373
329
756
440
542
1,404
671
2,397
20,244
8,682
331
5,626
2,725
11,562
213
701
199
337
2,579
406
4,184
274
2,669
20,888
9,277
411
5,873
2,994
11,610
212
656
190
312
2,728
440
4,095
267
2,710
20,044
8,615
326
5,570
2,719
11,429
209
701
199
337
2,577
401
4,111
274
2,620
20,689
9,213
410
5,819
2,984
11,477
212
656
190
312
2,723
428
4,026
267
2,662
13,046
2,018
268
940
809
7,426
2,770
1,554
1,246
1,828
27
3,603
238
157
67
166
569
2,406
25,073
2,211
1,324
332
555
8,085
1,927
1,313
442
4,330
73
14,777
432
135
3,278
2,105
407
8,421
24,790
2,377
1,461
383
533
7,821
1,952
1,304
357
4,163
44
14,592
476
199
3,036
2,015
326
8,540
23,305
2,167
1,306
312
549
6,994
1,908
1,290
437
3,294
65
14,144
432
128
3,209
2,069
398
7,908
23,130
2,358
1,447
382
528
6,758
1,919
1,266
346
3,184
43
14,014
476
194
2,974
1,991
310
8,069
2,140
9,665
1,951
1,387
348
803
389
487
1,337
635
2,328
38,743
4,436
1,730
1,353
1,353
15,869
4,738
2,873
1,607
6,578
74
18,438
14,385
2,031
325
714
359
361
148
76
11,152
436
8,587
2,129
9,945
1,950
1,379
329
756
440
542
1,429
671
2,449
13,953
179
582
178
585
11,133
911
11,158
2,712
2,618
13,480
1,979
319
908
752
7,670
2,879
1,657
1,144
1,963
26
3,831
355
145
72
179
577
2,503
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Food service
Health service
Cleaning and building service
Personal service
18,199
848
2,351
15,001
6,215
2,573
3,079
3,133
18,260
707
2,450
15,103
6,213
2,730
3,073
3,086
7,170
26
1,960
5,184
2,610
237
1,721
616
7,132
9
1,963
5,161
2,646
259
1,652
604
6,146
25
1,912
4,210
1,862
227
1,600
521
6,238
9
1,928
4,302
1,947
245
1,572
537
11,029
822
391
9,816
3,604
2,336
1,359
2,517
11,128
698
488
9,942
3,567
2,471
1,421
2,482
9,876
741
377
8,758
2,897
2,236
1,301
2,324
10,031
618
465
8,948
2,855
2,376
1,374
2,343
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
14,941
5,004
6,016
3,922
15,007
4,859
6,082
4,066
13,553
4,736
5,833
2,985
13,649
4,630
5,932
3,086
13,231
4,635
5,663
2,933
13,344
4,513
5,792
3,039
1,388
268
183
937
1,358
229
150
979
1,337
268
172
897
1,324
221
147
955
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators
Other transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
17,885
7,252
5,464
4,093
1,371
5,170
957
4,212
17,736
6,825
5,821
4,475
1,346
5,090
946
4,144
13,660
4,617
4,923
3,596
1,327
4,119
922
3,197
13,578
4,302
5,250
3,967
1,283
4,026
919
3,107
12,585
4,449
4,734
3,461
1,273
3,402
832
2,570
12,691
4,152
5,131
3,880
1,251
3,409
847
2,562
4,225
2,634
540
497
44
1,050
36
1,015
4,158
2,523
572
508
63
1,064
27
1,037
4,022
2,532
530
486
44
961
36
925
3,939
2,432
566
503
63
941
25
915
3,645
1,165
2,480
3,472
1,091
2,381
2,843
856
1,987
2,722
816
1,907
2,582
837
1,745
2,500
807
1,693
802
309
493
749
275
474
737
308
429
691
274
416
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Farm operators and managers
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations
1,650
1,258
1,334
16,380
4,833
3,011
1,591
6,839
106
18,836
793
283
3,354
2,284
989
3,103
2,193
52
926
780
8,295
2,905
1,698
2,059
268
970
821
8,048
2,786
1,569
1,149
1,249
2,509
34
4,059
2,414
30
3,847
238
161
67
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-20. Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Men
Total
Occupation and race
Women
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
134,961
100.0
135,202
100.0
72,199
100.0
72,131
100.0
62,762
100.0
63,071
100.0
30.3
14.5
15.7
29.2
3.1
31.1
15.1
28.5
15.1
29.2
32.3
13.8
33.1
15.9
28.7
3.3
13.8
19.3
2.9
12.1
14.0
11.7
13.6
18.4
39.9
3.5
12.9
23.5
18.4
39.3
3.8
12.4
13.5
.6
1.7
13.5
.5
1.8
13.4
19.9
2.8
11.5
5.6
9.9
11.1
11.1
13.3
5.4
4.0
3.8
2.7
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
15.5
11.2
11.1
13.1
5.0
4.3
3.8
2.6
2.7
7.2
18.8
18.9
6.4
6.8
5.7
3.9
11.2
5.3
9.9
1
( )
2.7
7.2
18.9
18.8
6.0
7.3
5.6
3.8
113,309
100.0
113,261
100.0
61,704
100.0
31.0
15.1
15.9
31.9
29.2
15.9
13.3
19.9
2.8
11.9
5.2
9.0
1
( )
2.6
6.4
19.5
17.6
1.3
.6
14.7
23.1
17.6
1.1
.8
15.6
2.2
6.7
4.2
.9
1.7
1.3
15.8
2.2
6.6
4.0
.9
1.7
1.2
61,517
100.0
51,605
100.0
51,744
100.0
30.0
16.3
13.7
19.3
2.8
33.2
14.2
34.2
15.2
19.0
40.5
3.5
19.0
39.6
3.8
White
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
29.3
3.1
12.5
13.6
12.4
.6
1.6
10.2
11.6
12.7
5.2
15.8
16.1
28.6
3.2
12.1
13.2
12.4
.5
11.6
4.9
9.0
13.2
23.7
16.5
23.1
16.5
(1)
2.5
6.5
1.2
.5
1.1
.7
18.1
6.2
6.5
5.4
4.3
19.8
17.9
5.7
6.9
5.3
4.0
14.8
2.2
6.2
3.8
.8
1.5
1.5
14.8
2.1
6.2
3.7
.9
1.6
1.4
12.7
3.9
3.6
3.0
1.7
10.3
11.7
12.5
4.8
4.1
3.6
2.8
15,268
100.0
15,314
100.0
7,119
100.0
7,069
100.0
8,149
100.0
8,245
100.0
22.0
10.0
22.7
10.3
12.4
28.7
3.1
8.9
16.7
21.4
.5
19.2
9.4
9.8
18.9
9.3
9.6
24.4
10.5
26.0
11.2
18.8
2.5
7.7
8.7
17.5
2.5
7.1
7.9
17.6
13.9
38.8
3.2
10.6
25.0
14.8
38.3
3.7
Black
Total, 16 years and over (thousands)
Percent
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
12.0
29.5
2.9
9.2
17.4
21.2
.9
2.9
Less than 0.05 percent.
53
3.1
17.4
8.2
18.1
6.6
5.7
5.8
17.8
7.6
1.0
1.3
18.2
6.5
6.3
5.4
16.7
(1)
4.4
12.3
15.3
27.9
7.8
10.8
9.4
2.0
4.9
12.7
14.5
28.9
8.0
11.9
9.0
2.6
25.1
10.4
24.2
24.7
1.7
1.0
1.5
21.9
2.0
1.6
22.1
9.5
5.5
1.7
9.0
5.2
1.3
2.6
.1
1.5
2.3
.3
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-21. Employed persons by industry and occupation
(In thousands)
May 2001
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry
Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade ....
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
Services
Private households
Other service industries
Professional services
Public administration
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support
Total
Executive,
Techniemadminiscians
Profesployed
trative,
and
sional
and
specialty related
manasupport
gerial
Sales
AdminisPrivate
trative
Other
support, houseservice1
including
hold
clerical
3,381
621
9,465
19,420
11,964
7,456
102
121
1,382
3,058
1,819
1,240
126
68
190
1,933
1,353
580
57
26
44
627
445
182
20
14
85
706
301
405
167
41
470
1,779
994
786
10,031
27,493
5,126
22,367
1,381
2,646
637
2,009
746
619
110
509
404
279
74
205
286
11,240
2,118
9,122
2,381
2,280
785
1,495
8,781
49,825
805
49,020
33,245
6,185
2,568
7,686
5
7,681
4,546
1,485
324
16,512
3
16,509
13,969
1,036
207
2,514
2
2,512
2,068
279
2,324
1,170
2
1,168
199
25
2,783
7,266
6
7,260
5,363
1,271
Includes protective service, not s h o w n separately.
54
Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers
Service
occupations
Machine
operators,
assemblers,
and
inspectors
Transportation
and
material
moving
Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and
laborers
Farming,
forestry,
and
fishing
49
239
136
103
34
224
5,516
3,765
2,676
1,089
5
18
104
5,511
3,292
2,219
52
87
582
743
379
364
22
1,038
974
493
481
6
86
78
8
337
5,324
57
5,268
1,356
1,554
350
1,204
112
301
103
198
2,468
1,176
484
691
553
1,977
358
1,620
7
96
50
47
326
9,518
56
9,462
5,934
1,745
162
2,190
16
738
2,190
475
207
738
140
20
17
647
1
646
384
50
11
486
9
477
91
22
44
391
14
376
75
44
14
707
707
Precision
production,
craft,
and
repair
2,798
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-22. Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
May 2001
Nonagricultural industries
Agriculture
Wage and salary workers
Age and sex
Wage and
salary
workers
Selfemployed
workers
Unpaid
family
workers
Private industries
Total
Total
Total, 16 years and over....
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
2,080
211
78
132
318
546
531
253
158
62
1,264
25
21
4
27
137
297
293
265
220
36
4
4
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
1,507
155
58
97
239
396
370
193
111
43
926
23
19
4
23
129
197
199
181
174
29
4
4
573
56
21
35
79
150
161
60
47
19
338
2
2
4
8
100
94
84
46
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
9
6
6
4
9
6
4
Private
household
workers
Other
private
industries
Government
Selfemployed
workers
Unpaid
family
workers
123,166
6,332
2,381
3,951
12,565
27,807
33,362
27,638
12,292
3,170
104,061
6,050
2,314
3,736
11,518
24,186
28,076
21,793
9,820
2,617
792
96
49
48
115
123
172
135
94
58
103,268
5,954
2,266
3,688
11,404
24,063
27,904
21,658
9,726
2,559
19,106
282
66
215
1,047
3,621
5,286
5,845
2,472
553
8,555
54
11
44
201
1,384
2,338
2,459
1,455
663
100
64,424
3,138
1,162
1,976
6,423
14,924
17,637
14,148
6,423
1,732
56,207
3,007
1,120
1,887
5,997
13,343
15,406
11,633
5,358
1,463
28
6
4
1
4
9
5
3
2
56,179
3,002
1,116
1,886
5,993
13,334
15,401
11,630
5,356
1,463
8,218
131
42
89
426
1,581
2,231
2,515
1,065
269
5,216
39
6
32
114
759
1,412
1,571
879
443
28
58,742
3,194
1,219
1,975
6,142
12,883
15,725
13,490
5,869
1,438
47,854
3,043
1,194
1,848
5,522
10,844
12,670
10,160
4,462
1,154
764
91
44
46
111
114
168
132
92
58
47,090
2,952
1,150
1,802
5,411
10,729
12,503
10,028
4,370
1,096
10,888
151
25
127
621
2,040
3,054
3,330
1,407
285
3,339
16
4
12
87
625
926
889
576
220
72
55
2
16
14
34
6
29
2
2
3
2
19
14
11
32
6
10
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-23.
Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by hours of work
May 2001
Thousands of persons
Hours of work
All
industries
Total, 16 years and over
1 to 34 hours
1 to 4 hours
5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 hours
35 hours and over
35 to 39 hours
40 hours
41 hours and over
41 to 48 hours
49 to 59 hours
60 hours and over
Average hours, total at work
Average hours, persons who usually work full time
Agriculture
Percent distribution
Nonagricultural
industries
All
industries
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
131,238
3,304
127,934
100.0
100.0
100.0
29,140
1,231
4,594
14,684
8,631
833
74
233
360
166
28,307
1,157
4,361
14,324
8,465
22.2
.9
3.5
11.2
6.6
25.2
2.2
7.0
10.9
5.0
22.1
.9
3.4
11.2
6.6
102,098
8,954
53,778
39,366
14,133
14,333
10,900
2,471
190
903
1,377
238
432
708
99,627
8,764
52,875
37,988
13,895
13,901
10,192
77.8
6.8
41.0
30.0
10.8
10.9
8.3
74.8
5.8
27.3
41.7
7.2
13.1
21.4
77.9
6.9
41.3
29.7
10.9
10.9
8.0
39.7
43.4
43.0
49.0
39.6
43.3
A-24. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working less than 35 hours and usual
full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
May 2001
All industries
Nonagricultural industries
Reason for working less than 35 hours
Total, 16 years and over
Economic reasons
Slack work or business conditions
Could only find part-time work
Seasonal work
Job started or ended during week
Noneconomic reasons
Child-care problems
Other family or personal obligations
Health or medical limitations
In school or training
Retired or Social Security limit on earnings
Vacation or personal day
Holiday, legal or religious
Weather-related curtailment
All other reasons
Average hours:
Economic reasons
Other reasons
Total
Usually
work
full time
Usually
work
part time
Total
29,140
8,265
20,876
28,307
8,040
20,268
3,270
2,094
917
116
143
1,291
1,070
1,978
1,024
917
38
3,124
1,989
891
102
142
1,224
1,012
1,900
977
891
32
25,871
902
5,828
750
6,609
1,927
3,249
55
125
6,426
6,974
103
809
18,897
799
5,020
750
6,436
1,927
6,816
103
792
3,249
55
125
2,461
3,965
25,184
896
5,671
734
6,453
1,800
3,189
55
99
6,287
3,189
55
99
2,411
3,876
23.1
21.2
24.3
25.4
22.4
19.7
23.3
21.3
24.4
25.4
22.5
19.8
56
79
143
173
Usually
work
full time
70
142
167
Usually
work
part time
18,368
793
4,879
734
6,285
1,800
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-25. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
May 2001
Average hours
Worked 1 to 34 hours
For noneconomic
reasons
Total
at
work
Total
For
economic
reasons
Total, 16 years and over
127,934
28,307
Wage and salary workers
119,793
Industry and class of worker
Worked
35 hours
or more
Total
at
work
Persons who
usually work
full time
Usually
work
full
time
Usually
work
part
time
3,124
6,816
18,368
99,627
39.6
43.3
25,825
2,823
6,332
16,670
93,968
39.6
43.1
569
40
5
19
16
529
49.0
49.8
7,759
1,120
284
429
407
6,638
41.3
42.8
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
18,571
11,473
7,098
1,927
1,065
861
340
176
163
953
594
360
634
295
338
16,644
10,407
6,237
42.3
42.4
42.0
43.2
43.1
43.3
Transportation and public utilities ...
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
9,283
25,351
7,898
1,289
7,921
1,353
190
821
106
506
1,071
477
593
6,029
770
7,993
17,430
6,545
42.4
37.3
40.3
44.2
43.4
42.7
Service industries
Private households
All other industries
Public administration
44,387
768
43,619
5,975
11,386
409
10,977
788
1,040
56
984
36
2,416
55
2,360
462
7,930
298
7,632
290
33,002
359
32,643
5,187
38.3
29.8
38.5
41.4
42.7
39.9
42.8
42.6
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
8,042
100
2,408
74
297
4
480
3
1,631
67
5,633
25
40.3
27.3
46.7
Mining
Construction
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
57
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-26. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
May 2001
Worked 1 to 34 hours
Age, sex, race, and marital status
Average hours
For noneconomic
reasons
Total
at
work
Total
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
127,934
6,192
2,301
3,891
121,742
12,431
109,311
92,446
16,866
28,307
4,468
2,089
2,379
23,839
3,782
20,057
15,227
4,830
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
67,925
3,097
1,142
1,954
64,828
6,384
58,444
49,354
9,089
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
For
economic
reasons
Worked
35 hours
or more
Total
at
work
Persons who
usually work
full time
Usually
work
full
time
Usually
work
part
time
3,124
252
45
207
2,871
553
2,318
1,992
326
6,816
158
23
135
6,657
571
6,087
5,081
1,006
18,368
4,057
2,020
2,037
14,311
2,659
11,652
8,154
3,498
99,627
1,724
212
1,512
97,903
8,649
89,254
77,219
12,035
39.6
24.3
17.9
28.1
40.4
36.4
40.8
41.4
37.8
43.3
40.1
37.3
40.4
43.4
41.3
43.6
43.6
43.0
10,337
2,141
1,020
1,120
8,197
1,649
6,548
4,566
1,982
1,578
130
25
105
1,448
278
1,170
1,032
138
3,104
75
14
61
3,029
260
2,769
2,295
473
5,655
1,936
982
954
3,719
1,110
2,609
1,239
1,370
57,587
956
122
834
56,631
4,736
51,896
44,788
7,107
42.4
25.4
18.4
29.4
43.2
38.2
43.7
44.4
40.4
44.8
40.8
37.7
41.3
44.9
42.4
45.1
45.2
44.4
60,010
3,095
1,159
1,936
56,914
6,047
50,868
43,091
7,776
17,970
2,327
1,069
1,259
15,643
2,134
13,509
10,661
2,848
1,545
122
21
102
1,423
275
1,148
960
188
3,712
83
9
74
3,629
311
3,318
2,786
532
12,713
2,122
1,039
1,083
10,591
1,549
9,043
6,915
2,128
42,040
768
90
678
41,271
3,913
37,359
32,431
4,928
36.5
23.2
17.3
26.8
37.2
34.5
37.5
38.0
34.7
41.3
39.1
36.6
39.4
41.3
39.9
41.5
41.5
41.0
White, 16 years and over
Men
Women
106,813
57,726
49,087
24,171
8,828
15,343
2,402
1,250
1,152
5,718
2,723
2,995
16,051
4,855
11,197
82,642
48,898
33,744
39.6
42.6
36.2
43.5
45.0
41.4
Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women
14,758
6,790
7,969
2,869
1,041
1,828
532
234
298
838
284
554
1,499
523
975
11,889
5,748
6,141
39.1
40.8
37.7
41.7
43.1
40.5
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
41,006
8,367
18,552
4,200
1,113
5,024
636
229
713
1,878
430
796
1,686
454
3,515
36,807
7,253
13,528
44.3
43.0
37.9
45.5
44.7
43.0
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
31,955
12,190
15,865
9,517
2,873
5,580
585
364
596
1,997
905
810
6,935
1,604
4,174
22,438
9,317
10,285
36.4
38.7
34.8
41.2
41.8
41.2
TOTAL
Race
Marital status
58
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-27. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
May 2001
Average hours
Worked 1 to 34 hours
Occupation and sex
For noneconomic
reasons
Total
at
work
Total
For
economic
reasons
127,846
28,278
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
40,716
6,877
2,573
4,304
9,817
827
4,287
4,702
6,629
366
1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Total, 16 years and over1
Men, 16 years and over
1
Women, 16 years and over
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Total
at
work
Persons who
usually work
full time
Usually
work
full
time
Usually
work
part
time
3,106
6,814
18,357
99,568
39.6
43.3
1,459
405
168
237
759
53
345
361
886
51
45
789
395
662
246
168
248
2,337
1,070
1,267
2,079
288
734
1,057
791
44
106
641
790
817
354
217
246
4,135
1,335
2,800
6,979
487
3,207
3,285
4,953
270
216
4,466
589
1,702
311
425
965
33,839
17,315
16,525
27,760
3,487
11,101
13,172
11,055
324
1,995
8,737
12,846
14,067
5,750
4,810
3,508
42.0
43.6
40.4
37.9
39.7
38.9
36.6
34.9
29.4
42.8
33.9
41.9
40.5
40.5
43.8
36.7
44.7
45.4
43.9
42.4
42.3
44.5
40.6
42.0
39.3
45.4
41.3
43.0
43.2
41.7
46.2
41.6
67,676
10,231
1,559
3,096
5,576
57,446
42.4
44.8
20,557
10,873
9,684
2,205
938
1,267
2,448
301
904
442
463
661
157
306
198
251
1,087
398
689
1,578
121
988
469
1,358
45.1
46.2
43.8
41.8
41.9
42.9
39.3
37.9
46.7
47.3
46.0
44.9
43.5
46.5
42.5
43.4
78
174
736
543
172
200
171
111
1,247
420
1,133
106
304
723
18,352
9,935
8,417
11,187
1,707
6,486
2,994
5,044
5
1,671
3,368
11,796
11,067
3,785
4,434
2,848
19,888
20,828
37,577
4,314
15,388
17,875
17,684
689
2,363
14,632
368
5,896
1,774
14,620
17,248
3,181
911
811
6,661
5,621
4,967
13,311
13,225
4,213
5,077
231
1,671
1,515
2,158
428
643
3,935
1,087
214
98
115
209
23
98
88
295
4
42
250
360
482
150
140
192
60,170
18,047
1,548
3,719
12,781
42,123
36.4
41.3
20,159
4,672
1,635
3,037
191
70
122
550
29
248
273
590
47
4
539
36
180
96
29
56
1,433
628
804
1,418
131
428
859
540
44
28
467
54
274
182
17
75
3,048
937
2,111
5,401
366
2,219
2,816
3,594
270
105
3,219
170
568
205
122
241
15,487
7,380
8,108
16,573
1,780
4,616
10,178
6,011
319
324
5,369
1,051
3,000
1,964
376
660
38.8
40.5
37.5
35.7
37.8
34.8
35.9
33.0
29.4
36.0
33.1
39.0
37.3
38.3
37.4
34.8
42.3
42.9
41.8
40.6
41.1
41.9
40.0
40.8
39.3
41.4
40.9
42.1
40.4
40.2
43.5
39.5
13,635
2,008
7,878
1,392
755
3,749
6,949
9
1,901
5,039
1,905
4
9,015
11,144
23,942
2,307
7,510
7,369
527
2,894
3,948
4,724
362
137
4,225
14,126
10,736
681
461
9,594
1,310
4,023
2,448
544
1,032
259
1,023
483
168
372
Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.
Worked
35 hours
or more
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
59
(2)
(2)
44.4
35.5
42.2
41.5
41.8
44.5
37.2
46.2
42.0
43.1
44.0
42.6
46.4
42.1
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-28. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men
Marital status, race, and age
Thousands of
persons
Women
Unemployment
rates
May
2000
May
2000
May
2001
Total, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
2,729
765
378
1,586
3,143
1,056
370
1,717
3.6
1.7
4.0
7.3
White, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
1,953
563
286
2,297
791
275
1,104
1,231
Black, 16 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
615
148
658
Unemployment
rates
May
2000
May
2001
4.2
2.4
4.0
8.0
2,705
883
539
1,284
2,703
918
569
1,216
4.1
2.5
4.1
7.3
4.1
2.6
4.3
6.9
3.1
1.5
3.7
6.3
3.6
2.0
3.6
7.1
1,894
718
385
792
1,933
737
377
819
3.5
2.4
3.7
6.1
3.6
2.5
3.6
6.2
71
181
67
7.9
4.3
5.5
396
410
13.1
8.5
4.9
5.7
14.4
667
104
132
431
636
125
153
358
7.6
3.6
5.8
11.7
7.2
4.2
6.9
9.8
Total, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
1,586
724
352
509
1,916
969
350
598
2.5
1.7
3.8
4.4
3.0
2.2
3.9
5.3
1,668
770
499
399
1,745
826
532
387
3.0
2.3
3.9
4.5
3.2
2.5
4.1
4.3
White, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
1,168
544
260
364
1,396
720
259
418
2.2
1.5
3.5
4.1
2.6
1.9
3.5
4.6
1,181
618
357
206
1,246
656
353
237
2.6
2.1
3.5
3.4
2.8
2.3
3.5
3.9
Black, 25 years and over
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
315
130
70
388
173
63
115
152
4.9
3.9
5.5
6.3
6.0
4.8
5.4
8.9
387
93
123
170
397
114
142
140
5.3
3.4
5.6
7.3
5.3
4.0
6.5
5.9
60
May
2001
Thousands of
persons
May
2000
May
2001
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-29. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation
Unemployment rates
Total
Total
May
2000
Men
May
2001
Women
May
2001
May
2000
May
2000
May
2001
5,435
5,846
3.9
4.1
3.6
4.2
4.1
4.1
700
326
374
790
416
373
1.7
1.6
1.7
1.8
2.0
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.9
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
2.0
1.6
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
1,495
114
697
684
1,507
130
714
663
3.6
2.6
4.1
3.5
3.7
2.8
4.3
3.5
2.9
2.0
2.7
3.6
3.5
2.7
3.5
4.0
4.1
3.2
5.5
3.5
3.9
3.0
5.1
3.3
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
1,031
49
62
5.4
5.4
2.6
5.8
5.0
5.2
2.6
5.3
5.7
920
957
39
65
853
2.3
6.9
5.3
(2)
3.1
6.0
5.1
5.0
3.8
5.2
4.8
4.7
.5
5.0
482
111
256
115
635
142
341
152
3.1
2.2
4.1
2.8
4.1
2.8
5.3
3.6
3.0
2.1
3.9
2.5
3.9
2.7
5.2
3.2
4.6
3.9
8.6
4.0
5.5
5.1
10.4
4.8
1,103
362
192
549
120
429
1,281
529
224
528
113
415
5.8
4.8
3.4
9.6
11.1
9.2
6.7
7.2
3.7
9.4
10.7
9.1
5.4
4.0
3.4
9.2
11.1
8.7
6.3
6.9
3.5
9.2
10.7
8.8
7.0
6.0
3.8
11.0
8.1
7.8
5.7
10.0
Farming, forestry, and fishing
167
208
4.4
5.6
3.9
4.7
No previous work experience
451
308
90
53
455
293
78
84
Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
1
Includes a small number of persons whose last job was in the Armed
Forces.
2
61
May
2000
(2)
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
May
2001
11.0
(2)
10.0
5.9
9.0
(2)
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-30. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry
Total, 16 years and over
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Unemployment rates
Total
Total
May
2000
Men
May
2000
Women
May
2000
May
2001
5,435
5,846
3.9
4.1
3.6
4.2
4,316
4,718
4.0
4.3
3.7
4.3
May
2001
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
4.1
4.1
4.3
4.3
1
Mining
Construction
20
393
31
454
3.7
5.2
4.9
5.7
4.1
5.2
4.0
5.9
( )
5.1
9.8
4.4
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery and computing equipment
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies
Transportation equipment
Automobiles
Other transportation equipment
Professional and photographic equipment
Other durable goods industries
719
434
33
32
21
17
45
84
50
76
32
43
18
58
928
589
44
23
34
37
73
90
115
86
49
37
13
74
3.5
3.5
4.4
5.1
3.4
2.0
3.7
3.4
2.6
3.1
2.4
4.0
2.4
7.7
4.7
4.8
6.8
3.9
5.9
4.7
5.1
3.6
5.5
3.9
4.1
3.7
1.7
9.8
3.2
3.3
4.0
5.1
3.8
1.6
3.7
3.7
1.9
3.1
2.1
4.4
1.0
6.7
4.3
4.5
7.2
1.4
5.6
4.6
5.4
3.9
4.3
3.6
3.9
3.4
.7
11.8
4.2
4.0
6.0
5.1
1.6
3.6
3.6
2.3
3.5
3.0
3.3
2.4
5.1
9.3
5.3
5.4
5.2
8.6
6.7
5.3
4.2
2.8
7.5
4.7
4.8
4.7
3.8
6.8
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Other nondurable goods industries
285
72
18
52
6
68
24
31
14
339
60
50
45
18
80
43
28
16
3.6
4.4
3.3
7.4
1.0
3.9
1.8
3.3
4.4
4.5
3.6
9.7
7.1
2.7
4.6
3.5
3.3
4.9
3.0
2.5
3.7
7.1
1.3
3.5
2.2
3.8
3.4
3.9
2.5
9.3
8.7
.6
5.1
3.2
4.2
3.7
4.5
7.8
3.0
7.6
4.3
1.2
2.2
6.2
5.2
5.5
10.2
6.1
7.5
4.0
4.2
1.3
7.6
217
146
71
1,346
153
1,193
181
1,440
554
885
274
177
97
1,389
146
1,243
171
1,470
535
936
2.8
3.1
2.3
4.9
3.0
5.4
2.2
4.0
2.6
5.9
3.3
3.5
3.0
5.1
2.9
5.6
2.1
4.0
2.5
6.3
2.7
2.9
2.3
4.1
2.1
4.7
1.9
4.0
2.2
5.3
3.2
3.7
2.2
4.7
2.4
5.4
1.8
4.3
2.0
6.1
3.0
3.5
2.4
5.9
4.8
6.0
2.4
4.0
2.8
6.6
3.7
3.0
4.5
5.5
4.0
5.7
2.3
3.9
2.7
6.5
123
546
451
135
538
455
5.4
1.8
_
6.1
1.8
_
5.2
1.7
_
5.0
2.1
__
6.0
2.0
_
8.8
1.6
_
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and other public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Service industries
Professional services
Other service industries
Agricultural wage and salary workers
Government, self-employed, and unpaid family workers
No previous work experience
1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
62
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-31. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
Reason
Women,
20 years
and over
Men,
20 years
and over
Total,
16 years
and over
Both sexes,
16 to 19
years
Black
White
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
5,435
2,182
646
1,536
1,060
476
694
2,108
451
5,846
2,802
801
2,001
1,502
499
733
1,856
455
2,200
1,218
349
869
605
264
261
642
79
2,588
1,596
485
1,112
846
266
372
566
53
2,208
849
260
589
404
186
344
951
64
2,245
1,053
267
786
592
193
313
770
109
1,027
115
37
78
51
27
89
515
308
1,013
153
49
103
63
40
48
519
293
3,847
1,571
505
1,066
750
316
547
1,423
306
4,230 1,281 1,294
2,060 493
594
120
110
651
474
384
1,409
313
257
1,097
161
126
312
163
109
534
454
562
1,302
83
117
334
40.2
11.9
28.3
12.8
38.8
8.3
47.9
13.7
34.2
12.5
31.7
7.8
55.4
15.9
39.5
11.9
29.2
3.6
61.7
18.7
43.0
14.4
21.9
2.1
38.5
11.8
26.7
15.6
43.0
2.9
46.9
11.9
35.0
13.9
34.3
4.9
11.2
3.6
7.6
8.6
50.2
30.0
15.1
4.9
10.2
4.7
51.3
28.9
40.8
13.1
27.7
14.2
37.0
8.0
48.7
15.4
33.3
12.6
30.8
7.9
38.5
8.6
29.9
8.5
43.9
9.1
45.9
9.3
36.7
12.6
35.0
6.4
1.6
.5
1.5
.3
2.0
.5
1.3
.3
1.7
.4
2.2
.5
1.4
.6
1.5
.1
1.7
.5
1.2
.2
1.4
1.1
6.3
3.8
2.0
.6
6.8
3.8
1.3
.5
1.2
.3
1.8
.5
1.1
.3
3.0
.7
3.4
.7
3.6
1.0
2.7
.5
May
2000
May
2001
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
63
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-32. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
May 2001
Total unemployed
Duration of unemployment
Reason, sex, and age
15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons
Percent
Less than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
Total
15 to 26
weeks
27 weeks
and over
Total, 16 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
5,846
2,802
801
2,001
1,502
499
733
1,856
455
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
45.4
44.8
55.8
40.3
37.2
49.8
51.1
43.5
47.5
28.6
28.0
24.1
29.5
30.5
26.5
30.7
28.6
29.1
26.0
27.3
20.1
30.1
32.3
23.6
18.2
27.8
23.5
15.7
18.2
17.7
18.4
19.3
15.7
10.9
14.9
11.0
10.3
9.1
2.5
11.7
13.0
7.9
7.3
12.9
Men, 20 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
2,588
1,596
485
1,112
846
266
372
566
53
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
41.3
43.5
54.5
38.6
37.7
41.8
47.2
32.3
30.0
27.1
24.0
28.5
28.2
29.4
36.2
35.4
28.6
29.4
21.4
32.9
34.1
28.9
16.6
32.3
16.5
19.0
18.8
19.0
18.9
19.5
7.4
15.9
12.2
10.4
2.6
13.8
15.2
9.3
9.2
16.4
Women, 20 years and over
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
2,245
1,053
267
786
592
193
313
770
109
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
45.1
44.2
54.0
40.9
35.8
56.4
51.0
43.9
46.4
27.7
28.9
26.4
29.8
31.7
24.1
27.1
26.3
27.4
27.1
26.9
19.6
29.3
32.5
19.5
21.9
29.8
26.1
16.9
18.7
16.9
19.4
21.8
11.8
16.6
15.0
14.0
10.2
8.1
2.7
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
On temporary layoff
Not on temporary layoff
Permanent job losers
Persons who completed temporary jobs
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
1,013
153
49
103
63
40
48
519
293
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
56.1
62.1
(1)
54.6
27.0
29.8
(1)
38.4
16.9
8.1
(1)
7.0
11.0
6.5
(1)
4.7
5.9
1.6
(1)
2.3
!
55.1
50.5
24.8
31.9
()
20.1
17.6
1
1
12.5
1
1
1
10.0
10.7
7.7
5.3
14.8
12.2
()
)
6.4
7.5
13.7
10.1
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
A-33. Unemployed total and full-time workers by duration of unemployment
Total
Duration of unemployment
Total 16 years and over ..
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
5 to 10 weeks
11 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
27 to 51 weeks
52 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration in weeks
Median duration in weeks
Full-time workers
Percent distribution
Thousands of persons
Thousands of persons
Percent distribution
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
5,435
2,516
1,563
1.091
472
1,356
731
625
299
326
5,846
2,652
1,673
1,175
498
1.521
917
604
289
315
100.0
46.3
28.8
20.1
8.7
25.0
13.5
11.5
5.5
6.0
100.0
45.4
28.6
20.1
8.5
26.0
15.7
10.3
5.0
5.4
4,376
1,898
1,290
871
419
1,188
634
554
261
292
4,876
2.124
1,408
983
425
1,345
792
552
255
297
100.0
43.4
29.5
19.9
9.6
27.1
14.5
12.7
6.0
6.7
100.0
43.6
28.9
20.2
8.7
27.6
16.2
11.3
5.2
61
12.8
5.7
12.4
6.2
13.8
6.6
13.1
6.8
64
_
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-34. Unemployed persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment
May 2001
Thousands of persons
Sex, age, race, and
marital status
Total
Weeks
15 weeks and over
Less
than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
Total
15 to 26
weeks
27 weeks
and over
Average
(mean)
duration
Median
duration
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
5,846
1,013
1,172
1,250
1,182
805
347
78
2,652
568
613
568
466
277
132
28
1,673
274
330
384
353
235
85
13
1,521
171
229
299
364
293
130
37
917
111
127
184
210
193
73
19
604
60
101
114
154
100
57
18
12.4
8.7
10.4
11.9
14.2
15.5
16.1
20.9
6.2
3.9
4.3
6.0
7.6
10.1
8.5
13.1
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
3,143
555
671
607
654
399
214
42
1,368
298
311
273
262
132
77
15
920
143
200
199
218
106
46
8
855
114
160
136
174
161
91
19
497
71
77
82
106
107
49
6
358
43
83
54
68
54
42
13
12.9
10.2
11.8
12.2
12.5
16.5
18.0
6.7
4.2
6.6
6.1
6.8
10.5
9.4
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
2,703
458
500
643
527
406
133
36
1,284
270
302
295
204
145
55
13
752
130
129
185
134
129
40
4
667
57
69
163
189
132
38
18
421
41
51
103
104
86
24
13
246
17
18
60
86
46
14
5
11.8
6.9
8.6
11.6
16.4
14.5
13.0
5.5
3.5
3.5
6.0
8.8
9.8
7.2
White, 16 years and over
Men
Women
4,230
2,297
1,933
2,024
1,093
931
1,177
621
557
1,028
583
445
663
363
300
365
220
145
11.1
11.6
10.5
5.2
5.3
5.1
Black, 16 years and over
Men
Women
1,294
658
636
488
206
281
399
235
164
407
216
191
205
98
107
203
118
84
16.4
17.3
15.5
8.7
9.5
7.5
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
1,056
370
1,717
400
140
828
320
112
488
336
118
400
218
73
205
118
45
195
13.5
15.9
11.9
7.9
8.1
5.2
W o m e n , 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated ...
Single (never married)
918
569
1,216
378
256
650
265
147
341
275
166
226
194
92
135
81
75
90
12.7
14.0
10.1
7.3
6.9
4.1
Race
Marital status
Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
65
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-35.
Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
May 2001
Thousands of persons
Occupation and industry
Weeks
15 weeks and over
Average
(mean)
duration
Less
than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
790
1,507
957
635
1,281
208
323
689
467
294
579
84
228
425
279
202
357
36
238
393
211
140
344
88
162
229
131
96
198
52
76
164
81
44
146
36
12.5
12.7
11.5
10.8
12.7
16.3
7.7
6.2
5.1
5.5
6.1
8.1
135
481
931
589
342
299
1,395
183
1,647
93
56
255
348
240
108
117
682
85
796
21
26
101
293
188
105
97
421
49
435
32
53
125
290
161
129
84
293
49
416
40
25
82
176
98
78
45
177
24
273
22
28
43
113
63
50
39
116
25
144
18
16.7
12.3
13.3
12.6
14.5
13.3
11.2
12.8
12.1
16.2
7.6
4.2
7.7
6.6
9.3
7.7
4.9
5.3
5.4
12.6
455
216
132
107
50
57
12.7
5.7
Total
Total
15 to 26
weeks
27 weeks
and over
Median
duration
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
INDUSTRY1
Agriculture
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Public administration
No previous work experience
Includes w a g e and salary workers only.
A-36. Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex
(In thousands)
Sex
Total
Category
May
2000
Total not in the labor force
Do not want a job now1
Want a job 1
Did not search for work in previous year
Searched for work in previous year2
Not available to work now
Available to work now
Reason not currently looking:
Discouragement over job prospects3
Reasons other than discouragement
Family responsibilities
In school or training
Ill health or disability
Other4
May
2001
16 to 24
years
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
55 years
and over
May
2001
May
2000
Men
May
2001
May
2000
Women
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
68,975 70,477 12,087 12,937 18,753 19,379 38,135 38,161 25,638 26,410 43,337 44,067
63,986 65,316 9,690 10,370 16,913 17,539 37,384 37,407 23,416 24,058 40,570 41,258
754 2,222 2,352 2,767 2,810
1,840
752
4,989 5,161 2,397 2,567 1,841
1,358
1,082
1,273
576 1,303
1,086
622
2,977 3,021
1,721
1,674
1,300
1,209
1,124
754
130
759
2,012 2,141
178
920 1,052
1,093
1,089
244
702
897
991
22
209
666
382
45
515
578
413
507
1,149
458
550
1,116
133
509
108
578
639
538
510
282
834
98
189
75
472
325
824
109
220
66
429
97
361
14
162
2
183
1
110
397
19
205
10
164
152
398
76
25
65
232
171
339
78
16
36
208
34
74
8
45
88
11
8
57
20
57
163
375
16
108
45
206
236
403
24
142
33
204
119
459
82
81
30
266
89
421
85
78
33
225
discrimination.
4
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for
such reasons as child-care and transportation problems, as well as a small
number for which reason for nonparticipation was not ascertained.
Includes some persons who are not asked if they want a job.
Persons who had a job in the prior 12 months must have searched since
the end of that job.
3
Includes believes no work available, could not find work, lacks necessary
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of
2
25 to 54
years
66
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-37. Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics
(Numbers in thousands)
Men
Both sexes
Characteristic
Rate1
Number
Number
Women
Rate1
Number
Rate1
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
7,710
310
7,400
756
6,644
5,804
839
695
144
7,482
295
7,187
779
6,408
5,611
797
667
131
5.7
4.3
5.8
5.8
5.8
6.0
4.7
5.1
3.5
5.5
4.5
5.6
5.9
5.6
5.8
4.4
4.7
3.2
4,059
147
3,912
343
3,569
3,090
479
390
89
3,880
128
3,752
353
3,399
2,978
421
344
77
5.6
4.0
5.7
5.0
5.8
6.0
4.9
5.3
3.7
5.4
3.8
5.5
5.2
5.5
5.7
4.2
4.5
3.2
3,650
162
3,488
413
3,075
2,715
360
306
55
3,602
167
3,435
426
3,009
2,633
376
322
54
5.8
4.7
5.9
6.8
5.8
6.0
4.5
4.9
3.1
5.7
5.1
5.7
6.8
5.6
5.8
4.5
4.9
3.1
6,714
746
465
6,392
814
500
5.9
4.9
3.2
5.6
5.3
3.4
3,628
311
292
3,319
421
320
5.9
4.4
3.4
5.4
6.0
3.7
3,086
436
173
3,073
393
180
6.0
5.3
2.9
5.9
4.8
2.9
4,307
1,313
2,089
4,201
1,279
2,003
5.6
6.0
5.7
5.4
5.9
5.5
2,546
489
1,025
2,432
476
972
5.9
5.4
5.1
5.6
5.3
4.9
1,761
825
1,064
1,769
803
1,031
5.2
6.5
6.5
5.2
6.3
6.3
4,319
1,590
278
1,460
3,942
1,640
274
1,585
2,531
517
206
777
2,270
540
184
879
1,788
1,072
72
683
1,672
1,100
91
705
AGE
Total, 16 years and over2
16 to 19 years
20 years and over
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
55 to 64 years
65 years and over
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White
Black
Hispanic origin
MARITAL STATUS
Married, spouse present
Widowed, divorced, or separated
Single (never married)
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Primary job full time, secondary job part time ...
Primary and secondary jobs both part time
Primary and secondary jobs both full time
Hours vary on primary or secondary job
1
Multiple jobholders as a percent of all employed persons in specified
group.
2
Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary
job and full time on their secondary jobs(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics
are included in both the white and black population groups.
67
HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-38. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
May
2000
May
2001
Unemployed
Employed
Total
Veteran status
and age
Percent of
labor force
Number
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
May
2000
May
2001
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 40 years and over
40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 years and over
7,708
5,008
354
1,589
3,065
2,700
7,654
4,454
175
1,282
2,997
3,200
6,154
4,303
294
1,378
2,631
1,851
5,959
3,819
146
1,108
2,566
2,140
6,051
4,217
289
1,348
2,581
1,833
5,807
3,716
143
1,064
2,509
2,091
103
86
5
30
50
18
152
103
3
44
56
49
1.7
2.0
1.8
2.2
1.9
1.0
2.5
2.7
1.9
3.9
2.2
2.3
22,280
9,604
7,730
4,946
23,456
9,819
8,236
5,402
20,239
8,825
7,064
4,350
21,317
9,085
7,487
4,744
19,809
8,620
6,929
4,259
20,753
8,804
7,334
4,614
430
205
135
90
564
281
153
130
2.1
2.3
1.9
2.1
2.6
3.1
2.0
2.7
NONVETERANS
Total, 40 to 54 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
have never served in the Armed Forces.
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men who
68
Need information from the Bureau of Labor Statistics?
You can get it now on the WEB.
Here are the Bureau's addresses.
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Division of Information Services.;
BLS Regional Offices
http://stats.bls.gov
http://stats.bls.gov/opbinfo.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/regnhome.htm
Employment and UnemploymentEmployment, hours, and earnings by industry
National
State and area
National labor force statistics
Region, State, and metropolitan area
labor force data
Longitudinal research
Covered employment and wages
Occupational employment statistics
Mass layoff statistics
http://stats.bls.gov/ceshome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/790home.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/cpshome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/lauhome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/nlshome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/cewhome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/oeshome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/lauhome.htm
Prices and Living Conditions:
Consumer price indexes
Producer price indexes
Consumer Expenditure Survey
http://stats.bls.gov/cpihome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/ppihome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/csxhome.htm
Compensation and Working Conditions:
National Compensation Survey
Collective bargaining
Employment cost trends
Employee Benefits Survey
Occupational Compensation Survey
Safety and health
http://stats.bls.gov/comhome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/cbahome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/ecthome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/ebshome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/ocshome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/oshhome.htm
Productivity:
Quarterly labor productivity
Industry productivity
Multifactor productivity
http://stats.bls.gov/lprhome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/iprhome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/mprhome.htm
Employment Projections
http://stats.bls.gov/emphome.htm
International data:
Foreign labor statistics
U.S. import and export price indexes
http://stats.bls.gov/flshome.htm
http://stats.bls.gov/ipphome.htm
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT
B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1950 to date
(In thousands)
Goods-producing
Year
and
month
Total
Total
private
Total
Mining
Service-producing
Construc- Manufaction
turing
Total
Transportation
and
public
utilities
Wholesale
trade
Retail
trade
Finance,
insurance,
and
real
estate
Government
Services
Federal
State
Local
Annual averages
(D
(D
1950.
1951 .
1952 ..
1953.
1954 .
1955 .,
1956 .,
1957..
1958..
1959 2
45,197
47,819
48,793
50,202
48,990
50,641
52,369
52,855
51,322
53,270
39,170
41,430
42,185
43,556
42,238
43,727
45,091
45,239
43,483
45,186
18,506
19,959
20,198
21,074
19,751
20,513
21,104
20,967
19,513
20,411
901
929
898
866
791
792
822
828
751
732
2,364
2,637
2,668
2,659
2,646
2,839
3,039
2,962
2,817
3,004
15,241
16,393
16,632
17,549
16,314
16,882
17,243
17,176
15,945
16,675
26,691
27,860
28,595
29,128
29,239
30,128
31,264
31,889
31,811
32,857
4,034
4,226
4,248
4,290
4,084
4,141
4,244
4,241
3,976
4,011
2,643
2,735
2,821
2,862
2,875
2,934
3,027
3,037
2,989
3,092
6,743
7,007
7,184
7,385
7,360
7,601
7,831
7,848
7,761
8,035
1,888
1,956
2,035
2,111
2,200
2,298
2,389
2,438
2,481
2,549
5,356
5,547
5,699
5,835
5,969
6,240
6,497
6,708
6,765
7,087
1,928
2,302
2,420
2,305
2,188
2,187
2,209
2,217
2,191
2,233
(1)
1,168
1,250
1,328
1,415
1,484
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
3,558
3,819
4,071
4,232
4,366
1960..
1961 ..
1962..
1963 ..
1964..
1965 ..
1966..
1967..
1968..
1969..
54,189
53,999
55,549
56,653
58,283
60,763
63,901
65,803
67,897
70,384
45,836
45,404
46,660
47,429
48,686
50,689
53,116
54,413
56,058
58,189
20,434
19,857
20,451
20,640
21,005
21,926
23,158
23,308
23,737
24,361
712
672
650
635
634
632
627
613
606
619
2,926
2,859
2,948
3,010
3,097
3,232
3,317
3,248
3,350
3,575
16,796
16,326
16,853
16,995
17,274
18,062
19,214
19,447
19,781
20,167
33,755
34,142
35,098
36,013
37,278
38,839
40,743
42,495
44,158
46,023
4,004
3,903
3,906
3,903
3,951
4,036
4,158
4,268
4,318
4,442
3,153
3,142
3,207
3,258
3,347
3,477
3,608
3,700
3,791
3,919
8,238
8,195
8,359
8,520
8,812
9,239
9,637
9,906
10,308
10,785
2,628
2,688
2,754
2,830
2,911
2,977
3,058
3,185
3,337
3,512
7,378
7,619
7,982
8,277
8,660
9,036
9,498
10,045
10,567
11,169
2,270
2,279
2,340
2,358
2,348
2,378
2,564
2,719
2,737
2,758
1,536
1,607
1,668
1,747
1,856
1,996
2,141
2,302
2,442
2,533
4,547
4,708
4,881
5,121
5,392
5,700
6,080
6,371
6,660
6,904
1970..
1971 ..
1972..
1973..
1974..
1975 .
1976..
1977..
1978 ..
1979 .
70,880
71,211
73,675
76,790
78,265
76,945
79,382
82,471
86,697
89,823
58,325
58,331
60,341
63,058
64,095
62,259
64,511
67,344
71,026
73,876
23,578
22,935
23,668
24,893
24,794
22,600
23,352
24,346
25,585
26,461
623
609
628
642
697
752
779
813
851
958
3,588
3,704
3,889
4,097
4,020
3,525
3,576
3,851
4,229
4,463
19,367
18,623
19,151
20,154
20,077
18,323
18,997
19,682
20,505
21,040
47,302
48,276
50,007
51,897
53,471
54,345
56,030
58,125
61,113
63,363
4,515
4,476
4,541
4,656
4,725
4,542
4,582
4,713
4,923
5,136
4,006
4,014
4,127
4,291
4,447
4,430
4,562
4,723
4,985
5,221
11,034
11,338
11,822
12,315
12,539
12,630
13,193
13,792
14,556
14,972
3,645
3,772
3,908
4,046
4,148
4,165
4,271
4,467
4,724
4,975
11,548
11.797
12,276
12,857
13,441
13,892
14,551
15,302
16,252
17,112
2,731
2,696
2,684
2,663
2,724
2,748
2,733
2,727
2,753
2,773
2,664
2,747
2,859
2,923
3,039
3,179
3,273
3,377
3,474
3,541
7,158
7,437
7,790
8,146
8,407
8,758
8,865
9,023
9,446
9,633
1980.
1981 .
1982.
1983.
1984.
1985.
1986.
1987.
1988.
1989.
90,406
91,152
89,544
90,152
94,408
97,387
99,344
101,958
105,209
107,884
74,166
75,121
73,707
74,282
78,384
80,992
82,651
84,948
87,823
90,105
25,658
25,497
23,812
23,330
24,718
24,842
24,533
24,674
25,125
25,254
1,027
1,139
1,128
952
966
927
111
1\1
713
692
4,346
4,188
3,904
3,946
4,380
4,668
4,810
4,958
5,098
5,171
20,285
20,170
18,780
18,432
19,372
19,248
18,947
18,999
19,314
19,391
64,748
65,655
65,732
66,821
69,690
72,544
74,811
77,284
80,084
82,630
5,146
5,165
5,081
4,952
5,156
5,233
5,247
5,362
5,512
5,614
5,292
5,375
5,295
5,283
5,568
5,727
5,761
5,848
6,030
6,187
15,018
15,171
15,158
15,587
16,512
17,315
17,880
18,422
19,023
19,475
5,160
5,298
5,340
5,466
5,684
5,948
6,273
6,533
6,630
6,668
17,890
18,615
19,021
19,664
20,746
21,927
22,957
24,110
25,504
26,907
2,866
2,772
2,739
2,774
2,807
2,875
2,899
2,943
2,971
2,988
3,610
3,640
3,640
3,662
3,734
3,832
3,893
3,967
4,076
4,182
9,765
9,619
9,458
9,434
9,482
9,687
9,901
10,100
10,339
10,609
1990.
1991 .
1992.
1993.
1994.
1995 .
1996.
1997.
1998.
1999.
109,403
108,249
108,601
110,713
114,163
117,191
119,608
122,690
125,865
128,916
91,098
89,847
89,956
91,872
95,036
97,885
100,189
103,133
106,042
108,709
24,905
23,745
23,231
23,352
23,908
24,265
24,493
24,962
25,414
25,507
709
689
635
610
601
581
580
596
590
539
5,120
4,650
4,492
4,668
4,986
5,160
5,418
5,691
6,020
6,415
19,076
18,406
18,104
18,075
18,321
18,524
18,495
18,675
18,805
18,552
84,497
84,504
85,370
87,361
90,256
92,925
95,115
97,727
100,451
103,409
5,777
5,755
5,718
5,811
5,984
6,132
6,253
6,408
6,611
6,834
6,173
6,081
5,997
5,981
6,162
6,378
6,482
6,648
6,800
6,911
19,601
19,284
19,356
19,773
20,507
21,187
21,597
21,966
22,295
22,848
6,709
6,646
6,602
6,757
6,896
6,806
6,911
7,109
7,389
7,555
27,934
28,336
29,052
30,197
31,579
33,117
34,454
36,040
37,533
39,055
3,085
2,966
2,969
2,915
2,870
2,822
2,757
2,699
2,686
2,669
4,305
4,355
4,408
4,488
4,576
4,635
4,606
4,582
4,612
4,709
10,914
11,081
11,267
11,438
11,682
11,849
12,056
12,276
12,525
12,829
2000 .
131,759
111,079
25,709
543
6,698
18,469
106,050
7,019
7,024
23,307
7,560
40,460
2,777
4,785
13,119
(1)
(D
Monthly data, seasonally adjusted
2000:
May
June
July
August
September
October
November.
December.
2001:
January
February ...
March
ApriP
MayP
131,909
131,969
131,899
131,837
132,046
132,145
132,279
132,367
110,795
111,029
111,180
111,237
111,463
111,564
111,689
111,753
25,683
25,727
25,774
25,727
25,696
25,713
25,711
25,688
542
543
542
543
547
551
548
548
6,648
6,663
6,678
6,699
6,728
6,758
6,781
6,791
18,493
18,521
18,554
18,485
18,421
18,404
18,382
18,349
106,226
106,242
106,125
106,110
106,350
106,432
106,568
106,679
6,997
7,015
7,034
6,963
7,062
7,076
7,093
7,108
7,006
7,019
7,030
7,037
7,042
7,059
7,070
7,068
23,247
23,280
23,311
23,348
23,371
23,380
23,395
23,406
7,550
7,541
7,536
7,549
7.556
7,569
7,575
7,582
40,312
40,447
40,495
40,613
40,736
40,767
40,845
40,901
3,240
3,101
2,820
2,653
2,623
2,622
2,620
2,613
4,775
4,776
4,782
4,794
4,813
4,798
4,798
4,809
13,099
13,063
13,117
13,153
13,147
13,161
13,172
13,192
132,428
132,595
132,654
132,472
132,453
111,799
111,915
111,943
111,726
111,694
25,633
25,627
25,602
25,414
25,325
550
555
557
560
564
6,826
6,880
6,929
6,851
6,882
18,257
18,192
18,116
18,003
17,879
106,795
106,968
107,052
107,058
107,128
7,106
7,123
7,127
7,119
7,131
7,067
7,064
7,066
7,054
7,040
23,415
23,472
23,457
23,518
23,513
7,594
7,609
7,618
7,626
7,648
40,984
41,020
41,073
40,995
41,037
2,613
2,615
2,613
2,614
2,611
4,800
4,825
4,836
4,846
4,848
13,216
13,240
13,262
13,286
13,300
1
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks; the introduction of
probability-based sample estimates for mining, construction, and manufacturing; and
recomputed seasonal adjustment factors. See the article in this issue for additional
information.
Not available.
Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an
increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonfarm total for the March 1959 benchmark
month.
P = preliminary.
2
70
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major
industry, 1964 to date
Total private1
Year and
month
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Construction
Mining
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Annual averages
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
38.7
38.8
38.6
38.0
37.8
37.7
$2.36
2.46
2.56
2.68
2.85
3.04
$91.33
95.45
98.82
101.84
107.73
114.61
41.9
42.3
42.7
42.6
42.6
43.0
$2.81
2.92
3.05
3.19
3.35
3.60
$117.74
123.52
130.24
135.89
142.71
154.80
37.2
37.4
37.6
37.7
37.3
37.9
$3.55
3.70
3.89
4.11
4.41
4.79
$132.06
138.38
146.26
154.95
164.49
181.54
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
37.1
36.9
37.0
36.9
36.5
36.1
36.1
36.0
35.8
35.7
3.23
3.45
3.70
3.94
4.24
4.53
4.86
5.25
5.69
6.16
119.83
127.31
136.90
145.39
154.76
163.53
175.45
189.00
203.70
219.91
42.7
42.4
42.6
42.4
41.9
41.9
42.4
43.4
43.4
43.0
3.85
4.06
4.44
4.75
5.23
5.95
6.46
6.94
7.67
8.49
164.40
172.14
189.14
201.40
219.14
249.31
273.90
301.20
332.88
365.07
37.3
37.2
36.5
36.8
36.6
36.4
36.8
36.5
36.8
37.0
5.24
5.69
6.06
6.41
6.81
7.31
7.71
8.10
8.66
9.27
195.45
211.67
221.19
235.89
249.25
266.08
283.73
295.65
318.69
342.99
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
35.3
35.2
34.8
35.0
35.2
34.9
34.8
34.8
34.7
34.6
6.66
7.25
7.68
8.02
8.32
8.57
8.76
8.98
9.28
9.66
235.10
255.20
267.26
280.70
292.86
299.09
304.85
312.50
322.02
334.24
43.3
43.7
42.7
42.5
43.3
43.4
42.2
42.4
42.3
43.0
9.17
10.04
10.77
11.28
11.63
11.98
12.46
12.54
12.80
13.26
397.06
438.75
459.88
479.40
503.58
519.93
525.81
531.70
541.44
570.18
37.0
36.9
36.7
37.1
37.8
37.7
37.4
37.8
37.9
37.9
9.94
10.82
11.63
11.94
12.13
12.32
12.48
12.71
13.08
13.54
367.78
399.26
426.82
442.97
458.51
464.46
466.75
480.44
495.73
513.17
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
34.5
34.3
34.4
34.5
34.7
34.5
34.4
34.6
34.6
34.5
10.01
10.32
10.57
10.83
11.12
11.43
11.82
12.28
12.78
13.24
345.35
353.98
363.61
373.64
385.86
394.34
406.61
424.89
442.19
456.78
44.1
44.4
43.9
44.3
44.8
44.7
45.3
45.4
43.9
43.2
13.68
14.19
14.54
14.60
14.88
15.30
15.62
16.15
16.91
17.05
603.29
630.04
638.31
646.78
666.62
683.91
707.59
733.21
742.35
736.56
38.2
38.1
38.0
38.5
38.9
38.9
39.0
39.0
38.9
39.1
13.77
14.00
14.15
14.38
14.73
15.09
15.47
16.04
16.61
17.19
526.01
533.40
537.70
553.63
573.00
587.00
603.33
625.56
646.13
672.13
2000
34.5
13.75
474.38
43.1
17.24
743.04
39.3
17.88
702.68
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
2000:
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November
December
2001:
January ....
February ..
March
AprilP
MayP
34.3
34.6
34.9
34.7
34.5
34.7
34.3
34.2
$13.65
13.63
13.69
13.68
13.89
13.97
13.99
14.04
$468.20
471.60
477.78
474.70
479.21
484.76
479.86
480.17
42.9
43.3
43.5
43.6
43.8
43.8
42.9
42.6
$17.22
17.15
17.21
17.13
17.16
17.28
17.32
17.54
$738.74
742.60
748.64
746.87
751.61
756.86
743.03
747.20
39.6
39.5
40.0
40.2
40.1
40.2
38.7
38.1
$17.70
17.73
17.92
18.05
18.17
18.22
18.20
18.23
$700.92
700.34
716.80
725.61
728.62
732.44
704.34
694.56
33.9
34.0
34.0
34.1
34.2
14.10
14.16
14.19
14.27
14.23
477.99
481.44
482.46
486.61
486.67
42.5
42.7
43.1
43.5
44.0
17.67
17.61
17.57
17.62
17.54
750.98
751.95
757.27
766.47
771.76
38.1
37.6
38.6
38.5
40.3
18.17
18.16
18.20
18.08
18.20
692.28
682.82
702.52
696.08
733.46
See footnotes at end of table.
71
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major
industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Transportation and public
utilities
Manufacturing
Year and
month
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Hourly
earnings,
excluding
overtime
Weekly
hours
Weekly
earnings
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Wholesale trade
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Annual averages
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
40.7
41.2
41.4
40.6
40.7
40.6
$2.53
2.61
2.71
2.82
3.01
3.19
$2.43
2.50
2.59
2.71
2.88
3.05
$102.97
107.53
112.19
114.49
122.51
129.51
41.1
41.3
41.2
40.5
40.6
40.7
$2.89
3.03
3.11
3.23
3.42
3.63
$118.78
125.14
128.13
130.82
138.85
147.74
40.7
40.8
40.7
40.3
40.1
40.2
$2.52
2.60
2.73
2.87
3.04
3.23
$102.56
106.08
111.11
115.66
121.90
129.85
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
39.8
39.9
40.5
40.7
40.0
39.5
40.1
40.3
40.4
40.2
3.35
3.57
3.82
4.09
4.42
4.83
5.22
5.68
6.17
6.70
3.23
3.45
3.66
3.91
4.25
4.67
5.02
5.44
5.91
6.43
133.33
142.44
154.71
166.46
176.80
190.79
209.32
228.90
249.27
269.34
40.5
40.1
40.4
40.5
40.2
39.7
39.8
39.9
40.0
39.9
3.85
4.21
4.65
5.02
5.41
5.88
6.45
6.99
7.57
8.16
155.93
168.82
187.86
203.31
217.48
233.44
256.71
278.90
302.80
325.58
39.9
39.4
39.4
39.2
38.8
38.6
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.8
3.43
3.64
3.85
4.07
4.38
4.72
5.02
5.39
5.88
6.39
136.86
143.42
151.69
159.54
169.94
182.19
194.27
209.13
228.14
247.93
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
39.7
39.8
38.9
40.1
40.7
40.5
40.7
41.0
41.1
41.0
7.27
7.99
8.49
8.83
9.19
9.54
9.73
9.91
10.19
10.48
7.02
7.72
8.25
8.52
8.82
9.16
9.34
9.48
9.73
10.02
288.62
318.00
330.26
354.08
374.03
386.37
396.01
406.31
418.81
429.68
39.6
39.4
39.0
39.0
39.4
39.5
39.2
39.2
38.2
38.3
8.87
9.70
10.32
10.79
11.12
11.40
11.70
12.03
12.24
12.57
351.25
382.18
402.48
420.81
438.13
450.30
458.64
471.58
467.57
481.43
38.4
38.5
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.3
38.1
38.1
38.0
6.95
7.55
8.08
8.54
8.88
9.15
9.34
9.59
9.98
10.39
266.88
290.68
309.46
328.79
341.88
351.36
357.72
365.38
380.24
394.82
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
40.8
40.7
41.0
41.4
42.0
41.6
41.6
42.0
41.7
41.7
10.83
11.18
11.46
11.74
12.07
12.37
12.77
13.17
13.49
13.90
10.37
10.71
10.95
11.18
11.43
11.74
12.12
12.45
12.79
13.17
441.86
455.03
469.86
486.04
506.94
514.59
531.23
553.14
562.53
579.63
38.4
38.1
38.3
39.3
39.7
39.4
39.6
39.7
39.5
38.7
12.92
13.20
13.43
13.55
13.78
14.13
14.45
14.92
15.31
15.69
496.13
502.92
514.37
532.52
547.07
556.72
572.22
592.32
604.75
607.20
38.1
38.1
38.2
38.2
38.4
38.3
38.3
38.4
38.3
38.3
10.79
11.15
11.39
11.74
12.06
12.43
12.87
13.45
14.07
14.59
411.10
424.82
435.10
448.47
463.10
476.07
492.92
516.48
538.88
558.80
2000
41.6
14.38
13.62
598.21
38.6
16.22
626.09
38.5
15.20
585.20
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
2000:
May
June
July
August
September
October....
November
December
2001:
January ....
February ..
March
AprilP
MayP
41.6
41.8
41.3
41.4
41.8
41.6
41.6
41.4
$14.26
14.33
14.35
14.36
14.51
14.53
14.60
14.67
$13.52
13.57
13.60
13.60
13.71
13.76
13.83
13.92
$593.22
598.99
592.66
594.50
606.52
604.45
607.36
607.34
38.3
38.5
39.2
38.7
38.7
39.0
38.5
38.6
$16.13
16.18
16.19
16.22
16.31
16.38
16.43
16.53
$617.78
622.93
634.65
627.71
631.20
638.82
632.56
638.06
38.3
38.5
38.8
38.3
38.4
38.7
38.4
38.3
$15.05
15.12
15.27
15.19
15.33
15.45
15.45
15.58
$576.42
582.12
592.48
581.78
588.67
597.92
593.28
596.71
40.9
40.5
40.8
39.9
40.7
14.59
14.61
14.65
14.75
14.75
13.91
13.96
13.98
14.17
14.08
596.73
591.71
597.72
588.53
600.33
38.2
38.2
38.0
38.3
38.1
16.56
16.68
16.65
16.81
16.68
632.59
637.18
632.70
643.82
635.51
37.9
37.8
38.0
38.3
38.2
15.56
15.62
15.58
15.88
15.75
589.72
590.44
592.04
608.20
601.65
See footnotes at end of table.
72
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS
B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major
industry, 1964 to date—Continued
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Retail trade
Year and
month
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Services
Weekly
earnings
Weekly
hours
Hourly
earnings
Weekly
earnings
$1.94
2.05
2.17
2.29
2.42
2.61
$70.03
73.60
77.04
80.38
83.97
90.57
Annual averages
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
37.0
36.6
35.9
35.3
34.7
34.2
$1.75
1.82
1.91
2.01
2.16
2.30
$64.75
66.61
68.57
70.95
74.95
78.66
37.3
37.2
37.3
37.1
37.0
37.1
$2.30
2.39
2.47
2.58
2.75
2.93
$85.79
88.91
92.13
95.72
108.70
36.1
35.9
35.5
35.1
34.7
34.7
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
33.8
33.7
33.4
33.1
32.7
32.4
32.1
31.6
31.0
30.6
2.44
2.60
2.75
2.91
3.14
3.36
3.57
3.85
4.20
4.53
82.47
87.62
91.85
96.32
102.68
138.62
36.7
36.6
36.6
36.6
36.5
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.4
36.2
3.07
3.22
3.36
3.53
3.77
4.06
4.27
4.54
4.89
5.27
112.67
117.85
122.98
129.20
137.61
148.19
155.43
165.26
178.00
190.77
34.4
33.9
33.9
33.8
33.6
33.5
33.3
33.0
32.8
32.7
2.81
3.04
3.27
3.47
3.75
4.02
4.31
4.65
4.99
5.36
96.66
103.06
110.85
117.29
126.00
134.67
143.52
153.45
163.67
175.27
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
30.2
30.1
29.9
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.2
29.2
29.1
28.9
4.88
5.25
5.48
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.03
6.12
6.31
6.53
147.38
158.03
163.85
171.05
174.33
174.64
176.08
178.70
183.62
188.72
36.2
36.3
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.4
36.4
36.3
35.9
35.8
5.79
6.31
6.78
7.29
7.63
7.94
8.36
8.73
9.06
9.53
209.60
229.05
245.44
263.90
278.50
289.02
304.30
316.90
325.25
341.17
32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.6
32.6
5.85
6.41
6.92
7.31
7.59
7.90
8.18
8.49
8.88
9.38
190.71
208.97
225.59
239.04
247.43
256.75
265.85
275.93
289.49
305.79
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
28.8
28.6
28.8
28.8
28.9
28.8
28.8
28.9
29.0
29.0
6.75
6.94
7.12
7.29
7.49
7.69
7.99
8.33
8.74
9.09
194.40
198.48
205.06
209.95
216.46
221.47
230.11
240.74
253.46
263.61
35.8
35.7
35.8
35.8
35.8
35.9
35.9
36.1
36.4
36.2
9.97
10.39
10.82
11.35
11.83
12.32
12.80
13.34
14.07
14.62
356.93
370.92
387.36
406.33
423.51
442.29
459.52
481.57
512.15
529.24
32.5
32.4
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.4
32.4
32.6
32.6
32.6
9.83
10.23
10.54
10.78
11.04
11.39
11.79
12.28
12.84
13.37
319.48
331.45
342.55
350.35
358.80
369.04
382.00
400.33
418.58
435.86
2000
28.9
9.46
273.39
36.3
15.07
547.04
32.7
13.91
454.86
108.86
114.60
121.66
130.20
101.75
Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted
2000:
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
2001:
January ....
February ...
March
AprilP
MayP
28.8
29.3
29.8
29.5
28.8
28.9
28.6
28.9
$9.40
9.39
9.40
9.41
9.58
9.59
9.61
9.65
$270.72
275.13
280.12
277.60
275.90
277.15
274.85
278.89
35.9
36.2
36.7
36.0
36.1
36.6
36.0
36.1
$15.02
14.93
15.01
14.99
15.11
15.24
15.25
15.32
$539.22
540.47
550.87
539.64
545.47
557.78
549.00
553.05
32.5
32.7
33.1
32.9
32.5
32.9
32.6
32.6
$13.79
13.72
13.78
13.74
14.00
14.11
14.20
14.33
$448.18
448.64
456.12
452.05
455.00
464.22
462.92
467.16
28.2
28.4
28.4
28.8
28.7
9.69
9.72
9.74
9.78
9.79
273.26
276.05
276.62
281.66
280.97
36.0
36.3
36.0
36.7
36.0
15.45
15.63
15.67
15.81
15.72
556.20
567.37
564.12
580.23
565.92
32.3
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.5
14.39
14.47
14.48
14.58
14.47
464.80
471.72
472.05
476.77
470.28
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
p = preliminary.
NOTE:
Data have been revised to reflect March 2000
benchmarks and the introduction of probability-based sample estimates
for mining, construction, and manufacturing. See the article in this
issue for additional information.
73
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
2001
2000
Industry
May
Total
Total private
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
MayP
131,909 131,969 131,899 131,837 132,046 132,145 132,279 132,367 132,428 132,595 132,654 132,472 132,453
110,795 111,029 111,180 111,237 111,463 111,564 111,689 111,753 111,799 111,915 111,943 111,726 111,694
25,683
25,727
25,774
25,727
25,696
25,713
25,711
25,688
25,633
25,627
25,602
25,414
25,325
Mining
Metal mining
Coal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels ....
542
41
78
310
113
543
41
77
312
113
542
40
76
313
113
543
40
76
313
114
547
40
76
316
115
551
40
76
320
115
548
40
75
319
114
548
41
75
320
112
550
39
75
325
111
555
39
75
328
113
557
38
75
331
113
560
37
75
336
112
564
37
76
339
112
Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building ..
Special trade contractors
6,648
1,520
894
4,234
6,663
1,520
896
4,247
6,678
1,525
897
4,256
6,699
1,525
900
4,274
6,728
1,538
900
4,290
6,758
1,549
904
4,305
6,781
1,548
909
4,324
6,791
1,543
913
4,335
6,826
1,538
921
4,367
6,880
1,555
930
4,395
6,929
1,552
938
4,439
6,851
1,548
913
4,390
6,882
1,557
920
4,405
18,493
18,521
18,554
18,485
18,421
18,404
18,382
18,349
18,257
18,192
18,116
18,003
17,879
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Computer and office equipment ....
Electronic and other electrical
equipment
Electronic components and
accessories
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products ....
Miscellaneous manufacturing
11,136
838
558
579
699
1,537
2,113
355
11,168
837
559
579
700
1,543
2,120
354
11,207
836
565
581
700
1,546
2,137
362
11,172
831
559
580
700
1,541
2,133
365
11,129
826
560
579
695
1,540
2,121
364
11,126
821
559
577
695
1,536
2,123
365
11,120
817
557
577
691
1,537
2,122
365
11,102
811
555
577
686
1,536
2,119
366
11,031
806
552
579
681
1,526
2,117
369
10,997
799
549
578
679
1,514
2,105
370
10,941
799
548
578
671
1,509
2,084
369
10,870
801
543
577
666
1,502
2,072
367
10,775
797
539
574
657
1,487
2,054
364
1,707
1,719
1,735
1,740
1,736
1,738
1,737
1,738
1,735
1,726
1,715
1,684
1,658
669
1,866
1,025
467
847
392
678
1,868
1,027
466
849
394
689
1,855
1,015
465
856
396
695
1,836
1,005
464
856
396
698
1,822
994
464
858
392
704
1,822
995
463
861
394
708
1,822
992
462
865
395
710
1,817
990
464
867
396
714
1,772
952
462
870
393
711
1,786
967
464
871
390
702
1,775
956
465
871
391
686
1,769
951
464
867
389
672
1,757
936
465
868
384
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products .
Leather and leather products
7,357
1,688
35
534
641
658
1,546
1,038
128
1,017
72
7,353
1,685
35
531
639
657
1,552
1,037
129
1,016
72
7,347
1,686
34
530
637
656
1,553
1,036
128
1,013
74
7,313
1,679
33
528
625
655
1,549
1,036
128
1,009
71
7,292
1,674
33
523
620
655
1,547
1,037
127
1,006
70
7,278
1,678
32
518
616
655
1,544
1,038
126
1,002
69
7,262
1,679
33
514
611
654
1,540
1,038
127
997
69
7,247
1,682
32
510
604
652
1,539
1,039
127
993
69
7,226
1,684
32
505
599
651
1,534
1,039
127
987
68
7,195
1,686
31
496
595
645
1,529
1,039
127
979
68
7,175
1,687
32
494
590
642
1,524
1,039
126
973
68
7,133
1,686
32
487
581
640
1,512
1,036
127
966
66
7,104
1,684
33
478
580
639
1,504
1,030
127
963
66
Goods-producing
Manufacturing
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities ...
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger
transit
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities .,
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
106,226 106,242 106,125 106,110 106,350 106,432 106,568 106,679 106,795 106,968 107,052 107,058 107,128
6,997
4,511
235
7,015
4,520
233
7,034
4,536
235
6,963
4,548
236
7,062
4,553
235
7,076
4,559
234
7,093
4,573
235
7,108
4,583
232
7,106
4,580
229
7,123
4,591
231
7,127
4,591
230
7,119
4,577
230
7,131
4,589
230
476
1,852
195
1,270
14
469
2,486
1,635
851
472
1,854
197
1,278
14
472
2,495
1,644
851
477
1,860
195
1,282
14
473
2,498
1,647
851
478
1,860
198
1,288
14
474
2,415
1,565
850
478
1,861
199
1,291
14
475
2,509
1,660
849
477
1,861
200
1,298
14
475
2,517
1,668
849
478
1,864
200
1,306
14
476
2,520
1,672
848
478
1,866
200
1,316
14
477
2,525
1,678
847
479
1,868
201
1,312
14
477
2,526
1,679
847
480
1,870
200
1,318
14
478
2,532
1,685
847
480
1,872
201
1,316
13
479
2,536
1,690
846
477
1,864
202
1,313
14
All
2,542
1,695
847
482
1,868
204
1,316
14
475
2,542
1,696
846
7,006
4,193
2,813
7,019
4,195
2,824
7,030
4,201
2,829
7,037
4,201
2,836
7,042
4,203
2,839
7,059
4,205
2,854
7,070
4,206
2,864
7,068
4,202
2,866
7,067
4,198
2,869
7,064
4,198
2,866
7,066
4,196
2,870
7,054
4,189
2,865
7,040
4,177
2,863
See footnotes at end of table.
74
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted—Continued
(In thousands)
2000
2001
Industry
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
MayP
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service
stations
New and used car dealers
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments ....
23,247
1,019
2,837
2,488
3,521
23,280
1,016
2,831
2,482
3,522
23,311
1,014
2,820
2,470
3,523
23,348
1,015
2,830
2,483
3,526
23,371
1,012
2,834
2,487
3,529
23,380
1,012
2,829
2,481
3,527
23,395
1,011
2,835
2,492
3,526
23,406
1,010
2,822
2,480
3,532
23,415
1,007
2,789
2,448
3,538
23,472
1,007
2,807
2,462
3,548
23,457
1,006
2,797
2,451
3,550
23,518
1,000
2,800
2,455
3,555
23,513
1,011
2,808
2,461
3,542
2,407
1,111
1,187
1,130
8,080
3,066
2,410
1,114
1,190
1,136
8,098
3,077
2,412
1,116
1,196
1,135
8,123
3,088
2,418
1,118
1,195
1,138
8,132
3,094
2,420
1,120
1,202
1,138
8,138
3,098
2,426
1,122
1,202
1,142
8,137
3,105
2,426
1,123
1,208
1,144
8,142
3,103
2,425
1,123
1,214
1,148
8,149
3,106
2,424
1,124
1,221
1,147
8,157
3,132
2,424
1,124
1,227
1,146
8,171
3,142
2,420
1,124
1,228
1,147
8,158
3,151
2,419
1,121
1,226
1,141
8,214
3,163
2,428
1,127
1,223
1,134
8,209
3,158
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....
Finance
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Savings institutions
Nondepository institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and
service
Real estate
7,550
3,697
2,029
1,432
253
679
307
740
249
2,348
1,592
7,541
3,699
2,028
1,430
253
676
305
745
250
2,345
1,590
7,536
3,701
2,024
1,425
252
675
304
751
251
2,340
1,585
7,549
3,707
2,024
1,425
253
674
301
756
253
2,341
1,585
7,556
3,718
2,024
1,424
253
677
304
762
255
2,335
1,580
7,569
3,725
2,023
1,421
253
678
303
767
257
2,337
1,580
7,575
3,729
2,023
1,420
253
678
302
770
258
2,340
1,583
7,582
3,735
2,025
1,420
253
677
300
774
259
2,339
1,582
7,594
3,738
2,024
1,418
253
678
301
777
259
2,346
1,588
7,609
3,748
2,025
1,417
254
683
304
781
259
2,351
1,592
7,618
3,755
2,028
1,418
254
686
306
781
260
2,353
1,593
7,626
3,760
2,032
1,421
254
690
307
780
258
2,357
1,597
7,648
3,769
2,036
1,425
255
696
312
111
260
2,360
1,599
756
1,505
755
1,497
755
1,495
756
1,501
755
1,503
757
1,507
757
1,506
757
1,508
758
1,510
759
1,510
760
1,510
760
1,509
761
1,519
Services1
Agricultrual services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Help supply services
Computer and data processing
services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services ....
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Nursing and personal care facilities ....
Hospitals
Home health care services
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Child day care services
Residential care
Museums and botanical and zoological
gardens
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Management and public relations
40,312
795
1,905
1,240
9,830
991
3,902
3,514
40,447
795
1,917
1,247
9,876
992
3,916
3,517
40,495
798
1,923
1,250
9,884
994
3,909
3,505
40,613
801
1,923
1,256
9,921
994
3,917
3,506
40,736
804
1,924
1,257
9,965
995
3,947
3,547
40,767
808
1,927
1,259
9,939
994
3,890
3,465
40,845
811
1,939
1,261
9,933
998
3,869
3,461
40,901
813
1,946
1,265
9,893
1,002
3,816
3,404
40,984
818
1,952
1,261
9,888
1,007
3,779
3,372
41,020
821
1,957
1,261
9,851
1,007
3,731
3,339
41,073
828
1,960
1,265
9,822
1,007
3,694
3,293
40,995
824
1,946
1,265
9,732
1,008
3,600
3,201
41,037
837
1,938
1,274
9,698
1,012
3,591
3,202
2,080
1,238
365
595
1,720
10,063
1,919
1,793
3,977
642
1,005
2,322
2,888
707
800
2,091
1,240
365
597
1,726
10,078
1,921
1,793
3,982
643
1,010
2,335
2,887
712
804
2,106
1,248
365
596
1,735
10,097
1,923
1,793
3,988
645
1,010
2,337
2,883
715
807
2,114
1,254
366
596
1,741
10,114
1,926
1,798
3,993
645
1,011
2,352
2,889
719
809
2,124
1,260
366
590
1,738
10,131
1,933
1,797
4,001
645
1,013
2,344
2,928
719
813
2,135
1,266
366
588
1,747
10,146
1,938
1,799
4,005
646
1,014
2,329
2,950
724
817
2,152
1,270
366
593
1,755
10,164
1,941
1,800
4,016
644
1,013
2,338
2,958
727
820
2,164
1,278
365
597
1,759
10,184
1,948
1,803
4,025
642
1,015
2,357
2,972
729
823
2,176
1,291
365
600
1,769
10,211
1,953
1,806
4,035
646
1,017
2,363
2,985
732
827
2,186
1,291
365
600
1,772
10,236
1,958
1,808
4,045
645
1,020
2,375
2,997
734
829
2,195
1,298
364
605
1,775
10,259
1,962
1,811
4,055
648
1,022
2,384
3,009
739
831
2,202
1,298
365
614
1,755
10,278
1,967
1,816
4,061
646
1,022
2,389
3,023
742
835
2,205
1,308
363
592
1,759
10,301
1,974
1,814
4,072
645
1,026
2,415
3,037
744
841
105
2,473
3,395
1,010
1,081
106
2,474
3,421
1,018
1,089
107
2,466
3,423
1,022
1,090
107
2,470
3,440
1,026
1,098
107
2,482
3,455
1,030
1,102
107
2,482
3,467
1,034
1,108
108
2,486
3,478
1,035
1,113
108
2,487
3,490
1,040
1,116
109
2,487
3,496
1,046
1,119
110
2,487
3,504
1,050
1,123
110
2,489
3,510
1,052
1,125
109
2,488
3,514
1,052
1,123
111
2,494
3,511
1,057
1,120
Government
Federal
Federal, except Postal Service
State
Education
Other State government
Local
Education
Other local government
21,114
3,240
2,377
4,775
2,026
2,749
13,099
7,436
5,663
20,940
3,101
2,238
4,776
2,029
2,747
13,063
7,396
5,667
20,719
2,820
1,957
4,782
2,033
2,749
13,117
7,438
5,679
20,600
2,653
1,790
4,794
2,037
2,757
13,153
7,456
5,697
20,583
2,623
1,762
4,813
2,051
2,762
13,147
7,439
5,708
20,581
2,622
1,762
4,798
2,035
2,763
13,161
7,445
5,716
20,590
2,620
1,761
4,798
2,033
2,765
13,172
7,449
5,723
20,614
2,613
1,754
4,809
2,037
2,772
13,192
7,457
5,735
20,629
2,613
1,755
4,800
2,028
2,772
13,216
7,468
5,748
20,680
2,615
1,756
4,825
2,048
2,777
13,240
7,479
5,761
20,711
2,613
1,754
4,836
2,055
2,781
13,262
7,492
5,770
20,746
2,614
1,754
4,846
2,064
2,782
13,286
7,495
5,791
20,759
2,611
1,752
4,848
2,069
2,779
13,300
7,510
5,790
1
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks; the
introduction of probability-based sample estimates for mining, construction, and
manufacturing; and recomputed seasonal adjustment factors. See the article in this
issue for additional information.
75
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
2001
2000
Industry
Mar.
Total
Total private
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
63,552 63,743 63,914 63,930 63,881 63,878 64,011 64,014 64,104 64,077 64,164 64,272 64,304
51,904 52,032 52,028 52,127 52,222 52,255 52,373 52,386 52,474 52,514 52,556 52,583 52,598
6,697
6,696
6,691
6,692
6,705
6,680
6,659
6,654
6,643
6,626
6,596
6,577
6,557
76
77
76
76
76
76
77
77
76
76
76
75
75
737
741
744
744
743
743
745
746
745
743
737
745
748
5,884
5,878
5,871
5,872
5,886
5,861
5,837
5,831
5,822
5,807
5,783
5,757
5,734
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
2,984
152
180
102
106
350
465
694
415
2,981
151
180
102
106
350
462
696
414
2,983
151
179
101
106
350
462
698
415
3,010
150
181
103
107
353
467
708
415
3,003
150
180
102
106
350
468
708
412
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
171
2,992
150
180
102
105
351
465
698
417
(1)
172
173
173
2,994
149
180
101
106
349
467
708
409
(1)
172
2,991
147
180
100
107
349
465
709
409
(1)
172
2,991
147
179
101
107
350
466
705
408
(1)
172
2,988
146
179
101
106
350
465
706
406
(1)
173
2,975
144
178
100
106
348
466
705
399
(1)
172
2,961
144
176
100
106
345
463
700
399
(1)
170
2,946
144
176
99
104
344
459
694
398
(1)
170
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
2,900
560
11
247
468
164
696
344
22
349
39
2,897
566
11
246
463
163
696
344
22
347
39
2,888
562
12
244
458
163
696
344
22
348
39
2,880
559
11
244
454
162
697
344
22
348
39
2,876
560
11
243
451
162
696
343
22
348
40
2,858
555
11
241
443
162
696
343
22
346
39
2,843
551
10
239
439
162
695
345
22
343
37
2,840
553
10
236
436
163
694
347
22
341
38
2,831
555
10
234
433
162
692
346
22
339
38
2,819
555
10
231
428
161
692
347
22
336
37
2,808
556
10
229
425
161
689
347
22
332
37
2,796
557
10
226
422
159
687
348
22
328
37
2,788
558
10
225
418
159
685
347
22
327
37
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing
171
171
56,855 57,047 57,223 57,238 57,176 57,198 57,352 57,360 57,461 57,451 57,568 57,695 57,747
Transportation and public utilities
2,163
2,166
2,165
2,174
2,181
2,143
2,196
2,194
2,197
2,201
2,204
2,204
2,207
Wholesale trade
2,162
2,168
2,177
2,184
2,182
2,181
2,175
2,181
2,188
2,192
2,197
2,199
2,202
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
12,196 12,253 12,212 12,225 12,245 12,264 12,272 12,254 12,291 12,295 12,311 12,328 12,324
4,733
4,731
4,726
4,722
4,721
4,726
4,733
4,742
4,748
4,755
4,761
4,768
4,774
Services
23,953 24,018 24,057 24,130 24,188 24,261 24,338 24,361 24,407 24,445 24,487 24,507 24,534
Government
Federal
State
Local
11,648 11,711 11,886 11,803 11,659 11,623 11,638 11,628 11,630 11,563 11,608 11,689 11,706
1,220 1,257 1,431 1,364 1,227 1,146 1,134 1,132 1,129 1,037 1,061 1,115 1,113
2,470 2,472 2,471 2,473 2,477 2,481 2,489 2,479 2,479 2,486 2,490 2,498 2,503
7,958 7,982 7,984 7,966 7,955 7,996 8,015 8,017 8,022 8,040 8,057 8,076 8,090
1
This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal
component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components,
cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks; the
introduction of probability-based sample estimates for mining, construction, and
manufacturing; and recomputed seasonal adjustment factors. See the article
in this issue for additional information.
76
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally
adjusted
(In thousands)
2000
2001
Industry
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
MayP
Total private
90,808 90,974 91,139 91,186 91,367 91,407 91,516 91,554 91,608 91,639 91,667 91,535 91,456
Goods-producing
18,233 18,238 18,267 18,225 18,178 18,188 18,162 18,132 18,104 18,073 18,069 17,922 17,837
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
415
417
418
416
421
425
424
424
427
432
436
438
443
5,140
5,146
5,161
5,178
5,198
5,218
5,227
5,242
5,283
5,318
5,379
5,322
5,338
12,678 12,675 12,688 12,631 12,559 12,545 12,511 12,466 12,394 12,323 12,254 12,162 12,056
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
7,606
684
446
457
548
1,160
1,318
1,066
1,231
775
(2)
271
7,617
683
448
456
547
1,162
1,324
1,070
1,229
772
(2)
271
7,635
683
450
458
547
1,165
1,332
1,080
1,220
765
(2)
272
7,608
677
447
457
548
1,160
1,332
1,080
1,206
757
(2)
272
7,568
672
446
456
543
1,159
1,317
1,077
1,200
753
(2)
269
7,560
667
446
455
544
1,155
1,318
1,075
1,201
752
(2)
270
7,544
663
443
454
541
1,155
1,314
1,073
1,199
747
(2)
271
7,517
657
441
453
536
1,152
1,311
1,071
1,193
743
(2)
271
7,462
653
439
453
532
1,142
1,314
1,063
1,166
721
(2)
268
7,415
648
435
453
531
1,131
1,300
1,054
1,168
722
(2)
264
7,358
646
435
453
524
1,125
1,277
1,041
1,163
715
(2)
265
7,308
648
431
452
517
1,119
1,264
1,024
1,161
713
(2)
265
7,229
643
426
449
511
1,108
1,252
1,007
1,148
700
(2)
260
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
5,072
1,256
27
447
502
499
821
580
88
798
54
5,058
1,252
26
445
501
499
818
577
88
798
54
5,053
1,251
25
445
499
498
819
576
88
796
56
5,023
1,244
25
443
490
497
818
574
88
790
54
4,991
1,230
24
439
485
497
816
574
87
786
53
4,985
1,242
23
433
480
497
816
574
86
782
52
4,967
1,243
24
430
475
496
810
573
86
778
52
4,949
1,244
23
426
470
494
808
573
86
773
52
4,932
1,246
23
421
466
494
805
573
87
766
51
4,908
1,246
22
415
461
491
803
573
86
759
52
4,896
1,248
23
413
458
488
800
572
86
756
52
4,854
1,244
23
408
449
487
790
567
88
748
50
4,827
1,242
24
398
446
483
785
566
87
747
49
Service-producing
72,575 72,736 72,872 72,961 73,189 73,219 73,354 73,422 73,504 73,566 73,598 73,613 73,619
Transportation and public utilities
5,819
5,833
5,860
5,795
5,898
5,912
5,922
5,940
5,948
5,955
5,970
5,975
5,979
Wholesale trade
5,588
5,597
5,603
5,611
5,613
5,625
5,630
5,633
5,634
5,627
5,624
5,611
5,592
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
20,477 20,494 20,524 20,545 20,555 20,540 20,587 20,597 20,595 20,639 20,607 20,685 20,642
5,517
5,511
5,516
5,525
5,547
5,555
5,559
5,570
5,578
5,586
5,593
5,610
35,174 35,301 35,369 35,485 35,586 35,595 35,660 35,693 35,757 35,767 35,811 35,749 35,796
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal
component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components,
5,537
cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks; the
introduction of probability-based sample estimates for mining, construction, and
manufacturing; and recomputed seasonal adjustment factors. See the article
in this issue for additional information.
77
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
DIFFUSION INDEXES
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
1
Private nonfarm payrolls, 353 industries
Over 1 -month span:
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
57.2
63.2
55.1
55.7
53.7
58.6
56.2
59.6
59.3
50.4
62.5
59.3
52.8
61.0
55.8
63.2
60.2
57.2
54.2
P44.6
59.8
58.9
58.2
47.7
P46.0
57.2
57.1
54.2
60.5
59.8
55.4
57.1
57.8
59.2
58.4
54.4
55.1
62.7
54.8
55.2
52.0
65.2
55.0
57.9
54.8
61.6
58.2
59.9
55.1
62.2
56.4
56.8
54.2
Over 3-month span:
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
63.5
65.3
60.8
61.6
51.7
64.0
66.1
57.8
63.3
54.1
66.0
64.6
58.5
61.9
P48.6
67.0
65.7
55.8
56.2
P47.9
63.2
62.2
58.1
55.1
63.3
57.9
57.9
57.9
59.8
57.5
57.2
61.5
65.6
58.4
59.2
56.4
67.3
59.1
59.8
54.1
71.1
59.2
59.1
53.3
70.0
59.3
61.0
55.7
69.5
59.2
60.6
53.3
Over 6-month span:
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
66.7
70.4
59.8
63.5
P51.7
68.6
67.4
59.8
60.6
P49.0
66.1
65.0
58.2
62.6
66.0
62.5
60.3
63.7
65.3
63.6
56.7
61.5
65.9
60.5
59.2
55.5
66.0
59.2
61.8
56.1
69.1
58.6
60.8
58.6
69.4
57.9
62.2
54.2
70.3
59.6
61.2
54.8
71.1
60.6
62.3
51.8
70.7
59.9
64.9
54.2
69.3
69.7
61.2
62.5
67.4
67.6
60.2
63.0
68.4
67.4
58.2
61.8
70.0
66.0
60.8
59.5
69.7
64.0
60.8
58.4
70.3
62.7
61.6
56.8
70.1
61.9
62.2
55.7
70.8
62.0
61.3
56.5
71.0
60.9
63.9
54.2
70.5
59.3
63.0
P53.1
69.7
60.8
61.3
P52.0
70.7
58.8
60.9
Over 12-month span:
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Manufacturing payrolls, 136 industries1
Over 1 -month span:
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
48.2
57.4
46.0
44.9
37.9
52.6
51.5
44.5
56.6
32.4
55.5
53.7
43.0
55.5
41.5
54.8
53.3
42.3
46.7
P30.9
52.9
43.8
50.4
41.2
P29.4
53.7
48.2
39.3
54.8
49.3
38.2
51.5
53.7
51.1
51.5
39.3
38.6
57.7
41.9
45.2
34.6
61.8
41.5
46.3
41.5
61.4
41.2
53.3
43.8
54.8
43.4
46.7
44.1
Over 3-month span:
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
50.0
59.6
41.2
50.0
28.3
51.5
59.6
39.0
54.0
29.4
55.9
55.9
38.2
52.9
P25.7
55.5
50.4
41.5
42.3
P25.7
52.9
46.7
40.8
43.0
52.9
37.9
45.2
48.5
50.4
41.5
39.0
48.2
54.8
41.5
45.2
33.8
59.6
41.9
40.8
28.7
70.6
38.2
44.9
30.5
66.5
36.8
46.3
39.0
64.3
40.8
46.0
35.7
Over 6-month span:
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
53.7
63.2
36.0
51.5
P27.6
53.7
54.4
38.2
44.5
P22.4
51.1
50.4
37.5
48.5
52.9
40.4
41.2
55.1
50.7
44.5
36.8
43.8
50.7
40.1
39.7
34.9
54.8
37.5
43.0
33.5
62.1
36.4
41.5
34.6
61.8
34.9
46.0
30.1
64.3
40.1
40.4
29.4
67.3
37.1
46.3
25.0
65.8
34.2
51.5
27.9
55.1
54.8
38.6
46.3
52.6
52.2
34.6
45.2
54.0
51.8
32.4
41.2
54.4
46.7
36.0
37.9
55.5
40.4
37.9
33.8
57.0
40.1
39.0
31.3
57.0
38.2
40.1
31.3
58.8
37.5
40.4
31.3
59.2
36.4
44.5
27.6
57.7
34.6
46.0
P23.9
57.4
35.7
44.9
P23.9
57.7
34.2
44.5
Over 12-month span:
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
1
Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1 -, 3-, and 6-month spans
and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within
the span.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment
increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment,
where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with
increasing and decreasing employment. Data have been revised to
reflect March 2000 benchmarks; the introduction of probability-based
sample estimates for mining, construction, and manufacturing; and
recomputed seasonal adjustment factors. See the article in this issue
for additional information.
78
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
2000
2001
State
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
Total1
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
1,931.0
282.4
2,236.3
1,157.4
14,409.0
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
2,200.4
1,690.2
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
3,973.8
548.2
558.1
6,040.6
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
1,938.5
283.5
2,246.8
1,161.3
14,479.5
1,926.0 1,935.9 1,939.8 1,939.3 1,937.5 1,936.4 1,938.3 1,936.9 1,936.9 1,931.2 1,928.8
282.4
285.1
284.4
285.1
285.2
284.0
284.7
286.2
288.0
288.0
287.3
2,241.5 2,258.4 2,266.0 2,268.4 2,270.7 2,276.0 2,280.3 2,270.7 2,278.7 2,276.1 2,277.0
1,162.5 1,162.4 1,163.8 1,160.9 1,164.3 1,166.8 1,169.0 1,168.7 1,167.8 1,166.6 1,164.8
14,506.7 14,579.0 14,612.1 14,643.7 14,675.9 14,707.2 14,758.8 14,713.7 14,741.2 14,798.9 14,816.2
2,209.1
1,695.2
418.7
645.9
7,071.2
2,210.7
1,696.4
419.7
647.0
7,071.0
2,229.2
1,699.4
421.0
648.6
7,083.0
2,235.7
1,696.4
421.2
655.0
7,098.3
2,239.8
1,696.0
421.8
649.8
7,119.5
2,242.8
1,696.3
425.1
646.0
7,148.7
2,244.7
1,695.9
426.0
647.5
7,164.4
2,247.1
1,697.5
427.1
648.9
7,186.5
2,253.0
1,699.8
423.5
651.9
7,208.6
2,256.1
1,700.7
424.0
648.0
7,223.6
2,251.5
1,699.6
426.1
647.4
7,246.0
650.1
7,262.9
3,010.0
3,983.1
550.8
561.3
6,042.3
3,011.0
3,975.6
552.0
559.1
6,044.1
3,014.9
4,010.2
554.7
563.3
6,038.7
3,016.9
4,017.9
552.0
565.3
6,042.1
3,015.0
4,010.1
560.3
566.3
6,037.8
3,010.2
4,018.5
556.1
566.3
6,025.7
3,010.4
4,016.3
557.6
566.9
6,021.3
3,013.3
4,013.6
559.4
568.1
6,019.1
3,008.9
4,037.5
554.8
562.2
6,059.8
2,997.4
4,045.3
560.3
563.2
6,072.0
2,996.6
4,041.8
560.3
563.1
6,077.1
2,999.9
4,044.3
560.3
564.0
6,055.6
2,994.5
1,474.9
1,346.1
1,819.4
1,927.2
602.6
1,476.6
1,349.5
1,821.5
1,936.3
604.0
1,472.3
1,348.8
1,818.3
1,927.5
603.6
1,474.6
1,343.8
1,826.5
1,936.0
608.4
1,477.2
1,345.3
1,825.8
1,935.2
605.3
1,479.1
1,341.2
1,824.6
1,936.3
603.4
1,482.8
1,347.7
1,826.1
1,940.1
603.9
1,486.1
1,353.3
1,830.6
1,941.8
610.5
1,487.9
1,353.7
1,834.1
1,944.1
610.3
1,485.5
1,354.9
1,840.8
1,953.2
611.8
1,487.9
1,352.8
1,843.3
1,957.2
612.8
1,489.3
1,358.5
1,843.3
1,953.7
612.5
1,482.1
1,363.3
1,836.8
1,951.7
611.9
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
2,444.4
3,308.1
4,676.7
2,670.3
1,157.3
2,451.2
3,312.9
4,684.1
2,667.4
1,161.3
2,455.0
3,320.1
4,688.0
2,668.2
1,158.9
2,439.0
3,331.1
4,690.3
2,673.1
1,163.3
2,436.2
3,319.6
4,685.5
2,676.9
1,160.8
2,467.4
3,338.0
4,688.2
2,676.8
1,155.7
2,472.7
3,342.4
4,693.6
2,675.7
1,155.2
2,474.9
3,348.7
4,702.0
2,678.2
1,153.3
2,477.3
3,357.3
4,704.6
2,682.1
1,151.1
2,473.9
3,361.9
4,679.2
2,680.3
1,147.4
2,477.7
3,355.9
4,702.1
2,686.4
1,145.4
2,477.8
3,361.7
4,698.1
2,685.9
1,145.6
2,473.0
3,363.0
4,688.7
2,689.0
1,142.8
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
2,751.3
387.8
907.5
2,751.7
389.4
908.9
1,024.0
621.5
2,757.1
387.6
912.2
1,025.4
621.7
2,757.9
391.0
915.4
1,029.0
622.6
2,767.3
391.3
914.9
1,035.1
622.9
2,768.5
391.1
910.8
1,038.2
624.0
2,760.6
390.2
909.3
1,042.3
621.8
2,764.3
391.1
911.5
1,047.0
624.5
2,761.3
391.9
911.5
1,053.0
624.9
2,770.2
391.8
916.5
1,050.9
627.2
2,764.5
393.7
913.9
1,059.1
625.5
2,763.6
394.3
913.3
1,063.7
626.3
2,759.1
393.2
912.6
1,068.9
627.9
3,999.0
741.7
8,633.1
3,950.5
328.5
3,999.7
743.9
8,654.8
3,971.2
326.7
3,998.5
746.4
8,610.0
3,979.5
326.8
4,008.3
747.1
8,664.9
3,975.9
329.2
4,015.1
747.2
8,670.0
3,963.5
329.0
4,022.0
747.6
8,680.8
3,970.8
328.0
4,031.1
748.4
8,691.5
3,971.5
327.9
4,029.1
746.2
8,707.0
3,970.3
328.9
4,033.8
749.0
8,721.7
3,974.7
330.3
4,032.8
753.8
8,723.8
3,977.5
329.6
4,025.9
755.0
8,730.1
3,977.8
327.4
419.3
648.0
7,032.3
1,018.6
620.5
3,990.9
742.5
2,269.0
1,700.8
425.3
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
8,613.3
3,930.3
328.3
3,998.8
744.4
8,636.4
3,942.1
328.0
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
5,638.1
1,480.9
1,599.5
5,682.9
475.4
5,641.2
1,487.8
1,607.1
5,693.9
476.3
5,639.2
1,491.0
1,605.9
5,690.9
474.8
5,649.4
1,492.0
1,614.5
5,718.0
478.1
5,645.5
1,494.8
1,610.8
5,704.5
474.7
5,650.3
1,493.2
1,609.1
5,719.1
476.9
5,656.7
1,492.2
1,612.4
5,724.7
477.2
5,659.7
1,491.4
1,615.3
5,728.2
477.3
5,663.4
1,491.5
1,612.6
5,734.7
477.7
5,655.2
1,490.9
1,604.2
5,744.3
478.4
5,659.2
1,490.3
1,609.6
5,737.1
479.0
5,657.5
1,494.8
1,604.7
5,748.1
479.6
5,652.7
1,499.7
1,600.3
5,728.3
480.4
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
1,869.8
380.0
2,728.2
9,386.3
1,071.6
1,878.1
379.1
2,733.2
9,436.8
1,075.0
1,878.0
378.0
2,738.5
9,447.7
1,075.2
1,881.6
377.3
2,749.0
9,432.6
1,079.8
1,883.7
378.0
2,750.5
9,473.9
1,081.2
1,880.3
378.7
2,748.4
9,501.6
1,083.7
1,882.1
380.7
2,747.2
9,517.2
1,086.3
1,900.5
379.9
2,751.4
9,538.8
1,088.0
1,892.1
379.6
2,753.3
9,563.5
1,090.7
1,892.3
380.8
2,749.2
9,576.7
1,090.6
1,892.7
379.3
2,754.0
9,610.7
1,091.2
1,893.6
379.9
2,748.7
9,625.2
1,091.7
1,893.0
378.3
2,758.9
9,630.1
1,092.3
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
296.3
3,493.6
2,705.0
735.3
2,838.3
239.8
298.2
3,503.8
2,719.0
746.9
2,834.1
238.6
298.5
3,508.8
2,715.6
734.2
2,838.7
237.6
298.4
3,512.9
2,720.8
735.0
2,841.2
239.6
298.3
3,519.3
2,726.7
730.7
2,843.8
239.7
299.0
3,524.6
2,724.7
733.4
2,837.0
237.8
299.2
3,530.4
2,731.0
735.1
2,838.8
239.3
299.8
3,539.1
2,737.8
737.1
2,842.6
239.9
300.6
3,542.7
2,741.6
738.0
2,842.7
240.7
299.6
3,550.7
2,749.2
737.7
2,844.9
242.7
301.2
3,560.6
2,745.3
741.1
2,852.1
244.4
300.4
3,561.6
2,745.0
742.0
2,852.4
244.9
299.8
3,560.8
2,741.1
739.3
2,848.7
244.5
See footnotes at end of table.
79
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued
(In thousands)
2000
2001
State
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
Construction
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
104.4
14.4
160.7
53.0
722.2
103.4
14.3
160.9
53.0
724.7
104.7
14.5
160.4
52.9
731.2
105.0
14.4
163.3
52.6
737.8
105.0
14.3
163.9
52.8
740.9
105.4
14.3
165.0
53.4
748.0
106.2
14.4
165.1
53.3
750.8
106.1
14.3
164.6
54.0
753.5
106.6
14.4
165.2
54.4
761.4
107.8
14.7
165.3
56.2
760.1
108.4
15.1
166.6
56.0
761.7
107.5
15.2
167.5
56.8
765.1
106.3
14.8
167.9
56.3
767.5
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
160.6
65.1
25.1
11.1
386.7
162.4
65.2
24.5
10.9
388.6
163.5
65.5
24.7
10.7
391.8
165.2
64.7
24.6
10.9
394.6
164.3
64.6
24.9
10.9
394.0
162.5
65.1
25.1
11.0
393.3
163.8
65.4
25.0
11.0
393.0
163.6
65.9
24.9
11.2
393.0
163.5
66.3
25.0
11.3
393.7
166.5
66.5
25.1
11.3
397.7
164.0
68.1
25.9
11.4
397.9
162.9
68.0
25.9
11.0
395.5
164.1
67.7
24.6
10.9
Georgia
Hawaii2
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
203.6
23.5
36.3
268.3
154.2
203.8
23.6
35.9
269.6
153.7
204.7
23.7
35.9
268.6
152.7
208.4
24.1
36.3
266.1
151.3
208.9
24.0
36.6
265.2
151.5
208.1
24.0
36.8
263.1
151.3
208.5
24.0
36.7
261.9
152.6
207.6
23.9
36.8
260.5
153.7
208.9
24.0
36.8
258.6
151.1
210.3
23.9
35.5
274.3
155.8
213.4
23.8
34.9
280.8
156.2
210.5
23.9
34.9
288.8
157.6
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
64.5
65.9
88.4
130.6
30.1
63.9
65.8
87.9
131.2
29.6
63.4
65.9
87.2
131.1
29.5
63.1
63.4
86.3
131.4
29.5
63.1
64.1
85.3
131.7
29.5
63.1
64.3
85.0
131.3
29.5
63.5
64.5
85.2
131.6
29.7
64.0
64.5
86.1
132.0
29.7
64.2
64.1
85.9
132.7
29.9
62.0
65.2
90.0
137.6
30.3
62.1
65.0
91.1
136.3
30.6
63.6
67.1
89.8
135.9
30.8
63.3
67.8
87.0
134.5
31.5
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
154.6
128.7
210.7
121.6
55.7
154.9
128.3
210.9
119.7
55.6
155.0
128.9
210.9
119.4
55.5
156.4
130.4
211.7
118.7
55.3
156.0
130.9
212.2
118.5
55.2
156.4
132.0
213.0
117.9
54.6
156.7
133.2
213.9
117.3
54.6
156.7
134.6
215.0
119.0
54.0
156.8
135.8
216.1
119.6
54.1
158.6
136.6
212.8
121.2
52.4
160.7
136.8
217.2
121.6
53.1
159.6
137.4
215.0
122.5
53.7
159.0
138.0
214.5
123.9
53.7
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
140.5
20.2
44.9
88.1
25.1
141.1
19.9
44.4
87.9
24.8
141.2
19.9
44.3
88.4
24.9
140.4
19.9
44.9
87.8
25.3
142.1
19.6
44.6
87.9
25.3
140.6
19.2
44.3
87.7
25.3
139.7
19.4
44.1
87.6
25.3
139.0
19.5
43.7
88.2
25.0
134.3
19.7
42.9
89.0
25.1
142.9
20.2
44.5
88.6
25.8
142.5
20.7
44.3
89.5
26.3
144.6
21.0
44.2
90.3
25.9
143.0
20.7
44.1
91.1
25.8
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
156.3
43.9
326.6
230.4
16.8
155.5
43.9
325.2
230.7
16.2
155.9
43.9
326.1
230.7
16.2
156.3
44.3
326.0
234.4
16.0
156.8
44.9
327.0
235.8
16.0
156.4
44.8
328.0
236.5
15.9
156.7
45.5
330.1
237.7
16.2
158.1
45.7
331.3
239.2
15.7
159.1
45.7
332.4
239.7
15.6
160.5
45.8
335.3
240.2
16.2
162.5
45.5
339.5
241.6
16.0
162.8
45.8
341.7
243.6
16.8
160.9
45.5
340.2
241.6
16.2
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
251.5
60.0
83.5
249.4
18.2
251.8
60.1
84.1
249.7
18.2
251.9
60.2
84.4
250.0
18.1
254.0
61.0
86.6
253.4
18.3
253.6
61.4
86.3
253.2
18.5
254.4
61.8
86.4
255.3
18.8
255.6
61.7
88.0
255.0
19.0
256.6
61.7
89.5
255.5
19.0
257.8
61.8
88.0
255.6
19.0
259.2
61.3
89.5
255.2
18.9
260.4
62.1
88.8
258.3
19.2
262.2
63.0
87.5
257.4
18.9
257.8
63.6
85.7
255.9
18.6
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
115.9
18.4
126.4
558.5
72.6
116.0
17.9
126.7
559.1
72.5
116.6
17.8
126.1
563.2
72.7
117.1
18.0
126.0
559.9
72.7
117.4
18.0
126.1
562.3
73.0
117.8
18.1
126.7
564.5
73.0
118.3
18.4
126.0
565.0
73.1
118.4
17.7
126.9
566.9
73.3
118.9
17.9
127.5
568.7
73.7
118.5
18.7
130.9
569.8
73.2
119.5
18.2
132.7
575.2
73.3
119.2
18.6
131.7
576.1
71.2
119.2
18.5
130.1
579.1
70.1
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
14.8
209.3
160.6
34.3
127.3
18.6
14.7
208.5
160.7
33.9
125.4
17.6
14.8
209.3
160.6
33.5
125.0
17.2
14.9
211.5
160.9
33.2
125.8
17.4
14.8
212.1
161.0
32.4
126.2
17.7
14.8
213.1
161.9
33.2
126.4
17.3
14.7
214.6
162.8
34.0
126.8
17.4
14.6
216.1
164.0
34.5
126.7
17.4
14.6
217.5
164.3
34.3
126.3
17.6
14.5
219.6
166.1
34.8
127.2
18.5
14.8
223.6
165.9
36.0
128.1
18.4
14.5
224.9
167.3
37.0
127.9
18.5
14.5
224.1
165.6
See footnotes at end of table.
80
395.4
209.3
23.8
35.2
282.9
154.2
35.2
126.0
18.4
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued
(In thousands)
2000
2001
State
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
Manufacturing
349.8
12.9
214.9
242.6
362.7
13.6
214.0
252.2
1,937.3
361.6
13.8
213.6
251.9
1,940.4
361.9
13.2
213.8
251.1
1,947.3
364.4
13.6
215.9
251.3
1,952.4
360.8
13.6
216.2
250.8
1,952.5
359.4
13.5
216.5
250.0
1,950.6
358.4
13.2
216.4
250.5
1,952.1
356.9
12.8
216.7
250.4
1,953.4
356.1
13.0
216.8
250.3
1,953.2
353.6
14.2
217.1
248.7
1,950.1
353.5
14.2
216.7
245.5
1,945.0
351.6
13.2
215.3
244.0
1,944.3
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
205.1
262.2
58.3
11.3
486.6
204.7
261.9
58.0
11.1
486.1
204.9
262.0
58.1
11.3
485.9
205.8
263.5
58.3
11.5
487.4
206.3
262.3
58.8
11.4
486.9
205.9
262.0
58.5
11.4
486.5
205.4
261.8
58.5
11.3
486.8
205.8
261.3
58.3
11.4
486.4
206.5
261.3
58.5
11.4
486.3
206.9
260.7
54.6
11.5
483.9
206.4
260.4
55.1
11.5
485.1
205.3
258.6
57.1
11.6
485.0
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
590.7
17.1
77.2
946.8
691.2
588.7
17.2
77.6
945.4
690.5
587.0
17.2
77.6
943.1
691.1
589.1
17.3
77.2
946.5
690.1
586.4
17.4
77.0
943.2
687.8
586.1
17.5
76.8
940.0
685.8
585.5
17.4
76.5
939.9
683.6
582.6
17.3
76.8
941.3
681.2
581.8
17.3
76.5
940.9
677.7
575.2
17.3
76.1
937.9
672.9
578.3
17.2
76.2
936.8
671.3
574.2
17.1
75.8
931.6
669.2
928.1
667.2
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
260.6
209.9
323.2
184.5
86.2
260.9
209.5
322.9
184.1
86.2
260.8
209.4
322.8
183.1
86.2
261.4
210.2
323.1
183.6
86.7
261.2
209.7
322.6
183.5
85.8
261.1
210.2
321.0
183.0
80.8
261.3
210.6
320.0
182.6
80.6
261.6
210.7
319.6
182.3
85.3
261.4
210.3
318.5
182.4
84.4
260.4
210.3
317.7
183.4
84.5
260.6
211.0
315.4
182.2
83.5
260.7
210.9
314.1
181.9
83.4
260.3
210.7
313.7
181.1
82.4
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
180.4
435.6
983.0
440.3
237.0
179.8
434.8
983.0
439.8
236.0
180.7
436.3
984.0
439.8
235.2
180.0
436.4
987.2
439.8
234.0
179.6
436.4
979.9
439.1
233.4
179.9
434.6
977.1
438.2
231.9
179.2
436.4
974.9
439.5
230.7
179.0
437.0
976.9
438.9
229.3
178.8
437.3
974.8
438.9
227.3
178.5
436.2
949.6
439.1
226.2
177.9
434.4
959.9
437.7
222.6
177.6
432.6
955.6
436.5
221.2
176.5
430.9
953.3
435.1
220.2
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
403.2
24.9
119.9
44.0
403.2
24.9
120.1
44.0
105.4
403.1
24.7
120.7
44.3
105.2
408.9
24.8
121.2
44.5
105.7
406.5
24.7
120.4
44.6
105.8
402.9
24.8
120.2
44.6
105.6
400.7
24.7
120.1
45.0
105.4
401.1
24.6
120.2
45.1
105.4
400.7
24.8
119.9
45.6
105.2
394.7
24.4
119.3
45.9
105.1
393.7
24.7
119.0
46.0
104.9
391.9
24.4
118.5
46.2
104.6
391.2
24.2
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
464.4
42.7
875.8
464.0
42.9
874.2
786.0
25.0
463.4
42.7
873.8
785.5
25.2
462.2
43.2
875.6
786.1
25.2
461.2
43.1
874.3
777.2
25.1
458.8
42.8
873.2
780.7
25.3
459.6
42.8
869.0
775.4
25.3
458.9
42.9
868.7
774.7
25.2
458.7
43.1
868.0
772.8
25.3
458.4
43.2
863.1
771.4
25.2
457.7
42.9
854.8
764.7
25.1
455.3
43.4
852.0
761.3
25.1
451.5
42.9
1,087.6
181.9
243.6
923.9
72.7
1,088.2
182.9
243.9
926.8
72.3
1,086.0
182.9
243.8
928.2
73.5
1,085.5
182.8
241.9
926.7
72.2
1,083.3
182.3
244.1
925.5
72.7
1,082.8
182.3
243.2
924.1
72.7
1,082.8
182.2
244.0
923.0
72.3
1,079.2
182.0
245.2
923.0
72.3
1,072.8
180.9
241.5
920.7
72.9
1,070.5
180.4
240.8
917.7
72.0
1,067.0
180.2
237.9
913.1
71.7
1,063.7
348.3
49.7
509.6
1,087.3
130.7
348.3
49.9
510.4
1,088.6
130.8
349.0
49.8
512.6
1,085.9
131.8
348.2
49.8
511.0
1,085.4
131.8
347.4
49.9
508.0
1,086.4
131.9
347.3
49.9
506.0
1,087.4
131.9
346.8
49.6
505.0
1,088.2
131.7
346.2
49.2
503.3
1,086.9
131.7
344.0
49.0
500.2
1,086.6
131.4
343.5
48.2
495.7
1,087.2
131.0
344.2
47.8
494.4
1,086.3
130.9
343.8
47.5
493.0
1,084.7
130.4
48.6
389.4
352.9
80.5
616.4
11.3
49.0
387.9
352.2
80.4
616.7
11.3
48.9
387.4
351.4
80.6
618.0
11.3
48.9
388.0
350.5
80.3
616.3
11.3
49.0
386.8
347.9
79.8
616.2
11.3
49.2
386.6
347.5
79.9
616.1
11.2
49.3
386.1
346.9
79.9
615.3
11.3
49.5
385.9
346.2
79.8
614.0
11.4
49.6
386.8
347.1
79.6
612.6
11.4
49.8
384.4
345.5
79.0
608.7
11.8
49.8
383.3
343.8
79.1
605.6
11.5
49.6
381.6
339.9
78.7
603.2
11.5
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
106.3
787.1
24.7
1,088.8
181.4
243.9
926.4
72.8
348.6
50.0
510.6
1,084.7
130.7
48.5
389.0
354.2
81.1
618.1
11.4
See footnotes at end of table.
81
1,937.3
203.9
257.8
57.6
11.5
483.1
574.8
MA
75.4
118.7
46.2
104.2
851.7
758.8
25.2
178.9
238.4
907.7
72.1
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued
(In thousands)
2000
2001
State
Apr.
May
June
|
July
|
Aug.
| Sept. |
Oct.
|
Nov.
|
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
Transportation and public utilities
95.5
27.3
107.8
70.2
741.5
96.0
27.4
108.1
70.2
743.9
95.9
27.3
108.5
70.2
745.4
96.0
27.6
108.9
70.3
746.2
96.0
27.4
109.4
70.3
751.0
95.9
27.3
109.4
70.5
750.6
95.8
26.8
110.1
70.9
752.9
96.3
27.2
110.4
70.8
755.1
96.4
27.0
110.7
71.0
759.7
96.0
27.3
109.7
70.3
761.1
95.8
27.2
110.3
70.2
761.1
95.8
27.3
110.4
70.6
765.4
109.8
70.6
765.4
143.5
78.7
17.4
19.6
355.4
144.1
78.8
17.3
19.6
355.8
144.9
79.2
17.3
19.4
358.2
145.0
79.1
17.5
19.5
358.0
144.9
79.0
16.8
18.0
358.7
144.9
80.0
17.9
19.6
359.9
144.4
80.2
17.8
19.5
360.9
143.8
80.2
17.9
19.6
361.8
143.3
79.8
18.0
19.6
362.8
142.0
80.1
17.9
19.6
362.8
141.2
79.9
17.6
19.1
363.9
141.1
80.1
17.6
19.2
364.2
140.2
80.5
17.7
19.2
366.2
266.0
(3)
27.9
352.5
148.5
266.1
(3)
27.9
352.9
147.7
267.9
(3)
28.0
353.2
148.2
268.0
(3)
28.2
354.5
148.9
268.5
(3)
28.3
356.3
149.1
269.0
(3)
28.1
357.1
148.3
269.3
(3)
28.3
357.9
149.6
270.3
(3)
28.2
357.0
149.5
270.8
(3)
28.1
357.0
150.2
273.2
(3)
27.8
358.4
150.1
274.4
(3)
27.8
359.3
149.3
274.5
(3)
28.0
360.2
149.4
273.4
(3)
27.9
360.7
148.5
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
73.0
85.4
108.6
113.0
24.5
72.9
85.9
108.5
112.9
24.6
73.1
86.7
108.9
113.1
24.3
72.7
86.9
108.5
113.2
24.6
72.9
87.3
108.7
113.3
23.1
73.5
87.6
108.9
113.9
24.4
73.4
86.8
109.0
113.7
24.2
73.6
87.1
109.0
113.9
24.2
73.6
87.1
109.2
114.0
24.1
73.7
87.2
109.7
115.0
24.4
74.0
87.4
109.8
114.8
24.3
74.2
87.5
109.4
115.1
24.1
74.0
88.5
108.7
115.3
24.4
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
114.6
144.3
180.4
134.7
57.0
114.9
143.9
180.8
134.4
57.2
115.4
144.5
180.5
134.3
57.4
116.0
145.9
180.9
134.2
57.0
108.3
134.3
181.1
135.0
57.1
116.4
145.6
181.6
135.2
56.7
118.7
146.0
181.2
135.8
56.6
118.7
146.2
182.0
136.1
56.7
119.8
146.6
181.7
136.4
56.8
117.9
146.2
181.6
136.7
56.9
117.1
145.8
181.5
137.0
56.3
118.1
145.2
180.6
136.9
56.2
118.1
145.3
180.9
136.7
56.6
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
178.6
22.3
58.2
55.3
22.1
179.2
22.5
58.0
55.5
22.0
178.4
22.4
58.1
55.9
22.2
181.5
22.4
58.5
55.9
21.9
182.2
22.5
58.6
56.2
20.5
183.9
22.4
58.5
56.5
22.2
184.0
22.3
58.4
57.2
22.1
183.0
22.3
58.5
57.6
22.1
182.5
22.4
58.6
58.1
22.1
182.7
22.5
58.3
58.2
21.5
183.2
22.3
58.3
58.8
21.7
183.3
22.4
58.1
59.1
21.7
182.2
22.3
57.4
59.1
21.5
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
273.4
36.7
430.9
180.9
18.9
272.4
36.9
430.3
181.5
18.9
272.5
37.0
431.2
182.5
18.9
272.9
37.0
432.8
182.7
18.8
268.3
37.2
401.8
183.2
18.7
271.8
37.1
435.5
183.2
18.9
272.3
37.0
434.8
183.4
18.7
272.1
37.0
436.1
183.5
18.7
272.6
37.1
439.2
182.8
18.7
271.2
37.0
442.9
183.2
18.8
271.7
36.9
443.6
184.6
19.0
271.3
37.1
442.6
183.6
18.8
270.8
37.3
443.1
183.5
18.6
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
250.4
85.1
79.4
301.3
17.1
249.9
85.2
79.7
301.2
17.1
250.0
85.6
79.9
301.6
17.1
250.2
85.3
80.2
301.3
16.8
251.3
85.6
80.5
289.9
15.9
251.0
85.8
80.7
304.3
16.9
251.2
86.0
80.8
303.8
17.1
250.7
85.5
80.8
303.6
17.0
250.7
85.4
80.8
304.5
17.0
250.6
85.9
80.3
306.5
17.0
250.3
85.9
81.1
305.9
17.0
249.5
85.7
79.8
304.0
17.0
249.5
86.1
79.7
303.8
17.1
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
94.7
17.0
178.3
95.0
17.1
178.1
586.5
60.6
94.9
17.0
178.7
590.5
60.7
94.8
17.1
178.5
592.5
61.2
95.0
17.1
178.8
594.7
61.3
95.0
17.2
178.9
597.8
61.3
95.0
17.0
178.6
601.2
61.3
95.2
17.0
179.2
603.5
61.2
95.2
17.0
179.1
605.4
61.2
95.4
17.1
181.1
605.4
60.1
95.6
17.0
181.7
609.2
60.2
95.8
16.9
181.1
609.2
60.5
95.3
16.8
182.9
611.4
60.5
12.4
186.0
145.3
37.4
133.2
14.4
12.5
187.4
146.0
37.5
132.7
14.3
12.4
187.3
146.9
37.6
134.9
14.4
11.9
180.8
147.9
35.3
135.3
14.4
12.5
188.5
148.1
37.6
134.7
14.3
12.6
189.2
148.8
37.6
135.0
14.3
12.6
189.8
149.2
37.5
134.9
14.3
12.6
190.6
150.1
37.6
135.5
14.1
12.3
193.8
150.1
37.2
133.7
14.4
12.7
193.9
149.6
36.8
133.7
14.1
12.5
193.4
149.4
37.0
134.3
14.2
12.5
192.7
149.0
36.9
135.0
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
583.7
60.3
12.4
185.6
145.0
37.6
133.6
14.4
See footnotes at end of table.
82
96.1
27.1
14.4
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued
(In thousands)
2001
2000
State
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
Trade
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
446.3
57.6
522.5
266.0
3,281.5
447.3
57.6
522.8
265.8
3,283.1
449.4
449.2
446.9
447.9
448.3
449.5
446.3
450.0
452.0
450.1
450.5
58.3
57.0
57.6
57.8
57.8
58.1
58.3
58.3
57.7
57.8
58.2
531.3
525.8
526.7
528.8
529.7
529.6
531.1
531.4
528.8
531.3
530.0
270.0
266.9
267.0
267.1
267.2
267.8
269.0
269.9
270.2
270.9
269.7
3,296.1 3,313.2 3,321.2 3,328.9 3,331.8 3,335.1 3,336.0 3,329.2 3,344.4 3,358.3 3,363.8
521.1
366.3
531.4
532.7
528.9
530.3
531.2
523.5
532.0
529.0
531.3
534.6
537.0
367.1
366.2
366.4
365.8
366.2
365.9
365.4
365.5
365.7
364.3
365.6
92.6
91.3
92.0
91.8
91.4
92.1
93.1
93.2
92.2
92.9
92.8
49.0
49.5
50.0
50.2
49.5
49.0
49.1
49.1
49.2
49.2
49.2
1,757.4 1,764.2 1,768.0 1,769.9 1,771.0 1,773.0 1,777.0 1,777.1 1,777.9 1,778.5 1,785.7
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
91.0
49.8
1,748.3
522.3
365.9
90.9
49.6
1,752.2
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
982.8
136.3
140.4
1,366.2
711.0
981.1
136.4
140.2
1,361.9
707.8
982.1
136.8
140.4
1,365.0
708.4
357.2
321.7
428.5
453.3
149.4
355.5
320.7
427.1
453.8
148.7
356.4
319.7
425.8
454.0
149.5
554.6
746.8
1,095.1
632.7
256.8
553.5
745.3
1,090.8
631.0
256.8
648.1
102.7
217.9
211.6
164.5
648.0
102.2
217.6
211.4
165.2
935.7
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
984.7
983.9
981.9
980.2
137.7
138.1
137.9
138.1
142.8
144.4
145.4
145.1
1,369.2 1,366.5 1,374.9 1,370.4
710.1
710.2
710.3
709.7
357.0
317.5
431.9
456.7
151.4
357.5
318.1
432.2
456.9
151.7
358.0
318.0
433.2
457.0
151.9
360.8
320.4
432.7
457.4
152.5
987.8
984.9
138.8
139.3
145.1
145.1
1,367.7 1,366.2
712.4
712.7
361.2
322.7
433.3
457.6
152.0
361.8
324.0
434.8
456.3
152.1
560.2
561.4
560.4
555.8
558.6
559.9
561.1
747.6
751.6
751.4
751.0
751.6
751.9
753.4
1,092.8 1,089.0 1,094.3 1,094.2 1,103.2 1,103.3 1,104.7
631.7
633.2
633.5
633.2
632.8
634.3
634.9
257.0
257.0
256.8
256.5
257.4
257.1
257.0
647.2
103.5
220.0
215.4
164.0
998.7
994.9
995.1
138.7
139.4
139.4
142.9
143.0
143.0
1,369.3 1,369.6 1,371.0
708.0
707.9
706.0
362.0
322.0
434.9
458.8
152.4
362.0
321.3
435.6
462.0
152.6
361.9
321.6
435.5
461.6
152.9
997.7
140.2
143.1
1,366.8
704.3
358.6
323.9
435.5
462.2
152.5
553.2
556.3
558.3
555.6
753.4
752.7
749.8
751.5
1,099.0 1,106.5 1,105.8 1,101.5
633.7
635.0
635.3
633.5
256.3
257.9
257.6
257.9
652.0
103.1
218.8
222.0
165.5
653.7
103.3
218.9
223.3
166.2
652.1
103.1
219.5
223.7
164.7
934.7
935.0
935.0
937.2
937.9
940.5
173.1
173.4
174.0
173.9
174.1
174.2
1,744.7 1,748.2 1,753.5 1,753.9 1,760.7 1,761.2
898.9
906.6
907.9
907.3
908.3
907.9
81.9
81.8
81.6
82.0
81.9
81.8
943.5
174.4
1,762.9
905.7
81.8
942.1
173.2
1,760.2
900.6
82.2
941.6
941.3
940.6
174.4
173.8
174.6
1,765.4 1,765.3 1,765.7
903.0
901.2
900.3
81.9
83.0
82.3
1,360.9
341.5
391.5
1,288.1
110.7
1,361.2 1,358.1 1,358.9
342.5
340.5
341.0
393.0
393.4
391.1
1,283.4 1,288.6 1,282.8
111.5
111.5
111.4
647.8
102.2
219.3
212.2
165.4
648.6
103.1
219.3
217.7
164.8
649.6
102.9
218.0
218.7
164.9
649.9
102.7
218.2
220.2
164.3
650.3
103.8
217.9
226.0
164.6
649.9
103.8
216.7
226.6
165.0
648.2
103.6
217.1
227.7
165.8
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
1,744.7
896.8
82.1
933.9
172.7
1,740.4
898.3
81.7
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
1,355.1
342.7
393.9
1,276.5
109.6
1,353.2
342.0
394.6
1,273.5
109.0
1,353.1 1,354.9 1,357.6 1,359.2 1,362.4 1,361.1 1,362.6
343.0
342.0
342.0
342.4
341.9
342.6
342.1
395.1
396.9
395.0
395.2
396.0
395.8
394.0
1,274.8 1,277.4 1,277.6 1,278.8 1,277.6 1,276.8 1,279.6
109.2
109.4
109.0
109.1
109.1
109.0
109.5
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
445.1
92.8
642.6
2,236.7
251.0
445.8
92.1
642.6
2,240.4
251.0
443.0
450.4
447.3
448.1
452.4
449.6
451.9
452.7
453.3
454.6
453.1
92.2
92.1
91.6
91.7
91.7
91.9
91.8
92.1
92.9
92.8
92.9
656.4
642.5
644.3
646.7
648.1
649.9
650.6
652.3
653.4
654.6
652.6
2,247.6 2,244.3 2,255.4 2,256.0 2,259.6 2,266.0 2,270.8 2,269.7 2,276.3 2,279.7 2,273.9
254.5
251.6
252.0
252.2
253.1
253.7
253.7
254.3
254.0
254.3
254.3
67.8
767.5
652.4
164.3
637.9
54.3
67.9
767.0
653.1
163.9
635.2
54.5
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
173.1
68.1
768.3
655.0
164.1
636.3
54.6
68.1
766.4
654.0
164.2
635.1
54.7
68.4
769.3
654.6
164.4
636.0
54.7
See footnotes at end of table.
83
68.2
769.7
655.4
164.0
637.3
54.6
68.1
767.9
656.8
165.0
637.5
55.5
68.4
769.2
658.4
165.2
637.7
55.2
68.9
769.8
659.2
164.7
639.3
54.8
68.2
769.8
659.2
164.8
638.8
55.1
68.8
773.2
659.7
165.6
639.4
55.5
68.5
773.8
658.4
165.5
639.0
55.7
68.6
773.1
658.0
164.5
638.2
55.6
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued
(In thousands)
2000
2001
State
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
92.1
12.8
142.5
46.0
817.8
92.1
12.7
92.1
12.7
142.6
46.0
817.6
91.9
12.8
142.3
46.1
817.5
92.2
12.7
143.9
46.1
822.1
92.2
12.7
144.2
46.1
824.1
92.3
12.7
144.3
46.1
826.0
92.3
12.7
145.1
46.3
827.6
92.3
12.8
145.4
46.3
829.4
92.2
12.7
145.6
46.5
831.0
91.8
12.8
144.6
46.1
833.5
91.8
12.8
144.5
46.2
837.2
91.9
12.7
144.9
46.1
840.5
141.9
141.2
50.5
32.1
443.7
142.1
141.8
50.1
31.6
444.3
142.2
141.9
50.2
31.3
444.3
142.4
141.9
50.3
32.0
445.2
142.6
141.6
50.5
31.9
445.4
143.2
141.6
50.8
31.8
445.5
143.2
141.2
50.9
31.9
445.8
143.2
141.0
51.2
31.8
446.8
143.1
141.6
50.7
31.8
449.3
142.0
141.7
50.6
31.7
451.6
142.2
50.6
32.0
453.2
145.8
46.1
839.9
140.7
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
441.5
141.9
141.0
50.4
31.7
442.8
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
207.0
33.5
23.5
400.9
140.7
206.7
33.3
23.6
400.2
140.7
206.7
33.1
23.6
399.2
140.1
208.2
33.2
23.6
400.9
140.6
207.9
33.2
23.6
400.6
140.6
206.4
33.2
23.6
400.9
140.7
206.5
33.3
23.7
401.0
140.6
206.9
33.3
23.7
400.9
140.7
207.5
33.4
23.8
400.5
141.1
205.6
33.6
23.5
401.2
140.9
206.3
33.8
23.7
402.7
140.4
206.4
33.8
23.5
402.1
140.8
207.6
33.8
23.6
403.0
140.7
85.6
63.3
76.7
86.8
32.1
85.7
63.8
76.5
86.7
32.1
85.5
63.7
76.9
86.5
31.8
85.5
63.6
76.6
86.6
32.1
85.7
63.7
76.3
86.5
32.4
86.0
63.9
76.4
86.7
32.5
86.4
64.6
76.2
86.9
32.6
86.6
64.8
76.2
86.9
32.8
86.9
65.0
76.3
87.0
33.0
87.1
64.7
76.6
86.9
32.8
87.3
64.7
76.9
87.0
32.9
87.2
64.9
76.8
86.8
32.5
87.4
64.8
76.8
86.8
32.4
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
137.5
227.0
205.2
161.2
42.9
137.2
226.9
205.2
161.0
43.1
137.1
228.2
204.3
162.0
43.2
137.4
227.7
203.9
161.1
42.5
137.6
228.2
204.7
160.9
42.1
137.5
228.3
205.4
160.8
42.3
137.9
228.9
205.8
161.0
42.2
138.2
228.9
205.5
161.1
42.5
138.1
229.0
205.6
160.7
42.9
139.2
229.3
207.0
161.2
42.4
138.5
228.8
207.3
161.6
42.2
138.9
229.5
206.6
162.4
42.3
139.3
230.2
206.3
162.8
42.1
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
165.7
17.8
61.1
47.1
32.7
165.8
17.8
61.2
46.5
32.6
166.4
17.7
61.2
46.9
32.7
165.8
17.9
61.2
47.3
32.7
167.0
17.9
61.2
47.7
32.7
168.5
18.0
61.1
47.9
32.7
168.1
18.1
61.2
48.2
32.8
168.1
18.0
61.3
48.3
33.1
168.9
18.0
61.2
48.5
32.9
168.9
18.1
61.4
48.7
32.8
169.0
18.3
61.3
49.1
32.8
169.8
18.2
61.4
49.3
32.7
170.4
18.3
61.3
49.5
32.6
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
264.4
32.0
744.5
186.4
16.6
264.6
32.0
743.6
187.0
16.7
264.1
31.9
744.9
187.3
16.7
264.3
31.9
747.3
187.3
16.6
265.0
31.9
749.2
187.6
16.6
265.7
32.0
748.8
188.3
16.6
266.2
32.1
749.1
188.3
16.6
266.3
32.2
749.8
188.1
16.6
266.9
32.2
749.6
189.1
16.6
267.0
32.3
753.1
189.9
16.5
267.2
32.3
753.5
189.8
16.5
267.6
32.3
753.6
189.5
16.5
267.4
32.3
752.3
188.9
16.3
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
307.9
73.2
93.6
326.4
30.4
307.6
73.4
93.6
326.4
30.2
307.3
73.4
93.6
326.8
30.8
307.5
73.4
93.9
325.9
30.8
307.8
73.7
94.0
326.0
31.1
308.5
73.8
93.9
325.8
31.1
308.7
73.8
94.1
327.1
31.0
309.0
73.9
94.4
327.9
30.9
309.3
73.9
94.6
328.3
30.6
309.8
73.9
94.7
328.9
30.7
309.5
73.9
95.0
328.9
30.6
309.6
73.7
95.0
328.7
30.6
309.8
73.9
95.3
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
81.7
25.8
131.0
523.6
57.0
81.7
25.8
130.9
523.6
56.9
81.6
25.8
131.0
524.7
57.0
81.9
25.9
131.3
524.8
57.1
81.7
25.8
131.1
525.5
57.2
81.9
25.8
131.4
526.3
57.2
81.8
25.9
131.3
526.3
57.4
81.8
26.0
131.2
526.5
57.6
81.8
26.0
131.3
526.9
57.8
81.6
26.1
130.2
527.7
58.6
81.7
26.1
130.4
529.3
58.3
81.7
26.1
130.8
531.1
58.9
81.7
26.1
131.1
531.6
58.7
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
12.4
188.2
137.2
29.4
147.4
8.1
12.4
188.6
136.9
29.5
147.7
8.1
12.3
189.3
136.3
29.5
147.8
8.0
12.3
189.4
136.8
29.4
148.9
8.0
12.3
190.2
136.5
29.4
148.9
8.0
12.3
190.7
137.0
29.4
149.2
8.0
12.3
191.3
137.5
29.4
149.6
8.1
12.3
191.6
137.8
29.5
149.9
8.2
12.4
191.7
138.1
29.7
150.3
8.2
12.4
191.9
138.4
29.6
150.1
8.2
12.4
192.3
138.8
29.6
150.9
8.1
12.4
192.1
138.7
29.7
151.3
8.2
12.5
192.6
138.8
29.9
151.5
8.2
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
141.8
140.8
50.1
31.6
See footnotes at end of table.
84
329.2
30.4
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued
(In thousands)
2000
2001
State
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
Services
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
469.2
72.5
714.0
276.8
4,575.4
469.0
72.8
715.7
276.7
4,591.2
470.1
73.6
713.9
278.7
4,617.8
473.6
73.7
720.2
278.8
4,655.3
474.3
73.9
725.2
279.0
4,664.9
474.6
73.9
724.4
280.2
4,688.3
475.5
73.2
725.7
281.6
4,706.9
475.2
73.6
727.0
282.0
4,721.3
475.2
73.7
730.5
282.5
4,751.8
477.6
74.4
727.0
282.3
4,710.9
476.4
74.7
727.9
283.1
4,720.3
475.7
75.0
726.5
283.1
4,742.7
475.4
75.0
724.5
282.8
4,753.6
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
680.8
534.4
120.8
301.1
2,614.3
680.1
534.6
120.6
298.6
2,624.1
683.3
537.2
120.8
299.4
2,631.7
692.2
541.0
121.7
301.1
2,635.7
692.9
539.7
122.4
302.9
2,649.6
696.1
539.8
122.4
301.0
2,664.5
697.5
539.0
123.8
299.9
2,687.6
698.7
538.8
123.4
301.6
2,700.0
697.1
540.9
123.6
302.3
2,714.2
700.8
540.9
124.6
305.6
2,728.3
704.5
541.0
123.2
303.3
2,735.8
707.1
541.6
124.3
302.8
2,757.7
721.4
541.2
124.3
306.5
2,764.4
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
1,118.7
181.7
141.4
1,863.1
747.8
1,119.7
182.1
141.9
1,855.7
748.9
1,124.8
183.6
142.7
1,860.4
751.5
1,139.5
184.5
143.7
1,854.1
753.6
1,141.8
184.7
144.8
1,857.3
755.1
1,144.7
187.6
145.1
1,863.5
758.9
1,149.8
185.9
144.9
1,860.1
757.7
1,145.7
186.5
145.5
1,864.2
758.6
1,143.3
187.3
146.6
1,861.6
760.2
1,161.5
186.5
144.7
1,880.2
754.0
1,157.0
187.3
145.6
1,882.5
753.7
1,157.8
188.0
145.9
1,882.5
758.4
1,158.6
188.3
147.1
1,877.4
761.5
389.6
347.8
468.1
536.9
181.4
389.6
347.7
467.8
536.7
181.7
389.7
347.1
467.2
535.3
182.3
391.3
347.2
470.0
539.3
182.8
393.0
348.0
471.1
541.3
182.6
393.5
348.5
472.4
542.5
183.4
394.2
349.6
475.5
544.5
184.1
395.7
350.0
477.8
545.3
185.7
396.8
351.6
480.3
547.9
185.8
396.5
352.9
482.8
549.4
186.9
397.5
352.2
482.9
549.4
188.6
398.4
353.5
486.5
548.4
189.1
395.1
353.0
483.4
548.5
188.8
851.9
1,199.8
856.6
1,207.7
1,318.0
777.7
271.7
865.4
1,211.9
1,321.3
782.7
274.4
868.5
1,216.1
1,320.9
784.0
276.0
868.5
1,216.8
1,326.6
784.8
273.7
867.8
1,221.1
1,322.8
785.7
274.1
868.5
1,224.3
1,326.7
785.7
273.8
870.5
1,229.1
1,327.5
786.6
272.6
873.5
1,233.7
1,329.7
788.2
271.7
874.3
1,234.3
1,331.7
790.9
273.4
877.9
1,237.9
1,333.1
793.1
272.0
875.6
1,237.5
1,330.8
271.2
854.1
1,201.1
1,313.2
773.7
271.3
785.4
114.7
251.1
440.7
185.9
781.0
115.2
251.5
443.4
186.1
782.7
116.1
252.2
445.0
187.2
787.4
116.4
254.1
445.5
190.1
788.7
116.8
254.2
448.3
190.8
795.5
117.3
253.8
450.4
190.2
792.1
117.3
253.5
451.0
189.1
791.9
117.8
254.2
452.1
190.6
791.9
117.8
254.5
454.0
191.1
795.2
118.3
257.7
451.6
193.5
791.3
118.7
256.9
454.3
192.4
789.1
119.6
257.2
457.3
194.4
788.9
119.4
257.6
458.4
195.8
1,308.3
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
1,311.1
775.3
792.6
271.8
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
215.1
3,013.2
1,031.1
92.3
1,310.9
214.9
3,021.6
1,030.0
92.4
1,316.7
215.7
3,034.2
1,034.3
92.8
1,317.5
216.0
3,046.9
1,041.5
93.3
1,322.2
216.8
3,051.0
1,042.3
93.2
1,327.0
217.9
3,057.4
1,041.1
93.2
1,330.3
217.4
3,061.4
1,035.4
92.9
1,333.4
217.4
3,068.4
1,040.9
92.9
1,336.2
217.4
3,076.1
1,043.2
92.6
1,335.5
217.0
3,089.3
1,045.7
92.5
1,336.4
218.2
3,100.7
1,050.5
93.1
1,340.0
220.0
3,106.7
1,052.1
93.1
1,340.4
221.6
3,111.0
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
1,587.9
423.0
436.8
1,856.5
163.0
1,584.7
423.8
437.9
1,859.4
162.9
1,592.8
426.7
438.7
1,866.9
162.6
1,597.5
429.4
441.7
1,884.4
163.8
1,591.7
430.3
442.4
1,890.0
163.4
1,597.0
430.5
442.5
1,884.7
163.6
1,598.6
429.9
444.4
1,890.9
164.0
1,602.3
428.3
444.8
1,894.4
164.7
1,605.1
428.9
444.1
1,897.5
165.4
1,603.5
429.5
440.2
1,896.1
164.3
1,605.6
428.4
443.6
1,894.7
164.6
1,608.2
432.5
443.2
1,905.5
165.7
1,608.9
434.6
443.1
1,898.5
166.3
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Utah
458.1
104.4
739.6
2,688.3
307.5
459.0
104.2
738.2
2,700.3
308.8
460.9
104.1
743.3
2,716.8
310.0
463.0
104.0
748.8
2,722.2
310.5
464.4
104.3
750.7
2,737.7
311.5
467.3
104.9
756.0
2,751.9
313.0
469.4
105.5
753.4
2,758.6
314.9
476.2
106.0
755.6
2,766.3
316.4
477.7
105.5
756.5
2,778.2
317.4
476.5
105.3
749.3
2,787.3
317.7
477.2
105.2
754.2
2,798.4
317.7
476.1
105.9
755.2
2,803.8
319.7
478.4
105.9
759.4
2,807.7
321.6
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
90.3
1,122.4
770.1
225.5
764.3
55.2
91.1
1,124.8
774.7
225.4
765.7
54.7
91.6
1,129.7
778.0
226.4
766.9
54.9
91.5
1,132.3
784.9
225.7
770.4
54.6
91.7
1,137.7
787.4
226.0
770.5
54.7
92.1
1,142.6
789.3
227.2
768.5
54.5
92.0
1,148.7
791.1
227.9
769.1
55.0
92.4
1,154.2
793.8
228.9
771.6
55.5
92.1
1,154.5
796.3
229.9
773.5
56.2
92.1
1,157.1
798.7
231.4
777.7
56.7
92.1
1,159.4
796.6
230.4
780.4
57.1
92.2
1,160.4
797.2
230.0
781.6
57.4
Texas
See footnotes at end of table.
85
1,054.6
92.6
92.0
1.161.6
798.0
229.4
781.2
57.2
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE EMPLOYMENT
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued
(In thousands)
2000
2001
State
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
|
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
Government
351.7
351.4
346.9
349.5
355.3
355.1
352.4
351.9
351.2
351.5
351.9
75.2
74.3
75.2
74.9
74.6
74.5
74.4
74.4
73.9
74.9
75.2
373.2
367.1
369.7
368.5
369.1
368.9
371.1
370.4
368.4
371.7
371.8
193.0
193.2
192.9
194.3
190.1
190.5
190.9
191.0
191.5
192.5
192.8
2,328.0 2,328.4 2,334.0 2,327.8 2,330.3 2,335.9 2,342.3 2,345.2 2,347.9 2,358.9 2,365.3
2,310.0
360.9
75.2
373.5
194.3
2,355.1
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
334.6
241.8
56.5
223.4
993.1
340.6
246.9
56.9
224.3
1,015.3
335.7
244.2
56.9
224.5
996.0
337.2
242.1
56.7
223.9
992.4
342.1
242.3
56.2
230.2
990.5
343.8
240.1
56.1
225.2
993.7
343.7
241.6
57.3
223.3
997.6
344.9
241.9
57.5
222.7
998.2
349.5
241.7
57.8
223.2
1,000.1
351.6
244.0
57.8
222.8
1,005.4
352.5
244.6
58.5
221.6
1,007.1
345.4
243.1
57.7
221.8
1,007.0
348.3
243.4
57.8
220.9
1,008.3
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
597.3
114.3
108.9
832.8
410.5
609.2
116.2
111.7
846.7
415.6
594.6
115.1
108.4
844.9
416.9
605.3
115.1
109.0
837.6
416.3
614.7
111.9
108.1
843.2
414.8
607.9
117.3
108.0
828.4
409.0
606.5
114.5
108.6
824.6
410.8
607.7
114.5
108.3
819.9
411.4
608.6
114.8
108.7
824.5
410.2
608.8
111.7
109.2
828.8
409.8
613.2
115.8
109.5
830.4
411.7
611.9
115.2
109.7
830.9
412.5
615.1
114.0
109.2
826.7
412.1
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
242.4
245.1
306.3
374.5
98.8
246.1
249.0
311.4
382.9
101.0
241.3
249.2
310.1
375.9
99.9
241.5
247.9
310.6
376.5
101.2
241.7
247.3
310.2
373.3
100.1
241.8
241.6
308.3
373.1
100.8
241.1
244.0
308.2
374.2
100.1
241.3
246.3
309.6
374.5
100.7
241.1
244.5
310.2
374.5
100.9
241.7
245.3
310.0
372.1
100.4
242.3
243.8
312.2
374.8
100.2
241.2
245.5
311.9
373.4
99.6
241.4
247.0
312.4
372.3
99.8
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
449.4
424.4
683.3
397.2
232.3
455.4
431.2
692.5
400.6
236.9
453.0
425.5
689.7
396.2
234.4
423.8
425.9
688.3
396.4
238.5
424.6
421.0
684.6
398.9
235.7
447.4
428.3
682.4
399.7
235.5
449.9
423.7
683.9
396.5
235.1
450.9
424.4
685.1
396.1
235.4
451.5
424.7
686.4
397.9
235.8
448.5
425.8
691.2
391.7
235.1
449.5
424.7
689.8
395.7
235.5
448.8
426.2
693.3
394.9
237.4
450.0
426.2
693.3
398.0
237.2
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
424.5
80.1
153.2
120.9
83.5
428.1
81.8
154.8
124.5
85.0
432.3
79.7
155.1
121.9
83.6
421.6
81.3
154.3
121.8
82.4
427.2
81.8
155.4
121.8
82.5
422.5
81.5
153.7
121.4
82.6
421.1
80.5
152.5
122.2
82.3
424.1
80.6
153.6
122.8
82.4
424.4
80.7
154.3
123.6
81.9
428.6
80.9
154.6
123.4
83.4
429.4
80.7
154.8
124.6
82.4
429.8
80.3
155.9
124.2
81.6
430.0
80.1
155.1
126.3
81.8
586.6
183.9
1,473.0
613.7
73.3
595.6
185.9
1,496.6
624.7
73.5
783.6
286.9
266.5
726.9
64.1
793.6
292.5
271.7
740.4
66.0
323.7
70.4
395.6
1,562.3
184.2
330.3
71.1
402.9
1,590.4
186.4
49.4
621.6
481.9
142.6
406.9
60.9
50.4
629.4
491.8
155.8
407.7
61.1
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Nevada
New Hampshire ....
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
352.4
74.5
365.1
189.8
588.2
590.0
589.6
182.2
182.8
183.0
1,473.6 1,473.4 1,448.6
627.5
628.7
641.6
73.3
71.2
71.8
785.4
290.2
268.8
721.8
64.4
784.2
287.9
264.4
725.5
64.5
784.8
287.5
264.0
727.1
64.1
784.7
287.9
264.1
727.9
64.2
786.2
287.9
264.0
727.2
63.7
786.0
288.5
264.7
729.7
63.8
327.0
326.6
330.8
70.1
69.7
70.2
402.4
403.4
402.0
1,566.5 1,552.8 1,561.9
184.3
186.3
185.9
319.5
70.0
395.1
1,567.4
186.0
318.0
71.0
397.9
1,567.4
185.8
328.3
70.7
398.8
1,569.6
186.0
318.0
70.8
399.2
1,574.7
186.5
321.7
70.6
399.8
1,576.9
187.4
49.5
623.1
481.6
141.6
402.0
60.6
49.7
622.0
483.0
140.7
402.0
60.3
49.6
622.0
484.1
141.1
403.9
60.3
49.9
622.6
483.9
141.5
401.2
60.6
49.9
621.7
485.9
139.3
402.1
60.2
783.0
290.3
268.4
724.7
64.5
49.6
626.9
483.8
142.4
410.5
60.5
786.5
289.1
269.5
728.1
65.3
49.7
628.5
482.3
143.8
405.3
62.1
49.7
631.2
485.2
142.4
407.9
61.7
789.3
289.1
265.4
729.0
64.0
790.5
288.9
266.1
731.5
64.2
791.6
290.2
265.3
731.3
64.2
320.0
320.1
319.6
70.3
70.7
70.7
401.9
400.6
398.8
1,584.2
1,581.8 1,583.5
188.3
188.2
187.9
49.9
623.8
485.5
142.6
408.2
60.7
49.8
623.8
486.5
142.6
410.0
60.6
49.5
625.0
488.2
143.4
411.2
60.3
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: All State data currently reflect March 2000 benchmarks levels. When more
recent benchmark data are introduced with the release of January 2002 estimates,
all seasonally adjusted data from January 1997 are subject to revision.
1
Includes mining, not shown separately.
Mining is combined with construction.
This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal
component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components,
cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
2
3
589.6
590.3
590.9
592.2
592.8
595.1
592.8
592.7
184.4
182.9
182.7
182.6
183.0
181.6
183.2
184.1
1,463.6 1,460.3 1,460.7 1,458.8 1,458.7 1,459.5 1,457.2 1,461.3
643.4
634.9
631.1
632.5
634.1
635.3
638.3
643.1
72.9
73.4
73.5
73.2
73.4
73.4
73.5
73.0
86
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry
and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
2001
2000
Industry
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
MayP
34.4
34.5
34.4
34.3
34.4
34.4
34.3
34.2
34.4
34.3
34.3
34.2
34.3
41.0
41.0
41.1
40.8
40.7
40.8
40.6
40.1
40.5
40.3
40.5
40.6
40.6
Mining
42.8
43.0
43.2
43.1
43.0
43.1
43.0
42.5
43.1
43.2
43.8
44.0
43.9
Construction
39.2
39.0
39.0
39.2
38.9
39.2
38.9
38.7
39.1
38.7
39.1
39.3
39.9
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
41.6
4.6
41.7
4.6
41.8
4.7
41.4
4.5
41.4
4.4
41.4
4.5
41.2
4.3
40.6
4.1
41.0
4.2
40.9
3.9
41.0
4.1
41.0
3.9
40.8
3.9
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manfacturing
42.1
4.8
41.0
40.4
43.1
44.7
46.4
42.7
42.1
41.2
43.1
44.3
41.5
39.1
42.2
4.8
41.0
40.2
42.8
45.1
46.5
42.7
42.3
41.2
43.6
44.7
41.5
39.0
42.4
4.8
41.0
40.1
43.2
45.2
46.2
43.0
42.5
41.5
43.7
44.5
41.6
39.3
41.9
4.6
40.7
39.6
43.0
44.7
45.9
42.3
42.1
40.5
43.2
44.3
40.9
38.7
41.8
4.5
40.8
39.7
42.9
44.7
45.8
42.2
41.9
40.7
42.9
43.8
41.1
38.5
41.9
4.6
40.9
39.7
43.2
44.4
45.1
42.2
42.0
40.7
43.0
43.9
41.2
38.6
41.6
4.4
40.8
39.4
43.0
44.4
45.2
42.1
41.7
40.5
42.5
43.2
41.2
38.4
41.0
4.1
40.2
38.8
42.3
43.5
44.7
41.3
41.1
40.3
41.5
41.5
40.7
38.1
41.3
4.1
39.8
39.2
43.0
43.8
44.7
41.7
41.5
40.3
42.0
42.1
41.0
38.3
41.1
3.9
40.1
39.1
42.8
43.2
44.4
41.7
41.0
40.3
42.0
42.0
41.1
38.2
41.3
4.0
40.3
39.1
43.7
43.4
44.4
41.9
41.2
40.1
42.0
42.3
41.0
38.2
41.3
3.9
40.0
39.1
43.2
44.3
45.4
42.1
41.3
39.8
42.3
43.2
41.0
38.2
41.1
3.9
40.5
38.5
44.0
43.4
44.5
41.7
40.8
39.1
42.3
43.5
40.9
38.1
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
40.8
4.4
41.7
41.0
41.3
37.8
42.6
38.3
42.5
(2)
41.5
37.6
40.8
4.4
41.9
40.8
41.1
37.9
42.6
38.4
42.4
(2)
41.3
37.4
41.0
4.5
41.8
42.4
41.6
38.1
42.6
38.4
42.7
(2)
41.5
37.6
40.7
4.4
41.8
41.0
40.8
37.7
42.5
38.1
42.3
(2)
41.3
37.4
40.7
4.3
41.6
41.0
40.8
37.6
42.4
38.2
42.4
(2)
41.3
37.3
40.6
4.3
41.5
40.3
40.6
37.5
42.3
38.2
42.3
(2)
41.2
37.4
40.5
4.2
41.4
40.4
40.5
37.6
42.2
38.2
42.1
(2)
41.0
37.3
40.1
4.1
40.9
40.3
40.5
37.2
41.7
37.9
42.1
(2)
40.4
36.8
40.6
4.3
41.3
40.4
40.7
37.6
41.9
38.4
42.6
(2)
41.0
36.9
40.4
4.0
41.1
39.8
40.4
37.6
41.7
38.4
42.3
(2)
40.9
36.4
40.5
4.1
41.2
40.0
40.5
37.5
41.8
38.6
42.3
(2)
41.0
36.1
40.6
3.9
41.4
41.1
40.3
38.0
42.1
38.1
42.6
(2)
40.7
36.7
40.3
4.0
41.0
39.8
40.8
37.8
41.6
38.0
41.9
(2)
40.8
36.8
32.8
32.8
32.8
32.7
32.8
32.8
32.8
32.7
32.9
32.8
32.8
32.7
32.8
Transportation and public utilities
38.5
38.5
38.5
38.4
38.5
38.6
38.6
38.7
38.7
38.5
38.3
38.2
38.3
Wholesale trade
38.3
38.5
38.5
38.3
38.4
38.4
38.4
38.3
38.3
38.1
38.3
38.2
38.2
Retail trade
28.9
28.9
28.9
28.9
28.8
28.9
28.9
28.7
29.1
28.9
28.8
28.8
28.8
Finance, insurance, and real estate
36.2
36.5
36.2
36.2
36.4
36.2
36.2
36.2
36.2
36.3
36.3
36.3
36.3
Services
32.7
32.7
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.6
32.6
32.6
32.7
32.7
32.8
32.6
32.7
Total private
Goods-producing
Service-producing
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.
2
This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal
components, which are small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular
components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks; the
introduction of probability-based sample estimates for mining, construction, and
manufacturing; and recomputed seasonal adjustment factors. See the article in
this issue for additional information.
87
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry
and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted
(1982=100)
2000
2001
Industry
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manfacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec,
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
MayP
151.1
151.5
151.6
151.3
151.7
151.8
151.8
151.2
152.2
151.7
152.0
151.5
151.5
116.5
117.0
116.0
115.4
115.7
114.9
113.5
114.4
113.6
114.1
113.4
112.9
51.6
52.3
52.0
51.4
52.5
53.2
54.5
55.0
55.5
183.6
185.8
184.7
184.2
187.6
186.9
191.0
189.9
193.4
103.9
102.2
102.5
101.5
101.2
100.6
99.1
109.6
143.0
107.4
137.4
135.2
105.9
137.7
133.7
119.7
86.2
66.6
120.8
118.2
101.0
107.7
117.9
155.8
75.9
97.9
99.4
106.9
114.6
148.8
75.2
97.2
106.4
137.4
133.7
117.2
87.0
67.0
117.1
98.3
105.4
137.0
132.4
118.0
91.1
70.2
107.5
139.6
134.5
115.8
88.4
69.0
116.5
50.7
183.0
51.1
182.3
51.5
51.1
182.8
184.3
106.4
106.6
107.0
105.5
104.7
104.6
111.8
148.3
112.3
148.1
113.0
111.1
145.7
110.4
110.4
144.2
141.6
141.5
141.8
145.0
139.2
119.1
92.9
72.9
123.0
102.3
108.8
122.8
165.7
75.4
99.7
118.0
119.6
93.7
72.6
124.4
104.4
111.0
123.4
164.3
93.5
73.0
123.2
103.3
109.2
124.0
166.6
75.8
99.5
148.1
121.5
76.1
139.1
118.8
92.9
72.1
121.9
103.4
108.4
120.6
161.9
75.0
100.6
99.1
97.5
92.0
71.5
101.8
108.6
119.2
159.2
75.4
139.2
118.8
91.6
70.4
121.1
102.1
108.4
119.5
159.3
75.6
98.1
137.2
117.8
88.3
68.2
118.3
100.6
106.1
113.3
146.5
75.7
96.6
113.5
146.4
75.7
94.9
45.9
95.7
116.0
46.0
94.8
115.4
43.4
69.7
98.7
98.9
97.7
97.0
96.7
96.2
94.9
117.8
52.5
117.2
50.8
71.7
51.3
71.2
51.4
121.4
100.7
70.4
150.0
121.2
100.0
70.4
149.3
145.9
102.0
119.4
98.6
70.1
144.5
100.4
118.2
98.6
69.3
141.4
100.9
119.3
99.7
73.1
149.6
75.1
54.2
103.0
120.3
99.2
70.1
147.8
116.0
48.0
72.4
52.4
114.7
76.9
115.3
48.7
74.4
53.5
102.7
116.2
103.6
118.2
52.6
76.0
55.7
103.6
31.2
31.0
32.4
31.0
30.4
29.9
29.8
166.6
167.2
167.1
167.2
168.0
168.0
137.1
137.4
138.0
136.1
138.9
131.2
132.1
132.2
131.7
145.6
145.8
146.0
137.9
138.9
209.0
209.7
99.0
118.0
54.8
76.7
55.7
105.2
117.1
97.0
103.4
113.1
146.0
75.2
95.3
118.0
86.8
67.6
117.0
96.3
101.0
113.7
148.7
74.9
95.3
84.1
65.5
114.8
94.2
97.6
112.4
147.0
74.3
93.2
94.1
116.1
46.8
68.3
50.1
100.0
142.3
50.9
99.8
119.0
99.0
70.0
140.6
94.7
115.9
45.6
69.5
50.4
99.4
119.2
98.9
69.5
140.4
98.7
73.3
137.9
98.0
115.1
96.9
70.1
138.0
29.4
28.9
29.1
28.8
28.2
27.7
168.3
168.2
169.2
168.9
169.1
168.5
168.8
139.6
139.8
140.6
140.8
140.3
139.9
139.6
140.1
132.1
132.4
132.5
132.2
132.3
131.4
132.0
131.4
130.9
146.1
145.7
146.1
146.4
145.5
147.5
146.8
146.0
146.6
146.3
137.9
138.1
139.2
138.7
138.9
139.0
139.2
139.8
140.0
140.2
140.6
209.5
210.2
211.4
210.8
211.2
211.4
212.4
212.5
213.4
211.7
212.7
55.8
103.4
121.4
100.5
69.9
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.
P = preliminary.
118.3
103.6
137.7
128.9
119.4
120.3
99.4
69.8
147.0
45.9
73.0
52.8
102.5
120.3
99.2
70.3
116.2
93.0
114.8
47.3
67.5
49.5
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks; the
introduction of probability-based sample estimates for mining, construction, and
manufacturing; and recomputed seasonal adjustment factors. See the article in
this issue for additional information.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ALL-EMPLOYEE HOURS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, seasonally adjusted
Millions of hours (annual rate)1
Percent change
Industry
March
2001 r
Total
Private sector
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities ..
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
April
2001r
May
2001 p
March 2001
to
April 2001r
April 2001
to
May 2001 p
0.1
-0.8
0.8
-.2
-.1
241,250
239,430
241,256
202,561
202,176
202,035
1,268
14,088
38,743
23,536
15,207
14,232
14,073
35,129
14,377
70,652
1,278
14,001
38,540
23,406
15,134
14,178
14,012
35,221
14,454
70,492
1,289
14,279
38,117
23,105
15,013
14,235
13,984
35,213
14,429
70,489
6.9
5.4
-4.7
-4.9
-4.3
1.4
.2
.8
1.4
1.9
.8
-.6
-.5
-.6
-.5
-.4
-.4
.3
.5
-.2
.9
2.0
-1.1
-1.3
-.8
.4
-.2
.0
-.2
.0
38,689
37,254
39,220
-1.9
-3.7
5.3
1
largely on establishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS
Bulletin 2490, chapter 10, "Productivity Measures: Business Sector and
Major Subsectors".
SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202—691-5606).
Historical data for this series also are available on the Internet at the
following address:
ftp://ftp. bls.aov/Dub/sDecial.reQuests/oDt/tableb10.txt
Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted,
multiplied by 52.
p
= preliminary.
r
= revised.
NOTE: Data
refer
to hours of all employees—production
workers, nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based
May 2000
to
May 2001 p
89
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-11. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry,
seasonally adjusted
2000
2001
Industry
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
MayP
Average hourly earnings
Total private (in current dollars)
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime2
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Total private (in constant (1982) dollars)3
Goods-producing
Service-producing
$13.67 $13.72 $13.75 $13.80 $13.84 $13.90 $13.97 $14.03 $14.03 $14.11 $14.17 $14.22 $14.26
15.29
15.35
15.38
15.45
15.47
15.57
15.63
15.65
15.67
15.74
15.79
15.79
15.88
17.27
17.76
14.28
13.53
17.29
17.80
14.35
13.60
17.29
17.86
14.37
13.62
17.25
17.93
14.43
13.69
17.24
17.97
14.44
13.73
17.30
18.02
14.54
13.80
17.38
18.16
14.57
13.84
17.43
18.17
14.58
13.88
17.49
18.28
14.54
13.83
17.52
18.30
14.63
13.94
17.55
18.33
14.66
13.96
17.55
18.16
14.73
14.05
17.59
18.25
14.78
14.09
13.16
13.22
13.24
13.29
13.34
13.39
13.46
13.53
13.54
13.62
13.68
13.74
13.77
16.20
15.08
9.41
15.00
13.82
16.26
15.21
9.44
15.04
13.87
16.18
15.24
9.47
15.07
13.92
16.27
15.25
9.50
15.13
13.97
16.31
15.33
9.54
15.19
14.01
16.39
15.37
9.57
15.20
14.07
16.42
15.44
9.61
15.28
14.16
16.50
15.55
9.65
15.35
14.23
16.51
15.53
9.64
15.44
14.25
16.64
15.60
9.69
15.55
14.34
16.68
15.68
9.72
15.61
14.40
16.77
15.76
9.74
15.64
14.48
16.74
15.78
9.80
15.70
14.50
7.89
8.82
7.59
7.87
8.81
7.58
7.87
8.80
7.58
7.90
8.84
7.61
7.88
8.80
7.59
7.90
8.85
7.61
7.92
8.86
7.63
7.94
8.86
7.66
7.90
8.82
7.62
7.92
8.83
7.64
7.95
8.86
7.68
7.94
8.82
7.68
(4)
(4)
(4)
Average weekly earnings
Total private (in current dollars)
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
470.25 473.34 473.00 473.34 476.10 478.16 479.17 479.83 482.63 483.97 486.03 486.32 489.12
626.89 629.35 632.12 630.36 629.63 635.26 634.58 627.57 634.64 634.32 639.50 641.07 644.73
739.16 743.47 746.93 743.48 741.32 745.63 747.34 740.78 753.82 756.86 768.69 772.20 772.20
696.19 694.20 696.54 702.86 699.03 706.38 706.42 703.18 714.75 708.21 716.70 713.69 728.18
594.05 598.40 600.67 597.40 597.82 601.96 600.28 591.95 596.14 598.37 601.06 603.93 603.02
Manufacturing
431.65 433.62 434.27 434.58 437.55 439.19 441.49 442.43 445.47 446.74 448.70 449.30 451.66
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Total private (in constant (1982) dollars)3
Goods-producing
Service-producing
623.70
577.56
271.95
543.00
451.91
626.01
585.59
272.82
548.96
453.55
622.93
586.74
273.68
545.53
453.79
624.77
584.08
274.55
547.71
455.42
632.65
590.21
276.57
550.24
458.68
633.81
592.90
277.73
553.14
461.62
638.55
595.57
276.96
555.67
463.90
638.94
594.80
280.52
558.93
465.98
640.64
594.36
280.04
564.47
468.92
638.84
600.54
279.94
566.64
472.32
640.61
602.03
280.51
567.73
472.05
271.35 271.57 270.75 270.94 270.97 271.68 271.64 271.55 271.60 271.59 272.74 271.69
361.74 361.07 361.83 360.82 358.36 360.94 359.74 355.16 357.14 355.96 358.87 358.14
249.08 248.78 248.58 248.76 249.03 249.54 250.28 250.38 250.69 250.70 251.80 251.01
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and
one-half.
3
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
627.94
588.67
274.75
552.92
458.13
641.14
602.80
282.24
569.91
474.15
(4)
(4)
(4)
(CPI-W) is used to deflate these series.
4
Not available.
p
= preliminary.
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks; the
introduction of probability-based sample estimates for mining, construction, and
manufacturing; and recomputed seasonal adjustment factors. See the article
in this issue for additional information.
90
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC
Pnrtp
UUUc
All employees
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Production workers'
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
-
-
-
-
Total
131,759 131,544 131,703 132,357 133,067
-
Total private
111,079 110,381 110,569 111,194 111,885
91,032
90,428
90,420
91,022
91,648
441
Mining
543
533
548
554
563
417
409
427
433
Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores
10
101
102
40.6
7.7
10.5
40.3
7.7
10.6
37.0
6.5
8.9
36.7
6.5
8.8
36.6
_
-
30.8
6.3
7.7
30.6
6.3
7.8
27.7
5.2
6.6
27.6
5.2
6.5
_
-
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining
12
122
77.2
71.8
78.6
72.9
75.8
70.7
75.6
70.2
76.0
-
63.4
59.0
64.3
59.6
63.1
58.8
62.9
58.4
_
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services
13
131
138
311.1
125.1
181.8
301.8
124.2
173.4
326.8
123.9
199.1
330.2
124.5
201.9
336.4
_
-
236.5
73.7
158.3
227.7
73.1
150.2
254.5
75.5
174.9
257.6
75.6
177.9
_
_
-
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Crushed and broken stone
Sand and gravel
Chemical and fertilizer minerals
14
142
144
147
113.7
44.7
37.4
10.7
112.4
44.8
37.0
10.2
108.0
42.5
33.3
11.7
111.4
43.8
34.6
11.7
114.1
_
_
-
86.5
35.3
_
-
85.9
35.5
_
-
81.7
33.3
_
-
85.1
34.4
_
-
_
_
_
-
6,698
6,523
6,526
6,708
6,938
5,180
5,027
5,006
5,178
1,479.2
797.6
31.8
649.8
1,484.3
804.6
30.9
648.8
1,511.3
818.5
31.8
661.0
1,550.6
_
_
-
1,059.9
557.3
13.0
489.7
1,019.0
532.8
13.4
472.8
1,012.9
532.4
12.5
468.0
1,033.6
547.3
12.9
473.4
-
952.3
-
749.9
226.8
523.1
730.1
220.4
509.7
691.3
178.6
512.7
750.3
217.7
532.6
_
-
Construction
-
5,393
_
_
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
15
152
153
154
1,527.6
826.2
31.4
670.0
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
16
161
162
900.7
279.9
620.7
879.1
272.6
606.5
837.6
230.7
606.9
897.4
268.8
628.6
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
4,269.4
936.5
227.7
866.1
567.0
324.0
252.9
4,164.2
915.9
216.2
843.4
560.0
308.4
248.1
4,204.2
945.1
210.0
872.7
577.4
328.4
232.7
4,299 1
952.3
222.3
868.2
586.1
326.5
245.3
4,434.9
_
_
_
-
3,370.5
693.4
188.0
689.0
494.6
241.0
197.0
3,278.3
677.7
177.8
667.6
488.5
226.6
193.9
3,301.3
692.6
171.4
689.7
506.1
243.4
177.3
3,394.3
699.6
183.2
688.9
511.7
240.0
191.4
_
_
_
-
18,469
18,444
18,025
17,928
17,847
12,628
12,644
12,186
12,111
12,033
Manufacturing
Durable goods
11,138
11,111
10,902
10,842
10,770
7,591
7,595
7,333
7,296
7,229
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ....
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
831.8
79.5
184.5
143.4
39.1
335.4
125.9
101.9
30.5
27.9
58.9
90.8
65.7
82.7
828.2
71.5
185.5
144.4
39.2
334.4
125.6
100.9
30.6
27.9
59.3
93.2
68.0
84.3
783.1
70.8
176.1
137.4
36.0
320.9
118.5
99.5
29.4
24.4
59.6
76.8
53.5
78.9
789.8
70.8
177.4
138.6
36.1
324.5
119.2
99.6
29.2
25.5
59.9
78.3
54.1
78.9
793.1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
678.1
63.2
160.3
124.0
34.7
267.9
97.3
83.0
26.1
24.9
48.7
70.7
54.3
67.4
674.6
55.8
161.1
124.8
34.9
266.7
96.7
82.0
26.3
24.9
49.3
72.7
56.3
69.0
632.3
55.1
150.9
117.3
31.5
255.5
90.8
82.0
24.8
21.8
48.5
58.7
43.4
63.6
637.6
55.8
151.8
118.0
31.7
257.8
91.3
81.8
24.7
22.2
48.8
59.7
44.0
63.7
639.8
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
558.2
293.1
130.3
94.8
20.0
37.3
559.8
296.9
131.3
95.8
20.8
37.9
547.2
286.9
126.4
91.5
20.3
37.1
543.5
285.3
124.8
92.1
19.8
36.8
537.2
_
_
_
_
-
445.4
249.7
114.0
80.6
16.7
29.4
447.5
254.1
115.2
81.6
17.5
30.0
434.1
242.1
109.9
76.5
16.6
29.0
431.4
240.4
108.6
76.9
16.1
28.7
424.4
_
_
_
_
-
See footnotes at end of table.
91
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Furniture and fixtures—Continued
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Mineral wool
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
1987
SIC
Cnr\e*
uUUc
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
252
253
254
259
78.7
52.9
90.8
42.7
76.5
53.2
91.0
42.2
77.9
51.3
88.6
42.5
76.0
51.4
88.6
42.2
32
321
322
578.9
16.0
66.8
22.0
44.8
65.5
17.7
33.5
38.3
248.3
21.0
84.9
123.4
73.6
18.2
23.9
576.4
16.0
65.1
22.0
43.1
66.1
17.5
33.6
38.4
246.7
20.5
84.4
122.6
74.0
18.1
23.7
567.0
15.4
67.9
20.9
47.0
62.6
17.8
35.3
35.6
242.0
20.4
85.2
118.9
71.0
17.7
23.3
573.8
15.7
68.4
21.0
47.4
62.0
17.9
35.5
35.3
249.1
20.9
86.7
124.0
70.0
17.7
23.1
577.5
697.7
224.5
151.2
30.3
122.8
77.4
699.9
225.3
152.0
30.1
124.4
78.4
670.1
214.6
144.3
29.6
115.7
73.4
664.1
213.0
142.6
29.9
114.5
72.7
655.3
211.3
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
3296
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365
34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
3.7
3.8
3.5
3.5
26.5
35.6
21.1
176.2
22.0
22.7
77.7
94.1
26.2
26.7
35.4
21.0
175.7
21.9
23.3
76.2
95.2
26.5
24.3
33.9
19.5
174.1
23.5
21.4
78.4
87.3
25.4
23.9
33.1
19.4
171.8
23.0
21.2
77.1
87.8
25.2
1,537.0
35.9
28.5
120.5
45.3
63.1
59.5
23.8
19.5
498.4
88.0
88.0
102.7
130.2
38.5
106.7
53.9
52.9
254.7
30.6
122.3
88.5
146.4
87.8
58.6
1,534.2
35.6
28.6
121.7
45.5
63.9
59.5
24.1
19.3
493.3
88.0
87.3
102.1
127.3
38.2
106.9
53.6
53.3
256.7
30.6
123.7
89.3
146.4
87.6
58.8
1,504.0
35.8
28.3
113.0
41.9
59.8
58.3
23.6
18.8
491.6
90.5
82.0
105.1
127.2
37.4
102.0
51.4
50.6
244.9
30.1
115.0
86.8
143.2
83.3
59.9
1,496.4
35.5
28.2
111.6
41.8
58.7
58.4
23.6
18.7
491.2
90.8
81.9
104.5
126.3
38.5
101.1
50.9
50.2
244.4
30.4
115.4
85.5
140.2
81.2
59.0
See footnotes at end of table.
Production workers'
All employees
92
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1,485.1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
55.9
41.6
69.3
29.0
54.3
41.2
69.5
28.4
54.9
41.4
67.0
28.7
53.6
41.5
67.2
28.7
456.1
13.2
54.5
19.2
35.3
51.3
12.9
26.3
30.1
196.3
14.5
67.2
99.8
56.5
14.2
454.9
13.3
53.4
19.2
34.2
52.1
12.7
26.1
30.0
195.6
14.2
66.7
99.5
56.8
14.1
443.2
12.9
53.9
18.5
35.4
48.5
12.9
28.1
27.8
191.4
13.2
68.1
96.8
53.2
13.7
450.0
12.9
54.3
18.6
35.7
47.8
13.0
28.1
27.5
198.7
13.6
69.9
101.3
52.7
13.7
546.2
175.3
119.3
23.0
101.8
65.4
548.8
176.1
120.1
22.8
103.3
66.3
522.9
166.5
112.9
22.7
95.6
62.0
516.8
165.0
111.0
23.1
94.7
61.3
2.8
2.8
2.6
2.6
21.7
27.7
17.2
133.3
17.6
16.7
58.4
75.7
21.2
22.0
27.5
17.1
133.0
17.6
17.0
57.4
77.0
21.4
19.6
26.1
15.7
132.9
18.9
16.0
59.4
69.5
20.2
19.5
25.3
15.6
130.4
18.4
15.8
57.9
69.9
20.1
1,157.2
30.7
24.7
93.6
35.7
48.8
42.5
17.0
13.1
363.1
64.0
65.4
74.1
99.6
28.0
83.4
43.8
39.7
201.4
22.5
100.8
67.6
119.2
72.7
46.5
1,155.8
30.3
24.7
94.5
35.7
49.7
42.3
17.3
12.8
359.0
64.3
64.9
73.9
96.3
28.1
84.2
44.0
40.2
203.4
22.6
102.2
68.3
119.5
72.2
47.3
1,121.0
30.5
24.6
87.0
32.5
46.1
40.6
16.8
12.6
355.8
65.7
59.9
75.6
96.9
26.9
78.2
41.7
36.5
191.6
21.8
94.2
65.7
115.8
68.7
47.1
1,114.6
30.3
24.5
85.7
32.2
45.2
40.7
16.8
12.4
354.9
65.8
59.7
75.2
95.7
28.0
77.5
41.4
36.1
191.8
22.2
94.9
64.7
113.1
66.9
46.2
May
2001P
_
_
452.3
_
_
_
_
_
_
509.7
163.9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1,105.1
_
_
_
—
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Fabricated metal products—Continued
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products
1987
SIC
Code
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
348
3483
349
3494
3496
38.2
17.6
276.8
22.3
56.7
38.4
17.7
275.7
22.1
56.7
37.9
17.8
277.3
22.6
55.2
37.8
17.9
276.2
22.4
54.7
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571
2,120.2
85.1
24.8
60.4
96.3
70.1
239.6
93.1
14.6
41.7
39.0
32.2
330.0
40.7
18.1
157.3
50.1
20.0
171.5
12.3
22.7
25.3
251.1
29.6
40.8
24.9
35.9
16.0
19.8
361.4
198.0
2,113.2
83.4
23.1
60.3
101.2
71.4
239.7
93.8
15.0
40.6
39.5
31.9
331.2
40.8
18.0
157.9
49.6
20.3
169.3
12.4
22.3
25.0
251.3
29.5
40.5
24.8
36.2
16.2
19.8
353.0
188.0
2,086.6
82.7
25.4
57.3
97.8
70.6
237.5
90.3
14.3
44.8
37.7
31.7
311.5
38.9
17.0
148.5
47.6
19.0
165.4
11.1
22.8
26.0
242.5
29.0
38.1
25.2
34.6
14.1
19.1
367.1
208.6
2,070.7
82.2
25.0
57.2
96.3
69.5
235.2
88.8
14.4
45.3
37.0
31.3
307.5
38.4
15.9
146.6
46.6
18.9
164.7
11.2
23.3
26.1
241.5
29.0
37.7
25.3
34.5
14.2
18.8
363.2
206.0
56.1
212.4
148.4
372.8
24.5
303.7
56.9
213.5
149.2
370.6
24.4
301.3
55.6
205.1
142.0
377.0
23.7
309.4
55.4
204.0
141.1
376.1
23.6
309.0
1,718.7
85.0
37.9
47.2
150.4
71.2
55.2
116.2
28.5
16.5
22.4
183.2
19.3
62.1
1,698.0
84.1
37.7
46.4
149.0
70.5
54.9
117.8
28.8
16.9
22.1
184.3
19.9
62.3
1,708.7
84.7
37.6
47.1
148.2
69.5
54.3
118.9
35.4
15.4
21.5
176.1
18.1
61.8
1,678.3
83.0
37.2
45.8
147.1
69.1
53.9
120.0
36.7
15.8
20.8
175.8
17.9
61.5
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee...
3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
See footnotes at end of table.
Production workers1
All employees
93
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
2,055.2
362.0
1,652.4
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
22.5
8.3
200.8
16.1
42.4
22.6
8.2
200.0
15.9
42.4
22.2
8.4
199.3
16.0
40.4
22.3
8.5
198.3
15.9
39.8
1,321.9
56.2
14.0
42.2
66.0
48.8
150.6
62.9
8.6
24.4
20.5
22.0
230.3
24.6
10.4
118.2
35.8
14.0
92.1
7.8
13.0
13.7
160.3
16.5
31.5
13.7
25.3
11.4
14.8
135.7
72.2
1,326.5
55.1
12.7
42.4
70.4
50.0
150.9
63.3
8.9
23.5
21.0
22.0
232.3
24.8
10.4
119.1
35.7
14.2
91.5
7.8
12.6
13.6
161.4
16.5
31.2
13.6
25.7
11.7
14.9
134.4
68.8
1,280.3
53.3
14.1
39.2
67.0
49.2
148.8
60.2
8.3
27.1
20.0
21.2
214.6
23.3
9.8
110.7
33.2
13.1
87.1
6.9
13.2
14.1
152.7
16.2
28.8
13.8
23.7
10.3
13.9
132.3
73.9
1,268.6
52.8
13.8
39.0
65.5
48.1
147.8
59.3
8.5
28.0
19.4
20.6
210.5
22.8
9.1
108.4
32.3
13.0
85.6
7.0
13.1
14.1
151.4
16.4
28.5
13.8
23.5
10.3
13.6
131.2
73.0
20.9
148.9
110.5
281.8
19.6
233.5
21.1
150.8
111.8
279.7
19.7
231.3
20.7
141.8
104.5
282.7
18.7
235.7
20.5
140.7
103.7
283.1
18.6
236.3
1,068.0
58.1
25.9
32.2
101.2
53.0
31.6
94.2
22.9
14.5
16.8
133.9
15.5
43.4
1,059.8
57.7
25.9
31.8
100.8
52.9
31.4
95.5
23.1
14.8
16.6
134.4
15.8
43.3
1,039.9
56.9
25.5
31.4
96.4
48.5
30.7
97.6
29.3
13.9
16.0
128.2
14.3
42.8
1,020.5
55.5
25.1
30.4
95.8
48.6
30.3
98.6
30.4
14.2
15.4
127.8
14.2
42.5
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
1,255.3
1,003.5
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC
Pnrlo
uUUc
Durable goods—Continued
Electronic and other electrical equipment—Continued
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Miscellaneous transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instruments
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts
38
381
382
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties
39
391
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
May
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
18.9
20.3
79.6
53.6
276.2
126.7
682.2
20.1
293.9
157.7
145.9
24.7
68.3
18.9
20.6
79.9
53.7
272.7
122.6
663.5
20.0
283.0
154.9
146.7
24.6
68.9
17.5
18.8
73.6
51.4
273.5
127.6
700.0
18.5
314.2
162.2
133.7
23.6
58.5
18.9
18.2
71.3
49.8
264.8
123.3
683.9
18.4
311.0
158.4
132.4
23.3
57.8
1,849.0
1,013.0
350.6
48.1
550.3
42.2
465.2
232.5
101.3
131.3
166.2
94.7
71.5
35.8
85.9
59.3
62.7
24.8
1,868.8
1,026.1
353.6
49.7
555.6
43.9
465.4
234.3
100.6
130.5
170.0
99.0
71.0
35.9
87.6
60.1
64.5
26.1
1,777.2
953.9
338.5
43.8
515.8
36.3
465.3
229.5
100.5
135.3
159.9
90.0
69.9
31.7
82.6
57.4
62.8
24.5
1,772.4
951.4
338.0
44.4
515.5
34.6
463.4
228.7
100.6
134.1
159.5
90.9
68.6
31.3
82.3
57.2
63.4
25.2
1,763.5
940.6
852.4
154.3
301.8
38.4
72.6
69.6
287.9
111.2
99.5
33.0
70.2
842.3
152.1
296.0
38.8
70.8
67.3
284.9
110.8
98.4
33.3
70.1
868.7
159.0
311.1
36.5
74.1
74.4
295.4
113.3
101.7
30.3
68.5
865.2
157.7
309.2
35.4
73.4
74.2
295.8
113.2
101.7
29.8
68.3
866.8
5.3
5.9
4.4
4.4
394.0
48.9
38.4
17.0
103.5
29.7
73.7
31.0
18.7
390.6
48.4
37.8
16.8
104.6
30.1
74.5
30.5
18.1
389.2
47.1
37.1
17.1
104.8
27.9
76.9
31.0
18.5
387.9
46.1
36.6
16.9
103.3
27.6
75.7
31.2
18.6
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2001P
9.1
8.7
9.1
9.2
174.9
79.6
172.2
78.8
170.7
77.3
171.8
77.8
See footnotes at end of table.
Production workers'
All employees
94
2001P
_
_
_
_
670.1
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
464.8
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
384.2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
May
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
14.7
14.9
51.5
31.6
123.4
57.4
400.7
14.7
126.2
106.1
105.1
19.7
53.6
14.7
15.4
51.9
31.4
121.7
55.6
392.4
14.7
123.3
104.2
105.4
19.5
53.5
13.4
13.8
46.2
29.7
118.6
56.4
402.3
13.5
132.5
107.7
93.7
18.8
45.1
14.7
13.0
43.9
28.2
116.0
54.2
390.0
13.3
131.8
103.9
92.9
18.6
44.9
1,220.1
765.8
244.4
38.8
431.3
33.3
220.9
90.8
48.5
81.7
125.4
64.9
60.4
24.9
21.4
12.8
47.2
20.9
1,235.4
780.2
248.1
40.4
437.2
34.8
217.4
88.1
47.9
81.4
128.3
68.0
60.3
24.8
21.9
13.0
49.0
22.1
1,166.6
716.3
235.0
34.1
403.0
28.2
222.7
88.3
49.1
85.3
122.5
63.8
58.7
21.7
19.9
12.0
48.0
21.4
1,166.0
716.8
234.7
34.7
405.1
26.6
222.1
88.2
49.3
84.6
122.5
64.8
57.7
21.4
19.5
11.5
48.2
22.0
1,154.0
705.6
426.1
40.0
152.3
27.3
37.0
25.3
172.0
70.4
62.9
24.4
33.1
421.9
39.8
149.4
26.9
35.3
25.4
169.8
70.2
61.9
24.9
33.0
429.3
40.6
154.0
26.6
38.1
24.7
177.2
72.1
64.9
22.3
31.8
426.4
40.4
152.5
26.0
37.4
24.4
176.8
72.1
64.3
21.8
31.6
425.5
4.4
5.0
3.4
3.3
271.4
32.7
25.1
13.8
69.0
18.3
50.7
21.3
13.8
269.7
32.3
24.7
13.4
70.4
18.3
52.1
21.0
13.2
263.2
30.6
23.5
13.6
68.7
17.3
51.4
21.1
13.6
263.6
29.9
23.2
13.5
68.7
16.9
51.8
21.1
13.7
Apr.
2001P
6.5
6.2
6.5
6.6
120.8
51.8
119.4
52.1
115.6
48.7
116.7
48.7
2001P
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
258.9
_
_
_
_
_
—
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Nondurable goods
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
7,331
7,333
7,123
7,086
7,077
5,038
5,049
1,683.8
503.7
147.4
104.1
252.1
145.5
42.0
61.3
219.8
16.0
65.0
45.5
123.4
18.9
39.0
203.9
144.3
1,659.4
500.7
146.4
104.1
250.2
144.9
41.4
61.4
207.6
16.0
57.5
42.3
122.7
18.3
38.8
203.2
144.5
1,653.4
505.7
147.1
104.0
254.6
143.3
41.5
60.0
198.3
14.8
50.0
40.2
119.8
19.2
38.4
195.2
138.2
1,651.0
506.0
146.2
103.5
256.3
144.0
41.3
60.1
197.6
15.1
49.6
40.1
118.9
18.7
38.5
194.1
137.8
1,660.5
1,249.5
433.2
123.7
82.4
227.2
99.6
33.6
35.9
183.8
12.8
54.4
39.6
87.3
12.0
24.6
139.3
87.9
59.5
92.3
10.1
7.4
48.9
28.3
187.4
32.4
98.0
179.6
58.7
88.6
8.6
7.1
47.4
28.4
184.7
31.8
96.9
178.6
57.0
91.4
13.2
5.8
48.3
30.6
187.7
32.5
100.1
181.4
56.3
90.3
12.9
5.7
47.6
31.1
187.2
32.6
99.6
181.8
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
4,853
4,815
4,804
1,228.6
430.9
123.2
82.4
225.3
99.2
33.3
35.9
171.9
12.8
46.8
36.5
86.3
11.5
24.5
138.6
87.9
1,218.8
434.9
122.7
82.1
230.1
97.4
32.8
34.8
162.4
11.7
40.8
33.8
83.6
12.2
23.8
133.8
85.0
1,211.5
434.5
122.0
82.3
230.2
97.8
32.5
34.9
163.2
11.9
40.6
34.0
83.4
11.7
24.1
131.4
84.8
1,218.9
51.4
70.4
7.3
6.5
37.6
19.3
89.4
20.1
37.3
127.3
50.7
67.4
6.3
6.1
36.3
19.3
88.2
19.8
37.4
126.8
48.8
68.3
9.4
4.9
36.7
20.1
88.3
19.8
38.3
130.0
46.6
67.2
9.1
4.7
36.2
20.6
84.2
19.6
34.8
129.2
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw sugar
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
2052,3
206
2061,2
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209
Tobacco products
Cigarettes
21
211
33.9
23.3
34.3
22.8
31.4
23.0
31.2
23.1
31.1
25.1
16.6
25.7
16.3
22.7
16.3
22.4
16.2
22.2
Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
528.4
61.9
54.7
8.9
19.6
125.6
14.0
34.3
31.8
19.2
57.5
28.7
15.7
65.5
81.1
58.4
16.3
53.7
534.4
62.6
55.7
8.9
19.8
127.8
14.6
34.8
31.6
19.8
58.4
28.6
16.6
66.0
81.5
58.8
16.4
53.7
490.3
58.2
49.6
8.9
18.9
112.2
12.6
31.8
28.1
17.1
52.3
27.5
13.8
63.6
74.5
52.8
15.5
52.1
485.9
55.8
49.1
8.6
18.9
110.3
12.2
31.7
27.1
16.4
52.5
27.8
13.7
63.7
74.0
52.8
15.0
53.0
478.1
442.1
54.9
46.4
7.5
15.9
102.9
12.0
30.2
26.8
15.8
48.2
24.2
13.0
54.3
71.3
51.5
14.1
40.8
447.0
55.7
47.0
7.5
16.2
104.7
12.7
30.5
26.6
16.3
49.0
24.0
13.9
54.4
71.6
51.9
14.2
40.9
411.1
51.4
42.0
7.4
15.4
92.2
10.6
28.0
24.3
13.9
42.7
22.5
11.3
55.5
65.5
46.5
13.5
39.0
406.6
49.1
41.5
7.1
15.4
90.1
10.2
27.9
23.2
13.3
43.0
23.0
11.2
55.6
65.1
46.7
12.9
39.7
398.8
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
633.2
20.8
130.7
25.0
39.4
25.0
184.5
15.2
28.5
14.1
126.7
20.9
14.5
6.4
647.1
20.8
132.6
25.4
39.5
25.1
192.2
16.7
29.2
13.5
132.8
21.5
14.8
6.7
589.2
19.5
121.5
22.5
38.2
23.3
168.9
13.7
24.6
11.9
118.7
17.8
12.7
5.1
581.8
19.3
119.9
21.6
37.5
23.4
165.0
12.9
24.1
12.0
116.0
17.1
12.5
4.6
582.7
495.7
16.3
107.0
20.7
33.8
21.1
139.7
11.1
21.7
10.7
96.1
15.7
11.0
4.8
508.5
16.2
109.2
21.3
33.9
21.3
147.1
12.5
22.2
10.3
102.1
16.1
11.2
4.9
457.0
15.1
98.4
18.5
32.2
19.6
127.2
9.8
18.5
9.2
89.7
13.0
9.3
3.7
449.7
15.0
95.8
17.7
31.1
19.0
123.1
9.2
18.1
9.3
86.5
12.6
9.2
3.4
448.8
20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
205
2051
See footnotes at end of table.
95
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC
Pnrlp
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
236
2361
237,8
239
2391
2392
2396
15.5
7.1
30.3
215.3
18.7
53.9
63.8
16.8
7.9
30.1
217.8
19.2
55.4
64.6
12.2
5.6
28.1
206.6
17.1
48.9
63.4
11.0
5.0
27.9
207.8
16.8
48.2
64.9
Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Paperboard mills
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes
26
262
263
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677
656.7
139.2
46.8
217.9
135.7
16.9
43.5
240.0
46.5
40.0
24.1
655.6
138.7
47.0
216.5
134.1
16.6
44.3
240.4
46.6
40.0
24.3
639.5
135.2
44.4
215.4
136.1
16.4
41.0
232.3
43.8
37.8
24.4
636.7
135.5
45.5
214.0
135.9
16.4
40.1
229.5
43.3
36.6
24.2
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279
1,547.4
441.7
148.9
126.4
86.7
39.7
95.0
560.0
374.7
165.4
43.4
59.5
47.2
1,546.8
438.8
147.6
127.0
87.1
39.9
93.7
562.9
376.0
166.9
43.8
60.2
47.9
1,519.2
437.6
148.4
127.0
85.9
41.1
95.6
543.9
364.3
161.1
42.3
56.3
43.5
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
Plastics materials and synthetics
Plastics materials and resins
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
Drugs
Pharmaceutical preparations
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations
Toilet preparations
Paints and allied products
Industrial organic chemicals
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
Oher industrial organic chemicals
Agricultural chemicals
Miscellaneous chemical products
28
281
2819
282
2821
2824
283
2834
284
2841
2842,3
2844
285
286
2865
2861,9
287
289
1,037.8
97.6
52.7
154.3
79.3
42.5
315.1
247.4
155.0
40.9
40.3
73.8
51.7
120.1
20.9
99.2
51.1
93.0
1,037.8
96.2
51.5
154.7
80.3
41.9
312.1
246.0
157.2
41.9
41.0
74.3
51.6
120.3
21.4
98.9
52.7
93.0
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials
29
291
295
127.4
84.6
28.2
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee
30
301
302
305
3052
306
308
1,010.5
79.3
4.1
74.3
30.4
108.4
744.4
wUUc
Nondurable goods—Continued
Apparel and other textile products—Continued
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Fur goods and misc. apparel and accessories ....
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
May
2001P
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
11.9
5.4
24.4
168.6
14.6
45.3
49.4
12.8
6.0
24.2
170.7
15.0
46.5
49.7
9.2
4.2
22.8
160.2
13.4
40.5
48.8
8.1
3.7
22.7
161.9
13.1
39.8
50.5
636.3
_
_
_
-
498.3
108.5
36.0
169.7
102.3
15.2
35.1
173.9
21.5
30.4
18.5
496.3
108.0
36.2
168.8
101.2
14.9
35.7
172.9
21.6
30.4
18.5
484.7
105.1
34.4
166.8
102.0
14.7
33.1
168.6
19.7
28.6
18.6
482.9
104.9
35.3
165.5
101.4
14.8
32.4
167.4
19.3
27.7
18.9
481.7
_
_
-
1,507.6
434.4
146.7
126.5
86.1
40.4
96.0
539.8
360.9
160.3
41.5
54.7
43.5
1,499.9
_
_
_
_
-
817.3
145.8
46.9
58.0
27.3
30.8
46.9
394.7
264.4
116.6
29.0
44.0
32.7
819.9
144.6
47.5
59.4
28.3
31.1
46.2
396.7
265.1
117.7
29.4
44.8
32.9
795.8
143.2
46.7
57.5
26.2
31.3
47.8
382.2
256.0
113.7
28.4
41.9
29.4
788.5
141.6
47.5
57.4
26.4
31.0
47.7
377.7
253.4
112.0
27.8
40.4
29.7
782.3
_
_
_
-
1,038.3
97.8
53.5
152.3
111
43.0
326.0
255.2
153.5
38.9
40.3
74.3
48.9
119.4
20.5
98.9
51.2
89.2
1,034.3
96.6
52.3
151.6
77.6
41.9
325.7
254.8
154.1
39.1
41.2
73.8
48.6
118.8
20.0
98.8
50.8
88.1
1,031.5
_
_
-
577.2
53.9
29.3
104.0
48.8
35.4
139.8
113.8
96.3
24.2
23.7
48.4
27.9
67.6
10.9
56.8
30.3
57.4
581.6
53.5
28.7
104.1
49.4
34.9
139.9
114.5
98.5
25.5
24.0
49.0
28.3
67.5
11.0
56.5
32.4
57.4
573.3
53.5
29.7
102.4
47.5
35.8
142.3
115.2
95.8
23.4
24.4
48.0
25.7
66.7
10.4
56.3
31.1
55.8
568.5
52.7
28.9
101.4
47.3
34.5
141.7
114.6
95.5
23.6
25.1
46.8
25.9
66.1
10.2
55.9
30.3
54.9
566.9
_
-
128.2
84.1
29.2
123.3
82.4
26.4
126.6
83.2
28.9
127.0
-
87.3
57.3
21.6
88.2
57.0
22.5
84.0
55.5
19.9
87.2
56.3
22.2
87.5
-
1,016.8
78.7
3.8
73.8
30.5
108.9
751.6
970.7
77.3
3.4
71.7
29.3
101.8
716.5
965.0
76.9
3.7
71.1
29.3
99.7
713.6
963.3
_
-
791.5
60.9
3.1
58.5
24.5
83.5
585.4
799.2
60.9
2.8
58.8
24.8
84.2
592.5
753.9
59.1
2.6
56.3
23.8
78.2
557.7
748.2
58.6
2.7
55.6
23.5
76.0
555.3
747.2
—
See footnotes at end of table.
Apr.
2001P
96
_
_
_
-
_
_
-
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Leather and leather products
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber, and footwear cut stock
Men's footwear, except athletic
Women's footwear, except athletic
Luggage
Handbags and personal leather goods
1987
SIC
Code
31
311
313,4
3143
3144
316
317
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
71.4
11.4
30.1
16.4
6.0
9.2
72.2
11.7
30.4
16.3
6.4
9.2
68.1
10.6
28.0
14.5
5.3
8.7
65.7
10.1
27.1
14.4
5.3
8.3
6.8
6.8
8.1
7.6
7,019
6,963
7,069
7,085
4,487
236.4
194.9
4,542
228.4
188.9
4,551
229.7
189.9
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
May
2001P
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
66.2
53.5
9.4
23.8
12.5
4.6
7.4
3.4
53.7
9.5
23.9
12.2
5.0
7.3
3.4
52.1
8.6
22.4
10.9
4.2
7.0
5.5
49.9
8.2
21.7
11.1
4.1
6.6
4.9
50.0
7,131
5,843
5,780
5,921
5,939
5,977
438.4
212.2
453.3
209.8
454.6
217.2
452.5
217.2
22.1
22.9
20.7
21.2
1,628.6
1,447.9
171.9
1,603.8
1,425.9
169.0
1,606.8
1,423.9
174.9
1,611.7
1,430.1
173.3
115.3
113.2
113.9
118.1
4,592
Railroad transportation
Class I railroads plus Amtrak2
40
4011
4,529
235.5
194.4
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Taxicabs
Intercity and rural bus transportation
School buses
41
411
412
413
415
476.2
233.1
32.3
23.6
146.6
491.2
230.2
32.1
24.2
163.4
493.6
238.0
32.7
22.9
159.5
491.3
237.7
32.5
23.6
156.5
500.8
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage
42
421
422
1,855.6
1,639.6
206.3
1,829.7
1,617.6
202.2
1,836.6
1,615.7
211.9
1,841.2
1,622.0
209.9
1,859.1
Water transportation
Water transportation of freight, nee
Water transportation services
44
444
449
195.8
15.1
130.9
191.9
15.1
128.1
193.2
15.0
129.7
199.4
15.5
134.7
205.9
Transportation by air
Air transportation, scheduled
Air transportation, scheduled
Airports, flying fields, and services
45
451
4512
458
1,281.3
1,088.1
582.8
145.6
1,256.6
1,064.7
574.9
144.6
1,301.0
1,104.0
597.6
151.2
1,300.1
1,102.6
598.0
150.5
1,306.7
Pipelines, except natural gas
46
13.7
13.7
13.2
13.6
13.8
9.4
9.6
9.2
9.7
Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement
47
472
4724
473
471.3
218.5
170.3
193.3
467.4
218.9
170.0
189.9
475.5
218.1
170.8
194.5
475.6
218.0
170.8
194.1
475.5
389.5
182.0
141.8
158.1
386.3
182.3
141.4
155.4
391.0
180.8
141.5
157.3
391.0
180.8
141.4
156.7
2,490
2,476
2,527
2,534
2,539
Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Radio broadcasting stations
Television broadcasting stations
Cable and other pay television services
48
481
4813
483
4832
4833
484
1,638.9
1,133.9
929.5
255.3
116.5
138.8
215.8
1,627.9
1,128.4
925.9
253.9
115.8
138.1
212.3
1,685.0
1,166.6
955.0
256.3
116.0
140.3
228.1
1,691.5
1,170.6
958.8
256.1
116.2
139.9
230.5
1,695.2
1,210.2
814.5
653.4
206.2
1,181.8
788.8
629.4
205.5
1,297.1
894.4
726.1
207.0
1,300.9
898.8
729.7
205.7
172.8
171.8
177.4
178.1
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
49
491
492
493
495
851.0
356.7
128.0
152.4
175.2
847.6
356.5
127.9
151.9
173.0
842.0
352.1
123.6
151.2
175.5
842.5
351.9
123.6
150.9
176.2
843.9
684.2
286.0
100.8
123.4
143.5
682.0
284.9
101.0
124.3
141.9
682.2
282.8
97.0
126.2
145.0
683.8
283.2
97.1
126.1
146.0
7,024
6,982
7,030
7,035
7,042
5,599
5,560
5,586
5,589
4,193
523.3
163.3
287.2
174.6
85.2
89.4
4,181
520.2
163.8
282.9
174.5
84.3
90.2
4,181
524.2
165.6
286.2
178.2
86.5
91.7
4,179
522.4
166.5
282.4
180.6
89.2
91.4
4,175
3,278
415.6
3,272
413.8
3,254
416.4
3,250
413.5
139.5
139.6
142.6
144.9
Communications and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Automobiles and other motor vehicles
Motor vehicle supplies and new parts
Furniture and home furnishings
Furniture
Home furnishings
50
501
5012
5013
502
5021
5023
See footnotes at end of table.
97
May
2001P
230.5
5,594
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Wholesale trade—Continued
Durable goods—Continued
Lumber and other construction materials
Lumber, plywood, and millwork
Construction materials, nee
Professional and commercial equipment
Office equipment
Computers, peripherals and software
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Electrical apparatus and equipment
Electrical appliances, television and radio sets
Electronic parts and equipment
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment....
Hardware
Plumbing and hydronic heating supplies
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Construction and mining machinery
Farm and garden machinery
Industrial machinery and equipment
Industrial supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
Scrap and waste materials
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Stationery and office supplies
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Groceries, general line
Meats and meat products
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Petroleum bulk stations and terminals
Petroleum products, nee
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Beer and ale
Wine and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
Farm supplies
SIC
Code
503
5031
5039
504
5044
5045
5047
505
506
5063
5064
5065
507
5072
5074
508
5082
5083
5084
5085
509
5093
51
511
5112
512
513
514
5141
5147
5148
515
516
517
5171
5172
518
5181
5182
519
5191
Retail trade
Production workers1
All employees
1987
May
2001P
Avg.
Apr.
Mar.
Apr.
2000
2000
2001
2001P
291.6
149.3
38.7
955.0
196.2
408.1
202.1
162.1
586.2
236.1
48.1
302.1
319.1
115.8
121.9
839.8
95.5
117.4
350.6
148.2
341.5
122.7
293.9
148.7
39.7
949.3
198.1
404.3
200.1
163.5
577.1
234.8
46.7
295.6
320.9
116.5
123.9
842.0
96.0
118.3
349.5
148.3
339.5
121.1
289.6
148.4
38.5
953.3
195.7
400.1
208.3
159.2
587.9
235.9
48.6
303.4
314.2
114.7
117.6
833.6
95.9
117.0
348.3
148.2
341.1
122.7
292.4
149.3
39.5
949.9
195.4
397.5
207.3
157.4
587.9
236.9
48.5
302.5
315.0
114.4
118.8
831.5
95.7
118.0
346.6
148.0
341.9
122.7
2,831
274.2
160.5
259.9
220.5
949.0
302.6
59.1
104.9
100.4
165.7
152.0
58.6
93.5
164.1
102.7
61.4
544.8
159.3
2,801
276.0
161.9
258.1
215.0
925.3
291.0
58.0
101.9
97.5
162.5
150.5
57.0
93.5
161.4
101.3
60.1
554.7
168.3
2,849
275.6
161.3
262.7
221.1
952.4
303.6
59.5
103.8
96.5
MA A
153.9
58.0
95.9
165.5
102.9
62.6
547.0
158.2
2,856
276.1
161.2
263.9
219.3
949.7
303.7
59.1
103.8
96.3
176.2
153.9
57.4
96.5
166.3
103.4
62.9
554.7
164.3
2,867
23,307
23,091
23,021
23,276
1,044.5
646.6
64.6
172.1
114.3
977.6
614.3
62.2
165.2
91.6
1,019.2
631.2
62.5
167.5
112.4
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
Avg.
Apr.
Mar.
Apr.
2000
2000
2001
2001P
243.2
245.8
240.4
_
_
720.8
_
-
161.6
129.4
426.1
_
_
265.7
_
-
672.8
_
_
_
264.5
-
_
_
717.8
_
_
160.3
130.2
421.5
_
_
265.9
_
-
673.5
_
_
_
264.1
-
_
_
712.9
_
_
165.3
127.4
423.4
_
_
_
261.2
_
_
669.0
_
_
_
261.0
-
May
2001P
243.1
_
_
709.2
_
_
164.2
125.5
422.7
_
_
_
261.6
_
_
666.7
_
_
_
262.7
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
-
23,536
20,522
20,320
20,185
20,416
20,659
1,057.4
852.4
539.9
47.4
144.5
85.6
879.2
555.0
46.6
144.9
97.8
812.2
519.5
45.1
139.4
75.3
_
_
_
_
_
-
2,321
228.2
_
215.8
181.1
800.1
_
-
80.5
120.2
124.6
_
-
132.2
_
438.6
2,288
229.0
_
214.5
176.9
773.4
-
77.6
116.2
122.5
_
-
129.7
_
448.4
2,332
229.2
_
218.9
180.3
802.0
Ill
126.6
127.6
_
-
132.9
_
436.6
2,339
228.5
_
220.0
179.9
797.7
_
-
77.3
128.2
127.7
_
-
133.4
_
446.4
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
52
521
523
525
526
1,016.2
630.8
65.0
171.5
101.8
851.0
534.4
45.7
141.6
95.1
_
_
-
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores
53
531
533
539
2,837.0 2,784.9 2,700.3 2,704.9 2,723.1 2,653.6 2,604.1 2,496.7 2,497.5
2,490.5 2,449.6 2,368.8 2,370.8 2,385.4 2,350.5 2,310.3 2,211.5 2,210.0
152.4
149.7
150.4
156.7
136.2
133.4
127.2
127.5
181.8
189.8
182.9
183.7
166.8
160.4
158.0
160.0
-
_
-
Food stores
Grocery stores
Meat and fish markets
Dairy products stores
Retail bakeries
54
541
542
545
546
3,521.0 3,487.1 3,502.8 3,517.2 3,525.3 3,177.4 3,147.5 3,153.1 3,161.9
3,106.6 3,077.7 3,098.8 3,101.7
2,821.1 2,795.9 2,806.2 2,805.4
_
_
48.4
47.1
50.4
49.8
_
_
_
_
9.7
9.7
11.5
11.9
197.7
198.8
195.2
196.2
171.7
173.1
169.1
169.1
_
-
Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
55
551
2,412.2 2,402.2 2,402.1 2,415.3 2,434.4 2,015.4 2,006.7 2,007.9 2,019.8
1,114.3 1,108.6 1,121.0 1,120.7 1,126.3
937.9
933.6
943.2
942.7
_
See footnotes at end of table.
98
_
-
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
326.6
558.0
9.7
323.0
554.6
9.6
320.4
549.9
9.8
325.1
552.1
9.5
1,195.2
990.9
67.3
227.9
391.4
155.6
956.7
64.8
223.8
369.3
154.2
976.9
65.8
228.1
385.4
152.4
983.0
65.6
228.7
388.5
153.1
1,129.9
585.2
333.4
76.5
468.2
211.6
75.4
1,121.9
940.1
476.6
926.9
465.2
931.5
480.6
925.3
478.3
62.1
401.4
177.4
69.8
61.7
400.0
175.2
68.6
62.2
388.7
177.5
64.6
61.3
385.7
176.2
64.0
8,031.9
8,201.4
8,357.1
7,300.1
7,279.3
7,224.2
7,383.0
2,998.3
667.3
114.4
133.5
1,066.4
198.6
144.1
112.0
152.0
240.5
48.0
383.8
259.7
67.0
94.1
538.8
162.1
71.5
305.2
3,082.1
681.8
115.3
137.4
1,101.0
205.8
152.1
112.2
170.5
241.4
46.3
401.2
273.4
67.7
96.3
549.1
161.4
75.1
312.6
3,093.7
681.0
117.0
139.0
1,101.8
209.0
150.8
110.5
171.4
243.3
45.7
400.0
271.3
68.2
94.7
560.2
167.5
74.8
317.9
3,121.3
2,591.9
583.9
2,519.3
578.5
2,582.5
591.1
2,594.1
591.4
112.9
937.0
111.9
894.1
115.0
918.4
116.1
918.2
337.3
323.9
338.2
336.4
78.3
448.0
77.3
440.7
80.3
445.5
78.7
457.8
56.4
252.3
55.1
247.7
59.4
247.3
59.2
253.9
7,560
7,530
7,579
7,598
7,644
5,531
5,495
5,549
5,568
3,710
3,690
3,749
3,749
3,760
2,029.3
1,430.2
571.3
859.0
253.0
145.7
107.3
193.7
2,028.8
1,432.2
569.2
863.0
252.4
145.5
106.9
191.8
2,023.5
1,415.4
572.1
843.3
253.4
145.9
107.5
199.3
2,026.9
1,417.6
573.1
844.5
253.9
146.2
107.7
199.5
2,031.6
1,420.8
1,465.7
1,019.2
410.6
608.6
1,462.1
1,017.2
407.2
610.0
1,459.5
1,009.0
409.9
599.1
1,462.4
1,011.0
410.6
600.4
154.2
152.3
158.7
158.9
445.0
109.5
443.5
110.2
454.5
109.6
456.0
109.8
115.2
113.8
116.9
116.5
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
553
554
559
407.0
652.7
11.8
403.0
650.7
11.8
397.5
642.6
11.9
403.3
644.3
11.6
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
1,193.2
82.7
281.3
448.5
196.7
1,155.3
80.0
275.4
425.4
195.6
1,188.0
80.9
284.3
445.9
194.9
1,194.5
81.4
284.9
447.8
195.8
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Furniture stores
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores
57
571
5712
572
573
5731
5735
1,133.9
579.7
330.6
76.3
478.0
212.2
80.5
1,118.2
568.0
327.6
75.4
474.8
209.5
79.6
1,136.1
588.3
334.5
77.3
470.5
212.9
76.1
Eating and drinking places
58
8,113.7
8,100.5
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Liquor stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores
Sporting goods and bicycle shops
Bookstores
Stationery stores
Jewelry stores
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods
Nonstore retailers
Catalog and mail-order houses
Merchandising machine operators
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Florists, tobacco stores, and newsstands
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee
59
3,079.6
675.0
591
115.8
592
134.9
593
1,113.4
594
205.7
5941
148.8
5942
112.1
5943
159.1
5944
254.3
5947
48.4
5949
398.5
596
272.9
5961
5962
67.2
598
94.9
599
547.1
5992,3,4
162.6
5995
72.9
5999
311.7
Retail trade—Continued
Automotive dealers and service stations—Continued
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee
Finance, insurance, and real estate3
Finance
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee
Savings institutions
Federal savings institutions
Savings institutions, except federal
Credit unions
60
602
6022
6021,9
603
6035
6036
606
Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
Business credit institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers
61
614
615
616
681.2
207.8
143.7
309.0
681.3
208.3
141.3
311.0
687.7
210.8
150.6
305.7
689.2
210.6
150.7
307.4
695.8
Security and commodity brokers
Security brokers and dealers
Commodity contracts brokers, dealers, and
exhanges
Security and commodity services
62
621
748.3
547.6
730.7
534.0
776.3
564.6
773.5
561.7
772.4
622,3
628
29.5
171.3
28.1
168.6
30.9
180.8
30.9
180.9
Holding and other investment offices
Holding offices
67
671
251.1
106.0
249.6
105.9
261.0
108.8
259.7
108.3
See footnotes at end of table.
99
Apr.
2001P
254.7
313.6
260.4
May
2001P
5,608
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
63,64
2,346
2,346
2,351
2,352
2,359
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
Title insurance
63
631
632
6324
633
636
1,589.4
483.1
382.0
305.1
549.8
78.5
1,590.1
485.9
380.7
304.6
550.4
78.0
1,592.5
477.2
387.7
310.4
545.9
82.0
1,592.8
476.0
388.0
310.8
544.9
83.7
1,598.1
Insurance agents, brokers, and service
64
756.5
755.9
758.8
759.5
760.7
65
651
653
655
1,504
587.0
745.2
128.5
1,494
582.7
740.0
127.5
1,479
577.9
736.2
121.9
1,497
583.7
740.0
128.6
1,525
40,460
40,315
40,771
41,010
Finance, insurance, and real estate—Continued
Insurance
Real estate
Real estate operators and lessors
Real estate agents and managers
Subdividers and developers
Services
Apr.
2001P
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
1,234.6
334.8
307.0
246.6
451.8
1,231.5
335.4
306.3
246.6
449.3
1,257.6
333.9
314.5
250.7
464.0
1,260.1
332.4
315.1
251.2
465.7
41,184
35,311
35,193
35,560
35,788
672.8
183.9
441.8
684.9
180.8
457.0
611.6
185.4
379.2
705.8
187.1
471.1
1,620.2
1,575.2
1,599.1
1,619.2
391.0
389.5
388.8
390.6
374.8
373.1
380.8
380.1
171.0
234.2
242.3
241.4
8,735.5
218.7
8,636.3
214.8
8,520.7
221.1
8,481.0
219.0
68.7
887.8
75.0
812.8
225.3
35.6
46.6
143.0
70.2
886.6
74.3
812.3
218.9
35.0
45.3
138.6
66.5
894.6
76.4
818.2
225.7
37.2
48.5
140.0
66.6
902.2
79.5
822.7
230.9
36.6
49.0
145.3
3,360.2
1,685.4
437.3
3,324.3
1,666.5
430.0
3,034.3
1,784.4
460.5
2,985.6
1,788.1
461.2
168.0
164.3
177.4
176.5
188.5
41.6
1,585.9
547.8
65.0
186.1
41.5
1,563.5
545.0
65.7
210.0
42.7
1,592.9
556.0
60.1
206.4
44.1
1,586.6
559.3
58.0
1,027.6
183.3
120.1
72.2
548.8
191.5
241.9
1,016.4
179.1
116.6
70.4
545.4
191.5
240.5
1,070.7
188.7
126.0
73.8
563.1
197.8
249.5
1,071.6
189.4
126.5
74.3
564.5
197.2
249.3
May
2001P
Agricultural services
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services
07
074
078
801.4
217.8
526.0
811.8
213.9
540.7
741.8
221.3
462.9
840.4
222.6
559.7
894.8
Hotels and other lodging places
Hotels and motels
70
701
1,911.8
1,845.3
1,852.6
1,798.1
1,874.7
1,822.7
1,897.1
1,842.0
1,949.8
Personal services
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Photographic studios, portrait
Beauty shops
Funeral service and crematories
Miscellaneous personal services
72
721
722
723
726
729
1,250.8
446.7
69.6
422.7
100.7
196.7
1,313.7
443.9
65.5
421.0
100.1
268.8
1,333.2
446.4
70.4
430.5
101.6
270.4
1,333.9
448.6
70.0
429.3
101.8
270.1
1,253.2
Business services
Advertising
Advertising agencies
Credit reporting and collection
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services
Employment agencies
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Prepackaged software
Computer integrated systems design
Data processing and preparation
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
Photofinishing laboratories
73
731
7311
732
733
7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359
736
7361
7363
737
7371
7372
7373
7374
7375
7378
738
7381
7382
7384
9,858.4
302.0
197.7
158.2
327.8
83.9
994.1
93.3
900.8
279.4
43.4
55.3
180.8
3,887.0
399.9
3,487.1
2,094.9
518.7
299.9
223.5
284.8
243.0
53.7
1,814.9
594.8
77.2
71.8
9,746.7
298.7
194.8
157.2
329.1
84.9
992.2
92.4
899.8
272.5
42.7
54.1
175.7
3,835.9
389.6
3,446.3
2,070.7
509.0
291.7
219.8
287.5
240.1
53.6
1,790.4
591.6
77.5
68.2
9,651.5
303.5
197.6
162.2
329.3
84.1
999.4
94.6
904.8
281.5
45.5
57.2
178.8
3,556.4
393.1
3,163.3
2,199.4
544.0
321.3
235.2
294.8
261.8
55.5
1,819.8
604.0
71.5
66.4
9,607.7
301.1
195.8
162.5
329.2
83.7
1,006.4
97.5
908.9
287.2
45.0
58.0
184.2
3,504.7
393.4
3,111.3
2,202.7
544.2
322.2
234.6
299.1
257.2
56.6
1,813.9
606.3
69.3
66.6
9,655.3
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
1,248.4
224.5
145.9
81.9
682.5
234.5
302.2
1,236.6
219.7
141.9
80.0
679.8
234.4
301.2
1,297.2
232.1
153.5
83.8
698.0
242.0
310.1
1,299.0
232.0
153.5
84.5
700.2
242.4
309.7
See footnotes at end of table.
100
1,014.9
3,557.5
3,167.3
2,200.1
1,308.8
May
2001P
35,943
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
1987
SIC
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
754
7542
259.5
141.0
257.1
141.9
283.3
156.5
282.3
155.0
Miscellaneous repair services
Electrical repair shops
76
762
365.8
103.9
364.7
103.7
361.2
103.7
364.4
103.8
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Motion picture theaters
Video tape rental
78
781
783
784
593.8
269.9
139.1
167.8
592.0
267.7
138.3
169.3
604.0
281.2
132.9
172.7
Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs
79
793
799
7991
7997
1,728.0
81.0
1,286.7
216.7
357.9
1,689.1
85.8
1,246.3
213.6
334.5
1,613.6
88.0
1,185.7
231.2
291.2
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners
Offices and clinics of chiropractors and optometrists
Nursing and personal care facilities
Skilled nursing care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Nursing and personal care, nee
Hospitals
General medical and surgical hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Specialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric
Medical and dental laboratories
Home health care services
Apr.
2001P
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
223.3
125.1
221.5
126.4
245.1
139.5
243.4
137.9
363.6
-
300.7
-
300.1
-
295.6
-
298.9
-
_
610.8
283.4
135.4
175.1
593.4
_
-
504.4
231.5
136.1
503.2
230.5
_
137.3
513.1
240.4
140.9
519.1
241.8
142.9
_
-
1,727.9
85.4
1,273.3
232.4
337.8
1,845.2
_
-
1,515.1
71.3
1,136.6
194.6
314.4
1,474.2
76.3
1,094.1
191.3
292.2
1,394.7
77.7
1,032.3
208.6
248.0
1,507.5
75.4
1,119.3
209.8
293.3
_
_
-
80
801
802
804
8041,2
805
8051
8052
8059
806
8062
8063
8069
807
808
10095.2 10038.3 10247.4 10262.6 10289.2
1,924.1 1,913.3 1,958.5 1,964.3 1,972.6
_
686.3
682.0
694.5
696.2
439.3
434.6
450.3
450.8
_
180.6
181.4
181.0
181.4
1,795.9 1,788.7 1,809.7 1,811.2 1,810.6
_
1,366.1 1,361.2 1,377.1 1,377.9
_
208.7
206.3
205.3
208.9
222.2
223.5
223.9
224.4
3,990.3 3,965.5 4,052.8 4,055.1 4,064.7
_
3,688.5 3,666.7 3,739.6 3,741.2
74.4
73.9
75.2
75.7
_
224.4
227.9
238.0
238.2
207.7
209.0
214.7
212.9
646.7
643.0
642.1
646.5
647.3
8,944.4
1,588.0
600.4
365.1
_
1,612.1
_
183.7
3,657.6
_
_
591.7
8,893.0
1,580.4
596.5
361.5
_
1,604.7
_
182.5
3,633.1
_
_
_
591.1
9,087.0
1,615.6
607.3
374.4
_
1,626.2
_
186.7
3,721.2
_
_
_
594.2
9,099.6
1,618.7
608.8
374.3
_
1,627.2
_
186.3
3,725.3
_
594.0
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
Legal services
81
1,009.6
996.2
1,016.7
1,015.1
1,019.3
804.6
795.1
809.1
806.9
Educational services
Elementary and secondary schools
Colleges and universities
Vocational schools
82
821
822
824
2,325.0
714.8
1,282.3
100.0
2,446.2
723.4
1,401.2
101.1
2,531.1
757.3
1,424.3
103.6
2,535.2
752.9
1,427.6
105.0
2,459.5
_
_
-
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee
83
832
833
835
836
839
2,902.8
806.8
379.6
711.9
805.9
198.6
2,899.7
802.4
377.9
723.4
796.1
199.9
3,026.5
844.1
388.1
759.0
829.5
205.8
3,043.7
848.6
391.7
763.6
832.5
207.3
3,067.1
770.0
839.7
-
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens
84
106.4
104.1
103.4
107.8
114.3
OUUc
Services—Continued
Auto repair, services, and parking—Continued
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
-
-
-
_
_
-
_
_
_
-
_
_
-
_
_
_
-
2,503.7
698.4
326.2
624.3
695.8
159.0
2,505.0
696.2
324.8
636.9
687.2
159.9
2,610.7
729.6
332.9
667.3
716.3
164.6
2,626.6
734.2
335.8
671.4
719.2
166.0
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
52.2
_
-
_
_
52.6
_
-
_
_
_
_
-
2,688.4
847.5
646.1
149.0
52.4
524.5
2,683.0
849.3
648.1
147.6
53.6
522.4
_
_
_
_
-
Membership organizations
Business associations
Professional organizations
Labor organizations
Civic and social associations
86
861
862
863
864
2,474.8
113.9
70.0
146.9
454.0
2,461.2
112.8
69.1
146.8
442.9
2,477.6
117.0
72.5
151.1
448.0
2,476.5
115.8
72.9
149.6
448.8
2,490.9
_
_
-
_
50.7
_
-
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping
87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
3,418.6
1,017.2
769.3
183.6
64.4
669.3
3,389.2
995.3
753.0
179.9
62.4
688.9
3,519.1
1,040.6
784.8
190.5
65.3
700.7
3,515.2
1,044.0
788.1
189.7
66.2
695.4
3,506.8
1,054.1
_
-
2,590.8
834.1
637.9
144.6
51.7
481.1
2,563.0
815.8
625.0
141.0
49.8
495.2
-
_
_
_
-
_
_
50.3
_
-
See footnotes at end of table.
May
2001P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
(In thousands)
Industry
Services—Continued
Engineering and management services—Continued
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services
Services, nee
1987
SIC
Code
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8741
8742
8743
89
Government
4
Production workers1
All employees
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
642.3
239.0
142.1
156.4
1,089.7
323.7
411.9
52.8
633.3
235.3
140.1
154.7
1,071.7
319.8
404.5
50.3
657.2
247.9
141.7
161.9
1,120.6
333.4
421.6
55.2
656.2
247.9
138.8
162.8
1,119.6
332.7
422.5
54.6
50.7
50.9
50.7
51.0
51.3
20,681
21,163
21,134
21,163
21,182
2,610
2,614
1,760.0
2,777
2,881
2,608
4
Executive, by agency
Department of Defense
Postal Service5
Other executive agencies
Legislative
Judicial
2,714.8
625.5
859.8
1,229.6
30.7
31.6
2,819.3
624.6
857.8
1,336.9
30.2
31.5
2,545.4
615.7
856.0
1,073.7
29.9
32.3
Federal Government, except Postal Service
1,917.4
2,023.2
1,751.6
1,754.7
3731
46.9
22.4
46.8
22.2
46.8
22.5
46.7
22.5
806
14.3
360.6
220.5
14.3
355.7
219.5
14.3
357.8
223.3
14.4
359.6
223.8
4,785
92.1
54.0
2,749.3
343.1
2,032.0
219.7
4,917
92.6
53.3
2,898.4
343.4
2,181.1
219.7
4,973
91.5
53.4
2,925.1
344.1
2,208.7
220.4
4,983
91.4
53.9
2,927.5
343.4
2,212.1
219.9
154.4
154.2
151.9
152.1
1,889.3
2,752.6
1,872.9
2,736.1
1,903.0
2,764.3
1,910.1
2,770.8
13,119
475.2
8,683.9
626.9
7,439.8
149.3
13,365
471.1
9,022.5
623.0
7,807.5
148.1
13,553
483.2
9,146.4
638.5
7,891.3
153.2
13,570
483.7
9,140.3
638.5
7,874.5
152.9
468.0
443.9
463.4
474.4
3,959.6
5,678.9
3,870.9
5,557.0
3,923.1
5,661.4
3,945.7
5,695.2
Federal Government
Federal Government, by industry:
Manufacturing activities
Ship building and repairing
Transportation and public utilities, except Postal
Service
Services
Hospitals
State government
Construction
Transportation and public utilities
Services
Hospitals
Education
Social services
Services, except hospitals, education,
and social services
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
State government, except education
Local government
Transportation and public utilities
Services
Hospitals
Education
Social services
Services, except hospitals, education,
and social services
General administration, including executive,
legislative, and judicial functions
Local government, except education
806
82
806
82
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services.
2
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of $253.7 million
or more in 1993 and to Amtrak.
3
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
4
Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to civilian
May
2001P
1,121.0
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
472.5
146.2
118.9
122.7
803.1
242.4
294.4
35.3
463.7
141.6
117.6
120.8
788.3
237.4
289.2
32.6
495.4
165.8
118.1
126.9
821.0
250.1
295.7
37.7
494.5
166.4
114.8
127.5
816.8
246.6
296.1
37.5
39.1
39.4
39.1
39.1
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
4,908
2,129.2
2,779.2
13,660
7,900.3
5,759.5
employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and the National
Security Agency.
5
Includes rural mail carriers.
Data not available.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks and the
introduction of probability-based sample estimates for mining, construction, and
manufacturing. See the article in this issue for additional information.
102
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
WOMEN EMPLOYEES
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-13. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group
(In thousands)
Avg.
2000
Mar.
2000
Jan.
2001
Feb.
2001
Mar.
2001
63,807
63,471
63,563
63,995
64,219
52,151
51,490
51,901
52,012
52,171
6,677
6,641
6,534
6,512
6,495
76
75
75
74
74
743
720
716
723
730
5,858
5,846
5,743
5,715
5,691
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manfacturing
2,989
149.6
179.4
101.7
106.2
349.7
465.3
700.9
412.5
351.8
171.8
2,974
149.3
179.6
101.0
105.8
347.9
465.3
691.8
414.3
348.3
170.2
2,968
142.3
177.7
99.1
105.5
348.6
467.0
704.3
396.9
357.3
169.0
2,950
141.6
175.1
98.8
105.8
343.2
464.8
700.2
396.8
356.8
167.1
2,932
141.2
175.2
97.5
103.5
341.6
459.3
691.4
396.7
357.3
168.4
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
2,870
558.6
10.7
241.7
450.8
162.4
695.2
344.4
21.9
345.2
38.6
2,872
540.9
11.1
246.4
468.1
162.1
691.5
343.9
21.6
347.7
38.8
2,775
542.8
10.6
227.4
415.6
159.9
685.6
344.9
21.3
330.9
36.3
2,765
538.6
10.4
223.6
418.9
157.7
683.6
348.1
21.6
326.4
36.2
2,759
539.2
9.6
224.2
418.1
157.2
680.4
346.8
21.2
325.5
36.7
57,130
56,830
57,029
57,483
57,724
Transportation and public utilities
2,174
2,159
2,197
2,198
2,203
Wholesale trade
2,175
2,149
2,180
2,183
2,189
12,237
11,911
12,123
12,026
12,038
4,733
4,723
4,739
4,752
4,764
Services
24,154
23,907
24,128
24,341
24,482
Government
Federal
State
Local
11,656
1,199
2,475
7,982
11,981
1,217
2,543
8,221
11,662
1,054
2,445
8,163
11,983
1,108
2,554
8,321
12,048
1,109
2,579
8,360
Industry
Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks
and the introduction of probability-based sample estimates for mining,
construction, and manufacturing. See the article in this issue for additional
information.
103
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry
(In thousands)
Construction
Mining
Total
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
1,932.5
483.7
184.8
229.3
165.6
83.9
1,931.1
488.1
187.1
232.5
166.5
82.6
1,932.6
488.3
187.3
232.5
166.4
83.1
276.0
132.1
276.5
132.8
280.7
134.7
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa.
Tucson
2,244.4
1,577.2
351.7
2,290.7
1,610.5
356.6
2,292.7
1,612.0
357.4
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers .
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
1,158.4
152.2
101.5
315.6
36.7
1,163.3
155.7
102.9
314.3
36.2
1,167.8
156.4
102.7
315.1
36.3
14,366.2
193.2
295.9
4,070.8
142.2
1,036.5
1,375.9
979.5
700.9
128.2
1,182.2
1,071.6
1,009.4
163.8
184.7
181.9
170.9
272.7
14,755.8
197.5
300.2
4,137.7
145.9
1,066.4
1,420.8
1,016.6
731.0
130.4
1,221.1
1,109.7
1,040.3
167.1
189.6
188.6
174.7
278.1
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont .
Colorado Springs ...
Denver
2,195.2
179.9
239.0
1,166.5
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden ...
New London-Norwich .
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
Alabama
Birmingham ....
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery....
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage ...
April
2000
April
2000
April
2001P
March
2001
2.2
(])
(11)
( ) 2.2
106.2
31.0
7.0
18.7
8.9
5.8
106.4
31.0
7.0
18.6
8.9
5.8
11.1
3.0
11.1
2.9
12.4
6.4
12.0
6.4
12.8
6.6
9.6
2.5
1.9
9.5
2.5
1.8
158.5
117.1
21.5
165.3
122.1
21.4
165.9
122.7
21.5
3.4
55.0
7.1
4.2
15.0
1.0
55.7
7.3
4.1
15.2
1.0
8.0
2.6
8.0
2.6
2.4
9.5
2.3
9.7
2.5
1.9
1
( )
(1)
(1)
( )
(1)
(1)
April
2001P
104.3
29.8
7.0
18.0
8.8
5.9
8.4
2.5
1
March
2001
.9
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
52.8
6.9
4.1
15.5
1.0
14,789.1
198.5
301.7
4,143.7
147.0
1,069.8
1,425.3
1,017.1
733.5
130.7
1,223.5
1,109.0
1,038.2
168.0
190.6
189.5
176.1
278.8
23.1
8.9
.4
4.1
2
( )
2.2
.6
1.0
.2
.1
.4
.2
.1
.8
.4
.1
.5
.9
23.4
8.9
.3
3.7
2
( )
2.3
.8
1.0
.2
.1
.4
.2
.2
.8
.4
.1
.5
.9
23.3
8.8
.3
3.7
2
( )
2.3
.8
1.0
.2
.1
.4
.2
.2
.8
.4
.1
.5
.9
700.9
10.4
15.8
129.2
9.4
62.3
75.5
75.3
45.3
6.2
67.9
44.3
47.0
7.9
12.8
11.2
12.7
14.2
736.8
11.6
16.5
134.3
10.3
65.8
81.7
78.8
50.4
6.5
71.0
47.1
48.3
8.0
13.5
11.9
14.3
14.6
748.3
11.7
16.8
134.8
10.6
66.3
81.7
79.6
51.7
6.6
71.7
47.0
48.0
8.3
13.9
12.5
14.7
14.6
2,248.8
186.4
241.4
1,201.4
2,261.0
185.4
243.6
1,209.8
12.7
(1)
1
( )
5.6
12.9
(1)
1
( )
5.7
13.2
(1)
1
( )
5.8
156.8
8.5
14.7
85.3
158.8
8.9
15.0
91.2
161.1
8.8
15.2
92.8
1,685.4
186.3
89.6
620.4
263.7
139.9
208.2
86.2
1,684.8
183.5
88.4
615.8
262.9
139.0
207.0
87.5
1,696.3
185.2
88.9
618.0
265.5
140.1
209.0
87.3
.9
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
63.5
6.7
4.0
22.5
10.6
5.1
6.5
3.4
62.0
6.6
4.0
21.7
10.8
5.3
6.2
3.3
66.0
7.0
4.2
23.1
11.3
5.3
6.3
3.6
417.1
55.9
326.9
420.7
56.7
327.4
423.9
57.0
329.2
.1
.1
.2
.1
.1
.2
.1
.1
.2
24.6
2.6
18.2
24.2
2.3
18.3
24.6
2.5
18.7
District of Columbia .
Washington PMSA .,
644.7
2,729.2
645.8
2,804.5
648.4
2,817.6
.1
1.1
.1
1.1
.1
1.1
10.7
148.9
10.9
155.8
11.1
158.6
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater.
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
7,061.2
159.2
672.0
168.3
120.4
555.7
184.6
187.8
1,009.5
904.4
159.2
270.0
162.2
1,199.9
490.9
7,308.9
163.3
697.1
173.7
122.3
579.0
189.8
193.5
1,038.5
931.0
161.4
280.8
164.6
1,251.2
513.5
7,302.4
162.4
694.6
173.8
122.6
579.0
189.1
193.5
1,036.4
930.9
162.9
281.0
165.7
1,248.9
510.6
6.6
384.2
8.4
39.0
16.6
4.3
29.7
10.2
10.7
36.9
51.5
11.7
15.8
6.4
57.7
30.3
394.4
8.6
40.0
18.1
4.0
31.5
10.2
11.2
37.9
52.3
10.8
16.6
6.4
59.4
31.3
393.9
8.5
39.8
18.1
4.1
31.1
10.1
11.1
37.8
52.5
10.8
16.8
6.5
59.2
31.3
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc .
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
Delaware
Dover
Wilmington-Newark
See footnotes at end of table.
104
3.4
3.3
(1)
(1)
(1)
.7
.9
.9
.8
C)
(1)
(11)
(1)
(2)
()
6.4
(2)
<])
(11)
(2)
()
6.5
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
.5
.5
.5
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
2.4
2.4
2.3
(2)
.2
.2
.2
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
.5
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
.5
.5
(2)
(2)
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
362.0
51.6
35.7
25.2
18.4
13.4
351.3
51.1
35.3
24.5
18.6
13.2
350.0
51.0
35.0
24.2
18.6
13.5
94.8
30.5
4.6
13.4
7.4
2.5
95.6
30.5
4.7
13.8
7.5
2.6
95.8
30.4
4.7
13.9
7.4
2.5
443.7
117.8
37.3
59.7
37.9
19.1
446.7
118.8
38.2
59.9
37.6
18.8
447.4
118.7
38.5
59.8
37.5
18.8
13.3
2.2
13.0
2.1
12.5
2.2
26.1
14.3
25.6
14.2
26.0
14.2
55.5
31.3
54.5
30.9
56.1
31.5
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
212.9
163.7
32.8
214.7
164.8
33.2
214.3
164.2
33.3
106.6
82.3
11.9
109.8
85.1
12.0
109.7
84.9
12.0
522.4
372.3
72.9
532.6
378.2
73.7
533.6
379.3
74.0
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
251.5
35.5
28.3
33.2
8.5
244.1
34.8
28.8
31.8
8.2
242.7
34.9
28.8
31.7
8.2
69.6
10.2
6.6
22.4
1.8
69.8
10.6
6.7
22.8
1.9
70.1
10.7
6.7
22.9
1.9
265.6
42.8
20.1
73.3
7.2
267.1
44.3
20.7
72.8
7.2
269.8
44.4
20.6
73.2
7.2
1,924.6
9.7
30.3
632.0
24.5
120.0
228.8
123.0
49.7
9.4
128.4
70.2
255.4
16.7
30.5
23.3
20.5
40.3
1,933.9
9.9
29.6
625.5
24.7
124.1
234.2
127.2
51.1
9.6
131.0
70.0
265.3
17.7
32.0
23.5
20.4
41.6
1,927.4
10.0
29.8
622.6
24.9
124.6
233.6
126.7
50.9
9.5
129.9
69.9
264.3
17.6
32.3
23.5
20.4
41.4
735.8
11.2
13.9
241.1
5.6
64.5
51.0
50.4
26.9
5.2
50.1
83.2
28.7
5.1
6.3
12.9
5.6
11.4
758.4
11.2
13.9
247.6
5.7
65.6
52.8
51.1
27.7
5.0
51.1
85.5
29.4
4.8
6.3
13.9
5.7
11.2
761.1
11.3
14.0
248.3
5.8
65.7
52.6
51.3
27.9
5.2
51.0
85.2
29.3
4.8
6.4
13.9
5.7
11.2
3,239.6
44.3
69.7
895.1
36.6
232.4
335.5
243.0
149.2
33.1
262.8
219.4
192.7
40.2
42.1
42.3
41.7
63.6
3,320.9
44.4
70.4
909.3
37.1
236.9
342.2
250.4
154.9
33.3
269.6
223.6
196.1
40.5
42.9
44.0
42.3
64.9
3,329.1
44.8
70.8
909.9
37.4
237.3
342.8
251.0
156.0
33.2
270.5
223.3
195.5
40.8
43.0
44.0
42.6
65.6
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Colorado Springs
Denver
203.5
31.4
28.0
90.2
204.6
31.4
29.2
89.7
203.1
30.7
29.1
89.4
143.3
6.7
13.4
100.5
140.7
6.7
13.4
101.6
139.6
6.8
13.4
101.3
514.9
37.2
51.7
273.5
530.3
37.7
52.4
283.8
531.6
38.4
52.3
284.9
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
New London-Norwich
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
262.2
36.4
18.9
90.4
38.2
22.8
25.3
17.7
258.5
36.3
18.9
88.4
38.0
22.2
24.0
18.1
257.9
36.2
18.8
88.5
37.9
22.1
23.9
17.8
78.7
7.7
2.9
27.6
15.8
6.8
9.8
3.7
80.1
7.7
2.7
27.5
15.8
6.9
9.9
3.8
80.2
7.8
2.8
27.7
15.9
6.9
9.9
3.8
360.8
42.2
21.1
125.1
53.7
27.7
44.7
18.1
358.7
41.4
20.4
123.5
53.5
27.5
44.9
18.2
362.1
41.6
20.4
124.2
53.8
28.1
45.7
18.2
Delaware
Dover
Wilmington-Newark
58.3
6.4
44.8
56.9
6.1
42.6
57.2
6.1
42.5
17.2
2.0
15.3
17.6
2.1
15.3
17.8
2.1
15.4
89.4
12.5
65.9
89.9
13.6
66.2
91.0
13.6
66.9
District of Columbia
Washington PMSA
11.2
99.2
11.5
101.2
11.4
101.1
19.5
132.4
19.3
139.7
19.4
139.4
49.2
485.7
48.4
488.7
48.9
492.8
486.3
12.9
38.4
7.1
5.7
39.1
20.2
25.0
69.1
54.7
9.2
22.4
4.6
89.6
31.1
485.7
12.8
38.4
7.3
5.3
39.7
19.8
25.0
67.9
54.8
9.0
21.8
4.4
92.2
30.5
483.3
12.8
38.4
7.2
5.1
39.4
19.5
24.9
67.3
54.6
8.9
22.0
4.4
92.1
30.0
354.9
5.7
31.5
6.8
2.5
40.2
9.5
5.2
91.1
44.9
7.6
5.4
4.2
53.1
16.7
364.9
5.8
31.9
6.9
2.5
41.4
9.6
5.6
94.1
43.5
8.1
5.3
4.3
55.6
17.2
365.8
5.9
31.9
6.9
2.5
41.6
9.7
5.7
94.1
43.9
8.3
5.3
4.4
55.5
17.4
1,749.4
43.2
187.1
47.7
24.3
136.0
52.7
45.0
257.2
217.7
38.0
63.1
32.2
269.3
120.8
1,795.1
43.7
194.0
48.9
24.2
140.3
54.8
45.9
263.0
221.8
37.7
66.4
32.6
276.6
125.7
1,791.0
43.5
193.2
49.2
24.2
139.9
55.0
46.0
260.7
221.4
38.0
66.0
33.2
275.2
124.1
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater....
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
See footnotes at end of table.
105
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
Alabama
Birmingham
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
91.9
38.0
5.0
10.4
10.8
2.5
91.6
38.1
5.1
10.6
11.0
2.5
91.9
38.4
5.1
10.4
11.0
2.6
470.8
144.1
54.7
66.3
45.1
15.5
475.7
146.5
56.4
68.5
45.5
14.2
476.8
146.9
56.4
69.0
45.5
14.3
356.6
69.4
40.5
36.3
37.2
22.6
356.0
69.5
40.4
36.5
37.4
23.3
356.3
69.3
40.6
36.6
37.5
23.4
Alaska
Anchorage
12.5
7.6
12.4
7.5
12.5
7.6
70.7
38.4
71.7
39.4
72.9
40.0
76.0
29.6
76.2
29.3
76.8
29.7
141.6
119.2
13.6
145.0
122.4
13.7
145.8
122.9
14.0
715.0
518.9
118.7
728.7
528.0
120.9
728.8
528.0
121.1
377.7
201.2
78.4
385.0
207.4
79.8
385.1
207.5
79.7
45.8
5.3
3.2
18.1
1.3
46.0
5.3
3.2
18.0
1.3
46.1
5.4
3.2
18.0
1.3
276.6
31.4
27.7
92.4
8.7
281.4
32.5
27.7
92.4
8.5
283.5
32.5
27.8
92.6
8.5
193.2
20.1
10.8
60.7
8.2
196.5
21.1
10.7
61.5
8.1
196.5
21.2
10.6
61.5
8.2
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc .
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
816.2
7.3
14.3
230.2
4.7
57.6
104.3
32.0
47.7
6.4
69.4
104.3
32.2
7.8
10.1
8.4
7.2
15.4
839.7
7.2
14.7
233.4
4.8
58.5
106.9
31.6
48.1
6.5
70.9
108.0
31.7
7.8
10.1
8.7
7.5
15.8
838.7
7.2
14.6
234.0
4.7
58.6
107.6
31.7
48.3
6.5
70.9
108.0
31.7
7.8
10.1
8.7
7.5
15.8
4,574.7
48.8
77.6
1,349.2
36.9
318.1
430.6
261.7
199.8
37.0
393.6
416.3
357.3
51.8
53.7
46.7
48.1
81.6
4,742.7
49.4
79.1
1,379.7
38.8
333.9
449.8
279.3
209.3
38.9
412.0
442.3
372.7
53.4
55.3
48.4
49.5
83.2
4,753.6
49.6
79.6
1,384.0
38.8
335.4
452.9
278.5
209.1
39.0
413.9
441.4
372.4
53.4
55.3
48.6
49.9
83.3
2,351.3
52.6
73.9
589.9
24.5
179.4
149.6
193.1
182.1
30.8
209.6
133.7
96.0
33.5
28.8
37.0
34.6
45.3
2,400.0
54.9
75.7
604.2
24.5
179.3
152.4
197.2
189.3
30.5
215.1
133.0
96.6
34.1
29.1
38.1
34.5
45.9
2,407.6
55.1
75.8
606.4
24.8
179.6
153.3
197.3
189.4
30.6
215.2
134.0
96.8
34.5
29.2
38.2
34.8
46.0
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Colorado Springs
Denver
141.3
6.9
14.0
92.4
142.6
7.4
14.2
93.7
140.6
7.3
14.3
93.8
682.8
61.5
78.7
365.3
707.8
65.3
78.1
380.0
719.2
64.7
80.2
385.1
339.9
27.7
38.5
153.7
351.1
29.0
39.1
155.7
352.6
28.7
39.1
156.7
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
New London-Norwich
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
140.1
12.5
5.5
72.6
12.4
3.5
26.3
3.3
141.0
13.4
5.9
72.3
12.4
3.3
26.1
3.2
141.2
13.4
5.9
72.1
12.3
3.4
26.1
3.2
532.0
60.1
25.8
179.5
97.1
36.0
76.8
26.8
534.6
57.2
25.3
180.1
95.7
36.0
77.4
27.7
539.6
58.3
25.7
180.0
97.5
36.3
78.5
27.6
247.2
20.7
11.4
102.7
35.9
38.0
18.8
13.2
249.1
20.9
11.2
102.3
36.7
37.8
18.5
13.2
248.4
20.9
11.1
102.4
36.8
38.0
18.6
13.1
Delaware
Dover
Wilmington-Newark
49.8
2.0
43.6
50.5
2.1
45.0
50.6
2.1
44.9
120.0
13.8
96.8
122.8
14.3
98.2
123.6
14.3
98.8
57.7
16.6
42.1
58.7
16.2
41.6
59.0
16.3
41.8
District of Columbia
Washington PMSA
31.4
146.9
31.7
150.9
31.9
151.3
301.1
1,114.6
304.3
1,155.4
306.5
1,162.0
221.5
600.4
219.6
611.7
219.1
611.3
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Orlando
Pensacola
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
442.0
6.7
50.2
9.1
5.5
56.6
8.9
6.2
65.9
50.7
6.0
12.8
6.2
86.6
34.6
451.6
6.9
52.2
9.3
5.6
58.3
9.3
6.3
67.3
51.2
6.0
13.3
6.2
87.8
35.2
452.7
6.8
52.4
9.3
5.7
58.5
9.2
6.3
67.6
51.1
6.0
13.4
6.2
87.8
35.5
2,626.2
58.2
235.8
54.0
37.1
186.1
53.7
69.4
344.9
390.4
57.0
125.7
46.7
498.7
199.0
2,782.5
61.3
247.5
55.8
39.0
199.4
56.1
72.8
361.1
410.9
59.9
132.5
48.8
529.9
214.2
2,781.0
60.9
245.5
55.7
39.3
199.8
55.8
72.7
361.6
410.9
60.9
132.7
48.8
529.8
212.7
1,011.8
24.1
89.8
26.8
41.0
67.6
27.1
26.3
143.9
94.0
29.5
24.8
61.6
144.4
58.4
1,028.2
24.2
92.9
27.2
41.7
68.0
27.6
26.7
146.7
96.0
29.7
24.9
61.7
149.2
59.4
1,028.1
24.0
93.2
27.2
41.7
68.3
27.4
26.8
146.8
96.0
29.8
24.8
61.9
148.8
59.6
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
See footnotes at end of table.
106
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Construction
Mining
Total
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
March
2001
April
2000
7.7
April
2000
April
2001P
March
2001
April
2001P
207.7
4.0
3.3
118.0
13.5
5.4
6.6
9.0
207.6
4.2
3.3
118.1
13.5
5.5
6.5
9.1
(1)
(1)
(1)
202.9
3.7
3.1
118.0
12.8
5.5
6.5
8.3
561.5
418.5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
23.1
16.8
23.7
17.4
23.7
17.2
556.4
228.0
560.9
229.9
2.4
(1)
34.6
15.7
32.1
15.6
34.0
16.1
6,022.9
91.6
106.3
4,209.7
184.7
60.9
44.4
177.7
182.9
115.3
6,016.0
92.2
105.5
4,215.0
182.9
60.2
44.5
173.5
180.5
114.1
6,046.8
93.1
106.1
4,233.0
184.2
60.2
44.8
175.8
181.6
115.4
10.0
(1)
1
( )
1.8
(1)
1
( )
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
263.8
3.6
3.8
183.3
8.9
3.5
2.1
8.4
7.7
5.7
261.7
3.3
3.7
185.2
8.6
3.1
2.0
7.9
7.6
4.8
275.6
3.7
3.9
193.4
9.1
3.4
2.2
8.5
8.1
5.4
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
3,015.5
68.4
128.4
161.4
279.2
268.7
891.5
53.3
98.2
59.8
137.7
70.2
2,978.5
66.2
125.6
159.2
276.1
265.0
906.3
50.2
95.9
60.2
136.6
68.5
3,000.1
67.5
126.6
160.4
277.5
267.0
909.2
50.4
96.1
60.4
137.6
69.1
5.9
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
152.2
3.1
5.2
11.2
14.2
16.0
51.1
1.8
4.0
2.5
7.4
3.7
145.1
3.0
4.8
10.2
13.8
15.2
51.7
1.6
3.8
2.3
7.4
3.4
152.9
3.1
5.3
11.1
14.7
15.3
53.5
1.8
3.9
2.4
7.6
3.8
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
DesMoines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
1,479.4
123.6
284.8
52.8
73.5
65.9
73.4
1,473.7
122.7
286.3
51.3
74.7
65.8
72.0
1,490.4
122.4
288.1
51.9
75.2
66.2
72.4
2.0
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
62.9
6.1
13.8
1.9
2.3
2.9
2.8
55.0
6.0
12.4
1.7
2.1
2.9
2.4
61.9
6.0
13.6
2.0
2.2
3.1
2.7
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
1,354.7
49.9
103.8
286.8
1,355.9
49.3
103.5
288.7
1,371.2
49.8
103.9
290.6
7.5
1.2
1.2
1.2
66.3
2.6
4.9
14.9
63.4
2.3
4.5
14.2
67.5
2.5
5.0
14.7
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
1,820.6
289.6
587.8
45.1
1,828.8
291.1
595.4
44.8
1,841.1
294.3
599.6
44.9
19.4
.3
.7
.2
19.2
.3
.7
.2
19.3
.3
.7
.2
87.3
14.8
30.5
3.4
84.3
14.9
30.0
3.5
86.4
15.3
30.5
3.4
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
1,929.3
58.3
312.0
77.3
163.5
88.2
74.4
628.5
174.9
1,950.6
58.1
315.8
79.6
167.8
88.9
75.4
628.8
179.8
1,952.8
58.4
315.6
80.1
168.3
88.6
75.3
630.1
180.3
46.9
.1
1.0
6.3
12.6
1.1
.2
12.3
2.4
50.7
.1
1.0
6.9
13.8
1.2
.2
12.5
2.7
50.8
.1
1.0
6.9
13.8
1.2
.2
12.5
2.8
131.6
4.1
38.6
3.8
9.5
11.2
4.0
32.3
9.2
135.1
4.1
39.3
4.2
10.1
11.1
4.0
33.0
9.4
134.4
4.2
38.7
4.2
10.2
10.9
4.0
32.9
9.6
593.6
46.5
149.5
597.0
46.5
152.1
603.2
46.7
152.9
.1
28.6
1.9
7.2
27.3
1.9
7.3
30.0
2.0
7.8
3,961.5
59.2
73.6
2,181.7
203.0
121.2
152.0
138.5
4,036.5
59.3
74.2
2,219.0
204.3
121.4
152.0
137.4
4,043.3
59.6
74.8
2,221.3
205.5
121.3
151.9
139.0
Hawaii
Honolulu
548.4
409.5
563.2
421.0
Idaho
Boise City
553.0
221.5
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.
107
(2)
(1)
( )
( )
2.2
2.4
(1)
9.9
(M
9.8
(1)
(1)
1.8
1.8
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
6.0
5.8
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.8
(1)
.8
.8
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(M
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
7.4
7.0
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.1
.1
(2)
(2)
.8
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
1.9
2.0
(1)
(1)
.8
.8
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.9
.8
.8
(1)
(1)
1.9
.3
1
1
( )
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
1.9
.3
1.8
.3
1
7.8
7.8
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
588.7
8.3
11.6
221.5
29.0
21.1
19.0
17.3
574.7
8.1
11.5
218.7
29.2
20.1
18.6
16.5
574.2
8.2
11.5
218.2
29.4
20.2
18.5
16.5
265.0
3.5
2.1
190.2
17.1
4.5
6.0
9.4
272.9
3.5
2.1
197.7
17.3
4.8
6.2
9.5
271.8
3.4
2.1
196.7
17.3
4.8
6.2
9.6
975.5
13.8
17.3
566.1
43.9
26.1
35.2
35.3
991.8
13.8
17.4
583.5
43.7
26.2
35.0
34.7
994.2
13.8
17.4
585.7
44.4
26.5
35.4
35.0
Hawaii
Honolulu
17.0
13.3
17.1
13.3
17.4
13.6
41.8
32.7
42.9
33.9
42.8
33.6
134.8
97.5
139.2
99.9
139.4
100.2
Idaho
Boise City
75.7
36.9
75.0
37.3
74.2
36.9
27.3
11.7
27.8
12.0
27.7
12.0
138.7
54.3
140.6
57.0
141.8
57.7
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
945.8
7.6
13.1
632.1
31.3
13.9
6.7
33.7
50.3
4.4
929.1
7.2
12.4
623.1
28.8
13.7
7.0
32.8
48.1
4.3
926.4
7.1
12.6
618.6
30.0
13.7
7.0
32.7
47.8
4.3
351.6
2.9
3.7
259.5
10.6
5.2
2.6
9.9
9.0
4.5
358.7
2.8
3.8
266.0
10.5
5.3
2.5
9.6
9.0
4.4
360.6
2.7
3.9
266.2
10.5
5.3
2.6
9.8
8.9
4.4
1,349.6
19.1
22.3
930.8
48.1
13.1
11.7
40.9
38.4
23.5
1,351.7
18.7
22.0
939.5
48.3
13.3
11.8
40.7
38.8
23.2
1,353.9
19.3
22.4
937.2
48.1
13.1
11.7
41.0
39.0
23.5
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
689.3
9.2
65.6
32.0
74.0
47.3
127.3
20.8
22.6
9.7
21.8
12.4
666.1
8.7
63.1
31.7
71.1
45.0
129.3
18.4
22.6
9.5
21.3
11.8
665.6
8.7
63.2
31.6
70.9
45.0
129.4
18.4
22.1
9.5
21.3
11.6
147.9
1.7
3.0
7.9
14.2
14.9
56.9
1.3
2.5
3.4
5.2
2.7
148.7
1.6
2.8
7.8
13.9
14.8
57.0
1.3
2.5
3.9
5.0
2.7
148.6
1.7
2.9
7.9
14.1
15.0
56.7
1.4
2.4
3.8
5.2
2.7
705.3
15.1
23.5
39.7
65.7
63.8
227.8
11.4
20.2
13.9
35.4
19.6
694.5
14.3
22.8
39.9
65.0
63.5
234.9
11.2
19.8
13.7
35.0
19.0
698.3
14.6
22.9
39.9
65.3
64.0
233.9
11.3
20.1
13.8
35.2
19.4
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
260.3
22.3
23.9
11.9
5.7
13.2
14.3
258.7
22.6
24.1
10.7
5.4
13.4
14.6
259.8
22.6
24.0
10.8
5.5
13.4
14.5
73.2
12.5
14.7
1.9
2.5
3.9
2.6
73.5
12.5
14.8
1.7
2.5
3.9
2.5
74.0
12.4
14.6
1.7
2.5
4.0
2.5
353.9
26.2
70.9
13.3
15.0
15.9
17.4
354.0
25.5
71.4
12.4
14.8
15.7
16.6
357.8
25.5
71.3
12.4
15.2
15.8
16.8
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
209.7
5.5
9.9
72.1
210.6
5.2
9.4
74.1
210.7
5.2
9.3
74.4
85.8
1.5
6.2
11.4
87.1
1.4
6.2
11.2
88.4
1.4
6.2
11.4
319.3
11.5
22.6
62.5
318.4
11.9
23.0
62.9
322.4
12.0
22.9
63.3
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
322.3
49.3
88.4
6.9
313.7
47.3
87.3
6.7
312.7
48.3
86.4
6.7
108.6
11.8
46.9
2.2
108.2
11.7
46.8
2.3
108.0
12.0
46.8
2.3
425.5
63.8
139.7
11.4
428.9
64.5
142.4
11.3
434.2
64.4
144.5
11.4
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
183.2
3.9
24.2
7.3
14.0
11.1
8.3
47.3
19.2
180.2
3.8
24.1
7.4
13.6
10.9
8.2
46.3
19.3
179.9
3.8
24.1
7.6
13.6
10.9
8.1
46.3
19.2
112.3
3.7
14.4
9.2
8.9
4.2
4.2
40.3
8.3
114.3
3.9
14.7
9.4
8.9
4.4
4.2
40.6
8.3
114.8
3.8
14.8
9.4
8.8
4.4
4.2
40.7
8.5
451.6
13.5
72.9
18.5
43.0
19.2
17.4
156.6
39.5
458.3
13.6
74.3
19.1
44.7
19.5
17.7
157.8
40.2
460.1
13.8
74.5
19.2
44.8
19.4
17.7
158.3
40.3
85.2
7.9
14.5
82.9
7.3
14.7
81.4
7.1
14.6
24.0
2.2
7.3
23.6
2.1
7.6
23.9
2.1
7.7
142.9
11.3
40.6
143.2
11.3
41.3
146.0
11.5
41.4
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
See footnotes at end of table.
108
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Government
Services
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
206.4
1.7
2.3
141.3
6.2
8.5
9.5
4.6
205.8
1.7
2.2
139.6
6.2
8.9
9.0
4.7
207.0
1.7
2.2
140.5
6.2
9.0
9.0
4.7
1,113.9
16.0
17.4
676.4
51.5
34.5
42.0
43.1
1,155.5
16.2
17.3
686.4
52.0
34.4
42.2
42.5
1,158.6
16.3
17.7
685.8
52.2
34.0
42.0
43.7
601.4
12.2
19.8
266.4
42.2
21.0
33.0
20.5
620.3
12.0
20.4
273.2
42.1
21.6
33.6
20.5
622.1
12.0
20.6
274.4
42.2
21.3
33.4
20.4
Hawaii
Honolulu
33.2
26.7
33.7
26.9
33.8
26.8
181.4
128.6
188.4
134.7
187.9
134.0
117.1
93.9
118.2
94.9
116.5
93.1
Idaho
Boise City
23.3
11.2
23.5
11.0
23.5
11.1
140.9
57.8
144.1
60.0
146.2
60.8
110.1
33.9
111.1
35.1
111.1
35.3
398.9
18.8
3.9
308.7
8.0
2.0
1.8
8.0
7.4
7.3
400.2
19.9
3.8
308.2
8.3
2.0
1.8
8.1
7.4
7.3
401.2
20.0
3.8
309.5
8.4
2.0
1.8
8.1
7.3
7.3
1,855.7
23.8
22.9
1,393.4
51.5
16.5
12.0
55.2
51.1
37.2
1,859.9
24.5
23.1
1,392.8
51.9
16.0
12.1
53.9
51.0
37.6
1,877.4
24.3
23.3
1,410.2
51.6
16.1
12.1
55.0
51.4
37.7
847.6
15.8
36.6
500.1
26.3
6.7
7.5
21.6
19.0
32.7
844.9
15.8
36.7
498.4
26.5
6.8
7.3
20.5
18.6
32.5
841.7
16.0
36.2
496.1
26.5
6.6
7.4
20.7
19.1
32.8
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
139.9
2.5
2.7
8.1
14.4
9.5
63.2
1.4
3.7
1.9
6.6
2.4
140.0
2.4
2.9
7.9
14.3
9.3
63.9
1.5
3.7
2.0
6.7
2.4
140.3
2.4
2.8
7.8
14.2
9.4
64.6
1.5
3.7
1.9
6.8
2.4
751.1
15.4
20.2
45.7
68.4
79.0
253.4
8.6
19.7
16.1
47.1
17.1
753.8
15.3
20.9
44.7
69.7
78.8
257.5
8.6
17.9
16.2
47.1
16.8
765.3
15.6
21.1
44.9
70.0
80.1
259.8
8.6
18.2
16.5
47.4
16.9
423.8
21.4
8.2
16.0
28.3
38.2
111.0
8.0
25.5
12.3
14.2
12.3
424.5
20.9
8.3
16.2
28.3
38.4
111.2
7.6
25.6
12.6
14.1
12.4
423.2
21.4
8.4
16.4
28.3
38.2
110.5
7.4
25.7
12.5
14.1
12.3
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
85.2
7.0
40.3
2.0
2.6
2.8
3.0
86.5
7.5
39.8
2.0
2.9
2.7
3.1
87.0
7.5
40.0
2.0
2.9
2.7
3.1
393.4
37.2
84.9
17.9
16.3
19.1
20.2
397.6
36.2
87.3
18.8
17.3
19.1
19.6
400.6
36.0
88.1
19.0
17.2
19.1
19.6
248.5
12.3
36.3
3.9
29.1
8.1
13.1
246.5
12.4
36.5
4.0
29.7
8.1
13.2
247.3
12.4
36.5
4.0
29.7
8.1
13.2
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
63.2
1.9
6.7
11.3
64.7
1.7
7.0
11.4
64.9
1.7
7.0
11.5
349.0
11.9
31.2
111
351.4
11.8
31.8
77.4
354.4
11.8
31.9
77.8
254.4
15.0
22.3
35.7
252.9
15.0
21.6
36.3
255.4
15.2
21.6
36.3
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
76.4
10.4
34.5
1.9
76.4
10.8
35.0
1.8
76.6
10.6
35.3
1.9
466.9
81.7
171.1
11.5
480.7
83.7
177.8
11.3
485.3
85.4
179.9
11.4
314.2
57.5
76.0
7.6
317.4
57.9
75.4
7.7
318.6
58.0
75.5
7.6
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
86.5
2.7
17.1
2.1
6.4
2.6
5.9
31.1
6.4
86.6
2.6
16.7
2.1
6.4
2.7
6.3
31.3
6.6
86.6
2.6
16.7
2.1
6.4
2.7
6.3
31.5
6.6
537.9
16.7
82.1
15.5
44.5
25.0
20.5
201.7
57.2
548.4
16.6
84.3
16.2
45.6
25.5
20.7
201.7
60.3
549.6
16.7
84.6
16.2
46.1
25.5
20.8
202.3
60.4
379.3
13.6
61.7
14.6
24.6
13.8
13.9
106.9
32.7
377.0
13.4
61.4
14.3
24.7
13.6
14.1
105.6
33.0
376.6
13.4
61.2
14.5
24.6
13.6
14.0
105.6
32.9
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
31.9
2.5
13.3
32.4
2.4
13.2
32.2
2.4
13.2
178.6
15.4
46.9
183.6
16.0
48.1
186.2
16.3
48.4
102.3
5.3
19.7
103.9
5.5
19.9
103.4
5.3
19.8
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
See footnotes at end of table.
109
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Mining
Construction
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
2,438.5
1,242.0
407.6
913.2
2,461.7
1,255.4
412.2
929.7
2,472.3
1,261.1
413.4
932.4
Massachusetts
Barnstable-Yarmouth
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
3,301.3
60.3
2,021.4
100.3
53.7
164.1
129.2
66.1
41.6
262.5
233.7
3,325.7
58.2
2,043.7
100.1
53.3
167.4
132.5
66.2
41.9
260.9
233.7
3,360.5
61.6
2,059.3
100.9
54.5
169.6
134.0
67.2
42.3
265.2
235.3
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
4,660.6
287.7
73.5
2,197.6
170.4
592.2
64.1
217.6
240.4
180.9
4,650.1
289.2
73.4
2,188.2
169.5
597.2
64.1
218.5
241.1
180.1
4,672.8
290.7
74.5
2,194.5
170.6
602.1
65.4
220.3
242.7
181.7
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
2,654.2
115.7
1,732.3
83.5
95.1
2,646.7
114.9
1,739.0
85.4
95.4
2,674.9
115.9
1,753.3
85.9
96.6
( )
(1)
(1)
Mississippi
Jackson
1,159.4
231.8
1,142.2
228.2
1,145.2
228.5
(2)
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
2,758.7
979.7
1,339.8
172.0
2,745.2
1,004.9
1,343.7
174.3
2,766.6
1,011.5
1,357.1
174.8
(1)
(1)
(1)
Montana
Billings
Missoula
384.0
65.7
51.1
387.4
67.4
50.0
390.3
68.0
50.2
(1)
(1)
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
905.3
153.7
420.3
905.7
155.0
420.3
912.4
155.5
422.6
<;>
(1)
1,014.9
744.2
191.1
1,057.0
780.1
195.7
1,064.2
785.4
197.3
615.7
106.9
98.7
124.4
618.3
107.8
100.5
124.4
622.9
108.4
101.2
126.3
3,977.3
181.9
671.2
500.3
254.4
667.3
386.7
1,015.7
215.5
60.9
3,995.6
179.9
667.4
502.4
260.1
667.6
386.2
1,028.0
221.7
60.1
4,012.7
185.3
670.7
506.3
261.6
671.1
393.1
1,032.5
224.6
59.8
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ..
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.
110
1.4
.4
(1)
(1)
1.5
205.0
11.5
2.7
92.9
7.4
30.4
3.2
8.8
9.8
9.5
6.1
3.5
112.8
3.9
71.7
3.4
4.1
104.1
3.7
69.5
3.3
3.6
113.9
3.9
74.2
3.6
4.1
4.9
55.1
11.3
52.5
10.7
53.2
10.9
5.1
139.0
52.7
76.1
8.2
136.3
55.3
78.7
8.2
140.3
57.5
81.5
8.4
5.3
19.2
3.5
2.5
17.7
3.2
2.3
19.6
3.5
2.4
1.3
43.8
7.6
21.8
40.1
7.1
19.6
42.7
7.7
21.3
10.5
1.8
.5
86.3
68.2
13.8
87.9
70.4
13.5
89.6
71.3
14.3
.4
24.3
5.1
3.3
4.0
23.7
5.3
3.4
4.0
25.2
5.6
3.5
4.0
1.6
154.0
7.3
26.7
23.1
6.5
22.6
22.5
39.0
5.6
2.5
152.5
7.4
26.2
23.3
6.5
22.5
22.2
38.1
5.6
2.2
158.6
7.9
28.7
24.5
6.7
23.7
23.9
39.0
5.8
2.3
8.0
1.1
5.7
3.5
2
( )
(1)
(1)
( )
(1)
(1)
4.4
4.9
(2)
(2)
5.3
5.1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
5.0
(M
5.1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1.2
1.2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
10.6
1.8
.5
.4
.4
(1)
(1)
(1)
1.8
(M
(M
190.2
10.9
2.5
89.9
7.1
27.1
2.7
8.0
9.0
9.1
.1
.1
.2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
201.2
11.2
2.5
88.3
7.6
28.0
2.9
8.8
9.5
9.8
.8
1.1
7.2
4.6
(1)
(1)
(1)
134.3
3.7
78.5
5.0
1.9
7.0
6.0
3.1
1.9
9.2
8.9
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
10.8
1.8
.5
126.2
3.4
74.5
4.7
1.7
6.5
5.7
2.9
1.8
8.3
8.3
7.6
1.2
2
125.3
3.4
72.7
4.5
1.8
6.5
5.7
2.8
1.9
8.9
8.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1.4
(1)
.1
.1
.1
7.8
(1)
(1)
157.7
70.3
13.6
71.6
.6
.1
.1
.2
April
2001P
154.2
68.3
13.3
70.5
1.3
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
March
2001
153.7
70.1
13.7
68.3
(1)
(1)
(1)
.7
April
2000
1.4
.3
1.3
.3
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
April
2001P
March
2001
(1)
(1)
(1)
1.6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(M
(M
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing)
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
179.5
96.9
27.7
43.2
176.8
96.1
26.9
44.1
176.3
95.3
26.6
44.3
113.5
61.7
20.0
37.3
117.2
64.4
20.0
38.5
117.5
64.8
20.5
38.7
547.1
276.0
60.1
201.0
545.5
279.6
60.8
198.8
548.8
279.9
61.1
200.4
Massachusetts
Barnstable-Yarmouth
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
434.8
2.3
213.9
11.4
13.1
39.2
29.7
13.0
6.7
38.1
38.2
431.3
2.2
213.7
11.5
12.6
39.6
30.0
12.7
6.5
37.5
37.7
430.4
2.2
212.8
11.4
12.8
39.6
30.1
12.7
6.5
37.5
37.5
144.4
2.9
89.6
4.9
2.0
5.8
7.7
3.3
1.4
10.9
10.8
144.3
2.9
90.6
4.3
2.0
5.8
7.7
3.2
1.4
11.1
10.8
145.0
3.0
90.9
4.4
2.0
5.8
7.9
3.2
1.4
11.3
11.2
734.6
19.5
426.3
32.5
12.9
36.7
27.6
17.4
9.7
60.5
52.5
731.8
18.9
425.4
32.6
13.1
38.1
28.2
17.3
9.9
59.6
51.4
741.1
20.1
428.1
32.9
13.3
38.3
28.4
17.7
9.9
60.8
52.0
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
978.5
54.5
19.6
456.7
31.1
162.8
12.5
49.2
28.4
38.4
952.1
54.2
19.1
440.8
29.9
161.0
12.3
49.1
28.1
37.4
948.7
53.9
19.1
437.5
30.1
159.8
12.2
49.2
28.1
37.0
179.2
6.8
3.3
97.4
5.9
20.6
3.7
7.5
6.7
6.8
179.1
6.8
3.5
96.8
6.1
21.2
3.7
7.6
6.8
7.0
179.9
6.8
3.5
97.4
6.2
21.5
3.7
7.8
6.9
7.1
1,079.2
56.7
16.2
501.6
43.7
147.7
15.4
49.0
52.1
45.4
1,082.2
57.7
16.1
501.6
43.7
150.2
15.6
49.1
52.4
45.4
1,085.9
57.6
16.3
501.3
44.0
151.8
15.8
49.7
52.5
46.2
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
436.7
8.5
276.5
12.0
17.7
431.5
8.6
275.5
11.8
17.9
430.9
8.6
275.1
11.8
17.9
134.1
8.5
95.9
2.5
3.4
135.8
8.3
97.3
2.5
3.5
136.6
8.4
97.9
2.5
3.5
624.4
27.2
402.4
15.9
27.5
619.7
26.6
401.9
15.9
27.1
625.3
27.0
404.8
16.0
27.5
Mississippi
Jackson
237.1
20.0
220.1
20.4
220.8
20.5
56.5
17.4
55.9
17.9
56.1
17.7
255.8
55.5
256.1
54.4
256.7
54.2
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
402.0
105.0
184.8
23.8
391.0
107.1
183.0
23.4
389.5
107.0
182.2
23.4
179.0
87.2
90.7
12.5
183.1
89.9
90.7
13.2
182.7
90.0
91.0
13.3
644.1
231.7
310.5
46.8
639.2
237.6
310.8
47.7
646.5
238.4
313.4
47.8
24.1
3.5
3.4
23.9
3.5
3.2
23.5
3.5
3.2
22.2
4.4
3.5
22.2
4.6
3.4
22.0
4.5
3.4
100.5
20.2
13.2
100.5
20.9
13.5
101.4
21.1
13.6
119.4
18.2
40.2
118.3
18.3
39.3
118.2
18.2
39.2
58.2
8.2
32.6
58.1
8.5
32.2
57.9
8.6
32.3
215.4
32.1
100.9
213.8
32.3
97.8
215.5
32.8
97.4
43.7
24.2
13.7
46.0
25.1
14.9
46.0
25.0
14.9
55.0
41.3
12.2
58.6
44.4
12.4
58.9
44.8
12.4
209.1
156.4
43.0
223.8
169.0
44.1
225.3
170.1
44.4
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
106.6
15.3
27.6
18.9
104.8
15.4
28.3
18.4
104.3
15.4
28.0
18.5
21.8
6.1
3.2
4.1
21.5
5.8
3.2
4.3
21.5
5.7
3.3
4.1
160.7
25.4
25.5
32.4
160.3
26.4
25.9
31.9
162.0
26.6
26.5
32.6
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ..,
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
463.3
5.6
98.9
55.8
24.6
93.7
19.3
133.0
17.1
12.0
453.4
6.0
95.4
54.7
23.8
91.2
18.6
132.0
17.4
11.1
450.2
6.0
95.0
54.4
24.0
90.4
18.3
130.8
17.5
11.1
273.1
6.9
37.3
23.9
31.6
51.5
22.2
85.1
7.7
3.1
271.2
6.6
36.7
23.4
31.3
50.1
22.8
85.6
8.2
3.2
270.5
6.6
36.6
23.8
31.3
51.1
22.8
85.9
8.4
3.3
921.0
36.7
181.4
133.0
57.1
153.7
102.9
204.8
34.3
12.5
921.9
35.1
181.3
132.7
58.0
154.1
101.8
207.7
35.6
12.4
926.3
36.4
182.2
133.5
57.8
153.2
103.5
208.8
36.4
12.3
Montana
Billings
Missoula
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
Nevada
Las Vegas
Reno
See footnotes at end of table.
Ill
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
cand real estate
Services
Government
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
Baltimore City
Suburban Maryland-D.C
136.9
73.5
32.7
51.8
138.3
74.4
32.0
52.3
138.6
74.5
32.1
52.7
849.0
440.5
166.7
329.4
870.0
449.1
170.9
342.1
873.0
452.0
171.4
341.3
457.4
222.9
86.7
182.2
458.4
223.2
88.3
183.4
459.0
224.0
88.1
183.4
Massachusetts
Barnstable-Yarmouth
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
225.8
3.4
168.7
3.2
1.5
7.1
3.5
1.9
1.9
13.6
14.0
228.4
3.2
171.2
3.2
1.5
7.1
3.8
1.9
1.8
14.0
13.6
229.5
3.4
171.7
3.3
1.6
7.1
3.8
2.0
1.9
14.1
13.4
1,203.4
20.2
807.2
26.9
13.9
48.2
38.1
17.2
14.6
82.2
76.9
1,228.0
19.2
825.1
26.6
13.6
49.8
40.0
17.4
14.8
81.9
78.9
1,243.7
20.7
833.7
26.8
14.1
51.2
40.4
17.7
15.0
84.0
79.2
431.5
8.6
242.3
16.9
8.5
20.6
16.9
10.5
5.3
48.2
33.0
434.4
8.4
242.6
17.2
8.8
20.5
17.1
10.8
5.6
48.4
32.9
435.1
8.5
242.8
17.1
8.8
20.6
17.4
10.8
5.6
48.2
32.9
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
204.1
10.5
2.4
111.9
6.1
22.8
2.0
9.9
15.1
6.7
205.5
10.7
2.4
111.2
6.0
22.7
2.0
10.1
15.2
6.6
205.2
10.7
2.5
111.7
6.1
22.0
2.0
10.1
15.4
6.7
1,308.7
71.8
20.2
696.2
49.5
152.0
16.9
56.7
59.8
49.7
1,317.1
71.8
20.3
703.4
50.0
154.8
16.8
57.2
60.2
50.3
1,328.1
73.4
21.0
708.6
50.2
157.4
17.6
57.6
60.8
51.0
701.9
76.2
9.3
244.3
26.5
58.3
10.7
36.5
68.8
24.1
716.3
77.1
9.5
243.4
26.7
60.2
11.0
37.4
69.4
24.3
712.0
76.8
9.4
244.0
26.6
59.2
10.9
37.1
69.2
24.2
160.5
3.5
127.6
2.6
3.3
161.4
3.5
128.3
2.6
3.3
162.1
3.5
128.1
2.7
3.3
771.3
35.6
517.7
39.3
25.3
782.8
35.9
525.6
41.3
25.8
791.0
36.1
531.5
41.3
26.2
407.2
23.9
240.0
7.8
13.8
405.7
24.8
240.4
8.0
14.2
409.0
24.9
241.1
8.0
14.1
42.8
15.2
42.0
14.1
42.0
14.2
272.9
61.6
271.2
61.1
272.3
61.3
234.8
50.2
239.5
49.2
239.2
49.3
165.1
68.5
83.5
8.7
168.4
70.0
84.0
8.8
168.9
70.3
84.7
8.8
790.7
295.3
431.3
49.9
781.2
302.9
433.9
50.3
791.3
305.0
441.5
50.5
433.5
139.3
162.9
22.1
440.9
142.1
162.6
22.7
442.3
143.3
162.8
22.6
Montana
Billings
Missoula
17.6
3.2
2.3
18.0
3.3
2.3
18.2
3.3
2.3
112.9
37.5
26.3
117.3
39.0
26.6
117.7
39.3
26.8
82.5
8.8
10.5
82.7
9.0
9.3
82.6
9.0
9.2
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
60.8
10.9
35.6
61.0
11.0
36.1
61.1
11.0
36.0
251.2
42.0
138.2
255.9
42.2
141.8
258.4
42.1
142.6
155.3
34.7
51.0
157.3
35.6
53.5
157.3
35.1
53.8
Nevada
46.5
35.2
8.7
49.2
37.1
9.3
49.4
37.3
9.3
440.4
337.0
74.1
453.6
349.0
75.4
455.6
350.0
75.9
123.1
80.1
25.1
127.3
83.3
25.6
128.9
85.1
25.6
32.4
7.8
5.7
6.5
32.5
7.6
6.1
6.4
32.5
7.6
6.1
6.4
183.1
35.4
24.5
35.0
190.9
35.6
24.5
36.8
192.3
35.8
24.7
37.7
86.4
11.8
8.9
23.5
84.2
11.7
9.1
22.6
84.7
11.7
9.1
23.0
263.3
5.3
36.8
27.5
32.0
52.0
19.3
75.0
12.7
2.4
266.2
5.3
36.0
26.8
36.1
50.4
18.9
76.3
13.1
2.4
266.4
5.4
36.3
26.9
36.5
50.8
18.8
75.6
13.2
2.4
1,303.4
90.4
215.3
153.7
63.9
210.4
134.8
332.2
82.6
13.5
1,326.0
89.4
217.4
156.7
65.6
215.1
135.5
341.5
84.7
13.5
1,335.4
92.6
217.6
157.8
66.6
217.6
139.4
345.4
86.4
13.2
597.4
29.7
74.8
83.3
38.7
83.4
65.7
146.6
55.5
14.9
602.8
30.1
74.4
84.8
38.8
84.2
66.4
146.8
57.1
15.3
603.7
30.4
74.3
85.4
38.7
84.3
66.4
147.0
56.9
15.2
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
Mississippi
Jackson
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
Las Vegas
Reno
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Camden
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
See footnotes at end of table.
112
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Mining
Total
Construction
State and area
April
2000
New Mexico
Albuquerque
LasCruces
Santa Fe
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy .
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
March
2001
April
2001P
753.6
359.0
59.4
75.0
15.0
8,587.4
455.4
118.4
554.6
8,648.3
458.0
4.6
.5
114.5
43.0
49.9
116.8
43.5
49.6
1,210.9
1,219.9
4,307.8
3,759.9
132.1
547.3
8,707.4
462.6
121.3
554.1
117.1
43.3
50.5
1,231.3
4,244.9
3,701.1
129.8
553.4
108.9
120.6
551.6
3,985.0
114.8
868.5
673.9
703.1
326.9
51.7
325.5
52.1
102.0
48.8
101.4
49.5
326.9
52.3
101.4
49.7
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Hamilton-Middletown
Lima
Mansfield
Steubenville-Weirton
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
5,617.9
334.7
5,597.5
335.4
189.7
884.5
5,639.5
338.7
1,178.5
888.9
478.9
132.3
82.6
80.6
49.7
1,183.9
894.7
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City .
Tulsa
1,480.6
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield ..
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver.
Salem
1,590.5
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton.
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
5,691.4
285.4
247.9
24.1
38.7
536.9
399.3
144.0
72.4
956.1
136.8
60.9
136.9
362.7
89.0
226.0
2,397.0
704.0
1,128.1
171.0
287.7
50.8
71.2
55.2
172.6
480.1
133.0
83.2
81.4
50.3
333.9
330.9
242.0
240.2
7.6
55.7
35.0
42.5
241.6
7.7
55.9
35.3
42.7
3.6
14.7
2.6
5.5
2.7
13.2
2.5
5.0
2.6
14.2
2.5
5.2
2.7
12.5
.5
.5
243.1
238.2
13.7
9.2
41.8
45.3
40.0
249.1
14.7
17.9
7.6
4.0
2.8
1.6
16.1
9.7
18.8
7.7
4.1
2.9
61.9
.9
62.7
.9
1.6
23.9
19.4
3.4
(
)
C)>
<
)
(
12.7
.6
.5
.8
.9
.6
.2
(!)
( )
<
)
9.0
41.8
47.1
40.6
18.2
7.9
( )
( )
)
14.4
4.1
2.7
1
.4
.2
.5
.4
.3
.5
1.6
16.6
10.7
28.3
.7
.1
6.2
7.1
29.8
.7
.1
59.4
.9
1.5
7.0
7.1
29.9
.7
.1
7.0
7.2
1.7
.1
.1
1.0
.3
1.7
.1
.1
1.0
.3
80.3
6.6
3.4
18.7
19.1
245.3
12.3
2.7
5.1
15.1
4.3
14.2
137.5
5,703.0
287.0
60.5
135.8
5,737.8
19.4
289.0
61.6
136.9
365.6
113
(
1
968.1
87.9
227.0
2,402.6
701.2
1,132.3
169.0
289.4
50.6
71.5
55.4
171.5
12.3
.5
.5
.8
.9
.7
.2
.4
.2
.5
137.4
361.5
3.7
)
(
966.5
406.7
)
)
1
244.9
See footnotes at end of table.
229.4
7.5
53.2
34.6
40.7
4.0
(!)
1.8
.1
.1
1.0
.3
171.4
4.0
18.4
5.0
1,594.9
143.5
73.3
50.1
70.2
54.9
326.8
18.1
4.5
20.3
14.1
3.3
23.8
308.8
16.5
4.1
18.3
4.7
1.7
2.0
61.1
154.1
122.8
5.3
17.3
5.0
12.8
3.0
24.0
17.2
4.2
149.1
118.0
5.2
1,593.2
143.3
73.1
1,120.0
168.4
286.1
315.6
1.8
2.0
61.4
1,500.7
23.6
38.9
548.8
694.8
4.8
.6
20.1
4.9
1,491.9
23.4
38.5
545.6
405.2
87.8
225.5
2,386.3
45.1
24.3
3.3
4.2
4.2
.5
(
<
(
(M>
(M
4.5
4
(M
4.2
.4
April
2001P
44.2
23.9
3.3
4.2
1
3.9
March
2001
43.2
22.2
3.3
4.2
136.0
418.0
190.4
890.3
April
2000
16.3
110.4
354.4
3,968.9
113.8
864.4
673.8
700.2
187.2
16.1
(!)
( )
132.4
551.1
109.8
3,930.8
112.9
843.5
673.3
687.5
881.9
1,177.5
882.6
480.8
132.9
81.9
80.4
50.5
331.9
April
2001P
4,326.0
3,774.6
349.7
134.7
415.2
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks
March
2001
750.0
358.4
59.1
75.1
740.8
351.3
56.9
74.9
351.7
135.6
412.0
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point.
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
April
2000
4.3
21.9
18.7
51.3
7.2
97.8
15.0
57.8
7.7
10.8
1.9
2.6
2.1
10.0
1.6
23.8
19.2
4.9
1.7
2.1
63.6
157.7
125.0
5.4
18.5
5.2
14.9
3.5
25.1
9.4
42.7
47.8
41.6
1.7
16.6
10.7
82.6
6.5
3.5
52.0
7.5
82.5
6.5
3.5
238.4
12.2
2.7
4.8
14.6
251.2
3.9
13.9
96.6
13.9
55.2
7.0
9.7
1.8
2.5
1.9
9.7
51.5
7.4
12.9
2.9
5.1
15.4
4.2
14.3
100.2
15.0
59.1
7.4
10.9
1.9
2.6
2.1
10.1
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Vlanufacturinc
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
41.9
27.2
3.0
1.8
42.5
28.4
3.2
1.8
42.3
28.2
3.3
1.8
36.8
20.0
2.1
1.3
37.2
20.0
2.3
1.1
37.3
20.1
2.3
1.1
170.8
81.6
11.8
15.3
171.6
83.1
11.8
15.2
172.9
83.3
12.0
15.2
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
870.9
38.1
24.2
85.9
16.6
8.7
7.7
111.5
291.1
242.0
11.8
113.0
11.3
49.6
19.6
36.1
848.2
37.5
24.5
84.6
17.5
8.7
7.8
110.1
279.2
229.6
11.8
109.9
11.7
48.1
19.1
36.0
847.1
37.6
24.5
84.5
17.4
8.8
7.8
109.5
278.1
229.3
11.5
108.6
11.6
48.0
18.6
35.6
429.1
18.7
5.1
26.2
4.6
1.6
1.4
56.9
239.9
212.2
7.4
18.9
6.2
20.8
4.3
20.8
439.9
18.9
5.1
26.3
4.7
1.6
1.5
58.1
243.7
215.1
7.7
19.6
6.5
21.9
4.5
21.5
442.0
18.8
5.1
26.3
4.7
1.6
1.5
58.6
244.1
215.5
7.8
19.8
6.4
21.7
4.5
21.5
1,716.0
92.7
24.1
127.9
21.8
10.1
11.1
305.0
737.9
620.7
35.2
116.6
24.6
80.3
27.7
87.9
1,727.3
93.5
24.2
127.5
22.0
10.1
10.9
306.8
751.2
633.3
36.2
116.2
24.7
80.5
27.8
88.3
1,735.8
94.2
24.2
128.0
22.1
10.1
11.2
309.0
752.2
635.0
36.5
116.8
24.5
81.0
28.3
88.0
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point..
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
784.0
17.9
136.4
157.2
86.8
759.1
17.7
129.4
153.3
89.3
756.4
17.6
131.5
151.9
89.4
180.0
4.5
55.6
35.5
31.7
182.7
4.6
55.6
35.1
32.5
182.8
4.6
55.6
34.9
32.6
887.8
27.6
201.5
149.0
142.8
893.2
28.6
210.5
150.3
140.4
900.2
28.9
210.5
150.3
141.2
24.5
3.0
8.0
3.9
24.8
3.0
8.2
4.2
24.9
3.1
8.2
4.1
18.9
3.3
5.1
1.9
18.7
3.3
5.1
1.8
18.6
3.4
5.0
1.9
81.7
12.4
28.5
13.1
80.9
12.3
28.4
13.2
81.9
12.4
28.5
13.3
1,084.7
64.6
45.9
140.9
222.2
94.0
96.2
22.6
20.6
22.8
13.1
60.9
53.4
1,064.2
63.2
45.0
138.2
217.1
92.4
92.8
22.0
19.8
22.4
12.2
60.5
49.3
1,061.6
63.3
44.6
138.7
215.1
91.7
92.1
22.0
19.7
22.5
12.3
61.3
48.9
249.2
15.0
4.8
49.2
47.8
42.3
22.0
5.4
3.0
3.4
2.7
15.6
10.3
246.3
14.7
4.9
49.0
48.2
42.8
22.8
5.5
3.3
3.5
2.7
15.3
10.1
248.7
14.9
4.9
49.0
48.6
43.7
22.6
5.5
3.3
3.6
2.8
15.8
10.1
1,340.2
83.0
46.1
217.0
270.8
227.4
110.9
35.0
18.0
18.2
10.3
80.2
62.9
1,336.7
84.8
46.8
218.3
271.6
229.1
111.3
34.8
18.7
18.5
9.9
79.6
62.7
1,346.6
84.8
47.3
219.0
272.4
229.8
111.6
35.1
18.8
18.7
10.1
79.9
63.6
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
180.9
2.5
3.6
54.0
54.6
179.8
2.5
3.8
53.5
55.4
178.6
2.5
3.7
53.2
55.3
84.6
2.3
1.7
27.4
33.2
85.0
2.2
1.7
29.5
34.3
85.5
2.2
1.8
29.4
34.3
339.5
6.1
8.8
124.9
93.0
337.9
6.1
8.8
125.6
92.0
340.6
6.1
8.9
126.4
92.4
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
239.7
24.0
9.1
146.1
16.6
234.4
22.9
8.6
144.7
15.6
235.3
22.9
8.6
145.7
15.3
79.0
4.2
3.7
55.9
4.3
79.4
4.4
3.9
55.8
4.9
79.6
4.3
4.1
55.7
4.9
387.6
34.9
20.4
235.1
29.1
384.8
34.7
20.8
233.7
28.8
385.5
35.0
20.8
235.1
29.0
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
923.2
55.1
10.4
34.0
43.3
12.9
57.2
299.6
56.8
136.2
41.8
55.3
11.1
8.2
13.8
46.9
908.4
55.5
10.0
33.2
42.2
11.7
56.1
294.7
55.9
135.0
39.8
54.8
10.4
8.1
13.9
47.0
904.5
55.5
10.1
33.3
42.1
11.6
55.9
294.1
56.4
135.0
39.2
55.0
10.5
7.9
13.7
46.9
301.2
17.1
4.4
5.0
26.7
5.9
8.6
113.7
36.7
71.4
8.5
16.8
2.1
2.3
2.0
8.7
304.3
17.1
4.4
4.9
28.2
5.6
8.7
116.2
37.1
71.4
8.5
17.1
2.0
2.3
1.9
8.6
304.7
16.9
4.4
4.9
28.5
5.7
8.6
115.7
37.1
71.6
8.4
17.3
2.1
2.4
1.9
8.6
1,264.8
61.7
16.0
29.8
78.6
20.4
57.0
522.4
121.1
264.0
39.7
67.1
13.3
12.7
13.3
41.1
1,264.7
62.5
16.2
29.4
78.4
20.1
56.1
515.6
119.8
263.3
39.6
67.2
13.1
12.5
13.3
40.0
1,270.3
62.8
16.6
29.8
79.2
20.1
56.9
519.8
120.9
266.1
39.7
68.0
13.3
12.6
13.5
40.0
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Hamilton-Middletown
Lima
Mansfield
Steubenville-Weirton
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
See footnotes at end of table.
114
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
31.8
18.8
1.9
3.5
32.1
18.9
2.0
3.6
32.2
19.0
2.0
3.6
214.8
113.8
15.3
22.4
219.3
115.4
16.3
22.7
220.7
115.8
16.2
22.8
186.5
67.7
19.5
26.4
187.0
68.7
20.2
26.5
186.8
68.3
20.3
26.3
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
739.9
24.7
4.4
29.8
4.6
1.3
2.4
84.2
518.1
485.4
5.6
21.2
5.2
17.2
7.8
26.3
747.5
25.0
4.6
30.2
4.7
1.3
2.4
84.2
523.6
490.6
5.7
20.6
5.3
17.1
7.7
26.6
747.3
25.1
4.6
30.3
4.8
1.3
2.3
84.5
522.9
489.9
5.6
20.7
5.4
17.2
7.8
26.5
3,019.1
151.3
32.6
172.3
39.0
11.8
14.4
395.3
1,644.9
1,448.6
36.0
178.6
36.5
105.9
44.0
152.1
3,094.3
153.7
34.3
172.8
40.4
12.4
14.2
403.5
1,699.3
1,502.2
36.6
179.0
36.2
106.3
44.1
153.4
3,120.3
155.0
34.6
173.2
40.6
12.2
14.7
407.1
1,712.1
1,512.0
37.0
181.1
36.6
108.1
44.8
155.9
1,492.2
112.2
23.8
92.4
23.0
7.7
10.9
196.6
663.9
574.0
28.6
86.3
20.1
63.8
28.9
65.0
1,478.1
112.4
23.8
91.9
22.8
7.7
10.8
196.1
656.7
566.1
28.8
84.4
20.4
63.0
28.5
65.4
1,483.3
113.2
23.8
91.5
22.6
7.6
10.9
199.0
658.9
567.7
28.6
85.2
20.7
63.5
28.5
65.4
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
185.3
3.4
66.4
35.1
31.6
188.6
3.5
68.8
35.0
31.4
188.7
3.4
68.9
35.0
31.6
1,030.4
35.9
230.9
188.1
225.5
1,044.7
35.9
235.3
189.9
233.1
1,054.6
36.6
237.0
191.2
236.5
630.0
16.1
99.5
73.8
128.4
656.4
15.9
109.1
75.2
131.0
656.7
16.0
109.1
75.3
129.1
16.4
2.4
7.0
1.4
16.4
2.5
7.2
1.4
16.3
2.5
7.2
1.4
92.0
16.9
31.4
12.8
92.6
17.2
31.3
13.1
92.6
17.3
31.2
13.0
75.3
11.1
16.5
13.0
75.2
11.3
16.2
13.2
74.8
11.1
16.1
13.3
306.6
14.1
7.0
55.7
80.7
76.3
18.0
7.8
2.0
2.4
1.4
11.2
9.4
308.0
14.5
7.0
57.0
80.4
78.5
17.9
7.5
2.1
2.3
1.3
11.6
9.3
308.6
14.6
7.0
56.9
80.4
79.1
18.1
7.4
2.2
2.3
1.3
11.4
9.4
1,585.9
92.4
52.6
271.8
359.8
259.9
143.8
31.4
23.5
19.4
14.4
97.0
67.7
1,585.7
93.2
54.7
274.4
364.2
261.9
145.0
32.0
23.7
19.4
14.9
97.6
66.4
1,608.9
95.2
55.2
277.7
368.4
264.6
145.8
32.2
24.1
19.8
15.0
98.8
68.2
795.5
50.6
21.3
104.7
148.2
141.5
71.5
22.8
10.7
11.5
6.6
50.2
33.0
806.1
50.8
21.6
105.0
150.8
143.5
71.0
22.9
11.0
11.7
6.7
50.0
34.0
803.5
50.7
21.5
105.5
150.3
143.5
70.9
23.1
11.0
11.6
6.7
49.8
33.5
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
73.0
1.1
1.7
29.0
21.7
73.4
1.1
1.7
29.3
21.9
73.8
1.1
1.7
29.5
22.0
423.5
6.6
9.6
166.2
126.2
429.9
6.1
9.3
166.2
128.8
435.0
6.2
9.5
168.3
129.8
291.4
3.9
11.7
107.3
44.8
294.2
3.8
11.5
110.7
46.5
294.6
3.9
11.6
111.1
46.3
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
93.2
7.1
3.1
64.4
6.6
94.4
7.1
3.2
64.6
6.7
95.0
7.1
3.2
64.5
6.7
436.5
40.0
20.7
275.1
33.1
442.8
40.2
21.1
283.3
33.5
443.5
40.4
21.3
283.8
33.7
272.4
27.1
11.9
127.2
39.6
273.1
27.4
11.9
131.4
40.1
271.8
27.2
11.7
130.8
40.2
325.5
14.4
1.8
5.4
24.6
4.0
9.9
168.1
52.0
66.1
8.2
13.2
1.5
2.2
2.5
5.1
326.4
14.3
1.6
5.7
24.4
4.3
10.0
167.9
51.6
65.7
8.4
13.5
1.6
2.1
2.4
4.8
327.9
14.4
1.7
5.7
24.6
4.3
10.2
168.3
52.5
66.2
8.5
13.6
1.6
2.2
2.4
4.8
1,865.3
92.0
16.7
40.8
105.2
26.7
58.6
884.9
301.0
400.1
45.0
87.3
15.1
14.7
15.0
43.1
1,894.1
92.1
16.5
41.5
103.9
27.4
59.8
890.1
297.4
397.4
44.7
87.1
15.2
14.5
15.0
44.2
1,909.9
93.2
16.8
41.8
105.9
27.1
60.2
895.0
299.4
402.3
45.4
88.1
15.3
14.7
15.2
44.1
746.7
32.8
8.9
16.8
69.2
14.8
20.1
310.5
121.4
128.0
20.1
36.8
5.8
28.5
6.5
17.3
748.0
33.3
9.1
16.3
69.8
14.8
20.5
305.2
119.1
127.8
20.4
36.3
6.0
28.2
6.5
16.7
750.2
33.3
9.1
16.3
69.9
14.9
20.5
309.5
119.9
127.7
20.4
36.1
5.9
29.1
6.6
16.6
New Mexico
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Santa Fe
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Hamilton-Middletown
Lima
Mansfield
Steubenville-Weirton
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Philadelphia City
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
See footnotes at end of table.
U5
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Construction
Mining
State and area
April
2000
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
474.3
531.1
472.2
526.0
478.6
531.3
1,873.0
250.9
297.8
490.0
1,889.6
260.9
304.0
491.1
1,901.3
261.6
306.5
494.3
(1)
(1)
(1)
377.5
49.9
114.9
374.6
50.0
114.1
376.7
50.2
114.5
(1)
(1)
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
2,724.1
235.4
198.5
337.1
593.7
677.7
2,736.2
236.7
198.6
336.1
599.5
687.9
2,755.6
238.1
198.7
339.0
601.0
688.1
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
9,375.4
56.0
99.0
663.9
161.5
77.6
108.2
77.8
159.3
1,967.1
254.7
789.0
87.8
2,064.6
104.2
68.3
92.5
120.1
156.3
101.1
43.9
717.0
45.9
52.7
83.2
37.4
102.5
59.5
9,603.0
54.7
99.8
686.4
162.0
78.3
112.1
78.7
159.5
2,031.3
257.4
809.8
87.2
2,115.0
104.6
70.8
92.3
121.6
163.8
103.1
44.1
733.3
45.4
53.2
84.8
37.6
101.5
59.5
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
1,070.0
151.8
714.4
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg- Anderson
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
April
2001P
March
2001
.1
.2
.2
.3
2.0
17.1
19.0
18.3
19.9
1.9
115.3
18.6
17.6
31.3
118.6
18.7
18.1
31.2
119.0
18.7
18.3
31.2
1.0
17.3
3.6
5.8
16.2
3.3
5.1
17.9
3.6
5.4
4.1
126.6
10.2
10.6
16.8
26.2
34.7
129.0
10.3
10.7
17.1
26.2
35.4
1.0
1.2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
4.1
4.1
April
2001P
17.7
19.6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(M
(1)
March
2001
.2
.3
1.9
(1)
April
2000
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
125.5
9.7
10.8
17.3
26.6
34.5
9,629.0
54.9
100.5
688.1
161.7
78.6
112.5
79.0
160.3
2,040.4
257.9
811.8
87.2
2,118.0
105.5
71.1
92.6
122.1
164.2
103.5
44.3
735.4
45.3
53.3
85.2
38.0
102.2
60.3
147.0
.8
.6
1.4
.9
1.3
1
( )
.7
1.9
9.2
(1)
3.9
.5
62.8
1
( )
1.1
3.4
.1
1.2
11.0
.7
2.0
(1)
(1)
1.3
1.8
(1)
.9
155.0
.9
.6
1.6
.9
1.3
1
( )
.7
2.0
8.7
(1)
4.0
.5
64.0
1
( )
1.1
3.7
.1
1.4
11.8
.8
2.0
(1)
(1)
1.3
2.3
(1)
.9
156.2
.9
.6
1.6
.9
1.3
1
( )
.7
2.0
8.6
(1)
3.9
.5
64.5
1
( )
1.1
3.7
.1
1.4
11.9
.8
2.0
(1)
(1)
1.4
2.3
1
( )
.9
554.5
2.2
5.5
38.7
18.1
11.4
4.0
3.4
13.3
105.7
12.6
44.2
4.1
152.9
4.6
2.4
4.8
4.4
8.7
5.6
2.3
37.9
2.8
2.5
3.5
2.3
5.4
2.2
573.0
2.3
5.2
39.7
18.8
10.9
4.5
3.4
12.4
112.5
12.8
45.9
4.4
156.7
4.6
2.6
5.0
4.5
9.1
5.9
2.3
40.0
2.9
2.5
3.4
2.2
5.5
2.1
576.1
2.3
5.4
40.1
18.4
11.0
4.6
3.6
12.6
113.6
12.7
46.3
4.4
157.0
4.7
2.6
5.0
4.5
9.3
5.8
2.3
39.8
2.9
2.6
3.4
2.3
5.6
2.2
1,085.6
156.2
724.5
1,091.5
156.6
728.5
8.2
(1)
70.0
10.1
46.3
67.0
9.9
44.2
68.2
10.1
45.3
293.5
33.3
107.6
301.4
34.0
108.9
297.2
33.6
110.1
.6
13.8
1.4
5.3
12.5
1.2
5.2
13.2
1.3
5.4
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
3,484.2
39.6
88.8
45.9
104.1
696.5
1,133.2
557.2
144.7
3,545.2
39.4
90.9
46.1
103.8
702.6
1,189.0
570.8
146.4
3,561.1
39.6
91.1
46.2
105.3
703.9
1,194.6
571.4
146.7
10.0
(1)
1
( )
(1)
(1)
(1)
.8
.8
1
( )
10.1
207.5
1.4
5.3
2.3
6.2
41.8
68.7
35.8
8.9
219.3
1.3
5.5
2.3
6.2
43.1
75.0
37.0
8.6
222.7
1.3
5.6
2.4
6.5
43.0
76.1
37.1
8.8
Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
Spokane
Tacoma
2,690.6
1,403.6
194.4
244.1
2,720.6
1,433.5
195.7
241.4
2,731.1
1,440.0
196.6
244.2
3.5
1.1
156.3
81.8
11.0
16.0
158.7
82.2
10.6
15.5
161.0
83.2
11.2
15.4
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
See footnotes at end of table.
116
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.6
.6
8.1
8.1
(1)
(1)
2.9
2.9
.7
.6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
9.9
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.8
.9
1
.2
(M
(11)
()
(11)
()
.8
.9
1
( )
( )
3.6
1.2
3.6
1.2
1
( )
( )
3.0
(1)
(1)
1
1
.5
( )
.2
.2
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Wholesale and retail trade
Transportation and
public utilities
Manufacturing
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
73.0
92.6
71.7
90.5
71.8
90.7
16.8
18.5
16.7
18.3
16.9
18.5
107.1
124.6
107.3
124.5
109.2
125.8
347.8
22.6
27.2
121.7
343.6
23.0
28.0
121.9
343.0
22.7
28.4
122.1
93.9
14.5
14.6
23.5
95.3
15.3
15.0
24.7
95.0
14.4
15.2
24.9
444.5
61.7
68.9
122.0
448.3
61.3
71.3
122.8
452.7
62.3
72.2
123.2
49.6
4.5
14.1
47.5
4.5
13.4
47.0
4.2
13.3
17.0
2.2
6.8
17.0
2.2
7.1
16.8
2.2
7.0
91.7
14.0
28.6
90.5
14.0
28.5
91.3
14.2
28.5
510.0
45.8
46.4
47.6
61.7
97.5
494.5
45.5
45.9
46.7
58.9
93.2
492.9
45.4
45.6
46.6
59.1
93.4
177.2
20.8
7.9
15.6
71.6
35.2
179.8
20.8
7.8
15.4
72.5
36.8
182.5
21.1
7.8
15.8
73.7
36.3
636.7
49.0
47.3
90.0
148.9
161.3
643.5
49.2
47.1
90.3
152.5
166.3
649.9
49.5
47.6
91.0
153.3
166.4
1,079.5
3.6
8.9
83.0
23.0
13.8
12.4
5.7
13.0
251.9
37.8
111.5
8.2
208.6
9.5
1.8
17.7
7.3
11.8
6.5
4.7
54.0
9.7
6.0
11.3
3.1
16.5
8.5
1,082.7
3.2
9.0
86.5
23.3
14.0
12.4
5.6
12.8
249.5
37.2
111.1
8.1
211.3
9.4
1.8
17.4
7.1
12.7
6.9
4.4
55.1
9.4
6.1
11.6
3.1
15.0
8.6
1,080.0
3.2
9.0
84.4
23.2
14.0
12.5
5.8
12.9
249.3
37.1
110.9
7.9
211.8
9.2
1.8
17.4
7.1
12.4
6.9
4.4
55.2
9.3
6.1
11.7
3.0
15.0
8.6
579.2
2.6
5.2
21.4
7.9
3.0
5.4
1.7
7.2
134.3
15.5
77.3
3.6
150.0
3.7
12.4
4.0
6.6
6.5
3.9
2.6
36.2
1.8
2.7
3.5
1.8
4.3
2.2
606.8
2.4
5.2
22.4
7.9
2.9
5.7
1.7
7.2
140.5
16.3
80.9
3.5
155.2
3.7
13.3
4.0
7.7
6.9
4.1
2.6
39.1
1.8
2.8
3.6
1.8
4.5
2.1
608.3
2.4
5.3
22.2
8.0
2.9
5.8
1.7
7.4
141.3
16.3
80.8
3.5
154.6
3.7
13.4
4.0
7.8
7.1
4.1
2.6
39.5
1.8
2.8
3.7
1.8
4.5
2.1
2,220.7
14.5
27.3
149.7
36.7
15.9
26.1
15.2
36.8
479.1
60.4
193.5
20.5
468.4
24.8
17.4
23.4
32.8
41.7
26.9
10.2
173.2
10.1
14.0
22.5
9.8
22.7
14.6
2,258.5
14.1
27.4
154.6
36.5
16.0
27.3
15.1
36.7
499.9
61.4
199.6
20.0
474.4
24.9
17.4
23.4
32.7
44.0
27.4
10.4
177.8
10.0
14.1
22.8
9.6
22.6
14.2
2,264.4
14.2
27.6
155.8
36.3
16.0
27.5
15.0
36.9
502.1
61.7
199.5
20.2
475.0
25.4
17.4
23.5
32.8
43.7
27.8
10.5
178.2
10.0
14.1
22.8
9.7
23.1
14.4
130.3
18.8
82.6
130.5
19.3
82.9
130.2
19.4
83.1
60.0
2.4
47.9
60.1
2.5
48.9
60.2
2.5
48.7
247.9
33.4
165.9
250.7
33.7
167.7
252.1
33.8
168.2
48.3
4.2
18.9
49.2
4.2
20.0
49.3
4.1
20.1
12.3
1.1
5.0
12.4
1.1
5.0
12.5
1.1
5.0
66.3
7.0
23.4
67.3
7.1
23.2
67.1
7.0
23.4
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
387.6
9.2
8.2
14.3
23.9
69.0
38.8
60.9
19.3
382.4
8.7
7.3
14.1
24.2
69.8
38.4
59.1
19.2
380.5
9.0
7.2
14.1
24.3
69.3
37.9
58.8
19.1
183.8
1.4
2.4
1.0
3.6
33.0
74.3
27.0
9.1
192.6
1.5
2.6
1.1
3.5
33.3
79.6
27.8
9.0
191.7
1.4
2.7
1.1
3.4
33.1
79.8
27.7
9.1
756.0
11.3
17.1
9.8
21.5
162.1
226.0
127.9
36.0
761.0
11.5
17.2
9.8
21.6
162.1
235.4
131.5
36.8
765.4
11.5
17.2
9.8
22.1
162.7
237.1
131.9
36.9
Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
Spokane
351.1
202.1
22.1
23.5
339.3
198.5
21.3
22.3
337.5
198.3
20.7
22.3
143.8
87.1
8.5
10.4
147.6
88.1
8.1
10.3
147.8
88.2
8.2
10.4
641.7
328.4
49.4
59.2
645.2
336.6
50.1
59.1
649.3
338.1
50.6
59.2
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
Tacoma
See footnotes at end of table.
117
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Services
Government
State and area
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
30.4
32.0
30.4
32.0
30.3
31.8
163.9
175.5
163.7
174.6
166.6
177.2
65.2
68.0
65.2
66.9
65.3
67.1
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson
81.5
9.2
22.2
15.9
81.0
9.3
22.2
15.9
81.7
9.5
22.3
16.0
460.6
73.4
75.1
112.4
474.2
80.1
76.0
111.1
482.2
80.9
76.6
112.9
327.4
50.9
72.2
63.2
326.7
53.2
73.4
63.5
325.8
53.1
73.5
64.0
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
25.6
3.2
14.1
26.0
3.2
14.2
26.0
3.2
14.3
103.6
15.1
35.3
104.7
15.7
35.4
105.2
15.9
35.6
71.5
7.3
10.2
71.7
7.1
10.4
71.5
6.9
10.4
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
130.4
16.4
7.4
15.0
29.7
41.8
130.3
16.7
7.4
15.2
30.0
42.2
130.6
16.7
7.4
15.3
30.1
41.9
738.0
60.4
47.8
95.3
171.4
220.5
749.9
60.8
48.8
95.6
176.6
226.3
759.4
61.5
48.7
97.1
175.6
226.6
402.2
33.3
30.9
55.7
83.8
86.9
407.5
33.5
31.0
55.5
82.8
88.4
407.2
33.6
30.9
55.6
83.0
88.1
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
521.2
2.5
5.6
33.0
5.3
2.0
3.9
2.7
6.6
156.2
10.0
39.0
5.5
112.7
4.3
2.9
3.5
6.0
5.5
4.0
1.8
50.2
2.8
1.8
4.2
1.6
6.7
2.3
528.7
2.5
5.8
33.0
5.3
1.9
3.8
2.7
6.7
157.3
10.2
41.1
5.3
115.4
4.2
3.0
3.7
6.2
5.5
4.1
1.8
50.9
2.7
1.8
4.3
1.6
6.7
2.2
529.9
2.5
5.8
33.1
5.3
1.9
3.9
2.6
6.7
157.3
10.2
41.2
5.3
115.4
4.3
3.1
3.7
6.3
5.6
4.1
1.8
51.1
2.7
1.8
4.3
1.6
6.7
2.3
2,684.3
19.7
28.5
198.0
41.8
15.3
31.2
17.2
49.5
612.6
60.9
218.3
19.7
637.5
29.0
14.2
23.2
36.0
39.5
24.8
12.5
228.5
12.5
14.4
25.1
10.0
31.0
15.7
2,791.3
19.5
28.7
207.9
41.3
15.8
33.1
17.6
50.8
636.5
62.1
223.4
19.8
657.8
29.4
15.1
22.9
36.5
41.8
24.5
12.5
236.6
12.5
14.7
25.8
10.1
31.1
16.0
2,804.6
19.5
29.1
209.5
41.6
16.0
33.0
17.7
50.8
641.9
62.3
225.1
19.9
658.8
29.7
15.1
23.0
36.6
42.2
24.6
12.6
239.1
12.5
14.7
26.0
10.3
31.2
16.2
1,589.0
10.1
17.4
138.7
27.8
14.9
25.2
31.2
31.0
218.1
57.5
101.3
25.7
271.7
28.3
16.1
12.5
26.9
41.4
18.4
9.1
135.0
6.2
11.3
11.8
7.0
15.9
13.1
1,607.0
9.8
17.9
140.7
28.0
15.5
25.3
31.9
30.9
226.4
57.4
103.8
25.6
280.2
28.4
16.5
12.2
26.8
42.4
18.4
9.3
131.8
6.1
11.2
12.0
6.9
16.1
13.4
1,609.5
9.9
17.7
141.4
28.0
15.5
25.2
31.9
31.0
226.3
57.6
104.1
25.5
280.9
28.5
16.6
12.3
26.9
42.5
18.3
9.3
130.5
6.1
11.2
11.9
7.0
16.1
13.6
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
56.6
4.3
46.7
58.5
4.4
47.9
58.2
4.5
48.0
307.5
61.5
200.5
318.7
64.8
207.3
321.0
64.5
208.5
189.6
21.3
121.6
192.0
21.6
122.7
193.4
21.8
123.7
Vermont
Barre-Montpelier
Burlington
12.3
2.6
5.1
12.3
2.6
4.8
12.4
2.7
4.7
88.3
8.9
32.4
94.9
9.4
33.0
90.4
9.2
33.5
51.5
8.1
17.5
52.2
8.4
17.7
51.7
8.2
18.0
187.3
1.2
4.9
1.5
4.4
35.3
62.5
48.5
10.5
191.3
1.2
5.2
1.5
4.6
35.5
65.4
50.3
11.1
191.6
1.2
5.3
1.5
4.6
36.1
65.1
50.3
11.1
1,120.4
8.9
22.6
10.7
31.0
208.8
473.4
150.9
42.8
1,154.7
9.1
23.5
11.0
30.5
211.3
501.8
155.6
44.0
1,163.4
9.2
23.7
11.0
31.2
212.1
504.8
156.3
44.1
631.6
6.2
28.3
6.3
13.5
146.5
188.7
105.4
18.1
634.0
6.1
29.6
6.3
13.2
147.5
192.6
108.6
17.7
635.7
6.0
29.4
6.3
13.2
147.6
193.0
108.4
17.6
136.5
83.6
11.0
13.1
138.0
85.2
10.7
13.3
138.3
85.4
10.7
13.3
768.4
428.0
59.6
71.4
793.2
447.4
61.3
70.0
798.0
450.7
61.6
72.5
489.3
191.5
32.8
50.3
495.0
194.3
33.6
50.7
495.6
194.9
33.6
50.9
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News ....
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
Spokane
Tacoma
See footnotes at end of table.
118
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Total
Mining
Construction
State and area
April
2000
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
LaCrosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
Virgin Islands
March
2001
April
2001P
732.9
136.6
123.3
70.3
67.5
732.4
137.5
124.7
71.7
67.0
736.5
138.8
125.4
72.1
67.2
2,819.9
205.0
77.4
145.4
71.4
56.1
73.3
288.3
866.0
81.8
63.3
69.8
2,806.2
206.0
76.6
148.3
71.4
56.5
73.6
292.0
866.2
81.4
64.6
69.5
2,832.3
206.8
77.9
149.1
72.0
56.8
74.2
296.1
869.3
82.4
65.8
69.9
234.0
31.9
236.5
32.5
238.8
32.7
1,013.0
72.6
69.7
79.3
647.0
1,001.9
70.3
68.7
80.5
637.0
1,001.4
70.1
68.5
80.5
637.7
42.6
2
( )
2
( )
See footnotes at end of table.
119
April
2000
March
2001
20.7
2.5
.9
.3
1.6
20.3
2.2
.9
.3
1.5
2.7
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1.5
(1)
(1)
(1)
.7
1
( )
32.2
6.1
5.6
4.0
2.3
34.1
6.5
5.6
4.1
2.3
2.4
121.3
12.8
3.1
7.8
2.9
2.3
2.7
13.6
33.4
3.4
2.7
3.1
111.1
12.9
2.7
7.7
2.7
2.0
2.3
12.5
31.0
3.2
3.0
2.8
119.5
13.0
3.2
8.3
2.9
2.1
2.5
13.5
32.8
3.7
3.2
3.0
18.4
2.1
17.4
1.9
15.9
1.8
17.5
1.9
1.4
71.1
4.1
4.7
7.0
47.3
74.7
3.5
4.7
7.1
48.1
73.9
3.4
4.7
6.9
48.4
1.5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
.7
1
( )
.7
1
April
2001P
33.6
6.5
5.3
3.7
2.6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
18.2
2.1
March
2001
21.1
2.6
1.0
.3
1.6
2.1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
16.3
1.8
April
2000
April
2001P
( )
1.9
(2)
(2)
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
State and area
April
2000
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah .
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
LaCrosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
Virgin Islands
March
2001
April
2001P
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
80.7
10.3
14.4
12.7
6.3
78.6
10.2
13.9
12.5
6.1
78.5
10.2
13.9
12.4
6.1
37.4
9.4
6.7
2.5
2.4
36.7
8.9
6.7
2.5
2.3
36.7
8.9
6.8
2.6
2.3
162.5
31.3
31.3
17.8
17.0
162.1
31.8
31.5
17.7
16.6
163.6
32.4
31.7
17.8
16.9
611.8
59.8
12.8
29.3
19.6
12.5
11.1
30.7
172.2
23.7
27.1
19.4
600.4
59.8
12.1
30.0
18.9
12.2
10.6
29.8
169.4
23.3
26.7
18.8
598.7
59.4
11.9
30.3
18.8
12.1
10.5
29.9
168.8
23.2
27.3
18.8
133.3
9.4
3.7
10.5
3.3
2.1
3.5
10.1
41.0
2.4
1.8
3.8
133.1
10.1
3.7
10.5
3.2
2.3
3.4
9.9
38.6
2.3
1.9
3.9
135.0
10.2
3.8
10.5
3.3
2.3
3.4
10.1
38.7
2.4
2.0
4.0
626.5
42.5
21.2
32.3
17.0
13.9
19.0
60.5
182.3
17.0
10.7
17.2
622.8
43.0
21.6
32.5
17.0
13.8
19.2
61.0
181.2
16.7
11.0
17.3
628.2
43.5
22.0
32.5
17.4
14.1
19.6
61.5
181.0
16.9
11.1
17.3
11.1
1.5
11.2
1.6
11.1
1.6
14.3
1.7
14.0
1.6
14.2
1.5
52.4
8.6
53.4
8.8
53.9
9.0
141.6
15.3
15.5
9.0
68.1
135.9
15.1
13.8
8.4
66.7
135.2
15.0
13.6
8.3
66.7
34.1
1.6
1.2
2.5
26.7
33.5
1.5
1.2
2.7
26.7
33.7
1.5
1.2
2.7
26.9
215.5
17.5
12.5
14.4
143.1
213.4
17.1
12.1
13.8
141.7
213.2
16.8
11.9
13.9
141.7
2.5
(2)
(2)
See footnotes at end of table.
April
2000
120
2.5
(2)
(2)
9.1
(2)
(2)
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry — Continued
(In thousands)
Finance, insurance,
and real estate
Government
Services
State and area
April
2000
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
LaCrosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Puerto Rico
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
Virgin Islands
March
2001
April
2001P
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
29.4
7.7
4.6
2.6
2.7
29.6
7.9
5.0
2.9
2.6
29.8
7.9
5.0
2.9
2.6
225.5
45.1
37.6
21.0
24.5
228.7
45.2
38.6
21.9
25.1
228.8
45.3
38.9
22.0
25.0
143.5
24.1
22.5
9.7
10.5
143.8
24.9
22.5
9.9
10.4
143.9
25.0
22.5
10.0
10.4
147.1
8.9
2.6
11.3
1.9
1.6
3.1
21.9
57.8
2.3
1.9
4.9
150.1
9.0
2.9
11.0
2.0
1.5
3.3
22.2
58.9
2.2
1.9
4.9
150.6
9.0
2.9
11.0
2.0
1.5
3.3
22.3
59.1
2.2
1.9
4.9
758.5
47.6
21.6
37.1
17.8
14.7
22.7
75.4
284.7
23.2
12.5
13.6
769.1
47.3
21.1
39.1
18.7
15.2
23.6
79.2
290.0
23.5
13.6
13.9
775.7
47.5
21.3
39.1
18.7
15.2
23.7
79.8
290.3
23.8
13.7
13.9
418.7
23.9
12.4
17.1
8.9
9.0
11.1
76.2
94.7
9.9
6.7
7.9
417.5
24.0
12.6
17.4
9.0
9.5
11.1
77.5
97.1
10.2
6.5
8.0
422.3
24.2
12.7
17.4
9.0
9.5
11.3
79.0
98.5
10.2
6.7
8.1
8.0
1.2
8.1
1.2
8.1
1.2
52.5
9.4
53.6
9.5
53.9
9.6
62.0
5.8
62.1
5.9
61.7
5.8
48.0
1.6
2.4
2.4
38.7
46.1
1.4
2.6
2.3
37.3
46.2
1.4
2.6
2.2
37.4
216.5
14.2
13.1
18.9
145.7
221.4
14.0
13.9
20.6
145.8
222.0
14.0
14.0
21.0
146.2
284.7
18.3
20.3
25.1
176.7
275.4
17.7
20.4
25.6
170.0
275.8
18.0
20.5
25.5
169.7
2.0
11.3
1
Combined with construction.
Not available.
P = preliminary.
13.3
NOTE: All State and area data currently reflect March 2000 benchmark levels. When
more recent benchmark data are introduced with the release of January 2002 estimates,
all unadjusted data from April 2000 are subject to revision.
2
April
2000
121
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Average weekly hours
Average overtime hours
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
34.5
34.6
34.0
34.1
34.2
41.0
41.1
40.2
39.6
40.7
43.1
43.0
43.1
43.5
44.0
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
3.9
3.9
Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores
10
101
102
43.4
44.0
49.6
43.0
44.3
49.4
42.7
44.4
45.8
44.9
45.8
48.9
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining
12
122
44.5
44.9
44.1
44.5
47.1
47.2
46.1
46.1
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services
13
131
138
41.5
40.1
42.5
41.6
41.7
41.9
41.5
40.7
42.2
41.7
42.8
41.6
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
14
142
46.2
48.7
46.2
48.8
45.1
45.0
46.4
45.3
39.3
39.1
38.6
38.5
15
152
153
154
38.3
37.1
36.9
39.8
38.1
37.1
37.2
39.2
38.0
36.9
35.9
39.4
38.2
37.4
36.1
39.1
16
161
162
43.4
44.0
43.1
42.9
42.9
42.9
42.0
40.9
42.4
42.2
42.8
41.9
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
38.7
39.3
38.1
39.9
36.5
36.3
35.2
38.5
38.8
37.6
39.7
36.9
36.9
34.8
38.1
38.7
38.2
39.7
36.4
36.6
32.6
37.7
38.3
37.5
38.9
35.7
36.3
33.3
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
41.6
42.1
41.0
41.6
41.9
42.4
40.5
41.9
41.5
42.0
42.9
42.5
40.3
35.3
34.9
40.8
41.8
42.4
41.3
39.9
42.6
43.2
40.7
42.6
42.1
43.1
43.9
44.3
40.0
35.2
35.1
41.3
40.8
41.1
40.0
40.3
40.6
40.6
40.5
40.9
40.0
42.7
41.2
38.9
39.5
34.7
33.5
40.2
39.9
40.1
39.8
40.7
40.3
40.8
38.8
41.0
40.3
43.0
40.8
40.5
37.8
34.1
32.4
39.7
40.7
41.1
40.8
4.6
4.7
4.8
5.9
4.8
5.3
3.2
5.9
7.3
4.7
5.6
6.5
4.6
2.0
2.0
2.9
4.6
4.8
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.6
3.2
6.3
7.5
6.0
5.6
7.3
4.9
1.8
1.9
3.2
3.9
3.9
4.0
5.4
3.9
4.5
1.9
4.8
5.3
4.1
5.3
5.8
3.4
1.6
1.7
2.8
3.3
3.2
3.9
6.1
3.7
4.4
1.5
4.8
5.1
4.4
4.3
7.1
2.4
1.2
1.2
2.2
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259
40.0
39.5
39.5
38.5
43.4
41.0
42.3
39.0
41.2
39.4
40.0
40.0
40.2
38.6
45.1
40.6
42.6
37.8
39.9
38.9
38.8
37.7
37.8
36.7
45.0
37.4
39.1
39.8
41.8
39.1
37.7
36.7
36.2
36.9
42.6
36.5
38.5
37.8
40.4
37.2
38.1
3.5
3.0
2.9
2.2
5.3
3.7
4.6
2.4
5.1
4.3
3.6
3.2
3.3
2.4
6.7
3.2
4.9
2.1
4.7
4.0
2.5
2.0
2.2
0.8
6.3
2.5
2.1
1.9
4.3
4.3
1.9
1.4
1.3
0.7
4.1
2.5
2.0
1.5
3.4
2.7
Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ....
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
See footnotes at end of table.
122
40.3
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
$13.75
$13.70
$14.19
$14.27
$14.23
$474.38
$474.02
$482.46
$486.61
$486.67
15.40
15.26
15.69
15.77
15.86
631.40
627.19
630.74
624.49
645.50
17.24
17.31
17.57
17.62
17.54
743.04
744.33
757.27
766.47
771.76
Metal mining
Iron ores
Copper ores
10
101
102
18.65
21.48
15.65
18.52
21.19
15.71
18.71
21.00
15.67
18.75
21.49
15.52
809.41
945.12
776.24
796.36
938.72
776.07
798.92
932.40
717.69
841.88
984.24
758.93
Coal mining
Bituminous coal and lignite mining
12
122
19.09
19.21
19.14
19.29
18.57
18.66
18.62
18.74
849.51
862.53
844.07
858.41
874.65
880.75
858.38
863.91
Oil and gas extraction
Crude petroleum and natural gas
Oil and gas field services
13
131
138
17.29
23.52
14.40
17.44
23.65
14.26
17.82
23.62
15.29
17.92
23.89
15.20
717.54
943.15
612.00
725.50
986.21
597.49
739.53
961.33
645.24
747.26
1,022.49
632.32
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
14
142
15.31
14.83
15.29
14.78
15.70
14.92
15.72
15.21
707.32
722.22
706.40
721.26
708.07
671.40
729.41
689.01
17.88
17.69
18.20
18.08
702.68
691.68
702.52
696.08
15
152
153
154
17.22
15.93
16.73
18.59
17.06
15.83
16.19
18.39
17.50
16.46
17.82
18.60
17.42
16.45
17.94
18.47
659.53
591.00
617.34
739.88
649.99
587.29
602.27
720.89
665.00
607.37
639.74
732.84
665.44
615.23
647.63
722.18
16
161
162
17.18
17.64
16.98
17.00
17.33
16.85
17.20
17.05
17.24
17.17
17.38
17.08
745.61
776.16
731.84
729.30
743.46
722.87
722.40
697.35
730.98
724.57
743.86
715.65
17
171
172
173
174
175
176
18.25
18.81
16.08
20.18
17.73
18.20
15.70
18.06
18.58
16.04
19.89
17.56
18.16
15.37
18.65
19.28
16.40
20.71
18.19
18.57
16.11
18.51
19.20
16.27
20.50
18.06
18.94
16.07
706.28
739.23
612.65
805.18
647.15
660.66
552.64
695.31
720.90
603.10
789.63
647.96
670.10
534.88
710.57
746.14
626.48
822.19
662.12
679.66
525.19
697.83
735.36
610.13
797.45
644.74
687.52
535.13
24
241
242
2421
2426
243
2431
2434
2435
2436
244
245
2451
249
14.38
14.82
11.93
13.70
11.91
12.35
10.32
12.08
12.20
12.10
10.85
14.18
9.50
11.77
11.77
11.61
14.29
14.72
11.84
13.67
11.74
12.13
10.27
12.08
12.28
12.12
10.80
14.05
9.35
11.78
11.86
11.49
14.65
15.09
12.08
13.52
11.99
12.43
10.50
12.42
12.50
12.50
11.21
14.46
9.92
11.51
11.55
11.75
14.75
15.14
12.13
13.66
11.90
12.29
10.52
12.46
12.55
12.51
11.12
14.84
9.96
11.64
11.77
11.90
14.75
15.19
12.21
598.21
623.92
489.13
569.92
499.03
523.64
417.96
506.15
506.30
508.20
465.47
602.65
382.85
415.48
410.77
473.69
597.32
624.13
488.99
545.43
500.12
524.02
417.99
514.61
516.99
522.37
474.12
622.42
374.00
414.66
416.29
474.54
597.72
620.20
483.20
544.86
486.79
504.66
425.25
507.98
500.00
533.75
461.85
562.49
391.84
399.40
386.93
472.35
588.53
607.11
482.77
555.96
479.57
501.43
408.18
510.86
505.77
537.93
453.70
601.02
376.49
396.92
381.35
472.43
600.33
624.31
498.17
11.73
10.97
10.45
11.86
10.08
11.47
12.67
12.85
12.90
11.82
11.59
10.86
10.37
11.81
9.99
11.24
12.57
12.73
12.75
11.82
12.04
11.24
10.85
12.00
10.32
11.65
12.72
13.37
13.21
12.40
12.07
11.30
10.80
12.07
10.37
12.04
12.74
13.29
13.18
12.53
12.02
469.20
433.32
412.78
456.61
437.47
470.27
535.94
501.15
531.48
465.71
463.60
434.40
416.87
455.87
450.55
456.34
535.48
481.19
508.73
459.80
467.15
423.75
410.13
440.40
464.40
435.71
497.35
532.13
552.18
484.84
455.04
414.71
390.96
445.38
441.76
439.46
490.49
502.36
532.47
466.12
457.96
Crushed and broken stone
Construction
General building contractors
Residential building construction
Operative builders
Nonresidential building construction
Heavy construction, except building
Highway and street construction
Heavy construction, except highway
Special trade contractors
Plumbing, heating, and air conditioning
Painting and paper hanging
Electrical work
Masonry, stonework, and plastering
Carpentry and floor work
Roofing, siding, and sheet metal work
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Logging
Sawmills and planing mills
Sawmills and planing mills, general
Hardwood dimension and flooring mills ...
Millwork, plywood, and structural members
Millwork
Wood kitchen cabinets
Hardwood veneer and plywood
Softwood veneer and plywood
Wood containers
Wood buildings and mobile homes
Mobile homes
Miscellaneous wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Household furniture
Wood household furniture
Upholstered household furniture
Metal household furniture
Mattresses and bedsprings
Office furniture
Public building and related furniture
Partitions and fixtures
Miscellaneous furniture and fixtures
25
251
2511
2512
2514
2515
252
253
254
259
See footnotes at end of table.
123
18.20
733.46
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products
1987
SIC
Code
32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365
34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
Average weekly hours
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
43.1
41.5
42.6
44.4
41.6
41.9
46.1
40.0
41.7
44.8
43.8
43.6
45.3
41.7
40.9
43.2
41.6
42.8
43.9
42.2
41.8
44.5
40.6
42.2
44.8
44.8
42.6
46.0
42.4
42.4
42.7
39.1
43.1
43.2
43.1
41.5
47.3
39.9
41.3
44.5
42.7
42.5
46.0
39.6
38.8
42.7
40.5
41.5
45.1
39.7
40.9
46.9
40.0
40.3
45.4
41.2
41.7
48.5
39.2
37.1
44.9
46.0
46.9
44.9
45.4
45.5
48.0
46.1
44.8
44.3
44.1
43.3
37.8
45.5
43.0
43.5
45.3
46.4
47.2
45.8
45.6
45.6
48.6
46.7
44.6
44.2
44.7
43.5
37.5
46.4
43.1
43.0
43.2
44.2
44.9
43.8
43.4
44.0
38.9
44.7
44.9
43.8
42.3
40.3
40.0
41.8
40.9
41.7
42.6
46.5
46.5
42.1
43.2
41.3
41.8
41.0
40.6
43.0
44.2
41.6
42.7
43.8
41.4
41.3
40.2
42.4
44.0
42.1
46.2
40.6
40.7
40.7
40.7
41.2
42.0
42.0
41.2
39.6
42.8
47.1
46.8
42.2
43.9
41.0
42.0
41.6
39.6
43.0
45.1
41.9
42.4
43.5
41.7
41.6
40.1
43.3
44.4
42.3
46.9
41.0
40.9
41.2
40.4
41.5
41.5
42.4
41.9
40.7
41.6
44.4
45.1
40.6
42.5
39.4
41.9
40.2
41.6
42.1
41.6
40.0
44.7
42.3
39.9
39.4
40.1
38.6
42.9
41.9
44.9
39.2
40.4
39.5
41.7
40.7
41.9
41.4
37.7
37.9
See footnotes at end of table.
Average overtime hours
124
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
44.4
6.1
5.1
5.8
5.9
5.7
5.5
6.1
4.2
4.6
7.6
7.1
7.9
7.2
4.2
3.0
6.2
5.0
5.9
6.2
5.7
5.5
5.3
3.5
5.1
7.7
6.9
7.7
7.4
4.6
3.3
5.6
3.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
6.2
4.7
4.0
7.0
5.8
7.2
7.1
3.4
2.1
5.5
3.9
5.6
4.7
6.1
3.7
6.0
3.8
3.4
7.3
5.8
6.6
8.2
3.3
1.0
43.2
45.2
46.9
41.0
42.6
43.2
30.4
45.0
48.7
48.8
41.9
39.4
42.6
40.6
39.7
40.0
43.4
44.3
7.0
7.4
7.5
8.7
7.0
7.6
7.7
6.4
8.1
7.8
8.1
7.5
8.9
7.7
4.5
4.7
7.3
7.9
8.1
9.8
7.3
7.9
7.7
7.1
8.2
7.8
8.1
7.7
9.0
7.9
4.6
4.1
5.8
6.1
6.1
7.7
5.5
6.0
3.2
5.9
8.9
8.0
6.4
4.1
9.2
5.5
3.3
3.7
5.5
6.2
6.9
5.4
4.9
5.4
3.1
4.9
11.1
12.1
5.9
3.0
10.0
4.4
2.6
3.1
40.3
44.2
44.6
39.3
40.7
38.4
40.4
38.0
40.1
40.9
41.0
40.4
42.3
40.6
40.3
38.2
38.5
37.8
41.0
37.8
43.0
38.2
39.0
38.3
40.0
39.4
41.4
39.8
34.7
37.1
41.7
4.8
7.6
7.7
4.9
5.4
4.6
4.5
3.3
3.5
5.0
6.5
4.2
5.3
5.1
4.4
4.4
4.0
4.9
5.1
4.2
5.8
3.9
4.9
4.6
5.5
3.7
2.6
3.9
3.5
2.8
4.9
7.9
7.9
4.8
5.5
4.4
4.8
3.7
3.6
4.9
7.0
4.5
5.0
4.8
4.4
4.8
4.2
5.5
5.4
4.1
6.3
4.1
4.7
4.5
4.9
4.1
2.3
4.1
3.4
3.1
3.8
6.6
6.7
3.4
3.7
3.1
3.1
2.4
2.8
4.2
5.6
2.5
5.8
3.9
3.6
2.9
3.0
2.8
3.6
3.4
3.7
2.6
4.6
3.7
5.8
2.7
2.5
3.1
2.6
1.5
2.9
6.1
6.3
2.3
2.5
2.0
2.3
1.6
1.5
3.3
4.5
2.5
4.1
2.8
3.7
2.4
2.6
2.2
2.8
1.9
3.2
1.9
3.5
2.9
4.4
2.3
2.2
2.1
1.8
1.0
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
Durable goods—Continued
Stone, clay, and glass products
Flat glass
Glass and glassware, pressed or blown
Glass containers
Pressed and blown glass, nee
Products of purchased glass
Cement, hydraulic
Structural clay products
Pottery and related products
Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products
Concrete block and brick
Concrete products, nee
Ready-mixed concrete
Misc. nonmetallic mineral products
Abrasive products
32
321
322
3221
3229
323
324
325
326
327
3271
3272
3273
329
3291
$14.53
19.22
16.41
17.42
15.82
13.05
19.60
12.26
12.33
14.29
13.32
12.71
15.38
14.70
13.08
$14.45
19.11
16.49
17.37
15.97
12.92
19.51
12.26
12.35
14.16
12.87
12.66
15.21
14.62
12.80
$14.79
19.07
16.83
18.02
16.21
13.44
18.98
11.88
12.55
14.59
14.07
12.64
15.85
14.94
13.44
$14.98
19.93
17.21
18.57
16.40
13.37
19.51
11.92
12.83
14.74
14.34
12.63
15.97
15.17
13.28
$15.16
$626.24
797.63
699.07
773.45
658.11
546.80
903.56
490.40
514.16
640.19
583.42
554.16
696.71
612.99
534.97
$624.24
794.98
705.77
762.54
673.93
540.06
868.20
497.76
521.17
634.37
576.58
539.32
699.66
619.89
542.72
$631.53
745.64
725.37
778.46
698.65
557.76
897.75
474.01
518.32
649.26
600.79
537.20
729.10
591.62
521.47
$639.65
807.17
714.22
837.51
651.08
546.83
915.02
476.80
517.05
669.20
590.81
526.67
774.55
594.66
492.69
$673.10
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Blast furnaces and steel mills
Steel pipe and tubes
Iron and steel foundries
Gray and ductile iron foundries
Malleable iron foundries
Steel foundries, nee
Primary nonferrous metals
Primary aluminum
Nonferrous rolling and drawing
Copper rolling and drawing
Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil
Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating
Nonferrous foundries (castings)
Aluminum foundries
33
331
3312
3317
332
3321
3322
3325
333
3334
335
3351
3353
3357
336
3365
16.42
19.82
21.68
15.14
15.04
15.88
14.64
13.87
18.32
18.53
15.14
16.16
18.57
14.68
12.66
12.79
16.43
20.03
21.99
15.19
14.90
15.75
14.65
13.77
18.21
18.29
15.12
16.42
18.29
14.63
12.65
12.87
16.63
20.00
21.88
15.88
15.40
16.45
13.29
13.98
18.92
19.05
15.12
15.74
18.76
14.53
12.93
13.01
16.93
20.43
22.42
15.71
15.65
16.86
13.40
13.84
19.17
19.42
15.14
15.58
19.10
14.35
13.17
13.19
16.81
20.21
737.26
911.72
1,016.79
679.79
682.82
722.54
702.72
639.41
820.74
820.88
667.67
699.73
701.95
667.94
544.38
556.37
744.28
929.39
1,037.93
695.70
679.44
718.20
711.99
643.06
812.17
808.42
675.86
714.27
685.88
678.83
545.22
553.41
718.42
884.00
982.41
695.54
668.36
723.80
516.98
624.91
849.51
834.39
639.58
634.32
750.40
607.35
528.84
542.52
731.38
923.44
1,051.50
644.11
666.69
728.35
407.36
622.80
933.58
947.70
634.37
613.85
813.66
582.61
522.85
527.60
729.55
895.30
Fabricated metal products
Metal cans and shipping containers
Metal cans
Cutlery, handtools, and hardware
Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws
Hardware, nee
Plumbing and heating, except electric
Plumbing fixture fittings and trim
Heating equipment, except electric
Fabricated structural metal products
Fabricated structural metal
Metal doors, sash, and trim
Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)
Sheet metal work
Architectural metal work
Screw machine products, bolts, etc
Screw machine products
Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers
Metal forgings and stampings
Iron and steel forgings
Automotive stampings
Metal stampings, nee
Metal services, nee
Plating and polishing
Metal coating and allied services
Ordnance and accessories, nee
Ammunition, except for small arms, nee
Misc. fabricated metal products
Valves and pipe fittings, nee
Misc. fabricated wire products
34
341
3411
342
3423,5
3429
343
3432
3433
344
3441
3442
3443
3444
3446
345
3451
3452
346
3462
3465
3469
347
3471
13.87
16.78
17.92
12.82
12.71
13.18
12.41
11.94
12.87
13.23
13.46
11.39
14.44
13.63
13.11
14.13
13.34
14.94
16.31
15.26
18.33
13.59
12.21
11.87
12.74
15.59
17.15
13.46
13.66
12.31
13.79
16.80
17.90
12.75
12.75
13.00
12.30
11.89
12.73
13.11
13.40
11.27
14.24
13.61
12.84
14.11
13.32
14.92
16.30
15.24
18.28
13.56
11.96
11.68
12.39
15.40
17.18
13.39
14.05
12.12
14.08
17.09
18.31
13.26
13.25
13.69
12.65
12.03
13.16
13.59
13.70
11.77
15.22
13.59
13.37
14.37
13.68
15.19
16.25
15.59
18.22
13.70
12.55
11.94
13.39
15.32
17.34
13.61
14.14
12.41
14.10
17.24
18.50
13.33
13.39
13.65
12.61
12.11
13.14
13.53
13.57
11.78
15.08
13.67
13.38
14.28
13.68
14.97
16.44
15.74
18.58
13.67
12.58
12.05
13.32
15.50
17.56
13.58
14.63
12.07
14.17
590.86
780.27
833.28
539.72
549.07
544.33
518.74
489.54
522.52
568.89
594.93
473.82
616.59
596.99
542.75
583.57
536.27
633.46
717.64
642.45
846.85
551.75
496.95
483.11
518.52
642.31
720.30
565.32
562.79
487.48
590.21
791.28
837.72
538.05
559.73
533.00
516.60
494.62
504.11
563.73
604.34
472.21
603.78
592.04
535.43
586.98
534.13
646.04
723.72
644.65
857.33
555.96
489.16
481.22
500.56
639.10
712.97
567.74
588.70
493.28
585.73
758.80
825.78
538.36
563.13
539.39
530.04
483.61
547.46
572.14
569.92
470.80
680.33
574.86
533.46
566.18
548.57
586.33
697.13
653.22
818.08
537.04
507.02
471.63
558.36
623.52
726.55
563.45
533.08
470.34
568.23
762.01
825.10
523.87
544.97
524.16
509.44
460.18
526.91
553.38
556.37
475.91
637.88
555.00
539.21
545.50
526.68
565.87
674.04
594.97
798.94
522.19
490.62
461.52
532.80
610.70
726.98
540.48
507.66
447.80
590.89
3479
348
3483
349
3494
3496
See footnotes at end of table.
125
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee ..
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
42.3
42.7
46.2
41.6
41.4
40.7
43.0
42.9
40.0
46.0
43.2
41.1
41.9
43.2
42.9
41.9
40.0
41.2
42.6
39.8
39.5
43.1
41.3
40.5
40.4
43.7
40.4
40.6
44.4
40.5
40.9
41.3
44.2
48.9
42.5
41.2
40.4
42.1
39.8
42.3
47.3
43.4
38.3
41.1
42.3
38.3
41.7
40.2
37.6
41.1
38.2
38.3
42.9
41.0
40.8
40.6
46.7
40.6
36.9
42.5
39.2
38.7
39.9
41.1
46.9
39.1
39.1
38.3
41.0
38.7
40.7
46.8
41.7
37.5
39.6
40.3
37.3
39.5
39.1
37.5
39.9
37.4
36.9
42.4
39.4
39.5
38.3
45.2
38.3
34.9
41.6
38.3
37.8
40.9
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571
42.2
42.9
46.0
41.9
40.0
39.7
43.0
41.6
41.3
47.7
42.8
41.5
41.9
43.0
41.9
42.0
40.9
39.1
42.7
39.9
39.2
43.4
41.7
41.0
41.8
44.0
40.9
39.9
44.2
40.2
40.2
4.9
4.9
6.2
4.5
4.1
4.5
5.5
4.5
5.6
8.1
7.0
2.9
5.5
4.8
5.0
6.2
4.4
2.6
5.4
1.7
4.6
7.8
4.5
5.0
5.8
3.9
3.3
4.8
5.8
2.1
0.5
4.9
4.4
5.5
4.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.2
5.4
6.1
7.2
2.8
5.6
4.6
5.3
6.3
3.8
3.6
5.0
1.8
4.5
7.4
4.2
4.4
5.1
3.9
2.9
5.7
5.8
1.7
0.6
4.1
4.5
5.8
4.0
4.1
4.7
4.9
2.7
5.8
10.4
5.7
1.7
4.5
3.7
2.3
5.6
3.5
1.7
4.2
1.0
3.6
7.0
3.1
4.1
3.6
3.6
2.5
2.9
3.4
1.4
0.2
3.1
2.8
4.7
2.1
2.5
3.0
4.0
2.3
4.7
8.6
4.3
0.9
3.3
2.3
1.4
4.1
2.6
1.4
3.1
0.6
2.3
5.8
2.1
3.0
2.1
1.8
1.6
2.3
2.3
1.1
0.2
3575,8,9
358
3585
359
3592
3596,9
42.1
42.8
43.8
42.9
43.0
43.2
41.8
43.4
44.3
43.1
43.7
43.4
41.6
41.2
42.0
41.8
38.6
42.3
41.7
39.8
40.2
40.7
38.2
41.1
5.7
5.2
6.0
5.7
6.0
5.9
4.3
5.3
6.0
6.0
6.7
6.2
3.5
4.2
5.1
4.9
3.0
5.3
3.4
3.1
3.8
3.9
3.0
4.2
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
41.1
41.4
41.9
41.1
41.7
42.4
41.0
39.1
37.2
41.2
38.4
41.3
42.6
43.0
38.5
37.7
38.6
39.3
41.6
42.4
41.6
42.0
41.9
41.7
40.5
40.1
40.9
41.4
41.2
41.9
40.7
42.2
43.0
41.8
40.1
38.2
43.3
37.5
42.0
43.8
43.4
40.0
36.8
37.8
38.3
41.7
43.8
41.9
42.0
41.6
41.9
40.1
37.3
40.8
39.9
38.0
37.6
38.3
41.4
42.4
40.2
37.8
36.1
42.6
37.1
39.5
42.4
40.2
37.7
36.4
39.3
39.5
40.5
38.7
40.4
41.8
42.5
41.3
40.4
39.1
41.9
38.5
37.1
36.9
37.3
39.9
41.1
38.4
36.7
34.6
41.1
37.8
38.2
42.3
38.4
36.0
36.7
40.0
39.9
39.5
38.0
38.6
39.7
41.1
39.2
38.3
37.3
39.6
3.9
5.1
3.9
6.1
3.8
4.0
3.9
1.5
0.7
3.0
2.6
4.6
3.7
4.9
5.6
2.4
5.1
4.2
3.2
4.0
4.3
2.1
4.9
3.8
3.3
3.5
2.1
3.9
4.9
4.1
5.5
3.8
4.0
4.1
1.9
0.9
5.1
2.2
4.6
4.8
4.8
6.5
2.8
4.6
3.9
3.3
4.3
4.2
2.2
4.5
3.4
3.5
3.2
2.2
2.9
2.7
2.2
3.2
3.5
3.4
4.1
1.8
3.4
2.4
2.0
3.6
3.2
3.9
4.1
2.1
4.1
3.6
1.6
1.3
3.2
2.2
4.5
3.1
2.5
2.0
1.7
2.1
2.0
1.7
2.2
2.3
2.7
1.9
1.4
1.8
1.9
2.8
2.7
3.1
2.6
3.4
1.5
3.7
3.3
1.2
1.0
2.2
2.3
3.2
1.9
1.8
1.6
1.4
35
351
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
See footnotes at end of table.
Average overtime hours
126
38.9
May
2001P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
Industry
Durable goods—Continued
Industrial machinery and equipment
Engines and turbines
Turbines and turbine generator sets
Internal combustion engines, nee
Farm and garden machinery
Farm machinery and equipment
Construction and related machinery
Construction machinery
Mining machinery
Oil and gas field machinery
Conveyors and conveying equipment
Industrial trucks and tractors
Metalworking machinery
Machine tools, metal cutting types
Machine tools, metal forming types
Special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures
Machine tool accessories
Power driven handtools
Special industry machinery
Textile machinery
Printing trades machinery
Food products machinery
General industrial machinery
Pumps and pumping equipment
Ball and roller bearings
Air and gas compressors
Blowers and fans
Speed changers, drives, and gears
Power transmission equipment, nee
Computer and office equipment
Electronic computers
Computer terminals, calculators, and
office machines, nee
Refrigeration and service machinery
Refrigeration and heating equipment
Misc. industrial and commercial machinery
Carburetors, pistons, rings, valves
Scales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee .
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electric distribution equipment
Transformers, except electronic
Switchgear and switchboard apparatus
Electrical industrial apparatus
Motors and generators
Relays and industrial controls
Household appliances
Household refrigerators and freezers
Household laundry equipment
Electric housewares and fans
Electric lighting and wiring equipment
Electric lamps
Current-carrying wiring devices
Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices
Residential lighting fixtures
Household audio and video equipment
Household audio and video equipment
Communications equipment
Telephone and telegraph apparatus
Electronic components and accessories
Electron tubes
Semiconductors and related devices
Electronic components, nee
Misc. electrical equipment and supplies
Storage batteries
Engine electrical equipment
1987
SIC
Code
Average hourly earnings
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
$15.55
18.05
20.91
17.02
14.46
15.37
14.67
14.79
15.28
15.40
14.61
12.98
16.55
15.95
17.10
17.43
14.45
12.94
16.27
12.81
17.59
16.28
14.96
16.02
16.07
15.48
12.19
16.02
14.62
17.56
19.69
$15.45
17.85
20.45
16.99
14.29
15.33
14.59
14.75
15.34
15.38
14.38
12.88
16.49
15.86
17.19
17.31
14.63
12.88
16.14
12.54
17.60
16.16
14.91
15.87
16.24
15.28
12.20
15.87
14.54
17.44
19.73
$15.77
18.15
20.75
17.08
14.68
15.81
14.76
15.08
15.14
15.10
14.38
13.35
16.85
16.02
17.02
17.92
14.20
13.26
16.48
13.27
18.18
16.48
14.75
15.97
14.67
15.40
11.99
16.87
13.76
17.87
19.58
$15.75
18.02
20.47
16.98
14.90
16.02
14.63
14.84
14.89
14.86
14.28
13.53
16.86
15.74
17.05
18.01
14.23
13.34
16.34
13.04
18.12
16.17
14.82
15.73
15.16
15.25
12.02
17.02
13.83
18.10
19.85
$15.79
$656.21
774.35
961.86
713.14
578.40
610.19
630.81
615.26
631.06
734.58
625.31
538.67
693.45
685.85
716.49
732.06
591.01
505.95
694.73
511.12
689.53
706.55
623.83
656.82
671.73
681.12
498.57
639.20
646.20
705.91
791.54
$653.54
762.20
944.79
706.78
591.61
623.93
627.37
632.78
613.60
707.48
621.22
529.37
690.93
685.15
737.45
725.29
585.20
530.66
687.56
499.09
695.20
696.50
615.78
642.74
656.10
667.74
492.88
644.32
645.58
706.32
806.96
$651.30
802.23
1,014.68
725.90
604.82
638.72
621.40
600.18
640.42
714.23
624.09
511.31
692.54
677.65
651.87
747.26
570.84
498.58
677.33
506.91
696.29
706.99
604.75
651.58
595.60
719.18
486.79
622.50
584.80
700.50
757.75
$628.43
740.62
960.04
663.92
582.59
613.57
599.83
574.31
606.02
695.45
595.48
507.38
667.66
634.32
635.97
711.40
556.39
500.25
651.97
487.70
668.63
685.61
583.91
621.34
580.63
689.30
460.37
594.00
575.33
693.23
750.33
$645.81
3592
3596,9
14.90
13.90
14.01
15.03
15.40
14.97
14.73
13.78
13.87
14.96
15.28
14.89
15.57
14.03
14.18
15.53
15.48
15.52
15.93
14.13
14.30
15.36
15.69
15.32
627.29
594.92
613.64
644.79
662.20
646.70
615.71
598.05
614.44
644.78
667.74
646.23
647.71
578.04
595.56
649.15
597.53
656.50
664.28
562.37
574.86
625.15
599.36
629.65
36
361
3612
3613
362
3621
3625
363
3632
3633
3634
364
3641
3643
3644
3645
365
3651
366
3661
367
3671
3674
3679
369
3691
3694
13.80
13.69
12.53
14.65
13.38
12.44
15.19
13.01
14.93
12.71
12.29
13.41
18.23
13.64
12.32
10.51
13.16
12.61
14.33
14.56
14.25
14.34
19.38
11.82
13.34
15.02
12.85
13.69
13.58
12.50
14.48
13.21
12.14
15.12
13.16
14.98
13.18
12.25
13.23
18.22
13.47
12.31
10.25
13.52
12.77
14.45
14.80
13.99
14.42
19.00
11.55
13.36
15.02
12.89
14.26
14.54
13.14
15.65
13.94
13.01
15.94
13.22
15.60
12.51
12.49
13.88
18.22
14.06
12.47
12.02
13.13
12.62
14.76
15.26
14.85
15.04
19.96
12.39
13.28
15.25
12.36
14.38
14.34
12.85
15.55
14.02
13.20
15.85
13.08
15.22
12.01
12.72
13.93
18.32
14.14
12.67
12.41
13.00
12.61
14.98
15.56
15.18
15.56
19.95
12.85
13.30
15.50
12.35
567.18
566.77
525.01
602.12
557.95
527.46
622.79
508.69
555.40
523.65
471.94
553.83
776.60
586.52
474.32
396.23
507.98
495.57
596.13
617.34
592.80
602.28
812.02
492.89
540.27
602.30
525.57
566.77
559.50
523.75
589.34
557.46
522.02
632.02
527.72
572.24
570.69
459.38
555.66
798.04
584.60
492.40
377.20
511.06
489.09
602.57
648.24
586.18
605.64
790.40
483.95
535.74
560.25
525.91
568.97
552.52
494.06
599.40
577.12
551.62
640.79
499.72
563.16
532.93
463.38
548.26
772.53
565.21
470.12
437.53
516.01
498.49
597.78
590.56
599.94
628.67
848.30
511.71
536.51
596.28
517.88
553.63
532.01
474.17
580.02
559.40
542.52
608.64
480.04
526.61
493.61
480.82
532.13
774.94
542.98
456.12
455.45
520.00
503.14
591.71
591.28
585.95
617.73
819.95
503.72
509.39
578.15
489.06
35
351
3511
3519
352
3523
353
3531
3532
3533
3535
3537
354
3541
3542
3544
3545
3546
355
3552
3555
3556
356
3561
3562
3563
3564
3566
3568
357
3571
3575,8,9
358
3585
359
See footnotes at end of table.
Average weekly earnings
Avg.
2000
127
14.33
557.44
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hour 3 and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Average overtime hours
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
43.9
45.2
44.4
44.8
46.1
44.3
42.8
42.2
44.1
42.8
39.2
38.2
40.4
41.4
40.0
39.0
41.8
42.1
42.1
42.5
42.9
43.3
42.3
42.9
43.9
42.9
45.9
43.8
38.5
40.0
36.9
40.3
41.8
41,1
39.0
37.4
40.7
41.3
42.5
43.1
40.6
42.2
42.0
41.4
43.6
41.6
36.2
37.0
35.2
37.8
40.7
40.3
39.3
37.9
42.6
43.7
379
3792
43.4
44.4
44.2
44.4
44.9
43.3
43.5
42.9
44.5
43.6
38.9
38.7
39.1
41.8
40.8
39.8
40.3
39.5
4.9
5.4
5.4
5.5
5.6
2.8
4.8
4.6
6.0
4.4
3.8
4.3
3.2
3.7
5.7
8.1
2.2
1.6
5.0
5.6
4.9
5.9
6.3
3.4
4.4
4.2
5.5
4.0
3.9
3.9
3.8
2.9
5.1
7.4
2.6
1.9
4.3
4.1
5.6
3.7
3.6
2.0
5.3
4.9
7.1
4.8
4.1
5.9
2.1
3.8
5.6
8.1
1.8
1.1
3.5
3.5
4.8
2.9
3.0
2.0
4.1
3.7
5.2
3.9
3.0
4.1
1.7
2.0
4.5
6.8
1.5
1.0
Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instrument
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
3841
3842
385
386
387
41.3
39.6
41.9
42.9
40.1
41.9
41.0
42.1
40.6
42.7
42.3
35.6
41.5
39.6
42.2
44.7
40.3
42.6
41.1
42.1
40.9
42.6
42.7
33.2
41.1
39.0
41.4
40.8
40.3
40.6
41.3
43.8
39.3
45.6
38.8
36.2
40.2
38.8
40.5
37.2
40.1
41.3
40.1
42.0
38.2
45.2
38.1
33.3
40.8
3.4
3.7
3.5
3.7
2.9
4.0
3.5
3.9
3.8
1.6
4.0
1.8
3.2
3.3
3.5
4.0
3.0
3.8
3.1
3.1
3.5
1.5
4.1
1.8
3.2
3.2
2.8
2.2
2.7
2.8
3.5
4.6
3.1
2.4
3.7
1.2
2.4
2.7
2.3
1.8
1.8
2.2
2.4
3.1
2.0
2.4
3.1
0.3
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties
39
39.0
37.4
36.3
39.1
40.5
40.1
40.6
37.9
38.4
39.1
38.8
40.5
39.4
37.6
36.5
39.8
41.4
39.8
42.0
38.0
39.1
40.8
38.9
40.3
38.3
35.8
34.6
41.1
38.9
36.7
39.6
39.0
35.7
35.9
38.5
41.2
37.4
35.3
34.0
39.7
37.7
34.4
38.8
38.8
34.3
33.0
37.6
39.9
38.1
2.3
2.3
2.4
1.6
2.7
2.4
2.8
1.8
1.3
0.2
2.4
2.9
2.6
2.3
2.4
1.5
3.4
2.4
3.7
2.1
1.5
1.0
2.5
3.2
1.9
1.5
1.5
1.4
2.1
1.4
2.3
2.6
0.4
0.0
1.9
2.5
1.4
1.1
1.1
0.9
1.7
1.0
1.9
1.2
0.3
0.0
1.5
1.9
40.8
40.9
40.2
39.6
40.1
4.4
4.3
3.9
3.4
41.7
41.6
44.4
44.1
39.2
42.6
44.0
42.8
41.8
40.7
44.1
41.9
45.5
47.6
41.6
41.4
41.4
44.0
44.2
39.0
42.9
44.5
42.6
40.8
39.2
42.2
41.4
44.1
47.3
41.1
40.5
40.1
42.4
41.3
38.4
41.4
43.0
41.7
40.2
35.6
42.1
43.3
43.4
46.2
38.9
40.0
39.7
42.7
40.9
37.7
42.1
44.6
42.2
39.0
39.0
40.3
41.5
42.0
45.6
38.6
40.6
5.4
5.1
6.4
6.6
3.8
4.7
4.0
5.6
6.7
4.3
10.1
5.8
7.0
9.2
6.4
5.0
4.7
5.8
6.2
3.5
4.9
5.0
5.4
5.2
2.6
7.2
5.5
5.9
8.3
5.8
4.7
3.8
4.7
5.2
2.9
4.4
3.4
5.4
5.1
2.2
7.2
5.2
5.4
7.9
4.6
4.1
3.8
5.1
4.8
2.7
4.7
3.6
5.9
4.3
2.3
5.8
4.6
4.6
7.3
4.7
Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts .
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
See footnotes at end of table.
128
May
2001P
3.8
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
Avg.
2000
37
371
3711
3713
3714
3715
372
3721
3724
3728
373
3731
3732
374
376
3761
379
3792
$18.45
18.79
22.91
16.25
17.41
12.16
20.48
23.14
20.17
17.76
14.32
15.89
12.66
17.08
20.76
21.98
12.63
12.75
$18.23
18.60
22.46
15.92
17.43
12.29
20.16
22.72
19.95
17.55
14.33
15.82
12.74
16.61
20.52
21.84
12.52
12.76
$18.76
19.02
23.68
16.71
17.16
12.20
20.91
23.89
20.61
18.06
14.70
16.41
12.68
18.01
21.48
22.56
12.96
12.70
$18.77
19.14
23.85
16.55
17.20
12.18
20.74
23.50
20.29
18.16
14.70
16.38
12.71
17.57
20.93
22.02
12.81
12.61
$18.85
19.21
$800.73
834.28
1,012.62
721.50
781.71
526.53
890.88
992.71
897.57
774.34
557.05
614.94
495.01
713.94
847.01
874.80
508.99
503.63
Instruments and related products
Search and navigation equipment
Measuring and controlling devices
Environmental controls
Process control instruments
Instruments to measure electricity
Medical instruments and supplies
Surgical and medical instrument
Surgical appliances and supplies
Ophthalmic goods
Photographic equipment and supplies
Watches, clocks, watchcases, and parts
38
381
382
3822
3823
3825
384
14.35
18.19
14.44
11.55
15.01
16.79
13.14
12.30
12.92
10.74
18.60
12.27
14.73
18.84
14.78
11.75
15.20
17.57
13.76
12.56
13.70
11.43
18.08
10.33
14.80
18.69
14.92
11.92
15.17
17.94
13.77
12.67
13.72
11.34
18.46
10.44
14.85
3841
3842
385
386
387
14.43
18.39
14.54
11.58
15.13
17.01
13.27
12.43
13.07
10.88
18.24
11.90
595.96
728.24
609.23
496.78
606.71
712.72
544.07
523.30
530.64
464.58
771.55
423.64
595.53
720.32
609.37
516.29
604.90
715.25
540.05
517.83
528.43
457.52
794.22
407.36
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware
Jewelry, precious metal
Musical instruments
Toys and sporting goods
Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehicles
Sporting and athletic goods, nee
Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies
Costume jewelry and notions
Costume jewelry
Miscellaneous manufactures
Signs and advertising specialties
39
391
3911
393
394
3942,4
3949
395
396
3961
399
3993
11.63
12.19
12.11
11.25
11.47
11.44
11.49
11.57
10.25
9.26
11.78
12.96
11.56
11.94
11.74
11.12
11.42
11.23
11.48
11.60
10.41
9.58
11.72
12.59
12.05
12.63
12.66
11.15
12.06
12.04
12.07
12.24
10.24
9.04
12.17
13.51
12.06
12.53
12.51
11.13
12.15
12.18
12.14
12.08
10.29
9.23
12.19
13.46
12.12
453.57
455.91
439.59
439.88
464.54
458.74
466.49
438.50
393.60
362.07
457.06
524.88
13.69
13.60
13.97
14.13
14.07
12.50
10.38
10.94
11.80
9.45
14.36
12.74
15.23
11.93
16.16
12.62
11.15
15.13
13.63
12.67
12.44
10.23
10.70
11.70
9.33
14.22
12.86
15.00
11.97
15.81
12.98
11.10
15.09
13.32
12.56
12.68
10.52
11.17
12.14
9.51
14.75
13.18
15.64
12.03
15.40
13.22
11.84
15.08
13.77
13.18
12.81
10.55
11.14
12.24
9.55
14.81
13.15
15.76
12.22
16.72
13.12
11.61
15.06
13.46
13.10
12.80
Durable goods—Continued
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Motor vehicles and car bodies
Truck and bus bodies
Motor vehicle parts and accessories
Truck trailers
Aircraft and parts
Aircraft
Aircraft engines and engine parts
Aircraft parts and equipment, nee
Ship and boat building and repairing
Ship building and repairing
Boat building and repairing
Railroad equipment
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts .
Guided missiles and space vehicles
Misc. transportation equipment
Travel trailers and campers
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Sausages and other prepared meats
Poultry slaughtering and processing
Dairy products
Cheese, natural and processed
Fluid milk
Preserved fruits and vegetables
Canned specialties
Canned fruits and vegetables
Frozen fruits and vegetables
Grain mill products
Flour and other grain mill products
Prepared feeds, nee
20
201
2011
2013
2015
202
2022
2026
203
2032
2033
2037
204
2041
2048
See footnotes at end of table.
129
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
$800.30 $789.80 $763.94
790.48
808.35
840.72
997.22 1,015.87 1,013.63
713.31
723.54
713.22
698.32
725.87
803.52
514.00
523.38
544.45
871.08
917.95
862.85
972.90
958.78 1,024.88
884.64
946.00
879.80
755.46
791.03
751.14
532.14
565.95
561.74
606.06
656.40
604.32
447.39
467.89
514.70
664.15
725.80
687.65
851.85
897.86
820.80
887.41
927.22
851.76
503.43
505.44
523.34
477.92
474.98
537.20
$803.01
839.48
605.40
734.76
611.89
479.40
612.56
713.34
568.29
550.13
538.41
521.21
701.50
373.95
594.96
725.17
604.26
443.42
608.32
740.92
552.18
532.14
524.10
512.57
703.33
347.65
605.88
455.46
448.94
428.51
442.58
472.79
446.95
482.16
440.80
407.03
390.86
455.91
507.38
461.52
452.15
438.04
458.27
469.13
441.87
477.97
477.36
365.57
324.54
468.55
556.61
451.04
442.31
425.34
441.86
458.06
418.99
471.03
468.70
352.95
304.59
458.34
537.05
461.77
558.55
556.24
561.59
559.55
564.21
521.25
431.81
485.74
520.38
370.44
611.74
560.56
651.84
498.67
657.71
556.54
467.19
688.42
648.79
527.07
515.02
423.52
470.80
517.14
363.87
610.04
572.27
639.00
488.38
619.75
547.76
459.54
665.47
630.04
516.22
513.54
421.85
473.61
501.38
365.18
610.65
566.74
652.19
483.61
548.24
556.56
512.67
654.47
636.17
512.70
512.40
418.84
475.68
500.62
360.04
623.50
586.49
665.07
476.58
652.08
528.74
481.82
632.52
613.78
505.66
519.68
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
205
2051
40.1
39.9
40.3
40.5
39.5
39.1
2052,3
206
2061,2
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209
40.5
42.4
50.3
42.0
42.2
40.1
45.1
47.6
45.0
37.9
39.9
41.1
46.1
41.6
41.8
40.9
45.6
49.4
46.0
38.1
Tobacco products
Cigarettes
21
211
40.7
44.1
Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Fur goods and misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw sugar
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
Paperboard mills
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
39.4
39.8
4.6
4.7
4.8
5.1
4.0
4.0
3.4
3.9
40.3
43.6
56.4
41.2
42.2
41.0
43.4
44.7
44.0
37.2
38.8
42.1
52.6
42.3
41.1
39.6
44.4
46.7
44.7
35.6
4.4
5.0
8.7
3.9
4.9
5.5
6.0
8.5
6.0
5.0
4.4
4.0
7.8
3.9
3.8
6.7
5.9
9.3
6.3
4.6
4.0
5.1
9.1
3.7
5.1
3.6
4.9
6.0
5.4
7.1
2.6
3.9
6.5
4.6
3.6
3.7
5.1
7.3
5.5
4.8
40.3
44.1
39.5
42.7
39.2
42.6
40.1
4.1
5.3
3.5
4.6
3.3
4.2
3.2
4.1
41.2
41.9
41.6
41.2
41.8
38.6
37.5
37.3
39.6
37.9
42.0
44.0
41.3
43.4
41.8
41.5
42.0
41.2
41.9
42.8
41.4
43.1
40.9
39.0
36.7
38.1
39.1
39.9
42.9
44.9
42.2
44.7
42.7
42.5
42.4
42.0
40.5
40.2
37.9
45.1
42.9
39.1
37.8
36.5
41.4
36.6
40.8
44.1
38.4
43.7
40.5
40.0
42.0
40.1
39.3
37.7
36.8
44.9
42.6
38.1
37.0
34.9
40.8
35.8
40.4
42.5
41.1
41.8
39.2
39.1
40.6
39.6
40.8
4.2
4.9
4.6
3.3
2.8
3.6
2.9
3.0
3.9
4.0
4.7
4.8
4.5
4.2
4.7
5.1
3.6
3.6
4.5
5.7
4.6
3.5
2.7
3.7
2.4
3.3
3.4
5.4
5.5
5.8
4.9
4.8
5.1
5.3
4.2
3.6
3.5
3.7
2.9
1.9
2.8
3.7
1.8
2.5
4.6
3.1
4.4
5.1
2.5
3.6
3.5
4.0
2.0
3.4
2.8
3.0
2.3
2.5
2.2
2.9
0.9
1.7
4.4
3.0
3.1
3.4
2.5
2.8
3.1
3.6
1.8
2.6
23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
237,8
239
2391
2392
2396
37.8
37.2
37.2
33.9
35.4
40.2
37.0
30.5
40.8
37.2
36.8
33.7
34.9
30.9
38.9
39.5
36.7
39.4
37.4
39.2
43.1
38.0
36.4
36.9
33.9
35.0
39.0
37.5
30.9
40.5
37.4
37.6
33.4
34.0
31.8
38.0
39.6
37.2
39.8
37.9
39.5
43.1
37.6
35.4
37.6
34.1
34.5
40.6
37.5
30.5
42.8
37.2
37.2
32.8
32.5
33.4
37.8
38.2
35.7
38.5
38.3
37.8
41.8
36.7
32.8
36.1
32.8
33.9
36.9
37.2
30.3
41.9
34.5
37.3
31.9
32.0
31.7
37.5
35.8
34.6
37.8
36.3
36.8
41.9
37.9
2.3
0.6
2.1
0.7
1.6
5.6
1.1
1.9
1.9
0.8
0.8
1.3
1.3
1.4
3.2
3.3
4.1
3.4
2.6
2.9
4.5
2.2
0.5
1.6
0.9
1.3
3.9
1.2
1.9
2.3
0.2
1.0
0.9
0.8
1.2
3.3
4.2
3.9
3.6
2.5
3.2
4.5
2.0
0.3
2.3
0.4
1.0
6.7
1.0
2.5
2.2
0.8
0.6
1.1
1.4
0.4
1.1
0.4
3.6
2.7
2.0
2.1
4.2
1.5
0.2
1.5
0.3
0.5
4.5
0.8
1.5
1.6
0.9
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.7
0.4
2.0
2.5
1.2
1.4
4.3
26
262
263
42.5
43.8
41.9
42.4
44.1
41.2
41.5
42.7
42.8
41.2
43.5
39.7
41.3
5.6
6.4
7.3
5.4
6.5
6.7
4.7
5.4
6.9
4.2
6.2
5.4
See footnotes at end of table.
Average overtime hours
130
May
2001P
May
2001P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average hourly earnings
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
$13.63
13.74
$13.63
13.64
$14.00
14.09
2052,3
206
2061,2
2063
2064
207
208
2082
2086
209
13.44
14.33
14.94
15.90
13.81
13.42
17.01
24.49
14.45
11.18
13.62
14.24
15.13
16.26
13.57
13.45
17.05
24.70
14.51
11.16
Tobacco products
Cigarettes
21
211
21.57
25.93
Textile mill products
Broadwoven fabric mills, cotton
Broadwoven fabric mills, synthetics
Broadwoven fabric mills, wool
Narrow fabric mills
Knitting mills
Women's hosiery, except socks
Hosiery, nee
Knit outerwear mills
Weft knit fabric mills
Textile finishing, except wool
Finishing plants, cotton
Finishing plants, synthetics
Carpets and rugs
Yarn and thread mills
Yarn spinning mills
Throwing and winding mills
Miscellaneous textile goods
22
221
222
223
224
225
2251
2252
2253
2257
226
2261
2262
227
228
2281
2282
229
Apparel and other textile products
Men's and boys' suits and coats
Men's and boys' furnishings
Men's and boys' shirts
Men's and boys' trousers and slacks
Men's and boys' work clothing
Women's and misses' outerwear
Women's and misses' blouses and shirts
Women's, juniors', and misses' dresses
Women's and misses' suits and coats
Women's and misses' outerwear, nee
Women's and children's undergarments
Women's and children's underwear
Brassieres, girdles, and allied garments
Girls' and children's outerwear
Girls' and children's dresses and blouses
Fur goods and misc. apparel and accessories
Misc. fabricated textile products
Curtains and draperies
House furnishings, nee
Automotive and apparel trimmings
Paper and allied products
Paper mills
Nondurable goods—Continued
Food and kindred products—Continued
Bakery products
Bread, cake, and related products
Cookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,
except bread
Sugar and confectionery products
Raw sugar
Beet sugar
Candy and other confectionery products
Fats and oils
Beverages
Malt beverages
Bottled and canned soft drinks
Misc. food and kindred products
Paperboard mills
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
$13.98
14.07
$546.56
548.23
$549.29
552.42
$553.00
550.92
$550.81
559.99
13.86
14.98
15.05
16.88
14.55
12.36
17.12
24.59
14.56
11.45
13.80
15.29
15.04
17.75
14.95
12.47
17.76
25.00
15.45
11.75
544.32
607.59
751.48
667.80
582.78
538.14
767.15
1,165.72
650.25
423.72
535.44
543.44
558.56
643.71
585.26
653.13
791.10
697.49
848.82
750.83
676.42
695.46
614.45
567.23
614.01
493.81
550.11
506.76
788.54
777.48
743.01
1,220.18 1,099.17 1,167.50
690.62
667.46
640.64
418.30
425.20
425.94
21.00
25.56
22.63
26.02
22.50
25.74
$22.34
877.90
1,143.51
846.30
893.89
882.00
1,127.20 1,111.05 1,096.52
11.16
11.51
12.12
11.77
10.46
10.47
9.17
10.27
10.68
10.93
10.96
10.82
11.55
11.16
10.63
10.65
10.42
12.56
11.12
11.44
11.99
11.53
10.28
10.50
9.13
10.28
10.62
11.09
10.98
10.89
11.44
11.16
10.62
10.59
10.61
12.41
11.31
11.45
12.26
12.01
10.87
10.80
9.17
10.51
11.31
11.08
11.20
10.76
12.17
11.23
10.62
10.64
10.34
12.80
11.31
11.60
12.41
12.24
10.85
10.78
9.07
10.60
11.20
11.03
11.32
10.85
12.34
10.90
10.70
10.71
10.47
12.64
11.37
459.79
482.27
504.19
484.92
437.23
404.14
343.88
383.07
422.93
414.25
460.32
476.08
477.02
484.34
444.33
441.98
437.64
517.47
465.93
489.63
496.39
496.94
420.45
409.50
335.07
391.67
415.24
442.49
471.04
488.96
482.77
498.85
453.47
450.08
449.86
521.22
458.06
460.29
464.65
541.65
466.32
422.28
346.63
383.62
468.23
405.53
456.96
474.52
467.33
490.75
430.11
425.60
434.28
513.28
444.48
437.32
456.69
549.58
462.21
410.72
335.59
369.94
456.96
394.87
457.33
461.13
507.17
455.62
419.44
418.76
425.08
500.54
463.90
23
231
232
2321
2325
2326
233
2331
2335
2337
2339
234
2341
2342
236
2361
237,8
239
2391
2392
2396
9.30
9.05
8.41
8.58
8.82
8.09
8.63
8.45
10.36
8.83
8.19
8.79
8.52
9.49
8.22
8.21
8.74
10.55
8.17
9.54
13.00
9.29
9.15
8.35
8.63
8.77
7.99
8.70
8.51
10.62
8.76
8.26
8.76
8.52
9.34
8.31
8.29
8.65
10.53
8.10
9.47
13.15
9.46
9.34
8.54
8.78
8.89
8.39
8.75
8.94
10.10
8.72
8.41
9.20
8.91
9.91
8.61
8.98
8.94
10.68
8.68
9.56
13.07
9.44
9.47
8.59
8.88
8.76
8.49
8.75
8.90
10.03
8.81
8.43
8.77
8.51
9.46
8.55
9.02
8.64
9.46
353.02
333.06
308.12
292.56
306.95
311.61
326.25
262.96
430.11
327.62
310.58
292.58
289.68
297.01
315.78
328.28
321.78
419.09
306.99
374.07
566.77
355.70
330.64
321.10
299.40
306.71
340.63
328.13
272.67
432.28
324.38
312.85
301.76
289.58
330.99
325.46
343.04
319.16
411.18
332.44
361.37
546.33
346.45
310.62
310.10
291.26
296.96
313.28
325.50
269.67
420.26
303.95
314.44
279.76
272.32
299.88
320.63
322.92
298.94
401.44
308.55
351.07
535.90
358.53
12.79
351.54
336.66
312.85
290.86
312.23
325.22
319.31
257.73
422.69
328.48
301.39
296.22
297.35
293.24
319.76
324.30
320.76
415.67
305.56
373.97
560.30
26
262
263
16.25
21.03
20.62
16.15
20.88
20.64
16.56
21.16
20.77
16.76
21.46
21.12
16.70
690.63
921.11
863.98
684.76
920.81
850.37
687.24
903.53
888.96
690.51
933.51
838.46
689.71
205
2051
See footnotes at end of table.
Average weekly earnings
131
May
2001P
10.62
8.50
9.54
May
2001P
$895.83
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677
43.1
43.1
41.7
43.0
41.2
43.2
38.5
39.4
43.1
43.2
42.2
42.7
40.8
43.2
38.5
38.9
41.3
40.3
41.6
42.6
40.7
43.5
37.3
40.0
40.5
39.8
39.9
41.3
40.4
43.3
37.7
39.4
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279
38.3
33.7
37.7
40.3
38.4
42.1
34.7
39.8
39.7
39.7
39.7
39.7
39.7
38.4
34.3
37.6
39.6
38.2
40.8
36.1
39.8
39.7
40.0
39.4
40.1
40.5
38.5
33.1
38.0
40.1
39.2
40.8
33.9
40.6
40.6
40.3
38.9
39.4
40.9
37.5
32.8
37.3
40.8
39.9
41.6
33.8
38.9
38.8
38.9
38.4
38.4
39.6
42.5
41.4
44.7
42.3
42.9
41.9
43.0
43.1
40.2
41.9
36.9
41.0
42.6
44.7
43.2
45.0
43.1
43.5
42.8
41.4
44.1
42.4
42.6
42.3
43.2
43.7
40.4
40.8
39.5
40.6
45.1
44.8
43.3
45.1
43.9
44.1
42.2
40.1
42.4
41.8
42.9
40.6
43.3
43.2
40.5
42.8
35.3
42.1
39.8
44.8
39.8
45.7
42.2
43.3
28
Chemicals and allied products
281
Industrial inorganic chemicals
2819
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
282
Plastics materials and synthetics
2821
Plastics materials and resins
2824
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
283
Drugs
2834
Pharmaceutical preparations
284
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
2841
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations .. 2842,3
2844
Toilet preparations
285
Paints and allied products
286
Industrial organic chemicals
2865
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
2861,9
Other Industrial organic chemicals
287
Agricultural chemicals
289
Miscellaneous chemical products
Average overtime hours
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
5.2
5.4
4.9
4.9
5.0
3.3
7.1
4.1
5.3
5.5
5.1
4.8
4.5
3.5
6.7
3.3
3.8
3.7
4.5
4.2
4.5
2.9
7.7
4.4
3.1
3.0
3.8
3.3
3.8
2.5
6.7
3.0
37.7
3.4
1.9
5.5
3.2
1.4
4.7
2.8
3.9
3.6
4.7
2.8
3.3
4.0
3.3
2.0
4.4
2.9
1.7
4.0
2.9
3.9
3.5
4.7
2.3
3.1
5.1
3.3
1.5
5.3
2.8
1.1
4.2
1.7
4.1
3.7
5.0
1.8
3.4
5.7
2.5
1.4
3.4
3.2
0.9
5.2
1.6
2.9
2.6
3.5
1.6
2.0
4.9
42.4
41.2
43.7
42.4
42.9
41.9
43.7
43.4
39.2
42.0
35.6
39.7
39.0
45.8
40.7
46.7
43.1
43.2
41.8
4.9
5.1
5.8
5.1
4.7
5.5
4.8
4.4
4.3
4.7
3.6
4.4
5.6
5.8
4.7
6.0
4.6
4.6
4.7
5.1
5.3
4.9
4.2
5.9
4.0
3.6
4.2
4.1
4.7
4.0
6.4
5.9
5.2
6.0
4.5
4.9
4.7
3.9
4.4
4.9
4.7
5.1
5.3
4.9
3.9
4.6
3.0
4.0
4.9
5.9
2.7
6.5
5.5
3.6
4.4
4.3
4.7
5.0
4.7
5.7
4.4
3.8
2.8
4.3
2.4
2.3
3.6
5.9
4.9
6.1
5.3
4.1
May
2001P
Apr.
2001P
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials
29
291
295
42.4
42.2
42.3
43.6
44.4
41.9
42.9
42.8
41.8
43.9
44.4
42.5
42.2
6.1
6.0
6.7
6.5
6.5
6.6
6.3
7.1
4.3
7.2
8.0
6.2
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee
30
301
302
305
3052
306
308
41.4
44.5
45.4
42.1
41.9
41.2
40.9
41.6
44.9
44.6
43.1
43.8
41.7
41.1
40.8
44.2
41.2
41.2
40.4
39.5
40.5
39.6
42.4
43.0
40.2
39.3
38.5
39.4
40.8
4.1
6.5
2.3
4.3
4.4
4.0
3.9
4.2
6.4
2.1
4.9
5.3
4.2
3.9
3.6
5.2
0.4
4.0
3.7
2.7
3.5
2.9
3.9
0.4
3.4
2.9
2.2
2.8
37.5
43.6
38.2
34.2
43.8
30.8
36.8
37.9
45.3
38.6
35.0
42.5
29.9
36.8
35.9
42.3
36.8
32.0
45.5
29.6
30.9
35.7
42.6
37.0
32.1
46.1
26.8
31.4
37.0
2.3
6.1
2.1
1.7
0.9
0.4
1.6
2.6
7.6
2.0
1.9
0.9
0.1
1.5
1.3
4.0
0.7
0.4
0.2
0.1
1.6
1.1
3.2
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.2
1.2
32.8
33.0
32.5
32.8
32.6
38.6
38.8
38.0
38.3
38.1
31
Leather and leather products
311
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber, and footwear cut stock ... 313,4
3143
Men's footwear, except athletic
3144
Women's footwear, except athletic
316
Luggage
317
Handbags and personal leather goods
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
See footnotes at end of table.
132
May
2001P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
Industry
Nondurable goods—Continued
Paper and allied products—Continued
Paperboard containers and boxes
Corrugated and solid fiber boxes
Sanitary food containers
Folding paperboard boxes
Misc. converted paper products
Paper, coated and laminated, nee
Bags: plastics, laminated, and coated
Envelopes
Printing and publishing
Newspapers
Periodicals
Books
Book publishing
Book printing
Miscellaneous publishing
Commercial printing
Commercial printing, lithographic
Commercial printing, nee
Manifold business forms
Blankbooks and bookbinding
Printing trade services
1987
SIC
Code
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
$601.68
598.66
592.97
640.70
578.45
743.47
485.87
498.41
$597.80
594.86
601.35
635.38
566.30
740.88
476.63
484.69
$590.18
571.86
592.38
656.04
587.30
763.86
498.33
513.60
$581.58
567.55
591.32
632.30
582.97
764.68
509.70
497.62
$14.79
551.52
465.40
590.01
579.11
545.66
610.03
501.07
587.85
595.90
562.15
595.10
431.94
657.04
549.12
474.03
593.70
556.38
529.45
579.77
520.56
581.48
588.75
563.60
592.18
438.69
666.63
565.57
460.42
608.00
605.11
585.26
620.98
495.96
612.25
619.56
585.16
557.05
439.70
709.62
553.50
458.54
601.28
615.67
587.33
640.22
510.04
587.00
590.92
570.27
557.57
436.22
684.68
$557.58
18.60
19.99
21.19
19.38
21.75
16.86
18.38
17.97
16.08
20.30
13.84
14.91
15.87
21.97
23.13
21.79
19.34
16.92
18.64
771.38
800.26
913.22
801.59
916.77
676.27
773.14
756.84
639.58
849.31
541.32
583.43
645.39
974.91
976.32
974.70
807.26
706.88
769.54
795.71
888.62
797.54
906.53
674.69
763.34
749.02
640.74
822.94
604.75
562.72
677.85
976.64
970.35
978.22
807.32
716.18
788.64
773.53
823.59
777.54
926.00
867.50
821.71
793.78
933.08
903.05
706.43
673.96
803.21
778.53
779.90
757.73
630.34
654.89
852.60
888.53
492.70
489.96
591.93
625.61
618.93
630.03
991.87 1,006.23
919.38
941.39
1,004.94 1,017.59
799.69
833.55
720.51
730.94
779.15
932.80
1,037.28
745.75
963.56
975.02
936.51
1,043.46 1,112.22
724.39
736.53
917.85
1,101.56
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
265
2653
2656
2657
267
2672
2673
2677
$13.96
13.89
14.22
14.90
14.04
17.21
12.62
12.65
$13.87
13.77
14.25
14.88
13.88
17.15
12.38
12.46
$14.29
14.19
14.24
15.40
14.43
17.56
13.36
12.84
$14.36
14.26
14.82
15.31
14.43
17.66
13.52
12.63
27
271
272
273
2731
2732
274
275
2752
2759
276
278
279
14.40
13.81
15.65
14.37
14.21
14.49
14.44
14.77
15.01
14.16
14.99
10.88
16.55
14.30
13.82
15.79
14.05
13.86
14.21
14.42
14.61
14.83
14.09
15.03
10.94
16.46
14.69
13.91
16.00
15.09
14.93
15.22
14.63
15.08
15.26
14.52
14.32
11.16
17.35
14.76
13.98
16.12
15.09
14.72
15.39
15.09
15.09
15.23
14.66
14.52
11.36
17.29
18.15
19.33
20.43
18.95
21.37
16.14
17.98
17.56
15.91
20.27
14.67
14.23
15.15
21.81
22.60
21.66
18.73
16.25
17.98
19.22
20.15
18.81
21.28
15.95
17.67
17.14
15.86
20.17
15.31
13.86
15.03
21.80
22.41
21.69
18.39
16.24
18.33
19.39
20.46
18.99
21.05
16.60
17.98
17.54
16.17
20.76
13.88
14.86
15.83
22.14
23.10
21.99
18.95
16.64
28
Chemicals and allied products
281
Industrial inorganic chemicals
Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee
2819
Plastics materials and synthetics
282
Plastics materials and resins
2821
2824
Organic fibers, noncellulosic
283
Drugs
2834
Pharmaceutical preparations
284
Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods
2841
Soap and other detergents
Polishing, sanitation, and finishing preparations .. 2842,3
2844
Toilet preparations
285
Paints and allied products
286
Industrial organic chemicals
2865
Cyclic crudes and intermediates
2861,9
Other Industrial organic chemicals
287
Agricultural chemicals
289
Miscellaneous chemical products
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
May
2001P
May
2001P
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining
Asphalt paving and roofing materials
29
291
295
22.00
24.58
17.63
22.10
24.81
17.26
21.83
24.38
17.33
22.21
25.05
17.33
21.75
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Tires and inner tubes
Rubber and plastics footwear
Hose, belting, gaskets, and packing
Rubber and plastics hose and belting
Fabricated rubber products, nee
Miscellaneous plastics products, nee
30
301
302
305
3052
306
308
12.85
19.09
8.99
12.91
13.00
12.76
12.17
12.74
19.03
8.86
13.11
12.95
12.67
12.02
13.19
19.29
8.73
13.02
13.27
13.05
12.55
13.34
19.34
8.29
13.18
13.35
13.18
12.72
13.26
531.99
849.51
408.15
543.51
544.70
525.71
497.75
529.98
854.45
395.16
565.04
567.21
528.34
494.02
538.15
852.62
359.68
536.42
536.11
515.48
508.28
528.26
820.02
356.47
529.84
524.66
507.43
501.17
541.01
31
Leather and leather products
311
Leather tanning and finishing
Footwear, except rubber, and footwear cut stock ... 313,4
3143
Men's footwear, except athletic
3144
Women's footwear, except athletic
316
Luggage
317
Handbags and personal leather goods
10.18
12.66
10.46
12.68
9.96
10.57
9.12
9.72
10.36
12.81
10.18
8.89
8.87
381.75
551.98
372.45
352.60
378.43
291.68
327.15
386.20
583.92
375.58
361.20
359.13
274.18
326.42
375.51
536.36
366.53
338.24
414.96
287.71
319.82
369.85
545.71
361.12
329.35
412.60
264.52
310.55
376.66
9.75
10.31
8.64
9.47
10.19
12.89
9.73
10.32
8.45
9.17
13.74
434.27
435.93
446.55
453.95
447.92
16.68
626.09
627.01
632.70
643.82
635.51
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
13.24
13.21
16.22
16.16
See footnotes at end of table.
133
10.35
13.74
16.65
9.76
10.26
8.95
9.87
9.89
13.84
16.81
723.19
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
4011
44.5
45.6
42.9
43.9
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation
41
411
413
34.3
38.1
38.9
34.1
37.6
38.6
34.0
38.0
37.2
33.6
38.3
38.7
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage
42
421
422
40.5
40.5
40.0
40.5
40.5
40.3
39.5
39.6
38.8
39.6
39.8
38.0
Water transportation:
Water transportation services
449
35.0
35.7
33.9
34.1
Pipelines, except natural gas
46
42.0
41.6
40.4
41.2
Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement
47
472
4724
473
37.5
36.4
36.6
38.0
38.4
37.5
37.9
39.0
37.2
36.0
36.3
37.9
37.7
37.2
37.7
37.8
Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services
48
481
4813
483
484
40.2
41.3
41.5
35.8
40.4
40.5
41.7
41.8
36.0
40.4
39.5
40.5
40.7
34.7
40.4
39.6
40.4
40.6
35.4
40.9
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
49
491
492
493
495
41.7
41.8
41.2
42.4
41.8
42.0
42.5
41.1
41.9
42.0
41.7
42.3
40.8
41.5
41.8
42.3
42.9
41.3
42.3
42.3
38.5
38.9
38.0
38.3
Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads plus Amtrak2
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment....
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
507
508
509
38.9
37.5
37.8
39.2
40.1
39.5
40.8
38.0
39.9
39.3
36.9
39.3
37.5
37.9
39.5
41.0
39.8
41.2
38.3
40.4
39.7
37.1
38.4
35.6
37.7
38.4
39.1
38.6
40.4
37.6
40.2
39.2
37.4
38.7
36.0
37.9
38.7
39.6
38.9
39.8
37.7
40.8
39.6
37.2
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
51
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
37.9
35.4
37.5
38.2
39.5
32.2
40.8
38.1
38.0
36.3
38.2
36.7
37.7
38.5
39.4
31.8
40.8
38.8
38.5
37.0
37.4
34.3
35.9
38.8
39.1
30.2
40.9
37.8
37.3
36.5
37.8
34.3
37.0
38.4
39.6
31.6
41.0
38.0
37.9
36.5
28.9
28.9
28.4
28.8
35.4
37.3
35.0
30.5
32.5
35.4
37.0
35.3
30.6
33.1
35.4
37.6
35.1
29.6
32.0
35.9
38.2
35.6
30.0
33.1
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
52
521
523
525
526
See footnotes at end of table.
134
Average overtime hours
May
2001P
38.2
28.7
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average hourly earnings
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
4011
$17.95
$18.04
$18.67
Local and interurban passenger transit
Local and suburban transportation
Intercity and rural bus transportation
41
411
413
12.01
12.67
13.86
11.85
12.43
13.89
Trucking and warehousing
Trucking and courier services, except air
Public warehousing and storage
42
421
422
14.29
14.52
12.26
Water transportation:
Water transportation services
449
Pipelines, except natural gas
Average weekly earnings
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
$19.08
$798.78
$822.62
$800.94
$837.61
12.26
13.01
13.50
12.31
13.09
13.44
411.94
482.73
539.15
404.09
467.37
536.15
416.84
494.38
502.20
413.62
501.35
520.13
14.23
14.46
12.11
14.55
14.79
12.48
14.67
14.91
12.54
578.75
588.06
490.40
576.32
585.63
488.03
574.73
585.68
484.22
580.93
593.42
476.52
20.72
20.39
21.39
21.26
725.20
727.92
725.12
724.97
46
22.77
22.79
22.85
24.02
956.34
948.06
923.14
989.62
Transportation services
Passenger transportation arrangement
Travel agencies
Freight transportation arrangement
47
472
4724
473
14.51
14.82
15.16
14.80
14.66
15.01
15.48
14.94
14.95
15.52
15.93
15.18
15.43
16.50
17.13
15.28
544.13
539.45
554.86
562.40
562.94
562.88
586.69
582.66
556.14
558.72
578.26
575.32
581.71
613.80
645.80
577.58
Communications
Telephone communications
Telephone communications, except radio
Radio and television broadcasting
Cable and other pay television services
48
481
4813
483
17.79
17.96
18.58
18.82
15.48
17.67
17.81
18.45
18.74
15.41
18.09
18.36
18.76
18.94
15.57
18.27
18.56
19.00
18.96
15.77
715.16
741.75
771.07
673.76
625.39
715.64
742.68
771.21
674.64
622.56
714.56
743.58
763.53
657.22
629.03
723.49
749.82
771.40
671.18
644.99
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
Electric services
Gas production and distribution
Combination utility services
Sanitary services
49
491
492
493
21.52
22.52
19.65
25.57
18.21
21.46
22.50
19.48
25.85
17.82
22.12
22.86
19.96
26.58
19.19
22.18
23.23
20.26
25.72
19.27
897.38
941.34
809.58
1,084.17
761.18
901.32
922.40
956.25
966.98
800.63
814.37
1,083.11 1,103.07
748.44
802.14
938.21
996.57
836.74
1,087.96
815.12
15.20
15.18
15.58
15.88
15.91
14.29
14.37
14.22
19.42
18.49
15.07
16.45
14.40
15.78
12.16
15.90
14.20
14.28
14.17
19.29
18.37
14.90
16.74
14.41
15.80
12.04
16.42
14.71
15.30
14.99
20.48
19.42
15.48
16.27
14.90
16.03
12.87
14.18
13.71
19.98
13.31
14.13
11.12
15.73
13.16
17.00
11.38
14.11
13.71
19.86
13.55
13.99
10.91
15.84
13.09
17.21
11.33
9.46
11.44
12.05
11.22
9.26
10.12
Transportation and public utilities—Continued
Railroad transportation:
Class I railroads plus Amtrak2
484
495
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Motor vehicles, parts, and supplies
Furniture and home furnishings
Lumber and other construction materials
Professional and commercial equipment
Medical and hospital equipment
Metals and minerals, except petroleum
Electrical goods
Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipment....
Machinery, equipment, and supplies
Misc. wholesale trade durable goods
50
501
502
503
504
5047
505
506
507
508
Nondurable goods
Paper and paper products
Drugs, proprietaries, and sundries
Apparel, piece goods, and notions
Groceries and related products
Farm-product raw materials
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and petroleum products
Beer, wine, and distilled beverages
Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goods
51
511
512
513
514
509
515
516
517
518
519
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
Lumber and other building materials
Paint, glass, and wallpaper stores
Hardware stores
Retail nurseries and garden stores
52
521
523
525
526
585.20
590.50
592.04
608.20
16.76
15.10
15.33
15.26
20.96
19.84
15.72
16.56
15.28
16.41
12.92
618.90
535.88
543.19
557.42
778.74
730.36
614.86
625.10
574.56
620.15
448.70
624.87
532.50
541.21
559.72
790.89
731.13
613.88
641.14
582.16
627.26
446.68
630.53
523.68
576.81
575.62
800.77
749.61
625.39
611.75
598.98
628.38
481.34
648.61
543.60
581.01
590.56
830.02
771.78
625.66
624.31
623.42
649.84
480.62
14.36
13.51
19.73
13.46
14.57
11.40
15.97
13.54
16.62
11.58
14.62
13.82
20.94
13.57
14.71
11.32
16.17
13.73
16.92
11.65
537.42
485.33
749.25
508.44
558.14
358.06
641.78
501.40
646.00
413.09
539.00
503.16
748.72
521.68
551.21
346.94
646.27
507.89
662.59
419.21
537.06
463.39
708.31
522.25
569.69
344.28
653.17
511.81
619.93
422.67
552.64
474.03
774.78
521.09
582.52
357.71
662.97
521.74
641.27
425.23
9.43
9.74
9.78
273.39
272.53
276.62
281.66
11.32
11.92
11.06
9.26
10.02
11.86
12.55
11.55
9.53
10.38
11.91
12.67
11.58
9.55
10.10
404.98
449.47
392.70
282.43
328.90
400.73
441.04
390.42
283.36
331.66
419.84
471.88
405.41
282.09
332.16
427.57
483.99
412.25
286.50
334.31
See footnotes at end of table.
May
2001P
135
$15.75
9.79
May
2001P
$601.65
280.97
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
53
531
533
539
28.9
29.0
27.1
29.9
28.8
28.8
27.0
30.0
28.1
28.0
28.0
29.5
28.6
28.6
27.5
29.9
Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries
54
541
546
30.0
30.2
28.8
29.6
29.7
28.7
29.6
29.7
28.3
30.4
30.6
29.1
Automotive dealers and service stations .
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee
55
551
553
554
559
35.6
36.8
38.3
32.0
36.8
35.7
36.9
38.3
31.9
36.5
35.2
36.4
37.9
31.8
35.6
35.5
36.9
38.1
31.8
37.1
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
25.9
27.2
23.6
26.4
27.2
26.0
27.4
23.9
26.4
27.2
25.5
26.4
23.3
25.9
26.9
25.9
27.0
23.5
26.5
27.4
Furniture and home furnishings stores ....
Furniture and home furnishings stores ..
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores .
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...
57
571
572
573
5731
5735
32.4
32.8
33.7
31.6
31.1
24.4
32.5
33.1
33.6
31.6
30.9
24.3
31.8
32.2
32.2
31.1
30.4
22.6
32.0
32.0
32.6
31.8
31.3
23.3
Eating and drinking places3
58
25.6
25.7
25.1
25.3
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ...
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee
59
591
593
594
596
598
599
5995
5999
29.8
29.0
29.5
27.9
34.2
36.8
30.9
33.4
31.0
29.5
28.9
29.5
27.7
33.9
36.4
30.5
33.9
30.7
28.9
28.2
29.1
26.5
33.7
37.1
30.3
33.3
31.1
29.2
28.4
29.5
26.7
33.7
36.7
31.1
33.2
31.2
Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores
Finance, insurance, and real estate4
36.3
36.7
36.0
36.7
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee ...
Credit unions
60
602
6022
6021,9
606
35.6
35.5
35.4
35.5
35.6
36.0
35.9
36.0
35.9
36.0
35.2
35.0
34.8
35.1
35.3
36.4
36.3
36.2
36.4
35.9
Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
61
614
37.5
39.0
38.0
38.9
37.1
38.5
38.1
38.7
Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services
628
37.7
38.5
38.6
39.3
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance ...
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
63
631
632
6324
633
38.4
38.8
38.2
38.8
38.2
38.9
39.1
38.3
39.0
39.1
38.2
38.4
38.6
38.4
38.0
38.6
38.9
38.8
38.6
38.2
32.7
32.9
32.6
32.7
34.6
35.0
32.9
34.3
Services
Agricultural services
07
See footnotes at end of table.
136
Average overtime hours
May
2001P
36.0
32.5
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
$9.79
9.96
7.63
9.22
$273.39
278.11
207.04
270.89
$272.16
275.62
207.36
272.40
$274.82
278.60
212.80
271.40
$279.99
284.86
209.83
275.68
9.67
9.68
9.64
9.70
9.72
9.72
281.40
284.48
263.23
276.76
278.88
259.16
286.23
287.50
272.81
294.88
297.43
282.85
13.26
16.62
10.79
8.42
13.01
13.31
16.45
11.17
8.57
14.13
13.59
16.88
11.37
8.62
14.15
466.36
600.58
414.79
271.68
486.50
473.38
613.28
413.26
268.60
474.87
468.51
598.78
423.34
272.53
503.03
482.45
622.87
433.20
274.12
524.97
9.33
11.00
9.33
9.17
8.80
9.31
11.00
9.36
9.08
8.82
9.67
10.89
9.58
9.71
9.03
9.70
10.91
9.60
9.74
9.12
241.65
299.20
220.19
242.09
239.36
242.06
301.40
223.70
239.71
239.90
246.59
287.50
223.21
251.49
242.91
251.23
294.57
225.60
258.11
249.89
12.80
11.98
12.02
13.93
12.81
7.79
12.87
11.95
11.89
14.16
12.89
7.90
13.13
12.25
12.41
14.38
12.98
8.08
13.31
12.38
12.43
14.61
13.42
8.28
414.72
392.94
405.07
440.19
398.39
190.08
418.28
395.55
399.50
447.46
398.30
191.97
417.53
394.45
399.60
447.22
394.59
182.61
425.92
396.16
405.22
464.60
420.05
192.92
6.93
6.84
7.11
7.10
177.41
175.79
178.46
179.63
10.26
10.20
10.97
8.33
9.54
10.61
10.65
11.58
8.71
9.91
10.66
11.60
8.75
305.75
322.77
247.80
265.89
366.62
505.63
316.73
398.13
331.08
300.90
317.03
245.74
264.26
359.68
491.40
311.10
394.94
329.41
307.79
326.56
253.46
262.62
375.08
520.14
319.06
409.92
338.68
311.27
329.44
258.13
264.06
379.80
508.66
327.17
410.68
342.26
$547.04
$554.54
$564.12
$580.23
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
53
531
533
539
$9.46
9.59
7.64
9.06
$9.45
9.57
7.68
9.08
$9.78
9.95
7.60
9.20
Food stores
Grocery stores
Retail bakeries
54
541
546
9.38
9.42
9.14
9.35
9.39
9.03
Automotive dealers and service stations .
New and used car dealers
Auto and home supply stores
Gasoline service stations
Automotive dealers, nee
55
551
553
554
559
13.10
16.32
10.83
8.49
13.22
Apparel and accessory stores
Men's and boys' clothing stores
Women's clothing stores
Family clothing stores
Shoe stores
56
561
562
565
566
Furniture and home furnishings stores ....
Furniture and home furnishings stores ..
Household appliance stores
Radio, television, and computer stores .
Radio, television, and electronic stores
Record and prerecorded tape stores ...
57
571
572
573
5731
5735
Eating and drinking places3
58
Miscellaneous retail establishments
Drug stores and proprietary stores
Used merchandise stores
Miscellaneous shopping goods stores ...
Nonstore retailers
Fuel dealers
Retail stores, nee
Optical goods stores
Miscellaneous retail stores, nee
59
591
593
594
596
598
599
5995
5999
Retail trade—Continued
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Variety stores
Misc. general merchandise stores
Finance, insurance, and real estate4
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
11.13
8.40
9.53
10.72
13.74
10.25
11.92
10.68
Apr.
2001P
13.50
11.13
14.02
9.89
11.27
13.86
10.20
11.65
10.73
10.53
12.31
10.89
12.37
10.97
$15.07
$15.11
$15.67
$15.81
May
2001P
10.52
$15.72
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
State commercial banks
National and commercial banks, nee ...
Credit unions
60
602
6022
6021,9
606
11.70
11.16
10.84
11.37
11.43
11.70
11.14
10.86
11.33
11.44
12.11
11.55
11.18
11.80
11.82
12.16
11.57
11.25
11.79
11.93
416.52
396.18
383.74
403.64
406.91
421.20
399.93
390.96
406.75
411.84
426.27
404.25
389.06
414.18
417.25
442.62
419.99
407.25
429.16
428.29
Nondepository institutions
Personal credit institutions
61
614
15.62
13.18
15.55
13.35
16.78
13.37
17.31
13.59
585.75
514.02
590.90
519.32
622.54
514.75
659.51
525.93
Security and commodity brokers:
Security and commodity services
628
22.29
21.98
23.14
23.23
840.33
846.23
893.20
912.94
Insurance carriers
Life insurance
Medical service and health insurance ...
Hospital and medical service plans
Fire, marine, and casualty insurance
63
631
632
6324
633
17.58
16.02
16.76
17.18
19.20
17.70
16.02
16.86
17.28
19.42
18.26
16.50
17.45
17.93
20.11
18.49
16.82
17.61
18.08
20.36
675.07
621.58
640.23
666.58
733.44
688.53
626.38
645.74
673.92
759.32
697.53
633.60
673.57
688.51
764.18
713.71
654.30
683.27
697.89
777.75
13.91
13.86
14.48
14.58
454.86
455.99
472.05
476.77
10.96
10.89
11.28
11.27
379.22
381.15
371.11
386.56
Services
Agricultural services
07
See footnotes at end of table.
137
14.47
May
2001P
$565.92
470.28
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
074
078
28.6
37.2
28.9
37.5
28.4
35.1
28.9
36.6
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels3
701
31.0
31.1
29.8
30.1
Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops3
Miscellaneous personal services
721
723
729
34.0
28.0
27.5
34.1
28.3
27.4
33.6
27.9
32.1
34.2
28.0
34.4
73
731
33.9
36.0
34.1
36.9
33.7
34.5
33.3
35.1
7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359
36.4
28.8
37.8
28.0
38.0
36.1
40.6
37.7
37.0
29.1
38.5
28.2
38.0
36.5
40.4
37.6
34.8
28.5
36.8
27.7
37.5
37.2
40.2
36.7
34.0
28.6
38.5
27.7
37.7
37.2
40.6
36.8
7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382
32.6
38.3
37.7
39.0
37.2
39.3
33.5
35.5
37.1
32.9
38.8
38.0
39.2
37.3
40.3
33.8
35.8
37.7
32.4
38.2
37.7
39.1
36.2
38.1
33.3
34.9
36.1
31.0
39.0
38.2
40.5
37.3
39.3
33.1
34.9
36.6
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes
75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
754
7542
35.4
36.3
36.0
33.4
37.3
37.9
36.5
30.8
27.7
35.3
35.8
35.5
33.7
37.2
38.1
36.2
30.5
26.9
34.9
35.4
35.0
33.9
37.1
37.8
36.0
29.9
26.3
35.0
35.6
35.0
34.4
36.9
37.5
36.1
30.3
26.6
Miscellaneous repair services
76
37.9
38.2
37.7
37.4
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Video tape rental
78
781
784
31.5
40.5
24.9
31.4
41.4
24.5
31.9
40.5
25.7
32.5
41.1
26.4
Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs
79
793
799
7991
7997
25.9
25.1
25.7
18.2
28.5
25.6
25.3
25.2
18.4
28.5
25.2
24.8
24.8
18.6
27.6
25.7
24.7
25.5
17.6
28.7
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
33.1
32.8
28.0
30.5
32.6
31.8
35.0
33.2
33.1
28.2
30.9
32.6
31.8
35.0
33.2
33.2
27.9
30.2
32.1
31.2
35.2
33.4
33.5
28.1
30.3
32.8
31.8
35.2
Services—Continued
Agricultural services—Continued
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services
Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
See footnotes at end of table.
138
Average overtime hours
May
2001P
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average hourly earnings
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
$11.35
11.30
$310.31
411.06
$310.39
412.13
$319.50
399.09
$328.02
413.58
9.92
9.88
299.46
299.80
295.62
297.39
8.99
10.20
9.56
9.36
10.52
10.85
9.40
10.74
10.82
309.06
286.72
283.25
306.56
288.66
261.94
314.50
293.51
348.29
321.48
300.72
372.21
13.99
19.68
13.94
19.94
14.72
20.07
15.02
20.42
474.26
708.48
475.35
735.79
496.06
692.42
500.17
716.74
7334
734
7342
7349
735
7352
7353
7359
12.01
8.90
12.12
8.50
13.90
13.11
18.14
11.95
8.83
12.52
9.09
12.07
8.72
18.66
12.86
9.19
12.57
8.74
14.58
13.65
18.88
442.15
256.95
462.77
237.73
526.68
472.31
732.05
473.38
435.70
259.07
444.18
241.54
546.00
502.20
750.13
487.74
437.24
262.83
483.95
242.10
549.67
507.78
766.53
486.13
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
074
078
$10.85
11.05
$10.74
10.99
$11.25
11.37
Hotels and other lodging places:
Hotels and motels3
701
9.66
9.64
Personal services:
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services
Beauty shops3
Miscellaneous personal services
721
723
729
9.09
10.24
10.30
73
731
Services—Continued
Agricultural services—Continued
Veterinary services
Landscape and horticultural services
Business services
Advertising
Mailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:
Photocopying and duplicating services
Services to buildings
Disinfecting and pest control services
Building maintenance services, nee
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Medical equipment rental
Heavy construction equipment rental
Equipment rental and leasing, nee
Personnel supply services:
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Computer programming services
Computer integrated systems design
Information retrieval services
Computer maintenance and repair
Miscellaneous business services
Detective and armored car services
Security systems services
Average weekly earnings
May
2001P
13.50
12.60
12.94
18.12
12.59
13.29
13.21
437.16
256.32
458.14
238.00
528.20
473.27
736.48
475.02
7363
737
7371
7373
7375
7378
738
7381
7382
11.04
23.15
26.76
22.41
15.87
16.99
10.93
9.25
14.43
10.93
23.05
26.73
22.40
15.30
17.13
10.94
9.15
14.52
11.67
23.67
27.14
23.65
16.24
16.36
11.24
9.44
14.97
11.71
24.18
27.63
24.53
16.61
16.59
11.32
9.48
15.35
359.90
886.65
1,008.85
873.99
590.36
667.71
366.16
328.38
535.35
Auto repair, services, and parking
Automotive rentals, without drivers
Passenger car rental
Automobile parking
Automotive repair shops
Automotive and tire repair shops
General automotive repair shops
Automotive services, except repair
Carwashes
75
751
7514
752
753
7532,4
7538
754
7542
11.92
11.51
10.62
8.94
13.37
14.13
13.06
9.04
7.83
11.86
11.55
10.66
8.86
14.00
12.98
8.91
7.86
12.19
11.77
10.89
8.90
13.71
14.63
13.30
9.34
7.87
12.26
11.68
10.73
9.08
13.83
14.72
13.46
9.44
7.92
421.97
417.81
382.32
298.60
498.70
535.53
476.69
278.43
216.89
418.66
413.49
378.43
298.58
494.02
533.40
469.88
271.76
211.43
425.43
416.66
381.15
301.71
508.64
553.01
478.80
279.27
206.98
429.10
415.81
375.55
312.35
510.33
552.00
485.91
286.03
210.67
Miscellaneous repair services
76
14.36
14.19
14.79
14.86
544.24
542.06
557.58
555.76
Motion pictures
Motion picture production and services
Video tape rental
78
781
784
15.03
19.94
7.84
15.36
20.27
7.75
15.02
19.65
8.06
15.08
19.89
7.99
473.45
807.57
195.22
482.30
839.18
189.88
479.14
795.83
207.14
490.10
817.48
210.94
Amusement and recreation services
Bowling centers
Misc. amusement and recreation services
Physical fitness facilities
Membership sports and recreation clubs
79
793
799
7991
7997
10.13
8.18
9.48
10.02
9.98
10.26
8.12
9.64
10.01
10.08
10.72
8.31
10.00
10.12
10.68
10.73
8.46
9.97
10.24
10.68
262.37
205.32
243.64
182.36
284.43
262.66
205.44
242.93
184.18
287.28
270.14
206.09
248.00
188.23
294.77
275.76
208.96
254.24
180.22
306.52
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Offices and clinics of dentists
Offices and clinics of other health practitioners ...
Nursing and personal care facilities
Intermediate care facilities
Hospitals
80
801
802
804
805
8052
806
14.73
15.45
15.59
13.08
10.71
10.29
16.47
14.58
15.33
15.54
12.97
10.57
10.16
16.28
15.31
15.99
16.17
13.40
11.14
10.57
17.18
15.32
15.96
16.26
13.53
11.16
10.61
17.19
487.56
506.76
436.52
398.94
349.15
327.22
576.45
484.06
507.42
438.23
400.77
344.58
323.09
569.80
508.29
530.87
451.14
404.68
357.59
329.78
604.74
511.69
534.66
456.91
409.96
366.05
337.40
605.09
12.02
8.43
13.86
13.28
See footnotes at end of table.
139
14.56
363.01
359.60
378.11
904.19
943.02
894.34
1,015.74 1,023.18 1,055.47
924.72
993.47
878.08
587.89
619.55
570.69
623.32
651.99
690.34
374.29
374.69
369.77
329.46
330.85
327.57
540.42
561.81
547.40
May
2001P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed
industry—Continued
Industry
1987
SIC
Code
Average weekly hours
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
808
29.6
29.6
29.6
29.8
Legal services
81
35.3
35.9
35.1
35.9
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee
83
832
833
835
836
839
31.1
31.2
30.5
29.6
32.6
32.1
31.3
31.4
30.6
29.5
32.9
32.5
30.8
30.5
30.2
29.5
32.2
32.1
31.2
31.2
30.7
29.5
32.9
32.6
Membership organizations:
Professional organizations
862
35.1
35.3
35.3
36.1
Engineering and management services ...
Engineering and architectural services ...
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services
87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8741
8742
8743
37.2
39.0
39.3
38.3
37.1
37.2
36.4
38.9
31.1
36.6
35.9
35.7
36.3
35.1
37.9
39.4
39.7
38.7
36.8
39.9
36.5
39.1
31.0
37.0
36.0
35.8
36.3
36.0
37.3
38.7
38.9
38.2
37.3
38.2
36.3
38.5
30.6
36.4
36.0
35.7
36.2
35.2
37.9
38.9
39.1
38.7
37.1
39.5
36.3
38.8
29.8
37.0
36.6
36.2
36.8
36.3
Services, nee
89
35.7
36.7
34.5
35.0
Services—Continued
Health services—Continued
Home health care services
See footnotes at end of table.
140
Average overtime hours
May
2001P
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued
Industry
Services—Continued
Health services—Continued
Home health care services
1987
SIC
Code
808
Average hourly earnings
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
$12.41
$12.37
$12.55
Average weekly earnings
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
$12.72
$367.34
$366.15
$371.48
$379.06
May
2001P
Legal services
81
20.16
20.12
20.70
21.04
711.65
722.31
726.57
755.34
Social services
Individual and family services
Job training and related services
Child day care services
Residential care
Social services, nee
83
832
833
835
836
839
9.93
10.44
9.57
8.66
10.12
12.16
9.86
10.40
9.51
8.62
10.01
12.08
10.19
10.70
9.75
8.93
10.41
12.55
10.28
10.79
9.85
8.96
10.49
12.77
308.82
325.73
291.89
256.34
329.91
390.34
308.62
326.56
291.01
254.29
329.33
392.60
313.85
326.35
294.45
263.44
335.20
402.86
320.74
336.65
302.40
264.32
345.12
416.30
Membership organizations:
Professional organizations
862
19.31
19.30
19.69
19.79
677.78
681.29
695.06
714.42
Engineering and management services ...
Engineering and architectural services ...
Engineering services
Architectural services
Surveying services
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..
Research and testing services
Commercial physical research
Commercial nonphysical research
Noncommercial research organizations
Management and public relations
Management services
Management consulting services
Public relations services
87
871
8711
8712
8713
872
873
8731
8732
8733
874
8741
8742
8743
19.10
21.12
22.01
19.19
14.92
16.18
18.81
20.69
14.70
22.61
18.83
16.88
21.49
18.03
19.11
21.25
22.12
19.42
14.98
16.18
18.73
20.42
14.92
22.53
18.94
16.95
21.68
18.08
19.53
21.55
22.45
19.70
15.43
16.56
19.69
22.09
14.64
23.33
19.19
17.13
21.42
18.64
19.80
21.78
22.62
20.26
15.52
16.84
20.25
22.80
15.42
23.50
19.38
17.53
21.35
19.00
710.52
823.68
864.99
734.98
553.53
601.90
684.68
804.84
457.17
827.53
676.00
602.62
780.09
632.85
724.27
837.25
878.16
751.55
551.26
645.58
683.65
798.42
462.52
833.61
681.84
606.81
786.98
650.88
728.47
833.99
873.31
752.54
575.54
632.59
714.75
850.47
447.98
849.21
690.84
611.54
775.40
656.13
750.42
847.24
884.44
784.06
575.79
665.18
735.08
884.64
459.52
869.50
709.31
634.59
785.68
689.70
Services, nee
89
18.84
18.59
19.48
19.60
672.59
682.25
672.06
686.00
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction
workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and
services.
2
Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of $253.7 million or
more in 1993 and to Amtrak.
3
Money payments only tips; not included.
4
May
2001P
Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.
Data not available.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks and the
introduction of probability-based sample estimates for mining, construction, and
manufacturing. See the article in this issue for additional information.
141
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-16. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime1, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
$13.62
$13.54
$13.98
$14.17
$14.08
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
14.03
11.27
11.23
13.57
15.23
13.13
14.70
13.17
17.46
13.86
11.29
13.93
11.16
11.09
13.48
15.21
13.05
14.60
13.08
17.24
13.81
11.19
14.41
11.50
11.66
13.88
15.58
13.47
15.02
13.75
17.85
14.18
11.76
14.56
11.57
11.78
14.08
15.91
13.61
15.17
14.00
18.00
14.37
11.84
14.50
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
12.99
11.74
20.55
10.62
9.03
15.25
13.79
17.16
20.52
12.24
9.88
12.93
11.73
20.12
10.55
9.02
15.18
13.71
17.04
20.57
12.13
9.86
13.32
11.98
21.73
10.84
9.21
15.68
14.09
17.36
20.33
12.64
10.28
13.55
12.18
21.62
10.92
9.25
15.95
14.28
17.69
20.52
12.87
10.20
$13.44
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Industry
Manufacturing
1
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time
and one-half.
2
Not available.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks and
the introduction of probability-based sample estimates for manufacturing.
See the article in this issue for additional information.
142
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-17. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major
industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars
Average hourly earnings
Industry
Average weekly earnings
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
$13.75
7.89
$13.70
7.90
$14.19
7.97
$14.27
7.97
$14.23 $474.38 $474.02 $482.46 $486.61 $486.67
272.16 273.37 270.89 271.70
(2)
(2)
Mining:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
17.24
9.89
17.31
9.98
17.57
9.87
17.62
9.84
$17.54
(2)
743.04
426.30
744.33
429.26
757.27
425.19
766.47 $771.76
427.96
(2)
Construction:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
17.88
10.26
17.69
10.20
18.20
10.22
18.08
10.09
$18.20
(2)
702.68
403.14
691.68
398.89
702.52
394.45
696.08 $733.46
388.65
(2)
Manufacturing:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
14.38
8.25
14.29
8.24
14.65
8.23
14.75
8.24
$14.75
(2)
598.21
343.21
597.32
344.48
597.72
335.61
588.53 $600.33
328.60
(2)
Transportation and public utilities:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
16.22
9.31
16.16
9.32
16.65
9.35
16.81
9.39
$16.68
(2)
626.09
359.20
627.01
361.60
632.70
355.25
643.82 $635.51
359.48
(2)
Wholesale trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
15.20
8.72
15.18
8.75
15.58
8.75
15.88
8.87
$15.75
(2)
585.20
335.74
590.50
340.54
592.04
332.42
608.20 $601.65
339.59
(2)
Retail trade:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
9.46
5.43
9.43
5.44
9.74
5.47
9.78
5.46
$9.79
(2)
273.39
156.85
272.53
157.17
276.62
155.32
281.66 $280.97
157.26
(2)
Finance, insurance, and real estate:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
15.07
8.65
15.11
8.71
15.67
8.80
15.81
8.83
$15.72
(2)
547.04
313.85
554.54
319.80
564.12
316.74
580.23 $565.92
323.97
(2)
Services:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars
13.91
7.98
13.86
7.99
14.48
8.13
14.58
8.14
$14.47
(2)
454.86
260.96
455.99
262.97
472.05
265.05
476.77 $470.28
266.20
(2)
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services.
2
Not available.
P = preliminary.
Avg.
2000
Apr.
2000
Mar.
2001
Apr.
2001P
May
2001P
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series. Data have been
revised to reflect March 2000 benchmarks and the introduction of
probability-based sample estimates for mining, construction, and
manufacturing. See the article in this issue for additional information.
143
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas
Average weekly hours
State and area
Alabama
Birmingham
Mobile
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
42.4
42.0
42.6
41.1
42.5
44.4
40.5
41.6
42.3
$12.90
13.26
14.28
$13.22
13.87
14.11
$13.14
13.78
14.19
$546.96
556.92
608.33
$543.34
589.48
626.48
$532.17
573.25
600.24
Alaska
41.7
52.2
42.7
13.22
11.27
12.23
551.27
588.29
522.22
Arizona
40.3
40.2
39.5
12.86
12.86
12.97
518.26
516.97
512.32
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
41.3
41.6
41.0
41.9
39.9
39.4
38.8
38.2
40.3
39.1
38.6
39.8
38.5
38.2
38.9
11.87
11.71
11.90
12.51
13.72
12.20
12.28
12.04
12.92
13.39
12.33
12.13
11.94
13.12
13.21
490.23
487.14
487.90
524.17
547.43
480.68
476.46
459.93
520.68
523.55
475.94
482.77
459.69
501.18
513.87
California
Bakersfield
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
41.6
41.8
41.3
42.6
40.5
43.0
43.4
42.4
40.4
42.2
39.6
40.4
42.5
41.3
40.3
42.2
42.2
41.7
41.0
41.7
39.9
41.8
39.4
42.8
42.8
40.5
39.7
41.7
40.2
40.8
40.3
39.0
38.9
41.2
40.6
43.1
40.4
42.0
39.9
41.5
39.1
42.6
42.4
41.2
39.7
41.3
39.8
40.8
41.1
38.6
38.5
40.7
41.5
42.3
14.12
14.02
12.29
13.17
14.18
16.00
13.47
12.57
15.03
14.26
13.68
14.85
17.48
14.72
14.98
13.54
16.22
12.92
14.51
14.20
12.45
13.30
14.26
16.29
13.58
12.71
15.18
14.55
13.84
14.97
17.98
15.05
15.51
13.55
16.24
13.13
14.57
14.24
12.49
13.33
14.29
16.36
13.61
12.75
15.29
14.60
13.79
15.02
18.06
15.21
15.55
13.66
16.32
13.13
587.39
586.04
507.58
561.04
574.29
688.00
584.60
532.97
607.21
601.77
541.73
599.94
742.90
607.94
603.69
571.39
684.48
538.76
594.91
592.14
496.76
555.94
561.84
697.21
581.22
514.76
602.65
606.74
556.37
610.78
724.59
586.95
603.34
558.26
659.34
565.90
588.63
598.08
498.35
553.20
558.74
696.94
577.06
525.30
607.01
602.98
548.84
612.82
742.27
587.11
598.68
555.96
677.28
555.40
Colorado
Denver
42.0
42.9
39.8
40.7
39.0
39.1
14.46
13.52
15.46
14.19
15.57
14.20
607.32
580.01
615.31
577.53
607.23
555.22
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
New London-Norwich
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
42.5
42.1
41.5
43.6
42.4
41.9
39.4
45.0
42.9
40.4
39.5
43.7
42.4
42.4
39.8
42.3
42.3
39.6
38.8
41.2
42.0
41.1
39.0
41.0
15.62
15.78
16.00
16.74
15.09
16.70
13.43
14.61
15.98
15.46
15.66
16.95
15.38
17.06
14.06
14.86
16.00
15.32
15.81
16.83
15.42
17.24
13.82
14.77
663.85
664.34
664.00
729.86
639.82
699.73
529.14
657.45
685.54
624.58
618.57
740.72
652.11
723.34
559.59
628.58
676.80
606.67
613.43
693.40
647.64
708.56
538.98
605.57
Delaware
Dover
Wilmington-Newark
42.4
39.7
43.8
42.6
39.7
44.9
42.4
40.8
43.9
16.43
14.46
19.47
16.51
14.51
20.07
16.66
14.69
20.00
696.63
574.06
852.79
703.33
576.05
901.14
706.38
599.35
878.00
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
District of Columbia:
Washington PMSA
Florida
Georgia
Atlanta
Savannah
Hawaii
39.6
39.3
38.5
15.57
15.63
15.63
616.57
614.26
601.76
41.9
42.0
41.1
12.19
12.68
12.60
510.76
532.56
517.86
41.6
41.5
45.9
40.0
38.6
41.3
38.8
37.9
41.0
13.00
14.01
16.28
13.03
14.25
15.30
12.93
14.19
15.47
540.80
581.42
747.25
521.20
550.05
631.89
501.68
537.80
634.27
38.8
40.6
37.7
39.9
38.1
40.5
13.55
13.15
13.77
13.50
13.82
13.36
525.74
533.89
519.13
538.65
526.54
541.08
39.0
39.1
37.7
13.65
14.93
14.93
532.35
583.76
562.86
41.6
42.2
41.4
41.8
41.0
41.9
41.1
41.0
42.7
40.3
40.5
38.5
39.2
40.3
40.8
40.8
39.6
39.5
40.8
40.8
39.8
38.2
39.3
39.6
40.0
40.4
39.3
39.1
40.2
39.7
14.30
20.01
12.48
14.05
15.78
16.78
15.82
16.62
16.68
12.93
14.58
19.75
12.88
14.36
15.87
17.01
16.17
16.89
16.58
13.31
14.64
19.81
12.91
14.38
16.05
16.99
16.25
16.92
16.68
13.32
594.88
844.42
516.67
587.29
646.98
703.08
650.20
681.42
712.24
521.08
590.49
760.38
504.90
578.71
647.50
694.01
640.33
667.16
676.46
543.05
582.67
756.74
507.36
569.45
642.00
686.40
638.63
661.57
670.54
528.80
Honolulu
Idaho
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
See footnotes at end of table.
144
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas — Continued
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly hours
State and area
Average weekly earnings
March
2001
April
2001P
$669.67
553.78
556.40
709.24
661.38
880.54
677.16
1,121.87
732.64
601.08
511.46
619.77
$649.98
564.33
570.02
687.56
670.19
862.36
676.72
960.78
723.35
633.92
516.89
615.73
$634.80
557.38
571.52
672.15
656.75
834.95
676.06
957.88
704.33
631.16
513.35
613.44
14.95
19.49
15.82
15.87
12.75
611.74
841.05
649.64
632.13
427.09
611.89
809.58
608.32
637.07
468.66
593.52
777.65
613.82
615.76
492.15
15.15
18.23
17.66
15.11
18.19
17.73
606.56
672.60
717.29
606.00
716.44
736.42
590.80
698.50
712.75
14.52
15.10
16.71
15.23
14.89
17.72
15.22
15.05
17.65
611.29
634.20
730.23
633.57
614.96
760.19
617.93
598.99
732.48
41.3
43.1
42.1
41.6
15.49
18.00
15.10
15.19
15.58
18.15
15.91
15.68
15.53
18.32
15.48
15.45
661.42
781.20
655.34
622.79
654.36
782.27
680.95
653.86
641.39
789.59
651.71
642.72
40.9
39.4
42.3
40.2
39.9
42.5
14.14
12.57
12.12
14.87
13.55
12.51
15.02
13.76
12.43
589.64
527.94
515.10
608.18
533.87
529.17
603.80
549.02
528.28
41.1
41.6
40.0
40.3
40.0
39.7
14.91
15.60
15.24
15.80
15.24
15.56
612.80
648.96
609.60
636.74
617.73
Massachusetts
Boston
Springfield
Worcester
42.0
41.1
40.9
42.3
41.3
40.3
39.9
41.6
40.6
39.7
37.7
40.4
14.53
15.98
13.91
14.84
15.15
16.71
14.25
14.98
15.16
16.65
14.23
15.03
610.26
656.78
568.92
627.73
625.70
673.41
568.58
623.17
615.50
661.01
536.47
607.21
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
44.4
45.4
46.1
47.0
42.4
41.9
43.8
43.0
46.2
42.0
43.2
44.6
40.8
40.8
39.6
40.9
40.2
42.1
40.3
42.4
42.4
39.6
39.7
39.2
39.5
39.9
41.4
19.00
20.56
20.66
25.52
15.43
13.56
14.71
20.49
22.16
19.44
21.08
21.40
24.77
15.79
14.18
15.13
21.23
22.00
19.31
20.84
21.38
23.94
15.68
14.20
14.87
21.26
21.76
843.60
933.42
952.43
1,199.44
654.23
568.16
644.30
881.07
1,023.79
816.48
910.66
954.44
1,010.62
644.23
561.53
618.82
853.45
926.20
778.19
883.62
906.51
948.02
622.50
556.64
587.37
848.27
900.86
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St. Paul
St. Cloud
41.1
39.6
41.9
43.1
40.1
40.1
40.8
42.5
39.6
39.1
40.2
43.0
14.76
13.39
15.90
13.84
15.25
13.05
16.18
14.70
15.29
13.30
16.11
14.82
606.64
530.24
666.21
596.50
611.53
523.31
660.14
624.75
605.48
520.03
647.62
637.26
Mississippi
Jackson
40.8
39.7
39.6
37.4
38.3
37.1
11.58
13.09
11.95
13.66
11.87
13.60
472.46
519.67
473.22
510.88
454.62
504.56
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
Springfield
41.5
42.1
42.6
41.5
40.2
41.6
41.3
38.9
39.4
41.0
40.9
37.4
14.22
15.00
16.38
12.16
14.66
16.38
16.55
12.60
14.79
16.32
16.70
12.57
590.13
631.50
697.79
504.64
589.33
681.41
683.52
490.14
582.73
669.12
683.03
470.12
Montana
39.5
37.8
38.5
14.17
14.77
14.84
559.72
558.31
571.34
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
41.4
43.7
40.6
39.9
41.3
41.0
38.4
41.1
40.2
12.86
14.47
14.53
13.24
14.69
14.71
13.37
14.74
14.45
532.40
632.34
589.92
528.28
606.70
603.11
513.41
605.81
580.89
Nevada
Las Vegas
42.5
44.2
43.3
41.0
42.6
40.6
13.64
12.42
13.89
12.63
13.90
12.79
579.70
548.96
601.44
517.83
592.14
519.27
April
2000
March
2001
April
200 IP
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansville-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
42.6
40.1
39.8
44.3
40.7
42.6
44.0
49.4
43.3
44.1
40.4
43.8
40.7
39.0
37.7
42.6
40.3
41.7
44.0
41.2
42.6
44.8
40.7
42.7
39.7
38.6
37.6
42.3
39.9
40.2
43.9
40.9
41.8
44.7
40.2
42.6
$15.72
13.81
13.98
16.01
16.25
20.67
15.39
22.71
16.92
13.63
12.66
14.15
$15.97
14.47
15.12
16.14
16.63
20.68
15.38
23.32
16.98
14.15
12.70
14.42
$15.99
14.44
15.20
15.89
16.46
20.77
15.40
23.42
16.85
14.12
12.77
14.40
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Sioux City
41.7
44.5
40.3
38.9
35.8
41.4
42.1
40.1
40.5
38.7
39.7
39.9
38.8
38.8
38.6
14.67
18.90
16.12
16.25
11.93
14.78
19.23
15.17
15.73
12.11
Kansas
Topeka
Wichita
40.6
38.0
41.8
40.0
39.3
41.7
39.1
38.4
40.2
14.94
17.70
17.16
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
42.1
42.0
43.7
41.6
41.3
42.9
40.6
39.8
41.5
Louisiana
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
42.7
43.4
43.4
41.0
42.0
43.1
42.8
41.7
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
41.7
42.0
42.5
Maryland
Baltimore PMSA
See footnotes at end of table.
145
April
2000
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas — Continued
Average weekly hours
State and area
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester
41.2
39.7
40.7
42.2
40.6
40.4
41.3
42.5
39.7
41.0
38.7
39.5
$13.22
14.60
13.79
13.34
$13.68
15.56
13.83
13.40
$13.85
15.45
14.30
13.62
$544.66
579.62
561.25
562.95
$555.41
628.62
571.18
569.50
$549.85
633.45
553.41
537.99
New Jersey
42.0
41.7
41.4
15.42
15.93
15.94
647.64
664.28
659.92
New Mexico
Albuquerque
37.2
37.8
37.9
37.6
36.8
36.6
13.15
15.71
14.13
16.54
14.14
16.19
489.18
593.84
535.53
621.90
520.35
592.55
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Nassau-Suffolk
New York PMSA
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Rockland County
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
Westchester County
41.3
42.2
42.3
43.4
40.8
40.7
39.6
39.7
39.0
41.4
42.6
45.0
41.1
40.8
42.9
40.2
41.1
40.4
42.7
39.9
39.9
39.4
38.9
38.0
41.0
40.5
43.9
40.7
40.1
42.5
39.5
40.5
39.6
41.9
39.1
39.6
39.0
38.4
37.6
40.4
40.3
43.6
40.3
39.3
41.7
14.13
15.34
11.36
17.60
12.20
13.08
13.06
13.08
12.91
11.47
16.45
15.93
15.64
12.97
13.09
14.58
15.56
11.44
18.17
13.02
13.76
13.62
13.86
13.69
12.09
16.21
16.38
15.55
13.06
13.94
14.59
15.50
11.47
17.89
13.31
13.63
13.60
14.03
13.89
12.16
16.15
16.43
15.58
12.96
14.01
583.57
647.35
480.53
763.84
497.76
532.36
517.18
519.28
503.49
474.86
700.77
716.85
642.80
529.18
561.56
586.12
639.52
462.18
775.86
519.50
549.02
536.63
539.15
520.22
495.69
656.51
719.08
632.89
523.71
592.45
576.31
627.75
454.21
749.59
520.42
539.75
530.40
538.75
522.26
491.26
650.85
716.35
627.87
509.33
584.22
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
41.7
42.7
42.7
40.2
42.8
39.8
40.6
40.7
39.6
40.3
38.7
38.4
39.6
38.7
39.8
12.70
11.79
13.74
12.83
13.95
13.08
12.64
13.72
13.27
14.09
13.20
12.80
13.83
13.25
14.18
529.59
503.43
586.70
515.77
597.06
520.58
513.18
558.40
525.49
567.83
510.84
491.52
547.67
512.78
564.36
North Dakota
Fargo-Moorhead
40.9
40.1
39.8
42.5
38.5
39.7
12.74
13.14
12.65
12.77
12.93
12.86
521.07
526.91
503.47
542.73
497.81
510.54
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Hamilton-Middletown
Lima
Mansfield
Steubenville-Weirton
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
43.3
42.0
40.2
43.8
43.6
42.6
44.4
46.1
44.5
44.4
41.5
44.8
43.4
41.4
41.5
39.4
41.9
40.9
41.2
41.4
45.4
41.0
43.2
42.8
41.4
40.1
40.9
41.2
39.9
41.7
40.3
41.0
40.6
45.3
41.3
41.9
41.3
40.7
40.3
16.63
14.21
14.08
16.26
16.29
15.41
17.28
18.03
17.43
17.06
18.28
19.03
18.29
16.87
14.45
13.87
16.60
16.53
15.40
17.63
18.70
17.92
17.67
18.18
19.29
18.47
16.92
14.50
13.90
16.63
16.63
15.37
17.41
18.98
18.25
17.66
17.96
19.34
18.68
720.08
596.82
566.02
712.19
710.24
656.47
767.23
831.18
775.64
757.46
758.62
852.54
793.79
698.42
599.68
546.48
695.54
676.08
634.48
729.88
848.98
734.72
763.34
778.10
798.61
740.65
692.03
597.40
554.61
693.47
670.19
630.17
706.85
859.79
753.73
739.95
741.75
787.14
752.80
Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
41.1
42.3
43.1
38.7
36.1
42.4
37.7
36.3
40.8
13.29
15.20
13.87
12.83
13.78
14.81
12.81
13.77
14.68
546.22
642.96
597.80
496.52
497.46
627.94
482.94
499.85
598.94
Oregon
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
Salem
40.5
41.0
39.8
40.6
38.2
39.2
39.5
38.6
39.4
37.8
40.6
39.5
39.9
40.7
38.1
15.07
14.00
13.82
15.37
13.44
15.35
15.06
14.01
15.78
13.50
15.55
14.96
14.22
16.18
13.62
610.34
574.00
550.04
624.02
513.41
601.72
594.87
540.79
621.73
510.30
631.33
590.92
567.38
658.53
518.92
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia PMSA
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
42.3
41.4
40.2
44.0
39.6
38.3
40.9
41.9
43.1
42.5
40.9
42.0
41.8
41.9
42.3
41.4
42.1
39.3
43.2
38.7
38.7
39.3
41.5
41.6
40.6
40.6
38.9
41.3
40.0
41.9
40.4
41.5
38.9
42.1
39.1
37.9
39.6
40.4
41.0
40.2
39.9
38.8
43.1
39.6
40.3
14.53
14.65
12.63
14.86
14.41
11.76
14.20
15.62
15.69
15.24
12.87
14.98
12.97
12.03
15.47
14.84
15.34
12.69
15.54
14.97
11.85
14.39
16.08
15.70
15.16
13.20
14.78
12.78
12.62
15.90
14.83
15.14
12.61
15.29
14.97
11.90
14.44
16.12
15.75
15.19
13.05
14.97
13.02
12.52
15.88
614.62
606.51
507.73
653.84
570.64
450.41
580.78
654.48
676.24
647.70
526.38
629.16
542.15
504.06
654.38
614.38
645.81
498.72
671.33
579.34
458.60
565.53
667.32
653.12
615.50
535.92
574.94
527.81
504.80
666.21
599.13
628.31
490.53
643.71
585.33
451.01
571.82
651.25
645.75
610.64
520.70
580.84
561.16
495.79
639.96
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick
40.5
40.9
40.2
41.1
39.7
40.7
12.17
12.29
12.17
12.35
12.13
12.32
492.89
502.66
489.23
507.59
481.56
501.42
See footnotes at end of table.
146
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selected areas — Continued
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly hours
State and area
Average weekly earnings
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
April
2000
March
2001
April
2001P
South Carolina
42.9
42.0
42.0
$10.92
$11.14
$11.16
$468.47
$467.88
$468.72
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
43.1
40.2
44.6
41.9
39.1
45.3
40.9
38.9
43.5
10.70
10.70
11.21
11.08
10.15
11.39
11.17
10.41
11.64
461.17
430.14
499.97
464.25
396.87
515.97
456.85
404.95
506.34
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
40.7
41.3
41.7
40.4
40.4
40.3
39.5
38.7
39.2
40.2
41.2
39.1
38.1
37.3
35.6
39.3
40.4
38.6
12.79
12.08
13.18
12.79
13.37
13.75
13.22
12.65
12.65
13.01
13.93
14.33
13.47
13.01
12.89
13.27
14.38
14.42
520.55
498.90
549.61
516.72
540.15
554.13
522.19
489.56
495.88
523.00
573.92
560.30
513.21
485.27
458.88
521.51
580.95
556.61
Texas
Dallas
Ft. Worth-Arlington
Houston
San Antonio
43.3
41.8
43.2
44.7
44.1
42.9
42.7
42.4
44.4
45.0
42.3
42.2
42.2
43.7
45.0
12.33
12.41
13.40
14.54
10.16
12.54
12.48
13.39
14.54
10.32
12.54
12.44
13.42
14.51
10.33
533.89
518.74
578.88
649.94
448.06
537.97
532.90
567.74
645.58
464.40
530.44
524.97
566.32
634.09
464.85
Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden
39.9
39.4
39.4
37.8
39.0
37.4
13.68
13.39
13.86
13.59
13.92
13.65
545.83
527.57
546.08
513.70
542.88
510.51
Vermont
Burlington
39.8
44.9
39.8
42.7
39.7
42.7
14.18
14.99
14.20
14.79
14.18
14.80
564.36
673.05
565.16
631.53
562.95
631.96
Virginia
Bristol
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Northern Virginia
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
42.6
52.9
40.1
45.1
44.9
39.9
42.5
39.5
41.3
44.2
46.4
39.0
44.6
38.8
40.5
39.6
41.0
42.4
43.9
37.1
42.4
38.2
41.3
38.0
13.72
12.72
11.64
14.19
13.44
14.21
16.42
14.07
14.15
12.77
12.74
14.48
13.52
15.23
17.10
15.48
14.23
12.67
12.40
14.50
13.71
15.12
17.77
15.39
584.47
672.89
466.76
639.97
603.46
566.98
697.85
555.77
584.40
564.43
591.14
564.72
602.99
590.92
692.55
613.01
583.43
537.21
544.36
537.95
581.30
577.58
733.90
584.82
Washington
40.8
40.2
40.0
16.53
17.52
17.44
674.42
704.30
697.60
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
41.9
47.7
42.2
42.1
40.4
40.8
44.5
41.8
40.2
41.9
40.5
46.0
43.1
40.0
41.2
14.46
16.51
14.95
18.51
18.12
14.76
17.27
15.56
18.01
17.65
15.01
17.40
15.72
18.21
17.61
605.87
787.53
630.89
779.27
732.05
602.21
768.52
650.41
724.00
739.54
607.91
800.40
677.53
728.40
725.53
Wisconsin
41.7
44.3
41.2
43.1
44.1
38.7
40.6
39.4
41.4
41.0
42.5
42.5
40.7
42.5
43.3
40.6
42.8
37.9
40.7
39.5
40.2
40.5
40.9
40.1
39.6
37.9
41.8
42.1
41.9
35.5
39.1
38.7
39.1
39.7
40.9
41.0
14.87
16.08
12.65
15.70
19.87
17.49
12.52
14.67
15.49
15.32
14.96
14.69
15.10
16.42
14.60
15.03
20.93
16.42
13.17
14.44
15.60
15.45
14.93
14.81
15.14
16.42
14.40
15.22
21.21
16.56
13.01
14.78
15.58
15.37
15.25
14.89
620.08
712.34
521.18
676.67
876.27
676.86
508.31
578.00
641.29
628.12
635.80
624.33
614.57
697.85
632.18
610.22
895.80
622.32
536.02
570.38
627.12
625.73
610.64
593.88
599.54
622.32
601.92
640.76
888.70
587.88
508.69
571.99
609.18
610.19
623.73
610.49
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
39.3
37.3
37.4
15.82
16.02
16.49
621.73
597.55
616.73
Puerto Rico
41.0
40.6
38.4
9.30
9.68
9.56
381.30
393.01
367.10
Virgin Islands
46.1
23.73
1
Not available.
P = preliminary.
NOTE: All State and area data currently reflect March 2000 benchmark levels. When
1,093.95
more recent benchmark data are introduced with the release of January 2002 estimates,
all unadjusted data from April 2000 are subject to revision.
147
LABOR FORCE DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-1. Labor force status by census region and division, seasonally adjusted1
(Numbers in thousands)
2000
2001
Census region and division
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
NORTHEAST
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
26,204.6 26,226.2 26,249.6 26,253.0 26,293.8 26,360.7 26,412.1 26,481.9 26,525.7 26,588.8 26,582.2 26,571.8 26,599.7
25,189.1 25,209.5 25,234.7 25,256.8 25,283.3 25,354.8 25,411.0 25,472.6 25,526.6 25,615.8 25,584.2 25,571.5 25,553.3
996.2
998.0
1,016.7 1,014.9
1,010.6
1,005.9
999.1
973.0
1,000.3 1,046.4
1,001.1 1,009.3
1,015.5
3.8
3.8
3.9
3.9
3.8
3.8
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.9
3.8
3.9
New England
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
7,164.0
6,956.8
207.2
2.9
7,166.2
6,960.5
205.7
2.9
7,176.2
6,972.1
204.1
2.8
7,183.7
6,984.8
198.9
2.8
7,192.3
6,998.0
194.3
2.7
7,207.6
7,018.6
189.0
2.6
7,227.9
7,046.2
181.8
2.5
7,254.3
7,074.1
180.3
2.5
7,273.2
7,100.8
172.3
2.4
7,293.9
7,120.2
173.8
2.4
7,309.6
7,124.7
184.9
2.5
7,312.7
7,109.1
203.5
2.8
7,329.0
7,107.8
221.2
3.0
Middle Atlantic
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
19,040.6
18,232.4
808.3
4.2
19,060.0 19,073.5 19,069.3 19,101.6 19,153.1 19,184.2 19,227.6
18,249.0 18,262.6 18,272.1 18,285.3 18,336.1 18,364.8 18,398.5
811.0
810.9
797.2
819.4
816.3
817.0
829.1
4.3
4.3
4.2
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
19,252.5 19,294.9 19,272.5 19,259.1 19,270.7
18,425.7 18,495.6 18,459.5 18,462.3 18,445.5
813.0
826.8
799.3
796.8
825.2
4.2
4.3
4.1
4.1
4.3
SOUTH
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
48,751.7 48,882.0 48,957.3 48,993.3 49,105.7 49,200.8 49,358.9 49,526.1 49,634.9 49,867.7 49,914.1 49,946.9 49,963.3
46,816.5 46,927.4 46,997.5 47,082.3 47,177.6 47,283.8 47,449.0 47,611.7 47,752.8 47,931.3 47,966.4 47,909.3 47,883.7
1,959.8
1,935.1
1,954.5
1,911.0 1,928.1 1,917.0 1,909.9 1,914.3
1,882.1
1,947.7 2,037.7 2,079.6
1,936.4
4.0
3.9
3.9
3.8
3.9
4.1
4.0
4.0
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
4.2
South Atlantic
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
25,370.9 25,458.0 25,505.5 25,527.2 25,597.2 25,654.0 25,735.6 25,816.8 25,879.4 26,008.0 26,063.4 26,104.6 26,094.8
24,466.6 24,538.0 24,578.9 24,628.1 24,684.9 24,745.2 24,831.4 24,912.8 24,974.3 25,065.9 25,100.6 25,112.8 25,074.7
920.0
899.1
926.6
912.4
908.8
905.1
962.8
904.3
904.2
904.0
942.1
991.8
1,020.1
3.6
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.5
3.5
3.7
3.6
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.8
3.9
East South Central
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
8,216.5
7,851.5
365.0
4.4
8,234.9
7,866.6
368.3
4.5
8,247.6
7,877.8
369.8
4.5
8,260.6
7,898.5
362.1
4.4
8,265.0
7,901.4
363.5
4.4
8,277.9
7,912.4
365.4
4.4
8,305.8
7,936.9
368.9
4.4
8,330.6
7,957.9
372.7
4.5
8,344.6
7,975.1
369.6
4.4
8,378.7
8,005.8
372.9
4.5
8,371.8
7,998.0
373.8
4.5
8,362.7
7,972.8
389.9
4.7
8,366.7
7,977.1
389.6
47
West South Central
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
15,164.2 15,189.0 15,204.1 15,205.4 15,243.5 15,269.0 15,317.5 15,378.6 15,410.8
14,498.4 14,522.8 14,540.7 14,555.7 14,591.3 14,626.2 14,680.7 14,741.0 14,803.4
666.2
663.4
649.7
665.8
652.2
642.8
637.7
636.8
607.4
4.4
4.4
4.3
4.1
4.4
4.3
4.2
4.2
3.9
See footnotes at end of table.
148
15,481.0 15,478.8 15,479.6 15,501.8
14,859.6 14,867.7 14,823.6 14,831.9
621.4
611.1
656.0
669.9
4.0
3.9
4.2
4.3
LABOR FORCE DATA
REGIONS AND DIVISIONS
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-1. Labor force status by census region and division, seasonally adjusted1 — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
2000
2001
Census region and division
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
MIDWEST
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
33,575.7 33,612.0 33,671.1 33,707.9 33,763.3 33,822.4 33,907.5 34,000.7 34,058.4 34,208.1 34,254.5 34,257.1 34,248.0
32,346.1 32,371.9 32,415.2 32,458.1 32,506.5 32,584.2 32,686.5 32,763.3 32,820.6 32,877.0 32,899.2 32,875.9 32,839.6
1,229.6
3.7
1,240.1
3.7
1,255.9
3.7
1,249.8
3.7
1,256.8
3.7
1,238.3
3.7
1,221.0
3.6
1,237.4
3.6
1,237.9
3.6
1,331.1
3.9
1,355.3
4.0
1,381.2
4.0
1,408.3
4.1
East North Central
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
23,346.8 23,366.4 23,395.6 23,415.8 23,439.4 23,464.5 23,509.2 23,558.1 23,604.2 23,699.2 23,720.5 23,726.9 23,711.0
22,444.9 22,458.5 22,475.1 22,498.0 22,519.6 22,565.7 22,624.5 22,653.9 22,685.1 22,697.1 22,712.0 22,698.5 22,674.4
884.7
919.1 1,002.1 1,008.5 1,028.4 1,036.5
904.2
917.8
919.8
898.9
920.5
901.9
907.8
3.9
4.2
3.8
3.9
3.9
3.8
3.8
3.9
4.3
4.4
4.3
3.9
3.9
West North Central
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
10,228.9
9,901.2
327.7
3.2
10,245.6 10,275.5 10,292.1 10,323.8 10,357.9 10,398.4 10,442.6 10,454.3 10,508.8 10,534.1 10,530.2 10,537.0
9,913.4 9,940.1 9,960.2 9,986.8 10,018.5 10,062.0 10,109.4 10,135.5 10,179.9 10,187.2 10,177.5 10,165.2
331.9
337.0
339.4
332.2
335.4
333.2
336.3
352.8
371.8
318.8
346.8
329.0
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.5
3.0
3.3
3.1
WEST
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
31,624.7 31,699.1 31,813.9 31,824.4 31,900.9 31,955.0 32,032.6 32,121.3 32,171.9 32,205.2 32,264.3 32,333.6 32,397.3
30,147.6 30,208.8 30,309.9 30,333.8 30,420.1 30,492.3 30,573.3 30,667.8 30,747.7 30,790.9 30,825.9 30,837.1 30,865.4
1,477.1 1,490.3 1,503.9 1,490.6 1,480.7 1,462.7 1,459.3 1,453.5 1,424.2 1,414.3 1,438.3 1,496.5 1,531.9
4.7
4.6
4.6
4.7
4.7
4.7
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.6
4.4
4.5
4.4
Mountain
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
8,873.5
8,540.4
333.1
3.8
8,895.0
8,563.3
331.7
3.7
8,912.9
8,579.9
333.1
3.7
8,938.5
8,605.5
333.0
3.7
8,964.2
8,630.5
333.7
3.7
9,001.9
8,666.9
335.0
3.7
9,040.7
8,703.4
337.3
3.7
9,084.2
8,744.0
340.2
3.7
9,119.0
8,784.1
334.9
3.7
9,143.2
8,803.7
339.4
3.7
9,163.0
8,810.5
352.5
3.8
9,179.2
8,810.1
369.1
4.0
9,203.3
8,827.8
375.5
4.1
Pacific
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
22,751.2 22,804.1 22,900.9 22,885.9 22,936.6 22,953.2 22,991.9 23,037.1 23,052.9 23,062.0 23,101.3 23,154.5 23,194.0
21,607.1 21,645.5 21,730.1 21,728.3 21,789.6 21,825.4 21,869.9 21,923.8 21,963.7 21,987.2 22,015.4 22,027.1 22,037.7
1,170.9 1,157.6 1,147.0 1,127.8 1,122.0 1,113.3 1,089.3 1,074.8
1,144.0 1,158.6
1,085.8 1,127.4 1,156.3
5.1
5.1
4.9
5.0
5.1
4.7
5.0
4.9
4.7
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0
P = preliminary.
1
These estimates are obtained from summing offical State estimates produced
and published through the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program.
NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that compose the various
census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York,
and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South
Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central:
Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana,
Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota,
Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona,
Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific:
Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
149
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
2001
2000
State
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
2,152.8
2,055.1
97.6
4.5
2,157.7
2,058.7
99.0
4.6
2,160.7
2,061.7
99.0
4.6
2,168.5
2,068.5
100.0
4.6
2,172.0
2,072.9
99.1
4.6
2,175.2
2,076.4
98.8
4.5
2,188.5
2,080.9
107.6
4.9
2,191.0
2,082.3
108.7
5.0
2,187.9
2,069.8
118.1
5.4
2,188.8
2,073.1
115.7
5.3
321.1
299.4
21.7
6.8
321.0
300.1
20.9
6.5
322.0
301.1
20.9
6.5
323.3
302.3
21.0
6.5
324.0
303.5
20.5
6.3
325.0
305.0
20.1
6.2
326.1
306.7
19.4
5.9
326.9
307.0
19.9
6.1
327.4
308.4
19.0
5.8
327.8
308.8
19.0
5.8
327.9
308.8
19.1
5.8
2,329.1
2,237.2
91.8
3.9
2,330.9
2,238.4
92.6
4.0
2,335.6
2,245.5
90.1
3.9
2,342.5
2,252.7
89.8
3.8
2,353.5
2,265.5
88.0
3.7
2,367.1
2,278.3
88.8
3.8
2,380.4
2,292.4
88.0
3.7
2,399.5
2,311.7
87.8
3.7
2,410.5
2,316.8
93.6
3.9
2,424.8
2,325.3
99.5
4.1
2,438.4
2,331.9
106.5
4.4
2,443.7
2,337.9
105.8
4.3
1,226.7
1,170.2
56.4
4.6
1,229.5
1,173.4
56.1
4.6
1,232.3
1,176.5
55.8
4.5
1,234.4
1,178.9
55.5
4.5
1,238.5
1,183.8
54.6
4.4
1,241.0
1,188.5
52.5
4.2
1,247.7
1,195.9
51.8
4.1
1,256.7
1,203.8
52.9
4.2
1,263.1
1,211.7
51.4
4.1
1,264.6
1,210.3
54.3
4.3
1,269.0
1,212.7
56.3
4.4
1,264.1
1,211.6
52.5
4.2
1.267.4
1.210.7
56.7
4.5
17,002.3
16,155.2
847.1
5.0
17,055.2
16,194.0
861.2
5.0
17,139.3
16,262.8
876.5
5.1
17,128.4
16,265.3
863.1
5.0
17,168.9
16,316.9
852.0
5.0
17,182.7
16,341.9
840.8
4.9
17,213.3
16,378.4
834.9
4.9
17,245.7
16,412.7
833.1
4.8
17,251.0
16.435.5
815.5
4.7
17,263.1
16,467.3
795.8
4.6
17,277.5
16,497.5
780.0
4.5
17,331.1
16,512.7
818.4
4.7
17.368.2
16,534.2
834.0
4.8
2,255.2
2,191.5
63.7
2.8
2,257.6
2,195.9
61.7
2.7
2,266.8
2,203.0
63.8
2.8
2,271.0
2,207.2
63.9
2.8
2,276.2
2,212.8
63.3
2.8
2,287.6
2,225.3
62.3
2.7
2.299.7
2.238.6
61.1
2.7
2,315.7
2,254.5
61.2
2.6
2,325.7
2,266.9
58.7
2.5
2,330.8
2,273.0
57.8
2.5
2,334.5
2,271.5
63.0
2.7
2,325.2
2,258.6
66.6
2.9
2,331.2
2,268.5
62.7
2.7
1,746.2
1,706.0
40.2
2.3
1,751.3
1,710.5
40.9
2.3
1,753.0
1,713.1
40.0
2.3
1,753.3
1.715.2
38.2
2.2
1,752.9
1,715.1
37.8
2.2
1,750.4
1,713.5
37.0
2.1
1,748.2
1,712.8
35.4
2.0
1,743.8
1,709.6
34.2
2.0
1,738.4
1,704.4
33.9
2.0
1,735.6
1,702.9
32.7
1.9
1,730.1
1,697.0
33.1
1.9
1,724.8
1,692.0
32.9
1.9
1,727.2
1,689.4
37.8
2.2
405.7
389.4
16.3
4.0
407.5
391.0
16.4
4.0
409.1
392.4
16.6
4.1
411.1
394.4
16.7
4.1
412.5
395.4
17.1
4.2
413.2
396.6
16.6
4.0
414.2
398.1
16.0
3.9
415.2
399.4
15.8
3.8
416.0
400.0
16.0
3.9
417.8
400.6
17.2
4.1
416.7
401.6
15.1
3.6
417.0
403.2
13.7
3.3
414.2
400.4
13.8
3.3
278.9
263.2
15.8
5.6
277.9
262.3
15.6
5.6
277.1
262.0
15.1
5.4
276.8
261.0
15.7
5.7
278.6
262.5
16.1
5.8
279.4
262.7
16.6
6.0
279.5
262.6
16.9
6.0
279.9
262.9
16.9
6.1
279.0
261.9
17.1
6.1
283.2
265.9
17.3
6.1
280.9
264.7
16.2
5.8
278.4
261.5
16.9
6.1
275.6
262.8
12.8
4.6
7,431.8
7.163.2
268.6
3.6
7,452.9
7,185.0
268.0
3.6
7,470.7
7,200.6
270.0
3.6
7.478.5
7,219.3
259.2
3.5
7,503.8
7,238.2
265.7
3.5
7,531.8
7,263.2
268.6
3.6
7,564.7
7,293.5
271.2
3.6
7,598.7
7.324.9
273.8
3.6
7,632.3
7,355.9
276.4
3.6
7,673.3
7,383.8
289.5
3.8
7,711.2
7,418.2
293.0
3.8
7,745.2
7,449.0
296.2
3.8
7,734.7
7.435.9
298.8
3.9
Apr.
May
June
2.141.7
2,043.5
98.2
4.6
2,147.0
2,049.4
97.6
4.5
2,148.8
2,052.1
96.7
4.5
320.3
298.2
22.1
6.9
320.4
298.5
21.8
6.8
2,325.0
2,233.3
91.7
3.9
July
Alabama
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Alaska
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Arizona
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Arkansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
California
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Colorado
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Connecticut
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Delaware
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
District of Columbia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
150
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
2001
2000
State
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
4,181.2
4,026.4
154.8
3.7
4,186.6
4,033.0
153.6
3.7
4,186.9
4,036.9
150.0
3.6
4,194.3
4.047.2
147.1
3.5
4,195.2
4,052.9
142.4
3.4
4,195.3
4,056.6
138.7
3.3
4,219.5
4,066.3
153.2
3.6
4,207.2
4,056.5
150.7
3.6
4,212.7
4,054.4
158.3
3.8
4,220.5
4,054.7
165.8
3.9
595.4
571.2
24.1
4.1
595.0
570.9
24.1
4.1
593.9
569.3
24.5
4.1
596.2
571.6
24.5
4.1
596.8
572.4
24.4
4.1
597.3
573.0
24.3
4.1
597.7
572.5
25.2
4.2
599.1
574.5
24.6
4.1
603.0
576.5
26.5
4.4
602.8
576.8
26.0
4.3
608.6
576.8
31.8
5.2
655.4
623.7
31.7
4.8
656.2
624.4
31.8
4.8
658.0
626.1
32.0
4.9
659.6
628.0
31.7
4.8
661.5
629.5
32.0
4.8
663.3
631.4
31.9
4.8
665.3
633.1
32.2
4.8
667.2
635.1
32.0
4.8
667.7
637.8
29.9
4.5
668.2
637.8
30.4
4.5
672.9
642.4
30.5
4.5
679.6
646.0
33.7
5.0
6,440.5
6,164.7
275.9
4.3
6,436.8
6,161.7
275.1
4.3
6,434.2
6,156.9
277.3
4.3
6,416.4
6,140.6
275.8
4.3
6,418.9
6,139.1
279.8
4.4
6,414.2
6,134.6
279.6
4.4
6,404.2
6.129.5
274.7
4.3
6,388.7
6,098.2
290.5
4.5
6,366.3
6,068.5
297.7
4.7
6,378.5
6,074.2
304.2
4.8
6,417.5
6,100.9
316.6
4.9
6,422.4
6,078.7
343.7
5.4
6,418.6
6,072.3
346.3
5.4
3,078.2
2.967.5
110.7
3.6
3,080.4
2,973.3
107.1
3.5
3,076.6
2,968.8
107.8
3.5
3,090.1
2,982.6
107.5
3.5
3,087.6
2,990.0
97.6
3.2
3,079.9
2,995.6
84.4
2.7
3,085.3
3,000.4
85.0
2.8
3,093.3
3,007.5
85.9
2.8
3,101.1
3,014.6
86.5
2.8
3,120.9
3,021.3
99.6
3.2
3,081.6
2,990.1
91.5
3.0
3,103.7
3,004.9
98.8
3.2
3,098.2
3,009.5
88.8
2.9
1,559.9
1,518.9
41.0
2.6
1,557.9
1,516.8
41.1
2.6
1,557.2
1,515.4
41.7
2.7
1,559.2
1,518.4
40.8
2.6
1,559.7
1,519.4
40.3
2.6
1,560.6
1,520.5
40.1
2.6
1,564.1
1,524.3
39.9
2.5
1,570.3
1,529.8
40.6
2.6
1,567.7
1,528.1
39.5
2.5
1,579.6
1,539.1
40.5
2.6
1,580.3
1,538.7
41.6
2.6
1,581.3
1,537.0
44.3
2.8
1,575.9
1,533.0
42.9
2.7
1,398.3
1,345.3
53.0
3.8
1,399.5
1,345.6
53.9
3.9
1,401.3
1,346.8
54.4
3.9
1,402.1
1,347.5
54.6
3.9
1,407.2
1,352.5
54.7
3.9
1,413.2
1,359.2
54.0
3.8
1,424.2
1,370.4
53.7
3.8
1,436.7
1,383.8
53.0
3.7
1,447.9
1.397.3
50.6
3.5
1,453.1
1,400.0
53.1
3.7
1,452.0
1,397.2
54.8
3.8
1.450.0
1,396.7
53.3
3.7
1,448.3
1,397.1
51.2
3.5
1,974.3
1,893.0
81.3
4.1
1,976.8
1,895.3
81.5
4.1
1,979.0
1,897.2
81.8
4.1
1,983.4
1,901.4
82.0
4.1
1,981.5
1,900.2
81.3
4.1
1,983.8
1,902.2
81.6
4.1
1,986.6
1,904.5
82.1
4.1
1,989.7
1,908.5
81.2
4.1
1.990.8
1,910.3
80.5
4.0
2,006.9
1.923.7
83.2
4.1
2,000.3
1,920.0
80.3
4.0
2,001.7
1,917.9
83.8
4.2
1,997.6
1,911.3
86.2
4.3
2,029.4
1,921.7
107.7
5.3
2,030.0
1,917.9
112.2
5.5
2,023.7
1.911.6
112.1
5.5
2,021.7
1,911.3
110.4
5.5
2.019.2
1.908.1
111.1
5.5
2,016.5
1.903.7
112.8
5.6
2,029.5
1,913.5
116.0
5.7
2,043.2
1,920.4
122.8
6.0
2.047.0
1.928.2
118.8
5.8
2,068.0
1,948.3
119.6
5.8
2,055.7
1,941.1
114.7
5.6
2,043.4
1,927.9
115.4
5.6
2,041.8
1,931.4
110.4
5.4
689.7
663.1
26.5
3.8
690.0
664.1
26.0
3.8
689.4
664.3
25.1
3.6
688.3
665.0
23.2
3.4
688.0
665.1
22.9
3.3
689.2
666.4
22.8
3.3
688.9
667.6
21.3
3.1
689.0
668.7
20.3
2.9
688.5
669.6
18.9
2.7
694.1
677.3
16.8
2.4
696.3
677.7
18.6
2.7
694.0
677.5
16.4
2.4
693.8
672.0
21.8
3.1
May
June
4,158.2
3,997.9
160.2
3.9
4,172.3
4,011.3
160.9
3.9
4,177.6
4,015.1
162.5
3.9
594.7
568.5
26.2
4.4
595.3
569.7
25.6
4.3
653.9
622.1
31.8
4.9
Apr.
July
Georgia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Hawaii
Civilian labor force . . . .
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Idaho
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Illinois
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Indiana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Iowa
Civilian labor force
Employed ....
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Kansas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Kentucky
Civilian labor force
Employed ..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Louisiana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Maine
Civilian labor force
Employed .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
151
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
2000
2001
State
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
Maryland
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
2,778.0
2,670.2
107.9
3.9
2,784.4
2,674.0
110.5
4.0
2,791.9
2,680.1
111.8
4.0
2,794.7
2,684.3
110.4
4.0
2,803.6
2,692.2
111.4
4.0
2,824.4
2,712.7
111.7
4.0
2,842.1
2,730.6
111.5
3.9
2,857.1
2,747.6
109.5
3.8
2,874.3
2,767.1
107.2
3.7
2.872.6
2,769.6
103.1
3.6
2,893.1
2,787.1
106.0
3.7
2,890.8
2,787.6
103.2
3.6
2,882.0
2,776.9
105.1
3.6
3,211.1
3,122.6
88.4
2.8
3.208.8
3,122.4
86.4
2.7
3,215.0
3,128.1
86.9
2.7
3,222.7
3,136.3
86.3
2.7
3,229.5
3,146.0
83.5
2.6
3,243.5
3,161.8
81.7
2.5
3,261.8
3,182.0
79.8
2.4
3,285.8
3,203.9
81.9
2.5
3,302.3
3,225.9
76.5
2.3
3,313.9
3,232.3
81.6
2.5
3,328.0
3,237.5
90.6
2.7
3.339.8
3.234.2
105.7
3.2
3,346.3
3,238.5
107.8
3.2
5,190.7
5,014.1
176.6
3.4
5,195.1
5,014.0
181.0
3.5
5,205.2
5,020.6
184.6
3.5
5,208.0
5,019.0
189.0
3.6
5,207.6
5,012.4
195.2
3.7
5,206.3
5,012.5
193.8
3.7
5,219.3
5,025.4
193.9
3.7
5,224.5
5,027.6
196.9
3.8
5,223.3
5,025.2
198.1
3.8
5,234.8
4,999.5
235.3
4.5
5,256.1
5,011.1
245.0
4.7
5,249.0
5,000.9
248.2
4.7
5,237.4
4,996.5
240.9
4.6
2,713.0
2,624.0
89.0
3.3
2,717.3
2,628.0
89.3
3.3
2,727.5
2,636.6
90.9
3.3
2,734.5
2,644.2
90.2
3.3
2,744.8
2,653.4
91.4
3.3
2,755.3
2,664.8
90.5
3.3
2,766.0
2.677.5
88.5
3.2
2,783.2
2,693.7
89.4
3.2
2,793.7
2.708.4
85.3
3.1
2,798.1
2,711.9
86.2
3.1
2,814.3
2,724.7
89.6
3.2
2,817.6
2.720.8
96.8
3.4
2,833.7
2,722.8
110.9
3.9
1,329.0
1,250.5
78.5
5.9
1,335.1
1,255.3
79.8
6.0
1,339.9
1,257.7
82.2
6.1
1,338.0
1,261.6
76.4
5.7
1,329.6
1,257.2
72.4
5.4
1,324.6
1,254.0
70.6
5.3
1,326.3
1,254.7
71.7
5.4
1,324.9
1,251.3
73.6
5.6
1,313.7
1,246.4
67.3
5.1
1,310.7
1,251.3
59.5
4.5
1,315.3
1,248.2
67.1
5.1
1.315.0
1.243.4
71.6
5.4
1,308.3
1,243.1
65.1
5.0
2,906.0
2,809.2
96.8
3.3
2,915.3
2,815.2
100.1
3.4
2,928.6
2,828.3
100.3
3.4
2,932.9
2,833.6
99.3
3.4
2,943.3
2,840.1
103.2
3.5
2,957.4
2,848.2
109.2
3.7
2,966.3
2,857.0
109.3
3.7
2,965.6
2,861.6
104.1
3.5
2,954.4
2,854.9
99.5
3.4
2,985.2
2,875.4
109.8
3.7
2,990.8
2,874.6
116.2
3.9
2,982.1
2,870.3
111.8
3.8
2,981.6
2,862.3
119.3
4.0
478.4
454.4
24.0
5.0
479.4
455.3
24.0
5.0
479.5
455.6
23.9
5.0
479.5
455.6
23.9
5.0
479.6
456.0
23.6
4.9
479.6
456.2
23.4
4.9
479.5
456.7
22.8
4.7
479.9
457.3
22.6
4.7
479.2
457.7
21.5
4.5
478.3
456.5
21.7
4.5
474.3
453.5
20.8
4.4
473.0
451.9
21.2
4.5
474.5
452.0
22.5
4.7
914.3
885.8
28.4
3.1
917.0
888.6
28.4
3.1
921.5
892.8
28.7
3.1
923.5
895.4
28.1
3.0
927.5
899.7
27.8
3.0
929.7
902.5
27.2
2.9
935.4
908.3
27.1
2.9
942.0
914.6
27.4
2.9
946.1
920.1
26.0
2.8
947.5
923.5
24.0
2.5
949.5
922.4
27.1
2.9
951.1
921.8
29.3
3.1
949.3
921.1
28.2
3.0
974.2
936.3
37.9
3.9
979.9
942.7
37.2
3.8
983.3
945.8
37.5
3.8
987.6
949.9
37.7
3.8
991.7
953.6
38.1
3.8
998.8
957.8
41.0
4.1
1,002.9
959.9
43.0
4.3
1,007.0
962.3
44.7
4.4
1,008.0
963.9
44.1
4.4
1,013.5
970.4
43.0
4.2
1,016.1
971.0
45.0
4.4
1,016.5
969.7
46.8
4.6
1,017.5
967.5
50.0
4.9
683.4
662.3
21.0
3.1
684.8
663.7
21.1
3.1
686.6
665.5
21.2
3.1
687.2
666.7
20.5
3.0
687.0
667.5
19.6
2.9
687.6
669.6
18.0
2.6
688.6
671.7
16.8
2.4
690.6
675.0
15.5
2.3
693.3
677.7
15.7
2.3
696.4
681.9
14.4
2.1
697.9
683.2
14.7
2.1
699.8
681.8
18.0
2.6
702.7
682.3
20.4
2.9
Massachusetts
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Michigan
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Minnesota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Mississippi
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Missouri
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Montana
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Nebraska
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Nevada
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Hampshire
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
152
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
2000
2001
State
Aug.
Sept.
4,166.9
4,013.6
153.4
3.7
4,182.7
4,023.9
158.8
3.8
829.3
792.0
37.4
4.5
835.0
795.5
39.5
4.7
8,935.9
8,526.1
409.8
4.6
8,937.1
8,533.0
404.1
4.5
3,941.5
3,807.3
134.2
3.4
3,953.4
3,812.8
140.6
3.6
337.5
327.0
10.5
3.1
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
4,197.9
4,037.6
160.3
3.8
4,214.4
4,053.9
160.5
3.8
4,234.0
4,071.4
162.7
3.8
4,252.3
4,091.6
160.6
3.8
4,250.9
4,097.8
153.1
3.6
4,249.2
4,095.3
153.8
3.6
4,241.6
4,080.1
161.6
3.8
4,242.2
4,064.5
177.6
4.2
839.3
798.1
41.2
4.9
842.3
800.0
42.3
5.0
844.6
800.9
43.7
5.2
846.2
801.7
44.5
5.3
846.2
801.4
44.8
5.3
844.1
799.8
44.3
5.2
844.9
798.5
46.5
5.5
850.8
804.4
46.4
5.5
854.3
806.7
47.6
5.6
8,937.8
8,541.9
395.9
4.4
8,948.1
8,541.6
406.4
4.5
8,972.3
8,567.6
404.7
4.5
8,976.5
8,573.4
403.0
4.5
8,991.5
8,584.7
406.8
4.5
8,992.8
8,589.0
403.7
4.5
8,974.3
8,593.6
380.7
4.2
8,956.8
8,575.3
381.5
4.3
8,927.2
8,568.3
358.9
4.0
8,957.6
8,573.6
383.9
4.3
3,964.8
3,819.6
145.2
3.7
3,958.0
3,816.5
141.5
3.6
3,972.2
3,822.9
149.3
3.8
3,972.3
3,822.9
149.4
3.8
3,981.2
3,827.6
153.6
3.9
3,983.9
3,829.3
154.6
3.9
3,984.4
3,828.7
155.7
3.9
4,008 2
3,839.9
168.2
4.2
4,017.8
3,840.7
177.1
4.4
4,007.1
3,827.2
179.9
4.5
4,013.9
3,819.0
194.9
4.9
337.6
327.6
10.0
3.0
338.6
328.3
10.3
3.0
338.9
328.9
10.0
2.9
340.2
329.5
10.7
3.1
339.6
330.3
9.3
2.8
339.7
331.0
8.7
2.6
341.0
331.5
9.5
2.8
341.1
332.3
8.9
2.6
341.9
333.9
8.0
2.3
342.5
333.7
8.8
2.6
342.5
334.5
8.1
2.4
342.8
333.7
9.1
2.6
5,738.4
5,505.0
233.3
4.1
5,746.9
5,509.9
237.0
4.1
5,755.6
5,517.1
238.5
4.1
5,769.0
5,532.5
236.5
4.1
5,778.5
5,539.4
239.1
4.1
5,804.6
5,568.6
236.0
4.1
5,826.1
5,593.4
232.7
4.0
5,851.6
5,620.4
231.2
4.0
5,888.7
5,654.1
234.5
4.0
5,917.1
5,669.8
247.3
4.2
5,901.6
5,678.4
223.2
3.8
5,892.3
5,681.5
210.8
3.6
5,903.9
5,672.0
231.9
3.9
1,646.8
1,595.3
51.5
3.1
1,646.6
1,595.2
51.4
3.1
1,646.7
1,595.4
51.4
3.1
1,646.8
1,596.2
50.5
3.1
1,649.3
1,598.4
50.9
3.1
1,649.9
1,599.9
50.0
3.0
1,648.7
1,600.0
48.6
2.9
1,649.8
1,601.7
48.1
2.9
1,651.4
1,605.0
46.4
2.8
1,650.2
1,606.4
43.9
2.7
1,653.9
1,608.4
45.5
2.8
1,648.3
1,597.5
50.8
3.1
1,649.5
1,602.2
47.3
2.9
1,808.5
1,718.3
90.2
5.0
1,807.4
1,716.0
91.4
5.1
1,806.9
1,717.8
89.1
4.9
1,808.2
1,720.2
88.0
4.9
1,814.4
1,725.5
89.0
4.9
1,806.3
1,720.9
85.4
4.7
1,800.0
1,715.4
84.6
4.7
1,793.5
1,714.6
78.9
4.4
1,788.0
1,712.4
75.6
4.2
1,795.4
1,715.8
79.6
4.4
1,793.2
1,704.9
88.2
4.9
1,784.5
1,701.1
83.5
4.7
1,792.1
1,698.7
93.4
5.2
5,952.4
5,709.1
243.3
4.1
5,955.7
5,709.7
246.0
4.1
5,967.3
5,714.9
252.4
4.2
5,964.5
5,716.6
247.9
4.2
5,970.8
5,719.8
251.0
4.2
5,982.9
5,730.9
252.0
4.2
5,993.3
5,737.4
255.8
4.3
6,002.0
5,742.4
259.7
4.3
6,007.5
5,745.1
262.4
4.4
6,069.7
5,804.2
265.4
4.4
6,066.5
5,788.9
277.7
4.6
6,090.2
5,814.0
276.3
4.5
6,071.0
5,807.4
263.7
4.3
506.4
485.1
21.3
4.2
503.6
481.9
21.7
4.3
503.3
482.0
21.3
4.2
504.1
483.2
20.9
4.2
504.0
482.9
21.0
4.2
503.4
483.9
19.5
3.9
505.1
486.2
18.9
3.7
506.5
487.6
18.9
3.7
507.7
489.4
18.3
3.6
510.3
491.4
18.9
3.7
513.8
495.5
18.3
3.6
511.5
491.0
20.5
4.0
514.3
491.7
22.7
4.4
1,972.6
1,894.2
78.4
4.0
1,983.1
1,901.4
81.7
4.1
1,984.6
1,905.5
79.1
4.0
1,989.2
1,912.6
76.6
3.9
1,992.5
1,915.8
76.7
3.9
1,989.1
1,918.1
71.1
3.6
1,989.8
1,926.1
63.7
3.2
2,005.3
1,938.3
67.0
3.3
2,008.6
1,937.0
71.6
3.6
2,016.3
1,944.6
71.7
3.6
2,019.0
1,943.6
75.4
3.7
2,023.6
1,935.3
88.3
4.4
2,017.3
1,929.9
87.4
4.3
Apr.
May
June
4,166.2
4,012.7
153.5
3.7
4,168.5
4,013.3
155.2
3.7
4,169.1
4,014.7
154.4
3.7
826.0
787.6
38.3
4.6
829.9
791.0
39.0
4.7
8,922.1
8,510.6
411.5
4.6
July
New Jersey
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Mexico
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New York
Civilian labor force
Employed. .
.
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
North Carolina
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
North Dakota
Civilian labor force .
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Ohio
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Oklahoma
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Oregon
Civilian labor force
Employed .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Pennsylvania
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Rhode Island
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
South Carolina
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
153
STATE LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
2000
2001
State
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.P
South Dakota
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
400.1
391.0
9.1
2.3
400.9
391.5
9.4
2.4
400.9
391.8
9.1
2.3
401.0
392.0
9.0
2.2
401.2
392.3
8.9
2.2
402.1
393.0
9.1
2.3
402.8
393.6
9.2
2.3
403.7
394.5
9.2
2.3
403.3
394.4
8.9
2.2
403.5
396.1
7.5
1.8
404.7
395.9
8.8
2.2
405.6
396.5
9.1
2.2
405.3
395.2
10.2
2.5
2,771.5
2,664.5
107.0
3.9
2,775.9
2,666.6
109.3
3.9
2,779.9
2,670.8
109.1
3.9
2.786.5
2,680.4
106.1
3.8
2,796.1
2,685.3
110.8
4.0
2,808.8
2,694.5
114.3
4.1
2,824.3
2.709.2
115.1
4.1
2.844.1
2,725.2
118.9
4.2
2,864.9
2.742.0
122.9
4.3
2,872.7
2,750.0
122.7
4.3
2,865.1
2,747.5
117.6
4.1
2,858.1
2,741.7
116.4
4.1
2,872.1
2,749.5
122.6
4.3
10,261.4
9,811.2
450.2
4.4
10,282.9
9,836.3
446.6
4.3
10,301.4
9,857.2
444.1
4.3
10,302.6
9,869.2
433.4
4.2
10,336.5
9,901.0
435.5
4.2
10.361.6
9.934.2
427.4
4.1
10,391.7
9.971.2
420.4
4.0
10,429.0
10,015.1
413.9
4.0
10,449.2
10,058.5
390.7
3.7
10,498.1
10,094.6
403.5
3.8
10,500.2
10,105.5
394.6
3.8
10,523.8
10.086.5
437.3
4.2
10,543.1
10,087.6
455.5
4.3
1,093.9
1,058.7
35.3
3.2
1,096.3
1,060.6
35.6
3.2
1,099.3
1,063.6
35.7
3.2
1,103.8
1,068.4
35.4
3.2
1,107.0
1,071.6
35.4
3.2
1,111.2
1.075.9
35.3
3.2
1,116.4
1,080.7
35.8
3.2
1,122.2
1.085.8
36.4
3.2
1,127.0
1,090.8
36.2
3.2
1,132.0
1,091.8
40.2
3.6
1,133.8
1.095.3
38.5
3.4
1,136.0
1,094.0
42.0
3.7
1,135.5
1.091.4
44.1
3.9
327.3
317.7
9.7
3.0
327.6
318.0
9.7
3.0
328.7
319.1
9.6
2.9
328.1
318.3
9.8
3.0
330.9
321.3
9.6
2.9
333.4
323.5
9.9
3.0
335.4
325.9
9.5
2.8
338.7
329.2
9.5
2.8
343.0
333.8
9.2
2.7
343.7
334.4
9.3
2.7
343.5
333.9
9.7
2.8
342.7
332.6
10.1
3.0
344.6
333.9
10.7
3.1
3,576.3
3,498.2
78.1
2.2
3,589.4
3,509.6
79.8
2.2
3,601.4
3,521.6
79.8
2.2
3,611.6
3,532.7
78.9
2.2
3,624.9
3,546.5
78.4
2.2
3.635.6
3,556.0
79.6
2.2
3,650.5
3,571.7
78.8
2.2
3,662.9
3,584.8
78.1
2.1
3,677.1
3,599.9
77.3
2.1
3,703.3
3,625.9
77.4
2.1
3,703.2
3,617.9
85.3
2.3
3.716.3
3,622.6
93.7
2.5
3,725.5
3,625.6
99.9
2.7
3,025.4
2,866.9
158.4
5.2
3,025.7
2,867.2
158.6
5.2
3,038.4
2,879.0
159.4
5.2
3,033.3
2,871.8
161.5
5.3
3,037.4
2.876.8
160.6
5.3
3,044.7
2,888.7
156.1
5.1
3,057.8
2,900.2
157.6
5.2
3,075.6
2,918.7
156.9
5.1
3,090.2
2.936.6
153.5
5.0
3,077.4
2,922.6
154.8
5.0
3,100.2
2,928.0
172.1
5.6
3.108.3
2,927.8
180.5
5.8
3,097.2
2,919.1
178.1
5.8
827.9
783.0
45.0
5.4
837.2
790.7
46.5
5.6
828.4
781.9
46.5
5.6
826.1
780.9
45.2
5.5
822.4
778.4
43.9
5.3
821.3
776.2
45.1
5.5
819.3
773.9
45.4
5.5
818.7
772.7
45.9
5.6
812.3
767.3
45.0
5.5
813.8
769.3
44.5
5.5
814.4
770.4
44.0
5.4
813.6
772.0
41.6
5.1
811.0
769.5
41.5
5.1
2,898.9
2,793.7
105.3
3.6
2,907.2
2,799.7
107.5
3.7
2,923.9
2,811.7
112.2
3.8
2,932.4
2,823.3
109.1
3.7
2,946.8
2,838.7
108.1
3.7
2,959.4
2,854.3
105.1
3.6
2,974.2
2,875.8
98.4
3.3
2,999.9
2,900.2
99.7
3.3
3,024.9
2,922.6
102.3
3.4
3,047.8
2,932.2
115.7
3.8
3,063.7
2,931.4
132.2
4.3
3,059.5
2,932.5
127.0
4.1
3,052.9
2,924.2
128.7
4.2
266.9
256.6
10.3
3.9
267.5
256.9
10.6
4.0
267.6
257.2
10.4
3.9
268.0
257.4
10.5
3.9
268.3
257.7
10.6
3.9
267.3
256.7
10.6
4.0
267.1
256.9
10.3
3.8
267.3
256.9
10.4
3.9
266.2
256.5
9.8
3.7
266.3
257.5
8.8
3.3
266.4
257.7
8.7
3.3
266.3
257.2
9.1
3.4
267.0
258.0
9.1
3.4
1,305.9
1,169.6
136.2
10.4
1,335.7
1.197.2
138.5
10.4
1,304.5
1,175.1
129.4
9.9
1,311.3
1,182.4
128.8
9.8
1,309.1
1,168.3
140.8
10.8
1,302.0
1,179.6
122.4
9.4
1,291.1
1,169.3
121.9
9.4
1,292.8
1,173.2
119.6
9.3
1,297.4
1,166.8
130.6
10.1
1,275.6
1,150.4
125.2
9.8
1,293.2
1,145.4
147.8
11.4
1,273.4
1,135.0
138.4
10.9
1,292.4
1,141.3
151.1
11.7
Tennessee
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texas
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Utah
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Vermont
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Washington
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
West Virginia
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Wisconsin
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Wyoming
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Puerto Rico
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a
monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. All estimates are
provisional and will be revised when new benchmark and population information
becomes available.
154
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and metropolitan area
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of labor force
Number
State and area
2000
2001
April
March
April
March
2000
2001P
2000
2001
2000
April
March
2001P
2000
2001
2000
2001P
2,129.2
53.6
49.8
468.2
72.7
65.9
66.1
49.0
173.2
268.3
162.5
84.2
2,175.0
52.9
49.9
480.0
74.8
66.9
67.6
49.7
179.0
277.5
165.7
84.3
2,132.3
53.3
50.0
469.3
72.8
65.9
65.7
49.2
173.8
268.9
162.8
84.5
2.179.4
53.1
50.3
481.0
75.0
67.5
68.0
49.5
179.5
278.1
166.1
84.8
85.2
2.3
1.4
12.5
3.0
2.6
3.3
2.0
4.3
11.7
5.2
2.1
105.7
2.8
1.5
14.7
3.3
2.9
4.4
4.3
5.2
14.2
5.8
2.2
90.5
2.5
1.4
13.5
3.2
2.8
3.3
2.1
4.6
12.1
5.5
2.2
108.0
3.1
1.5
15.3
3.7
3.0
4.7
4.0
5.5
14.6
6.1
2.3
4.0
4.4
2.8
2.7
4.1
4.0
5.1
4.1
2.5
4.4
3.2
2.5
4.9
5.4
3.1
3.1
4.4
4.4
6.6
8.6
2.9
5.1
3.5
2.6
4.2
4.7
2.7
2.9
4.4
4.3
5.1
4.2
2.6
4.5
3.4
2.6
5.0
5.8
3.0
3.2
4.9
4.5
7.0
8.0
3.1
5.3
3.7
2.7
314.8
141.9
322.1
146.1
314.2
141.6
321.4
145.4
25.0
7.8
21.6
6.5
22.8
7.2
19.7
5.9
8.0
5.5
6.7
4.5
7.3
5.1
6.1
4.1
Arizona
Flagstaff
Phoenix-Mesa
Tucson
Yuma
2,304.3
61.1
1,536.3
382.9
58.1
2,414.7
63.6
1,615.2
395.6
60.9
2,308.4
62.6
1,537.7
380.8
63.0
2,426.6
64.5
1,619.3
396.9
65.6
78.9
3.3
40.1
10.4
9.4
92.1
3.7
50.9
11.9
9.2
81.6
2.8
37.6
10.0
16.8
95.7
3.1
50.7
11.6
15.1
3.4
5.4
2.6
2.7
16.3
3.8
5.9
3.1
3.0
15.1
3.5
4.4
2.4
2.6
26.7
3.9
4.7
3.1
2.9
23.0
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers
Fort Smith
Jonesboro
Little Rock-North Little Rock
Pine Bluff
1,224.1
145.6
96.6
42.3
297.5
36.0
1,258.8
152.9
101.1
43.6
304.0
36.6
1,225.2
146.1
96.8
42.4
297.8
35.7
1,265.9
154.4
100.3
43.7
306.3
36.7
60.5
3.5
3.8
1.6
10.9
2.8
56.0
2.8
4.5
1.6
9.4
2.8
52.4
3.0
3.3
1.3
9.8
2.4
52.6
2.9
3.1
1.5
9.7
2.6
4.9
2.4
3.9
3.8
3.7
7.8
4.4
1.9
4.4
3.6
3.1
7.6
4.3
2.0
3.4
3.1
3.3
6.8
4.2
1.8
3.1
3.4
3.2
7.2
16,889.3
283.4
86.4
434.4
4,689.4
85.0
202.6
1,232.4
1,506.1
73.5
1,508.6
806.0
194.5
1,399.5
971.8
996.2
113.6
201.5
141.7
254.2
255.3
258.5
407.3
169.2
93.5
57.1
17,278.4
284.6
89.1
438.5
4,872.4
84.7
205.2
1,260.1
1,533.4
74.6
1,541.2
826.1
192.5
1,417.9
1,000.5
1,011.8
115.2
203.4
140.9
259.7
260.9
263.0
412.2
169.1
91.8
57.4
16,892.4
285.9
87.3
443.4
4,692.1
84.5
202.7
1,234.2
1,499.9
74.5
1,503.4
800.6
194.7
1,389.0
970.9
989.7
114.8
204.0
141.7
256.0
257.7
260.8
409.7
172.7
94.9
56.9
17,257.6
287.8
88.9
443.8
4,874.9
83.7
204.6
1,258.0
1,530.8
74.7
1,530.8
821.6
192.4
1,412.1
994.7
1,008.1
115.6
205.2
140.8
259.2
260.9
263.7
410.5
174.1
92.4
57.6
876.7
38.6
6.9
72.5
247.2
15.1
24.3
35.5
37.1
6.2
71.1
33.9
26.6
40.0
19.5
22.0
3.7
9.0
11.3
7.2
25.2
11.2
15.9
32.2
5.0
9.3
845.4
37.2
6.9
71.5
231.0
14.7
24.2
35.4
36.7
5.8
70.1
31.2
25.4
37.4
25.0
22.2
3.5
8.5
10.8
6.5
24.8
9.7
14.8
31.6
4.7
8.8
820.9
32.7
6.1
66.0
245.6
13.2
23.0
33.5
36.1
5.1
69.8
31.3
19.6
39.5
18.9
20.5
3.3
7.1
9.5
6.4
23.7
10.2
14.9
26.1
3.8
8.2
807.9
31.2
6.0
63.0
234.6
12.7
22.6
37.4
38.2
5.0
67.5
29.2
18.6
37.4
27.3
26.4
2.9
6.5
9.1
6.1
22.4
8.9
13.6
26.6
3.7
7.6
5.2
13.6
8.0
16.7
5.3
17.8
12.0
2.9
2.5
8.4
4.7
4.2
13.7
2.9
2.0
2.2
3.3
4.5
8.0
2.8
9.9
4.3
3.9
19.1
5.3
16.3
4.9
13.1
7.7
16.3
4.7
17.3
11.8
2.8
2.4
7.8
4.5
3.8
13.2
2.6
2.5
2.2
3.0
4.2
7.7
2.5
9.5
3.7
3.6
18.7
5.1
15.3
4.9
11.5
7.0
14.9
5.2
15.6
11.3
2.7
2.4
6.8
4.6
3.9
10.1
2.8
1.9
2.1
2.9
3.5
6.7
2.5
9.2
3.9
3.6
15.1
4.0
14.5
4.7
10.8
6.8
14.2
4.8
15.1
11.0
3.0
2.5
6.7
4.4
3.6
9.7
2.7
2.7
2.6
2.5
3.2
6.5
2.3
8.6
3.4
3.3
15.3
4.0
13.2
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont
Colorado Springs
Denver
Fort Collins-Loveland
Grand Junction
Greeley
Pueblo
2,222.8
178.7
251.8
1,118.9
138.2
56.9
83.5
57.8
2,294.9
188.2
256.9
1,158.6
144.5
58.2
86.2
57.8
2,225.1
177.6
252.8
1,117.7
139.1
57.2
86.4
57.3
2,301.1
184.3
259.7
1,166.9
146.0
58.4
88.6
57.8
62.4
4.4
8.4
26.1
4.3
2.2
2.8
2.5
65.4
4.5
8.7
28.6
4.1
2.1
3.1
2.6
58.2
4.1
7.8
24.3
4.0
1.9
2.6
2.2
57.1
4.1
7.8
25.5
3.7
1.7
2.5
2.1
2.8
2.5
3.3
2.3
3.1
3.9
3.4
4.2
2.9
2.4
3.4
2.5
2.9
3.7
3.5
4.5
2.6
2.3
3.1
2.2
2.9
3.4
3.0
3.9
2.5
2.3
3.0
2.2
2.5
2.9
2.8
3.7
Connecticut
Bridgeport
Danbury
Hartford
New Haven-Meriden
New London-Norwich
Stamford-Norwalk
Waterbury
1,736.7
216.5
110.3
596.7
281.1
153.5
194.9
115.1
1,717.6
212.3
109.5
587.6
279.5
152.0
194.2
116.0
1,733.6
215.9
110.9
593.5
280.9
153.4
195.6
114.6
1,715.1
212.5
109.0
585.1
280.3
152.0
194.4
115.5
45.1
7.1
2.0
16.1
7.1
4.1
3.3
3.8
35.7
5.4
1.7
12.6
5.8
3.0
2.7
3.3
36.8
5.6
1.5
13.1
6.1
3.5
2.6
3.1
34.2
5.1
1.6
11.9
5.6
2.9
2.6
3.2
2.6
3.3
1.8
2.7
2.5
2.6
1.7
3.3
2.1
2.5
1.5
2.1
2.1
2.0
1.4
2.8
2.1
2.6
1.4
2.2
2.2
2.3
1.3
2.7
2.0
2.4
1.4
2.0
2.0
1.9
1.3
2.8
404.4
70.8
303.5
417.3
74.1
311.3
402.9
70.8
302.0
411.5
72.9
307.1
16.6
3.0
11.4
14.5
2.9
10.2
15.1
2.8
10.9
12.7
2.5
9.0
4.1
4.3
3.7
3.5
3.9
3.3
3.8
3.9
3.6
3.1
3.5
2.9
Alabama
Anniston
Auburn-Opelika
Birmingham
Decatur
Dothan
Florence
Gadsden
Huntsville
Mobile
Montgomery
Tuscaloosa
Alaska
Anchorage
California
Bakersfield
Chico-Paradise
Fresno
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Merced
Modesto
Oakland
Orange County
Redding
Riverside-San Bernardino
Sacramento
Salinas
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc
Santa Cruz-Watsonville
Santa Rosa
Stockton-Lodi
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa
Ventura
Visalia-Tulare-Porterville
Yolo
YubaCity
Delaware
Dover
Wilmington-Newark
See footnotes at end of table.
155
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and metropolitan area—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian laDonorce
Number
Percent of labor force
State and area
March
April
March
April
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001P
10.9
56.5
5.5
2.3
6.0
2.3
5.0
2.1
4.0
2.0
259.2
5.3
29.9
4.4
6.0
2.9
2.0
17.0
7.4
7.5
56.8
2.3
3.4
22.6
3.6
6.8
1.4
6.0
3.8
32.6
20.6
288.7
6.4
31.5
4.6
6.0
2.3
2.6
19.6
9.4
7.0
62.2
2.4
4.2
25.9
3.4
7.5
1.6
7.2
4.1
39.5
22.2
3.4
2.7
3.7
2.5
4.9
3.8
1.9
3.0
3.6
3.4
5.2
2.3
3.5
2.5
5.8
4.0
2.5
1.8
2.4
2.6
3.9
3.6
3.3
3.7
2.4
4.6
2.9
2.3
3.3
4.4
3.2
5.4
2.3
4.2
2.7
5.3
4.4
2.7
2.3
2.6
2.9
3.8
3.5
2.8
3.9
2.4
4.8
3.6
1.9
3.1
3.7
3.7
5.5
2.3
3.5
2.6
5.6
4.0
2.8
2.2
2.5
2.7
4.0
3.8
3.3
3.9
2.4
4.6
2.8
2.4
3.4
4.5
3.3
5.8
2.2
4.1
2.8
5.1
4.2
3.0
2.5
2.7
3.1
4.2
156.3
3.6
2.4
69.7
8.2
5.2
5.6
4.2
142.8
3.1
1.6
63.5
8.7
5.3
5.7
4.5
148.3
3.0
2.3
67.0
7.4
5.2
5.1
4.1
3.9
5.7
2.3
3.1
4.6
4.8
7.0
3.6
3.7
6.3
3.3
3.1
3.9
4.1
3.7
3.1
3.5
5.5
2.2
2.8
4.2
4.2
3.7
3.3
3.5
5.3
3.1
2.9
3.6
4.2
3.4
3.0
24.7
15.5
24.1
15.0
26.1
16.4
31.7
16.7
4.2
3.7
4.0
3.5
4.4
3.9
5.2
3.9
673.2
246.2
40.7
37.5
8.5
2.3
37.0
8.2
1.9
33.3
7.8
2.0
35.1
9.0
1.7
5.8
3.7
5.7
5.6
3.4
4.6
5.1
3.4
5.2
5.2
3.7
4.1
6,394.7
93.9
101.3
4,251.7
187.3
61.2
52.6
187.2
201.5
107.7
6,370.7
93.7
99.8
4,240.2
185.2
60.5
52.8
183.7
199.8
106.5
283.9
2.4
2.5
182.2
8.2
3.0
2.7
7.3
9.6
3.9
352.7
2.7
3.0
225.8
10.1
4.0
3.5
10.0
13.2
4.7
257.7
2.1
2.2
167.1
7.3
2.7
2.4
6.2
8.3
3.4
322.8
2.3
2.6
213.4
7.3
3.6
3.0
8.3
11.7
3.9
4.4
2.6
2.5
4.3
4.4
4.9
5.2
3.9
4.8
3.7
5.5
2.8
3.0
5.3
5.4
6.5
6.6
5.4
6.6
4.4
4.0
2.3
2.2
3.9
3.9
4.4
4.5
3.3
4.1
3.1
5.1
2.5
2.6
5.0
4.0
6.0
5.6
4.5
5.8
3.7
3,079.5
60.3
97.6
155.3
262.9
290.5
861.7
49.1
88.7
60.6
133.5
68.9
3,076.5
61.9
97.5
157.4
262.6
294.5
845.0
50.0
90.5
59.5
134.1
70.4
3,096.5
61.5
98.1
157.1
263.9
291.8
863.9
48.6
89.4
60.7
134.4
69.3
120.1
1.5
2.6
6.1
9.5
15.5
26.1
1.6
2.7
2.5
5.5
3.9
108.6
1.3
3.9
5.0
10.0
12.3
22.0
2.9
2.3
2.6
4.8
3.4
110.5
1.3
2.5
6.0
8.4
14.4
24.4
1.5
2.5
2.1
5.1
3.8
88.5
0.9
3.3
4.2
8.2
10.6
18.0
2.1
2.1
1.9
4.1
2.8
3.9
2.5
2.7
3.9
3.6
5.3
3.1
3.3
3.0
4.2
4.1
5.6
3.5
2.1
4.0
3.2
3.8
4.2
2.6
5.9
2.6
4.2
3.6
5.0
3.6
2.1
2.5
3.8
3.2
4.9
2.9
2.9
2.8
3.6
3.8
5.5
2.9
1.5
3.3
2.7
3.1
3.6
2.1
4.3
2.4
3.2
3.1
4.1
1,574.3
114.8
259.4
48.4
71.0
63.9
66.8
1,555.0
113.4
253.2
48.0
69.0
62.7
66.8
1,571.0
113.1
258.0
48.3
70.9
63.7
66.1
49.4
2.5
6.0
1.6
1.5
2.0
2.7
53.9
2.7
7.0
2.2
1.5
2.0
2.5
41.1
2.2
5.0
1.1
1.4
1.8
2.1
43.0
2.3
5.7
1.6
1.3
1.7
2.0
3.2
2.2
2.4
3.2
2.1
3.2
4.0
3.4
2.4
2.7
4.5
2.1
3.1
3.8
2.6
1.9
2.0
2.3
2.0
2.8
3.2
2.7
2.0
2.2
3.4
1.8
2.7
3.1
2001
2000
2001P
District of Columbia
Washington
277.1
2,639.4
276.2
2,764.9
277.2
2,650.0
273.8
2,763.7
15.3
60.3
16.4
64.1
13.9
56.3
Florida
Daytona Beach
Fort Lauderdale
Fort Myers-Cape Coral
Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie
Fort Walton Beach
Gainesville
Jacksonville
Lakeland-Winter Haven
Melboume-Titusville-Palm Bay
Miami
Naples
7,372.6
189.0
766.4
180.5
125.9
80.8
104.7
543.4
199.9
204.3
1,036.7
98.8
97.5
882.7
64.5
172.2
50.1
273.4
148.5
1,213.7
511.6
7,695.9
196.8
799.6
187.9
132.4
81.6
107.4
574.1
210.2
211.9
1,075.4
106.5
101.0
917.2
65.9
177.5
52.9
286.9
154.2
1,281.7
535.9
7,390.8
189.9
766.4
181.2
125.8
81.1
104.7
546.0
201.8
205.3
1,038.1
98.7
98.5
882.8
65.1
173.1
50.6
273.8
150.5
1,217.0
511.4
7,694.8
196.0
798.1
187.8
131.5
82.1
107.8
574.3
210.0
211.9
1,075.0
105.5
101.3
917.8
66.2
178.8
53.4
287.5
155.2
1,280.5
534.4
249.5
5.1
28.2
4.4
6.2
3.1
2.0
16.4
7.3
6.9
53.5
2.3
3.4
21.7
3.7
6.8
1.3
4.9
3.6
31.6
20.2
276.6
6.5
29.8
4.6
6.2
2.4
2.4
19.1
9.2
6.8
58.4
2.5
4.3
24.6
3.5
7.8
1.4
6.7
3.9
37.1
20.5
4,148.0
55.6
72.3
2,244.5
206.5
125.0
157.4
135.3
4,202.6
56.5
74.3
2,274.3
208.6
125.8
151.6
134.4
4,137.9
56.1
73.3
2,246.0
207.7
126.0
152.7
136.9
4,198.9
56.1
74.9
2,270.4
208.8
125.6
151.0
135.7
160.2
3.2
1.7
68.5
9.4
6.0
11.0
4.8
Hawaii
Honolulu
592.1
421.4
600.3
428.7
595.7
423.9
609.6
432.4
Idaho
Boise City
Pocatello
644.2
231.3
39.8
665.9
243.8
41.0
647.5
231.3
38.8
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal
Champaign-Urbana
Chicago
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island
Decatur
Kankakee
Peoria-Pekin
Rockford
Springfield
6,381.9
93.1
99.8
4,244.9
187.6
61.4
52.4
185.4
201.2
106.5
6,370.6
93.5
99.7
4,243.1
187.8
60.6
53.0
183.6
200.9
106.0
Indiana
Bloomington
Elkhart-Goshen
Evansviile-Henderson
Fort Wayne
Gary
Indianapolis
Kokomo
Lafayette
Muncie
South Bend
Terre Haute
3,055.0
60.6
96.9
155.5
261.3
293.1
842.6
49.3
89.6
58.7
133.1
69.6
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Des Moines
Dubuque
Iowa City
Sioux City
Waterloo-Cedar Falls
1,558.1
114.9
256.1
48.5
69.5
62.5
67.2
Orlando
Panama City
Pensacola
Punta Gorda
Sarasota-Bradenton
Tallahassee
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton
Georgia
Albany
Athens
Atlanta
Augusta-Aiken
Columbus
Macon
Savannah
See footnotes at end of table.
2001P
April
2000
2000
2000
Ocala
March
156
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and metropolitan area—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Percent of labor force
Number
State and area
March
April
March
2000
2001
2000
49.9
2.0
2.9
9.2
3.7
3.9
3.7
4.2
3.7
3.9
3.7
3.4
3.7
3.8
3.6
4.3
3.5
3.6
3.2
3.2
76.2
4.9
18.4
2.0
80.7
6.1
16.8
2.2
4.2
2.0
3.3
4.8
4.3
2.4
3.1
4.5
3.9
1.9
3.3
4.1
4.1
2.3
2.9
4.4
110.4
3.4
14.3
3.4
8.5
4.4
3.9
27.1
10.6
96.8
2.7
11.4
3.6
8.6
4.0
2.6
26.2
8.4
99.5
2.9
13.7
3.1
7.6
4.5
3.4
25.1
9.0
5.2
5.0
4.1
4.8
5.5
4.9
3.8
4.6
5.0
5.4
5.6
4.6
3.7
4.9
4.9
5.3
4.5
5.7
4.8
4.4
3.7
3.9
5.0
4.5
3.6
4.3
4.7
4.9
4.8
4.4
3.3
4.3
5.0
4.7
4.2
4.8
33.4
1.8
2.3
3.3
22.7
1.3
1.7
2.2
28.3
1.4
1.9
2.5
23.5
1.2
1.7
2.2
4.9
3.3
4.2
2.4
3.3
2.4
3.0
1.6
4.2
2.7
3.5
1.9
3.4
2.3
3.2
1.6
2,848.8
1.334.8
45.0
68.8
101.3
53.1
3.2
2.2
101.5
52.0
3.6
2.8
96.9
51.8
2.7
1.7
94.1
49.2
3.0
2.4
3.7
4.1
7.0
3.2
3.5
3.9
7.8
4.1
3.5
4.0
6.1
2.6
3.3
3.7
6.7
3.5
3,178.7
71.2
1,766.7
128.3
66.3
202.9
168.4
77.9
37.0
273.9
242.8
3,312.6
73.7
1,843.0
132.9
68.9
214.6
179.3
81.1
38.5
283.6
250.6
95.9
3.2
43.2
4.2
2.5
8.3
4.9
4.6
1.6
9.4
7.3
116.4
3.7
52.2
5.3
3.2
9.0
5.6
5.9
1.9
11.8
9.0
77.9
2.2
36.5
3.5
2.1
7.5
4.0
3.3
1.3
7.6
6.3
96.8
2.5
45.1
4.4
2.7
8.7
5.2
4.3
1.5
9.5
7.6
3.0
4.7
2.4
3.3
3.8
4.1
2.9
5.8
4.4
3.5
3.0
3.5
5.2
2.8
4.0
4.7
4.2
3.1
7.2
4.9
4.2
3.6
2.4
3.1
2.1
2.7
3.2
3.7
2.3
4.3
3.5
2.8
2.6
2.9
3.4
2.4
3.3
3.9
4.1
2.9
5.3
3.9
3.4
3.0
5,217.3
313.7
85.5
2,343.4
193.6
632.9
80.1
240.5
250.9
203.3
5,130.1
309.2
83.8
2,309.9
190.0
617.2
78.6
236.1
247.2
199.5
5,179.5
311.2
85.5
2,317.3
191.4
629.8
80.9
239.3
249.5
201.0
195.1
6.5
3.3
74.5
10.3
19.2
2.6
8.4
6.5
9.0
271.5
8.9
4.6
108.0
13.8
28.7
3.9
11.3
8.7
12.2
164.2
5.7
2.7
66.0
9.1
16.8
2.4
7.3
5.2
7.3
228.0
7.1
3.9
93.6
12.1
23.8
3.6
9.6
7.4
9.5
3.8
2.1
3.9
3.2
5.4
3.1
3.4
3.5
2.6
4.5
5.2
2.8
5.4
4.6
7.1
4.5
4.9
4.7
3.4
6.0
3.2
1.8
3.2
2.9
4.8
2.7
3.1
3.1
2.1
3.7
4.4
2.3
4.5
4.0
6.3
3.8
4.4
4.0
3.0
4.7
2,683.6
123.2
1,679.7
73.7
98.7
2,789.7
129.1
1,754.6
76.7
103.1
2,703.7
124.1
1,689.9
73.3
99.2
2,824.4
128.5
1,761.0
76.9
104.8
99.6
6.8
44.3
2.3
4.0
106.1
8.0
50.1
1.9
5.0
89.0
6.8
41.8
2.2
3.3
110.8
8.2
54.0
2.0
5.0
3.7
5.5
2.6
3.1
4.1
3.8
6.2
2.9
2.5
4.9
3.3
5.5
2.5
3.0
3.3
3.9
6.4
3.1
2.6
4.7
Mississippi
Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula
Hattiesburg
Jackson
1,324.6
180.3
53.4
232.3
1,315.1
178.3
53.3
230.7
1,318.3
179.0
53.2
233.2
1,297.8
177.0
53.0
228.8
79.3
10.4
2.0
9.1
73.6
7.1
1.6
8.7
69.5
8.7
1.9
8.4
56.2
5.7
1.3
7.2
6.0
5.7
3.7
3.9
5.6
4.0
3.0
3.8
5.3
4.9
3.5
3.6
4.3
3.2
2.4
3.1
Missouri
Columbia
Joplin
Kansas City
St. Joseph
St. Louis LMA
Springfield
2,882.1
84.5
82.4
981.8
50.9
1,335.3
171.2
2,957.3
84.5
80.5
1,040.3
50.7
1,376.2
179.2
2,896.8
84.1
82.2
985.1
50.7
1,347.0
172.0
2,972.0
84.7
80.3
1,040.4
50.7
1,385.2
179.0
103.4
1.0
2.6
33.7
2.0
47.8
4.2
114.5
1.2
3.1
35.7
2.3
53.2
5.1
91.3
0.9
2.6
31.5
1.6
45.6
3.8
113.6
1.2
3.1
36.5
2.1
54.6
5.2
3.6
1.2
3.1
3.4
3.9
3.6
2.5
3.9
1.4
3.8
3.4
4.5
3.9
2.8
3.2
1.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.4
2.2
3.8
1.4
3.9
3.5
4.1
3.9
2.9
477.2
73.2
37.3
55.4
470.5
73.2
36.0
54.2
478.6
72.4
37.3
55.6
474.7
70.0
37.1
53.9
28.1
3.3
2.2
2.2
25.3
2.7
1.9
2.3
23.6
2.5
1.8
1.7
22.1
2.1
1.6
2.0
5.9
4.5
6.0
4.0
5.4
3.6
5.2
4.2
4.9
3.5
4.9
3.1
4.7
3.0
4.2
3.6
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
Kansas
Lawrence
Topeka
Wichita
1,389.2
55.8
89.0
280.8
1,442.4
56.3
91.9
289.8
1,391.0
54.8
88.8
281.0
1,441.4
56.1
91.2
288.5
51.6
2.2
3.3
11.8
54.1
2.2
3.4
9.9
51.6
2.1
3.2
12.1
Kentucky
Lexington
Louisville
Owensboro
1.957.3
262.6
559.9
49.8
1,978.7
266.1
570.9
50.0
1,960.5
262.5
562.2
49.6
1,983.4
268.1
574.1
49.8
82.6
5.3
18.7
2.4
85.6
6.5
18.0
2.2
Louisiana
Alexandria
Baton Rouge
Houma
Lafayette
Lake Charles
Monroe
New Orleans
Shreveport-Bossier City
2,019.1
60.4
305.1
89.8
170.8
90.8
71.0
608.3
182.7
2,032.4
60.6
311.0
92.0
174.2
89.6
73.8
603.1
186.2
2,022.6
61.0
306.9
91.1
172.2
89.4
72.2
607.4
181.1
2,035.1
60.8
312.2
92.8
175.0
90.0
73.8
605.3
185.7
105.4
3.0
12.4
4.3
9.4
4.4
2.7
27.7
9.2
683.0
54.0
55.4
135.7
688.0
54.4
56.2
140.7
681.1
53.3
55.0
135.7
685.5
54.1
55.2
138.9
Maryland
Baltimore
Cumberland
Hagerstown
2,743.0
1,286.4
45.1
67.7
2,862.0
1,340.9
45.7
69.0
2,744.9
1,288.0
44.8
67.0
Massachusetts
Barnstable-Yarmouth
Boston
Brockton
Fitchburg-Leominster
Lawrence
Lowell
New Bedford
Pittsfield
Springfield
Worcester
3,186.3
69.1
1,775.5
129.2
66.3
202.2
168.5
78.6
37.5
272.0
243.8
3,318.2
71.6
1,849.3
133.1
68.8
213.2
179.1
82.0
38.7
283.4
251.9
Michigan
Ann Arbor
Benton Harbor
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland
Jackson
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek
Lansing-East Lansing
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland
5,154.0
310.7
83.7
2,326.1
191.1
618.7
78.4
236.6
247.7
200.1
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior
Minneapolis-St.Paul
Rochester
St. Cloud
Maine
Bangor
Lewiston-Auburn
Portland
Montana
Billings
Great Falls
Missoula
2001P
2000
April
March
April
See footnotes at end of table.
157
2001P
2001P
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and metropolitan area—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of labor force
State and area
April
March
2000
March
2001
2000
2000
2001P
April
2001
2000
March
2001P
2000
April
2001
2000
2001P
Nebraska
Lincoln
Omaha
905.2
142.4
387.5
943.2
149.5
402.8
910.1
143.5
389.1
945.2
149.2
401.8
27.2
3.7
10.8
29.3
3.9
12.5
25.0
3.5
10.1
24.8
3.4
10.6
3.0
2.6
2.8
3.1
2.6
3.1
2.7
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.3
2.6
Nevada
Las Vegas .
Reno
958.8
744.6
172.8
1,004.7
787.6
179.6
967.0
750.1
174.7
1,010.1
792.2
180.1
36.3
28.2
5.4
44.2
34.0
6.9
36.9
29.0
5.1
48.9
37.9
7.2
3.8
3.8
3.1
4.4
4.3
3.9
3.8
3.9
2.9
4.8
4.8
4.0
New Hampshire
Manchester
Nashua
Portsmouth-Rochester.
676.1
108.3
107.2
127.2
695.6
112.4
111.3
132.5
679.6
109.2
107.1
129.5
699.0
112.7
111.8
133.4
22.6
3.3
3.6
3.3
20.6
2.8
3.3
3.5
22.5
3.1
3.5
3.1
21.9
3.0
3.7
3.4
3.3
3.0
3.4
2.6
3.0
2.5
2.9
2.6
3.3
2.8
3.2
2.4
3.1
2.6
3.3
2.6
4,145.1
161.8
663.1
277.3
652.3
509.2
1,014.0
172.5
63.7
4,223.7
165.1
666.7
286.6
662.1
523.0
1,040.5
179.6
64.0
4,138.4
163.2
658.3
275.8
650.6
514.6
1,010.3
172.1
63.0
4,214.2
167.0
662.9
285.3
660.0
527.3
1,034.8
180.5
63.0
156.6
12.4
24.8
15.4
16.5
18.5
37.0
5.2
4.8
166.9
12.2
26.8
16.2
18.7
19.7
40.2
5.5
5.2
135.7
10.2
21.6
14.1
14.5
15.7
32.5
4.4
4.0
159.4
10.6
25.6
15.7
18.8
18.5
38.8
5.4
4.8
3.8
7.7
3.7
5.6
2.5
3.6
3.7
3.0
7.5
4.0
7.4
4.0
5.6
2.8
3.8
3.9
3.1
8.1
3.3
6.2
3.3
5.1
2.2
3.1
3.2
2.6
6.4
3.8
6.3
3.9
5.5
2.8
3.5
3.8
3.0
7.6
821.3
363.1
70.5
74.4
849.6
376.5
75.2
75.6
824.5
363.6
70.6
74.6
852.8
378.6
75.2
75.6
37.0
10.5
4.7
1.6
45.8
12.9
6.7
2.1
36.1
10.3
4.7
1.6
45.3
14.0
6.1
2.0
4.5
2.9
6.7
2.2
5.4
3.4
8.9
2.7
4.4
2.8
6.7
2.2
5.3
3.7
8.1
2.6
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy .
Binghamton
Buffalo-Niagara Falls
Dutchess County
Elmira
Glens Falls
Jamestown
Nassau-Suffolk
New York
New York City
Newburgh
Rochester
Syracuse
Utica-Rome
8,877.9
441.5
122.1
551.0
118.3
42.4
56.6
64.5
1,373.8
4,205.5
3,575.9
172.1
557.6
354.7
141.1
8,905.8
448.1
124.5
554.1
120.9
42.8
56.7
64.1
1,408.7
4,178.4
3,535.7
Ml.2
559.2
357.0
141.1
8,852.4
441.0
120.7
546.6
117.2
42.0
56.9
64.2
1,376.5
4,186.8
3,558.7
171.5
559.0
355.8
140.7
8,888.0
449.0
123.8
553.4
120.3
42.2
57.2
63.7
1,415.3
4,157.3
3,514.0
176.4
557.9
359.0
141.5
441.0
17.0
5.0
28.6
4.0
2.3
3.2
3.4
39.1
241.4
222.5
5.7
24.7
15.9
6.6
390.6
14.6
4.5
27.8
3.6
2.0
2.6
3.1
36.4
209.1
191.4
5.7
22.8
15.0
6.5
389.9
14.4
3.9
24.4
3.2
1.9
2.5
2.9
33.7
219.5
203.5
4.7
21.5
14.3
5.7
361.7
12.1
3.6
26.4
3.0
1.7
2.2
2.9
35.5
198.0
181.7
5.0
19.9
13.1
5.9
5.0
3.8
4.1
5.2
3.3
5.4
5.7
5.3
2.8
5.7
6.2
3.3
4.4
4.5
4.7
4.4
3.3
3.6
5.0
3.0
4.6
4.7
4.9
2.6
5.0
5.4
3.2
4.1
4.2
4.6
4.4
3.3
3.3
4.5
2.8
4.6
4.3
4.4
2.5
5.2
5.7
2.8
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.1
2.7
2.9
4.8
2.5
3.9
3.8
4.5
2.5
4.8
5.2
2.8
3.6
3.7
4.2
North Carolina
Asheville
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill
Fayetteville
Goldsboro
Greensboro—Winston-Salem—High Point
Greenville
Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir
Jacksonville
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill
Rocky Mount
Wilmington
3,912.0
110.4
790.4
119.9
48.5
642.3
66.0
174.6
47.5
643.0
65.6
116.2
3,978.9
111.7
823.5
118.1
49.0
655.9
67.2
177.4
47.4
658.2
65.2
116.0
3,915.5
110.3
794.7
119.6
48.3
646.1
65.5
173.7
47.6
644.5
64.9
116.5
3,988.5
112.5
825.3
119.1
48.9
653.4
66.3
177.2
47.8
661.8
65.7
117.5
133.8
3.1
22.3
4.7
1.8
16.7
3.1
3.9
1.6
10.8
3.8
4.2
178.4
3.5
31.6
5.5
2.3
27.2
3.6
8.0
1.9
14.3
4.0
4.1
116.7
2.5
20.3
4.3
1.7
15.3
2.8
3.2
1.4
9.7
3.4
3.5
177.1
3.6
30.4
5.6
2.4
25.1
3.6
7.9
1.8
15.8
4.3
4.3
3.4
2.8
2.8
4.0
3.7
2.6
4.8
2.3
3.4
1.7
5.8
3.6
4.5
3.1
3.8
4.6
4.8
4.2
5.3
4.5
4.0
2.2
6.1
3.5
3.0
2.2
2.6
3.6
3.6
2.4
4.2
1.9
3.0
1.5
5.2
3.0
4.4
3.2
3.7
4.7
4.8
3.8
5.5
4.5
3.8
2.4
6.6
3.6
330.5
51.8
100.9
51.5
335.4
53.8
102.4
53.4
335.0
52.8
101.5
52.0
340.4
54.4
102.8
53.6
12.8
1.7
2.6
2.1
9.7
1.4
2.3
1.9
10.2
1.3
2.2
1.9
8.8
1.2
2.1
1.9
3.9
3.3
2.6
4.1
2.9
2.6
2.2
3.5
3.1
2.4
2.2
3.6
2.6
2.2
2.0
3.5
5,672.8
359.8
200.0
840.4
1,104.6
833.5
462.5
186.9
75.8
81.1
54.8
316.2
273.5
5,819.9
370.0
206.8
857.9
1,128.0
861.3
472.9
191.3
78.7
82.6
54.3
323.7
276.1
5,673.2
360.8
199.4
839.6
1,103.6
835.3
462.0
187.5
75.8
80.9
54.8
316.2
274.0
5,836.9
371.9
206.5
863.7
1,131.4
866.0
473.9
191.7
79.0
82.9
54.6
325.4
278.1
249.6
16.6
9.7
28.8
53.4
22.3
17.3
5.7
3.1
5.0
2.5
13.8
16.1
223.6
14.1
8.2
27.5
44.1
20.3
17.3
5.7
3.4
3.9
2.6
13.3
16.0
212.2
13.9
7.8
26.4
45.4
19.1
15.1
5.1
2.8
4.2
2.3
12.0
13.6
210.3
13.1
7.3
27.5
42.2
19.2
17.1
5.3
3.3
3.6
2.3
12.0
15.1
4.4
4.6
4.9
3.4
4.8
2.7
3.7
3.0
4.1
6.2
4.5
4.4
5.9
3.8
3.8
4.0
3.2
3.9
2.4
3.7
3.0
4.3
4.7
4.7
4.1
5.8
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.1
4.1
2.3
3.3
2.7
3.7
5.2
4.2
3.8
5.0
3.6
3.5
3.6
3.2
3.7
2.2
3.6
2.7
4.2
4.4
4.2
3.7
5.4
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May
Bergen-Passaic
Jersey City
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon
Monmouth-Ocean
Newark
Trenton
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton
New Mexico
Albuquerque .
LasCruces ...
Santa Fe
North Dakota
Bismarck
Fargo-Moorhead .
Grand Forks
Ohio
Akron
Canton-Massillon
Cincinnati
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria ....
Columbus
Dayton-Springfield
Hamilton-Middletown
Lima
Mansfield
Steubenville-Weirton
Toledo
Youngstown-Warren
See footnotes at end of table.
158
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and metropolitan area—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian laoonorce
Number
Percent of labor force
State and area
March
2000
2001P
3.2
2.5
2.8
3.4
2.5
2.9
2.8
3.2
2.3
2.8
2.7
2.3
2.5
2.5
2.4
5.8
2.7
5.7
6.8
4.3
6.7
5.4
2.4
5.9
5.9
4.4
5.4
4.9
2.3
4.9
5.8
3.8
5.8
5.2
2.5
5.7
5.8
4.3
5.2
243.1
11.0
3.2
7.2
9.4
6.5
6.4
91.9
44.7
7.9
14.6
2.8
1.5
2.8
7.1
4.3
3.9
5.0
5.3
2.9
6.5
2.5
3.9
4.3
3.9
5.3
5.3
2.6
5.2
3.2
4.9
4.1
5.7
6.0
3.5
7.7
3.2
4.1
4.8
5.2
5.7
5.8
3.1
6.1
4.2
3.8
3.4
4.7
4.5
2.6
5.6
2.1
3.5
3.7
3.6
4.4
5.2
2.0
4.1
2.8
4.0
3.4
5.1
5.0
2.7
6.4
2.6
3.7
3.8
4.3
4.7
4.8
2.3
4.9
3.6
18.5
20.9
19.8
23.2
4.5
4.6
4.3
4.6
3.7
3.7
3.9
4.0
74.0
7.2
6.4
2.7
15.2
3.9
2.2
64.9
7.5
6.0
2.6
11.6
2.9
2.0
73.9
7.7
6.2
3.2
15.3
3.6
2.3
3.4
2.8
2.2
4.2
2.4
3.3
4.2
3.7
2.5
2.2
4.3
3.0
3.7
4.7
3.3
2.7
2.2
4.1
2.3
2.7
4.2
3.7
2.7
2.1
5.1
3.0
3.3
4.8
10.6
1.1
1.7
11.1
1.1
2.0
8.5
1.0
1.5
9.5
1.1
1.7
2.7
2.5
1.7
2.8
2.3
1.9
2.1
2.0
1.4
2.4
2.3
1.6
2,839.3
233.5
88.9
60.5
224.9
356.1
569.9
678.6
103.6
6.4
2.6
2.0
8.6
11.6
19.5
16.4
118.1
7.5
3.1
2.5
9.3
12.6
20.3
21.2
95.5
6.3
2.5
1.9
8.3
9.3
18.2
16.4
111.0
6.4
2.9
2.4
9.0
10.7
19.3
20.3
3.8
2.8
3.1
3.4
3.9
3.4
3.5
2.5
4.2
3.2
3.5
4.1
4.1
3.5
3.6
3.1
3.5
2.8
2.9
3.2
3.8
2.7
3.3
2.5
3.9
2.7
3.3
3.9
4.0
3.0
3.4
3.0
10,471.4
57.2
112.9
759.3
179.1
106.3
132.2
79.0
173.5
2,024.3
283.3
938.6
116.2
2,176.5
117.9
76.4
101.3
125.5
213.0
117.2
49.5
786.1
50.0
55.9
440.4
2.1
4.1
14.5
14.0
6.6
12.4
1.1
10.9
58.1
23.2
27.5
6.8
90.1
3.7
5.5
5.9
3.7
29.1
7.2
1.6
25.2
1.8
2.8
418.1
2.1
3.4
19.3
12.4
5.4
10.3
1.1
8.6
65.8
21.0
30.2
5.6
75.4
4.8
5.4
4.8
3.5
28.2
4.8
1.3
25.3
2.1
2.3
409.4
1.9
3.7
13.2
13.4
6.3
11.0
1.1
10.3
54.9
22.9
26.3
6.5
85.2
3.5
5.1
5.5
2.8
25.9
6.6
1.4
23.5
1.7
2.7
414.0
2.1
3.0
20.3
13.0
5.4
9.9
1.1
9.3
69.3
21.2
30.4
5.6
76.6
4.5
5.1
4.6
2.8
23.9
4.5
1.2
25.1
1.9
2.2
4.3
3.6
3.7
2.0
7.8
6.2
9.6
1.5
6.3
3.0
8.2
3.1
5.8
4.2
3.2
7.5
5.8
3.0
14.1
6.2
3.2
3.3
3.5
5.1
4.0
3.7
3.0
2.5
6.9
5.1
7.8
1.4
5.0
3.3
7.4
3.2
4.8
3.5
4.1
7.0
4.7
2.8
13.2
4.1
2.6
3.2
4.2
4.2
4.0
3.3
3.3
1.8
7.5
5.9
8.5
1.4
6.0
2.8
8.1
2.9
5.6
4.0
3.0
6.9
5.4
2.3
12.7
5.6
2.9
3.1
3.3
4.9
4.0
3.6
2.7
2.7
7.3
5.1
7.5
1.4
5.4
3.4
7.5
3.2
4.8
3.5
3.8
6.6
4.5
2.2
11.2
3.9
2.4
3.2
3.9
4.0
2000
2001
2000
2001P
2000
2000
2001
2000
Oklahoma
Enid
Lawton
Oklahoma City
Tulsa
1,641.0
26.6
40.9
548.7
415.6
1,642.9
25.3
39.7
554.5
414.8
1,641.8
26.6
40.9
549.0
417.5
1,644.8
25.5
40.2
552.9
416.6
52.5
0.9
1.4
14.0
12.5
51.8
0.6
1.1
19.0
10.3
48.4
0.7
1.3
12.9
11.8
44.2
0.6
1.0
13.7
10.2
3.2
3.2
3.5
2.5
3.0
Oregon
Corvallis
Eugene-Springfield
Medford-Ashland
Portland-Vancouver
1,796.8
40.2
168.4
91.1
1,063.9
173.1
1,777.4
39.8
165.6
90.4
1,068.1
170.7
1,800.0
40.2
167.9
91.4
1,064.7
174.2
1.783.3
40.0
165.9
90.6
1,067.4
172.3
104.2
1.1
9.6
6.2
46.1
11.6
96.0
0.9
9.8
5.3
47.3
9.3
89.0
0.9
8.2
5.3
40.9
10.0
92.1
1.0
9.4
5.2
46.2
9.0
5,903.6
313.2
62.0
138.6
341.8
101.6
242.4
2,476.7
1,140.4
181.7
304.6
57.9
64.7
56.3
193.7
6,046.0
322.4
63.8
143.2
350.2
102.9
249.2
2,517.3
1,168.0
185.0
311.8
58.1
66.9
57.9
198.5
5,894.9
311.7
62.2
139.3
341.3
101.0
242.3
2,474.8
1,139.5
181.2
302.9
57.9
65.7
55.9
193.0
6,013.2
321.3
64.2
142.3
349.6
101.2
249.0
2,505.1
1,162.5
183.3
310.1
57.7
67.2
57.5
196.6
256.6
12.3
3.1
7.4
9.9
6.6
6.0
97.6
49.4
7.1
16.3
3.1
1.7
2.9
6.2
294.8
13.2
3.7
8.6
12.1
7.9
7.9
103.9
55.6
9.6
17.9
3.4
2.1
3.5
8.3
223.6
10.6
2.9
6.3
9.0
5.7
5.2
87.7
42.3
6.6
13.4
3.0
1.3
2.3
5.4
500.4
571.3
507.3
580.7
498.8
567.9
506.5
577.6
22.7
26.2
21.7
26.6
1,955.8
273.5
283.3
63.3
489.2
102.9
47.1
2,008.3
288.8
286.2
63.0
508.6
105.2
47.8
1,966.3
274.6
276.2
63.1
497.0
106.3
47.8
2,010.8
288.9
287.2
63.4
510.5
106.8
47.8
66.7
7.6
6.1
2.7
11.8
3.4
2.0
393.6
46.4
103.5
399.5
47.6
105.0
398.6
47.5
105.6
403.8
48.0
105.8
2,755.4
227.4
86.0
58.5
219.6
344.2
550.7
649.6
2,841.2
233.5
89.0
60.8
224.7
355.7
569.4
679.3
2,739.1
227.2
86.4
59.2
218.5
343.8
547.9
646.6
10,196.5
57.8
111.4
725.7
180.1
106.1
129.6
77.4
173.1
1,928.2
282.3
902.4
117.9
2,129.3
114.4
73.8
102.1
122.7
206.4
116.1
49.5
761.9
50.2
54.9
10,454.1
57.0
112.7
757.5
178.8
106.0
131.9
78.6
171.9
2,015.0
282.9
935.4
116.2
2,176.4
117.2
76.4
101.2
125.3
214.2
117.2
49.5
785.9
49.9
55.8
10,191.5
57.8
112.2
725.5
179.2
105.5
128.6
77.3
172.6
1,936.1
281.4
903.9
117.1
2,129.3
115.0
73.6
101.6
122.4
204.0
116.7
49.4
765.1
49.8
55.1
Salem
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton
Altoona
Erie
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle
Johnstown
Lancaster
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Reading
Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton .
Sharon
State College
Williamsport
York
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick ...
South Carolina
Charleston-North Charleston
Columbia
Florence
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson .
Myrtle Beach .
Sumter
South Dakota
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
Tennessee
Chattanooga
Clarksville-Hopkinsville
Jackson
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol .
Knoxville
Memphis
Nashville
Texas
Abilene
Amarillo
Austin-San Marcos
Beaumont-Port Arthur
Brazoria
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito ...
Bryan-College Station
Corpus Christi
Dallas
El Paso
Fort Worth-Arlington
Galveston-Texas City
Houston
Killeen-Temple
Laredo
Longview-Marshall
Lubbock
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission
Odessa-Midland
San Angelo
San Antonio
Sherman-Denison
Texarkana
2001P
See footnotes at end of table.
April
March
April
March
April
159
2001
STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
C-3. Labor force status by State and metropolitan area—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of labor force
State and area
April
March
2000
Texas—Continued
Tyler
Victoria
Waco
Wichita Falls
2001
2000
April
March
2000
2001P
2001
2000
April
March
2001P
2000
2001
2000
2001P
90.1
42.3
100.9
62.8
91.8
43.5
101.5
62.3
89.8
42.7
101.4
62.5
91.9
43.8
102.2
62.8
3.0
1.4
3.1
2.8
2.9
1.5
3.5
1.9
2.9
1.3
2.8
2.5
2.8
1.5
3.4
1.7
3.4
3.3
3.0
4.5
3.2
3.5
3.4
3.0
3.2
3.1
2.8
3.9
3.1
3.3
3.3
2.8
1,074.4
165.7
686.5
1,118.3
174.3
714.7
1,078.9
166.2
687.5
1,118.9
174.0
715.5
35.3
4.5
21.2
41.8
5.3
25.4
31.6
3.9
19.2
39.5
5.1
24.8
3.3
2.7
3.1
3.7
3.0
3.6
2.9
2.4
2.8
3.5
2.9
3.5
328.3
99.3
343.4
106.1
324.3
99.7
341.4
107.2
10.2
2.0
11.1
2.2
9.7
1.6
10.6
2.0
3.1
2.0
3.2
2.1
3.0
1.6
3.1
1.9
Virginia
Charlottesville
Danville
Lynchburg
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News
Richmond-Petersburg
Roanoke
3,547.7
77.5
55.5
105.2
731.6
512.0
126.4
3,692.7
80.7
57.2
107.3
749.5
535.1
130.3
3,563.2
77.6
55.7
105.9
732.9
515.0
126.8
3,707.5
80.8
57.7
108.9
751.1
537.2
130.8
74.1
0.9
2.7
1.6
17.4
8.7
1.8
88.2
1.1
3.5
2.9
19.4
11.0
2.4
64.4
0.7
2.9
1.4
15.4
7.7
1.6
81.9
1.1
3.8
2.6
18.3
11.6
2.4
2.1
1.1
4.8
1.5
2.4
1.7
1.4
2.4
1.4
6.2
2.7
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.8
0.9
5.1
1.4
2.1
1.5
1.3
2.2
1.3
6.6
2.4
2.4
2.2
1.9
Washington
Bellingham
Bremerton
Olympia
Richland-Kennewick-Pasco
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett
Spokane
Tacoma
Yakima
3,019.1
81.9
93.9
100.4
89.5
1,390.0
207.8
332.6
104.3
3,093.4
81.7
93.6
100.8
94.0
1,434.6
213.0
336.3
108.0
2,986.6
81.4
92.5
99.0
91.8
1,366.5
206.1
329.3
104.3
3,057.9
79.7
91.8
99.2
95.0
1,417.1
209.1
333.1
107.3
167.1
5.0
5.5
5.3
6.8
53.0
13.0
17.9
13.2
189.7
5.5
5.5
5.7
6.9
63.0
14.8
20.4
14.1
152.1
4.6
5.0
4.6
6.2
50.3
11.0
16.8
11.8
171.6
4.6
4.9
5.2
6.2
60.1
12.5
19.0
12.1
5.5
6.2
5.8
5.2
7.6
3.8
6.3
5.4
12.7
6.1
6.7
5.9
5.7
7.4
4.4
7.0
6.1
13.0
5.1
5.7
5.5
4.6
6.8
3.7
5.3
5.1
11.3
5.6
5.8
5.4
5.2
6.6
4.2
6.0
5.7
11.3
820.6
136.4
138.4
76.2
72.9
804.7
134.5
138.2
77.7
72.9
823.7
137.3
137.9
76.7
73.5
806.9
135.7
138.5
78.1
72.7
48.7
6.0
8.9
4.0
4.1
46.1
5.7
7.9
3.6
3.5
45.1
5.9
8.1
3.6
3.3
41.6
5.3
7.2
3.5
3.1
5.9
4.4
6.4
5.3
5.7
5.7
4.3
5.7
4.7
4.9
5.5
4.3
5.8
4.7
4.5
5.2
3.9
5.2
4.5
4.3
2,861.8
217.4
82.1
131.4
77.3
79.8
70.4
255.9
783.6
89.4
60.5
73.4
3,028.9
231.0
85.2
142.0
81.7
85.6
74.9
274.8
827.4
94.0
65.6
76.1
2,878.7
218.2
82.2
132.1
77.5
80.7
71.2
258.8
788.7
89.0
61.0
72.5
3,031.1
230.2
85.9
141.3
81.6
84.5
74.5
275.3
819.7
93.7
66.2
75.6
122.2
6.6
4.2
4.1
3.9
3.2
3.0
5.1
30.5
4.5
1.5
4.2
146.2
8.5
4.4
5.2
4.8
4.0
3.3
6.0
34.8
6.0
2.2
4.0
110.0
5.9
3.7
3.7
3.8
3.3
2.6
4.6
31.6
4.4
1.5
2.5
133.2
8.4
4.1
5.0
4.7
3.5
2.6
5.1
33.9
5.6
2.2
3.0
4.3
3.0
5.1
3.1
5.0
4.0
4.2
2.0
3.9
5.1
2.5
5.8
4.8
3.7
5.2
3.7
5.9
4.7
4.4
2.2
4.2
6.4
3.3
5.3
3.8
2.7
4.5
2.8
4.9
4.1
3.6
1.8
4.0
4.9
2.5
3.5
4.4
3.7
4.8
3.5
5.7
4.1
3.5
1.8
4.1
6.0
3.3
3.9
265.1
34.3
41.2
265.4
35.3
41.7
265.2
34.2
41.3
265.4
34.9
41.6
12.0
1.7
1.2
11.2
1.5
1.4
10.5
1.5
1.1
9.2
1.2
1.2
4.5
4.9
3.0
4.2
4.1
3.4
4.0
4.3
2.7
3.5
3.5
2.8
1,325.4
46.3
53.9
124.8
92.3
110.9
733.2
1,283.8
45.3
50.3
117.9
88.3
109.4
715.8
1,300.3
45.3
52.0
122.0
89.5
108.8
724.0
1,287.5
46.0
50.1
117.6
88.5
110.6
715.9
137.3
7.3
6.7
11.9
13.6
14.8
58.3
137.8
7.8
6.1
11.2
11.9
15.0
61.8
130.4
6.8
6.3
11.7
11.2
14.5
56.2
144.5
8.4
6.5
11.6
12.3
15.8
63.2
10.4
15.7
12.4
9.6
14.7
13.3
7.9
10.7
17.2
12.2
9.5
13.5
13.7
8.6
10.0
15.1
12.0
9.6
12.5
13.3
7.8
11.2
18.3
12.9
9.9
13.9
14.3
8.8
Utah
Provo-Orem
Salt Lake City-Ogden
Vermont
Burlington
West Virginia
Charleston
Huntington-Ashland
Parkersburg-Marietta
Wheeling
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah
Eau Claire
Green Bay
Janesville-Beloit
Kenosha
La Crosse
Madison
Milwaukee-Waukesha
Racine
Sheboygan
Wausau
Wyoming
Casper
Cheyenne
Puerto Rico
Aguadilla
Arecibo
Caguas
Mayaguez
Ponce
San Juan-Bayamon
P = preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly
household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. All estimates are provisional and
will be revised when new benchmark and population information becomes available.
160
Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error
Introduction
Data from these two sources differ from each other
because of variations in definitions and coverage, source
of information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors that have
a differential effect on the levels and trends of the two data
series are as follows.
The statistics in this periodical are compiled from two
major sources: (1) household interviews, and (2) reports
from employers.
Data based on household interviews are obtained from
the Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of
the population 16 years of age and over. The survey is conducted each month by the U.S. Census Bureau for the
Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data
on the labor force, the employed, and the unemployed, classified by such characteristics as age, sex, race, family relationship, marital status, occupation, and industry attachment.
The survey also provides data on the characteristics and past
work experience of those not in the labor force. The information is collected by trained interviewers from a sample
of about 50,000 households (beginning with January 1996
data) located in 754 sample areas. These areas are chosen to
represent all counties and independent cities in the United
States, with coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia. The data collected are based on the activity or status reported for the calendar week including the 12th of the
month.
Data based on establishment records are compiled each
month from mail questionnaires and telephone interviews
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State
agencies. The Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey is designed to provide industry information on nonfarm wage and salary employment, average weekly hours,
average hourly earnings, and average weekly earnings for
the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The employment, hours, and earnings series are based on payroll
reports from a sample of about 350,000 establishments
employing about 39 million nonfarm wage and salary workers. The data relate to all workers, full or part time, who
receive pay during the payroll period that includes the 12th
of the month.
Employment
Coverage. The household survey definition of employment
comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics
and other private household workers), self-employed persons, and unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more
during the reference week in family-operated enterprises.
Employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage
and salary employees on the payrolls of nonfarm establishments.
Multiple jobholding. The household survey provides
information on the work status of the population without
duplication, because each person is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons
holding more than one job are counted only once. In the
figures based on establishment reports, persons who worked
in more than one establishment during the reporting period
are counted each time their names appear on payrolls.
Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes
among the employed all civilians who had jobs but were
not at work during the reference week—that is, were not
working but had jobs from which they were temporarily
absent because of illness, vacation, bad weather, childcare
problems, or labor-management disputes, or because they
were taking time off for various other reasons, even if they
were not paid by their employers for the time off. In the
figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for
by the company are included, but those on leave without
pay for the entire payroll period are not.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD
AND ESTABLISHMENT SERIES
The household and establishment data complement one
another, each providing significant types of information that
the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are obtained only from the household
survey, whereas detailed industrial classifications are much
more reliably derived from establishment reports.
Hours of work
The household survey measures hours worked for all workers, whereas the payroll survey measures hours for private production or nonsupervisory workers paid for by
161
employers. In the household survey, all persons with a job
but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions
and the computations of average hours at work. In the payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory employees on paid
vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and
assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during the reporting period.
compensation but are classified as employed, rather than
unemployed, in the household survey.
Agricultural employment estimates of the U.S. Department
of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are
the inclusion of persons under 16 in the National Agricultural Statistics Service series and the treatment of dual jobholders, who are counted more than once if they work on
more than one farm during the reporting period. There also
are wide differences in sampling techniques and data collecting and estimating methods, which cannot be readily
measured in terms of their impact on differences in the levels and trends of the two series.
Earnings
The household survey measures the earnings of wage and
salary workers in all occupations and industries in both the
private and public sectors. Data refer to the usual earnings
received from the worker's sole or primary job. Data from
the establishment survey generally refer to average earnings of production and related workers in mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and
nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing
industries. For a comprehensive discussion of the various
earnings series available from the household and establishment surveys, see BLS Measures of Compensation, Bulletin 2239 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1986).
COMPARABILITY OF PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT
DATA WITH OTHER SERIES
Statistics on manufacturers and business, U.S. Census
Bureau. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ
from employment counts derived by the U.S. Census Bureau
from its censuses or sample surveys of manufacturing and
business establishments. The major reasons for noncomparability are different treatment of business units
considered parts of an establishment, such as central
administrative offices and auxiliary units; the industrial
classification of establishments; and different reporting
patterns by multiunit companies. There also are differences
in the scope of the industries covered—for example, the
Census of Business excludes professional services, public
utilities, and financial establishments, whereas these are
included in the BLS statistics.
COMPARABILITY OF HOUSEHOLD DATA
WITH OTHER SERIES
Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from
the household survey includes all persons who did not have
a job during the reference week, were currently available
for a job, and were looking for work or were waiting to be
called back to a job from which they had been laid off,
whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance claims, prepared
by the Employment and Training Administration of the U.S.
Department of Labor, exclude, in addition to otherwise ineligible persons who do not file claims for benefits, persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers
who have not earned rights to unemployment insurance,
and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems (some workers in agriculture, domestic
services, and religious organizations, and self-employed and
unpaid family workers).
In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment
compensation differ from the definition of unemployment
used in the household survey. For example, persons with a
job but not at work and persons working only a few hours
during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment
County Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau. Data in
County Business Patterns (CBP) differ from BLS establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences also may arise
because of industrial classification and reporting practices.
In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and most of
government, and coverage is incomplete for some of the
nonprofit agencies.
Employment covered by State unemployment insurance
programs. Most nonfarm wage and salary workers are covered by the unemployment insurance programs. However,
some employees, such as those working in parochial schools
and churches, are not covered by unemployment insurance,
whereas they are included in the BLS establishment statistics.
162
Household Data
("A" tables, monthly; "D" tables, quarterly)
COLLECTION AND COVERAGE
Each employed person is counted only once, even if he
or she holds more than one job. For purposes of occupation
and industry classification, multiple jobholders are counted
in the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours
during the reference week.
Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries who are temporarily in the United States but not living
on the premises of an embassy. Excluded are persons whose
only activity consisted of work around their own house
(painting, repairing, or own home housework) or volunteer
work for religious, charitable, and other organizations.
Statistics on the employment status of the population and
related data are compiled by BLS using data from the Current Population Survey (CPS). This monthly survey of households is conducted for BLS by the U.S. Census Bureau
through a scientifically selected sample designed to represent the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents
are interviewed to obtain information about the employment
status of each member of the household 16 years of age and
older. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the
calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, that includes the
12th day of the month. This is known as the "reference
week." Actual field interviewing is conducted in the following week, referred to as the "survey week."
Each month, about 50,000 occupied units are eligible for
interview. Some 3,200 of these households are contacted
but interviews are not obtained because the occupants are
not at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other
reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey
that ranges between 6 and 7 percent. In addition to the 50,000
occupied units, there are about 9,000 sample units in an
average month that are visited but found to be vacant or
otherwise not eligible for enumeration. Part of the sample
is changed each month. The rotation plan, as will be explained later, provides for three-fourths of the sample to be
common from one month to the next, and one-half to be
common with the same month a year earlier.
Unemployed persons. All persons who had no employment
during the reference week, were available for work, except
for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find
employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with
the reference week. Persons who were waiting to be recalled
to a job from which they had been laid off need not have
been looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Duration of unemployment. This represents the length of
time (through the current reference week) that persons classified as unemployed had been looking for work. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment represents the
number of full weeks they had been on layoff. Mean duration is the arithmetic average computed from single weeks
of unemployment; median duration is the midpoint of a
distribution of weeks of unemployment.
Reason for unemployment. Unemployment also is categorized according to the status of individuals at the time they
began to look for work. The reasons for unemployment are
divided into five major groups: (1) Job losers, comprising
(a) persons on temporary layoff, who have been given a date
to return to work or who expect to return within 6 months
(persons on layoff need not be looking for work to qualify
as unemployed), and (b) permanent job losers, whose employment ended involuntarily and who began looking for
work; (2) Job leavers, persons who quit or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and immediately began
looking for work; (3) Persons who completed temporary jobs,
who began looking for work after the jobs ended; (4) Reentrants, persons who previously worked but who were out of
the labor force prior to beginning their job search; and (5)
New entrants, persons who had never worked. Each of these
five categories of the unemployed can be expressed as a
proportion of the entire civilian labor force; the sum of the
four rates thus equals the unemployment rate for all civilian
workers. (For statistical presentation purposes, "job losers"
and "persons who completed temporary jobs" are combined
into a single category until seasonal adjustments can be developed for the separate categories.)
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data
have been modified, but not substantially altered, since the
inception of the survey in 1940; those in use as of January
1994 are as follows:
Civilian noninstitutional population. Included are persons
16 years of age and older residing in the 50 States and the
District of Columbia who are not inmates of institutions
(for example, penal and mental facilities, homes for the
aged), and who are not on active duty in the Armed Forces.
Employed persons. All persons who, during the reference
week, (a) did any work at all (at least 1 hour) as paid employees, worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm, or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in
an enterprise operated by a member of the family, and (b) all
those who were not working but who had jobs or businesses
from which they were temporarily absent because of vacation, illness, bad weather, childcare problems, maternity or
paternity leave, labor-management dispute, job training, or
other family or personal reasons, whether or not they were
paid for the time off or were seeking other jobs.
163
Jobseekers. All unemployed persons who made specific efforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week period preceding the survey week are classified as jobseekers. Jobseekers do not include persons classified as on temporary
layoff, who, although often looking for work, are not required to do so to be classified as unemployed. Jobseekers
are grouped by the methods used to seek work. Only active
methods—which have the potential to result in a job offer
without further action on the part of the jobseeker—qualify
as job search. Examples include going to an employer directly or to a public or private employment agency, seeking
assistance from friends or relatives, placing or answering
ads, or using some other active method. Examples of the
"other" category include being on a union or professional
register, obtaining assistance from a community organization, or waiting at a designated labor pickup point. Passive
methods, which do not qualify as job search, include reading (as opposed to answering or placing) "help wanted" ads
and taking a job training course.
following categories: Private and government wage and
salary workers, self-employed workers, and unpaid family
workers. Wage and salary workers receive wages, salary,
commissions, tips, or pay in kind from a private employer
or from a government unit. Self-employed persons are those
who work for profit or fees in their own business, profession, trade, or farm. Only the unincorporated self-employed
are included in the self-employed category in the classof-worker typology. Self-employed persons who respond
that their businesses are incorporated are included among
wage and salary workers because, technically, they are
paid employees of a corporation. Unpaid family workers
are persons working without pay for 15 hours a week
or more on a farm or in a business operated by a member
of the household to whom they are related by birth or
marriage.
Multiple jobholders. These are employed persons who, during the reference week, either had two or more jobs as a
wage and salary worker, were self-employed and also held
a wage and salary job, or worked as an unpaid family worker
and also held a wage and salary job. Excluded are self-employed persons with multiple businesses and persons with
multiple jobs as unpaid family workers.
Labor force. This group comprises all persons classified as
employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria
described above.
Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate represents the
number unemployed as a percent of the labor force.
Hours of work. These statistics relate to the actual number
of hours worked during the reference week. For example,
persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were off
on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours, even though they were paid for the holiday.
For persons working in more than one job, the published
figures relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs during the week; all the hours are credited to the major job.
Unpublished data are available for the hours worked in each
job and for usual hours.
Participation rate. This represents the proportion of the
population that is in the labor force.
Employment-population ratio. This represents the proportion of the population that is employed.
Not in the labor force. Included in this group are all persons in the civilian noninstitutional population who are neither employed nor unemployed. Information is collected on
their desire for and availability to take a job at the time of
the CPS interview, job search activity in the prior year, and
reason for not looking in the 4-week period prior to the survey week. This group includes discouraged workers, defined
as persons not in the labor force who want and are available
for a job and who have looked for work sometime in the
past 12 months (or since the end of their last job if they held
one within the past 12 months), but who are not currently
looking because they believe there are no jobs available or
there are none for which they would qualify.
Persons classified as not in the labor force who are in the
sample for either their fourth or eighth month are asked
additional questions relating to job history and workseeking
intentions. These latter data are available on a quarterly basis.
At work part time for economic reasons. Sometimes referred to as involuntary part time, this category refers to
individuals who gave an economic reason for working 1 to
34 hours during the reference week. Economic reasons include slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, and seasonal declines in demand.
Those who usually work part time must also indicate that
they want and are available for full-time work to be classified as on part time for economic reasons.
At work part time for noneconomic reasons. This group
includes those persons who usually work part time and were
at work 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for a noneconomic reason. Noneconomic reasons include, for example: Illness or other medical limitations, childcare problems or other family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and
being in a job where full-time work is less than 35 hours.
The group also includes those who gave an economic reason for usually working 1 to 34 hours but said they do not
want to work full time or are unavailable for such work.
Occupation, industry, and class of worker. This information for the employed applies to the job held in the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in
the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours.
The unemployed are classified according to their last job.
The occupational and industrial classification of CPS data
is based on the coding systems used in the 1990 census.
The class-of-worker breakdown assigns workers to the
Usual full- or part-time status. Data on persons "at work"
164
employed persons regardless of whether their businesses
were incorporated) who usually work full time on their sole
or primary job.
exclude persons who were temporarily absent from a job
and therefore classified in the zero-hours-worked category,
"with a job but not at work." These are persons who were
absent from their jobs for the entire week for such reasons
as bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor
dispute. In order to differentiate a person's normal schedule
from his or her activity during the reference week, persons
also are classified according to their usual full- or part-time
status. In this context, full-time workers are those who usually worked 35 hours or more (at all jobs combined). This
group will include some individuals who worked less than
35 hours in the reference week for either economic or noneconomic reasons and those who are temporarily absent from
work. Similarly, part-time workers are those who usually
work less than 35 hours per week (at all jobs), regardless of
the number of hours worked in the reference week. This
may include some individuals who actually worked more
than 34 hours in the reference week, as well as those who
are temporarily absent from work. The full-time labor force
includes all employed persons who usually work full time
and unemployed persons who are either looking for fulltime work or are on layoff from full-time jobs. The parttime labor force consists of employed persons who usually
work part time and unemployed persons who are seeking or
are on layoff from part-time jobs. Unemployment rates for
full- and part-time workers are calculated using the concepts of the full- and part-time labor force.
Median earnings. These figures indicate the value that divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part
having values above the median and the other having values
below the median. The medians shown in this publication
are calculated by linear interpolation of the $50 centered
interval within which each median falls. Data expressed in
constant dollars are deflated by the Consumer Price Index
for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Single, never married; married, spouse present; and other
marital status. These are the terms used to define the marital status of individuals at the time of interview. Married,
spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were
living in the same household, even though one may be temporarily absent on business, on vacation, on a visit, in a hospital,
etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are married,
spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse absent
relates to persons who are separated due to marital problems,
as well as to husbands and wives who are living apart because
one or the other was employed elsewhere or was on duty with
the Armed Forces, or for any other reasons.
Household. A household consists of all persons—related
family members and all unrelated persons—who occupy a
housing unit and have no other usual address. A house, an
apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room is regarded as
a housing unit when occupied or intended for occupancy as
separate living quarters. A householder is the person (or one
of the persons) in whose name the housing unit is owned or
rented. The term is never applied to either husbands or wives
in married-couple families but relates only to persons in
families maintained by either men or women without a
spouse.
White, black, and other. These are terms used to describe
the race of persons. Included in the "other" group are American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders. Because of the relatively small sample size, data
for "other" races are not published. In the enumeration process, race is determined by the household respondent.
Hispanic origin. This refers to persons who identified themselves in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican,
Cuban, Central or South American, or of other Hispanic
origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any
race; thus, they are included in both the white and black
population groups.
Family. A family is defined as a group of two or more persons residing together who are related by birth, marriage, or
adoption; all such persons are considered as members of
one family. Families are classified either as married-couple
families or as families maintained by women or men without spouses. A family maintained by a woman or a man is
one in which the householder is either single, widowed, divorced, or married, spouse absent.
Vietnam-era veterans. These are persons who served in the
Armed Forces of the United States between August 5, 1964,
and May 7, 1975. Published data are limited to men in the
civilian noninstitutional population; that is, veterans in institutions and women are excluded. Nonveterans are persons who never served in the Armed Forces.
HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY
Changes in concepts and methods
While current survey concepts and methods are very similar to those introduced at the inception of the survey in 1940,
a number of changes have been made over the years to improve the accuracy and usefulness of the data. Some of the
most important changes include:
Usual weekly earnings. Data represent earnings before taxes
and other deductions, and include any overtime pay, commissions, or tips usually received (at the main job, in the
case of multiple jobholders). Earnings reported on a basis
other than weekly (for example, annual, monthly, hourly)
are converted to weekly. The term "usual" is as perceived
by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of
usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term as more
than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months.
Data refer to wage and salary workers (excluding all self-
• In 1945, the questionnaire was radically changed with
the introduction of four basic employment questions. Prior
to that time, the survey did not contain specific question
wording, but, rather, relied on a complicated scheme of activity prioritization.
165
• In 1953, the current 4-8-4 rotation system was adopted,
whereby households are interviewed for 4 consecutive
months, leave the sample for 8 months, and then return to
the sample for the same 4 months of the following year.
Before this system was introduced, households were interviewed for 6 consecutive months and then replaced. The
new system provided some year-to-year overlap in the
sample, thereby improving measurement over time.
e) New questions were added to obtain additional information on persons not in the labor force, including those
referred to as "discouraged workers," defined as persons who
indicate that they want a job but are not currently looking
because they believe there are no jobs available or none for
which they would qualify.
f) New "probing" questions were added to the questionnaire in order to increase the reliability of information on
hours of work, duration of unemployment, and self-employment.
• In 1955, the survey reference week was changed to the
calendar week including the 12th day of the month, for
greater consistency with the reference period used for other
labor-related statistics. Previously, the calendar week containing the 8th day of the month had been used as the reference week.
• In 1994, major changes to the Current Population Survey (CPS) were introduced, which included a complete redesign of the questionnaire and the use of computer-assisted
interviewing for the entire survey. In addition, there were
revisions to some of the labor force concepts and definitions, including the implementation of some changes recommended in 1979 by the National Commission on Employment and Unemployment Statistics (NCEUS, also
known as the Levitan Commission). Some of the major
changes to the survey were:
• In 1957, the employment definition was modified slightly
as a result of a comprehensive interagency review of labor
force concepts and methods. Two relatively small groups of
persons classified as employed, under "with a job but not at
work," were assigned to different classifications. Persons on
layoff with definite instructions to return to work within 30
days of the layoff date, and persons volunteering that they
were waiting to start a new wage and salary job within 30
days of interview, were, for the most part, reassigned to the
unemployed classification. The only exception was the small
subgroup in school during the reference week but waiting to
start new jobs, which was transferred to not in the labor force.
a) The introduction of a redesigned and automated questionnaire. The CPS questionnaire was totally redesigned in
order to obtain more accurate, comprehensive, and relevant
information, and to take advantage of state-of-the-art computer interviewing techniques.
b) The addition of two, more objective, criteria to the
definition of discouraged workers. Prior to 1994, to be classified as a discouraged worker, a person must have wanted a
job and been reported as not currently looking because of a
belief that no jobs were available or that there were none
for which he or she would qualify. Beginning in 1994, persons classified as discouraged must also have looked for a
job within the past year (or since their last job, if they worked
during the year), and must have been available for work
during the reference week (a direct question on availability
was added in 1994; prior to 1994, availability had been inferred from responses to other questions). These changes
were made because the NCEUS and others felt that the previous definition of discouraged workers was too subjective,
relying mainly on an individual's stated desire for a job and
not on prior testing of the labor market.
• In 1967, more substantive changes were made as a
result of the recommendations of the President's Committee to Appraise Employment and Unemployment Statistics
(the Gordon Committee). The principal improvements were
as follows:
a) A 4-week job search period and specific questions on
jobseeking activity were introduced. Previously, the questionnaire was ambiguous as to the period for jobseeking,
and there were no specific questions concerning job search
methods.
b) An availability test was introduced whereby a person
must be currently available for work in order to be classified as unemployed. Previously, there was no such requirement. This revision to the concept mainly affected students,
who, for example, may begin to look for summer jobs in the
spring although they will not be available until June or July.
Such persons, until 1967, had been classified as unemployed
but since have been assigned to the "not in the labor force"
category.
c) Similarly, the identification of persons employed part
time for economic reasons (working less than 35 hours in
the reference week because of poor business conditions or
because of an inability to find full-time work) was tightened by adding two new criteria for persons who usually
work part time: They must want and be available for fulltime work. Previously, such information was inferred. (Persons who usually work full time but worked part time for an
economic reason during the reference week are assumed to
meet these criteria.)
c) Persons "with a job but not at work" because of strikes,
bad weather, etc., who volunteered that they were looking
for work were shifted from unemployed status to employed.
d) The lower age limit for official statistics on employment, unemployment, and other labor force concepts was
raised from 14 to 16 years. Historical data for most major
series have been revised to provide consistent information
based on the new minimum age limit.
d) Specific questions were added about the expectation
of recall for persons who indicate that they are on layoff.
To be classified as "on temporary layoff," persons must ex166
Unemployment levels and rates were not significantly
affected.
pect to be recalled to their jobs. Previously, the questionnaire did not include explicit questions about the expectation of recall.
• Beginning in January 1974, the method used to prepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional
population was modified to an "inflation-deflation" approach. This change in the derivation of the estimates had
its greatest impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year-old men—
particularly those in the black-and-other population—but
had little effect on estimates of the total population 16 years
and over. Additional information on the adjustment procedure appears in "CPS Population Controls Derived from
Inflation-Deflation Method of Estimation," in the February
1974 issue of this publication.
e) Persons volunteering that they were waiting to start a
new job within 30 days must have looked for work in the 4
weeks prior to the survey in order to be classified as unemployed. Previously, such persons did not have to meet the
job search requirement in order to be included among the
unemployed.
For additional information on changes in CPS concepts
and methods, see "The Current Population Survey: Design
and Methodology," Technical Paper 63 (Washington, U.S.
Census Bureau and Bureau of Labor Statistics, March 2000),
available on the Internet at www.bls.census.gov/cps/tp/
tp63.htm; "Overhauling the Current Population Survey—
Why is it Necessary to Change?," "Redesigning the Questionnaire," and "Evaluating Changes in the Estimates,"
Monthly Labor Review, September 1993; and "Revisions
in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994,"
in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
• Effective in July 1975, as a result of the large inflow of
Vietnamese refugees to the United States, the total and blackand-other independent population controls for persons 16
years and over were adjusted upward by 76,000—30,000
men and 46,000 women. The addition of the refugees increased the black-and-other population by less than 1 percent in any age-sex group, with all of the changes being
confined to the "other" component of the population.
Noncomparability of labor force levels
In addition to the refinements in concepts, definitions, and
methods made over the years, other changes also have affected the comparability of the labor force data.
• Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of an
expansion in the sample and revisions in the estimation
procedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in the
civilian labor force and employment totals; unemployment
levels and rates were essentially unchanged. An explanation
of the procedural changes and an indication of the differences
appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey in
January 1978" in the February 1978 issue of this publication.
• Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing data from
the 1950 census into the estimating procedures, population
levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, total employment, and agricultural employment were increased by
about 350,000, primarily affecting the figures for totals and
for men; other categories were relatively unaffected.
• Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individual
was determined by the household respondent for the
incoming rotation group households, rather than by the
interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was to
provide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race.
Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the sample households
had race determined by the household respondent and seveneighths of the sample households had race determined by
interviewer observation. It was not until January 1980 that
the entire sample had race determined by the household
respondent. The new procedure had no significant effect on
the estimates.
• Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii
resulted in increases of about 500,000 in the population and
about 300,000 in the labor force. Four-fifths of the labor
force increase was in nonagricultural employment; other labor force categories were not appreciably affected.
• Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the
1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 and
labor force and employment by about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually unchanged.
• Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 census
was introduced into the estimation procedures, increasing
the population by about 800,000; labor force and employment totals were raised by a little more than 300,000;
unemployment levels and rates were essentially unchanged.
• Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratio adjustment method was changed in the CPS estimation procedure. Differences between the old and new procedures existed only for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area estimates, not for the total United States. The reasoning behind
the change and an indication of the differences appear in
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey in January
1979" in the February 1979 issue of this publication.
• In March 1973, a subsequent population adjustment
based on the 1970 census was introduced. This adjustment,
which affected the white and black-and-other groups but
had little effect on totals, resulted in the reduction of nearly
300,000 in the white population and an increase of the same
magnitude in the black-and-other population. Civilian labor force and total employment figures were affected to a
lesser degree; the white labor force was reduced by 150,000,
and the black-and-other labor force rose by about 210,000.
• Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratio adjustment method was changed. The rationale for the change
and an indication of its effect on national estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Revisions in the Current
Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" in the Feb167
ruary 1982 issue of this publication. In addition, current
population estimates used in the second-stage estimation
procedure were derived from information obtained from
the 1980 census, rather than the 1970 census. This change
caused substantial increases in the total population and in
the estimates of persons in all labor force categories. Rates
for labor force characteristics, however, remained virtually
unchanged. Some 30,000 labor force series were adjusted
back to 1970 to avoid major breaks in series. The adjustment procedure used also is described in the February 1982
article cited above. The revisions did not, however, smooth
out the breaks in series occurring between 1972 and 1979
(described above), and data users should consider them
when comparing estimates from different periods.
• Beginning in August 1989, the second-stage ratio estimation procedures were changed slightly to decrease the
chance of very small cells occurring and to be more consistent with published age, sex, race cells. This change had
virtually no effect on national estimates.
• Beginning in January 1994, 1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount, were
introduced into the second-stage estimation procedure. This
change resulted in substantial increases in total population
and in all major labor force categories. Effective February
1996, these controls were introduced into the estimates for
1990-93. Under the new population controls, the civilian
noninstitutional population for 1990 increased by about 1.1
million, employment by about 880,000, and unemployment
by approximately 175,000. The overall unemployment rate
rose by about 0.1 percentage point. For further information,
see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1994," and "Revisions in Household Survey Data
Effective February 1996" in the February 1994 and March
1996 issues, respectively, of this publication.
Additionally, for the period January through May 1994,
the composite estimation procedure was suspended for technical and logistical reasons.
• Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratio adjustment method was updated to incorporate data from the 1980
census. The rationale for the change and an indication of its
effect on national estimates for labor force characteristics
appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Beginning in January 1983" in the February 1983 issue of
this publication. There were only slight differences between
the old and new procedures in estimates of levels for the
various labor force characteristics and virtually no differences in estimates of participation rates.
• Beginning in January 1997, the population controls used
in the second-stage ratio adjustment method were revised
to reflect updated information on the demographic characteristics of immigrants to, and emigrants from, the United
States. As a result, the civilian noninstitutional population
16 years and over was raised by about 470,000. The labor
force and employment levels were increased by about
320,000 and 290,000, respectively. The Hispanic-origin
population and labor force estimates were raised by about
450,000 and 250,000, respectively, and Hispanic employment was increased by 325,000. Overall and subgroup unemployment rates and other percentages of labor market
participation were not affected. An explanation of the
changes and an indication of their effect on national labor
force estimates appear in "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1997" in the February 1997
issue of this publication.
• Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of the
CPS estimation procedure—the noninterview adjustment,
the first- and second-stage ratio adjustments, and the composite estimator—were revised. These procedures are described in the Estimating Methods section. A description of
the changes and an indication of their effect on national
estimates of labor force characteristics appear in "Changes
in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1985" in the February 1985 issue
of this publication. Overall, the revisions had only a slight
effect on most estimates. The greatest impact was on estimates of persons of Hispanic origin. Major estimates were
revised back to January 1980.
• Beginning in January 1986, the population controls used
in the second-stage ratio adjustment method were revised
to reflect an explicit estimate of the number of undocumented
immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980 and an improved
estimate of the number of emigrants among legal foreignborn residents for the same period. As a result, the total
civilian population and labor force estimates were raised by
nearly 400,000; civilian employment was increased by about
350,000. The Hispanic-origin population and labor force
estimates were raised by about 425,000 and 305,000, respectively, and Hispanic employment was increased by
270,000. Overall and subgroup unemployment levels and
rates were not significantly affected. Because of the magnitude of the adjustments for Hispanics, data were revised back
to January 1980 to the extent possible. An explanation of the
changes and an indication of their effect on estimates of labor
force characteristics appear in "Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1986" in the February 1986 issue of this publication.
• Beginning in January 1998, new composite estimation
procedures and minor revisions in the population controls
were introduced into the household survey. The new composite estimation procedures simplify processing of the
monthly labor force data at BLS, allow users of the survey
microdata to more easily replicate the official estimates released by BLS, and increase the reliability of the employment and labor force estimates. The new procedures also
produce somewhat lower estimates of the civilian labor force
and employment and slightly higher estimates of unemployment. For example, based on 1997 annual average data, the
differences resulting from the use of old and new composite
weights were as follows: Civilian labor force (-229,000), total employed (-256,000), and total unemployed (+27,000).
Unemployment rates were not significantly affected.
168
ment levels could not be made between 1971-72 and prior
years nor between those 2 years. Unemployment rates were
not significantly affected. For a further explanation of the
changes in the occupational classification system, see
"Revisions in Occupational Classifications for 1971" and "Revisions in the Current Population Survey" in the February 1971
and February 1972 issues, respectively, of this publication.
Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1980 census were
introduced into the CPS. The 1980 census occupational classification system evolved from the Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system and was so radically different
in concepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that
comparisons of historical data are not possible without major adjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales
occupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category
"sales workers." Major additions include "cashiers" from
"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors in
retail trade establishments from "managers and administrators, except farm."
The industrial classification system used in the 1980 census was based on the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, as modified in 1977. The adoption of the
new system had much less of an adverse effect on historical
comparability than did the new occupational system. The
most notable changes from the 1970 system were the transfer of farm equipment stores from "retail" to "wholesale"
trade and of postal service from "public administration" to
"transportation," and some interchange between "professional and related services" and "public administration."
Additional information on the 1980 census occupational and
industrial classification systems appears in "Revisions in
the Current Population Survey Beginning in January 1983"
in the February 1983 issue of this publication.
Beginning in January 1992, the occupational and industrial classification systems used in the 1990 census were introduced into the CPS. (These systems were based largely
on the 1980 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) and
1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) systems, respectively.) There were a few breaks in comparability between
the 1980 and 1990 census-based systems, particularly within
the "technical, sales, and administrative support" categories.
The most notable changes in industry classification were the
shift of several industries from "business services" to "professional services" and the splitting of some industries into
smaller, more detailed categories. A number of industry titles
were changed as well, with no change in content.
Also beginning in January 1998, the population controls
used in the survey were revised to reflect new estimates of
legal immigration to the United States and a change in the
method for projecting the emigration of foreign-born legal
residents. As a result, the Hispanic-origin population was raised
by about 57,000; however, the total civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years and over was essentially unchanged. More
detailed information on these changes and their effect on the
estimates of labor force change and composition appear in
"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1998," in the February 1998 issue of this publication.
• Beginning in January 1999, the population controls used
in the survey were revised to reflect newly updated information
on immigration. As a result, the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years and over was raised by about 310,000.
The impact of the changes varied for different
demographic groups. The civilian noninstitutional population
for men 16 years and over was lowered by about 185,000,
while that for women was increased by about 490,000. The
Hispanic-origin population was lowered by about 165,000
while that of persons of non-Hispanic origin was raised by
about 470,000. Overall labor force and employment levels
were increased by about 60,000 each, while the Hispanic labor
force and employment estimates were reduced by about
225,000 and 215,000, respectively. The changes had only a
small impact on overall and subgroup unemployment rates
and other percentages of labor market participation. An
explanation of the changes and an indication of their effect on
national labor force estimates appear in "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1999" in the
February 1999 issue of this publication.
• Beginning in January 2000, the population controls used
in the survey were revised to reflect newly updated information on immigration and an upward revision in the number of deaths. As a result, the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over was lowered by about 215,000.
The labor force and employment levels were decreased by
about 125,000 and 120,000, respectively. Overall and subgroup unemployment rates and other percentages of labor
market participation were not significantly affected. An
explanation of the changes and an indication of their effect
on national labor force estimates appear in "Revisions in
the Current Population Survey Effective January 2000" in
the February 2000 issue of this publication.
Changes in the occupational and industrial
classification systems
Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupational employment data was affected as a result of changes in the
occupational classification system for the 1970 census that
were introduced into the CPS. Comparability was further
affected in December 1971, when a question relating to
major activity or duties was added to the monthly CPS questionnaire in order to more precisely determine the occupational classification of individuals. As a result of these
changes, meaningful comparisons of occupational employ-
Sampling
Since the inception of the survey, there have been various
changes in the design of the CPS sample. The sample traditionally is redesigned and a new sample selected after
each decennial census. Also, the number of sample areas
and the number of sample persons are changed occasionally. Most of these changes are made to improve the efficiency of the sample design, increase the reliability of the
sample estimates, or control cost.
169
Changes in this regard since 1960 are as follows: When
Alaska and Hawaii received statehood in 1959 and 1960,
respectively, three sample areas were added to the existing
sample to account for the population of these States. In
January 1978, a supplemental sample of 9,000 housing units,
selected in 24 States and the District of Columbia, was designed to provide more reliable annual average estimates
for States. In October 1978, a coverage improvement sample
of approximately 450 sample household units representing
237,000 occupied mobile homes and 600,000 new construction housing units was added. In January 1980, another
supplemental sample of 9,000 households selected in 32
States and the District of Columbia was added. A sample
reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented in May
1981. In January 1982, the sample was expanded by 100
households to provide additional coverage in counties added
to the Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs),
which were redefined in 1973. In January 1985, a new Statebased CPS sample was selected based on 1980 census
information. A sample reduction of about 4,000 households
was implemented in April 1988; the households were reinstated during the 8-month period, April-November 1989. A
redesigned CPS sample based on the 1990 decennial census
was selected for use during the 1990s. Households from this
new sample were phased into the CPS between April 1994
and July 1995. The July 1995 sample was the first monthly
sample based entirely on the 1990 census. For further information on the 1990 sample redesign, see "Redesign of the
Sample for the Current Population Survey" in the May 1994
issue of this publication.
The original 1990 census-based sample design included
about 66,000 housing units per month located in 792
selected geographic areas called primary sampling units
(PSUs). The sample initially was selected to meet specific
reliability criteria for the Nation, for each of the 50 States
and the District of Columbia, and for the sub-State areas of
New York City and the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area. In 1996, the original sample design reliability
criteria were modified to reduce costs. The current criteria,
given below, are based on the coefficient of variation (CV)
of the unemployment level, where the CV is defined as the
standard error of the estimate divided by the estimate,
expressed as a percentage. These CV controls assume a
6-percent unemployment rate to establish a consistent specification of sampling error.
The current sample design, introduced in January 1996,
includes about 59,000 households from 754 sample areas
and maintains a 1.9-percent CV on national monthly estimates
of unemployment level. This translates into a change of 0.2
percentage point in the unemployment rate being significant
at a 90-percent confidence level. For each of the 50 States and
for the District of Columbia, the design maintains a CV of at
most 8 percent on the annual average estimate of unemployment level, assuming a 6-percent unemployment rate. Due to
the national reliability criterion, estimates for several large
States are substantially more reliable than the State design
criterion requires. Annual average unemployment estimates
for California, Florida, New York, and Texas, for example,
carry a CV of less than 4 percent.
In the first stage of sampling, the 754 sample areas are
chosen. In the second stage, ultimate sampling unit clusters composed of about four housing units each are selected.
Each month, about 59,000 housing units are assigned for
data collection, of which about 50,000 are occupied and
thus eligible for interview. The remainder are units found to
be destroyed, vacant, converted to nonresidential use, containing persons whose usual place of residence is elsewhere,
or ineligible for other reasons. Of the 50,000 housing units,
about 6.5 percent are not interviewed in a given month due
to temporary absence (vacation, etc.), other failures to make
contact after repeated attempts, inability of persons contacted to respond, unavailability for other reasons, and refusals to cooperate (about half of the noninterviews). Information is obtained each month for about 94,000 persons 16
years of age or older.
Selection of sample areas. The entire area of the United
States, consisting of 3,141 counties and independent cities,
is divided into 2,007 sample units (PSUs). In most States, a
PSU consists of a county or a number of contiguous counties. In New England and Hawaii, minor civil divisions are
used instead of counties.
Metropolitan areas within a State are used as a basis for
forming PSUs. Outside of metropolitan areas, counties normally are combined except when the geographic area of an
individual county is too large. Combining counties to form
PSUs provides greater heterogeneity; a typical PSU includes
urban and rural residents of both high and low economic
levels and encompasses, to the extent feasible, diverse occupations and industries. Another important consideration
is that the PSU be sufficiently compact so that, with a small
sample spread throughout, it can be efficiently canvassed
without undue travel cost.
The 2,007 PSUs are grouped into strata within each State.
Then, one PSU is selected from each stratum with the probability of selection proportional to the population of the PSU.
Nationally, there are a total of 428 PSUs in strata by themselves. These strata are self-representing and are generally
the most populous PSUs in each State. The 326 remaining
strata are formed by combining PSUs that are similar in
such characteristics as unemployment, proportion of housing units with three or more persons, number of persons
employed in various industries, and average monthly wages
for various industries. The single PSU randomly selected
from each of these strata is nonself-representing because it
represents not only itself but the entire stratum. The probability of selecting a particular PSU in a nonself-representing stratum is proportional to its 1990 population. For
example, within a stratum, the chance that a PSU with a
population of 50,000 would be selected for the sample is
twice that for a PSU having a population of 25,000.
Selection of sample households. Because the sample design is State based, the sampling ratio differs by State and
depends on State population size as well as both national
170
and State reliability requirements. The State sampling ratios range roughly from 1 in every 100 households to 1 in
every 3,000 households. The sampling ratio occasionally is
modified slightly to hold the size of the sample relatively
constant given the overall growth of the population. The
sampling ratio used within a sample PSU depends on the
probability of selection of the PSU and the sampling ratio
for the State. In a sample PSU with a probability of selection of 1 in 10 and a State sampling ratio of 3,000, a withinPSU sampling ratio of 1 in 300 achieves the desired ratio of
1 in 3,000 for the stratum.
The 1990 within-PSU sample design was developed using block-level data from the 1990 census. (The 1990 census was the first decennial census that produced data at the
block level for the entire country.) Normally, census blocks
are bounded by streets and other prominent physical features such as rivers or railroad tracks. County, minor civil
division, and census place limits also serve as block boundaries. In cities, blocks can be bounded by four streets and
be quite small in land area. In rural areas, blocks can be
several square miles in size.
For the purpose of sample selection, census blocks were
grouped into three strata: Unit, group quarters, and area.
(Occasionally, units within a block were split between the
unit and group-quarters strata.) The unit stratum contained
regular housing units with addresses that were easy to locate (for example, most single-family homes, townhouses,
condominiums, apartment units, and mobile homes). The
group-quarters stratum contained housing units in which
residents shared common facilities or received formal or
authorized care or custody. Unit and group-quarters blocks
exist primarily in urban areas. The area stratum contains
blocks with addresses that are more difficult to locate. Area
blocks exist primarily in rural areas.
To reduce the variability of the survey estimates and to
ensure that the within-PSU sample would reflect the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the PSU, blocks
within the unit, group-quarters, and area strata were sorted
using geographic and block-level data from the census.
Examples of the census variables used for sorting include
proportion of minority renter-occupied housing units, proportion of housing units with female householders, and proportion of owner-occupied housing units. The specific sorting variables used differed by type of PSU (urban or rural)
and stratum.
Within each block, housing units were sorted geographically and grouped into clusters of approximately four units.
A systematic sample of these clusters was then selected
independently from each stratum using the appropriate withinPSU sampling ratio. The geographic clustering of the sample
units reduces field representative travel costs. Prior to interviewing, special listing procedures are used to locate the particular sample addresses in the group-quarters and area blocks.
Units in the three strata described above all existed at the
time of the 1990 decennial census. Through a series of additional procedures, a sample of building permits is included
in the CPS to represent housing units built after the decen-
171
nial census. Adding these newly built units keeps the sample
up-to-date and representative of the population. It also helps
to keep the sample size stable: Over the life of the sample,
the addition of newly built housing units compensates for
the loss of "old" units that may be abandoned, demolished,
or converted to nonresidential use.
Rotation of sample. Part of the sample is changed each
month. Each monthly sample is divided into eight representative subsamples or rotation groups. A given rotation group
is interviewed for a total of 8 months, divided into two equal
periods. It is in the sample for 4 consecutive months, leaves
the sample during the following 8 months, and then returns
for another 4 consecutive months. In each monthly sample,
one of the eight rotation groups is in the first month of enumeration, another rotation group is in the second month,
and so on. Under this system, 75 percent of the sample is
common from month to month, and 50 percent is common
from year to year for the same month. This procedure provides a substantial amount of month-to-month and year-toyear overlap in the sample, thus providing better estimates
of change and reducing discontinuities in the data series
without burdening any specific group of households with
an unduly long period of inquiry.
CPS sample, 1947 to present. Table 1-A provides a
description of some aspects of the CPS sample designs in
use since 1947. A more detailed account of the history of
the CPS sample design appears in "The Current Population
Survey: Design and Methodology," Technical Paper 63,
(Washington, U.S. Census Bureau and Bureau of Labor
Statistics, March 2000). available on the Internet at
www.bls.census.gov/cps/tp/tp63.htm. A description of the
1990 census-based sample design appears in "Redesign of
the Sample for the Current Population Survey," in the May
1994 issue of this publication.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the
results for a given month become available simultaneously
and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data
from each sample person by the inverse of the probability
of the person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure of the number of actual persons that the sample person
represents. Since 1985, most sample persons within the same
State have had the same probability of selection. Some selection probabilities may differ within a State due to the
sample design or for operational reasons. Field subsampling,
for example, which is carried out when areas selected for
the sample are found to contain many more households than
expected, may cause probabilities of selection to differ for
some sample areas within a State. Through a series of estimation steps (outlined below), the selection probabilities
are adjusted for noninterviews and survey undercoverage;
data from previous months are incorporated into the estimates through the composite estimation procedure.
Table 1 -A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to present
Period
Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954
Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956
May 1956 to Dec. 1959
Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963
Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966
Jan. 1967 to July 1971
Aug. 1971 to July 1972
Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977
Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979
Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981
May 1981 to Dec. 1984
Jan. 1985 to Mar. 1988
Apr. 1988 to Mar. 1989
April 1989toOct. 1994 3
Nov. 1994 to Aug.1995 4
Sept. 1995 to Dec. 1995
Jan. 1996 to present
Households eligible
Number of sample
areas
Interviewed
68
230
330
2
333
357
449
449
461
614
629
629
729
729
729
792
792
754
21,000
21,000
33,500
33,500
33,500
48,000
45,000
45,000
53,500
62,200
57,800
57,000
53,200
57,400
54,500
52,900
46,800
1
Not interviewed
500-1,000
500-1,000
1,500
1,500
1,500
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,500
2,800
2,500
2,500
2,600
2,600
3,500
3,400
3,200
Households visited
but not eligible
3,000-3,500
3,000-3,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
8,500
8,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
11,000
11,000
11,500
11,800
10,000
9,700
9,000
1
Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coverage in
each State and the District of Columbia.
2
Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska and Hawaii
after statehood.
3
The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-month period, AprilNovember 1989.
4
Includes 2,000 additional assigned housing units from Georgia and Virginia
that were gradually phased in during the 10-month period, October 1994August1995.
1. Noninterview adjustment The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to account for occupied sample
households for which no information was obtained because
of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability of
the respondents for other reasons. This noninterview adjustment is made separately for clusters of similar sample areas
that are usually, but not necessarily, contained within a State.
Similarity of sample areas is based on Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and size. Within each cluster, there
is a further breakdown by residence. Each MSA cluster is
split by "central city" and "balance of the MSA." Each
non-MSA cluster is split by "urban" and "rural" residence
categories. The proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from 6 to 7 percent, depending on weather,
vacation, etc.
that are not self-representing and for those States that have
a substantial number of black households. The procedure
corrects for differences that existed in each State cell at the
time of the 1990 census between 1) the race distribution
of the population in sample PSUs and 2) the race distribution of all PSUs. (Both 1 and 2 exclude self-representing
PSUs.)
b. Second-stage ratio estimation. This procedure substantially reduces the variability of estimates and corrects,
to some extent, for CPS undercoverage. The CPS sample
weights are adjusted to ensure that sample-based estimates
of population match independent population controls. Three
sets of controls are used:
1)51 State controls of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older,
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from
that of the population as a whole in such characteristics as
age, race, sex, and State of residence. Because these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the
sample, the survey estimates can be substantially improved
when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of
these population characteristics. This is accomplished
through two stages of ratio adjustment, as follows:
2) National civilian noninstitutional population controls
for 14 Hispanic and 5 non-Hispanic age-sex categories,
3) National civilian noninstitutional population controls for 66 white, 42 black, and 10 "other" age-sex categories.
The independent population controls are prepared by projecting forward the resident population as enumerated on
April 1, 1990. The projections are derived by updating demographic census data with information from a variety of
other data sources that account for births, deaths, and net
migration. Estimated numbers of resident Armed Forces personnel and institutionalized persons reduce the resident
population to the civilian noninstitutional population. Esti-
a. First-stage ratio estimation. The purpose of the firststage ratio adjustment is to reduce the contribution to variance that results from selecting a sample of PSUs rather
than drawing sample households from every PSU in the
Nation. This adjustment is made to the CPS weights in two
race cells: Black and nonblack; it is applied only to PSUs
172
about all persons in the sample; differences in the interpretation of questions; inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide correct information; inability of respondents to
recall information; errors made in collecting and processing the data; errors made in estimating values for missing
data; and failure to represent all sample households and all
persons within sample households (undercoverage).
Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase of
the survey are studied by means of a reinterview program.
This program is used to estimate various sources of error, as
well as to evaluate and control the work of the interviewers.
A random sample of each interviewer's work is inspected
through reinterview at regular intervals. The results indicate, among other things, that the data published from the
CPS are subject to moderate systematic biases. A description of the CPS reinterview program and some results may
be found in "The Current Population Survey Reinterview
Program, January 1961 through December 1966," Technical Paper No. 19 (Washington, U.S. Census Bureau, 1968).
The effects of some components of nonsampling error in
the CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotation
plan used for the sample, because the level of the estimates
varies by rotation group. A description appears in Barbara
A. Bailar, "The Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimates
from Panel Surveys," Journal of the American Statistical
Association, March 1975, pp. 23-30.
Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housing
units and missed persons within sample households. The
CPS covers about 92 percent of the decennial census population (adjusted for census undercount). It is known that
the CPS undercoverage varies with age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally, undercoverage is larger for men
than for women and is larger for blacks, Hispanics, and other
races than for whites. Ratio adjustment to independent agesex-race-origin population controls, as described previously,
partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercoverage.
However, biases exist in the estimates to the extent that
missed persons in missed households or missed persons in
interviewed households have characteristics different from
those of interviewed persons in the same age-sex-race-origin group.
Additional information on nonsampling error in the CPS
appears in Camilla Brooks and Barbara Bailar, "An Error
Profile: Employment as Measured by the Current Population Survey," Statistical Policy Working Paper 3 (Washington, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards, September 1978); Marvin
Thompson and Gary Shapiro, "The Current Population Survey: An Overview," Annals of Economic and Social Measurement, Vol. 2, April 1973; and "The Current Population
Survey: Design and Methodology," Technical Paper 63
(Washington, U.S. Census Bureau and Bureau of Labor Statistics, March 2000), available on the Internet at
www.bls.census.gov/cps/tp/tp63.htm. The last document
includes a comprehensive discussion of various sources of
errors and describes attempts to measure them in the CPS.
mates of net census undercount, determined from the Post
Enumeration Survey, are added to the population projections. Prior to January 1994, the projections were based on
earlier censuses, and there was no correction for census
undercount. A summary of the current procedures used to
make population projections is given in "Revisions in the
Current Population Survey Effective January 1994," appearing in the February 1994 issue of this publication.
3. Composite estimation procedure. The last step in the
preparation of most CPS estimates makes use of a composite estimation procedure. The composite estimate consists
of a weighted average of two factors: The two-stage ratio
estimate based on the entire sample from the current month
and the composite estimate for the previous month, plus an
estimate of the month-to-month change based on the six
rotation groups common to both months. In addition, a bias
adjustment term is added to the weighted average to
account for relative bias associated with month-in-sample
estimates. This month-in-sample bias is exhibited by
unemployment estimates for persons in their first and fifth
months in the CPS being generally higher than estimates
obtained for the other months.
The composite estimate results in a reduction in the sampling error beyond that which is achieved after the two stages
of ratio adjustment. For some items, the reduction is substantial. The resultant gains in reliability are greatest in estimates
of month-to-month change, although gains usually are also
obtained for estimates of level in a given month, change from
year to year, and change over other intervals of time.
Rounding of estimates
The sums of individual items may not always equal the
totals shown in the same tables because of independent
rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand.
Similarly, sums of percent distributions may not always
equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant.
Reliability of the estimates
An estimate based on a sample survey has two types of error — sampling error and nonsampling error. The estimated
standard errors provided in this publication are approximations of the true sampling errors. They incorporate the
effect of some nonsampling errors in response and enumeration, but do not account for any systematic biases in the
data.
Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error
is unknown, but special studies have been conducted to quantify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS. The
effect of nonsampling error is small on estimates of relative
change, such as month-to-month change; estimates of
monthly levels tend to be affected to a greater degree.
Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed to many
sources, for example, the inability to obtain information
173
Table 1 -B. Approximate standard errors for major employment
status categories
(In thousands)
Sampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, estimates differ from the true population values that they represent. This difference, or sampling error, occurs by chance, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. Sample estimates from a given survey design are unbiased when an
average of the estimates from all possible samples would
yield, hypothetically, the true population value. In this case,
the sample estimate and its standard error can be used to
construct approximate confidence intervals, or ranges of
values that include the true population value with known
probabilities. If the process of selecting a sample from the
population were repeated many times, an estimate made from
each sample, and a suitable estimate of its standard error
calculated for each sample, then:
267
273
131
174
177
166
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
184
196
83
120
128
106
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
209
215
11
136
140
98
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
90
95
56
81
91
93
113
121
64
73
79
81
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force.
Employed
Unemployed
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.645
standard errors below the estimate to 1.645 standard errors
above the estimate would include the true population value.
Black
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force...
Employed
Unemployed
Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
OO OO CO
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from 1.96
standard errors below the estimate to 1.96 standard errors
above the estimate would include the true population value.
Consecutive
month-tomonth change
Total
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one
standard error below the estimate to one standard error above
the estimate would include the true population value.
These confidence interval statements are approximately
true for the CPS. Although the estimating methods used in
the CPS do not produce unbiased estimates, biases for most
estimates are believed to be small. Methods for estimating
standard errors reflect not only sampling errors but also some
kinds of nonsampling error. Although both the estimates
and the estimated standard errors depart from the theoretical ideal, the departures are minor and have little impact on
the confidence interval statements. When clarity is needed,
an estimated confidence interval is specified to be "approximate," as is the estimated standard error used in the computation.
Tables 1-B through 1-D are provided so that approximate
standard errors of estimates can be easily obtained. Tables
1-B and 1-C give approximate standard errors for estimated
monthly levels and rates for selected employment status
characteristics; the tables also provide approximate standard errors for consecutive month-to-month changes in the
estimates. It is impractical to show approximate standard
errors for all CPS estimates in this publication, so table 1-D
provides parameters and factors that allow the user to calculate approximate standard errors for a wide range of estimated levels, rates, and percentages, and also changes over
time. The parameters and factors are used in formulas that
are commonly called generalized variance functions.
The approximate standard errors provided in this publication are based on the sample design and estimation procedures as of 1996, and reflect the population levels and
sample size as of that year. Standard errors for years prior
Monthly
level
Characteristic
53
55
50
Women, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
72
11
40
47
50
50
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
42
39
28
40
38
46
90
100
54
59
65
69
Hispanic origin
Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
to 1996 may be roughly approximated by applying these
adjustments to the standard errors presented here. (More
accurate standard error estimates for historical CPS data may
be found in previous issues of this publication.)
1. For the years 1967 through 1995, multiply the standard errors by 0.96.
2. For the years 1956 through 1966, multiply the standard errors by 1.17.
3. For years prior to 1956, multiply the standard errors by
1.44.
Use of tables 1-B and 1-C. These tables provide a quick
reference for standard errors of major characteristics. Table
174
Table 1 -C. Approximate standard errors for unemployment rates
by major characteristics
1-B gives approximate standard errors for estimates of
monthly levels and consecutive month-to-month changes in
levels for major employment status categories. Table 1-C
gives approximate standard errors for estimates of monthly
unemployment rates and consecutive month-to-month
changes in unemployment rates for some demographic,
occupational, and industrial categories. For characteristics
not given in tables 1-B and 1-C, refer to table 1-D.
(In percent)
Characteristic
Total
Men
Men, 20 years and over
Women
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
White
Black
Hispanic origin
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
Consecutive
Monthly
month-torate
month change
0.09
.12
.12
.13
.13
.66
.10
.39
.37
.12
.14
.43
0.12
.16
.15
.17
.16
.12
.15
.17
.16
.21
.21
.16
.39
.27
.21
.49
.34
.23
.29
1.51
.58
.29
.37
1.92
.74
.33
.28
.40
.50
.42
.35
.50
.64
.50
.30
.63
.38
.45
.57
.45
.58
.66
1.80
.84
2.29
.69
.72
.88
.91
.11
.22
1.67
.51
.23
.29
.38
.12
.14
.27
2.12
.65
.29
.36
.48
.16
.34
.23
.29
.18
.18
1.07
.43
.30
.37
.23
.23
1.36
Illustration. Suppose that, for a given month, the number
of women age 20 years and over in the civilian labor force
is estimated to be 60,000,000. For this characteristic, the
approximate standard error of 245,000 is given in table
1-B in the row "Women, 20 years and over; Civilian labor
force." To calculate an approximate 90-percent confidence
interval, multiply the standard error of 245,000 by the factor 1.645 to obtain 403,000. This number is subtracted
from and then added to 60,000,000 to obtain an approximate 90-percent confidence interval: 59,597,000 to
60,403,000. Concluding that the true civilian labor force
level lies within an interval calculated in this way would
be correct for roughly 90 percent of all possible samples
that could have been selected for the CPS.
1.08
.12
.49
.47
.15
.18
.54
Occupation
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative,
and managerial
Professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative
support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including
clerical
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and
protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft,
and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors
Transportation and material moving
occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers,
and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners,
helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
Use of table 1-D. This table gives a and b parameters that
can be used with formulas to calculate approximate monthly
standard errors for a wide range of estimated levels, proportions, and rates. Factors are provided to convert monthly
measures into approximate standard errors of estimates for
other periods (quarterly and yearly averages) and approximate standard errors for changes over time (consecutive
monthly changes, changes in consecutive quarterly and
yearly averages, and changes in monthly estimates 1 year
apart).
The standard errors for estimated changes in level from
one month to the next, one year to the next, etc., depend
more on the monthly levels for characteristics than on the
size of the changes. Likewise, the standard errors for changes
in rates (or percentages) depend more on the monthly rates
(or percentages) than on the size of the changes. Accordingly, the factors presented in table 1-D are applied to the
monthly standard error approximations for levels, percentages, or rates; the magnitudes of the changes do not come
into play. Factors are not given for estimated changes between nonconsecutive months (except for changes of
monthly estimates 1 year apart); however, the standard errors may be assumed to be higher than the standard errors
for consecutive monthly changes.
Industry
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation, communications, and
public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate ..
Services
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
Standard errors of estimated levels using table 1-D. The
approximate standard error se{x) of x, an estimated monthly
level, can be obtained using the formula below, where a and
b are the parameters from table 1-D associated with a particular characteristic.
+bx
175
Illustration. Assume that, in a given a month, there are an
estimated 3 million unemployed men. Obtain the appropriate a and b parameters from table 1-D (Total or white; Men;
Unemployed). Use the formula for se{x) to compute an approximate standard error on the estimate of x = 3,000,000.
a = -0.0000348
Step 3. Determine the standard error se (x,f) on the average level or on the change in level. Multiply the result from
step 2 by the appropriate factor /. The a and b parameters
used in step 2 and the factor/used in this step come from
the same line in table 1-D.
b = 2927.43
Illustration of a standard error computation for consecutive month change in level. Continuing the previous example, suppose that in the next month the estimated number of unemployed men increases by 150,000, from
3,000,000 to 3,150,000.
^(3,000,000) = V- 0.0000348(3,000,000)2 + 2927.43(3,000,000) « 92,000
Procedure for using table 1-D factors for levels. Table 1-D
gives factors that can be used to compute approximate standard errors of levels for other periods or for changes over
time. For each characteristic, factors/are given for:
Step 1. The average of the two monthly levels is x =
3,075,000.
Step 2. Apply the a and b parameters from table 1-D
(Total or white; Men; Unemployed) to the average x, treating it like an estimate for a single month.
Consecutive month-to-month changes
Changes in monthly estimates 1 year apart
Quarterly averages
a = -0.0000348
b = 2927.43
Changes in consecutive quarterly averages
Yearly averages
A^(3,075,000) = ^-0.0000348(3,075,000)* + 2927.43(3,075,000) « 93,000
Changes in consecutive yearly averages
Step 3. Obtain/= 1.27 from the same row of table 1-D in
the column "Consecutive month-to-month change," and multiply the factor by the result from step 2.
For a given characteristic, the table 1-D factor is used in
the following formula, which also uses the a and b parameters from the same line of the table. A three-step procedure for using the formula is given. The/in the formula is
frequently called an adjustment factor, because it appears
to adjust a monthly standard error se(x). However, the x in
the formula is not a monthly level, but an average of several
monthly levels (see examples listed under Step 1, below).
se(\ 50,000) = / * ^(3,075,000) = 1.27 * 93,000 « 118,000
For an approximate 90-percent confidence interval, compute 1.645 * 118,000 « 194,000. Subtract the number from
and add the number to 150,000 to obtain an interval
of -44,000 to 344,000. This is an approximate 90-percent
confidence interval for the true change, and since this interval includes zero, one cannot assert at this level of confidence that any real change has occurred in the unemployment level. The result also can be expressed by saying that
the apparent change of 150,000 is not significant at a 90percent confidence level.
se(x, / ) = / * se(x) = f * J(ax2 + bx)
where x is an average of monthly levels over a designated
period.
Step 1. Average monthly levels appropriately in order to
obtain x. Levels for 3 months are averaged for quarterly
averages, and those for 12 months are averaged for yearly
averages. For changes in consecutive averages, average over
the 2 months, 2 quarters, or 2 years involved. For changes
in monthly estimates 1 year apart, average the 2 months
involved.
Illustration of a standard error computation for quarterly
average level. Suppose that an approximate standard error
is desired for a quarterly average of the black employment
level. Suppose that the estimated employment levels for
the 3 months making up the quarter are 14,900,000,
15,000,000, and 15,100,000.
Step 1. The average of the three monthly levels is x =
15,000,000.
Step 2. Calculate an approximate standard error se(x),
treating the average x from step 1 as if it were an estimate of
level for a single month. Obtain parameters a and b from
table 1-D. (Note that, for some characteristics, an approximate standard error of level could instead be obtained from
table 1-B and used in place of se{x) in the formula.)
Step 2. Apply the a and b parameters from table 1-D
(Black; Total; Civilian labor force, employed, and not in
labor force) to the average x, treating it like an estimate for
a single month.
176
a = -0.0001541
the base v and the numerator of p are from different categories within the table, use the b parameter from table 1-D
relevant to the numerator of the rate or percentage.
= 3295.99
5^(15,000,000) = yj-0.0001541 (15,000,000)2 + 3295.99(15,000,000) ~ 122,000
Step 3. Obtain/= .86 from the same row of table 1-D in
the column "Quarterly averages," and multiply the factor
by the result from step 2.
se(p,y)=l-p(W0-p)
Note that se(p,y) is in percent.
^(15,000,000) = .86 * 122,000 « 105,000
Illustration. For a given month, suppose v = 6,200,000
women 20 to 24 years of age are estimated to be employed.
Of this total, 2,000,000, or p = 32 percent, are classified as
part-time workers. Obtain the parameter b = 3005.06 from
the table 1 -D row (Employment; Part-time workers) that is
relevant to the numerator of the percentage. Apply the formula to obtain:
Illustration of a standard error computation for change in
quarterly level. Continuing the example, suppose that, in
the next quarter, the estimated average employment level
for blacks is 15,400,000, based on monthly levels of
15,300,000, 15,400,000, and 15,500,000. This is an estimated increase of 400,000 over the previous quarter.
Step 1. The average of the two quarterly levels is x =
15,200,000.
se(p,y) =
Step 2. Apply the a and b parameters from table 1-D
(Black; Total; Civilian labor force, employed, and not in
labor force) to the average x, treating it like an estimate for
a single month.
-0.0001541
3005.06
(32)(100-32)-1.0 percent
6,200,000
For an approximate 95-percent confidence interval, compute 1.96 * 1.0 percent, and round the result to 2 percent.
Subtract this from and add this to the estimate of p = 32
percent to obtain an interval of 30 percent to 34 percent.
3295.99
Procedure for using table 1-D factors for rates and percentages. Table 1 -D factors can be used to compute approximate standard errors on rates and percentages for other
periods or for changes over time. As for levels, there are
three steps in the procedure for using the formula.
se{\5,200,000) = V" 0.0001541(15,200,000) 2 + 3295.99( 15,200,000) - 120,000
Step 3. Obtain/= .78 from the same row of table 1-D in
the column "Change in consecutive quarterly averages," and
multiply the factor by the result from step 2.
».*/) = .
se(p, y) = f*J- p(\ 00 - p)
^(400,000) = .78 * se{\ 5,200,000) = .78*120,000 * 94,000
where p and y are averages of monthly estimates over a
designated period. Note that se (p, y,f) is in percent.
For an approximate 95-percent confidence interval, compute 1.96 * 94,000 * 184,000. Subtract the number from
and add the number to 400,000 to obtain an interval of
216,000 to 584,000. The interval excludes zero. Another
way of stating this is to observe that the estimated change
of 400,000 clearly exceeds 1.96 standard errors, or 184,000.
One can conclude from these data that the change in
quarterly averages is significant at a 95-percent confidence
level.
Step 1. Appropriately average estimates of monthly rates
or percentages to obtain p, and also average estimates of
monthly levels to obtain y. Rates for 3 months are averaged
for quarterly averages, and those for 12 months are averaged for yearly averages. For changes in consecutive averages, average over the 2 months, 2 quarters, or 2 years
involved. For changes in monthly estimates 1 year apart,
average the 2 months involved.
Standard errors of estimated rates and percentages using
table 1-D. As shown in the formula below, the approximate
standard error se(p,y) of an estimated rate or percentage p
depends, in part, upon the number of persons y in its base or
denominator. Generally, rates and percentages are not published unless the monthly base is greater than 75,000 persons, the quarterly average base is greater than 60,000 persons, or the yearly average base is greater than 35,000 persons. The b parameter is obtained from table 1-D. When
Step 2. Calculate an approximate standard error
(P> y), treating the averages p and y from step 1 as if they
were estimates for a single month. Obtain the b parameter
from the table 1-D row that describes the numerator of the
rate or percentage. (Note that, for some characteristics, an
approximate standard error could instead be obtained from
table 1-C and used in place of se (/?, y) in the formula.)
se
177
Step 3. Determine the standard error se (p,y,f) on the
average level or on the change in level. Multiply the result
from step 2 by the appropriate factor /. The b parameter
used in step 2 and the factor/used in this step come from
the same line in table 1-D.
(Employment; Part-time workers) to the averaged p and y,
treating the averages like estimates for a single month.
Illustration of a standard error computation for consecutive month change in percentage. Continuing the previous
example, suppose that, in the next month, 6,300,000 women
20 to 24 years of age are reported employed, and that
2,150,000, or 34 percent, are part-time workers.
Step 3. Obtain/= .65 from the same row of table 1-D in
the column "Consecutive month-to-month change," and multiply the factor by the result from step 2.
Step 1. The month-to-month change is 2 percent = 34
percent - 32 percent. The average of the two monthly percentages of 32 percent and 34 percent is needed (p = 33
percent), as is the average of the two bases of 6,200,000 and
6,300,000 (y = 6,250,000).
For an approximate 95-percent confidence interval,
compute 1.96 * .65 percent, and round the result to 1.3 percent. Subtract this from and add this to the 2-percent estimate of change to obtain an interval of 0.7 percent to
3.3 percent. Because this interval excludes zero, it can be
concluded at a 95-percent confidence level that the change
is significant.
se(p,y) =
se{2%) = .65* 1.0 percent = .65 percent
Step 2. Apply the b = 3005.06 parameter from table 1-D
3005.06
(33)(100-33) «1.0 percent
6,250,000
178
Table 1 -D. Parameters and factors for computation of approximate standard errors for estimates of monthly levels
Factors
Parameters
Consecutive Year-to-year
change
month-toof monthly
month
estimates
change
Characheristic
Quarterly
averages
Change in
consecutive
quarterly
averages
Yearly
averages
Change in
consecutive
yearly
averages
Total or white
Total:
Civilian labor force, employed,
and not in labor force
Unemployed
-0.0000077
- .0000174
1586.29
3005.06
0.65
1.27
1.22
1.38
0.87
.72
0.77
.91
0.68
.42
0.81
.57
Men:
Civilian labor force, employed,
and not in labor force
Unemployed
- .0000348
- .0000348
2927.43
2927.43
.65
1.27
1.23
1.39
.86
.72
.79
.91
.66
.43
.80
.57
Women:
Civilian labor force, employed,
and not in labor force
Unemployed
.0000325
.0000325
2693.27
2693.27
.65
1.27
1.22
1.39
.87
.71
.78
.90
.67
.41
.81
.55
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force, employed,
and not in labor force
Unemployed
.0002436
.0002436
3005.06
3005.06
.96
1.65
1.32
1.37
.81
.68
.87
.88
.55
.40
.71
.53
Total:
Civilian labor force, employed,
and not in labor force
Unemployed
.0001541
.0001541
3295.99
3295.99
.65
1.28
1.22
1.38
.86
.73
.78
.90
.66
.43
.80
.58
Men:
Civilian labor force, employed,
and not in labor force
Unemployed
.0003361
.0003361
3332.28
3332.28
.65
1.27
1.25
1.37
.84
.73
.82
.91
.62
.43
.76
.58
Women:
Civilian labor force, employed,
and not in labor force
Unemployed
.0002321
.0002821
2944.26
2944.26
.65
1.27
1.27
1.39
.84
.71
.80
.90
.64
.41
.78
.56
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force, employed,
and not in labor force
Unemployed
.0015306
.0015306
3295.99
3295.99
.96
1.65
1.33
1.37
.80
.68
.85
.86
.56
.41
.70
.52
Total:
Civilian labor force, employed,
and not in labor force
Unemployed
.0001868
.0001868
3295.99
3295.99
.65
1.28
1.20
1.38
.86
.71
.82
.90
.65
.42
.78
.56
Men:
Civilian labor force, employed,
and not in labor force
Unemployed
.0003630
.0003630
3332.28
3332.28
.65
1.29
1.26
1.38
.84
.71
.82
.90
.62
.41
.76
.55
Women:
Civilian labor force, employed,
and not in labor force
Unemployed
.0003800
.0003800
2944.26
2944.26
.65
1.27
1.21
1.38
.86
.71
.84
.89
.63
.41
.76
.55
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:
Civilian labor force, employed,
and not in labor force
Unemployed
.0018224
.0018224
3295.99
3295.99
.96
1.65
1.34
1.42
.81
.70
.84
.89
.58
.41
.73
.55
Black
Hispanic origin
179
Table 1 -D. Parameters and factors for computation of approximate standard errors for estimates of monthly levels—Continued
Parameters
Characheristic
Factors
Consecutive Year-to-year
month-tochange
month
of monthly
change
estimates
Quarterly
averages
Change in
consecutive
quarterly
averages
Yearly
averages
Change in
consecutive
yearly
averages
Employment
Educational attainment
-0.0000174
3005.06
0.65
1.11
0.87
0.92
0.61
0.74
Marital status, men
Marital status, women
Women who maintain families ..
- .0000348
- .0000325
- .0000325
2927.43
2693.27
2693.27
.65
.65
.65
1.15
1.18
1.18
.86
.85
.85
.93
.94
.94
.59
.57
.57
.72
.72
.72
Mining and manufacturing
Other industries and
occupations
- .0000174
3005.06
.37
.98
.91
.78
.74
.84
- .0000174
3005.06
.65
1.25
.85
.97
.55
.70
.0013447
.0013447
.0013447
.0013447
2989.22
2989.22
2989.22
2989.22
.62
.62
.65
.65
1.22
1.22
.92
1.21
.84
.84
.91
.80
.91
.91
.80
.96
.57
.57
.73
.49
.72
.72
.82
.61
.0000174
.0000174
.0000174
.0000174
3005.06
3005.06
3005.06
3005.06
.65
.65
.65
.65
1.15
1.13
1.15
1.26
.88
.88
.87
.81
.75
.84
.96
.95
.71
.67
.58
.50
.83
.79
.71
.65
- .0000174
- .0000174
- .0000174
3005.06
3005.06
.65
.65
1.17
1.27
.85
.81
.92
.89
.59
.55
.72
.69
3005.06
1.27
1.29
.78
.91
.50
.64
- .0000174
- .0000174
- .0000174
- .0000174
- .0000174
- .0000174
- .0000174
3005.06
3005.06
3005.06
3005.06
3005.06
3005.06
3005.06
.65
1.65
1.27
1.65
1.27
1.65
1.27
1.21
1.36
1.33
1.34
1.30
1.34
1.25
.84
.67
.73
.67
.76
.71
.78
.77
.86
.88
.86
.87
.86
.86
.66
.38
.45
.39
.51
.45
.53
.79
.51
.58
.51
.64
.57
.65
- .0000174
3005.06
1.47
1.37
.67
.87
.39
.52
- .0000174
3005.06
1.27
1.29
.74
.85
.49
.62
Educational attainment
.0000174
3005.06
1.27
1.38
.72
.91
.42
.57
Marital status, men
Marital status, women
Women who maintain families ..
.0000348
.0000325
.0000325
2927.43
2693.27
2693.27
1.27
1.27
1.27
1.39
1.39
1.39
.72
.71
.71
.91
.90
.90
.43
.41
.41
.57
.55
.55
Industries and occupations
.0000174
3005.06
1.27
1.38
.72
.91
.42
.57
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
.0000174
.0000174
3005.06
3005.06
1.27
1.65
1.38
1.40
.72
.69
.91
.88
.42
.40
.57
.53
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 to 26 weeks
15+or 27+weeks
.0000174
.0000174
.0000174
.0000174
3005.06
3005.06
3005.06
3005.06
1.27
1.65
1.65
1.27
1.38
1.37
1.39
1.42
.72
.66
.67
.75
.91
.88
.89
.93
.42
.35
.36
.44
.57
.50
.50
.60
All reasons for unemployment,
except temporary layoff
On temporary layoff
.0000174
.0000174
3005.06
3005.06
1.27
1.65
1.38
1.35
.72
.68
.91
.87
.42
.40
.57
.53
- .0000077
1586.29
.65
1.22
.87
.77
.68
.81
- .0000174
3005.06
1.65
1.41
.63
.83
.36
.48
Agriculture:
Total
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Total
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Multiple jobholders
-
At work
Total and nonagricultural
industries:
Total
1 to 4 and 5 to 14 hours
15 to 29 hours
30 to 34 or 35 to 39 hours
1 to 34 or 40 hours
41 to 48 or 49 to 59 hours
35+, 41 +, or 60+ hours
Part time for economic reasons
Part time for noneconomic
reasons
Unemployment
Not in the labor force
Total
Persons who currently want
a job and discouraged
workers
180
Establishment Data
("B" tables)
reporting errors that may have been missed in the initial
State editing; the edited data are used to prepare national
estimates.
DATA COLLECTION
BLS cooperates with State Employment Security Agencies
in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establishment
survey to collect data each month on employment, hours, and
earnings from a sample of nonfarm establishments (including government). This sample includes about 350,000
reporting units. From these data, a large number of employment, hours, and earnings series in considerable industry and
geographic detail are prepared and published each month.
Historical statistics are available at http://www.bls.gov, the
BLS Internet site.
Each month, BLS and the State agencies collect data on
employment, payrolls, and paid hours from a sample of
establishments. Data are collected by touchtone data entry
(TDE) from most respondents. Under the TDE system, the
respondent uses a touchtone telephone to call a toll-free
number and activate an interview session. The questionnaire
resides on the computer in the form of prerecorded questions
that are read to the respondent. The respondent enters numeric
responses by pressing the touchtone phone buttons. Each
answer is read back for respondent verification.
For establishments that do not use TDE, data are collected
mostly by mail, FAX, or Electronic Data Interchange (EDI),
or on magnetic tape or computer diskette. Computer-assisted
telephone interviewing (CATI) is used for a small number of
respondents (5 percent). BLS is also pilot testing reporting
via the World Wide Web. Chart 1 shows the percentages of
the establishments using different data collection methods.
All reports are edited by the State agencies each month to
make sure that the data are correctly reported and that they
are consistent with the data reported by the establishment in
earlier months. The State agencies forward the data to BLSWashington. They also use the data to develop State and area
estimates of employment, hours, and earnings. At BLS, the
data are edited again by computer to detect processing and
CONCEPTS
Industrial classification
Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classified into
industries on the basis of their principal product or activity,
as determined from information on annual sales volume. Since
January 1980, this information has been collected on a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports
filed by employers. For an establishment making more than
one product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire
employment of the establishment is included under the industry indicated by the principal product or activity.
All data on employment, hours, and earnings for the Nation (beginning with August 1990 data) and for States and
areas (beginning with January 1990 data) are classified in
accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification
Manual (SIC), U.S. Office of Management and Budget.
Industry employment
Employment data, except those for the Federal Government,
refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received pay
for any part of the pay period that includes the 12th day of
the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the number of persons who occupied
positions, either full- or part-time, on the last day of the calendar month or the last day of the last full pay period of the
calendar month. Intermittent Federal Government workers
are counted if they performed any service during the month.
Agencies are required to consistently report employment data
on either a calendar month basis or pay period basis. The
only exception to this rule occurs at the end of the fiscal year
when all agencies are required to report data as of September
30th.
The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid
volunteer or family workers, farmworkers, and domestic workers. Salaried officers of corporations are included. Government employment covers only civilian employees; military
personnel are excluded. Employees of the Central Intelligence
Agency, the National Security Agency, and the Defense Intelligence Agency also are excluded.
Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick
leave (for cases in which pay is received directly from the
firm), on paid holiday, or on paid vacation, or who work during a part of the pay period even though they are unemployed
or on strike during the rest of the period are counted as
employed. Not counted as employed are persons who are on
layoff, on leave without pay, or on strike for the entire
period, or who were hired but have not yet reported during
the period.
Chart 1: Distribution of CES sample by
collection mode
Tape/diskette
7%
FAX/EDI/WEB
11%
Mail
16%
CATI
5%
181
Indexes of diffusion of employment change. These indexes
measure the dispersion among industries of the change in
employment over the specified timespan. The overall indexes
are calculated from 353 seasonally adjusted employment
series (3-digit industries) covering all nonfarm payroll
employment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffusion indexes are based on 136 3-digit industries.
To derive the indexes, each component industry is assigned
a value of 0, 50, or 100 percent, depending on whether its
employment showed a decrease, no change, or an increase,
respectively, over the timespan. The average value (mean)
is then calculated, and this percent is the diffusion index
number.
The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent,
the value indicating that the same number of component
industries had increased as had decreased. Index numbers
above 50 show that more industries had increasing employment and values below 50 indicate that more had decreasing
employment. The margin between the percent that increased
and the percent that decreased is equal to the difference
between the index and its complement—that is, 100 minus
the index. For example, an index of 65 percent means that
30 percent more industries had increasing employment than
had decreasing employment (65-( 100-65) = 30). However,
for dispersion analysis, the distance of the index number
from the 50-percent reference point is the most significant
observation.
Although diffusion indexes commonly are interpreted as
showing the percent of components that increased over the
timespan, it should be remembered that the index reflects half
of the unchanged components as well. (This is the effect of
assigning a value of 50 percent to the unchanged components
when computing the index.)
ing at the site of construction or in shops or yards at jobs
(such as precutting and preassembling) ordinarily performed
by members of the construction trades.
Nonsupervisory employees. These are employees (not above
the working-supervisor level) such as office and clerical
workers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research
aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauticians,
musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants,
line installers and repairers, laborers, janitors, guards,
and other employees at similar occupational levels whose
services are closely associated with those of the employees
listed.
Payroll. This refers to the payroll for full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who
received pay for any part of the pay period that includes the
12th day of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions of any kind, such as those for old-age and unemployment
insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds,
or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, and
vacation, and for sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses
(unless earned and paid regularly each pay period); other pay
not earned in the pay period reported (such as retroactive pay);
tips; and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in
kind are excluded. Employee benefits (such as health and other
types of insurance, contributions to retirement, and so forth,
paid by the employer) also are excluded.
Hours. These are the hours paid for during the pay period
that includes the 12th of the month for production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hours paid for
holidays and vacations, and for sick leave when pay is
received directly from the firm.
Industry hours and earnings
Average hours and earnings data are derived from reports of
payrolls and hours for production and related workers in
manufacturing and mining, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-producing industries.
Overtime hours. These are hours worked by production or
related workers for which overtime premiums were paid because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of
either the straight-time workday or the workweek during the
pay period that included the 12th of the month. Weekend
and holiday hours are included only if overtime premiums
were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard,
incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are
excluded.
Production and related workers. This category includes
working supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (including group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling,
packing, warehousing, shipping, trucking, hauling, maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services, product development,
auxiliary production for plant's own use (for example, power
plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely associated
with the above production operations.
Average weekly hours. The workweek information relates
to the average hours for which pay was received and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as
unpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group averages
further reflect changes in the workweek of component
industries.
Construction workers. This group includes the following
employees in the construction division: Working supervisors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices, helpers, laborers, and so forth, engaged in new work, alterations,
demolition, repair, maintenance, and the like, whether work-
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current month's
aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figures for 1982.
182
panies) are based on monthly data summarized in the M-300
report of the Interstate Commerce Commission, and relate to
all employees except executives, officials, and staff assistants
(ICC group I) who received pay during the month. Average
hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are
obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for,
reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees.
Multiplying average weekly hours by average hourly earnings yields average weekly earnings.
For basic industries, the hours aggregates are the product
of average weekly hours and production worker or
nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher levels of
industry aggregation, hours aggregates are the sum of the
component aggregates.
Average overtime hours. Overtime hours represent that portion of average weekly hours that exceeded regular hours and
for which overtime premiums were paid. If an employee were
to work on a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total
compensation his or her holiday pay plus straight-time pay
for hours worked that day, no overtime hours would be reported.
Because overtime hours are premium hours by definition,
weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in
the same direction from month to month. Such factors as
work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have
the same influence on overtime hours as on average hours.
Diverse trends at the industry group level also may be caused
by a marked change in hours for a component industry in
which little or no overtime was worked in both the previous
and current months.
Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived by
multiplying average weekly hours estimates by average hourly
earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings are affected
not only by changes in average hourly earnings but also by
changes in the length of the workweek. Monthly variations
in such factors as the proportion of part-time workers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnover during the survey
period, and absenteeism for which employees are not paid
may cause the average workweek to fluctuate.
Long-term trends of average weekly earnings can be
affected by structural changes in the makeup of the workforce.
For example, persistent long-term increases in the proportion of part-time workers in retail trade and many of the
services industries have reduced average workweeks in these
industries and have affected the average weekly earnings
series.
Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on a
"gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hourly
and incentive wage rates, but also such variable factors as
premium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changes in
output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They also reflect shifts in the number of employees between relatively
high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers' earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groups and
divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings
for individual industries.
Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period;
rates are the amount stipulated for a given unit of work or
time. The earnings series do not measure the level of total
labor costs on the part of the employer because the following
are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items, payments
of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers,
and earnings for those employees not covered under production worker, construction worker, or nonsupervisory employee
definitions.
Real earnings. These earnings are in constant dollars and
are calculated from the earnings averages for the current month
using a deflator derived from the Consumer Price Index for
Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W). The reference year for these series is 1982.
ESTIMATING METHODS
[NOTE: This section and the next apply to all industries
except those in the mining, construction, manufacturing,
and wholesale trade major industry divisions. (See the
section on CES sample redesign for information on those
industries.)]
The Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establishment
survey estimates of employment are generated through an
annual benchmark and monthly sample link procedure.
Annual universe counts or benchmark levels are generated
primarily from administrative records on employees covered
by unemployment insurance (UI) tax laws. These annual
benchmarks, established for March of each year, are projected
forward for each subsequent month based on the trend of the
sample employment, using an estimation procedure called
the link relative. Benchmarks and sample link relatives are
computed for each basic estimating cell and summed to
create aggregate-level employment estimates.
Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Average
hourly earnings, excluding overtime-premium pay, are computed by dividing the total production worker payroll for the
industry group by the sum of total production worker hours
and one-half of total overtime hours. No adjustments are
made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday
pay, late-shift premiums, and overtime rates other than time
and one-half.
Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I railroads plus Amtrak (excluding switching and terminal com-
183
Benchmarks
For the establishment survey, annual benchmarks are constructed in order to realign the sample-based employment
totals for March of each year with the Ul-based population
counts for March. These population counts are much less
timely than sample-based estimates; however, they provide
an annual point-in-time census for employment.
Population counts are derived from the administrative file
of employees covered by UI. All employers covered by UI
laws are required to report employment and wage information to the appropriate State Employment Security Agency
four times a year. Approximately 99 percent of private employment within the scope of the establishment survey is covered by UI. A benchmark for the remaining 1 percent is constructed from alternate sources, primarily records from the
Interstate Commerce Commission and the Social Security
Administration. The full benchmark developed for March
replaces the March sample-based estimate for each basic cell.
The monthly sample-based estimates for the year preceding
and the year following the benchmark are also then subject to
revision.
Monthly estimates for the year preceding the March benchmark are readjusted using a "wedge-back" procedure. The
difference between the final benchmark level and the previously published March sample estimate is calculated and
spread back across the previous 11 months. The wedge is
linear; eleven-twelfths of the March difference is added to
the February estimate, ten-twelfths to the January estimate,
and so on, back to the previous April estimate, which receives
one-twelfth of the March difference. This assumes that the
total estimation error since the last benchmark accumulated
at a steady rate throughout the current benchmark year.
Estimates for the 11 months following the March benchmark also are recalculated each year. These post-benchmark
estimates reflect the application of sample-based monthly
changes to new benchmark levels for March, and the recomputation of bias adjustment factors for each month. Bias
factors are updated to take into account the most recent experience of the estimates generated by the monthly sample versus the full universe counts derived from the UI.
Following the revision of basic employment estimates, all
other derivative series (such as number of production workers and average hourly earnings) also are recalculated. New
seasonal adjustment factors are calculated and all data series
for the previous 5 years are re-seasonally adjusted before full
publication of all revised data in June of each year.
cells for purposes of computing national employment, hours,
and earnings estimates. Cells are defined primarily by detailed industry, and secondarily by size, for a majority of cells.
In a few industries, mostly within the construction
division, geographic stratification also is used. Industry classification is in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial
Classification Manual (SIC); most estimation cells are
defined at the 4-digit SIC level.
This detailed stratification pattern allows for the production and publication of estimates in considerable industry
detail. Sub-industry stratification by size is important because major statistics that the survey measures, particularly
employment change and average earnings, often vary significantly between establishments of different size. Stratification
reduces the variance of the published industry-level
estimates.
Link relative technique. A ratio of the previous to the current
month's employment is computed from a sample of
establishments reporting for both months—this ratio is called
a "link relative." For each basic cell, a link relative is
computed and applied to the previous month's employment
estimate to derive the current month's estimate. Thus, a March
benchmark is moved forward to the next March benchmark
through application of monthly link relatives. Basic cell
estimates created through the link relative technique are
aggregated to form published industry level estimates for
employment, as described in table 2-A. Basic estimation and
aggregation methods for the hours and earnings data also are
shown in table 2-A.
Model-based adjustment. Except for the goods-producing
and wholesale trade divisions, bias adjustment factors are
computed at the 3-digit SIC level and applied each month at
the basic cell level, as part of the standard estimation
procedures. The main purpose of bias adjustment is to reduce
a primary source of nonsampling error in the survey—the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated
by new firm births. There is a lag of several months between
an establishment's opening for business and its appearing on
the UI universe frame and being available for sampling.
Nonsampling methods must be used to capture the portion of
employment growth accounted for by new firms; otherwise,
substantial underestimation of total employment levels would
occur. Formal bias adjustment procedures have been used in
the establishment survey since the late 1960s. Prior to the
1983 benchmark, bias adjustments were derived from a simple
mean error model, which averaged undercount errors for the
previous 3 years to arrive at bias projections for the coming
year. The undercount errors were measured as the difference
between sample-based estimate results and benchmark levels.
This procedure eventually proved inadequate during periods of rapidly changing employment trends, and the bias adjustment methodology was revised. Research done in the
early 1980s indicated that bias requirements were strongly
correlated with current employment growth or decline. Based
Monthly estimation
Estimates are derived from a sample of approximately 350,000
business establishments nationwide. A current month's estimate is derived as the product of the previous month's estimate and a sample link relative for the current month. A bias
adjustment factor is then applied to this result, primarily to
account for new business births during the month.
Stratification. The sample is stratified into basic estimating
184
Table 2-A. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
for the non-probability-based and the probability-based sample estimates
Non-probability sample
Employment,
hours, and
earnings
Probability sample
Basic estimating cell (industry, Basic estimating cell (industry,
region, size, or region/size cell)
4-digit published level)
Both samples
Aggregate industry level
(division and, where
stratified, industry)
Annual average data
All employees
All-employee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio
of all employees in current
month to all employees in previous month, for sample establishments that reported for both
months.1
All-employee estimate for pre- Sum of all-employee esti- Sum of monthly estivious month multiplied by mates for component cells. mates divided by 12.
weighted ratio of all employees
in current month to all employees in previous month, for
sample establishments, which
reported for both months.2
Production or
nonsupervisory
workers, women
employees
All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by (1)
ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to all
employees in sample establishments for current month, (2)
estimated ratio of women to all
employees.3
All-employee estimate for current month multiplied by (1) the
ratio of the sum of the weighted
production or nonsupervisory
workers and the sum of the
weighted all employees for the
current month and the sum of
the weighted production or
nonsupervisory workers and
the sum of the weighted all employees for the previous month
that is applied to the previous
month's production or nonsupervisory worker ratio, (2) the
ratio of the sum of the weighted
women workers and the sum of
the weighted all employees for
the current month and the sum
of the weighted women workers and the sum of the weighted
all employees for the previous
month that is applied to the previous month's women worker
ratio.
Sum of production or Sum of monthly estinonsupervisory worker es- mates divided by 12.
timates, or estimates of
women employees, for
component cells.
Average weekly
hours
Production or nonsupervisory
worker hours divided by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.3
Production or nonsupervisory
worker hours divided by number of production or nonsupervisory workers.4
Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisory
worker employment, of the
average weekly hours for
component cells.
Annual total of aggregate
hours (production or
nonsupervisory worker
employment multiplied by
average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of
employment.
Average weekly
overtime hours
Production worker overtime Production worker overtime Average, weighted by prohours divided by number of pro- hours divided by number of pro- duction worker employduction workers.3
duction workers.4
ment, of the average
weekly overtime hours for
component cells.
Annual total of aggregate
overtime hours (production or nonsupervisory
worker employment multiplied by average weekly
overtime hours) divided
by annual sum of employment.
Average hourly
earnings
Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll divided by total production or
nonsupervisory worker hours.3
Annual total of aggregate
payrolls (production or
nonsupervisory worker
employment multiplied by
weekly hours and hourly
earnings) divided by annual aggregate hours.
Total production or nonsupervisory worker payroll divided by total production or
nonsupervisory worker hours.4
See footnotes at end of table.
185
Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the average hourly earnings for
component cells.
Table 2-A. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings
for the non-probability-based and the probability-based sample estimates—Continued
Non-probability sample
Employment,
hours, and
earnings
Average weekly
earnings
Probability sample
Basic estimating cell (industry, Basic estimating cell (industry,
region, size, or region/size cell)
4-digit published level)
Both samples
Aggregate industry level
(division and, where
stratified, industry)
Product of average weekly Product of average weekly Product of average weekly
hours and average hourly earn- hours and average hourly earn- hours and average hourly
ings.
earnings.
ings.
1
Annual average data
Product of average weekly
hours and average hourly
earnings.
The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product by
bias adjustment factors that compensate for the underrepresentation
of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in the sample.
2
The estimates are computed by applying a unique monthly birth/
death model component that estimates the residual net birth/death
employment not accounted for by the sample.
3
The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, average weekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings are modified by a wedging technique designed to compensate
for changes in the sample arising mainly from the voluntary characteristics of the reporting. The wedging procedure accepts the advantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, at the
same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of the
latest sample average.
4
A weighted link relative estimator is used to move average weekly
hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly earnings forward from the point at which the probability-based sample estimates
are introduced. For average weekly hours, this ratio is weighted hours
divided by weighted production/nonsupervisory workers. For average hourly earnings, this ratio is weighted payroll divided by weighted
hours. This will effectively preserve the true month-to-month sample
movement if the new probability sample has different levels than the
current sample.
on this research, a revised method was developed that uses
the sample data on employment growth over the most recent
two quarters, and a regression-derived coefficient for the significance of that change, to adjust the mean error model results. This change in methodology provided a more cyclically sensitive bias model. The regression-adjusted mean error
model has been used for the production of national estimates
since 1983.
The current model still has limitations on its ability to react to changing economic conditions or changing error structure relationships between the sample-based estimates and
the UI universe counts. A principal limitation is the inability
to incorporate UI universe counts as they become available
on an ongoing basis, with a 6- to 9-month lag from the reference period. For this reason, the current quarterly outputs
from the model are subject to intervention analysis and adjustments can be made to model results prior to the establishment of final bias levels for a quarter. Review for purposes of
intervention analysis is done primarily in terms of detection
of outlier (abnormally high or low) values, and by comparison of CES sample and bias trends with the most recent quarterly observations of UI universe counts.
Although the primary function of bias adjustment is to
account for employment resulting from new business formations, it also adjusts for other elements of nonsampling
error in the survey, because the primary input to the
modeling procedure is total estimation error. Significant
among these nonsampling error sources is a business death
bias. When a sampled firm closes down, mostoftenit simply
does not respond to the survey that month, rather than
reporting zero employment. Follow-up with nonrespondents
may reveal an out-of-business firm, but this information
often is received too late to incorporate into monthly
estimates, and the firm is simply treated as a nonrespondent
for that month.
Because the bias adjustments incorporated into the estimates represent a composite of a birth bias, a death bias, and
a number of other differences between the sample-based
estimates and the population counts, the monthly bias adjustment levels have no specific economic meaning in and of
themselves.
Table 2-B summarizes the total model-based adjustments for
the past decade. The table displays the average monthly "model
adjustment added" and the average monthly "model adjustment
required" with the benchmark revisions for each year. Model
adjustment added shows the average amount of model
adjustment that was added each month over the course of an
interbenchmark period. Prior to 2000, the model adjustment
was the bias adjustment. Beginning with 2000, the model
adjustment included a net birth/death total in addition to the
bias. For example, the bias added for 2000 is listed as
153,000; this represents the average of the bias and the net
birth/death adjustment made each month over the period April
1999 through March 2000. (See the section on "Redesign
methodology" for more information.)
Model adjustment required is computed retrospectively, after
the March benchmark for a given year is known. Adjustment
required figures are calculated by taking the difference between
a March estimate derived purely from the sample (that is, a
series calculated without bias adjustment) and the March
benchmark. Dividing this figure by 12 gives the average monthly
model adjustment required figure. The adjustment required is
thus defined as the amount of model adjustment that would have
achieved a zero benchmark error. The difference between the
total model adjustment required and the total model adjustment
added is then, by definition, approximately the benchmark
revision amount, for any given year. Also provided in table 2-B
are the March-to-March changes. As discussed above, the overthe-year changes indicate correlation with the model adjustment
added and model adjustment required figures.
186
THE SAMPLE
Under the establishment survey design, large establishments
fall into certainty strata for sample selection. The size of the
sample for the various industries is determined empirically
based on experience and cost considerations. For example,
in a manufacturing industry with a high proportion of total
employment concentrated in a small number of establishments, a larger percent of total employment is included in the
sample. Consequently, the sample design for such industries
provides for a complete census of the large establishments,
with a relatively few chosen from among the smaller establishments. For an industry in which a large proportion of
total employment is accounted for by small establishments,
the sample design again calls for inclusion of all large establishments but also for a more substantial number of smaller
ones. Many industries in the trade and services divisions fall
into this category. To keep the sample to a size that can be
handled with available resources, these industries are sampled
with a smaller proportion of total universe coverage than is
the case for most manufacturing industries.
Design
The emphasis in the establishment survey is on producing
timely data at minimum cost. Therefore, the primary goal of
its design is to sample a large enough segment of the universe
to provide reliable estimates that can be published both
promptly and regularly. The present sample allows BLS to
produce preliminary total nonfarm employment estimates for
each month, including some limited industry detail, within 3
weeks after the reference period, and data in considerably
more detail with an additional 1-month lag.
The CES survey, which was begun over 50 years ago, predates the introduction of probability sampling methods and
has operated as a quota sample since its inception. Quota
sampling is different from probability sampling in that it requires a fixed number of units, but they need not have been
drawn in a random selection process.
The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is a
form of sampling with probability proportionate to size,
known as "sampling proportionate to average size of establishment." This design results in an optimum allocation
of the sample among strata because sampling variance is
proportional to the average size of establishments. The
universe of establishment employment is highly skewed, with
a large percentage of total employment concentrated in
relatively few establishments. Because variance on a population total estimate is a function of percentage universe coverage achieved by the sample, it is efficient to sample larger
establishments at a higher rate than smaller establishments,
assuming the cost per sample unit is fairly constant across
size classes.
Coverage
Table 2-C shows the latest benchmark employment levels and
the approximate proportion of total universe employment
coverage at the total nonfarm and major industry division
levels. The coverage for individual industries within the
divisions may vary from the proportions shown.
Reliability
The establishment survey, like other sample surveys, is subject to two types of error—sampling and nonsampling. The
magnitude of sampling error, or variance, is directly related
to the size of the sample and the percentage of universe cov-
Table 2-B. March employment benchmarks and model adjustments for total private industries, March 1990-2000
(In thousands)
Benchmark
Year
Employment1
Average monthly model adjustment
Revision2
Added3
Required4
Over-the-year
employment
change5
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
90,546
88,790
88,347
89,790
92,730
96,175
98,158
101,040
103,965
106,627
-261
-583
-130
288
688
511
72
518
85
242
85
61
33
83
115
144
129
130
150
150
63
12
22
107
171
187
135
173
157
170
1,531
-1,756
-443
1,443
2,940
3,445
1 983
2 882
2,925
2,662
20006
109,432
352
153
183
2,805
1
Universe counts for March of each year are used to make annual benchmark adjustments to the employment estimates. About
97 percent of the benchmark employment is from unemployment
insurance administrative records, and the remaining 3 percent is
from alternate sources. Data represent benchmark levels as originally computed.
2
Difference between the final March sample-based estimate and
the benchmark level for total private employment.
3
The average amount of model adjustment each month over the
course of an inter-benchmark period, that is, from April of the prior
year through March of the given year.
4
The difference between the March benchmark and the March
estimate derived solely from the sample without model adjustment,
converted to a monthly amount by dividing by 12.
5
March-to-March changes in the benchmark employment
evel.
6
Wholesale trade uses the net birth/death model.
NOTE: Data in this table exclude government employment because there is no bias adjustment for this sector.
187
erage achieved by the sample. The establishment survey
sample covers nearly one-third of total universe employment;
this yields a very small variance on the total nonfarm estimates. Measurements of error associated with sample
estimates are provided in tables 2-D and 2-E.
rent benchmark revisions, along with 10-year mean revisions
and mean absolute revisions for major industries. Mean revisions give an indication of bias in the estimates; unbiased
estimates have a mean revision close to zero, as over- and
under-estimations cancel out over time. Mean absolute revisions give an overall indication of the accuracy of the estimates; the larger the value, the further the estimate was from
the final benchmark level.
Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error. The sum
of sampling and nonsampling error can be considered total
survey error. Unlike most sample surveys, for which only
sampling error can be estimated, the CES yields an annual
approximation of total error, on a lagged basis, because of
the availability of the independently derived universe data.
While the benchmark error is used as a measure of total error
for the CES survey estimate, it actually represents the difference between two independent estimates derived from separate survey processes (specifically, the CES sample process
and the UI universe process), and thus reflects the errors
present in each program. Historically, the benchmark revision has been very small for total nonfarm employment. Over
the past decade, percentage benchmark error has averaged
0.3 percent, with absolute revisions ranging from less than
0.05 percent to 0.7 percent. Table 2-D shows the most cur-
Revisions between preliminary and final data. First preliminary estimates of employment, hours, and earnings, based
on less than the total sample, are published immediately following the reference month. Final revised sample-based estimates are published 2 months later, when nearly all the reports in the sample have been received. Table 2-E presents
the root-mean-square error, the mean percent, and the mean
absolute percent revision that may be expected between the
preliminary and final employment estimates.
Revisions of preliminary hours and earnings estimates are
normally not greater than 0.1 hour for weekly hours and 1
cent for hourly earnings at the total private nonfarm level,
and may be slightly larger for the more detailed industry
groupings.
Table 2-C. Employment benchmarks and approximate coverage
of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 2000
CES sample redesign
In June 1995, BLS announced plans for a comprehensive
sample redesign of its monthly payroll survey. The initial research phase for the CES sample redesign was completed in
1997, and BLS launched a production test of the new sample
design at that time. The production test phase concluded in
June 2000, when the first estimates from the new design, for
the wholesale trade industry, were published with the 1999
benchmark revisions. With the 2000 benchmark revisions,
estimates for the mining, construction, and manufacturing
industries were published under the new design for the first
time. Redesigned samples for the remaining industry
divisions will be phased in with the next two benchmark
releases.
Sample coverage
Industry
Total
Minina
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and
public utilities....
Wholesale trade .
Retail trade
Finance, insurance,
and real estate..
Services
Government:
Federal
State
Local
Employment
benchmarks
(thousands)
Number
of
establishments1
130,492
525
6,325
18,441
6,929
6,960
22,829
7,528
39,895
2,808
4,902
13,350
Employees
Number
(thousands)
Percent
of
benchmarks
242,854
38,925
30
1,229
23,023
22,069
127
1,024
5,801
24
16
32
14,259
8,540
54,341
2,041
517
4,867
29
7
21
19,514
65,402
1,858
7,430
25
19
2,808
3,775
8,677
100
77
65
2
3
7,077
7,545
19,855
Original sample design limitations. The original CES survey is based on a quota sample, the inception of which, over
50 years ago, predated the introduction of probability sampling as the internationally recognized standard for sample
surveys. Quota samples are known to be at risk for potentially significant biases. Introducing a probability-based
sample for CES ensures a proper representation of the universe of nonfarm business establishments through randomized selection techniques and the regular rotation of sample
members.
In addition, the CES sample redesign addresses a second
critical limitation of the current CES sample, which is a lack
of timely sample-based representation of employment from
new business births. Procedures have been developed for
regular sample updates that will ensure better representation
of new units in the CES sample. Time series modeling techniques are being used to estimate the residual portion of birth
Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Because not all
establishments report payroll and hours information, hours and earnings estimates are based on a smaller sample than employment
estimates.
2
The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete
count of employment for Class I railroads plus Amtrak. A small
sample is used to estimate hours and earnings data.
3
Total Federal employment counts by agency for use in national
estimates are provided to BLS by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management. Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as
well as State and area estimates of Federal employment, are based
on a sample of reports covering about 60 percent of employment in
Federal establishments.
188
Table 2-D. Current (March 2000) and historical benchmark revisions
(Numbers in thousands)
March 2000
benchmark revision
Industry
Ten-year average
mean percent revision
Level
Percent
Actual
Absolute
468
0.4
0.2
0.3
352
.3
.2
.4
70
.3
.5
.7
Mining
Metal mining
Coal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
0
-4
-1
2
2
0
-10.0
.6
-2.0
0
1.3
.6
1.1
3.2
2.3
1.8
1.6
Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors
37
24
16
-2
.6
1.6
2.0
(1)
.4
.2
1.6
1.2
2.2
1.8
1.1
Manufacturing
33
.2
32
.3
6
2
15
3
0
6
-10
.7
.4
2.6
.4
0
.4
-.5
-1.1
.5
2.0
.4
0
Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Durable goods
-1.3
.7
1.9
.2
.5
.6
.6
.8
1.1
-.4
-.8
.6
.8
.5
.3
.5
.5
.6
.6
.4
.7
1.0
1.2
.6
.6
.9
1
C)
.3
.5
19
1
-11
-12
-2
-2
7
-3
7
-3
1.1
2.9
-2.1
-1.8
-.3
-.1
.7
-2.4
.7
-4.2
.2
.5
.3
.4
.1
.2
.3
.6
0
.9
2.4
1.0
1.3
.8
.5
.8
1.7
.9
2.2
398
.4
.1
.3
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger transit
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
28
6
15
-22
.4
.1
6.4
-4.5
.1
V)
17
-5
0.9
-2.7
-.1
-.1
.8
1.0
1.3
2.4
2.6
3.6
4.0
5.0
2.1
1.1
1.7
.7
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
-41
-.3
-.1
-.6
.9
.9
1.1
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ....
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Computer and office equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electronic components and accessories....
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
-4
9
13
7
0
5
-3
-3
-1
2
-1
22
27
-6
-7
,
-34
See footnotes at end of table.
189
14.3
-.2
.9
1.7
-.7
-.6
-.2
-1.2
-.1
-.9
-1.1
.8
2.5
1.2
-.3
.2
.4
1.5
1.2
1.0
.8
.9
.8
.9
1.5
.7
1.3
1.1
1.3
1.1
1.3
1.4
Table 2-D. Current (March 2000) and historical benchmark revisions—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Industry
March 2000
benchmark revision
Ten-year average
mean percent revision
Level
Percent
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments
247
-4
85
89
6
-2
4
-8
17
122
29
1.1
-.4
3.1
3.7
.2
-.1
.4
-.7
1.5
1.5
1.0
.5
-.4
1.7
1.9
(1)
-.9
.8
.4
-.7
1.1
.1
.7
1.1
2.7
3.1
.5
.9
.9
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.0
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Savings institutions
Nondepository institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and services
Real estate
-43
-8
-17
-26
9
-4
-13
3
8
-11
-2
-10
-24
-.6
-.2
-.8
-1.8
3.6
-.6
-4.1
.4
3.2
-.5
-.1
-1.3
-1.6
-.1
-.5
-.9
-.7
-2.8
1.7
1.5
.4
-3.8
.4
.6
.1
-.3
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.1
6.1
2.8
5.5
1.0
5.1
1.3
1.4
1.1
1.3
Services2
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Child day care services
Residential care
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Management and public relations
Services, nee
91
2
1
-24
107
-6
48
64
143
40
-18
-35
-27
-41
-5
5
-29
2
-2
-29
-54
-47
-14
5
34
5
13
-14
-2
.2
.3
.1
-1.8
1.1
-.6
1.3
1.9
6.9
3.2
-4.9
-5.9
-1.7
-.4
-.3
.3
-.7
.3
-.2
-1.2
-1.9
-6.5
-1.8
5.0
1.4
.1
1.3
-1.3
-3.9
.1
1.0
.7
.5
.4
.1
1.0
1.7
2.3
-.8
-2.8
-2.3
-.2
-.3
-.3
(1)
-.5
1.0
-.7
.6
-.3
-1.0
-.5
1.8
1.9
-1.0
-.2
-2.2
-.2
.5
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.5
1.1
2.5
2.5
3.3
1.8
5.2
4.0
3.1
.5
1.0
.7
.6
2.3
.8
2.1
1.4
5.5
1.4
2.3
2.4
1.5
1.2
3.1
3.8
Government
Federal
Federal, except Postal Service
State
Education
Other State government
Local
Education
Other local government
116
0
0
43
48
-6
73
53
19
.6
0
0
.9
2.2
-.2
.5
.7
.3
(1)
0
0
.1
.2
.3
0
0
.6
1.2
.5
.3
.4
.4
1
2
V)
(11)
()
.1
Absolute
NOTE: Nee is an abbreviation for "not elsewhere classified" and
designates broad categories of industries that cannot be more specifically identified.
Less than 0.05 percent.
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Actual
190
Table 2-E. Errors of preliminary employment estimates
Industry
Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Root-mean-square error
of monthly level1
10,400
Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ....
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Computer and office equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electronic components and accessories ...
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Absolute
35,400
1,700
400
700
Durable goods
Actual
42,300
Mining
Metal mining
Coalmining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Manufacturing
Mean percent revision
1,400
400
0
-.1
.1
0
.1
.3
.6
.6
.4
.3
6,600
3,400
3,200
4,200
0
.1
.1
0
.1
.2
.3
.1
0
0
0
0
-.1
0
0
.3
0
0
0
0
-.1
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.4
.1
.1
.4
.1
.2
.2
.3
.2
.1
.2
10,600
7,500
1,600
1,000
1,200
1,600
1,200
2,000
2,700
2,000
2,100
1,600
5,700
4,600
1,600
1,300
800
4,900
2,900
600
1,100
2,600
1,200
1,500
1,600
800
1,200
400
.1
.1
0
.9
0
.2
0
0
-.1
-.1
0
0
1.2
.2
.3
.1
.1
.1
.4
.1
.3
49,000
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Railroad transportation
Local and interurban passenger transit
Trucking and warehousing
Water transportation
Transportation by air
Pipelines, except natural gas
Transportation services
Communications and public utilities
Communications
Electric, gas, and sanitary services
8,700
8,300
2,100
2,600
4,900
1,500
6,800
100
1,400
3,700
3,200
1,300
0
-.1
-.2
-.2
-.1
-.1
0
-.3
-.1
.1
.1
0
.1
.1
.7
.4
.2
.7
.4
.7
.2
.1
.2
.1
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
7,200
4,400
4,700
.1
.1
0
.1
.1
.1
Seefootnotesat end of table.
191
Table 2-E. Errors of preliminary employment estimates—-Continued
Industry
Root-mean-square error
of monthly level1
Retail trade
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores
Department stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
New and used car dealers
Apparel and accessory stores
Furniture and home furnishings stores
Eating and drinking places
Miscellaneous retail establishments
27,600
2,800
19,200
18,900
5,300
2,900
1,100
5,200
2,300
10,000
8,200
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Depository institutions
Commercial banks
Savings institutions
Nondepository institutions
Mortgage bankers and brokers
Security and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices
Insurance
Insurance carriers
Insurance agents, brokers, and service
Real estate
5,700
4,500
3,100
2,800
700
2,000
1,500
1,100
1,700
2,600
2,300
1,300
2,300
Services2
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places
Personal services
Business services
Services to buildings
Personnel supply services
Help supply services
Computer and data processing services
Auto repair, services, and parking
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement and recreation services
Health services
Offices and clinics of medical doctors
Nursing and personal care facilities
Hospitals
Home health care services
Legal services
Educational services
Social services
Child day care services
Residential care
Museums and botanical and zoological gardens.
Membership organizations
Engineering and management services
Engineering and architectural services
Management and public relations
Services, nee
Government
Federal
Federal, except Postal Service
State
Education
Other State government
Local
Education
Other local government
30,200
3,400
6,300
6,100
14,700
2,500
11,700
11,100
3,100
1,900
1,000
5,800
9,200
5,100
2,300
1,500
3,300
1,800
1,400
12,400
9,200
4,300
1,300
500
3,300
5,100
2,000
3,500
500
22,100
12,400
10,100
12,000
10,600
4,500
16,900
14,700
8,700
1
The root-mean-square error is the square root of the mean squared
error. The mean squared error is the square of the difference between the final and preliminary estimates averaged across a series
of monthly observations.
2
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Mean percent revision
Actual
0
.1
0
-.1
0
-.1
-.1
.2
0
0
.2
0
0
-.1
-.1
-.1
0
0
0
-.1
0
0
.1
0
0
.1
0
-.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.1
0
0
0
0
.1
0
.1
.1
.2
0
0
0
0
-.1
.1
-.1
0
0
.1
0
.1
0
0
0
.1
Absolute
.1
.2
.5
.6
.1
.1
.1
.4
.2
.1
.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
.2
.4
.1
.6
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.3
.3
.3
.1
.2
.3
.3
.2
.1
.2
.8
.4
0
.1
.1
.1
.2
.1
.5
.2
.5
.1
.4
.1
.1
.2
.3
.8
.1
.3
.3
.2
.5
.1
.1
.2
.1
NOTE: Nee is an abbreviation for "not elsewhere classified" and
designates broad categories of industries that cannot be more specifically identified. Errors are based on differences from January 1996
through December 2000.
192
at the worksite level. Employers who have multiple
establishments within a State usually report data for each
individual establishment. The LDB tracks establishments over
time and links them from quarter to quarter.
Permanent Random Numbers (PRNs) have been assigned
to all UI accounts on the sampling frame. As new units appear
on the frame, random numbers are assigned to those units as
well. As records are linked across time, the PRN is carried
forward in the linkage.
The probability sample is stratified by State, industry, and
size. Stratification groups population members together for
the purpose of sample allocation and selection. The strata, or
groups, are composed of homogeneous units. With 11 industries and 8 size classes, there are 88 total allocation cells per
State. The sampling rate for each stratum is determined
through a method known as optimum allocation. Optimum
allocation minimizes variance at a fixed cost or minimizes
cost for a fixed variance. Under the CES probability design,
a fixed number of sample units for each State is distributed
across the allocation strata in such a way as to minimize the
overall variance, or sampling error, of the total State employment level. The number of sample units in the CES probability sample is fixed to the approximate size of the existing
nonprobability CES survey. The optimum allocation formula
will place more sample in cells for which data cost less to
collect, cells that have more units, and cells that have a larger
variance. When compared with the quota sample, there are
fewer units selected in manufacturing and more units selected
in services.
employment not accounted for through the improved
sampling techniques. Introduction of a probability-based
sample for the CES survey allows for the publication of sampling errors and confidence intervals, standard survey accuracy measures not directly applicable to the current
nonprobability design. Overall accuracy of the survey
employment estimates, however, is still best measured by the
magnitude of annual benchmark revisions, as they encompass the total estimation error associated with the CES
employment series.
The new CES sample design. The new design is a stratified,
simple random sample of worksites, clustered by UI account
number. The UI account number is a major identifier on the
BLS longitudinal database of employer records, which serves
as both the sampling frame and the benchmark source for the
CES employment estimates. The sample strata, or subpopulations, are defined by State, industry, and employment size,
yielding a State-based design. The sampling rates for each
stratum are determined through a method known as optimum
allocation, which distributes a fixed number of sample units
across a set of strata to minimize the overall variance, or sampling error, on the primary estimate of interest. The total nonfarm employment level is the primary estimate of interest,
and the new design gives top priority to measuring it as precisely as possible, or, in other words, minimizing the statistical error around the statewide total nonfarm employment
estimates.
For the CES redesign, the number of sample units drawn
was fixed to the approximate size of the original CES sample,
which is the sample size supported by current program
resources. This sample size makes possible the publication
of considerable industry and geographic detail within a State,
and provides for highly reliable national CES estimates at
the total nonfarm and detailed industry levels.
During the first quarter of each year, a new sample is drawn
from the LDB. Annual sample selection helps keep the CES
survey current with respect to employment from business
births and business deaths. In addition, the updated universe
files provide the most recent information on industry, size,
and metropolitan area designation.
After all out-of-scope records are removed, the sampling
frame is sorted into allocation cells. Within each allocation
cell, units are sorted by MSA and by the size of the MSA,
which is the number of UI accounts in that MSA. As the sampling rate is uniform across the entire allocation cell, implicit
stratification by MSA ensures that a proportional number of
units are sampled from each MSA. Some MSAs may have
too few UI accounts in the allocation cell; these MSAs are
collapsed and treated as a single MSA. Within each selection
cell, the units are sorted by PRN, and units are selected
according to the specified sample selection rate. The number
of units selected randomly from each selection cell is equal
to the product of the sample selection rate and the number of
eligible units in the cell, plus any carryover from the prior
selection cell. The result is rounded to the nearest whole number. Carryover is defined as the amount that is rounded up or
down to the nearest whole number.
Once the sample is drawn, sample selection weights are
calculated based on the number of UI accounts actually selected within each allocation cell. The sample selection weight
is approximately equal to the inverse of the probability of
Frame and sample selection. The Longitudinal Data Base
(LDB) is the universe from which BLS draws the CES sample.
The LDB contains data on approximately 7.5 million U.S.
business establishments, representing nearly all nonfarm elements of the U.S. economy. The ES-202 program collects
these data from employers, on a quarterly basis, in cooperation with State Employment Security Agencies (SESAs). The
LDB contains employment and wage information from employers, as well as name, address, and location information.
It also contains identification information such as Unemployment Insurance (UI) Account Number, Reporting Unit Number, and LDB Number.
The LDB consists of all employers covered under the
Unemployment Insurance Tax System. That system covers
97 percent of all employers in the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. There are a
few sections of the economy that are not covered, including
the self-employed, small family businesses, railroads,
charitable organizations, small agricultural employers, and
elected officials. Data for employers generally are reported
193
selection, or the inverse of the sampling rate. It is computed
as:
Sample selection weight = Nh / 1 ^
- the company cannot report for all worksites from a
central location;
- the company cannot provide an aggregate report for the
entire UI account;
where:
- there are too many individual worksites to make it practical to contact each of them.
Nh = the number of noncertainty UI accounts within
the allocation cell that are eligible for sample
selection
r^ = the number of noncertainty UI accounts selected
within the allocation cell
With subsampling of a smaller number of worksites, both
interviewer workload and respondent burden are reduced
without significantly reducing the accuracy of the estimates,
but this technique will result in a small increase in variance.
In the event that a UI account is subsampled, weight adjustments are made to reflect each of the worksites' probability
of selection.
To further reduce enrollment workload caused by the annual update of the sample, BLS has established a "swapping"
procedure in which sample members selected in the previous
year are used in lieu of new sample members. As a result of
the swap procedure, the amount of sample overlap from year
to year is increased. A sample is selected from the first-quarter frame using the random sampling procedures. If a new
sample member is selected during random sampling, a check
is made for a previously selected unit that was not selected in
the new sample. The previously selected unit must be within
the same State, industry, and size class and must have the
same PRN date as the originally selected unit. Newly selected
units are replaced until all suitable replacements are exhausted.
The units are generally available for swapping due to changes
in the MSA, SIC, and size of units.
As a result of the swap procedure, approximately 90 percent of the Current Employment Statistics Sample Redesign
(CES-R) sample overlaps from one year to the next. Before
the swap procedure was implemented, approximately 35,000
new UI accounts were selected each year during the annual
update. With the swap procedure, this number is reduced by
as much as 40 percent, or 15,000 units.
Due to the dynamic economy, there is a constant cycle of
business births and deaths. A semiannual update is performed
during the third quarter of each year. This update
selects units from the population of births and other units not
previously eligible for selection, and includes them as part of
the sample. Updated location, contact, and administrative information is provided for all establishments that were
selected in the annual sample selection.
Estimation. Under the new methodology, CES uses a matched
sample concept and weighted link relative estimator to
produce employment, hours, and earnings estimates. Consistent with the historical CES definition, a matched sample
is defined to be all sample members that have reported data
for the reference month and the month prior. A slight adjustment to the above matched definition is made to exclude
from the matched sample any sample unit that reports that
it is out-of-business. The reasoning behind this handling is
described later in the section on estimation of business births
and deaths.
The estimator for employment and that for hours and
earnings uses the sample trend in the cell to move the previous level or ratio to the current-month estimated level or
ratio. In the case of all employees, an additive model-based
component is applied as well. This component also
is described in the business birth and death estimation
section.
The basic formula for estimating employment is:
AEC =
Sample enrollment activities. The primary enrollment of
new establishments for the CES-R is taking place in BLS
Data Collection Centers (DCCs) located in Atlanta, Kansas
City, and Dallas, and in the Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
Center in Chicago. Once the sample has been sent to the DCCs,
interviewers enroll the selected establishments. While the UI
account represents the sample unit, interviewers are responsible for tracking and collecting the data for the individual
establishments, regardless of the current UI configuration
associated with the establishments.
In the case of large, multiple-worksite UI accounts, it is
sometimes necessary to subsample employers. This occurs
when:
+ (net birth/death model)
where:
= matched sample unit;
= weight associated with the CES report;
= current-month reported all employees;
= previous-month reported all employees;
= current-month estimated all employees; and
AE.
194
= previous-month estimated all employees.
where:
The basic form for the estimator used to develop the current-month production workers series is:
= matched sample unit;
= weight associated with the CES report;
PW = AE
xPWRATm
AWHC
, and
AWHr
PWRATIOC = PWRATIO
= current-month estimated average weekly hours;
-
previous-month estimated average weekly hours;
whc
= current-month reported weekly hours;
whP,i
= previous-month reported weekly hours;
w
P d
-
current-month reported production workers;
W
P PJ
-
previous-month reported production workers;
AHEC
-
current-month estimated average hourly earnings;
AHEp
-
previous-month estimated average hourly earnings;
WHC
= current-month estimated weekly man hours;
WHp
-
xf^-
v, *aen
where:
,
-
matched sample unit;
w,
-
weight associated with the CES report;
= current-month reported weekly payroll; and
-
PWc
A
previous-month reported weekly payroll.
_ current-month estimated production workers;
PWRATIOc
=
current-month production-worker-to-all-employee ratio;
PWRATIOp
m
previous-month production-worker-to-all-employee ratio;
PWc,i
-
current-month reported production workers;
-
previous-month reported production workers;
= current-month reported all employees;
ae
=- previous-month reported all employees; and
AE
-
PJ
previous-month estimated average man hours;
Benchmarking. Annual benchmark adjustment that revises
2 years of data continues under the redesign, but with slight
modification to the process. Under the original CES procedures, when national series are benchmarked, sample links
derived from the final (or third) set of monthly estimates are
applied to the March benchmark level to re-estimate 1 year
forward from the new benchmark levels. The year prior to
the benchmark is adjusted by a simple wedge-back procedure that distributes the benchmark error in equal increments
across the 11 months preceding the March benchmark.
For initial implementation of the redesign estimates for
mining, manufacturing, and wholesale trade, the estimates
for both the year prior to and the year following the March
benchmark month were revised to incorporate sample-based
estimates calculated from the new sample and estimators.
Thus, there is more revision in the benchmark period under
the redesign than experienced previously for all data types.
In particular, basic cell-level hours and earnings estimates,
which have no benchmark revision under current procedures,
are subject to change.
The construction series are revised for the year following
the benchmark. The year prior to the benchmark was revised
using the quota sample estimate. As sample enrollment for
the construction industries was not completed until the end
of the second quarter, it was not feasible to use the new
metholology for the wedge period.
current-month estimated all employees.
Estimation of the series for women workers is identical to
that described for production workers, with the appropriate
substitution of women worker values for the production
worker values in the previous formulas.
The same basic form of the estimator holds for all data
types. The basic estimators of average weekly hours and average hourly earnings are:
AWHc=AWHnx
w, xpwpi
and
AHEc = AHEpxj^-~
Estimation of overtime hours is identical to that described
for weekly hours, with the appropriate substitution of overtime hours values for the weekly hours values in the previous
formula.
^
195
Business birth and death estimation. In a dynamic economy,
firms are continually going out-of-business while, at the same
time, new businesses are opening. These two normal occurrences offset each other to some extent. That is, firms that are
born replace firms that die. CES uses this fact to account for
a large proportion of the employment associated with business births. This is accomplished by excluding such units from
the matched sample definition. Effectively, business deaths
are not included in the sample-based link portion of the estimate, and the implicit imputation of their previous month's
employment is assumed to offset a portion of the employment associated with births.
There is an operational advantage associated with this
approach as well. Most firms will not report that they have
gone out-of-business; rather, they simply cease reporting and
are excluded from the link, as are all other nonrespondents.
As a result, extensive follow-up with monthly nonrespondents
to determine whether a company is out-of-business or simply
did not respond is not required.
Employment associated with business births will not exactly equal that associated with business deaths. The amount
by which it differs varies by month and by industry. As a
result, the residual component of the birth/death offset must
be accounted for by using a model-based approach.
With any model-based approach, it is desirable to have 5
or more years of history to use in developing the models.
Due to the absence of reliable counts of monthly business
births and deaths, development of an appropriate birth/death
residual series assumed the following form:
with a negative adjustment. This mainly reflects the seasonal
pattern of the net birth/death series observed in the historical
UI universe data series.
The net birth/death models will replace the bias adjustment modeling currently used for the CES program as estimates for each major industry division are phased in for official publication. The ARIMA model component is updated
and reviewed on a quarterly basis, as are the current bias adjustments. However, the net birth/death model component figures are unique to each month, unlike the bias adjustments,
which are identical for all 3 months of a given quarter.
An important conceptual and empirical distinction between
current bias adjustment and new net birth/death models involves the elements that the models are designed to identify.
Although the primary purpose of the existing bias adjustment
process is to account for new business birth employment, it
also adjusts for other elements of nonsampling error, or bias,
in the current CES estimate because the primary input to the
model is total estimation error. Sampling bias can be significant in the existing sample because of its quota design, and
the bias component is therefore relatively large. In contrast,
the net birth/death models estimate only the residual component not measurable by the sample; the models do not attempt to correct for deficiencies in sample design. Therefore,
the net birth/death model component in the redesign series is
expected to be significantly smaller than the bias adjustment
component in the current CES estimates.
The most significant potential drawback to a model-based
approach is that time series modeling assumes a predictable
continuation of historical patterns and relationships. Therefore, a model-based approach is likely to have some difficulty producing reliable estimates at economic turning points
or during periods in which there are sudden changes in trend.
In sum, accurate estimation of the business birth component
of total nonfarm employment will continue to be the most
difficult issue in CES employment estimation.
Birth/death residual = Population - Sample-based estimate
+ Error
Simulated monthly probability estimates over a 7-year
period were created and compared with population employment levels. Moving from a simulated benchmark, the
differences between the series across time represent a cumulative birth/death component. Those residuals are converted
to month-to-month differences and used as input series to the
modeling process.
Models are fit using X-12 ARIMA (Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average). Outliers, level shifts, and temporary ramps are automatically identified. Seven models are
tested, and the model exhibiting the lowest average forecast
error is selected for each series.
Variance estimation/or the CES redesign estimates. A probability-based sample allows for the calculation and publication of sampling variances and confidence intervals—standard survey accuracy measures not directly applicable to the
current nonprobability design. The estimation of sample variance for the survey is accomplished through use of the method
of Balanced Half Samples (BHS). This replication technique
uses half samples of the original sample and calculates estimates using those subsamples. The sample variance is calculated by measuring the variability of the subsample estimates.
The weighted link estimator is used to calculate both estimates and variances. The sample units in each cell—where a
cell is based on State, industry, and size classification—are
divided into two random groups. The basic BHS method is
applied to both groups. The subdivision of the cells is done
systematically, in the same order as the initial sample selection. Weights for units in the half sample are multiplied by a
factor of 1 + y where weights for units not in the half sample
are multiplied by a factor of 1 -y. Estimates from these sub-
Difference between the birth/death model and bias adjustment. Table 2-F compares the level of bias adjustment
applied in the previously published CES series with the net
birth/death adjustment used in the redesign series in mining,
construction, and manufacturing. Over the course of the "postbenchmark year" from April 2000 to March 2001, the cumulative bias adjustment added 246,000 to the mining, construction, and manufacturing employment level, while the net birth/
death model added 154,000 overall. Note that the latter model
has greater variability from month to month, including months
196
groups are calculated using the estimation formula described
previously.
The errors are presented as relative standard errors (standard error divided by the estimate and expressed as a percent). Multiplying the relative standard error by its estimated
value gives the estimate of the standard error.
Suppose that the level of all employees for wholesale trade
in a given month is estimated at 7,054,000. The approximate
relative standard error of this estimate (0.54 percent) is provided in table 2-G. A 90-percent confidence interval would
then be the interval:
The formula used to calculate CES variances is as follows:
where:
a » Xtt >
) isthe half-sample estimator;
7,054,000 +/- (1.645 * .0054 * 7,054,000)
= 7,054,000 +/- 62,660
= 7,116,660 to 6,991,340
r=
k = number of half-samples; and
#
= original full sample estimates
Illustration of the use of table 2-H. Table 2-H provides a
reference for the standard errors of 1-, 3-, and 12-month
changes in AE, AHE, and AWH. The errors are presented as
standard errors of the changes.
Suppose that the over-the-month change in AHE from January to February for the stone, clay, and glass products industry within manufacturing is $0.11. The standard error for a 1 month change for this industry from the table is $0.06. The
interval estimate of the over-the-month change in AHE that
will include the true over-the-month change with 90-percent
confidence is calculated:
Appropriate uses of sampling variances in CES. Variance
statistics are useful for comparison purposes, but they do have
some limitations. Variances reflect the error component of
the estimates that is due to surveying only a subset of the
population, rather than conducting a complete count of the
entire population. However, they do not reflect nonsampling
error, such as response errors, and bias due to nonresponse.
The overall performance of the program (calculating all-employee estimates) will still be measured in terms of the benchmark revisions. Variances for items not benchmarked—that
is, average hourly earnings and average weekly hours—can
serve as a more meaningful measure of their error now with a
representative probability sample. The variances of the overthe-month change estimates are very useful in determining
when changes are significant at some level of confidence.
$0.11 +/-(1.645* $0.06)
= $0.11+/-$0.10
= $0.01 to $0.21
The true value of the over-the-month change is in the interval $0.01 to $0.21. Because this interval does not include
$0.00 (no change), the change of $0.11 shown is significant
at the 90-percent confidence level. Alternatively, the estimated
change of $0.11 exceeds $0.10 (1.645 * $0.06); therefore,
one could conclude from these data that the change is significant at the 90-percent confidence level.
Sampling errors for probability-based industries. The sampling errors shown for the goods-producing and wholesale
trade industries have been calculated for estimates that follow the benchmark employment revision by a period of 12 to
24 months. Since the error estimates generally increase as a
function of time after the month of benchmark revision, this
period was determined to be the period of greatest interest
for the estimates. For example, the May 2001 estimates follow the benchmark revision (March 2000) by 14 months. The
errors are presented as median values of the observed error
estimates. These estimates have been estimated using the
method of Balanced Half Samples with the probability sample
data and sample weights assigned at the time of sample
selection.
STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS
(Tables B-7, B-14, and B-18)
As explained earlier, State agencies in cooperation with BLS
collect and prepare State and area employment, hours, and
earnings data. These statistics are based on the same establishment reports used by BLS. However, BLS uses the full
CES sample to produce monthly national employment estimates, while each State agency uses its portion of the sample
to independently develop a State employment estimate.
The CES area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Definitions for all areas are published each year in the issue of
Employment and Earnings that contains State and area annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes in definitions
are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be
obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back
cover of each issue.
Illustration of the use of table 2-G. Table 2-G provides a
reference for relative standard errors of three major series
developed from the CES—estimates of the numbers of all
employees (AE), of average hourly earnings (AHE), and of
average weekly hours (AWH) within the same industry. The
standard errors of differences between estimates in two nonoverlapping industries are calculated as:
S difference
since the two estimates are independent.
197
Caution in aggregating State data. The national estimation
State-level errors and can cause distortions at an aggregate
level. This has been a particular problem at turning points in
the U.S. economy, when the majority of the individual State
errors tend to be in the same direction. Due to these statistical limitations, the Bureau does not compile or publish a "sumof-States" employment series. Additionally, BLS cautions
users that such a series is subject to a relatively large and
volatile error structure, particularly at turning points.
procedures used by BLS are designed to produce accurate
national data by detailed industry; correspondingly, the State
estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate data
for each individual State. State estimates are not forced to
sum to national totals or vice versa. Because each State
series is subject to larger sampling and nonsampling errors
than is the national series, summing them cumulates individual
Table 2-F. Bias adjustment effects for published series versus net birth/death model effects for the mining, construction,
and manufacturing industries
(In thousands)
Construction
Mining
Year and month
Bias
adjustment
for published
series
Net birth/death
adjustment
for the
postbenchmark
period
Bias
adjustment
for published
series
Manufacturing
Net birth/death
adjustment
for the
postbenchmark
period
Bias
adjustment
for published
series
Net birth/death
adjustment
for the
postbenchmark
period
Monthly amount
2000:
April
May
June
July
August
September....
October
November
December
12
12
12
12
12
12
14
14
14
44
46
32
14
17
11
10
-13
-16
13
13
13
-85
13
31
7
7
7
-22
10
14
153
104
93
54
1
17
11
1
12
8
-4
3
3
2001:
January
February
March
-7
0
0
Cumulative total.
198
Table 2-G. Relative standard error for estimates of employment, hours, and earnings in selected industries
(In percent)
Relative standard error
Industry
All employees
Average wee
Average hourly earnings
Mining
Metal mining
Coal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
1.90
3.56
3.79
2.37
3.06
2.50
3.74
3.45
3.96
1.75
2.06
3.06
2.54
3.61
1.98
Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building
Special trade contractors
.63
1.13
1.66
.82
.74
1.31
1.70
1.11
.65
1.26
1.31
.85
.24
.27
.24
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Computer and office equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Electronic components and accessories ....
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
.32
.95
.95
1.08
.87
1.30
.73
.62
1.91
.81
1.30
1.12
1.75
1.42
1.06
1.47
.37
1.28
1.49
2.06
1.49
3.03
1.00
.80
5.69
1.05
1.09
.98
1.32
1.49
1.52
1.72
.30
.71
1.13
1.22
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
.39
.92
3.19
1.11
1.88
.87
.72
.85
1.82
.68
3.82
.48
.92
2.87
1.79
1.95
1.03
1.03
1.18
4.73
1.08
3.03
.54
.55
.92
.73
.70
1.40
Manufacturing
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
199
.93
1.68
.76
.70
3.82
1.08
2.20
.87
1.32
1.81
.89
1.79
.38
.91
3.82
1.26
1.34
.76
1.21
1.40
2.62
.70
1.46
.80
.95
1.37
Table 2-H. Standard error for change in levels estimates of employment, hours, and earnings in selected industries
Standard error
1-month change
Industry
Standard error
3-month change
Standard error
12-month change
All
Average Average
All
All
Average Average
Average Average
emweekly
hourly
emweekly
hourly
emweekly
hourly
ployees
hours earnings ployees
hours earnings ployees
hours earnings
2,375
326
476
2,110
754
0.36
.39
.44
.61
.40
0.11
.10
.13
.20
.09
4,320
619
833
3,805
1,689
0.48
.75
.63
.79
.52
0.15
.16
.18
.26
.14
6,972
1,098
1,961
5,718
2,608
0.76
1.31
1.27
1.17
.65
0.28
.34
.42
.47
.24
Construction
General building contractors
Heavy construction, except building....
Special trade contractors
11,731
5,745
4,347
9,671
.10
.20
.29
.13
.04
.08
.09
.05
19,046
9,008
6,941
16,126
.15
.25
.38
.18
.06
.10
.14
.07
29,060
14,865
9,848
24,619
.27
.35
.57
.38
.10
.17
.23
.12
Manufacturing
13,086
.05
.02
18,795
.07
.02
38,622
.10
.03
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel
products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Computer and office equipment...
Electronic and other electrical
equipment
Electronic components and
accessories
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Aircraft and parts
Instruments and related products ....
Miscellaneous manufacturing
10,138
2,599
1,823
1,882
1,642
.07
.21
.22
.33
.22
.02
.04
.04
.06
.07
14,892
4,316
2,800
3,296
2,703
.09
.27
.28
.40
.26
.03
.05
.06
.08
.09
28,805
6,432
4,432
5,213
5,288
.12
.40
.39
.64
.33
.04
.07
.10
.15
.12
831
2,875
3,728
1,659
.36
.14
.13
.43
.18
.04
.03
.13
1,325
4,744
5,928
3,295
.45
.19
.18
.56
.23
.05
.05
.27
2,916
9,727
9,460
5,566
.70
.33
.24
1.43
.27
.08
.10
.66
3,224
.17
.05
5,161
.23
.07
11,287
.49
.12
1,662
5,823
5,877
992
1,731
1,629
.29
.23
.32
.29
.25
.26
.11
.08
.11
.09
.06
.07
3,692
7,914
7,812
1,893
3,492
2,593
.33
.34
.53
.35
.35
.31
.15
.12
.18
.12
.07
.11
7,364
14,799
14,953
4,850
6,795
4,192
.51
.37
.54
.56
.50
.44
.25
.13
.20
.27
.11
.16
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco product
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ...
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics
products
Leather and leather products
7,290
4,972
514
1,425
2,687
1,375
2,889
2,013
878
.08
.18
.48
.21
.25
.21
.17
.22
.79
.02
.04
.25
.04
.04
.05
.05
.08
.22
11,710
8,401
1,064
2,092
4,684
2,327
4,591
4,040
1,403
.10
.23
.44
.29
.34
.24
.23
.30
1.33
.03
.05
.54
.04
.06
.07
.07
.11
.32
20,172
10,307
1,505
3,618
7,557
5,310
8,240
8,130
2,310
.17
.33
.90
.50
.58
.38
.34
.49
1.90
.04
.10
.45
.11
.10
.12
.12
.17
.53
2,166
627
.17
.41
.04
.08
3,594
1,167
.22
.58
.05
.12
5,605
2,357
.34
.90
.08
.18
9,548
6,629
6,211
.10
.11
.15
.04
.06
.05
15,513
11,247
9,929
.13
.13
.21
.06
.08
.07
29,903
19,165
19,307
.23
.23
.41
.10
.13
.15
Mining
Metal mining
Coal mining
Oil and gas extraction
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
200
Region, State, and Area Labor Force Data
("C" tables)
FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
Estimates for States
signal is a time series model of the true labor force which
consists of three components: A variable coefficient
regression, a flexible trend, and a flexible seasonal component. The regression techniques are based on historical and
current relationships found within each State's economy as
reflected in the different sources of data that are available
for each State—the Current Population Survey (CPS), the
Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey, and the unemployment insurance (UI) system. The noise component
of the models explicitly accounts for auto correlation in the
CPS sampling error and changes in the average magnitude
of the error. In addition, the models can identify and remove the effects of outliers in the historical CPS series.
While all the State models have important components in
common, they differ somewhat from one another to better
reflect individual State characteristics.
Two models—one for the employment-to-population ratio
and one for the unemployment rate—are used for each State.
The employment-to-population ratio, rather than the
employment level, and the unemployment rate, rather than
the unemployment level, are estimated primarily because
these ratios are usually more meaningful for economic
analysis.
The employment-to-population ratio models use the relationship between the State's monthly employment from
the CES and the CPS. The models also include trend and
seasonal components to account for movements in the CPS
not captured by the CES series. The seasonal component
accounts for the seasonality in the CPS not explained by the
CES, while the trend component adjusts for long-run systematic differences between the two series.
The unemployment rate models use the relationship between the State's monthly unemployment insurance (UI)
claims data and the CPS unemployment rate, along with
trend and seasonal components.
In both the employment-to-population ratio and unemployment rate models, an important feature is the use of a
technique that allows the equations to adjust automatically
to structural changes that occur. The regression portion of
the model includes a built-in tuning mechanism, known as
the Kalman Filter, which revises a model's coefficients when
the new data that become available each month indicate that
changes in the data relationships have taken place. Once
the estimates are developed from the models, levels are calculated for employment, unemployment, and labor force.
Current monthly estimates. Effective January 1996, civilian labor force and unemployment estimates for all States
and the District of Columbia are produced using models
based on a "signal-plus-noise" approach. The model of the
Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, monthly
estimates for all States and the District of Columbia are
adjusted, or benchmarked, by BLS to the annual average
CPS estimates. The benchmarking technique employs a pro-
Labor force and unemployment estimates for States,
labor market areas (LMAs), and other areas covered under
Federal assistance programs are developed by State employment security agencies under a Federal-State cooperative
program. The local unemployment estimates which derive
from standardized procedures developed by BLS are the
basis for determining eligibility of an area for benefits
under Federal programs such as the Job Training Partnership Act.
Annual average data for the States and 337 areas shown
in table C-3 are published in Employment and Earnings (usually the May issue). For regions, States, selected metropolitan areas, and central cities, annual average data classified
by selected demographic, social, and economic characteristics are published in the BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile
of Employment and Unemployment.
Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and other small
areas have been prepared for administration of various Federal economic assistance programs and may be ordered from
the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The report "Unemployment in States and Local Areas" is published monthly
through GPO and is available in microfiche form only, on a
subscription basis.
ESTIMATING METHODS
Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment estimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District of
Columbia, and over 6,500 areas, including nearly 2,400
LMAs, counties, and cities with a population of 25,000 or
more. Regional aggregations are derived by summing the
State estimates. The estimation methods are described
below for States (and the District of Columbia) and for subState areas. At the sub-LMA (county and city) level, estimates are prepared using disaggregation techniques based
on decennial and annual population estimates and current
unemployment insurance data. A more detailed description
of the estimation procedure is contained in the BLS document, Manual for Developing Local Area Unemployment
Statistics.
201
Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the current
cedure (called the Denton method) which adjusts the annual average of the models to equal the CPS annual average, while preserving, as much as possible, the original
monthly seasonal pattern of the model estimates.
month, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate of
the estimates for each of two categories: (1) Persons who
were previously employed in industries covered by State UI
laws; and (2) those who were entering the civilian labor
force for the first time or reentering after a period of separation.
Estimates for sub-State areas
Monthly labor force, employment, and unemployment
estimates for two large sub-State areas—New York City and
the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area—are obtained using the same modeling approach as for states. Estimates for the nearly 2,400 remaining LMAs, are prepared
through indirect estimation techniques, described
below.
Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employment and unemployment are prepared for the State and all
LMAs within the State. The LMA estimates geographically
exhaust the entire State. Thus, a proportional adjustment is
applied to all sub-State preliminary LMA estimates to ensure that they add to the independently estimated State totals for employment and unemployment. For California and
New York, the proportional adjustment is applied to all
LMAs other than the two modeled areas, to ensure that the
LMA estimates sum to an independent model-based estimate for the balance of State.
Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilian
employment estimates are based largely on CES data. These
"place-of-work" estimates must be adjusted to refer to place
of residence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjusting from
place of work to place of residence have been developed on
the basis of employment relationships at the time of the
1990 decennial census. These factors are applied to the CES
estimates for the current period to obtain adjusted employment estimates, to which are added estimates for employment not represented in the CES—agricultural employees,
nonagricultural self-employed and unpaid family workers,
and private household workers.
Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-State
estimates are revised. The revisions incorporate any changes
in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-based employment figures, corrections in UI claims counts, and updated
historical relationships. The updated estimates are then readjusted to add to the revised (benchmarked) State estimates
of employment and unemployment.
202
Seasonal Adjustment
revised only for that year because of the major redesign and
1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for the
estimated undercount, introduced into the Current Population Survey. In 1996, 1990-93 data also were revised to
incorporate these 1990 census-based population controls and
seasonally adjusted series were revised back to 1990. Subsequent revisions were carried back only to 1994 through
1998, when the standard 5-year revision period was
reinstated.
All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as well
as the major employment and unemployment estimates, are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted series. For
example, for each of the three major labor force components—agricultural employment, nonagricultural employment, and unemployment—data for four sex-age groups
(men and women under and over 20 years of age) are separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then added to
derive seasonally adjusted total figures. The seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum of eight seasonally
adjusted civilian employment components and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components. The total for
unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components, and the unemployment rate is derived by dividing
the resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of the labor force. Because of the independent seasonal
adjustment of various series, components will not necessarily add to totals.
In each January issue (March issue in 1996), Employment and Earnings publishes revised seasonally adjusted
data for selected labor force series based on the experience
through December, new seasonal adjustment factors to be
used to calculate the civilian unemployment estimate for
the first 6 months of the following year, and a description of
the current seasonal adjustment procedure.
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force, the levels of employment and unemployment, and
other measures of labor market activity undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather,
reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays,
and the opening and closing of schools. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by
adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make it easier to observe the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. In evaluating changes in
a seasonally adjusted series, it is important to note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past
experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a broader
margin of possible error than the original data on which
they are based, because they are subject not only to
sampling and other errors but are also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and establishment-based data are published monthly in Employment and
Earnings.
Household data
Since January 1980, national labor force data have been
seasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-l 1 ARIMA
(Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which was
developed at Statistics Canada as an extension of the standard X-11 method. A detailed description of the procedure
appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal Adjustment Method
by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 12564E, January 1983.
BLS uses an extension of X-l 1 ARIMA to allow it to
adjust more adequately for the effects of the presence or
absence of religious holidays in the April survey reference
period and of Labor Day in the September reference period.
This extension was applied for the first time at the end of
1989 to three persons-at-work labor force series which tested
as having significant and well-defined effects in their April
data associated with the timing of Easter.
At the beginning of each calendar year, projected seasonal adjustment factors are calculated for use during the
January-June period. In July of each year, BLS calculates
and publishes in Employment and Earnings projected seasonal adjustment factors for use in the second half, based
on the experience through June. Revisions of historical data,
usually for the most recent 5 years, are made only at the
beginning of each calendar year. However, as a result of the
revisions to the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980 census
population counts, revisions to seasonally adjusted series in
early 1982 were carried back to 1970. In 1994, data were
Establishment data
Effective in June 1996, with the release of the March 1995
benchmark revisions, BLS began using an updated version
of the X-l2 ARIMA software developed by the Bureau of
the Census to seasonally adjust national establishment-based
employment, hours, and earnings series.
The conversion to X-l2 ARIMA allows BLS to refine its
seasonal adjustment procedures to control for survey interval variations, sometime referred to as the 4- vs. 5-week
effect. While the CES survey is referenced to a consistent
concept, the pay period including the 12th day of the month,
inconsistencies arise because there are variations of 4 or 5
weeks between the week of the 12th in any given pair of
months. In highly seasonal months and industries, this variation can be an important determinant of the magnitude of
203
seasonal hires or layoffs that have occurred at the time the
survey is taken, thereby complicating seasonal adjustment.
The interval effect adjustment is accomplished through the
REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) option
in the X-12 software. This process combines standard regression analysis, which measures correlations between two
or more variables, with ARIMA modeling, which describes
and predicts the behavior of a data series based on its own
past history. In this application, the correlations of interest
are those between employment levels in individual calendar months and the length of the survey intervals for those
months. The REGARIMA models estimate and remove the
variation in employment levels attributable to 11 separate
survey intervals, one specified for each month, except March.
March is excluded because this month has a 5-week interval between the February and March surveys only every 29
years.
Effective with the release of the March 1997 benchmark,
seasonally adjusted series for hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers from 1989 forward incorporate refinements to the seasonal adjustment process to
correct for distortions related to the method of accounting
for the varying length of payroll periods across months—a
calendar effect.
REGARIMA modeling also is used to identify, measure,
and remove this calendar effect for the publication level seasonally adjusted hours and earnings series.
Projected seasonal factors for the establishment-based
series are calculated and published twice a year, paralleling
the procedure used for the household series. Revisions to
historical data (usually the most recent 5 years) are made
once a year, coincident with benchmark revisions. All series
are seasonally adjusted using multiplicative models in
X-12. Seasonal adjustment factors are computed and applied
at component levels. For employment series, these are
generally the 2-digit SIC levels. Seasonally adjusted totals
are arithmetic aggregations for employment series and
weighted averages of the seasonally adjusted data for hours
and earnings series.
Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are the product of seasonally adjusted average hourly earnings and
average weekly hours. Average weekly earnings in constant
dollars, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by dividing the
average weekly earnings series by the seasonally adjusted
Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W), and multiplying by 100. Indexes of
aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained
by multiplying average weekly hours by production or
nonsupervisory workers and dividing by the 1982 annual
average base. For total private, total goods-producing, total
private service-producing, and major industry divisions, the
indexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are
obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours for the
appropriate component industries and dividing by the 1982
annual average base.
Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a number
of series characterized by small seasonal components relative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components. These
series, however, are used in the aggregation to higher level
seasonally adjusted series.
Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Government
employment are derived from unadjusted data which include
Christmas temporary workers employed by the Postal Service. The number of temporary census workers for the
decennial census, however, is removed prior to the calculation of seasonal adjustment factors.
The standard procedure for seasonal adjustment for the
local education employment series was improved with the
1997 benchmark. In the past, the seasonal factors for this
industry were derived using the standard seasonal adjustment
procedure of a logarithmic transformation of the data as input
for the multiplicative decomposition of the series. However,
in recent years, the forecasted seasonal factors have failed to
adequately reflect the changing behavior of this industry in
the summer months. The factors for this industry are now
derived using a square-root transformation of the data as
input for an additive decomposition of the series. These
modifications produce seasonal factors that better reflect
current industry seasonal patterns. However, the annual
averages of seasonally adjusted and unadjusted series will
not be equal.
BLS also makes special adjustments for floating holidays
for the establishment-based series on average weekly hours
and manufacturing overtime hours. From 1988 forward, these
adjustments are now accomplished as part of the X-12
ARIM A/REG ARIMA modeling process. The special adjustment made in November each year to adjust for the effect
of poll workers in the local government employment series
also is incorporated into the X-12 process from 1988
forward.
Revised seasonally adjusted national establishment-based
series based on the experience through March 2001, new
seasonal adjustment factors for March-October 2001, and a
description of the current seasonal adjustment procedure
appear in the June 2001 issue of Employment and Earnings.
Revised factors for the September 2001-April 2002 period
will appear in the December 2001 issue.
Beginning in 1993, BLS introduced publication of
seasonally adjusted nonfarm payroll employment data by
major industry for all States and the District of Columbia
(table B-7). Seasonal adjustment factors are applied directly
to the employment estimates at the division level (component
series for manufacturing and trade) and then aggregated to
the State totals. The recomputation of seasonal factors and
historical revisions are made coincident with the annual
benchmark adjustments. State estimation procedures are
designed to produce accurate (unadjusted and seasonally
adjusted) data for each State. BLS independently develops
a national employment series; State estimates are not forced
to sum to national totals. Because each State series is subject
to larger sampling and nonsampling errors than the national
series, summing them cumulates individual State level errors
204
and can cause significant distortions at an aggregate level.
Due to these statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a
"sum-of-States" employment series, and cautions users that
such a series is subject to a relatively large and volatile error
structure.
derived by summing the State estimates. Using the X-l 1
ARIMA procedure, seasonal adjustment factors are computed and applied independently to the component employment and unemployment levels and then aggregated to
regional or State totals. Current seasonal adjustment factors
are produced for 6-month periods twice a year. Historical
revisions usually are made at the beginning of each calendar year. Because of the separate processing procedures,
totals for the Nation, as a whole, differ from the results
obtained by aggregating regional or State data.
Region and State labor force data
Beginning in 1992, BLS introduced publication of seasonally adjusted labor force data for the census regions and
divisions, the 50 States, and the District of Columbia (tables
C-l and C-2). Beginning in 1998, regional aggregations are
205
NCS National Wage Data
Obtain the latest NCS national data on occupational wages.
National Compensation Survey:
Occupational Wages in the United States, 1998
BLS Bulletin 2529
This bulletin contains occupational hourly earnings and weekly hours for selected worker
characteristics, establishment characteristics, and geographical areas.
National Compensation Survey:
Occupational Wages in the Nine Census Divisions, 1998
BLS
BLS
BLS
BLS
BLS
Bulletin
Bulletin
Bulletin
Bulletin
Bulletin
2530-1, Middle Atlantic
2530-2, East South Central
2530-3, Mountain
2530-4, West North Central
2530-5, West South Central
BLS
BLS
BLS
BLS
Bulletin 2530-6, East North Central
Bulletin 2530-7, New England
Bulletin 2530-8, South Atlantic
Bulletin 2530-9, Pacific
Electronic files of these surveys are available on the Internet at:
http://stats.bls.gov/comhome.htm
For more information on available National Compensation Surveys please contact:
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Division of Compensation Data Analysis and Planning
2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE, Room 4175
Washington, DC 20212-0001
Telephone: (202) 691-6199
Internet address: ocltinfo@bls.gov
To purchase the latest BLS national wage data bulletins, write to:
New Orders
Superintendent of Documents
P.O. Box 371954
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954
Telephone: (412) 644-2721
INDEX TO STATISTICAL TABLES
TABLE KEY: A: Monthly household data; B: Monthly national and State and area establishment data; C: Monthly regional, State, and area labor
force data; D: Quarterly, household data only, in the January, April, July, and October issues. Annual averages: Household data in the January
issue; national establishment data in the January, March, and June issues; State and area establishment and labor force data in the May issue. For
additional information see the listing on the inside front cover of this publication.
Monthly
Topic
Absences from work
Aggregate weekly hours (index)
Agricultural industries
Seasonally
adjusted
Quarterly averages
Not
seasonally
adjusted
Seasonally
adjusted
Not
seasonally
adjusted
Annual
averages
46-47
B-9
A-1-3,7,11
A-15,21-22,
30,35
D-1,5,9
D-12-15
A-23-27
A-22
D-5
D-5
D-14-15
A-1-2;1-2,5-6,
12-13,15,17-18,
26,32
19-23
12-13,15-16
At work
Class of worker
Diffusion index
Discouraged workers
Earnings, hourly
Earnings, weekly
A-7
A-7
B-6
B-11
B-11
A-36
B-2,15-18
B-2,15,17-18
Educational attainment
Employment by:
Age
Hispanic origin
Industry
A-5
A-16,17
D-3
A-3-4, 6, 8
A-4
B-3-5, 7
A-14-16,18,22
A-16-17
A-21;B-12-14
D-1-2,4,6
D-2
D-12-13,16
D-12-16
Occupation
Race
A-7
A-4
A-19-21
A-14-18,20
D-5
D-2
D-14-15
D-12,14,16
Sex
A-2-4,6-8; B-4
A-14-20,22;
B-13
D-1-2,4-6
D-12-16
A-6
A-18,33
D-4
D-14-15
B-8-10
A-23-27; B-2,
15,18
A-7,11
A-26, 28, 34
D-5, 9
A-1-3,7
A-37
A-15,22
D-1,5
33-34
24,31
44-45
36
A-1-2;1-2,5-6,
A-6
A-36
A-18
D-4
12-13,15
35
8,12-13
B-5, 8-9,11
B-12,15-18
B-7;C-1-2
A-16
B-14,18;C-3
Full-time workers
Historical data
Hours of work
Jobsearch methods
Marital status
Minimum-wage workers
Multiple jobholders
Nonagricultural industries
Not in the labor force
Part-time workers
Production or nonsupervisory
workers
School enrollment
State, region, and area data
Unemployment by:
Age
A-3-4,6,9-10
Duration
Hispanic origin
Industry of last job
Occupation of last job
Race
A-13
A-4
A-11
A-11
A-4
Reason
Sex
A-12
A-2-4, 6,9-10
Union affiliation
Veterans, Vietnam-era
A-14-16,18,28
31-32,34
A-32-35
A-16-17
A-30,35
A-29, A-35
A-14-18,28
31,34
A-31-32
A-14-18,2832,34
D-20-22
D-14-15
208
3-6,8-9,14-15
4-7,11-13,18
B-1,12-13;
16-18; 50; 1
9-13,17
3,5,7-8,10-12,
14,17-18
B-13; 2-18
8,12-13,30
A-1-2;B-1-2;1-2
B-15;19-23,52;2
B-12,15-17;
51-52
1-5
D-1-2,7-8
D-12-13,17
D-11
D-2
D-9
D-9
D-2
D-19
D-12-13,17-19
D-10
D-1-2,7-8
D-18
D-12-13,17
D-12,17-21
D-23-24
A-38
35
B-2,15-17; 52; 2
B-2,15,17;
37-39,52; 2
7
3-6, 8, 24, 27, 29
33
29-32
4-7,28
26,32
25,32
3, 5, 7-8, 24, 28,
31,33
27-29
2-8,24,25-27,29,
31,33-35
40-43
48-49
Cooperating State Agencies
Current Employment Statistics (CES) and State and Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Programs
ALABAMA
Department of Industrial Relations, Room 427,
Industrial Relations Bldg., Montgomery 36130
NEBRASKA
Department of Labor, Labor Market Information,
P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln 68509-4600
ALASKA
Department of Labor, Research and Analysis
Section, P.O. Box 21149, Juneau 99802-5501
NEVADA
ARIZONA
Department of Economic Security, 1789 West
Jefferson St., Phoenix 85007
Employment Security Department, Research
and Analysis Bureau, 500 East 3rd St.,
Carson City 89713
NEW HAMPSHIRE
ARKANSAS
Employment Security Department, Labor Market
Information, P.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 722032981
Department of Employment Security,
Economic and Labor Market Information
Bureau, 32 South Main St., Concord 03301
NEW JERSEY
CALIFORNIA
Employment Development Department, Labor
Market Information Division, 7000 Franklin Blvd.,
Suite 1100, Sacramento 95823
NEW MEXICO
COLORADO
Department of Labor and Employment, Tower 2,
Suite 300, 1515 Arapahoe Ave., Denver 802022117
NEW YORK
CONNECTICUT
Labor Department, Employment Security
Division, Office of Research, 200 Folly Brook
Blvd., Wethersfield 06109
NORTH CAROLINA
DELAWARE
Department of Labor, Office of Occupational
and Labor Market Information, P.O. Box 9965,
Wilmington 19809
Department of Labor, Labor Market and
Demographic Research, P.O. Box 388,
Trenton 08625
Department of Labor, Economic Research
and Analysis Bureau, P.O. Box 1928,
Albuquerque 87103
Department of Labor, Division of Research
and Statistics, State Campus, Room 400,
Bldg. 12, Albany 12240-0020
Employment Security Commission, Labor
Market Information Division, P.O. Box 25903,
NORTH DAKOTA
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Department of Employment Services, Division
of Labor Market Information and Research,
Room 201, 500 C St., NW., Washington, DC
20001
FLORIDA
Department of Labor and Employment Security,
Bureau of Labor Market Information, 2012
Capital Circle SE., Room 200, Hartman Bldg.,
Tallahassee 32399-2151
Raleigh 27611
Job Service, P.O. Box 5507, Bismark 58502
OHIO
Bureau of Employment Services, Labor
Market Information Division, 78-80 Chestnut
St., Columbus 43215
OKLAHOMA
Employment Security Commission, Economic
Research and Analysis Division, 2401 North
Lincoln Blvd., Oklahoma City 73105
OREGON
Employment Department, 875 Union St., NE.,
Salem 97311
PENNSYLVANIA
Department of Labor and Industry, Center for
Workforce Information and Analysis, Labor
and Industry Bldg., Room 220, Seventh and
ForsterSts., Harrisburg 17121-0001
PUERTO RICO
Department of Labor and Human Resources,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, 17lh FL, 505
Munoz Rivera Ave., Hato Rey 00918 (CES);
Bureau of Employment Security, Research
and Analysis Section, 15th FL, 505 Munoz
Rivera Ave., Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)
Department of Labor and Training, Research
and Analysis, 101 Friendship St.,
Providence 02903-3740
Employment Security Division, Labor Market
Information, P.O. Box 995, Columbia 29202
GEORGIA
Department of Labor, Labor Information Systems,
148 International Blvd., NE., Atlanta 30303
HAWAII
Department of Labor and Industrial Relations,
Research and Statistics Office, Room 304,
830 Punchbowl St., Honolulu 96813
IDAHO
Department of Labor, 317 West Main St., Boise
83735
ILLINOIS
Department of Employment Security, Economic
Information and Analysis Division, (7 North),
401 South State St., Chicago 60605
INDIANA
Department of Workforce Development, Labor
Market Information, 10 North Senate Ave.,
Indianapolis 46204
RHODE ISLAND
IOWA
Workforce Development, 1000 East Grand Ave.,
DesMoines 50319
SOUTH CAROLINA
KANSAS
Department of Human Resources, Labor Market
Information Services, 401 SW.Topeka Ave.,
Topeka 66603
SOUTH DAKOTA
Department of Labor, Labor Market
Information Center, P.O. Box 4730,
Aberdeen 57402-4730
KENTUCKY
Department of Employment Services, Labor
Market Research and Analysis Branch,
275 East Main St., Frankfort 40602
TENNESSEE
LOUISIANA
Department of Labor, Research and Statistics
Division, P.O. Box 94094, Baton Rouge
70804-9094
Department of Employment Security,
Research and Statistics Division,
500 James Robertson Parkway, 11th Floor,
Nashville 37245-1000
TEXAS
Department of Labor, Division of Labor Market
Information Services, 20 Union St., Augusta
04330
UTAH
Workforce Commission, Economic Research
and Analysis, 9001 North IH-35, Suite 103A,
Austin 78753
Department of Workforce Services, Workforce
Information, 140 East 300 South, P.O. Box
45249, Salt Lake City 84114
MAINE
MARYLAND
Department of Labor, Licensing, and Regulations,
Office of Labor Market Analysis and Information,
Room 601, 1100 North Eutaw St., Baltimore
21201
MASSACHUSETTS
Division of Employment and Training, Charles F.
Hurley Bldg., 19 Staniford St., Boston 02114
MICHIGAN
Department of Career Development, Employment
Service Agency, Labor Market Research, Room
520, 7310 Woodward Ave., Detroit 48202
VERMONT
Department of Employment and Training,
Labor Market Information, P.O. Box 488,
Montpelier 05601
VIRGINIA
Employment Commission, Economic
Information Services Division, P.O. Box
1358, Richmond 23218-1358
VIRGIN ISLANDS
Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor
Statistics, 53-A, 54-A&B Kronprindsens
Gade, Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas
00801-3359 (CES)
MINNESOTA
Department of Economic Security, Research and
Statistical Services, 5th Fl., 390 North Robert St.,
St. Paul 55101
WASHINGTON
MISSISSIPPI
Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Department, P.O. Box 1699,
Jackson 39215-1699
Employment Security Department, Labor
Market and Economic Analysis Branch,
P.O. Box 9046, Olympia 98507-9046
WEST VIRGINIA
MISSOURI
Division of Workforce Development, Research
and Analysis Section, P.O. Box 59, Jefferson
City 65104
Bureau of Employment Programs Research,
Information Analysis, 112 California Ave.,
WISCONSIN
MONTANA
Department of Labor and Industry, Research
and Analysis, P.O. Box 1728, Helena 59624
WYOMING
Charleston 25305
Department of Workforce Development,
Bureau of Workforce Information, 201 East
Washington Ave., Madison 53707
Employment Resources Division, Research
and Planning, P.O. Box 2760, Casper 82602
@FedFRASER